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HISTORY 


OK  THE 


City  of  Toledo 


AND 


LUCAS  COUNTY, 


OHIO. 


ILLUSTRATED, 


CLARK   WAGOONER.    Editor. 


NEW    YORK    AND    TOLEDO  : 

MUNSELL  &  COMPANY,  PUBLISHERS. 
1888. 


COPYRIGHT,   1888, 

BY 

MuNSELL  &  Co.,  New  York. 


Blade  Printing  &  Paper  Co., 
Engravers,  Printers  and  Bookbinders^ 

TOLEDO,   OHIO. 


X-JAH.IS       XVtlJH.tlK 


r.vffi 


/Cr  /   ILUOJ, 


'■.V  g  i.JU).i 


\^^ 


TO  THE 

LOYAL  MEN  AND  LOYAL  WOMEN 

BY  WHOSE  PROMPT,  JUDICIOUS  AND   PERSISTENT  ACTION,  AT  HOME  AND 

IN   THE   FIELD,    RECORD   SO   HONORABLE  WAS  MADE   FOR 

LUCAS   COUNTY    DURING    THE   WAR   OF 

THE   REBELLION, 

f  §ig  W>otumi  is  IRespecffufEp  BeDicafcJ) 

BY 

ToLKDO,  August  1,  1888.  THE  EDITOR. 


457^30 


PREFACE 


IT  was  with  no  small  degree  of  embarrassment  that  the    writer    undertook  the  work  of 
historian.     While  not  without  exjierienc-e  in  another  field  of  literature,  he  was  too  well 
aware  of  the  special  requisites  for  the  new  department,  to  feel  assured  of  success.    But  the 
work  was  congenial  and  has  been  pursued  with  unflagging  interest,  and  with  results  yet  to  be 
determined. 

So  far  as  the  writer  had  definite  plan  at  the  outset,  it  was,  primaril3-,  to  furnish  facts, 
rather  than  narrative  or  discussion.  Hence,  the  history  here  presented  is  little  more  than  a 
record  of  what  has  been  done  and  said  by  individuals  resident  in  Toledo  and  Lucas  County. 
In  fact,  such  must  substantially  constitute  real  human  history.  With  this  understanding,  the 
writer  has  sought,  in  connection  with  the  record  of  each  event,  to  show  by  whom  such  was 
brought  about.  Hence,  the  unusual  proportion  of  names  of  individuals  given  in  this  work.  In- 
dispensable with  sucli  plan  is  an  index  by  which  may  readily  be  found  the  names  of  the  vast 
number  of  actors  in  tiie  progress  of  events  recorded.  Such  has  been  provided,  with  great  care 
and  labor;  and  containing,  as  it  does,  not  less  than  12,000  references,  it  will  greatly  aid  in  tracing 
personal  record  throughout  the  period  covered  by  the  history. 

A  leading  purpose  with  the  writer  has  been  to  supply  such  record  as  promised  most  of 
practical  value  for  future  use.  Of  this  class  may  be  specially  cited:  1.  The  chapters  giving  the 
County's  part  in  the  War  of  the  Eebellion,  which  is  believed  to  be  more  full  in  record,  both  in 
Home  Work  and  Field  Work,  than  will  be  found  in  any  like  volume.  2.  The  political  record 
of  the  County,  embracing  the  vote  for  the  several  candidates  at  every  general  election  for  50 
years.  3.  Full  list  of  Toledo  officers  from  the  organization  of  the  City  in  1837.  4.  The  names 
of  most  County  and  Township  officers.  5.  Lists  of  officers,  teachers  and  graduates  of  Toledo 
Public  Schools  ;  of  members  of  Toledo  Board  of  Trade  and  Produce  Exchange,  of  Secret  Socie- 
ties, Pioneer  Associations,  Churches;  and  other  organizations  of  permanent  interest. 

The  work  of  the  historian  in  the  present  case,  was  made  specially  embarrassing  and 
arduous  by  tiie  fact,  that  he  was  virtually  a  pioneer  in  the  field,  and  as  such  was  compelled  to 
seek  chiefly  in  original  sources  material  requisite  for  his  purpose.  In  this,  however,  he  was  favored, 
(1)  by  comparatively  long  and  intimate  personal  knowledge  of  the  locality  concerned;  and  (2) 
by  access  to  files  of  local  newspapers,  dating  even  anterior  to  the  establishment  of  Lucas  County. 
These  included  complete  files  of  the  Toledo  Blade  from  May,  1837,  to  1850,  generously  donated 
to  the  Toledo  Public  Library  by  Abel  W.  Fairbanks,  now  of  Cleveland,  who  was  a  Publisher  of 
that  paper  during  the  period  named.  Beside  those  of  the  Blade,  the  files  of  other  Toledo  papers — 
the  Commercial,  the  Register  and  the  Times— and  of  the  Maumee  City  Express,  have  been  found 
highly  useful.  In  this  connection,  it  may  properly  be  remarked,  that  there  is  no  other  source 
as  prolific  of  desirable  material  for  local  history,  as  is  the  local  Press;  hence,  the  special  impor- 
tance of  carelul  preservation  of  such  record,  a  consideration  quite  too  generally  overlooked. 

It  is  a  privilege  here  to  state,  that  the  protracted  labor  attending  the  preparation  of  this 
volume,  was  materially  lessened  by  timely  assistance.  In  such  connection,  the  writer  is  indebted 


PREFACE. 


to  the  Toledo  Public  Libriu-y,  for  use  of  newspaper  files  aud  books;  to  the  State  Library  and 
the  County  Auditor,  for  newspaper  files ;  to  the  County  Recorder  ami  County  Clerk,  for  access 
to  records;  to  Ex-President  R.  B.  Hayes,  for  use  of  rare  newspaper  files  and  books;  to  Mr.  John 
M.  Osborn,  for  use  of  valuable  books;  to  Fire  Lands  Pioneer  Association,  for  use  of  files  and 
map  ;  to  Clerks  of  different  Townships,  for  use  of  records;  to  the  Adjutant  General  of  Ohio,  for 
use  of  records;  to  Mr.  Calvin  Crane,  for  access  to  records  of  Brie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad  Com- 
l)any;  and  to  Mr.  J.  P.  Avorill,  for  use  of  illustrations  of  Fort  Meigs  and  vicinity.  Thanks 
are  also  due  for  valuable  contributions,  both  of  pen  and  pencil,  by  Hon.  Richard  Mott,  specially 
mentioned  elsewhere;  to  Hon.  John  R.  Osborn,  for  use  of  personal  diary;  to  Judge  John  H. 
Doyle,  for  chapter  Bench  and  Bar;  to  William  0.  Chapman,  M.  D.,  and  William  T.  Rowsey, 
M.  D.,  for  chapter  Medical  Profession;  to  Hon.  Guido  Marx,  for  chapter  German  Element; 
and  to  Judge  C.  C.  Baldwin,  of  Cleveland,  for  chapters  Pre-Historic  Period  and  Aborigines  of 
Maumee  Valley. 

To  claim  exemption  fi-om  errors  in  such  work,  would  be  unwarranted;  for  such,  in  the 
nature  of  the  case,  are  inevitable.  While  the  writer  has  been  measurably  free  from  the  experience 
common  to  historians  who  rel^'  largely  for  material  on  the  memory  of  individuals,  he  has, 
nevertheless,  been  subject  to  errors  in  record,  errors  in  transcribing  and  errors  in  printing,  the 
whole  constituting  liability  of  no  small  extent.  This  applies  especially'  in  connection  with 
names  of  persons.     And  yet,  it  is  believed  that  extreme  care  has  largely  avoided  such  errors. 

Of  the  prominent  feature  of  this  work  which  consists  of  portraits  and  accompanying 
biographies,  it  is  proper  to  state,  that  while  such  accessory  is  found  to  be  indispensable  to  the 
publication  of  local  history,  exceptional  care  has  been  taken  in  the  present  case,  that  they  be 
justly  representative  of  the  class  or  interest  with  which  the  parties,  respectively,  are  or  were 
connected.  Publishers  and  jJatrons  alike  may  properly  be  congratulated  on  the  success  which 
attends  this  important  department;  while  all  concerned  will  appreciate  so  valuable  a  feature  of 
the  work. 

In  behalf  of  the  Publishers,  no  less  than  as  the  judgment  of  the  Editor,  it  is  a  pleasure 

here  to  make  special  recognition,  not  only  of  the  evident  artistic  taste  and  skill   which  mark 

alike  the  typography  and  binding  of  this  volume,  but  also  the  pains-taking  care  and  patient 

attention   given  to  the  same  bji^  managers   aud    workmen -of  the  Blade  Printing  and    Paper 

Company's  establishment. 

CLARK  WAGGONER. 
Toledo,  August  1,  1888. 


CONTENTS. 


, — Page — , 

I.  Outline  History  of  the  State  of  Ohio  .....  3-15 

Chapter  I.  Pre-Historic  Period — Settlement — Territorial  Government — Indian  Troubles 
— The  State  Government — Internal  Improvements — Public  School  System — Ohio 
and  Michigan  Boundary — Salt  Manufacture — Railways— Constitution  of  1851  .        .3 

Chapter  II.  Benevolent  and  Reformatory  Institutions — Geological  Survey — The  Ohio 
Press — Ohio  in  the  War  of  the  Rebellion — Governors — Glass  and  Iron  Manufac- 
tures—Climate— Population — The  "  Buckeye  "  State — Historical  Brevities  .  .        11 

II.  Locality  ..........  17-33 

Chapter  I.    Topography — Geological     Structure— Surface     Geology— Soils— Economic 

Geology— Water  Supply— Analysis  of  Toledo  Clay — "  Green  Scum  "  of   the  Maumee  19 

Chapter  II.      Pre-Historic  Period  .......  23 

Chapter  III.    The  Aborigines  of  the  Maumee  Valley       .....  25 

Chapter  IV.    Game — The  Ague — Put-in  Bay  Islands — The  Word  "  Maumee"      .  28 

III.  Military        ..........         35-279 

Chapter  I.     Indian  Troubles  following  the  Revolutionary  War — Indian  Statesmanship 
— Failure  of  Negotiations — Gen.  Wayne's  Military  Movements — Treaty  of   Green- 
ville—Restoration of  Peace — Death  of  Wayne— Captain  William  Wells  .  37 
Chapter  II.    The  War  of  ISTJ  with  England — Hull's  Surrender — River  Raisin  Massacre 
—Siege  of  Fort  Meigs — Defense  of  Fort  Stephenson —Battle  of  Lake  Erie— Battle  of 
the  Thames— The  End  in  the  Northwest— Early  Forts— Re  Unions  of  Veterans  of 
1812— Indian  Character  and  Indian  Wrongs — Indian  Relics            ...  52 
Chapter  III.      The  Canadian  "  Patriot "  War           .            .            .            .            .            .74 

Chapter  IV.       The  Mexican  War  .......  81 

Chapter  V.         Local  Military  Organizations  ......       82 

Chapter  VI.       The  War  of  the  Rebellion— Home  Work  ....  84 

Chapter  VII.      The  War  of  the  Rebellion— Field  Work    .  .  .  .  .126 

Appendix  to  Chapter  VII    .........         274 

Chapter  VIII.    The  Roll  of  Honor — Cemeteries      ......      220 

Chapter  IX.       Organizations  of  Union  Soldiers — Armies  of  the  Tennessee  and  of  the 
Cumberland — Union   Ex-Prisoners  of  War — Grand  Army  of  the  Republic — Loyal 
Legion— Woman's  Relief  Corps  .......         223 

Chapter  X.  Persons  and  Incidents — Young  Heroes        ....  254 

Chapter  XI.        Honoring  the  Soldiers — Memorial  Day — Toledo  Memorial  Hall        .         261 
Chapter  XII.       In  Rebel  Hands  .......  264 

Chapter  XIII.    Johnson's  Island  .......         271 

IV.  Governmental         .........       281-394 

Chapter  I.        Public  Lands  ........  283 

Chapter  II.      Civil  Government  Established        ......         285 

Chapter  III.     The  Disputed  Boundary  and  the  "  Toledo  War "      ...  289 

Chapter  IV.     County  Affairs  ......'.         313 

Chapter  V.       Political  Parties  and  Elections   ......  330 

Chapter  VI.  Toledo's  Siart  and  Progress— Port  Lawrence  of  1817  and  1832 — Vistula 
— Toledo— Local  Jealousies— Additions  to  Toledo — Transfers  of  Real  Estate— Officers 
of  Toledo  City  Government,  1837-1SS7  ......        370 

V.  Communication  and  Trade  .......         395-510 

Chapter  I.  Railways— The  Pioneer  Railway  of  the  West — Toledo!s  Eastern  Railway 
Lines— The  Erie  Gauge  War— The  Ohio  Railroad  Project— The  Wabash,  The  Colum- 


Vlll. 


CONTENTS. 


-Page — , 


397 


bus  Hocking  Valley  and  Toledo,  The  Flint  and  Pere  Marquette.  The  Toledo  and 
Woodville  The  Ohio  Central,  The  Wheeling  and  Lake  Erie,  The  Toledo,  Canada 
Southern  and  Detroit,  The  Toledo,  Ann  Arbor  and  Northern  Michigan,  The  Toledo, 
Saginaw  and  Muskegon,  The  Toledo,  St.  Louis  and  Kansas  City,  and  the  Swan  Creek 
Railroad-Railway  Miscellany -Toledo  Street  R^iilways-Olden  and  New  Time  Com- 
munication in  Ohio  '■■■'"'"  "xoc 
Chai'Ter  II.           Western  Reserve  and  Maumee  Road          ....  426 

Chai'tek  in.         Plank  Roads 428 

Chapter  IV.         The  Telegraph 432 

Chapter  V.  The  Telephone 437 

Chapter  VI.         The  Maumee  M.arine    ...••••  438 

Chapter  VII.       Marine  Incidents    .....••■         442 

Chapter  VIII.     Toledo's  Canals-The  Miami  and  Erie  an.l  the  Wabash  and  Erie  444 

(JiiAPTER  LX.        Eariy  Canal  and  Lake  Traffic      ......         450 

Chapter  X.  Lake  Marine    ........  452 

Chapter  XI.         Harbor  Improvements    .  .  .  ■  •  ■  •         460 

Chapter  XII.       Commercial  Facilities  ......  464 

Chapter  XIII.     Toledo  Warehouses— Old  and  New       .....         466 

.    Chapter  XIV.      Early  Trade  of  the  West 468 

Chapter  XV.       Commerce  and  Traders     .......         470 

Chapter  XVI.      Trade  Organizations  ......  474 

Chapter  XVII.    Toledo  Business  and  Professions  .....         480 

Chapter  XVIII.  Banks  and  Banking  ......  488 

Chapter  XIX.      Real  Estate  Sales  and  Improvements  .  .  .  .505 

VI.  Judicial  .  .  ■  ■  •  •  •  •  •  511-538 

Chapter  I.    Bench  and  Bar  (by  Judge  .lohn  H.  Doyle)        -  .  .  .  513 

VII.  Hygienic  .........  539-576 

Chapter  I.    The  Medical  Profession  (by  Wm.  C.  Chapman,  M.  D.,  and  Wm.  T.  Rowsey,  , 

]VI.  D.)— Drugs  and  Medicines— Dentistry  .  ,  .  .  .  541  I 

Chapter  II.      Hospitals— Asylums— Cemeteries  .....         560 

Chapter  III.     Drainage— Water  Supply— Parks         .....  565 

Chapter  IV.     Cholera— Drouth— Mesmerism— Epizooty  ...  -        573 

VIII.  Kelioious  and  Benevolent  .......  577-608 

Chapter  I.  Early  Mission  Work  on  the  Maumee  River — Labors  of  Revs.  D.  Bacon, 
Joseph  Badger  and  Isaac  Van  Tassell,    .......        579 

Chapter  II.  Permanent  Religious  Work — The  Methodist,  the  Congregational,  the  Pro- 
testant Episcopal,  the  Catholic,  the  Presbyterian,  the  Baptist,  the  Lutheran,  the 
Unitarian,  the  LTnited  Brethren,  the  Christian,  the  German  Reformed  and  the  Jew- 
ish Church— The  Free  Chapel— Toledo  Bethel— Toledo  Young  Men's  Christian  As- 
sociation—Lucas County  Bible  Society— United  States  Christian  Commission — Allen 
Street  Mission — Adams  Street  Mission — Sabbath  School  Union — Home  Mission — 
Lakeside  Camp-Ground     .........        584 

IX.  Literary     .  .  .  .  .  .  .  ...  .        609-654 

Chapter  I.  Public  Schools,  with  lists  of  Officers,  Teachers  and  Graduates  of  Toledo 
Schools — Alumni  Association— Church  and  Private  Schools— School  Books— School 
Statistics— Color  in  the  Toledo  Schools— Evening  Schools— Toledo  Manual  Training 
School— Educational  Association — Toledo  Lyceum— Toledo  Young  Men's  Associa- 
tion— Toledo  Library  Association— Toledo  Public  Library  .  .  .         (ill 

Chapter  II.  The  Public  Press— Press  Miscellany— Press  of  Ohio  in  1819,  1835,  1S77, 
and  1887— Printing  Machinery— Amateur  Printing  and  Publishing— Book  and  Job 
Printing — Press  Associations  •-......    637 

X.  Annals        ..........  655-706 

Chapter  1.      Events  and  Persons        ........    (i.'>7 

Chapter  II.     Personal  Mention  of  Pioneers  and  other  Prominent  Citizens    .  .         675 

Chapter  III.  Maumee  Valley  Pioneer  Association,  with  List  of  Members— Pioneer 
Poetry— Maumee  Valley  Moninnental  Association,  with  List  of  Members    .  .     699 


CONTENTS. 


IX. 


XI.     Soil  Products     ..... 

Chapter  I.      Fruit  Culture  and  Horticultural  Societies 
CitAPTER  II.     Agricultural  Societies 


. — Page — , 

707-716 

709 
714 


XII.  Social 717-754 

Chapter  I.  The  Temperance  Cause  in  Lucas  County— Toledo  and  Lucas  County 
Women's  Christian  Temperance  Unions— Toledo  Young  Women's  Christian  Tem- 
perance Union — The  Retreat  Mission— Suppression  of  Vice — Sunday  Law  and  Order 
League  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .     719 

Chapter  II.  Secret  Societies — Masonic,  Odd  Fellows,  Knights  of  Pythias,  Knights  of 
the  Golden  Rule,  Order  of  Chosen  Friends,  American  Legion  of  Honor,  Royal  Ar- 
canum, Sons  of  Malta       .........         725 

Social  Organizations— Toledo  Woman  Suffrage  Association,  New  Century  Literary  Club, 
Boatingand  Fishing  Association,  Ladies'  National  Covenant,  Toledo  Humane  Society, 
Toledo  Woman's  Exchange,  Places  of  Entertainment.  Miscellaneous,  Census  Statis- 
tics, Ohio  Centennial  .........     731 

Chapter  III.  Record  of  Nationality — The  Gerraan  Element  (by  Hon.  Guido  Marx)       .    741 

XIII.  Trade  and  Manufactures     .......  755-804 

Chapter  I.      Traders  and  Merchants  .......     757 

Chapter  II.    Manufactures — Labor  Associations— Statistics— Strikes  .  .         779 

Chapter  III.  Fuel  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .799 

XIV.  Architecture  ........  805-822 

Chapter  I.    Public  and  Business  Buildings— Fire  Department — Hotels — Architects         807 


Appendix 


825-838 


Toledo  Post,  G.  A.  R.— Ohio  National  Guard— Woman's  Relief  Corjjs — Flags  and  Ban- 
ners—Expresses— St.  Stephen's  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church — St.  John's  Orphan 
Asylum— Retreat  Mission— Home  for  the  Aged— Protestant  Orphans'  Home— Street 
Improvements  —Bridges— Ferries — Toledo  Police. 

Townships  op  Lucas   County  .......  841-934 

1.  Adams,           ...........  841 

2.  Monclova,              ..........  847 

3.  Oregon,            ...........  851 

4.  Providence,           ..........  858 

5.  Richfield,       ...........  864 

6.  Spencer,     ...........  869 

7.  Springfield 874 

8.  Swanton,  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  •         .  .  .  .879 

9.  Sylvania,        ...........  887 

10.  Washington,         ..........  896 

11.  Waterville,     ...........  908 

12.  Waynesfield,         ..........  921 

13.  Manhattan,   ...........  933 


PORTRAITS  AND   BIOGRAPHIES. 


Allen,  John  C.    . 
Baokus,  Abner  L. 
Bacon,  Randall  G. 
Baker,  William, 
Baldwin,  Marquis, 
Bartle}^   Rudolph  A 
Batenian,  Elwood, 
Baumgardner,  Leander  S 
Bell,  Robert  H.    . 
Berdan,  Peter  F. 
Bergen,  Symnies  H. 
Bigelow,  Henry  W. 
Bishop,  Amasa, 
Blanchard,  Samuel. 
Boice,  Reed  V.     . 
Bond,  Oliver  S. 
Bostwick,  O.  A.     . 
Bowen,  Charles  R.    . 
Brigham,  James  M. 
Bronson,  Calvin, 
Brown,  Sylvester  J. 
Brown,  Theodore  J. 
Brown,  Theophilus  P. 
Carrington,  Miles  D. 
Chapman,  William  C 
Crabb,  Gershom, 
Crane,  Charles  A. 
Cass,  Joseph  G. 
Cook,  Daniel  F.     . 
Cook,  Josiah  D. 
Coy,  Charles, 
Davis,  George  W. 
Dawson,  Alexander, 
Doyle,  John  H. 
Eaton,  Frederick, 
Enright.  Michael  J.  . 
Fairchild,  Alonzo, 
Farley,  James,  .         '. 
Fassett,  Elias, 
Fontaine,  Eugene,    . 
Fuller,  John  W. 
Gendron,  Peter, 
Granger,  Volentine  W 
Griffith,  Wilson  W. 
Hagenberg,  Garrett  W 
Hall,  Israel, 
Hart,  Timothy  P. 
Haynes.  George  R.  . 
Herrick,  Calvin, 
Hiett,  John  W. 
Hill,  Charles  W. 
Hone,  James  W. 


Page. 

.     930 

Howard,  Dresden  W.  H 

479u 

Howell,  Daniel  Y. 

.     767 

Hunt,  John  E. 

532 

Janney,  Robert  S. 

.     675 

Jones,  William  W.    . 

762 

Kaley.  David, 

.   7efffi 

Kellogg,  Harvey, 

768 

Kelsey,  Aaron  L. 

.     762a 

Ketcham.  John  B.   . 

75S 

Ketcham,  Valentine  H. 

.     550 

King,  Charles  A. 

783 

Laskey,  George,  . 

.     676 

Lee,  John  C. 

678 

Lemmon,  Reuben  C.    . 

.     503 

Locke,  David  R. 

503 

Luce,  Charles  L.  . 

.     767 

Lungren,  Samuel  S. 

845 

Mack,  George, 

.     918 

Marx,  Guido,    . 

780 

May,  John  W. 

.     698 

Merrell,  Thomas  S.    . 

771 

Messer.  James  C. 

.     421 

Monroe.  James  B.     . 

479 

Morehouse,  Lorenzo  L. 

.     551 

Mott,  Richard, 

907 

Myers,  James. 

.     686 

Navarre,  Peter, 

842 

Newcomb.  Alexander  H 

.    929 

Nichols,  Francis  L.  . 

571 

O'Brien,  Patrick, 

.     857 

Palmer,  Andrew, 

502 

Parker,  Torance  D. 

.     811 

Pratt,  Charles,  . 

.     ■    528 

Pomeroy,  George  E.     . 

.     763 

Potter,  Emery  D. 

789 

Prentice,  Frederick,    . 

.     873 

Puck,  John  H.  . 

868 

Raab,  Lucas, 

.    687 

Reed,  Calvin  H. 

793 

Reed,  Isaac  N. 

.     161 

Reynolds,  Jeremiah, 

792 

Reynolds,  Sheldon  C. 

.     772 

Richards.  Ransom  E. 

502 

Roff,  William,       . 

.     773 

Romeis,  Jacob, 

712 

Rood,  Emmor  A. 

.     830 

Rowsey,  William  T. 

531 

Scheets,  George,  . 

.    688 

Scott,  J.  Austin, 

509 

Scott,  Jessup  W. 

.     529 

Sherwood,  Isaac  R. 

510 

Skinner,  Samuel  W.     . 

Page. 
690 

7776 

704 

784 

549 

844 

842 

773 

762« 

500 

479 

092 

534 

531 

654 

764 

557 

821 

753 

760 

777 

853 

420 

918 

497 

694 

658 

395 

535 

597 

695 

7626 

533 

830 

528 

712 

776 

873 

552 

559 

843 

472ci 

727 

766 

394 

7626 

558 

765 

711 

650 

199 

551 


Siiifail,  Isaac  D. 
8iuith,  David, 
Smith,  Dcnison  B.    . 
Smith.  Kleazer  N. 
Smith,  Robert  W.     . 
Stei'lo,  Peniiison, 
Stevens,  Oliver, 
Strayer,  .John, 
Thayer,  I-yman  T.    . 
Trowhriiigf,  Demetrius  N. 
Waggoner,  Clark, 
Waite,  Morrison  R. 


CONTENTS. 

Page.  Page. 

790  Walbridge,  Horace  S 472e 

605  Weible,  John, S50 

4725  'Williams,  A.  Davenport, 931 

008  Williams,  Joseph  R 6.53 

786  Wilcox,  Henry, 607 

813  Wilcox,  Minot  1 776 

696  Witker,  Frederick  E 785 

848  Worts,  George 782 

821  Wright,  James 856 

606  Young,  Charles  L 774 

651  Young,  Samuel  M 499 

525 


Map  of  Maumee  River  and  Bay    . 

Plat  of  original  Port  Lawrence 
Map  of  Northwestern  Ohio  in  1817, 


MAPS. 


Page. 
.     320 

372 

.     286 


Maps  showing  Indian  Tribes, 
Map  of  LucaiS  County, 


Page. 
25,26 

ii. 


VIKW'S. 


Page. 


Toledo,  ISOO,  1846,  1888,  between  pages  370  and  371 
First  Court  House  of  Lucas  County,        .        .        303 


Fort  Meigs  and  Vicinity, 


Page. 
.       56 


Pioneer  and    Improved  Toledo  Warehouses, 

1817—1887 466 

Memorial  Hall 261 

OfHce  of  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad,  .  676 

Pioneer  Passenger  Railway  Train  of  America,    .  398 

Pioneer  Railway  Passenger  Car  of  the  West,  404 

The  Whig  Log  Cabin,  1840 352 

The  Whig  Coon,  1844 341 


ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Page. 


The  "Gerrymander," 

The  Steamboat  Walk-in-the-Water, 

Toledo  Central  and  Manual  Training  School 

Building, 

Toledo  Water  Works  in  1873, 

Trinity  Church, 

United  States  Government  Building,  Toledo, 
1888 


Page. 
3.39 
453 

630 
566 
591 

812 


PART    I. 

STATE   OF   OHIO. 


OUTLINE  HISTORY 


STATE  OF  OHIO 


CHAPTER   I. 


PEE-HISTOEIC    PERIOD.  SETTLEMENT.  TEEEITOKIAL    GOVEENMENT.  INDIAN    TEOUBLES.  —  THE 

STATE     GOVEENMENT.  INTEENAL     IMPEOVEMENTS.  PUBLIC     SCHOOL     SYSTEM.  —  OHIO     AND 

MICHIGAN    BOUNDARY. — -SALT    MANUFAGTUBE. — EAILWAYS. — THE    CONSTITUTION   OF    1851. 


IN  common  with  the  rest  of  the  American 
Continent,  the  primitive  condition  of  the 
territory  now  embraced  within  the  State  of 
Ohio  and  of  its  inhabitants,  is  without  reliable 
record.  That  this  region  was  occupied  by  an 
active  and  intelligent  race  for  hundreds  of 
years  before  the  advent  of  the  white  man,  is 
made  evident  by  proofs  which  leave  no  room 
for  doubt.  These  are  of  various  kinds,  but 
consist  mainly  of  stone  and  earthworks  still 
remaining  in  different  portions  of  the  State. 
The  predecessors  of  the  European  settlers  have 
come  to  be  known  as  the  "  Mound  Builders," 
from  the  fact  that  the  chief  remains  of  their 
occupancy  consist  of  the  works  so  numerous, 
especially  throughout  the  Valley  of  the  Ohio, 
the  number  already  found  being  not  less  than 
10,000.  The  purposes  of  these  works  seem  to 
have  been  various,  and  chieflj'  those  of  fortifica- 
tion, religious  temples  and  bui-ial  places.  The 
chief  record  by  which  the  age  of  these  remains 
can  be  ascertained,  consists  of  the  trees  here 
and  there  found  growing  ujion  them.  From 
these  it  is  calculated  that  at  least  six  hundred 
years  have  elapsed  since  the  structures  were 
abandoned  by  their  builders.  How  much 
longer,  of  course,  is  problematical  onlj'.  These 
people  seem  to  have  lived  in  a  condition  more 
or  less  compact,  and  wei-e  not  migratory  in 
their  habits.  From  proofs  left,  they  must  have 
carried  on  more  or  less  of  traffic  with  peoples 
in  other  and  distant  portions  of  the  continent. 
They  left  nothing  to  indicate  that  they  used 


beasts  of  burden  or  vehicles  of  any  sort,  their 
work  having  all  been  done  by  themselves,  in- 
cluding the  carrying  of  the  heavy  materials 
used  in  their  mounds  and  fortifications.  Their 
religion  seems  to  have  been  the  worship  of 
nature,  in  different  manifestations.  Whence 
they  came,  can  only  be  conjectured,  their  most 
probable  source  being  Asia,  entering  the  con- 
tinent from  the  North,  moving  Southward, 
and  being  followed,  if  not  driven,  by  succeed- 
ing hordes  from  the  same  general  source. 
What  was  their  final  stopping  place,  is  a  mat- 
ter no  less  uncertain  than  their  origin ;  but 
they  may  have  moved  Southward  into  Mexico 
and  there  disappeared.  The  suj^posed  succes- 
sors to  the  "  Mound-Builders" — the  Indians — 
are  the  earliest  occupants  of  this  region  known 
to  history  ;  and  like  their  predecessors,  these, 
too,  were  in  time  called  to  surrender  their 
ground,  and  are  now  fast  being  crowded  out  of 
their  hunting-grounds  by  advancing  civiliza- 
tion and  human  greed.  They  will  leave  very 
little  to  mark  their  occupancy  of  the  country 
or  to  indicate  that  they  ever  lived. 

In  considering  the  date  of  the  first  settle- 
ment of  a  country,  we  must  at  the  outset  de- 
termine what  constitutes  a  "settlement."  If 
adventures  for  discovery,  trade,  missionary 
labor,  or  other  temporai-j'  purpose,  be  such,  it 
is  j)robable  that  the  earliest  settlers  of  Ohio 
were  parties  sent  out  in  1680,  by  Count  de 
Frontenac,  then  the  French  Governor  of  Can- 
ada, for  the  purpose  of  erecting  posts  or  stores 


OUTLINE  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  OHIO. 


for  occupancy  and  trade.  One  of  these  parties 
at  that  time  built  a  small  stockade  just  below 
where  South  Toledo  (Maumec  City)  now  stands, 
being  substantially  the  location  of  Fort  Miami, 
erected  by  the  British  in  1794.  This  was  an 
important  point  for  trade  for  several  years,  and 
was  finally  abandoned  for  the  more  desirable 
location  at  the  head  of  the  Maumee  Eiver, 
where  Fort  Wayne  now  stands.  Other  enter- 
])rises  of  various  kinds  are  connected  with  the 
early  history  of  Ohio,  but  they  can  in  no 
proper  sense  be  considered  "  settlements.  ' 

The  first  definite  movement  looking  to  the 
settlement  of  the  territory  now  within  the 
State  of  Ohio,  was  made  in  the  organization  of 
the  "  Ohio  Company,"  in  1748,  composed  chiefly 
of  Virginians,  who  asked  the  British  Govern- 
ment for  a  grant  of  land.  Their  request  was 
complied  with  and  500,000  acres  of  land  given 
them,  to  be  located  on  the  South  side  of  the 
Ohio  Eiver,  and  on  which  a  colony  of  100 
families  was  to  be  located.  This  action  excited 
the  jealousy  of  France,  which  government,  by 
right  of  discovery,  claimed  all  the  territory 
on  the  Mississippi  and  its  tributaries.  Active 
steps  were  at  once  taken  to  prevent  the  execu- 
tion of  the  British  scheme.  The  Governor  of 
Canada  notified  the  Governor  of  ISTew  York, 
that  any  attempt  to  carry  out  such  project 
would  be  followed  by  seizure ;  steps  at  the 
same  time  being  taken  to  excite  the  Indians 
against  the  proposed  settlers.  The  result  was 
what  came  to  be  known  as  the  "  French  and 
Indian  War,"  which,  with  more  or  less  activity, 
was  continued  until  the  treaty  of  1763,  by 
which  France  surrendered  her  claim  to  the 
territory  in  the  Northwest. 

Thus  relieved  of  sanguinary  contests  and 
uncertainty,  the  few  weak  settlements  then 
made  took  on  new  life,  while  immigrants 
from  Virginia  and  Maryland  slowly  came  to 
open  the  country  to  civilization.  Not  entirely 
to  yield  their  ground,  the  French  sought  to 
tamper  with  the  Indians  bj'  efforts  to  excite 
their  passions  toward  the  British  authorities 
and  the  settlements,  in  which  they  were  so  far 
successful  as  to  cause  serious  trouble.  The 
work  of  satisfying  the  several  tribes  making 
claims  to  the  country  in  question,  actively  be- 
gun in  17G8,  was  so  far  accomplished  by  1769, 
that  settlers  began  to  appear  in  increasing 
numbers  on  the  South  side  of  the  Ohio.  The 
author    of    '-Annals    of    the    West,"     says: 


"  Among  the  foremost  speculators  in  Western 
lands  at  that  time,  was  George  Washington." 
He,  with  others,  in  1769,  asked  of  the  King  a 
ffrant  of  2,500.000  acres  in  the  West.  In  or- 
der  to  locate  such  lands,  he  crossed  the  moun- 
tains in  1770. 

The  first  definite  step  toward  the  permanent 
settlement  of  the  territory  West  and  North  of 
the  Ohio,  was  taken  in  1778,  when  the  Vir- 
ginia House  of  Burgesses  passed  an  act  declar- 
ing that  "all  citizens  of  Virginia  who  were 
already  settled  there  or  should  be  thereafter 
settled  on  the  West  side  of  the  Ohio,  should  be 
included  in  the  District  of  Kentuckj-,  which 
should  be  called  Illinois  County."  This  fol- 
lowed the  singularly  successful  military  ex- 
pedition of  Gen.  George  Rogers  Clark,  in 
which  he  conquered  the  country  of  the  North- 
west in  the  name  of  Virginia.  Five  years 
later  came  the  treaty  of  peace  between  the 
United  States  and  Great  Britain,  when  Gen. 
Clark's  success  was  made  the  chief  basis  of 
the  claim  of  the  United  States  to  the  terri- 
tory which  the  British  Government  was  loth 
to  surrender.  And  yet.  Gen.  Clark  was  per- 
mitted to  spend  the  closing  years  of  his  life  in 
absolute  want  of  the  ordinary  comforts  essen- 
tial to  a  man  of  intelligence  and  refinement. 

Following  the  treaty  of  1783,  came  the 
division  of  the  Western  country  into  three 
Territories — that  of  the  Mississippi,  that  South 
of  the  Ohio,  and  that  Northwest  of  the  Ohio. 
Five  distinct  claims  to  different  portions  of  the 
latter  were  set  up  by  the  States  of  Connecticut, 
New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Massachusetts  and 
Virginia.  Beside  these,  several  incorporated 
Companies  presented  claims  to  portions,  while 
the  Indians  claimed  the  whole  as  their  prop- 
erty. One  by  one,  the  State  claims  were  re- 
linquished, in  part  in  consideration  of  lands 
set  oflf  to  them,  of  which  Virginia's  portion 
was  in  Southeastern  and  Connecticut's  in 
Northeastern  Ohio  (the  Western  Eeserve). 
In  1784,  by  treaty  at  Fort  Stanwix  (now  Eome, 
New  York),  the  Six  Nations  ceded  what  claim 
they  had  made  to  that  territory.  In  1785,  at 
Fort  Mcintosh  (now  Beaver,  Penn.),  the  Wy- 
andots,  the  Delawares,  the  Chippewas,  and 
the  Tawas,  surrendered  their  claims,  save  and 
except  the  large  tract  l}'ing  between  the  Cuya- 
hoga and  the  Maumee  Eiver,  and  extending 
South  nearly  to  the  center  of  the  present 
State  of   Ohio.      The  following  Indian  tribes 


THE  STATE  GOVERNMENT. 


held  reservations  of  lands  in  Ohio  in  1828  : 
Wyandots  (842  in  number),  163,000  acres; 
Shawnees  (800),  117,000  acres  ;  Senecas  (557), 
55,505  acres;  Delavvares  (80),  5,760  acres; 
Ottawas  (377),  50,581  acres.  Totals— 2,350 
Indians,  and  391,846  acres,  or  1,800  acres  each. 
All  these  have  been  relinquished,  the  last  (by 
Wyandots)  in  1843. 

Jesuit  Missionaries  appeared  in  the  region 
between  the  Lake  and  the  Ohio  early  in  the 
17th  century.  In  1749  English  traders  were 
at  Sandusky.  The  Moravian  Missionaries  be- 
gan operations  in  Eastern  Ohio  as  early  as  1762, 
and  were  driven  away  after  great  slaughter  of 
their  converts.  The  first  important  settle- 
ment in  the  State,  was  that  made  at  Marietta, 
in  1788,  while  others  about  that  time  occurred 
along  tlie  Ohio  between  the  Muskingum  and 
the  Hockiiocking  Rivers.  These  may  have 
preceded  that  at  Marietta  by  one  year.  Con- 
necticut claimed  the  territory  between  the 
parallels  41°  and  42°  2',  and  between  the  Penn- 
sylvania line  and  a  line  120  miles  West  (going 
to  the  present  West  line  of  Huron  County), 
which  was  then  known  as  "  New  Connecticut," 
and  since  as  the  "  Western  Eoserve."  In  1792 
that  State  granted  to  such  of  its  citizens  as 
suffered  from  loss  of  property  by  fire  during 
the  Eevolutionarj'  War,  500,000  acres  from  the 
West  end  of  this  Reserve,  which  tract  is  now 
known  as  the  "  Fire  Lands,"  and  lies  almost 
wholly  within  the  Counties  of  Huron  and  Erie. 

By  proclamation  in  1788,  Governor  St.  Clair 
declared  Washington  County  organized,  with 
limits  extending  Westward  to  the  Scioto  and 
Northwai'd  to  the  mouth  of  the  Cuyahoga, 
with  its  County-seat  at  Marietta.  Some  10 
years  later  the  Counties  of  Adams,  Hamilton, 
Ross,  Wayne,  Jefferson  and  Trumbull  were 
established,  the  latter  including  the  Fire  Lands, 
with  its  seat  of  justice  at  Warren.  The  cap- 
ital of  the  Territory  was  then  at  Chillicothe. 

The  closing  years  of  the  18th  century  were 
marked  by  serious  Indian  disturbances,  espe- 
cially in  the  Western  portion  of  the  Territory. 
These  fortunately  closed  with  the  signal  vic- 
tory of  Gen.  Anthony  Wayne  at  the  battle  of 
Fallen  Timbers,  which  occurred  in  August, 
1794,  within  the  present  limits  of  Lucas 
County,  and  which  was  followed  by  the  im- 
portant treaty  at  Greenville,  Ohio,  in  1795, 
whereby  terms  of  peace  were  agreed  upon,  al- 
though the  Maumee  Valley  was  lelt  in  posses- 


sion of  the  Indians.  Subsequent  treaties  were 
made— at  Fort  Industry  (now  Toledo)  in  1805, 
at  Detroit  in  1807,  at  Brownstown,  Mich.,  in 
1808,  and  at  the  Foot  of  the  Maumee  Rapids 
in  1817.  By  these,  various  reservations  of 
land  were  made  to  the  Indians,  which  since 
have  been  extinguished,  the  last  case  being 
that  of  the  Wyandots  at  LTpper  Sandusky  in 
1842,  which  tribe  left  for  their  reservation  in 
Kansas  in  1843,  then  numbering  about  700 
souls. 

Under  the  enabling  act  passed  by  Congress, 
a  Convention  to  form  a  Constitution  for  the 
State  of  Ohio,  was  held  at  Chillicothe  in  1802. 
The  County  of  Wayne,  embracing  most  of  the 
present  State  of  Michigan,  was  not  included  in 
the  territory  of  the  proposed  State.  This  ac- 
tion caused  serious  dissatisfaction  on  the  part 
of  the  people  at  Detroit  and  Monroe,  who 
constituted  the  chief  residents  of  that  region. 
That  County  was  attached  to  the  Territory  of 
Indiana,  where  it  remained  until  1805,  when  it 
was  established  as  the  Territory  of  Michigan. 
The  Ohio  Convention  met  November  Ist,  and 
closed  its  labors  on  the  20th  same  month.  The 
Constitution  then  formed  was  not  submitted  to 
the  vote  of  the  people  for  approval,  but  went 
into  effect  without  such  action.  The  object  of 
such  step  is  believed  to  have  been  to  avoid  the 
risk  of  rejection  on  a  popular  vote. 

The  State  ot  Ohio  was  admitted  into  the 
Union  in  February,  1803,  and  the  first  General 
Assembly  convened  in  March  following.*  By 
the  Constitution  the  Executive  was  made  to 
consist  of  a  Governor.  The  General  Assembly 
was  constituted  of  two  bodies,  the  Senate  and 
the  House  of  Representatives.  Only  white 
males  of  21  years  of  age  were  admitted  to 
vote,  but  no  property-  qualification  was  re- 
quired. All  State  officers,  Judges  and  Military 
oflScers  were  made  elective  by  the  Legislature, 
the  pay  of  all  to  be  fixed  by  that  body.  The 
judicial  power  was  vested  in  a  Supreme  Court, 
Courts  of  Common  Pleas,  Justices  of  the 
Peace,  and  such  other  Courts  as  the  Legisla- 
ture might  see  fit  to  provide.  Justices  of  the 
Peace  were  chosen  bj'  the  people  of  the  re- 
spective Townships.     The  State  organization 

*  The  exact  date  when  Ohio  became  a  member  of 
tlie  Union,  is  with  some  persons,  j'et  in  dispute  ;  but 
the  time  here  named  is  what  has  been  generally  ac- 
cepted as  the  correct  one.  The  question  is  one  not 
admitting  of  discussion  here. 


OUTLINE  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  OHIO. 


was  followed  by  an  increasing  immigration 
and  corresponding  development,  chiefly  in  the 
sections  bordering  on  the  Ohio  Eiver  and  the 
Lake. 

War  being  declared  against  Great  Britain  in 
June,  1812,  Ohio  soon  came  to  be  the  scene  of 
important  military  events.  The  early  sur- 
render of  his  command  to  the  British,  by  Gen. 
Hull,  whereby  Northern  Ohio  was  at  once  left 
without  protection  from  British  and  Indian 
attack,  was  the  cause  of  most  serious  appre- 
hension on  the  part  of  the  scattered  settlers. 
But  the  brilliant  success  of  Gen.  Harrison  at 
Fort  Meigs  in  May,  1813,  and  of  Maj.  Croghan 
at  Fort  Stephenson,  August  2d,  followed  as  it 
was  by  Com.  Perry's  victory  over  the  British 
fleet  on  10th  September,  greatly  relieved  this 
state  of  things  and  secured  immunity  from 
attack  for  that  region  to  the  close  of  the  War 
in  1815. 

In  1814  the  State  accepted  an  offer  of  a  tract 
of  land  on  the  East  side  of  the  Scioto  Elver, 
opposite  Franklinton,  for  use  as  its  seat  of 
government,  and  in  1816  the  buildings  thereon 
were  so  far  completed  as  to  be  ready  for  oc- 
cujiancy,  when  the  Capital  was  removed. 

The  subject  of  a  Canal  to  connect  Lake  Erie 
with  the  Ohio,  was  first  broiight  to  the  atten- 
tion of  the  Legislature  by  the  Governor  in 
1819,  when  he  submitted  to  that  body  a  letter 
from  Gov.  DeWitt  Clinton  of  New  Tork  on 
that  subject.  Nothing  was  done  on  the  sub- 
ject until  1820,  when  three  Commissioners 
were  appointed,  with  authority  to  emjjloy  a 
civil  engineer  to  make  survey  of  a  line  for  the 
proposed  Canal.  As  the  prosecution  of  the 
work  was  made  to  depend  ujjon  a  grant  of 
land  by  Congress  along  the  line  of  the  same, 
action  was  delayed  until  1822,  when  steps 
were  taken  for  the  survey  of  four  different 
routes,  to-wit:  From  Sandusky  Bay;  fi-om 
the  mouth  of  the  Maumee  Eiver ;  from  the 
mouth  of  the  Cuyahoga  or  of  Black  Eiver,  by 
the  Muskingum  ;  and  from  the  mouth  of  Grand 
Eiver,  by  the  Mahoning  — all  to  the  Ohio. 
James  Geddes,  a  civil  engineer  of  New  Tork, 
was  employed  for  such  survey.  Eeport  was 
made  at  the  next  session  of  the  Legislature, 
showing  each  of  these  routes  to  be  practicable. 
The  Commissioners  made  final  report  in  1824, 
recommending  the  line  of  what  is  known  as 
the  Ohio  Canal,  from  Cleveland  to  Portsmouth, 
with  side-cut  connection  with  Columbus.     Se- 


rious in-otest  was  made  to  this  decision  by  the 
friends  of  the  other  lines,  and  especially  of 
the  Sandusky  route.  For  some  time  bitter  dis- 
cussion through  the  press  and  protest  by  pub- 
lic meetings  were  kept  up,  including  sugges- 
tions more  or  less  distinct  and  definite  of  bad 
faith  on  the  part  of  the  majority  of  the  Board 
of  Commissioners.  But  this  action  failed 
to  defeat  the  adopted  plan.  In  February, 
1824,  the  Commission  directed  two  additional 
lines  to  be  surveyed,  to-wit:  One  extending 
from  the  mouth  of  the  Scioto  to  Coshocton, 
and  thence  by  three  different  routes  to  the 
Lake ;  and  one  from  Cincinnati  to  the  foot  of 
the  Eapids  of  the  Maumee.  The  estimated 
cost  of  the  latter  (now  known  as  the  Miami 
and  Erie  Canal)  was  82,502,494;  and  that  of 
the  Cleveland  and  Portsmouth  line,  from 
§2,626,571  to  §2,934,024.  Operations  were 
soon  commenced  on  the  Ohio  Canal,  the  Coshoc- 
ton route  from  Cleveland  being  selected,  which 
was  completed  in  1833,  at  a  cost  of  §4,695,202. 
In  1843  a  Canal  from  Eoscoe  to  Walhonding, 
25  miles  in  length,  was  completed  at  a  cost  of 
§607,360.  At  the  same  time  the  Hocking 
Canal,  between  Carroll  and  Nelsonville,  42 
miles,  was  finished,  at  a  cost  of  $947,670.  The 
Muskingum  Eiver  Slack- water  Improvement 
(Zanesville  to  Marietta),  was  completed  about 
the  same  time  and  cost  §1,628,028.  The  Miami 
and  Erie  (Toledo  and  Cincinnati),  was  opened 
throughout  its  line  in  1845,  its  length,  branches 
and  feeders  included,  being  323  miles.  The 
following  Canals  constructed  by  this  State  have 
been  abandoned,  as  no  longer  of  sufficient 
service  to  warrant  keeping  in  repair,  to-wit : 
The  Sandy  and  Beaver,  connecting  Bolivar 
and  Smith's  Ferry  ;  length,  84  miles,  costing 
§2,000,000.  The  Pennsylvania  and  Ohio,  from 
Akron  to  the  Pennsylvania  line ;  length,  87 
miles;  cost  §1,000,000.  The  Athens  Branch 
(in  part),  ft-om  Nelsonville  to  Athens;  length, 
14  miles.  The  Lebanon  Branch,  from  Middle- 
town  to  Lebanon;  20  miles;  costing  §217,552. 
The  cost  of  these  works,  as  given,  by  no  means 
indicates  the  total  outlay  of  the  State  on  them. 
The  excessive  rates  of  interest  and  discount  on 
bonds  sold,  made  necessary-  by  a  low  state  of 
public  credit  and  a  condition  of  general  finan- 
cial prostration  during  most  of  the  time  of 
their  construction,  would  largely  augment  the 
figures  given  ;  while  the  heavy  expenditures 
for  repairs  and  other  unforeseen  outlays,  ma- 


THE  SCHOOL  SYSTEM. 


terially  add  to  the  ultimate  cost.  And  yet, 
there  can  be  no  doubt  as  to  the  wisdom  of  their 
construction.  The  advantages  gained  through 
them  by  the  State,  were  both  timely  and  im- 
portant, in  bringing  to  the  producing  classes 
the  means  for  access  to  market  which  other- 
wise would  have  been  impossible  ;  in  promot- 
ing intercourse  and  general  trade,  whereby  all 
interests  were  advanced;  and  iu  these  ways 
inviting  to  the  State  population,  capital  and 
enterprise,  so  indispensable  to  its  development. 
To  these  should  be  added  the  consideration, 
that  through  the  enterprise  and  energy  requi- 
site for  such  improvements  under  circumstances 
so  unfavorable,  the  State  was  made  for  many 
years  the  most  attractive  field  for  the  best 
classes  of  emigrants  from  the  Eastern  States 
and  the  Old  World,  which  fact  accounts  for  her 
wonderful  growth  for  many  years.  Canals 
are  often  unfavorably  comjjared  with  Kail- 
ways,  as  facilities  for  trade  and  travel.  As 
well  might  youth  and  early  manhood  be  com- 
pared in  results  with  matured  age.  The  Btiil- 
way  system  of  Ohio  is  indebted  for  its  present 
extraordinaiy  extent  and  vigor,  more  to  the 
foundation  supplied  by  the  Canal  system,  than 
to  any  other  one  cause.* 

*  The  Canal  system  of  Ohio  embraces  the  following 
Works,  to- wit : 


Miles. 


334 
261 
9] 
•56 
25 


Name  of  Improvement 


Ohio  Canal.- 

tMiami  and  Erie  Canal 

Muskingum  Improvement. 

Hocking  Canal 

Walhonding  Canal -. 


Total  cost  of  Ohio  Canals. 


Cod. 


$4,695,203  69 

6,808,800  20 

1,582,459  04 

940,ai9  76 

600,727  01 


$14,627,»i9  79 


t  The  Miami  and  Erie  Canal  comprises  the  Miami 
Canal  (including  the  Warren  County  Canal,  costing 
$861,473.52),  the  Miami  Extension  (costing  $3,112,- 
953.63),  and  the  Wabash  and  Erie  (costing  $2,834,- 
373.14). 

The  accounts  of  these  Works,  up  to  Jan.  1,  1S59, 
as  regards  their  net  revenue  and  expenditure  for 
repairs,  etc.,  stood  as  follows: 


Canals. 


Ohio  Canal 

Miami  and  Erie 

Muskingum   Improve- 
ment   

Hocking  Canal 

Walhonding 


Net  Receipts. 


87,600,169  95 
4,500,067  76 

493,759  02 
160,181  73 
-  20,230  30 


Totals $12,824,408  76       $71,521  15 

Net  balance  applicable  to  payment  oJ  interest. 


Excess  of 
Expenditures 
aver  Receipts. 


$15,298  25 

46,522  M 

9,700  86 


Balance 

applicable  to 

Interest. 


$4,476,646  43 
1,663,595  47 


$6,140,241  90 
6,068,720  75 


The  School  system  of  Ohio,  now  so  ample 
and  successful,  dates  its  real  commencement  in 
1825,  and  received  its  start  in  connection  with 
the  adoption  of  the  Canal  system  entered  upon 
at  that  time.  This  relation  is  due  to  the  fact, 
that  the  friends  of  the  two  interests  made 
"  common  cause  "  to  some  extent  sixty  years 
ago,  when  the  first  State  tax  for  School  pur- 
poses (one-half  mill  on  the  dollar),  was  levied. 
In  1838  the  School  laws  were  revised  and  a 
State  School  fund  of  ^200,000  was  established 
for  distribution  among  the  Counties.  The 
adoption  by  the  State  in  1850  of  the  local  act 
known  as  the  "  Akron  School  Law,"  was  a  very 
important  advance.  Under  it  the  Schools 
were  classified  so  far  as  might  be  practicable, 
and  education  made  free  to  all  children  and 
youth,  save  where  the  parents  or  guardians  of 
white  pupils  made  objection  to  the  attendance 
of  colored  children.  In  1873  the  School  acts 
were  consolidated  in  a  general  law,  which  pro- 
vides for  more  systematic  and  effective  man- 
agement, while  more  liberal  provision  is  made 
for  educational  facilities.  Among  the  powers 
given  local  Boards  of  Education  are  these : 
They  may  levy  an  annual  tax  not  exceeding 
seven  mills  on  the  dollar;  may  require  any 
language  to  be  taught;  and  are  required  to 
have  German  taught  upon  demand  of  seventy- 
five  freeholders  of  the  District,  representing  at 
least  forty  pupils  ;  all  branches  must  be  taught 
in  English ;  Boards  may  establish  separate 
Schools  for  colored  children,  when  the  number 

Total  original  cost  of  Construction $14,627,549  79 

Total  cost  of  Repairs - 6,782,526  15 

Aggregate  cost  inclusive  of  Repairs $21,410,075  94 

Interest  on  cost  at  6  per  cent,  (to '59).. $14,042,447  6S 

Revenue  from  Canals  applicable  to 

interest $6,068,720  75 

Received  from  sale  of  Canal  lands  -..     1,753,783  51 

7,822,504  26 

Difference  of  Interest  paid  and  Revenue  received..  $6,219,943  42 
From  1826  to  1836,  the  Counties  having  Canals 
paid  in  Canal  tax,  $481,953.78;  while  the  Counties 
having  no  Canals,  paid  $474,840.59.  In  both  .State 
and  Canal  taxes,  from  1837  to  1845,  the  former  class 
paid  $2,962,610.65,  and  the  latter  class,  $2,979,747.95. 
And  in  State  taxes  for  all  purposes,  from  1846  to 
1858,  the  former  paid  $13,631,416.99,  and  the  latter, 
$13,097,711.75.  The.se  figures  show  that  the  $27,630,- 
019.36  sunk  by  the  State  in  cost  and  interest  up  to 
November  15,  1858,  was  about  equally  divided  be- 
tween the  Counties  having  and  those  not  having 
Canals.  Results  since  that  date,  as  the  burthen  of 
the  continued  loss,  are  not  at  hand,  but  are  probably 
not  essentially  different  from  the  foregoing. 


8 


OCTLJAK  imrOIiV  OF  TUE  iSTATE  OF  OHIO. 


of  such  exceeds  twenty,  and  provide  suitable 
evening  Schools  for  white  pupils  not  able  to 
attend  the  day  Schools.  The  following  sta- 
tistics for  the  year  1885,  indicate  the  progress 
made  in  educational  fiicilities  in  Ohio,  to-wil: 

Number  of  vouth  of  school  age  in  the  State  in  Sep- 

tember.'m'. l'«»'^'» 

Number  of  youth  of  school  age  iu  the  State  in  Sep- 
tember. 18M 1.082,295 

Number  of  school  districts  in  the  State -.  2,099 

Number  of  sub-districts  in  township  districts 11,798 

Number  of  school-houses  in  townshi])  districts —  ll,lo5 

Number  of  school-houses  erected  within  the  year.-  455 

Cost  of  school-houses  within  the  year $1,194,821 

Estimated  value  of  school-houses,  including  grounds,    $27,9(59,757 
Number  of  teachers  necessary  to  supply  schools-.-  18,181 
Number  of  different  teachers  actually  employed--  24,628 
Average  number  of  weeks  the  schools  were  in  ses- 
sion in  township  districts - --.  29 

.\venige  number  of  weeks  the  schools  were  in  ses- 

'    sion  in  separate  districts -_- 34 

Number  of  pupils  enrolled  in  the  schools 774,660 

Average  number  of  pupils  iu  daily  attendance —  517,.569 

Numberof  school  officers -.-  .51,762 

Total  receipts,  including  balance  on  hand  Septem- 
ber 1.  1884 - $18,628,709.32 

Total  expenditures - 10,093,938.17 

There  are  now  in  Ohio  54  Colleges  and  other 
institutions  of  learning  established  under  au- 
thority of  the  State.  Of  these  32  are  Colleges 
mostly  denominational ;  12  are  Schools  of  Med- 
icine ;  7  of  Theology ;  and  2  of  Law. 

What  is  known  as  the  "  Toledo  War,"  arose 
from  a  disagreement  between  the  State  of  Ohio 
and  tbe  United  States,  in  regard  to  the  bound- 
aiy  line  between  that  State  and  the  Territory 
of  Michigan.  Under  the  act  of  Congress  of 
1802,  authorizing  the  organization  of  the  State 
of  Ohio,  the  Northern  boundary  fixed  for  tbe 
same,  was  "  an  East  and  West  line  drawn 
through  the  Southern  extremity  of  Lake 
Michigan  running  East,  after  intersecting  the 
due  North  line  from  the  mouth  of  the  Miami 
(Maumee),  until  it  should  intersect  Lake  Erie 
on  the  Territorial  line;  and  thence,  with  the 
same,  through  Lake  Erie  to  the  Pennsylvania 
line."  In  1805  the  Territory  of  Michigan  was 
established  by  Congress,  and  its  Southern 
boundary  declared  to  be  "  a  line  drawn  East 
from  the  Southerly  bend  of  Lake  Michigan 
until  it  should  intersect  Lake  Erie,  and  East  of 
a  line  drawn  from  the  Southerly  bend  through 
the  middle  of  Lake  Erie  to  its  Northern  ex- 
tremity." The  two  lines  did  not  tigree,  a 
material  strip  of  land  lying  between  them, 
which  was  made  the  more  important  by  the 
fact,  that  it  included  the  mouth  of  the  Maumee 
Eiver  and  the  site  of  the  present  City  of  To- 
ledo. The  question  did  not  assume  its  full 
significance  until  1835,  when  the  State  of  Ohio 


found  it  necessary  to  fix  upon  a  Northern  outlet 
for  the  Miami  and  Erie  Canal,  then  in  the  course 
of  construction.  It  being  necessary  to  reach 
the  waters  of  Lake  Erie  within  the  disputed 
territory,  the  question  of  boundary  became 
ui'gent.  The  Territory  of  Michigan,  from  the 
first,  had  exercised  jurisdiction  over  this  strip, 
without  dispute.  In  1835  action  was  taken  by 
the  Ohio  authorities  looking  to  the  assertion 
of  its  claim  to  such  territory,  when  the  Mich- 
igan Territorial  Legislature  passed  an  act 
making  it  a  penal  oflfense  for  any  person  to 
assume  to  exercise  official  authority  there,  un- 
der color  of  any  other  authority  than  the  laws 
of  that  Territory.  This  action  was  followed 
by  the  erection  of  the  County  of  Lucas  by  the 
Ohio  Legislature,  to  include  the  disputed  strij). 
Following  this,  came  militaiy  demonstrations 
on  both  sides,  which  were  more  or  less  threat- 
ening. A  few  arrests  were  made  and  much 
liitterness  provoked  ;  but  the  matter  was  soon 
put  in  shape  for  adjustment,  by  referring  the 
disjJute  to  Congress.  The  result  was,  the  con- 
firmation of  the  Ohio  claim  and  the  admission 
of  Michigan  into  the  LTnion  with  an  extension 
of  its  Northern  boundarj'  to  include  the  upper 
peninsula  and  the  country  lying  along 'the 
shore  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  rich  mining 
region  of  that  section.* 

The  first  salt  manufactured  in  Ohio,  was 
made  on  tiie  Scioto  River,  as  early  as  1794, 
and  was  transported  by  pack-mules  across  the 
AUeghanj-  Mountains,  and  sold  at  86  to  $10 
per  bushel.  The  product  of  the  Scioto  salt- 
works in  1808  amounted  to  20,000  bushels,  and 
then  .sold  at  $3  per  bushel.  Stronger  brines 
appearing  elsewhere,  the  manufacture  at  that 
point  in  time  ceased.  The  salt-producing  sec- 
tions in  this  State  are  divided  as  follows : 
District  No.  1  —  Hocking  Valley  (Athens 
County).  No.  2 — Muskingum  Valley  (Morgan 
and  Muskingum  Counties).  No.  3 — Tuscara- 
was Valley  (Columbiana,  Guernsey  and  Tus- 
carawas Counties).  No.  4 — Ohio  River  Val- 
ley (Meigs  County,  Ohio,  and  Mason  County, 
W.  Va.)  Three-fourths  of  the  entire  product 
of  salt  in  these  districts,  is  made  in  District 
No.  4,  where  7,917,230  Inishels  were  manufac- 
tured in  1881.  The  depths  of  the  115  wells 
average  950  feet,  with  a  strength  of  brine  of 
36  5  jier  cent. 

*  The  subject  of  the  "  Toledo  War"  is  treated  more 
fully  in  a  subsequent  chapter  of  this  work. 


CONSTITUTION  OF  1851. 


9 


The  first  Eailroad  charter  granted  in  Ohio, 
was  that  of  the  Mad  Eiver  and  Lake  Erie 
Road,  to  connect  Sandusky  and  Dayton  (since 
the  Cincinnati,  Sandusky  and  C'levehmd  Road), 
enacted  June  2,  1832.  Other  charters  soon 
followed,  the  most  of  which  were  never  used. 
The  first  Railroad  operated  within  the  State, 
was  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo,  from  Toledo  to 
Adrian,  Mich.,  (33  miles),  and  now  constituting 
a  part  of  the  Lake  Shore  and  Michigan  South- 
ern Road.  Its  charter  was  granted  by  the 
Territorial  Legislature  of  Michigan  in  1832, 
when  the  entire  route  of  the  Road  was  under 
Michigan  jurisdiction.  It  was  opened  for  traffic 
during  the  fall  of  1836,  and  operated  by  horse- 
power, the  first  locomotive  being  used  the  next 
summer.  The  Sanduskj-  and  Dayton  Road 
was  finished  to  Bellevue  (16  miles),  in  1839. 
In  1841  the  Railway  mileage  in  Ohio  was  41 
miles  ;  572  in  1851  ;  3,024  in  1861  ;  and  3,457 
in  1871.  In  1881,  there  were  5,353  miles  of 
main  track,  356  miles  of  branches,  194  miles 
of  double  track,  and  1,185  miles  of  sidings,  etc., 
making  a  total  of  7,088  miles,  of  which  266 
miles  were  in  Hamilton.  258  in  Cuyahoga,  208 
in  Lucas  and  189  in  Franklin  County.  The  total 
taxable  valuation  of  these  Roads  was  then  $82,- 
713,780,  on  which  Sl,223,711  in  taxes  was  paid. 

The  first  Territorial  Delegate  from  the 
Northwest  in  Congress,  was  Gen.  Wm.  H.  Har- 
rison, elected  in  1799.  In  1800  he  resigned 
upon  being  appointed  Governor  of  the  Terri- 
tory of  Indiana,  and  William  McMillan,  also 
of  Hamilton  County,  was  chosen  as  his  suc- 
cessor. Paul  Fearing  of  Washington  County 
was  elected  in  1801,  who  served  until  the  State 
Government  went  into  operation,  when  Thomas 
Worthington  of  Ross,  and  John  Smith  of  Ham- 
ilton, as  Senators,  and  Jeremiah  Morrow  of 
Warren,  as  Representative,  represented  the 
State  in  Congress,  the  latter  continuing  as 
such  until  1813,  when  the  State  was  divided 
into  Congressional  Districts.  The  number  of 
these  at  this  time  (1886)  is  21. 

Amendments  to  the  State  Constitution  were 
added  from  time  to  time,  but  no  general  revi- 
sion thereof  was  made  until  the  Constitution 
of  1851  was  adopted.  The  changes  made  in 
the  form  and  mode  of  government  were  not 
numerous,  nor  very  important.  A  Lieutenant 
Governor  was  provided  and  made  elective  by 
the  people,  to  preside  over  the  Senate  and 
act  as  Governor  in  case  of  vacancy,  and  Pi-o- 


bate  Courts  for  the  several  Counties.  The 
limited  power  of  the  Governor  was  continued. 
Among  the  more  important  of  the  provisions 
of  this  Constitution,  was  that  forbidding  the 
granting  of  licenses  for  the  sale  of  intoxicating 
liquors,  which  was  a  departure  from  the  pre- 
ceding policy  of  the  State  in  that  regard.  A 
third  Constitutional  Convention  assembled  in 
1873,  adjourning  in  1874,  by  which  a  new  or- 
ganic law  was  framed,  after  a  session  of  188 
days,  but  it  fixiled  to  meet  the  popular  ap- 
proval at  a  succeeding  election.  The  work 
of  this  body  was  singularly  unsatisfactory  to 
the  people,  and  not  less  so  for  the  expense  of 
which  it  was  the  source.  The  entire  cost  of 
the  Convention  of  1802  did  not  reach  15,000  ; 
whereas,  the  official  report  of  the  proceed- 
ings and  debates  alone  in  1874  amounted  to 
$13,695.78,  the  aggregate  expense  being  but 
little  less  than  $200,000.  Special  amendments 
to  the  Constitution  have  been  submitted  to  the 
popular  vote  by  the  Legislature  from  time  to 
time,  .some  of  which  were  adopted  and  others 
rejected.  Notablj-  among  these  was  the  one 
approved  in  1883,  providing  for  a  system  of 
Circuit  State  Courts,  intermediate  between  the 
Common  Pleas  and  the  Supreme  Court,  and  de- 
signed to  facilitate  the  administration  of  justice 
by  relieving  the  latter  judicatory  of  its  im- 
practicable charge.  At  the  same  time,  were 
submitted  two  antagonistic  provisions  relating 
to  the  liquor  traffic,  one  for  a  license  system, 
under  direction  of  the  Legislature,  and  the 
other  for  utter  prohibition  of  the  manufacture 
or  sale  of  liquors  in  the  State.  The  result  was 
defeat  of  both  propositions.  In  this  connec- 
tion may  be  mentioned  two  separate  attempts 
by  the  Legislature  so  to  subject  the  liquor 
traffic  to  taxation  and  regulation,  as  should 
evade  the  prohibitoi-y  section  of  the  existing 
Constitution.  One  of  these  was  known  as  the 
"Pond"  and  the  other  as  the  "Scott"  law. 
Both  were  pronounced  unconstitutional  by 
the  Supreme  Court,  although  the  latter  act 
was  approved  by  that  Court  when  first  sub- 
mitted. At  the  session  of  1885-86,  a  third  act, 
looking  to  the  taxation  of  the  liquor  traflic, 
was  passed  by  the  Legislature.  It  is  known 
as  the  "Dow"  law,  and  in  its  general  scoj^e 
and  aim,  is  much  like  the  two  acts  already 
named.  ■  Its  constitutionality  was  challenged, 
but  the  Sujjreme  Court,  by  a  decision  rendered 
in  December,  1886,  affirmed  its  validity. 


10 


OUTLINE  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  OHIO. 


The  rif^ht  to  vote  in  Ohio  is  now  secured  to 
all  male  citizens,  without  regard  to  race,  color 
or  previous  condition  of  servitude,  provided 
they  be  21  years  of  age,  and  have  a  residence 
of  one  year  within  the  State,  30  days  in  the 
Coiintj-,  and  20  days  in  the  Township,  Village 
or  Ward  next  preceding  the  election.  The 
State  or  general  elections  are  held  on  the 
first  Tuesdaj-  after  the  first  Monday  in  JSTo- 
vemher  annually,  when  State,  District  and 
County  officers,  members  of  Congress  and  of 
the  Legislature  and  Presidential  electors  are 
chosen.  Elections  for  Township  and  Munici- 
pal officers  are  held  on  the  first  Monday  of 
April  annually. 

The  General  Assembly  consists  of  a  Senate 
ofSfi  members  and  a  House  of  Eepresentatives 
of  105  members,  both  chosen  for  two  3'ears. 
The  sessions  are  biennial,  although  they  are 
made  practically  annual  by  an  adjournment  to 
the  succeeding  January,  at  the  close  of  each 
regular  session.  The  Executive  officers  of  the 
State  consist  of  a  Governor,  with  a  salary  of 
$4,000 ;  a  Lieutenant  Governor,  salary,  $800  ; 
a  Secretary  of  State,  salary,  $2,000;  an  Au- 
ditor, salary,  $3,000;  a  Treasurer,  salary, 
$3,000  ;  a  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury,  salary, 
§2,000;  an  Attorney  General,  salary,  $1,500, 
and  fees;  and  a  Commissioner  of  Schools, 
salary,  $2,000.  Of  these  all  are  elected  for 
two  years,  except  the  Auditor,  whose  term  is 
four  years,  and  the  Comptroller  and  Commis- 
sioner of  Schools,  elected  for  three  years. 
The  Board  of  Public  Works,  three  in  number, 
are  chosen  for  three  years  each.  The  Com- 
missioner of  Eailroads  and  Telegraphs,  the 
Superintendent  of  Insurance,  the  Supervisor 
of  Public  Printing,  the  Gas  Commissioner  and 
the  State  and  Law  Librarians  are  appointed 
by  the  Governor,  by  and  with  the  advice  and 
consent  of  the  Senate.  The  State  Board  of 
Agriculture,  consisting  of  ten  members,  is 
chosen  by  a  Convention  of  Presidents  of  the 


County  Agricultural  Societies,  five  being  se- 
lected each  j-ear.  The  Supreme  Court  of  the 
State  consists  of  five  members,  one  elective 
each  year,  and  the  one  serving  on  his  fifth  year 
acting  as  Chief  Justice.  Their  salary  is  $3,000. 
There  are  nine  Common  Pleas  Di-stricts,  each 
having  three  sub-divisions,  in  which  are  pro- 
vided one  or  more  Judges,  according  to  the 
demands  of  the  ease.  The  Circuit  Court  pro- 
vided for  in  1883  consists  of  21  Judges,  with 
salaries  of  $4,000  each,  chosen  for  seven  Cir- 
cuits, who  hold  two  terms  of  Court  each  year. 
There  are  special  Superior  Courts  in  Cincin- 
nati, Cleveland,  Dayton  and  Xenia.  Justices 
of  the  Peace,  elected  for  each  Township,  have 
exclusive  jurisdiction  in  civil  actions  in  which 
not  more  than  8100  is  involved,  and  concur- 
rent jurisdiction  with  the  Common  Pleas  in 
cases  of  $100  to  $300.  By  act  of  Congress  the 
State  is  divided  into  two  Districts  for  United 
States  Courts,  which  are  held,  the  one  for 
Southern  Ohio  at  Cincinnati,  and  the  other, 
for  Northern  Ohio,  at  Cleveland  and  Toledo. 
Besides,  Federal  Circuit  Courts  ai-e  held  in 
each  of  these  Districts. 

Under  the  laws  of  Ohio,  a  married  woman 
may  hold,  free  from  claim  by  her  husband  or 
his  creditors,  all  property  belonging  to  her  at 
the  time  of  their  marriage  or  afterward  ac- 
quired bj'  her  by  gift,  bequest  or  inheritance, 
or  by  purchase  with  her  own  separate  means, 
and  may,  by  will  or  otherwise,  dispose  of  such 
property.  Like  control  over  her  earnings  is 
possessed  by  her.  Divorces  may  be  granted 
for  three  j-ears'  desertion,  for  adultery,  impo- 
tence, extreme  cruelty,  fraudulent  contract  of 
marriage,  gross  neglect  of  duty,  habitual 
drunkenness  for  three  years,  or  imprisonment 
under  criminal  sentence.  The  legal  rate  of 
interest  is  six  per  cent.,  and  not  to  exceed 
eight  per  cent,  may  be  agreed  upon  in  writing, 
while  six  per  cent,  maj-  be  recovered  where 
more  than  eight  has  been  contracted. 


CHAPTER    II. 


BENEVOLENT  AND  EEFOEMATOEY  INSTITUTIONS. GEOLOGICAL    SUEVEY. THE    OHIO    PEESS. OHIO 

IN    THE    WAR    OF    THE    EEBELLION.  —  GOVEENORS. GLASS    AND    IRON    MANUFACTURES. CLI- 
MATE.  POPULATION  OF  STATE  AND  CITIES. —  THE  "  BUCKEYE  STATE." —  HISTORICAL  BREVITIES. 


LIBEEAL  provision  for  the  care  of  the  un- 
fortunate classes  has  been  made  by  Ohio. 
As  early  as  1829,  and  far  in  advance  of  many 
older  States,  an  Asj'lum  for  the  Deaf  and 
Dumb  was  established.  This  was  followed  by 
an  Asylum  for  the  Blind,  in  1837,  one  for  the 
Insane  in  1839,  one  for  Idiots  in  1857,  a  Keform 
School  for  Boys  in  1857,  an  Industrial  Home 
for  Girls  in  18(39 ;  to  which  have  been  added 
five  asylums  for  the  insane — the  Northern,  at 
Cleveland;  the  Southern,  at  Dayton;  the 
Southeastern,  at  Athens;  the  Longview,-at 
Cincinnati;  and  the  Northwestern,  at  Toledo, 
the  latter  to  succeed  the  Lucas  (lounty  Asylum. 
The  Longview  Asylum,  while  belonging  to 
Hamilton  County,  is  largely  occupied  by  State 
patients.  Both  white  and  colored  insane  are 
treated  there.  The  Eefbrm  School  for  Boys  is 
situated  on  a  tract  of  1,170  aci-es,  si.x  miles 
South  of  Lancaster.  The  inmates  are  boys  sent 
there  for  crime  or  misdemeanor,  and  besides 
receiving  literary  instruction,  the}^  are  em- 
ployed in  farm  and  other  industrial  work.  The 
average  detention  of  them  is  about  two  and 
one-half  years.  The  Industrial  Home  is  at 
White  Sulphur  Springs,  Delaware  County,  on 
a  tract  of  189  acres  of  land.  The  inmates  are 
girls  sent  by  authority  of  Probate  Courts  for 
reasons  of  viciousness  and  incorrigibility,  or 
for  want  of  proper  parental  care.  At  the  ses- 
sion of  the  Legislature  for  1885-86,  provision 
was  made  for  an  Intermediate  Penitentiary, 
for  the  incarceration  of  con  victs  for  first  offense, 
and  for  crimes  of  lesser  turpitude,  the  prison 
being  located  at  Mansfield. 

The  first  geological  survey  of  the  State  was 
made  in  1837-8,  under  direction  of  Prof  W.  W. 
Mather.  A  second  and  more  full  survey  was 
begun  in  18G9,and  completed  in  1874,  by  Prof. 
J.  S.  Newberry,  assisted  by  E.  B.  Andrews, 
Edward  Orton  and  John  H.  Klippart. 

As  shown  by  the  census  of  1880,  there  were 
then  in  Ohio  774  newspapers,  of  which  683 
were  printed  in  the  English  language,  89  in 
the  German,  one  in  the  French  and  one  in  the 
Bohemian  language.     There  were  57  religious 


papers,  published  for  17  different  denomina- 
tions. Of  the  whole,  56  were  issued  daily,  584 
weekly,  and  the  balance  at  various  periods,  90 
being  monthly.  Their  aggregate  circulation 
per  issue  in  1879,  was  3,093,931  copies,  of  which 
216,336  were  by  dailies,  and  2,877,595  by  week- 
lies and  others. 

Few  States  responded  as  promptly  or  as 
freel}'  to  the  call  of  the  Government  for  troops 
in  defense  of  the  Union,  as  did  Ohio.  Her  vol- 
unteers were  among  the  first  at  the  front,  and 
throughout  the  struggle  their  numbers  v^rere 
kept  well  filled,  while  their  service  was  credit- 
able alike  to  them  and  to  the  State  they  repre- 
sented. The  whole  number  of  troops  furnished 
by  this  State  for  the  Union  Army  was  317,133, 
or,  reduced  to  the  three-years' standard,  239,976, 
making  an  aggregate  of  719,928  years'  service. 
Besides  these,  were  large  numbers  of  local 
troops,  doing  temporary  service  within  the  State 
and  on  the  border.  It  so  happened  that  Ohio 
was  made  even  more  conspicuous  in  the  War 
for  the  Union  by  the  relations  which  many  of 
its  most  distinguished  leaders  bore  to  the  State, 
among  whom  may  be  named  Generals  Grant, 
McPherson,  Sherman,  Sheridan,  Eosecrans, 
Garfield,  and  others  of  more  or  less  renown. 

The  Governors  of  Ohio  and  years  of  service 
have  been  as  follows  :  Arthur  St.  Clair,  1788- 
1802 ;  Charles  W.  Byrd,  1802-1803 ;  Edward 
Tiffin,  1803-1807  ;  Thomas  Kirker,  1807-1808  ; 
Samuel  Huntington,  1808-1810;  Eeturn  J. 
Meigs,  1810-1814;  Othniel  Looker,  1814; 
Thomas  Worthington,  1814-1818  ;  Ethan  Allen 
Brown,  1818-1822;  Allen  Trimble,  1822  ;  Jere- 
miah Morrow,  1822-1826  ;  Allen  Trimble,  1826- 
1830;  Duncan  McArthur,  1830-1832;  Eobert 
Lucas,  1832-1836  ;  Joseph  Vance,  1836-1838  ; 
Wilson  Shannon,  1838-1840  ;  Thomas  Corwin, 
1840-1842;  Wilson  Shannon,  1842-1844  ;  Thos. 
W.  Bartley,  1844  ;  Mordecai  Bartley,  1844-1846  ; 
William  Bebb,  1846-1848  ;  Seabury  Ford,  1848- 
1850 ;  Eeuben  Wood,  1850-1854 ;  William  Me- 
dill,  1854-1856  ;  Salmon  P.  Chase,  1856-1860  ; 
William  Dennison,  1860-1862;  David  Tod, 
1862-1864;  John  Brouffh,   1864-1865;    Charles 


12 


OUTLINE  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  OHIO. 


Anderson,  1865-186(J;  Jacob  D.  Cox,  18B6-1868; 
Rutherford  B.  Hayes,  1868-1872  ;  Edward  F. 
Noyes,  1872-1874;  William  Allen,  1874-1876; 
Eutheriord  B.  Hayes,  1876-1877;  Thomas  L. 
Young,  1877-1878;  Richard  M.  Bishop,  1878- 
1880  ;"charles  Foster,  1880-1884 ;  George  Hoad- 
ley,  1884-1886;  and  J.  B.  Foraker,  1886 . 

The  earliest  record  of  glass-making  in  Ohio, 
is  of  date  of  1817,  when  ten  glass-houses  were 
in  operation  in  the  State.  None  were  reported 
by  the  census  of  1840  ;  but  six  were  found  in 
1850,  four  in  1860,  and  nine  in  1870.  The 
number  in  1880  was  20,  with  a  capital  of 
81,194,850,  employing  1,688  hands,  with  a  total 
product  of  S],.'i49,:!2(l. 

The  first  venture  in  the  iron  industry  in 
Oliio  was  that  of  Daniel  Heaton,  in  1804.  His 
furnace  stood  in  Poland  Townshij),  now  Mahon- 
ing County,  where  the  present  furnace  of  the 
Struthers  Furnace  Company  stands.  The  next 
furnace  in  the  State  was  that  Robert  Mont- 
gomery and  John  Struthers  built  in  1806.  Of 
these  establishments  Mr.  Struthers  said : 
"  These  furnaces  were  of  about  equal  capacit}-, 
and  would  yield  two  and  a  half  or  three  tons 
per  day.  The  metal  was  principally  run  into 
moulds  for  kettles,  bake-ovens,  flat-irons, 
stoves,  andirons  and  other  such  articles  as  the 
needs  of  a  new  settlement  required,  and  any 
surplus  into  pigs,  and  sent  to  the  Pittsburgh 
market."  The  Struthers  furnace  closed  in 
1S07,  and  the  Montgomery  in  1812,  by  the 
drafting  of  its  men  into  the  arm3\  The  next 
venture  of  this  sort  was  at  Niles,  Trumbull 
County,  in  18119,  by  James  Heaton,  where  was 
produced  the  first  hammered  bars  in  Ohio. 
Subsequently,  at  various  dates,  furnaces  ap- 
peared— in  1816  at  Middlebury  and  at  Tall- 
madge,  now  Summit  County  ;  in  Madison,  now 
Lake  County  (the  '■  Arcole  "  furnace),  in  1825  ; 
and  in  Ashtabula,  Cuyahoga,  Huron  (now  in 
Erie),  and  in  Lorain  Counties.  These  Lake 
siiore  establishments  sprung  from  the  deposits 
of  bog-ore  found  in  swales  and  swamps  near, 
and  generally  to  the  North  of  a  ridge  of  land 
which  was  probably  once  the  shore  of  Lake 
Erie,  and  extended,  with  some  interruptions, 
from  the  New  York  State  line  to  the  Huron 
River,  the  Westernmost  furnace  having  been  in 
Vermillion  Township,  now  Brie  County.  One 
after  another,  these  establishments  were  sus- 
pended, in  consequence  of  the  increasing  cost 
of  charcoal,  their  only  fuel,  and  the  cheaper 


product  of  regions  possessing  bituminous  coal 
and  larger  deposits  of  iron.  The  first  use  of 
the  new  fuel  in  the  State,  was  at  Lowell,  Ma 
honing  County,  by  Wilkeson,  Wilkes  &  Co.,  in 
a  blast  furnace  which  was  blown  in  on  the  8th 
of  August,  1846  This  use  of  uncoked  coal  was 
followed  by  like  use  at  various  charcoal  fur- 
naces in  the  Mahoning  valley  and  elsewhere. 
The  discovery  of  the  coal  fields  of  Ohio  and  of 
the  iron  ores  of  Lake  Superior,  joined  to  stim- 
ulate the  iron  product  in  this  State  to  a  high 
degree,  the  latter  article  being  found  highly 
valuable  for  mixture  with  Ohio  ores.  The  first 
rolling  mill  in  Cleveland  (in  1855)  was  a  plate- 
mill,  worked  a  direct  ore  process,  but  was  not 
a  success.  Rails  were  first  re-rolled  at  Cleveland 
in  1856.  In  the  census  of  1870  and  1880,  Ohio 
stands  second  in  rank  as  an  iron-producing 
State.  The  latter  return  shows  that  there  were 
then  in  the  State  134  iron  and  steel  manufacto- 
ries, with  a  capital  of  $25,144,294;  emploj'ing 
20,900  hands,  at  an  annual  cost  of  88,265,070 
in  wages,  with  $34,918,360  worth  of  products. 
Pennsylvania  had  366  establishments,  with 
58,000  hands,  and  $145,576,268  in  products. 

Tlie  climate  of  Ohio  is  subject  to  material 
changes,  the  extremes  in  temperature  being 
from  16°  below  zero  to  100"  above,  showing  a 
range  of  116°.  The  annual  mean  at  Cleveland 
for  ten  years  was  49.77° — that  of  January 
being  27.36'-',  and  that  of  July,  72.57°,  showing 
the  annual  range  to  be  45.21°.  At  'Cincinnati, 
the  average  for  sixteen  j'ears  was  found  to  be 
54.67°;  the  mean  for  January  31.20°,  and  for 
July  78.61°.  The  annual  precipitation  ranges 
from  33.24  inches  at  Kelley's  Island,  to  44.87  at 
Cincinnati.  Observations  for  ten  years  at  Cleve- 
land, bj'CI.  A.  Hyde,  showed  tlie  annual  maxi- 
mum fall  to  be  48.91  inches  in  1866,  and  the 
minimum  to  be  30.76  in  1863. 

The  population  of  the  State  and  its  rank  in 
the  Union  as  to  population,  as  shown  b}-  the 
Federal  census,  have  been  as  follows  : 


YE.1R. 

White. 

Colored. 

Total. 

Rank. 

1800 

45,028 

228,861 

.37fi..".72 

928,329 

1,502,122 

1,955,050 

2,302,,S08 

2,601,946 

3,117,920 

337 

1,899 

4,723 

9,574 

17,345 

25,279 

36,673 

63,213 

79.900 

45,365 

2.30,760 

581,295 

937,903 

1,519,467 

1,980,329 

2,339,511 

2,665,260 

3,198,062 

1810 

13 

1S20 

1830 

4 
3 

1840 , 

1850 

1860 

1870.. 

3 

1880 

3 

POPULATION  OF  STATE  AND  CITIES. 


13 


There  are  in  Ohio  88  Counties,  having  pop- 
nhilion  in  1880  and  1870,  as  follows: 


State. 


Adams 

Allen 

Ashland 

Ashtabula... 

Athens 

Aujilaize  — 

Belmont 

Brown 

Butler.. 

Carroll 

Champaign  . 

Clarke 

Clermont 

Clinton 

Columbiana. 
Coshocton... 

Crawford 

Cuyahoga  ... 

Darke  

Defiance 

Delaware 

Erie 

Kairiield 

Fayette 

Franklin. •..- 

Fulton 

Gallia 

Geauga 

Greene 

Guernsey 

Hamilton  ... 

Hancock  

Hardin 

Harrison  ... 

Henry 

Highland  ... 

Hocking 

Holmes 

Huron 

Jackson  

.lefferson 

Knox 

I^ake 

Lawrence  ... 

Licking 

Logan  ..: 

Lorain 

Lucas 

Madison 

Mahoning... 

Marion 

Medina 

Meigs. 


fiercer  

Miami 

Monroe 

Montgomery 

Morgan 

Morrow 

Muskingum. 

Noble 

Ottawa 

Paulding 

Perry 

Pickaway  

Pike....'. 

Portage 

Preble , 

Putnam 


1880. 


Total.    White.   Col'd 


3,198,062 


•24,005 
31,314 
28,883 
37,139 
28,411 
25,444 
49,638 
32,911 
42,579 
lt;,416 
27..S17 
41,948 
36,713 
24,7.56 
48,602 
26,642 
30,583 

196,943 
40,496 
22,515 
27,381 
32,640 
34,284 
20,364 
86,797 
21,053 
28,124 
14,251 
31,849 
27,197 

313,374 
27,784 
27,023 
20,4.56 
20,.585 
30,281 
21,126 
20,776 
31,609 
23,688 
33,018 
27,431 
16,.326 

3a,ui;8 

40,4.50 
26,267 
35,.526 
67,377 
20,129 
42,871 
20,565 
21,4.53 
32,325 
21,808 
36,1.58 
26,496 
78,,5.50 
20,074 
19,072 
49,774 
21,138 
19,762 
13,485 
28,218 
27,415 
17,927 
27,500 
24,533 
23,713 


3,117,920  79,900 


23,662 
.30,800 
23,843 
36,875 
27,236 
25,375 
48,007 
30,595 
41,435 
16,355 
26,145 
38,366 
34,895 
23,293 
47,918 
26,682 
30,475 

194,735 
39,917 
22,371 
26,770 
32,170 
33,881 
18,919 
82,846 
20,998 
25,178 
14,240 
26.774 
26,611 

.302,793 
27,632 
26,381 
19,809 
20,552 
28,515 
20,921 
20,774 
31,.357 
22,774 
31,835 
27,128 
16,174 
37,319 
40,077 
25,210 
.34,361 
66,281 
19,046 
42,419 
20,868 
21,417 
30,527 
21,502 
34,984 
26,416 
77,234 
19,881 
18,928 
48,446 
21,044 
19,726 
12,838 
28,127 
26,140 
16,700 
27,356 
24,051 
23,619 


343 

510 

40 

263 

1,170 

69 

1,631 

2,316 

1.140 

61 

1,661 

3,5,S0 

1.817 

1,468 

684 

59 

108 

2,175 

579 

144 

610 

468 

403 

1,444 

3,936 

55 

2,945 

11 

4,553 

586 

10,633 

152 

840 

647 

33 

1,763 

205 

251 

912 

1,183 

302 

152 

1,746 

370 

1.057 

1,169 

1,093 

1,083 

449 

197 

36 

1,798 

306 

1,172 

80 

1,310 

193 

143 

1,329 

94 

33 

647 

91 

1,2.52 

1,227 

144 

482 

94 


1870. 


Total.    White.  Col'd 


2,665,260 


20,7.50 
23,623 
21,933 
32,517 
23.768 
20,041 
39,714 
30,802 
39,912 
14,491 
24,188 
32,070 
34,268 
21,914 
:W,299 
23,600 
25,.556 
132,010 
32,278 
15,719 
25,175 
28,188 
31,138 
17,170 
63,019 
17,789 
25,.545 
14,190 
28,078 
23,838 
260,-370 
23,847 
18,714 
18,682 
14,028 
29,1.33 
17,925 
18,177 
28,532 
21,759 
29,188 
26,333 
15,935 
31,380 
36,7.56 
23,028 
30,308 
46,722 
15,633 
31,001 
10,184 
20,092 
31,456 
17.2.54 
32,740 
25,779 
64,006 
20,363 
18,583 
44,886 
19,949 
13,364 
8,544 
18,4.53 
24,875 
15,447 
24,,584 
21,809 
17,081 


!,601,946 


20,377 
23,410 
21,907 
32,365 
22.'.)95 
19,979 
38,406 
28,735 
38,921 
14,433 
23,078 
30,014 
32,638 
20,769 
37,814 
23,567 
25,454 
130,564 
31,717 
15,608 
24,618 
27,845 
30,824 
16,095 
60,251 
17,766 
22,743 
14,169 
24,199 
23,493 
2.52,934 
23,730 
18,440 
18,197 
14,017 
27,449 
17,783 
18.173 
28,332 
20,970 
28,183 
26,144 
15,835 
30,120 
35,513 
22,066 
29.196 
45,944 
14,928 
30,744 
16,087 
20,042 
29,841 
16,810 
31,691 
26,676 
68.197 
20,127 
18,440 
43,719 
19,864 
13,272 
8.069 
18,366 
23,7115 
14,304 
24,479 
21,390 
17,008 


63,213 


373 
213 
26 
151 
773 
61 

1,307 

2,067 
988 
.58 

1,110 

2,056 

1,629 

1,145 
485 
33 
101 

1,445 
.561 
111 
5.57 
342 
314 

1,074 

2,768 
23 

2.802 
21 

3,815 
345 

7,4.32 

117 

274 

485 

11 

1,684 

142 

4 

200 

789 

1,005 
186 
100 

1,241 
243 
962 

1,106 
776 
705 
257 
97 
50 

1,624 
444 

1,049 
103 
809 
236 
143 

1,166 

85 

92 

475 

80 

1,080 

1,142 

105 

419 

73 


Richland... 

Ross 

Sandusky  .. 

Scioto  - 

Seneca  

Shelby 

Stark 

Summit 

Trumbull .. 
Tuscarawas 

Union 

Van  Wert  .. 

Vinton 

Warren 

Washington., 

Wayne 

Williams.. 

Wood 

Wyandot.. 


1880. 


Total.     White.  Col'd 


36,306 
40,307 
32,057 
33,511 
36,947 
24,137 
64,031 
43,788 
44,880 
40,198 
22,375 
23,028 
17.223 
28,392 
43,244 
40,076 
23,821 
34,022 
22,395 


36,119 
37,020 
31,863 
32,352 
36,806 
23,602 
63,738 
43,397 
44,635 
40,052 
21,971 
22,539 
17,011 
27,109 
42,000 
39,892 
23,787 
33,868 
22,222 


186 

3,286 

194 

1,1.59 

141 

535 

292 

384 

245 

146 

404 

476 

212 

1,283 

1,243 

183 

34 

132 

171 


1870. 


Total.     White.  Col'd 


32,516 
37,097 
25,503 
29,302 
30,827 
20,748 
52,508 
34,674 
38,659 
38,840 
18,730 
15,823 
15,027 
26,689 
40,609 
35,116 
20,991 
24,  .596 
18,553 


32,372 
33,862 
25,360 
28,289 
30,668 
20,142 
52,190 
34,373 
38,425 
33,724 
18,387 
15,619 
14,819 
25,511 
39,551 
35,061 
20,949 
24,553 
18,462 


144 

3,230 
143 
1,013 
159 
600 
318 
299 
233 
116 
343 
204 
208 
1,178 
1,058 
55 
42 
43 
82 


POPULATION    OP    CITIES    IN    OHIO, 
Having  4,000  inhabitants  and  over  in  1880  and  1870 : 


Name  of 
Place. 


Akron 

Alliance 

Ashtabula... 

Bellaire 

Canton 

Chillicothe . . 
Cincinnati .. 
Circleville... 
Cleveland ... 
Columbus... 

Dayton 

Defiance 

Delaware 

EastLiverpool 

Flyria .-. 

Findlay 

Fremont 

Gallon 

Gallipolis 

Hamilton 

Ironton 

Lancaster 

Lima 

Mansfield 

Marietta.' 

Massillon 

Middletown.. 
Mt.  Vernon  .. 

Newark 

Norwalk 

Piqua 

Pomeroy 

Portsmouth  .. 

Salem 

Sandusky 

Springfield  . . . 
Steubenville  . 

Tiffin 

Toledo 

Urbana 

Van  Wert 

Warren 

Wooster 

Xenia 

Youngstown  . 
Zanesville 


1880. 


Total.  Native.  Foreign 


16,512 

4,636 

4,445 

8,025 

12,258 

10,938 

2.55,139 

6,046 

160,146 

56,647 

38,678 

5,907 

6,894 

5,568 

4,777 

4,633 

8,446 

5,635 

4,400 

12,122 

8,857 

6,803 

7,567 

9,859 

5,444 

6,836 

4,538 

5,249 

9,600 

5,704 

6,031 

5,.560 

11,321 

4,041 

15,838 

20,730 

12,093 

7,876 

50,137 

6,252 

4,079 

4,428 

5,840 

7,026 

16,435 

18,113 


12,901 

4,159 

3,652 

6,873 

10,315 

9,295 

183,480 

5,543 

100,737 

42,576 

31,432 

4,751 

6,006 

4,612 

3,667 

4,255 

7,077 

4,765 

4,144 

9,587 

7,647 

6,087 

6,614 

8,371 

4,788 

5,381 

3,821 

4,735 

8,424 

4,842 

5,159 

4,467 

9,695 

3,731 

1,128 

17,646 

10,150 

6,650 

35,778 

5,579 

3,871 

3,732 

5,233 

6,436 

10,678 

15,996 


3,611 

477 

793 

1,152 

1,943 

1,643 

71,659 

503 

59,409 

9,071 

7,240 

1,156 

888 

956 

1,110 

383 

1,369 

870 

2.56 

2,536 

1,210 

716 

953 

1,488 

656 

1,455 

717 

514 

1,176 

862 

872 

1,102 

1,6'26 

301 

4,555 

3,084 

1,943 

1,224 

14,349 

673 

208 

696 

607 

590 

4,757 

2,111 


1870. 


Total, 


10,006 
4,063 
1,999 
4,033 
8,660 
8,920 
216,239 
5,407 

92,829 

31,247 

30,473 
2,750 
5,641 
2,105 
3,038 
3,315 
5,485 
3,523 
3,711 

11,081 
5,686 
4,725 
4,500 
8,029 
5,218 
5,185 
3,046 
4,876 
6,698 
4,498 
5,967 
5,824 

10,592 
3,700 

13,000 

12,652 
8,107 
5,648 

31,584 
4,276 
2,625 
3,457 
5,419 
6,377 
8,075 

10,011 


Native.  Foreign 


7,402 

2,604 

3,496 

668 

1,638 

361 

3,165 

668 

7,037 

1,623 

7,111 

1,809 

136,627 

79,012 

4,845 

862 

54,014 

38,815 

23,603 

7,611 

23,060 

7,423 

2,072 

678 

4,739 

902 

1,613 

402 

2,339 

669 

2,898 

417 

4,383 

1,072 

2,814 

709 

3,456 

255 

8,019 

3,062 

4,604 

1,082 

4,005 

720 

3,832 

668 

6,507 

1,522 

4,353 

865 

3,952 

1,233 

2,476 

570 

4,327 

546 

5,413 

1,285 

3,666 

832 

4,840 

1,127 

4,173 

1,651 

8,530 

2,062 

3,420 

280 

8.396 

4,604 

10,483 

2,169 

6,460 

1,647 

4,490 

1,168 

20,486 

11,099 

3,6,32 

644 

2,487 

138 

2,896 

861 

4,730 

689 

5,686 

691 

5,258  j 

2,817 

8,448 

1,663 

14 


OUTLINE  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  OHIO. 


On  tho  occasion  of  the  45th  anniversary 
of  the  settlement  of  Cincinnati,  December  26, 
1833,  a  "  Buckeye  dinner  "  was  given.  Dr. 
Daniel  Drake,  one  of  the  oldest  and  most  intel- 
ligent physicians  of  the  West,  gave  an  ingen- 
ious and  luunorous  description  of  the  Buckeye 
tree.  He  said  it  belonged  to  a  family,  of  which 
but  few  existed.  It  was  of  the  genus  ^scidus, 
belonged  to  the  class  He-ptandria,  signifying 
"  seven  men,"  and  there  were  seven  species  of 
the  genus,  of  which  the  Ohio  species  was  the  last 
discovered.  Neither  Europe  nor  Africa  has  a 
native  species  of  ^senilis,  and  Asia  but  one, 
the  ^sciilus-Bippocastanvm,  or  horse  chestnut. 
Nearly  300  years  previous,  a  minister  from  a 
Court  in  Western  Europe,  found  this  tree 
growing  in  Moscow,  whither  it  had  been 
brought  from  Siberia,  and,  struck  by  its 
beauty,  naturalized  it  in  his  own  country, 
where  it  flourished  and  spread  rapidlj-,  reach- 
ing England,  where  it  became  a  favorite.  Dr. 
Drake  said  the  qualities  of  our  native  "  Ohio- 
ensis,"  the  "  horse  chestnvit,"  made  it  the  fit 
representative  of  the  hardy  pioneers  of  the 
"Buckeye  State."  It  is  eminently  prolific, 
hardy,  beautiful  in  leaf  and  blossom,  a  native, 
and  grew  nowhere  else  until  transplanted,  as 
it  had  been  to  considerable  extent.  Its  slow- 
ness in  combustion  made  it  specially  valuable 
to  the  pioneers  for  "  back-logs  "  in  their  ample 
cabin  fire-places,  where  it  survived  the  burning 
of  several  supplies  of  "  fore-sticks  "  and  accom- 
panying fuel.  The  medicinal  qualities  of  the 
Buckeye  are  such,  that  if  skillfully  used,  it  is 
useful  in  fever  and  agae,  but  unskillfully  em- 
ployed, it  is  a  violent  emetic.  As  the  earliest 
tree  in  foliage  each  spring,  it  was  a  fitting  em- 
blem of  the  advance-guard  of  the  present 
millions  in  the  "  Buckeye  State." 

A  few  of  the  more  prominent  facts  in  the 
history  of  Ohio  may  be  stated  as  follows : 

The  first  permanent  settlement  within  the 
bounds  of  the  State  was  made  at  Marietta  early 
in  the  year  1788,  and  the  second  settlement 
at  what  was  known  as  Columbia,  near  to  the 
present  site  of  Cincinnati,  was  made  in  the 
latter  part  of  the  same  year. 

The  establishment  of  a  Territorial  Govern- 
ment was  made  by  Congress  in  1787,  and  was 
organized  in  July,  1788. 

The  first  and  only  Territorial  Governor  was 
General  Arthur  St.  Clair. 

The   first   County  established  in  Ohio    was 


Washington,  by  proclamation  of  Governor  St. 
Clair,  July  26,  1788.  The  three  next  Counties 
organized  were  Hamilton,  Wayne  and  Adams, 
that  of  Wayne  embracing  all  that  portion  of 
Michigan  south  of  Mackinaw. 

The  first  Court  held  within  the  State  of 
Ohio  met  at  Marietta,  September  2,  1788. 

The  battle  most  disastrous  to  the  peace  and 
welfare  of  the  white  settlers  was  that  of  Gov- 
ernor St.  Clair  by  the  Indians,  November  4, 
1791,  within  the  limits  of  Darke  County. 

The  most  important  victory  gained  over  the 
Indians  was  that  of  General  Anthony  Wayne, 
at  Fallen  Timbers,  on  the  Maumee  Kiver,  and 
now  within  the  County  of  Lucas,  August,  1794. 

The  first  Territorial  Legislature  met  at  Cin- 
cinnati, Sejjtember  16,  1799. 

The  State  of  Connecticut,  May  30,  1801, 
ceded  to  the  United  States  her  claim  to  the 
territory  since  known  as  the  Connecticut 
Western  Eeserve,  extending  from  the  Pennsyl- 
vania line  to  the  Western  boundary'  of  Huron 
County,  and  embracing,  substantially,  the 
Counties  of  Ashtabula,  Trumbull,  Lake,  Sum- 
mit, Geauga,  Cuyahoga,  Lorain,  Medina,  Hu- 
ron and  Erie. 

The  first  State  Constitution  was  formed  No- 
vember, 1802,  at  Chillicothe,  which  had  be- 
come the  Capital  of  the  Territory. 

The  first  State  election  took  place  in  Jan- 
uary, 1803,  the  new  State  Government  being 
in  operation  in  March,  following. 

What  was  known  as  the  "  Burr  Conspiracy," 
compassing  the  separation  of  the  Southwestern 
States  and  their  union  with  Mexico,  to  be 
seized  by  military  and  naval  foi'ce,  was  fully 
organized  and  entered  upon  in  the  year  1806, 
and  ended  in  the  arrest  of  Burr  and  several 
associates  in  January,  1807. 

The  most  important  events  in  connection 
with  the  war  of  1812-15,  and  occurring  within 
the  limits  of  Ohio,  consisted  of  the  successful 
defense  of  Fort  Meigs,  in  May,  and  of  Fort  Ste- 
phenson, in  August,  1813,  and  the  victory  of 
Perry  over  the  British  fleet,  in  SejJtember, 
same  year. 

The  permanent  location  of  the  State  Capital 
at  Columbus  was  made  in  1816. 

The  formal  "breaking  of  ground"  in  the 
commencement  of  the  great  system  of  State 
Canals,  took  place  at  Newark,  a  point  on  the 
Ohio  Canal  (Cleveland  to  Portsmouth),  July 
4,  1825.     Present  and  taking  part- in  the  cere- 


HISTORICAL  BREVITIES. 


15 


monies,  were  Governor  Jeremiah  Morrow  of 
Ohio,  and  Governor  DeWitt  Clinton,  of  New 
York. 

The  first  definite  steps  toward  a  system  of 
Public  Schools,  were  taken  in  1825. 

The  first  Railway   opened  within  the  State 
•was  the  Erie  &  Kalamazoo  Road,  in  the  fall  of 
1836.     It   extended   from    Toledo   to   Adrian, 
Mich.,  a  distance  of  33  miles. 

Ohio  has  furnished  four  Presidents  of  the 
United  States — William  H.  Harrison,  Ulysses 
S.  Grant,  Rutherford  B.  Hayes  and  James  A. 
Garfield,  the  first  and  the  last  named  of  whom 
died  in  oifice,  the  former  after  a  service  of  one 
month,  and  the  latter  six  months  after  his  in- 
auguration. One  Vice-President,  Hendricks, 
of  Indiana,  was  a  native  of  Ohio.  Two  Chief 
Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 
States  were  apjiointed  from  Ohio — Salmon  P. 
Chase  and  Morrison  R.  Waite ;  as  were  three 
Associate  Justices  of  the  same— John  McLean, 
Noah  H.  Swayneand  Stanley  Matthews.  Four 
Secretaries  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States 
— Thomas  Ewing,  Thomas  Corwin,  S.  P.  Chase 
and  John  Sherman — were  citizens  of  Ohio 
while  holding  such  ofiice.  Of  such  were  three 
Secretaries  of  the    Interior — Thomas    Ewing, 


Jacob  D.  Cox  and  Columbus  Delano ;  throe 
Secretaries  of  War — John  McLean,  Benjamin 
Stanton  and  Alphonso  Taft;  two  Attorneys 
General — Henry  Stanbery  and  Alfonso  Taft, 
and  three  Postmasters  General — Return  J. 
Meigs,  John  McLean  and  William  Dennison. 

Of  those  prominent  in  the  military  service 
of  the  United  States  during  the  War  of  the 
Rebellion  (1861-65),  the  following  were  from 
Ohio :  U.  S.  Grant,  James  B.  McPherson, 
William  T.  Sherman,  Phillip  H.  Sheridan, 
George  B.  McClellan,  Irwin  McDowell,  Quincy 
A.  Gilmore,  Wager  Swayne,  James  B.  Steed- 
man  and  the  McCook  Brothers. 

Among  others  from  Ohio  renowned  for  suc- 
cess in  their  respective  spheres  of  activity,  ai'e 
Thomas  A.  Edison,  the  first  Electrician  of  the 
age ;  Dr.  Hall,  the  great  Arctic  Explorer ; 
Professor  O.  M.  Mitchell,  the  Astronomer,  who 
died  in  the  military  service  of  his  country. 
Of  eminent  Divines,  may  here  be  named  Dr. 
Lyman  Beecher,  of  the  Congregational  Church; 
Bishops  Philander  Chase  and  Charles  P.  McU- 
vaine,  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  ; 
Bishop  Edward  Thompson,  of  the  Methodist 
Ejjiscopal  Church,  and  President  Finney,  of 
Oberlin  College. 


t 


PART    I  I. 

LOCALITY. 


CIIArTER    I. 


TOPOGEAP IIY.* GEOLOGICAL    STRUCTURE. 


•  SURFACE   GEOLOGY.  —  SOILS.  —  ECONOMIC   GEOLOGY. 


JtAUMEE. 


THE  surface  of  Lucas  County  is  nearly  flat,  further  exposed  in  the  road  West  of  the  \'il- 

From  the  shore  of  Lake  Erie  there  is  an  lage,  so  as  to  afford  tiie  following  section  : 

almost    imperceptible    ascent    to    the    Western  Alternations  of  hard  gray,  aud  soft  drab  limestone.s,  botl/^"- 

boundary,  which  has  an  elevation  of  from  90  thin-bedded « 

to    130     feet.       The     Lake     coast     is     low,     and  ^''^'^^ive  buff  limestone,  in  part  breeciated,  witt>  many 

'  .small,  lenticular  cavities,  and  some  chert  nodules.-        30 

guarded  by  a  sand  beach.    The  Maumee  Eiver,      Gray,  shaiy  limestone— exposed r, 

wliich  forms  a  part  of  the  Southern  boundary,  Total 70 

and  divides  the  County  into  two  unequal  tri-  mL     ^       -^            /^          •             ^             ,•    ^i 

,     „„   „       .              .        „        .  ,  The  Corniferoxis  Group  is  seen  to  overlie  the 

angles,  descends  60  feet  in  a  series  of  rapids,  -itt  j.     i-        •     c<   ^        ■        ^  t-.-  1      .                        1 

^    ,!                            ,.        T^       •  ,               ,1  Waterlime  in  iSylvania,  at  r  isher  s  quarr}-,  and 

over  limestone  strata,  from  Providence  to  Mau-  •     ^i      ,     ,     /..1      ir                ^i      i-         c- 

.in  tbe  bed  of  the  JMaumee,  the  line  of  junction 

inee  Citv,  the  head  01  slack  water  and  of  navi-  .       „    i        ■      t.     ■      ,.   i  i    nr       /             i 

'''   ,                  1     ,       n  1-                         •  crossing  iSylvania,  Springheld,  Monciova,  and 

gation.     The  same    beds  of    limestone  proiect  ,,r   ,        -n  "    •           o   \i.     1      j-       i-            K^^     c 

^            ,      ,       ,    ,  •                .           .         i      I  Watervilie,  in    a  Southerly  direction.     All  of 

above  the  level  drift,  at  a  few  points  further  .^               ,                                 ,.„,.. 

,  ,     .    „  its    members    are    exposed    in    Sylvania,  in    a 

North,  but  have  no  notable  influence   on    the  ,         .,        ,i    .   i-       ,            ■^      -wj     ^     r  ,\ 

'  rockj'  ridge,  that  lies  two  miles   vVest  of  the 

topography.  -tr-,,             mi 

'    "     '    -^                 ^                        ^^           n,,    ,  *  illage.     They  are : 

The  rocks  of  the  County  are  :   Huron  Shale,  feet. 

H.,,         /-,                n         -f              n               ii7„*  ''■    Dark,  bluish  grav,  sectile   limestone,  with  crowded 

amilton  Group,    Corniferous  Gri-oup,   Water-  fossils                                                                   5 

lime  Group,  Onondaga  Salt  Group  and  Guelph  5.    Thick-bedded,  open,  buff  limestone,  with  white  chert.        25 

fT-nim  CXiio'qrnl  ■*'    Drab  limestone  :   beds  0  to  10  inches •  ijO 

1    ^^     *  ^         '*  -J.    Alternations  of  hard,  arenaceous  limestone,  with  fine- 

Guelph   Gl'OVp. — There  are  no  rock  exposures  grained,  gray  limestone 52 

in  the  Eastern  Townships,  but  enough  outcrbijs     -•   '«''^>^'™'  ^""^'^^  ^"^"^  sandstone  (giass-sand) 20 

'  "  '1.    Soft,  massive,  cream  and  buff  limestone,  with  fossils 

have  been  observed   in  the  neighboring  parts  at  top 12 

of  Ottawa  County  to  render  ithighlj'  probable  Total ~m 

that  the  Guelph  beds  underlie  a  considerable  hm      i-  n  4i  •  1             en                  i,    1   •         4. 

'  The  full  thickness  of   the  upper  bed  is  not 

portion  of  the  Town  of  Oregon.  ,                .  ,  -.^j.  .,   ,            ik  <■    *                    it 

^                                               '=■  shown.     At  vVhitehouse,  15  feet  are  seen,  but 

The    Waterlime  and    Onondaqn  Salt  Groups  ,,                 ....            ,                     j       a.-c?   1 

^                       ^  the  upper  limit  is  nowhere  exposed.     At  Sj'l- 

have  not  been  separated  in  this  County,  and  .        n  ji      i    j     j-            -ji     ^      ^i      -n^    ^ 

^                                       ■"  vania,  all  the  beds  dip  rapidly  to    the   West, 

there  IS  some  doubt  as  to  the  occurrence  of  the  1  ^i    •         t                    1          4    1   •     ^i 

and  their  outcrops  can   be  noted  m  the  space 

latter.     At  Genoa,  in  Ottawa  County,  charac-  n        -i        c:     n          i    41      i-     i-     •    •  u            1 

'                                 ■' '  of  a  mile.     Southward,  tlie  dip  diminishes,  and 

teristic  Waterlime  fossils  are  found  but  a  few  -1       1    n      /•      4           1                 11             4-1 

the    belt    of  outcrop    becomes    broader,    until, 

feet  above  the  Guelph  limestone.  ,         .,,             ,,      f,       ,       ■     t)       -j           •» 

^  where  it  leaves  tlio  County,  111  rrovidence,  it 

The  Waterlime  is  exposed  at  various  points.  •        ^  1        4.1        c           -i                     at       o        1 

-■                              i  IS  not  less  than  nve  miles  across.     JSIos.  2  and 

From  the  West  line  of  Watervilie,   to    slack-  .,       .             4   c-  1  >                    at       k        1  ,'     4. 

'  3  outcrop  at  insh  s    quarry,  JNos.  5  and  (1  at 

water  at  Maumee  City,  it  forms  the  bed  of  the  -1171  -4  1                 j  at     •>  *     "     -i      <■    4i       t?     4. 

,                                   •"  Whitebouse,  and  iSo.  o  two  miles  further  hast. 

Maumee,  presenting  a  series  of  variable  sectile,  r     4.1,    i     1    <•  ^u     ivr              4.1        1             a  /at 

...                        ^  In  the  bed  of  the  Maumee  the  glass  sand  (JNo. 

argillaceous   limestones,  with    numerous  local  „%  •                 <•           1     i^^    4.     j?  iu     t?     4.  r         e 

„               ,  2)  IS  seen  a  few  rods  East  of  the  East  line  of 

flexures,   but   no   decided     general   dip.     The  n'       •  1                 1,1                   •         *     4 

'                                      °                        Tir  Providence,  and  the   successive  strata  appear 

same  beds  are  exposed  on  the  plain  near  Mau-  .          ,                             1  ^     41      t)       •  1           j 

\                       ^  in  order  as  we  ascend  to  the  rrovidcnce  dam, 

mee  City,  in  the  bed  of  Swan  Creek  at  Mon-  ,  .  ,          ,            41      i,   a?  i-        4.          /at       r\ 

,        .,r-.,              ,        r,.  .  ,                   ■     n.-r      ,  which    rcsts   on   the   bufr   limestone    (JNo.    5). 

clova  Village,  and  at  Fish  s  quarry,  in  North-  t,      -i                 ■             1       n  .1      u    1     1,  *  „ 

-..       ,            ^                     '-        *"  tossils  occur   in  nearly  all  the  beds,  but  are 

ern  Monciova.     In  Sylvania,  Ten-mile  Creek  .  ,,       ,        ,      4.    •      .1       1  •   1      ^        ^  +1  „ 

•'            '  especially  abundant   in    the    highest   and  the 

cuts  the  \\  aterlime  for  some  distance,  and  it  IS  ,          4.      ^                       n     ^    1                a     „  .■ 

[ lowest.     I^ew   were   collected,  as   good    speci- 

»See  Geological  Survey  of  Ohio.    Report  of  J.  8.  mens  are  rare,  but  of  those  that  were  preserved 

Newberry,  Chief  Geologist,  1S70.  Mr.  F.   B.    Meek,    the    PahTontologist   of  the 

[19] 


20 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Survey,  distinguished  34  species  of  inverte- 
brates. The  fishes,  that  so  abound  in  the 
eijuivalent  beds  at  Sandusky  and  other  points 
East  of  the  great  anticlinal  axis,  arc  but  mea- 
gerly  re]iresented.  A  few  teeth  of  onyc.hodus 
have  been  found  in  limestones  1  and  5,  and 
the  gray  limestone  (No.  C)  yielded  at  Sylvania 
a  single  cranial  bone  not  referable  to  any  de- 
scribed genus. 

The  Hamilton  Group  is  not  exposed,  but  is 
believed  to  bo  represented  by  a  bed  of  soft 
gray  shale,  outcrojjping  in  a  narrow  band 
along  the  edge  of  the  Huron  shale.  At  Delta, 
Fulton  County,  where  it  was  traversed  in 
boring  for  oil,  it  has  a  depth  of  20  feet. 

The  Huron  Shale,  a  hard  bituminous  black 
shale,  is  entirely  concealed  under  the  drift,  but 
has  been  struck  by  the  auger  at  many  points 
in  Richfield.  It  must  underlie  the  whole  of 
that  Town,  together  with  Spencer  and  Swan- 
ton,  and  the  Northwest  portion  of  Providence. 
Its  dip  is  to  the  West. 

Glacial  Stria;  are  found  in  Lucas  County, 
wherever  the  Erie  clay  is  freshly  renaoved 
from  the  rock  surface.  Even  the  friable  sand- 
stone of  the  Corniferous,  which  crumbles  away 
at  the  first  frost,  has  preserved  them.  Their 
bearings  were  noted  at  seven  different  locali- 
ties, and  range  from  S.  80°  W.  to  S.  W.,  the 
general  direction  being  S.  55°  W.  The  effect 
produced,  when  the  ice  encountered  some  flint 
nodules  in  the  waterlime  at  Monclova  Village, 
is  very  interesting.  Each  hard  nodule  pro- 
jects boldly  from  the  ice-planed  surface,  and 
retains  a  long  train  or  ridge  of  the  limestone 
on  one  side.  The  semi-plastic  ice  did  not  at 
once  fill  the  groove  curved  in  it  by  the  un- 
yielding flint,  and  so  failed  to  remove  the 
limestone  immediately  behind  it.  These  trains 
all  point  in  one  direction  (S.  G0°  W.),  and 
prove  that  the  motion  of  the  ice  was  toward, 
and  not  from,  that  direction.  By  the  kindness 
of  Messrs.  Coder  and  Wilson,  of  Monclova,  a 
slab  of  this  worn  limestone  has  been  placed  in 
the  State  collection.  The  superficial  deposits 
consist  of  two  members  :  the  Erie  clay  and  the 
Lacustrine  clay  and  sand.  The  former  was 
deposited  immediately  after  the  retreat  of  the 
glacier,  and  is  formed  of  glacial  detritus,  trans- 
ported in  part  by  icebergs.  The  latter  are  due 
to  the  sorting  and  redeposition  of  the  former, 
by  Lake  action.  At  Toledo,  the  Erie  clay  is 
blue,  and  the  Lacustrine  yellow,  but  the  dis- 


tinction is  not  general.  Bowlders  afford  a 
bettor  mark,  for  they  are  rarely  absent,  in  this 
vieinitj',  from  the  Erie  clay,  and  never  present 
in  the  Lacustrine.  A  majority  of  the  Eric  clay 
bowlders  attest  their  glacial  origin  by  exhib- 
iting one  or  more  ground  faces.  A  large  and 
beautiful  specimen  of  Trenton  limestone,  in  the 
possession  of  Dr.  J.  B.  Trembley,  of  Toledo,  is 
plainly  a  fragment  torn  from  the  bed  of  the 
glacier,  and  not  subsequently  worn,  but  de- 
posited with  its  fractured  edges  still  angular. 
The  leveling  action  of  the  Lacustrine  forces 
has  proceeded  further  in  Lucas  than  in  the 
more  Westerly  Counties,  as  it  was  longer  sub- 
merged. The  original  surface  of  the  Erie  clay 
doubtless  conformed,  in  great  measure,  to  that 
of  the  subjacent  rock,  but  has  been  remodeled 
without  regard  to  it.  While  there  is  no  drift 
on  the  limestone  ridge,  at  Sylvania,  its  depth  is 
over  145  feet  at  Metamora,  eight  miles  West, 
and  nearly  100  feet  at  Toledo,  10  miles  East. 
The  sand  tract  of  the  County  records  a  shore 
action  similar  to  that  now  transpiring  at  the 
head  of  Lake  Michigan.  The  sand  accumu- 
lated by  the  currents,  was  thrown  up  by  the 
waves  in  beaches,  and  by  the  wind  in  dunes. 
It  is  so  fine  (and  hence  light  and  mobile)  that 
it  owes  its  present  form  chiefly  to  the  wind, 
and  no  persistent  beach  ridges  remain.  In  its 
vertical  range,  it  extends  from  60  feet  above 
the  present  Lake  to  110  feet,  and  will  not  im- 
probably be  found,  when  its  connections  shall 
have  been  traced,  to  represent  more  than  one 
stage  of  water,  if,  indeed,  it  was  not  accumu- 
lated during  a  gradual  subsidence.  The  belt 
crosses  the  country  in  a  Northeast  and  South- 
west direction,  covering  Swanton,  with  a  con- 
siderable portion  of  Providence,  Spencer,  Mon- 
clova, Springfield  and  Sylvania,  and  small 
areas  in  Waterville  and  Washington.  An  ex- 
tension Southeastward  from  Sylvania  covers 
nearly  the  entire  Town  of  Adams. 

It  is  reported  by  Dr.  J.  B.  Trembley  that  a 
tooth  of  mastodon  was  obtained  from  a  marsh 
in  the  Town  of  Sjjringfield.  I  was  unable  to 
ascertain  the  precise  locality  and  other  ])artic- 
ulars,  but,  as  all  the  marshes  of  that  Town  lie 
in  depressions,  that  originated  with  the  dunes, 
the  tooth  cannot  be  more  ancient  than  they  ; 
and  the  mastodon  is  shown  to  have  survived  at 
least,  to  the  epoch  of  the  lowest  rai.sed  beach 
of  Lake  Erie. 

The  Towns  of  Oregon  and   Manhattan,  and 


ECONOMIC  GEOLOar. 


21 


the  Eastern  part  of  Washington,  are  jjart  of 
the  tract  of  country  to  which  the  name  of  the 
"  Black  Swamp  "  has  been  applied.  The  soil 
is  a  fine  clay,  black  with  decayed  vegetation, 
and  varied  by  streaks  having  an  admixture  of 
sand.  Lying  nearly  level  (the  average  descent 
Lakeward  is  four  feet  per  mile),  it  has  retained 
water  on  its  surface  many  montiis  in  each 
j'ear,  and,  by  its  aid,  converted  into  mold  the 
leaves  and  trunks  that  have  fallen  u]ion  it. 
Most  valuable  assistance  in  this  work  has  been 
rendered  by  the  fresh-water  lobsters  that 
abound  throughout  the  district.  When  the 
land  dries  they  dig  little  wells  that  they  may 
retain  the  supply  of  water  essential  to  their 
existence.  As  the  season  advances,  they  bur- 
row deeper  and  deeper,  always  bringing  the 
excavated  clay  to  the  surface,  where  it  is 
mingled  with  the  mold.  In  this  way  the  mold 
has  become  incorporated  with  the  clay  to  a 
considerable  depth,  constituting  a  soil  of  great 
endurance.  The  soil  of  Eichfield  and  North- 
western  Sylvania  is  somewhat  similar  in  char- 
acter, but  has  a  fine  gravel,  evenly  mingled 
with  the  clay. 

Along  the  margins  of  the  sand  district  are 
belts  of  shallow  sand,  with  clay  subsoil,  and 
supporting,  like  the  clay  soils,  a  heavy  forest 
growth. 

The  district  of  deep  sand  is  covered  by  "  oak 
openings."  It  comprises  many  treeless,  sandy 
swamjis,  some  of  which  are  of  considerable  ex- 
tent. There  can  be  no  doubt  that  thorough 
drainage  will  convert  them  from  inhospitable, 
miasmatic  wastes  into  superior  farming  lands. 

Building  Stone. — The  Upper  Buff  limestone 
(No.  5,  in  the  table  of  Corniferous  rocks)  is 
the  most  important  building  stone  in  the 
CountJ^  It  is  readily  quarried  in  largo  blocks, 
and  very  easily  wrought  while  wet.  While  it 
is  an  impure  limestone,  it  contains  no  sand, 
and  it  owes  its  open  texture,  not  to  loose  ag- 
gregation, but  to  the  loss  of  some  component 
by  dissolution.  It  has  been  extensively  used, 
with  the  best  results,  for  abutments  and  like 
heavy  work,  and  it  is  now  proposed  to  saw  it 
into  slabs  for  lintels,  sills,  etc.  The  principal 
quarries  are  at  Whitohouse  and  Providence, 
while  it  is  also  worked  in  S3lvania,  on  the 
farms  of  Mr.  Lee,  Mr.  Shay,  and  Mr.  Kenj-on 
Cooper. 

The  Arenaceous  limestone  (No.  3)  is  likewise 
a  valuable  buildino;  stone.     It  is   most  exten- 


sively worked  by  Mr.  George  Loob,  at  a  point 
two  miles  Bast  of  Whitehouse,  and  by  Mr.  Wm. 
Fish,  in  Northern  Monclova.  Near  the  former 
quarry,  Mr.  A.  Shear,  near  the  latter,  Mr.  W.  S. 
Holt,  and  in  Sylvania,  Mr.  J.  Eampus,  have 
openings  in  the  same  bed. 

The  stoneless  Lacustrine  clay  is  well  adapted 
and  extensively  used  for  the  manufacture  of 
bricks.  On  the  border  of  the  .sand  district  it 
contains  a  measure  of  incorporated  sand,  in 
virtue  of  which  it  is  the  more  readily  worked. 
Bricks  burned  from  it  have  a  pale  red  color, 
which  is  commonly  heightened  by  an  admix- 
ture of  the  convenient  ferruginous  sand. 

Lime  is  manufactured  for  local  consumption 
from  beds  of  the  Waterlime  group,  at  Maumee 
City,  at  the  Villages  of  Waterville  and  Mon- 
clova, and  at  Fish's  quarry ;  from  the  Drab 
limestone  of  the  Corniferous  (No.  4),  at  Syl- 
vania (by  Mr.  Cooper),  and  at  Providence; 
and  from  the  Gray  limestone  (No.  G),  at  White- 
house.  All  of  these  form  efficient  and  durable 
cements,  but  differ  in  color  and  facility  of  use. 
Those  from  the  Cornifei'ous  beds  slake  and  set 
more  quickly  than  the  others,  and  evolve  in 
slaking  a  great  amount  of  heat.  A  series  of 
experimental  tests  of  these  and  other  limes, 
available  for  the  Toledo  market,  was  under- 
taken, but  no  satisfactory  result  was  reached, 
and  they  will  be  continued  in  the  coming  season. 

It  is  hoped  that  in  the  Waterlime  group  will 
be  found  beds  suitable  for  hydraulic  cement. 
Several  samjdes  that  were  selected  for  exami- 
nation have  been  shown,  by  Dr.  Wormley's 
analyses,  to  resemble  the  best  cement  rocks 
very  closely  in  chemical  composition  ;  but  the 
more  practical  and  decisive  tests  are  yet  to  be 
applied. 

The  friable  sandstone  (No.  2)  affords  a  nearly 
pure  white  sand,  adapted  to  the  manufacture 
of  glass.  In  1863  it  was  opened  in  Sylvania, 
on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Mr.  John  Eampus, 
by  Messrs.  Card  and  Hubbard,  and  a  consider- 
able quantity  quarried,  ground  and  shipped  to 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  where  it  was  used  in  making 
flint  glass.  Seven  or  eight  hundred  tons  had 
been  shipped,  when  the  business  terminated, 
in  consequence  of  the  death  of  the  managing 
partner,  Mr.  Card.  The  price  received  for  the 
sand,  delivered  in  Pittsburgh,  was  116  to  $17 
per  ton.* 

*  The  development  of  the  Water  Supply,  Building 
Stone  and  Glass  Sand  is  noted  elsewhere. 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Water  Supply.— TUc  tii-st  discovery  of  the 
Artesian  water,  now  obtained  in  so  many  parts 
oftlic  Jhiuniee  Valley,  was  made  in  Bryan,  in 
1842.  The  water  does  not  differ  materially  in 
character  from  that  ordinarily-  received  from 
the  Drift,  and  owes  its  Artesian  head  to  some 
peculiarities  of  tlie  distribution  of  the  sand 
beds  of  the  Erie  clay,  by  which  they  are  ena- 
bled to  carry  the  water  which  ])ermeates  them 
from  higher  to  lower  levels,  while  thej^  are  pre- 
vented from  discharging  it  through  springs  bj' 
a  continuous  covering  of  impervious  clay.  The 
flowing  wells  of  Williams  County  are  part  of  a 
series  that  occur  in  a  narrow  belt  of  country, 
lying  just  West  of  the  upper  beach.  The  evenly 
spread  Lacustrine  clays  form,  in  this  case,  the 
impervious  cover,  and  the  reservoir,  by  which 
the  flow  is  rendered  perennial,  is  aflbrded  by 
the  broad,  and  often  deep,  sand  beds,  from 
which  the  supply  is  directly  obtained.  More 
remotely  it  is  doubtless  derived  from  the  oxi- 
dized upper  portion  of  the  unmodified  drift, 
lying  East  of,  and  higher  than  the  beaches. 
This  is  generally  permeable,  and  receiving  the 
water  from  rains,  yields  it  slowly  to  the  sandy 
beds  wherever  they  are  connected. 

The  wells  of  Lucas  County  are  of  two  classes, 
the  shallow  and  the  deep.  The  shallow  pierce 
onl}-  the  Lacustrine  deposits,  and  receive  either 
the  water  that  accumulates  in  the  deep  sands 
of  the  oak  openings,  or  that  which  percolates 
through  what  sandy  beds  are  interstratitied 
with  the  Lacustrine  day;  the  deep  penetrate 
nearly  or  quite  to  the  rock.  I  am  not  aware 
that  any  wells  draw  water  from  the  body  of 
the  Erie  clay.  Though  it  contains  frequent 
permeable  beds,  they  are  not  so  connected  as 
to  permit  a  free  circulation. 

At  the  base  of  the  Erie  clay,  and  resting  on 
the  rock  i?i  situ,  there  are  commonly — not  al- 
ways— a  few  feet,  or  a  few  inches,  of  gravel 
and  sand,  fVom  which  water  rises  freely,  sup- 
plying the  Artesian  and  other  deep  wells. 
Whether  the  water  is  confined  to  this  horizon, 
or  circulates  also  through  the  underlyino-  rock, 
is  a  question  of  little  importance  If  we  say 
that  it  passes  under  the  clay,  along  the  lime- 
stone ridge,  in  the  West  part  of  the  County, 
and  follows  the  rock  surface  until  it  finds 
escape  upwards,  we  shall  have  proposed  a 
theory  by  no  means  demonstrable,  but   quite 


adequate  to  account  for  the  Artesian  head  in 
Toledo  and  Oregon.  The  Artesian  water  of 
IJichfield  rises  higher  than  this  supposed  source 
and  must  receive  its  supply  from  some  point 
further  West.  The  water  in  the  Toledo  wells 
formerlj'  stood  14  feet  above  the  Lake  level ; 
but  with  increasing  use,  has  gradually  fallen 
to  seven  feet,  and  the  only  wells  now  flowing 
discharge  below  that  height. 

In  Julj',  1859,  an  analj'sis  of  Blue  Cla}'  un- 
derlying Toledo  was  made.  It  was  taken  from 
a  cut  then  made  in  Adams  Street,  West  of 
Michigan  Street.  Fifteen  jjarts  of  the  Clay 
yielded  the  following  result : 

Pa  rts 

Protoxide  o£  Iron  (FeO) 1.25 

Silica  (Si05) _._ 2.7'.i 

Carbonate  of  Calcium  (CaO,  C0>) O.U 

Water  (HO) 1.&? 

,\lumiiia  (.\10) 7.90 

Trace  of  Sulphur  and  loss _ 1.21 

15.00 

Four  parts  of  Alumina  3  ielded  1.25  parts  of 
metallic  Aluminum.  This  analj-sis  at  the  time 
attracted  some  attention,  and  more  espcciall}' 
by  the  showing  made  of  Alumina.  But  it  has 
never  been  considered  best  to  pursue  the 
matter  further. 

In  August,  1859,  Mr.  Aug.  A.  Fahnestock, 
Horticulturist,  of  Toledo,  made  careful  exami- 
nation of  the  green  matter,  which  previoush-, 
more  than  at  that  time,  had  appeared  on  the 
surface  of  the  River  at  that  season  of  the  j'ear, 
the  result  of  which  was  thus  stated  by  that 
gentleman  ; 

First,  that  it  is  the  pollen  or  fecundating  of  an 
aquatic  plant,  the  Zi:ani:c  Aijuatic:c,  or  Indian  Rice. 
Ttiis  plant  is  always  found  in  low,  swampy  lands  and 
along  the  borders  of  Rivers  and  streams.  It  attains 
an  altitude  of  from  three  to  nine  feet,  and  begins 
shedding  its  pollen  about  the  1st  of  August  and  con- 
tinues until  late  in  September.  The  pollen  when 
thrown  from  the  glumes,  is  of  an  oval  shape,  and  in 
color  light  yellow.  When  submerged  it  loses  its  color, 
and  commences  to  vegetate ;  and  if  it  does  not  happen 
to  be  thrown  into  shallow  water,  soon  decomposes. 
From  the  immense  quantities  of  this  pollen,  many 
would  think  it  impossible  to  be  of  vegetable  origin  ; 
but  we  have  only  to  examine  that  borne  by  the 
Thistle,  Poppy  and  many  other  common  plants,  to 
find  a  parallel.  What  effect  this  decaying  vegetation 
may  have  on  the  health  of  the  City,  I  am  unable  to 
.say.     It  is  a  question  for  Chemists  and  Physicians. 

Since  the  date  above  named,  the  pollen  has 
almost  wholl}-  disappeared  from  the  surface  of 
the  River. 


CIIArTEU    II. 


THE    PKE-IllSTOEIC    I'EKIuD. 


THE  bogiiiiiinijj  of  the  history  of  the  mouth 
and  valley  of  the  Mauiiioe  River,  i.s  in- 
volved ill  unusual  obscurit}'.  Tiio  first  settle- 
ments of  the  Dutch,  and  afterward  of  the 
English,  were  up  tiio  Hudson,  and  slowly 
towards  the  interior  of  the  State  of  New  York. 
Between  these  settlements  and  Ohio  was  the 
Iroquois  Confederacy  (Five  Nations),  the  most 
]iowerful  of  Indian  Tribes.  They  were  not  in 
the  main  unfriendly  to  these  settlements  ;  but 
there  was  in  the  earliest  times  little  tempta- 
tion to  penetrate  beyond,  and  in  later  days 
the  Iroquois  claimed  to  control  Ohio  as  their 
hunting-ground. 

In  16(19,  about  a  quarter  of  a  century  before 
Lake  Erie  was  known,  Champlain,  at  the  re- 
quest of  the  Ottawas,  met  in  battle  the  Iroquois. 
This  was  the  first  introduction  of  the  latter  to 
civilization.  The  lines  of  the  allies  opened, 
and  the  Indians  were  struck,  as  seemed  to 
them,  by  "  lightning  from  the  gods,"  with  the 
usual  "thunder."  But  the  confederated  Iro- 
quois in  the  end  conquered  the  other  Indian 
nations,  and  this  brilliant  exjiloit  of  Champlain, 
for  nearly  a  century  and  a  half,  prevented  the 
settlement  of  the  Ohio.  The  Iroquois  were  not 
friendl}',  though  not  alw;iys  at  war. 

The  French  way  to  the  AVest,  for  trade  and 
settlement,  was  North  of  Lake  Erie.  In  1(171, 
Lake  Superior  was  quite  well  represented  on 
the  maps.  As  late  as  17-14,  the  French  official 
Geographer,  in  the  map  furnished  for  that 
learned  work,  Charlevoix's  "  New  France,"  has 
along  the  South  shore  of  Lake  Erie  the  legend, 
"  Toute  cette  cote  n'est  presque  point  comme  " 
(All  this  shore  is  nearly  unknown).  The  other 
more  Southern  English  Colonics  were  separated 
from  the  West  by  the  Alleglianies— often  on 
the  maps  not  inaptly  called  "  The  Endless 
Mouutains."  Gradually  from  the  East  and  the 
West,  adventurei'S,  traders  and  settlements  ap- 
proached what  is  now  Ohio;  and  when  Wash- 
ington was  a  young  man,  the  French  and 
English  first  met  in  tlie  West.  The  eounti'y  of 
the  Ohio  was  the  border-land  on  which  they 
met.  It  had  for  many  years  lain  between 
(hem.    It  conti  imed  thereafter  to  be  the  border- 


land, all  through  the  Revolution,  and  even  in 
the  war  between  the  United  States  and  (ri'eat 
Britain,  known  as  the  War  of  1812.  Even  in 
that  war  we  can  tell  pretty  well  what  was  done 
by  the  people  of  New  York  and  of  Penn.syl- 
vania,  and  the  sons  of  Kentucky  are  reasonably 
prominent  in  written  history.  The  West  in 
British  hands  was  well  reported  ;  but  we  know 
little  of  the  part  of  Ohio  in  that  war,  except  as 
we  gaiher  its  history  from  the  narratives  of 
citizens  of  other  States.  As  was  the  case  of 
the  English  and  Scottish  border,  and  as  is  the 
case  of  border-lands  generally,  the  history  of 
Ohio  is  rich  in  romance  and  di-amatic  interest, 
but  precise  information  is  wanting. 

The  earliest  known  man  in  Europe  was  the 
Glacial  Man — living  when  most  of  Europe  was 
covered  with  glaciers,  and  following  up  closely 
the  retreating  ice.  A  large  share  of  the  United 
States  was  similai-ly  covered.  The  Southern 
limit  is  easily  traced  and  with  close  accuracy. 
Even  the  very  farms  which  that  limit  crossed, 
can  be  and  have  been  pointed  out.  This 
Southern  line — the  terminal  Moraine,  as  it  is 
called — formed  a  continuous  line  from  the  At- 
lantic Ocean  to  at  least  the  Mississippi  River. 
The  line  entered  Ohio  on  the  center  line  of 
Columbiana  Count}*,  not  far  from  a  lino  with 
the  centei-  of  the  State,  and  pursued  a  zigzag 
course  to  the  Southwest,  crossing  the  present 
valley  of  the  Ohio  in  Brown  County,  some  dis- 
tance East  of  Cincinnati ;  re-crossing  into  In- 
diana l)elow  Cincinnati,  and  zigzagging  to  the 
Mississipjii.  The  accumulations  of  the  ice  are 
found  500  to  (iOO  feet  on  each  side  of  the  Ohio 
River,  at  Cincinnati.  At  that  point  was  a  great 
glacial  dam.  The  Ohio  must  have  been  a  Lake, 
with  its  water  several  hundred  feet  higher  than 
at  present,  with  irregular  shores — up  the  pres- 
ent Valleys  of  the  Rivers  flowing  into  the  Ohio. 
Alnindant  evidences  are  found  in  the  l^p|)er 
Ohio  A'alley  of  the  existence  of  this  Lake. 
Toledo,  of  course,  was  far  behind  the  front  of 
the  belt  of  ice. 

In  New  Jersey — in  the  sd-iated  beds  ofgravol 
which  were  deposited  by  the  large  streams 
runnino;  from  the  ice — are  found  thousands  of 


[23] 


24 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


relics  of  tho  (Jiaeiiil  Man,  siibstiuitiallj'  identi- 
cal with  those  of  Kui-ope.  As  these  are  found 
ill  undisturbed  strata  20  feet  and  more  from 
tho  surface,  they  must  have  been  deposited  at 
the  time  the  gravel  was.  In  short,  man  lived 
in  New  Jersey  while  tiie  ice  covered  the  North- 
ern part  of  the  State,  lie  may  havo  lived  along 
and  South  of  the  ice-belt,  in  the  West;  and 
may  as  well  have  fished  in  the  Ohio  Lake  and 
in  the  streams  leading  to  it,  as  in  tho  Sea  and 
the  River  which  dejiosited  the  Trenton  gravel. 

There  have  been  found  in  the  West  a  few 
I'elics  similar  to  those  of  Glacial  Man,  and  sup- 
posed to  have  been  his.  The  line  has  only  re- 
cently been  traced  in  the  W^est,  so  that  more 
precise  information  is  wanting.  The  Glacial 
Man  is  not  long  known  to  have  been  American 
as  well,  but  surely  living  on  this  Continent 
may  have  been  tho  earliest  inhabitant  of  Ohio; 
and,  following  the  retreating  ice,  have  been  the 
first  denizen  of  the  Maumee  Valley. 

The  earliest  man,  however,  who  left  perma- 
nent imprint  upon  the  fiice  of  the  country,  was 
the  mysterious  Mound  Builder — so-called,  be- 
cause we  have  no  other  name  for  him.  No- 
where are  his  works  more  numerous  or  more 
extensive  than  in  Ohio.  The  Southern  Vallej's 
of  the  State  were  his  thickly  populated  home. 
These  works  are  far  less  in  number  in  the 
Northern  part  of  the  State,  and  still  less  in  the 
lower  Maumee  Valley.  That  may  well  then  have 
been  to  him,  for  some  reason,  a  "borderland." 

The  earliest  dweller  in  Ohio  may  not  un- 
lijicly — if  he  passed  over  the  site  of  Toledo  at 


all — have  passed  over  a  Lake.  Before  the 
Glacial  period,  Lake  Erie  was  a  Eiver.  The 
glacial  streams  from  the  South  emptied  their 
waters  some  200  feet  lower  than  at  present. 
As  that  is  about  tho  depth  of  Lake  Erie,  thei-c 
could  then  have  been  no  such  Lake.  The 
Niagara  Eiver  (to  call  it  by  that  name%  did 
not  then  flow  over  the  present  Falls,  but  had  a 
channel  to  the  North,  and  at  a  level  not  tiir 
from  that  below  the  Falls.  That  channel  has 
been  partly  identified,  but  the  ice  which  dammed 
the  Ohio,  dammed  the  Niagara,  as  well,  and 
high  enough  so  that  in  the  retreat.  Lake  Erie 
■was  higber  than  at  jJresent.  The  well  known 
ridges  were  Lake  beaches,  and  the  Lake  has 
not  yet,  by  far,  found  its  ancient  k'vel. 

The  country  of  the  Maumee  difters  widely 
from  the  Moraine  in  its  manner  of  deposit,  and 
may  well  have  been  the  bottoms  of  a  Lake, 
higher  than  the  present,  causing  a  level  deposi- 
tion of  matter  not  so  deposited  where  the  ice 
alone  had  covered  the  land.  Possibly,  in  the 
earlier  daj's  of  the  Mound  Builder,  it  may  have 
been  covered  with  water,  Niagara  River  having 
a  higher  bed  than  now.  Sonic  Mounds  are  found 
not  far  from  Toledo,  and  on  land  no  higher. 
But  the  days  of  the  Mound  Builder  in  Ohio  were 
ended,  and  they  had  disappeared  from  the  State. 
Peace  gave  way  to  war,  and  agriculture  to  a 
more  savage  life.  There  is  no  reason  to  sup- 
jjose  that  the  jjcoiile  who  drove  away  the  Mound 
Builders  were  any  other  than  those  found  suc- 
ceeding them  and  in  a  desultory  way  dwelling 
on  their  lands. 


CHAPTER    III. 


THE    ABORIGINES    OF    THE    MAUMEE    VALLEY. 


WHEN  the  French  made  their  tir.st  ap- 
proach u])  the  St.  Lawi'cnce,  the  In- 
iliaiis  in  or  horderinn;  on  Ohio  might  have  been 
divided  into  two  great  lingual  divisions— those 
speaking  the  Algonkin  language  and  those  of 
Huron-Iroquois  tongues.  The  Iroquois  proper 
were  South  of  the  St.  Lawrence  and  in  Central 
New  Yoi'k.  Tiio  Hurons,  to  whom  they  were 
allied,  were  to  the  Northwest  of  them  ;  the  Neu- 
tral Nation  to  the  West  and  around  the  East 
entl  of  Ijake  Erie  ;  and  the  Eries  or  '■  Cats  "  (so- 


Nations  (otten  thereafter  called  the  Six  Nations). 
The  Cherokees  wei'o  also,  it  is  said,  of  original 
Iroquois  stock.  They  lived  South  of  tiie  Oiiio 
Eiver.  It  is  likely  the  Huron-Iroquois  stock 
and  the  Algonkin,  or  both,  met  and  drove  oil' 
the  Mound  Builders. 

The  most  Southern  of  the  Tribes  of  these 
stocks  West  of  the  Alleghanies  were  the  Chero- 
kees, of  the  Iroquois;  and  the  Shawnees,  of  the 
Algonkin  stock.  Both  languages  had  become 
much  corrupted,  and  thej'  may  well  have  rep- 


called)  were  South  of  the  Lake  and  upon  the  resented  the  advance-guard  of  these  great 

u])per  Ohio.*     These   tribes  lay  in  a  compact  grations.    The  languages  of  the  Delawares 

body,  surrounded  on  every  side  by  Algonkins.  Miamis — the  one  East  of  the  Shawnees,  and 

In  some  collision  or  catastrophe  the  Tuscacoras  other  We.st— were   more  alike  than  either 

(also  of  Iroquois  tongue)  had  become  separated  the  Shawnee. 

and  were  far  to  the  South,  to  return  long  after  The  jiositions  of  the  Indian  Tribes  in 

they  were  first  known  to  unite  with  the  Five  about  Ohio  shortly  alter  the  year  IGOO,  is  pn 

'       I  bly  not  very  inacciiratt'ly   reiiresented   Ijy 

"  The  Eries  are  here  spoken  of  as  allied  by  Ian-  vT             . 

guage  to  the  Iroquois,  as  would  appear  from  the  early  '  ^  ' 

French  Relation,  although  it  is  not  forgotten,  that  I"  ^'"'^  ""H'  the  Ottawas,  Miamis,  Illinois 

lately  it  has  been  claimed  that  they  were  Algonkin.  Shawnees  were  Algonkin. 


inl- 
and 

the 
like 

and 
)ba- 
the 

and 


[25] 


26 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


'I'lu'  cai-lii'st  in;i|i  w  liirli  uiiilc'|-tii()l<  to  n'])i'0- 
seiit  till'  jMisitioiis  anil  iiaiuos  of  the  Tribes  at 
tho  Wi'sl  ciul  of  Lako  Erii\  was  tliat  of  Nicholas 
Siiiisoii.  \\w  l!'>yal  Fromli  Geographer,  in  liis 
little  (|iiarto  atlas  of  America.  The  map  is  it- 
self witlioiit  (late,  but  is  supposed  to  have  been 
iiKnic  alioiit  1(557.  Afac  simile  of  that  part  of 
il  whieli  covei's  and  surrounds  the  lower  Mau- 
luee  Valley,  may  be  of  interest.  It  is  as  follows  : 


which  only  appears  flowing  from  Chautauqua 
Lake.  Southeast  of  that  branch  of  the  Ohio, 
are  the  Attionandarons  (a  Natidn  speaking 
a  little  different  language),  which  may  mean 
either  the  Neuter.s  or  the  Andastes  (probaVily  the 
latter).  South  of  the  West  end  of  Lake  Erie  are 
the  Ontarraronons  (meaning  "Lake  People," 
as  Ontario  means  "  beautiful  Lake").  The  names 
on  this  map  are   in   the   main    Huron,  and    the 


The  positions  of  tlie  Tribes  and  the  siniilai'ity  terinination,  ''  ronon,"  means  "  Nation," 
of  names  with  those  of  the  earliest  Jes\iit  liela-  tei'minatioiis  ■■  nek  "  and  ■■  gonk  "  are  Al 
tions,  show  that  tliegi'ogra])hical  date  of  much  of     tor  the  same. 


as  tlie 
ironkin 


the  map  is  1640,  about  oO  years  before  the  Ohio 
or  Mississippi  was  discovered.  The  Western 
Tribe  of  the  Iroquois  are  the  Sonontonaus 
(Seneeas),  and  East  of  the  Genesee.  The  Hurons 
and  Petuns  occupy  the  Northern  part  of  the 
I'eniusula  North  of  Lake  Erie.     The  Eriechro- 


The  Jesuit  Relation  of  1648.  written  among 
the  Hurons,  says  Lake  Erie  was  foi'merly  in- 
habited along  its  South  coast  by  the  Gat  Nation. 
Avho  had  been  obliged  to  di-aw  well  inland  to 
avoid  their  enemies  fi-oni  the  West.  The  On- 
tarraronons were  likely  the  Algonkins.  who  had 


nons,  or  du  Chat,  are  between  the  Eastern  half     ]mshed  back  the  Eries  (Cat  NationV  and  very 
of  Lake  Eric  and  the  Ohio,   the  upper  part   of     likely  the  ••  .Mianu  due  Lac."  who  gave  name  to 


THE  ABORIGINES  OF  THE  MAUMEE  VALLEY. 


27 


tlio  Maiimoe  EiviT,  at  first  and  loiit;;  c'alli'(l  upmi 
the  maps  the  ■'  Miami  due  Lae."  The  Jjuke  re- 
ferred ti)  iiiaj'  have  been  Sandusky  Bay,  at- 
tempted tdhe  represented  nn  the  niu]i,  Imt  very 
mueh  out  of  position. 

On  tliis  map  there  ajij)ears  to  he  a  sUglit  at- 
tempt to  represent  the  Maunice.  The  Sqiien- 
quioronons,  at  tlie  extreme  West  end  of  Lake 
Erie,  may  have  been  the  Nepissing  branch  of 
the  Ottawas,  called  Squekaneronons.*  The 
first  supposition  is  most  probably  correct,  but 
the  Indians  were  so  apt  to  make  a  descrijjtive 
name,  to  sound  to  the  whites  like  a  tribal  name, 
as  to  add  greatlj-  to  the  labor  of  studj-.  In  the 
very  map  before  us,  the  Skraeronons,  living 
East  of  Sault  St.  Marie,  are  simply  peojile 
oftheSkiacor  Sault.  The  Assistaeronons,  or 
Nation  du  Ferr,  represented  as  in  Western  Mich- 
igan, or  South  of  Lake  Michigan,  were  the  well- 
known  ^rasciiutins. 

The  Jesuit  TJehition  of  lG(i2  lias  an  enumera- 
tion of  the  bands  of  Indians  in  the  Michigan 
Peninsula,  all  Algonkins,  all  friends  of  thcHu- 
rons,  and  all  trading  with  the  French,  save 
some  of  the  Five  Nations  and  some  Puauts  far- 
thest to  the  West.  The  Outaanek  are  no  doubt 
our  olil  friends  in  Northwest  Ohio,  tlic  Ontar- 
raronons.  The  Outaonsinagouk  arc  substan- 
tially identical  in  luxme  with  the  S(picnqui'i'ouon. 
The  others  are  Ivichkagoneiak,  Nigouanuich- 
iriiuk  and  Ouacliaskesouek.  The  first  were 
jn-obably  the  Nepissings ;  the  next  t(.)  the  last 
were  no  doubt  the  Nick  Konek  of  the  Relation 
of  1(348.  likely  the  Couacronons  of  the  map  and 
no  doubt  Ottawas.f  The  geography  of  this 
map  was  not  to  be  long  unchanged.  In  1655, 
before  it  was  published  in  Paris,  the  Eries  had 
received  their  final  overthrow  at  the  hands  of 
the  Iroquois — so  complete,  indeed,  that  what 
became  of  the  survivors  is  not  known.  The 
Iroquois  had  before  this  (in  1640),  overconu' 
and  driven  away  from  their  homes,  North  of 
Lake  Erie,  the  Hurons  and  the  Ottawas,  their 
allies.  The  Ancient  Nation  de  Pctun  (Owen- 
dat),  kinsmen  of  the  Hurons,  were  involved  in 
the  common  ruin,  and  the  Hurons  and  Pet- 
uus  were  afterwai'ds  known  as  Wyandots,  and 
lived  in  Northwestern  Ohio  until  1832.  Al- 
though their  stock  and  language  were  the  Hu- 
ron, the  Iroquois  and  the  Ottawas  were  Algon- 
kin ;    the    common  alliances,  defeats  and  i-uin 

*Said  l)y  Sagard,  in  11)24,  to  be  tlieir  proper  name  ; 
or  the  name  may  refer  to  tlie  Lake  "  Skekonau." 
t  Early  Indian  Migration  in  Ohio.     Page  90. 


made  them  close  comjianions,  and  the  intimacy 
continued  to  the  last. 

But  this  migration  was  not  direct.  The 
Petuns,  with  some  Hurons,  removed  to  Wis- 
consin. They  were  driven  back  to  Lake  Supe- 
rior T)y  the  Dacotahs,  and  about  1680  removed 
to  the  neighborhood  of  Detroit.  In  1706  their 
war  ]iarties  reached  the  CUierokees,  C'hoctaws 
ami  Shawnees  by  way  of  Sandusky,  the  Scioto 
and  the  Ohio.  In  1732  they  claimed  all  Ohio 
as  their  hunting-ground,  and  warned  the  Shaw- 
nees to  ])lant  their  Villages  South  of  the  Ohio. 
They  gradually  centered  at  Sandusky  and  the 
West  end  of  Lake  Erie,  before  the  Revolution. 
The  Ottawas,  after  the  overthrow,  fled  to  the 
mouth  of  Green  Bay  and  beyond  the  Missis- 
sippi.- Driven  back,  as  were  the  AVvandots, 
they  were,  after  1672,  their  inse])arable  com- 
panions. In  1709  they  were  at  war  with  the 
Miamis.  In  1  747  the  Wyandots,  already  estab- 
lished at  Sanduskj-,  persuaded  a  portion  of 
them  to  settle  on  Lake  Eric,  on  the  lower  Mau- 
mee,  promising  trade  with  the  English.* 

The  Indians  of  the  neighborhood  of  the  Mau- 
mee  were  not  alone  in  claiming  dominion  in 
Ohio.  The  same  Iroipiois  who  had  driven  them 
from  the  North  of  Lake  Erie,  and  wlio  had 
destj'oycd  the  Eries,  claimed  its  tei-ritory  as 
their  best  hunting-ground.  They  occui)icd  a 
considerable  part  of  Ohio  at  will,  and  the  por- 
tion of  Northern  Ohio  East  of  Sandusky,  seems 
to  have  continued,  even  after  the  Revolution, 
a  partly  neutral  ground,  permanently  occupied 
by  no  tribe,  and  no  doubt  the  seat  of  many 
small  contests.  In  1685  they  warred  with  the 
Illinois  and  Miamis,  and  the  war  was  partly 
carried  on  across  Ohio.  The  English  persuaded 
the  Iroquois  to  j^eace  with  the  Western  tribes, 
wishing  under  the  friendshiji  of  that  Nation  to 
advance  their  own  trade.  The  English  claimed 
the  country  of  the  Ohio  as  against  the  French, 
under  a  deed  gotten  from  the  Iroquois  in  1684, 
which,  however,  conveyed  the  land  to  be  de- 
fended by  the  English  to  and  for  the  use  of  the 
Indians.  To  use  legal  language,  the  Indians 
were  "  eertui  qui  trusts,"  and  were  to  have  the 
subsequent  useof  llie  lands. t  After  1696.  from 
time  to  time.  Iroquois,  chiefiy  Senccas.  settled 
in  Northeastern  Ohio.  In  1817  and  1818  the 
United  States  granteil  the  Seneca  Eeservation, 
(now  in  Seneca  County),  on  which  these  Indians 
lived  until  1831. 

*  10  Xew  England  Colonial  Documents,  p.  162. 
t  Wars  of  Iroquois,  p.  27. 


CHAPTER    IV. 


GAME. — THE  AGUK    IN    POETRY  AND   ELSEWHERE. PUT-IN-BAY    ISLANDS. THE    WOKD  "  MAUMEE.' 


MAUCn  ].-),  lS(iO,  Judo;c  E.  D. : 
livorod  an  aiKli-css  before  tlu 


Potter  de- 
10  Maumoo 

\'all<'3-  Shooting  Association,  Toledo,  which 
was  devoted  niainlj-  to  the  subject  of  "  Game 
in  the  Maumee  Valley."  It  was  a  very  inter- 
esting and  valuable  paper. 

By  way  of  introduction,  Judge  Potter  said,  that 
when  he  ranie  liere,  in  1835,  the  entire  region,  North 
of  a  line  drawn  from  the  liead  of  Lake  Erie  to  the 
Pacific  Ocean,  was  one  unbroken  hunting  ground, 
tlie  settlements  in  the  intervening  .States  interfering 
very  slightly  with  the  game.  This  region  then  con- 
tained a  greater  variety  and  greater  abundance  of 
valuable  game  than  ever  did  any  other  section  of  the 
globe  in  the  same  latitude,  foremost  of  which  were 
the  BufTalo,  the  Grizzly  Bear,  the  Caribou,  the  Elk 
and  the  Stag.  In  this  Valley  were  the  Red  Deer, 
Bears,  Wolves,  Panthers,  Lynx,  Wild  Cats,  Foxes 
and  Turkeys,  with  an  almost  infinite  variety  of  small 
game.  In  183.5  Deer  were  probably  more  plentiful 
here  than  elsewhere  on  the  continent,  and  engaged 
almost  exclu.sively  the  attention  of  the  sportsman. 
The  Red  Deer  (the  only  kind  here)  gets  its  growth  at 
five  years — the  Stag  and  the  Hind,  popularly  known 
as  Buck  and  Doe.  The  terms  Buck  and  Doe  are  ap- 
plied to  the  Fallow  Deer,  a  different  kind,  with  large 
flattened  horns  like  a  hand,  and  are  smaller  than 
ours.  The  Doe,  at  one  year  old,  brings  forth  in  May 
or  June  one  Fawn ;  at  two  years  and  after,  two  Fawns, 
going  seven  months  with  young.  The  Deerrelies  for 
safety  upon  his  .sense  of  smell,  and  no  gunner  must 
expect  to  get  within  gunshot  of  him,  except  from 
the  leeward.  Thus  located,  the  hunter  will  soon, 
though  in  open  sight,  find  him  coming  within 
a  few  yards  of  him,  utterly  unconscious  of  dan- 
ger. Judge  Potter  stated  that  he  had  kdled  Deer 
in  every  Ward  of  the  present  City  of  Toledo.  An  Oak 
ridge  near  the  High  School  building  was  a  favorite 
resort  for  them ;  there  were  many  in  Stickney's 
Woods,  in  the  First  Ward ;  also  on  the  "  Nose,"  where 
the  Oliver  House  now  stands,  iu  the  Fifth  Ward. 
Where  the  residence  of  V.  H.  Ketcham  stands,  in  the 
Seventh  Ward,  was  a  runway  for  them.  He  never 
heard  that  there  were  Elk  in  this  Valley  ;  but  in  the 
region  of  Cleveland,  at  an  early  day,  they  were  nu- 
merous. 

Next  to  the  Deer,  the  Turkey  was  important  as 
game.  They  grew  to  be  very  large,  often  weighing 
when  drawn,  30  pounds.  In  habit  they  much  resem- 
bled the  domestic  bird,  laying  from  13  to  15  eggs,  and 
generally  hatching  a  full  brood.  To  get  within  range 
of  the  Turkey,  the  sportsman  must  keep  out  of  its 
sight.     An  expert  hunter,  by  shooting  into  the  flock 


or  sending  in  his  dog  to  scatter  them,  may,  with  his 
"  call,"  get  them  witliin  range  and  shoot  the  flock. 
This  "  call "  consists  of  a  quill  or  a  wing-bone  of  the 
Turkey,  and  the  expert  may  so  imitate  the  bird's 
voice  as  to  entice  them  to  his  very  presence,  if  he  be 
perfectly  hidden  from  sight.  Ihey  were  often  caught 
in  great  numbers  by  Ijuilding  a  tight-covered  pen  of 
rails  or  poles;  digging  a  trench  leading  under  one 
side  of  it,  and  then  scattering  corn  iu  the  trench, 
which  they  pick  up,  and  following  the  bait  thus 
jdaced  soon  find  themselves  imprisoned,  and  not 
having  sense  enough  to  look  down,  but  onlj-  up,  are 
made  secure. 

The  Wolf  is  a  cowardly  rascal.  Like  some  men, 
he  wants  to  know  who  his  backers  are,  before  he  goes 
into  a  fight.  At  an  early  daj',  a  bounty  was  paid  for 
Wolf  scalps,  ranging  from  $8.00  to  $25.00.  He  knew 
two  trappers,  one  of  whom  was  then  living,  w'ho 
would  get  from  10  to  15  scalps  apiece  during  the  sea- 
son, all  being  males,  for  they  never  killed  females, 
for  that  would  injure  tlieir  next  year's  harvest  of 
scalps.  They  were  sometimes  caught  in  steel-traps, 
and  sometimes  in  dead-falls;  an<l  in  the  former  case, 
when  secured,  are  meek  as  Lambs,  and  handled 
with  impunity.  The  trapper  is  thus  enabled  to  re- 
lease the  female  and  kill  the  male.  The  Judge  once 
sought  information  as  to  the  mode  of  catching  the 
Wolf,  from  an  old  experienced  trapper,  a  Pennsyl- 
vania Dutchman,  who  said  to  him:  "  Well,  Chutch, 
I  vas  dinking  dis  ting  all  ofer,  und  ich  kon  only  deli 
you  dat  der  Volfs  are  ketch,  brincipally,  py  main 
art."  Seeing  his  lesson  thus  suddenly  at  an  end,  the 
Judge  said,  "  Mr.  K.,  I  thank  you  a  thousand  times  ;" 
when  the  old  trapper  replied,  "  Never  minte,  Chutch, 
one  dime  is  a  blenty." 

The  Bears  were  very  numerous,  particularly  in 
Wood,  Henry,  Defiance,  Williams,  Paulding  and  Van 
Wert  Counties.  Their  practice  of  hil)ernating  in 
hollow  trees  throughout  the  winter,  made  them  little 
more  than  skin  and  bones  when  they  came  forth  in 
the  Spring. 

The  Red,  Black,  Silver  Grey  and  Cross  Fox,  were 
found  in  this  region.  They  all  wereof  one  family,  and 
intermix  with  each  other — the  last  named  by  a  "cross" 
between  the  Red  and  the  Black.  The  furs  of  the 
Silver  Grey  and  the  Black  were  most  highly  valued, 
a  single  skin  having  been  sold  as  high  as  iJTo.OO.  The 
Woods  Grey,  a  very  common  species,  was  readily 
caught  by  treeing,  but  his  fur  was  comparatively 
coarse  and  brittle.  A  Black  Fox  was  often  scented  in 
this  neighl)orhood,  where  he  was  readily  found  for  a 
number  of  years,  and  led  the  hounds  in  a  straight 
line  for  the  Cottonwood  Swamp,  some  15  miles  dis- 
tant ;  but  in  a  couple  of  days  would  be  sure  to  return. 


[28] 


GAME. 


2!) 


He  lost  liis  life  by  crossing  a  road  near  to  where  John 
Kaufman,  then  and  3'et  of  Toledo,  was  watching  a 
Deer  runway,  on  the  IManhattan  Road  below  Tre- 
niaiusville,  when  Kaufman  wounded  him  with  a 
charge  of  buck-shot,  and  he  never  again  appeared. 
His  remains  were  soon  afterwards  found  near  the 
place  where  he  was  shot.  Since  then  very  few 
Cross  Foxes  have  been  seen  in  this  region,  though 
previoush'  much  the  larger  proportion  were  of  that 
description. 

Barlgers  never  were  numerous  in  this  section, 
though  Judge  Potter  had  occasionally  seen  them  on 
the  sand  ridges  in  Washington  Township,  near  the 
Haughton  settlement.  Being  gregarious,  they  bur- 
rowed in  sand- knolls  and  dry  places.  They  were  a 
dirty  gray  on  the  back  and  black  on  the  belly. 
Badger  hunting  was  characterized  as  "  more  a  bar- 
barous than  a  civilized  recreation."  The  hunter 
creeps  stealthily  to  the  burrow  at  night,  and  inserts 
a  bag  in  the  hole,  with  a  puckering  string  at  the  open 
end  made  fast  to  a  stake  in  the  ground.  The  dogs 
are  then  turned  loose,  the  field  scoured,  and  the 
Badgers  fly  to  their  home  only  to  be  bagged.  They 
are  taken  one  at  a  time  and  removed  from  the  bag 
and  despatched  by  dogs  trained  for  such  conflicts,  the 
Badger  often  making  a  heroic  fight,  terribly  wound- 
ing the  dogs. 

Panthers  were  frequently  killed  on  the  East  side 
of  the  River,  but  were  not  numerous.  Once  or  twice 
Lynx  were  found,  and  Wild  Cat  in  great  abundance. 
The  latter  offered  good  sport  for  the  hunter.  The 
Judge  had  killed  as  many  as  three  in  a  day  in  the 
swale  near  East  Toledo  (the  Sixth  Ward). 

Small  game  was  abundant — Prairie  Chicken,  Par- 
tridge, Quail,  AVoodcock  and  Snipe.  He  had  seen  on 
Summit  street  near  Oak,  over  .500  Prairie  Chickens  at 
one  time;  and  tliousan<ls  together  on  the  open  lands 
within  six  miles  of  Toledo.  Hundreds  of  dozens  of 
Quail  had  been  sold  in  the  streets  of  Toledo  for  a 
shilling  (I2I2  cents)  per  dozen  alive,  and  at  18%  cents 
a  dozen  when  dressed,  having  been  caught  with  traps 
in  the  neighborhood.  Ducks  and  Geese  were  plenty 
in  the  River  above  the  Town,  though  very  few  persons 
hunted  them  or  any  of  the  smaller  birds.  Frenchmen 
from  the  Bay  brought  in  Ducks  and  Geese  and  sold 
them  for  30  cents  per  ilozen. 

The  first  shot-gun  Judge  Potter  ever  saw  here  be- 
longed to  Naaman  Goodsell;  the  next  brought  here 
were  by  Dr.  H.  A.  Ackley  and  Charles  M.  Dorr.  For 
a  long  time  he  that  used  a  shot-gun  was  not  regarded 
as  much  of  a  hunter.  The  rifle  was  the  popular 
weapon.  But  as  the  Deer  and  the  Turkey  became 
scarce,  attention  was  called  to  the  smaller  game,  for 
which  the  shot-gun  was  better  adapted,  until  the 
rifle  has  pretty  much  disappeared  from  among  sports- 
men. 

Of  the  Hunter  of  pioneer  times,  Judge  Pot- 
ter said : 

He  is  a  pretty  jolly,  independent  sort  of  an  in- 
dividual. His  ajjpetite  never  fails  him  ;  his  digestion 
is  always  good.     He  sleeps  well,  whether  under  the 


open  sky  or  in  a  wigwam.  He  has  his  laws — unwrit- 
ten, but  well  understood — and  more  strictly  oljserved 
than  your  City  ordinances,  with  a  Police  Chief  and  his 
pos.se  to  enforce  them.  The  Hunter  could  hang  uj) 
his  game  in  the  woods,  and  it  would  hang  until  it 
rotted  down ;  and  nobody — not  even  a  hungry  Ottawa 
Indian — would  touch  it.  Attracted  to  the  forest  by 
a  love  for  the  chase  and  a  passion  for  adventure,  the 
Hunter  becomes  the  pioneer  of  civilization.  The 
forests  disappear  before  him.  Sunlight  is  let  into  the 
dark  corners;  the  Savage  and  the  wild  beast  recede 
before  him.  The  waving  Corn,  the  School-House, 
the  Seminary  and  the  Church  spire,  that  ri.se  up  in 
his  path,  are  the  monuments  of  his  courage,  his  per- 
severance and  his  sacrifices.  It  is  no  wonder  that 
the  Indian  Heaven  is  "the  happy  hunting-ground," 
for  I  look  back  upon  my  hunting  days  in  the  Jlau- 
mee  Valley  as  I  may  probably  be  allowed  to  do  in 
the  time  to  come. 

Throughout  the  earlier  years  of  AVe.stern 
settlement,  the  forests  and  waters  were  so 
abundantly  sujjplied  with  game  that  the 
thought  of  its  protection  from  undue  destruc- 
tion was  not  entertained.  Hunters  roamed  and 
killed,  as  their  need  or  their  pleasure  might 
suggest.  The  result  was,  that  the  more  valua- 
ble species  of  wild  game  were  graduall}-  re- 
duced in  quantity,  and  so  rapidly  that  ere  long 
the  matter  of  their  preservation  from  early 
extinction  commanded  attention  both  from 
citizens  and  from  the  State  Legislature.  In  duo 
time  laws  were  passed  for  tbe  protection  of 
game  and  fish,  which,  duly  enforced,  gave 
promise  of  valuable  results.  But  these  were 
so  largely  at  variance  with  all  previous  usage, 
that  no  little  repugnance,  and  even  defiance, 
were  shown  by  those  who  looked  upon  game 
as  upon  the  air  they  breathed,  as  the  natural 
right  of  a]l  who  might  seek  it.  This  was 
specially  true  in  the  cases  of  the  owners  of  the 
lands  and  waters  where  game  and  fish  were 
found.  To  say  that  an  owner  should  not,  at 
his  will,  trap  or  shoot  the  animals  or  birds 
grown  upon  his  lands,  was  an  innovation  quite 
revolting  to  his  views  of  right.  Hence,  the 
policy  of  legal  protection  to  game  and  fish,  was 
strongly  opposed  in  nearly  all  localities  where 
it  was  applicable,  and  it  was  found  necessarj' 
in  that,  as  in  manj'  other  cases  of  poj^ular  dis- 
favor to  law,  to  give  the  enactment  the  or- 
ganized support  of  its  friends.  And  here, 
again,  was  met  a  source  of  weakness,  in  the 
fact  that  such  support  came  largely  from  non- 
residents, and,  worse  still,  from  residents  of 
Cities  and  Towns,  to  whom,  with  more  effect 
than  justice,  could  bo  attributed  the  motive  of 


30 


mSTOHY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


the  En.f^lish  land-owners,  in  Jenyino-  to  the 
common  people  their  natural  right  to  game,  in 
order  that  others  might  monopolize  it.  But  the 
laws  referred  to,  while  not  meeting  whollj'  the 
end  sought,  were  valuable  in  materially  check- 
ing the  rapid  destruction  of  game. 

The  most  prominent  organization  in  this 
region,  if  not  in  the  State,  for  the  support  of 
the  game  laws,  was  the  Mauniee  Valley  Shoot- 
ing Association.  It  was  organized  October 
28,  1867.  Its  avowed  principal  objects  were 
to  secure  the  enactment  and  enforcement  of 
pi'oper  laws  for  the  protection  and  preserva- 
tion of  fi.sh  and  game  in  this  section,  and  to 
promote  acquaintance  and  .social  intercourse 
among  resident  sportsmen.  From  December, 
ISCT,  until  July,  1869,  the  Association  occupied 
rooms  in  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  (corner  of 
Madi.son  and  Summit  streets).  Thence  it  went 
to  more  commodious  quarters  in  the  Drum- 
mond  Block  (corner  of  Madison  and  St.  Clair 
streets).  For  nine  years  the  organization 
maintained  a  vigorous  activity  and  accom- 
]ilished  much  in  inspiring  respect  for  the  game 
laws  of  the  State;  enforcing  their  general  ob- 
.servance,  and  creating  a  pulilic  sentiment  in 
fivvor  of  the  objects  which  led  to  its  organiza- 
tion. It  also  made  an  extensive  and  valuable 
ornithological  collection,  embracing  specimens 
of  nearly  or  quite  all  the  upland  game-birds 
and  water-fowls  known  to  this  localit}*.  That 
collection  was  destroyed  by  fire  at  the  burning 
of  the  Hall  Block,  in  December,  1880,  incurring 
a  loss  not  only  great,  but  from  the  nature  of 
the  case,  irreparable. 

The  principal  officers  of  the  Mauniec  Valley 
Shooting  Association  from  October,  1867,  to 
1876,  were  as  follows:  To  January,  1868 — 
President,  Eobert  Cummings;  Secretary,  Zeb- 
ulon  C.  Pheatt;  Treasurer,  Dr.  C.  H.  Harroun. 
For  1868— D.  C.  Baldwin,  President;  Z.  C. 
Pheatt,  Secretary;  C.  H.  Harroun,  Treasui-er. 
1869-70— Chas.  O.  Brigham,  President;  Z.  C. 
Pheatt,  Secretary;  E.  E.  Skinner,  Treasurer. 
1871— W.  B.  Wiltbank,  President;  Theo. 
Klemm,  Secretary;  William  Schansenbacli, 
Treasurer.  1872-76— Z.  0.  Pheatt,  President; 
Theo.  Klemm,  Secretary;  William  Schansen- 
bach.  Treasurer. 

Under  date  of  July  17,  1815,  Alex.  C. 
Lanier,  who  had  been  a  soldier  in  General 
Harrison's  army  at  Fort  Meigs,  furnished 
the  Ohio  Republican  (Cincinnati),  a  letter  in 


regard  to  the  fish  supply  in  the  Maumee  Eiver, 
and  suggested  "  a  plan  for  siipplying  the  State 
of  Ohio  with  salted  fish."  His  plan  was  sub- 
stantially this :  To  establish  a  companj'  at 
Cleveland,  with  a  capital  of  840,000 ;  build 
vessels  suitable  for  Lake  service  of  70  tons, 
which  should  be  employed  in  transporting  salt 
from  the  port  nearest  to  Onondaga,  N.  Y.,  to 
the  different  fisheries  on  the  Maumee,  as  far  up 
as  the  Eapids  of  the  St.  Mary's.  He  would  have 
four  seines  of  100  fathoms  each  in  length,  to  be 
employed  from  the  breaking  up  of  the  ice  to 
close  of  the  season.  The  fish,  when  cured,  to 
be  taken  by  the  vessels  to  the  different  Lake 
ports,  and  thence  distributed.  The  fish  season 
over,  he  would  employ  the  fishermen  inbuilding 
traps  up  the  Maumee,  Auglaize,  St.  Mary's  and 
St.  Jose])h  Elvers,  whence  the  fish  thus  caught 
would  be  taken  in  keels  and  pirogues  up  the 
St.  Mary's  and  Auglaize,  wagoned  acro.ss  to 
Loramie's,  and  conveyed  down  the  Miami  Eiver 
to  supply  the  Western  portion  of  the  State. 

Mr.  Lanier  stated  that  he  had  known  of  27 
bari'els  of  fish  being  taken  by  one  traji  in  a 
single  night  above  Fort  Winchester,  on  the 
Auglaize.  He  said  :  "  Nature  has  destined  the 
waters  of  this  Lake  to  supply  this  country 
with  fish,"  and  asked:  "Will  the  people  of 
Ohio  be  so  neglectful  of  their  own  interests,  as 
to  let  this  valuable  branch  of  business  be 
neglected  (or  fall  into  the  hands  of  the  British), 
and  still  continue  to  import  the  few  fish  we 
now  nse  from  the  Eastern  States?"  A  writer, 
under  date  of  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  June  9,  1813, 
says,  "the  quantity  offish  taken  at  Fort  Meigs 
was  most  surjirising.  Some  days  there  were 
not  less  than  1,000  to  1,500  of  an  excellent  kind 
taken  with  the  hook,  within  300  j-ards  of  the 
Fort."  The  writer  said  :  "  No  one  can  visit 
this  spot  and  not  be  charmed  by  its  appearance 
and  the  advantages  of  its  situation." 

A  severe  storm  of  wind  occurred  about  the 
1st  of  November,  1873,  causing  severe  injury 
to  the  fishing  interests,  chiefij'  about  Sandusky. 
Following  the  storm  the  catch  of  fish  was  ex- 
traordinary. One  firm  brought  to  Toledo  44,000 
]iound8,  chiefly  white  fish,  taken  from  their 
nets  at  a  single  haul.  In  .some  cases  the  fish- 
ermen were  unable  to  remove  the  fish  as  fast  as 
they  got  into  the  nets. 

In  March,  1858,  Eobert  C.  Navarre,  then 
fishing  at  Cedar  Point,  Maumee  Bay,  after  3 
o'clock  V.  jf.  made  three   hauls  with  an  SO-roil 


THE  AGUE  IN  POETRY  AND  ELSEWHERE. 


31 


seine,  taking  at  the  first  haul,  50  baskets,  at 
the  second,  42  baskets,  and  at  the  third,  22 
baskets,  making  114  baskets  of  extra  size. 
The  weight  of  fish  was  250  pounds  to  the 
basket,  thus  making  the  total  weight  28,500 
pounds,  or  over  14  tons.  The  fish  were 
mostly  pickerel.  It  was  said  to  be  thegreatest 
success  ever  had  in  the  Bay.  The  value  of  the 
fish,  read  J'  for  the  market,  was  $950. 

So  abundant  were  fish  in  the  Maumee  River 
in  earlj' daj's,  that  great  quantities  were  caught 
by  spearing  with  pitchforks  and  by  means  of 
baskets  and  bed  blankets.  It  is  repoi-ted  that 
Major  Stickney  constructed  a  rude  sort  of  a 
diving-bell,  into  which  he  put  one  of  his  sons 
(possibly  Two),  and  plunged  it  overboard  in 
the  River,  the  boy  catching  the  fish  as  they 
swam  by,  and  passing  them  up  to  his  father,' 
who  sat  quietly  smoking  his  pipe  in  a  canoe 
overhead.  But  this  story  lacks  somewhat  in 
the  verification  of  absolute  history. 

While  the  Maumee  \alley  has  always  been 
reserved  in  its  claims  to  eminence  in  the  way 
of  poetry,  there  has  been  for  over  50  years  in- 
timately associated  with  the  locality  at  least  one 
production.  It  was  first  definitely  I'ecognized  as 
genuine,  and  as  the  work  of  "  a  genius  of  the 
Cat- Fish  tribe,"  by  the  Maumee  City  Express, 
June  24,  1837,  although  then  already  familiar 
to  the  country.     It  is  as  follows  : 

On  Maumee,  on  Maumee,         * 

Potatoes  they  grow  small ; 
They  roast  them  in  the  fire, 

And  eat  them — tops  and  all. 

There's  Bass  and  Mullet,  too ; 

They  run  from  Spring  till  Fall  ; 
They  take  them  by  the  tail. 

And  down  them — scales  and  all. 

There's  'Possum,  Coon  and  Fox, 

So  poor  they  scarce  can  crawl ; 
They  catcli  them  in  a  trap, 

And  eat  them — fur  and  all. 

There's  Crows  upon  the  bank. 

So  lean  they  never  sijuall  ; 
They  shoot  them  through  the  eye. 

And  take  them — down  and  all. 

The  soil  is  rich  and  black  ; 

The  Corn  it  grows  quite  tall ; 
They  take  it  from  the  field, 

And  eat  it — cobs  and  all. 

On  New  Year's  holiday 

The  chaps  they  have  a  ball  ; 
'Tis  whiskey  in  a  gourd  ; 

They  drink  it — gourd  and  all. 


The  Girls  are  plump  and  fair ; 

The  Babes  know  how  to  bawl ; 
The  Boys  they  always  court 

The  Girl,  Mam,  Dad  and  all. 

On  Maumee,  on  Maumee, 

'Tis  Ague  in  the  Fall ; 
The  fit  will  sliake  them  so, 

It  rocks  the  house  and  all. 

There's  a  funeral  every  day, 

Without  a  hearse  or  pall ; 
They  luck  them  in  the  ground. 

With  breeches,  coat  and  all. 

This  certainlj'  shows  something  of'  poetical 
license."  Old  settlers,  sensitive  about  such 
matters,  may  think  it  has  more  lie  than  sense. 
And  even  these  have  seen  the  time  when  they 
could  have  better  endured  the  "  poetry-,"  had 
there  been  in  it  less  of  "  truth."  The  present 
generation  of  dwellers  on  "the  Maumee,"  in 
view  of  the  exceptionally  good  health  of  the 
region,  feel  no  sensitiveness  over  the  old-time 
reports  in  that  respect,  whether  set  forth  in 
prose  or  in  rhyme.  They  can  even  endure  the 
"old,  old  story"  of  the  traveler,  who,  tbllow- 
ing  directions  to  take  "  the  main  traveled 
road,"  soon  brought  up  in  a  grave-yard. 

In  this  connection,  may  be  pertinent  an  ar- 
ticle from  the  Express  of  November  24,  1838, 
in  which  the  then  not  rare  subject,  "  The 
Ague,  '  is  philosophically  treated.  It  was 
written  by  the  Editor,  Mr.  Henry  Reed,  Jr., 
now  of  California,  after  the  issue  of  two  or 
three  editions  of  his  papier  on  what  were  called 
"  half-sheets,"  or  sheets  half  the  regular  size. 
In  one  of  these  issues  he  stated  that  every  body 
about  the  office  was  sick — "both  seniors  and 
juniors — every  person,  except  the  Devil !"  The 
editor  .said  :  "  As  there  is  a  striking  affinity  be- 
tween poverty  and  pickled  salmon,  so  there  no 
doubt  exists  a  near  relationship  between  the 
fever  and  ague  and  profane  asseveration  ;  and 
if  the  Recording  Angel  has  not  on  hand  a 
fountain  of  tears  more  plentiful  than  the  wash- 
pots  of  Edom,  he  has  doubtless  but  a  sorry 
time  of  it  in  the  exijenditure  of  elbow  grease 
and  blotting  paper,  to  keep  his  accounts  with 
this  country  posted  up  between  the  1st  of  Au- 
gust and  the  last  of  September.  Be  that  as  it 
may,  let  a  man  try  it,  and  if  his  pious  matter 
does  not  become  hard  granite,  his  crystalline 
humors  get  out  of  all  good  humor,  and  the 
milk  of  his  human  kindness  turn  to  rank 
'  Bonny-Clabber  '   in  his  bosom,  he   may  con- 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


gratiilato  liimsolf  on  possessing  more  of  the 
si)iril  of  the  niurtyrs,  than  any  man  wc  wot  of 
between  the  great  Lakes  and  the  Pacific  Ocean. 
Wo  know  wo  shall  disoblige  a  young  friend  of 
ours,  by  stealing  Ins  doggerel;  but  as  it  ex- 
presses what  almost  everybody  feels  ou  such 
occasions,  we  shall  run  the  risk.  The  language 
lias  a  savor  of  technologj",  but  we  hope  no  one 
will  from  thence  infer  the  author  : 

"  I  know  it's  not  right  to  swear  and  curse, 
For  it  puts  no  money  in  tlic  jiursc  ; 
Besi<U's,  it  onlj-  makes  one  worse, 
To  curse  and  to  swear. 

"  But  when  a-body's  shivering  and  shaking, 
Os  ikntes  chattering,  os  humani  aching, 
The  spinal  pillar  twisting  and  breaking, 
■\Vho  can  forbear?" 

The  group  of  Islands  lying  at  the  Western 
end  of  Lake  Erie,  and  known  as  Put-in-Bay 
Islands,  although  having  been  partially  occu- 
pied by  a  few  squatters  for  many  years,  never 
attracted  much  attention  from  persons  seeking 
permanent  settlement  until  after  the  year  1854. 
At  that  time  Mr.  J.  DeRivera,  a  Spaniard,  and 
a  merchant  in  New  York,  having  become 
acquainted  with  that  vicinity  and  favorably 
impressed  by  its  natural  attractions,  purchased 
five  entire  Islands — South  Bass  (Put-in-Bay), 
Middle  Bass,  Ballast,  Sugar  and  Gibraltar — 
the  whole  containing  2,50U  acres  of  land.  The 
circumstances  of  his  purchase,  as  stated  by 
himself  in  1886,  were  as  follows: 

I  was  a  poor  lad,  born  in  Spain  in  1813.  At  the 
age  of  13  I  came  to  America,  and  in  time  was  engaged 
as  tlie  representative  of  a  New  York  house  which 
took  me  much  abroad.  I  did  well,  and  in  time  went 
into  business  for  myself.  Fortune  was  with  me,  and 
I  accumulated  wealth  in  the  foreign  commission 
trade.  Withal,  1  had  a  taste  for  agricultural  pursuits 
on  a  large  scale.  In  1854  I  made  a  tour  of  the  South- 
ern States  with  the  view  of  opening  up  a  jjlantation 
manned  with  Spaniards.  I  found  a  suitable  location, 
but  was  told  a  plantation  cultivated  by  whites  (in  the 
days  of  slavery)  would  never  do,  and  so  desisted.  I 
came  North  and  heard  of  the  beauty  of  the  Islands 
of  Lake  Erie,  and  resolved  to  visit  them.  A  San- 
dusky boat  was  engaged  for  the  trip,  and  three  un- 
successful attempts  were  made  to  reach  the  Islands. 
I  then  went  to  the  harbor  near  where  now  is  Lake- 
side. A  lone  fisherman  and  his  boat  were  chartered 
and  the  voyage  was  made  in  the  night.  This  was  32 
years  ago.  The  old  Mansion  house  was  the  only 
structure  on  the  Island,  and  to  this  I  made  my  way. 
Next  morning  I  was  up  with  the  sun,  and  walked 
aliout  the  Island  and  down  on  the  beach.  It  was  a 
case  of  love  at  first  sight,  and  in  forty-eight  hours 


after  I  first  set  foot  on  Put-in-Bay,  I  owned  the  five 
Islands  at  a  cost  of  $44,000.  From  that  time  on  I  have 
circulated  much  between  New  York  and  my  Island 
home,  generally  summering  here.  I  first  turned 
Put-in-Bay  into  a  sheep  ranch,  at  one  time  having  a 
herd  of  about  2,000.  Gradually  I  disposed  of  these 
and  converted  the  Island  into  a  fruit  farm.  As  other 
people  turned  their  attention  this  way,  I  disposed  of 
my  interests  until  I  have  only  300  acres  left.  Jay 
Cooke  paid  me  §3,000  for  Gibraltar,  where  his  castle 
now  stands.  Fifteen  years  ago  I  retired  from  busi- 
ness, a  millionaire.  The  estate  consisted  of  slate 
works  in  Vermont,  a  West  India  sugar  plantation,  a 
large  property  in  Kentucky  and  other  interests. 
Four  yeai's  ago  I  came  to  Put-in-Bay  to  live  perma- 
nently, where  my  family  visit  me  in  the  summer.  It 
is  here  I  expect  to  pass  quietly  the  rest  of  my  life, 
and  it  was  here  the  news  came  of  my  financial  ruin. 

The  financial  embarrassment  referred  to  by 
Mr.  Eivera,  was  caused  by  obligations  assumed 
in  aid  of  a  son,  a  Sugar  Merchant  in  New  York, 
who  failed  in  1886,  for  a  large  sum  of  money. 
The  development  and  improvement  of  these 
Islands,  without  doubt,  were  materially  pro- 
moted by  Mr.  Rivera's  purchase,  followed,  as 
that  soon  was,  by  successful  tests  of  the  soil 
and  climate  for  grape  production,  as  well  as 
for  health  and  pleasure. 

In  a  letter  published  in  the  Toledo  Blade  of 
July  17,  1846,  Maj.  B.  F.  Stickney,  by  request 
of  Elisha  Whittlesey,  made  the  following  ex- 
planation of  the  origin  of  the  name  "  Maumee," 
as  given  to  the  stream  now  bearing  it : 

"  At  an  unknown,  but  very  remote  period,  the 
Wyandot  Indians  were  acknowledged  to  have  the 
most  power  and  wisdom  of  any  of  the  Eastern  part 
of  the  Continent — occupying  all  the  country  North 
of  the  Niagara  River  and  Lakes  Ontario  and  Erie — 
having  an  absolute  Monarchical  Government,  with  its 
seat  where  Montreal  now  is.  The  title  of  the  Jlon- 
arch,  in  their  language,  was  Sans-taw-rit-sa.  He  ex- 
ercised p  general  superintending  control  East  of  tlie 
Mississippi,  and  probably  farther  West.  The  Wyan- 
dots  acknowledged  no  superior,  on  the  Continent, 
except  the  Mexicans  ;  and  communication  was  kept 
up  between  Sans-taw-rit-sa  and  Montezuma.  The 
traditions  of  all  tribes  of  the  Eastern  part  of  the  Con- 
tinent show  that  they  all  came  from  the  West.  The 
tribe  we  now  call  Miamis,  came  sulisequent  to  the 
Wyandots.  The  King  of  the  Wyandots,  for  some 
cause,  sent  a  deputation  from  Montreal  as  far  West 
as  where  Fort  Wayne  now  is.  There,  for  the  first 
time,  they  saw  some  persons  of  this  tribe,  and  they 
were  very  old  or  ancient  people,  Mi-a-mi.  The  name 
they  use  for  themselves  is  Tweet-twee.  The  French 
took  the  name  from  the  Wyandots  and  gave  it  their 
authority.  In  English  the  sound  would  be  Mee-a- 
mee — the  Frencli  sounding  (  as  wo  do  ce. ;  and  o  as 
we  do  in  father.     We  took  the  orthograi>liy  from  the 


THE  WORD  "MAUMEE." 


33 


French,  and  they  called  this  River  Mi-a-mi,  because 
they  found  people  here  whom  they  called  Miamis. 
They  found  some  of  the  same  on  the  two  Rivers  dis- 
charging into  the  Ohio,  and  called  by  the  same  name. 
To  distinguish  between  them,  they  said  '  The  Miami  of 
Lake  Erie,'  and  the  '  Big '  and  the '  Little  Miami  of  the 
Ohio.'  During  the  extensive  military  operations  on 
this  River  in  the  War  of  1812,  much  use  was  made  of 
the  name  by  persons  who  did  not  understand  French, 
and  took  the  French  sound  of  Mi-a-rai  to  be  Maumee; 
and  when  the  City  of  Maumee  was  named,  this  cor- 
ruption was  confirmed. 

"  The  Miamis  showed  me  a  treaty  on  parchment, 
which  they  negotiated  with  William  Penn  at  Phila- 
delphia. They  said  this  was  their  first  treaty  with 
white  people.  It  had  a  blue  ribbon  attached  to  the 
seal.  In  addition,  there  was  a  pressed  dried  heart 
attached  to  the  ribbon.  The  end  of  the  ribbon  ap- 
peared to  have  been  inserted  into  the  heart  in  its  un- 
dried  state,  and  then  dried  and  pressed.  They  told 
me  this  was  the  heart  of  the  Indian  who  was  the  first 
signer,  and  who  held  it  in  his  possession  until  his 
death." 

An  unsuccessful  attempt  was  once  made  to 
change  the  names  "  Maumee  Eiver  "  and  "  Mau- 
mee Valley,"  to  "  Grand  Rapids  Eiver  "  and 
"Grand  Eapids  Yalley."  For  this  purpose,  a 
number  of  persons  met  iu  Toledo  November  7, 
1855,  and  after  setting  forth   by  preamble  that 


"  the  early  associations  of  the  Eiver,  aided  bj' 
a  poet's  wit,  had  given  tliese  an  unjust  and  un- 
favorable reputation,'"  it  was  "  resolved,  that 
the  Maumee  River  and  the  Maumee  Bay  be 
hereafter  known  as  the  Grand  Eapids  Eiver 
and  the  Grand  Rapids  Bay,"  antl  the  local  press 
of  "  Grand  Eapids  Valley  "  was  retjuested  to 
publish  such  action.  The  Chairman  of  this 
meeting  was  S.  J.  Kuder,  and  the  Secretary 
W.  M.  Scott.  No  further  mention  is  found  of 
efforts  in  that  direction,  the  public  sentiment 
not  approving  the  proposed  change.  The  only 
step  taken  of  that  sort  was  the  substitution  of 
Grand  Rapids  for  the  name  of  Gilead,  on  the 
Eiver  in  "Wood  County.  Not  long  after  the 
above  named  meeting,  the  nlatter  of  sub- 
stituting the  name  "Miami"  for  "Maumee," 
was  discussed  with  much  favor,  but  nothing 
was  accomplished.  Still  later,  the  people  of 
Maumee  City— for  a  reason  substantially  the 
same  as  given  in  the  case  of  the  Eiver,  Valley 
and  Bay — had  the  name  of  their  Town  changed 
to  South  Toledo,  a  change  which  never  com- 
mended itself  to  the  general  approval  of  the 
people  of  that  place,  or  to  the  judgment  of  the 
public. 


I 


PART    III 


MILITARY. 


II 


CHAPTER    I. 


INDIAN     TROUBLES     FOLLOWING     THE    REVOLUTIONARY    WAR.  —  INDIAN    STATESMANSHIP. FAILURE 

OF    NEGOTIATIONS.  —  GENERAL    WAYNe's     MILITARY    MOVEMENTS. TREATY    OF     GREENVILLE. 

RESTORATION    OF    PEACE. DEATH    OF    WAYNE. CAPTAIN    WILLIAM    WELLS. 


THE  continued  unsettled  condition  of  the 
entire  Nortliwestern  country,  largely 
agiiravated  by  the  failures  of  the  campaigns  of 
Ilarmar  and  St.  Clair,  and  other  coincident 
hostile  movements  against  the  Indians,  imposed 
upon  the  (lovernment  imperative  necessity  for 
jjrompt  and  more  vigorous  measui*es  in  behalf 
of  enforced  peace.  Recognizing  such  emer- 
gency, President  Washington,  in  April,  1792, 
nominated  General  Aiithony  Wayne  for  Major- 
Gcneral  of  the  Ai-mj-,  with  special  reference  to 
ojierating  against  the  Indians  of  the  North- 
west. Such  a])pointment  was  accepted  by 
General  Wayne,  u]>on  the  expressed  condition 
that  he  should  not,  as  in  the  cases  of  Generals 
Harmai'  and  St.  Clair,  bo  re(|uircd  to  advance 
into  the  wilderness  before  his  army  was 
])ro]icrly  constituted  and  drilled  ;  and  with  the 
I'lirlher  condition,  that  adequate  provision  of 
material  be  supplied  before  a  movement.  He 
was  specially  led  to  such  requirements  by  the 
knowledge  that  two  of  his  Revolutionary  com- 
])alriots  had  sutfered  failure,  and  one  of  them 
((Jeneral  St.  Clair)  serious  defeat,  from  un- 
timely advance  upon  the  enemy.  The  fol- 
lowing spring  (of  IT'.Kt),  preliminar3'  to  an  ad- 
vance by  General  Wayne,  a  Board  of  Commis- 
sioners (Benjamin  Lincoln,  Beverly  Randolph 
and  Timothy  Pickering)  was  appointed  by  the 
President,  with  authority  to  negotiate  a  treaty 
of  peace  and  boundaries  with  the  several  tribes 
of  Indians  in  the  Northwest.  Much  confidence 
was  felt  in  the  success  of  this  measure,  on 
which  would  depend  the  necessity  of  a  military 
can)])aign  for  the  enforcement  of  peace.  In 
April,  1793,  the  Commissioners  received  their 
instructions,  which  included  the  securing  of  a 
confirmation  of  the  treaty  of  Fort  Harmar 
(17S'J),  and  more  particularly  that  part  of  the 
same  which  fixed  the  boundaries  and  ceded  to 
tlu^  Government  the  lands  lying  East,  South 
and  West  of  a  line  drawn  up  the  Cuyahoga 
River,  from  its  mouth  to  the  ])ortage  of  the 
Tuscarawas  branch  of  the  Muskingum  ;  thence 
down  that  branch  to  the  forks  ;  thence  West  to 


the  portage  of  the  Big  Miami,  called  the  Lor- 
amies;  thence  along  that  portage  to  the 
Miami  (sometimes  called  Ome  or  Maumee), 
and  down  the  same  to  its  mouth  ;  thence  along 
the  Southern  shore  of  Lake  Erie  to  the  be- 
ginning at  the  mouth  of  the  Cuyahoga.  In 
consideration  of  such  concessions,  the  Commis- 
sioners were  instructed  to  offer  the  Indians  the 
guarantee  by  the  United  States  of  the  right  of 
soil  to  all  remaining  lands  in  that  quarter,  and 
the  relinquishment  of  places  granted  in  the 
former  treaty  for  trading  posts ;  and  also  the 
abandonment  of  any  military  posts  existing 
within  the  boundaries  named  in  the  treaty. 
To  this,  they  were  to  offer  payment  of  $50,000 
in  hand,  and  a  permanent  annuity  of  $10,000. 
The  Commissioners  proceeded  to  Niagara, 
where  they  were  received  by  Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor Simcoe,  of  Canada,  whose  hospitalities 
they  accepted.  May  30th  they  advised  Colonel 
McKee,  Superintendent  of  Indian  Affairs,  of 
their  mission  and  their  purpose  to  hold  a  treaty 
at  Sandusky,  requesting  him  to  inform  the' 
Indians  that  they  would  meet  them  the  latter 
part  of  June  following.  General  Chapin,  Su- 
perintendent of  the  Six  Nations,  was  invited 
to  attend  the  treaty,  with  compensation.  June 
7th  they  addressed  Governor  Simcoe,  sug- 
gesting the  delicacy  and  importance  of  their 
mission,  soliciting  his  co-operation  in  removing 
the  prejudices  then  existing  with  the  Indians 
toward  the  United  States,  and  suggesting  the 
appointment  of  British  ofliccrs,  to  accompany 
them  to  Sandusky.  To  all  this  the  Governor 
acceded.  They  were  detained  for  some  days 
by  adverse  winds.  Meantime  Colonel  Butler,  a 
British  Superintendent  of  Indian  Affairs,  and 
Captain  Brandt  arrived,  with  some  50  Indians, 
a  delegation  from  the  Nations  assembled  at  the 
Rapids  of  the  Maumee,  to  confer  with  the 
United  States  Commissioners  in  the  presence 
of  Governor  Simcoe,  in  regard  to  the  proposed 
meeting  of  the  Indians  at  the  Rapids  with  the 
Commissioners,  for  holding  a  treaty.  The 
matter  was  freely  discussed,  pro  and  con.,  but 


[o7] 


38 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


witlioul  roufhinj;  an  agreement  for  a  joint 
.  iiiui'liiig.  The  Iiidian.s  made  it  a  condition 
j)reeo(k'nl  to  iindertakin.tr:  a  treaty,  that  the 
Ohio  River  should  be  the  boundary  between 
their  hinds  aud  those  of  the  Whites.  This 
liroposition  was  signed  by  Chiefs  of  the 
Wyandots,  Dehiwares,  iShawnecs,  Miamis, 
Mingocs,  Pottawatomies,  Ottawas,  Conuoys, 
Clii|>iiewas  and  Alunsees. 

JJeplj-ing  to  sucii  2:)roposition,  the  Commis- 
sioners said : 

We  do  know  very  well,  that  at  the  treat}'  of  Fort 
.Stanwix,  25  yi'ars  ago,  the  Kivcr  Ohio  was  agreed  on 
as  tlie  boundary  line  ;  and  we  also  know,  tliat  seven 
yeare  after  that  boundary  was  fixed,  a  quarrel  broke 
out  between  your  father,  the  King  of  Great  Britain, 
and  the  ])eoi)le  of  the  Colonies,  which  are  now  the 
United  States.  The  quarrel  was  ended  by  the  treaty 
of  i)eaoe  made  with  the  King  about  10  years  ago,  by 
wliifh  the  great  Lakes  and  the  waters  which  unite 
them,  was  declared  by  him  to  be  the  boundaries  of 
the  United  States. 

The  Commissioners  then  refer  in  detail  to 
the  several  ti'eaties  with  tribes  held  subsequent 
to  the  close  of  the  Revolution,  and  in  support 
of  tlie  claim  to  a  division  of  the  lands  North  of 
the  Ohio,  cite  the  White  settlements  already 
made  within  such  territory,  which  could  not 
be  abandoned.  The  Indians  were  inflexible  in 
their  condition  of  boundary',  when  the  Com- 
jni.ssioners  declared  the  negotiations  ended, 
saying :  "  We  sincerely  regret  that  peace  is  not 
the  result;  but  knowing  the  upright  and  liberal 
views  of  the  United  States,  which,  so  far  as 
you  gave  us  opportunity,  we  have  explained  to 
you,  we  trust  that  impartial  judges  will  not 
attribute  the  continuance  of  the  war  to  them." 
This  was  done  at  Captain  Elliott's,  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Detroit  Eiver,  August  16,  1793. 

In  this  connection  may  properh-  be  given  a 
specimen  of  the  acumen  and  true  statesman- 
ship which  marked  the  discussion  of  the  rude 
denizens  of  the  forest.  For  such  purpose  is 
reproduced  a  portion  of  the  final  answer  of  the 
Indian  Council  at  the  Rapids  of  the  Maumeeto 
the  communication  of  the  Commissioners  in 
which  they  declared  the  negotiations  closed. 
Referring  to  the  offer  of  money  consideration 
by  the  Commissioners,  the  Council  said : 

Money  to  us  is  of  no  value,  and  to  must  of  us 
unknown.  And,  as  no  consideration  whatever  can 
induce  us  to  sell  tlie  lands  on  which  we  get  sustenance 
for  our  women  and  children,  we  hope  we  may  be 
allowed  to  point  out  a  mode  by  whicli  your  settlers 


may  be  very  easily  removed,  ami  peace  thereliy  ob- 
tained. We  know  [as  the  Commissioners  bad  stated] 
that  these  settlers  are  poor,  or  they  would  never 
liave  ventured  to  live  in  a  country  which  has  been 
in  continual  trouble  ever  since  they  crossed  the  Ohio. 
Divide,  therefore,  tliis  large  sum  of  money  which  you 
have  offered  us  among  these  people.  Give  to  each, 
also,  a  portion  of  what  you  say  you  would  give  to  us 
annually,  over  and  above  this  very  large  sum  of 
money  ;  and,  as  we  are  persuaded,  they  would  most 
readily  accept  it  in  lieu  of  the  land  you  sold  them. 
If  }'ou  add,  also,  the  great  sum  of  money  you  must 
expend  in  raising  and  paying  armies,  with  a  view  to 
force  us  to  yield  to  you  our  country,  you  will  cer- 
tainly have  more  than  sufKcient  for  the  purpose  of 
repaying  these  settlers  for  all  their  labor  and  their 
improvements.  You  have  talked  to  us  about  con- 
cessions. It  appears  strange  that  you  should  expect 
any  from  us,  who  have  only  been  defending  our 
i-ights  against  your  invasions.  We  want  peace.  Re- 
store to  us  our  country,  and  we  shall  be  enemies  no 
longer.  You  make  one  concession  to  us  by  offering 
us  your  money  ;  and  another,  by  having  agreed  to  do 
us  justice,  after  having  long  and  injuriously  withheld 
it — we  mean,  in  the  acknowledgment  you  now 
make,  that  the  King  of  England  never  did,  and  never 
had  a  right  to  give  you  our  country,  by  the  treaty  of 
peace.  And  you  want  to  make  this  act  of  justice  a 
part  of  your  concessions;  and  you  seem  to  expect 
that  because  you  have  at  last  acknowledged  our  inde- 
Ijendence,  we  should  for  such  favor  surrender  to  you 
our  country.  You  liave  talked,  also,  a  great  deal 
about  pre-emption,  and  your  exclu.sive  right  to  pur- 
chase Indian  lands,  as  ceded  to  you  by  the  King  at 
the  treaty  of  peace.  We  never  made  any  agreement 
with  this  King,  nor  with  any  other  nation,  that  we 
would  give  to  either  the  exclusive  right  of  purchasing 
our  lands  ;  and  we  declare  to  you  that  we  consider 
ourselves  free  to  make  any  bargain  or  cession  of  lands 
whenever  or  to  whomsoever  we  please.  If  the  White 
people,  as  you  say,  made  a  treaty  that  none  of  them 
but  the  King  should  purchase  of  us,  and  that  he  had 
given  that  right  to  the  United  States,  it  is  an  affair 
that  concerns  you  and  him,  and  not  us.  We  have 
never  parted  with  such  power.  *  «  *  »  We  jg. 
sire  you  to  consider  that  our  only  demand  is  the 
peaceable  possession  of  a  small  part  of  our  once  great 
country.  Look  back  and  review  the  lands  from 
whence  we  have  been  driven  to  this  spot.  We  can 
retreat  no  further,  because  the  country  behind  hardly 
atibrds  food  for  its  inhabitants;  and  we  have,  there- 
fore, to  leave  our  bones  in  this  small  place  to  which 
we  are  now  confined.  We  shall  be  persuaded  that 
you  mean  to  do  us  justice  when  you  agree  that  the 
Ohio  shall  remain  the  boundary  line  between  us. 
If  you  will  not  consent  thereto,  our  meeting  would 
be  altogether  unnecessary.  This  is  the  great  point 
which  we  hoped  woulil  have  been  explained  before 
you  left  your  homes,  as  our  message,  last  Fall,  was 
principally  directed  to  obtain  that  information. 

Done  at  the  foot  of  the  Maumee  Kapids,  the  loth 
dav  of  August,  IT'Jo. 


FAILURE  OF  NEGOTIATIONS. 


:!9 


Tlii.s  cloi'i.sivo  message  was  signed  by  all 
ti'ibes  represented  in  Couneil  at  that  place, 
viz.:  The  Wyandots,  Delawares,  Shawnees, 
Mianiis,  Mingoes,  Pottawatomies,  Ottawas, 
Connoys,  Cliijijiewas  and  Munsees. 

Thus  closed  the  ettbrts  of  the  Government  to 
negotiate  for  an  adjustment  of  existing  troubles, 
without  the  arbitrament  of  arms.  Considering 
the  matter  at  this  distant  period,  free  from  the 
conditions  involved,  it  is  difficult  to  see  how  the 
ease  of  the  Indians  could  have  been  more 
clearlj'  or  more  fbrcil)ly  put.  It  has  been  truly 
said  of  the  matter,  that  "  among  the  rude  states- 
men of  the  Wilderness,  there  was  exhil)ited 
here  as  pure  ])atriotism  and  as  lofty  devotion 
to  the  good  of  their  race  us  ever  won  applause 
among  civilized  men.  The  White  men,  ever 
since  they  came  into  the  country,  had  been  en- 
croaching upon  tlieii'  hinds.  They  hud  long 
before  occupied  all  the  regions  bej'ond  the 
mountains.  They  had  crushed  the  Confed- 
eracy which  the  far-sighted  Poutiac  had  formed 
to  f)rotect  his  race  30  years  before.  They  hud 
taken  possession  of  the  common  hunting 
grounds  of  all  the  tribes,  on  the  faith  of 
treaties  they  did  not  acknowledge.  They 
were  now  laying  out  settlements  and  building 
Forts  in  the  very  heart  of  the  country  to  which 
all  the  tribes  had  been  driven,  and  which  was 
now  all  they  could  call  their  own.  And  now 
they  asked  that  it  should  be  guaranteed  to 
them  that  the  boundary  which  they  had  so 
long  asked  for  should  be  drawn,  and  a  final 
end  made  of  the  continual  aggressions  of  the 
Whites;  or.  if  not,  they  solemnly  determined 
to  stake  their  all,  against  fearful  odds,  in  de- 
fense of  their  homes,  their  country,  and  the 
inheritance  of  their  children.  Nothing  could 
be  more  j)atriotic  than  the  position  they  occu- 
pied, and  nothing  could  be  moi'e  noble  than 
the  declarations  of  this  great  Council."* 

While,  however,  the  world  must  ever  accept 
and  admire  the  lofty  patriotism  and  heroic  de- 
votion thus  shown  by  these  untrained  states- 
men of  the  forest,  and  question  the  course  of 
aggression  to  which  they  were  made  subject, 
the  fact  remains  of  the  im])ractical)ility  of  the 
policy  of  defiance  to  which  their  logic  led  tln'm. 
It  was  not — unfortunately  for  them — un  issue 
for  decision  by  rea.sou  or  by  discussion ;  but  a 
case  of  peace  or  war,  in  which  superioi-ity  in 

*"  Annals  of  the  West,"  J.  D.  Albach,  lS.i6,  pp. 
631-G32. 


arms,  not  in  fact  und  urgument,  was  to  determine 
the  result.  But  there  was  with  the  Indians  a 
most  imjjortant — jierhaps  a  controlling — consid- 
eration, outside  that  of  the  justice  of  their  cause, 
to  wit:  The  assurance  of  British,  and  even  the 
hope  of  Sjianish,  intervention,  should  the  case 
come  to  arms.  The  proof  of  this  was  found  in 
admissions  by  the  Indians,  and  speeches  and 
messages  of  British  and  Spanisli  emissaries 
active  in  encouraging  the  Indians  to  resistance 
of  American  demands. 

Accepting  the  situation  as  thus  plainly  fixed 
by  the  Indian  Council,  the  United  States  Com- 
missioners, the  following  day  (August  17th), 
left  the  mouth  of  the  Detroit  Kiver  and  reached 
Fort  Erie  on  the  23d,  whence  they  advised 
General  Wayne  of  the  outcome  of  their  attempt 
at  treaty.  That  officer  at  once  directed  his 
eftbrts  toward  raising,  organizing  and  equijiping 
such  force  as  would  be  necessary  to  the  gigantic 
charge  thus  devolved  upon  him,  meantime 
keej)ing  himself  advised,  as  fur  as  might  be,  of 
the  plans  und  movements  of  the  Indiuns.  He 
was  supplied  with  proof  clearly  showing  the 
strong  assurance  of  these,  that  in  the  crisis  at 
hand  they  would  have  the  active  and  decisive 
support  of  the  British.  Two  Pottawatomies, 
taken  jirisoners  in  June,  1794,  replied  to  ques- 
tions as  follows : 

When  did  your  Nation  receive  the  invitation  from 
the  British  to  join  them  and  to  go  to  war  with  the 
Americans? 

On  the  first  of  tlie  last  moon.  The  niessajre  was  sent 
by  three  Chiefs — a  Delaware,  a  Shawnee  and  a  Miami. 

What  was  the  message  brought  by  those  Indian 
Chiefs,  and  what  number  of  British  troops  were  at 
Roche  de  Ba-uf  *  (foot  of  Rapids  of  the  Maumee), 
May  l.st? 

That  the  British  sent  them  to  invite  the  Potta- 
watomies to  go  to  war  against  the  United  States ; 
that  they  (the  British)  were  then  at  Roche  de  Banif, 
on  their  way  to  war  against  the  Americans;  tliat  the 
numl)er  of  British  troops  then  there  was  about  -100, 
with  two  pieces  of  artillery,  exclusive  of  the  Detroit 
Militia  ;  and  had  made  a  fortification  around  Colonel 
McKee's  houses  and  stores  at  that  place,  in  which 
they  had  deposited  all  their  ammunition,  arms,  cloth- 
ing and  provision,  with  which  they  promised  to  sup- 
ply all  hostile  Indians  in  abundance,  provided  they 
would  join  and  go  with  them  to  war. 

What  tribes  of  Indians,  and  what  their  numbers, 
at  Roche  de  Bieuf,  on  the  1st  of  May?    [17'.I4.] 

The  Chijipewus,  Wyandots,  Shawnees,  Tawas, 
Delawares  and  Miamis. 

*  A  point  on  the  North  side  of  the  Maumee  River, 
and  a.  short  distance  above  Waterville,  Lucas  County. 


40 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


The  prisoners  further  stated  that  Governor 
Simt-oc  the  previous  "Winter  sent  the  Potta- 
wiitomios  a  mossatje  urging  united  war  against 
the  Americans,  saying  he  would  cotnmand  the 
whole  force;  and  again  in  May,  1794,  from 
Roclie  (Ic  Banif,  sent  another  message,  promis- 
ing fullest  support  in  the  ju-oposed  hostilities. 
"  All  the  speeches  that  we  got  from  him,"  said 
they,  "  were  as  red  as  blood  ;  all  the  wampum 
and  feathers  were  painted  red;  the  war  pipes 
and  hatchets  were  red;  and  even  the  tobacco 
was  red."  They  stated  the  Governor  promised 
to  join  the  Indians  with  1,500  of  his  warriors; 
but  the  tribe  wanted  peace,  except  a  few  fool- 
ish young  men.  Like  testimony  was  obtained 
from  members  of  other  tribes — all  concurring 
in  clearlj*  cslablishing  the  unscrupulous  ac- 
tivity of  the  Briti.sh  authorities  in  fomenting 
trouble  and  encouraging  hostilities  on  the  part 
of  the  Indians,  but  for  which  promise  of  suj}- 
port  the  whole  difficulty  would  probably  have 
been  adjusted  on  a  peaceful  basis. 

If  more  conclusive  proof  be  wantingas  to  the 
part  taken  by  the  British  Government  in  fo- 
menting antagonism  between  the  Indians  and 
the  United  States,  it  is  supplied  in  the  fact, 
that  in  April,  1794,  Governor  Simcoe  was  sent 
to  the  Eapids  of  the  Maumee,  within  the  ac- 
knowledged territories  of  the  United  States, 
and  atatime  of  special  irritation  between  tbeln- 
diansand  our  Government,  to  erect  there  a  Fort. 
This  action  could  have  no  other  possible  object, 
than  bj'  such  mea,ns  to  encourage  the  savages 
with  assurance  of  active  support  from  the  Brit- 
ish Government.  About  the  same  time,  and  as 
if  in  co-operation  with  the  British  intervention, 
a  messenger  from  the  Mississippi  Province  of 
Spain  appeared  in  the  Xorthwest,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  giving  the  Indians  assurance  of  the  sym- 
pathy and  support  of  the  Spanish  Government. 
The  character  of  his  mission  is  shown  in  the 
opening  sentences  of  his  address  to  the  Indians : 

"Children!"  said  he,  "you  see  nic  on  my  feet, 
grasping  the  tomaliawk  to  strike  them.  We  will 
strike  together.  I  do  not  desire  you  to  go  before  me 
m  the  front ;  but  to  follow  me.  I  present  you  with 
a  war-pipe,  which  has  been  sent  in  all  our  names  to 
the  Musquakics,  and  all  those  Nations  who  live  to- 
ward the  setting  Sun,  to  get  upon  their  feet  and  take 
hold  of  our  tomahawk  ;  and  as  soon  thev  smoked  it, 
they  sent  it  back  with  a  promise  to  get  immediately 
on  then-  feet,  and  join  us  and  strike  this  enemy  You 
hear  wliat  these  distant  Nations  have  said  to  us,  so  that 
wc  have  nothing  further  to  do,  but  to  put  our  designs 
into  numediate  execution,  and  to  forward  this  pij.e 


to  the  three  warlike  Nations  who  have  so  long  been 
struggling  for  their  country,  and  who  now  sit  at  the 
Glaize.  Tell  them  to  smoke  this  pipe,  and  forward 
it  to  all  the  Lake  Nations  and  their  Northern  Breth- 
ren. Then  nothing  will  be  wanting  to  complete  our 
general  union  from  the  rising  to  the  setting  of  the 
Sun,  and  all  Nations  will  be  ready  to  add  strength  to 
the  blow  we  are  going  to  strike." 

The  reasons  and  object  oijerating  both  with 
Great  Britain  and  Spain,  in  such  alliance 
with  the  Indians,  were  understood  at  the 
time.  The  former  power  in  March,  1793, 
had  joined  Russia  in  stejis  for  cutting  off  the 
trade  of  France,  then  in  a  revolutionary  state, 
with  a  view  to  the  subjection  of  that  country. 
To  that  end,  the  British  Government,  in  June, 
1794,  issiied  an  order  for  interdicting  trade  with 
all  ports  of  France  or  ports  occupied  by  French 
troops.  To  this  the  United  States  interposed 
its  jsrotest,  and  the  matter  soon  assumed  the 
character  of  serious  irritation.  This  source  of 
trOi;ble,  added  to  the  lingering  sensibility  over 
the  result  of  the  recent  revolution  and  the  in- 
terests of  Indian  trade,  was  sufficient  with  the 
British  Government  to  induce  it  to  the  aggres- 
sive action  taken  with  the  Indians.  Spain's 
motive  for  the  steps  taken  bj'  her,  arose  in 
jealousy  provoked  by  the  advance  of  American 
colonies  toward  her  domain  in  the  Mi.s.sissippi 
Valley.  She  had  long  been  tampering  with 
the  Indians  in  the  South,  and  now  turned  her 
attention  to  those  of  the  Korth,  in  the  hope  of 
crippling  the  advancing  settlements  in  the 
Northwest. 

While  measures  were  in  progress  with  refer- 
ence to  a  peaceful  adjustment  of  difficulties 
with  the  Indians,  General  Wayne  was  active 
in  the  raising,  equipping  and  drilling  his  forces 
for  aggressive  steps,  should  such  be  found  nec- 
essary. On  the  30th  of  April,  1793,  he  moved 
down  the  Ohio,  from  Legionville,  and  encamped 
near  Fort  Washington,  at  a  point  called  "  Hob- 
son's  Choice,"*  from  the  liict  that  the  high 
water  prevented  the  selection  of  any  other 
place  in  the  vicinity.  Here  he  was  engaged  in 
drilling  his  troops,  etc  ,  while  negotiations  for 
peace   were  in  progress  at  the  North.     Such 

"  This  term  is  understood  to  have  had  its  origin 
in  the  practice  of  the  pioneer  livery-keeper  of  Cam- 
bridge, England,  whose  name  was  Hobson,  and 
whose  rule  was,  that  customers  mu.st,  in  succession, 
take  the  horse  nearest  the  stable  door,  to  the  end  that 
no  favoritism  should  be  shown  or  advantage  had  by 
one  customer  over  others.  Hence,  "  Hobsou's 
Choice  "  is  no  choice. 


GENERAL  WAYNE'S  MILITARY  MOVEMENTS. 


41 


menacing  prejiarations  were  offensive  to  the 
Indians,  and  had  no  doubt  the  effect  of  embar- 
rass! ni;;  peaceful  measures. 

Tiie  Uniteil  States  Commissioners  left  the 
mouth  of  Detroit  Eiver  August  17,  1793,  and 
arrived  at  Fort  Erie  on  the  23d,  whence  they 
despatched  a  messenger  with  notice  to  General 
Wayne  of  the  failure  of  the  negotiation.  That 
ofHccrat  once  commenced  o]ierationslookingto 
an  earl}^  advance  toward  the  Maumee  Eiver. 
October  23d,  he  was  six  miles  from  Fort  Jeffer- 
son ;  and  soon  thereafter,  in  view  of  the  ap- 
])roach  of  the  AVinter  season,  he  established 
Winter-quarters  at  Fort  Greenville  (built  by 
him),  near  the  site  of  the  present  Town  of 
Greenville,  Darke  County.  While  lying  there 
he  sent  out  a  detachment  to  the  field  of  St. 
Clair's  defeat,  where  600  skulls  were  gathered 
up  and  buried.  One  of  the  party  stated  that 
before  lying  down  in  their  tents  at  night,  they 
had  to  scrape  the  bones  together,  to  make  room 
for  their  beds.     Here  was  built  Fort  Eecovery. 

During  the  early  months  of  179-t,  General 
Wayne  was  engaged  in  preparation  for  a  care- 
ful, but  sure,  advance,  ilcantime,  by  means 
of  Captain  Gibson  and  his  force  of  sjiies,  he  was 
ke])t  advised  of  the  plans  of  the  Indians. 

July  26th,  Colonel  Scott,  with  1,600  mounted 
Kentucliians,  joined  Wayne  at  Greenville,  and 
on  the  28th,  his  force  moved  forward.  He 
reached  the  junction  of  the  Au  Glaize  and 
Maumee  Elvers,  at  Grand  Glaize,  and  built 
Fort  Defiance  at  that  point.  The  Indians, 
learning  of  his  approach,  had  hastily  abandoned 
their  Towns.  Wayne  was  disappointed  in  not 
reaching  Grand  Glaize,  the  headquarters  of  the 
Savages,  without  discovery  ;  but  they  learned 
of  ills  advance  through  a  runaway  member  of 
the  Quartermaster's  Corps,  who  afterwards  was 
taken  at  Pittsburgh.  To  accomplish  such  sur- 
prise, Wayne  had  cut  two  roads — one  to  the 
Eapids  of  the  Maumee,  at  Eoche  de  BccuF,  and 
another  to  the  junction  of  the  St.  Mar3''s  and 
St.  Jo.seph,  while  he  pressed  forward  between 
the  two,  which  strategy  was  defeated  by  the 
deserter  referred  to. 

While  at  Fort  Defiance,  Gen.  Waj'ne  became 
fully  advised  of  tiie  movements  and  plans  of 
the  Indians,  and  of  the  collusion  with  them  of 
the  British  authorities.  In  order,  however, 
that  hostilities  even  then  might  be  averted,  he 
ti-ansmitted  by  Christopher  Miller  a  message 
to  the  Indians,  appealing  to  them,  in  the  name 


of  humanity  and  peace,  for  an  amicable  adjust- 
ment of  matters,  closing  his  address  in  the  fol- 
lowing language : 

Brothers!  Be  no  longer  deceived  or  led  astray 
1)3'  the  false  promises  and  language  of  the  bad  men  at 
the  foot  of  the  Rapids.  They  have  neither  power  nor 
inclination  to  protect  you.  No  longer  .shut  your  eyes 
to  your  true  interests  and  happiness ;  nor  your  ears 
to  this  overture  of  peace.  But,  in  pity  to  your  inno- 
cent women  and  children,  come  and  prevent  tlie 
further  effusion  of  your  blood.  Let  them  experience 
the  kindness  and  friendship  of  the  United  States  of 
America,  and  the  invaUiable  blessings  of  peace  and 
tran(iuillity. 

This  was  dated  at  Grand  Glaize,  August  13, 
1794. 

Advancing  down  the  Maumee,  Gen.  Wayne 
met  Miller  on  the  16th,  with  the  message  of 
the  Indians,  to  the  ett'ect,  that  if  he  would  wait 
ten  days  at  Grand  Glaize,  they  would  decide 
for  peace  or  for  war.  Fully  understanding  the 
subtle  design  of  such  a  projjosition.  Gen.  Wayne 
continued  his  advance,  reaching  Eoche  de  Bceuf, 
41  miles  below  Grand  Glaize,  on  the  18th. 
Here  he  commenced  some  light  works,  which 
he  named  Fort  Deposit,  taking  its  name  fiom 
the  fact  that  its  chiefpurpo.se  was  that  of  de- 
posit for  heavy  baggage  during  the  battle  then 
imminent.  On  the  20th,  about  8  a.  m.,  Wayne 
moved  down  the  North  bank  of  the  Eiver.  The 
Indians  were  encamped  on  Swan  Creek,  in  rear 
of  the  British  Fort  (Miami),  and  behind  thick 
brushwood.  The  Legion  was  on  the  right,  its 
right  covered  by  the  Eiver.  A  Brigade  of 
mounted  volunteers  on  tiie  left,  under  Brig.- 
Gen.  Todd,  and  another  in  the  rear,  com- 
manded by  General  Barbie.  A  select  Battalion 
of  mounted  men,  under  Major  Price,  moved  in 
front  of  the  Legion,  whose  duty  it  was  to  give 
notice  foi-  anj-  needed  action.  About  five  miles 
down.  Price's  force  was  so  severely  assailed  by 
the  enemj',  ambushed  in  woods  and  grass,  as 
to  compel  retreat.  In  two  lines,  the  Legion 
prom])tly  formed,  extending  some  miles  on  tlie 
left,  and  some  distance  in  Iront.  Tiie  presence 
on  the  ground  of  a  large  quantity  of  fallen 
timber,  the  result  of  a  severe  tornado  a  j-ear  or 
two  previous,  constituted  a  barrier  insurmount- 
able to  the  Cavaliy,  while  aftbrding  e.xceilent 
defense  for  the  enemy,  who  were  formed  in 
three  lines,  within  supporting  distance,  and 
extending  for  nearly  two  miles,  at  right  angles 
with  the  Eiver.  The  purpose  of  the  enemy  to 
turn  AVaj'ne's  left  was  at  once  discovered.  The 


42 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Cieiicral  ordered  Ins  sccoiul  line  to  iulvance  to 
llio  supjiorl  of  the  lii-wl,  the  wluiU^  iiuninteil 
I'oree  lieiiiif  in  motion.  lie  directed  .Major- 
(.ieneral  Seott,  \>y  a  eireuitoiis  movcnient  to 
gain  and  (urn  liie  ri^'lit  flank  of  tlie  Indians, 
the  front  line  at  tiic  same  time  advancing  and 
charging  with  trailed  arms,  to  drive  the  enemy 
from  their  covert  at  the  j)oint  of  the  bayonet, 
a  close  and  well  directed  fire  to  be  dealt  at 
their  backs,  followed  by  a  brisk  charge,  in  order 
that  no  time  be  allowed  them  for  re-loading. 
The  Legionary  Cavaliy,  under  Cajitain  Camp- 
bell, were  sent  to  tni'n  the  left  flank  of  the  en- 
emy, next  the  IJiver,  for  which  operation  the 
field  was  favorable.  All  these  movements  were 
made  vyith  jiromptness.  Such  was  the  impet- 
uosity of  the  charge  by  the  first  line  of  Infan- 
try, that  the  Indians,  Canada  Militia,  and  De- 
troit Volunteers  were  driven  from  all  coverts 
so  suddenly,  that  it  was  impossible  for  other 
portions  of  the  command  to  gain  their  jiroper 
positions  in  season  to  participate  as  contem- 
plated by  the  plan  of  the  movement.  The  re- 
sult was,  that  by  a  force  one-half  tbeir  own, 
the  Indians  were  driven  two  miles  through 
thick  woods,  within  the  space  of  one  hour. 
Their  number  was  estimated  at  2,000  ;  while 
of  Wayne's  force,  not  more  than  900  were  suf- 
ficient to  drive  the  savages  and  their  allies 
precipitately  in  all  directions,  leaving  the  vic- 
tors in  complete  possession  of  the  field.  The 
battle  closed  in  full  view  of  the  British  Fort, 
and  even  under  the  muzzles  of  its  guns.  A  large 
portion  of  the  Indians  found  themselves  so 
completely  cut  ott'  from  retreat,  that  they  took 
to  the  Eiver,  across  open  ground,  in  passing 
which  many  were  cut  down  by  the  Cavalry, 
Avho  followed  them  into  the  stream. 

Captain  Campbell,  of  the  Dragoons,  was 
killed,  and  Captain  Solomon  Van  Rcnnssalaer, 
of  the  same  Corjjs,  was  shot  through  the  body, 
devolving  the  command  ni  that  force  on  Lieu- 
tenant Covington,  who  had  cut  down  two  In- 
dians during  the  fight.  The  General's  orders 
made  strong  commendation  of  all  oflicers  and 
men  engaged,  specially  recognizing  Brigadier- 
General  Wilkinson  and  Colonel  Hamtramck. 
His  Aides  (I)e  Butts,  Lewis  and  Wm.  H.  Har- 
rison) and  Adjutant  General  (Major  Mills)  were 
also  mentioned  tlir  s]iecial  service.  Besides 
these,  like  acknowledgment  was  made  as  to 
Captains  Lewis  and  Brock  of  the  Light  Infan- 
try; of  Captains  Slough    and  Prior   and  Lieu- 


tenant Caiu])liell  Sniilli  of  the  Legionary 
Infantry;  Captain  Van  Eennssalaer  of  the 
Dragoons,  and  of  Captain  Eawlins,  Lieutenant 
McKinney  and  Ensign  Duncan  of  the  Mounted 
Volunteers — all  wounded  in  the  engagement. 
Among  the  dead,  wei-e  Captain  Campbell  of  the 
Dragoons,  and  Lieutenant  Fowler  cif  the  Infan- 
ti-y  <if  the  Legion,  k'illed  in  the  first  charge. 
The  number  of  Americans  killed,  including 
those  d3-ing  of  their  wounds,  was  39  ;  and 
number  wounded,  100.  The  loss  of  the  enemy 
was  estimated  at  twice  that  of  General  Wayne's 
command.  The  woods,  for  considerable  dis- 
tance, were  strew'ed  with  dead  Indians  and  the 
bodies  of  White  auxiliaries,  armed  with  British 
muskets  and  bayonets.=i= 

General  Wayne  remained  three  days  and 
three  nights  in  front  of  the  scene  of  battle, 
during  which  time  his  forces  destroyed  all 
houses  and  cornfields  of  the  Indians  for  miles 
above  and  below  the  Fort,  and  some  within 
Ijistol  shot  of  the  British  fortification.  This 
woi'k  of  destruction  included  not  only  the 
])roperty  of  the  Savages,  but  the  houses  and 
stores  of  Colonel  McKee,  the  British  Agent, 
who  was  mainly  responsible  for  the  hostile 
course  of  the  Indians.  The  destruction  of 
McKee's  property  was  the  more  significant, 
since  the  fact  was  well  known  to  General 
Wayne  that  it  belonged  really  to  the  British 
Government,  and  was  sent  there  to  su.stain  the 
Indians  in  their  warfare  on   the  United  States. 

*  Andrew  Race,  a  solclier  of  Wayne's  Armj',  is 
creilibly  reported  as  giving  tlie  following  statement 
in  regard  to  the  Imttle  of  Fallen  Timbers:  That  the 
Indians  were  camped  back  some  three  miles  from  the 
Maumee  River  on  tlie  "  Openings,"  the  position 
liaxingbeen  selected  by  them  with  reference  both  to 
springs  of  water  there  existing  and  to  tlie  advantages 
of  an  oyien  space,  whereby  they  were  secured  against 
sudden  attack,  with  dense  forests  about  them,  to 
which  they  could  readily  retreat  if  attacked.  While 
thus  situateil,  the  Indians  were  visited  by  a  man 
claiming  to  have  l)eeu  sent  by  the  commander  of  the 
British  Fort  at  Miami,  to  notify  them  of  Wayne's  de- 
fenseless condition  at  Presque  Isle,  and  of  the  ease 
with  which  he  might  be  overcome  and  captured  by 
vigorous  attack.  Accepting  such  statement  as  cor- 
rect, the  Indians  at  once  moved  forwai'd  for  attack  of 
the  supposed  defenseless  force,  who  <iuietly  awaited 
their  approach  within  ready  niuskc^t  shot,  when  a 
murderous  fire  was  opened  on  the  Indians,  who  soon 
Ijecame  demoralized  and  sought  escape,  mainly 
through  the  River,  with  Wayne's  Cavalry  in  hot 
pursuit.  What  extent  of  credence  is  tu  he  accorded 
to  this  statement,  cannot  now  be  known. 


GENERA  L  WA  YNE  'S  MILITA  R  Y  MO  VEMENTfi. 


43 


While  tanying  in  the  vicinity,  General  Wayne, 
in  company  with  several  officers,  including 
General  Wilkinson  ami  Lieutenant  Harrison, 
made  critical  examination  of  the  British  Fort, 
tor  such  |iurpose  approaching  very  near  to  the 
same.  lie  found  it  to  be  a  comiiletc  military 
work,  mounting  live  guns  on  the  Eiver  front. 
The  rear  had  two  bastions,  with  eight  pieces  of 
artillery.  The  whole  was  surrounded  by  a 
deej)  ditch  with  horizontal  pickets  projecting 
from  the  parapet  over  the  ditch.  The  rise 
from  the  bottom  of  the  ditch  to  the  top  of  the 
parapet,  perpendicular,  was  about  20  feet.  All 
was  surrounded  by  an  abatis,  and  defended  bj^ 
a  numerous  garrison.  General  Wayne  was  so 
deeply  impressed  by  what  he  there  saw,  that 
it  was  understood  to  be  his  strong  desire  to 
storm  the  Fort.  The  special  examination  made 
in  the  face  of  the  British  commander  was  de- 
signed as  well  to  provoke  that  officer  to  hostile 
action  as  for  information  as  to  the  fortification. 
He  did  not  succeed  in  the  former  of  these  pur- 
poses, but  ho  did  command  the  attention  of 
the  officer  in  command,  as  shown  in  the  cor- 
respondence which  followed  the  inspection. 
Tills  was  ojjened  August  21.st,  by  Major  Wm. 
Campbell,  commanding  the  British  fortifica- 
tion, in  the  following  letter  to  General  Wayne  : 

Miami  Rivek,  August  21st,  1794. 

All  army  of  the  United  States  of  America,  said  to 
111'  under  your  command,  having  taken  post  on  the 
tiauks  of  the  Miami  (Maumee)  for  upwards  of  the  last 
I't  hours,  almost  within  tlie  reach  of  the  guns  of  this 
fort,  l)eiug  a  post  belonging  to  His  Majesty  the  King 
of  Great  Britain,  occupied  by  His  Majesty's  troops, 
and  wliich  I  have  the  honor  to  command,  it  becomes 
my  duty  to  inform  myself,  as  speedily  as  possible,  in 
what  light  I  am  to  view  your  making  such  near  ap- 
proaches to  this  garrison.  I  have  no  hesitation,  on 
my  part,  to  say  tliat  I  know  of  no  war  existing  be- 
tween Great  Britain  and  America. 

To  this,  on  the  same  day,  General  Wayne 
replied  as  follows : 

I  have  received  your  letter  of  this  date,  requiring 
from  me  the  motives  which  liave  moved  the  army 
under  my  command  to  the  position  they  at  present 
occupy,  far  witliin  the  acknowledged  jurisdiction  of 
the  United  States  of  America.  Without  questioning 
the  authority  or  the  propriety,  sir,  of  your  inter- 
rogatory, I  think  I  may,  without  breacli  of  decorum, 
observe  to  you,  that  were  you  entitled  to  an  answer, 
the  most  full  and  satisfactory  one  was  announced  to 
you  from  tlie  muzzles  of  my  small  arms,  j'esterday 
morning,  in  the  action  against  the  horde  of  savages 
in  the  vicinity  of  your  post,  wliich  terminated 
glorious!}"  to  the  American  anus  ;  but,  had  it  contin- 


ued until  the  Indians,  etc.,  were  driven  under  the 
influence  of  the  post  and  guns  you  mention,  they 
would  not  have  much  imjieded  the  jirogress  of  the 
victorious  army  under  mj'  command,  as  no  such  post 
was  established  at  the  commencement  of  the  present 
war  between  tlie  Indians  and  the  United  States. 

Major  Campbell  replied  in  the  tbllowiiig  note 
on  the  22d: 

Although  your  letter  of  yesterday's  date  fully 
authorizes  me  to  any  act  of  hostility  against  the  army 
of  the  United  States  in  this  neighborhood,  under 
your  command,  3-et,  still  anxious  to  prevent  that 
dreadful  decision  which,  perhaps,  is  not  intended  to 
be  appealed  to  by  either  of  our  countries,  1  have 
forborne,  for  these  two  days  ]iast,  to  resent  tliose  in- 
sults you  have  offered  to  the  British  flag  flying  at  this 
fort,  by  apjn-oaching  it  within  pistol  shot  of  my 
works,  not  only  singly,  but  in  numbers  with  arms  in 
their  hands.  Neither  is  it  my  wish  to  wage  war  with 
individua's  ;  but  should  you,  after  this,  continue  to 
approach  inj'  post  in  the  threatening  manner  you  are 
this  moment  doing,  my  indispensable  duty  to  my 
King  and  country,  and  the  honor  of  my  profession, 
will  oblige  me  to  have  recourse  to  those  measures, 
which  thousands  of  either  nation  may  hereafter  have 
cause  to  regret,  and  which  I  solemnly  appeal  to  God, 
I  have  used  my  utmost  endeavor  to  arrest. 

The  same  day  General  Wayne  responded  in 
the  following  note: 

In  your  letter  of  the  21st  j'ou  declare:  "I  have 
no  hesitation  on  my  part,  to  say  that  I  know  of  no 
war  existing  l)etween  Great  Britain  and  America." 
I,  on  my  part,  declare  the  same,  and  the  only  cause  I 
have  to  entertain  a  contrary  idea  at  present  is  the 
hostile  act  you  are  now  in  commission  of,  i.  e.,  by  re- 
cently taking  post  far  within  the  well-known  and 
acknowledged  limits  of  the  United  States,  and  erect- 
ing a  fortification  in  the  heart  of  the  settlements  of 
the  Indian  tribes  now  at  war  with  the  United  States. 
This,  sir,  appears  to  be  an  act  of  the  liighest  aggres- 
sion, and  destructive  to  the  peace  and  interest  of  the 
Union.  Hence  it  becomes  my  duty  to  desire,  and  I 
do  hereby  desire  and  demand,  in  the  name  of  the 
President  of  the  United  States,  that  you  immediately 
desist  from  any  furtlier  act  of  hostility  or  aggression, 
by  forbearing  to  fortify,  and  by  withdrawing  the 
troops,  artillery,  and  stoi-es,  under  your  orders  and 
direction,  forthwith,  and  removing  to  the  nearest  post 
occupied  by  His  Britannic  Majesty's  troops  at  the 
peace  of  178.3,  and  which  you  will  be  permitted  to  do 
unmolested  by  the  troops  under  my  command. 

Which  corresiJondence  closed  with  the  fol- 
lowing letter  of  Major  Campbell; 

I  have  this  moment  to  acknowledge  the  receipt 
of  your  letter  of  this  date;  in  answer  to  which  I  liave 
only  to  say  that,  being  placed  liere  in  the  command 
of  a  British  post,  and  acting  in  a  military  cai)acity 
only,  I  cannot  enter  into  any  discussion  either  on  the 
right  or  impropriety   of   my   occupying  my  present 


44 


HmTonr  of  toledo  and  lvcas  county. 


position.  These  nre  matters  that  1  conceive  will  be 
best  loft  to  the  ambassadors  of  our  difterent  nations. 
Ilavinjr  .«aid  tlii.s  much,  permit  me  to  inform  you  that 
I  cerliiinly  will  not  abandon  this  post  at  the  sum- 
mons of  any  i>ower  whatever  until  I  receive  orders 
for  that  puriKi.se  from  those  I  have  the  honor  to  serve 
under,  or  tlie  fortune  of  war  sliould  oblige  me.  I 
must  still  adhere,  sir,  to  the  purport  of  my  letter  this 
morning,  to  desire  that  your  army,  or  individuals  be- 
longing to  it,  will  not  ap])roach  within  reach  of  ray 
cannon,  without  expecting  the  consequences  at- 
tending it.  Although  I  have  said,  in  the  former 
l>art  of  my  letter,  that  my  situation  here  is  totally 
military,  yet,  let  me  add,  sir,  that  I  am  much  de- 
ceived if  His  Majesty  t!ie  King  of  Great  Britain  had 
not  a  post  on  this  Itiver  at  and  prior  to  the  period 
you  mention. 

"Tlie  only  notice  tiikeu  of  this  letter,"  says 
Wayne,  ■•  was  the  immediate'  setting  tire  to  and 
destroying  everj-thing  within  view  of  the  Fort, 
and  even  under  the  muzzles  of  the  guns.  Had 
Major  Campbell  carried  his  threats  into  execu- 
tion, it  is  more  than  iirol)al)le  that  lie  would 
have  ex])ericneed  a  storm." 

It  has  been  confidently  stated,  with  much 
appearance  of  correctness,  that  Little  Turtle, 
or  Mosh-e-noh-qua,  the  famous  Miami  Chief, 
who  had  already  successfully  fought  St.  Clair 
and  Ilarmar,  was  opposed  to  meeting  General 
Wayne  at  the  Mauniee  Eapids.  It  was  re- 
ported that  at  a  council  held  the  night  previous 
to  that  engagement,  lie  addressed  his  associates. 
counseling  prudence,  sajing: 

We  have  beaten  the  enemy  twice,  under  different 
commanders.  We  cannot  expect  the  same  good  for- 
tune always  to  attend  us.  The  Americans  are  now 
led  liy  a  Chief  who  never  sleeps.  The  night  and  the 
day  are  alike  to  him.  And  during  all  tiie  time  he 
has  been  marching  upon  our  villages,  notwithstand- 
ing the  watchfulness  of  our  young  men,  we  have 
never  been  able  to  surprise  him.  Think  well  of  it. 
There  is  something  whispei-ing  me  it  would  be  pru- 
dent to  listen  to  his  offers  of  peace. 

The  fact  is  well  attested  of  a  general  belief 
among  the  Indians  of  the  Northwest,  tiiat 
General  Wayne  was  supernaturally  endowed, 
and  thus  invulnerable.  This  view  no  doubt 
operated  lai-gely  toward  the  condition  of  dis- 
couragement and  apprehension  on  their  part 
wiiich  followed  their  great  disaster  at  Fallen 
Timbers  in  August,  1794. 

The  immediate  object  sought  in  this  expedi- 
tion to  the  Maumee  Eiver  having  been  attained 
in  tiie  brilliant  and  complete  victory  of  "  Fallen 
Timbers,"  General  Wayne  by  easy  inarches 
made  his  way  to  the  Grand  Glaize,   arrivino- 


there  August  27th.  On  his  way  he  laid  waste 
whatever  could  be  found  of  the  villages  and 
cro]JS  of  the  Indians,  extending  his  search  for 
the  same  to  a  distance  of  50  miles  North  and 
South  of  the  Eiver.  Fort  Defiance  was  im- 
proved and  strengthened  for  subsequent  use. 
Thence  Wayne  proceeded  to  the  Miami  Vil- 
lages, which  General  Harrison  had  laid  waste 
in  1790,  at  which  point  General  Wayne  con- 
structed a  strong  tbrtification.  which  was 
named  Fort  Wayne,  being  now  the  site  of  the 
City  of  that  name.  October  14th  the  Mounted 
Volunteers  inarched  thence  to  Fort  Washing- 
ton (Cincinnati).  Leaving  a  sufficient  force  at 
Fort  Wayne,  the  General,  with  a  remnant  of 
his  former  command,  proceeded  to  Greenville, 
where  he  ai-rived  November  2d,  after  a  fii- 
tiguing  tour  of  97  days,  during  which  ho 
marched  upwards  of  300  miles,  through  the 
heart  of  the  enemy's  country,  being  compelled 
to  cut  his  way  throughout  a  dense  wilderness, 
meantime  erecting  three  fortifications— Fort 
Adams,  at  the  St.  Maiy's ;  Fort  Defiance,  at 
Au  Glaize,  and  Fort  Wayne  at  the  Miami 
Villages. 

The  effect  of  long  fatigue  and  exposure  upon 
General  Wajnie's  troops  was  very  severe.  The 
sick  list  was  large,  rendering  many  unfit  for 
duty.  Besides  these  causes,  the  army  was  re- 
duced materiallj*  by  expiration  of  terms  of  ser- 
vice. Such  state  of  things  gave  not  a  little 
apjirehension  of  unfortunate  results,  should  the 
enemy  by  any  concerted  movement  renew  their 
hostility.  To  pirevent  this,  every  effort  was 
made  to  keep  them  ignorant  of  the  true  state 
of  things  with  him. 

Meantime,  General  Wayne  was  kept  advised 
of  the  active  eftbrts  of  the  British  authorities 
to  cheer  up  the  Indians,  and,  with  promises  of 
more  adequate  support,  sought  to  encourage 
them  to  renewed  war.  Thus,  on  the  30th  of 
September  (40  daj's  after  the  battle  on  the 
Maumee),  Governor  Simcoe,  Colonel  McKeo 
and  Captain  Brandt,  arrived  at  the  foot  of  the 
Eapids,  with  100  Mohawk  and  Massasagoe  In- 
dians, having  sent  for  Chiefs  of  other  hostile 
tribes  to  meet  them  with  reference  to  a  treaty 
to  be  holden  at  the  mouth  of  Detroit  Eiver.  It 
was  further  learned  that  the  above  ])nrties, 
with  Bluejacket,  Buck-on-ge-iielas,  Little  Tur- 
tle, Captain  Johnny,  and  Chiefs  of  the  Dela- 
wares,  Miamis,  Shawnees,  Ottavvas  and  Potta- 
watomies,     had    started    for   the  same   jjlaee, 


TREATY  OF  GREENVILLE. 


-15 


October  1st ;  and  that  the  Indians  were  being 
supplied  with  provisions  from  the  British  stores 
at  Swan  Creek.  Otlier  information,  indicating 
strong  probabilities  of  the  success  of  British 
collusion,  was  received  by  General  Wayne  and 
forwarded  to  the  War  Department  at  Wash- 
ington, with  a  strong  appeal  for  recruits  for 
his  enfeebled  array.  His  anxiety  was  increased 
by  the  killing  of  Colonel  Eobert  Elliott,  the 
acting  Contractor,  by  the  Indians,  while  pass- 
ing between  Cincinnati  and  the  out-])osts,  Oc- 
tober 6,  1794. 

With  all  these  untoward  facts  and  indica- 
tions. General  Wayne  was  in  receipt  of  com- 
munications from  Chiefs  of  different  tribes 
friendly  to  peace,  with  some  of  a  hostile  nature. 
As  the  Fall  and  Winter  passed,  the  friendly 
.sentiment  communicated  to  him  increased  in 
strength,  making  the  situation  somewhat  more 
ho])eful.  It  was  evident,  that  the  Indians  were 
not  agreed  as  to  their  policy.  A  majority  were 
disposed  to  war,  provided  British  pledges  of 
help  could  be  relied  on.  It  was  a  source  of  se- 
rious doubt  on  that  point,  that  the  Port  built 
at  the  foot  of  the  Eapids  ostensibly  for  their 
protection,  was  kept  closed  against  them  on 
the  occasion  of  their  extremest  distress,  in  the 
defeat  of  August  20th — neither  Chiefs  nor  War- 
riors having  been  admitted  to  its  protection 
from  Wayne's  fierce  assault.  Wayne  saw  that 
with  a  divided  sentiment  among  the  Indians, 
there  was  hope  for  an  early  adjustment  of  the 
trouble.  The  result  was,  a  steadily  growing 
tendency  toward  permanent  peace  among  the 
several  tribes;  and  by  June,  1795,  several 
Chiefs,  without  apparent  concert  of  action, 
began  to  assemble  at  Greenville,  with  the  view 
of  a  treaty  of  peace.  The  first  to  arrive  were 
Delawares,  Ottawas,  Pottawatoinies  and  Eel 
Eiver  Indians.  After  they  had  received  and 
smoked  the  calumet  of  j)eace.  General  Wayne 
addressed  them  as  fallows  : 

I  take  you  all  b>'  the  hand,  as  brothers,  assem- 
bled for  the  good  work  of  peace.  I  thank  the  Great 
Spirit  for  this  glorious  Sun,  who  appears  to  rejoice  at 
our  meeting ;  and  also  for  permitting  so  many  of  us 
to  assemble  here  this  day,  being  the  first  of  the  Moon, 
for  the  purpiose  of  holding  a  treaty.  The  Great  Spirit 
has  favored  us  with  a  clear  sky,  and  a  refreshing 
breeze,  for  the  happy  occasion.  1  have  cleared  this 
ground  of  all  brush  and  rubbish,  and  have  opened 
roads  to  the  East,  the  West,  the  North  and  the  South, 
that  all  your  Nations  may  come  in  safety,  and  with 
ease,  to  meet  me.     The  ground  on  which  this  Council- 


house  stands,  is  unstained  with  blood,  and  is  pure  as 
the  heart  of  General  Washington,  the  great  Chief  of 
America,  and  of  his  great  Council— as  pure  as  my 
heart,  which  now  wishes  for  nothing,  so  much  as 
peace  and  brotherly  love.  I  have  this  day  kindled 
the  Council-lire  of  the  United  States ;  and  I  now  de- 
liver to  each  tribe  present,  a  string  of  white  wam- 
pum, to  serve  as  a  recor(i  of  the  friendship,  this  day 
commenced  between  us.     [Wampum  delivered.] 

The  heavens  are  bright— the  roads  are  open— we 
will  rest  in  peace  and  love,  and  wait  the  arrival  of 
our  brothers.  In  the  interim  we  will  have  a  little 
refreshment,  to  wash  dust  from  our  throats— we 
will,  on  this  happy  occasion,  be  merry,  but  without 
passing  the  bounds  of  tempei-ance  and  sobriety.  We 
will  now  cover  up  the  Council-fire  and  keep  it  alive 
till  the  remainder  of  the  different  tribes  assemble,  and 
form  a  full  meeting  and  representation. 

To  this  greeting  Te-ta-bosh-ke,  King  of  the 
Delawares,  replied  in  the  expression  of  a 
friendly  sentiment,  when  the  fire  was  raked  up 
and  the  Council  adjourned. 

The  next  day,  June  17th,  40  Pottawatomies, 
with  their  Chief,  New  Corn,  arrived  and  were 
received.  On  the  21st,  Buck-on-ge-he-las, 
with  a  party  of  Delawares,  and  Asi-me-the, 
witb  more  Pottawatomies,  came  in.  On  the 
23d  arrived  Le  Gris,  the  Little  Turtle,  and  70 
Mianiis. 

On  the  25th,  the  Chiefs  present  assembled, 
and  were  addressed  by  General  Wayne,  in  a 
few  words  of  friendlj'  feeling.  On  the  26th, 
34  Chippewas  and  Pottawatomies  arrived. 

June  30tli,  the  Chiefs,  on  their  own  motion, 
assembled,  when  several  of  them  addressed  the 
General  in  warm  terms  of  friendship.  The 
same  occurred  on  the  3d  of  July.  On  the  4th, 
A-gosh-a-way  and  23  Ottawas  arrived  from 
Detroit. 

On  the  15th  of  July,  the  Council  met,  with 
present  Chiefs  of  the  Wyandots,  Delawares, 
Ottawas,  Pottawatomies,  Chippewas,  Miamis, 
and  Wabash  tribes,  and  was  formally  opened, 
by  uncovering  the  fire  and  administering  the 
oath  to  interpreters.  General  Wayne  addressed 
the  Council,  setting  forth  the  condition  of  af- 
fairs and  the  importance  of  permanent  amica- 
ble relations.  The  Council  was  continued  fi-om 
day  to  day,  being  addressed  by  most  of  the 
principal  Chiefs  present,  upon  the  several  parts 
of  the  treaty  which  General  Wayne  presented 
for  their  consideration.  On  July  30th,  the 
same  was  unanimously  approved  by  every 
tribe  represented,  to  wit :  The  Chippewas,  Ot- 
tawas,   Pottawatomies,  Wjandots,  Delawares, 


40 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Shawnccs,  Miamis,  AVcas  and  Kickapoos.  On 
the  8d  of  August,  the  treaty  having  been 
transcribed,  was  again  read  in  Council  and 
duly  signed  by  General  Wayne  on  the  part  of 
the  United  States,  and  the  Chiefs  for  their  re- 
spective tribes.  The  Council  met  at  different 
times  thereafter,  and  finally  adjourned  on  the 
KHh.  The  attendance  of  the  several  tribes  was 
as  follows:  "Wyandots,  180;  Delawares,  381; 
Shawnees,  143;  Ottawas,  45;  Chippewas,  46  ; 
Pottawatomies,  240  ;  Miamis  and  Eel  Elvers, 
73;  Weas  and  Tiankcshaws,  12;  Kickapoos 
and  Kaskaskias,  1(».     Total  attendance,  1,130. 

The  basis  of  this  treaty  was  the  one  made  at 
Fort  Harmar  in  1789.  Its  main  provisions  as 
follows:  1.  Hostilities  were  immediately  to 
cease  and  all  prisoners  discharged.  2.  The 
boundaries  between  the  lands  of  the  United 
States  and  those  of  the  Indians,  were  to  begin 
at  the  mouth  of  the  Cuyahoga  Eiver;  run 
thence  up  the  same  to  the  portage  between 
that  and  the  Tuscarawas  branch  of  the  Mus- 
kingum ;  thence  down  the  latter  to  the  crossing- 
above  Fort  Laurens ;  thence  Westerly  to  a 
fork  of  that  branch  of  the  Great  Miami  run  ning 
into  the  Ohio,  at  or  near  which  fork  stood 
Loramie's  store,  and  where  commences  the 
portage  between  the  Miami  of  the  Oliio  and 
St.  Mary's  Eiver,  a  branch  of  the  Maumee 
running  into  Lake  Erie;  thence  a  Westerly 
course  to  Fort  Eecovery,  on  a  branch  of  the 
AVabash  ;  thence  Southerly  in  a  direct  line  to 
the  Ohio  at  the  mouth  of  the  Kentucky.  3.  As 
compensation  to  the  United  States  for  goods 
formerly  delivered  and  those  to  be  delivered, 
and  indemnification  for  injuries  and  expenses 
of  War,  the  Indians  ceded  all  lands  lying 
Eastwardly  and  Southerly  of  the  boundarj- 
line  here  described.  4.  The  following  Ees- 
ervations  of  lands  within  the  territory  of  the 
Indians,  were  made  to  the  United  States  :  One 
at  Loramie's  Store,  six  miles  square ;  one  at 
Girty's  Town,  on  the  St.  Mary's  Eiver,  two 
miles  square  ;  one  at  head  of  navigable  water 
of  the  Au  Glaize,  six  miles  square;  one  at 
Fort  Defiance,  six  miles  square  ;  one  at  Fort 
AVayne,  six  miles  square;  one  about  eight 
miles  West  from  Fort  Wayne,  on  the  Wabash 
Eiver,  two  miles  square;  one  at  old  Wea 
Towns,  on  the  Wabash,  six  miles  square  ;  one 
at  the  foot  of  the  Eapids  of  the  Maumee,  12 
miles  square;  one  at  the  mouth  of  the  Mau- 
mee, six   miles   square;  one   upon   Sandusky 


Lake,  where  a  Fort  formerly  stood,  six  miles 
square ;  and  one  at  the  lower  Eapids  of  the 
Sandusky  Eiver  (now  Fremont),  two  miles 
square.  Provision  was  also  made  for  the  re- 
linquishment of  all  claim  by  the  Indians  to 
post  at  Detroit  and  certain  lands  in  that  sec- 
tion ;  to  the  post  at  Mackinaw,  and  lands  in 
that  vicinit}' ;  to  lands  at  the  mouth  of  the 
Chicago  Eiver,  and  other  points  in  Illinois. 
Free  access  was  granted  by  the  Indians  for  all 
necessary  communication  with  all  reserved 
lands  within  the  Indian  territory-.  The  United 
States  agreed  to  pay  to  the  Indians  annually 
in  goods,  at  market  cost,  the  sum  of  $9,500,  to 
be  divided  among  the  several  tribes,  with  the 
provision  that  any  tribe  might  change  its  an- 
nuity from  goods  to  domestic  animals,  farming 
implements,  etc.,  at  their  choice.  The  Indians 
were  to  possess  their  lands  in  quiet,  for  the 
purpose  of  hunting,  planting  and  dwelling 
thereon,  so  long  as  they  pleased,  without  mo- 
lestation by  the  United  States  ;  but  when  they 
should  desire  to  sell  the  same,  they  should  be 
sold  onlj-  to  the  United  States.  Meantime, 
the  Indians  were  to  be  protected  from  all  in- 
vasion by  Whites.  Intruders  were  to  be  pun- 
ished and  removed  by  either  party  to  the 
treaty.  The  Indians  could  hunt  on  lands 
ceded  by  them.  All  injuries  were  to  be  re- 
ferred to  law  for  adjustment,  and  not  privately 
avenged  ;  and  all  known  hostile  designs  against 
either  to  be  made  known  to  the  part}^  con- 
cerned. 

Such,  in  substance,  is  the  most  important 
Indian  treaty  that  had  then  or  has  since  been 
negotiated  in  the  West.  Dated  August  3,  1795, 
it  was  presented  to  the  Senate  December  9th, 
and  ratified  December  23d  following.  It  is 
difficult  to  estimate  all  that  was  involved  in  the 
question  of  peace  or  continued  war  with  the 
several  tribes  who  then  menaced  the  settle- 
ment of  the  great  Northwest,  and  the  lives  of 
the  scattered  settlers  already  there.  The  honor 
won  by  General  Wayne  in  the  short  space  of 
one  year — from  August  20,  1794,  to  August  3, 
1795  — b}-  means  of  one  battle  and  one  treaty, 
in  bringing  permanent  j^eace  to  that  region,  in 
spite  of  British  perfidy,  is  enough  to  commend 
his  name  to  lasting  and  grateful  remembrance 
of  mankind.  No  other  citizen  has  been  per- 
mitted to  do  as  much  for  this  section.  It  is  a 
source  of  just  pride  with  the  citizens  of  Lucas 
County  and  of  the  Maumee  Valley,  that  the 


RESTORATION  OF  PEACE— BEATII  OF  WAYNE. 


47 


first  and  controlling  success  of  General  Wayne 
in  this  great  result  was  won  at  Turkey  Foot 
Rock. 

Permanent  peace  having  thus  been  secured 
and  the  Indians  placed  beyond  the  reach  of 
collusion  and  temptation,  the  British  Govern- 
ment in  170G  surrendered  its  posts  within  the 
limits  of  the  United  States,  including  Fort 
Miami,  at  the  foot  of  the  Uapids  of  the 
Maumee,  the  Town  of  Detroit,  and  the  mili- 
tary works  there  and  at  Mackinaw,  pursuant 
to  the  treaty  negotiated  in  1793  by  Chief 
Justice  Jay. 

As  soon  as  he  had  received  those  Posts,  in 
the  name  of  the  Government,  and  made  ar- 
rangements for  their  care.  General  Wayne  pro- 
ceeded to  Erie,  on  his  way  to  AVashingtou. 
On  his  passage  down  the  Lake,  he  was  seized 
with  a  violent  attack  of  gout  in  the  stomach, 
which  terminated  in  his  death  before  reaching 
the  port  of  destination.  He  was  buried  at 
Erie.*  Upon  disinterment  of  the  body  by  his 
son,  many  years  thereafter,  for  removal  to  his 
place  of  nativity,  it  showed  no  signs  of  decay, 
a  result  supposed  to  have  been  due  to  antiseptic 
qualities   of  the   soil,  which    would,   in    time, 

*  In  his  "  Notes  on  the  Northwestern  Territory," 
Judge  Burnet  states  that  one  of  General  "Wayne's 
motives  in  going  from  Detroit  to  Philadelphia  at 
this  time,  was  to  meet  certain  cliarges  made  against 
him  by  General  Wilkinson.  What  these  were,  is  not 
specifically  stated.  General  Wayne  characterized 
them  as  unfounded  and  malicious.  Suffice  it  here  to 
state,  that  no  attempt  ever  was  made  to  sustain 
them ;  and  tfiey  were  entirely  disi'egardcd  at  the 
War  Department.  General  Wilkinson  was  one  f)f 
the  most  aecomplislie<l  officers  and  men  of  his  da)-. 
He  served  with  special  creilit  in  the  Kevolutionary 
War,  where  he  imbibed  a  strong  personal  antagonism 
to  tieneral  Wayne.  In  tlie  Spring  of  1792,  while  a 
Colonel,  in  command  of  Fort  Washington,  Wilkinson 
was  made  a  Brigadier-General.  Although  General 
Wayne  was  made  Commander-in-Chief  previous  to 
that  time,  and  assigned  to  the  campaign  against  the 
Indians,  he  did  not  reacli  Fort  Washington  until  Sej)- 
tendjer,  179.'!.  During  the  interim,  as  Judge  Burnet 
states,  Wilkinson  improved  his  opportunity  for  cre- 
ating prejudice  and  bitterness  among  the  officers 
against  Wayne,  for  wliich  purpose  he  was,  in  his 
easy  and  graceful  deportment  and  suavity  of  man- 
ners, well  adapted.  In  this  work  he  w&a  probaljly 
heliied  by  the  known  bluntness,  sometimes  reaching 
rudeness,  of  Wayne's  manner,  by  which  he  often 
gave  unintentional  offense.  Wilkinson  was  thus  en- 
abled to  arrange  on  his  side  a  large  portion  of  those 
about  him,  whereby  General  Wayne  nas  not  a  little 
embarrassed  on  taking  command.     But  many  were 


have  given  it  the  solid,  permanent  state  of  the 
mummy. 

General  Wayne  was  born  in  Chester  Count}-, 
Pennsylvania,  in  Januarj-,  1745,  and  was  in 
the  52d  year  of  his  life,  and  bad  just  reached 
his  mental  and  physical  prime,  when  suddenly 
cut  off.  lie  was  the  son  of  a  farmer,  who  was 
a  prominent  man,  having  served  in  the  Pro- 
vincial Legislature  and  taken  part  in  exjiedi- 
tions  against  the  Indians.  Anthony's  record 
has  long  been  familiar  with  readers  of  Ameri- 
can history-,  and  need  not  be  detailed  here.  It 
has  been  justly  stated  of  him,  that  "  there  was 
scarcely  an  important  battle  or  hazardous  en- 
terprise, from  the  beginning  to  the  end  of  the 
Revolutionary  struggle,  in  which  he  was  not 
more  or  less  distinguished" — prominent  among 
which  stands  his  desperate  and  successful  at- 
tack on  Stony  Point,  which  gave  him  the  name 
of  "Mad  Anthony,"  and  procured  for  him  a 
gold  medal,  at  the  hands  of  Congress.  The 
first  civil  organization  established  after  the 
Greenville  treaty,  was  the  Count}'  formed  of 
the  Michigan  Peninsula  (in  1796),  and  named 
Wayne,  in  honor  of  its  deliverer  from  Indian 
and  British  rule,   with  Detroit  for  its  seat  of 

attached  to  tliat  officer,  while  others  properly  kept 
aloof  from  the  dispute.  After  the  victorious  battle 
of  Fallon  Timbers,  Wilkinson  undertook  to  belittle 
Wayne's  honors,  by  representing  that  the  result  was 
due,  not  to  military  skill,  but  to  want  of  concert  in 
action  on  the  part  of  the  Indians — that  the  attack  by 
them  was  premature,  and  before  half  of  their  forces 
bad  arrived — that  Blue  Jacket,  the  Shawnee  in  com- 
mand, had  rejected  Little  Turtle's  plan  of  attack, 
who  afterwards  became  Wilkinson's  confidential 
friend,  and  was  among  the  most  talented  Chiefs  in 
the  AVest.  It  was  thus  claimed  among  Wilkinson's 
adherents  that  if  Little  Turtle's  advice  had  been  acted 
upon  in  a  simultaneous  attack  by  the  entire  Indian 
force,  they  could  not  have  been  flanked,  and  the  re- 
sult with  them  would  have  been  a  victory  instead  of 
a  defeat.  The  number  of  Indians  reported  as  killed 
in  the  engagement  was  over  .50,  besides  some  taken 
away  hy  comrades.  This  statement  was  met  with 
ridicule,  and  Major  Smith  facetiously  reported  a  dia- 
logue as  taking  jjlace  on  the  banks  of  the  River  Styx, 
between  Old  Charon  and  the  ghost  of  one  of  AVayne's 
soldiers,  who  boasted  of  the  great  slaughter  of  Indians 
in  that  battle ;  when  the  old  fen-yman,  shaking  his 
head,  protested,  solemnly,  that  he  had,  upon  count, 
ferried  over  the  ghosts  of  just  1(3  Indians  from  that 
field,  and  not  one  more.  All  this,  however,  can 
never  detract  from  the  brilliant  record  of  "  Mad  An- 
thony," whether  as  made  in  the  AVar  of  the  Revolu- 
tion proper,  or  in  the  magnificent  campaign  by  which 
alone  that  AVar  was  brought  to  its  actual  close. 


48 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


justice,  which  was  then  a  garrison  Town,  com- 
pactly built  on  streets  not  averaging  more  than 
one  roil  in  width,  and  completely  enclosed 
with  strong  jjicK-ets.  It  was  the  most  ancient 
Town  on  the  Upper  Lakes,  having  been  settled 
by  the  French  as  early  as  1683,  and  was  the 
Capital  of  Upper  Canada  until  it  fell  into  the 
hands  of  the  United  States.* 

»  In  this  connection,  the  following  statement  from 
Burnet's  "  Notes,"  us  to  the  original  'Wliite  settlers  on 
the  Detroit  l^iver,  will  be  of  interest,  and  the  more 
so,  as  it  applies  with  much  jjropriety  to  those  on  the 
River  Riiisin,  and  in  tlie  "  Bay  Settlement,"  South  of 
that  stream : 

"  When  the  American  troops  took  possession  of 
the  Northern  posts,  the  inhabitants  of  Detroit  and 
its  contiguous  settlements,  from  Lake  St.  Clair  to  the 
Rivei-  Raisin,  on  both  sides  of  the  Straits,  -vvere,  almost 
exclusively,  Canadian  French,  who  were  the  owners 
and  cultivators  of  the  soil.  The  land  had  been  laid 
out,  originally,  into  farms  of  very  narrow  fronts— in 
most  instances  not  more  than  tifty  rods— and  running 
back  from  one  to  two  miles,  for  quantity.  The  own- 
ers and  occupiers  were  extremely  ignorant,  and  were 
under  the  influence  of  a  strong  religious  superstition. 
They  had  been  treading  in  the  footsteps  of  their 
fathers,  time  out  of  mind,  like  mere  imitative  beings, 
without  seeming  to  know  that  any  improvement  had 
been  made  in  agriculture  since  Noah  planted  his 
vineyard.  They  raised  the  same  crops  without  vari- 
ation, and  in  the  same  succession,  they  had  been  ac- 
customed to  see  from  boyhood.  When  a  field  became 
exhausted  it  was  suffered  to  rest  till  it  became  par- 
tially recruited,  by  its  own  scanty,  spontaneous  pro- 
ducts, and  by  the  rains  and  dews  of  heaven.  Their 
houses,  barns,  and  other  improvements,  were  fronting 
on  the  Strait,  separated  from  it  by  a  narrow  road, 
which  ran  along  the  edge  of  the  water.  Each  farm  had 
an  orchard  contiguous  to  the  house,  containing  a  vari- 
ety of  fine  fruit.  When  the  litter  about  the  barn  and 
stable  increased  so  much  as  to  become  inconvenient, 
they  piled  it  on  sleds,  drew  it  down  to  the  Strait, 
which  was  just  at  hand,  and  threw  it  into  the  water. 
Under  that  practice,  the  soil,  though  naturally  good, 
produced  very  light  crops,  and  the  jirice  of  every  ag- 
ricultural product  was  extravagantly  high.  That  con- 
tinued to  be  the  case  till  emigrants  from  the  United 
States  purchased  and  settled  among  them,  and  intro- 
duced a  better  system  of  agriculture. 

"The  native  French  were  Catholics, and  conscien- 
tiously exact  in  the  performance  of  their  religious 
duties.  Their  tithes  were  regularly  brought  and  de- 
posited in  the  storehouse  of  the  Priest,  with  apparent 
cheerfulness. 

"  Previous  to  the  establishment  of  American 
Courts  at  Detroit,  all  matters  of  controversy  among 
the  inhabitants  ha<l  been  setted  in  a  summary  way 
by  the  Commandant,  to  whose  decision  the  inhabi- 
tants had  been  accustomed  to  submit.  They  had  been 
habituated,  all  their  lives,  to  this  summary,  expedi- 
tious mode  of  settling  their  disputes  ;  and  were,  con- 


The  real  design  of  the  protracted  and  persis- 
tent efforts  of  the  British  authorities  in  their 
unwarranted  intrigue  with  the  Indians,  mani- 
festly, was  to  combine  their  several  tribes  in  a 
Confederacy  sufficiently  strong  to  comjJel  the 
United  States  to  accept  the  Ohio  River  as  a 
boundary  line.     This  was  sought,  not   in  the 

sequently,  very  much  dissatisfied  with  the  slow,  te- 
dious progress  of  an  American  Court ;  against  which 
they  complained  very  loudly. 

"  Among  the  advantages  of  which  the  people  of 
Detroit  then  boasted,  was  the  excellence  of  their  do- 
mestic servants.  No  visitor  from  the  States  could 
spend  any  time  at  a  public  or  private  house  in  that 
City,  without  being  satisfied  that  they  did  possess 
that  advantage  in  a  greater  degree  than  the  inhabi- 
tants of  any  other  part  of  the  United  States. 

"  The  Canadian  French  w  ere  naturally  olistinate 
and  headstrong ;  and  were  illiterate  and  untaught  in 
the  principles  of  equality,  professed  and  practiced  in 
Republics.  They  had  grown  up  from  infancy  under 
the  impression  that  nature  had  estalilished  ditl'erent 
orders  in  society — that  power  and  i-ank  were  insep- 
arable from  wealth  ;  and  that  inferiority  and  submis- 
sion were  ordained  for  the  poor.  That  imi^ression 
was  carried  out  into  practice,  and  accounts,  in  a  great 
measure,  for  the  excellence  of  their  hirelings  and  do- 
mestics ;  but  their  best  servants  were  the  Pawnee  In- 
dians and  their  descendants,  who  are  held  an<l  dis- 
posed of  as  slaves,  under  the  French  and  British  Gov- 
ernments— a  species  of  slavery  which  existed  to  a 
considerable  extent  in  Upper  Canada.  It  was  intro- 
duced at  the  early  settlement  of  the  country,  and  was 
founded  on  the  assumed  right  of  selling  captives 
taken  in  war  as  slaves.  The  Pawnees  were  numer- 
ous and  powerful ;  but  were  considered  as  degraded 
by  all  the  other  tribes  ;  on  which  account,  prisoners 
taken  from  them  by  any  other  Nation  were  con- 
demned to  slaver}',  and  were  held  as  slaves  by  the 
captors  or  sold  as  such  to  others.  Many  of  them  were 
purchased  by  the  Canadians,  and  employed  as 
drudges  in  the  fur  trade,  and  frequently  as  house 
servants.  The  Indian  code  justified  the  putting  of 
prisoners  to  death,  which  had  been  their  common 
punishment,  till  it  was  commuted  for  the  milder  one 
of  being  sold  into  slavery  for  life.  That  relation  ex- 
isted when  the  countr}'  was  delivered  up  to  the 
United  States,  though  the  practice  of  purchasing  In- 
dian captives  as  slaves  by  the  white  people,  had 
ceased  before  the  siu'render ;  and  consequently  the 
priucijial  part,  if  not  all  the  Indians  then  in  slavery, 
were  the  descendants  of  enslaved  captives.  Innne- 
diately  after  the  laws  of  the  United  States  were  intro- 
duced, and  their  Courts  of  judicature  estaldished,  the 
validity  of  that  relation  was  (xuestioned,  and  the  value 
of  that  species  of  property  very  much  diminished  ; 
not  only  by  the  uncertainty  of  its  tenure,  but  by  the 
effect  which  the  discussion  of  the  subject  produced 
on  the  minds  of  the  slaves.  Very  soon  after  the  right 
became  a  subject  of  inquiry,  public  oiiinion  decided 
against  it,  and  the  relation  ceased  to  exist." 


CAPTAIN  WILLIAM   WELLS. 


49 


interest  of  the  Indians,  but  with  expectation, 
that  such  line  once  fixed,  the  great  Northwest, 
now  constituting  several  of  the  largest  and 
most  prosperous  States  of  the  Union,  would 
become  a  jtrotectorate  of  Great  Britain.  The 
stake,  to  an  unscrupulous  povver,  was  very 
tempting.  Besides  this,  was  added  a  desire,  if 
possible,  to  humble  the  young  Government, 
whose  entire  territory  consisted  of  domain 
wrested  by  force  from  British  possession.  To 
these  considerations  were  added  special  sources 
of  irritation,  including  the  action  of  the  Vir- 
ginia Legislature  in  maintaining  laws  against 
the  fiaymentof  claims  held  by  British  creditors 
against  citizens  of  that  vState.  At  the  vei'y  time 
of  the  battle  of  Fallen  Timbers,  there  was  a 
general  apprehension  that  these  matters  migbt 
culminate  in  renewed  war.  But  it  so  happened, 
that  at  that  verj^  time  John  Jay,  Envoy  Ex- 
traordinary of  the  United  States,  was  actively 
engaged  in  negotiating  for  the  adjustment  of 
all  matters  of  difference  between  the  two  Gov- 
ernments ;  and  with  such  etfect,  that,  three 
months  after  Wayne's  signal  victory  over  the 
British  allies,  what  is  known  as  the  "Jay 
Treaty  "  was  concluded  with  Lord  Greenville. 
Just  how  much  that  battle  had  to  do  with 
such  result,  is  a  matter  of  opinion  only.  Suffice 
it  here  to  know,  that  by  that  treaty  the  yet 
straggling  shreds  of  the  Kevolutiouary  War 
were  gathered  up  and  finally  disposed  of,  and 
peace  secured  to  tlie  great  Xorthwest. 

The  association  of  the  name  of  Captain 
William  Wells  with  manj'  of  the  prominent 
events  in  the  early  history  of  the  Maumee 
Valley,  will  Justify  brief  mention  of  his  life. 
Of  him  Jesse  L.  Williams,  in  a  historical  sketch 
of  the  First  Presbyterian  Church  of  Fort 
Wayne,  says  : 

Of  Captain  AVin.  Wells's  birthplace  and  parent- 
age, we  have  no  record.  Pie  was  captured  at  the  age 
of  12  years,  when  he  was  an  inmate  of  the  family  of 
Hon.  Nathaniel  Pope,  in  Kentucky,  by  the  Miami 
tribe,  and  going  through  the  formal  adoption,  lived  to 
manhood  among  them.  His  Indian  name  was  Black 
Snake.  He  became  quite  an  influential  man  among 
tliem,  and  married  a  sister  of  the  celeVjrated  Chief, 
Little  Turtle.  He  fought  by  the  side  of  his  Chief  in 
the  contests  with  Generals  Harmar  and  St.  Clair. 
Afterward,  in  times  of  calm  retiection,  with  dim 
memories  still  of  his  childhood  home,  of  brothers  and 
■  playmates,  he  seems  to  have  been  harassed  with  the 
T  thought  that  among  the  slain,  by  his  own  hand,  may 
have  been  his  kindred.  The  approach  of  Wayne's 
army,  in  1794,   stirred    anew    ronflioting  emotions, 


based  upon  indistinct  recollections  of  early  ties,  of 
country  and  kindred  on  the  one  hand,  and  existing 
attachments  of  wife  and  children  on  the  other.  He 
resolved  to  make  his  history  known.  With  true 
Indian  cliaracteristics,  the  secret  purpose  of  leaving 
his  adopted  nation  was,  according  to  reliable  tradi- 
tion, made  known  in  this  manner:  Taking  with  him 
the  AVar  Chief,  Little  Turtle,  to  a  favorite  .spot  on  the 
banks  of  the  Maumee,  Wells  said :  "  I  leave  now  your 
nation  for  my  own  people.  We  have  long  been 
friends.  We  are  friends  yet,  until  the  sun  reaches  a 
certain  height  [which  he  indicated].  From  that  time 
we  are  enemies.  Then,  if  you  wish  to  kill  me,  j-ou 
may.  If  I  want  to  kill  you,  I  may."  At  the  appointed 
hour,  crossing  the  river.  Captain  Wells  disappeared 
in  the  forest,  taking  an  easterly  direction  to  strike  the 
trail  of  Wayne's  army.  Obtaining  an  interview  with 
General  Wayne,  he  became  ever  afterward  the  faith- 
ful friend  of  the  Americans. 

He  was  made  Captain  of  the  spies  connected 
with  Wayne's  army.  His  adventures  in  that  capacitj- 
are  sufficiently  detailed  by  IMr.  McBride.  After  the 
treaty  of  Greenville,  and  the  establishment  of  peace, 
he  was  joined  b}'  his  wife  and  family,  and  settled  at 
the  "Old  Orchard"  a  short  distance  from  the  con- 
fluence of  the  St.  Mary's  and  St.  Joseph,  on  the  banks 
of  a  small  stream  there,  afterward  called  "  Spy  Run," 
and  which  still  bears  that  name.  The  Government 
subsequently  granted  him  a  jire-emption  of  some  320 
acres  of  land,  including  his  improvement,  the  Old 
Orchard,  etc.  Wells  afterward  also  became,  by  ap- 
pointment of  the  Government,  Indian  Agent  here 
(Fort  Wayne),  in  which  capacity  he  served  several 
years. 

By  his  first  wife,  Cajitain  Wells  had  four 
children — three  daughters  and  one  son.  The 
former  became  Mrs.  Judge  Wolcott  of  Maumee 
City  (South  Toledo),  and  Mrs.  Turner  and 
Mrs.  Hackley,  of  Fort  Wayne.  Mr.  Williams, 
referring  to  the  latter  two  ladies,  says  : 

Of  the  first  members  of  this  Church,  two  were 
half  Indian,  who  had  before  (in  1820)  joined  the 
Baptist  Church,  under  the  labors  of  Rev.  Mr.  McCoy, 
a  Missionary  to  the  Indians  at  this  jjost  (Fort  Wayne). 
They  were  educated  in  Kentucky,  and  are  yet  kindly 
remembered  by  some  in  the  Church  and  community 
as  ladies  of  refinement  and  intelligent  piety. 

The  son,  Wayne  Wells,  died  while  yet  a 
young  man,  while  crossing  Lake  Erie,  in  1823. 
For  his  second  wife,  Captain  Wells  married  a 
second  sister  of  the  Indian  Chief,  Little  Turtle, 
having  with  her  a  daughter,  Jane,  who  married 
Matthew  Griggs,  a  pioneer  of  Fort  Wayne,  and 
settled  at  Peru,  Indiana.  For  a  time  Captain 
Wells  had  command  of  a  small  force  of  spies 
in  Wayne's  service.  Among  them  were  liobert 
McClellan,  made  famous  through  Irving's 
"  Astoria,"  and  Henrj-  Miller.     The  former  was 


.50 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ail  athlete  without  an  equal  in  afrility  and  en- 
durniu'i'.  Hi- had  leaped  over  a  covered  wagon, 
ri'((iiiriiiij  a  rise  of  eight  and  one-half  feet. 
Miller,  with  his  brother  Christopher,  while 
j-oiuig  li:i(l  \ivvu  made  captives  by  Indians  and 
adopted  by  an  Indian  family.  When  24  years 
of  ago,  Henry  made  his  escape  to  the  Whites, 
but  was  uiiahle  to  induce  his  brother  to  go  with 
him.  In  June,  1794,  while  his  headquarters 
were  at  Fort  Greenville,  General  Wayne  dis- 
patched Wells,  Miller  and  two  others  (Hick- 
man and  Thorp)  to  bring  into  camp  an  Indian, 
as  ])risoner,  with  the  hope  through  him  of 
obtaining  information  as  to  the  intentions  of 
the  enemy.  For  such  purpose  Miller  entered 
the  Indian  countr3',  crossing  the  St.  Mary's  and 
thence  to  the  Au  Glaize ;  following  up  that 
stream  they  discovered  a  smoke.  Dismount- 
ing they  made  examination  and  soon  found 
three  Indians  camped  on  high  ground.  Soon 
Wells  approached  unobserved  quite  to  the 
party,  whom  they  found  roasting  their  venison 
by  a  fire.  By  arrangement  Wells  and  Miller 
each  were  to  select  a  victim — one  taking  the 
Indian  at  the  left,  and  the  other  the  one  at  the 
right,  with  McClellan  to  run  and  capture  the 
third.  The  two  shots  were  effective,  and  Mc- 
Clellan sprang  after  the  remaining  Indian, 
who  made  all  possible  speed  down  the 
Elver;  but  finding  himself  likely  to  be  over- 
taken, he  sprang  from  the  bank  into  the 
stream,  20  feet  down,  sinking  into  the 
soft  mud  at  the  bottom,  which  held  him  firmly 
in  its  grasp.  McClellan  made  a  like  spring, 
landing  near  the  Indian,  whom  after  a  severe 
struggle,  he  was  soon  enabled  to  subject  to  his 
control.  With  the  assistance  of  W^ells  and 
Miller,  the  captive  was  taken  from  the  water. 
He  was  sulky,  refusing  to  speak.  When  washed 
of  the  mire,  he  was  found  to  be  a  white  man. 
Taking  their  course  for  Greenville,  the  prisoner 
for  a  time  continued  silent  and  sullen.  It 
finally  occurred  to  Miller  that  the  captive 
might  be  his  own  brother,  and  to  test  that 
point,  he  rode  up  and  called  him  by  his  Indian 
name.  This  startled  him,  and  he  inquired 
how  his  name  came  to  be  known.  The  mys- 
tery was  soon  explained.  The  prisoner  was 
Christopher  Miller.  The  case  was  a  remarka- 
ble one,  and  his  extraordinary  escape  from  the 
fate  of  his  two  associates,  by  being  between 
them,  made  a  strong  impression  on  his  mind. 
Finally,  after   agreeing  not  to  rejoin  the  In- 


dians, but  to  remain  with  the  Whites,  he  was 
released,  and  soon  joined  Wayne's  force  and 
did  good  service  during  the  balance  of  the 
War.  One  more  incident  in  Captain  Wells's 
service  may  be  given  hero.  On  one  of  his  ex- 
peditions through  the  Indian  country,  and 
when  on  the  bank  of  the  St.  Mary's,  he  discov- 
ei'ed  an  Indian  familj'  coming  up  the  Eiver  in  a 
canoe.  Dismounting,  he  concealed  his  men, 
and  then  went  to  the  bank,  and  called  the  In- 
dians to  come  over.  Suspecting  no  danger, 
they  crossed  to  where  he  was.  As  the 
canoe  touched  the  shore,  Miller  heard  the 
clicks  of  his  men's  rifles,  preparatory  to 
shooting  the  Indians.  What  was  his  surprise, 
to  find  the  jJarty  to  consist  of  his  Indian  father 
and  mother,  by  adoption,  and  their  children  ! 
Saying  to  his  men  that  the  family  before  them 
"  having  fed  him  when  he  was  hungry,  clothed 
him  when  he  was  naked,  and  nursed  him  when 
sick  ;  and  in  every  respect  been  as  kind  and 
affectionate  to  him  as  they  were  to  their  own 
children,"  they  must  not  suffer  in  any  way  at 
his  hands.  Accepting  such  ground  for  lenitj', 
the  party  ajiproached  the  canoe,  and  shook 
hands  with  its  alarmed  inmates  in  the  most 
friendlj'  manner.  While  Wayne  was  at  Fort 
Defiance,  in  August,  1794,  Wells  was  sent  to 
bring  in  another  prisoner,  with  a  view  to  in- 
formation from  the  enemy.  F'or  such  purpose 
he  followed  cautiously  down  the  Maumee,  until 
he  came  opposite  the  subsequent  site  of  Fort 
Meigs,  and  about  two  miles  above  Fort  Miami 
(then  called  Fort  Campbell,  after  its  British 
commander).  At  this  point  was  an  Indian 
Village,  into  which  Wells  and  party  rode,  as  if 
from  the  Fort.  In  the  dress  of  the  Indian, 
they  were  received  and  treated  as  friendly. 
Passing  through  the  Village,  the  party  met  an 
Indian  man  and  woman,  whom  they  made  pris- 
oners, and  with  them  set  off  for  Defiance,  On 
their  way,  they  fell  in  with  an  Indian  encamp- 
ment, which  they  approached,  hoping  for  in- 
formation. The  Indians  were  communicative, 
giving  all  they  had  heard  about  Wayne's  move- 
ments and  the  probabilities  of  a  battle.  At 
length  an  Indian  some  distance  from  them,  in 
an  undertone  and  anotlier  tongue,  said  he  sus- 
pected the  visitors  were  spies.  Wells  heard 
this,  and  at  once  gave  the  signal,  when  the 
party  fired  their  rifles  at  the  Indians  about 
them,  and  immediately  put  spurs  to  their 
horses.     The  Indians  promptly  fired  on  them, 


CAPTAIN  WILLIAM  WELLS. 


51 


one  ball  wounding  MeClellan  in  the  shoulder, 
and  another  breaking  Wells's  arm.  Taking 
their  prisoners,  the  party  resumed  their  march 
to  Fort  Defiance,  where  the  captives  were  duly 
examined,  and  the  wounded  cared  for  The 
battle  of  Fallen  Timbers  soon  thereafter  closed 
hostilities  with  the  Indians,  and  Captain  Wells 
and  his  inti-epid  command  found  no  further 
service  of  the  kind  in  which  they  had  so  dis- 
tinguished themselves. 

In  the  War  of  1812-15,  Captain  Wells  was  in 
command  of  Fort  Wayne.  It  is  stated,  that 
ujJon  hearingof  Hull's  order  for  the  evacuation 
of  Fort  Dearborn,  he  made  a  rapid  march  to 
reinforce  Captain  Ileald  ;  to  the  end,  that  that 
position  might  be  held  as  a  protection  to  Fort 
Wayne  and  the  Maumee  Valley.  But  he  was 
too  late  by  a  few  hours.  On  the  15th  of  Au- 
gust, the  little  force  at  the  Fort,  accompanied 
by  Captain  Wells  and  his  Miamis,  left  the  Fort 
and  moved  along  the  shore  to  Sand  Hills, 
where  they  were  attacked  by  'M)  Pottawato- 
inies.     At  the  beginning  of  the  conflict.  Wells 


was  with  the  wife  of  Captain  Heald  (a  niece  of 
his).  Turning  to  her,  he  said  :  "  We  have  not 
the  slightest  chance  for  life.  We  must  part  to 
meet  no  more  in  this  world.  God  bless  you," 
and  dashed  into  the  fight.  After  the  most  des- 
perate contest,  he  was  wounded,  taken  prisoner 
and  reserved  for  torture.  To  save  himself 
from  such  fate,  he  sought  to  provoke  his  cap- 
tors with  insulting  epithets,  calling  them  Per- 
so-tum  (the  name  for  a  Squaiv),  the  most  op- 
probrious term  in  the  Indian  tongue,  when 
ap])lied  to  males.  The  result  was  his  in.stant 
death  with  a  tomahawk,  and  the  tearing  of  his 
heart  from  his  body,  and  the  eating  of  a  por- 
tion of  it  while  yet  warm  by  the  assassin. 

These  details  of  Captain  Wells's  record,  be- 
sides the  interest  given  them  by  his  identifica- 
tion with  the  Maumee  Vallej',  are  valuable,  as 
giving  in  brief  space  something  of  Indian  life 
and  Indian  connection  with  the  early  history 
of  this  region.  To  all  this,  is  added  the  rela- 
tion borne  by  that  intrepid  hero  to  one  of  the 
prominent  families  of  Lucas  County. 


CHAPTEE    11. 

TIIK    WAR    OF    1812     WITH     ENGLAND.         HULl's     SUERENDER. THE     RIVER     RAISIN     MASSACRE. 

SIEGE    OF   FORT    MEIGS.  —  DEFENSE    OF   FORT    STEPHENSON. —THE    BATTLE    OF    LAKE    ERIE. — 
THE    BATTLE    OF   THE   THAMES.  —  THE    END    IN   THE    NORTHWEST. 


O  .section  of  the  countiy  was  made  the 
XM  scene  or  was  called  to  suffer  more  severely 
the  unfortunate  incidents  and  consequences  of 
the  War  of  1812-15  between  the  United  States 
and  Great  Britain,  than  was  the  Maumee  Val- 
ley. This  fact,  no  doubt,  was  largely  due  to 
the  geographical  proximity  of  this  region  to 
the  British  possessions  in  Canada;  but  was 
even  more  a  result  of  long-existing  and  bitter 
feeling  engendered  by  conflicting  interests  of 
trade,  and  the  presence  of  Indian  tribes  cun- 
ningly employed  by  the  British  authorities  in 
resisting  the  advance  of  civilization  and  law 
under  the  Government  of  the  United  States. 
The  profit  of  traffic  with  these  savages,  so  long 
contended  lor,  had  lost  little  of  its  temptation 
to  the  shameful  policy  of  British  traders,  backed 
by  British  power.  Considerations  of  military 
strategy  also  operated  to  the  same  end.  The 
possession  of  the  Lakes,  and  especially  of  Lake 
Brie  and  the  countrj'  about  it,  was  an  end  too 
important  to  be  overlooked.  Hence,  the  first 
object  of  the  British  Government,  upon  the  dec- 
laration of  War,  would  be  to  seize  these  positions 
of  advantage;  and  in  doing  so,  the  ways  and 
means  were  matters  of  subordinate  consider- 
ation. Lacking  the  Military  and  Naval  forces 
requisite  for  that  purpose,  they  would  not 
hesitate  to  supplement  such  limited  means,  by 
employing  the  services  of  the  Indian  tribes  and 
bands  within  the  reach  of  their  unscrupulous 
machinations.  All  this  was  too  well  understood 
by  the  United  States  Government,  and  by  the 
settlers  specially  concerned,  to  be  overlooked. 
For  several  months  previous  to  the  declar- 
ation of  War  by  Congress,  the  matter  of 
preparation  for  that  event,  was  seriously  dis- 
cussed and  strongly  urged.  Such  provision 
would  have  included  the  means  requisite  for 
seizing  full  command  of  the  Lakes,  the  conquest 
of  Upper  Canada  (now  Ontario),  and  securing 
the  favor— at  least,  the  neutrality— of  the 
Indian  tribes  most  likely  to  become  allies  of 
the  British.     Such  steps  were  repeatedly  rec- 


ommended by  Governor  Hull  of  Michigan 
Territorj',  in  March,  and  again  in  April,  1812; 
and  by  Gen.  Armstrong,  in  January,  1812. 
These  recommendations  included  both  Naval 
and  Military  means.  The  War  Department, 
however,  in  its  jjrovisions,  limited  itself  to 
2,000  soldiers,  and  refused  to  increase  its  force 
to  3,000  men,  when  urged  so  to  do  by  General 
Hull. 

No  definite  movement  was  made  toward  the 
highly  important  strategic  ends  named,  until 
June  1st,  1812.  At  this  date.  General  Hull, 
at  the  head  of  a  force  which  he  well  knew  to  be 
inadequate  for  the  objects  sought,  left  Dayton, 
for  the  Maumee  Elver,  as  his  first  stopping 
place.  The  force  was  known  as  the  "North- 
western Army."  From  Cincinnati  marched  a 
Regiment  under  Col.  James  Findlay.  Two 
other  Regiments  of  Ohio  Volunteers,  under 
Cols.  Duncan  McArthur  and  Levv'is  Cass,  joined 
the  command  at  Urbana.  The  march  occupied 
the  entire  month,  and  was  attended  bj-  a  degree 
of  toil  and  jjrivation  rarelj*  experienced  bj^ 
military  commands.  He  had  roads  to  out  and 
bridges  to  make  through  an  unbroken  forest 
of  unsurpassed  denseness,  and  block-houses  to 
build  at  different  i^oints.  A  communication  to 
General  Hull  from  the  War  Departnient  of  date 
of  Maj-  18th,  which  reached  him  on  the  2-tth, 
gave  no  indication  that  war  was  likely  to  be 
declared,  or  that  there  was  special  urgent}-  for 
haste  in  the  movement  of  his  forces.  And 
this,  while  Senator  Thomas  Worth ington  was 
writing  from  Washington  warnings  of  the  ap- 
])roaching  declaration  of  hostility  by  Congress  ; 
which  caution,  at  the  time,  is  said  to  have 
been  communicated  to  General  Hull  by  Colonel 
Duncan  McArthur.  So  thoroughly  was  the 
latter  officer  impressed  with  such  information, 
that  he  refused  to  trust  his  baggage  in  the 
vessel  employed  for  sending  stores  and  sick 
soldiers  from  the  Maumee  to  Detroit.  General 
Hull  treated  all  reports  of  impending  War,  as 
unworthy  of  credence,   assuming,  with    some 


[■'-'] 


rin.i.'s  sri:nE\i>Ei: 


53 


justice,  that  were  sucli  event  immediately 
probable,  the  War  Department  would  not  liave 
failed  to  advise  him  of  the  fact  in  time  for 
proper  action  on  his  part. 

On  the  day  General  Hull  left  Dayton  for  his 
march  North,  President  Madison  sent  to  the 
Senate  his  message  recommending  a  declara- 
tion of  War  with  Great  Britain.  Two  days 
later,  Senator  Calhoun,  from  the  proper  Com- 
mittee, made  a  report  approving  such  step ; 
and  on  the  19th  the  important  declaration  was 
made  by  Congress  in  secret  session.  It  was  on 
the  day  previous  to  this  final  action,  and  17 
da3-s  after  the  President  recommended  the 
same,  that  the  Secretai-y  of  War  forwarded  to 
General  Hull  the  letter  received  bj-  that  officer 
on  the  24th,  in  which  no  reference  was  made 
to  even  a  probability  of  early  hostilities.  It 
seems  that  dispatches  were  forwarded  for  Gen- 
eral Hull  on  the  HHh  of  June,  b}'  ordinary 
course  of  mail,  to  Cleveland,  reaching  there  on 
the  2!1th.  By  direction,  the  Cleveland  Post- 
master disjiatched  a  me.ssenger  with  this  letter 
to  General  Hull,  who  received  it  July  2d, 
making  tlie  time  of  its  passage  13  days.  The 
British  commander  at  Maiden  received  infor- 
mation on  the  Ist  of  July,  of  the  declaration 
of  War.  It  thus  reached  him  one  day  ahead 
of  General  Hull's  intelligence,  coming  m'a  Fort 
Erie  and  the  Nortliern  shore  of  Lake  Erie,  by 
express,  the  distance  being  100  miles  greater 
til  an  was  traveled  by  that  officer's  advices.  It 
was  stated,  that  so  certain  was  the  British 
commander  at  Fort  Maiden  that  the  Americans 
were  first  informed  of  the  declaration  of  War, 
that  he  delayed  his  movement  for  the  capture 
of  Detroit.  While  General  EuU  was  thus  left 
to  the  delaj'  of  uncertain  transmission  of  intel- 
ligence on  which  the  success  of  his  important 
campaign  rested,  letters  franked  by  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Treasury  and  containing  notice  of 
what  had  taken  place,  were  sent  to  the  British 
post  at  St.  Joseph,  near  the  Northwestern  shore 
of  Lake  Huron,  and  to  Maiden,  reaching  the 
latter  place  June  28th,  or  four  days  before  the 
War  Department's  notice  was  received  by 
General  Hull. 

The  American  forces  made  their  way,  unop- 
posed, to  Detroit,  crossed  the  River  to  Sand- 
wich, July  12th,  preparatory  to  movements  for 
the  capture  of  Maiden  and  the  conquest  of 
Upper  Canada.  General  Hull's  lack  of  fitness 
for  his   position   was  here   manifested"  in  the 


irresolution  and  hesitation  in  his  action,  due 
chiefly  to  a  sense  of  the  weakness  of  his  forces. 
To  such  source  of  embarrassment  was  added 
the  impatience  of  his  command  for  an  advance. 
For  the  space  of  26  days — from  July  12th  to 
August  7th — he  remained  practically  idle, 
awaiting  intelligence  of  a  contemjjlated  move- 
ment on  the  Niagara  frontier,  which  did  not 
take  place,  the  result  of  such  non-action  at  that 
point  being  the  rapid  transfer  of  British  troops 
from  the  Niagara  to  the  Detroit  Eiver.  The 
cause  of  such  failure,  was  found  in  the  failure 
of  General  Dearborn  to  make  a  diversion  at 
Niagara  and  Kingston,  in  Hull's  favor,  the 
former  having,  instead,  made  an  armistice  with 
the  British  commander,  thereby  j)ermitting 
the  diversion  of  a  portion  of  the  latter's  forces 
for  the  support  of  Colonel  Proctor  at  Maiden. 
The  result  was,  that  on  the  16th  of  August, 
without  a  serious  attempt  to  accomplish  the 
great  jjurpose  and  end  of  his  commission,  Gen- 
eral Hull  disgracefully  surrendered  Detroit, 
the  chief  strategic  point  on  the  boundary  of 
the  two  countries,  together  with  1,400  brave 
and  true  men,  long  eager  for  battle,  to  a  force 
consisting  of  .300  British  troops,  400  Canadian 
Militia  (disguised  in  red  coats,  the  uniform  of 
British  soldiers),  and  less  than  100  Indians  ;  or 
about  one-half  the  number  of  his  own  com- 
mand. Whatever  the  prevailing  cause  of  his 
fatal  inaction,  there  can  be  no  possible  justifi- 
cation or  excuse  therefor.  It  matters  little, 
whether  he  was  jjossessed  by  absolute  cowardice 
— by  fears  that  his  own  troops  would  be  unfair 
with  him— by  apprehension  for  the  personal 
safety  of  his  daughter  and  grandchildren  as 
captives  of  the  Indians — or  by  a  weakness  the 
result  of  habits  of  intemperance — whether 
either  or  all  of  these  led  to  his  fatal  imbecility 
in  action,  his  grave  offense  against  his  country 
remained  the  same.  That  he  was  not  duly 
forearmed  for  his  campaign,  in  either  proper 
force  or  timely  information  of  the  exigency  of 
the  crisis,  could  properly  have  been  pleaded  in 
justification  of  failure  in  any  earnest  movement 
he  might  have  made  toward  the  execution  of 
his  charge.  But  no  possible  excuse  could  be 
found  for  his  failure  to  undertake  anything  in 
that  direction.  He  could  have  been  in  no  sense 
responsible  for  results;  but  he  was  in  the 
highest  degree  responsible  for  proper  eftbrt 
toward  desirable  results.  Other  commanders, 
throughout  the  history  of  wars,  have,  like  him, 


-.4 


IIISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AA'D  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


suffered  from  lack  of  adequate  support ;  and 
many  of  the  most  brilliant  records  of  com- 
manders have  been  made  in  the  face  of  such 
want.  In  illustration  of  this  fact,  it  is  necessary 
only  to  cite  the  memorable  defense  of  Fort 
Stephenson,  by  Major  Croghan  and  his  little 
band,  against  the  very  forces  to  whom  General 
Hull  had  surrendered  his  superior  command  * 
J.ake  Erie  was  at  that  time  wholly  com- 
manded by  the  British  fleet,  and  no  route  open 
for  supplies  to  the  United  States  forces  in  this 
region,  save  that  through  the  Black  Swamp 
and  other  forests  of  Northwestern  and  Central 
Ohio ;  to  which  were  added  the  serious  peril 
and  annoyance  arising  from  the  presence  in 
these  forests  of  hostile  Indians,  requiring  a 
strong  military  guard  for  every  train  of  wagons 
and  pack-horses.  A  few  days  after  its  date, 
the  following  note  was  received  by  Governor 
Meigs,  at  Chillicothe,  to  wit: 

Detroit,  July  12,  1812. 
Dear  ,9ir;— The  Army  arrived  here  on  the  5th.     I 
have  now  only  time  to  state  to  you,  that  we  are  very 
deficient  in  provisions,  and  I  have  autliorized  Mr. 
Piatt  to  furnish  a  supply  for  two  months. 

The  communication  must  be  preserved  by  your 
Militia,  or  this  Army  will  perish  for  want  of  provis- 
ions. We  have  the  fullest  confidence  that  j'ou  will 
do  all  in  your  power  to  prevent  so  distressing  a  cal- 
amity to  this  patriotic  Army. 
I  am  very  respectfully. 

Your  obedient  servant, 

W.  Hull. 
His  Excellency,  R.  J.  Meigs, 

Governor  of  Ohio. 

This  letter  was  furnished  by  SamuelWilliams, 
who,  at  the  time  of  its  date,  was  connected  with 

*The  following  were  the  terms  of  General  Hull's 
surrender : 

"  Camp  at  Detuoit,  IGth  August,  1812. 
"  CajntvJatwn  for  the  surrender  of  Fort  Detroit,  entered 
into  between  Major  General  Brock,  commanding  His 
Britannic  Majestifs  Forces,  on  the  one  pari,  and 
Brigadier    General    Hull,  commanding   the  North- 
western Army  of  the  United  Stales,  on  the  other  part. 
"  1st.     Fort  Detroit,  with  all  the  troops,  regulars  as 
well  as  militia,  will  be  immediately  surrendered  to 
the  British  forces,   under  the  command  of  Major 
General  Brock,  and  will  be  considered  prisoners  of 
war,  with  the  exception  of  such  of  the  militia  of  the 
Michigan  Territory  who  have  not  joined  the  army. 

"  2d.  All  public  stores,  arms,  and  all  public  docu- 
ments, including  everything  else  of  a  puljlic  nature, 
will  be  immediately  given  up. 

"3d.  Private  persons  and  property  of  every  de- 
scription will  be  resjiected. 


Governor  Meigs,  and  afterwards  found  the  orig- 
inal copy  of  the  same  among  his  papers  and 
carefully  preserved  it,  first  making  it  public 
in  a  narrative  of  Military  Campaigns  of  1812 
and  1813,  published  in  the  Ladies'  Repository, 
a  publication  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church,    in    1854. 

The  object  General  Hull  had  in  writing  this 
letter,  is  not  entirely  clear.  The  attendant 
facts  furnish  very  slight  proof  of  the  good 
faith  of  its  author.  The  probable  end  sought 
in  sending  it,  was  to  lay  foundation  for  the 
plea  subsequently  put  forth,  that  the  criminal 
surrender  of  his  command  to  the  British  was 
made  necessary  by  a  lack  of  supplies. 

A  Court  Martial  was  appointed  for  the  trial 
of  General  Hull.  It  met  in  January,  1814,  and 
reached  a  decision  March  23,  in  pronouncing 
the  accused  guilty  of  the  second  and  third 
charges  (cowardice  and  neglect  of  duty),  but 
acquitting  him  of  treason.  By  a  vote  of  two- 
thirds  of  the  Court,  he  was  sentenced  "  to  be 
shot  to  death,"  but  recommended  to  the  mercy 
of  the  President,  by  whom  he  was  pardoned 
and  his  name  stricken  from  the  Army  roll. 
Martin  Van  Buren,  subsequently  President  of 
the  United  States,  was  Judge  Advocate  in  the 
trial.  One  of  the  specifications  of  the  first 
charge  of  treason,  was  as  follows: 

That  he  traitorously  contrived  to  convey  intelli- 
gence of  the  declaration  of  War,  of  the  expedition 
under  his  command,  and  of  the  number,  state  and 
condition  of  his  Army ;  by  hiring  an  unarmed 
vessel  at  the  Kapids  of  the  ]\Iianii  of  Lake  Erie,  and 
putting  on  board  a  trunk  containing  a  copy  of  the 
declaration  of  War,  his  correspondence  with  the  .Sec- 
retary of  War,  etc.,  with  the  intent  that  they  should 
fall  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy. 

"  4th.  His  Excellency,  Brigadier  General  Hull, 
having  expressed  a  desire  that  a  detachment  from 
the  State  of  Ohio,  on  its  way  to  join  his  army,  as  well 
as  one  sent  from  Fort  Detroit,  under  the  command  of 
Colonel  McArthur,  .shall  be  included  in  the  above 
capitulation — it  is  accordingly  agreed  to.  It  is,  how- 
ever, to  be  understood  that  such  part  of  the  Ohio 
militia  as  have  not  joined  the  army,  will  t>e  permitteil 
to  return  to  their  homes  on  condition  that  they  will 
not  serve  during  the  war.  Their  arms,  however, 
will  be  delivered  up,  if  belonging  to  the  public. 

".5th.  The  Governor  will  march  out  at  the  hour 
of  twelve  o'clock  this  day,  and  the  Britisli  forces  will 
take  immediate  jjossession  of  the  fort. 

"Approved: 

"William  Hull,  Brig.  Gen. 

"  Commanding  the  N.  W.  Army. 
"  Isaac  Brock,  Major  General." 


THE  RIVER   RAISIN  MASSACRE. 


55 


The  first  definite  movement  toward  the 
re-conquest  of  Michigan  from  British  con- 
trol secured  through  Hull's  surrender,  con- 
sisted of  the  advance  of  General  Harrison's 
Army  from  the  South.  On  the  10th  of  January, 
1813,  General  Winchester,  with  his  command, 
reached  the  Foot  of  the  Eajjids;  Harrison, 
with  the  right  wing,  being  yet  at  Upper  San- 
dusky; and  Tapper,  with  the  center,  at  Fort 
McArthur.  On  the  13th,  and  again  on  the 
16th,  Winchester  received  messages  from  the 
inhabitants  of  Frenchtown,  on  the  River 
Raisin,  setting  forth  the  danger  to  which  that 
place  was  exposed  from  the  hostility  of  British 
and  Indians.  This  intelligence  acted  strongly 
upon  the  sjmpathies  of  General  Winchester 
and  his  command,  and  on  the  17th  Colonel 
Lewis  was  dispatched  with  550  men  to  the 
River  Raisin  ;  followed  by  Colonel  Allen,  with 
110  more.  Proceeding  along  the  borders  of 
Maumee  Bay  and  the  Lake,  then  frozen,  Lewis 
reached  the  point  of  destination  on  the  18th, 
when  he  at  once  attacked  the  enemy,  posted 
in  the  Village,  and  gained  possession  of  the 
.same.  He  then  sent  for  much  needed  rein- 
forcements and  prepared,  as  well  as  he  could, 
to  strengthen  his  position.  The  situation  was 
very  critical,  since  he  was  but  18  miles  from 
the  whole  Britisli  force,  then  lying  at  Maiden, 
under  Proctor.  Winchester,  learning  of  the 
situation,  stai'ted  with  250  men  on  the  19th, 
the.se  being  all  lie  dared  to  withdraw  from  the 
Rapids,  and  reached  Frenchtown  on  the  even- 
ing of  the  20th.  Instead  of  taking  ordinary 
precaution  against  surprise,  he  suffered  his 
forces  to  remain  on  open  grounds,  notwith- 
standing he  was  warned  of  the  danger  of 
momentary  attack  by  reinforcements  from 
Maiden.  Sure  enough,  on  the  night  of  Jan- 
uarj-  2l8t,  the  entire  British  force,  unobserved, 
arrived  and  placed  a  battery  within  300  feet  of 
Winchester's  camp.  Early  in  the  morning, 
and  l)efore  the  American  troops  were  under 
arms,  the  British  opened  vigorous  fire  into 
their  camp,  soon  followed  by  thu  dread  yell 
and  whoop  of  the  Indian  allies.  Partial  pro- 
tection l)y  garden  pickets  had  been  secured  to 
Ijewis's  force;  but  nothing  interposed  to  shield 
the  imprudent  Winchester's  men,  who  received 
the  main  attention  of  the  combined  enemy, 
and  who  soon  gave  way,  and  fled  precipitately, 
and  were  mown  down  at  fearful  rate.  Both 
Winchester  and  Lewis  were  captured.    The  lat- 


ter's  forces  were  maintaining  their  ground  un- 
til they  received  from  Winchester  what  they 
understood  to  be  an  order  for  surrender,  upon 
which  they  acted,  although  that  oflicer  declared 
that  his  message  was  intended  as  suggestion 
or  advice,  and  not  an  order.  He  was  induced 
to  send  it  by  Proctor,  the  British  commander, 
by  representing  to  him  that  by  such  step  alone 
could  he  save  his  men  from  an  Indian  mas- 
sacre, at  the  same  time  pledging,  in  case  of  sur- 
render, protection  to  iirisoners.  Such  promise 
was  never  regarded,  as  the  inhuman  barbarities 
that  followed,  abundantly  showed.  Of  800 
men  there  under  Winchester,  full  one-third 
were  killed  in  battle  and  the  massacre  which 
followed,  and  less  than  40  escaped,  the  rest 
being  taken  prisoners. 

Something  of  the  real  character  of  that 
murderous  scene,  will  be  seen  from  the  follow- 
ing account  thereof,  given  by  Dr.  Gustavus  M. 
Bower,  Surgeon's  Mate  of  the  Fifth  Kentucky 
Regiment,  an  ej'e-witness.     It  is  as  follows  : 

Yours  of  the  5th  instant,  requesting  me  to  give 
you  a  statement  respecting  the  late  disaster  at  French- 
town,  was  duly  received.  Rest  assured,  sir,  that  it  is 
with  sensations  the  most  unpleasant  that  I  under- 
take to  recount  the  infamous  and  barbarous  conduct 
of  the  Britisli  and  Indians  after  the  battle  of  the  22d 
January.  The  blood  runs  cold  in  m}'  veins  when  I 
think  of  it. 

On  the  morning  of  the  23d,  shortly  after  light, 
six  or  eight  Indians  came  to  the  house  of  Jean  Bap- 
tiste  Jereaume,  where  I  was,  in  company  with  Major 
Graves,  Captains  Hart  and  Hickman,  Doctor  Todd, 
and  fifteen  or  twenty  volunteers,  belonging  to  differ- 
ent corps.  They  did  not  molest  any  person  or  tiling 
on  their  first  approach,  Init  kept  sauntering  about 
until  there  was  a  large  number  collected  (say  one  or 
two  hundred),  at  which  time  they  commenced  plun- 
dering the  houses  of  the  inhabitants,  and  the  massacre 
of  the  wounded  prisoners.  I  was  one  amongst  the 
first  that  was  taken  prisoner,  and  was  taken  to  a 
horse  about  iwenty  paces  from  the  house,  after  being 
divested  of  part  of  my  clothing,  and  commanded  by 
signs  there  to  remain  for  further  orders.  Shortly 
after  being  there,  I  saw  them  knock  down  Captain 
Hickman  at  the  door,  together  with  several  otliers 
with  whom  I  was  not  acquainted.  Supposing  a  gen- 
eral massacre  had  commenced,  I  made  an  eflbrt  to 
get  to  a  house  about  one  hundred  yards  distant, 
whicli  contained  a  number  of  wounded,  but  on  my 
reaching  the  house,  to  my  great  mortification,  found 
it  surrounded  by  Indians,  which  precluded  the  pos- 
sibility of  my  giving  notice  to  the  unfortunate  vic- 
tims of  savage  barbarity.  An  Indian  chief  of  the 
Tawa  tribe  of  the  name  of  McCarty,  gave  me  posses- 
sion of  his  horse  and  blanket,  telling  me  by  signs  to 
lead  the  horse  to  the  house  which  I  had  just  before 


ii/srnny  of  Toledo  and  lvcas  county. 


left.  The  Indian  that  first  took  me,  by  this  time 
came  up,  and  manifested  a  liostile  disposition  towards 
me,  !))■  raising  liis  tomahawk  as  if  to  give  me  the 
fatal  blow,  whifli  was  prevented  by  my  very  good 
friend  McCarty.  On  my  reaching  the  house  which  I 
had  first  started  fi-om,  I  saw  the  Indians  take  ofl' 
several  prisoners,  which  I  afterwards  saw  in  the 
road,  in  a  most  mangled  condition,  and  entirely 
stripped  of  their  clothing. 

Jdessre.  Bradford,  Searls,  Turner  and  Blythe, 
were  collected  round  a  carryall,  w'hich  contained 
articles  taken  by  the  Indians  from  the  citizens.  We 
had  all  been  placed  there,  by  our  respective  captors, 
except  Blythe,  who  came  where  we  w'ere  entreating 
an  Indian  to  convey  him  to  Maiden,  promising  to 
give  him  forty  or  fifty  dollars,  and  whilst  in  the  act 
of  pleading  for  mercy,  an  Indian  more  savage  than 
the  other,  stepped  up  behind,  tomahawked,  stripped 
and  scalped  him.  The  next  that  attracted  my  at- 
tention, was  the  bouses  on  fire  that  contained  several 
wounded,  whom  I  knew  were  not  able  to  get  out. 
After  the  houses  were  nearly  consumed,  we  received 
marching  orders,  and  after  arriving  at  Sandy  Creek, 
the  Indians  called  a  halt  and  commenced  cooking ; 
after  preparing  and  eating  a  little  sweetened  gruel, 
JSIessrs.  Bradford,  Searls,  Turner  and  myself,  re- 
ceived some,  and  were  eating,  when  an  Indian  came 
up  and  proposed  exchanging  his  moccasins  for  Mr. 
Searls's  shoes,  which  he  readily  complied  with.  They 
then  exchanged  hats,  after  which  the  Indian  inquired 
how  many  men  Harrison  had  with  him,  and,  at  the 
same  time,  calling  Searls  a  AVashington  or  Jladison, 
then  raised  his  tomahawk  and  struck  him  on  the 
shoulder,  which  cut  into  the  cavity  of  the  body. 
Searls  then  caught  hold  of  the  tomahawk  and  ap- 
peared to  resist,  and  upon  my  telling  him  his  fate 
was  inevitable,  he  closed  his  eyes  and  received  the 
savage  blow  which  terminated  his  existence.  I  was 
near  enough  to  him  to  receive  the  brains  and  blood, 
after  the  fatal  blow,  on  my  blanket.  A  short  time 
after  the  death  of  Searls,  I  saw  three  others  share  a 
similar  fate.  We  then  set  out  for  Brownstown, 
which  place  we  reached  about  12  or  1  o'clock  at 
night.  After  being  exposed  to  several  hours'  inces- 
sant rain  in  reaching  that  place,  we  were  put  into 
the  Council-house,  the  floor  of  which  was  partly 
covered  with  water,  at  which  place  we  remained 
until  next  morning,  when  we  again  received  march- 
ing orders  for  their  ^^llage  on  the  river  Rouge,  which 
place  we  made  that  day,  where  I  was  kept  six  days, 
then  taken  to  Detroit  and  sold.  For  a  more  de- 
tailed account  of  the  proceedings,  I  take  the  liberty 
of  referring  you  to  a  publication  which  appeared  in 
the  public  prints,  signed  by  Ensign  J.  L.  Baker,  and 
to  the  publication  of  Judge  Woodward,  both  of 
which  I  have  particularly  examined,  and  find  them 
to  be  literally  correct,  so  far  as  came  under  my 
notice. 

There  can  be  no  reasonable  ground  for 
doubt,  as  to  where  lay  the  real  responsibility 
for   this   atrocious   scene,   to   wit:    With    the 


British  commander.  The  actual  perpetrators 
might  plead  the  barbarous  dispositions  and 
practice  of  their  race,  in  partial  extenuation 
of  their  savagery  ;  General  Proctor,  in  sliame- 
fully  consenting  thereto,  had  no  such  mitiga- 
tion. The  bloody  work  was  done  by  his  own 
command,  without  even  protest.  The  only 
pretext  put  forth  in  his  behalf,  was,  that  he 
believed  to  be  true  a  report  set  afloat  by 
American  prisoners,  for  the  purpose  of  intim- 
idating their  captors  and  staying  their  lives, 
that  General  Harrison,  with  a  large  force,  was 
at  Otter  Creek.  This  report  —  known  to  the 
Indians  as  incorrect — was  sufficient  to  fi-ighten 
the  British  to  flight  to  Maiden. 

Harrison,  on  the  night  of  the  16th,  started 
from  Upper  Sandusky  for  Lower  Sandusky 
(Fremont),  and  on  the  18th  dispatched  a  Bat- 
talion to  Winchester ;  and  learning  the  situa- 
tion, he  hastened  to  the  Maumee  Rapids,  ar- 
riving there  on  the  morning  of  the  20th,  and 
waited  there  until  the  evening  of  the  21st,  for 
a  Kegiment,  which  fell  behind  in  crossing  the 
Black  Swamp.  On  the  22d  this  Regiment  was 
dispatched  to  Frencbtown,  other  troops  follow- 
ing. The  movement  was  in  vain,  since  the 
fatal  engagement  occurred  on  that  day,  and 
Harrison  met  a  few  survivors  before  reaching 
the  ground.  It  was  not  deemed  best  to  pro- 
ceed, and  the  forces  returned  to  the  Rapids ; 
whence,  as  a  matter  of  precaution  against  be- 
ing cut  off  from  convoys  of  stores  and  artillery 
yet  in  the  Black  Swamp,  Harrison  proceeded 
to  "  Carrying"  (Portage)  River,  to  await  rein- 
forcements daily  expected,  but  which,  in  con- 
sequence of  I'ains,  did  not  arrive  until  the 
30th.  Now  reinforced  by  two  Regiments, 
Gen.  Harrison,  on  the  Ist  February,  advanced 
toward  the  Rapids,  where  he  set  about  the 
construction  of  a  fortification,  which,  in  honor 
of  the  Governor  of  Ohio,  he  named  Fort 
Meigs,  where  his  entire  force  was  concen- 
trated. At  the  same  time  fortifications  were 
constructed  at  Ujjper  Sandusky. 


The  situation  in  the  Northwest,  at  this 
time,  was  far  from  satisfactory  —  the  chief 
military  results  there,  since  the  opening  of 
the  War,  having  been  the  capture  of  Mack- 
inaw, the  surrender  of  Hull,  the  massacre 
at  Chicago,  and  the  massacre  on  the  River 
Raisin.  Harrison  found  an  entire  change  in 
his  plans  necessary,  as  a  result  of  Winchester's 


FORT    MKIGS    AND    VICINITV. 

MAUMEE  RIVER. 


A— Gun  Batteries.  B— Mortar  Battery.  C— Blockliouses.  D— Luokoliis,  E— Old  Magazine.  F— New  Magazine.  H— Gateways  in  the 
Grand  Traverse.  K— Outer  Gateways.  M— Graves  of  Offleers.  N— Officers'  Quarters.  P— Store  Houses.  R— Forges  and  Repair  Shops.  S— 
Burial  Ground  of  Pittsburg  Blues.  T— Garrison  Burial  Ground.  The  Guns  were  placed  in  position  at  the  different  Batteries  as  occasion 
requiretl. 


BIRD'S-EYE  VIEW  OF  FORT  MEIGS,  FROM  THE  NORTH. 


Across  the  River  from  the  Fort,  where  the  main  British  Batteries  were  planted. 


■:A 


,3::^-^^^§5t»=* 


ji" 


4 


Across  the  Fort  nn<l  4o\vii  tin-  WilK-y,  i'imih  tin    W'csi  Angle. 


/    _.;    ■      -■    ..Ml 


Down  the  RiivJRe  toward  Perrysburg,  from  the  North  Angle,  looking  East. 
Dudley  Burial  Ground  on  the  right,  marked  by  a  dead  Walnut  tree. 


Down  the  small  Ravine  off  the  East 
Angle  of  the  Fort. 


y'Vrf.v  "**" ' 

Up  the  N'alley  from  the  Fort.     Battle- 
field of  Fallen  Timbers  in 
the  distance.' 


f^IEGE  OF  FORT  MEKIS. 


57 


sad  fiiiliire.  For  this  purpose,  he  returned  to 
Oliio,  liut  soon  hastened  back  to  Fort  Meigs, 
tliat  ho  might  more  closely  watch  tho  progress 
of  matters. 

It  had  now  become  the  accepted  policj'  of 
the  Government,  to  employ  regular  troojis 
only  and  secure  the  command  of  the  Lakes, 
which  was  expected  to  be  accomplished  by  the 
1st  of  June,  1813.  General  Harrison  con- 
siilered  the  exclusive  use  of  regulars  im- 
practicable, for  lack  of  sufficient  force  of  such. 
Hence,  militia  continued  to  be  a  dependence 
for  troops. 

It  was  expected  that  the  Britieh,  on  the 
opening  of  Spring,  would  proceed  for  the  con- 
quest of  Fort  Meigs,  and  Harrison  directed 
his  efforts  accordingly.  The  investment  of 
that  post  began  Ajjril  28th,  and  by  May  Ist 
the  British  had  their  batteries  in  position. 
Such  was  the  structure  of  the  Fort,  that  five 
days  of  cannonading  proved  ineffective.  On 
the  5th  General  Clay  of  Iventuckj-,  with  1,200 
additional  troops,  on  flat  boats,  came  down  the 
Manmee.  Of  these,  800  were  detached  under 
Col.  Dudley,  to  attack  the  batteries  on  the  left 
bank  of  tlie  River,  while  the  balance  of  Clay's 
troo])s  landed  on  the  South  shore  and  forced 
their  way  into  the  Fort.  Dudley  cajitured  the 
batteries,  but  neglecting  to  spike  the  guns  and 
hasten  to  the  Fort,  he  wasted  time  until  Proc- 
tor cut  him  off  from  retreat,  and  killed  and 
captured  all  but  150  of  his  command.  Col. 
Miller  succeeded  in  capturing  and  rendering 
useless  the  British  batteries  on  the  South  side 
of  the  River.  This  day's  operations  consti- 
tuted a  sad  record  for  the  Americans,  although 
the  British  saw  little  encouragement  for  the 
future.  The  Indians  found  it  "  hard  to  fight 
people  who  lived  like  ground-hogs."  Mean- 
time additional  trooi)s  for  Harrison  were  ap- 
proaching from  the  South.  Such  was  the 
situation,  that  Proctor  determined  to  retreat, 
and  on  the  9th  left  for  Maiden. 

A  private  soldier  of  the  Petersburg  (Va.) 
Volunteers,  writing  from  Zanesville,  O.,  March 
28,  1813,  to  a  friend  at  Petersburg,  gave  an  ac- 
count of  the  experience  of  his  Company  and 
other  troops  of  Harrison's  Army,  in  a  passage 
from  Up]icr  Sanduskj'  to  Fort  Meigs,  not  long 
before  that  date.  Major  Orr  was  in  command. 
The  writer  says :  "  We  had  with  us  20  pieces 
of  Artillery,  and  a  quantity  of  military  stores 
of  every  description.     We  at  this  time  knew 


nothing  of  the  unfortunate  events  on  the 
Raisin.  On  tiio  second  day  of  our  march,  a 
courier  arrived  from  General  Harrison,  order- 
ing the  Artillery  to  advance  with  all  po.s.sible 
speed.  This  was  rendered  totall}'  impossible 
by  the  snow  which  took  place,  it  being  a  com- 
plete swamp  nearly  all  the  way.  On  the  even- 
ing of  the  same  day,  news  arrived  that  GeTieral 
Harrison  had  retreated  to  Portage  River,  18 
miles  in  rear  of  the  camp  at  the  Rapids.  As 
many  men  as  could  be  spared,  determined  to 
proceed  immediately  to  reinforce  Lim.  It  is 
unnecessary  to  state,  that  we  were  among  the 
first  who  wished  to  advance.  At  two  o'clock 
the  next  morning  our  tents  were  struck,  and 
in  half  an  hour  we  were  on  the  road.  I  will 
candidl}^  confess  that  on  that  day  I  regretted 
being  a  soldier.  On  that  day  we  marched  30 
miles,  under  an  incessant  rain  ;  and  I  am  afraid 
you  will  doubt  my  veracitj*,  when  I  tell  j'ou, 
that  in  eight  miles  of  the  best  road,  it  took  us 
over  the  knees,  and  often  to  the  middle.  The 
Black  Swamp  (four  miles  from  Portage  River, 
and  four  miles  in  extent)  would  have  been 
considered  impassable  by  all  but  men  deter- 
mined to  surmount  every  difficulty  to  accom- 
plish the  object  of  their  march.  In  this  Swamp 
you  lose  sight  of  terra  firma  altogether.  The 
water  was  about  six  inches  deep  on  the  ice, 
which  was  very  rotten,  often  breaking  through 
to  the  depth  of  four  or  five  feet.  Tlie  same 
night  we  encamped  on  very  wet  ground,  but 
the  driest  that  could  be  found,  the  rain  still 
continuing.  It  was  with  difficulty  we  could 
raise  fires.  We  had  no  tents;  our  clothes  were 
wet;  no  axes;  nothing  to  cook  in,  and  very 
little  to  eat.  A  brigade  of  pack-horses  being 
near  us,  we  procured  from  them  some  flour ; 
killed  a  hog  (there  being  a  plenty  of  them 
along  the  road).  Our  bread  was  baked  in  the 
ashes,  and  the  pork  wo  broiled  on  the  coals. 
A  sweeter  meal  I  never  partook  of.  When  we 
went  to  sleep,  it  was  on  two  logs  laid  close  to 
each  other,  to  keep  our  bodies  from  the  damji 
ground.  Good  God  !  what  a  pliant  being  is 
man  in  adversity  !  The  loftiest  spirit  that  ever 
inhabited  the  human  breast,  would  have  been 
tamed  amid  the  difficulties  that  surrounded  us. 
The  next  morning  we  arrived  at  Portage  River 
(the  headquarters  of  the  North  .vestern  Army)." 
The  writer  says  of  the  view  obtained  from  Fort 
Meigs:  "Along  this  river  is  the  handsomest 
country  I  ever  saw.     There  had  been  several 


k 


58 


nrsroRV  of  toledo  and  lucas  county. 


fine  phiiitations  in  the  vicinity,  but  all  is  now 
a  scene  of  desolation.  After  Hull's  surrender, 
the  whole  country  was  laid  waste  by  the  In- 
dians. Every  half-mile  had  been  a  house.  The 
only  indications  of  habitations  that  now  re- 
main, are  the  ruins  that  cover  the  grounds 
where  tiiey  once  stood."  lie  wrote  of  a  march 
after  British  troops  to  within  five  miles  of 
Kiver  Raisin,  and  return,  a  disianco  of  60  miles, 
made  in  21  hours,  with  but  two  hours  of  sleep. 


About  this  time,  Proctor's  forces  again 
gathered  about  Fort  Meigs,  remaining  there 
for  a  week,  their  object  seeming  to  be  the 
diversion  of  Harrison's  attention  from  Erie, 
and  giving  employment  to  the  immense  bands 
of  Indians  gathered  at  Maiden,  rather  than  any 
active  work  against  the  Fort.  Proctor  then 
moved  toward  Sandusky.  Harrison's  principal 
stores  were  at  that  point,  while  he  was  at  Fort 
Seneca,  on  the  Sandusky  River,  and  about  10 
miles  South  of  Lower  Sandusky.  Major  George 
Croghan  was  at  Fort  Ste])henson,  Lower  San- 
dusky (Fremont).  This  post  was  regarded  as 
indefensible  from  heavy  cannon,  such  as  Proc- 
tor was  expected  to  bring,  and  Harrison  after 
a  council  of  war,  concluded  it  best,  as  a  matter 
of  prudence,  to  abandon  it,  and  July  3Lst  dis- 
patched an  order  to  Croghan,  accordingly;  but 
before  tliis  could  be  done,  the  enemy  appeared 
ascending  the  Sandusky  River  in  open  boats, 
and  soon  invested  the  Fort,  while  bands  of  In- 
dians ranged  through  the  woods,  ready  to  in- 
tercept Croghan's  men,  sliould  thev  leave  the 
Fort. 

The  garri.son  of  Fort  Stephenson  consisted 
of  150  men  onlj',  with  a  commander  just  past 
his  21st  year;  while  the  investing  force,  in- 
cluding Tecumseh's  Indians,  was  said  to  be 
3,300  strong.  Croghan  had  a  single  piece  of 
cannon,  to  the  six  of  the  enemy  (the  latter, 
fortunately,  not  being  heavy).  Proctor  de- 
manded a  surrender,  repeating  the  old  story 
of  the  danger  that  resistance  might  provoke 
his  Indian  allies  to  acts  of  savage  barbarity. 
To  all  this,  the  intrepid  Croghan  replied,  that 
when  Proctor  got  posse.ssion  of  the  Fort  there 
would  be  found  therein  no  men  to  massacre. 
Whereupon,  fire  was  opened  on  the  Northwest 
angle  of  the  Fort.  Apprehending  Proctor's 
design  to  be  to  effect  a  breach  and  enter  there, 
Croghan  strengthened  that  point  with  bags  of 
flour  and  sand  ;  while  under  cover  of  night,  he 


•so  located  his  six-jiounder  as  to  rake  the  angle, 
loading  his  piece  with  slugs,  when  he  awaited 
the  enemy's  approach.  Throughout  the  night 
of  August  1st,  and  until  the  evening  of  the  2d, 
the  fire  continued  on  the  angle  of  the  Fort.  At 
last,  assuming  that  the  requisite  breach  had 
been  effected,  and  under  cover  of  smoke  and 
gathering  darkness.  Proctor  directed  a  column 
of  350  men  to  advance.  When  within  20  paces 
of  the  walls,  they  were  seen  by  Croghan,  who 
at  once  ordered  a  fire  of  musketry  upon  them, 
but  with  little  effect,  the  advance  of  the  enemy 
not  being  stayed.  The  ditch  being  filled  with 
Proctor's  troops,  the  gun  was  suddenly  un- 
masked and  fired,  the  first  discharge  killing  27 
men.  This  seemed  to  be  decisive.  The  col- 
umn in  the  ditch  recoiled  and  withdrew.  The 
Fort  was  saved  without  the  lo.ss  of  a  single 
man.  The  next  morning  the  British  and  allies 
concluded  not  to  continue  their  movement  to- 
ward Harrison  at  Fort  Seneca,  but,  leaving 
guns,  stores  and  clothing,  and  some  wounded, 
withdrew,  abandoning  the  field.  A  British 
account  of  this  affair,  placed  Proctor's  force  at 
400  regular  and  300  Indians,  with  two  six-pound 
guns.  Their  loss  was  90  killed  at  the  Fort, 
about  100  men  being  lost  in  all. 

Few  military  events  of  the  West  have  com- 
manded more  attention,  than  has  this  brilliant 
defense  of  Fort  Stephenson.  This  fact  is  due, 
first,  to  the  real  merits  of  the  case ;  and  second, 
to  the  connection  subsequenti}-  given  it  with 
General  Harrison's  candidac\' for  President,  in 
1830  and  1840.  On  both  the.se  occasions,  de- 
termined and  persistent  effort  was  made  by 
that  gentleman's  political  opf)Ouents,  to  preju- 
dice voters  against  him,  by  charging  to  cow- 
ardice his  order  to  Croghan  for  the  evacuation 
of  Fort  Stephenson.  Suffice  it  here  to  state, 
that  neither  Jlajor  Croghan  nor  any  other 
officer  of  Harrison's  Army  for  one  moment 
countenanced  such  view;  but  one  and  all  full}' 
approved  the  course  taken  by  their  commander. 
In  fact,  Croghan  would  have  promptly  with- 
drawn his  force,  when  directed,  had  not  the 
presence  of  the  enemy  rendered  capture  cer- 
tain. By  fortuitous  circumstances  then  un- 
known to  iiiiii,  lie  was  enabled  to  make  a  defense 
for  which  he  had  not  reason  to  hope. 


The  brilliant  victory  at  Lower  Sandusky 
substantially  closed  the  military  movements 
in    Northwestern    Ohio,    and    attention    was 


THE  BATTLE  OF  LAKE  ERTE. 


59 


next  directed  toward  Brie  and  Perry's  prep- 
arations for  Naval  operations.  It  so  liap- 
pened,  tliat  that  commander,  on  the  very  day 
of  Croghan's  victory  (August  2d),  had  com- 
pleted the  equipment  of  his  tieet  at  Erie,  but, 
owing  to  a  lack  of  water,  he  did  not  cross  the 
bar  in  tlie  harbor  until  the  4th,  when  he  set 
sail  in  search  of  the  enemj-.  Not  finding  them, 
lie  returned  on  the  8tli  to  Erie,  to  take  in  rein- 
forcements. August  12th,  he  again  left,  and 
anchored  in  Sandusky  Bay  on  the  15th,  whence 
he  soon  departed  iu  quest  of  the  enem3\  Cruis- 
ing off  Maiden,  but  not  finding  the  object  of 
his  search,  he  retired  to  Put-iu  Bay.  His  fleet 
consisted  of  the  Brig  Lawrence  (the  flag  ship), 
of  20  guns;  the  Niagara,  of  20  ;  the  Caledonia, 
of  3;  the  Schooner  Ariel,  of  4;  the  SlooiJ 
Trippe,  and  Schooners  Tigress  and  Porcupine, 
of  1  gun  each — nine  vessels  with  54  guns  and 
two  swivels.  The  British  had  six  vessels,  but 
the)'  were  superior  in  size,  with  a  greater  num- 
ber of  guns. 

On  the  morning  of  the  memorable  10th  of 
September,  Commodore  Perry  discovered  the 
enemy  bearing  down  upon  him,  when  he  at 
once  made  preparation  for  the  conflict,  which 
was  accepted  on  both  sides  as  probably  deci- 
sive of  supremacy  on  the  Lake,  and  as  certain 
to  have  most  important  bearing  on  the  general 
contest.  The  rejiort  made  by  Perry  con- 
stitutes the  most  compact  and  interesting 
account  of  the  engagement  to  be  had.  It  is  as 
follows : 

United  States  Schooner  Ariel,  ) 
Put-in  Bay,  13th  Sept.,  181:!.  (" 

At  sunrise  on  the  morning  of  the  10th,  the  en- 
emy's vessels  were  discovered  from  Put-in  Bay,  where 
I  lay  at  anchor  with  the  Squadron  under  my  com- 
mand. 

We  got  under  way,  the  wind  light  S.  W.,  and 
stood  for  them.  At  10:00  A.  M.  tlic  wind  hauled  to 
S.  E.,  and  Ijrought  us  to  windward;  formed  the  line 
and  brought  up.  At  !■>  uunutes  before  Vi,  the  enemy 
commenced  firing.  At  live  minutes  before  12,  the 
action  commenced  ou  our  part.  Finding  their  fire 
very  destructive,  owing  to  their  long  guns,  and  it 
being  most  directed  to  the  Lawrence,  1  made  sail  and 
directed  the  other  vessels  to  follow,  for  the  jiurpose 
of  closing  with  the  enemy.  Every  Ijrace  and  ))0w 
being  .shot  away,  she  became  unmanageable,  notwith- 
standing the  great  exertions  of  the  sailing  master.  In 
this  situation  she  sustained  the  action  upwards  of  two 
hours,  within  canister-shot  distance,  until  every  gun 
was  rendered  useless,  and  a  greater  part  of  the  crew 
either  killed  or  wounded.  Finding  she  could  no 
longer  annoy  the  enemy,  I  left  her  in  charge  of  Lieu- 


tenant Yarnall,  who,  as  I  was  convinced,  from  the 
liravery  already  displayed  by  him,  would  do  what 
would  comport  with  the  honor  of  the  flag. 

At  lialf-past  two,  the  wind  springing  up,  Captain 
Elliott  was  enabled  to  bring  his  vessel,  the  Niagara, 
gallanth-  into  close  action.  I  immediately  went  on 
board  her,  when  he  anticipated  mj'  wish  by  volun- 
teering to  bring  the  Schooner,  which  had  been 
kept  astern  by  the  lightness  of  the  wind,  into  close 
action. 

It  was  with  unspeakable  jiain,  that  I  saw,  soon 
after  I  got  on  board  the  Niagara,  the  flag  of  the  ]>aw- 
rence  come  down,  although  I  was  perfectly  sensible 
that  slie  had  been  defended  to  the  last,  and  that  to 
have  continued  to  make  a  show  of  resistance,  would 
have  been  a  wanton  sacrifice  of  the  remaining  of  her 
brave  crew.  But  the  enemy  was  not  able  to  take 
possession  of  her,  and  circumstances  soon  permitted 
her  flag  to  be  hoisted. 

At  4.5  minutes  past  two,  the  signal  was  made  for 
close  action.  The  Niagara  being  very  little  injured, 
I  dcteruuned  to  pass  through  the  enemy's  line,  bore 
up  and  passed  ahead  of  their  tw'o  Ships  and  a  Brig, 
giving  a  raking  fire  to  them  from  the  starboard  guns, 
and  to  a  small  Schooner  and  Sloop,  from  the  larboard 
side,  at  half-pistol  shot  distance.  The  smaller  ves- 
sels at  this  time  having  got  within  grape  and  canister 
distance,  under  the  direction  of  Captain  Elliott,  antl 
keeping  up  a  well-directed  fire,  the  two  Ships,  a  Brig 
and  a  Schocmer  surrendered,  a  Schooner  and  Slooj) 
making  vain  attempt  to  escape. 

Those  officers  and  men,  who  were  immediately 
under  my  observation,  evinced  the  greatest  gallantry, 
and  I  have  no  doubt  that  all  others  conducted  them- 
selves as  became  Ameriean  Officers  and  Seamen. 

In  the  days  of  this  battle,  war  history  was 
largely  recorded  in  ballads.  This  was  specially 
true  of  events  appealing  to  the  popular  senti- 
ment. A  fair  sample  of  such  recoi'd  is  fur- 
nished in  the  following  production,  in  connec- 
tion with  the  Naval  engagement  of  September 
10th,  which  at  the  time  and  for  many  years 
thereaftci-  was  familiar  to  old  and  young: 

JAMES  BIRD. 

Sons  of  Plefisure,  listen  to  me ; 

And  ye  daughters  too  give  ear. 
You  a  sad  and  mournful  story 

As  was  ever  told  shall  hear. 
Hull,  you  know,  our  troops  snrreinlered, 

And  defenseless  left  the  West; 
Then  our  fleet  was  quick  assembled, 

The  invader  to  resist. 

'Mimg  the  troops  that  marched  to  Erie, 

Were  the  Kingstown  volunteers  : 
Captain  Thomas  then  commanded. 

To  protect  our  West  frontiers. 
Tender  were  the  scenes  of  parting: 

Mothers  wrung  their  hands  and  cried ; 
Maidens  wept  their  loves  in  secret: 

Fathers  strove  their  tears  to  hide. 


60 


lllSTonV  OF  TOI.KDO  AND  LVi'AS  COUNTY. 


But  there's  one  among  the  number, 

Tall  and  Kracefnl  ■"  his  mien; 
Firm  his  steji,  his  look  umliumted ; 

Ne'er  a  nobler  youth  was  seen, 
One  sweet  kiss  he  snatehed  from  Mary, 

Craved  his  mother's  prayers  once  more, 
Pressed  his  father's  hand  and  left  them 

For  Lake  Krie's  distivul  shore. 

Mary  tried  to  say  "Farewell,  .lames," 

Waved  her  iiand  but  nothing  spoke; 
"Farewell,  Bird,  may  Heaven  protect  you," 

From  the  rest  at  parting  broke. 
Soon  he  came  where  noble  Perry 

Had  assembled  all  his  tleet : 
There  the  gallant  Bird  enlisted, 

Hoping  soon  the  foe  to  meet. 

Where  is  Rird "'    The  battle  rages. 

Is  he  in  the  strife,  or  no? 
Now  the  cannons  roar  tremendous. 

Dare  he  boldly  meet  the  foe? 
\'es,  behold  him— see  !— with  Perry, 

In  the  self-same  ship  they  fight — 
Though  his  mess  mates  fall  around  him. 

Nothing  can  his  soul  aft'right. 

But  behold  a  ball  has  struck  him. 

See  the  crimson  current  flow ; 
"Leave  the  deck,"  exclaimed  brave  Perry; 

"No,"  cried  Bird.  "I  will  not  go. 
Here  on  deck  I'll  take  my  statiou, 

Ne'er  will  Bird  his  colors  fly, 
I'll  stand  by  you,  gallant  Captain, 

Till  we  conquer,  or  we  die." 

And  he  fought,  though  faint  and  bleeding. 

Till  our  stars  and  stripes  arose. 
Victory  having  crowned  our  efforts, 

All  triumphant  o'er  our  foes. 
But  did  Bird  receive  a  pension? 

Was  he  to  his  home  restored? 
No,  nor  ever  to  his  bosom 

Clasped  the  maid  his  heart  adored. 

But  there  came  most  dismal  tidings 

From  Lake  Erie's  distant  shore; 
Better,  far,  poor  Bird  had  perished 

'Midst  the  battle's  awful  roar. 
"  Dearest  Parents,"  read  the  letter, 

"This  will  bring  sad  news  to  you. 
Do  not  mourn,  my  best  beloved. 

Though  this  brings  my  last  adieu. 

"  Brothers,  sisters,  read  this  letter, 

'Tis  the  last  you'll  have  from  me  ; 
I  must  suffer  for  deserting 

From  the  brig  Niagara." 
Though  he  fought  so  brave  at  Erie, 

Freely  bled,  and  nobly  dared— 
Let  his  courage  plead  for  mercy, 

Let  his  noble  life  be  spared. 

Sad  and  gloomy  was  the  morning. 

Bird  was  ordered  out  to  die  ; 
Where's  the  breast  so  dead  to  pity 

But  for  him  must  heave  a  sigh? 
See  him  march,  and  hear  his  fetters, 

Harsh  they  clank  upon  the  ear; 
Yet  his  step  is  lirm  and  manly. 

For  his  breast  ne'er  harbored  fear. 

See!  he  kneels  upon  his  coffin- 
Sure  his  death  can  do  no  good. 

Save  him  !-IIark,  O  God  !    they've  shot  him  ! 
Now  his  bosom  streams  with  blood. 

Farewell,  Bird  !  farewell,  forever  ; 
Friends  and  home  he'll  see  no  more; 

For  bis  mangled  corpse  lies  buried 
On  Lake  Erie's  distant  shore. 


Jame.s  Bird  -was  born  in  Lucerne  County, 
Penn.,  and  was  a  young  man  when  tlie  war 
commenced.  He  early  enlisted  in  the  Arm}', 
joining  a  Company  raised  by  Henry  Bucking- 
ham, whose  son  Henr}-  was  a  pioneer  Merchant 
at  Norwalk,  Ohio,  and  whose  grandson  Henry 
now  (1887)  resides  at  Lawrence,  Kansas. 
At  the  Battle  of  Lake  Erie,  Captain  Thomas 
was  his  commander.  Bird  was  employed  by 
Captain  Buckingham  in  his  mill  at  Kingston, 
and  "  Mary,"  spoken  of  in  the  song,  was  a 
member  of  the  Captain's  family.  The  two 
were  recognized  as  lovers,  and  parted  as  such. 
The  "  Annals  of  Lucerne  County,"  written  by 
Stewart  Pearce,  has  this  mention  of  Bird's  case  : 

He  was  from  Pittston,  and  was  descended  from 
a  most  respectable  family.  He  was  a  man  of  great 
bodily  strength  and  activity,  and  was  full  of  patriotic 
devotion  to  the  cause  of  his  country,  but  unfortu- 
nately his  proud  spirit  boldly  rejected  many  of  the 
restraints  imiiosed  by  the  stern  rules  of  military  dis- 
cipline. He  fought  like  a  tiger  and  when  wounded 
refused  to  be  carried  below.  News  of  the  intended 
attack  of  the  enemy  on  New  Orleans  had  reached  the 
fleet  on  Lake  Erie,  and  Bird,  ambitious  to  be  in  the 
midst  of  the  smoke  and  fire  of  battle,  one  night,  when 
in  command  of  the  guard,  marched  away  with  sev- 
eral of  his  men  to  join  General  Jackson.  He  was 
pursued  and  arrested  at  Pittsburg,  from  which  place 
he  was  about  to  embark  with  a  companj'  of  volunteers 
for  the  Crescent  City.  Being  arraigned  before  and 
tried  by  a  Court  Martial,  he  was  sentenced,  in  accor- 
dance with  the  rules  of  war,  to  be  shot.  Had  Com- 
modore Perry  received  intelligence  of  the  proceedings 
in  time,  Bird's  life  would  have  been  spared. 

Bird's  remains  probably  now  rest  with  those 
of  his  comrades  on  Gibraltar  Island,  Put-in  Bay, 
and  said  to  be  under  a  large  willow  tree  front- 
ing the  Bay,  enclosed  by  a  chain  fence.  The 
ballad,  according  to  the  best  information  at 
hand,  was  written  by  Charles  Miner,  who  pub- 
lished the  Gleaner,  at  Wilkesbarre,  Penn.,  from 
1801  to  1818,  and  afterwards  was  a  member  of 
Congress  from  that  State. 

Harrison's  Army  had  been  j^atiently,  j^et 
anxiously  waiting  the  outcome  of  Naval 
operations;  meantime  receiving  reinforce- 
ments and  organizing,  with  reference  to 
following  up  Perry's  signal  success,  by  an  ad- 
vance upon  Canada.  September  27th,  Harri- 
son set  sail,  and  .soon  reached  Maiden,  from 
which  Proctor  had  retreated  to  Sandwich,  on 
his  way,  as  rajiidly  as  possible,  for  a  safe  point 
in  the  interior,  via  the  Thames  River.  Harri- 
son reached  Sandwich  on  the  29th,  and  on  the 


THE  BATTLE  OF   THE   THAMES. 


same  day  McArthixr  took  possession  of  Detroit 
and  Micliigan.  October  2d,  the  Americans 
began  their  pursuit  of  the  retreating  British 
force,  which  was  overtaken  on  the  5th.  Find- 
ing an  engagement  unavoidable,  Proctor  was 
led  to  post  his  Army,  its  left  wing  resting  on 
the  Thames,  while  the  right  was  defended  by 
a  marsh.  Without  here  going  into  details  of 
the  engagement,  it  will  suffice  to  state,  that 
Harrison's  troops  consisted  of  about  120  Jiegu- 
lars  of  the  27th  Hegiment ;  five  Brigades  of 
Kentuck}'  Militia  Infantrj-,  averaging  less  than 
500  men,  under  Governor  Isaac  Shelby,  of 
that  State  ;  and  Colonel  Richard  M.  Johnson's 
Regiment  of  Mounted  Infantry;  making  in  all 
about  3,0(10  men.  The  force  of  the  British  is 
not  definitely  stated,  but  it  was  supposed  to  be 
something  less  than  that  of  Harrison's,  consti- 
tuted of  British  and  Indians.  The  battle  was 
of  short  duration.  The  enemy  being  seriously 
demoralized,  they  fought  chiefly  on  the  defen- 
sive, and  retreated  as  fast  as  the  way  therefor 
opened.  The  most  notable  incident  of  the  en- 
gagement, was  the  killing  of  the  renowned 
Indian  leader,  Tecumseh,  at  the  hands,  as  since 
pretty  well  determined,  of  Colonel  Johnson  of 
Kentucky,  subsequently  (1837-41)  Vice  Pres- 
ident of  the  United  States.  This  fact  was  for 
a  time  in  dispute;  iiut  it  finally  became  the 
generally  accepted  belief,  that  the  credit  of 
Tecumseh's  death  is  due  to  Colonel  Johnson.* 

*  Johnson  was  severely  wounded  during  the  en- 
gagement, and  was  borne  from  the  field  b}'  Captain 
James  Knaggs,  of  Monroe,  and  Menard  Labadie.  In 
18.5:5,  wJien  the  act  of  killing  Tecumseh  was  j-et  in 
dis])ute,  Captain  Knaggs,  in  an  aftidavit,  made  the 
fiillowing  statement : 

"  I  was  attached  to  a  Company  of  mounted  men, 
called  Rangers,  at  the  battle  of  the  Thames,  in  1813. 
During  the  battle,  we  charged  into  the  swamp,  where 
several  of  our  horses  mired  dow'n,  and  an  order  was 
given  to  retire  to  the  hard  ground  in  our  rear,  which 
we  did.  The  Indians  in  front,  helieving  that  we 
wen'  retreating,  immediatel}-  advanced  upon  us, 
with  Tecum.seh  at  their  head.  I  distinctly  heard  his 
voire,  with  which  I  was  perfectly  familiar.  He 
yelled  like  a  tiger,  and  urged  on  his  braves  to  the 
attack.  We  were  tlien  but  a  few  yards  ajiart.  We 
halted  on  tlie  hard  gnjund,  and  continued  our  fire. 
After  a  few  minutes  of  very  severe  fighting,  I  discov- 
ered Colonel  Johnson  lying  near,  on  the  ground, 
with  one  leg  confined  by  the  body  of  his  white 
mare,  which  had  been  killed,  and  had  fallen  upon 
him.  My  friend  Menard  Labadie  was  with  me.  We 
went  up  to  the  Colonel,  with  whom  we  were  previ- 
ously aci|uainted,   and   fnund    him  badly   wounded. 


In  this  connection  the  testimony  of  as  intel- 
ligent and  well-informed  witness  to  the  true 
character  of  Tecutnseh,  as  was  General  Leslie 
Combs,  of  Kentucky,  will  not  be  out  of  place. 
In  a  letter  to  the  editor  of  the  Historical  Record, 
under  date  of  Lexington,  Ky.,  October,  1H71, 
that  gentleman  wrote  as  follows : 

You  ask  me  for  a  description  of  the  celebrated 
Indian  warrior,  Tecumseh,  from  my  personal  observa- 
tion. I  answer  that  I  never  saw  the  great  chief  but 
once,  and  then  under  rather  exciting  circumstances, 
but  I  have  a  vivid  recollection  of  him  from  his  api>ear- 
ance,  and  by  intercourse  with  his  personal  friends  I 
am  possessed  of  accurate  knowledge  of  his  character. 

1  was,  as  you  know,  one  of  the  prisoners  taken  at 
what  is  known  as  Dudley's  defeat  on  the  banks  of 
the  Maumee  River,  opposite  Fort  Meigs,  early  in 
May,  1813.  Tecumseh  had  fallen  upon  our  rear,  and 
we  were  compelled  to  surrender.  We  were  marched 
down  to  the  old  Fort  Miami  or  Maumee,  in  squads, 
where  a  terrible  scene  awaited  us.  The  Indians, 
fully  armed  with  guns,  war  clubs  and  tomahawks  — 
to  say  nothing  of  .scalping  knives,  had  formed  them- 
selves into  two  lines  in  front  of  the  gateway  between 
which  all  of  us  were  bound  to  pass.  Many  w^ere 
killed  or  wounded  in  running  the  gauntlet.  Shortly 
after  the  prisoners  had  entered,  the  Indians  rushed 
over  the  walls  and  again  surrounded  us,  and  raised 
the  war-whoop,  at  the  same  time  making  unmistak- 
able demonstrations  of  violence.  We  all  expected  to 
be  massacred,  and  the  small  British  guard  around  us 
were  utterly  unable  to  aflord  protection.   They  called 

lying  on  his  side,  with  one  of  his  pistols  in  his 
hand.  I  saw  Tecumseh  at  the  same  time,  lying  on 
his  face,  dead,  and  about  fifteen  or  twenty  feet  from 
the  Colonel.  He  was  stretched  at  full  length,  and 
was  shot  through  the  body,  I  think  near  the  heart. 
The  ball  went  out  through  his  hack.  He  held  his 
toniaha\vk  in  his  right  hand  (it  had  a  brass  pipe  on 
the  head  of  it),  his  arm  was  extended  as  if  striking, 
and  the  edge  of  the  tomahawk  was  stuck  in  the 
ground.  Tecumseh  was  dressed  in  red  speckled  leg- 
gings, and  a  fringed  hunting  shirt;  he  lay  stretched 
directly  towards  Colonel  Johnson.  When  we  went 
up  to  the  Colonel  we  offered  to  help  him.  He  rej^lied 
with  great  animation,  '  Knaggs,  let  me  lie  here,  and 
push  on  and  take  Proctor.'  However,  we  liberated 
him  from  Ins  dead  horse,  took  Ins  blanket  from  his 
saddle,  placed  him  in  it,  and  bore  him  oft'  the  field. 
I  had  known  Tecumseh  from  my  boyhood ;  we  were 
boys  together.  There  was  no  other  Indian  killed 
immediately  around  where  Colonel  Johnson  or  Te- 
cum.seh  lay,  although  there  were  many  near  the 
Creek,  a  few  rods  back  of  where  Tecumseh  fell. 

"  I  had  no  doubt  then,  and  have  none  now,  that 
Tecumseh  fell  by  the  hand  of  C(jlonel  Johnson." 

Captain  Knaggs  w'as  a  gentleman  much  esteemed 
at  Monroe,  and  was  an  active  and  valuable  friend  of 
the  American  cause  throughout  the  AVar. 


62 


msTonr  of  Toledo  and  lucas  county. 


loudly  for  General  Proctor  and  Colonel  Elliott  to 
come  to  our  relief.  At  this  critical  moment  Tecum- 
seh  came  rushing  in,  deeply  excited,  and  denounced 
the  murderers  of  jiri.foners  (is  cotmrrh.  Thus  our  lives 
were  spared  and  wo  were  sent  down  to  the  fleet  at 
the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek  (now  Toledo),  and  from 
that  place  across  the  en<l  of  the  Lake  to  Huron  and 
paroled. 

1  sliall  never  forget  the  noble  countenance,  gallant 
bearing  and  sonorous  voice  of  that  remarkable  man, 
while  addressiuf;  his  warriors  in  our  behalf.  He  was 
then  between  forty  and  forty-five  years  of  age.  His 
frame  was  vigorous  and  robust,  but  he  was  not  fat, 
weighing  about  one  hundred  and  seventy  pounds. 
Five  feet  10  inches  was  his  height;  he  had  a  high 
projecting  forehead,  and  broad,  open  countenance  ; 
and  there  was  something  noble  and  commamling  in 
all  his  actions.  He  was  brave,  humane  and  gener- 
ous, and  never  allowed  a  prisoner  to  be  massacred  if 
he  could  prevent  it.  At  Fort  Miami  he  saved  the 
lives  of  all  of  us  who  had  survived  running  the 
gaimtlet.  He  afterwards  released  seven  Shawanese 
belonging  to  my  command,  and  sent  them  home  on 
parole.  Tecumseh  was  a  Shawanese.  His  name 
signified  in  their  language.  Shooting  Star.  At  the 
time  when  I  saw  him  he  held,  the  commission  of  a 
Brigadier  General  in  the  British  Army.  I  am  satis- 
fied that  he  deserved  all  that  was  said  of  him  by 
General  Cass  and  Governor  Harrison,  previous  to 
his  death. 

The  battle  of  tlie  Tliamos  substantially 
closed  hostilities  in  the  West.  Their  successive 
failures  at  Fort  Meigs,  at  Fort  Stephenson,  on 
the  Lake  and  at  the  Thames,  satisfied  the 
British  that  fnrther  attempts  in  this  section 
would  be  useless,  and  none  such  were  made. 
This  scries  of  important  victories  by  the  Amer- 
ican forces,  accomplished  all  that  skill  and 
heroism  could  do  toward  retrieving  the  loss  of 
position  and  honor  in  Hull's  surrender  and 
Winchester's  sad  defeat. 

The  purpose  here  has  been  simply  to  note 
the  more  important  events  of  the  War  occur- 
ring in  this  section,  and  tliose  having  a  local 
interest. 

The  following  is  a  succinct  statement  of 
events  following  the  victory  of  Commodore 
Perry : 

September  10th.— The  victory.  "  We  have 
met  the  enemy,  and  they  are  ours  !  "  Septem- 
ber 11th.— The  American  and  British  officers 
killed  in  the  action  of  the  Kith,  were  buried  at 
Put-in  Bay,  but  the  bodies  of  those  holding  no 
official  rank  in  the  fleet,  were  "in  the  deep 
bosom  of  Ocean  buried."  This  discrimination 
is  not  a  grateful  reminiscence.  September 
17th.— Governor  Shelby  of  Kentucky,  at  the 


head  of  4,000  mounted  volunteers  arrived  at 
the  month  of  Portage  Eiver  (Port  Clinton), 
flushed  with  exultation  at  the  events  of  the 
week  before,  and  destined  to  invade  Canada. 
"  What  shall  bo  done  with  the  horses?"  was 
the  first  question.  A  fence  was  thrown  from 
Sanduslcy  Baj^  to  the  nearest  jjoint  on  the 
Portage  River,  and  thus  enclosed  in  a  luxuriant 
pasture  of  10,000  acres,  the  5,000  horses  were 
left  to  range  under  guard  of  500  Kentucky 
volunteers.  September  20th. — General  McAr- 
thur's  Brigade  reached  the  mouth  of  the  Port- 
age, after  a  toilsome  march  from  Fort  Meigs — 
the  grass  often  so  high  and  dense,  that  one 
man  was  compelled  to  mount  upon  the  shoul- 
ders of  another,  to  determine  their  line  of 
march.  September  21st. — The  Army  of  Can- 
ada embarked  under  command  of  General  Wra. 
H.  Harri.son.  Put-in  Bay  was  their  first  stage, 
which  was  16  miles  from  Portage  River.  Com- 
modore Peri-y's  vessels  were  engaged  in  trans- 
])orting  baggage.  Great  enthusiasm  among  the 
troops.  Sc]itcmber  22d.  —  The  whole  Army 
gained  the  Island,  and  were  encamped  on  the 
margin  of  the  semi-circular  Bay  (South  Bass). 
The  St.  Ijawrence  and  the  six  prize-ships  were 
at  anchor  within  Put-in  Bay,  and  were  visited 
by  jiarties  from  the  shore.  September  23d. — 
Unfavorable  wind.s — the  Army  at  rest  at  Put- 
in Bay.  September  24th. — A  deserter  shot. 
He  had  deserted  three  times,  and  been  twice 
piardoned.  Two  platoons  fired  on  him  at  a 
distance  of  five  paces.  The  poor  fellow  fell, 
riddled  like  a  sieve.  September  2oth. — Reached 
East  Sister,  an  Island  of  only  three  acres,  with 
hardly  room  for  the  men  to  sit  down.  Sep- 
tember 26th. — Violent  storm — fears  of  inunda- 
tion. Canadian  shore  reconnoitered  by  General 
Harrison  and  Commodore  Perry.  September 
27th. — Sixteen  ships  of  war  and  100  boats, 
landed  in  Canada,  three  miles  below  Maiden. 
September  28th.  —  Marched  to  Aux  Canads. 
September  29th. — Marched  to  Sandwich.  Sep- 
tember 30th. — Joined  by  Colonel  E.  M.  John- 
son's regiment,  which  had  marched  fi-oni  Fort 
Meigs  to  Detroit,  and  thence  to  the  junction 
with  the  main  body.  October  6th. — Battle  of 
the  Thames — British  Army  routed — Tecumseh 
killed— the  War  in  the  Northwest  virtually 
ended. 

Following  is  a  statement  of  the  locations  and 
characters  of  the  several  Military  Stations  of 
the    United    States    in    JMorth western    Ohio, 


EARLY  FORTS. 


63 


I 


erected  previouK  to  and  during  the  War  of 
1812-15  ;  together  with  their  condition  in  1819, 
as  given  by  Col.  James  Kilbourne's  Gazetteer, 
of  that  date  : 

Fort  Amanda — some  20  miles  Northeast  from 
Fort  St.  Mary's — on  route  from  Loi-amie's  to 
Fort  Defiance. 

Fort  Brown — on  Auglaize  River,  about  20 
miles  South  of  Defiance. 

Fort  Defiance — an  important  Military  Forti- 
fication, situated  on  the  point  of  land  formed 
by  the  junction  of  Auglaize  with  Maumee 
River.  During  the  late  War  the  name  was 
partially  changed  to  that  of  Winchester;  but 
it  seems  now  very  ]n'operly  resuming  its  oi'ig- 
inal  a)i2Jcllation. 

Fort  Ferres — a  Station  so  called,  at  Upper 
Sandusky,  40  miles  South  or  up  the  River  from 
Fort  Stephenson. 

Fort  Finley — a  small  Post,  on  the  Military 
Road  from  Urbana  to  Fort  Meigs. 

Fort  Greenville — a  Military  Post,  erected 
during  the  early  settlement  of  the  territory 
now  the  State  of  Ohio.  Here  was  con- 
cluded the  celebrated  Indian  Treaty  in  the 
j'ear  17!)"),  commonly'  called  the  Trcatj'  of 
Greenville,  by  which  the  present  East  and 
West  l)oundary  line  between  the  Ohio  people 
and  the  Indians  was  established.  A  Village 
has  since  gradually  grown  up  in  its  vicinity, 
called  by  its  name,  which  is  the  seat  of  justice 
for  Darke  County. 

Fort  Jennings — a  minor  Post,  on  the  Auglaize 
Road,  18  miles  Southerly  from  Fort  Amanda, 
and  22  miles  from  Fort  Brown. 

Fort  Laramie — a  Post  so  called  from  a  trad- 
ing station  formerly  made  by  a  man  of  that 
name,  on  one  of  the  bead  waters  of  the  great 
Miami  River,  now  in  Shelby  County. 

Fort  Mc Arthur — a  small  Post,  24  miles  North- 
erly from  Urbuna  on  the  Road  thence  to  Fort 
Meigs. 

Fort  Manary — a  Block-house,  situated  near 
the  Indian  boundary  line,  North  of  Urbana,  on 
the  Military  route  to  Fort  Meigs. 

Fort  Meigs— n  noted  Military  Fortification, 
erecteil  in  the  Winter  of  1812-13,  on  the  South- 
eastern bank  of  tlie  Maumee  River,  at  the 
lower  Rapids  of  that  River,  a  few  miles  from 
its  mouth.  Distance,  Southerh'  from  Detroit, 
70  miles  and  Northwesterly  3G  miles  from  Fort 
Stephenson.  It  is  of  an  oblong  figure,  and  when 
first  completed  enclosed  an  area  of  11   acres. 


The  wall  consisted  of  palisades  14  feet  high, 
sunk  four  feet  into  the  ground,  with  embank- 
ments of  earth  on  each  side,  taken  from  a 
broad  ditch,  and  a  deep  exterior  moat.  At 
suitable  distances  are  regular  bastions,  mounted 
with  artillery.  This  Post  is  remarkable  for  a 
siege  which  it  sustained  from  the  British  and 
Indians,  in  April,  1813,  and  until  the  5th  of  May, 
following,  when  the  garrison,  together  with  a 
reinforcement  from  Kentucky,  made  a  gallant 
.sortie,  driving  their  enemy  in  every  direction, 
and  compelling  them  to  raise  the  siege.  Since 
the  siege,  it  has  been  considerably  reduced 
from  its  former  dimensions,  and  is  now  (181G) 
going  to  decay. 

Fort  Necessity — on  route  from  Urbana  to 
Fort  Meigs,  now  in  Hardin  Count}'. 

Fort  Portage — a  Block-house,  sometimes  de- 
nominated a  Fort,  on  Portage  or  Carrying 
River,  on  the  route  from  Fort  Finley  to  Foi't 
Meigs;  18  miles  from  the  latter,  and  2!)  from 
the  former. 

Fort  Seneca — a  Military  Post,  occupied  dur- 
ing the  late  War,  on  the  West  side  of  Sandusky 
River,  10  miles  South  of  Fort  Stephenson. 

Fort  Stephenson — an  important  Military  Post, 
on  the  Western  bank  of  Sandusky  River,  18 
miles  from  its  mouth  and  67  North  from  the 
Indian  boundary  [now  the  North  line  of  Union 
County].  It  stands  on  a  tract  of  land  ceded  by 
the  Indians  at  the  Greenville  Treaty  to  the 
United  States.  It  is  rendered  famous  by  the 
bravery  with  which  it  was  successfully  de- 
fended, b}'  an  inconsiderable  number  of  Ameri- 
can troops,  against  a  furious  assault  made  upon 
it  by  the  British,  with  vastly  sujjerior  numbers, 
in  July  [August],  1813.  This  j^lace,  together 
with  the  settlements  in  its  vicinity,  is  fre- 
quently, and  perhaps,  most  generallj',  called 
Lower  Sandusky,  it  being  situated  adjacent  to 
the  lower  Rapids  of  Sandusky  River. 

Fort  St.  Mary's  —  a  Military  Station  near 
the  source  of  St.  Mary's  River,  on  the  route 
from  Greenville  to  Fort  Defiance,  12  miles 
from  Loramie's  Station  and  12  from  Fort 
Amanda. 

Fort  Industry. — A  question  having  been 
raised  as  to  the  name  of  the  fortification  erected 
by  the  United  States  Government  at  the  mouth 
of  Swan  Creek  about  the  beginning  of  the  pres- 
ent century — whether  it  was  Fort  Industry  or 
Fort  Lawrence — the  writer  made  inquiry  of 
the    War   Department   as   to   the   fact,    when 


CA 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Aiijiitaiit  Genonil    L.    C.     Druniin    ix'iilied   as 
tbllow.s : 

A  stocka<le  Fort  was  erected  about  the  year  1800, 
near  the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek,  on  the  Mauinee  River, 
and,  as  near  as  can  Ije  iletermined,  upon  wliat  is  now 
Summit  .Street,  in  the  City  of  Toledo,  to  which  was 
given  the  name  of  Fort  Industry.  It  was  at  tliis  Fort 
that  a  treaty  was  held  with  the  Indians,  July  4th, 
:805,  by  which  the  Indian  title  to  the  Fire  Lands, 
[Huron  and  Erie  Counties]  was  extinguished,  and  at 
which  were  present  Mr.  Charles  Jouett,  United 
States  Commissioner,  and  Chiefs  of  Ottawa,  Chip- 
pewa, Pottawatomie,  Shawnee,  Muncieand  Delaware 
Imliau  tribes. 

This  oliice  has  no  record  of  a  Fort  Laurence  within 
the  limits  of  the  State  of  Ohio.  Fort  iaHrcH^— named 
in  honor  of  the  President  of  the  Continental  Congress 
—was  built  by  Gen.  Mcintosh,  in  1778,  on  the  West 
bank  of  the  Tuscarawas  River,  now  in  Tuscarawas 
County,  and  near  the  Town  of  Bolivar.  This  Fort  is 
by  some  writers  spelled  Lawrence,  but  improperly  so. 


In  June,  1870,  it  having  been  ascertained  by 
the  citizens  of  Perrysburg  and  Maumee  City, 
that  a  party  of  Veterans  of  the  War  of  1812, 
serving  in  the  Army  in  this  section,  propcsed  to 
make  a  visit  to  the  scenes  of  their  service  57 
j-ears  before  that  time,  preparations  were  at 
once  begun  for  a  reception  worthy  of  the  pro- 
posed visitors.  Meetings  of  citizens  of  both 
Towns  were  held,  and  steps  taken  which  re- 
sulted in  very  suitable  provision  for  an  occasion 
so  interesting  to  the  people  of  all  this  region. 

June  23d,  a  committee  of  citizens  of  the  two 
places,  with  Hon.  M.  E.  Waite,  at  Columbus 
Grove,  met  the  party,  who  came  in  a  special 
car  furnished  by  the  Dayton  &  Michigan  Rail- 
road, which  reached  Perrysburg  at  5  P.  m.  The 
f()i]o\ving  is  a  list  of  the  Veterans,  to  wit : 

Colonel  Charles  S.  Todd,  Aide  to  General  Harrison 
in  the  War  of  1812,  a  Minister  to  Russia  from 
1841  to  184t).  Lived  at  Owensboro,  Ky.,  and  was 
79  years  old. 

Major  Jere  Duncan,  Bourbon  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  78. 

General  E.  Pendleton,  Clark  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  81. 

Colonel  William  Hamilton,  Nicholas  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  78. 

A.  B.  Crawford,  Clark  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  80. 

Peter  Bonta,  Bourbon  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  78. 

W.  T.  Foster,  Grant  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  73. 

Francis  McLoer,  Fayette  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  8L 

Seward  Beall,  Clark  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  74. 

Nelson  Bush,  Clark  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  80. 

William  C.  Berry,  Clark  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  80. 

Thomas  Jones,  Bourbon  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  81. 

Elisha  Sturgeon,  Grant  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  84. 

Henry  Gailher,  Cincinnati,  0.,  aged  80. 

Sanford  Branham,  S(»tt  Ca>.,  Ky.,  aged  78. 


Thomas  Lindsey,  Fayette  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  81. 
William  C.  Keas,  Mt.  Sterling,  Ky.,  aged  75. 
Dr.  Alva  Curtis,  Cincinnati,  0.,  aged  73. 
Joseph  Quinn,  Grant  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  74. 
R.  P.  Menifee,  Kenton  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  81. 
George  Williams,  Grant  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  80. 
John  Jolley,  Campbell  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  82. 
T.  A.  Grimes,  Bourbon  Co.,  Ky.,  aged  73. 
William  B.  Davis,  McArthur,  0.,  aged  79. 
H.  W.  Davis,  McConnellsville,  O.,  aged  77. 
William  Shafler,  Middletown,  O.,  aged  87. 
Samuel  Bownell,  Middletown,  0.,  aged  74. 
Joseph  Baruett,  Middletown,  0.,  aged  70. 
David  McChessney,  Middletown,  O.,  aged  77. 
John  Stine,  Pendleton  Co.,  Ky..  aged  74. 
Samuel  Dewese,  Wood  Co.,  0.,  aged  78. 
David  Lamb,  Toledo,  0.,  aged  83. 
Michael  Morgan,  Wood  Co.,  0.,  aged  89. 
Peter  Navarre,  Toledo,  C,  aged  S.i. 
John  Moore,  Wood  Co.,  0.,  aged  75. 
J.  L.  Jolly,  Napoleon,  0.,  aged  80. 
David  Deal,  Fremont,  0.,  aged  86. 
John  Ross,  Wood  Co.,  0.,  aged  77. 
David  Johnson,  Wood  Co,  0.,  aged  83. 
Samuel  Kuder,  Wood  Co.,  0.,aged  81. 
John  Noel,  Wood  Co.,  O.,  aged  79. 
Horace  Thacher,  Toledo,  O.,  aged  09. 

The  Kentucky  Veterans  had  for  some  years 
held  annual  re-unions,  and  at  their  meeting,  at 
Paris,  in  that  State,  June  22d,  with  80  present, 
it  was  decided  that  as  many  as  could  undertake 
the  trip,  join  in  the  visit  to  the  Maumee,  when 
it  was  found  that  about  one-half  of  those 
present  joined  the  movement. 

On  the  morning  of  the  24th,  Mayor  William 
Kraus,  the  City  Council,  a  delegation  from  the 
Police  force  and  many  citizens  of  Toledo,  went 
to  Perrj'sburg  by  the  Steamer  Cora  Locke,  to 
participate  in  the  exercises.  At  that  place  a 
procession  was  formed,  which  marched  to  Fort 
Meigs,  where  the  Veterans  and  citizens  spent 
some  time  in  passing  around  the  premises,  the 
former  seeking  points  specially  reminding  them 
of  the  events  of  1813.  The  assemblage  was 
called  to  order  by  Mayor  J.  W.  Tylor  of  Perrys- 
burg. Rev.  George  A.  Adams  of  that  place 
offered  prayer;  and  the  Veterans  and  citizens 
were  entertained  by  Mayor  Tyler.  The  spokes- 
man of  tlio  old  soldiers  in  response  was  Colonel 
Todd.  He  said,  that  though  not  present  at  the 
time  of  the  siege  by  tlie  British  and  Indians, 
lie  yet  helped  to  build  the  Fort,  and  was  with 
General  Harrison  before  thesiege  and  through- 
out the  war  after  that  event.  Previous  to  that, 
he  bore  dispatches  from  Harrison  to  General 
Winchester.     He  was    Acting    (Quartermaster. 


\\ 


REUNIONS  OF   VETERANS  OF  !H12. 


65 


He  had  no  wagons  for  transpoi-tation  through 
the  Black  Swamp,  but  carried  provisions  and 
other  supplies  on  horseback.  In  the  winter 
the}-  might  have  used  sleds,  but  had  no  har- 
ness, except  what  he  constructed  of  green  hides, 
which  answered  while  it  remained  dry.  At 
times  the  horses  would  give  out,  when  the  men 
took  their  places  and  drew  the  loads,  some- 
times for  30  miles.  Colonel  Todd  referred  to 
the  battle  of  the  Thames,  and  stated  that  after 
the  capture  of  Genei-al  Proctor's  forces,  they 
found  the  General  was  missing;  when  he  (Col. 
T.)  and  Major  Wood,  with  a  Company  of  men, 
started  in  pursuit.  The  men  giving  out,  these 
two  officers  pushed  on  and  finally  overtook 
Proctor's  carriage,  but  found  its  occupant  had 
escaped  on  the  back  of  one  of  the  horses.  In 
the  carriage  they  found  all  of  Proctor's  papers, 
including  the  speech  of  Tecumseh,  the  great 
Indian  leader,  in  which  he  severely  rebuked 
his  British  associate  commanders  for  allowing 
the  Indians  to  murder  helpless  prisoners,  say- 
ing among  other  things:  "  I  conquer  to  save  ; 
but  you  to  murder."  Again,  he  said,  "  Father, 
listen  !  In  the  Eevolutionary  War,  we  tried  to 
assist  you ;  but  our  Great  Father  was  thrown 
on  his  back.  In  the  last  War  we  could  not 
think  of  defending  men  who  lived  like  ground- 
hogs." Colonel  Todd  regarded  the  War  of 
1812,  as  but  the  continuation  of  the  War  of  the 
Eevolution— the  British  made  peace;  but  their 
Indian  allies  did  not.  The  defeat  of  Dudley 
was  due  to  inconsiderate  valor.  General  Har- 
rison had  said,  the  misfortune  of  Kentuckians 
was,  that  "they  were  too  brave."  Colonel 
Todd  in  strong  terms  thanked  the  people  of 
the  Maumee  Valley  for  the  grand  reception 
given  the  Veterans,  concluding  with  the  words  : 
"We  thank  you,  and  thank  you,  and  thank 
you  I  "  At  the  conclusion  of  bis  remarks,  he 
exhibited  the  flag  which  was  carried  at  Fort 
Meigs,  and  which  bore  the  rents  made  in  it  by 
British  balls.  From  the  Fort,  the  Veterans 
crossed  the  River  to  Maumee  City,  where  prep- 
arations had  been  made  for  them.  A  dinner 
was  served  at  the  American  House,  after  which 
the  visitors  and  citizens  assembled  in  a  gi-ove, 
where  Mr.  George  W.  Reynolds  presided  ; 
prayer  was  offered  by  Rev.  Mr.  Swan  ;  and  an 
address  delivered  by  Rev.  Mr.  Richardson,  re- 
sponded to  by  Colonel  Todd.  Remarks  were 
made  by  Dr.  Gaither  of  Cincinnati,  Lieutenant- 
Governor  J.  C.  Lee  and  M.  R.  Waite,  the  latter 


stating  that  Mrs.  Harriet  O.  Hall,  daughter  of 
Major  William  Oliver,  one  of  Harrison's  trusted 
subordinates,  had  deputed  him  to  invite  her 
father's  comrades  to  accept  her  hosjiitality  at 
the  Oliver  House,  Toledo,  which  they  did,  Mrs. 
Hall  receiving  them  in  the  hotel  parlors,  and 
invited  them  to  a  dinner  prepared  for  them. 
Mr.  Menifee  was  at  Winchester's  defeat  on  the 
River  Raisin  ;  was  made  prisoner  and  as  such 
lay  in  the  water  at  night,  and  through  a  change 
of  weather,  his  clothes  were  fastened  by  ice  thus 
formed.  He  had  been  crippled  ever  since  by 
a  wound  then  received  at  River  Raisin.  Peter 
Navarre,  of  Toledo,  one  of  Harrison's  best 
scouts,  was  at  the  Oliver  House,  as  was  also 
Captain  David  Wilkison,  who,  though  not  a 
soldier  or  a  sailor,  in  1815  assisted  in  removing 
the  cannon  and  other  stores  from  Fort  Meigs 
to  Detroit. 

June  15,  1871,  19  survivors  of  the  River 
Raisin  Massacre  of  1812,  met  at  Monroe,  Mich., 
where  a  banquet  was  provided  for  them,  at 
which  Mayor  Redfield  presided,  and  General 
Custer  and  others  made  addresses.  The  names 
and  ages  of  the  Veterans  present  were  as  fol- 
lows:  Joseph  B.  JSTadeau,  77  years;  Peter 
Navarre,  82  ;  Robert  F.  Navarre,  80  ;  Joseph 
Guyer,  88 ;  George  Younglover,  77 ;  Bronson 
French,  82;  Francis  Lazane,  82;  David  Van 
Pelt,  89  ;  William  Walters,  88  ;  Joseph  Foulke, 
80;  Fred.  Bouroff,  100  years,  7  months;  Jean 
DeChovin,  77 ;  John  Clappen,  76 ;  Charles 
Hixon,  76  ;  Henry  Mason,  79  ;  Hall  DeLand, 
75 ;  Thomas  Whelpley,  73 ;  Louis  Jacobs,  96 ; 
John  Beseau,  80.  Peter  and  Robert  F.  Navarre 
continued  to  reside  in  this  section  until  their 
deaths.  Frank  Bouroff,  the  centenarian,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania,  1770.  The  united  ages 
of  the  group  were  1,158  years,  the  average  being 
nearly  90. 

July  4th,  1872,  was  celebrated  at  Monroe, 
Mich.,  the  chief  incident  of  the  occasion  being 
the  presence  of  117  Veterans  of  Harrison's 
Army,  serving  at  Fort  Meigs  and  elsewhere 
in  this  section,  during  the  war  of  1812.  A 
large  gathering  of  people  were  present.  General 
George  Spaulding  was  Marshal  of  the  day. 
Among  the  prominent  officials  and  civilians 
present,  were  Governor  Baldwin ;  Judges 
Christiancy,  Campbell,  Cooley,  and  Patchin, 
of  Michigan  ;  General  Leslie  Combs  of  Ken- 
tucky, General  G.  A.  Custer,  and  General  S. 
L.  Williams,  then  nearly  91  years  old,  himself 


m 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


a  \eicran.  Mayor  Keiltiold  presulod,  and  Hon. 
Warner  Wing  delivered  an  address.  General 
Custer  called  the  roll  of  Veterans  present  (each 
of  whom  an.swered  to  his  name),  as  follows : 
John  B.  McLean,  aged  77;  George  Younglover, 
79;  Brown  French,  83;  Joseph  Foulke,S3;  John 
Clapper,77  ;  Charles  Avon,  77  ;  Thomas  Whelp- 
ley,  97  ;  Louis  Jacobs,  9G  ;  Henry  Gaither, 
82;  Alvah  Curtis,  7G ;  John  Mulholland,  75  ; 
Francis  Santour,  76;  Simon  Van  Aiken,  82; 
'James  Vanderwalker,  82  ;  William  Hamilton, 
80 ;  Edward  Warring,  79 ;  Peter  Bants,  81 ; 
Alex.  Crawford,  81;  James  Peawick,  78 ;  Joseph 
C.  Barrett,  78 ;  Aaron  Eddelman,  81 ;  Eoger 
C^uinsberry,  79:  Michael  Goodright,  78;  Thos. 
Bolivar,  76  ;  J.  W.  Kolfuss,  77 ;  James  Y.  Love, 
74;  Eobert  S.  Goatney,  72;  J.  C.  Eeid,  75; 
John  Jameson,  79;  James  Carrey,  75;  Eobert 
Carrick,  77;  Thomas  Lindsley,  83;  James 
Clusin,  85;  Edward  Pendleton,  84;  James  E. 
Armstrong,  85 ;  Solomon  McVay,  76 ;  J.  C. 
Parker,  77;  A.  B.  Crawford,  82;  Leonard  Beall, 
75;  J.  K.  Goodwin,  80;  Joseph  Vance,  84; 
Isaac  C.  Eossenet,  79  ;  James  Kirke,  84 ;  Oliver 
Talbot,  79  ;  Moore  Johnson,  77  ;  William  Shaf- 
fer, 89  ;  Thomas  Mount,  68  ;  Larken  Webster, 
80;  John  Gebhart,  78;  Jesse  Holly,  82  ;  V.  B. 
Davis,  80;  B.  B.  Hudnut,  78;  Lewis  Ball,  70; 
Elisha  Williams,  80;  W.  E.  Locke,  79;  B.  J. 
Puller,  81 ;  J.  E.  Eogers,  80  ;  J.  C.  Craddock, 
84;  Samuel  L.  Williams,  91;  Judge  S.  Blan- 
cbard,  77;  E.  W.  Benson,  75;  Daniel  Helwig, 
82  ;  S.  J.  Armstrong,  84 ;  Thomas  B.  Davis, 
83 ;  W.  D.  Hixson,  91 ;  W,  Dayor,  82  ;  Andrew 
Burns,  72;  Francis  McLock,  78  ;  John  Martin, 
76i;  John  B.  Lafrige,  77;  Joseph  Gunn,  85; 
Frederick  Bouroff,  lOH;  Samuel  Dowese,  80; 
Louis  Souans,  88;  JSTap.  Navarre,  81;  Peter 
Navarre,  86  ;  Alex.  Navarre,  82  ;  Daniel  Van 
Pelt,  91 ;  Joseph  Besnett,  79 ;  John  Clappen, 
76;  Henry  Mason,  80;  James  Harvey,  80; 
John  Eaot,  78;  A.  C.  Couseign,  82;  Joseph 
Verkies,  82 ;  L.  Y.  Grant,  77 ;  A.  A.  Pasko,  78 ; 
Joseph  Ewalt,  87;  John  B.  Eessau,  81 ';  N. 
Moyer,  77;  W.  Walters,  78;  Shubal  Lewis,  70; 
Hall  DeLand,  76 ;  Eobert  McNeill,  77 ;  Lewis 
Beach,  79;  Benon  L.  Bortine,  79;  C.  H.  Mc- 
Nain,  84;  Joseph  Hall,  85;  Isaac  G.  Futzna, 
74;  Mathew  Gibson,  83;  Lewis  Jacobs,  97  ,' 
John  Boot,  78;  W.  Waters,  79;  Dr.  Curtis,  78^ 
Henr>  Davis,  82;  C.Hall,  71;  Simeon  Gan- 
arke,  82;  Jona  Sheam,  76;  Charles  McNain, 
85;  Andrew  Burns,  78;  Perry  Nedmore    82- 


George  Shapine,  84;  H.  M.  Davis,  79;  W.  B. 
Davis,  81.  The  oldest  in  the  list  was  Frederick 
Boroff,whose  age  was  101  years  and  six  months, 
having  been  born  six  years  before  the  declara- 
tion of  independence,  1776.  Edward  Willets 
read  the  declaration  of  independence.  Judge 
H.  V.  Campbell  delivered  an  oration  ;  a  dinner 
was  served  to  the  Veterans  and  pioneers  pres- 
ent ;  following  which  came  toasts  and  responses. 
Complete  amnesty  was  then  informally  de- 
clared for  all  "Toledo  Eebels  of  1835  against 
the  sovereignty  of  the  Territory  of  Michigan." 
Several  citizens  of  Toledo  were  present. 


As  successors  in  possession  of  the  soil,  it  is 
desirable  that  the  white  race  have  a  correct 
understanding  of  the  nature  and  true  character 
of  the  Eed  Man  whom  they  have  dispossessed. 
The  i^revailing  sentiment  now  is  that  of  depre- 
ciation and  contempt  for  those  who  not  many 
yeai'S  ago  held  this  entire  region  in  undisputed 
control  and  use.  Wherever  the  facts  of  the 
case  are  known,  however,  this  estimate  of  the 
aborigines  does  not  prevail.  The  main  ground 
for  it,  is  found  in  the  greatly  changed  habits 
and  character  of  these  people,  whicli  followed 
and  ai'e  attributable  to  their  association  with 
the  Whites.  It  is  the  testimony  of  nearly  all 
intelligent  persons  familiar  with  their  condi- 
tion on  the  advent  of  the  obtruding  race,  that 
they  bore  very  little  of  the  spirit  and  traits 
which  followed  such  advent.  It  is  a  most  sug- 
gestive fact  in  this  connection,  that  among  the 
first  steps  taken  in  their  work  by  the  Moravian 
Missionaries  at  Gnadenhutten,  Shoenbrun  and 
Salem,  in  Eastern  Ohio,  was  to  petition  tl>e 
Territorial  Legislature  to  prohibit  the  intro- 
duction of  intoxicating  liquors  among  the  peo- 
j)le  whom  thej'  had  come  to  civilize  and  chris- 
tianize. For  a  time,  this  plan  was  successful ; 
but  as  the  Whites  increased  in  numbers,  and 
the  Indians  in  resources,  the  law  became  inop- 
erative, and  the  result,  as  in  all  other  cases  of 
unrestrained  traffic  of  that  sort,  was  intemper- 
ance, idleness  and  debaucherj' ;  the  outcome — 
directly  traceable  to  that  one  cause — being  the 
loss  of  influence  by  the  Missionaries  over  the 
natives  and  the  abandonment  of  the  settlements 
and  of  ettbrts  for  their  improvement.  The  work 
of  demoralization  thus  begun  h\  the  heart- 
less cupidity  of  the  alleged  "superior  race," 
continued,  with  increasing  results,  as  long  as 
Indians  were  permitted  to  remain  on  the  soil 


I 


INDIAN  CHARACTER,  AND  INDIAN  WRONGS. 


07 


of  their  fathers.  When  the  degraded  remnants 
of  a  truly  "  noble  race  " — the  handiwork  of 
professed  Christian  civilization — finally  left  the 
scenes  of  their  ancestors,  the  contrast  of  their 
condition  with  that  of  their  fathers  on  the 
advent  of  the  Whites,  could  hardly  have  been 
more  marked.  Nothing  could  be  more  unjust, 
than  to  judge  of  the  Indians,  as  a  race,  by  the 
degraded  samples  produced  by  contact  with 
Europeans.  Much  better  might  the  latter,  as  a 
class,  be  judged  by  the  specimens  seen  hover- 
ing about  and  produced  by  tlie  dens  of  pollu- 
tion and  crime  which  infest  most  of  the  larger 
Cities  of  the  United  States.  These  wretched 
creatures,  like  the  debauched  Red  Men,  are  the 
work  of  alcoholic  ruin,  but  with  the  greater 
crime  of  better  knowledge  of  the  practice  which 
degraded  them.  Those  only  who  knew  the 
Indians  in  their  "best  estate" — untaught  and 
unpolished,  as  they  were — and  who  also  knew 
the  sad  remnants  of  the  race,  in  the  state  to 
which  association  with  the  Whites  bad  brought 
them,  can  appreciate  the  contrast  of  the  two 
conditions.  It  is  the  testimony  of  all  having 
knowledge  in  the  case,  that  the  Indians  at  first 
met  the  Whites  as  friends,  and  continued  to 
treat  them  as  such  until  encroachments  and 
the  evident  design  of  hostility  aroused  their 
suspicion  and  resentment,  which  feeling,  as  to 
those  in  the  Northwest,  was  materially  pro- 
moted by  British  traders  and  the  policy  of 
British  authorities.* 

In  his  "  Notes  on  the  Northwestern  Terri- 
tory," published  in  1847,  Judge  Jacob  Burnet, 
one  of  the  most  prominent  and  intelligent  of 
the  early  settlers  of  this  region,  who  was  active 
and  influential  in  its  affairs  for  many  years, 
having  been  a  leading  member  of  tiie  Terri- 
torial Legislature  and  subsequently  a  Senator 

*()n  this  point  Monett's  History  of  the  Mississippi 
Valley  has  the  following:  "At  length  it  was  per- 
ceived that  these  continued  aggressions  were 
prompted  and  instigated  by  British  traders  and  agents 
at  Detroit  and  on  the  Maumee.  The  fur  trade  in  the 
Northwestern  Territory  was  almost  wholly  controlled 
by  British  traders,  who  were  interested  in  checking 
the  advance  of  American  population  across  the  Ohio, 
which  would  sound  the  knell  of  approaching  dissolu- 
tion of  their  monopoly.  A  state  of  active  hostilities 
renewed  by  the  savages  might  yet  defer  for  many 
years  the  advance  of  the  white  settlements  north  of 
the  Ohio,  and  thus  prolong  the  monopoly  of  the  free 
trade.  Such  were  the  views  and  conclusions  of  the 
British  traders  and  agents  at  Detroit  and  other  points 
south  of  Lake  Erie." 


in  Congress — makes  the  following  reference  to 
the  Indians  of  the  Maumee  Valley  :  "  In  jour- 
neying more  recently  through  the  State,  the 
writer  has  occasionally  passed  over  the  ground 
on  which,  many  years  before,  he  had  seen  In- 
dian Towns  filled  with  that  devoted  race,  con- 
tented and  happy ;  but  he  could  not  perceive 
the  slightest  ti-ace  of  those  Villages,  or  of  the 
people  who  had  occupied  them.  All  settle- 
ments through  which  he  passed  on  the  Maumee 
and  the  Auglaize,  from  Fort  Wayne  to  Defi- 
ance, and  from  thence  to  the  foot  of  the  Eapids, 
had  been  bi-oken  up  and  deserted.  The  battle- 
ground of  General  Wayne,  which  he  had  often 
seen  in  the  rude  state  in  which  it  was  when  the 
action  of  1794  was  fought,  was  so  changed  in 
its  appeai-ance,  that  he  could  not  recognize  it, 
and  not  an  indication  remained  of  the  populous 
Indian  Villages  he  had  formerly  seen,  extend- 
ing many  miles  on  either  side  of  the  River. 
Flourishing  Towns  and  fields,  cultivated  by 
white  men,  covered  the  ground,  which  30  years 
before,  was  the  property  and  the  home  of  the 
natives  of  the  forest.  The  contrast  was  strik- 
ing, and  excited  a  train  of  unpleasant  recol- 
lections. It  was  a  natural  inquiry:  'Where 
are  the  multitudes  of  red  people,  who  were 
formerly  seen  here,  amusing  themselves  at  the 
Eajjids,  taking  the  swift  muskelunge  with  their 
bows  and  arrows?'  They  were  then  inde- 
pendent and  undisturbed  owners  of  the  countiy 
which  had  descended  to  them  through  a  long 
line  of  heroic  ancestors,  and  which  they  ex- 
pected their  children  would  continue  to  possess 
when  they  should  be  gone.  ***** 
The  final  catastrophe  of  that  noble  race,  was 
witnessed  by  the  peojile  of  Cincinnati  a  few 
years  since,  when  the  remnant  of  the  Wyan- 
dots — the  last  of  the  braves  of  the  Ohio 
tribes — '  reliqxdas  Danaum  atque  itnmitis  Ach- 
illei'— arrived  at  the  landing,  and  ascended 
the  steamships  that  were  to  convey  them  from 
the  places  of  their  nativity  into  hopeless  ban- 
ishment. To  the  eye  of  the  humane  observer, 
they  seemed  to  linger,  and  to  turn  to  the  North, 
as  if  to  bid  a  last  farewell  to  the  tombs  in  which 
they  had  deposited  the  remains  of  their  de- 
ceased children,  and  in  which  the  bones  of  their 
fathers  had  been  accumulating  and  mouldering 
for  untold  ages." 

Two  chief  subterfuges  are  employed  to  justify 
the  gross  abuse  to  which  that  unfortunate  race 
is  subjected,  (1)  that  they  are  by  nature  the 


6S 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


enemy  of  civilization ;  and  (2)  that  they  are 
incapable  of  such  degree  of  improvement,  in 
morals  or  habits,  as  would  warrant  eflfort  to 
that  end.  Both  those  assumptions  are  disproved 
by  well  established  facts,  which  show  that  both 
races  are  susceptible  to  the  same  influences 
for  good  or  for  evil,  and  that  under  like  con- 
ditions, each  may  be  made  better  or  made 
worse.  This  is  shown  in  the  fact,  that  iu  every 
known  case  iu  which  Whites  have  been 
taken  in  chihlhood  and  subjected  to  the  care 
and  habits  of  the  Indians,  tliey  have  in  after 
life  manifested  all  the  peculiarities  of  the  native 
Indian;  while  Indian  children,  separated  from 
their  own  race  and  trained  among  civilized 
people,  have  shown  the  moral  sense,  taste,  and 
habits  of  their  captors.  It  is  safe  to  say,  that 
the  American  Indians,  when  first  brought  in 
contact  with  the  Whites,  were  more  hopeful 
subjects  for  civilization  and  Christianity,  than 
were  the  natives  of  Britain,  when  efforts  for 
their  improvement  were  first  put  forth  by 
Saxon  invaders.  The  truth  is,  that  they  have 
never  been  treated  as  if  designed  for  anything 
better  than  plunder  and  extermination.  It  is 
a  fact,  most  potent  here,  that  throughout  the 
years  in  which  the  Government  made  no  claim 
either  of  ownership  or  occupancy  of  the  soil  in 
this  region,  there  was  little  trouble  with  them 
— no  Indian  wars,  whose  bloody  record  mainly 
now  give  character  to  that  race — but  all  was 
friendly  and  peaceful.  It  was  only  as,  step  by 
step,  the  advance  of  White  aggression  excited 
suspicion  and  aroused  resistance,  that  enmity 
toward  the  aggressor  was  manifested.  No  peo- 
ple capable  of  substantial  improvement  or  fitted 
for  usefulness,  would  have  done  less  for  beating 
back  their  avowed  enemy,  than  did  they.  Not  to 
have  resisted  such  aggression,  would  have 
shown  them  without  the  manhood  essential  to 
the  respect  of  the  world.  As  already  remarked, 
it  is  only  those  who  have  seen  that  race,  both 
in  their  original  state  and  after  years  of  contact 
with  the  Whites,  who  can  intelligently  judge 
them.  In  the  "  Conspiracy  of  Pontiac,"  Park- 
man  most  justly  says  of  the  treatment  to  which 
the  Indians  were  subjected  by  traders,  whom 
he  characterizes  as  "  ruffians  of  the  coarsest 
stamp":  "  They  cheated,  plundered,  and  cursed 
the  Indians  and  outraged  their  families,  ofi'er- 
ing,  when  compared  with  the  French,  who  were 
under  better  regulation,  a  most  unfavorable 
example  of  their  nation."     The    chief  agency 


employ-ed  in  giving  effect  to  such  brutal  policy, 
consisted  of  intoxicating  liquors,  often  in  their 
worse  possible  forms.  The  Indians  of  the 
Maumee  Valley  and  Michigan  were  subjected 
to  greater  wrong  in  this  respect,  in  consequence 
of  the  bitter  competition  for  their  trade  exist- 
ing for  many  years  between  the  French  and 
British  traders,  each  class  receiving  from  its 
home  Government  whatever  sujjj^ort  prom- 
ised to  aid  in  their  shameless  struggle  for  In- 
dian traffic.  The  inevitable  result  was  the 
rapid  and  extreme  demoralization  of  a  once 
comparatively  moral  people.  Some  idea  of  the 
extent  of  this  degradation,  may^  be  had  from  the 
statement  of  a  white  man,  adopted  into  an  In- 
dian tribe  when  young.  Of  a  particular  de- 
bauch, he  said  :  "  A  trader  came  to  the  Town 
with  French  brandy.  We  purchased  a  keg  of 
it  and  held  a  council  about  who  was  to  get 
drunk  and  who  was  to  keep  sober.  I  was  in- 
vited to  get  drunk,  but  I  refused  the  proposal. 
Then  they  told  me  I  must  be  one  of  those  who 
were  to  take  care  of  the  drunken  people.  I 
did  not  like  this,  but  of  the  two  evils  I  chose 
that  which  I  thought  was  the  least,  and  fell  in 
with  those  who  were  to  conceal  the  arms  and 
keep  every  dangerous  weapon  we  could  out  of 
their  way;  and  endeavor,  if  possible,  to  keep 
the  drinking  club  from  killing  each  other, 
which  was  a  very  hard  task.  Several  times 
we  hazarded  our  own  lives,  and  got  ourselves 
hurt,  in  preventing  them  from  slaying  each 
other." 

This  state  of  things  would  continue  as  long 
as  the  Indians  had  a  merchantable  skin  to  traf- 
fic for  liquor,  when  it  stopped,  and  the  de- 
graded Sons  of  the  Forest,  for  very  lack  of 
means  for  further  debauch,  were  compelled 
slowl}-  and  wretchedly  to  recover  from  the  sad 
condition  to  which  merciless  tradei's  had 
brought  them.  For  such  treatment  of  an  un- 
happy^ race,  there  was  no  relief.  Enactment 
of  laws  and  promulgation  of  orders,  however 
restrictive  in  terms,  were  ineffective  with  the 
remorseless  and  lawless  trader,  whose  crimes 
were  generally  committed  beyond  the  reach  of 
executive  power,  even  when,  in  exceptional 
cases,  there  was  a  will  to  employ  such  power 
in  defense  of  the  plundered  and  debauched  In- 
dians. It  is  entirely  safe  to  say,  that  no  Na- 
tion in  history — considering  all  the  conditions 
of  the  case — has  a  record  of  more  inexcusable 
wrong  toward  defenseless  subjects  of  its  power, 


INDIAN  CHARACTER  AND  INDIAN   WRONGS. 


69 


than  have  those  who  have  for  260  years  per- 
mitted the  rapacity  of  their  own  people  to  pur- 
i<ue,  with  every  form  of  demoralization  and 
wrong,  the  defenseless  Indians  of  the  Western 
Hemisphere.  This  is  strong  language,  but  it 
is  believed  to  be  just.  It  would  be  a  privilege, 
could  it  be  truthfully  said  that  such  long-con- 
tinued and  inexcusable  wrong  is  a  thing  of  the 
past  only.  While  in  a  great  degree  modified 
in  extent,  it  continues  to  blemish  the  otherwise 
fair  fame  of  the  American  people. 

The  Black  Hawk  War  (between  the  United 
States  and  the  Sac  and  Fox  Indians  of  Bock 
Kiver),  was  largely  due  to  the  sale  of  whiskey 
by  licensed  traders  to  those  Indians,  in  viola- 
tion of  law.  Black  Hawk,  with  other  Chiefs, 
remonstrated  against  such  traffic  with  their 
tribes,  and  appealed  to  the  Government  to  en- 
force its  prohibition.  This  they  did,  because 
of  the  debasing  effects  of  that  traffic  upon  the 
morals  of  those  people,  and  the  danger  of  pro- 
vocation of  aggression  upon  the  Whites  bj*  the 
Indians  while  in  a  state  of  intoxication.  A 
memorial  directed  to  Governor  Eeynolds,  in 
1S31,  bj'  the  white  settlers  on  Eock  Eiver,  upon 
which  paper,  that  officer  declared  the  State  of 
Illinois  to  be  hostilely  invaded  by  the  Sac  and 
Fox  Indians,  and  ordered  out  the  Militia  to  re- 
pel them,  was  based  largely  on  the  fact  that 
the  Indians  had  destroyed  a  barrel  of  whiskey 
which  the  owner  was  retailing  to  them  in  de- 
fiance of  the  laws  of  Congress.  Such  disregard 
of  regulations  intended  to  protect  the  morals 
of  the  Indians  and  preserve  peace,  was  habitu- 
ally winked  at  by  the  authorities,  and  thus 
was  influential  in  provoking  war.*  In  a  letter 
of  date  of  July  25th,  1832,  addressed  to  Gen- 
eral Joseph  M.  Steel,  Indian  Agent  at  Prairie  du 
Chien,  Henry  II.  Schoolcraft  protested  against 
the  practice  of  traders  licensed  by  General 
Steel,  who  sold  liquors  to  the  Indians  in  viola- 
tion of  la^^^  Mr.  Schoolcraft  said :  "  I  am 
fully  persuaded  that  ardent  spirits  are  not  nec- 
essary to  the  successful  prosecution  of  trade ; 
that  they  are  deeply  pernicious  to  the  Indians; 
and  that  both  their  use  and  abuse  is  derogatory 
to  the  character  of  a  wise  and  sober  Govern- 
ment. Their  exclusion,  in  every  shape  and 
every  quantity,  is  an  object  of  primary  impor- 
tance." An  agent  of  a  Temperance  Society,  in 
a  journal  of  a  tour  to  the  Upper  Mississippi, 


about  1847,  pictured  the  sad  results  of  the  liquor 
traffic  among  the  Winnebago  Indians,  neigh- 
bors of  the  Sacs  and  Foxes.  Twenty  years 
previous  to  such  visit,  at  which  time  the  settle- 
ment by  the  Whites  had  begun,  those  Indians 
raised  more  of  corn,  beans  and  other  vegetables 
than  were  required  for  their  consumption.  In 
1847,  they  had  become  wholly  dependent  on 
the  Whites  for  even  the  scanty  subsistence  by 
which  they  were  dragging  out  the  remnant  of 
a  miserable  existence.  "And  what  was  the 
cause  of  so  great  a  change  in  a  few  years  in 
the  habits  and  circumstances  of  a  whole  people  ? 
The  answer  is  plain  to  every  one  at  all  ac- 
quainted with  Indian  history.  It  is  the  avarice 
and  perfidy  of  the  Whites ;  and  Whiskey, 
Whiskey  has  been  the  all-potent  age7it  by 
which  it  has  been  effected.  By  selling  and 
giving  them  whiskey  till  they  become  drunk, 
they  were  soon  filched  of  the  little  annuities 
received  from  the  Government,  and  then,  for 
the  rest  of  the  year,  treated  like  so  many 
dogs."  * 

A  writer,  familiar  with  the  subject,  says : 
"  Humanity  shudders  at  the  recital  of  the  ne- 
farious acts  practiced  by  white  traders  upon 
the  Indians.  Yet,  not  half  of  them  are  known 
or  dreamed  of  by  the  American  people.  Some- 
times the  traders  were  found  taking,  by  force, 
from  an  Indian,  the  produce  of  a  year's  hunt, 
without  making  any  return,  sometimes  pilfer- 
ing a  portion  while  buying  the  remainder;  and 
still  oftener  wresting  from  the  poor  wretches, 
while  in  a  state  of  intoxication,  a  valuable 
property  for  an  inadequate  remuneration." 
The  case  is  given,  in  which  an  Indian  woman, 
in  the  course  of  a  single  day,  sold  120  Beaver 
skins,  with  a  large  quanty  of  Buffalo  robes, 
&c.,for  rum.  "  Of  a  large  load  of  peltries— the 
produce  of  so  many  days  of  toil,  so  many  long 
and  difficult  journeys— one  blanket  and  three 
kegs  of  rum  only  remained,  beside  the  poor 
and  almost  worn-out  clothes  on  their  bodies." 
Eev.  Timothy  Flint,  in  his  "  Indian  Wars  of 
the  West,"  says:  "We  affirm  an  undoubting 
belief,  from  no  unfrequent  nor  inconsiderable 
means  of  observation,  that  aggression  has 
commenced  in  the  account  current  of  mutual 
crime,  as  a  hundred  to  one  on  the  part  of  the 
Indians." 

At  the  head  of  Second  street.  Defiance,  and 


*"  The  Black  Hawk  War,"  by  Benjamin  Drake,  1848.  *St.  'Lo\As,Bullelin,  1847. 


70 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


on  the  bank  of  the  Auglaize  Eiver,  lie  buried 
the  remains  of  many  soldiers  of  the  American 
Army  of  1812-15.  Among  these  are  those  of 
the  Indian  Chief,  Logan*  He  was  not  the 
Mingo  Chief,  celebrated  in  earlier  history 
and  made  memorable  by  Jefferson,  but  a 
namesake  of  Benjamin  Logan,  from  whom 
Logan  County  derived  its  name.  In  the  Au- 
tumn of  178G,  General  Clarke  raised  a  force 
that  captured  Kaskaskia,  on  the  Mississippi, 
and  Vincennes,  on  the  Wabash.  General  Lo- 
gan was  then  detached  fi'om  General  Clarke's 
force  on  the  Falls  of  the  Ohio,  to  march  against 
the  Indian  towns  at  the  head  of  the  Mad 
River  and  the  Great  Miami.  The  first  en- 
counter he  had  with  the  Indians,  was  in  Clarke 
County,  on  the  Mad  River.  General  Lytle, 
then  a  boy  of  16,  was  one  of  the  party  in  the 
contest  that  captured  Moluntha,  the  great 
Chief  of  the  Shawanese,  and  Spemica  Laub, 
tlie  subject  of  this  notice.  The  latter  was  of 
the  age  of  Lytle.  General  Logan  took  the 
Indian  boy  to  Kentuckj-  and  adopted  him  in 
his  family  and  kept  him  for  several  years, 
when  he  returned  to  his  tribe.  Then  he  be- 
came known  by  the  name  of  Logan,  and  rose 
to  the  rank  of  Civil  Chief,  on  account  of  his 
intellectual  and  moral  qualities.  His  personal 
appearance  was  commanding,  he  being  six 
feet  high  and  weighing  2(t0  pounds.  He  con- 
tinued the  unwavering  friend  of  the  Whites. 
In  the  War  of  1812  he  was  with  General  Har- 
rison, who  directed  Logan  with  a  small  party 
to  reconnoiter  in  the  direction  of  the  head  of 
the  Rapids  of  the  Maumee.  The  party  con- 
sisted of  Logan,  Bright-Horn  and  Captain 
Johnny.  When  near  this  point,  they  were 
met  by  a  superior  force  of  the  enemy,  and 
compelled  to  retreat.  They  made  their  escape 
to  the  left  wing  of  the  Army  under  General 
Winchester,  then  in  a  picket  fort  on  the  bank 
of  the  Auglaize,  near  the  east  end  of  First 
street.  Defiance,  to  whom  they  related  their 
adventure.  Logan's  party,  while  here,  was 
accused  of  infidelity  to  our  cause  by  an  officer 
of  the  Kentiicky  troops.  Indignant  at  such 
charge,  Logan  called  on  Major  Oliver,  saying 
he  would  leave  the  Fort  in  the  morning,  and 
either  leave  his  body  bleaching  in  the  woods, 
or  return  with  such  trophies  from  the  enemy 
as  would  relieve  his  character  from  the  sus- 


picion  that  had  been  east  ujion  it.  On  the  22d 
of  November,  1812,  in  company  with  Bright- 
Horn  and  Captain  Johnny,  he  set  out  on  his 
perilous  adventure.  At  noon,  having  stopped 
to  rest,  they  were  surprised  by  the  approach 
of  seven  of  the  enemy,  among  whom  was 
young  Elliott,  a  half-breed,  and  the  celebrated 
Pottawatomie  Chief,  Winnemac.  Resistance 
against  such  odds  was  u.seless,  and  they  re- 
sorted to  strategy.  Logan  extended  his  hand 
to  Winnemac,  with  whom  he  was  acquainted, 
and  told  him  that  he  and  his  two  companions 
were  tired  of  American  service,  and  were  leav- 
ing Winchester's  Army  to  join  the  British. 
This  did  not  satisfy  Winnemac,  who  was  well 
versed  in  Indian  strategy.  Logan  and  his 
party  were  disarmed  and  marched  down  the 
river  under  guard.  The  British  troops  at  this 
time  were  at  the  head  of  the  Rapids,  which 
was  to  be  their  destination.  Logan  and  party 
were  so  much  at  ease  in  their  new  jwsition, 
that  Winnemac  became  so  satisfied  that  his 
story  was  ti'ue,  that  their  arms  were  restored 
before  evening.  Logan  then  resolved  to  at- 
tack the  enemy  on  the  first  favorable  opportu- 
nity, and  so  informed  Bright-Horn  and  Captain 
Johnny.  Their  guns  were  loaded,  and  they 
put  some  bullets  in  their  mouths  to  facilitate 
re-loading.  Logan,  fearing  detection  while 
doing  this,  remarked  to  an  Indian  by  his  side : 
"  Mo  chaw  heap  tobacco."  In  the  evening 
they  arrived  at  the  mouth  of  Turkeyfoot 
Creek  (now  in  Henry  County),  with  the  in- 
tention of  camping  for  the  night.  Winnemac's 
party  strolled  off  to  gather  black  haws,  a  wild 
berry.  Logan  now  gave  the  signal  for  attack, 
when  the  three  fired,  killing  two  and  wounding 
one,  who  required  a  second  shot,  leaving  the 
parties  four  to  throe.  They  treed,  and  for  a 
while  Logan's  party  were  safe.  One  of  the 
enemy  reached  a  position  that  uncovered 
Logan,  when  he  was  shot  through  the  body. 
Meanwhile,  two  more  of  the  enemy  were 
mortally  wounded,  when  the  remaining  two 
of  Winnemac's  party  fell  back.  Taking  ad- 
vantage of  this  state  of  things.  Captain  Johnny 
mounted  Logan,  now  suffering  from  a  mortal 
wound,  and  Bright-Horn,  also  wounded,  on 
the  enemy's  horses,  and  started  them  for  De- 
fiance. Captain  Johnny,  having  scalped  Win- 
nemac, followed  on  foot.  The  wounded  men 
arrived  at  Defiance  about  midnight,  and  Cap- 
tain Johnny  the  nest  morning.    This  desperate 


INDIAN  CHARACTER  AND  INDIAN   WRONGS. 


71 


conflict  resulted  in  the  death  of  Logan,  who, 
with  such  fearful  odds,  deliberately  dared  to 
vindicate  himself  against  a  false  charge  by  one 
high  in  Winchester's  Army.  The  case  caused 
a  deep  feeling  of  sympathy  and  admiration  for 
the  dying  Chief,  and  none  more  deeply  regret- 
ted his  sad  fixte,  than  did  the  officer  who  made 
the  charge.  Logan  lived  two  or  three  days 
after  reaching  Defiance.  He  suifered  great 
pain,  and  wliile  writhing  in  agony,  related  to 
his  friend.  Major  Wm.  Oliver,  the  particulars 
of  the  fight,  saying  that  he  prized  his  honor 
higher  than  his  life,  and  died  satisfied.  In 
the  course  of  this  interview  he  was  noticed  to 
smile,  and  being  questioned  as  to  the  cause, 
he  replied,  that  when  he  recalled  to  mind  the 
manner  in  which  Captain  Johnny  took  off  the 
scalp  of  Winnemae,  while  at  the  same  time 
watching  the  enemy,  he  could  not  refrain 
from  laughing.  He  was  buried  bj'  the  officers 
with  the  honors  of  war. 

General  John  B.  Hunt's  estimate  of  the 
character  of  the  great  Indian  Chief  Tecumseh, 
whose  name  is  so  intimately  allied  with  the 
history  of  this  region,  will  be  of  interest  here. 
He  says  of  that  noted  warrior  :  "  Tecumseh  was 
not  a  large  man,  but  strong  and  well  made. 
He  usually  dressed  very  plainly,  in  buclcskin 
Indian  costume,  for  a  long  time  wearing  three 
feathers  —  one  given  him  by  Mrs.  Proctor  and 
the  others  by  wives  of  other  British  officers. 
Tho.KC  were  plain  ostrich  plumes  —  rod,  white 
and  black,  respectively.  They  were  tied  to 
his  queue,  hanging  down  his  back.  He  was 
generally  armed  with  iiis  tomahawlc,  scaljjing- 
knife  and  pipe  in  his  belt,  with  his  rifle  on  his 
arm.  He  very  much  resembled  Otusso,  an 
Ottawa  War  Chief,  wiio  died  at  tiie  mouth  of 
the  JIaumee  River  before  those  Indians  were 
removed  to  the  West." 

What  is  known  as  the  "Brownstown  Treaty," 
was  made  at  Brownstown,  within  the  Territory 
of  Michigan,  and  was  concluded  November 
25,  1808.  Governor  William  Hull  of  Michi- 
gan Territorj',  represented  the  Government  on 
the  one  side,  while  the  Chippewa,  Ottawa, 
Pottawatomie,  Wyandot  and  Shawnee  Indians 
were  represented  b}'  sachems,  chiefs  and  war- 
riors of  their  respective  tribes.  The  chief 
object  of  this  treaty,  on  the  part  of  the  United 
States,  was  to  secure  the  right  to  locate  and 
construct  a  public  road  through  lands  of  the 
Indians,  which  was  obtained.      The  road  was 


subsequently  constructed  by  the  State  of  Ohio, 
and  is  known  as  the  Western  Reserve  and 
Maumee  Eoad.  The  route  of  the  same  was 
fixed  by  the  treaty  as  follows :  For  a  "  i-oad  of 
120  feet  in  width,  from  the  foot  of  the  Rapids 
of  the  River  Miami  of  Lake  Erie,  to  the  Western 
line  of  the  Connecticut  Reserve;"  and  "all 
lands  within  one  mile  of  the  road,  on  each  side> 
for  the  purpose  of  establishing  settlements 
along  the  same."  By  the  same  treaty  was 
granted  "  a  tract  of  land,  for  a  road  only,  of  120 
feet  in  width,  to  run  Southwardly  from  what 
is  called  Lower  Sandusky  (Fremont)  to  boun- 
dary line  established  by  the  ti'eaty  of  Green- 
ville." This  road  never  was  constructed, 
although  for  many  years  the  people  at  Lower 
Sandusk}^  urged  upon  the  State  the  execution 
of  the  project  contemplated  in  the  treaty  of 
Brownstown. 

Most  of  the  remnant  of  the  Ottawas  which 
remained  in  this  section  after  the  departure  of 
the  body  of  the  tribe  for  their  location  West 
of  the  Mississippi  in  1833,  took  their  departure 
August  31,  1837,  for  the  same  region.  They 
left  on  the  steamboat  "Commodore  Perry"  for 
Cleveland,  to  go  thence  by  Canal  to  Portsmouth, 
and  thence  by  the  Ohio  and  the  Mississippi. 
They  were  under  the  care  of  Colonel  John 
Mcllvaine  of  Columbus,  Superintendent,  with 
Captain  W.  E.  Cruger  of  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  as 
Assistant  and  Disbui-sing  Agent.  Messrs.  John 
Mack,  D.  H.  Forsyth  and  C.  Roby  of  Maumee 
City,  were  attached  to  the  expedition  —  the 
former  as  Commissar)',  and  the  others  as  in- 
terpreters. Several  in  the  tribe  yet  remained 
in  this  section,  not  being  willing  to  join  their 
fellows  in  the  removal.  They  numbered  about 
150,  the  Chief  Otteka  being  with  them.  The 
causes  leading  to  such  separation  of  this  frag- 
ment, are  indicated  by  notice  published  in 
Maumee,  August  19,  1837,  by  Superintendent 
Mcllvaine.  He  therein,  by  appeals  to  alleged 
creditors  of  members  of  the  tribe  not  to  ob- 
struct their  departure,  intimated  that  efforts 
would  be  made  to  do  that.  He  said :  "  They 
have  now  no  country  or  home  here.  May  the 
Removing  Agent  not  ask,  in  the  name  of  hu- 
manity,— in  the  name  of  justice — in  the  sacred 
name  of  mercy  — that  if  any  are  secretly 
working  to  discourage  the  emigration  of  these 
unfortunate  creatures,  they  will  pause  and 
consider  the  impropriety  of  their  course?" 
He  also  made   this   significant   appeal:     "In 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


conclusion,  it  is  requested,  that  IJiose  who 
iiavo  been  in  the  habit  of  selling  liquors  to 
these  Indians,  do  so  no  more;  as  it  will  be 
impossible  to  remove  the  dissipated,  if  it  be 
continued,  anil  they  must,  to  their  ruin  and  to 
the  aunoj-ance  of  good  citizens,  remain."  The 
remnant  still  remaining  continued  here  about 
two  years,  and  their  dejjarture  was  thus  stated 
by  the  Ohio  (Perrysburg)  Whig  of  July  30, 
1839:  "The  i-emaining  few  of  the  once  pow- 
erful tribe  of  Indians  (the  Ottawas),  who  have 
been  lingei-ing  about  this  section  for  the  past 
few  years,  dragging  out  a  miserable  and  pre- 
carious existence,  took  their  departure  for  the 
country  "West  of  the  Mississippi  Julj'  25th,  on 
board  the  Steamer  Commodore  Perry,  under 
the  superintendence  of  Judge  Forsyth  of  Mau- 
mee  City,  the  Indian  Agent.  Their  course 
was  directed  to  Cleveland,  and  thence  by 
Canal  to  the  Ohio  Eiver.  They  were  about 
100  in  number,  including  both  sexes.  They 
hated  to  go;  and  we  learn  that  it  was  with 
mnch  persuasion,  that  Judge  Forsyth  pre- 
vailed upon  them  for  their  removal." 

A  treaty  between  the  United  States  and 
Wyandot,  Ottawa,  Chijjpewa  and  Munsee, 
Delaware,  Shawnee  and  Pottawatomie  tribes 
of  Indians  was  held  at  Fort  Industry  (now 
within  Toledo),  July  4,  1805.  By  this  treaty, 
the  Indians  relinquished  their  title  to  all  lands 
in  Ohio  as  far  West  as  the  "Western  boundary 
of  the  Connecticut  "Western  Eeserve  (the 
"Western  line  of  Huron  County).  Included  in 
this  grant,  were  what  have  been  known  as  the 
"  Fire  Lands,"  embracing  all  of  present  Huron 
County,  and  nearly  the  whole  of  Brie  County. 
They  were  so  named,  because  they  had  been 
set  apart  by  the  State  of  Conuecticut  from  its 
"Western  Eeserve,  as  consideration  for  damages 
sustained  by  citizens  of  that  State  by  the  de- 
struction of  property  by  fire  at  the  hands  of 
the  British  during  the  Eevolutionary  "War. 
The  quantity  of  such  lauds  was  500,000  acres. 
November  7,  1807,  at  Detroit,  Governor 
"William  Hull  made  treaty  with  the  Ottawa, 
Chippewa,  "V\^'andot  and  Pottawatomie 
Indians,  whereby  lands  described  as  follows 
were  ceded  to  the  United  States :  Beginning 
at  the  mouth  of  the  Miami  Eiver  of  the  Lake's 
(the  Maumee),  and  running  up  the  middle 
thereof  to  the  mouth  of  the  Great  Au  Glaize 
Eiver;  thence  running  North  until  it  intersects 
a   parallel  of  latitude,  to  be  drawn  from   the 


outlet  of  Lake  Huron,  which  forms  the  Eiver 
St.  Clair;  thence  Northeast  in  a  direct  line  to 
"White  Eock,  in  Lake  Huron  ;  thence  due  East 
to  the  boundary  line  between  the  United  States 
and  Canada  in  said  Lake  ;  thence  Southerh-  on 
said  line  through  Eiver  and  Lake  St.  Clair  and 
Detroit  Eiver  into  Lake  Erie  to  a  point  due 
Bast  of  the  Maumee  Eiver;  and  thence  West, 
to  the  place  of  beginning.  The  ludiansreserved 
one  tract  of  land  six  miles  square  on  the 
Maumee  Eiver,  above  Eoche  de  Boeuf,  "  to  in- 
clude the  Tillage  where  Tondanie"  (the  Dog), 
then  lived,  being  a  short  distance  above  the 
present  site  of  the  Town  of  Waterville.  Also, 
was  reserved  to  them  a  tract  three  miles  square 
on  the  same  Eiver,  and  above  the  12  miles 
square  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  the  treaty 
of  Greenville.  The  Eeserve  referred  to  in- 
cluded what  is  known  as  Presque  Isle,  about 
half  way  between  Waterville  and  Maumee 
City.  Another  Eeserve,  Jour  miles  square,  on 
tiie  Maumee  Bay,  including  the  Village  where 
Meshkemau  and  Waugau  then  lived. 

In  1873,  a  variety  of  Indian  trinkets  were 
plowed  up,  as  the  Ten-Mile  Creek  road  was 
being  worked,  then  in  Manhattan  Township. 
Among  them  was  a  large  silver  cross,  found  in 
the  breast  of  an  Indian's  skeleton,  he  probably 
being  a  man  of  note  with  his  tribe,  and  that 
article  placed  there  as  a  special  mark  of  respect. 
The  cross  is  thirteen  and  one-half  inches  long 
and  eight  and  five-eighths  wide;  its  weight, 
eight  ounces,  pure  silver.  It  bore  on  a  smooth, 
polished  sui'face,  light  representations  of 
boughs  of  trees.  With  this  was  found  a  silver 
chain,  five  feet  long,  beai'ing  six  charms. 
There  was  a  double  cross — one  upright  and 
two  transverse  pieces,  the  latter  two  and  one- 
half  inches  in  length  ;  also  marked  with  light, 
small  circles.  Another  relic  was  a  silver 
wheel  or  circle,  with  small,  egg-shaped  figures, 
which  might  have  been  used  as  a  pin  and  for 
ornament.  There  were  six  small  and  one  larger 
silver  pendants — the  former  probablj-  designed 
for  the  ears  and  the  latter  for  the  nose.  Also, 
four  silver  brooches ;  a  silver  head-band,  one 
inch  wide  and  two  feet  long ;  and  a  silver 
bracelet,  about  two  and  one-half  inches  broad. 
There  were  beside  these,  a  stone  pipe  ;  a  scalp- 
ing-knife,  of  pure  steel ;  and  a  stone  image  of 
a  bird.  The  knife  was  found  sticking  down 
beside  an  Indian's  skull.  The  image  of  a  bird 
was  found  in  a  copper  vessel  or  bucket  about 


INDIAN  RELICS. 


73 


eight  inches  high  and  four  across.  It  is  of 
thick,  heavy  copper,  witli  cover  (of  copper) 
fitting  closely.  On  the  bottom  of  this  vessel 
is  the  inscription,  "J.  C.  D.,  1737,"  indicating 
it  to  be  150  years  old.  In  it  were  found  small 
images  similar  to  the  one  above  named,  and 
representing  fishes,  birds  and  Indians,  the  latter 
sometimes  on  horseback,  and  some  with  bows 
and  arrows  drawn  for  shooting.  These,  how- 
ever, ujjon  exposure  to  the  atmosphere,  soon 
crumbled  to  fine  dnst,  leaving  but  tlieone.  The 
skull,  apparently  of  an  Indian  Princess,  was 
found  witli  hair  in  good  state  of  preservation, 
coiled  on  the  top,  which  soon  crumbled  to  dust. 
The  presence  of  the  articles  of  oi-nament  in  the 
graves  of  Indians,  is  explained  bj'  the  impres- 
sion which  formerlj-  so  fully  obtained  with  that 
race,  that  death  is  but  a  transfer  from  one 
scene  of  material  existence  to  another,  but 
which  has  been  more  or  less  modified  by  asso- 
ciation with  the  Whites  and  the  teaching  of 
Christian  Missionaries.  The  first  thing  with 
them,  was  to  secure  a  safe  journey  to  the 
"  happy     hunting-ground,"     to     which     they 


believed  they  were  to  go.  With  this  is  the 
ambition  to  bear  to  the  new  scene  of  activity 
ornaments  and  marks  of  their  distinction  in 
this  life.  Another  common  thought  with  thein 
was,  that  their  position  in  the  next  existence 
would  depend  largely  on  the  number  of  enemies 
which  they  had  here  slain  in  battle,  while 
such  could  be  commanded  as  servants  to  hel]> 
them  on  their  journey  to  the  new  grounds.  At 
another  time  in  the  ncigiiborhood  of  the  same 
locality,  were  plowed  uj)  two  solid  silver 
crosses.  They  were  about  six  inches  in  length, 
and  covered  with  exquisite  designs  in  engrav- 
ing. One  of  them  was  marked,  "  E.  C.  Mon- 
treal," indicating  it  to  have  been  a  heraldic 
device,  connected  with  the  Jesuit  Missionary 
work.  With  the  crosses,  were  found  a  large 
number  of  human  bones,  several  cooking 
utensils  and  a  pair  of  silver  ear-rings.  It  so 
happened  that  the  finder  of  one  of  the  crosses, 
was  one  of  two  Chippewa  Indians,  who  had 
just  begun  work  on  the  road  then  being  re- 
paired. Their  excitement  at  such  discovery 
was  intense. 


CHAPTER    HI. 


niE    CANADIAN    "  PATKIOT        WAR. 


WHAT  was  known  as  the  "  Patriot"  insur- 
rection in  Canada,  beginning  in  1837,  and 
continuing  through  1838,  was  the  cause  of 
much  excitement  and  disturbance  along  this 
side  of  the  border  of  that  Province.  The  al- 
leged object  of  the  movement  on  the  other  side, 
■was  the  overthrow  of  British  rule  and  the  es- 
tablishment of  an  independent  Eepiiblican 
Government,  to  be  known  as  the  "  Eepublic  of 
Upper  Canada,"  with  the  design,  when  such 
should  be  successful,  of  extending  the  move- 
ment to  Lower  Canada.  The  enterprise,  while 
supported  by  a  few  Canadians,  more  or  le.ss 
sincere  in  their  professions  of  love  for  Free 
Government,  depended  chiefly  for  men  and 
means,  upon  co-opieration  from  this  side.  At 
no  lime  had  the  scheme  enough  of  home  sup- 
port to  last  30  days,  and  most  that  it  did  have 
was  due  to  exaggerated  ideas  of  what  was  to 
be  done  in  the  United  States. 

The  work  of  prejmration  occupied  most  of 
the  year  of  1837,  when  there  was  considerable 
agitation,  attended  bj^  some  collisions  in  Can- 
ada. Meantime,  the  work  of  the  "sympathi- 
zers "  progressed  on  this  side.  The  grossest 
exaggeration  was  employed  for  eilect  on  both 
sides  of  the  line.  Thus,  in  the  United  States 
rejiorts  were  rile  of  wondei'ful  ''popular  uji- 
risings'  all  over  Canada  ;  while  in  tliat  Prov- 
ince, equally  false  accounts  of  symiiathy 
and  assured  support  from  this  side  were  em- 
ployed to  bolstei'  the  movement.  "Whereas,  in 
fact,  there  was  in  neither  country  any  support 
to  justify  a  moment's  continuance  of  the  mad 
scheme. 

By  December,  1837,  such  forces  as  the  leaders 
had  been  able  to  raise,  were  gathered  along  the 
line,  with  the  purpose  of  a  "combined  move- 
ment" of  .some  sort.  The  recruits  Irom  this 
side  consisted  mainly  of  the  idle  and  thriftless, 
which  clas.-ics  had  been  swollen  in  numbers  by 
the  .serious  financial  collapse  and  business  sus- 
pension of  that  year.  An  idea  of  the  sort  of 
material  that  made  up  the  body  of  the  "Patriot" 
recruits,  may  be  had,  when  it  is  stated,  that 
the  distribution   of   "rations"   to  a   squad   of 


these  at  Norwalk,  while  on  their  way  from 
Akron  to  "  the  front,"  consisted  of  one  man 
iiassing  along  the  rank  with  a  basket  of  crack- 
ers, followed  by  another  with  a  pail  from  which 
was  delivered  to  each  "soldier"  a  small  cup  of 
whiskey.  Poultry  and  young  pigs  were  in 
constant  pei-il  on  the  line  of  march,  while  deal- 
ers in  clothing,  boots,  shoes,  etc.,  often  had  all 
they  could  do  to  maintain  and  enforce  their 
idea.s  of  right  to  property  so  much  coveted  bj- 
the  "Patriots"  passing  through,  who  could 
not  understand  why  those  who  stayed  at  home, 
should  not  contribute  more  liberally  to  the  aid 
of  those  who  went  to  the  "  battlefields  of  Free- 
dom." 

The  two  ends  of  Lake  Erie  were  the  scenes 
of  the  main  movements  of  the  "  Patriots."  In 
December  they  took  possession  of  Navy  Island 
(belonging  to  Canada),  in  Niagara  Elver,  and 
from  there  issued  a  jiroclamation  gravely  an- 
nouncing that  the  "  Provisional  Government 
of  the  Pcpublic  of  Upper  Canada"  was  estab- 
tablished — that  a  reward  of  £500  was  offered 
for  the  apprehension  of  Sir  Francis  Bond  Head, 
then  Governor  of  Canada — that  300  acres  of 
Her  ^fajestj-'s  lands  would  be  (reel\-  bestowed 
by  the  Provisional  Government  upon  every 
volunteer  who  should  join  the  revolutionary 
forces — adding  that  "  ten  millions  of  those 
lands,  fair  and  fertile,  would  speedily  be  at 
their  disposal,  with  the  other  vast  resources  of 
a  country  more  extensive  and  rich  in  natural 
treasui'es  than  the  United  Kingdom  or  old 
France." 

For  purposes  of  communication  with  the 
American  shore,  the  "Patriots"  emploj'cd  a 
small  steamboat,  the  "  Caroline,"  of  which 
Captain  "  Gil."  Applebj-  (a  well-known  Lake 
navigatoi")  had  command.  This  craft  proved 
very  useful,  and  this  so  far  aggravated  the 
British  autliorities,  that  on  the  night  of  the 
29th  of  December,  a  British  force  sent  for  the 
purpose,  burned  the  Steamer,  while  lying  at 
Schlosser,  on  this  side  of  the  river.  This  action 
was  a  god-send  never  more  needed  by  the  fail- 
ing fortunes  of  the  new-born  •'  Republic,"    in 


[74] 


THE  CANADIAN  "PATRIOT"    WAR. 


75 


inflaming  the  American  people,  and  arousing 
our  Government  in  protest  against  such  unwar- 
ranted violation  of  our  territorial  rights.  The 
question  at  one  time  threatened  the  peace  of 
the  two  countries. 

The  Eastern  campaign  of  the  "  Patriots " 
collapsed  with  the  loss  of  the  Caroline,  and 
operations  were  transferred  to  the  West.  In 
Februaiy,  1838,  the  Volunteers  from  this  side 
made  a  movement  from  Sandusk}-,  crossing  on 
the  ice  to  Point  au  Pellee  Island,  where  they 
landed  on  the  25th  of  that  month,  and  took 
possession.  The  Island  was  the  property  of  a 
Mr.  McCormic,  and  had  been  deserted.  It  was 
well  stocked  with  provisions,  cattle,  hogs  and 
poultry — which,  as  reported,  proved  a  very 
acceptable  prize  with  the  "  Patriots."  An  ox- 
mill  and  a  supply  of  corn  also  were  found.  On 
the  od  of  ^March,  the  scene  was  changed  by  the 
arrival  of  Hi-itish  troops,  wdien  was  fought  the 
"  Battle  of  Point  au  Pellee."  The  engagement 
took  place  on  the  ice.  Col.  Edwin  D.  Bradley, 
now  (1887)  of  Stryker,  AVilliams  County,  Ohio, 
was  in  command  of  the  "  Patriot"  forces  ;  and 
since  the  Point  au  Pellee  locality  is  now 
attracting  new  attention  from  Ohio  people 
through  its  piscatorial  advantages,  the  more  in- 
terest will  bo  felt  in  Colonel  Bradlej's  report 
of  that  engagement,*  which  action  at  the  time 

'OFFICIAL  REPORT  OF  COLONEL  BRADLEY. 

To  Brigadier- General  McLeod,  Commanding  Western 
Division  of  Patriot  Service  of  the  Rtpnblic  of  Upper 
Canada : 

Dear  Sir: — I  hasten  to  answer  to  you  for  the  in- 
formation of  the  Comman(ler-in-(;liicf,  that  an  action 
was  fought  on  the  morning  of  the  3d  instant,  at  Point 
au  Pellee  Island,  Upper  Canada,  between  the  Patriot 
force  under  my  command  and  a  detacliment  of  aljout 
400  Brittsh  Regulars. 

At  day-break  the  enemy  was  discovered  in  great 
force  a  few  miles  from  our  encamiiment,  which  was 
at  the  head  of  the  Island.  Their  main  force,  about 
700  strong,  was  marched  down  quietly  in  front ;  their 
left,  about  200  strong.  Hanking  off  in  the  direction  of 
the  light-house  at  North  Point ;  and  their  right,  con- 
sisting entirely  of  British  liegulars,  in  sleighs  and  on 
horse-back,  were  pushing  on  with  great  sj^eed  ak)ng 
the  West  side  of  the  Island  to  gain  our  rear,  for  the 
purpose  of  cutting  off  our  retreat,  should  the  main 
force  succeed  in  driving  us  from  our  position. 

After  closely  examining  the  force  and  disposition  of 
the  enemy,  1  did  not  think  it  prudent  to  await  the 
attack  of  the  main  body.  The  men  w^ere  therefore  in- 
stantly mustered  and  tiled  off  toward  the  Southern  end 
of  the  Island,  a  distance  of  .seven  miles,  to  meet  and 
fight  the  regular  force,  which  had  already  gained  our 


excited  intense  interest  throughout  the  border. 
Colonel  Bradley  subsequently  commanded  with 
credit  a  Company  of  Infantry  in  the  Mexican 
War  of  1846-47,  and  afterwards  the  .38th  Ohio 
Volunteers  in  the  Union  Army,  as  long  as  his 
health  permitted. 

Coincident  witli  the  advance  of  Colonel 
Bradley's  forces  across  the  Lake  from  San- 
dusky, was  a  similar  movement  bj^  another 
"Patriot"  command  from  the  Michigan  side, 
to  Fighting  Island,  in  the  Detroit  Eiver,  some 
eight  miles  below  Detroit,  where  an  engage- 
ment took  place  February  2.5,  1838. 

The  Detroit  Free  Press,  of  February  26th, 
had  the  following  report  of  the  affair  : 

Yesterdaj'  the  war  commenced  in  or  near  Canada. 
On  Sunday  p.  ji.  the  Patriot  forces,  which  had  been 
lurking  in  small  and  detached  squads  at  various 
points  between  Toledo  and  Gibraltar,  collected  on  the 
American  sliore,  opposite  Fighting  Island,  belonging 
to  the  British,  their  number  amounting  to  Ix'tween 
200  and  liOO,  without  arms,  except  five  or  six  muskets 
and  a  small  field  piece  mounted  on  two  rails.  In  this 
condition,  after  receiving  and  cheering  a  patriotic 
speech  from  General  McLeod,  who  commanded  them, 
they  crossed  (on  the  ice)  and  took  possession  of  the 
Island.  They  did  not,  we  understand,  intend  to  cross 
until  their  arms,  which  were  undoubtedly  delayed, 
had  lieen  received ;  but  they  were  forced  immediatel}- 
to  abandon  the  American  territory,  in  order  to  evade 
the  civil  authorities,   which,   aided  by   the    United 

rear.  This  was  effected  as  speedily  as  circumstances 
would  admit.  When  we  arrived  in  view  of  this 
force,  which  consisted  of  about  850  heavy  Infantry 
and  75  well-mounted  Cavalry,  drawn  up  in  ordinary 
battle  array  on  the  ice,  one  and  one-half  miles  from 
the  shore,  in  the  direction  of  Middle  Island — as  we 
had  no  time  for  delay,  in  consequence  of  the  enemy's 
main  force,  which  was  fast  approaching— I  gave 
instant  orders  to  form  in  line  of  battle,  which  were 
cheerfully  obeyed  by  officers  and  men.  When  all 
was  in  rt'adiness,  the  line  moved  forward  with  a  firm 
and  unrtinching  resolution  worthy  of  tried  veterans 
and  advanced  within  half  musket-shot  of  the  enemy, 
when  they  oijened  a  tremendous  fire  on  our  whole 
line,  checking  its  progress  and  compelling  us  to  com- 
mence the  action  at  a  greater  distance  than  we  first 
intended.  Nevertheless  (some  of  our  troops  having 
fired  without  orders),  to  prevent  confusion,  it  was 
thought  proper  that  the  action  should  become  gen- 
eral. For  half  an  hour  we  sustained  the  shock  of 
three  times  our  number  of  British  Regular  troops, 
twice  throwing  them  into  confusion,  breaking  their 
ranks,  and  strewing  the  battle-ground  with  their 
dead  and  wounded.  At  this  time  the  men  remained 
firm,  the  ranks  unbroken,  and  all  determined  to  con- 
tinue the  contest.  The  near  approach,  however,  of 
the  main  force  in  our  rear,  induced  some  to  leave  the 


76 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


States  troops,  were  in  close  pursuit  of  them.  In  the 
course  of  the  night,  about  50  stands  of  arms  \yere 
conveyed  to  them  on  the  Island.  About  daylight 
yesterday  morning,  the  British  troops  opened  a  fire 
on  them  with  grape-shot  from  tlie  Canadian  shore. 
After  receiving  two  or  three  shots  and  returning  as 
many,  the  Islanders  retreated  in  confusion  to  the 
American  shore,  with  three  wounded— one  severely, 
and  two  slightly.  At  the  shore  they  were  met  by  the 
United  States  troops,  who  arrested  and  disarmed 
them  as  fast  as  they  landed.  The  British  troops  took 
possession  of  the  Island  as  soon  as  it  was  evacuated. 
We  have  seen  and  conversed  with  one  of  the  men 
who  was  on  Fighting  Island,  and  who  informs  us 
that  they  were  assured  by  their  officers,  that  500  men 
had  crossed  into  Canada  below  Maiden  from  San- 
dusky. This  is  the  prevalent  belief  here,  as  heavy 
cannonading  was  heard  during  the  forenoon  of  yes- 
terday, in  that  direction.  Our  informant  says  he 
knows  of  no  other  force  in  this  quarter  which  has 
been  preparing  to  enter  Canada,  except  that  with 
which  he  was  connected  on  Fighting  Island,  and  that 
which  is  supposed  to  have  gone  over  from  Sandusky. 
General  Vreeland,  of  the  "Patriot"  forces,  has  been 
arrested  by  the  United  States  authorities. 

Toledo  contributed  her  quota  to  the  "Patriot" 
force  ou  this  occasion,  which  was  commanded 

by  Captains  William  Dodd  and Crane,  who 

were  strongly  endorsed  for  their  bravery  and 
skill,  by  General  McLeod,  the  "Patriot"  com- 
mander, in  a  letter  published  in  the  Blade  at 
the  time. 

The  letter  was  as  follows  : 

To  the  Citizens  of  the  City  of  Toledo : 

I  beg  to  recommend  to  your  favorable  notice,  the 
gallant  and  intrepid  conduct  of  Captain  William 
Dodd  of  this  City,  and  his  Company,  who  so  gallantly 
and  intrepidly  sustained  me  in  the  unequal  contest 

ranks,  in  spite  of  their  officers.  Still,  the  battle  was 
continued  by  a  few  of  the  men  until  the  greater  part 
of  the  troops  had  retired  to  the  Island,  where  all 
assembled  to  deliberate  upon  the  best  mode  of  escape. 
It  was  concluded  to  cross  over  from  the  East  to  the 
West  side  of  the  Island,  and  under  its  cover  retreat, 
which  was  safely  effected,  although  the  enemy's  Cav- 
alry hung  continually  on  our  flank  and  rear. 

I  was  ably  seconded  in  all  my  efforts  during  the 
engagement  by  Colonel  Ward,  Major  Lawton  and 
Adjutant  Olney,  who  fought  with  a  bravery  un- 
equaled  in  modern  warfare.  It  is  with  pain  and 
regret,  that  I  announce  the  fall  of  Major  Hoadley  and 
Captain  Van  Rennssalear.  The  former  displayed  a 
coolness  during  the  whole  engagement  worthy  of  a 
better  fate.  His  memory  should  be  engraven  on  the 
hearts  of  his  countrymen.  Other  officers  condticted 
themselves  with  unexampled  bravery.  None  were 
willing  to  give  up  the  contest,  till  compelled  by  the 
superior  force  of  the  enemy. 


of  the  morning  of  the  25th  instant.     I  have  seen  much 
service  in  Europe  and  America,  but  never  witnessed 
officers  of  a  commission  who  conducted  themselves 
so  coolly,  determinedly,  and  deliberately,  as  did  Cap- 
tains Dodd  and  Crane  for  three  and  one-half  hours, 
with  40  men  against  500  British  troops  w-ell  armed. 
I  have  the  honor  to  be,  your  obedient  servant, 
Donald  McLeod, 
Brig-Gen.  Patriot  Army,  Upper  Canada. 

With  the  Fighting  Island  fiasco,  the  "Patriot" 
folly  collapsed  in  a  failure  which  would  have 
been  ludicrous,  but  for  the  many  deluded  vic- 
tims of  its  vain  hopes,  and  the  peril  in  which 
it  placed  the  peace  of  two  Nations.  The  in- 
s|)iration  of  the  movement  was  two  fold — a 
zeal  for  liberty  without  knowledge  of  the  means 
necessary  to  obtain  it,  and  the  spirit  of  plunder 
always  so  ready  as  an  incentive  in  such  cases. 

The  Caroline  affair  at  Schlosser  at  once 
aroused  the  intensest  excitement  along  the 
border,  and  for  a  time  operated  somewhat  to 
ffalvanize  the  sinkinsr  "  Patriot "  cause.  Its 
national  bearing,  as  was  to  have  been  expected, 
was  serious  fi-om  the  question  of  hostile  inva- 
sion which  grew  out  of  it.  Public  meetings 
were  at  once  called  at  different  points  along 
the  Lakes,  for  the  expression  of  the  popular 
feelings  as  to  the  matter.  Such  a  meeting  con- 
vened at  Maumee  City,  January  17,  1838,  being 
held  at  the  American  House,  the  signers  to  the 
call  being  Henry  Eeed,  Jr.,  J.  J.  Bingham, 
David  Howe,  W.  C.  White,  Geo.  Richardson, 
D.  R.  Ranney,  Jonah  Woodruff,  D.  B.  Taylor, 
A.  Clarke,  James  Wolcott,  John  Sargent,  Ed. 
A.  Pierson,  Geo.  T.  Cose,  Alanson  Powers, 
John   Furey,  L.  B.  Dean,  J.  F.  Smi.th,  T.  W. 

Our  loss  is  one  Major,  one  Captain  and  eight  pri- 
vates killed ;  one  Captain  and  15  privates  wounded, 
and  three  taken  prisoners.     The  enemy's  loss,  from 
the  best  information  received,  is  Major  McCormick 
and  other  officers  (names  unknown),  and  from  50  to 
60  rank  and  file  killed,  and  75  wounded.  I  will  further 
state,  that  we  numbered  just  150  on  the  morning  of 
the  engagement,  offlcere  included. 
I  have  the  honor  to  be.  Sir, 
Yours, 
E.  D.  Bradley,  Colonel, 
In  command  Patriot  Forces  Point  au  Pellee  Island, 

Upper  Canada. 
ISIarch  5th,  IS3S. 

P.  S. — I  have  just  received  information  from  a 
Frenchman,  who  was  the  owner  and  driver  of  the 
teams  that  carried  the  enemy  from  Maiden  to  Point 
au  Pellee.  He  states  that  58  of  the  enemy  were  killed 
and  75  wounded.  E.  D.  B. 


THE  CANADIAN  "PATRIOT"   WAR. 


77 


Crowell,  Geo.  S.  Hazard,  James  F.  Shephard, 
Wheeler  French,  E.  P.  Parkman,  J.  Dwight, 
F.  E.  Kirtland,  Guv  C.  Noble,  Chas.  "Woodruff, 
D.  S.  Gregory,  A.  J.  Hackley,  John  Moriaii, 
Wm.  CoiJeland,  G.  B.  Warner,  Wm.  E.  Dunham 
and  vStephen  T.  Hosmer.  James  Wilkinson  was 
Chairman,  and  Henry  Reed,  Jr.,  Secretary  of 
the  meeting  thus  called.  J.  J.  Bingham,  H.  L. 
Hosmer  and  J.  Dwight  were  appointed  the 
committee  on  resolutions,  whose  report  was  in 
strong  sympathy  with  the  "  Patriot  "  cause. 

The  people  of  Toledo  were  not  united  in 
sentiment,  as  to  either  the  general  question  of 
the  "  Patriot "  movement  or  the  character  of 
the  Schlosser  affair.  A  meeting  of  about  150 
citizens  was  held  January  20th,  at  the  Mansion 
House,  of  which  Dr.  Jacob  Clark  was  the 
Chairman,  and  Chas.  W.  Hill  the  Secretary. 
D.  O.  Morton,  C.  E.  Brintnall,  E.  B.  Dodd, 
Sam.  Allen,  and  E.  S.  Dodd,  constituted  the 
committee  on  resolutions,  and  reported  a  series 
of  such  bitterly  denouncing  tiie  destruction  of 
the  Caroline,  as  "an  outrage  upon  a  body  of 
unoffending  and  unarmed  citizens  of  the  United 
States,"  and  "an  open  violation  of  the  laws  of 
Nations,"  etc.,  such  proceeding  being  further 
characterized  as  "an  unprovoked  invasion  of 
our  soil  and  wanton  massacre  of  our  citizens." 
With  these  declarations  as  to  the  actions  and 
purpose  of  the  "  Patriots,"  was  another  by  the 
same  meeting,  that  its  members  would  "  use  all 
their  power  to  prevent  the  unlawful  organiza- 
tion of  armed  forces  within  our  territory,  and 
to  avoid  any  measures  calculated  to  involve  our 
country  in  trouble  or  difficulty" — at  the  same 
time  pledging  "  sympathy  with  the  people  of 
Canada  in  their  grievances,"  and  whatever  aid 
"a  neutral  people  could  consistently  "  render 
them.  The  meeting  was  addressed  by  Mr. 
McDermott,  late  of  London  District,  Upper 
Canada,  and  by  several  citizens  of  Toledo. 

The  Toledo  Blade  did  not  sympathize  with 
the  "  Patriot"  movement,  as  conducted  on  the 
South  side  of  the  Lakes.  On  the  contrary,  it 
severely  criticised  all  attempts  here  to  raise 
troops  or  otherwise  aid  warlike  operations  in 
its  support. 

Under  date  of  January  17,  18:^8,  the  Blade 
discussed,  at  some  length,  the  merits  of  the 
case,  as  relating  to  the  duties  of  American 
citizens.  It  said :  "  Troops  had  been  publicly 
enlisted  at  Buffalo — armed  and  equipped  by 
her  citizens,  and  in  broad  day,  in  daring  defi- 


ance of  law  and  open  derision  of  the  civil 
authorities,  had  marched  out  of  the  City  and 
taken  hostile  possession  of  a  British  Island. 
Here  they  proceeded  to  fortify  themselves,  and 
under  American  leaders,  receiving  daily  rein- 
forcements of  American  troops,  supplied  by 
bountiful  donations  of  provisions,  arms  and 
munitions  of  War  from  American  citizens;  and 
emboldened  and  urged  on  by  the  perverted 
sympathies  of  a  giddy  multitude,  and  the  pre- 
vailing tone  of  a  servile  and  dependent  Press, 
they  were  meditating  a  descent  upon  the  shore 
of  Canada,  to  shed  the  blood  other  unoffending 
inhabitants.  Nor  was  this  all ;  for  this  high- 
handed aggression  could  only  have  been  con- 
summated at  the  almost  certain  risk  of  involv- 
ing the  whole  country  in  a  war — a  war,  too, 
with  a  friendly  Power,  to  whose  generous 
mediation,  but  a  short  time  ago,  our  own 
Nation  had  probably  been  indebted  for  an 
escape  from  the  horrors  of  a  sanguinary  conflict 
with  France." 

Eeferriiig  to  alleged  disaffection  among 
the  people  of  Canada,  the  Blade  said  ;  "More- 
over, where  was  tiie  force  embodied  in  Upper 
Canada,  to  encourage  these  volunteers  and 
beckon  them  on  ?  Where  were  the  gathered 
troops  of  the  Provincial  'Patriots,'  ready  to 
welcome  these  partisans  to  the  brotherhood  of 
arms?  They  were  not  to  be  found.  There 
was  no  sign  or  trace  of  internal  revolt;  much 
less  of  a  matured  and  extended  insurrection,  to 
afford  a  shadow  of  excuse  for  the  meditated 
invasion.  The  majority  of  that  people,  as  we 
learn,  are  in  favor  of  reform,  but  not  of  revolu- 
tion. The  mass  of  the  peojjle  dread  nothing 
so  much  as  the  threatened  invasion  from  us. 
Their  shores  are  lined— not  with  open  arms  to 
receive  us,  but  unbought  bayonets  to  repel  the 
unnatural  encroachment,  and  defend  their 
altars  and  hearths.  And  yet,  our  American 
volunteers,  in  the  desecrated  name  of  Freedom, 
are  bent  upon  hostile  violation  of  their  terri- 
tory ;  and  we  are  required  to  applaud  their 
disinterested  heroism — to  find  a  model  for  their 
leaders  in  the  venerated  LaFayette,  and  to 
libel  the  honest  and  sturdy  yeomanry  of  our  own 
Eevolution,  who  bled  for  their  own  firesides, 
by  degrading  them  to  a  com^aarison  with  these 
bold  crusaders  against  a  foreign  soil.  *  * 
We  are  with  the  cause  of  free  principles  and 
Republican  institutions.  We  believe  in  the 
right  of  the  majority  to  determine  their  own 


78 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


form  of  government;  luul  il  the  majority  of 
the  inhabitants  of  the  two  Provinces  are  not 
satisfied  with  their  connection  with  Great 
Britain,  and  are  bent,  at  whatever  hazard,  to 
renounce  their  allei-iance  and  establish  an  in- 
dependent Government,  we  bid  them  '  God 
speed.'  Our  sympathies  are  with  them.  We 
do  not,  liowever,  believe  in  that  romantic 
Quixotism,  which  would  compel  thera  to  the 
horrors  of  revolution  against  their  will.  *  * 
Now,  we  put  it  to  the  candid  sense  of  every 
reflecting  and  considerate  member  of  this  com- 
munity, who  believes  in  the  obligations  of  good 
citizenshij)  and  obedience  to  laws,  what  was 
our  duty  ill  such  a  crisis?  Was  it,  to  court  the 
giddy  breath  of  popular  favor,  by  fanning  a 
flame  which  threatened  to  subvert  all  delibera- 
tion and  self-control,  and  to  lead  to  utter  an- 
archy? Or  was  it,  to  be  silent,  and  through 
fear  of  giving  off'ense  to  a  generous,  but  over- 
heated ardor,  stifle  our  convictions  of  the  wrong 
committed  upon  our  social  obligations,  and  the 
shame  and  dishonor  which  impended  over  the 
National  character?  Our  course  was  plain. 
Impelled  alike  by  the  strength  of  our  feelings, 
an  ardent  love  for  our  country's  honor,  and  an 
imperative  sense  of  duty,  we  raised  a  voice  of 
resolute  condemnation  against  the  high-handed 
enrollment  of  American  Volunteers  to  invade 
the  coast  of  Canada.  And  what  was  the  con- 
sequence? A  great  ferment  was  raised  in 
Town,  among  some  well-meaning,  but  impas- 
sioned champions  of  revolution,  who  seemed  to 
think  we  had  been  guilty  of  some  mon.strous 
treason  to  the  cause  of  Ee])ublicau  institutions, 
because  we  could  not  approve  of  the  dishonor- 
able divorce  of  Liberty  and  Law.  We  took  our 
position  under  the  laws  of  the  United  States, 
and  condemned,  as  no  attempt  at  intimidation 
or  proscription  shall  prevent  us  from  still  con- 
demning, earnestly  and  indignantly,  the  illegal 
enrollment  of  American  Volunteers."  The  arti- 
cle closed  with  the  quotation  of  a  sentiment 
uttered  by  Henry  Clay  in  the  Senate  in  regai-d 
to  the  demonstrations  at  Buffalo,  to  wit : 
"  There  is  no  spectacle  more  unworthy  a  free 
people,  than  that  presented  by  our  country  at 
present;  where,  while  the  Nation  is  ut  peace, 
the  People  are  at  war."  The  Blade  at  that 
time,  is  understood  to  have  been  under  the  ed- 
itorial management  of  George  B.  Way.  The 
free  quotation  from  his  article  is  made  here,  as 
much  in  consideration  of  the  able  and  dignified 


assertion  of  the  true  character  and  office  of  the 
Press,  as  of  the  just  and  conservative  course 
adopted  for  the  paper  upon  an  exciting  and 
highly  delicate  public  question  ;  whereby  was 
furnished  a  precedent,  as  well  as  reasons,  which 
can  never  be  less  valuable  than  the}'  were  under 
the  particular  circumstances  which  called  them 
forth. 

The  end  of  the  so-called  "Patriot"  move- 
ment, as  might  have  been  expected,  was  utter 
and  complete  failure — both  in  its  practical  re- 
sults, and  in  its  claims  to  consideration  on  the 
score  of  merit.  The  more  it  was  examined  as 
to  the  grounds  upon  which  it  was  undertaken, 
the  more  causeless  and  unwarranted  it  ap- 
peared. At  the  outset,  and  for  a  time  there- 
after, the  natural  sympathy  of  the  people  of  the 
border  States  of  the  Union  with  any  subjects 
of  monarchical  power,  led  them  to  accept  the 
stories  of  "  British  tyranny  and  wrong,"  and 
to  wish  the  victims  of  such  oppression  success 
in  their  supposed  atterajjt  at  freedom.  This 
sentiment,  more  or  less  general,  at  first  mate- 
rially stimulated  the  "Patriot"  cause,  and  aided 
in  securing  for  it  both  financial  support  and 
securitj-  for  active  operations.  It  was  greatly 
strengthened  by  the  sjnnpathy  of  the  Press, 
which  very  generally  encouraged  the  move- 
ment. It  was  only  necessary  for  a  few  active 
and  persistent  men  in  almost  any  City  or  Town 
along  the  Lakes,  to  make  the  proper  appeal,  to 
secure  more  or  less  of  popular  sujjport.  It  was 
soon  found,  however,  that  the  response  was 
more  liberal  in  volunteers  for  the  "  Patriot  " 
Army,  than  in  funds  for  its  support.  The 
financial  condition  of  the  country  was  specially 
favorable  for  active  recruiting  of  men.  The 
panic  and  attendant  general  prostration  of  trade 
commencing  early  in  1837,  had  deprived  large 
numbers  of  persons  of  employment,  while 
throwing  manj^  others  out  of  business,  many 
of  whom  were  thus  well  prepared  to  accept  the 
plausible  jiromises  of  the  "  Patriot "  leaders 
that  the  property  of  the  hated  British,  should 
soon  be  placed  at  their  disposal.  This  consid- 
eration operated  powerfully  toward  raising  so- 
called  "troops."  But  the  essential  supplies  of 
the  Commissary  Department  were  lamentably 
wanting,  whereby  the  movement  was  seriously 
crippled.  The  result  was,  that  recruits  drawn 
to  the  enter])rise  bj'  hope  of  plunder  or  other 
gain,  often  without  arms,  clothing  and  food, 
were  but  a  charge  upon  an   illy-supplied  ex- 


THE  CANADIAN  "PATRIOT"    WAR. 


79 


chequer.  As  a  rule,  they  were  anything  but  a 
hopeful  material  out  of  which  to  make  soldieris. 
As  in  the  case  of  some  of  the  officers  of  the 
force,  many  of  the  rank  and  file  no  doubt  were 
sincere  in  their  desire  to  sustain  what  they 
supposed  to  be  a  good  cause  ;  but  the  body  of 
them  knew  nor  cared  for  much  beyond  the 
hope  for  plunder  and  a  love  of  venture  —  the 
more  desperate  the  better.* 

The  most  important  event  connected  with 
this  mad  movement,  was  the  burning  of  the 
Caroline  at  Sclilosser.  Buffer  that,  the  "  Pa- 
triot "War"  would  not  have  attained  even  to 
its  actual  significance,  and  would  have  much 
sooner  been  lost  to  popular  view.  The  arrest 
and  trial  of  General  McLeod,  by  the  authori- 
ties of  the  L'nited  States,  for  the  pai't  taken  by 
him  in  that  event,  led  to  coinplications  and 
discussion  with  the  British  Government,  which 
for  a  long  time  excited  more  or  less  alarm  and 
apprehension  of  serious  ti'ouble.  The  ijrudence 
of  the  two  Governments,  however,  prevailed  in 
an  amicable  adjustment  of  the  delicate  ques- 
tions involved.  Such  result  was  no  doubt 
largely  promoted  by  the  action  of  the  United 
States  in  protesting  against  participation  by  its 
citizens  in  the  "  Patriot "  movement,  and  in 
the  steps  taken  toward  the  maintenance  of 
order  and  peaceful  relations  with  the  Canadian 
Government  by  citizens  of  the  border  States. 
In  securing  such  end.  President  Van  Buren 
sent  Major-General  Winfield  Scott  to  the  fron- 
tier for  purposes  of  inspection  and  the  repres- 
sion of  participation  by  American  citizens  in 
the  acts  of  hostility  to  British  authority.  On 
such  mission,  General  Scott  spent  some  time 
along  the  border,  with  evidentbeneficial  results. 

Prominent  in  the  "  Patriot"  movement  dur- 
ing the  Winter  of  1838-9,  was  a  Pole,  Sholtew- 
sky  von  Schoultz,  who  had  fled  from  Poland, 
to  escape  the  vengeance  of  the  Eussian  Gov- 
ernment, for  his  jiarticipation  in  the  insurrec- 
tion against  that  power.  lie  was  considered  a 
man  of  exceptional  intelligence  and  energy, 
with  an  earnest,  burning  zeal  for  any  cause 
that  promised  relief  of  a  people  suffering  o\)- 

*  A  biographical  sketch  of  General  Bierce,  who 
died  at  Akron  in  1876,  aged  75  years,  says:  "The 
whole  movement  (against  Canada  by  Americans), 
was  an  unadvised  one,  and  plainly  a  violation  of  in- 
ternational law,  that,  in  his  more  mature  life,  he  did 
not  take  much  pride  in."  The  same  view  is  believed 
to  have  been  general  among  the  more  intelligent 
American  participants  in  that  movement. 


pression  such  as  had  been  forced  upon  his  na- 
tive land.  Volunteering  for  the  "  Patriot " 
service,  he  was  appointed  Colonel,  with  author- 
ity to  organize  a  Eegiment  to  be  constituted 
chiefly  of  Poles.  In  prompt  response  to  such 
appointment.  Colonel  von  Schoultz  transmitted 
to  Major-General  Lucius  V.  Bierce,  of  Akron, 
Ohio,  a  detailed  plan  for  the  operations  of  the 
"Patriot"  Army,  in  its  advance  into  Canada. 
The  document  has  historical  interest,  as  better 
showing  the  real  character  of  that  movement, 
and  the  sort  of  men  who  led  it,  than  could 
otherwise  be  done.     It  was  as  follows: 

Salina,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  28,  1838. 
To  Major-General  Bierce,  Commander-in-Chief : 

Dear  Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the 
receipt  of  your  letter  dated  the  17th  of  September, 
which  this  moment  was  handed  to  me,  in  relation  to 
the  organization  of  my  forces  and  their  movements. 
It  is  with  feelings  of  gratification  and  pride  I  accept 
the  honorable  part  you  have  entrusted  to  me,  and  I 
hasten  with  the  utmost  dispatch  to  fulfill  my  prom- 
ises. 

As  the  nature  of  the  troops  I  organize  requires  offi- 
cers of  a  jiarticular  description,  I  confidently  trust 
you  will  have  the  goodness  to  permit  me  to  appoint 
my  officers  and  staff  and  report  them  to  you  for  com- 
missions. 

The  headquarters  of  my  countrymen  being  at  Phil- 
adelphia, I  hasten  to  them  through  night  and  day, 
and  will  immediately  report  to  you  from  that  place. 
Your  orders  regarding  the  movement  of  my  eonqia- 
nies  will  Ijc  i)unctually  obeyed.  I  hope  you  will  rely 
with  confidence  upon  my  discretion  in  ail  that  regards 
the  secrecy  and  security  of  our  noble  enterprise. 

Permit  me,  General,  to  lay  before  you  a  plan  of  at- 
tack for  the  ojjening  of  the  campaign,  and  be  assured 
at  the  same  time  that  the  reason  why  I  do  it  does  not 
originate  in  a  supercilious  pride,  but  that  I  consider 
it  an  imperious  duty  on  my  part,  thereby  to  show 
myself  worthy  the  command  wherewith  I  have  been 
entrusted,  and  add  the  experience  which  during 
twelve  years'  active  service,  I  may  have  acquired  in 
the  art  of  war  and  military  combinations  to  the  talents 
with  which  you  have  surrounded  yourself ;  and  fur- 
ther, that  if  the  service  of  the  detached  regiment  is  a 
difficidt  and  bloody  one,  I  will  regard  it  as  a  particu- 
lar favor  to  have  my  regiment  ordered  to  execute  it. 
The  plan  is  the  following : 

Twenty-four  hours  before  j'ou  open  hostilities  with 
the  main  army  from  Dotroit  or  its  neighborhood,  a 
regiment  will  be  detached  and  sent  around  by  water 
to  Waterloo.  There  it  lands  and  proceeds  imme- 
diately to  Fort  Erie,  which  is  stormed  and  carried  ;  a 
small  garrison  and  the  wounded  are  left  there.  The 
regiment  will  proceed  the  same  night,  without  repose, 
toward  Queenston  (twenty-four  miles), where  it  arrives 
the  following  day ;  attacks,  storms,  and  carries  the 
fortifications  and  the  town.     Leaves  a  garrison  and 


80 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


proceeds  to  Fort  George;  storms  and  carries  It;  leaves 
a  garrison,  wheels  to  the  left  and  occupies  Port  Dal- 
housie ;  organizes  that  Town  for  defense  by  throwing 
up  two  strong  redouts,  and  abides  there  the  move- 
ments of  your  main  army,  which  will  have  jiroceeded 
in  the  following  manner: 

Twenty-four  hours  after  the  departure  of  the  de- 
tachment, the  army  is  put  in  motion,  storms  and  car- 
ries Fort  Maiden ;  leaves  a  garrison  and  proceeds  in 
ordinary  marches  on  the  London  road  leading  toward 
Toronto.  Arrived  at  Ancaster,  an  express  is  dis- 
patched to  the  commander  of  the  detachment  at  Dal- 
liousie  (who  will  send  scouts  and  reconnoitering  par- 
ties so  far),  informing  him  of  the  very  hour  you  intend 
to  malie  the  attack  on  Toronto.  The  commander  of 
the  detachment  will  in  the  meantime  have  arranged 
means  for  crossing  the  lake,  and  shall  at  the  fixed 
hour,  land  his  forces  at  Toronto,  thereby  operating  on 
the  flank  of  the  enemy,  and  force  him  to  divide  his 
troops.  I  have  no  doubt  the  place  will  thus  be  carried. 
The  benefits  resulting  from  this  plan  are  the  follow- 
ing: Fort  Erie,  situated  opposite  and  near  Buflalo, 
enables  the  patriots  there  to  send  their  supplies  of 
arms,  etc.,  to  a  fortified  place,  and  voluntaires  can 
there  be  taken  uji,  drilled  and  forwarded  ;  the  same 
it  is  with  other  fortified  places.  In  the  meantime, 
the  enemy  at  Toronto  dares  not  venture  to  advance 
against  the  main  army,  because  he  would  be  taken  in 
the  rear  by  the  detachment.  Consequently,  you  can 
advance  undisturbed  with  your  whole  force,  incor- 
porating all  the  Patriot  forces  on  your  way  onward. 


Your  troops  will  be  enlivened  and  confident  of  suc- 
cess by  the  information  of  the  victories  of  the  detach- 
ment, thus  raising  a  moral  impulse  among  the  soldiers. 
The  Patriots  will  more  readily  hasten  round  your 
standard,  knowing  that  you  have  places  where,  in  a 
movement,  the)'  can  be  in  security  and  near  the  fron- 
tiers ;  finally,  in  case  of  any  reverse,  the  arm)-  can 
rally  round  the  fortresses,  which  thus  constitute  a 
sure  basis  of  operation  and  contain  excellent  depots. 
Free  communications  East  and  West  with  the  United 
States  are  also  opened. 

It  is  with  great  anxiety  I  await  your  answer,  which 
I  beg  you  to  send  on  to  Philadelphia,  Penna. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  General,  very  respectfully, 
your  obedient  servant, 

Sholtewsky  von  Schoultz,  Colonel. 

During  the  following  Winter,  von  Schoultz 
and  his  command  made  the  famous  attack  on 
Prescott,  Upper  Canada,  in  which  he  at  first 
succeeded  so  far  as  to  entrench  himself  at 
Windmill  Point,  but  was  overcome,  captured, 
and  executed  by  hanging.  Manj^  other  pris- 
oners were  taken  by  the  British  authorities, 
some  of  whom  were  discharged,  and  others 
banished  to  the  penal  Colonies  of  Great  Britain. 
Most  of  the  latter  died  there,  while  a  very  few 
were  permitted,  after  long  years  of  confine- 
ment, to  return. 


CHAPTER  IV. 


THE    MEXICAN     WAR. 


ONE  Comf)any  was  raised  in  Lucas  County 
for  service  in  the  War  with  Mexico.  Of 
that,  Daniel  Chase,  then  of  Manhattan,  was  the 
Captain.  It  left  Toledo  for  the  field  May  IS, 
1847.  The  Toledo  Guards,  Captain  Willey, 
turned  out  on  the  occasion  to  escort  the  Com- 
pany to  the  Steamboat;  and  the  citizens, 
through  Judge  Mj'ron  H.  Tilden,  jiresented 
Captain  Chase  with  a  sword. 

Little  can  be  learned  of  the  service  oi'  this 
Company  ;  but  what  is  known,  is  creditable  to 
men  and  oflScers.  It  was  Company  B,  15th 
United  States  Infantry. 

In  a  letter  dated  at  Chapultepec,  near  the 
City  of  Mexico,  December  19,  1847,  Captain 
Chase  furnished  the  following  list  of  deaths  in 
his  command,  to  wit: 

Chester  G.  Andrews  and  John  Sleath,  killed 
in  battle  near  City  of  Mexico,  August  20,  1847. 

Joseph  F.  Clark,  died  of  wounds  received  in 
same  battle. 

Jonas  G.  Anglerayer,  died  of  wounds  received 
at  .storming  of  Chapultepec. 

John  Ball,  died  in  hospital,  at  New  Orleans, 
August  20,  1847. 

Solomon  Blenbaugh,  died  in  hospital  at  City 
of  Mexico,  October  6,  1847. 


Chauncy  Crego,  died  at  San  Borgia,  Septem- 
ber 3,  1847. 

ilobert  Graves,  killed  at  City  of  Mexico, 
September  14,  1847. 

Isaac  H.  Huyck,  died  in  hospital,  at  Chapul- 
tepec, November  19,  1847. 

Joseph  Hickory,  died  in  hospital,  at  Vera 
Cruz,  June  22, 1847. 

Sam.  Jennings,  died  near  Jalapa,  June  26,1847. 

Thomas  L.  Kolloch,  died  in  hospital,  at  Cha- 
pultepec, December  15,  1847. 

Thos.  Marks,  died  near  Santa  Fe,  June  19,1847. 

Jacob  Eeid,  died  in  Perote,  July,  1847. 

David  Eobinson,  died  in  Chapultepec, 
November  19,  1847. 

Noble  Robinson,  died  in  hospital,  at  Perote, 
July  3,  1847. 

George  W.  Hough,  died  in  same,  July  15,1847. 

James  "W.  Skoen,  died  in  hospital,  at  Mexico, 
Sejitember  27,  1847. 

Died  in  hospital,  atPuebla — Calvin  Waggins, 
Charles  Carroll,  Edward  Bennett,  Joseph  Cum- 
mings,  Wm.  Davis,  Samuel  Garrison,  Wm.  Gee, 

Hann,  George  Holder,  Eobert   Kinkley, 

Wm.  Reigert,  Ephraim  Smith,  Aaron  Strevor, 
Leander  P.  Stoddard,  Charles  Tupel,  Charles 
Smith. 


[81] 


I 


CHAPTER    V. 


LOCAL    MILITARY    ORGANIZATIONS. 


FACTS  and  dates  as  to  early  Military  organ- 
izations, are  ditiicult  to  be  obtained.  No 
record  beyond  what  is  supplied  by  the  public 
press  can  be  found.  But  it  is  learned,  that  this 
department  of  well-regulated  government  was 
by  no  means  overlooked. 

The  first  Military  Company  in  Toledo,  was 
the  Lucas  Guards,  which  had  its  birth  in  1835, 
amid,  as  probably  it  was  born  of,  the  stirring 
scenes  and  excited  feelings  of  the  Toledo  War. 
Captain  Granville  Jones  was  in  command. 
How  long  the  Guards  maintained  their  organ- 
ization, is  not  definitely  known;  probablj",  not 
long  after  the  boundary  question  ceased  to 
suggest  such  means  for  defen.se  from  "  Wolver- 
ine" aggression. 

In  1838  a  second  Military  Company  was  in 
existence,  viz.:  The  Toledo  Guards;  but  noth- 
ing can  be  learned  of  its  organization  at  that 
time.  In  1840,  Charles  W.  Hill  was  its  Captain  ; 
Coleman  I.  Keeler,  Jr,,  and  Henry  Allen,  as 
Filers;  and  Mavor  Brigham,  as  Drummer. 
Charles  B.  Phillips  was  the  Secretary  of  the 
Company,  who  gave  notice  for  a  drill  to  take 
place  March  5,  1840.  The  Company  was  con- 
nected with  the  First  Eegiment,  First  Brigade, 
of  the  Eighteenth  Division  of  the  Ohio  Militia. 
While  probably  not  a  partisan  organization, 
the  Guards  became  prominent  in  connection 
with  the  political  campaign  of  1840,  and  espe- 
cially in  its  attendance  at  the  great  Whig 
gathering  at  Fort  Meigs,  in  June  of  that  year. 

The  Toledo  Guards  gave  their  "  First  Annual 
Military  Ball  "  at  the  American  Hotel,  on  Jan- 
uary 8,  1841,  "  at  5  o'clock  p.  m."  Managers  : 
General  E.  S.  Dodd,  General  J.  W.  Brown, 
Colonel  B.  P.  Peckham,  Colonel  S.  B.  Campbell, 
Major  Ed.  Bissell,  Major  H.  S.  Wood,  Captain 
C.  W.  Hill,  Captain  A.  A.  Eabineau,  Captain 
P.  Palmer,  Captain  W.  A.  Chamberlin,  Captain 
J.  A.  Titus,  Lieutenant  C.  I.  Keeler,  Jr.,  Sur- 
geon C.  McLean,  Sergeant  H.  G.  Cozzens, 
Lieutenant  E.  A.  Brown,  Corporal  Levi  Snell, 
Sergeant  C.  M.  Dorr,  Private  H.  W.  Goettell, 
Corporal  C.  B.  Phillips,  Private  D.  B.  Smith, 
Private  Dan  Segur,  Private  Pliny  Hoagland. 


March  5,  1841,  the  Guards  elected  the  fol- 
lowing officers:  Captain,  C.  W.  Hill;  First 
Lieutenant,  Horatio  G.  Cozzens ;  Second 
Lieutenant,  Charles  Bellows;  Orderly  Sergeant, 
Daniel  Schraffenberger ;  Second  Sergeant, 
Thomas  D.  Thomas. 

Under  the  head,  "  Military  Election,"  the 
Blade  of  May  22,  1839,  says  :  "  On  Thursday 
last,  John  R.  Osborn,  Esq.,  of  this  City,  was 
elected  Colonel  of  the  Regiment  of  Ohio  Militia 
in  this  County."  Colonel  Osborn  not  accepting 
the  command  of  the  First  Regiment,  Fir.st 
Brigade,  Eighteenth  Division,  Ohio  Militia,  he 
was  succeeded  by  Colonel  B.  P.  Peckham,  with 
L.  S.  Lownsbury  as  Adjutant. 

The  following  officers  of  Toledo  Guards  were 
chosen  hy  that  Companj',  in  April,  1841 :  Cap- 
tain, Chas.  W.  Hill;  First  Lieutenant,  Horatio 
G.  Cozzens  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Chas.  Bellows; 
Orderly  Sergeant,  Daniel  Schraffenberger ; 
Second  Sergeant,  Thomas  D.  Thomas. 

Edson  Allen,  Paymaster  of  the  First  Regi- 
ment, First  Brigade,  Eighteenth  Division,  Ohio 
Militia,  December  26,  1842,  reported  that  the 
amount  of  fines  collected  for  non-performance 
of  Militarj'  dutj-  during  the  ^-ear  1842,  was 
S.3G.50. 

Captain  C.  W.  Hill,  of  Toledo  Guards,  was 
elected  Brigadier-General,  in  June,  1842. 

A  new  Military  Company,  taking  the  name 
of  the  old  Toledo  Guards,  was  organized  in 
August,  18.55,  with  the  following  officers: 
Captain,  Chas.  B.  Phillijjs ;  First  Lieutenant, 
John  E.  Bond ;  Second  Lieutenant,  H.  D. 
Kiugsburj' ;  Third  Lieutenant,  Kin.  S.  Dygert; 
Fourth  Lieutenant,  Wm.  S.  Sizer;  First  Ser- 
geant, Chas.  Ballard  ;  Second  Sergeant,  Geo.  W. 
Merrill ;  Third  Sergeant,  Fred.  H.  Brown  ; 
Fourth  Sergeant,  Alonzo  Kingsbury;  First 
Corporal,  C.  M.  McCarty ;  Second  Corporal, 
Chas.  E.  Bliven  ;  Ensign,  John  Gavin. 

At  a  convention  of  the  several  Military  Com- 
panies, held  in  Toledo.  June  6,  1857,  Mr.  G. 
Dunn  was  made  Chairman,  and  C.  E.  Bliven, 
Secretary.  The  object  was  the  selection  of 
some  suitable  person  as  Major-General  of  the 


[82] 


LOCAL  MILITARY  ORGANIZATIONS. 


815 


Division.  The  names  of  Generals  Hill,  Phillips, 
and  Gilson,  Colonel  Steedman,  Major  Dunn, 
and  Lieutenants  Bond  and  Finlay,  were  an- 
nounced; all  of  whom,  except  that  of  Colonel 
Steedman,  were  withdrawn,  when  that  gentle- 
man was  unanimously  chosen,  and  he  accepted 
the  position. 

A  Military  Election  was  held  at  Toledo, 
September  29,  1857,  when  Charles  B.  Phillips, 
of  Toledo,  was  elected  Brigadier-General,  Ohio 
Militia,  by  50  votes,  to  46  for  Garret  Dunn. 

An  election  of  officers  for  the  Toledo  Guards, 
was  held  December  5,  1857;  the  following  were 
elected:  Captain,  Chas.  B.  Phillips;  First 
Lieutenant,  H.  D.  Kingsbury  ;  Second  Lieu- 
tenant, Geo.  W.  Merrill ;  Third  Lieutenant, 
Albert  Moore;  Ensign,  Chas.  E.  Bliven. 

The  non-commissioned  officers  of  Toledo 
Guards,  elected  February  1,  1859,  were  as  fol- 
lows :  First  Sergeant,  Wm.  P.  Pugb  ;  Second 
Sergeant,  Eoger  Alcott;  Third  Sergeant,  J.  W. 


Smith ;  Fourth  Sergeant,  J.  W.  Holmes  ;  First 
Corporal,  J.  B.  Howard;  Second  Corporal,  J. 
B.  Foley;  Third  Corporal,  M.  O.  Merrill;  Fourth 
Corporal,  C.  P.  Dixon.  The  Captain  was  Geo. 
W.  Merrill. 

In  February,  1859,  Colonel  J.  M.  Ashley 
having  resigned  his  po.sition  on  the  Staff  of 
Governor  Chase,  was  commissioned  as  Commis- 
sary-General of  the  Volunteer  Militia  of  Ohio, 
with  rank  as  Brigadier- General.  Major  John 
Stevens,  of  Milan,  Erie  County  (now  of  Toledo), 
was  at  the  same  time  commissioned  as  En- 
gineer-in-(Jhief  of  Volunteer  Militia  of  Ohio, 
with  rank  of  Colonel. 

Manj^  other  local  organizations  of  similar 
kinds  have  existed,  from  time  to  time,  whose 
records  are  not  now  accessible  to  the  writer. 
Suffice  it  to  say,  that  Lucas  Countj'  has  not 
been  lacking  in  the  spirit  which  suggests  and 
maintains  the  military  arm  of  defense  from 
outside  foes  and  disturbances. 


I 


CHAPTEE    VI. 


THE    WAR   OF   THE    REBELLION HOME    WORK. 


plies  and  recruits,  which  could  be  secured  only 
through  the  prevalence  of  a  sound,  popular 
sentiment,  whence  such  supj)ort  must  come. 
As  every  Union  Soldier  can  testify,  the  Army 
was  no  less  sensitive  to  reports  of  disloyal 
manifestations  in  the  rear,  than  to  those  of 
hostile  action  in  the  front.  When  Putnam 
entered  the  den  in  search  of  the  bear,  he  was 
quite  as  anxious  to  feel  the  assuring  hold  on 
the  outer  end  of  the  rope  attached  to  his  ankle, 
as  he  was  to  find  the  animal  before  him.  It 
was  only  by  such  patriotic  and  trustful  co- 
operation of  a  loyal  people,  that  the  glorious 
success  of  Union  arms  was  attained. 

The  long-threatened  blow  of  rebellion  was 
struck  in  the  commencement  of  cannonading 
upon  Fort  Sumpter  by  the  Confederate  guns 
at  Fort  Moultrie,  on  the  morning  of  April 
12,  18(51.  The  news  of  such  action  was  jDub- 
lished  in  the  Toledo  Blade  of  Saturday,  April 
13th,  with  the  following  editorial  comment: 

"  The  blow  is  struck !  The  time  when  the  friends 
of  Constitutional  Government  and  Civil  Liberty 
must  take  their  position  for  or  against  the  Gov- 
ernment, has  arrived !  The  enemies  of  the  Union 
and  of  Freedom  have  at  last  reached  the  point  where 
they  feel  warranted  in  opening  hostilities  upon  the 
Government  they  are  bound  by  every  consideration 
of  loyalty  and  patriotism  to  support.  *  *  All  that 
forbearance  and  moderation  on  the  part  of  the 
friends  of  order  could  do,  has  been  done  to  avert  this 
shocking  calamity.  *  ®  The  history  of  the  world 
furnishes  no  parallel  to  either  the  madness  of  the 
ofTenders,  or  the  forbearance  of  the  Government.  In 
any  other  country  on  the  Globe  it  would  have  been 
impossible  for  deliberate,  protracted  and  extended 
armament  against  the  Government  to  be  carried  for- 
ward openly  and  undisguisedly  for  months,  as  was 
the  case  in  this  instance. 

"The  practical  question  now  for  every  citizen,  is 
]yhat  is  duty?  .What  responsibilities  devolve  upon 
you,  in  this  emergency  ?  "\\'e  make  no  partisan  ap- 
peal. We  speak  not  to  Republicans  or  to  Democrats 
— native  or  foreign  born— but  to  American  citizens,  of 
all  classes  and  divisions.  *  *  There  can  be  but 
one  answer  from  an  American  heart,  and  that  will  be 
a  prompt  and  pati-iotic    pledge   of   support  to  the 


TlIF  publication  of  this  volume  affords  the 
first  opportunity  for  presenting  the  rec- 
ord of  Lucas  County,  in  connection  with  the 
gi-eat  struggle  between  Treason  and  Loyalty — 
Slavery  and  Freedom — Nationality  and  An- 
archy— which  bathed  the  United  States  in 
blood  for  the  four  years  beginning  April  12, 
1861.  Hence,  it  has  been  deemed  fitting  that 
such  opportunity  be  improved,  so  far  as  may 
be  found  practicable.  To  that  end,  much  of  time 
and  patient  labor  have  been  employed  in  gath- 
ering and  embodying  material,  which  it  is 
hoped,  may  be  found  acceptable  at  this  time, 
and  serviceable  in  years  to  come.  As  may  be 
supposed,  the  work  has  been  one  of  selection, 
largely,  since,  with  the  facilities  at  hand,  there 
has  been  no  trouble  on  the  score  of  quantity. 
Volumes  might  be  filled  with  available  material. 
In  the  use  of  the  material  selected,  it  has 
been  deemed  best  to  divide  it  under  two  heads 
—"Home  Work"  and  "Field  Work  "—the 
former  showing,  to  some  extent,  what  was  done 
by  loyal  men  and  women  at  Home,  for  the  sup- 
port of  the  Government,  in  the  various  modes 
open  to  them;  and  the  latter  briefly  showing 
by  whom  and  how  Lucas  County  was  repre- 
sented 171  the  Field.  In  the  preparation  of  the 
Home  department  of  this  historj-,  it  was 
thought  to  be  only  simple  justice,  that  those 
contributing  to  the  suj^port  of  the  operations 
at  the  front  of  the  war,  and  to  the  mainte- 
nance of  a  loyal  sentiment  at  home,  should  be 
recognized,  so  far  as  that  should  be  found 
practicable.  This  view  is  based  upon  the 
assumption,  that  the  two  departments  of  action 
were  equally  essential  to  success  —  that  the 
Soldiers  were  as  dependent  upon  the  efifective 
co-operation  of  the  friends  of  the  Union  at 
home,  as  were  the  latter  upon  the  action  of  the 
former  in  the  field.  The  two  classes  were  in- 
dispensable to  success,  and  equally  entitled  to 
recognition  of  their  faithfiil  sujjport  of  the 
Government.  This  fact  was  even  more  fully 
appreciated  by  those  at  the  front,  than  by  those 

at  home,  since  they  were  constantly  impressed      °"''''"''^.*  ^'^''^'  *^«  Government,  or  the  chosen  rep- 

wit.h  .  «....  ,.f  ...  indisoen.nhrl    7   7  i-e^entatives  of  the  Nation,  shall  devise  for  the  vindi- 

0  indispensable  need  of  sup-      cation  of  its  authority  and  the  preservation  of  our 


with  a  sense  of  tht 


[>S-t] 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  HOME   WORK. 


85 


liberties.  The  man  who  takes  this  position,  will  be 
of  the  Party  of  Patriots — no  matter  what  his  past  des- 
ignation or  association;  and  he  who  refuses  to  do  so, 
should  be  known  as  a  Tory  and  a  Traitor  to  his 
Country  and  his  duty.      *      *      '* 

"We  are  rejoiced  to  believe  that  the  masses  of  all 
parties  are  true  to  their  duty,  and  are  guided  by  the 
impulses  of  loyalty  and  patriotism.  In  our  own 
section  we  look  for  a  unity  of  sentiment  and  action, 
which  will  nerve  the  hearts  and  sustain  the  hands  of 
those  in  charge  of  the  Government,  and  leave  no 
doubt  as  to  the  position  of  Northwestern  Ohio  in  this 
crisis.  And  here  let  us  suggest  that  immediate  steps 
be  taken  by  our  citizens,  without  distinction  of  party, 
to  give  expression  to  public  sentiment  on  this  great 
cjuestion.  We  believe  such  a  movement  would  do 
much  toward  concentrating  popular  feeling,  and  en- 
couraging our  State  and  National  authorities  in  the 
measures  demanded  by  the  exigencies  of  the  times." 

In  the  i.ssiie  of  that  jiaper  of  Monday,  the 
15th,  appeared  the  following  call  for  a  public 
meeting :  * 

PATRIOTS  ATTEND!     RALLY  TO-NIGHT! 

The  time  has  come  when  all  who  love  their  coun- 
try are  called  upon  to  stand  by  the  Flag.  Treason 
has  raised  its  head  within  the  pale  of  our  glorious 
country.  Traitorous  bands  have  struck  down  the 
National  Flag,  and  the  Government  calls  on  all  true 
patriots  to  assist  in  vindicating  its  authority.  In 
order  that  an  expression  of  feeling  may  be  made  on 
this  important  subject,  a  meeting  is  hereby  called  for 
consultation.  Let  party  ties  and  party  feeling  be  for- 
gotten in  this  hour  of  our  country's  peril,  and  let  the 
people  assemble  to-night  at  the  Union  depot.  Tole- 
do, April  1.5,  1S61. 

■Signed  by  James  Deveau,  Alonzo  Godard,  E.  R. 
Skinner,  Robert  H.  Bell,  II.  S.  Commager,  Valentine 
Braun,  S.  B.  Moe,  Wra.  H.  Whitaker,  Wm.  Kraus, 
Salter  Cleveland,  Benj.  F.  Mallett,  Joel  W.  Kelsey, 
Wm.  Baker,  T.  C.  Stewart,  F.  J.  King,  Geo.  A.  Car- 
penter, Ebenezer  Walbridge,  Matthew  Brown,  Samuel 
S.  Read,  Henry  D.  Walbridge,  Almon  Hopkins,  John 
B.  Carson,  Daniel  Segur,  M.  D.  Carrington,  Theo.  B. 
Casey,  James  R.  Strong,  A.  J.  Hand,  Pat.  Murray, 
Lyman  Wheeler,  John  T.  Maher,  Matthias  Boos, 
Louis  Wachenheimer,  F.  J.  Cole,  S.  A.  Raymond, 

*0f  this  call,  the  BJade  said  :  "The  call  in  this 
paper  for  a  public  meeting  at  the  Depot  this  evening, 
to  one  familiar  with  the  names  it  bears,  will  testify 
to  the  universality  of  the  Union  feeUng  here.  Men 
prominent  in  every  walk  of  life,  and  more  or  less 
active  in  each  of  the  political  parties,  have  cheerfully 
and  promptly  pledged  tliemselves  to  stand  by  the 
right.  All  semblance  of  partyism  has  disapjjeared,  and 
everybody  is  ready  to  express  confidence  in,  and 
sympathy  with  the  Administration.  Already  do  we 
hear  of  volunteers  seeking  opportunity  for  enlistment, 
and  should  a  call  be  made,  we  doubt  not  large  num- 
bers could  readily  be  obtained." 


Peter  Lenk,  Uriah  Gregory,  E.  Bivens,Wm.  C.  Cheney, 

D.  C.  Dewey,  P.  H.  O.  Willibrand,  C.  B.  Eells,  Wm.  C. 
Earl,  James  B.  Steedman,  Andrew  Young,  H.  T. 
Smith,  N.  T.  Nash,  H.  D.  Kingsbury,  Alex.  Hender- 
son, Gustavus  Goldsmith,  Jos.  Thomas,  C.  D.  Wood- 
ruff, Christ.  Woebler,  Leman  Kraus,  Jacob  Kraus, 
H.  P.  Piatt,  Jos.  K.  Secor,  David  Ketcham,  Leander 
Biirdick,  Chas.  A.  Moore,  Lewis  C.  Hunt,  Geo.  F. 
Denison,  H.  Stebbins,  H.  W.  Bigelow,  Aug.  Thomas, 
John  Sinclair,  H.  S.  Walbridge,  Horace  Thacher, 
Geo.  Spencer,  Jacob  Landman,  Chas.  O'Hara,  J.  H. 
Kohn,  Clark  Waggoner,  Geo.  True,  E.  M.  Brown, 
Wm.  H.  Atwill,  Patrick  H.  Galloway,  Chas.  T.  Wales, 
M.  H.  Porter,  H.  C.  Nicholas,  E.  T.  JNIortimer,  Henry 
Bennett,  M.  R.  Waite,  Jas.  A.  Boyd,  Paul  Edwards, 
J.  Brown,  J.  H.  Huyck,  G.  R.  Peckman,  W.  A.  Titus, 
R.  W.  Titus,  Jas.  H.  Maples,  John  Brownlee,  F.  H. 
King,  John  P.  Freeman,  Dennis  Coghlin,  Louis  H. 
Pike,  Edward  C.  Smith,  T.  H.  Hoag,  Geo.  Wilder, 
Matthew  Shoemaker,  H.  Espy,  A.  V.  Stebbins,  John 

E.  Hunt,  Thos.  Card,  John  E.  Hunt,  jr.,  Chas.  I.  Scott, 

F.  J.  Klauser,  Jos.  H.  Joyce,  H.  D.  I'ugh,  John  Cum- 
mings,  Geo.  W.  Hart,  I.  N.  Hathaway,  R.  V.  Boice, 
Robert  Cummings,  Chas.  B.  Roff,  Wm.  Rofl',  Robert  W. 
Smith,  Gilbert  Rogers,  jr.,  Wm.  T.  Hall,  Jos.  Coghlin, 
Thos.  Dunlap,  J.  D.  Crennan,  M.  C.  Byrne,  Chas. 
Kent,  Hez.  L.  Hosmer,  James  C.  Hall,  W.  W.  Jones, 
Fred.  A.  Jones,  John  G.  Fulton,  C.  H.  Swain,  A.  G. 
Dooley,  Wm.  H.  Harris,  E.  A.  Thomas,  John  Kauff- 
man,  R.  C.  Daniels,  G.  P.  Crosby,  Tlios.  Howlett,  Jas. 
Love,  Lyman  Parcher,  Samuel  Wagner,  N.  W.  Eddy, 
A.  H.  Hathaway,  Jos.  E.  Marx,  G.  D.  Clafiin,  D.  E. 
Gardner,  C.  M.  Yeager,  Frank  J.  Scott,  T.  Tuey,  John 
Frank  Wallace,  Jos.  Fitzpatrick,  Alex.  Reed,  Chas. 
Pratt,  W.  G.  Powers,  J.  B.  Trembley,  John  M.  Blod- 
gett,  David  Anderson,  John  W.  Fuller,  Paul  Jones, 
E.  D.  Nye,  and  hundreds  of  others. 

lu  pursuance  of  this  call,  an  immense  assem- 
blage of  citizens  gathered  at  the  Union  Depot, 
where  Judge  James  Myers  was  chosen  Presi- 
dent; William  C.  Earl,  Andrew  Young  and 
Henry  S.  Commager  vvere  made  Vice  Presi- 
dents; and  N.  T.  Nash,  Secretary.  As  a  Com- 
mittee on  Eesolutions,  General  Steedman, 
General  C.  W.  Hill,  H.  S.  Commager,  Daniel 
Segur  and  J.  W.  Brown.  Speeches  were  made 
by  General  Steedman,  M.  R.  Waite,  M.  T. 
Brown,  H.  L.  Hosmer,  S.  A.  Raymond,  D.  S. 
Price,  H.  S.  Commager  and  E.  P.  Bassett. 
The  Committee  on  Eesolutions  reported  the 
following,  which  was  unanimously  adojJted  :  — 

Where.\s,  The  Flag  of  our  Country  has  been  fired 
upon  and  struck  down  by  rebels  and  traitors,  who 
avow  their  purpose  to  march  upon  and  capture  the 
Capital  and  overturn  the  Government,  therefore. 

Resolved,  That,  as  citizens,  we  pledge  ourselves  to 
ignore  all  past  party  distinctions,  and  give  our  united 
aid  and  suijport  to  our  Government ;  to  protect  the 


86 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Capital;  maintain  the  Government;  punish  tlie  in- 
sult oftered  our  Flag;  and  restore  peace  and  tran- 
quility to  the  Country. 

Resolved,  That,  in  our  opinion,  the  Legislature  of 
Ohio  ought  to  make  an  appropriation  of  $5,000,000, 
and  provide  for  raising  a  force  of  50,000  troops,  to  aid 
in  sustaining  the  Naticmal  Government. 

rhilharmonic  Hall— Summit  Street— wa.s  at 
once  engaged  for  "  Patriotic  Headquarters." 

The  Blade  of  the  17th  of  April,  said  :  "  Many 
of  our  citizens  are  awaiting  instruction.s  from 
General  Carrington,  Adjutant-General  of  Ohio, 
as  to  the  mode  of  raising  troops.  Persons  re- 
quiring information,  ma}'  call  on    General  C. 

B.  Phillips,  General  J.  B.  Steedman  or  George 
P.  Este."  The  same  paper  of  the  18th,  said : 
'■  The  work  of  enlistment  is  progressing  here 
actively,  and  the  enthusiasm  is  more  general 
and  deeper  than  at  any  former  time."  The 
recruited  men  were  already  drilling  at  Phil- 
harmonic Hall  (the  armor}'). 

The  following  call  ajipeared  April  18,  to  wit: 

YOUNG    AMERICA   TO   THE    RESCUE  ! 

In  all  crises  in  the  World's  history,  certain  respon- 
sibility has  attached  to  Young  JVIen.  To  ascertain  the 
state  of  feeling  existing  among  America's  Youth  in 
this  City,  in  this  hour  of  sadness,  we  propose  a  meet- 
ing to  be  held  at  Stickney  Hall  (248  and  250  Summit 
Street),  this  evening  at  7:00  o'clock.  Let  all  who 
glory  in  the  title  of  "  Young  America,"  turn  out. 

Signed  by  John  L.  Johnston,  Hartwell  Osborn, 
Theodore  Sawyer,  Eli  M.  Ashley,  Orin  S.  Anderson, 
Henry  S.  Waite,  R.  B.  Pratt,  Charles  Scott,  James  A. 
Eaton,  Samuel  R.  Adams,  George  E.  Welles,  George 

C.  Pepper,  Charles  J.  Swift,  T.  H.  Ellison,  William 
Crowell,  William  H,  H.  Smith,  E.  P.  Hopkins,  George 
F.  Hazlott,  A.  M.  BLike,  B.  F.  Card,  Charles  C.  Starr, 
Fred.  W.  Haines,  L.  Goldsmith,  William  Bodley, 
William  Markscheflel,  John  H.  Doyle,  Henry  J. 
Chase,  J.  W.  White,  Carlos  Colton,  J.  Kent  Hamilton, 
John  Henry,  H.  W.  Dodd,  James  W.  Clark,  Foster 
W.  Wilder,  Charles  R.  Messenger,  George  E.  Farley, 

C.  F.  INIeyer,  William  P.  Garret,  J.  C.  Frisbee,  Robert 

D.  Whittlesey,  Theodore  J.  Brown,  Orin  G.  01m- 
stead,  Ralph  H.  Waggoner,  Edwin  Avery,  John  E. 
Eldridge,  H.  J.  Crane,  William  Corlett,  William  Bur- 
wick,  A.  Steele,  Richard  Bodley,  William  H.  Perigo, 
Thomas  Rowsey. 

In  pursuance  of  this  call,  a  large  and  enthu- 
siastic meeting  was  held,  of  which  J.  L.  John- 
ston was  Chairman,  and  Theodore  Sawyer, 
Secretary.  Remarks  were  made  by  Messrs. 
Johnston,  Sawyer,  Blake,  and  others,  and  res- 
olutions adopted  strongly  endorsing  the  Gov- 
ernment. 

The  first   Company   of  Volunteers   for   the 


Union  Army  from  Lucas  County,  was  sworn 
in  on  the  17th.  Sheriif  Henry  D.  Kingsbury, 
George  P.  Este,  E.  P.  Bassett  and  John  A. 
Chase,  each  was  raising  a  Company.  It  was 
expected  that  these  would  be  filled  in  Toledo, 
and  a  Regiment  within  the  Military  District 
in  a  week  from  that  time. 

At  the  regular  meeting  of  the  Toledo  Board 
of  Trade,  April  20th,  it  was  "  resolved,  that  the 
United  States  flag  be  i-aised  over  our  building," 
and  Charles  A.  King  and  Samuel  S.  Read  were 
instructed  to  see  that  it  was  done.  It  was 
done. 

April  19th,  Robt.  H.  Bell,  .Joel  W.  Kelsey  and 
Augustus  Thomas,  committee,  gave  notice  that 
they  had  obtained  from  the  citizens,  contribu- 
tions sufficient  to  defraj'  the  immediate  neces- 
sary contingent  expenses  of  the  Companies 
organizing  at  Toledo.  It  was  then  expected 
by  Governor  Dennison,  that  three  Companies 
from  Toledo  would  be  in  Cleveland  April  24th. 

The  Blade  of  April  20th,  had  at  the  head  of 
its  editorial  columns,  in  large  letters,  the  fol- 
lowing : 

God  bless  our  Native  Land : 
Firm  may  she  ever  stand. 

Through  storm  and  night ! 
When  the  wild  tempests  rave, 
Ruler  of  Wind  and  Wave, 
Do  Thou  our  Country  Save, 

By  Thy  great  might! 

For  her  our  prayers  shall  rise 
To  God  above  the  skies : 

On  Hi.M  we  wait. 
Lord,  hear  our  Nation's  cry ; 
Be  Thou  forever  nigh  : 
May  Freedom  never  die  : 

God  save  the  State  ! 

April  'I'M,  three  Companies  enrolled  at 
Toledo,  were  organized  as  follows  : 

Company  A  (Ander.son  Guards). — Henry  D.  Kings- 
bury, Captain  ;  S.  B.  Moe,  First  Lieutenant ;  Francis 
N.  Marion,  Ensign ;  Sergeants — N.  J.  Doolittle, 
James  H.  Boggis,  J.  W.  White,  Robert  Just ;  Corpor- 
als—Geo.  W.  Reynolds,  Jr.,  B.  F.  Card,  M.  S.  B. 
Truax,  H.  C.  Roemer ;  Drummer — S.  H.  Anderson  ; 
Fifer— A.  L.  Callard.  Privates— S.  R.  Adams,  R.  H. 
Bliven,  H.  W.  Blodgett,  H.  P.  Blake,  Jacob  Brand, 
I.  G.  Butterfield,  Jacob  Beach,  Peter  Bellman,  Ed- 
ward Becker,  David  Brett,  VVm.  Church,  John  E. 
Cobb,  Henry  S.  Commager,  Frank  Y.  Conjinager, 
Luther  H.  Cook,    W'm.  Dustin,   Samuel  H.  Decker, 

P.  W.  Disbrow,  Isaac  D'Isay,    Marshal  Davis, 

Evans,  Archibald  J.  Eyster,  Jas.  F.  ElUott,  Ed.  J. 
Fitield,  Geo.  Duncan  Forsyth,  Allen  W.  Frary,  Geo. 
W.   Freatenborough,    Geo.  Farley,    Geo.   Griswold, 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— HOME    WORK. 


S7 


John  Gates,  Frank  H.  Gill,  Geo.  W.  Gore,  August 
Graft,  Geo.  \V.  Hanies,  John  H.  Hicks,  John  C.  Han- 
son, Edward  Hartman,   Geo.  F.  Hazlett,  Samuel  W. 

Johnston,    June,    Patrick   Kelley,    Calvin  S. 

Kimball,  Fred.  Kerbell.  Ed.  P.  Lacy,  Patrick  Mitch- 
ell, Jas.  Menhcnnick,  Daniel  Mills,  Samuel  Mills, 
Benj.  F.  McCord,  Peter  McC'urdell,  C.  D.  Meyer,  Jas. 
McFadden,  Walter  McCarron,  Samuel  E.  Norton, 
Henry  G.  Neubert,  John  Niehouse,  Daniel  H.  Nye, 
Horace  Odell,  Geo.  H.  Planner,  Daniel  S.  Price,  Ed- 
ward Paine,  Geo.  W.  Rodebaugh,  Isaac  D.  Eiker, 
Fred.  Rougement,  Alpheus  R.  Rogers,  W.  F.  Stopford, 
Thos.  iScott,  Wm.  A.  Snyder,  Edward  Stephan,  C'has. 
H.  Thompson,  Philo  B.  Town,  John  C.  Wuerfel, 
Edward  Williams,  Andrew  J.  Wales,  Geo.  J.  Willis- 
ton,  Albert  V.  Wilder,  Wm.  H.  Wood,  Horace  H. 
Warren,  Alonzo  H.  Wood,  and  Geo.  N.  Young. 

Company  B. — Louis  von  Blessingh,  Captain  ;  John 
A.  Chase,  First  Lieutenant;  Wm.  Schulz,  Ensign; 
Sergeants — Louis  Koeppel,  Henry  Sengmier,  PhiHp 
Breids,  L.  T.  Smidt ;  Corporals — Solomon  Haughton, 
Casper  Peters,  Arthur  Kraft,  Frank  Fleck ;  Drum- 
mer— G.  Milverstedt;  Fifer — Henry  Hermance.  Pri- 
vates— John  Raymer,  John  Brillman.Willard  Kishael, 
Henry  Archer,  Jas.  Ostrander,  Edson  Pratt,  Fine 
Green,  C.  G.  Tilebitsz,  Thos.  Hinds,  Gilbert  Ostrander, 
I.  A.  Ingersoll,  Michael  -Bess,  Aaron  Applegate, 
Aaron  Lawrence,  John  Coon,  Henry  Belknapp,  John 
Wedman,  Fred.  Waiman,  Henry  Bredt,  Reed  Harri- 
son, Wm.  Dustin,  Emil  Rompant,  Anton  Weil,  Con- 
rad Weil,  Louis  Sebastian,  Michael  Keish,  John 
Hosh,  Ferd.  Walz,  Christian  Luishardt,  Carl  Has, 
Fritz  Hobe,  N.  L.  Grow,  Ludwig  Koehler,  Geo.  Die- 
fenseller,  Jerold  Kuebler,  Louis  Roeger,  James  L. 
Bullard,  Matthew  Cnlligan,  James  McBrido,  Cornelius 
O'Callagren,  Matthew  Tooney,  Aaron  La<lsoir,  Chas. 
Maculen,  Franklin  Harwood,  August  Hickenburg, 
Wm.  Bingel,  Christ.  Sohr,  Malvern  McMillan,  Haman 
Johnson,  Jarol  Alery,  Wm.  Cjradolph,  Phil.  Roll, 
Geo.  Hehner,  Jacob  Kramer,  John  Linden,  Wm. 
Neiss,  Anton  Holzmann,  Alex.  Witesgreter,  Ali 
Zimmer,  Chris.  Dittman,  Benedict  Emch,  John 
Doerig,  John  Schickler,  Robert  Hartman,  Jacob 
Smith,  Lewis  Richley,  Henry  Killen,  Jolm  H.  Lieppel, 
John  Ryant,  Thos.  Brown,  John  J.  Clarke,  Lewis 
Noler,  Harrison  C.  Williams,  Christ.  Corson,  Davis 
Kirk,  Henry  Cook,  Nelson  Bordo,  Jas.  Alicky,  Jas. 
Rubar,  Samuel  McDonald,  H.R.Carson,  Benj.  F. 
Duston,  H.  W.  Case,  Michael  Kenney,  Nasson  Edson, 
John  William  Cooper,  John  Cartwright,  Sampson 
Hellrick,  Norris  Heller,  A.  Freeman,  Solomon  Martz, 
John  Van  Orman,  Anton  Himmelsbach. 

CoMc..\NY  K.— Ctco.  W.  Kirk,  Captain;  John  F. 
Wallace,  Fii-st  Lieutenant;  Samuel  Sherman,  Second 
Lieutenant;  Sergeant.s— Wm.  Griflen,  F.  T.  Warner, 
Edward  Dodd,  Wm.  Martin;  Corporals— A.  Shau- 
melofl'el,  E.  C.  Tillotson,  Julius  Hanpel,  L.  Heben- 
thall;  Drummer,  Wm.  Bentel;  Fifer,  J.  McD.  Miller. 
Privates — Jared  W.  Arnold,  Lewis  Angell,  George 
Allen,  Chas.  Backus,  Andrew  Barten,  Jos.  Blumberger, 
Samuel  Bayless,  Wm.  J.  Barkley,  Albert  Burroughs, 


Horace  Benedict,  Chas.  E.  Browne,  Chas.  B.  Betters, 
Jas.  Brown,  Thos.  Byrne,  Christ.  Baum,  Chas.  Beech- 
er,  Jas.  Belts,  Franklin  Brumhoffer,  Morris  Culver, 
Chas.  Cline,  Sylvester  Chesebrough,  Geo.  Crouse, 
Clement  Cochrane,  Robert  Carney,  Anthony  Debry, 
Thos.  Delvin,  Henry  Denick,  Henry  Drago,  IMathias 
Daum,  Fred.  Ersam,  Chas.  French,  Wm.  Fonstihl, 
Fred.  Fobes,  Haskell  Farrer,  Wm.  Ferguson,  An- 
drew Fisher,  Thos.  Graham,  Oscar  Gibson,  Cyrus 
Greeley,  Henry  Gounier,  Seneca  Green,  Simon  Hol- 
landwort,  Henry  Hansen,  Joseph  Hustider,  Abram 
Height,  Geo.  Holloway,  John  Hedsick,  John  Ham- 
ilton, Michael  lieister,  Jasper  Hayden,  Jas.  Hyne, 
Chas.  Huster,  Fred.  Huddlemier,  Geo.  W.  Harding, 
Geo.  Kommor,  Wm.  Kelley,  Conrad  Kale,  Washing- 
ton King,  John  Kline,  Oliver  Lafontaine,  Fred  Lewis, 
Alex.  Marker,  John  W.  Miller,  John  McCarty,  Geo. 
Myers,  Jas.  Pulver,  Simon  Pemberton,  Francis  Perry, 
Lewis  Pipenger,  DeAVitt  C.  Rogers,  Franklin  Rhoad, 
Eli  Roberdo,  Michael  Russell,  Jos.  Sudborough,  Wm. 
Souls,  Benj.  F.  Sherman,  Gustavus  Seminier,  Jacob 
Steel,  IMichael  Schamboserger,  John  Sour,  Conrad 
Silling,  Samuel  Seaman,  Geo.  Smith,  Israel  Timmer, 
Walter  A.  Titus,  AUis  Thomas,  Jos.  A.  Nasner,  My- 
ron Weaver,  Truman  Wheeler,  Josiah  Walker,  Thos. 
Wakely,  Jas.  Wadman,  Jas.  Wickham,  Ruel  Wet- 
more,  Patrick  Welch,  John  Wagner,  John  Welles, 
and  Simon  Waldman. 

The  Blade  of  April  22d,  had  a  letter  from 
"A.  E.,"  a  colored  citizen,  expressing  his  own 
desire  and  that  of  his  race  generally,  to  be  per- 
mitted to  contribute  toVard  the  defense  of  the 
CTOvernment.  After  citing  a  law  of  Congress, 
prohibiting  the  employment  of  a  colored  man 
in  any  military  capacity  whatever,  he  said  : 
"  I  for  one,  have  offered  my  services  to  a  few 
of  the  oflScers  of  the  Companies  being  formed 
here,  as  I  wisli  to  make  myself  useful  as  cook, 
waiter  or  in  any  other  way,  so  I  may  have  a 
hand  in  putting  down  the  enemies  of  the  Gov- 
ernment." The  patriotic  citizen  making  that 
noble  offer,  little  thought  at  the  time,  tliat  the 
Slave-holding  power,  in  whose  behalf  his  race 
were  excluded  from  military  service,  would 
persist  in  its  madness,  until  the  Government, 
for  sheer  self-preservation,  should  be  compelled 
to  repeal  its  prohibitorj'  law  and  appeal  to  his 
race  to  take  their  place  as  equals  of  the 
oflScers  whose  menial  service  was  the  most  he 
expected  to  be  permitted  to  do  for  the  Govern- 
ment who  had  thus  degraded  him  and  his  I'ace. 
It  is  just  cause  for  regret,  that  the  name  of  this 
patriotic  colored  citizen  cannot  be  given  here. 

April  24,  1861,  Colonel  J.  B.  Steedman,  com- 
manding, issued  his  order  for  the  "Northwes- 
tern   Ohio   Eegiment "    to   proceed    the    next 


s« 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


morning  for  rendezvous  at  Cleveland,  D.  H. 
Nye  being  detailed  as  Quartermaster.  At  7 
A.  M  ,  the  Companies  were  to  form  on  Magnolia 
and  Superior  streets,  as  follows:  1.  Toledo 
Guards,  Captain  Kingsbury',  97  men.  2.  Toledo 
Company,  Captain  Este,  124  men.  3.  Bryan 
Company,  Captain  Fisher,  115  men.  4.  Defi- 
ance Company,  Captain  Sprague,  103  men. 
5.  Stryker  Company,  Captain  E.  D.  Bradley, 
123  men.  6.  Napoleon  Company^,  Captain 
Crawford,  125  men.  7.  Antwerp  Company, 
Captain  Snook,  97  men.  8.  Wauseon  Company, 
Captain  Barber,  IIU  men.  9.  Waterville  Com- 
pany, Captain  Dodd,  102  men.  10.  Toledo 
Company,  Captain  Kirk,  114  men.  Total,  1,116 
men.  General  Chas.  W.  Hill  acted  as  Adjutant 
pro  tem.,  assisted  by  General  C.  B.  Phillips 
and  Lieutenant  J.  W.  Fuller.  The  foregoing 
order  was  carried  out.  The  Blade  said  of  the 
occasion :  "  Never  has  our  City  experienced 
siich  a  day  as  the  present.  At  early  dawn,  the 
people  fi'om  the  country  began  to  arrive  in 
immense  crowds,  and  the  firing  of  cannon 
aroused  our  own  citizens  from  their  slumbers, 
and  by  9  o'clock  there  must  have  been  10,000 
peojjle  on  the  streets.  At  the  Eailroad  depot 
the  scene  was  truly  grand.  The  crowd  filled 
the  entire  space  devoted  to  passenger  trains ; 
but  after  energetic  effort  by  the  police,  a  pas- 
was  made   and   the    troojis,  in   sections, 


marched  to  the  cars.  The  Eegiment  numbered 
1,058  men,  all  told,  composed  mainly  of  young 
men.  At  8  a.  m.  religious  services  had  been 
conducted  on  the  parade  ground  by  Eev.  H.  B, 
Walbridge,  of  Trinity  Episcopal  Church.  Much 
disappointment  was  felt  by  the  Waynesfield 
Guards,  Lieutenant  E.  B.  Mitchell,  commanding, 
that  the  offer  of  that  Company  had  not  been  ac- 
cepted by  the  President."  At  Cleveland,  Eegi- 
mental  officers  were  chosen,  as  follows  :  Colonel, 
J.  B.  Steedman ;  Lieutenant-Colonel,  Geo.  P. 
Este ;  Major,  Paul  Edwards.  Geo.  W.  Kirk 
succeeded  Captain  Edwards,  in  command  of 
his  Company,  as  did  Lieutenant  von  Blessiugh 
Captain  Este.  Upon  organization  at  Camp 
Taylor,  Cleveland,  the  Northwestern  Eegiment 
became  the  "  Fourteenth  Ohio."  It  left  Camp 
for  Marietta,  via  Columbus,  May  22d,  where 
they  arrived  on  the  24th.* 

The  German  Eifles  (Yeager's),  Toledo;  the 
Waynesfield  Guards,  Maumee;  and  one  Com- 

■■•The  history  of  this  Regiment  is  given  more  fully 
elsewhere. 


imny  each  from  Delta,  Fulton  County,  Bryan 
and  Defiance,  were  not  accepted,  for  the  reason 
that  the  Eegiment  was  full. 

April  29th,  a  neat  flag,  made  by  Scholars  in 
the  Toledo  Public  Schools,  was  raised  on  the 
flag-staff  of  the  High  School  building,  in  the 
presence  of  1,000  Scholars.  On  motion  of 
Judge  Potter,  Judge  James  Myers  was  made 
Chairman,  when  prayer  was  offered  by  Eev. 
Wm.  W.  Williams.  After  singing,  addresses 
were  made  by  Moses  T.  Brown,  Superintendent 
Public  Schools,  and  Messrs.  W.  A.  C.  Converse, 
Fred.  B.  Dodge,  E.  W.  Dickerson,  and  B.  W.  E. 
Koch,    Teachers.      An    original    ode* — "Live 

*  Mr.  Hasty's  production  was  as  follows : 

LIVE,   LIBERTY! 
To  arms !  to  arms  V   For  yonder  come  the  foe ! 
To  arms  !  to  arms !  the  battle-trumpets  blow. 
The  tramp  of  Rebel  hosts  is  heard 

On  every  Southern  plain  : 
Old  Massachusetts  draws  her  sword 
For  Lexington,  again. 
Then  rise,  ye  sons  of  noble  sires ; 
Defend  your  altars  and  your  fires, 
And  lay  the  traitors  low. 

CViorKS— Live,  Freedom,  live ! 
Liberty  forever ! 
Union  shall  with  Freedom  live. 
Despotism,  never— 
No,  no,  KG ! 

The  die  is  cast.    See  Sumpter's  battered  wall. 
To  arms !  to  arms  !    Must  our  dear  country  fall  ? 
Shall  bloody  brigands  pitch  their  tents 

Beside  Mt.  Vernon's  grave? 
Shall  Rjittlesnakes  and  Pelicans 
Above  our  Cities  wave? 
Shall  Liberty  herself  be  slain  ? 
Must  we  put  on  a  Southern  chain  ? 
It  never  shall  be  so. 

Chorus— hive.  Freedom,  live,  etc. 

True  blood  Howed  where  Anderson's  brave  men 
Were  starved  and  wasted  in  their  fortress  pen. 
Around,  ten  thousand  yelling  fiends, 

Their  murderous  cannon  ply ; 
Within,  Columbia's  noblest  sons, 
Half-smothered,  bleed  and  die. 
But  every  purple  drop  that  fell, 
Shall  fertilize  its  dusty  cell, 

And  to  an  Army  grow. 

Chonts — Live,  Freedom,  live,  etc. 

Through  every  State,  from  Oregon  to  Maine, 
The  shriek  of  Liberty  resounds  again  ; 
And  every  party,  creed  and  clan. 

Dissolving  into  one, 
Tlirow  paiit  dissensions  to  the  winds, 
And  to  the  rescue  run : 
For  we  wiU  raise  that  Flag  again 
Crush  out  the  Rebels— break  their  chain. 
Or  fall  before  the  foe. 

CTiorus— Live,  Freedom,  live,  etc. 
Sylv.\;jia,  Ohio,  April  '25,  1861. 

The  impressive  reading  of  the  above  by  Mr.  Brown 
made  some  parts  of  it  truly  electrical  with  the  vast 
audience. 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— HOME  WORK. 


89 


Liberty  " — written  by  Emerson  E.  Hasty,  a 
graduate  of  the  Toledo  High  School,  was  i-ead 
by  Mr.  M.  T.  Brown,  when  the  exercises  closed 
with  singing  "  The  Star  Spangled  Banner." 

May  6th,  J.  W.  Kelsey  and  J.  T.  Maher,  Sub- 
Committee,  gave  notice,  that  they  could  be 
found  every  Satiirdaj-,  from  9  till  12  m.,  at  the 
Hanks  building,  Cherry  street,  with  supplies 
for  Soldiers'  families. 

The  first  Company  of  Militia  of  Eeserve  or 
Home  Guards,  Toledo,  was  organized  by  the 
election  of  officers,  as  follows :  Captain,  Chas. 
W.  Hill;  First  Lieutenant,  John  W.  Fuller; 
Second  Lieutenant,  John  C.  Gavin  ;  Sergeants — 
Richard  Waite,  Victor  Keen,  A.  G.  Dooley, 
W.  A.  Collins,  Geo.  True;  Corporals— John  B. 
Lounsbury,  A.  W.  Gleason,  Alex.  Reed,  E.  W. 
E.  Koch,  D.  E.  Austin,  Eobert  I).  Whittlesey, 
Carlos  Colton,  M.  W.  Day;  with  80  privates. 
It  took  the  name  of  Toledo  Citizens'  Corps. 

April  27th,  a  Company  arrived  at  Toledo 
from  Perrysburg,  of  which  Asher  Cook  was 
the  Captain,  Arnold  McMahon,  First  Lieuten- 
ant, and  L.  B.  Blinn,  Second  Lieutenant.  The 
Worth  Guards,  of  Gilead,  Wood  Count}',  109 
strong.  Captain  O.  C.  Carr,  First  Lieutenant 
J.  J.  Vorhes,  and  Second  Lieutenant  J.  E.  Mc- 
Gowan,  arrived  same  day.  Over  $1,000  was 
raised  in  two  hours  at  Gilead,  for  the  benefit  of 
the  Guards  and  their  families. 

The  Toledo  Zouave  Cadets,  with  65  members, 
organized  May  27,  1861,  as  follows : 

Captain,  Hamilton  C.  Colton ;  First  Lieutenant, 
Chas.  N.  Stevens ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Jno.  A.  Waite ; 
Third  Lieutenant,  Chas.  B.  Scott;  Sergeants — Wm. 
E.  Parmelee,  Jr.,  W.  Hunt  Walbridge,  J.  Scott,  Chas. 
L.  Brooks,  C.  W.  Breed  ;  Corporals — Chas.  J.  Swift, 
Ralph  Osborn,  F.  B.  Sboeroaker,  A.  W.  Hunker. 
Privates— E.  D.  Potter,  Jr.,  Orlin  S.  Hayes,  John  J. 
HuuktT,  K.  D.  Barker,  W.  E.  Lawton,  Geo.  C.  Pepper, 
A.  E.  Scott,  B.  J.  Wheeler,  Wm.  H.  Boos,  B.  AVood- 
worth,  E.  M.  Hamilton,  S.  L.  Frazer,  Wm.  P.  Gard- 
ner, John  M.  McKee,  Allen  H.  Forsyth,  0.  T.  Wil- 
liams, Theo.  J.  Curtis,  Thos.  Southard,  Wm.  Murphy, 
G.  Baker,  Geo.  Lilliland,  C.  Fisk,  W.  Calvert,  J. 
Thomas,  W.  J.  Chase,  Wni.  Kief,  W.  Dodd,  Wm.  W. 
Backus,  C.  Thomas,  H.  Clark,  H.  Burr,  J.  Murjihy, 
Geo.  Haskell,  F.  T.  Lane,  Levi  Lownsbury,  John  W. 
Fitch,  Chas.  Scott,  F.  Wilder,  Wm.  Crowell,  Henry 
S.  Waite,  J.  Hail,  Chas.  Bond,  E.  Willey,  Fred  Ham- 
lin, Jos.  Beeley,  Geo.  Hazlett,  H.Gavin,  A.  Brow- n, 
W.  Vorace,  J.  Allen,  Burton  Taylor,  J.  E.  Eldridge. 

The  following  officers  composed  the  staff  of 
Brig.-General  Charles  W.  Hill,  First  Brigade, 
First  Division  of  Ohio  troops,  in  three-months' 


service,  under  act  of  May  8,  1861 :  Lieuten- 
aot-Colonel  John  W.  Fuller,  Assistant  Adju- 
tant General ;  Major  Charles  C.  Walcutt,  Bri- 
gade Inspector  ;  Major  John  B.  Frothingham, 
Aide  to  Commander-in-Chief,  detailed  as 
Brigade  Engineer ;  Major  William  A.  Collins, 
Judge  Advocate ;  Captains  Reuben  E.  Cham- 
pion and  A.  W.  Hull.  Aides-de-Camp. 

The  Third  Wisconsin  Regiment  passed 
through  Toledo  July  13,  1861.  It  was  com- 
manded by  Colonel  C.  S.  Hamilton.  The  men 
were  supplied  with  refreshments  by  the  ladies 
of  the  City,  for  which  Governor  Eandall,  of 
that  State,  telegraphed  his  thanks.  On  the 
15th,  the  Fourth  Wisconsin  Eegiment,  Colonel 
H.  E.  Paine,  reached  Toledo,  and  were  met  at 
the  depot  by  30  ladies,  who,  with  baskets  of 
wholesome  food,  passed  along  the  line  and 
dealt  out  the  same  to  the  hungry  troops.  John 
D.  Campbell,  Superintendent  of  the  Michigan 
Southern  Eailroad,  supplied  coffee  from  the 
Island  House  for  the  Soldiers.  The  Fifth  Wis- 
consin, Colonel  Amasa  Cobb,  passed  Toledo 
July  25th,  when,  as  in  the  cases  of  the  Tliird 
and  Fourth  Eegiments,  the  men  were  provided 
by  Toledo  ladies  with  an  ample  supply  of  food. 

The  following  rates  were  paid  for  rations  bj' 
the  State  in  July,  1861  ;  At  Cleveland,  $13.70 
per  100;  at  Wooster  and  Warren,  $13.85;  at 
Toledo,  §13.90.  Army  daily  rations  were  then 
as  follows :  20  oz.  fresh  and  salt  beef,  or  12  oz. 
pork ;  18  oz.  soft  bread  or  flour,  or  12  oz.  hard 
bread  ;  2h  oz.  beans,  or  1  3-5  oz.  rice ;  1  5-6  oz. 
sugar;  1  oz.  ground  coffee;  J  gill  of  vinegar; 
\  oz.  candles;   |  oz.  soap;  \  oz.  salt. 

A  meeting  of  citizens  of  Toledo  was  held 
Sept.  1,  1861,  to  devise  ways  and  means  for  the 
relief  of  families  of  soldiers,  of  which  Clark 
Waggoner  was  Chairman,  and  Warren  Eussell 
Secretary.  The  chair  appointed  Wm.  Kraus, 
C.  A.  King  and  C.  B.  Phillips  a  couimittee"  to 
wait  upon  the  City  Council  and  ascertain  wliat 
that  body  could  do  in  the  premises,  and  also 
appointed  M.  E.  Waite,  F.  A.  Jones  and  Charles 
Pratt  a  committee  to  confer  on  the  same  sub- 
ject with  the  County  authorities. 

In  October,  1861,  Military  Districts  were  es- 
tablished in  Ohio  corresponding  to  the  Con- 
gressional Districts,  with  a  Military  Committee 
for  each,  whose  duty  it  was  to  look  after  the 
work  of  recruiting  and  otherwise  co-operate 
with  the  Governor.  Such  Committee  for  the 
5th  District  was  as  follows:    Francis  Holleu- 


90 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


beck.  Wood  Co.;  A.  Sanky  Latty,  Defiance ; 
Richard  -Mott,  Lucas;  S.  W.  Norris,  Williams; 
Dr.  K.  K.  Scott,  Henry;  John  H.  Palmer, 
Hancock;  Joseph  Cable,  Paulding. 

Special  arrangements  were  made  for  caring 
for  the  savings  of  Ohio  Soldiers  when  paid  off 
in  tlie  field,  which  worked  well.  Capt.  Jona- 
than Brown,  Co.  K,  25th  Eegimcnt,  in  Octo- 
ber, 18tJl,  brought  ?15,000  from  that  command, 
of  which  S1,8(IU  came  to  Toledo.  At  the  same 
time  a  Cincinnati  Regiment  sent  $14,000. 

The  Military  Committee  for  the  9th  District, 
Oct.  11,  ISUl,  ajipointed  the  following  County 
Committees : 

Ottawa— W.  L.  Cole,  E.  P.  Reynolds,  R.  Devereaux, 
J.  Lattimore,  John  Ryder.  Sandusky — La  Q.  Rawson, 
James  Justice,  C.  0.  Tillotson,  C.  Doncyson,  Isaac 
Knapji.  Hardin — Henry  G.  Harris,  Edward  Stellings, 
Thos.  Roufih,  Benjamin  R.  Bronson,  Wm.  Shrader. 
Wyandot— H.  S.  Hunt,  John  Berry,  Jona.  Maffott, 
Michael  Moran,  Alex.  Brinkerlioff.  Crmrford — Josiah 
S.  Plants,  S.  R.  Harris,  C.  Elliott,  Ro))ert  Lee,  H.  C. 
Carhart.  Seneca — Leander  Stem,  John  J.  Steiner, 
J.  M.  Zahm,  G.  M.  Ogden,  Chas.  Foster.  Lucas — 
R.  C.  Lemmon,  Moses  T.  Brown,  W.  W.  Howe,  John 
T.  Maher,  and  Guido  Marx,  of  Toledo  ;  Foster  R. 
Warren,  of  Sylvania  ;  Jas.  M.  Brigham,  of  Waterville  ; 
Dr.  W.  A.  Scott,  of  Pwanton;  and  Geo.  W.  Reynolds, 
of  Maumee. 

October  2G,  1861,  the  Toledo  Bar  gave  Col- 
onel J.  A.  Mulligan,  the  hero  of  Springfield, 
Mo.,  a  public  reception  at  White's  Hall,  and  a 
supjier  at  the  Oliver  House. 

The  Toledo  Zouave  Cadets  elected  the  fol- 
lowing officers,  October  7,  1861,  to  wit: 

Captain.  Hamilton  Colton  ;  Fir.st  Lieutenant,  Wm. 
E.  Parmelee,  Jr.;  Seeonrl  Lieutenant,  Chas.  B.  Scott; 
Third  Lieutenant,  Henry  S.  Waite  ;  Sergeants — Chas. 
N.  Stevens,  Theo.  J.  Curtis,  Wm.  W.  Bolles,  Wm.  H. 
Perigo,  Fred.  B.  Shoemaker.  Corporals— Charles 
Scott,  Walter  J.  Chase,  Chas.  J.  Swift,  Wm.  Keif, 
Geo.  W.  Haskell,  Wm.  Murphy,  Wm.  W.  Backus, 
Andrew  H.  Hunker. 

The  Military  Committee  for  the  District  met 
at  Toledo,  July  23,  1862,  with  the  following 
members  present : 

Lucas  Omntij—'F.  R.  Warren,  W.  A.  Scott,  John  T. 
Maher,  W.  W.  Howe,  J.  M.  Brigham,  A.  L.  Backus, 
Geo.  W.  Reynolds,  H.  C.  Lemmon.  Sandusky  County- 
La.  Q.  Rawson,  C.  0.  Tillotson,  Jas.  Justice.  Wood 
County— Geo.  Laskey,  J.  E.  McGowan,  B.  W.  Johnson, 
John  Norris,  H.  H.  Dodge.  Williams  Co^mly— James 
Beery,  J.  S.  Cannan,  1.  R.  Sherwood,  B.  H.  Fisher, 
S.  E.  Blakeslee.  Fvlton  County —  Jos.  H.  Miller,  D. 
W.  H.  Howard,  N.  Merrill,  0.  B.  Verity,  O.  Waters. 


Henry  County — J.  H.  Tyler,  Lorenzo  Higby.  Defiance 
Couniy—Fm\siy  Strong,  J.  P.  Buflington.  Ottawa 
County — W.  L.  Cole.     Paulding  County — S.  R.  Brown. 

Among  the  proceedings  of  the  Committee 
was  the  recommendation  of  officers  for  the 
100th  Ohio  Eegiment,  as  follows  ;  Colonel,  Wm. 
E.  Haynes,  of  Fremont,  then  (Captain  in  8th 
Ohio;  Lieutenant-Colonel,  P.  S.  Slevin,  of 
Perrysburg  ;  Major,  E.  L.  Hayes,  of  Wauseon, 
then  Captain  44th  Illinois;  Surgeon,  Dr.  W.  A. 
Scott,  Lucas  County  ;  Assistant  Surgeon,  Dr, 
O.  C.  Pier,  Napoleon  ;  Quartermaster,  David 
R,  Austin,  Toledo;  Chaplain,  Eev.  Mr.  Grittin, 
Port  Clinton. 

The  Lucas  County  Committee,  August  9, 
1861,  recommended  J.  W.  Smith  for  appoint- 
ment as  Captain  ;  Horace  H,  Warren  and 
Patrick  H.  Dowling  as  First  Lieutenants,  and 
John  H.  Haverlj'  as  Second  Lieutenant  in  the 
100th  Eegiment.  The  last  named,  then  a 
resident  of  Toledo,  has  since  attained  special 
prominence  as  manager  and  proprietor  of  lead- 
ing Theatrical  and  Opera  enterprises  in  differ- 
ent Cities.  He  was  not  appointed  as  Lieutenant. 

The  Governor  appointed  John  C.  Groom,  of 
Columbus,  Colonel  of  the  100th  Eegiment, 
which  left  Toledo,  September  8th.  The  fol- 
lowing were  the  non-commissioned  staff:  Ser- 
geant-Major,  Norman  Waite  ;  Quartermaster- 
Sergeant,  JohnW.  Polk;  Commissarj'-Sergeant, 
Henry  W.  Titus ;  Principal  Musician,  Jacob 
Marts  ;  Hospital  Steward,  Jos.  Orno. 

During  the  rebellion,  the  Blade  office  was  at 
No.  150  Summit  Street.  On  the  top  of  the 
building  was  a  flag-staff,  on  which,  as  occasion 
suggested,  the  stars  and  stripes  apjieared.  In 
times  of  special  interest,  and  particularly  when 
important  war  news  was  expected,  that  signal 
was  looked  for  with  deepest  solicitude,  since 
its  appearance  came  to  be  accepted  as  indica- 
ting the  receipt  of  "  good  news  "  (though  not 
always  the  most  reliable  news,  since  misleading 
or  partial  reports  sometimes  came).  On  Mon- 
day, February  17,  1862,  under  the  heading, 
"Our  Flag  is  There,"  the  Blade  said:  "Through- 
out the  day,  Saturday,  and  until  10  this  A.  M., 
the  Blade's  flag-staff  was  watched  by  eager 
and  longing  eyes  for  the  stars  and  stripes,  the 
unfurling  of  which,  it  was  ardently  hoped, 
would  signal  a  triumph  at  Fort  Donelson. 
Few  persons  iu  the  neighborhood  of  the  office 
stepped  into  the  street  without  giving  an  anx- 
ious glance  toward  that  center  of  general  inter- 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— HOME   WORK. 


91 


est,  aud  many  a  one  often  stepped  to  the  near- 
est window,  in  hope  to  see  the  glorious  old 
banner  unfurled.  About  the  hour  named, 
longing  eyes  and  anxious  hearts  were  made 
glad  by  the  appearance  of  the  much  sought 
banner;  and  then  the  tide  set  in  strongly  for 
the  Blade  office,  to  obtain  '  the  particulars.' 
Such  a  joyous  crowd  as  soon  gathered  there, 
has  not  been  seen  in  Toledo  since  the  morning 
of  the  22d  of  July  last,  when  the  first  install- 
ment of  the  Bull  Run  news  was  received.  (May 
the  second  installment  of  Donelson  be  different 
from  that  of  Bull  Run.)  Joy  now  beams  from 
every  eye,  and  many  a  '  Thank  the  Lord  !  '  has 
found  utterance  from  grateful  hearts.  Imme- 
diately following  the  Blade's  flag,  the  stars  and 
stripes  were  flung  to  the  breeze  from  the  Cus- 
tom House,  the  Board  of  Trade  Rooms,  the 
High  School  building,  and  other  ])laces  in  the 
City." 

The  18th  Michigan  Regiment  passed  through 
Toledo,  September  4,  1862,  for  Kentuckj-.  It 
contained  1,010  men,  raised  principally  in 
Lenawee  and  Hillsdale  Counties.  The  follow- 
ing were  the  field  officers:  Colonel,  Charles 
C.  Doolittle;  Lieutenant-Colonel,  Geo.  Spald- 
ing; Major,  John  W.  Horner;  Adjutant, 
A.  J.  Finch  ;  Quartermaster,  Jas.  W.  Pratt.; 
Surgeon,  Simeon  P.  Root;  Asst.  Surgeon, 
A.  "Woodward.  Edwin  W.  Hulburd  of  Hud- 
son, and  subsequeiutly  of  Toledo,  where  he  died, 
was  Captain  of  Company  A  in  this  Regiment. 
At  the  depot,  Henry  Waldron  of  Hillsdale, 
presented  the  command  a  fine  flag.  Colonel 
Doolittle,  subsequentlj'  promoted,  is  now  (1887) 
and  for  14  years  has  been.  Cashier  of  the  Mer- 
chants National  Bank  of  Toledo. 

The  following  Surgeons,  to  superintend  draft- 
ing, were  appointed  in  August,  1862:  Leman 
Galpin,  Milan  ;  Wm.  Ramse}-,  Fulton  Co.  ; 
Wm.  Crawford,  Henry;  W.  W.  Jones,  Toledo  ; 
Jas.  W.  Wilson,  Fremont;  R.  McD.  Gibson, 
Seneca  Co.;  G.  W.  Finch,  Williams;  H.  A. 
Hamilton,  Perrysburg. 

July  15,  1862,  the  Military  Con^mittee  rec- 
ommended officers  of  two  Companies  to  be 
raised  in  Lucas  County,  as  follows:  First — 
P.  Hoffman,  Captain  ;  D.  F.  Waltz,  First  Lieu- 
tenant; J.  E.  Greiner,  Second  Lieutenant. 
Second— W.  W.  Hunt,  Captain  ;  E.  E.  Stew- 
art, First  Lieutenant;  A.  J.  Wales,  Second 
Lieutenant.  August  13th,  the  same  Commit, 
tee  agreed  upon  the  following  appointments  : 


For  Captain — Martin  O'Neil ;  First  Lieuten- 
ant— J.  J.  Sullivan ;  Second  Lieutenants — 
Thos.  Ward,  Louis  Reiser,  Paris  H.  Pray,  Geo. 
W.  Arnold,  Martin  Stryker,  J  G.  Manor,  W. 
J.  Halloway,  H.  N.  Cole,  J.  Kent  Hamilton, 
Louis  H.  Pike,  Henry  T.  Bissoll,  Fred.  A. 
Jones,  Thos.  Cherry,  Reuben  Hall,  Jacob  Gel- 
zer,  John  W.  Kerr.  Dr.  W.  W.  Jones  was 
recommended  as  Examining  Surgeon  of  re- 
cruits; R.  C.  Lemmon  as  Military  Commis- 
sioner; and  W.  A.  Collins  as  Provost  Marshal 
for  the  County. 

Upon  receipt  of  news  of  the  battle  of  Pitts- 
burg Landing,  and  of  need  of  additional  surgi- 
cal service,  several  Toledo  practitioners  ten- 
dered their  services  to  Governor  Tod.  who 
accepted  the  same,  when  Dr.  Chas.  Cochran, 
Oscar  White,  S.  S.  Thorn,  L.  A.  Brewer,  and 
J.  G.  Nolan  left  for  Columbus,  whence  two 
(Drs.  Cochran  and  Thorn),  proceeded  to  Pitts- 
burg Landing. 

The  Assessors  of  the  several  Townships  in 
Lucas  County,  made  returns  in  August,  1862, 
showing  the  following  results  :  Number  men 
in  three-year  service,  1,466;  number  in  three- 
month  service,  84;  number  discharged,  54; 
"  Skedaddlers,"  13;  deserters,  6;  number  then 
liable  to  draft,  4,266 ;  total  enrollment,  5,889. 
The  Assessor  for  the  Second  Ward,  Maumce 
City,  found  in  it  62  persons  liable  to  Military 
duty,  of  whom  31— just  one-half — were  already 
in  the  Union  Army. 

A  public  meeting  was  held  in  Toledo,  July 
14,  1862,  for  the  promotion  of  enlistments  in 
the  Army,  and  especially  to  fill  two  Conijianies 
then  assigned  to  Lucas  County.  M.  R.  Waite 
was  made  Chairman,  and  Josiah  Riley,  Secre- 
tary. R.  C.  Lemmon  explained  the  object  of 
the  meeting,  when  Richard  Molt,  Wm.  Baker, 
Wm.  Kraus,  M.  R.  Waite,  and  A.  L.  Backus, 
were  appointed  a  Committee  to  raise  funds  for 
the  object  named.  Alex.  Reed  was  appointed 
to  arrange  for  speakers  for  meetings  to  be  held 
for  the  same  purpose.  The  meeting  was  ad- 
dressed by  M.  R.  Waite,  R.  C.  Lemmon,  A.  L. 
Backus,  Wm.  Kraus.  Dr.  W.  W.  Jones,  S.  A. 
Raymond,  Chas.  Pratt,  Octavius  Waters  of 
Fulton  County,  A.M.  Pratt  of  Williams  County, 
and  N.  Reeve  of  Detroit. 

A  very  large  "War  Meeting"  was  held  in 
Clinton  Park,  Toledo,  August  1,  1862.  Most 
of  the  stores  and  shops  in  the  City  were  closed. 
The   officers   were:     President,   M.R.  Waite; 


92 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Marshal,  General  Jos.  W.  Brown;  Assistant 
Marshals,  Captain  Geo.  \V.  Merrill  and  dap- 
tain  E.  S.  Piatt;  Committee  in  Charge,  E.  B. 
Bronson,  R.  C.  Lemmon,W.W.  Howe,  John  P. 
Freeman,  J.  W.  Walterhouse.  Addresses  were 
delivered  by  F.  T.  Backus  and  H.  B.  Payne 
(now  United  States  Senator),  of  Cleveland. 
Fully  4,000  persons  were  present. 

The  young  ladies  of  Toledo,  in  June,  1862, 
forwarded  to  Battery  H,  First  Ohio  Artillery, 
two  flags — one  for  the  Battery,  and  one  for 
Division  C  of  the  same.  The  staff  of  one  of 
them  was  of  black  walnut  and  was  taken  from 
a  Georgia  Regiment  by  the  14th  Ohio,  while 
in  the  three-months  service. 

September  10,  1862,  Governor  Tod  called  for 
volunteer  Minute  Men  for  the  protection  of  the 
Southern  border  of  the  State,  when  an  ample 
force  at  once  was  furnished,  who  proceeded  to 
Cincinnati,  whence  many  of  tliem  were  ordered 
into  Keutuck}',  serving  the  purpose  sougiit  in 
holding  in  check  Eebel  advances.  So  prompt 
was  the  response  to  this  call,  that  only  three 
days  later  (Sept.  13),  the  Governor  telegraphed 
"  No  more  troops  are  requii-ed  at  Cincinnati." 
Under  call  of  the  Militarj-  Committee,  a  meet- 
ing was  held  at  Toledo,  September  10,  which 
was  called  to  oi-der  by  C.  D.  Woodruff,  and 
presided  over  by  Mayor  Manor,  with  Henry 
Merrill  as  Secretary.  As  a  result,  two  Com- 
panies of  50  men  each  were  raised  on  the  spot, 
and  officers  elected  as  follows:  Co.  A — Cap- 
tain Worts;  First  Lieutenant,  John  Garner; 
Second  Lieutenant,  Ed.  AverJ^  Co.  B — Captain, 
E.  B.  Hall ;  Lieutenant,  R.  C.  Lemmon.  The 
Toledo  forces  returned  September  19th,  when 
appeared  a  card  of  thanks  of  Co.  A,  First  Reg- 
iment Ohio  Rifles,  Captain  E.  B.  Hall,  L.  H. 
Pike,  F.  A.  Jones  and  Frank  J.  Scott,  Commit- 
tee, for  attentions  shown  them  b}-  the  ladies  of 
Covington  and  Dayton.  These  troops,  from 
their  peculiar,  and  especially  their  brief  service, 
were  known  as  "Squirrel  Hunters." 

In  May,  186H,  Adjutant-General  C.  W.  Hill 
was  in  Toledo,  and  then  presented  to  such  vol- 
unteers as  were  present,  the  Governor's  dis- 
charge. The  diploma  was  neatly  engraved. 
On  the  upper  right-hand  corner  was  a  likeness 
of  the  Governor;  on  the  opposite  corner  one 
of  Major  McDowell ;  on  the  right  lower  corner 
a  Squirrel  Hunter,  gun  in  hand,  and  knapsack 
on  his  back;  opposite,  on  the  left,  a  broken 
tree,  in  which  sat  a  squirrel,  inspecting  the  in- 


terior of  a  nut;  in  the  center,  the  seal  of  the 
United  States;  underneath,  that  of  Ohio,  and 
in  the  center  of  all,  the  Governor's  certificate.* 
The  total  number  of  "  Squirrel  Hunters  "  in 
the  State  was  11,534. 

In  August,  1862,  the  following  Army  Sur- 
geons were  appointed  :  Geo.  Cornell,  Milan  ; 
T.  M.  Cooke,  Monroeville;  Geo.  A.  Collamore, 
Toledo;  J.  T.  Woods,  Hancock  County;  Dr. 
L.  A.  Brewer,  Toledo.  Assistant  Surgeons — 
Walter  Caswell,  Castalia;  F.  C.  Connelly, 
Vermillion;  J  W.  Miner,  Edgerton ;  W.  H. 
Thacher,  Defiance:  JohnW.  Goodson,  Bellevue. 


The  darkest  period  of  the  Union  cause,  in 
the  progress  of  the  War,  was  that  commenc- 
ing in  the  Summer  of  1862  and  extending 
to  July,  1863.  The  serious  disappointments  of 
the  campaign  of  1862,  had  operated  both  to 
moderate  the  zeal  of  many  lo3al  men  at  the 
North,  and  to  strengthen  and  embolden  those 
in  sympathy  with  the  Rebels.  The  effects  of 
this  state  of  things  were  clearly  shown  in  the 
Fall  elections  of  that  year,  when  the  opponents 
of  the  War  policy  of  the  Government  made 
unexpected  gains  in  most  of  the  Northern 
States,  and  greatly  strengthened  their  force  in 
Congress.  This  was  specially  true  of  Ohio, 
where  the  Union  majority  of  55,203  on  Gov- 
ernor in  1861,  was  changed  to  a  minority  of 
4,870  in  1862.  So  geuei-al  was  this  indication 
of  a  reverse  in  popular  sentiment  at  the  North, 
that  the  soldiers  in  the  field  came  to  be  solici- 
tous as  to  its  extent,  and  sought  to  ascertain 
what  was  likely  to  be  their  reliance  for  support 
in  recruits  and  other  means.  With  such  view, 
the  Ohio  Soldiers  in  the  Western  Army,  from 
"the  Battlefield  of  Stone  River,"  February  1, 
1863,  issued  an  address  to  the  loyal  people  of 
Ohio,  setting  forth  the  aim  and  hope  which  in- 
spired the  men  at  the  front,  and  the  corre- 
sponding responsibility  and  duties  of  the  men 
at  home.     No    appeal    made   during   the  war 

*  The  Squirrel  Hunter's  Discharge — Cincinnati 
wa.s  menaced  by  the  enemies  of  our  Union ;  David 
Tod,  Governor  of  Ohio,  called  on  the  Minute  Men  of 
the   State,   and  the    "Squirrel   Hunters"    came  by 

thousands  to  the  rescue.    You, ,  was  one  of 

them,  and  this  is  your  honorable  discharge. 

Charles  W.  Hill,  Adjutant-General  of  Ohio. 
Malcom  McDowell,  Major  and  A.  D.  C. 

Approved,  David  Tod,  Governor. 

September,  1862. 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  HOME   WORK. 


93 


could  have  excelled  this  in  patriotic  sentiment ; 
ill  recital  of  sufferings  endured  ;  in  statement 
of  assistance  needed;  and  in  jiresentation  of 
claim  for  prompt  and  adequate  aid — phj'sical, 
in  men  and  means;  and  moral,  in  the  manifes- 
tation of  a  sound  loyalty  and  assurance  of  the 
sympathjf  of  those  at  home.  The  character 
and  spirit  of  the  paper  may  be  understood 
from  the  following  extracts  therefrom,  to  wit : 

People  of  Ohio !  But  one  alternative  is  left  you. 
You  must  pronounce  this  a  just  Rebellion.  You 
must  say  that  it  was  right  and  justifiable  to  destroy 
tliis  RepubHc ;  that  a  Republic  is  a  weak,  helpless 
Government,  powerless  to  sustain  itself,  and  to  be 
destroyed  whenever  conspirators  enough  can  be 
rallied  for  the  purpose.  Or,  you  must  show  to  the 
World  the  power  of  self-preservation  in  the  great  ex- 
ample of  Confederated  Republics — that  it  has  a  quiet, 
dormant  force,  which,  aroused,  has  gigantic  strength 
and  energy ;  that  it  not  only  can  protect  its  citizens 
in  all  of  their  rights  and  privileges,  but  can  sustain 
itself,  as  well  against  foreign  attack  as  internal  treason. 

We  [the  Army]  are  fighting  for  the  Republic.  To 
it,  we  have  given  our  hearts,  our  arms  and  our  lives. 
We  intend  to  stand  between  you  and  the  desolating 
hosts  of  the  Rebels,  whose  most  cherished  hope  and 
desire  have  been  and  are,  to  take  possession  of  and 
ravage  your  own  beautiful  Ohio.  Once,  already,  we 
have  stood  as  a  living  wall  between  you  and  this  fate, 
and  we  may  have  to  do  it  again. 

Men  of  Ohio !  You  know  not  what  this  Western 
Army  has  sufl'ered.  You  know  not  now,  the  hard- 
ships and  sufl'erings  of  your  Soldiers  in  their  chill 
tents — their  shelterless  bivouacs — their  long,  weary 
marches,  and  their  battle-thinned  ranks.  If  there  be 
•  honesty  and  purity  in  human  motives,  they  must  be 
found  among  your  long-enduring  Soldiers. 

Hear  us !  And  for  your  country's  sake,  if  not  for 
ours,  stop  your  wild,  .shameless  political  strifes;  unite 
for  the  common  cause  ;  and  never  think  or  speak  of 
Peace  and  Compromise,  until  the  now  empty  terms 
mean  Tlie  Republic  as  it  was — peaceably,  if  that  may 
be;  forcibly,  at  all  events. 

The  Army  of  the  West  is  in  terrible  earnest — 
earnest,  to  conquer  and  destroy  armed  Rebels — 
earnest,  to  meet  face  to  face— earnest,  in  its  hearty 
detestation  of  cowardly  Traitors  at  home — earnest,  in 
will  and  power  to  overcome  all  Mho  desire  the  Na- 
tion's ruin.  Ohio's  one  hundred  thousand  Soldiers 
in  the  field.  Citizens  at  home — potent  in  either  capac- 
ity— ask  their  fathers,  brethren  and  friends,  by  their 
firesides  and  in  their  peaceful  homes,  to  hear  and 
heed  this  appeal ;  and  to  put  an  end  to  covert  Trea- 
son at  home,  more  dangerous  now  to  our  National 
existence,  than  the  presence  of  the  armed  hosts  of 
misguided  Rebels  in  the  field. 

The  authorship  of  this  jjaper  was  attributed 

to  Colonel  J.  M.  McConnell,  17th  Ohiolnfimtry. 

The  address  reached  Ohio  about  the  20th  of 


February,  and  was  received  with  an  enthusi- 
asm equal  to  any  that  could  have  been  exi^ected. 
Public  meetings  were  held  in  all  parts  of  the 
State,  from  which  went  responses  earnest  and 
cheering  to  the  Soldiers. 

A  preliminary  meeting  was  held  at  Toledo, 
February  27tli,  which  was  called  to  order  by 
Eichard  Mott,  who  nominated  for  President 
Denison  B.  Smith.  Darwin  E.  Gardner  was 
chosen  Secretary.  Morrison  E.  Waite,  D.  B. 
Smith  and  D.  E.  Gardner,  were  appointed  a 
Committee  to  prepare  a  suitable  response  from 
the  jieople  to  the  Apjjeal  of  the  Soldiers  for  cir- 
culation and  signature  by  the  people.  Ad. 
dresses  were  made  by  S  B.  Scott,  A.  G.  Clark, 
Andrew^Stephan,  and  Wm.  Kraus,  in  approval 
of  such  action.  On  motion  of  Alex.  Eeed  :  H. 
S.  Walbridge,  Wm.  Kraus,  F.  J.  King,  T.  H. 
Hoag,  Denison  Steele  and  E.  H.  Bell,  were  ap- 
pointed as  Committee  of  Arrangements  for  a 
Mass  Meeting  to  be  held  at  Toledo  at  such 
time  as  they  might  deem  proper.  The  meet- 
ing adjourned  till  the  2d  of  March. 

At  the  time  named,  a  large  gathering  of 
citizens  of  Lucas  and  other  Counties  of  North- 
western Ohio,  was  held  at  White's  Hall,  Toledo. 
The  Appeal  of  Ohio  Soldiers  in  the  field  was 
read  by  Eev.  E.  B.  Eafifensperger,  Pastor  of 
First  Presbyterian  Church,  Toledo.  The  Com- 
mittee charged  with  the  preparation  of  an  ad- 
dress (understood  to  have  been  written  by 
M.  E.  Waite)  in  response  to  the  Appeal  of  Ohio 
Soldiers,  was  read  and  approved.  The  Com- 
mittee appointed  February  27th,  had  made 
arrangements  for  a  Union  Mass  Meeting,  at 
Toledo,  March  18th,  and  made  report  of  their 
action. 

At  the  appointed  time,  notwithstanding  the 
very  unpropitious  state  of  the  weather,  the 
atte-ndance  was  very  large,  being  estimated  as 
high  as  8,000,  and  from  all  portions  of  North- 
western Ohio.  The  procession  formed  soon 
after  10  a.  m.,  and  after  marching  on  different 
Streets,  returned  to  the  Union  Eailway  Depot, 
and  was  dismissed  for  dinner.  The  gathering 
in  the  afternoon  was  declared  to  be  the  largest 
overseen  in  Toledo.  The  officers  of  the  occa- 
sion, as  previously  selected,  were  as  follows  : 

President — Morrison  E.  Waite. 

Vice  Presidents— iwcas  Comity :  D.  B.  Smith,  Chas. 
Kent,  Lyman  Wheeler,  Dennis  Coghliu,  Mavor 
Brigham,  Geo.  A.  Carpenter,  Warren  Colburn,  T.  H. 
Hoag,  Chas.  A.  King,  Jacob  Landman,  J.  Bash,  Ed. 


94 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Connelly,  S.  L.  Collins,  Haskell  D.  Warren,  Chas.  A. 
Crane,  Geo.  W.  Reynolds,  Dr.  John  Smith,  Capt. 
Tliomas  Watts,  James  C.  Wales,  James  Taylor,  Wm. 
Cole,  Elijali  1)0(1(1,  Patrick  (iuigloy,  Patrick  Carey, 
Pliny  Lathrop.  Pulnam  Cwmlij  :  Geo.  Skinner,  H.  J. 
Boelmicr,  C.  M.  Godfrey.  Fttllm  County  :  Xahum 
Merrill,  M.  D.  Ilibbard,  A.  C.  Hough,  Octavius 
Waters.  Defiance  Cminlti :  Jonas  Colby,  Edwin 
Phelps,  Judge  Ensign,  Samuel  Koher.    Henri/  Cmmly : 

A.  J.  Haley,  Chas.  H.  Horning,  Cyrus  Howard. 
TViHi-iHW  Comity:  A.  M.  Pratt,  P.  W.  Norris,  H.  A. 
Ensign,  James  Bell,  Peter  Planson.  Wood  County: 
Gilbert  Beach,  Col.  J.  S.  Norton,  Dr.  E.  D.  Peck, 
Geor'e    Laskey.       Pnnldlntj    County:  H.    N.    Curtis, 

B.  B.  Woodcock. 

Secuetaries— Clark  Waggoner,  James  A.  Boyd, 
Cyrus  H.  Coy,  and  Wm.  C.  Earl. 

Marshal— Gen.  John  E.  Flunt. 

Assistant  Marshals -John  D.  Campbell,  Geo.  H. 
Burroughs,  Albert  L.  White,  Robert  H.  Bell,  Col. 
Chas.  B.  Phillips,  Matthew  Shoemaker,  Lieut.-Col. 
Paul  Edwards,  H.  J.  Hayes. 

Committee  of  Reception — Mayor  J.  J.  Manor,  D.  E. 
(iardner,  Paul  Jones,  James  C.  Hall,  Geo.  W.  Davis, 
Augustus  Thomas,  Wm.  Baker,  J.  R.  Osboru,  Moses 
T.  Brown,  V.  H.  Ketcham,  W.  W.  Grithth,  P.  H. 
Birckhead. 

After  music  by  the  band  of  St.  Francis  de 
Sales  Temperance  Society,  the  President  called 
the  assemblage  to  order,  and  was  about  to  pro- 
ceed with  the  regular  programme  of  the  occa- 
sion, when  his  attention  was  called  to  a  black- 
ened, torn  flag,  borne  toward  the  stand,  and 
followed  by  an  infirm  gentleman,  evidently 
advanced  in  age,  who  proved  to  be  Rev.  Geo. 
Taylor,  Chaplain  of  8th  Michigan  Infantry,  on 
his  waj'  home,  by  request  of  his  Regiment, 
with  their  tattered  banner.  On  reaching  the 
stand  and  being  introduced,  he  held  up  the 
tattered  flag  and  said  : 

I  am  a  poor,  sick,  and  emaciated  Chaplain  of  the 
Army.  I  have  been  trying  to  serve  mj'  country  as  a 
Soldier,  and  I  thank  God,  that  I  have  been  there.  I 
present  to  you  the  flag  of  the  Sth  Michigan  Infantry. 
It  has  been  to  Port  Royal,  and  wherever  men  have 
gone  to  fight.  This  is  the  banner  which  led  the  glo- 
rious Sth  Michigan  through  all  the  battles  they  have 
been  in.  See  the  motto  :  "  One  Country— One  Des- 
tiny." I  want  you  to  understand,  that  this  is  the 
spirit  of  the  Michigan  Soldiers.  I  could  not  go 
through  here  without  saying  that  the  Army— at  least 
that  portion  of  it  which  comes  from  Michigan— won- 
ders at  the  dissensions  at  home.  You  talk  to  them 
about  Generals— one  man  in  favor  of  McClellan, 
another  for  Joe  Hooker,  and  another  for  somebody 
else  ;  but,  they  are  all  in  favor  of  going  to  the  front. 
Oh,  how  glad  I  am  to  see  a  Union  feeling  waking  up. 
Spur  yourselves  to  the  contest,  and  let  the  motto  of 


our  glorious  flag— "One  Country -One  Destiny"— 
be  yours!  The  victory  shall  be  achieved,  and  our 
glorious  country  be  the  greatest  that  God  ever  made. 

The  effect  of  this  episode  was  electrical,  and  it 
was  received  with  cheers,  and  a  vote  of  thanks. 
It  could  not  have  been  more  timely  or  more 
happy  in  its  effect  with  the  vast  concourse  who 
witnessed  it. 

Wm.  Baker,  on  behalf  of  the  Committee, 
read  telegrams  and  letters  received  from  Col- 
onel Moses  R.  Brailey,  Major  I.  R.  Sherwood, 
and  Henry  T.  Bissell,  Committee  of  111th  Ohio 
Infantry,  then  at  Bowling  Green,  Ky.;  from 
Colonel  J.  C.  Groom,  100th  Ohio;  Colonel  E. 
H.  Phelps,  68th  Ohio ;  Colonel  Geo.  P.  Este, 
commanding  PovSt  at  Lavergne,  Tenn.;  J.  Rey- 
nolds, President,  and  James  F.  Pray,  Secretary 
14th  Ohio,  endorsed  bj"  General  Robert  Mitch- 
ell; General  Egbert  B.  Brown;  James  Myers, 
Representative,  Columbus;  D.  S.  Dickinson, 
Albany,  N.  Y.;  Governor  David  Tod,  Ex-Gov- 
ernor Wm.  Dennison,  Samuel  Galloway,  Col- 
umbus; and  Wm.  S.  Groesbeck,  Cincinnati. 

President  Waite  made  report  of  a  recent 
visit  by  him  to  several  Ohio  Regiments  in  the 
South,  including  the  14th,  38th  and  21st.  He 
then  introduced  Colonel  Isaac  R.  Hawkins, 
from  Tennessee,  who  addressed  the  meeting  at 
some  length  and  with  special  effect.  Geo.  C. 
Bates,  of  Chicago,  followed,  but  deferred  his 
speech  until  the  evening.  He  told  how  he  had 
himself  been  a  Soldier,  with  spurs  and  shoulder 
straps  in  a  great  War;  how,  at  the  time  of  the 
"Toledo  War" — when  Ohio  stole  Michigan's 
land— he  won  his  promotion;  how  he  camped 
out  in  Major  Stickney's  orchard,  captured  One 
Stickney  and  Two  Stickney ;  how  Indiana 
Stickney  and  Maryland  Stickney  visited  the 
W^olverine  camp,  beseeching,  with  tears,  for  the 
release  of  their  One,  Two  brothers;*  He  said 
he  was  a  Toledo  man,  and  knew  more  of  its 
earlj^  history  than  did  the  great  body  of  its 
present  inhabitants,  having  come  here  when 
the  first  tide  of  emigration  rolled  Westward ; 
and  sat  down  on  the  banks  of  the  Maumee,  when 
Toledo  was  a  hamlet  of  not  more  than  half  a 
dozen  families. 

While  the  main  meeting  was  in  progress, 
another  was  held  at  the  North  end  of  the 
Island  House,  which  was  addressed  by  Moses  T. 

®A  peculiarity  in  Major  Stickney's  family,consisted 
the  naming  of  his  sons,  One  and  Two,  and  his  daugh- 
ters after  States  of  the  Union. 


THE   WAR   OF  THE  REBELLION— HOME   WORK. 


95 


Brown,  Superintendent  Toledo  Public  Schools, 
and  by  James  M.  Ashley,  then  a  Representative 
in  Congress. 

The  evening  meeting  was  an  enthusiastic  one, 
and  was  addressed  by  Mr.  Bates,  Col.  Hawkins, 
and  Mr.  Ashley.  Mr.  Waite  read  resolutions 
adojited  by  the  14th  Ohio,  and  Mr.  Baker  the 
address  of  Col.  John  W.  Fuller's  Regiment, 
(27th  Ohio).  Wm.  C.  Earl  presented  resolu- 
tions, such  as  had  been  adopted  bj"  a  mammoth 
meeting  of  citizens  of  New  York,  at  Cooper 
Institute,  which  were  adopted,  when  the  meet- 
ing adjourned. 

The  prepared  response  of  citizens  to  the 
appeal  of  Ohio  Soldiers  was  afterward  sent  to 
them,  bearing  the  names  of  about  2,500  citizens 
of  Northwestern  Ohio,  largely  made  up  of  those 
prominent  in  active  life,  and  embracing  men 
of  both  political  parties.  That  paper,  locall}' 
so  prominent  and  influential  in  that  crisis  in 
the  Nation's  life,  assumed  historic  value.  It  is 
reproduced  here,  with  the  names  of  citizens  of 
Lucas  County,  whose  signatures  thereto  at- 
test their  unswerving  loyalty  to  their  coun- 
try's cause  in  the  darkest  hour  of  its  existence, 
and  their  earnest  sympathy  with  those  of  their 
neighbors  who  had  j)iiti'iotically  undertaken 
the  privations,  toils  and  dangers  of  the  camp 
and  the  field.  It  has  seemed  proper  that  side 
by  side,  should  here  appear,  so  fully  as  may  be, 
the  names  of  those  who  "went  to  the  front" 
from  Lucas  County,  and  of  those  who  as  loyally 
stood  faithfully  on  guard  in  the  no  less  impor- 
tant sphere  of  civil  cooperation  and  support  at 
home.  Without  such  joint  devotion,  nothing 
cttective  could  have  been  accomplished  by 
either  branch  of  the  great  Union  host.  That 
such  was  the  belief  of  the  Soldiers  in  the  field, 
is  clearly  shown  b}'  their  impassioned  appeal 
for  the  "  home  support  "  which  they  recognized 
as  indispensable  to  their  success.  That  such 
appeal  was  not  made  in  vain,  is  shown  by  the 
response  liere  rejiroduced  : 

Soldiers  of  Ohio,  enrolled  in  the  Army  of  the  United  States : 
We  thank  you,  for  the  long-continued  and  patient 
endurance  of  the  toils,  privations  and  dangers  of  a 
Soldier's  life.  We  thank  you  for  your  deeds  of  noble 
daring  on  the  field  of  battle,  by  which  you  have 
covered  yourselves  and  your  State  with  glory.  And 
last,  but  not  least,  we  thank  you — from  our  hearts, 
we  thank  you — for  the  words  of  wise  and  patriotic 
counsel  you  send  back  to  us  from  the  battle  fields  of 
"  the  front,"  in  this,  the  hour  of  our  greatest  peril ! 
From   the  Headquarters  of  the  Commander  of  the 


Army  of  the  Cumberland,  Ohio's  sons  whom  she  is 
proud  to  know  she  gave  to  the  Army  of  the  Union — 
from  the  bloody  field  of  Stone  River — from  every 
place  wliere  an  Ohio  Soldier  can  pen  a  message  to 
"  the  loved  ones  at  home,"  there  come  appeals  which 
we  will  not — we  cannot — disregard. 

Yes,  Soldiers,  as  you  well  have  said:  "This  is  a 
War  for  the  Republic ;  and  he  who  is  not  for  it,  is 
against  it."  This  is  no  time  to  divide  upon  measures. 
You  know  no  law,  but  obedience  to  the  will  of  your 
Commander.  Your  Commander-in-Chief  is  your 
President.  His  heart  is  full  of  love  for  his  country, 
and  he  acts  only  as  his  judgment  tells  him  the 
necessities  of  his  country  demand.  What  he  com- 
mands, you  carry  into  execution  ;  and  so  long  as  it  is 
his  duty  to  decide  what  sliall  be  done,  we  will  not, 
when  that  decision  is  made,  weaken  the  blow  which 
you  are  to  give,  by  discussing  at  home,  for  party  or 
political  purposes,  the  merits  of  that  decision.  We 
know  no  Government,  but  that  which  has  our  time- 
honored  Constitution  for  its  foundation  ;  and  while 
this  great  danger  is  upon  us,  that  Government,  in  its 
efforts  to  restore  the  integrity  of  the  Union,  shall 
have  our  cordial  and  united  support.  When  the 
danger  shall  be  over,  let  those  in  power  give  account 
of  their  stewardship,  and  receive  the  reward  or  pun- 
ishment which  their  conduct  shall  deserve. 

You  went  into  the  field  to  fight  for  the  Union,  the 
whole  Union,  and  nothing  but  the  Union !  When 
you  left,  your  homes  on  this  errand  of  patriotism,  we 
spoke  to  you  from  our  hearts,  the  words  of  hope  and 
encouragement,  and  we  registered  in  Heaven  an  oath, 
never,  by  any  fault  of  ours,  should  dishonor  come 
upon  you !  Nobly  have  you  performed  the  part  which 
you  then  took  upon  yourselves !  When  the  history 
of  your  campaign  shall  be  written,  it  will  cast  into 
the  shade  that  of  all  other  Wars  the  world  has  seen. 
True,  the  work  is  not  done  ;  but  the  time  has  not  yet 
come,  when  you  are  to  be  told  that  the  Union  you 
went  forth  to  maintain  "  cannot  be  restored  by  the 
armed  hand."  Some  may  tell  you  so,  who  see  no 
way  to  their  own  elevation,  but  upon  your  disgrace  ; 
but  such  men  know  not  the  great  heart  of  the  People, 
or  of  the  brave  Soldiers  in  the  Army  of  the  Union 
from  our  noble  State,  because  it  is  held  only  by  those 
who  dare  not  risk  their  lives  to  defend  the  countr\-'s 
honor. 

Soldiers  !  the  work  before  you  is  a  noble  one.  It  is 
nothing  less  than  to  make  that  "good  old  Flag," 
which  was  born  in  the  battlefields  of  the  Revolution 
and  baptized  in  the  blood  of  our  Fathers,  again 
respected  on  every  foot  of  soil  which  has  been  honored 
by  its  protecting  care.  That,  Soldiers,  is  the  work  of 
our  age.  And  with  you  in  front,  standing  shoulder 
to  shoulder,  with  the  brave  men  who  come  from  our 
sister  States,  to  vie  with  you  for  the  Hei-o's  crown, 
to  strike — and  with  union  at  home  and  hearts  in 
earnest  as  yours  are  in  earnest  to  uphold  and  support 
you  when  the  blow  is  given — there  is  no  power  on 
Earth  that  can,  and  none  in  Heaven  that  will,  prevent 
our  triumph. 

In  this  great  crisis  we  have  each  a  part  to  perform. 


90 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


You  have  yourselves  assigned  them.  You  say  you 
are  "  fighting  for  the  Republic,"  and  to  it  you  have 
given  "  your  hearts,  your  arms  and  your  lives."  We 
know  you  have.  Your  gallant  bearing  on  many  a 
well-fought  field,  tells  what  you  have  assumed  to  do. 
Of  us,  you  ask  that  we  shall  "  stay,  support  and  up- 
hold your  hands."  Soldiers,  we  will  do  it !  And  know- 
ing "in  union  there  is  strength,"  and  in  disunion 
there  is  weakness,  we  will  make  the  support  of  the 
Governuient  our  rallying-point ;  and  as  the  traitors 
have  forced  upon  us  the  alternative  of  conquering  or 
being  conquered,  we  accept  the  issue  ;  and  in  con- 
ducting this  war,  we  pledge  ourselves  to  you,  to  each 
other,  to  our  Country,  and  to  God,  that  we  will  devote 
our  lives  and  our  substance  to  the  support  of  the 
Government,  and  maintain  the  Union  of  these  States, 
"  now  and  forever— one  and  inseparable." 

This  paper  bore  the  signatures  of  the  follow- 
ing citizens  of  Lucas  County : 


Morrison  R.  Waite. 
Darwin  E.  Gardner. 
Deni.son  B.  Smith. 
Richard  Mott. 
William  Kraus. 
James  M.  Ashley. 
Charles  Kent. 
John  E.  Hunt. 
Joseph  W.  Brown. 
Peter  Lenk. 
Matthew  Brown. 
Ebenezer  Walbridge. 
Frank  J.  Scott. 
Truman  H.  Hoag. 
W.  S.  Towle. 
Dan.  A.  AVaterman. 
Wm.  T.  French. 
G.  F.  Richardson. 
Carlos  Colton,  Jr. 
John  Stevens. 
H.  J.  Hayes. 
George  AV.  Dart. 
"Wm.  H.  Bellman. 
Gustave  Wittstein. 
George  Woodburv. 

E.  B.  Hyde. 
I.  H.  Wright. 
W.  W.  Griffith. 
Harry  Chase. 
Thomas  Daniels. 
Henry  S.  Waite. 
C.  S.  Sevin. 
Wm.  J.  Finlay. 
J.  H.  Locke,  Jr. 
Charles  Scott. 

W.  W.  Sherwood. 
Wm.  B.  Welles. 
George  Bunde. 

F.  Bunde. 

John  G.  Sullivan. 


W.  C.  Phillips. 
Daniel  J.  Mattocks,  Jr. 
A.  W.  Barlow. 
D.  V.  Edsil. 
H.  J.  Williams. 
Joseph  H.  Williams. 
Charles  A.  King. 
H.  S.  Walbridge. 
Frank  J.  King. 
Thomas  C.  Stewart. 
John  J.  Manor. 
Clark  Waggoner. 
Denison  Steele. 
Fred.  A.  Jones. 
Calvin  Bronson. 
Mavor  Brigham. 
Alex.  Reed. 
William  O.  Brown. 
Henry  W.  Claflin. 
R.  E.  Morey. 
George  Torber. 
John  T.  Maher. 
Samuel  A.  Raymond. 
Charles  T.  Wales. 
Levi  Snell. 
P.  Martel. 
Joseph  Tolman. 
James  Tolman. 
Robert  W.  Smith. 
Alfred  Braun. 
R.  V.  Bowes. 
Emery  D.  Potter,  Sr. 
W.  H."  Clark. 
Geo.  H.  Richardson. 
Theo.  B.  Casey. 
Adam  Burgert. 
C.  W.  White. 
Luther  Whitney. 
John  B.  Lownsbury. 
Hudson  B.  Hall. 


H.  Blankmej'er. 
Frank  C.  Courte. 
James  Mallon. 
John  Pfisterer. 
C.  H.  Schmelzfennig. 
Henry  M.  Samsen. 
Plympton  Buck. 
John  A.  Conway. 
Mark  Knight. 
Henry  Gross. 
James  Cunningham. 
James  Cunningham,  2d. 
John  Mulhenny. 
Charles  Gradolph. 
Dan.  A.  Collins. 
J.  M.  Hall. 
Thomas  Carlisle. 
W.  S.  Dustin. 
James  Snow. 
James  Draper. 
Minot  I.  Wilcox. 
J.  H.  Park. 
Benjamin  Brower. 
J.  P.  Flynn. 
Peter  Graver. 
Robert  Cummings. 
John  Cummings. 
P.  M.  Ainsley. 
J.  D.  McKenley. 
Wm.  H.  Dyer. 

A.  C.  Tubbs. 

H.  Birkenkemp. 
Conrad  Rupple. 
M.  E.  Fahnestock. 
G.  E.  Coulson. 

B.  Allen. 
Fred.  Schaal. 
John  Enderlin. 

S.  Van  Xoorden,  Jr. 
H.  C.  Hall. 
Henry  Miller. 
John  W.  May. 
S.  B.  Hathaway. 
George  F.  Dunning. 
S.  A.  Wheeler. 
Hugh  Ga'v'in. 
Frank  T.  Lane. 
Fred.  Hand. 
Edward  Yardley. 
Albert  G.  Dooley. 
Chas.  S.  Tarbox. 
Geo.  R.  Haynes. 
Maurice  A.  Scott. 
T.  X.  Finney. 
J.  Austin  Scott. 
John  Kohn. 
John  Best. 
H.  G.  Weber. 
J.  T.  Bickel. 
Chas.  0.  Brigham. 
W.  Sceazan. 
JL  D.  Carrington. 


H.  A.  Boyd. 
Ralph  W.  Baker. 
Samuel  B.  Scott. 
B.  H.  Hitchcock. 
Madison  Miller. 
Benjamin  Mallett. 
T.  B.  Richardson. 
Geo.  W.  Hart. 
George  Baker. 
R.  O.  Morse. 
Samuel  M.  Young, 
W.  A.  DeForest. 
Charles  Ballard. 
E.  G.  Crane. 
Joseph  Cooke. 
S.  G.  Lane. 
William  Keyl. 
Edward  Danforth. 
H.  J.  Totten. 
D.  Morris. 
Wm.  C.  Huffman. 
J.  A.  Corbusier. 
Horace  H.  Butler. 
M.  B.  Butler. 
Timothy  Sheldon. 
William  Rotf. 
Charles  B.  Roff. 
Jerry  Peck. 

0.  A.  Bostwick. 
C.  F.  W.  Ahrendt. 
Herman  Neufaldt. 
George  Worts. 
Alva  C.  Johnson. 
Israel  Roberts. 
W.  C.  Tisdel. 

J.  M.  Hauser. 
James  Birchall. 
Theo.  Stahl. 
A.  A.  Fahnestock. 

1.  R.  Nelson. 
John  Bell. 
William  A.  Beach. 
William  Cutway. 
Frank  P.  Isherwood. 
Henry  J.  Chase. 
Joseph  Miller. 
Theo.  Lewis. 

F.  Bigelow. 
John  Sallis. 
M.  Hoffman. 
Peter  Phillips. 
Allen  Kirk. 
C.  T.  Hubbard. 

C.  S.  Grossman. 
James  Maloney. 
John  Autibus. 
John  Sinclair. 

D.  W.  Kellogg. 
Chas.  B.  Benedict. 
Charles  O'Hara. 
David  Miller. 
Leonard  AVilcox. 


TEE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— HOME   WORK. 


Geo.  Gassaway. 
Henry  D.  Walbridge. 
James  H.  Maples. 
Robert  W.  Titus. 
Henry  T.  Haskell. 
Carlos  Colton. 
Abram  W.  Colton. 
William  Harlow. 
Jacob  Bash. 
D.  G.  Saltonstall. 

D.  N.  Bash. 
James  D.  Smith. 
Milo  Bashare. 

E.  A.  Smith. 
George  Knight. 
James  R.  Strong. 
E.  H.  Van  Hoesen. 
Wm.  H.  Clark. 
Samuel  S.  Read. 
W.  Y.  Swager. 
John  B.  Carson. 
Frank  Braisted. 

L.  A.  Willard. 

A.  B.  Brownlee. 
Alonzo  Godard. 
Wm.  H.  Whitaker. 
Geo.  R.  Tourtellotte. 
Frank  T.  Card. 
Curtis  Ripley. 
Piatt  Card. 

Paul  Jones. 
Samuel  Smiley. 
E.  T.  Mortimer. 
Horatio  S.  Young. 
Charles  H.  Jones. 

B.  M.  Rigby. 
John  H.  Moulton. 
Thos.  Thorneloe. 
E.  B.  Bronson. 
John  Copland. 

J.  W.  Walterhouse. 
O.  C.  Smith. 
E.  D.  Peck. 
Moreau  Allen. 
Chas.  B.  Phillips. 
Joel  M.  Gloyd. 
Alex.  H.  Ewing. 
Henry  Hall. 
Alex.  H.  Newcomb. 
Chas.  H.  Fisk. 
J.  M.  Lycan. 
Y.  L.  Hopkins. 
R.  C.  Thompson. 
A.  F.  Bissell. 
Calvin  K.  Bennett. 
John  Pratt. 
G.  R.  Bennett. 
Hiram  Alfred. 
G.  W.  Wainer. 
J.  Outcalt. 
0.  Sexton,  Jr. 
Perry  Crabbs. 


Andrew  J.  Hand. 
A.  Rutherford. 
J.  D.  Cook. 
Wm.  H.  Osbon. 
Thomas  Hamilton. 
Fred.  Raitz. 
Allen  Brown. 
John  I'atton. 
Thomas  O'Neil. 
D.  Innes. 
M.  O'Reily. 
Vincent  Hamilton. 
W.  S.  Newman. 
John  Fitch. 
John  J.  Adam. 
David  Smith, 
Charles  F.  Peck. 
Perry  B.  Truax. 
Fred.  0.  Opitz. 
Charles  West. 
Peter  Faskin. 
A.  Sazenly. 
Denis  Weyburne. 

F.  W.  Higby. 
Austin  H.  Bruen. 
T.  Radclitf. 
Thos.  B.  Aldrich. 
A.  Border. 
James  Berthholf. 
Paul  Kunkle. 

J.  D.  Pomeroy. 
Chas.  N.  Yeager. 
W.  S.  Jackson. 
Toby  Greer. 
John  Boop. 
Thos.  Bloomfield. 
J.  B.  Webber. 
J.  Fitts. 

Valentine  Wall. 
W.  H.  Huler. 

G.  Wasser,  Sr. 
Boliver  Meeker. 
Boena  Meeker. 
Florello  Meeker. 
L.  J.  Seek. 

Chas.  Brinkerhoff. 
Charles  H.  Reed. 
Henry  G.  Bupr. 
J.  H.  Kennedy. 
R.  West. 
Wm.  H.  Harris. 
John  Gregg. 
Charles  A.  Chase. 
Ed.  Fifield. 
J.  A.  JNIinnio. 
James  Ballard. 
J.  W.  Doane. 
J.  S.  Bloomfield. 
W.  H.  Nichols. 
Samuel  Southard. 
M.  J.  Cooney. 
A.  Nicke. 


James  J.  Doolittle. 
W.  H.  Moore. 
Lewis  Mathias. 
Henry  Devlin. 
David  Walker. 
Samuel  S.  Thorn. 
Alonzo  Rogei's. 
Davis  Lewis. 
Geo.  D.  Whitmore. 
H.  L.  Sargent. 
John  Dibbeling. 
Theo.  J.  Brown. 

A.  T.  Fite. 
Albert  G.  Clark. 

B.  W.  Rouse. 
Frank  I.  Smith. 

C.  V.  Jenison. 
Thomas  Dunlap. 
James  Ceesick, 
John  Murphy,  Sr. 
Thos.  Morrow. 
Geo.  P.  Pricketts. 
P.  I.  Latham. 
Henry  Merrill. 
W.  S.  Isherwood. 
John  Bullarston. 
M.  H.  Gill. 

F.  S.  Chandler. 
H.  J.  Eake. 
L.  Fisk. 

J.  E.  Lockwood. 
John  Mills. 
Reuben  H.  Slioles. 
Samuel  Andrews. 
J.  A.  Laird. 
Noble  L.  Stacy. 
Junius  A.  Flagg. 
C.  H.  Harroun. 
W.  W.  Whitney. 
Geo.  W.  Merrifl. 
J.  E.  Cole. 
John  P.  Lewis. 
E.  Bivins. 
George  Reichart. 
O.  Mather. 
Alonzo  Cornell. 
A.  R.  Martin. 
Thos.  Jackson. 
A.  G.  Warren. 
Horatio  E.  Bangs. 
C.  P.  Leland. 
Wint.  Dunn. 
J.  R.  Blanchard. 
Wm.  Chollett. 
A.  O.  Marsh. 
Wm.  Van  Orden. 
Chas.  B.  Weaver. 
John  M.  McKee. 
P.  H.  Redding. 
W.  Wiesman. 
Orlin  Phelps. 
J.  Haynes. 


Stillman  Eastman. 
John  Cunningham. 
John  Kelley. 
George  Fordham. 
Daniel  Moore. 
C.  Kenny. 
J.  S.  Lawrence. 
J.  Lang. 
F.  D.  Ettin. 
John  McCaul. 

B.  Webster. 
J.  W.  Daniel. 
Charles  Davison. 

C.  Crawford. 
T.  Rooney. 
W.  C.  Geitter. 
P.  Mitchell. 
Robert  Nicholas. 
Erastus  Kenyon. 

A.  L.  Mills.  ' 
J.  J.  Downs. 

B.  B.  Firchmond. 
Robert  Dunnigan. 
John  Galloway. 

C.  M.  Fisher. 
N.  Mortimer. 
A.  Morton. 
L.  Hevnsling. 
Moses  T.  Brown. 
Thomas  Brown. 
H.  R.  Haskell. 

J.  R.  Pinkertou. 
John  D.  Crennan. 
S.  S.  Ketly. 
Thos.  Armstrong. 
S.  H.  Bergen. 
F.  AV.  Himes. 
J.  H.  Hampton. 
Chas.  H.  Soper. 
Charles  B.  Hall. 
J.  W.  Toullerton. 
Geo.  McMonagle. 
Andrew  Shurtz. 
Chas.  S.  Beach. 
Henry  T.  Cook. 
John  B.  Murphy. 
Gid.  K.  Pheatt." 
W.  Hunt  Walbridge. 
William  Clark. 

D.  J.  Coulson. 
Chris.  Marman. 
J.  T.  Southard. 
J.  V.  Straight. 
N.  T.  Ha.skell. 
S.  Earl. 

W.  J.  Freatenborough. 

E.  Thomas. 
John  H.  Moon. 
Thos.  C.  Mayhew. 
P.  C.  Whitehead. 
Geo.  R.  Rogers. 
Wm.  Hoffman. 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


N.  M.  Lilleland. 

E.  B.  Raffensperger. 

D.  S.  Anderson. 
John  J.  Branigan. 
Daniel  Keller. 
Dan.  Y.  Howell. 
N.  H.  Roberts. 
Hiukley  Hurd. 

5.  C.  Sampson. 
Henrj'  Spahn. 
Charles  Cochran. 
W.  U.  Barry. 
W.  T.  Allen. 
John  J.  Hunker. 
George  Brown. 
Ed.  MeLeary,  Jr. 
John  Hunker. 
M.  Sausle. 

W.  Scott. 
M.  Scranton. 
James  S.  Fifield. 
John  Cassiday. 
O.  Kingsbury. 
Lewis  Deutch. 
N.  Brainard. 
Samuel  Brooks. 
Wm.  S.  B.  Hubbell. 
M.  C.  O'Connor. 
G.  Frost. 

Pat.  Cunningham. 
Charles  Pratt. 

E.  Putnam. 
Elijah  Clark. 
N.  M.  Landis. 
Robert  Ackland. 
Henry  Reed,  Sen. 
E.  Gardner. 

A.  A.  Gardener. 
Ralph  Tarbox. 
E.  J.  Woodruff. 
Israel  Hall. 
Samuel  B.  Campbell. 
John  B.  Fella. 
Chas.  H.  Eddy. 
Tyler  Bush. 

E.  P.  Shelley. 
J.  Lyons. 
D.  C.  Holley. 
Richard  Doolittle. 
Geo.  C.  Pepper. 

6.  J.  Jones. 

W.  D.  Ramsdell. 
Wm.  H.  Carl. 
Joseph  Gittsky. 
Henry  E.  Hill. 

B.  H.  Bayliss. 
R.  Gittsky. 
Peter  Scott. 
Wm.  Olrich. 
John  L.  Tanke. 
Theo.  Tanke. 
G.  Goldsmith. 


Calvin  Chibb. 
Tllrich  Fey. 
H.  P.  Whitney. 
Luke  Draper. 
Sidney  Bissell. 
Geo.  Weidman. 
E.  J.  Fifield. 
Richard  Greenwood. 
James  Cole. 
J.  A.  Speyer. 
Joseph  Lieber. 
Joseph  Corey. 
Wm.  M.  Coon. 
A.  F.  Rutherford. 
Wm.  Hoak. 
James  Marry. 
H.  C.  Nicholas. 
James  L.  Smith. 
John  H.  Doyle. 
Richard  Waite. 
Alf.  H.  Clark. 
James  A.  Anderson. 

5.  P.  Halsey. 
E.  H.  Alley. 
Jonathan  Wynn. 
C.  M.  Sanford. 
William  Miller. 
Geo.  M.  Lilleland. 
John  Shull. 

G.  G.  Randall. 
Franz  Zarang. 
John  A.  Fisher. 
A.  V.  Stebbins. 

C.  Dittmary. 
H.  Hazenzahl. 
Lehman  Kraus. 
John  Dorter. 
Andrew  Nesbit. 
Lewis  Page. 
John  A.  Moore. 

6.  E.  Demise. 
L.  Vincent. 
Coleman  Keeler. 
Wm.  A.  Snyder. 
P.  H.  Foster. 
Fred.  P.  Waite. 

D.  B.  Huff. 
Guido  Marx. 
Josiah  Johnson. 
John  Shecks. 
H.  Roesbert. 
Chas.  Eggert. 
Jlichael  Fitzgerald. 
Robert  Bloomfield. 
Francis  Fitzgerald. 
Hiram  Brown. 

I.  N.  Poe. 
P.  Koster. 
Benj.  Gittsky. 
H.  D.  Perry. 
S.  Goldsmith. 
John  Plessner. 


Patrick  McKay. 
Berne  Whitehead. 
W.  A.  Titus. 
John  Keller. 
Mathias  Seyler. 
Wm.  W.  Williams. 

C.  B.  Eells. 
Chris.  Woehler. 
W.   Dittmore. 
Wm.  Jones. 
Hollis  Hammond. 
Wm.  Brewster. 
G.  H.  Reippel. 
Peter  Blank. 
John  Gramer. 

G.  F.  Meyer. 

H.  Van  Karsen. 

A.  C.  Moore. 

John  C.  Renthinger. 

Wm.  Burwick. 

A.  J.  Machen. 

Tho.s.  Carey. 

Theo.  Kirchmaier. 

Joseph  Mark. 

J.  S.  Bowers. 

J.  S.  Mille. 

J.  B.  Farnham. 

Wm.  C.  Cheney. 

Charles  W.  Hall. 

Charles  Cleaves. 

G.  L.  Krite. 

Fred.  Schigeizer. 

John  Uagain. 

Gotleib  Hole. 

J.  Geo.  Hege. 

E.  O.  Ross. 

A.  Obergarten. 

Fred.  Witker. 

R.  Shehan. 

John  J.  Leith. 

Geo.  Stebbins. 

D.  S.  Mead. 
A.  B.  Page. 
R.  H.  Rogers. 
Lewis  Dormer. 
Thomas  Cherry. 
J.  Pargo. 

A.  H.  Smith. 
Geo.  W.  Jsavaugh. 
David  Fisher. 
J.  F.  Curtis. 

E.  Hunt. 
John  Chollett. 
P.  Smith. 
Ralph  Jenison. 
C.  Thompson. 

F.  E.  Osgood. 
Geo.  Brown. 
Robert  Bentham. 

G.  Singer. 
Ira  E.  Lee. 
Chas.  Caughling. 


Jacob  Beach. 
Augustus  Sechsler. 
Geo.  Myers,  jr. 
Thos.  Southard. 
J.  B.  Fisk. 
Wm.  C.  Fisk. 
Thomas  Corlett. 
Ferd.  Johnson. 
W^ra.  Pelkey. 
Geo.  Milmine. 
Thos.  B.  Smith. 
E.  C.  Bodman. 
Berry  Fitts. 
Peter  Hubber. 
L.  M.  Skidmore. 
M.  W.  Smith. 
"Wm.  F.  Brome. 
Henry  C.  Gilmore. 
John  Woehler. 
J.  F.  Wilkol. 
S.  D.  Curtis. 
W.  G.  Cook. 
H.  M.  Curtis. 
M.  Heyman. 
Jacob  Wansel. 
Mike  Rabit. 
Oscar  Wetmore. 
John  Hilt. 
John  Morris. 
Chas.  Beuana. 
H.  Kohn. 
O.  E.  M.  Howard. 
Ed.  H.  Fitch. 
H.  Burt  Taylor. 

A.  H.  Hunker. 
J.  L.  Merritt. 

E.  W.  Dickerson. 

B.  T.  Blue. 

Otto  Reidemeister. 
Robert  Dederich. 
H.  A.  Ensign. 
Peter  Eiserman. 
E.  L.  Cummer. 
Alfred  Leonardson. 
P.  Klahr. 
Chas.  Meissner. 
Henry  Levi. 
Austin  B.  Waite. 
Warren  S.  Waite. 
Sam.  Warren. 
Geo.  Furney. 
Rudolph  Brand. 
Geo.  Tanner. 
Simon  Jack. 
Jolin  H.  Gherkins. 
E.  W.  E.  Koch. 
Gustavus  Goldsmith. 
Bernard  Tummers. 
John  Gorgen. 
Andrew  Horning. 
Chris.  ITnhekan. 
Frank  Sekwesl. 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— HOME   WORK. 


99 


G.  A.  Chase. 
John  Kerume. 
Albert  Johnson. 
August  Phillips. 
August  Rail. 
George  Albert. 
Mark  Edgar. 
J.  H.  Tappan. 
W.  A.  C.  Converse. 
W.  C.  Palmer. 
F.  M.  Smiley. 

D.  Daggett. 

A.  H.  Garfield. 
Theo.  Klemm. 

E.  Parry. 
Wm.  Walcott. 
C.  Alexander. 
H.  W.  Gifford. 
Calvin  Barker. 
C.  C.  Warren. 
C.  A.  Lemar. 

A.  W.  Thompson. 
Charles  Wasson. 
M.  C.  Worts. 
S.  R.  Brown. 
James  J.  French. 
Wm.  Unthank. 
H.  Boyce. 
Charles  H.  Reed. 
Oscar  H.  Cole. 
Orson  B.  Kingsbury. 
Watson  Bopel. 
James  Lewis. 
Aug.  Brown. 
C.  J.  Culver. 
Chas.  Brown. 
H.  Rinal. 
Hiram  Hurlburt. 
Wm.  Taylor. 
Levi  Ruggles. 
T.  Moon. 
Lewis  Dusseau. 
Henry  Hiukley. 
S.  W.  Allen. 
Richard  Meim. 
Alf.  Enders. 

E.  Beckwith. 

A.  E.  Tynker. 
Sylvester  Brown. 
J.  O.  How. 

B.  A.  Peterson. 
Anthony  Bordeau. 
Joseph  Doroy. 

C.  Gatee. 

P.  C.  Conant. 

F.  P.  Beckwith. 
Gabriel  Crane. 
B.  Folsom. 

Ed.  Chajjin. 
Calvin  Cone. 
H.  D.  Laylor. 
James  Gilmore. 


Henry  Plessner. 
M.  Quigley. 
Wm.  Massey. 
Eleazer  Baldwin. 
Amos  V.  Barker. 
B.  E.  Warren. 
M.  H.  Allen. 
R.  G.  H.  Huntington. 
John  Hoyt. 
Frank  Sladden. 
J.  Y.  Warren. 
Benj.  Ruther. 
Daviil  Howe. 
Thomas  Wood. 
Bernard  Lancto. 
P.  B.  Porter. 
Daniel  Wolf. 
Predom  Martin. 
Lewis  Volade. 
John  Ryan. 
W.  H.  Ford. 
Charles  B.  Young. 
A.  Benedict. 
Joseph  Garner. 
R.  H.  Barr. 

D.  A.  Brown. 
Joseph  McPhillips. 
Anthony  Lavine. 
F.  D.  Gleason. 
Wm.  H.  Hamilton. 
Chas.  P.  Curtis. 

S.  T.  Howe. 
John  Thorpe. 
Mars  Nearing. 
Wm.  H.  Smith. 
Wm.  G.  Powers. 
John  Tollman. 
Geo.  A.  Carpenter. 
J.  P.  Constable. 
H.  L.  Hollo  way. 
Wm.  C.  Earl. 
Wm.  F.  Church. 
John  L.  Peck. 
David  E.  Merrill. 
Loomis  Brigham. 

E.  A.  Durbiu. 
William  Baker. 
Geo.  D.  Claflin. 
Thomas  Howells. 
J.  W.  Howells. 
James  W.  Clark. 
Henry  L^hlman. 
R.  C.  Lemmon. 
S.  A.  Ford. 
Louis  A.  Pike. 
Geo.  W.  Gove. 
Orin  S.  Anderson. 
D.  S.  Fifield. 

J.  S.  Fifield,  Jr. 
Wm.  Murphy. 
Dan.  H.  Miner. 
Thomas  Van  Stone. 


J.  N.  Stevens. 

Charles  H.  Stevens. 

Wm.  H.  Raymond. 

James  Love. 

John  Wortz. 

Thomas  J.  Bodley. 

R.  Plessner. 

John  Auth. 

Charles  E.  Bliven. 

Wm.  P.  Gardner. 

J.  Kent  Hamilton. 

John  R.  Osborn. 

Silas  Benly. 

Charles  Dodge. 

Warren  Colburn. 

Geo.  R.  Watson. 

Geo.  W.  Davis. 

Calvin  Bullock. 

M.  R.  Fassett. 

R.  Redington. 

Chas.  C.  Miller. 
C.  H.  Spear. 
A.  W.  Fischer. 
C.  C.  Hine. 
James  Coldham. 
M.  K.  Kunkle. 

Wm.  T.  Hall. 
John  Kauffman. 
Samuel  McMeeken. 
C.  J.  Morgan. 
Wm.  K.  Holdridge. 
N.  W.  Eddy. 
James  Booth. 
Edwin  Jackson. 
John  McAllyn. 
Daniel  Nitschke. 
A.  B.  Penfield. 
H.  J.  Conovan. 
Geo.  Spencer. 
Wm.  Holmes. 
James  W.  Atkin. 
Geo.  W.  Hoglin. 
Joseph  Meirr. 
E.  S.  Hanks. 
Asa  Boice. 
L.  B.  Van  Hoosen. 
S.  J.  Locke. 
S.  P.  Browning. 
H.  Wilhelm. 
W.  F.  Essing. 
Ed.  P.  McMahon. 
John  L.  Johnston. 
M.  W.  Hubbell. 
Sewal  Whittlesey. 
John  Harbauer. 
Geo.  Pezzy. 
Melchoir  Webber. 
Thomas  Bolles. 
Jonathan  Lundy. 
Willein  Kneal. 
M.  K.  Draper. 
Spencer  L.  Eraser. 


Chas.  Hotchter. 

James  A.  Eaton. 

Wm.  Leahenny. 

Wm.  Schroeder. 

J.  W.  CannefF. 

L.  A.  Hall. 

Thomas  Tuey. 

John  C.  Klotz. 

Geo.  Shipman. 

Henry  V.  Poulton. 

Samuel  Jackman. 

John  H.  Wood. 

Quiuby  Tappan. 

Chas.  Haynes. 

M.  McKissick. 

John  Shay. 

J.  H.  Minnitou. 

W.  G.  Brim.son. 

L.  B.  Symons. 

P.  B.  Pratt. 

M.  Stabler. 

Wm.  Gorman. 
Thos.  Sarber. 
D.  E.  Peck. 

John  Harris. 

Thomas  Jackman. 

D.  F.  Morgan. 
James  Higgins. 
James  Kenyon. 

Henry  C.  Frentz. 

A.  Black. 
Samuel  Tanner. 

P.  F.  Schneider. 

Henry  Demmou. 
Caleb  Blanchard. 
Joel  W.  Crane. 
Thomas  Carr. 
Geo.  MeLssner. 
J.  A.  Thompson. 
Wm.  McKinley. 
Thomas  McGuire. 
James  Cowlett. 
Greenfield  Dooley. 
Wilson  Haynes. 
Frank  Otto. 
A.  Spru.ss. 
Isaac  N.  Hathaway. 
John  Slop. 
Wm.  B.  Thorn. 
P.  Hamblin. 
W.  C.  Raymer. 
L.  R.  Jerome. 
C.  A.  Rowsey. 
L.  H.  Johnson. 
James  Sullivan. 
M.  Hay. 

J.  W.  Fahnestock. 
James  Hebbett. 
N.  C.  Pepper. 
H.  E.  Flynn. 
J.  J.  Leith. 
James  Dority. 


100 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Jacob  Jayalz, 
Wm.  Durrell. 
T.  Crampton. 
Jaini'S  J.  Wall. 
AV.  F.  KobL-rts. 
I'.  H.  Blake. 
John  C.  Tluesfel. 
F.  Diebel. 
Geo.  A.  Willi  pel. 
M.  W.  Hazenzahl. 
Ed.  Avery,  Jr. 
Hermann  Wittsteiii. 
Fred.  W.  Griswold. 
Jere.  T.  Dewey. 
H.  Hohly. 
M.  B.  Doyle. 
Valentine  Braun. 
Erne.st  Greiner. 
L.  P.  Smith. 
Cyrus  H.  Coy. 
Josiah  Riley. 
Joseph  Feust. 
E.  A.  Durbin. 
Ignace  Wernert. 
Fred.  Etaris. 

C.  D.  Woodrutf. 
R.  Stowe. 

B.  Kern. 
Alonzo  Smith. 
John  Van  Gunten. 
J.  M.  Kale. 

Frank  W.  Anderson. 
Edmund  Knapp. 
J.  S.  Kunkle. 
J.  B.  Trembley. 
J.  P.  Smith. 
Charles  Matteel. 
A.  Bust. 
John  Miller,  Jr. 
Wm.  T.  Huntington. 
J.  Seyler. 
Declan  Allen. 

D.  D.  Learie. 
M.  B.  Plummer. 
Lyman  Wheeler. 
Dan.  A.  Brown. 
Asa  Backus. 

S.  B.  Brown. 
John  T.  Newton. 
Uriah  Gregory. 
A.  D.  Pelton. 

C.  Hitchcock. 
Ernst  Kibbe. 
George  D.  Claflin. 
Fred.  Severn. 
Charles  P.  Boardman. 
John  T.  Page. 
Stillman  Brown. 
Henry  Brown. 

R.  F.  Russell. 
John  Wheeler. 
Timothy  Tredwell. 


Daniel  Barrmatzel. 
Peter  Yost. 
Julius  Schenck. 
Geo.  Tilbury. 
Ira  Z.  Settle. 
Thomas  Henry. 
Charles  M.  Woodbury. 
John  Golttell. 
Joseph  Merrill. 
H.  W.  Goettell,  Jr. 
Horace  Hertzler. 
Calvin  Barker. 
W.  M.  Steele. 
Jacob  Landman. 
Henry  Philipps. 
A.  Schansenbach. 
Mavor  Brigham. 
Wm.  B.  Messinger. 
John  Burns. 
Chauncy  H.  Buck. 
John  Henry. 
Chas.  A.  Crane. 
Wm.  MarkschefFell. 
M.  H.  Austin. 
Theo.  Wegener. 
John  A.  Auth. 
A.  Bunert. 
Wm.  Rawle. 
James  F.  Snow. 
Fred.  Eaton. 
Martin  Northup. 

C.  C.  Wilson. 
Matt.  Seyler. 

M.  C.  T.  Pleahorn. 
John  Metliias. 
Ed.  C.  Smith. 
Charles  E.  Poe. 

D.  D.  Vannocker. 
John  Devlin. 

E.  A.  Thomas. 
Andrew  Stephan. 
John  Ray. 

Alfred  Chesebrough. 
J.  G.  Burbank. 
Denison  Steele. 
C.  C.  Cato. 
J.  E.  Carpenter. 
W.  C.  Lyons. 
Fred.  Schiller. 
H.  W.  Comstock. 
Charles  R.  Penfield. 
W.  H.  Lewis. 
L.  A.  Fontaine. 
Leander  Burdick. 
James  M.  Comstock. 
Dexter  Knights. 
A.  H.  Hathaway. 
H.  G.  Brown. 
J.  A.  Brown. 
J.  W.  Gildersleeve. 
Ij.  Gushing. 
L.  Hancock. 


C.  H.  Flint. 
S.  D.  Chamberlin. 
Alphonso  Stratton. 
T.  R.  Gibson. 
Michael  Kaeihele. 
J.  Smith. 

Lewis  C.  Thatcher. 
Silas  Topliff. 
Henry  L.  Phelps. 
Wm.  Ryan. 
Daniel  Lamb. 
Hiram  Eggleston. 
George  E.  Buck. 
A.  0.  Smith. 
Charles  Raymer. 
Seymour  W.  Johnson. 
George  H.  Ryan. 
E.  Bloomfleld. 
Asa  W.  ]\Iaddocks. 
A.  H.  Davidson. 
James  S.  Whitney. 
Alfred  W.  Gleason. 
Julius  Chesebrough. 
Thomas  Black  well. 
Edward  Bissell. 
Wm.  A.  Collins. 
Edw-ard  P.  Bassett. 
Edson  Allen. 
R.  A.  Brown. 
Ralph  H.  Waggoner. 
R.  Garner. 
Ira  B.  Blondin. 
James  Raymer. 
Wm.  W.  Consaul. 
M.  T.  Huntley. 
R.  I.  Skidmore, 
E.  J.  Woodrufl. 
James  Secor. 
A.  Ketcham. 
Wm.  E.  Parmelee,  Sr. 
Charles  Breshaver. 
Jacob  Whitmore. 
George  Zerk. 
Henry  Schwartz. 
John  .\dam. 
Joseph  Wei.shahn. 
Sylvester  Kronsberger. 
Henry  Jones. 
Martin  Buck. 
Charles  Werther. 
Fred.  Volkstaedt. 
John  Clopes. 
Charles  Koester. 
Leo  Schneider. 
Henry  Strehle. 
Valentine  Horning. 
Martin  Yaeger. 
Wm.  Lutterbeck. 
John  Fick. 
John  Wolf. 
Jacob  Gherring. 
Charles  Tene. 


F.  D.  Gurley. 
Jacob  Roemer. 
Samuel  Blanchard. 
Edward  Hannin. 
Wm.  Laughlin. 
Wm.  Cunningham. 
W.  Chamberlin. 
J.  B.  Russell. 
J.  Danzie. 
Waters  Whitmore. 
Isaac  Rideout. 
Oliver  Stevens. 
Charles  Coy. 
Daniel  R.  Stebbins. 
John  V.  Van  Orden. 
Patrick  McCalliget. 
Thomas  Card. 
James  C.  Messer. 
Luther  Whitmore. 
Lewis  Consaul. 
Elias  H.  Fassett. 
Thomas  K.  Crane. 
Jacob  Stevens. 
J.  C.  Ketcham. 
Joseph  Berr}'. 
Robert  C.  Drunia. 
L.  H.  Roberts. 
D.  W.  Stancliflf. 
C.  E.  Roberts. 
J.  B.  Hoag. 
John  C.  Bonnell. 
Gid.W.  Weed. 
Peter  C.  Moross. 
Joseph  K.  Secor. 
John  F.  Wallace. 
Wm.  Church, 
John  H.  Whitaker. 
Aaron  L.  Kelsey. 
Wm.  H.  Boos. 
Charles  Hennessey. 
R.  W.  Brown. 
H.  Case. 

Charles  R.  Messinger. 
Robert  A.  Wason. 
A.  B.  Cautield. 
S.  T.  Moore. 
Wm.  W.  Bolles. 
S.  P.  Meng. 
Charles  B.  Scott. 
Wm.  Wheeler. 
John  B.  Ketcham. 
W.  H.  Fish. 
Henry  Williams. 
Warren  S.  Waite. 
Foster  Ellis. 
A.  Ware. 
Byron  Roberts. 
Charles  Ranno. 
J.  Annis. 
Charles  Riebel. 
F.  B.  Case. 
W.  D.  Burgess. 


THE    \YAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— HOME    WORK. 


101 


Mathies  Niemeyer. 

Jacob  Ogg. 

Calvin  Bronson. 

N.  Montgomery  Howard. 

Louis  Riebel. 

W.  B.  Hill. 

C.  B.  Jones. 

H.  Kurd. 

W.  H.  Hamlyn. 

Wm.  Sexton. 

James  Crofts. 

Phillip  Webber. 

O.  S.  Brown. 

Stephen  Raymer. 

W.  S.  Backman. 

C.  Hancock. 

George  H.  Hiser. 

Alex.  King. 

John  Mason. 

C.  A.  Gamby. 

A.  Smith. 

W.  E.  Tattler. 

George  M.  Crandall 

Valentine  Bargy. 

Wm.  Wilkison. 

Wm.  Schirman. 

Charles  E.  Winans. 

W.  R.  Peck. 

C  A.  Lewis. 

C.  R.  Faulkner. 

J.  Rhodes. 

Lloyd  Davis. 

H.  J.  Keep. 

V.  Hubbell. 

Theophihis  P.  Brown. 

F.  A.  Ensign. 

Joseph  Rancho. 

T.  G.  Uamby. 


Wm.  Mack. 
John  Mack. 
H.  S.  Bronson. 
R.  J.  Tubbs. 
Victor  Keen. 
Thomas  J.  Webb. 
Amos  M.  DeBolt. 
Thomas  Reed. 
C.  H.  Langdon. 
P.  Stevens. 
K.  R.  Wiuslow. 
N.  Hoyt. 

C.  E.  Parrish. 
John  Gillrom. 

D.  Lester. 

Henry  Williamson. 
Fred.  Jacobs. 
John  Nauman. 
Wendell  Hazenzahl. 
Joseph  Furst. 
Henry  Munday. 
John  Kloraer. 
W.  W.  Englehardt. 
Paul  Oberle. 
Mendel  Shultz. 
Joseph  Pell. 
Chris.  Rudolph. 
F.  F.  Geigle. 
A.  A.  Belknap. 
John  P.  Boice. 
S.  S.  Hooper. 
I.  K.  Seaman. 
W.  A.  Warren. 
L.  Cooper. 
Milton  Blaford. 
T.  Cooper. 
M.  Foley. 
Joseph  Kay. 


MAUMEE   CITY. 


Geo.  W.  Reynolds. 
Horatio  Conant. 
Amos  Reynolds. 
James  Woolley. 
P.  N.  Boyd. 
John  C.  Allen. 
II.  Norton. 
Chauncey  Merrill. 
Wm.  Burge. 
John  W.  Hiett. 
G.  Norton. 
W.  P.  Homer. 
David  Perrin. 
H.  Burritt. 
C.  Kichards. 
Curtis  Perry. 
Mark  Richardson. 
E.  Mitchell. 
James  Howey. 
Homer  Dalson. 
John  S.  Gregory. 
M.  L.  Crossett. 


W.  W.  Wolcott. 
H.  C.  Norton. 
Jacob  Brahior. 
Wm.  B.  Dicks. 
C.  M.  Norton. 
A.  C.  Potter. 
E.  Jervis. 
W.  R.  Hull. 
J.  C.  Kilbourne. 
Almeron  McKinney. 
Richard  Reed. 
J.  F.  Allen. 
A.  T.  Adams. 
Fred.  Wolcutt. 
Daniel  Phillips. 
M.  Navarre. 
John  A.  Kreps. 
Charles  Reed. 
M.  Phillips. 
Geo.  Mallett. 
James  S.  Darling. 
Alex.  C.  Forsyth. 


Geo.  W.  Dobson. 
Edward  Pratt. 
Geo.  H.  Blaker. 
A.  C.  Winslow. 
H.  Wolfinger. 

C.  A.  Scott. 
M.  R.  Langell. 
P.  C.  Holt. 
Jacob  Spangler. 
Geo.  W.  Harvey. 
Robert  A.  Forsyth. 
Geo.  W.  Reynolds,  Jr. 
Smith  Gilbert. 
Henry  Geiger. 
Caleb  Goff. 
William  Winters. 

J.  C.  Wardwell. 
John  Smith. 
Richard  Small. 
Isaac  Hull. 
Andrew  Fox. 
Eli  Carman. 
Andrew  Gessner. 
Peter  Ditzler. 

D.  Leonard. 
Rinal  Robbins. 
Jacob  Neff. 
Franklin  Hamilton. 
O.  S.  DeWolf. 
John  Williams. 
Wm.  Robertson. 
John  Farley. 
William  Burritt. 
David  Rodd. 

H.  S.  Clark. 
W.  S.  Holt. 

E.  H.  Hunter. 
E.  C.  Moore. 
Wm.  P.  Griswold. 
P.  McGovern. 
Richard  Estell. 
Thos.  Dale. 
Peter  Bollner. 
Simeon  Myers. 
James  M.  Wolcott. 
L.  Smith. 

Jacob  Zacbadus. 


J.  W.  Gillman. 
Wheeler  French. 
Robert  A.  Forsyth,  Jr. 
A.  D.  Williams. 
J.  Rojioss. 
Jacob  Stoilyer. 
Wm.  Limbrick. 
M.  A.  Patchin. 
S.  Case. 
J.  M.  Lee. 
John  E.  Cobb. 
Nicholas  Angel. 
William  Bates. 
Roliert  Potter. 
J.  H.  Kuder. 
A.  H.  Plant. 
Francis  Quiggle. 
John  Van  Horn. 
M.  Scran  ton. 
Charles  McCabe. 
R.  N.  Reynolds. 
A.  W.  Gilbert. 
Curtis  Hall. 
Frank  T.  Lane. 
Thos.  Tonergon. 
Jos.  S.  Hull, 
Thos.  H.  Phillips. 
Isaac  Stewig. 
E.  C.  Hurdley. 
John  A.  Moore. 
Geo.  Church. 
Alex.  Munch. 
Alex.  H.  Gere. 
John  Morris. 
Geo.  Steiter. 
Peter  Hopner. 
John  Dodds. 
Jacob  Kreese. 
H.  W.  Horton. 
Nicholas  Geiger. 
John  Gersbirr. 
John  Kail. 
Wm.  Phillips. 
G.  G.  Burkhart. 
Samuel  Stewig. 
John  Midsot. 


WATEKVILLE. 


James  M.  Brigham. 

Lorenzo  L.  Morehouse. 

Wm.  H.  Morehouse. 

Grin  Smith. 

Wm.  Van  Fleet. 

William  Smith. 

Elijah  Dodd. 

H.  Starkweather. 

J.  B.  Van  Rennssalaer. 

Paris  L.  Pray. 

Thos.  Pray. 

M.  W.  Pray. 

Jacob  Len. 


G.  W.  Mallory. 
Horace  Honey. 
James  Craven. 
James  Pollock. 
Aaron  Highland. 
S.  H.  Thomas. 
L.  Eastwood. 
Jesse  Huft'. 
L.  W.  Haskins. 
O.  A.  Ballou. 
C.  B.  Judson. 
John  Pray. 
Whitcomb  Haskins. 


102 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


J.  A.  Hutchinson. 
G.  H.  Ultz. 

E.  W.  Lenderson. 

F.  Briggs. 
Aaron  Col>loigl). 
Elias  Sliell. 
JaiiK's  B.  Marston. 
Frederick  Heater. 
William  D.  Mills. 
Eliiis  Reed. 
David  H.  Carroll. 
H.  B.  Gray. 
Ranatus  DcMuth. 
Thomas  T.  Gray. 
E.  S.  Burchard. 

J.  B.  Cooper. 
J.  E.  Hall. 
James  M.  Stiles. 
Andrew  Elliott. 
S.  P.  Rathbun. 
J.  H.  Scofield. 
James  Cooper. 
Benj.  E.  Barney. 
A.  Wolf. 

John  P.  Farnsworth. 
R.  Hall. 


H.  H.  Wakeman. 
William  Moorehouse. 
S.  C.  Brainard. 
A.  P.  Brainard. 
John  Doren. 
Elisha  Whitcomb. 
Emanuel  Heller. 
Jacob  Bos. 
P.  Boyer. 
John  Uutt. 
John  Restor. 
Jacob  Sander. 
E.  R.  Dyer. 
Mile  Smith. 
R.  W.  Gillett. 
Caleb  Ellis. 
James  Cole. 
Hugh  Cole. 
Marvin  Wade. 
E.  M.  Dyer. 
Charles  H.  Reed. 
J.  E.  Kilborue. 
M.  S.  Stebbins. 
John  Williams. 
G.  A.  Harne. 
O.  F.  Hall 


SYLVANIA. 


John  U.  Pease. 
Haskell  D.  Warren. 
Foster  R.  Warren. 
H.  Hawley. 
Henry  Harwood. 
John  M.  Wells. 
Lewis  Cacher. 
Samuel  H.  Decker.  * 
S.  M.  Judson. 
Owen  Hendrickson. 
PelegT.  Clark. 
David  Harroun. 
D.  W.  Frary. 
Joseph  Zeigeu. 
S.  K.  Wilcox. 
A.  A.  Wilcox. 
Geo.  P.  Dolph. 
W.  H.  Warren. 

A.  O.  Holloway. 
Fred.  Hartman. 
Crawford  Smith. 

B.  R.  Butler. 
B.  Smith. 
Amos  Redding. 
Nelson  E.  Shattock. 
N.  Leonardson. 
Wm.  J.  Phelps. 

S.  T.  Chase. 
R.  H.  Alexander. 
Wm.  A.  Adams. 
Wm.  Clamflitts. 
James  Mann. 
John  H.  Van  Pelt. 


Lewis  Sears. 
Wm.  B.  Warren. 
Henry  Hassan. 
Wm.  H.  Huling. 
Garret  Vroman. 
Andrew  Printuji. 
Isaac  Washburn. 
W.  A.  Crandall. 
John  Polley. 
Geo.  Van  Pelt. 
Amos  Hopper. 
David  P.  Baker. 
Hiram  Hollister. 
William  Evison. 
Lewis  P.  Smith. 
W.  H.  Taylor. 
Wm.  VandeViurg. 
Robert  Shoeppel. 
P.  V.  Moon. 
Timothy  Bressner. 
Thomas  Probert. 
John  L.  Hendrickson. 
Samuel  Young. 
H.  Parker. 
William  Crane. 
Daniel  Tuthili. 
Wm.  R.  Faxon. 
Wm.  Tuttlepen. 
Isaac  M.  Hatch. 
Alden  A.  Roberts. 
R.  Gridley. 
George  Hattersley. 
John  Bertholf. 


E.  H.  Eaton. 
S.  Perschall. 

E.  N.  Acres. 

B.  B.  Comstock. 
James  H.  Keller. 
Isaac  Farnham. 
Thos.  Brimercombe. 
Joseph  Smith. 
Alonzo  Hines. 
Geo.  Hendrickson. 
John  Phelps. 
John  Gridley. 

A.  Comstock. 
S.  B.  McGlenn. 
A.  Cherry. 
S.  Collins. 

C.  H.  Hagerman. 
George  Gerwick. 
Harmon  Murphy. 
Jas.  P.  Ostrande. 
John  Kenvole. 
Nicholas  D.  Young. 
P.  V.  Moon. 
John  M.  Tubb. 
Orris  F.  Tubb. 
John  Bellman. 

D.  Kruse. 
Henry  Vaughn. 
Thomas  Greenavey. 
C.  M.  Griffith. 
Perry  D.  Seager. 
John  P.  Cornell. 
Reuben  Treadway. 
Isaac  Duncan. 

F.  Bertholf. 

C.  H.  Gilchrist. 

D.  Roberts. 
Samuel  H.  Nasou. 
John  Buskirk. 

D.  S.  Dalley. 
A.  Bowland. 
C.  N.  Lewis. 
Henry  H.  Roberts. 

E.  Green. 
P.  Sealing. 

C.  H.  Kennedy. 


Isaac  Bertholf. 
David  Brown. 
J.  J.  Ritchie. 
J.  H.  Parker. 
Abram  Jesup. 
D.  W.  Frary. 
Robert  Deshong. 
Oscar  Collins. 
Henry  Hubbard. 
S.  H.  Matthews. 
Henry  Frat. 

B.  Bellows,  Jr. 
Edward  Maloney. 
Jacob  Van  Alstine. 
O.  Holloway. 

W.  B.  Butts. 
Wm.  Patton. 
N.  Vickery. 
S.  M.  Judson. 
Isaac  Taft. 
Geo.  W.  Talbott. 
W.  Lenderson. 

D.  P.  Gilson. 

A.  D.  Blanchard. 
A.  Wintemart. 

A.  C.  Granger. 
Benj.  Joy. 
Ira  Harriden. 
John  Showier. 
N.  Dennis. 
Joseph  Warren. 
James  Haskell. 
Geo.  W.  Clark. 
James  H.  Colden. 
Wm.  W.  Wilson. 
J.  J.  H.  Ingall. 

S.  W.  Bradley. 
Edward  Lester. 

E.  Comstock. 
Alonzo  Crandall. 
J.  V.  Moore. 

W.  A.  Crandall. 

C.  Dolph. 

B.  H.  Whitney. 
J.  M.  Thompson. 


MANHATT.VN. 


"Had  no  hands— both  lost  in  battle.  Said  "Amen,"  to  the  paper. 


Thomas  Wynn. 
Peter  Mouieny. 
James  L.  Cha.se. 
S.  F.  Bailey. 
John  L.  Brown. 
T.  Tompkins. 
D.  E.  Ford. 
Warren  Salisbury. 
Amos  Brown. 
A.  H.  Brown. 
Jacob  Carson. 
Montgomery  Carson. 
Robert  Carson. 
S.  M.  Denman. 


Stephen  Arguetts. 
Charles  A.  Straight. 
John  Perry. 
Andrew  Custash. 
Ferdinand  Rinaldi. 
Francis  Entew. 
Henry  Elackmeyer. 
Martin  Blackmeyer. 
John  W.  Bitter. 
John  T.  Kuber. 
Henry  Shields. 
Henry  Hurzstadt. 
Jokam  Haas. 
John  Brickman. 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  HOME    WORK. 


103 


Edwin  Case. 
T.  W.  Taylor. 
Wm.  Hulest. 
John  Koch. 
Peter  Koch. 
John  Koth. 
Peter  McTague. 
David  Springsted. 
John  Crucher. 
A.  Jerome. 
McKees  Murphy. 
Gilbert  Delye. 
Oliver  Delye. 
Aiign.stus  Crucher. 
William  Ward. 

C.  B.  Holloway. 
Perry  Wood. 
Hiram  Wiltse. 
Harrison  Hubbell. 
S.  G.  Ca.ss. 
James  Wood. 
John  Wood. 

M.  S.  Hubbell. 
Jonathan  Barlow. 
Kev.  John  Butler. 
Elisha  L.  Wood. 
Nathaniel  Hooker. 
Wm.  S.  Jay. 
John  C.  Delgart. 
Jacob  Eagley. 
Absalom  Arn. 
A.  C.  Dermott. 
Edward  Lees. 
Franklin  Y.  Hall. 
J.  Ain. 

.Samuel  Dermott. 
Daniel  Bailey. 

D.  D.  Hodges. 
Philo  Hall. 
Frederich  Hoeht.   . 
James  McDermott. 
Samuel  Rodd. 
Harry  Gunn. 
John  Harrington. 
Calvin  Pincnutt. 
Oscar  Stow. 

J.  Elliott. 
A.  Brown. 
George  Wilber. 
J.  W.  Jerome. 
F.  Hamilton. 
RoVjertTheo.  Vhees. 
Smith  Edington. 
John  McNess. 
Nathan  B.  McNutt. 
Wm.  J.  McNutt. 
S.  D.  Hilcox. 
James  Jay. 
James  Carlis. 
Josiah  Birchfield. 
C.  Clark. 


John  Lalendorf. 
Fred.  Mathers. 
E.  S.  Wynn. 
Charles  Applegate. 
James  McMurphy. 
Wm.  McMurphy. 
Moses  Mcilurphy. 
William  Kervis. 
J.  Dupont. 
John  B.  Dupont. 
Samuel  Wynn. 
Joseph  Chinavarre. 
Hubert  Delye. 
Augustus  Dusha. 


Isaac  N.  Reed. 
Joseph  Rolph. 


Charles  Clark. 
Samuel  Cable. 


PROVIDENCE. 


SPRINGFIELD. 


Michael  Sheehy. 
Bryan  Sheehy. 
Thomas  Sullivan. 
John  Walker. 
George  W.  Emerson. 
J.  W.  Rhineberger. 
George  Fought. 
Robert  Irwin. 
John  Eiklor. 
Wm.  Fletcher. 
I.evi  Z.  Leroun. 
A.  Ramsey. 
Joseph  Walker. 
Josiah  Cressy. 
John  Ironside. 
William  Elliott. 
Theodore  Burt. 
Nathan  N.  Clark. 
Thomas  Dunner. 
Jacol)  Smith. 
David  Smith. 
Samuel  R.  Jay. 
Robert  Clark. 
Levi  Manley. 
William  Manley. 
Harrison  Hubbell. 
Abram  Van  Wert. 
Elisha  L.  Wood. 
Patrick  Delaney. 
Tarlyaze  M.  B.  Rupal. 
James  Trumble. 
R.  A.  Haynes. 
Ezra  Holt. 
Barnet  Mills. 
Thomas  Watts. 
J.  W.  Cr&ssy. 
S.  P.  Lees. 
Charles  Carroll. 
Osgood  D.  Cressy. 
Josiah  Albon. 
John  Elliott. 
Elis  DeMott. 
Ausborn  Awyles. 
Jacob  Foulk. 
Henry  Cable. 
H.  J.  Reed. 


R.  C.  Quiggle. 
Marvin  Wade. 
F.  Crosby. 
V.  R.  Crosby. 
James  Roach. 
James  Roach,  Jr. 
John  Brown. 
John  Plase. 
Henry  Killon. 
John  Talbert. 
Ed.  Koenig. 
Wm.  Hutchinson. 
V.  C.  Whitcomb. 
Jacob  Baumgartner. 
F.  W.  Whitcomb. 
R.  D.  Gillett. 
Lewis  Crosby. 
R.  F.  Roach. 
B.  G.  H.  Ryder. 
Jacob  Hertzfeld. 
Alvin  Roach. 
David  Crosby. 
William  Crosby. 
John  D.  Halsey. 
Henry  Strayer. 
Jacob  Ness. 
John  Villman. 
George  Perry. 
John  Needel. 
Daniel  Walter. 
Absalom  Arbogart. 
John  J.  Boillatt, 
William  Miller. 
W.  R.  Wilson. 
Charles  Ryan. 
J.  W.  Heller. 
Seth  Winsiow. 
H.  R.  Winsiow. 


James  Hutchinson. 
Julius  Richter. 
J.  George  Atkinson. 
Wm.  Atkinson. 
David  McCulloch. 
E.  Hellon. 
D.  S.  Crosby. 
Alonzo  Crosby. 
John  Bartholl. 
Albert  Mayer. 
C.  B.  Demuth. 
Fred  Cipher. 
Peter  Diem. 
James  Ford. 
O.  Crosby. 
C.  B.  Mead. 
C.  Bucklin. 
A.  Mead. 
G.  W.  Lamb. 
W.  D.  Lamb. 
J.  Leunde. 
A.  Miller. 
Levi  Roach. 
William  Gill. 
Samuel  Miller. 
W.  S.  King. 
John  Sheets. 
H.  W.  Keeler. 
Isaac  Boillatt. 
Leonard  Kury. 
Jacob  Box. 
Michael  Ness. 
John  R.  Hight. 
A.  J.  Roach. 
A.  B.  Mead. 
Tamall  Rocherstraw. 
Isaac  Boilet. 
Robert  Wilson. 


WASHINGTON. 


Sanford  L.  Collins. 
John  W.  Collins. 
J.  P.  Collins. 
Peter  C.  Lewis. 
John  Hazleton. 
Amasa  Bishop. 
Wm.  Richards. 
Lyman  Haughton. 
W.  R.  Richards. 
Wm.  Laskey. 
Wm.  Powlesland. 
J.  W.  Colhns,  Jr. 
Charles  Henrick. 
William  Leybourn. 
John  Soulier. 
Toussaint  Leroy. 
Benj.  Mallett. 
M.  Mallett. 


H.  P.  Whitney. 
S.  P.  Whitney. 
Joseph  Gaper. 
0.  Kasler. 
H.  G.  Downer. 
George  Baker. 
John  Gibbon. 

E.  E.  Andrews. 
Samuel  G.  Lewis. 
Joel  Nye. 
ITptfm  McLain. 
John  Byrne. 

M.  R.  Johnson. 
Anson  Trowbridge. 
Charles  Hasty. 

F.  J.  Cole. 
Geo.  Stetter. 
Thos.  Secor. 


104 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


David  Walker. 
Geo.  Walker. 
&UU.  Groesenliacher. 
G.  S.  Martin. 
William  Coiintpr. 
H.  Glenn. 
Wm.  P.  Warren. 
S.  8.  Ketehauj. 
Henry  Major. 
Cliarles  E.  Burton. 
George  Careen. 
George  Wliitwill. 
Franeis  Conrsin. 
G.  E.  Bush. 

B.  Holmes. 
A.  Bersh. 
Peter  Lane. 
0.  Bush. 
G.  W.  Mallett. 

A.  Ware. 
James  Wright. 

William  Taylor. 
J.  C.  Vaughn. 
Thomas  Tunison. 
Peter  Miller. 
D.  C.  Tunison. 
Emanuel  Butts. 
Levi  Munson. 
Shubal  Munson. 
Caleb  Crissey. 
Phillip  Dennis. 
John  Murbach,  Sr. 
Alex.  Crissey. 
Charles  N.  Curtiss. 
H.  Murbach. 

C.  Young. 
John  Miller. 
John  Wairs. 
M.  Rohrbossy. 
Sebastian  Durker. 
Simon  S.  Pemberton, 
AVm.  H.  Morry. 
John  Breick. 
John  Clum,  Jr. 
Andrew  Miller. 
John  Clum,  Sr. 
Peter  Lumbriser. 
Abner  D.  Debolt. 
Samuel  Devine. 
John  Barnes. 
Peter  Raab. 
John  Farner. 

B.  T.  Geer. 
Sebastian  Brown. 
Abram  Kalcy. 
W.  D.  Herrick. 
Erastus  Brown. 
Adam  Weizel. 
David  Mills. 


Elisha  Whipple. 
Sol.  A.  Stebbins. 
W.  R.  Richards. 
John  W.  Welch. 
Augustus  Hartman. 
Edwin  Richards. 
Ransom  E.  Richards. 
Henry  C.  Richards. 
Ira  Haughton. 
Albert  Haughton. 
Orson  Haughton. 
C.  W.  Ferguson. 

A.  C.  Harris. 
Richard  Collins. 
Francis  Granger. 

B.  0.  Gordanier. 

C.  L.  Phillips. 
John  Grinage. 
Solon  Haughton. 
Paul  Kunkle. 

SPENCER. 

Abram  Johnson. 
Ezra  C.  Tunison. 
James  Patten. 
Henry  AVilliams. 
Adam  Brown. 
Alonzo  Fairchild. 
Prosser  Coon. 
Willard  Barnes. 
Frederick  Peters. 
Wilham  ColHtt. 
Charles  Nichol. 
John  Nichol. 
James  S.  White. 
Jefferson  Fairchild. 
Elisha  Bard. 
Isaac  Dennis. 
Joseph  Cunningham. 
David  Dennis. 
Joseph  Dennis. 
George  Dill. 
John  All. 
William  Brown. 
A.  B.  Johnson. 
Fayette  H.  Coon. 
Francis  S.  All. 
Solon  Morei. 
Harrison  Earns. 
Emanuel  Shrock. 
Ezra  C.  Tunison. 
Abram  Seyler. 

S  WANTON. 

Arthur  Mills. 
Oscar  F.  Mills. 
George  Gird  ham. 
Wilber  Brace. 
Thomas  Ru.ssell. 
A.  B.  Waltz. 
Wm.  McXamara. 


James  Pegden. 
James  Egnew. 
J.  G.  Holbrook. 
Jonathan  Gilbert. 
Jacob  Brown. 
John  H.  Adams. 
W.  S.  Mills. 
Abraham  Deck. 
Silas  Zeigen. 
Henry  Kiser. 
William  AUman. 
J.  C.  Mills. 
James  Plerzig. 
Oscar  Brown. 
Charles  Brockway. 
George  Curtis. 


Hiram  Haughton. 
J.  G.  Kellogg. 
W.  Woodard. 
C.  Dugan. 
J.  Warner. 
Daniel  Kaley. 
M.  Carney. 
James  Patten. 
J.  J.  Dugan. 
Robert  A.  Haynes. 
P.  Vandenhoff. 
Isaac  B.  Ellis. 
Anthou)'  Herrick. 
Cyrus  Davis. 
Michael  Phalen. 
John  Halpin. 

Pliny  Lathrop. 
C.  C.  Lathrop. 
Henry  Metcalf. 
Asaph  Ely. 
George  F.  Ford. 
Levi  Ford. 
Wallace  R.  Ford. 
Otis  Ford. 
Eugene  F.  Ford. 
Charles  Ford. 
Lucius  L.  Ford. 
E.  Buck. 
M.  P.  Sanderson. 
Menzo  Grover. 
James  J.  Lathrop. 
L.  C.  Lathrop. 
Lorenzo  Lathrop. 
Wm.  W.  Wilson. 
Henry  C.  Ely. 
James  Wood. 
M.  Bennett. 
Alanson  Bennett. 
William  Swift. 
Jame.s  Farley. 
David  Mangel. 
Stephen  Green. 


Adam  Brown. 
Robert  W.  Taylor. 
John  Atkinson. 
J.  W.  Deck. 
Thomas  Tunison. 
Charles  Lampman. 
James  C.  Wales. 
Daniel  Allman. 
John  Shepler. 
Joseph  Shepler. 
Jacob  Herzig. 
George  N.  Gardner. 
John  G.  Wales. 
Charles  Brown. 
John  C.  Sherwood. 
WoodrufT  A.  Curtis. 


Harvey  Kellogg. 

B.  F.  Cunningham. 

C.  F.  Bates. 
L.  Merickel. 
John  McMillen. 

G.  W.  Cunningham. 
Frederick  Newbitt. 
John  Patten. 
Josiah  Clark. 
G.  S.  Monelly. 
Jacob  Hunt. 
Patsy  Fotie. 
John  Jeall. 
Frederick  Hoffman. 
Gilbert  Jacobs. 

RICHFIELD. 

Henry  Chule,  Jr. 
M.  F.  Collins. 
Daniel  Brint. 
Peter  Waterman. 
James  Talva. 
William  Gray. 
George  Polly. 
Jonas  Woltinger. 
George  Wickham. 
A.  Bordeaux. 
W.  M.  Whitney. 
P.  C.  Turner. 
R.  Sawyer. 
L.  W.  Hendrickson. 
David  Hendrickson. 
A.  Buck,  Sr. 
G.  VV.  Hughes. 
T.  Vetter. 
Thomas  Gorman. 
G.  B.  White. 
Martin  Perky. 
Wm.  L.  Bennett. 
Charles  D.  Sprague. 
Ellas  Welch. 

D.  H.  Farley. 
D.  D.  Hawes. 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— HOME   WORK. 


105 


In  this  connection,  the  following  admirable 
production,  from  the  pen  of  Professor  W.  A.  C. 
Converse,  then  Principal  of  the  Toledo  High 
School,  is  deemed  jaertinent  and  fitting  for 
preservation  ; 

THE  SOLDIERS'  APPEAL. 

[Suggested  at  the  Union  Meeting,  Toledo,  March  2, 1SG3.] 

Hear  ye  the  voice  tbat  speaks  afar. 
From  every  blood-stained  field  of  War — 
In  strife— above  the  bugle  blast; 
In  dying  tones,  when  strife  is  past. 

Hear  ye,  the  words  our  Brothers  speak, 
Who  stand  for  us  within  the  fight— 

"  O,  for  the  helpless  and  the  weak. 
Ye  Patriot  Men,  Unite— Unite !  " 

Brave  Men  from  the  Atlantic's  strand 
Meet  Braves  from  the  far  "  Golden  Land ;" 
The  Heroes  from  the  Mountain  side 
Greet  Heroes  from  the  Prairies  wide. 

Behold  them,  partisans  no  more. 
Contending  side  by  side  for  right. 

Oh,  hear  their  million  tongues  implore — 
"  For  love  of  God.  Unite— Unite !  " 

From  Ellsworth's  grave,  from  Baker's  blood — 
From  fields  W'here  fallen  thousauds  stood — 
Thousands,  who  fondly  hoped  to  be 
Shrined  in  a  Nation's  memory— 

From  twice  ten  thousand  graves,  there  comes 
The  earnest  voice  we  hear  to-night  - 

And  twice  ten  thousand  mourning  homes 
Echo  the  words,  "  Unite- Unite  !  " 

Nay,  from  graves  the  older  Heroes  fill- 
From  Yorktovvn,  Trenton,  Bunker  Hill— 
From  Vernon's  Tomb,  from  Marshfield's  sage  — 
From  Ashland  and  the  Hermitage— 

The  gray-haired  men  from  every  tomb. 
Potent  where  our  shattered  armies  fight : 

List  to  the  countless  tones  that  come— 
"  For  Country,  Home,  and  God,  Unite !  " 

Great  God  in  Heaven  !  before  Thee  now, 
We  register  our  holy  vow: 
Our  Party  names— we  spurn  them  all, 
And  swear,  whatever  may  befall, 

While  Traitors  raise  a  Hag  on  high. 
We'll  aid  our  Brothers  in  the  fight; 

"  For  Union,  we  will  live  and  die — 
So  help  us  God.  w'E  will  Unite  !  " 


The  purpose  of  this  movement  in  response  to 
the  appeal  of  the  Ohio  Soldiers,  was  met  in  a 
high  degree.  Probably  no  popular  movement 
in  this  section  during  the  war,  was  more  timely 
or  more  potent  in  arousing  the  spirit  of  loy- 
alty, which  for  some  time  had  seemed  latent, 
and  thus  without  projjer  influence  in  maintain- 
ing an  active  co  oi)eration  at  home,  while  tend- 
ing to  depress  and  discourage  the  Soldiers  in 
the  field.  The  efi"ect  of  the  appeal  of  the  Ohio 
Soldiers  was  by  no  means  limited  to  their  own 
State,  but  it  was  accepted  by  loyal  citizens 
throughout  the  country,  as  no  less  addressed  to 
them,  and  with  them  it  had  corresponding  in- 
fluence in  awakening  a  desired  spirit  of  loyalty 
and  activity.  The  result  was  a  general  stimu- 
lus to  the  Union  cause   through   the   North, 


whereby  was  made  more  free  needed  recruits 
for  depleted  Regiments,  while  the  hearts  and 
nerves  ot  the  Soldiers  at  the  front  were  greatly 
strengthened  by  such  timely  assurance  of  home 
support.  As  a  consequence  largely  of  this 
state  of  things,  the  camjjaign  of  1863  early  de- 
veloj)ed  features  of  renewed  energy,  and  was 
marked  with  corresponding  efiiciencj'  and  suc- 
cess. Grant's  Army  was  permitted  to  celebrate 
the  4th  of  July  in  Vicksburg.  The  brilliant 
success  at  Gettysburg,  and  the  capture  of 
Port  Hudson,  with  other  signal  victories, 
united  to  mark  the  change  in  the  situation 
which  loyal  citizens  had  so  greatlj'  desired; 
the  people  of  Ohio  having  special  satisfaction 
in  the  defeat  and  capture  of  John  Morgan,  on 
his  mad  raid  witliin  this  State.  The  reverse 
in  feeling  which  tliesc  successes  produced,  is 
indicated  by  two  editorial  articles  in  the  Toledo 
Blade,  the  one  of  June  30th,  when  the  culmi- 
nation of  long-delayed  military  operations  in 
different  directions  had  wrought  the  popular 
feeling  to  the  highest  pitch  of  anxiety  and  &])- 
23rehension  of  defeat;  and  tiie  other— just  one 
week  later  — when  Gettysburg  and  Vicksburg 
had  electrified  the  North  with  their  brilliant 
victories  for  loyal  arms. 

From  the  Toledo  Blade  of  June  30,  1863: 
DON'T  CROAK! 

If  we  could  utter  but  two  words,  at  an  hour  like 
this,  we  think  they  would  be,  "  Don't  Ckoak  !  " 
Croaking  does  nobody  good— especially  the  croaker. 
It  sours  his  mind  and  feelings  toward  everybody,  and 
the  Government  in  particular,  while  it  more  or  less  dis- 
courages and  disheartens  all  who  listen  to  him.  It 
there  be  a  man  in  the  community,  whom  we  feel  like 
going  round  a  block  to  avoid,  it  is  one  of  these  "birds 
of  ill-omen  "—these  dog-in-the-manger  characters— 
who,  seeing  no  good  they  can  do,  consider  themselves 
as  specially  commissioned  to  carp  and  find  fault  with 
every  one  who  tries  to  do  good  without  consulting 
them.  We  submit,  if  this  be  the  part  of  patriots  at 
a  time  like  the  present?  The  Government  needs  the 
best  help  the  peoiile  can  render,  to  extricate  the  Na- 
tion from  its  present  difficulties.  Does  croaking  fur- 
nish such  help  ?  We  are  not  to  stop  here  to  wrangle 
about  men  or  past  mistakes,  but  to  enquire  where  we 
can  strike  the  most  efi'ective  blow  for  our  bleeding 
country.  If  errors  in  leaders  would  justify  the  Civil- 
ian in  withholding  aid  from  the  Government,  then 
would  such  also  warrant  the  .Soldier  in  aljandoning 
his  post;  for  the  obligation  of  the  man  in  the  field  to 
stand  by  the  Government,  in  defeat  and  in  reverses, 
is  no  stronger  than  is  that  of  the  man  at  home.  What 
would  excuse  the  one,  would  excuse  the  other.  The 
Soldier  is  daily  called  to  make  sacrifices  and  hazard 
his  life  to  correct  the  errors  of  leaders.  Why  should 
not  others  do  the  same '? 


106 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


From  Toledo  Blade,  July  7,  1863 : 

VICTORY ! 

Thank  God,  for  the  occasion  for  again  writing  tliat 
word!  We  never  doubted  tliat  sncli  grateful  priv- 
ilege would  be  granted  us.  Our  faith  in  the  darkest 
hours  of  recent  dark  days,  never  failed  us.  Still,  the 
portentous,  gloomy  present,  wa.s  painful  and  oppres- 
sive. And  what  a  relief,  to  have  it  changed  !  How 
the  heart  rebounds,  when  the  weiglit  of  disappoint- 
ment and  reverses  is  removed,  and  faith  gives  place 
to  reality  I  How  grateful  to  every  true  patriot,  is  the 
thought,  that  all  the  immense  preparations  and  stu- 
pendous plans  of  the  enemy  for  ravaging  the  peace- 
ful, prosperous  North,  and  seizing  the  National  Cap- 
ital, have  been  not  onh-  frustrated  and  safety  restored 
where  imminent  danger  threatened ;  but  the  in- 
vading hosts  terribly  punished,  if  not  totally  annihi- 
lated. The  lesson  we  desire  to  draw  from  this  expe- 
rience, is,  that  we  should  cultivate  a  more  rational, 
and  consequently,  a  more  abiding  faith  in  the  ulti- 
mate success  of  our  cause.  We  should,  so  far  as 
possible,  avoid  extravagant  expectations  of  success, 
and  thereby  be  the  better  prepared  for  reverses 
which  we  have  reason  to  expect.  The  authorities 
and  the  gallant  men  in  the  Army  and  the  Kavy,  have 
enough  to  do  to  meet  and  thwart  the  consummate 
skill  and  desperate  efforts  of  the  enemy,  without  the 
"  fire  in  the  rear  "  with  which  tinreasoning  croakers 
harass  them.  If  the  latter  cannot  afford  to  do,  can't 
they  aflbrd  to  wait  f 

In  July,  1862,  a  series  of  public  meetings 
were  held  in  Lucas  County,  tinder  the  auspices 
of  the  Militar}'  Committee,  for  the  purpose, 
chiefly  of  promoting  enlistments  in  the  Union 
Army.  These  were  held  in  every  Township, 
and  were  addressed  by  different  citizens,  in- 
cluding E.  C.  Lemmon,  Wm.  Kraus,  E.  P. 
Bassett,  M.  E.  Waite,  D.  E.  Gardner,  F.  Henig, 
Sr.,  Thomas  Duulap,  S.  A.  Eaymond,  W.  C. 
Earl,  L.  H.  Pike,  Nathan  Eeeve,  J.  E.  Osborn, 
J.  V:  Hall,   J.  M.  Eitehie,    Wm.  M.  White,    D. 

E.  Austin,  B.  T.  Geer,  Wm.  Baker,  Eev.  E.  B. 
Morrison,  Eev.  Ambrose  HoUington,  E.  C. 
Marksheffel,  Geo.  E.  Haynes,  Andrew  Young, 

F.  A.  Jones,  Wheeler  French,  John  J.  Manor, 
and  A.  G.  Clark.  The  result  of  these  meetings 
was  materially  to  awaken  a  popular  sense  of 
the  needs  of  the  Government  and  of  the  obli- 
gation of  loj'al  citizens  promptly  and  effectu- 
ally to  meet  such  want. 

March  20, 1863,  in  pursuance  of  a  call  signed 
by  several  iiundred  citizens  of  Toledo,  a  large 
meeting  was  held  at  White's  Hall,  when  a 
Loyal  National  League  was  organized.  The 
nature  and  purpose  of  the  organization  was  set 
forth  in  the  call,  as  follows : 


We  pledge  ourselves  to  an  unconditional  loyalty 
to  the  Government  of  the  United  States— to  an  un- 
wavering support  to  its  efibrts  to  suppress  the  Rebel- 
lion—and to  spare  no  endeavor  to  maintain,  unim- 
paired, the  National  Vnity,  both  in  principle  and  in 
territorial  boundary.  The  primary  object  of  this 
League,  is,  and  shall  be,  to  bind  together  all  Loyal 
Men — of  all  trades  and  professions — in  a  common 
Union— to  maintain  the  power,  the  glory  and  the  in- 
tegrity of  the  Nation. 

The  meeting  was  called  to  order  by  Wm. 
Baker,  on  whose  motion  Mayor  Manor  was 
made  Chairman,  W.  C.  Earl  being  appointed 
Secretary.  Wm.  Baker,  Geo.  W.  Davis,  Wm. 
Kraus,  Chas.  Pratt  and  Chas.  Dodge,  were  ap- 
pointed a  Committee  to  prepare  a  constitution 
for  the  League;  and  A.  G.  Clark,  D.  E.  Gard- 
ner, J.  A.  Scott,  J.  M.  Eitehie  and  Jacob 
Landman,  a  Committee  to  recommend  officers 
for  the  same.  Mr.  Baker  read  a  letter  to  the 
Union  demonstration  of  March  18th,  from 
General  J.  B.  Steedman,  when  three  cheers 
were  given  for  its  author.  The  Committee 
presented  the  following  list  of  temporary  offi- 
cers for  the  League,  which  was  adopted,  to  wit : 
President,  Denison  B.  Smith  ;  Vice  Presidents, 
Augustus  Thomas,  Wm.  Baker,  J.J.  Manor; 
Secretaries,  C.  H.  Coy,  Ernst  Greiner;  Cor.- 
Secretary,  Wm.  C.  Earl;  Treasurer,  Denison 
Steele.  John  E.  Osboru  and  Captain  C.  W. 
Moulton,  upon  call,  addressed  the  meeting, 
when  it  adjourned  to  meet  March  30th,  at 
which  time  the  constitution  was  adopted,  and 
the  League  was  addressed  bj-  E.  D.  Nj^e,  Esq., 
then  recently  from  the  South.  April  6th,  the 
League  again  met,  when  permanent  officers 
were  chosen,  as  follows:  President,  Denison 
B.  Smith ;  Vice  Presidents,  1st  Ward,  Wm. 
Baker;  2d  Ward,  Matthew  Brown;  3d  Ward, 
Peter  Lenk ;  4th  Ward,  Wm.  C.  Huffman; 
5th  Ward,  James  C.  Hall ;  6th  Ward,  Alonzo 
Eogers;  Eec.  Secretaries,  C.  H.  Coy,  Ernst 
Greiner;  Cor.  Secretary,  Darwin  E.  Gardner; 
Treasurer,  Wm.  Kraus.  A  letter  was  read  from 
Judge  James  Myers,  Eepresentative,  at  Co- 
lumbus, approving  of  the  movement. 

Pursuant  to  the  call  of  a  number  of  German 
citizens,  a  large  and  enthusiastic  meeting  of 
that  nationality  was  held  at  Philharmonic 
Hall,  Toledo,  March  28,  1863,  of  which  Dr. 
Valentine  Braun  was  President,  and  Ernst 
Greiner  Secretary.  Guido  Marx  read  an  ad- 
dress and  resolutions  from  Companj'  H,  14th 
Ohio  Infantrj',  when  the  following  committee 
was  appointed  to  draft  an  address  in  response 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— HOME   WORK. 


107 


to  the  same,  to  wit:  Dr.  Hohly,  Dr.  Plessner, 
Geo.  Weaver,  Ignace  Wernert  and  Guide 
Marx.  Jacob  Landman,  A.  Bunert  and  Guido 
Marx  were  ajipointed  a  committee  to  make  ar- 
rangements for  the  organization  of  a  German 
Loyal  Leagiie.  The  meeting  was  addressed  by 
Wm.  Ivrau.s,  J.  M.  Ashley,  Dr.  Plessner,  An- 
drew Stephan  and  G.  Marx.  The  meeting  was 
regarded  as  a  success. 

In   1863,  for   the    purpose   of  provision  for 
whatever   demand    might   be    made   for   men 


in  support  of  the  Government,  the  State  was 
thoroughly  enrolled  and  largely  organized  as 
the  Ohio  National  Guard,  nine  Districts  having 
been  created  for  such  purpose,  the  Ninth  con- 
sisting of  the  Counties  of  Lucas,  Fulton,  Wood, 
Williams,  Defiance,  Henry,  Paulding,  Putnam, 
Van  AVert,  Allen,  Hancock,  Seneca,  Huron, 
Erie,  Sandusky  and  Ottawa.  In  July,  elec- 
tions of  Compan}'  officers  were  held  in  the  sev- 
eral Counties,  and  Eegiments  organized.  The 
following  officers  were  chosen  in  Lucas  County : 


FIRST     REGIMENT. 


COMPANY 

MCATION 

CAPTAIN 

FIRST  LIEUTENANT 

SECOND  LIEUTENANT 

A     .     .     .. 

1st  Ward,  Toledo  

E.  B.  Bronson 

E.  P.  Eaton 

John  Tollman _ 

Harlow  J.  Boice 

Geo.  Kapp - — 

B 

C 

..                              K 

John  Nauman 

S.  W.  Freeman 

Artius  Weil 

D 

.<             (( 

E 

•'d  Ward       " 

Fred.  Ingold 

John  H.  Fork 

Dan.  J.  Mattocks,  Jr 

Joseph  B.  Fisk 

John  Ascheubrenner 

John  Kessler 

F 

((             >i 

Chas.  H.  Harroun 

G 

>.             .. 

Ernest  Kibbe - 

H 

.1             .. 

Chas.  \V.  Hall 

Henrv  Bruksieker 

I 

,1             .. 

Wolfgang  Fox    _  . 

John  Schumaker 

K 

«            I. 

Jacob  Gelzer 

John  Boyer - 

SECOND    REGIMENT. 


COMPANY 

LOCATION 

CAPTAIN 

FIRST  LIEUTENANT 

SECOND  LIEUTENANT 

A       .. 

3d  Ward,  Toledo 

„            1, 

Geo.  A.  Bishop 

Wm.  0.  Brown. 

Julius  Parcher.-    

G.  Goldsmith 

Chas.  P.  Boardman 

B.  H.  Hitchcock 

C 

Stephen  W.  Dyer 

Chas.  C.  Starr 

Jus.  W.  Clarke 

D 

F      . 

John  G.  Barbank 

Leander  Burdick 

M.  Dooley 

Jas.  Dority    

G 

4th  Ward,    "        

Timothy  B.  Mellay 

Thos.  Gregory 

H 



Wm.  H.  Dyer 

Ed    Slalone 

Chas.  Woodbury  

K. 

James  Mattlmore 

Patrick  Waters 

THIRD    REGIMENT. 


A  . 

B. 
C. 
D  . 
E. 
F. 
G. 
H. 
I.. 
K. 


5th  Ward,  Toledo. 


6th  " 

Manhattan  .. 
Washington  . 


Sylvauia  . 

.4 

Adams... 


CAPTAIN 


Alfred  W.  Gleason. 

[No  return] 

James  Coyle 

James  Ford 

Edward  Chase. 

[No  return] 

Ed.  Upton  

Wm.  D.  Moore 

[No  return] 

Hiram  Haughton... 


FIRST  LIEUTENANT 


J.  Paul  Jones. 


Ferd.  Johnson 

Richard  Garner., 
Samuel  Jacobs — 


N.  A.  Cone.... 
H.  H.  Warren - 


Alonzo  Lane. 


SECOND  LIEUTENANT 


E.  Yardley. 


Henry  Thoensing. 

John  Downey 

E.  S.  Wynn 


Upton  McLain 

Nathaniel  Cooper. 


J.  Reynolds. 


FOURTH    REGIMENT. 

C0.MPANY 

LOCATION                                                   CAPTAIN 

FIHST  LIEUTENANT 

SECOND  LIEUTENANT 

A 

Richfield 

Spencer.. _ 

W  Tunison                - 

Wm.  Gowman 

G.  F.  Ford - 

B 

c 

J.  W.  Cressey 

John  Miller                     ...     . 

Edward  Carroll 

D 

W    R    Hull 

Frank  Witzler 

E 

Wm.  Robertson 

Louis  Kaiser 

Philip  Ruchel 

Oscar  F.  Mills 

P.  H.  Pray 

A.  Walp - 

Geo.  H.  Blaker — 

Monclova 

SwantOD 

H.  C.  Norton 

G 

Wm   A    Scott 

Thos.  Russell 

H 

R.  W.   Gillette 

I 

J  Farriugton 

M.  W.  Pray 

K 

R.  C.  Quieele 

D.  G.  Crosby 

Levi  Stutts 

Captains  E.  B.  Bronson.  N.  M.  Howard,  James  Ford  and  C.  B.  HoUoway,  were  detailed  to  act  as  Colonels  until  the  election  of 
field  officers. 


los 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Subsequently,  Luther  Whitney  was  elected 
Colonel,  Geo.  W.  Merrill,  Lieutenant-Colonel, 
and  E.  Kibbe,  .Major,  of  the  1st  Eegiment; 
Captain  N.  M.  Howard,  Colonel,  C.  C.  Starr, 
Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  W.  H.  Dyer,  Major, 
of  the  2d  Regiment;  James  Ford,  Colonel, 
Stephen  S.  Kingsley,  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and 
W.  n.  Huling,  Major,  of  the  3d  Regiment;  and 
J.  Farrington,  Colonel,  C.  B.  Holloway,  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel, and  W.  A.  Scott,  JIajor,  of  the 
4th  Regiment. 

Camps  for  di-ill  were  established  in  the  sev- 
eral Districts,  that  for  the  Ninth  having  been 
located  at  Toledo,  the  ground  selected  being 
out  Cherry  street,  about  two  miles  from  Sum- 
mit street,  and  the  time  September  18th-2.3d, 
inclusive.  In  camp  were  about  10,000  men, 
divided  into  three  Brigades,  commanded  as 
follows:  1st  Brigade,  Colonel  D.  F.  DeWolf; 
2d  Brigade,  Colonel  Stearns ;  3d  Brigade,  Col- 
onel Kelsea,  the  latter  including  eight  Compa- 
nies of  Ist  Regiment,  Lucas  County,  Colonel 
C.  B.  Phillips.  The  stalf  officers  of  General 
Hill,  as  instructor  of  the  Camp,  were  as  fol- 
lows: Colonel  C.  B.  Phillips,  Chief;  Colonel 
N.  M.  Howard  and  Captain  Richard  Waite, 
Aides-de-Camp ;  Colonel  Luther  Whitnej',  In- 
spector; Lieutenant  M.  H.  Austin,  Assistant- 
Inspector;  Lieutenant-Colonel  C.  C.  Starr  and 
Lieutenant  Fielding  S.  Cable,  Acting  Assistant 
Adjutant-Generals;  S.  S.  Thorn,  M.  D.,  and 
Chas.  Cochran,  M.  D.,  Surgeons.  Other  details 
were  made,  as  follows :  Lieutenant  Chas.  N. 
Stevens  and  Frank  McGinniss,  Clerks  to  Gen- 
eral Commanding  ;  Lieutenant  JamesW.  Clark, 
Clerk  to  Acting  Assistant  Adjutant-General ; 
Lieutenant  Pomeroy,  Postmaster;  Lieutenant 
Jetfrey  "Wheeler  and  Wm.  Clark,  Orderlies  to 
General  Commanding;  J.  Burgoon,  Orderly  to 
Acting  Assistant  Adjutant-General;  Sergeant 
S.  "W.  Hart,  Orderly  to  Inspector.  On  the  23d, 
the  Camp  was  visited  by  Governor  Tod,  who 
there  reviewed  the  ti'oops  and  addressed  them 
at  some  length,  expressing  his  high  gratifica- 
tion at  both  the  numbers  present  and  the  pro- 
gress made  in  their  drill.  He  said  it  was 
possible,  that  before  the  season  was  ended,  they 
might  be  called  upon  to  cross  the  State  to  meet 
a  Southern  foe.  If  General  Eosecrans  should 
be  compelled  to  fall  back,  the  Soldiers  then  in 
camp  would  be  needed,  and  he  assured  them 
he  would  give  them  an  opportunity  to  "  show 
their  steel."     This  announcement  was  received 


with  prolonged  cheering,  the  men  swinging 
their  hats.  He  said  that  in  March  previous, 
Ohio  was  found  to  be  30,000  men  ahead  of  her 
proper  quota.  The  Governor  closed  with  a 
call  for  three  cheers  for  General  Hill,  in  recog- 
nition of  his  success  as  Commandant  of  the 
Camp,  and  of  his  prominent  service  in  the  in- 
ception and  organization  of  the  State  Militia. 
From  10,000  to  12,000  persons  were  reported 
as  present  on  the  occasion.  The  Camp  broke 
uj)  on  the  24th  of  September,  and  at  1  p.  m. 
the  troops  marched  to  the  Union  Railway  de- 
pot, passing  through  the  City.  The  streets  were 
verj-  generally  adorned  with  stars  and  stripes 
and  other  marks  of  respect  for  the  soldiers. 
At  the  corner  of  Summit  and  Monroe  streets, 
they  were  halted,  when  in  an  appropriate  fare- 
well order,  General  Hill  took  leave  of  them. 

As  a  train  on  the  Dayton  k  Michigan  Rail- 
road, bearing  Volunteer  Infantry  on  their  way 
for  drill  at  (Jamp  Lucas,  Toledo,  was  passing 
around  the  curve  in  that  Road,  in  East  Toledo, 
in  September,  1863,  a  "pony  "  engine  collided 
with  the  train,  killing  John  Scott  and  William 
Philo,  of  Wood  County,  and  injuring  many 
others  more  or  less  seriously.  A  fund  for  the 
benefit  of  the  families  of  the  deceased,  was 
raised  by  contributions  of  the  soldiers  at  the 
Camp,  which  amounted  to  about  $725. 

In  August,  1862,  Major  Lewis  Butler,  com- 
manding 67tli  Ohio,  wrote  a  letter  in  which  he 
said:  "I  will  send  our  old  flag  to  the  citizens 
of  Toledo  at  the  first  opportunity.  It  is  so 
completely  riddled,  that  it  is  no  longer  service- 
able to  us.  Let  it  be  preserved  as  a  token  of 
their  generositj-,  and  let  all  who  look  upon  it, 
breathe  a  silentprayer  for  those  brave  defenders 
of  their  country,  who  fell  fighting  for  its  pro- 
tection "  October  1,  1863,  this  flag  was  for- 
mally delivered  to  the  Toledo  City  Council,  by 
Maj^or  Dorr,  with  a  letter  ft-ora  Colonel  A.  C. 
Voris,  making  fitting  mention  of  the  scenes 
through  which  the  banner  had  passed,  without 
a  stain  or  reproach  on  those  who  gallantly  bore 
it.  Appropriate  resolutions  were  adojited  by 
the  Council,  accepting  the  flag  and  recognizing 
the  heroism  of  the  Regiment. 

March  31.  1864,  the  Toledo  Board  of  Trade 
appointed  the  following  named  persons  as  a 
committee  to  visit  Cleveland,  to  meet  the  com- 
mittee on  Naval  Affairs  of  Congress,  and  to 
submit  for  its  consideration  the  advantages  of 
Toledo  as  a  location  for  a  Navy  Yard,  to  wit: 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  HOME   WORK. 


109 


Harry  Chase,  T.  C.  Stewart,  J.  W.  Scott,  Rich- 
ard Mott,  M.  E.  Waite,  Wm.  Baker  and  S.  M. 
Young.  At  this  time  Cono-ress  was  seriously 
considering  the  policy  of  more  adequate  means 
of  protection  for  the  Lakes  from  attack  by 
Eebel  forces,  Canadian  sympathizers  and  dis- 
loyal combinations  within  the  Northern  States. 
The  rebellion  collapsed  before  definite  meas- 
ures were  adopted  to  that  end. 

In  view  of  apprehended  i-aids  b^-  Confeder- 
ates operating  from  Canada,  attention  was 
called  to  the  policy  of  temporary  defense  at 
different  points  on  Lake  Erie.  In  accordance 
with  such  purpose.  Colonel  T.  J.  Cram,  of 
United  States  Corps  of  Engineers,  made  report 
to  the  War  Department  in  January,  1864,  of  a 
plan  for  the  mouth  of  the  Maiimee  River  and 
harbor  of  Toledo.  Among  other  provisions, 
he  suggested  for  the  outer  harbor,  20,  30  and 
100-pound  Parrott  guns,  and  8  and  10-inch 
Columbiads  en  barbette,  for  Turtle  Island  ;  a 
co-operative  Battery  at  North  Cape  Ridge,  and 
a  Battery  on  Cedar  Point.  For  the  inner  har- 
bor, he  recommended  three  Batteries,  two  one 
side,  and  one  on  the  other,  of  the  River,  be- 
tween its  mouth  and  the  Middle  Ground  in  the 
City.  November  10,  18(34,  Major-General  Joe 
Hooker  visited  Toledo,  and  by  invitation, 
briefly  addressed  the  Board  of  Trade.  The 
object  of  his  visit  was  to  examine  the  harbor 
and  Bay,  with  reference  to  any  defenses  that 
might  be  feasible.  He  expressed  the  opinion 
that  a  Battery  located  on  the  bluff  at  the  West 
point  of  Presque  Isle,  and  another  on  a  point  op- 
posite on  the  main  land,  would  afford  ample  pro- 
tection. This  oijinion  was  based  on  examination 
then  made.  No  steps  ever  were  taken  toward 
carrying  out  either  of  the  above  suggestions. 

LTnder  an  arrangement  between  the  War 
Department  and  the  Governors  of  Ohio,  In- 
diana, Illinois,  Wisconsin  and  Iowa,  these 
States  were  to  furnish  85,000  men  for  100  days' 
service.  Pursuant  to  this  arrangement,  Gov- 
ernor Brough  by  proclamation  called  out 
30,000  of  the  Ohio  National  Guard,  for  May 
2,  1864.  He  said  :  "  Our  armies  in  the  field  are 
marshaling  for  a  decisive  blow,  and  our  Citizen- 
soldiery  will  share  the  glory  of  the  crowning 
victories  of  the  campaign,  by  relieving  our 
veteran  Regiments  from  post  and  garrison 
duty,  to  allow  them  to  engage  in  the  more 
arduous  duties  of  the  field."  So  prompt  was 
the  response  to  this  call  for  30,000  troops,  that 


within  one  week  38,000  were  ready,  and  nine 
days  later,  35,000  were  in  and  on  the  wa}'  to 
the  field.  In  a  letter  of  June  1, 1864,  the  Secre- 
tar}-  of  War  wrote  Governor  Brough  as  follows: 
"  This  prompt  and  energetic  action  of  yourself 
and  staff  and  the  loj-al  jieoplo  of  Ohio,  exhibits 
an  unmatched  effort  of  devoted  patriotism  and 
stern  determination  to  spare  no  sacrifice  to 
maintain  the  National  Government  and  over- 
throw the  rebellion."  The  credit  for  such  re- 
sults was  largely  due  to  Adjutant-General 
Charles  W.  Hill,  through  whose  foresight  and 
energy,  in  a  great  measure,  the  National  Guard 
were  put  in  shape  to  make  such  prompt  re- 
sponse possible.  Pursuant  to  this  call.  Colonel 
C.  B.  Phillips,  1st  Regiment  Ohio  National 
Guard,  ordered  his  command  to  report  May 
2d,  in  Toledo,  wbicli  was  done,  and  the  Regi- 
ment, as  the  130th  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantrj', 
left  for  Johnson's  Island,  Erie  County,  May 
12th.  The  force  then  included  four  Companies 
from  Fulton  County,  and  numbered  over  1,000 
men.  It  was  officered  as  follows;  Colonel, 
Charles  B.  Phillips;  Lieutenant-Colonel,  John 
Faskiu;  Major,  E.  B.  Hall;  Surgeon,  S.  S. 
Thorn;  Assistant-Surgeon,  Calvin  Hathawaj' ; 
Adjutant,  Will.  B.  Dicks;  Quartermaster,  Mi- 
not  I.  Wilcox;  Chaplain,  James  W.  Alder- 
man. Company  A — Sylvester  Brown,  Captain; 
Wesley  Chamberlin,  First  Lieutenant ;  James 
C.  Messer,  Second  Lieutenant;  80  men.  Com- 
pany B — Dan.  A.  Collins,  Captain  ;  Wm.  C. 
Cheney,  First  Lieutenant ;  Fred.  Ingold,  Sec- 
ond Lieutenant;  75  men.  Company  C — Rich- 
ard Waite,  Caf)tain ;  John  J.  Barker,  Second 
Lieutenant;  81  men.  Company  D — L.  Jay 
Carrell,  Captain  ;  L.  D.  Msison,  First  Lieuten- 
ant; Erwin  M.  Fenner,  Second  Lieutenant ; 
79  men.  Company  E — Geo.  W.  Reynolds,  Jr., 
Captain;  Louis  Kaiser,  First  Lieutenant ;  80 
men.  Company  F — Louis  Koejjpel,  Captain  ; 
John  C.  Wuerful,  First  Lieutenant ;  Louis 
Rieger,  Second  Lieutenant ;  78  men.  Company 
G — Warren  D.  Moore,  Captain  ;  L.  W.  Hen- 
drickson.  First  Lieutenant;  Jos.  Warren,  Sec- 
ond Lieutenant;  75  men.  Company  H — S.  L. 
Spencer,  First  Lieutenant;  J.  B,  Faslibaugh, 
Second  Lieutenant ;  82  men.  Company  I — 
Samuel  Leybourn,  Captain ;  Henry  Brown, 
First  Lieutenant;  Geo.  Curson,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; 72  men.  Company  K — Wm,  O.  Webb, 
Captain;  Geo.  P.  Bristol,  First  Lieutenant; 
Henry    Lange,    Second   Lieutenant;   80  men. 


110 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


The  non-commissioned  officers  of  Company  C, 
were  as  follows  :  Orderly,  Fred.  B.  Shoemaker; 
Sergeants,  Geo.  Durringer,  John  Nagley, 
Henry  G.  Totton  and  Horatio  S.  Young  ;  Cor- 
porals, Fred.  P.  Waite,  Ealph  H.  Waggoner, 
F.  W.  Moellenburg,  Conrad  Weil,  Edward  Sex- 
ton, Fred.  A.  Stevens,  Elijah  P.  Crane,  Chas. 
H.  Coffin.  For  a  time  the  Regiment  did  guard 
duty  at  that  place,  and  while  there  the  rebel 
prisoners  attempted  an  escape  by  tunneling, 
but  were  discovered  and  defeated.  June  4th, 
the  Regiment  left  the  Island  for  Bermuda  Hun- 
dred, in  the  James  River,  via  Washington, 
where  it  remained  three  days,  calling  on  Pres- 
ident Lincoln,  who  spoke  to  them  as  follows  : 
"Soldiers:  I  understand  you  have  just  come 
from  Ohio — come  to  help  us  in  this,  the  Na- 
tion's day  of  trial,  and  also  of  its  hope.  I  thank 
you  for  3'our  promptness  in  responding  to  the 
call  for  troops.  Your  services  were  never  more 
needed  than  now.  I  know  not  where  yon  are 
going.  You  may  stay  here  and  take  the  place 
of  others  who  will  be  sent  to  the  front,  or  you 
may  go  there  yourselves.  Wherever  you  go,  I 
know  you  will  do  your  best.  Again,  I  thank 
you.  Good  bye."  The  Regiment  was  placed 
in  the  2d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  10th  Army 
Corps,  Brig.-General  0.  S.  Terry,  commanding. 
It  was  ordered  to  Point  of  Rocks,  on  the  Appo- 
mattox, and  soon  i-eturned  to  the  left  of  the 
intrenchments  at  Bermuda  Hundred,  where  it 
was  occupied  in  drilling,  digging  rifle-pits,  and 
picketing  the  lines  until  June  21st,  when  it 
moved  to  Deep  Bottom,  again  doing  picketing 
and  digging.  June  22d,  the  Regiment  partic- 
ipated in  a  skirmish  with  Rebel  pickets,  losing 
one  man  wounded.  August  11th,  it  proceeded 
to  Fort  Powhatan,  where  it  remained  until 
mustered  out,  its  term  of  service  having  ex- 
pired. September  7th,  it  took  the  transport 
Keyport,  on  the  James  River,  the  boat  en- 
countering a  severe  storm,  and  barely  escap- 
ing wreck.  On  the  12th,  it  reached  Toledo, 
where  it  was  enthusiastically ,though  informally 
received.  The  ladies  of  the  National  Covenant, 
under  direction  of  Mrs.  S.  R.  L.  Williams  and 
Mrs.  Palmer,  had  made  arrangements  with  Mr. 
R.  P.  Ainger,  of  the  Island  House,  for  a  supper 
for  such  of  the  men  as  might  desire  it.  Com- 
pany A,  Captain  Brown,  had  already  proceeded 
to  East  Toledo,  where  a  supper  awaited  them. 
Rev.  Seth  G.  Clark,  Chaplain  of  the  10th 
Ohio  Cavalry,  addressed  a  meeting  in  Toledo, 


October  30,  1864.  He  had  then  recently  been 
released  from  a  rebel  prison,  having  been  cap- 
tured near  Lovejoy's  Station,  South  of  Atlanta, 
while  with  Kilpatrick  on  his  raid. 

In  May,  1804,  Governor  Brough  issued  an 
urgent  appeal  to  the  people  of  Ohio  for  sup- 
plies of  fruits  and  clothing  for  the  wounded 
Union  Soldiers  on  the  Potomac.  In  response 
to  that  call,  a  meeting  of  citizens  of  Toledo  was 
hold  May  20th,  of  which  Chas.  M.  Dorr  was 
Chairman  and  W.  C.  Earl  the  Secretary.  Rev. 
E.  F.  Piatt  offered  praj-er.  Two  committees, 
each  consisting  of  two  citizens  of  the  different 
Wards  of  the  City,  were  appointed  ;  the  one  to 
secure  money  contributions,  and  the  other  to 
collect  supplies.  The  Money  Committee  was 
constituted  as  follows  :  First  Ward— David 
Smith,  E.  B.  Hyde:  Second  Ward— T.  C.  Stew- 
art, Alex.  Reed;  Third  Ward— A.  L.  Kelsey, 
D.  H.  Miner;  Fourth  Ward— W.  H.  Dyer, 
Robert  Cunimings  ;  Fifth  Ward — J.  N.  Drum- 
mond,  J.  T.  Newton  ;  Sixth  Ward — Alonzo 
Rogers,  M.  T.  Huntley.  The  Committee  on 
Supplies,  were  :  First  Ward — C.  A.  King,  J. 
R.  Osborn  ;  Second  Ward — John  Sinclair,  M. 
D.  Carrington;  Third  Ward— D.  B.  Smith,  H. 
S.  Walbridge;  Fourth  Ward— A.  W.  Barlow, 
Wm.  Kraus;  Fifth  Ward— James  C.  Hall, 
Matthew  Shoemaker ;  Sixth  Ward — A.  Rogers, 
Richard  Garner.  An  Executive  Committee, 
consisting  of  R.  H.  Bell,  Thomas  Hamilton, 
and  J.  Austin  Scott,  w^as  appointed.  The  meet- 
ing was  addressed  by  Rev.  Mr.  Thomas,  M.  R. 
Waite,  H.  T.  Niles  and  D.  E.  Gardner.  The 
result  of  this  movement  was  the  provision  of 
liberal  supplies  of  both  money  and  articles 
needful  for  the  wounded  soldiers. 

The  cause  of  the  Union  was  called  to  a  spe- 
cial crisis  during  the  Summer  of  1864,  to  meet 
which.  President  Lincoln,  much  against  his 
choice,  was  constrained  to  call  for  additional  re- 
inforcements of  men  for  the  National  Army.  At 
the  time  no  State  had  a  better  account  with 
the  War  Department,  than  had  Ohio;  while  no 
portion  of  the  State  was  on  better  footing  in 
that  connection,  than  was  the  Northwest. 
These  facts  however,  in  no  way  lessened  the 
patriotic  response  to  such  call,  to  be  made  in 
this  section.  Immediate  steps  were  taken  for 
supplying  the  requisite  re-enfoi'cements.  A 
meeting  of  the  County  Military  Committee  of 
this  Congressional  District  was  held  in  Toledo, 
August  26tb,  when  it  was  resolved  to  issue  an 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— HOME   WORK. 


Ill 


address  to  the  people,  urging  prompt  action  in 
filling  up  the  quota  called  for.  M.  K.  Waite 
was  invited  to  prepare  such  address,  which  he 
did.  The  character  of  the  paper  may  be 
judged  from  the  following  extract: 

This  is  no  time  to  stop  and  enquire  whether  all 
has  been  done  that  could  have  been  done  with  the 
men  and  means  already  furnished.  It  is  enough  for 
all  true  patriots  to  know,  that  the  one  great  object  of 
the  contest  has  not  been  accomplished.  The  integrity 
of  the  Union  has  not  been  restored.  All  the  old  United 
States  do  not  recognize  the  Constitution  under  which 
we  have  so  long  lived  and  prospered.  Our  flag  does 
not  float  resi^ected  over  the  old  Union.  When  that 
great  end  is  attained,  it  will  be  time  enough  to  en- 
quire whether  more  remains  to  be  done.  The  Gov- 
ernment says  it  must  have  the  men,  and  without 
them,  we  know  our  cause  may  fail.  Shall  we  give 
them  ?  Only  a  few  days  remain  in  which  to  do  the 
work,  but  enough  for  the  purpose,  if  each  man  in  the 
District  does  his  duty.  Heretofore  the  Soldiers  from 
our  District  have  been  Volunteers.  Let  them  be  such 
hereafter. 

By  proclamation  of  July  18,  1864,  the  Presi- 
dent called  for  500,000  additional  troops,  for  one, 
two  and  three  years.  For  these  the  Government 
oifered  bounties  for  Volunteers,  of  $100,  $200 
and  $300.  To  this,  Toledo  added  $100  for  Vol- 
unteers. Counting  tlie  quota  under  that  call, 
the  account  of  Lucas  County  stood  as  follows : 


SUB-DISTRICTS 

Quota 
July.'()4 

DEFI- 
CIENCY 

SUEPL'  S 

DUE 

Aug.  1st 

Toledo 
1st  Ward 

96 
117 
111 

127 
96 
28 
31 
39 
22 

m 
ao 

13 
21 
13 

8 
39 
37 

S 
18 

6 

39 
17 

7 

1 

5 
3 

7 

6 

30 

9 

3 
3 
7 
2 
10 

102 

2d      "                                   

111 

3d      "           

81 

4th    "       

166 

5th    "      

113 

6th    "      

35 

Oregon  Town.ship 

32 
30 

Manhattan 

Sylvania 

27 
38 

Richfield 

Spencer 

Adams 

Monclova 

Springfield 

Wavnesfield 

27 
10 
21 
G 
6 
29 

Waterville 

37 

Swantou 

Providence  

2 

6 
18 

In  December.  1864,  the  following  local  Com- 
mittees were  appointed  for  the  purpose  of  cor- 
recting errors  in  the  Enrollment  lists,  to  wit; 

ToL-EBO— First  Ward— 8.  W.  Freeman,  L.  H.  Pike, 
Geo.  Platfoot.  Second  Ward— A.  G.  Clark,  Charles 
Pratt,  .John  Kessler.  Third  WardS.  H.  Hitchcock, 
D.  H.  Miner,  M.  I.  Wilcox,  John  H.  Gherkins.  Fourth 
Ward— .John  Paul  Jones,  C.  H.  Eddy,  Matthias  Kess- 
ler.    Fifth  11  ard— Mathew  Shoemaker,  Fred.  Witker, 


Henry  Brand.  SiMh  Ward~F.  B.  Porter,  Augustus 
Brown.  Washington  To%v7iship—Sianue\  Blanchard, 
Joseph  Chambers,  Joel  W.  Kelsey.  Sylvania— Valeg 
T.  Clark,  W.  D.  Moore,  Isaac  Thorp,  J.  Warren,  R. 
C.  Thompson.  Richfield— C.  C.  Lathrop,  H.  C.  Ely, 
Isaac  Washburn.  ^da»(ji— Harvey  Kellogg,  J.  G. 
Cass,  J.  Reynolds,  Henry  Miller.  Springfield— Perry 
Wood,  C.  B.  Holloway,  Hiram  Wiltsey.  Waterville— 
James  M.  Brigham,  Yarnell  Rakestraw,  J.  G.  Isham. 

iVonclova—J.  McDonald,  F.  J.  Evans, Metzger. 

Sj^encer—Wm.  Taylor,  Jacob  Surbeck.  Providence  — 
A.  B.  Mead,  John  Wilson,  Frank  Manor.  Swanlon— 
Dr.  W.  A.  Scott,  James  C.  Wales,  W.  D.  Herriek,  B. 
T.  Geer.  il/an/i,aMa?i— Jonathan  Wynn,  Peter  J. 
Shaw,  Henry  Martin.  Oj-cgora— Sylvester  Brown, 
James  Rideout,  Henry  Phelps,  Anthony  Reihing, 
J.  Tippen.  Waynesfield  and  Maumee  City— Geo.  W. 
Reynolds,  R.  B.  Mitchell,  Jo.seph  Hull,  Jo.seph  Lan- 
genderfer. 

The  following  exhibits  the  number  of  men 
due  from  the  several  Sub-Districts  in  Lucas 
County,  March  1,  1865: 


First  Ward,  Toledo, 

.   0 

Svlvania,     .     .     . 

9 

Second  Ward,    " 

.   0 

Richfield,    .     .     . 

.      C 

Third  Ward, 

.   0 

Spencer,      .     .     . 

.      0 

Fourth  Ward,     " 

.10 

Waynesfield, 

.      1 

Fifth  W^ard, 

.12 

Waterville,      .     . 

.      1 

Sixth  Ward, 

.   .5 

Providence,     .     . 

.      3 

Oregon  Township, 

.   0 

Washington,  .     . 

.      0 

Manhattan,     .     .     . 

.   8 

Swanton,     .     .     . 

.      0 

Monclova,      .     .     . 

.   0 

Springfield,     .     . 

.      0 

March  13,  1865,  the  total  deficiencies  of  Lu- 
cas County  anounted  to  only  24,  to  wit :  F"ourth 
Ward,  Toledo,  9;  Fifth  Ward,  8;  Manhattan, 
3;   Richfield,  3;  Providence,  1. 

This  was  the  last  showing  publislied,  and 
the  account  coukl  not  have  been  materially 
changed  after  that  date.  At  that  time  the  de- 
ficiencies in  the  other  Counties  of  the  Tenth 
Military  Districts,  were  as  follows  :  Wood,  29  ; 
Fulton,  42,  of  which  35  were  in  German  Town- 
ship; Henry,  29;  Putnam,  43,  of  which  22 
were  in  Blanchard  Townshij) ;  Williams,  101 ; 
Defiance,  50 ;  Paulding,  57.  Total  for  the 
District,  375,  which  may  justly  be  regarded  as 
a  very  creditable  showing  for  Northwestern 
Ohio.  Few  if  any  sections  of  the  country 
more  promptly  or  more  fully  responded  to  the 
calls  of  the  Government  for  Soldiers  in  its 
defense,  than  did  this. 

Two  modes  for  promoting  the  raising  of  re- 
cruits for  the  Union  Army,  were  adopted  dur- 
ing the  Eebellion.  One  was  by  providing 
individual  substitutes,  and  the  other  by  the 
co-operative  efforts  of  loyal  citizens.  The  lat- 
ter class  were  not   limited  to  those   liable  to 


112 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


military  duty,  but  embraced  also  many  who 
were  exempt  from  such  liability.  Organiza- 
tions for  such  purpose  were  formed  in  the  sev- 
eral Wards  of  Toledo,  in  December,  1864, 
whose  chief  immediate  object  was  to  raise 
funds  for  use  as  bounty  to  Volunteers.  In  this 
way,  enlistments  were  greatly  aided,  with  the 
result,  that  witii  the  other  bounties  paid,  the 
City  quota  was  kept  exceptionally  well  com- 
plete. The  reported  operations  of  the  several 
Ward  Clubs,  were  as  follows: 

First  Ward.— The  Club  for  this  Ward  was  organ- 
ized December  28,  1864.  Fred.  A.  Jones  was  the 
President,  C.  T.  Wales  the  Secretary,  and  J.  R.  Osborn 
the  Treasurer.  The  Executive  Committee  consisted 
of  L.  H.  Pike,  F.  A.  Jones,  C.  T.  Wales,  Wm.  Baker 
and  M.  W.  Day ;  and  the  Finance  Committee  of  T. 
J.  Brown,  H.  Sam.son,  Geo.  Platfoot,  Dennis  Sullivan, 
Wm.  Essing,  John  Tolman,  M.  Rail,  R.  Dunnigan, 
A.  Rutherford,  F.  Licher,  Joseph  Wernert,  and  Geo. 
R.  Rogers.  The  work  of  soliciting  contributions  of 
$2.5  and  over  not  proving  satisfactory,  a  meeting  of 
subscribers  to  the  fund  was  held  in  January,  when  a 
"  Mutual  Protection  Society "  was  formed,  under 
which  the  funds  raised  and  to  be  raised  were  made 
available  solely  for  the  benefit  of  the  members  of  the 
Club.  Its  Executive  Committee  consisted  of  Wm. 
Baker,  F.  A.  Jones,  C.  T.  Wales,  L.  H.  Pike  and  Geo. 
Platfoot ;  and  its  Finance  and  Advisory  C'ommittee 
of  M.  R.  Waite,  C.  A.  King  and  Col.  J.  S.  Norton. 
The  final  report  of  the  Treasurer,  made  May  27,  186.5, 
showed  the  total  receipts  to  have  been  $10,611.50— 
$7,811.50  from  subscribers,  and  $2,800  from  City 
bonds.  The  expenditures  were — for  28  recruits,  to 
fill  quota,  $9,680;  and  |273.20  for  expenses;  total, 
$9,95:5,20 ;  leaving  a  balance  of  $658.30.  This  balance 
was  given  to  the  wounded  Soldiers  and  the  families 
of  Soldiers  of  the  Ward. 

Second  Ward.— The  Club  of  this  Ward  was  formed 
December  28, 1864,  with  Clias.  Pratt  as  President,  and 
A.  G.  Clark  as  Secretary,  and  Nehemiah  'Waterman 
as  Treasurer.  The  bounty  fixed  upon  was  $28  per 
man.  This  was  under  the  call  of  December  9th,  for 
.300,000  men.  The  Finance  Committee  consisted  of 
Richard  Waite(Chairman),John  Sinclair,  T.  B.  Casey, 
L.  F.  Hubbard,  J.  T.  Southard,  E.  C.  Smith,  Henry 
Spielbush,  Henry  Williams,  John  Aschenbrenner, 
John  Byer,  Henry  Pfefferly,  Rev.  Father  Botf  (St. 
Francis  de  Sales  Church),  John  O'Farrell  and  John 
Gildea.  The  Recruiting  Committee  consisted  of 
John  J.  Barker,  A.  J.  Sprague,  Ernest  Kibbe,  W.  C. 
Cheney,  Fred.  B.  Dodge,  H.  T.  Cook,  Geo.  Tanner, 
W.  W.  Whitney,  Fred.  Eaton,  S.  B.  Roshong,  Fred. 
M.  Burton,  P.  C.  Moross,  Chas.  J.  Burton,  Robert  A. 
Wason,  James  H.  Maples,  T.  B.  Casey,  A.  W.  Colton, 
Ralph  H.  Waggoner.  The  final  report  of  this  Club 
was  published  February  10, 1805,  showing  the  receipts 
from  citizens  liable  to  draft  to  have  been  $8,703 ;  from 
those  not  so  liable,  $831 ;  from  City  bonds  issued  as 


bounty,  $3,000 ;  and  from  other  source,  $15  ;  making 
a  total  of  $12,549.  Of  this  sum,  $10,620  was  paid  for 
30  recruits  to  fill  the  Ward's  quota  on  last  300,000 
call ;  $25  for  former  recruits ;  $26  for  expenses ;  and 
$60  as  discount  on  bonds;  making  $10,731,  and  leav- 
ing a  balance  on  hand  of  $1,818. 

Third  Ward. — For  this  Ward  a  Club  was  organized 
January  5,  1865,  for  the  mutual  protection  of  its 
members.  Its  officers  were  :  President,  H.  S.  Wal- 
bridge ;  Vice  President,  Dr.  J.  G.  Nolan ;  Secretary, 
Don.  A.  Pease;  Treasurer,  James  R.  Strong.  The 
Executive  Committee  consisted  of  M.  I.  Wilcox,  R. 
H.  Bell,  Dr.  J.  G.  Nolan,  Edward  Knapp  and  T. 
Wegener ;  and  its  Finance  Committee  of  D.  H.  Miner, 
Calvin  Barker  and  Milo  Bashare.  The  final  meeting 
of  the  Club  w^as  held  February  11,  1865.  At  that 
time  its  funds  amounted  to  about  $7,500,  in  contribu- 
tions, and  $3,000  in  City  Bonds.  Before  final  adjourn- 
ment, the  Club,  in  strong  terms  tendered  its  thanks 
to  D.  H.  Miner,  for  his  services  on  the  Finance  Com- 
mittee. After  all  was  closed  up,  this  Club  had  a  bal- 
ance of  $1,500,  the  disposal  of  which  is  stated  else- 
where. 

FouBTH  Ward. — The  Club  in  this  Ward  was  organ- 
ized in  November,  1864,  with  John  Paul  Jones  as 
President,  and  C.  M.  Woodbury  as  Secretary.  A  re- 
port, published  January  5,  1865,  showed  receipts  to 
the  amount  of  $3,485,  of  which  $2,485  consisted  of 
subscriptions,  and  $1,000  of  City  bonds.  Included  in 
expenditures  was  $3,000  for  10  recruits.  Owing  to 
backwardness  of  subscriptions,  a  Mutual  Protection 
Club  was  organized  jNIarch  9,  ]<S65.  March  10th,  the 
Club  had  published  the  names  of  175  persons  en- 
rolled and  liable  to  draft,  who  had  not  contributed 
funds  for  the  provision  of  recruits  to  save  the  Ward 
from  draft.  The  final  report  of  the  Club,  made  April 
13,  1865,  showed  its  receipts  to  have  been  $13,126.80, 
including  $10,068  from  members,  and$:5,000  in  bonds. 
The  expenditures  embraced  $12,572  for  30  recruits. 
There  was  on  hand  a  balance  of  $137.44,  which  was 
turned  over  to  the  Ladies'  Soldiers'  Aid  Society. 
Wm.  Markscheffel  was  Treasurer  of  the  Club. 

Fifth  Ward.— "The  Fifth  Ward  Recruiting  Club" 
was  organized  February  1,  1865,  with  Wm.  Hall  as 
President;  O.W.  Dawson  as  Secretary  ;  J.  T.  Newton 
as  Treasurer,  and  Fred.  Witker  as  Assistant-Treas- 
urer. The  emergency  of  an  impending  draft,  stimu- 
lated action.  Of  $8,000  needed,  $4,000  was  raised  on 
the  spot.  February  4th,  was  published  the  names  of 
enrolled  men  who  had  not  contributed  in  aid  of  the 
Clul).  June  2d,' was  published  the  final  report  of  the 
Club,  showing  receipts  to  the  amount  of  $14,521.00, 
of  w'hieh  $10,781  was  from  subscriptions,  and  $3,300 
in  City  bonds.  Among  expenditures,  were  $13,895, 
and  $283  discount  on  City  bonds.  Of  the  contribu- 
tions, $3,055  was  from  citizens  of  the  Ward  not  liable 
to  draft. 

Sixth  Ward. — Two  reports  from  this  Ward  were 
published.  The  first  in  February,  1865,  showed  re- 
ceipts to  the  amount  of  $2,283,  including  $1,725  in 
subscriptions,   and  $558  as   City   bounty.     Of  this, 


TBE  WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  HOME   WORK. 


113 


$2,100  was  paid  for  six  recruits.  The  second  report, 
in  March,  1865,  showed,  receipts,  $2,492.33,  and  ex- 
penditures, $2,712.-50,  inchiding  $2,655  for  14  recruits; 
leaving  a  deficiency  of  $220.17.  The  Treasurers  of 
the  Club  were  R.  I.  Skidmore  and  James  Raymer. 

In  1862,  Provost  Marshals  were  appointed 
at  different  points  in  Ohio,  Charles  Kent,  of 
Toledo,  being  among  those  selected,  who  served 
until  the  close  of  the  War. 

On  occasions  of  ditferent  drafts  for  Army  re- 
cruits during  the  Rebellion,  more  or  less  of  res- 
idents of  the  County,  filed  with  Provost  Mar- 
shal Kent,  claims  for  exemption  from  Military 
Service,  on  the  grounds  of  over-age,  phy,sical 
disability,  subjection  to  foreign  powers.  Rail- 
road employment  and  Government  Civil  Ser- 
vice. 

To  October  1,  18fi2,  Lucas  County  had  fur- 
nislied  2,562  recruits  for  tiie  Union  Arm}' ;  all 
of  them  having  been  Volunteers — a  large  por- 
tion having  received  bounties  from  public  and 
private  sources. 

When  the  14th  Ohio  Regiment  passed  through 
Norwalk  on  its  way  to  the  field,  a  private  Sol- 
dier stepped  from  the  car  to  the  platform  at 
the  depot,  when  a  young  Miss,  quite  lame,  ap- 
proached and  presented  him  with  a  bouquet  of 
fresh  flowers,  to  which  was  attached  the  name, 
"  Nellie  Mason."  Deeply  affected  by  this  un- 
expected mark  of  respect  from  one  so  entirely 
a  stranger  to  him,  he  accejjted  it  gratefull}-, 
and,  as  he  returned  to  the  car,  he  said  :  "  You 
shall  hear  from  me."  He  passed  on  to  the 
camp  and  the  field,  and  months  elapsed  before 
anything  was  heard  from  him.  Finally  he 
sickened,  and  after  wearisome  days  he  became 
satisfied  that  he  never  should  return  to  liis 
friends.  But  he  did  not  forget  his  promise  to 
Nellie,  and  when  the  end  seemed  near,  his 
mind  returned  more  and  more  strongly  to  the 
scene  at  the  Norwalk  depot,  longing  more  and 
more  that  his  pallid  brow  might  feel  the  gentle 
hand  that  bore  to  him  the  sweet  bouquet.  And 
then,  how  could  he  redeem  his  pledge?  When 
life  was  nearly  extinct,  and  the  honorable  dis- 
charge so  many  gallant  Soldiers  receive  was 
nearlj-  his,  he  settled  his  accounts,  and  finding 
about  §60  of  his  wages  lett,  he  placed  it  in  the 
hands  of  a  fellow-soldier,  with  his  dying  in- 
junction to  bear  to  Norwalk  and  personally 
deliver  it  to  Nellie.  Inquiry  was  recently 
made  as  to  the  donor  of  the  bouquet,  when  it 
was  found  that  she  was  the  daui<liter  of  Alex- 


ander Mason,  formally  of  Norwalk  and  Tiffin, 
and  now  of  Lima;  that  her  present  name  is 
Mrs:  Nellie  McConachie;  and  that  she  never 
received  the  Soldier's  gift,  nor  otherwise  heard 
from  him. 

November  14,  1864,  Governor  Brough  issued 
an  earnest  appeal  to  the  Military  Committees 
of  the  several  Counties  of  the  State,  in  behalf 
of  the  needy  families  of  Soldiers  in  the  Army. 
In  response  to  such  call,  the  committees  of 
Lucas  met  and  resolved  to  take  immediate 
action  in  the  case.  They  appointed  a  special 
committee,  consisting  of  General  J.  E.  Ilunt, 
D.  E.  Gardner,  C.  A.  King,  L.  L.  Morehouse, 
Wm.  Taylor,  and  H.  D.  Warren,  to  prepare 
and  issue  an  appeal  to  the  people  of  the  County 
in  behalf  of  such  object.  This  duty  was  per- 
formed. November  26th  was  set  apart  as  a 
day  of  festival,  for  the  distribution  of  such 
contributions  of  money,  food,  clothing  and  fuel, 
as  should  be  made.  Local  Committees,  in  the 
several  wards  and  townships,  were  appointed 
to  solicit  donations.     These  were  as  follows : 

Toledo— J^irs(  IFard,  Wm.  Baker,  C.  A.  King,  Colo- 
nel J.  S.  Norton,  A.  Stephan ;  Second  Ward,  T.  B. 
Casey,  E.  Kibbe,  Rev.  E.  B.  Raifensperger ;  Third 
Ward,  H.  S.  Walbridge,  D.  B.  Smith,  Paul  Jones; 
Fourth  Ward,  Wm.  Kraus,  L.  M.  Skidmore,  W.  \V. 
Griffith  ;  Fifth  Ward,  M.  Shoemaker  and  J.  J.  Baird  ; 
Si.rlh  Ward,  James  Raymer  and  I).  A.  Bi-own. 

Manmce — R.  B.  Mitchell,  Joseph  Hull  and  Wm. 
Limbrick. 

Waterville — J.  M.  Brigham,  C.  C.  Brainard,  John 
Batt,  Alex.  Walp  and  Y.  Rakestraw. 

Providence— John  Wilson,  A.  B.  Mead  and  Mr. 
Crosby. 

Su'cmton— W.  A.  Scott,  W.  D.  Herrick  and  J.  C. 
Wales. 

Moncloru — J.  McDonald,  John  Weible  and  Louis 
Metzger. 

Spencer — Wm.  Taylor,  Wm.  Shaffer  and  —  Cole,  Jr. 

Richfield — Pliny  Lathrop,  Isaac  Washburn  and  Ben- 
jamin Farley. 

Sylvania — Peleg  T.  C'lark,  Wm.  H.  Huling  and  E. 
Gordinier. 

Springfield — Hiram  Wiltse,  Perry  Wood  and  Dennis 
Sage. 

Washington — S.  L.  Collins,  J.  W.  Kelsey  and  N. 
Ashley  Whitney. 

Adams — Harvey  Kellogg,  Hiram  Haughton  and  P. 
Larkins. 

Manhattan — P.  J.  Latsbaw,  Jonathan  Wynn  and 
J.  L.  Chase. 

Oregon — C.  A.  Crane,  James  IMesser  and  Lutlier 
Whitmore. 

On  the  3d  of  June,  1865,  at  the  Toledo  Board 
of  Trade  rooms,  and  in  the  j)resence  of  a  large 


114 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


number  of  members  and  other  citizens,  a  gold 
watch  was  presented  to  Colonel  P.  B.  Slevin, 
on  behalf  of  the  officers  and  men  of  the  l«Oth 
Ohio  Infantry,  that  gentleman  liaving  been 
comjiellod  by  a  severe  wound,  to  relinquish  the 
command  of  the  Regiment. 


No  part  of  the  grand  and  multiform  work 
of  the  sujipression  of  the  Eebellion  and  the 
preservation  of  the  Union,  will  stand  out  in 
history  more  noble  and  heroic,  than  will 
that  borne  by  the  loyal  Christian  Women  of 
the  United  States,  in  the  moral  and  physical 
care  of  the  Soldiers  of  the  Union.  It  is  with- 
out the  approach  of  a  parallel  in  human  expe- 
rience in  the  magnitude  and  munificence  of  its 
provision.  It  is  due  as  simple  justice  to  the 
memory  of  Florence  Nightingale,  and  the  true 
Women  of  England  who  co-operated  in  her 
heroic  and  unprecedented  work  during  the 
Crimean  War,  to  say  here,  that  their  noble  ex- 
ample operated  largely  in  suggesting  the  more 
ample  and  extended  service  of  their  worthy 
American  Sisters.  This  is  not  the  place  to  at- 
tempt a  history  of  that  branch  of  the  country's 
patriotic  Army  ;  but  it  is  proper  briefly  to 
recognize  something  of  what  was  done  in  that 
direction  by  a  few  of  the  loyal  Women  of  Lucas 
County,  which  may  be  taken  as  but  a  sam]de 
of  like  devotion  throughout  the  loyal  States. 

On  the  9th  of  October,  1861,  a  few  of  the 
Women  of  Toledo  met  and  organized  The 
Toledo  Soldiers'  Aid  Society,  under  circum- 
stances not  the  most  assuring  of  success.  It 
vs-as  a  movement  so  entirely  new  in  this  coun- 
try, that  the  mass  of  the  people  had  to  be  edu- 
cated to  a  just  understanding  of  its  importance 
and  of  its  methods.  But  the  Toledo  pioneers 
had  faith  in  both  the  merits  of  their  plan  and 
the  final  approval  and  co-operation  of  their 
neighbors.  For  means  for  operations,  reliance 
was  at  first  had  on  the  membership  fee  of  any 
sum  over  25  cents;  but  this  soon  proved  to  be  in- 
adequate, when  (November  5th)  a  festival  was 
given,  and  on  the  6th,  a  dinner.  In  the  Win- 
ter a  "  Continental  Tea  Party  "  met  with  good 
results.  In  April  following,  8321.50  was  col- 
lected, which,  with  other  receipts,  aggregated 
for  the  first  year,  $1,852.91.  Before  that  year 
closed,  the~plan  of  the  Society  was  made  to 
embrace  the  care  of  Soldiers'  families  at  home, 
as  well  as  of  the  Soldiers  in  the  field.     Amono- 

o 

the  items  of  expenditure  for  the  first  year,  were 


these :  For  hospital  stores,  $1,142.74 ;  for  arti- 
cles for  hospitals,  $105. .37  ;  money  to  Soldiers' 
families,  §112.98;  money  to  invalid  Soldiers, 
834.50;  hotel  bills  of  invalid  Soldiers,  S89.22. 
Hospital  supiJlies  wei-e  sent  to  the  following 
Camps  :  Oliver,  Toledo  ;  Worcester,  Norwalk, 
Ohio;  and  Calvert,  Ky.;  to  hospitals  at  Nash- 
ville, Louisville,  Lebanon,  and  Pittsburg 
Landing;  to  the  Cincinnati  Sanitary  Commit- 
tee, and  the  Ohio  Relief  Association,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C;  and  to  the  following  Regiments: 
The  14th,  25th,  27th,  38th,  49th,  67th,  84th, 
100th,  and  111th  Ohio  Infantry,  and  to  the  1st 
and  2d  Tennessee  Regiments.  In  addition  to 
the  $1,852.91  stated,  the  County,  through  this 
Society,  disbursed  to  Soldiers'  families  the  sum 
of  $1,266. 

The  first  year's  trial  was  hopeful  and  en- 
couraging in  its  results,  and  the  second  year 
proved  even  more  so.  The  popular  a])precia- 
tion  of  the  work  was  increased,  with  corre- 
sponding readiness  to  aid,  the  total  receipts 
being  $3,652.84,  of  which  $815.07  was  from  do- 
nations, including  $500  from  "  a  gentleman 
unknown,"  and  $423.93  as  proceeds  of  a  Fourth 
of  July  dinner,  prepared  by  the  members  of 
the  iSociety,  with  assistance.  This  year  closed 
with  $1,163.27  in  the  treasury.  During  this 
year  supj)lies  were  forwarded  to  the  55th,  27th, 
111th,  67th,  and  14lh  Ohio,  and  the  Anderson 
Guards ;  to  the  Ohio  Association  at  Washing- 
ton ;  to  Union  Refugees  at  Cairo  (caro  of 
Chaplain  John  Eaton),  fOr  destitute  "Contra- 
bands;" to  Union  Refugees  at  Springfield, 
Mo.;  to  General  Hos2)ital,  Lexington,  Kj-.;  and 
to  Cumberland  (Md.)  Hospital.  Special  men- 
tion is  made  of  the  fact,  that  Mr.  John  Gavin 
(with  Bell,  Holcomb  &  Co.)  had,  during  the 
year,  mailed  and  marked  every  box  and  barrel 
of  stores  sent  away  by  the  Society,  refusing 
compensation  for  such  service. 

At  the  suggestion  of  the  Toledo  Soldiers'  Aid 
Society,  the  citizens  of  Toledo  furnished  the 
14th  Ohio  Regiment  with  a  sujierb  stand  of 
colors,  manufactured  to  order  at  Chicago,  and 
costing  $130.  The  same  was  presented  in 
March,  1862. 

The  Seeretary's  report  for  the  third  year 
(1863-64),  said  : 

As  memVjers  of  the  ToUmIo  Soldiers'  Aid  Society, 
we  may  congratulate  each  other  on  the  marked  suc- 
cess which  has  attended  our  efforts  during  the  year. 
The  average  attendance  at  the  general  meetings  has 


THE   WAR   OF  THE  REBELLION—  HOME   WORK. 


115 


been  greater  than  ever  before ;  the  donations  have 
been  larger  and  more  spontaneous ;  and  the  work  ac- 
complished far  beyond  our  expectations.  Our  Aux- 
iliary Societies  have  been  untiring  in  their  eflbrts, 
and  very  liberal  in  their  contributions,  and  have 
rendered  most  efficient  aid,  in  the  making  of  hospital 
garments.  *  *  Barrels  of  Blackberry  Syrup  have 
been  made  by  our  Auxiliaries,  they,  in  most  cases, 
supplying  the  juice  of  the  roots  and  berries,  and  we 
furnishing  the  sugar,  spices  and  brandy. 

Most  of  this  year's  contributions  went  to  the 
Cincinnati  Branch  of  the  U.  S.  Sanitary  Com- 
mission, but  all  special  calls  for  aid  were  met. 
In  November,  162  families  of  Soldiers  were 
pi'ovided  with  Thanksgiving  dinners,  the  cost 
of  which  was  about  S900.  The  rooms  of  the 
Society  were  kept  open  on  Wednesdays  and 
Saturdays  throughout  the  year,  with  ladies  in 
attendance  to  wait  upon  calls  and  receive  do- 
nations. The  receipts  of  the  j'car  amounted  to 
$2,(596,81,  and  the  disbursements,  81,537.07, 
leaving  a  balance  of  $1,159.74.  Shipments  were 
made  to  the  55th,  67th,  100th,  111th,  and  130th 
Ohio  Kegiments ;  to  hospitals  at  Louisville, 
Nashville,  Chattanooga,  and  Camp  Nelson; 
to  the  Cincinnati  Branch  of  the  U.  S.  Sanitary 
Commission;  to  Ohio  Military  Agents  at  Wash- 
ington and  Louisville;  and  to  Quartermaster- 
General  of  Ohio. 

On  Thanksgiving  Day,  1863,  the  Toledo 
Soldiers'  Aid  Society  furnished  such  of  the  175 
families  of  Union  Soldiers  in  the  City  as 
were  accessible,  with  a  dinner.  The  donation 
consisted  of  8  lbs.  fresh  meat  (as  preferred),  2 
lbs.  butter,  2  lbs.  ground  coffee,  4  lbs.  sugar,  1 
head  of  cabbage,  1  peck  of  jjotatoes,  and  10  lbs. 
of  flour. 

January  8,  1864,  a  levee  was  held  at  the  Oli- 
ver House,  J.  D.  Bourne,  Manager,  for  the 
benefit  of  the  Toledo  Soldiers'  Aid  Society,  the 
net  receipts  of  which  amounted  to  $600.  The 
thanks  of  the  Society  wore  tendered  to  differ- 
ent parties  contributing  to  the  success  of  the 
occasion,  including  James  C.  Hall,  proprietor 
of  the  Oliver  House,  and  Misses  Mary  Hamil- 
ton, Lottie  Steele,  Anna  Colton  and  Lottie 
Haskell,  who  acted  as  ticket-sellers. 

With  the  fourth  year  of  the  Society's  labors 
but  half  completed,  the  War,  and  with  it, 
largely,  the  demand  for  sxich  labors,  had  ceased; 
but  its  operations  were  maintained  until  the 
close  of  that  year  (1865).  The  Secretary's  re- 
port very  justly  congratulated  the  members  of 


the   organization  on    the    work  accomplished. 
It  said : 

In  all  the  demands  made  upon  our  time,  our  labor 
and  our  money— in  all  the  inconveniences  and  an- 
noyances, which,  of  course,  are  inseparable  from 
efforts  of  this  kind— we  have  had  one  great  source  of 
joy  and  satisfaction.  We  have  never  doubted  the 
utility  of  this  and  kindred  organizations.  We  know 
that  our  work  was  not  in  vain.  We  were  strong  in 
the  consciousness  that  our  "Boys"  did  enjoy  the 
comforts  we  provided.  We  look  back  upon  the  days 
and  weeks  in  which  we  have  been  associated  here,  as 
the  golden  period  of  our  lives.  The  almost  unbroken 
companionship  of  four  years  is  now  closed.  Let  us 
never  forget  those  whose  necessities  have  occupied 
so  large  a  share  of  our  time  and  thoughts.  Let  not 
the  sight  or  the  name  of  a  Union  Soldier  ever  fail  to 
command  our  highest  respect— our  deepest  gratitude. 
They  all  deserve  a  thousand  times  more  than  we  gave 
them ;  for  they  have  secured  for  us  the  freedom  of 
our  bondsmen,  the  safety  of  our  homes  and  country, 
and  the  respect  of  the  civilized  world. 

In  her  final  report,  the  Corresponding  Sec- 
retary (Mrs.  E.  P.  Osborn)  said : 

Much  of  our  success  as  a  Society,  is  due  to  the  un- 
tiring energy  and  singular  self-devotion  of  our  first 
President  (Mrs.  Samuel  A.  Raymond).  Quick  to  de- 
vise and  prompt  to  execute,  she  gave  all  her  time 
and  ability  to  the  duties  of  her  office.  Her  strength 
failed,  and  with  health  seriously  impaired,  she  was 
compelled  to  see  others  complete  the  work  she  had 
so  judiciously  and  faithfully  begun.  Her  mantle  fell 
upon  worthy  shoulders,  and  those  who  have  since 
assumed  the  duties  of  the  principal  offices,  have 
served  faithfully  and  ably. 

While  eulogy  is  not  a  special  work  of  the 
compiler  of  this  volume,  it  cannot  be  improper 
here  to  say,  that  the  above  recognition  of  the 
services  of  Mrs.  Eaymond  was  just.  Many 
names  might  properlj'  be  added  to  hers  in  the 
same  connection;  but  those  of  two  should  not 
here  be  omitted.  First,  that  of  Mrs.  E.  Perigo, 
whose  long,  diversified  and  self-sacrificing 
works  of  labor  and  personal  kindness,  are  in 
the  memories  and  hearts  of  very  many  Soldiers 
and  Soldiers'  families.  She  has  passed  from 
the  scenes  of  earthly  needs  and  earthly  cares, 
and  it  cannot  be  indelicate  to  say,  that  to  no 
resident  of  Toledo  were  the  Soldiers  more  in- 
debted for  the  good  offices  of  this  Society,  than 
to  her.  Second,  it  dow  becomes  eminently 
fitting  in  behalf  of  the  memory  of  the  faithful, 
untiring  and  efficient  Secretary  who  penned 
the  foregoing  testimony  to  the  Society's  first 
President's    faithfulness,    and    who    also    has 


116 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


passed  from  earthly  labors,  to  bear  witness  in 
this  connection  to  her  fidelity  and  great  use- 
fulness. The  name  of  Mrs.  O.sborn  will  long- 
be  recognized  by  Soldiers  and  families  of  Sol- 
diers, as  that  of  a  true  and  sympathizing  friend. 
Many  other  true  women — some  dead  and  some 
yet  living — though  less  prominent,  were  no  less 
devoted  to  the  cause  of  the  Eepublic  and  to 
the  support  and  comfort  of  the  Republic's 
defenders. 

The  total  of  cash  receipts  of  the  Society  for 
the  four  years,  was  $10,079.90,  with  disburse- 
ments amounting  to  §9,653.55  ;  leaving  a  bal- 
ance on  hand  of  1376.35.  Among  the  donations 
to  Soldiers'  families,  and  to  sick  and  disabled 
Soldiers,  was  §1,923.62  in  cash,  and  orders  for 
provisions,  $224.  Included  in  the  hospital 
stores  prepared  by  the  Society,  were  239  bed- 
ticks,  295  pillow-ticks,  677  pillow-cases,  625 
sheets,  2,448  shirts,  1,092  pairs  drawers,  1,219 
pairs  socks,  16,210  yards  (9  miles)  of  bandage, 
145  rolls  cotton  and  linen,  629  cans  fruit,  25 
barrels  dried  apples,  2^  barrels  blackbei-ry 
syrup. 

OFFICEHS  OF  THE   SOCIETY. 

Presidents.— Mrs.  S.  A.  Raymond,  one  year ;  Mrs. 
J.  T.  Newton,  one  year;  and  Mrs.  J.  M.  Gloyd,  two 
years. 

Vice  Presidents. — Mrs.  E. Perigo,  four  years;  Mrs. 
J.  N.  Stevens,  one  year;  Mrs.  J.  M.  Gloyd,  one  year; 
Mrs.  E.  S.  Phelps,  one  year ;  Mrs.  Calvin  Bronson, 
one  year. 

Secret.\ries. — Corresponding — Mrs.  E.  P.  Osborn, 
tbi'ee  years ;  Miss  Mary  D.  Chase,  Secretary  one  year 
and  Assistant  one  year.  Recording— Mrs.  Alex.  Reed 
and  Mrs.  M.  R.  Waite,  first  year;  Mrs.  Alonzo  God- 
ard,  two  years ;  Mrs.  E.  B.  Atherton,  one  year. 

Treasurers.  —Mrs.  Chas.  E.  Winans,  and  Miss  E. 
R.  Bissell,  first  year;  Miss  E.  R.  Bissell  and  :Mrs.  M. 
R.  Waite,  second  year  ;  Mrs.  Waite,  third  and  fourth 
years. 

Directors. — Mesdames  M.  D.  Carrington,  Wm. 
Kraus,  Chas.  Cochran,  Fred.  Eaton,  Geo.  R.  Haynes, 
S.  H.  Bergen,  J.  T.  Newton,  Calvin  Barker,  John  J. 
Barker,  Dr.  Bigelow,  T.  C.  Mayhew,  Ebenezer  Wal- 
bridge,  C.  A.  Crane  (East  Toledo),  H.  A.  Ensign  (East 
Toledo),  L.  L.  Morehouse  (Waterville),  John  Sinclair, 
A.  D.  Pelton,  Dennison  Steele,  E.  P.  Bassett,  Wm. 
Baker,  D.  E.  Merrill,  M.  Rathbun  (Maumee),  G.  W. 
Reynolds  (Maumee),  Limbrick  (Maumee),  Perrin 
(Perrysburg),  Westcott  (Perrysburg),  C.  0.  Brigbam, 
Edson,  Mary  Walbridge,  N.  M.  Landis,  G.  W.  Davis, 
Wm.  Taylor  (Java);  and  Misses  Cannie  Mott,  Dicks 
(Maumee),  Tracy  (Tremainsville),  Emily  J.  Ray- 
mond, Belle  Hammell,  and  Kate  Shoemaker. 

On  Committees.— Mrs.  Nehemiah  Waterman,  Mrs. 
W.  W.  Williams,  and  Messrs.  John  Gavin,  Geo.  Has- 
kell, J.  H.  Moulton,  and  D.  II.  Miner. 


The  following  names  of  ladies  contributing 
articles  for  the  Soldiers'  Aid  Society  of  Toledo, 
in  November,  1861,  will  show  who  then  were 
among  the  friends  of  the  Soldiers  in  tliat  City  : 

Mesdames  Joseph  K.  Secor,  Chas.  E.  Winans,  J. 
J.  Hunker,  Lyman  Casey,  Fred.  Eaton,  Denison 
Steele,  D.  E.  Gardner,  J.  G.  Fulton,  J.  E.  Hunt, 
Edson  Allen,  J.  R.  Osborn,  F.  J.  King,  J.  McKenster, 
Mary  Walbridge,  H.  S.  Walbridge,  Wm.  Rofl',  W.  W. 
Hunt,  J.  M.  Gloyd,  E..S.  Hanks,  E.D.Nye,  John 
Kaufl'man,  E.  B.  Rafl'ensperger,  W.  W.  Sherwood, 
Geo.  R.  Crane,  David  Smith,  T.  C.  Stewart,  D.  E. 
Merrill,  Calvin  Bronson,  G.  Bush,  Alfred  Wilkin, 
D.  C.  Baldwin,  E.  M.  Smith,  Luther  Whitney,  Geo. 
F.  Dunning,  B.  F.  Mallett,  A.  Godard,  P.  B.  Truax, 
A.  D.  Pelton,  Clark  Waggoner,  Mavor  Brigham,  S. 
H.  Bergen,  B.  W.  Rouse,  A.  H.  Newcomb,  Wm. 
Kingsbury,  Henry  Bennett,  John  Sinclair,  F.  J. 
Scott,  H.  D.  Kingsbury,  F.  L.  Nichols,  J.  N.  Stevens, 
Harry  Chase,  Wm.  Mack,  Wm.  Bolles,  Chas.  Kent, 
M.  R.  Waite,  R.  P.  Ainger,  Ira  E.  Lee,  A.  L.  White, 
S.  A.  Raymond,  T.  B.  Casey,  C.  B.  Phillips,  E.  B. 
Hj'de,  Geo.  Stebbins,  D.  B.  Scott,  C.  S.  Crossman, 
J.  W.  Walterhouse,  A.  W.  Maddocks,  Peleg  T.  Clark, 
C.  H.  Parsons,  H.  B.  Hall,  C.  D.  Woodruff,  Thos. 
Daniels,  Henry  INIcHenry. 

Misses  Elizabeth  R.  Bissell,  Sarah  Brown,  Jessie 
Jones,  Alice  Carrington,  Julia  Fitch,  Tinie  Bidette, 
Mattie  Hofi'man,  IMaggie  Tredwell,  Lena  Morton, 
Mary  Blackwell,  Ann  Sisson,  Cannie  Mott,  Sophie 
Hill,  Lottie  Haskell,  Carrie  R.  Waggoner,  Hattie 
Mather,  Eliza  Spencer,  Mary  Kingsbury,  ]\Iartha  Bid- 
die,  Nellie  Collamore,  Julia  Steele,  Lottie  Steele, 
Mary  Hayes,    Lucy  Hamiltim,    Abbie  Sexton,    Maria 


The  work  of  the  Toledo  Society  after  the 
first  year,  was  materially  promoted  by  the 
generous  co-operation  in  labor  and  contribu- 
tions from  the  several  Auxiliaries,  to  wit: 
Those  of  Maumee  City,  Waterville,  Sylvania, 
Whitehouse,  Swanton,  Bryan,  Monclova, Genoa, 
Washington  Township  (Districts  Nos.  6  and 
8),  Springfield  and  Adams,  Juvenile  Aid,  Young 
America  Aid,  and  Excelsior  Aid. 

The  untiring  zeal  of  the  ladies  was  also  ma- 
terially stimulated  by  the  constant  return  to 
them  of  thanks  for  their  unremitting  devotion. 
These  came  in  letters  from  both  officers  and 
men — in  camp,  in  field,  and  especially  in  hos- 
pital. Among  the  articles  forwarded  to  the 
Louisville  Hospital  in  June,  1864,  were  a  lot  of 
"Comfort  Bags,"  containing  different  articles 
useful  to  the  invalids.  These  were  contributed 
by  young  misses  of  Toledo,  and  one  of  them 
contained  the  name  of  the  maker,  with  the  re- 
ijuest    that    the    invalid    into    wiiose  iiands    it 


I 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  HOME   WORK. 


117 


might  fall,  should  address  to  her  a  letter.  In 
due  time,  such  response  came,  from  which  the 
foliovving  is  taken,  to  wit: 

Louisville,  Ky.,  June  30,  1864. 
To  Miss  Mnria  Raymond,  Soldiers'  Friend,  Toledo,  0.: 

Through  the  kindness  of  Captain  Horn,  the  worthy 
Military  Agent  of  the  noble  State  of  Ohio,  your  pack- 
age, containing  many  needful  articles,  fell  into  my 
hands,  and  in  accordance  witli  your  request,  I  now 
write  to  acknowledge  its  receipt.  You  can  scarcely 
imagine  how  much  it  pleases  us  Soldiers,  to  see  that 
we  are  remembered  by  our  ever-thoughtful  lady- 
friends  at  home  ;  and  when  you  contrast  their  be- 
havior with  that  of  the  sece.sh  ladies  (?)  in  this  and 
in  every  other  Southern  Town,  can  you  wonder  in 
whose  favor  we  are  prepossessed  ?  If  you  could  only 
sit  in  the  office  of  your  Agent  here  for  half  a  day,  and 
see  the  anxious  crowds  to  whom  he  deals  out  your 
Sanitary  stores,  you  and  your  co-laborers  would  be 
pleased  with  the  results  of  your  work.  The  sick  and 
wounded  are  being  sent  here  in  large  numbers  from 
the  Army  of  the  i  umberland,  and  as  a  general  thing, 
each  one  needs  some  little  thing  for  his  comfort;  and 
if  the  giver  could  only  see  the  smile  that  lights  up 
his  wan  countenance,  as  he  receives  his  share,  all 
trouble  would  be  repaid. 

Hoping  this  will  find  you  laboring  in  the  good 
cau.se,  I  remain,  in  unshaken  confidence  in  the  integ- 
rity of  the  old  flag. 

Your  Unknown  Soldier  Friend, 

H.  S. Private,  Co.  G,  21st  Wisconsin. 

On  the  28th  of  October,  1864,  "  Sergeant 
E.  H.  W."  forwarded  from  Toledo  to  the  Sol- 
diers' Aid  Society,  Zanesville,  Ohio,  an  empty 
"  Comfort  Bag,"  with  a  letter,  stating  how 
much  good  the  contents  of  the  bag  had  done 
to  the  sick  comrades  to  whom  he  had  given 
them,  while  serving  about  Petersburg  and 
Eichmond,  the  preceding  Summer.  The  let- 
ter was  published  in  the  Zanesville  Courier, 
with  a  reply  forwarded  to  the  Toledo  corre- 
spondent, by  Mrs.  D.  C.  Smith,  Secretary  of 
the  Zanesville  Society,  in  which  she  said  : 

Wlien  our  men  are  bravely  defending  our  homes 
and  rights,  I  feel  that  we,  too,  have  a  work  to  do ; 
aud  I  believe  the  women  of  America  are  doing  much 
to  alleviate  sufi'ering  humanity,  so  that  it  may  be 
said  of  very  many,  "  She  hath  done  what  she  could." 
Our  own  Society  has  done  well — so  well,  that  the 
Secretary  of  the  Christian  Commission  at  Cincinnati 
writes  me  that  we  have  done  and  are  doing,  more 
than  any  other  Society  in  the  State  ;  and  yet,  nearly 
all  the  work  devolves  on  about  six  ladies. 

In  January,  1865,  the  ladies  of  the  First 
Congregational  Church,  Toledo,  organized  a 
Christian  Commission,  Auxiliary  to  the  United 
States  Commission,  for  the  Army  and  Navy, 


and  elected  oflScers  as  follows:  President, 
Mrs.  Mary  Walbridgo  ;  Vice  President,  Mrs. 
J  Austin  Scott ;  Secretary,  Mrs.  J.  S.  Lyman  ; 
Treasurer,  Miss  Carrie  Eaton.  The  amount 
raised  by  memberships  was  $150,  of  which 
^140  was  turned  over  to  the  Branch  of  the 
United  States  Commission  for  Northwestern 
Ohio. 

In  December,  1861,  the  ladies  of  Waterville 
organized  a  Soldiers'  Aid  Society,  of  which 
Mrs.  W.  C.  Daniels  was  the  President,  and 
Sarah  E.  Morehouse  the  Secretary.  Among 
the  contributors  to  the  Society,  were  Messrs. 
L.  L.  Morehouse,  H.  H.  Wakeman,  George 
Eeed,  John  Batt,  J.  H.  Stadden,  John  A.  Flagg, 
C.  N.  Brewster,  J.  F.  Taber,  John  Webb, 
Abner  Brainard,  A.  Eakestraw,  C.  E.  Schnei- 
der, E.  W.  Gillett,  Jacob  Christman,  Geo.  Beis, 
Oscar  Ballou,  Geo.  Latham,  Thos.  Pray,  J.  E. 
Hall,  James  Marston,  Paris  H.  Pray,  S.  C. 
Brainard,  Wm.  H.  Dyer,  Wm.  Morehouse, 
Phillip  Boyer,  B.  W.  Lenderson,  Henry  Bern- 
thistle,  J.  Winters,  A.  Cobleigh,  E.  Stark- 
weather, J.  M.  Brigham,  Harry  Hauford,  and 
E.  Burchard ;  and  Mrs.  Mary  Sly,  Mrs.  John 
Hain,  Mrs.  Di-.  Pray,  Mrs.  E.  Hutchinson,  Mrs. 
Hilton,  Miss  Maria  Haine,  Miss  Catharine 
Haine,  Miss  Alice  Morehouse,  and  Miss  Malina 
Whitcomb. 

The  loyal  men  and  women  of  Washington 
Township  organized  a  Soldiers'  Aid  Society, 
October  11, 1861,  of  which  the  following  named 
were  members : 

]\Iary  P.  Whitney,  Horace  P.  Whitney,  Wm.  Rich- 
ards, Mrs.  W.  R.  Richards,  Noah  A.  Cone,  Milton 
Whitney,  Edwin  Richards,  Carrie  Whitney,  Henry 
Richards,  Sarah  Goodrich,  Lucy  Whitney,  F.  V.  Bush, 
Libbie  Bush,  Maria  Bush,  Mary  Richards,  Dr.  B.  H. 
Bush,  Mrs.  Dr.  Bush,CorneliaStebbins,  W.  T.  French, 
B.  B.  Roberts,  Mary  Bishop,  Edwin  Bishop,  Charles 
Green,  H.  F.  Sturtevant,  George  Jones,  Frank  Lane, 
J.  W.  Clark,  H.  C.  Nicholas,  Mr.  Copeland,  J.  D. 
Pomeroy,  A.  H.  Clark. 

The  officers  of  the  Societj;  were  : 

President,  Mrs.  Mary  P.  Whitney ;  Vice  President, 
W.  T.  French;  Secretary,  F.  C.  Bush;  Treasurer, 
Amelia  Bishop. 

Committees.— Purchasing— H.  P.  Whitney,  and 
Mrs.  W.  Richards.  Cutting— Mary  Bisho])  and  Lucy 
Whitney. 

The  first  anniversary  of  this  Society  was 
held  in  October,  1862.  The  annual  report 
showed  the  following  articles  to  have  been 
sent  to  Ohio  Eegiments  in  the  field: 


118 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Bed  ticks,  21 ;  pillow  ticks,  21 ;  pillow  cases,  28 ; 
sheets,  8 ;  quilts,  3 ;  filled  pillows,  (i ;  shirts,  87  ;  arm 
pads,  20;  socks,  5  pairs ;  uiittens,  25  pairs  ;  towels, 
10  ;  napkins,  4  ;  handkerchiefs,  2  ;  bandages,  :!,024 
yards;  lint,  92  boxes;  old  linen,  12  rolls;  old  cotton, 
2  rolls ;  dried  apples,  58  pounds ;  fruit,  14  cans ;  con- 
centrateil  chicken,  42  quarts ;  grated  horse  radish,  10 
buttles;  wine,  10  bottles;  dried  cherries,  8  packages; 
cloves,  1  package;  farina,  1  package;  soap,  1  pack- 
age ;  ginger  snaps,  half  a  bushel ;  toast,  1  bari'el ; 
volumes,  14;  papers  and  magazines,  27  packages ; 
stationery,  1  package. 

Ill  this  connection  the  following  list  of  arti- 
cles contributed  for  Company  K,  25th  Ohio 
Infantrj',  chiefly  by  ladies  of  Washington 
Township,  with  assistance  from  Adams  Town- 
sliip,  in  October,  1861,  will  be  appropriate,  as 
showing  how  such  supplies  were  gathered  for 
the  Soldiers  of  the  Union  by  their  friends  at 
home : 

Solon   Haughton,  1  Soldiers'  blanket,  overcoat  and 

shoes. 
Miss  Adelia  Haughton,  cash,  15.00. 
Miss  Ruth  Haughton,  cash,  $5.00. 
Lyman  Haughton,   3  undershirts,   3  blankets,   1  pair 

drawers,  1  pair  boots,  pants,  coat  and  2  vests. 
W.  Haughton,  cash,  §3.00. 
S.  Haughton,  cash,  $5.00. 
Miss  0.  Haughton,  cash,  $1.00  and  1  blanket. 
O.  Haughton,  1  flannel  shirt  and  $2.00. 
Electa  and  Frank  Haughton,  15c  each. 
Hiram  Haughton,  $10.00. 
M.  Chittenger,  cash;  $.5.00. 

C.  Waterbury,  cash,  $5.00. 

D.  Covert,  cash,  $1.00. 

Mrs.  Thomas  Secor,  1  pair  socks,   1  woolen  blanket 

and  50c. 
Mrs.  Acres,  2  pair  socks. 
Mrs.  J.  White,  1  pair  socks  and  50c. 
Mrs.  Comstock,  1  woolen  blanket. 
Mrs.  Foreman,  1  pair  woolen  blankets. 
Miss  W.  Parker,  $3.00. 
Sirs.  L.  Parker,  1  pair  shoes. 
Mrs.  H.  Miner,  1  quilt,  1  pair  socks. 
Mrs.  S.  Miner,   1  pair  woolen  blankets,   1  pair  wool 

socks,  and  1  neck  comfort. 
Mrs.  Hoag,  1  pair  socks,  1  wool  quilt. 
F.  Linencole,  cash,  2.ic. 
Mrs.  Holcombe,  1  pair  socks  and  50c. 
Jlr.  Kellogg,  50c. 
Joseph  Kellogg,  8c. 
Mr.  Covert,  cash,  $1.00. 
J.  Hooker,  cash,  $1.00. 

E.  N.  Smith,  cash,  $3.00. 
Al.  Morgan,  cash,  $2.00. 
Mrs.  Lane,  2  pair  socks. 
Mr.  Schramer,  cash,  $2.00. 

Wm.  Richards,   3  blankets,   1  pair  boots,  and  cash 
$8.00. 


Mrs.  Bush,  1  quilt,  2  pair  socks. 

H.  Brown,  $2.00. 

Samuel  Blanchard,  $1.00. 

Mrs.  Evans,  1  shirt,  1  pair  drawers,  1  pair  boots,  3 
pair  shoes,  1  blanket. 

J.  Aiken,  cash,  $1.00. 

C.  Covell,  cash,  $1.00. 

H.  Leybourne,  cash,  $1.00. 

J.  Potter,  1  blanket,  1  pair  socks,  2  shirts. 

J.  G.  Cass,  1  quilt,  1  rubber  coat,  2  pair  socks,  1  pair 
drawers,  1  shirt,  1  quire  paper,  1  package  envel- 
opes, 1  neck  comfort. 

C.  Crabbs,  cash,  $2.00. 

E.  Thomas,  cash,  50c. 

J.  Glan,  1  blanket  and  cash,  $1.00. 

H.  Glan,  1  blanket  and  cash,  $3.00. 

J.  Hoag,  $1.00. 

Mr.  Searls,  $1.00. 

Cone  Brothers,  2  j^air  drawers,  4  pair  socks,  2  shirts, 
1  quilt,  1  undershirt  and  2  yards  of  oilcloth. 

Ira  Haughton,  1  coat,  1  pair  jiants,  2  pair  drawers,  1 

quilt,  1  pair  boots,  1  pair  mittens,  2  pair  socks. 

Mrs.  J.  S.  Whitnev,  2  wool  quilts,  2  pair  socks,  and 
$1.30. 

Mrs.  Trowbridge,  $1.00. 

Mrs.  Knights,  1  quilt  and  25c. 

Mr.  Green,  1  blanket. 

Mrs.   Porter  Whitney,   2  oil  capes,   2  quilts,   1  pair 

socks  and  $1.00. 
Mrs.  N.  A.  Whitney,  1  quilt,  1  pair  socks. 
S.  S.  Ketcham,   1  pair  socks,   2  shirts,    1  pair  pants, 

and  50c. 
J.  Lester,  $1.00. 
A.  Johnson,  $2.00. 
M.  Whitney,  $1.00. 
Mrs.  Green,  1  blanket. 

5.  Green,  $1.00. 
E.  Cone,  |1.00. 
Miss  Miller,  $1.00. 
Mrs.  West,  $2.00. 

R.  E.  Richards,  $1.00. 

Mrs.  Bishop,  1  pair  socks. 

Mr.  L.  Bissell,  1  blanket. 

J.  Micham,  $2.00. 

Mrs.  S.  Ten  Eyck,  1  pair  socks. 

Mrs.  C.  Ten  Eyck,  1  quilt. 

Mrs.  B.  F.  Joy,  .$3.00. 

Mrs.  Hasty,  1  blanket. 

Mrs.  Wilson,  1  quilt. 

Mrs.  Barga,  1  quilt. 

Mrs.  D.  Mills,  1  quilt. 

Mrs.  H.  Miller,  1  quilt. 

Mr.  Etting,  $2.00. 

H.  Stebbins.  G5c. 

W.  R.  Richards,  1  pair  drawers,  2  pair  socks. 

J.  Reynolds,  1  undershirt. 

6.  Goettell,  1  pair  socks. 

H.  A.  S.  and  A.  M.,  2  pair  socks. 

Mrs.  C.  F.  Johnson,  11  pair  socks;  by  contributions 
solicited,  18  pair  socks,  2  pair  drawers,  2  wool 
undershirts,  2  pair  mittens,  1  scarf,  pins,  needles, 
thread,  etc. 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  HOME  WORK. 


119 


Mrs.  Merrill,  1  bundle,  to  son. 

Mrs.  Mulliken,  1  pair  socks. 

Mr.  Sisson,  5  pair  socks. 

Mrs.  Damn,  1  bundle,  to  son. 

Mrs.  Mulbollaud,  1  shirt,  2  pair  socks,  1  neck  comfort. 

H.  B.  W.  and  W.  E.,  75c. 

N.  C.  Kellogg,  1  pair  boots,  1  shirt,  1  pair  drawers,  2 

pair  socks,   3  pair  gloves,  paper,  envelopes,  and 

$1.00. 
D.  A.  Merrill,  1  box  and  $1.00. 
Mrs.  Sprooleken,  1  shirt,  2  pair  drawers. 
Jlrs.  BakeT,    1  shirt,    1  pair  drawers,   2  pair  socks,   1 

pair  gloves. 
F.  Whitney,  2  pair  socks. 
F.  Lang,  1  pair  drawers,  4  pair  socks,  1  blanket,  and 

$1.00. 
L.  Beoghold,  1  blanket,  3  pair  socks,  1  pair  drawers, 

and  $1.00. 
Mrs.  Lang,  1  shirt. 

Mrs.  Graham,  2  blankets,  2  pair  socks. 
Mrs.  Wilkinson  (collected),  1.5  pair  socks,  3  shirts,  9 

pair  drawers,  4  (|uilts,  1  oil-cloth,   6  packages,    1 

overcoat. 
Mr.  Grant,   1  oil-cloth,    1  iiuilt,   3  pair  socks,    1  pair 

drawers,  1  shirt. 
Mrs.  R.  A.  Scott,  1  shawl,  2  pair  drawers,  2  shirts,  2 

pair  socks,   1  pair  mittens,   1  pair  overshoes,   1 

pound  tobacco. 
C.  Woehler,  2  shirts  and  2.5c. 
Mrs.  Love,  25c. 
Mrs.  J.  Brown,  1  pair  pants,    1  shirt,   2  pair  socks,    1 

pair  boots. 
Irwin  Brown,  50c. 

The  express  charges  on  these  articles  to  Grafton, 
Virginia,  amounted  to  $26.66,  which  sum  was  con- 
tributed by  difl'erent  persons. 

lu  1864,  the  President  of  the  Washington 
Township  Soldiers'  Aid  Societj',  received  let- 
ters from  Army  Hospitals  in  the  South,  ac- 
knowledging receiirt  of  supplies  sent  by  that 
organization.  Extracts  from  these  will  indi- 
cate something  of  the  character  of  the  work 
the  loyal  women  of  the  North  were  then  doing 
for  the  "  Boys  in  Blue."  A  letter  from  Mary 
Jewett,  of  Division  Eight,  Nashville  General 
Hospital,  under  date  of  March  27th,  said: 

Would  that  you  might  know  how  acceptable  were 
the  pickles  and  apple  sauce.  1  have  just  sat  down 
from  a  tour  through  the  wards,  and  tlie  men  all  think 
there  never  were  such  pickles  made  before.  The 
dried  apples  are  furnished  in  part,  at  least,  by  the 
Commissary,  but  the  other  articles  are  luxuries  in- 
deed. Oh!  you  cannot  know  how  it  goes  to  ni}- 
heart  to  have  a  patient  ask  for  a  thing  I  cannot  give 
him,  or  how  my  heart  gives  a  bound  when  he  calls 
for  something  our  little  stores  afford. 

April  22d,  the  same  writer  said  : 

Yesterday  came  your  nice,  little  tightly-packed 
box,  in  splendid  condition.     Miss  Chase  was  unable 


to  be  up,  so  I  went  with  an  Orderly  into  the  lower 
hall  where  we  unpack  goods,  and  it  was  not  long 
before  there  was  a  circle  around  me  of  "  our  Boys." 
Contrary  to  our  usual  custom,  I  gave  out  some  of 
them  as  I  unpacked  them.  They  were  all  most  accept- 
able. Taking  an  armful  of  the  horse-radish,  1  distrib- 
uted the  bottles  around  on  the  convalescents'  tables, 
so  the  Boys  had  a  good  relish  for  their  dinner.  The 
papers  I  immediately  distributed  among  the  men. 
The  socks  are  much  nicer  than  those  we  get  at  the 
Commission,  and  are  worth  a  dozen  pairs  of  "  Gov- 
ernment." The  currant  wine  (a  little  of  it),  I  put 
with  ice,  and  a  poor  low  patient,  whose  father  was 
watching  anxiously  by  him,  was  cheered  and 
strengthened  by  it.  The  barberry  preserves  put  a 
"  good  taste  "  into  the  mouth  of  more  than  one  pa- 
tient. 

The  ladies  at  the  North  are  doing  more  than  they 
think  or  dream  of.  Many  a  patient  from  this  hospital 
has  been  saved  to  friends  and  country  by  the  thou- 
sand-and-one  little  articles  prepared  by  Northern  Aid 
Societies. 

The  stores  from  your  Society  have  come  through 
more  directly  than  from  other  places.  In  the  name 
of  our  many  Soldiers  let  me  thank  you  and  your  So- 
ciety for  the  acceptable  shipments  already  received. 

A  meeting  of  ladies  of  Washington  Town- 
ship was  held  at  the  Prairie  School  House, 
October  3,  18G3,  for  the  purpose  of  adopting 
measures  for  procuring  a  flag  for  Company  G, 
1st  Eegiment,  O.  V.  M.,  raised  in  that  Town- 
ship. Mrs.  A.  C.  Harris  was  President,  and 
Mrs.  H.  C.  Perry  the  Secretary.  The  chair 
appointed  the  following  committee  to  circulate 
subscription  papers  for  the  purpose  named : 
Mrs.  Geo.  Mallett,  Mrs.  Giles  Mallett,  Miss 
Miranda  Granger,  Miss  Sarah  Dixon,  Miss 
Anna  Poseland,  Miss  Cobb,  Miss  Sarah  L. 
Bailey,  Miss  Ann  Aldrich,  Miss  Carrie  Ley- 
bourn,  Miss  Clara  Bush,  Mrs.  Thos.  Secor, 
Miss  Haughton,  Miss  Lucy  Whitney,  and  Mrs. 
N.  Haughton.  A  committee,  consisting  of 
Miss  Haughton,  Mrs.  N.  Haughton,  and  Miss 
Cousins,  were  appointed  to  make  arrangements 
for  the  flag.  Miss  Ruth  Haughton  was  the 
Treasurer. 

The  Ladies'  Freedmen's  Aid  Society  of 
Toledo  was  organized  March  27, 1865,  with  the 
following  officers:  President,  Mrs.  W.  W. 
Griffith  ;  Vice  Presidents,  Mrs.  John  Sinclair, 
Trinity  Church  ;  Mrs.  Matthew  Brown,  First 
Congregational  Church  ;  Mrs.  Geo.  Tanner, 
German  M.  E.  Church  ;  Mrs.  Fred.  Valentine, 
Ames  Chapel;  Mrs.  R.  R.  Foulkes,  St.  Paul's 
M.  E.  Church.  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Plympton 
Buck,   St.  Paul's   M.    E.    Church.     Secretary, 


120 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Mrs.  Alonzo  Godard,  First  Congregational 
Church.  This  Society  was  auxiliarj'^  to  the 
Western  Freednien's  Aid  Commission.  At  one 
time  it  forwarded  goods  and  money  of  the 
value  of  $1,610.15,  for  the  use  of  the  Freed- 
men  of  the  South.  There  was  at  that  time  also 
in  Toledo,  the  Colored  Ladies'  Freednien's  Aid 
Society,  which  made  contributions  to  the  same 
object,  as  also  did  the  Colored  School,  then 
separate  fi-om  the  Schools  provided  for  white 
children,  but  which  ceased  to  exist  whea 
colored  children  were  admitted  to  all  Schools 
in  1871. 


From  the  beginning  of  the  War  until  the 
Summer  of  1862,  the  Government  had  been  en- 
abled, with  the  effective  co-operation  of  loyal 
citizens,  to  fill  its  Army  by  volunteering.  At 
the  latter  date,  however,  the  demands  for  re- 
cruits became  too  great  to  be  met  in  that  wa}', 
and  the  coercive  agency  of  the  draft  was  found 
necessary,  chiefly  as  stimulation  to  volunteer- 
ing and  the  provision  of  substitutes  by  these 
liable  to  draft.  On  the  1st  'of  July,  the  Presi- 
dent had  called  for  300,000  three-years'  troops, 
which  call  was  in  progress  of  execution,  when, 
early  in  August,  he  issued  a  requisition  for 
300,000  one-year  men.  The  effect  of  this  last 
call,  was  greatly  to  alarm  such  persons  subject 
to  draft  as  had  expected  to  escape  through  vol- 
unteering by  others;  and  they  were  moved  to 
devise  ways  and  means  for  relief  from  such 
unpleasant  situation.  Along  the  Northern 
border,  Canada  at  once  became  a  locality  of  in- 
terest to  this  class;  and  soon  a  manifest  tide 
of  emigration  Northward  set  in,  which  in- 
creased with  the  increasing  danger  of  a  draft. 
The  Government,  by  the  order  of  the  Secretary 
of  War,  sought  to  check  this  movement,  and 
to  some  extent  succeeded  in  such  object ;  but 
it  could  not  be  wholly  repressed.  The  "  Ske- 
daddlers,"  as  they  soon  came  to  be  called,  in 
greater  or  less  numbers  found  their  way  "over 
the  border,"  under  the  flag  of  Britain.  The 
local  authorities  of  Cities  on  and  near  to  the 
Canada  line,  did  what  they  could  to  co-operate 
with  the  Government ;  but  it  was  not  practica- 
ble to  accomplish  very  much  in  that  direction. 
On  the  9th  of  August,  1862,  the  Toledo  City 
Marshal  arrested  at  the  Union  Depot,  13  pas- 
sengers arriving  by  the  Dayton  &  Michigan 
Eailroad,  and  took  them  to  the  Police  Station. 
They  were  en  route  for  Canada.    At  the  Police 


Court,  each  gave  an  account  of  himself  and  the 
object  of  his  journeyings  ;  but  none  confessed 
to  "  skedaddling."  No  evidence  being  pre- 
sented that  they  were  deserters  from  the  Mil- 
itary Service,  they  were  discharged. 

This  sudden  emigration  to  Canada,  was 
largely  made  up  of  Irish  residents,  some  of 
whom  were  naturalized  citizens,  and  many 
were  not.  For  the  purpose  of  relieving  their 
nationality  of  such  shame,  a  number  of  promi- 
nent Irish  citizens  of  Toledo,  August  11,  1863, 
had  jjublished  the  following  card,  to  wit : 

To  Die  Public: 

The  undersigned,  citizens  of  Toledo  of  Irish  birth, 
having  heard  that,  in  anticipation  of  a  draft  to  fill  the 
Armies  of  the  Union,  large  numbers  of  persons  are 
leaving  or  attempting  to  leave  the  country  for  Can- 
ada, take  this  method  of  expressing  our  utter  con- 
demnation and  detestation  of  such  conduct,  so  cow- 
ardly and  treacherous. 

Beneath  the  glorious  flag  of  the  Republic,  citizens 
of  Irish  birth  have  enjoyed  protection  and  immunity 
for  life,  property,  and  religious  opinions  and  worship 
— freedom,  which,  in  the  oppressed  land  of  their  na- 
tivity, they  could  not  expect  to  enjoy;  and  we  rec- 
ognize in  its  fullest  extent,  the  duty  of  defending  the 
honor  of  that  flag,  wherever  or  by  wliomsoever  as- 
sailed. We  hope  that  no  Irishman  has  attempted  or 
will  attempt  to  evade  the  call  of  his  adopted  country, 
when  his  arm  is  needed  to  defend  her. 

The  undersigned  would  advise  and  request  the 
Irish  citizens  of  Toledo  to  put  their  shoulders  to  the 
wheel,  and  help  the  great  and  glorious  old  flag — the 
Stars  and  Stripes — out  of  her  present  trouble,  by  rais- 
ing one  or  more  Volunteer  Companies  to  till  the  call 
made  by  the  President.  That  flag  has  at  all  times 
stretched  the  hand  of  Liberty  to  the  oppressed  of  all 
Nations.  Irishmen !  come  to  her  aid !  .She  has 
called  for  your  help,  to  put  down  the  Traitors  who 
are  ready  to  sell  our  liberties  back  to  the  hated  of  all 
flags— the  British  flag.  Let  there  be  no  more  saying, 
"  This  is  an  Abolition  War."  The  President  has 
stood,  and  is  bound  to  stand  by  the  Constitution,  and 
like  good  citizens,  let  the  Irish  .stand  by  the  Consti- 
tution and  the  President  in  his  noble  efl'ort  to  put 
down  the  Rebellion. 

Dennis  Coghlin.  Declan  Allen. 

James  McGallaghan.  John  D.  Crennan. 

Thomas  Tuey.  P.  H.  Blake. 

Thomas  O'Neil.  M.  Howard. 

John  Mulhenny.  Wm.  J.  Finlay. 

James  Callagiian.  Patrick  Gavin. 

Thomas  Tiernan.  Charles  Sinclair. 

John  Gildea.  Fred.  J.  Cole. 

Dennis  Hart.  Patrick  Clear. 

Barney  O'Farrell.  Thomas  Morris. 

Will.  Larkins.  Jlorrough  O'Brien. 

Patrick  Flynn.  Thomas  Henry. 

Edward  Connelly.  Charles  O'Hara. 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION —HOME   WORK. 


121 


F.  O'Farrell. 
Thomas  Gregory. 
Patrick  Conlisk. 
Patrick  Malonc. 
John  Byrne. 
Patrick  Galloway. 


John  McKinney. 
John  T.  Mahcr. 
John  H.  Moore. 
Edward  Malone. 
Michael  K.  Doyle. 
Barney  Malion. 
Toledo,  August  11,  1803. 

The  "  Skedaddler  "   was  recognized  in  verse 
by  a  poet  of  the  time,  as  follows  : 

LAY  FOR  SKEDADDLERS. 
A.1R—A11  tlie  Blue  Bonnels  Over  the  Border. 

Run,  run,  Yankee  and  foreigner- 
Run,  run,  my  lads,  never  mind  going  in  order. 
Run,  run,  conscripts  and  colored  men- 
All  Skedaddlers  en  route  for  the  border- 
Many  a  Copperhead, 
Not  liking  steel  or  lead  ; 
Many  a  "  Unionist,"  famous  for  bluster. 
Mount  and  make  ready,  men  ; 
Here  comes  the  draft  again  ; 
Fly  for  security  over  the  Border. 
Run.  run,  etc. 

Come  from  your  homes  where  you  are  sure  to  be  drafted— 

Trust  to  your  heels  to  escape  from  the  foe ; 
Come  to  the  laud  where  you  will  ouly  be  laughed  at ; 
Come  where  you  still  can  continue  to  blow. 

Trumpets  are  braying 

Conscripts  are  praying ; 
Gird  up  ^ur  loins  and  run  in  good  order ; 

Canada  '11  many  a  day 

Tell  of  the  fuuny  way 
JIany  a  Skedaddler  went  over  the  Border. 


Here  is  an  original  contribution  from  the 
Toledo  Blade  of  December  24,  18()4,  written 
at  a  point  in  the  Eebellion  when  the  final  suc- 
cess of  the  cause  of  the  Union  was  well  assured  : 

VICTORY ! 

We  sing  to  Thee,  O  God  !  this  night, 
A  song  of  praise,  that  in  Thy  might 
Thou  strikes!  down  the  foes  of  right 

And  Freedom's  cause ; 
That  from  the  chaos  of  the  hour 
Thou  bringest  forth  a  beauteous  flower— 
An  Olive— from  the  peaceful  bower 

Of  higher  laws;  — 

That  from  the  blood-staiued  battlefield, 
Where  centre  hopes  we'll  never  yield. 
So  long  as  Thy  right  hand  shall  wield 

Thy  Sword  of  Truth- 
Assurance  comes  that  Freedom's  stars 
Shall  still  bedeck  the  crown  she  wears  ; 
While  '  neath  her  lustre  lurk  no  scars 

To  mar  her  youth. 

Let  mourner,  who  for  hero  weeps. 
Who  loves  the  spot  where  valor  sleeps. 
Or  tender  watch  '  round  loved  ones  keeps, 

Come  join  our  song ; 
God  save  the  Union !    Save  the  land, 
Blighted  not  by  treason's  band, 
Firm  in  Thee,  a  Sister  band, 

Forever  Strong.  Quiz.  ■* 

The  true  poet  could  hardly  have  more  fitting 
subjects  or  more  inspiring  incidents  to  awaken 

*  Judge  J.  H.  Doyle,  of  Toledo. 


his  muse,  than  were  furnished  by  the  events 
of  the  struggle  for  the  Nation's  life;  and  most 
frequently  and  fittingly  were  these  improved. 
Among  the  pi'oducts  of  the  occasion,  was  the 
following,  which  made  the  rounds  of  the  press 
without  due  credit  to  its  author  : 

SOMEBODY'S  DARLING. 

luto  a  Ward  of  the  white-washed  halls. 

Where  the  dead  and  dying  lay. 
Wounded  l>y  Ijayonet,  shells  and  balls. 

Somebody's  Darling  was  borne  one  day. 
Somebody's  Darling,  so  young  and  so  brave, 

Weariug  yet  iu  his  pale  sweet  face, 
Soon  to  be  hid  by  the  dust  of  the  grave, 

The  lingering  light  of  his  boyhood's  grace. 

Matted  and  damp  are  the  curls  of  gold, 

Kissing  the  snow  of  the  fair  young  brow  ; 

Pale  are  the  lips  of  delicate  mold- 
Somebody's  Darling  is  dying  now. 

Back  from  his  beautiful  blue-veined  brow. 
Brush  all  the  wandering  waves  of  gold  ; 

Cross  his  hands  on  his  bosom  now— 
Somebody's  Darling  is  still  and  cold. 

Kiss  him  once,  for  Somebody's  sake; 

Murmur  a  prayer  both  soft  and  low  ; 
One  bright  curl  from  its  fair  mates  take— 

They  were  Somebody's  pride,  you  know. 
Somebody's  han<l  hath  rested  there — 

Was  it  a  Mother's,  soft  and  white'? 
And  have  the  lips  of  a  Sister  fair. 

Been  baptized  in  the  waves  of  light'? 

God  knows  best !    He  was  Somebody's  love : 

Somebody's  heart  enshrined  him  there; 
Somebody's  wafted  his  name  above 

Night  and  morn,  on  wings  of  prayer. 
Somebody  wept,  when  he  marched  away, 

Looking  so  handsome,  brave  and  grand. 
Somebody's  kiss  on  his  forehead  lay. 

Somebody  clung  to  his  parting  hand. 

Somebody's  waiting  and  watching  for  him— 

Y' earning  to  press  him  again  to  her  heart ; 
But  there  he  lies  with  his  blue  eyes  dim, 

With  his  smiling  child-like  lips  apart. 
Tenderly  bury  the  fair  young  dead, 

Pausing  to  drop  on  his  grave  a  tear; 
Carve  in  the  wooden  slab  at  his  head — 

"  Sonic6odi/'s  Darling  slumbers  here.** 

Nor  should  the  "  Contrabands"  of  the  South, 
who  in  1864  had  risen  to  the  dignity  of 
"  Freedmen,"  be  passed  without  recognition  of 
the  jubilant  litei-ature  with  which  they  gave 
expression  to  the  joy  which  President  Lincoln's 
Emancipation  Proclamation  of  January  1, 18(j3, 
brought  to  them.  Here  is  a  sample  of  such, 
which  was  sung  by  that  class  in  Mississippi: 

OLD  SHADY. 

Oh  !  ya,  ya !    Darkies,  laugh  with  me  ; 
For  de  White  Folks  say  old  Shady's  free ! 
Don't  you  see  dat  de  jubilee 

Is  comin',  ccmin' !    Hail  mighty  day  I 

CHORUS. 

Den  away,  den  away ;  for  I  can't  stay  any  longer; 
Hurra,  Hurra  I  for  I  am  going  home.    [Bepeat.] 


I 


122 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Miissa  got  seared,  and  so  did  his  lady ! 
Dis  chile  brolce  tor  ole  Uncle  Ahy ; 
Open  de  gates  out !  here's  old  Shudy 

Comin',  comin' !    Hail,  mighty  day  ! 

CliOKUS— Jfep«a<. 

Good-bye,  Massa  JoflT!  good-bye.  Missus  Steveus! 
'  Sense  dis  Nigger  for  taking  his  Icabins'. 
'  Spec,  prettj-  soon,  yon'll  see  Vncle  Abram's 
Comin',  comin' !    Hail,  mighty  day  ! 

CiioKUS— J?epca(. 

Good-bye,  hard  work,  and  nebber  any  pay— 
I'm  gdin'  up  Norf.  where  the  White  Folks  stay ; 
White  wheat-bread  and  a  dollar  a  day  ! 

Comin',  comin' !    Hail,  mighty  day  ! 

Chorus— iJcpeo*. 

I've  got  a  wife,  and  she's  got  a  baby, 

W'ay  up  Norf  in  Lower  Canady — 

Won't  dey  shout  when  dey  see  ole  Shady 

Comin',  comin'?    Hail,  mighty  day ! 
Chori's— ii:e;>(;a(. 

No  less  appropriate  here,  will  be  the  follow- 
ing ditty,  sung  by  Uncle  Sam's  Colored  Infan- 
trj-,  on  their  joyous  march  into  and  through 
Petersburg  and  Eichmond,  early  on  the  morn- 
ing (April  19,  1865)  following  the  surrender 
of  Lee  at  Appomatox : 

Say,  Darkies,  hab  you  seen  de  Massa, 

Wid  de  muiTstash  on  his  face, 
Go  'long  the  road  some  time  dis  morniu', 

Like  he'sgoin'  to  leab  de  place? 

He  seen  de  smoke  way  up  de  ribber 

Where  de  Linkum  gunljoats  lay  : 

He  took  his  hat  and  leab  berry  sudden. 

And  I  'spose  he's  gone  away. 

De  Massa  run,  ha !  ha ! 

De  Darkey  stay,  ho !  ho ! 
It  must  be  now  de  Kingdom  Comin', 
An'  de  yar  ob  Jubilo. 

He's  six  foot  one  way  and  four  foot  todder, 

An'  he  weighs  six  hundred  poun'. 
His  coat's  so  big  he  couldn't  pay  de  tailor, 

An'  it  won't  reach  half  way  roun'. 
He  drills  so  much  dey  calls  him  Cap'n, 

An'  he  gits  so  mighty  tan'd. 
I  spec  he'll  try  to  fool  dem  Yankees 
For  to  tiuk  he's  "  Contraband." 
De  Massa  run.  ha !  ha ! 

De  Darkey  stay,  ho !  ho ! 
It  must  be  now  de  Kingdom  Comin', 
An'  de  yar  ob  Jubilo. 

The  song,  "John  Brown's  Body,"  first  be- 
came known  soon  after  the  opening  of  the 
Kebellion.  This  came  about  chiefly  through 
the  singing  of  the  medley  by  Union  Soldiers. 
It  received  a  special  send-oif  from  the  Webster 
Begiment,  made  up  chiefly  of  the  more  culti- 
vated young  men  of  Boston,  who  surprised  the 
conservative  jjeople  of  that  City  by  singing  it 
through  their  streets  in  August,  1861.  As  then 
produced,  it  was  as  follows  : 

John  Brown's  body  lies  a-mouldering  in  the  grave; 
John  Brown's  body  lies  a-mouldering  in  the  grave : 
John  Brown's  body  lies  a-mouldering  in  the  grave; 
His  soul  goes  marching  on ! 


CAOTOS— Glory  Hally  Hallelujah  !    Glory  Hally  Hallelujah ! 
Glory  Hally  Hallelujah  ! 
His  soul 's  marching  on  ! 

The  substratum  of  the  balance,  omitting  the 
repetition  and  refrain,  was: 

He  's  gone  to  be  a  soldier  in  the  army  of  the  Lord — 
John  Brown's  knapsack  is  strapped  upon  his  back— 
His  pet  lambs  they  will  meet  him  on  the  way— 
They  will  hang  Jefl'.  Davis  to  a  sour  apple  tree ! 
Now,  three  rousing  cheers  for  the  Union  I 
As  we  are  marching  on ! 

Cho.— Glory  Hally  Hallelujah  !    Glory  Hally  Hallelujah  ! 
Glory  Hally  Hallelujah ! 
Hip,  Hip,  Hip,  nip,  Hurrah! 


While  it  might  be  invidious  and  unjust  to 
claim  that  any  one  State  of  the  Union  did 
more,  in  proportion  to  its  means,  than  did  any 
other  State,  for  the  defense  of  the  Union  in  the 
hour  of  its  sorest  trial,  it  is  deemed  entirely 
safe  to  assert,  that  in  such  resfiect  Ohio  stands 
abreast  the  foremost  of  her  Sisters,  She  did 
her  duty,  and  that  is  all  the  best  possibly  could 
do.  From  the  first  signal  of  rebellion  rung  out 
at  Charleston  Hai'bor,  the  Buckeye  State  was 
alive  with  both  indignation  towards  the  trea- 
son and  activity  and  earnestness  fer  its  sujj- 
presaion.  And  the  sentiment  of  loyalty  and 
promptness  in  action  which  marked  her  course 
at  the  outset,  were  not  the  mere  ebullition  of 
the  moment;  but  were  shown  throughout  the 
four  years  of  persistent  rebellion.  While 
prompt  in  response  to  calls  for  men  and  means 
for  the  support  of  the  Militaiy  operations  of 
the  Government,  she  was  no  less  conspicuous 
in  the  maintenance  of  the  no  less  essential  aid 
of  a  sound  public  sentiment.  No  State  did 
more  to  cheer  the  hearts  of  the  Soldiers  of  the 
Union,  by  the  assurance  of  an  earnest  sj-mj^a- 
thy  and  devoted  co-operation,  than  did  Ohio. 
It  was  claimed — with  what  justice  cannot  here 
be  asserted — that  the  Foui'teenth  Ohio  Volun- 
teers, was  the  first  Eegiment  accejJted  by  the 
Government;  while  her  force  of  Volunteers 
recruited  for  the  three-months  service,  was 
fully  one-fourth  in  number  ot  the  entire  call 
of  the  President. 

The  report  of  the  Provo.st- Marshal  General, 
prepared  after  the  clo.se  of  the  War,  showed, 
that  from  April,  1861,  the  date  of  the  Presi- 
dent's first  call,  until  December,  1864,  when 
the  last  call  (for  oO(i,0()0  men)  was  made,  Ohio 
had  furnished  311,4H3  men.  These  were  en- 
listed for  different  periods  of  service — fi'om  100 
days  to  five  years — but  reduced  to  a  three- 
years  standard,  they  represented  237,076  men. 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  HOME   WORK. 


123 


Under  the  call  of  May,  1864,  the  State  furnished 
84,116men,  although  her  quota  was  only  67,365. 
Under  the  call  of  July  2,  1862,  she  furnished 
58,325  men,  when  her  quota  called  for  but 
36,858.  The  number  of  Colored  men  enlisted 
in  the  State  was  5,002,  and  of  Sailors,  1,016. 

Of  the  317,433  Ohio  Soldiers,  78,219  suffered 
some  casualty  or  left  the  field  before  the  expi- 
ration of  their  terms  of  service,  as  follows  : 
Killed,  11,237;  died  of  disease,  13,554;  honor- 
ably discharged,  16,031  ;  deserted,  12,609  (less 
than  four  per  cent.);  dishonorably  discharged, 
105  (less  than  one-third  of  one  per  cent.);  dis- 
charged for  disability,  21,880.  Officers  resigned, 
4,804;  officers  dismissed,  157;  officers  cashiered, 
16. 

The  citizens  of  Ohio  paid  ?4,908,087.53  com- 
mutation to  escape  liability  to  draft  and  to 
avoid  service  when  drafted.  In  addition  to  her 
share  of  $300,000,000,  which  it  cost  the  General 
Government  to  obtain  2,500,000  of  Soldiers, 
Ohio,  in  her  State  capacity,  and  through 
county  and  other  organizations,  paid  $23,500,- 
000.  The  total  vote  of  Ohio  in  1860,  was 
442,441.  Comparing  this  with  the  number  of 
troops  furnished,  it  will  be  seen  that  the  equiv- 
alent of  about  75  per  cent,  of  her  voting  Jiop- 
ulation  wore  in  the  field  in  defense  of  the  Union. 
Including  those  from  Ohio  who  enlisted  in  other 
States,  it  would  probably  be  found  that  the 
number  would  nearly,  if  not  quite,  reach  the 
entire  voting  population. 


During  the  War  of  the  Eebellion,the  readers 
of  home  papers  were  largely  indebted  to  intel- 
ligent and  observing  Soldiers  for  rejjorts  of 
movements  in  the  field,  so  far  as  these  could 
properly  be  given.  The  Toledo  Blade  was 
highly  favored  in  that  respect.  Among  those 
who,  to  greater  or  less  extent,  sent  such  corre- 
spondence, were  the  following  named  persons  : 

Chaplain  John  Eaton,  jr.,  27th  Ohio,  as  "J.  E.  Jr." 

Charles  E.  Bliven,  as  "  Pen  Lever." 

Chaplain  E.  B.  RafFensperger,  14th  Ohio,  as  "  E. 
B.  R." 

Samuel  S.  Read,  Secretary  of  General  J.  B.  Steed- 
man,  as  "Erie." 

Wui.  A.  Ewing,  Battery  H,  1st  Ohio  Light  Artil- 
lery, as  "Wanderer." 

Captain  Reed  V.  Boice,  67th  Ohio,  as  "  R.  V.  B." 

Henry  T.  Bissell,  Adjutant  111th  Ohio  Infantry,  as 
"  H.  T.  B." 

Ralph  H.  Waggoner,  l.'jOth  Ohio,  as  "  Dolphus." 

Lieutenant  Geo.  M.  Ballard,  67th  Ohio,  as  "G.M.B." 


Captain  John  C.  Cochran,  ()7th  Ohio,  as  "J.  C.  C." 

Chaplain  Geo.  A.  Adams,  Uth  Ohio  Cavalry,  iis 
"G.  A.  A." 

Colonel  J.  AV.  Paramore,  3d  Ohio  Cavalry. 

Major  Lewis  Butler,  67th  Ohio. 

Captain  James  A.  Chase,  14th  Ohio. 

Dr.  Robert  Johnson,  Assistant  Surgeon  lOOtli  Oliio. 

Rev.  J.  Crabbe,  Chaplain  t)7th  Ohio.  ' 

Jonathan  Wood,  14th  Ohio. 

Colonel  H.  N.  Howland,  od  Ohio  Cavalry. 

Henry  G.  Burr. 

Martin  B.  Ewing,  Battery  Shields. 

Wm.  H.  Perigo,  Battery  H. 

Captain  J.  Kent  Hamilton,  113th  Ohio. 

Captain  Henry  G.  Neubert,  14th  Ohio. 

Rev.  L.  M.  Albright,  from  Chattanooga. 

Dr.  Charles  Cochran,  Volunteer  Surgeon,  at  Pitts- 
burg Lauding,  April,  1862. 

Captain  Hartwell  (Jsborn,  o5th  Ohio. 


The  surrender  of  Lee's  Eebel  forces  at  Ap- 
pomattox, took  place  April  9,  1865.  The  next 
day  a  meeting  of  citizens  of  Toledo  was  held 
at  the  Board  of  Trade  Rooms,  to  consult  in  re- 
gard to  the  manner  of  complying  with  the 
request  of  Governor  Brough,  for  proper  com- 
memoration of  the  close  of  the  Rebellion. 
Harrj'  Chase  was  the  Chairman,  and  Chas.  T. 
Wales  of  the  Blade,  and  Stephen  J.  Meaney  of 
the  Commercial,  were  the  Secretaries  of  the 
meeting.  Measures  were  taken  for  such  object, 
but  ere  the  time  arrived  for  the  proposed  ex- 
ercises, the  assassin's  hand  laid  President  Lin- 
coln in  death,  whereby  the  day  of  rejoicing 
and  thanksgiving  was  suddenly  changed  to 
one  of  sorrow  and  sadness.  Accordingly,  the 
day  appointed  for  celebrating  the  great  Na- 
tional victory  in  the  defeat  of  armed  Rebellion, 
was  devoted  to  an  extent  of  mourning  never 
before  known  in  Toledo.  The  Blade's  report 
of  the  occasion  was  substantially  as  follows: 

The  request  of  the  authorities  that  the  people  of 
this  City  should  observe  a  portion  of  the  day  in  ap- 
propriate religious  exercises,  was  complied  with,  but 
the  time  mentioned  did  not  suffice  for  such  an  ex- 
pression of  the  public  feeling  as  the  majority  deemed 
appropriate,  and,  instead  of  a  suspension  of  business 
for  four  hours  during  the  middle  of  the  day,  from 
morning  until  night  the  stores  on  Summit  street  were 
closed,  and  employers  and  employes  engaged  in  the 
exercises  on  the  street  and  at  the  different  houses  of 
worship,  and  afterward  refrained  from  all  worldly 
pursuits  for  the  remainder  of  the  day. 

From  early  morn  until  evening  the  City  presented 
a  most  gloomy  appearance.  Kearly  every  building 
on  Summit  .street  was  draped  in  black — Hags  in  the 
City  and  of  the  shipping  in  the  harbor  floated  at  half- 


124 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


mast,  and  many  of  them  were  draped  in  mourning, 
while  on  all  the  back  streets,  the  dwellings  showed 
that  the  inmates  partook  of  the  general  sorrow,  and 
in  whatever  direetion  the  eye  turned  there  was  evi- 
dence of  universal  grief. 

At  the  hour  specified  the  ujeiiibers  of  the  First 
rtegiuient  National  Guards  assembled  at  the  corner 
of  Summit  and  Cherry  streets,  and  each  company  as- 
sumed its  appropriate  place  in  regimental  line.  While 
this  was  being  done,  citizens  were  arriving  at  the 
place  designated  for  organizing  the  procession,  and 
when  the  military  arrangements  were  completed, 
there  wore  several  thousand  on  the  ground  awaiting 
assignment  to  places  in  the  procession.  Among  these 
were  several  Fire  t'ompaniesand  other  CivicSocieties, 
some  of  them  wearing  tlie  regalia  of  the  Order  tii 
which  they  belonged,  and  all  wearing  crape  on  the 
left  arm. 

Under  the  direction  of  Colonel  John  R.  Bond,  ]\Iar- 
shal  of  the  Day,  and  his  assistants,  Colonels  D.  F. 
DeWolf  and  N.  M.  Howard,  the  procession  was  soon 
completed,  and  the  word  being  given,  the  march 
commenced  in  the  following  order: 

Union  Silver  Band. 

Field  Oflieers  1st  Regiment  O.  N.  G. 

First  Regiment  Ohio  National  Guards. 

Provost  Marshal  and  Assistants. 

Mayor  and  Conncil. 

The  Toledo  Board  of  Trade. 

Fire  Department. 

Wapaukonica  Lodge  No.  o7.  I.  O.  O.  F. 

German  Saengerbnnd. 

Cierman  Shooting  Society. 

Ancient  Order  of  Druids. 

Father  Matthew  Temperance  Society. 

Disbanded  Fire  Companies. 

Citizens. 

The  procession  marched  up  Summit  Street  to  Perry, 
thence  to  St.  Clair,  down  St.  Clair  to  Monroe,  :Monroe 
to  Summit,  and  thence  to  Madison  street,  in  front  of 
the  Post  Office,  where  it  was  massed  for  the  purpose 
of  hearing  addresses.  The  streets  through  which  the 
procession  ]iassed  were  densely  crowded  with  men, 
women  and  children,  all  of  whom  seemed  to  partake 


of  the  solemnity  of  the  occasion,  for  there  was  an  en- 
tire absence  of  that  frivolity  and  noise  which  usually 
attend  large  gatherings  of  the  people.  The  bells  were 
tolled  between  the  hours  of  9  and  11  a.  m.,  and  their 
melanchoh'  tones,  mingled  with  those  of  the  Union 
Silver  Band,  added  to  the  solemnity  of  the  occasion. 
The  various  organizations,  which  constituted  the 
larger  part  of  the  procession,  made  a  fine  ajipearance. 
The  members  of  the  First  Regiment  t)hio  National 
Guard,  by  their  martial  bearing,  showed  that  their 
military  experience  of  last  summer  had  not  been  for- 
gotten, and,  both  as  regards  numbers  and  display, 
their  turnout  yesterday  was  exceedingly  creditable. 
The  different  Civic  Societies  were  out  in  full  nundiers. 
Having  arrived  in  front  of  the  Post  Office,  Mayor 
Dorr  called  the  meeting  to  order,  and  Hon.  J.  M. 
Ashley,  Rev.  Father  Edward  Hannin,  Capt.  Charles 
Kent  and  Louis  H.Pike,  Esq.,  addressed  the  audience. 
The  speaking  concluded,  the  immense  concourse 
united  in  singing  "  Old  Hundred,"  the  benediction 
was  pronounced  by  Rev.  E.  B.  Raffensperger,  and  the 
members  of  the  different  congregations  repaired  to 
their  respective  places  of  worship. 

At  the  Churches  the  deepest  solemnity  prevailed. 
In  each,  the  altar,  jnilpit  and  walls  were  drajied  in 
black,  the  effect  of  which,  combined  with  the  mourn- 
ful state  of  the  public  mind,  rendered  the  occasion 
the  most  impressive  ever  w  itnessed  in  this  City.  The 
discourses  in  the  Churches  were  listened  to  with 
marked  attention.  The  subject  chosen  by  each  Cler- 
gyman had  reference  to  the  loss  which  the  Nation 
had  suilered  in  the  death  of  iMr.  Lincoln,  and  the 
necessity  of  entrusting  to  Him  who  rules  among  the 
nations  of  the  earth  for  the  accomplishment  of  His 
ow'n  wise  purposes,  the  guidance  of  our  affairs,  and 
looking  to  Him  for  the  preservation  of  the  Republic 
and  the  fulfillment  of  our  long  cherished  hopes  of  a 
permanent  peace. 

In  connection  with  the  foregoing  report,  the 
Blade  of  Ain-W  liOtb  liad  the  following  appro- 
priate tablet : 


THE   WAR   OF   THE   REBELLION—  HOME   WORK. 


125 


Zo  tbe 
of 

"Hbrabam  Xincoliv 


I 
I 


PKESIDENT  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES  OF  AMERICA, 

Who  died  a  Martyr  to  his  Countrj', 

Falling  under  the  hands  of  a   Traitor  Assassin, 

Oil  the  night  of  the  14th  day  of  April,  1865, 

The  Fourth  Anniversary  of  the  beginning  of  the  great 

WAR  OF  REBELLION, 

Through   which   he  had   led  the  Nation  to  a  Glorious  Triumph, 

Just  comjjleted.  when  the    Dastardly  Revenge  of 

Vanquished  Treason  was  wrought  in  his  monstrous  murder. 


Tiie  Great  Republic  loved  him 

As  its  Father, 

And  reverenced  him  as  the  Preserver  of  its  National  Life. 

The  oppressed  People  of  all    Lands  looked  up  to  him 

As  the  Anointed  of  Liberty,  and  liailed  in  him  the  consecrated 

Leader  of  her  Cause. 

He  struck  the  chains  of  Slavery  from   Four  Millions 

Of  a  despised  Race,  and  with  a  Noble  Faith  in  Humanity, 

Raised  them  to  the  admitted  dignity  of  Manhood. 

ills  Wisdom,  his  Prudence,  his  Calm  Temper,  his  Steadfast  Patience, 

His  lofty  Courage  and  his  loftier  Faith, 

He  Saved  the  Republic  from  Dissolution  ; 

By  his  Simple  Integrity  he  illustrated  the  neglected   Princijjles 

Of  "its  Constitution,  and  Restored   them  to  their  just  Ascendancy; 

all  tlie  Results  of  his  Administration  of  its  Government, 

He  Inaugurated   a  New  Era 

In  the  History  of  Mankind. 

The  Wisdom  of  his  Statesmanship  was  excelled 

Only  hj  its  Virtuousness. 

Exercising  a  Power  which  surpassed  that  of  Kings, 

He  bore  himself  ahvaj-s  as 

The  Servant  of  the   People, 

And  never  as  its  Master. 

Too  sincere  in  the  Sim))licity  of  his  Nature  to  be  affected  by  an  elevation 

The  Proudest  among    Human    Dignities, 

He  stands  in  the  ranks  of  the  Illustrious  of  all  Time  as 

The  Purest  Exemplar  of  Democracy. 

While  Goodness  is   beloved. 

And  Great  Deeds   are   Remembered, 

The  World  will  never  cease  to  Revere 

The  Name  and  Memory 

o  P 


By 


By 


Hbrabam  Xincoliu 


"  If  God  wills  that  this  mighty  Scourge  uf  War  continue  until  all  the  wealth  piled  by  the  Bond- 
man's two  hundred  and  fifty  years  of  unrequited  toil  shall  be  sunk,  and  until  every  drop  of  blood 
drawn  by  the  lash  shall  be  paid  by  another  drawn  with  the  sword,  as  was  said  three  thousand  years 
ago,  so  still  it  must  be  said,  that  tlie  Judgments  of   '  the  Lord  are  true  and  righteous  altogether.'  " 


March  4th,  1865. 


ABRAHAM  LI^X'OLN. 


CHAPTER    VII. 


THE    WAR   OF   THE    REBELLION FIELD    WORK. 


THE  compiler  of  this  Volume  is  not  insensi- 
ble to  the  extreme  delicacy  of  the  duty  de- 
volved upon  him  in  the  preparation  of  the  sec- 
ond branch  of  Lucas  County's  record  in  defense 
of  the  Union.  Full  justice  could  be  done  the 
County,  only  by  doing  full  justice  to  every  cit- 
izen thereof  who  took  an  active  part  as  a  Sol- 
dier of  the  Union  ;  and  that  would  be  imprac- 
ticable. Record  the  most  complete  possible 
would  not  supply  the  data  requisite  for  such  a 
work;  for  the  reason  that  human  testimony 
could  not  reveal  the  qualities  of  such  service 
which,  after  all,  most  truly  bear  witness  to  the 
Soldier's  real  merits— those  of  the  heart.  The 
best  to  be  done  is  to  present  the  actio7i  of  those 
who  "  went  to  the  front,"  in  such  just  light  as 
may  be  practicable,  leaving  the  reader  to  judge 
therefi'om  as  to  the  motives  which,  in  each 
case,  controlled  such  action.  The  greater 
prominence  of  particular  individuals,  is  by 
no  means  conclusive  proof  of  either  superior 
service  or  superior  mei'its.  The  obscure  pri- 
vate, with  nothing  but  the  "  enlisting  papers  " 
to  bear  witness  even  of  his  presence  in  the 
Army,  often  is  entitled  to  higher  honors  than 
he  whose  promotion  was  sounded  through 
the  ranks  and  proclaimed  bj'  the  public  press ; 
but  proof  of  this  fact,  is  denied  the  world,  and 
ma}"  never  have  been  known  beyond  the  mod- 
est, unpretending  consciousness  of  the  obscure 
hero.  It  was  the  Private  Soldiers — not  their 
commanders — who  suppressed  the  Rebellion  ; 
and  this  fact  cannot  be  too  fully  recognized. 
It  was  not  the  giving,  so  much  as  the  execu- 
tion of  orders,  that  controlled  results.  It  is 
to  the  brave  men  who  made  the  charges — not 
those  who  directed  them — that  the  country 
is  indebted  chiefly  for  the  manj'  signal  ad- 
vantages, and  the  final  triumph,  over  treason's 
cohorts.  Hence  the  writer's  great  regret  that 
so  little  can  be  done  toward  the  record  so 
eminently  due  to  the  untitled  heroes  of  the 
Union  Army.  It  is  a  source  of  satisfaction, 
however,  that  to  so  large  extent  it  has  been 
found  practicable  now  to  present  the   names 


of  Lucas  County's  "  Enlisted  Men  "  in  that 
patriotic  force ;  the  only  regret  being,  that 
the  list  cannot  be  made  more  complete.  With 
the  imperfect  sources  of  information,  it  is  not 
possible  to  secure  the  names  of  all ;  while  in 
some  cases  those  shown  may  not  be  correctly 
given. 

The  special  reference  here  made  to  the  ser- 
vice of  the  Private  Soldier,  cannot  properly 
be  taken  as  in  any  sense  depreciation  of  the 
qualities  and  record  of  those  placed  in  com- 
mand, whether  from  this  County  or  elsewhere. 
Officers  and  enlisted  men  are  alike  indis- 
jjensable  to  efficient  work  ;  and  both  classes 
in  their  respective  spheres  are  entitled  to 
credit  according  to  the  fidelity  of  their  ac- 
tion. Lucas  County  may  justly  point  with 
pride  to  her  representatives  in  both.  With 
exceptions  very  rare,  they  loyally  and  effi- 
ciently met  duty,  as  the  same  was  made 
known,  and  thus  contributed  to  the  good  rec- 
ord made. 

It  will  be  the  purpose  briefly  to  present  the 
organization  and  service  of  such  Regiments 
and  Companies  as  were  raised  in  or  largely 
contributed  to  from  this  County.  In  doing 
this,  the  most  ready  and  reliable  source  found 
for  information,  is  the  work  of  Whitelaw  Reid 
("  Ohio  in  the  War  "),  which,  though  published 
soon  after  the  close  of  war,  is  yet  recognized 
as  the  mo.st  full  and  correct  presentation  yet 
made  of  the  State's  share  in  the  vindication  of 
American  Nationality.  The  rosters  given  of 
the  several  Regiments  and  Companies,  are  sup- 
plied mainly  from  the  records  in  the  State 
Adjutant-General's  office,  which  are  as  com- 
plete as  the  returns  of  muster-out  rolls  made 
practicable.  Omissions  no  doubt  occur,  as  do 
errors  in  names,  which  are  unavoidable  from 
the  imperfect  data  furnished  by  returning  offi- 
cers, and  the  repeated  copying  of  papers. 
Notwithstanding  these  fticts,  it  is  believed  the 
record  here  given  will  be  found  serviceable  in 
showing  something  of  what  Lucas  County  did 
for  the  "  Union  and  Liberty." 


[126] 


THE  WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— FIELD   WORK. 


127 


POUETEENTH    EBGIMENT    OHIO    VOLUNTEEE    INFANTEY. 


part  is  not  yet  published 


Tlie  official  list  of  battles  in  which  this  Eegiment  bore  an  honorable 
in  orders  of  the  War  Department,  but  the  following  has  been  prepared  after  careful  research: 
IN  three-months'  service.  ~~  '    '        ^ 


Philippi,  W.  Va. 
Laurel  Hill,  W.  Va. 
Carrick's  Ford,  W.  Va. 


June  2,  1861. 
June  7,  1801. 
June  12,  1801. 


IN   THREE-YEARS     SERVICE. 


Wild  Cat,  Ky.  . 
Mill  Springs,  Ky. 
Shiloii,  Tenn.     . 
Corinth,  Miss.  (Siege  of) 


October  21,  1801. 
January  19-20,  1802. 
April  0-7,  1802. 
April  30,  1802. 


First  in  order  of  time,  and  first  in  jh'o- 
portion  of  Lucas  County  recruits,  stands  the 
Fourteenth  Eegiment,  which  was  raised  almost 
wholly  in  the  Toledo  Congressional  District, 
and  veiy  largelj'  in  Toledo  and  vicinity.  In 
less  than  three  da.y8  from  the  President's  call 
for  75,000  men,  this  Eegiment  was  read}'  for  the 
field,  being,  as  believed,  the  first  Eeginient 
accepted  bj*  the  Government.  On  the  25th 
April,  1861,  and  only  12  days  from  the  attack 
on  Fort  Sumpter,  this  command  left  Toledo 
for  Camp  Taylor,  near  Cleveland,  for  comple- 
tion of  organization  and  thorough  drill.  Until 
May  18tli  it  was  a  State  Eegiment,  and  on 
that  day  was  transferred  to  the  General  Gov- 
ernment. May  22d,  it  left  Camp  Taylor  for 
Columbus,  where  it  was  provided  with  arms, 
and  at  once  left  for  the  field,  reaching  Zanes- 
ville  and  Marietta  on  the  23d.  At  the  latter 
place,  it  went  into  Camp  Putnam,  and  re- 
mained there  until  the  27th,  when  it  embarked 
for  Parkersburg,  Virginia,  where  it  first  set 
foot  on  Eebel  soil,  and  without  opposition.  A 
Company  was  double-quicked  along  the  line  of 
the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Eailroad,  the  bridges 
of  which  bad  been  fired  by  retreating  Eebels, 
upon  the  appearance  of  Union  troops.  On  the 
29th  the  Eegiment  advanced  into  Virginia, 
reaching  Clarksburg  on  the  29th,  having  re- 
paired the  Eailroad  to  that  point,  when  trains 
were  put  in  operation  for  bringing  in  supplies. 

June  2d  the  Eegiment  took  rail  for  the  Town 
of  Webster,  whence  it  marched  to  Philippi,  13 
miles,  on  a  dark,  dismal,  rainy  night.  Ar- 
riving at  5  A.  M.,  a  force  of  2,000  Eebel  Cav- 
alry in  camp  were  surprised  by  the  cannonading 
of  the  unexpected  Union  troops.  Owing  to  a 
mistake  which  deprived  the  movement  of  a 
co-operating  force  from  an  opjjosite  direction, 


Hoover's  Gap,  Tenn. 
Chick  AM  AUG  A,  Ga. 
Mission  Ridge,  Tenn. 
Ringgold,  Ga. 
Dalton,  Ga. 
Resaca,  Ga.   . 
Kenesaw  Mountain,  Ga. 
Utoy  Creek,  Ga.  . 
Jonesboro,  Ga.  . 
Goldsboro,  N.  C.   . 


June  27,  1803. 
September  19-20,  1803. 
November  2.5,  1803. 
November  27,  1803. 
May  9,  1804. 
May  13-16,  1804. 
June  9-30,  1864. 
August  5-7,  1804. 
September  1,  1864. 
March  21,  1865. 


it  was  not  as  successful  as  had  been  hoped  for. 
But  the  superior  Eebel  force  were  most 
thoroughly  frightened,  and  at  once,  in  great 
disorder,  took  to  the  bushes  and  hills  for  es- 
cape, leaving  their  clothing  behind.  A  few 
prisoners  and  several  wagon  loads  of  war 
material  were  taken  by  the  invading  force. 

On  the  3d  of  June,  the  Fourteenth,  in  con- 
nection with  the  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth 
Ohio,  the  Sixth  and  Seventh  Indiana,  and  the 
First  Virginia  Intiintrj',  went  into  camp  near 
the  Town  of  Philippi ;  whence  expeditions  were 
sent  in  diiferent  directions  against  guerrilla 
bands.  On  these  marches,  the  men  suffered 
severely  from  excessive  exhaustion  and  lack 
of  essential  supplies — made  the  more  severe 
by  their  entire  lack  of  preparation  for  such 
service.  The.se  expeditions  seemed  to  amount 
to  little,  having  been  induced  by  unwar- 
ranted alarm  and  false  reports  in  regard  to 
Eebel  movements. 

The  Eebels  under  General  Garnett,  began  to 
show  themselves  at  Laurel  Hill,  on  the  7th 
June,  when  works  were  thrown  up  at  Bealing- 
ton  to  repel  their  attacks,  which  soon  followed, 
but  were  promptly  repulsed.  On  the  12th  the 
Eebels  suddenly  retreated,  when  the  Union  force 
moved  out,  the  Fourteenth  Ohio  in  the  lead, 
and  took  possession  of  a  Eebel  fort,  and  rap- 
idlj^  advanced  in  jjursuit.  So  severely  were 
the  Eebels  pushed,  that  they  left  baggage  and 
supplies  of  every  kind  on  the  waj^.  At  Car- 
rick's Ford  they  were  overtaken,  and  com- 
pelled to  make  a  stand.  The  advance  guard 
of  the  Fourteenth  first  reached  them,  when  a 
shower  of  balls  from  the  bluff  above  and  oppo- 
site the  stream,  met  the  advance.  The  Four- 
teenth promptly  responded  in  an  effective 
volley,  and  in  20  minutes,  and  just  as  the  first 


128 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Eegiraent  of  the  main  column  of  the  Union 
force  came  up  for  action,  the  enemy  gave  way 
in  confusion,  throwing  away  whatever  could 
impede  their  retreat.  Among  the  fruits  of 
this  occasion,  were  30  baggage  wagons,  well- 
laden,  three  stands  of  colors  and  250  prisoners 
taken  from  the  Kebels.  The  next  day  the 
Eegiment  started  for  Philippi,  where  it  ar- 
rived on  the  15th  July,  on  the  way  fording 
six  streams,  swollen  by  heavy  rains. 

As  a  sample  of  the  experience  to  which  the 
Fourteenth  was  then  subjected,  it  may  be 
stated,  that  on  Friday  noon,  June  14th,  the 
Kegiment  was  ordered  from  Philippi  toBuck- 
hannon,  20  miles  distant,  over  one  of  the  worst 
roads  in  the  State,  At  Buckhannon  they 
cooked  breakfast,  and  rested  for  two  hours 
only,  when  they  were  ordered  back  to  Phil- 
ippi, and  left  at  11  a.  m.  Saturday,  getting 
into  camp  at  that  place  at  2  A.  M.  Sunday. 
Saturday  was  an  intensely  hot  day,  and  so 
prostrated  were  the  men,  tliat  the  moment 
thev  were  within  camp  they  dropped  on  the 
ground  and  were  soon  all  asleep.  During 
their  return  trip  thej'  had  no  food,  save  a 
single  cracker  apiece.  And  all  this,  because 
a  fleeing  young  Kebel  had  written  from  Bev- 
erly to  his  girl  in  Grafton,  that  Gen  Wise 
was  in  Beverly  at  the  head  of  9,000  Virginia 
troops.  The  girl  showed  the  letter  to  Col.  Der- 
raont,  of  an  Indiana  Regiment,  who  thereupon 
gave  the  order  for  the  march  referred  to. 

At  Laurel  Hill  the  Fourteenth  remained  in 
camp  until  July  22d,  when  its  term  of  en- 
listment having  expired,  it  returned  to  Ohio. 
On  the  way,  it  was  the  object  of  much  atten- 
tion, including  many  expressions  of  kindness. 
At  Toledo,  where  the  Eegiment  arrived  on  the 
25th,  a  meeting  of  citizens  had  made  arrange- 
ments for  a  fitting  reception  ;  but  such  was 
the  throng  in  attendance  and  the  excitement 
of  the  occasion,  that  the  programme  provided 
could  be  but  partially  carried  out.  The  Eegi- 
ment was  received  with  every  manifestation 
of  pride  and  joy.  Not  the  people  of  Toledo 
only,  but  many  persons  from  other  localities 
represented  in  that  command  were  present. 

The  loss  of  the  Eegiment  in  service  con- 
sisted of  the  following:  In  battle,  two — Frank 
Gero  and  Samuel  Mills.  Accidentally  killed, 
two— Captain  Andrew  Crawford  and  Lieuten- 
ant J.  D.  Belknap.  The  circum.stances  of 
Captain  Crawford's  death   were  very  painful. 


While  as  oflScer  of  the  day,  making  the  guard 
rounds  one  dark  night,  passing  through  a  dense 
thicket  he  came  suddenly  upon  a  soldier  on 
duty  as  picket  guard,  who,  greatly  frightened 
bv  such  sudden  appearance,  at  once  fired  at 
the  Captain,  killing  him  instantly.  The  de- 
ceased was  from  Napoleon,  Henry  County, 
where  he  practiced  law,  and  was  much  es- 
teemed. 

Immediately  upon  the  return  of  the  Eegi- 
ment, measures  were  taken  for  the  enlistment 
for  three  years  of  such  of  its  members  as  saw 
fit  to  "  veteranize,"  and  on  the  25th  Septem- 
ber it  again  left  for  the  field,  via  Cincinnati. 
The  day  before  its  departure,  a  picnic  was 
held  at  Camp  Oliver,  out  Cherr^y  Street,  when 
5,000  to  6,000  people  were  on  the  ground,  the 
Soldiers'  tables  being  abundantly  supplied  by 
the  ladies  of  Toledo.  Crossing  the  Ohio  to  Cov- 
ington, Ky.,  it  took  cars  for  Lexington  and 
Frankfort.  On  the  way  the  train  was  as- 
saulted with  stones,  which  broke  windows  and 
injured  a  few  of  the  men.  Two  of  the  offend- 
ers were  arrested,  one  of  which  in  passing 
along  the  streets  of  Frankfort  as  prisoner, 
drew  a  large  knife  across  his  throat,  which 
did  not  pi-ove  fatal.  The  incident  shows 
something  of  the  spirit  of  disloyalty  then  in 
the  South.  From  Frankfort  the  Eegiment 
moved  by  cars  to  Nicholasville,  where  three 
weeks  were  spent  in  drill.  The  next  stop- 
ping place  was  Camp  Dick  Eobiuson,  which 
was  reached  October  2d.  At  this  point,  it  is 
said  a  Eegiment  of  loyal  East  Tennesseeans 
arrived,  but  to  do  so,  the  men  were  compelled 
to  crawl  on  all-fours  through  the  Eebel  lines. 
With  these  were  Andrew  Johnson,  United 
States  Senator,  and  Horace  Maynard,  Con- 
gressman, from  Tennessee,  on  their  way  to 
Washington.  The  former  of  these  spent  some 
time   as  a  guest  of  the  Fourteenth. 

While  the  Eegiment  was  at  Camp  Dick 
Eobinson,  word  came  that  a  Union  force  at 
or  near  Wild  Cat,  a  desolate  locality  some 
00  miles  to  the  Southward,  were  surrounded 
by  Eebels.  With  Barnet's  First  Ohio  Artil- 
lery, the  Fourteenth  started  for  that  point,  on 
forced  march,  through  mud  and  rain,  ar- 
riving at  9  A.  M.  October  21st.  Approaching 
thej^  heard  the  sound  of  artillery  and  mus- 
ketry, when  amid  great  excitement  they 
rushed  to  the  point  of  attack.  It  was  found 
that  five    Companies  of  the  Thirtj- Third    In- 


TEE   WAR   OF  THE  REBELLION— FIELD   WORK. 


129 


diana,  on  a  wild  knoll,  were  almost  surrounded 
by  Eebels.  Under  covei*  of  a  brisk  fire  by 
Barnet's  Battery  two  Companies  of  the  Four- 
teenth, with  shovels  and  picks,  crawled 
through  the  bushes  over  a  ravine,  to  the  knob 
which  they  soon  fortified  so  effectual!}',  that 
the  enemy  abandoned  the  siege,  and  retreated 
toward  London,  Ky.,  leaving  about  30  of  liill- 
ed  and  wounded.  The  Union  forces  pursued 
the  Eebels,  who  were  commanded  by  General 
ZoUicotfer,  a  prominent  politician  of  Kentucky, 
to  a  point  near  London,  where  the  Union 
ti'oops  went  into  camp  for  two  weeks,  when 
they  proceeded  to  Lebanon,  via  Crab  Orchard 
and  Lebanon,  and  there  went  into  winter 
quarters. 

December  31st  the  Camp  at  Lebanon  was 
broken  up  and  the  march  resumed,  taking  the 
route  toward  Somerset  or  Mill  SjDrings.  Zol- 
licoffer's  force  was  met  at  Logan's  Cross-Eoads 
and  defeated,  in  which  action  but  one  Company 
(C,  Captain  J.  W.  Brown  of  Toledo)  partici- 
pated. The  Union  troops  pursued  the  Eebels, 
and  drove  them  into  their  fortifications  at  Mill 
Springs.  The  night  of  January  19th  was 
spent  in  cannonading  the  enemy's  works,  pre- 
paratory to  the  assault  whicli  followed  early 
the  next  morning,  whereby  the  Eebels  were 
overwhelmed,  with  the  loss  of  one  Eegiment 
captured,  20  pieces  of  Artillery,  and  their  en- 
tire camp  equipage.  The  main  body  of  tlie 
enemy  escaped  across  the  Cumberland  Eiver, 
burning  their  Steamer  as  they  left.  The  Four- 
teenth led  the  assault  on  the  Eebel  works,  and 
was  the  first  to  enter ;  as  it  also  led  in  the 
pursuit  of  the  flying  enemy.  This  movement 
was  among  the  most  important,  as  it  was 
among  the  most  brilliant  of  the  War  to  that 
period  ;  and  as  such  it  did  much  toward  bring- 
ing the  Fourteenth  Ohio  into  honorable  recog- 
nition. 

The  Union  forces  remained  at  Mill  Springs 
till  February  11th ;  when,  with  five  days' 
rations,  the  line  of  march  was  resumed  for 
Louisville,  where  they  arrived  on  the  26th. 
Thence,  with  20,000  other  troops,  it  left  by 
steamer  for  Nashville,  which  was  reached 
March  4th.  Here  they  remained  until  the 
20th,  the  meantime  being  employed  in  build- 
ing fortifications,  and  perfecting  the  drill  of 
the  men.  At  the  date  named,  with  General 
Buell  as  Commander,  they  left  for  the  relief 
of  Grant  at   Pittsburg  Landing,  where   they 


arrived  April  7th.  A  portion  of  the  com- 
mand participated  in  the  desperate  fight 
which  turned  the  tide  against  the  enemy;  but 
the  Fourteenth  was  not  there  in  time  to  take 
part  in  the  battle,  much  to  the  disappoint- 
ment of  officers  and  men. 

The  Eegiment  started  on  the  niglit  of  the 
12th  April  on  an  expedition  to  Chickasaw 
Landing,  near  which  five  bridges  were  de- 
stroyed, amid  severe  skirmishes,  whereby 
the  enemy  failed  of  expected  re-enforcements. 
Thence  the  Eegiment  returned  by  steamer  to 
Pittsburg  Landing.  On  board  was  General 
W.  T.  Sherman,  who  publicly  thanked  the 
men  for  the  service  they  had  rendered.  Ee- 
joining  its  Brigade,  the  Fourteenth  consti- 
tuted a  jjortion  of  the  large  command  under 
General  Buell,  on  its  march  to  Corinth.  The 
only  death  in  the  Eegiment  during  the  siege, 
was  that  of  Frank  Callern,  Fifer,  of  heart 
disease. 

June  23,  1862,  the  Fourteenth,  with  other 
troops,  was  sent  to  luka,  Mississippi,  whence 
it  marched  to  Tuscumbia,  Alabama.  After 
the  performance  of  different  kinds  of  service 
in  that  vicinity,  it  took  the  line  of  march 
toward  Nashville,  Tennessee.  On  the  way, 
and  near  Waynesburg,  Tennessee,  General 
Eobert  L.  McCook  was  murdered  by  guer- 
rillas. September  7th  Nashville  was  reached. 
On  the  14th  marching  orders  for  Bowling 
Green,  Kentucky,  were  received,  the  ob- 
ject being  the  pursuit  of  Bragg's  Eebel  com- 
mand, then  moving  on  Louisville,  which  point 
was  reached  on  the  26th.  On  this  march  the 
Fourteenth  was  under  command  of  Major 
Paul  Edwards,  Colonel  Steedman  having  been 
assigned  to  General  E.  L.  McCook's  late  com- 
mand, and  Lieutenant  Colonel  Este  being 
absent  on  furlough.  This  march,  owing  to 
exti'eme  heat  and  dry  and  dusty  roads,  was 
vei'y  severe  on  the  men. 

October  1,  1862,  General  Buell's  Arm}- 
left  Louisville,  in  pursuit  of  Bragg,  the  Four- 
teenth being  in  the  advance.  Bardstown  was 
reached  on  the  3d.  On  the  0th  the  Brigade 
was  detailed  as  headquarters  and  ammunition 
train-guard,  and  they  were  permitted  to  take 
part  in  the  battle  of  Perryville  on  that  day. 
Continuing  the  pursuit  of  Bragg,  Buell 
marched  through  Danville  and  Crab  Or- 
chard, where  the  movement  was  abandoned, 
and    the    forces    turned    their    faces    toward 


no 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Nashville.  At  Gallatin  the  Brigade,  em- 
bracing the  Fourteenth,  went  into  winter 
quarters  November  15th.  While  there  the 
Regiment  was  repeatedly  detailed  for  scout- 
ing duty  against  guerrilla  (John  Morgan's) 
Cavalry,  with  which  several  skirmishes  were 
had,  involving  the  loss  of  some  men.  Morgan 
was  badly  whipped  at  EoUing  Fork,  whereby 
a  raid  on  Louisville  was  believed  to  have  been 
prevented.  January  13,  1863,  the  Regi- 
ment left  Gallatin  and  arrived  at  Louisville 
the  15th.  On  the  17th  the  Regiment  marched 
for  Murfreesboro,  as  guard  to  an  ammunition 
train,  and  returned  to  Lavergne,  where  the 
Brigade  was  engaged  in  fortifying  against 
the  enemy. 

June  3,  1863,  the  Fourteenth  and  Brigade 
left  Lavergne  for  Triune,  Tennessee,  as  a 
portion  of  General  Eosecrans'  advance  on 
Tullahoma  and  Chattanooga.  Twenty  days 
were  consumed  at  Triune  in  rigid  drill,  while 
awaiting  the  arrival  of  necessary  supplies. 
Hoover's  Gap  Avas  reached  on  the  night  of  June 
26th,  where  the  Brigade  participated  in  a  brisk 
engagement,  losing  30  men  in  killed  and 
wounded.  On  the  28th  the  vicinity  of  Tul- 
lahoma was  reached.  That  night  Captain 
Neubert's  picket  detail  of  the  Fourteenth 
drove  in  the  enemj^'s  line  of  pickets,  whereby 
he  was  enabled  to  get  so  near  the  Town  as  to 
discover  that  the  enemy  were  evacuating  the 
place,  which  information  led  to  the  advance 
of  the  Union  force  early  the  next  morning. 
Elk  River  was  crossed  with  great  difficulty, 
that  stream  being  quite  deep,  with  a  swift 
current,  causing  the  drowning  of  several  men. 
The  command  reached  Sequatchie  Valley, 
near  Sweden  Cove,  August  18th.  On  the 
31st  the  Army  crossed  the  Tennessee  River 
by  means  of  rafts,  pontoons  not  being  at  hand. 
On  the  19th  the  enemy  were  discovered  in 
force  on  Chickamauga  Creek,  when  the 
Fourteenth,  under  Lieutenant  Colonel  Kings- 
bury, was  immediately  deployed  in  line  of 
battle,  and  were  in  hot  and  close  contest  with 
the  enemy  from  9  a.  m.  until  4  P.  m.,  when, 
being  relieved  it  replenished  its  ammunition 
and  again  entered  the  fight,  which  was  con- 
tinued until  sundown.  All  this  with  the  men 
badly  exhausted  by  the  arduous  march  they 
had  just  made,  but  they  were  ready  and 
cheerful  in  duty,  despite  such  untoward  con- 
dition.    The    following    morning  at  9  o'clock, 


the  Regiment  had  a  desperate  encounter  with 
a  portion  of  Longstreet's  Rebel  Division.  In 
consequence  of  a  gap  in  General  Thomas's 
line,  the  whole  Union  force  was  compelled  to 
fall  back  to  avoid  severe  defeat.  It  stopped  at 
Rossville. 

September  21,  1863,  the  Fourteenth  with 
its  Brigade  and  Division,  was  all  day  in  line 
of  battle,  but  were  again  forced  to  fall  back 
near  to  Chattanooga,  the  enemy  closely  fol- 
lowinir.  The  Regiment  went  into  battle  with 
499  men,  of  which  it  lost  233  killed,  wounded 
and  missing — 14  enlisted  men  being  captured 
by  the  enemy.  Of  14  officers  in  the  engage- 
ment eight  were  severely  wounded,  including 
Captains  Albert  Moore,  Company  A ;  H.  W. 
Bigelow,  Company  I ;  Dan  Pomeroy,  Com- 
pany D;  W.  B.  Pugh,  Company  H  ;  J.  J. 
Clarke,  Company  C  ;  and  Lieutenant  James 
E.  McBride,  Company  F.  Colonel  Croxton,  of 
Tenth  Kentucky,  commanding  the  Brigade, 
was  severely  wounded. 

During  the  ensuing  beleaguerment  at  Chat- 
tanooga, a  detail  of  100  men  of  the  Fourteenth, 
under  Captain  Neubert,  was  sent  to  Steven- 
son, Alabama,  to  procure  rations,  cro.ssing  the 
rugged  mountains  for  such  pui'pose.  The 
force  set  out  on  a  march  of  11  days  with  but 
one  day's  rations.  The  service  was  very  se- 
vere, and  after  subsisting  on  j^arched  corn, 
leaving  more  than  half  their  wagons  and  20 
dead  mules  on  the  road,  the  detail  reached 
Stevenson.  Ten  of  the  60  wagons  with  which 
they  started  out,  were  loaded  with  "  hard- 
tack," and  the  return  journey  commenced. 
November  9th,  and  at  the  end  of  25  days' 
absence,  the  detail  reached  Chattanooga, 
where  its  precious  supplies  were  gladly  wel- 
comed   by   their   famished   comrades. 

The  Fourteenth  bore  a  gallant  part  in  the 
memorable  assault  on  Mission  Ridge,  charging 
a  Rebel  Batterj'  of  three  guns,  under  personal 
direction  of  General  Hardee,  losing  16  killed, 
91  wounded,  and  three  missing. 

The  Union  forces  started  November  26, 
1863,  in  pursuit  of  the  Rebel  Army  toward 
Ringgold,  where  the  enemy  made  a  stand. 
General  Hooker's  forces,  being  in  advance, 
made  a  charge  on  the  Rebels,  but  were  re- 
pulsed. The  Fourteenth  Corps  then  came  up 
and  forming  in  line  of  battle,  chai'ged  the 
Rebel  position ;  but  the  enemy  had  fled  toward 
Buzzard's     Roost.     The    Fourteenth  Ohio   on 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD   WORK. 


131 


I 


the  29th  November,  returned  to  Chattanooga, 
where  it  was  reviewed  by  General  Grant 
December  1,    1863. 

The  Three- Years'  enlistment  of  the  Four- 
teenth having  expired,  all  but  30  eligible  men 
of  the  Eegiment  re-enlisted  for  a  second  like 
term  on  the  17th  December,  1803.  Christmas- 
day  was  spent  most  actively  in  mustering  in 
the  men,  and  by  hard  work  the  rolls  were 
completed  that  night.  The  Eegiment  left  for 
Bridgeport  on  the  31st  December,  where  it 
took  cars  for  Nashville,  arriving  there  Janu- 
ary 2,  1864.  This  trip  was  made  during  the 
extraordinarily  sudden  and  extreme  change  in 
the  temperature  on  the  night  of  the  Slst  De- 
cember, which,  though  most  severe  at  the 
North,  was  not  there  near  as  distressing  as  at 
the  South,  and  especially  with  the  soldiers  un- 
provided with  requisite  clothing.  On  the  trip 
to  Nashville  the  feet  of  several  colored  ser- 
vants belonging  to  the  Eegiment  were  so  badly 
frozen  as  to  require  amputation. 

From  Nashville  the  Fourteenth,  by  cars, 
went  to  Louisville,  and  thence  by  boat  to  Cin- 
cinnati, arriving  there  January  4th.  From 
that  city  it  came  to  Toledo,  arriving  there 
January  5th.  It  was  met  at  the  Eailway  depot 
by  a  large  concourse  of  citizens,  and  wel- 
comed home  in  a  speech  by  M.  E.  Waite,  Esq., 
when  they  marched  down  Summit  street  to 
Adams,  whence  they  returned  to  the  Island 
House  for  dinner.  The  field  officers  at  that 
time  were:  George  P.  Este,  Colonel;  H.  D. 
King.sbury,  Lieutenant-Colonel  ;  J.  W.  Wil- 
son, Major;  Joseph  B.  Newton,  Adjutant; 
Dr.  George  E.  Sloat,  Surgeon  ;  Dr.  Charles  A. 
Ames,  Assistant  Surgeon  ;  John  W.  Beecher, 
Quartermaster;  Quartermaster's  Sergeant,  A. 
J.  Morse;  Commissary  Sergeant,  David  Bow- 
ker;  Musicians,  Nathaniel  G.  Pierce  and 
Henry  Weitzel.  The  Eegiment  left  110 
wounded  and  38  sick  in  hospital  at  Chat- 
tanooga, Nashville,  Louisville  and  Cin- 
cinnati. Sixty-six  members  did  not  re-enlist ; 
out  of  these  24  were  rejected,  largely  from 
disabilities  arising  from  wounds.  Every 
wounded  man  having  an  opportunity,  re- 
enlisted. 

The  ofiScers  and  privates  of  the  Fourteenth 
Ohio  in  December,  1864,  contributed  the  sum  of 
$210  for  the  benefit  of  the  family  of  Private 
Peter  W.  Disbrow,  Co.  C,  of  that  Eegiment, 
who  was  killed  in  the  trenches  near  Atlanta, 


August   7th.      Captain    H.    G.    Neubert   for- 
warded the  amount  to  the  widow. 

At  the  expiration  of  its  30-days'  furlough, 
the  Fourteenth  left  Toledo  (February  6, 
1864)  for  Cleveland,  and  there  went  into 
camp,  remaining  about  a  week,  when  it  started 
for  Cincinnati  and  the  field,  reaching  Nash- 
ville February  23d,  and  Chattanooga  the  29th. 
March  5th  the  Eegiment  moved  to  Einggold, 
where  it  had  severe  duty — the  construction  of 
corduroy  roads,  pickets,  outposts,  etc.,  between 
that  place  and  Chattanooga.  May  9th,  with 
its  Brigade,  it  moved  on  Dalton,  driving  the 
enemy's  videttes  to  the  vicinity  of  Tunnel 
Hill,  where  the  enemy  in  force  was  encoun- 
tered. Here  began  the  protracted  and  ex- 
hausting march  of  the  Union  forces  for  At- 
lanta, in  which  the  Fourteenth  bore  its  full 
share  of  fatigue  and  privation,  as  well  as  of 
frequent  and  severe  skirmishing.  It  lost  heav- 
ily in  both  oificers  and  men.  At  Atlanta  the 
Eegiment  lest  20  men  in  killed  and  wounded. 

August  26,  1864,  commenced  a  flanking 
movement  in  the  direction  of  Jonesboro, 
which  reached  the  Atlanta  and  Western  Eail- 
road,  five  miles  from  that  point,  on  the  31st, 
where  200  prisoners  were  captured.  The  next 
day  the  Third  Division  of  the  Fourteenth 
Army  Corps,  in  which  was  brigaded  the  Four- 
teenth, continued  the  advance,  destroying  the 
railroad  track  as  it  progressed.  At  4.30  p.  m.  the 
Third  Division  (General  Baird  in  command) 
confronted  the  enemy's  works  about  Jones- 
boro. Third  Brigade,  in  command  of  Colonel 
Este,  of  the  Fourteenth  Ohio,  was  drawn  up 
iu  immediate  rear  of  a  regular  Brigade  of 
General  Carlin's  Division,  which  had  just  made 
an  unsuccessful  charge  on  the  Eebel  works  in 
the  edge  of  the  woods  on  the  opposite  side  of 
a  large  cornfield.  Colonel  Este's  Brigade  (em- 
bracing the  Fourteenth  and  Thirty-Eighth 
Ohio,  Tenth  Kentucky  and  Seventy-Fourth  In- 
diana) was  read  J-  for  action,  when  its  com- 
mander gave  the  order,  "  Battalions  forward  ! 
Guide  center  I  "  General  Baii-d  at  the  same  time 
waving  his  hand  for  the  "  forward."  Amid 
an  intense  shower  of  rebel  balls  the  lines 
moved  forward.  Soon  a  batterj'  of  grape  and 
cannister  opened,  but  the  Brigade  did  not 
he.sitate.  The  edge  of  the  timber  was  gained, 
when,  amid  cheers  and  yells,  the  charge  was 
made,  the  enemy's  works  gained,  and  a  hand- 
to-hand  conflict  ensued.     The  Eebel   force  (of 


132 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


General  Pat  (Ucburne's  Division)  contested  the 
ground  inch  by  inch,  and  surrendered  only 
after  many  had  been  killed  in  the  desperate 
tight.  The  Fourteenth  took  as  many  prisoners 
as  its  own  force  numbered,  together  with  a 
battery  of  four  guns,  several  stands  of  colors 
and  two  lines  of  trenches  full  of  men.  This 
substantial  success  was  not  won  except  at 
heavy  cost.  The  Third  Brigade  lo.st  one-third 
of  its  number.  In  the  ranks  of  the  Four- 
teenth Ohio  were  100  brave  men  whose  terra 
of  enlistment  had  expired,  but  who  willingly 
volunteered  for  the  desperate  struggle  in  which 
some  of  them  gave  up  their  lives  for  their 
country.  Stronger  or  nobler  proof  of  patriot- 
ism or  heroism  could  not  be  furnished.  The 
names  of  men  capable  of  such  patriotic  devo- 
tion should  not  be  forgotten. 

The  Third  Brigade  did  not  join  in  the  pur- 
suit of  the  enemy  from  Jonesboro.  The  Four- 
teenth Ohio  followed  in  pursuit  of  Hood's 
troops,  on  their  advance  into  Tennessee,  as  far 
as  Rome,  Ga.,  when,  the  chase  being  aban- 
doned, the  Brigade  returned  to  Kingston,  Ga., 
on  the  6th  November.  Joining  Gen.  Sher- 
man's forces  at  Atlanta,  the  Regiment  partici- 
pated in  the  "  March  to  the  Sea,"  and  through 
the  Carolinas  to  Goldsboro  and  Raleigh. 

At  Raleigh  was  promulgated  to  the  Union 
forces  the  glorious  news  of  the  surrender  of 
Lee  and  the  Rebel  Army  near  Eichmond,  as- 
suring the  collapse  of  the  Rebellion.  Soon 
came  like  tidings  of  General  Johnston.  Noth- 
ing more  being  left  of  field  service,  the  Four- 
teenth and  its  heroic  associates  started  for 
Washington,  where  it  joined  the  Grand  Armies 
of  the  Union  in  the  review  before  the  Presi- 
dent and  his  Cabinet. 

June  15,  1865,  the  Fourteenth  Ohio  left 
Washington  by  rail  for  Parkersburg,  Va.,  ar- 
riving there  the  18th.  Thence  by  boats  it 
proceeded  to  Louisville,  Ky.,  where  it  was  in 
camp  until  July  11th,  when,  having  been  mus- 
tered out,  it  left  for  home,  reaching  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  July  14,  1865. 

At  Cleveland  the  Eegiment  was  received 
with  special  manifestations  of  enthusia.sm. 
Arriving  at  the  Park,  a  welcoming  address 
was  delivered  in  behalf  of  the  citizens  by  Eev. 
Dr.    Goodrich,     of    the     First    Presbyterian 


Church,  in   the  course  of  which  the  eloquent 
sjjeaker  said  : 

We  bless  the  day  which  has  brought  you  home. 
The  country  now  needs  just  such  citizens  as  you 
have  been  soldiers.  We  know  your  .services,  how  in 
the  very  dawn  of  the  conflict  you  won  an  honorable 
name,  and  in  the  first  campaign  in  West  Virginia 
struck  blows  which  forever  after  kept  back  from  our 
own  borders  the  invading  hosts. 

We  remember  Carrick's  Ford,  where  the  day  was 
won  by  a  single  charge  of  the  Fourteenth  Ohio,  and 
we  know  the  long  course  of  toil  and  conflict  and  vic- 
tory in  which  you  have  borne  your  part  with  the 
bravest,  and  whose  record  is  on  your  banners.  And 
we  remember  that  it  was  because  you  thus  stood  in 
the  brunt  of  battle  that  we  have  dwelt  in  undis- 
turbed security,  and  possess  all  these  liberties  un- 
touched. We  have  lain  down  in  peace  and  slept  be- 
cause you  were  resting  only  on  your  arms,  or  pacing 
the  weary  round  of  the  sentinel.  We  have  gathered 
in  these  sanctuaries  on  the  Sabbath  and  enjoyed  the 
consolations  of  a  Christian  worship,  because  you, 
knowing  no  day  of  rest,  have  marched  or  fought  or 
waited  the  assault,  a«  the  God  of  Hosts  appointed 
to  you.  All  these  peaceful  industries  have  been  ours  ; 
these  schools,  these  courts  of  law,  unbroken  in  their 
course  of  usefulness,  because  you  stood  a  serried 
rampart  between  us  and  anarchy. 

This  has  been  your  glorious  work,  and  for  it  all  we 
give  )'ou  this  day  our  public  tribute  of  gratitude.  In 
old  Rome,  when  peril  came  to  the  Commonwealth, 
the  resort  was  always  to  a  Dictator.  One  man,  the 
strongest  and  ablest,  was  found,  and  to  him  it  was 
given  solemnly  in  charge  that  the  Republic  should 
receive  no  detriment.  But  we  are  not  saved  by  one 
man.  Our  hope  in  the  great  emergency  did  not, 
would  not,  turn  to  any  single  soul,  however  great. 
It  was  to  you  we  looked  to  save  the  Nation.  To  you, 
the  volunteers  of  our  Army,  who  .stood  forth,  the 
laud  over,  to  defend  the  country,  to  all  of  you  we  gave 
the  Republic  in  keeping.  And  your  work  is  done — 
a  greater  work  than  you  or  we  yet  know.  Genera- 
tions must  pass  before  the  true  history  of  this  war  can 
l)e  written,  or  the  worth  of  your  labor  reckoned  up. 

In  the  name  of  your  fellow-citizens,  I  thank  you 
and  bid  you  welcome.  As  a  llinister  of  Religion,  I 
thank  you  for  your  defense  of  Christian  justice,  and 
your  maintenance  of  Christian  institutions.  God  be 
with  you  evermore.     God  bless  you  all. 

The  Regiment  was  paid  off  at  Cleveland  and 
disbanded,  a  largo  portion  of  its  members 
i-eaching  Toledo  July  2l8t.  Although  no  for- 
mal demonstration  was  made  on  the  occasion, 
the  veterans  were  received  amid  warm  ex- 
pressions of  admiration  and  thanksgiving  by 
their  families  and  citizens  generally. 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— FIELD  WORK. 


133 


ROSTER    THREE    MONTHS'    SERVICE. 


FIELD  AND   STAFF   OFFICERS. 


James  B.  Steedman, 
George  P.  Este, 
Paul  Edwards, 
Edwin  D.  Bradley,     . 
Henry  D.  Kingsbury, 
Marshall  Davis, 
James  McDemiller, 
Israel  A.  Coons, 
Waldo  C.  Daniels, 


Colonel. 

.     Lieut.-Colonel. 

Major. 

Adjutant. 

(Quartermaster. 

t^uartermaster  Sergeant. 

Principal  Musician. 

Surgeon. 

Surgeon's  Mate. 


COMPANY  A. 

S.  Backus Moe,  Captain  ;  Wilbur F.  Stopford,  Lieut.; 
Frank  N.  Marion,  Ensign  ;  Newton  J.  Doolittle,  1st 
Sergeant;  Jas.  H.  Boggis,  2d  Sergeant;  Josiah  W. 
White,  3d  Sergeant ;  Robt.  F.  Just,  -itli  Sergeant ;  Ed- 
mond  Paine,  1st  Corporal ;  Henry  Roenier,  2d  Corpo- 
ral ;  Alpheus  R.  Rogers,  3d  Corporal ;  Benj.  F.  Card, 
4th  Corporal ;  Samuel  H.  Anderson,  Drummer;  Ar- 
thur L.  Callard,  Fiter. 

COMPANY    B. 

Louis  Von  Blessingh,  Captain;  Jolin  A.  ('base,  1st 
Lieutenant;  Wm.  Schultz,  2d  Lieutenant;  Louis 
Koeppei,  1st  Sergeant;  Henr)'  Seignier,  2d  Sergeant; 
Phillip  Breidt,  3d  Sergeant;  Ithamer  Smith,  4th  Ser- 
geant; Solon  Haughton,  1st  Corporal ;  Caspar  Peters, 
2d  Corporal ;  Anton  Kraft,  3d  Corporal ;  Frank  M. 
Fleck,  4th  Corporal ;  Gottfried  Milverstedt,  Drum- 
mer :  Henry  J.  Hermance,  Fifer. 

COMPANY  c. 

Benjamin  H.  Fisher,  Captain;  Edwin  . I.  Evans,  1st 
Lieutenant;  Edgar  M.  Deucher,  2d  Lieutenant; 
Charles  Greenwood,  1st  Sergeant ;  James  H.  Queen, 
2d  Sergeant ;  Henry  Reichelderfer,  3d  Sergeant ;  Jas. 
H.  Long,  4th  Sergeant ;  Samuel  Hausey,  1st  Corporal; 
Benjamin  F.  Conrad,  2d  Corporal ;  Charles  Mallory, 
3d  Corporal ;  Henry  Marshall,  4th  Corporal;  John 
W.  Bowlin,  Fifer. 

COMPANY    D. 

Sidney  I.  Sprague,  Captain;  William  Irving,  1st 
Lieutenant ;  Charles  Kahlo,  2d  Lieutenant ;  Ransom 
P.  Osborn,  1st  Sergeant ;  WMlliam  N.  Rogers,  2d 
Sergeant;  David  A.  Gleason,  3d  Sergeant;  Elijah 
Karnes,  4th  Sergeant;  Demetrous  L.  Bell,  1st  Corpo- 
ral; Amiel  Peachin,  2d  Corporal;  Jeremiah  Hall,  3d 
Corporal;  Lewis  Cohlman,  4th  Corporal;  Christian 
M.  Graham,  Drummer;  John  W.  Wilson,  Fifer. 

COMPANY   E. 

Amon  C.  Bradley,  Captain ;  David  S.  Talerdy,  1st 
Lieutenant;     Orrin    G.    Dough  ton,   2d   Lieutenant; 


Henry  Rust,  1st  Sergeant;  Sanders  M.  Huyck,  2d 
Sergeant ;  Oscar  Mott,  3d  Sergeant ;  Samuel  Donald- 
son, 4th  Sergeant ;  John  Rogers.  1st  Corporal ;  An- 
drew W.  Grice,  2d  Corporal ;  Aquilla  Coonrad,  3d 
Corporal ;  James  L.  Ashcrof,  4th  Corporal;  Israel  E. 
Kintigh,  Drummer;  Daniel  Uidenour,  Fifer. 

COMPANY    F. 

Enoch  Mann,  Captain ;  Samuel  Poraeroy,  Lieu- 
tenant;  Lay  W.  Richardson,  1st  Sergeant;  Samuel 
Homan,  2d  Sergeant ;  David  H.  Perrin,  3d  Sergeant ; 
Washington  W.  Bowen,  4th  Sergeant;  Benjamin  S. 
Pender,  1st  Corporal ;  Thaddeus  Lemmert,  2d  Corpo- 
ral ;  Remus  Howard,  3d  Corporal ;  William  Brownell, 
4th  Corporal;  George  D.  Steedman,  Drummer; 
William  S.  Pdtts,  Fifer. 

COMPANY    C. 

John  S.  Snook,  Captain;  Alfred  M.  Russel,  1st 
Lieutenant;  John  Crosson,  2d  Lieutenant;  Patrick 
H.  Mooney,  1st  Sergeant;  Dennison  S.  Hughs,  2d 
Sergeant ;  Elijah  Luvart,  3d  Sergeant ;  William  C. 
Haukins,  4th  Sergeant;  Samuel  G.  Robinson,  1st 
Corporal ;  Joseph  S.  S.  Champion,  2d  Corporal ; 
Henry  B.  Ferguson,  3d  Corporal ;  David  Ankney,  4th 
Corporal ;  William  Cuddy,  Drummer. 

COMPANY     H. 

Ephras  L.  Barber,  Captain  ;  Thomas  I\I.  Ward,  1st 
Lieut.;  Reason  A.  Franks,  2d  Lieut.;  Hiram  Mc- 
Clutchie,  1st  Sergeant ;  Jacob  Bartlett,  2d  Sergeant  ; 
Erastus  W.  Briggs,  3d  Sergeant;  Enmiet  Losure,  4th 
Sergeant ;  Worling  R.  Leggett,  1st  Corporal ;  Albert 
R.  Stranahan,  2d  Corporal ;  Emanuel  B.  Cantlebury, 
3d  Corporal ;  Samuel  Hartley,  4th  Corporal ;  Ithamer 
Culbertson,  Drummer;  John  B.  ]\Iikesell,  Fifer. 

COMPANY  I. 

Caleb  Dodd,  Captain ;  Dennis  C.  Lehan,  1st  Lieut.; 
James  Marston,  2d  Lieut.;  Reuben  Hall,  1st  Sergeant; 
Paris  H.  Pray,  2<1  Sergeant ;  James  H.  Cooper,  3d 
Sergeant ;  Sedgwick  Rathljurn,  4th  Sergeant ;  Alfred 
R.  Hill,  1st  Corporal ;  Joseph  Hain,  2d  Corporal ; 
John  Reston,  3d  Corporal ;  James  Carroll,  4th  Cor- 
poral ;  Charles  N.  Brewster,  Drum  ^lajor ;  Joseph 
Hutchinson,  Filer. 

COMPANY     K. 

George  W.  Kirk,  Captain  ;  John  F.  Wallace,  1st 
Lieut.;  Samuel  Sherman,  2d  Lieut.;  William  Griffin, 
1st  Sergeant ;  Franklin  Warner,  2d  Sergeant ;  Edward 
S.  Dodd,  3d  Sergeant ;  George  W.  Harding,  1st  Cor- 
poral; Augustus  Shaminfell,  2d  Corporal;  Ebenezer 
Tillottson,  3d  Corporal ;  Julius  Hipel,  4th  Corporal ; 
Andrew  Marshall,  Drummer  ;  Walter  P..  Kirk,  Fifer. 


Key  to  Abbreviations.— jldj/.— Adjutant.  A.  Q.  if.— Acting  Quartermaster.  .4s.— Assigned.  A.  Swr^.— Assistant  Surgeon. 
Briff. —Brigadier.  Co.— Company,  or  County.  CT/.— Certificate.  Col. — Colonel.  Corp.  or  Cp!.— Corporal.  Capt. — Captain.  Chap.— 
Chaplain.  Cap —Captured.  Cfti'cit.- Battle  of  Chickamaugn.  />.— Died.  Disc —Discharged.  />jsa.— Disabled,  or  Disability.  Exp. 
term — Expiration  of  term  of  service.  Frajik. — Battle  of  Franklin.  Hos. — Hospital.  Jones. — Battle  of  Jonesboro.  A' — Killed.  L^  or 
Lieut. — Lieutenant.  M.  0.— Mustered  out.  M.  0.  Cu. — Mustered  out  with  company.  if«s.— Musician.  A'as/i. — Battle  of  Nashville. 
Pro.- Promoted.  Pi'te.— Private.  Q.  Jf.— Quartermaster.  E.  Q.  if.— Regimental  Quartermaster.  E.  to  JJ.— Reduced  to  ranks. 
Surg. — Surgeon.    Sgt.  or  Serg(.— Sergeant.    IV.  or  Traw.— Transferred.     Fc(.— Veteran. 


134 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ROSTER    THREE    YEARS'    SERVICE. 


Names, 


Kdiik. 


James  B.  Steedman Colonel.  I  43 

lieorfie  P.  Este !         "  31 

Paul  Kihvanls Lt.  t'ol.  38 

Henry  l>.  Kingsbury "  42 


Albert  Moore 

John  W.  Wilson. 


Waldo  ('.  Daniels 

George  E.  Sloat 

E.  King  Na.'ih 

Charlfs  D.  .Vnies 

Charles  .M.  Eaton 

Thomas  J.  Cronise . 

Edwin  B.  Raffensperger. 

Horatio  L.  Sargent 

Seth  B.  Moe 

Joseph  B.  Newton 


Andrew  J.  Morse  . 
John  E.  Teal 


Major. 

Surgeon. 

Asst.  Surg. 

Chaplain. 
Adjutant. 


Daniel  H.  Nye. 
John  Dixon  __ . 
Ezra  B.  Kirk  ._ 


William  T.  Bennett  _ 


Marshall  Davis 

Charles  B.  Mitchell . 
Jesse  Thrapp 


Livingston  E.  Beaidsley. 

Horace  M.  Parmelee 

Saunders  M.  Huyck 

George  W.  Westerman._ 

Smith  Cadwalader 

William  A.  Tanner 

James  Bloom 

Chauncey  M.  Reynolds. 

David  K.  Bowker 

Isaac  J.  Bogart 

William  P.  Elwell 


R.  Q.  M. 


Sergt.  Maj. 


Q.  M.  S. 


Elijah  W.  Greene 

James  B.  Smith 

Warren  S.  Johnson 

Stephen  H.  Anderson. 

Henry  Wetzell 

Andrew  Jackson 


Com.  Ser. 


Nathaniel  G.  Pierce... 

Christian  Milverstedt . 

James  D.  McMiller 

Isaac  Lamb 


Hos.  St'd. 


Prin.  Mus. 


Leader. 
Musician. 


33 

27 

20 
37 
34 


30 

18 

34 
40 
31 

20 

25 
22 

24 

21 

27 
35 
30 

21 

19 

50 

18 

22 

33 

22 

35 
39 


Bate  o_f 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Remarks. 


Aug.  16, 1861 
Aug.  16, 1861 
Aug.  16, 1861 
Aug.  17,  1861 

Aug.  16, 1861 
Aug.  21, 1861 

Aug.  16, 1861 
Sept.  9,  18(;i 
April  10,1863 
Dec.  30,  1862 
Aug.  21, 1862 
Julv  30,  1864 
Sept.  17, 1861 
Mav  28,  18(i4 
Aug.  21,1861 
Aug.  21, 1861 


Aug.  28, 1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 

Aug.  21, 1861 
Aug.  25, 1861 
Aug.  15, 1861 

Aug.  21, 1861 

Aug.  21, 1861 
Sept.  5,  1S()1 
Sept.  5,  1861 

Aug.  18, 1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 
Nov.  1,  1861 
Aug.  28, 1861 

Sept.  4,  1861 

Aug.  26, 1861 

Aug.  21, 1861 

Sept.  6,  1861 

Sept.  4,  1861 

Aug.  25, 1861 

Aug.  25, 1861 

Aug.  25, 1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 
Mar.  1,  1862 
Aug.  26, 1861 

Aug.  26, 1861 

Sept.  1,  1861 
Sept.  12, 1861 
Sept.  12, 1861 


Promoted  to  Brig. -General  July  16,  1862. 


Pro.  from  Lt.-Col.  July,  1862 


o.  Julv,  1865. 


Pro.  from  Major  July  17,  '62  ;  res.  Nov.  '62. 

Pro.  from  Capt.  co.  A  to  Maj.  Julv,  '62;  Lt.-Col.  Dec. 

'62;  m.  o.  Nov.  '64. 
Pro.  from  Capt.  Co.  A  to  Lt.-Col.  Nov.  '64;  m.  o.  July, '65. 
Pro.  from  Capt.  Co.  E  Jan.  '63  ;    died  Oct.  '64,  "from 

wds.  Jonesboro. 
Resigned  Nov.  7,  1862. 

Pro.  from  Asst.-Surg.  Nov.  '62  ;  m.  o.  Nov.  '63. 
Pro.  from  Asst.-Surg.  Nov.  '64  ;  m.  o.  Regt.  July,  '65. 
Pro.  to  Surgeon  60th  0.  V.  I.  May  1,  1864. 
Resigned  March  4,  1863. 
Mustered  out  with  regiment  Julv  11,  1865. 
Resigned  Feb.  24,  1863. 
Mustered  out  with  regiment  July  11,  1865. 
Pro.  to  Capt.  and  A.  A.  G.  of  Vol.  Aug.  '62. 
Pro.  to  Sgt.-Maj.  from  Corp.  Co.  A,  Feb.  '62;  pro.  to  2d 

Lt.  as.  to  Co.  B,  Nov.  '62  ;    1st  Lt.  as.  to  Co.  H,  Feb. 

'63;    ap.   Adjt.  Aug.  '63;  pro.  to  Capt.  as.  to  Co.  A, 

Nov.  '64. 
Pro.  Q.  M.  Sergt.  from  private  Co.   F,   Dec.  '63;  to  1st 

Lt.  Nov. '64,  Co.  I ;  Adjt.  Jan.  '65 ;  as.  Co.  G,  May,  '65. 
Pro.  Sgt.-Maj.  from  1st  Sgt.  Co.  I,  Feb.  '(i3;  pro.  1st  Lt. 

Apr.'65,  as.  Co.  G;  Adjt.  May,'(i5;  ni.o.  Regt.  July, '65. 
Assigned  to  Co.  K  April  1,  1862. 
Pro.  from  2d  Lt.  Co.  K,  Apr.  '62 ;  res.  Dec.  '62. 
As.  from  Co.  C,  Dec.  '62 ;  pro.  Capt.  and  Asst.  Q.  M. 

Feb.  1864. 
Ap.  Act.  R.  Q.  M.  from  2d  Lt.  Co.  E,  June,  '64 ;  pro. 

1st  Lt.  Co.  B,  Nov.  '64 ;  Regt.  (.}.  M.  May,  '65 ;  trans. 

from  Co.  B  ;  m.  o.  Regt.  Julv,  '65. 
Pro.  2d  I.ieut.  Sept.  '61 ;  as.  Co.  E. 
Pro.  from  Sergt.  Co.  I,  Jan.  '63;  2d  Lt.  ('o.  E,  Mav, '64. 
Pro.  from  1st  Sergt.  Co.  I,  July,  '64;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  1, 

Jan.  '64 ;  vet. 
Pro.  from  Sergt.  Co.  A,  May,  '65  ;    m.  o.   Regt. 

'65  ;  vet. 

Red.  ranks,  and  trans,  to  Co.  A,  Nov.  '61. 
Red.  to  ranks,  trans,  to  Co.  I,  March,  '62. 
Pro.  from  private  Co.  F,  ]\Iar.  '62 ;  dis.  Feb.  '63,  Surg. 

ctf.  disab. 
Pro.  from  Sergt.  Co.  D,  Dec.  '63 ;    dis.  Jan.  '65, 

ctf.  disab.;  vet. 
Pro.  from  Sergt.  Co.  G,  Feb.  '65;    m.  o.  Regt.  Julv, 

'65;  vet. 
Pro.  from  private  Co.  A,  Sept.  '61 ;  dis.  Apr.  '62,  Surg. 

ctf.  disab. 
Pro.  from  private  Co.  A,  May,  '62 : 

ctf.  disab. 
Pro.  from  private  Co.  D,  Dec.  '63 ; 

'64;  vet. 
Pro.  from  private  Co.  K,  Dec.  '64  ; 

Apr.  '65 ;  vet. 
Pro.  from  1st  Sergt.  Co.  K,  Apr.  '65  ;  m.  o.  Regt.  July, 

'65 ;  vet. 
Discharged  June,  '62,  on  Surg.  ctf.  disab. 
Pro.  Sergt.  Co.  A,  July,'62;  died  June  23,'63,  Nashville. 
Pro.  from  private  Co.  E,   Dec.  '63 ;  m.  o.  Regt.  July, 

'65 ;  vet. 
Assigned  to  Co.  H,  Oct.  1,  1862. 
Pro.  from  private  Co.  H,  June,  '63  ;  dis.  JIar.  '65. 
Pro.  from  mus.  Co.   G,    May,  '65 ;   m.  o.  Regt.  Julv, 

'65;  vet. 
Pro.  from  n\us.  Co.  G,  Mav,  '65  ;    m.  o.  Regt.  July, 

'65;  vet. 
M.  o.  Sept.  '62,  Bowling  Green,  Ky.;  ord.  W.  Dept. 
M.  o.  Sept.  '62,  Bowling  Green,  Ky.;  ord.  W.  Dept. 
M.  o.  Sept.  '62,  Bowling  Green,  Ky.;  ord.  W.  Dept. 


July, 


Surg. 


,  dis.  June,  '63,  Surg. 
1st  Lt.  Co.  B,  Nov. 
red.  ranks  Co.   K, 


THE  WAR   OF  THE  REBELLION- FIELD  WORK. 


135 


Names. 


Alexander  Miller 

Nicholas  Bink 

John  Altraper 

Josejih  Williams 

John  W.  Hannon 

Adolph  Rapp 

Bernard  Stum 

Leonard  Long 

Samuel   Sidlinger 

Jolm  Allen 

Daniel  Keefer 

Charles  Myers 

John  Sidlinger 

George  W.  Harving... 
Godfrey  Milverstedt  _. 
Francis  A.  Rockwood  . 


u 

iJan.it, 

^ 

Musician. 

30 

" 

27 

(( 

29 

(( 

19 

u 

36 

(( 

19 

" 

18 

*' 

18 

" 

18 

a 

31 

(1 

38 

(( 

30 

" 

39 

(( 

33 

(( 

35 

(( 

37 

Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Oct. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 


12, 1861 
12,1861 
12, 1861 
12, 1801 
5,  1861 
12, 1861 
12,1861 
12,1861 
12, 1801 


Remarks. 


12, 1861  iM. 


12,1861 
12, 1S61  ]  M. 
12, 1801 1 M. 
12, 1861 'M. 
12, 1861 '  M. 
12,1861  M. 


o.  Sept. 
o.  Sept. 
o.  Sept. 
o.  Sept. 
o.  Sept. 
o.  Sept. 
o.  Sept. 
o.  Sept. 
o.  Sept, 
o.  Apr. 
o.  Apr. 
o.  Sept. 
o.  Sept. 
o.  Sept. 
o.  Sept. 
o.  Apr. 


'62, 
'62, 
'62, 
'65, 
'()2, 
'62, 
'62, 
'62, 
'62, 
'62, 
'02, 
'02, 
'02, 
'ti2, 
'62, 
'62, 


Bowling  Green,  Ky. 
Bowling  Green,  Ky, 
Bowling  Green,  K)', 
Bowling  Green,  Ky. 
Bowling  Green,  Ky, 
Bowling  Green,  Ky. 
Bowling  Green,  Ky. 
Bowling  Green,  Ky. 
Bowling  Green,  Ky. 
Lebanon,  Ky,;  Surg, 
Lebanon,  Ky.;  Surg, 
Bowling  Green,  Ky. 
Bowling  Green,  Ky 
Bowling  Green,  Ky. 
Bowling  Green,  Ky. 
Lebanon,  Ky.;  Surg. 


;  ord.  W.  Dept. 
;  ord.  Vt'.  Dejit. 
;  ord.  W.  Dept. 
;  ord.  W.  Dept. 
;  ord.  W.  Dept. 
;  ord.  W.  Dept. 
;  ord.  W.  Dept. 
;  ord.  W.  Dept. 
;  ord.  W.  Dept. 

ctf.  disab. 

etf.  disab. 
;  ord.  W.  Dei)t. 
;  ord.  W.  Dept. 
;  ord.  W.  Dept. 
;  ord.  W.  Dept. 

ctf.  disab. 


COMPANY    A. 


Henry  D.  Kingsbury. 

Albert  Moore 

Joseph  B.  Newton  .__ 


Marshal  Davis 

Alonzo  H.  Wood 


Rank. 


Captain. 


1st  Lieut. 


William  B.  Pugh 

Frank  Fleck 

Nathaniel  0.  Cobb 

Harrison  Wood 

Gains  B.  Hanford 

Francis  O.  Wyman 

Thomas  Scott 

Orlando  C.  Geer 

George  R.  Pennell 

Samuel  Emery 

James  Moore 

James  B.  Smith 

John  Gillman 

Thomas  W.  Gilbert 

Arthur  I).  Tarbox 

James  N.  Ferine 

Livingston  E.  Beardsley 

Thomas  Glenn 

John  H,  Pugh 

Ignatius  Warner 

George  Bennette 

Albert  Osborn 

William  Hughes 

Joseph  E.  Warner 

William  Rutherford 

.lulius  C.  Bennette 

George  Dodds 

John  Owen 

Avery,  John  G 

Anderson,  William 

Alcorn,  William  H 

Bond,  William 

Brown,  George  W 

Bogle,  Francis 

Barr,  Robert  W 

Barlow,  Jonathan 

Beecher,  John  W 

Brichfield,  Eli 

Bloom,  James 

Burnes,  AVilliam 


2d  Lieut. 


1  st  Sergt. 


Sergeant. 


Cbrporal. 


Private. 


42 
33 
23 

25 

20 

25 

32 

26 

30 

22 

22 

20 

21 

21 

35 

21 

39 

31 

21 

25 

30 

21 

19 

21 

19 

24 

23 

23 

19 

28 

40 

29 

20 

19 

27 

19 

18 

18 

18 

18 

41 

33 

24 

50 


Bate  of 

Entering  tfie 

Service. 


Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  18,1861 

Aug.  21, 1861 
Aug.  20, 1861 

Aug.  17,1801 
Aug.  20,1 8lil 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  17,1861 
Sept.  3,1861 
Aug.  19, 1861 
Aug.  21,1861 
Aug.  19, 1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  28, 1861 
Aug.  21, 1861 
Aug.  17, 1801 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Sept.  4,  1801 
Aug.  19, 1861 
Aug.  22, 1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  17,1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  25,  1864 
Jan.  25,1864 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  21,1861 
Sept.  8,  1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Aug.  22, 1861 
Jan.  19,  1864 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Feb.  10, 1804 
Feb.  6, 1864 
Sept.  8,  1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  21,1861 
Aug.  21, 1861 
Aug.  21,1801 
Aug.  21, 1801 
Aug.  21,1861 


Ermarki.. 


Pro.  to  Major,  July,  1802. 

Pro.  1st  Lieut.  Aug.  '02  ;  Lieut.-Col.  Nov.  18,  1864. 

Pro.  Sergt.-Maj.  from  Corp.  Feb.  '62  ;    to  Adjt.   Nov. 

'04  ;  m.  o.  Co.  July,  '65 ;  vet. 
From  Co.  E,  March,  "'62  ;  pro.  Capt.  Co.  E,  Nov.  '04. 
1st  Sergt.  from  Corp.;  to  1st  Lieut.  Apr.  '65  ;  m.  o.  Co.; 

vet. 
Pro.  to  Captain  Co.  I,  Nov.  1.S62. 
Pro.  from  Sergt.  Co.  H,  Aug.  1S()2;  res.  Sept.  1S64. 
Pro.  2d  Lieut.  Co.  I,  Oct.  '02. 
Ap.  from  Sergt.;  pro.  1st  Lt.  Co.  H.;  veteran. 
Ap.  Corp.;  Sgt.  June,  '(14;  IstSgt.  Dec.  '(54;  m.o.Co.;  vet. 
Ap.  from  Corp.  Sept.  '64;  m.  o.  Co.;  veteran. 
Ap.  from  Corp.  Dec.  '04 ;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 
Ap.  from  Corp.  May,  '05 ;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 
Ap.  from  Corp.  June,  '05 ;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 
Disc.  Aug.  '62 ;  Surg.  ctf.  disability. 
Ap.  from  Corp.;  disc.  Dec.  '62,  on  Surg.  ctf.  di.'fab. 
Pro.  Hospital  Steward,  July,  '62. 
Ap.  from  Corp.;  killed  at  Chiekamauga,  Sept.  19,  '63. 
Mus.  as  private;  ap.  Sgt.;  wd.  C'hickamauga;  d.  Oct.'63. 
Mus.  as  private  ;  ap.  Sgt.;  k.  at  Jonesboro,  Sept.  64. 
Died  Sept.  2,  1864,  wounds  received  at  Jonesboro. 
Mus.  private  ;  ap.  Sgt.;  pro.  Sgt.-Maj.  May,  '65  ;  vet. 
Ap.  Corp.  Nov.  '62  ;  m.  b.  Co.  July,  '65 ;  veteran. 
Ap.  Corp.  Sept.  '04  ;  m.  o.  Co.  July,  '05  ;  veteran. 
Ap.  Corp.  Sept.  1804  ;  m.  o.  Co.  July,  '05;  veteran. 
Ap.  Corp.  Sept.  1865 ;  m.  o.  Co.  July,  '65  ;  veteran. 
Ap.  Corp.  Oct.  1864  ;  m.  o.  Co.  July,  1865. 
Ap.  Corp.  Dec.  1864;  m.  o.  Co.  July,  1865;  veteran. 
Ap.  Corp.  May,  1865  ;  m.  o.  Co.  July,  1865  ;  veteran. 
Ap.  Corp.  June,  1805  ;  m.  o.  Co.  July,  1865 ;  veteran. 
Disc.  March,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate,  disability. 
Ap.  Corp.;  discharged  Sept.  20,  1864. 
Killed  at  Chiekamauga,  September,  1863. 
Mustered  out  with  Company. 
Killed  at  Chiekamauga,  September  19,  1863. 
Reduced  from  C'orporal  ;  disc.  Sept.  1864,  at  .-Vtlanta. 
Mustered  out  with  Company. 
^Mustered  out  with  Company. 

Disc.  Aug.  1862,  Cincinnati,  Surg.  ctf.  disability. 
Discharged  at  Nashville,  Surgeon's  certificate  disab. 
Promoted  2d  Lieutenant,  Jan.  1803,  C'ompany  C. 
Cap.  Chiekamauga,  Sept.'03;  d.  Andersonville,  Sep. '64. 
Promoted  Com.  Sergeant,  Sept.  7,  1861. 
Wd.  at  Chiekamauga  ;  disc.  Jan.  '65,  Surg.  ctf.  disab. 


136 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Names. 


Bank. 


Barnes,  William 

Harm-s,  Frederick  C— 

I'.oner,  Fraiuis  \V 

r.urclilielil,  Aaron  H_. 

Barr,  Amos 

Hames,  AVilliain 

Cook,  Luther  II 

t'lark,  John 

Clark,  Henry  H 

Collins,  Oavid 

Canklin,  Isaac 

Cobb,  .lolm  K 

Carman.  Eli 

Carter,  ,Iohn 

Cottin,  Admiral  B 

Cornelius,  John 

Coalwell,  William 

Dryer,  George  H 

D'8hana\vay,  Lafayette  F 

D'Shanaway,  John 

Donavin,  Richard 

Davis,  Abram 

Davis,  Andrew  J 

Eldridge,  John  E 

Frusher,  James 

Frisbee,  John  C 

Felt,  James  S 

Glenn,  Andrew 

Glemon,  Martin 

Ciilbert,  Uriah 

Gates,  John 

Hathaway,  William  W.- 
Hull, Ira 

Humes,  Cornelius 

Uarbauer,  Jacob 

Hapins,  Charles  W 

Hines,  Thomas 

How,  Adam 

Heuch,  Charles  H 

Hepl),  John 

Harper,  Benjamin 

James,  Ephraim 

Jones,  Francis  L 

Jolly,  Jared 

June,  Reuben  A 

Jones,  Charles  H 

Knai)p,  Wilson  B 

Kingsbury,  Orison  V 

Kleinsory,  William 

Kennedy,  William 

Lanagan,  Thomas 

Leach,  David 

Lafleur,  Antone 

Lathrop,  Elislia  D 

Lewis,  William  M 

Lane,  Thomas 

Landburg,  Andrew i 

Lendberger,  George  W.- 

Laird,  F.  A 

Long,  John  E 

JloVetta,  Thomas 

McMillin,  Henry  P 

Moore,  Peter 

^IcHenry,  Charles 

Moran,  Patrick 

ilurk,  Anthony 

;\Iallette,  John 

Merrill,  Levin  M 

Miller,  Ludwig 

Xye,  Henry  T 

Kills,  Henry 

Parmelee,  Horace  M 


Private. 


22 
19 
25 
19 

21 
19 
26 
28 
28 
27 
26 
29 
33 
23 
23 
18 
18 
18 
IS 
18 
45 
29 
19 
20 
21 
20 
18 
25 
18 
18 
19 
40 
45 
25 
23 
18 
21 
16 
19 
22 
35 
26 
18 
20 
36 
18 
42 
21 
18 
30 
19 
19 
23 
19 
23 
26 
22 
40 
21 
23 
29 
25 
41 
18 
33 
25 
18 
19 
3(i 
21 
18 
9.7 


Dale  of 

Entcrinp  the 
Service. 


Feb.  1,1864 
Aug.  21, 1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  17. 1801 
Feb.  1,  1864 
Sept.  25, 1861 
Sept.  14,1863 
Feb.  13,  1864 
F'eb.  IS,  1S64 
Aug.  17,1861 
Aug.  17,1801 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  21,1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Jan.  11,  1864 
Jan.  12,  1864 
Jan.  21,  1864 
Jan.  18,  1864 
Mar.  5,  1864 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Jan.  25,  1864 
Aug.  17,1861 
Aug.  26, 1861 
Sept.  4,  1861 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Sept.  30,1864 
Aug.  17,  1861 
Aug.  17,  1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
June  12,  1864 
Sept.  27, 1864 
Sept.  24, 1864 
Sept.  27, 1864 
Aug.  21, 1861 
Sept.  29, 1864 
Aug.  19, 1861 
Sept.  26, 1864 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Aug.  21,1861 
Jan.  19,  1864 
Sept.  4,  1861 
Oct.  12,  1861 
Sept.  24, 1864 
Sept.  26, 1864 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  19, 1861 
Aug.  21, 1861 
Aug.  20, 1801 
Sept.  27, 1864 
Sept.  27, 1864 
Sept.  27, 1864 
Sept.27, 1,S64 
Nov.  18,  1864 
Sept.  27, 1864 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  22, 1861 
Jan.  11,  1864 
Jan.  30,  1864 
Jan.  8,  1864 
Sept.  29, 1864 
Aug.  22, 1861 
Sept.  26, 1864 
July  27, 1861 
Aug.  22, 1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 


Hemarks. 


Discharged  Dec.  29,  1864,  at  Columbus,  Ohio. 
Wounded  Chickamauga;  in  hospital ;  discharged. 
Missing  at  Chickamauga.     No  further  record. 
Died  May  16,  1862,  near  St.  Louis,  Missouri. 
Died  Nov.  28,  1861,  at  Lexington,  Kentucky. 
Discharged  Sept.  1864,   Surgeon's  certificate  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  Company  ;  veteran. 
Discharged  June  17,  1865,  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Captured  at  Raleigh,  S.  C.  April,  1865  ;  m.  o.  Co. 
Reduced  from  Corporal ;  discharged  April,  1862. 
Discharged  Oct.  1862,  Nashville,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disab. 
Discharged  Oct.  1862,  Nashville,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disab. 
Discharged  Sept.  13,  1864,  at  Atlanta,  Georgia. 
Red.  from  Cpl.;  wd. Atlanta,  June,'63;  dise.Apr.'65;  vet. 
Discharged  Sept.  13,  1864,  at  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Discharged  June,  1865,  Cleveland,  O.,  Surg.  ctf.  disab. 
Mustered  out  with  Company. 
Mustered  out  with  Company. 
Clustered  out  with  Company. 
^Mustered  out  with  Company. 

Trans.  1st  Vet.  Vol.  Engineers,  Sept.  1864 ;  veteran. 
jTrans.  1st  Vet.  Vol.  Engineers,  Sept.  1864;  veteran. 
JDischarged  Feb.  20,  1863,  Surg,  certificate  disab. 
jMustered  out  with  Company. 
Mustered  out  with  Company. 
[Mustered  out  with  Company. 

Captured  at  Chickamauga ;  disc.  April  7, 1865;  veteran. 
'Wounded  at  Resaca,  May,  1864;  veteran. 
Wd.  at  Chickamauga  and  Jonesboro  ;  d.  Sept.  64 ;  vet. 
Mustered  out  with  C'ompany ;  veteran. 
Discharged  July  4,  1865,  at  Columbus,  Ohio. 
Red.  from  Cpl.;  dis.  Dec.  '62,  Surg.  ctf.  disa. 
Disc.  May,  '63,  Lavergne,  Tenn.,  Surg,  certificate. 
'  Captured  Chickamauga  ;  no  further  record. 
Mustered  oat  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustei-ed  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
KilletTbattle  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  1863. 
Disc.  June,  1865,  order  of  War  Department. 
Wd.  Chickamauga ;  no  further  record. 
Disc.  June,  1865,  order  of  War  Department. 
Wd.  Mission  Ridge,  Nov.  '63;  disc.  Sept.  '64,  Surg.  ctf. 
Mustered  out  with  company  ;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Disc.  March,  '62,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Disc.  June,  '62,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Absent  sick;  m.  o.  July  '65. 
Discharged  June  13,  1865,  at  Louisville,  Ky. 
Died  Dec.  26,  1862,  at  Lebanon,  Ky. 
Died  Dec.  1,  1861,  at  Lexington,  Ky. 
Died  Nov.  25,  ISfil,  at  Lexington,  Ky. 
Mustered  out  with  coiupan}- ;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  June,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  June,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  June,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  June,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  June,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  June,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Disc.  March,  1862,  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  Surg.  ctf. 
Disc.  May,  1863,  Lavergne,  Tenn.,  Surg.  ctf. 
Disc.  Oct.  1862,  Columbus,  O.,  Surg.  ctf. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Died  May  21,  '64,  from  wds.  at  Resaca. 
Discharged  Juue,  I860,  order  War  Department. 
Disc.  April,  1862,  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  Surg.  ctf. 
Wounded  at  Chickamauga;  m.  o.  Co. 
Red.  fromQ.  M.Sgt.  Nov.'61;  disc.  Aug.'62,Columbus,0. 


THE   WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION—  FIELD   WORK. 


137 


Na7n€£. 


Sank. 


Perry,  Ezra  

Phillips,  Aaron 

Pellon,  Eli 

Pelky,  John 

Pelky,  Lewis 

Pfanner,  Jacob 

Robinette,  Narcissus 

Reynolds,  Chauncey  M_- 

Railton,  George  W 

Sbutts,  Albert  A 

Stone,  Homer  B 

Sifer,  Abraham  F 

Seager,  Francis  M 

Stricklin,  Nathan 

Spangler,  John  E 

iStautzenberger,  William . 

Sondeet,  Joseph 

Steffus,  Mathias 

8egur,  William  O 

Sinting,  John 

Seeron,  Henry 

.Siedke,  Augustus 

Southwiek,  Charles 

Thomas,  Jerome  B 

Wilder,  Albert  V 

Wood,  Jonathan 

Waldron,  Henry  L 

Wood,  Samuel  T 

Walbridge,  Charles  H 

WiUiaius,  Cyrus  M 

VVilhams,  Joseph  K 

Wilkinson,  Edwin  R 

Warner,  Zophar 

Warner,  Levi  S 

Warren,  Alfred  N 

AVeller,  John  A 

Wilkinson,  Albert  S 

Wood,  Francis  V 

Zeigen,  John 


Private. 


29 
29 
25 
;i2 
19 
18 
45 
18 
19 
3() 
39 
24 
19 
23 
21 
20 
18 
18 
IS 
19 
18 
31 
23 
18 
23 
()2 
20 
20 

30 
IS 
21 
19 
19 
18 
IS 
18 
18 
18 
21 


Dale  of 

Entering   ilie 

Service. 


Sept.  6, 
Aug.  17, 
Aug.  17, 
Jan.  12, 
Jan.  12, 
Feb.  13, 
Aug.  21, 
Sept.  6, 
Feb.  12, 
Aug.  17, 
Aug.  17, 
Aug.  17, 
Feb.  22, 
Aug.  28, 
Jan.  25, 
Feb.  11, 
Jan.  22, 
Aug.  21, 
Jan.  12, 
Sept.  26, 
Sept.  26, 
Mch.  10, 
Nov.  22, 
Aug.  19, 
Oct.  12, 
Sept.  5, 
Aug.  17, 
Aug.  19, 

Aug.  17, 
Aug.  17, 
Aug.  19, 
Aug.  21, 
Oct.  18, 
Oct.  18, 
Jan.  25, 
Feb.  25, 
Aug.  19, 
Jan.  14, 
Aug.  18, 


1861 
1861 
1861 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1861 
1861 
1S62 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1S62 
1861 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1861 
1864 
1S64 
1864 
1862 
1863 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 

1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1864 
1864 
1861 
1864 
1861 


Hemarks. 


Disc.  March  1863,  Louisville,  Ky.,  Surg,  certificate. 
M.  o.  Sept.  '64,  Atlanta,  exp.  term  service. 

Mustered  out  June,  1865,  at  Louisville,  Ky. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Disc.  May,  1862,  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Pro.  Com.  Sergeant  May  2,  1862. 

Discharged  May  IS,  1865,  at  Columbus,  O. 

Di.sc.  June,  1862,  Columbus,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharged  Sept.  13,  1864,  at  Atlanta,  Ga. 

Died  July  29,  1862,  at  Pulaski,  Tenn. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company  ;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  witli  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company  ;  veteran. 

Died  Sept.  24,  1864,  wounds  at  Jone.sboro. 

Disc.  May  29,  1865,  order  War  Department. 

Disc.  June  3,  1865,  order  War  Department. 

Disc.  Feb.  26,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Trans,  to  1st  Vet.  Vol.  Engineers  Sept.  1864. 

Red.  from  Cpl.;  det.  Q.  M.  Sept.  '64;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 

Disc.  May.  1863,  Manchester,  Tenn.,  Surg,  certificate. 

Trans,  from  co.  I,  Nov.  '62;  disc.  Jan.  '64;  Surg.  ctf. 

Cap.  Chick.;  died  Oct.  16,  '64,  Andersonville. 

Cap.  Chick.;  esc.  March  2,  '64;  wd.  Jonesboro;   m.  o. 

Sept.  '65 ;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  Atlanta,  Sept.  1 3,  '64. 
Died  Oct.  6,  '63,  of  wds.  at  Chickamauga. 
Died  Dec.  12,  1863,  at  Chattanooga,  Tenn. 
Mustered  out  witli  company  ;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company ;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  ;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Died  Jan.  5,  1864,  at  Chattanooga,  Tenn. 
Disc.  June,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Cap.  Chick.;  died  Danville  Prison,  Jan.  12,  '64. 


COMPANY    B. 


iVam^s. 


George  W.  Kirk 

Henry  G.  Neubert 

Edward  S.  Dodd 

David  K.  Bowker 

James  B.  Rutledge 

William  T.  Bennett 

Henry  A.  Valentine 

Joseph  B.  Newton 

Isaac  L.  Van  Meter 

Ebenezer  C.  Tillotson 

Walter  B.  Kirk 

Albert  Burroughs 

Horace  Culver    

James  N.  Cooley 

John  Cahoo 

John  Klein 

Joseph  Perry 

Josiah  T.  Walker 

Augustus  C.  May 

Peter  Emery 


Rayik. 


Captain. 

(C 

1st  Lieut. 


2d  Lieut. 

li 

1st  Sergt. 
(( 

Sergeant. 
(( 

(( 

(( 

It 

Corporal. 


Date  of 

Entering 

the  Service. 


43 

20 
20 
22 
35 
20 
21 
23 
22 
31 
19 
24 
26 
20 
20 
23 
28 
26 
19 
18 


Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 


15, 1861 
14, 1861 
28, 1861 

4,  1861 
12, 1861 
21, 1861 

1,  1861 
18, 1861 
2.5,1861 
15, 1861 
18, 1861 
18, 1S61 
18, 1861 
IS,  1861 
18, 1861 
18, 1861 
18, 1861 
18, 1861 
18, 1S61 
18, 1861 


Remarks. 


M.  o.  Sept.  '64,  Atlanta,  exp.  term  service. 

As.  from  Co.  K,  Jan.  '65;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 

Assigned  to  Company  F,  February  18,  1863. 

Pro.  from  Com.  Sgt.  Nov.  '64,  Capt.  Co.  C,  Apr.  1S65. 

Pro.  from  2d  Lt.  Nov.  '61;  res.  Sept.  '63. 

Pro.  from  2d  Lt.  Nov.  '64;  ap.  R.  Q.  U.  May,  1S65. 

Pro.  from  1st  Sgt.  Co.  H,  Nov.  1864;  m.  o.  Co. 

Pro.  from  Sgt.-Maj.  Nov.  '62,  to  1st  Lt.  Co.  H,  Feb.  '63. 

Pro.  from  1st  Sgt.  Co.  K,  Feb.  '63;  m.  o.  Co.;  veteran. 

Transferred  to  Company  K,  June  Ki,  1862. 

Pro.  to  2d  Lieutenant  Co.  H,  November,  1862. 

Pro.  to  1st  Lieutenant  Company  C,  January,  1865. 

Appointed  from  ."Sergeant,  June,  ISiio;  m.  o.  Company. 

Appointeil  from  Corjioral,  Dec.  1863;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 

Apijointed  from  Cdrporal,  May,  1864;    ra.  o.  Co.;  vet. 

Appointed  from  tJorjioral,  January,  1865;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 

Ap.  from  Cpl.  Jlay,  1864;  on  det.  duty;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 

Died  December,  1863,  wounds  Mission  Kidge. 

Ap.  Cpl.  Dec.  1863;  pris.  war  3  m.;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 

Ap.  Cpl.  Dec.  1863;  m.  o.  Co.;  veteran. 


138 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Namei. 


Michael  Gates 

Tboinas  Kay    

Henry  McGrau 

Martin  Culver 

Freilerick  McKllight  — 

Lewis  Srlianipaign 

Heed  Wetuuire 

Daniel  Craig 

Charles  E.  Davis 

Albert  H.  Huntley 

Franeis  M.  Perry 

Cliristopher  Jacobs 

WarlieM,  Henry  C 

Ainl,  Andrew 

Acker,  William  H 

Bryan,  George  W 

Bryan,  Dennis 

Bivans,  George  F 

Burk,  Jesse 

Born,  Jacob 

Beeler,  Rudolph 

Baker,  Emanuel 

Bowles,  Thomas 

Conger,  Horace 

Carrol,  John 

Cotter,  John 

Cochran,  Clement 

Clark,  Willis  E 

Callard,  Arthur  L 

Cluckey,  John 

Coulton,  Joseph 

Cowles,  Gay  lord 

Culver,  Newton 

Coulton,  William 

Conner,  Cornelius 

Cooper,  Reuben 

Chrisley,  George  W 

Craudall,  Caleb 

Drewior,  Noah  L 

Davis,  C'harles 

Dudley,  Joseph 

Dellinghausey,  Edward 

Durall,  John 

Dailev,  John 

Da^-is■,  William  H 

Emerling,  William  A_  _ 

Eaton,  Nathaniel 

Easlin,  Mathias 

Estell,  Chauncey 

Flanagan,  Arthur 

Fritz,  John. 

Gillis,  William  H 

Gleason,  Matthew  W  . 

Gates,  Adam    

Harrison,  John  W 

Harrison,  John 

Helmy,  Cornelius  

Harris,   Amos 

Harris,  Edward 

Jordan,  Patrick 

Kastack,  Frank 

Kelley,  Gustain 

Lyons,  Martin ._ 

LaFontaine,  Oliver 

Lee,   David 

Lue,    Conrad 

Laughlin,  William  J 

Miller,  Frederick 

Miller,   Levi 

]\IcPhillips,  James 

Murphy,  James 

McMahon,  James 


Rank. 


Corporal. 


Date  of 

ETitering  the 
Sermcc. 


Wagoner. 

Private. 


20 
29 
21 
21 
18 
23 
49 
33 
19 
27 
23 
20 
18 
32 
19 
29 
18 
IS 
22 
18 
34 
22 
20 
18 
43 
39 
19 
24 
24 
36 
34 
37 
27 
21 
23 
2() 
18 
20 
21 
25 
25 
19 
IS 
18 
35 

44 
24 
18 
18 
29 
23 
19 
18 
18 
44 
20 
19 
21 
28 
19 
18 
21 
22 
33 
42 
IS 
32 
27 
23 
20 
35 


Aug. 

May 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Jan. 

Jan. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 
I  Aug. 
ISept. 
1  Aug. 
I  Aug. 

Sei)t. 

Feb. 
I  Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Feb. 

Feb. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Feb. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Feb. 

Feb. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Feb. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 


1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861] 
1861 1 
18611 
lS64i 
1861, 
18611 
1864; 
1861 

1864: 

1864 
1864 
1864 
1861 
1861 
186^ 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1861. 
1861! 
1861 
1861 1 
lS6l' 
1864 
1864' 
1864' 
1861! 
1861 
1861 
1864, 
1864 
1861 
1861 
1861, 
1801 
1864 
1864 
1861 
18641 
1861 
1861 ! 
1864 
1861 
1861 
1861 
1864 

isr.4 

1864 
1861 
1864 
1861, 
1861 
1861' 
1864 
lS(i4 
1,S61 
1861 
1861 
1861' 
1861, 


Appointed  Corporal,  Mar.  1,  1864;  m.  o.  Co.;  veteran. 
Appointed  Corporal,  November,  1864;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 
Appointed  Corporal,  November,  l.s64;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 
Appointed  Corporal,  November,  1804;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 
Appointed  Corporal,  November,  1864;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 
Appointed  Corporal,  November,  1864;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Cpl.  Sept.  1861;  d.  hospital,  Nashville,  Mar.  1863. 
Ap.  Cpl.;  disc.  Apr.  1863,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Ap.  Cpl.;  died  Aug.  1864,  wds.  Kingston,  May,  '64;  vet. 
Died  October,  1864,  Nashville;  veteran. 
Died  Oct.  6,  1864,  wounds  at  Jonesboro;  veteran. 
Died  September  6, 1864,  wounds  at  Jonesboro;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  witli  Company;  veteran. 
Discharged  February,  18(i3,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  June  3,  1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
Mustered  out  with  Company;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  Company. 
Mustered  out  w'ith  Company. 

Red.  from  Corporal;  disc.  July,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  ctf. 
Discharged  June  3,  1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
Discharged  June  3,  186o,'_at  Washington,  D.  C. 
Discharged  June  3,  1865,  at  AVashington,  D.  C. 
Discharged  May  20, 1865,  at  Newbern,  N.  C. 
Clustered  out  with  Company. 
Mustered  out  with  Company;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  Company. 
Reduced  from  Corporal;  disc.  Sept.  1864,  Atlanta. 
Reduced  from  Corporal;  disc.  Sept.  1864,  Atlanta. 
Died  April  20,  1862,  at  Shiloh,  Tennessee. 
Died  December  6,  1861,  at  Lexington,  Kentucky. 
Discharged  September  18,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  April  27,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  August  18,  1863,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disability. 
Discharged  Dec.  4,  1863,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  June,  186.5,  Surgeon's  certificate;  veteran. 
Discliarged  June  29,  1865,  order  AN'ar  Department. 
Discharged  June  3,  1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
Discharged  June  3,  1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
Wounded  at  Mission  Ridge,  Nov.  1863;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 
Died  Nov.  7,  1861,  in  hospital,  at  London,  Kentucky. 
Died  Jlarch  26,  1862,  at  Lexington,  Kentucky. 
Discharged  June  3,  1865,  at  W^ashington,  D.  C. 
Discharged  June  3,  1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
Transferred  Reserve  Corps,  ^larch,  I860;  veteran. 
Killed  August  8,  1864,  near  Atlanta;  \-eteran. 
Discharged  September  12,  1864,  at  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Discharged  July  20,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  April  13,  18(i4,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mustered  out  with  Company. 
Discharged  September  22,  1864. 
Discharged  June  3, 1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
Discharged  January  20,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Mustered  out  with  Company. 

Died  February  20,  1864,  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Discharged  April  18,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Transferred  to  N'eteran  Reserve  Corps,  Sept.  1,  1863. 

Mustered  out  with  Company. 

Mustered  out  with  Company. 

Discharged  June  3,  1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 

Discharged  Sept.  22,  1864,  at  Atlanta,  Surgeon's  ctf. 

Died  June  29,  1864,  in  hospital  at  New  Albany,  Ind. 

Discharged  Sept.  12,  1864,  at  Atlanta,  Gia. 

Dis.  Aug.  4,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Dis.  Aug.  4,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Dis.  June  3,  1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 

Died  March,  1865,  near  Catawl>a  River,  S.  C. 

Discharged  Sept.  22,  1864,  exp.  term  of  service. 

Discharged  Sept.  22,  1864,  exp.  term  of  service. 

Discharged  Sept.  22,  1864,  exp.  term  of  ser^•ice. 

Discharged  Sept.  22,  1864,  exp.  term  of  service. 

Discharged  Sept.  12,  1864,  exp.  term  of  service. 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD   WORK. 


139 


Names. 


Moon,  Thomas 

McKay,  Joseph 

Miller,  Sylvester 

Mark,    John 

Marsh,  Lewis 

Miller,    Charles 

Monger,    Frank 

Miller,  Martin 

Miller,  Jacob 

Mullinix,  Solomon 

Milikee,   Patrick 

Moon,  John  W 

Munchler,  Alonzo 

Merrill,  Charles  M 

Mack,  Jacob  H 

Noonan,  Timothy 

Paddock,    Miner 

Porter,  William  H 

Phelan,  John 

Price,    C'liarles 

Papman,   Charles  R 

Phelps,  Charles  A 

Quintine,   Arthur 

Reagan,  Peter 

Robedeaux,  Robert  R. 

Reed,  Franklin 

Rogers,  Alpheus  R 

Rowan,   William 

Roberts,  George  W 

Regan,  James 

Schaler,   Charles 

Sunkers,   Jacob 

Smith,  Leander  W 

Sheppard,    William 

Tillott,  George  D 

Topliff,  Charles  A 

Tuttle,  (Jrlando 

Thom,  AVebster 

Trafler,  Nicholas 

Thornton,  Charles  W__ 

Tugo,  Nelson   

Winn,  Francis 

Wilson,  Lewis  E 

Williams,  Geo.   W 

Wilson,  Robert 

Wetmore,  Nicholas  H. 

Walcott,  Albert 

Webei-,  Charles  W 

Wagoner,  John 

Wyatt,   Albert 


Bank. 


Private. 


18 
37 
25 
20 
66 
21 
28 
40 
24 
20 
26 
32 
28 
18 
18 
19 
34 
19 
31 
29 
19 
23 
29 
18 
22 
24 
22 
21 
24 
18 
36 
26 
18 
23 
18 
20 
21 
23 
22 
20 
19 
22 
IS 
45 
34 
26 
19 
IS 
19 
18 


Date  of 

Entering  tlie 

Service. 


Feb. 
Jan. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Jan. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Oct. 

Feb. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept, 

Aug. 

Jan. 

Sept, 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Feb. 

Feb. 

Feb. 


Jieinarks. 


18, 1S64 

2,  1864 
22, 1861 
21,1861 

7,  1861 
20,1861 
23, 1861 
26, 1864 
24, 1864 
26, 1864 
30,1861 
28,1861 
28, 1861 
12, 1864 
28, 1864 
23, 1861 
26, 1861 

6, 1861 
2.3, 1861 
14,1861 
24, 1861 
27,  1862 

3, 1864 
,  1,  1861 
,  18, 1861 
19,  1.S61 
15, 1861 
,  1,  1861 
25,  1861 
21,  1864 
.  1,  1861 
,  8,  1861 
,21,1861 
,  22, 1861 
,1.5,  1S61 
, 28, 1S61 
, 28, 1861 

1,  1861 
24,1861 
21,1861 
18, 1861 
21, 1861 
23, 1861 
20, 18(il 
27,  1861 
15,1861 
21, 1861 
20, 1864 
14, 1864 
24, 1864 


Killed  June  3,  1864,  at  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Transferred  to  U.  S.  Navv  April  27,  1864. 
Killed  in  battle  of  Mission  Ridge,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
Died  Feb.  23,  1863,  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Discharged  April  15,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  Nov.  29,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certifiate. 
Discharged  Dec.  15,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  June  3,  1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
Discharged  June  3,  1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
Discharged  June  3,  1865,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Died  May  12,  1865,  at  Newbern,  N.  C. 
Discharged  Sept.  22,  1864,  at  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Discharged  Sept.  12,  1864,  at  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Killed  in  battle  of  Mission  Ridge,  Tenn.,  Nov.  25, 1863. 

Discharged  June  16,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Transferred  to  4th  U.  S.  Battery  Dec.  4,  1862. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Discharged  June  10,  1865,  by  order  War  Department. 
Discharged  Sept.  12,  1864,  at  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Discharged  Sept.  12,  1864,  at  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Discharged  Sept.  13,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  Oct.  7,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  comjiany  July  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Dicharged  Feb.  19,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  April  23,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Transferred  to  4th  U.  S.  Battery  Dec.  4,  1862. 

Discharged  Sept.  12, 1864,  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Red.  from  CorpL;  dis.  Sept.  1864,  exp.  term  of  service. 
Discharged  Sept.  22,  1864.  expiration  of  term  of  service. 
Wounded  at  ilissiou  Ridge;  disc.  Sept.  18()4.  Surg.  ctf. 
Discharged  Sept.  12,  18(i4,  by  order  War  Department. 
Red.  from  Corpl.;  disc.  June,  1862,  on  Surg,  certificate. 
Discharged  July  16, 1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Killed  in  battle  of  Mission  Ridge,  Tenn.,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
Died  March  2,  1862,  at  Louisville,  Ky. 
Discharged  Aug.  4,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  Dec.  20.  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Transferred  to  4th  U.  S.  Battery  Dec.  4,  1862. 
Discharged  June  21,  1865,  by  order  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 


COMPANY    C. 


Navietf. 

Hank. 

^ 
■^ 

Date  nf 

Entering  the 

Service. 

Remarks. 

Jacob  W.  Brown 

.Toll n  J.  Clark  

David  K.  Bowker 

Ezra  B.  Kirk 

William  B.  Steedman___ 

Henry  G.  Neubert 

Albert  Burroughs 

John  M.  Hamilton 

John  W.  Beecher 

Henry  W.  Bigelow 

Henry  F.  Morgan 

Captain. 

1st  Lieut. 

(( 
2d  Lieut. 

Ist  Sergt. 

37 
29 
22 
21 
28 
20 
24 
26 
33 
23 
20 

Aug.  15, 1861 
Aug.  28, 1861 
Sept.  4,  1861 
Aug.  15,1861 
Sept.  4,  1861 
Aug.  14, 1861 
Aug.  18,  1861 
Aug.  15,1861 
Aug.  21, 1861 
Aug.  15,  1861 
Sept.  2,  1861 

Resigned  Oct.  29,  1862. 

Pro.  from  1st  Lieut.  Co.  F,  Nov.,  1862;  m.  o.  Mar.,  1865. 

Pro.  from  1st  Lieut.  Co.  B,  April,  1865;  m.  o.  with  Co. 

Appointed  Regimental  (J.  M.  Dec.  19,  1862. 

Pro.  from  2d  Lt.  Co.  D,  Dec,  1862;  as.  to  E,  June,  1863. 

Pro.  2d  Lt.  Aug.  1862;  1st  Lt.  Jan.  1863;  Capt.  K,  Nov.'64. 

Pro.  from  1st  Sergt.  Co.  B,  Jan.  1865;  m.  o.  with  Co. 

Resigned  Sept.  15,  1862. 

Pro.  from  private,  Co.  A,  Jan.  1863;  res.  Aug.  1864. 

Promoted  to  2d  Lieut.  Co.  T,  March  13,  1862. 

Mus.  as  private;  ap.  1st  Sergt.;  killed  at  Jone.sboro;  vet. 

140 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Names. 


Charles  E.  Wilcox 

Micluiel  M.  Goulden 

Geoigc  (.'.  Clmnli 

Williuin  n.  KandiUl 

tiilbi'i-t  Applftrate 

William    Lariiiiug 

ratrick  O'Ueily 

William   Krall 

John  KcUey 

Andrew  J.  IMorse 

Francis  Brunhoofer 

George  R.  Morris 

John  O'Conner 

Andrew  J.  Martin 

James  W.  Stout 

David  Finkinbrinder 

Abram^Ieer 

Valentine  Weil 

Emanuel  Summerlott -_. 

Henry  Ralph 

Leeman  8traus 

Hiram  Palmer 

Lyman  S.  Hall 

IMicliael  Lutz  

Andrew  Weigle 

Alfred  Isabel 

Eli  Shauteen 

Robert  H.  Church 

Anderson,  Thomas 

Anderson,  James 

Albinson,  John 

Blumberg,  Joseph 

Brennaman,  Harrison. 

Benner,  William 

Benner,  Eli 

Britly,  John 

Barnes,  George  R 

Brennan,  James 

Butler,  Edward 

Barton,  James  P 

Barrette,  Michael 

Butler,  William  H 

Burwell,  James 

But'er,  Anthony  J 

Consine,  Moses 

Cargette,  Jacob 

Cuddy,  William 

Carney,  John 

Conger,  Daniel 

Cook,  John 

Clark,  Smith 

Cole,  George  W 

Carney,  Samuel 

Campbell,  Whitney  I 
DeShetler,  Hubbell.,.. 

Doran,  John 

Dobbon,  John  P 

Doyle,  Michael 

Dibble,  Horace  M 

Disbrow,  Peter  W 

Derling,  Alfred  J 

Eskin,  John 

Enfleld,  Jacob   . 
Enfield,  Philip. ^.I^H"; 

Fritch,  Joseph 

Finney,  William  H  .__ 

Fry,  John  J 

Fox,  Lawson 

Foley,  Thomas 

Gallagher,  Alonson  J  . 
Gossman,  Earnest  C  ._ 
Gorsuch,  Jonathan 


Rank. 


1st  Sergt. 
Sergeant. 


Corporal. 


Wagoner. 
Private. 


20 

29 

19 

20 

IS 

19 

IS 

18 

19 

29 

25 

23 

18 

19 

18 

44 

22 

37 

24 

20 

32 

32 

19 

IS 

20 

23 

35 

23 

40 

28 

31 

23 

21 

26 

18 

38 

IS 

23 

19 

IS 

29 

18 

19 

24 

IS 

19 

20 

IS 

39 

19 

30 

IS 

21 

21 

28 

19 

2G 

42 

18 

37 

37 

28 

23 

20 

22 

IS 

34 

24 

24 

IS 

45 

19 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Aug.  17, 1861 

Sept.  IS,  1861 

Aug.  17,1861 

Aug.  17,  1S61 

Sept.  3, 1861 

Sept.  2, 1861 

Sept.  10,1861 

Sept.  2,1861 

Sept.   2,1861 

Aug.  15,1861 

Aug.  15, 1861 

Aug.  24, 1861 

Aug.  26, 1861 

Aug.  17, 1861 

Aug.  24, 1861 

Feb.  15, 1864 

Feb.  22,  1862 

Aug.  17, 1861 

Aug.  15, 1861 

Aug.  17, 1861 

Aug.  24, 1861 

Aug.  17, 1S61 

Aug.  24, 1861 

Sept.  21, 1861 

;Vug.  19,1861 

Aug.  24, 1861 

Sept.  2,  1861 

Aug.  17, 1861 

Sept.  2,  1861 

Jan.    5,  1864 

Aug.  21, 1861 

Aug.  15, 1861 

Aug.  17, 1861 

Nov.   1,  1S62 

Feb.  12, 1864 

Sept.  27, 1864 

Sept.  26, 1864 

Sept.  26, 1864 

Aug.  17,  1861 

Aug.  21,  1861 

Aug.  17, 1861 

Aug.  17,  1861 

Aug.  17, 1861 

Aug.  17, 1861 

Aug.  17, 186! 

Sept.  2,  1861 

Sept.  12, 1864 

Sept.  2,  1861 

Sept.  12, 1864 

Sept.  28, 1864 

Aug.  17, 1861 

Aug.  17,  1861 

Sei)t.  2,  1861 

Sept.  17, 1861 

Nov.  4,  1862 

Jan.  14,  1864 

Sept.  27, 1864 

Aug.  17, 1861 

Sept.  2,  1861 

Aug.  19, 1861 

Aug.  17, 1861 

Sept.  27, 1864 

Sept.  10, 1861 

Sept.  10, 1861 

Sept.  26,1864 

Sept.  28, 1864 

Aug.  10, 1861 

Aug.  27, 1861 

Nov.  10,  1862 

Sept.   2,1861 

Jan.  29,  1864 

Sept.  29, 1864 


Remarks. 


Mus.  as  private;  ap.  1st.  Sergt.  Sept.  '64;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 

Ap.  from  Corp.;  on  duty  Hd.  Qtrs.;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  vet. 

Ap.  from  Corp.;  cap.  at  Chick.;  died  Andr'ville,  Aug.'64. 

Mus.  as  private;  ap.  Sergt.  Dec.  '63;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  vet. 

Ap.  from  Corpl.  Sept.  1S()4;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  veteran. 

Ap.  from  Corpl.  Sept.  1864;  ni.  o.  with  Co.;  veteran. 

Ap.  from  Corpl.  June,  1865;  m.  o.  with  Co.  July, '65;  vet. 

Mus.  as  private;  discharged  June,  1865;  veteran. 

Ap.  from  Corpl.  June,  1865;  discharged  June, 1865;  vet. 

Promoted  to  Q-  M.  Sergt.  Feb.  1863. 

Killed  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  1863. 

Absent  Sept.  19,  1863,  for  wds.  Chick.;  m.  o.  Sept.  1864. 

Ap.  Corp.  Aug.  '63;  m.  o.  Sept.  '64,  exp.  term. 

Wounded  at  Chickamauga  ;  m.  o.  Sept.  '64,  exp.  term. 

Ap.  Corp.  Nov.  64;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  veteran. 

Ap.  Corp.  Nov.  1864;  m.  o.  with  Company. 

Ap.  Corp.  Nov.  1864 ;  m.  o.  with  Company  ;  veteran. 

Ap.  Corp.  Nov.  1864 ;  m.  o.  with  Company  ;  veteran. 

Ap.  Corp.  Nov.  1864;  m.  o.  with  Company  ;  veteran. 

Ap.  Corp.  Jan.  1865 ;  m.  o.  with  Company  ;  veteran. 

Ap.  Corp.  June,  1865  ;  m.  o.  with  Company ;  veteran. 

Transferred  to  U.  S.  Navy. 

Killed  at  Chickamauga. 

Caji.  at  Chickamauga;  died  Andersonville,  July,  '64. 

Died  Jan.  8,  1S62,  at  Lebanon,  Ky. 

Discharged  May,  1S64,  at  Detroit,  Surg,  certificate. 

Discharged  July,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Red.  from  Corp.;  disc.  Sept.  1864,  expiration  term. 

Died  Oct.  4,  1862,  at  Bacon  Creek,  Ky. 

Killecl  in  battle  at  Atlanta,  Aug.  17,  1864. 

Red.  from  Corp.;  miss.  Chickamauga;  no  other  record. 

Red.  from  Sergt.;  m.  o.  Sept.  1864,  expiration  term. 

M.  o.  on  expiration  term  of  service,  Sept.  1S64. 

Diecl  Sei)t.  1S64,  hospital  near  Atlanta. 

Iiistharged  June  7,  1865. 

Discharged  June  3,  1865 ;  substitute. 

Discharged  June,  1865  ;  substitute. 

Discharged  June,  1865 ;  substitute. 

Transferred  to  4th  U.  S.  Batterv  Feb.  1863. 

Killed  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  20,  1863. 

Killed  at  Mission  Ridge,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

Died  Sept.  9,  1862,  at  Nashville,  Teiin. 

Died  Nov.  1863,  wounds  at  Chickamauga. 

Wd.  Chickamauga;  m.  o.  Sept.  '64,  expiration  term. 

Wd.  Chickamauga;  m.  o.  Sept.  '64,  expiration  term. 

Mustered  out  with  Company;  veteran. 

Discharged  July  11,  1865;  veteran. 

Discharged  June  3,  1865 ;  substitute. 

Discharged  June  3,  1865;  substitute. 

Di.sc.  Feb.  16,  1S63,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Died  Feb.  6,  1862,  Camp  Beach  Grove,  Ky. 

Disc.  March,  1864,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Died  March  1,  1862,  at  Nashville,  Tenu. 

Mustered  out  with  Company. 

Mustered  out  with  Company. 

Di.scharged  June  3, 1865;   substitute. 

Disc.  Dec.  24,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Cap.  Chickamauga;  paroled  ;  disc.  Sept. '64,  exp. term. 

Killed  in  action  .\ug.  '64,  near  Atlanta. 

Reduced  from  Corporal. 

Discharged  June  3,  1865  ;  substitute. 

Died  Nov.  15,  1861,  at  Gallatin,  Tenn. 

Missing  at  Chickamauga.     No  further  record. 

Discharged  June  3,  1865;  substitute. 

Discharged  June  3,  1865 ;  substitute. 

Died  Nov.  30,  1862,  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Died  Nov.  23,  1861,  at  Lebanon,  Ky. 

Mi.ssing  at  Chickamauga.     No  further  record. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  12,  1864,  on  expiration  term. 

Mustered  out  Feb.  1865,  on  expiration  term;  substitute. 

Discharged  June  3,  1865  ;  substitute. 


I 
I 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— FIELD  WORK. 


141 


Names. 


Graham,  Lowery 

GilliUind,  Wilson  S 

Granger,  Joseph  A 

Herhert,  Henry 

Housey,  James  - 

Houck,  Cyrus 

Haynes,  Anderson 

Horton.  (icorge  W 

Jenkins,  John 

Jordan,  Patrick 

Johnson,  Alva  C 

Kingsley,  iNIichael 

Koka,  Beunette  H 

Kane,  James 

Lapsley,  William 

Letiler,  David 

Leere,  John 

Monimee,  Paul 

McKay,  James 

Martin,  John  M 

McDonald,  Socrates 

Miller,  John 

Owens,  Michael  J 

O'Neill,  Siuion  P 

Prince,  Charles  J 

Pershing,  AVilliam  G 

Palmer,  James  F 

Phillips,  Thomas  L 

Plout,  Joseph 

Ponsee,  Lambert 

Pratt,  Abram 

Plout,  Edward 

Philli|)s,  Thomas  H   

Powell,  Benjamin  W 

Phillips,  William  P 

Plout,  Peter 

Potter,  Hannibal  A 

Plout,  Anthony 

Rodebach,  George  W  ... 

Robideaux,  Eli 

Russell,  Jlichael 

Shanteau,  Anthony 

Starberd,  Bennette 

Steiner,  Christian 

Sullivan,  Jeremiah 

Stevens,  John 

Short,  Frank 

Shanteau,  Francis 

Shanteau,  Thomas 

Sulier,  David 

Summerlott,  John 

Stout,  Joseph 

Smith,  John 

Sheehan,  Richard 

Upell,  Charles 

Vanan,  Joseph 

Wiggins,  Joseph  A 

Wilson,  James 

Wolfe,  Hezekiah 

Winters,  Joseph  W 

Wilson,  Henry  J 

Winsell,  Frank 

Wolfe,  George  W 

Weideman,  David 


Private 


IS 
21 
2o 
IS 
IS 
22 
43 
21 
24 
85 
23 
IS 
45 
18 
32 
18 
\'.) 
1") 
21 
18 
35 
35 
18 
22 
26 
24 
29 
18 
22 
IS 
23 
18 
44 
IS 
31 
20 
41 
21 
34 
21 
20 
27 
39 
23 
25 
18 
24 
21 
28 
18 
22 
28 
19 
19 
22 
34 
45 
24 
25 
20 
24 
18 
45 
34 


Date  of 

Enteritig  the 

Sermce. 


Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Nov. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

A  ug. 

Apri' 

Jan. 

Nov. 

Aug. 

Jan. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

!\Ich. 

Sept. 

Mch. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept, 

Feb. 

Aug. 

Sept, 

Sept, 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept 

Feb. 

Aug. 

Jan. 


29, 1S64 
27, 1864 
17, 1861 
2,  1861 
26, 181)4 
2,  1861 
2,  1861 
2,  1S61 
1.5, 18G1 
2,  1861 
4,  1861 
2,  1861 
19,1864 
2,  1861 
28, 1,SI)4 
29,1864 

I7,i8(;i 

17, 1S61 
20,  1861 
24,1864 
15, 1861 
27, 1864 
10,1861 
30,  1861 
2,  1 8(il 
10,lS(il 
17,  lS(il 
130,1862 
2,  1864 
14,  1864 
15, 1861 
7,  1864 
10, 1861 

22. 1861 
10,1861 

21. 1862 
14,1861 
21,1862 
14,  1S(>1 
17, 1861 
17, 1861 
2,  1861 
10, 1861 
17,1861 
24,  lS(il 
10, 1861 
2,  1861 
2,  1861 
2,  1861 
12,  1864 
22, 1861 
10,  1861 

2,  1861 
17,1861 
17,1861 
20, 1861 
17.  1861 

10,1861 
18, 1861 
21, 1861 

2,  1861 
4,  1864 
24, 1861 
7,  1863 


Remarks. 


Discharged  June  3,  1865;  substitute. 

Di.scharged  June  3,  1865;  substitute. 

Discharged  1,S()2,  Camp  Dennison,  on  Surg,  certificate. 

Mustered  out  with  Company  ;  veteran. 

Disc.  June,  1865,  order  War  Dept.;  substitute. 

Di.sc.  Oct.  1862,  Detroit,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Disc.  Slarch,  1863,  Columbus,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Killed  at  Chickamauga,  Ga.  Sept.  20,  1863. 

Trans,  from  Co.  B,  Mar.  '64;  m.  o.  Sept.  '64  ;  e.xp.  term. 

Discharged  Dec.  19,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharged  Nov.  19,  1862,  at  Cincinnati,  Surg.  ctf. 

Wounded  Chickamauga;  m.  o.  Sept.  '64,  exp.  term. 

Discliarged  June  3,  1865,  order  War  Dept.;  drafted. 

Mustered  out  with  Company  ;  veteran. 

Disc.  June  3,  1865,  order  War  Dept.;  substitute. 

Disc.  June,  l.S()5,  onler  War  Dept.;  substitute. 

Di.scharged  Dec.  14,  1863,  order  War  Department. 

Clustered  out  with  Company  ;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  Company;  veteran. 

Disc.  June  3,  1865,  order  War  Dept.;  substitute. 

Discharged  April  7,  1862,  order  War  Dept. 

Died  May  19.  '05,  MeClellan  Ho.sp.  Philadelphia ;  sub. 

Mustered  out  with  Company  ;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  12,  '64,  expiration  term. 
ilusterc<l  out  Sept.  12,  '64,  expiration  term. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  12,  1864  ;  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  with  company  ;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Died  Jan.  27,  1865,  near  Stone  River,  Tenn. 
Disc.  .May  17,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  April  1,  1S62,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  April  1,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  Oct.  31,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Died  Feb.  29,  1864,  at  Toledo,  O. 


Discharged  April  13,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Killed  Chickamauga,  Sept.  20, 1863. 

In  hospital  May,  '63,  Danville ;  mustered  out  Sept.  '64. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  12,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  12,  ISlU,  expiration  of  term. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  12,  1864. 

Wounded  Chickamauga  ;  m.  o.  Sept.  '64,  exp.  term. 

^Mustered  out  Sept.  12,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term. 

Mustered  out  with  company  ;  veteran. 

Died  April  8,  1862,  at  Toledo,  O. 

Died  Jan.  22,  1862,  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Killed  Aug.  15,  1864,  near  Atlanta,  Ga. 

Wounded  at  Chickamauga  ;  died  Sept.  '63. 

Discharged  Nov.  1863,  at  Gallatin,  Tenn. ;  Surg.  ctf. 
Discharged  May  17,  1864,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Woundeil  Chickamauga;  m.  o.  Sept.  '64,  exp.  term. 
Captured  Chickamauga  ;  no  further  record. 
Discharged  Sept.  12,  1864,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mustered  out  with  company  ;  veteran. 

Died  April  8,  1862,  in  hospital,  at  Louisville,  Ky. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  12,  1.864,  order  War  Dept. 
^Mustered  out  July,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 
Discharged  April  1,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  Jan.  1,  1864,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 


142 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


'COMPANY  E. 


Rank 


John  W.  AVilson.- 
Pavid  A.  GleasoiK 
Marshal  Davis 


William  B.  Steedman  —  - 

William  T.  Bennett    .... 

C'liailes  15.  Mitchell 

Davi<l  F.  Fortney 

Bidderwell.  Henry 

Cosgrove,  Samuel 

Churchman.  William  ___ 

Christie,  Frederick 

Dush,  Elzy 

Gleason,  Ei-astus 

Hall,  Adam 

Hall,  Jacob  C 

Hudson,  James  P 

Haver,  James 

Hall,  Solomon 

Haynes,  Wallace  D 

Keezer,  Samuel  A 

Long,  John, 

IMillhouse,  Davison 

Myers,  Adam 

Morris,  Peter 

Morse,  John  H 

Pecliur,    Armiel 

Rollins,  Zachariah 

Roth,  John  P 

Rath,  Michael 

Reploge,  Aaron  B 

Rogers,  Alexander 

Stoner,  James  A 

Scarlett,  Edward 

Thrailkill,  Richard  H  „ 
Woodcox,  George  W 


Captain. 


1st  Lieut. 

2d  Lieut. 

Corporal. 
Private. 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

i^iince. 


Aug. 

Aug. 
Aug. 


28, 1861 
21, 1801 
21,  UStil 


Sept.  4,  18(il 


Aug. 
Sept. 
Mch, 
Jan. 
Dec. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Aug. 
Dec. 
Jan. 
Jan. 
Nov. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Jan. 
Jan. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Dec. 
Jan. 
Feb. 


21, 1861 
5, 1861 

6,  1864 
18,  1864 
10,  l.S6o 

23,  l.S(;4 
10,  18(i4 
25, 1864 
10,  18li4 

8, 1804 

8,  1S04 
15, 1864 

24.  1864 
10, 1.S64 

4,  1864 
21,  hSiil 

9,  1.S6:! 

17,  18(i4 
11,1864 
28, 18l.;3 

18,  1864 

7,  1864 

8,  1864 
15,  18(i4 
15, 1864 

8, 1884 

8,1804 

28, 1864 

6,  1864 

25, 1864 

15, 1864 


hcTnarks. 


Promoted  to  Major  January  20,  1863. 

Pro.  from  1st  Lieutenant,  Jan.  20,  1863;   dis.  Jan.  1865. 

Pro.  to  2d  Lieut.  Sept.  1861;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  A,  Mar.  1862; 

Cajit.  Co.  E,  Nov.  '64;  det.  General's  stall',  June,  '65; 

Brvt.  :Maj.  May,  '65;  m.  o.  with  Company. 
As.  to  Co.  C,  June,  '63;  Gen.'s  staff,  Julv,  '61;  m.  o.  Co.; 

vet. 
Pro.  from  1st  Sgt.  Nov.  '62;  ap.  A.  R.  il  M.  June,  "64. 
Pro.  from  Sgt.  :Maj.  May,  '64;  d.  Sept.  28,  '64,  wds.  Jones. 
Appointed  t'orporal  January  1,  1865;  m.  o.  Company. 
Mustered  out  with  Company. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Discharged  June  13,  1805,  Dennison  hospital. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mastered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Sick  at  Jeftersonville,  Ind.,  Jlay,  1865;  m.  o.  Company. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Discharged  May  23,  1865,  at  Chattanooga,  Tennessee. 
Discharged  March  (!,  1865,  at  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
Killed  at  Chickamauga,  September  111,  1863. 
Clustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  Co.  July  11,  liSOo,  War  Dept. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1805. 
Transferred  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  Sept.  27,  1864. 
Died  ^lay  27,  1864,  at  Chattanooga,  Tennessee. 
INIustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Clustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Clustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  July  11,  1865. 
Wounded  Jonesboro;  hospital,  Phila.;  m.  o.  July,  1S65. 
Discharged  June  23,  1865,  at  Camp  Dennison. 


*Only  members  in  this  Company  enlisting  at  Toledo,  are  given  here. 


COMPANY    F. 


Names. 


John  A.Chase 

James  E.  McBride 

John  I.  Clark 

Edwards.  Dodd 

William  W.  Moats 

Josiah  Johnson 

Charles  G.  Tibbits 

Sampson  A.  Hildreth  ___ 
Hezekiah  Leonardson_.  . 

Edward  Carrol 

Eli  Jacobs 

Allen  C.  Collins 

Henry  Sagmeyer 

Davis  Kirk 

John  Van  Orman 

Miner  T.  Cole 


Captain. 


1st  Lieut. 


2d  Lieut. 
1st  Sergt. 

Sergeant. 


Date  of 

Entering  tiic 

Service. 


31  !Aug.28, 1861 

19  ! Aug.  28,  1861 


29  Aug. 
29  Aug. 
22  !Aug. 
32  Aug. 
20  Aug. 
34  ,Aug. 

24  lAug. 

25  jAug. 
20  Aug. 
18  iAug. 
39  I  Aug. 
20  Aug. 
24  lAug. 
22  lAug. 


28,  US61 
28,  1861 
21,  1S61 
21, 1861 
28, 1861 
28,  ]8(il 
28, 1861 
28, 1801 
28, 1801 
28, 1801 
28, 1861 
28, 1861 
28, 1861 
28, 1861 


Rejnarks. 


Mustered  out  September  13,  1864,  on  expiration  term. 
Pro.  to  2d  Lieut,  from  2d  Sgt.  Nov.  '64;  1st  Lt.  Nov.  '64, 

Capt.  Jan.  1865.:  mustered  out  with  company;  vet. 
Promoted  to  Captain  Company  C,  November  1,  1861. 
As.  from  Co.  B,  Feb.  1863;  m.o.  Sept.  1864,  exp.  term. 
Pro.  from  1st  Sgt.  co.  E,  Jan.  1865;  m.  o.  CO.;  veteran. 
Resigned  October  7,  1862. 

Ap.  from  Cpl.  Dec.  17,  1864;  m.  o.  company;  veteran. 
Pro.  to  1st  Lieutenant,  Nov.  1864;  assigned  to  co.  K. 
.\p.  from  Corporal.  August,  1864;  m.  o.  with  co.;  vet. 
Ap.  from  Corporal,  August,  1864;  m.  o.  with  co  ;  vet. 
Ap.  from  Corporal  Dec.  1864;  m.  o.  with  co.;  veteran. 
Ap.  from  Corporal,  April,  18li5;  m.  o.  company;  veteran. 
Ap.  from  private,  Oct.  '64;  died  May,  1862,  at  Toledo. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  July  il,  1865;  veteran. 
Ap.  from  Cpl.;  killed  Aug.  '64,  in  action,  near  Atlanta. 
Discharged  May,  '65,  to  Colored  U.  S.  Troops;  veteran. 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD  WORK. 


143 


Narn^s. 


Rank. 


Henry  Archer 

William  Farley ^_ 

Charles  Van  Orraan 

David  Slaughterback 

Charles  1.  Dennis 

John  W.  Cooper 

Henry  Burilo 

Sidne}'  Wilder 

Henry  C.  Richmond 

JohnF.  McBride 

Augustus  L.  Smith 

Cornelius  O'Callahan  .  _ 

James  E.  FuUerton 

James  Barrington 

Atwell,  Joseph  A 

Applegate,  Aaron    

Atwell,  Martin  J 

Bennett,  Thomas  J 

Bunting,  Matthew 

Bunting.  Alonzo 

Bordeaux,  Alva 

Bordeaux,  Eli 

Bevelheimer,  Benjamin  I 

Buck,  Dorman 

Brint,  John 

Brint,  William 

Beeker,  William  S 

Bennette,  Perry 

Bucklin,  Hamilton 

Bunting,  Eli 

Bowker,  David  K 

Conson,  Christopher 

Capaul,  Casper 

Christian,  John  J 

Cheeney,  Uriel 

Cooper,  Marquis 

Cressey,  Alexander 

Cooper,  Robert 

Crots,  Daniel 

Cone,  William 

Clifford,  Henry 

Carrol,  James 

Case,  John  I 

Case,  Harlow  W 

Demsche,  Joseph 

Dings,  Morgan 

Edgar,  William 

Fox,  Charles  A 

Fox,  Albert 

Farley,  Daniel  H 

Frayer,  Henry  H 

Garnch,  Jasper 

Gordinier,  John  I 

Gray,  Josiah 

Gee,  Dominick 

Hopkins,  John    

Hendrickson,  Oscar 

Hardv,  Joseph  K 

Hinds,  Alfred  W 

Hinds,  Orange 

Hinds,  Egbert 

Hulse,  Lester 

Hardy,  James 

HoUoway,  Charles  O 

Harty,  Charles  F 

IngersoU,  Alva  J 

Jacobs,  Samuel    

Johnson,   John 

Kanaval,  John  H 

Kilburn,  Samuel 

Knapp,  Adelbert 

Kltchell,  William  B 


Sergeant. 
Corporal. 


Musician. 
Private. 


24 

21 
19 
20 
28 
24 
19 
18 
28 
26 
IS 
24 
19 
16 
39 
38 
19 
21 
17 
20 
16 
18 
21 
33 
25 
22 
20 
21 
29 
36 
24 
30 
22 
si 
18 
20 
26 
18 
21 
21 
28 
33 
21 
25 
28 
24 
IS 
19 
19 
22 
20 
19 
44 
21 
43 
20 
19 

50 
21 
31 

18 
19 
IS 
18 
20 
24 
27 
25 
38 
18 
21 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service, 


Remarks. 


Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Feb. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Nov. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Feb. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Feb. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Aug. 

Oct. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Dec. 

Dec. 

Feb. 

Feb. 

Aug. 

Jan 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Feb. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Dec. 

Feb. 

Aug. 

Oct. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Dec. 

Jan. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Aug. 

Feb. 

Jan. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 


28, 1861 
28, 1861 
28, 1861 
28, 1861 
2S,  1S61 
25,  1862 
28, 1861 
28, 1861 

25. 1861 
28,1801 
28,1861 
28,  1861 
28,1861 

24. 1862 
28, 1861 
28,  1S61 
13,  1864 
28, 1864 

16,  1S63 
5,  1S63 

25, 18()3 

13,1864 

28, 1861 

28, 1861 

28, 1861 

28,  1861 

5,  1863 

7,  1863 

28, 1861 

2,  1861 

28,  1861 

28,  1861 

28, 1861 

28,  1861 

17,  1863 

12,  1862 
1.3,  1S64 

9, 1S64 
28,  1861 

13,  1S64 
28, 1861 

28,  1861 
28,1861 
27,1864 
28, 1861 
28, 1861 

18,  1863 
13,  18(i4 
28, 1S61 
24,  1864 
28, 1861 
28, 1861 
28, 1861 

29,  1863 
18,  1864 
28,  1861 
28,  1861 
28, 1861 
28,1861 
28, 1 8(il  1 
28,18611 
28, 1861 ' 

9,  18621 

16. 1863 
23.  1863 
28, 1861 

2,  1864 
5,  1864 
28, 1861 
28, 1861 
28, 1861 
28, 1861 


Discharged  June  8,  1863,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Appointed  Corporal,  August,  1864;  m.  o.  co.;  veteran. 

Ap  corporal  Aug.  '64;  m.  o.  Co.;  veteran. 

Ap.  corporal  Aug.  '64;  m.  o.  Co.;  veteran. 

Ap.  corporal  Aug.  '64;  m.  o.  Co.;  veteran. 

.4p.  corporal  Aug.  '64;  m.  o.  Co.;  veteran. 

Ap.  corporal  Sept.  '64;  m.  o.  Co.;  veteran. 

Ap.  corporal  Dec.  '64;  m.  o.  Co.;  veteran. 

Ap.  corporal  April,  '65;  m.  o.  Co.;  veteran. 

Discharged  June  13,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Ap.  corporal  Sept.  1862;  m.  o.  Sept.  13,  '64;  exp.  term. 

Killed  at  L'hickamauga,  Sept.  19,  1863. 

Died  July  30,  '64,  Nashville,  wds.  Kene.saw  Mountain. 

Killed  at  Jonesboro,  September  1,  1864. 

Ab.sent  sick;  m.  o.  July,  1865. 

Killed  at  Pittsburg  Landing,  April  7,  1865. 

Discharged  March  30,  1865,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Mustered  out  with  company  .fuly  11,  1865. 

Mu.stered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  couiiiany  .lul'v  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Muistered  out  with  com])any  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  \»M,  on  expiration  term. 

Captured  at  Chickamauga;  m.  o.  Jan.  6,  1865. 

Died  Oct.  '64,  from  wounds  at  Jonesboro. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term. 

Died  Dec.  8,  '63,  wounds  at  Mission  Ridge,  Nov.  25,'63. 

Killed  in  battle  at  Jonesboro,  Sept.  1,  1864. 

Died  Dec.  5,  1861,  at  Lexington,  Ky. 

Discharged  Feb.  13,  1863,  oh  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Promoted  to  Com.  Sergeant  Dec.  17,  1863. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  wdth  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

^Mustered  out  with  comjjany  July,  1865;  veteran. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro,  Sept.  1,  1864. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro,  Ga.  Sept.  1,  1864. 

Died  July  28,  1862,  at  Tuscumbia,  Ala. 

Died  April  5,  1862,  at  Nashville,  tenn. 

Discharged  Feb.  16,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Captured  at  Chickamauga;  m.  o.  Sept.  1864. 

Died  from  wounds  at  Chickamauga. 

^Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Wounded  at  Chickamauga;  absent  .sick;  m.  o.  July, '65. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1864^  on  expiration  term. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1864,  on  expiration  term. 

Discharged  June  17,  1863,  at  Detroit,  INIich. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Jul)- 11,  1865. 

Discharged  Dec.  30,  1864,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Captured  at  Chickamauga;  mustered  out  Sept.  1864. 
Captured  at  Chickamauga;  mustered  out  Sept.  1864. 
Transferred  to  Co.  D  March  24,  1864;  veteran. 
Discharged  April  29,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  June  20,  18()2,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Killed  near  Kenesaw  Jlountain  June  17,  1864. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Cap.  at  Chickamauga;  m.  o.  Sept.  1864,  exp.  term. 
Mustered  out  with  com})any  Jul}'  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Discharged  June  18,  18(i3,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Transferred  to  Co.  I)  March  14,  1864;  veteran. 
Killed  in  battle  of  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  1863. 
Killed  in  battle  of  Chickamauga,  Ga.  Sept.  19,  1863. 


144 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Names. 


Kane,  Alexander 

Kimball,  .lolin  C 

Kaiiaval,  TlKinias 

Kaiuival,  ( 'liarle.s  S 

Kiik,  William  H 

Kiuibull,  I'hillip  A 

Latlirop,  Wilson  (' 

Lcn-k,  Simon  .1 

Messeicau,  Wallace  D. 

McMillin,  Tlieron 

Miiiison,  Kliakim 

McBride,  W.  II.  W._-. 

Munson,  Leroy    

Martin,  Gilbert  F 

Maxtield,  .John 

Jlorrow,  George 

INIangel,  Alexander 

:McBride,  Wallace  W_- 

Mangle,  Joseph 

Slorse,  Andrew  J 

Jlersereau,  Henry  P-- 
Kieholson,  ArehibokL 
Navarre,  Alexander  J_ 

Newell,    Adelbert 

Out,   John 

Ostrander,  James  N  .. 

Ostrander,  Lewis 

Pelkey,   Louis 

Pelkey,    Edward 

Pierce,    Charles 

Pierce,   Chai-les 

Parker,  Hiram 

Kunnolls,  Alonzo 

King,   Lewis 

Kay,  Henry 

Kulapaugh,  Aaron 

Surbeck,  Jacob 

Smith,   Ithamer  T 

Seyniour,  Geo.  D 

Smith,  Joseph 

Smith,  Jesse  . 

Stiickford,  Samuel 

Smith,   Milo_. 

Smith,  Porter 

Schumacher,  John  M 

Stine,  Peter  

Squires,  Edward  H. 

Shanks,  Lewis  H 

Thorp,  David  M 

Tunison.  John  P 

Tripp,   Byron 

Tunison,  William 

Thorp,    Henry 

Woodmanse,   David  W._ 

Westerman,   Josiah 

Westerman,  George  W_. 

Wood,  John  K   ._ 

Woodmanse,  John  W 

AVakely,  Thomas 

Washliurn,  Aaron 

Ward,  Francis  C 

Wilder,  James  S 

Williams,  John  P 


Kaiik. 


Private. 


10 
24 

18 
18 
10 
31 
21 
18 
10 
IS 

:u 

20 

20 

31 

22 

18 

23 

30 

18 

20 

2G 

IS 

IS 

18 

28 

17 

18 

20 

21 

26 

21 

10 

18 

19 

24 

19 

27 

20 

IS 

44 

20 

23 

30 

19 

19 

22 

19 

2.5 

22 

20 

18 

20 

24 

30 

35 

18 

22 

18 

3t> 

IS 

35 


Dale  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Kcmarks. 


Aug.  28, 1861  Died  Dec.  16,  1861,  at  Lexington,  Ky. 

Jan.    3,  1864  Died  April  22,  1864,  at  Ringgold,  Ga. 

Dec.  28,  lS(i3  Died  April  10,  1864,  at  Kinggold,  Ga. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Died  Nov.  21,  1861,  at  Mt.  Vernon,  Ky. 

Dec.  18, 1862  Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Jan.  27,  1864  Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Aug.  28,1861  Killed  in  battle  of  Utoy  Creek,  Ga.  Aug.  5, 1864. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Discharged  June  1,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Wounded  at  (!hickamauga;  absent  sick;  m.  o.  July, '65. 

Aug.  28,18()1  Transferred  to  Co.  D  ISIarch  15,  1864. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Killed  in  battle  of  Chickamauga  Sept.  19,  1863. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Died  Dec.  8,  1861,  at  Crab  Orchard,  Tenn. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Discharged  June  30,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Clustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Jan.  15, 1S64  Mustered  out  with  company. 

Jan.    7,  1864  Absent,  sick;  mu.stered  out  July  11,  1865. 

Feb.  11, 1864  Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mar.  25, 1864  Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Aug.  28,  1S61  Died  Dec.  9,  1862,  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Appointed  Q.  M.  Sergeant  Dec.  13,  18(i3. 

Aug.  11,  1862  Discharged  May  16,  1S65,  by  order  of  AN'ar  Department. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Cap.  at  Chickamauga;  died  Dec.   1863,  Danville  prison. 

Aug.  28, 1S61  Died  June  27,  1862,  at  Camp  Dennison,  O. 

Jan.  19,  1864  Absent  from  wounds;  mustered  out  July  11,  1865. 

Oct.     2,  1S61  Died  Sept.  7,  1862,  at  Na.shville,  Tenn. 

Aug.  28,1861  Transferred  to  Co.  D,  March  15,  1S64. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Captured  at  Chickamauga;  mustered  out  May,  1865. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Discharged  April  20,  1863,  by  order  War  Department. 
Aug.  28,  lS(il  Died  Aug.  1S64,  from  wds.  at  Kenesaw  Mt.;  veteran. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Discharged  April  29,  1863,  by  order  War   Department. 
Dec.  11,  1862  Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Aug.  28, 186]  Discharged  Ajiril,  1864,  for  pro.  in  U.  S.  Colored  Troops. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Died  Feb.  6,  1862,  at  Lebanon,  Ky. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Mustered  out  with  company  July  11, 1865;  veteran. 

Oct.    5,  1863  Mustered  out  with  company  July  11, 1865. 

Aug.  28,1861  Mustered  out  Sept.  13, 1864,  on  exp.  term  of  service. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Wounded  at  Chickamauga;  mustered  out  Oct.  1864. 

Aug.  28,  1861  Absent  sick;  mustered  out  July  11,  lS(i5. 

Aug.  28, 1S()1  Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1864,  on  exp.  term  of  service. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1864,  on  exp.  term  of  service. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1864,  on  exp.  term  of  service. 

Nov.  8,  1862  Transferred  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps. 

Aug.  28,1861  Transferred  to  Co.  D,  March  15,  1864;  veteran. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Died  April  16,  1862,  at  Riga,  Mich. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Absent  sick;  mustered  out  July,  1865;  veteran. 

Jan.  13, 1864  In  Rebel  prison  3  mos.  from  Sept.  1864;  m.  o.  with  Co. 

Feb.    4,1864  Mustered  out  w'ith  company  July  11,  1865. 

Jan.  13, 1864  Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Aug.  28,  1S61  Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1864",  on  exp.  term  of  service. 

Aug.  28, 1S61  Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1864,  on  exp.  term  of  service. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Red.  from  Corpl.  Oct.  1863;  m.  o.  Sept.  1864;  exp.  term. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Discharged  Aug.  12,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Oct.  14,  1862  Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1864",  on  exp.  of  term  of  service. 

Aug.  28, 1861  :\Iustered  out  Sept.  13,  1S64,  on  exp.  of  term  of  service. 

Aug.  28, 1S(;1  Appointed  Q.  ^l.  Sergt.  ]\Iarch  15,  1862. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Died  INIarch  10,  lS<i2,  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Aug.  28,1861  Died  June  IS,  1862,  near  Corinth,  Miss. 

Aug.  28,  1861  Discharged  April  24,  ]8(i2,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Aug.  28, 1861  Mustered  out  with  company  July  1 1,  lS(i5;  veteran, 

Oct.  14,  1S62  Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Feb.   4,  1864  Clustered  out  with  company  July  11,1865. 

Jan.  16,  1S64  Discharged  May  16,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— FIELD  WORK. 


145 


COMPANY   H. 


Wilbur  F.  Stopford 

Henrv  W.  Bigolow 

Robert  F.  .lust 

Joseph  B.  Newton 

Harrison  Wood 

George  E.  Murrav 

Walter  B.  Kirk.l 

Henrv  A.  Valentine 

Albert.  H.  Mohr 

Harrison  Hathaway 

Ambrose  C  Croxton 

George  H.  Rice 

John  Brown 

John  Beely __ 

John  C  Hanson J 

Wolfgang  Fnchs 

Frank  Fleck 

John  Sullton 

William  H.  Miller 

Philip  C.  Carrothers 

William  Kemp 

George  Metcalf 

William  Bergin 

John  H.  Goodman 

John  G.  Strawman 

Jonathan  Philo 

Hamond  Virtel 

John  Harmover 

John  Koon 

Levi  W.  LownsV)erry 

William  Paddock 

Joshua  R.  Lathrop 

James  McCaft'ery 

Stephen  H.  Anderson 

William  Dietrich 

Albrccht,  John  C 

Bassette,  Michael 

Barber,  Hiram  F 

Brandt,  Frank 

Blodgette,  John  M 

Barkley,  Joseph 

Bentz,  Hammond 

Bartholomew,  Frank 

Carr,  Theodore 

Cotterell,  Daniel 

Carson,  Farlington 

Cain,  Henry  D 

Carpenter,  Lyman  A 

Denicker,  Henry 

Dahoff,  Conrad 

Ellis,  Isaac  B 

Fleischman,  John 

Farley,  George  E 

Freatenborough,  James. 

Forbes,  Frederick 

Fence,  John 

Frederick,  George 

Frey,  Christian 

Forbes,  Harry 

Fifiekl,  Edward  J 

Frisby,  William 

Fuchs,  Lawrence 

Gunther,  Francis 

Grant,  Adam 

Guitzell,  Andrew 

Geyer,  Carl 

Henry,  George 


Rank. 

->! 

Captain. 

22 

u 

27 

1st  Lieut. 

24 

" 

23 

*' 

30 

2d  Lieut. 

2.T 

(1 

19 

1st  Sergt. 

21 

33 

Sergeant. 

20 

2(i 

(( 

25 

a 

21 

i( 

18 

'* 

25 

** 

33 

ti 

32 

Corporal. 

29 

u 

21 

" 

27 

" 

18 

a 

18 

a 

25 

•' 

22 

" 

23 

'* 

29 

" 

35 

" 

33 

<f 

21 

'* 

19 

" 

18 

" 

19 

" 

43 

Musician. 

19 

Wagoner. 

•>■> 

Private. 

31 

20 

IS 

21 

26 

31 

37 

20 

19 

29 

24 

20 

20 

31 

31 

39 

27 

19 

26 

16 

38 

38 

24 

21 

24 

3() 

39 

38 

.J.5 

28 

19 

43 

Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Sept. 

Aug 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sejit. 

Sept. 

Sept 

Sept. 

Feb. 

Dec. 

Jan. 

Sept. 

Sept, 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept, 

■ept. 

Sept, 

Aug. 

Sept 

Dec. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Feb. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 


1,  1861 

15,  1861 

1,1861 

18,  1861 

17, 1861 

1,  1861 

18, 1861 

1,  1861 

20, 1861 

5,  1861 

5,  1861 

5,1861 

5,1861 

5,  1861 

27, 1861 

17,  1861 

20, 1S61 

17, 1861 

5,  1864 

5,  1861 

5,  1861 

5,  1861 

5,  1861 

5,  1861 

5,  1861 

5,  1861 

1,  1861 

20,  1861 

1,  1861 

1,  18<>1 

1,  1861 

5,  1861 

1,  1861 

5,  1861 

5,  1861 

26,  1864 

8,  1864 

23,  1863 

15,  1864 

1,  1861 

26,  1864 

5,  1861 

5,  1861 

5,  1861 

20, 1861 

5,  1861 

5, 1861 

5,  1861 

20,  1861 

25,  1864 

31,  1863 

5,  1861 

1,  1861 

20, 1861 

20,  1861 

17, 1861 

17, 1861 

28,  1862 

5, 1861 

1, 1861 

5,  1861 

17,1861 

20, 1861 

5,  1861 

20,  1861 

26, 1864 

5,  18()1 


Remarks. 


Det.  as  A.  A.  G.  3d  Brg.,  3d  D.,  14th  Corps;  k.  at  Jones. 
Pro.  from  1st  Lt.  co.  I,  Nov.  1864;  m.  o.  with  Company. 
Resigne<l  February  5,  1863. 

Pro.  from  2d  Lt.  co.  B,  Feb.  '63;  ap.  Adjutant,  Aug.'63. 
Pro.  from  IstSgt.  co.  A,  Nov.  '64;  m.  o.  with  Company. 
Resigned  November  26,  1862. 

Pro.  from  1st  Sgt.  co.  B,  Nov.  '62;  killed  at  Jonesboro. 
Pro.  to  1st  Lieutenant,  Nov.  '()4,  Company  B;  veteran. 
Ap.  Sgt.  Jan.  1864;  1st  Sgt.  June,  1865;  m.  o.  CO.;  vet. 
Ap.  from  Cpl.  Dec.  1863;  wd.  Jonesboro;  m.  o.  co.;  vet. 
Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  on  exp.  of  term. 
Ap.  Cpl.  Dec.  '63;  Sgt.  Aug.  '64;  m.  o.  with  co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Cpl.  Dec.  '63;  Sgt.  Sept.  '64;  m.  o.  with  co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Cpl.  Dec.  '63;  Sgt.  June,  1865;  m.  o.  with  co.;  vet. 
Died  September  17,  1862,  at  Tyree  Springs,  Tennessee. 
Discharged  January  30,  1863,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant,  August,  181)2,  co.  A. 
Appointed  Corporal  Dec.  15,  1863;  m.  o.  with  co.;  vet. 
Appointed  Corporal  Dec.  15,  1863;  m.  o.  with  co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Corporal  November  1,  1864;  m.  o.  with  co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Corporal  November  1,  1864;  m.  o.  with  co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Corporal,  November  1,  1864;  m.  o.  with  co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Corporal,  November  1,  1864;  m.  o.  with  co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Corporal,  May  1,  1865;   m.  o.  with  compan}';  vet. 
Ap.  Corporal.  June  1,  1865;  m.  o.  with  company;  vet. 
Mustered  out  on  expiration  term,  September,  1864. 
Captured  at  Chickamauga;   mustereti  out  March,  1865. 
Died  Oct.  1863,  woimds  at  Chickamauga. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  June  11,  1865;  veteran. 
On  detail  duty;  mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 
Mu.stered  out  with  company,  June  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Ap.  Cpl.  Sept.  '64,  disc.  Dec.  '64;    wds.  in  action;  vet. 
Discharged  July  21,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Trans,  from  Field  and  Staff  Oct.  1862;  m.  o,  co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Wagoner  Nov.  1864;  mustered  out  with  co.;  vet. 
Mustered  out,  June,  1865,  substitute. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  July  11,  1865. 
Detailed  in  hospital,  Sept.  1863;  dis.  Sept.  1864. 
Mustered  out,  June,  1865;  substitute. 
Discharged  August  31,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mustered  out  with  company;   veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  on  expiration  term. 
Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  on  expiration  term. 
Captured  at  Chickamauga;  discharged  January,  18()5. 
Discharged  February  18,  1864,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  July  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  June  3,  1 865;  substitute. 
Died  June  17,  1864,  at  Chattanooga,  Tennessee. 
Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  September  12,  1.864,  on  expiration  term. 
Died  January  1,  1862,  at  Louisville,  Kentucky. 
Died  July  18,  1862,  at  Tuscumbia,  Alabama. 


Discharged  May  22,  1864,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  Sejitember  17, 1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  February  16,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Transferred  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  September  1,'63. 
Transferred  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  September  1,'()3. 
Wd.  battle  of  Utoy  Creek;  inhosp.;  m.  o.  Sept.  1864. 

Died  June  30,  1864,  at  Chattanooga,  Tennessee. 
Mustered  out  June  3,  1865;  substitute. 
Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 


146 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Nataet. 


Holmes,  John  Q 

Halbert,  Otto..- 

Hiuiinelspaugh,  Anthony 
Hartis,  William 

Hazolie,  Leonard 

Jamison,  Renwick  J 

Johnson,  Warren  S 

Kloindenst,  John 

Knntz,  Henry 

Kemp,  Maurice  M 

Leiberman,  William 

Lassner,  Jesse 

Langendorf,  Sebastiers_. 

Motz,  Joseph 

McDunel,  Henry 

Mann,  Frederick 

Meister,  Jacob 

Jlclntie,  James 

Mepbis,  Charles 

McFadden,  James 

Moletoe,  Nicholas 

Maier,  John 

McCarty,  John 

Nagley,  John 

Nicholson,  John 

Poe,  Conard 

Pelee,  Jolin 

Prummer,  John 

Pechard,  William 

Patterson,  Eugene  M__ 

Rhodie,  Frederick 

Roswinkel,  Christopher 

Ringle,  George 

Rupp,  William 

Rhodie,  Harmond 

Schaffer,  John 

Seis,  Jacob 

Spencer,  Samuel 

Schenaway,  Lewis 

Schamberger,  Michael  _ 
Schevalier,  Abraham  A. 

Sheil,  William 

Smith,  John 

Stevenson,  James  D 

Short,  Frank 

Samse,  William 

Teiterman,  Charles 

Vaska,  Joseph 

Volkstaedt,  Frederick  __ 

Winnie,  Gotleib 

Weitzel,  Henry 

Warder,  John 

Weitzel,  John 

Waggoner,  John 

Wickham,  James 

Wheaton,  Joseph 


Rank. 


Private. 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Remarks. 


Sept.  5,1861 
Oct.  23,1862 
Mch.  5,1862 
Sept.24,  1864 
Sept.  5,  1S61 
Jan.  23, 186-1 
Sept.  5, 1801 
Sept.27,  1864 
Sept.27,  1864 
Jan.  23,  lK(i4 
Aug.  17, 1.S61 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Sept.  5,1861 
Sept.  26, 1864 
Sept.  5,1861 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Sept.  5,1861 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Feb.  3, 1864 
Jan.  22,  1864 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Jan.  30,  1864 
Aug.  20,  1861 
Sept.  1, 1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Sept.  1,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Sept.  9, 1863 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Sept.  1, 1861 
Jan.  5, 1863 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  17,1861 
Feb.  14, 1865 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Mch.  1, 1862 
Jan.  22,  1864 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 
Sept.  5,1861 
Sept.  1, 1861 


Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  on  expiration  term. 
Cap.  at  Chick.;  d.  Andersonville  Prison,  July,  1864. 
Discharged  March  27,  1865,  on  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  June  3,  1865;  substitute. 
Wd.  in  action,  June,  '64;  dis.  June,'()5,  Surg,  eft.;  vet. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  July  11,  1865. 
Promoted  to  Hospital  Steward,  June  23,  1863. 
Mustered  out  June  3,  1865;  substitute. 
Mustered  out  June  3,  1865;  substitute. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Wounded  Aug.  7,  '64;  in  ho.sp.;  m.  o.  Sept.  12,  1864. 

Mustered  out  June  3,  1865;  substitute. 

Trans,  to  Veteran  Engineer  Corps,  September  10,  '64. 

Discharged  July  5,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharged  July  17,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharged  September  16,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  eft. 

Trans,  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  April  30,  1864. 

Cap.  Aug.  29,  '64;  escaped  Nov.  '64;  m.  o.  co.;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  company,  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company,  July  11,  1865. 

Discharged  July  5,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharged  July  17,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Wd.  Chickamauga;  in  hospital;  m.  o.  September,  1864. 

Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  on  expiration  term. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  expiration  term. 

Discharged  September  20,  1864,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Utoy  Creek,  August  5,  1864. 

Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  expiration  term. 
Wd.  Chickamauga;  in  hospital;  m.  o.  September,  1864. 
Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  expiration  term. 
Mustered  out  September  22,  1864,  expiration  term. 
Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  July  11,  1865. 

Discharged  June  9,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Trans,  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  April  30,  1864. 
Trans,  to  Co.  C,  4th  U.  S.  Cavalry,  December  1,  1862. 
Cap.  Chickamauga;  died  Andersonville,  May  17, 1864. 
Discharged  May  23,  1803,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mustered  out,  August,  1865,  Springfield,  111.;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  July  11,  1865. 
Trans,  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  November  1,  1863. 
Promoted  to  Principal  Musician,  June  30,  1863. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  July  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustei-ed  out  September  22,  1864,  expiration  term. 
Cap.  Chickamauga;  died  Andersonville,  Nov.  16,  1864. 
Discharged  March  16,  1863. 


COMPANY    I. 


Names. 


John  W.  McCabe 
William  B.  Pugh.. 

Josiah  Farmington 
Henry  W.  Bigelow 


Rank. 

Captain. 

59 

(( 

25 

Ist  Lieut. 

34 

ii 

23 

Bate  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Sept.  5,1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 

Sept.  5,1861 
Aug.  15, 1861 


jRemorts. 


Resigned  May  2,  1862. 

Pro.  from  2d  Lt.  co.  A,  Nov.  '62;  to  A.  A.  G.  3d  Brg.  3d 

Div.  14th  Corps;  mustered  out  with  company. 
Resigned  May  2,  1862. 
Pro.  to  2d  Lt.  from  1st  Sgt.  co.  C,  Mar.  '62;  1st  Lt.  co. 

H,  November,  1864.  


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD  WORK. 


147 


Names. 


Andrew  J.  Morse 

Jesse  Trapp 

Alexander  Walp 

Nathaniel  0.  Cobb 

John   E.  Teal 

Oscar  N.  Gunn 

James  F.  Pray 

Thomas  Litchfield 

Charles  B.  Mitchell 

Edward   Sly 

George  Smith 

Thomas  Johnson 

David  Soper 

John  H.  Bateman 

John  Welch 

Alfred  O.  Gunn 

Peter  Breidling 

Matthew  Scott 

Owen  T.  Williams 

William  Gaunt 

Fredrick  Jaberg 

Hiram   Davis 

John  Cable 

Daniel  Heffelbower 

Travis  Adams 

Jonathan  Miller 

Wiley  Hamilton 

William  O.  Butler 

John  Foster 

Herman  Hanson 

Benjamin   F.  Kerr 

James  E.  Wildy 

William  H.  Haynes 

Thomas  Wolfinger 

Levi  McMulleu 

Abbott,   James  H 

Bateman,  Peter 

Berry,   Edward 

Birch,  Charles 

Bott,    William 

Brown,  John  W 

Bulger,   Lorenzo 

Buzzard,  Jacob 

Burton,  George 

Bloom,  Charles  A 

Brown,  Benedict 

Barges,  William 

Benjamin,  Nathan  AV 

Bronson,  John  P 

Berger,    Jacob 

Bowser,  Josiah 

Cronise,  Thomas  J 

Cressey,  Mason 

Cressey,  Josiah 

Clark,   Leroy  E :'. 

Coder,  Noah  W 

Cable,   George 

Clarkson,  Charles 

Criplive,  JohnW 

Davis,  Samuel 

Denning,   William 

Day,  Newton 

Dark,  AVilliam  H 

Dell,  McDonald 

Dobson,  Daniel 

Dorsey,   Hamilton 


Rank. 


1st  Lieut. 


2d  Lieut. 


1st  Sergt. 


Sergeant. 


Corporal 


Private. 


36 

24 

41 
26 

18 
24 
19 
19 

22 
25 

19 
19 
18 
21 
19 
24 
21 
24 
20 
18 

21 
18 
20 
18 
18 
20 
18 
18 
48 
20 
19 
25 
19 
21 
33 
21 
19 

33 

22 
18 
21 
18 
18 
18 
25 
21 
41 
29 
18 
19 
18 
32 
23 
20 
18 
18 
18 
18 
18 
18 
23 
18 
22 
26 
24 
30 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Aug.  16, 1861 
Sept.  5,1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 
Aug.  17, 1861 

Sept.  5,  lS6l 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5,  1861 

Nov.  19, 1863 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Sept.  5,1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Feb.  1,  1864 
Jan.  IS,  1864 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Jan.  11,  1864 
Jan.  25,  1864 
Sept.  28, 1864 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Feb.  12,  1864 
Sept.  28, 1864 
Sept.  17, 1863 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,1861 
Sept.  5,1861 
Feb.  26, 1862 
Feb.  11,  1864 
Jan.  13, 1864 
Jan.  28,  1864 
Sept.  27, 1864 
Sept.  26, 1864 
Sept.  26, 1864 
Feb.  9,1864 
Sept.  24,1864 
Sept.  27,1864 
Sept.  27,1864 


Scmarks. 


Pro.  from  Q.  M.  Sgt.  Nov.  '64;  ap.  Adjutant,  Jan.  '65. 
Ap.  1st  Sgt.;  pro.  Sgt.  Maj.,  July,  '64;  1st  Lt.  Jan.  '65; 

mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 
Resigned  Nov.  15,  1861. 
Pro.  from  1st  Sergt.  A,  Oct.  '62;  died  Oct.  '64;  wounded 

at  Jonesboro. 
Appointed  Sergt.  Major  Feb.  10,  1863. 
Promoted  to  2d  Lieut.  Co.  D,  Dec.  1862. 
Ap.  from  Sgt.  July,  1864:  killed  at  Jonesboro,  Sept.  '64. 
Ap.  Corj)!.  Jan.  186.'!;  Sergt.  Sept.  1864;  1st  Sergt.  April, 

1865;  mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 
Wounded  at  Jonesboro;  died  at  Atlanta,  Oct.  1864. 
Ap.  from  Corpl.  June,  1863;  captured  at  Chickamauga; 

in  Richmond  prison;  m.  o.  Sept.  1864,  exp.  term. 
Ap.  Jan.  1863;  wd.  at  Chick.;  m.  o.  Sept.'64,  exp.  term. 
Ap.  Corpl.  Feb.  '64;  Sergt.  Sept.  '64;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Corpl.  May, '64;  Sergt.  Nov.  '64;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Corpl.  May,'64;  Segt.  April, '65;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Corpl.  May, '64;  Sergt.  April, '65;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  vet. 
Died  Nov.  25,  1861,  at  Lexington,  Ky. 
Ap.  Corpl.  Sept.  1864;  mustered  out  with  Co.;  veteran. 
Ap.  Corpl.  Jan.  '63;  cap.  at  Chick.;  m.  o.  Co.  exp.  term. 
Ap.  Corpl.  Nov.  1862;  m.  o.  Sept.  1864,  exp.  of  term. 
Ap.  Corpl.  Jan.  1863;   captured  at  Chickamauga;  died 

in  Andersonville,  July,  1864. 
Ap.  Corporal  Sept.  1864;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  veteran. 
Ap.  Corporal  Nov.  1,  1864;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  veteran. 
Ap.  Corporal  Nov.  1,  1864;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  veteran. 
Ap.  Corporal  Nov.  1,  1864;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  veteran. 
Ap.  Corporal  Nov.  20,  1864;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  veteran. 
Ap.  Corpl.  Nov.  '64;  wd.  head  Jonesboro;  m.  o.  Co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Corporal  May,  1865;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  veteran. 
Discharged  April  30,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Di.scharged  April  30,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  Oct.  22,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  Aug.  22,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  April  5,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  May  4,  .1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Transferred  to  U.  S.  Engineer  Corps,  Aug.  15,  1864. 
Ap.  Corporal  Sept.  1,  1864;  died  Dec.  18,  1864. 
Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 
Captured  at  Chickamauga;   escaped  through  tunnel  at 

Libby,  April,  1864;  m.  o.  exp.  of  term,  Sept.  1864. 
Captured  at  Chick.;  in  Andei'sonville;  m.  o.  Jan.  1865. 
Captured  at  Chick.;  in  Andersonville;  m.  o.  Jan.  1865. 
Mu.stered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  18()5. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Absent  sick;  mustered  out  June  29,  1865. 
Died  March  22,  1862,  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Discharged  March  3,  1864,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  Oct.  28,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  June  21,  1865,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mustered  out  June  3,  1865;  substitute. 
Mustered  out  June  23,  1865. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  12, 1864,  on  exp.  of  term  of  service. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga,  Ga.  Sept.  19,  1863. 
Discharged  Sept.  5, 1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Wd.  at  Jonesboro;  left  arm  amputated;  dis.  March,  '65. 
Discharged  Sept.  5, 1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  June  3,  1865,  order  War  Dept.;  sub. 
Mustered  out  June  3, 1865,  order  War  Dept.  sub. 
Trans,  to  5th  U.  S.  Col.  Infantry,  May,  '65;  substitute. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Absent,  sick;  mustered  out"  July,  1865;  substitute. 
Absent,  sick;  mustered  out  July,  1S65;  substitute. 
Absent,  sick;  mustered  out  July,  1865;  substitute. 


148 


BISTORT  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Namet. 


Evans,  Thomas 

Ebbert,  David 

Estell,   Emil 

Frost,  William  B 

French,  Frank  H 

Farmer,  Joseph 

Foley,   Joseph 

Foster,  Richard  W 

Foster,  Christopher — 

Greene,  John 

Goodwin,  Oliver  R 

Geesl)aeli,  Benedict  — 

Crockett,  Samuel 

Gunn,  Leonard  H 

Geyser,  William 

Graham,  William 

Hepp,  Jacob 

Howser,  John 

Hanford,  Charles 

Haines,  Henry 

Huftill,  Abraham 

Huyck,  Saunders  M 

Hart,  Henry  C 

Hefflehower,  Simon,  __ 
Henderson,  Edward  ,_ 

Huftill,  Benjamin 

Holt,  Williams 

Jenkins,  Smith 

Jay,  George  E 

Jenkins,  John 

Kerr,  Thomas 

Knapp,  Albert 

Limbrick,  John 

McClelland,  John 

Myers,  I-eonard 

Moody,  Edward 

Marker,  William 

Marker,  Thomas 

Monahan,  Joseph 

McDermott,   Cornelius 

McLaughlin,  John 

Miller,  William 

Nelson,  David 

Newton,  Charles  W 

Newton,  John  G 

Orcutt,  Curtis  J 

Parkey,  Gabriel  B 

Potter,  Edgar  F 

Quiggle,  Ozro  F 

Reed,  Anson  A 

Ray,  Julius 

Ragan,  James 

Reed,  Edwin  F 

Roush,  George  W 

Ruckle,  Henry  C 

Ruckle,  David 

Richter,  Julius 

Reader,  Levi 

Smith,  Ossian  W 

Seibring,  William 

Strayer,  John 

Snyder,  George ._ 

Swift;,  George 

Slater,  Daniel 

Sly,  Robert 

Spade,  Isaac 

Sly,  Edward  R 

Stewig,  William 

Strayer,  Daniel 

Switzer,  George 

Trumbull,  William  _ 
Trumbull,  Rufus  H  ._. 


Rank. 


Private, 


40 

18 
20 
19 
27 
29 
24 
19 
19 
18 
28 
42 
35 
21 
20 
26 
18 
23 
18 
21 
19 
35 
29 
18 
18 
27 
21 
29 
18 
24 
18 
21 
18 
25 
25 
20 
20 
18 
18 
35 
29 
31 
18 
18 
19 
18 
19 
33 
18 
21 
21 
26 
18 
18 
19 
20 
31 
18 
21 
24 
18 
23 
26 
42 
18 
23 
18 
19 
20 
18 
19 
18 


Dote  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Sei>t.  5,1861 
Feb.  11, 1864 
Feb.  n,  1864 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Sept.  27, 1864 
Sept.  27, 1864 
Jan.  20, 1864 
Feb.  11,  1864 
Sept.  25,1863 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1801 
Sept.  27, 1864 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Nov.  25, 1864 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Nov.  1,  1861 
Jan.  29,  1864 
Feb.  3,1864 
Jan.  28,  1864 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Feb.  3,  1864 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Oct.  9, 1862 
Oct.  24,  1862 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Jan.  IS,  1864 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Feb.  11,1864 
Nov.  20, 1862 
Mar.  4,  1864 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Jan.  16,  1864 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Sept..  5, 1861 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Feb.  3,1864 
Jan.  11,  1864 
Jan.  12,  1864 
Nov.  16, 1863 
Jan.  12,  1864 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Feb.  12, 1864 
Sept.  17,1863 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Feb.  26, 1864 
Sept.  5,1861 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Sept.  .5,1861 
Dec.  15, 1863 
Jan.  29,  1864 
Jan.  22,  1864 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Feb.  20,  1864 
Oct.  24,  1862 
Sept.  5, 1861 
Feb.  11,1864 


Remarks. 


Mustered  out  Sept  12,  1864,  exp.  term  of  service. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Discharged  Nov.  30,  1S61,  on  Surgeon's  certiticate. 
Trans,  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps  April  30,  1S64. 
Mustered  out  June  3,  1865;  substitute. 
Mustered  out  June  3,  1865;  substitute. 
Mu.stered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Mastered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Died  Jan.  30,  1865,  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Trans,  to  l.st  U.  S.  Engineer  Corps  Aug.  1862. 
Wd.  at  Chickamauga;  m.  o.  Nov.  '64,  Columbus. 
Mu.stered  out  June  3,  1865;  suh.stitute. 
Died  Nov.  19,  1861,  at  Lexington,  Ky. 
Mu.stered  out  with  company;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company;  substitute. 
Captured  at  Chickamauga;  mustered  out  Jan.  1865. 
Died  July  4,  1862,  at  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Died  Oct.  6,  1863,  from  wounds  at  Chickamauga. 
Discharged  July  15,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharged  March  18,  1864;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  w'ith  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Missing  Sept.  20,  1863.     No  further  record. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Trans,  to  1st  U.  S.  Engineer  Corps  Aug.  15,  1864. 

Trans,  to  3.5th  O.  V.  L  Jan.  '65;  m.  o.  Co.;  veteran. 

Trans,  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps  April  9,  1864. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Discharged  Dec.  31,  1861,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharged  May  22,  1863,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharged  Nov.  22,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Died  Nov.  17,  1S6],  at  Lexington,  Ky. 

Killed  on  picket  line,  front  of  Atlanta,  Aug.  8,  1S64. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Killed  in  battle  at  Chickamauga  Sept.  19,  1863. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Disc.  June,  1865,  Surgeon's  certificate;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Killed  Nov.  22,  1864,  near  Milledgeville,  Ga. 

Cap.  at  Chickamauga;  m.  o.  Jan.  1865,  at  Columbus. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Wounded  in  face  at  Jonesboro  Sept.  1,  '64;  m.  o.  Co. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 

Died  of  wounds  at  Kenesaw  Mountain,  June,  1864. 

Died  Sept.  30,  1.S64,  from  wounds  at  Jonesboro. 

Killed  in  battle  at  Jonesboro  Sept.  1,  1864. 

Killed  June  16,  1864,  at  Kenesaw  Mountain. 

Died  Oct.  9,  1866,  wounds  received  at  Chickamauga. 

Died  April  11,  1864,  near  Atlanta,  Ga. 

Discharged  Dec.  12,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  May  2,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  June  9,  1865,  order  \\'ar  Department. 
Mustered  out  May  29,  1865;  substitute. 
Mustered  out  witli  company  July  11,  1865. 
Wd.  at  Jonesboro;  in  hosp.;  ui.  o.  July,  '65;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865. 
Wounded  at  Chickamauga;  m.  o.  company  July  11, '65. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  12,  1864,  on  expiration  term. 
Wounded  at  Chickamauga;  m.  o.  company  July  11, '65. 


J 


THE  WAR  OP  THE  REBELLION— FIELD   WORK. 


149 


iVa?«cs, 


Van  Fleet,  Henry  C__ 
Wagner,  Benjamin  F_ 

West,  Isaac  B 

Wolflnger,  William  __ 

Wood,  William  H 

Winchell,  Eli 

Wood,  Jonathan 

Wood,  .James 

Webber,  Otto 

Wetmore,  Peter 

Weigel,  Charles 

Wyman,  Frederick  __ 

Yager,  George 

Zook,  Joseph  ___    


Date  of 

Rank. 

Entering  the 
Service. 

Private. 

19 

Sept.  5,  1861 

19 

Sept.  5,  1861 

0'> 

Sept.  5, 1861 

19 

Sept.  5,  1861 

20 

Sept.  5, 1861 

22 

Sept.  5,1851 

62 

Sept.  5,  1861 

IS 

Sept.  5,  1861 

20 

Feb.   2,  1864 

13 

Sept.  5,  1861 

21 

Fe3.    9,  1864 

21 

Feb.   4,  1864 

20 

Sept.  5, 1861 

22 

Sept.  5, 1861 

Remarks. 


Cap.  at  Chickamanga;  now  in  Monclova. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  12,  1864,  on  expiration  term. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  12,  1864,  on  expiration  term, 
Wd.  at  Chickam.auga;  in  hospital;  m.  o.  Sept.  1864. 
Discharged  Sept.  5,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  March  12,  1864,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Transferred  to  Co.  A,  Nov.  1,  1862. 
Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865;  substitute. 
Mustered  out  witli  company  July  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865;  substitute. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  11,  1865;  substitute. 
Died  Nov.  13,  1863,  from  wounds  at  Chickamauga. 


KOLL  OF  HONOR,  FOUETEENTH  REGIMENT,  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY. 


Name. 


AUtop,  Benjamin 

Anderson,  William 

Applegate.  Aaron 

Anderson  James 

Armstrong,  Thomas 

Ballinger,  David 

Bogart,  William  J 

Bowers,  Stephen 

Bowers   Francis  M 

Bushing,  George 

Barton,  John  P 

Barrett,  Michael 

Baldwin,  Harlow  M 

Brichfield,  Eli 

Burchfield,  Aaron  H 

Boyer,  Lemuel  R 

Burvvell,  James 

Bowen,  Robert 

Beeker,  William  S 

Byers,  George  A 

Belford,  William 

Bruker,  George 

Barr,  Amos 

Bueklin,  Hamilton 

Borden,  Edward 

Ballinger,  George 

Brown,  Henry  A 

Beard,  Daniel 

Butler.  William  H 

Bowers,  Solomons...    _. 

Brint,  John 

Barrington,  James 

Brumhoofer.  Francis 

Bennett,  Perry 

Benuor.  William 

Black,  Walter  W 

Bartell.  Harvey  B 

Bowers,  William  H 

Brendle,  Joseph  E 

Brown,  Benedict 

Beal.  Robert 

Bates,  Henry 

Bixley,  Charles  W 

Cobb,  Nathaniel  O 

Conard,  John  Q.  A 

Cressey,  Mason 

Church,  George  C 


Co. 


Private. 


Sergeant. 
Private. 


Corporal 
Private. 


Corporal. 
Private. 

u 

Sergeant. 

Private. 

(( 

Corporal. 


Private. 

Corporal. 

Private. 


2d  Lieut. 
Private. 

Sergeant. 


Died. 


May  23, 
Sept.  19, 
April  14 
Aug.  17, 
Oct.  4, 
Sept.  19, 
Sept.  19, 
Julv  5, 
Oct".  7, 
July  28, 
Sept.  20, 
Nov.  25, 
Dec.  4, 
Sept.  27, 
Mav  16, 
Sept.  23, 
Nov.  1, 
Jan.  2, 
Dec.  3, 
Dec.  8, 
Sept.  19, 
Sept.  19, 
Nov.  28, 
Dec.  5, 
Feb.  27, 
Feb.  9, 
Sept.  19, 
Dec.  16, 
Sept.  9, 
Sept.  19, 
Oct.  12, 
Sept.  1, 
Sept.  19, 
Sept.  1, 
Sept.  25, 
Nov.  29, 


Buried. 


1862  Corinth,  Miss... 

1863  Chattanooga,  Tenn 
,1862Shiloh,  Tenn 

1864  Marietta,  Ga 

1862  Louisville,  Ky 

1863  Chattanooga,  Tenn 
1863  Chattanooga,  Tenn 
1863  Nashville,  Tenn 

1863  Chattanooga,  Tenn 

1864  Columbus,  O 

1863  Chattanooga,  Tenn 

1863  Chattanooga,  Tenn 

1861  Lebanon,  Ky 

1864  Andersonville,  Ga. 

1862  Jeff.  Barrracks,Mo. 

1863  Chattanooga,  'Tenn 

1863  Chattanooga,  Tenn 

1864  Chattanooga,  Tenn 
1863  Chattanooga,  Tenn 
1863  Chattanooga,  Tenn 

1863  Marietta,  Ga 

1863'Marietta,  Ga 

1861  Lexington,  Ky 

1861|Lexington,  Ky 

1862iLehanon,  Ky 

1864, Toledo,  O 

1863  Chattanooga,  Tenn 
1863  Nashville,  Tenn  _. 

1862  Nashville,  Tenn  _. 
1863' Chattanooga,  Tenn 
1864 1  Nashville,  Tenn  _. 

1864jMarietta,  (ia 

1863:;\Iarietta,  Ga 


Remarks. 


1864 
1864 
1863 


Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga._ 


Sept.  10, 1864  Marietta,  Ga 

July  20,  1864  Marietta,  Ga 

Sept.    1, 1864  Marietta,  Ga 

Mar.  22, 1862;Nashville,  Tenn  _. 
Jan.  25,  1865|New  Albany,  Ind. 
Aug.  28, 1864'Nashville,  Tenn  .. 

May    9,  1862  Cincinnati,  O 

Oct.     3,  1864  Marietta,  Ga 

July  14,  1864  Andersonville,  Ga. 
Sept.  19, 1863  Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Aug.  18, 1864  Andersonville,  Ga. 


At  Hamburg,  Miss. — disease. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Wounds  in  battle  April  7,  1862. 
Killed  in  battle  near  Atlanta. 
Disease.     Cave  Hill  Cemetery. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Died  of  chronic  diarrhtea. 
Of  wounds  at  battle  Chickamauga. 
Disea.se.  In  Green  Lawn  Cemetery. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Killed  at  battle  Missionary  Ridge. 
Died  of  congestion  of  lungs. 
Cap.  Chickamauga;   died  in  prison. 
Died — disease. 

Of  wounds  at  Cliickamauga,Sept.'63. 
Wounds  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  '63. 
Died — disease. 

Wds.  at  Missionary  Ridge,  Nov.  '63. 
Wounds  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  '63. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Died — disease.     City  Cemetery. 
Died— disease.     City  Cemetery. 
Died  in  hospital,  typhoid  fever. 
Died  at  Antwerp,  "o. — disease. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Died  of  chronic  diarrhoea. 
Died— disease. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Of  wounds  at  battle  of  Joncsboro. 
Killed  at  liattle  of  Jonesboro. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 
Died  in  hosp.  near  Atlanta — disease. 
Wd.  and  cap.  at  Chickamauga;  died 

in  Rebel  prison,  Atlanta. 
Of  wounds  battle  Atlanta,  July,  '64. 
Killed  at  battle  Peachtree  Creek. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 
Died — disease. 
Disease.     In  City  Cemetery. 
Died — disease. 

Disease.     Spring  Grove  Cemetery. 
Wd.  battle  of  Jonesboro,  Sept.  '64. 
Cap.  at  C  hickamauga;  died  in  prison. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Cap.  at  Chickamauga;  died  in  prison. 


150 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Name. 


Co 


Carroll,  James 

Cook,  Harrison 

Cole,  George  W 

Cluckey,  John 

Campbell,  Whitney  I  - 

Clark.  Henry  C 

Clifford,  Henry 

Cone,  William 

CoUard,  Arthur  L 

Case,  John  I 

Click,  Joseph 

Cook,  George 

Clements,  Andrew  B.. 

Cain,  John 

Conn.  James 

Davis,  Thomas 

Dings,  Morgan 

Dudley,  Joseph 

Davis,  Charles 

Ditzler,  John 

Davidson,  Isaac 

Davit,  Charles  E 

Davis,  William  H 

Disbrow,  Peter  W 

Davis,  Andrew  J 

Doring,  Reuben  F 

Enfield,  Jacob 

Edsul,  William 

Ellis,  Isaac  B 

Fry,  John  J 

Fox,  Lawson 

Fox,  Isaiah 

Featheringale,  John  B-_ 

Fuller,   Reuben  M 

Fleming,  Edwin  D 

Forest,  Joseph  A 

FuUerton,  James  E 

Frentenburg,  James 

Forbes,    Frederick 

Gaunt,   William 

Gutherie,    Sanford 

Guitzell,  Andrew 

Glancy,  Da\ad  M 

Gunn,  Alfred  O 

Gunn,  Leonard 

Gordon,  Jonathan  C 

Gordon  Reynold 

Green,  John 

Gillman,  John 

Grubb,  Abraham  _ 

Gilbert,  Thomas  W 

Gilbert,  Uriah 

Graham,  William I_. 

Hepp,  John 

Halbert,  Otto 

Hudson,   Milton  ._ 

Hall,  Lyman  S 

Harrison,  John  W.__II 

Hanford,  Charles I 

Howser,  John '_ 

Haver,  John     "~" 

Heatlev,  William' 

Holtzell,  Jacob 

Hoover,   Wilham 

Hanson,  Christian 

Horton,  George  W 

Hanson,  John  C 

Huntley,  Albert  H.I_~ 

Hazelitt,  John  F 

Hendrix,  Philomen ' 

Hulse,  Lester 

Harris,  Weedon  H._II"I 

Harmover,   John I 

Jones,  Wheehng  A  __!' 


Rank. 


F 

Private. 

K 

(( 

C 

(( 

B 

it 

C 

11 

D 

(( 

F 

(< 

F 

u 

B 

(< 

F 

(( 

D 

(( 

K 

(( 

D 

Corporal. 

E 

Private. 

K 

(( 

D 

(( 

F 

(( 

B 

(( 

B 

(( 

K 

(( 

K 

(( 

B 

Corporal. 

B 

Private. 

C 

(( 

A 

ti 

G 

Corporal. 

C 

Private. 

D 

" 

H 

(( 

C 

(( 

C 

(( 

D 

ft 

K 

K 

K 

(< 

K 

Corporal. 

E 

Private. 

F 

Corporal. 

H 

Private. 

H 

" 

I 

Corporal. 

K 

Private. 

H 

" 

K 

Sergeant. 

i 

(( 

I 

Private. 

G 

Sergeant. 

G 

Private. 

I 

" 

A 

Sergeant. 

E 

Private. 

A 

Sergeant. 

A 

Private. 

E 

Sergeant. 

A 

Private. 

H 

(( 

K 

(( 

0 

Corporal. 

B 

Private. 

I 

" 

I 

" 

E 

(i 

E 

(( 

E 

(( 

G 

(( 

G 

(t 

C 

11 

H 

Sergeant. 

B 

Corporal. 

G 

Private. 

D 

(1 

F 

(( 

E 

Corporal. 

H 

u 

E 

Private. 

DM. 


Buried. 


July  28, 1862 
Mar.  28, 1864 
Feb.  6,1862 
Dec.  6,  1861 
Mar.  1,  1862 
Sept.  1,  1864 
Sept.  1,  1864 
Sept.  1,  1864 
April  20,1862 
April  5, 1862 
Oct.  24,  1862 
Feb.  2,  1862 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Sept.  20, 1863 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Aug.  7,  181)2 
Sept.  19,186:; 
Mar.  26, 1862 
Nov.  7,  1861 
June  19, 1863 
Sept.  1,1864 
Aug.  8, 1864 
Aug.  8,  1864 
Aug.  10, 1864 
Sept.  20, 1863 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Nov.  15, 1861 
Oct.  IS,  1863 
June  17, 1864 
Nov.  30, 1862 
Nov.  23, 1861 
Sept.  8,1862 
Sept.  19, 1863: 
Julv  1,  1862 
Sept.  19, 1863 
June  6,  1862 
July  30,  1864 
Jan.  1,  1862 
July  18, 1862 
July  12, 1864' 
Feb.  22, 1862 
June  30, 1864 
Dec.  24,  1861 
Nov.  25, 1861 
Nov.  19, 1861 
May  10,  1862 
Aug.  3, 1864 
Jan.  30,  1865 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Sept.  2,  1862 
Oct.  22,  1863 
Sept.  6,  1864 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Julv  2,  1864 
Dec.  2,  1861 
Sept.  20, 1863: 
Feb.  20, 1864| 
Oct.  6,  1863 
July  4,  18621 
April  4,  1864i 
Sept.  1,  1864' 
Dec.  4,  18631 
Mch.  9,  1864! 
July  16,  1862: 
Sept.  20, 186:i 
Sept.  17, 1862; 
Oct.  23,1864: 
Sept.  2,  1864 
Sept.  4,  1864 
June  17, 1864 
Sept.  1,  1864 
Oct.  19,  ISii.'. 
April  4,  1862 


Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Louisville,  Ky 

Lexington,  Ky 

Nashville,  Tenn  _. 

Mai-ietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Mound  City,  I1L_- 
Nashville,  Tenn  __ 
Nashville,  Tenn  __ 
Nashville,  lenn  __ 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Louisville,  Ky 

Loudon,  Ky 

Nashville,  Tenn  ._ 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Nashville,  Tenn. 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Nashville,  Tenn.. 

Lebanon,  Ky 

Nashville,  Tenn  _ 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Corinth,  Miss 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Nashville,  Tenn._ 
Nashville,   Tenn._ 

Louisville,  Ky 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Andersonville,  Ga. 
Nash'^'ille,  Tenn__ 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Lexington,  Ky_ 
Lexington,   Ky_ 

Lexington,    Ky 

Nashville,  Tenn. - 
Nashville,  Tenn... 
Nashville,  Tenn  .. 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Nashville,  Tenn... 
Nashville,  Tenn... 

Marietta,    Ga 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Andersonville,  Ga. 

Cincinnati,  O 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Cincinnati,  O 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Nashville,  Tenn.. 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Nashville,  Tenn 

Louisville,  Ky 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Nashville,  Tenn__ 
Nashville,   Tenn._ 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta.  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Chattanooga,  Tenn; 
Cincinnati.  O i 


Remarks. 


Died  at  Tuscumbia,  Ala. — disease. 

Died  Ringgold;  wds.  in  bat.Nov.'63. 

D.  at  Camp  Beach.    Cave  Hill  Cem. 

Died — disease.     City  Cemetery. 

Died— disea.se. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 

Died  at  Shiloh,  Tenn. — disease. 

Died— disease. 

Died — disease. 

Died  of  chronic  diarrhoea. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Kille<l  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Killed  near  Huntsville,  Ala. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Disea.se.  In  Cave  Hill  Cemetery. 

Died  in  hospital — disease. 

Disc.  June  5,  '63,  Surg,  certificate. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 

Wds.  battle  Kingston,  May  18,  '64. 

Killed  in  action  near  Atlanta. 

Killed  in  action  near  Atlanta. 

Tr.  to  V.V.Eng.  K. at  Chickamauga. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Died  of  fever  at  Gallatin,  Tenn. 

Wds.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  '63. 

Died — disease. 

Died — disease. 

Died — tlisease. 

Died  at  Tuscumbia,  Ala.— disease. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Died — disease. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Died — disease. 

Wds.  Kenesaw  Mt.,  June,  1864. 

Died — disease.     Cave  Hill  Cem. 

Died  at  Tuscumbia,    Ala. — disease. 

Cap.  Chickamauga — died  in  prison. 

Died  at  Spring  Hill,  cong.  lungs. 

Died — disease. 

Typhoid  fever.     In  City  Cemetery. 

Died — disease.     Interred  City  Cem. 

Died — disease.     Interred  City  Cem. 

Died — disease. 

Died  wounds  in  action  July,  1864. 

Died — disease. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

jli  pri  j~j  "1  f^  j^  o  f^  r* 

Wds.  Chickamauga,  Sept.  20,  1863. 
Wds.  at  Jonesboro,  Sept.  1,  1864. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Cap.  Chickamauga.  Died  in  prison. 
Dis.    Int.  Spring  Grove  Cemetery. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Disease.     Spring  Grove  Cemetery. 
Wds.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  1863. 
Died — disease. 

Died  at  Ringgold,  Ga. — disease. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 
Wds.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.,  1863. 
Wounds  in  action,  Dec.  25,  1863. 
Disease.     In  Cave  Hill  Cemetery. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Died  at  TyreeSprings,Tenn.,  disease. 
Died — disease. 

Wounds  at  Jonesboro,  Sept.  1, 1864. 
Wounds  at  Jonesboro,  Sept.  1,  1864. 
Killed  in  action  at  Kenesaw  Mt. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 
Wds.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  '63, 
Disease.     In  Spring  Grove  Cem. 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— FIELD   WORK. 


151 


Name. 


James,  Malachi 

Jackson,  John 

Johnson,   James 

Jacob,    Christophei' 

Keezer,  Alden  G 

Keezer,   Samuel  A 

Keezer,   Edwin 

Killin,   Hamilton 

Keneval,   Charles  S 

Kimball,  John  C 

Kaine,    Alexander 

Kelley,  Gustin 

Kirk,"  Walter  B 

Keizer,  Samuel  L 

Kramer,   Lewis 

Knapp,  Adelbert 

Kitchell,  William 

Lane,  Dennis 

Louis,  Benjamin 

Lonagan,  Thomas 

Laughlin,   Wm.  J 

Lutz,  Michael 

Lasure,  Robert  C 

Lamphere,  Alonzo 

Luce,  David 

Lafieur,   Antone 

Leach,  David 

Lafontaine.   Oliver 

Lightner,   Samuel  H 

Long,  Ephraim 

Le filer,  David 

Lathrop,  Wilson  C 

Limboch,  Charles 

Mitchell,    William  B 

Meek,  Andrew  J 

Morrison,   Matthew 

Morris,    Rufus 

Merrill,  Levin  M 

Miller,  William  H 

Miller,    John  

Miller,  John  W 

Miller,  Sylvester 

Murphy,  George 

Mack,  Jacob  H 

Mangle,  Joseph 

McCombs,  William 

McMullen,  Levi 

March,  Daniel 

Marker,  AVilliam 

Morgan,  Henry  F 

Morris,  AVilliam  b' 

Munson,  Eliakim 

McBride,  W.  H.  W 

McCombs,  Noah  A 

Moon,  Thomas 

Mark,  John 

Meek,  George  W 

Moody,  Edward 

Navarre,  Alexander 

Nelson,  David 

Nicholson,  Archibald  --. 

Owen,  John 

Osborn,  Henry  N 

Oglevee,  Lewis 

Ott,  George 

O'Callahan,  Cornelius .._ 

O'Callahan,  Bernard 

Oglevee,  Oliver   

Oat,  John 

Osborn,  Joseph  M 

Porter.  John  B 

Packer,  James 

Porter,  William  H 

Pratt,  Abraham 


Co.         Sank. 


Private. 


Corporal. 
Private. 


Died. 


Buried. 


June  22, 1862  Cincinnati,  0.. 


2d  Lieut. 

Private. 
Corporal. 

Private. 


Corporal. 
Sergeant. 
Private. 


2d  Lieut. 
Private. 


Corporal. 
Corporal. 
Private. 

1st  Sergt. 
Private. 


Corporal. 

it 

Private. 

(( 

Corporal. 

(( 

(( 
Private. 

Corporal. 
Private. 


Dec.  23,  1861 
Feb.  12, 1862 
Sept.  .3,  1864 
Sept.  24, 1862 
Sept.  19, 1863 
April  9,  1865 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Nov.  21, 1861 
Apr.  22,  1864 
Dec.  16,  1861 
June  29, 1864 
Sept.  1,  1864 
Nov.  3,  1862 
Sept.  23, 1863 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Aug.  IS,  1864 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Dec.  26, 1862 
Mch.  2,  1865 
July  18, 1864 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Nov.  23, 1861 
June  7,  1865 
Nov.  25, 1861 
Dec.  1,  1861 
Nov.  13, 1862 
Jan.  24,  1864 
Dec.  12,  1862 
Aug.  13, 18(i4 
Aug.  5, 1864 
Sept.  1,  1864 
Sept.  28, 1864 
Apr.  24,  1862 
Sept.  17, 1862 
June  18, 181)4 
May  21,  1864 
Mch.  13,1864 
May  19,  1865 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Nov.  25, 1863 
June  13, 1864 
May  12, 1865 
Dec.  9,  1862 
Aug.  13,  1864 
Dec.  18,  1864 
Sept.  1, 1864 
Aug.  8,  1864 
Sept.  1,  1864 
Oct.  16,  1863 
Sept.l9,  1863 
Dec.  8,  1861 
Jan.  22,  1863 
June  3,  1864 
Feb.  23,  1863 
Feb.  15,  1862 
Nov.  17,  1861 
June  27, 1862 
Sept.  19,  18G3 
Dec.  24,  1863 
Sept.l9,  1863 
Sept.  1,  1864 
Sept.l9,  18(  " 
July  9,  1862 
Sept.  19,  1863 
Sept.  25, 1863 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Sept.  7,  1862 
Sept.  19, 1863 
Sept.  25, 1863 
Feb.  9,  1862 
Nov.  25, 1863 
Jan.  27,1863 


Lebanon,  Ky 

Lebanon,  Ky 

Marietta,  Ga 

Nashville,  Tenn__ 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Lexington,    Ky 

New  Albany,  Ind_ 

Marietta,  Ga 

Lebanon,  Ky 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
( Uiattanooga,  Tenn 

Louisville,  Ky 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Lebanon,  Ky 

Marietta,  Ga 

Andersonville,  Ga. 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Lexington,    Ky 

Philadelphia,  Pa.. 

Lexington,    Ky 

Lexington,   Ky 

Nashville,  Tenn.. 
Nashville,  Tenn.. 
Nashville,   Tenn__ 

Marietta,  Ga 

^Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Cincinnati,  O 

Jefl'erson  Bks.,  Mo. 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
C'hattanooga,  Tenn 
Philadelphia,  Pa__ 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
New  Albany,  Ind. 
Newberne,  N.  C.__ 
Nashville,  Tenn__ 
Nashville,   Tenn._ 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Nashville,  Tenn.-_ 

Marietta,  Ga 

Nashville,  Tenn.__ 

Toledo,© 

Lexington,  Ky 

Cincinnati,  0 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Danville,  Va 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Marietta,  Ga, 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Corinth,  Miss 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Marietta,  Ga 

Nashville,  Tenn 

Marietta,  Ga 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Lebanon,  Ky 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Stone  River,  Tenn. 


Semarks. 


Disease.    In  Spring  Grove  Cem. 

Chronic  diarrhoea,  Bardstown,  Ky. 

Died  —disease. 

Wounds  at  Jonesboro,  Sept.  1864. 

Died — disease. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Died — disease. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Died  at  Mt.  Vernon,  Ky — disease. 

Died  at  Ringgold,  CTa. — disea.se. 

Disease.  Interred  in  City  Cemetery. 

Disease.  Interred  in  City  Cemetery. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 

Died — disease. 

Wds.   Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  1863. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Disease.  Interred  in  Cave  Hill  Cem. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Died — disease. 

Died  nr.  Catawba  Riv.,  S.C,  disease. 

In  prison.   Cap.  at  Chickamauga. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Disease.     Interred  in  City  Cem. 

Died  in  McClellan  Hosp. — disease. 

Disease.    Interred  in  City  Cem. 

Disease.    Interred  in  City  Cem. 

Discharged  on  Surg.  ctf.  Aug.  4,1862. 

Died — disease. 

Died — disease. 

Died  near  Atlanta,  Ga. — disease. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Utoy  Creek,  Ga. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 

Wds.  at  Jonesboro,  Sept.  1, 1864. 

Disease.     In  Spring  Grove  Cem. 

Hospital,  Corinth,  Miss. — disease. 

Died — disease. 

Wounds  at  Resaca,  May  14,  1864. 

Died  at  Ringgold,  Ga. — disease. 

McClellan  Hospital — disease. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Mission  Ridge. 

Diarrhcea.     City  Cemetery. 

Died — disease. 

Died — disease. 

Died — disease. 

Died  near  Atlanta — disease. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 

Killed  near  Atlanta. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 

Died  in  hospital — disease. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Died  Crab  Orchard,  Ky. — disease. 

Died — disease. 

Killed  in  action  near  Atlanta. 

Died — disease. 

D.  at  home,  Williams  co. — disease. 

Disease.  Interred  in  City  Cemetery. 

Disease.    Spring  Grove  Cemetery. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Cap.  at  Chickamauga.    D.  in  prison. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Died — disease. 

Killed  at  Ijattle  of  Chickamauga. 

Wds.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19, '63. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Died — disease. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

Wds.  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  1863. 

Died  of  congestive  chills. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Mission  Ridge. 

Died — disease. 


152 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Name. 


Pond,  Benjamin  F 

Palmer,  Daniel 

Pippus,  William 

Porter,  Alva 

Platter,  William 

IVlkey,  Edward 

Perrine,  James  N 

Perry,  Francis  M 

Prav,  James  F 

Ploiit,  Peter 

Parrish,  Benjamin 

Platter,  Cliristopher 

Purcell,  Francis  M 

Preston,  Esseltine 

Quiggle,  Ozro  F 

Ramsey,  David 

Rannafls,  Alonzo 

Ruckle,  DaWd 

Russell,  Granville 

Reider,  Levi 

Richter,  Julius 

Roop,  William 

Robideaux,  Eli 

Randall,  Henrv  V 

Roth,  John  P_". 

Shanteau,  Thomas 

Strayer,  John 

Scott,  William 

Seams,  William 

Speigle,  Frederick 

Shindler,  Anthony 

Speaker,  Jacob.  ." 

Steen,  Hugh  S 

Shanteau,  Peter 

Sampson,  William  I 

Stopford,  Wilbur  F 

Summerlott,  John 

Sifer,  Abraham  F 

Smith,  Christopher. 

Smith,  George  W 

Smith,  James  B 

Smith,  James  W 

Smith,  William 

Smith,  Vincent 

Smith,  Barney 

Smith,  Hiram 

Smith,  Porter   

Smith,  William  E 

Smith,  Ossian  W 

Sagmeyer,  Henry 

Seabring,  William 

Salmon,  Byron. 

Segur,  William 

Sulier,  David 

Shanteau,  Francis 

Tennaut,  Edwin  T 

Tillotson,  Ebenezer  C  __ . 

Tarbox,  Arthur  D 

Tate,  John 

Tate,  Perry  H '_ 

Virtner,  Perry 

Van  Fleet,  Henry  C 

Van  Orman,  John 

Waush,  Nicholas 

Weigle,  Andrew 

Walker,  Josiah  T 

Waldron,  Henry  L 

Ward,  William 

Wickham,  James 

Williams,  Cyrus 

Wilhams,  Joseph  K 

Wilkinson,  Albert  S  ._~ 
Wry,  George 


Co. 


G 
K 
K 
E 
E 
F 
A 
B 
I 
C 
K 
G 
G 
E 

I 
K 

F 
I 
D 
I 
I 
H 
C 
E 
E 
C 
I 
K 
H 
D 
E 
E 
E 
D 
G 

C 
A 
G 
G 
F&S 
D 
G 
E 
G 
E 
F 
G 
I 
F 
I 
K 
A 
C 
C 
G 
K 
A 
K 
K 
K 
I 
F 
E 
C 
B 
A 
K 
H 
A 
A 
A 
K 


Sank. 


Private. 


Corporal. 

(( 

Private. 
Sergeant. 
Corporal. 
1st  Sergt. 

Private. 


Captain. 
Private. 


Hos.  St'd. 
Private. 

Corporal. 
Private. 


Sergeant. 

Private. 
Sergeant. 

Private. 


2d  Lieut. 
Private. 


Corporal. 
Private. 
Sergeant. 
Private. 

Sergeant. 
Private. 


Died. 


Oct. 

Mch. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

July 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Oct. 

Sept. 

Feb. 

May 

Mch. 

Apr. 

Feb. 


22,  1863 

18, 1S()2 

19,  lS(i4 

24,  isi;:; 

22,  l.S(i2 

18,  lS(i4 

2, 1804 

6,  ist;4 

1,  lS(i4 

29,  LSI  14 

5,  185.3 

18.  1864 

16,  1862 

15, 1865 


Buried. 


Nov.  22, 
Mav  19. 
Feb.  6, 
June  27, 
Feb.  24, 
Sept.l9, 
Sept.30, 
Aug.  5, 
Sept.20, 
Oct.  26, 
May  27, 
Jan.  22, 
Apr.  11, 
Sept.l9, 
May  17, 
Aug.  11, 
Oct.  27, 
Sept.  25, 
Feb.  2, 
Sept.  27, 
June  7, 
Sept.  1, 
Sept.  23, 
July  29, 
Sept.  19, 
Oct.  24, 
June  23, 
Mch.  14, 
June  22, 
Dec.  25, 
Sept.  19, 
Apr.  2, 
Apr.  16, 
Jan.  24, 
June  16, 
May  22, 
Oct.  9, 
Oct.  25, 
Sept.  24, 
Aug.  15, 
Apr.  8, 
Oct.  15, 
Sept.  24, 
Sept.  1, 
Sept.  19, 
Sept.  1, 
Sept.  19. 
Oct.  7, 
Aug.  6, 
July  12, 
Jan.  8, 
Dec.  29, 
Oct.  16, 
Sept.  19, 
Nov.  16, 
Oct.  6, 
Dec.  12, 
Jan.  5, 
Nov.  8, 


1864 
1864 
1862 
1864 
1862 
1863 
1S(;4 
1.S64 
1863 
1863 
1864 
1862 
1864 
1863 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1863 
1862 
186; 
1864 
18(i4 
l.sii:; 
isi;2 
1S6.J 
1.S6L' 

1863 

1862 

1862 

1861 

1863 

1864 

1862 

lSli4 

1.S64 

1862 

1863 

1863 

1864 

1864 

1862 

1863 

18()4 

1864 

1863 

1864 

1863 

1864 

1864 

1864 

186 

1863 

1864 

1863 

1864 

1863 

1863 

1864 

1864 


Marietta,  Ga 

Danville,  Ky 

Louisville,  Ky 

Xasliville,  Tenn  __ 

Corinth,  Miss 

Marietta,  Ga . 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

.Marietta,  Ga 

Toledo,  O   

Newberne,  N.  C  ._ 

Nashville,  Tenn 

Nashville,  Tenn  __ 
Toledo,  0 

Marietta,  Ga 

Columbus,  O 

Lebanon,  Ky 

Marietta,  Ga 

Lebanon,  Ky 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Nashville,  Tenn  __ 

Marietta  Ga 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Andersonville,  Ga 
Andersonville,   Ga 

Cleveland,  O 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Louisville,  Ky 

Nashville,  Tenn  __ 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Cluittanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Nashville,  Tenn  __ 
Nashville,  Tenn  _. 
Nashville,  Tenn  __ 

Corinth,  Miss 

Lebanon,  Ky 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Toledo,  0„: 

Nashville,  Tenn  .. 

Marietta,  Ga 

Toledo,  O 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Marietta,  Ga 

Marietta,  Ga 

Toledo  O . 

Marietta,  Ga 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Marietta,  Ga 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 

Marietta,  Ga 

Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Andersonville,  Ga. 
Marietta,  Ga.__  ._. 
Chattanooga.  Tenn 

Lebanon,  Ky 

Cliattanooga,  Tenn 
Andersonville,  Ga. 
Chattanooga.  Tenn 
Andersonville.  Ga. 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 


Remarks. 


Wds.  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  1863. 
Disease.  Interred  in  City  Cemetery. 
Chronic  diarrhwa.  Cave  Hill  Cem. 
Wds.  bat.  Chickamauga.  Sept.19,'63. 
Died  in  hospital  of  fever. 
Wds.  Kenesaw  Mt.  June  27, 1864. 
Wds.  bat.  Jonesboro,  Sept.  1.  1864. 
Wds.  bat.  Atlanta.  July  22,  1864. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 
Died  of  small-pox. 
Died  —disease. 
Died — disease. 
Died — disea.se. 

Pris.  war.    D.  at  home.  Defiance  co. 
0.,dis.  contracted  in  rebel  prison. 
K.  skirmish,  near  Milledgeville,  Ga. 
Disease.     Green  Lawn  Cemetery. 
Died — disease. 

Killed  in  assault  on  Kenesaw  Mt. 
Died — disease. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Wds.  bat.  Jonesboro,  Sept.  1,  1864. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Utoy  Creek,  Ga. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Wds.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  '63. 
Died  of  chronic  diarrhoea. 
Died — disease. 
Died  near  Atlanta— disease. 
Killed  at  battle  of  C'hickamauga. 
D.  rebel  prison.  Cap.  Chickamauga. 
D.  rebel  prison.  Cap.  Chickamauga. 
Died — disease. 

Wds.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  '63. 
Disease.     Cave  Hill  Cemetery. 
Wds.  at  Cliickamauga,  Sept.  19,' 63. 
Hosp.  near  Atlanta,  Ga. — disease. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 
Wds.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  1863. 
Drowned,  Tenn.  river,  near  Pulaski. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Died — disease. 
Died — disease. 
Died — disease. 
Died — disease. 
Died — disease. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Died  at  Ringgold,  Ga. — disease. 
Died  at  Riga,  Mich, — disease. 
Died — di,sea.se. 

Wounds  in  battle  near  Atlanta. 
Died — disease. 

Wds.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  '63. 
Wds.  at  Cliickamauga,  Sept.  19,  '63. 
Wds.  bat.  Jonesboro,  Sept.  1,  1864. 
Killed  in  action  near  Atlanta. 
Died  of  small-pox. 
Wds.  at  Chickamauga,  Sept.  19,  '63. 
In  hosp.  Lookout  Mt. — disease. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Jonesboro. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Died  in  prison;  cap.  Chickamauga. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Utoy  Creek. 
Wounds  at  Kenesaw  Mt.  June,  '64. 
Died — disease. 

Wds.  bat.  Mission  Ridge,  Nov.  '63. 
Died  in  prison;    cap.  Chickamauga. 
Killed  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Died  in  prison;    cap.  Chickamauga. 
Wounds  at  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
Died — disease. 
Died — disease. 
Died — disease. 


THE  WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION —FIELD   WORK. 


153 


Following  is  an  official  list  of  casualties  in 
the  Fourteenth  Regiment  during  the  Georgia 
campaign — May  1st  to  September  1st,  inclu- 
sive, 1864.  The  cases  were  of  wounded,  except 
as  otherwise  stated : 

May  15. — Levin  Merrill,  A  (died)  ;  Martin  Glen- 
non,  A ;  John  Dailey. 

June  2.— Francis  T.  Wood,  A ;  Joseph  Hill,  D. 

June  3. — Thomas  Moon  (killed.) 

June  4. — Orlando  Stout,  D. 

June  14. — Corp.  Geo.  Pennell,  A  ;  A.  Newell,  F  ; 
Corp.  Jas.  Fullerton,  Jacob  Lumbeck,  Alex.  Mangel, 
Levi  Stout  and  Lewis  King,  F;  Christ.  Lichly,  G  ;  and 
Dennis  Lane,  K. 

June  15. — 0.  W.  Smith,  David  Eunkle;  Rufus 
Trumbull,  I. 

June  17. — Lester  Hulce,  F. 

June  21. — Sergt.  Johnson  Miller,  E. 

June  22. — Leonard  Hazelie,  H. 

June  24. — Jas.  Vaska,  H ;  Nicholas  Waush,  H  ; 
Barney  McGee,  D. 

July  7. — Col.  Geo.  P.  Este  ;  Corp.  John  Lottora,  H. 

July  9. — John  Gates,  A ;  Daniel  Savage,  Reynold 
Gordon,  Edward  Durfee,  G. 

July  21.— William  S.  Bowers.  K  (killed) ;  Geo. 
Hunger,  G  ;  Sergt.  W.  E.  Clarke,  B. 

July  .^O.— A.  D.  Coffin,  A. 

Aug.  4. — Lewis  Champaign,  B. 

Aug.  5. — Sergt.  John  Van  Orman  (killed)  ;  Henry 
Cliflbrd  (killed) ;  Corp.  Wilson  C.  Lathrop  (died)  ; 
John  Brint,  Edward  Pelkey,  Alva  Bordeaux,  Harow 
W.  Case,  Robert  Cooper,  Corp.  H.  Leonardson  and 
Aaron  C.  Washburn,  F ;  M'm.  Rupp,  H  (killed) ; 
John  P.  Bronson,  1. 

Aug.  6. — William  Marker,  I  (in  head,  died)  ; 
Albert  Wilcox  and  Preston  Esseltine,  E ;  Chas.  0. 
Holloway,  F;  and  Geo.  Gordon,  G,  captured. 

Aug.  7. — Wm.  P.  Sponsler,  Adam  Myers  and  J.  P. 
Hudson,  E ;  Jas.  Anderson  and  Sergt.  Jas.  F.  Pray, 
I ;  S.  Langerdorf,  H ;  Wm.  Van  Newkirk,  K. 


Augusts.— Wm.  H.  Davis,  B (killed);  Francis  Gun- 
ther,  H. 

August  10.— Peter  W.  Disbrow,  C  (killed). 

August  11. — Anthony  Shindlcr,  E. 

August  12. — Lieut.  H.  W.  Bigelow,  I. 

August  13.— David  B.  Sullier,  C  (killed). 

August  IS. — Corp.  W.  Lanning,  I. 

September  1st.  Killed— Capt.  W.  F.  Stopford,  H; 
2d  Lieut.,  N.  0.  Cobb,  A;  Lieut.  Walter  B.  Kirk,  B; 
Sergt.  Arthur  D.  Tarbox,  A;  Sergt.  Henry  F.  Mor- 
gan, C;  Henry  C.  Clarke  and  David  March,  D;  Corp. 
Jos.  E.  Brendle  and  Corp.  Weden  H.  Harris,  E;  Wm. 
H.  Cone,  Perry  Bennett  and  Jas.  Barrington,  F;  1st 
Sergts.  Jas.  F.  Pray  and  Levi  Redder,  1;  Corp.  Henry 
M.  Osborn  and  Isaac  Davidson,  K;  Sergt.  Maj.  Jesse 
Trapp.  Wounded — Major  J.  W.  Wilson,  Sergt.  Jas.  M. 
Perrin  (died),  Sergt.  Alonzo  H.  Wood,  Musician  G. 
W.  Brown,  Wm.  Coalwell,  Uriah  Gilbert  (died),  John 
Gates,  Patrick  Moran,  Wm.  T.  Segur,  James  E.  War- 
ner, Alfred  W.  Warren,  Samuel  Wood,  Edwin  R. 
Wilkinson,  and  Corp.  Thos.  Scott,  A;  Corp.  John 
Kline,  Corp.  Christopher  Jacobs  (died),  Corp.  F.  M. 
Berry  (died),  Corps.  Michael  Gates  and  John  W. 
Brown,  B;  Capt.  John  J.  Clarke,  Corp.  Williamson 
Lanning,  Wm.  Kroll,  Sergt.  Wm.  Hanna,  Jas.  Wilder, 
Corp.  Harvey  Bortell  (died),  Corp.  John  Heckler,  P. 
Hendricks,  Jacob  Hohr,  Wm.  Weaver  and  John  Kel- 
ler, D;  Capt.  David  A.  Gleason,  Chas.  B.  Mitchell, 
Sergt.  Wm.  W.  Moats,  Sergt.  R.  C.  Livingston,  Wm. 
Heatly,  Elijah  Dush,  Abram  Gilts,  Oliver  J.  Craft, 
Richard  H.  Thrailkill,  Wm.  Luce  and  D.  Millbouse, 
E.  A.  L.  Smith  and  Charles  Dennis,  F.  John  Drake, 
Harrison  Wheeler,  John  F.  Hazlett,  F.  M.  Snook, 
Enoch  A.  Pierson,  G.  Sergt.  Henry  A.  Valentine, 
Harrison  Hathaway,  and  Geo.  Rice,  Corps.  John 
Beely,  William  Miller  and  Geo.  Metcalf,  Rennick 
Jennison,  John  Myer,  Joshua  Lathrop,  and  Michael 
Bassett,  H.  Leroy  E.  Clarke,  Jonathan  Miller,  Jas. 
Ragan,  Edwin  C.  Reed,  .Julius  Richter,  Wm.  Stewig, 
Geo.  Cable  and  Wm.  Bapp,  1.  Capt.  Noah  W.  Ogan, 
Sergt.  Isaac  Bogart,  Sergt.  Oscar  Smith,  Corp.  Jacob 
Koli,  and  John  Y.  VanMeter,  K. 


154 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


TWENTY-FIFTH    EEGIMENT    OHIO    VOLUNTEBE    INFANTEY. 
THREE-YEAES'  SERVICE. 
Tlio  following  is  a  list  of  battles  in  which  this  Eegiment  bore  an  honorable  part,  as  rocog- 
oizod  by  the  War  Department : 


Cheat  Mountain. 
Chancellorsvillk. 
Rafting  Creek. 
Monterey. 


Alleghany  Summits. 
Gregory's  Landing. 
Statesburg. 
Cross  Keys. 


Gettysburg. 
Dingle's  Mills. 
Honey  Hill. 
Freeman's  Fokd. 


Devereaux  Neck. 
Swift  Creek. 
McDowell. 
Greenbrier. 


Second  Bull  Run. 


This  Eegiment  was  made  up  of  recruits  from 
different  parts  of  the  State,  and  was  organized 
June  '28,  1861,  at  Camp  Chase.  Company  K 
was  from  Lucas  County — the  Anderson  Guards, 
organized  at  Toledo,  under  the  laws  of  Ohio. 
It  left  Toledo  June  25th,  when  it  was  escorted 
to  the  Eailroad  by  the  Zouave  Cadets  and  Fire 
Engine  Company  No.  1.  At  that  place  a  large 
concourse  of  citizens  had  assembled  to  bid  the 
Companj'  a  hearty  farewell.  When  mustered 
in,  its  officers  consisted  of  Captain,  Jonathan 
Brown;  First  Lieutenant,  Nathaniel  Hough- 
ton ;  and  Second  Lieutenant,  Harlan  Millikan. 

On  tlie  29th  July,  the  Regiment  proceeded 
to  Western  Virginia;  serving  attirst  along  tlie 
Baltimore  and  Oliio  Railroad,  in  operations 
against  "  Bushwhackers."  August  21st  it  re- 
ported to  General  Reynolds  at  Beverly,  and 
soon  proceeded  to  the  summit  of  Cheat  Moun- 
tain, where  it  suffered  severely  during  the  en- 
suing Fall  and  Winter.  The  men  were  con- 
stantly on  duty  without  overcoats,  and  many 
without  shoes  or  blankets;  and  the  successive 
falls  of  sleet  and  snow  caused  much  distress, 
liittle  of  interest  occurred,  until  September 
12th,  wlien  a  wagon-train  on  its  waj-  to  the 
Valley  for  rations,  was  surprised  and  captured. 
Steps  were  taken  for  the  pursuit  of  the  Rebels, 
who  were  driven  to  their  main  support,  when 
it  was  found  that  the  Rebel  force  was  under 
command  of  General  Robert  E.  Lee.  Prepara- 
tions were  made  for  strenuous  defense,  and 
for  eight  days  skirmishing  was  continuous, 
when  troops  from  below  broke  through  the 
Eebel  lines  with  supplies  of  provisions,  and 
Lee  gave  up  the  movement  on  the  Union 
camp.  November  25th  the  Regiment  marched 
into  the  Valley  and  entered  Winter  quarters  at 
Huttonsville.  Here  the  duty  was  light,  giving 
the  men  opportunity  to  recover  from  their  ex- 
posure.    December  Uth  a  detachment  of  460 


men,  under  Colonel  Jones,  participated  in  a 
movement  against  the  enemy  at  Camp  Bald- 
win, where  an  engagement  took  place  in  which, 
at  first,  the  Rebels  were  driven  in  ;  but  being 
re-enforced,  they  made  a  stand,  when  a  light 
of  three  hours  ensued,  in  which  the  enemy 
three  times  were  driven  inside  their  cabins  ; 
but  from  absolute  exhaustion  Colonel  Jones's 
troops  were  compelled  to  retire.  In  the  en- 
gagement the  Eegiment  lost  nine  killed  and 
35  wounded.  On  the  return  it  marched  60 
miles  in  26  hours.  On  the  31st  it  moved  on  a 
raid  to  Huntersville,  marching  106  miles  in 
five  days,  penetrating  far  into  the  enemy's 
countiy  and  destroying  large  quantities  of 
Rebel  stores.  At  the  time  this  was  regarded 
as  one  of  the  greatest  feats  of  the  War.  At 
Huttonsville  Co.  D  had  been  detached  as  a 
Battery  of  Artillery,  armed  with  Wiard's  steel 
guns,  and  subsequently  known  as  Twelfth 
Ohio  Battery. 

February  27,  1862,  the  Regiment  marched 
to  Beverly,  where  its  "smooth-bores"  were 
exchanged  for  Vincennes  rifles,  which,  being 
too  heavy,  were  subsequentl}-  exchanged  for 
Springfield  rifles.  April  Ist  the  Regiment 
moved  on  the  Seneca  scout,  crossing  Cheat  and 
Alleghany  Mountains,  passing  through  Circle- 
ville  and  reaching  Monterey,  after  a  march  of 
125  miles.  On  the  12th  the  Rebel  General 
Johnston  made  an  attack  on  Monterey,  but 
after  a  sharp  engagement,  was  repulsed  ;  and 
on  the  arrival  of  General  Milroy,  with  the  re- 
mainder of  the  Division,  he  fell  back  to 
McDowell,  and  afterwards  retreated  to  Staun- 
ton. Here  the  Union  troops  remained  quiet 
until  May  7th,  when  it  was  confronted  by  a 
large  force  under  Johnston  and  Jai'kson.  A 
general  engagement  was  delayed  until  the  Sth, 
when  General  Schenck  with  his  Brigade  ar- 
rived, and  the  battle  of  Bull-Pasture  Mountain 


THE  WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD    WORK. 


155 


occurred.  In  that  the  Twenty-Fifth  Ohio 
opened  bj'  a  charge  in  which  the  enemy  was 
driven  from  hi8  position.  Each  side  being  re- 
enforced,  the  engagement  assumed  a  serious 
character,  and  continued  until  after  night-fall, 
when  it  was  deemed  best  to  fall  back  to  Frank- 
lin, the  Twenty-Fifth  being  the  last  Eegiment 
to  retire,  the}^  covering  the  retreat,  after  losing 
nine  killed  and  56  wounded. 

May  26,  1862,  the  Eegiment  accompanied 
Fremont  from  Franklin  to  Strasburg  and  up 
the  Shenandoah  Valley  in  pursuit  of  Jackson, 
participating  in  the  battle  of  Cross- Keys  with 
a  loss  of  eight  killed,  54  wounded  and  two 
missing.  In  July,  with  Sigel's  Corps  it  passed 
into  Eastern  Virginia,  and  took  part  in  General 
Pope's  campaign  along  the  Rappahannock, and 
from  the  Rapidan  to  the  plains  of  Manassas, 
where,  August  29th  and  30th,  it  was  in  the 
second  battle  of  Bull  Run,  losing  10  killed, 
78  wounded  and  22  missing.  On  the  evening 
of  the  30th  it  fell  back  to  Centerville,  and  on 
the  30th  of  September  moved  to  Upton  Hill, 
having  marched  since  August  8th,  220  miles, 
been  under  fire  14  successive  days  on  the  Raj)- 
pahanaock  and  taken  part  in  the  second  bat- 
tle of  Bull  Run.  Until  the  Spring  of  1863, 
the  Regiment  was  engaged  in  marches  and 
counter-marches  and  in  building  winter-quar- 
ters, until  it  settled  down  near  Brooke's  Station, 
where  Battalion  drill  occupied  much  attention. 

April  25,  1863,  the  Eegiment  started  on 
the  Chancellorsville  campaign,  with  443  men, 
and  took  444  into  camp  at  Chancellorsville — 
one  man  having  joined  the  force  and  none  be 
ing  lost.  The  Regiment  was  in  Second  Brigade, 
First  Division,  Eleventh  Army  Corps.  With  it 
was  the  Fifty-Fifth  Ohio,  Colonel  J.  C.  Lee. 
Colonel  Richardson  of  the  Twenty-Fifth  and 
Colonel  Lee  on  the  2d  May,  with  a  sense  of 
impending  danger,  sent  tried  scouts  into  the 
wilderness,  for  information  as  to  the  enemy. 
They  soon  returned  with  the  intelligence  that 
they  were  massing  on  the  right  and  rear  of  the 
Union  force,  and  that  there  were  no  pickets 
between  the  two  Armies.  With  this  informa- 
tion, the  (lolonels  hastened  to  Division  head- 
quarters;  but  the  General  commanding  gave 
it  no  credence,  remarking  that  the  scouts  were 
"  probably  scared,"  and  sent  the  Colonels  back 
to  their  commands.  It  was  but  an  hour  from 
this  time,  that  Stonewall  Jackson  came  down 
upon  the   unprepared  Division,   finding  large 


numbers  of  its  troops  with  guns  in  stack  and 
others  eating  their  supjier.  Not  a  picket-shot 
or  other  signal  had  told  of  the  approaching 
enemy.  The  First  Brigade  gave  way  in  con- 
fusion, the  men  not  stopping  to  unbuckle  their 
knapsacks,  but  cutting  the  straps.  The  Twenty- 
Fifth  deployed,  changed  front  and  moved  some 
100  yards,  exposed  to  a  merciless  fire,  men 
from  other  Regiments,  meantime,  bi'eaking 
through  their  lines.  The  Fifty-Fifth  and  Sev- 
enty-Fifth Ohio  joined  the  Twenty-Fifth,  and 
the  three  Regiments  held  their  position  until 
the  broken  fragments  of  the  First  Brigade 
passed  to  their  rear  and  the  enemy  had  encir- 
cled them  on  three  sides,  when  they,  too,  fell 
back.  The  Corps  was  reorganized  the  next 
morning,  and  remained  in  the  trenches  until 
the  5th,  when,  with  the  Army,  it  recrossed  the 
River,  and  went  into  the  old  camp  at  Brooke's 
Station. 

June  27,  1863,  the  Regiment  started  on  the 
Gettj-sburg  camj)aign,  with  General  Ames  in 
command  of  the  Brigade,  and  (ieneral  Barlow 
in  command  of  the  Division.  It  passed  over 
the  Bull  Run  battlefield,  crossed  the  Potomac  at 
Edwards's  Ferry,  marched  through  Maryland, 
arriving  at  Emmetsburg  on  the  29th.  In  the 
sanguinary  conflict  which  followed  at  Gettys- 
burg, the  Eegiment  bore  an  active  and  efl^ec- 
tive  part,  sharing  fulh- in  the  danger  and  losses 
of  the  fight.  At  Cemetery  Hill,  July  1st,  it 
numbered  45  men,  commanded  by  a  Second 
Lieutenant;  on  the  2d  and  3d,  it  still  occupied 
the  advanced  lines,  suflTering  severely  from 
Eebel  sharp-shooters,  and  on  the  4th  it  was 
honored  with  the  advance  into  Gettysburg.  It 
went  into  action  with  220  men,  and  lost  20 
killed,  113  wounded  and  50  missing.  The  ma- 
jority of  its  otficers  had  been  killed  or  wounded, 
and  the  Eegiment  was  commanded  by  a  Lieut- 
enant who  had  been  wounded  the  first  day  of 
the  battle. 

July  5th,  the  Eegiment  moved  in  pursuit  of 
the  Eebels,  going  as  far  as  Hagerstown,  where 
the  Division  supported  Kilpatrick's  Cavalry  in 
driving  the  Eebel  Cavalry  and  Infantry  through 
the  town  to  their  main  supports.  The  force 
moved  on  to  the  Department  of  the  South, 
taking  up  quarters  at  Folly  Island,  when  the 
Eegiment  numbered  72  men,  under  command 
of  a  Lieutenant.  Subsequently  it  took  part 
in  the  siege  of  Fort  Wagner,  and  then  went 
into  camp  at  Folly  Island  for  rest. 


156 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


January  1,  1864,  the  Kegiment  re-enlisted, 
and  on  the  15th  started  for  Ohio  on  veteran 
furlough,  which  began  February  3d,  at  Camp 
Taylor,  Cleveland,  Ohio.  Co.  K,  or  what  re- 
mained of  that  command,  reached  Toledo  on 
the  4th,  whore  it  was  met  at  the  Railroad 
Depot  by  a  goodly  number  of  citizens  with  the 
Union  Silver  Band,  and  escorted  down  Sum- 
mit street  to  Chen-y,  whence  they  counter- 
marched to  the  McKenster  House,  S.  Groff, 
proprietor,  where  they  were  welcomed  in  a 
speech  by  M.  R.  Waite,  who  thanked  them  for 
their  brave  and  noble  conduct.  They  then 
entered  the  McKenster  House,  and  partook  of 
a  dinner  prepared  for  them.  At  the  close  of 
the  meal,  toasts  were  drank  and  speeches  made 
by  Charles  Kent,  Lieutenant  John  Kehn,  Or- 
derly William  P.  Scott,  M.  E.  Waite,  Mayor 
Dorr,  and  others.  Of  the  97  men  who  left 
Toledo  in  1861,  only  16  returned  to  Cleveland  ; 
and  but  14  came  to  Toledo— an  extent  of  deci- 
mation shown  by  very  few,  if  any,  commands 
in  the  service.  On  calling  the  roll  after  the 
sanguinary  fight  at  Gettysburg,  only  four  men 
responded  to  their  names. 

On  the  5th  March  the  Regiment  rendezvoused 
at  Camp  Chase,  when  many  recruits  had  been 
added  to  it.  On  the  16th,  the  Regimental 
flags,  which  had  passed  through  20  battles,  and 
under  which  18  color-bearers  had  been  killed 
or  wounded,  were  presented  to  Governor 
Brough  for  the  State  archives,  and  the  Regi- 
ment received  a  beautiful  stand  of  new  colors. 
Leaving  Columbus  the  same  day,  it  proceeded 
to  Camp  Grant,  Virginia,  remaining  there  un- 
til April  23d,  it  proceeded  to  Hilton  Head, 
South  Carolina,  arriving  the  26th.  In  this 
vicinity  it  did  service  until  September,  mean- 
time suffering  severely  from  the  malaria  of  the 
swamps,  most  of  the  men  being  prostrated  by 
sickness.  On  the  25th  of  that  month,  Cos.  A, 
G  and  K  were  ordered  to  Fort  Pulaski, 
Georgia,  returning  October  23d  to  Hilton 
Head.  November  2d  nearly  300  recruits  were 
added  to  the  Regiment.  November  28th,  in 
the  Coast  Division,  it  left  on  an  expedition  to 
the  Cliarleston  and  Savannah  Railroad,  re- 
maining in  that  region  until  December  4th 
when  the  Regiment  proceeded  by  water  up 
the  Coosa  River,  capturing  a  Rebel  Batterj', 
and  thence  up  Broad  River  to  Devereaux 
Neck,  in  which  vicinity  the  Regiment  did 
good  service,  meeting  the  enemy  at  difterent 


points,   one    day   losing   54   men    killed    and 
wounded. 

February  26,  1865,  the  Regiment  marched 
into  Charleston,  quartering  at  the  South  Caro- 
lina Depot.  February  28th  it  moved  by  rail 
to  Goose  Creek,  20  miles,  and  thence  marched 
to  Santa  River,  and  returned  to  Charleston 
March  10th.  April  3d,  by  steamer  it  went  to 
Georgetown,  South  Carolina,  and  joined  the 
force  under  General  E.  B.  Porter,  in  an  expe- 
dition against  the  Central  and  Eastern  South 
Carolina  Railroad,  in  which  engagements  were 
fought  at  Dingle's  Mills,  Statsburg,  Rafting 
Creek,  Boykin's  Mills,  Swift  Creek  and  Red 
Hill.  April  20th,  16  locomotives  and  245  cars 
loaded  with  ammunition  and  clothing  were  to- 
tally destroyed.  The  next  day  a  Staff-officer  of 
General  Beauregard,  with  a  flag  of  truce, 
brought  information  that  Lee  had  surrendered 
to  Grant,  that  Sherman  and  Johnston  agreed 
to  a  cessation  of  hostilities,  and  that  the  War 
had  probably  closed.  Great  was  the  joy  caused 
by  such  tidings,  and  the  next  100  miles  to  the 
Coast  was  marched  in  three  days,  the  last  two 
days  on  rations  of  two  ears  of  corn.  Reaching 
Georgetown  April  25th,  the  Regiment  pro- 
ceeded to  Charleston,  and  went  into  its  old 
camp  at  Mount  Pleasant.  In  consequence  of 
the  sad  condition  of  affairs  at  Columbia,  the 
State  Capital,  caused  by  the  liberation  of  the 
slaves  and  the  terrible  destruction  of  property 
by  fire,  it  was  found  necessar}'  to  send  there  a 
military  force  to  preserve  order.  For  that 
purpose,  the  Twenty-Fifth  Ohio  was  detailed, 
under  command  of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Haugh- 
ton.  It  arrived  May  25th,  and  encamped  on 
the  grounds  of  the  South  Carolina  College.  Of 
the  condition  of  affairs  there,  a  reliable  corres- 
pondent, under  date  of  June  2l8t,  said: 

The  once  beautiful  Capital  of  South  Carolina  did 
not  escape  the  avenging  hand  of  Sherman.  Her 
beautiful  blocks  of  elegant  man.sions  and  public 
buildings  are  in  ashes.  Probably  no  City  of  any  size 
in  the  United  States  could  compare  with  Columbia 
in  beauty  or  in  the  wealth  and  refinement  of  its  in- 
habitants. There  was  its  Capitol,  and  here  were 
congregated  the  elite  and  chivalry  of  the  State.  All 
that  nature,  art  and  wealth  could  do  to  embelhsh  and 
adorn  its  streets  and  gardens  and  to  make  it  attractive 
had  been  done.  The  streets  are  wide  and  the  walks 
lined  with  every  variety  of  foliage  most  attractive  to 
the  eye.  !•  lowers  in  infinite  number  and  variety  are 
to  be  seen  on  every  side ;  while  the  parks,  gardens 
and  door-yards  are  most  tastefully  arranged.  The 
inhabitants,  from  the  highest  to  the  lowest,  are  to- 


THE  WAR  OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD   WORK. 


157 


day  in  the  most  abject  state  of  poverty.  They  have 
neither  provisions  nor  the  wherewith  to  obtain  them. 
People  who  occupy  elegant  mansions,  and  who,  a 
few  weeks  since,  were  worth  their  thousands,  are 
now  penniless  and  without  the  means  of  buying  the 
actual  necessaries  of  life.  Money,  there  is  none, 
with  the  exception  of  a  little  put  in  circulation  by 
the  officers  and  soldiers  of  the  garrison. 

In  talking  with  the  citizens  I  find  them  generally 
ready  and  willing  to  submit  to  the  necessities  of  the 
case,  but  without  any  abandonment  of  the  principles 
of  State  rights  for  which  they  have  been  contending. 
The  negroes  have  all  learned  that  they  are  free,  and, 
as  is  usually  the  case  at  first,  most  of  them  stopped 
work,  both  on  the  plantations  and  in  the  City,  and 
congregated  in  large  numbers  at  Columbia.  As  there 
are  in  South  Carolina  more  than  double  the  number 
of  negroes  than  of  white  people,  it  was  found  necessary 
to  have  a  military  force  distributed  through  the 
country  to  preserve  order.  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Haughton,  commanding  the  Twenty-Fifth  Ohio  Vol- 
unteers, was  accordingly  sent  to  Columbia  for  this 
purpose.  Upon  arriving  near  the  Town  he  found  the 
roads  and  .streets  of  the  City  blocked  up  with  negroes. 
The  next  morning  he  sent  out  and  arrested  all  the 
able-bodied  male  negroes,  and  set  them  to  work 
clearing  the  rubbish  from  the  burnt  district.  They 
worked  all  day  faithfully,  expecting  when  night 
came  to  get  something  to  eat;  but  such  was  not  the 
Colonel's  plan.  He  allowed  them  to  go  hungry,  and 
in  the  morning  not  a  negro  could  be  found.  All  of 
them  returned  to  their  homes,  glad  to  work  again. 

An  order  was  then  issued  requiring  owners  of 
slaves  to  call  them  up  and  tell  them  that  they  were 
free,  advising  them  to  continue  their  work,  with  the 
understanding  that  they  should  share  the  crop  when 
harveste<l,  but  notifying  all  those  who  wished  to 
leave  that  they  were  at  liberty  to  do  so.  Many  took 
advantage  of  the  offer  and  left,  and  have  since  been 
roaming  about  the   country,   living  on  what  they 


could  steal,  for  the  supply  of  labor  Is  greater  than 
the  demand,  and  their  only  method  of  obtaining  a 
living  this  year  is  by  living  with  their  former  mas- 
ters, who  are  compelled  to  keep  them  if  they  wish 
to  remain. 

As  a  whole,  the  state  of  society  at  the  South  is  in  a 
deplorable  condition.  The  men  have  neither  the 
means  nor  ambition  to  take  hold  and  try  to  extricate 
themselves  from  their  embarrassments.  In  the  loss 
of  their  negroes  they  think  they  have  lost  all  worth 
living  for,  and  prognosticate  all  manner  of  trouble 
and  danger  in  the  future.  The  crops  are  in  many 
instances  suffering  from  want  of  care,  and  unless 
they  wake  up  to  a  sense  of  their  duties  the  coming 
winter  will  bring  famine  and  suffering. 

In  September,  a  Sub-district,  comprising  five 
Counties,  was  constituted,  of  which  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Haughton  was  made  commander,  and 
which  was  garrisoned  by  bis  Regiment.  Dur- 
ing the  Fall  and  Winter  the  service  was  arduous 
in  the  extreme,  made  so  by  the  bands  of  out- 
laws which  infested  the  country.  Several  of 
the  Soldiers  were  wounded,  and  one  was  assas- 
sinated. The  outlaws  roamed  about,  killing 
the  negroes  and  committing  other  depredations. 
April  30, 18(36,  the  Regiment  moved  to  Summer- 
ville  and  garrisoned  the  surrounding  country. 

On  the  7th  June  the  Regiment  left  Charles- 
ton by  steamer  for  New  York,  whence  it  pro- 
ceeded to  Columbus,  Ohio,  arriving  there  on 
the  12th.  On  the  16th,  in  front  of  the  State 
Capitol,  it  held  its  last  j^arade,  when  its  colors 
were  presented  to  Governor  Cox,  and  on  the 
18th  June,  1866,  after  over  five  years  of  faith- 
ful and  effective  service,  it  was  mustered  out 
and  discharged. 


ROSTER  OF   COMPANY   K,   TWENTY-FIFTH   REGIMENT. 

Mustered  in  June  24,  1861,  at  Columbus,  0.,  by  John  C.  Robinson,  Captain  5th  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.     Mustered 
out  June  18,  1866,  at  Columbus,  O.,  by  John  H.  Doyle,  Captain  18th  Infantry,  U.  S.  A. 


Nam^, 


Jonathan  Brown 

John  H.  Milliman 

Charles  W.  Ferguson 

Nathaniel  Haughton 

Alexander  Sinclair 

William  P.  Scott 

Charles  H.  King 

William  L.  Fonts 

Harlow  Muliken 

Thomas  J.  Janney 

Lewis  E.  Wilson.' 


s. 

Rank. 

-^ 

Captain. 

34 

27 

(( 

36 

1st  Lieut. 

26 

" 

28 

u 

23 

t( 

19 

(1 

20 

2d  Lieut. 

44 

{( 

19 

18 

Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


June  4,  1861 
June  18, 1861 
Mch.16,  1864 


June 

June 

June 

June 

June 

June 

Jan. 

June 


4,1861 
10,1861 
24, 1861 

5, 1861 
26, 1861 

4. 1861 

8. 1862 
10, 1861 


Rein  arks. 


Resigned  March  20,  1863. 

From  1st  Lt.  co.  G,  Mar.  '64;  m.  o.  July,  '64,  exp.  term. 

From  1st  Lt.  co.  B,  Aug.  '64;  wd.  bat.  Honey  Hill,  S.  C. 

Nov.  30,  1864;  mustered  out  with  co.  July  18,  18()6. 
Promoted  to  Captain  company  A,  July  30,  1862. 
From  2d  Lt.  co.  C,  Julv,  '62;  k.  Chancellorsville,May,'63. 
Wd.  May,  '63,  Chan'ville;  ap.  1st  Lt.  co.  A,  May,  '64;  vet. 
From  2d  Lt.  co.  G,  Mar.  '64;  dis.  Mar.  '65,  Surg.  eft. 
From  2d  Lt.  co.  F,  Feb.  1865;  mustered  out  with  co. 
Resigned  Oct.  19,  1861. 

Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  co.  I,  September  19,  1862. 
From  1st  Sgt.  co.  C,  Sept.  '62;  to  1st  Lt.  July,  '63;  but 

never  mustered;  k.  July,  1863,  at  Gettysburg. 


158 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Names. 


Peter  Triquart 

Edward  H.  Severance  . 

James  R.  Smith 

Clark  Kellev- 

Morrison  Lewis 

Sumner  B.  Belt 

Henry  J.  Willing 

Lewis  F.  Shannon 

August  Knaack 

Lemuel  Viers 

George  S.  Frazier 

Solon  Haughton 

George  H.  Palmer 

John  H.  Kehn 

Thomas  Masters 

John  Baker  

Philip  Hasenzahl 

Cemrens  I.  Kohr 

Charles  A.  Smith 


Rank. 


.  2d  Lieut. 
Ist  Sergt. 
Sergeant. 


William  Bellville    

.James  W.  Hall 

^larcus  L.  Decker 

Thomas  Dunn 

Joseph  S.  Grim 

Joseph  Moore 

Edwin  V.  Buckner 

Reuben  Drippard 

Solomon  McMillan 

Nathan  Falk 


Eugene  O.  Ross 

Derillo  Nelson 

John  Klinck 

William  P.  Ketchum  . 

Robert  C.  Sisson 

James  M.  Cranker 

William  H.Rich 

Aufdergarden,  Henry. 

Angel,  George 

Angel,  xibraham  W 

Barger,  Joseph 

Boeham,  Gustave 

Bernard,  Henry 

Bridge,  James  E 

Burns,  Lawrence. 

Burdo,  E.  D 

Bier,  John 

Briggle,  Joseph 

Bowers,  John 

Buckley,  John 

Baker,  Charles  O 

Byers,  Andrew 

Benway,  James 

Bolesmayer,  John  H  .. 

Bender,  Martin 

Boegehold,  Lewis  C  _ 

Birch,  Thaddeus  3 

Butler,  Thomas 

Burdo,  James  H 

Brown,  George 

Bauman,  Christian. 
Cameron,  Neil 


Copeland,  George  S.._ 

Cooper,  Wesley  H 

Carrol,  William 

Conger,  Charles  H 

Cass,  Charles  M 

Church,  John  A 

Carpenter,  Calvin  A 

Crawford,  Reginald... 


Corporal. 


Musician. 
Private. 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

Seri'ice. 


June  24,1861 

June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
April  5,  1862 
Feb.  17, 1862 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
Nov.  14,  1861 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
June  18,1861 
June  24,1861 
Dec.  21, 1863 
Feb.  23,  1864 
June  24,1861 

Mch.  7,1864 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
Feb.  18, 1864 
Feb.  26, 1864 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
Feb.  2.5,  1864 
Feb.  25, 1864 

Feb.  19, 1864 
June  24, 1861 
Julv  10, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
Feb.  29, 1864 
Feb.  29, 1864 
June  24, 1861 
Feb.  29, 1864 
Feb.  29, 1864 
Aug.  27, 1864 
Feb.  23, 1864 
Sept.  26, 1863 
Dec.  19,  1863 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
Feb.  19,  1864 
Feb.  22, 1864 
Feb.  23, 1864 
Sept.  6, 1864 
Feb.  27, 1864 
June  24, 1861 
Sept.  16, 1864 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
Feb.  20,  1864 
Oct.  1.5,1864 
Feb.  29, 1864 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
Julv  10, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
July  10, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
June24, 1S61 


Remarks. 


Wd.  Bull  Run,  Aug.  '62;  1st  Sgt.  Apr.  '64;  2d  Lt.  Oct. 

'64;    wd.  bat.  Honey  Hill,  Nov.  '64;  res.  July,'65;  vet. 
Pro.  to  2d  Lieutenant,  co.  H,  May  16,  1862. 
Pro.  to  Ist  Sgt.  Nov.  5,  1864;  m.  o.  with  co.;  vet. 
Ap.  August  1,  1864;  mustered  out  with  co.;  veteran. 
Ap.  Sgt.  Nov.  5,  1864;  mustered  out  with  co.;  veteran. 
Wd.  May,  '63,  Chan'ville;  Sgt.  Apr.  'i\(y,  m.  o.  co.;  vet. 
Ap.  April,  1866;  mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 
Killed  August  30,  1862,  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Virginia. 
Killed  November,  1864,  battle  Honey  Hill,  S.  C;  vet. 
D.  Maj',  '63,  hosp.  Brooks  Station,  Va.  wds.  Chan'ville. 
Wd.  December,  1864;  Gregory's  Landing,  S.C.;  veteran. 
Ap.  November,  16,  1862;  dis.  Aug.  1863,  Surg.  eft.  disab. 
Wd.  July,  '63,  Gettysburg;  dis.  January,  '64,  Surg.  eft. 
Ap.  Sept.  '62;  pro.  2d  Lieut,  co.  I,  November,  '63;  vet. 
Trans,  from  co.  C,  Apr.  '64;  m.  o.  Apr.  '64,  exp.  term. 
Appointed  April  1,  1864;  veteran. 

Transferred  to  company  C,  7.5th  0.  V.  I.  Jan.  16,  1864. 
Ap.  April,  1866;  mustered  out  with  co.  June  16, 1866. 
Wd.  June,  '62,  bat.  Cross  Keys,  and  Nov.  '64,  Honey 

Hill;  ap.  Corporal,  April,  1866;  m.  o.  with  co.;  vet. 
Ap.  Corporal,  April  1,  1866;  mu.stered  out  with  co. 
Ap.  Corporal,  April  1, 1864;  mustered  out  with  CO.;  vet. 
Killed  Dec.  31,  1861,  battle  of  Baldwin  Camp,  Virginia. 
Killed  July  1,  1863,  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
Died  in  gen.  hosp.  at  Hilton  Head,  wds.  at  Honey  Hill. 
Wounded  Dec.  7,  1864,  battle  Devereaux  Neck,  S.  C. 
Dis.  Jan.  1863,  StafibrdC.  H.,  Virginia,  Surgeon's  eft. 
Wd.  July,  1863,  Gettysburg;  dis.  April,  1864,  Surg.  eft. 
Dis.  March  29,  1866,  Columbus,  0.,  order  War  Dept. 
Wd.  Dec.  6,  1864,  bat.  Greg.  Landing;  ap.  Cpl.  Feb.  1, 

1865;  discharged  April,  1866. 
Ap.  Cpl.  Feb.  1864;  dis.  May,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 
Ap.  Dec.  1,  '65;  dis.  .\pril,  '66,  order  War  Dept.;  vet. 
Wd.  May,  '63.  Chan'ville;  tr.  Vet.  R.  Corps,  Nov.  1863. 
Transferred  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  October,  1865. 
Mustered  out  witli  company,  June  18,  1866. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  June  18,  1866. 
Trans,  to  co.  C,  75th  O.  V.  I.;  m.  o.  July,  '64,  exp.  term. 


Discharged  July  15,  1865,  order  War  Department. 

Transferred  from  107th  O.  V.  I.,  July  13,  1865. 
Transferred  from  107th  O.  V.  I.,  July  13, 186.5. 

D.  May,  '63,  hosp.  Brooks  Sta.  Va.,  wds.  Chan'ville. 
Wd.  Dec.  1864,  Greg.  Landing;  mustered  out  with  co. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  June  18,  1866. 
Transferred  from  107th  O.  V.  I.,  July,  1865;  m.  o.  co. 
Killed  November  30,  1864,  battle  Honey  Hill,  S.  C. 

Dis.  at  Columbus,  0.,  Surgeon's  certificate  disability. 
Discharged  July  15,  1865,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Transferred  to  75th  0.  V.  1.,  January  1,  1864. 
Mustered  out  July  16,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Wd.  Chan'ville,  May,  '63;   m.  o.  July,  '64,  exp.  term. 
Mustered  out  July  15,  1864,  expiration  of  term.         . 

Mustered  out  October,  1865,  expiration  of  term. 

Wd.  Chan'ville,  Mav,  '63;  tr.  Vet.  R.  Corps,  Nov.  '63. 
Wd.  Chan'ville,  May,  '03;  tr.  Vet.  R.  Corps,  Nov.  '63. 
Killed  May  8,  1862,  in  battle  of  McDowell,  Virginia. 

Wd.  June,  '63,  Cross  Keys;  m.  o.  July,  '64,  exp.  term. 
Dis.  June,  '62,  Mt.  Jackson,  Va.,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Wd.  July  1,  '63,  Gettysburg;  m.  o.  July,  '64,  exp.  term. 
Dis.  August,  1862,  for  wds.  at  Cross  Keys,  June,  1862. 
Mustered  out  July  16,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  July  16,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Wd.  June,  '62,  Cross  Keys;  m.  o.  July,  '64,  exp.  term. 


THE  WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION—  FIELD  WORK. 


159 


Navies. 


Chalett,  Charles  __. 

Carvin,  Irvin  F 

Cook,  Walter  G  _.. 
Conrad,  Frederick  . 
Chaney,  Thomas__. 

Delancy,  Levi 

Dryer,  Fredoline... 
Dietgold,  Robert... 


Rank. 


Dean,  Maynard  H_. 

Driscol,  John  H 

Daum,  Conrad 

Delvin,  Thomas 

Drago,  Henry 

Darval,  Albert 

Debolt,  Charles  A  _ 

Evans,  Thomas 

Emery,    Lewis 

Evans,  Christian  E. 


Flynn,  John   H 

Forbes,  John  W 

Fenton,  Wm.  H 

I'urenback,  Charles.. 

Furney,  George 

Garung,   John 

Garvin,  John 

Gray,  Orlando 

Girover,  Daniel  D 

Griffith,  Chauncey 

Graff,  James  D 

Hays,  Barton  S 

Hutchins,  Andrew  J. 


Holloway,  William  S._. 

Hadnet,   William 

Hollister,   Lewis 

Hotchkiss,  Arthur 

Harrington,  John 

Harmon,   Nathan 

Harmon,    Conrad 

Hinds,  Sherman  B 

Hartman,  Gustave 

Hutchins,  Shubal 

Hartley,  Albert 

Houston,  Joseph 

Harkins,  Andrew  J 

Hiett,    John 

Herbert,  Michael 

Hawkins,  George  W 

Hifner,   George 

Hj-ke,  Gfeorge  A 

Houghton,  Austin 

Jones,  James 

Jeremy,  Anthon}- 

Knechenmeister,  Fred. 

Kemps,  George,  F 

Kameron,  Enos 

Laughlin,  John 

Lineham,  Thomas 

Lynn,  David  H  

Lang,  Frederick  M 

Lewis,  Sheppard 

Linden,  John  P 

Lobdell,    Lucius 

Lewis,  Morrison 

Metzger,  James 

Morau,  James 

Mortal,  John 

McLaughlin,  James 

Miller,  Andrew 

Monz,  John  G 


Private. 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


18 
24 
2S 
24 
27 
44 
43 
20 

21 
23 

18 
18 
27 
42 
19 
30 
21 
18 

21 
23 
41 

26 
24 
18 
18 
25 
26 
22 
23 
27 
27 


June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
Sept.  28, 1864 
Feb.  28, 1864 
Oct.  15,  1862 
Moh.  7,  1862 
Oct.  1, 1864 
Oct.  20,1862 

June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
une24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
Dec.  26, 1S63 
Feb.  23, 1864 
June  24, 1861 
Nov.  12, 1864 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 

June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
Feb.  13,  1864 
Feb.  23,  1864 
Feb.  23,  1864 
June  24,1861 
July  16, 1861 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 


Remarks. 


26 

19 

18 

30 

23 

37 

19 

19 

41 

31 

37 

23 

31 

42 

19 

18 

18 

23 

19 

21 

39 

28 

22 

23 

18 

18 

18 

35 

25 

25 

28 

io' 

22 
24 
20 
23 
31 


June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
Sept.  19,1,S64 
Sept.  13,1864 
Sept.  12,1864 
Oct.    7,  lS(i2 
Oct.    7,  1862 
Feb.  20, 1864 
Dec.  27, 1863 
Oct.    7,  1862 
Nov.    1,1864 
June  24,1861 
Feb.  28,  1864 
Feb.  20, 1864 
June  24,1861 
Sept.  12,1864 
Feb.  26, 1864 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
Sept.  12, 1864 
Nov.  10, 1863 
June  24, 1861 
Feb.  29, 1864 
Feb.  29, 1864 
Mch.  25, 1862 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
Feb.  17, 1864 
Sept.  2, 1864 
April  5, 1862 
June  24,1861 
June  24,186i 
June  24,1861 
Oct.     7,  1862 
Sept.  14, 1864 
Oct.     8,  1864 


Wd.  Gettysburg;  m.  o.  July,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  July,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Discharged  October  5,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Wd.  Honey  Hill,  Nov.  '64;  dis.  May,  1865,  Surg.  eft. 
Mustered  out  October  15,  18()5,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  December  7,  1862,  exp.  term— 9  months. 
Discharged  July  15,  1865,  order  War  Dept.— 1  year 
Trans,  from  107th  O.  V.  I.,  July  13,  1865;  m.  o.  Oct. 

20,  1865,  expiration  of  term. 
Transferred  to  Vet.  Reserve  Corps,  November  30,  1863. 
Killed  December  31,  1861,  battle  Baldwins  Camp,  Va 
D.  July  1,  1862,  Winchester,  Va.,  wds.  Cross  Kevs. 
Died  December  31,  1861,  at  Huttonville,  W.  Va. " 

Wd.  May  8,  1862,  battle  McDowell,  Virginia;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  November  12,  1865,  exp.  of  term— 1  vear 
Died  March  13,  18l>2,  at  Beverlv,  W.  Va. 
Wounded  May,  '62,  at  battle  of  "McDowell;  and  July,'63, 

Gettysburg;  m.  o.  July,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Discharged  Nov.  1862  at  Cheat  Mountain,  Surg.  ctf. 
Discharged  Nov.  1862,  at  Alexandria,  Va.,  Surg.  ctf. 
Discharged  at  Baltimore,  Md.,  Nov.  1862,  Surg  ctf 
Killed  Sept.  12,  1861,  battle  of  Cheat  Mountain. 
I'ied in  Port  Hospital,  at  Columbia,  S.  C. 


Discharged  June,  1862,  Columbus,  O.,  Surg.  ctf. 
Mustered  out  July  16,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Discharged  Nov.  1861,  at  Cheat  Mouhtain,  Surg.  ctf. 
Wd.  at  battle  of  Camp  Alleghany,  W.  Va.  Dec.  '61;  and 
at  Chancellorsville,  Mar,  '63;  dis.  May,  '64,  Surg.  ctf. 
Mustered  out  July  16,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  July  16,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Discharged  July  15,  1865,  order  War  Dept.— 1  year. 
Discharged  July  15, 1865,  order  War  Dept.— 1  year. 
Discharged  July  15,  1865,  order  War  Dept.— 1  year. 
Mu.stered  out  July  7,  1863,  expiration  of  term— 9  mos. 
Mustered  out  July  7,  1863,  expiration  of  term— 9  mos. 
Wd.  Apr.  1865,  battle  Red  Hill,  S.  C;  dis.  June.  1865. 
Discharged  Dec.  1865,  on  Surgeon's  ctf.  of  disability. 
Wd.  Chancellorsville;  m.  o.  July, '63,  exp.  term— 9  mos. 
Mustered  out  Nov.  1,  1865,  exp.  of  term— 1  year. 
Mustered  out  July,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  w-ith  couipanv,  June  18,  1866. 
Killed  Dec.  6,  1864,  battle  of  Gregory's  Landing. 
Killed  Mav  2,  1863,  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  Va. 
Died  Dec.  21,  1864,  at  Beaufort,  S.  C— 1  vear. 
Died  Dec.  9,  1865,  Lexington  Dist.  Ho.spital,  S.  C. 
Died  Sept.  '62,  Washington,  wds.  at  Bull  Run  Aug.  '62. 
Promoted  to  Com.  Sergt.  March  16,  1864;  veteran. 
Wounded  June  8,  1864,  battle  of  Cross  Keys,  Va. 
Mustered  out  July,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Discharged  July  15,  1865,  order  AVar  Dept.— 1  year. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  June  18,  1866. 
Wd.  Chancellorsville,  Mav,'63;  m.  o.  July, '64,  exp.  term 
Died  Nov.  3,  1865,  Port  Hospital,  Columbia,  S.  C. 

Discharged  Dec.  1863,  Huttonsville,  W.  Va.,  Surg.  ctf. 
Wd.  Dec. '61,  bat.  Camp  Alleghanv;  dis.  Aug.'62,  disab. 
Wd.  Nov.'64,  bat.  Honey  Hill,  S.  C.;  dis.  Mav, '65,  disab. 
Discharged  Julv  15,  1865,  order  War  Dept.— 1  year. 
Wounded  May  3,  1863,  battle  Chancellorsville." 
Discharged  Nov.  27,  1861,  Cheat  Mountain,  ctf.  disab. 
Wd.  Bull  Run,  Aug.  1862;  dis.  Jan.  1863,  ctf.  disab. 
Mustered  out  July  16,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  July  7,  1863,  expiration  of  term— 9  mos. 
Discharged  July  15,  1865,  order  War  Dept.— 1  year. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  8,  1865,  expiration  of  term— 1  year. 


160 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


tiamet. 


Muntz,  Gottleib 

Mi-Kinney.  Jacob  M... 
Jlontgomerv,  Kdward.. 
Millliollan,  "Charles  T  . 

Matthews,  Peter 

Marx,   Emil  I 

Meyer,  Henry 

Mairosi,   David 

MeKinney,   Isaac 

Minor,  Amos  W 

McMonagle,   John 

Mitchell,    Christian 

Markley,   Henry  S 

Millet,  Joseph 

Miller,  Lewis 

Moore,  Philander 

Newton,  George  H 

Niehus,  Rudolph  L 

Nave,  Fred 

Oeckel,  Charles 

O'Neil  Thomas 

Petrie,  Robert  A_.. 

Pelleto,  Louis 

Peck,  Edward 

Page,  Harlan 

Page,  George  W 

Pettis,  John 

Panches,  Perry 

Pancost,  James 

Patten,  John 

Rose,  Thomas 

lianney,  Jonathan 

Romine,  James 

Richards,  Frederick 

Richards,  Allen 

Rantz,  Fredoline 

Ripkee,  Charles 

Schmidt,  Fred 

Scbropp,  Joseph 

Shure,  George 

Santer,  Senius 

Stephens,  Henry 

Sherman,  Richard  M 

Seagrist,  John 

Stoecker,  John 

Smith,  Charles  W 

Shireley,  Stephen  M 

Smith,  John 

Stillwell,  John 

Smith,  Joseph  B 

Schneider,  Austen 

Schorr,  John 

Sey,  John 

Stone,  Lyman  B 

Shaflfer,  Nelson  H 

Tebean,  Adolphus 

Tannal,  John  W 

Town,  William  I 

Tiederman,  Charles 

Thompson,  John  A  _  .  _ 

Taylor,  Zachariah 

Tiederman,  Christopher 

Targer,  Francis  M 

Vickory,  William 

Viers,  David  S 

Viers,  John  B 

Weeler,  Michael 

Wagner,  William 


Rank. 


Private. 


Date  of 

Entering  the 
Service. 


Oct.  2.  1862 
Sept.  28,1862 
Nov.  .30, 18(14 
June  24, 1861 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
Feb.  23,  1864 
Sept.  8,  1863 
Feb.  19, 1864 
July  10,  1861 
Feb.  25,  1864 
Dec.  23  1863 
Feb.  1.5, 1864 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
Mch.  14,1862 
Feb.  29,  1864 
Jan.  2,  1864 
Feb.  26.  1864 
June  24,1861 
June  24,1861 
Sept.  12,1864 
Feb.  29, 1864 
July  18, 1861 
July  10,  1861 

June  24,1861 
Sept.  12, 1864 
Sept.  16,1864 
Sept.  22, 1864 
July  10,  1861 
June  24, 1861 
Oct.  7,  1862 
Sept.  12, 1864 
Feb.  15,  1864 
Feb.  18,  1864 
Dec.  19, 1863 
Jan.  4,  1864 
Dec.  22,  1863 
Jan.  1,  1864 
Feb.  26, 1864 
Jan.  7,  1864 
Feb.  17. 1864 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
June  24. 1861 
Sept.  6,  1864 

Sept.  12, 1864 

Sept.  14, 1864 
Sept.  5,  1864 
Feb.  29,  1864 
Nov.  1,  186i 
Nov.  1,  186i 
Oct.  11.  1862 
July  10, 1861 

June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
Oct.  7,  1862 
June  24, 1861 
Jan.  15,  1864 
Oct.  7,  1862 
Feb.  12, 1864 
Dec.  23, 1863 
Feb.  4,  1864 
July  10,  1861 
June  24, 1861 
June  24, 1861 
Dec.  19,  1863 
Oct.  4,  1864 


Remarks. 


Mustered  out  Oct.  2,  1865,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  2,  1865,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustere<l  out  Nov.  30,  1865,  expiration  of  term — 1  year. 
Wd.  July,  1863,  Gettysburg;  ra.  o.  July,  '64,  exp.  term. 
Mustered  out  July,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Discharged,  Mav,  1863,  Brook's  Sta.,  certificate  disab. 
Dis.  Aug.  11,  1865,  Hilton  Head,  S.  C,  ctf.  disability. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  June  18,  1866. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  June  18,  1866. 
Killed  Aug.  .30,  1862,  in  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Va. 

Transferred  from  Co.  C,  7.5th  O.  Y.  I.,  June  12,  1864. 


Transferred  to  3d  O.  V.  Cavalry. 

Mustered  out  with  company,  June  18,  1866. 
Killed  Feb.  8,  1865,  inaction  at  Combahee  Ferry,  S.  C. 
Drowned  June  27,  1864,  at  Jenkins'  Island,  S.  C. 
Wd.  July,'63,  Getty.sburg;  to  Vet.  Rev.  Corps,  Nov.'63. 
Wd.  at  McDowell,  Ya.;  m.  o.  out  with  Co.;  veteran. 
Killed  Feb.  8, '65,  action  Combahee  Ferry,  S.  C. — lyear. 
Wd.  Dec.  '64,  Gregory's  Landing;  disc.  June,  1866. 
Killed  Aug.  30,  1862,  in  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Ya. 
D.  Feb.  27,  '62,  Svlvania,  0.     Wds.  at  battle  Baldwin's 
Camp,  Dec.  13.  1861. 

Discharged  J  uly  15,  1865,  order  War  Dept. — 1  year. 
Discharged  July  15,  1865,  order  War  Dept. — 1  year. 
Discharged  July  15,  1865,  order  War  Dept. — 1  year. 
Discharged  Feb.  12,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Wd.  Aug.  1862.  bat.  Bull  Run;  dis.  Dec.  5,  '62,  disab. 
Mustered  out  July  7,  1863,  expiration  term — 9  months. 
Discharged  July  15,  1865,  order  War  Dept. — 1  year. 
Wd.  Honey  Hill;  disc.  June,  1865,  certificate  disab. 
Discharged  Aug.  11,  1865,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  June  18,  1866,  order  War  Dept. 

Mustered  out  company  June  18,  1866. 
Mustered  out  company  June  18,  1866. 
Killed  Nov.  30,  1864,  battle  Honey  Hill,  S.  C. 
Died  Sept.  24,  1864,  at  Da^^d's  Island,  N.  Y. 


Disc.  Nov.  27,  1861,  Cheat  Mountain,  certificate  disab. 
Disc.  Nov.  27,  1861,  Cheat  Mountain,  certificate  disab. 
Wd.  April,  '65,  bat.  Red  Hill;  dis.  May,  1865,  ctf.  disab. 

1  year. 
Wd.  Apr.  '65,  Red  Hill,  S.  C;  dis.  Aug.  '65.  ctf.  disab. 

1  year. 
Discharged  July  15,  1865,  order  War  Dept. — 1  year. 
Discharged  July  15,  1865,  order  War  Dept. — 1  year. 
Discharged  Aug.  '65,  Hilton  Head,  certificate  disab. 
Mustered  out  Nov.  1865,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  Nov.  1865,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  1865,  expiration  of  term. 
Wd.  May,  '63,  bat.  Chancellorsville;  m.  o.  July,   1864, 

expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  July  16,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Di.sc.  May  31,  1862,  Beverly,  W.  Ya.  certificate  disab. 
Mustered  out  July  7,  1863,  expiration  term — 9  months. 
Transferred  to  18th  V.  S.  Infantry. 
Died  Aug.  13,  1864,  at  Hilton  Head.  S.  C. 
Died  July  26,  1863,  at  Baltimore,  Md. — 9  months. 
Died  May  10,  1866,  at  Charleston,  S.  C. 
Mustered  out  with  company  June  18,  1866. 
Mustered  out  with  company  June  18,  1866. 
Wounded  Mav  8, 1862,  battle  McDowell,  Ya. 
Disc.  Jan.  27,  1862,  Huttonsville,  AV.  Ya.  ctf.  disab. 
Disc.  Jan.  1862,  Alexandria,  Va.  certificate  disab. 
Disc.  Feb.  21,  1866,  on  certificate  disability. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  4  1865,  expiration  of  term — 1  year. 


Q3^£j^PiiduA^ 


THE  WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION-FIELD  WORK. 


1(U 


Names. 


Wike,  Jacob 

Whaley,  Abuer 

Warts,  John  J 

Weiizen,  George 

Whitniore,  Nicholas  __ 
Yarnall,  Jonathan  H._ 
Beverly  Henderson 


Rank. 


Private . 


Cook. 


Date  of 
Entering  the 

Service. 


JRemarks. 


Oct.  11,1864  Mustered  out  Oct.  11,  180.5,  e.\-piration  term— 1  year. 
tsept.  1'7, 1804  Mustered  out  Oct.  5,  l.S(i5,  ex])iration  teriu— 1  year. 
June  24,1861  Mustered  out  July  16,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term. 
June  24.1861 


Feb.  18,1864 
Oct.  7,1862 
Oct.    31,1863 


Mustered  out  July  8,  1863,  on  expiration  term-fl  mos. 
Colored  under-cook;  m.  o.  company  June  18,  1805. 


TWENTY-SEVENTH  REGIMENT,  OHIO  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY. 


While  this  could  not  strictly  be  called  a  Lucas 
County    Regiment,   the  j-epresentatioTi    of  the 
County  therein  was  such  as  to  demand  brief 
mention     here.     It    was    organized    at    Camp 
Chase,  in  August,  1861,  and  was  composed  of 
volunteers  from  all  parts  of  the  State — officers 
and  enlisted  men  being  almost  total  strangers 
to  each  other.     August  20,  1861,  it  left  camp, 
950  strong,  taking  the  cars  for  St.  Louis,  Mis- 
souri.    The  Lucas    County  representatives  in 
the    command    consisted    of  John    W.    Fuller, 
Colonel ;    Rev.    John    Eaton,    Jr.,    Chaplain ; 
Theodore  Sawyer  and  James   H.  Boggis,  First 
Lieutenants.     The  latter  for  a  long  time  served 
as  Adjutant,  and  was  promoted  to  be  Captain 
March    19,    1864     Lieutenant  Sawj-er   served 
with  special  credit,  was  promoted  to  be  Cap- 
tain March  5,  1863,  and  was   killed  at  Dallas, 
Georgia,  Ma}^  27,  1864.     He  was  a  graduate  of 
the  Toledo  High  School,  a  young  man  of  much 
promise,  and    a  third  of  such  graduates    who 
within  a  few  weeks  surrendered  their  lives  to 
their  country.     The  Regiment  lost  20  men  in 
that   battle.     Some    15    enlisted    men    of   the 
Tweutj'-Seventh    were    from    Lucas    County. 
Chaplain    Eaton   had  been  Superintendent   of 
the  Toledo    Public  Schools,  and  subsequently 
entered  the   ministry.     He  served  as  Chaplain 
until  1863,  when  General  Grant  appointed  him 
"  Superintendent  of  Contrabands,"  he  serving 
in    that   capacity    to    the    close   of   the    War. 
Afterwards    he    was   Commissioner   of  Public 
Schools   of  Tennessee.     In   1870    he    was   ap- 
pointed United  States    Commissioner  of  Edu- 
cation, continuing  as  such  until  he  was  elected 
President  of  Marietta  College,  Ohio,  in  1886, 
which  position  he  now  holds. 

An    incident  in  connection  with  this  Regi- 
ment is  worthy  of  record  here.     It  consisted  of 
11 


the  capture  of  the  Battle  Flag  of  the  Ninth 
Texas  Regiment,  by  Orrin  B.  Gould,  of  Com- 
pany G.     The  circumstances  were  as  follows  : 

The  Rebels,  in  four  close  columns,  were  pressing  with  gal- 
lantry, amounting  to  recklessness,  upon  the  Ohio  Brigade,  with 
the  evident  intention  of  breaking  our  line,  when  a  terrible  and 
incessant  fire  drove  them  back  in  utmost  confusion.  The  Ninth 
bore  down  on  the  left  center  of  the  Twenty-Seventh  Ohio,  with 
their  flag  at  the  head  of  their  column,  and  advanced  to  within 
six  or  eight  yards  of  its  line,  when  Gould  shot  down  the  Color 
Bearer  and  rushed  forward  for  the  Rebel  Flag.  .\  Rebel  officer 
shouted  to  his  men  to  save  their  colors,  and,  at  the  same 
moment,  put  a  buUet  into  the  breast  of  Gould.  But  the  young 
hero  was  not  to  be  thus  intimidated.  With  the  flag-staff  in  his 
baud  and  the  bullet  in  his  breast,  be  ret\irned  to  his  Regiment, 
waving  the  former  deliantly  in  the  face  of  the  enemy.  After 
the  battle,  while  visiting  the  hospitals,  Colonel  Fuller  found 
young  Gould  stretched  ou  a  cot,  evidently  in  great  paiu.  Upon 
seeing  him.  his  face  was  instantly  radiant  with  smiles,  and, 
pointing  to  his  wound,  he  said :  "  Colonel,  I  don't  care  for  this. 
I  got  the  flag." 

The  flag  was  sent  by  Colonel  Fuller  to  Gov- 
ernor Tod,  and  is  now  among  "the  War  relics 
at  the  State  Capitol.  Gould's  heroism  was 
recognized  in  an  appointment  as  Lieutenant. 


JOHN  W.  FULLER,  Merchant  and  Brevet 
Major  General  United  States  Volunteers,  was 
born  July,  1827,  in  Cambridge,  England,  and 
came  to  the  United  States  with  his  father's 
fixmily  in  1833.  His  father  was  a  Baptist  Clergy- 
man and  a  graduate  of  Bristol  College,  England. 
He  personally  superintended  the  education  of 
his  son,  and  to  him  the  latter  is  largely  in- 
debted for  whatever  measure  of  success  has 
been  attained  in  his  subsequent  life.  He  passed 
his  years  of  boyhood  and  earlier  manhood  at 
Utica,  New  York,  where  he  came  to  be  known 
as  one  of  the  leading  merchants  of  the  Citj-. 
His  establishment  being  destroyed  by  fire  in 
1858,  he  closed  his  business  there  and  removed 
to  Toledo.  Here  he  engaged  in  Book  Trade,  in- 
cluding both  the  sale  and  publication  of  Books, 


162 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


the  establishment  becoming  one  of  the  fore- 
most in  that  branch  of  business.  He  was  tlni« 
engaged,  wlion,  in  April,  18(il,  the  War  of  the 
llebeHion  began.  Being  thoroughly  in  sym- 
pathy with  the  cause  of  the  Union,  and  having 
to  some  extent  cultivated  a  taste  for  the  military 
profession,  lie  was  not  long  in  identifying  hini- 
self  actively  with  the  side  of  loyalty.  His  first 
service  in  the  Fnion  Army  was  in  West  Vir- 
ginia, where  for  a  sliort  time  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Staff  of  Brigadier  General  Charles  W. 
Hill,  of  Ohio. 

Under  appointment  of  Governor  Tod,  he 
took  command  of  the  Twenty-Seventh  Ohio 
"Volunteer  Infantry.  That  command  served 
under  Pope  in  Missouri,  and  joined  General 
Hunter  at  Springfield,  Missouri,  about  the 
Ist  of  November.  In  February,  18C2,  itformed 
part  of  the  force  under  General  Pope  which 
drove  the  Rebel  troo})s  out  of  New  Madrid,  and 
in  April  following  cros.sed  the  Mis.sissippi  and 
captured  Island  Number  Ten,  taking  several 
thousand  prisoners.  It  continued  with  General 
Pope  until  after  the  evacuation  of  Corinth  by 
General  Beauregard.  In  July,  18G2.  Colonel 
Fuller  was  placed  in  command  of  the  "  Ohio 
Brigade,  "  which  soon  came  to  be  classed  with 
the  most  famous  in  the  Western  Arm}-.  This 
Brigade  was  constituted  of  the  Twenty  Sev- 
enth ;  the  Forty-Third,  Colonel  Wager  Sway  ne; 
the  Thirty-Ninth,  Colonel  B.  F.  Noyes;  and 
the  Sixty-Third  Ohio,  Colonel  John  W. 
Sprague.  At  luka,  this  Brigade  came  to  the 
fight  oidy  to  see  its  clo.se;  but  at  the  succeed- 
ing engagement  at  Corinth,  it  took  so  conspic- 
uous and  efifective  a  part,  that  Colonel  Fuller 
was  specially  commended  by  both  General 
Stanlj'  and  General  Eosecrans,  and  for  such 
service  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier 
General.  In  December,  18ti2,  his  command 
fought  the  Eebel  force  under  Forrest  at  Par- 
ker's Cross-Roads,  Tennessee,  driving  him 
across  the  Tennessee  River  and  capturing  seven 
pieces  of  artillery  and  360  prisoners.  In 
March,  1864,  General  Fuller  crossed  the  Ten- 
nessee by  night,  and  at  daylight  captured 
Decatur,  Alabama,  which  soon  was  strongly 
fortified.  In  the  Atlanta  campaign  his  Brigade 
was  conspicuous  at  Resaca,  at  Dallas  and  at 
Kenesaw  Mountain.  Early  in  July,  1864, 
General  Fuller  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  Fourth  Division,  Sixteenth  Army  Corps, 


his  command  taking  an  important  part  in  the 
l)attle  at  Atlanta,  July  22d.  In  recognition  of 
8]jecial  service  by  him  on  thatoccasion,  ho  was 
made  Major  General  by  Brevet.  lie  marched 
with  Sherman  "  to  the  Sea,"  and  then  from 
Savannah  to  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  where 
Johnston  surrendered  his  command  and  the 
hostilities  of  the  war  ended.  It  is  entirely 
safe  to  state,  that  the  recognition  and  promo- 
tion of  no  Soldier  from  Ohio  were  more  wholly 
due  to  merit  of  service  in  the  field,  than  were 
those  extended  to  General  Fuller  ;  while  few 
commanded  equal  honors.  His  record  is 
brilliant  throughout,  and  it  stands  without 
occasion  for  excuse  or  apology,  and  wholly  on 
its  own  merits.  Upon  honorable  discharge 
from  military  service,  he  returned  to  his  home 
at  Toledo,  at  once  resuming  mercantile  life, 
becoming  the  senior  partner  of  the  firm  of 
Fuller,  Childs  &  Companj',  one  of  the  largest 
wholesale  Boot  and  Shoe  houses  in  tlie  North 
west,  which  relation  he  held  until  his  retirement 
from  business,  in  1888.  He  was  appointed  by 
President  Grant  Collector  of  Customs  for  the 
Miami  (Toledo)  District,  in  1874,  and  re-ap- 
pointed by  President  Hayes  in  1878,  serving  for 
two  terms  of  four  years  each.  Politically, 
General  Fuller  is  a  Republican.  In  1853,  he 
was  married  with  Miss  Anna  B.  Rathbun,  of 
Utica,  New  York.  Their  children  consist  ot 
three  sons  -  Edward  C,  of  Columbus  ;  and  Rath- 
bun  and  Frederick  C,  of  Toledo ;  and  three 
daughters — Mrs.  Florence,  wife  of  Thomas 
A.Taylor;  and  Misses  Jennie  and  Irene,  of 
Toledo. 


The  Ohio  Brigade  held  a  Reunion  at  Colum- 
bus, October  3  and  4,  1878.  Addresses  were 
made  by  General  John  Beatty,  General  J.  W. 
Fuller,  Chaplain  Eaton  and  General  Wager 
Swaj'ue.  A  dinner  was  partaken  of,  and  toasts 
presented  with  responses  by  General  M. 
Churchill,  Captain  W.  H.  H.  Mintun,  Chaplain 
R.  L.  Chittenden  and  Captain  R.  K.  Shaw. 
The  latter  had  for  his  topic  the  "  Union  Soldier's 
Oath,"  and  closed  liis  response  with  an  original 
poetical  production,  "  The  Union  Soldier's 
Oath." 

A  permanent  organization  was  effected,  with 
the  following  officers  :  President,  J.  W.  Fuller, 
Toledo;    Vice-Presidents,    Major   James    Mor- 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD    WORK. 


163 


gan,  Twenty-Seventh  Ohio,  Cincinnati;  Cap- 
tain W.  H.  H.  Mintun,  Thirty-Ninth  Ohio, 
Athens;  General  Wager  Swayne,  Forty-Third 
Ohio,  Toledo;     Colonel    Charles    E.    Browne, 


Sixty-Third  Ohio,  Cincinnati.  Secretary,  J. 
W.  Thompson,  Forty-Third  Oiiio,  Chicago, 
Illinois.  Treasurer,  A.  J.  White,  Thirty-Ninth 
Ohio,  Cincinnati. 


THIETY-SEVENTH   EEGIMENT,    OIIIO   VOLUNTEER   INFANTEY. 


This  Eegiment,  coraj^osed  substantially  of 
Germans,  was  raised  chiefly  at  Toledo,  Cleve- 
land and  Chillicothe,  being  the  third  German 
Eegiment  from  Ohio.  Its  organization  was 
commenced  under  the  second  call  of  Presi- 
dent Lincoln  for  300,000  men,  August,  1861. 
So  prompt  was  the  movement  that  the  Eegi- 
ment was  mustered  into  the  service  October 
2d,  fully  prepared  for  the  field.  For  Colonel, 
Edward  Siber,  a  skilled  and  competent  officer 
of  the  German  Army,  who  had  served  in 
Prussia  and  Brazil,  was  ap^Jointed,  with  Louis 
von  Blessingh,  of  Toledo,  as  Lieutenant- 
Colonel,  and  Charles  Aubele,  of  Cleveland,  as 
Major.  The  line  officers  were  chosen  from 
those  who  had  been  in  the  three-months' 
service. 

The  Eegiment  moved  from  Camp  Dennison 
to  a  point  on  the  Kanawha  Eiver,  West  Vir- 
ginia, reporting  to  General  Eosecrans.  It  was 
soon  sent,  with  other  forces,  up  the  Kanawha, 
to  the  Oil  Works  at  Cannelton,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  driving  Floyd's  Eebel  force  out  of  the 
valle}-,  which  object  was  accomplished,  the 
enemy  being  driven  to  within  seven  miles  of 
Ealeigh  C.  H.  Eeturning,  the  Eegiment  went 
into  winter  quarters  at  Clifton,  where,  besides 
drilling,  it  was  employed  in  more  or  less  oc- 
casional service  in  the  protection  of  important 
points  in  that  section.  In  January,  1862,  it 
was  sent  to  Logan  C.  H.,  East  of  Guayandotte 
Eiver,  when,  after  a  hard  march  of  80  miles, 
and  much  brisk  skirmishing,  the  place  was 
captured,  and  all  war  material  destroyed,  when 
the  Eegiment  returned  to  Clifton,  with  loss  of 
one  officer  and  one  man  killed. 

In  March,  1862,  the  Thirty-Seventh  Ohio 
was  attached  to  the  Third  Provisional  Brig- 
gade  of  the  Kanawha  Division,  which  was 
sent  on  a  raid  to  the  southern  part  of  West 
Virginia,  for  the  destruction  of  the  Virginia 
and  East  Tennessee  Eailroad,  near  Wythe- 
ville.  This  exj)edition  was  not  successful. 
The  Eegiment  lost  one  officer  and  13  men 
killed,  2  officers  and  46    men  wounded,  and  14 


men  missing.  The  force  proceeded  to  Plat- 
Top  Mountain,  where  it  remained  until  August 
1st,  when  it  marched  to  Ealeigh  to  garrison 
the  place  and  do  scouting  service  for  a  circuit 
of  25  miles.  The  latter  part  of  August  it 
moved  in  detachments  to  Fayetteville,  Vir- 
ginia, and,  with  the  Thirty-Fourth  Ohio,  it 
garrisoned  that  place.  In  September  the 
whole  force  engaged  with  General  Loring's 
Eebel  command,  and  after  fighting  from  12  m. 
until  dark,  the  approach  of  Eebel  re-enforce- 
ments made  a  retreat  necessary  to  Cotton 
Hill,  on  the  Gauley  Eoad,  where  the  enemy 
were  fought  successfully  for  an  hour.  The 
Union  troops  continued  their  retreat,  arriving 
at  Charleston  September  13th,  where  thej' 
stopped  for  the  jDrotection  of  a  valuable  train 
of  700  wagons,  with  supplies  for  all  troops  in 
the  Kanawha  Valley.  September  15th  the 
Ohio  Eiver,  opposite  Eijjley,  Ohio,  was 
reached,  where  they  crossed,  but  almost  im- 
mediately recrossed,  and  went  into  camp  at 
Mt.  Pleasant.  In  the  unfortunate  retreat  the 
Eegiment  lost  2  men  killed,  3  wounded,  and 
62  missing,  while  all  the  Company  wagons, 
camp  equipage  and  officers'  baggage  were  loat 
near  Fayetteville  by  u  rear  attack  of  the 
enemy. 

October  15,  1862,  the  Eegiment,  under 
Lieutenant-Colonel  von  Blessingh,  advanced 
up  the  Kanawha  Vallej',  reaching  Gauley 
Bridge  November  20th,  whence,  December 
30th,  it  marched  to  Camp  Piatt  and  embarked 
by  steamers  for  Cincinnati.  Colonel  Siber 
joined  his  command  at  the  latter  point,  and 
the  Soldiers  exchanged  their  arms  for  Enfield 
rifles.  From  Cincinnati  the  Eegiment  pro- 
ceeded down  the  river,  landing  first  at  Napo- 
leon, Arkansas,  January  16,  1863,  where  it  was 
attached  to  the  Third  Brigade,  Second  Divis- 
ion, of  the  Fifteenth  Army  Corps.  On  the 
21st  this  force  moved  to  Milliken's  Bend, 
nearly  ojjjDosite  Vicksburg,  where  it  was  em- 
ployed on  the  canal  for  isolating  that  Town 
from  the  Mississijqii,  but  a  freshet  soon  drove 


164 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


them  to  higher  ground  at  Young's  Point, 
whence  various  expeditions  were  sent  out  in 
different  directions. 

April  29,  186S,  the  Eegiment,  under  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel  von  Blessingh,  with  eightother 
Regiments,  took  steamers  for  Haines's  BluflF,  up 
the  Yazoo  River,  for  the  purpose  of  a  feint,  to 
cover  General  Grant's  plans  below  Vicksburg, 
but  soon  returned  to  Young's  Point,  where  it 
was  on  guard  and  fatigue  duty  until  May 
13th,  when  it  went  down  to  Grand  Gulf.  From 
this  point  it  marched  with  other  troops,  under 
Grant,  to  the  rear  of  Vicksburg,  and  was 
assigned  as  a  portion  of  the  front  line  of  the 
force  investing  that  place.  In  the  severe  but 
unsuccessful  assaults  on  the  Rebel  works,  on 
May  19th  and  22d,  and  the  following  siege,  the 
Reffiment  lost  19  killed  and  75  wounded,  the 
latter  including  Lieutenant-Colonel  von  Bless- 
ingh, whereby  the  command  of  the  Regiment 
was  devolved  upon  Major  Charles  Hipp,  until 
June  18th,  when  Colonel  Siber  resumed  com- 
mand. 

After  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg  the  Thirty- 
Seventh  participated  in  the  expedition  against 
Jackson,  Mississippi,  where  it  did  provost 
guard  duty.  July  23d  it  marched  to  Camp 
Sherman,  near  Big  Black  River,  remaining 
there  until  September  26,  1863,  when  it 
marched  to  Vicksburg  and  took  steamer  for 
Memphis ;  thence  marched  to  Corinth,  to 
Cherokee  Station,  Alabama,  where  it  remained 
in  bivouac  until  October  26th.  With  its 
Division  the  Regiment  marched  to  drive  off 
Forrest's  Rebel  Cavahy  from  their  interfer- 
ence with  the  Union  forces  operating  for  the 
relief  of  Chattanooga,  which  point  was  reached 
November  21st.  On  the  morning  of  the  25th 
the  Regiment  took  pai-t  in  an  assault  on  the 
enemy's  fortified  position,  losing  5  men  killed 
and  36  wounded.  The  enemy  retreated  the 
following  night,  and  were  followed  as  far  as 
Ringgold.  November  29th  the  Regiment 
started  on  a  three  weeks'  expedition  to  East 
Tennessee,  to  drive  out  Longstreet's  Rebel 
force,  which  movement  involved  intense  suf- 
fering by  the  troops,  in  consequence  of  the 
severity  of  the  cold,  and  a  want  of  clothing 
and  of  rations  ;  many  Soldiers  were  shoeless  ; 
yet  they  endured  such  trials  not  only  without 
a  murmur,  but  throughout  showed  unusually 
exuberant  spirits.  Returning  to  Bridgeport, 
Alabama,  the  Regiment  remained  there  until 


December  26th,  and  then  went  into  camp  at 
Larkinsville,  Alabama.  Early  in  February, 
1864,  the  Thirty-Seventh  formed  part  of  an 
expedition  toward  Lebanon,  Alabama,  march- 
ing with  the  Fifteenth  Army  Corps  on  a 
reconnoissance  near  to  Dalton,  and  returning 
to  Larkinsville  March  2d. 

March  8,  1864,  three-fourths  of  the  men  of 
the  Regiment  re-enlisted  for  another  three 
years'  term,  and  were  placed  in  the  Second 
Brigade,  Second  Division,  Fifteenth  Corps. 
The  usual  thirtj^  days'  leave  was  spent  by  the 
men  in  a  visit  to  their  homes  in  Ohio,  when 
they  rendezvoused  at  Camp  Taylor,  near 
Cleveland.  Leaving  that  place,  they  were 
again  at  the  front  April  28th.  On  their  pas- 
sage, 30  men  were  wounded  and  one  killed 
by  a  railroad  accident  near  Munfordsville, 
Kentucky.  Reaching  Chattanooga,  the  Regi- 
ment joined  its  Division  May  10th,  in  Sugar 
Creek  Valley,  Georgia.  On  the  13th  it  lost  3 
men  killed  (2  being  officers)  and  10  wounded. 
Thence  it  marched  to  Kingston,  Georgia, 
reaching  there  19th.  It  was  then  under  com- 
mand of  Major  Hipp,  the  Lieutenant  Colonel 
boinsrin  Ohio,  on  sick  leave.  In  the  march  on 
Atlanta  the  Regiment  lost  four  men  wounded 
at  Dallas  and  New  Hope  Church.  On  the  re- 
treat of  the  enemj'the  Thirty- Seventh  pursued 
toward  Acworth,  and  participated  in  the  memo- 
rable but  disastrous  assaults  made  against  the 
Rebel  stronghold  on  Kenesaw  Mountain,  which 
the  enemy  were  compelled  to  abandon.  June 
11th  to  July  2d  the  Regiment  lost  4  men  killed 
and  19  wounded. 

The  next  movement  of  the  Regiment,  with 
its  Division,  was  to  the  extreme  right  of  the 
Army,  supporting  the  Twenty-Third  Army 
Corps  in  the  engagements  near  the  Chattahoo- 
chie  River  and  Nicojack  Creek.  July  12th  it 
moved,  passing  through  Marietta,  Rosswell 
Factories,  and  across  the  Chattahoochie  River, 
and  destroyed  the  Atlanta  &  Augusta  Rail- 
road for  a  considerable  distance ;  whence  it 
marched  through  Decatur, and  encamped,  Julj^ 
20,  1864,  near  Atlanta.  On  the  22d  the  Regi- 
ment was  on  the  right  of  the  Division,  in 
breastworks  abandoned  by  the  enemy ;  but  by 
re-enforcements  of  the  Rebels  the  Union  lines 
were  broken,  and  the  Thirty-Seventh  com- 
pelled to  evacuate,  losing  4  men  killed,  10 
wounded  and  38  taken  prisoners.  By  most 
desperate  effort  the    Union   troops,    with   the 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD   WORK. 


165 


help  of  the  Sixteenth  Army  Corps,  re-took  the 
position  and  held  it.  July  27th  the  Fifteenth 
Corps  moved  to  the  right  of  the  besieging 
Army,  thus  threatening  the  enemy's  commu- 
nications with  the  South,  to  prevent  which 
they  made  an  effort  to  drive  the  Union  ibrces 
from  their  position,  when  the  battle  of  Ezra 
Chapel  was  fought,  in  which  the  Rebels  were 
severely  punished.  In  this  engagement  the 
Thirty-Seventh  held  the  extreme  right,  deploy- 
ing as  skirmishers,  and  frustrated  the  enemy's 
attempt  to  turn  the  Union  right.  In  this  move- 
ment Major  Hipp  lost  his  left  arm,  devolving 
the  command  upon  Captain  Morritz.  The  Regi- 
ment lost  one  man  killed  and  five  wounded. 

From  July  28th  to  August  2Gth  was  con- 
sumed in  the  advance  of  the  Union  lines 
toward  the  fortifications  in  front  of  the  rail- 
road between  Atlanta  and  East  Point,  in 
which  the  Regiment  lost  five  men  killed  and 
eight  wounded.  The  30th  August  found  it  in 
line  of  battle  moving  on  Jone.sboro,  in  advance 
of  the  Brigade.  In  the  bloody  repulse  of  the 
enemy's  charges  and  other  movements  it  lost 
in  two  days  two  killed  and  seven  wounded. 
The  night  of  September  1,  lS(i4,  found  the 
Ihiion  forces  in  possession  of  Jonesboro  and 
Atlanta,  and  in  a  pursuit  of  the  Rebel  Army, 
which  ended  at  Lovejoy's  Station.  The  Regi- 
ment returned  to  East  Point  September  7th, 
and  rested  in  camp  until  October  4th,  when  it 
left  in  pursuit  of  Hood's  forces.  Forced 
marches  were  made  over  Northern  Georgia 
and  Alabama,  and  returned  to  Ruffin's  Sta- 
tion, near  the  Chattahoochie,  where  it  remained 
until  November  13th.  At  this  point  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel von  Blessingh  resumed  com- 
mand of  the  Regiment,  relieving  Captain  G. 
Boehm,  who  had  taken  the  place  of  Captain 
Morritz,  absent  on  leave. 


November  13, 1864,  the  Thirty-Seventh  Ohio 
entered  Atlanta  to  draw  the  outfit  necessary 
to  the  "March  to  the   Sea,"  which  began  on 
the  15th.     Throughout  that  long  journey  the 
Regiment  did  active  and  full  duty  in  the  vari- 
ous kinds  of  service  from  time  to  time  assigned 
to  it.     At  Clinton,   in  company  with  the  Fif- 
teenth   Michigan,  it    did  valuable   service   in 
preventing  Rebel    Cavalry  from    crossing  the 
road  leading  to  Marion,  with  the  view  of  cap- 
turing a  Division  train.     Arrived  at  Savannah, 
the  Regiment  occupied  itself  in  drilling,  per- 
fecting its  equipment  and  fortifying.     January 
19,  1865,  it  marched  to  Fort  Thunderbolt,  on 
the  Savannah  River,  and  there  embarked  for 
Beaufort,  South  Carolina,  arriving  there  on  the 
22d,   where  it   went  into   camp,  but  soon  re- 
turned to   Beaufort,  and  on  the  30th  started 
for   the   march    through  South  Carolina,  and 
the  Southern    part    of   North    Carolina,   biv- 
ouacking near  Columbia.    Again  moving,  Feb- 
ruary 18th,  it  was  engaged  in  destroying  the 
track  of   the   Columbia   &    Charleston    Rail- 
road.    By  March  7th  Cheraw  was  reached,  and 
the  Great  Pedee  crossed,  and  subsequently  the 
Regiment  was  ordered  to  escort  General  0.  O. 
Howard's   headquarters  and   pontoon  train  of 
the   Army    of    the    Tennessee     (right   wing), 
which  it  brought  safely  into  Fayetteville,  North 
Carolina,  March  11th.     On  the  24th  it  reached 
Goldsboro,  where  it  was  in  camp  until  the  cap- 
itulation of  Lee  and  Johnson,  when,  with  the 
rest  of  the  Union  troops,  it  proceeded  to  Wash- 
ington, and  thence  by  rail  to  Louisville,  where 
it  lay  until  the  latter  part  of  June,  when,  with 
the  Second  Division,   Fifteenth  Corps,  it  went 
to  Little  Rock,  Arkansas,  arriving  July  4th. 
Here,  August  12th,  it  was  mustered  out,  and 
proceeded    to  Cleveland,   Ohio,    and  was  dis- 
charged, the  men  returning  to  their  homes. 


KOSTER  OF  COMPANY   B. 


Date  of 

Names. 

Jiank. 

Entering  the 
Service. 

Jiemarks. 

Louis  Von  Blessingh  ._  . 

Captain. 

34 

Aug.  18,  1861 

Promoted  Lieutenant-Colonel,  October  12,  1861. 

Carl  Morritz        ..   .-     .. 

^11 

34 

Sept.  (1,1861 

From  1st  Lieut,  co.  H,  Feb.  1862;  dis.  December,  1864. 

CarlMaeulen 

(t 

35 

Aug.  18, 1S61 

Pro.  from  1st  Lieut.  Jan.  1865;  mustered  out  Aug.  1865. 

Henry  Goeker 

1st  Lieut. 

35 

Aug.  18,  1861 

Pro.  from  2d  Lieut.  Jan.  18(i5;  mustered  out  Aug.  1865. 

Gustav  Baither 

" 

23 

Sept.   3,  1861 

Wd.  June,  1864,  Kenesaw;  ra.  o.  Jan.  1865,  exp.  term. 

Aucfust  Lossberg 

(( 

32 

Aug.  15,  1861 

From  l;gt.  Maj.  co.  D,  January,  1865;  m.o.  co.;  vet. 

Frederick  Ingokl 

2d  Lieut. 

31 

Aug.  18,  1861 

Pro.  to  1st  Lieut.  Oct.  '61;  not  mustered;  res.  Apr.  '62. 

Louis  Keppel -_     . 

25 

27 

Aug.  18,  1861 
Aug.  18,  1861 

Pro.  1st  Lieut.  May,  1862;  not  mustered;  dis.  May,  '63. 

Jacob  F.  Mery 

From  1st  Sgt.  May,  1862;  1st  Lieut,  co.  K,  Nov.  1862. 

l(jG 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Names. 


Dii'trick  Schmidt 

Julius  Kuepel 

Simon  Hollandworitz  .. . 

Louis  Sebastian 

Martin  Sclilachter 

August  Avork 

llt'rinan  Jolinson 

Pi'tcr  Bock 

August  Stuenberg 

Frederick  Hobe 

Carl  Huster 

Nicliolas  Niesser 

Carl  Boek 

Alex.  Muench 

Joseph  Baumgartner 

Carl  Seutter 

Casper  Schmidt 

August  Diebel 

Carl  F.  Welshofer 

Geo.  Bodenmiller 

Johann  Miner 

Aunmerman,  John 

Aboud,  Joseph    

Aschemor,  Geo.  F 

Baunian,  John 

Bothe,  Heinrich 

Bauer,  William 

Butter,  Emil 

Bader,  Gottfried  W 

Bauer,  Christian 

Brellman,  John 

Bremer,  Frederick 

Bauer,  John 

Blawkenbach,  John 

Clael,  Edward 

Cezaplenski,  Andreas__. 

Eberle,  Peter 

Ehrsam,  Frederick 

Ernsthausen,  Gerhart___ 

Fries,  George 

Frehse,  Louis 

Fricke,  John 

Gaensle,  Wilhelm  _1 

Haas,  Carl 

Hoflein,  Fritz 

Haas,  Johann 

Henneger,  Herman 

Heed,  George 

Jost,  Joseph 

Kaes,  Leonhard 

Knechenmeister,  Fred'k 

Kramer,  Mathias 

Krahl,  Frederick 

Kurtz,  Carl 

Klaus,  Carl 

Klapper,  Philip 

Klevenz,  Frederick 

Kopp,  Jacob 

Kirschmer,  Frederick.,  _ 

Kruezer,  Lewis 

Kuhn,  Heinrich 

Kraus,  George 

Mueller,  John  E HI 

Martin,  Henrj' 

Nagel,  Carl. !"_' 

Nagel,  Wilhelm 

Nels,  Frederick 

Nopper,  Fritz     _ 

ott,  Phihp ;; 

Peters,  John 


Jtank. 

^ 

■s 

2d  Lieut. 

28 

H 

82 

Sergeant. 

22 

tt 

26 

n 

33 

tt 

28 

a 

23 

a 

28 

Corporal. 

27 
20 

ii 

31 

u 

27 

(( 

3(i 

(( 

21 

(1 

20 

u 

19 

" 

19 

it 

28 

Musician. 

18 

'* 

18 

(( 

44 

Private. 

44 

it 

31 

'* 

18 

(( 

19 

[( 

23 

tt 

33 

(( 

3fi 

It 

23 

n 

14 

" 

24 

(( 

30 

i( 

25 

it 

20 

It 

30 

" 

2fi 

(( 

26 

'( 

26 

(( 

33 

it 

33 

a 

23 

" 

21 

(1 

28 

" 

21 

" 

38 

i( 

18 

(( 

31 

(t 

42 

" 

30 

ti 

21 

ii 

21 

u 

21 

(( 

30 

" 

21 

(( 

27 

(( 

2.5 

(( 

25 

it 

28 

(( 

24 

u 

30 

11 

27 

" 

26 

(( 

33 

" 

32 

1( 

IS 

" 

26 

It 

45 

" 

22 

(( 

24 

(( 

44 

Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Aug.  26, 1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 

Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  26, 1861 
Aug.  18,  1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  20, 1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 


Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 


26, 1861 
20,1861 
18,1861 
18,1861 
18,1861 
4,  1862 
18,1861 
18,1861 
18,1861 
20,1861 
30,1862 


Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  20,1861 
Aug.  20,1861 
Aug.  20,1861 
Aug.  19,1862 
Aug.  2(i,1861 
Aug.  26,1861 
Aug.  12,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18.1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18.1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  26,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Sept.30, 1862 
Nov.  3,  1862 
Oct.  23, 1862 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  26,1861 
Aug.  26,1861 
Aug.  26,1861 
Aug.  26,1861 
Oct.  28,1862 
Aug.  25,1861 
Sept.  8,1862 
Sept.  8,1862 
Aug.  18,1861 
Aug.  26,1861 
Aug.  26,1861 
Aug.  18,1861 


Remarks. 


From  Corporal,  Dec.  1862;  1st  Lieutenant,  April,  1864. 

Ap.  Jan.  1864;  wd.  Mar.  1865,  Bentonville,  N.  C;  mus- 
tered out  August,  1865;  veteran. 
Pro.  Sergeant  Major,  March,  18(i3. 

Ap.  Feb.  '64;  wd.  Jonesboro,  Aug.  '64;  dis.!\Iay,'65,disab. 
Ap.  Sergeant,  February,  1864;  ni.  o.  company;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  September,  1864,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mustered  out  September,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term. 


Mustered  out  September,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term. 
Killed  June  7,  1863,  in  action  near  Vicksburg. 

Pro.  Hospital  Steward,  February,  1863;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  September,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term. 
Ap.  Jan.  1864,  duty  as  engineer  hd.-qtrs.  15th  A.  C; 

mustered  o>it  July,  1865;  veteran. 
Cap.  at  Atlanta,  July,  1864;  mu.stered  out  June,  1865. 
Ap.  Jan.  1865;  mustered  out  with  co.  Aug.  1865,  vet. 
Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Trans,  to  Vet.  Reserve  Corps;  dis.  May,  1864,  disab. 
Discharged  December  31,  1862,  certificate  of  disability. 
Died  August  20,  1863,  at  Camp  Sherman,  Mississippi. 

Absent  sick;  mustered  out  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  August,  1865;  veteran. 
Cap.  at  Atlanta,  July,  1864;  mustered  out  June,  1865. 
Killed  at  Mission  Ridge,  November  25,  1863. 
Died  from  injurj'  in  R.  R.  accident.  May,  1S64. 
Appointed  Sergeant  company  A,  March,  1863. 
Dis.  Sept.   1863,  at.St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Wd.  Aug.  '64,  Atlanta;  m.  o.  Sept.,  '64,  expiration  term. 
Discharged  Oct.  1862,  Gallipolis,  O.,  Surg,  certificate. 
Missing  near  Montgomery,  W.  Va.;  no  further  record. 
Died  October,  1863,  in  genera!  hospital,  Memphis. 
Wounded  near  Atlanta,  July,  1864;  m.  o.  May,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  1864,  Ft.  Corcoran,  Va.  exp.  term. 
AVd.  action,  Vicksburg,  May,  1863;  m.  o.  co.;  veteran. 
Died  in  hospital  at  Clifton,  W.  Va.  December,  1864. 
Dis.  Jan.  1863,  Louisville,  Kentucky,  Surgeon's  ctf. 
Wd.  May,  1863,  action  at  Vicksburg;  m.  o.  co.;  veteran. 
Wd.  May,  1864,  R.  R.  accident;  mustered  out  co.;  vet. 
Died  December  22,  1863,  in  hospital  at  Memphis. 
Mustered  out  September,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Cap.  July,  1864,  in  battle;  ui.  o.  June,  1865;  veteran. 
Died  in  hospital  at  Larkinsville,  Ala.  March  7,  1864. 
Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Di.scharged  Oct.  9,  1864,  Gallipolis,  0.  Surgeon's  ctf. 
Discharyed  December  31,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mustered  out  August,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  August,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  uut  with  company,  August,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  August,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  August,  1865;  veteran. 
Died  May  27,  1863;  at  Young's  Point,  Louisiana. 
Dis.  April,  1864,  Dennison  hospital,  O.  Surgeon's  ctf. 
Mustered  out  September,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  September,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  September,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Discharged  October,  1862,  Gallipolis,  O.  Surgeon's  ctf. 
Mvistered  out  September  12,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Died  June,  1863,  of  wounds  received  near  Vicksburg. 
Killed  May,  1863,  in  action  near  Vicksburg. 
Mustered  out  May  28,  1865,  by  order  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  Mav  28,  1865,  by  order  War  Department. 
Dis.  July,  1.SI12,  Flat  Top  Tannery,  Va.  Surgeon's  ctf. 
Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Wd.  at  Atlanta,  July,  1864;  m.  o.  Sept.  1864,  exp.  term. 
Discharged  October,  1862,  Gallipolis,  O.  Surgeon's  ctf. 


THE   WAR  OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD    WORK. 


167 


Names. 


Pump,  Frederick 

Pepper,  Heinrich 

Penscher,  Joseph _. 

Rentsch,  Henry 

Sautter,  Michael 

Schroeder,  Carl 

Schumacher,   Frederick. 

Schultz,  Carl 

Schumacher,  Wilhelm 

Sander,  Heinrich 

Sanzenbacher,  John 

Seter,  Christian 

Schmidt,  George 

Schlatter,  George 

Stohrer,  Melchoir 

Senf,  Werner. 

Schuartz,  Frederick 

Suwold,  Johann 

Suwold,  Jacob 

Tlese,  Herman 

Teefelmever,  August 

Tilse,  Wilhelm 

Weber,  Valentine 

Winsler,  Mathias 


Rank, 


Private. 


Date  of 

Entering  ttie 

Service. 


Aug. 
Aug. 
Nov. 


2S,  18(51 
18,1861 
15,1802 


Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 


18,1861 

8,1862 

8,1862 

4,1862 

4,1862 

18,1861 

18,1861 

18,1861 

18,1861 

26,1861 

18,1861 

26,1861 

18,1861 

26,18(11 

26,1861 

26,1861 

26,1861 

8,18(52 

18,1861 

18,1861 


Remarks. 


Mustered  out  with  company,  August  7,  1S65;  veteran. 

K.  July,  1864,  battle  Ezra  Chapel,  Atlanta;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  company,  August,  186.5. 

Pro.  Quartermaster  Sergeant,  February,  1864;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  company,  August,  186.5;  veteran. 

Wd.  June,  1864,  Kenesaw  Mt.;  dis.  Feb.  18(55,  disab. 

Mustered  out  June,  1865,  order  of  War  Department. 

Mustered  out  June,  18(55,  order  of  War  Department. 

Transferred  to  Signal  Corps,  September,  18()3. 

Killed  May,  186:5,  near  Vicksburg. 

Dis.  July,  1862,  at  Flat  Top  Tannery,  Surgeon's  ctf. 


Died  in  hospital  at  Raleigh,  W.  Va.  August,  1862. 
Discharged  October,  1862,  Gallipolis,  O.  Surgeon's  ctf. 
Mu.stered  out  September,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term. 
Clustered  out  September,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term. 
Transferred  to  Signal  Corps,  September,  186:5. 
l)i.schai'ged  January,  18(5:5,  Louisville,  Surgeon's  ctf. 
Killed  May  111,  186:3,  in  action  near  Vicksburg. 
Mustered  out  September,  1864,  on  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  May,  1865,  by  order  of  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  August  16,  1865,  on  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  September  12,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 


COMPANY    G. 


Names. 


Frederick  Schoening 

Louis  E.  Lambert 

William  Schultz 

Geo.  W.  Tenime 

Theodore  Nieberg 

Jacob  Littu 

John  Hamm 

Gustav  A.  Wintza 

Carl  Maeulen 

Gustav  Baither 

John  Mollenkopf 

Lewis  Allien . 

Carl  Darn 

Herman  Waldman 

Alexander  Schoenig 

Ernst  Forgler 

Carl  Breidert 

Carl  Schmidt 

August  Roedieker 

Gottleib  Grau 

Henry  Kruessman 

Joseph  Boselgia 

George  Scherer 

Nicholas  Hotz 

John  Tamboch 

Jacob  Baumhauer 

Robert  Dietrich 

John  S.  Kountz 

Michael  Adams 

George  S.  Veidenger 

Artz,  Franz 

Albers,  Heinrich 

Acheman,  Lewis 

Aberle,  Joseph 

Auman,  John 

Boessinger,  Heinrich 


^ 

Rank. 

^ 

Captain. 

:56 

20 

1st  Lieut. 

:5i 

(( 

32 

" 

20 

" 

31 

2d  Lieut. 

38 

" 

23 

(1 

35 

IstSergt. 

2:5 

" 

2o 

Sergeant. 

25 

II 

35 

(I 

25 

" 

24 

" 

'>9 

" 

29 

It 

3:! 

Corporal 
II 

23 
31 

" 

28 

" 

1!) 

II 

30 

II 

25 

" 

23 

.Musician. 

18 

" 

17 

It 

16 

II 

18 

Wagoner. 
Private. 

20 

:5(i 

" 

20 

" 

23 

u 

22 

" 

20 

Date  of 

Entering  ttie 

Service. 


Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Nov. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aui.'. 
Sejjt. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 


1,  1861 
2(5,1861 
9,  1861 
5,  1861 

.30,  1861 
(5,  1861 
12,1861 
22,1861 
18, 1861 
3,  1861 
12, 1861 
:i,  1861 
12,18(il 

11,  1861 

2,  1861 
21,  1861 

3,  1861 

12,  1861 
9,  1861 
3,  1801 

21,  18(52 
17,1861 
24,1861 
25,1861 


Sept.  4,1861 
Oct.  13,  1862 
Sept.  30,1861 

Mch.  31,1864 
Sept.  20,1861 
.Sept.  24,1861 
Oct.  8,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Sept.  13,1861 
Sept.  24,1861 
Sept.  3,  1861 


Remarks. 


Died  May  '(54,  wounds  Resaca,  May  13,  1864. 
1st  Lieut.  F,  April,  '64;  Adjt.  July,  '64.  Capt.,  Jan. ,'(55. 
Appointed  A<ljutant,  June  1,  18(>2. 
From  2d  Lieut.  K,  May,  '62;  R.  Q.M.  December  29,  '62. 
Tranferred  from  Adjutant,  July,  '(54;  res.  Sept.  20,  '64. 
From  2d  Lieut.  E,  June,  18(54;  to  Capt.  E,   April,  1865. 
To  1st  Lieutenant  Co.  C,  February  8,  1862. 
From  1st  Sgt.  C,  Feb.,  1862;  to  1st  Lt.  (',  Dec,  '(52. 
From  l,st  Sgt.  B,  May,  1863;  to  1st  Lt.  H,  April,  18(51. 
Promoted  2d  Lieutenant  Co.  B,  November,  18(i2. 
From  Sergt.  Sept.  20,  '64;  mustered  out  Co.;  veteran. 
From  Corpl.;  disc.  Sept.  1864,  Cleveland,  O.;  Surg.  ctf. 
Trans.  Vet.  R.  C.  Jime,  '(i4;  m.  o.  Sept.,  '64,  exp.  term. 
Discharged,  March,  1863,  Gallipolis,  Surg,  certificate. 
From  Corporal;  mustered  out  Sept.,  18(54,  exp.  term. 
From  Corporal  July,  18(54;  mustered  out  May,  1865. 
Trans.  V.  R.C.,  March,  1864;  m.  o.  Sept.  1864;  exp.  term. 
From  Corporal,  Jan.,  1865;  m.  o.  Co.  Aug.,  '65;  veteran. 

Discharged  Jan.  1,  '63,  Louisville,  Ky.,  Surg,  certificate. 

From  Corpl.  Nov.,  1863,  to  Com'y  Sgt..  January,  18(53. 
Wd.  May, '(53,  Vicksliurg;  K.  Mch, '65,  bat.  Bentonville. 
Corporal,  October,  1861;  m.  o.  Sept.,  18(i4,  exp.  term. 
Corporal,  Feb.,  1863;  m.o.  Sept.,  18(54,  expiration  term. 
Wd.  July, '64,  Atlanta;  ap.  Cpl,  July, '(55;  m.  o.  co.;  vet. 
Killed,  May,  1863,  in  action  near  Vicksburg. 

Wd.  Mission  Ridge,  November  25, 1863  (right  leg  amp.); 

discharged  April,  1864. 
Cap.  July,  '(54,  bat.  Atlanta;  ex.  Sept.  '64;  m.  o.  co. 
Drowned  Ohio  R.,  steamer  N.  C.  Lewis,  January,  1863. 

Wd.  Vicksburg,  May,  63;  trans.Vet.  R.  Corps,  Jan.,  '65. 
Trans.  Vet.  R.  Corps  April,  '64;  mustered  out  Sept.,  '(54. 
Trans.  Vet.  R.  Corps  April,  '64;  mu.stered  out  Sept.,  '64. 
M.  o.  September,  18(54,  at  East  Point,  Ga.;  exp.  term. 
Mustered  out  Co.  August,  1865,  veteran. 


IHS 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Names. 


Balof,  Jacob 

Beiscke,  John 

Brooks,  Frederick 

Bender,  Peter 

Brndder,  Henry 

Dcwrie,  George 

Eichen,  Joseph 

Eiiisch,  Frederick 

Emsch,  John 

Friederich,  Edward 

Felder,  Jacob 

Fanbach,  John 

Guentert,  Heinrich 

Grobe,  John  H 

Gartis,  Joseph 

Hittler,  George 

Hess,  Erhard 

Eager,  Philip 

Haberbusch,  Havier 

Heinberger,  Carl 

Hartman,  Armand 

Kraeger,  Martin 

Kampeler,  Henry 

Knuer,  Christian 

Loesch,  Jacob 

Loesch,  Phihp 

Linneman,  Henry 

Langenderfer,  Joseph.. 

Loesch,  John  W 

Langer,  Christian 

Meyer,  Henry 

Muening,  John  

Mittmann,  August 

Miller,  George 

Metzger,  George 

Myer,  Conrad 

Mueller,  Jacob 

Mayer,  Frederick 

Nelio,  Lewis ._. 

Oetgel,  Valentine 

Philipar,  Frederick 

Puck,  Henry 

Kufly,  John 

Reger,  Elois 

Riegar,  Leonhard 

Schmidt,  William 

Saflfel,  Frederick 

Schwartz,  Louis 

Steiamger,  George 

Sauppe,  Ernst 

Schmidt,  Jacob 

Sebach,  Julius 

Scheninghamer,  Fred'k 

Schneider,  Mathias 

Schneider,  John 

Saamorzaum,  Jacob 

Schumacher,  Leon 

Schneider,  Peter 

Schneider,  Carl 

Thome,  Peter 

Twaerenbold.  Joseph".. 

Volget,  George 

Weiss,  John  L 

Weber,  George I 

Walter  Christian  ...1 

Witzler,  Michael I 

Weber,  Marcus 

Weber,  Valentine I 

Young,  John '_ 

Zeigler,  Frederick 

Zeutgraf,  George 

Zimmerman,  Samuel 


Ra7ik. 


Private. 


Date  0/ 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Mar. 

Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 


29,1864 
6,  1862 
16,1862 
,1862 
1864 
,1862 
,186: 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
',186: 
,186 
,1864 
,186 
i,186: 
;,186 
',186 
',186 
,186: 
:,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,1862 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,1862 
,186 
,186: 
,186 
186 
,186: 
i,186 
•,186 
,186: 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186: 
;,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 
,186 


Semarks. 


Mustered  out  May,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  May,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  May,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  May,  1864,  to  date  September,  1864. 
Mustered  out  June,  I860,  order  War  Department. 
Discharged,  January,  1863,  Louisville,  Surg,  certificate. 
Discharged,  January,  1863,  Louisville,  Surg,  certificate. 
Discharged,  Jan.  14,  '63,  Louisville,  Ky.,  Surg,   certf. 
Died  June  27,  '63,  hosp.,  Jefi'erson  Barracks,  St.  Louis. 
Mustered  out  Co.  August   1865;  veteran. 
Wd.  July,  1864,  bat.  Vicksburg;  mustered  out  Co.;  vet. 
Wd.  battle  Atlanta;  no  further  record. 
Cap.  battle  Atlanta;  exchanged;  m.  o.  June,  1865;  vet. 
Mustered  out  March,  '65,  Cleveland,  O.,  Surg,  certif. 
Mustered  out  Sept.,  1864,  Ea.st  Point,  Ga.,  exp.  term. 
Mustered  out  Co.  August,  1865;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  September,  1864,  expiration  term. 
Mustered  out  May,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Died  July,  1863,  hosp.  Benton  Barracks,  wds.  in  action. 
Discharged  February  26,  1865,  on  Surg,  certificate. 
Cap.  Aug., '64.  action  Atlanta;  d.  May, '65,  Columbus,  O. 
Died  hospital  July,  1863,  near  Vicksburg. 
Mustered  outSept.'64,  East  Point,  Ga.,  expiration  term. 
Mustered  out  Co.  August,  1865;  veteran. 
Died  March,  1862,  at  Clifton,  West  Virginia. 
Died  Aug.,  18(;4,  of  wounds  Julv,  1864,  near  Atlanta. 
Promoted  to  2d  Lieut.  Co.  F,  February  28,  1862. 
Died  February,  1863,  hospital  Young's  Point,  La. 
Mustered  out  Sept.,  1864,  East  Point;  expiration  term. 
Wd.  May,  1863,  Vicksburg,  disc.  July,  '64,  Surg,  certif. 
Discharged  July,  1864,  Cleveland,  G.,  Surg,  certificate. 
Transferred  to  Vet.  Res.  Corps  December,  1863. 
Trans,  to  Vet.  Res.  C.;m.  o.  September,  1864;  exp.  term. 

On  muster-in  roll;  no  further  record. 
Died  Nov.  26,  1863,  wounds  Nov.,  1863,  Mission  Ridge. 
Discharged  March,  1863,  Louisville,  Ky.,  Surg,  certif. 
Mustered  out  Sept.,  '64,  East  Point,  Ga.,  exp.  term. 
Died  July,  1862,  Flat  Top  Tannery,  Virginia. 
Mustered  out  Sept.,  1864,  East  Point,  Ga.,  exp.  term. 
Wd.  August,  1864,  Jonesboro;  mustered  out  May,  1865. 

Mustered  out  May  28,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  1864,  East  Point,  Ga.,  exp.  term. 
Mustered  out  Company  August  7,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  Company  August  7,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  Company  August  7,  1865;  veteran. 
Drowned  July,  1863,  in  Ohio  River,  near  Gallipolis. 
Died  July  26,  1864,  wounds  July  23,  1864,  Atlanta. 
Transferred  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps. 
Transferred  to  Signal  Corps,  August,  I860. 
Discharged  Jan.,  63,  near  Louisville,  Ky.,  Surg,  certif. 
Captured  in  action;  died  Feb.,  '64,  in  Richmond  Prison. 
Mustered  out  September  21,  1864,  expiration  term. 
Died  November  29,  1861,  at  Cannelton,  West  Virginia. 
Discharged  Jan.  20,  1863,  Louisville,  Ky.,  Surg,  certif. 
Discharged  Jan.  6,  '63,  Louisville,  Ky.,  Surg,  certificate. 
On  muster-in  roll;  no  further  record. 
Missed  July,  '64,  bat.  Atlanta;  m.  o.  Jan.,  '65;  exp.  term. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  1864,  East  Point,  Ga.,  exp.  term. 
Discharged  ]\Iay  8,  1863,  Louisville,  Surg,  certificate. 
Discharged  Sept.  22, '64,  Columbus.  O.,  Surg,  certificate. 
Mustered  out  September  24,  1864;  exp.  term. 
Mustered  out  September  28,  1864,  exp.  term. 
Cap.  July, '(i4,  Atlanta;  d.  Jan. '65,  Rebel  Prison, Florence 
Discharged  January,  1863,  Louisville,  Surg,  certificate. 
Mustered  out  Co.  August,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  September  28,  1865,  exp.  term. 
Died  September,  '64,  wds.  August,  '64,  Jonesboro;  vet. 
Discharged  July,  1862.  Clifton,  W.  Va.,  Surg,  certificate. 
Discharged  January,  1863,  Louisville,  Surg,  certificate. 


THE   WAR   OF   THE   REBELLION— FIELD   WORK. 


169 


COMPANY   K. 


Naiiu^. 


F.  M.  Stumpf 

Theodore  Voges 

William  Kenig 

Herman  Rosenbaum 

Andrew  Huber 

Jacob  F.  Mery 

Joseph  Siet'ert 

George  W.  Temme 

Sebaldns  Hossler 

William  Weiss 


John  Fischer 

George  Weber 

Peter  Grossman 

Philip  Pflster 

Adolph  Wolff 

Jaroslaus  Wandtte 

Anton  Naas 

George  Weber 

Rudolph  Haney 

Ferdinand  Jeite 

Jacob  Stahl 

William  Birkenhauer  __ 

George  Dillman 

Ludwig  Theobold 

Charles  Boegehold 

Christian  Stuormor 

Allglier,  John 

Anneshausley,  Henry __ 
Baumann,  Freiderick  _. 

Bartholomy,  Daniel 

Benden,  Henry 

Bruenesholf,  Joseph 

Brick,  Henry 

Bonner,  Nicholas 

Beck,  William 

Blanke,  Louis 

Buchrer,  Conrad 

Curie,  Charles 

Clauss,  William 

Ditto,  Martin 

Eisele,  Charles 

Eichhorn,  George 

Frey,  Victor 

Frey,  Joseph 

Frohbatlo,  Henry 

Goetsinger,  Michael 

Greb,  Hubertus 

Gerster,  Henry 

Gilbert,  Jacob 

Huebbler,  Joseph 

Hersig,  Jacob 

Hartman,  Henry 

Hanselman,   Wendelin_ 

Halamer,  George 

Harbaum,  Henry 

Hotlmeyer,  Henry 

Hulscher,  Charles 

Jhsen,  Theodore 

Kitner,  Jacob 

Keller,  John 

Kutzley,  Barnhard 

Keip,  Friederick . 

Klatzel,  Nicolaus 

Kossandy,  George 

Keller,  Freiderick 

Keiser,  Christian 

Keller,  John 


Hank. 


Captain. 

(1 
1st  Lieut. 

(( 
2d  Lieut. 

(( 

1st  iSergt. 
(( 

II 

Sergeant. 

(( 

u 

II 
a 

Corporal. 


Musician. 
Wagoner. 
Private. 


38 
34 
34 
26 
29 
27 
24 
32 
21 
25 

22 

18 
21 
31 
28 
43 
18 
26 
21 
27 
38 
22 
19 
19 
15 
22 
27 
26 
25 
25 
36 
36 
46 
18 
20 
22 
24 
28 
22 
18 
31 
21 
18 
45 
40 
25 
34 
22 
21 
25 
23 
36 
18 
26 
37 
20 
35 
32 
34 
25 
21 
25 
49 
37 
21 
45 
41 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Feb.  15,  1862 
Aug.  12, 1861 
Oct.  22,  1861 
Sept.  5,  1861 
Oct.  2,  1861 
Aug.  18, 1861 
Aug.  10, 1861 
Nov.  15, 1S61 
Sept.  12, 1861 
Nov.  7,  1861 

Oct.  5,  1861 
Sept.  4,1862 
Nov.  7, 1861 
Oct.  15,  1861 
Nov.  20, 1861 
Nov.  9,1861 
Oct.  4,  1861 
Sept.  25,1861 
Nov.  3,  1861 
Oct.  3,  1861 
Oct.  10,  1861 
Sept.  1,  1862 
Sept.  4,1862 
Oct.  3,  1861 
Nov.  11,1861 
Oct.  3,  18fil 
Aug.  25, 1862 
Mch.  7,  1862 
Jan.  8,  1864 
Sept.  10,  1861 
Aug.  1, 1864 
Jan.  3,  1862 
Sept.  25,1861 
Oct.  3,  1861 
Sept.  15, 1862 
Sept.  1,  1862 
Dec.  21,  1863 
Sept.  4,  1862 
Aug.  31, 1862 
Sept.  4, 1862 
Dec.  20, 1863 
Nov.  7,  1861 
Nov.  10,  1861 
Nov.  10,  1861 
Oct.  5,  1861 
Dec.  21,  1863 
Oct.  3,  1861 
Mch.  7,  1862 
Aug.  6,  1862 
Oct.  10,  1861 
Dec.  28,  1863 
May  13,  1864 
Sept.25,  1861 
Aug.  29, 1862 
Nov.  20, 1861 
Nov.  8,  1861 
Sept.  30, 1861 
Nov.  16, 1861 
May  13,  1864 
Sept.  4,  1862 
Sept.  4, 1862 
Sept.l2,  1862 
Dec.  22,  1863 
Jan.  4,  1862 
Oct.  31,  1861 
Oct.  3,  1861 
Feb.  11, 1862 


lieinarks. 


From  1st  Lt.  Sept.  1862;  to  Co.  D,  September,  1862. 

From  1st  Lt.  Co.  H,  Dec.  '62;  disc.  Nov.  '63,  Surg.  ctf. 

Pro.  Capt.  April,  1864;  m.  o.  with  company. 

Resigned  November  9,  1862. 

From  2d  Lieut.  Co.  B,  Nov.  '62;  to  Capt.  Co.  D,  Apr. '62. 

From  1st  Lieut.  Co.  I,  Jan.  18()5;  m.  o.  company;  vet. 

Pro.  to  1st  Lieut.  Co.  G,  May  28,  1862. 

From  1st  Sergt.  Co.  F,  Apr.  '62;   1st  Lt.  Co.  E,  Nov.'62. 

From  1st  Sergt.  Dec.  20,  '(i2;  com.  1st  Lt.,  not  mustered; 

killed  at  Resaca,  May  10,  1864. 
Mustered  out  October,  1S64,  expiration  term. 
Ap.  1st  Sergt.  Oct.  '64;  m.  o.  May,  '65,  or.  War.  Dept. 
Ap.  1st  Sergt.  June,  '(i5;  m.  o.  company;  veteran. 
In  hospital;  mustered  out  June,  1865;  veteran. 
Ap.  Sergt.  Mar,  1862;  disc.  Aug.  '63,  Surg,  certificate. 
Ap.  Sergt.  June,  1863;  killed  at  Vicksburg,  June,  1863. 
A  p.  Sergt.  June,  1863;  killed  Aug.  6,  '64,  near  Atlanta. 
From  Corp.;  m.  o.  Sept.  1864,  expiration  term. 
Ap.  Sergt.  Jan.  1865;  m.  o.  company  Aug.  '65;  veteran. 
Ap.  March,  1864;  killed  June,  1864,  Kenesaw  Mt.;  vet. 
Ap.  Nov.  1862;  died  Aug.  1863,  in  Regt.  hospital. 
Mustered  out  May  30,  18()5,  order  War  Dept. 
Mustered  out  May  30,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 
Ap.  Corp.  Feb.  1864;  m.  o.  company  Aug.  65;  veteran. 
Veteran. 
Veteran. 

Mustered  out  May,  1865,  order  War  Department. 
Captured  July,  1S64,  battle  Atlanta;  no  further  record. 
Mustered  out  with  company  August  7,  1865. 
Returned  to  company  from  Prin.  Musician;  veteran. 

On  muster-in  roll;  no  further  record. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  2(),  1864,  expiration  term. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  19,  1864,  expiration  term. 

Mustered  out  May  30,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 

Mustered  out  May  30,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 

VVd.  Aug.  1864,  in  action  at  East  Point;  m.  o.  June, '65. 

Died  Aug.  6,  1864,  wounds  at  battle  Atlanta,  July,  '64. 

Mustered  out  May  30,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 

Trans,  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  April  4,  1864. 

Died  Sept.  1,  '65,  of  wounds  at  Jonesboro,  Aug.  31,  '64. 

Mustered  out  January  26,  1865,  expiration  term. 

Died  Nov.  21,  1863,  on  march  near  Chattanooga. 

Discharged  Feb.  3,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharged  Gctober  15,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Mustered  out  with  company  August  7,  1865. 

Wd.  May,  '62,  bat.  Princeton;  dis.  Feb.  '63,  Surg.  ctf. 

Mustered  out  April  19,  1865,  expiration  term. 

Mustered  out  May  30,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Aug.  7,  1865;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  with  com[iany  August  7,  1865. 

Absent  sick;  m.  o.  Aug.  1865,  order  War  Dept. 

From  Co.  H,  Nov.  '61;  d.  Sept.  '63,Camp  Sherman, Miss. 

Wd.  May,  1862,  bat.  Princton;  disc.  Aug.  1862. 

Mustered  out  Nov.  26,  1864,  expiration  term. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  3(1,  1864,  expiration  term. 

Discharged  April  14,  1864,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Mustered;!  out  with  company  August  7,  1.S65. 

Died  July  11,  1863,  at  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Died  June  11,  1863,  wds.  near  Vicksburg,  May  19, 1863. 

Died  at  Toledo,  June  3,  1863. 

D.  Aug.  '64,  Jetl'ville,  Ind,  of  wds.  Resaca,  May,  1864. 

Discharged  Sept.  1,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  July,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  Jan.  30,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 


170 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


yames. 


Kraigor,  Fricderick 

Kiebs,  Frank 

Lindhardt,  Christian... 

Loch.  Alois 

Lauber,  Joachim 

Lothes,  John 

Matler,  Joseph 

Shiver,  John 

Mfisler.  Martin 

Jloritz,  Joseph 

Jlook,  John 

Mueller,  Christian 

Mueller,  Max 

Nohl,  A.John 

Nohl,  Jacob 

Philliis,  Friederick 

Pfeipfer,  Nicolaus 

Racharter,  Christian 

Riedy,  Jacob 

Ritter,  Adam 

Ruhl,  Elias _. 

Rottenberg,  Henry 

Riichrath,  Adam 

Rottax.  Philip 

Schatlner,  Sebastian 

Schueeberger,  George__ 

Sines,  John 

Schroeder,  Andreas 

Stilbler,  August 

Schilling,  Andreas 

Sass,  John 

Stelzer,  Christian 

Sodaier,  Aaron 

Schickler,  Adam 

Steinerman,  Jacob 

Tundt.  Frank 

Theobold,  Jacob 

Truijr,  Michael 

Thomas.  John 

Udick,  Jacob 

Voegeli,  Oswold 

Yoelker,  Nicolaus 

Vongunter,  Christian  ._ 

Walscher,  George 

Welke,  Ludwig 

Wenger,  .Joseph 

Wengler.  Jacob 

Wenninger,  Lorenz 

Wenninger,  George 

Weber,  John 

Zimmer,  Michael 


Rank. 


Private. 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Mch 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Sept. 

Dec. 

Dec. 

Aug. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Sept, 

Nov. 

Dec. 

Aug. 

Sept, 

Feb. 

Sept, 

Sept, 

Sept, 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Dec. 

Mch 

Sept. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Feb. 

Nov. 

Aug. 

Dec. 

Dec. 

Sept, 

Sept 

Sept, 

Sept, 

Sept, 

Feb. 

Sept, 

Dec. 

Sept. 

Sept, 

Sept, 

Nov. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Nov. 


.2.5,1862 
3,  1801 
7,  1861 

7,  1S61 
25,  1861 
,25,  1861 
22,  186:'. 
18,  1863 

1,1864 

16,  1861 

16,1861 

.  4,  18(i2 

16,  1861 

30,  1861 

8,1862 

.  4,  1862 

28. 1862 
.  1,1862 
.  4,1862 
.23,  1861 

8,  1861 

9,  1861 
3,  1861 

10,  1861 

15,  1863 

21,1864 

,.11,1862 

15,  1S61 
9,  1861 
9,  1861 
9,  1861 

25,  1862 
9,  1861 

25,  1862 

18. 1863 
18,  1863 

.  4,1862 
,  4,  1862 
.  4,1862 
.  2,  1861 
.  2, 1861 

12,  1862 
.  1,1862 

20,  1863 
,  7,  1861 
,  6,1862 
.  4,  1862 

14  1861 
,  9,1862 
,27,1862 
,  14, 1861 


Ranarks. 


Mustered  out  May  25,  1865,  expiration  term. 
Transferred  to  JMarine  Brigade,  June  27,  1863. 
Killed  May  16,  18(i2,  at  battle  of  Princeton,  W.  Va. 
Killed  May  19,  1863,  in  action  near  Vicksburg. 
Killed  Mav  16,  1862,  in  battle  at  Princeton,  W.  Va. 
Died  Mayi  '62,  Raleigh,  Va.  of  wds.  atPrinceton,W.Va. 
Mustered  out  with  company  August  7,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  August  7,  1865. 

Discharged  Jan.  16,  1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  Jan.  14, 1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mastered  out  May  20,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 
Transferred  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  Nov.  15,  1863. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 
Mustered  out  May  30,  1865,  order  War.  Dept. 
Appointed  Acting  Assistant  Surgeon,  June  29,  1863. 
Died  Aug.  13,  '64,  near  Atlanta,  wds.  there,  Aug.  12,'64. 

Trans,  from  Co.  I ;  disc.  July,  186.3,  Surg,  certificate. 
Discharged  July  22,  1863,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Missing  bat.  Princeton;  disc.  Dec.  1863,  Surg.  ctf. 
Transferred  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps  Nov.  7,  1863. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  13,  1864,  expiration  term. 
Mustered  out  with  company  August  7,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  August  7,  1865. 
Died  June  2,  1864,  at  Bryan,  Ohio. 


Discharged  August  24,  1863,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Wd.  May  19,  '63,  Vicksburg;  dis.  Aug.  '63,  Surg.  ctf. 

Mustered  out  June  25,  1865,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Mustered  out  May  30,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 

Wd.  at  Jonesboro,  Aug.  1.S64;  mustered  outMay  18,'65. 

Mu.stered  out  with  company  August  7,  1865. 

Died  -luneO,  18(i3,  Young's  Point,  La. 

Discharged  Jan.  6,  1S63,  on  Surgeon's  certifiaate. 

Clustered  out  Ma\-  30,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 

Trans,  from  Co.  H,  Sept.  1862;  disc,  order  VVar  Dept. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Aug.  7,  1 865;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  May  30,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 
Mustered  out  with  comi)any  August  7,  18(i5. 
From  Co.  K,  April,  18(12;  killed  at  Princeton,  Mav,  '62. 
Died  at  Milliken's  Bend,  La.  April  29,  1863. 

Wd.  and  cap.  at  Princeton;  dis.  Dec.  1862,  S\irg.  ctf. 
Mustered  out  May  30,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 
Mustered  out  May  30,  1865,  order  War  Dept. 
Missing  bat.  Atlanta;  m.  o.  company  Aug.  7,  '65;  vet. 


THE  WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION  —  FIELD   WORK. 


171 


POETY-SEVBNTH    REGIMENT,    OHIO    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

THREE-YEARS'   SERVICE. 
This  Regiment  took  active  and  iionorable  part  in  the  folh)wing  liatlics  ; 


Jackson,  Mississippi. 

ViCK.SBURG,    MiSSI.SSIPPI. 

Lewisburg,  Virginia. 
Chakleston,  Virginia. 

TuscuMBiA,  Alabama. 
Mission  Eidge,  Georgia. 


The  Regiment  was  organized  at  Cani]i  Den- 
nison  August  13,  1861.  The  circumstances 
attending  the  work  of  recruiting  and  organ- 
izing were  unusually  embarrassing,  and  caus- 
ing much  delay  and  discouragement  with  the 
men.  Two  months  were  spent  in  getting  the 
several  Companies  tilled  and  readj'  for  Regi- 
mentiil  muster.  It  was  said  that  13  Nation- 
alities were  represented  in  the  command, 
Americans  and  Germans  constituting  much 
the  larger  portions.  But  one  Company  (I) 
was  from  Toledo.  Of  that  the  Captain  was 
llanaiiiah  D.  Pugh,  the  First  Lieutenant 
Horace  A.  Egbert,  from  August  28,  1861, 
until  drowned  in  West  Virginia,  October  9, 
1861,  when  Alonzo  Kingsbury  succeeded  him  ; 
and  the  Second  Lieutenant  Herbert  Stejer. 
The  Colonel  was  Frederick  Poschner,  jr.,  a 
Hungarian  Patriot  who  took  part  in  revolu- 
tionary operations  in  Hungary  in  1848,  hav- 
ing previously  been  an  officer  in  the  Prussian 
Army.  The  Lieutenant- Colonel  was  Lyman 
S.  Elliott,  of  Michigan  ;  and  the  Major,  Augus- 
tus C.  Parry,  of  Cincinnati. 

The  Regiment's  first  rendezvous  was  at 
Camp  Clay,  in  the  Eastern  suburbs  of  Cin- 
cinnati, June  10, 1861.  August  27th,  its  organi- 
zation having  been  perfected,  it  was  ordered 
to  Clarksburg,  West  Virginia,  to  report  to 
General  Roseerans.  August  29th  it  was  fully 
equipped  for  the  iield.  At  Weston,  the  Regi- 
ment was  divided.  Companies  A,  B,  C,  D,  H 
and  K,  under  the  Colonel  and  Major,  joining 
the  main  Army  ;  leaving  E,  F,  G  and  I,  under 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Elliott,to  guard  the  Village. 
Colonel  Poschner,  at  BuUtown,  was  brigaded 
with  the  Ninth  and  Twenty-Eighth  Ohio, 
under  Colonel  Robert  L.  McCook,  whose  com- 
mand was  familiarly  known  as  the  "  Bully 
Dutch  Brigade."  At  Sutton  Company  B  was 
left  as  re-enforcement  to  the  garrison,  the  re- 


Knoxville,  Tennessee. 
Resaca,  Georgia. 
Dallas,  Georgia. 
Kenesaw  Mountain,  Georgia. 
Atlanta,  Georgia. 
Jonesboro,  Tennessee. 


mainder  of  Colonel  Posclmi'r's  men  nujving  for- 
ward and  taking  part  in  (ho  battle  of  Carnilex 
Ferry.  September  2-tth  the  Brigade  crossed 
Gauley  River  and  advanced  on  Big  Sewell 
Mountain,  where  the  Regiment  sulfered  al- 
most beyond  description,  the  result  of  exces- 
sive rains  whereby  supplies  were  denied  them 
for  a  long  time  The  men  were  in  for  a  lively 
time.  They  were  on  quarter  rations  and 
without  clothing  to  make  them  comfortable  ; 
and  were  finally  forced  to  retire  to  Gauley 
Bridge,  Colonel  McCook's  Brigade  being  as- 
signed to  camp  about  six  miles  to  the  East. 
While  there  the  Forty-Seventh  with  the  Ninth 
Ohio  cro.ssed  the  New  River  to  Fayette  C.  H. 
and  destroyed  valuable  Rebel  property.  For 
four  days  the  Regiment  sulfered  from  incessant 
cannonading  from  FI03  d's  Rebel  force  across 
the  River,  but  Captain  Mack's  ten-pounder 
Parrotts  finally  silenced  the  enemy's  guns,  and 
he  retreated,  when  the  Forty-Seventh  went 
into  winter  quarters  at  Gaulej'  Mountain. 

A  letter  from  Captain  Pugh,  Co.  I,  of  date  of  Jan- 
uary 25th,  18G2,  gave  an  account  of  a  visit  he  had 
made  eight  miles  from  Camp  Gauley  Mountain,  to 
see  an  "  old  Virginian,"  91  years  of  age.  He  liad 
lived  in  the  place  73  years — was  an  old  hunter  and 
Indian-fighter,  who  had  personally  known  Daniel 
Boone  and  other  noted  pioneers.  He  was  a  strong 
Union  raan,  and  denounced  the  Secessionists  roundly. 
At  his  advanced  age,  he  was  able  to  read  the  finest 
print  without  glasses. 

On  the  19th  September,  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Elliott,  with  three  Companies  of  the  Regiment, 
had  marched  to  Cross  Lanes,  to  relieve  the 
Thirteenth  Ohio  and  Schneider's  Battery,  and 
succeeded  in  ridding  the  country  of  guerrilla 
bands.  His  force  performed  active  and  severe 
work,  by  night  and  by  day,  and  did  much  to 
8uj)portand  protect  loj'al  citizens. 

The  Regiment  was  re-united  at  Gauley 
Mountain    December  5,   1861,    and    began    a 


172 


HfSTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


line  of  fortifications  covering  Gauley  Eidge 
and  the  Kanawha  Valley,  which  it  occupied 
until  April,  1862,  with  the  exception  of  one 
week,  when  it  took  part  in  an  expedition  to 
Little  Sewell  Mountain  to  drive  the  Eebels 
from  their  quarters,  whose  works  were  de- 
stroje<l  anil  prisoners  taken.  Maj'  10th  the 
three  Companies  formed  part  of  a  force  under 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Elliott  which  moved  on 
Lewisburg,  and  was  entirely  successful,  the 
enemj'  being  routed  with  loss  of  camp  equi- 
page, horses,  and  many  prisoners.  The  Third 
Provisional  Brigade,  Colonel  George  Crook, 
Thirty-Sixth  Oiiio,  commanding,  was  organ- 
ized, the  Forty-Seventh  constituting  part  of 
the  Ibrce.  June  22d  the  Brigade  compelled 
the  Eebel  General  Lovering  to  retreat  to  Salt 
Pond  Mountain  and  captured  valuable  prop- 
erty from  him,  the  march  of  90  miles  being 
performed  in  three  days,  under  intense  heat, 
causing  cases  of  sun-stroke.  In  July,  the  Eeg- 
iment  under  Major  Parry,  performed  valuable 
service  on  expeditions,  including  the  suppres- 
sion of  guerrilla  bands. 

On  December  30,  1862,  the  Eegiment  took 
steamers  for  Louisville,  Kentucky,  and  Mem- 
phis, at  which  latter  point  it  joined  the  expedi- 
tion against  Vicksburg,  in  the  Third  Brigade, 
Second  Division,  Thirteentli  Corps.  Work  on 
the  canal  was  commenced  late  in  January,  1863. 
The  Eegiment  was  in  the  advance  to  the  rear 
of  Vicksburg,  reaching  Walnut  Hills  May  18th. 
On  the  19th  Colonel  Parry  (meantime  promo- 
ted fi'om  Lieutenant-Colonel),  led  an  impetu- 
ous charge  on  Cemeterj-  Hill,  which  was  par- 
tially successful,  but  with  severe  loss.  A  like 
charge  was  made  by  them  on  the  22d.  The 
Eegiment  was  in  front  line  on  Cemetery  Hill 
until  the  surrender  of  the  City.  The  nextdaj- 
after  the  surrender,  tiie  Fort}-Seventh  was 
dispatched  toward  Jackson,  Mississippi,  after 
Johnston's  forces,  and  took  part  in  the  capture 
of  Jackson,  when  Colonel  Parry  was  made 
Provost-Marshal,  and  his  Eegiment  destroyed 
the  Eebel  fortifications  and  the  Eailroad  about 
the  City.  September  27,  1863,  the  Corps 
proceeded  to  Memphis,  where  it  was  ordered 
to  marcli  to  Germantown.  Thence  the  Forty- 
Seventh  went  to  Corinth  ;  and  thence  to  luka, 
and  to  Tuscumbia,  Alabama.  On  the  21st  Oc- 
tober the  Eegiment  arrived  opposite  Chatta- 
nooga, and  at  once  constructed  rifle-pits  for  its 
use  on  the  South  side  of  the  Tennessee  Eiver. 


At  noon  of  the  24th,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Wal- 
lace in  command  of  the  skirmish  line,  the  whole 
army  advanced  and  opened  the  battle  of  Mis- 
sion Eidge,  in  which  the  Forty-Seventh  bore  a 
prominent  and  effective  part;  and  on  the  fol- 
lowing day,  it  joined  in  the  pursuit  of  the  re- 
treating enemy.  Subsequently  it  was  actively 
engaged  in  different  movements,  and  early  in 
November  it  was  sent  to  the  relief  of  Burnside; 
but  it  returned  to  Chattanooga  in  a  march  of 
great  severity,  the  men  being  without  shoes, 
with  scanty  clothing  and  almost  without  ra- 
tions, their  bloody  foot-prints  on  the  frozen 
ground  marking  their  line  of  march.  The  Eeg- 
iment was  at  Bellefonte  early  in  January,  1864, 
and  on  the  30th  performed  a  diversion  against 
Eome,  Georgia.  At  Lebanon,  Alabama,  a  skir- 
mish occurred,  February  3d.  It  then  proceed- 
ed to  Larkin's  Landing,  at  which  place  three- 
fourths  of  the  men  re-enlisted,  thus  making  the 
Fort3--Seveuth  a  Veteran  Eegiment.  A  denial 
of  the  customary  furlough  caused  some  dissat- 
isfaction on  thepart  of  the  men;  but  the  difficul- 
ty was  arranged,  and  the  Veterans  left  for  Ohio 
March  18th,  reaching  Cincinnati  on  the  22d. 
April  28th  the  Eegiment  again  left  Camp  Den- 
nison,and  Maj'  3d  at  Stevenson,  Alabama,  took 
its  place  in  the  Atlanta  campaign,  in  which  it 
bore  a  part  honorable  to  both  officers  and  men. 
At  Kenesaw  Colonel  Parry  was  severely 
wounded,  the  command  devolving  on  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel Wallace,  who  led  it  until  taken 
prisoner  in  the  action  near  Atlanta,  when  Ma- 
jor Taylor  took  command,  holding  the  same 
until  Colonel  Parry's  recovery,  September  30th. 

November  15th,  the  Forty-Seventh,  as  part 
of  Sherman's  Army,  commenced  the  "  March 
to  the  Sea."  This  accomplished,  the  Eegiment 
was  prominent  in  the  Northerly  advance. 
At  Port  McAllister,  December  13th,  it  was  in 
the  advance,  and  was  prominent  throughout  the 
engagement,  and  its  colors  were  believed  to  have 
been  the  first  planted  on  the  Eebel  fortress. 
The  Seventeenth  Ohio  disputed  for  this  honor. 

The  Eebellion  finally  collapsed,  the  Forty- 
Seventh  was  permitted  to  join  in  the  march 
through  the  Confederate  Capital  to  Washing- 
ton City,  and  participate  in  the  grand  review 
there.  It  entered  the  field  with  830  men,  who, 
at  the  close  of  the  Atlanta  campaign  were  re- 
duced to  120  ;  but  were  recruited  to  520.  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel Wallace  was  paroled  at  the 
close  of  operations  and  died  soon  alter,    from 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD  WORK. 


173 


effects  of  starvation  while  a  prisoner  of  war. 
Colonels  Parry  and  Taylor  wei-e  both  brevet- 
ted  Brigadier  General.  From  Washington  the 
Regiment  proceeded  to  Cincinnati,  and  thence 
to  Little  Eock,  Arkansas,  where  it  served  in 
the  "Army  of  Occupation  "  until  August  11th, 


when  it  was  mustered  out  and  again  left  for 
Camp  Denuison,  Ohio,  where  it  arrived  August 
22d  and  was  paid  off  and  discharged,  after  a 
service  of  four  years,  two  months  and  nine 
days,  having  campaigned  through  every  South- 
ern State,  save  Texas,  Florida  and  Missouri. 


ROSTER  OF  COMPANY  I. 


Names. 


Hananiah  D.  Pugh 

Horace  A.  Egbert 

Alonzo  Kingsbury 

William  C.Wright 

Wm.  C.  Kimbal 

Leverett  H.  Clendeniu. 

Hubert  Steyer 

John  W.  Wilbur 

Manley  Turner 

Almon  Tiney 

Joseph  Picott 

Edward  M.  Kelley 

James  Blane 

Washington  King 

Wm.  S.  Beckham 

Mansel  McCormick 

Ebenezer  Colwell 

Edmond  A.  Sprague 

Jacob   Huddelmeyer 

Peter  Foster 

John  Shuler 

Peter  Reno 

Charles   Blane 

Joseph  Sudborough 

Matthew  M.  Davis 

Oliver  Duvall 

Martin  McKnigbt 

Uriah  Cheney  (Chaney) 

John   Kiff 

Henry   Carpenter 

John  E.  Morris 

Samuel  D.  Butterfield... 

Atkins,  John 

Alguire,  Levi 

Blane,   Robert 

Butterfleld,  Samuel  D._. 

Baumer,  Augustus 

Butts,    William  B 

Brockway,   Matthew 

Bevoir,  Isadore 

Butler,  Michael 

Cox,  Noah   W 

Chapman,  Henry 

Cloiier,  Augustus 

Crooksbanks,  Win 

Carles  (Cowles),  Chas-  _. 

Chamberlain,  Levi 

Calkins,  Orin  B 

Carpenter,   Henry 

Culver,  George 

Clark,  Thomas 

Clendenin,  Leverett  H_. 

Crockett,  Samuel 

Elliott,  Daniel 

Fredon,  Henry 

Folsom,  Eldredge 


Rank. 


Captain. 
1st  Lieut. 


2d  Lieut. 
Sergeant. 


Corporal. 


Private. 


June 
June 
June 
June 
June 
June 
June 
June 
June 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Aug.  28, 1861 
Aug.  28, 1861 
Nov.  27, 1861 
Jan.  9,  1862 
June  15, 1861 
Aug.  15,  1861 
Aug.  28, 1861 
June  15, 1862 


Re-marks. 


15,1861 
15, 1861 
13,1861 
1.5,  1861 
15, 1861 
10, 1861 
15, 1861 
15, 1861 
15, 1861 


June  15, 1861 
June  25, 1861 

Mch.  9,  1864 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  1.5, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
Nov.  1,  1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
Oct.  19,  1864 
June  15, 1861 
Mar.  9,  1864 
June  15, 1861 
Dec.  26,  1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
Oct.  18,  1861 
June  15, 1861 
Nov.  25, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
IJune  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
Aug.  15,  1861 
June  15, 1861 
Aug.  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
Nov.   1,  1861 


Mustered  out  September  28,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 

Drowned  Oct.  9,  1861,  Carnifex  Ferry,  Va. 

Appointed  Regimental  Q.  M.  October  31, 1862. 

Pro.  1st  Lieut.  Nov.  18(>2;  dis.  January  19,  1864. 

Pro.  2d  Lieut.  B,  Jan.  1863;  trans.  Co.  D,  Sept.  14,  1863. 

Pro.  1st  Lieut.  Jan.  1865;  m.  u.  with  Co.  Aug.  186.5. 

Discharged  August  26,  1862. 

Pro.  2d  Lieut.  Nov.  29,  1862;  resigned  Nov.  1864. 

Appointed  Corpl.  Mar.  1862;  Sergt.  Oct.  1862;  IstSergt. 

Mar.  1864;  mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  August  15,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  August  15,  1865;  veteran. 
Died  July  15,  1863,  from  wounds. 
Captured  July  22,  1864,  b.attle  of  Atlanta;  veteran. 
Veteran. 

Discharged  June,  1862.  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mustered  out  August  20,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Transferred  to  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  October  30,  1864. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  August  11,  1885;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  August  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  August  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  August  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  August  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  August  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Killed  July  22,  1864,  at  Atlanta. 
Died  July,  1863,  at  Louisyille,  Ky. 

Appointed  Corporal  January  1,  1862. 

Mustered  out  Nov.  10,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 


Mustered  out  with  company,  August,  1865. 


Captured  July,  1864.  battle  of  Atlanta;  veteran. 
Discharged  Feb.  20, 1863,  Gallipolis,  0.,Sur.  certificate. 
Injured  by  falling  tree,  June  22,  1H63,  at  Vicksburg. 
Dis.  June,  1865;  wounded  July  22,  1864,  Atlanta;  vet. 
Mustered  out  August  20,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Absent  sick  since  June,  1864,  at  Columbus. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  August,  1865. 
Died  in  hosp.  Mav,  1863,  at  Young's  Point,  La. 
Died  July  22, 1862,  in  Fayette  Co.,  Va. 


Discharged  from  hospital  at  Gallipolis,  O. 
Discharged  Oct.  19, 1862,  Gallipolis,  O.  Surg,  certificate. 
Mustered  out  August  20,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  August  20,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 

Killed  May  19,  1863,  in  assault  at  Vicksburg. 


Killed  May  19,  1863,  in  assault  at  Vicksburg. 


174 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Names. 


Gonicer  (Goinearl.Henry 
Gilson,  Deary  (DeiTy)_. 

Gillson,    Norman 

Geary,  Miles 

Ilall,'  John 

Henwood,  John  AV 

Ilinkle,   .Ararfin 

Hall,   Samuel 

Hicks,  David  H  

Havens,  George 

Hazlewood,  John 

ITiuUllemeyer,  Frederick 

Jacobs,  Julius 

Kirk,  George 

Ladoe  (Ladue),  Ezra 

Lillis,  William 

Morris,  John  J 

Mason,  Wm.  J 

JIcGrath,   Thomas 

Mangle,  Jacob 

Moore,  Thomas 

Morrow,  Joseph 

McDowell.  Wm  H 

Morreau,  Joseph 

Oberfell  (Oberfield),John 

Osborn,  Blanchard 

Patton,   Andrew 

Patterson,  Sylvester 

Partland,  James 

Perry,    Robert  B 

Partlin,  James 

Parker,  Mark 

Palmer,  Levi 

Kobertson,  John 

Rice,   Wm.  P 

Shriner,  Paul 

Stedman,  Clark 

Stedman,  Horace 

Sturdivant,  Cautious  .  _. 

Stone,   Elijah  J 

Satterly,  Horace 

Squires,  Edgar  A 

Treadway.  Martin  V 

Varin,  John 

Woods,   Edward 

Wood,  Garret  V 

White,  Jacob  

Washner,    Jerry 

Wmchell,  Benjamin 

Wiley,  Lorenzo 


Rmk. 


Private. 


Bate  of 

Entering 

the.  Service. 


June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
Aug.  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
Aug.  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15,  1861 
Aug.  15,  1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
Nov.  1,1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15,  1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15,  1861 
June  15, 1861 
Aug.  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
Aug.  15,  1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
Aug.  15, 1861 
June  15, 1861 
Aug.  15,  1861 
June  15, 1861 


Ranarks. 


Mustered  out  witli  company,  August,  1865;  veteran. 
Died  at  Weston,  Va. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  with  Company,  August  11,  1865;  veteran. 

Killed  Sept.  13,  1862,  In  action  at  Charleston,  Va. 
Died  September,  1802. 

Discharged  October  16,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mustered  out  August  20,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Captured  July,  1864,  battle  Atlanta;  m.  o.  exp.  of  term. 
Killed  May  22,  1863,  siege  of  Vick.sburg. 
Mustered  out  August  20,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Cap.  July,  1864,  bat.   Atlanta;  m.  o.  with  Co.;  veteran. 
Discharged  Oct.  1862,  G^llipolis,  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Mustered  out  with  company,  August  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  Augu.st  11,  1865;  veteran. 
Died  November  4,  1863,  at  Memphis.  Tenn. 
Discharged  October  11,  1862. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Transferred  to  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  Septendjer  1,  1803. 


Mustered  out  August  20,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Mustered  out  August  20,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 
Died  December  26,  1862,  Charleston,  Va. 
Died  July  8,  1863,  in  hospital  at  Vicksburg. 
Discharged  October  7,  1862.  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Mustered  out  August  20,  1804,  expiration  of  term. 


Died  of  wounds  at  assault  of  Vicksb\irg,  May,  1803. 

Promoted  Q.  M.  Sergt.  May  1,  1864. 

Mustered  out  with  company  August  11,  1865;  veteran. 

Died  September  4,  1861,  in  West  Virginia. 

Died  September  20,  1803,  Camp  Sherman,  Miss. 

Died  March  14,  1862,  at  Gauley  Mountain,  Va. 

Died  September  1,  1863. 

Discharged  August,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Transferred  to  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  September  1,  1862. 

Died  Mav  19,  '64,  of  wounds  at  Resaca,  May,  1864. 

Killed  at  battle  of  Atlanta,  July  22,  1864. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1864,  expiration  of  term. 

Discliarged  Oct.  15, 1803,  at  Vicksburg,  on  promotion. 

Died  July  7,  1865,  at  Sylvania,  O. 

Discharged  April,  1862,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharged  October  4,  1862,  Gallipolis,  Surgeon's  etf. 

Discharged  at  Gallipolis,  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 


SIXTY-SEVENTH   EEGIMENT,  OHIO  VOLUNTEBE  INFANTEY. 


This  Eegiment  was  constituted  of  the  frac- 
tional Eegiments — the  Forty-Fifth  and  Sixty- 
Seventh,  and  loft  Camp  Chase  January  19, 
1862,  for  We.st  Virginia,  where  it  passed  under 
command  of  General  F.  W.  Lander.  The 
month  of  February  was  chiefly  spent  at  Paw 
Paw  Tunnel,  the  only  movement  outside  being 
a  march  to  Bloomery  Gap.  March  5th  it 
moved  to  Winchester,  joining  the  Division  of 
General  Shields,  where  it  had  frequent  skir- 
mishes on  the  picket-line  with  Ashby'.s  Cavalry. 


THREE  YEARS'  SERVICE. 

March  22d,  the  Eegiment  joined  Banks' 
command  at  Winchester,  and  was  soon  en- 
gaged with  the  Eebels,  driving  them  until  into 
the  night  and  as  far  South  as  Kearnstown. 
The  men  lay  on  their  arms  all  night,  and  the 
next  morning  were  the  first  to  engage  the  eu- 
emy.  The  Infantry  fighting  liaving  fairly 
opened,  the  Eegiment  was  ordered  to  re-enforce 
General  Tyler's  Brigade,  to  do  which  it  was 
necessary  to  pass  an  open  field,  exposed  to  the 
enemy's  tire  lor  three-fourths  of  a  mile,  which 


THE  WAR  OF    THE  REBELLION— FIELD   WORK. 


175 


was  done  in  double-quick,  the  command  com- 
ing into  action  in  fine  order.  In  that  action 
the  Regiment  lost  15  killed  and  32  wounded. 
From  that  time  until  the  last  of  June  following, 
it  rendered  severe  service  in  the  marches  to 
and  fro  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  over  the 
mountains  and  back,  from  the  Potomac  to  Har- 
risonburg, from  Front  Royal  to  Fredricks- 
burg,  Fredericksburg  to  Manassas,  Manassas  to 
Port  Republic,  and  thence  to  Alexandria. 

June  29th,  the  Regiment  took  passage  bj' 
water  for  the  James,  to  re-enforce  McClcllan. 
On  the  night  of  the  30th,  when  near  the  mouth 
of  Chesapeake  Bay,  the  troops  were  subject  to 
great  peril  and  distress,  in  consequence  of  the 
parting  of  the  Steamer  and  Barge,  from  a 
severe  storm.  Men,  horses,  arms  and  other 
ecjuipage  were  swept  overboard,  and  it  was 
nearly  an  hour  before  the  two  crafts  could  be 
re-attached.  The  Regiment  at  Harrison's 
Landing  camjiaigned  with  the  Potomac  Army 
until  the  evacuation  of  the  Peninsula,  when, 
with  only  300  men  for  duty  out  of  850,  it  went 
to  Suffolk,  Yirginia.  While  there  it  was  per- 
mitted the  first  opportunity  for  rest  and  drill. 
Late  in  December  following  it  was  transferred 
to  North  Carolina  and  to  Hilton  Head,  reaching 
the  latter  February  1,  18G3.  It  shared  liber- 
ally in  the  Charleston  expedition,  landing  at 
Cole's  Island  April  2d.  From  that  time  until 
November,  it  heroically  met  all  the  hardships, 
l^rivations  and  dangers  of  the  extraordinary 
siege,  and  was  specially  prominent  in  the  san- 
guinary attack  on  Fort  Wagner,  sustaining 
heavy  loss  at  different  times. 

Its  term  of  service  having  exj)ired,  the  Regi- 
ment re-enlisted  with  creditable  unanimity, 
and  returned  to  Ohio,  reaching  Toledo,  Feb- 
ruary 20,  18G4,  where  it  was  welcomed  with 
great  enthusiasm  by  the  peof)le,  whose  spokes- 
man, M.  R.  Waite  (now  Chief  Justice),  ad- 
dressed them  in  appropriate  terms,  and  was 
responded  to  by  Colonel  Voris  It  so  hap- 
pened that  the  First  Regiment,  O.  V.  M.,  had 
arranged  for  the  commemoration  of  Washing- 
ton's Birthday,  at  that  time,  whicii  fact  added 
much  to  the  interest  of  the  occasion.  De- 
positing their  guns  at  Hanks'  Hall,  the 
Regiment  marched  to  the  Oliver  House  for 
dinner. 

The  Regiment's  furlough  having  expired,  it 
left  Toledo  for  the  field  March  24,  1864,  reach- 
ing Bermuda  Hundred,  Yirfrinia,  under  Gen- 


eral B.  F.  Butler.  May  ()th.  On  theflth  it  was 
detached  as  guard  for  tlic  right  flank  of  the 
Tenth  Corps,  which  had  gone  to  destroy  the 
Railroad  between  Chester  and  Pcter.sburg. 
During  the  night  the  Rebels  were  re-enforced, 
and  the  next  morning  made  a  general  attack ; 
but  the  Regiment  maintained  its  position  to 
the  last,  presenting  an  unbroken  front  to  four 
successive  charges.  The  day  was  made  mem- 
orable with  the  Regiment  by  the  glorious, 
though  sad,  ordeal  to  which  it  was  there  sub- 
jected. Its  killed  and  wounded  numbered  65, 
officers  and  men.  On  the  20th  of  May,  a  por- 
tion of  the  Union  lines  having  fallen  into  the 
hands  of  the  Rebels,  the  Sixty-Seventh,  with 
other  Regiments,  was  designated  to  recapture 
it,  which  they  did  by  a  charge  which  cost  the 
Regiment  60  officers  and  men  killed  antl 
wounded.  The  Rebel  General  W.  H.  S.  Walker 
was  wounded  and  captured,  his  sword  being 
taken  as  a  trophj-.  August  16th,  four  Com])a- 
nies  of  the  Regiment  charged  the  Rebel  rifle- 
jjits  at  Deep  River,  and  at  the  first  volley 
lost  one-third  of  its  men ;  but  the  position 
was  gained  before  the  enemy  could  re-load. 
On  the  7th,  13th,  27th  and  28th  of  October,  the 
Regiment  was  again  engaged  with  the  Rebels, 
losing  over  100  of  its  force.  During  the  Spring 
and  Summer  of  1864,  it  many  times  confronted 
the  enemy,  always  within  range  of  their  guns; 
and  it  is  stated  by  officers  qualified  to  judge, 
that  during  the  year  it  was  under  fire  200 
times.  Danger  seemed  to  attend  its  every 
movement.  For  weeks  at  a  time,  the  men 
wore  their  accouterments.  Of  over  6(MI  mus- 
kets taken  out  in  the  Spring,  fully  360  were 
laid  aside  during  the  year  on  account  of 
casualties. 

In  the  spring  of  1865,  the  Regiment  partici- 
pated in  the  assault  on  the  Rebel  works  below 
Petersburg;  on  April  2d  was  foremost  in  the 
charge  at  Fort  Gregg;  and  at  Ajjpomattox  C, 
H,  was  "in  at  the  death,"  bearing  its  battle- 
flag  proudly  in  the  last  fight  with  Lee's  once 
proud  Army  of  Northern  Virginia.  May  5th, 
the  Regiment  garrisoned  the  District  of  South 
Anna,  Virginia,  till  December,  1865.  Mean- 
time the  Sixty-Second  Ohio  was  consolidated 
with  it,  the  latter  retaining  its  organization. 
The  Sixty-Seventh  was  mustered  out  December 
12th,  lacking  onl}'  six  dajs  of  a  Regimental  ex- 
istence of  four  j'ears,  and  with  but  two  of  its 
original  officers  left.     It  had  ijiven  Colonels  to 


176 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


four  Eegiraents  (111th,  120th,  182d  and  184th 
Ohio);  and  furnished  one  Brevet  Major-Gen- 
eral and  two  Brevet  Brigadier-Generals. 

Among  the  brave  men  of  this  Kegiment 
killed  in  the  battles  of  May  9  and  10,  1864, 
near  Petersburg,  was  First  Lieutenant  George 
M.  Ballard,  Company  I.  He  was  a  son  of 
James  Ballard,  Toledo,  and  a  young  man  of 
superior  endowments.  His  last  words  to  a 
fi-iend  on  leaving  Toledo,  after  having  re-en- 
listed, were:  "If  you  hear  nothing  else  from 
me,  I  hope  you  will  hear  that  I  did  my  duty." 
The  next  intelligence  of  him  received  by  that 
friend,  was,  that  he  had  been  shot  down  in 
battle,  in  the  place  where  a  superior  oflScer  had 
placed  him,  and  while  taking  aim  at  Eebels 
within  five  rods  of  him.  Indeed,  he  "  did  his 
duty."  His  remains  were  brought  to  Toledo, 
where  they  were  buried  June  3d,  fi'om  the  resi- 
dence of  the  family,  29  ISTorth  street. 

In  February,  1865,  private  David  Conlisk, 
Company  £,  Sixth-Seventh  Ohio,  was  home  at 
Toledo  on  a  furlough  of  20  days.  On  his  fur- 
lough was  this  endorsement  by  Major-General 
Gibbons,  commanding  First  Division,  ap- 
proved by  Major-General  Ord,  commanding  the 
Corps  :  "  Furlough  granted  for  20  days,  for 
being  the  best-appearing  Soldier  in  the  First 
Division,  Twenty-Fourth  Army  Corps,  on  in- 
spection, February  2,1865."  The  significance 
of  such  endorsement  will  be  appreciated  when 
it  is  understood  how  it  was  gained.  Examina- 
tion was  made  in  each  Eegiment  for  the  man 
best  skilled  in  handling  the  musket  and  whose 
arms  and  accouterments  were  in  best  condi- 
tion ;  such  Soldier  was  sent  to  Brigade  head- 
quarters, where  he  met  like  competitors  ft'om 
the  other  Regiments;  after  which  the  best  was 
sent  to  Division  headquarters,  where  he  was 
compared  with  representatives  from  the  other 
Brigades,  the  whole  being  examined  and  drilled 
about  two  hours  in  the  most  thorough  manner. 
Through  all  this  rigid  scrutin}-  and  relentless 
test,  did  David  Conlisk  come  out  triumphant,  to 
win  the  distinction  of  being  "  the  best-appear- 
ing Soldier  in  the  First  Division,  Twenty- 
Fourth  Army  Corps."  Until  this  furlough  he 
had  never  been  absent  a  day  from  his  Com- 
pany (over  three  years);  had  been  in  all  the 
battles  of  the  Eegiment  ;  and  had  never  re- 
ceived an  injury  in  the  service. 

In  this  connection,  it  may  be  stated,  that 
about  the  same  time,  examination  was  made  to 


ascertain  which  Regiment  in  each  Brigade  of 
the  same  Division  was  in  the  best  condition 
and  madethebest  appearance, when  itappeared 
that  the  Sixty-Seventh  won  such  honor  in  its 
Brigade.  A  similar  examination  for  the  Di- 
vision, had  the  same  result.  Whereupon,  that 
command  was  entitled  to  relief  from  picket 
duty  and  outside  details  for  two  weeks;  but  in 
the  spirit  of  the  true  Soldier,  the  men  volun- 
tarily offered  to  perform  their  regular  labor, 
and  thus  relieve  the  other  Regiments  of  ad- 
ditional service,  very  severe  at  that  season  of 
the  year. 

The  losses  sustained  by  the  Sixty-Seventh 
Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry,  as  officially  reported 
bj'  Colonel  A.  C.  Voris,  at  the  close  of  the  War, 
were  as  follows : 

At  Winchester,  Virginia,  March  23,  18(52,  lost  47. 

At  Morris  Island,  South  Carolina,  July  10,  1863 ; 
Fort  Wagner,  South  Carolina,  July  18,  1863;  and 
siege  of  Morris  Island,  South  Carolina,  July,  August 
and  September,  1863,  lost  133. 

At  Chester  Station,  Virginia,  May  10,  1864,  lost  76. 

At  Weir  Bottom  Church,  Virginia,  May  20,  1864, 
lost  70. 

At  Bermuda  Hundred,  Virginia,  May,  June,  July 
and  August,  1864,  lost  22. 

At  Deep  Run,  Virginia,  August  14  and  16,  1864, 
lost  44. 

At  Petersburg,  Virginia,  August  and  September, 
1S64,  lost  1.5. 

At  Newmarket  Heights,  Virginia,  September  29, 
1864,  lost  2. 

At  Darbytown,  Virginia,  October  13,  1864,  lost  62. 

At  Charleston  Road,  Virginia,  October  27  and  28, 
1864,  lost  28. 

At  Petersburg,  Fort  Gregg,  Virginia,  April  2,  1865, 
lost  66. 

At  Appomattox  C.  H.,  Virginia,  April  9, 1865,  lost  8. 

These  aggregate  577.  Colonel  Voris  stated 
that  losses  sustained  on  other  occasions  would 
swell  the  aggregate  to  over  600. 

March  23,  1867,  the  survivors  of  the  Sixty- 
Seventh  commemorated  the  anniversary  of  the 
first  battle  of  Winchester,  March  23,  1862,  at 
the  American  House,  Toledo.  In  that  severe 
engagement — one  of  the  fiercest  of  the  War — 
the  Sixty-Seventh  bore  a  conspicuous  part  and 
suffered  severely.  The  Eebels  lost  800  killed 
and  wounded,  and  500  captured.  Battery  H, 
First  Ohio  Artillery,  was  also  prominent  in  the 
tight.  The  enemy  were  under  command  of 
General  T.  J.  Jackson,  who  on  that  occasion 
received  the  name  of  "  Stonewall,"  from  having 
fought  in  part  from  behind  a  stone-wall.     On 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— FIELD   WORK. 


177 


this  occasion  toasts  were  responded  to  by  Gen-  C.Lewis;  Surgeon  S.  P.  Forbes;  R.  0,  Lemmon, 

eral  John  R.  Bond  (Major  of  the  Sixty-Seventh  Esq.;    Sergeant    Wm.    Corlett    (Battery    H.) '; 

at  the  battle);  M.  R.   Waite;    Adjutant    R.J.  Captain  J.  J.  Weaver,  and  Color-Sergeant  Mc- 

Hathaway  ;  Adjutant  John  Faskin;  Captain  C.  Donald. 


STAFF  OF  SIXTY-SEVENTH   REGIMENT. 


Names. 


Otto  Burstenbinder 

Alvin  C.  Voris 

Alvin  C.  Voris 

John  R.  Bond 

Henry  S.  Commager 

Lewis  Cas.s  Hunt 

Plenry  R.  We.st 

John  R.  Bond 

Henry  S.  Commager 

Edwin  S.  Piatt 

Lewis  Butler  . 

Thomas  J.  Piatt 

Samuel  F.  Forbes 

James  Westfall 

James  Westfall 

C.  Costan 

Joseph  H.  Van  Deman. 

A.  S.  Combs 

John  Crabbs 


Rank. 


Colonel. 

Lieut.  Colonel. 
(( 

Major. 

K 
tl 

Surgeon. 

(t 

Asst.  Surgeon. 
({ 

(( 
Chaplain. 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Oct.  17,1861 
Oct.  17,  1861 
Oct.  2, 1861 
July  29, 1862 
Aug.  28, 1862 
Mar.  18,  1865 


Oct.  1,  1861 
July  29,  1862 
Aug.  28, 1862 
Jan.  13,  1863 


Oct.  10, 1861 
Oct.  7,  1863 
Jan.  9,  1862 
Apr.  24,  1862 
May  9,  1863 
Nov.  3,  1861 
Jan.  15, 1862 


Remarks. 


Dismissed  July  29,  1862. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Promoted  to  Colonel. 

Mustered  out  August  28,  1862. 

Mustered  out  for  promotion  February  7,  1863. 

Mustered  out  September  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Promoted  to  Lieutenant  Colonel. 

Promoted  to  Lieutenant  Colonel. 

Resigned  January  13,  1863. 

Discharged  for  promotion  October  10,  1864. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Resigned  October  13,  1863. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon. 

Resigned  March  6,  1863. 

Commission  returned. 

Mustered  out  May  16,  1865. 

Resigned  July  7,  1864. 


ROSTER  OF  COMPANY   A. 


Navies. 


Theodore  J.  Curtis 

Henry  S.  Commager  _ 

Lewis  C.  Hunt    

George  (J.  Tappan 

Cluarles  F.  Handy 

Charles  L.  Stevens 

Harvey  Aldrich 

Andrew  J.  Bowman  _ 

Geo.  W.  Baker 

Alva  Howe 

James  S.  Baxter 

John  L.  Yeamans 

Wm.  R.  Lucas 

Homer  Sawver 

Wm.  H.  Sindle 

John  T.  Bailey 

James  Brocken. 

Geo.  AV.  E.  Conklin  . 

Robert  Fairchilds 

Joseph  Hughes 

Horace  Man.sfleld 

Wm.  Price    

Samuel  Peck 

Vinson  Smith"' 

Theodore  Sebring 

Royal  C.  Stevens, 

Wm.  Waffle 

John  Alexander 

Albert  Borne 

Arthur  Borton 


Rank. 


Captain. 

(( 

(( 

1st  Lieut. 

(( 

(( 
(( 

2d  Lieut. 

u 

(C 

1st  Sergt. 

(( 
it 

Sergeant. 


Corporal. 


44 

Oct.     8,  1861 

20 
23 

Nov.  19,1861 
Oct.  28,  1861 

21 

Nov.   5,1861 

'32" 

Oct7277is6i 

Date   Qj 

Entering  tlie 

Service. 


Remarks. 


Nov. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

'Vug. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Sept. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Aug. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Aug. 


4, 1861 

28,  1861 

5,  1861 

19,  1861 

4, 1861 

17,  1861 

19,  1861 

19,  1861 

16,1862 

1,  1864 

30,  1861 

3,1862 

1,  1861 

7,  1861 

7,  1862 

5,  1861 

5, 1861 

28,  1861 

7,  1862 


Transferred  from  co.  G,  Sept.  1,  1865;  Brevet  Major. 
Promoted  Lieutenant  Colonel. 
Discharged  Sept.  1,18()5,  by  reason  of  consolidation. 
From  CO.  F,  Sept.  1,  1865;  mustered  out  with  company. 
Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Wounded  July,  1863,  Ft.  Wagner;  transferred  to  co.  H. 
Wd.  July,  1863,  near  Ft.  Wagner;  m.  o.  exp.  of  term. 
Transferred  to  company  E. 

Ap.  2d  Lieutenant  March  27,  1865;  m.  o.  with  company. 
Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Supposed  killed  at  Ft.  Wagner,  July  IS.  1863.  ' 
Discharged  November  10,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Discharged  July,  1864,  Bermuila  Humlred,  Virginia. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  1,  1865,  as  supernumerary;  veteran. 
From  CO.  F,  Sept.  '65;  mustered  out  with  co.;  veteran. 
Died  July,  1863,  Charleston,  S.  C.  wds.  at  Ft.  Wagner. 
Died  August  9,  1862,  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania. 
From  CO.  F,  September  1,  1865;  m.  o.  with  co";  veteran. 
Died  August  29,  1863,  at  Newbern,  North  Carolina. 
Mu.stered  out  June  21,  1865,  at  Richmond,  Virginia. 
Died  Augu.st,  1864,  in  rebel  prison. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  December  7,  1865;  vet. 
Trans.  V.  Res.  Cps.  Sept.  '63;  m.  o.  Sept.  '65,  exp.  term. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  December  7,  1865;  vet. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  December  7,  1865;  vet. 
Mustered  out  May  24,  1865,  at  Fort  Monroe. 

Mustered  out  with  company,  December  7,  1865;  vet. 
Discharged  Augu.st  4,  1863,  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C. 
Mustered  out  June  21,  1865,  at  Richmond,  Va.;  vet. 


178 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Names. 


Rank. 


Ainaziah  Olark 

Peter  ('ranker 

Michael  Fouble 

Joseph  Kullorton 

Frederick  Foster 

ThoiiKis  (iirdham 

Geo.  Mauley 

Kaiulolpli  I'letsig 

Henry  A.  Hampson-„ 

OrrinN.  Howe 

Robert  S.  Keith 

John  Metzger 

Isaac  Miller 

Napoleon  Nearing 

Edward  Roth 

James  8.  Smith 

Samuel  .Shifi'ter 

James  Wilcox 

Wm.  Van  Fleet 

Albert  R.  Button    

Van  Buren  A.  Knapp. 

Nelson  R.  Masters 

John  Morris 

Benjamin  F.  Stowe 

Wm.  Newitt 

All,  Francis 

Alexander,  Charles 

Ballard,  Franklin 

Barnes,  George 

Bailey,  Henry 

Barden,  Frederick 

Bayes,  Sanford  P 

Beach,  Thomas 

Beach,  John 

Bennett,  Harrison 

Bird,  Asher  E 

Bowdle,  John  W 

Brady,  Peter 

Brace,  Franklin 

Brown,  Isaac 

Brown,  Daniel 

Burr,  Charles 

Buckley,  Royal 

Buckley,  Freeman  E_.. 

Burton,  Joseph  W 

Carter,  James 

Carter,  Andrew 

Galley,  Charles  E 

Cheney,  David 

Clark,  Leander 

Cobb,  F>nest 

Connely,  John  E 

Grout,  Charles  W 

Grout,  Elijah. 

Grout,  George  W 

Crosby,  Lyman 

Drayton,  John 

Drayton,  George 

Doran,  Isaac 

Edwards,  Edson 

Emmerson,  Hiram 

Emmerson,  Emmett  _. 

Ewers,  Gladney 

Fairchild,  Charles 

Farr,  Kimball 

Fetterman,  Peter 

Frayer,  Royal 

Gay,  Hiram 

Gilford,  George 

Green,  Samuel 

Hetsig,  John 

Hetsig,  Frederick 


Corporal. 


Musician. 


Wagoner. 
Private. 


23 

25 

18 

18 

18 

21 

19 

41 

21 

21 

20 

25 

44 

19 

18 

18 

18 

25 

19 

31 

31 

30 

28 

20 

42 

33 

22 

19 

21 

21 

44 

21 

22 

29 

30 

18 

25 

18 

20 

19 

22 

IS 

18 

20 

40 

33 

IS 

19 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Nov.  12, 1863 
Sept.  16, 1862 


Remarks. 


44 
26 
18 
18 
19 
25 
29 
40 
18 
29 
18 
19 
22 
32 
26 
18 
26 

"is" 


Oct.  17,  1861 

Aug.  25,  1862 

Oct.  17,1861 

Nov.  25,  1861 

Dec.    9,  1861 

Nov.   8,  1861 

Nov.   4,1861 

Oct.  23,  1861 

Nov.  5,  1861 

Jan.  10,  1864 

Nov.   4,  1861 

Nov.   9,1861 

Nov.   4,1861 

Oct.     9, 18t;i 

Nov.   4, 1861 

Nov.   8,1861 

Feb.  24,  1862 

Nov.   9,  1861 

Aug.    8,1862 

Oct.  27,  1861 

Oct.  28,1861 

Nov.   4,  1861 

Nov.  9, 1861 

Nov.  25, 1861 

Oct.  11,  18{il 

Oct.     1,1862 

Sept.  26, 1862 

Oct.     9,  18(;2 

Aug.  10, 1862 

Oct.  17.  1S61 

Oct.  28,1861 

Oct.     7,  1862 

Aug.  15,  1862 

Aug.  15, 1862 

Oct.     2,1862 

Oct.  17, 1S61 

Nov.   4,  1861 

Nov.   8,1861 

Oct.     2,  1862 

Dec.  10, 1861 

Nov.   5,  1861 

Dec.    9, 1863 

Nov.   7,  1861 

Nov.   4,  1861 

Nov.   9,  1861 

Oct.  22,  18()1 

Nov.   9,  1861 

Dec.    2,  1861 

Oct.  10,  1S62 

Nov.   9, 1S61 

Nov.   8,  1861 

Nov.   9,  1861 

Nov.   5,  1861 

Oct.  27,  1861 

Nov.   4.  18(il 

Oct.  22,  18(S1 

Aug.  17, 1862 

Nov.   G,  1861 

Nov;  25, 1861 

Aug.  15, 1S62 

Nov.  8,  1S61 

Aug.  15,  1862 

Nov.  22,  1S61 

Oct.  21,1861 

Aug    1,  1862 

Dec.  11,  1861 

Nov.   1,  1861 

Sept.  9, 1862 

Dec.    9,  1861 


M.  o.  Sept.  1,  1865,  Richmond,  Va.,  supernumerary. 
Mustered  out  by  order  of- War  Department. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  December  1,  1865;  vet. 

Wounded  July  18,  1863,  at  Fort  Wagner. 
M.  o.  January,  1865,  at  Columbus,  O.  exp.  term. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  December  7,  1865;  vet. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  December  7,  1865;  vet. 
M.  o.  January,  1865,  at  Columbus,  O.  exp.  term. 
Died  in  hospital  at  New  York. 

Discharged  October  20,  1861 ,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disability. 
D.  March  28,  18()2,  wds.  battle  Winchester,  March  23d. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  December  7,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  December  7,  1865;  vet. 
Wd.  July,  1803.  Ft.  Wagner;  m.  o.  Sept.  1865;  veteran. 
Dis.  July  30,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability. 
Wd.  July,  1863,  at  Ft.  Wagner;  m.  o.  Sept.  18(i5;  vet. 
M.  o.  September,  1865,  as  supernumerary;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  18(i5,  at  Richmond,  Virginia. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  December  7,  1865;  vet. 
Mustered  out  June,  1865,  at  Richmond,  Virginia. 
Discharged  July  30,  1862,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disability. 

Veteran. 

Discharged  April,  1862,  Surgeon's  certificate  disability. 
Transferred  to  company  F,   December  31,  1861. 
Transferred  to  company  F,  December  .'SI,  1861. 
Died  February  17,  1865,  at  Point  of  Rocks,  Virginia. 
Missing  July,  1863,  at  assault  on  Ft.  Wagner. 
Mustered  out  with  companv,  December  7,  1865. 
Wd.  July  18,  1863,  at  Ft.  Wagner;  m.  o.  June,  1865. 
Killed  July  4,  1862,  at  Harrison's  Landing,  Virginia. 
Discharged  February  29,  1SI13,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disability. 
Died  November  9,  1S62,  in  hospital  at  New  York. 
M.  o.  June,  1865,  at  Richmond,  Va.  order  War  Dei)t. 
M.  o.  June,  1865,  at  Riclimond,  Va.  order  War  Dept. 
Wd.  July  18,  '63,  Ft.  Wagner;  m.  o.  Nov.  '65,  exp.  term. 
Died  September  17,  1863,  at  Morris  Island,  S.  G. 
Died  November  4,  1862,  in  hospital  at  New  York. 
Discharged  October,  1862,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disability. 
D.  Oct.  28,'64,  Flying  hosp.  Va.  wds.  in  skirnii.sh  Oct.  27. 

Dis.  June,  '65,  Washington,  D.  C.  Surg,  ctf.;  veteran. 
From  CO.  F,  Sept.  '65,  as  Wm.  Barton;  m.  o.  with  co. 
Died  February  25,  1862,  at  Cumberland,  Maryland. 

Discharged  December  9,  1862,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disaliilitv. 
Died  May,  1864,  at  Ft.  M(jnroe,  wounds  May  20,  1S64. 

Discharged  December  8,  1S62,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disability. 
Discharged  December  18,  1S64,  at  Richmond,  Virginia, 
Discharged  December  8,  1862,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disability. 
Trans,  to  company  F,  Dec.  1861,  as  Elihu  T.  Crout. 

Transferred  to  companv  I,  December  31,  ISdl. 

Discharged  July  30,  1862. 

M.  o.  December  5,  1864,  Columbus,  O.  exp.  of  term. 

Wd.  July  18,  '63,  Ft.  Wagner;  m.  o.  Nov. '65,  exp.  term. 
Trans,  company  F,  December,  ISiil;  dis.  April,  1862. 


Discharged  October  28,  1862. 

Mustere<l  out  June,  1865,  at  Richmond.  Virginia. 

Discharged  January  9,  1865,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disabilit}'. 

Discharged  July  12,  1862,  Surgeon's  ctf.  <lisability. 

M.  o.  June,  1865,  Richmond,  order  War  Department. 

Wounded  July  18,  1863,  assault  on  Ft.  Wagner. 

Wounded  July  18,  1863,  assault  on  Ft.  Wagner. 

M.  o.  November  1,  1865,  Richmond,  expiration  term. 

Transferred  to  company  F,  December  31,  1861. 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD  WORK. 


179 


Natnes, 


Hetsig,  Rudolph 

Hemp,  Jacob 

Hill,  Wesley 

Jay,  Moses 

Jones,  Newton.  

Keith,  Munson 

Miller,  Isaac 

Miller,  Marcus 

Modey,  John 

Middough,  Henry , 

Moon,  Joseph 

Morgan,  Patrick 

Patterson,  Fli 

Palmer,  Martin 

PuUen,  William 

Randall,  Charles 

Robinson,  Welcome  C  . 

Sible,  George 

Shaw,  Marion  C 

Shadle,  Hosea 

Shetier,  Wm.  T 

Smith,  John  A 

Snell,  llezekiah 

Stevens,  John  S 

Stockale,  John 

Terry,  Stephen — 

Taylor,  Henry 

Taylor,  Edward  S 

Welch,  I^ewis 

Wafle,  Henry  0 

Weigle,  Adam 

Welch,  Ira 

Whitten,  Wallace 

Welsh,  James 

Welsh,  Warren 

Win.slow,  Lawrence 

Warne,  George  M 

Warne,  William  R 

Welch,  Commodore  P  . 

Welch,  Harrv 

Wilcox,  Wilfiam  S 

Zelmar,  John  J 


Hank. 


Private. 


Date  of 

■^ 

Entering  the 

Senice. 

IS 

Dec.    9,  1861 

34 

Nov.    ."),  1861 

24 

Sept.24,18i;2 

4.i 

Nov.    1,  1861 

20 

Nov.    1,1861 

18 

Oct.  27,  1861 

18 

Oct.  28,  1861 

27 

Nov.  2.3, 1861 

27 

Oct.     1,  1862 

44 

Nov.    9,  1861 

20 

Dec.    9,  1861 

■2!) 

Oct.  24,  1861 



April  2,  18(i2 

20 

Aug.  19,  1861' 

18 

Nov.   .5,  1861 

19 

Nov.  21,  1861 

4,'5 

Nov.   9,1861 

30 

Oct.  22,1861 

21 

Nov. -21, 1861 

25 

Nov.   4. 1861 

21 

Oct.     9,  1861 

21 

Nov.   8,1861 

2.3 

Oct.  30,  ]8(il 

19 

Aug.   7,1862 

22 

Aug.  19,  1862 

44 

Nov.   9,  1861 

.■',0 

Nov.  25,  1861 

23 

Oct.  28,  1861 

19 

Nov.   4,  18(il 

Nov.    1,1 861 

40 

Nov.   5,  1.861 

21 

Nov.   4,  1861 

18 

N<jv.  25,  ]S(il 

23 

Nov.   4,  1861 

21 

Nov.    5,  1861 

21 

Nov.  28,  1861 

18 

Nov.    1,  1861 

22 

Nov.   5,  1861 

18 

Nov.   9,  1861 

-ir> 

Nov.  25,  1861 

3.") 

1861 

18 

Aug.  1(),  1862 

Remarks. 


Transferred  to  company  F,  December  31,  1861. 

Discharged  Augu.st  8,  18(iL'. 

Died  March  4,  1863,  at  Fort  Monroe. 

Wd.  July,  '63,  Ft.  Wagner;  m.  o.  Jan.  '65,  exp.  term. 

Mustered  out  with  company,  December  7,  1865;  vet. 
Mustered  out  May,  1865,  order  of  War  De|)artment. 
Transferred  to  company  F,  December  31,  1861. 
Transferred  to  company  F,  December  31,  1861. 
Died  .January  5,  1862,  at  Toledo. 

M.  o.  June,  1865,  at  Richmond;  order  War  Dept. 
Di,scharged  February  14,  1863,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disabilitv. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  December  9,  1865;  vet.  " 

Discharged  by  order  of  War  1  )epartment. 

Discharged  July  30,  1862. 

Mustered  out  .\iarch,  18()5,  Cohnnbus,  O.  exp.  term. 

Missing  July  18,  1863,  at  a.ssault  on  Ft.  Wagner. 

Transferred  to  company  F. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  i,S65,  Richmond,  ord.  War  Dept. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865,  Richmond,  ord.  War  Dept. 

Discharged  August  9,  1862. 

Mustered  in  as  Horace  G.  Taylor;  dis.  August  9,  1862. 

Mustered  out  with  company;  veteran. 

Dis.  Sept.  9,  18()2,  at  New  York,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disab. 

No  further  record. 

Discharged  November  3,  1862. 

Discharged  January  30,  18()3,  Surgeon's  ctf.  disaViility. 

Mustered  out  January  17,   1865,  on  expiration  of  tenii. 

Mustered  out  Januarv  17,  l.si)5,  on  I'xpiration  of  term. 

D.  Mar.  26,  '62,  wds.  "Mar.  23,  '62,  battle  of  Winchester. 

Died  September  26,  1861',  at  Crany  Island. 

Died  March  2,  1862,  at  Cumberland,  Maryland. 

V>\vi\  ..'anuary  5,  1865,  at  Fort  INIonroe,  Virginia. 


.VI.  o.  June  21,  1865,  at  Richmond,  order  War  Dept. 


COMPANY  B.« 


Navies. 

Sank. 

^ 

^ 

Dale  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 

Remarks. 

Erastus  A.  Morton 

Levi  Linniger 

John  Dahn    ..       _.  . 

Sergeant. 
Corporal. 

u 

Private. 

(( 

11 

u 
u 

(( 

18 
19 
20 
32 
24 
18 
24 
20 
18 
45 
37 
21 
27 
18 
28 
2.3 
40 
28 
24 

Nov.   4.  1861 
Nov.  14,  1861 
Oct.   10,  1861 
Dec.  14,  1861 
Mar.  3,  1864 
Dec.  18,1863 
Dec.  13,  1861 
Feb.  26,  1864 
Feb.  26,  1864 
Dec.    2,1861 
Sept.  2 1,1864 
Jan.  19,  1864 
Feb.  26,  1864 
July  .30.  1862 
Feb.  22,1864 
.Jan.  20,  1864 
Mar.   9,  1864 
Mar.  2,  1865 
Aus.  18. 1862 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  comjjany  December  12,  1865. 

Mustered  out  witli  company  Decendjer  12.  18(i5. 

Mustered  out  witli  company  December  12,  18()5. 

Mustered  out  with  company  Decendier  12,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12.  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,  1865. 

Transferred. 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,  1865. 

Transferred. 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,  186.5. 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,  186.5. 

Transferred. 

Clustered  out  with  company  December  12,   1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,  1865. 

Jhustered  out  with  company  December  12.   1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,   1865. 

Transferred. 

John  Cowdes 

Peter  Burns 

Wallace  Whitten 

Joseph  Ankany 

Wm.   Lininger 

Daniel  Holland 

Peter  Miller 

William  Aukermann 

Isaac  E.  Blowelt 

David  Clookev 

Thomas  Conway 

Martin  Everett 

Augustus  Freese 

Jacob  Heppinger 

Hilive  Kavant 

John  Kelly, 

"       '          1 

*The  rolls  of  this  Company  and  of  others  followiug,  as  here  given,  are  talseu'  from  the  Muster-out  rolls  on  record  at  the  Stale 
Adjutant  General's  Office. 


180 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Names. 


C.  M.  Lalley 

Cliarles  Looke 

Josepli  Liindry 

Jeremiah  McCarthy.. 

James  McC'arthy 

Anthony  Navarre 

William"  Kaker 

John  King  

David  Sprlngsted 

Stephen  Tiemann 

Warren  Tyler 

Jacob  A.  Tritt 

David  Welsh 

Washington  Norton.. 

David  Gorsuch 

Wm  McKay 

Ira  Johnson 

Montgomery  Messer  _ 

Warren  Cone 

Robert  Norris 

John  Bunce 

William  Watson 

Samuel  Forsht 

Henry  J.  Morrow 

Moses  Trailor 

Patrick  Grant 

Joseph  Colton 

Hiram  Craig 

Joseph  Ring 

Wm.  H.  Cogan 

P>ancis  Etan 

George  Chrispower  .. 

John  Leech 

Oliver  J.  Nelson 

Frank  Godi 

Henry  Jacobs 

Collins  Cottrell 

Alex.  Shanalley 

Alex.  McKay 

John  Cornyea 

Jeremiah  Houston 

Hiram  Scurloch 

Lewis  Lalerday 

Peter  Lawrence 

John  Minicks 

Daniel  Pannyea 

James  Mahetfy 

James  Tobias 

Hiram  Billings 

Samuel  Dunn 

Alex.  Siddon 

Joseph  Jacobs 

Elijah  Whitmore 

Henry  J.  Crane 

Samuel  G.  Beebe 

Amos  Short 

Dennis  Roberts 

Nathan  Edson 

Orin  McKissick 

Frank  Van  Orden 

Wm.  Hamilton 

Alonzo  E.  Tinker 

Albert  W.  Oles 

Andrew  Hartzinger. 

Dominick  Gee 

Edward  A.  Mercer.. 

Marshall  Hewitt 

Benj.  Newsbaumer  . 

George  Williams 

Alex.  Hamilton 

Robert  Newton 

Lewis  Consaul 


Rank. 


Private. 


Sergeant. 
Private. 
Corporal. 
Private. 


Corporal. 
Sergeant. 
Private. 


1st  Sergt. 
Private. 


Corporal. 
Sergeant. 
Corporal. 


Private. 


1st  Lieut. 
2d  Lieut. 
Captain. 
Private. 


Corporal 
Private. 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Remarks. 


,  ISIil 
.  181)4 


Aug.l6,18B2 
Dec.  26,1.8(i:! 
Mar.  17,  lS(i4 
Mar.  12,  lS(i4 
Mar.  25 
Feb.  21. 
Sept.  10, 1862 
Feb.  26, 1S64 
Mar.  2,  1864 
Mar.  23, 18(i4 
Jan.  14,  1864 
Feb.  6,  1804 
Aug.  2,1862 
Mar.31,  1862 
Nov.  1,  1864 
Dec.  3,  1861 
Oct.  21,  1861 
Oct.  16,  1861 
Oct.  16,  1861 
Oct.  29,  1861 
Nov.  4,  1861 
Oct.  9,  1861 
Nov.  4,  1861 
Oct.  9,  18(51 
Oct.  10,  1862 
Sept.l8,  isr.L' 
Jan.  31,  1864 
Oct.  1,  1861 
Feb.  29, 1864 
Mar.  17,  1864 
Mar.  17, 1864 
Aug.  4,1862 
Oct.  25,  18(il 
Nov.  1,  1804 
Oct.  24,1861 
May  30, 1861 
Mar.  24, 18()4 
Dec.  9,  1861 
Jan.  1,  1864 
Nov.  21, 1861 
Nov.   1,1864 


26 


21 


Transferred. 
Mustered  out  with 
Clustered  out  with 
Mustered  out  with 
Transferred. 
Mustered  out  with 
Sent  to  hospital. 
Mustered  out  with 

Captured. 

Mustered  out  with 

Mustered  out  with 

(.!aptured. 

Died. 

Died. 

Died. 

Died. 

Died. 

Died.      . 

Killed  in  action. 

Killed  in  action. 

Died. 

Killed  in  action. 

Wounded ;  died. 

Died. 

Wciunded ;  died. 

Dieil  of  disease. 

Wounded ;  died. 

Killed  in  action. 

Wounded ;  died. 

Died. 

Killed  in  action. 

Died. 

Died. 

Killed  in  action. 


company  December  12,  1865. 
company  December  12,  1865. 
company  December  12,  1865. 

company  December  12,  1865. 

company  December  12,  1865. 


company  December  12.  1865. 
company  December  12,  1865. 


Feb.   6,  1864 
Dec.  11,  1861 


Oct.  11,  1861 


21 
27 
25 
25 

28 
18 
28 
27 
28 
22 
29 

li' 

'43" 
26 
19 
21 


Oct. 

Nov, 

Oct. 

Nov 

Dec. 

Oct. 

Mar. 

Dec. 

Dec. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Dec. 

Oct. 

Dec. 

Oct. 

Dec. 

Oct. 


3,  1861 
29, 1861 
25,  1861 

25. 1861 
18,  1861 

14,  1862 

23. 1862 
10,  1861 

3,  1861 
7,  1861 

21,  1861 
20,1861 
16,  1861 

5,  1861 
24,  1861 
14, 1861 
17, 1861 

8,  1861 

22,  1861 
3,  1861 

15,  1861 
20,  1861 
10,1861 
13, 1861 

2,  1861 


Discharged. 

Resigned. 

Mustered  out  with  comjtany. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— FIELD   WORK. 


181 


Names. 


John  Yallian 

Squire  Spencer 

George  Stonebook 

James  Roberts 

Edward  Pagen 

James  R.  Barker 

Hosoa  Baxter 

John  Yamans 

John  M.  Edson 

Lewis  IMatt 

Charles  Tyler 

Samuel  JIcDonald 

Charles  Clayton 

James  Eton 

John  F.  Eton 

Lewis  Hemspeck 

AVm.  R.  Lamb 

Frank  O.  Callahan 

Joseph  Shanteau 

Lewis  Shanbion 

Christopher  DeLucia 

Jeremiah  Barnes 

Alfred  Hewton 

Clovis  Bosky 

David  Willey 

Austin  Dane 

Octavius  Teny 

Isaac  G.  Rideout 

Henry  Fink 

Francis  M.  McLaughlin  , 

Luther  Johnson 

Anthony  Lavine 

Patrick  McKaliger 

Ransom  Webster 

Isaac  O.  Black 

Edmond  Curtis 

Wm.  H.  Crouse 


Hank. 


Private. 

Sergeant, 
Private. 


Sergeant, 
(( 

Corporal, 
Private. 


Corporal. 
Private. 


1st  Sergt. 
Corporal. 
Private. 


22 
32 
42 
20 
2:! 
38 
45 
24 
21 
42 
2.") 
32 
25 
29 
33 
19 


Bate  of 

Entering  the 

iServLce. 


Oct. 

Dec. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

Dec. 

Dec. 

Dec. 

Mar. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Dec. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Dec. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Dec. 

Dec. 

Dec. 


16, 1861 
13,  1861 
16,1862 
18, 186! 
18,  1861 

16,  1861 
7, 1861 

17,  1864 

5,  1861 
13,  1861 
22.  1861 

18,  1861 

28,  1861 

17,  1861 

18,  1861 
2,  1861 

29.  1861 

6,  1861 
18,  1861 
18, 1861 
11, 1861 


Sept 
Mar. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Oct. 
Dec. 
Oct. 
Nov. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Dec. 
Dec. 
Oct. 


.  15,1862 

, 26,  1864 

23,  1864 

16, 1864 

1, 1864 

22,  1861 

1,  1861 

8,  1862 

,  21, 1861 

17,  1861 

8,  1861 

22,  1861 

5,  1861 

13, 1861 

11,1861 


Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Transferred  to 

Transferred  to 

Transferred  to 

Transferred  to 

Transferred  to 

Transferred  to 

Transferred  to 


Remarks, 


Company  H. 
Company  H. 
Company  H. 
Company  H. 
Company  H. 
Company  H. 
Company  H. 


COMPANY  D. 

Names  on  Muster-in  Roll,  not  found  on  Muster-out  Roll. 


Names, 


Louis  M.  Miller 

James  Yeman 

John  A.  Rowsey 

Herman  Hansen 

Wm.   Sennitt 

Josiah  Slirock 

Peter    Gallaher 

Joseph  H.  Luce 

Edward    Curtis 

Dennis  Lovett 

Orlin   Randall 

Blower,  Philip 

Barber,  Arnold 

Bower,   Jesse 

Burns,  John 

Bell,  George 

Behan,  Edward 

Corkins,  Patrick 

Clark,  Lucius  S 

Call,  Uriah 

Coolahan,  Michael 

Codigan,  William 


^ 

Sank. 

■^ 

2d  Lieut. 

25 

1st  Sergt.. 

28 

Sergeant. 

21 

2U 

Corporal. 

25 

u 

20 

u 

25 

(( 

42 

M\isician. 

45 

" 

18 

Wagoner. 

42 

Private. 

27 

44 

i( 

24 

" 

42 

(( 

45 

" 

25 

" 

18 

(1 

18 

<; 

45 

u 

32 

(( 

20 

Dat^  of 

Entering  the 

Sermee. 


Nov. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

Dec. 

Dec. 

Dec. 

Dec. 

Oct. 

Oct. 


28, 1861 
14, 1861 

2,  1.S61 
9, 1861 

16, 1861 
22, 1861 

3,  1861 

4,  1861 

13,  1861 
21,1861 
23, 1861 
24,1861 

14,  1861 
14, 1861 
25,1861 
12, 1861 
14,  1861 

9,  1861 
22,  1861 
22,  1861 
10,  1861 
18,  1861 


Remarks. 


182 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Names. 

Rank. 

36 

24 

23 

19 

28 

43 

35 

40 

21 

42 

36 

20 

39 

21 

31 

21 

21 

19 

21 

30 

21  . 

21 

"is" 

26 
19 
37 
37 
18 
44 
35 
18 
30 
50 
18 
29 
24 
24 
38 
18 
19 
22 
18 
43 
40 
44 
30 
28 
18 

Date  of 

Entering 

the  Service. 

Remarks. 

Prowlv.    James 

Private. 

(( 

(t 
(( 
(t 

*t 
(t 

c, 

n 
(1 

(1 
(( 

(t 
t( 

(( 

(( 

(1 

Nov.   2,  1861 
Nov.  26, 1861 
Dec.  14, 1861 
Dec.  23,  1861 
Dec.  19, 1861 
Nov.  22, 1861 
Nov.  2,  1861 
Nov.  11, 1861 
Nov.  22, 1861 
Dec.  22,  1861 
Dec.    5,1861 
Oct.  16,  1861 
Nov.  25, 1861 
Nov.  27, 1861 
Nov.  15, 1861 
Oct.  10, 1861 
Dec.    5,  1861 
Oct.    4,  1861 
Oct.     9,  1861 
Nov.  27,  1861 
Oct.     9,  1861 
Oct.  16,  1861 
Oct.  11,  1861 
Oct.  18,  1861 
Oct.  25,  1861 
Nov.  15, 1861 
Nov.  18, 1861 
Oct.  25,  1861 
Dec.  17, 1861 
Nov.   6,  1861 
Nov.  7,  1861 
Oct.  22,  1861 
Oct.     8,  1861 
Dec.  23,  1861 
Dec.  27, 1861 
Jan.    7,  1862 
Oct.     7,  1861 
Dec.  10,1861 
Nov.  11,1861 
Oct.    9,  1861 
Oct.    5,  1861 
Dec.  20,  1861 
Nov.  25, 1861 
Oct.  24,1861 
Oct.  23, 1861 
Oct.  13,1861 
Oct.  14,  1861 
Nov.  20, 1861 
Dec.  19,1861 

Carpenter,  \Vm.  D 

Criswell,  Percival 

Doolittle,  Jonathan 

]>rummond,   Napoleon.. 
Fern,   A       ..         - 

(ielrought,  John 

Cioeldner,    Henry 

Lot  en     Helms 

Hart,  James-- 

Herranne,  Jerry 

Hale,   H.  V.  B 

Huglies,  John  _     _ 

Jackson,   Henry 

Johnson,    George 

Jordan,  Wm.  E 

King,  Thomas 

Knew,   Frederick 

Learv,  James. 

Lehary,  Thomas 

IMintong,  A.  B              _  . 

Discharged. 

McManus,  Thomas 

McGrath,    Michael 

Marker,    John 

Mvers,  ."^imeoii    _ 

Discharged. 

Neaiy,   Edward- 

Nichols.    Wilson 

INIard,  John  0.     

' 

O'Sullivan,  Daniel 

Oates,  Timothy  _ 

O'SuUivan,  F.J 

O'Berst,  Michael __ 

Priest,  Clark  .     .  ._      . 

liuinn,  Thomas 

Kus.sell,  George 

Kyan,  William  _. 

Smith,  James. 

Shinaver,  Joseph 

Shoemaker,  Wm 

Stickney,  Myron 

Stickell,    Frank 

Towers,   Peter     _ 

Valtine,    David_  .     . 

Wilbur,  George  W 

AV'ilson,  John 

Welch,  James 

Young,  John. 

COMPANY    E. 


Names. 

Rank. 

Date  of 

Entering  the 

Sen^ice. 

Remarks. 

Joseph  Whidden 

Charles  Broshorder 

James  Mulaskey 

Alfred  D.  Turk 

Thomas  Demoss 

Eseck  M.  Dver 

1st  Sergt. 
Sergeant. 

(( 
Corporal. 

>( 

Private. 

it 

27 
20 
17 
19 
34 
21 
20 
18 
19 
18 
30 

Oct.  18,  1861 
Jan.  13,  1862 
Dec.  IS,  1861 
Oct.     7,1861 
Oct.  10,1861 
Feb.  25,  1864 
Oct.     8, 1861 
Feb.  27, 1864 
Jan.    4,  1864 
Mch.29,  1864 
Feb.  13, 1864 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,  1865, 
Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,  1865. 
Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,  1865. 
Mustered  out  ■n'ith  company  December  12,  1865. 
Transferred  from  Company  K. 
Transferred  from  Company  K. 
Transferred  frem  Company  K. 
Transferred  from  Company  K. 
Transferred  from  Company  K. 
Transferred  from  Company  K. 

Henry  Dawns  ___  . 

Sila.s  R.  Stebbins 

Hugh  M.  Lamb 

Charles  Brockway 

Cephas  D.  Barnes 

THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION -FIELD   WORK. 


183 


William  H.  Caniv 

Michael  Call '. 

Michael  Dennis 

James  Freeman 

Charles  A.  Geer 

Frederick  Hiplev- 

Sherman  A.Jones 

Charles  MeCarty 

Daniel  Scjuires 

Anton  Sn viler 

Feter  St.  Faul 

O.  W.  Trowbridge 

Alex.  Webber 

George  M.  Wyman 

Benj.  F.  Yelman 

Amos  C.  Cooper 

Ira  H.  Green 

William  Green 

Jaeolj  Hanson 

Adam  Sniten 

John  G.  Young 

Frederick  Houss 

William  McCabe 

Charles  HilHs 

Faul  Single 

William  H.  Benjamin 

Francis  Caswell 

John  Cruse 

William  K.  Mullen 

C;hristian  Powers 

James  Reed 

William  Ryan 

John  Viregar 

George  Willis 

Casper  Peters 

John  Burgan 

James  Swerby 

M.  F.  Poorman 

Hugh  Longus 

William  FI.  Barry 

Leonard  Burkheart 

Jacob  Bentz 

David  Carlick 

John  Dobelstine 

John  Donovan 

Charles  Fry 

James  W.  Fifer 

Robert  M.  Ferguson 

Thomas  Fox 

Samuel  R.  Green 

Anson  Gehil 

Calvin  Gleason 

John  Govan 

George  Gebring 

Dennis  Hart 

John  Hancock 

Christoplier  Holland 

Frederick  Iklor 

John  Kramer 

Charles  McCaren 

David  Moran 

James  Philips 

John  Rebbe 

George  Rimmelspeck  _.. 

Conrad  Shelling 

Alex.  Campbell 

Albert  Woodberry 

R.  Webber 

Milton  H.  Whitney 

Arton  Williams 

Jerome  B.  Waldron 

William  Green 


Rank. 


Private. 


Corporal. 

(( 

Musician. 

(( 

Private. 


Sergeant. 
Corporal. 


Private. 


Musician. 
Private. 


Wagoner. 
Private. 


Date  of 

Entering  tlie 
Service. 


Dec.  24,lSfi3 
Feb.  3,  18(1-1 
Mch.21, 1864 
Jan.  5,  181)4 
Dec.  .30, 18(11 
Dec.  10,  lS(il 
Feb.  8,  18(14 
Mch.  7,  18(14 
F'eb.  1,  1864 
Feb.  -27,  1864 
Mch.  •_>,  186.3 
Mch.  18,  1864 
Mch.l8,  1864 
Feb.  8,1864 
Feb.  8,  1864 
Feb.  20,  1864 
Oct.  2(1,  1861 
Deo.  30,  1861 
,Tan.  1,  1862 
Dec.  9,  1.S61 
Nov.  20, 1.S61 
Mch. 23,  1864 
Get.  24,  1861 
Jan.  18,  18()4 
Dec.  30,  1863 
Oct.  7,  1861 
Dec.  0,  18(il 
Dee.  24,  18(i] 
Jan.  22,  1864 
Oct.  14,  1861 
Oct.  18,  1861 
Dec.  10,  1861 
Dec.  24,  1861 
Dec.  2,  1861 
Jan.  10.  1862 
Nov.26,  1861 
Aug.2S,  1862 
Feb.  26,  1864 
Mch.  11,  1864 
Oct.  7,  1861 
Jan.  12,  lS(i2 
Oct.  28,  1862 
Sept.  9,  1862 
Nov.  IS,  1861 
(Jet.  7,  1801 
Oct.  10,  1861 
Oct.  11,  1861 
Sept.  9,  1S62 
Oct.  19,  1861 
Dec.  10,  1861 
Nov.  21,  1861 
Oct.  10,  1862 
Oct.  13,  1861 
Aug.30.  1862 
Oct.  7,  1861 
Sept.  17, 1862 
Sept.  1.  1862 
Jan.  2,  1862 
Jan.  10,  1862 
Nov.  18, 1261 
Oct.  8,  1861 
Oct.  24,  18G1 
Jan.  4,  1862 
Oct.  14,  1861 
Dec.  31,  1.S61 
Nov.  16, 1861 
Nov.  26,  1861 
Dec.  3,  18(il 
Dee.  3,  1861 
Aug.  28, 1862 
Feb.  22,  18(34 
Dec.  30,  1861 


Jieutarks. 


Transferred  from  Company  K. 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12, 

In  hospital  December  12,  1865. 

In  hospital  December  12,  18(1.'). 

In  hospital  December  12,  18(1.'). 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12, 

Mustered  out  with  comijany  December  12, 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12, 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12, 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12, 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12, 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  December  12,  1865. 

In  hospital. 

Died. 

Died. 

Died. 

Died. 

Died. 

Died. 


18(>5. 


1865. 
18(15. 
1885. 
1865. 
1865. 
1855. 


Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Detached. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Di.scharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Transferred. 


184 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


COMPANY  F. 


E.  O.  Mason 

Pewitt  C.  Dewey 

John  C.  Cochrane 

(!('o.  (i.  Tajipiin 

Joshua  B.  Larimer 

Marquis  K.  Woodforcl... 

Joseph  Wolcott 

Theodore  J.  Curtis 

'I'liouias  J.  Brown 

Wni.  H.  Sindle 

David  Becker . 

Geo.  W.  E.  Conklin 

Peter  Colton 

Joel  Fiekel 

John  M.  Gray- 

Wm.  J.  Keif 

Emil  Rampano 

George  Ansell 

Noval  B.  Carter 

D.  Conklin 

Wm.  Driskell 

Richard  Hinkle 

Stephen  Jordan 

John  M.  Johnson 

Wesley  Johnson 

Robert  G.  Marshall 

Harrison  Patterson 

Thomas  E.  Rains 

Josephus  Spohn 

Friend  Young 

John  Alexander 

Rudolph  Hetsig 

Napoleon  Nearing 

Francis  M.  White 

Van  Buren  A.  Knapp__. 

Henry  B.  Lamphier 

Adams,  James 

Alexander,  Charles 

Barnes,  Edward 

Barrett,  Wm 

Barbour,  Levi 

Barr,  John  H 

Burden,  Frederick 

BJngle,  William 

Blain,  Wellington 

Blain,  Samuel 

Blain,  Myron  D 

Blower,  Philip 

Beckham,  Wm.  S 

Bonerson,  John  W 

Bohla,  Martin 

Butler,  Aaron 

Boyd,  Hugh  R 

Booky,  Joseph 

Bowdle,  John  W 

Beckham,  John 

Carpenter,  Wayne 

Clough,  Ephraim 

Colton,  Frank 

Cornwell,  Alonzo 

Cox,  Michael 

Cox,  William 

Grout,  Ehhu  Y 

Duncan,  Isaac 

Duncan,  Wm.  H.  H 

Duncan,  Samuel 

Dundon,  John  R 

Driskell,  Alfred 


Rank. 


Captain. 

ii 

t( 

1st  Lieut. 

t( 

2d  Lieut. 
(1 

1st  Sergt. 
(( 

Sergt. 


Corporal. 


Musician, 
Private. 


Bate  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Oct.  4,  18(11 
Oct.  4,  1861 
Oct.  15,  1861 
Nov.  19, 1861 
Oct.  5,  1861 
Oct.  9,  1861 

De"c.~"l7i86T 
Oct.  5,  1861 
Nov.  19, 1861 
Oct.  29,  lS(il 
Nov.  19, 1861 
Oct.  9,  1861 
Oct.  5,  1S61 
Oct.  27,  1861 
Dec.  1,  1861 
Oct.  8,  1861 
Oct.  8,  1861 
Oct.  10,  1861 
Oct.  9,  1861 
Feb.  29,  1864 
Dec.  6,  1864 
Oct.  27,  1861 
Oct.  10,  1861 
Oct.  8,  1861 
Oct.  14,  1861 
Oct.  9,  1861 
Oct.  8,  1861 
Oct.  8,  1861 
Oct.  9,  1861 
Nov.  5,  1861 
Dec.  9,  1861 
Nov.  4,  1861 
Nov.  23, 1861 
Nov.  19, 1861 
Dec.  14,  1861 
Sept.  8,  1864 
Nov.  25,  1861 
Oct.  30,  1S61 
Oct.  7,  1861 
Oct.  25,  1861 
Nov.  2,  1861 
Oct.  9,  1S()2 
Oct.  10,1861 
Oct.  10,  1861 
Nov.  19, 1861 
Oct.  20,  1861 
Oct.  14,  1861 
Feb.  24,  1864 
Sept.26, 1864 
Sept.23, 1864 
Oct.  10,  1861 
Oct.  29,  1861 
Mar.  2,  lS(i4 
Oct.  29,  1864 
Nov.  1,  1864 
Mar.  6,  1864 
Feb.  12,  1864 
Nov.  17.  1861 
Oct.  27,1861 
Nov.  4,  1861 


Nov.  8,  1861 
Feb.  24, 1864 
Oct.  10, 1861 
Oct.  18, 1861 
Nov.  1, 1864 
Nov.  19, 1861 


Remarks. 


Promoted  to  Captain  and  A.  A.  G.,  October  5,  1862. 

Promoted  from  1st  Lieut.  Oct.,  '62;  resigned  June,  '63. 

Died  in  Sandusky  county,  Ohio. 

Ap.  Corpl.  Sgt.  1st  Sgt.;  promoted  1st  Lieut.  March, '65. 

Mustered  out  November  13,  18()4,  expiration  term. 

Resigned  August  7,  1862. 

Ap.  Cpl.,  Sgt,  Q.  M.  Sgt.,  2d  Lieut.,  Aug.  '65;  m.  o.  co. 

Promoted  2d  Lt.  Aug.,  '62;  to  1st  Lt.  Dec,  '62;  tr.  to  G. 

Mustered  out  August  23,  18(i5. 

Ap.  Cpl.,  Sgt.,  IstSgt.  Mar.'65;  wd.  July,'63,  Ft. Wagner. 


Transferred  to  Co.  A,  September,  1865;  veteran. 
Wounded  July  18,  1863,  Ft.  Wagner;  m.  o.  Sept., 
Mustered  out. 


1865. 


Ap.  Aug.,  1865;  mustered  out  Sept.,  1S65,  Richmond, ^'a. 
Mustered  out  April,  '65,  Columbus,0.,  expiration  term. 


Killed  Aug.  16,  1864,  bat.  Deep  Bottom  Run,  Virginia. 

Mustered  out  September  1,  lS(i5,  Richmond,  Virginia. 

Killed  August,  1864,  battle  Deep  Bottom  Run. 

Transferred  to  Company  A,  December  31,  1861;  vet. 
Transferred  to  Company  A,  December  31,  1861;  vet. 
Transferred  to  Company  A,  December  31,  1861;  vet. 
Transferred  to  Company  A,  September,  1865;  veteran. 
Det.  to  headquarters  at  South  Anna,  Virginia;  veteran. 

Mustered  out  May  29,  1865,  Camp  Lee,  Virginia. 
Transferred  to  Company  A,  December  31,  1861. 


Transferred  to  Compan}'  A,  September  1,  1865. 
Transferred  to  Company  A,  September  1,  1865. 


Transferred  to  Company  A,  September-!,  1865. 
Mustered  out  June  21,  1865,  Richmond,  Virginia. 
Mustered  out  June  21,  1865,  Richmond,  Virginia. 


Transferred  to  Company  A,  September  1,  1865. 
Transferred  to  Company  A,  September  1,  1865. 
Transferred  to  Company  A,  September  1,  1865. 
Transferred  to  Company  A,  September  1,  1865. 
Mustered  out  June,  1865,  Columbus,  O.,  exp.  term. 


Died  Nov.  10,  1864,  wds.  near  Richmond,  Oct.  27,  1864. 
Transferred  to  Co.  I,  December,  '61,  as  Elilni  T.  Crout. 
Trans,  to  Company  A,  Sept.  '65,  while  on  det.  duty. 

Wounded  July  18,  1863,  assault  on  Ft.  Wagner. 
Transferred  to  Company  A,  September  1,  1865. 


THE   WAR  OF   THE  REBELLION  —  FIELD    WORK. 


185 


Names. 


Emmerson,  Hiram 

E3'erly,  Jacob 

Fisher,  Andrew 

Fisher,  Joliii 

Fitzpatrick,  James 

Ford,  James 

Fox,  Joel 

Gardinier,  Arthur 

Gressford,  Jeremiah 

Hassan,  Amos 

Hallett,  Daniel 

Hallett,  DeMott 

Hammond,  James 

Hewitt,  George 

Hedsig,  Frederick 

Hoffman,  Emanuel 

Hodgson,  Thos.  H 

Jolinson,  Alonzo 

Jotum,  John 

Justice,  Thos.  J 

Justice,  Wesley  N— 

Jump,  Eli 

Kelsey,  Alexander 

Kengeigle,  WiUiam 

Kester,  Martin 

Knight,  William 

Kimball,  Harrison 

Lane,  Elzy 

I,athrop,  Walter 

Leonard,  John 

Luce,  James  H 

Martin,  Thomas 

Micldaugh,  Henry 

McCuliough,  William  __ 

McCall,  John 

McGrady,  Thomas 

McKeon,  Laurence 

Musselman,  John  E 

Malonv,  Patrick 

O'Brien.  Bartley 

Parient,  Washington  W_ 

Parient,  William 

Parient,  Nathaniel 

Patterson,  John 

Porter,  Samuel... 

Robinson,  Joseph 

Sampson,  Chester 

Shields,  Francis 

Smalley,  William 

Smith,  John 

Shouler,  Matthew 

Snell,  Hezekiah.. 

Sprague,  Philo  C 

Sutton,  John 

Tappan,  George  E 

Thornton,  Geo.  W 

Thornton,  William 

Thornton,  Charles 

Thomas,  John..  .. 

Watson,  AVilliam 

Welch,  Harry 

White,  Francis 

Welch,  Benjamin  F 

Wilcox,  Leander  J 

Wood,  Samuel  S 

Wilson,  John 


Rank. 


vate. 


20 
IS 
19 
25 
32 
18 
18 
17 
20 
45 
21 
25 
2(i 
24 
18 
27 
31 
19 
35 

23 
17 
20 
20 
38 
27 
22 
18 
18 
19 
38 
25 
44 
26 
23 
41 
16 
19 
36 
17 
39 
IS 
22 
19 
22 
21 
19 
25 
22 
39 
20 
26 

OO 

18 
20 
19 
18 
44 
30 
43 
45 


Dale  of 

Fnterintj  the 

Service. 


Nov. 

Dec. 

Feb. 

Sept. 

Oct. 

Mar. 

Jan. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Feb. 

(.)ct. 

Oct. 

Dec. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

Mar. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Aug. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

Nov. 

Nov. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Nov. 


6, 1801 

8,  1863 
24, 1S64 

13. 1862 
11,  1861 

7,  1864 

6,  1862 
19, 1861 
15,  1861 

1,1864 
18,  1861 
29,  181)4 

18,  18(il 
26,  1861 

9,  1861 
16,1861 
19, 1861 

7,  1864 
26, 1861 

12. 1863 
19, 1861 
26.  1861 

10,  1861 
23, 1861 

8, 1861 
24, 1861 

4,  1861 

1, 1861 
19, 1861 
25,1861 
19, 1861 
25,  1861 

9,  1861 

2,  1861 

27. 1861 
24,  1861 

15. 1862 
24,  1861 

11,  1,S61 
10,  1861 
10,  1861 
18, 1861 

19,  1861 
IS,  1861 
18, 1861 
23, 1861 

1, 1861 
21,  1861 
15,  1861 
13,  1861 
22, 1861 
31,  1861 
25, 1861 
24,  1861 
19, 1861 

3,  1861 
19,  1861 
19, 1861 

8,  1861 
7,  1861 

25, 1861 


Oct. 
Oct. 
Nov. 
Oct. 


16,  1861 
12,  1861 

4.  1861 

5,  1861 


Semarks. 


From  Company  A,  December,  1861. 

Transferred  to  Company  A,  September,  1865. 
Mustered  out  June  21,  1865,  at  Richmond,  Virginia. 

Wounded  May,  18(i4,  in  action  near  Chester,  Virginia. 
M.  o.  February,  1865,  Coluuubus,  O.  expiration  of  ti'riii. 
Wounded  May,  1864.  in  action  near  Chester,  Virginia. 

Transferred  to  Company  A,  Suptendjer  1,  18()5. 
Wounded  July,  1863,  as.sault  on  Fort  Wagner. 
Wounded  May,  ]8()4,  near  Chester,  Virginia. 
Mustered  out  December,  1865;  veteran. 

From  Co.  A,  Dec.  1861;  wd.  July,  1863,  at  Ft.  Wagner. 


Cap.  Oct.  1864;  mu.stered  out  June,  1865,  Camp  Chase. 
Mustered  out  May,  18(i5,  at  Columbus,  Ohio. 

M.  o.  Columbus,  O.,  February,  1865,  expiration  term. 


Transferred  to  Company  D. 

Transferred  to  Company  A,  December,  1861. 
Mustered  out  with  company,  December  7,  1865. 


Mu.stered  out  June  21,  1865,  at  Richmond,  Virginia. 


Mustered  out  January,  1865,  at  Columbus,  Ohio. 

M.  o.  January  17,  1865,  Columbus,  Ohio,  exp.  of  term. 

Transferred  to  Company  A,  September,  1865;  veteran. 

Transferred  to  Company  A,  September,  1865. 


Wounded  July,  1863,  assault  on  Fort  Wagner. 
Transferred  to  Company  A,  Sept.  1865,  while  absent. 
K.  Aug.  16,  1864,  battle  of  Deep  Bottom  Run,  Virginia. 


ISO 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ElCIITY-FOimTII   BEGIMENT,  OHIO   VOLUNTEER  INFANTEY. 


^ray  2(1,  1862,  Governor  Tod  called  for  500 
additional  men  for  three  months,  for  three 
years,  or  for  guard  duty.  The  first  Company 
to  respond  was  the  Toledo  Light  Guards, 
Captain  Kichard  Waite,  of  Ohio  Militia  of  the 
Reserve,  which  reported  June  3d.  A  second 
Company,  recruited  in  Toledo  by  Uriah  Greg- 
oi-y  (then  proprietor  of  the  Ohio  Bu.siness 
College)  and  Edmond  Paine,  left  Toledo  June 
oth,for  Camp  Chase,  where  the  Eighty-Fourth 
Ohio  Regiment  \va,i  organized  June  7th,  in 
which  the  first  named  was  Company  A,  and 
the  other  Company  K.  The  Regiment  left  for 
Cumberland,  Maryland,  on  the  11th  of  that 
month.  From  that  point  detachments  were 
sent  in  different  directions  for  preventing 
the  passage  of  arms  and  supplies  into  the 
Rebel  lines,  cajituring  Rebel  mails,  and  put- 
ting an  end  to  guerrilla  operations.  Septem- 
ber llith,  it  was  ordered  to  New  Creek, 
where  an  attack  by  the  Rebel  forces  under 
Jackson  and  Imboden  was  anticipated,  but  did 
not  occur.  Its  term  of  service  having  expired, 
the  Regiment  returned  to  Ohio,  and  after 
being  reviewed  and  highly  complimented  bj' 
Governor  Tod  at  Camp  Delaware,  was  mus- 
tered out. 

Second  Lieutenant  Colton  died  at  Cumber- 
land, Maryland,  of  typhoid  fever,  August  10th, 
1862,  aged  18  years.  He  was  a  young  man  of 
rare  promise,  no  less  in  the  high  personal 
character  to  which  while  yet  in  bis  youth  he 
had  attained,  than  in  the  rare  talents  preco- 
ciously developed.  He  was  a  son  of  Carlos 
Colton  of  Toledo,  tlien  Secretary  of  the 
Toledo  Board  of  Trade.  The  .sou's  interest  in 
military  affairs  was  early  shown,  in  which  he 
had  attained  unusual  proficiency  before 
the  Rebellion  broke  out.  He  had  been 
for  some  time  the  Captain  of  the  Toledo  High 
School  Cadets  when  he  volunteered  in  the 
Eighty-Fourth  Regiment.  An  expression  by 
the  Regiment  on  the  occasion  of  his  death, 
contained  this  specific  testimony  to  his  charac- 
ter and  habits,  to  wit :  "  He  was,  in  his  mor- 
als, worthy  the  imitation  of  the  most  virtuous. 
He  never  was  known  to  utter  an  oath  or  drink 
a  drop  of  liquor." 

ROSTER,  THREE  MONTHS'  SERVICE.. 
[Nearly  all  the  men  entered  the  service  May  27th, 
1862,  and  with  the  exceptions  named,  all  were  mus- 


tered out  with  the   Company  about  October  1st,  fol- 
lowing.] 


Names. 


Wni.  Lawrence 

John  .J.  Wiseman 

John  C.  Groom* 

Benjamin  B.  Leonard 

James  W.  Thompson 

Abraham   R.  Howbert 


Colonel 

Lieut.  Colonel - 

Major 

Surgeon 

Asst.    Surgeon. 
Chaplain 


COMPANY  A. 


Name. 


Richard  Waite 

John    B.   Lounsbury 

Hamilton  C.  Coltout 

George  F.  .Straeper 

Frank  Biaisted  | 

Victor  Keen 

George  H.  Pfanner 

Carlos  Colton  

Charles  N.  Stevens 

Dante  W.  Thomas 

John  L.  Johnston 

Ezra  L.  Ross 

Joseph  II.  PrentLss 

Samuel   F.  Hersey 

Pliny  H.   Sanderson 

Foster   V.  Wilder 

John  H.  Mack 

John  H.  Hicks 

George  W.  Brown 

Chas.  R.  LaCroix 

Brooks,  Charles  L 

Blodgett,    Henry    W 

Bishop.    Austin 

Bennett,  Alanson 

Bodley,  Prichard  P 

Barnard,  Edgar  A 

Bellman,  Frederick. 

Bashare,    Henry 

Burge,  Edwin  Ct 

Brownlee,  James 

Boehm,L.  Edward 

Chase,  George  A 

Card,  Frank  S 

Curtis,    Charles  P 

Clark,  Alfred  H 

Cone,  \Vm.  H 

Curson,   George 

Carsner,    Michael 

Clark,  Wm.  H 

Cherry,  Charles  W 

Church,  Charles  M 

Durbin.   Edward  A 

FUigg.  Frank  E 

Fisk,  Charles  H 

Eraser,  Spencer  L 

Ferdig,  Jeremiah 

Ford,  Eugene  F 

Eraser,  William 

Ford,  George  F 

Gill,  Frank  H 

Gillett,  Douglass  C 

Grover,  David 

Green,  Simeon  F 


Rank. 


Captain 

1st  Lieutenant. 
2d  Lieutenant. 
1st  Sergeant 

Sergeant 


Corporal. 


Musician. 
Private. 


Age. 


Age. 


30 
24 
18 
27 
35 
27 
19 
25 
ISI 
1!) 
21 
27 
l!l 
21 
IS 
22 
20 
21 
10 


IS 
20 
li) 
IS 
20 
20 
IS 
21 
'^2 
19 
19 
21 
21 
22 
19 
20 
21 


18 
24 
19 
IS 
18 
34 
21 
24 
24 
18 
18 
21 
20 


THE  WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION— FIELD   WORK. 


187 


NartKS. 


Holt,  "William 

Himes,  Frederick  W__. 
Hamblin,  Frederick  S-. 

Hurst,  Horace  N 

Haynes,  James 

Johnson,  William 

Kennon,  Thomas  AV  ._. 

Lawrence,  Aaron 

Leutz,  George 

Laukin,  Richard 

Marvin,  George  L . 

Murphy,  John  D 

Nagely,  .John 

Osborn,  Ralph 

Pratt,  Phineas  B 

Pfanner,  Jacob  P 

Potter,  Emery  D.,  Jr._. 
Richardson,  George  F__ 

Raymond,  Henry 

Rayraon<l,  J.  Morton 

Richards,   Henry  C 

Reitter,  Thomas  C 

Sanderson,  James  W 

Stearns,  Mordant 

Stockman,  Richard 

Sturtevant,  Harry  F 

Swift,  Charles  J 

Stephan,  Kdward  J 

Landman,  William 

Steig  Jacob 

Stribler,  Martin 

Tourtellotte,  Eugene  C. 

Taylor,  H.  Burton 

Taylor,  John 

Thomas,  Charles  D 

Voris,  William  J 

Vischer,  Edward 

Walbri.k'e,  W.  Hunt___ 

Wright,  James  H 

Waite,  Henry  S 

Wheeler,  R.  Jettrey__, 

Winsl<jw,  George 

Williams,  Henry  W 


Hank. 


.J.w. 


Names. 


'■■-Appointed  Colonel  100th  Ohio  V.  I. 

tDied  August  10,  1868. 

JAppointed  Regimental  Quartermaster  July  15, 1802. 

COMPANY  K. 


2S 
22 
17 
18 
20 
21 
18 
10 
24 
15 
17 
22 

is 

17 

23 

17 

IS 

19 

19 

17 

19 

20 

IS 

20 

19 

20 

20 

20 

32 

24 

21 

18 

18 

20 

IS 

19 

IS 

18 

IS 

21 

18 

21 

20 


Names. 

Sank. 

Age. 

Uriah  Gregory  _              

Captain. 

1st  Lieutenant. 
2d  Lieutenant. 

1st  Sergeant. 

3d  Sergeant. 

4th  Sergeant. 

5th  Sergeant. 
Corporal. 

38 

Edmund   Paine 

Wm.  H.  H.  Miller -._  _ 

Robert  Potter     _  _          

20 
21 
29 

George  .1.  Wiliiston 

25 

G.  W.  Freatonborough 

Charles  W.  Wilsey 

David  Straiten 

23 
20 
23 

Philip  Ruckel  _            _         .. 

25 

John  L.  North-. 

24 

Robert  Burge 

John  M.  Chapman 

Adams,  Martin 

Allen,  James  F 

Adams,  John  H 

Bradley,  Enoch  A 

Bli.ss,  Robert 

Bloomfield.  Thomas 

Brownell,  Lafayette 

Barnes,  Benjaniin  F 

Buckingham,  Charles  E_ 

Clark,  Leroy  E 

Chamben,  Joseph 

Emmick,  Vincent  J 

Everett,  Brayton  O 

DoLson,  Homer  D  ^ 

Dubree,  Homer 

Doran,  William 

Daily,  Thomas 

Godfrey,  Era.stus  C 

Goucher,  Alvin 

Gleason,  Mario  A 

Glea.son,  Charles  M 

Hill,  .Joseph  B 

Hawks,  Ira  R 

Hill,  Daniel 

Horton,  William 

Henderson,  Oliver 

Meick,  Anthony 

Heely,  O.scar  J 

Palmer,  Richard  J 

Bentley,  James 

Boree,  Horace  M 

Campbell,  Benjamin  F_.. 

Heller,  George.. 

Henning,  James  L 

Hubbard,  Langdon  C 

Kirk,  WillianrM 

Ivirk,  Emerick 

Millison.  William 

Place,  James 

Rodd,  Charles 

Ray,  Julius 

Roberts,  Samuel 

Sawyer,  George 

Smith,  Thomas  M 

Sclappi,  Henry 

Shugar,  .John 

Taylor,  James 

Waggoner,  Joseph  M 

Waite,  Harrison 

Wentz,  Ephraim 

Wolcott,  James  M 

Wise, Thomas 

Wheaton,  Jon.  D 

Walters,  George 

Zimmerman,  .John 

Bradley,  James  H* 

Jones,  Enoch  Ft 

Austin.  Willist 

"Wangle,  Alexander? 


Hunk. 


Aije. 


Musician. 

Wagoner. 

Private. 


18 
34 

IS 
17 
2S 
20 
21 
45 
l.s 
.■J4 
17 
IS 
18 

17 
19 
28 
32 
25 
18 
22 
22 
24 
■>>> 

25 
19 
21 
17 
21  i 
20 
17 
25 
19 
23 
IS 
19 
19 
25 
23 
20 


17 
20 
19 
19 
18 
21 
17 
24 
30 
17 
19 
22 
32 
33 
19 
28 
'*2 
20 
17 
21 


"Discharged  July  2B,  1862. 
fDischarged  August  18,  ISIJS. 
tDied  September  15, 1862. 
gLeft  in  hospital,  sick. 


188 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ONE  HUNDEEDTH   EEGIMENT,   OHIO   VOLUNTEER  INPANTEY. 


The  followins?  is  a  list  of  tlie  more  imiiortant 
Ecgiincnl  took  ;iii  iionorublc  |)tirt : 

Kkoxville,  Tknn.        .        .  Winter  of  1864. 

Rocky  Face,     ....  May  5,  9,  1804. 

Dai.ton.  Ga.  .        .        .  May  9,  1864. 

Rksaca,  Ga May  13-16,  1864. 

Cahteissvili.i:,  Ga.        .        .  May  20,  1864. 

Dalla.s,  Ga MayL'r)-June4,  1864. 

Kenksaw  Mountain,    .         .  June  9-30,  1864. 

Chattaiioochik  liivKK,  Ga.     .  July  6-10,  1864. 

Atlanta,  (iA.        .         .         .  July  28-.Sept.  2,  1864. 

Utoy  CitEEK,  Ga.     .        .        .  Aug.  5-6,  1864. 


battles  and   military  movomuiits  iu  wliicli  this 


JONESBORO,  Ga. 

Love.joy'.s  Station,  Ga.  . 
Etowah  Orekk,  Ga.     . 
Columbia,  Tenn. 
Spuing  Hii,i,,  Tenn. 
Franklin,  Tenn. 
Nashville,  Tenn. 
Pursuit  op  Hood's  Army, 
Town  Creek, 
Wilmington,  N.  C.  . 


Aug.  31-Sept.  1, 1864. 
Sept.  2,  1864. 
Sept.  15,  1864. 
Nov.  24,  1864. 
Nov.  29,  1864. 
Nov.  30,  1864. 
Dec.  15-16,  1804. 
Dec.  1S04. 
Feb.  20,  18(i5. 
Feb.  22,  1865. 


The  Regiment  was  organized  at  Toledo  in 
Jul}-  and  August,  and  "was  mustered  into  the 
service  September  1, 1SG2.  On  the  8th  it  moved 
to  Cincinnati,  for  the  defense  of  that  City,  then 
.seriously  threatened  by  raids.  The  Eebel  Armj- 
under  General  Bragg  was  then  tiireatening 
Cincinnati,  and  the  Eegiraent  was  placed  in 
trenches  at  the  left  of  Fort  Mitchell,  on  the 
Lexington  Pike,  Kentucky.  As  Bragg  did  not 
attempt  an  assault  on  Covington  Heights,  as 
apprehended,  little  came  of  the  movement, 
although,  with  fresh  troops,  the  ease  was  by  no 
means  a  trifling  one.  The  Eebel  force  soon  re- 
treated to  Tennessee,  via  Lexington  and  the 
Cumberland  Passes.  Colonel  Groom  having 
resigned,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Slevin  was  pro- 
moted, his  rank  dating  May  25, 1863.  He  con- 
tinued in  command  until  "ounded  for  life, 
August  G,  18fi4,  in  a  charge  on  the  enemy's 
works  in  front  of  Atlanta,  Ga.  The  command 
then  devolved  on  Captain  Frank  Eundell,  who 
retained  the  same  until  the  release  of  Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel Hayes  from  Eebel  prison.  May 
12,  1865,  he  re.signed,  when  Captain  Rundell, 
meantime  promoted  to  Lieutenant  Colonel,  was 
placed  iu  command,  retaining  the  same  until 
mustei-  out,  July  1,  1865. 

The  Regiment  having  been  assigned  to  the 
Second  Brigade,  Third  Division,  Army  of  Ken- 
tucky, moved  in  pursuit  of  the  retreating 
Rebels  to  Lexington,  Ky.,  where  it  went  into 
camp  on  the  Fair  Grounds.  Remaining  in  Ken 
tucky  during  the  "Winter  and  Spring,  doing 
garrison  duty,  and  pursuing  Rebel  Cavalry 
raiders  until  August,  1863,  it  then  entered  upon 
a  more  active  campaign,  as  part  of  First  Bri- 
gade, Third  Division,  Twenty.Third  Corps  of 


the  Army  of  the  Ohio.  It  then  marched  with 
Burnside's  force  across  the  Cumberland  Moun- 
tains, and  assisted  in  the  capture  of  Knoxville, 
Tenn.,  the  Rebels  evacuating  upon  the  approach 
of  the  Union  troops.  At  Knoxville  a  part  of 
the  Regiment  was  detailed  for  provost  duty, 
while  the  balance  (some  300  men),  under  Major 
Hayes,  were  sent  to  Limestone  Station,  East 
Tennessee,  about  100  miles  distant,  to  intercept 
the  Rebels  and  prevent  the  destruction  of 
the  Railroad  bridge  at  that  point.  The  detach- 
ment reached  the  bridge  at  midnight,  when 
the  Major  lett  25  men  under  Lieutenant  Hine, 
Company  H,  at  the  bridge,  and  proceeded  to 
Jonesville,  10  miles  distant,  where  a  Rebel  Bri- 
gade was  encamped  under  General ''  Mudwall  " 
Jackson.  At  daj-break  Major  Hayes  moved 
upon  the  Eebel  pickets,  and  drove  them  to 
their  camp.  He  then  placed  his  command 
aboard  the  cars,  and  fell  back  to  Limestone 
Station.  Here  he  disembarked,  and  deployed 
on  picket  line.  The  little  command  had  scarcely 
deployed  on  the  skirmish  line  when  the  Eebels 
made  attack.  Major  Hayes  held  his  men  in 
line  from  12  m.  to  5  P.  M.,  when  by  repeated  as- 
saults, his  command  was  driven  into  small 
block-houses  at  the  bridge.  Of  this  the  enemy's 
artillery  soon  had  range,  when  the  Union  force 
(265  in  number)  was  compelled  to  surrender. 
Of  these,  85  died  in  Eebel  prisons  from  starva- 
tion and  exposure.  This  capture  was  a  sad 
blow  to  the  young  and  promising  Eegiment. 
It  was  fortunate  in  the  liberal  recruits  received 
by  it  during  the  following  winter,  p)reparing  it 
for  participation  with  Sherman  in  the  Georgia 
camfiaign. 

Soon  alter  Burnside  entered  Knoxville,  Gen. 


THE  WAR  OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD   WORK. 


189 


Carter,  of  the  United  States  Arm^-,  was  ap- 
pointed Provost  Marshal  of  East  Tennessee, 
with  headquarters  at  that  point.  He  issued 
safeguards  for  all  who  asked  for  them  for 
several  miles  about,  making  it  difficult  to  pro- 
vide stocks  of  supplies  for  the  troops  and 
horses.  Hence,  when  the  Rebel  General  Long- 
street  placed  the  City  under  siege,  resources 
for  food  were  limited  to  the  Holston.  The  men 
were  limited  to  one-third  rations,  and  these  of 
the  poorest  quality.  The  result  was  severe 
.suffering.  Large  number.s  of  the  cattle  designed 
for  the  troojjs  became  useless,  some  dying  from 
starvation. 

General  Eeilley's  Brigade,  of  which  the  One 
Hundredth  was  a  part,  was  designated  as  the 
Reserve,  to  be  ready  for  any  movement  which 
the  situation  might  indicate.  Hence,  the  men 
were  denied  the  use  of  tents  or  other  protection 
from  the  weather,  often  from  cold  and  rain 
very  severe,  causing  much  suffering  therefrom, 
as  well  as  from  hunger,  during  the  three  weeks' 
siege.  At  length,  General  Sherman  brought 
deliverance  by  driving  off  Longstreet  and  rais- 
ing the  siege.  The  Rebel  force  retreated  toward 
Bull's  Gap  and  Richmond,  followed  by  General 
Burnside's  main  force;  a  small  detachment, in- 
cluding the  One  Hundredth  Ohio,  being  left  to 
guard  Knoxville,  Colonel  Slevin  being  in  com- 
mand. It  was  deemed  fortunate  that  the  Rebels 
wei'e  not  advised  of  the  inadequate  force  then 
left  in  charge  of  that  important  point. 

Earl}'  in  the  Sjiring  of  1864,  General  Cox's 
Division,  including  the  One  Hundredth  Ohio, 
marclied  to  East  Tennessee,  whei-e  it  remained 
until  May,  when,  after  destroying  the  Railroad 
and  bridges  in  its  rear,  it  rejoined  the  Twenty- 
Third  Corp.s  at  Knoxville,  then  under  command 
of  General  Schofield,  taking  tlie  line  of  march 
for  General  Sherman  and  the  Atlanta  cam- 
paign, in  which  the  Regiment  bore  an  active 
and  honorable  part,  as  shown  by  the  foregoing 
list  of  battles.  It  lo.st  heavily,  especially  at 
Rocky  Face  Ridge,  Daiton,  Resaca,  Cartersville, 
Dallas,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  and  Chattahoocliie 
River.  On  6th  of  August  General  Reilley's 
Brigade  was  ordered  to  charge  on  the  enemy's 
works  in  front  of  Atlanta,  and  to  carry  them  at 
all  hazards.  In  that  desperate  action  the  Bri- 
gade lost,  in  killed  and  wounded,  600  men,  in- 
cluding 103  out  of  300  of  the  One  Hundredth. 
Col.  Slevin  was  among  the  severely  wounded. 

From  Atlanta   the   Regiment  joined    in   the 


pursuit  of  Hood  and  afterwards  participated  in 
the  battles  of  Franklin  and  Nashville.  With 
the  Twenty-Third  Corps,  it  moved  to  Wil- 
mington, North  Carolina,  and  was  there  ac- 
tively engaged.  Thence  it  moved  with  Sher- 
man's Army  to  Raleigh.  It  then  moved  to 
Greensboro,  whence  it  proceeded  to  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  where  it  was  mustered  out  July  1,  1865, 
having  served  two  years  and  10  months 
During  its  term  of  service,  the  Regiment  lost 
65  men  killed  in  battle ;  142  wounded  ;  27  died 
of  wounds;  108  died  of  disease  ;  325  wei-e  cap- 
tured by  the  enemy  ;  and  85  died  in  Rebel 
prisons.  It  participated  in  the  battles  of  Le- 
noir Station,  Knoxville,  Rocky  Face  Ridge, 
Resaca,  Dallas,  Etowah  Creek,  Columbus, 
Franklin,  Nasiiville,  Town  Creek,  Wilmington 
and  Goldsboro,  besides  numerous  skirmishes. 

At  Cleveland,  on  its  return,  the  Regiment 
was  provided  with  a  bountiful  supply  of  re- 
freshments, and  at  the  Park  was  addressed  on 
behalf  of  the  citizen.s  by  A.  T.  Slade,  Esq.,  who, 
in  the  course  of  his  remarks,  said  : 

Think  of  it.  The  Confederate  soldier  goes  to  his 
home,  after  years  of  fruitless  resi.stance  to  his  Govern- 
ment, to  find  that  home  desolate — his  friends  killed 
or  scattered — with  no  pay,  no  pension,  no  land,  no 
thanks — to  go  down,  for  all  time,  as  a  traitor  to  this 
great  and  good  Government.  You,  on  the  other 
hand,  after  years  of  fighting,  find  your  homes  joy- 
ous— with  pay,  with  pensions,  with  the  gratitude  of 
your  loyal  countrymen  ;  and,  above  all,  and  over  all, 
with  an  undivided  country — with  names  that  poetry 
and  eloquence  shall  vie  to  honor. 

April  2,  1864,  was  published  at  Toledo  a  let- 
ter from  Lieutenant  Norman  Waite,  100th 
Ohio,  asking  the  people  of  Toledo  to  furnish 
that  command  with  a  new  stand  of  colors,  for 
reasons  which  he  stated  as  follows  : 

Sept.  8,  1863,  .300  of  the  Regiment  met  1,200  of 
the  enemy  and  fought  them  from  9  to  11;30.\.  m.,  and 
repulsed  them,  and  then  fell  back  six  nules,  and  from 
1:30  till  5  P.  M.,  fought  2,100  Rebels  with  four  cannon, 
our  boys  having  no  artillery — holding  them  until 
their  last  cartridge  was  fired,  and  then  retiring  into 
log  stockades,  which  the  enemy  soon  knocked  down 
over  their  heads,  and  only  surrendered  when  over- 
powered by  seven  to  one.  We  have  lost  one  flag  and 
have  one-half  of  the  other,  filled  w'ith  bullet-holes, 
the  balance  having  been  .shot  away  by  a  shell  from 
the  enemy's  guns.  Will  not  the  citizens  of  Lucas 
County  see  that  this  Regiment — true  to  its  country — 
true  to  its  State,  and  an  honor  to  this  District — is 
furnished  with  a  new  stand  of  colors  ? 


190 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Within  three  days  of  such  imblicatioii  the 
re<iiiisite  sum  of  money  wa8  on  its  way  to 
Lieutenant  "Waite,  where  it  was  duly  received. 

In  a  letter,  dated  at  Libby  Prison,  Novem- 
ber 8,  18(;3,  Captain  W.  W.  Hunt  furnished  a 
list  of  members  of  his  Company  (E)  then  held 
at  Belle  Isle,  as  follows :  Sergt.  N.  Stutgard. 
Corp.  .Tamos  D.  Kniglit.  Privates— Harry 
Stark,  Ira  Beverly,  Milo  Metcalf,  Truman  M. 
Tyler,  Daniel  Navarre, Miles  A.  Aldrich,  Henry 
Berncr,  John  Cuthbert,  Samuel  Berry,  Levi 
Leuardson,  Charles  LaFountain,  Lewis  M. 
Poierier,  Wm.  James,  George  W.  Seymour, 
James  Brimson,  Alonzo  Sabin,  Conrad  Folmer, 
Harry  Albert,  D.  P.  Streeter,  Daniel  Clark,  and 
Wm.  Day. 

On  the  28tb  of  March,  1865,  the  battle-flag 
of  the  One  Hundredth  Ohio  was  delivered  to 
the  Toledo  Board  of  Trade,  by  Captain  J.  B. 
Blinn,  accompanied  by  the  following  letter: 

Headquarters  IOOth  0.  V.  I., 

1st  Brig.,  3d  Div.,  230  A.  C. 
Wilmington,  N.  C,  March  4,  1865. 
Sir— In  behalf  of  the  officers  and  men  of  this  Reg- 
iment, I  bave  the  honor  to  present  to  you  this  tattered 
banner,  with  the  request  that  it  may  be  preserved 
by  the  Toledo  Board  of  Trade,  in  memory  of  the 
brave  men  who  have  gallantly  carried  and  defended 
it  in  the  battles  of  If  toy  Creek  and  Atlanta,  Columbia, 
Franklin  and  Nashville,  and  of  Town  Creek  ;  also  in 
sacred  remembrance  of  Color-C!orporal  Byron  C.  Bald- 
win, who  yielded  up  his  life  in  its  defense  at  Frank- 
lin, Tennessee,  saturating  its  folds  with  his  precious 
blood.  Its  term  of  service  has  been  short — less  tlian 
a  year— but  it  is  covered  with  honorable  scars,  worthy 
of  a  veteran.  Presented  to  us  by  the  citizens  of  To- 
ledo, we  know  of  no  better  hands  in  wliich  to  deposit 
it,  than  yours. 

Your  obedient  servant, 

E.  L.  HAYES,  Brevet  Brig.-Gen. 
To  the  President  of  Toledo  Board  cif  Trade. 

The  Board  of  Trade,  through  Harry  Chase, 
President,  and  Carlos  Colton,  Secretary,  made 
fitting  reply  to  the  foregoing  letter,  accepting 
the  flag,  thanking  the  Regiment  for  it,  and 
promising  carefully  to  preserve  it.  This  was 
the  flag  provided  at  the  suggestion  of  Lieuten- 
ant Waite  in  April,  1864.  In  July,  1865,  Col. 
Slevin  delivered  the  flag  to  the  Board  of  Trade. 
It  bore  the  record:  "Limestone,"  "Siege  of 
Knoxville,"  "Eocky  Face,"  "Resaca,"  "  Dallas," 
"Utoy  Creek,"  "Atlanta,"  "Columbia,"  "Frank 
lin,"  "Nashville,"  "Town  Creek,"  "Wilming- 
ton." M.  E.  Waite,  Esq.,  on  behalf  of  the 
Board  of  Trade,  responded  to  the  address  of 


Colonel  Slevin,  thanking  the  Eegiment  for  the 
flag,  and  pledging  the  Board  that  the  same 
should  be  carefully  preserved. 

The  following  casualties  occurring  at  the 
battle  of  Franklin  in  the  One  Hundredth  Eeg- 
iment, were  reported  at  the  time  : 

Killed.— Capt.  W.  W.  Hunt,  Co.  E;  Lieut.  M.  A. 
Brown,  Co.  E;  A.  D.  Hines,  Co.  K;  Corps.  Henry 
Shaffer,  Co.  B,  and  Byron  C.  Baldwin,  Co.  A;  Miirtin 
Miller,  Co.  D;  Andrew  E.  Bradley,  Co.  H;  William 
Stone,  Co.  I. 

Wounded. — Lieut.  Henry  Obee,  Co.  I);  Ordeily 
Sergts.  H.  C.  Connard,  Co.  1,  and  W.  Fergu.son,  Co. 
K;  Sergts.  Emanuel  Gruger,  Co.  A,  and  A.  W.  Allen, 
Co.  K;  Corps.  N.  C.  Navarre,  Co.  E,  and  James  Jones, 
Co.  A;  Z.  Zeller.  Co.  A;  Wm.  Myrice  Co.  B;  A.  .1. 
Duncomb,  Co.  C;  C.  Badger,  John  Obee,  John  Wes- 
sels,  Fred.  Nilds  and  M.  G.  Worden,  Co.  D;  C.  La- 
Fountain  and  Martin  V.  Bates,  Co.  E;  John  Kerr  and 
Mack  Boon,  Co.  G;  Campbell  Boyd  and  W.  H.  Ligs- 
by,  Co.  H;  Jas.  Donot  and  Levi  JMorris,  Co.  I;  Samuel 
Whitehead  and  Wm.  Mowrey,  Co.  K. 

Missing. — Sergt.  John  F.  Bookwalter,  Corp.  A.  W. 
King,  Jos.  Young,  B.  D.  Donahue,  Allen  Borden,  H. 
AV.  Walker,  I).  H.  Hosach,  Henry  Dunlay,  Angust 
Tnlbert,  Lyman  R.  Critchfield,  J.  A.Fleming,  George 
Hill,  Wm.  llilbert,  Wm.  Wheeler  and  AVillis  Lane, 
Co.  I);  H.  Alfred  and  E.  B.  Stockwell,  Co.  E;  Pat. 
Farley,  Geo.  Whitenuui  and  Wm.  AVhiteman,  Co.  G; 
M.  Crew,  John  Gross,  Theo.  Hess,  W.  H.  Patten  J. 
H.  Ross,  John  Starr,  M.  V.  B.  Phillips  and  B.  M. 
Black,  Co.  H;  Benj.  B.  Beal,  Co.  I;  John  Fleagh, 
Co.  K. 

In  a  letter  dated  Nashville,  Tennessee,  De- 
cember 9,  1864,  Adjutant  Norman  Waite,  llKiih 
Ohio  Infantry,  gave  this  incident  of  the  battle 
of  Franklin  : 

Colonel  E.  L.  Hayes  ordered  the  Color-Bearer 
(Byron  C.  Baldwin,  Co.  A)  to  advance  and  place  his 
colors  in  the  works,  which  be  did,  and  the  works 
were  ours  again.  It  was  nearly  dark,  and  they  had 
charged  at  six  dift'erent  times,  and  we  fought  nearly 
the  whole  time  until  10  p.  m.  Capt.  W.  W.  Hunt,  Act- 
ing Major,  fought  nobly.  About  7  o'clock  we  missed 
him,  and  found  him  dead  near  the  front  works. 
Lieut.  Milton  A.  Brown  was  on  the  .skirmish  line 
and  w'as  wounded  as  it  was  falling  back,  but  gained 
our  works,  and  while  cheering  on  our  men  was 
shot  dead.  Color-Sergeant  Baldwin  had  the  flag  pre- 
sented to. us  by  the  citizens  of  Toledo.  The  upper 
part  of  the  stall'  was  broken  oti'  by  a  bullet,  and  the 
lower  half  gone.  While  thus  carrying  the  colors  he 
was  shot,  when  he  deliberately  wrapped  the  flag 
around  him  and  died — his  life-blood  saturating  the 
folds  of  the  flag.  In  less  than  4S  hours  the  Regiment 
fought  in  two  hard  battles,  and  marched  over  40 
miles,  besides  building  a  line  of  works.  AVe  went  into 
the  fight  with  250  men  and  lost  62  in  killed,  wound- 
ed and  missing. 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD    WORK. 


191 


STAFF  OF  ONE  HUNDREDTH  REGIMENT. 


Names. 

Rank. 

Date  0/  Rank. 

Remarks. 

- 

.John  C.  Groom 

Colonel. 

Aug.  28,  1862 

Resigned  May  13,  1863. 

Patrick  S.  Slevin 

" 

May  13,  1863 

Honorably  discharged  November 

30,  1864. 

Edwin  L.  Hayes 

Jan.    2,  1865 

Resigned  May  12,  1865. 

Patrick  S.  Slevin 

Lieut.  Colonel. 

Aug.  S,  1S()2 

Promoted  to  Colonel. 

Edwin  L.  Haves 

C( 

May  13,  1863 

Promoted  to  Colonel. 

Franklin  Kundell 

'* 

Jan.    2,  1865 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Edwin  L.  Haves 

Major. 

Aug.  26,  1862 

Promoted  to  Lieutenant-Colonel. 

John  A. Shannon 

*' 

May  13,  1863 

Mustered  out  Mav  11,  ls(i4. 

Henry  D.  Taylor 

(1 

July  13,  1864 

Resigned,  Captain,  December  12, 

1S()4. 

Franklin  Kundell 

Jan.    2,  1865 

'romoted  to  Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Geo.  A.  CoUaniore 

Surgeon. 

Aug.  9,  1S62 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Henry  McHenry 

" 

Aug.  15,  1S62 

Declined. 

Wm.  H.  Thacker 

(( 

Aug.  lit,  1862 

Discharged  October  1,  1863. 

Robert  Johnson 

Sept.  8,  1862 

Mustered  out  with  R(>giment. 

Leonard  B.  Griffing 

Chaplain. 

Sept.  13,1862 

Discharged  October  i),  1864. 

ROSTER  OF  COMPANY  E. 


Names. 


Dennis  C.  Lehan 

Francis  M.  Shoemaker., 

Noe  Nelson 

John  P.  Denny 

Israel  K.Kramer 

Orson  G.  Ballou 

Alford  R.  Hill 

Wm.  H.  Pen>berton 

Wm.  Perrin 

John  Winters 

Albert  Dean 

Maberry  Van  Fleet- 

Morris  Harford 

John  E.  Farner 

Wni.  E.  Dibble 

William  Lose 

Martin  Hut'tile 

John  Eastwood 

Bates,  Thomas 

Blystone,  William 

Brown,  .John 

Black,   William 

Bulger,  Henry 

Burds,  Noah 

Crepps,  David 

Coon,  Almon  P 

Curtis,  Levally  R 

Disher,  Christian 

Duck,  John 

Davis,  Philander 

Dart,  David 

Eckert,  Isaiah 

Gallmer,  Jacob 

Gistwite,  Samuel 

Hall,  Archillus  B 

Holt,  AVm___     ._ 

Holt.  John  P 

Hoat,  Cyrus 

•lay,  William  H 

Lafiore,  Oliver 

Lapoint,  Joseph 

Mitchell,  Francis 

Monroe,  Spencer 

McNutt,  Stephen  L.    .__ 
Miller,  McConnell 


Rank. 


Captain. 

>( 

1st  Lieut. 
(( 

2d  Lieut. 

1st  Sergt. 

Sergeant. 
i( 

e( 

Corporal. 


Musician. 
Private. 


26 
23 
31 
23 
2!) 
27 
28 
25 
32 
33 


20 
21 
20 
18 
33 
21 
30 
28 
18 
19 


19 
33 
21 
19 
18 
19 
39 
19 
20 
28 
18 
31 
18 
25 
19 
28 
27 
18 
32 
25 
25 


Date  nf 

Entering  tlte 

Service. 


.July  27,1802 
July  25.  1862 
July  29,  1,S62 
Am;.  7,1862 
Aug.  9,1862 
July  24,  1862 
Aug.  4,1862 
July  25,  1862 
Aug.  7,  1862 
Aug.  .S,1,S62 
Aug.  6.  1862 
Julv  25,  1862 
July  28,  1862 
July2.S,  1862 
July  28,  1862 
Aug.  7,1862 
Aug.  6,1862 
July  22,  1862 
Aug.  6,  1862 
6,1862 
2.  1862 
8,1862 
8,1862 
7,1862 
July  27,  1862 
July  28,  1862 
Aug.  8,1862 
Aug.  8,1862 
Aug.  7,1862 
Aug.  5,1  S62 
Aiag.  12,1862 
Aug.  7,1862 
July  25,  1862 
Aug.  7,1.S62 
Aug.  2,1.S(;2 
July31,l.s62 
July  25,  1862 
Aug.    ,S,1862 


Remarks. 


Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 


Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 


2,1  S62 
7,1862 
5,1862 
2,1862 
6,1862 
6,1862 


July  28,  1862 


Resigned  April  27,  1863. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Resigned. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 
Resigned. 

Captured.  Died  in  captivity. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mu.stered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Discharged  July  8,  ],8(;5. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  comiiany. 
Mustered  out  «ith  conipany. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Sent  to  hospital. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  compan}'. 
Left  in  hospital. 
Mustered  out  with  company, 
JNIustered  out  with  company. 
Wounded.  Discharged. 
Clustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mu.stered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mu.stered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Discharged  June  23,  1865. 
Absent,  .sick. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 
Discharged  May  24,  1865. 


102 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


w* 

Date  of 

NdTiies. 

JJa»iit. 

'S 

Entering  the 

lirmavks. 

Service. 

Navarre,  Tsadore. 

Private. 

23 

Aug.  12,1862 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Navarre,  DaviiL-     

a 

25 

Aug.  12,1862 

Mustereil  out  with  company. 

I'inkcrton,  (ieorge 

" 

18 

July  27, 1862 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

IVlkiv,  William — 

It 

21 

Aug.    8,1862 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Patten,  Cieorge  M 

ti 

22 

Julv  31,1862 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Rpillv.  Jaiue.s  W 

" 

23 

Aug.    8,1862 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Stewart.  Jacob  S_ 

" 

IS 

July  27,1862 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Swangston,  Isaac 

Shinkev,  Andrew 

(t 

18 

Aug.    2,1862 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

" 

IS 

Aug.    8,1862 

Wounded. 

Shoultz,  Benjamin 

*' 

33 

Aug.    9,1862 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Switzer,  Jacob     __  -  -  - 

(( 

30 

Aug.    7,1862 

Discharged. 

Snntt    lillfuS                              

(1 

18 
20 
40 

Aug.    8.1862 
July  29,1862 
Aug.    1,1862 

Mustered  out  w^ith  companv. 

Trnnn    Elias            --      

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Wbiteman,  Harrison 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Whitmore,  Fred  K    

(. 

37 

Aug.    1,1862 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Weible,  George  S 

C( 

18 

Aug.    8,1862 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

AVard,  Charles..       _-     - 

(( 

25 

July  25,1862 

Mustered  out  with  companv. 

Trorabla,  Basail 

Sergeant. 

37 

Aug.    7,1862 

Discharged. 

All    Francis 

Private. 

28 
22 

Julv  28,1862 
July  20  1862 

Discharged. 

Batt,  Levi 

Discharged. 

Laflore,  Dominic 

i( 

22 

Aug.    5,1862 

Discharged. 

Loncrgan,  Martin 

(( 

is 

Aug.    6,1862 

Discharged. 

McNutt,  William  J 

*' 

18 

Dec.    5,1863 

Discharged. 

Phillips,  Lyman 

(( 

32 

Aug.   8,1862 

Discharged. 

Morris.  George  W 

(( 

24 

Julv  28,1862 

Transferred. 

44 
22 

Aug.    9,1862 
Feb.  28, 1864 

Transferred. 

Sangston,  George 

Transferred. 

T?.fliifttiis  Heller 

Sergeant. 

Corporal. 

it 

■'() 

Aug.   8,  1862 

Wounded.     Died. 

T  prov  J.  Smith 

•'3 

July  25,  1862 

Killed. 

James  C.  House 

29 

Aug.    8,1862 

Killed. 

Jackson  P.  Sager 

(( 

32 

Aug.    S,  1862 

Killed. 

Andrew  M.  Trapp 

(( 

22 

Aug.    1,1862 

Killed. 

Cyius  Salsbury 

'' 

30 

Aug.    8,1862 

Killed. 

Richard  Herbert 

Musician. 

44 

Julv  23, 1862 

Died. 

Abbott,  Lucius 

Private. 

IS 

Aug.   2,1862 

Died. 

Abbott  James 

*< 

•^3 

July  24,  1862 

Died. 

Bemis,  William  C 

(( 

19 

Aug.   2,1862 

Died. 

Boucher,  Jacob 

(( 

23 

Sept.    1,1862 

Died. 

Cramer,  John 

(( 

30 

Aug.   7,1862 

Died. 

Charter,  Nelson 

(( 

36 

Aug.    7,1862 

Died. 

Clutter;  Andrew  J 

(( 

26 

Aug.    8,1862 

Killed  in  action. 

Cumniings,  Ira  S 

(( 

18 

July  23, 1862 

Died. 

Dicken,  Isaac. 

,1 

21 

90 

July  31, 1862 
Aug.   8,1862 
Aug.   8,1862 

Killed  in  action. 

Hahn  Valentine 

Died  in  captivity. 
Killed  in  action. 

Lucas,  Ranatus 

(( 

18 

Mills,  Robert 

11 

26 

Aug.  22, 1862 

Died  in  hospital. 

Phillips,  Ed  ward 

It 

23 

Aug.   7,1862 

Killed  in  action. 

Ruckel,  John 

*' 

19 

Aug.    7,1862 

Killed  in  action. 

Rathbun,  Benjamin 

11 

20 

July  24, 1862 

Killed  in  action. 

Snider,  Israel 

(( 

19 

Sept.    1,1862 
Aug.    6,1862 

Died  in  hospital. 

Sandviet,  Anthony 

<( 

37 

Died  in  hospital. 

Stebbins,  Cuvler 

(( 

18 

July  28, 1862 

Died  in  hospital. 

Spade,  Samuel 

(( 

■^1 

Aug.    9,1862 

Died  in  captivity. 

Died  in  hospital  from  wounds. 

Wilcox,  George  E 

>e 

18 

Aug.  22,1862 

Waggoner,  George  E 

(( 

IS 

Julv  27,  1862 

Died  in  hospital  from  wounds. 

Higgins,   Dennis 

ii 

36 

Aug.    6,1862 

Pavne,  John  B. 

'* 

18 

Julv  20,  1862 

Saw  ver,  Ira  B  _        _  _     _ 

(t 

23 

Aug.    8,1862 

COMPANY    F. 


Names. 

Rant. 

& 
■^ 

Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 

Remarks. 

Norman  Waite 

John  W.  Jaquett 

Alonzo  Streeter 

Wm.  N.  Stutgard 

1st  Lieut. 

1st  Sergt. 
Sergeant. 

27 
38 
33 
34 

Aug.lO,  1862 
July  17,  1862 
Aug.  8,  1862 
July  26,  1862 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  December  1,  1864. 
Promoted  1st  Lieutenant  December  1,  1864. 
Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 
Wounded;  mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— FIELD   WORK. 


193 


Navies, 


James  D.  Knight 

Alonzo  L.  Freeman 

Delevan  R.  Streeter 

Thomas  Bladon 

George  Finch 

Daniel  Luke . 

Geo.  E.  McBride 

Chas.  W.  Allen 

Martin  V.  Bates 

Francis  Bunting 

George  Bladon 

Ira  Beverly 

John  A.  Boston 

Samuel  Berry 

William  Carpenter 

Peter  Coleman 

Conrad  Falmer 

John  Harris 

Frank  Hollister 

Chas.  H.Johnson 

William  James 

Thomas  Lyons 

Wm.  Langendorf 

Levi  Leonardson 

Daniel  Navarre 

Isadore  Navarre 

Philip  Newcoman 

Owen  O'Neal 

Chas.  H.  Peter 

Lewis  N.  Porerier 

John  Raymond 

Jacob  Rahan 

Peter  Suzor 

Wm.  Shay 

Henry  Sterk 

Israel  Timmer 

Pierre  Vasen 

James  B.  Menhennick__ 

Henry  Alberts 

Henry  Alford 

James  Brennan 

Daniel  Clark 

Willis  Lane 

Silas  McCarty 

Israel  K.  Kramer 

George  W.  Gove 

Thos.  Armstrong 

Robert  C.  Navarre 

Henry  Belknap 

John  Cuthhert 

John  Dilmore 

Robert  S.  Drake 

Walter  Dustin 

George  Griffin 

James  Laughlin 

Charles  LaFontain 

Patrick  O'Neal 

William  Reinhart 

John  Riser 

William  Shaffner 

Ch.as.  H.  Sprague 

Leander  J.  Wilcox 

Abram  J.  Ferguson 

Orlin  S.  Hayes 

James  S.  Ritch 

John  Armstrong 

James  Doyle 

George  Foly 

James  Smiley 

Edmund  S.  Smith 

Geo.  H.  Seymour 

Jeremiah  Wildy 


Rank. 


Sergeant. 


Corporal. 

(( 

Mu.sician. 

Wagoner. 

Private. 


Corporal. 
Private. 


Sergeant. 
Corporal. 


Private. 


Musician. 

Sergeant. 

Corporal. 

Private. 


Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Aug.  4, 
JulvL's, 
Aug.  S, 
Julvlii), 
July  20, 
Aug.  9, 
Aug.  8, 
Aug.  5, 
July  18, 
Aug.27, 
July  29, 
Aug.ll, 
July  23, 
Aug.lo, 
Aug.ll, 
Aug.  1, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.  7, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.  1, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.  13, 
Aug.  16, 
Aug.  9, 
July  28, 
Aug.l4, 
Dec.  2, 
Aug.  15, 
Aug.21, 
Aug.  6, 
Aug.  b, 
Aug.  0, 
Aug.  8, 
July  18, 
Aug.  13, 
July  26, 
Aug.  10, 
Aug.  7, 
Aug.  13, 
Oct.  22, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.  8, 
Aug.  8, 
Aug.  13, 
Aug.  7, 
Aug.13, 
July  23. 
July  26, 
Aua.22, 
Aug.14, 
Aug.  G, 
July  30, 
July  16, 
Aug.  7, 
Aug.  8, 
July  2.5, 
Aug.lo, 
Julv29, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.  10, 
July  18, 
July  28, 
July  21, 
July  19, 
Aug.  1, 
Aug.  b, 
July  21, 
Aug.16, 
Aug.  8, 
Aug.  8, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.  4, 


1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1865 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1863 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 


Remarks. 


Captured;  mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1SC5. 

Wounded. 

Captured;  mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  186.5. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1S65. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  18(i5. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Discharged  J\Iay  30,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

.Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  .luly  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  J  865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  186.5. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  I,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  compan}-  July  1,  1S65. 

Transferred  to  Yet.  Res.  Corps  .lanuary  15,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  companv  July  1,  186.5. 

Transferred  to  183d  O.  V.  L,  June  1.5,  1865. 

Discharged  June  3,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Transferred  to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1,  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  .luly  1.  1865. 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1, 

Mustered  out  with  company  July  1, 

Discharged;  captured. 

Discharged;  captured. 

Captured. 

Discharged;  captured. 

Captured. 

Missing. 

Captured. 

Promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant  October  28,  18G3. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged;  wounded. 

Discharged. 

Discharged;  captured. 

Discharged. 

Appointed  in  Regular  Army. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Captured;  wounded;  mustered  out. 

Mustered  out ;  accidentally  wounded. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged;  wounded. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Promoted  to  Sergeant-Major. 

Promoted  to  Commissary  Sergeant. 

Transferred  to  Invalid  Corps. 

Transferred  to  Navy. 

Transferred  to  Navy. 

Transferred  to  Navy. 

Transferred  to  Navy. 

Transferred  to  Navy. 

Transferred;  discharged. 


1865. 

1865. 


194 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Names. 


Wm.  A.  Brown 

Charles  Wilkinson 

Miles  A.  Aldrieh 

John  Bales 

Henry  Benoar 

William  Davis 

Abel  Ethvards 

Wni.  Day 

John  Knight 

Arthur  McGlue 

Milo  R.  Metcalf - 

Charles  Rolling 

William  SidelL 

Alonzo  Sabing 

Christian  Swakeman 

Eli  Salsbury 

Eleazer  B.  Stoekwell 

Alonzo  Turner 

Truman  M.  Tyler 

John  VV.  Williams 

Joseph  Youngs 


?^ 

Rank. 

— 

26 

1st  Sergt. 

Corporal. 

18 

Private. 

18 

n 

'so" 

il 

20 

n 

'42' 

tl 

21 

It 

43 

tl 

24 

tl 

19 

11 

30 

" 

21 

I 

34 

il 

34 

il 

32 

(1 

26 

11 

21 

•* 

38 

(C 

19 

Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


July 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Dec 

Aug. 

July 

Dec. 

July 

July 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

July 

July 

Aug. 

Aug. 

July 

Aug 

July 

Aug. 


24,  1862 
8,  1862 
5,  1862 

21,  1863 
8,  1862 

30,  1S62 
30,  1863 
20,  1862 
23,  1862 
8,  1862 
2,  1862 

7,  1862 

13,  1862 
27,  1862 
26,  1862 

8,  1862 

14,  1862 
2.5,  1862 

22,  1862 
19,  1862 

5,  1862 


Remarks. 


Killefl  in  action. 

Died. 

Died;  captured. 

Died;  wounded. 

Died;  captured. 

Died. 

Died;  wounded. 

Died;  captured. 

Died. 

Died. 

Died;  captured. 

Died. 

Killed  in  action. 

Died;  captured. 

Killed  in  action. 

Died. 

Lost  on  steamer  Sultana. 

Died. 

Died;  captured. 

Died. 

Killed  in  action. 


ONE  HUNDKBD  AND   ELEVENTH    EEGIMENT,   OHIO   VOLUNTEER  INFANTEY. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  more  important  battles  in  whicli  this  Eegiment  bore  an  honora- 
ble part : 

Frankfort,  Ky Oct.  .S,  1862.  Nicoj.ick,  Ga 

Huff's  Ferry,  Tbnn.,      .      .  Nov.  14, 1862.  Decatur,  Ga., Dee.  27-28,  1864. 

Loudon  Creek,  Tenn.,    .       .  Nov.  15,  1862.  Peachtree  Creek,  Ga.,    .     .  July  20,  1864. 

Campbell's  Station,  Tenn.,     .  Nov.  17,  1862.  Atlanta,    Ga., July,  1864. 

Rocky  Face  Ridge,  Ga.,    .     .  May  9,  1864.  Lovbioy's  Station,  Ga.,     .     .  Sept.  2-6,  1864. 

Resaca,  Ga., May  13-14,  1864.  Franklin,  Tenn.,       ....  Nov.  30,  1864. 

Kenesaw,  Ga., June  27,  1864.  Nashville,  Tenn.,    ....  Dec.  15-16,  1864. 

Dallas,  Ga., May  2.5-June  4, 1864. 


The  Eegiment  was  raised  in  the  Counties  of 
Lucas,  Wood,  Sandusky,  Fulton,  Williams  and 
Defiance;  was  organized  in  August,  and  mus- 
tered into  service  September  5  and  6,  1862. 
On  the  11th  it  took  the  field  at  Covington, 
Kentucky,  and  remained  there  until  the  18th, 
when,  with  four  other  Eegiments  and  a  Bat- 
tery, it  made  a  reconnoissance  to  Crittenden, 
Kentucky,  where  it  drove  out  the  Eebel  Cav- 
alry under  Kirby  Smith,  and  returned  to 
Covington.  Eemaining  there  until  the  25th,  it 
then  took  transports  for  Louisville,  where  it 
was  assigned  to  Buell's  Army,  in  the  Third 
Brigade,  Twelfth  Division,  under  General 
Duniont.  October  3d,  the  Eegiment  moved  to 
Shelbyville,  and  on  the  8th  occupied  the 
advance  in  the  movement  on  Frankfort,  where 
a  skirmish  took  place.  The  11th  of  October  it 
moved  on  Lawreneeburg  and  cam]>ed  at  Crab 


Orchard,  there  joining  Buell's  Army.  After 
Bragg's  escape  through  Ckimberland  Gap,  the 
Eegiment,  by  rapid  marches,  proceeded  to 
Bowling  Green,  Kentucky.  May  29,  1863,  it 
was  ordered  to  Glasgow,  Kentucky,  at  which 
place  it  was  assigned  to  the  Second  Brigade, 
Second  Division,  Twenty-Third  Army  Corps, 
in  which  it  remained  until  mustered  out  of 
service.  From  Glasgow  the  command  moved 
on  Scottsville  and  Tomkinsville. 

It  was  about  this  time  that  John  Morgan  be- 
gan his  famous  raid  on  Indiana  and  Ohio.  In 
pursuit  of  him  the  One  Hundred  and  Eleventh 
took  part,  marching  July  4,  1863,  from  Tom- 
kinsville to  Glasgow,  32  miles,  in  one  day, 
carrying  guns,  equipments,  and  40  rounds  of 
ammunition.  July  6th,  it  marched  to  Munfords- 
ville,  and  on  the  9th  took  cars  for  Ijouisville. 
Morgan  had   then  crossed  the    Ohio,  and  the 


THE   WAR  OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD   WORK. 


195 


Eegiment  was  ordered  to  New  Albany,  Indi- 
ana, whence  it  marched  to  Jeffersonville,  thei-e 
taking  transportsi  for  Cincinnati.  At  an  iahmd 
10  miles  above  Louisville  a  portion  of  the 
Regiment  was  landed  and  a  detachment  of 
Morgan's  force  was  captured,  the  larger  por- 
tion of  them  by  Company  H,  Captain  J.  W. 
Smith,  after  a  chase  of  a  mile.  Arriving  at 
Cincinnati  on  the  13th,  it  proceeded  to  Ports- 
mouth, which  was  reached  on  the  18th. 
After  Morgan  was  captured  the  Regiment  re- 
turned to  Kentuck}',  stopping  first  at  Lebanon, 
whence  it  marched  to  New  Market,  where  tlie 
Corps  rendezvoused,  before  marching  to  East 
Tennessee,  which  was  commenced  August  19th; 
Jamestown,  85  miles  from  Knoxville,  being 
reached  on  the  26th.  From  that  jDoint  the 
command,  by  rapid  march,  proceeded  through 
Turman's  Gap,  reaching  Montgomery,  August 
30th.  It  forded  Big  Emery  River  September 
2d,  and  arrived  at  Loudon,  Tennes.see,  on  the 
4th.  Here  it  remained  until  November  14th, 
and  took  part  in  the  movement  North  of  New 
Market  for  checking  the  Rebel  advance  from 
Virginia,  and  also  in  several  forced  marches, 
scouts  and  skirmishes  along  the  Tennessee  and 
Holston  Rivers. 

The  advance  of  Longstreet's  Rebel  force 
ap))eared  in  front  of  Loudon  October  22d, 
when  considerable  skirmishing  took  place. 
November  14th  the  Union  force  marched  to 
Ijenoir,  whence  the  Second  Brigade  was 
ordered  to  Huff's  Ferrj',  three  hiiles  below 
Loudon,  to  prevent  Longstreet  from  crossing 
the  River,  but  owing  to  the  bad  condition  of 
the  roads,  the  ferry  was  not  reached  until  dusk. 
A  Brigade  of  Rebels  was  encountered  on  a 
bluff  half  a  mile  from  the  river,  on  wliich  a 
successful  charge  was  made,  in  wliich  the  Regi- 
ment lost  a  few  wounded.  The  Brigade  stood 
to  arms  all  night  in  a  pelting  rain,  without 
shelter  or  food  ;  and  at  daylight,  with  the 
Division  fell  back,  the  One  Hundred  and 
Eleventh  covering  the  retreat.  A  brisk  skir- 
mish took  place  at  Loudon  Creek,  between  the 
Regiment  and  the  Sixth  South  Carolina  Sharp- 
shooters, composing  Longstreet's  advance. 
The  stand  was  made  to  permit  Henshaw's 
Illinois  Battery  to  get  its  caissons  up  a  hill  al)ove 
the  Creek.  In  that  ensatfement  the  Regiment 
lost  four  killed  and  12  wounded.  The  com- 
mand then  marched  unmolested  to  Lenoir.  On 
the  night  of  the  15th   of  November  all  camp 


and  garrison  equipage  and  transportation  were 
destroyed,  and  at  3:00  a.  m.  of  tiie  Kith,  the 
force  moved  for  Knoxville.  At  <layliglit 
Lieutenant  Norris  and  52  men  of  Company  B 
were  captured  while  on  picket.  Of  these  52 
strong,  able  men,  no  less  than  36,  or  over  two- 
thirds,  died  of  starvation  and  exposure  in  the 
Rebel  prison-pen  at  Andersonville.  General 
Burnside  had  fixed  upon  Campbell  Station  as 
the  point  for  meeting  Longstreet's  force.  In 
that  engagement  the  One  Hundred  and 
Eleventh  occupied  the  front  line,  directly  in 
front  of  the  Rebel  Batteries,  where,  for  six 
hours,  it  was  exposed  to  the  shells  of  a  con- 
centrated fire.  Its  loss  was  but  eight,  as  the 
enemy  used  percussion  shells,  which  fell 
chiefly  in  rear  of  the  first  line.  The  command 
marched  into  Knoxville,  six  miles,  being  three 
nights  without  sleep,  food  or  rest,  and  taking 
part  in  three  separate  engagements.  It  took 
part  in  the  siege  of  Knoxville,  occupj-ing  the 
Fort  on  College  Hill,  losing  six  men  killed  and 
wounded.  After  Longstreet's  retreat,  it  was  in 
skirmishes  at  Blain's  Cross  Roads,  Danville 
and  Strawberi'y  Plains,  and  occupied  an  out- 
post six  miles  from  the  city,  when  General 
Schofleld  the  second  time  fell  back  on  Knoxville. 
January  21,  1804,  it  protected  the  crossing  of 
the  Second  Division  at  Strawbcrrj'  Plains, 
losing  one  man  killed.  February  'Jth,  General 
Schofleld  arrived  at  Knoxville  and  assumed 
command  of  the  Department.  On  the  24th  the' 
Second  Division  marched  to  vStrawberry  Plains; 
and  on  the  27th  crossed  the  Holston  River,  and 
marching  some  distance,  returned  as  far  back 
as  Mossy  Creek.  March  14th,  the  Regiment 
moved  to  Morristown,  Tennessee,  and  the  next 
day  was  on  the  picket  line  and  had  a  brisk 
skirmish  with  Rebel  Cavalry.  Moving  back  to 
Mossy  Creek,  it  remained  there  until  April  26th, 
when  it  started  for  Charleston,  on  the  Hiawas- 
see  River,  100  miles  distant,  arriving  there  on 
the  30tH,  and  at  Red  Clay,  Georgia,  May  0th. 
Here  the  Army  of  the  Ohio  became  part 
of  Sherman's  left  wing  to  participate  in 
the  Atlanta  campaign.  Marching  to  Tunnel 
Hill  May  7th,  the  next  day  it  skirmished 
into  a  jjosition  in  front  of  Buzzard's  Roost. 
May  9th  the  Regiment  was  assigned  the 
front  line  of  skirmishers  in  the  advance  on 
Rocky  Face  Mountain,  and  lost  nine  men 
killed  and  wounded  in  an  advance  of  three- 
fourths   of  a  mile.     May    12th  the   Regiment 


19(1 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


mai-chod  through  Snake  Creek  Cap,  arriving 
in  front  of  Resaca  on  the  evening  of  the  13th. 
The  next  day  its  Brigade  made  an  unsuccessfid 
charge  on  tlie  Rebel  works  in  whicli,  with  but 
seven  Companies  engaged,  it  lost  seven  killed 
and  :K)  wounded.  The  Regiment  took  part  as 
the  supporting  column  in  the  second  day's 
fight  at  Resaca.  After  an  unsuccessful  assault 
on  the  Union  lines  at  midnight,  the  enemy 
evacuated.  May  Kith  the  Regiment  partici- 
pated in  a  pursuit,  and  captured  six  prisoners 
in  a  skirmish  on  the  20th.  May  27th  it  made 
a  charge  at  double  quick,  on  a  Rebel  Brigade, 
breaking  its  lines  and  losing  15  men  killed  and 
wounded. 

The  Regiment  pai-ticipated  in  the  entire 
movement  against  Atlanta,  and  was  actively 
engaged  in  the  siege  of  Kenesaw,  the  battles  at 
Pine  Mountain,  Lost  Mountain,  Dallas,  on  the 
Chattahooehie  near  Nicojack  Creek,  Decatur, 
and  Peachtree  Creek,  and  in  the  siege  of 
Atlanta,  and  the  skirmishes  at  Rough-and- 
Ready,  Lovejoy's  Station  and  Utoy  Creek,  in 
which  service  it  lost  212  in  killed  and  woun- 
ded, out  of  380  men.  September  8th  it  went 
into  camp  at  Decatur,  Georgia,  remaining  there 
until  the  morning  of  October  4th,  when  the 
movement  against  Hood's  forces  commenced. 
During  its  stay  at  Decatur  the  Regiment  lost  a 
few  men  in  an  encounter  with  Rebel  Cavalry. 
It  marched  rapidly  to  Allatoona  Pass  and  to 
within  18  miles  of  Chattanooga,  when  the 
Corps  was  ordered  in  pursuit  of  Hood's  Army 
in  Alabama.  On  the  way  the  Regiment,  at 
Cedar  Bluffs,  on  the  Coosa  River,  in  a  skirmish 
with  Rebel  Cavalry,  lost  one  officer  and  three 
men  captured  on  picket.  Thence  it  marched  to 
Rome,  Georgia,  where  a  brisk  skirmish  took 
place;  and  continuing  its  march,  it  reached 
Resaca  November  1,  18G4.  Here  it  took  cars 
for  Johnsonville,  on  the  Tennessee,  85  miles  from 
Nashville,  to  protect  that  place  fi'om  a  Rebel 
raid;  remained  there  until  the  20th,  and  then 
by  rail  went  to  Columbia,  Tennessee,  to  aid  in 
checking  Hood's  advance.  At  that  place  it 
participated  in  skirmishes,  and  was  detailed  to 
remain  in  the  rear  to  guard  the  fords  of  Duck 
River,  while  Thomas's  Army  fell  back  on 
Franklin.  It  guarded  a  wagon  train  to  Frank- 
lin, and  was  twice  attacked,  each  time  repuls- 
ing the  ememy.  It  reached  Franklin  on  the 
morning  of  November  30th,  and  was  assigned 
to  the  front  line  of  works,  on  the  left  flank  of 


the  Second  Division,  Twenty-Third  Corps.  In 
the  fight  of  that  day,  out  of  180  men  engaged, 
it  lost  22  killed  on  tiie  field  and  40  wounded, 
manj-  being  killed  by  rebel  bayonets.  So 
close  was  the  contest,  that  the  Regiment's  flag 
was  snatched  from  the  bands  of  the  Color  Ser- 
geant, but  the  Rebel  who  took  it  was  killed 
on  the  spot.  The  troops  on  the  immediate  left 
falling  back  during  the  chartce,  the  One  Hun- 
dred and  Eleventh  suffered  from  an  hour's 
enfilading  fire  of  the  Rebels.  So  severely  had 
the  Regiment  suffered  in  the  loss  of  officers, 
that  it  was  found  necessary  to  detail  such  from 
other  Regiments  for  the  command  of  the  Com- 
panies. 

December  1,  1864,  the  Regiment  marched 
back  to  Nashville,  and  was  assigned  position 
in  the  line  of  defenses  on  the  left,  and  was 
severely  engaged  during  the  two  days'  fight- 
ing at  that  point.  On  the  second  day  in  a 
charge,  it  captured  three  Rebel  battle-flag.s  and 
a  large  number  of  prisoners,  with  a  loss  of 
seven  killed  and  15  wounded.  The  Regiment 
participated  in  the  pursuit  of  Hood,  when  it 
marched  to  Clifton,  Tennessee,  where,  Januarj' 
17,  18G5,  it  took  transports  to  make  the  cam- 
paign of  North  Carolina,  passing  Cincinnati 
the  23d, and  reaching  Washington  City  on  the 
31st.  By  Ocean  steamer  it  was  taken  from 
Alexandria  for  Fort  Fisher,  where  it  joined 
General  Terry's. force  and  took  part  in  the  cap- 
ture of  Fort  Anderson,  February  19,  18G5,  and 
in  the  skirmishes  of  Moseby  Hall  and  Golds- 
boro.  In  fact,  the  work  of  capturing  Fort 
Anderson,  so  far  as  land  forces  were  concerned, 
was  mainly  performed  by  the  Brigade,  Colonel 
O.  H.  Moore  commanding,  of  which  the  One 
Hundred  and  Eleventh  was  a  part.  After  the 
surrender  of  General  Johnston,  the  Regiment 
moved  to  Salisbury',  North  Carolina,  at  which 
j)lace  it  remained  on  garrison  duty  until  sent 
home,  reaching  Cleveland,  Ohio,  July  5,  1865, 
and  was  there  mustered  out  on  the  12th. 

The  One  Hundred  and  Eleventh  re-enlisted 
as  veterans  in  February,  1864,  while  in  East 
Tennessee,  but  owing  to  the  special  demand  for 
troops  the  veteran  furlough  could  not  be 
granted  the  men.  Again  (October,  1864),  after 
the  Atlanta  campaign,  more  than  two-thirds  of 
the  Regiment  re-enlisted  as  veterans,  when  in 
consideration  of  Hood's  campaign  in  the  rear, 
the  furlough  was  again  suspended. 

The  Regiment  entered  the  field  with  1,050 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— FIELD   WORK. 


197 


men  and  received  85  reeruite.  Of  these,  234 
were  discharged  for  disability,  disease  and 
wounds;  200  died  of  disease  contracted  in  the 
service;  252  were  killed  in  battle  or  died  of 
wounds;  and  401  were  mustered  out — makinsr 
an  aggregate  of  687  casualties  of  the  kinds 
named. 

Casualties  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Eleventh 
Eegiment  at  the  battle  of  Franklin,  as  reported 
at  the  time  : 

Company  A — Daniel  Plantz  and  J.  B.  Guttow, 
wounded;  J.  Jackson,  supposedkilled. 

Company  C — Capt.  P.  H.  Dowling,  Lieut.  Isaac  E. 
Kintigh,  Philip  Bush,  Sergt.  John  E.  Woodworth, 
Adam  Miller,  Geo.  W.  Ward  and  James  L.  Penny, 
wounded.      Oscar   B.    Daniels,   Almon   B.   Daniels, 


Andrew  Kannaur,  and  David  K.  Mounts,  supposed 
killed. 

Company  D — Julius  Greeley,  Eli  Bonder  and  Wm. 
Adams,  supposed  killed.  Sergt.  Alex.  Rowland, 
Corp.  G.  W.  Innman,  J.  B.  Snively,  F.  Lawler,  and 
T.  Strickland,  wounded. 

Company  E — Captain  T.  South  worth,  and  J.  W. 
Grubb,  wounded. 

Company  F — Sergt.  Samuel  Snyder,  Corporals 
Charles  A.  Locost  and  Daniel  Bear,  Emanuel  Bycrs, 
W.  H.  Lauder,  Lafayette  C.  Olds  and  Warren  Shaw, 
wounded.  Corp.  B.  Hemenway  and  John  Latvr,  killed. 

Company  J^Vetus  Ha^is,  killed ;  Henry  Linker  and 
Sergt.  A.  Daguer,  wounded.  Henry  Speck,  missing. 
Company  K — Lieut.C.  Baker,  Joseph  Gingery,  Sergt. 
Samuel  McCutcheon,  Henry  Bordue,  Wm.  H.  Carlin, 
Francis  M.  Davenport,  Thos.  Irwin  and  David  Gress- 
inger,  wounded.     Sergt.  Major  Geo.  H.  Curtis,  killed. 


STAFF  OF  ONE  HUNDRED   AND   ELEVENTH   REGIMENT. 


John  R.  Bond 

Isaac  R.  Sherwood.. 

B.  W.  Johnson 

Moses  R.  Brailey 

I.  R.  Sherwood 

Thomas  C.  Norris 

Moses  R.  Brailey 

I.  R.  Sherwood 

Thomas  C.  Norris  ._. 

Benj.  F.  Southworth 

Henry  J.  McCord 

Lvraan  A.  Brewer  ._. 

E".  G.  Clark 'A.sst:Sur^ 

C.  M.  Chalfant 

D.  H.  Silver 

John  W.  Mock 

Ambrose  Hollington  . 
T.  H.  Hines 


Rank. 


Colonel. 


Lt.  Col. 


Major. 


Surgeon. 


Chaplain. 


Date  of  Hank. 


Aug.28, 
Sept.  8, 
Aug.l7, 


1862 
18(54 
18(52 


Remarks. 


Jan.    1, 

Sept.  8, 
Aug.28, 
Feb.  1, 
Jan.  1, 
Sept.  8, 
May  31, 
Aug.l9, 
Aug.27, 
Aug.27, 


1864 
18(54 
18()2 
18(53 
18(54 
18(54 
18(55 

1861: 

1861 
186; 


July  1.3, 
Sept.16, 
May  31, 


1864. 
1862 
1865 


Honorably  discharged  (!)ctober  18,  1864. 

Transferred  to  183d  0.  V.  I. 

Resigned  February  1,  1863. 

Honorably  discharged  December  29,  1863. 

Promoted  to  Colonel. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment  as  Major. 

Promoted  to  Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Promoted  to  Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Promoted  to  Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Mustered  out  as  Captain,  May  15,  18(55. 

;  Mustered  out  with  Regiment  as  Captain. 

Detached  as  Brigade  Surgeon. 

Declined. 

Discharged  June  30,  1864. 

Died  June  27,  1864. 

Mustei-ed  out  with  Regiment. 

Honorably  discharged  September  24,  1864. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 


ROSTER  OF  COMPANY  H. 


s 

Dale  of 

Names. 

Rank. 

30 

Entering  tlie 
Service. 

Remarks. 

John  W.  Smith...      .     . 

Captain. 

Aug.l2,  18(52 

Mustered  out  with  comnanv. 

Patrick  H.  Dowling 

1st  Lieut. 

26 

Aug.l2,  18(52' Promoted  to  Captain. 

Jeremiah  Bowlin 

" 

30 

Aug.  1,  lS(i3  Promoted  to  Captain. 

Oristen  HoUowav 

2d  Lieut. 

46 

Aug.14,  ]S()2  Resigned. 

Henrv  T.  Bissell 

" 

28 

Dec.  14,  1862  Appointed  Adjutant;  died  Louisville,  Ky.,  Sept.  10,  '63. 

James  R.  Thompson 

(( 

44 

Mav  15,  18(53  Transferred. 

Patrick  F.  Dalton 

23 

Apr.   8,  1865iMu8tered  out  with  company. 

Samuel  W.  Bare 

1st  Sergt. 

25 

Aug.l4,  1862!Mustered  out  with  company. 

Alfred  Kelley 

tSergeant. 

32 

Aug.l2,  ]8(i2!Mustered  out  with  company. 

Smith  L.  Latshaw 

(( 

19 

Aug.ll,  1862lMustered  out  with  company. 

Wm.  C.  Fletcher 

'* 

44 

Aug.15,  1802] Mustered  out  with  company. 

Revillo  H.  Stevens 

(( 

29 

Aug.14,  1862  Mustered  out  with  company. 

Roselle  Cowdry 

Corporal. 

22 

Aug.i::,  1862;  Detached. 

Elias  Pelton 

a 

18 
22 

Aug.l8,  18(i2;Mustered  out  with  company. 
Aug.  1(5,  1862  Mustered  out  with  company. 

Harrison  Wynn 

James  W.  Cooke 

a 

24 

Aug.14,  1862  Mustered  out  with  company. 

James  Russell 

u 

19 

Aug.ll,  1862  Mustered  out  with  company. 

Charles  H.  Wilson 

>( 

21 

Aug.l2,  1862|Mustered  out  with  company. 

108 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Names. 


SaTiiuel  L.  Kimball 

Gfoi-fjo  Dolby 

Joronio  B.  Stevens 

Jumes  Lucas 

Abraiiis,  Charles 

Bailey,  !?.  W 

Cutcher,  Peter 

("oimelly,  Patrick 

Clohesy,  Michael 

C'ullen,  James 

Davis,  Wilson 

Ernst,  Henry 

English,  Thomas 

Eckert,  John 

Furney,  Peter 

Green,  Ulysses 

Groce,  Richard 

Hegeman,  Walker 

Hall,  Thomas  J 

Humbarger,  Samuel 

Harwood,  Jonas  L 

Hallet,  James 

Hartman,  Ed-n'ard  H 

Jacobs,  Michael 

King,  Daniel 

Lang,  Edward 

La  Bounty,  Faries 

Lang,  William 

Mclntyre,  Arthur 

Morin,  Henry 

Moss,  John 

Potter,  Thomas 

Robinson,  Ezra 

Ross,  John 

Rump,  Charles 

Sage,  (jrson 

Sheppard,  James 

Thompson,  James 

Textor,  William 

Tebeau,  Adolph 

M'oods,  Simon 

AVittich,  Charles 

Ware,  George 

Yates,  Leonard 

Shipley,  Thos.  E 

Brown,  Amos 

CoTOstock,  Charles  E 

Castillo,  George 

Cromwell,  Joseph 

Cochran,  Henry  L 

Farris,  AA'illiam 

Hayes,  Patrick 

Kerr,  John  W 

Marker,  Lewis  L 

Manor,  Eli 

Newman,  Edward 

Palmer,  John  H 

Squires,  Edward  A 

Skinner,  Almon.__, 

Thompson,  Chas.  H 

Van  Norman,  J.  H 

Bragdon,  L.  H 

Brennard,  Louis 

Curtis,  Geo.  H 

Chandler,  Geo.  F 

Enright,  Michael  J 

Hill,  Thomas 

Justice,  Jeremiah 

Solo,  Isaiah 

McCabe,  Robert 

King,  Alvestin 

Redding.  H.  E 


si. 

Itank. 

■^ 

Corporal. 

18 

" 

20 

Musician. 

27 

Wagoner. 

44 

Private. 

45 

" 

18 

«' 

24 

" 

27 

(( 

45 

>( 

37 

(( 

20 

ii 

19 

" 

21 

" 

44 

(1 

18 

" 

40 

n 

37 

(( 

4.5 

(( 

2,5 

(( 

18 

" 

33 

" 

18 

(, 

23 

it 

21 

ti 

18 

il 

20 

(1 

24 

(( 

18 

il 

33 

" 

19 

(. 

19 

(( 

18 

11 

18 

(( 

19 

" 

21 

(( 

19 

il 

25 

11 

36    , 

11 

18 

11 

19 

11 

2« 

11 

19 

(( 

21 

(( 

22 

Musician. 

20 

Private. 

40 

11 

18 

11 

28 

" 

20 

11 

18 

(( 

36 

" 

28 

(( 

■?.?. 

11 

21 

" 

18 

(( 

26 

(1 

35 

" 

18 

u 

26 

11 

20 

" 

22 

Sergeant. 

33 

Private. 

18 

" 

IS 

(1 

22 

" 

19 

(( 

27 

" 

40 

It 

27 

Sergeant. 

21 

" 

32 

Corporal. 

23 

Dale  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 


Hemarks. 


Aug.15, 
Aug.  12, 
Aug.l3, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.16, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.l4, 
Aug.15, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.23, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.  12, 
Aug.  14, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.  15, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.15, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.l2, 
Aug.l4, 
Aug.ll, 
Aug.  18, 
Aug.15, 
Sept.  5, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.  14, 
Aug.15, 
Aug.  14, 
Aug.  12, 
Aug.l4, 
Aug.15, 
Aug.lS, 
Aug.13, 
July  29, 
Aug.  6, 
Aug.l2, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.  12, 
Aug.lS, 
Aug.lS, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.l4, 
Aug.  1.5, 
Aug.15, 
Aug.l9, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.lS, 
Aug.n, 
-lug.ll, 
Aug.l2, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.lS, 
Aug.  8, 
Aug.  9, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.lo. 
Aug.22; 
Aug.20, 
Aug.lS, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.lS, 
Aug.lS, 
Aug.l4, 
Aug.22, 
Aug.  14, 
Aug.lS, 


1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1S62 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
]8(i2 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 


Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Twenty-Third  Corps  train. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Clustered  out  with  company. 

Clustered  out  with  company. 

Clustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

In  general  hospital;  mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

AVith  supply  train;  mustered  out  with  company. 

On  furlough:  mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Captured  November,  1864;  not  heard  from. 

^Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Miistered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Wounded  at  Huff's  Ferry,  Tenn.;  discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Discharged. 

Wounded  at  Atlanta,  July,  1864;  discharged. 

Wounded  at  Atlanta,  July,  18()4;  discharged. 

AVounded  at  Atlanta,  July,  1864;  discharged. 

Wounded  at  Atlanta,  July,  1.864;  discharged. 

AVounded  at  Atlanta,  July,  1864;  discharged. 

AVounded  at  Atlanta,  July,  1864;  discharged. 

AVounded  at  Atlanta,  July,  1864;  discharged. 

Transferred. 

Transferred. 

Killed  at  Franklin,  November,  1864. 

Transferred. 

Transferred. 

Transferred. 

Transferred. 

Transferred. 

Died. 

Died;  first  death  in  companv. 

Died. 


THE  WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION— FIELD  WORK. 


199 


Date  uf 

Names. 

-Rant, 

V 

Entering  the 
ServUe. 

Bemarks. 

BoUinsin,  Christian 

Private. 

37 

Aug.  1.5,  1862 

Died. 

Cooper,  Horace  A 

(( 

'lb 

Aug.1.5,  1862 

Killed  at  Stone  River, 

Nov.  '62. 

Cripliver,  James 

it 

18 

Aug.  15   1.S62 

Died. 

Chappel,  Stanton   

i( 

27 

Aug.1.5,  1862 

Died. 

Dufiy,  John 

" 

4.5 

Aug.  15,  1862 

Died. 

Green,  Zina 

(( 

28 

Aug.1.5,  1862 

Died. 

Fitzgeralil,  Patrick 

it 

,S0 

Aug.22,  1862 

Died. 

Searles,  Francis  R 

'• 

18 

Aug.U,  1862 

Died. 

■Skinner,  Isaac 

u 

28 

Aug.  8,  1862 

Died. 

Young,  Adam 

u 

44 

Aug.l:-!,  1862 

Died. 

Welch,  .fames 

(f 

29 

Aug.lo,  1862 

Died. 

Bailey,  Samuel  W 

" 

18 

Aug.22,  1862 

Comhs,  Joseph   

" 

2.5 

Aug.22,  1862 

Fendon.   Joseph         

ii 

18 

Aug.  13,  1862 

Smith,  Jonathan 

(( 

23 

Aue.15,  1862 

ISAAC  R.  SHERWOOD  was  born  in  Stan- 
ford, Dutchess  County,  New  York,  August  1.3, 
18.35.  His  ancestors  were  among  the  very 
earlie.st  of  the  early  settlers  of  New  England  , 
Thomas  Sherwood,  with  his  wife  Alice  and  four 
children,  having  set  sail  from  Ipswich,  Eng- 
land, in  16o4,  but  14  years  after  the  landing  at 
Plj-mouth  Rock.  They  belonged  to  that  branch 
of  the  English  family  which  entered  England 
with  William  the  Clonqueror,  from  Normand3-, 
1066.  Records  of  Thomas  Sherwood  are  first 
found  at  Westerville,  later  at  Fairfield,  Con- 
necticut, where  he  died,  in  1655,  as  shown  by 
his  will,  jDrobated  that  year.  In  their  several 
lines,  his  descendants  were  prominent,  as  shown 
by  the  records  of  the  "Standing  Order,"  and 
the  official  lists  of  the  Colonial  Training  Bands. 
They  were  a  stalwart  race,  of  powerful  phy- 
sique, and  great  powers  of  endurance  and  lon- 
gevit}-;  of  firm,  inflexible  will  and  staid  and 
sober  habits.  Isaac  R.  is  a  descendant,  in  the 
seventh  generation,  of  Thomas  Sherwood,  as 
follows:  Captain  Matthew  Sherwood,  born  1043 
(Marj-  Fitch);  Captain  Samuel  Sherwood,  born 
1680  (Eebecca  Burr);  Captain  John  Sherwood, 
born  1705  (Mary  Walker);  Captain  Samuel 
Sherwood,  born  1730  (Ruth  Sherwood);  Isaac 
Sherwood,  a  private  in  the  Revolution  (Drusilla 
Morehouse);  and  Aaron  Sherwood  (Maria  Y'"ou- 
mans).  In  the  maternal  line  he  is  descended 
from  early  Colonial  families,  except,  that  his 
mother  (daughter  of  Peter  Y'oumans  and  Anna 
Camjjbell)  was  of  a  Scotch  family,  which  came 
to  America  near  the  close  of  the  last  century. 
Captain  John  Sherwood  was  a  leader  in  the 
"Separatist"  movement  that  followed  the 
preaching  of  Eev.  George  Whitefield,  and  be- 


came the  first  Pastor  of  the  old  Stratfield 
Church,  first  gathered  at  his  dwelling-house, 
October,  1751.  While  preaching  he  continued 
in  command  of  the  Training  Band,  and  made 
himself  fiiinous,  on  a  Training  Day,  for  defeat- 
ing a  greased  and  nalced  Indian,  in  a  wrestling 
match,  for  which  duty  he  had  been  formally 
chosen  by  his  fellow-townsmen.  Isaac  Sher- 
wood, grandfather  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch, 
took  up  land  in  Dutchess  County,  New  York, 
under  the  New  Hampshire  grants,  prior  to  the 
Hevolution,  and  defended  his  rights  with  the 
"  Green  Mountain  Bo3-s  "  under  Ethan  Allen. 
He  served  thi-ough  the  Eevolutioii  with  the 
Cavalry,  and  was  of  the  body-guard  of  General 
Gates  at  the  battle  of  Stillwater,  1777.  He  was 
a  local  magistrate  and  a  member  of  the  New 
York  Legislature.  Aai-on  Sherwood,  the  father 
of  Isaac  R.,  was  enrolled  with  the  troops  of 
War  of  1812-15,  and  marched  to  the  Hudson 
Eiver,  but  being  unable  for  service,  his  brother 
took  his  place  in  the  ranks.  He  was  an  inven- 
tor and  7iiade  many  improvements  in  mill  and 
farm  machinery.  The  father  dying  when  Isaac 
E.  was  nine  years  old,  his  uncle,  Daniel  Sher- 
wood, became  his  guardian.  He  was  a  man  of 
sterling  character,  a  leading  Democrat,  and  a 
member  of  the  New  York  Legislature  when 
Silas  Wright  was  Governor.  He  exerted  a 
marked  influence  upon  his  nephew,  and  dis- 
suaded him  from  entering  West  Point  Military 
Academy.  In  1852,  Isaac  E.  entered  the 
Hudson  Eiver  Institute,  Claverack,  New  York, 
and  in  1854  went  to  Antioch  College,  Ohio, 
which  had  a  National  repute  under  Horace 
Mann.  After  two  years  at  Antioch,  having 
read  law  with   Judge   Hogeboom,  at  Hudson, 


199a 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


New  York,  he  entered  the  Ohio  Law  College,  at  Po- 
land, Ohio  (later  removed  to  Cleveland).  Through- 
out his  College  days,  he  was  a  frequent  contributor 
to  the  press.  In  18.57,  he  located  at  Bryan,  Ohio,  and 
Iiublished  the  Williams  County  Gazelle,  an  intensely 
radical  newspaper,  which  he  put  in  full  mourning 
when  John  Brown  was  hung  at  Harper's  Ferry. 
April  16,  181)1,  the  day  following  President  Lincoln's 
call  for  Volunteers,  he  left  the  office  of  Probate  Judge 
and  his  newspaper  business  in  the  bands  of  others  to 
enlist  as  a  private  in  the  Fourteenth  Ohio  Volunteer 
Infantry,  Colonel  James  B.  Steedman  commanding. 
He  was  with  the  advance  guard  over  the  West  Vir- 
ginia mountains  and  was  in  the  first  battles  of  the 
war,  at  Laurel  Mountain,  Cheat  River  and  Carrick's 
Ford.  He  was  critically  ill  the  summer  after  his  re- 
turn, having  served  four  months.  He  resigned  the 
office  of  Probate  Judge  to  .serve  in  the  One  Hundred 
and  Eleventh  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry,  and  was  mus- 
tered in  at  Toledo  with  his  Regiment,  and  made 
Adjutant  September  8,  1862.  Upon  recommendation 
of  all  the  officers  of  his  Regiment  he  was  promoted  to 
Major,  February  14,  1863.  He  commanded  the  Regi- 
ment throughout  its  entire  field  service,  beginning 
with  the  John  Morgan  campaign  in  Kentucky,  1863, 
to  the  muster-out,  embracing  31  engagements.  In 
the  East  Tennessee  campaign  (Winter  of  186.3-64),  he 
shared  all  the  hardships  with  his  men.  Without 
tents,  short  of  clothing  and  rations,  and  exposed  to 
pitiless  storms  of  sleet  and  snow,  they  gave  a  new 
emphasis  to  their  patriotism  by  oflering  their  services 
far  another  three  years  in  the  Veteran  Enlistment, 
then  progressing.  During  the  17  days'  siege  of  Knox- 
ville  and  in  the  battles  jireceding  and  following,  the 
One  Hundred  and  Eleventh,  under  his  command,  bore 
a  gallant  part.  They  covered  the  retreat  of  Burnside's 
Army  from  the  Holstein  River  to  .Strawberry  Plains, 
and  were  three  days  and  nights  without  sleep  or  ra- 
tions, harassed  by  Longstreet's  Cavalry,  as  they  fell 
back  on  Knoxville,  fighting  their  way,  step  by  step. 
At  Campbell's  Station,  where  the  One  Hundred  and 
Eleventh,  lying  prostrate,  supported  Henshaw's  Bat- 
tery, in  that  furious  storm  of  shot  and  shell,  Major 
Sherwood  lost  the  hearing  of  his  right  ear  from  the 
concussion  of  a  shell.  For  gallant  conduct  in  this 
campaign  he  was  complimented  in  the  official  reports 
of  Colonel  Chapin,  Second  Brigade,  and  General 
"White,  Second  Di\'ision,  Twenty-Third  Corps,  and 
personally  by  General  Burnside,  at  Campbell's  Sta- 
tion, in  the  presence  of  the  assembled  forces.  At 
Knoxville  he  was  ordered  by  General  Burnside  to 
hold  the  One  Hundred  and  Eleventh  in  readiness  to 
strengthen  any  portion  of  the  line  attacked,  and  for 
seven  days  and  nights  they  lay  on  their  arms  in  the 
Streets,  their  rations  reduced  to  bran  bread,  and  little 
of  that.  In  Longstreet's  charge  on  Fort  Saunders 
they  went  to  the  relief  on  the  double-quick.  Major 
Sherwood  was  promoted  to  Lieutenant-Colonel  Feb- 
ruary 2,  1864,  and  to  Colonel,  September  8,  1864.  In 
the  Atlanta  campaign  (1864),  in  which  the  Regiment 
was  90  days  under  fire.  Colonel  Sherwood  was  never 
absent  from  his  Regiment,  which  bore  a  conspicuous 


part  in  those  fierce  battles.  At  Lost  Mountain  he 
commanded  a  Division  of  Skirmishers.  He  jiarticu- 
larly  distinguished  himself  by  riding  at  the  head  of 
the  Regiment  in  the  charge  down  the  steep  slopes  at 
Resaca,  where  the  Second  Brigade  lost  679  men  out 
of  the  1,300  who  went  into  the  first  action.  The  prin- 
cipal engagements  of  this  campaign  were  those  of 
Rocky  Face,  Resaca  (two  days).  New  Hope  Church, 
Dallas,  Peach  Tree  Creek,  Lost  Mountain,  Pine  Moun- 
tain, Kenesaw,  Nickajaek  Creek,  Chattahoochie,  De- 
catur, Burnt  Hickory,  Atlanta  (July  22  and  27),  Utoy 
Creek,  and  Lovejoy  Station.  In  the  Hood  campaign, 
1864,  fought  by  General  George  H.  Thomas,  after 
General  Sherman  had  set  out  on  his  March  to  the 
Sea,  Colonel  Sherwood,  while  in  command  of  the  One 
Hundred  and  Eleventh  Ohio  and  Twenty-Foui-th 
Missouri,  covered  the  retreat  of  Thomas'  Army  from 
the  battlefield  of  Columbia  (where  his  command  par- 
ticipated) to  Franklin,  Tennessee.  In  the  battle  of 
Franklin.  November  .30th,  his  position  was  on  the 
right  of  the  i)ike,  near  the  Carter  house,  on  the  left 
flank.  His  men  fired  200  loundsof  ammunition,  and 
many  of  their  guns  were  made  totally  worthless  from 
long-continued  firing.  The  lines  on  the  left  of  the 
Regiment  broke  and  their  trenches  were  occupied  by 
Hood's  advance,  but  the  command  soon  recovered, 
and  when  their  ammunition  was  gone,  tney  fought 
with  muskets  clubbed  and  bayonets.  Their  colors,  rid- 
dled to  shreds,  in  many  battles,  were  captured  and  re- 
captured,and  are  now  in  the  State  Capitol  at  Columbus. 
General  Orders  No.  7,  of  the  Regular  Army  officer  in 
command  of  the  Second  Brigade.  Colonel  O.  H.  Moore, 
issued  at  Nashville,  Tennessee,  December  2,  1864, 
contained  the  following:  "The  heroic  spirit  which 
inspired  the  command  was  forcibly  illustrated  b}'  the 
One  Hundred  and  Eleventh  Ohio  Infantry  on  the  left 
flank  of  the  Brigade.  When  the  enemy  carried  the 
works  on  their  left,  they  stood  firm  and  crossed  bay- 
onets with  them,  holding  their  ground."  During  the 
closing  hours  of  the  engagement  Colonel  Sherwood 
was  in  command  of  the  Brigade.  In  recognition  of 
his  services  the  Ohio  civilians  in  Tennessee  presented 
him  with  an  elegant  sword,  in  a  silver  scabbard,  aj)- 
propriately  inscribed.  The  officers  of  his  Brigade 
and  Di\nsion  forwarded  a  recommendation  to  the 
Secretary  of  War,  asking  his  promotion,  in  pursuance 
of  which  President  Lincoln  made  him  a  Brevet  Brig- 
adier-General, for  long  and  faithful  service,  and  con- 
spicuous gallantry  at  the  battle  of  Franklin.  Colonel 
Sherwood  commanded  the  Regiment  in  the  two  days' 
fighting  at  Nashville,  and  followed  Hood's  retreating 
army  to  the  Tennessee  River,  near  luka,  Mississippi. 
From  there  they  were  transferred  to  Washington,  and 
by  Sea  to  North  Carolina,  participating  at  Fort  An- 
derson, Town  Creek,  Goldsboro,  and  in  the  final  sur- 
render, near  Raleigh.  In  July.  1865,  General  "Sher- 
wood was  ordered  by  Secretary  Stanton  to  report  to 
Major-Geueral  Saxton,  for  duty  in  Florida,  with  the 
rank  and  pay  of  Brigadier-General,  but  he  preferred 
to  retire  to  private  life,  and  was  mustered  out  with 
his  Regiment  at  Cleveland,  July  15,  1865.  In  a  fare- 
well address,  a  copy  of  which  was  presented  to  each 


THE  WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION— FIELD  WORK. 


200 


Veteran  of  the  command,  he  extolled  their  virtues  in 
War,  and  urged  them  to  be  equally  true  to  the  issues 
of  peace.  Taking  up  his  residence  in  Toledo,  he  was 
for  some  time  a  conductor  of  the  Toledo  Commercial ; 
and  disposing  of  his  interest  in  that  paper,  he  was  for 
a  time  on  the  editorial  staff  of  the  Cleveland  Leader. 
In  the  Fall  of  1S6G  he  resumed  the  i)ublication  of  the 
Bryan  Pre»s,  and  in  1S08  was  elected  Secretary  of 
State,  and  was  re-elected  in  1870,  serving  for  four 
years.  He  organized  the  Bureau  of  Statistics  and  is- 
sued four  annual  reports,  widely  commented  upon 
for  their  accurate  exhibits.  In  1872  he  was  elected 
to  Congress  from  the  Sixth  Congressional  District, 
and  served  on  the  Committee  on  Eailroads  and 
Canals.  From  1875  to  1886.  he  published  the  Toledo 
Journal.  In  1S79  he  was  elected  Probate  Judge  of 
Lucas  County,  and  was  re-elected  in  1882.  serving  .six 
years.  He  is  a  member  of  the  fraternity  of  Masons 
and  Odd  Fellows,  and  of  For.syth  Post,  No.  15,  De- 
partment of  Ohio  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  He 
was  one  of  the  first  members  of  the   Society  of  the 


Army  of  the  Ohio  and  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumber- 
land, and  contributed  a  War  poem  to  the  first  Re- 
union of  the  former  at  Cincinnati,  1866.  General 
Sherwood  was  married  September  1,  ISoi),  with  Miss 
Katharine  Margaret  Brownlee,  daughter  of  Judge 
James  Brownlee,  of  Poland,  Mahoning  County,  Ohio, 
who  early  became  associated  with  him  in  journalistic 
work.  She  contributed  to  leading  periodicals,  and 
has  published  a  volume  of  patriotic  selections,  enti- 
tled "Camp  Fire  and  Memorial  Poems."  Her  verses 
appear  in  several  standard  volumes,  including  the 
"  Union  of  American  Poetry  and  Art,"  and  'Through 
the  Year  with  the  Poets."  In  1883  she  served  as 
National  President  of  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps, 
Auxiliary  to  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  and 
for  some  years  has  edited  the  Woman's  Department 
of  the  National  Tribune,  Washington.  D.  C.  General 
Sherwood  has  two  children — James  Brownlee  and 
Lenore  Kate  Sherwood.  James  H.  Slierwood,  of  the 
Northwestern  RepxMican.'W nuseon,  Ohio,  is  a  brother. 
Their  mother  still  lives,  aged  86. 


ONE    HUNDRED    AND    TWENTY-EIGHTH    REGIMENT 

INFANTRY. 

This  Regimeut  was  organized  as  three  years' 
troops,  as  other  like  comiiiauds  iu  the  United 
States  service.  It  was  constituted  December 
25,  1863,  of  four  Companies  before  knovpn  as 
"The  Hoflfmau  Battalion,"  raised  in  1862,  to 
which  were  added  six  new  Companies,  mus- 
tered in  at  Camp  Taylor,  Cleveland,  January 
8  and  15,  1864.  The  Battalion  had  been  mainh- 
on  guard  dtity  at  Johnson's  Island  since  its 
muster-in.  In  the  Fall  of  1863,  as  the  result  of 
repeated  alarms  touching  apprehended  attempts 
for  the  release  of  the  Rebel  prisoners  at  that 
point,  the  force  on  guard  was  materially 
strengthened,  in  Artillery  and  Cavahy  as  well 
as  Infantry.  January  13,  1864,  the  First 
Brigade, Third  Division,  Sixth  Corjjs,  including 
five  Regiments,  arrived  at  Sanduskj',  of  which 
four  Regiments,  with  General  Shaler,  were 
stationed  on  the  Island,  the  other  Regiment, 
with  General  H.  D.  Terrj',  commanding  the 
whole,  stopping  at  Sandusky.  April  14,  1864, 
General  Shaler,  with  three  Regiments,  left  to 
rejoin  the  Sixth  Corps  in  the  field ;  other 
portions  of  the  force  leaving  for  Camj)  Dennison. 
Soon  after,  the  six  new  Companies  of  the  One 
Hundred  and  Twentj-Eighth  were  removed  to 
the  Island,  the  Regiment  then  being  for  the 
first  time  united  as  one  command,  under  Colonel 
Charles  W.  Hill,  who,  in  May,  1864,  succeeded 
General  Terry  in  command  of  the  Island. 
Troops  of  various  commands  were  frequently 
arriving  and  departing. 


OHIO    VOLUNTEER 


The  One  Hundred  and  Twenty  Eighth  from 
the  first  was  kept  under  strict  drill  and  disci- 
pline. The  condition  of  the  Island,  and  its 
docks,  roads  and  barracks,  demanded  heavy 
work  for  the  provision  of  means  for  defense, 
for  proper  quarters,  sanitary  needs,  etc.,  which 
gave  abundant  employment  for  the  troops  sta- 
tioned there.  The  strength  of  the  Regiment 
was  seriously  reduced  from  May  until  late  in 
the  Fall  by  detachments  sent  off  and  kept 
awaj-  for  long  periods  on  special  duty,  thus 
devolving  guard  duty  on  comparatively  a  small 
force. 

As  the  result  of  constant  alarms  in  regard  to 
raids  for  the  release  of  the  prisoners  and  of  the 
uprising  of  these,  the  construction  of  three 
Forts  was  undertaken  by  the  Government  in 
the  Fall  of  1864.  One  of  these  was  on  Cedar 
Point,  mouth  Sandusky  Bay,  o])posite  the 
Island;  and  two  on  the  Island.  It  was  ex- 
pected this  work  would  be  performed  bj^  hired 
laborers,  but  these  were  scarce  and  Colonel 
Hill  found  it  necessary  to  employ  his  men  for 
the  work,  the  larger  portion  of  which  was 
done  by  them,  at  most  inclement  seasons, 
without  extra  pay,  and  at  a  time  when  other 
details  made  heavy  drafts  upon  them.  The 
result  was  the  accomplishment  of  service  highly 
creditable  to  the  command. 

The  often  scattered  condition  of  the  One 
Hundred  and  Twenty-Eighth  Regiment  was  a 
serious   obstacle    to    due  discipline  and    drill ; 


200a 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


yet  these  were  maintained  in  liigh  degree 
throughout.  Many  of  its  officers  and  men  had 
served  in  the  War,  some  having  been  discharged 
for  disability  ;  yet  for  the  particular  service  of 
the  Island,  they  were  well  qualified. 

It  was  expected  that  upon  the  completion  of 
the  defenses  at  Sandusky  Bay,  the  Eegiment 
would  be  relieved  by  other  troops,  and  permitted 
to  go  to  the  field,  which  was  earnestly  desired 
by  both  oflicers  and  men  ;  but  the  collapse  of 
the  Rebellion  prevented  this.  The  honors  of 
the  command,  however,  were  none  the  less, 
that  it  was  not  allowed  the  privilege  so  much 
desired,  while  faithfully  meeting  the  important 
duties  devolved  upon  it.  In  the  Spring  of 
1865,  the  number  of  prisoners  was  reduced  to 
150,  and  on  the  10th  July,  the  Eegiment  left 
the  Island  for  Camp  Chase,  where  it  was  mus 
tered  oiit  on  the  17th. 

PARTIAL   ROSTER   THREE-YEARS'    SERVICE. 

Tbis  list  is  intended  to  include  only  the  Regiuiental  and 
such  of  tlie  Company  oiiicers  and  enlisted  men  as  were  from 
Lucas  County.  Ihe  list,  evidently,  is  not  complete,  but  is  the 
best  that  can  be  prepared  from"  the  rolls  in  the  Adjutant- 
General's  Office,  Columbus. 


Name. 


Charles  W.Hill 

Wui.  S.  Pierson 

Edward  H.  Scovill 

Thomas  H.   Linnell 

Edward  A.  Scovill 

Thomas  H.  Linnell 

Junius  R.  Sanford 

Timothy  Woodbridge  _. 

Wm.  Tripp 

Porter  Yates 

John  J.  Manor 

Orlin  S.  Hayes 

Charles  C.   Starr 

Orlin  S.  Haves 

Charles  C.  Starr 

Geo.  W.  Hollenbeck 

Charles  N.  Stevens. 

Geo.  W.  Hollenbeck. __ 
Charles  X.  Stevens 


Rank.        Age.     Dale  of  Bank. 


Colonel. 
Lt.-Col. 


Major. 

a 

Surgeon. 

Asst.Surg. 

Captain. 

(( 

1st  Lieut. 

t( 

a 

2d  Lieut. 


Dec. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Mar. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Mar. 

Sept. 

Jan. 

Jan. 

Nov. 

June 

June 

Dec. 

Dec. 

Sept. 

Mar. 

Jan. 

Nov. 


2.5,1863 
2o,lS63 

6,1863 
25,1865 
25,1863 
29,1864 
25,1865 
16,1862 

4,1864 

5,1864 
25,1863 
26,1865 
27,1865 
22,1863 
22,1  S()3 

8,1864 
29,1865 

5,1863 
23,1863 


COMPANY  A. 


Nanif. 


Baker,  John 

Chamberlain,  O.  N 

Clinton.  William 

Coder,  John 

Edwards,  Hezekiah 

Richardson,  Benj.  F._. 
Williams.  Geo.  W  _  _ 

Boyd,  J.Wesley 

Burnam,  Joel..' 

Clark,  George 

Cavil,  Henry 

Culver.   Thomas 

Crossett,  L.  Miles 

Collier,  Isaac 


Mank. 

Age. 
19 

Private. 

" 

35 

" 

24 

'* 

38 

(( 

32 

'' 

23 

Corporal. 

29 

Private. 

18 

(( 

21 

t( 

23 

" 

29 

a 

18 

" 

39 

(1 

29 

Date  0/  Hank. 


Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 


26,1864 
29,1865 
30,1864 
24,1864 
24,1864 
29,1864 
22,1864 
23,1864 
22,1864 
23,1864 
16,1864 
23,1864 
23,  LSI  14 
23  1864 


^^ame. 


Dill,  Lafayette 

Davis,  Charles  W._ 

Davi.'i,  William 

Disher,  Jacob 

Davis,  Thomas 

Eddv,  James 

Forsyth,  Alex.  C._ 
Gowman,  George  0 

Howes,  Samuel 

Haskill.  Chauncy.. 

Hogle,  Frank 

Heater,  William 

Motley,  Smith 

Morris,  James 

Norcross,  William. 
Wailer,  Benjamin- 
Pike,  Samuel  C 

Reno,  Moses 

Reno,  Adam 

Reno,  John 

Rufsnyder,  F.  B 

Stimson,  Walter  C. 
Smith,  George  A 


Private. 


19 
37 
20 
21 
18 
23 
18 
36 
35 
29 
18 
'^2 
34 
19 
27 
39 
33 
31 
23 
38 
35 
32 


Date  0/  Rank. 


Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 

rVug. 

Aug. 
A  ug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 


22,1864 
22,1,864 
22,1864 
20,1864 
23,1864 
23,1804 
22,1864 
15.1864 
23.1864 
23,1864 
22,1864 
22,1864 
23,1864 
22.1864 
22,1864 
23,1863 
22,1863 
23,1863 
23,1863 
23.1863 
22,1863 
15,1863 
16,1863 


COMPANY  B. 


Name. 

Bank. 

Age. 

Date  of  Sank. 

Allen,  S.  F 

Private. 

34 

Aug.  25,1863 

Buzzell,  Nathaniel 

36 

Aug.  29,1863 

Lacv,  Geo.  W        .  _  . 

IS 

Aug.  24,1863 

Richeson,  Daniel  H 

34 

Aug.  24,1863 

Scott,  Charles.        ..     . 

36 

Aug.  24,1863 
Aug.  29,1863 

Whiteman,   Reason 

22 

Wright,  John  W 

26 

Aug.  29,1863 

Brimacoinb,  John 

25 

Aug.  22,1863 

Dech,  Daniel.  . 

18 
31 

Aug.  23,1863 

Ireland,   Hezekiah   

Aug.  22,1863 

Lester,  Alonzo 

35 

Aug.  22,1863 

Mvres,  Emerv.     . 

33 

38 

Aug.  23,1863 

Wilnor,  Leroy..       .     . 

Aug.  20,1863 

Mercerson,  Chas.  W  _. 

18 

Aug.  22,1863 

Miller,  Francis 

29 

Aug.  23,1863 

Alurdock,  John. 

''2 

Aug.  23,1863 

Piukerton,  Horace 

If) 

Aug.  22,1863 

Roberts,  (  hauncy  H  ._ 

" 

29 

Aug.  22,1863 

Robinson,  George    

27 

Aug.  22,1863 

Robinson,  Daniel     _     . 

43 

Aug.  23,1863 

Reed,   Charles 

18 

Aug.  23,1863 

Shepler,  Pius  L 

29 

Aug.  23,1863 

Sloan,  Horatio  C 

28 

Aug.  15,1863 

Whiton,  Josiah  B 

38 

Aug.  19,1864 

Wall,  J.  V 

22 

Aug.  14,1864 

COMPANY  C. 


Name. 


Alex.   M.  Samuel 

Ballever,  Aaron 

Mahlon,   Paul  R  

Alexander,  Chas.  H 

Hinsdale,  E.  R 

Miller,  Conrad 

Maloy,  Wm.  A 

Peters,  Wm 

Williams,  George  W... 

Hamilton,  P.  H 

Norcross,  Jos.  0.  (died). 


Jia7ik. 

Age. 

Sergeant. 

19 

Private. 

24 

21 

45 

31 

27 

28 

30 

20 

21 

19 

May 
Mav 
May 
June 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Julv 
May 
Aug. 


1862 
1862 
1862 
1862 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1862 
1862 
1864 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— FIELD    WORK. 


201 


COMPANY  D. 


Name. 

Rank. 

Age. 

34 
23 
36 
29 

DaieoS  Sank. 

Gaskill,  William 

Knight,  Wra.  K 

Kenyon,   \Vm 

Myers,  Otto 

Private. 

Aug.  23,1864 
Aug.  22,1864 
Aug.  23,1864 
Aug.  17,1864 

COMPANY  G. 


Name. 


Nor.  N.  Allen 

L.  P.  DuBois 

Albert  A.  Legg 

George  A.Wood 

Milton  J.  Justice 

AVillard   Houghton  .__ 

Joseph  Stelzell 

Jon.  H.  Adams 

James  F.  Eaton 

AVm.  C.  Britton 

Jeremiah  Loucke 

Timothy  Felt 

Adams,  Joseph 

Allen,  John 

Auspaugh,  Henry . 

Brailey,  John 

Brailev,  Elijah 

Bliss,  Robert  A 

Bamberger,  John 

Brown,  John  A 

Campbell.  Svlvanus 

Caster,  Eli  E" 

Delarber,  John 

Davis,  John  W 

Donovan,  John 

DiUman,  Augustus  C_. 

Fleig,  Anton 

Friend,  Henry 

Gignac,  Napoleon 

Gillett,  Joseph 

Griffin,  Benj.  F 

Graves,  Conrad 

Greenman,  Samuel 

Gitner,  Marshall 

Gordon,  Daniel 

Hall,  John  0 

Harroun,  Henry 

Harrigan,  Daniel 

Heath,  Francis  M 

luscho,  Edwin 

Jones,  Iloyal  C 

Kellv,  Francis  M 

Kelly,  Eli..„    

Kendall,  George 

King,  Elias  O 

Kirk,  Joshua 

Krist,  Michael 


Bank. 

Age. 

Date  of  Rank. 

Sergeant. 

18 

Dec. 

9,1863 

" 

26 

Dec. 

19,1863 

22 

Dec. 

16,1863 

27 

Dec. 

8,1863 

Corporal. 

34 

Dec. 

19,1863 

(( 

22 

Dec. 

17,1863 

*' 

38 

Dec. 

24,1863 

'* 

19 

Dec. 

5,1863 

25 

Dec. 

16,1863 

(( 

24 

Dec. 

8,1863 

" 

25 

Dec. 

14,1863 

Musician. 

29 

Dec. 

9.1863 

Private. 

30 

Dec. 

4,1863 

u 

24 

Dec. 

16  1863 

(1 

'>2 

Aug 

24,1864 

il 

33 

Dec. 

4,1863 

ii 

21 

Dec. 

14,1863 

*' 

22 

Dec. 

11,1863 

(C 

32 

Deo. 

15,1863 

11 

99 

Dec. 

14,1863 

il 

18 

Dec. 

9,1863 

il 

21 

Dec. 

9.1863 

(( 

27 

Dec. 

14,1863 

" 

25 

Dec. 

4,1863 

a 

22 

Dec. 

12,1863 

" 

19 

Dec. 

8,1863 

(( 

22 

Dec. 

1.5,1863 

11 

23 

Dec. 

21,1863 

11 

19 

Dec. 

14,1863 

a 

29 

Dec. 

15,1863 

" 

24 

Dec. 

14,1863 

(( 

28 

Dec. 

16,1863 

11 

28 

Dec. 

16,1863 

il 

25 

Dec. 

9,1863 

*' 

36 

Dec. 

4,1863 

il 

27 

Dec. 

19,1863 

11 

22 

Dec. 

17,1863 

t( 

24 

Dec. 

12,1863 

n 

•>o 

Dec. 

14,1863 

" 

26 

Dec. 

16,1863 

" 

33 

Dec. 

8,1863 

It 

18 

Dec. 

26,1863 

*' 

24 

Dec. 

16,1863 

" 

36 

Dec. 

15,1863 

il 

20 

Dec. 

7,1863 

11 

28 

Dec. 

18,1868 

il 

35 

Dec. 

16,1863 

Name. 

Sank. 

Age. 

Date  of  Sank. 

Mills,  Wm.  S 

Private. 

23 

Dec.   11,1863 

Miley,  Thomas 

ft 

21 

Dec.   17,1863 

Mar.sh,  Henry _i 

(( 

23 

Dec.   17,1863 

Mannon,  Jacob  G 

" 

19 

Dec.     8  1863 

Mclntyre,  Porter  W 

(( 

20 

Dec.   12,1863 

Patton,  James  D    

it 

24 

Dec.   14,18(i3 

Peabody,  James  B    

" 

19 

Dec.   14,1863 

Peabodv,  Jolin  S.  M 

(( 

22 

Dec.   11,1863 

Phillips,  John 

u 

23 

Dec.   11,1863 

Paulson,  William  N 

(t 

27 

Dec.     7,1863 

Paulson,  James 

(( 

19 

Dec.   17,1863 

Peron,  John.  .     __ 

u 
li 

36 
19 

Dec.   19  1863 

Renlapaugh,  John. 

Dec.  12,1863 

Rejiass,  (icrard  A 

(( 

18 

Dec.     9,1863 

Rodd,  Charles 

(( 

19 

Dec.   14,1863 

Shanley,  George    

(1 

28 

Dee.   10,1863 

Shank,  Henry     _  ...     _ 

'* 

•}'> 

Dec.    11,1863 

Showman,  John  H 

(( 

23 

Dec.  21,186;! 

ShuU,  Isaiah..  ....     . 

11 

23 

21 

Dec.   18,1863 

Smith,  Edwin 

Dec.  2:),  1863 

Spaulding,  William 

'* 

24 

Dec.     9,1863 

Stough,  Henry. 

(( 

09 

Aug.  2:',,  1864 

Thompson,  Samuel 

(i 

36 

Aug.  31,1864 

Wales,  William  R 

** 

18 

Dec.    18,1863 

Wales,  Ralph  W 

1( 

20 

Dec.  26,1  SI  i3 

Watson,  William 

'* 

22 

Dec.   17,1863 

Weston,  John  H 

•' 

,34 

Dec.   14,1863 

Wickwire,  Alfred  S 

(( 

34 

Dec.    18,1863 

Morton,  Helon  C 

Corporal. 

26 

Dec.  19,1863 

Young,  Charles  0 

Musician. 

18 

Dec.     4,1863 

Brown,  Oscar  A 

Private. 

24 

Dec.  11,1S(;:! 

Cunningham,  Geo.  W__ 

'(( 

28 

Dec.  14,1.S(;3 

Coe,  Henry  B..     ...     . 

u 

28 
43 

Dec.  19,186;', 

Rathburn,  Francis 

Dec.     4.186:; 

Spaulding,  John 

(( 

34 

Dec.     9,186;; 

Boyd,  Weslev  J 

(1 

18 

Aug.  2;;,is64 

Collier,  Isaac 

(( 

29 

Aug.  2;;,is64 

Heiner,  Jacob  F 

IstSergt. 

24 

Dec.     8.1S63 

Bale,  William  (died).  .. 

Private. 

38 

Dec.     8,186;; 

Smith,  John  (died) 

t( 

19 

Dec.   14,1863 

Bates,  Charles  F 

a 

38 

Dec.     2,1863 

Beckwith,  Francis 

(( 

IS 

Dec.   17.1863 

Roberts,  Frank 

(t 

28 

Dec.  24,1863 

COMPANY  I. 


Name. 


Higher,  Hugh 

Overmire,  Washington. 

Stickney,  Malcom 

Van  Houten.  Peter 

Crosby,  Thomas  W 

Bird,  William 

Fields,  Hiram 

Mayer,  Albert 

Woolever,  William 

Thomas,  David 


Sank. 


Private. 


Corporal. 
Private. 


ilge. 


Datr  of  Sank. 


Dec. 
Dec. 
Dec. 
Dec. 
Dec. 
Dec. 
Dec. 
Dec. 
Dec. 


26,1863 
28,1863 
28,1863 
2;?,lS(i;! 
22,1S(>3 
22,1863 
22,1863 
22,1863 
22,1863 


Aug.  2:5,1864 


ONE   HUNDEED   AND   THIETIETH  EEGIMENT,  OHIO   VOLUNTEEE  INFANTEY. 


Since  the  preceding  history  of  thi.s  Eegiment  the  service    May  2d,  and    was    mustered    out 

was  printed   (jwiges  109,  110),  its  roster  so  far  September  22, 1864. 

aa  Lucas    County  is    concerned,   has  been  ob-  Note.— Casualties  are  noted  as  follows:    *Died; 

taiued  as   here  given.     The  command  entered  t  discharged  ;  t  rejected ;  J  captured. 


202 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ROSTER— ONE  HUNDRED  DAYS'  SERVICE. 


Names. 


Charles  B.  Phillips.. 

John    Faskin 

Elijah  B.  Hall 

.SaiMUul  S.  Thorne 

James    W.  Alderman 

Minot  I.  Wilcox 

Calvin  Hathawav 

Will  B.  Dix ". 

Will  H.   Burritt 

William    Barge 

James  B.  Carpenter. . 

John  B.  Fella 

George  T.  Watson 

Volney  Moore 


Bank. 


Colonel 

Lieut.  Colonel-. 

Major 

Surgeon 

Chaplain 

Quarter  Master. 
Asst.   Surgeon_. 

Adjutant 

Sergt.  Major 

Sen.  Musician.. 
Jun.         •' 
Hosp.    Steward. 
Com.  Sergeant.. 
Q.  M.  Sergeant. 


COMPANY  A. 


Name. 


Sylvester  Brown 

Wesley  Chamberlain 

James  C.  Messer 

John  Mack 

Wm.  Sexton 

Thomas  Rideout 

Warren    Whitmore 

Henry  Munday 

Predorn  Martin 

James  H.  Crane 

James  L.  Johnson 

James  B.  Ten  Eyck 

Amos  W.  Crane 

Tou.ssaint  Navarre 

John   Campbell 

Myron   H.  Parmelee 

Lewis  E.  Bassett 

Arquett,   Stephen 

Ackerman,  I.  Christopher 

Amies,   Nelson  P 

Brown,  Augustus 

Bartlett,  Gilbert 

Brown,  Loren  A .. 

Bean,  William  H  

Bean,   We.sley 

Burt,   Edward 

Brown,  John  L 

Britton,  Bradford 

Buckley,  Azel 

Blanch,  Phihp 

Branisch,  John 

Cunningham,   Wm* 

Chamberlain,  Robert  V__., 

Consaul,  Lewis 

Danzey,   John .__ 

Debolt,  Amos  M 

Delge,  Oliver 

French,  James  E 

Gaetz,  .lacob  F 

Gardner,  Nathan 

Gilson,   George  W 

Hoyt,  Noah 

Hoereing,  John 

Hunt,   Luther 

Hart,  Martin  L 

Jones,  Lucerne 

Kohner,  Henry 

Mosher,  Eugene 

Moore,  Trayton 


Rank. 


Ca  >tain. 

43 

1st  -jeut. 

41 

2d  Lieut. 

28 

1st  Sergeant. 

22 

Sergeant. 

30 

" 

39 

(f 

20 

28 

Corporal. 

27 

(( 

30 

24 

C( 

25 

<f 

25 

(i 

30 

a 

27 

Musician. 

14 

(1 

14 

Private. 

41 

(( 

33 

4( 

22 

(( 

33 

t( 

18 

(( 

31 

tl 

28 

(( 

18 

(( 

29 

(( 

44 

(( 

21 

(( 

21 

(( 

30 

(( 

26 

cc 

30 

(i 

21 

(( 

22 

n 

35 

(( 

23 

i( 

27 

t( 

33 

(( 

30 

(( 

43 

tl 

18 

it 

35 

35 

(( 

31 

a 

18 

n 

25 

n 

27 

a 

21 

ii 

31 

Age. 


44 
43 


32 
29 
35 
25 
24 


Age. 


Name. 

Rank. 

Age. 

Momenee,  Peter 

Mosher,  De  Witt. 

Private. 

36 

18 

Moon,  James  A 

Myers,  Charles. 

40 
20 

Navarre,  Samuel    

OhiLStead,   Theodore 

Porter,  Peter  B._     ..     . 

29 
19 
40 

Phelps,  Henry  L.     _ 

28 

Reed,  Thomas.     _       .       .  _ 

32 

Rideout,  James 

Roberts,  Cutler  H 

Raymond,  Wm.  H 

43 
30 
21 

Russell,  Joseph  M.  .  ._ 

22 

Skidmore,  Russell  I 

Suzor,    Fred 

Sauter,  Gephardt 

Sohuie,  Henrj' . 

37 
26 
39 
29 

Scott,  Michael . 

18 

Smith,  Leonard         .  _ 

42 

Sherwood,  EnosD.* 

Shipman,    Henry.. 

18 
20 

Thorp,  John...   .         

42 

Tavlor.    Lewis 

32 

Topliff,  Theodore 

20 

Vinal,  Joshua 

Wynn,  John  L 

Ward,  William  . .       

18 
32 
33 

Waterbury,  Chas.  H 

Wynn,   Samuel 

Warren,  John  J 

Wales,  Andrew  J. 

19 
37 
18 
21 

Warren,  Silas  H 

Walter,  Ernst  t 

37 
35 

Young,  Samuel 

36 

Yaslin,  Jacob  . 

30 

COMPANY  B. 


Nam^s. 

Rank. 

Age. 

Dan.  A.  Collins 

Captain. 

1st  Lieutenant. 

2d  Lieutenant. 

1st  Sergeant. 

Sergeant. 
i( 

(( 

(( 

Corporal. 

(( 
(( 
(t 

(( 

a 

Musician. 

Private. 

It 

(( 
(( 

a 
(( 
t( 

(f 

26 

William  C.  Cheney 

Frederick  Ingold.." 

Don  A.  Pease 

E.  M.  Hamilton..     

44 
35 
36 

21 

Edwin  Jacoby. 

29 

Charles  V.  Lincoln 

37 

William  M.  Uiithank 

Con.  Burke 

George  R.  Rickets 
Fred.  S.  Hamlin*.. 

38 
38 
32 
21 

Sylvester  F.  Ensign  ... 
John  H.  Wood. 

37 
22 

Philip  Ringleman 

18 

Jacob  Eng  chart 

Charles  S.  Brooks 

Robert  G.  Branson 

28 
20 
15 

Wm.  M.  Woodruff 

Allen,  Moreaut 

15 
47 

Allen,  John  C 

18 

Avery,  George  S.._ 

18 

Barnes,  Henrv  G  .. 

24 

Bartlett,  Matthew 

24 

Belknap,  Henry 

24 

Buck,  Thomas  W 

23 

Babington,  Mitchell 

Bowker,  James  J 

18 
18 

Butler,  Samuel 

21 

Bell,  John  M 

23 

Beck,  Samuel.  _     . 

37 

I 


THE  WAR   OF  THE  REBELLION ~ FIELD   WORK. 


203 


Name. 


Hank. 


Cooper,  John 

Croswell,  Charles 

Dooley,  James  W 

Diebel,  Charles 

Diebel,  Frederick 

Dages,  William 

Diefeuthaler,  George 

Fuller,  Orson  A* 

Frazer,  James 

Fiske,  Charles  H 

Gray,  Andrew 

Gilbert,  George  C 

Goettell,  Christopher    .. 

Ginder,  Isaac 

Gwinner,  Gustav  A 

Hunker,  Andrew  J 

Hoyt,  Charles 

Heritage,  James 

Hatz,  Sebastian 

Harbauer,  John 

Kraft,  Anton    

Kruse,  Albert 

Krousberger,  Louis 

Ketcham,  Nicholas  T 

Kirschner,  John 

Kasdorf,  Christian 

Lewis,  Adelbert 

Meisner,  James 

Mullen,  Patrick  

Metzger,  John  C 

Mertz,  Charles  F 

Obist,  Christian* 

Oberly,  Paul 

Parcher,  William  H 

Parcher,  Zachary 

Pratt,  Martin  L 

Koth,  George 

Ruppel,  Conrad 

Ruchert,  George 

Southard,  Wesley  C  _„ 

Sallis,  John 

Samson,  Louis 

Stephan,  Edward 

Tinker,  Alonzo  E 

Tourtellotte,  Arthur  D_ 

Trimble,  Nelson 

Weed,  AVilliamS 

Wernert,  Anton 

Young,  Henry 

Bailey,  Sanford  L. 

Harris,  William  C 


Private. 


COMPANY   C. 


Age. 


Name. 


19 
20 
36 
34 
36 
27 
33 
25 
20 
32 
18 
20 
18 
32 
47 
20 
20 
38 
31 
32 
25 
27 
44 
44 
40 
20 
20 
19 
19 
IS 
18 
31 
20 
18 
18 
43 
33 
45 
22 
42 
25 
22 
30 
18 
32 
18 
24 
19 
35 
30 


Names. 

Jiank. 

Age. 

Richard  Waite 

Captain. 

Ist  Lieutenant. 

2d  Lieutenant. 

1st  Sergeant. 

Sergeant. 

(( 
Corporal. 

33 

William  B.  Messinger 

John  J.  Barker 

Fred.  B.  Shoemaker 

George  Durringer    , . 

29 
32 
20 
25 

John  Nagley 

Henry  G.  Totten 

20 

40 

Horatio  S.  Young 

21 

Charles  H.  CoflBn 

Elijah  G.  Crane  _     

23 
33 

Fred'k  W.  Madenburg 

Edwin  Sexton           

32 
19 

Fred'k  A.  Stevens           .     -_ 

18 

Ralph  H.  Waggoner 

Fred'k  P.  Waite 

21 

20 

Rank. 


Age. 


Conrad  Weil. 

Frank  T.  Dewey 

R.  Stanley  Thurston 

Abbott.  George  F 

Ansbangh,  John 

Babington,  Henry 

Bayne,  William  H 

Beardsley,  Douglas  S 

Bertrand,  Richard  K 

Breed,  George  S 

Burwick,  Fritz 

Cranker.  Jacob 

Curran,  Allen 

DeBolt,  Franklin  J 

Dustin,  CharU'S 

Edmonds,  Joseph  A 

Fitch,  John  W  

Freeman,  Benjamin  F 

Freeman.  George  W 

Fresch.  Frank 

Gray,  Edward 

GrLswold,  Fred'k  W 

Harwood,  Franklin 

Haskel,  Fred'k 

Hopkins,  Livingston  S 

Jones,  Lewis  B 

Kaurmeyer,  John 

Kerchmain,  Theodore 

King,  George  E 

Lane,  Samuel  G 

Langenderfer,  Joseph 

Maurer,  Andrew 

Merickel,  Lewis 

Merrill,  Morris  O 

Miller,  John,  Jr 

Miller,  John  W 

Mills,  John 

Nichols,  Francis  L 

Norton,  Edwin    

Raines,  Howard 

Reinboldt,  Henry 

Root,  Miles  C 

Sanderson,  Myron  P 

Sheys,  Pleury  B 

Steele,  George  A 

Thurston,  Carl 

Van  Nest,  William  H ' 

Viess,  Ezrom  L 

Watson,  Samuel 

AVestmyer,  Richard  J 

Witker,  Fred'k 

Williams,  Elislia  C 

Williams,  Mark  H .. 

Winfield,  Thomas  E 

Withee,  Newell 


Corporal. 
Musician. 

a 

Private. 


COMPANY  E. 


23 

14 

13 

20 

22 

18 

23 

22 

25 

18 

2!) 

44 

31 

35 

21 

18 

20 

27 

18 

22 

32 

21 

20 

18 

21 

27 

22 

23 

21 

32 

39 

26 

20 

23 

29 

19 

40 

45 

21 

18 

18 

30 

21 

26 

18 

19 

22 

18 

22 

23 

19 

22 

21 

20 

21 


Nairn. 

Sank. 

Age. 

George  W.  Reynolds,  jr 

Captain. 

1st  Lieutenant. 

1st  Sergeant. 

Sergeant. 
(1 

n 

Corporal. 

27 
35 

George  H.  Blaker  

James  M.  Wolcott 

28 
23 

Charles  Everett 

Halsey  C.  Garritt  . 

23 
20 

David  Perrin 

27 

Oscar  S.  DeWolf ._. 

30 

Ant.  Gignac.        _        

25 

Homer  Dabin 

36 

Charles  Cherry 

28 

204 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Namts. 


Ed.  Mallett 

John  Winsler 

Frank  Hamilton 

George  Lucas 

Sumner  Spaulding 

James  F.  Clark 

Brenemane,  John 

Bremer,  John 

Briggs,  Walter 

Burrett,  Wm.  H 

Burge.  William 

Brown,  Thomas 

Burge,  Robert 

Broadbeck,  Martin 

Easier,  Jacob 

Coehne.  Frederick 

Connelly,  Marcus 

Cook,  Milton 

Creps,  David 

Cooper,  James  B 

Calkins,  Robert  K 

Cass,  James  B ..- 

Chapman,  Robert  C 

De  Mott,  Samuel 

Dyer,  Edward  R 

Driftmyer,  Frederick 

Erenbeck,  Benj 

Edmonds,  James 

Frost,  William  B 

Flowers,  Peter 

Fox,  Jacob 

Forsythe,  William 

Frank,  John 

Geer,  Amos 

Gilbert,  Elias 

Hahn,  Bennett 

Howe.  Edward 

Hackinsmith,  John  G 

Johnson,  Harlow  L 

Klerter,  Frederick 

Keyes,  Edward  E 

Lucas,  James  F 

Lloyd.  Edward  S 

Limbrick,  John 

Mivch,  George 

Minnis,  John 

Martin  (or  Marlton),  John,. 

McKinney,  Allen 

Myers,  Wm.  H 

Miley,  Wm.  C 

Miley,  Henry  AV 

Moses,  Kimball  A 

Moses,  Frank  A 

Nechl'en,  Andrew 

Neveau,  David 

Nuhfer,  Jacob 

Neff,  Jacob 

Neider,  Philip 

Phillips,  Merrett 

Perry,  William 

Rekoss,  Joel..: 

Richardson,  Frank 

Reynolds,  Russell  N 

Rodgers,  Holmes 

Ratz,  Frederick. 

Sheffer,  AVilliam  R 

Sterrigg,  Daniel 

Schwager,  John 

Tibbitts,  William 

Throny,  John  A 

Williams,  Everett  B 

Walters,  Jeremiah 


Rank. 


Corporal. 

23 

21 

(( 

42 

u 

26 

Musician. 

33 

** 

18 

Private. 

33 

'• 

35 

" 

42 

" 

24 

*' 

26 

** 

30 

** 

21 

a 

35 

'* 

22 

(( 

27 

•' 

25 

" 

40 

'* 

19 

(( 

20 

*' 

23 

t( 

29 

" 

23 

" 

18 

it 

39 

i( 

22 

*' 

19 

'* 

20 

'* 

21 

a 

32 

'' 

37 

'' 

44 

*' 

32 

'* 

18 

'' 

18 

*■ 

29 

*' 

30 

•  ( 

34 

it 

26 

36 

it 

32 

" 

18 

18 

(( 

21 

(( 

24 

19 

28 

18 

a 

35 

20 

11 

27 

(( 

21 

n 

23 

'* 

21 

26 

It 

20 

it 

35 

" 

18 

30 

26 

38 

21 

n 

30 

** 

28 

(( 

18 

25 

ii 

28 

44 

" 

44 

18 

'* 

18 

(( 

22 

Age. 


COMPANY   F. 


Nmnes. 


Louis  Koeppel 

JohnC.  Wuerfel 

Louis  Rieger 

Otto   Albert 

Wm.  Gradolph 

George  Hehner 

Charles  Meissner 

Fritz  Hennig 

Jacob  Kraemer 

AVhi.  Hempfling 

Conrad  Pflster 

F.  A.  Gaetschenberger_. 

Thos.  F.  Palm 

William  Entemann 

John  M.  Hauser 

George  Stetter 

Christ.  Martes* 

Louis  Wacher 

Benz,  Paul 

Buhler,  Adrian 

Brown,  Carl 

Beck,  Fritz 

Bulan,  Martin 

Beck,  Jacob 

Damarier,    William 

Dnrian,  William 

Durian,  E 

Emmick,    Vincent  J 

Englehardt,   Henry 

Feldmann,   Conrad 

Fella,  JohnB 

George.  Emil 

Gaetsenberger,  Fritz 

Hoehler,  Charles 

Hassenzahl,   Wendell-  _. 

Herrmann,   John 

Haepl'el,  Andreas 

Hacker,  Henry 

Haussermann.  Christ... 

Jacobs,  Grist 

Josenhans,  Fritz 

Kasdorf,  Grist 

Koch,  Max 

Kneciit,  Charles 

Kruse,    William 

Kiefer,  John- 

Kern,  Henry 

Kureth,  Gottl 

Keller,  George 

Lang,  Michael 

Miller,   Conrad 

Miller,   John 

Mahr,   William... 

Naegeli,  John 

Naegeli,  Matthias 

Naumann,  John 

Ruhfeldt,    Henry 

Rutishauser,  John  E 

Rieger,    Franz 

Schmidt,    I'ritz 

Schreidtiy,    George 

Schaumloeffel,    Henry. 

Smith,  Louis  jJ 

Schwartz,  Fritz 

Strauss,  John 

Sommer,  Charles. 

Sloctier,  John 

Schneider,  Jacob 

Schmidt,  Charles 


Ea7ik. 


Captain. 
1st  Lieutenant. 

28 
23 

2d  Lieutenant. 

24 

1st  Sergeant. 
Sergeant. 

31 

24 
37 

a 

33 

(( 

42 

Corporal. 

35 
32 

(( 

32 

a 

35 

a 

36 

a 

26 

" 

31 

(( 

26 

Musician. 

26 

It 

29 

Private. 

33 

*' 

19 

" 

20 

(( 

20 

a 

19 

It 

20 

(( 

30 

a 

18 

(( 

43 

(( 

19 

n 

31 

n 

45 

ft 

30 

a 

19 

(( 

29 

" 

29 

(( 

27 

({ 

23 

({ 

44 

a 

33 

a 

29 

a 

27 

a 

42 

t< 

32 

(( 

22 

(( 

20 

a 

19 

(( 

23 

({ 

30 

(( 

26 

a 

28 

ii 

41 

t' 

40 

" 

35 

a- 

38 

*' 

50 

a 

42 

C( 

37 

it 

29 

'* 

28 

(( 

31 

11 

28 

li 

,26 

it 

20 

t( 

43 

(( 

34 

tt 

31 

ii 

24 

it 

23 

it 

23 

t( 

21 

.ige. 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD   WORK. 


205 


Names. 


Schlenker,  Christ.  „ 

Hfhwarz,  Sel) 

Strauss,  David 

Unbehauser,  Clirist 

Von  Cotta,  Paul 

AVeibler,  Christ 

Wcnsky,  August    _. 

Weiss,  Charles 

Windischgratz,  E.  . 

Zimmer,  Conrad 

Zwicljer,  Jacoli  


Private. 


COMPANY  G. 


Names. 


AVarren  D.  Moore 

Lyman  H.  Hendrickson.. 

Joseph  Warren 

Isaac  Thorp  . 

Horace  Tredway 

Joseph  Printup 

Luther  C.  Lathrop 

James  W.  Sanderson 

Nicholas  Young 

Lindsy  Fletcher* 

William  Phelps 

Wesley  O.  Cooper 

Henry  H.  Babcock 

James  S.  White 

Don  A.  Hendrickson 

Henry  Chulep 

Abraham  Johnson 

Francis  .Sandaband 

Aerte,  Philip 

Braunschweiger,  Jacob ._ 

Beach,  Malcom 

Beach,  Marshall 

Blanchard,  Albert  D 

Comstock,  Ambrose 

Covel,  Oliver  F 

Cherry,  Martin 

Clark,  Edmond 

Collins,  Martin  H___i 

Coucher,  Louis* 

Champion,  John 


Rank. 


Captain. 
1st  Lieutenant. 
2d  Lieutenant. 

Sergeant. 


Corporal. 


Musician. 
Private. 


Agi. 


Names. 


:;o 

44 
18 
23 
29 
34 
33 
4.') 
38 
3.5 
19 


Age. 


34 

31 

28 
26 
22 
30 
3.5 
19 
30 
21 
37 
26 
39 
34 
20 
22 
28 
15 
17 
39 
27 
24 
20 
33 
23 
28 
27 
23 
38 
18 


Dean,  Leander  H 

D.dpli,  DeWitt  C 

Decker,  Clie.sli'r  II 

Decker,  Jacob,  jr . 

Ed.son,  Charles 

Ford,  Wallace  li 

Farley,  Daniel  H    

Ford,  Lucius  L. 

Ford,  Eugene  F 

Faxon,  Herbert  C 

tjrecn,  Charles  H 

Green,  Henry 

Gardanier,  Henry 

Gerhart,  Armiel 

Grover,  Menzo 

Gidley,  John 

Gardanier,  Abraham.  . 

Green,  Simeon, 

Gordon,  James 

Geigle,  Jacob 

Hassan,  Araos 

Hollister,  Hiram . 

Hug,  Joseph 

Hauser,  Chri.stopher 

Jordan,  Frederick 

Kimball,  Jared 

Kennedy,  Theodore  D_ 

Kapp,  George 

Lester,  Jackson 

Lewis,  Eli 

Lathroi),  James  J 

Moore.  Peter  V 

McBride,  John  F 

Moore,  Cscar  B 

Miller,  Joseph 

Miller,  Henry 

Nalter,  Jo.seph 

■Parker,  John  H 

Phelps,  John 

Shay,  Lewis 

Sawyer,  Jud.son 

Sheller,  Frederick 

Shule,  Frederick 

Van  Pelt,  George 

Wilson,  John ._ 

Wilcox,  Albert 

Welch,  George  W 

Whitney,  Milton  A 

Witcer,  Henry 

Young,  Charles 


Sank. 


Private. 


Age. 


31 

26 
19 
27 
39 
20 
22 
27 
23 
IS 
19 
33 
33 
21 
21 
20 
18 
21 
26 
31 
20 
37 
46 
18 
36 
32 
18 
42 
32 
30 
27 
32 
28 
25 
18 
18 
38 
41 
30 
31 
18 
35 
28 
32 
22 
18 
21 
26 
19 
.33 


ONE  HUNDRED   AND   EIGHTY-FOURTH  REGIMENT,    OHIO   VOLUNTEER 

INFANTRY. 


This  was  one  of  the  Regiment.s  raised  under 
the  last  call  of  President  Lincoln  for  one  year's 
service.  It  was  organized  at  Camp  Chase, 
Februarj-  21, 1865,  whence  it  at  once  proceeded 
to  Nashville,  Tennessee,  where  it  was  engaged 
in  garrison  duty  for  a  time,  and  then  went  to 
Chattanooga  and  to  Bridgeport,  March  21st,  at 
which  place  it  guarded  a  Railroad  bridge  across 
the  Tennessee,  as  well  as  the  Railroad  track 
between  Chattanooga  and  Bridgeport,  a  dis- 
tance of  30  miles.  In  such  service  it  had  fre- 
quent encounters  with  Rebel  guerrillas  and 
Cavalrj',   capturing   some  of  the    enemy   and 


losing  a  few  men.  .Tul3-  25th  the  Regiment 
moved  to  Edgefield  for  garrison  duty,  in  which 
it  was  employed  until  mustered  out  of  the  ser- 
vice, September  20,  1865,  wlien  it  returned  to 
Camp  Chase,  and  was  paid  and  discliarged  Sep 
tember  27th.  The  Regiment  was  composed 
largely  of  excellent  men,  most  of  wiioni  had 
served  two  or  three  years.  Its  commander, 
Colonel  Henry  S.  Commager,  had  won  distinc- 
tion as  Captain,  Major  and  Lieutenant-Colonel 
in  the  Sixtj-Seventli  Ohio,  Ezra  S,  Dodd,  now 
State  Senator,  was  ^Major  of  the  Regiment,  and 
Judge  David  H, Commager  a  Second  Lieutenant, 


206 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ONE    HUNDEED    AND    EIGHTY-NINTH    REGIMENT,   OHIO   VOLUNTEER 

INFANTRY. 


Tliis  Regiment  was  organized  at  Camp  Chase, 
Alarch  5,  18(55.  Four  of  its  Companies  were 
from  the  Toledo  Congressional  District ;  one 
from  Cincinnati ;  one  from  Dayton  ;  one  from 
Georgetown ;  and  one  from  Tuscarawas  County. 

The  field  officers  of  the  Regiment  were  as 
follows:  Colonel,  Henry  D.  Kingsbury,  of  To- 
ledo ;  Lieutenant-Colonel,  J.  McDermott  Roe, 
of  Toledo;  Major,  Norman  Waite,  of  Toledo; 
Surgeon,  Sidney  C.  Gordon;  Assistant  Sur- 
geons, L.  S.  B.  Otwell  and  Curtis  Otwell. 

The  Regiment  left  Camp  Chase  March  7th,  for 
Huntsville,  Alabama,  arriving  there  on  the  17tli. 
Seven  Companies  were  stationed  at  points  on 
the  Memphis  &  Charleston  Railroad,  between 
Stevenson  and  Decatur,  and  engaged  in  build- 


ing stockades  and  guarding  bridges.  June  20th 
the  Regiment  was  concentrated  at  Huntsville, 
performing  post  duty  there  until  September 
25th,  when  it  was  ordered  to  Nashville,  and 
there  mustered  out.  Thence  it  proceeded  to 
Camp  Chase,  and  was  there  paid  and  discharged 
October  7,  1S(J5. 

As  in  the  case  of  most  of  the  Regiments 
raised  during  the  last  few  months  of  the  Rebel- 
lion, the  One  Hundred  and  Eighty-Ninth  was 
not  permitted  to  see  much  of  the  active  service 
common  to  commands  earlier  in  the  field  ;  but 
it  was  out  long  enough  for  ofiicers  and  men  to 
raauifest  both  their  desire  and  their  fitness  for 
whatever  of  toil  or  danger  might  be  involved 
in  the  defense  of  the  Union. 


BATTERY  H,  FIRST  REGIMENT  OHIO   LIGHT  ARTILLERY. 


In  the  fall  of  1861,  largely  through  the  efforts 
and  influence  of  Harvey  Kellogg,  George  W. 
Norton  and  others,  the  young  men  of  Adams 
and  adjoining  Townships  undertook  the  organ- 
ization of  a  Company  for  service  in  the  Union 
Army.  For  such  purpose,  Mr.  Norton  visited 
Columbus,  where  he  was  authorized  to  raise  an 
Artillery  Company.  This  work  was  so  well 
performed,  that  on  the  18th  September  nearly 
a  Company  went  into  Camp  Dennison,  near 
Cincinnati,  where  they  were  re-enforced  by  a 
squad  from  Marietta,  thus  completing  a  Bat- 
tery, which  came  to  be  Battery  H,  First  Regi- 
ment Light  Artillery,  Colonel  James  Barnett. 
Recruits  entering  the  command  later,  were 
mostly  from  Toledo  and  vicinity,  so  that  it 
eventually  came  to  be  substantially  a  Lucas 
County  Battery. 

Leaving  Camp  Dennison  January  20,  1862, 
armed  with  six  bronze  smooth-bore  guns,  it 
proceeded  by  River  to  Parkersburg,  West  Vir- 
ginia, and  thence  b}'  Baltimore  &  Ohio  Rail- 
waj',  to  Patterson's  Creek.  In  a  few  days  it 
joined  General  F.  W.  Lander's  Division  at  Paw 
Paw  Tunnel,  Shenandoah  Valley.  The  Battery 
opened,  on  the  Union  side,  the  first  battle  of 
Winchester,  March  22,  1862.  General  James 
Shields,  who  succeeded  to  the  command  of  the 
Division  upon  the  death  of  General  Lander, 
was  wounded  while  on  his  horse,  near  the 
Battery's  guns.     Before  leaving  the  field,  he 


ordered  Captain  Huntington  to  begin  firing. 
It  was  the  Battery's  first  fight,  and  the  men  had 
good  reason  to  be  proud  of  it,  that  being  the  first 
time  "  Stonewall  "  Jackson  had  been  whipped. 
The  Battery  now  marched  up  and  down  the 
Valley,  with  Banks's  Corps,  taking  part  in 
skirmishes  at  Edinburg,  Reed's  Hill,  New 
Market  and  Mt.  Jackson. 

In  May,  Shields's  Division  crossed  the  Blue 
Ridge  at  New  Market,  moving  rapidly  to  join 
McDowell  at  Falmouth.  Without  rest  or  a 
chance  to  "brush  up,'' the  Division  Mas  re- 
viewed by  President  Lincoln,  who  said  he 
wanted  to  •'  see  the  Boys  who  had  whipped 
'  Stonewall '  Jackson."  The  Division  was  hast- 
ened back  to  the  Valley,  being  at  Front  Roj'al 
June  let.  Marching  Soiith  on  the  east  side  of 
the  Shenandoah  River,  it  was  near  the  battle 
ground  at  Cross  Ke3-s  June  8,  1862,  but  could 
not  join  Fremont,  owing  to  high  water  in  the 
River.  June  9th  it  was  in  the  ugly  little  battle 
of  Port  Republic,  where  the  Third  and  Fourth 
Brigades  of  Shields's  Division  (all  Western 
troops),  of  about  2.400  Infantry,  with  18  pieces 
of  Artillery,  undertook  the  task  of  stopping 
Jackson's  Corps  of  about  20,000.  The  Division 
made  so  gallant  a  stand,  that  Jackson  had  to 
use  about  one-half  his  force  to  dislodge  it ;  and 
with  such  overwhelming  numbers  against  them, 
General  Imboden  (with  Jackson  in  the  battle) 
in  j)rint  has  admitted  that  at  one  time  during 


THE  WAR  OF   THE  REBELLION— FIELD   WORK:. 


207 


the  day,  Jackson  was  reallywliipped,but  made 
another  eflbrt,  wiuriing  the  day  and  the  field. 
Battery  H  was  complimented  by  General 
Shields  for  its  efficient  service  on  the  field  at 
Port  Eepublic,  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  it  lost 
three  of  its  guns. 

The  Batterj'  now  went  to  Alexandria  to  re- 
fit— getting  recruits,  horses,  and  new  three-inch 
rifled  Eodman  guns.  It  took  part  at  the  close 
of  Second  Bull  Kun,at  Chantilly,  September  1, 
1862.  For  about  a  montli,  it  helped  in  the  dis- 
agreeable service  of  defending  Washington. 

In  October,  18(!2,the  Battery  joined  the  Armj- 
of  the  Potomac  at  Harper's  Perry,  and  with  that 
command  marched  to  Fredericksburg;  getting 
into  a  lively  skirmish  at  Manassas  Gap,  about 
November  Ist.  Taking  part  in  the  battle  of 
FredericksT>urg  under  Burnside,  December 
10th,  nth,  12th,  15th,  it  there  used  nearly  ],0()O 
shells. 

In  January,  1863,  the  Battery  was  with  ad- 
vance in  Burnside's  "mud-march"  up  the 
Rapid  Ann  River,  being  one  of  the  few  Bat- 
teries to  reach  the  River  bank,  and  be  placed  in 
position  to  cover  the  crossing.  In  the  Chan- 
cellorsville  campaign  it  was  part  of  the  force 
sent  below  Fredericksburg  to  cover  the  crossing 
of  the  Sixth  Corps;  and  then  with  the  Third 
Corps  making  a  forced  night  march  to  Chan- 
cellorsville  Saturday  afternoon.  May  2d,  when 
Jackson  flanked  and  crushed  the  right  of  the 
Army.  The  Battery,  with  Tenth  and  Eleventh 
New  York  Batteries,  was  near  Hazle  Grove, 
without  support ;  but  bravely  stood  by  its  guns 
in  tlie  terribly  desperate  situation, checkingthe 
extreme  right  of  Jackson's  advance,  and  hold- 
ing open  a  road  for  the  return  of  Sickles's  Third 
Corps.  For  such  timely  service,  the  three 
Batteries  were  warmly,  and  witii  much  feeling, 
thanked  by  General  Sickles  on  the  spot,  before 
the  smoke  of  battle  had  cleared.  With  day- 
light Sunday  morning,  the  Infantry  went  to  the 
rear,  with  the  two  New  York  Batteries,  leaving 
Battery  H  to  hold  the  advance  or  exposed  posi- 
tion at  Hazle  Grove,  while  the  lines  were  being 
re-formed  near  the  Chancellorsville  House.  It 
was  a  hot  and  lively  place,  but  the  Battery  did 
not  leave  until  ordered,  and  after  losing  three 
guns.  When  near  the  Chancellorsville  House, 
General  Hooker  rode  up  to  the  Battery,  saying  ; 
"  You  have  done  splendidly.  I  saw  you  fight, 
and  (lid  not  expect  you  could  get  out.  You 
have  done  your  share." 


The  Division  (Whipples'  of  the  Third  Corps), 
to  which  the  Battery  belonged,  being  badly 
cut  up  at  Chancellorsville,  was  now  broken 
u]),  and  H  was  placed  in  the  Reserve  Artillery. 
Staying  there  but  a  few  daj^s,  it  was  sent  uj) 
the  River  on  picket  at  Banks's  Ford,  with 
Ayres's  Brigade,  Fifth  Corps.  General  Ayres 
had  just  been  promoted  from  command  of  a 
Regular  Battery,  and  he  had  the  frankness 
to  compliment  the  Ohio  boys  on  their  disci- 
pline, drill,  etc.,  as  he  did  not  expect  as  much 
in  a  Volunteer  Battery.  Good  autiiiirity  and 
high  praise. 

With  Sikes's  Division,  Fifth  Corps,  as  rear 
guard  to  the  Army,  was  made  the  memoi-abie 
and  fatiguing  march  to  Manassas  Junction  via 
Catlett's,  across  Bull  Run  battlefield,  joining 
the  Reserve  Artillery  at  Fairfax  C.  IT..  June 
17,  1863.  It  marched  with  the  Reserve  to 
Gettysburg,  taking  part  in  that  battle,  July  2d 
and  3d,  in  position  on  Cemetery  Ridge,  near 
where  now  stands  the  monument  in  the  National 
Cemetery.  It  went  into  action  under  lire, 
taking  the  place  of  a  crippled  Battery,  and 
staying  until  the  fighting  was  over.  Left  Get- 
tysburg with  the  Reserve  Artillery  July  5tli, 
crossed  the  Potomac  at  Berlin  July  18th, 
strolled  along  with  the  Army  in  Virginia  heat 
and  dust  until  August  Sth,  when  it  was  sent  to 
Rappahannock  Station,  to  the  Fii'st  Corps; 
going  into  position  on  the  picket  line  for  more 
than  a  month,  when  it  advanced  with  tiie  Army_ 
to  the  Rapid  Ann  River,  and  was  put  on  picket^ 
at  Robinson's  Ford,  near  to  Cedar  Mountain, 
for  over  two  weeks,  under  continual  fire,  where 
it  learned  the  full  meaning  of  being ''in  re- 
serve." In  October,  1863,  the  Battery  moved 
with  the  Army  back  to  Centerville,  and  as  the 
advance  to  Brandy  Station. 

On  Ohio  election-day  (October  13th),  the 
Battery  was  on  the  march  ;  but  the  bovs  organ- 
ized an  Election  Board,  and  voted  for  John 
Brough  to  be  Governor  of  Ohio.  It  was  unani- 
mous. The  ''polls  were  opened  "  at  ditterent 
hours,  as  the  exigencies  of  the  march  allowed, 
the  ballot-box  being  carried  on  the  pommel  of 
an  oflicer's  saddle.  The  result  was,  that  the 
balloting  took  place  in  three  difterent  Counties 
of  Vii-ginia. 

In  the  advance  about  November  4,  1863, 
the  Battery  was  on  duty  at  Kelley's  Ford  with 
the  Third  Corps.  As  a  portion  of  the  Reserve 
Artillery,  it  took  part  in  the  severe  Mine  Run 


208 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


campaign.  It  spent  the  "Winter  at  Brandy  Sta- 
tion, where  it  was  refitted  with  a  liberal  supplj^ 
of  recruits.  During  this  time,  Captains  Hunt- 
ington and  Norton  left  the  Battery. 

May  4,  18li4,  the  Battery,  in  excellent  trim, 
entered  the  Wilderness  campaign  under  Grant. 
Captain  Dorsej-  took  command  May  IGth.  The 
Reserve  Artillery  was  then  broken  up,  and 
Battery  H  became  part  of  the  Sixth  Corps,  and 
was  with  it  at  Spottsylvania,  Phillips'  Store 
and  Jericho  Mills.  It  was  part  of  the  troops 
making  the  rapid  night  march  of  30  miles  to 
get  to  the  Pamunky  Paver  and  Hanover  Town. 
Reaching  Cold  Harbor,  June  1st,  in  time  to  be 
the  first  Battery  of  the  Sixth  Corps  in  position, 
it  opened  tiie  fight  for  them,  and  had  very  hard 
and  exposed  work  for  12  days,  when  the  Army 
moved  across  the  James  River,  June  15th,  near 
Wind  Mill  Point.  With  Getty's  Second  Divi 
sion,  Sixth  Corps,  the  Battery  made  a  forced 
march  for  a  night  and  day  in  the  heat  and  sand 
for  Petersburg.  Immediately  on  reaching 
there,  it  was  put  in  position  on  the  front  line, 
and  for  three  days  and  nights  had  a  hot  time, 
fighting  and  digging,  until  all  were  fairly  ex- 
hausted. It  took  part  in  the  siege-work  at 
Petersburg  for  some  10  months  ;  was  in  Fort 
Sedgwick  (otherwise  known  as  "  Fort  Hell  "), 
at  the  timeand  just  to  the  left  of  where  the  mine 
was  exploded  July  30th.  It  spent  some  two 
months  in  that  "  Summer  Resort,"  being  close 
to  the  Rebel  lines,  and  so  hot  a  place  naturally, 
that  all  agreed  that  it  was  rightly  named. 
During  the  siege-work  the  Battery  occupied 
Redoubts  13,  14  and  23  ;  also.  Forts  Wilcox, 
Hayes,  Keene  and  Connelly,  taking  an  active 
part  in  the  breaking  of  the  lines  near  Fort 
Tracy,  April  2d;  and  then  was  among  the  sur- 
plus Batteries  sent  back  t(.)  City  Point,  while  the 
Army  made  the  race  for  Appomattox,  the  sur-- 
render  of  Lee's  Army,  and  -  the  end. 

In  May,  the  Battery  marched  for  Washington, 
passing  through  Richmond,  Bowling  Green, 
Fredericksburg,  &c.  Discipline  was  then  slack, 
and  the  boys  were  gay  and  happy,  as  they 
'•  went  marching  home."  June  3,  18(i5,  they 
turned  in  guns  and  horses  at  Washington. 
June  4th,  they  took  cars  for  Cleveland,  Ohio, 
where  they  were  given  a  dinner  ;  and  thence 
to  Camp  Taylor,  where  they  were  mustered  out 
and  paid  off  June  14,  1865. 

The  fortunate  escape  of  the  Battery,  with  a 
comparatively  small  list  of  dead  and  wounded, 


considering  the  exposed  positions  it  was  so  often 
in,  is  a  matter  of  surprise  and  gratitude.  Some 
half  dozen  of  the  horses  taken  out  in  1861,  were 
turned  in  at  the  close  of  the  War — "  unnamed 
heroes"  and  veterans. 

About  90  members  of  Battery  H  reached 
Toledo  at  12:45  P.  m.  June  15th,  with  Captain 
Stephen  W.  Dorsey,  and  Lieutenants  James 
Harris,  William  E.  Perigo  and  William  E. 
Parmelee,  Jr.  They  were  met  at  the  Railroad 
Depot  by  the  Union  Silver  Band  and  a  large 
number  of  citizens,  by  whom  they  were  escorted 
to  the  Dining  Hall  of  the  Island  House,  where 
a  dinner  had  been  prepared  for  them.  The 
i-oom  was  ornamented  with  flags,  banners,  ever- 
greens and  flowers,  including  the  old  flag  of  the 
Battery,  bearingthe  inscriptions, "  W^inehester," 
"  Chancellorsville,"  "  Port  Republic,"  "  Frede- 
ricksburg "  and  "  Gettj'sburg."  Mayor  C.  M. 
Dorr,  in  behalf  of  the  people  of  Toledo,  wel- 
comed the  heroes  home,  and  thanked  them  for 
their  long  and  gallant  service.  Rev,  William 
W.  Williams,  Pastor  of  the  First  Congregational 
Church,  by  request,  invoked  upon  the  occasion 
the  Divine  blessing,  when  the  meal  was  par- 
taken of  with  a  zest.  After  dinner,  the  Soldiers 
wei'e  escorted  b}-  the  Band  for  a  distance  up 
Summit  street,  when  they  returned  to  the  Island 
House,  and  soon  departed  for  their  respective 
homes.  At  the  time,  the  remarkable  exemp- 
tion of  the  Battery  from  sickness,  throughout 
its  service,  was  referred  to,  the  same  being 
accounted  for  by  the  almost  uniformly  excellent 
habits  of  its  members,  among  whom  there  was 
very  little  of  excess  of  any  kind.  Probablj-  no 
other  command  was  marked  by  greater  care  in 
that  respect,  the  effect  of  which  was  so  plainly 
noticed  in  the  robust,  vigorous  condition  of  the 
men  at  the  close  of  their  long  service. 

The  members  of  the  Battery  were  given  a 
reception  and  dinner  June  21st,  by  the  citizens 
of  Adams  Township  and  vicinit}-.  There  w-ere 
present  1,200  to  1,500  persons.  At  11  o'clock 
A  M.  the  assembly  was  called  to  order,  and 
Captain  Norton  asked  to  preside.  Returning 
thanks  for  such  compliment,  he  called  upon  a 
choir  present  to  sing,  when  Elder  Seeley  ottered 
prayer.  James  W.  Clark,  of  Toledo,  delivered 
an  appropriate  address,  welcoming  the  soldiers 
to  their  homes  and  friends,  and  briefly  recog- 
nizing the  distinguished  services  of  the  Battery, 
Rev.  Mr.  Page,  of  Maumee  City,  addressed  the 
assemblage  on  the  duty  of  citizens,     FoUow'ing 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD    WORK. 


209 


these  exercises  were  a  general  interchange  of 
social  greetings  between  the  Soldiers  and  citi- 
zens, and  the  disposal  of  the  bountiful  provision 
of  food  made  for  the  occasion. 

The  following  named  members  of  Battery  H 
were  killed,  as  stated  : 

Private  Jacob  Jeager,  Winche.';ter,  March  22,  1802. 

Sergeant  Edward  Allen,  Port  Kopublic,  June  'J,  1802. 

Private  John  ]McGill,  Port  Republic,  June  9,  1802. 

Private  Phillip  Oshnaugh,  Port  Republic,  June  9, 
1802. 

Private  Lycurgus  Bishop,  died  of  wounds  received 
at  Chancellorsville. 

Private  John  Jones,  died  of  wounds  received  at 
Chancellorsville. 

Private  John  Edmunds,  died  of  wounds  received  at 
Gettyshurg. 

Private  Henry  Schram,  Gettysburg  July  2,  1803. 

Private  Jacob  Kirsh,  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863. 


Corporal  W.  D.  Perrin,  Cold  Harbor,  June  1,  1864. 

Private  Luther  Search,  Pctcrslniig,  Jan.  18,  ISO.'). 

Private  Charles  M.  Cor.scr,  died  of  wounds  received 
at  Petersburg. 

Private  Noah  S.  Lockwood,  died  of  wounds  re- 
ceived at  Petersburg. 

Following  are  statistics  of  the  Battery: 

Names  on  the  roll 202 

Killed  and  wounded  in  action 28 

Died  in  hospital  and  camp 1,^ 

Discharged  at  expiration  of  term  of  enlistment—     30 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificates 40 

Re-enHsted  as  veterans 40 

Detailed  for  secret  .service  at  A  rmy  headquarters        3 

Detailed  for  .service  in  the  Signal  Corps 2 

Transferred  to  Veteran  Reserves 9 

Promotions  from  the  ranks  to  serve  in  Battery..      7 

Promotions  to  other  organizations 9 

Discharged  at  Cleveland,  June  14,  1805 128 


ROSTER  OF  BATTERY   H. 


Date  of 

Names. 

Rank. 

"^ 

Entering  the 
Service. 

Xemarks. 

James  F.  Huntington  .. 

Captain. 

Nov.   7,  1801 

Resigned  October  26,  1863. 

George   W.  JNorton 

'* 

Oct.  26,  1863 

Resigned  March  21,  1864. 

Stephen  W.  Dorsey 

*' 



Apr.  13,  1864 

Mustered  out  with  Batterv. 

George  W.  Norton 

1st  Lieut. 

Nov.  7,  1861 

Promoted  to  Captain. 

George  Davenport 

" 



Nov.  7,  1861 

Resigned  January  7,  1863. 

Charles  G.  Mason 

u 

Mar.  12,  1862 

Resigned  April  2(i,  1802. 

Albert  G.  Merrill 

(( 

Mar.  3,  1804 

Resigned  October  12,1804. 

James  Harris 

(( 

''I 

Feb.    8,  1865 

Mustered  out  with  Batterv. 

William  H.  Perigo 

(( 

21 

Feb.   8,  1865 

Mustered  out  with  Batterv. 

Thomas  M.  Bartlett 

2d  Lieut. 

Nov.  7,  1861 

Promoted. 

Martin  B.  Ewing 

{( 

Nov.   7,  1861 

Promoted. 

Albert  G.  Merrill 

(( 

Sept.lo,  1862 

Declined  promotion. 

Wm.  E.  Parmelee,  jr 

** 

IS 

Aug.1.5,  1862 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Frank  R.  Reckard 

(< 

Jan.    7,  1803 

Promoted. 

William  A.  Ewing 

'* 

April  1.  1802 

Promoted. 

Albert  Reagler. 

t( 

May   9,  1804 

Mustered  out  with  Batterv. 

Lewis  B.  Maxwell 

i( 

May    2,  1805 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Silas  H.  Judson 

" 

Mav   2,  1865 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

William  H.  Perigo. 

4C 

Junel4,  1804 

Promoted. 

Philenzo  Norton 

Q.  M.  Sgt. 

21 

Sept.28,  1801 

Discharged  on  expiration  of  term. 

James  H.  Cooper 

** 

31 

Aug.  0,  1862 

Mustered  out  with  Batterv. 

Edward  Allen 

Sergeant. 

23 

Oct.  22,  1861 

Killed  at  the  battle  of  Port  Republic,  June  9,  I.S(;2. 

John  H.  Merrell 

ii 

20 

Sept.28,  1861 

Discharged  on  expiration  of  term. 

Luke  Carr ._ 

(( 

33 

Sept.28,  1801 

Discharijed  on  Surgeon's  certificate,  June  :',,  I.S05. 

^Michael  Best..     . 

<( 

23 

21 

Sept.28,  1861 
Sept.28,  180] 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 
Mustered  out  with  Batterv. 

John  E.  Wilcox 

Phil.  Simmons 

(i 

24 

Sept.28,  1861 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

William  D.  Mann 

Corporal. 

20 

Sept.28,  1801 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate,  June  9,  1802. 

George  I.  Cooper 

(i 

26 

Sept.28,  1801 

Discharged  on  expiration  of  term. 

John  W.  Horton 

t( 

25 

Feb.  27,  1864 

Discharged  to  accept  promotion  March  3,  1865. 

Alonzo  J.  Thompson 

.1 

22 

Nov.  5,  1801 

Discharged  to  accept  promotion,  .\ugust  7,  1863. 

William  II.  H.Smith... 

(( 

21 

Oct.  24,  1801 

Discharged  to  accept  promotion  Deccml)er  4,  I.S02. 

Samuel  W.  Cass.  . 

" 

22 

Sept.28,  1801 

Transferred  to  Signal  Corps. 

W.  D.  Perrin     _ 

(( 

20 

Nov.   4,  1861 

Killed  at  Cold  Harbor,  June  1,  isi;4. 

John  W.  Aikens 

(( 

27 

Sept.28,  1801 

Mu.stered  out  with  Battery. 

Jasper  Playden 

(( 

20 

Sept.2S,  1801 

Mustered  out  with  Batterv. 

George  Konimer. 

(( 

21 

Oct.  24,1861 

Mustered  out  w  ith  Battery. 

Cecil  A.  Hall 

18 
18 

Aug.   .5,1802 
Aug.  11, 1862 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 
Mastered  out  with  Battery. 

John  T.  Lucas..-.! 

Lemuel  H.  Hooker 

(t 

30 

Aug.  20, 1802 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Geo.  F.  Spencer 

(( 

21 

Aug.   5,1802 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

t4 


210 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Namei. 


John  L.  Wiltse 

Orin  C.  Dority 

J.  Lansing  Prav 

Herbert  H.  Walker.. 

Michael  G.  Tyler 

Ames,  Newton 

Aikens,  Alonzo  S 

Aikens,  Geo.  W 

Bemis,  Charles  S. 

Brown,  Wni.  J 

Bayliss,  Samuel 

firmer,  Joseph  H 

Briner,  Wm.  H 

Baker,  Frank 

Burt,  Theo 

Corlett,  Wm 

Cooper,  Amos  0 

Corser,  Charles  M 

Cass,  Wm.  H 

Cor.sou,  Robert 

Canfield,  Henry  C.__ 
Connor,  George  M._- 

Cotherall,  .Silas  J 

Cass,  Henry  A 

Cook,  .lames  I) 

Clark,  Wm.  R 

Cassady,  Geo.  A 

Demolt,  John 

Dodd,  Henry  W 

Davis,  Charles  F 

Davis,  Sylvester 

Doyle,  Michael  F 

Eaton,  Wm.  F 

Eddy,  N.  Bennett 

Edmonds,  John  N 

Fletcher,  Stillman 

Fitzgerald,  M 

Foreman,  Jacob 

Ferris,  Albert 

Fisher,  Louis 

Frish,  Mathias 

Furgerson,  Geo.  R 

Grover,  Eugene  W 

Goodrich,  Stephen 

Himmelspech,  C 

Holloway,  Geo.  W 

Hooker,  Geo 

Hetrick,  Thomas  C  -  _ 

Hill,  James  B 

Hopkins,  Edwin  P 

Hunker,  John  J 

Hutchinson,  Wm.  C_ 

Kidder,  AVm.  H 

Isham,  Henry 

Isham,   John. 

Jay,  Samuel 

Jacobs,  Lewis 

Jerome,  Samuel  C 

Jacobs,   Edward  D 

Jacobs,   Spencer 

Jacobs,  Gilbert 

Lewis,  Fred 

Lewis,  David 

Lewis,  Adelbert 

Lutz,  Nicholas 

Lewis,  Casper  F 

Lewis,  Wm 

Lee,   Martin 

Lockwood,  Noah  S 

Jerome,   S.  B 

Marston,  Edward  P 
McCord,  B.  F 


Sank. 


Corporal. 

It 

Bugler. 

Artificer. 
Private. 


21 
19 
25 
21 
25 
26 
21 
24 
20 
18 
33 
42 
19 
18 
33 
22 
18 
25 
20 
25 
28 
23 
22 
.30 
23 
19 
17 
21 
21 
21 
16 
18 
15 
IS 
23 
18 
20 
26 
37 
27 
17 
24 

21 
21 
18 
17 
IS 
24 
19 
19 
22 
20 
21 
24 
IS 
23 
24 
23 
32 
45 
25 
28 
18 
25 
IS 
20 
IS 
33 
27 
38 
20 


Date  of 

Entering  the 
Service. 


Aug.  6,1862 
Aug.  5,1862 
Sept.  28, 1861 
Aug.  6,1862 
Sept.  28,1861 
Sept.  28,1861 
Sept.  28,1861 
Sept.  28,1861 
Sept.  28,1861 
Nov.  5,  1861 
July  22,  1862 
Sept.  28,1861 
July  24,  1862 
Feb.  29,1864 
Jan.  24, 1864 
Sept.  28,1861 
Sept.  28,1861 
Sept.  28,1861 
Aug.  1,1862 
Dec.  17,  1861 
Feb.  28,1864 
Sept.  28,1861 
Sept.  28,1861 
Aug.  11,1862 
Feb.  3,1864 
Feb.  29,1864 
Nov.  11,1864 
Sept.  28,1861 
Oct.  26, 1861 
Aug.  9,1862 
Aug.  11,1862 
Feb.  29,1864 
Feb.  8,1864 
Feb.  16,1864 
Sept.  28,18(!1 
Aug.  6,1862 
Oct.  26,1864 
Oct.  19,  1864 
Aug.  11,1862 
Nov.  16,1864 
Nov.  17,1864 
Sept.  28,1861 
Sept.  28,1861 
Aug.  6,1862 
Sept.  28,1861 
July  26.1862 
Aug.  5,1862 
Feb.  8,1864 
Nov.  16,1864 
Oct.  26,  1861 
Oct.  21,1861 
Sept.  28, 1861 
Feb.  29, 1864 
Aug.  1,1862 
Aug.  5,  1865 
Feb.  13,1864 
Sept.  28, 1864 
Sept.  28, 1864 
Sept.  28, 1864 
Oct.  1.5,1861 
Oct.  15, 1861 
Oct.  29,1861 
Dec.  31,  1863 
Aug.  25, 1864 
Aug.  25, 1864 
Feb.  24,  1S64 
Feb.  27, 18(i4 
Feb.  29, 1864 
Aug.  11,1862 
Sept.  28, 1861 
Sept.  28, 1861 
Oct.  28,  1861 


Remarks. 


Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Transferred  to  Signal  Corps. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Died  June  5,  1.S63. 

Died  Februarj',  1864. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Discharged  at  expiration  of  term. 

Discharged  at  expiration  of  term. 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate,  December  26, 1862. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  \\\X\\  Battery. 

Blustered  out  with  l?attery. 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate,  July  1,  1863. 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate,  March  22,  1863. 

Died  of  wounds. 

Died  of  wounds,  August  2,  1864. 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate,  January  1,  1863. 

Discharged  to  accept  promotion. 

jNIustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

IMustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  \\'ith  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Discharged  at  expiration  of  term. 

Discharged  at  expiration  of  term. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Died  of  wounds  received  "at  Gettysburg. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Died  at  Annapolis,  August,  1863. 

Died  at  Annapolis,  August,  1863. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  tmt  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  nut  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Discharged  at  expiration  of  term. 

Mustered  out  v\ith  Battery. 

Mustered  out  \\itli  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Discharged  at  expiration  of  term. 

Transferred  to  Navy. 

Died. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  ^mi  with  Battery. 

Discharged  at  expiration  of  term. 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharged  at  expiration  of  term. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

IMustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Died  of  wounds. 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharge<l  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Discharged  at  expiration  of  term. 


THE    WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD  WORK. 


211 


K 

Dale  of 

Names, 

Rank. 

■? 

Entering  tlie 
Service. 

Remarks. 

Murphy,  Wm.  H 

Private. 

20 

Oct.   28,  1861 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Metzger,   Wm.  J 

" 

Ul 

Dec.  19,  1861 

Discliarged  at  expiration  of  term. 

i( 

18 

Aug.  6,  1862 
July  31,1862 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 
Musten^d  out  with  Battery. 

Morris,  CUirenoe 

u 

18 

Maguire,  John  T 

(( 

30 

Nov.   3,  1864 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Millbrandt,    Andrew 

28 

July  29, 1862 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

McMahon,    Edward 

it 

80 

Nov.    7,  1864 

Mustered  out  with  I?atterv. 

Majors,  Roval 

K 

19 

Aug.  22,  18(i4 

Clustered  out  with  Battery. 

Morgan,  Avery 

'' 

21 

Sept.  28, 1861 

Mustered  out  with  Batterv. 

INIoro^an    Albert 

" 

"0 

Sept.  28, 1861 
Jan.    2,  1864 

Transferred  to  \'etcrau  Keserve  Corps, 
ilustered  out  with  Battery. 

Norton,  Charles  ]\I 

" 

18 

Pierce,  Wm.  G 

(( 

21 

Feb.  12,  1862 

Discharged  on  account  of  wound. 

Radcliff,   Will 

il 

21 

Feb.  24,  1864 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Search,   Luther 

18 
19 

Jan.  29,  1864 
Feb.  16,  1864 

Killed. 
Died. 

Sibley,  Mark  E_       

Scott,  Albert  E 

U 

19 

Aug.  .■),  1862 

Mustered  out  witli  Battery. 

Starrin,    James  H 

(( 

IS 

Aug.  .5,  1862 

Mustereil  out  with  Battery. 

Snyder,  Geo.  R 

'' 

2.5 

Feb.    8.  1864 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Scouteii,    Albert 

ii 

20 

Feb.   8,  1864 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Stronj»",    Fred  0 

(t 

:i6 
18 

Feb.  23,  1864 
Dec.  17, 1863 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 
Mustered  out  with  Batterv. 

Starrin,  Alpheus 

Smith,  Thomas 

(( 

24 

Dec.  18,1863 

Mustereil  out  with  Battery. 

Stevens,  Henry  K 

(( 

29 

Nov.  23, 1864 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Schenck,  Charles 

(i 

23 

Nov.  16, 1864 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Starr,  John           .     _       _ 

a 

21 
28 
19 

Nov.  16, 1864 
Feb.   .5,  1864 
Sept.  29,  1864 

Mustereil  out  with  Battery. 
Mu.stered  out  with  Battery. 
Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Taylor,  Amos  C  .   _ 

Tourtellotte,  E.   E 

Wilson,    Oliver  C 

" 

20 

July  31,1862 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Waldroff,  John. 

25 
22 

Aug.  6,  1862 
Aug.   6,  1862 

Mustei-ed  out  with  Battery. 
Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Warren,  Oscar 

Woodward,  Henry  F 

il 

16 

Aug.   6,  1862 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Vanness,  Jacob  M 

11 

38 

Aug.   7,  1862 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Visher,   Edward  E 

it 

20 

Feb.  22,  1864 

Mustered  out  with  Battery. 

Brice,  Harlow  J 

li 

Oct.  __,  1861 

Waldman,   Jacob 

" 

23 

Nov.   1,  1861 

Wall,  James 

(( 

21 

Oct.  21,1861 

TWENTY-FIEST  OHIO  INDEPENDENT  BATTERY. 


The  Twenty-First  Battery  was  mustered  into  the 
United  States  service  April  29,  1863.  May  8th  fol- 
lowing, Captain  Patterson,  with  four  guns,  was  sent 
to  West  Virginia,  where  he  took  an  active  and  ardu- 
ous part  in  military  operations  in  that  section,  when 
he  returned  to  Camp  Dennison.  May  20th,  the  Bat- 
tery left  Cincinnati,  per  Gunboat  Exchange,  as  guard 
to  Clement  L.  Vallandigham  of  Ohio,  who,  under  sen- 
tence of  a  Court  Martial,  approved  by  President  Lin- 
coln, had  been  banished  to  the  Rebel  States.  It 
proceeded  as  far  as  Louisville  in  such  service,  when 
it  was  brought  back  to  Camp  Dennison.  Here  the 
Battery  remained  until  John  Morgan  crossed  the 
Ohio  into  Indiana,  when  it  was  taken  to  Madison,  in 
that  State,  where  four  of  its  guns  were  placed  on 
board  steamers,  to  serve  as  patrol  of  the  Ohio  Kiver. 
In  this  way  the  pursuit  of  Morgan  was  materially 
aided,  the  boats  keeping  close  along  with  the  pur- 
suing Cavalry  throughout. 

Septeml)er  22, 1863,  the  Battery  started  for  Camp 
Nelson,  Kentucky.  Thence,  October  1st,  it  proceeded 
to  Gnienville,  Tennessee,  and  was  kept  actively  at 
work  through  the  roughest  portions  of  that  State  until 


January  16,  1864.  At  Walker's  Ford,  December  2, 
1863,  it  took  prominent  part  in  the  fight,  doing  valua- 
ble service  on  the  ranks  of  the  Rebels.  From  that 
time  until  the  close  of  the  War,  the  Battery  was  on 
duty  in  Tennessee  and  Alabama,  chiefly  in  guarding 
important  fords  and  Railroad  lines.  July  21,  186.'), 
it  returned  to  Camp  Taylor,  near  Cleveland,  Ohio, 
where  it  was  paid  off  and  mustered  out  of  service. 

ROSTER,  THREE  YEARS'  SERVICE. 


Name  and  Rank. 

Date 

of  Sank 

Remarks. 

Captain — 

James  W.  Patterson.. 

Nov. 

13,1862 

Res.  Mav  9.  1864. 

James  N.  Walley 

May 

2.5, 1864 

M.  O.July  21, '6.5. 

1st  Lieutenant — 

James  N.  Walley 

Jan. 

7,  1863 

Pro.  to  Cajitain. 

Harrison  L.  Holloway 

Nov. 

19,1862 

Res.  Dec.  2:'.,  181)3 

Wm.  H.  H.  Smith __.. 

Feb. 

18,  18(>4 

M.o.  Julv22,'(i5. 

John  M.  Raymond 

Mav 

2.5,  1864 

Died  Nov.  18,'()3. 

2d  Lieutenant— 

Wm.  H.  II.  Smith.... 

Nov 

9,  1862 

Pro.  to  1st  Lieut. 

John  M.  Ravniond 

Jan. 

7,  1863 

I'ro.  to  1st  Lieut. 

Wm.  D.  Mann 

Feb. 

18,  1864 

M.o.  July  21, '(i5 

212 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


THIED   EEGIMENT,   OHIO    VOLUNTEER    CAVALEY. 


This  Eegiment  was  organized  in  September, 
18(11,  at  Camp  Worcester,  Monrocville,  Huron 
County,  and  January  14,  18()2,  moved  to  Camp 
Dennison.  In  February  it  proceeded  to  Jef- 
fersonville,  Indiana,  and  tbence  to  Nashville, 
Tennessee,  arriving  there  March  18th,  and 
leaving  on  the  29th  for  Pittsburg  Landing.  On 
the  march  (April  4th)  General  Buell  detached 
the  P'irst  Battalion,  sending  it  to  Lawrence- 
burg,  Tennessee,  against  Biffle's  Eebel  Cavalry, 
which  was  met  and  driven  from  the  town.  The 
Battalion  rejoined  the  Eegiment  at  Savannah, 
whence  that  force  moved  in  advance  of  Buell's 
Army,  reaching  Pittsburg  Landing  April  25th, 
going  into  camp  four  miles  from  the  Eiver. 
May  4th  the  First  Battalion  went  an  recon- 
noissance,  marching  as  far  as  Monterey,  and 
was  ordered  to  cross  Chamber's  Creek,  where 
the  enemy  was  met  and  driven  back  to  its 
main  force.  The  Eegiment  then  moved  within 
10  miles  of  Corinth,  where  a  brisk  enagement 
took  place  between  the  First  Battalion  and  a 
Rebel  force,  resulting  in  the  retirement  of  the 
Battalion.  May  27th  the  Eegiment  discovered 
the  enemy  in  force  on  the  railroad  west  of 
Corinth,  engaged  and  routed  them. 

June  1,  1862,  the  First  Battalion  was  de- 
tached to  join  General  T.  J.  Wood's  Division, 
leaving  the  balance  of  the  Eegiment  at  Cor- 
inth. The  Eegiment  was  re-united  June  19th, 
at  Tuscumbia,  lying  there  in  camp  until  the 
30th,  when  it  went  to  Mooresville,  via  Court- 
land  and  Decatur.  It  lay  thei'e  until  Julj- 9th, 
when  the  Second  and  Third  Battalions  were 
ordered  to  Woodville,  30  miles  east  of  Hunts- 
ville.  July  13tb  the  First  Battalion  marched 
to  Huntsville,  going  into  camp  there  on  the 
14th.  On  the  15th  the  Battalion  went  to 
Shelbyville,  to  defend  that  Town  from  appre- 
hended attack;  and  on  the  18tli  returned  to 
Winchester.  July  29th,  Major  Foster,  with  the 
Battalion  and  two  companies  of  Infantry,  went 
to  Salem,  and  there  captured  from  the  enemy 
89  head  of  cattle. 

Leaving  Winchester  August  14th,  the  Divi- 
sion and  Eegiment  moved  to  McMinnville,  via 
Manchester.  On  the  29th  the  Fir.st  Battalion 
was  ordered  to  cross  the  Cumbei-land  Mountains 
to  Dunlap,  to  ascertain  the"  enemy's  jjosition. 
On  the  way  Eebel  messengers  were  captured, 
bearing   dispatches   from   Bragg   to    Wheeler, 


then  north  of  McMinnville.  The  force  then 
returned  to  its  Division.  September  3d  the 
Division  marched  to  Nashville,  arriving  there 
the  6th,  and  the  7th  marched  to  Gallatin. 
Leaving  that  point  on  the  9th  on  a  forced 
march  for  Bowling  Green,  Kcntuckj-,  to  get 
there  ahead  of  Bragg's  forces,  it  arrived  there 
on  the  10th,  after  marching  34  miles  f>er  day. 
The  16th  it  marched  for  Munfordsville,  en- 
camjjing  at  Cave  City  the  20th.  On  the  21st 
the  First  Battalion  had  a  sharp  engagement  at 
Munfordsville  with  a  Eebel  force  three  times 
its  number,  and  in  three  charges  drove  them 
into  their  works,  losing  two  killed  and  12 
wounded,  while  the  enemy  lost  38  killed  and 
60  wounded.  Among  the  Eebel  killed  was 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Brown.  September  22d,the 
Division  marched  for  Louisville,  arriving  on 
the  25th.  October  1st  the  pursuit  of  Bragg's 
Army  was  resumed,  and  near  Beardstown  the 
First  Battalion  of  the  Third  Cavalry,  re-enforced 
by  two  Companies  of  Second  and  Third  Ken- 
tucky Cavalrj',  attacked  the  enemy  1,200 
strong,  but  without  success,  losing  .six  killed, 
20  wounded  and  17  captured.  Major  Foster 
being  among  the  disabled. 

The  Second  and  Third  Battalions,  under 
Colonel  Zahm,  during  a  portion  of  the  Summer 
of  1862,  were  stationed  at  Woodville,  Alabama, 
guarding  a  railroad.  Eepeated  attacks  by 
Eebel  guerrillas  made  this  duty  one  of  great 
activity  and  fatigue.  An  expedition  under 
Major  Paramore,  to  Guntersviile,  on  the  Ten- 
nessee, resulted  in  driving  the  Eebel  guerrillas 
from  that  section,  with  a  loss  to  the  command 
of  six  men  killed  and  several  wounded,  the 
enemy  suffering  more  severely'.  For  about 
four  months  this  portion  of  the  Eegiment  was 
daih^  engaged  in  scouting  and  skirmishing 
with  the  enemj'. 

The  Second  and  Third  Battalions  were  now 
attached  to  the  Second  Brigade  of  Cavalry, 
under  Colonel  Lewis  Zahm,  and  went  into 
camp  at  Murfreesboro,  Tennessee.  This  Brig- 
ade formed  the  rear  guard  of  Buell's  Army, 
and  guarded  its  transportation  in  the  pursuit 
of  Bragg  to  Louisville.  Colonel  Zahm  was 
highly-  complimented  by  General  Buell  for  his 
tact  in  bringing  his  trains  safely  through.  At 
Shelbyville  the  Brigade  engaged  the  advance 
of  Cavalry  of  Colonel    Smith's   Eebel  Arm^-, 


THE  WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION  ~  FIELD   WORK. 


213 


drove  them  from  the  Town,  capturing  many 
prisoners.     During  the  battle  of  Perryville  the 
Third  Cavalry  was  engaged  with  the  enemy  at 
the  fording  of  the  Kentucky  Eiver  near  Paris; 
and  after  that  battle  it  went  into  camp  near 
Danville.     October  19th  a  detachment  of  the 
Regiment  under  Major  Ciiarles  Seidel,  with  a 
portion  of  Fourth  Oliio   Cavalry,  in  all  num- 
bering 250,  was  sent,  under  special  orders  from 
General  McCook,  to  escort  special  couriers  to 
Lexington  and  Covington,  a  forced  march  of 
40   miles.     The  force  encamped  near  the  old 
plantation    of  Henry    Clay    at    Ashland.     At 
daylight,  October  20th,   the  camp   was  com- 
pletely surrounded    by  John   Morgan's   force, 
and  made  desperate  resistance,  but  wore  com- 
])olled   to   yield   to    superior   numbers.     After 
being   stripped    of   their   valuables    and    dis- 
mounted, they  were  immediately'  paroled,  sent 
into   the   Union    lines   and    thence   to    Camp 
Chase,  Ohio.     Private  Thomas  Crofts,  in  a  let- 
ter to  his  parents,   stated  that  in  the  tight  he 
was   not   more  than   50  feet   from   the   Eebel 
ranks.     Nearly  everv  horse  in   the  Company 
was    killed   or    disabled.     Edwin   B.    Carr,  of 
East  Toledo,  and  Charles  H.  Colerain^  of  To- 
ledo, and  F.  M.  Kent,  of  Bryan,  were  killed  in 
battle.     The  forces   engaged  were    250  Union 
Cavalrj',  and  Morgan's  3,400  men  and  eight 
mountain    howitzers.     The    number   of    men 
paroled    was    198,   beside    officers.     After    the 
surrender  Private  Weis,  of  the  Third  Cavalry, 
asked  to  be  shown  General  Morgan,  when  one 
among  the  Rebels  wa.s  ])ointed  out  as  the  man. 
Whereupon  Weis  at  once  drew  up  his  carbine, 
and,  before  he  could  be  disarmed,  took  aim  and 
shot  down  the  supposed  guerrilla  leader,  who 
proved   to   be  Charlton  Morgan,  a  cousin    of 
John.     Weis   was   immediately    killed   by  the 
infuriate  Rebels. 

The  remaining  portion  of  the  two  Battalions 
moved  from  Danville  to  Bowling  Green,  and 
were  stationed  on  the  Railroad,  with  head- 
quarters at  Fountain-Head  Station.  Morgan's 
force  then  occupied  Gallatin.  Colcyiel  Zalim 
ordered  out  a  detachment  on  a  reeonnoissance 
toward  Gallatin,  to  learn  tlie  enemy's  strength 
and  position,  when  Rebel  pickets  were  cap- 
tured and  the  required  information  obtained. 
Tlie  next  morning  Morgan's  camp  was  at- 
tacked and  his  camp  equipage  and  a  large 
number  of  prisoners  captured,  Morgan  hastily 
retreating  across  the  Cumberland  to  Lebanon, 


Tennessee.  Here  after  a  separation  of  seven 
months,  the  throe  Battalions  of  the  Third 
Cavalry  met  under  novel  circumstances.  Col- 
onel Zahm,  not  aware  that  the  First  Battalion 
was  in  the  vicinitj-,  on  approaching  (iallatin 
from  the  North,  was  attacked  by  a  Cavalry 
force  which  turned  out  to  be  his  own  First 
Battalion,  which  mistake  was  probably  the 
cause  of  Morgan's  escape  and  the  failure  of 
the  expedition,  the  firing  between  the  two 
forces  giving  him  notice  of  the  presence  of 
Union  troops. 

From  Gallatin  the  Regiment  moved  to  Harts- 
ville,    Tennessee,   there  going  into  cam]).     A 
detachment,  under  Captain  E.  M.  Colver,  went 
up  the   Cumberland   River  to   Carthago  to  in- 
tercept a  large  drove  of  mules  and  Rebel  stores  ; 
and  after  a  chase  of  26  miles — fording  the  River 
four  times — the}-  captured  the  train  and  drove 
otf  146  mules,  killing  three  and  capturing  17 
of  the  Rebel  escort,  including  two  quartermas- 
ters and  a  paymaster.     In  December  this  ])or- 
tion  of  the  Regiment  moved  to  near  Nashville 
and  were   incorporated   into  the  Second  Brig- 
ade of  Cavalry,  First  Cavalry  Corps,  Army  of 
the  Cumberland,  under  General  D.  S.  Stanley. 
The  First  Battalion  of  the  Third  now  rejoined 
the  Regiment.     December  26th  the  Regiment 
moved  up  with  its  Brigade  and  took  position  on 
the  extreme  right  of  Rosecrans's  Army,  near 
Franklin.     On  the  27th  an  attack  was  made  on 
Franklin,  resulting  in  completely  routing  the 
Rebel  force  remaining  at  that  place.     On  the 
28th  the  Brigade  engaged  the  enemy  on  Wil- 
kerson  Turni^ike   beyond  Triune,  and    drove 
them  with  severe  loss,  the  Brigade  losing  a  few 
prisoners.     At  2  A.  m.,  December  31st,  the  First 
Battalion,    being    on    picket    dutj-,    apprised 
Colonel  Zahm  of  the  advance  of  Bragg's  Rebel 
forces.     At  four  o'clock  the  skirmish-line  was 
driven  in  and  the  Brigade  attacked  hy  Wheel- 
er's Rebel  Cavalry.     After  two  hours'  fighting, 
the   enemy,  through    superiority   of  numbers, 
forced  the  main  portion  of  the  Brigade  from  the 
field,  that  command  suff'ering  severely  in  both 
officers  and   men.     The   enemy  had   captured 
McCook's  Coi-ps  ammunition-train,  wlien  the 
Second  and  Third  Battalions,  Third  Oiiio,  after 
withstanding  the  shock  of  battle,  remained  at 
their  posts,  made  a  gallant  dash  and  recaptured 
the    train,    killing   a    number    of  Rebels  and 
horses,  and  taking  140  prisoners.     On  that  daj- 
the  Regiment  lost  13  men  killed  and  a   large 


214 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


luimbor  wounded.  Jauuai-y  1,  1863,  the  Third 
Cavalry  bore  an  active  part  in  escorting  a  train 
of  4,000  wagons  fi-om  Franklin  for  Nashville, 
in  doing  which  fierce  contests  occurred  with 
Wheeler's  Rebel  Cavalry. 

After  the  battle  of  Stone  River,  the  Third 
Cavahy  was  sent  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy,  and 
near  Middleton,  Tennessee,  attacked  his  rear- 
guard and  captured  one  of  his  trains.  While 
in  camp  at  Murfreesboro,  a  detachment  of  the 
Third  Battalion,  while  on  a  scout,  under  Lieu- 
tenant F.  Bernard,  was  surrounded  by  Rebels, 
when  they  cut  their  way  out,  with  slight  loss, 
and  taking  with  them  a  number  of  jirisoners. 
About  that  time  the  Regiment  was  in  affairs  at 
Milton,  Liberty,  Readyville,  Franklin,  Snow 
Hill,  Smithville,  Auburn,  Manchester  and  Mc- 
Minnville,  suffering  in  men  killed  and  wounded 
and  loss  of  horses. 

The  Regiment  bore  an  active  part  in  the  ad- 
vance of  Rosecrans's  Array  from  Murfreesboro, 
in  July,  1863.  During  the  battle  of  Chicka- 
mauga,  it  was  at  Lafayette,  where  it  was  at- 
tacked and  forced  back  to  Charleston,  Tennes- 
see. After  the  battle,  the  Third  Cavalry  moved 
as  the  advance  of  General  Crook's  forces  in 
pursuit  of  Wheeler's  Cavalry,  with  which  a 
handsome  and  successful  fight  took  place  at 
Farmington,  the  enemy  being  completely 
routed,  with  loss  of  large  numbers  in  killed  and 
captured.  The  Third  Cavalry  lost  two  men 
killed  and  23  captured.  In  November,  1863, 
a  portion  of  the  Regiment,  under  Colonel  Seidel, 
scouted  through  the  mountains  of  East  Ten- 
nessee. Another  detachment,  under  Captain 
Richard  D.  Wood,  was  engaged  about  Dalton, 
Georgia,  when  Ca^Jtain  Wood  was  killed.  About 
this  time  an  incident  occurred  which  illustrates 
both  the  character  of  the  guerrilla  warfare 
which  the  Union  troops  were  called  to  meet  and 
the  spirit  and  manner  in  which  it  was  met. 
The  circumstances  of  the  incident  were  given 
at  the  time,  as  follows : 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Howland  was  then  Post  Com- 
mander at  Decherd,  Tennessee.  A  band  of  about  50 
guerrillas  suddenly  pounced  on  a  Union  man's  store 
at  Winchester,  three  miles  West,  completely  empty- 
ing it  of.iits  contents,  which  afforded  a  handsome 
prize  to  them.  As  soon  as  word  of  the  robbery  was 
received  at  Decherd,  a  detail  from  the  Third  Cavalry 
was  sent  after  the  plunderers  ;  but  in  consequence  of 
deceptive  information  given  of  the  route  taken  by 
them,  they  escaped.  Not  long  afterwards,  a  force, 
increased  to  150,  appeared  in  the  neighborhood,  when 


Lieutenant-Colonel  Howland  sent  Company  A,  Cap- 
tain Terry,  and  Company  F.  Captain  George  Williams, 
of  Fremont,  in  pursuit  of  them.  Coming  in  sight  of 
them,  the  scamps,  using  spurs  instead  of  weapons, 
incontinently  fled.  The  race  was  a  hard  one,  during 
which  Captain  Williams  was  thrown  by  his  horse  and 
disabled,  but  Captain  Terry  and  15  men  soon  over- 
took GO  of  them,  including  Colonel  Holman,  the  Rebel 
officer  in  command.  The  enemy  made  a  stand  to  re- 
ceive their  pursuers ;  on  perceiving  which  Captain 
Terry  called  on  his  men  to  prepare  for  a  sabre-charge, 
which  was  no  sooner  said  than  done,  when  the  Rebel 
force  of  four  times  their  number  wheeled  and  ran, 
again  pursued  by  the  little  band.  It  happened  that 
Colonel  Holman's  more  immediate  pursuer  w'as  Ser- 
geant Paul  Deal,  of  Fremont,  and  of  Captain  Wil- 
liams's Company.  The  race  between  these  was  long 
and  earnest.  The  speed  of  their  horses  was  very 
nearly  equal,  and  although  Deal  got  so  near  he  could 
touch  Holman,  he  could  not  get  near  enough  to  hit 
him  a  fair  blow.  While  thus  near,  and  both  horses 
at  their  highest  speed,  the  Rebel  Colonel  drew  his 
revolver  and  turning  around  in  his  saddle  tired  three 
times  at  Deal,  the  latter  each  time  parrying  the 
weapon  with  his  sabre  so  as  to  divert  the  shot  and 
save  himself  from  injury.  Finally,  Holman  and  several 
others  of  the  band  were  captured  and  returned  to 
Decherd.  The  Rebel  leader  was  warm  in  his  admi- 
ration of  Sergeant  Deal,  pronouncing  him  the  bravest 
and  coolest  man  he  had  met,  and  insistingthat  his  ( Hol- 
man's) revolver  should  be  presented  to  Deal  and  he 
be  promoted.  These  suggestions  were  so  just,  that 
they  were  strictly  carried  out,  and  Sergeant  Deal  re- 
turned to  Ohio  with  Holman's  revolver,  and  on  ar- 
riving at  Columbus  received  a  Lieutenant's  commis- 
sion for  his  gallantry. 

In  January,  1864,  while  at  Pulaski,  Tennessee, 
the  Third  Cavalry  re-enlisted.  Of  the  original 
1,300,  only  400  effective  men  were  then  left. 
On  the  4th  of  February,  it  left  Nashville  for 
Ohio,  reaching  Camp  Worcester,  Monroeville, 
after  an  absence  of  two  years.  Of  the  Company 
which  left  Toledo,  only  30  returned,  many  of 
them  being  on  detached  service  when  these  left 
Nashville.  Owing  to  a  misunderstanding  as  to 
the  time  of  their  arrival  at  Toledo,  the  contem- 
plated reception  of  the  Veterans  did  not  take 
place ;  but  impromptu  steps  were  taken  by 
the  Mayor ;  a  dinner  was  provided  at  the 
McKenster  House ;  a  procession  of  citizens 
escoi'ted  the  heroes  to  the  hotel,  where  the 
dinner  was  partaken  of. 

March  2,  1864,  its  furlough  having  expired, 
the  Third  Cavalry  re-assembled  at  Monroeville, 
with  nearly  1,000  recruits  secured  for  it,  and 
making  its  total  force  over  1,500  men.  Pro- 
ceeding again  to  the  field,  it  was  re-equipped 


THE  WAR  OF   THE  REBELLION— FIELD   WORK. 


215 


and  went  into  eamj:)  at  Columbia,  Tennessee, 
with  charge  of  the  line  of  road  from  Nashville 
to  Iluntsville.  About  the  1st  May,  a.s  part  of 
Long's  Second  Brigade  of  Cavahy,  at  Decatur, 
and  also  at  Courtland, -Alabama,  the  Kegiinent 
was  engaged  with  the  Rebel  General  Eoddcy's 
command,  which  was  routed,  with  the  loss  of  a 
Lieutenant-Colonel,  a  Major  and  upwards  of  30 
men  killed  and  wounded.  At  Moulton,  Ala- 
bama, the  Regiment  was  attacked  by  the  same 
force  in  camp  before  daylight ;  and  although 
partly  surprised  it  rallied,  drove  the  enemy 
from  the  field  with  slaughter,  and  jJursued  it, 
capturing  25  or  30  prisoners.  At  Rome,  it  was 
given  position  on  the  left  flank  of  Sherman's 
Army,  and  participated  in  the  engagements  at 
Etowah,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Noonday  Creek, 
and  the  crossing  of  the  Chattahoochie  River. 
Being  sent  to  Roswell,  Georgia,  to  destroy  Rebel 
stores  and  factories,  it  there  captured  400  fac- 
tory-girls, who  were  sent  through  the  linos  by 
General  Sherman.  At  McAfee  Bridge  (or 
Shakerock),  July  9th,  four  Companies  of  the 
Regiment,  under  command  of  CajJtain  E.  M. 
Colver,  engaged  a  superior  force  of  Texan 
Cavalry,  killing  a  Lieutenant  and  seven  men  and 
capturing  prisoners  and  horses.  Subsequentlj' 
the  Regiment  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Peach- 
tree  Creek  and  Decatur,  and  in  raids  to  Cov- 
ington and  Stone  Mountain.  In  the  Kilpatrick 
raid,  the  Third  Cavalry  was  with  the  Brigade 
in  the  advance  to  the  rear  of  Atlanta,  and 
destroyed  a  portion  of  the  Railroad  from  Atlanta 
to  West  Point,  losing  thereby  48  men.  It  also 
took  part  in  the  Stoneman  raid,  under  General 
Kenner  Garrard.  In  each  of  these  raids  it 
suffered  severely.  In  the  flanking  movement 
on  Jonesboro,  the  Regiment  was  in  Garrard's 
Division  of  Cavalry.  After  the  occupation  of 
Atlanta,  it  went  into  camp  near  Decatur, 
Georgia,  and   when    Hood's   dash    was    made, 


the   Regiment  was  sent  in    ])ui-suit   as    far   as 
Gadson. 

In  the  first  battle  of  Franklin,  the  Regiment 
was  on  the  left  of  Thomas's  forces,  and  was 
engaged  with  the  Rebel  Cavalry.  A  portion 
of  the  Regiment  was  engagetl  in  the  battle 
before  Nashville.  After  Hootl's  retreat,  it  fol- 
lowed him  across  the  Tennessee  into  Alabama. 
It  was  then  engaged  in  the  Wilson  raid  through 
Alabama  and  Georgia  ;  and  in  the  battles  of 
Selraa  and  Montgomery,  Alabama ;  and  of 
Macon  and  Griftin,  Georgia.  In  the  capture  of 
Selma,  Captain  Archibald  J.  Eyster,  now  of 
Toledo,  was  in  command  of  the  advance-guard. 
Tiie  Rebel  defense  consisted  of  6,000  troops  in- 
side fortifications.  General  Forrest  being  in 
command.  The  assault  was  made  by  1,G00 
Union  Cavalry  under  Colonel  Long,  command- 
ing the  Division.  Lieutenant-Colonel  II.  N. 
Howland,  of  Third  Ohio,  commanded  the  Second 
Brigade.  He  subsequently  was  made  Colonel 
and  Brigadier-General  by  brevet.  The  Regiment 
also  took  part  in  the  chase  after  Jeff.  Davis,  in 
Wilson's  command,  in  which  pursuit  a  detach- 
ment went  through  to  the  Gulf  At  Selma  it  lost 
heavily  in  killed  and  wounded.  Lieutenant  D. 
C.  Lewis  and  other  officers  were  taken  prison- 
ers. Lieutenant  Lewis,  afterwards  paroled, 
was  killed  bj'tlie  explosion  of  the  boiler  of  the 
Steamer  Sultana,  near  Mem])his.  At  Macon, 
Georgia,  while  on  duty,  Captain  J.  S.  Clock  was 
murdered  by  one  of  the  Fourth  United  States 
Cavalry. 

Under  orders  from  General  Geo.  H.  Thomas, 
the  Third  Cavalry  turned  over  its  horses  and 
arms  at  Macon,  and  was  then  ordered  to  report 
at  Nashville  for  muster  out.  Proceeding  home 
via  Louisville,  the  Regiment  reached  Camp 
Chase,  where  it  was  paid  off  and  discharged 
August  14,  1865,  after  an  active  and  efficient 
service  of  four  years,  lacking  20  days. 


ROSTER,   THREE   YEARS'   SERVICE. 

[Note— This  list  is  intended  to  give  only  the  names  of  Regimental  oflicers,  and  of  meniliers  of  Company  C, 
from  Lucas  County.] 


NairiR. 

Ranlt. 

Date  of  Bank. 

Rcmarke. 

Lewis  Zahm 

Colonel. 
Lieut.  Colonel. 

Aug.    6,1861 
Jan.    5,  1863 
Aug.  1,  1863 
April  8,  1865 
Oct.  10,  1861 
June  17, 1803 
Nov.  23, 1863 

Honorably  discharged  Jan.  5,  1863. 

Dismissed  July,  1863. 

Mustered  out  at  expiration  of  service. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Resigned  June  7,  1863. 

Promoted  to  Colonel. 

Promoted  to  Colonel. 

James  W.  Paramore 

Chas.  B.  Seidel 

Horace  N.  Howland 

Douglas  A.  Murray 

Chas.  B.  Seidel 

Horace  N.  Howland 

216 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Name. 


Darius  E.  Livermorc 

John  H.  Foster 

James  \V.  Parauiore 

James  S.  Busbin 

Chas.  B.  Seiclel 

Horace  N.  Howland 

Chas.  VV.  Skinner 

Leonard  Adams 

Thos.  D.  McClelland 

Darius  E.  Livermore 

Francis  P.  Gates 

Martin    Archer 

Oliver  M.  Brown 

Seymour  B.  Coe 

M."C.  Cuykendall 

AV.  B.  Boyd 

S.  F.  Selby 

John  K.  Moore 

John  G.  Bingham 

W.  B.  Boyd 

W.  N.  Bickett 

E.  Y.  Warner 

Benj.  F.  W.  Cozier =... 

Horace  N.  Howland 

Oliver  M.  Brown 

Henry  Streicher 

Orange  H.  Howland 

Christopher  C.  Clay 

Calvin  S.  Kimball 

Reed  Y.  Boice 

Jonathan  B.  Bliven 

Oliver  M.  Brown 

Henrj-  Streicher 

Orange  H.  Howland 

Reed  V.  Boice 

Christopher  C.  Clay 

Calvin  S.  Kimball 

George  H.  Frent 

Oliver  M.  Brown 

Henry  Streicher 

Orange  H.  Howland 

Christopher  C.  Clay 

Calvin  S.  Kimball 

George  H.  Frent 

Francis  C.  Dodge 


Lient.  Colonel. 
Major. 


Hank. 


Surgeon. 
Asst.  Surgeon 


Chaplain. 
Captain. 


1st  Lieutenant. 


Date  of  Bank. 


2d  Lieutenant, 


Semarks. 


April  8,  1865 
Sept.  13,1861 
Sept.  27,1861 
Dec.  12,  1861 
Jan.  16,  1862 
Jan.  5,  1863 
Feb.  14,  1863 
June  7, 1863 
Dec.  8,  1863 
Nov.  30, 1864 
Nov.  30, 1864 
Nov.  .30, 1864 
April  8,  186.5 
Aug.  2,  1865 
Oct.  28,1861 
Dec.  1,  1864 
Nov.  4,  1861 
Aug.  19, 181)2 
Nov.  5,1863 
Mar.  24, 1864 
Mar.  30, 1864 
Sept.  25, 1861 
May  9,1864 
Aug.  15, 1861 
Aug.  19,  1863 
July  13, 1864 
Nov.  30, 1864 
Nov.  .30, 1864 
Feb.  23,  1865 
Aug.  2,1865 
Aug.  24, 1861 
July  10,  1862 
Feb.  1,  1863 
Mar.  31,1864 
Nov.  30, 1864 
July  13, 1864 
Nov.  30, 1864 
Feb.  23, 1865 
Aug.  16, 1861 
May  16,  1862 
July  20, 1862 
Feb.  4,  1864 
Mar.  31, 1864 
Nov.  30, 1864 
Nov.  30, 1864 


Clustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Resigned  February  14,  1863. 

I'romoted  to  Colonel. 

Declined. 

Promoted  to  Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Promoted  to  Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Resigned  September  10,  1864. 

Mustered  out  November  23,  1864. 

Mustered  out  November  23, 1864. 

Promoted  to  Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Transferred  to  V.  S.  Colored  Troops. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment  as  Captain. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment  as  Captain. 

Mustered  out. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Resigned  Nov.  5,  1863. 

Mustered  out  (supernumerary)  December,  1862. 

Declined. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon. 

^Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Resigned  August  1,  1862. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Promoted  to  Major. 

Promoted  to  Major. 

Declined. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment. 

Commission  revoked. 

Mustered  out  with  Regiment  as  1st  Lieutenant. 

Resigned  December  22, 1862. 

Promoted  to  Captain. 

IMu.stered  out. 

Promoted  to  Captain. 

Promoted  to  Captain. 

Promoted  to  Captain. 

Promoted  to  Captain. 

Resigned  June  6.  1865. 

Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant. 

Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant. 

Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant. 

Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant. 

Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant. 

Promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant. 

Mustered  out  ]May  29,  1865. 


COMPANY   C. 


NarMS. 

Rank. 

53) 

Date  of 

Entering  the 

Service. 

Remarks. 

Horace  N.  Howland 

Jonathan  B.  Bliven 

Barnard  W.  Dolan 

John  B.  Donahue 

Austin  B.  Conant 

George  J.  Miller 

Lewis  Fisher  _ 

Captain. 

1st  Lieut. 
1st  Sergt. 
Q.  M.  Sgt. 
Com.  Sgt. 
Sergeant. 

Corporal. 

11 
11 

Private. 

11 

11 

35 

'33" 
22 
25 
23 
21 
18 
18 
18 
35 
IS 
18 
18 
21 
18 
18 
19 
44 

Aug.l5,  1861 
Aug.24,  1861 
Sept.  6,  1861 
Aug.26,  1861 
Aug.24,  1861 
Aug.23,  1861 
Aug.21,  1861 
Aug.28,  1861 
Jan.  19,  1804 
Aug.28.  1861 
Dec.  26,  1863 
Feb.  13,  1864 
Feb.  18,  1864 
Dec.  24,  1863 
Dec.  21,  1863 
Feb.  20,  1864 
Dec.    1,  1863 
Dec.  24.  1863 
Dec.  29;  1863 

Promoted  to  Major. 

Discharged. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Detached. 

Wounded;  mustered  out. 

William  H.  Dustin 

Orrin  Burr 

William  F.  Bradley 

Orrin  Buzzell  _ 

Isaac  Whitson, 

Mustered  out  with  company. 
Clustered  out  with  company. 
Musterrd  out  with  company. 
Mustired  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
JIustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 

Charles  0.  Brown 

Hovt  B.Pike.          —      . 

Joseph  Meirhoflfer 

Albert  Alden_ 

John  Albert  _ 

Frederick  Barnes 

Edward  Burke.     _. 

THE  WAR  OF   THE  REBELLION—  FIELD    WORK. 


217 


ij 

Bate  0/ 

Namm. 

Rank. 

^ 

■^ 

Entering  the 
Servke. 

Retnarks. 

Thomas  Biggs 

Private. 

18 

Dec.  26,  1863 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

John  Broadbeck 

(( 

2^ 

June27,  18(>3 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

August  Bissell 

<i 

37 

Sept.  3,  1863 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Henr)'  Cook 

i( 

21 

Aug.20,  1861 
Dec   14   1863 

Promoted  to  Sergeant. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 

Peter  Chikey 

11 

21 

John  Conrad 

(, 

34 

Jnn      S    l>s(!4 

Benj.  F.  Dustin 

(( 

28 

Jan.    2,  1865 

Francis  B.  Dustin 

ti 

31 

Jan.    2,  1865 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Walter  Dustin 

a 

19 

Ant' '^li   isiiS 

Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with'company. 

Robert  M.  Davis 

ti 

40 

Aug.l5,  1861 

Lewis  Dawes 

(( 

35 

Get    •~'7    1 864 

Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 

James  Foley 

(> 

29 

Sept.  8,  1863 
Nov.  2,  1861 

Jacob  Gordinier 

(( 

24 

Ell  Gyor 

" 

18 

Dec  10  1863 

Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 

John  Greenwood 

(C 

27 

Dec.  15,  1863 

John  R.  Green 

(( 

44 

Sept.  3,  1862 

Mustered  out;  absent  sick. 

Albert  Hancock 

a 

19 

Mar.   1,  18()4 

.Mustered  out  with  company. 

Charles  Hatfield 

It 

28 

Jan.    9,  1864 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Samuel  H.  Hess 

" 

25 

Sept.  7,  1861 

Wounded;  in  hospital. 

Philip  Kreider 

it 

41 

Aug.28,  1861 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Ilirani  Lenhart 

ii 

30 

Aug.20,  1861 

Mustered  out  w^ith  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 

William  A.  Lawrence. -_ 

" 

44 

Aug.26,  1861 

Brainerd  Miller 

(( 

19 

Aug.23,  18()3 

Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 
Mustered  out  with  company. 

Nicholas  Neiles 

(( 

38 

Dec   14   1863 

James  S.  Wintermute— _ 

" 

18 

Dec.    7,  1863 

Henry  C.  AVulcott 

il 

31 

Jan.    4,  186)4 

Mustered  out  with  ('ompany. 

William  H.  Wintermute. 

It 

27 

Dec.  14,  1863 

Mustered  out  with  company. 

Joseph  Drurion 

t( 

Dec.  14,  1863 

Died. 

Alfred  P.  Dumersy 

" 

Jan.  18,  1864 

Died. 

Samuel  C.  Fry 

(( 

"34' 

Aug.20,  1861 
Dec.  21,  1863 
Dec.  19,  1863 

Died. 

Henry  D.Pike 

Died. 
Died. 

James  Yager 

Theodore  W.  Harlow  __ . 

1st  Sergt. 

'29' 

Aug.23,  1861 

Mustered  out. 

Francis  Allen 

Sergeant. 

23 

Aug.26,  1861 

Mustered  out. 

Thomas  Croft 

11 

21 
25 

Aug.26,  1861 
Sept.26,  1861 

Mustered  out. 
Mustered  out. 

George  Westernberger__ 

Levi  Genson 

Corporal. 
B.  K.  S. 

23 

Aug.27,  1861 

Mustered  out. 

Edward  McDonald 

36 

Aug.26,  1861 

Mustered  out. 

James  E.  Thompson 

" 

19 

Sept.lO,  1861 

Mustered  out. 

Horace  Benedict 

Private. 

IS 

Aug.26,  1861 

Mustered  out. 

Emanuel  Cole 

a 

21 

Aug.26,  1861 

Mustered  out. 

Peter  Eddy . 

u 

25 

Aug.24,  18(il 

Mustered  out. 

Wilson  Earner 

Private. 

25 

Aug.  20,1861 

INIustered  out. 

Daniel  A.  Hallett 

26 

Aug.  26,1861 

Mustered  out. 

William  B.  Meeker 

u 

25 

Aug.  23,1861 

Mustered  out. 

Alexander  Marker 

u 

23 

Aug.  26,1861 

Mustered  out. 

Tho.  H.  Smith 

(t 

22 

Aug.  20,1861 

Mustered  out. 

William  Smith 

(C 

19 

28 

Aug.  28,1861 
Aug.  26,1861 

Mustered  out. 
Mustered  out. 

AVilliam  Van  Wermer  _. 

John  H.  Zedechier 

a 

21 

Aug.  28,1861 

Mustered  out. 

Archibald  J.  Eyster 

1st  Sergt. 

Aug.  16,lS(i2 

Mustered  out. 

John  Koerman 

Corporal. 
Private. 

Aug.  16,1862 
Aug.  19,1862 

Mustered  out. 

William  Fitzpatrick 

Mustered  out. 

John  Redding 

Sadler. 
Private. 



July  16, 1862 
Sept.  13,1862 

Mustered  out. 
Mustered  out. 

Martin  G.  Hilton 

Samuel  Lyons 

--- 

Aug.  16,1862 
Sept.  17,1864 

Mustered  out. 
Mustered  out. 

Harrison  Spencer 

Richard  Van  Slack 

it 

Sept.  23,1862 

Mustered  out. 

Daniel  Austin 

1st  Sergt. 



Aug.  24,1863 
Dec.  10,  18(>3 
Sept.  15,1862 

Discharged. 
Discharged. 
Discharged. 

Samuel  Charter 

Francis  C.  Dodge 

Russell  B.  Gorsuch 

Private. 

Dec.  18, 1863 

Discharged. 

John  H.  Ray 

(( 

Oct.  12,  1863 

Discharged. 

James  McDougle 

u 

Dec.    3,1861 

Mustered  out. 

Thomas  Shipherd 

(( 

'22" 

Aug.  24,1861 

James  Campbell 

u 

Oct.    2,  1863 

William  Holt 

tl 

Nov.   6,  1863 

Jacob  Webber 

(( 

"28" 

Jan.    4,  1864 

David  Cosgrove 

(( 

28 
29 

Aug,  27,18iil 
Aug.  10,1861 
Aug.  24,1862 
July  26, 1802 

Transferred. 
Transferred. 
Transferred. 
Transferred. 

John  Griner 

James  Mills 

John  Nishwetz 

218 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Names. 


Jacob  Series 

Milton  Straight—- 
Calvin  S.  Kimball 


Rank 


Private. 


26 


Date  of 

Entcrmg  tlie 

Sermce. 


Nov.  28, 1861 
Julv  17,  1861 
Sept.  10,1861 


Remarks. 


Transferred. 
Transferred. 
Promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant. 


NAMES  ON  MUSTEK-IN  ROLL  BUT  NOT  ON  MUSTER-OUT  ROLL. 


. 

Date  of 

Names. 

Rank. 

-? 

Entering  the 
Service. 

Ee^iarks. 

Calvin  Spangler 

Corporal. 

22 

Aug.  24,1861 

No  record. 

William  A.  Lawrence  „- 

" 

44 

Aug.  25,1861 

No  record. 

Joseph  Ott 

Bugler. 

23 

Aug.  20,1861 

Transferred. 

Levi  B.  Whitelock 

42 

Aug.  24,1861 

No  record. 

Levi  Cook 

Farrier. 

Sadler. 

88 
29 

Aug.  24,1861 
Aug.  27,1861 

No  record. 

John  Antibus            

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Allpii.  John 

Private. 

29 
29 

Sept.  14,1861 
Sept.    7,1861 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Brown,  Lorin  A 

Discharged  c:in  Surgeon's  certificate. 

29 
18 
29 

Sept.  10,1861 
Aug.  19,1861 
Aug.  26,1861 

Detailed  for  Orderlv  dutv. 

Detailed  for  Orderly  duty. 

Baldwin,  John  A     

Transferred  to  L  company. 

Battenfield,  Dan  S  .     — 

(( 

23 

Aug.  28,1861 

Died  at  Murfreesboro,  Tenn. 

Bliven,  Robert  H     

(( 

18 

Sept.  16,1861 

Mustered  out  on  general  order,  1862. 

Carr,  Edward  _     .  _  — 

(( 

17 

Aug.  26,1861 

Killed  at  Lexington,  Kentucky. 

Cannon  John 

(( 

24 
17 

Aug.  19,1861 
Aug.  17,1861 

Shot  through  the  lungs  and  discharged. 

Colton,  Charles  H 

Killed  at  Lexington,  Kentucky. 

Conn   Samuel 

23 
19 
40 

Sept.    1,1861 
Sept.    3,1861 
Aug.  15,1861 

Died  in  front  of  Corinth,  Miss. 

Chilson,  Peter. 

Died  in  front  of  Corinth,  Mississippi. 

Davis,  Robert  M 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Dalby,  David 

(( 

20 
21 

Aug.  26,1861 
Sept.  24,1861 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Emch,  Benedict 

Teamster  at  Regt.  headquarters. 

Eichott,  Jacob 

(( 

51 

Aug.  20,1861 

Teamster  at  Regt.  headquarters. 

Fountain,  Oliver.     ..  __ 

(( 

20 

Aug.  25,1861 

Killed  at  Chickamauga. 

Jones,  Thomas 

18 

Oct.     1,  1861 
Aug.  20,1861 

Killed  at  Chickamauga. 

Longendoroif,  Joseph  ___ 

(' 

44 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Lennon,  Lawrence  _  __. 

U 

31 

Sept.    8.1861 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Moyer,  Frank  F  .     . 

(( 

21 

Aug.  24,1861 

Ivilled  at  Farmington,  Tennessee. 

Meeker,  Benj.  F 

(( 

18 

Aug.  24.1861 

Died. 

Navarre,  Peter 

H 

30 

Aug.  23,1861 

Navarre,  Oliver 

(i 

32 

Aug.  23,1861 

Disabled  and  discharged  in  1862. 

Norton,  Henry  G 

'* 

20 

Aug.  24,1861 

No  record. 

Orton,  James  C. . 

i( 

28 

Oct.     2, 1861 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Priame,  Bradley  L 

u 

37 

Aug.  18,1861 

No  record. 

Pinkerton,  Samuel 

*' 

21 

Aug.  26,1861 

No  record. 

Price,  Charles  . . 

27 
27 

Sept.  10,1861 
Aug.  28,1861 

No  record. 

Rottler,  Mathias __. 

No  record. 

Reed,  Amos  K  _ 

n 

43 

Oct.     1, 1861 

Discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate. 

Spangler,  Henrv  D 

'* 

18 

Aug.  24,1861 

No  record. 

Trembly,  Joseph  E 

(( 

19 

Sept.    2,1861 

"Wounded  and  discharged. 

Underwood,  George  R  _. 

t( 

19 

Sept.  17,1861 

Transferred. 

Van  Fleet,  Otis 

It 

20 

Aug.  26,1861 

No  record. 

Walton,  William  A 

I( 

18 

Aug.  18,1861 

Wilcox,  William 

11 

36 

Aug.  31,1861 

Died  at  Tuscumbia,  Alabama. 

Welch,  John 

(( 

19 

Aug.  26,1861 

Discharged,  disability. 

A  Ee-union  of  the  Third  Ohio  Cavalry  was 
held  at  Monroeville,  September  28,  1869,  when 
Captain  James  B.  Luckey  presided,  and  E.  W. 
Amsden  acted  as  Secretary.  The  following 
officers  were  elected  for  the  year  :  President — 
Colonel  Lewis  Zabm.  Vice-Presidents — Samuel 
Curry,  Company  A ;  A.  H.  Pearl,  Company  B  ; 
H.  N.  Howland,  Company  C ;  W.  L.  Stack- 
house,  Company  D  ;  Thomas  C.  McEwen,  Com- 


pany E ;  William  P.  Lee,  Companj^  F  ;  Thos. 
Baker,  Company  G  ;  C.  W.  Skinner,  Company 
H  ;  John  Blaekman,  Company  I ;  C.  L.  Cook, 
Companj'  K  ;  John  Muir,  Company  L  ;  Thos. 
O'Rouke,  Company  M.  Corresponding  Sec- 
retary— R.  R.  Smith,  Toledo. 


Besides  members   of    commands    organized 
here,  large  numbers  of  citizens  of  Lucas  Countj* 


THE   WAR   OF   THE  REBELLION— FIELD   WORK. 


served  in  Eegiments  from  other  Counties  and 
other  States,  and  in  the  Eegular  Army,  of 
whom  it  is  found  to  be  impracticable  to  obtain 
information.  Among  such  enlistments  were  12 
in  Company  D,  Ninth  Illinois  Cavalry,  as 
follows : 

Patrick  Kelley,  Captain,  now  at  Saginaw,  Mich. 

Benjamin  Raitz,  Second  Lieutenant,  at  13iS  Elm 
Street,  Toledo. 

Samuel  B.  Davis,  Editor  McComlj  Herald,  McComb, 
Ohio. 

Walter  A.  McCarou,  in  Michigan. 


Michael  O'Brien,  died  since  the  war. 

William  W.  Bower,  supposed  to  live  in  Detroit, 
Michigan. 

Edgar  Ilyke,  at  Soldiers'  Home,  Dayton. 

Di'nnis  Mahcr,  drowned  near  Cairo,  Illinois,  while 
coming  home  on  Veteran  furlough. 

John  McBride,  died  during  the  war. 

Of  John  (ioodale,  Francis  Horer,  Robert  Ilarvie, 
and  Joseph  Pellett,  also  from  this  County,  no  infor- 
mation can  be  obtained.  All  those  named  were  from 
Toledo,  except  John  McBride,  from  Sylvania. 

Beside  the  above  was  Bruce  Hofl'man  from  De- 
fiance. 


CHAPTER   VIII. 


THE    EOLL    OF    HONOR CEMETERIES. 


IT  was  made  the  duty  of  the  Asisessors  in  May, 
18(i5,  when  active  service  in  the  War  had 
practically  closed,  to  canvass  the  several  Town- 
ships and  Wards  for  names  of  persons  who  had 
enlisted  in  the  Union  Army;  of  those  who  had 
died  ;  of  those  disabled  ;  of  Soldiers'  families  ; 
and  of  such  of  these  as  were  necessitous,  with 
the  number  of  persons  in  the  same.  The  facts 
thus  obtained  were  returned  to  the  County 
Auditor's  office.  Following  is  a  list  of  dead 
Soldiers  thus  obtained,  together  with  a  table 
giving  results  under  the  other  heads  named. 
In  the  nature  of  the  case,  absolute  completeness 
or  correctness  could  hardly  be  expected  in  such 
a  work ;  but  it  has  been  deemed  best  to  give 
the  record  thus  furnished,  as  aiding  to  the 
nearest  practicable  approach  to  justice  to  the 
noble  and  heroic  defenders  of  their  country's 
life — only  regretting  that  it  is  not  more  full 
and  accurate. 

As  a  matter  of  course,  in  the  several  partial 
lists  of  dead,  given  in  this  volume,  the  names 
of  many  are  repeated  ;  but  it  has  been  deemed 
better  to  do  this,  than  that  names  belonging 
here  should  be  omitted.  The  repetitions  will 
readily  be  discovered  by  those  acquainted  with 
the  facts. 


First  Ward. — J.  Harrington,  Jr.,  14th  Ohio ;  Bene- 
dict Brown,  14th  Ohio  ;  Henry  T.  Bissell,  11th  Ohio  ; 
Joseph  T.  Baker,  67th  Ohio ;  Conrad  Daum,  25th 
Ohio ;  John  Hilt,  25th  Ohio ;  W.  W.  Hunt,  100th 
Ohio;  Fred.  Kimmerlin,  Jr.,  111th  Ohio;  Alpheus 
Mclntyre,  21st  Ohio  ;  Louis  G.  Miller,  3d  O.  C;  Fred. 
Miller,  67th  Ohio  ;  Rudolph  Niehaus,  25th  Ohio  ;  Ja- 
cob Planner,  14th  Ohio  ;  Robert  Redwood,  3d  0.  C; 
F.  B.  Searls,  111th  Ohio;  Charles  Euranius,  67th  Ohio; 
John  Beigan,  114th  Ohio. 

Second  Ward  — Thomas  Higglemire,  14th  Ohio  ; 
Geo.  W.  Horton,  14th  Ohio;  Win.  Marker,  14th  Ohio  ; 
George  McCracken,  SSth  Illinois  ;  John  Marich,  67th 
Ohio  ;  Henry  Saunders,  oSth  Oliio  ;  P.  L.  Towers,  3d 
O.  C;  George  M.  Ballard,  67th  Ohio. 

Third  Ward.— Owen  Dirken,  67th  Ohio  ;  Michael 
Herbert,  25th  Ohio  ;  Barney  Meconara,  69th  Ohio  ; 
James  Richmond,  Hth  Ohio  ;  James  Smith,  67th  Ohio; 
Arthur  D.  Tarbox,  Hth  Ohio  ;  Jeroleman  Wandike, 
37th  Ohio. 


Fourth  Ward. — William  Skehan,  67th  Ohio;  

Schwartz,  189th  Ohio  ;  James  Heart,  Cavalry ;  Aug. 
Klangbolter.  47th  Ohio ;  Washington  Norton,  67th 
Ohio;  Walter  Clumm,  18th  Ohio  ;  John  Woodbury, 
71st  Ohio. 

Fifth  Ward. — Theo.  Sanger,  27th  Ohio  ;  George  H. 
Curtiss,  111th  Ohio  ;  Ruel  Wetmore,  Hth  Ohio;  Geo. 
Smith,  3d  O.  C;  John  W.  Harriison,  Hth  Ohio;  Louis 
Emery,  25th  Ohio;  David  Valentine,  67th  Ohio; 
Albert  Wolcott,  14th  Ohio  ;  Fred.  Josenhaus,  130th 
Ohio  ;  Christ.  Obeist,  130th  Ohio  ;  John  Martin,  43d 
Ohio. 

Sidh  Ward.  —Charles  Sherwood,  3d  O.  C;  Ar- 
nold Waldeck,  1st  Artillery;  Joseph  Young,  100th 
Ohio;  Albert  H.  Huntley,  Hth  Ohio;  Thomas  Moon, 
Hth  Ohio  ;  James  Orton,  3dO.  C;  Hiram  Craig,  ()7th 
Ohio;  Edwin  Carr,  .3d  O.  C;  James  Cavashirg,  2d 
Ohio  Heavy  Artillery. 

MANH.^TTAN. 

Joseph  Drouillard,  3d  O.  C;  Francis  Grode,  67th 
Ohio ;  Thomas  Hagar,  18th  Ohio  ;  Alvesta  King,  111th 
Ohio ;  Henry  Morreau,  67th  Ohio ;  Peter  iVIcTague  ; 
Thomas  McTauge.  Alex.  Navarre,  Hth  Ohio  ;  John 
M.  Varian,  47th  Ohio :  James  Welch,  111th  Ohio; 
Charles  Wilkinson,  100th  Ohio ;  Aaron  Applegate, 
Hth  Ohio  ;  Stephen  Anteau,  3dO.C.;  Jasper  Brown, 
21st  Ohio ;  C.  O.  Callihan,  Hth  Ohio  ;  William  Cone, 
Hth  Ohio. 

WASHINGTON. 

Miles  A.  Aldrich,  100th  Ohio  ;  John  Amnion,  37th 
Ohio  ;  Henry  Bemor,  100th  Ohio  ;  Edwin  Bishop,  1st 
Conn.  Cav.;  Henry  Brown,  130th  Ohio ;  Lemuel 
Crockett,  47th  Ohio  ;  AVm.  W.  Giles,  Austin  Haugh- 
ton,  25th  (Jhio ;  Edward  Burge,  25th  Ohio  ;  Solon 
Lane,  123d  Ohio;  David  Lewis,  —  Artillery;  Wm. 
A.  Watson,  128th  Ohio. 

SYLVANIA. 

Matthew  Davis,  25th  Ohio;  Zirah  Green,  111th 
Ohio ;  William  Gilpin  ;  Oscar  Hendrickson,  Hth  Ohio; 
William  Hallott,  Jr.,  25th  Ohio ;  Edwin  Peck,  25th 
Ohio  ;  Harlan  Page,  2.5th  Ohio  ;  Thomas  Porter,  Hth 
Ohio ;  Levi  Palmer,  47th  Ohio ;  Elijah  Stone,  47th 
Ohio;  John  Van  Orman,  Hth  Ohio;  John  Wood- 
mansee,  14th  Ohio;  John  Kimball,  111th Ohio;  James 
Lowden,  ISth  Ohio  ;  Edwin  Lacy,  18th  Ohio ;  John 
Lane,  18th  Ohio  ;  John  McBride,  Hth  Ohio  ;  James 
Mills,  18th  Ohio ;  Daniel  Norris,  18th  Ohio ;  John 
Oats,  Hth  Ohio;  Horace  Bertholf,  21st  Ohio  Battery  ; 
Horace  Cooper,  111th  Ohio  ;  Staunton  Chappel,  111th 
Ohio;  Orland  Comstock,  67th  Ohio ;  Uriah  Cheney, 
18th  Ohio;  Samuel  Corbin,  —  Battery. 


[220] 


ROLL   OF  HONOR. 


221 


WATERVILLE. 

Benjamin  Rathbun,  100th  Ohio  ;  WiUiani  Gaunt, 
14tliOhio;  Alfred  D.  Isham,  GTth  Ohio;  Orson  G. 
Ballou,  100th  Ohio  ;  Milo  Black,  GOth  Oliio;  WiUiam 
C.  Hutchinson,  —  Artillery;  William  M.  Turk,  (i7th 
Ohio;  Robert  McCal)e,  111th  Ohio;  James  P.  Iliiie, 
14th  Ohio;  William  .Stebbins,  67th  Ohio;  Cuyler 
Stebbins,  lOOth  Ohio ;  Samuel  Spade,  lOOth  t)hio ; 
Ranatus  Lucas,  100th  Ohio ;  John  Rocherty,  ;57th 
Ohio  ;  David  C.  Cheney,  67th  Ohio. 


First  Ward. — Alex.  Osborn,  ."jth  Infantry ;  Francis 
O.  Borner,  14th  Ohio  ;  John  Carroll,  .'j7th  Ohio;  Nelson 
C.  Carter,  100th  Ohio  ;  John  Green,  14th  Ohio  ;  James 
House,  100th  Ohio;  Antoine  Laflour,  14th  Ohio;  Lo- 
vine  Merrill,  14th  Ohio;  Charles  Mitchell,  14th  Ohio, 
John  McCrink,  New  York  Battery  ;  Jolin  Owen,  14th 
Ohio ;  Lewis  Smith,  130th  Ohio ;  Jackson  P.  Sager; 
100th  Ohio ;  Antoine  Soudenet ;  Granville  Taylor, 
67th  Ohio. 

Second  Ward  and  Waynesfitld  Towiiahip. — Thomas 
N.  Gilbert,  14th  Ohio;  Uriah  Gilbert,  14th  Ohio; 
Lyman  S.  Ilall,  14th  Ohio ;  Oscar  J.  Neeley,  23d  New 
York  Battery ;  James  11.  Perrin,  14th  Ohio;  Benj. 
F.  Perrin,  9th  Louisiana  Colored  ;  George  Peck,  IS.jth 
Ohio ;  Robert  Ireland,  21st  Ohio. 

Third  Ward.— Jaw  son  J.  Fox,  14tli  Ohio;  Fred. 
A.  Wolcott,  47th  Ohio. 

SPBINGPIELD. 

James  Munyan ;  William  Bemis,  100th  Ohio ; 
James  Abbott,  100th  Ohio;  Lucius  Abbott,  100th 
Ohio;  Ira  Cummings,  100th  Ohio;  Aaron  Faught ; 
George  Yager,  14th  Ohio  ;  Eli  Birchfield,  14th  Ohio  ; 
Aaron  Birchfield,  14th  Ohio;  Wesley  Hill,  67th  Ohio; 
Aaron  Haynes,  3d  O.  C;  John  Hepp,  14th  Ohio  ; 
Joseph  Vono,  14th  Ohio ;  Owen  Rum.sey,  6th  0.  C: 
Mason  Cressey,  14th  Ohio;  Osgood  Oressey,  3d  O.  C. 

RICHFIELD. 

Eli  Saulsbury,  100th  Ohio  ;  Luther  Saunders,  10th 
O.  C;  Nicholas  Stahl,  182d  (.)liio  ;  M.  V.  Tredway, 
47th  Ohio;  Philander  Wickham,  Ulth Ohio  ;  Jo.seph 
Bosilgia,  37tli  Ohio ;  Perry  Bennett,  14th  Ohio  ;  John 
Brint,  14th Ohio;  Louis Cutchner,  130th Ohio;  James 
Fullerton,  14th  Ohio;  Dallas  Gilson.  47th  Ohio; 
Norman  Gilson,  47th  Ohio ;  Charles  Holloway,  14th 
Ohio  ;  Thomas  Kanavel,  14th  Ohio  ;  Charles  Kanavel. 
14th  Ohio ;  W.  C.  Lathrop,  14th  Ohio  ;  Jo.seph  Man- 
gel, 14th  Ohio;  W.  W.  McBride,  14th  Ohio;  Milo 
Metkifl;  100th  Ohio. 

PROVIDENCE. 

Jacob  Bugh,  67th  Ohio  ;  Daniel  Ricker,  67th  Ohio; 
Samuel  Keeler,  68th  Ohio;  Andrew  J.  Clutter,  100th 
Ohio;  John  Dowyer,  68th  Ohio;  John  Ferre,  GSth 
Ohio ;  Clayton  Shelby,  60th  Ohio  ;  Samuel  Hutchin- 
son, 102d  Ohio ;  Cyrus  E.  Riley,  .5.5th  Ohio ;  John  A. 
Brown,  68th  Ohio  ;  Thomas  Brown,  68th  Ohio ;  John 
Martin,  60th  Ohio;  John  J.  Clark,  14th  Ohio  ;  John 
Mouldner,  OSth  Ohio;  William  H.  Young,  6SthOhio; 


John  North,  68th  Ohio  ;  Benjamin  F.  Cole,  68th  Ohio; 
William  Condon,  68th  Ohio. 

.\I)/\.MS. 

\V.  II.  Ca.ss.  1st  Oliio  .'Vrtillory  ;  Charles  Corser, 
1st  Art.;  John  M.  Edmund.s,  1st  Art.;  Nelson  Ferri.s, 
IstArt.;  Adclbert  Kiiapp,  14th  Ohio;  Alonzo  Atkins, 
)st  Art.;  Joseph  Tromley ;  Nor.  Lockwood,  Ist  Art.; 
John  Yager,  3d  O.  C;  Andrew  Totten,  67tli  Oliio. 

SPENCER. 

James  Brocken,  67th  Oliio;  William  Bemis,  lOOtli 
Ohio;  John  Coon,  1st  Michigan  ;  James  Carroll  14th 
Ohio  ;  Robert  Fairchild,  67th  Ohio ;  John  E.  Hadley, 
1st  Mich.;  John  M.  Hou.ser,  14th  Ohio  ;  Benj.  Hoftile, 
14th  Ohio;  Michael  I,angeii(lerler,  ISOtli  Oliio; 
Kliakim  Munson,  14th  Ohio;  David  S.  Raii<lnlph, 
l.SSthOhio;  Jacob  Ruda,  37th  Ohio ;  Beiijaiuin  Sut- 
ton, 2Sth  Ohio  ;  John  Schneider,  37th  Oliio;  Jai-iib 
Wolf,  67th  Ohio. 

SWANTON. 

Franklin  Brace,  67tti  Ohio ;  Thomas  Beach,  67th 
Ohio;  Joseph  Combo,  111th  Ohio;  David  Clieney, 
67th  Ohio;  Orrin  Clawson,  8.5th  Ohio;  Joseph  Fuller- 
ton,  67th  Ohio;  Ab.  Hartzell,  lOOth  Oliio;  John 
Kaley,  67th  Ohio;  Robert  Mills,  lOOtli  Ohio  ;  Edmund 
Miller,  3d  O.  C;  H.  E.  Redding,  lllth  Oliio  ;  Joseph 
W.  Scott,  38th  Ohio;  Isaac  Skinner,  lllth  Ohio;  An- 
drew Weigel,  14th  Ohio;  John  Weigel,  38th  Ohio; 
George  Wilcox,  lOOth  Ohio. 

MONCLOVA. 

Edward  Allen;  Valentine  Flann,  14th  Oliio;  Jas. 
C.  House,  lOOth  Ohio;  Edward  Moody,  14th  Ohio; 
Levi  McMullen,  14th  Ohio;  David  Ruckle,  14tliOhio;- 
Jolm  Ruckle,  lOOtli  Ohio  ;  Philip  Ruckle,  OOth  Ohio; 
Thomas  Ringo,  27th  Ohio;  Alpheus  O.  Gunn.  14th 
Ohio;  Leonard  A.  Gunn,  14tli  Oliio;  J.  Genson,  52d 
Ohio;  Israel  Snyder,  lOOth  Ohio;  John  E.  Strayer, 
14th  Ohio;  Leroy  J.  Smith,  100th  Ohio ;  Cyrus  Sauls- 
bury,  100th  Ohio  ;  Charles  Tracey,  2d  Ohio  Battery  ; 
Andrew  Trapp,  100th  Ohio ;  George  E.  Waggoner, 
100th  Ohio ;  J.  T.  Walker,  14th  Ohio  ;  George  Yager, 
14th  Ohio  ;  Jacob  Bondin,  100th  Ohio  ;  John  Cramer, 
100th  Ohio. 

[Christopher  Ruckel,  of  Monclova,  liad  six  sons  in 
the  Union  Army  during  the  Rebellion,  of  wlioiii  but 
two  survived  in  August,  1865,  viz  :  Daniel,  who. served 
in  the  12Sth,  and  Henry,  in  the  14th  Ohio  Regiment. 
The  names  of  the  four  who  died  were  as  follows  : 
David,  in  the  14th  Ohio ;  John,  in  100th  Ohio ;  Pliilip, 
in  60th  Ohio,  and  George,  in  6th  Michigan  Cavahy. 
George  was  killed  on  the  11th,  and  Philip  on  the  17th 
of  June,  1864.  both  near  Petersburg,  Virginia.  David 
was  shot  while  beside  his  brother  H(mry .  The  father 
was  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  had  resided  many  years 
in  Monclova.  Few  parents  were  permitted  to  make 
the  sacrifice  upon  tlieir  adoiited  country's  altar,  that 
was  allowed  to  him.  Such  a  family  is  entitled  to 
special  recognition  and  lasting  remembrance  on  the 
part  of  those  who  now,  and  in  the  years  to  come  shall, 
enjoy  the  rich  boon  of  Free  (iovernment,  secured  to 
them  through  such  .sacrifice.] 


222 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


OREGON. 

Henry  Miller,  Sd  O.  C;  William  Brown,  3d  O.  C; 
William  "Sidel,  100th  Ohio  ;  Montgomery  Messer,  67th 
Ohio ;  John  Bunce,  67th  Ohio ;  Captain  H.  G.  Ford, 
67th  Ohio. 

OTHER    STATISTICS. 


i 
s 

1 

1 

1 

1 

■J 

? 

13 

g 

fe, 

■3 

s 

s 

so 

Q 

fS 

1 

s 

1 

i 

1 

5 

^ 

g 

^ 

1 

aj 

Toledo— 

1st  Ward . 

213 

17 

10 

75 

231 

28 

4V 

2d  Ward.. 

111 

19 

2 

39 

63 

15 

60 

3dWard__ 
4th  Ward- 

186 

10 

4 

•^M 

91 

198 

8 

11 

68 

170 

21 

80 

5th  Ward. 

.54 

11 

1 

31 

98 

24 

87 

6th  Ward. 

61 

9 

1 

19 

63 

18 

61 

Manhattan  . 

141 

19 

9 

48 

1V6 

18 

1V6 

Washington 

63 

13 

4 

10 

29 

6 

24 

Sylvania 

102 

26 

4 

40 

108 

36 

102 

AVaterville  . 

102 

16 

3 

44 

12/ 

44 

129 

Wavnestield 

133 

27 

15 

61 

185 

57 

1V8 

S)iringtield.. 

86 

18 

3 

17 

50 

IV 

50 

Kichlield  ... 

70 

19 

2 

16 

72 

12 

5o 

Providence . 

76 

17 

10 

21 

61 

15 

30 

■58 

10 

8 

11 

42 

Spencer 

.58 

15 

1 

20 

55 

20 

56 

Swanton  — 

81 

17 

10 

9 

36 

9 

36 

Monclova  __ 

111 

24 

6 

30 

75 

30 

75 

Oregon 

57 

6 

1 

22 

77 

16 

70 

RECAPITULATION. 

Enlistments  in  the  County,  as  then  reported..  1,961 

Deaths  reported,  1865 293 

Number  reported  disabled 98 

Soldiers'  families  reported 369 

Persons  in  same 1,476 

Necessitous  families 449 

Persons  in  same 1,149 


Verj^  few  persons  have  any  just  conception 
of  the  number  of  Union  Soldiers  who  rest  in 
Cemeteries  provided  and  cared  for  by  the 
National  Government.  The  graves  of  these 
are  marked,  but  the  most  of  them  bear  the  sug- 
gestive but  sad  inscription,  "  Unknown."  A 
report  made  public  in  1887,  the  result  of  much 
labor  and  care,  showed  that  there  were  then  79 
National  Cemeteries,  of  which  12  were  in  the 
Northern,  and  G7  in  the  Southern  States.  The 
principal  ones  at  the  North,  with  the  number 
of  inmates,  wei-e  as  follows:  Cypress  Hills, 
3,786;  Finn's  Point,  New  Jersey,  2,644,  un- 
known; Gettysburg,  Penn.,  1,967  known,  and 
1,608   unknown  ;    Mound  City,  Illinois,  2,505 


known,  and  2,721  unknown ;  Philadelphia, 
1,909  ;  and  "Wood  Lawn,  Elmira,  New  York, 
3,090. 

The  chief  depositories  of  the  Union  dead  are 
in  the  South,  where,  in  battle,  in  hospitaler  in 
Eebel  prison-pens,  the  great  body  of  loyal 
heroes  laid  down  their  lives  for  their  countrj". 
The  following  list  of  National  Cemeteries,  with 
the  number  of  their  heroic  dead,  indicates  some- 
thing of  the  price  of  the  civil  yjrivileges  now 
enjoyed  by  the  American  people  : 

Arlington,  Va.,  16,264,  of  whom  4,349  are  unknown. 

Annapolis,  Md.,  2,487,  of  whom  201  are  unknown. 

Beaufort,  S.  C,  9,141,  of  whom  4,493  are  unkown. 

Chalmette,  La.,  12,511.  of  whom  5,574  are  unknown. 

Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  12,962,  of  whom  4,963  are  un- 
known. 

Fredericksburg,  Ya.,  15,257,  of  whom  12,770  are  un- 
known. 

Jefferson  Barracks.  Mo.,  11,490,  of  whom  2,906  are 
unknown. 

Little  Rock,  Ark.,  5,602,  of  whom  2,.337  are  unknown. 

City  Point,  Va.,  5,122,  of  whom  1,447  are  unknown. 

Marietta,  Ga.,  10,151,  of  whom  2,963  are  unknown. 

Memphis,  Tenn.,  13,997,  of  whom  8,817  are  unknown. 

Nashville,  Tenn.,  16,  .526,  of  whom  4,701  are  unknown. 

Poplar  Grove,  Va.,  6,199,  of  whom  4, 001  are  unknown. 

Richmond,  Va.,  6,.542,  of  whom  5,700  are  unknown. 

Salisbury,  N.  C,  12,126, of  whom  12,032  are  unknown. 

Stone  River,  Tenn.,  5,602,  of  whom  288  are  unknown. 

Vicksburg,  Miss.,  16,600,  of  whom  13,704  are  unknown. 

Antietam,  Md.,  4,671,  of  whom  1,818  are  unknown. 

Winchester,  Va.,  4,559,  of  whom  2,365  are  unknown. 

The  record  shows  the  aggregate  of  burials 
in  the  National  Cemeteries  to  be  about  300,000. 
Two  of  the  Cemeteries  are  devoted  chiefly  to 
the  true  and  brave  men  who  offered  up  their 
lives  in  loathsome  prison  at  Andersonville. 
These  aggregate  the  almost  incredible  number 
of  13,714  "  unknown  "  graves. 

The  cost  to  the  Government  in  the  provision 
of  these  resting-places  for  heroic  dead,  is  placed 
at  §5,165,306.36.  As  no  other  Nation  has  ever 
been  as  just  and  prompt  in  the  care  of  its  Sol- 
diers in  the  field,  so  has  no  other  ever  shown 
the  active  interest  in  the  memories  of  these 
when  dead,  as  has  the  United  States.  Such 
policy  is  both  just  and  wise,  since  it  pajs  due 
respect  to  the  men  who  died  for  their  country, 
while  it  elevates  the  character  of  the  Citizen 
Soldiery,  and  thus  holds  out  inducements  for 
like  service  in  future  emergencies,  should  such 
arise. 


CHAPTER  IX. 

ORGANIZATIONS     OF     UNION     SOLDIERS. SOCIETIES     OF    THE    AUMIKS     OF     THE    TENNESSEE     AND    OF 

THE     CUMBERLAND. UNION     EX-PEISONERS    OF    WAR. — GRAND     ARMY     OF     THE     REPUBLIC. 

LOYAL    LEGION. WOMAn's    RELIEF    CORPS. 


THE  seventli  re-union  of  the  Society  of  the 
Armj'  of  the  Tennessee  was  held  at  Toledo, 
October  15,  1873.  The  meeting  was  one  of 
surpassing  satisfaction,  both  to  the  members  of 
the  Society,  here  in  large  numbers,  and  to  the 
peojjle  of  Toledo,  who  took  a  dee])  interest  in 
the  occasion.  The  regular  session  was  held  in 
the  forenoon,  when  the  usual  business  was 
transacted,  Gen.  W.  T.  Sherman,  President,  in 
the  Chair,  and  Gen.  L.  M.  Dayton,  Secretary. 
Among  the  distinguished  Soldiers  present, 
were  President  Grant,  Gen.  Sherman,  Gen.  P. 
H.  Sheridan,  Major-Gen.  John  A.  Logan,  Sec- 
retary of  War  Belknap,  Gen.  O.  O.  Howard, 
Gen.  John  Pope,  Gen.  G.  A.  Custer,  Eear  Ad- 
miral Worden  and  Governor  E.  F.  Noyes. 

In  the  evening,  at  Wheeler's  Opera  House, 
was  held  a  public  meeting,  when  the  Society 
was  welcomed  to  Toledo  by  Major  W.  W. 
Jones.  Gen.  Sherman  delivered  an  address  to 
the  Society,  in  which,  among  other  things  he 
claimed  for  it  priority  in  time,  having  been 
organized  by  a  small  group  of  officers  in  the 
old  State  Capitol,  in  Ealeigh,  N.  C,  April  14, 
1865,  only  five  days  after  the  surrender  of  Lee 
in  Virginia,  and  five  days  before  the  surrender 
of  Johnston,  in  North  Carolina.  Brig.  Gen. 
Wra.  B.  Woods  of  Ohio  presided  at  the  meet- 
ing. Gen.  Frank  P.  Blair  explained  the  object 
of  the  Society  to  be  to  perpetuate  the  friendly 
feelings  which  bound  them  together  as  com- 
rades in  arms  during  the  jjrevious  four  years, 
when  they  were  battling  and  marching  from 
Cairo  to  Vicksburg ;  and  from  Vicksburg  to 
North  Carolina.  The  Society  was  finally  com- 
pleted in  its  organization  April  24,  1865.  Mem- 
bership was  extended  to  every  officer  who  at 
any  time  served  with  credit  in  any  of  the  Corps 
which  comjiosed  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee, 
while  any  officer  of  the  Union  Armies,  with 
like  good  records  was  admissible  on  a  vote. 
The  Society  was  pledged  to  acts  of  charity  and 
generosity  to  families  of  dead  comrades  ;  and 


also,  to  cause  proper  memorials  of  the  services 
of  dead  comrades  to  be  collected  and  preserved, 
and  "  thus  to  transmit  their  names  to  poster- 
ity."    A  poem,  written  by  Maj.  C.  G.  Mayne, 
in  which  was  fittingly  mentioned  the  names  of 
manj' Soldiers  and  Sailors,  dead  and  living,  was 
read.     Gen.  Logan    delivered  an  address.     A 
prominent  feature  of  the  occasion  con.si.stcd  ofa 
solo  obligato,  and  the  Star  Spangled  Banner,  by 
Miss  Ida  M.  Bond  (Mrs.  Frank  I.  Young),  of 
Toledo.     A  second  session  of  the  Societj^  was 
held    October   10th,    when    new    officers    were 
chosen,  and  resolutions  of  condolence  on  the 
death    of  fellow-members  adopted,  and  other 
business  transacted.     The  officers  chosen  were 
as  follows:  President — Gen.  W.  T.  Sherman; 
Vice  Presidents — Maj.  John  A.  Logan,  Col.  A. 
H.  Markland,  Maj.   Gen.   John    Pope,   Gen.  J. 
M.  Herdick,  Col.  Geo.  E.  Welles,  Gen.  John  E. 
Smith,   Lieut.  John  Crane,  Brig.   Gen.    R  N. 
Pierson,  Col.  Frank  Lynch,  Gen.  S.  F.  Hutch. 
in.son,  Maj.  I.  P.  Smith,  Brig.  Gen.  John  Til- 
son.     Recording   Secretary — Col.  L.  M.  Day- 
ton ;   Corresponding  Secretary — Gen.  A.  Hick- 
enlooper;  Treasurer — Maj.  Gen.  M.    F.   Force. 
At  the  close  of  this  session.  President  Grant 
and  his  party  were  taken  in  carriages  from  the 
Opera    House    to    Summit    Street ;    thence    to 
Cherry;  and  to  the  Board  of  Ti'ade,  where  a 
brief  stop  was  made  and  the  President  held  a 
short  reception,  when   the   party  returned   to 
the  Boody  House.     At  about  3  p.  .m.  a  ladies' 
reception  was  given  by  the  President,  at  which 
it  was  estimated  2,000    ladies  attended.     The 
pressure  was  very  severe,  and  was  made  the 
greater  by  the  delay  incident  to  the  quite  free 
action  of  the  President  and  Gens.  Sheridan  and 
Sherman  in  saluting  the  callers  with   a   kiss, 
which  operation  was  continued  for  a  long  time. 
On  the  evening  of  the  16th  a  banquet  was 
given  the'Society  and  its  guests  by  the  citizens 
of  Toledo  at  the   Boodj-   House,  S.  Grotf,  Pro- 
prietor.    Three  tables  were  filled,  as  follows  : 


[223] 


224 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


At  the  Center  Table— Gen.  W.  T.  Sherman,  Pres- 
ident; Tresidenl  Grant,  Gen.  John  A.  Logan,  Gen. 
Belknap,  Secretary  of  War ;  Admiral  .1.  L.  Worden, 
U.  S.  N.;  Gen.  Geo.  A.  Custer,  Gen.  Van  Vleet,  Gen. 
J.  G.  Hawkins,  Gen.  Phil.  II.  Sheridan,  Col.  J.  M. 
Herrick,  Gen.  E.  W.  Rice,  Gen.   F.  S.   Hutchinson, 

B.  Ford  Maro  Wheeler,  A.  T.  Austin.  Geo.  W.  Davis, 
John  Curamings,  Gen.  Godfrey  Weitzell.  Dr.  S.  S. 
Howard,  Lieut.  W.  E.  Osborn,  Thos.  J.  Collins,  Maj. 

C.  H.  Smith,  Capt.  Edward  Spear,  Capt.  W.  L.  Watt, 
Capt.  Geo.  W.  Merrill,  Dr.  J.  M.  Woodworth  (Medi- 
cal Director  of  Army  of  the  Cumberland),  E.  V.  Mc- 
Maken,  Col.  A.  H.  Markland,  Gen.  Chas.  C.  Walcutt, 
Col.  J.  Mason  Loomis,  Gen.  Geo.  P.  Este,  Lt.  Col.  J. 
T.  Herbert,  Col.  Frank  Lynch,  Gen.  Andrew  Hicken- 
looper,  Capt.  J.  Barber,  Gen.  W.  E.  Strong,  Gen. 
Daniel  Weber,  Gen.  W.  Myers,  Maj.  W.  K.  Thrall, 
Gen.  O.  E.  Babcock  (President  Grant's  Private  Sec- 
retary), Capt.  W.  W.  Gillingham,  Col.  R.  Macfeeley, 
Col.  R.  M.  Moore,  Perry  B.  Truax,  S.  L.  Phelps,  Mar- 
shal Burton,  Chas.  West,  JIaj.  Wm.  Dunn,  Col.  J.  G. 
Klinck,  Col.  Fred.  D.  Grant  (son  of  the  President  and 
on  Gen.  Sheridan's  Staff),  Horatio  S.  Young,  Wm.  W. 
Backus,  Col.  J.  M.  Bacon,  Fred.  B.  Shoemaker,  Ed. 
T.  Waite,  Gen.  O.  M.  Poe,  Ralph  Keeler.  S.  H.  War- 
ing, Gen.  Collinder,  Dr.  W.  C.  Jacobs,  Dr.  John  W. 
Bond,  Capt.  C.  S.  Ilsey  (Aide  to  Gen.  Pope),  Dr.  J. 
R.  Zearing,  Capt.  W.  D.  E.  Andrus. 

At  Table  Riglit  of  Center— Gen  J.  Pope,  Gen.  E. 
F.  Noyes,  Admiral  Worden,  M.  R.  Waite,  Gen.  John 
McArthur,  Gen.  Hurlbut,  Dr.  E.  A.  Duncan,  James 
Secor,  C.  A.  King.  Ed.  C.  Shaw,  Calvin  Barker,  John 
Berdan,  Abram  W.  Colton,  Gen.  J.  W.  Fuller,  Dr.  J. 
A.  Brown,  Chas.  Hipp,  Gen.  F.  W.  Swift,  Col.  Louis 
Von  Blessingh,  S.  Post,  Gen.  S.  D.  Atkinson,  Geo.  H. 
Hopkins,  Capt.  J.  L.  Curry,  Wm.  E.  Parmelee,  Jr., 
Dr.  J.  B.  Trembley,  Dr.  J.  M.  Cooke,  AV.  I.  Kelley, 
Capt.  J.  K.  Hamilton,  Avery  S.  Hill,  Clarence  Mor- 
ris, Chas.  G.  Mayers,  Maj.  E.  S.  Dodd,  Gen.  M.  F. 
Force,  G.  T.  Wiles,  Gen.  R.  P.  Buckland,  W.  S. 
Williams,  Geo.  W.  Hamblin,  Gen.  Geo.  E.  Welles, 
Mayor  W.  W.  Jones,  Col.  G.  D.  Munson,  M.  D.  Car- 
rington,  Gen.  D.  W.  H.  Day,  James  W.  Myers,  T.  J. 
Spencer,  U.  S.  A.;  Luther  Allen,  L.  Evens,  Capt.  A. 
S.  Skilton,  S.  S.  Parker,  W.  R.  Jackson,  A.  R.  Robin- 
son, O.  C.  Forum. 

At  Table  Left  of  Center— Rev.  Wm.  W.  Williams, 
'(iren.  E.  H.  Doolittle,  Gen.WagerSwayne,  Max  Wood- 
hull,  Mr.  Wilkinson,  Dr.  L.  H.  Bodman,  Gen.  J.  C. 
Lee,  E.  C.  Bodman,  Col.  D.  F.  DeWolf,  A.  Sabin,  Geo. 
Milmine,  Gen.  C.  B.  Phillips,  Maj.  Fahnestock,  J.  B. 
Potter,  Maj.  Newcomb,  Col.  J.  C.  Frankenberger, 
Lieut.  W.  H.  Snell,  Gen.  Reuben  Williams,  Gen.  Par- 
rott,  E.  C.  Davies,  Gen.  W.  H.  Gibson,  R.  H.  Flem- 
ming.  Col.  Dukhert,  F.  0.  Wyman,  Maj.  Dillingham, 
Dr.  A.  McMillan,  Col.  F.  A.  Stevenson,  Gen.  L.  M. 
Dayton,  Clark  Waggoner,  Capt.  J.  B.  Newton,  Capt. 
A.  N.  Campliell,  Bvt.  Brig.  Gen.  I.  R.  Sherwood,  Maj. 
J.  R.  Swigart,  John  B.  Carson,  Capt.  P.  H.  Dowling, 
Chas.  O.  Brigham,  Lieut.  Earl  W.  Merry,  W.  D.  Potter, 
Gen.  Kimball,  Lieut.  James  Harpell,  Gen.  Spoouer, 


Capt.  James  B.  Luckey,  Gen.  W.  H.  H.  Terrell,  Gen. 
Bayne,  Mr.  Halford,  Walter  Pickens,  Adjt.  Gold- 
smith, Capt.  S.  Baldwin,  F.  W.  Child,s,  Lieut.  Demott, 
Lieut.  H.  DeGraff,  Ralph  H.  Waggoner,  Surgeon  D. 
B.  Sturgeon.  Capt.  H.  W.  Bigelow. 

Toasts  were  responded  to  by  Geu.  S.  A. 
Hurlbut,  Gen.  M.  Bayne,  Secretary  W.  W. 
Belknap,  Admiral  J.  L.  Worden,  Gen.  John 
Pope,  Gen.  W.  E.  Strong,  M.  R.  Waite,  Gen. 
M.  F.  Force,  Gen.  J.  C.  Lee,  Gen.  O.  O.  How. 
ard,  Gen.  I.  R.  Sherwood,  Geu.  P.  H.  Sheridan, 
Gov.  Noyes  and  Gen.  Logan.  In  respon.se  to 
si)ecial  calls,  President  Grant,  General  Sher- 
man and  Admiral  Worden  made  brief  remarks. 

General  Pojje  responded  to  the  toast,  "  Our 
Soldiers."  Among  other  acceptable  things, 
he  said  : 

How  immeasurabh'  the  subject  falls  below  the 
tribute  that  is  due  to  the  Private  Soldier  especially. 
The  officers  who  played  their  parts  honorably  in  the 
late  Civil  War,  had  each  his  distinct  individuality  ; 
was  each  well  known  to  a  greater  or  less  number  of 
people  ;  had  each  his  own  objects  to  serve,  aside 
from  the  interests  of  his  country — the  ambition  to  be 
distinguished — the  desire  to  be  promoted — the  thirst 
for  personal  success — and  a  thousand  other  motives, 
proper  enough,  perhaps,  but  on  a  lower  plane  than 
tlie  great  patriotic  impulse  which  stirred  the  public 
heart  and  more  or  less  debased  the  pure  coin  of 
patriotism  which  stamped  the  Private  Soldier.  It  is 
true  now,  as  it  always  will  be  true  in  a  free  country 
and  among  a  free  people,  that  in  time  of  War,  the 
self-denying  patriot  and  true  hero  is  found  in  the  ranks — 
a  nameless  man,  with  no  hope  or  wish  for  personal 
preferment — with  no  purpose  save  to  save  his  country. 
He  lives  in  the  afiectionate  remembrance  of  thou- 
sands of  his  countrymen  wdio  never  heard  his  name, 
and  whose  only  knowdedge  of  his  history  is  the 
touching  record  of  his  devoted  service  or  patriotic 
death.  Well  will  it  be  for  many  of  us,  if  the  time 
shall  ever  come  when  our  shortcomings  are  forgotten, 
and  when  po.sterity  shall  judge  us  worthy  to  be  mus- 
tered into  the  ranks  of  these  gallant  men — the  true 
Heroes  of  the  ]Var — without  fear  and  without  reproach. 

We  meet  on  occasions  like  the  present,  not  as 
Soldiers,  but  as  Citizens  of  a  common  and  loved 
country,  to  pay  our  tribute  of  sorrowful  gratitude  to 
the  Citizens  who  lie  buried  because  their  lives  were 
needed  by  their  countrymen.  AVe  honor  them  be- 
cause they  exhibited  the  highest  qualities  of  Citizens 
— because  they  stood  ready  to  maintain  in  arms  the 
principles  of  Civil  (iovernment  wdiich  they  held  sa- 
cred in  peace,  and  because  they  hastened  to  pay  the 
last  great  sacrifice  to  the  safety  and  welfare  of  their 
countrymen. 

Reasoning  from  these  considerations,  Gen. 
Pope  said,  "  the  greatest  quality  of  a  good  Sol- 
dier, is  that  he  is  a  good  Citizen."     It  has  been 


TENNESSEE  RE- UNION. 


225 


deemed  proper  here  to  make  record  of  the 
character  of  the  Citizen-Soldier,  so  ably  and 
justly  declared  by  oneof  the  most  prominent 
oificers  of  the  Union  Army,  himself  a  Soldier 
by  profession,  and  in  position  to  speak  candidly 
of  the  comparative  claims  of  officers  and  ])ri- 
vates  to  the  grateful  consideration  of  their 
countrymen.  General  Pope's  estimate  in  that 
regard,  is  greatlj'  emphasized  and  strengthened 
by  the  strong  endorsement  so  promptlj'  given 
it  bj'  President  Grant — another  officer  even 
more  full}'  qualified  to  speak  intelligently. 
When  General  Pope  had  closed  his  remarks, 
President  Grant  took  him  by  the  hand,  saying, 
"  General  Pope,  that's  the  best  speech  I  ever 
heard."  Such  recognition  of  the  real  claims  of 
the  Private  Soldier  to  the  country's  considera- 
tion is  specially  just,  in  view  of  the  tendency^ 
to  pile  honors  upon  Army  officers  by  promo- 
tions and  building  monuments  to  them,  while 
the  Bank  and  File  are  passed  with  little  or  no 
recognition. 

Toasts  to  the  memories  of  Generals  J.  B.  Mc- 
Pherson  and  George  H.  Thomas,  were  received 
in  silence. 

Mr.  Waite  responded  to  the  sentiment — The 
Geneva  Arbitration. 

Peace  hath  her  victories 
No  le.ss  renowned  than  War. 

The  speaker  had  just  returned  from  the  Ar- 
bitration at  Geneva  of  what  were  known  as  the 
"  Alabama  Claims  "  of  theUnited  States  against 
Great  Britain,  for  damages  sustained  by  Amer- 
ican commerce  through  the  action  of  Confed- 
erate War  Vessels,  and  chiefly  of  the  War 
Steamer  Alabama,  for  wiiieh  depredations  the 
British  Government  had  made  itself  responsi- 
ble. At  that  adjudication  that  gentleman  had 
acted  as  the  leading  Counsel  for  the  United 
States,  In  the  course  of  his  response  to  the 
toast,  Mr.  Waite  said  ; 

Peace  achieved  her  grandest  triumph  at  Geneva. 
On  the  one  side  of  that  great  arbitration  was  a  Nation 
of  Soldiers — then,  it  is  true,  plain  citizens,  but  their 
past  history  had  given  them  an  inalienable  right,  a 
record  such  as  a  brave  Soldier  only  can  have.  It  was 
a  Nation  young,  active,  determined.  On  the  other 
side,  was  a  Nation  powerful  in  all  that  wealth,  credit, 
prestige  and  complete  organization  could  make  it. 
Pride  was  equal  on  both  sides.  Ours  was  the  pride 
of  youth — theirs  that  of  old  age,  well  pre.served,  and 
commanding  everywhere  the  highest  respect.  They 
were  Elnglisb — we  American.  We  sprang  from  their 
stock  and  spoke  tlieir  language.     We  had  just  passed 


through  the  hardest  struggle  for  life,  against  internal 
foes,  that  the  world  liad  ever  seen.  War  had  achieved 
its  proudest  victory.  Wc  had  saved  ourselves  from 
our.selves,  and  compelled  all  at  home  and  all  abroad 
to  acknowledge  us  a  Nation.  In  our  struggle  we 
thought  we  had  complaint  against  them.  If  our  com- 
plaint was  just,  we  had  cause  for  War.  Peace,  in  her 
good  time,  instigated  and  concluded  a  treaty  between 
us  and  them,  by  which  the  rights  of  each  were  to  be 
determined— our  wrongs,  if  any,  vindicated,  due 
reparation  made,  and  War  averted.  *  *  The  trial 
proceeded.  The  testimony  was  heard,  the  case  con- 
sidered, justice  done,  the  condemnation  money  paid, 
and  the  Victory  of  Peace  is  complete.  Truly,  if  War 
ever  could  usurp  the  province  of  Peace  in  the  coun- 
cils of  the  Nation,  it  might  have  done  it  in  this  case. 
It  did  not,  and  it  did  not  because  in  these  days  of  ad- 
vanced civilization  good  warriors  are  good  citizens. 
Both  Peace  and  War  have  therefore  the  right  to  be 
proud  of  this  victory.  But  there  is  more:  This  vic- 
tory reaches  beyond  the  two  Nations  immediately 
interested  in  its  result.  We,  on  the  one  side,  accused 
them  of  wrong.  They  submitted  to  a  trial  on  such 
accusation.  No  two  Nations  ever  before  had  done 
the  same  thing.  The  example  thus  set,  is  one  the 
world  must  heed.  A  long  step  has  been  taken  in  the 
direction  of  universal  peace.  We  surely  have  the 
right  to  hope  the  end  of  this  victory  is  not  yet. 

The  party  broke  up  about  2  o'clock  a.  m. 
The  Society  by  resolution  made  expression  of 
high  appreciation  of  the  exceptional  success 
which  attended  its  entire  session,  and  of  thanks 
to  the  people  of  Toledo  for  the  judicious  and 
liberal  provision  for  the  convenience  and  pleas- 
ure of  their  guests.  On  the  other  hand,  the 
citizens  were  highlj^  delighted  with  the  privi- 
lege of  entertaining  so  distinguished  and 
worthy  a  company  of  visitors. 

In  this  connection  it  is  proper  to  state,  that 
the  people  of  Toledo  were  largely  indebted  for 
such  privilege  to  General  Palph  P.  Buck  land 
of  Fremont,  on  whose  motion  and  strong 
pledge  of  Toledo  hospitality  at  its  preceding 
session,  the  Society  voted  to  meet  in  this  City. 


The  Tn-elfth  Ee-union  of  the  Society  of  the 
Army  of  the  Cumberland  was  held  at  Toledo, 
September  22  and  23,  1880.  For  the  occasion 
the  peojile  of  Toledo  had  made  liberal  and 
judicious  preparation.  On  the  fii-st  named 
day,  at  10  a.  5i.,a  procession  was  formed,  which 
mai-ched  from  the  Boodj- House  along  .Madison 
to  Seventeenth  street  ;  thence  to  Monroe,  and 
the  Saengerfest  Building  on  that  street.  Here 
the  first  session  of  the  Society  was  opened  by 
Captain  D.  R.  Austin,  Chairman  of  the  Toledo 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Executive  Committee,  calling  upon  Chaplain 
H.  M.  Bacon  to  offer  prayer,  when  General 
Sheridan,  President,  took  the  chair,  and  the 
business  of  the  Society  was  begun.  Messages 
of  regret  for  absence  were  read  from  General 
Grant,  at  Galena  ;  and  President  Hayes,  and 
Generals  Sherman  and  A.  McD.  McCook,  at 
San  Francisco;  also,  a  letter  of  like  import 
from  General  W.  S.  Hancock,  then  a  candidate 
for  President  of  the  United  States.  A  business 
session  was  held,  and  adjournment  taken  until 
8  o'clock  p.  M.,  at  which  time  the  hall  was  com- 
pletely filled  by  citizens.  General  Sheridan 
called  the  meeting  to  order,  when  Captain  J. 
Kent  Hamilton,  for  the  Toledo  Committee,  de- 
livered an  address  of  welcome  to  the  Society. 
The  Arion  Society  rendered  a  vocal  selection, 
when  General  Ben.  Harrison,  of  Indiana,  deliv- 
ered the  annual  address,  and  was  followed  by 
Mrs.  E.  M.  Irving,  who  recited  a  poem  written 
by  Mrs.  Kate  B.  Sherwood,  entitled  "  Thomas 
at  Chickamauga."  General  James  A.  Garfield, 
then  the  Republican  nominee  for  President, 
delivered  an  address  to  the  Society.  General 
Garfield  referred  eloquently  to  the  battle  of 
Chickamauga,  giving  prominence  to  the  fact, 
that  in  that  contest  was  signally  shown  the 
extent  to  which  the  two  elements  of  the  Eegular 
Army  and  the  Volunteei's,  had  been  harmo- 
niously united  in  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland. 
He  said : 

Thomas  stood  like  a  rock,  the  center  of  that 
mighty  fight ;  and  yet,  with  all  that,  behind  him,  in 
front  of  him — all  around  him,  in  fact — were  the 
gallant,  courageous  volunteers,  making  the  elements 
of  science,  art  and  courage  triumphant  in  the  fight. 
Think  of  it  for  a  moment — and  I  take  pleasure  in 
referring  to  it.  Here,  away  off  on  the  hills,  posted  at 
a  special  post,  to  do  a  special  charge,  were  some  three 
Ohio  Brigades.  When  their  commander  heard  the 
sound  of  cannon  on  the  20th  September,  at  Chicka- 
mauga, he  would  not  lie  by  and  guard  a  bridge. 
Gordon  Granger,  with  J.  B.  Steedman  as  second, 
marched  to  the  sound  of  cannon  until  they  came  into 
the  fight.  When,  riding  forward,  they  asked  Thomas, 
"Where  shall  we  go  in?"  the  answer,  in  two  mono- 
syllables, came,  "You  see."  A  force  almost  in  his 
rear — a  force  on  his  flank — the  three  Ohio  Brigades, 
the  most  of  whom  had  never  heard  the  sound  of  a 
hostile  shot,  filled  the  gap.  Not  less  than  700  were 
dead  and  wounded  in  40  minutes'  fighting.  But  they 
protected  the  fl^ank,  making  them  a  living  wall  of 
fire  around  Thomas.  There  was  the  practiced,  trained 
Soldier,  and  with  bim  the  enthusiasm  of  the  inde- 
pendent, thinking  Volunteer,  that  made  our  war 
triumphant  and  victorious. 


Brief  remarks  were  made  by  General  W.  B. 
Hazen,  General  Fullerton,  General  James  Bur- 
nett, General  H.  M.  Cist,  General  C.  C.  Doolittle, 
and  General  J.  W.  Fuller. 

On  the  23d,  an  excursion  to  Put-in  Bay  was 
tendered  the  Society,  which  was  much  enjoj-ed, 
the  business  of  the  session  being  continued  on 
board  the  Steamer  Chief  Justice  Waite,  inehid- 
ing  the  election  of  oflBcers  for  the  ensuing  j'car, 
as  follows:  President,  General  Sheridan; 
Corresponding  Secretary,  General  H.  M.  Cist ; 
Recording  Secretary,  General  J.  W.  Steele; 
Treasurer,  General  J.  S.  Fullerton ;  Vice  Presi- 
dents, Captain  H.  H.  Tinker,  for  Ohio.  Chat- 
tanooga was  selected  for  the  place  of  meeting 
in  1881,  with  General  B.  H.  Bristow  as  orator 
for  that  occasion  In  the  evening  a  large 
assemblage  of  citizens  filled  the  Hall,  where 
there  was  speaking  by  General  Harrison,  and 
a  supper  prepared  by  the  citizens — the  whole 
affair  having  been,  in  all  respects,  pleasant  to 
the  visitors,  and  gratifying  to  the  people  of 
Toledo. 


ARMY  OF   NORTHWESTERN   OHIO. 

An  organization,  known  as  "  The  Army  of 
Northwestern  Ohio,"  was  made  at  Toledo,  July 
15,  1870,  by  a  meeting  of  Union  Soldiers,  of 
which  General  P.  S.  Slevin  was  made  Chair- 
man, and  General  P.  C.  Haj'es,  Secretary.  A 
constitution  and  by  laws  were  adopted,  and  the 
following  officers  elected  :  President,  General 
P.  S.  Slevin;  Vice  Presidents,  General  William 
Stough,  Colonel  W.  E.  Haynes  and  General 
J.  C.  Lee  ;  Secretary,  General  P.  C.  Hayes ; 
Treasurer,  Major  J.  R.  Swigart. 


ITNTON   EX-PRI.SONERS   OF   WAR. 

No  bond  of  sympa- 
thy and  interest  is 
stronger  in  the  human 
heart,  than  is  that 
wrought  by  common 
experience,  and  espe- 
cially of  common  suf- 
fering; and  it  would 
be  difficult  to  conceive 
of  a  relation  in  life 
binding  men  more 
firmly  together  than 
that  sustained  by  Union  Soldiers  in  Rebel 
prisons,  as  portrayed  in  the  facts  here  given. 


UNION  EX-PRISONERS  OF   ]VAR. 


227 


Hence,  the  strong  hold  of  sympathies  on  each 
other,  which  is  not  possible  among  comrades 
who  escaped  such  terrible  experience. 

The  more  fullj-  to  recognize  this  sentiment  of 
common  suifering,  a  large  number  of  Union 
Ex-Prisoners  of  War  convened  at  Toledo,  Oc- 
tober 1  and  2,  1879,  and  spent  the  two  days  in 
rehearsing  their  prison  life  and  cultivating 
closer  relations  of  sympathy.  The  attend- 
ance was  large  and  the  interest  very  deep. 
Ample  preparation  was  made  for  the  occasion 
by  the  citizens  of  Toledo.  Saengerfest  Hall 
had  been  secured  for  the  meetings.  The 
visitors  were  welcomed  by  Mayor  Jacob  Eomeis, 
on  the  part  of  the  City;  by  Dr.  D.  P.  Chamber- 
lin,  on  the  part  of  the  resident  Ex-Prisoners; 
and  b}-  General  J.  W.  Fuller,  in  behalf  of  the 
Soldiery  of  Toledo.  Mrs.  H.  D.  Walbridge 
read  an  address  ("  Looking  Backward  "),  writ- 
ten by  Miss  Emily  S.  Bouton  ;  and  Mrs.  E.  M. 
Irving  recited  "  Sheridan's  Eide.  " 

Among  the  sjieakers  on  the  occasion  was 
General  James  A.  Garfield,  whose  address  chal- 
lenged the  closest  attention.  In  the  course  of 
his  remarks  he  said  : 

To  say  that  a  man  is  willing  to  die  for  his  country, 
is  a  good  deal ;  but  these  men  who  sit  before  us  have 
said  a  great  deal  more  than  that.  I  would  like  to 
know  where  the  man  is,  who  would  calmly  step  out 
on  this  platform  and  say  :  "  I  am  ready  to  starve  to 
death  for  my  country."  That  would  be  an  enormous 
thiug  to  say.  But  there  is  a  harder  thing  than  that. 
Find  a  man,  if  you  can,  who  will  step  forth  and  say : 
"  I  am  wilHng  to  become  an  idiot  for  my  country." 
Now,  let  me  make  this  statement  to  you,  fellow- 
citizens  :  One  hundred  and  eight)'-eight  thousand 
such  as  this  were  captured  by  the  Rebels  who  were 
fighting  our  Government.  One  hundred  and  eighty- 
eight  thousand  ! — forty  times  as  many  as  there  are 
persons  now  in  tliis  building.  And  to  every  man  of 
that  enormous  company,  there  stood  open,  night  and 
day,  the  offer — '•  If  you  will  join  the  Rebel  Army  and 
lift  up  your  hand  against  your  flag,  you  are  free ! 
And  you  shall  have  food ;  and  you  shall  have  cloth- 
ing;   and  you  shall  see   wife,   mother  and   child." 


And  do  you  know,  that  of  the  one  hundred  and  eighty- 
eight  thousand  there  were  less  than  three  thousand 
who  accepted  that  ofTer?  And  of  these,  perhaps 
nine-tenths  did  it  with  the  mental  reservation  that 
they  would  desert  at  the  first  opportunity.  But 
185,000  of  the  188,000  said:  "No!  Not  to  see 
wife  again — not  to  see  child  again — not  to  avoid  star- 
vation— not  to  escape  idiocy,  nor  the  most  loathsome 
of  loathsome  deaths — will  I  lift  this  hand  of  mine 
against  my  country  !  "  1  bow  in  reverence— 1  would 
stand  with  un.sandalled  feet — in  the  presence  of  such 
heroism  and  such  suffering.  And  I  would  say  to  you, 
fellow-citizens,  such  an  assemblage  as  this  has  never 
before  met  on  this  great  earth. 

EX-PRISONERS'    ORGANIZATION. 

November  3,  1879,  a  meeting  of  Union  Ex- 
Prisoners  of  War,  chiefly  residents,  was  held 
at  Toledo,  for  the  jjurpose  of  effecting  a  perma- 
nent organization  with  a  view  to  social  advan- 
tages and  to  the  promotion  of  such  other  inter- 
ests common  to  them  as  occasions  might  favor. 
The  result  was  the  institution  of  the  Union 
Ex-Prisoners  of  War  Association  of  Toledo, 
with  the  following  officers,  who  were  to  serve 
until  the  annual  meeting  to  be  held  in  Jan- 
uary, 1881,  to-wit : 

President,  Dr.  D.  P.  Chamberlin.  Vice-President, 
A.  W.  Storms.  Treasurer,  Daniel  Harmon.  Sec- 
retary, J.  F.  Holliger. 

The  officers  of  the  Association  since  have 
been  as  follows  : 

President— Dr.  D.  P.  Chamberlin,  1879-85.  Geo. 
W.  Vrooman,  1885-7. 

Vice-President— A.  W.  Storms,  1879-81;  C.  L. 
Thomas,  1881;  Geo.  W.  Vrooman,  1882;  Alfred  R. 
Hill,  1883-84;  Wm.  Adelsperger,  1885-86;  J.  W. 
Greene,  18S7. 

Treasurer — Daniel  Harmon,  1879-84;  Jabez  W. 
King,  188.5-87. 

Secretary— J.  F.  Holliger,  1879-87. 

Following  is  a  list  of  names  of  Union  Ex- 
Prisoners  of  War  of  the  Eebellion,  residing  in 
Lucas  and  adjoining  Counties: 


Names. 

Sank. 

Begiment. 

Co. 

Where  Captured. 

Dale. 

Eesidence. 

Dr.  D.  P.  Chamberlin... 

Surgeon. 

4th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Turkev  Bend,  Va. 

July    1,1862 

Toledo,  Ohio. 

John   H.  IMcElroy 

Sergeant. 

Ifith  Ills.  V.  C. 

L 

Jonesville,   Va. 

Jan.    3,  1863 

Washington,  D.  C. 

George  W.  Vrooman 

" 

100th  0.  V.  I. 

H 

Limest'e  Sta.,Tenn 

Sept.  8,  1863 

Toledo,  Ohio. 

J.  F.  Holliger 

Private. 

72d   0.  V.  I. 

B 

Guntown.  Mi.ss. 

June  12, 1864 

** 

S.  S.  Cantield 

Captain. 

21st  O.  V.  I. 

K 

Chickaraauga,Ten. 

Sept.  22, 1863 

Jabez  W.  King . 

Private. 

2d   M.  V.  1. 

B 

Bull  Run,  Va. 

July  2],  1861 

William  Adelsperger 

(( 

9th  0.  V.  C. 

G 

Florence,  Ala. 

Apr.  29,  1864 

John  W.  Browns  jerger. 

Corporal. 

100th  0.  V.  I. 

A 

Limest'e  Sta. ,  Ten  n 

Sept.  8,  1863 

Daniel  Harmon 

Com.  Sergt. 

ISth  M.  V.  1. 

K 

Athens.   Alabama. 

Mar.  24, 1864 

William  P.  Scott 

Captain. 

25th  ().  V.  1. 

A 

Chancellorsnlle. 

Mav    2,  1S63 

228 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Karnes. 


Henry  Bodiiuis 

.losiah  C.  Pardy 

Quade  C.  Haynes 

Matthew  Scott 

James  L.  Knight 

Edward  H.  Chase 

J.  \V.  Greene 

Oscar  N.  Tindall 

Frank  AV.  Smith 

Spencer  A.  Young 

Alberto.  Buck 

Jacob  Confer 

James  L.  Barrett — 

Michael  Adams 

J.  C.  Horton 

Ezra  S.  Dodd 

Charles  Haas 

Michael  Zimmer 

J.  W.  Stone 

James  B.  Menhennick. 

Morris  Stack 

John  L.  Slawson 

James  H.  Spain 

J.  L.  Lesslie 

Erastus  P.  Hawks 

Robert  Newton 

Arnold  McMahon 

W.  T.  Ridenour 

Henry  Albert 

Henry  Sterk 

J.  P.  Shook 

George  Garfield 

J.  J.  Nohl 

Wm.  Schultz 

J.  W.  Jaquett 

W.  C.  Mettler...    

Frank  B.  Colver 

F.C.Bonner 

J.  H.  Hazlewood ^_ 

August  Burde 

George  Stahl 

Louis  Trotter 

Frank  Ludwig 

Henry  F.  Bishoff 

John  Stadel 

Charles  H.  Bennett 

JuhusE.  Otto 

Peter  Thome 

George  R.  Morris 

Leonard  Burkert 

Archie  Van  Hauton 

John  Dunkleberger 

Ira  Beverly 

John  M.  Butler 

Oliyer  P.  Clark 

William  Bartholomew . 

Hiram  Wellman 

H.  C.  Van  Fleet 

Alexander  Munch 

Lafayette  Shanon 

A.  A.  Reed 

John  Stair 

G.  W.  Hollspeter 

C.V.Clark 

William  Anglebeck 

Edwin  Sly 

George  W.  Vail 

John  Ryan 

James  Blain 

Albert  R.  Wickham 

George  Guilbach 

'Alfred  R.  Hill 

Harrison  E.  Randall... 
Levi  Lenardson 


Rank. 


Sergeant. 
Captain. 

Private. 
Corporal. 
Sergeant. 
Captain. 
1st  Lieut. 

Private. 


Musician. 

Private. 

Major. 

Private. 

Sergt.-Maj. 
Private. 


Corporal. 
1st  Lieut. 
Corporal. 

Private. 

Colonel. 
Surgeon. 

Private. 


2d  Lieut. 
Sergeant. 

Captain. 

(( 

Private. 

Lieutenant, 

Private. 


Drummer. 
Private. 


Corporal. 
Private. 


Corporal. 
Sergeant. 

Private. 


Corporal. 

Private. 
Sergeant. 

Private. 

Sergeant. 
1st  Lieut. 


Regiment. 


9th  M.  V.  I. 

9th  M.  V.  I. 
1st  M.  V.  I. 

14th  O.  V.  I. 
100th  O.  V.  I. 
110th  U.S.C.T. 

26th  I.  V.  I. 

1st  M.  V.  C. 

123d  O.  V.  I. 

18th  M.  V.  I. 

123d  O.  V.  I. 
2d  O.  V.  I. 

1st  M.  V.  I. 

37th  O.  V.  I. 

34th  0.  V.  I. 

184th  0.  V.  I. 

37th  O.  V.  I. 

37th  O.  V.  1. 

100th  O.V.I. 

14th  0.  V.  I. 

27th  O.  V.  I. 
89th  Ills.  V.  I 
164th  N.  Y.V.I. 
18th  Pa.  V.   C. 

5th  M.  V.  C. 

.5th  U.  S.  Cav. 

21stO.V.  L 

120th  O.  V.  I. 

lOOth  O.  V.  I. 

100th  O.  V.  I. 

100th  O.  V.  I. 

100th  O.V.I. 

37th  0.  V.  I. 

37th  0.  V.  I. 

100th  O.  V.  I. 

101st  0.  V.  I. 

103d  0.  V.  I. 

14th  O.  V.  I. 

47th  O.  V.  I. 

lUth  O.V.I. 

111th  O.V.L 

111th  O.V.I. 

111th  O.V.L 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72dO. 
72dO 
72dO 

37th  O 

14th  0 

67th  O. 
88th  U 


Co. 


Sergeant. 

Private. 

(( 

Corporal. 
Private. 


V.I. 
.  V.  I. 
,  V.  I. 

.  V.  I. 

V.  I. 

V.  L 
S.I. 


184th  O.  V.  I. 
100th  O.  V.  I. 
21st  0.  V.  I. 
1st  O.  L.  Art. 
123d  0.  V.  I. 
16th  111.  Cav. 

14th  O.V.L 

37th  O.  V.  I. 

14th  O.  V.  I. 

14th  0.  V.  I. 
100th  O.  V.  I, 
lOOthO.  V.  I. 

29th  O.  V.  I. 
144th  O.  V.  I. 

14th  O.  V.  I. 

49th  O.  V.  I. 


47th  O.  V.  I. 

21st  O.  V.  L 

rth  O.  V.  I. 


Murfreesboro. 
Murfreesboro. 
Bull  Run,  Va. 
Chattanooga,  Tenn 
Limest'e  Sta..Tenn 
Athens,   Alabama. 
Morganza,  Texas. 
Trevelien   Station. 
New  Hope  Church 
Athens,    Alabama. 
High  Bridge,  Va. 
Chickamauga. 
Murfreesboro. 
Atlanta,  Ga. 
Winchester,  Va. 


Where  Captured. 


Date. 


Apr. 

Apr. 

Apr. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

July 

June 

Feb. 

Sept. 

April 

Apr. 

Dec. 

July 

Apr. 


Atlanta,  Ga.  Apr.  22,  1864 

Atlanta,  Ga.  Apr.  22,  1864 

Limest'e  Sta., Tenn  Sept.  8,  1863 
Franklin,  Tenn.  Nov.  30, 1864 
Fort  Darling.  April  1,  1865 

New  Hope  Church  May  27, 1864 
Rheam's  Sta.,  Va.  Aug.  25, 1864 
Staffords  C.  H.  Aug.  13,1863 
Falmouth,  Va.  Aug.  28, 1863 
Kelly's  Ford,  Va.  Apr.  17,  1862 
Chickamauga,Ten.  Sept.29, 1861 
Bull  Run.  Aug.27.  1862 

Limestone  Station.  Sept.  8,  1863 
Limestone  Station.  Sept.  8,  186: 
Limestone  Station.  Sept.  8,  1861 
Limestone  Station.  Sept.  8, 1863 
Atlanta,  Ga.  July  22,  1864 

Atlanta,  Ga.  July  22,  1864 

Cass  Station,  Va.  May  24,  1864 
Chickamauga.  Sept.l9,  1863 

Winchester,  Va.  Junel5,  1863 
Atlanta.  Ga.  July  22,  1864 

Atlanta,  Cia.  July  22,  1864 

Stone  Mountain.  July  20,  1864 
Stone  Mountain.  July  20,  1864 
Stone  Mountain.  Julv  20,  1864 
Stone  Mountain.  July  20.  1864 
Guntown,  Miss.  Junel2,  1864 
Guntown,  Miss.  Junel2,  1864 
Guntown,  Miss.  Junel2,  1864 
Guntown,  Mi.ss.  Junel2,  1864 
Atlanta.  July  22,  1864 

Atlanta.  Julv  22,  1864 

Harrows'  Land.,Va  Aug.22,  1864 
Murfreesboro,  Ten.  Dec.  31,  1862 
Petersburg,  Va.  Oct.  27,  1864 
Limestone  Station.  Sept.  8,  1863 
Chickamauga.  Sept.20,  1863 

Pulaski,  Tenn.  May  4,  1862 
New  Hope  Church  Feb.  ._,  1864 
Jonesville,  Va.  March,  1865 
Atlanta,  Ga.  Julv  22,  1864 

Atlanta,  Ga.  Julv  22,  1864 

Atlanta,  Ga.  Julv  22, 1864 

Atlanta,  Ga.  July  22, 1864 

Limestone  Station.  Sept.  8,  1863 
Limestone  Station.  Sept.  8,  1863 
Postville,  Va.  Jan.    9.  1862 


Chickamauga. 


Atlanta. 
Chickamauga. 
Fort  Wagner. 


14th-lU0thOVI  I&F  Limestone  Station 


100th  0.  V.  I. 
100th  O.  V.  I. 


Limestone  Station 
'Limestone  Station 


1862 

186 

1862 

1863 

1863 

1864 

186;: 

1864 

1864 

1864 

1865 

1863 

1864 

1864 

1864 


Residence. 


Toledo,  Ohio. 


Sept.20,  1863 


Maumee,  Ohio. 
Maumee,  Ohio. 
Maumee,  Ohio. 
Maumee.  Ohio. 
Lucas  Co. 
Richfield.  LucasCo. 
Richfiel.l,LucasCo. 
Richfield,  LucasCo. 
Richfield, LucasCo. 
Sylvania,  Ohio. 
Monclova,  Ohio. 
Maumee,  Ohio. 
VVaterville,  Ohio. 
Monclova,  Ohio. 
Swanton,  (_)hio. 
Grand  Rapids,  0. 
White  House,  O. 
Grand  Rapids,  O. 
White  House,  O. 
Waterville,  Ohio. 


July  22,  1864 
Sept.2] ,  1863 
July  18, 1863 
Sept.  8,  1863 
Sept.  8,  1863 
Sept.  8,  1863 


Mataraora,  Ohio. 
Matamora,  Ohio. 
Ottokee,  Ohio. 
Wauseon,  Ohio. 
Wauseon,  Ohio. 
Wauseon,  Ohio. 


HNfON   HX-I'JUSOXIcns   OF    WAR. 


229 


Names. 


C.  Bayes 

William  Weir 

James  Hodges 

John  F.  Baker 

John  P.Holland 

D.  D.  Uonohue 

P.  Moore 

A.  B.  Smith 

C.  Baize 

S.  L.  Lawrence 

W.  H.  Upham 

Allen  E.  AVinters 

C.  E.  Reynolds    

Jeremiah  Bard.  

Joseph  Grim 

M.  Armstrong 

Joseph  Siford 

E.  H.  Dawson 

A.  Yeager 

J.  F.  Stockman 

John  Sit'ord 

Henry  Snider 

Nicholas  Barnhard 

Joseph  J.  Lewis 

John  McBride 

W.  M.  Thrapp 

L.  Chadwick 

Thomas  Burrows 

James  Timmons 

George  Burget 

W.  W.  Brown 

Hiram  Charles 

J.  0.  Wickham 

Andrew  Pargellis 

James  Carter 

George  W.  Mathews 

William  Shepard 

L  N.  Wheel 

L.  McCoUey 

John  Soash 

Thomas  Mawer 

C.  S.  Bember 

Andrew  Glenn 

A.  J.  Orme 

J.  A.  Mohle 

Henrv  Hoebler — 

W.S."  Chadwick 

D.  Lusk 

Th.  Freesly 

I.  A.  Graham 

Samnel  Hathaway 

John  S.  Mahoney 

W.  W.  Hill 

Andrew  J.  Munn 

Louis  Hillock 

B.  C.  Harman 

S.  W.  Sineet 

J.  Hulfman 

Robert  IL  Householder.. 

C.  Walters 

Jerry  Heath 

Hiram  Edger 

Lewis  Edger 

John  Warner. 

Chauncey  Walters 

A.  J.  Bates 

Daniel  Shea 

Jacob  Hoffman 

Thomas  Russell 

Christian  Michael 

E.  R.  Sage 

Thomas  Graham 

Charles  Hunt 

Mon.  Heath 


Sank. 


Private. 

1st  Sergt. 

Private. 


Sergeant. 

Private. 

Captain. 

Private. 
Corporal. 

Private. 

(( 

Q.  M.  Sergt. 

Private. 

Musician. 

Private. 


Sergeant. 

Col.  Bearer 

Private. 


Sergeant. 
Private. 
1st  Lieut. 
Private. 
Sergeant. 
1st  Sergt. 
1st  Sergt. 
Private. 


Corporal. 

Private. 

Captain. 

Private. 
It 

Bugler. 
Private. 


Sergeant. 
Corporal. 
Private. 


1st  Sergt. 

Private. 
Sergeant. 

Private. 


1st  Sergt. 
Private. 


2il  Sergt. 
Private. 


Regiment. 


V 
V. 
V. 


V.  L 


100th  O.  V.  I. 
lOOthO.  V.  I. 
lOOthO.  V.  I. 
100th  0.  V.  L 
lOOth  O.  V.  I. 
100th  O.V.I. 
lOOth  O.V.  L 
100th  O.  V.  I. 
100th  O.V.  I. 
3d  O.  Cav. 

l.S2d  O.  V.  I. 

55th  0.  V.  I. 

(isth  0.  V.  L 
McL.  Squad.C, 
lOoth  O.  V.  I. 
100th  0.  V.  I. 
100th  O.V.I. 
100th  O.  V.  I. 
100th  O.V.I. 
100th  O.  V.  I. 
100th  0.  V.  I. 
lOOthO.  V.I. 
100th  0.  V.  I. 

GSth  0.  V.  I. 
101st  0.  V.  I. 
lOOth  0.  V.  1. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

tiSth  O, 

5th  O, 

72d  0, 

21st  O, 
lOOthO.V.  I. 

21st  0.  V.  I. 
lUthO.V.  I. 
lUthO.  V.  I. 
144th  0.  V.  I. 

34th  O.  V.  1. 

OOth  O.  V.  I. 
100th  O.  V.  I. 
144th  0.  V.  I. 
100th  O.  V.  I. 

21st  O.  V.  I. 

14th  O.  V.  I 

8th  O.  V.  I. 

7th  O.  V.  I. 

21st  O.  V.  I. 
lOOthO.  V.  I. 
144th  O.  V.  I. 
144th  0.  V.  I. 
144th  O.V.I. 
21st  O.  V.  I. 

21st  O.  V.  I. 
123dO.  V.  I. 
100th  O.  V.  I. 

3d  O.  Cav. 

49th  O.  V.  I. 

24th  O.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 
100th  O.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

72d  O. 

72d  0, 

72d  O. 


V.  I. 
V.I. 
V.  L 


2d  O.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 
144th  O.  V.  I. 
144th  O.V.I. 
144th  O.V.  I. 
144th  O.  V.  I. 


Co. 


Where  Captured. 


Limestone 
Limestone 
Limestone 
Limestone 
Limestone 
Limestone 
Limestone 
Limestone 
Limestone 


Station 
Station 
Station, 
Station 
Station 
Station 
Station, 
Station, 
Station, 


Clinton,  Miss. 
'Uhens,  Georgia. 
Limestone  Station. 
Limestone  Station, 
Limestone  Station. 
Limestone  Station. 
Limestone  Station. 
Limestone  Station. 
Limestone  Station. 
Limestone  Station. 
Limestone  Station. 
Martin,  Miss. 
Chickamauga. 
Limestone  Station. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Morton's  Mill. 
Port  Republic. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Chattanooga,  Ten. 
Limestone  Station. 
Chattanooga. 
Stone  Mountain. 
Stone  Mountain. 
Berryville,  Va. 
Brooley,  Va. 


Limestone  Station, 
Berryville,  Va. 
Limestone  Station, 
Chattanooga,  Ten, 
(Jhickamauga,Ten 
Gettysburg. 


Chattanooga. 
Limestone  Station 
Berryville,  Va. 
Berryville,  Va. 
Berryville,  Va. 
Chattanooga. 
Chattanooga. 


Limestone  Station. 


Guntown,  Miss. 
Limestone  Station, 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  '\ass. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Mi.ss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Berryville,  Va. 
Berryville,  Va. 
Berryville,  Va. 
Berryville,  Va. 


Dale. 


Sept.  S, 
Sept.  S, 
Sept.  S, 
Sept.  8, 
Sept.  8, 
Sept.  8, 
Sept.  8, 
Sept.  8, 
Sept.  8, 


ISe."! 

1863 

180: 

18t)3 

1803 

18(i:i 

]8(>3 

18(53 

18G3 


May, 
Aug.  3, 
Sept.  8, 
Sept.  8, 
Sept.  8, 
Sept.  8, 
Sept. 
Sept, 
Sept, 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Feb, 


Sept.20, 
Sept.  8, 
JuneJ2, 
Feb.  9, 
.June  9, 
Junel2, 
Apr.  16, 
Sept.  8, 
Apr.  16, 
Sept.20, 
Sept.20, 
Aug.13, 
Junell, 


1863 

1804 

1863 

1863 

1863 

1803 

18( 

18()3 

1863 

1803 

1863 

1864 

1863 

1863 

1864 

1864 

1862 

1864 

1862 

1863 

1862 

1864 

1864 

1864 

1864 


Sept.  8, 
Aug.13, 
Sept.  8, 
Apr.  16, 
Sept.  9, 
Julv  3, 


1863 
18()4 
1863 
1862 
1863 
1863 


Apr.  16, 
Sept.  8, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.13, 
Apr.  16, 
Apr.  16, 


i86i; 

1863 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1862 
1862 


Residence. 


Sept.  8,  1863 


Junel2, 
Sept.  8, 
Junel2, 
Junel2, 
Junel2, 
Junel2, 
June  12, 
Junel2. 
Junel2, 
Junel2, 
Junel2, 
Junel2, 
Juncl2, 
Aug  13, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.13, 
Aug.13, 


1864 
1863 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1864 
18()4 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1864 
1864 


Wauseon,  Ohio. 
Wauseon,  Ohio. 
Wauseon,  Ohio. 
Delta,  Ohio. 
Lyons,  Ohio. 
Delta,  Ohio. 
Delta,  Ohio. 
Wauseon,  Ohio. 
Wauseon,  Ohio. 
Pettisville,  Ohio. 
Delta,  Ohio. 
Lyons,  Ohio. 
Napoleon,  Ohio. 
Holgate,  Ohio. 
Napoleon,  Ohio. 
Napoleon,  Ohio. 
Florida,  Ohio. 
Napoleon,  Ohio. 
Napoleon,  Ohio. 
Napoleon,  Ohio. 
Napoleon,  Ohio. 
Napoleon,  Ohio. 
Napoleon,  Ohio. 
Florida,  Ohio. 
Black  Ash  P.O.,  O 
Napoleon,  Ohio. 
Napoleon,  Ohio. 
Napoleon,  Ohio. 
Perrysburg,  Ohio. 
Perrysburg,  Ohio. 
Perryisburg,  Ohio. 
Perrysburg,  Ohio. 
Perrysburg,  Ohio. 
Hull  Prairie,  Ohio 
Hull  Prairie,  Ohio 
Tontogany,  Ohio. 
Tontogany,  Ohio. 
Tontogany,  Ohio. 
Tontogany,  Ohio. 
Tontogany,  Ohio. 
Tontogany,  Ohio. 
Tontogany,  Ohio. 
Tontogany,  Ohio. 
Tontogany,  Ohio. 
Tontogany,  Ohio. 
Tontiigany,  Ohio. 
Tontcigany,  Ohio. 
West  Millgrove,  O 
Freeport,  Ohio. 
Freeport,  Ohio. 
Pemljerville,  Ohio 
Bradner,  Ohio. 
Weston,  Ohio. 
Weston,  Ohio. 
West  Millgrove 
West  Millville. 
Bradner,  Ohio. 
Bradner,  Ohio. 
Scott's  Ridge. 
Prairie  Depot,  O. 
Prairie  Depot,  O. 
Prairie  Depot,  O. 
Prairie  Depot,  O. 
Prairie  Depot,  O. 
Prairie  Depot,  O. 
Prairie  Depot,  O. 
Prairie  Deyjot,  O. 
Bradner,  Ohio. 
Prairie  Depot,  O. 
Prairie  Depot,  O. 
Prairie  Depot,  O. 
Prairie  Depot,  O. 
Prairie  Depot,  O. 
Prairie  Depot,  O. 


O. 


i';!() 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  TjUCAS  COUNTY. 


Nama. 


Abram  V.  Smith 

Jacob  Baker 

Valentine  H.  Ault 

Benjamin  Rhodes 

Dock  Jones 

Samuel  Hess 

J.  J.  Werner 

Levi  Shea 

William  Furry 

William  Feaga 

James  Facer 

Jason  A.  Dyche 

JohnR.  Porter 

William  C.  Ritter 

William  Bensinger 

Isaac  Cusac 

Simon  P.  Obermier 

William  Dideway__ 

John  Moreheart 

Isaac  Fellers 

William  McKinnis 

Robert  W.  Elder 

John  W.  Whitehurst--- 

Godfried  Nusser 

Anson  J.  Glatlieart 

Michael  Newman 

James  Wilson 

Henry  D.  Taylor 

Henry  H.  Metzler 

H.  H.  Alban 

Jacob  Krouse 

James  H.  Leaf 

Adam  Helfrick 

Augustin  J.  Vigeseen 

F.  H.  Knapps 

Mosebeim  Hoffman 

L.  M.Thomas 

Charles  Lano 

G.  A.  Gessner 

P.  Carnison 

Daniel  Carnison 

Marcus  Woolf 

Adam  Bruthover 

J.  P.  Elderkin 

George  Howk 

Andrew  Barton 

Elijah  Culbert 

Thomas  Jackson 

A.  J.  Gulp 

D.  Van  Doren 

Thomas  Fisher 

Austin  Fisher 

John  Fairbank 

E.  B.  Moore 

James  H.  Fowler 

A.  Brunthan 

Charles  Kramb 

Michael  Lattig 

Andrew  Hupher 

Jacob  Schneider 

Charles  Boyd 

Charles  W.  Jones 

George  Piersons 

Joseph  Piersons 

Daniel  Wright 

B.B.Williams " 

William  M.  Barber 

George  W.  Robinson__. 

A.  A.  Collier 

Jacob  Helmka 

Charles  P.  Mason 


Sank. 


Private. 


Corporal. 

Private. 

Corporal. 

Private. 

Corporal. 


Captain. 


Private. 

Sergeant. 

Private. 

Corporal. 

Private. 


Sergeant. 
Corporal. 

Captain. 

(( 

Corporal. 

Captain. 

Corporal. 

Corporal. 

Private. 
(( 

Lieutenant, 
Private. 


Hosp.  Stew, 
Private. 


Sergeant. 

a 

Private. 


Lieutenant, 
Private. 

a 

Captain. 
1st  Sergeant 


Private. 

(( 

Captain. 
Sergeant. 
Corporal. 

Private. 


Sergeant. 

Corporal. 

Private. 


Segimeni. 


21st  O.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

1st  O.  L.  Art. 

21st  O.  V.  I. 

21st  O.  V.  I. 

3d  0.  Cav. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

lUth  O.V.I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

72d  0.  V.  I. 

lllthO.  V.  I. 

21st  O.  V.  I. 

21st  O.  V.  I. 


21st  0.  V.  I. 
21st  O.  V.  I. 

21st  0.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
21st  0.  V.  I. 
57th  O.  V.  I. 
21stO.  V.  L 
21st  O.  V.  I. 
82d  O.  V.  I. 
99th  O.  V.  I. 
21st  O.  V.  I. 
o7th  O.  V.  I. 
21st  0.  V.  I. 
57th  O.  V.  I. 
100th  O.V.L 
21st  O.  V.  I. 
21st  O.  V.  1. 
21st  0.  V.  I. 
21st  O.  V.  I. 
21st  O. 
2Lst  O 
9th  O, 
57th  0.  V.  I. 
21st  O.  V.  I. 
21st  O.  V.  I. 
72d  0.  V.  I. 
100th  O.  V.  I. 
100th  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  0.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
14th  O.  V.  I. 

12th  Cav. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

22d  0.  Battery. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

72d  0.  V.  I. 

72d  0.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  L 

72d  0.  V.  I. 

100th  O.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

72d  0.  V.  I. 

72d  0.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

72d  O.  V.  I. 

100th  0.  V.  I. 

100th  O.  V.  I. 

100th  O.  V.  I. 

100th  O.  V.  I. 

7th  O.  V.  I. 

7th  O.  V.  I. 

2d  O.  V.  I. 

6th  U.  S.  Cav. 

3d  0.  V.  C. 

3d  O.  V.  C. 


V.  I. 
V.I. 
V.  L 


Co. 


Where  Captured. 


Chattanooga,  Ten. 
Guntown,  Miss. 


Chattanooga,  Ten. 
Chattanooga,  Ten. 


Guntown,  Miss. 
Stone  Mountain. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Blaine  CrsRds,Ten 
Chickamauga. 
Big    Shanty,    Ga., 

while   on    secret 

service. 
Chickamauga. 
Ringgold,    one    of 

Mitehel  raiders. 
Chickamauga. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Chickamauga. 
Chickamauga. 
Chickamauga. 
Stone  River. 
iAqua  Creek. 
Chickamauga. 
Stone  River. 
Atlanta. 
Chickamauga. 
(Atlanta. 

jLimestone  Station. 
|Chickamauga. 
Chickamauga. 
iSequatchie  Valley. 
iStone  River. 
iMurfreesboro. 
Bentonville,  N.  C. 
Florence,  Ala. 
Atlanta,  Ga. 
Chickamauga,Ten. 
Chickamauga.Ten. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Limestone  Station. 
'Limestone  Station. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Chickamauga. 


Date. 


Apr.  16,  1863 
Junel2,  1864 


Apr.  16,  1863 
Apr.  16,  1863 


Residence. 


Guntown,  Miss. 


Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Limestone  Station. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  MLss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Guntown,  IMiss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Jonesboro,  Tenn. 
Jonosboro,  Tenn. 
Jonesboro,  Tenn. 
Jonesboro.  Tenn. 
Chancellorsville. 
Chancellorsville. 
Richmond,  Ky. 
Gettysburg. 
Fayetteville,  Tenn. 
Faj'etteville,  Tenn. 


Junel2,  1864 
Sept.20,  1864 
Junel2,  1864 
Junel2,  1864 
Jan.  7,  1864 
Sept.21,  1863 


Apr.  14,  1S62 
Sept.20,  1863 

Apr.  11, 1862 
Sept.20,  1863 
Junel2,  18(!4| 
Sept.20,  1863' 
Sept.22,  ISO.". 
Sept.20,  1863 
Dec.  31,  1862 
Deo.  19,  1862 
Sept.20,  1863. 
Dec.  30.  1862 
June22,  1864 
Sept.20,  1863 
June22,  1864 
Sept.  8,  1863 
Sept.20, 186:i 
Sept.20,  1863 
Sept.22,  1863: 
Dec.  3,  1862' 
Dec.  28, 1862 
April  19,18651 
May  16,  1864[ 
Julv22.  1864! 
Sept.  20,1863! 
Sept.  20,1863! 
June  12,1864 
Sept.  8,1863 
Sept.  8,1863 
June  12,1864 
June  12,1864 
June  12,1864 
June  12,1864 
Sept.  20,1863 


June  12,1864 


June 

June 

June 

June 

June 

Sept. 

June 

June 

June 

June 

June 

June 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

May 

May 

Feb. 

July 

Oct. 

Oct. 


12,1864 

12,1864 

12,1864 

12,1864 

12,1864 

8.1863 

12,1864 

12.1884 

12.1864 

12.1864' 

12,18641 

12,1864 

8,1863 

8,1863, 

8,1863; 

8,1863 

3,1863 

21863 

1864 

2,1862, 

12,1864 

12,1864! 


Le  Moyne,  Ohio. 
Le  Movne,  Ohio. 
Walbridge,  Ohio. 
Bradner,  Ohio. 
Martin,  Ohio. 
Haskins,  Ohio. 
Freeport,  Ohio. 
Freejaort,  Ohio. 
Stony  Kidge,  Ohio. 
Savannah.  Ga. 
Millbury,  Ohio. 
McComb,  Ohio. 


McComb,  Ohio. 
McComb,  Ohio. 

McComb,  Ohio. 
McComb,  Ohio. 
McComb,  Ohio. 
Findlay,  Ohio. 
Findlay,  Ohio. 
Findlay,  Ohio. 
I'^indlay,  Ohio. 
Findlay,  Ohio. 
Findlay,  Ohio. 
Findlay,  Ohio. 
Findlay   Ohio. 
Findlay,  Ohio. 
Findlay,  Ohio. 
Findlay,  Ohio. 
Findla'v,  Ohio. 
Findlay,  Ohio. 
Findlay,  Ohio. 
McComb,  Ohio. 
McComb,  Ohio. 
Van  Lue,  Ohio. 
Benton  Ridge,  O. 
Arcadia,  Ohio. 
North  Baltimore, 0 
North  Baltimore,  0 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Helena,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Fremont,  Ohio. 
Lindsay,  Ohio. 
Lindsay.  Ohio. 
Woodville,  Ohio. 
Woodville,  Ohio. 
Clvde,  Ohio. 
Clyde,  Ohio. 
Clytle,  Ohio. 
Clyde,  Ohio. 
Clvde,  Ohio. 
ClVde,  Ohio. 
Clyde,  Ohio. 
Clvde,  Ohio. 
Clyde,  Ohio. 
Clyde,  Ohio. 
Clyde,  Ohio. 


UNION  EX-PRISONERS  OF    [VAR. 


231 


Names. 


John  Grabach 

Henry  Grabach  

John  OarHs 

('.  L.  Dirlam 

Teter  Gust 

Albert  Bush 

Z.  Perrin 

H.  M.  I,av 

C.  N.  Davis 

W.  B.  Wolverton 

Thomas  Babcoek 

Alonzo  iSiinmerson 

Lafayette  McCarty 

Valentine  Ott 

Henry  Miller 

John  Witaker  

Frank  Babcoek 

Nathan  B.  Mason 

William  Feaga 

A.  G.  Harris 

J.  F.  Hutchison 

George  Unkert 

Andrew  Klein 

Louis  Laher 

John  Buchman 

Jacob  ^lohla 

Michael  VVeitstein 

Anthony  Younger 

Joseph  Younger 

Henry  Huntzinger 

Joseph  Huntzinger 

Thomas  Hearly 

Lysander  Ames 

George  Eslebe 

Doc.  Melious 

John  L.  Cook 

George  Wolcott 

D.  Hutchinson 

D.  S.  Caldwell 

William  Ross 

Walter  J.  Merchant 

Henry  Ennis 

J.  L.  Brown 

J.  W.  Armstrong 

E.  P.  Hawks 

John  L.  Slawson 

Eugene  Nettleton 

Lewis  Hope 

John  S.  Saxton 

Edwin  15owers 

Eldridge  Wetmore 

Oliver  Holman  

Joseph  Burkert 

John  F.  Reams 

Ira  B,  Horner 

D.  E.  Horner 

S.  T.  Wood 

W.  B.  Thacker 

John  Stevens 

D.  L,  Micner 

Benjaioiu  Hopper 

Frederick  Warner 

Joseph  Orth 

J.  L.  Shank 

John  Gent 

A.  L.  Bush    

I.  F.  Mack 

Nathan  W.  Hines 

L.  K.  Hawes 

B.  E.  Deely .. 

Henry  Schneider 

V.  B.Palmer 

William  H.  Havice 

O.  H.Rosenbaum 


Rank. 


Private. 

Sergeant. 

Private. 

Captain. 

Private. 
Corporal. 

Captain. 

2d  Sergt. 
4th  Sergt. 
5th  Sergt. 

Private. 


Musician. 
Private. 


Captain. 
Private. 

Sergeant. 
Private. 
Surgeon. 
Private. 
Corporal. 
Private. 


Bugler. 
Private. 
Corporal. 


Priv 


ate. 


Corporal. 
Surgeon. 
Private. 

Sergeant. 
Corporal. 
Private. 
Corporal. 

Private. 


Corporal. 
Captain. 


Regiment. 


V.  I. 
V.I. 
.  V.  I. 

,  I. 
,  I. 

V.I. 
.V.I. 
.  V.  I. 
.  V.  I. 
.  V.  I. 


.  I. 
.  I. 
.  I. 
.  I. 
I. 

.  I. 
.  I. 
.  I. 


3d  0.  V.  C. 
3d  0.  V.  C. 
72d  O.  V.  I 
72dO 
72dO 
72dO. 
72d  O.  V 
72d  O.  V 
72dO. 
72d  0. 
72d  O 
72d  O 
72d  O 
72d  O.  V.  I 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  0.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.V.I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  0.  V 
72d  O.  V 
72d  0.  V 
72d  O.  V 
72d  0.  V 
72d  O.  V 
72d  O.  V 
21st  0.  \ 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 

3d  0.  Cav. 
123d  0.  V.  I. 
123d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
49th  O.  V.  I. 
49th  0.  V.  I. 
ll(5th  O.  V.  I. 
101st  O.V.I. 

5th  M.  Cav. 

.S9th  111.  V.  I. 

2r.th  N.  Y.V.  I. 

15th  M.  V.  I. 

2d  O.  Cav. 
15th  M.  V.  L 
21st  O.  V.  I. 
101st  0.  V.  I. 
144th  0.  V.  I. 
144th  O.V.I. 
6.5th  O.  V.  I. 
65th  0.  V.  I. 
14th  O.  V.  I. 
55th  O.  V.  I. 
.5-5th  0.  V.  I. 
21st  O.  V.  I. 
21st  O.  V.  L 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 
.>5th  O.  V.  I. 
100th  O.  V.  I. 
72d  O.  V.  I. 

7th  0.  V.  I. 
122d  O.  V.  I. 
39th  Wis.  V.  I. 
123d  O.  V.  I. 
124th  O.  V.  I. 
55th  O.  V.  I. 
100th  O.  V.  I 
123d  O.  V.  I. 


Co. 


Where  Captured. 


Fayette  ville,  Tenn. 
East  Point,  Ala. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
I  Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Ripley,  Miss. 
Stone  River. 
Stone  River. 
Stone  River. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Fayetteville,  Tenn 
Winchester,  Va. 
Winchester,  Va. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Corinth,  Miss. 
Corinth,  Miss. 
\'irginia. 
Chickamauga. 
Falmouth,  Va. 
New  Hope  Church 
Gettysburg. 
Atlanta,  Ga. 
Reams  Station. 
Hickory  Valley. 
Chickamauga. 
Chickamauga. 
Berrj'ville,  Va. 
Berryville,  Va. 
Chickamauga. 
Chickamauga. 
Stone  Mountain 
Atlanta,  Ga. 
Atlanta,  Ga. 
Chickamauga. 
Chickamauga. 
Guntown.  Miss. 
Guntown,  Miss. 
Atlanta,  Ga. 
Limestone  Station. 
Guntown,  Mi.ss. 
Cro.ss  Lanes,  W.Va 
Cold  Harbor,  Va. 
Memphis,  Tenn. 
Winchester,  Va. 


Date. 


Residence. 


Atlanta,  Ga. 
Limestone  Station. 
Winchester,  Va. 


Oct.   12,1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
Dec.        1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12.1864  Clvde,  (Miio. 
June  12,1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Clvde,  Oliio. 
Jnnel2,l.S61  W'illou-liliv.  Ohio. 
June  12,1.S64  Xorwalk,  (')hio. 
June  12.1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  ]2,18()4  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Clyde,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Bradner,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Kingsway,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Kingsway,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Kingsway,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Kingsway,  Ohio. 
June  12,18f>4  Kingsway,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Kingsway,  Ohio. 
June  12,lS(i4  Kingsway,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Kingsway,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Fremont,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Fremont,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Elmore,  Ohio. 
Dec.     3,1862  Elmore,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Elmore,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Fremont,  Ohio. 
June  12,1864  Rollersville,  Ohio. 
Oct.    14,1863  Rollersville,  Ohio. 
June  15,1863  Green  Springs,  O. 
June  15,1863  Green  Springs,  O. 
June  12,1864  Green  Springs,  O. 
April  18,1862  Green  Springs,  O. 
June  12,1864  Green  Springs,  O. 
June  15,1863  Green  Springs,  O. 
Sept.  20,1863  Bettsville,  Ohio. 
Aug.  28,1863  Toledo,  Ohio. 
July  27,1864  Toledo,  Ohio. 
July    2,1863  Graytown,  Ohio. 
July  22,1864  Toledo,  Ohio. 
June  20,1864  Toledo,  Ohio. 
April  5,1863  Toledo,  Ohio. 
Sept.  20,1863  Bowling  Green,  O. 
Sept.  20,1863  Weston,  Wood  Co. 
Aug.  13,1864  Weston,  Wood  Co. 
Aug.  13,1864  Weston,  Wood  Co. 
Sept.  20,1863  Weston,  Wood  Co. 
Sept.  20,1863  Weston,  Wood  Co. 
Nov.  10,1864  Genoa,  Ottawa  Co. 
July  22,1864  Genoa,  Ottawa  Co. 
July  22,1864  Genoa,  Ottawa  Co. 
Sept.  21,1863  Genoa,  Ottawa  Co. 
Sept.  20,1863  Genoa,  Ottawa  Co. 
June  12,1864  Genoa,  Ottawa  Co. 
June  12,1864  Rockv  Ridge,  O. 
July  22,1864  Rocky  Ridge,  O. 
Sept.    8,1863  Rocky  Ridge,  O. 
June  11,1864  Rocky  Ridge,  O. 
Aug.  26,1861  Sanduskv,  Ohio. 
June  13,1864  Sanduskv,  Ohio. 
Aug.  24,1.8()4  Sandusky,  Ohio. 
June  15,1863'Sandusky,  Ohio. 

'Sandusky,  Ohio. 

.iuly  22,1864  Castalia,  Erie  Co.  O 
Sept.  8,1863  Castalia,  Erie  Co.  O 
Aprill8,18621Castalia,  Erie  Co.O 


232 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Noma. 

Rank. 

Segiment. 

Co. 

Where  Captured. 

Dale. 

Sesidence. 

A.  A.  McKish 

William  Auisly 

J.  P.  Fleming 

Peter  Sherer 

P.  Biehl .— 

J.  H.  (iroff    -      .- 

Private. 

Captain. 
Private. 

Captain. 
Private. 

41st  0.  V.  I. 
55th  0.  V.  I. 
101st  0.  V.  I. 
123d  0.  V.  I. 
107th  0.  V.  I. 
123d  0.  V.  I. 

3d  0.  Cav. 

3d  0.  Cav. 
49th  0.  V.  I. 

B 
H 
G 
G 
F 
G 
A 
K 
I 

Dallas. 

Bull  Kun. 

Stone  River,  Tenn. 

Winchester,  Va. 

Gettysburg. 

Winchester,  Va. 

May  24,1864 
Sept.    1,1863 
Dec.  31,1862 
June  14,1863 
July     4,1863 
June  14,1863 

Newberry,  Ohio. 
Castalia,  Erie  Co.  O 
Castalia,  Erie  Co.  0 
Sandusky,  Ohio. 
Sandusky,  Ohio. 
Sanduskv,  Ohio. 

Samuel  Currv 

E.  M.  Colver     

Favetteville,  Tenn.  (Jet.    14,lS63:Sanduskv,  Ohio. 
Favettoville,  Tenn.  Oct.    14,1863  Sandusky,  Ohio. 

AVarner  White      -      

Corinth,  Miss.         iAprill8,1863|Sanduskv,  Ohio. 

The  Ohio  State  Association  of  Union  Ex- 
Prisoners  of  AVar  was  organized  at  Norwalk, 
September,  1883,  with  the  following  officers : 

M.  T.  Britten,  President,  Cleveland  ;  G.  A.  Gess- 
ner,  First  Vice-President,  Fremont ;  D.  P.  Chamber- 
lain, Second  Vice-President,  Toledo ;  J.  E.  Hutton, 
Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Cleveland ;  Dan  Harman, 
Recording  Secretary,  Toledo. 

The  following  officers  served  for  1884-85  : 
G.  A.  Gessner,  President,  Fremont;  George  W. 
Vrooman,  Vice-President,  Toledo ;  Joseph  E.  Hutton, 
Second  Vice-President,  Cleveland  ;  I.  F.  Mack,  Treas- 
urer, Sandusky  ;  D.  S.  Moses,  Chaplain,  Fremont ; 
E.  B.  Moore,  Secretary,  Fremont. 


1885-86— George  W.  Vrooman,  President,  Toledo ; 
A.  R.  Hill,  Vice-President,  "Wauseon ;  Wm.  Hineline, 
Second  Vice-President,  Fremont;  D.  G.  Nesbit, 
Treasurer,  Cleveland  ;  D.  S.  Moses,  Chaplain,  Fre- 
mont; J.  W^.  King,  Secretary,  Toledo. 

1886-87— W.  H.  Polhamus,  President,  548  Detroit 
Street,  Cleveland;  S.  S.  Cantield.  1st  Vice-President, 
Toledo;  D.  S.  Moses,  2d  Vice-President,  Fremont; 
D.  G.  Nesbit,  Treasurer,  1279  White  Avenue,  Cleve- 
land; C.  C.  Shanklin,  Secretary,  55  Euclid  Avenue, 
Cleveland. 

1887-88— S.  S.  Canfleld,  President,  Toledo  ;  E.  R. 
Hart,  1st  Vice-President,  Cleveland  ;  William Hinline, 
2d  Vice-President,  Fremont ;  D.  G.  Ne.sbit,  Treasurer, 
Cleveland  ;  J.  F.  Holliger,  Secretary,  Toledo. 


MILITAEY  OEDEE,   LOYAL   LEGION,   UNITED   STATES. 
Instituted  at  Philadelphia,  Ajiril  15,  1865  (evening  of  the  assassination  of  President  Lincoln). 


"  The  object  of  this  Order  shall  be,  to  cherish  the 
memories  and  associations  of  the  War  in  defense  of 
the  Enity  and  Individuality  of  the  Republic ;  to 
strengthen  the  ties  of  fraternal  fellowship  and  sym- 
pathy formed  by  companionship-in-arms;  to  advance 
the  best  interests  of  Soldiers  and  Sailors  of  the  United 
States — especially  those  associated  as  members  of  this 
Order — and  to  extend  all  possible  relief  to  their  Wid- 
ows and  Children ;  to  foster  the  cultivation  of  Mili- 
tary and  Naval  Science ;  to  enforce  an  unqualified 
allegiance  to  the  General  Government ;  to  protect  the 
rights  and  liberties  of  American  Citizenship  ;  and  to 
maintain  National  Honor,  Union  and  Independence." 

ORGANIZATIOX. 

"The  several  constituted  bodies  of  this  Order 
shall  be  designated  as  Commanderies,  to  be  known 

as  the  '  Commandery  of  the  State  of ; '  and  a 

National  Commandery,  to  be  known  as  '  The  Com- 
mandery-in-Chief.' " 

MEMBEKSniP. 

The  members  of  Companions  of  this  Order  are  of 
three  classes : 

First  CZoss.— 1st.  Commissioned  Officers  and  hon- 
orably discharged  Commissioned  Ofiicers  of  the 
United  States  Army,  Navy  and  Marine  Corps,  Reg- 
ular or  Volunteer.  2d.  The  eldest  Sons  of  original 
Companions  of  the  First  Class,  and  of  Officers  dying 


previous  to   31st  of  December,  1885,  who  at   death 
were  available  for  membership. 

Second  Class. — The  eldest  Sons  of  living  original 
Companions  of  the  First  Class,  of  the  age  of  21  years 
and  over;  the  same  to  become  members  of  the  First 
Class  ujion  the  death  of  the  Companion  through 
whom  eligibility  to  the  Second  Class  was  derived. 

Third  Class. — Civilians  who  during  the  Rebellion 
were  speciall)-  distinguished  for  consistent  loyalty  to 
the  National  Government,  and  who  were  active  and 
eminent  in  maintaining  the  supremacy  of  the  same — 
the  number  of  such  Class  not  to  exceed  the  ratio  of 
one  to  thirty-three  of  the  First  Class. 

OFFICERS   OP   COJIMANDERY-IN-CniEF. 

Com.-in-Chief,  .  Lt.-Gen.  P.  H.  Sheridan,  U.  S.  A. 
S.  V.  Com.  in-Chief,  Major  Gen.  R.  B.  Hayes,  U.  S.  V. 
J.  V.  Com.-in-Chief,  JIaj.  Gen.  J.  R.  Hawley,  U.  S.  V. 
Recorder-in-Chief,  Colonel  J.  P.  Nicholson,  U.  S.  V. 
Headquarters,  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania. 

OFFICERS   OF   COMMANDERY   OF   STATE   OF   OHIO. 

Commander,       .        Major  Gen.  R.  B.  Hayes,  U.  S.  V. 
S.  V.  Com.,  .  .  Major  Gen.  M.  F.  Force,  U.  S.  V. 

J.  V.  Com.,        .      Major  Gen.  J.  W.  Fuller,  U.  S.  V. 
Recorder,      .  .     Captain  A.  H.  Mattox,  U.  S.  V. 

Headquarters,  Cincinnati,  t)hio. 

LUCAS   COUNTY   COMPANIONS. 

Lieut.  David  R.  Austin.     Chap.  H.  M.  Bacon,  D.  D. 
Maj.  Chas.  E.  Bliven. 


Col.  John  B.  Bell. 


GRAND   AJi}fV  OF   THE   RKPVBLll'. 


2:b 


Capt.  Henry  W.  Bigelow. 
Capt.  Rich.  W.  Clarke. 
Lieut.  Robt.  H.  Cochran. 
Gen.  Jolin  W.  Fuller. 
Surg.  Samuel  F.  Forbes. 
Capt.  J.  Kent  Hamilton. 
Col.  Henry  G.  Neubert. 


(ten.  James  M.  Comly. 
Capt.  A\'arren  W.  Cooke. 
Surg.  G.  A.  CoUamore. 
Lieut.  Henry  P.  Fowler. 
Surg.  Ethvin  M.  Goodwin. 
Lieut.  Cary  D.  Lin<lsay. 
Major  Hartwell  Osborii. 


Rev.  H.  W.  Pierson.D.D.*  Gen.  W.  H.  Raynor. 
Lieut.  Wm.  H.  H.Smith,  ('apt.  Wesley  S.  Tliurstin 
Capt.  Richard  Waite.  Major  Norman  Waite. 

Lieut.  R.  D.  AVhittlesey.     Lieut.  .Joseph  L.  Wolcott. 


Mr.  Birchard  A.  Hayes.t   Mr.  William  T.  Walker.* 
General  Chas.  L.  Young. 
*Third  Class.     tSecond  Class. 

THE  TOi,i;no  uontixoe.nt. 

The  following  are  the  officers  of  the  Toledo  Con- 
tingent (local  ami  unollicial): 

President,         .         .         .  General.).  W.  Fuller. 

A'ice  President,  .  .  .  General  .J.  AL  Comly. 
Treasurer,  .  .  .  Captain  H.  W.  IJigelow. 
Secretar)',     ....      Geneial  C.  L.  Young. 


GEAND  AEMY  OP  THE  REPUBLIC. 


To  greater  or  less  extent,  ex-Soldiers  of  dif- 
ferent countries  have 
formed  organizations 
for  the  preservation  of 
old,  and  the  cultiva- 
tion of  new  associa- 
tions, having  for  their 
chief  bond  the  common 
toils  and  sufferings  of 
miiitarjr  service.  But 
no  organization  of  this 
sort,  in  any  country 
ever  attained,  in  num- 
bers, zeal  or  practical 
benefits,  to  the  bene- 
ficent results  of  the 
"  Grand  Armj'  of  the 
Republic,"  consisting 
of  Soldiers  of  the  Union,  serving  in  the  War 
of  the  Rebellion.  The  organization  had  its 
origin  in  Springfield,  Illinois,  its  first  mover 
having  been  Dr.  B.  F.  Stephenson,  of  that 
City,  who  also  drafted  its  ritual.  The  order 
spread  rapidly.  The  first  State  Department 
(that  of  Illinois)  was  instituted  July  12. 
1866,  and  followed  by  Wisconsin  and  Iowa  in 
September,  same  year;  Indiana,  in  November; 
Kansas,  in  December  ;  Ohio  and  Pennsylvania, 
in  January;  New  Y^ork  in  April;  Massachu- 
setts and  Missouri,  in  May;  Minnesota,  in 
August,  1867;  and  so  on,  until  1885,  when 
there  were  Encampments  in  38  States  and  Ter- 
ritories. There  are  12  Past  Commanders-in- 
Chief,  of  whom  the  last  is  John  S.  Kountz,  of 
Toledo,  whose  service  covered  a  jieriod  of  11 
months,  closing  with  the  Nineteenth  Annual 
Session  of  the  National  Encampment,  at  Port- 
land, Maine,  in  June,  1885.  The  member- 
ship of  the  organization  at  the  beginning  of 
his  term  embraced  .38  Departments,  5,026 
Posts    and  269,684    members.     Under  his  ad- 


ministration there  was  a  net  gain  of  092  Posts, 
and  of  41,394  members.  He  personally  visited 
34  Departments  during  his  service,  being  much 
tlie  largest  visitation  ever  n\ade, involving  travel 
from  Maine  to  Washington  Territory,  and 
from  Minnesota  to  Georgia,  the  total  of  distance 
traversed  being  more  than  30,000  miles. 

The  specific  objects  of  the  Granii  Army  of 
the  Republic,  are  these  : 

fst.  To  preserve  and  strengthen  those  kind  and 
fraternal  feelings  which  bind  together  the  Soldiers, 
Sailors  and  Marines  who  united  to  sujipress  the  late 
Rebellion;  and  to  perpetuate  the  memory  and  history 
of  the  dead.  2d.  To  assist  such  former  comrades  in 
arms  as  need  help  and  protection,  and  to  extend 
needful  aid  to  the  widows  and  orphans  of  those  who 
have  fallen.  3d.  To  maintain  true  allegiance  to  the 
United  States  of  America,  based  upon  a  jiaraiaount 
respect  for,  and  fidelity  to,  the  National  con.stitution 
and  laws ;  to  discountenance  whatever  tends  to 
weaken  loyalty,  incites  to  insurrection,  treason  or 
rebellion,  or  in  any  manner  impairs  the  efficiency 
and  permanency  of  our  free  institutions  ;  and  to  en- 
courage the  spread  of  universal  liberty,  equal  riglits, 
and  justice  to  all  men. 

FORSYTH  POST  No.  15,  TOLEDO. 

The  first  local  organization  of  the  Grand 
Army  established  in  this  section  of  Ohio,  was 
Forsyth  Post,  which  was  instituted  November 
19,  1866.  For  this  purpose  a  number  of  resi- 
dent ex-Soldiers  met  at  the  office  of  Colonel 
John  A.  Chase,  at  which  Captain  Henry  E. 
Howe,  yet  a  resident  of  Toledo,  presented  the 
nature  and  advantages  of  such  an  organization,* 

*  The  following  record  indicates  something  of 
Captain  Howe's  prominence  in  the  start  of  this  im- 
portant organization : 

Headquarters  Department  of  Illinois,  ^l 

Grand  Ar.my  of  the  Republic,  | 

Adjutant  General's  Office,      f 

Springfield,  III.,  May  9,  1866.  J 

Special  Orders.  No.  2. 

Captain  Henry  E.  Howe  is  hereby  authorized  to 
organize  Encampments  of  Districts  and  I'osts  of  the 


234 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


and  the  Post  was  instituted.  It  took  its  dis- 
tinctive name  ft-om  George  Duncan  Forsyth,  a 
son  of  Mrs.  Charlotte  T.  Forsyth,  still  a  resi- 
dent of  Toledo,  and  a  brother  of  GeneralJames 
A.  Forsyth  of  the  United  States  Army.  Lieu- 
tenant Forsyth  first  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the 
14th  O.  V.  I.  April  19,  ISCl,  three  days  after  the 
first  call  for  troops  was  issued.  At  the  close  of 
three  months'  service  he  returned  to  Napoleon, 
Ohio,  where  he  engaged  in  business  ;  but  when 
the  call  for  three  years'  troops  came  he  again 
responded.  He  enlisted  at  Napoleon  in  the 
100th  O.  V.  I.  He  was  commissioned  Second 
Lieutenant  in  Company  B  of  that  Regiment 
July  11,  1862,  and  promoted  to  First  Lieuten- 
ant January  8,  1863.  He  was  captured  at 
Limestone  Station,  Tennessee,  September  8, 
1863.  and  taken  to  Libby  Prison,  where  he  re- 
mained until  his  death  at  the  hands  of  one  of 
the  prison  guards,  April  13,  1864.  Whether 
or  not  the  shooting  was  accidental,  will 
probably  never  be  definitely  known,  although 
the  preponderance  of  proof  fiivors  the  belief 
that  he  was  not  intentionally  killed.  Lieuten- 
ant Forsyth  was  violating  no  order  of  the 
prison  at  the  time  of  his  death.  His  remains 
were  brought  home  and  now  lie  buried  in  the 
family  lot  in  Forest  Cemetei\y,  Toledo.  He 
was  a  graduate  of  the  Toledo  High  School. 

The  following  thirteen  constitute  the  charter 
members  of  Forsj'th  Post :  Henry  G.  Neubert, 
J.  S.  Kountz,  Wm.  B.  Parmelee  jr.,  J.  A.  Chase, 
J.  W.  White,  Frank  Collins,!  J.  K.  Hamilton, 
C.  A.  Hall,  Otto  Klemm,  H.  Eosenbaum,  C.  C. 
Starr,  E.  D.  Wliittlesey,  Wm.  Corlett,  Albert 
E.  Scott. 

The  first  officers  of  Forsyth  Po.st  were  as 
follows:     Commander,  J.  A.  Chase;  Assistant, 

Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  in  the  Tenth  Congres- 
sional District  of  Ohio. 

The  Posts  thus  organized  in  the  State  of  Ohio  will 
report  directly  to  these  headquarters  until  the  De- 
partment of  Ohio  shall  be  formed  and  they  be  trans- 
ferred to  it  bv  orders  from  these  headquarters. 
By  order  of  B.  F.  STEPHENSON. 

Commanding  Department. 

Special  Orders  No.  3,  also  May  9,  1866,  from  the 
same  headquarters,  authorized  Captain  Howe  to  or- 
ganize Encampments  of  a  District  and  Posts  in  De- 
troit, which  were  to  report  directly  to  headquarters. 

By  Special  Orders  No.  9,  headquarters  Department 
of  Ohio,  at  Carrollton,  September  29,  1866,  Captain 
Howe,  then  of  Granville,  Ohio,  was  announced  as 
Senior  Aide-de-Camp  on  the  Staff  of  the  Commander 
(General  Benjamin  F.  Potts),  of  that  Department, 
then  just  instituted. 


H.  Eosenbaum;  Adjutant,  John  S.  Kountz; 
Quartermaster,  C.  C.  Starr.  Those  for  1867, 
were:  Commander — Charles  Kent,  Henry  G. 
Neubert;  Assistant — Wm.  H.  Perigo  ;f  Senior 
Vice  Commander — B.F.Miller;  Junior  Vice 
Commander — J.  W.  Smith;  Adjutant — J.  S. 
Kountz;  Quartermaster,  H.  Eosenbaum,  Otto 
Klemm;  Surgeon — F.  Hohly,  W.  C.  Daniels; 
Chaplain — G.  W.  Collier.  The  Commanders 
and  Adjutants  from  1867  to  1886,  were  as 
follows:  Commanders — C.  W.  Hill,t  Geo.  B. 
Wells,  1868  ;  Geo.  B.  Wells,  Wm.  H.  Perigo, 
1869  ;  J.  W.  Smith,  1870 ;  M.  J.  Enright,  1871  ;' 
B.  F.  Miller,  1872;  Clarence  Morris,  1873; 
Cecil  A.  Hall,  1874-7 ;  B.  F.  Miller,  1877  ;  J.  S. 
Kountz,  1878-80;  T.  B.  Terry,  1881-2;  A.J. 
Byster,  1883;  W.  W.  Alcorn,  Wm.  Corlett, 
1884-5;  J.  W.  Greene,  1885-6.  Adjutants— J. 
S.  Kountz,  1867;  Chas.  H.  Jones,  1868;  C.  F. 
Knowlson,  L.  P.  Smith,  1869  ;  Albert  B.  Scott, 
1870-72-73;  H.  Z.  Eaton,  1871  ;  J.  A.  Eowsey, 
1874;  C.  B.  Chesebro,  1875;  A.  J.  Tebeau, 
1876;  Martin  Loenshal,  1877-80;  W.  W.  Al- 
corn, 1881  ;  C.  S.  Brown,  1882 ;  W.  H.  Deal, 
1883;  C.  W.  Munson,  1884-6.  The  officers  for 
1887  are  as  follows  : 

Commander — Rev.  H.  M.  Bacon;  Senior  Vice  Com- 
mander— Lucius  Brown  ;  Junior  Vice  Commander — 
John  YanNetten ;  Quartermaster — H.  G.  Norton; 
Adjutant — -Wm.  Du.stin  ;  Chaplain — Rev.  A.  Holling- 
ton  ;  Surgeon — Dr.  F.  Kitchen ;  Officer  of  the  Day — 
Fred  Wolfert ;  Officer  of  the  Guard — J.  B.  Menhen- 
nick  ;  Trustees — C.  H.  Jones,  R.  G.  Bacon  and  A.  J. 
Eyster. 

The  Past  National  Officers  are :  Past  Commander- 
in-Chief  (1S84-.5),  John  S.  Kountz.  Pa,st  Senior- Vice- 
Commander-in-Chief,  (1881-2),  Charles  L.  Young. 

Past  Department  Commanders  :  James  B.  Steed- 
man  (1877) ;  John  S.  Kountz,  (1881). 

Following  is  a  complete  roster  of  Forsyth 
Post,  as  taken  from  its  records.  All  are  names 
of  Privates,  except  as  otherwise  stated  : 

t  Deceased.    ^-Transferred. 
Adams,  Michael,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
Adclsperger,  William,  eo.  G,  9th  0.  V.  C. 
Ahrent,  William,  co.  A,  182d  0.  V.  I. 
Albaugh,  D.  W.,  2d  Lieut.,  co.  D,  6th  Minu.  V.  I. 
Albright.  August,  co.  F,  20th  M.  V.  1. 
Alcorn,  Wni.  W.,  co.  A,  1-Jth  O.  V.  I. 
Alexander,  Ambrose  H.,  co.  1,  21st  O.  V.  1. 
Alexander.  William  G.,  co.  G,  19th  O.  V.  I. 
Allen,  Jame-s  W.,  19th  lud.  Batterv. 
Allen,  Wilson  S.,  co.  H,  33d  O.  V.  I. 
Allen,  Edward  S.,  Musician,  co.  G,  67th  O.  V.  I. 
Allgeier,  John  P.,  co.  K,  37th  O.  Y.  I. 
Amidon,  John  R.,  co.  F,  34th  Mass.  I. 
Andrews,  Albert  A.,  co.  E,   7th  O.  Y.  I.,  and  co.  F, 
128th  O.  V.  I. 

tDeceased. 


GRAND   ARMY  OF   THE  REPUBLIC. 


235 


Alman,  Samuel  B.,  9th  Mich.  V.  C. 

Allison,  Sanford,  co.  M,  16th  Kans.  V.  C. 

Ansell,  Geo.,  co.  E,  6th  O.  V.  I. 

Andrews,  Nathan  J.,  Sergeant,  co.  C,  4th  N.  Y.  H.  A. 

*Anderson,  Edward,  Colonel,  iL'th  Mo.  C'av. 

Arnold,  Edward, co.  D,  ISdtli  ().  V.  I. 

Askani,  Charles  W.,  co.  L,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 

Atherton,  Nelson  N.,  Sergeant,  co.  K.  1st  N.  Y.  V.  C, 

and  CO.  A,  2d  U.  S.  A. 
Antenried,  George,  co.  D,  -Hth  111.  V.  I. 
Austin,  Americus,  co.  Ct,  i28thO.  V.  I. 
Austin,  David  R.,  1st  Lieutenant,  100th  O.V.  I. 
Avery,  John  G.,  co.  A,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Averv,  James  E.,  2d  Lieut.,  co.  B,  4th  Mich.  V.  1. 
Babc'ock,  William  R.,  Musician,  ?,8th  O.  Y.  I. 
Babbitt,  A.  T.,  Captain,  co.  B,  ll3d  O.  \.  I. 
Bacon,  Henry  M.,  Chaplain,  63d  Ind.  V.  I. 
Bacon,  Randall  G.,  Sergeant,  co.  B,  148th  N.  Y.  V.  I., 

and  Captain,  ,38th  U.  S.  C.  T. 
Baer,  James,  co.  H,  IstO.  V.  C. 

Bailey,  Brayton  C,  Sergeant,  co.  H,  94th  N.  Y.  ^^  I. 
Bailleux,  Jacob,  Leader  Band,  68th  0.  V.  I. 
Baither,  Gustav.,  1st  Lieutenant,  co.  G,  37tli  (_).  V.  I. 
Baker,  Horace  L.,  Hosp.  Stew.,  co.  G,  94th  N.  Y.Y.  I. 
Baker,  R.  \V.,  co.  C,  S8th  O.  Y.  I. 
Baker,  Charles,  co.  L,  16th  N.  Y.  H.  A. 
Baker,  Frank,  co.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Baker,  David  N.,  co.  L,  1st  111.  Art. 
Baldwin,  James  T.,  co.  C,  1st  O.  L.  A. 
*Bald\vin,  Silas,  1st  Lieutenant,  96th  O.  V.  I. 
Baldwin,  Charles  A.,  1st  Lieutenant,  169th  O.  Y.  I. 
Ball,  John,  co.  F,  42d  Wis.  Y.  I. 
Barkdull,  Thomas  H.,  co.  B,  176th  O.  Y.  I. 
Barkdull,   William   H.,   Musician,   7th   0.  V.  I.,  and 

176th  0.  V.  I. 
Barnes,  James,  Sergeant,  co.  A,  1st  Mich.  V.I. 
Barnes,  Fred.  C,  co.  A,  14th  O.  Y.  I. 
Barroclough,  George,  co.  E,  lltli  Mich.  Y.  I. 
*Bartell,  Frank,  co.  I,  116th  N.  Y.Y.  I. 
Bartholomew,  W.,  Sergeant,  co.  I,  123cl  0.  V.  I. 
Bartley,  Hugh,  Sth  Pa.  Cav. 

Barton,  James  R.,  Sergeant,  co.  H,  15th  N.  Y.  Y.  C. 
Bateman,  Christ.  T.,  Sergeant,  co.  H,  18th  Mich.  Y.I., 

and  Captain,  co.  C,  17th  U.  S.  C.  T. 
Bateman,  Wilson  T.,  Corporal,  co.  L,  1st  Mech.  and 

Engineers. 
Battelle,  Charles  D.,  Filer,  co.  G,  14Stb  0.  Y.  I. 
Beach,  Joseph,  co.  F,  124th  0.  Y.  I. 
Beck,  William,  co.  K,  37th  0.  Y.  I. 
Beck,  Fred,  co.  H,  130th  O.  Y.  I.,  and  co.  A,  189th 

O.  V.  I. 
Beckwith,  Frank  P.,  co.  G,  128th  0.  Y.  I. 
Beehler,  Adrian,  co.  F,  130th  0.  V.  I. 
Beeley,  Joseph  L.,  co.  K,  67th  O.  Y.  I. 
Bell,  John  B.,  Major,  15th  Mich.  Y.  I. 
*Bell,  Daniel  W.,  co.  C,16th  O.  Y.  I.,  and  co.  C,  Han- 
cock's 2d  Regiment. 
Bender,  Geo.,  co.  E,  144th  0.  Y.  I. 
IBennstein,  Louis,  co.  I,  44th  N.  Y.  Y.  I. 
Bennett,   Frank  T.,   Sergeant,    ISth    U.   S.   A.,   and 

Major,  U.  S.  A. 
Bentson,  Henry  P.,  Sailor,  gunboat  "Ariel." 
Benster,  Solomon,  co.  A,  24th  ]Mich.  Y.  I. 
Benster,M.  M.,  co.  A,  24th  Mich.  V.  I. 
Benton,  Charles  H.,  Sergeant,  co.  A,  7th  U.  S.  I. 
Berst,  Levi,  co.  G,  6th  Pa.  Y.  I. 
Best,   Michael,   Corporal,    co.   H,  1st  C).  Y.   A.,  and 

Sergeant,  co.  H,  1st  O.  Y.  A. 
Best,  Philip,  co.  A,  12th  Ind.  Inf.;  and  co.  D,  137th 

O.V.I. 
Bethe,  William  J.,  co.  G,  8th  O.  Y.  I.,  and  co.  D,  12Sth 

O.  V.  I. 
*Beverly,  Ira,  co.  G,  100th  O.  Y.  I. 
tBienke,  John,  co.  G,  37th  0.  Y.  I. 
Bigelow,  Asa,  Surgeon,  3d  111.  Cav. 
Bigelow,  Henry  W.,  co.  C,  14th  0.  Y.  I.,  and  Captain 

CO.  I,  14th  0.  V.  I. 


Bills,  George  W.,  co.  G,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A.,  and  Lieuten- 
ant, CO.  G,  1st  ().  V.  L.  A. 

Birkenhauer,  Wilham  H.,  co.  K,  37th  O.  Y.  I. 

Bishop,  Charles,  co.  K,  67th  O.  V.  I.,  and  Sergeant, 
CO.  E,  67th  O.  V.  I. 

Bladen,  John,  Sergeant,  co.  I.  13Uth  O.  Y.  I. 

Blake,  Henry  P.,  co.  A,  14th  O.  Y.  I.,  andco.  H,  168th 
O.  Y.  I. 

Blanchard,  Charles  W.,  co.  G,  20tli  Mich.  Y.  I. 

*Bljss,  W.  K.,  Sergeant,  co.  G,  4th  N't.  Inf. 

Blickensderfer,  I.saac,  Corporal,  co.  K,  3d  O.  V.  C. 

Bliven,  Charles  E.,  iSIajor.  CJuartermaster's  Dept. 

Blinn,  M.  K.,  Musician  co.  (i,  189th  ().  V.  1. 

Bodenmillcr,  George,  Corporal,  co.  15,  :!7th  O.  V.  1. 

Bodinus,  Henrv,  co.  G,  9th  Mich.  Inf.,  and  Sergeant, 
CO.  G,  9th  Mich.  Inf. 

*Boff,  Ig.,  Corporal,  co.  K.  123d  O.  V.  L 

Boice.  Reed  Y.,  co.  C.  3d  O.  Y.  C,  and   1st  Lieuten- 
ant, CO.  C,  3d  O.  V.  C. 

Bookev,  Clovis,  co.  B,  67th  O.  V.  I. 

Bollen'tine,  John,  co.  H,  28th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

*Booth,  M.  D.,  CO.  II,  3d  O.  Y.  C. 

Boroughf,  H.  D..  ."Sergeant,  co.  I,  55th  O.  V.  I. 

Boshart,  Con.statine,  co.  K,  9tli  O.  V.  I. 

Boudrie,  Duffield  E.,  co.  0,  30th  Mich.  Y.  I. 

Bowers.  Edwin,  co.  H,  1.5th  Mich.  Y.  I. 

Bowsers;  Samuel,  co.  K,  oth  111.  V.  C. 

Bowser,  Josiah  H.,  co.  1. 14th  O.  V.  I. 

Boy,  Henry,  co.  D,  120th  N.  Y.  Y.  I. 

Boyerline. "Henry,  co.  F,  38th  O.  V.  I. 

Bozzard,  Ernst,  co.  D.  111th  0.  V.  I. 

Bntts,  James  A.,  co.  H,  3Sth,  and  47th  O.  Y.  I. 

Brandebery,  N.  J.,  co.  A,  8th  O.  Y.  I. 

Braunschweiger,   Jacob,  co.  G,  130th   O.  V.  1.,  and 
Captain,  Co.  B,  lS9th  O.  V.  I. 

Breckenridge,  W.  C,  co.  M,  1st  O.  Y.  II.  A. 

Breed,  Cyrus.  W.,  Lieutenant,  U.  S.  N. 

Breidt,  Philip,  Sergeant,  co.  B,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Brenner,  Jacob,  co.  E,  Lst  Del.  V.  I. 

Brewster,  Lewis  E.,  Orderly  Sergeant  and  1st  Lieu- 
tenant, CO.  K,  21st  O.  V.  I. 

Brillman,  John,  co.  B,  37th  O.  Y.  I. 

Brinkerhoff,  Robert  A.,  co.  B,  149th  O.  Y.  I. 

Britton,  H.,  co.  B,  49th  0.  Y.  I. 

Britton,  Quincy  U.,  co.  D.  11th  Mich.  Y.  I. 

Briggs,  A.  N.,  co.  K,  and  Hosp.  Stew.,  67th  ().  V.  I. 

Broadbeck,  John,  co.  C,  3d  O.  Y.  C. 

Brock,  Thomas  A.,  1st  Vt.  Y.  I.,  and  2d  Lieutenant, 
CO.  F,  12th  Yt.Y.  I. 

Bronson,  John  P.,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Brown,  Calvin  S.,  co.  G,  3d  Iowa  V.  C. 

Brown,  Egbert  D.,  co.  A,  189th  O.  V.  I. 

Brown,  Edward  O.,  Sergeant,  co.  E,  10th  Ind.  Y.  I., 
and  Major,  U.  S.  A. 

Brown,  Henry  A.,  Lst  Lieut.,  co.  C,  10th  Mass.  Y.  I. 

Brown.  Henry  E.,  1st  O.  Y.  L.  A. 

Brown,  J.  J.,co.  G,  2d  N.  J.  V.  I. 

Brown,  James  W.,  co.  I,  lC4th  O.  V.  I. 

Brown,  Lucius,  co.  D,  18th  IT.  S.  I. 

Brown,  Morris,  co.  I,  98th,  and  114th  O.  V.  I. 

Brown,  Charles,  Cori>oral,  co.  A,  ISOth  O.  Y.  I. 

Bowen,  Geo.  W.,  Assistant  Surgeon,  4tli  Mich.  Y.  I., 
and  Surgeon,  Sth  U.  S.  C.  C. 

*Brown,  James  M.,  co.  II.  67th  O.  Y.   I. 

fBrownell,  Daniel  W.,  co.  F,  7tli  Mo.  Y.  I. 

*Bruksiker,  Fred.,  co.  C,  37th  O.  V.  I. 

tBrudenthal,  Theo.,  co.  B,  1st  O.  V.  I. 

Buell,  Allen,  co.  H,  10th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Buck,  Albert  D.,  co.  G,  123d  O.  Y.  I. 
Bunker,  Henrv  S.,  Commissary  Sergeant,'9t)th  O.Y.I. 

Burch,  Albert "M.,  CO.  B,  123d  O.  Y.  I. 

Burch,  Wm.  A.,  co.  C,  54th  Mass.  Y.  I. 

Burdu,  August  F.,  co.  E,  IJlth  0.  V.  I. 

*Burket,  Leonard,  co.  E,  67th  O.  V.  I. 

*Burkert,  George,  co.  I,  72d  O.  V.  I.,  and  co.  A,  72d 
O.  V.  I. 

Butler,  John  A.,  co.  M,  Sth  Mich.  V.  C. 


236 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Bvine,  Daniel  L.,  co.  G.  13th  V.  S.  I. 

B"rownk'e,  .lanios  W.,  co.  A.  84th  O.  V.  I. 

Ciihn,  Jacob,  co.  I,  iLMth  O.  V.  I. 

tCall,  J.  .T..  CO.  E,  18th  O.  V.  I. 

Cainc,  Daniel  J.,  Sergeant,  co.  F,  I'lid  X.  Y.  V.  I. 

Caine,  Martin  S.,  co.  B,  U8tli  0.  V.  I. 

Campbell,  I..  A.,  l.st  Lientenant,  co.  K,  152d  N.Y.V.I. 

Canfieia,  Charles  L.,  co.  I),  iith  Mich.  V.  C. 

t'anlielil,  Geor>;e  S.,  Musician,  co.  K,  21st  O.  Y.  I. 

Cappell,  G.  W.,  21st  Ohio  Battery. 

Carpenter,  George  W.,  .'ith  Ohio  Sharjishooters. 

Carpenter,  Dwight  A.,  Seaman,  U.  S.  X. 

Ca.se,  A.  K.,  co.  G,  191st  O.  V.  I. 

Ca.se,  O.  W.,  Corporal  antl  Sergt.,  co.  C,  65th  111.  V.I. 

Case,  Omar  T.,  co.  B,  8Sth  O.  V.  I.,  and  co.  K,  11th 
0.  V.  C. 

Case,  Franklin  B.,  co.  F,  I.5th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Casebeer,  J.  E.,  1st  Lieutenant,  co.  D,  44th  Ind.  V.  I. 

Cassidav,  Marcus,  co.  H,  imh  Mich.  V.  I. 

Caughli'n,  Charles,  Leader  Band,  49th  Pa.  V.  I. 

Caughlin,  Thomas,  co.  A,  48th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Chadwick,  AVarren  L.,  co.  A,  100th  O.  V.  I. 

Chamberlain,  David  P.,  Asst.  Surgeon,  4th  Mich.  Y.  I. 

Chapin,  Henry  S.,  co.  F,  144th  O.  V.  I. 

Chapin,  Edward,  co.  C,  6th  U.  S.  Cav. 

Chapman,  William  C,  1st  Sergeant  and  2d  Lieuten- 
ant. CO.  F,  137th  O.  V.  I. 

Chase.  Edward  H.,  Captain,  co.  D,  U.  S.  C.  T. 

Chase,  John  A.,  Colonel,  182d  O.  V.  J. 

*Cheney,  Alph.,  co.  K,  11th  Mich.  Y.  I. 

Cheney,  William  C,  1st  Lieut.,  co.  B,  130th  O.  Y.  I. 

Cherrey,  Charles   W.,  co.  A,  84th  O.  Y.  I.,  and  Ser- 
geant, CO.  E,  130th  O.  Y.  I. 

Chesebro.  Charles  P.,  co.  H,  25th  N.  J.  Y.  I. 

Cheatwood,  George  H.,  co.  A,  81st  0.  A'.  I. 

Choflat,  Joseph,  co.  H,  4th  N.  Y.  Y.  C. 

Christy,  Henry  C,  Assistant  Surgeon,  55th  Pa.  V.  I., 
and  Surgeon,  58tli  Pa.  V.  I. 

Clark,  Asa  A.,  tiuartermaster,  I^.  S.  V. 

Clark,  Leroy  E.,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Clark,  Lewis,  co.  D,  4th,  and  152d  Ind.  V.  I. 

Clarke,  Charles,  co.  I,  55th  O.  Y.  L,  and  co.  I,  5-5th 
O.  V.  Y.I. 

*Clarke,  William  R.,  co.  H,  LstO.  Y.  L.  A. 

Claypool,  Albert,  co.  B,  5th  0.  Y.  C,  and  Corporal, 
CO.  B,  13th  O.  V.  C. 

Clinch,  John  VV .,  co.  C,  2d  O.  V.  H.  A.,  and  co.  D, 
ISth  U.  S.  I. 

Clouse,  William,  co.  K,  37th  O.  Y.  I. 

Cochran,  Robert  H.,  1st  Lieut.,  co.  K,  15th  0.  V.  I. 

Coder,  Noah  W.,  co.  I,  14th  0.  Y.  I. 

Cole,  Tobias,  co.  I,  2d  O.  V.  H.  A. 

tColburn,  Thomas,  co.  D,  24th  N.  Y.  Y.  I.,  and  co.  F, 
124th  X.  Y.  Y.  I. 

tCoffman,  J.  C,  2d  Lieutenant,  co.  I,  3llth  O.  Y.  I.; 
and  Captain,  co.  H,  19th  V .  S.  I. 

Collamore,  George  A.,  Surgeon,  100th  O.  Y.  I. 

Collins,  Dainel  A.,  Captain,  co.  15,  130th  O.  Y.  I. 

Collins,  Orrin  E.,  co.  A,  lS9th  0.  V.  I. 

CoUins,  T.  J.,  Corporal,  co.  K,  5th  O.  V.  C. 

*Colvers,  T.  B.,  co.  G,  18th  O.  Y.  I.  and  1st  Lieu- 
tenant, CO.  G,  123d  O.  V.  I. 

Comly,  Jame.s  M.,  Bvt.  Brig.  Gen.,  23d  O.  Y.  I. 

Commager,  David  H.,  co.  B,  5th  Ind.  Y.  C,  and  2d 
Lieutenant,  co.  H.  184th  O.  Y.  I. 

Combs,  Joseph,  co.  K,  11 1th  O.  Y.  I. 

Conger,  Charles  H.,  Sergeant,  co.  K,  25th  O.  Y.  I., 
and  CO.  D,  9th  111.  Y.  L 

Cooke,  J.  D.,  14th  Ind.  Batterv:  and  co.  H,  1st  O.L.A. 

Cooke,  James  W.,  Corporal,  co.  H,  111th  O.  Y.  I. 

Cooke,  Warren  W.,  Captain,  co.  D,  lS2d  0.  Y.  I. 

Cook,  James  H.,  10th  Ind.  Batterv. 

Corlett,  William,  co.  H,  IstO.  Y."L.  A. 

Corey,  Benj.  S.,  co.  C,  2d  U.  S.  Sharp  Shooters. 

Courtney,  Thomas,  Sergeant,  co.  Ct,  9th  X.  Y.  V  I 
and  Sergeant,  co.  G,  9th  X.  Y.  Y.  C.  ' 

Cottrell,  S.  J.,  CO.  H,  1st  O.  Y.  L.  A. 


Couture,  E.  C,  co.  G,  144th  0.  Y.  I.,  and  co.  C,  189th 

O.  V.  I. 
*Cox,  N.W.,  CO.  I,  47th  O.  Y.  I. 

Crabbs,  Jacob  M.,  Quartermaster  Sergt,  80th  Ind. V.I. 
Cramer,  W.  W.,  co.  D,  .sOth  O.  Y.  I. 
Cramer,  I.  K.,  Lieutenant,  co.  E,  lOOth  O.  V.  I. 
Cranker,  P.,  Corporal,  co.  A,  67th  0.  V.  I. 
Crossman,  Peter,  co.  K,  37th  O.  Y.  I. 
Crots,  J.  D.,  CO.  F,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Cullev,  Robert  H.,  co.  E,  25th  0.  Y.  I. 
Cullis'on,  Wilson  W.,  co.  C,  32d  O.  Y.  I. 
Cunningham,  H.  C,  co.  C,  18th  Mich.  V.  I. 
*Cunninghani,  John,  co.  I,  42d  O.  Y.  I.,  and  co.  E, 

179th  O.  V.  I. 
*Curran,  A.  J.,  co.  B,  27th  0.  Y.  I.,  and   co.  D,  14th 

Mich.  v.  C. 
Currie,  Samuel,  1st  Lieutenant,  co.  A,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
Curtin,  John,  co.  F.  3d  U.  S.  Art. 
Custer.  Louis,  co.  H.  187th  Pa.  Y.  I.,  and  co.  A,  2d 

IT.  S.  A. 
Darling,  H.  C,  co.  A,  9th  Ky.  Cav. 
Darrah,  George  W.,  co.  E,  3d  Wis.  V.  I.,  and  Corporal 

CO.  E,  3d  Wis.  V.  I. 
Darrow,  CTCorge  R.,  Chaplain,  3d  X.  J.  V.  I. 
Davis,  C.  P.,  CO.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Davis,  Stephen,  co.  H,  1st  O.  Y.  L.  A. 
Davis,  Daniel  W.,  co.  B,  38th  O.  V.  I. 
Davis,  Geo.  W.,  co.  M,  8th  Mich.  Y.  C. 
Davan,  Ilarvev  H.,  co.  B,  18th  X.  Y.  \'.  I. 
*Deal,  W.  H.,"22d  Ohio  Bat. 
Dean,  John  P.,  co.  F,  169th  O.  Y.  I. 
Dean,  John  H.,  co.  A,  18th  Mich.  V.  I. 
DeBolt,  F.  J.,  CO.  C,  130th  0.  V.  I. 
*'Decker,  Lester,  co.  F,  67th  O.  V.  I.,  and  co.  F,  67th 

0.  V.  V.  I. 
*Decker,  Samuel  H.,  co.  A,  14th  0.  Y.  I.,  and  co.  I, 

4th  U.  S.  A. 
Derr,  William,  co.  B,  100th  0.  Y.  I. 
Deyer,  E.  M.,  Corporal,  co.  K,  67th  O.  V.  I. 
DeGraff,  Henry,  Sergeant,  l.st  Mich.  Cav. 
Deshanawav,  John.  co.  A,  14th  0.  V.  I. 
De  Shetler,  "Samuel,  CO.  F,  18th  M.  Y.  I. 
De  Ross,  H.  D.,  co.  C,  15th  Mich.  Y.  I. 
De  Yries,  Peter,  Captain,  cos.  H.  and  M.,  4th  U.  S.  A. 
*De  Wolf,  D.  F.,  Major,  55th  and  Col.  163d  O.  V.  I. 
De  Wolf,  L.  C,  CO.  I,  164th  O.  V.  I. 
Dexheimer,  Jacob,  Sergeant,  co.  A,  1st  Mo.  L.  A. 
*Dingraan,  Harry,  co.  C,  1st  O.  V.  C. 
tDiebel,  F.,  co.  B,  1.30th  0.  V.  I. 
Dieble,  Carl,  co.  A,  130th  0.  V.  I. 
*Dobson,  W.,  Sergeant,  co.  K,  13th  Mich.  V.  I. 
Dodd,  Ezra  S.,  Major,  184th  O.V.  I. 
Donohue,  T.  H.,  co.  C,  12th  Pa.  I.,  and  99th  Pa.  I.  ^ 
Donovan,  John.  co.  E,  85th,  and  co.  G,  120th  O.  Y.  I. 
tDonischoff,  Henrv,  co.  A,  182d  O.  V.  I. 
Doolittle,  Chas.  C,  Capt.,  co.  E,  4th  Mich.   Y.   I., 

Maj.  Gen.  U.  S.  Y. 
Dorn,  John,  Drum  Major,  3/th  O.  V.  I. 
Dowling,  Patrick  H.,  Captain,  co.  H,  111th  0.  V.  I. 
Drago,  Henry,  co.  K,  14th  O.  V.  L,  and  co.  K,  67th 

O.V.  I.,  CO.  K,  25th  O.  V.  I.,  co.  F,  7th  U.  S.  C;  20 

years  service. 
Drake,  S.  A.,  Sergeant,  co.  F,  146th  Pa.  Y.  I. 
Dresser,  Chas.  A.,  1st  Lieutenant.  130th  Ind.  Y.  I. 
Ducie,  Christopher,  co.  B,  G7th  O.  Y.  I. 
tDuerringer,  G.,  Corporal,  co.  C,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Durfee,  Benjamin  B.,  co.  A,  29tli  N.  J.  Y.  I. 
Durfee,  Charles  H.,  Musician,  co.  G,  45th  O.  V.  I. 
Durfev,  E.  A.,  Musician,  co.  A,  .50th  N.  Y.  Eng. 
tDurian,  Ed.,  co.  F,  130th  0.  V.  I. 
Dustin,  William,  co.  A,  14th  O.V.  I.,  and  Lieutenant 

19th  O.  L.  A. 
Eaton,  H.  Z.,  Lieutenant,  co.  B,  7th  O.  Y.  I. 
tEberle,  Peter,  co.  B,  37th  O.  Y.  I. 
Eddy,  Peter,  co.  C,  3d  O.  Y.  C. 
Eddy,  James,  co.  A,  12Sth  O.  Y.  I. 
Edwards,  Paul,  Major,  and  Lieut.  Col.,  14th  O.  Y.  I. 


GRAND  ARMY  OF   THE  REPUBLIC. 


237 


Eggeman,  Godfrey  S.,  co.  G,  9th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Egelton,  WiUiam,  Corporal,  co.  C,  1st  N.  Y.  V.  C. 

tEichelberger,  F.  W.,  2d  Lieutenant,  7tli  Iowa  V.  I. 

*Emery,  James  H.,  Bugler,  14th  Michigan  Battery, 

Emuiick,  Vincent  J.,  oo.  K,  S4tli  ().  V.I. 

Engel,  Louis,  co.  I,  '2r>th  O.  V.  I. 

Engelhardt.  Jacob,  Corporal,  co.  B,  13(ith().  V.  I. 

Enright,  Michael  J.,  2d  Lieut,  co.  H,  lllth  U.  V.  I. 

Enteman,  William,  Corporal,  co.  F,  ISOtli  ().  V.  I. 

Earnest,  Joseph  R.,  co.  I.  l?)th,  and  co..K,  1  l.')th  U.  V.I. 

Erswell,  Charles,  co.  C,  123d  O.  V.  I. 

*Eslebe,  G.,  co.  E,  72d  O.  V.  I. 

Eschmauer,  Henry,  co.  B,  1.50th  Ind.  V.  I. 

Everett,  Clayton  W.,  co.  H,  49th  ().  V.  I. 

Ewing,  Samuel  A.,  co.  K,  37th  O.  V.  I.,  and  21st  Ohio 

Battery. 
Eyster,  Archibald  J.,  1st  sergt.  co.  C,  3Uth  0.  V.  C. 
Esdell,  Andrew,  co.  E,  27th  O.  V.  I. 
Fague,  George  W.,  co.  G,  192d  Pa.  V.  I. 
Farrell,  Edward,  co.  H,  24th  Mich.  V.  I. 
Farst,  J.,  CO.  C,  1.53d  Ind.  V.  I. 
tFaulkner,  F.  S.,  co.  D,  13th  Pa.  V.  I.,  and  co.  K,  IGth 

Ma,ss.  V.  I. 
Fav,  Martin,  co.  C,  123d  0.  V.  I. 
Feila,  John  B.,  Hospital  Steward,  13nth  0.  V.  I. 
Ferguson,  C.  W.,  Captain,  co.  K,  25th  ().  V.  I. 
Fey,  George,  Sergeant,  co.  E,  2d  Mo.  V.  I. 
Files,  A.  W.,  CO.  D,  110th  O.  V.  I. 
tFink,  August,  co.  I,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
Fish,  Arthur,  7th  Minn.  V.  I. 

Fisher,  Albert  W.,  Assistant  Surgeon,  57th  Pa.  V.  I. 
Fisher,  Lewis,  Sergt.,  co.C,  3d  ().  V.  C. 
Fleischman,  Godfrey,  co.  H,  1st  Mich.  V.  Art. 
Fletcher,  William  C,  Sergeant,  co.  H,  lllth  O.  V.  I. 
Fletcher,  Franklin,  co.  H,  87th  Ind.  V.  I.,  and  Corp. 

CO.  A,  12th  Ind.  V.  C. 
Fletcher,  J.  A.,  Sergeant,  co.  A,  0th  Mich.  V.  C. 
Flint,  Ed.  A.,  2d  Lieutenant,  co.  C,  1st  Mass.  V.  0. 
Foley,  John  J.,  co.'C,  93d  Ind.  V.  I. 
Ford,  Jacob,  co.  H,  15th  Mich.  V.  I. 
tFollet,  Foster  V.,  co.  B,  83d,  and  2d  Lieutenant,  co. 

K,  128th  O.  V.  I. 
Forbes,  Samuel  F.,  Surgeon,  67th  O.  V.  I. 
Forbes,  John  W.,  co.  G,  110th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Foster,  R.  G.  W.,  co.  B,  17th  Maine  V.  I.,  and  co.  G, 

10th  V.  R.  C. 
Foster,  James  S.,  Corporal,  co.  K,  124th  O.  V.  I. 
Fowler.  Henrv  B.,  2d  Lieutenant,  co.  D,  1st  Mass.  H.  A. 
Fox,  Albert  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Frank,   Simon   H.,  co.   K,  1st  M.  V.  I.;  and  Orderly 

Sergeant,  co.  G,  1st  M.  V.  L.  A. 
Frank,  Simon,  cos.  II  and  G,  1st  Mich.  V.  I. 
Eraser,  George  S.,  Sergeant,  co.  K,  25th  O.  V.  I. 
Fra.ser,  Spencer  L.,  co.  A,  84th  O.  V.  I. 
Frazer,  James,  co.  B,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Frey,  Charles,  co.  H,  i4th  O.  V.  I. 
Freeh,  J.  F.,  Corporal,  co.  B,  12th  Ind.  V.  I. 
Frett,  Nicholas,  co.  E,  57th  111.  V.  I. 
tFreeman,  Augustus  H.,  co.  A,  189th  O.  V.  I. 
Frankenberger,  J.  C,  Maj.  1st  O.  V.  C.  andLieut.-Col. 

188th  O.  V.  I. 
Fuller,  J.  W.,  Col.  27th  O.  V.  I.;  Brev.  Maj.-Gen. 
Furry,  Isaac  N.,  co.  E,  93d  O.  V.  I. 
Fuchs,  Henry,  co.  F,  83d  0.  V.  I. 
Fuchs,  W.,  Sergt.  co.  H,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Gabriel,  Milton,  co.  E,  lllth  O.  V.  I. 
Ga-tschenberger,  Francis  A.,  Ord. -Sergt.  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Gallatin,  Benjamin  F.,  co.  I,  1.5th  0.  V.  I. 
Gartield,  George,  Lieut.-Col.  .3d  O.  V.  I. 
Gauckstadt,  Henry,  co.  K,  65th  O.  V.  I. 
Ganson,  Vernon,  Captain,  co.  I,  S7th  O.  V.  I. 
Gen.sler,  John,  Bat.  D,  0th  IMicli.  V.  H.  A. 
Gensler,  Henry,  Bat.  D.  6th  Mich.  V.  H.  A. 
Gerlach,  Frank,  14th  and  co.  B,  12Sth  O.  V.  I. 
Gettner,  C,  Bat.  D,  6th  Mich.  V.  H.  A. 
Gibbs,  David  W.,  bat.  M.  1st  O.  V.  H.  A. 
Glass,  Thomas,  Senior  Musician,  69th  O.  V.  I. 


tGifford,  J.  H.,  Musician,  49th  O.  V.  I.,  and  Private. 

CO.  G,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
Glahn,  James,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Gleason,  G.  B.,  co.  H,  38th  O.  V.  1. 
Goldsmith,  Edwin,  Adjutant,  lOOth  Ind.  \'.  I. 
Golden,  J.,  co.  A,  128th  ().  V.  J. 
Goodwin,  Charles  P.,  1st  Lieut.,  co.  E,  42d  O.  V.  I. 
Good.speed.  Wm.,  co.  K,  1.35th  O.  V.  I. 
*Gorsuch,  N.  N.,  co.  C,  38tli  O.  V.  I. 
Gosline,  William  A.,  (j.  M. -Sergt.,  103d  O.  V.  I. 
Golden,  Michael  M.,  Sergeant,  co.  C,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Goulding,  C.  A.,  Quartermaster,  23d  Corps. 
Graham,  M.,  co.  II,  103d  O.  V.  I. 
Graham,  AV.  W.,  Corporal,  co.  K,  2.5th  Ills.  A'.  I.  and 

Corporal,  co.  E,  71.st  Ills.  V.  I. 
Gram,  Charles  F.,  co.  B,  18th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Greene,  John  W.,  1st  Lieut,  and   ('apt.,  co.   E,   2lltli 

Ind.  V.  I. 
Green,  Simeon  F.,  co.  A,  84th  0.  \'.  1. 
Greenwood,  J.,  co.  C,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
Gribbin,  John,  co.  A,  S4th  and  co.  I,  130tli  O.  V.  I. 
Griffin,  Benjamin  F..  co.  G,  12Sth  O.  V.  I. 
Groif,  Edward  B.,  co.  K,  184th  O.  V.  I. 
Grover,  Isaac  P.,  co.  E,  .stli  O.  V.  I.,  and  Capt.,  co.  E, 

34th  O.  V.  I. 
Gunn,  James  D.,  Sergt.,  co.   C,  33d  N.  Y.  V.  I.  and 

Ord. -Sergt.,  16th  N.  Y.  H.  A. 
Gunn,  Jacob,  co.  C,  33d  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Geisbuhler,  Ulrich,  co.  D,  10th  O.  V.  C. 
tGust  J.,  CO.  F,  130th  O.  V.  I. 

*Haack,  Otto,  co.  A,  9th  O.V.I,  and  Landsman  U.S.N. 
Hacker.  Henry,  co.  F,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Hahn,  Herman  C,  Adjutant,  129th  Ind.  V.  I. 
Halm.  Lewis,  co.  E,  lOtli  V.  K.  C. 
Hall,  Cecil  A.,  Corporal,  co.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Hall,  Elijah  B.,  Major,  130th  (l.  V.  I. 
Hall,  John  C.  Corporal,  co.  I,  11th  Mich.  V.  I. 
Hall,  James  M.,  co.  G,  3d  U.  S.  I. 
Hall,  James  W.,  co.  K,  2.5th  0.  V.  I. 
Hollister,  Benj.  F.,  co.  I,  lllth  O.  V.  I. 
Hamilton,  J.  Kent,  Captain,  113tli  O.  V.  I. 
Hamlev,  .John  A.,  Drummer,  Oth  Mich.  \'.  I.,  and  co. 

G,  1st  Mich.  S.  S. 
tHamm,  John,  Captain,  co.  G,  37th  O.  A'.  I. 
Hammer,  Christ,  co.   F,  21.st  O.  V.  I.,   and   Captain, 

CO.  G,  6.5th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Ilance,  Joel  E.,  co.  D,  23d  O.  V.  I.,  and  co.  D,  23d 

O.  V.  V.  I. 
Hanlon,  John,  co.  B,  191st  Pa.  V.  I.,  and  Coriioral, 

CO.  B,  215th  Pa.  V.  I. 
Hansen,  Henry  N.,  2d  Lieut.,  co.  H,  21st  Wis.  V.  I. 
Hanks,  Erastus  P.,  co.  K,  5tli  Mich.  V.  C. 
Hartley,  Geo.  W.,  1st  Mich.  Sharpshooters. 
Hartshorn,  J.  S.,  co.  D,  1.5.5tli  Iml.  V.  I. 
Harbauer,  Jacob,  co.  A,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Harbeck,  John  S.,  Jr.,  bat.  D,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Hardy,  James,  co.  E,  13th  O.  V.  C. 
Hare,  Henry,  co.  K,  2i0th  Pa.  V.  I. 
Harmon,  Dan.,  Sergeant,  co.  K,  18th  Mich.  V.  I. 
Harpel,  Joseph  A.,  Corporal,  co.  I,  68th  O.  V.  I. 
Harris,  John,  co.  E,  100th  O.  V.  I. 


Harris,  Leander  F.,  co.  K,  15th  N.  Y.  Eng. 

Hart,  A.  H.,  bat.  A,   2d  N.  Y.  H.  A.,  and  2d  Lieut., 

CO.  G,  26th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
tHart,  Dennis,  co.  A,  67th  O.  V.  I. 
Hartshorn,  A.  M.,  co.  I,  14th  Pa.  V.  C. 
Harvey,  Stimpson  H.,  bat.  F,  .sth  N.  Y.  H.  A. 
Hassenzahl,  Philii),  Corporal,  co.  K,  25th  O.  V.  I. 
Hathaway,  George  W.,  Sergt.,  co.  K,  21st  O.  A'.  Land 

21st  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Hatz,  Sebastian,  co.  B,  1.30th  O.  V.  I. 
Haughev,  Charles,  co.  D,  11th  Md.  V.  \. 
*Haughton,  A.  C,  Cajitain,  co.  H,  2d  O.  V.  C. 
Haughton,  Kat.,  Brev.  P>rig.-Gen.,  25th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Hauser,  John  M.,  Corporal,  co.  F,  1.30th  O.  V.  I. 
*Hatcher,  D.,  co.  L,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
Ilaynes,  George  W.,  bat.  I,  O.  H.  A. 


238 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


IT;ivnes  J.,  eo.  G,  8th  O.  V.  L,  and  co.  I,  12th  0.  V.  C. 

Ihnnes,  Harrison,  bat.  I,  2d  O.  V   HA. 

HaVnis,  IJiuuU',  co.  K,  1st  Mich.  V.  I.,  and  co.  I,  2d 

("l.  V.  H.  A.  ,.    ^ 

Havncs.  WiUiani,  Corp.,  co.  I,  14tli  O.  A  .  L.  and  co. 

(;,lst  ().  V.  A. 
Havncs,  Wni.  B.,  co.  I,  loth  O.  \.  I. 
Hazehvood,  John  H.,  co.  1,  47th  O.  V.  I. 
Hcarlv,  John,  co.  C,  Utlith  0.  V.  T.     ,  ,,^    ,,   ^ 
Hcok,"  Charles  L..  Sergeant,  co.  K,  2d  Md.  V.  I. 
Hefflehower.  A.  M.,  1st  Lieut,  co.  G,  .3d  O.  \  .  C.,and 

Ment.-Col.,  U.  S.  Army. 
»Helbing.  G.,  Sergt.,  co.  1,  21st  O.  V.  I.,  and  Corp.  co. 

1,.  Md  O.  V.  C. 
Helwis,  G.,  Corporal,  co.  H,  With  O.V.I. 
Henrich  George  W.,  1st  Lieut.,  co.G,  178th  N.  \  .  V.l. 
Hennig,  Fred.,  Sergeant,  co.  F,  i:mh  O.  \.  I. 
Hennig.  John  T.,  co.  F,  21st  O.  V   I. 
Henrv,  J.  L.,  Corporal,  co.  I,  r23d  0.  V.  I. 
Hermance,  J.  H.,  Musician,   co.  B,   1-tth  and  co.  E, 

67th  0.  V.  I. 
Herrick,  Thomas  C,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Hertzig,  Rudolph,  co.  F,  67th  and  Corp.,  co.  A,  67th 

O.  V.  I. 
Herzig,  Samuel,  co.  C,  loth  Mich.  V.  I.,   and  co.   A, 

18th  Mich.  V.  I. 
Hewitt,  Charles  T.,  Lieutenant,  co.  E,  18th  Mich. V.I. 
Hickox,  J.  L.,  CO.  Ci,  —  Mich.  V.  C. 
Hii'gins,  Charles  W.,  Surgeon,  .5th  111.  V.  C. 
THill   Charles  W.,  Adjt.-Cien.  Ohio;  Brev.  Maj.-Gen., 

U.  S.  A. 
Hime,  Jacob  E.,  co.  B,  7th  O.  V.  I. 
Himmelsback,  A.,  co.  F,  14th,  and  co.  H,  14th  O.V.I. 
Hitchborn,   Henry,  Sergeant,  co.  D,   13th   O.  A'.  I., 

and  1st  Lieutenant,  co.  A,  26th  O.  V.  I. 
Hock,  Jacob  B.,  co.  F,  20th  Ind.  V.  I. 
Hoehler,  Charles,  co.  F,  130th  0.  V.  I. 
Hoerlein,  Ph.,  Musician,  17th  Ind.  V.  I. 
Hoerr,  Louis,  co.  I,  9th,  and  co.  F,  9th  0.  V.  I. 

Hoerman,  C.  AV.,  co.  K,  2d  Ky.  V.  I.,  and  co.  M,  2d 

E.  Artillery. 
Hoffman,  Jacob,  co.  F,  12th  Mo.  V.  I. 
tHohly,  F.,  Surgeon,  I2th   Mo.  V.  I.,   and  Surgeon, 
37th  O.  V.  I. 

Hohn,  Lewis,  co.  E,  10th  Regiment  V.  R.  C. 

Holt,  \Vm.  H.,  CO.  B,  lS2d  O.  V.  I. 

Holliger,  John  F.,  co.  B,  72d  O.  V.  I. 

HoUington,  Ambrose,  Chaplain,  lllth  O.  V.  I. 

Holleubank,  Ct.  W.,  Sergeant,  co.  A,  lS9th  O.  V.  I. 

Hollenbeck,  Ct.  A.,  Lieutenant,  130th  O.  V.  I. 

Holmes,  Charles,  Corporal,  co.  G,  3d  Ind.  V.  C. 

Holzman,  A.,  co.  B,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Houbel,  Charles,  Sergeant,  co.  C,  3d  Mich.  V.  I. 

Hopkins,  Wm.  C,  Chaplain,  7th  Vt.  V.  I. 

Hopkins,  Owen  J.,  Quartermaster  Sergeant,  42d,  and 
1st  Lieut,  and  Regt.  Quartermaster,  182d  O.  V.  I. 

House,  N.  W.,  2d  Lieutenant,  co.  K,  1st  Mich.  V.  I. 

Howe,  Henry  E.,  Captain,  co.  A,  88th  O.  V.  I. 

*Howe,  G.  U.,  U.  S.  Navy. 

Hoyt,  George  S.,  co.  H,  8th  0.  V.  I. 

Hubbard,  Henry  S.,  co.  C,  9th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Hudelmeyer,  Jacob,  co.  I,  47th,  and  Captain,  co.  I, 
47th  0.  V.  I. 

Hudson,  Preston  C,  Adjutant,  8,5th  111.  V.  I. 

Huflbrd,  George  AV.,  co.  C,  21st,  and  1st  Lieutenant, 
CO,  E,  14Sth  O,  V.  1. 

Hull,  Abraham  D.,  co.  H,  51st  O.  V.  I. 

jHugh,  Henry,  Sergeant,  co.  F,  1st  U.  S.  I.,  and  Ser- 
geant, CO.  F,  1st  U.  S.  I. 

Hull,  George  B.,  2d  Lieutenant,  187th  O.  V.  I. 

Humphrey,  Geo.  AV.,  co.  E,  16th  O.  V.  I. 

Hunker,  A.,  co.  B,  130th  O.  V.  I. 

*Hunter,  Fred.,  co.  F,  9th  O.  \.  C. 

Hunter,  George  T.,  co.  A,  45th  Pa.  Y.  I. 

Hunter,  Thomas,  Corporal,  co.  I,  .52d  O.  A'^.  I. 

Huntington,  W.  A.,  Sergeant,  co.  E,  88th  lib  A'^.  I. 

Huepel,  Julius,  Sergeant,  co.  B,  37th  O.  A'.  I. 


Ingold,  Fritz,  1st  Lieutenant,  co.  B,  37th  0.  \.  I. 
Ingram,  J.  A.,  co.  I,  24th  Ky.  V.  I. 
Irons,  Virgil  P.,  co.  F,  3d  N.  Y.  V.  A. 
Jackson,  John  G.,  co.  F,  102d  O.  A^  I. 
Jackson,  \V.,  co.  E,  and  Corporal,  co.  E,  2d  M.  A^  I. 
*Jaeger,  J.,  Captain,  co.  I,  lllth  O.  V.  I. 
Jacobs,  D.  E.,  co.  H,  1st  O.  V.  I. 
^Jacobs,  Gust,  co.  F,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Jacobs,  Samuel,  co.  F,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Jaquette.  John  W.,  Captain,  co.  E,  100th  O.  V.  I. 
Jay,  Sid.  AV.,  general  service. 
Jefferson,  David  E.,  co.  C,  55th  O.  V.  I. 
Jeffrey,  AVm.  H.,  co.  C,  65th,  andco.C.  65th  O.A^V.I. 
Jend.'H.,  co.  B,  9th.  and  co.  B,  9th  O.  \.  Y.  I. 
*Jennings,  H.  M,,  Captain,  95th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Jenss,  John,  co.  E,  6th  O.  V.  C. 
Johnson,  Abraham,  co.  G,  130th  O.  A^.  I. 
John.son,  Herman,  Sergeant,  co.  B,  37th  0.  V.  I. 
Johnson,  Albert,  co.  H,  55th  0.  A'.  I. 
Johnston,  J.  D.,  co.  D,  68th  O.  A'.  I.;  and  co.  D,  Han- 
cock's A'ets. 
*Jones,  C.  C.  Paymaster  U.  S.  A. 
Jones,  Charles  H.,  co.  A,  14th  0.  A'.  I. 
*Jones,  Edward  L.,  Lieutenant,  co.  F,  44th  Mass.  V. 

I.;  and  Corporal,  co.  D,  54th  Mass.  V.  I. 
Jones,  E.  F.,  Sergeant,  co.  A,  72d  O.  A^.  I. 
Jordan,  A\'^m.  D.,  Corporal,  co.  K,  1st  O.  V.  I. 
Jovce,  David  B.,  co.  D,  6th  O.  A'.  I. 
Ju"(li;e,  AVm.,  co.  B,  2d  Kv.  A'.  I. 
Jung,  Carl  L.,  co.  H,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Just,  R.  F..  Sergeant,  CO.  A,  14th  O,  V.  I. 
Justice,  Milton  J.,  co.  Ct,  128th  O.  A'.  I. 
Kahlo,  Frank,  co.  G,  38th,  and  Sergeant,  co.  G,  38t.li 

O.  V.  I. 
Kanev,  James  G.,  Corporal,  co.  F,  123d  Pa.  V.  I. 
tlvarsner,  A.,  co.  I,  21st  O.  V.  I. 
Kehl,  Anton,  co.  D,  34th  O.  A'.  I. 
*Kehn,  John,  Sergt  and  Lieut.,  co.  K,  2.5th  O.  A".  I. 
Keller,  Samuel  E.';  co.  Ct,  13th  Pa.  V.  C. 
*Kelley,  AV.  C,  2d  Lieutenant,  co.  D,  99th  0.  A'.  I. 
*Kelley,  W.  I.,  Assistant  Surgeon,  15th  O.  A'.  I. 
Kellogg,  Harry,  Brevet  Lieutenant,  102d  0.  A'.  I. 
Kellogg,  John'T.,  Musician,  6th  Mich.  AM. 
Kernick,  John,  co.  E,  67th  O.  A'^.  I. 
Kettner,  John,  co.  I.  2.5th  O.  V.  I. 
■1-Key,  L.  L.,  co.  H,  14th  111.  V.  I. 
tKidney,  A.,  co.  B,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Kiedarsch,  Jacob,  co.  I,  37th  0.  V.  I. 
King,  Jabez  W.,  co,  B,  2d  Maine  V.  I. 
Kingfield,  John,  co.  F,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
flvingfield,  Louis,  Sergt.,  co.  C,  21st  0.  V.  I.,  and  co. 

C,  21st  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Kingsburv,  Henrv   D.,   Captain,  co.   A,   and   Lieut. 

Col.,  14th  0.  V."I. 
Kisinger,  S.  S.,  Sergeant,   co.   A,   8th  O.  A^.  I.,   and 

Captain,  co.  K,  65th  N.  Y.  A".  I. 
Kirkham,  Edward,  co.  E,  32d  Ind.  A'.  I. 
Kitchen,  Francis  A.,  Lieutenant,  co.  A,  174th  Pa. A'. I. 
Kitching,  Joseph  C,  co.  K,  1st  A't.  X.  C. 
Klein,  Henry,  co.  E,  149th  O.  N.  G. 
Kline,  John,  Corp.  and  Sergt.,  co.  B,  14th  O.  V.  T. 
Kline,  Barna  M.,  co.  C,  55th  O.  V.  I. 
*Klemm,  Otto,  co.  B,  1st  111.  A'.  Art. 
Kletter,  John,  Corporal,  co.  Ct,  9th  Ct.  A'.  I. 
Knappen,  Edward  S.,  co.  C,  1st  Mich.  A'.  I.,  and  co. 

H,  11th  Mich.  V.  I. 
Knights,  James  D.,  Sergeant,  co.  E,  100th  0.  V.  I. 
Koehrman,  J.,  Corporal,  CO.  C,  3d  0.  A'.  C. 
Kohne,  Fred.  W.,  co.  E,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Kocher,  John,  co.  B,  189th  O.  A'.  I. 
Kountz,  John  S.,  Drummer,  co.  G,  37th  O.  A^.  I. 
Krepps,  John  A.,  co.  H,  92d  O.  A'.  I. 
Kramer,  Jacob,  co.  B,  14th,  and  co.  E,  130th  0.  X.  I. 
Kramer,  John,  co.  E,  67th  O.  A'.  I. 
Kramer,  Mathias,  co.  B,  37th  O.  X.  I.,  and  co.  B,  37th 

O.  V.  V.  I. 
Kramer,  I.  K.,  Lieutenant,  co.  E,  100th  O.  V.  1. 


GRAND   ARMY  OF    THE  REPUBLIC. 


239 


Krauss,  John,  co.  C,  5th  Pa.  V.  H.  A. 
•*Kratzer,  J.  W.,  Sergeant,  co.  C,  169th  0.  V.  I. 
Keubler,  Jacob,  co.  B,  14th,  and  I,  111th  0.  V.  I. 
Kumler,  John  F.,  Sergeant,  co.  A,  83d  O.  V.  I. 
Kummero,  Earnest,  co.  K,  2.5th   O.  V.  I. 
LeBarre,  John  E.,  2d  Lieut.,  IGGth  < ).  V.  I. 
Labordie,  Lewis,  co.  B,  (j7th  O.  V.  I. 
Lafayette,  L.,  co.  L,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
tLangdon,  J.  B.,  co.  I,  13th  Vt.  I.,  and  3d  bat.  Vt.  Art. 
Lawson,  M.  J.,  co.  D,  6th  O.  V.  C,  and  co.  D,  196th  O. 

V.  I. 
Lannen,  James,  1st  Lieut.,  co.  F,  6Sth  O.  V.  I. 
Larimore.  J.  K.,  Landsman  U.  S.  N. 
Lasalle,  Jacob,  Captain,  co.  C,  82d  IlL  V.  I. 
Lathrop,  Miles,  Captain,  co.  B,  189th  O.  V.  L 
Lawrence,  Peter,  co.  B,  67th  0.  V.  L,  and  co.  B,  (iTth 

O.  V.  V.  I. 
*Lawrence,  Wm.  A.,  co.  C,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
Leary,  Daniel,  co.  I,  124th  Ind.  V.  I. 
Lee,  Noyes  S.,  co.  B,  123d  O.  V.  L 
*Lee,  Oliver,  co.  A,  18th  U.  S.  I. 
Lee,  John  C,  Major,  55th,  and  Col.,  164th  O.  V.  I. 
Lenhardy,  Thomas,  co.  C,  25th  O.  V.  I. 
Leutz,  J.  George,  co.  A,  18th  O.  V.  I. 
Lewis,  Adelbert,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  L.  A.,  and  H,  1st  O.V. 

L.  A. 
Lewis,  J.  J.,  CO.  F,  68th  O.  V.  I.,  and  co.  F,  6Sth  ().  V. 

V.I. 
*Lewi8,  James  A.,  co.  A,  32d  0.  V.  I. 
Lewis,  Shep.,  co.  K,  2.5th  O.  V.  I. 
*Lewis,  Richard,   Prin.  Musician  29th  O.  V.  I. 
Lev,  John,  co.  E,  49th  ().  V.  I. 
Lighter.  Franklin,  co.  C,  35th  O.  V.  I. 
Lindenberger,  S.,  Musician,  co.  C,  38th  O.  V.  I. 
Lindley,  Harvey  D.,  co.  C,  18th  Wis.  V.  I.,  and  Ser- 
geant, CO.  E,  44th  Wis.  V.  I. 
'Lindsay,   Carey   D.,   Corporal,   co.   C,   21.st,   and  1st 

Lieut.  67th  0.  V.  I. 
Linton,  S.  S.,  co.  B,  2d  Ky.  V.  I.,  and  Major  39th  111. 

V.  I. 
Lippincott,  F.  M.,  Captain,  co.  I,  6th  111.  V.  C. 
*Lloyd,  Ed.  S.,  co.  E,  130th  0.  V.  I. 
*Lockwood,  Thomas  M.,  Sergeant,  co.  C,  1st  Mich.  V. 

C,  and  CO.  D,  9th  111.  V.  C. 
*Loenshal,  Morris,  co.  H,  20th  Conn.  V.  I. 
Lohner,  Valentine,  co.  B,  15th  Mich.  V.  I. 
Lombard,  Charles  K.,  bat.  L.  3d  Mass.  V.  H.  A. 
Long,  James,  co.  F,  11th  O.  V.  I. 
Long,  Christian  C,  bat.  M,  4th  U.  S.  Art. 
Lovett,  Dennis,  co.  D,  67th  0.  V.  I. 
Lownsbury,  John  B.,  1st  Lieut.,  co.  A,  84th  0.  V.  I. 
*Luckey,  James  B.,  Captain,  co.  L,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
Luke,  Wm.,  co.  D,  54th  Pa.  V.  I. 
Lyons,  Enon,  co.  D,  9th  Mich.  V.  C. 
Lyons,  Saml.,  co.  C,  3d  O.  V.  C. 

Lyttle,  LaFayette,  Captain, and  Major, 94th  N.  Y.V.I. 
Maloney,  John,  Sergeant,  co.  K,  3d  O.  V.  C,  and  Capt. 

CO.  G,  12Sth  0.  V.  I. 
Malvern,  D.  S.,  2d  Lieut,  co.  K,  5th  Iowa  V.  I. 
Manor,  John  J. 

Manning,  Wm.  J.,  co.  H,  9th  N.  Y.  V.  C. 
Marker,  Thos.,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I.,  and  14th  O.  V.V.  I. 
Marion,  Frank  N.,  Lieutenant,  co.   A.,  14th  O.  V.  I., 

and  Captain,  bat.  I,  2d  la.  V.  A. 
Martin,  Predon,  Corporal,  co.  A,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Marsh,  Casper,  co.  A,  lS2d  O.  V.  I. 
Marshall,  John  W.,  co.  G,  187th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Maurer,  Andrew,  co.  C,  130th  0.  V.  I. 
May,  William,  Musician,  co.  C,  17th  U.  S.  I. 
,   Mayers,  John  G.,  co.  I,  66th  O.  V.  I. 
McCaron,  AValter  0.,  co.  D,  9th  111.  V.  C. 
McClure,   John   B.,  co.  E,  1st  Neb.  V.  C,  and  co.  B, 

1.50th  Ind.  V.  I. 
*McCune,  Robert,  Chaplain,  U.  S.  A. 
McElliot,  R.,  Corporal,  co.  D,  llth  Mich.  V.  I. 
McElroy,  John  H.,  Corporal,  co.  C,  7th  111.  V.  I.,  and 

CO.  L,  111.  V.  C. 


Mcllith,  Abbot,  co.  E,  103d  O.  V.  I. 

McLaughlin,  M.  M.,  Seaman,  U.  S.  N. 

*McLaughlin,  John,  co.  A,  189th  O.  V.  I. 

McLyman,  Wm.  H.,  38th  O.  V.  I. 

McKeeknie,  W.  E.,  Lieutenant,  co.  G,  l(>7tli  O.  \'.  I. 

McKee,  Richard  M.,  co.  G,  19!st  O.  V.  I. 

McKinley,  A.,  Sailor,  ship  "Elfin." 

McMonagle,  John,  co.  K,  25th  O.  V.  I. 

McNanv,  Patrick,  co.  A,  148th  N.  Y.  V.  1. 

Mead,  Herbert  W.,  Musician,  14th  Mo.  V.  I.,  and  29(]i 

111.  V.  I. 
Meade,  Charles  N.  D.,  co.  I,  3d  N.  Y.  V.  C. 
Meeker,  RoUa,  co.  B,  lOl.st  O.  V.  I. 
Meeks,  Samuel  H.,  Corporal,  co.  H,  38th  O.  V.  I. 
Meisner,  Charles,  Sergeant,  co.  F,  130th  O.  V.  J. 
Melvin,  James,  33d  Mass.  V.  I. 

Menhenning,  James  B.,  C'orporal,  co.  E,  100th  O.  V.  I. 
Merrickel,  Louis  E.,  co.C,  130th  0.  V.  I. 
Merrill,  George  W.,  Captain,  co.  F,  44th  Ind.  V.  I. 
tMery,  J.  T.,  co.  B,  lltli,  and  Capt.,  co.  D,  37th  0.\ .  1. 
«Merry,  L.  E.,  Captain,  co.  D,  34th  O.  \'.  I. 
Metier,  Wm.  C,  co.  H,  lUlst  0.  V.  I. 
Metzger,  Peter,  Musician,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
tMetzger,  J.  W.,  co.  K,  2.5th  O.  V.  I.,  and  bat.  H,   1st 

0.  V.  A. 
Mayers,  Herman,  co.  Ci,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
Mvers,  W.  W.,  co.  M,  12th  O.  V.  C,  and  Capt.,  co.  B, 

il7th  U.  S.  C.  T. 
Meyers,  John,  co.  I,  6.5th  0.  V.  I. 
Meyers,  Ed.  S.,  Major,  4th  O.  V.  I. 
Miles,  William  B.,  .Sth  N.  Y.  S.  S. 
Millard,  Irwin,  I.,  co.  I,  15th  O.  V.  I. 
Miller,  Andrew  S.,  Orderlv  Sergeant,  co.   G,  lloth 

O.  V.  I. 
Miller,  Benjamin  F.,  co.  1,  3il  0.  V.  I.,  and  Lieut.,  co. 

C,  35th  O.  V.  I. 
Miller.  Joseph  N..  co.  I,   14th  O.  V.  I.,  and  C'orporal, 

CO.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Mills,  R.,  Sergeant,  co.  I,  148th  O.  V.  I. 
Milmine,  Alex.,  co.  A,  l.st  Mich.  V.  I. 
t.Milverstedt,  Christ.  Leader  of  Band,  14th  0.  V.  I. 
Miser,  James  M.,  co.  L,  1st.   Mich.  Eng.,  and  co.  I, 

130th  O.  N.  G. 
Mitchel,  Chris.,  co.  K,  25th  O.  V.  I. 
Morhr,  AVilliam  H.,  co.  F,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
Montgomery,  Chas.  M.,  bat.  I,  14th  N.  Y.  V.  A. 
fMoore,  Albert,  Capt.,  co.  A,  14th  O.  V.  I.,  and  Lieut. 

Colonel,  14th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Moore,  Joseph,  co.  K,  25th  O.  V  I. 
Moore,  Wm.  H.,  Sergeant,  co.  D,  18th  U.  S.  I. 
Morehead,  George  W.,  Lieut.,  co.  I,  99th  O.  V.  I. 
Morrin,  Henry,  co.  H,  111th  0.  V.  I. 
*Morris,  Clarence,   bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Morath,  Frank  J.,  co.  C,  .5th  O.  V.  C. 
tMote,  William,  co.  I,  75th  111.  V.  I. 
Motler,  John,  co.  K,  102d  O.  V.  I. 
Munson,  Corvdon  W.,  oo.  A,  189th  O.  V.  I. 
Mun.son,  Shiibal,  co.  H,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
tMulverhill,  James,  Seaman,  U.  S.  Frigate  Potomac. 
Mueller,  Henry,  co.  G,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Murphy,  Levi,  Captain,  co.  B,  189th  0.  V.  I. 
Naugle',  George  W.,  co.  D,  123d  O.  V.  I. 
Nagely,  John,  co.  A,  84th,  and  co.  C,  41st  0.  V.  I. 
Nellis,  Henry,  co.  A,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Nellis,  Louis,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
Nelson,  K.,  2.5th  O.  V.  I. 

Neubert,  H.  G.,  co.  A,  and  Captain  co.B,  14th  O.V.  I. 
Neuhausel,  Martin,  Corporal,  co.  D,  100th  O.  V.  I. 
Nevius,  Laird  W.,  Q,.  M.  Sergeant,  bat.  I,  2d  O.  H.  A. 
*Newell,  A.  D.,  co.  F,  14th  0.  V.  I. 
Newman,  John  L.,  co.  G,  21st  Pa.  V.  C. 
Newton,  J.  R.,  co.  E,  7th  Conn.  V.  I. 
Newton,  Robt.,  co.  H,  and  Corporal  co.  H,  .5th  U.  S.  C. 
Newton,  T.  E.,  co.  H,  6th  Mo.  V.  I. 
Nichols,  Samuel  W.,  co.  F,  1st  Mich.  Eng. 
Nichols,  Francis  L.,co.  C,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Nicholas,  S.  C,  17th  Ohio  Battery. 


240 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


•Niles,  E.  R.,  co.  F,  9th  Ind.  V.  I. 

tNohl,  J.  J.,  CO.  K,:!7th  O.  V.  I        ,,,,„.  i 

Norton,  K.  H.,  Corporal,  co.  E,  84tb  (>.  V.  I.,  and 

Major,  U.S.  Army.  ,.  t     « 

Norton,  (i.  AV.,  Captain,  l.at.  II,  1st  <».  \  ;  E;  A. 
Norton,  H.  G.,  Ut  Licnti'nant,  l:!7th  U.  S.  C.  i. 
tNorth,  A.  C,  Mnsician,  co.  A,  I.iOth  O.  V.  1. 
O'Connor,  .lohn,  co.  C,  14th  O.  V.  J. 
Oborn.  Hartwell,  Captain,  co.  I,  ooth  O.  V.  1. 
tOsborn,  Kalph,  co.  A,  >S4th  O.  V.  I. 
Osborn,    Kansoni   P.,   Ord.  Seigt.,  co.   D,  14tb,  and 

C^aptain,  co.  G,  l(j:!d  0.  V.  I. 
O'SulHvan,  F.  J.,  Captain,  co.  D,  (u tli  O.  \  .  I. 
O-Swaia,  J.  W.,  CO.  G,  2;5d  O.  V.  1. 
Otl,  riiilip,  CO.  B,  ;?7th  O.  V.  I. 
Otto,  Jnlius  E.,co.  E,  72d  0.  V.  I. 
*I'ackara,  ¥.,  Chicago  Battery. 
tPaine,  E.  B.,  co.  G,  Slst  M.  G.  V.  M. 
Palmer,  George  H.,  Sergeant,  co.  K,  25th  0.  V.  I. 
Palmer,  Melvin  R.,  bat.  C,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Palmer,  M.  T.,  Sergeant,  co.  B,  6th  U.  S.  C. 
Parker,  J.  A.,  co.  A,  Mo.V.,andOrd.Sergt.  128th  O.V.I. 
Parker,  R.  T..  Sergt.,  co.  C,  Sijtli  O.  V.  I.,  and  Bugler, 

CO.  C.  10th  O.  V.  C. 
Parker,  .Senter  S.,  Sergeant,  co.  H,  4tb  Mich.  V.  I. 
Parker,  Sewell  S.,  Major,  4th  Mich.  V.  1. 
Parmalee,  Myron  H.,  Drummer,  co.  A,  13()th  O.  V.  I. 
Parmalee,  Wm.  E.,  jr.,  Lieut,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Passmore,  L.,  Ord.  Sergt..  co.  G,  2()th,  and  Capt.,  co 

E,  118th  Pa.  V.  I. 
Peck,  OtisL..  2d  Lieutenant,  co.  B.  101st  O.  V.  I. 
Peet,  John  H.,  bat.  D,  4th  N.  Y.  H.  A. 
Pelton,  Elias  C,  Corporal,  co.  H,  Ulth  O.  V.  I. 
fPease,  Don  A.,  Sergeant,  co.  B,  blOth  O.  V.  I. 
Pence,  Samuel,  Corporal,  co.  B,  Gist,  and  co.  B,  82d 

O.  V.  I. 
Pennell,  George  R.,  Corp.  and  Sergt.,  co.  A,  14th  O.V.I. 
Penrod,  Wm.,  co.  C,  180th  O.  V.  I. 
f  Perigo,  Wm.  H.,  Lieutenant,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  L.  A. 
Perrvn,  W.  F.,  co.  E,  13th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Pettel,  Cyril,  co.  H,  loth  Mich.  V.  C. 
Peugh,  Daniel  W.,  Corp.,  co.  C,  135th,  and  Lieut.,  co. 

E,  18.5th  0.  V.  I. 
Phelps,  Oohn,  co.  G,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Pliilc.  Henry  E.,  co.  B,  lS8tli  O.  V.  I. 
Phillips,  Chas.  B.,  Colonel,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Pickard,  W.,  co.  H,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Pierce,  Henry  D.,  co.  G,  7th  O.  V.  I. 
Pierce,  Wm.  G.,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Plaisted,  Wm.  PL,  co.  E,  9th  Mich.  V.  C. 
Piatt,  Merit  W.,  co.  F,  103d  O.  V.  L 
Plumer,  Wm.  S.,  co.  F,  Kith  O.  V.  I. 
Polite,  Joseph,  co.  C,  19th  Mich.  V.  1. 
Pool,  George  E.,co.  A,  15th  Mich.  V.  I. 
Pool,  M.,  CO.  A,  ISOth  0.  V.  1. 
Poole,  Charles,  co.  C.  3d  Pa.  V.  C. 
Potts,  Jos.  W.,  Sergeant,  co.  L,  Kith  Mich.  V.  1. 
Potter,  Emerv  D.,  jr.,  co.  A,  84th  O.  V.  I. 
Potter,  Erskiiie  H.,  co.  B,  PJtith  O.  V.  I. 
Powers,  C.  C,  Musician,  Uth  Mass.  V.  I.,  and  3d  Vt. 
Prarie,  Samuel,  co.  D,  lltli  .Mich.  V.  I. 
Pray,  J.  L.,  Bugler,  hat.  H,  1st  O.  L.  A.,  and  Sergeant 

Signal  Corps. 
Price,  J.  Cooper,  Surg.  Gen.  Dept.  U.  S.  A. 
Price,  J.  F.,  Paymaster,  IJ.  S.  A. 
Puck,  John  H.,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
Pugsley,  Isaac  P.,  A.  A.  Paymaster,  U.  S.  N. 
tPurdy,  J.C,  co.  C,  and  Captain,  co    C,  9th  .Mich.  I. 
Quiggle,  Romanso  C,  Captain,  co.  H,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Quinn,  John  M.,  co.  F,  Benton  Cadets,  and  Sergeant, 

CO.  PI,  .5Uth  O.  V.  I. 
Quinn,  Wm.,  co.  I,  2od,  and  Sergt.,  co.  I,  73d  O.  V.  I. 
tRaffensperger,  E.  B.,  Chaplain,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Raitz,  Benjamin,  co.  D,  and  2d  Lieut.  9th  111.  Cav. 
Raitz,  Fred,  co.  F,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
*Rank,  David  A.,  130th  Ind.  V.  I. 
Raysor,  Augustus,  co.  D,  124th  O.  V.  I. 


Raynor,  Wm.  II.,    Lieut.,  co.  G,  1st,  and  Lieut.  Col., 

56th  O.  V.  I. 
Reed,  Charles,  co.  B,  128th  O.  V.  I. 
Reed,  Samuel  N.,  2d  Sergt.,  co.  G,  and  (l  M.  Sergt., 

CO.  B,  114tb  O.  V.  I. 
Reed,  Samuel  VV.,  Corporal,  co.  E,  123d  O.  V.  I. 
Reed,  W.  A.,  Corporal,  co.  K,  120tli  O.  V.  I. 
Reeves,  Louis,  Sergt.,  and  Lieut.,  co.  G,  l.stMich.  Cav. 
*Reicherd,  F.,  co.  I,  07th  O.  V.  I. 
Reimele,  Henrv,  co.  C;.  193d  0.  V.  I. 
Reiger,  Fred,  co.  F,  130th  O.  V.  1. 
Reimensnvder,  C.  A.,  co.  E.  28th  Pa.  V.  I. 
Reno,  Peter,  co.  I,  47th  O.  V.  I. 
Revnolds,  Charles,  co.  K,  3d  0.  V.  C. 
Rhoades,  Bartley,  co.  G,  71st  O.  V.  I. 
Richard,  Fred.,  co.  K,  25th  O.  V.  I. 
Richardson,  Andrew,  co.  E,  142d  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Richwin,  George,  co.  B,  IHOth  0.  V.  I. 
Rice,  Ansel  G.,  co.  F,  11th  Mich.  V.  I. 
Ricket'ts,  Jacob,  bat.  Ct,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Ridenour,  William  T.,  Surgeon,  12th  O.  V.  I. 
Rinebold,  M..  co.  I,  101st  O.  V.  I. 
Ringleman,  Phil.,  co.  B,  111th,  and  Corporal,  co.  B, 

130th  O.  V.  I. 
Renger,  William  A.,  co.  B,  80th  O.  V.  I. 
Rodebaugb,  C.  B.,  1st  Sergeant,  co.  E,  19th  Mich.V.  I. 
*Roberts,  E.  C,  Orderly  Sergeant,  26th  N.  Y.  V.  I.; 

and  Sergeant,  co.  C,  8th  N.  Y.  V.  C. 
Roberts,  Geo.  H.,  co.  B,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Roberts,  L.  D.,  Musician,  co.  A,  1.5th  Mich.  V.  I. 
Rogers,  Charles  H.,  Uth  Lid.  Battery. 
Robertson,  Henrv,  co.  I,  7ith,  and  co.  D,  128th  O.V.I. 
Robson,  John,  co".  G,  100th  O.  V.  I. 
Rogers,  Geo.  P.  co.  I,  lfi9th  O.  V.  I. 
Rogers,  A.  R.,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Rotleraan,  George  M.,  co.  E,  112th  N.  Y.  V.  1. 
Romeis,  John  C,  co.  B,  65th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Roraback,  Tarbell  Z.,  co.I,  122d  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Rosenbaum,  H.,  co.  K,  20th,  and  Captain,  co.  D,  37tli 

O.  V.  V.  I. 
Rose,  Thomas,  co.  K,  25th  O.  V.  I. 
*Ros.s  John,  CO.  H,  lUth  O.  V.  I. 
Roth,  John,  co.  C,  2d  U.  S.L;  and  co.  B,  2(lth  O. V.V.I. 
Roth,  Geo.,  CO.  B,  130th  0.  N.  G. 
Rowe,  S.  M.,  CO.  E,  206th  Pa.  V.  I. 
Rowley,  Horace,  co.  K,  17th  Vt.  V.  I. 
Royce,"  William,  Engineer,  U.  S.  N. 
Rowsey,  Charles  A.,  Captain,  co.  D,  67tb  (».  V.  I. 
fRowsey,  John  A.,  Sergeant,  co.  D,  (wth  i ».  V.  I. 
Rupple,  Conrad,  co.  B,''l30th  0.  V.  I. 
Sacco,  Henry,  co.  A,  189th  O.  V.  I. 
fSala,  Benjamin,  CO.  D,  1st  O.  V.  I. 
SalLsburv,  W.  N.,  Sergeant,  co.  F,  42d  111.  V.  I. 
fSangston,  I.,  Captain,  co.  F,  100th  O.  V.  I. 
Salter,  N.,  co.  M,  8th  N.  Y.  V.  C. 
Sanzenbacher,  D.,  Corj)oral,  co.  C,  17th  Mo.  V.  I. 
*Saunders,  Ign.,  co.  F,  102d  O.  V.  I. 
Santer,  Mich.ael,  co.  B,  o7th  O.  V.  I.;  and  co.  C,  37th 

O.  V.  V.  I. 
Sawtelle,  Woolse  N.,  18th  Ind.  Battery. 
Sawyer,  Homer,  co.  C,  21st,  and  Sergeant,  co.  A,  67th 

O.  V.  I. 
Sawyer,  Ira  B.,  bat.  F,  1st  Mich.  V.  L.  A. 
Scanlon,  Edward,  co.  F,  72d  O.  V.  I. 
Scott,  M.  W.,  CO.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Scott,  Albert  E.,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Scott,  W.  P.,  CO.  K,  2.5th  O.  V.  I.;  and  Captain,  co. 

A,  2.5th  O.V.  I. 
Scott.  Joseph,  CO.  K,  128th  0.  V.  I. 
Scheetz,  C,  Corporal,  co.  F,  25th  O.  V.  I.;  and  Pri- 
vate, CO.  C,  21st  O.  V.I. 
Sehaefer,  Charles  P.,  Captain,  co.  I,  67th  O.  V.  I. 
Schaller,  Fred,  Sergeant,  co.  I,  Ulth  O.  V.  I. 
Scherer,  George,  Corporal,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
Schlencker,  Chris.,  co.  F,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Schiller,  Fred.,  co.  G,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Schiely,  Charles  M.,  Lieutenant,  bat.  K,  1st  O.V.L.A. 


GRAND  ARMY  OF   THE  REPUBLIC. 


241 


Scl.midt,  A.,  co.  A,  4th  and  19th  U.  S.  I. 

fSchmelz,  A.,  Corporal,  co.  E,  111th  O.  V.I. 

jSchroeder,  George,  co.  I,  (ISth  0.  V.  I. 

Schmidt,  D.,  Captain,  co.  I,  37th  O.  V.  I. 

Schmidt,  WilHam,  Sergeant,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I. 

Schneider,  John,  co.  H,  17lh  !Mo.  V.  I. 

Schneider,  John,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I. 

Schneider,  Fred.,  co.  K,  l.^th  Mich.  V.  T. 

*Schneider,  C,  co.  C,  49th,  and  Corporal,  co.  C,  49th 
O.  V.  I. 

Schraum,  B.,  co.  I,  130th  0.  Y.  I. 

•fSclirein,  M.,  co.  E,  2.3th  111.  V.  I. 

Schropp,  Joseph,  co.  C,  25th.  and  co.  K,  2.')th  C).  V.  I. 

Schuler,  Charles,  co.  B,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Schuler,  J.,  Corporal,  co.  I,  47th  O.  V.  I. 

Schnltz,  W.,  CO.  B,  14th,  and  Captain,  co.  H,  37th 
0.  V.  I. 

Schumacher,  John  M.,  co.  F,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Schwartz,  Otto,  Sergeant,  co.  K,  .jth  Pa.  V.  C. 

*Schwind,  F.,  co.  I,  tilth  O.  V.  I. 

Schwinghammer,  David,  co.  B,  5Sth  O.  V.  I. 

Schwager,  J.,  co.  E,  130th  O.  V.  I. 

Scott,  Joseph,  CO.  K,  128th  O.  V.  I. 

Seaman,  I.  K.,  Captain,  co.  I,  21st  O.  V.  I. 

Sebastian,  Fred.  L.,  Captain,  co.  B,  37th  0.  V.  I. 

Seek,  Lewis  J.,  co.  E,  8th  O.  V.  I. 

Seel,  Philip,  Corporal,  co.  H,  197th  O.  V.  I. 

Seeis,  Jacob,  co.  H,  14th  0.  V.  I. 

Shakes,  Levi  H.,  co.  F,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Shamlott'el,  August,  Corporal,  co.  K,  14th  O.  V.  I.;  and 
Corporal,  7th  N.  Y.  Battery. 

Shaw,  Daniel,  co.  I,  13th  111.  Y.  I. 

Shav,  Lewis,  co.  G,  130th  O.  V.  I. 

Sheldon,  David  D.,  bat.  L,  18th  N.  Y.  L.  A.;  and  Or- 
derly Sergeant,  co.  I,  192d  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Sliepherd,  Andrew  J.,  Corporal,  co.  D,  10th  0.  V.  I. 

Shepherd,  A.  G.,  co.  I,  23d  0.  Y.  I.;  and  co.  M,  5th 
U.  S.  C. 

Shepler,  Pius  L.,  co.  B,  128th  O.  Y.  I. 

Sheridan,  A.  J.,  co.  E,  124th  O.  V.  I. 

Shilling,  Conrad,  co.  E,  67th  O.  Y.  I. 

Sheridan,  A.  J.,  co.  E,  24th  Ind.  Y.  I. 

Sherwood,  Isaac  R.,  Captain,  14th  O.  Y.  I.,  and  Bre- 
vet Brigadier  General. 

*Simmons,  Gi.  W.,  Sergeant,  co.  G,  5th  U.  S.  A. 

Simpson,  William,  Master-at-arms,  Blackhawk. 

Skeldon,  John  E.,  co.  B,  100th  O.  Y.  I. 

Skehan,  R.,  co.  C,  14th  0.  Y.  I. 

Skinner,  Samuel  W.,  Surgeon,  4th  Ct.  V.  I.;  and  1st 
Ct.  V.  H.  A. 

Slevin,  Patrick  S.,  Bvt.  Brig.  General,  100th  0.  V.  I. 

*Smith,  A.  B.,  co.  H,  14th,  and  Lt.  Col.,  100th O.V.I. 

Smith,  M.  C,  Corporal,  co.  M,  5th  Mich.  V.  C. 

Smith,  W.  H.,  co.  K,  68th  O.  V.  I. 

Smith,  J.  AV.,  Captain,  co.  H,  lUth  0.  Y.  I. 

Smith,  Frank  W.,  co.  E,  S4th  O.  V.  I. 

Smith,  John,  co.  C,  18th  111.  V.  I. 

Smith,  W.  H.  H.,  Corporal,  bat.  H,  1st  0.  V.  L.  A.; 
and  2d  Lieutenant,  21st  0.  V.  L.  A. 

Smith,  D.  C,  Sergeant,  co.  A,  82d  O.  V.  I. 

Smith,  Henrv,  co.  E,  6th  Mo.  Y.  C. 

Smith,  Fred  P.,  Sergeant,  co.  K,  Sth  N.  Y.  V.  C. 

Smith,  James  L.,  co.  I,  10th  Iowa  V.  I. 

•Smith,  W.  F  ,  co.  C,  4th  0.  V.  I. 

Smith,  E.  H.,  CO.  B,  12th,  and  37th  111.  V.  I. 

Sullwold,  J.,  CO.  B,  37th  0.  V.  I. 

Speyer,  G.  AV.,  Hospital  Steward,  19th  Mo.  V.  I. 

Spore,  William  H.,  co.  H,  5th  N.  Y.  Y.  I. 

Squires,  O.  H.,  co.  H,  8th  Ind.  Y.  I. 

Squire,  W.  I.,  Corporal,  co.  K,  15th  O.  Y.  I. 

Stadel,  John,  co.  D,  72d  O.  V.  I. 

Stahi,  George,  co.  E,  111th  0.  V.  I. 

Starr,  C.  C,  Cai^tain,  co.  G,  12Sth  O.  V.  I. 

■fSteedman,  J.  B.,  Colonel,  14th  O.  V.  I.,  and  Maj.  Gen. 

Steig,  Jacob,  co.  A,  S4th  O.  V.  I. 

Stevens,  E.  H.,  co.  H,  111th  0.  V.  I. 

Stephens,  James  N.,  Seaman,  "Benton,"  U.  S.  N. 


Stipp,  Joseph  A.,  co.  I,  Sth  O.  V.  C. 
Steuer,  Joseph,  Corporal,  co.  B,  1.5th  Pa.  V.  I. 
fStockman,  J.,  Sergeant,  co.  K,  142d  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
*Stockwell,  G.  A.,  Assistant  Paymaster,  U.  S.  X. 
Strauss,  John,  co.  I,  111th,  ami  co.  F,  i:50th  ().  V.  I. 
Stritmater,  John  M.,  Corporal,  co.  K,  100th  Pa.V.V.I. 
*Stroud,  David  W.,  co.  F,   11th  Midi.  V.  I.;  and  1st 

Mich.  V.  H.  A. 
Stutesman,  Robert  D.,  bat.  K,  1st  O.  Y.  H.  A. 
Swan,  C.  J.,  Orderly  Sergeant,  87th  0.  V.  I. 
*Swayne,  Wager,  Brigadier  General. 
Sweeney,  J.,  Noncoiiimis.sioned  Officer,  U.  S.  N. 
Sweatland,  G.,  Corporal,  co.  D,  34th  O.  Y.  I. 
Swigart,  Joseph  R.,  co.  C,  Sth  O.  \' .  I. 
*Taylor,  H.  B.,  co.  A,  S4th  O.  V.  I. 
Tebean,  A.  J.,  co.  K,  2.5th,  and  Corporal,  co.  H,  llltli 

O.  Y.  I. 
fTemme,  George  W.,  1st  Lieutenant,  co.K,37th  O.Y.I. 
Terry,  Orange  S.,  co.  D,  35th  la.  Y.  I. 
Terry,  Titus  B.,  Sergeant,  co.  B,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
*Thaetor,  Fred.,  co.  I,  9th  0.  V.  C. 
Thomas,  Charles  W.,  co.  G,  lS9th  O.  Y.  I. 
Thomas,  C.  L.,  Sergeant,  co.  D,  .5th  Ind.  V.  C. 
Thomas,  G.  W.,  Lieutenant,  co.  I,  10th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Thomas,  John,  bat.  G,  Ind.  V.  Artillery. 
Thompson,  Ed.,  co.  C,  3d  O.V.C;  and  co.  D,5th  O.V.C. 
Thompson,  .lohn,  co.  D,  111th  O.  V.  I. 
Thompson,  James,  co.  H,  111th  0.  Y.  I. 
Thorn,  Samuel  S.,  Surgeon,  130th  O.  \.  I. 
Thorn,  Webster,  co.  B,  14th  O.  Y.  I. 
Thornberg,  Thomas  H.,  Lieut.,  co.  F,  Sth  0.  Y.I. 
Tibbits,  W.,  Captain,  co.  C,  116th  N.  Y.  Y.  I. 
"Timmons,  James,  1st  Lieut.,  co.  I,  5th  O.  V.  I. 
Titus,  W.  A.,  CO.  K,  14th  O.  Y.  I. 
Todd,  Francis  E.,  co.  K,  6th  Mich.  Y.  I. 
Topliflf,  Charles  A.,  co.  B,  14th  0.  Y.  I. 
Torgler,  Ernest,  Sergeant,  co.  G,  37th  O.  Y.  I. 
Totten,  Henry  J.,  Sergeant,  co.  C,  130th  0.  Y.  I. 
Tourtellotte,  A.  D.,  3d  Iowa  Cavalry. 
*Treuschel,  T.,  co.  B,  55th  ().  V.  I. 
Trimble,  AV.  J.,  co.  I,  142d  O.  V.  I. 
Triquart,  P.,  Sergt.  and  Lieut.,  co.  K,  25th  0.  Y.  I. 
Trotter,  L.,  co.  E,  111th  O.  \.  I. 
Truesdell,  Amos  J.,  30th  AVisconsin  V.  I. 
Tucker,  Theo.  B.,  co.  B,  88th  O.AM.,  and  Sergt.,  bat. 

M,  1st  O.  V.  A. 
Tufts,  J.  AV.,  Q.  M.  Sergt.,  16th  Mass.  A".  I. 
Turlev,  William,  bat.  L,  1st  N.  Y.  \'.  A. 
Turner,  N.  G.,  co.  H,  21st  0.  \.  I. 
Turner,  John  H.,  co.  K,  67th  0.  \.  I. 
Ullrich,  Adam,  Sergeant,  co.  E,  111th  0.  A'.  I. 
Umberhaum,  Christ.,  co.  H.  130th  O.  Y.  I. 
Upham,  Furman,  co.  C,  1st  0.  A'.  C. 
Urquehardt,  H.  P.,  Ord.-Sergt.,  co.  B,   38th  O.  A'.  I., 

and  Private,  co.  C,  7th  \.  R.  C. 
Valley,  Joseph,  3d  A't.  Y.  L.  A. 
*A^anetten,  A.,  Sergeant,  co.  G,  3d  O.  \ .  C. 
YauEtten,  John  W.,  Sergeant,  co.  F,  144th  O.  X.  I. 
A'andusen,  A.,  co.  H,  197th  O.  V.  I. 
tVanhoosen,  L.  B.,  co.  F,  67th  O.  A'.  I. 
*Varney,  Burton,  Sergeant,  co.  F,  48th  Ind.  A'.  I. 
Veina,  JFrank  H.,  Corp..  co.  G,  2d  Batn.  18th  U.  S.  I. 
Yeo,  Peter,  co.  K,  1st  Mich.  V.  C. 
Viertelle,  H.,  Corporal,  co.  H,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Voget,  Godfrey,  co.  D,  111th  0.  \.  I. 
Vrooman,  Gieorge  W.,  Sergeant,  co.  II,  100th  O.  \ .  I. 
Whacker,  Lewis,  co.  E,  130th  0.  X.  I. 
AVaddick,  J.  M.,  Sergeant,  co.  C,  Sth  111.  V.  I. 
AVade,  Thomas  O.,  co.  K,  54tli  O.  V.  I. 
AVagner,  Frank,  co.  K,  49th  O.  A'.  I. 
AA^aite,  Richard,  Capt.  co.  A,  84th  and  Capt.  co.  C, 

130th  O.  A'.  I. 
AV^aldron,  Jerome  B.,  co.  K,  67th  0.  V.  I. 
AValker,  John,  Corporal,  co.  D,  182d  O.  V.  I. 
Wales,  Ralph  AV.,  co.  G,  12Sth  0.  V.  I. 
Wallace,  S.  L.,  co.  B,  22d  O.  V.  I. 
Wamsher,  John  AV.,  co.  I,  128th  Pa.  V.  I. 


242 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


»Wann,  W.  L.  Dr.,  Major,  136th  Pa.  V.  I.,  and  Lieut. 

CO.  D,  102d  O.  V.  I. 
Ware,  William,  Lieut.,   co.   H,   20th  111.  V.  I.,  and 

Lieut..  Si-itnal  Service. 
Warficld,  H.  L,  co.  B,  14th  O.  V.  I.,  and  co.  B,  14th 

O.  V.  V.  I. 
Waring,  Sebre  IL,  Corporal,  co.  E,  S4th  O.  \  .  I. 
Warnislev,  Lawrence,  Lieut.,  co.  C,  lS2d  O.  V.  I. 
Warn,  Monroe  ('.,  co.  H,  132d  Pa.  V.  I. 
Warren,  Alfred  N.,  co.  A,  14th  0.  V.  I. 
Walters,  Thomiis,  2d  Lieut.,  co.  E,  111th  O.  V.  I. 
♦Washburn,  A.  G.,  co.  F,  14th  O.  V.  L,  and  14th  O. 

V.  V.  I. 
Watson,  John  A.,  Sergeant,  co.  F,  oSth  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Watson,  John  W.,  co.  H,  30th  Ind.  V.  I. 
Watson,  Pliny,  1st  Lieut.,  co.  K,  55th  O.  V.  I. 
Watson,  Daniel,  co.  E,  45th  and  co.  G,  134th  111.  V.  I. 
Webb,  James  K.,  co.  K,  1st  Mich.  V.  I.,  and  Corp., 

28th  Batt.  I.  v. 
Weber,  Alex.,  co.  E,  fi7th  0.  V.  I. 
Weber,  John,  co.  K,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
tWeber,  Marcus,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I, 
Weber,  Valentine,  co.  B,  37th  0.  V.  I. 
Weible,  Geoi-ge  S.,  co.  F,  100th  O.  V.  I. 
Weiland.  James,  Corporal,  co.  C,  1st  O.  V.  C. 
Weil,  Conrad,  Sergeant,  co.  C,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Weitzell,  Henry,  co.  F,  .54th  O.  V.  I. 
Wellman,  H.  W.,  Sergeant,  co.  L,  16th  111.  V.  C. 
Welles,  George  E.,  Lieut.-Col.,  68th  O.  V.  I.,  andBvt. 

Brig. -General. 
Welmore,  Nicholas  H.,  co.  B,14th,  andK,  2.5th  O.V.I. 
Welshofer,  Charles  F.,  co.  B,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
Wanning,  George  J.,  co.  K,  37th  O.  V.  I, 
Wenzel,  J.,  co.  E,  9th  O.  V.  C,  and  co.  I,  25th  O.V.I. 
Werder,  J.,  co.  H,  21st  O.  V.  I. 
Werr,  Lawrence,  Seaman  Miss.  Squad.,  and  Private, 

CO.  K,  lOSth  O.  V.  I. 
Wetmore,  Nicholas  N.,  co.  B,  14th  O.  V.  I.,  and  co. 

K,  25th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Whalon,  Jolm  M.,  co.  I,  15th  Mass.  V.  I. 
Whipple,  Jerome  B.,  8th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
White,  Channing,  co.  G,  7.5th  O.  V.  I.,  and  bat.  C,  2d 

O.  V.  H.  A. 
White,  John  G.,  co.  K,  155th  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  and  Seaman 

White,  J.  \V.,  CO.  A,  14th  and  co.  G,  .38th  O.  V.  I. 
Whitemill,  George,  co.  M,  Sth  Mich.  V.  C. 
Whittelsy,  Robert  D.,  1st  Lieut,  bat.  G,  1st  O.  L.  A. 
Whitlock,  J.  A.,  CO.  C,  21st  O.  V.  I.,  and  bat.  H,  1st 

O.  V.  L.  A. 
Wiechard,  A.  B.,  co.  K,  ISth  Mich.  V.  I. 
Wilbur,  Herman  L.,  co.  D,  4th  Mich.  V.  C. 
Wilcox,  Alb.,  CO.  G,  130lh  O.  V.  I. 
Wilcox,  Minot  I.,  Q.  M.,  130th  O.  N.  G. 
Willey,  Henry,  co.  G,  144th  and  co.  C,  189th  O.  V.  I. 
AVilkinson,  John  P.,  co.  F,  197th  O.  V.  I. 
Willhauk,  Anthony,  co.  C,  1st  O.  V.  C. 
Williams,  Charles  IL,  co.  D,  182d  O.  V.  I. 
Williams,  Edward  D.,  co.  A,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Williston,  Geo.  J.,  Co.  A,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Wilsey,  W.  G.,  co.  C,  111th  O.  V.  I. 
Wilson,  Oliver  C,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
tWilson,  Wm.,  co.  L,  1st  Mich.  Eng. 
Wilson,  Richard  F.,  co.  I,  10th  Pa.  V.  C,  and  co.  K, 

190th  O.  V.  I. 
Wiltsee,  John  L.,  co.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Winzler,  Matthias,  co.  B,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
Witker,  Fred.  E.,  co.  C,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Witzman,  Max,  co.  K.  192d  O.  V.  I. 
Wittich,  Charles,  co.  H,  111th  O.  V.  I. 
Wittich,  Theo.,  co.  C,  32d  Ind.  V.  1. 
Wolcott,  John  F.,  co.  H,  9th  O.  V.  C. 
Wolcott,  Joseph  L.,  Lieut.,  co.  B,  G7th  0.  V.  I. 
*Woldmau,  H.,  Sergt.,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I.;  Capt.,  co. 

H,  1st  O.  N.  Q. 
Wolf,  Joseph,  Corp.,  co.  F,  2d  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  and  Corp., 

CO.  F,  9th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 


Wolfort,  Fred.,  co.  B,  5.5th  O.  V.  I. 

Woodard,  A.  J.,  co.  G,  147th  N.  Y".  V.  I. 

Woodard,  Calvin  P.,  Corporal,  co.  H,  110th  N.Y.V.  I. 

Woodbury,  Albert,  co.  E,  67th  O.  V.  I. 

Woodrufl',  C.  D.,  Captain — full  record  not  given. 

Wood,  Harrison,  Sergt.,  co.  A,  14th  and  1st  Lieut.,  co. 

A,  140th  0.  V.  I. 
Woods,  Jcseph  T.,  Surgeon,  99th  O.  V.  I. 
Woods,  Edwin,  co.  I,  47th  O.  V.  I. 
WooLson,  Alvin  M.,  Sergt.-Maj.,  bat.  M,  1st  O.  H.  A. 
Wormwell,  John  S.,  co.  C  and  co.  B,  1st  Me.  V.  I. 
Worts,  George,  2d  Lieut,  co.  I,  67th  0.  V.  I. 
Worts,  John  J.,  co.  K,  2.5th  O.  V.  I. 
Wuerful,  John  C,  CO.  A,  14th  and  1st.  Lieut,  co.  F, 

130th  O.  V.  I. 
Wvnn,  David  M.,  co.  B,  49th,  and  Sergt.,  co.  B,  49th  O. 

v.  I. 

*Y'eager,  F.,  co.  F,  144th  and  Sergt.,  co.  E.  ISlst  O.V.I. 

Young,  Charles  L.,  Brev.  Lieut.-Col.,  70th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

*Y'oung,  George,  co.  C,  18th  Mich.V.  I. 

Young,  John,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I. 

Young,  James,  co.  H,  67th  O.  V.  I. 

Y'oung,  Spencer  A.,  co.  K,  18th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Zander,  F.,  Musician,  37th  O.  V.  I. 

Zander,  Chris.,  Sergeant,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I. 

Zeller,  Joseph,  Sergeant,  co.  C,  100th  111.  V.  I. 

Zimmerman,  Charles  E.,  co.  A,  S7th  Pa.  V.  I. 

Zink,  John,  co.  F  and  co.  D,  14th  O.  V.  I. 


FORD  POST,  NO.  14, 

EAST  TOLEDO. 

This  Po.st  was  organized  under  charter  bear- 
ing (late  of  January  21,  18G7,  with  the  following 
members  : 

Charles  L.  Hurlliurt,  Augustus  Brown,  Frank  P. 
Wilson,  Michael  Mulrooney,  Joab  Squire,  George 
Scheets,  William  Sexton,  F.  J.  Kostack,  Joseph  A. 
Perry,  Samuel  McDonald,  Arnold  McMahon. 

A  second  charter  was  issued  August  26, 1878, 
with  the  following  members,  to  wit : 

Frank  P.  Wilson,  Norman  Inman,  N.  L.  Badger, 
Alonzo  L.  Brown,  Joseph  B.  Jennings,  Or.son  Sage, 
Joab  Squire,  George  Scheets,  John  H.  Mack,  John 
McLain,  Willis  E.  Clark. 

The  Post  took  its  name  from  Captaiu  Hyatt 
G.  Ford,  of  Company  B,  Sixty-Seventh  Ohio 
Volunteer  Infantry.  He  had  been  for  many 
years  a  prominent  and  respected  citizen  of  Bast 
Toledo,  where  for  some  time  he  was  engaged 
in  the  culture  of  Fruit  Trees  and  Shrubbcrj-. 
He  was  one  of  the  earliest  Volunteers  in  the 
Union  Army,  and  was  the  first  to  be  brought 
home  to  that  vicinity  as  a  victim  of  treason's 
wrong,  he  having  been  killed  in  battle  at  Win- 
chester, Virginia,  March  16,  1862.  Elijah 
Whitmore,  of  the  same  command,  was  first  at 
Ca]itain  Ford's  side  when  he  fell.  The  remains 
were  placed  in  Willow  Cemetery,  near  to  the 
present  site  of  the  Soldiers'  Monument. 

In  1879,  steps  were  taken  to  provide  a  suit- 
able burying-place  for  Soldiers  dying,  when  the 
Trustees  of  Oregon  Township,  at  request  of  the 


GRAND  ARMY  OF   THE  REPUBLIC. 


243 


Post,  granted  a  very  desirable  lot  in  Willow 
Cemetery,  which  was  properly  laid  oiit,  sodded, 
and  otherwise  improved.  Subsequently,  the 
Trustees  of  the  Township  granted  additional 
grounds  in  the  Cemetery,  and  also  the  matter 
of  a  Soldiers'  Monument  was  early  proposed, 
and  was  prosecuted  with  such  energ}-,  that  the 
Post  was  permitted  to  unveil  the  memento  on 
Decoration  Day,  1882,  which  was  an  occasion 
of  unsurpassed  interest  with  the  members  of 
the  Post  and  a  large  assemblage  of  citizens 
present.  The  construction  of  the  Monument 
was  prosecuted  largely  by  the  Ford  Post  Monu- 
ment Association,  of  which  the  following  per- 
sons were  the  Officers  :  President,  Charles  A. 
Crane ;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Geo.  Scheets ; 
Executive  Committee,  C.  A.  Crane,  Thaddeus 
W.  Taylor,  Willis  E.  Clark,  Joab  Squire,  Geo. 
Scheets. 

The  Pa.st  Commanders  of  Ford  Post  were  as 
follows;  Under  first  charier — Colonel  Arnold 
McMahon,  Lieutenant  Horace  Dodds,  Captain 
A.  Romeyn  Eogers,  and  Captain  Joab  Squire. 
"Under  second  charter — Joseph  B.  Jennings 
(three  tei-ms),  Willis  E.  Clark,  Captain  Joab 
Squire,  and  George  E,  Cool. 

The  officers  of  the  Post  for  1887,  are  as 
follows:  Orson  Sage,  P.  C;  George  White. 
S.  V.  P.  C;  John  D^  Foster,  J.  V.  P.  C;  O.  L. 
Riddle,  Adjutant;  George  Scheets,  Quarter- 
master; F.  P.  Wilson,  Surgeon  ;  A.  E.  Hinds, 
Chaplain  ;  M.  J.  Scott,  0.  D.;  O.  Weaver,  O.  G.; 
D.  C.  Williams,  S.  M.;  John  Thorp,  Q.  M.  S.; 
A.  Muchler,!.  G.;  J.  F.  Owen,  O,  G.;  B.  Miller, 
Color-Bearer;  James  H.  Emery,  Historian. 

Following  is  a  list  of  members  of  Ford  Post, 
to  May,  1887,  all  being  Privates,  except  as 
otherwise  stated  . 

Almonrode,  Wm.  F.,  co.  G,  110th  O.  V.  I. 

Arquette,  Steven,  co.  A,  loOth  O.  N.  G. 

Applegate,  Gilbert,  co.  C,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Brown,  Sylvester,  Captain,  co.  A,  l.HOth  O.  N.  G. 

Brown,  L.  A.,  Corporal,  co.  E,  Md  O.  V.  O. 

Brown,  John  L.,  co.  A,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

Beltz,  John,  jr.,  co.  B,  (37th  O.  V.  I. 

Betters,  Chas.  B.,  co.  K,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Benn,  Cyrus  N.,  co.  G,  3d  Mich  Cav. 

Beltz,  John,  sr.,  co.  H,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Clark,  WiUis  E.,  Sergeant,  co.  B,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Culver,  Horace,  Sergeant,  co.  B,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Cool,  George  E.,  co.  K,  4th  X.  Y.  I. 

Clark,  S.  M.,  co.  C,  IfiSth  N.  Y.  I. 

Corey,  B.  S.,  co.  C,  2d  U.  S.  I. 

Crawford,  John  S.,  2d  Lieut.,  bat.  M,  13th  N.  Y.  H.  A. 

DeBolt,  Amos,  co.  A,  130th  O.  X.  G. 

DeWitt,  N.  C,  CO.  E,  3d  O.  V.  C. 

DeCant,  Peter,  co.  K,  18th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Dahn,  John,  co.  B,  G7th  O.  V.  I. 

Dowel,  Moses,  co.  B,  182d  O.  V.  I. 


Eaton,  J.  F.,  co.  D,  67th  0.  V.  I. 

Emery,  James  H.,  Bugler,  co.  I,  14th  Mich.  Bat. 

Eley,  Charles  S.,  co.  B,  43d  O.  V.  1. 

Foster,  John  D.,  co.  B,  3d  Mich.  V.  C. 

Fassett,  Ransom  A.,  co.  A,  l.S2d  O.  V.  I. 

Frazier,  George  C,  co.  G,  Sl.st  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Foight.  Henrv,  co.  U.  liHli  U.  S.  I. 

Fowler,  George  F.,  co.  K,  130th  O.  V.  I. 

Foster,  Willard  C,  Carpenter,  Monitor  Fleet. 

Earner,  Wilson,  co.  C,  3d  O.  V,  C. 

Gardner,  Nathan,  co.  A,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

Grove,  William  H..  co.  G,  lllth  O.  V.  I. 

Gwinner,  G.  A.,  co.  B,  1.30th  O.  N.  (i. 

Grover,  George  A.,  co.  D,  .34th  O.  V.  I. 

Howland,  Orange,  Cajitain,  co.  C,  3d  O.  V.  C 

Hathaway,  Harrison  A.,  co.  11,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Huffman,  Albert,  co.  B,  lllth  ().  V.  1. 

Hinds,  Alfred  E.,  bat.  C,  2d  O.  V.  H.  A. 

Held,  Christian,  Sailor,  co.  I. 

Hollister,  Jesse,  co.  B,  .3d  O.  V.  C. 

Jennings.  Jos.  B.,  Sergeant,  co.  A,  182d  O.  V.  I. 

Jacobs,  Gilbert,  bat.  A,  1st  O.  V.  A. 

Kenan,  James,  co.  K,  123d  O.  V.  I. 

Kiefer,  Eli,  co.  B,  lllth  O.  V.  I. 

Kohne,  Henry,  co.  A,  130th  O.  V.  I. 

Long.  Isaac,  co.  D,  182d  0.  V.  I. 

Lewis,  Charles  C,  Captain,  07th  O.  V.  I. 

Langendorf,  Jacob,  co.  A,  182d  O.  V.  L 

Lynn,  D.  R.,  co.  D,  190th  O.  V.  L 

Lomison,  Jas..  co.  C,  148th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Loop,  Philip  G.,  CO.  B,  67th  0.  V.  I. 

Mack.  John  H.,  Sergeant,  co.  A,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

McLain,  William  J.,co.  D,  Gist  O.  V.  L 

McDougal,  Frank  J.,  co.  0,  3d  O.  V.  C. 

:\Iarshall,  William  B.,  co.  D,  3d  O.  V.  C. 

McPhillips,  J.  E.,  CO.  B,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Miller,  Bernard,  co.  C,  3d  O.  V.  C. 

Moon,  John  W.,  co.  B,  14th  O,  V.  I. 

McAllister,  D.  H.,  Sailor,  M.  TJ.  S.  N. 

Manore,  Eli,  co.  H,  lllth  O.  V.  I. 

Mominee,  Jos.,  co.  C,  ISth  Mich.  V.  I. 

Miles,  Bartlett,  co.  B,  170th  ().  V.  I. 

Mominee,  John.  co.  (J,  ISth  i\Iich  V.  1. 

McNitt.  Tom  D.,  Sergeant,  co.  I,  14.")th  O.  V.  L 

McElliott,  Fred,  co.  B,  14tli0.  V.  L 

McTague,  Thomas,  co.  L,  2d  O.  V.  I. 

Munger,  Frank  D.,  co.  B,  14th  O.  V.  L 

Moon,  Amos,  co.  A,  130th  O.  V.  L 

Moses,  William  R.,  co.  I,  Sth  O.  V.  L 

McGinnis,  D.  B. 

Navarre,  Robert  C,  Corporal,  co.  E,  100th  O.  V.  I. 

Nixon,  William,  Captain,  co.  B,  07th  O.  V.  I. 

Nopper,  Fred,  co.  B,  37th  O.  V.  I. 

Navarre,  Lambert,  bat.  L,  2d  O.  V.  A. 

Navarre,  James  P.,  bat.  L,  2d  U.  S.  H.  A. 

Navarre,  Samuel,  co.  A,  130th  O.  V.  L 

Owens,  Joseph,  co.  B,  33d  111.  V.  I. 

Olmstead,  Theodore,  co.  A,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

Poier,  William,  co.  B,  144th  O.  N.  G. 

Pheils,  Jacob,  co.  B,  182d  O.  V.  1. 

Pool,  John,  CO.  H,  15th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Pittman,  D.  B.,  co.  A,  11th  Pa.  V.  I. 

Page,  John  M.,  co.  A,  01st  N.  Y.  V.  1. 

Rohner,  Casper,  co.  D,  8th  O.  V.  I. 

Ryan,  William  S.,  1st  Lieutenant,  co.  B,  189th  O. V.  I. 

Read,  Thomas,  co.  A,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

Richards,  Allen,  eo.  K,  2.ith  O.  V.  I. 

Rahm,  John  J.,  co.  A,  1st  U.  S.  I. 

Roberts,  D.  L.,  co.  G,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Reichard,  Fred,  co.  I,  07th  0.  V.  I. 

Robison,  Philip,  bat.  C,  2d  O.  V.  H.  A. 

Sage,  Orson,  co.  H,  lllth  O.  V.  I. 

Squire,  Joab,  Captain,  co.  H,  21st  O.  V.  I. 

Scheets,  George,  1st  Lieutenant,  co.  C,  21st  O.  V.  I. 

Spain,  James  H.,  co.  H,  l()4th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Shovar,  Frederick,  co.  I,  177th  O.  V.  I. 

Shook,  John  H.,  co.  G,  124th  O.  V.  I. 


244 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Skidmore,  R.  I.,  co.  A,    30th  O.  N.  G. 

Smith,  J.  J.,  CO.  F,  43(1  O.  V.  I. 

St.  John.  John,  co.  D,  182.1  O.  V.  I. 

Smitli,  Ihury,  co.  C,  24th  111.  V.  I. 

Stint'bii'ck,  Francis,  co.  C,  1st  O.  V.  C. 

Seaman,  Ira  K.,  Captain,  co.  I,  21st  0.  V.  I. 

Smith,  A.  v.,  Hospital  Steward,  r,r)tli  O.  V.  I. 

Schajid,  A.,  co.  I,  108th  O.  V.  I. 

Scott,  M.  J.,  CO.  A,  130th  O.  V.  1. 

Tucker,  William,  co.  B,  3d  O.  V.  C. 

Thorp,  John,  co.  A,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

Tliompson,  William  F.,  co.  M,  Scott's  Cav. 

Taylor,  Lewis,  co.  A,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

TehEvck,  Lewis,  co.  D,  2d  Bat.  V.  S.  I. 

TenEvck,  Ja.s.  V.,  co.  A,  1st  O.  N.  G. 

Tyler,"  Warren,  co.  I,  8th  0.  V.  I. 

Veo,  Lafavette,  co.  B,  24th  Mich.  V.  I. 

WiLson,  Frank  P.,  Surgeon,  .50th  Pa.  Vet.  Vol. 

Whitmore,  Elijah,  2d  Lieutenant,  co.  B,  (iTth  O.V.  I. 

Wilhams,  Cad  M.,  21st  O.  Bat. 

Winchester,  Eugene,  Seaman,  IT.  S.  N. 

Wright,  George  W.,  co.  K,  21st  O.  V.  I. 

Warner,  J.  B.,  co.  B,  07th  O.  V.  I. 

White,  George,  co.  A,  25th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Warner,  Zophor,  co.  A,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Weaver,  O.,  co.  K,  65th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Williams,  Samuel,  co.  C,  03d  O.  V.  I. 

West,  Hiram,  co.  B,  144th  O.  V.  I. 

Zindle,  Jonas,  co.  I,  100th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 


CHARLES  B.  MITCHELL  POST,  NO.  84, 


MAUMEE. 


This  Post  was  organized  June  9,  1881,  with 
17  charter  members.  It  took  its  name  from 
Lieutenant  Charles  B.  Mitchell,  who  entered 
the  service  as  Private  in  Company  I,  Four- 
teenth Eegiment,  0.  V.  I.,  September  5,  1861, 
at  the  age  of  18  years.  He  was  appointed 
Sergeant  and  Sergeant-Major  of  that  Com- 
pany, and  in  May,  1864,  promoted  to  Second 
Lieutenai^t,  and  assigned  to  Company  E.  He 
was  serving  as  such  when  mortally  wounded 
at  the  battle  of  Jonesboro,  Georgia,  Septem- 
ber 1,  1864,  and  died  in  hospital  at  Atlanta, 
September  28,  1864.  His  remains  were 
brought  to  Maumee  and  there  buried.  He  was 
a  sou  of  Edward  Mitchell,  an  old  resident  and 
long  a  leading  citizen  and  business  man  of 
Maumee.  Lieutenant  Mitchell  was  a  young 
man  of  promise  and  high  character,  and  a 
Soldier  brave  and  faithful  to  duty. 

Since  its  organization,  the  Post  has  received 
78  additional  members,  meantime  prospering 
in  all  respects.  The  beautiful  Soldiers'  Monu- 
ment, with  granite  base  and  bronze  statue,  is 
an  outgrowth  of  the  organization,  all  its  mem- 
bers being  in  the  Monumental  Association. 
Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  families  in  need,  have 
been  promptly  looked  after  and  cared  for,  and 
the  special  interests  of  Soldiers  protected  and 
advanced,   so   far  as  occasions    therefor   have 


oiFered.     The  chief  olficers   of  the  Post   have 
been  as  follows  : 

1881 — J.  E.  Wilcox,  Commander;  Charles  Rodd,  S. 
V.  Commander;  Wni.  Kimiuell,  J.  V.  Commander; 
Wm.  Perrin,  Chaplain  ;  S.  W.  Cass,  Officer  of  the 
Day  ;    J.  N.  Blumberg,  Quartermaster. 

1882— J.  E.  Wilcox,  Commander  ;  D.  H.  Shamber- 
ger  and  Wm.  Burge,  Adjutants. 

1883— S.  W.  Cass,  Commander;  J.  E.  Wilcox,  Adju- 
tant. 

1884— S.  W.  Cass,  Commander;  J.  H.  Merrell, 
Adjutant. 

188.5-0.  H.  Merrell  and  J.  N.  Blumberg,  Com- 
mander; J.  E.  AVilcox  and  Leroy  E.  Clark,  Adjutant. 

1886 — O.  N.  Gunn,  Commander;  L.  E.Clark,  Adju- 
tant. 

1887 — D.  H.  Perrin,  Commander;  J.  A.  Church, 
Adjutant. 

The  following  is  a  full  list  of  members  of  this 
Post: 

J.  E.  Wilcox,  Sergeant,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  A. 
Charies  Rodd,  co.  G,  r28th  O.  V.  I. 
J.  N.  Blumberg,  co.  C,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
M.  Stiffers,  co.  A,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Wm.  Perrin,  Sergeant,  co.  F,  100th  0.  V.  I. 
Walter  Lathrop,  co.  F,  67th  O.  V.  I. 
Andrew  Shinkey,  co.  F,  100th  O.  V.  I. 
Samuel  Charter,  co.  C,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
John  Wescott,  co.  K,  185th  O.  V.  I. 

C.  L.  Eigler. 

Eli  Henderson,  co.  K,  3d  0.  V.  C. 

nVilliam  Kimmell,  co.  K,  3d  O.  V.  C. 

George  Cummings,  co.  H,  69th  0.  V.  I. 

Archie  Van  Houten,  co.  E,  S8th  111.  V.  I. 

S.  W.  Cass,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 

*C.  W.  Spangler,  co.  C,  3d  O.  V.  C. 

H.  W.  Case,  co.  F,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

tJ.  W.  Whidden,  co.  K,  67th  0.  V.  I. 

Jacob  Nuhfer,  co.  E,  130th  O.  V.  I. 

H.  C.  Norton,  co.  C,  21st  O.  V.  I. 

J.  R.  Lathrop,  co.  H,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

G.  W.  Hollowav,  bat.  H,  1st  ().  V.  L.  A. 

J.  H.  Merrell,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 

Frank  Mitchell,  co.  F,  100th  O.  V.  I. 

J.   W.  French,  co.  1,  102d  O.  V.  I. 

Thos.  Brown,  co.  E,  130th  O.  V.  I. 

Wm.  H.  Burritt,  co.  E,  130tli  O.  V.  I. 

J.  A.  Church,  co.  K,  25th  0.  V.  I. 

Frank  Hamilton,  co.  E,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

Peter  Thorne,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I. 

James  H.  Burdo,  co.  K,  25th  O.  V.  I. 

George  Sager,  co.  A,  15th  U.  S.  I. 

Charles  Schiely,  Lieut.,  bat.  K,  1st  0.  V.  L.  A. 

Henry  Hain,  co.  A,  ]4th  O.  V.  I. 

Thomas  Bates,  co.  F,  100th  O.  Y.  I. 

Horace  M.  Gay,  co.  D,  11th  Mich.  V.  C. 

Jackson  Lester,  co.  G,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

Peter  Fisestine,  co.  I,  67th  O.  V.  I. 

Silas  Mallory,  bat.  C,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 

D.  H.  Shamberger,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Frank  Richardson,  Corporal,  co.  E,  1.30th  O.  V.  I. 

J.  H.  Wyman. 

John  Spaulding,  co.  G,  128th  0.  V.  I. 

John  Rulapaugh,  co.  G,  128th  0.  V.  I. 

Wm.  Spaulding,  co.  G,  128th  O.  V.  I. 

Alex.  Munch,  co.  B,  37th  O.  V.  I. 

R.  H.  Trumbull,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

R.  H.  Church,  Corporal,  co.  C,  14th  0.  V.  I. 

George  Spaulding,  co.  F,  128th  O.  V.  I. 

Wm.  Pelkev,  co.  F,  100th  O.  V.  I. 

Bennett  Hahn,  co.  E,  130th  O.  V.  I. 

Edward  Henderson,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Marit  Phillips,  co.  C,  13th  O.  N.  G. 


GRAND  ARMY  OF   THE   REPUBLIC. 


245 


Wm.  Burge,  Musician,  co.  E,  130th  0.  N.  G. 
John  Dunkelberger,  co.  F,  184th  Pa.  V.  I. 
J.  S.  Felt,   CO.  A,  14th  0.  V.  I. 
*George  R.  Morris,  co.  C,  14th  0.  V.  I. 
Isaac  Doren,  co.  A,  67th  O.  V.  I. 
Samuel  Lingo,  co.  A,  3d  0.  V.  (". 
tHenry  .Shufelt.  co.  H,  101st  O.  V.  I. 
•j-Theodore  W.  Brake,  Alusician. 
Homer  Dolson,  co.  C,  130th  ( ).  V.  I. 

F.  J.  Kvnette,  co.  F,  11.5th  O.  V.  I. 
*S.  S.  Crepps,  co.  B,  2d  Col.  V.  I. 
A.  W.  Geere,  co.  E,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Thos.  Smith,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
J.  M.  Decker,  co.  E,  1st  Mich.  V.  C. 

A.  P.  Simmons,  bat.  H,  1st  0.  V.  L.  A. 
A.  B.  Hoffman,  co.  F,  198th  O.  V.  I. 
George  Dodds.  co.  A,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Albert  Alens,  co.  K,  L'Tth  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Smith  Jenkins,  co.  I,  14th  0.  V.  I. 
John  Donovan,  co.  F,  85th  0.  V.  I. 
(i.  H.  Blaker,  co.  E,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
T.  B.  Pinkerton,  co.  D.  IL'th  W.  Va.  V.  I. 
Jacob  Baliff,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
Carl  Smith,  co.  G,  37th  0.  V.  I. 
Daniel  Heffelbower,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
John  Ronan,  co.  A,  12Sth  O.  V.  I. 
E.  R.  Bowen,  co.  F,  4th  Mich.  V.  C. 

D.  H.  Perrin,  co.  F,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

John  ;\Iollenkopf,  Sergeant,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
Wm.  Bates,  Color  Bearer,  co.  E,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Joseph  LaPoint,  co.  F,  100th  O.  V.  I. 

A.  B.  Coffin,  CO.  A,  14th  ().  V.  I. 
O.  N.  Gunn,  co.  F,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
tLeroy  E.  Clark,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

G.  W.  Utter,  co.  C,  32d  0.  V.  I. 

E.  S.  Lloyd,  CO.  E,  130th  0.  V.  L 
Sumner  Spaulding,  co.  E,  130th  O.  V.  I. 

B.  F.  Shoup,  CO.  B,  11th  O.  V.  I. 

J.  M.  Wolcott,  Sergeant,  co.  E,  130th  0.  V.  I. 
L  P.  Vosberg,  Sergeant,  co.  E,  22d  Mich.  V.  I. 
*  Deceased,     f  Transferred. 


RUCKLE  POST,  No.  335. 


MONCLOVA. 


The  organization   of   thi.s  Post   took   place 

July  28, 1883,  with  the  followiug  named  officers: 

Commander,  John  W.  Kerr. 
S.  V.  Commander,  John  Welch. 
J.  V.  Commander,  Henry  Shufelt. 
Adjutant,  William  Blystone. 
Quartermaster,  William  Lose. 
Surgeon,  John  Farner. 
Chaplain,  S.  S.  Bartlett. 
Officer  of  the  Giuard,  John  Cable. 
Sergeant-Major,  Joseph  Whidden. 
Quartermaster  Sergeant,  Joseph  Luce. 

The  present  officers  of  the  Post  (1887)  are  as 

follows  : 

Commander,  AVilliam  Jones. 

S.  V.  Commander,  Henry  Van  Fleet. 

J.  V.  Commander,  John  Cable. 

Adjutant,  Peter  Lindersniith. 

Quartermaster,  J.  W.  Kerr. 

Chaplain,  Henry  Shufelt. 

Officer  of  the  Day,  John  E.  Welch. 

Officer  of  the  C-luard,  Henry  Hopwood. 

Surgeon,  Oscar  Johnson. 

Quartermaster  Sergeant,  Louis  Bennra. 

Sergeant-Major,  J.  H.  Bateman.    • 

The  Post  took  its  name  from  four  brothers, 
who  were  killed  in  the  War  of  the  IJebellion. 


Six  brothers  enlisted  in  the  Union  Army, but 
two  returning  to  their  homes.  George,  Sixth 
Michigan  Cavahy,  was  killed  on  the  11th,  and 
Philip,  Sixtieth  Ohio,  on  the  17th  June,  1864, 
both  near  Petersburg,  Virginia.  David,  Four- 
teenth Ohio,  wounded  in  battle,  died  near  Chat- 
tanooga, Tennessee,  .June  215,  18(i4.  John,  One 
Hundredth  Ohio,  was  killed  in  battle  near 
Atlanta,  Georgia,  August  U,  18G4.  Beside  these, 
were  Daniel,  membor  of  an  Iowa  Regiment, 
and  Henry  C,  of  Company  I,  Fourteenth 
Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry.  The  former  now 
resides  at  Fort  Dodge,  Iowa;  and  latter  at 
Lamar,  Barton  County,  Missouri.  All  were 
young  men,  industrious  and  worthy  citizens. 
They  were  sous  of  Christopher  Ruckle,  a  native 
of  Ireland,  who  had  tlien  lived  for  many  years 
in  Monclova. 

Though  few  in  membership  and  not  .strong 
in  purse,  the  Post,  nevertheless,  through  un- 
tiring efforts  has  erected  a  fine  brick  building, 
at  a  cost  of  $1,800  ;  and  also  a  Soldiers'  Monu- 
ment, at  an  expense  of  $500.  The  latter  was 
dedicated  on  Memorial  Day,  1870.  It  is  15 
feet  in  height,  surmounted  by  an  eagle,  of  pure 
white  marble.  It  was  manufactered  by  Edward 
Lloyd  &  Son,  Maumee  City.  On  the  shaft  is 
cut  the  following  record  of  Monclova  Soldiers 
dead : 

Alfred  O.  Gunn,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I.  Died  at  Lex- 
ington, Ky.,  Nov.  29,  1801  ;  aged  25  years. 

Leonard  H.  Gunn,  co.  I,  14th  Ohio.  Died  at  Lex- 
ington, Ky.,  Nov.  24,  1801;  aged  21  years. 

Edward  Allen,  Sergeant,  Battery  H,  1st  Ohio  Light 
Artillery.  Killed  at  Port  Republic,  Va.,  June,  1862  ; 
aged  23.i  vears. 

J.  C' House,  CO.  F,  100th  O.  V.  I.;  killed  at  Buz- 
zard Roost,  Ga.,  May  9,  1864;  aged  30  years,  5  months 
and  6  days. 

Philip  Ruckle,  co.  E,  60th  O.  V.  I.  Killed  at  Pe- 
tersburg, Va.,  June  17, 1864 ;  aged  25  years,  10  month,s, 
6  days. 

John  Ruckle,  co.  F,  100th  O.  V.  I.  Killed  at  At- 
lanta, Ga.,  August  6,  1864;  aged  20  years,  4  months, 
27  days. 

I.  T.  Walker,  co.  B,  14th  O.  V.  L;  Valentine  Hahn, 
CO.  I,  100th  O.  V.  I.  (Places  of  death  and  ages  of  these 
not  known. ) 

Israel  Schneider,  co.  F,  100th  O.  V.  I.  Died  at  Lex- 
ington, Ky.,  March  20,  1863  ;  aged  19  years,  5  months 
9  davs. 

Edward  Moody,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I.  Died  at  Mt. 
Vernon,  Kv.;  aged  26  years. 

Jacob  Baugher,  co.  F,  100th  O.  V.  I.  Died  at 
Knoxville,  Tenn.,  July  4,  1864;  aged  23  years,  11 
months,  IS  days. 

John  E.  Strayer,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I.  Died  at  Ring- 
gold, Ga.,  April  11,  1864;  aged  19  years,  11  months, 
17  days. 

Andrew  Trapp,  Corporal,  co.  D,  100th  O.  V.  I. 
Killed  at  Atlanta,  Ga.,  August  6,  1864  ;  aged  26  years, 
5  months. 

Cyrus  Salsbury,  Corporal,   co.  F,  100th  O.  V.  I. 


246 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Killed  at  Atlanta,  August  6,  1864 ;  aged  32  years,  6 
luonths.  ,.,,    , 

Levi  Reeder,  co.  1,  14th  0.  V.  I.  Killed  at  Jones- 
boro,  Ga.,  September  1,  1864;  aged  22  years. 

David  Kiukle,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I.  Died  June  20, 
1864  ;  iiKe<l  2:!  vears,  5  months,  12  days. 

George  E.  Wagoner,  co.  F,  100th  0.  V.  I.  Died 
August  7,  1864  ;  aged  21  years,  3  days. 

Levi  McMullen,  co.  I,  14th  0.  V.  I.  Died  at  Mad- 
ison, Ind.,  December  18, 1864 ;  aged  35  years,  9  months 
and  20  davs. 

Jacob  Hipp,  died  at  Andersonville,  Ga.,  October 
13,  1864  ;  aged  23  years. 

John  Cramer,  co.  F.,  14th  0.  V.  I.  Died  at  Frank- 
fort, Ky.,  March  16,  1862  ;  aged  26  years. 

The  oriii:inal  Post  roll  shows  these  names : 

J.  W.  Kerr,  Henrv  C.  VanFleet,  David  Dart,  Oscar 
Johnson,  John  Cable",  J.  E.  Welch,  J.  H.  Bateman, 
Alvin  Goucher,  Jehu  Anderson,  Henry  Shufelt,  H.  H. 
Walker,  J.  B.  Grithn,  William  Lose,  Louis  Bennra, 
Henry  Hopwood,  William  Trumble,  William  Jones, 
Frank  K.  Laha,  Peter  Lindersmith,  C'hristian  Blun- 
hart  (at  the  National  Soldiers'  Home),  Martin  Reese, 
Sylvanus  Gamble,  Joseph  Natchtrab,  James  Ellis  ; 
H.  S.  Steedman,  dead  ;  Isaac  Hill,  dead ;  James  Wil- 
son, dead  ;  William  Blystone,  Joseph  Whidden,  Wil- 
son Davis,  John  E.  Connelly,  John  Earner,  Joseph 
Luce,  —  Lingo,  Jacob  Fox,  transferred ;  Samuel  S. 
Bartlett,  transferred ;  Silas  Mallory,  transferred ; 
Hubbard  H.  Benschoter,  transferred. 

Monclova  Township,  as  most  other  agricul- 
tural localities,  was  more  pi'olific  of  enlisted 
men  than  of  commissions,  which  latter  went 
chiefly  to  Towns  and  Cities.  Thus,  of  about 
120  men  enlisting  from  that  Township,  not  one 
of  them  received  a  commission.  Subsequent!}', 
four  of  these  wei*e  commissioned,  as  follows  : 
Oscar  N.  Gunn,  promoted  from  Orderly  Ser- 
geant in  Company  I,  Fourteenth  O.  V.  I.,  to 
Second  Lieutenant,  and  First  Lieutenant,  and 
then  to  Captain  (Co.  D)  same  Eegiment.  John 
W.  Kerr,  from  the  ranks,  Company  H,  and 
Regimental  Commissary  Sergeant,  One  Hun- 
dred and  Eleventh  O.  V.  I.,  to  First  Lieuten- 
ant and  R.  Q.  M.,  IstXJ.  S.  C.  Heavy  Artillery; 
and  Captain  (Co.  B)  and  Commissary  of  Sub- 
sistence, Second  Brigade,  Fourth  Division, 
Dept.  of  Cumberland.  Philip  Ruckle,  from 
Sergeant  to  Second  Lieutenant  Sixtieth  O.  V. 
I.  Jesse  Trapp,  from  Orderly  Sergeant  Com- 
pany I,  Fourteenth  0.  V.  I ,  to  Second  and 
First  Lieutenant,  same  Regiment. 


BRINT  AND  McBRIDE  POST,  No.  225, 

RICHFIELD. 

Brint  and  McBride  Post,  No.  225,  at  Rich- 
field Center,  was  organized  and  mustered  into 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  May  16,1883, 
by  Captain  I.  P.  Grover,  of  Toledo,  under  a 


general  order  from  Department  Headquarters. 
The  Charter  is  dated  May  16,  1882,  and  con- 
tains the  names  of  the  following  members : 

Myron  P.  Sanderson,  Private,  Company  F,  67th  O.  V. 

V.  I. 
Jas.  R.  Smith,    First    Sergeant,    Company   K,  25th 

O.  V.  V.  I. 
Oliver  P.  Clark,  Private,  Battery  E,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
W.  H.  Dennis,  Private,  Company  A,  18i)th  O.  V.  I. 
Arthur  Gordinier,  Private,  Company  F,  67th  O. V.V.I. 
Peter  Lepper,  Sailor. 

Samuel  Bayliss,  Battery  H,  1st  0.  V.  L.  A. 
Eli  S.  Palmer,  Company  D,  20th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Wm.  Bartholomew,  Company  D,  123d  0.  V.  I. 
Ira  Beverly,  Company  E,  100th  O.  V.  V,  I. 
George  Miller,  Company  G,  o7th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Thomas  Lyons,  Company  E,  100th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Charles  P.  Dennis,  Company  F,  14tii  O.  V.  V.  I. 
William  Brint,  Company  F,"l4th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Henrv  Chulip,  Companv  E,  ,55th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
John'N.  Butler,  Company  H,  21st  0.  V.  V.  1. 
Henry  Green,  Company  G,  130th  O.  N.  G. 
L.  W.  Hendrickson,  Company  G,  130th  0.  N.  G. 
William  Tunison,  Company  F,  14th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
John  Lenardson,  Company  A,  189th  O.  V.  I. 
A.  G.  Washburn,  Company  F,  14th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Simon  Rankin,  Company  K,  4th  Mich.  V.  I. 
John  E.  Bolinger,  Company  K,  1st  Wis.  V.  I. 
G.  S.  (iriffin,  Company  E,  100th  0.  V.  V.  I. 
Samuel  Frazier,  Coniijany  I,  72d  0.  V.  V.  I. 
John  Fox,  Company  A,  189th  0.  V.  I. 

Brint  and  McBride  Post  was  named  after 
John  Brint  and  Wm.  H.  W.  McBride.  The 
former  was  a  son  of  Daniel  and  Grace  Brint; 
enlisted  for  three  years  at  the  age  of  24,  at 
Camp  Oliver,  Toledo,  August  28,  1861,  in 
Company  F,  Fourteenth  Ohio  Infanti-y;  was 
wounded  in  the  arm  at  the  battle  of  Jonesboro, 
September  1,  1864;  and  died  in  hospital  at 
Nashville,  Tennessee,  October  12,  1864,  being 
the  last  soldier  from  Richfield  who  died  during 
the  War.  He  was  buried  at  Sylvania,  Lucas 
County.  As  noticed,  his  term  of  enlistment 
expired  August  28,  1864;  but,  like  a  true  Sol- 
dier of  the  Union,  he  volunteered  to  go  into 
the  fight  which  cost  him  his  life.  He  was  a 
brother  of  Wm.  Brint,  a  charter  member  of 
this  Post,  who,  like  him,  was  a  true  Soldier. 
Wm.  H.  W.  McBride  was  a  son  of  James'R. 
and  Ann  McBride.  He  enlisted  at  the  age  of 
18,  at  Richfield  Center,  August  25,  1861,  in 
Company  F,  Fourteenth  Regiment  Ohio  Vol- 
unteer Infantry,  for  three  years ;  was  taken 
sick  at  London,  Kentucky,  of  typhoid  fever, 
and  died  in  hospital  at  Crab  Orchard,  on  De- 
cember 8,  1861,  that  being  the  first  death  of 
any  enlisted  Soldier  from  Richfield  Township. 

Since  the  organization  of  the  Post,  the  follow- 
ing named  Soldiers  joined  it  by  muster-in  and 
transfer,  to  wit: 


GRAND  ARMY  OF   THE  REPUBLIC. 


247 


John  Raymond,  Company  E,  lOOtb  O.  V.  I. 
William  H.  Pemberton,  Company  F,  100th  O.  V.V.  I. 
Wallace  K.  Ford,  Company  E,  55th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
John  F.  McBride,  Company  F,  14th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Almon  P.  Coon,  Company  "F,  100th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
S.  L.  Kimball,  Company  H,  111th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Joseph  E.  King,  Company  C,  176th  0.  V.  I. 
Stephen  Brick,  Company  A,  128th  O.  V.  I. 
L.  E.  Rowe,  CO.  B,  lltb  Mich.  V.  I. 
Frank  Bnnting,  Company  E,  100th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
Marcns  A.  Curtis,  Company  H,  ISth  Mich.  V.  I. 
Geo.  W.  Taylor,  Company  A,  lS2d  O.  V.  I. 
P.  B.  Root,  Company  F,  07th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
A.  J.  Hicr,  Company  H,  (ith  U.  S.  V.  V.  I. 
Wm.  R.  Carr,  Company  K,  125th  O.  V.  I. 
Mattliew  Bunting,  Company  F,  14th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
A.  J.  Bartholomew,  Company  H,  21,st  AVis.  V.  I. 
Josiah  Westerman,  Company  F,  14th  ().  V.  V.  I. 
Henry  Ray,  Company  F,  14th  O.  V.  V.  I. 
William  Gray,  Company  E,  2.5th  0.  V.  V.  I. 
Lawrence  Miller,  Comi)any  K,  182d  O.  V.  I. 
Samuel  Kilbourn,  Company  D,  14th  0.  V.  V.  I. 
John  I.  Morris,  Company  I,  47th  O.  V.  V.  I. 

No  member  of  this  Post  has  died.  In  the 
year  1885,  with  the  aid  of  the  Belief  Corps, 
the  Post  erected  a  fine  building,  25x60  feet, 
two  stories  high.  Previous  to  that  time  their 
meetings  were  held  in  the  old  Town  Hall.  To 
the  time  of  the  organization  of  the  Post,  the 
citizens  of  this  vicinity  had  not  generally  ob- 
served Memorial  Bay.  Since  its  organiza- 
tion, the  Post  has  observed  that  occasion,  and 
Soldiers'  graves  in  the  three  cemeteries  in  this 
locality  have  been  duly  decorated  with  flowers. 

Arthur  Gordinier  was  the  first  Commander 
of  the  Post,  serving  two  terms  in  succession. 
William  H.  Pemberton  was  the  second  Com- 
mander, serving  one  term ;  Jas.  H.  Smith  third 
Commander,  serving  two  terms.  Henrj'  Chulip 
is  now  the  Commander. 


PAGE  POST,  NO.  471, 

SYLVANLV. 

The  organization  of  this  Post  was  effected 
July  5,  1884,  by  Captain  I.  P.  Grovcr,  of  For- 
syth Post,  No.  15.     The  original  officers  were: 

William  Bryan,  Commander. 

O.  P.  Clark,  Senior  Vice  Conmiandcr. 

E.  F.  Sawyer,  Junior  Vice  Commander. 

Thomas  B.  Hanks,  Quartermaster. 

M.  A.  Whitney,  Sergeant. 

Malcom  Beach,  Chaplain. 

James  E.  Avery,  Officer  of  the  Day. 

Daniel  Donovan,  Officer  of  the  Guard. 

A.  V.  Comstock,  Quartermaster  Sergeant. 

The  present  officers  are  as  follows  : 

William  Bryan,  Commander. 

E.  F.  Sawyer,  Senior  Vice  Commander. 

Francis  M.  Seger,  Junior  Vice  Commander. 

S.  V.  Bell,  Adjutant. 

L.  B.  Dicker,  Quartermaster. 

Lyman  llpham.  Surgeon. 

R.  G.  Burns,  Chaplain. 


T.  B.  Hanks,  Officer  of  the  Day. 
Francis  Little,  Officer  of  the  Guard. 
William  Webb,  Sergeant  Major. 
A.  D.  Ran<lall,  Quartermaster  Sergeant. 

This  Post  took  its  name  from  Harlan  Page, 
who  entered  the  service  as  a  Private  in  Com- 
pany K,  25th  Ohio,  July  10,  18(il,  at  the  age  of 
18  years.  He  .served  faithfully  until  December 
13,  1801,  when  in  the  fierce  engagement  at 
Baldwin's  Canip,  West  Virginia,  where  400 
Union  troops,  through  deception  by  a  spy, 
were  induced  to  attack  5,000  Eebols,  trusting 
to  re-enforcements  which,  owing  to  delay,  failed 
to  come  up.  In  the  unequal  contest  thus  aris- 
ing, many  of  the  Union  command  fell  or  were 
wounded.  Among  the  latter  was  Private  Page, 
who  remained  18  days  in  camp,  often  pleading, 
"  O,  take  me  home  to  die  !  "  Responding  to 
such  imploring  appeal,  eight  devoted  comrades 
sat  out  for  Huttonsville,  a  distance  of  60  miles, 
throughout  which,  bearing  their  loved  friend 
on  a  litter,  they  pursued  their  tedious  way  for 
six  long  days,  sometimes  amid  storms,  and  con- 
.stantly  subjected  to  repulse  by  Rebel  residents 
on  the  route,  and  sometimes  compelled  to  secure 
quarters  for  rest  by  force.  At  Huttonsville,  the 
young  sufferer  bade  farewell  to  his  associates, 
assuring  them,  that  though  he  might  never 
again  be  fit  for  service  (his  collar-bone  being 
badly  shattered),  he  would,  if  able,  return,  to 
cheer  them  by  his  presence.  Lieutenant  Nat. 
Haughton,  of  his  Comjjany,  telegraphed  the 
time  of  the  sufferer's  probable  arrival  at  Syl- 
vania,  February  20,  1862.  F'inally  reaching 
home,  he  exclaimed,  "  Oh,  how  I  have  prayed 
for  this  hour  !  "  His  wound  forbade  all  hope 
of  recovery.  Among  his  last  utterances  was, 
"  Oh,  do  not  pray  for  mj'  recovery  ;  but  rather, 
that  I  may  rest  and  go  home."  He  lived  but  a 
week  after  reaching  home,  d^'ing  February 
27th  and  being  buried  at  Sylvania.  Thus,  in 
the  short  periotl  of  six  months,  had  this  boy 
exhibited  the  highest  qualities  and  paid  the 
extreme  sacrifice  of  the  true  jiatriot  and  brave 
Soldier.  Justly,  indeed,  have  his  comrades 
recognized  his  devotion  in  bestowing  his  name 
upon  their  local  association.  The  eight  noble 
comrades  of  Page,  by  whose  remarkable  devo- 
tion he  was  enabled  to  reach  home  and  friends, 
were  all  of  his  Company,  viz.:  Lj-man  B.  Stone, 
aged  18,  wounded  at  Chancellorsville,  May  8, 
1863,  and  mustered  out  July,  1864,  at  expira- 
tion of  his  term  ;  W^erter  H.  Shaffer,  aged  18, 


248 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


who  served  thrco  years  and  was  mustered  out, 
July,  18G4;  William  Vickory,  aged  21,  wounded 
at  the  battle  of  McDowell,  Virginia,  May  8, 
lS(i2  ;  James  JJoran,  aged  22,  wounded  at  Bull 
liun,  August,  18ti2,  and  discharged  January, 
1863,  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability  ; 
James  Smith  ;  John  Klinck  ;  Michael  Herbert, 
aged  19,  killed  at  Chancellorsville,  May  2, 
1863;  and  Charles  A.  De  Bolt,  aged  19, 
wounded  May  8,  1862,  at  McDowell,  and  vet- 
eranized on  expiration  of  his  term.  It  is  due 
to  the  other  members  of  the  Comimny  here  to 
state,  that  many  of  them  offered  to  go  with 
Page,  if  needed. 

Following  is  the  Eoster  of  Page  Post,  No.  471: 

Bryan,  Wra.,  Corporal,  co.  A,  124th  O.  V.  I. 

Clark,  O.  P.,  Corporal,  bat.  E,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 

Hotcbkiss,  Arthur,  eo.  K,  2.5th  O.  V.  I. 

Garhart,  Amos,  co.  G,  130th  0.  N.  G. 

Cooper,  J.  W.,  Corporal,  co.  F,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Sawyer,  E.  F.,  Sergeant,  co.  B,  18th  U.  S.  I. 

Webb,  Wtti.  J.,  CO.  M,  Sth  Mich.  V.  C. 

Donovan,  Daniel,  Sergeant,  co.  C,  1st  0.  V.  C. 

Bemis,  Chas.  S.,  co.  H,  3d  O.  V.  C. 

Grover,  M.  K.,  co.  G,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

Hank,  Thomas  B.,  co.  A,  171st  0.  N.  G. 

Comstock,  A.  B.,  co.  G,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

Dolby,  David,  co.  C,  3d  O.  V.  C. 

Avery,  Jas.  E.,  2d  Lieut,  co.  B,  4th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Randall,  A.  D.,  Q.  M.  Sergt.,  co.  B,  186th  O.  V.  I. 

Slick,  J.  L.,  CO.  A,  18th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Cherrv,  AVm.,  co.  E,  7th  0.  V.  I. 

Little,"  Francis,  co.  B,  123d  0.  V.  I. 

Ward,  Jared,  co.  F,  26th   Mich.  V.  I. 

Clark,  A.  G.,  co.  G,  l.sth  V.  S.  I. 

Yanhouten,  Ralf,  co.  C,  52d  111.  V.  I. 

Bordeaux,  Asa,  co.  F,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Beach,  Malcolm,  co.  G,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

Brimacomb,John,  co.  B,  128thO.  V.  I. 

Brideling,  Peter,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Ostrander,  Lewis,  co.  F,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Beverly,  Ira,  co.  E,  100th  O.  V.  I. 

Trembly,  EU,  co.  K,  18th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Whiting,  D.  P.,  co.  A,  4th  111.  V.  C. 

Seager,  F.  M.,  co.  A,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Thornton,  M.  H.,  co.  H,  29th  Ind  V.  I. 

Decker,  L.  B.,  co.  F,  67th  O.  V.  I. 

Thornton,  W.  R.,  co.  H,  29th  Ind.  V.  I. 

Fay,  Alfred,  co.  B,  2d  Mich.  V.  C. 

Vesey,  Edwin,  co.  K,  24th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Bell,  Samuel  V.,  co.  H,  31st  O.  V.  I. 

Roberts,  C.  L.,  co.  K,  3dO.  V.  C. 

Hine,  O.  R.,  co  E,  186th  O.  V.  I. 

Slick,  H.  M.,  CO.  H.,  15th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Bragdon,  L.  H.,  Sergeant,  co.  H,  111th  0.  V.  I. 

Brimon,  Jas.,  co.  E,  100th  O.  V.  I. 

Capaul,  Caspar,  co.  F,  Mth  0.  V.  I. 

Burt,  Frank,  2d  Lieut.,  co.  A,  121st  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Decker,  C.  H.,  co.  G,  130th  0.  N.  G. 

Mersereau,  C.  W.,  co.  B,  128th  O.  V.  I 

Parker,  J.  H.,  co.  G,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

Montgomery,  Edwin,  co.  K.  25th  O.  V.  I. 

Roberts,  Ebenezer,  co.  K,  3d  O.  V.  C. 

Goodall,  A.  J.,  CO.  H,  11th  Mich.  V.  C. 

Desotell,  J.  D.,  bat.  H,  2d  N.  Y.  V.  H.  A. 

King,  Joseph,  Corporal,  co.  1, 40th  111.  V.  I. 

Upham,  Lyman,  Corporal,  co.  D,  4th  Mass.  V.  M. 

Call,  J.  H.,  CO.  K,  18th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Albring,  A.  P.,  co.  K,  18th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Hallett,  Wm.,  co.  A,  07th  O.  V.  I. 


Smith,  John,  co.  K,  2.5th  0.  V.  I. 

Baker,  John,  co.  K,  25th  0.  V.  I. 

Lewis,  Adelbert,  co.  B,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

Chandler,  Geo.  F.,  co.  H,  111th  O.  V.  I. 

Duflield,  Johnson,  Sergeant,  co.  A,  4th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Wa.^iburn,  A.  G.,  co.  F,  14th  0.  V.  I. 

Tripp,  Byron,  co.  F,  14th  ().  V.  I. 

Garring,  James,  co.  K,  2.5th  O.  V.  I. 

Glaser,  Henrv,  co.  F,  37th  O.  V.  1. 

Albring,  J.  E",  co.  D,  8th  Mich.  V.  C. 

Burns,  R.  G.,  1st  Lieut.,  bat.  B,  8th  N.  Y.  Art. 

Burdo,  J.  H.,  CO.  K,  2.5th  O.  V.  I. 

Beger,  Aloyce,  co.  K,  2.5th  O.  V.  I. 

Whitney,  M.  A.,  co.  G,  130th  O.  N.  G. 


QUIGGLE  POST,  NO.  289, 

SWANTON. 

This  Post  was  organized  January  2,  1883,  by 
Major  E.  0.  Brown,  of  Forsyth  Post.  It  bears 
the  name  of  Oscar  F.  Quiggle  (son  of  Calvin 
Quiggle),  who  at  the  age  of  17  years,  Octo- 
ber 19,  18G1,  enlisted  as  Musician  in  Company 
I,  Fourteenth  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry,  and 
veteranized  at  Chattanooga,  Tennessee,  Decem- 
ber 15,  1863.  He  continued  to  serve  with 
honor,  until  killed  in  a  skirmish  near  Milledgc- 
ville,  Georgia,  November  22,  1864,  at  the  age 
of  20  years.  His  remains  were  buried  at 
Marietta,  Georgia.  He  bore  the  name  of  a 
true  Soldier  and  brave  young  man,  making  a 
record  which  his  comrades  have  so  jjromi- 
nently  recognized,  in  bestowing  his  name  on 
their  organization. 

The  following  were  the  first  officers  of  the 
Post: 

Commander,  William  Geyser. 

Senior  Vice  Commander,  R.  C.  Scott. 

Junior  Vice  Commander,  S.  Kline. 

Adjutant,  J.  P.  Miller. 

Ofhcer  of  the  Day,  W.  D.  Smith. 

Quartermaster,  H.  Hill. 

Chaplain,  A.  D.  Newton. 

Surgeon,  William  Shoflfer. 

Officer  of  the  Guard,  Daniel  Foster. 

Sergeant  Major,  Frank  Houseman. 

Quartermaster  Sergeant,  L.  G.  Marsh. 

Subsequent  officers  have  been  as  follows: 

1864 — Commander,  R.  C.  Scott;  Adjutant,  Frank 
Houseman ;  Quartermaster,  H.  Hill. 

1885 — Commander,  William  D.  Smith  ;  Adjutant, 
David  Swank  ;  Quartermaster,  Frank  Hou.seman. 

1880 — Commander,  William  D.  Smith  ;  Adjutant, 
N.  B.  Eddey  ;  Quartermaster,  Gilbert  Smith. 

1S87 — Commander,  J.  P.  Miller;  Adjutant,  John 
W.  Thorley  ;  Quartermaster,  Gilbert  Smith. 

The  charter  members  of  this  Post  were  the 
following  named  Soldiers  : 

William  Gevser,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
R.  C.  Scott,  CO.  F,  100th  O.  V.  I. 
J.  P.  Mitler,  co.  H,  100th  O.  V.  I. 
Frank  Houseman,  co.  B,  101st  O.  V.  I. 
William  Shaffer,  co.  A,  67th  0.  V.  I. 


GRAND  ARMY  OF   THE  REPUBLIC. 


L'4!> 


A.  L.  Newton,  Corporal,  co.  B,  (37th  O.  V.  I. 
W.  D.  Smith,  co.  I,  12th  0.  V.  I. 

H.  Hill,  CO.  A,  101st  O.  V.  I. 
L.  G.  Marsh,  co.  I,  3Sth  0.  V.  I. 

I.  Judson,  CO.  K,  185th  O.  V.  I. 
H.  Mar.sh,  co.  G,  12Sth  O.  V.  I. 
William  Hill,  co.  K,  111th  O.  V.  I. 

J.  Snellbeeker,  Corporal,  co.  G,  10th  U.  V.  I. 

John  Farnsell,  co.  I,  oTtli  O.  V.  I. 

J.  S.  Smith,  Corporal,  co.  A.  ()7th  O.  V.  I. 

C.  J.  Scott,  CO.  B,  12Sth  O.  V.  I. 

George  Rarick,  co.  H,  130tli  O.  N.  G. 

Subsequent  members  were  as  follows  : 

M.  C.  Judson,  CO.  I.  14-lth  0.  V.  I. 
L.  Northrup,  New  York  Artillery. 
George  Dull,  co.  H,  130th  O.  N.  G. 
H.  A.  Rice,  co.  I,  36th  0.  V.  I. 
Gilbert  Smith,  co.  C,  26th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

B.  W.  Rayse,  Musician,  co.  H,  1.30th  O.  N.  G. 
H.  Ziegler,  Musician,  co.  D,  100th  0.  V.  I. 
Theodore  Little,  co.  K,  195th  O.  V.  I. 

P.  P.  Calv,  CO.  C,  57th  Pa.  V.  I. 

J.  Hunt,  CO.  A,  164th  O.  V.  I. 

A.  A.  Reed,  Corporal,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

F.  La  Bounty,  co.  H,  ]  1 1th  O.  V.  I. 

John  Templeton,  Lieutenant,  co.  I,  3Sth  O.  V.  I. 

F.  Curtis,  bat.  B,  14th  N.  Y.  Artillery. 

J.  Heffinger,  co.  B,  67th  O.  V.  L 

John  Close,  co.  K.  33d  O.  V.  I. 

David  Swank,  co.  K,  51st  O.  V.  I. 

John  F.  McBride,  co.  G,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

C.  Werner,  .5th  Virginia  Infantry. 
M.  O-sgood,  CO.  D,  68th  0.  V.  I. 

M.  K.  Ree,  Engineer,  co.  E,  Ist  U.  S. 

Thomas  Metz,  co.  I,  38th  O.  V.  I. 

Fred.  Curtis,  co.  B,  Uth  N.  Y.  V.  1. 

S.  S.  White,  Corporal,  co.  G,  130th  O.  N.  G. 

N.  B.  Eddey,  co.  A,  18th  Mich.  V.  L 

S.  Harrington,  co.  D,  .5.5th  O.  V.  I. 

Abraham  Grubb,  co.  K,  185th  O.  V. 

William  ]\Labery,  co.  I,  29th  O.  V.  I. 

Geo.  Harrington,  co.  A,  166th  O.  V. 

Daniel  Deck,  co.  B,  128th  O.  V.  I. 

E.  Crites,  co.  C,  3d  111.  Cavalrv. 

Wm.  H.  Beam.  co.  E,  202d  Pa.  V.  I. 

Newton  Curtis,  co.  C,  75th  O.  V.  I. 

David  Alton,  co.  I,  38ih  O.  V.  I. 

H.  D.  Albee,  co.  F,  8th  0.  V.  I. 

Jonas  Wicks,  co.  H,  180th  O.  V.  I. 

W.  J.  Irwin,  Lieutenant,  co.  K,  111th  O.  V.  I. 

Silas  Munsell.  co.  H,  144th  0.  V.  I. 

Wells  Watkins,  co.  H,  130th  O.N.  G. 

J.  W.  Thorley,  co.  I,  55th  O.  V.  I. 

W.  D.  Wilcox,  CO.  H.  130th  O.  N.  G. 

O.  M.  Hatch,  CO.  K,  128th  O.  V.  I. 

II.  M.  Ribble,  bat.  M,  1st  N.  Y.  Light  Artillery. 
Wm.  Hollis,  Corporal,  co.  D,  14th  ().  V.  I. 

J.  B.  Teachman,  co.  K,  111th  O.  V.  I. 

William  Metz,  co.  I,  3Sth  O.  V.  I. 

James  Vaugh,  Sergeant,  co.  H,  130th  0.  N.  G. 

James  Finn,  co.  D,  4th  IMich.  V.  I. 

Alten  Purdy.  co.  C,  166th  O.  V.  1. 

Oscar  Brown,  co.  G,  12.sth  ().  V.  I. 

A.  Huftil,  CO.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Jacob  Switzer,  co.  F,  100th  O.  V.  I. 


I. 
I. 


RAY  HELLEE  POST,  No.  284. 

WHITEHOUSE. 

The  organization  of  this  Post  was  effected  by 
Comrades  Grovei-  and  Brown,  of  Forsyth  Post, 
No.  15,  Toledo,  December  27,  1882,  with  22 
members  : 


The  first  officers  of  the  Post  were  as  follows  : 

Commander,  O.  P.  Heller. 

Senior  Vice  Commander,  C.  V.  Clark. 

Junior  Vice  Commander,  George  Williams. 

Quartermaster,  J.  C.  Myers. 

Adjutant,  J.  W.  Bradlev. 

Officer  of  the  Day,  F.  M.  Heath. 

The  subsequent  officers  have  been  as  follows : 

1884—0.  P.  Heller,  Commander  ;  J.  L.  Pray,  S.  V. 
Commander;  C.  V.  Clark,  J.  V.  Commander. 

1885— J.  L.  Pray,  Comuiander  ;  E.  R.  Sly,  S.  V. 
Commander;  C.  V.  Clark,  J.  V.  Commander. 

1886— F.  M.  Heath,  Comman<ler;  S.  Hain,  S.  V. 
Commander;  T.  O.  Fretter,  J.  V.  Commander. 

1887— S.  Hain,  Coumiandcr ;  C.  V.  Clark,  S.  V. 
Commander;  T.  O.  Fretter,  J.  V.  Comuiander;  J.  C. 
Myers,  Adjutant;  J.  L.  Pray,  Quarteruiaster ;  H.  S. 
Barker,  Surgeon;  MoC.  Miller,  Chaplain;  John  Fo.s- 
ter.  Officer  of  the  Day;  George  M.  Connor,  Officer  of 
the  Guard. 

The  Post  has  given  substantial  aid  to  a  num- 
ber of  needy  members  and  the  families  of 
members.  It  is  now  laying  the  foundation  for 
a  Soldiers'  Monument,  and  has  regularly  con- 
ducted memorial  services  at  tiie  graves  of  de- 
ceased Soldiers  accessible  to  it;  wiiile  in  other 
ways,  it  has  had  an  influence  toward  the  main- 
tenance of  the  sentiment  of  National  loyalty, 
on  whieli  was  based  the  battle  for  the  L'nion, 
in  which  the  members  of  the  Post  shared  an 
honorable  pai't. 

Following  is  a  list  of  members  of  the  Post : 

Aumend,  H.  E.,  1st  Indp.  Bat.  O.  L.  A. 
Aumend,  J.  B.,  co.  A,  128th  O.  V.  I. 
Barker,  Ed.  R.,  bat.  E,  1st  O.  L.  A. 
Barker,  H.  S.,  co.  F,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
Bradlev,  J.  W.,  co.  D,  128th  O.  V.  I. 
Burnham,  J.  B.,  co.  A,  128th  O.  V.  I. 
Bush,  George  M.,  co.  D,  26th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Carroll,  James,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Clark,  C.  V.,  co.  F,  29th  O.  V.  I, 
Cramer,  W.  M.,  co.  C,  90th  O.  V.  I. 
Crosby,  D.  S.,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Connor,  George  M.,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  L.  A. 
Culver,  T.  J.,  co.  A,  12Sth  O.  V.  I. 
Dark,  Henry,  co.  G,  14th  0.  V.  I. 
Deitrick,  Levi,  co.  D,  38th  O.  V.  I. 
Disher,  Christ.,  co.  F.  100th  O.  V.  I. 
Doran,  Isaac,  co.  A,  07tb  O.  V.  I. 
Doran,  William,  5th  ludp.  Bat.  N.  Y.  A. 
Erb,  Jacob,  co.  H,  49th  O.  V.  I. 
Erskin,  E.,  co.  G,  72d  0.  V.  I. 
Fairbanks,  O.,  co.  I,  lS8th  O.  V.  I. 
Foreman,  S.,  co.  G,  191st  O.  V.  I. 
Fashbaugh,  William,  co.  H,  1.30th  ().  V.  1. 
Foster,  John,  co.  C,  12Sth  t).  V.  1. 
Fretter,  T.  O.,  co.  H,  103d  0.  V.  I. 
Fry,  M.  L.,  co.  F,  161st  O.  V.  I. 
Gillett,  T.  D.,  CO.  D,  68th  O.  V.  I. 
Girau.  Gottleib,  co.  I,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Hain,  Stephen,  co.  D,  14th  O.  V.  I. 
Heath,  F.  M.,  co.  G,  128th  O.  V.  I. 
Heller,  O.  P.,  co.  H,  68th  O.  V.  I. 
Hockman,  H.,  co.  F,  48th  O.  V.  I. 
Holmes,  James,  co.  A,  100th  O.  V.  I. 
Jewel,  Aaron,  co.  B,  22d  Iowa  V.  I. 
Johnson,  H.  J.,  co.  K,  67th  O.  V.  I. 


250 


HISTOHY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Jones,  J.  P.,  CO.  I,  18th  ISrioh,  V.  T. 

Lake,  A.  J.,  co.  E.  L'oth  0.  V.  I. 

Lfsh,  I. 

Lung,  J.  W.,  CO.  F,  M  O.  V.  C. 

Marston,  James,  co.  I.  Htli  ().  V.  I. 

Miller,  MeC  eo.  F,  lOOtli  O.  V.  I. 

Mvers,  J.  C,  to.  B,  ll'stli  O.  V.  I. 

Noble,  ('.  11.,  eo.  K,  lS,-,tli  O.  V.  I. 

Obce.  John,  lo.  I>,  lOOlh  O.  V.  I. 

I'l-av,  J.  L.,  bat.  II.  O.  V.  L.  A.  and  signal  Corps. 

Hieiianison,  I?.  F.,  eo.  A,  iL'Sth  O.  V.  I. 

Kiehanlson,  J.  B.,  co.  D,  lUth  O.  V.  I. 

Ryan,  .lohn,  co.  C,  195th  O.  V.  I. 

Sly,  K.  R.,  CO.  E,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Slv,  Eilwai-.l,— ,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Valkstadt.  F.,  co.  K,  14th  O.  \' .  I. 

Waltz,  E(i.,  CO.  D,  40th  O.  V.  I. 

Weigel,  Charles,  co.  I,  14th  ().  V.  I. 

Whitney,  Elisha,  eo.  1),  11 1th  O.  V.  1. 

Whitney,  II.  E.,  co.  K,  128th  O.  V.  I. 

Williams,  G.  W.,  co.  D,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Willson,  Isaac,  co.  E,  8th  O.  V.  I. 

Wiuslow,  H.  R.,  CO.  B,  128th  O.  V.  I. 


ALBERT  MOORE  TOST,  No.  582. 

WEST   TOLEDO. 

This  Post  was  instituted  March  211, 1886,  with 

the  following  named  officers: 

Commander,  J.  M.  Stanbery. 
Senior  Vice  t'ommander,  John  Bladen. 
Jnnior  Vice  Connnander,  John  L.  Henry. 
Adjutant,  Calvin  Van  Wormer. 

The  Post  bears  the  name  of  Colonel  Albert 
Moore,  who  entered  the  service  as  Ist  Lieuten- 
ant in  the  Fourteenth  Ohio,  August  17,  1861; 
was  j)romoted  to  Captain,  August  16,  1862, 
serving  in  the  same  Regiment ;  and  promoted 
to  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  same  command,  No- 
vember 18,  1864,  serving  as  such  until  the  close 
of  the  War.  For  some  years  previous  to  the 
Rebellion  he  was  an  active  and  useful  citizen 
of  Toledo,  and  throughout  his  military  service 
maintained  an  honorable  record  for  heroism, 
sagacity  and  fidelity  to  the  Union.  Subse- 
quently he  served  two  terms  as  Sheriff  of  Lucas 
County,  with  sjiecial  acceptance  to  the  people, 
and  was  otherwise  identified  with  the  interests 
of  the  jjeople. 

The  officers  of  the  Post  for  1887  are  as  fol- 
lows : 

Commander,  John  Bladen. 
Senior  Vice  Commander,  John  L.  Henry. 
Junior  Vice  Commander,  James  W.  Allen. 
Adjutant,  Calvin  Van  Wormer. 

Following  is  a  list  of  members  of  the  Post : 

J.  M.  Stanbery,  co.  G,  72d  O.  V.  I. 
John  Bladen,  co.  I,  i:mh  0.  V.  I 
J.  L.  Henry,  co.  I,  12:!d  O.  V.  I. 
Calvin  Van  Wormer,  23d  N.  Y.  Indp.  Battery. 
James  W.  Allen,  19th  N.  Y.  Indp.  Battery.    " 
George  S.  Dixon,  co.  1,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Albert  R.  Martin,  co.  I,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
James  L.  Hecox,  co.  A,  11th  Mich.  Cavalry. 


Peter  Cranker,  co.  A,  67th  O.  V.  I. 
Delos  H.  Burch,  co.  H,  189th  N.  Y.  Y.  1. 
Louis,  Nellis,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
Rhinehardt  Fell,  co.  E,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
James  M.  Hartsell,  co.  G,  142d  Ind.  V.  I. 
Siberias  B.  Kies,  co.  A,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
Thomas  Donnolly,  co.  G,  1st  Penn.  Art. 
Albert  AV.  Smith,  eo.  B,  7.5th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Charles  Van  Wormer,  23d  N.  Y.  Indp.  Battery. 
John  Redding,  co.  C,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
Aaron  Van  Wormer,  Jr.,  co.  I,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Rev.  John  Pouoher,  Chaplain,  38th  U.  V.  I. 
George  Carson,  co.  A,  84th  O.  V.  I. 


SWANTON   TOWNSHIP  SOLDIERS. 

The  following  list  of  Soldiers  from  Swanton, 
is  the  result  of  most  careful  efforts  of  Dr.  W. 
A.  Scott  of  that  Township,  in  collecting  the 
facts.  As  a  matter  of  course,  completeness  in 
either  names  or  particulars  of  service,  is  im- 
possible ;  yet  the  results  are  valuable  for  record 
in  this  connection.  As  seen,  that  Township, 
with  a  total  population  of  659  in  1880,  and 
never  more  than  175  votes,  contributed  83 
Soldiers  for  the  Nation's  defense,  or  nearly  50 
per  cent,  of  the  number  of  its  electors: 

Fourteenth  0.   V.  I. — Three  Months. 

Harris,  Vessey,  1861. 

Kav,  John,  1861. 

Rama,  William,  1861. 

Shepler,  Jack,  1861.  Re-enli.sted;  Regiment  unknown. 

Shepler,  John,  Re-enlisted  in  lUth  O.  V.  I. 

Fourteenth  0.  V.  I.  —  Three  Years. 

Anilrew,  Weigle,  Corporal,  co.  C;  age,  20;  enlisted 
Aug.,  ISHl;  (lied  Jan.  1862,  at  Lebanon,  Ky.,  disease. 

Fullerton.  James  E.,  19,  Co.  F,  Aug.,  '61;  died  Na.sh- 
ville,  Tenn.  July,  '04,  from  wounds  at  KenesawMt. 

Thirty-Eighth  0.  V.  L 

Dailey,  Hiram,  1801;  no  further  knowleilge. 
Dickson,  Ezra;  age  18;  1801;  Co.  I.     Dijfcharged  with 

Regt.     Resides  near  Des  Moines,  Iowa. 
Herrick,  Henry,  Musician,  40;  1861,  Co.  1;  m.  o.  Co., 

and  soon  removed  to  New  York. 
Herrick,  Albert,  18;  1861;  Co.  I. 
Holbrook,  Alanson.  18;  1801;  no  other  record. 
Hunt,  Chas.,  30;  1801;  Co.  I;  m.  o.  Co.     Resides  in 

Wood  Co. 
Mills,  Willard  D.,  21;  1801;  Co.  I;  dis.  on  exp.  term. 
Mills,  Jefferson  C,  18;  1861;   Co.  I;   m.  o.  Co.;   died 

March,  1880.  from  Army  disease. 
Scott,  Joseph,  Col.  Guard";  19;   1861;  Co.  I;  mortally 

wounded  at  Mission  Ridge;  buried  at  Chattanooga. 
Weigle,  John,  IS;  1801;  died  in  service.- 
Weigle,  Ephraim,   IS;  Jan.  1804;  ni.  o.  Co.     Resides 

in  Fulton  Co. 

Fift)/-Fifih  0.    V.  I. 

Rogers,  W)n.  H.,  19;  ISOl;  Co.  G;  wd.  Bull  Run,  1862; 
m.  o.  lS(i4;  ap.  2d  Lt.  and  Ist  Lt.  U.  S.  C.  1.  in  1865; 
m.  o.  Co.;  died  1871,  of  Armj^  disease. 

Slrty-Seventh  0.  V.  I. 

Bathric,  Carlos,  23;  1803.     Resides  in  Michigan. 
Beach,  John,  40;  1801;  Co.  A:  dis.  Feb.  1803,  on  Surg. 

ctf.  of  disab.     Died  recently  in  Michigan. 
Beach,  Thos.,  21;  1801;  Co.  A.     Killed  at  Harrison's 

Landing,  July  4,  1862. 


WOMAN'S  RELIEF  CORPS. 


251 


Brace,  Franklin,  18;  1861;  Co.  A.  Missing  at  Ft.  Wagner. 
Brockway,  Chas.,  19;  1864;  m.  o.  Co.     Had  served." 

months  in  85th,  and  6  months  in  8(itli  0.  V.  I.    Re- 
sides at  South  Bend,  Ind. 
Cherry,    David,  40;   1861;   Co.    A.     Killed   at  James 

River,  1864. 
Drayton,  Geo.,  18;   1861;  Co.  A;  m.  o.  exj).  term,  at 

Columbus,  O.     Resides  in  Wood  Co. 
Drayton,  John,  20;  1861;  Co.  A.    Dis.  for  disab.   Lives 

in  Wood  Co. 
Doren,  Isaac,  21;  1861;  Co.  A;  ra.  o.  at  CoUunbus,  Dec. 

1864.     Resides  in  Swanton. 
Egnew,  James,  IS;  1861;  Co.  A.   Killed  at  Ft.  Wagner. 
FuUerton,  Joseph,  20;  1861;  Co.  A.     Died  in  Virginia. 
Girdham.  Thomas,  17;  ISIil;  Co.  A;   m.  o.  exp.  term; 

captured  at'Fort  Wagner,  8  mos.  at  Belle  Lsle;  vet. 
Hertzig,  John  U.,  30;  1861;  Co.  F;  m.  o.  Co.     Resides 

in  Toledo. 
Hertzig,  Fred.,  20;  1861;  Co.  F;  m.  o.  Co.     Wounded 

at  Fort  Wagner. 
Hertzig,  Rudolph,  18;  1861;  Co.  F;  m.  o.  Co. 
Kelley,  John,  16;  18111;  Co.  A.   Killed  at  Ft.  Wagner. 
Keith,  Robert  S.,  40;  18(11;  Co.  A.     Dis.  for  disab. 
Keith,  Munson,  18;  1S61;  Co.  A.    Wd.  Fort  Wagner; 

m.  o.  exp.  term.     Lives  in  Fulton  Co. 
McDonald,  John,  18;  1861;  Co.  A;  m.  o.exp.  term. 
Moore,  Joseph,  22;  1861;  Co.  A;  m.  o.  exp.  term. 
Weigle,  Adam,  43;  18(11;  Co.  A.     Served  1  j'ear;   dis. 

for  injury  by  breaking  down  of  transport  steamer 

and  for  sickness.     Lives  in  Swanton,  Fulton  Co. 

One  Hundredth  0.   V.  I. 

Hartzell,  Abraham,  18;  1862;  Died  Crab  Orchard,  Ky. 

Mills,  Robert,  23;  1S62;  Co.  F.  Cap.  at  Limestone 
Station,  Tenn.;  was  at  Belle  Isle  prison.  Died  at 
Anapolis,  Md.,  soon  after  exchange. 

Scott,  RufusC,  IS;  Aug.  S,  1862;  Co.  F.  Wd.  at  Utoy 
Creek,  Ga.;  m.  o.  with  Co.     Resides  in  Swanton  Tp. 

Wicks,  .Jonas,  18;  Aug.  7,  1S62;  m.  o.  with  Co.  Re- 
sides in  Fulton  Co. 

Wilcox,  Geo.  E.,  18;  1862;  Co.  F.  Mortally  wd.  at 
Utoy  Creek,  Aug.  6,  1864.     Died  Aug.  8, 1864. 

One  Hundred  and  Eleventh  0.  V.  I. 

Combs,  Joseph,  40;  1862;  m.  o.  Co.     In  Chicago  when 

last  heard  from. 
Redding,    Hewey    E.,   Corporal,  24,   1862.     Dis.   for 

disab.  and  soon  died  up  the  Maumee  River. 
Shepler,  John,  20;  1S62;  m.  o.  Co.   Lives  in  Wood  Co. 
Skinner,   Isaac,   25;  1862.     Died  at    Bowling  Green, 

Ky.,  1863. 

One  Hundred  and  Twenty-Eighth  0.  V.  I. 

Allen,  Fred  S.,  36;  1864;  m.  o.  Co.  Died  1868,  at  To- 
ledo, from  fall,  while  working  on  R.  R.   elevator. 

Ammond,  James  B.,  20.     Resides  near  Whitehouse. 

Bird,  Wm.,  19;  m.  o.  Co.     Resides  in  Swanton  Tp. 

Brown,  Oscar,  23;  Dec.  1863;  Co.  G.  Dis.  Aug.  1864, 
on  Surg.  ctf.     Resides  in  Swanton  Tp. 

Coder,  John,  .30;  1864;  m.  o.  Co.   Since  lived  in  Toledo. 

Deck,  Daniel,  IS;  Jan.  1864;  Cos.  A  and  B;  m.  o.  Co. 
Now  in  Swanton,  Fulton  Co. 

Hatch,  Orlando  M.,  19;  Dec.  1863;  Co.  K;  m.  o.  Co. 
Now  in  Swanton,  Fulton  Co. 

Keith,  Carey.  18.     Now  in  Fulton  County. 

Mills,  Wm.  S.,  23;  Dec.  1863;  Co.  G;  m.  o.  Co.  Died 
1876,  from  Army  disease. 

Myers,  Jacob,  32;  m.  o.  Co.     Now  at  AVhitehouse. 

Shepler,  Martin,  18;  m.  o.  Co.     Died  in  Indiana. 

Scott,  Chas.  v.,  36;  Aug.  18(54;  Co.  B;  m.  o.  Co.  Now 
near  Garden  City,  Kansas. 

Wales,  Ralph  W.,  21;  m.  o.  Co.     Now  in  Toledo. 

AVales,  Wm.  R.,  18;  m.  o.  Co. 

One  Hundred  and  Thirtieth  0.  V.  I. 
Wilcox,   Wm.  D.,  18;  May,  1864;  Co.  H;  m.  o.  Co. 
Now  in  Swanton  Tp. 


Eighty-Fifth  0.  V.  L— Three  Months. 

Bathric,  Carlos,  20;  1862.     Also  in  67th. 

Brockway.  Charles,  IS;  1862,  m.  o.  Co.     Also  in  67th. 

Clawson,  Orrin,   18;  July,  1862.     Died  at  Columbus, 

O.,  July,  lS(i2. 
Holbrook,  Alan.son,  18.     Also  in  3Stli  O.  V.  I. 

Third  Ohio  Cavalry. 

Hamlin,  Wood,  18;  1861;  m.o.Co.  Now  in  New  Mexico. 
jNIiller,  Emanuel,  18.    Died  in  service. 

One  Hundreds  and  Eighty-Second  0.  V'.  I. 

Russell,  Joseplms;  m.  o.  Co.     Now  in  Wood  Co. 

One  Hundred  and  Eight n-Fif III  O.  I'.  I. 

Grubb,  Abraham,  38;  Feb.  l.S(i5;  m.  o.  Co.     Since  lost 
leg.     Resides  in  Swanton  Tp. 

One  Hundred  and  Eighty-Ninth  0.   V.  I. 

Howlett.  Thos.  Captain;  .30;  m.  o.  Co.     Died  Jones- 
ville,  Mich.,  1885. 

Miscellaneoxis. 

Charles  Bazelle,  a  mere  lad,  went  to  Camp  Dick 
Robinson,  Ky.,  as  recruit  in  38th  O.  V  I.;  was  there 
rejected  as  too  young;  and  enlisted  in  First  Tennes- 
see Regiment. 

Robert  Harriott,  aged  22,  enlisted  in  a  New  York 
Regiment,  and  died  of  yellow  fever  at  Newbern,  N.C. 

Wm. Doren,  N.  Y.  Artillery;  m.  o.  Co.  Resides  in 
Providence  Tp. 

Joseph  Doren,  Third  Rhode  Island  H.  Art.;  m.  o. 
Co.     Died  in  Michigan. 

Fred.  Hemp,  37;  Michigan  Regiment. 

Chri.st.  Knerr,  Co.  G,  37tli  O.  V.  1.;  m.  o.  at  East 
Point,  Ga.  18(_i4,  exp.  term.     Since  lived  in  Maumee. 

Three  men  enlisted  at  Swanton,  whose  commands 
are  unknown,  viz.:  Jack  Shepler,  who  died  in  Ken- 
tucky ; Johnson,  and Myerhoover. 


WOMAN'S     RELIEF    CORPS,    AUXILIARY    TO 
THE  GRAND  ARMY  OF  THE  REPUBLIC. 

Forstyh  Corps  No.  1,  De- 
artment  of  Ohio,  Woman's 
['elief  Corps,  Auxiliary  to  tho 
Grand  Army  of  the  Eepuljiic, 
was  organized  as  an  auxiliary 
to  Forsyth  Post,  No.  15,  G.  A. 
E.,  March  14,  1879,  under  the 
name  of  "Forsyth  Post  La- 
dies' Society."  Its  first  offi- 
cers were :  Mrs.  Kate  B.  Sher- 
wood, President;  and  Mrs. 
Cora  Day  Young,  Secretary. 
Prior  to  a  formal  organiza- 
tion, the  patriotic  ladies  of  Toledo  had  been 
called  upon  from  time  to  time  to  aid  tho 
Union  Veterans  in  the  conduct  of  public  enter- 
tainments for  the  benefit  of  their  relief  fund 
for  the  care  of  disabled  Soldiers,  their  widows 
and  orphans ;  in  the  arrangement  of  flowers 
for  Memorial  Day ;  and  in  many  Soldier  re- 
union and    anniversary  exercises.     The   great 


252 


HJ.STOHY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


success  achieved  by  these  ladies  in  a  Military 
Lawn  Fcto,  givon  in  the  siiinincr  of  1878,  led 
to  the  adojition  of  formal  resolutions  by  For- 
syth Post,  calling  iij)on  the  ladies  to  meet  and 
eft'cct  a  jjcrmanent  organization,  ready  for  duty 
when  a  call  should  be  made. 

At  a  meeting  held  in  G.  A.  li.  Hall,  some 
eight  or  ten  ladies  were  present,  together  with 
a  committee  of  Forsyth  Post,  appointed  to 
confer  with  them  and  assist  in  the  organiza- 
tion, Dr.  J.  T.  Woods  being  Cliairman  of  the 
Committee.  At  this  meeting  Mrs.  Sherwood 
presented  a  draft  of  a  Constitution  and  By- 
Ijaws,  whicli  was  adopted.  An  effort  was  then 
made  to  enroll  as  many  members  of  the 
Ladies'  Aid  Society  as  possible,  and  the  result 
was  the  early  co-operation  of  Mrs.  David 
Smith,  Mrs.  John  K.  Osborn,  Mrs.  J.  N.Stevens, 
Mrs.  Charlotte  T.  Forsyth  (mother  of  Lieuten- 
ant Forsyth,  100th  O.  V.  I.,  for  whom  tlie  Post 
was  named),  and  others  alike  interested.  From 
its  inception  Forsyth  Auxiliary  was  a  power 
in  the  local  charities  of  Toledo,  and  through 
untiring  zeal  of  its  noble  workers,  substantial 
cheer  has  been  carried  into  the  homes  and 
hearts  of  hundreds  of  Union  veterans  and  their 
needy  ones. 

In  the  eight  years  of  its  organization,  For- 
syth Corps  has  raised  and  expended  $10,000, 
over  and  above  the  much  larger  sums  of  money 
it  has  turned  into  the  coffers  of  For.syth  Post, 
to  be  expended  in  fraternal  charities.  It  has 
visited  the  sick;  cheered  the  afflicted  and 
dying;  comforted  the  sorrowing  ;  clothed  the 
naked;  provided  homes  for  orphaned  children  ; 
given  the  dead  a  christian  burial ;  and  in  many 
of  the  greater  projects  in  which  Toledo  and  its 
citizen  Soldiers  have  been  engaged,  has  borne 
no  unworthy  part.  The  erection  of  Memorial 
Hall,  by  the  Toledo  Soldiers'  Memorial  Asso- 
ciation, is  largely  due  to  the  efforts  of  these 
ladies;  and  of  the  15  Trustees  constituting  the 
Board,  five  have  been  ladies  from  Forssyth 
Corps. 

The  fame  of  this  organization  soon  extended, 
and  Posts  desiring  the  formation  of  Auxil- 
iaries, placed  themselves  in  communication 
with  the  President,  who  forwarded  instruc- 
tions with  copies  of  the  Constitution.  The 
visit  in  1883,  of  Commander-in-Chief  Paul 
Van  Dervoort  greatly  extended  the  reputation 
of  this  Auxiliary,  as  in  General  Orders  he  com- 
mended it  to  the   Posts  of  the   Union.     The 


National  Tribune,  Washington,  D.  C,  solicited 
articles  from  the  President,  which  were  for- 
warded. Thus  was  initiated  the  great  Na- 
tional movement  culminating  in  the  formati(jn 
at  Denver,  .Tuly,  188.S,  of  the  Woman's  Eelief 
Corjis,  Auxiliary  to  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Ee])ublic.  The  association,  beginning  with  45 
charter  members,  numbered  6,000  at  the  end 
of  the  first  year;  30,000  at  the  end  of  the  third 
year;  and  to-day  has  not  less  than  60,000, 
with  Departments  in  24  States,  and  subordi- 
nate Corps  wherever  there  is  a  Post  of  the 
Grand  Army. 

In  August,  1883,  Forsyth  Corps  took  out  a 
charter  as  No.  1,  Department  of  Ohio  ;  and  the 
President  (Mrs.  Sherwood),  who  had  been 
elected  National  Senior  Vice  President  at  Den- 
ver, was  made  Chief  Instituting  and  Installing 
Officer  for  Ohio  and  the  West.  In  1884,  at 
Minneapolis,  Mrs.  Sherwood  was  elected  Na- 
tional President,  and  thereupon  appointed 
Miss  Emma  D.  Sibley,  National  vSecretary.  It 
was  a  great  j'ear,  and  togetiier  the}-  organized 
Departments  in  11  States,  and  put  the  entire 
work  on  a  solid  business  footing. 

Forsyth  Corps  stands  number  one  in  charity 
work  in  the  State  and  Nation,  and  to  Ohio  (the 
banner  State)  has  given  some  of  the  best 
workers.  Mrs.  Cora  Day  Young,  Chairman  of 
the  Executive  Council,  has  filled  the  offices  of 
Department  Senior  Vice  President  and  Depart- 
ment Counselor.  Mrs.  Annie  E.  Howe  (wife 
of  Judge  Henry  B.  Howe,  one  of  the  14  origi- 
nal charter  members  G.  A.  E.),  Mrs.  Mary  J. 
Kelsey,  Mrs.  Lois  S.  F.  Holbrooke,  and  others 
have  been  invaluable  in  counsels  and  execution. 

The  executive  officers  of  Forsj-th  Corps  for 
1887  are :  Mrs.  Emma  Sibley  Pease,  Presi- 
dent; Mrs.  Frances  D.  Woolson,  S.  V.  President; 
Mrs.  Nellie  Eogers,  J.  V.  President ;  Mrs.  Lois 
F.  S.  Holbrook,  Secretary',  and  Mrs.  Mary  J. 
Ivclsey,  Treasurer. 


RUCKLE   RELIEF  CORPS, 

AUXILIARY   TO   HUCKLE   POST,    NO.    335, 

Was  organized  in  1884.  Mrs.  Eebecca  Steedman 
MeCann  was  the  first  President ;  Mrs.  Margaret 
Welch  the  next ;  and  Mrs.  Anna  B.  Van  Fleet 
the  present  incumbent.  The  Post  has  been 
largely  indebted  for  its  success,  to  the  efficient 
co-operation  of  this  Corps,  which  now  has  about 
40  members. 


WOMAN'S  RELIEF  CORPS.  253 


RELIEF  CORPS  PAGE  POST.  officers  for  1887:  President,  Mrs.  Julia  Lathrop; 
ThisCorpswasorganizedNovember  12, 1884,  Secretary,  Mrs.  Minerva  Bragdon  ;  Treasurer, 
with  Mrs.  Julia  Latlirop  as  President;  Mrs.  Mrs.  Louisa  Decker;  S.  V.,  Mrs.  Catharine 
Mahala  Thorp  as  Secretary ;  and  Mrs.  Louisa  Bragdon;  J.  V.,  Mrs.  Helen  Roberts;  Con- 
Decker,  as  Treasurer.  The  organization  num-  duetor.  Miss  Mary  Allen  ;  Guard,  Miss  Emeline 
bers    24    members.     The    following    are    the  Cherry. 


CHAPTER   X. 


PEESONS    AND    INCIDENTS. 


IT  is  deemed  proper  in  this  connection  to 
give  a  few  personal  sketches  of  Union  Sol- 
diers, and  incidents  of  the  War  of  more  or  less 
prominent  interest,  the  onl}-  regret  being  that 
lack  of  space  forbids  such  extension  of  the 
chapter  as  would  admit  a  niueh  larger  number 
of  such. 

James  Blair  Steedman  was  born  in  Chiilis- 
quaque  Township,  Northumberland  County, 
Pennsylvania,  July  29,  1817,  and  died  at  To- 
ledo, October  8,  1883.  He  was  of  Scotch  paren- 
tage, his  parents  dying  while  he  was  yet  a  boy, 
leaving  him  the  eldest  of  three  children.  At 
the  age  of  15  he  became  an  apprentice  in  the 
office  of  the  Lewisburg  (Penn.)  Democrat.  Two 
j-cars  later  he  went  to  Louisville,  Kentiickj-, 
where  he  worked  at  printing  for  a  time,  but 
soon  joined  General  Sam.  Houston's  expedition 
for  the  independence  of  Texas.  Returning  to 
Pennsylvania,  he  was  employed  on  the  Public 
Works  there.  In  1838  he  came  to  Northwes- 
tern Ohio,  first  stopping  at  Napoleon,  where  lie 
.soon  became  publisher  of  the  Northwestern 
Democrat,  and  was  married  with  Miss  Miranda 
Stiles,  then  recently  from  New  Jersey.  Not 
long  thereafter  he  was  a  contractor  on  the  Wa- 
bash and  Erie  Canal.  In  1847-8  he  served  two 
terms  in  the  Ohio  House  of  Eepresentatives. 
In  1849,  with  a  party  from  this  State,  he  made 
the  overland  trip  to  California  in  search  for 
gold,  but  returned  the  year  following,  and  in 
1852  was  elected  as  member  of  the  Board  of 
Public  Works,  and  in  1855  was  re  elected  to 
that  position,  serving  most  of  the  time  as  Pres- 
ident of  tiie  Board.  In  December,  1857,  lie 
was  chosen  as  Congressional  Printer.  He  was 
elected  Major-General  of  the  Fiftii  Division, 
Ohio  Militia,  in  1857,  holding  that  office  until 
the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion.  Between 
1857  and  1861,  he  was  forsome  time  the  Editor  of 
liie  Toledo  Times,  meantime  being  admitted  to 
the  Bar  as  an  Attorney-at-Law.  As  a  member 
of  the  Democratic  National  Convention,  at 
Charleston,  S.  C,  in  1860,  he  acted  with  the 
friends  of  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  with  whom  he 


continued  to  co-operate,  taking  part  in  the  in- 
de](endent  nomination  of  that  gentleman  for 
President  at  a  subsequent  Convention,  held  at 
Baltimore.  The  same  year  he  was  the  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  Congress  in  the  Toledo 
District,  running  against  James  M.  Ashley 
(Republican),  who  was  elected.  Upon  the 
opening  of  War  at  Fort  Sumter,  General  Steed- 
man  identified  himself  with  the  supjjort  of  the 
Government,  and  co-operated  in  raising  and 
organizing  the  Fourteenth  Ohio  Regiment,  of 
which  he  was  chosen  Colonel.  Only  the  brief- 
est mention  can  here  bo  made  of  his  record  in 
the  Union  Army.  The  Fourteenth  Regiment 
at  once  took  a  leading  place  among  the  troops 
in  West  Virginia  during  its  service  of  three 
months,  of  which  mention  is  elsewhere  made, 
as  also  of  the  same  command  re-enlisted  and 
veteranized.  Colonel  Steedman  remained  with 
the  Fourteenth  Regiment  until  promoted  and 
made  Brigadier-General,  July  16,  1862.  He 
led  his  Brigade  at  Perryville,  Kentucky,  in  the 
battle  at  that  point,  October  9,  1862,  receiving 
special  recognition  from  General  Buell.  At 
Stone  River  he  took  an  active  part,  and  in  the 
Tullahonia  campaign  commanded  a  Division, 
where  he  was  complimented  by  Gen.  Thomas. 
In  July,  1863,  he  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  First  Division  of  the  Reserve  Corps,  un- 
der Major-General  Gordon  Granger,  which 
moved  to  Chattanooga  soon  thereafter,  where 
it  was  ]iut  in  charge  of  Red  House  Bridge, 
whence,  on  the  second  daj'  of  the  battle  of 
Chickamauga  (September  20th),  under  com- 
mand of  General  Granger,  the  Division  made 
its  timely  and  successful  march  to  the  support 
of  General  Thomas.  In  that  movement, 
so  creditable  to  the  sagacious  judgment  and 
prompt  action  of  General  Granger,  General 
Steedman  bore  a  conspicuous  and  effective  part. 
Throughout  the  desperate  contest  in  which  his 
Division  was  engaged,  his  activity  and  courage 
contributed  largely  to  the  effectiveness  of  his 
command's  heroic  service,  for  which  distin- 
guished   action,     he    was    promoted    to    the 


[254] 


PERSONS  AND   INCIDENTS. 


255 


rank  of  Major-General.  He  took  a  prominent 
part  in  the  Atlanta  campaign,  and  was  assigned 
as  commander  of  tlie  District  of  Etowah,  when 
General  Sherman  entered  upon  his  "  March  to 
the  Sea."  At  the  battle  of  Nashville,  General 
Steedman  bore  a  prominent  part.  After  the 
close  of  the  war,  he  was  assigned  as  Jlilitar}^ 
Commander  of  the  State  of  Georgia,  and  re- 
signed Jul_v  19,  1866.  Personal  and  military 
relations  with  President  Johnson,  arising 
hirgelj'  in  associations  occurring  in  Kentucky 
and  Tennessee  during  the  War,  placed  General 
Steedman  on  specially  favorable  terms  witli  the 
then  existing  Administration,  and  but  for  the 
inability  of  the  President  to  vacate  the  office 
(then  held  by  Edwin  M.  Stanton),  General 
Steedman  would  probably  have  become  Secre- 
tary of  War.  He  was  appointed  Collector  of 
Internal  Eevenue  for  the  New  Orleans  District, 
resigning  the  office  in  January,  1869.  Return- 
ing to  Toledo,  he  soon  resumed  his  connection 
with  the  Press,  acting  as  Editor  of  the  North- 
ern Ohio  Democrat,  which  relation  he  held  for 
most  of  the  time  until  his  death.  In  1874,  he 
was  elected  as  a  member  of  the  State  Constitu- 
tional Convention,  vice  M.  R.  Waite,  then  ap- 
pointed Chief  Justice  of  the  United  States  ;  was 
Senator  from  the  Toledo  District  in  1877  ;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Democratic  National  Conven- 
tion in  1880;  and  a  candidate  for  State  Senator 
in  1881,  though  not  then  elected.  His  last 
public  position  was  that  of  Chief  of  Toledo  Po- 
lice. He  was  prominently  connected  witii  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  of  which  he  was 
at  one  time  the  Commander  for  Ohio.  Few 
citizens  of  the  State  have  been  more  prominent 
in  public  life,  than  was  General  Steedman  for 
the  most  of  a  period  of  40  years.  His  military 
career  constitutes  the  feature  of  his  record 
which  most  strongly  commands  the  considera- 
tion of  his  fellow-citizens.  He  possessed  ex- 
ceptional qualities  as  a  leader  in  whatever 
he  took  part.  He  was  three  times  married, 
and  left  a  widow  and  children  and  grand-chil- 
dren. His  funeral  was  attended  by  the  most 
general  demonstration  known  in  Toledo  on  a 
like  occasion,  in  wliich  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republicand  the  City  authorities  bore  conspicu- 
ous ijarts.  The  Woodlawn  Cemetery  Company 
having  set  apart  grounds  for  that  j^urpose,  he 
was  buried  there.  Mr.  William  J.  Finlay,  of 
Toledo,  for  many  years  an  intimate  friend  of 
General  Steedman,  having  proposed  to  erect  a 


monument  to  the  memory  of  the  latter  at  St. 
Clair  Place  (junction  of  Summit  and  St.  Clair 
Streets),  the  Toledo  City  Council  sot  apart  that 
ground  for  such  purpose,  and  changed  its  name 
to  Finlay  Place.  The  monument  proper  is  in 
four  parts,  as  follows:  1.  Base.  2.  Die.  3. 
Shaft.  4.  Statue.  The  base  is  of  Vermont 
marble,  9  feet  square  and  sets  directly  in  the 
center  of  the  terrace.  The  die,  on  its  four  sides 
bears  these  inscriptions;  1.  Fronting  Ciiorry 
Street — "  James  B.  Steedman,  Major-General, 
U.  S.  V."  2.  On  Summit  Street  side,  "  Born, 
1817— Died,  1883."  3.  On  St.  Clair  Street  side, 
"Erected  by  W.  J.  Finlay."  Near  the  top  of 
the  shaft,and  between  two  mouldings,  are  these 
inscriptions;  1.  Fronting  Cherry-  Street, 
"  Chickamaiiga."  2.  Fronting  Summit  Street, 
"  Carrick's  Ford."  3.  FrontingSt.  Clair  Street, 
"Perryville."  4.  In  rear,".  Nashville."  As  indi- 
cated, the  latter  inscriptions  refer  to  four  battles 
during  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  in  which 
General  Steedman  took  part.  Surmounting 
tills  shaft,  is  a  cap,  on  which  stands  the  bronze 
statue.  It  is  somewhat  larger  than  life-size, 
and  repi-esents  the  General  as  just  dismounted, 
with  field-glass  in  hand.  The  total  height  of 
the  monument  is  26  feet.  The  pedestal  was 
placed  in  August,  1886,  and  the  statue  in 
March,  1887.  The  ti'iangle,  both  inside  and 
outside  the  terrace,  is  covered  with  6-inch 
sawed  Berea  flagging.  Surrounding  the  tri- 
angle is  an  iron  railing,  formed  hj  two  bars 
supported  by  limestone  posts.  The  jjublic 
ceremonies  of  unveiling  the  monument  took 
place  May  26,  1887. 

First  Lieutenant  Henr^-  T.  Bissell,  Adjutant 
of  One  Hundred  and  Eleventh  Ohio  Infantry, 
died  in  hospital  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  Sept.  10, 
1863,  aged  28  years.  He  was  the  youngest  son 
of  Edward  Bissell,  Senior,  of  Toledo,  and 
was  a  young  man  of  much  more  than  ordinary 
promise.  He  had  read  law  in  tiie  office  of 
M.  R.  &  R.  Waite,  and  been  admitted  to  the 
Bar,  when  the  Government  called  for  troops  for 
its  defense.  At  the  time  of  his  death,  he  was 
serving  on  Gen.  Judah's  Staff.  His  disease 
was  typhoid  fever. 

Lewis  Cass  Hunt,  youngest  son  of  Gen.  J.  E. 
Hunt,  died  in  Toledo,  April  30,  1868,  aged  36. 
Born  and  reared  in  Maumee  City,  he  came 
to  Toledo  with  his  father's  familj'  in  1853. 
In  1862  he  entered  the  Union  Arm}-,  as 
Captain  in  the  Sixty-Seventh  Ohio  Infantry, 


256 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ami  was  promoted  to  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and 
brevetted  as  Hrigiulior  General.  He  shared  in 
the  fatal  and  terrible  assault  on  Fort  Wagner, 
near  Charleston,  and  in  the  operations  on  and 
near  the  James  Iliver,  Virginia.  His  last 
signal  service  was  leading  the  Sixty-Seventh 
in  the  assault  on  Fort  Gregg,  a  short  time 
before  the  surrender  of  Lee  at  Appomattox,  at 
which  his  command  was  present. 

Colonel  Nahum  W.  Daniels  died  of  yellow 
fever  at  New  Orleans,  October  1,  1867.  After 
practicing  law  for  some  time  at  Toledo  be  went 
South  in  1859,  but  returned  during  the  first 
year  of  the  War,  and  soon  after  entered  the 
service  of  the  Government,  and  raised  the 
Second  Louisiana  (Colored)  Regiment,  which 
he  commanded  at  Fort  Hudson,  in  July,  1863, 
more  than  half  of  whom  were  then  killed. 
After  the  War  he  was  in  the  employ  of  the 
Government  at  Washington  until  he  went  to 
New  Orleans  in  the  Spring  of  1867. 

General  Henry  J.  Hunt,  of  the  United  States 
Army,  and  one  of  the  most  able  Artillery  offi- 
cers in  the  service  during  the  Rebellion,  was  a 
son  of  Capt.  S.  W.  Hunt,  United  States  Army, 
who  died  at  JeiFerson  Barracks,  Missouri,  when 
the  sou  was  but  a  lad.  The  latter's  uncle,  the 
late  General  John  B.  Hunt,  then  residing  at 
Maumee  City,  took  him  into  his  family,  where 
the  boy  made  his  home  until  appointed  to  a 
Cadetship  at  West  Point,  where  he  was  grad- 
uated with  honor,  and  was  with  General  Scott 
in  the  Mexican  War.     He  died  in  1886. 

Mrs.  Jane  M.,  wife  of  Jonathan  Wood  of 
Toledo,  died  at  the  residence  of  E.  C.  Clarke, 
Lexington,  Ky.,  March  7,  1862,  in  the  62d 
year  of  her  age.  Deceased  was  a  native  of 
New  Hampshire,  and  was  married  in  1827. 
She  was  the  mother  of  five  children — two  sons 
and  three  daughters;  and  was  a  member  of 
the  First  Presbyterian  Church,  Toledo.  At 
the  call  of  their  country,  her  husband  and  both 
sons — Wm.  H.  and  Alonzo  H. — volunteered  in 
the  Fourteenth  Ohio  Eegiment.  They  were  in 
three  important  battles  in  Virginia.  After 
great  fatigue  and  exposure,  the  three  were 
sent  to  hospital  at  Lexington,  whence  they  were 
taken  by  Abram  Van  Meter  to  his  residence. 
Mrs.  "Wood  went  immediately  to  the  relief  of 
the  sufferers,  and  remained  there  until  they 
had  recovered.  She  was  then  persuaded  to 
remain  a  few  weeks  with  a  friend,  at  whose 
house    she  was  taken   ill  and  died  suddenly. 


She  was  fully  resigned  at  the  prospect  of  death, 
and  spoke  with  her  physician,  Dr.  L.  Beecher 
Todd,  of  the  goodness  of  God,  to  whose  care 
she  commended  her  husljand  and  children. 
Mr.  Wood  returned  to  Toledo,  where  he  died 
about  15  years  after  the  death  of  his  wife. 

Capt.  Fred.  II.  Brown,  Company  E,  United 
States  Infantry,  was  one  of  the  Soldiers  am- 
bushed, overpowered  and  ma.ssacred  by  hostile 
Indians  near  Fort  Phil.  Kearney,  December 
22,  1866.  He  was  the  son  of  Matthew  Brown, 
Esq.,  and  came  to  Toledo  at  the  age  of  16,  and 
entered  a  Commission  House,  where  he  re- 
mained for  12  years,  and  where  he  attained 
special  eminence  for  ability  and  integrity.  At 
the  outbreak  of  the  Eebellion,  his  sympathies 
were  early  enlisted  in  the  War.  He  visited 
Columbus  with  the  view  of  obtaining  authority 
to  raise  a  Company ;  but  seeing  the  crowds 
there  for  a  like  purpose,  he  determined  to  enter 
the  service  as  a  Private,  and  at  once  volun- 
teered in  the  Eighteenth  Regular  Infantry, 
being  the  fifth  enlisted  man.  He  was  soon 
detailed  as  Quartermaster's  Sergeant.  Soon 
thereafter  he  was  commissioned  as  2d  Lieu- 
tenant, and  was  employed  for  some  time  as 
Commissary  and  Quartermaster  at  Camp 
Thomas.  In  1863,  he  joined  his  Eegiment 
under  Col.  H.  B.  Carrington,  at  Chattanooga, 
and  remained  with  it  till  the  close  of  the  War. 
In  November,  1865,  he  was  ordered  West,  and 
wintered  at  Fort  Kearney,  Nebraska.  In  June, 
1866,  the  First  Battalion  of  his  Eegiment  was 
sent  to  garrison  the  new  Post,  Fort  Phil. 
Kearney,  Dakota.  In  1866,  he  was  promoted 
to  the  Captaincy.  On  the  21st  December,  1866, 
a  detachment  of  less  than  100  men,  of  whom  he 
was  one,  were  attacked  near  the  Fort  by  a 
band  of  about  3,000  Indians,  and  not  one  of 
the  troops  escaped.  Only  the  bloody  field  and 
the  mutilated  bodies  of  the  slain  men  remained 
to  tell  the  tale  of  carnage.  During  the  five 
and  one-half  years  of  service  he  never  was  otf 
duty  on  furlough,  his  onlj^  visit  home  being 
made  under  orders.  He  was  a  young  man 
of  simple  tastes,  much  refinement  in  feel- 
ing, sincere  in  his  action  and  liberal  toward 
the  needy  and  all  enterprises  which  met  his 
approval. 

In  a  letter  dated  June  29,  1862,  Lieutenant 
O.  M.  Brown,  Company  C,  Third  Ohio  Cav- 
alry, stated  an  incident,  as  showing  how  dan- 
gerous it  was  for  a  peoj)le,  by  opposition,  to 


PERSONS  AND  INCIDENTS. 


257 


make  enemies  of  a    portion   of  their   fellows. 
He  said  : 

Two  Cottipaiiies  of  our  Roginient  (ours  included), 
were  stationed  IS  miles  from  any  other  Union  force, 
and  the  leading  Secesli  in  the  neighborhood  laid  a 
scheme  for  making  prisoners  of  us.  One  evening, 
while  they  were  talking  the  plan  over  at  a  tea-table, 
the  colored  waiting-maid  (in  whom  they  put  entire 
conlidence),  listened  attentively  to  every  word  as 
she  poured  the  tea  ;  and  no  sooner  was  the  meal  over, 
than  she  repaired  to  a  cabin  near  by,  and  told  the 
story  to  a  colored  friend,  who,  as  soon  as  all  was  still, 
notwithstanding  having  done  a  full  day's  work,  trav- 
eled six  miles,  informed  us  of  the  plot,  and  walked 
back  in  time  for  his  next  day's  work.  I  have  not  a 
doubt  that  but  for  his  timely  service,  we  would  have 
been  captured. 

In  the  same  letter  (written  to  his  wife), 
Lieutenant  Brown,  in  the  freedom  and  sincerity 
of  such  communication,  wrote  of  himself  and 
the  service  he  was  rendering  his  country.  As 
a  fair  expression  of  the  sentiment  which  con- 
trolled and  supported  the  great  body  of  the 
Soldiers  of  the  Union  in  that  dread  conflict,  it 
is  worthy  a  place  here.     He  said  : 

You  write  that  you  are  at  the  table  in  our  front- 
room,  and  you  seem  to  entertain  the  desire  to  have 
me  at  home  to  enjoy  it  with  you.  I  hope,  my  dear 
wife,  that  you  do  not  think  me  insensible  to  the 
charms  of  home.  God  forbid  1  On  the  contrary, 
when  I  think  of  the  beautiful  home,  tliat,  under  God, 
we  just  had  finished,  but  which  I  never  enjoyed  ; 
and,  more  than  all,  when  I  think  of  my  own  loved 
and  loving  wife  and  three  little  ones,  whom  I  have 
left  behind,  there  is  a  longing  to  return  to  that  home 
that  is  almo.st  impossible  to  overcome.  Yet,  uiy  dear, 
you  know  that  my  motto  has  always  been,  "  Duty  be- 
fore pleasure  ;  "  and  it  was  only  at  the  stern  demand 
of  cluty,  that  I  forsook  all  the  dear  pleasures  of  home, 
for  the  trials  and  privations  of  camp  life. 

It  is  proper,  in  tliis  connection,  to  state,  that 
this  extract  was  published  at  the  time  and  is 
reproduced  liere,  without  the  knowledge  of  its 
writer,  or  of  that  of  Mrs.  Brown  ;  and  is  given 
only  as  a  sample  of  the  many  thousands  of  like 
letters  remaining  unpublished.  Such  help  to 
elevate  and  ennoble  the  real  character  of  the 
true  Citizen-Soldier,  bj'  whom,  under  a  preserv- 
ing Providence,  the  life  of  the  Nation  was 
saved  from  treason's  assaults. 

Captain  James  Wilson  McCabe,  of  Maumee 
City,  had  passed  liability  to  militar}-  service  by 
15  years,  when  the  Eebels  fired  on  Fort 
Sumter,  he  then  being  GO  years  of  age ;  but 
that  fact  rather  intensified  than  allayed  his 
patriotic  ardor.  He  joined  his  neighbors  and 
went  to  the  field  as  Captain  of  Company  I, 
Fourteenth  Ohio,  serving  for  nearly  a  year  in 
Kentucky  and  Tennessee.  He  was  at  Fort 
Donelson,in  the  fight  with  ZoUicoffer  (standing 


near  General  ZollicofTer  when  he  fell),  at  i^itts- 
burg  Landing,  and  on  to  Corinth  and  Momjihis. 
The  trials  of  the  march  had  been  too  niucii  for 
his  advanced  years,  and  he  was  forced  to  re- 
sign. He  brought  with  him  a  letter  from  the 
officers  of  the  Eegiment,  expressing  their  high 
regard  for  his  personal  and  soldierly  (jualities. 
March  24,  1875,  Captain  McCabe  and  wife  kept 
their  golden  wedding  at  the  residence  of  Helon 
C.  Norton,  a  son-in-law.  at  Maumee.  They 
were  from  Cumberland  County,  Pennsylvania, 
Ca23tain  McCabe  having  represented  that 
County  in  the  Legislature  in  1838-9,  and  been 
a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Conven- 
tion of  1832.  They  came  to  Ohio  in  1840,  with 
teams,  occupying  four  days  in  the  passage 
through  the  Black  Swamp  (from  Lower  San- 
duskj'  to  Perrysburg),  and  settling  on  Swan 
Creek,  three  miles  South  of  the  present  Village 
of  Monclova.  Among  the  battles  of  his  pioneer 
life,  not  least  was  that  made  in  defense  of  his 
Temperance  and  Sabbath-keeping  practices. 
He  died  some  years  since,  bearing  the  sincere 
respect  of  a  very  large  circle  of  acquain- 
tances. 

Captain  Wilbur  F.  Arnold,  Forty -First 
United  States  Infantr}-,  died  at  Fort  Ringgold, 
Texas,  December  12,  1867,  aged  25.  He  was 
the  only  sou  of  Samuel  G.  Arnold,  editor  of 
the  Toledo  Blade  from  185G  to  1858,  who  now 
resides  at  Washington,  D.  C.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Toledo  High  School,  where,  as  with 
his  acquaintances  generally,  he  held  a  high 
position  and  gave  promise  of  rare  usefulness. 
He  entered  the  Army  early  in  the  War  of  the 
Eebellion,  enlisting  in  the  Eighteenth  United 
States  Infantry.  He  was  promoted  from  the 
ranks ;  was  twice  brevetted  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services,  and  on  being  made 
Captain,  was  transferred  to  the  Forty-First 
Infantry. 

Of  Wilson  C.  Lathrop,  Companj-  B,  Four- 
teenth Ohio,  who,  with  many  others,  fell  in 
the  charge  on  the  Rebel  rifle  pits  near  Atlanta, 
August  5,  18G4,  and  died  on  the  7th,  Colonel 
Este  wrote  as  follows  : 

Never  was  there  a  more  gallant  Soldier,  a  purer 
or  more  high-minded  young  man.  He  was  what  I 
should  term  a  "  model  Soldier  " — ever  ready  and  will- 
ing to  discharge  his  whole  duty.  He  was  the  excep- 
tion to  many,  never  allowing  himself  to  fall  into  tho.se 
vices  so  prevalent  in  armies. 

Deceased  was  a  nephew  and  adopted  son  of 

Mr.  Pliny  Lathrop,  of  Richfield  Township. 


258 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


In  May,  ISfiS,  Captain  PcWitt  C.  Dewey, 
Sixty-Sovontli  Ohio,  presented  to  the  Chicago 
Sanitary  Fair,  a  caue  having  very  interesting 
associations.  The  wood  was  of  Palmetto,  taken 
from  a  login  Fort  Moultrie,  Charleston  Harbor, 
in  the  days  of  the  Eevolution  ;  the  top  was  of 
Cedar,  from  a  bedstead  of  John  C.  Calhoun ; 
the  brass  ferrule  was  part  of  the  screw  in  the 
cap  of  a  Rebel  shell  fired  at  the  "  Old  Sixty- 
Seventh,"  while  on  Morris  Island  in  front  of 
Charleston  ;  and  the  tip  of  steel,  part  of  a  bolt 
fired  from  the  celebrated  Whitworth  gun 
which  the  Union  forces  captured  when  they 
took  possession  of  Morris  Island.  Thus  had  the 
body  of  the  Cane  passed  through  85  years  of 
history — from  the  struggle  of  the  Colonies  for 
fi-eedom  from  foreign  domination,  through  the 
various  changes  of  the  country,  to  and  through 
the  greater  struggle  for  deliverance  from  the 
curse  and  stain  of  human  Slavei-y. 

Private  Charles  Euranius,  Sixty-Seventh 
Ohio  Infantry,  on  the  night  of  November  2, 
1863,  on  a  reconnoissance  to  Fort  Sumter,  then 
in  Eebel  hands,  secured  a  brick  from  that 
structure,  which  he  took  away,  being  the  tirst 
memento  of  that  notable  spot  recovered  by  loyal 
hands.  It  was  sent  to  Governor  Tod,  who 
made  appropriate  acknowledgment  thereof 
and  placed  it  among  the  relics  and  archives  at 
the  Ohio  Capitol.  Private  Euranius's  name 
was  at  once  placed  on  the  list  for  promotion. 
He  enlisted  in  the  Sixty-Seventh  at  Toledo, 
where  he  had  a  family,  and  was  regarded  with 
respect  as  a  citizen. 

The  first  artificial  limb  provided  for  a  Lucas 
County  Soldier  was  believed  to  have  been  a  leg, 
in  1862,  for  Wm.  G.  Pierce,  of  the  Fourteenth 
Eegiment,  now  (1887)  Chief  Distributing  Clerk 
in  the  Toledo  Post  Office. 

In  November,  1863,  Lieutenant  Orange  H. 
Howland,  Company  E,  Third  Ohio  Cavalry, 
sent  home  a  fine  silk  Eebel  flag  which  he 
captured  near  Cleveland,  Tennessee.  It  had 
belonged  to  the  "  Warren  Guards"  (State  not 
given),  and  bore  the  legend,  "  Victory  or 
Death." 

Among  the  curious  incidents  of  the  battle- 
field, is  the  case  of  Levine  Merrill  and  Martin 
Gleuon,  of  Company  A,  Fourteenth  O.V.I. 
While  in  action  at  Eesaca,  Georgia,  May,  1864, 
a  ball  from  the  enemy  struck  Merrill,  killing 
him,  and  passed  on,  lodging  in  Glenon's  shoul- 
der, where  it  j^et  remains. 


YOUNG  HEROES. 
In  no  way  was  the  real  spirit  of  loyalty  and 
pati'iotism  more  clearly  manifested  during  the 
War  for  the  Union,  than  bj'  the  large  number 
of  youth,  who,  often  with  great  difficulty,  and 
asainst  their  immature  years  and  evident 
want  of  due  physical  qualifications,  pressed 
their  way  into  the  ranks  of  the  Union  Army. 
It  has  been  deemed  due  to  such  young  heroes, 
that  recognition  be  here  made  of  a  few  repre- 
sentatives of  this  class.  For  if  honors  be 
given  those  who  direct  perilous  deeds  to  be 
done,  certainly  those  who  do  such  deeds  should 
not  pass  without,  at  the  least,  equal  honors. 

Probably  the  most  conspicuous  of  this  class 
of  heroes,  is  John  S.  Kountz,  of  Toledo.  He 
was  born  in  Lucas  Countj-,  Ohio,  March  25, 
1846,  and  in  his  15th  year  enlisted  as  a  Drum- 
mer boy  in  the  Thirty-Seventh  Ohio  Volunteer 
Infantry,  and  served  with  his  Eegiment  in  all 
its  marches  and  campaigns  until  the  fall  of 
1863.  At  the  memorable  battle  of  Mission 
Eidge,  November  25,  1863,  when  the  Drum 
Corps  was  ordered  to  the  rear,  2:ireparator3'  to 
the  charge,  the  little  Drummer  boy  threw  away 
his  drum  and  falling  in  with  his  Company  was 
wounded  in  the  first  assault,  being  shot  in  the 
left  leg,  under  the  enemy's  guns,  and  was  left 
on  the  field  until  rescued  by  a  comrade  of 
Company  G,  to  which  he  specially  belonged. 
The  amputation  of  his  left  leg  followed.  Upon 
his  return  home,  Comi'ade  Kountz  attended 
School  for  a  year  and  then  accepted  a  position 
in  the  County  Treasurer's  office.  When  but  25 
years  of  age  he  was  elected  to  the  responsible 
position  of  Treasurer  of  Lucas  County,  and  at 
the  expiration  of  his  term  was  chosen  County 
Eecorder.  He  is  now  engaged  in  the  Fire 
Insurance  business,  having  one  of  the  leading 
agencies  in  Toledo. 

Commander  Kountz  has  been  an  active 
worker  in  the  G.  A.  E.  since  the  organization 
in  1866,  and  was  the  first  Adjutant  of  Forsyth 
Post,  serving  three  terms  ;  afterwards  Vice- 
Commander,  then  (Quartermaster  General  of 
the  Department.  Was  three  times  unani- 
mously elected  Post  Commander.  In  1881 
Comrade  Kountz  was  chosen  Department  Com- 
mander of  Ohio,  and  during  his  term  he  es- 
tablished over  160  Posts  and  increased  the 
membership  fk)m  1,950  to  over  8,000.  In  1885 
he  was  elected  Commander-in-Chief  of  the 
Grand  Army  of  the   Eepublic,  and    was  sue- 


YOUNG  HEROES. 


250 


ceeded  in  1886,  by  General  Fairchild  of  Min- 
nesota. 

Among  the  first  at  Toledo  to  enlist  for  the 
suppression  of  the  Eebellion  in  April,  1861, 
was  Joseph  E.  Wernert,  then  19  years  old.  His 
three  months'  service  in  the  Fourteenth  Ohio 
expiring,  he  re-enlisted  for  three  years,  and 
continued  to  the  close  of  the  War.  His  record 
throughout  was  one  of  loyalty  and  courage. 
At  the  battle  of  Chickamauga  these  qualities 
were  speciallj^  shown.  The  Eegiment  was 
very  much  exposed  to  the  enemy's  fire,  which 
seemed  to  be  particuiarl}'  directed  at  the  colors, 
six  or  seven  of  its  bearers  having  been  shot 
down.  It  was  regarded  as  almost  certain  death 
for  any  one  to  elevate  the  standard,  and  the 
bravest  heart  shrank  from  such  an  ortleul.  At 
such  critical  moment,  young  Wernert  step- 
ped forward,  seized  the  colors,  and  once 
more,  amid  the  cheers  of  the  command,  the 
tattered  flag  went  forward.  Wernert  was  then 
made  Eegimental  Color-Bearer,  and  was  pre- 
sented with  a  gold  medal  with  this  inscription  : 
"  Presented  to  Joseph  E.  Wernert,  by  Capt.  J. 
J.  Clark,  for  his  bravery  in  rescuing  the  flag  of 
the  14th  Regiment  O.  V.  I.,  at  the  battle  of 
Chickamauga."  Honorably  discharged  when 
heroic  service  was  no  longer  needed  by  his 
country,  this  hero  of  Chickamauga  returned 
to  Toledo  and  engaged  in  business,  where  he 
died  March  15,  1869,  aged  27  years,  leaving  a 
wife.  He  was  a  son  of  Ignatius  Wernert,  an 
old  and  prominent  German  citizen. 

Leroy  E.  Clark  was  born  November  6, 1846. 
He  enlisted  May  27,  1862,  when  15  years,  six 
months  and  21  days  old,  in  Company  K,  Eighty- 
Fourth  Ohio  Infantry,  and,  with  gun  and  knap- 
sack, marched  with  that  command  into  the 
country  of  the  Eebellion,  doing  the  full  duty  of 
a  man.  September  20, 1862,  he  was  discharged. 
On  the  6th  February,  1864,  he  enlisted  in  Com- 
pany I,  Fourteenth  Ohio  Eegiment,  being  then 
17  years  and  three  months  old.  Again,  as  a 
man,  he  marched  to  the  "  front  with  Sherman," 
doing  the  full  duty  of  a  Soldier  of  the  Union, 
until  shot  down  in  the  fierce  battle  of  Jones- 
boro,  September  1,  1864.  His  left  arm  was 
amputated  at  the  shoulder,  and  he  was  con- 
fined in  hospital  until  discharged,  March  22, 
1865.  Since  that  time,  and  until  recently,  his 
residence  has  been  at  Maumee  City  (South 
Toledo),  and  now  is  in  Toledo.  In  1873,  he 
was   appointed   Deputy  Collector  of  Internal 


Revenue  for  the  Tenth   District,  Ohio,  which 
position  he  yet  holds. 

The  Toledo  Blade,  of  September  24, 1864,  con- 
tained the  following  letter  from  Wm.  H.  Coal- 
well,  Company  A,  Fourteentii  Eegiment,  to  his 
mother,  at  Genoa,  Ottawa  County.  The  writer 
was  then  but  19  years  old,  and,  as  stated  by 
him,  was  sevei-ely  wounded  in  the  terrible 
charge  on  the  enemy's  works  at  Jonesboro. 
It  is  a  model  in  all  respects — cheerful,  uncom- 
plaining, patriotic  and  noble  in  tone  and 
spirit: 

Atlanta,  Ga.,  September  7,  ISGl. 

My  Dear  Mother — I  taketlie  present  opportunity 
of  answering  your  letter,  which  I  receiveil  while  oil 
the  great  and  grand  raid  around  Atlanta  to  the  Macon 
Railroad.  I  supjiose  you  would  like  to  know  how  1 
am  aud  what  I  am  doing.  You  have  heard  ere  this 
of  the  battle  of  the  1st,  which  was  one  of  the  most 
desperately  fought  battles  of  the  War.  The  old 
Fourteenth  Corps  ''  went  in  on  her  nerve"  in  one  of 
the  most  awful  charges  ever  made.  Our  Brigade 
charged  the  Rebels  in  their  works,  on  the  Macon 
Railroad,  LS  miles  South  of  Atlanta.  We  formed  in 
an  open  field,  fixed  bayonets  and  went  for  the  Rebs, 
W'ho  could  .see  us  from  behind  their  works,  which 
were  formed  aljout  30  yards  in  the  woods,  with  their 
line  of  rifle-pits  at  the  edge  of  the  field.  Well,  we 
went  for  them  on  double-quick.  Our  orders  were 
given  not  to  tire  till  we  got  to  the  woods,  and  we  did 
not.  We  drove  them  from  two  lines  of  works  and 
their  line  of  rifle-pits. 

I  suppose  you  would  like  to  know  how  the  Genoa 
boys  came  out,  for  the  old  Fourteenth  was  in  the 
front  line.  Our  Company  lost  17,  killed  and  wounded. 
The  lass  of  our  Regiment  was  98.  Our  Major  (John 
W.  Wilson),  who  commands  the  Regiment,  had  his 
right  leg  shot  ofT,  and  my  Lieutenant  had  his  right 
leg  amputated,  also.  Then  next  in  turn  came  your 
Boy.  It  appears  that  the  Rebels  thought  that  I  was 
an  officer,  for  I  was  the  only  "  high  private  "  who  lost 
a  leg.  My  leg  was  amputated  below  the  knee.  It 
was  my  right  one,  too.  Well,  the  devils  thought  that 
was  not  enough  ;  so  they  put  a  ball  through  the  calf 
of  my  left  leg.  I  can  say  one  thing  for  myself — I  was 
not  very  farin  the  rear  when  I  was  wounded,  for  I  fell 
within  20  feet  of  the  enemy's  works,  and  thanks  to 
God,  that  I  was  not  .shot  all  to  pieces  while  lying 
there,  for  the  bullets  flew  so  thick  that  I  could  lie 
and  see  them  meet  in  the  air.  I  lay  ther(>  till  the 
hottest  was  over,  when  I  halloed  to  a  young  man  to 
come  and  carry  me  off.  He  came,  and,  as  it  happened, 
he  was  a  ver}-  strong  man,  and  I  got  uji  and  got  upon 
his  back.  He  carried  me  to  the  rear  and  laid  me  down. 
I  was  brought  to  this  place  in  an  ammunition  wagon, 
drawn  by  six  mules,  a  distance  of  IS  miles,  in  one 
day.  Don't  you  think,  if  1  could  stand  that,  I  can 
stand  anything  ?  You  must  not  feel  alarmed  about 
my  getting  along  all  right,  for  the  Doctors  say  if  any 
of  them  get  along,  I  will  be  one  of  them.  They  say 
I  take  it,  with  such  as  I  got,  the  easiest  they  ever  saw. 
It  is  reported  that  our  Corps  is  to  be  stationed  at 
Atlanta,  and  are  expected  in  evei-y  day.  I  will  be 
glad  when  they  come.  Samuel  Wood  was  w'ounded. 
His  was  a  flesh  wound.  Thos.  Scott  was  slightlj' 
scratched  on  his  back,  but  he  did  not  leave  his  t'om- 
pany.  The  rest  of  the  Genoa  Boys  are  well,  and  I 
feel  first  rate,  also.  It  is  most  excellent  weather  for 
the  w'ounded.     We  have  good  care  taken  of  us. 

Xow,  my  dear  parents,  I  do  not  want  y<jn  to  fret 
about  me,  for  I  sufl'er  very  little,  and  get  first  rate 


2G0 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


care  taken  of  me.  and  as  soon  as  our  wounds  get  a 
little  better,  we  will  be  sent  North  to  Nashville,  and 
the  better  wejjet  the  farther  they  send  us  toward  our 
lionies  We  liave  been  moved  niund  from  place  to 
nlace,  to  f;ot  us  the  most  comfortable  places  they 
conl.l.  We  are  now  in  largo  hospital  tents,  with  a 
bunk  for  each  man,  and  on  each  bunk  is  a  tick  tilled 
with  straw  or  cotton.  These  ticks  were  furnished  by 
the  kind  and  patriotic  Women  of  tlie  North,  and 
many  a  poor  Soldier's  life  have  they  saved  by  this 
means,  too. 

I  will  bring  this  to  a  close,  for  the  burgeon  is 
coming  around  dressing  our  wounds,  and  it  will  be 
un-  turn  pretty  soon. 

From  vour  affectionate  Son, 

William  H.  Coalwell. 

Among  the  true  heroes  without  the  com- 
missions requisite  to  command  special  mention 
in  official  reiwrts,  was  "  Little  Johnny  Mitch," 
of  Toledo.  Before  the  war  he  had  gained  dis- 
tinction there  as  a  waif,  and  for  years  divided 
the  attentions  of  Sunday  School  Teachers  and 
the  Police.  While  not  really  vicious,  he  was 
yet  unable  to  withstand  the  evil  influences  in- 
cident to  his  unguided  life.  A  corresi^ondent, 
writing  of  the  battle  of  Chicliamauga,  in  Sept., 
1863,  made  this  record  of  the  Toledo  waif: 

But  yesterday  I  met  a  little  hero  t)f  Chickamauga, 
whose  name,  like  the  many  thousands  of  others  that 
deserve  a  Nation's  reverence,  has  not  been  men- 
tioned in  any  reports.  Two  years  ago,  when  only  1.5, 
he  tried  to  enlist  at  his  home,  in  Toledo,  but  was  re- 
fused, on  account  of  hi.s  extreme  youth.  Intent  on 
getting  into  the  Army,  he  then  applied  to  the  officers 
of  the  Third  Ohio  Cavalry,  as  a  .stable  boy.  But 
when  the  Company  arrived  at  Louisville  he  made 
another  effort  to  enlist,  and  finally  succeeded  in 
getting  into  the  Fourth  Kentucky  Cavalry,  with 
which  he  went  into  active  service.  Noted  for  his 
]:)romptness  at  any  duty,  however  hard — never  a.sking 
to  be  excused  from  any  undertaking,  however  des- 
perate— he  soon  became  the  favorite  of  his  Company. 
He  passed  through  three  hard-fought  battles,  without 
the  slightest  injury,  though  always  in  the  thickest  of 
the  fray.  But  at  blooily  Chickamauga  he  was  left  on 
the  field.  Man)'  eyes  were  moist  that  evening  when 
it  was  found  that  the  saddle  of  "  Little  Johnny  Mitch" 
was  empty.  He  was  shot  three  times  in  that  fight. 
First,  a  piece  of  shell  took  off  a  thumb  and  forefinger; 
then  a  musket-ball  grazed  his  head,  laying  the  skin 
open  just  above  the  right  eye,  which  .staggered  him, 
but  still  he  stuck  to  his  horse  and  went  for  the  Kebs 
till  one  of  their  bullets  entered  his  mouth  and  lodged 
in  the  back  part  of  his  neck.  This  brought  him 
senseless  to  the  ground,  where  he  was  left  for  dead, 
and  he  lay  on  that  bloody  battlefield  10  days,  when 
he  was  taken  into  a  Kebel  hospital  where  he  could 
receive  food  and  medical  attention.  His  career  was 
not  to  end  here,  however,  for  a  few  days  since  he 
was  paroled  and  sent  under  flag  cjf  truce  into  our 
lines,  and  is  now  recovering  so  rapidly,  that,  to  use 
his  own  words,  he  "  will  .soon  be  ready  for  them 
again." 

It  is  much  regretted  that  the  subsequent 
history  of  "Johnny  Mitch" — made  so  inter- 


esting by  what  is  known  of  him  — cannot  here 

be  written. 

The  Toledo  Blade,   of  November  24,  18G2, 

had  this  item  : 

In  recently  looking  over  a  file  of  letters  written  by 
a  Soldier  boy  in  an  Ohio  Regiment,  we  were  forcibly 
struck  by  the  character  and  unifijrmity  of  his  closing 
paragraph,  which  invariably  was  in  these  words: 
"  Mother,  pray  for  me."  One  of  his  letters  gave  a  very 
intelligent  account  of  the  battle  of  Winchester,  in 
which  he  took  an  active  part.  After  discussing  the 
terrific  conflict  which  took  place  in  front  of  the  cele- 
brated Stone  Wall  [which  gave  to  "  Stonewall  "  Jack- 
son his  war  title],  where  the  whistling  bullet  was 
heard  in  all  directions,  and  his  comrades  fell  on  every 
hand,  he  said:  "I  was  not  in  the  least  afraiil,  for  I 
felt  that  you  were  praying  for  my  safety.  Mother, 
always  pray  for  me,  that  I  may  always  feel  so."  Since 
then  he  has  been  in  other  battles,  the  last  being  the 
fearful  one  at  Antietam,  where  he  received  a  slight 
wound.  He  there  felt  the  same  reliance  on  a  kind 
Providence,  and  in  his  letter  makes  appropriate 
acknowledgment  for  his  preservation  amid  the  terri- 
ble slaughter  of  his  companions. 

Among  those  who  constituted  Comj^auy  I, 
Fourteenth  Ohio  Eegiment,  for  the  three 
months'  service,  was  Langdon  P.  Smith,  of 
Waterville.  He  was  then  just  17  years  of  age. 
Serving  out  his  enlistment,  he  remained  home 
for  a  time,  but  ere  long  re-enlisted  for  three 
years  in  the  Sixty-Seventh  Eegiment.  At  the 
first  battle  of  Winchester,  he  was  shot,  the 
bullet  entering  the  side  of  his  neck,  j)assing 
through  and  coming  out  in  the  opposite  shoul- 
der. No  proper  treatment  being  possible  for 
hiin  at  the  front,  lie  was  brought  home  to  To- 
ledo, in  care  of  two  comrades.  It  was  with 
great  difficulty  that  he  could  breathe,  as  the 
ball  had  so  injured  his  wind-pipe,  that  it  wa.s 
fast  closing  up.  At  the  suggestion  of  his 
brother,  Captain  John  W.  Smith,  One  Hun- 
dred and  Eleventh  Regiment,  a  council  of  Sur- 
geons was  held,  which  decided,  as  the  last 
resort,  to  make  an  incision  in  the  throat  below 
the  wound  and  insert  a  silver  tube  into  the 
wind-pipe.  This  was  done  by  Drs.  W.  W. 
Jones  and  J.  B.  Trembley.  The  operation  .was 
successful,  and  the  invalid  wore  the  tube  for  14 
months,  though  a  sufferer  until  the  wound 
healed.  He  is  now  in  good  health,  breathing 
wholly  through  the  aperture  in  his  throat. 
When  examined  for  final  discharge  from  the 
Army,  Dr.  Weber,  Surgeon-General  of  Ohio, 
told  him  he  knew  of  no  such  case  on  record, 
and  regarded  the  operation  and  the  fact  of  his 
living  as  simply  marvelous. 


CHAPTER    XI. 


HONORING    THE    SOLDIKUS. MEMORIAL    DAY. TOLEDO    MEMORIAL    HAf.I,. 


THE  practice  of  anniuil  decorations  of  the 
graves  of  Union   Soldiers,  was  instituted 
at  Toledo  at  an  early  day.     Tlio  tirst  occasion  of 
the  kind  took  place  May  30,  1868,  under  the 
auspices  of  Forsyth  Post,  Grand  Army  of  the 
Eepublic.     At  two  o'clock,  p.  m.,  a  procession 
was  formed  at  the  corner  of  Summit  and  Mad- 
isou  Streets,  in  the  following  order,  to  wit:  1. 
The  Union  Band.     2.  Forsyth  Post,   carrying 
the    National    colors   and   a   large  supply   of 
bouquets  and  wreaths.    3.  Citizens  on  foot.    4. 
Carriages.     Arrived    at  Forest  Cemetery,  the 
column  halted,  wlien  General  Charles  W.  Hill, 
Commander  of  the  Post,  briefly  stated  the  order 
of  exercises  for  the  occasion.     Eeverends  Wm. 
W.  Williams  of  First  Congregational  Church, 
E.    B.    Efift'ensperger    of    First    Presbyterian 
Church,  S.  H.  Camp  of  Unitarian  Church,  and 
H.  M.  Bacon  of  Westminster  Church,  by  re- 
quest, briefly  addressed  the  assemblage  ;  when 
the  ceremony  of  placing  flowers  on  the  graves 
of  the  dead  was  proceeded  with.      This  accom- 
plished, the    procession     was    re-formed    and 
marched  to  the  Catholic  Cemetery,  where  ad- 
dresses  were  made  by  Reverends  George  W. 
Collier  of  Ames  Chapel,  and  S.  M.  Beatty,  City 
Missionary,  and  the  proper  graves  decorated 
as  in  the  former  case.     A  party  detailed  for  the 
purpose,  and   under  direction   of  Colonel  Na- 
thaniel Haughton,  visited  other  localities  where 
Soldiers  had  been  buried,  adorning  their  graves 
in  like  manner,  while  the  procession  returned. 
Tills  fitting  practice,  since  that  time,  has  been 
maintained  with  great  regularity  and'interest, 
as  it  no  doubt  will  continue  to  bo  for  many 
years  to  come. 


MEMORIAL   HALL. 

The  matter  of  the  erection  in  Toledo  of  some 
suitable  memorial  to  the  fallen  Soldiers  of  the 
Union  Army  during  the  late  Rebellion,  had 
been  under  discussion  for  some  time,  when,  on 
the  16th  of  July,  1879,  different  Committees  in 
charge  of  the  subject  met  for  consultation.  The 
result  of  the  meeting  was  the  appointment  of 


f*  WgS?5'fe 


W\ 


\  V\V  |;iiii  BHi.[|l||i;^|pw 


^^M3  _s%JI:MM^^^' 


a  Committee  to  prepare  papers  lor  the  incor- 
poration of  a  "  Soldiers'  Memorial  Association," 
under  an  act  of  the  Ohio  Legislature,  passed 
March  3,  1865.  At  a  8ubsQ<|uent  meeting  (July 
23,  1879),  it  was  resolved  to  organize  "  The 
Toledo  Soldiers'  Memorial  Association."  Au- 
gust 16th,  the  following  Trustees  were  selected, 
to  wit :  From  the  Citizens  of  Toledo — John  R. 
Osborn,  Frank  J.  King,  Jacob  Eomeis,  S.  F. 
Forbes,  and  W.  T.  Walker.  From  Forsyth 
Post -Charles  L.  Young,  H.  G.  Neubert,  C.  W. 
Everett  and  E.  H.  Norton.  From  Ladies'  Aid 
Society— Mrs.  Kate  B.  Sherwood,  Mrs.  D.  R. 
Locke,  Mrs.  S.  H.  Bergen,  Mrs.  Milton  Taylor, 
and  Mrs.  B.  R.  Collins.  J.  R.  Osborn  was 
elected  President ;  Mr.  Walker  and  Mrs.  Sher- 
wood, Vice  Presidents,  and  W.  W.  Jones, 
Treasurer. 

AVith  such  organization  and  a  financial  nu- 
cleus, consisting  of  $49.60,  contributed  by  For- 
syth Post,  G.  A.  R  ,  the  Association  set  about 
its  work,  with  much  hope  of  success.  The  (."ity 
set  apart  for  the  site  of  a  building  a  portion  of 
the  old  Canal  bed  between  Madison  and  Adams 
Streets.  The  sum  of  §2,736. .5,5,  known  as  the 
"  Tliird  Ward  Bounty  Fund,"  was,  with  the 
consent  of  the  subscribers  to  the  same,  turned 
over  for  the  use  of  the  Memorial  Hall.  This 
sum  was  from  the  balance  on  hand  of  the  money 
rai.sed  by  voluntary  contributions  of  citizens  of 
the  Third  Ward,  Toledo,  in  1864,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  promoting  enlistment  in  the  Union 
Army.  So  liberally  was  such  call  responded  to, 
that  the  quota  of  the  Ward  was  promptly  met 


[•261] 


202 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


on  every  call  of  the  Government  for  troops, 
without  necessity  there  during  the  War  for 
ii  draft.  The  original  balance  was  *1,500.  This 
soon  after  the  close  of  the  War  was  invested  in 
the  municipal  bonds  of  the  City  of  Jackson, 
Michigan,  being  part  of  $50,000  of  same  secu- 
rities taken  at  Toledo,  on  condition  that  such 
purchase  would  secure  permanent  traffic  con- 
nection between  the  Jackson  &  Gi-and  Eapids 
Railroad  (then  building)  and  the  Lake  Shore 
Road  at  Jackson,  whereby  the  traffic  of  the 
former  would  be  secured  to  Toledo.  Such  stip- 
ulation was  not  made  good,  the  connection 
being  made  with  the  Michigan  Central  Road, 
instead.  Subsequently  the  Michigan  Courts 
undertook  to  relieve  the  City  of  Jackson  of  its 
obligation  to  pay  such  bonds,  when  the  case 
was  taken  to  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 
States,  where  the  Michigan  decision  was  re- 
vei-sed  and  judgment  given  the  Toledo  holders 
of  the  bonds.  The  same  were  tinallj^  jjaid,  and 
with  accrued  interest  amounted  to  $2, 736. 55, 
when  the  fund  was  tifi-ned  over  to  the  Memorial 
Hall  Trustees.  Thus  was  the  money,  raised  in 
1864  as  bounty  for  Soldiers  in  the  Union  Army, 
some  20  years  later  bestowed  by  its  contributors 
upon  a  fitting  recognition  of  the  grand  service 
performed  by  that  Army  in  defense  of  the  Na- 
tion's life.  Other  contributions  from  citizens  of 
Toledo  carried  the  aggregate  of  cash  means  to 
about  §20,000.  In  September,  1882,  the  Asso- 
ciation added  to  its  site  a  small  triangular  piece 
of  ground  for  the  sum  of  $1,640.  January  4, 
1883,  the  Association  resolved  to  erect  such  a 
Memorial  Building  as  "should  not  only  do 
honor  to  our  fallen  Comrades,  but  be  of  material 
benefit  to  the  City,"  the  cost  of  which  was  esti- 
mated at  $60,000,  and  appointed  a  Committee 
to  prepare  an  appeal  to  the  citizens  of  Toledo 
for  contributions  for  such  purpose.  Plans  for 
the  pi-oposed  structure  were  ordered.  At  the 
annual  meeting  held  February  26,  1883,  it  was 
resolved  to  proceed  with  the  erection  of  the 
Building,  and  to  lay  its  corner-stone  July  4th, 
ensuing,  in  connection  with  a  general  celebra- 
tion of  the  day.  Such  purpose  was  executed, 
and  was  attended  by  immense  numbers  of  citi- 
zens and  visitors.  The  corner-stone  was  laid 
at  10:30  a.  m.,  the  ceremony  being  conducted 
by  Right  Worshipful  C.  C.  Kiefer,  Grand  Mas- 
ter of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Ohio,  Ancient  Free 
and  Accepted  Masons,  assisted  by  R.  C.  Lem- 
mon,  as  Worthy  Deputy  Grand  Master ;  R.  B. 


Richards,  as  Worthy  Senior  Grand  Warden  ; 
C.  T.  Wales,  as  Worthy  Junior  Grand  Warden  ; 
and  D.  W.  Gibbs,  as  Architect.  Colonel  L.  F. 
Lyttle  acted  as  Marshal  of  the  Da}',  with  Major 
H.  S.  Bunker  as  Chief  of  Stafl^'.  At  the  conclu- 
sion of  laying  the  corner-stone,*  the  Civic  So- 
cieties proceeded  by  Railway  cars  to  the  Fair 
Grounds,  whence  they  had  been  preceded  by 
the  military  and  vast  numbers  of  citizens.  J. 
R.  Osborn  acted  as  President,  and  read  a  his- 
torical sketch  of  the  Association,  when  General 
William  H.  Gibson  delivered  an  appropriate 
oration.  A  feature  of  the  occasion  consisted  in 
a  Sham  Battle  (of  Shiloh),  the  Union  forces 
under  command  of  Adjutant  W.  W.  Alcorn, 
and  the  Confederates  under  Caj)tain  T.  B. 
Terry,  the  engagement  taking  jilace  in  a 
driving  storm  of  rain. 

The  annual  meeting  of  January,  1S84,  found 

*Tlie  box  deposited  under  the  stone  contained 
the  following  articles: 

1.  List  of  National  Executive  and  Judicial  CHlicers. 

2.  Executive  and  Judicial  Officers  of  the  State  of  Ohio. 

3.  Mayor,  Common  Council  and  Executive  Oflicers  of  the 
City  of  Toledo,  and  Population  of  the  City. 

4.  A  list  of  Deceased  Soldiers  who  went  out  from  the  County 
of  Lucas. 

5.  Roster  of  Forsyth  Post  of  the  G.  A.  R. 
Roster  of  Ford  Post  of  East  Toledo,  G.  A.  R. 

B.  Constitution  and  By-Laws  of  the  T.  S.  M.  Association,  and 
names  of  Trustees  and  Officers. 

7.  Names  of  Officers  and  Members  of  ,\nxiliary  to  Forsyth 
Post  of  G.  A.  R. 

8.  Names  of  Masonic  Commanderies  and  other  Societies  uni- 
ting to  lay  the  Corner  Stone. 

9.  Sketch  of  the  late  Frederick  H.  Brown,  of  Toledo,  killed 
in  an  Indian  battle  on  the  Frontier. 

10.  Pamphlet  and  Sketch  of  Northwestern  Medical  College  of 
Toledo. 

11.  U.  S.  Fractional  Currency  issues  during  the  War. 

12.  Copy  of  the  Toledo  Papers,  issued  last  before  this  date, 
l;!.  Historical  .Sketch  of  the  Rise  and  Growth  of  the  Toledo 

Soldiers'  Memorial  .\ssociation. 

14.  Sundry  Maps. 

15.  Roster  of  Fourth  Battery,  O.  N.  G.,  Capt.  O.  J.  Hopkins. 

16.  Roster  of  Toledo  Cadets,  O.  N.  G.,  Capt.  W.  V.  McMaken. 

The  Military  and  Civic  Societies  present  were  as 
follows :     .. 

MILITARY. 

First  Regiment,  Michigan  State  Troops — Cos.  B  and  G,  Jack- 
son ;  Co.  D,  Monroe :  Co.  C,  Detroit. 

Emmett  Rifles,  Jackson,  Michigan. 

Sixteenth  Regiment,  Ohio  National  Guard— Co.  A,  Toledo ; 
Co.  B,  Sandusky  ;  Co.  C,  Toledo  ;  Co.  D,  Fostoria;  Co.  E,  Bryan; 
Co.  F,  Napoleon  ;  Co.  I,  Clyde. 

Findlay  Guards,  Findlay,  Ohio. 

Fourth  Ohio  Battery,  Toledo. 

Co.  C,  Eleventh  Regiment,  O.  N.  G.,  Lima. 

Kirby  Light  Guards,  Upper  Sandusky,  Ohio. 

Galling  Gun  Battery,  Cleveland. 

Toledo  Cadets. 

CIVIC  SOCIETIES. 

Patriarchal  Circle  Lucas  Temple  No.  6,  I.  O.  of  O.  F. 
Defiance  Commandery  No.  30,  K.  T.,  Defiance. 
Shawnee  Commandery  No.  14.  K.  T.,  Lima. 
Toledo  Commandery  No.  7,  K.  T.,  Toledo. 


TOLEDO   MEMORIAL  HALL. 


the  Association  in  no  atssuring  condition.  At 
tliat  time  new  officers  were  ciiosen,  as  follows  : 
Tresident,  W.  T.  Walker;  1st  Vice  President, 
Mrs.  Kate  B.  Sherwood  ;  2d  Vice  President,  C. 
L.  Young;  Secretary,  C.  S.  Brown  ;  Treasurer, 
H.  S.  Bunlier.  It  was  then  jH-oposed  to  turn 
tlio  Building  over  to  the  City,  and  at  a  meeting 
April  14th  following,  a  resolution  to  that  effect 
was  passed  by  the  Directors.  The  result  of 
such  action  was  the  passageof  an  ordinance  by 
tlie  Cit}'  Council,  June  14,  1884,  accepting  a 
transfer  of  the  property  and  providing  for  the 
completion  of  the  Building  by  the  issue  of 
130,000  of  City  Bonds,  the  same  to  be  finished 
by  July  1,  1885.  The  following  named  persons 
were  chosen  as  Ti-ustees,  to  manage  the  con 
structiou  of  the  edifice:  Bobert  Cummings, 
George  Scheets,  W.  W.  Jones,  John  S.  Kountz, 
T.  B.  Terry  and  L  F.  Lyttle.  These,  with 
Mayor  Jacob  Eomeis,  ex  officio  President,  and 
L.  F.  Lyttle,  as  Secretary,  were  organized 
July  15,  1884. 

The  Building  having  been  completed,  Wash- 
ington's birthday  (February  22),  1S8G,  was  ap- 
])ointed  for  its  formal  opening  and  dedication 
to  the  purposes  of  its  erection.  The  total  cost 
of  the  same  was  then  $G5,000,  exclusive  o"f  site, 
and  was  believed  to  be  the  only  edifice  of  the 
kind  in  the  United  States.  About  2  o'clock 
p.  M.,  on  the  day  named.  Mayor  Forbes  called 
to  order  a  vast  assemblage  that  had  convened 
in  Drill  Hall,  and  asked  Eev.  H.  M.  Bacon  to 
offer  prayer.  The  Mayor  then  addressed  the 
audience  brieflj^,  setting  forth  the  object  of  the 
Building,  and  was  followed  by  John  E  Osborn, 
Esq.,  who  delivered  the  principal  address 
of  the  occasion,  when  Mrs.  W.  W.  Ainsworth 


sang  the  National  air,  "  America."  Colonel 
Lyttle  read  a  historical  sketch  of  the  Building; 
D.  R.  Austin,  Esq.,  delivered  an  address  upon 
the  Soldiers  in  the  War,  and  Mayor  Forbes,  in 
the  following  words,  dedicated  the  Building  to 
the  purpose  of  its  erection,  to  wit :  "  On  behalf 
of  the  citizens  of  Toledo,  I  hereby  dedicate  this 
Building  to  the  honor  of  the  Soldiers  and  Sailors 
of  Lucas  County  in  the  late  war,  and  in  memory 
of  those  who  gave  up  their  lives  in  the  mainte- 
nance of  our  country-,  and  to  be  the  home  fif  the 
military  of  our  City  forever.  And  may  the  God 
of  battles  smile  auspiciously  upon  this  memento 
of  patriotism  and  lo3'alty." 

In  the  evening  a  memorial  address  was  de- 
livered by  Capt.  J.  Kent  Hamilton,  in  Menuirial 
Hall,  and  a  public  Ball  took  place  in  Military 
Hall,  above.  Letters  of  acknowledgment  and 
regret  were,  read  in  the  afternoon  from  many 
invited  guests,  including  President  Cleveland, 
Chief  Justice  Waite,  Ex-President  E.  B.  Ha}'es, 
Senator  Sherman,  Ex-Governor  Charles  Foster 
and  Governor  Foraker. 

The  Officers  and  Trustees  of  the  Toledo  Sol- 
diers' Memorial  Association,  for  1886,  were  as 
follows:  President,  L.  F.  Lyttle;  1st  Vice 
President,  Mrs.  Kate  B.  Sherwood  ;  2d  Vice 
President,  C.  L.  Young;  Secretary,  E.  H. 
Cochran  ;  Treasurer,  W.  T.  Walker  ;  Trustees, 
S.  F.  Forbes,  Mayor,  and  C.  A.  Vortriedc, 
County  Auditor,  ex  officio ;  Mrs.  Kate  B.  Sher- 
wood, Mrs.  Milton  Taylor,  Mrs.  D.  E.  Locke, 
Mrs.  S.  H.  Bergen,  Mrs.  Joel  W.  Kelsey,  J.  E. 
Osborn,  W.  T.  Walker,  C.  L.  Y^oung,  L.  F. 
Lyttle,  J.  S.  Kountz,  H.  G.  Neubert,  H.  S. 
Bunker,  T.  B.  Terry,  William  Corlett,  George 
Scheets. 


CHAPTER    XII. 


IN    KEBEL    HANDS. 


SAD  as  War  is,  under  any  circumstances ; 
and  specially  sad  as  Civil  War  always  has 
been  and  must  be ;  the  worst  and  most  cruel  of 
all  the  sad  features  of  the  War  of  the  American 
Eebellion,  was  found  in  the  experience  of  the 
loyal  Soldiers  of  the  Union  when  falling  into 
the  handsof  their  disloyal  countrymen.  Noth- 
ing ill  modern  warfare,  and  nothing  in  history 
outside  the  lawless  ferocity  of  savages,  has 
equaled  it.  The  brutalitj^  of  tlie  Eebel  author- 
ties  in  that  one  particular,  manifested  beyond 
dispute  the  spirit  which  dictated  and  directed 
tbeir  assault  upon  the  life  of  the  Republic. 
Such  treatment  of  one  semi-savage  people  by 
another,  would  have  aroused  the  indignation, 
if  not  the  interposition,  of  the  civilized  world. 
The  pretext  employed  in  mitigation  of  such 
inhixmanity,  that  the  Confederate  authorities 
were  deficient  in  supplies  and  other  means  for 
the  proper  care  of  prisoners  of  War  falling  into 
their  hands,  might  be  accepted  in  exceptional 
cases.  But  no  such  plea  can  avail  with  them. 
The  wrong  was  the  rule,  instead  of  the  excep- 
tion. There  was  not  a  prison  established  and 
maintained  by  them  for  the  occupancy  of 
Union  Soldiers,which  was  not  the  scene  of  abuse, 
in  some  form  or  other,  and  to  greater  or  less  ex- 
tent. Prisoners  were  taken  and  held  with  full 
purpose  and  intent  of  savage  maltreatment. 
Such  were  thrust  into  prison-pens,  with  knowl- 
edge that  all  of  them  would  be  subjected  to  in- 
human abuse.     Aye,    worse   than    that — with 


form,  their  wicked  persistence  in  useless  and 
hopeless  war,  than  by  their  confession  that  they 
were  no  longer  able  to  conduct  hostilities 
according  to  civilized  usages. 

No  attempt  will  be  made  here  to  present 
more  than  brief  mention  of  a  very  few  cases  of 
Confederate  brutality  toward  Union  Soldiers 
falling  into  their  hands.  A  few  cases — by  no 
means  the  worst — will  be  presented,  as  indi- 
cating what  was  tlie  character  of  the  treatment 
experienced  by  loyal,  at  the  hands  of  disloyal 
citizens. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  E.  L.  Haj'es  and  Captain 
W.  W.  Hunt,  of  the  One  Hundredth  Ohio,  who 
were  of  the  detachment  of  that  Regiment  (300 
strong)  captured  bj^  the  Rebels  September  8, 
1863,  near  Limestone  Station,  Tennessee,  hav- 
ing been  exchanged,  reached  Toledo,  August 
19,  186-1,  where  they  had  an  enthusiastic  recep- 
tion by  the  citizens  at  White's  Hall.  They 
were  introduced  to  the  meeting  by  J.  R.  Osborn, 
Esq.,  who  briefly  stated  their  services  in  the 
Army,  when  each- of  them  responded  in  thanks 
for  their  reception,  and  in  statements  of  their 
experience.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Hayes  said 
that  among  the  officers  taken  with  him  were 
Captains  Hunt,  Taylor,  Blinn  and  Greene. 
They  were  hurried  off  from  Jonesboro.  At  Bris- 
tol, the  people  clamoring  to  see  the  "  Yankees," 
Colonel  Hayes  was  taken  out  to  give  them 
"  tlie  sight  of  an  Abolition  Colonel."  At 
Lynchburg,  Virginia,  they    were   confined    in 


guilty  foreknowledge,  that  a  large  per  cent,  of     jail   and  illy  treated  by  an  ofticer,  who  was  a 


them  never  would  come  out  alive.  Conceding 
that  the  desperate  condition  of  the  Confederates 
was  80  great,  that  such  was  the  best  care  they 
were  able  to  give  to  their  prisoners  of  War, 
how  utterly  insufficient  is  such  pretext  for  their 
inhumanity.  If  they  knew  that  they  had 
reached  the  condition  which  forbade  to  them  the 
continuance  of  warfare  in  modes  recognized 
among  civilized  Nations  as  consistent  with 
common  humanity,  but  one  thing  was  left  for 
them  to  do,  and  that  was,  to  cease  warfare. 


renegade  from  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio.  Thence 
they  went  to  Libby  Prison,  Richmond,  where, 
in  three  rooms,  40x100  fieet,  were  600  officers, 
without  seats  of  any  sort,  and  three  weeks 
without  blankets.  Hearing  the  cry  of"  Fresh 
Fish  !  "  on  entering  the  room,  they  were  elated 
by  the  thought  of  such  diet,  but  soon  learned 
that,  as  the  latest  recruits  of  the  place,  they 
were  themselves  what  among  War  prisoners 
were  known  as  "  Fresh  Fish."  By  November, 
the  number  of  prisoners  was  increased  to  1,050, 


They  could  hardly  in-oclaim  in  more  distinct     reducing  each  man's  space  to  2x6  feet.    An  or- 

[264] 


IN  REBEL  HANDS. 


265 


ganizatiou  for  escape  was  then  effected,  includ- 
ing 900  members,  with  Colonel  Straight,  of  Indi- 
ana, as  leader,  which  was  defeated  through  the 
treachery  of  a  member.  In  May,  18(14,  on  the 
approach  of  Grant,  they  were  hurried  off  to 
Macon,  where  were  1,700  prieoners.  Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel Ilaj-es  was  among  40  or  50  officers 
taken  to  Charleston,  where  for  53  days  they 
were  under  the  fire  of  Union  guns.  August 
30th  they  were  released  under  exchange,  when 
he  left  for  home.  Captain  Hunt  gave  a  graphic 
account  of  diflFei'ent  attemjits  at  escape  made  by 
him,  and  of  the  ways  and  means  by  which  he 
finally  succeeded.  At  Macon  eight  or  10  tun- 
nels were  dug  from  the  prison,  one  of  which 
was  50  feet  in  length  and  within  30  feet  of  com- 
pletion when  discovered.  Jul}-  :27th,  (jOO  Union 
officers  at  Macon  were  directed  to  prepare  to 
leave  for  Charleston.  A  concerted  plan  for 
escape  had  fallen  through,  when  he  and  Lieu- 
tenant John  W.  Jaquett,  One  Hundredth  Ohio, 
who  was  captui-ed  May  24,  1804,  at  Cass  Sta- 
tion, Georgia,  determined  to  try  it  alone.  The 
train  was  moving  about  10  miles  an  hour,  and 
while  the  guards  on  each  side  of  the  door  of 
the  freight  car  in  which  they  rode  were  asleep, 
they  jumped  out  between  them,  ligliting  on  a 
bank.  Ere  long  they  met  a  couple  of  colored 
men,  and  learned  that  they  were  not  far 
from  Port  Eoyal  Ferry.  Mistakenly  supjios- 
ing  themselves  discovered  by  a  white  man, 
they  fled  to  the  woods,  finally  arriving  at  the 
Coosaw  River,  three  miles  from  the  Ferry.  On 
the  fourth  day  of  their  severe  journey  they 
reached  the  River  bank.  Lieutenant  Jaquett 
not  being  a  swimmer,  Captain  Hunt,  though 
very  weak,  had  to  cross  in  search  of  a  boat. 
This  occupied  two  hours,  he  swimming  most  of 
the  way  on  his  back,  owing  to  weakness.  But 
he  found  himself  among  friends  when  he 
crawled  up  the  bank.  Arrangements  made 
by  the  Soldiers  of  the  Fifty-Sixth  New 
York  Infantry,  Colonel  Van  Wyck  (recently 
United  States  Senator  from  Nebraska),  soon 
brought  Lieutenant  Jaquett  across  the  River, 
whence  the  two  went  to  Hilton  Head,  where 
they  met  Lieutenant  Colonel  Hayes,  on  his  way 
North,  the  three  coming  on  together.  Lieu- 
tenant Jaquett  reached  home  three  weeks  after 
the  arrival  of  Captain  Hunt.  Throughout  his 
perilous  escape  he  was  in  poor  health,  suffer- 
ing from  diarrhoea,  lasting  the  five  days  they 
were  out.     He  could  not  continue  the  journey, 


and  must  have  failed,  but  for  the  great  kind- 
ness of  Captain  Hunt,  who  refused  to  leave 
him,  saying  they  "  would  escape  together  or  be 
captured  together."  While  at  Ijibby,  Captain 
Hunt  and  Lieutenant  Jaquett,  in  common  with 
most  other  ])risoners,  craved  acids  constantly. 
Vinegar  of  the  poorest  sort,  cost  ^2.0(1  jicrpint, 
and  they  conceived  the  plan  of  starting  a  vine- 
gar factory.  They  secured  a  barrel.  In  that 
tiie}-  put  apples,  apple  parings,  blackberries 
(costing  $1.00  per  quart.  Confederate  monej'), 
so-called  mohisses,  the  rinsings  of  molasses 
barrels, &c.  The  result  was  a  supply  of  vinegar 
which  met  rapid  sale  at  $2.00  per  pint.  This 
trade  soon  met  the  protest  of  the  Rebel  Sutler, 
and  the  Yankee  vinegar  dealers  were  com- 
pelled to  "  wholesale  "  to  him  at  $1.00  ]ier  jiint, 
while  he  sold  at  the  snug  advance  of  100  per 
cent.  This  arrangement  continued  until  the 
manufactorj-  closed  by  the  removal  of  its  pro- 
prietors to  the  Rebel  prison  at  Charleston.  The 
common  trials  which  Captain  Hunt  and  Ijieu- 
tenant  Jaquett  shared  in  Rebel  hands,  naturall}' 
drew  them  together  in  bonds  of  special  attach- 
ment. From  the  time  of  their  association  as 
prisoners  in  Rebel  hands  until  death  finally 
separated  them,  they  were  warm  friends.  Often 
had  they  discussed  with  glee  the  ha))py  times 
the}-  would  have  in  coming  years  of  peace, 
when  they  should  meet  to  recount  common  ex- 
periences met  in  defense  of  their  country's  life. 
But  all  such  bright  visions  were  doomed  to  sad 
disappointment.  Their  last  association  was  in 
the  battle  of  Franklin,  November  30,  18G4.  As 
that  terrific  engagement  opened,  Captain  Hunt 
became  possessed  bj^  the  premonition  that  he 
would  not  live  to  its  close,  and  so  expressed 
himself  freely  to  his  friend,  who  sought  to  dis- 
pel his  apprehension,  but  in  vain.  But  a  very 
brief  space  of  time  was  required  for  the  verifica- 
tion of  such  sad  presentiment,  in  the  prostrate 
form  of  the  Captain  on  the  field  of  battle,  where 
he  had  been  killed  by  a  Rebel  bullet.  At  night 
when  the  fight  was  over.  Lieutenant  Jaquett 
sent  a  detail  to  take  charge  of  the  Captain's 
body,  who  found  the  same,  but  were  unable  to 
take  it  along  or  even  to  bury  it.  Suffice  it 
here  to  sa}',  that  the  body  was  at  last  buried, 
and  after  much  anxiety  and  persistent  efforts 
by  Lieutenant  Jaquett,  it  was  secured  and  re- 
turned to  Mrs.  Hunt  and  buried  at  Cleveland, 
Ohio.  Captain  Hunt  was  in  the  Boot  and  Shoe 
trade  at  Toledo  before  the  Rebellion,  and  was 


L'dii 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


held  in  high  esteem  by  a  large  circle  of  ac- 
quaintances. Lieutenant  Jaquett  yet  survives 
bis  lost  friend  and  resides  in  Toledo. 

J.  T.  Bcngough,  formerly  the  publisher  of 
the  Fairmount(W.  Va.)  National,  was  a  volun- 
teer in  the  Union  Army,  and  was  killed  at 
Winchester,  June  14, 18(i3.  He  had  two  sisters 
(Celia  and  Julia),  teachers  in  the  Toledo  Public 
Schools.  Miss  Celia  at  once  left  for  the  pur- 
pose of  recovering  the  body  of  her  brother. 
August  7th,  in  a  letter  from  Pittsburgh,  Penn., 
she  stated  that  she  had  arrived  there  safe  and 
well,  after  an  imprisonment  of  five  weeks  in 
Castle  Thunder,  Eiclimond.  She  and  her 
brother's  widow  partially  succeeded  in  their  sad 
cri'und.  They  had  the  body  disinterred  and 
buried  in  a  coffin  in  Winchester  Cemetery. 
Hearing  that  tliey  would  be  sent  as  prisoners 
to  Eichmond,  and  that  women  there  suffered 
terribly,  they  concluded  to  elude  the  pickets 
on  the  Eomney  road  and  get  to  New  Creek. 
After  making  20  miles  of  their  journey  on  loot, 
they  met  Eebel  Cavalry,  were  made  prisoners 
and  sent  to  Eichmond,  where,  after  five  weeks' 
detention  without  charges  being  made,  they 
were  discharged. 

Captain  John  W.  Sprague,  Company  E,  7th 
O.  V.  I.,  was  the  first  Union  prisoner  that 
reached  Washington  after  release  at  Charles- 
ton. His  residence  was  Huron,  Erie  County, 
Ohio.  By  invitation  of  the  Ladies'  Soldiers' 
Aid  Society,  Toledo,  he  visited  that  Citj'  and 
addres.sed  a  public  meeting  at  W^hite's  Hall, 
January  30,  18t!2.  His  removals — first  from 
the  Eichmond  Tobacco  House  to  Charleston 
jail,  tiien  to  Castle  Pinckncy,  and  again  to 
Columbia  jail — gave  liim  a  pretty  comj)lete 
taste  of  Eebol  jirison  life,  outside  Anderson- 
ville  and  the  other  death-pens,  subsequently 
met  by  Union  Soldiers.  Captain  Sprague  rose 
to  the  grade  of  Brigadier  General.  For  many 
years  past  (1887)  he  has  been  in  Oregon, 
prominently  identified  with  the  Northern  Pa- 
cific Eailroad  and  the  navigation  interests  of 
that  region. 

No  incident  of  the  Eebellion  was  more  touch- 
ing in  its  proof  of  loyalty  and  true  heroism  of 
the  Union  Soldier,  than  was  what  was  known 
as  the  "  Mitchel  Eaid,"  occurring  in  the  spring 
of  1862.  While  none  of  the  parties  engaged 
in  it  were  from  Lucas,  Wood  County  was  rep- 
resented therein  by  brave  and  patriotic  men. 
The   story  of  this   memorable  expedition,    as 


succinctly  told  by  John  E.  French,  in  a  letter 
of  March  26,  1863,  to  the  Cleveland  Herald,  is 
given  bei-ewith,  as  illustrative  both  of  the  firm 
loyalty  of  Union  Soldiers  and  of  the  inhu- 
manity and  fiendish  malignity  which  marked 
the  treatment  of  these  Soldiers  when  prisoners 
in  the  hands  of  the  Eebels.  The  statement  is 
as  follows: 

Last  April  (1862),  when  our  most  gallant  anddeeply 
lamented  General  Mitchel  with  his  brave  little  Army 
had  obtained  a  foothold  in  Northern  Alabama, — this 
keen-sijrhted  and  earnest  soldier  matured  a  ])lan  of 
operations,  which,  if  successful,  would  have  proved 
of  incalculable  value  to  the  Federal  cause.  The  first 
step  in  the  plan,  and  an  absolute  necessity  to  its  suc- 
cess, was  to  cut  an  important  Railroad  line  by  de- 
stroying a  bridge  distant  2.50  miles  in  the  enemy's 
country.  For  this  expedition,  whose  hazard  was 
only  equaled  by  its  importance,  22  brave  and  patri- 
otic men  were  selected  from  the  Second,  Twenty- 
First,  and  Thirty-Third  Ohio  Begiments.  In  citizen's 
dress  they  successfully  made  their  way  through  the 
country  until  they  reached  the  Kailroad  near  Mari- 
etta, Oa.  Here  they  purchased  tickets  for  different 
points  and  took  seats  in  the  first  train  toward  the  de- 
sired bridge.  In  a  few  hours  the  train  stopped  for 
breakfast,  and  our  22  heroes  were  careful  at  once  to 
be  found  near  the  head  of  the  train — apparently 
green  fellows  from  the  mountains  for  the  first  time 
gazing  at  a  locomotive.  As  the  engineer  and  fireman 
left  their  places  for  the  breakfast-room,  two  Ohio  men 
stepped  on,  while  a  third  pidled  the  pin,  disconnecting 
all  tjut  four  cars  from  the  engine — and  away  went  our 
22  men,  while  five  regiments  of  Rebels  quartered  at 
that  station  stood  wondering  at  the  short  stop  and 
unusual  speed  of  the  train. 

With  this  train  they  successfully  accomplished  100 
miles  of  their  journey — and  nearly  reached  the  bridge 
— tnit  unexpected  delays  on  account  of  several  extra 
trains  on  the  road  that  day,  frustrated  their  plans, 
and  they  narrowly  escaped  capture,  the  company 
scattering  in  the  woods  and  mountains,  each  to  make 
his  way  back  to  our  lines  as  best  he  might.  The  whole 
country  was  summoned  to  the  hunt,  and  withti'ained 
blood  bounds  finally  every  man  was  taken.  After  a 
number  of  the  men  had  been  taken  and  had  been 
brouglit  to  the  village  of  Chattanooga,  the  mob 
gathered  around  and  demanded  the  purpose  of  the 
expedition,  the  name  of  its  leader,  the  name  of 
the  engineer,  and  the  hiding  places  of  those  not  yet 
taken.  All  bravely  refused  to  give  a  word  of  infor- 
mation. Then  those  uncivilized  barbarians  called 
out  the  youngest  of  the  prisoners,  a  gallant  lad  of  IS 
years  from  Hardin  county  by  the  name  of  Jacob 
Parrott,  a  name  that  in  all  the  hereafter  shall  be  dear 
to  every  Ohio  heart,  bid  him  strip  his  clothing  from 
his  back,  and  while  a  ruffian  stood  on  either  side 
with  a  cocked  pistol  to  his  head,  a  third  with  brutal 
vigor  applied  the  cowhide,  telling  him  that  the  whip- 
ping should  continue  until  he  disclosed  the  desired 
information.  Not  a  sound  passed  the  young  hero's 
lips,  not  an  entreaty  for  mercy,  not  a  groan  even, 
while  every  blow  gashed  the  quivering  flesh.  When 
an  hundred  lashes  had  been  thus  inflicted,  a  Rebel 
officer  standing  by  interfered,  saying:  "It  was  evi- 
dent the  boy  wouldn't  tell,  and  he'd  be  d d  if  he'd 

stand  by  and  see  him  killed." 

After  all  had  been  caught,  they  were  hand-cuffed 
in  threes,  and  an  iron  chain  made  fast  to  the  back  of 
each,  and  then  made  fast  to  the  neck  of  each,  and 
then  all  tlirust  into  a  pit  in  the  ground,  dug  beneath 
an  old  Stone  Prison  at  Chattanooga — full  of  filth  and 
vermin  from  former  use ;  and  here  without  light,  and 


m  REBEL  HANDS. 


207 


barely  air  enough  to  support  lifi',  tlius  chained  and 
entirely  naked,  in  this  sweltering  lieat,  and  tilth 
and  vermin  too  liorribk>  for  description,  and  crowded 
and  packed  as  tlie  Slaver  packs  his  middle  deck, 
for  three  long  weeks  were  confined  tliese  twenty-two 
Ohio  men!  AVhen  they  were  brought  out  "they 
could  hardly  crawl. 

But  I  will  not  harrow  uj)  the  feelings  of  the  reader 
by  further  recital  of  the  11  months'  experience  of 
these  men  with  the  devils  and  damned  spirits  of  the 
South.  During  these  11  months  they  were  confined 
in  eight  ditl'erent  dungeons  and  i)ri.sons.  Eight  of 
their  number,  after  months  of  outrage,  with<.iut  an 
hour's  warning,  irere  huiuj.  and  under  too  brutal  cir- 
cumstances for  recital.  Their  death-warrant  was 
signed  by  General  Leadbetter,  a  Coppa-head  Volun- 
teer in  the  Rebel  Army  from  Maine,  and  endorsed  by 
Kirby  Smith.  Seven  of  their  number,  on  one  occa- 
sion broke  jail — two  reached  our  lines  at  Corinth,  and 
five  the  rebels  claim  to  have  shot.  The  remaining  six 
reached  "Washington  on  Saturday  last.  Their  names 
are  E.  H.  Mason,  Jacob  I'arrott,  Wm.  Pettinger, 
Robert  Bufl'um,  Wm.  Reddick  and  Wm.  Benninger. 
They  are  receiving  from  Ohio  men  and  the  officials 
of  the  Government  tlie  attention"  they  deserve. 
Yesterday  morning,  in  company  with  Mr.  Wetmore, 
the  very  efficient  Ohio  Agent  for  this  point,  at  his 
special  solicitation  they  called  upon  the  Secretary  of 
War.  Numbers  of  Military  and  Civil  dignitaries  were 
anxiously  awaiting  outside  to  see  Mr.  Stanton,  Ijut 
were  required  to  wait  until  the  patriotism  of  these 
heroic  soldiers  had  been  commended,  and  their  merit 
re^^'arded.  Mr.  Stanton  familiarly  shook  each  one  of 
them  by  the  hand  and  introduced  tliem  to  Secretarj' 
Chase  and  Andrew  Johnson.  He  then,  in  a  conver- 
sational and  unreserved  style,  addressed  Mr.  Par- 
rott,  the  gallant  Soldier  who  had  been  ignominiously 
cowhided  by  the  rebels,  informing  iiim  that  he  had 
heard  of  his  persistent  devotion  to  his  flag  under  the 
most  trying  circumstances  and  appreciated  his  merit. 
Secretary  Stanton  (opening  a  morocco  case)  further 
informed  Mr.  Parrott  that  "Congress  had  authorized 
him  to  pi-esent  medals  to  such  Soldiers,  as  shall  by 
their  brave  deeds  prove  that  they  deserve  them". 
None  of  these  medals  have  yet  been  awarded  to  any 
Soldiers,  and  I  now  present  you  with  the  first  one  tliat 
has  been  issued  by  authority  of  the  late  act."  The 
Secretary  then  presented  each  one  of  Mr.  Parrott's 
companions  with  alike  medal. 

When  the  surprised  recipients  of  these  honorable 
badges  had  warmly  thanked  the  donor,  they  were 
completely  taken  aback  by  Secretary  Stanton  present- 
ing each  one  of  them  with  $100,  with  the  remark  that 
that  was  an  additional  testimonial  of  his  respect  for 
them,  and  a  very  slight  remuneration  for  their  sufler- 
ings. 

Secretary  Stanton  requested  Mr.  Wetmore  to  ask 
Governor  Tod,  in  his  name,  to  appoint  each  one  of 
these  genlleinen  patriots  to  a  First  Lieutenancy  in  such 
Regiments  as  there  may  now  exist  vacancies.  If 
there  are  no  such  vacancies  he  assured  them  that  he 
would  brevet  each  of  them  First  Lieutenants  in  the 
Regular  Army.  The  Soldiers  remained  for  some  time 
in  conversation  with  the  Secretarj-  and  the  other 
gentlemen  present. 

President  Lincoln  having  requested  the  Soldiers  to 
pay  him  a  visit,  on  taking  leave  of  the  War  Office, 
they  went  directly  to  the  White  House,  with  General 
Hitchcock  and  Mr.  Wetmoi'e,  where  they  were  re- 
ceived with  exceeding  warmth  of  feeling  by  the 
President.  Mr.  Lincoln  manifested  the  utmost  sym- 
pathy for  their  sufterings,  and  commended  them  for  the 
uncomplaining  courage  with  which  they  had  submit- 
ted to  them,  lie  thanked  them  on  behalf  of  the  people. 
They  departed  after  a  very  interesting  interview  of 
half  an  hour's  duration. 

These  men  have  been  granted  a  month's  furlough 


and  to-da)'  or  to-morri3w  start  for  tlieir  Ohio  homes, 
where  they  will  receive  a  welcome  worthy  of  their 
heroism.  I  was  aliout  to  add  that  I  was  ])roud  that 
my  home  too  was  in  a  Stati'  tluit  breeds  such  heroes 
— but  we  will  claim  not  all  of  this  honor  for  Ohicj^ 
for  it  is  abundant  for  our  entire  common  Country — 
every  State  and  league  of  it. 

In  1880  John  A.  Wilson  (better  known  us 
"  Alf."  Wilson),  of  Haskins,  Wood  County,  had 
published  a  very  interesting  statement  of  the 
Mitcliel  Raid,  in  wliich  he  was  a  j)artici])ant. 
He  gave  the  names  of  his  associates  as  fijllows  : 

J.  J.  Andrew's  and  Wm.  Campbell,  citizens  of  Ken- 
tucky. 

JNIarion  A.  Ross  and  Perry  G.  Shadrack,  Company 
A,  Second  Ri^giment  0.  Y.  I. 

George  Wilson,  Company  B,  same  Regiment. 

Wilson  W.  Brown,  Company  F,  same  Regiment. 

Wm.  Pettenger,  Company  G,  same  Regiment. 

J.  K.  Porter,  Mark  Wood",  and  J.  A.  Wilson,  Com- 
pany C,  Twenty-Fir.st  Regiment,  O.  V.  I. 

Wm.  J.  Knight,  Company  E,  same  Regiment. 

Wm.  Bessinger,  Company  G,  same  Regiment. 

Robert  Buffum,  Company  H,  same  Regiment. 

John  Scott  and  E.  H.  Mason,  Company  K,  same 
Regiment. 

M.  J.  Hawkins,  Company  A,  Thirtv-Third  Regi- 
ment 0.  V.  I. 

Wm.  Reddick,  Company  B,  same  Regiment. 

Wm.  Wollam,  Company  C,  same  Regiment. 

Samuel  Robinson,  Company  G,  same  Regiment. 

D.  A.  Dorsey,  Company  H,  same  Regiment. 

Jacob  Parrott,  Company  K,  same  Regiment. 

Samuel  Slavens,  same  Regiment. 

Tv?o  others  started  on  the  expedition,  but  fell 
so  far  behind  their  associates,  that  they  re- 
turned to  the  Union»lines. 

Mr.  Wilson's  story  is  replete  with  facts  and 
incidents  not  given  in  the  brief  sketch  of  Mr. 
French,  the  two  agreeing  substantially  in  the 
main  points.  Mr.  Wilson  says  that  of  the 
original  party  of  22  who  landed  at  Marietta, 
eight  had  been  hung,  leaving  14,  who  were  in 
Atlanta  prison  together.  Of  these  eight  made 
good  their  escape, and  reached  the  Union  lines, 
to  wit : 

J.  A.  AVilson,  of  Haskins,  Wood  County,  Ohio. 

M.  J.  Hawkins,  residence  unknown. 

W.  W.  Brown,  Wood  County,  Ohio. 

Wra.  J.  Knight,  North  Pacific  Junction,  Minnesota. 

Wm.  Wollam,  residence  unknown. 

John  R.  Porter,  Carlisle,  Arkansas. 

Mark  Wood,  deceased. 

Mr.  Wilson  and  Mark  Wood  were  not  with 
their  six  associate  raiders  when  they  were  at 
Washington  ;  but  they  also  made  the  visit,  and 
like  the  others  were  received  with  testimonials 
of  admiration  and  respect  for  their  heroic  con- 
duct. The  President  said  to  him  :  "Mr.  Wil- 
son, it  affords  me  great  pleasure  to  take  you  by 
the  hand  ;  and  I  thank  God  that  your  life  has 
been    spared."     After   introducing    him  to  a 


268 


HISTOKY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


company  of  disting^uished  callei'S,  the  Presi- 
dent sat  down  by  Mr.  AVilson,  manifesting  as 
muoh  interest  in  him  as  if  he  liad  been  an  old 
and  valued  ac(juaintanee.  On  leaving,  the 
President  took  him  by  the  hand,  saying : 
"  Each  member  of  j'our  expedition  shall  have 
a  commission  ;  and  if  the  Governor  of  Ohio 
does  not  give  you  a  commission,  Mr.  Wilson,  I 
will  give  3'ou  a  Lieutenant's  commission  in  the 
Eegular  Army." 

Hotli  the  c.\])oricuicc  and  the  spirit  of  Union 
Soldiers  in  the  hands  of  the  Rebels,  are  well 
shou'M  ill  the  following  private  letter  from 
Lieutenant  (now  Captain)  F.  T.  Bennett,  18th 
Regiment  United  States  Army,  .sou  of  the  late 
Henry  Bennett,  Esq.,  of  Toledo  : 

LiBBY  Prison.  Richmond,  Va.,  October  22,  1S63. 

De.mj  Mother  :— I  have  been  here  since  the  1st 
and  1  am  getting  used  to  Prison  Ufe.  I  am  per- 
fectly well  and  iiave  not  seen  a  sick  minute  since 
I  came  here.  Tliere  are  a  great  many  otticers 
here.  We  have  Ave  large  sleeping  rooms  and  a 
dining  hall,  whicli  is  a  large  room,  lighted  with 
gas.  We  liave  dances,  cards,  theatres,  and  all 
kinds  of  anuLsements  here.  There  is  either  preach- 
ing or  prayer  meeting  in  one  of  the  rooms 
every  evening.  Yesterday  we  had  a  sermon  by  the 
Catholic  Bishop  of  Richmond,  a  very  smart  'man. 
We  get  Richmond  pa|iers  everv  morning.  Captain 
Hunt  got  a  box  from  his  wife  yesterday,  filled  with 
all  sorts  of  good  things.  1  wrote  to  vou  for  a  box 
and  hope  you  will  .send  it  right  along.  Almost  every 
officer  that  has  been  here  anv  time  has  got  a  box 
from  home  lately;  should  like.drawers,  shirts,  stock- 
ings, blankets,  coffee,  sugar,  ham,  i>ic.  Capt.  Hunt 
and  Lieut.  Forsyth  are  well.  Capt.  Hunt  got  two 
Toledo  papers,  one  with  a  notice  of  my  capture.  I 
am  glad  that  you  heard  it  so  soon.     ■ 

Write  often  and  send  lots  of  papers.  Remember 
me  to  all.  Your  atfectionate  son, 

Fr.\nk  T.  Bennett. 

In  January,  1865,  the  Congressional  Com- 
mittee on  the  Conduct  of  the  War  made  the 
treatment  of  Union  prisoners  in  Rebel  hands 
the  subject  of  special  investigation.  To  tliat 
end,  they  took  the  testimony  of  many  Union 
Soldiers  and  others,  who  had  personal  knowl- 
edge in  the  premises.  Among  tho.se  thus  ex- 
amined was  Albert  D.  Richardson,  then  a  corres- 
pondent of  the  New  York  Tribune  in  the  South. 
His  testimony  was  specially  distinct  and  clear, 
presenting  the  real  character  of  the  prison- 
pens  of  the  Rebels,  in  better  form  than  was 
that  of  any  other  witness.     He  said : 

I  was  captured  by  the  Rebels,  Mav  3,  1863,  at  mid- 
night, on  a  hay  bale  in  the  Mississippi  River,  oppo- 
site Vicksburg.  After  confinement  in  six  different 
prisons  1  was  sent  to  Salisbury,  N.  C.  Feb.  3,  1864 
and  kept  there  until  December  18,  lSii4,  when  I  es- 
caped. For  months  Salisbury  was  the  most  en- 
durable prison  I  had  seen  ;  there  w  ere  600  inmates. 
They  were  exercised  in  the  open  air,  comparatively 


well  fed  and  kindly  treated.    Early  in  October  10,000 
regular  prisoners  of  war  arrived.     It  immediately 
changed  into  a  scene  of  cruelty  and  horror.     It  was 
densely  crowded.    Rations  were  cut  down  and  issued 
very  irregularly.     Friends  outside   could   not  even 
send  in  a  plate  of  food.     The  prisoners  suffered  con- 
stantly  and  often  intensely   for  want  of  bread  and 
shelter.     Those   who   had  to   live  or  die  on  prison 
rations,    always    suffered    from    hunger.    Very  fre- 
quentl}'   one  or  more  divisions  of  a  thousand   men 
would  receive   no    rations  for  24  hours,  sometimes 
were   without  a  morsel  of  food  for  40  hours.    A  few 
who  had  currency  would  pay  from  five  to  twenty  dol- 
lars in    Rebel   currency   for  a  little   loaf   of  bread. 
Many,  though  the  weather  was  very  iucleiuent,  and 
the   snow  frecjuent,  sold  the  coats  from  their  backs 
and  the   shoes   from   their  feet.     I    was  assured   on 
authority   entirely  trustworthy,   that  a  great   Com- 
missary warehouse   near  the  prison   was  filled  with 
Iirovisions.    That  the  Commissary  found  it  difficult  to 
find  storage   for  his  flour   and   meal.     That   when  a 
subordinate  asked  the  first  Commandant  Major  John 
H.  Gee,  "Shall  I  give  the  prisoners  full  rations?"  he 
replied:     "No,    G-d   d-n  them,  quarter  rations."    I 
know  hrjm  personal  observation  that  corn  anrl  pork 
are  very  abundant  in  the  region  about  Salisbury.  For 
weeks  the  prisoners  had  no  shelter  wdiatever.    They 
were  all  thinly  clad  ;  thousands  were  barefooted  ;  not 
(ine   in  twenty   had  an   overcoat  or  blanket ;  many 
hundreds   were   without  shirts,  and  hundreds  were 
without  blou.ses.     One  Sibley  tent  and  one  "A"  tent 
were  furnished  to  each  squad  of  one  hundred  ;  with 
the  closest  crowding  these   sheltered   about  half  the 
prisoners,  the    rest   burrowed  in  the  ground,    crept 
under  the  luiildings.  or  shivered  through  the  night  in 
the  open  air  upon  the  frozen  ground.     If  the  Rebels 
at  the  time  of  our  capture  had  not  stolen  our  shelter 
tents,   blankets,    clothing    and   money,    we    would 
have  suH'ei'cd  little  from  cold.     If  the  prison  authori- 
ties had   permitted   them   either  on  parole  or  under 
guard  to  cut  logs  within  two  miles  of  the  prison,  the 
prisoners  would  gladly  have  built   comfortable   and 
ample  barracks   in  one  week  ;  but  the  coiiniKUidaut 
would  not  consent ;  he  did  not  even  furnish  one-half 
of  the  fuel  needed.    The  hospitals  were  in  a  horrible 
condition;  more  than  half  who  entered  the  hospitals 
died  in  a  very  few  days;  the  deceased,  always  with- 
out coffins,  were  loaded  into  the   dead-cart,  piled  on 
each  other  like  logs  of  wood,  and  so  driven  out  to  be 
thrown  into  a  trench  and  covered   with  earth.    The 
Rebel  Surgeons  were  generally  humane  and  atten- 
tive, and  endeavored  to  improve  the  shocking  condi- 
tion of  the   hospitals,   but  the   Salisbury  and  Rich- 
mond   authorities    disregarded    their    protests.     On 
November  2.5.  many  of  the  prisoners  had  been  with- 
out food  for  48   hours,  and  were  desperate  ;  without 
any  mature  plan  a  few  of  them  said  :     "We  may  as 
well  die  in  one  way  as  another  ;  let  us  break  out- of 
this  horrible  place."    Some  of  them  wrested  the  guns 
from  a  relief  of  15  Rebel   Soldiers  just  entering  the 
yard,  killing  two  who  re.sisted,  and  wounding  five  or 
six  others,  and  attempted  to  open  the  fence,  but  they 
had  neither  adequate  tools  or  concert  of  action.     Be- 
fore they  could  effect  a  breach  every  gun  of  the  gar- 
rison was  turned   on  them,  tlie    field   pieces   opened 
with  grape  and  cannister,  and  they  dispersed  to  their 
quarters.     In  five   minutes   from  its  beginning  the 
attempt  was  quelled,  and  hardly  a  prisoner  was  to  be 
seen  in  the  yard.     The  rebels  "killed  in   all   sixteen 
and  wounded  sixty.     Not  one-tenth  of  the  prLsoners 
had  taken   part  in  the  attempt,   and   many   of  them 
were   Ignorant  of  it  until  they  heard  the  guns.     De- 
liberate cold-blooded  murders  of  peaceful  men,  where 
there  was  no  [iretense  that  they   were  breaking  any 
prison   regulation,  were   very    frequent.     Our   lives 
were  never  safe  for  one  moment ;  any  sentinel  at  any 
hour  of  the  day  or  night    could    deliberately  shoot 


IN  REBEL  HANDS. 


2G9 


down  any  prisoner,  or  fire  into  any  group  of  prison- 
ers, black  or  white,  and  would  never  be  taken  off  bis 
post  for  it.  I  left  about  0,500  remaininj,'  in  garrison 
on  December  bsth,  and  they  were  then  dying  at  the 
rate  of  '28  per  day,  or  b!  per  cent,  per  month.  The 
simple  truth  is,  that  the  Kebel  authorities  are  murder- 
ing our  Soldiers  at  Salisbury,  by  cold  and  hunger, 
while  they  might  easily  supply  them  with  amiile 
food  and  fuel.  They  are  doing  this  systematically, 
and  I  believe  are  killing  them  intentionally,  for  the 
purpose  either  of  forcing  our  Government  to  an  ex- 
change or  forcing  our  men  into  the  Reliel  army. 

The  following  Soldiers  died  while  impris- 
oned at  Jacksouville,  Florida,  at  tiie  dates 
named  : 

mth  Ohio-h.  S.Russell,  Co.  B,  Julv  10,  18(14;  Wm. 
Wickham,  Co.  B,  Jan.  29,  1864;  D.  B.  Clark,  Co.  I), 
June  6,  1804;  D.  Stephenson,  Co.  B,  July  it,  1804;  M. 
G.  Crane,  Co.  B,  May  7,  1804;  S.  Jones.  Co.  B,  July 
24,    1804;  AVni.    Facef^  Co.  K,  April  18,   1804;  M.  (i. 

Burns,  to.  B,   July  14,  ISO.S;  Anderson,   Co.  B, 

June  7,  1804. 

hmih  Ohio—R.  N.  Foster,  Co.  A,  March  30,  1804;  Abe 
tiardner,  Co.  A,  IMarch  oO,  1804;  Michael  Sull,  Co. 
K,  March  IS,  1804;  il.  Pierce,  Co.  A,  July  19,  1804; 
Geo.  Amos,  Co.  C,  May  15,  1805;  C.  Smith,  Co.  A,  May 
18,  1804;  Samuel  Greek,  Co.  C,  April  22,  1864;  J.  A. 
Wealing,  Co.  K,  May  29,  1804;  H.  Stevens,  Co.  B, 
June  1,  1804;  Jas.  Logan,  Co.  K,  May  29,  1864. 

iillh   Ohio- John  Reamer,  Co.  E,  April  28,  1864. 

Uth  Ohio— J.  G.  Conrad,  Co.  O,  July  14,  1804. 

Soldiers  who  died  at  Dauvillo,  Va.: 

2i.s(  Ohio— J.  R.  Wilfong,  Co.  G,  August  6,  1804;  E. 
Punsell,  Co.  K,  April  20,  1864;  G.  Main,  Co.  F,  April :!, 
1864;  J.  Travis,  Co.  F,  April  1,  1864;  C.  B.  Scott,  Co. 
K,  March  23,  1864;  J.  Morehead,  Co.  C,  Dec.  20,  1863; 
F.  Henry,  Co.  G,  Dec.  15,  1803;  W.  Cummings,  Co.  G, 
March  7,  1804;  J.  McFerrin,  Co.  K;  R.  Ireland.  Co.  C, 
Jan.  21,  1804;  F.  M.  Krill,  Co.  H,  Jan.  10,  1864;  H. 
Copus,  C'o.  G. 

■\'.)lh  Ohio—G.  R.  Debolt,  Co.  K,  April  14,  1864. 

?>Sth  Oldo—\.  Austerman,  Co.  C,  i\Iarcli  9.  1804. 

\Ath.  Ohio— II.  Townsend;  A.Nicholson,  Co.  F. 

From  September  12,  to  November  14,  18G4, 
the  following  deaths  occurred  in  the  Savannah 
Prison  Hospital : 

S.  Fraxler,  100th  ().  V.  I.;  Jas.  Ace,  Co.  G,  10th  O. 
V.  C;  C.  Gordon,  S.  Overeyeas,  and  J.  C.  Berrv,  72d 
O.  V.  I.;  J.  McCabe,  Co.  A,  25th  O.  V.  I. 

Deaths  at  Charleston,  in  December,  1864: 

Lieut.  S.  P.  Harnley,  100th  O.  V.  I.;  Lieut.  B. 
Gilmer,  72d  0.  V.  I.;  ('apt.  B.  F.  Ewers  and  John 
Miller,  100th  O.  V.  1. 

In  Ajiril,  1865,  was  published  a  list  of  Ohio 
Soldiers  wlio  had  died  at  Anders<jnville,  which 
includes  the  following  names  : 

14(/i  0/i(o— Wm.  Samse,  Co.  H;  0.  Halbert,  Co.  A; 
Corporal  Wm.  Gaunt,  Co.  I;  ^M.  Lutz,  C'o.  C;  F.  Spegle, 
Co.  D;  Sergeant  G.  E.  Church,  Co.  C;  C.  Bruhning, 
Co.  G;  J.  Warner,  Co.  C;  S.  McComb,  Co.  K;  Eli 
Burchtield,  Co.  G;  H.  Vanfleet,  Co.  I;  J.  Cepp,  Co.  I; 
II.  Waldron,  Co.  A. 

100(/i  Ohio — Corporal  H.  Price,  Co.  A;  Sergeant  P. 
H.  Holly,  B;  R.  M.  Foster,  A;  M.  Still,  H;  M.  R.  Met- 
calf,  E;  H.  Stephens,  E;  John  Lovely,  K;  C.  Fowler, 


A;  Geo.  Beaver,  C;  Geo.  Amea,  K;  C.  Smith,  A;  Jos. 
AVentling,  K;  II.  Benor.  E;  E.  W.  Ostrander,  H;  j". 
M.  Zuber,  B. 

llU/i  0/m'o— Wm.  Wickham,  Co.  B;  Wm.  Facar  K- 
N.  Cros.ser,  C;  D.  Meek,  K;  J.  W.  Swineheart,  B;'  1)! 
V.  Clark.  B;  A.  K.  Kaney,  B;  Corp.  S.  Hudison,  B;  I). 
Stevenson,  B;  L.  T.  Ku.ssell,  15;  S.  J<]nes,  P,;  J.  Strven- 
son,  B;  K.Cline,B;  J.  Decker.  B;  Corii.  \V.  Demmin" 
B;  G.  L.  Brown,  A;  R.  Meek,  K.  '^' 

21s(  0/iio— Sergt.  Geo.  Mc.Murry,  Co.  G;  J.  Harrison 
I;  Sergt.  S.  Hull.  E;  G.  Pratt,  G;  A.  H.  Phoenix,  ll'; 
Sergt.  G.  Smith;  J.  Lindsay,  D;  A.  Arnubrish,  D; 
Corp.  P.  L.  Gingere,  Vy,  Corp.  .S.  Marshall,  G;'  II' 
Riggs,  H;  C.  Meyer,  I;  J.  Night.  E;  E.  Kelley,  D; 
(^eo.  H.  Reid,  H;  G.  Jolly,  K;  Wm.  Ilibbett,  D;  A. 
T.  Manahan,  D;  H.  G.  Watson,  A;  M.  Fanaman  E- 
G.  Caswell,  C;  \V.  Patten,  D;  P.  S.  Davidson,  K-  f' 
Pinert,  C;  E.  Whiting,  K;  Sergt.  E.  W.  lirown,  E-'ira 
Ward,  H;  A.  Gary,  A;  H.  M.  Clark.  A;  Wm.  Forrest, 
k;  G.  H.  Morrison,  H;  J.  Powers.  K. 

72rf  Ohio— A.  Almond,  Co.  A;  M.  J.  Stanner,  F:  M. 
Perrin,  A;  G.  H.  Lowe,  C;  H.  Potter,  E;  P.  Sopser,  G; 
John  Pur.sell,  D;  O.  Hudwell,  C;  L.  Wentworth,  A; 
H.  Sturdevant,  A;  Corpl.  N.  S.  Ilains,  C;  J.  Ross,'  H; 
S.  Blackman,  G;  C.  Fraukinhurg,  G;  M.  Weaver,  H; 
Wm.  Hinton,  A;  II.  Shook,  F;  N.  J.  Zink,  E;  M. 
Lockner.  E;  Corpl.  F.  Stodler,  E;  P.  Donahue,  K; 
S.  Jackson,  E. 

•27lh  Ohio— P.  M.  McClaine,  Co.  A;  A.  (iilland,  F. 

07//i  Ohio — Corpoi-al  J.  Kenny,  Co.  E. 

08(/»  Ohio — A.  Colemam,  Co.  K;  R.  Maymene.  D. 

3d  Ohio  Cavalry— Ed.  Niver,  Co.  I;  J.  W.  Rex,  K; 
H.  Ferguson,  D;  J.  B.  Jones,  M. 

In  the  same  month  Col.  H.  O.  Bayerson,  of 
tiie  18th  New  Jersey  Volunteer  Infaiiti'}-,  fui'- 
nished  a  list  of  Union  Soldiers  dying  in  Con- 
federate prisons,  which  contained  the  followitig 
names  : 

L.  Doran,  Co.  B,  lOOth  O.  V.  I.;  Oct.  12,  18(i4. 
J.  Carey,  K,  47th  O.  V.  I.;  Oct.  13.  1804. 
Corporal  G.  Freeman,  3d  O.  V.  C;  Oct.  10,  18ii4 

E.  Hener,  A,  123<1  O.  V.  I.;  Oct.  23,  1804. 

J.  Hutchison,  A,  72d  O.  V.  I.;  Oct.  31,  1804. 

J.  Watson,  A,  3d  O.  V.  C;  Nov.  1,  1804. 

C.  P.  Holloway,  F,  Uth  O.  V.  L;  Nov.  3,  1,SG4. 

J.  John.son,  F,  72d  O.  V.  I.;  Nov.  9,  1864. 

Wm.  Harker,  A,  3stli  O.  V.  I.;  Nov.  13,  1804. 

I'.  Walters,  72d  O.  V.  I.;  Nov.  15,  1804. 

G.  Gardner,  G,  Uth  O.  V.  I.;  Nov.  19,  1804. 

C.  Sweeney,  F,  lOOth  O.  V.  I.;  Nov.  24,  1804. 

Corpl.  H.  Bayden,  E,  3d  O.  V.  (,'.;  Dec.  11.  1804. 

J.  Bishop,  21st  O.  V.  I.;  Dec.  14,  ]8()4. 

L.  Hawk,  H,  72d  O.  V.  I.;  Jan.  16,  1805. 

J.  Walter,  D,  72d  0.  V.  I.;  Jan.  23,  1805. 

Sergt.  I.  Reed,  F,  123d  O.  V.  I.;  Feb.  10,  1S(!5. 

J.  W.  Bishop,  K,  49th  O.  V.  I.;  Feb.  10.  1805. 

P.  Atwater,  K,  123d  O.  V.  I.;  Feb.  10,  1865. 

C.  Sheller,  D,  72d  O.  V.  I.;  Feb.  18,  1865. 

C.  Piper,  D,  72d  O.  V.  I.;  Feb.  19,  1805. 

S.  Patterson,  F,  72d  O.  V.  I.;  Oct.  8,  I8(i4. 

S.  Delorine,  D,  3d  O.  V.  C;  Oct.  8, 1804. 

J.  Hammershaugh,  D,  8th  O.  V.  I.;  Oct.  9,  1864. 

S.  Taylor,  I,  3d  O.  V.  C;  Feb.  1,  18(i.5. 

F.  Smith,  I,  3d  O.  V.  C;  Feb.  2,  1865. 
J.  Porter,  14tli  O.  V.  I.;  Feb.  3,  1865. 

An  official  list  of  all  Ohio  Soldiers  who 
were  buried  in  the  Cemetery  at  Andersonville, 
Ga.,  up  to  October,  1885,  contained  the  fol- 
lowing named  members  of  Regiments  in  wiiiidi 
Lucas  County  wa.s  represented.     The   number 


270 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


preceding  the  name  iiulieates   the  grave,  and 
the  date  the  time  of  death  : 

W.  Hall,  A,  14th  O.  V.  I.;  March  11, 1864. 

Steele,  K,  100th  (>.  V.  I.;  March  18,  1804. 

K.  Metcalf,  K,  100th  O.V.  I.;  :\Iardi  19,  lS(i4. 
.  Wickbaui,  H,  1 11th  O.  V.  I.;  Mar.  30,  1804. 

Stevens,  B,  lOOth  O.  V.  I.;  March  ;51,  1864. 

M.  Foster,  A,  100th  U.  V.  I.;  April  3,  1864. 
.  Franci.'*,  K,  11th  O.  V.  I.;  April  18,  1864. 

Beaver,  B,  11th  O.  V.  I.;  April  23,  1864. 

Greek,  C,  lOOth  0.  V.  I.;  April  23,  1864. 
Kenney,  Corp..  E,  67Ui  O.V.  I.;  Apr.  27,  '64. 

Crossar,  B,  111th  O.  V.  I.;  May  6,  1864. 
.  C.  Corley,  B,  111th  O.  V.  1.;  May  8,  1864. 

Mack,  K,"  111th  O.  V.  I.;  May  10,  1864. 
.  Sames,  H,  14tli  O.  V.  1.;  May  19, 1864. 
Wentling,  K,  lOOth  O.V.  I.;  May 28,  1864. 

Clark,  B,  111th  O.  V.  I.;  June  7,  1864. 

Anderson,  B,  lUth  O.V.  I.;  June  7,  1864. 
W.  Ostrander,  H,  100th  O.V. I.;  June  20,'64. 
F.  Decker,  B,  111th  O.  V.  I.;  June  21,  1864. 
Halbert,  H,  14th  ().  V.  I.;  Julv  2,  1864. 
Hudison,  Corp.,  B,  111th  O.V.I. ;  July  3, '64. 
M.  Zuher,  B.  100th  0.  V.  I.;  July  12.  1864. 
.  Garnet,  Corp.,  I,  14th  O.  V.  I.;  July  13,'64. 

G.  Burns,  D,  1 11th  0.  V.  I.;  July  14,  1864. 
Q.  A.  Connand,  G,  14th  O.  V.  I.;  July  14, '64. 

Pierce,  A.  100th  O.  V.  I.;  July  18,  1864. 
T.  Russell,   B,  111th  O.  V.  I.;  July  19,  1864. 
Jones,  B,  111th  0.  V.  I.;  Julv  24,1864. 
Mie,  Corp..  B,  111th  O.  V.  I.;  Aug.  4,  1864. 

Martin,  L,  3d  0.  V.C;  August  .5,  1864. 
Charles,  A,   100th  O.  V.  I.;  August  9,  1864. 
Stevenson,  B,  lUth  O.  V.  I.;  Aug.  11,  1864. 

Spiegle.  D,  14th  O.  V.  I.;  Aug.  11, 1864. 
Schem,  K,  11 1th  O.V.  I.;  Aug.  11,1864. 

Cline,  B,  lUth  O.  V.  I.;  Aug.  17,  1864. 


3.5. 

J. 

58. 

M. 

60. 

M. 

185. 

W. 

2o0. 

H. 

311. 

E. 

636. 

W 

Gfll. 

G. 

693. 

S. 

71)5. 

J. 

928. 

M. 

965. 

W 

998. 

D. 

1,160. 

W 

1,449. 

S.  ^ 

I,(i79. 

D. 

1,724. 

D. 

2,245. 

E. 

2,251. 

B. 

2,775. 

C. 

2,842. 

J. 

3,225. 

J. 

3,251. 

w. 

3,299. 

M. 

3,307. 

J.( 

3,555. 

H. 

3,613. 

S.  ' 

3,903. 

s. 

4,688. 

J. 

4,789. 

D. 

5,105. 

F. 

5,287. 

J. 

5,330. 

F. 

5,373. 

J. 

6,022. 

II. 

6,043. 

J. 

6,108. 

G. 

6,1-52. 

G. 

7,490. 

0. 

7,8.30. 

V. 

8,396. 

J. 

9,225. 

H. 

9,241. 

J. 

9,3.58. 

J. 

9,530. 

C. 

9,700. 

J. 

9,897. 

E. 

1(1,472. 

H. 

10,834. 

J. 

11,034. 

H. 

12,042. 

J. 

12,772. 

W 

Decker,  B,  111th  O.  V.  I.;  Aug.  18,  1864. 

E.  Church,  Sergt.,C,  14th  O.V.L;  Aug.lS.'64. 

L.  Brown,  F,  111th  O.  V.  I.;  Aug.  19,  1864. 

Burning,  G,  14th  O.  V.  I.;  Sept.  1,  1864. 

H.  Halley,  Sergt.,B,  100th  O.V.L;  Sept.4,'64. 
Warner.  G,  14th  O.  V.  I.;  Sept.  10, 1864. 

Ferguson,  D,  3d  0.  V.  C;  Sept.  19,  1864. 
P.  McComb,  II,  14th  0.  V.  I.;  Sept.  19, 1864. 
Lovelv,  K,  100th  0.  V.  I.;  Sept.  20,  1864. 
Fowler,  A,  100th  0.  V.  I.;  Sept.  22,  1864. 
B.  Jones,  M,  3d  O.  V.  C;  Sept.  24,  1864. 

Bnrchlield,  14th  O.  V.  1.;  Sept.  27,  1864. 
.  Vanebert,  C,  14th  O.  V.  I.;  Oct.  7,  1864. 
Cepp,  I,  14tli  O.  V.  I.;  Oct.  12,  1864. 

Waldvin,  A,  14th  O.  V.  I.;  Oct.  16,  1864. 
Wickhani,   H,  14th  O.  V.  I.;   Nov.  16,  1864. 
.  H.  Bowers,  A,  100th  0.  V.  I.;  Mar.  13,  18(i4. 

Ransom's  History  of  Andersonville  con- 
clude.s  with  the  following  summary,  taken  from 
a  report  prepared  by  a  Eebel  Prison  lnsj)eetor, 
Dr.  Joseph  Jones,  Surgeon  P.  A.  C.  S.: 

''The  variation  from  month  to  month  of  the  pro- 
portion of  deaths  to  the  whole  number  of  living  is 
singular  and  interesting.  It  supports  the  theory  I 
have  advanced  above,  as  the  following  facts  taken 
from  the  official  report,  will  show  : 

"In  April,  1  in  every  16  died. 
"  In  May,  1  in  every  26  died. 
"  In  June,  1  in  every  22  died. 
"  In  July,  1  in  every  IS  died. 
"  In  August,  1  in  every  11  died, 
"  In  September,  1  in  every  3  died. 
"  In  October,  1  in  every  2  died. 
''  In  Novemlier,  1  in  every  3  died." 


CHAPTER    XIII. 


.lOIINSON  S    ISLAND. 


EAELY  in  1862,  the  Government  leased  of 
L.  B.  Johnson,  a  portion  of  the  Island  in 
the  Bay,  opposite  Sandusky,  for  use  as  a  dejjot 
fcir  Tiebel  officers  held  as  prisoners  of  War.  The 
number  of  these  there  during  that  year  ranged 
from  444  in  April,  to  1,452  in  August,  and  209 
in  December;  in  18G3,  the  numbers  varied 
from  308  in  Januarj',  40  in  May,  to  2,(323  in  De- 
cember ;  in  1864,  from  2,603  for  January,  and 
2,441  in  July,  to  3,209  in  December.  These 
included  every  grade  of  officers,  from  Second 
Lieutenant  to  Major-General,  and  enough  of 
these  for  an  army  of  80,000  men.  From  the 
opening  of  the  prison,  April  9,  1862,  to  Feb- 
ruary 10, 1865,  there  were  received  7,771  prison- 
ers, of  whom  210  only,  or  less  than  3  per  cent, 
had  died,  which  was  only  about  one-tenth  of  the 
number  of  Union  Soldiers  reported  as  dying 
in  the  Rebel  prison  at  Salisbury,  North  Caro- 
lina, alone,  in  one  month.  The  daily  rations 
allowed  at  Johnson's  Island  were  10  ounces 
flour  or  soft  bread,  or  10  ounces  hard  bread  in 
lieu  thereof,  or  16  ounces  corn  meal,  in  lieu  of 
bread  ;  14  ounces  salt  or  fresh  beef,  or  10  ounces 
pork  or  bacon  in  lien  thereof;  12^  jjounds  beans 
or  peas,  or  8  pounds  rice  or  hominy  to  100  ra- 
tions, 2  pounds  soap,  2  quarts  vinegar,  and  2 
pounds  salt,  with  occasionally  jjotatoes,  onions 
or  other  vegetables.  The  sick  upon  the  Sur- 
geon's order  were  entitled  to  coffee,  tea  and 
sugar.  With  all  which  was  allowed  whatever 
the  prisoner  might  receive  or  purchase.  Some 
of  those  who  came  from  the  long  siege  at  Port 
Hudson,  Mi88is8i23l5i,  had  cultivated  such  taste 
for  rats,  that  they  unhesitatingly  expressed  a 
relish  for  such  food,  as  preferable  to  squirrel. 

A  Masonic  Association  was  organized,  which 
attended  upon  all  members  requiring  care. 
Such  ample  provision  of  heathful  food  and  such 
freedom  in  action,  are  in  strange  contrast  with 
the  experience  of  Union  Soldiers  in  Eebel 
prisons.* 


The  prisoners  at  the  Island  May  12,  1865, 
consisted  of  two  Brigadier  Generals,  42  Col- 
onels, 49  Lieutenant  Colonels,  60  Majors,  627 
Captains,  1,919  Lieutenants,  2  Surgeons,  17  As- 
sistants, 8  Chaplains,  44  Navy  officers,  96  en- 
listed men,  7  citizens,  and  2  deserters.  Of  these 
upon  their  discharge,  under  order  of  President 
Johnson,  but  three  refused  to  take  the  oath  of 
allegiance.  The  proximity  of  the  Island  to 
Canada,  together  with  the  strong  sympatli}- 
existing  there  toward  the  Rebel  cause,  encour- 
aged the  prisoners  and  their  friends  to  plans  of 
release,  and  also  stimulated  efforts  on  the  part 
of  the  Confederate  authorities  toward  ferment- 
ing collision  between  the  LTnited  States  and 
Great  Britain.  Beside  these  sources  of  hope, 
were  the  known  interest  and  activity  in  behalf 
of  the  prisoners  on  the  ]iart  of  the  "  Knights  of 
the  Golden  Circle"  and  the  "  Sons  of  Liberty," 
secret  organizations  of  disloyal  citizens  of  the 
North  and  chiefly  in  the  Western  States.  These 
different  influences  kept  the  prisoners  con- 
stantly busy  in  devising  ways  and  means  for 
escape,  and  their  guard  as  vigilant  in  watching 

Rebel  prisoners  of  War,  and  of  rations  issueil  by  the 
Confederate  Government  to  Union  prisoners,  will  be 
found  fitting,  as  showing  the  difference  in  the  same, 
to-wit : 


■^  In  this  connection  the  following  statement  by 
Mr.  A.  M.  Davidson  (believed  to  be  reliable)  of  the 
rations  issued  by  the  United  States  Government  to 

[271] 


One  ration  issued  by  United 
States  Government  per  day, 
to  Rebel  prisoners  of  War : 

Hard  Bread 14  oz,  or 

Soft  Bread 18  oz,  or 

Corn  Meal 18  oz. 

Beef 14  oz,  or 

Baeon  or  Pork 10  oz. 

White  Beans 1-M  qt. 

Hominy  or  Eice 17-25oz. 

Sugar.. 2  1-40Z. 

Rio  Coffee 1  1-8  oz. 

Tea 2  3-4  dr. 

Hard  Soap 2-3     dr. 

Candles,  Adam't 1-20      or 

Candles,  Tallow 1-16 

Salt 1-50  qt. 

Molasses 1-100  qt. 

Potatoes .    .  3-10  lb. 

Vinegar 32-lUO  gl. 

Clothing  issued  by  the  United 
States  to  Rebel  "prisoners  at 
Fort  Delaware  from  Sept.  1, 
1803,  to  May  1, 1864  : 

Overcoats --. 2.680 

Jackets  and  Coats 1,094 

Flannel  Shirts 6,2('iO 

Pants 1,310 

Drawers 7,175 

Pairs  Woolen  Socks 8,807 

Pairs  Bootees 3,840 

Woolen  Blankets 4,387 


One  ration  issued  by  Confed- 
erate Ciovcrnraent  per  day, 
to  Union  Prisoners  of  War: 


Corn  Meal,  unbolted.  9  oz. 

Beef 4  oz.   or 

Bacon 4  oz. 

Peas 1-16  qt. 

Rice 1  oz. 


Soft  Soap 1-32  dr. 

•Salt 1-100  qt 

Molasses 1-300  qt 


Clothing  issued  by  Confeder- 
ates to  Union  Prisoners  in  all 
places  from  September,  18Ki, 
to  November,  1861 ; 
None. 


272 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


their  movements.  Several  alarms  occurred,  in 
approluMi.sion  of  attempts  by  prisoners  or  from 
outside,  for  the  liheratitm  of  tiie  Rebel  inmates. 
November  11,  lS(i8,  Mayor  Dorr,  of  Toledo,  re- 
ceived from  Secretary  Stanton  a  dispatch,  to  the 
effect  that  Lord  Lyons,  the  Briti-sh  Minister  at 
Washington,  had  given  warning  of  an  alleged 
plot  on  part  of  Confederates  and  refugees  in 
Canada,  to  invade  the  United  States  and  de- 
stroy the  City  of  Buffalo— that  they  proposed 
to  seize  Steamboats,  liberate  the  prisoners  on 
Joiinson's  Island,  and  with  them  attack  Buf- 
falo. Upon  receipt  of  such  information,  a 
meeting  of  the  Toledo  Board  of  Trade  was  held, 
with  Harry  Chase,  President,  in  the  chair.  The 
Secretary's  dispatch  being  read,  on  motion  of 
Almon  Hopkins,  a  committee,  consisting  of 
the  Mayor,  General  J.  B.  Steedman,  C.  A.  King, 
M.  R.  Waite,  Matthew  Brown,  M.  D.  Carring- 
toii  and  D.  B.  Smith,  were  appointed  to  make 
arrangements  for  such  police  regulations  as 
might  be  found  necessary.  This  committee 
recommended  a  special  meeting  of  the  City 
Council,  that  provision  might  be  made  for  a 
battery  for  the  protection  of  the  harbor  ;  that 
10  or  12  policemen  patrol  the  docks  in  the  City 
during  the  exigency,  and  that  Colonel  C.  B. 
Phillips  take  measures  to  have  his  Regiment  in 
readiness  to  act  at  a  moment's  notice.  The 
City  at  once  made  provision  for  chartering  "  a 
fast  tug  to  patrol  the  Ba}-  and  the  head  of  the 
Lake,'' and  for  speeial  police  service.  The  ap- 
prehended invasion  did  not  take  place. 

The  most  serious  movement  toward  the  lib- 
eration of  the  Confederates  on  Johnson's  Island 
culminated  on  the  19th  September,  18G4,  when 
a  desperate  attempt  was  made  by  outside 
parties.  The  scheme  is  shown  in»the  following 
statement :  The  steamer  Philo  Parsons,  Captain 
S.  F.  Atwood,  left  Detroit  on  her  regular  trip 
for  Sandusky,  at  8  A.  m.  At  Sandwich,  Canada, 
a  number  of  passengers  got  on  board,  and  more 
at  Maiden,  making  in  all,  35  or  40.  They  had 
more  or  less  of  baggage.  Nothing  occurred  to 
attract  attention  to  these  men,  until  the  boat 
had  leftKelley's  Island  (some  three  miles  from 
John.son's  Island),  when  they  went  to  their 
rooms  and  soon  returned,  dressed  in  long  coats, 
completely  concealing  their  persons.  Under 
orders  from  a  leader,  they  were  so  stationed 
as  to  command  the  Boat,  and  then  the  officers 
and  crew  were  notified  that  they  were  prisoners 
of  War,  and  that  the  Boat  was  in  jjossession  of 


Captain  Allen,  of  the  Confederate  Navy.  The 
disguise  of  the  men  being  now  removed,  re- 
vealed them  armed  with  two  Navy  revolvers, 
a  bow  ie-kniCe  and  a  hatchet  each.  It  was  also 
found,  that  tliey  were  provided  with  grap];)ling 
irons  for  scaling  vessels.  The  Captain  and  his 
men  were  told  that  on  any  attempt  at  resist- 
ance, their  brains  would  be  blown  out,  while  two 
of  the  pii'ates  stood  by  the  wheelsman  with  four 
pistols  drawn,  directing  him  in  what  direction 
to  steer.  After  getting  possession,  instead  of 
entering  the  Bay,  the  pirates  passed  on  down 
the  Lake  some  five  miles  I'rom  the  Island,  when 
they  turned  around,  and  passing  Kelley's,  went 
back  to  Middle  Bass  Island.  The  vSteamer 
Island  Queen,  Captain  Orr,  had  left  vSandusky 
at  3  p.  M.  for  Toledo,  and  stopped  at  Kelley's 
Island  for  30  or  40  men  of  Captain  Webb's 
Company,  One  Hundred  and  Thirtieth  Ohio, 
just  returned  from  their  100-days'  service  in 
Virginia.  They  were  without  arms.  The 
Queen  stopped  at  Middle  Bass,  alongside  of 
the  Parsons,  and  commenced  getting  out  her 
plank,  with  the  view  of  passing  freight  across 
the  Parsons  to  the  dock,  when  she  was  sud- 
denly boarded  b}'  20  armed  men,  who  notified 
all  on  board,  that  they  were  prisoners  of  War, 
and  were  ordered  on  board  the  Parsons,  the 
ladies  and  children  being  allowed  to  go  on 
shore.  The  Soldiers  were  all  paroled  as  Con- 
federate prisoners  of  War,  and  the  balance  of 
the  passengers  of  both  Boats  sw^orn  to  secrecy 
for  24  hours,  when  thej'  were  permitted  to 
land.  The  two  Steamers  were  then  lashed  to- 
gether and  started  for  Sandusky.  About  five 
miles  below  Put-in  Bay,  the  pirates  broke  off 
the  water-cock  of  the  pony-engine  of  the 
Queen,  leaving  a  hole  of  about  four  inches  in 
her  side,  when  she  was  cast  off,  and  left  to 
sink.  The  Parsons  then  passed  on  and  cruised 
about  the  mouth  of  Sandusky  Bay  for  some 
time,  as  if  watching  for  a  signal  inside,  and  then 
took  the  course  for  Detroit  River.  While  hov- 
ering about  the  Bay,  the  pirates  were  heard 
discussing  earnestly  among  themselves  the 
probability  of  their  being  able  to  capture  the 
United  States  Steamer  Michigan,  lying  at 
Johnson's  Island — some  claiming  it  could  be 
done,  and  others  that  it  would  be  utter  mad- 
ness to  attempt  it.  Captain  Orr,  who  jet 
remaiTied  on  board,  was  of  the  opinion  that  the 
scheme  was  embarrassed  by  lack  of  expected 
co-oj)eration  on  the  jjart  of  accom2ilices  in  the 


JOHNSON'S  ISLAND. 


273 


Bay.  The  Parsons,  on  reaching  Detroit  Uiver, 
took  the  British  channel  and  stopped  at  Fight- 
ing Island,  where  Captain  Orr,  Wm.  Hamilton, 
Clerk,  and  Mr.  Haynes,  Engineer  of  the  (iueen, 
and  part  of  the  Parsons'  crew,  were  landed. 
She  then  passed  on  to  a  dock  up  the  River. 
The  Queen  was  stripped  of  everything  deemed 
of  value  to  the  pirate.s,  and  all  movable  articles 
on  the  Parson.s  were  gathered  ready  for  removal. 
Subsequent  information  left  no  doubt  that  the 
plan  was  for  the  Parsons  to  arrive  off  the  mouth 
of  the  Bay  about  the  time  the  trains  were  due 
on  the  Southern  Railroads,  each  of  which  to 
bring  co-operating  forces,  when  a  signal  from 
Sandusky  was  to  indicate  that  ever^'thing  was 
in  readiness  for  operations ;  and  it  was  the 
failure  of  such  signal,  that  led  Allen  to  give  up 
the  attempt,  return  to  tlie  Detroit  River  and 
abandon  the  wliole  enterprise.  The  incoming 
trains  were  examined  and  more  or  less  of  the 
passengers  arrested.  A  suspicious  character, 
named  C.  H.  Cole,  who  had  been  boarding  at 
the  West  House,  Sandusky,  was  arrested.  He 
was  said  to  have  received  remittances  of  gold 
from  the  Confederate  authorities,  and  it  was 
the  common  belief,  that  he  was  relied  upon  for 
organizing  the  land  co-operation  with  Allen. 
Revelations  made  by  Cole,  led  to  the  arrest  of 
several  citizens  of  Sandusky.  An  examination 
took  place  before  United  States  Commissioner 
White,  from  Cleveland,  resulting  in  the  holding 
for  trial  of  Cole,  and  J.  B.  Merrick  and  F. 
Rosenthal,  of  Sandusky,  and  a  man  named 
Robinson,  found  on  board  the  Michigan,  and 
the  discharge  of  others.  The  cases  never  came 
to  trial.  On  the  night  of  December  12,  18G4, 
by  concerted  arrangement,  a  rush  was  made  by 
24  prisoners  upon  the  center  of  the  guard-line 
on  the  Northwest  side  of  the  prison.  The 
prisoners  had  improvised  eight  scaling-ladders, 
by  attaching  cleats  to  boards  and  strips,  being 


light  and  easily  carried.  The  rush  upon  the 
guard  at  once  occasioned  alarm,  but  the  move- 
ment was  so  sudden  and  desperate,  that  four  of 
the  men  were  enabled  to  escape.  One,  Lieu- 
tenant John  B.  Bowles,  son  of  the  President  of 
a  Louisville  Bank,  was  shot  and  killed.  One 
of  the  raiding  party,  Bennet  G.  Barley,  was 
subsequently  arrested  in  Canada,  returned  to 
this  State,  and  tried  in  the  Common  JMeas 
Court  at  Port  Clinton,  on  the  charge  of  rob- 
bery, in  forcibly  taking  the  watch  of  W.  O. 
Ashlej',  the  Clerk  of  the  Steamer  Parsons.  In 
bar  of  proceedings,  was  pleaded  the  fact  tliat 
defendant  was  the  authorized  agent  and  acting 
under  the  directions  of  the  Confederate  Gov- 
ernment, in  all  that  he  did,  and  that  he  did 
nothing  not  warranted  by  the  laws  and  usages 
of  War.  Judge  John  Pitch,  presiding,  held  that 
the  Confederate  States  were,  at  the  time  named, 
a  Government  rte/ac<o,  exercising  sovereigntj', 
and  being  in  a  state  of  War  with  the  Federal 
Government;  and  hence  the  defendant  could 
not  be  held  amenable  under  the  civil  lavvs  for 
acts  performed  under  authority  of  the  Con- 
federate Government.  The  Court  cited,  in 
support  of  such  opinion,  the  fact  that  the 
United  States  had  uniformly  recognized  the 
Confederate  Government  as  belligerent,  and 
treated  its  Soldiers  and  agents  as  prisoners  of 
War.  The  Court,  however,  held,  that  in  case 
the  jury  should  believe  that  the  taking  of 
Ashley's  watch  was  for  the  personal  benefit  of 
defendant,  and  not  in  the  interest  of  the  Con- 
federate Government,  he  was  punishable  under 
the  State  laws.  The  result  was  a  disagreement 
of  the  jury,  which  stood,  eight  for  guilty  and 
four  for  not  guilty.  The  case  was  understood 
to  be  without  precedent,  and  the  re.sult  was 
accordingly  of  general  interest.  The  ruling 
of  Judge  Fitch  was  generally  accepted  as 
correct. 


IH 


APPENDIX    TO   CHAPTER   II. 

ONE    HUNDRED    AND    EIGHTY-SECOND    BEGEHENT,    OHIO    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 


THIS  was  a  one-year  Kegimeut.  Companies 
A,  B,D,  F  and  K  were  raised  in  Toledo, 
and  the  balance  in  Adams  and  Madison  Counties. 
The  Lucas  County  Companies  were  recruited  by 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Chase.  The  Eegiment  was 
organized  at  Camp  Chase,  October  28,  18G4. 
November  Ist  it  moved  to  Nashville,  Tennes- 
see, and  joined  General  Sherman's  forces  at 
that  place  November  6th.  Some  weeks  were 
spent  in  necessary  drilling,  for  which  oppor- 
tunity had  not  been  afforded.  In  December, 
1864,  Hood's  Eebel  Army  appeared  before 
Nashville,  when  the  battle  of  Nashville  oc- 
curred, in  which  the  One  Hundred  and  Eighty- 
Second  Ohio  took  a  prominent  and  honorable 
part.  It  was  retained  at  Nashville  for  guard 
and  provost  duty  until  July,  1865,  when  it  was 
mustered  out  and  returned  to  Camp  Chase, 
where,  July  l.S,  it  was  paid  off  and  discharged. 
Although  comparatively  limited  opportunities 
for  active  service  were  given  this  Regiment, 
they  were  sufficient  to  show  the  qualities  of  its 
men  in  courage,  zeal  and  competency. 

PARTIAL    ROSTER. 

Following  is  as  complete  a  roster  of  the  Lucas 
County  members  as  may  be  prepai'ed  from  the 
muster-out  rolls  of  the  Regiment : 


Navie. 

Rank. 

Date  0/  Sank. 

Lewis  Butler   ...     _ 

Colonel. 
Lt.-Colonel. 

Oct.  2.5,  1804. 

John  A.  Chase 

Oct.  S,  lS(i4. 

Wm.  W.  West 

Major. 

Oct.  27,  1S(!4. 

Amos  Whisson 

" 

Feb.  2.3,  1.S6.5. 

Milton  Valentine 

■  Surgeon. 

Oct.  29,  ],S(i4. 

George  Cassady 

" 

March  31,1865. 

Abraham  H.  Her 

Asst.  Surgeon. 

Oct.  9,  1864. 

Peter  Willett. 

11    ° 

Oct.  19   1864 

Thomas  8.  Thompson. 

April  10,  186.5. 

Jesse  Burk.„ 

Captain. 

Oct.  1,  18()4. 

Henry  C.  Roenier.. 

Oct.  1,  18()4. 

Amos  Whisson 

(( 

Oct.  1,  1864. 

Daniel  A.  Terry 

(( 

Oct.  8,  1864. 

Warren  W.  Cooke.. 

" 

Oct.  8,  1864. 

Wm.  C.  Coslet...     ... 

t( 

Oct.  8, 1864. 

John  Shelton . 

i( 

Oct.  10,  1864. 

Alex.  M.  Lang 

" 

Oct.  10,  1SG4. 

Wm.  H.  Shriver... 

(1 

Oct.  13,  1804. 

Charles  A.  Wright 

" 

Oct.  15,  1864. 

Irving  A.  Noble 

11 

Feb.  23,  18G5. 

John  S.  Laver 

" 

May  2,  1865. 
June  6,  1805. 

John  W.  Barkhurst  _. 

IL 

Name. 

Ra7ik. 

Date  of  Rank. 

Irving  A.  Noble 

1st  Lieutenant 

Oct.  1,  1864. 

John  S.  Laver 

K 

Oct.  1,  1864. 

John  W.  Barkhurst 

" 

Oct.  8,  1864. 

Isaac  Slahh 

it 

Oct.  8,  1864. 

(ieorge  M.  Young 

li 

Oct.  8,  1804. 

Alfred  F.  Stoner 

" 

Oct.  8,  1804. 

Henry  Pence 

(( 

Oct.  10,  1804. 

Thomas  Mitchell 

(( 

Oct.  10,  1804. 

Elijah  D.  Leedom 

<t 

Oct.  13,  18l>4. 

James  Douglass 

(( 

Oct.  25,  1804. 

Owen  J.  Hopkins 

(( 

Oct.  25,  1864. 

Wm.  H.  Wood 

U 

Oct.  25,  1864. 

Ernest  F.  Lipez 

" 

Feb.  8,  1865. 

Joseph  L.  Deputy 

(< 

Feb.  23,  1865. 

Harvey  B.  O'Hara 

u 

May  2,  1865. 

Josiah  N.  Smith 

(( 

June  16,  1865. 

Robert  H.  Turiettan.. 

" 

June  16,  1865. 

Geo.  AV.  Brittingham. 

" 

June  10,  1805. 

Ernest  F.  Lipez 

2d  Lieutenant. 

(Jet.  1,  1804. 

James  S.  Merritt 

u 

Oct.  1,  1804. 

Joseph  L.  Deputy 

a 

Oct.  8,  1804. 

Harvey  B.  O'Hara 

" 

Oct.  8,  1864. 

Josiah  N.  Smith 

t( 

Oct.  8,  1864. 

Robt.  H.  Turiettan 

u 

Oct.  8,  1864. 

Geo.  W.  Brittingliam  _ 

(C 

Oct.  10,  1864. 

Levi  L.  Conner 

" 

Oct.  10,  1864. 

John  K.  Pollard 

" 

Oct.  13,  18(i4. 

Wm.  H.  McGrew 

u 

Oct.  25,  18ti4. 

W.  H.  Brooker 

(( 

March  18,1865. 

Samuel  D.  Morse 

" 

March  18,1865. 

Lawrence  Wamsley 

'* 

March  18,1865. 

Alfred  L.  Sargent 

(( 

May  2,  1865. 

H.  G.  Patterson 

C( 

May  2,  1865. 

Name. 


Levi  D.  Eversol 

John  Fearnside 

Joseph  B.  Jennings 

Charles  Bradley 

John  Carroll 

Josepli  G.  Segur 

Peter  Trotten 

Harrison  Johns 

William  Ahrent 

Kearn  Carroll 

George  Eikler 

Jiram  Parker 

Ashley,  Nelson 

Anderson,  William  O  _. 

Armitage,  Thomas 

Blaylock,  William 

Baylor,  Christian 

Baker,  Christian 

Butler,  John 

Bramsperger,  Joseph 

Boland,  Martin  E 

Cook,  John  G.  (died)  __ 
Curan,  Edward 


Rank. 

Age. 

1st  Sergt. 

24 

Sergeant. 

82 

*' 

42 

(( 

21 

Corporal. 

22 

u 

44 

(( 

19 

(( 

21 

(( 

25 

" 

26 

(1 

18 

Musician. 

16 

Private. 

26 

(( 

18 

" 

26 

u 

25 

a 

32 

" 

24 

" 

40 

(( 

33 

" 

23 

" 

21 

(( 

18 

Sept. 
Aug. 
.Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 


12,1864 
17,1804 
12,1864 

1,1804 

4,1804 
15,1864 
12,1864 
23,1804 
6,  1804 
23,1804 
18,1864 
17,1864 
17,1864 
3,  1864 
17,1864 
15,1864 
26,1864 

4,1864 
24,1864 

3,1864 
10,1804 
29,1804 

9,1804 


[274] 


APPENDIX  TO  CHAPTER  II. 


Name. 


Campbell,  .Tames 

Callahan,  John 

Coleman,  John 

Currie,  Peter 

Caster,  Frederick 

Demond,  Alva  J 

Drinst,  Henry 

Dewitt,  Lewis 

Dernhof,  Henry 

Douty,  Hiram 

Fassett,  Ransom  A 

Fornask,  George  (died). 

Freck,  Jonas  (died) 

Fox,  Patrick 

Fehr,  John 

Golden,  James 

Gand,  John 

Greiner,  Jacob 

Gamo,  Joseph 

Genson,  Charles  F 

Gibson,  John 

Harris,  William 

Hettinger,  Jacob 

Hennessey,  William 

Hoiles,  Albert 

Hashberger,  Drake 

Jacob,  Charles 

Keys,  Anson 

Kappell,  William 

King,  Stephen 

Kellogg,  Henry 

Lewis,  Royal 

Lafarre,  William  A 

Miller,  Charles    

Mahen,  Thomas 

McDonald,  James 

Morgan,  Charles  W 

Mercer,  William 

Mitzker,  Lorenzo 

Marsh,  Peter 

Marsh,  Casper 

Mack,  William 

Mahler,  William 

Northup,  William 

Oberst,  Michael 

Phillips,  James 

Ryan,  Charles 

Ramer,  Matthias 

Russell,  Josephus 

Taylor,  George  W 

Tugo,  Nelson 

Ward.  IraJ 

Wellington,  Charles 

Winkler,  John 

Wallace,  Richard 

Bohanan,  Thomas 

Clark,  George 

Craig,  Josiah 

Cain,  John 

Clark,  Thomas 

Clarkson,  Richard  H 

Davis,  John  H 

Flannegan,  John 

Henry,  WilHam 

Mahoney,  Florence 

Mahonev,  John  O 

Riley,  Patrick 

Smith,  Francis 

Snyder,  Myron 1 

Scbmedlin,  John  W 

Schmidt,  George 

Avid,  Andrew 

Barnes,  Benjamin 

Beales,  Christian 


Rank. 


Age. 


Entered  Service. 


Name. 


Private. 


Aug. 
Sept. 

Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
30  ^Aug. 


20 
21 
IS 
28 
19 
19 
LS 
IS 
IS 
29 
IS 
IS 
IS 
25 
2.5 
IS 
42 
44 


Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 

Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
I  Aug. 
Sept. 
24  Aug. 
oO  Aug 
40  I  Aug 
32   Sept, 


30,1864 
21,1804 
22,1804 
5,1804 
6,1804 
9,1804 
17,1804 
31,1804 
12,1804 
21,1804 
31,1804 
1,1804 
3,1864 
20,1804 
.5,1804 
9,1864 
21,1864 
13,1864 
.30,1804 
5,1804 
7,1804 
4,1864 
27,1864 
17,1864 
7,1864 
12,1864 
6,1864 
15,1804 
18,1864 
9,1864 
7,1864 
17,1864 
29,1864 
9,1864 
2.5,1864 
30,1864 
12,1864 
9,1864 
19,1S64 
15,1804 
15,1864 
7,1804 
17,1804 
1!>,1864 
11,1804 
12,1804 
1,1804 
30,1864 
25,1864 
21,1864 
29,1804 
27,1804 
22,1804 
5,1804 
17,1804 
2,1804 
'1,1804 
24,1804 
29,1804 
1,1804 
1.5,1804 
12,1864 
15,1864 
14,1804 
22,1804 
22,1804 
27,1864 
19,lS(i4 
31,1864 
1.5,1864 
24,1864 
31,1864 
;.  27,1864 
,.  26,1864 


Housley,  Andrew 

McDonnell,  .John 

Rowe,  Daniel 

Sly,  Alestes  D 

Upham,  Warren  H 

Carrick,  Isaac 

Langendorf,  Jacob . 

Corbit.  Thomas 

Bey,  Charles 

Swing,  Charles 

Kinney,  William 

Older,  Perry  C 

Quinn,  Joseph 

Wood,  Channcey  L 

Smithland,  John 

Scott,  William  H 


Rank. 


Corporal 
Private. 


Mu.sician 
Corporal. 

Private. 
Sergeant. 

Private. 


Age. 

21 
18 
19 
18 
16 
28 
42 
23 
42 
17 
20 
IS 


Entered  Service. 


Oct. 
Oct. 

Oct. 

( )ct. 

( )ct. 

^ug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

.\ug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 
42  jSei)t. 
18    Sept. 


3.   1.S64 

20,  1864 

18,  1,S(i.| 

21,  1864 
24,  1,S(;4 

25,  IS(M 

29,1804 

28,1864 

.3,1864 

0,1804 

30,1804 

25,1X01 

23,1.S04 

:!,l.S(i-| 

|.5,1S04 

30,1804 


COMPANY  B. 


Name. 


James  S.  Merritt 

Lewis  Boegehold  .. 

John  Ryan 

Wm.  H.  Hamilton 

Elijah  Metzker 

John  K.  Price 

Aaron  A.  Newell 

Anderson,  James 

Aiken,  Lewis 

Benjamin,  Nathan 

Bele,  Frederick 

Boice,  George  C 

Bourds,  Nelson 

Berge,  Henry 

Burck,  Charles 

Forrer,  Mott 

Gander,  James 

Giser,  Samuel 

Gerth,  Michael 

Giser,  Frederick 

Garman,  Daniel 

Hoik,  William  H 

Hollister,  Frederick  

Jones,  John 

Leslie,  Henry  I 

Lane,  Charles 

Leggett,  Frank 

Leggett,  Frederick 

Manhugh,  Silas  W 

Mangle,  David 

Murfin,  Henry  H 

Merchant,  William 

McNolly,  Patrick 

Otis,  Tiuiothy 

Pierce,  Hiram 

Pheils,  Jacob 

Renolet,  Daniel 

Royer,  Emanuel 

Romstadt,  Charles 

Stanford,  Henry 

Sweigart,  Cyrus 

Sloan,  Abraham  H 

Shleagle,  Anthony 

Stabl,  Nicholas  (died)._. 

Smith,  James 

Thompson,  Wm 

Williams,  Joseph 

Wechtel,  George 

Walker,  Jonas  B.  (died). 

Warner,  Joseph  B 

Welson,  George  E 


Rank.       Age.   Entered  Service. 


2d  Lieut. 
Sergeant. 

Corporal. 


Musician 
Private. 


19 

18 

22 

32 

22 

20 

18 

19 

27 

32 

23 

22 

24 

18 

IS 

18 

32 

22 

41 

20 

22 

18 

20 

20 

20 

23 

IS 

18 

18 

19 

28 

20 

18 

19 

44 

20 

18 

18 

30 

40 


Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sej)t. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 
!Sept. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Sei)t. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 
28  |Aug. 
18  [Sept. 
18  I  Aug. 
IS  Aug. 
22  lAug. 


15,1804 

7,1804 

5,1.S64 

27,18(;4 

20,1, SO  I 

29,1.S04 

4,1804 

19,1864 

22,1804 

24,1804 

27,1804 

27, 1S04 

29,1864 

3,1804 

.5,1804 

9,1804 

19,1864 

23,1864 

29,1804 

9,18()4 

2,1864 

23,1864 

29,1,S(;4 

16,1864 

2,1864 

3,1864 

24,1864 

28,1.S04 

14,1804 

2(i,lS04 

2,1X01 

23,1804 

27,18(i4 

1.1X04 

30,1804 

9,1X04 

16,1864 

3,18()4 

3,1864 

16,1X64 

18,1804 

15,1804 

10.1804 

25.1X04 

25,1804 

10,1804 

0,1804 

1.5,1864 

2.5,1864 

10,18(i4 

18,1804 


276 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Name. 

Sank. 

Age. 

Entered  Service. 

Name. 

Bank. 

Age. 

Entered  Service. 

Yeanser,  Frederick 

Caramel,  Joseph 

Con  lev    iTohn            

Private. 

(t 

K 
(( 
11 
li 
C( 

(( 
t( 
1( 
(( 

Corporal. 

Musician 

Private. 

(( 

tt 
It 

n 

li 
u 

(1 

(. 

(( 
(( 
u 

18 
29 
19 

41 
20 
44 
24 
30 
24 
18 
44 
25 
21 
31 
35 
18 
19 
19 
18 
38 
18 
18 
23 
43 
23 
23 
18 
18 
22 
27 
21 
21 
21 
19 
20 
30 
20 
20 

Aug.  16,1864 
Sept.  16,18(54 
Aug.  10,18(54 
Aug.  24,18(54 
Aug.  24,1864 
Aug.  27,1864 
Aug.  20,1864 
Aug.  29,18(54 
Sept.  16,1864 
Aug.    8,18(54 
Sept.   5,1864 
Aug.    9,1864 
Sept.    7,18(54 
Oct.    8,  1864 
Oct.  12,  1864 
Oct.    6,  1864 
Oct.  13,  1864 
Oct.  14,  1864 
Oct.  11,  1864 
Oct.  13,  1864 
Oct.    3,  1864 
Oct.    8,  1864 
Oct.  13,  1864 
Oct.    7,  1864 
Sept.    3,1864 
Oct.  14,  1864 
Oct.    8,  1864 
Oct.    8,  1864 
Sept.  5,  1864 
Aug.  18,1864 
Oct.    7,  1864 
Oct.    7,  1864 
Oct.    7,  18(54 
Oct.    7,  1864 
Oct.    7,  18(54 
Oct.  21,  1864 
Feb.  25,  1864 
Aug.  18,1864 

Cutter,  Clifton  H 

Christman,  James 

Carney,  Michael 

Clark,  Joseph  A 

Downey,  John 

Duching,  Augustus 

Duke,  James  .     . 

Private. 

It 

it 
it 
it 

It 
It 
(( 

{( 
(( 

(t 

t( 
(( 
it 
(( 

(( 
It 
(1 

(t 

(t 

It 
It 

a 
tt 
ti 
ti 
It 

tt 

(( 
(( 
(( 
(( 
ti 
it 
(( 
tt 
(( 
(( 

i( 
(( 

(1 

It 

It 

u 

(( 
tt 

It 

It 
(( 
tt 

tt 
It 
tt 

19 

18 
21 
19 
25 
38 
44 
20 
28 
18 
17 
21 
18 
27 
18 
32 
22 
19 
19 
36 
20 
33 
38 
36 
24 
28 
38 
23 
44 
28 
24 
44 
19 
19 
18 
22 
21 
35 
35 
32 
19 
36 
18 
21 
19 
2'2 
20 
30 
20 
18 
34 
21 
18 
18 
44 
19 
24 
21 
18 
30 
18 
18 
18 
19 
22 
23 

'23" 
25 

18 

I2" 
26 
18 

August,  1864 

Cross.  Franklin 

llotrle   Henry 

IVIiUcr    Clmrlps  T 

Morjran,  Ilinim 

Nelson   David 

Eugarps,  Henry  S 

Edgar,  Robert 

February,   Henry 

Ford,  George  J 

Thomas,  George  W 

W'llkf^r  AViilia.ni 

Farrell,  Joseph 

Walker,  John              .     - 

Gibson,  Frank 

GladhiU.  William 

Greek,  George .       . 

Heinrich,  Jerome 

Cole,  Seth  R 

Hall,  John.        

Dowell,  Mcses  A 

Eldridge,  James  H 

Hamp,  William  E 

Harden,  Thomas 

Huyck,  OHver  E 

*Holly,  Stephen  C 

Heckman,  John 

Hackett,  James. 

Gilchrist,  William  L 

Gulimore,  John 

Kile,  Josiah 

Lavague,  Ferdinand 

Lane,  Charles  W 

Murrav,  Atwell. 

Hackett,  Aaron  A 

Hackett,  Freeman 

Henrichs,  William  H 

Johnson,  John  P 

Johnson,  Freeman 

Jerome,  Alexander 

Johnson,  Thomas  L 

*Kapler,  Frank           

Nathan,  Joseph.         

Pettys,  John 

Ryan,  John 

Swigart,  Cj'rus 

Allen,  David 

Long.  R.  B 

Dailey,  Joseph        _  _ 

Lasher,  William 

LaDuc,  Charles  - 

Fannel.  Wil  iam 

Pucy,  Charles  ._ 

Maus,  Jacob  C 

Turner,  James.       

Maxfleld,  William 

Marsh,  Phili  ) 

McGovern,  Thomas 

Marsh,  Squire 

Brooker,  William  H 

Percival.  William 

More,  Samuel     . 

McConnell,  John  C 

McGill,  John 

COMP 

ANY  D. 

McCullough,  George 

Nordheim,  .John 

Noyes,  William  J 

Norris,  Edward 

O'Connor,  Frank 

Otto,  James 

Pennewell,  Marshall 

Pernia,  Frank 

Name. 

Sank. 

Age. 

Entered  Service. 

Warren  W.  Cooke 

George  M.  Young 

Josiah  N.  Smith 

Edwin  L.  Tenny 

Captain. 
1st  Lieut. 
2d  Lieut. 
Sergeant. 

(f 

n 
(( 

Corporal. 

(( 

(( 

Musician 
Private. 

(( 
It 

28 
28 

".37" 
21 
29 
31 
22 
34 
29 
28 
26 
26 
18 
26 
24 
44 
44 
41 
18 
34 
31 
31 
17 
39 
18 
19 
37 
23 
38 

August,  1864 

(I 
t( 
(i 
i( 
(( 
(( 

a 
(( 
(( 

(( 
t( 
tt 
tt 
tt 
tt 
it 
It 
it 
tt 
tt 
tt 
li 
11 
it 
it 
(( 

Winfield  Saldoris^._ 

Wm.  E.  Hojjkins 

Isaac  Long 

Pomeroy,  Irvin  C 

Pockraire,  Samuel  W__. 

Renolette,  Lewis  B 

Robertson,  Henrj' 

Rinehart,  John  A 

Rigel.  Michael 

Andrew  P.  Phillips 

John  Furman  ._     _ 

John   Walker. 

George  F.  Case 

Reed,  Gordon  C  . 

Reuben  Gager 

George  Masterman 

Ricketts,  John  W 

Segur,  Albert. 

Uriah  Bender ._ 

Small,  John  W 

James  Conner  _  . 

Snider,  William 

John  W.  Wolf 

Sweasey,  Alfred  T 

Shinover,  Joseph 

Scott,  Clarence  F 

Smith,  John 

Charles  W.  Segur 

Arquett,  Stephen 

Ashlan,  Joseph. 

Allen,  Farley 

Baker,  Mahlon.. 

Smith,  Samuel 

St.  John,  John 

Thompson.  Stephen 

Thompson,  Thomas  J  . 

Thomas,  William  H 

Vanderhoff',  William  E.. 

Williams,  Charles  H 

Walmesley,  Lawrence 

Wolke,  John  H.  G 

Walker,  WiUiam 

Walter,  David  H 

Bremer,  Anthony  M 

Bearson,  Medos  . 
"Betts,  Albert  N._ 
Burrell,  Virgil  S.. 

Barnett,  WiUiam 

Brecht,  Michael 

Burkholder,  Jacob  K 

Coe,  Emory  .     _. 

Cole,  Frederick 

APPENDIX  TO  CHAPTER  II. 


277 


Name. 


Waltner,  John 

Wilkinson,  Thomas  A__ 

*WaiTen,  Alfred 

Wencnger,  Philip 

*Wagnor,  John 

Welch,  John  H 

Williams,  John 

Ward,  James 

■■■'Deceased. 


Sank. 


Private. 


Age. 


19 

18 
18 
30 
38 


24 


Entered  Service. 


COMPANY   K. 


August,  1864 


COMPANY  F. 


Name. 

Sank. 

Age. 

Entered  Service. 

John  M.  Fisher 

1st  Sergt. 

24 

Sept.  10,1864 

David  Kosier 

Sergeant. 

24 

Sept.  3,  1864 

Lorenzo  DeGraff 

•» 

Sept.  3,  1864 

Jonathan  Kozier 

Corporal. 

31 

Sept.  5,  1864 

William  K.  Spencer 

2.") 

Sept.  12,18(i4 

JiihnG.  Shiftier 

32 

Sept.  16,1864 

( )scar  S.  Webb 

" 

18 

Sept.  12,lS(i4 
Oct.    4,  1864 

W.  S.  Bradley 

Musician 

l(i 

Bushon,  Andrew 

Private. 

36 

Sept.  3,  18(i4 

Brace,  George  W 

*' 

18 

Sept.  14,18(54 

Bennett,  James 

21 

Sept.  21,1  S(i4 

Bratten,  Orlando 

a 

18 

Sept.  17,1864 

Betts,  Luther 

" 

18 

Sept.  2(!,  1864 

Bailey,  Charles  A 

(( 

22 

Sept.  24,1864 

Bash,  Jacob 

*' 

38 

Oct.    3,  1864 

Collins,  Abraham 

It 

25 

Sept.  10,18(i4 

Culver,  Thomas 

" 

18 

Sept.  25,1 8(i4 

Cassel,  Curtiss. 

(t 

33 

Sept.  5,  18(54 

Chappell,  James  W. 

(( 

21 

Sept.  30,1864 

DeWitt,  Edmund  K 

(( 

42 

Sept.  1,  1864 

Durbin,  Charles 

a 

18 

Sept.  27,1864 

Densmore,  Amos 

(( 

11) 

Oct.    1,  18()4 

Ely,  Francis  D 

u 

^^ 

Sei>t.  13,1864 
Sept.  21,1864 

Funson,  John 

(( 

17 

Ford,  Francis  W 

30 

Sept.  30,1864 

Hissong,  Jonas 

39 

Sept.  3,  18(i4 

Heeleed,  Daniel 

(( 

28 

Sept.  13,18(>4 

Hicks,  James  H 

(t 

19 

Sept.  24,1 8(i4 

Harger,  Jesse 

22 

Sept.  26,18154 

Hart,  John  A- 

(( 

•'5 

Sept.  17,1864 
Oct.    4,  18(54 

Merryman,  Orson 

(( 

IS 

Orbelin,  Hiram  B 

ti 

26 

Sept.  22,1864 

Peack,  William. 

(( 

18 
24 

Sept.  3,  1864 
Sept.  20,1864 

Packard,  J.  D 

Rhoades,  Lewis  W 

it 

17 

Sept.  13.1864 

Rose,  George  W 

(( 

18 

Sept.  14,18(54 

Richards,  John 

(1 

18 

Sept.  2(5,18(54 

Rardin,  Lorenzo 

It 

16 

Sept.  21,18(54 

Strasback,  Adam 

n 

33 

Sept.  .5,  1864 

Shultz,  George 

u 

IH 

Sept.  5,  18(54 
Sept.  10,18(54 

Sonimer,  John 

11 

37 

Snyder,  Henry_ 

(I 

■^0 

Sept.  5,  1864 
Sept.  16,1864 

ShilHer,  Aaron 

" 

20 

Shiftier,  Eli 

i( 

25 

Sept.  24,1 8(i4 

Smith,  .John  D  . 

a 

18 
18 
23 

Sept.  30  18(54 

Swift,  Horace  S_ 

Sept.  22,18(54 

Smithart,  George 

Oct.    5,  1864 

Scott,  Peter        _     ..     .. 

n 

18 
18 

Oct.    3,  1864 

Tally,  Hiram.  .     . 

Sept.  26,1864 

Weston,  Thomas 

" 

41 

Sept.  15,1864 

Wines,  Martin  L 

(( 

18 

Sept.  19,18(54 

Wines,  John  W 

(( 

41 

Sept.  24,18(54 

Warren,  Augustus 

u 

18 

Oct.    5,  18(i4 

Ward,  Simeon  J 

(t 

25 

Oct.    5,  1864 

Lucas,  Wm.  C 

(1 

18 
42 

Oct.     4,  1864 

Amspaugh,  George 

Oct.  21,  1864 

Maris,  George  R 

(( 

18 

Sept.  2,  1864 

Name 

Sank. 

Age. 
43 

Entered  Service. 

Charles  A.  Wright 

Captain. 

Sept.  12,18(54 

William  H.  Wood 

1st  Lieut. 

23 

Oct.  19,  1864 

Wm.  H.  McGrew 

2d   Lieut. 

24 

Aug.  27,1864 

Francis  M.  Blakeman  __  _ 

1st  Sergt. 

28 

Sept.  3    1S64 

Robert  VV.  S.  Ely 

■'() 

Sej)t.  ::,  1864 
Oct.    4,  18(i4 

Francis  Ring  . 

(( 

•'1 

Samuel  Richards 

(( 

24 

Oct.  15,  1864 

Franklin  L.  Myers 

(( 

27 

Oct.    7,  1864 

Simeon  Richards 

Corporal. 

19 

Oct.    (5,  18(54 

John  E.  Kinney 

11 

26 

Oct.  14,  18(54 

Henderson,  Charles 

t( 

23 

Oct.  14   1864 

Wright,  Samuel  P 

11 

18 

Oct.    7,  1864 

John  Hartsell.     _. 

11 
11 

18 
38 
IS 

Sei>t.  i:!,1864 
Oct.    5,  1,8(54 

Jesse  Cravens  . . 

John  E.  Ayres 

Oct.    6,  18(54 

Thomas  C.  Hopkins 

11 

IS 

Oct.    4,  1864 

W.I.Drake 

Drumm'r 

17 

Oct.    9,  18(54 

Anderson,  John  C 

Private. 

21 

Oct.  10,  1864 

Aldrich,  Albert  0 

11 

18 

Oct.    4,  1864 

Billman,  John  G 

11 

26 

Oct.  12,  18(54 

Buckmaster,  Christopher 

11 

37 

Sept.  12,18(54 

Bechtel,  George 

11 

27 

Oct.  14,  18(54 

Burnham,  Edward  L 

It 

IS 

Oct.    6,  18(54 

Barnes,  Samuel        .     _ 

11 
11 

18 
34 

Oct.    1,   18(54 

Corp,  Wm.  H_          .     ._ 

Sept.  19,1864 
Oct.   10,  18(54 

Cannon,  Robert  (died)__ 

11 

32 

Coleman,  John .. ..  _ 

11 

21 

Sept.  24.1864 

Cullen,  John  G     _  . 

11 
11 

25 
20 

Oct.  13,  1,864 

Cheney,  Roswell  W 

Oct.   18,  1,S(54 

Cooper,  Lawrence 

11 

3(5 

Oct.  19,  1,S(54 

Durget,  Washington 

11 

27 

Oct.  13,  18(54 

Darling,  George  A 

11 

21 

Oct.  18,  1864 

Davis,  William 

" 

24 

Oct.  10,  18(54 

Swan,  Nathan  T 

11 

38 

Oct.  1.5,  1854 

Eagle,  John  H.  (died).._ 

11 

20 

Oct.  19,  1864 

Everett,  George  D 

11 

18 

Oct.    6,  18(54 

Farley,  John  . 

11 

1 

Oct.  13,  18(54 

Farber,  Francis  W 

Oct.  19,  1,S(54 

Frock,  Jacob  L 

11 
11 

18 
19 

Oct.    7,  18(54 

Grafton,  Abram  W 

Aug.  27, 18(54 

Hurger,  James 

1' 

23 

Oct.    7,  1864 

Harger,  John  (died) 

11 

18 

Oct.     7,  18(54 

Hazelton,  Anthony  W  .. 

11 

38 

Sept.  5,  18(54 

Huston,  Alfred 

It 

39 

Oct.  13,  18(54 

Heclen,  Daniel 

11 

28 

Sept.  13,1864 

Heston,  John  R 

11 

24 

Oct.  15,  1864 

Harris, John.         .       .  . 

11 

•'3 

Oct.  10,  18(54 

Haddix,  Stephen 

" 

18 

Oct.    1,  1864 

Hurlbert,  Orin  S .  -. 

11 

21 

Oct.  22,  18(54 

.Jones,  Wm.  H 

It 

11 

19 
28 

Sept.  21,18(54 

Jacobs,  Fredericks 

Oct.  10,  1864 

Humpton,  Thomas 

11 

20 

Oct.  10,  1864 

Kent,  Daniel  M 

If 

18 

Oct.  13,  18(54 

Lewis,  William 

'1 

26 

Oct.  13,  1864 

11 

22 
18 

Oct.    3,  1864 

Lentzy,  William  S 

Oct.    7,  1864 

Law,  George 

" 

19 

Oct.    5,  1864 

Linegrove,  Matthias 

It 

44 

Sept.  30,1864 

Marion,  John  E 

" 

18 

Oct.    4,  18(54 

Marnott,  Isaiah  R 

11 

38 

Oct.     8,  18(54 

McGurk,  William 

tt 

26 

Sept.  .30,18(54 

McGowan,  Wickly  C 

11 

18 

Oct.  18,  18(54 

It 

3't 

Oct.  20,  1864 

McClure,  Moses  F 

'1 

18 

(Jet.    8,  1864 

Martin,  Jason  B 

11 

28 

Oct.  11,  18(54 

Mason,  Charles  H 

" 

*>•> 

Oct.  11,  18(54 

Miller,  Lawrence  N 

ft 

»>.> 

Oct.  '7,  18(54 

McCoy,  Lucius __. 

" 

18 

Oct.   18,  1,S64 

Nutter,  John _. 

11 

18 

Sept.  21,18(54 

Osborne,  Peter  S 

" 

IS 

Sept.  12,1864 

Porter,  John  L 

" 

26 

Oct.  10,  V864 

Pugh,  Joseph  C 

It 

22 

Sept.  16,1864 

278 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


iVamc. 


Parrish,  Orin  (died) 

I'ike,  Lt'w  is  J 

Palmer,  Jaiiu'S  L 

Plinnan,  Julius 

(Juinii,  Pctor 

Kobinson,  Coe  O 

Rowlcs,  Wm.  T ^„. 

KidciKiur,  Thomiis 

Ryan,  Simon 

Rlkcr,  Pony 

Simji.sdii,  t'liarles  (died) 

Spiafiui',  Orin  J 

Sol(\  I>avvrent:e  K 

Sniitli,  (ioorge  H 

Stnrr,  James 

Samjjson,  John  C 

.Skidmore,  James  B 

8mead,  Adelbert 

Snyder.  Samuel  (died)_. 

Slater,  Wilson 

Saunders,  John 

Tooler,  John 

Vetter,  Jacob 

Warren,  Solomon  S 

Wines,  George  (died)  ._ 

Whitney,  George 

Wells,  Richard 

Wheeler,  John 

Whistler,  Daniel  C 

Whitehead,  Jacob 

Williamson,  Thomas  A__ 

Casbret,   Peter 

Hamilton,  William 

Murjiliv,  Martin 

Weldy,"  David  M 

Williams,  George  H 

Avery,  John  (died) 

Humphrey,  David 

Henderson,  Charles 


Sank. 


Private. 


Age. 

Entered  Service. 

41 

IG 

Sept.  1,  1864 
Oct.  7,  1864 

4;i 

Oct.  13,  1864 

19 

Oct.  7,  1864 

19 

Oct.  13,  1864 

IS 
19 
19 

Sept.  19,1864 
Sept.  2,  1864 
Aug.  31,1864 

19 

Oct.  13,  1864 

IS 

IS 

Sept.  30,1864 
Oct.  6,  1864 

23 

Oct.  22,  1864 

21 

Oct.  21,  1864 

27 

Oct.  10,  1864 

44 

Oct.  13,  1864 

30 
:!9 

Sept.  3,  1864 
Oct.  21,  1864 

19 

Oct.  4,  1864 

17 

Oct.  10,  1864 

18 

Oct.  14,  1864 

37 
25 

Sept.  21,1864 
Oct.  18,  1864 

44 

Oct.  21,  1864 

IS 

Oct.  3,  1864 

IS 

Oct.  3,  1864 

*>} 

Oct.  5,  1864 

2S 

Oct.  18,  1864 

27 

49 

Sept.  3,  1864 
Oct.  6,  1S64 

IS 

Oct.  4,  1864 

25 
33 

Sept.  2,  1864 
Oct.  25,  1864 

•>•? 

Oct.  18,  1S64 

20 

Oct.  24,  1864 

27 

Oct.  22,  1864 

36 

Aug.  20,1864 
Oct.  14,  1864 

IS 

Oct.  8,  1864 

23 

Oct.  4,  1864 

THE    TOLEDO    CADETS. 

In  1856,  a  Oomiiany  of  Militaiy  Cadets  was 
organized  in  Toledo,  under  the  personal  su- 
pervision of  General  Charles  W.  Hill,  President 
of  the  Board  of  Education.  That  gentleman  also 
had  sole  charge  of  their  management  and  drill, 
in  which  he  took  a  deep  interest,  and  to  which 
he  devoted  much  lime  and  labor.  The  Com- 
pany was  comjiosed  wholly  of  such  pupils  in 
the  Public  Schools  as  maintained  creditable 
standing  therein.  As  early  as  July  29th  of 
that  year,  the  Cadets  made  a  trip  to  Detroit  on 
board  the  Steamer  Arrow,  where  they  were  re- 
ceived and  welcomed  by  the  Mayor  of  that 
City,  and  were  escorted  from,  the  Boat  by  de- 
tachments of  the  Detroit  Light  Guards  and 
Juvenile  Washington  Lancers  to  the  Armory 
of  the  former  Company.  Thence  they  were 
escorted  to  quarters  supplied  for  them  at  the 
Michigan  Exchange.  They  remained  at  De- 
troht  until  August  1st.  Meantime,  thej  received 
many  expressions  of  interest  and  respect  from 


the  authorities,  press  and  citizens  of  that  City. 
They  visited  Windsor,  Canada,  accompanied 
by  the  Mayor  and  other  citizens  of  Detroit,  and 
were  kindly  received  by  the  people  of  that 
Town.  On  the  return  from  Detroit,  the  Cadets, 
through  their  Captain,  Hamilton  C.  Colton,  pre- 
sented to  General  Hill  a  Silver  Cup,  in  expres- 
sion of  their  ajipreciation  of  his  kindness  and 
unremitted  attentions  to  their  Company. 

The  Cadets  maintained  their  organization 
with  much  efficiency  until  the  outbreak  of  the 
llebcllion  in  1861.  At  that  time  their  numbers 
had  increased  to  87,  nearly  one-half  of  whom 
promptly  gave  to  their  countrj'  the  benefit  of 
their  military  education,  by  volunteering  their 
services  in  the  Army  and  Navy  of  the  Union. 
Following  is  the  roster  and  roll  of  the  Com- 
pany at  the  time  the  Eebellion  broke  out.  The 
list  also  shows  which  members  of  the  Company 
enlisted  in  the  Nation's  service  and  the  capac- 
ity of  the  same,  towit  : 

Hamilton  C.   Colton,  Captain  ;     2d   Lieutenant  84th 

O.  V.  I. 
Avery  S.  Hill,  1st  Lieutenant. 
John  A.  Waite,  Lieutenant. 
George  Haskell,  Lieutenant. 
Charles  N.  Stevens,  (Lieutenant,  128th  O.  V.  1.) 
John  Corlett,  Lieutenant. 
John  G.  Avery,  (14th  O.  V.  I.) 
Anderson,  Frank  W.  Bugs,  Wra.  H. 

Brownlee,  James,  ( 14tli  and  84th  O.  V.  I.) 
Backus,  William  W.  *Bond,  Charles  P. 

Bond,  Wm.  (67th  and  14th  O.V.I,  and  7th  U.S.A.) 
Bliven,  Robert,  (U.  S.  Navv.) 
Bassett,  Kd.  A.  (130th  O.  V.  I.) 
Browne,  Ed.  F.  (Navy,  19th  Bat.  and  1st  U.  S.  Art.) 
Brooks,  Charles  L.  (130th  O.  V.  I.) 
Blakeley,  Bert.  Breynian,  George. 

Brown,  Egbert,  (189th  O.  V.  I.) 
Breed,  Cyrus  W.  (U.  S.  Navy.) 
Brigham,  Stanley  F.  Breed,  George. 

Brown,  George,  (S4th  and  14th  O.  V.  1.) 
Chesbro,  Charles  P.  (2oth  N.  J.  V.  I.) 
*Curtis,  Theodore,  (Captain  67th  O.  V.I.  and  Brevet 

Major. ) 
Collins,  Holdridge.  Collins,  Woolsey. 

Cuddy,  William,' (14th  O.  V.  I.) 
Commager,  Frank  Y.  (Navy  and  Army.) 
Commager,  David  II.  (Lieutenant  184tb  O.  V.  I.) 
Colton,  Alpheus  F.  Colb)',  George  F. 

Dodd,  E.  S.  (Lieutenant  14th  0.  V.  I.) 
Dorr,  Milton.  Dunham,  Sumner. 

Emmick,  Vincent  J.  (84tb  and  130th  O.  V.  I.) 
Freeman,  Gus.  Farley,  G.  E.  (14thO.  V.  1.) 

Hamlin,  Ed.  (130th  O.  V.  I.) 
*Hamlin,  Fred.  (K'.dth  O.  V.  I.) 
Herrick,  F.  Cooper,  (Bat.  II.  1st  O.  V.  L.  A.) 
Haskell,  Fred.  (130th  O.  V.  I.) 
HoUoway,  Alvin. 
*Hazlett.,  George,   (14th  and  (i7th  O.  V.  I.   and  Kith 

U.  S.  Inf.) 
Jones,  Nathan,  (5th  N.  Y.  V.  I.) 
Jones,  Charles  H.  (14th  O.  V.  I.) 
*Kirk,  Walter  B.  (Lieutenant  14th  O.  V.  I.) 
Kraus,  Max.  Kraus,  Otto. 

Ketcliam,  John  B.  2d.         *Laughlin,  James  H. 
*Lounsbury,  Levi  (14th  0.  V.  I.) 


APPENDIX  TO  CHAPTER  II. 


279 


Lloyd,  E.  S.  McKee,  John  M. 

Millard,  Charles.  McLeary,  Ed. 

Mertz,  Charles.  Pike,  Albert. 

Parmelee,  William  E.,  Jr.  (Lieut.  Bat.  II,   1st  O.  V. 

L.  A.) 
Potter,  Emory  D.,  Jr. 

Roemer,  Henry  C.  (Captain  14th  and  ISi'd  O,  V.  I.) 
Russell,  Jerome  H.  Rich,  Henry. 

*Rayraond,  J.  Morton  (Lieut.  21st  Ohio  Bat.) 
*ReddinK,  Alex.  Saltonstall,  Dudley  E. 

Scott,  Albert  E.  (Bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A.) 
Saltonstall,  J.  W.  Stebbins,  Charles. 

Spencer,  Charles  L.  *Scott,  Isaiah. 

Shepard,  Charles  G.  Southard,  Thomas  J. 

Stevens,  Frederick  (l:!Oth  O.  V.  I.) 
*Steednian,  Louis  (Lieutenant  — . ) 
*Stephan,  Jo.  *Scott,  Charles  B. 

Thomas,  Jerome  B.  (14th  O.  V.  I.) 
Tavlor,  II.  Burt.  (Lieutenant  195th  O.  V.  I.) 
Waite,  C.  C.  Waite,  Ed.  F. 

Wenning.  Louis.  Witticli,  Charles. 

Waggoner,  Ralph  H.  (l?,nth  O.  V.  I.) 
*Wal)iridge,  W.  Hunt  (.S4th  ().  V.  I.) 
Walbridge,  Dudley. 

♦Deceased. 

The  organization  of  the  .Scliool  Cadets  ceased 
with  the  opening  of  the  War,  and  a.s  such  was 
never  revived.  As  already  shown  (page  89), 
an  organization  known  as  the  Toledo  Zouave 
Cadets,  was  formed,  and  officers  elected  for  it, 
but  it  never  entered  the  military  service. 

In  1871,  a  Company,  like  the  former  com- 
posed of  young  men,  and  taking  the  name 
of"  Toledo  Cadets,"  was  organized  by  Captain 
Josiah  W.  White,  who  was  instructor  of 
the  same.  In  1872,  the  Comjjany  took  the 
name  of  Myers  Cadets,  continuing  as  such  until 
it  was  disbanded  in  1876. 

In  November,  1877,  the  Company  was  reor- 
ganized as  the  Toledo  Cadets,  with  the  follow- 
ing officers  :  Captain,  Wm.  V.  McMaken  ;  First 
Lieutenant,  Wm.  R.  Worts ;  Second  Lieuten- 
ant, Kdward  A.  Hoffman.  This  organization 
continued  until  March  17,  1879,  when  it  was 
mustered  into  the  State  service  as  an  unattached 
Company  of  Ohio  National  Guard,  being  the 
only  organization  in  the  State  holding  that  re- 
lation. The  officers  iinder  such  arrangement 
have  been  as  follows  : 

Captain — William  V.  McMaken. 

First  Lieutenant — AVilliam  R.  Worts,  to  March  \, 
1883;  William  H.  Cook,  since  March  1,  1883. 

Second  Lieutenant — Horace  CJ.  Uerber,  to  March 
1,  1880;  William  H.  Cook,  to  March  1,  1883;  H.  G. 
Gassaway,  to  July  3,  1885;  Wm.  F.  Mack,  to  June  0, 
1880;  Frank  Datesman,  to  March  12,  1887;  Thomas 
T.  Watters,  since  March  12,  1887. 

OFFICERS   AND   MEMBERS,    1887. 

Captain,  Wm.  V.  McMaken. 

First  Lieutenant,  William  H.  Cook. 

Second  Lieutenant,  Thomas  T.  Watters. 


SEROEANTS. 

1.  William  F.  Johnson. 

2.  Eugene  W.  Gage. 

3.  DeWitt  C.  Linn. 

4.  Graham  B.  i.ownsbury. 
Color,  Benjamin  1).  Vail. 
Quartermaster,  Arthur  W.  S.  Irvinj; 

CORPORALS. 

1.  Richard  K.  Rundell. 

2.  Joseph  P.  Hutchison. 

3.  Sheridan  E.  Law. 

4.  P.  Carlton  Walker. 

5.  Edwin  C.  Frisbic. 


Breymanii,  Fugene. 
Brophv,  Stei)lieii. 
Cochran,  Witt  K. 
Caine,   (Iharles  A. 
Durian,  Charles  II. 
Hansen,  Samuel. 
Howell.s,  Frank  I. 
McC'utcheon,  Fred.  D. 


Atwill,  William  II. 

Brigham,  William  A. 

Chapman,  Harry  M. 

Cowles,  Willard  F. 

Cooke,  Frank  S. 

Goodall,  Harry  H. 

Harroun,  Robert  E. 

Hooper,  Harrison  S. 

McKecknie,  Clarence  E.     Maxon,  liruce  E. 

Morris,  Fred.  P.  Parsons,  iMigene  S. 

Parsons,  John  J.  Paine,  Charles  S. 

Paine,  George  P.  Perriu,  Arthur  W. 

Pixley,  Edwin  1.  (iuine,  Fred.  K. 

Ray,  Pliny  C.  Uavmer,  James  ¥.. 

Rowley,  Arthur  F.  Smith,  Mark  M. 

Spielbusch,  John  II.,  Jr.     N'inceut,  James  B. 

Welbon,  William  G.  Whittinghaui,  Thomas  H. 

Waite,  George  T. 

Since  the  organization  of  I  lie  Company  it  has 
taken  part  in  several  competitive  drills,  of 
more  or  less  importance.  In  1878,  it  won  the 
championship  of  Toledo,  and  in  1879,  that  of 
Northwestern  Ohio.  In  1880,  it  took  the  second 
prize  in  a  strongly  contested  drill  at  Galion, 
Ohio.  It  took  the  first  prize  ($1,000)  at  the  Inter- 
State  drill,  at  Detroit,  Michigan,  in  June,  1882, 
against  15  Companies.  In  September,  1882,  it 
secured  the  second  prize  ($1,000)  at  the  Tri- 
State  Fair  drill,  at  Toledo.  The  Company  took 
part  in  the  National  drill  at  Washington  City, 
in  May,  1887,  in  which  34  Companies  competed. 
The  seventh  position  was  accorded  to  it,  under 
the  rules  established  by  the  Judges  ;  while  tlie 
judgment  of  the  audience  and  the  expressions 
of  the  public  press  would  have  justified  the  as- 
signment of  the  first  prize  to  the  Cadets.  In 
June,  1887,  at  Findlay,  the  Com])any  took  tlie 
first  prize  (11,000)  and  championsiiip  of  Ohio, 
in  a  competitive  drill. 

This  organization,  as  each  of  its  predecessors, 
has  always  shared  liberally  in  the  favor  and 
support  of  the  citizens  of  Toledo,  who  have  felt 
special  jiride  in  its  professional  success,  and 
even  more  in  the  exceptional  moral  tone  and 
demeanor  which  have  distinguished  it,  at  home 
and  abroad. 


PART    IV. 

GOVERNMBNTAL. 


i» 


CHAPTER    I. 


PDiiLtc  i.Msrns. 


AMONG  the  delicate  and  ombarrassing  ques- 
tions whicli  arose  in  setting  in  operation 
the  new  order  of  Government  after  the  Revo- 
lutionary War,  was  that  of  title  to  the  vast 
domain  of  wild  territory  stretching  from  the 
settlements  in  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  and 
Virginia,  to  the  Mississippi  River.  The  diffi- 
culty consisted  in  tlie  conflicting  claims  of  the 
United  States  Government  and  those  of  the 
States,  and  especiallj'  Virginia  and  (Connecti- 
cut, whose  charters  from  the  Crown  of  Eng- 
land covered  the  larger  portion  of  such  lands. 
The  question  was  made  the  more  serious,  by 
the  fact  that  the  States  which  had  no  such 
territory,  remonstrated  against  the  claim  as 
unjust,  inasmuch  as  the  title  to  the  lands 
had  been  secured  by  the  common  sacrifices  of 
all  the  States.  The  case  was  finally  settled  by 
the  cession  of  the  territory  in  question  to  the 
United  States  by  the  several  States — Virginia 
yielding  up  her  claim  to  the  vast  territory 
Northwest  of  the  Ohio,  and  Connecticut  her 
claim  to  the  same,  save  the  district  along  Lake 
Erie,  known  as  the  "  Connecticut  Reserve." 
This  action  was  followed  by  legislation  by 
Congress,  looking  to  the  sale  of  the  territory 
thus  ceded.  The  first  plan  was  to  sell  in 
quantities  of  two  million  acres  each,  based  upon 
the  idea  of  colonies  or  settlements  under  the 
purchasers  of  such  tracts.  The  Ohio  Company, 
on  the  Muskingum  River,  made  the  first  pur- 
chase of  this  sort.  vSubsequently  the  quantity 
was  reduced  to  one-million  tracts,  when  John 
Cleves  Symmes,  of  New  Jersey,  and  associates, 
bought  that  quantity  between  the  Miami 
Rivers,  in  ^Southwestern  Ohio,  and  adjoining 
the  Ohio  Company's  tract.  In  1785,  a  tract  on 
the  Ohio  Riverand  the  Pennsylvania  line,  con- 
sisting of  seven  ranges  of  Townships  five  miles 
square,  was  surveyed  and  offered  for  sale  in 
quarter  Townships.  This  policy  of  sales  in 
large  tracts  was  not  successful,  for  the  reason 
that  it  did  not  hold  out  requisite  inducements 
for  immigration  by  the  class  of  people  neces- 
sary' to  the  desired  settlement.  Hence,  in  1796 
Congress  reduced  the  quantity  of  salable 
lands  to  Sections  of  one  mile  square  in  alter- 
nate Townships,  and  to  quarter  Townships  of 
throe  miles  square  in  the  residue  of  the  lauds. 
This  plan  working  but  little  better  than  the 
others,  Congress  in  1800  directed  the  subdi- 
vision of  these  lands  for  sale  in  half-sections  of 
320  acres,  and  for  the  first  time  opened  Land 
Offices  in  the  vicinities  of  the  lands  thus  pre- 
pared  for  .sale — Cincinnati,    Marietta,    Chilli- 


cothe  and  Steubenville  being  selected  for  such 
offices.  The  Indian  title  to  all  lands  in  Ohio, 
except  in  the  Northwest,  having  been  relin- 
quished, immigration  at  once  became  active, 
and  the  Eastern,  Northern  and  Soutiiern  sec- 
tions were  rapidly  settled.  Still,  the  .smallest 
tract  to  be  had  of  the  Government  was  a  Sec- 
tion, or  640  acres.  Ere  long  another  redu<-ti()n 
was  made  in  the  minimum  of  sale,  and  (piartcr 
sections  of  160  acres,  could  be  bought  at  82.00 
per  acre,  on  a  credit  of  five  j-ears,  40  days  be- 
ing allowed  for  the  first  payment  of  20  per  cent. 
This  arrangement  at  once  gave  such  activity 
to  settlement,  that  in  1802  there  was  ])opnla- 
tion  sufficient  to  justify  the  organization  of  a 
State  Government  for  Ohio.  Still,  the  land 
system  of  the  Government  was  not  a  success, 
for  the  reason  that  a  very  large  portion  of 
purchases  under  the  credit  plan  were  made 
with  the  expectation  that  the  lands  could  be 
made  to  produce  means  for  all  but  the  earliest 
payments.  This  was  true  of  those  buying  for 
improvement  and  cultivation,  as  well  as  of 
speculators.  The  result  was  general  disap- 
pointment on  the  part  of  purchasers,  and  the 
accumulation  of  an  immense  debt  to  the  Gov- 
ernment, said  to  exceed  in  amount  the  entire 
money  in  the  Western  vStates.  By  1820,  this 
indebtedness  on  lands  purchased  in  the  West 
reached  the  sum  of  122,000,000,  and  was  ra]iidly 
increasing  through  accruing  interest,with  little 
prospect  of  becoming  less;  while  its  eifect  upon 
purchasers  was  to  paralyze  enterprise  and  im- 
provement of  every  sort  and  to  threaten 
general  bankruptcy.  So  serious  did  the. situa- 
tion become,  that  Congress  was  forced  to  action 
for  relief  To  Jacob  Burnet  of  Cincinnati 
seems  due  the  credit  of  the  plan  adopted.  He 
drew  up  a  memorial  to  Congress,  setting  forth 
the  facts  of  the  case,  including  the  utter  hope- 
lessness of  relief  under  existing  conditions,  and 
proposing  that  purchasers  be  allowed  to  sur- 
render their  contracts,  select  such  portions  of 
their  purchases  as  they  might  choose,  and  ap- 
plj'  on  the  same  the  amounts  of  payments  al- 
ready made,  back  interest  being  released  by 
the  Government.  This  scheme  was  ado))tecl, 
and  with  it  an  important  change  in  the  land 
system,  under  which  all  lands  were  to  be  sold 
for  cash  down  only,  with  the  price  reduced 
from  S2.00  to  81.25  ])er  acre,  with  the  minimum 
sales  fixed  at  cightli-sections  of  80  acres  each. 
This  brought  iinmediate  and  material  relief  to 
the  entire  West,  and  greatly  stimulated  settle- 
ment by  actual  owners  of  the  lands  they  occu- 


[283] 


284 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


pied.  Thus  had  the  quantity  of  purchasable 
land  been  reduced  from  :i,0()(),000  to  80  acres, 
and  the  price  from  $2.00  to  S1.25,  at  which  the 
cost  has  remained  to  this  time.  But  these  are 
not  tlie  only  particulars  in  which  settlement 
has  been  encouraged.  The  policy  of  pre-emp- 
tion by  actual  occupation  has  operated  largely 
to  ))ro"mote  immigration  and  the  development 
of  tiie  great  Westfsince  by  such  policy  the  poor- 
est settlers  have  been  enabled  to  obtain  homes 
without  co.st  of  purchase,  a  wonderful  change 
from  the  policy  under  which  all  settlers  were 
subjected  to  dependence  on  the  few  speculators 
who  were  enabled  to  purchase  large  tracts  of 
lands  from  the  Government.* 

In  this  connection,  and  as  an  important 
agency  in  the  work  of  settlement  and  develop- 
ment of  the  great  West,  may  be  mentioned  the 
policy  of  the  Government  under  which  grants 
of  lands  were  made  to  a  large  number  of  cor- 
porations, as  inducement  for  the  construction 
of  Eailwaj-s  through  the  National  domain, 
chiefly  in  anticipation  of  settlement  and  of 
traffic  requisite  tor  the  support  of  such  improve- 
ments. Without  liere  undertaking  to  enter 
upon  a  history  of  this  action  by  the  Govern- 
ment, or  upon  a  discussion  of  the  arguments, 
^roand  con,,  used  in  such  connection,  it  is  suf- 
ficient to  say,  that  on  the  whole,  such  policy 
has  operated  to  the  advantage  of  the  country. 
Commencing  with  the  grants  to  the  Illinois 
Central  Railroad,  under  which  that  great  trunk 
line  was  run  from  the  Northern  points  to  the 
Southern  extreme  of  that  State,  at  the  very 
time  when  such  medium  for  market  and  travel 
was  indispensable  to  the  early  development  of 
the  rich  prairies,  which  otherwise  must  have 
long  continued  without  settlement,  the  emi- 
nent success  of  this  experiment  operated  strong- 
ly to  extensive  employment  of  land-subsidies 
which  soon  followed.  There  probably  is  not  a 
single  Western  State — as  there  certainly  is  not  a 
Western  Territory — which  has  not  enjoyed  in 
greater  or  less  degree  the  benefits  of  this  ex- 

*Burnet's  "Notes of  the Northwe.stern  Territory," 
p.  394. 


traordinary  stimulus  to  settlement  and  growth. 
In  fact,  there  is  not  a  Territory,  and  scarcely  a 
State,  that  is  not  indebted  to  this  aid  for  its 
advancement ;  and  but  for  which  the  great 
bodj^  of  the  present  West  and  Northwest  would 
to-day  be  the  haunts  of  the  roaming  savage 
and  of  the  wild  buftalo.  This  is  not  the  popu- 
lar view  to  express  of  this  matter,  the  more 
generallj'  acceptable  understanding  being  that 
Hallway  land-grants  were  mere  gratuities  to 
corporations,  without  warrant  in  any  public 
interest.  Few  seem  to  consider,  that  the  great 
development  and  wealth  of  the  Western  re- 
gions are  the  direct  product  of  the  enterprise 
encouraged  bj'  subsidies.  The  greatly  appre- 
ciated values  of  the  lands  held  by  the  Railroad 
Companies,  are  cited  as  evidence  of  excessive 
bounties;  whereas,  these  values  are  due  wholly 
to  the  extraordinary  enterprise  which  alone 
could  secure  the  investment  of  capital  necessarj' 
to  the  settlement  requisite  for  such  advanced 
values.  That  unwise  grants  have  been  made, 
is  quite  true;  but  such  exceptions  the  more 
fully  establish  the  rule.  It  may  here  be  prop- 
erly stated,  that  the  policy  of  land-grants  has 
now  prett}'  much  entirelj'  ceased  to  be  a  neces- 
sary aid  in  Railway  construction,  the  sections 
in  which  such  are  demanded  being  very  few  in 
number  and  without  much  importance. 

The  first  sales  of  Government  lands  in  North- 
western Ohio,  took  place  at  the  Land  Office  at 
Wooster,  Ohio,  in  the  year  1817.  One  embraced 
the  Reservation  of  two  miles  square  at  the  foot 
of  the  Rapids  of  the  Sandusky  River  (now  Fre- 
mont), and  occuri'ed  on  the  first  Monday  of 
July  ;  and  the  other  consisted  of  the  Reserva- 
tion of  12  miles  square,  at  the  foot  of  the  Rapids 
of  the  Maumee  River,  and  took  place  on  the 
third  Tuesday  of  the  same  month.  Atthefor- 
mer  sale  was  purchased  the  tract  on  which  the 
Town  plat  of  Croghansville,  on  the  East  side 
of  the  Sandusky  River,  and  now  included 
within  Fremont,  was  soon  thereafter  laid  out; 
and  at  the  latter  sale  was  purchased  the  lands 
on  which  Port  Lawrence  (Toledo),  fyid  Orleans 
(Fort  Meigs)  were  at  once  laid  out. 


CHAPTER    II. 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT    ESTABLISHED. 


CIVIL  Goveriiinont  for  the  territory  now 
comprised  within  the  County  of  Lueas, 
began  with  the  organization  of  the  County  of 
Wayne,  by  proclamation  of  Governor  St.  Clair 
of  the  Northwest  Territor}'  in  179(3,  which  em- 
braced all  of  what  is  now  Northwestern  Ohio 
and  the  lower  Peninsula  of  the  present  State  of 
Michigan.  "While  this  is  true,  it  is  also  true,  as 
elsewhere  shown,  that  at  that  time  and  for  liO 
}-ears  thereafter,  and  until  the  Indian  title  to  all 
of  Northwestern  Ohio  was  extinguished,  there 
was  practically  no  such  government  there. 
Wayne  was  the  third  County  thus  created, 
Washington,  organized  in  1788,  and  Hamilton 
in  17',K),  being  its  pi'edecessors.  In  1803,  the 
3-ear  following  the  organization  of  the  State 
Government  of  Ohio,  the  County  of  Greene  was 
established,  including  this  part  of  the  State.  In 
1805,  Logan  County  was  formed,  embracing  the 
present  Counties  of  Sandusky,  Seneca,  Wyan- 
dot, Marion,  Hardin,  Hancock,  Wood,  Lucas, 
Fulton,  Henry,  Putnam,  Allen,  Auglaize,  Van 
Wert,  Pauliling,  Williams  and  Defiance,  entire  ; 
and  the  most  of  the  Counties  of  Ottawa,  Craw- 
ford, Morrow,  Logan,  Union,  Shelby  and  Mer- 
cer. It  will  be  borne  in  mind,  that  prior  to 
the  treaty  with  the  Indians  at  the  foot  of  the 
Rapids  of  the  Maumee,  in  1817,  all  this  section, 
save  the  few  Eeservations  of  the  treaty  of 
Greenville  (1705),  was  within  the  Indian  Ter- 
ritory and  not  subject  to  civil  authority.  The 
state  of  things  in  this  respect  during  that  pe- 
riod of  22  3" ears,  is  indicated  by  the  accompany- 
ing section  of  a  map  of  the  State  of  Ohio,  pub- 
lished in  1815.  From  that,  the  lines  of  demar- 
kation  between  civil  government  and  savage 
domination,  will  be  readily  seen.  Within  the 
territory  thus  wholly  given  up  to  Indian  ])os- 
sossion  and  use,  was  found  in  1880,  a  thriving 
population  of  nearly  600,(100  white  inhabitants, 
while  there  was  then  probably  not  left  a  single 
representative  of  the  powerful  tribes  so  long 
undisjiuted  in  their  possession  of  the  country 
named.  The  contrast  of  results  of  civilization 
and  barbarism,  could  hardly  be  more  clearly 
pi'esented,  than  is  done  in  the  case  of  that  ter- 
ritory during  the  unrecorded  centuries  of  In- 
dian control  and  the  70  years  of  white  pos- 
session. 

The  first  officer  exercising  civil  authority  in 
the  Maumee  Valle}',  was  Amos  Spafibrd,  Collec- 
tor of  Customs  for  the  District  of  Miami,  ap- 
pointed by  President  Madison  in  1810.  The 
Collector's  office  was  at  Maumee.  In  1814  his 
fees  amounted  to  $2.50;  his  rent  for  office,  $10.00; 


and   his   fuel    and    stationery,   $15.75;  a   total 
charge  to  the  Government  for  the  year  of  $28.25. 

The  first  Postoffice  established  between  the 
Eiver  Raisin  (Monroe,  Mich.)  and  Ijower  San- 
dusky (Fremont),  and  between  the  Maumee 
Bay  and  the  present  site  of  Chicago,  was  located 
on  the  Westerly  or  Maumee  side  of  the  .Mau- 
mee River,  opposite  the  location  of  Fort  Meigs, 
subsequently  built.  The  first  Postmaster 
within  that  territory  was  Amos  Spafford, 
whose  commission  bore  date  of  June  0,  1810. 
In  181(),  Almon  Gibbs  was  Postmaster  at  that 
point,  his  pay  for  that  year  having  been  $14.28. 

The  few  settlers  in  this  vicinity  suffered   se- 
verely  upon  the  breaking  out   of  the  war  of 
1812,  from  Indian  depredations  upon  their  lim- 
ited property,  and  after  the  close   of  the  war, 
they  presented  to  the  Government  claims  for 
compensation  for  such  losses,  which  included 
those  of  Amos    Spafford,    Samuel    H.   Ewing, 
Jesse    Skinner,    Daniel     Hull,     Thos.      Dick, 
Samuel  Ewing,    Wm.    Carter,    James    Carlin, 
Oliver   A.    Armsti-ong,  Geo.   Blacock,    James 
Slawson,  Wm.    Peters,    Ambrose   Hickox  and 
Richard  Sifford.       Among   the  claims    made, 
was  that  of  James  Carlin,  of  $110  for  dwelling- 
house  or  cabin  burned,  $58  for  blacksmith  shop 
burned,  $30  for  a  colt  2  years  old,    taken   by 
Wyandot  Indians.     Oliver  Armstrong  claimed 
$(30  for  a  horse  taken  from  him.      Beside  these 
were    losses    of  barns,    outhouses    and    dwell- 
ings; wheat  of  six  acres  in  a  barn    burned;  4 
tons  of  hay,  clothing,  bed-clothing,  etc.      The 
aggregate   of  the  claims    made    was   between 
$4J00()  and  $5,000.       For  the  purpose  of  bring- 
ing the  matter  definitely  to  the   attention    of 
C^ongress,  a  meeting  of  the   claimants  was  held 
at  the  house  of  Amos  Spaftbrd,  November  8tli, 
1815,  when  Mr.  Spafford  and   Captain    Daniel 
Hull  were  appointed  a  committee  to  wait  ujion 
General   W.  H.  Harrison,   then  soon  to    ])as8 
through  to  Detroit, and  request  his  co-operation 
in    securing   the    allowance    of    their    claims. 
Under  such  appointment  Major  Spati'oi'tl   visit- 
ed Washington,  and  succeeded  in  securing  par- 
tial damages  for  the  sufferers.      These  pioneer 
settlers    were    especiallj'    unfortunate,    being 
subject  to  three  sources  of    loss — Indian    and 
British  depredations  and   the  seizure  of  their 
crops  for  the  use  of  the  L^nited    States  troo])8. 
Most  of  the  settlers  were  driven  from  the  field 
of  war,  and  remained  abroad  until  the  close  of 
hostilities,  when  they  returned,  to   begin  anew 
without  dwelling  or  other  conveniences.  Their 
first  recourse  for  building  material  was   to  the 


[285] 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


NOETHWESTBEN    OHIO    IN    1817. 


few  hulks  of  transports  employed  by  the  Gov- 
ernment, and  the  pickets  and  block  houses  of 
Fort  Meigs.  The  strife  for  possession  of  these 
became  active  and  somewhat  bitter,  and  was 
ended  by  the  torch  of  an  incendiary,  applied  at 
night  to  the  structures  of  the  Fort,  almost  en- 
tirely destroying  its  remains.  This  depend- 
ence gone,  the  destitute  settlers  were  without 
supplies  for  constructing  buildings,  except  what 
the  forest  trees  furnished,  and  with  no  means 
but  the  ax  for  making  these  available. 

To  add  to  the  serious  trials  to  which  these 
settlers  were  subjected,  the  title  to  the  lands 
occupied  by  them  was  brought  in  question. 
These  had  been  purchased,  as  parts  of  the  12 
miles  square  Eeserve,  under  the  treaty  of 
Greenville,  and  as  within  a  tract  one  mile 
square,  which,  by  mistake,  had  been  a  second 
time  ceded  at  the  treaty  of  Brownstown,  subse- 


quent to  the  purchase  by  the  settlers.  They 
had  no  more  than  become  settled  after  their 
return  at  the  close  of  the  war,  than  Congress 
ordered  the  sale  of  the  tract  occupied  by  them. 
In  a  letter  to  President  Madison  on  the  sub- 
ject, Major  Amos  vSpatford  made  a  strong  ap- 
peal in  behalf  of  these  sufferers,  and  asked  that 
the  time  and  location  of  the  sale  might  be  so 
fixed,  that  they  could  have  opportunity  for  se- 
curing the  lands  held  by  them.  In  his  letter 
Major  Spattbrd  said  :  "  Should  the  time  not 
be  known,  or  the  place  of  sale  be  so  remote 
that  myself  and  others  could  not  attend,  all 
would  be  lost.  First,  burned  by  the  eneniy; 
secondly,  destroyed  by  our  own  Array;  and 
thirdly,  sold  out  by  an  act  of  Government,  to 
whom  we  don't  know.  This  would  be  the  last 
sacrifice  that  we  could  possibly  make."  The 
sale  was  finally  held  at  Fort  Meigs,  the  settlers 


CIVIL  GOVERNMENT  ESTABLISHED. 


2S7 


obtaining  titles  to  tlieir  lands  without  competi- 
tion. 

Upon  the  release  of  the  Indian  title  in  1817, 
this  region  was  first  brought  under  full  State 
authority.  The  first  Township  organization 
here  was  that  of  Waynesfield,  in  ISlti,  ombrac- 
iug  only  the  reservation  at  the  foot  of  the  Eap- 
ids.  The  first  election  took  place  at  the 
house  of  Aurora  Spaftbrd,  25  electors  then  vot- 
ing. 

Upon  tlie  surrender  of  Indian  possession, 
in  1817,  the  County  of  Logan  was  organized, 
with  its  seat  of  justice  at  Bellefontaine.  It 
embraced  this  region.  In  1820  were  formed 
tlie  Counties  of  Wood,  Williams,  Putnam,  San- 
dusk}',  Seneca,  Crawford,  Marion,  llardiii  and 
Hancock,  all  from  the  old  Indian  territory. 
Wood  County  included  a  portion  of  the  present 
Lucas  County,  embracing  Toledo.  The  first 
Court  to  convene  in  the  Valley  of  the  Maumee, 
was  held  at  Maumee  City,  May  3,  1820,  that  be- 
ing the  seat  of  justice.  It  was  composed  of 
President  Judge  George  Tod  (father  of  the  late 
Governor  David  Tod),  and  Associate  Judges 
Br.  Hoi-atio  Conaut,  Peter  G.  Oliver  and 
Samuel  Vance.  The  Grand  Jurors  for  the 
term  were  Wni.  H.  Bostwick  (foreman),  Aaron 
Granger,  John  T.  Baldwin,  Parris  M.  Plum, 
Aurora  Spatford,  Jeremiah  Johnson,  Wm. 
Pratt,  Kichard  Gunn,  Collister  Haskins, 
Epiiraim  H.  Learning,  Josephus  Tilor,  Daniel 
Murray,  John  HoUister,  John  J.  Lovett  and 
Norman  L.  Freeman. 

The  first  session  of  the  Board  of  Commis- 
sioners of  Wood  County,  a.ssembled  April  12th, 
1820,  in  Almon  Gibbs's  store  building  in  Mau- 
mee. They  were :  Samuel  H.  Ewing,  David 
Ilubbell  and  John  Pray.  The  Board  at  that 
time  appointed  William  Pratt  County  Treasu- 
rer. May  3d,  Seneca  Allen,  then  County  Audi- 
tor, was  appointed  Clerk  to  the  Board,  and 
David  Hull  filed  hie  bond  as  Sheriff.  C.  G. 
McCurdy  was  then  the  Prosecuting  Attorney, 
and  Thomas  R.  McKnight,  Clerk  of  the  Court. 
.  General  John  E.  Hunt  was  Assessor  of  property 
taxation;  and  David  Hull,  Tax  Collector.  At 
this  session  Prosecuting  Attorney  McCurdy  was 
paid  $20,  the  allowance  of  the  court  for  services 
at  its  first  session;  and  Thomas  R.  McKnight 
123,  as  Clerk  at  the  same  session;  Almon  Gibbs 
was  allowed  140  for  the  use  of  his  building  as 
the  Court  House  for  one  jear  from  May  3d, 
1820;  J.  E.  Hunt,  811.28  for  services  as  Lister 
of  taxable  property  and  House  Appraiser;  and 
Hunt  &  Forsyth  $lG.12i  for  stationery.  This 
session  was  held  at  Maumee.  August  12,  1820, 
the  Board,  on  petition  of  citizens  of  Damascus, 
Henry  County  (not  then  organized),  that 
Township  was  temporarily  attached  to  the 
Township  of  Auglaize,  then  in    Wood    County. 

In  December,  1820,  the  County  Commission- 
ers were  John  Pray,  David  Hiibbell  and  John 
E.Hunt.  In  March,  1822,  the  Commissioners 
appointed  Thomas  W.  Powell  County  Auditor, 


and  in  June  following,  Walter  Colton  (father 
of  the  late  Carlos  Colton  of  Toledo)  was  ap- 
pointed County  Treasurer. 

The  Countj'-Seat  of  Wood  Count}-  having 
been  removed  from  Maumee  to  I'errysburg, 
the  Commissioners  met  at  the  latter  place, 
March  19,  1823,  for  the  purpose  of  prejjaring 
suitable  County  buildings.  The  Board  then 
consisted  of  John  Pray,  Samuel  Spaftbrd  and 
Hiram  P.  Barlow.  At  that  session  so  much  of 
the  Township  of  Auglaize  as  was  ('(jntaincd  in 
the  unorganized  County  of  llenr}'  was  set 
off  and  organized  into  a  Township  by  the 
name  of  Damascus;  and  so  much  of  the  Town- 
ship of  Waynesfield  as  was  included  in  the 
unorganized  County  of  Hancock,  was  set  off 
into  a  Township  and  named  Findlay,  the  first 
election  in  which  was  held  at  the  house  of 
Wilson  Vance,  July  1,  1823.  At  the  .same  time 
the  Townshijj  of  Perrysburg  was  organized,  to 
include  so  much  of  Waynesfield  Township  as 
then  lay  South  of  the  channel  of  the  Maumee 
River,  from  the  West  line  of  the  County,  to  the 
line  between  the  original  surveyed  Townships 
one  and  four  in  the  United  States  Reserve; 
thence  the  North  channel  to  the  State  line.  At 
the  session  of  the  Board  held  in  March,  1824, 
the  claim  of  Guy  Nearing  (uncle  of  Mars 
Nearing  of  Toledo)  and  Daniel  Hubbell,  for 
erecting  the  Court  House  at  Perrysburg,  was 
allowed.  The  population  of  the  County  of 
Wood  in  1820  was  7.32,  and  l,o;)(f  in  1830.  The 
taxable  valuation  in  1820  was  188,880;  of  which 
$40,704  was  in  real  estate,  $23,230  in  town  lots 
and  buildings,  and  $24,952  in  personal  pi-op- 
erty. 

Port  Lawrence  as  a  Township  of  Monroe 
County,  Michigan,  was  organized  May  27,  1827. 
Among  the  first  officers  of  the  Township  were, 
N.  A.  Whitney,  John  G.  Forbs  and  Daniel 
Murray,  Assessors ;  J.  V.  D.  Sutphen,  Clerk ; 
John  T.  Baldwin,  Supervisor;  Tibbals  Bald- 
win, Collector ;  John  Walworth  and  Coleman 
I.  Keeler,  Overseers  of  Poor  ;  Kli  Baldwin  and 
William  Wilson,  Commissioners  of  Highways  ; 
John  Roots  and  Tibbals  Baldwin,  Constables; 
and  Benj.  F.  Stickney,  Pound  Master.  At  this 
first  Township  election  29  votes  were  cast,  by 
the  following  electors,  to  wit:  John  T.  Bald- 
win, J.  V.  D.  Sutphen,  Noah  A.  Whitney, 
John  G.  Forbs,  Daniel  Murray,  Tibbals  Bald- 
win, John  Walworth,  Eli  Hubbard,  Coleman 
I.  Keeler,  Wm.  Wilson,  Alvin  Kvans,  John 
Roop,  Cyrus  Fisher,  Wm.  Mills,  B.  F.  Stickney, 
John  Baldwin,  Seneca  Allen,  Amos  Wait,  Win. 
Wilkerson,  Wm.  Sibley,  Amasa  Bishop,  Charles' 
Richards,  Jesse  Mills,  Josei)h  Prentice,  Henry 
Phillips,  Ebenezer  Ward,  Thos.  I'.  AVliitiiey, 
Wm.  Holmes  and  Jacob  Navarre. 

The  Township  embraced  about  one-half  of 
the  present  Lucas  County,  and  was  divided 
into  two  Road  Districts.  The  first  Road  laid 
out  in  the  Township  was  in  June,  1827. 

July  27,  1827,  the  annual  Territorial  election 


288 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


was  held,  when  Austin  B.  Wing  was  chosen 
Delegate  to  Congress,  and  Charles  Noble  as  a 
member  of  the  Legislative  Council,  both  being 
residents  of  Monroe. 

March  30,  1830,  the  Koad  Commissioners  de- 
clared it  to  be  of  public  utility  to  adopt  the 
Territorial  road,  as  it  then  ran  from  the 
mouth  of  Swan  Creek  to  where  it  crosses  the 
Township  line  on  the  North,  as  a  public  road. 

In  1828,  $23.42  was  paid  for  "destroying 
blackbirds;"  and  in  1832,  a  bounty  of  $2.50 
each  for  Wolf  scalps  was  voted. 

At  the  annual  election  of  1831,  59  votes  were 
cast,  and  in  1833,  70  votes.  At  this  latter  elec- 
tion the  names  of  Sanford  L.  Collins,  Stephen 
B.  Comstock,  Oliver  Stevens,  Munson  H.  Dan- 
iels, and  James  M.  Whitney  appear  on  the 
poll-list.  Of  these,  Messrs.  Collins  and  Stevens 
are  now  (1887)  living. 

In  April,  1835,  the  election  under  direction 
of  the  Legislative  Council  of  Michigan,  was 
held  at  the  School-house  on  Ten- Mile  Creek 
Prairie.  Horace  Thacher  and  Stephen  Haugh- 
ton  voted  at  this  time,  the  former  being  now  a 
resident  of  Toledo.  This  was  the  last  election 
held   in    the    Township    under    anthority   of 


Michigan;  and  the  last  recorded  action  under 
the  same  authority,  consisted  in  laying  out  a 
road  between  Tremainesville  and  Toledo  (now 
Cherry  Street). 

Among  the  laws  enacted  for  the  territory 
now  the  site  of  Toledo,  was  the  following.  Its 
re-enactment  by  the  Legislature  of  Ohio,  might 
meet  with  more  resistance  than  did  the  original 
action  in  this  section: 

Be  it  enacted  hi)  the  General  Legislative  Comicll  of  the 
Territory,  That  an_y  Justice  of  the  Peace,  on  convic- 
tion, may  sentence  any  vagrant,  lewd,  idk'  or  disor- 
derly person.s,  .stubborn  servants,  common  drunk- 
ards, common  night-walkers,  pilferer.s,  or  any  other 
persons  wanton  or  licentious  in  speech,  indecent 
behavior,  common  raiders  or  brawlers,  such  as  neg- 
lect their  calling  or  employment,  misspend  what* 
they  earn,  and  do  not  provide  for  themselves  or  their 
families,  to  be  whipped  not  exceeding  ten  stripes,  or 
to  be  delivered  over  to  the  Constable,  to  be  employed 
in  labor,  not  exceding  three  months,  by  such  Con- 
stable to  be  hired  out  for  tlie  best  wages  that  can  be 
jjrocured,  the  i^roceeds  of  which  to  be  applied  to  the 
use  of  the  poor  of  the  ('ounty. 

Made,  adopted  and  published  at  Detroit,  the  27th 
day  of  July,  1818. 

Lewis  Cass, 
Governor  of  the  Territory  of  Michigan. 


CHAPTER    III. 


THE    DISPUTED   BOUNDARY    AND    THE    TOI.EDC)    WAR. 


THE  early  histoiy  of  Toledo  and  of  Lucas 
County  is  associated  with  the  most  serious 
question  of  boundary  that  has  arisen  within  the 
Northwest.  In  fact,  Toledo  was  a  chief  cause, 
as  Lucas  County  was  chiefly  a  result,  of  such 
dispute.  The  difficulty,  as  already  intimated, 
arose  in  a  disagreement  as  to  the  boundary 
line  between  the  State  of  Ohio  and  the  Terri- 
tory' of  Michigan,  and  was  the  result  of  a  lack 
of  due  care  on  the  part  of  those  who  originally 
undertook  to  fix  tiiat  line.  It  was  not,  as  gen- 
erally viuderstood,  a  dispute  between  Ohio  and 
Michigan,  as  parties  thereto,  for  the  reason 
that  the  former,  a  sovereign  State  of  the  Union, 
could  not,  in  the  nature  of  the  case,  have  such 
dispute  with  the  latter,  a  Territor3-,  the  crea- 
ture of  Congress  and  wholly  subject,  for  both 
its  existence  and  its  condition,  to  the  will  of 
that  body.  The  issue  was  between  Ohio  and 
the  United  States,  and  all  done  in  the  case 
in  the  name  of  Michigan  Territory,  was  unau- 
thorized by  any  existing  law.  It  was  a  ques- 
tion of  boundary  between  the  domain  of  a 
State  and  that  of  the  Federal  Government. 
The  only  "War"  in  that  connection  arose  in 
the  unwarrantable  attempt  of  the  Territorial 
authorities  of  Michigan  to  exercise  authority 
which  belonged  not  to  them,  but  to  the  United 
States. 

The  source  and  nature  of  that  boundary 
question,  will  best  be  shown  by  a  brief  state- 
ment of  the  case.  Under  the  Ordinance  of 
1787,  the  territory  Northwest  of  the  Ohio 
Eiver  was  given  a  temporary  Government 
under  the  name  of  the  Territory  of  the  North- 
west. It  embraced  what  now  constitutes  the 
States  of  Ohio,  Michigan,  Indiana,  Illinois  and 
Wisconsin.  The  "Louisiana  Purchase,"  includ- 
ing territory  West  of  the  Mississippi,  was 
made  subsequent  to  that  time.  In  1790,  the 
Northwest  Territory  was  composed  of  five 
Counties,  with  names  and  boundaries  as  fol- 
lows: Wayne — including  the  settlements  on 
the  Maumee,  Eaisin  and  Detroit  Elvers,  with 
its  seat  of  justice  at  Detroit ;  Washington — 
comprising  all  that  portion  of  the  present 
State  of  Ohio,  within  40  miles  of  the  Ohio 
Elver  and  between  the  Little  Miami  and  Mus- 
kingum liivers,  with  Mai'ietta  for  its  County- 
seat  ;  Hamilton — embracing  the  region  be- 
tween the  Little  and  the  Great  Miami,  and 
within  40  miles  of  the  Ohio,  with  Cincinnati  as 
the  seat  of  justice;  Knox — containing  the 
counti-y  near  to  the  Ohio  and  between  the 
Great  Miami  and  the  Wabash  Elvers,  having 


[289] 


Vincennes  as  its  County-seat  ;  and  St.  (lair — 
embracing  the  settlements  up(in  the  Illinois 
and  Kaskaskia  Rivers,  as  well  as  those  ujion 
the  Upper  Mis8issi]>pi,  tlu'.  seat  of  justice  being 
at  Kaskaskia. 

By  the  ordinance  of  17S7,  it  was  ])r()vi(led, 
that  when  a  State  should  be  formed  of  the  East- 
ern portion  of  the  Territory,  it  would  include 
the  territory  "  l^'ing  North  of  line  di-awn 
East  and  West,  through  the  Southern  extreme 
of  Lake  Michigan,"  which  should  remain  a  por- 
tion of  such  State,  until  suci>  territory  should 
contain  60,000  inhabitants.  In  disregard  of 
this  provision,  however,  the  enabling  act  of 
Congress  (1802)  jjroviding  for  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  State  of  Ohio,  fixed  the  Northern 
boundary  of  the  proposed  State  on  the  line 
above  mentioned,  whereby  what  is  now  Michi- 
gan was  excluded  from  the  pro])osed  State  and 
attached  to  the  Territory  of  Indiana,  with  its 
seat  of  government  at  Vincennes,  a  distant  and 
very  inconvenient  point.  This  was  ver3'  unsat- 
isfactory to  the  inhabitants  of  that  region,  who 
j)rotested  positively  against  it.  It  was  not  long, 
however  (1805),  before  the  Territory  of  Michi- 
gan was  established,  with  its  Capital  at  Detroit, 
which  at  once  allayed  all  feeling  on  this  sub- 
ject. Had  the  terms  of  the  ordinance  of  1787 
been  complied  with,  the  Michigan  Peinii- 
sula  would  have  constituted  a  portion  of 
Ohio  until  it  shoidd  have  attained  the  requi- 
site (60,000)  population  for  a  State  Gov- 
ernment. Different  reasons  were  given  for  this 
unexpected  exclusion  of  Michigan  from  Ohio, 
among  which  were  the.se  :  1st.  An  apprehen- 
sion that  the  oj)position  of  the  inhabitants  of 
that  section  to  the  ])roposed  State  Government, 
might  prevent  such  movement.  2d.  The  fact 
that  they  were  politically  opposed  to  the  exist- 
ing Administration  (of  President  .lefFerson), 
whereby  it  was  feared  that,  with  them  included, 
Ohio  might  start  off  politically  a  "Federal" 
State.  Jacob  Burnet,  of  Cincinnati,  was  a 
leading  man  in  the  Territory,  and  was  polit- 
ically in  sympathy  with  the  excludeil  people. 
Sol.  Sibley,  of  Detroit,  was  a  member  of  the 
Territorial  Legislature,  and  August  2(1,  1802, 
he  addressed  to  Judge  Burnet  a  letter,  bitterly 
characterizing  the  plan  referred  to.  Among 
other  things,  he  said: 

We  thank  our  good  friends,  Judge  Syninics  ami 
ileigs  and  >Sir  Tliomas,  for  what  is  done.  They  fore- 
saw that  tlie  County  of  Wayne  would  be  a  dead- 
weiglit  against  them.  Unfortunately,  the  people  of 
this  County  are  too  little  practiced  in  false  politics,  tu 


290 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


answer  their  purposes.  You  state  in  your  letter,  that 
you  cannot  boliovc  that  the  "  Convention  will  accept 
the  law  as  it  now  stands,  with  the  clogs  that  hang 
about  it."  1  diU'ci-  with  you  in  opinion.  Nay,  I  am 
pci'suailcd  that  were  it  ten  tiiiu'S  more  degrading 
to  the  |icopl('  of  the  Tcri-itory  than  it  is,  it  woulil  be 
spi'i'dilv  snatched  at  by  a  majority, wiiich,  from  the  ex- 
chision'of  the  (lountyot  Wayne,  they  are  sure  of.  I 
will  do  everything  within  my  power  to  stir  up  the 
citizens  of  Wayne  County  to  claim  their  violated 
rights. 

There  were  several  questions  growing  out  of, 
and  connected  with  the  organization  of  the 
State  of  Ohio,  which  co-operated  to  cause  mis- 
understanding and  unkind  feelings  between 
the  people  of  what  is  now  Ohio  and  those  of 
ilicliigan.  In  tlie  first  place,  the  general  sen- 
timent seems  to  have  been  that  the  movement 
for  tlie  formation  of  a  State  Government  was 
premature  and  unwise.  It  was  not  the  act  of 
the  Territorial  Legislature  or  of  the  people,  as 
in  other  like  eases;  but  solely  that  of  Congress, 
not  only  without  suggestion  by  the  local 
autliorities,  but  against  their  known  will, 
and  upon  the  petition  of  a  few  individuals 
speaking  only  lor  themselves.  As  already 
suggested,  this  state  of  things  was  then 
believed  to  be  due  to  partisan  ends  sought 
in  the  formation  of  the  State.  Judge  Burnet 
in  his  "Notes  on  the  Northwestern  Territory" 
.says  that  so  strong  was  the  jiopular  feeling 
against  Jefferson  and  for  Mr.  Adams  in  the  bit- 
ter contest  of  18(1(1,  that  there  were  in  Hamilton 
County  but  four  persons  known  to  him  as 
su))porting  the  former,  to  wit:  Maj.  David 
Zeigler,  William  Henry  Harrison  (afterwards 
President),  Wm.  McMillen  and  John  Smith. 
The  feeling  in  Wayne  County,  now  Michigan, 
if  anything,  was  even  more  decided  in  the 
.same  direction. 

But  the  most  serious  of  the  results  of  the 
separation  of  Wayne  County  from  Ohio  in 
1802,  are  not  found  in  the  partisan  divisions 
of  that  da}-.  They  were  developed  in  the  ques- 
tion of  houiidary,  which  assumed  grave  magni- 
tude several  j-ears  later.  Of  this,  it  will  be 
fitting  here  to  make  as  brief  a  statement  as 
may  be  consistent  with  a  projicr  understanding 
of  its  merits : 

1.  As  already  stated,  by  the  ordinance  o£  1787,  cre- 
ating the  Territory  Northwest  of  the  Ohio,  the  line 
provide<l  foi-  tlie  Northern  boundary  of  the  State  to 
be  formed  of  that  territory  (subsecpiently  the  State 
of  Ohio),  was  "  an  Eastand  West  line,  drawn  through 
the  Southerly  bend  or  extreme  of  Lake  Michigan." 

2.  By  the  enabling  act  of  Congress,  under  which 
the  State  of  Ohio  was  organized  in  1,S02,  the  Northern 
boundary  of  the  same  was  stated  as  "  an  East  and 
West  line  drawn  through  the  troutherly  extreme  of 
Lake  Michigan." 

;;.  The  State  Constitvition,  formed  under  said  au- 
thority, declared  the  Northern  Ijoundary  of  the  State 
to  be ''an  East  and  West  line,  drawn  through  the 
Southerly  extreme  of  Lake  Michigan,  running  East," 
'•until  it  .shall  intersect  Lake  Erie,  or  the  Territo- 
rial line ; 

"  Fioiiihd,  Ihat  if  the  Scutherly  V;end  or  extreme  of 
Lake    Michigan    should   extend  so  far  South,  that 


a  line  drawn  d\ie  East  from  it  would  not  intersect 
Lake  Erie,  or  if  it  should  intersect  Lake  Erie 
East  of  the  mouth  of  the  Miami  of  tlie  Lake  (the  Mauniee 
River),  then,  ami  in  tliat  case,  with  tlio  assent  of 
Congress,  the  Northern  boundary  of  this  State  shall 
be  established  by,  and  extending  to,  a  direct  line  run- 
ning from  the  Southern  extremity  of  Lake  Michigan 
to  the  most  Norllieiiij  ('ape  of  the  Miami  (  Mauiuee )  Bai/, 
after  intersecting  tlie  due  North  line  from  the  mouth 
of  the  (ireat  Miami  River." 

As  will  be  seen,  the  question  of  boundary 
thus  presented,  rested  on  what  sliould  prove  to 
be  the  Eastern  termination  of  a  line  drawn 
due  East  from  the  extreme  of  Lake  Michigan, 
the  uncertainty  as  to  which  seems  to  have  been 
recognized  by  the  Ohio  Convention  and  care- 
fully provided  against,  in  fixing  the  Northern 
line  of  the  projiosed  State.  In  his  "Notes," 
Judge  Jacob  Burnet,  a  prominent  and  active 
member  of  that  Convention,  and  subsequently  a 
United  States  Senator  from  Ohio,  says  it  was 
generally  known  to  those  who  had  consulted 
the  maps  of  the  Western  country  extant  at 
the  time  the  ordinance  of  1787  was  passed, 
that  Lake  Michigan  was  represented  thereon  as 
far  North  of  the  position  which  it  has  since 
been  ascertained  to  occupy.  On  a  map  in 
the  State  Department,  which  was  the  guide 
of  the  Committee  of  Congre.ss  who  framed  the 
ordinance  of  1787,  the  Southern  extreme  of  that 
Lake  was  laid  down  as  near  the  42d  degree  of 
North  latituile  ;  and  there  was  a  pencil  line 
passing  through  the  Southern  l)eiid  of  the  Ijake 
to  the  Canada  line,  which  intersected  the  Strait 
between  the  River  Eaisin  (Monroe)  and  De- 
troit. Judge  Burnet  says  "  that  line  was  mani- 
festly intended  by  the  Committee  and  by  Con- 
gress, to  be  the  Northern  boundary  of  this 
State;  and  on  the  principles  on  which  Courts 
of  Chancery  construe  contracts,  accompanied 
by  plats,  that  map  and  the  line  marked  on  it 
should  have  been  taken  as  conclusive  evidence 
of  the  boundary,  without  reference  to  the  ac- 
tual position  of  the  Southern  extreme  of  the 
Lake."  During  the  se.ssion  of  the  Ohio  Con- 
vention, says  the  same  authority,  it  was  the 
common  understanding  that  the  maps  in  use 
were  not  correct,  and  that  the  line  should  ter- 
minate at  some  point  on  the  Strait,  far  above 
Maumee  Bay.  But  while  the  matter  was  un- 
der discussion,  a  man  who  had  hunted  many 
years  on  Lake  Michigan,  and  thus  was  well 
acquainted  with  its  position,  happened  to  be  at 
Chillicothe,  and  in  conversation  mentioned  that 
the  Lake  extended  further  South  than  was 
generally'  supposed;  and  that  a  map  he  had 
seen  placed  its  Southern  bend  many  miles 
North  of  its  true  position.  The  effect  of  such 
statement  was  serious  apprehension  on  the  sub- 
ject, and  led  to  the  change  of  line  from  that 
named  in  the  enabling  act  to  the  one  set  forth 
in  the  State  Constitution. 

It  is  said,  that  this  change  at  the  lime  was 
regarded  as  so  serious  a  matter,  that  some 
members  ol  the  Convention  hesitated  to  adopt 


OHIO  AND  MICHIGAN  BOl'MiARY. 


•JIM 


it,  lest  it  be  rejected  by  Congress  and  the  ad- 
mission of  the  State  into  tlie  Union  thereby  bo 
postponed.  But  it  was  finally  adopted  and 
subsequently  approved  by  Congress,  in  the 
acceptance  of  the  State  with  its  boundary  so 
fixed.  Major  B.  F.  Stickncy  says  the  man  wlio 
gave  the  information  at  Chiilicothe  in  regard 
to  Lake  Michigan's  real  position,  was  named 
Wells,  and  that  he  had  been  long  a  prisoner 
with  the  Indians  in  that  region,  and  had  thus 
become  familiar  with  the  facts. 

For  several  years  and  until  about  1812,  but 
little  seems  to  have  been  done  or  said  about 
this  matter.  At  that  time,  Amos  Spaftbrd,  the 
Collector  of  Customs  for  the  Miami  District,  on 
behalf  of  some  fifty  resident  families,  sent  the 
following  letter  to  the  Governor  of  Ohio: 

Miami  Rai'ids,  January  2:>,  1.S12. 
Sik:  It  appears  to  be  the  general  wish  of  the  people 
in  this  settlement  (which  consists  of  about  50  fami- 
lies), to  luive  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Ohio  extencled 
over  them,  as  we  consider  ourselves  clearly  witliin 
the  limits  of  said  State.  The  few  who  object,  are 
those  who  hold  offices  under  the  Governor  of  Michi- 
gan, and  are  determined  to  enforce  their  laws.  Tbis 
is  considered  by  a  great  majority  of  the  inlialiitants 
as  usurpation  of  power  which  they  are  under  no  obli- 
gation to  adhere  to.  If  no  adjustment  should  take 
place,  I  fear  the  contention  will  ere  long  become 
serious.  Sir,  will  yon  have  tbe  goodness  to  inform 
the  people  here,  whether  there  has  been  any  under- 
standing between  the  State  of  Ohio  and  the  Governor 
of  Michigan  on  the  subject  of  jurisdiction,  together 
with  your  advice. 

I  am,  sir,  with  high  esteem. 

Your  obedient  servant, 

Amos  Si'affokij, 
Collector  of  Port  Miami. 

The  declaration  of  War  with  England,  which 
followed  in  June  of  that  year,  postponed  action 
in  this  matter,  beyond  the  passage  of  a  reso- 
lution by  Congress,  directing  a  survey  of  the 
boundary  line  to  be  made.  No  stejjs  to  that 
end  were  taken  until  1816-17,  when  Governor 
Cass,  in  behalf  of  Michigan,  took  measures  to 
secui'e  a  survey.  The  consent  of  the  Indians, 
who  yet  held  most  of  tbe  country  through 
which  the  line  would  pass,  was  obtained  by 
Major  B.  F.  Stickney,  by  request  of  Governor 
Cass,  when  the  General  Land  Office  directed  a 
Surveyor  (William  Harris)  to  run  the  line. 
When  this  was  accomplished,  it  was  discovered 
by  Governor  Cass  that  the  Land  Office  had  fur- 
nished the  Survej'or  with  a  copj-  of  the  Con- 
stitution of  Ohio,  instead  of  the  ordinance  of 
1787  or  the  enabling  act  of  1802,  for  his  guide. 
To  this  Governor  Cass  made  vigorous  protest 
and  complaint,  when  President  Monroe  directed 
a  second  line  to  be  run  due  East  from  the 
Southern  extreme  of  Lake  Michigan.  John  A. 
Fulton  was  the  Surveyor  in  this  case.  Hence, 
we  have  the  "  Harris  line,"  as  claimed  by  Ohio  ; 
and  the  "  Fulton  line,"  as  claimed  on  the  part 
of  Michigan. 

While  the  important  question  raised  by  these 
two  lines  was  at  the  time  recognized  in  Con- 


gress, as  well  as  in  Ohio  and  in  Michigan,  no 
stops  were  taken  toward  settling  it  for  man}' 
years  thereafter.  Meantime,  the  disputed  ter- 
ritory continued  largely'  under  the  jui-isdii-lion 
of  Michigan.  Now  and  then  the  matter  would 
come  up,  as  in  1821,  when  the  Assessor  of 
Waynestield  Township,  Wood  County,  Ohio, 
undertook  to  list  for  taxation  the  |)ropcrty  of 
settlers  between  the  Hari'is  and  Fulton  lines. 
The  fixct  was,  that  the  few  settlers  had  enough 
to  do,  without  stuilying  |iolilical  ([uestions. 
Thej'  found  forests  to  be  felled,  soil  to  be  sub- 
dued, educational  and  religious  advantages  to 
be  provided — in  a  word,  the  foundation  ol  civ- 
ilized society  and  the  means  of  living,  to  he 
secured;  and  hence,  had  little  time  to  examine 
or  discuss  a  disputed  b(jundary.  That  i[uestion 
would  full  soon  enough  become  j)ractieal  with 
them,  without  their  agency  in  inviting  the 
issue.  It  was  not  until  the  Northern  outlet  of 
the  Miami  and  Erie  Canal  came  up  for  deci- 
sion, that  the  boundary  (jucvstion  assumed  an 
importance  which  could  challenge  the  atten- 
tion of  the  resitlents.  The  connection  of  the 
two  matters  will  be  seen,  from  the  fact,  as 
then  assumed,  that  the  most  desirable  point  for 
such  terminus  was  at  Toledo,  within  the  dis- 
])uted  territory.  The  thought  of  Ohio  con- 
structing so  expensive  a  channel  of  trade,  and 
then  turning  its  tratlic  into  a  Michigaii  i)ort, 
was  not  to  be  entertained  ;  while  Michigan,  no 
doubt,  was  not  a  little  anxious  to  avail  herself 
of  whatever  advantage  might  thus  be  derived 
from  a  neighbor's  necessity. 

Progress  in  the  construction  of  the  Canal 
was  slow,  the  work  having  been  siispendctl  for 
several  years  after  a  large  portion  of  the  South- 
ern section  had  been  made.  The  completion 
of  the  Ohio  Canal  in  18:'.;!,  made  the  jieojile  in- 
terested in  the  Miami  and  Erie  very  impatient  ol 
delay;  and  as  interest  increased  in  the  work, 
the  question  of  the  Northern  outlet  assumed 
more  urgent  shajjc.  Dirt'erent  i)lans  were  pro- 
posed for  avoiding  the  "  rugged  issue  ''  of  the 
boundary  question.  Thus,  the  Towns  at  the 
foot  of  the  Rapids  (Man nice  City  and  Perrys- 
burg)  could  see  no  sufficient  grounds  for  trouble 
in  that  conneciion,  since  the  Canal  could 
as  well  or  even  better  be  locked  into  the  Iviver, 
and  transhipment  to  Lake  craft  be  made  there, 
or  the  Canal  Boats  be  towed  to  Toledo  by  the 
River.  Hence,  those  Towns  felt  no  solicitude 
on  account  of  the  boundary  question,  but  on 
the  contrary,  i|uite  the  reverse. 

Then,  again,  the"  Sandusky  Bay  Navigation 
Company"  proposed  to  aid  in  the  peaceful  dis- 
posal of  the  Canal  traffic.  That  cori)oralion 
was  chartered  by  the  Ohio  Legislature  dni-ing 
the  winter  of  1834-5,  at  the  time  when  the 
outlet  of  the  Canal  was  a  pressing  matter.  The 
corporators  were  John  G.  Camp,  Isaac  Mills, 
Oran  Follett*  and  AVilliam  Neill,  of  Sandusky, 

*  Mr.  Follett  is  yet  (1887)  a  resident  of  Sandusky. 


292 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


who  had  then  recently  purchased  a  large  por 
tion  of  tho  plat  of  that  City.  The  purpose  of 
the  Navigation  Company  was,  so  far  as  pos- 
sible, to  make  Sandusky  the  real  terminus  of 
the  Miami  and  Erie  anil  the  Wabash  and  Erie 
Canals.  This  was  to  be  accomplished  through 
a  connection  of  the  Maumee  and  Sandusky 
Bays,  by  means  of  a  Canal  across  the  Penin- 
fjula— Mud  ('reek  and  Tortage  River  being 
u.sed  for  a  portion  of  the  way.  The  entire  dis- 
tance between  tlie  Bay.s  is  about  two  miles.  It 
was  believed  by  the  projectors  of  this  enterprise, 
that  thereby  Sandusky  might  receive  as  mucli 
benefit  from  the  Canals  named,  as  would  the 
points  of  termini  on  the  Maqmee  Eiver  ;  while 
the  Lake  voyage  to  and  from  the  East  would  be 
shortened  by  seventy  miles.  No  record  is 
found  of  any  steps  taken  toward  the  construc- 
tion of  the  "  Sandusky  and  Maumee  Canal." 

Referring  to  this  feature  of  the  controversy, 
Mr.  Andrew  Palmer,  among  the  most  promi- 
nent and  influential  of  citizens  of  Toledo  in 
support  of  Ohio's  claim,  says  it  should  be  noted 
that  this  was  before  the  utility  of  Railroads 
had  measurably  superseded  Canals  ;  and  that 
there  was  among  the  earlier  settlers  of  Toledo 
a  strong  conviction,  that  their  success  in  build- 
ing up  a  Town  depended  largely  upon  secur- 
ing the  terminus  of  the  Wabash  and  Erie  Canal 
— a  work  in  which  Indiana  and  Ohio  were  then 
about  to  embark.  Coupled  with  this  convic- 
tion, was  the  belief  that  there  was  a  strong  in- 
fluence being  exerted  at  Detroit  and  Monroe, 
to  thwart  them  in  their  efforts  to  build  u])  a 
Town  at  Toledo  ;  that  such  was  the  chief  motive 
for  the  adverse  action  of  Miciiigan  to  the  claim 
of  Ohio  to  the  disputed  territorj',  including  tiie 
commercial  harbor  at  the  mouth  of  the  Maumee ; 
and  that  such  influence  was  sufficient  to  con- 
trol the  authorities  of  Michigan.  Such  feeling 
on  the  part  of  Detroit  and  Monroe,  it  was  be- 
lieved, had  its  source  in  the  ajjprehension  that 
should  a  commercial  Town  grow  up  at  Toledo, 
it  would  seriously  cripple  the  trade  of  those 
points,  b}'  taking  from  them  the  interior  trade 
on  which  their  growth  so  largely  depended. 
On  the  other  hand,  Mr.  Palmer  says  that  the 
consideration  which  induced  these  Michigan 
rivals  to  desire  to  get  Toledo  from  Ohio, 
operated  with  even  greater  force  upon  the 
people  of  Toledo  to  see  their  young  Town  ])er- 
manently  fixed  in  Ohio.  In  this  way  he  would 
explain  much  of  the  excessive  zeal  manifested 
bj-  them  in  su])]iort  of  Ohio's  claims. 

The  discussion  of  ways  and  means  of  outlet, 
without  necessity  for  disturbing  the  boundary 
question,  only  intensified  the  anxietj'  of  most  of 
the  Toledo  people  for  prompt  and  vigorous 
steps  for  their  own  permanent  location  in  Ohio. 
Without  that,  as  they  assumed,  there  could  be 
no  Canal  for  them. 

Among  the  active  men  of  Toledo  at  that  time, 
was  Dr.  Jacob  Clark,  who  came  early  in  1834, 
and  at  once  engaged  in  merchandising  in  what 


was  known  as  "  Lower  Town "  or  Vistula. 
The  Canal  location  was  then  pressing  itself 
most  urgently  upon  the  residents,  while  the 
boundary  question,  as  an  element  in  the  case, 
was  no  less  absorbing.  The  State  authorities, 
while  anxious  to  proceed  with  the  Canal,  and 
fully  satisfied  that  Toledo  was  the  proper  point 
for  its  outlet,  were  at  the  same  time  reluctant 
to  force  an  issue,  the  result  of  which  might  be 
unsatisfactory.  They  were  in  just  the  state  to 
need  prodding.  Dr.  Clark  tells  how  that 
timely  service  was  performed.  He  states,  that 
ill  the  Spring  of  1834,  three  J'oung  men  came 
to  Toledo — J.  Baron  Davis  and  J.  W.  Fellows, 
from  Troy,  New  York;  and  James  Irvine 
Browne, from  Easton, Pennsylvania.  The  latter, 
as  the  agent  of  the  proprietors,  started  the  To- 
ledo Herald,  in  the  Summer  of  1834,  that  being 
the  first  paper  published  in  Toledo,  and  the 
.second  iu  Northwestern  Ohio.  These  three 
young  men,  with  Dr.  Clark,  constructed  a 
shanty,  in  which  they  lived,  keeping  "  Bach- 
elor's Hall."  The  building  stood  near  the  cor- 
ner of  Summit  and  Locust  Streets.  Here  they 
spent  a  portion  of  the  season  of  1834.  The 
Canal  had  then  been  located  as  far  North  as 
Maumee,  where  it  was  to  be  "  locked  into  the 
River,"  and  the  question  was  whether  it  should 
be  continued  further  North.  The  Engineer 
in  charge  of  the  work,  had  given  as  his  opinion 
that  the  River  between  that  point  and  Toledo 
was  not  navigable  for  the  class  of  vessels  which 
the  trade  would  demand.  Dr.  Clark  says  the 
Canal  location  and  the  boundary  question  con- 
stituted the  one  absorbing  theme  of  discussion 
with  himself  and  his  associates  of  tho  shanty, 
as  with  all  other  residents  of  Toledo.  Under 
such  state  of  things,  Mr.  Davis  obtained  copies 
of  the  surveys  of  the  Harris  and  Fulton  lines 
of  boundary. 

The  Doctor  says  tlie  two  survej's  were  read  aiul 
compared,  when  he  remarked  that  Michigan  had  tlie 
best  right— that  the  Fulton  line,  running  .South  of  the 
City,  seemed  to  lie  tlie  proper  one.  But  Davis  and 
the  other  men  contended  tliat  the  other  survey  was 
the  correct  one.  Davis  remarked,  "  Well,  it  doesn't 
matter  ;  we  claim  that  the  Northerly  line  is  the  boun- 
dary between  Ohio  and  the  Territory  of  Micliigan.  It 
lias  been  in  Congress  for  a  number  of  years,  and  they 
have  done  nothing  with  it,  and  they  never  will  until 
there  is  a  fuss  ;  and  tlie  only  thing  that  we  can  do  to 
■settle  the  question,  is  for  us  of  Port  Lawrence  and 
Vistula  to  declare  our.selves  under  the  authority  of 
Ohio,  elect  our  judicial  officers,  wliich  will  arouse 
Micliigan,  and  tliere  will  be  war,  and  we'll  get  up  a 
stir  and  interest  sutticient  to  have  Congress  settle  .the 
boundar)-  cjuestion.  Ohio  lias  thirteen  members  of 
Congress;  Michigan  is  a  Territory  with  iittle  repre- 
sentation, and  as  Congress  is  strongly  Democratic,  we 
can  make  it  a  political  question,  and  shove  the  thing 
right  through."  Davis  said  this  more  in  the  way  of 
a  joke  than  otherwise  ;  but  the  joke  was  talked  over, 
until  ill  a  few  days  tlie  discussion  became  quite  a  se- 
rious matter.  A  little  reflection,  however,  showed 
them  that  tlic  independent  action  tlius  proposed  for 
a  mere  liandful  of  residents,  without  power  or  in- 
fluence, might  prove  too  much  for  them.  The  result 
of  tlieir  deliberations  was,  that  tliev  would  communi- 


OHIO  AND  MICHIGAN  BOUNDARY. 


293 


cate  witli  Governor  Lucas  on  the  subject,  and  ask 
him  to  extend  the  State's  jurisdiction  over  the  dis- 
puted territory,  by  ajipointing  local  oHicers.  To  this 
the  Governor  replied,  that  he  possessed  no  authority 
for  such  action,  but  he  would  at  its  next  session  call 
the  attention  of  tlu'  Legislature  to  the  matter,  which 
body  he  had  no  doubt  would  take  i)roper  action  in 
the  prennses.  This  postponed  all  steps  in  the  case 
until  the  next  winter,  and  deferred  the  earnest  hope 
of  the  Tole<.!o  people  for  the  same  time. 

A  public  meeting  was  held  at  Toledo  in  No- 
vember, 1834,  to  consider  the  matter  of  the 
boundary  question,  and  more  specially  to  in- 
duce such  action  on  the  part  of  Ohio  as  should 
assert  and  maintain  her  proper  jurisdiction 
over  the  disputed  territory.  The  prevailing 
sentiment  on  that  occasion  was  in  that  direc- 
tion, but  it  was  not  unamimous.  Michigan  was 
not  without  its  supporters  there.  Among  these 
was  Captain  Samuel  Allen,  who  gave  reasons 
why  he  favored  the  claim  of  Michigan.  He 
said  the  geographical  position  of  Toledo  iden- 
tified it  in  interest  with  and  made  it  ]irop- 
erly  a  part  of  Michigan.  Tlie  Black  Swam]>, 
lying  at  the  East  and  South,  practically  cut 
off  Toledo  from  Ohio,  with  which  for  many 
years  there  could  be  but  little  communica- 
tion. On  the  other  hand,  the  Town  lay  im- 
mediately on  the  border  of  the  most  im- 
proved portion  of  Michigan,  with  which  it 
was  already  in  direct  communication  by  water, 
by  Railroad  and  otherwise.  In  Michigan, 
Toledo  would  become  "  the  pet "  of  the  Ter- 
ritory, and  of  the  State  soon  to  be  formed. 
To  such  strong  points  was  opposed  the  single 
cf)nsideration  of  the  Canals  then  in  contempla- 
tion, which,  as  claimed,  would  come  to  Toledo 
if  Toledo  should  be  in  Ohio,  but  not,  if  in  Mich- 
igan. The  thought  of  permitting  the  advan- 
tages to  arise  from  those  improvements  to 
inure  to  Toledo's  rivals — Maumee  and  Perrvs- 
burg — fully  overcame  Captain  Allen's  argu- 
ments, and  controlled  the  sense  of  the  meeting 
and  its  action  in  support  of  Ohio's  claim. 

In  accordance  with  his  pi'omise,  Governor 
Lucas  called  the  attention  of  the  Legislature 
to  the  importance  of  prompt  measures  for  as- 
suming jurisdiction  over  the  territory  in  ques- 
tion, and  with  such  effect,  that  on  the  2Hd  of 
February,  1835,  that  body  ])assed  a  law,  assert- 
ing the  claim  of  Ohio  to  all  territory  South  of 
the  Harris  line,  and  a  jmrjiose  to  enforce  such 
claim.  It  was  further  provided,  "that  such 
part  of  the  territory  declared  as  being  attached 
to  the  County  of  Wood,  shall  be  erected  into 
Townships,  as  follows :  Such  parts  of  ranges 
five  and  six  as  lie  between  the  line  run  due 
East  froni  the  Southern  extremity  of  Lake 
Michigan  and  the  line  run  from  said  Southern 
extremity  to  the  most  Northerly  Cape  of  the 
Maumee  Bay,  be  and  the  same  is  hereby  erected 
into  a  separate  and  distinct  Township,  by  the 
name  of  Sylvania ;  and  that  all  such  parts  of 
ranges  seven  and  eight,  together  with  the  ter- 
ritory East  of  the  Maumee  River  as  lies  between 


the  line  run  from  the  Southerly  extremity  of 
Lake  Michigan  to  the  most  Northerly  Cape  of 
the  Maumee  Baj',  and  between  Lake  Erie;  and 
the  line  run  East  from  the  Southern  extremity 
of  Lake  Michigan  to  Lake  Erie,  be  and  the 
same  is  hereby  erected  into  a  separate  and  dis- 
tinct Townshij)  by  the  name  of  Foi't  Ijawrcnce." 
It  was  further  ])rovided,  that  elections  be  lu'hi 
in  these  Townshi])s  on  the  first  Monday  of 
April,  following,  and  the  organization  of  the 
same  be  perfected.  The  same  act  ])rovided  for 
the  appointment  of  three  Commissionei's,  to  run 
andre-mark  the  Harrisline.  IJi'i  Seely,of  (icau- 
ga  County;  Jonathan  Tayloi-,  of  Fiicking,  and 
John  Patterson,  of  Adams,  were  appointed  fi>i' 
such  service,  which  was  to  begin  April  1,  1835. 

These  proceedings  on  the  part  of  the  Ohio 
authorities,  of  course,  did  not  fail  to  attract  the 
attention  of  those  of  Michigan.  The  Secretary 
and  Acting(TOvernor  of  that  Territory  (Stevens 
T.  Mason)  promptly  sent  to  the  Legislative 
Council  a  special  message,  a])prising  that  body 
of  what  was  going  on  in  Ohio,  and  advising 
action  for  defending  what  was  assumed  to  be 
Michigan's  claim  in  the  case.  The  Council  re- 
sponded on  the  12th  of  Februar}-,  in  the  enact- 
ment of  a  law,  providing,  "  that  if  any  person 
shall  exercise  or  attempt  to  exercise  any  official 
functions,  or  shall  officiate  in  any  office  or  situ- 
ation within  any  part  of  the  present  jurisdic- 
tion of  this  Territory,  or  within  the  limits  of 
any  of  the  Counties  therein,  as  at  this  time  or- 
ganized, by  virtue  of  any  commission  or  author- 
ity not  derived  from  the  Territory  or  under 
the  Government  of  the  United  States,  every 
such  person  so  offending,  shall,  for  every  such 
offense,  on  conviction  thereof  before  any  Court 
of  Record,  be  punished  bj'  a  fine  notexceeding 
one  thousand  dollars,  or  by  imprisonment  at 
hard  labor  not  exceeding  five  years,  or  both,  at 
the  discretion  of  the  Court."  Like  penalt}'  was 
provided  for  any  person  who  should  "  accept 
of  any  office  or  trust  from  any  State  or  authoi-- 
ity  other  than  the  Government  of  the  United 
States  or  the  Territory  of  Michigan."  An  elec- 
tion of  officers  for  Port  Lawrence  Townshi]), 
under  authority  of  Ohio,  was  held  in  Ajjril, 
1835,  but  the  persons  then  elected  did  not  act 
as  such,  for  the  reason  that  it  would  provoke 
extreme  measures  on  the  part  of  Michigan. 
The  con.sequenee  was,  that  no  taxes  were  levied 
forthatyear(1835)  within  the  disputed  territory'. 

This  state  of  things  made  it  important  for 
the  residents  of  the  disj)uted  territory  to  iden- 
tify themselves  with  one  or  the  other  of  the 
claimants  to  their  allegiance.  They  were  not 
entirely  unanimous  on  that  point,  as  shown  by 
a  letter  to  Governor  Ma.son  from  several  resi- 
dents of  Toledo.     It  was  as  follows : 

Monroe,  March  12,  183.5. 
To  Hon.  Steveiu  T.  Mason, 

Acting  Governor  of  Michigan  Territory  : 
We,  the  citizens  of  the  Township  of  Port  Lawrence, 
County  of  Monroe,  Territory  of  Michigan,  conceive 


294 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ourselves  (by  force  of  circumstances)  in  duty  bound 
to  apply  for  a  special  act  of  the  Legislative  Council, 
authorizing  the  removal  of  the  place  appointed  for 
holding  our  Township  meetings  (elections).  By  a 
vote  of  the  last  Town  meeting  (18:U)  our  meeting  of 
this  year  must  be  held  at  Toledo,  on  the  Maumee 
River.  We  ai)prehend  trouble,  and  perhaps  a  riot 
may  be  the  consequence  of  thus  holding  the  meeting 
in  thi'  heart  of  the  very  hot-bed  of  disaffection. 

We  tlierefore  jiray  your  ICxcellency  and  the  Legis- 
lative Council  to  aid  us  in  our  endeavors  to  keep  the 
peace  and  sustain  our  claims  to  the  soil  as  part  of  the 
Territory  of  Michigan,  by  an  act  removing  the  place 
for  the  Town  meeting  trom  Toledo  to  the  School- 
house  on  Ten-Mile  Creek  Prairie,  to  be  held  on  the 
—  day  of  April,  in  preference  to  the  usual  day  and 
place  appointed. 

J.    V.    D.    SUTPIIEN, 

Coleman  I.  Keeler, 
Cyru.s  Fisher, 
Sami:ei,  Hemmenway. 
Delegates  from  Port  Lawrence  to  the  County  Conven- 
tion at  Monroe. 

On  the  9tli  of  March,  1835,  Governor  Mason 
addressed  General  Joseph  W.  Brown,  in  com- 
mand of  the  Third  Division  of  tlie  Michigan 
Militia,  a  letter,  in  which  he  said  : 

You  will  perceive  that  a  collision  between  Ohio  and 
Michigan  is  now  inevitalile,  and  you  will  therefore  be 
prepared  to  meet  the  crisis.  The  (iovornor  of  Ohio 
has  issued  a  proclamation,  but  I  have  neither  received 
it,  nor  have  I  been  able  to  learn  its  tendency.  You 
will  u.se  every  exertion  to  obtain  the  earliest  informa- 
tion of  the  ndlitary  movements  of  our  adversary,  as  I 
shall  assume  the  responsibility  of  sending  you  such 
arms,  &c.,  as  may  be  necessary  for  your  successful 
operation,  without  waiting  for  an  order  from  the 
Secretary  of  War,  so  soon  as  (.)hio  is  properly  in  the 
field.  Till  then,  1  am  compelled  to  await  the  direc- 
tion of  the  War  Department. 

In  accordance  witli  these  in,structious,  Gen- 
eral Brown  issued  a  letter  to  the  Militia  of 
Michigan,  stating  that — 

The  cri.sis  anticipated  by  tlieir  Commander-in- 
Chief  had  arrived;  that  it  had  become  our  duty  to 
.sustain  the  executive  and  tlie  civil  authorities  on  our 
Southern  border,  and  to  protect  our  soil  and  laws 
from  the  encroachment  of  a  powerful  neighboring 
State,  manifestly  resolved  to  violate  both.  Your  ser- 
vices will  soon  be  required  in  the  field.  The  under- 
signed is  commanded  to  say,  that  if  there  is  an  officer 
iu  the  Michigan  Militia,  who  hesitates  to  stake  life, 
/(/rtune  and  honor  in  the  struggle  now  before  us,  he  is 
required  promptly  to  tender  his  resignation,  in  order 
that  his  place  may  be  more  efficiently  filled.  The 
Division  (.iuarteruiaster  of  the  Third  Division  (Major 
Ullman)  will  forthwith  insiicct  the  arms,  amnninition 
and  military  stores  at  Tecumseh,  Mottvilleand  Niles, 
and  report  to  the  General  commanding  the  Divi.sion 
the  amount  and  condition  thereof.  He  will  also  cause 
the  whole  to  be  transported  immediately  from  the 
latter  named  depots  tri  headquarters  at  the  Village  of 
Jlonroe.  Henry  Sndth,  Esq.,  is  appointed  Division 
Inspector ;  Daniel  S.  Bacon,  Ksq.,  Division  Paymas- 
ter ;  and  Charles  Noble,  Esq.,  Aide-de-Camp  to  the 
General  of  the  Division. 

General  Brown's  address  closed  with  this 
stirring  appeal : 

Fellow-citizens  !  A  cause  which  has  the  sanction  of 
the  highest  authority  in  our  Nation,  as  well  as  the 
laws  of  our  Territory,  must  be  sustained  by  us,  and 


will  meet  the  approbation  of  all  in  our  common 
country,  who  respect  our  institutions  and  who  are 
capable  of  appreciating  the  ju.st  claims  of  the  weaker 
and  injured  party,  when  they  are  sought  to  be  borne 
down  and  trampled  ujion  by  mere  ph5'sical  force.  We 
cannot  submit  to  invasion  of  our  soil.  We  are  deter- 
mined to  rejiel  with  force  whatever  strength  the 
State  of  ( )hio  may  attempt  to  bring  into  our  Territory 
to  sustain  her  usurpation,  and  let  the  consequences 
which  may  follow,  rest  on  the  guilty  heads  of  those 
who  attempt  to  ileprive  us  by  force  of  our  rightful 
juri.sdiction. 

March  31st,  Governor  Lucas,  accompanied 
by  his  Military  Staff  and  the  Ohio  Boundary 
Commissioners,  reached  Perrysburg,  on  their 
way  to  re-mark  the  Harris  line  as  directed  by 
the  Legislature.  Tiie  Governor  had  made  pro- 
vision for  jnilitary  support  in  such  movement, 
and  General  John  Bell,  of  Lower  Sandusky 
(now  Fremont),  then  commanding  the  Seven- 
teenth Division  of  Ohio  Militia,  soon  arrived 
and  mustered  into  service  a  volunteer  force  of 
.some  (iOO  men,  who  went  into  camp  at  old  Fort 
Miami,  on  the  West  side  of  the  Maumee  River, 
and  lielow  Maumee  City.  The  force  consisted 
of  fivcCompanies  of  the  First  Regiment,  Second 
Brigade,  Seventeenth  Division,  under  command 
of  Colonel  Matthias  Vanfleet.  These  were  com- 
manded by  Captain  J.  Austin  Scott,  of  the 
I'errysburg  Company ;  Captain  Stephen  S. 
Gilbert,  of  the  Maumee  Company';  Captain 
John  Pettinger,  of  the  Waterville  Company  ; 
Captain  Felton,  of  the  Gilead  Company;  and 
Captain  Granville  Jones,  of  the  Lucas  Guards, 
a  Toledo  Independent  Company.  These  num- 
bered about  300  men.  With  them  was  part  of 
a  Regiment  from  Sandusky  County,  command- 
ed by  Colonel  Lewis  Jennings  ;  and  a  fractional 
Regiment,  from  Seneca  and  Hancock  Counties, 
commanded  by  Colonel  Henry  C.  Brish,  of 
Tiffin. 

To  the  address  of  Willard  V.  Way,  Esq.,  of 
Perrysburg,  delivered  before  the  River  Raisin 
(Micliigan)  Historical  Society  in  18()7,  the 
writer  is  indebted  for  nianj^  valuable  facts  in 
this  connection.  He  gives  an  amusing  account 
of  the  recruiting  of  Captain  Scott's  Companj-, 
as  follows  : 

It  so  hapjiened  that  at  the  time  of  Governor  Lucas's 
arrival  and  demand  for  military  support,  Jiulge  David 
Higgins  was  holding  Court  at  Perrysburg.  Captain 
Scott  had  employed  a  vigorous  drummer,  named 
Odle,  for  the  purpose  of  awakening  the  requisite 
spirit  of  patriotism  among  the  men  of  the  place.  Ac- 
companied by  a  man  carrying  the  National  flag,  Odle 
marched  up  and  down  the  street,  beating  his  drum 
with  incessant  vigor.  (!)n  his  route  was  the  Court- 
house, and  Ju<lge  Higgins  finally  became  so  far  an- 
noyed by  the  noi.se,  that  he  ordered  the  Sheriff'  to 
stop  it.  That  officer  went  to  Odle,  and  told  him  of 
the  order  of  the  Court,  when  the  drummer  replied,  that 
lie  was  under  orders  and  pay  from  Captain  Scott  to 
"  drum  for  recruits  for  the  War" — that  he  considered 
it  to  be  his  duty  to  obey  the  military  authority,  and 
he  should  not  stop  until  he  became  assured  that  "the 
Court  had  more  authority  than  had  Captain  Scott," 
meantime  not  slacking  his  beating.  The  Sheriff  made 
report,  when  Judge  Higgins  ordered  the  Sheriff  to 


OHIO  AND  MICHIGAN  BOUNDARY. 


295 


arrest  Odle  for  contempt  and  summon  Caj)tain  Scott. 
Both  of  them  soon  appealed,  \v)ien  the  Captain  in- 
formed the  Court  that  Odle  was  boating  the  drum 
under  his  orders,  he  (Captain  Scott)  having  received 
orders  from  Colonel  Vantleet  to  employ  music  in  re- 
cruiting. He  further  .stated  that  Governor  Lucas, 
who  was  then  .stopping  at  Spafford's  Exchange,  had 
sanctioned  such  action,  and  he  should  continue  the 
music  until  ordered  to  the  contrary  by  Colonel  Van- 
Heot  or  the  Governor.  Judge  Higgins,  nut  satisfied 
with  this  explanation,  directed  the  Sheritt'  to  take 
both  Captain  Scotland  Odle  to  jail;  and  the  I'rosecu- 
ting  Attorney  to  prejjare  papers  against  them  for  con- 
tempt. The  Sheriff  (Jonas  Pratt)  accompanied  his 
prisoners  down  stairs,  on  the  way  to  the  log-jail  in 
rear  of  the  Court-house.  On  reaching  the  ground. 
Captain  Scott  informed  the  Sheriff  that  "  the  interests 
of  the  State  coidd  not  be  sacrificed  to  gratify  the  as- 
sumed authority  of  Judge  Higgins" — that  "in  the 
emergency  of  War,  with  the  State  invaded  by  an  en- 
emy, the  military  authority  was  paramount  to  civil 
authority— that  though  he  regretted  to  disturlj  the  pro- 
ceedings of  the  Court,  he  could  not  consent  to  the  en- 
forcement of  its  order  in  his  ca.se."  He  then  gave  the 
Sherirt'to  understand  that  if  he  insisted  on  taking 
them  to  jail,  he  would  "  declare  nuirtial  law,  and  du 
with  him  and  Judge  Higgins  as  General  Jack.son  did 
with  Judge  Hall  at  New  Orleans — put  both  uniler  ar- 
rest." These  proceedings  excited  thedeeiiest  feeling 
among  the  bystanders,  who  sympathized  witli  the 
prisoners.  The  Sheriff  at  once  reported  progress  to 
the  Court,  but  the  Judge  made  no  rei)ly,  but  con- 
tinued the  case  in  hand.  Odle  at  once  renewed  his 
drumming,  and  not  long  thereafter  .Judge  Higgins 
sent  to  Captain  Scott  a  request  that  the  drummer  re- 
move to  some  other  street,  where  he  would  not  inter- 
fere with  the  Court.  The  effect  of  these  proceedings 
was  greatly  to  promote  the  enlistment  of  recruits,  as 
well  as  the  personal  popularity  of  Capt.  Scott,  whose 
Company  was  very  soon  made  up.  The  Captain  is 
now  (1887)  a  resident  of  Ann  Arbor,  Michigan. 

Governor  Mason,  with  General  Brown, 
reached  Toledo  with  a  force  variously  estima- 
ted at  from  800  to  1,200,  about  the  time  Gover- 
nor Lucas  appeared  at  Perrysburg,  and  there 
awaited  a  movement  from  tlie  enemy.  General 
Brown's  staff  consisted  of  Captain  Henry  Smith, 
of  Monroe,  Inspector;  Major  J.  J.  IJllman,  of 
Gonstantine,  (Quartermaster  ;  Wm.  E.  Board- 
man,  of  Deti'oit,  and  Alplieus  f  elch,  of  Monroe 
(afterward  Governor  of  Michigan),  as  Aides- 
de-Camp.  Thus  were  the  two  Commanders-in- 
Chief  brouglit  almost  face  to  face  in  hostile  ar- 
raj'.  The  condition  of  excitement  throughout 
the  entire  region  was  most  intense.  The 
active  partisans  of  the  antagonists  were  daily 
growing  more  belligerent  and  threatening, 
while  others  stood  appalled  with  a  sense  of  im- 
pending bloodshed. 

In  support  of  the  Michigan  claim  in  the 
boundary  question,  it  has  been  alleged,  or  it 
was  at  the  time,  that  the  residents  of  the  dis- 
puted territory  were  substantially  unanimous 
against  Ohio.  Andrew  Palmer  states  that  in  a 
conversation  between  himself  and  Lucius 
Lyon,  then  the  Delegate  in  Congress  from 
Michigan,  which  occurred  in  October,  1834,  the 
latter  gentleman  said  it  was  understood  that 
such  was  the  sentiment  of  the  people  referred 
to,  who  wished  to  remain  under  the  jurisdiction 


of  Michigan.  Mr.  Palmer  assured  Mr.  L3-on 
that  he  was  mistaken  on  that  ]ioint,  and  pledged 
himself  to  justify  such  view  by  un  exjirossion 
of  the  people  in  question  at  the  Ibllowing  ses- 
sion of  Congress.  In  pursuanct;  of  such  pledge, 
Mr.  Palmer  called  a  meeting  of  citizens  at  the 
house  of  \V.  P.  Daniels,  Toledo,  for  November 
1,  1834.  This  meeting  was  held,  Henry  Phil- 
lips acting  as  Chairman,  and  George  McKay  as 
Secretary.  Mr.  Palmer  stated  the  understand- 
ing of  Mr.  Lyon,  and  presented  his  own  views, 
when  resolutions  were  unanimously  adopted 
strongly  favoring  the  claims  ofOiiio.  A  Com- 
mittee (of  which  Mr.  PalmerWas  the  Chaii-- 
man)  was  appointed  to  prepare  a  memorial  to 
Congress,  to  be  reporte<l  at  an  adjourned  meet- 
ing. At  the  second  meeting  the  memorial  was 
submitted,  unanimously  adopted,  signeil  by 
those  present,  and  afterwards  circulated 
throughout  the  disputed  territory,  receiving 
with  rare  exceptions,  the  names  of  all  persons 
who  could  be  reached.  That  paper  was  for- 
warded to  the  Ohio  members,  by  whom  it  was 
presented  to  Congress.  Mr.  Palmer  states  that 
a  second  expression  of  views  bj^  residents  of 
the  same  territory  was  made  at  a  meeting  held 
February  28,  183.5,  at  the  house  of  S.  L.  and 
M.  L.  Collins,  Tremainesviile.  This  occasion 
was  invested  with  special  interest  b^'  the  unin- 
vited presence  of  what  was  known  as  an  "  Ex- 
postulating Committee,"  consisting  of  civil  and 
military  officers  sent  from  Monroe,  whose  chief 
mission  consisted  of  reading  to  the  meeting  of- 
ficial orders  from  Governor  Mason  to  General 
J.  W.  Brown,  under  date  of  February  11),  1835, 
stating  the  purpose  of  the  Governor  to  en- 
force, by  military'  power  if  necessary,  the  juris- 
diction of  Michigan  over  the  disputed  disti-ict, 
and  especially  to  arrest  and  punish  all  persons 
who  should  attempt  to  exerci.se  therein  official 
authorit}-  of  the  Slate  of  Ohio.  Itapi)ears  that 
the  meeting,  which  consisted  of  3(J0  citizens, 
by  resolution  refused  Governor  Mason's  "  Com- 
mittee "  of  officials  a  hearing,  which  action  was 
regarded  as  special  discourte.s}-  t(j  the  Michigan 
authorities.  In  their  report  the  visitors  ex- 
pressed their  "  firm  conviction  that  a  large  por- 
tion of  the  inhabitants  on  the  disputed  ground 
were  fully  prepared  and  determineil  to  resist 
further  operation  of  Michigan  authority  in  the 
district,"  and  on  that  ground,  tiiey  thought  the 
time  had  come  for  vigorous  means  for  enforcing 
such  authority  there.  These  facts  seem  to 
show  pretty  clearly,  that  the  sentiment  of  the 
district  was  overwhelmingly  for  Ohio.  Had 
Governor  Mason  believed  that  the  opposite 
feeling  prevailed  there,  he  would  iiave  left  the 
citizens  to  an  expression  of  their  views,  with- 
out sending  an  "  ExpostulatingCommitlee  "  of 
officials,  to  intimidate  them  with  threats  of 
military  force  and  imprisonment. 

Another  meeting  was  held  April  10,  1835,  at 
the  house  of  J.  Baron  Davis,  in  Toledo,  to  take 
into  consideration  steps  for  the  protection   of 


296 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


citizens  from  lawless  aggression  and  violence. 
Alter  discussion,  it  was  resolved,  to  "  appoint  a 
("oininittoe  to  wait  upon  Governor  Lucas  and 
ascertain  how  far  the  citizens  of  this  Town  may 
relj-  ui)on  the  protection  of  the  State,  in  defend- 
ing their  rights,  and  to  consult  and  concert 
such  measures  as  may  be  proper  and  expe- 
dient." It  was  further  resolved,  that  such 
Committee  consist  of  such  officers,  as,  under  the 
penal  enactments  of  Michigan,  had  rendered 
themselves  liable  to  the  laws  of  that  Territory. 
Of  this  meeting  John  Baldwin  was  Chairman, 
an<l  Baxter  Bowman  Seca-etary.  Throughout 
the  Spring  and  Summer  Toledo  was  the  center 
for  incessant  excitement,  greatly  stimulated  by 
frecjuent  incursions  of  Michigan  officers  in  pur- 
suit of  citizens  holding  office  under  Ohio 
authority  or  otherwise  recognizing  the  same. 
Arrests  made  were  almost  wholly  of  Ohio  ad- 
herents. Attempts  were  made  by  Wood 
County  officers  to  capture  adherents  of  Michi- 
gan, but  in  some  way  they  got  information  of 
such  purpose  and  kept  out  of  sight.  Major 
Stick ney.  Judge  Wilson,  George  McKay  and 
other  active  partisans  of  Ohio  were  taken  to 
Monroe,  the  particulars  of  some  of  which  ciises 
were  more  ludicrous  than  serious.  Thus, 
Major  Stickney,  when  arrested,  resisted  fiercely, 
being  actively  assisted  by  his  family,  until  over- 
powered. 

The  following  letter  from  Major  B.  F.  Stick- 
ney to  the  Editor  of  the  Toledo  Gazette,  states 
the  facts  of  this  visitation  from  Monroe  : 

Maumee,  April  13,  1835. 
Mr.  J.  Irvine  Browne  :  To  satisfy  at  once  the 
numerous  inciuiries  in  relation  to  the  outrages  com- 
mitted under  the  authority  of  the  Territory  of  Michi- 
gan against  the  people  of  Toledo,  I  make  this  com- 
munication. On  the  night  of  the  8th  instant,  being 
absent  from  my  residence  in  Toledo  about  30  miles — 
feeling  the  utmost  .security  for  the  safety  of  my 
family — on  the  morning  of  the  9th,  then  on  my  return 
home,  I  was  met  by  some  gentlemen  some  14  miles 
from  Toledo,  with  the  intelligence  that  a  band  of 
rufJians  of  30  or  more,  had  at  dead  of  night  come  to 
my  house  from  Monroe,  and  in  a  ferocious  manner 
demolished  the  door  leading  to  the  principal  avenue 
of  my  hou.se  and  seized  a  gentleman  (Mr.  Naaman 
Goodsell),  bore  him  oft  and  treated  his  lady  and 
daughter  (the  only  females  in  the  house),  with 
brutish  violence,  notwithstanding  I  had  exhorted  all 
to  exercise  moderation.  But  when  I  arrived  at  the 
scene  of  action,  and  the  females  showed  me  their 
wounds  and  related  the  tale  of  their  sufferings,  and  I 
examined  the  demolished  door  of  my  house,  bearing 
evidence  of  inhuman  malignity,  it  became  a  question 
whether  moderation  was  longer  a  virtue.  When  my 
daughter  gave  out  the  cry  of  "  murder,"  she  was 
seized  by  the  throat  and  shaken  with  monstrous  vio- 
lence, and  the  prints  of  a  man's  hand  in  purple 
were  strongly  marked,  with  many  other  contusions. 
Mrs.  Goodsell  exhibited  marks  of  violence  also. 
This  Michigan  banditti  proceeded  likewise  to  the 
sleeping  apartment  of  another  gentleman  (Mr.George 
McKay),  burst  in  the  door,  seizing  him  in  bed  ;  and 
as  the  first  salutation,  one  of  the  villains  attempted 
to  gouge  out  one  of  his  eyes  with  a  thumb.  These 
gentlemen  report  that  the  intention  of  the  gang  was 
put  in  requisition  to  put  their  lives  in  danger,  and  by 


their  indignities  to  keep  their  feelings  on  the  rack. 
After  two  days  of  Court-mockery  at  Monroe,  these 
gentlemen  were  admitted  to  bail. 

On  the  10th,  it  was  reported  that  an  armed  force 
was  assembling  under  General  Brown,  to  march  to 
Toledo,  and  take  as  prisoners  such  as  accepted  office 
under  Oldo  (about  a  dozen).  On  the  llth,  they 
arrived  in  force,  about  200  strong,  armed  with  mus- 
kets and  bayonets.  The  officers  of  Ohio  having  been 
lulled  into  security  by  assurances  of  the  Commis- 
sioners of  the  United  States  (Messrs.  Rush  and 
Howard),  were  not  prepared  for  defense,  and  retired, 
giving  them  full  space  for  the  display  of  their  gas- 
conading, which  was  exhibited  in  pulling  down  the 
fiag  of  Ohio,  and  dragging  it  through  the  streets  at 
tlie  tail  of  a  horse,  with  other  similar  acts. 

Cyrus  Holloway,  of  Sylvania  Township  (one  of  the 
first  Commissioners  of  Lucas  County),  a  very  good 
man,  was  elected  Ju.stice  of  the  Peace,  under  the  laws 
of  Ohio,  and  with  others  was  spotted  for  vengeance. 
Apprehending  that  Michigan  officers  were  after  him, 
he  toolc  to  the  woods,  hiding  for  several  days  in  a 
sugar-camj)  shanty.  He  being  a  pious  man,  some  of 
his  partisan  friends,  fond  of  the  marvelous,  reported 
that  Providence  had  wrought  a  miracle  in  his  behalf ; 
that  little  robins  daily  went  to  his  house,  there  got 
food  ami  took  it  to  him  during  his  seclusion  in  the 
forest.  Many  believed  this,  and  accepted  it  as  strong 
proof  of  the  justness  of  the  claim  of  Ohio  to  the  dis- 
puted territory.  The  miraculous  part  of  the  story 
had  a  very  slight  foundation,  iu  tlie  fact,  that  Mr.  Hol- 
loway's  children,  who  daily  carried  food  to  their 
father,  had  a  pet  robin,  and  usually  took  it  with 
them  on  such  visits  ;  hence,  the  robin-story. 

A  letter  from  one  of  the  Ohio  Commissioners 
to  run  the  boundary  line,  and  dated  at  Defi- 
ance, April   IG,  1835,  contained  the  following: 

Our  party  are  in  motion.  The  advance  have  gone 
on  to  reconnoitre  and  bring  news.  Our  baggage- 
wagons  came  up  to  this  place  this  morning.  The  bad 
state  of  the  roads  imj)odes  our  progress  very  much, 
liut  the  business  is  being  pushed  as  fast  as  possible, 
and  we  shall  be  on  the  line  in  a  day  or  two. 

The  outrages  committed  on  Toledoans  by  General 
Brown's  troops  are  unparalleled  in  civil  communi- 
ties. Houses  have  been  broken  open  in  the  night  time, 
our  citizens  carried  off,  and  women  abused.  The 
Commissioners  running  the  line  are  threatened  with 
outrage.  Women  are  dragged  ofl'  on  false  pi'etenses 
to  Monroe  by  their  Sheritf,  ic.  In  view  of  all  this, 
the  Governor  has  issued  his  orders  to  Major-General 
John  Bell,  to  raise  an  armed  force  of  500  men  forth- 
with ;  and  General  Bell  left  this  morning  for  that 
purpose.  Prompt  and  efficient  measures  will  be  pur- 
sued until  this  question  is  settled.  Ohio  is  right  and 
cannot  retract.  I  am  for  Ohio  against  the  field.  The 
Governor  will  remain  with  us  until  this  business 
assumes  a  different  aspect.  The  United  States  Com- 
missioners, now  at  ^lonroe,  disiratched  a  message  to 
Washington  City  a  few  days  since,  we  suppose  t(3  in- 
form the  President  of  the  course  pursued  by  Governor 
JMason.  This  Governor  Mason  has  disregarded  the 
positive  instructions  he  received  from  Washington, 
which  were  in  no  case  to  resort  to  arms. 

This  condition  of  mixture  was  not  confined 
to  the  disputed  territory.  The  Toledo  Gazette 
of  March  12,  1835,  had  an  editorial  article 
strongly  criticising  the  Perrj-sburg  paper  (the 
Miami  of  the  Lake,  J.  H.  McBride,  publisher), 
for  its  alleged  disloyalty  to  Ohio.  It  was  stated 
that  the  Perrysburg  editor  "  went  so  far  in 
his  Toryism  as  to  exclude  from  his  paper  the 


OHIO  AND  MICHIGAN  BOUNDARY. 


297 


action  of  the  Ohio  Legislature,  on  the  question 
of  Vioiindary,  in  order  to  make  room  for  tlio 
blustering  and  threatening  military  orders  ful- 
minated against  Ohio  by  the  Acting  Govei'iior 
and  military  cliiefs  of  Michigan!"  The  (lii- 
zette  then  said  : 

We  have  heard  it  asserted,  tliat  the  citizens  of 
Perrysburg  were  willing  to  sacrifice  the  inten'sts  of 
Ohio — by  whose  ]inhlii'  iniprovenient,  if  llu'ir  Village 
ever  becomes  iniiiurtant,  it  must  l)e  liuilt  iip—  to  pro- 
mote their  own  interests;  but  we  did  not  su])]iiise 
that  tlieir  print  would  put  at  defiance  the  i)u))lic 
authorities  and  the  public  sentiment  of  the  State, 
just  before  the  location  of  the  Canal.  But  if  the  re- 
spectable citizens  of  that  place  da  intend  to  resist 
Michigan  in  her  contest  witli  Ohio,  it  is  but  fair  that 
the  newspaper  which  they  sn])port  should  show  their 
flag,  in  order  that  the  trne-liearted  sons  of  Ohio  may 
know",  as  well  who  are  traitors  within  their  bosom  as 
who  are  their  opponents  beyond  their  boi-ders. 

Governor  Lucas  having  undertaken  the  per- 
formance of  definite  action  in  running  the  line, 
the  onus  of  initiating  the  proceedings  devolved 
upon  him.  It  was  understood  that  he  was 
about  to  order  General  Bell  to  march  to  Toledo, 
and  to  take  the  consequences  of  such  a  step, 
wlien  Richard  Kush  of  Philailelpiiia,  and  Colo- 
nel Howard  of  Baltimore,  arrived,  as  Special 
Commissioners  from  President  Jackson,  with 
instructions  to  use  their  influence  to  stay  war- 
like proceedings.  Elisha  Whittlesey^,  then  a 
member  of  Congress  from  Ohio,  accompanied 
the  Commissioners,  in  the  voluntary  capacity 
of  peace-maker.  The.se  gentlemen  had  several 
conferences  with  the  two  Governors,  the  result 
of  which  was  the  submission  of  the  following 
propositions  for  their  assent,  to  wit:  1.  That 
the  Harris  line  here-marked  without  interrup- 
tion, in  accordance  with  the  act  of  the  Ohio 
Legislature.  2.  That  the  civil  elections  under 
the  lawsof  Ohio  having  taken  jilace  th)'oughout 
the  disputed  territor}-,  the  people  residing  upon 
it  should  be  left  to  their  choice  of  govci-nment, 
obeying  the  one  jurisdiction  or  the  other,  as 
they  might  prefer,  without  molestation  from 
the  authorities  of  Ohio  or  Michigan  until  the 
close  of  the  next  session  of  Congress.  Governor 
Mason  refused  to  accept  these  propositions,  in- 
sisting that  he  could  not  honorably  compromise 
the  rights  of  his  peojile  by  a  surrender  of  pos- 
session of  the  disputed  territory.  Governor 
Lucas  finally  accepted  the  plan  of  adjustment, 
holding  that  he  was  dealing  whollj-  with  the 
National  authorities,  and  not  with  the  irre- 
sponsible Executive  of  a  Territory,  and  hence 
properly  could  assent  to  the  terms  proposed  in 
the  President's  behalf,  whatever  might  be  done 
by  Governor  Mason.  He  then  disbanded  his 
military  force.  Governor  Mason  did  the  same 
to  a  large  extent. 

Governor  Lucas  now  proceeded  with  his  ar- 
rangements for  re-marking  the  Harris  line.  S. 
Dodge,  an  Engineer  on  the  Ohio  Canal,  was 
employed  for  that  purpose.  From  Maumee, 
April  11,  IS35,  he  wrote  Samuel  Forrer,  one  of 

20 


the  Ohio  Canal  Commissioners,  as  to  tho  situa- 
tion. He  said  that  it  was  evident  that  there 
would  be  ti'ouble,  in  case  such  atlemptbe  made. 
H(^  said  : 

We  shall  start  to-morrow  for  tho  Northwestern  cor- 
ner of  the  Stale;  and  the  next  you  hear  from  nie,  I 
shall  probably  inform  yon  that  I  am  at  Monroe,  the 
head.piartcrs  of  (ic^neral  Urown.  He  was  yesterday 
at  Toledo,  at  the  head  of  the  Sherill's  po.sse  of  1(H) 
armed  men.  They  came  for  the  jiurpo.se  of  arresting 
those  who  have  accepted  otiice  under  the  St:ite  of 
Ohio,  lie  infoiriied  nie  tliat  any  atlenipt  to  run  the 
line  wouhl  he  resisted  by  the  whole  force  of  the  Ti'r- 
ritory — that  they  had  3(ill  men  undi'rarmsat  .Abjnroe, 
and  (KHI  more  would  soon  be  then — that  they  have 
1,501)  stands  of  arms,  taken  from  the  I'nited  States 
arsenal  at  White  Pigeon — that  they  did  not  mean  to 
be  rode  over,  rough  shod,  l)y  Ohio.  I  told  him  the 
line  would  certainly  be  run.  The  (iovernor  of  Ohio 
.started  on  the  Sth  for  Defiance,  and  is  entirely  unpre- 
pared to  meet  the  forces  of  .Michigan.  <)ur  party 
consists  of  l.'ior  I'd  unarnuMl  luen  ;  and  if  we  proceed 
we  shall  certainly  lie  made  prisoners,  there  not  being 
a  sntticient  number  to  prevent  surprise.  I  think  the 
survey  will  be  delayed. 

The  legal  status  of  the  case  was  referred  by 
the  President  to  Attorney-General  Butler,  wlio 
gave  as  his  opinion,  that  the  action  of  Ohio, 
in  extending  its  jurisdiction  North  of  thelioun- 
dary  (Fulton)  line  of  Michigan,  as  established 
bj'  Congress  in  1805,  was  in  violation  of  tho 
laws  of  the  United  States;  but  that  the  mere 
act  of  i"e-marking  the  Harris  line,  would  not 
be  such  violation.  At  the  same  time  he  decided 
that  the  act  of  the  Michigan  Council,  prohibit- 
ing with  penaltj-  the  exercise  of  authority 
North  of  the  Fulton  line,  was  valid  and  would 
remain  so  until  annulled  by  Congress. 

Under  such  state  of  facts,  the  Ohio  Commis- 
sioiiers  proceeded  with  the  survey,  beginning 
at  the  Northwest  corner  of  the  State.  From 
Perrysburg,  May  1st,  they  made  their  first  and 
only  report  to  Governor  Lucas,  in  which  they 
stated,  that  in  pursuance  of  instructions,  thej- 
had  proceeded  to  the  Northwest  corner  of  the 
State,  whence  they  moved  Eastwardly  along 
the  Harris  line,  and  re-marked  the  same,  as  di- 
rected, to  the  distance  of  38^  miles,  or  more 
than  half  its  length.  During  their  progress, 
they  were  constantly  threatened  by  Michigan 
autiiorities  and  Avatched  b}'  spies  in  their  em- 
ploy. Ou  Saturday,  April  25th,  after  a  hard 
day's  service,  they,  with  their  party,  retired  one 
Tiiile  South  of  the  line  in  Henry  County,  ■'  to  en- 
joy the  blessings  of  the  Sabbath."  Contrary  to 
their  expectations,  at  about  12  o'clock  of  that 
day,  an  armed  force  of  50  or  00  men  hove  in 
sight,  within  musket  shot,  all  mounted,  and 
well  armed  with  muskets,  and  under  command 
of  General  Brown.  Observing  the  superiority 
in  force,  and  having  but  five  armed  men  in 
their  party,  the  Commissioners  thought  it 
best  to  retire,  and  so  advLsed  their  men. 
They  made  good  their  retreat  to  Perrys- 
burg. "  Hut,  sir,"  says  the  reporl,  "  we 
are  under  the  painful  necessity  of  relating  that 


298 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


nine  of  our  men,  who  did  not  leave  the  ground 
in  time,  after  being  fired  upon,  from  30  to  50 
shots,  were  taken  prisoners,  and  carried  away 
into  the  interior  of  the  country."  They  were 
Colonels  Hawkins,  Scott  and  Gould;  Major 
Kico,  Capl.  BiiTgerstaff",  and  Messrs.  Ellsworth, 
Fletcher,  Moale  and  Kickets.  They  state  that 
their  jiarty  did  not  fire  a  gun  in  return,  and 
that  no  one  was  wounded,  although  a  ball 
passed  through  the  clothing  of  one  of  their 
men.  "  Under  existing  circumstances  and  in 
the  threatening  attitude  of  affairs,"  the  Com- 
missioners "  thought  it  prudent  for  the  interest 
of  the  State,  as  also  for  the  safety  of  her  citi- 
zens, and  to  prevent  threatened  bloodshed,  to 
withdraw  from  the  line,  and  suspend  further 
prosecution  of  the  work  until  some  efficient 
preparatory  measures  can  be  taken  which  will 
insure  the  completion  of  the  undertaking." 

This  report  having  been  sent  to  the  Governor 
and  by  him  to  the  "President,  the  latter  for- 
warded the  same  to  Governor  Mason,  who  re- 
quested Under-Sheriff  Wm.  McNair,the  arrest- 
ing officer,  to  furnish  his  statement  of  the  ease. 
This  he  did,  under  date  of  June  17,  1835.  He 
said  ; 

On  Saturda}',  April  2.5th,  I  received,  as  Under- 
Sheriffof  this  County,  from  Mr.  Justice  C.  Hewitt, 
the  within  warrant  from  the  affidavit  of  Mr.  Judson. 
From  the  best  information  I  could  obtain  I  was  satis- 
fied the  warrants  could  not  1)6  served  witliout  assist- 
ance. I  therefore  mustered  about  30  men  in  tlie 
Village  of  Adrian  and  armed  them  with  muskets. 
Early  the  next  morning  I  started,  intending  to  overtake 
and  arrest  the  Ohio  Comniissioners  and  their  party. 
Aljout  noon  we  came  up  witli  them,  encamped  in  a 
small  field  (owned  by  one  Pliillips),  seven  miles  within 
our  Territory.  When  I  arrived  within  one-half  mile 
of  the  Ohio  party,  I  left  my  assistants  under  the  charge 
of  a  Deputy-SherifT,  and  accompanied  by  S.  Blanch- 
ard,  Esq.,  1  went  forwanl  in  order  to  make  the  arrest 
in  as  peaceable  a  manner  as  possible.  On  arriving  at 
the  camp,  I  enquired  for  Messrs.  Seeley,  Taylor  and 
Patterson,  the  Commissioners,  and  was  told  that  they 
had  stepped  out,  and  would  be  in  in  a  few  minutes. 
While  I  was  waiting  for  my  party  to  come  up,  and 
the  Commissioners  to  return,  my  party  came  in  sight. 
Colonel  Hawkins  observed,  "  Our  fi-iends  are  coming 
(meaning  my  escort),  and  we  must  be  prepared  for 
them."  Then  eight  or  ten  of  the  ( )hio  party  armed 
themselves  with  rilies  and  loaded  them  in  my  pres- 
ence. In  a  few  moments  my  friends  came  up  and  I 
found  the  Commissioners  had  gone — not  to  return.  I 
then  commenced  arresting  the  armed  party,  consi.st- 
ing  of  Colonels  Hawkins,  ^cott,  Gould  and'  Fletcher, 
and  Major  Rice,  Captain  Biggerstaff  and  Messrs.  Ells- 
worth, Moale  and  Ricketts.  After  arresting  Colonel 
Hawkins,  who  had  in  his  hand  a  large  horseman's 
pistol  and  another  in  his  pocket,  both  loaded,  the 
balance  of  the  party  t<jok  a  position  in  a  log-house 
and  barricaded  the"  door.  When  1  approached  with 
my  party  within  eight  rods  of  the  house,  they  all 
came  out,  except  Colonel  Fletcher,  and  as  I  ap- 
l^iroached  them  to  make  arrest,  some  of  them  cocked 
their  rifles  and  directed  me  to  stand  off,  for  they 
would  not  be  taken.  As  I  continued  to  advance  upon 
them,  four  of  the  party  turned  and  ran  into  the  woods. 
A  few  muskets  were  then  fired  over  their  heads,  and 
a  rush  made  after  them.  They  were  pursued  about 
thirty  rods  in  the  woods,  when  they  were  all  arrested. 
The  report  of  a  man  having  a  ball  pass  through  his 


clothes,  is  a  mistake.  *  *  The  nine  persons  ar- 
rested were  brought  to  Tecumseh,  before  C.  Hewitt, 
Esq.,  and  they  were  discharged,  for  want  of  sufficient 
testimony.  Six  gave  bail  to  appear  at  the  next  Cir- 
cuit Court,  and  one  (Fletcher)  refused  to  give  bail,  as 
he  says,  by  direction  of  Governor  Lucas,  and  is  now 
in  custody  of  the  jailor,  who  permits  him  to  go  at 
large,  on  his  parole  of  honor.  I  consider  it  my  duty 
further  to  state,  that  the  charge  that  the  Ohio  officers 
were  arrested  by  a  military  party  under  General 
Brown,  is  not  true.  He  accompanied  me  as  a  citizen 
of  Michigan  without  official  position,  and  the  whole 
movement  was  merely  a  civil  operation  under  the 
Sherifl'of  the  County,  to  sustain  the  laws  of  Miehigan. 
There  has  been  no  call  on  the  military  of  Michigan 
to  mj'  knowledge,  connected  with  the  Ohio  transac- 
tion. And  I  am  happy  also  to  inform  your  Excel- 
lency, that  the  Commissioners  made  good  time  on 
foot,"  through  the  Cottonwood  Swamp,  and  arrived  at 
Perrysburg  the  next  morning,  with  nothing  more  se- 
rious than  the  loss  of  hats  and  clothing,  like  (Gover- 
nor .Vlarcy's  breeches  without  the  "patch." 

The  Miami  of  the  Lake  (^Perrysburg),  of 
April  27,  1835,  had  the  following  in  regard  to 
the  affair  on  the  border  : 

General  Taylor  arrived  this  morning  from  the  dis- 
puted territory,  with  the  intelligence  that  an  attack 
had  actually  been  made  by  the  Michigan  troops  upon 
the  Ohio  Commissioners  while  upon  the  line.  The 
facts,  as  near  as  we  can  learn,  are  these :  On  the  liGth 
instant  (Sunday),  while  the  Commissioners  were  en- 
camped upon  the  line,  which  they  had  the  day  pre- 
vious been  running,  a  party  of  the  Michigan  troops 
appeared  in  sight,  when  the  Commissioners  left  their 
encampment  and  fled,  but  heard  six  or  eight  rifle- 
shots exchanged  between  the  guard  accompanying 
the  Commissioners  and  the  Michigan  troops.  Gov- 
ernor Lucas  has  dispatched  a  Surgeon  and  Assistant 
to  the  scene  of  action,  to  take  care  of  the  wounded,  in 
case  there  be  any,  and  the  result  of  the  engagement 
will  proljably  be  known  before  this  paper  goes  to 
press.  The  .scene  of  the  action  is  about  30  nules  from 
this  place,  and  10  or  1.5  miles  Southwest  from  Adrian, 
Michigan. 

In  the  same  issue,  and  under  date  of  April 
28th,  is  this  later  statement: 

Another  messenger  has  reached  us,  announcing 
the  capture  of  a  portion  of  the  guards  who  aemm- 
panied  the  Ohio  Commissioners  while  engaged  in 
running  line.  The  last  intelligence  has  dissipated 
the  idea  of  blood  having  been  sjiilled.  The  capture, 
we  learn,  was  accomplished  without  nnich  resist- 
ance, and  but  one  slight  wound,  in  the  arm.  The 
number  reported  taken  is  eight.  We  are  happy  in 
being  able  to  say,  that  so  far  the  War  has  been  a 
bloodless  one  ;  but  we  now  fear  it  will  end  in  a  bloody 
and  cruel  conflict.  We  have  been,  from  the  begin- 
ning, laboring  to  preserve  the  public  mind  free  from 
excitement  or  passion,  and  have,  up  to  the  jiresent 
moment,  entertained  the  opinion  that  the  difliculty 
would  be  arranged  without  forcing  our  honest  and 
industrious  citizens  to  shed  each  other's  blood  ;  but 
we  now  acknowledge  that  we  can  have  little  hope  for 
the  rule  of  reason,  in  case  our  populace  be  actuated 
by  the  same  degree  of  heated  blood  as  some  of  our 
rulers. 

Messrs.  Seely  and  Patterson  (Ohio  Commis- 
sioners), while  the  above  transactions  were  being  en- 
acted, remained  in  the  forest  unobserved,  until  the 
Michigan  forces  retired  ;  upon  which  some  of  their 
friends  brought  them  their  h(jrses,  and  they  rnade 
their  way  to  this  place,  where  they  now  are,  awaiting 
further  orders  from  the  Governor.    The  greater  por- 


OHIO  AND  MICIIIOAN  BOUNDARY. 


299 


tion  of  the  above  particulars  we  receive  from  Mr. 
Seely,  in  whose  statements  the  fullest  reliance  may 
be  placed.  Tlie  Sandusky  County  Lijiiit  Horse  troops 
have  returned,  and  we  believe  hostilities  have 
ceased  lor  the  present — awaiting  an  expected  express 
from  tlie  General  Government.  Tliis  r<'i)ort  we  arc 
inclined  to  believe,  and  shall  rejoice  at  its  contirnia- 
tion,  as  matters  here  begin  to  wear  an  imposing 
aspect. 

In  a  letter,  dated  Tecumseh  Jail,  May  •'ith,  Mr.  J.  E. 
Fletcher  wrote  Governor  Lucas,  setting  forth  the  cir- 
cumstances of  his  arrest  and  imprisonment,  as  one  of 
the  surveying  party.  He  speaks  of  being  well  treated, 
and  attributes  the  same  to  the  interposition  of  Gov- 
ernor Mason  and  General  Brown— cinetly  the  latter. 
Mr.  Fletcher  was  the  one  referred  to  liy  Shi-rilf  .Mc- 
Nair,  as  refusing  to  accept  bail.  He  dined  with  the 
Governor  at  General  15rown's,  when  botli  urged 
him  to  accept  bail.  His  reply  was,  tliat  the  right 
to  demand  bail,  was  the  one  question  at  issue. 
Governor  Mason  expressed  himself  as  very  anxious 
that  the  ditliculties  might  be  settled  without  further 
liostilities,  to  which  suggestion  General  Drown  made 
no  response,  Mr.  Fletcher  attributing  the  fact  to  a 
desire  on  the  General's  part  to  have  the  contest  go, 
in  order  that  he  might  therein  gain  distinction.  At 
one  time,  the  Sherifl"  expressed  regret  that  the  Ohio 
party  were  fired  upon,  when  General  Brown  replied 
that  "  it  was  the  best  thing  that  was  done ;  that  he 
did  not  hesitate  to  say,  that  he  gave  the  order  to 
fire."  The  Sheriff  confessed  to  Iniving  acted  under 
Brown's  directions.  Governor  Mason  e.\presscd  his 
determination  to  prevent  tlie  running  of  the  line,  at 
all  hazards.  He  said,  tliat  in  case  of  an  emergency, 
he  relied  for  assistance  and  pi'otection  on  the  I'l'esi- 
dent. 

With  the  circumstances  thus  detailed,  ended 
the  attempt  to  survey  the  Harris  line,  and  left 
Ohio's  case  not  materially  advanced.  So  view- 
ing the  situation,  Governor  Lucas  convened 
the  Legislature  in  extra  session,  June  8,  18:55, 
when  was  passed  an  act  "  to  prevent  the  forci- 
ble abduction  ot  citizens  of  Ohio,"  the  object 
being  to  counteract  the  legislation  of  the 
Michigan  Council.  The  most  inijiortant  action 
of  that  session,  however,  was  tlie  erection  of 
the  County  of  Lucas,  from  territory  taken  from 
tlie  Nortli  part  of  Wood  County,  with  the  dis- 
puted territory  North  of  it,  and  a  portion  of 
the  Northwest  corner  of  Sandusky  County. 
The  County  was  attached  to  the  Setond  Judi- 
cial Circuit  (Judge  Higgins  presiding),  and 
Toledo  made  the  temporary  Couiitj'-seat.  A 
term  of  Court  of  Cominon  I'leas  was  directed 
to  be  held  there  on  the  first  Monday  in  Septem- 
ber following,  at  any  convenient  house. 

At  the  same  session,  the  Ohio  Ijegislatiirc 
passed  an  act  conditionally  accepting  the 
proposition  made  by  Commissioners  liusli  and 
Howard.  After  a  preamble  reciting  features 
of  the  case,  the  law  provided — 1st,  that  the 
Governor  be  requested  to  comply  with  the 
terras  of  the  arrangement  entered  into  on  the 
7th  of  April,  at  the  suggestion  of  Messrs.  Rush 
and  Howard  ;  and  if  the  terms  of  such  agree- 
ment shall  be  faithfully  regarded  by  the  United 
States,  and  all  proceedings  of  the  Michigan 
authorities  against  citizensof  Ohio  be  annulled, 
then  the  laws  of  Ohio  inconsistent  with  such 


arrangement  with  Rush  and  Howard,  should 
be  suspended  until  the  close  of  the  next  session 
of  Congress.  But  should  the  United  States, 
meantime,  or  any  authorities  acting  under  the 
United  States,  do  anything  inconsistent  witli 
said  arrangement,  or  the  criminal  proceedings 
in  Michigan  not  be  annulled,  then  this  act  to 
be  void.  The  (iovernor  was  directed,  in  case 
the  terms  of  said  arrangetneni  should  he  vio- 
lated, to  issue  his  proclamation  declaring  such 
to  be  the  fact.  At  that  session  the  sum  of 
$3(1(1,(100  was  appro]iriated  for  carrying  into 
effect  the  measures adoplc(l  forenfbrcing  Ohio's 
claims  against  tlie  interference  l)y  j\iicliigan 
authorities  and  citizens.  This  bill  jiassed  the 
Senate  by  a  vote  of  2()  yeas,  to  7  nays;  and  the 
House  by  a  vote  of  41  to  2G.  The  bill  to  erect 
the  County  of  Lucas  passed  the  House,  41  to 
2(3  ;  and  the  Senate  without  a  division.  The 
minority  in  each  House  preferred  to  submit  the 
entire  cpiestion,  as  it  tluui  stood,  to  the  action 
of  Congress.  The  Legislature  adjourned  on 
the  20tb  of  June,  after  a  session  of  18  da3s. 
There  was  throughout  a  division  of  sentiment 
as  to  the  policy  to  be  pursued,  though  not  as  to 
the  rights  of  Ohio  in  the  case.  The  expenses 
incurred  by  the  session  amounted  to  S(5,82IJ.30. 

Dr.  Naaman  Goodsell,  under  date  of  May  23, 
1835,  informed  Governor  Lucas  of  his  abduc- 
tion April  8th,  by  a  Michigan  force.  Ho  says 
thej'  appeared  at  his  house  about  2  o'clock  A.  m., 
demanding  admittance,  which  he  refu.sed. 
They  finally  forced  an  entrance;  overcame  him 
by  force;  roughly  treated  him  and  his  wife; 
made  him  their  prisoner,  and  took  him  into  the 
woods,  where  he  was  mounted  on  a  horse  and 
started  for  Monroe.  He  was  insolently  treated, 
and  made  to  ride  a  horse  without  a  bridle.  The 
horse  being  driven  from  behind,  became  fright- 
ened and  ran  until  the  Doctor  jumped  from 
him.  He  was  held  at  Monroe  until  the  next 
day,  and  then  allowed  to  return.  George  Mc- 
Kay went  to  Monroe  as  prisoner  at  the  same 
time  with  Dr.  Goodsell.  McKaj'"s  person  had 
marks  of  violence,  and  he  was  comjjclled  to  ride 
with  his  feet  tied  under  the  horse.  One  of  the 
arresting  party  told  Dr.  Goodsell  that  he  vol- 
unteered to  go  to  Toledo,  to  gratify  a  grudge  he 
had  against  McKay. 

Dr.  Good.sell,  in  a  letter  dated  Perrysburg, 
July  19,  1835,  reports  to  Governor  Ijucas  the 
circumstances  of  his  escajie  from  arrest  by  the 
Michigan  force  of  300  or  400  men.  He  and 
George  McKay  started  together,  but  being  luir- 
sued, the}' .separated,  McKay  havingthe  fastest 
horse.  Dr.  Goodsell's  horse  not  warranting 
such  reliance  for  escape,  he  dismounted,  tied 
his  horse,  and  '•  placed  his  back  against  a  tree, 
determined  to  await  the  assault,"  but  their 
whole  attention  being  directed  to  McKaj',  he 
(Goodsell)  was  enabled  to  escape,  after  stand- 
ing by  the  tree  for  an  hour.  He  crossed  the 
river  in  a  canoe,  remaining  there  all  night. 
His  horse  was  brought  to  him   next  morning, 


300 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


when  he  made  his  way  to  Pen-ysburg.  The 
Doctor  said  lie  should  endeavor  to  remove  his 
i'aniily  from  Toledo,  but  not  to  Perrysburg, 
"  as  llio  actions  of  most  of  the  people  there 
seemed  to  saj','  We  rejoice  in  your  troubles.'  " 
He  said  the  loyal  citizens  of  Toledo  were  "get- 
ting discouraged — having  no  arms,  nor  succor 
sent  them,  which  they  construed  into  neglect." 
He  endeavored  to  cheer  them,  but  it  was 
"  difficult  to  comfort  them.  The  continual 
harassing,  together  with  the  fi-ovvns  of  our 
neighbors  [referring  to  neighboring  Towns], 
arc  surely  hard  things  to  bear  up  against." 
Hepromi.sed  to  write  again  as  soon  as  he  found 
a  resting  place. 

Local  affairs  at  that  time  continued  in  a 
thoroughl}-  mixed  state.  Thus,  we  find  (1), 
that  the  Toledo  Gazette  was  published  at 
"  Toledo,  Wood  County,  Ohio ;"  (2)  that  in  that 
paper  was  an  administrator's  notice  of  "  the 
estate  of  John  Babcock,  late  of  Toledo,  in  the 
Countj^  of  Monroe;"  (3)  notice  of  a  writ  of 
attachment  issued  at  Tremainesville,  by  Baxter 
Bowman,  "a  Justice  of  the  Peace  of  the  Terri- 
tory of  Michigan,  County  of  Monroe,  Township 
ofPort  Ivawrence  ;"  and  (4)  the  notice  of  Fanny 
L.  Allen,  Administratrix  of  the  estate  of  Seneca 
Allen,  under  authority  of  the  Probate  Court  of 
"  Monroe  County,  Territory  of  Michigan."  In 
the  same  paper  (of  March  12,  1835),  appears 
the  message  of  Governor  Lucas  to  the  Ohio 
Legislature,  calling  for  action  in  support  of 
that  State's  claim  to  this  locality,  and  the  reso- 
lutions of  that  body  claiming  such  dominion, 
and  also,  the  proclamation  of  Governor  Mason, 
setting  forth  the  claim  of  Michigan  to  the  same, 
and  declaring  his  purpose  to  maintain  the  .same 
at  every  and  any  hazard;  with  the  stirring 
appeal  of  General  Brown,  already  mentiosed. 

In  June,  1835,  Governor  Lucas  sent  Noah 
■H.  Swayne,  William  Allen  and  David  T. 
Disney,  to  confer  with  President  Jackson  on 
the  subject  of  the  existing  troubles.  These 
gentlemen,  under  date  of  July  1st,  addres.sed 
Secretary  of  State  Forsyth,  in  a  letter  .setting 
forth  the  case,  as  viewed  by  the  Ohio  authort- 
ties.  They  referred  to  an  interview  held  with 
the  President,  in  which  they  asked  that  a  tem- 
porary adjustment  be  had,  under  which  the 
Harris  line  might  be  run  without  molestation  ; 
and  the  prosecution  of  Ohio  citizens  by  Michi- 
gan authorities  be  .suspended,  which  request  the 
President  favored.  The  Secretary,  in  his  reply, 
stated  that  the  President  had  determined  to  u.se 
his  influence  toward  effecting  the  arrangement 
asked  by  Ohio,  in  order  that  matters  remain 
fpiiot  until  Congress  have  lime  to  act. 

The  only  blood  shed  in  this  "  War  "  so  far 
authenticated  as  safely  to  be  made  history, 
attended  the  attempt  of  Deputy-Sheriff  Joseph 
Wood,  of  Monroe  County,  to  arrest  Two 
Stickn(!y,  July  15,  1835,  the  particulars  of 
which  event  are  given  in  an  aflSdavit 
made  by  Lyman  Hurd,  a  Constable  of  Monroe 


County,  who  accompanied  the  Deputy-Sheriff 
to  Toledo,  for  the  purpose  of  arresting  George 
McKay,  a  prominent  Ohio  partisan,  and  said 
Stickney.  Mr.  Ilurd  stated  that  he  and  Wood 
went  into  the  hotel  of  J.  Bai-on  Davis,  where 
they  found  Stickney  and  McKay.  Ilurd  at- 
tempted to  arrest  McKay,  when  he  sprang, 
caught  a  chair  and  told  Hurd  unless  he  desisted 
he  would  split  him  down.  Ilurd  then  saw  that 
McKay  had  a  dirk  in  his  hand.  At  the  same 
time  Wood  made  the  attempt  to  arrest  Stick- 
nej',  laying  his  hand  on  Stickney's  shoulder, 
when  a  scuffle  ensued,  during  which  Stickney 
drew  a  dirk  and  .stabbed  Wood  in  the  left  side, 
exclaiming,  "  There,  damn  you,  you  have  got 
it  now."  Wood  then  let  go  of  Stickney  and 
put  his  hand  on  his  side  and  went  to  the  door, 
saying  he  was  stabbed.  A  physician*  (Dr. 
Jacob  Clark)  was  then  called  to  examine  Wood. 
When  Wood  told  Stickney  he  had  a  prece])t 
for  him,  the  latter  asked  whether  it  was  from 
Ohio  or  from  Michigan,  declaring  that  he  would 
not  be  taken  on  a  Michigan  writ ;  but  if  it 
was  under  Ohio  he  would  go.  Mr.  Ilurd  says 
he  was  advised,  for  his  own  safety,  to  leave  the 
place,  which  he  did  without  arresting  McKaj'. 
The  effect  of  this  transaction  was  greatly  to 
inflam^e  the  passions  of  the  Michigan  authori- 
ties. The  Toledo  Gazette,  in  an  extra  sheet 
dated  July  20th,  re])orted  proceedings  result- 
ing from  the  events  above  named,  as  follows: 

"  We  have  barely  type  and  materials  enough  saved 
from  tlio  outrages  we  are  about  to  relate,  to  lay  tlie 
particulars  before  the  public."  The  account  then 
goes  on  to  state,  tliat  on  .July  ITtli,  a  bo<ly  of  I'-'Hl 
armed  men,  lieaded  l)y  the  Slierili'of  Monroe  County, 
Michigan,  reacfied  Toledo  for  the  o.stensif)le  purpose 
of  serving  civil  processes  upon  residents.  They  bore 
muskets  with  bayonets,  and  after  arresting  seven  or 
eiglit  persons,  includnig  B.  F.  Stickney  and  George 
McKay,  tiiey  proceeded  to  tlie  office  of  tfie  Gazette 
and  at  once  began  an  attack  u])ou  the  printing  press, 
making  their  entrance  l)y  s]ilitting  down  tlie  door, 
which  was  found  looked.  Jfucli  tiaraage  was  done  to 
tlie  materials — knocking  down  the  type  prepared  for 
the  next  issue  of  the  paper  and  tlirowing  it  into  con- 

*  In  recently  speaking  of  tlie  case  referred  to.  Dr. 
Clark  said  he  found  Wood's  inilse  .scarcely  percepti- 
ble, he  Vicing  very  weak.  At  first  the  case  seemed 
precarious,  but  lie  soon  rallie<l.  Tlie  knife  had  cut 
an  oblique  gasli  about  lour  inches  long,  but  fiad  not 
penetrated  the  lungs.  Tlie  patient  was  iiiucli  aston- 
islied  to  learn  tliat  he  was  not  mortally  injured.  Dr. 
Clark  gave  directions  in  tlie  case  and  left  him.  But 
Wood  was  not  satisfied,  sus)iecting  that  Dr.  Clark's 
Ohio  proclivities  had  made  him  iiiditfereiit  to  the 
ca.se.  Hence  he  sent  to  Monroe  for  a  Surgeon,  when 
Dr.  Southard  came,  examined  the  wound,  and  sus- 
tained all  tliat  Dr.  Clark  had  .said  of  the  case.  At  9 
the  next  morning,  Wood  started  for  Monroe.  In  the 
treatment  of  tfiis  case.  Dr.  Clark  became  the  only 
practical  Surgeon  on  either  side  of  the  contest — a  jio- 
sitioii  to  which  his  part  in  the  incipiency  of  tlie 
trouble  entitled  him.  Stickney,  after  stabbing  Wood, 
fled  to  the  interior  of  Ohio,  where  he  was  protected 
by  Governor  Lucas,  who  refused  to  surrender  him  on 
requisition,  for  the  reason  that  if  crime  had  been 
committed  by  Stickney,  it  was  done  witbin  the  State 
of  Ohio. 


OHIO  AND  MICHIGAN  BOUNDARY. 


:!01 


fusion — a  condition  known  to  Printers  as  "  pi."  No 
resistance  could  be  oft'ered  to  so  lai'};e  a  force,  as  many 
residents  made  odious  tu  tlie  Michigan  force  liy  their 
outspoken  expression  and  free  action,  iiad  witlidrawn 
from  the  Town  to  avoid  arrest.  After  ciniiniittinj; 
other  violence  and  insultiuj;  women,  the  force  with- 
drew to  Monroe  with  their  ca)itivcs,  who  were  thrown 
into  pri.son  at  that  place.  Actius;  Governor  Mason 
was  .said  to  liave  Ijeen  at  INIonroe  at  the  time  of  tliis 
visitation,  anil  directed  the  same. 

The  Gazette  understood  the  orders  of  the 
f()reo,  as  declared  by  its  loaders,  to  proceed  to 
Toledo,  to  take  as  prisoners  all  who  wore  in 
any  way  implicated  in  denj-intj  the  jurisdiction 
of  Michigan  over  Toledo;  and  in  case  of  seri- 
ous, resistance,  to  burn  and  destroy  the  Town, 
and  fire  upon  the  first  man  who  undertook  to 
opjjose  them.  The  character  of  the  party  was 
said  to  favor  the  execution  of  such  jilan.  The 
occasion  for  such  proceedinijs  was  said  to  iiave 
grown  out  of  a  personal  ditliculty  between  a 
stranger  named  Odell,  and  a  man  named  Clark 
from  Jlonroo,  in  which,  as  alleged,  Clark,  act- 
ing tlirougli  one  Smitii,  a  hotel-keej)er  and  a 
Justice  of  the  Peace  of  Michigan  ap])ointment, 
undertook  to  get  possession  of  Odell's  team 
without  paying  for  it.  Tiio-caso  was  such  as  to 
excite  the  citizens  of  Toledo  to  steps  to  prevent 
such  action,  and  to  warn  Clark  to  leave  the 
Town,  and  Smith  not  to  again  attempt  the  exer- 
cise of  his  office  there. 

July  2llth,  Judge  IIigt;ins,  from  Perrysburg, 
wrote  tioveruor  Lucas  in  regard  to  the  holding 
of  Court  at  Toledo,  in  Septcmhei',  under  the 
law  erecting  the  County  of  Lucas.  lie  said 
that,  while  ready  to  undertake  such  service, 
without  regard  to  "  personal  consequences,"  he 
still  should  "feel  acutely,  as  would  every  citi- 
zen of  Ohio,  the  disgrace  of  capture  and  abduc- 
tion by  a  Michigan  mob,  of  a  branch  of  the  Ju- 
diciary' of  the  State,  while  actually  engaged  in 
the  portbrmance  of  judicial  functions."  The 
Judge  i-aised  the  point,  whether  or  not  the  con- 
dition of  things  would  not  warrant  the  Gover- 
nor in  sending  to  Toledo  a  force  sufficient  to 
protect  the  Court  when  it  should  meet. 

July  211th,  Governor  Lucas  wi-ote  the  Ohi(j 
Commissioners,  informing  them  of  thearrangc- 
ment  with  the  President,  under  which  the  re- 
marking of  the  Harris  line  was  to  be  ci)ni])leled, 
and  that  the  work  would  commence  September 
1st.  He  further  advised  them  that  he  had  sent 
"  225  rifles  and  61  muskets  and  equipments  to 
Fort  Miami  (Lucas  County),  and  would  send 
more  soon,"  sufficient  for  the  protection  of  the 
civil  authorities  in  that  Count}'.  They  would  be 
placed  under  control  of  the  Court.  He  said  he 
would  watch  proceedings  and  take  measures  to 
protect  the  Court  from  insult,  and  the  Commis- 
sioners while  running  the  line. 

Notwithstanding  the  specific  arrangement 
of  Jul}'  3d,  made  between  Ohio  and  President 
Jackson  for  the  completion  of  the  survey  and 
the  suspension  of  aggressive  action  by  Michi- 
gan, Acting-Governor  Mason  disregarded  such 


agreement,  and  continued  arrests,  as  already 
stated.  For  such  reason.  Secretary  of  State 
Forsyth  wrote  (iovernor  JIason,  stating  that 
his  zeal  in  behalf  of  Michigan  had  overcome  his 
prinlence,  and  he  had  been  sup('rsc<le(l  by  the 
a|)])ointment  of  Charles  Shalci- of  Pennsylvania, 
as  .Seci'etary  of  the  Territory.  The  same  day 
a  letter  was  sent  to  Mr.  Shaler,  notifying  him 
of  such  ap])ointinent,  and  setting  fi)rtli  the  ])0- 
sition  of  the  President  on  the  boundaiy  <|U(^s- 
tion.  He  stated  that  from  the  first  it  had  Ix'cn 
the  President's  opinion,  "  that  without  further 
legislation  by  Congress,  the  country  in  dis])uto 
was  to  be  considered  as  forming,  legally,  a  part 
of  the  Territory  of  ^Michig.-m  ;  and  that  the  or- 
dinary and  usual  jurisdiction  over  it  should  be 
exercised  bj'  Michigan.  He  had  never  admitted 


the  right  set  up  by  Oh 


Further,   he   said 


the  President  had  reiteatedly  and  distinctly 
stated  "what  his  duty  would  conijiel  himtodo, 
in  the  event  of  an  attempt  on  the  ])art  of  Ohio 
to  sustain  her  jurisdiction  over  the  disputed 
territory  by  force  of  arms."  Jle  had  with  re- 
gret and  surprise  noticed  that  Governor  Mason 
had  assumed  that  he  (the  President)  had  aj)- 
proved  the  claim  of  Ohio.  "An  acknowledg- 
ment of  the  right  and  the  temporary  arrange- 
ment to  avoid  the  danger  of  a  liostile  col- 
lision," was,  in  the  President's  view,  "  in 
no  respect  inconsistent  with  the  obligations 
of  the  constitution  and  laws."  The  Sec- 
retary said  the  President  "  had  seen  with 
regret,  the  recent  outrages  committed  at  Tole- 
do on  officers  of  justice  who  attem])ted  to  exe- 
cute process  under  authority  of  .M  ichigan,"  and 
he  "  recommended  that  the  offenders  who  re- 
sisted and  wounded  a  civil  officer  (Deputy- 
Sheriff  Wood)  in  the  execution  of  his  duty,  and 
had  fled  from  the  Territory,  should  be  promptly 
demanded  from  the  Executive  of  any  State  in 
which  they  may  have  taken  refuge." 

August  29th,  Secretary  For.syth  also  wrote 
Governor  Lucas,  enclosing  copies  of  his  letters 
to  Governor  Mason  anil  Mr.  Shalei-,  and  ex- 
pressing the  hope  that  the  spirit  shown  b}'  the 
President  in  those  letters  would  be  "  met  b_y 
measures  dictated  by  the  same  spirit  on  the 
part  of  Governor  Lucas.  "As  it  is  ajiparent," 
said  the  Secretary,  "  from  the  recent  present- 
ment of  the  grand  jury  of  Wood  (Jouiity,  that 
the  inhabitants  of  Toledo  have  declined,  at 
present,  the  jurisdiction  of  Ohio,  the  President 
hopes  no  attempt  will  be  made  now  to  exercise 
it  within  the  disputed  territory."  It  was  stated 
that  the  claim  of  Ohio  having  been  publicly 
put  forth  in  the  face  of  the  country,  the  omis- 
sion to  enforce  it,  while  awaiting  the  action  of 
Congress,  "  could  not  be  considered  as  weaken- 
ing any  just  foundation  on  whiih  it  might  rest." 

The  action  ofthe  Wood  County  grand  jury 
referred  to  by  Secretary  Forsyth,  consisted 
simply  in  examining  witnesses  sent  before 
them  who  testified  that  individuals  had  bceti 
elected  to  office  in  Toledo  under  the  laws    of 


302 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Michigan  and  performed  official  duties  in  dis- 
regard of  the  laws  of  Ohio.  Other  criminal 
acts  were  shown.  In  view  of  the  fact  that  To- 
ledo had  been  set  off  as  part  of  the  new  County 
of  Lucas,  whose  Court  was  to  meet  in  Septem- 
ber, and  as  the  alleged  offenses  were  committed 
alter  the  erection  of  said  County,  the  jury  de- 
clined action  in  the  premises. 

August  7,  1835,  Adjutant-General  S.  C.  An- 
drews issued  an  order  to  Conunundants  of  Di- 
visions throughout  Ohio,  for  them  to  report  at 
once  "  what  numbers  of  Cavalry  and  Mounted 
Riflemen  would  be  willing  to  march  at  a  mo- 
ment's warning,  to  aid  in  defending  our  North- 
ern frontier."  The  order  was  of  "  a  confiden- 
tial character."  Previous  to  such  order,  spon- 
taneous offers  had  been  made  of  men  to  the 
number  of  2,340,  but  were  not  wanted,  being 
chiefly  Infantry  and  Riflemen.  In  a  short  time 
13  Divisions  reported  10,021  as  ready  to  re- 
spond to  a  call,  of  whom  5,835  were  mounted 
men,  and  4,186  Infantry  and  Eiflemen.  The 
total  offers  were  12,361.  In  several  instances, 
the  Commandants  were  confident  the  numbers 
named  might  readil}-  be  greatly  increased. 

This  action  on  the  part  of  the  Ohio  authori- 
ties, naturally  led  those  of  Michigan  to  coun- 
ter-action. Thus,  the  Detroit  Free  Press  of  Au- 
gust 26,  1835,  had  the  following  items : 

The  Ohio  Controversy. — The  Legislative  Council 
yesterday  had  this  subject  under  con.sideration.  They 
have  made  an  appropriation  of  |31.3,000,  to  meet  any 
emergency  which  may  arise,  and  we  learn  that  every 
arrangement  will  be  made  to  afford  a  warm  reception 
to  an}'  portion  of  tlie  "nullion"  of  Ohio,  that  may 
visit  our  borders.  jMichigan  defends  Ijer  .soil  and  Imr 
rights,  and  we  would  wish  our  fellow-citizens  of  Ohio 
to  recollect  that  "  thrice  armed  is  he  who  hath  his 
quarrel  just." 

War  !  War  ! ! — Orders  have  been  issued  for  volun- 
teers to  rendezvous  at  Mnlholland's,  in  the  County 
of  Monroe,  on  the  1st  of  September  next,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  resisting  the  military  encroachments  of  Oljio. 
The  Territory,  it  is  expected,  will  be  on  the  alert, 
and  we  understand  services  will  be  accepted  from  all 
quarters. 

The  latter  movement  evidenth' had  reference 
to  jireventing  the  holding  of  the  Court  at  To- 
ledo, September  7th.  What  was  the  force  which 
finally  was  emplo3-ed  by  Governor  Lucas  can- 
not be  ascertained,  as  no  record  of  the  same 
can  be  found  at  Columbus,  beyond  the  amount 
paid  out  for  the  services  rendered. 

The  situation  as  thus  shown,  while  largely 
conforming  to  the  policy  and  wishes  of  Gover- 
nor Lucas,  was  yet  bj'  no  means  without  its 
embarrassing  features  with  him.  His  arrange- 
ment with  the  Government  was,  for  no  action 
on  the  part  of  Ohio  in  connection  with  the 
boundary  question,  beyond  the  re-marking  of 
the  Harris  line ;  while,  on  condition  of  such 
course  by  Ohio,  the  Michigan  authorities  were 
to  cease  attempts  to  enforce  jurisdiction.  But 
the  County  of  Lucas  had  been  created,  and  bj- 
law  a  Court  was  to  be  held  at  Toledo  on    the 


7th  of  September.  The  situation  was  an  em- 
barras.sing  one.  Threatened  by  the  President 
with  the  Federal  power  in  resistance  to  any 
violation  of  the  compact  or  truce,  it  was  a  nice 
])oint  to  determine  how  jurisdiction  so  positive 
as  the  holding  of  an  OhioCourtin  the  disputed 
territory,  was  to  be  accom])li8hed  without  trou- 
ble with  the  Government.  In  such  emergency 
it  was  decided  to  substitute  strategy  for  force. 
When  the  time  approached  for  holding  the 
Court  at  Toledo,  Governor  Lucas  sent  Adju- 
tant-General S.  C.  Andrews  to  confer  with  the 
Judges  and  County  officers  as  to  the  most  prac- 
ticable ways  and  means  for  holding  the  t'ourt. 
It  was  finally  arranged,  that  Colonel  Vanfleet 
should  furnish  his  Regiment  to  act  as  a  posse, 
subject  to  orders  of  the  Sheriff,  for  the  protection 
of  the  Court.  Such  force  accordingly  ap])eared 
at  Miami,  within  the  new  Countj'.  The  Ad- 
jutant-General  and  Major-General  John  Bell  of 
Lower  Sandusky  (Fremont),  ])roceoded  to  To- 
ledo in  citizen's  dress.  On  Sunday,  September 
6th,  the  three  Associate  Judges,  Sheriff  and 
others  met  at  Miami,  ready  to  move  to  Toledo 
under  escort  of  Colonel  Vanfleet's  force  of  100 
men.  Unfortunately,  the  report  was  brought  in 
on  Sunday  evening,  that  General  Brown  had 
reached  'Toledo  with  a  force  of  1,200  Michigan 
troops,  to  prevent  the  holding  of  the  Court. 
The  effect  of  this  information  was  essentially 
disturbing.  The  Judges  and  others  were  in 
serious  doubt  as  to  what  should  be  done  -some 
favoring  a  "  back-out,"  while  others  insisted  on 
an  advance.  Judge  Iliggins  and  Andrew 
("Count")  Coffinburj'  (the  latter  having  been 
appointed  Prosecuting  Attorney),  were  absent 
when  the  report  came  in,  which  embarrassed 
the  Associate  Judges.  It  was  finallj'  decided 
to  submit  the  question  to  Colonel  Vanfleet,  it 
being  assumed  by  those  not  willing  to  make 
the  triji,  that  that  officer  would  hardly  feel  pre- 
pared, with  his  small  force,  to  meet  1,200  Mich- 
igan troops.  It  is  reported  that  the  Colonel, 
turning  to  the  Judges,  said  ;  "  If  you  are  wo- 
men, go  home  !  If  you  are  men,  do  your  duty  as 
Judges  of  the  Court!  I  will  do  mine."  The 
Colonel  then  said  he  wanted  20  brave  men,  who 
were  willing  to  take  the  risk  of  a  hazardous 
enterprise ;  and  requested  that  such  of  them 
as  were  read}'  to  do  that,  should  step  four  ])aces 
to  the  front,  when  30  so  stepped  out.  Of  these 
20  were  taken.  Captain  Granville  Jones,  of 
Lucas  Guards,  Toledo,  was  left  in  charge  of  the 
camp  at  Miami,  with  directions  to  be  ready  for 
co-operation  with  the  advance.  It  was  then 
decided,  that  September  7th  began  immediately 
after  12  o'clock  Sunday  night,  and  as  no  hour 
for  the  assembling  of  the  Court  was  mentioned 
in  the  law,  one  hour  was  as  good  for  the  pur- 
pose as  any  other,  so  that  the  Court  was  held 
and  due  record  of  its  proceedings  made.  Ac- 
cordingly, at  1  o'clock  A.  M.,  the  procession 
took  up  its  march  of  eight  miles  for  Toledo,  each 
soldier  of  the  escort  carrying  two  Cavalry  pis- 


OHIO  AND  MICHIGAN  BOUNDARY. 


3o:j 


tols.  They  reached  Toledo  about  3  o'clock,  and 
proceeded  at  once  to  a  School  House,  which 
stood  between  Washington  and  Monroe  and 
Michigan  and  Erie  Streets.  It  was  a  frame 
building.  At  that  time  it  was  well  "out  of 
Town,"  and  thus  as  safe  from  observation  as 
accommodations  could  have  been  found.  It 
has  been  deemed  proper,  that  the  building  so 
prominent  as  to  have  served  as  the  first  Court- 
House  of  Lucas  County,  should  be  presented 
to  the  ])resent  and  coming  generations  in  the 
condition  in  which  it  now  (1887)  exists. 


FIRST    COURT-HOUSE   OP    LUCAS    COUNTY. 

Here  "  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  in  and 
for  the  County  of  Lucas,  and  State  of  Ohio," 
for  the  first  time  was  opened  in  due  form.  It 
consisted  of  the  three  Associate  Judges — Jon- 
athan 11.  Jerome,  Baxter  Bowman  and  William 
Wilson.  The  President  Judge  (David  Higgins), 
as  supposed  for  reasons  already  indicated,  was 
not  present.  Junius  Flagg,  ot  Toledo,  acted  as 
Sheriff,  and  Dr.  Horatio  Conant,  of  Maumee, 
as  Clerk.  A  short  session  was  held,  tlie  pro- 
ceedings being  limited  to  the  appointment  of 
John  Baldwin,  Robert  Gower  and  Cyrus  Hol- 
loway,  as  County  Commissioners,  and  the  ap- 
proval of  the  Clerk's  bond.  The  Clerk's  min- 
utes were  kept  on  loose  pieces  of  paper.  The 
length  of  time  occupied  in  these  proceedings  is 
not  recorded,  but  it  was  as  short  as  was  con- 
sistent with  the  jiroper  forms  ;  and  "no  further 
business  appearing  before  said  Court,  it  ad- 
journed," literally  "  without  d:iy,"  since  itsen- 
tire  session  and  adjournment  took  place  in  the 
dark. 

There  seems  somehow  to  have  been  very 
little  interest  taken  by  the  people  of  Toledo  in 
the  record  of  their  initial  Court  and  its  attendant 
circumstances.  Hence,  the  ditticulty  at  this 
late  daj',  in  obtaining  satisfactory  particulars 
of  the  event,  and  especially  of  the  movements 
and  experiences  of  the  Court  in  placing  a  desired 
distance  between  themselves  and  the  supposed 
"  Wolverine  "  troops.  In  the  ab.sence  of  local 
information,  we  are  left,  for  our  most  detailed 
statement  in  that  regard,  to  the  uai'ralion  given 
by  the  late  Willard  V.  Way,  Esq  ,  of  Perrys- 
burg,  in  his  address  before  the  Eaisin  Valley 


(Michigan)  Historical  Society.  Without  in  any 
way  impeaching  the  loyalty  of  that  gentleman 
as  a  citizen  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Ohio,  it 
must  be  conceded  that  his  account  of  that  occa- 
sion does  not  read  in  all  respects  just  as  one  of 
the  zealous  champions  of  Ohio  on  the  disputed 
boundary  question  would  have  been  expected 
to  tell  the  stor}-.  In  this,  the  writer  does  not 
wish  to  be  understood  as  (piestioning  the  truth- 
fulness of  Mr.  Way's  version,  which  was  sub- 
stantially this:  That  upon  adjournment  of  the 
Court,  the  officers  and  escort  went  to  the  tav- 
ern then  kept  by  Munson  II.  Daniels,  not  far 
from  the  Court  House;  that  while  there  en- 
J03'ing  a  season  of  conviviality  natural  on  the 
accomplishment  of  important  and  critical  public 
service,  a  wag  came  hurriedly  into  the  tavern 
and  reported  a  strong  "  Wolverine  "  force  ap- 
proaching and  close  by  ;  that  the  jiarty  at  once 
left  the  house,  sprang  to  their  horses,  leaving 
their  bills  unpaid  ;  that  they  took  the  trail  fbi- 
Maumee,  following  near  the  River  ;  that  upon 
reaching  the  hill  across  Swan  Creek  and  near 
where  the  Oliver  House  now  stands,  seeing  no 
pursuit,  the}-  came  to  a  halt;  that  it  then  be- 
came known  that  the  ('lerk  had  lost  his  hat, 
and  with  it  his  minutes  of  the  Court;  that 
under  direction  of  Colonel  Vanfleet,  careful 
search  was  made  for  the  papers  on  the  line  of 
their  hasty  travel  ;  and  that  after  diligent 
eff'orts,  the  hat  and  contents  were  found.  Col- 
onel Vanfleet  signalized  this  important  success 
by  firing  two  salutes,  when  the  part}'  continued 
their  journey  to  Maumee,  where  they  arrived 
soon  after  daylight,  or  about  six  o'clock,  having 
occupied  five  hours  ingoing  to  Toledo,  holding 
a  Court  and  getting  safely  back.  The  record 
of  that  Court,  s-o  essential  to  the  proper  vindi- 
cation of  the  rights  and  authority  of  the  State 
of  Ohio,  is  as  follows : 

Tlie  State  of  Ohio,  Lucas  County,  ss.: 

At  a  Court  ot"  Common  Pleas,  began  and  hold  at  tlie 
Court  House  in  Toledo,  in  said  County,  on  the  7th 
day  of  September,  A.  D.  LS?,.").  Present,  tlie  Hon- 
orable .Jonathan  H.  .Teronic,  Senior  A.ssociate  .Tmlge 
of  said  County,  their  Honors,  Baxter  Bowman  and 
William  Wilson,  Associate  .Judges; 

The  Court  being  opened  in  due  form  l)y  the  Sheriff 
of  the  Count}-. 

Horatio  Conant  being  appointed  Clerk  of  .said 
County,  exhibited  his  bond,  with  sureties  accepted 
by  the  Court  agreeable  to  the  statute  in  such  case 
made  and  provided. 

The  Court  ap])ointed  John  Baldwin,  K(il)crt 
Gower  and  Cyrus  HoUoway  Commissioners  forisaiil 
County. 

No  further  business  appearing  before  said  Court, 
the  Court  adjourned,  without  day. 

J.  H.  Jkho:me,  Associate  Judge. 

Adjutant  General  Andrews,  in  his  report 
to  Governor  Lucas,  said  : 

"The  Court  was  accordingly  held  under  these  cir- 
cumstances: The  Judges  and  Sherifl'of  the  County 
met  at  Toledo  on  IMonday,  which  was  the  7th,  and, 
attended  by  a  small  posse,  opened  Court,  organized, 
appointed  their  Clerk,  County  Commissioners,  etc.; 


304 


mSTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


and  aftpr  performinn;  sueli  business  as  was  necessary 
for  a  cnniplete  oryanizalion  of  the  County,  and 
uiakiuf;  up  tlieir  record,  adjourned  without  molesta- 
tion. In  tlie  meantime  tlie  opposing  force  had  en- 
tered the  place,  and  taken  possession  of  the  adjoining 
Village  [Vistula,  the  Court  meeting  in  tlie  Port  Law- 
rence Itivision],  with  the  exiiress  purpose,  as  de- 
clared, of  i)reventing  the  session.  They  had.  it  i.s 
asserted,  intormation  of  the  fact,  and  made  arrange- 
ments accordingly.  No  interruption,  however,  took 
place." 

Tliis  report  clsewlicre  says  the  Micbij;;an 
force  entered  Toledo  on  Sunday,  tlie  Gth,  where 
they  remained  until  Monday,  and  some  part  of 
them  until  Tuesday  following,  when  thej'  dis- 
appeared entirel}',  with  the  exceptioQ  of  a 
straggling  band,  who  afterwards  returned  in 
search,  as  pretended,  of  the  Judges  of  the  Court, 
but  engaging  iu  the  customary  excesses  and 
proceeding  to  acts  of  violence  against  certain 
of  the  citizens.  The  inhabitants  were  aroused 
to  resistance,  and  they  were  forcibly  expelled. 
Their  whole  number  u]ion  entering  Toledo, 
appears  to  have  been  not  to  exceed  1,100,  and 
to  have  been  reduced  at  the  time  of  their  re- 
treat to  between  500  anil  (JOO.  General  Brown 
subsecjuently  stated  that  his  main  force  halted 
at  Mulholland's,  some  eight  miles  from  Toledo, 
where  they  remained  Sunday  night,  he  having 
sent  Colonel  Warner  Wing  forward  with  100 
men,  to  watch  the  Judges  and  arrest  them  if 
they  attempted  to  hold  Court.  The  main  force 
reached  Toledo  the  next  day. 

More  or  less  of  excess  in  drinking  and 
carousing  took  place  with  the  Michigan  troops, 
and  especially  in  petty  robbery  of  property-, 
although  such  action  was  against  the  will  of" 
the  officers  in  command.  That  Major  Stickney 
should  be  made  conspicuous  in  that  connection 
is  not  remarkable,  he  being  an  object  of  sjiecial 
hostility  with  that  side,  ft  was  .stated  that  the 
Major,  on  finding  a  man  in  the  garb  of  a  Mich- 
igan soldier,  in  his  garden,  in  the  act  of  pulling 
u]i  potatoes,  asked  what  he  was  doing,  when 
the  tresspasser  rejilied  that  he  was  "drafting 
potato  tops,  to  make  the  bottoms  volunteer." 
The  Major  was  subsecjuentlj'  paid  $300  by  the 
State  for  damages  suffered  during  that  contro- 
versy, besides  costs  and  exjieiises  incurred  by 
him  in  connection  with  his  arrests  May  8th  and 
July  20,  1835,  and  being  taken  to  the  jail  at 
Monroe. 

As  already  mentioned,  the  body  of  the  Mich- 
igan forces  detailed  to  prevent  the  holding  of 
Court  at  Toledo  stopped  at  Mulholland's  on 
Sunday,  the  6th.  At  that  place  ex-Governor 
Stevens,  although  then  nine  days  out  of  office, 
issued  an  address  to  the  troops,  in  the  charac- 
ter of  "  the  Executive,"  in  which  he  notified 
them  that  the  command  was  by  him  at  that 
time  "  assigned  to  Brigadier  General  J.  W. 
Brown,"  and  enjoined  on  them  due  observance 
of  that  officer's  orders.  On  the  same  day  Gen- 
eral Brown  issued,  from  Toledo,  his  address  to 
the  Militia,  closing  with  this  appeal : 


Our  cause  is  just.  We  assemble  to  defend  from 
invasion  our  constitutional  privileges.  The  voice  of 
law  calls  us  to  the  licld,  and  although  young  in  his- 
tory, Michigan  must  he  placed  by  us  in  the  proud 
attitude  of  seeking  to  do  no  wrong,  and  never  shrink- 
ing to  defend  the  honor  of  the  country  and  the  invio- 
lability of  her  soil. 

The  manner  in  which  these  movements  in 
Ohio  were  received  by  the  authorities  and  peo- 
ple of  Michigan  is  further  seen  from  the  fol- 
lowing article,  taken  from  the  Michigan  Seiifi- 
nel,  published  at  Monroe,  under  date  of  Sep- 
tember 12,  1835: 

Wolverine.',  ok  MicirioAN  ! — In  anticipation  of 
the  proposed  organization  of  the  Court  of  ( )hio  at 
Toledo,  and  the  approach  of  Lucas's  "  Million," 
Acting  Governor  Mason  made  a  large  requisition  on 
the  brave  Wolverines  of  Michigan  ;  and  on  .Satnnlay 
last  (September  ."Stli)  they  approached  our  Town 
under  arms  by  hundreds,  from  the  Counties  of  Mon- 
roe, Wayne,  Washti'iiaw,  Lenawee,  Oakland,  Ma- 
comb and  St.  Joseph.  The  whole  body  entered  the 
disputed  territory  (jn  Monday,  accompanied  by  (iov- 
ernor  .Stevens,  (ieiierals  J5rowii  and  Haskall.  and 
Colonels  Davis,  Wing  and  others,  to  the  number  of 
l.l'OO  to  1,.")00,  and  encamped  on  the  i)lains  of  Toledo. 
Governor  Lucas  did  not  make  his  appearance.  The 
Court  is  .said  to  have  been  held  at  the  dead  of 
night,  by  learneil  .Judges  dressed  in  disguise  ;  and  the 
insurgents  of  Toledo  precipitately  fled  from  tlie  scene 
of  action. 

The  last  order  issued  to  the  Michigan  forces, 
was  that  of  General  Brown,  dated  at  Monroe, 
September  10,  1835,  which  was  commenced  as 

follows : 

The  diflerent  Regiments,  Battalions  and  Corps 
comiirising  the  Brigade  of  Michigan  Volunteers  now 
assembled  at  this  place,  will  immediately  be  jnit  in 
march,  by  their  several  commandants,  for  their 
respective  homes. 

There  they  were  to  be  dismissed  for  30  days; 
but  to  hold  themselves  in  readiness  for  another 
call.  General  Brown  expressed  "  his  high  re- 
gard for  the  manly  and  patriotic  manner  in 
which  they  had  obeyed  the  call  of  the  Execu- 
tive to  assist  him  in  sustaining  the  laws  of  the 
Territory  and  the  inviolability  of  itssoil."  And 
thus  closed  the  military  movements  of  Michi- 
gan ill  the ''Toledo  War." 

The  success  of  the  strategy  employed  bj'  tho 
Onio  authorities  for  exercising  jurisdiction  over 
the  disputed  territory,  by  holding  a  Court  at 
Toledo,  seems  to  have  practically  closed  the 
contest.  No  further  attempt  was  made  to  re- 
sist Ohio  authority,  while  the  people  immedi- 
ately concerned  ver3'  rapidly  accepted  the 
same. 

Mr.  Shaler  did  not  accept  the  appointment 
of  Secretary  of  Michigan,  and  John  S.  Horner 
came  to  be  the  Acting  Governor,  between 
whom  and  Governor  Lucas  arrangements  were 
made  for  the  discontinuance  of  the  persecutions 
(commenced  against  all  residents  of  the  disputed 
territory,  except  Two  Stickney,  whom  Gov- 
ernor Lucas  refused  to  surrender  under  requi- 
sition. 


OHIO  AND  MICHIGAN  BOUNDARY. 


.m'i 


The  Michigan  view  of  this  result  was  no 
doubt  fairly  stated  by  Hon.  A.  jj.  Milhird  of 
Adrian,  in  an  address  <lolivercd  July  4,  ISTd. 
He  said  : 

The  result  wns,  that  Ohio,  influential  and  pow- 
erful with  her  12  members  on  the  lloor  of  C'nn<;rrss, 
liievailed  afxaiiist  her  yoiinjrer  and  wi'akcr  wistt'i- 
i\lii-liipin,  with  hur  singlV  IVk'fiate,  and  he  without 
tlu-  right  of  voting;  and  hefure  Congress  would  ad- 
ndt  her  into  the  Ihiion  as  a  State,  shu  was  rc(niired 
to  assent  to  the  ehangi^  in  her  bi)undarit's  and  to 
adopt  the  boundary  claimed  by  Ohio.  But  in  order 
to  make  her  some  amends,  the  Northern  Peninsula, 
then  nil  part  cil'  JIi(l}igau,  was  oH'cred  her.  At  first 
this  iiverture  was  rejected.  A  convention  called  to 
act  upon  it,  refused  to  give  the  as.sent  reijuired.  Her 
people  at  the  time  felt  keenly  upon  the  subject. 
They  felt  that  her  right  to  the'  territory,  under  the 
ordinance  (of  17S7),  and  under  the  act  of  Congress  of 
I8O0,  was  unquestionable,  and  theie  are  few,  in  tins 
State,  at  least,  who  haveexannned  the  (piestion,  who 
do  not  reganl  it  so  to  this  day.  Hut  this  decision  of 
the  Conventiou  did  not  tinally  prevail.  A  huge  and 
influential  jiortion  of  the  citizens— some  from  public 
consideration.s,  and  others,  perhajis.  from  jirivate 
reasons,  thought  it  higldy  desirable  that  the  State  be 
speedily  admitted  into  the  Union.  Another  Conven- 
tion was  accordingly  called,  uot  by  the  Governor  or 
other  legal  authority,  but  l)y  a  liemocratic  Central 
Committee,  requesting  the  people  in  the  several 
Townships  to  elect  delegates.  The  Convention  met, 
and  in  the  name  of  the  people  of  the  State  gave  the 
required  assent.  This,  after  considerable  discu.ssion, 
was  accepted  by  Congress  as  a  compliance  with  the 
condition,  and  the  State  was  admitted  by  an  act 
passed  on  the  27th  January,  l.So7,  an<l  thus  the  con- 
troversy ended.  The  people  of  Michigan  were  ill- 
satished  at  the  time,  being  little  aware  of  the  ndneral 
value  of  the  Upper  Peninsula,  which  they  acquired 
in  lieu  of  the  strij)  surrendered.  Hut  the  snlisecjuent 
develoimient  of  that  region  bas  shown  that  they  got 
an  ample  equivalent,  and  that  the  bargain,  though 
in  a  manner  forced  ujion  them,  turned  out  to  be  not 
a  bad  one  for  .Michigan. 

In  his  message  of  December,  1835,  to  the 
Ohio  LegisUiture  Governor  Lucas  called  atten- 
tion to  the  following  facts,  as  bearing  on  the 
question  of  boundary : 

That  the  Counties  of  Wood,  Sandusky,  Henry  and 
Williams,  made  up  of  territory  ])reviousl}'  possessed 
by  the  Indians  ;  that  such  (bounties  extended  to  the 
Harris  Line,  and  embraced  all  territory  sul)se(juently 
in  dispute;  that  Wood  County  authorities  asserted 
jurisdiction  to  the  Harris  Line,  and  a.sses.se<l  ]M-operty 
for  taxation  up  to  the  same;  that  n(j  ipiestion  was 
raised  by  the  Michigan  authorities  in  tbe  matter  for 
several  years,  nor  until  tiovernor  Cass  sought  in  vain 
to  find  persons  there  willing  to  accept  comnussions  at 
his  hands  ;  that  he  tinally  found  a  man  who  lived 
witbin  the  territory  in  dispute,  becondng  dissatisfied 
with  the  assessment  of  his  proju^rty,  consented  to 
accept  an  appointment  as  Assess<:ir  ;  ami  that  this  was 
over  two  years  after  Ohio  exercised  jurisdiction  to 
the  Harris  Jjine.  This  point  would  have  more  force, 
but  for  the  fact,  that  from  the  organizatiou  of  the 
Ohio  State  tiovernment  in  1S02,  until  the  ratification 
of  the  Indian  treaty  of  1.S17  (a  period  of  fifteen  years), 
most  of  the  territory  afterwards  in  dispute,  was  in 
possession  of  the  Indians,  and  thus  not  subject  to 
civil  government  by  any  authority. 

In  a  special  message  of  February  0,  1835,  to 
the  Ohio  Legislature,  Governor  Lucas  declared 


the  boundary  claimed  by  Michigan  to  be  "  in»; 
possible,"  for  tlie  reason  that  a  line  running 
due  KasI  from  the  Southern  exti-emit}-  of  Lake 
.Michigan,  would  not  only  cross  the  Alaumce 
Uiver  considerably  South  of  the  Ma\iiuce  Hay, 
but  extending  l<>ast  would  nevei'  strike  the  ter- 
ritorial line  between  the  United  States  and 
Canada,  but  pass  thi-ongh  the  Counties  of 
Huron,  Cu3-ahoga,  Geatiga  and  Ashtabula,  to 
the  Pennsylvtmia  line,  some  'ill  or  30  miles 
South  of  Lake  Krie — thus  letiving  a  slriji  of 
such  width  between  the  Northern  boundary  of 
tlic  State  and  the  Lake.  The  (iovernor  also 
called  attention  to  the  fact,  that  while  neither 
House  of  Congress  had  ever  expressed  an  o|iin- 
ion  atlvcrse  to  the  claim  of  Ohio,  there  had 
been,  after  full  investigation  by  the  .hidiciary 
Committee  of  the  Senate,  an  able  report  in  favor 
of  such  claim,  and  a  bill  to  that  effect,  twice 
passed  ])y  that  body;  while  the  House  Com- 
mittee on  Territories,  March  11,  1834,  declared 
additional  legislation  on  the  subject  unneces- 
sary. Governor  Lucas  also  called  attention  to 
the  important  fact,  that  in  the  admission  of 
Indiana  to  the  Union,  subsequent  to  that  of 
Ohio,  that  State  was  allowed  to  extend  its 
Northei'n  boundary  considerably  North  of  the 
Southern  extremity  of  Lake  Michigan. 

To  recapitulate,  it  may  be  stated,  that  the 
fact  of  a  disputed  boundary  was  recognized  very 
soon  after  Ohio  became  a  State.  As  early  as 
18(17,  the  Legislature  of  that  State  a<iopted  a 
resolution  by  which  Congi-ess  was  asked  to  ))ass 
a  law  "  to  ascertain  and  define  the  Northern 
boundary  line  of  this  State  and  fix  the  same," 
agreeably  to  the  provision  contained  in  the 
State  constitution.  In  18011,  ])refaced  with  a 
preamble  stating  that  "great  inconvenience 
has  been  and  is  daily  occurring,  in  con.sequence 
of  the  Western  and  Northern  boundaries  of  the 
State  not  being  ascertained,"  the  Legislature 
renewed  its  request  for  such  definite  declara- 
tion of  such  boundar\' lines.  In  lSll,thesame 
body  again  asked  for  the  same  action,  specific- 
ally citing,  as  a  reason  therefor,  the  fact  that 
Michigan  Territoiy  was  then  undertaking  to 
exercise  authority  over  the  disputed  territor}'. 
In  1812,  Congress,  acting  on  such  request,  di- 
rected the  running  of  a  line  of  boundary, 
which,  owing  to  the  existence  of  the  War  with 
threat  Britain,  was  postponed  until  1S17,  when 
the  Harris  line  was  run.  At  the  sugg<!stion  of 
General  Cass,  but  without  authority  of  Con- 
gress, Surveyor  Fulton  ran  the  "  Fulton  "  line, 
which  Michigan  claimed  to  be  the  true  boiind- 
arj',  but  which  was  found  to  be  im])racticablc, 
for  the  reason  that  it  <lid  not  at  an}'  ])oinl 
intersect  the  territorial  line  between  the  United 
States  and  Canada,  but  loft  considerable  terri- 
tory of  Northern  Ohio  North  of  the  Fulton 
line,  and  between  Ohio  and  Canada.  In  1818, 
the  Ohio  Legislature  re-affirmed  the  claim  of 
the  State  to  the  Harris  line.  The  claim  of 
Michigan  to  the  Fulton  line  still  being  asserlod, 


306 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


tlie  Ohio  Legislature  in  1820  again  called  on 
Congress  definitely  to  settle  the  question  by 
declaring  the  Harris  line  to  be  the  true  bound- 
ary. It  was  only  after  such  repeated  appeals 
to  Congress,  for  the  interposition  of  its 
authority  for  the  settlement  of  the  question, 
that  Ohio,  in  1S35,  acting  in  its  own  sovereign 
capacity,  sat  out  to  assert  and  settle  her  rights 
in  the  Case.  It  was  at  such  suggestion  that 
Messrs.  Rush  and  Howard  were  sent  as  Com- 
missioners by  the  President,  for  the  adjust- 
ment of  the  difficulty.  By  the  agreement  made 
between  those  Commissioners  and  the  Governor 
of  Ohio,  April  7,  18;!5,  it  was  provided  : 

Ist.  Tliat  the  Harris  line  be  run  and  re-marked, 
without  interruption.  L'd.  That  tlie  civil  elections 
under  tlic  laws  of  Ohio  having  taken  place  through- 
out tlic  disputed  territory,  the  people  residing  there 
lie  left  to  their  own  choice  as  to  which  of  the  parties 
should  be  accepted  as  authority  in  government  until 
the  close  of  the  next  session  of  Congress.  This  Ohio 
assented  to,  with  the  proviso,  that  Michigan  be  com- 
pelled to  al)ide  by  the  terms  of  the  compact;  and 
especially,  that  all  prosecutions  begun  under  the 
authority  of  that  Territory  against  citizens  of  Ohio, 
be  discontinued. 

The  case,  having  been  by  arrangement  finally 
referred  to  Congress,  the  discussion  became 
active  there,  and  was  ably  presented  on  the 
part  of  Ohio,  by  Governor  Lucas  and  the 
Senators  and  Representatives  from  this  State. 
In  a  letter  to  the  Secretarj'  of  State  at  Wash- 
ington, November  10,  18:^5,  the  Governor 
stated  that  he  was  informed  by  General  Has- 
kall,  a  member  of  the  Michigan  Legislature, 
that  Governor  Mason  ])rocured  the  key  to  the 
United  States  Arsenal  at  Detroit,  and  in  that 
way  came  into  possession  of  Government  arms 
tor  use  by  his  forces.  Governor  Lucas  ex- 
pressed the  belief,  that  such  use  of  the  arms  was 
made  "  by  private  special  permission  of  the 
Secretary  of  War  "  (General  Lewis  Cass).  The 
Governor  stated  that  in  private  letters  to 
friends  in  Ohio  and  seen  by  him.  Secretary 
Cass  stated,  that  while  not  appearing  publicly 
in  the  controversy,  he  was  doing  all  he  could 
privately-  in  suj)port  of  the  Michigan  claim. 
Governor  Lucas  attributed  to  the  Secretary 
the  responsibility  ot  the  entire  controversy. 

In  a  letter  of  November  19,  1835,  Secretary 
Cass  alludes  to  this  expression  by  Governor 
Lucas,  and  protests  against  the  same  as  grossly 
nnjust.  On  the  contrary,  he  stated,  that  while 
liiUy  believing  in  the  justice  of  Michigan's 
claim,  and  advising  the  e.xereise  of  jurisdiction 
over  the  disputed  territory  by  the  use  of  ordi- 
nary civil  power,  he  at  all  times  discounte- 
nanced the  resort  to  force  which  Governor 
Mason  made. 

Governor  Lucas  then  quotes  from  the  pri- 
vate letters  of  the  Secretary',  referred  to  by 
him,  showing  that  the  author  did  severely  de- 
nounce the  action  of  Ohio  i'l  the  matter  as 
"  among  the  most  unjustifiable  which  had  taken 
jjlace  during  his  time." 


In  a  report  made  March  1,  1836,  the  Judi- 
ciary Committee  of  the  Senate,  of  which  Hon. 
John  M.  Clayton,  of  I)elaware,  was  Chairman, 
discussed  the  matter  with  much  clearness  and 
detail,  going  over  the  essential  ]>oints  and 
facts.  The  immediate  matter  in  hand  was  the 
"  bill  to  settle  and  establish  the  Northern 
boundarj-  line  of  the  State  of  Ohio,"  which 
provided  "  that  the  Northern  boundary  of  the 
State  of  Ohio,  shall  lie  established  by  and  ex- 
tend to,  a  direct  line  running  from  the  Southern 
extremity  of  Lake  Michigan  to  the  most 
Northerly  Cape  of  tlie  Miami  Bay;  thence 
Northeast  to  the  Northern  boundary  line  of 
the  United  States;  and  thence,  with  said  line, 
to  the  Pennsylvania  line."  The  result  of  the 
Committee's  investigation  was  to  the  effect, 
that  aside  from  the  declaration  made  in  the 
constitution,  the  State  of  Ohio  could  have  no 
claim  to  the  line  therein  set  forth.  Thus,  the 
wholequestion  turned  upon  the  validity  of  that 
declaration  as  a  basis  for  the  claim  made  by 
Ohio;  while  such  basis  could  not  be  valid, 
without  the  "  assent  of  Congress."  Hence, 
again,  arose  the  question.  Did  the  admission  of 
Ohio  into  the  Union,  with  such  constitution, 
constitute  the  recjuired  "  assent  of  Congress  " 
to  the  boundary  stated  ?  The  Senate  Com- 
mittee concluded  its  full  examination  of  that 
question  in  the  following  language  : 

We  do  not  hesitate,  then,  to  express  our  conviction, 
that,  while  Congress  has  not  yet,  in  terms,  declared 
its  satisfaction  with  the  line  now  contended  for  by 
Ohio,  as  her  Northern  boundary,  it  has,  in  the  most 
solemn  manner,  iiccepted  her  Stale  Constitiition,  recog- 
nized it,  as  made  pursuant  of  a  lawful  authority  to 
make  it,  conferred  by  an  act  which  reserved  the  right 
to  annex  to  Oliio,  at  any  future  period,  a  country 
embracing  the  whole  territory  in  dis|>ute ;  and  has, 
by  these  means,  assented  to  the  terms  of  the  proviso, 
which  is  one  of  the  essential  features  of  the  constitu- 
tion. We  say  essential,  because  everything  regard- 
ing her  boundaries,  touches  her  sovereignty— her 
very  being,  as  an  independent  State.  We  hold  tliat, 
by  the  acceptance  of  this  constitution,  Congress 
undertook,  that  if  the  fact  should  be  hereafter  .satis- 
factorily ascertained  that  the  Southerly  bend  or  ex- 
treme of  Lake  jNIichigan  extends  so  far  South,  that  a 
line  drawn  due  East  from  it  must  intersect  Lake  Erie 
East  of  the  Miami  of  the  Lake,  then,  with  the  assent 
of  Congress,  the  Northern  boundary  should  be  the 
very  boundary  described  in  the  bill  before  the  Com- 
mittee. And  while  we  negative  the  assertion  of  the 
right  to  the  line,  contained  in  the  resolution  referred 
to  us,  considcrc<l  as  a  strictly  legal  right,  to  perfect 
which  no  further  action  of  Congress  is  reiiuisite,  and 
adopt  the  distinction  which  is  well  taken  by  the 
Attorney-General,  in  his  letter  to  the  President  of 
March  L'ist,  last,  between  the  assent  of  Congress  to 
the  proviso,  which  has  been  given,  and  its  assent  to 
the  actual  extension  of  the  Northern  houndarj',  as 
proposed  in  the  proviso,  which  has  not  been  given, 
we  also  declare,  in  justice  to  that  State,  that  for  the 
reasons  which  we  will  now  proceed  to  detail,  Con- 
gress cannot,  consistently  with  the  original  under- 
.standing  of  the  compact  between  that  State  and  this 
Government,  and  those  obligations  which,  though 
not  strictly  legal,  are  of  great  equitable  and  moral 
force  among  Nations,  as  well  as  individuals,  with- 
hold its  assent  to  the  line  in  the  bill. 


OHIO  AND  MICUIOAN  BOUNDARY. 


307 


The  Committee  then  state  the  fact,  that  at 
the  time  the  constitution  of  Oiiio  was  foriiiod, 
the  ma])S  existing,  with  a  single  exoi'iition, 
placed  the  Southern  extreme  of  Lake  Mirlii- 
gan  between  42°  2(1'  and  42°  :W  North.  The 
ma|)  of  Peter  Bell,  Geographer,  published  in 
1772,  would  have  made  a  line  due  East  irimi 
the  extreme  of  Lake  Michigan  strike  the  Detroit 
River,  North  of  Lake  Erie.  That  of  William 
Faden,  in  1777,  would  have  placed  such  line 
North  of  Lake  Brie.  Kitchen's  Atlas  agreed 
with  iJell's  map.  An  ancient  ma]^,  by  Einan 
Bowen,  Geographer  to  His  British  Majesty, 
and  John  Gibson,  Engineer,  of  17()l:!,  ])laco(l 
such  line  North  of  Lake  Erie.  Laurie  Ifc 
Whittle's  map,  issued  at  London,  1794,  located 
the  same  line  above  "Lake  Erie  or  Okswego," 
as  laiti  down.  An  ancient  map  of  the  North- 
western Territory,  with  a  supplement  to  the 
map  of  Hudson's  and  Baltin's  Bays,  shows  the 
same  results.  Mitchell's  map,  published  in 
1755,  is  said  to  have  been  the  one  relied  on  Ity 
Congress  and  the  Convention  of  Ohio,  at  the 
time  of  the  admission  of  this  State;  and  that 
placed  the  extreme  of  Lake  Michigan  at  42^' 
20'  North,  thus  placini;  a  line  due  East  far 
North  of  the  most  Northei-ly  Cape  of  Maumee 
Bay  and  the  mouth  of  Detroit  River. 

Under  such  .state  of  facts,  it  is  not  mattei'  of 
surprise,  that  the  Committee  should  say  that 
"  it  was  then  believed  by  both  ])arties,  that  the 
new  State  of  Ohio  would  comprehend  not  only 
the  whole  teri-itor}' in  controversy,  but  a  much 
larger  iract  of  countr3-  lying  North  ol  it."  In 
tact,  the  ordinance  of  1787,  and  the  enabling 
act  of  Congress,  under  which  the  constitution 
of  Ohio  was  formed, if  interpreted  by  the  maps 
made  the  basis  of  action  on  both  occasions, 
would  have  given  to  Ohio  not  only  all  she  ever 
claimed,  but  in  addition  the  entire  present 
Southern  tier  of  Counties  in  Michigan. 

The  bill  thus  endorsed  by  the  Senate  Com- 
mittee, fixed  the  boundaries  of  Michigan  and 
Indiana,  as  well  as  the  Northern  boundary  of 
Ohio,  and  passed  the  Senate  March  10th  b}' a 
vote  of  37  to  3,  and  went  to  the  House  of  Rep- 
resentatives. March  22(1  a  bill  was  introduced 
into  the  Senate  by  Mr.  Benton  to  establish  the 
Northern  boundary  line  of  Ohio  and  to  admit 
Michigan  into  the  Union,  upon  conditions 
therein  expressed,  which  bill  passed  the  Senate 
April  2d,  by  a  vote  of  24  to  18,  and  went  to  the 
House.  This  bill  differed  from  the  one  jjassod 
March  loth,  in  that  it  contained  a  proviso,  that 
the  boundary  line  of  Ohio  should  receive  the 
assent  of  a  Convention  of  delegates  of  the 
people  of  Michigan,  ns  a  condition  of  the  ad- 
mission of  Michigan  into  the  Union.  For  this 
reason  the  second  bill  was  not  satisfactory  to 
the  larger  portion  of  the  Ohio  delegation  in 
Congress,  who  preferred  the  unconditional 
terms  of  the  Ola}  ton  bill,  and  were  not  willing 
that  the  question  be  left  open  for  further  doubt 
and  agitation.     In    the  House  the  question  of 


precedence  in  action  upon  the  two  Senate 
bills  was  raised,  and  decided  in  favor  of  the 
Benton  bill,  and  .Line  llUh  it  ]iasscd,by  a  vote 
of  1,')3  to  45.  June  I5lh,  the  (Jlayton  bill,  un- 
conditionally fixing  the  Northern  line  of  Ohio, 
]iasscd  the  House,  without  a  division,  and  thus 
was  the  long -deferred  and  much  disputed 
bountlary  (piestion  and  the  "Toledo  War'' 
definitely  and  finally  settled. 

For  I'casons  which  seemed  to  have  been  more 
jtoliticul  than  sub.staTilial,  it  wa.'<  deemed  ad- 
visable by  the  friends  of  the  Administration  to 
connect  the  admission  of  Arkansas  with  that 
of  Michigan,  by  which  association  the  adju.st- 
ment  of  the  boundiiry  question  ]>i-obably  was 
delayed  for  six  months.  A  ])rominent,  if  not 
the  controlling,  consideration  in  the  matter, 
w'as  the  sleci)less  jealousy  of  Southern  ])oliti- 
cian.s,  with  whom  it  had  come  to  be  settled, 
that  no  Free  State  should  lie  added  to  the 
Union,  unless  associated  with  a  new  Slave 
State,  to  the  end  that  ei|uilibriun\  in  the  jiolit- 
ical  power  of  Freedom  and  of  Slavery  might  be 
])reserved.  This  fact  will  cx])lain  the  pi-ece- 
denco  given  the  Benton  bill  over  the  Clayton 
bill  in  the  Hou.se.  The  same  spirit  of  jealousy 
was  constantly  manifested  as  long  as  Slavery 
continued  to  be  a  cause  of  sectional  discord. 
To  the  sanie  fell  spirit  was  the  country  subse- 
quently indebted  for  the  annexation  of  Texas, 
in  order  that  additional  territory  for  Slave 
States  might  be  obtained  ;  and  to  the  same,  for 
the  like  object,  the  Mexican  Wai-;  and  neither 
of  these  recourses  being  found  effective,  iis  a 
last  resort  came  the  attemj)t,  through  the  re- 
peal of  the  Missouri  Coni]>romise,  to  subject 
Free  territory  to  the  establishment  of  Slave 
States.  It  was  the  failure  of  this  device  that 
drove  the  Slaveholding  power  to  the  filial  mad- 
ness of  rebellion  and  an  attempt  to  desti'oy  the 
Union  it  was  no  longer  able  to  control  to  its 
purposes,  nnd  led  to  the  sudden  and  total  de- 
struction of  the  interest  so  long  and  so  despe- 
ratelj-  defended. 

In  this  connection,  the  particulars  of  the 
Michigan  forces  as  furnished  by  the  ])ay-roll  of 
her  soldiers,  now  among  the  archives  of  that 
State,  will  be  of  interest.  That  roll  gives  the 
name  of  ever}'  soldier  (officer  and  ])rivate),  the 
amount  of  pay  received,  and  in  most  cases,  his 
receipt  therefor.  The  list  has  the  names  of 
1,100  men.  The  pay  of  Major-fieneral  Brown, 
Commander  of  the  Territorial  ai'my,  was  §200 
per  month.  Ho  had  for  Aido-de-Camp,  Al- 
pheus  Felch,  afterward  Governor  and  ITnited 
States  Senator,  who  received  §50  pei-  month. 
(Jolonels  were  paid  $75,  Captaiiis  $40,  Lieuten- 
ants $30,  Ensigns  $20,  Sergeants  $8  and  privates 
$G.Oli  per  month.  Considering  the  "  currency" 
in  which  they  were  paid  ("Wikl-Cat"  Bank 
notes),  these  rates  do  not  seem  to  be  excessive. 
The  sevei'al  organizations  of  the  Michigan 
forces  were  known  as  fiillows:  The  Oakland 
Detachment,  of  l'J2  men  ;  Major  Bucklin's  Reg- 


308 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


iment,  oflSlI  men  ;  Colonel  T.  D.  Davis's  Eifle 
Brigade,  of  21S  men  ;  Second  Eegiment  (Oolo- 
ncrWarner  Wing),  140  men;  Captain  J.  Wood's 
Company  of  1-iglil   Horse,  of  01   men;  Shelby 
VolunteiM-s,  of  00  men  ;  Acting  Brigadier-Gen- 
eral Martin    Davi.s'.s  Detachment,  of  47  men; 
Colonel  Davis  Smith's  Eighth  Eegiment,  of  247 
men.     Total  force,  1,254."    The  aggregate  ex- 
])enditurc  of  Michigan,  in  connection  with  the 
boundary  controvers}',  is  placed  at  ^13,658.76. 
The  people  of  Michigan,  in  that  controversy, 
labored    under    two    serious    embarrassments. 
Ill  the  first  place,  as  already  stated,  theirs  being 
oiil}-  a  Territorial  Government,  the  creature  of 
Congress,  wholly  subject  to  Federal    rule,    it 
could  have  no  recognized  authority  even  over 
its     domestic    affairs,    and     much      less     over 
its    relations    to    other    Governments.      This 
condition  of  tutelage    deprived    it   of  the  po- 
litical   status    which     State    organization    and 
power  alone  could  confer.     In  the  next  place 
it  was    largely    handicapjied    by   an    unfortu- 
nate head   of  what  government  it  possessed. 
In  1814,  General  Lewis  Ca.ss,  then  of  the  United 
States  Army,  but  a  resident  of  Marietta,  Ohio, 
was  made  Military  Governor  of  Michigan  Ter- 
ritory.    Subsequently,  he  was  made  Civil  Gov- 
ernor, with  William  Woodbridge,  also  of  Ma- 
rietta, as  Secretary,  both  appointments  being 
fortunate  for  the  Territoiy.     The  administra- 
tion of  Governor  Cass  will  always  stand  prom- 
inent among  those  of  AVestern  Territories.    Ho 
.  was  specially  serviceable  in  his  relations  with 
the  Indians,  with  whom  he  concluded  important 
treaties  and  largely  maintained  friendly  rela- 
tions, being  Superintendent  of  Indian    Affairs 
for  all  the  then  Northwest,   as    well    as    Civil 
Governor  of  Michigan.     He  it  was,  who  nejio- 
tiated  at  Fort  Meig.s,  in   September,  1817,  ithe 
important  treaty  by  which  the   Seneca,  Dela- 
ware, Wyandot,  Shawanese,  Pottawatomie  and 
Chippewa   tribes  surrendered  to  the  Govern- 
ment about  one-tifth  of  the  territory  comprising 
the    State  of  Ohio,    beside   large    districts    in 
Michigan  and  Indiana.     Beside  this  treaty,  10 
others  were  negotiated,  chiefly  under  his  man- 
agement, and  in  their  i-esults  transferring   to 
the  United  States  vast  extents  of  lands,  both 
East   and  West  of  the  Mississippi.     In    1881, 
Governor  Cass  was  called    to   Washington,  to 
serve  as  Secretary  of  War  in  President  Jack- 
son's Cabinet.     The  loss  of  his  services,  made 
so  highly  valuable  by  his  long  experience  and 
intimate  knowledge  of  the  affairs  of  the  Terri- 
tory, was  much  regretted  at  the  time  ;  but  the 
measure  of  the  loss  was  made  more  fully  known 
only  through  the  management   of  succeeding 
years.     In  1830,  the  Territory  had  attained  to 
a  population  of  32,5::58,  and  was  self-supporting. 
With  such  advance  in  numbers,  the  people  had 
become  possessed  of  an  exceptional  degree   of 
local  pride,  no  doubt  largely  due  to  the  position 
which    Governor    Cass's    administration    had 
given  the  Territorial  Governmeut.     Hence,  the 


succession  to  that  officer  was  a  matter  of  more 
than  ordinaiy  concern  with  them,  and  they 
were  veiy  desirous  that  it  should  fall  upon  one 
of  several  prominent  citizens  of  the  Territory, 
instead  of  being  utilized  in  the  promotion  of 
political  interests  elsewhere.  Secretiiry  Wood- 
bridge  and  Austin  E.  Wing  were  looked  upon 
as  specially  suitable  for  the  Governorship. 
Such  desire,  however,  had  so  little  consideration 
at  Washington,  that  John  T.  Mason  of  Virginia, 
a  brother-in-law  of  Postmaster-General  Barry, 
was  appointed  Secretary  of  the  Territory,  to 
act  as  Governor  until  the  latter  office  should 
be  filled.  The  appointee,  however,  did  not  ac- 
cept, but  went  abroad  on  some  private  agency, 
and  the  office  was  transferred  to  his  son,  Ste- 
vens T.  Mason.  The  choice  of  a  non-resident 
for  purely  political  and  personal  reasons,  was 
bad  enough  ;  but  that  of  a  mere  boy — but  19 
years  of  age — added  greatl}'  to  the  disappoint- 
ment and  chagrin  of  the  people,  who  sent  to 
him  a  Committee  for  conference,  when  he  ac- 
knowledged his  minority',  and  .sought  to  justify 
it  on  the  ground  that  his  father's  income  was 
not  sufficient  to  properh'  support  the  family. 

This  feeling  was  greatly  intensified  by  the 
fact,  that  in  consequence  of  Govei-nor  (!ass  be- 
ing removed  to  become  Secretary  of  War,  the 
Secretary  would  become  the  Acting  Governor, 
with  full  executive  responsibilities.  All  pro- 
tests, however,  proved  unavailing.  The  Vir- 
ginia "  lad  "  became  Michigan's  Governor,  and 
by  his  subsequent  action  did  not  a  little  to  jus- 
tify' what  had  been  said  of  him.  It  is  more 
than  jirobable  that  in  the  management  of  the 
boundary  (juestion,  he  sought  to  turn  to  per- 
.sdiial  account  the  parti.san  feelingof  the  peojile 
of  the  Territory,  and  by  extra  zeal  to  increase 
that  feeling,  winch  will,  in  a  measure,  account 
lor  his  indiscretion  at  different  times.*  Again, 
it.is  probable,  that  the  circumstances  of  his  ap- 
jiointmcnt  and  the  dissatisfaction  arising  there- 
from, his  questionable  personal  course  and  his 
lack  of  discretion,  all  contributed  to  make  the 
President  more  reluctant  to  make  the  Govern- 
ment res])onsible  for  Mr.  Mason's  action  ;  and 
thereby  did  the  latter  turn  out  more  to  the  ad- 
vantage o(  Ohio  than  of  Michigan  in  the  dis- 
jiute.  Had  Governor  Cass  been  in  Mason's 
place,  and  conducted  the  question  on  the  same 
general  basis,  there  is  rea.son  to  believe  that 
Ohio  would  have  had  a  more  embarrassing 
case  on  its  hands,  with  a  result  less  satisfactory. 

The  ju'otest  of  the  people  at  Washington  was 
geuei'al  and  emjihatic,  but  to  no  avail.  George 

*The  Detroit  Courkr,  in  March,  1832,  had  this 
item : 

"  His  Excellency,  the  Acting  Governor  of  the  Ter- 
ritory of  Micliigan,  at  a  special  session  of  the  ^layer's 
Court,  was  bound  over  to  keep  the  peace  ;  and  held 
to  recognize  for  liis  good  behavior  at  the  June  term 
of  tlie  Circuit  Court.  These  proceedings  were  caused 
by  a  personal  assault  by  the  Acting  Governor  upon  a 
Detroit  editor,  on  account  of  criticisms  of  tliat  of- 
ficial." 


OHIO  AND  MICHIGAN  BOUNDARY. 


309 


B.  Porter  of  Pennsylvania  was  appointed  Gov- 
ernor, and  had  he  devoted  his  time  and  atten- 
tion to  tlie  office,  the  presonco  of  the  "  Boy 
Governor "  would  have  been  less  ottensivo. 
The  latter  by  cultivating  geniality  through  the 
social  customs  of  the  day,  and  a  course  of  con- 
ciliation, in  a  measure  moditied  the  intensity  of 
the  feeling  against  him,  whereby  the  people 
were  led  to  endure  what  they  could  not  cure. 
Thus  matters  stood,  when,  in  the  winter  of 
1834-5,  the  action  of  the  Ohio  Legislature  on 
the  boundary  question,  raised  an  issue,  which 
with  the  people  of  the  ambitious  Territory, 
soon  overshadowed  that  of  their  Governorship. 
Some  three  years  of  experience  in  office  had 
measurably  fitted  Secretaiy  Mason  for  the 
place;  and  appreciating  the  0])]}0i'tiinity  for 
commending  iiimself  to  po])ular  favor,  fur- 
nished by  the  Ohio  action,  he  at  once  en- 
tered in  the  most  spirited  manner  upon  such 
measures  of  resistance  as  he  could  eniploj'.  The 
result  was,  that  he  soon  largely  removed  the 
feeling  existing  against  him.  But  in  doing 
this,  he  di.spleased  the  powers  at  Washington, 
whose  deep  concern  for  the  political  bearing  of 
the  controversy  had  led  them  to  favor  the  Oliio 
side  of  the  question.  Hence  it  was,  that  in 
September,  1835,  with  the  boundary  question 
yet  unsettled,  John  S.  Iloi'ner,  another  joung 
man,  ignorant  of  the  country,  was  appointed 
Governor  of  the  Territory.  He  came  on,  and 
sought  by  a  policy  of  conciliation  to  induce  an 
adjustment  of  the  boundary  difficulty,  whereby 
he  seriously  displeased  the  people,  who  looked 
upon  him  not  as  the  Executive  of  the  Terri- 
tory, but  as  simply  the  tool  of  political  masters 
at  Washington,  whose  sole  interest  in  the  mat- 
ter was  to  manage  it  for  the  greatest  partisan 
advantage.  This  state  of  things  was  made  the 
more  offensive  to  the  people,  by  the  fact,  that 
at  that  time  thej-  had  organized  a  comjilete 
State  Government — in  form — with  a  Legisla- 
ture, and  United  States  Senators  chosen.  Ere 
long  Governor  Horner  left  the  Peninsula,  for 
a  portion  of  Territory  beyond  the  limits  em- 
braced in  the  State  organization. 

During  the  Summer  of  1835,  and  while  the 
boundary  question  was  yet  undetermined,  the 
people  of  Michigan  sat  about  the  organization 
of  a  government,  in  which  they  could  have 
some  power.  To  this  end  they  held  a  Conven- 
tion ;  framed  a  State  Constitution,  which  was 
adopted  by  the  people,  who,  at  the  same  time 
chose  State  officers  and  a  Legislature.  Secretary 
Mason  was  chosen  Governor,  and  Edmund 
Mundy,  Lieutenant  Governor  ;  while  Lucius 
Lyon  and  John  J^orvell  were  chosen  United 
States  Senators  by  the  Legislature  ;  and  Isaac 
E.  Crar}',  as  Ee^jresentative  in  Congress.  Such 
action,  unauthorized  bj'  existing  law,  was  not 
approved  at  Washington,  and  especially  as  its 
tendency  was  to  complicate  and  intensify  the 
boundary  issue.  The  admission  of  the  State 
under  such  state  of  things  was  out  of  the  ques- 


tion. Then  it  was  that  the  compromise,  on 
which  the  whole  trouble  was  finalK'  settled,  was 
projioscd,  to  wit  :  'i'lial  Michigan  yield  the  dis- 
]juted  territory,  and  in  lieu  of  that  accept  the 
Lake  Superior  Peninsula.  This  pro])osition 
was  submitted  to  the  people  of  Michigan,  who 
.sent  delegates  to  a  (Convention  held  at  Ann 
Arbor,  September  4,  l.S3ti,  by  which  the  otter 
was  rejected.  Steps  were  then  taken  (or  an- 
other Convention,  which,  in  reality,  was  little 
more  or  less  than  an  Administration  scheme 
for  forcing  terms  u]ion  the  peojile.  For  such 
]nirpose,  delegates  were  chosen  "  direct  from 
the  people,"  in  local  caucuses,  without  even  the 
semblance  of  authoi-it}'  in  law.  The  body  thus 
chosen  met  at  Ann  Arbor,  December  (!,  1S3(;, 
and  assuming  to  s]ieak  for  the  ])eo]ile  of  Mich- 
igan, proceeded  to  accejit  the  terms  ])ro])osed  ; 
and  by  an  act  ])assed  January  2i>,  1837,  Con- 
gress declared  that  a  State  Government  had 
been  duly  formed  by  the  people  of  Michigan,  and 
the  same  was  admitted  as  a  member  of  the 
Union,  and  the  vexed  question  ofboundary  was 
forever  settled.  A  large  portion,  and  ])robabl3-  a 
majority,  of  the  peojile,  with  their /;.s7'»/(/o  State 
officials,  indulged  in  a  liheial  degree  of  indig- 
nation and  protest ;  but  that  was  the  onl}-  con- 
solation aceoi-ded  them.  They  could  accom- 
plish nothing  in  resistance  to  the  wrong  they 
felt.  Governor  Mason  indulged  in  emphatic 
riietoric  about  the  outrage  committed,  to  meet 
with  little  more  than  ridicule  of  himself  as  "the 
Hero  of  the  bloodless  plains  of  Toledo." 

The  people  of  Michigan  regarded  it  as  a 
matter  of  grave  wrong,  that  their  Territory 
should  be  deprived  of  the  few  square  miles  of 
lands,  which  they  had  hoped  would  be  included 
in  their  prospective  State.  And  when,  as  a 
matter  of  compen.sation  for  such  loss,  Congress 
])roposed  to  give  them  the  great  Peninsula  of 
Lake  Superior,  with  all  its  rich  mineral 
deposits,  the  people  of  Alichigan  rejected  the 
offer;  and  the  arrangement  was  consummated 
onl}-  through  the  unauthorized  manipulation 
of  local  politicians.  If  the  loss  of  that  little 
striji  of  land,  was  so  great  a  wrong  to  Michi- 
gan, what  was  the  loss  to  Wisconsin,  of  a  ter- 
ritory some  350  by  GO  miles  in  extent,  the 
taking  of  which  cut  that  State  off  from  some 
400  miles  of  Lake  coast,  leaving  to  it  onl}- 
about  70  miles  of  such  possession,  and  depriv- 
ing it  of  many  valuable  harbors,  in  order  that 
Michigan  might  add  the  400  to  the  700  miles 
of  coast  already  possessed  bj'  her?  Not  oid^- 
all  this,  but  Wisconsin  was  deprived  of  KtO 
miles  of  the  Western  coasts  of  Lake  Michigan 
and  Green  Bay,  with  all  their  desirable  har- 
bors, so  imjjortant  to  that  State.  Of  the  two, 
it  would  seem  that  Wisconsin,  rather  than 
Michigan,  was  the  part}*  wronged  in  the  ad- 
justment of  the  boundary  dispute  of  1835. 

Of  the  8300,000  appropriated  by  the  Ohio 
Legislature  (or  expenses  in  the  measures  pro- 
j)0sed  for  enforcing  the   rights  of  the  State  in 


310 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


the  boundary  controversy,  the  sum  of  S8,837 
was  8ubsc(iuently  expended.  Among  the  itoins 
were  the  Ibllowing  :  To  C.  Nei.swanger,  Quar- 
ter Master  General,  $1,47:5.77;  pay  of  State 
Commissioners,  for  running  the  boundary, 
S4(»G  ;  to  .lonatiian  Taylor,  one  of  the  Commis- 
sioners, for  expenses  in  running  the  line, 
$1,000;  Samuel  C.  Andrews,  Adjutant  Gen- 
eral, §128.i)(; ;  General  John  Bell,  commanding 
Ohio  forces,  lor  compensation,  §228.00  ;  N.  H. 
Swayne,  William  Allen  and  David  T.  Disney, 
Commissioners  to  Washington,  ^300;  N.  H. 
Swayne,  liorsc-hire  and  expenses,  at  Perr3-s- 
burg  and  returning  to  Columbus,  $32.50;  relief 
of  .).  E.Fletcher,  oV  the  surveying  party,  ar- 
rested and  takeu  to  Tecumseh  a  prisoner,  bj^ 
Micliigan  parly,  $100;  Auditor  of  State  John 
A.  Bryan,  tor  exjicnses  in  transmitting  docu- 
ments" to  Tecumseh  to  secure  releaseof  Fletcher, 
$47.13. 


It  was  both  natural  and  proper  that  an  event 
so  important  to  the  people  of  Toledo  as  the 
adjustment  of  the  boundary  question  and  the 
end  of  years  of  internecine  contest  and  local 
bitterness,  should  be  signalized  in  a  public 
way;  especially,  that  thereby  was  made  sure 
to  their  Town  the  great  benefits  foreseen  in 
tlie  construction  of  the  proposed  Canals.  Such 
celebration  took  ])lac,e  June  25,  1830,  ten  days 
alter  the  passage  of  the  act  of  Congress  estab- 
lishing the  Northern  boundary  of  Ohio  on  the 
Hai-ris  line.  Tlie  loport  was  first  published  in 
the  Blade,  and  rejn'oduced  in  the  Gazette,  as 
stated,  "  by  request,"  as  that  paper  was  in 
sympathy  with  "the  other  side"  of  the  bound- 
ary question  : 

"  The  day  was  ushered  in  at  sunrise  b}-  the  firing 
of  cannon  and  ringing  of  bells,"  as  we  read.  Ajipru- 
priute  Ijanners  waved  from  hotels  and  puljiie  build- 
ings. At  S  1'.  M.,  the  eitizeiis  (such  as  "  had  a  mind  " 
to  the  occasion),  with  many  distinguished  visitors, 
assembled  at  the  Mansion  House  (Daniel  Segur,  pro- 
prietor), and  marched  to  tlie  .Scliool-Hou.se  ni  wliich 
the  memorahle  Court  was  held  tlie  year  previous, 
where  a  short  address  was  delivered  by  Emery  D. 
Potter,  Esq.,  when  the  procession  returned  to  the 
hotel  for  a  dinner  "  prepared  in  Mr.  .Segur's  best 
style."  The  "cloth  lacing  removed,"  toasts  were 
read  by  different  gentlemen  present,  including  J.  B. 
Macy,  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.;  VVillard  J.  Daniels,  Indiana  ; 
Joel  McOlellan,  of  Lockport,  N.  Y.;  Andrew  Palmer, 
Toledo;  Levi  Beardsley  and  .1.  R.  Beardsley,  Oswego, 
K.  Y.;  Colonel  William  McLaughlin,  Mansfield,  U.; 
E.  D.  Potter,  Toledo  ;  Kev.  »lr.  Bradburn,  Nantucket, 
Mass.;  A.  J.  Underbill,  New  Y'ork  ;  George  R.  Per- 
kins, M.  D.,  Dr.  H.  B.  Stillman,  John  Jay  Newcomb, 
George  H.  Rich,  and  Koswell  W.  Cheney,  Toledo. 

A  guest  gave, 

'■  The  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad — Designed  to 
be  the  great  thoroughfare  of  the  Far  West." 

b.  R.  Beardsley's  sentiment  was, 

"The  Buckeyes  of  Lucas  County — Ready  and  willing 
to  yield  when  wrong,  but  firm  and  united"  in  repelling 
the  encroachments  of  their  Wolverine  neighbors." 

Mr.  Underbill, 

"  Toledo— The  greatoutlet  of  the  States  of  Ohio,  In- 


diana and  Illinois ;  destined  within  a  short  period  to 
be  the  great  City  of  the  West." 

Mr.  Cheney  gave, 

"The  Orator  of  the  Day — May  he  grow  in  n.seful- 
ness  with  the  growtli  of  our  thriving  and  jirosperous 
Village." 

To  wliich  Mr.  Potter  responded  bricfiy,  saying, 
among  other  things, 

"  From  the  time  that  I  arrived  here,  six  months 
ago,  a  stranger,  I  have  never  had  reason  to  regret  the 
adoption  of  this  (ilace  as  my  future  home." 

Colonel  McLaughlin  toasted, 

"  The  Democracy  of  Ohio — Ever  true  to  their  cause, 
they  will  give  united  and  efficient  support  to  the 
'  Favorite  Son  of  New  York  ' "  (  Martin  Van  Buren, 
then  Vice  President,  and  a  candidate  for  President). 


Taken  all  in  all,  the  site  on  which  Toledo 
stands  lias  gone  through  a  series  of  mutations 
in  governmcTit  and  control  which  will  find  few, 
if  any,  equals  in  this  country  or  elsewhere. 
Among  these  may  be  named  the  following  : 

1.  As  early  as  llilO,  the  Frenoh  Government,  by 
virtue  of  the  estaldishment  of  trading-posts  in  this  re- 
gion, laid  claim  to  the  territory. 

2.  In  1()4I  this  elaim  was  strengthened  by  the 
planting  of  the  French  Hag  at  the  Sault  St.  Marie, 
which  was  followed  by  120  j'ears  of  Freneh  domi- 
nation. 

o.  In  170:!,  as  the  result  of  the  French  and  Indian 
War,  (ireat  Britain  dispossessed  France  and  assumed 
jurisdietiou. 

4.  In  1783,  by  the  treaty  of  peace  between  the 
Colonics  and  Great  Britain",  this  territory  was  con- 
ceded to  the  former,  although  in  fact,  it  remained 
under  British  control  until  after  the  victoryof  General 
Wayne  at  Fallen  Timbers  (now  iu  Lucas  County)  in 
1794. 

5.  Connecticut  and  New  Y'ork  each  for  many  years 
made  separate  claim  to  this  locality. 

(i.  In  17S7,  it  was  made  part  of  the  Northwest 
Territory. 

7.  In  179(1,  it  became  part  of  AVayne  County,  of 
said  Territory. 

S.    fn  isoi),  it  passed  to  the  Territory  of  Ohio. 

9.  In  ISOL',  it  became  by  jurisdiction,  part  of  the 
Territory  of  Iiuliana. 

10.  In  1S0.'>,  the  new  Territory  of  Michigan  as- 
sumed jurisdiction  of  this  place,  and  it  w;is  practically 
ill  Wayne  County. 

11.  In  1S17,  Monroe  County,  Michigan,  was  or- 
ganized, and  tills  locality  passed  to  its  control. 

12.  In  1S20,  Wood  County,  Ohio,  was  created  with 
nominal  jurisdiction  here. 

l:i.  In  1S27,  Port  Lawrence  Township,  Monroe 
County,  was  organized,  ineluding  this  locality. 

14.  As  early  as  1831,  parts  of  the  present  terri- 
tory of  Toledo  were  in  tlie  separate  plats  of  Port  Law- 
rence and  Vistula,  and  afterwards  another  portion  in 
Manhattan. 

1").  In  1833,  Port  Lawrence  and  Vistula  were  con- 
solidated in  the  Town  of  Toledo. 

10.  Ill  18;i),  the  County  of  Lucas  was  established 
by  the  Legislature  of  Ohio,  to  include  Toledo. 

17.  During  the  last  named  year,  and  until  Janu- 
ary, 1837,  when  the  Ohio  title  was  made  final  by  the 
adnii.ssion  of  ^liehigan  into  the  Union,  the  question 
of  jurisdietiou  remaineil  in  dis|uite. 

18.  In  1S37,  the  incorporated  Town  of  Toledo  be- 
came the  City  of  Toledo. 

19.  In  1874,  the  limits  of  the  City  of  Toledo  were 
materially  extended,  to  include  Manhattan  and  mueh 
other  adjoining  territory. 


OHIO  AND  MICHIGAN  BOUNDARY. 


311 


Thus  we  find  that  this  locality  has  been  sub- 
ject to  no  less  than  10  different  jurisdictions. 

The  lapse  of  50  yeai's  of  time,  with  the  sub- 
sidence of  jmrlisan  feeling  and  local    interest 
which  so  largely  grew  out  of  and  affected  the 
minds   and  actions    of    participants    on    both 
sides  of  the    unfortunate    boundary    question, 
now  permits  more   deliberate  consideration  of 
and  more  just  judgment  on  its  merits.     As  al- 
ready shown,  tlie  residents  of  Toledo  were  not 
wholly  agreed  in  their  feelings  and  action  on 
the  issue.     "  Ohio  men  "  and  "  Miciiigan  men  " 
then  stood  arrayed  in  sentiment,  more  than  in 
action.     To  what  extent   either  of  those  divi- 
sions were  affected  by  ulterior  considerations, 
cannot   now  be  known.     That  such,  more  or 
less,  operated  to  control  individuals,    is    only 
natural.     If  either  of  the  contending    parties 
presented  to  the  people  of  Toledo  the  stronger 
inducements  for  their  su])port  of  its   claims,  it 
certainly  was  Ohio.     It  would  not  be  possible, 
under  present  conditions,  to  appreciate  all  that 
was  involved  in  that  dispute,  as  viewed  from 
the  stand-point  of  the  adventurous  settlers  of 
Toledo  at  that  time.     In  the  strong  and  bitter 
contest  they  were  called  to  make  with  neighbor- 
ing rival  Towns,  involving  the  very  life  of  their 
own,  the  matter  of  the  Canals,  with  all  that  it 
involved  to  the  successful  candidate  for  the  out- 
let of  those  important  improvements,  couM  not 
have    failed    to     be    most    potential    in    con- 
nection with  the  boundary  matter.     The  ques- 
tion itself  was  then  so  far  involved  in  doubt  as 
to  facts  and  argument,  that  it  is  not   strange 
that  candid  men  should  fail  to  agree  as  to  its 
merits.     The   case,    as   already  shown,    rested 
upon  a  single  point,  to  wit :  Which  should  pre- 
vail— the  Ordinance  of  Congress  of  1787,  and 
the  act  of  the  same  body  in  1805,    both  estab- 
lishing the  line'  of  boundary   as   claimed    bj- 
Michigan  ;  or  the  provision  in  the  Ohio  State 
Constitution  as  accepted  ?     Hence,  the  pivotal 
point :  Did  Ohio  in  becoming  a  State  with  .such 
claim  to  boundary,  secure    rights,    which    not 
only  overrode  rights  previous!}'  fixed  b}'  Con- 
gi'ess,  but  which  could  not  be  affected  by  subse- 
quent action  by  that  body  ?     Clearly,  it  is  not 
within  the  power  of  a  Convention  rejire.senting 
the  people  of  a  Territorj-,    or   of  that   people 
them.selves,  to  determine  a  question  of  boun- 
dary which  affects  the  rights  of  others.  Hence, 
the  question  again  arises,  Does  the  bare  act  of 
Congress  admitting  a  State  into  the  Union,  ap- 
prove and  irrevocably  conform  to  it  all  that  is 
claimed  as  to  the  question  of  boundary  in  the 
Constitution  under  whicli  the  State    is  admit- 
ted ?     Ohio's  case  in  the  boundary  dispute,  had 
no  other  basis  than  the  affirmative  of  this  ques- 
tion.    Had  Michigan  been  a  State,  with  a  fixed 
boundary,  instead  of  a  Territory,  when  Ohio 
was  admitted,  there  would  have  been  no  doubt 
as  to  the  matter,  since  in  such  case  she  would 
have   had    the   status   of   fully    vested  rights. 
But  the  fact,  as  already  stated,  was  that  Mich- 


igan in  the  nature  of  the  case,  could  not  be  a 

party  in  the  tlispute,  for  the  rea.son  that  her's 
was  a  condition  of  tutelage,  being  the  creature 
of  Congress,  without  rights  of  any  sort,  except 
as  that  bodj'  saw  fit  to  confer  them. 

The  case  as  presented  by  the  Senate  Judi- 
ciary Committee  (already  cited)  seems  to  be  the 
clearest  and  most  satisfactory  showing  yet 
made.  The  simple  (iict  that  Congress,  both  in 
the  ordinance  of  1787  and  in  the  act  creating 
the  Territory  of  Michigan  in  1805,  acted  u])on 
an  entire  niisa|iiJrehension  as  to  the  real  loca- 
tion of  the  Southern  cxtremeof  Lake  Michigan, 
which  was  made  its  base  in  fixing  the  boundaiy 
line,  is  the  chief  point  in  the  case.  The  Ohio 
Convention,  becoming  apprehensive  of  such 
mistake  by  Congress,  and  desirous  of  protect- 
ing the  State  from  the  seriousinjury  threatened 
ihrough  the  same,  most  ])roperly  recognized 
the  geographical  doubt,  and  guarded  against 
its  damaging  effect.  It  fully  accepted  the  ba.se 
employed  by  Congress  for  fixing  the  boundary 
line;  ])rovided,  such  base  prove  to  be  what 
Congi-ess  assumed  it  to  be  throughout  its  leg- 
islation in  the  matter.  It  is  difficult  to  con- 
ceive of  a  ])roposition  more  simple  and  just. 
To  question  its  liiirness,  is  to  question  the  good 
faith  of  Congress,  and  attribute  to  that  body  a 
willingness,  if  not  the  purpose,  to  take  advan- 
tage of  its  own  error,  to  the  wrong  of  a  party 
trusting  to  its  sense  of  justice.  The  contingent 
provision  in  the  Ohio  Constitution  was  only 
saying  that  the  State  sought  to  have  its  North- 
ern boundary  fixed  as  both  Congress  and  the 
State  Convention  intended  to  make  it;  and 
Congress,  in  accepting  that  provision  and  ad- 
mitting the  State  into  the  Union  with  the 
boundary  thus  fixed,  in  the  most  direct  and 
ettective  mode  possible  as.sented  to  such  ar- 
rangement. Such  contingent  contracts  are 
constantly  occurring  between  parties,  and  no 
Court  hesitates  to  enforce  terms  thus  mutually' 
agreed  to.  Then  why  should  not  a  like  agree- 
ment between  the  United  States  and  a  State 
be  equally  binding? 

The  views  thus  given  on  this  question,  while 
they  have  now  no  ])ractical  bearing,  soem  to  be 
proper,  as  duo  to  all  parties  concerned.  The 
time  has  come,  when  the  people  on  both  sides 
of  the  line  should  be  able  to  speak  freely  and 
frankly  of  differences  in  the  past,  and  in  the 
spirit  of  amity  and  mutual  confidence,  address 
themselves  to  the  many  important  matters 
which  they  liave  and  are  to  have  in  common. 
Who  was  right  or  who  was  wrong  half  a  century^ 
ago,  is  now  comparatively  of  small  concern  ; 
but  how  the  affairs  of  the  future  may  be  made 
promotive  of  the  highest  possible  welfare  of 
all,  is  a  matter  of  grave  concern.  It  is  just 
cause  for  common  gratulation,  that  asperities 
arising  from  past  antagonism,  are  gradually 
jielding  to  more  considerate  relations,  with 
very  little  now  left,  outside  the  record,  to  indi- 
cate that  differences  ever  existed. 


312 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


A  disposition  to  treat  with  levity  the  mili- 
tiuy  o])eriitioiis  coiinocted  with  the  so-called 
"  'rdledo  War,"  wa.Hsliowii  in  various  wa_ys  and 
on  many  oi-rasions,  on  hoth  sides  of  the  lino, 
during  and  subsequent  to  their  occurrence. 
Thus.'wiien  a  bill  to  origan ize  and  discipline 
the  militia  of  the  State  was  before  the  Ohio 
Legislature,  in  February,  1837,  Representative 
(^uinby,  oC  i'ortage  County,  moved  to  amend 
the  enacting  clause,  by  adiling  the  following: 

lIVuTcits,  Our  warrioi-s,  ill  iliiys  of  yore. 

Went  fortli  from  peact-fiil  scenes, 
To  try  the  tii;;  of  furious  War, 

Amiil  Itie  Wolverines; 
And  Wherms.  uiost  villainous  traps  and  snares 

Were  then  prepared  to  eateh  them— 
Black  Swamp  to  wallow  unawares. 

And  briars  and  thorns  to  scratch  them  : 
And  II'/iCTCds,  most  wondrous  feats  of  arms 

And  legs,  were  then  performed, 
Whilst  raging  Owls  rang  forth  alarms, 

And  the  bramhly-batlle  stormed; 
Therefore,  that  we  may  emulate 

Those  deeds  of  chivalry, 
Aud  equal  glories  perpetrate, 

Lti  it  enacted  he." 

In  March,  1S35,  a  poet  of  the  period,  whose 
nom  tie  plitme  was  "  Bard  of  tiie  Woods,"  gave 
freedom  to  his  muse,  in  view  of  the  threatening 
state  of  things  between  Ohio  and  Michigan. 
Samples  of  this  production  are  here  given,  as 
follows : 


Most  dire  presages  haunt  my  luain  ; 
Heart  rending  pangs  I  can't  restrain. 
In  the  dark  glens  of  solitude. 
Where  nature  wears  her  aspect  rude— 
Where  starving  wolv  s  are  heard  to  howl, 
Or  more  plaintive  cries  the  Screei-h  Owi  ; 
Or  March's  angry  breaths  that  sweep 
Hail,  rain  and  snow  full  two  feet  deep. 
I  strive  in  vain  to  sooihe  my  mind  ; 
lyet  what  will  happen,  be  resigned ; 
But  still,  the  thought  my  heart  controls, 
Noir  iti  the  time  to  try  men's  mnla. 

*  :^  ♦  il!  *  * 

Oivea  check  to  Governor  L\icas, 
Who  seems,  imleed,  a. second  Brutus  ; 
And  in  despite  4)f  ci\'il  law. 
Dares  in  peace  the  sword  to  draw, 
The  sheath,  indignant,  throw  away. 
And  hasten  to  the  mad  alTray. 
Celestial  Dame,  suj^press  your  sorrow  ; 
Let  US  not  our  troubles  borrow. 
This  son  of  Mars— this  man  of  thvinder — 
On  the  Maumee  may  soon  knock  under. 
1  frankly  own  I  am  some  frighted. 
While  others  seem  so  much  delighted. 
To  see  his  vassal  band  prej'aring 
For  tltc  enterprise  so  daring. 

*  *  *  =^  :>  * 

Young  Toledo  !    Risk  to  Famk  ! 

Mart  of  the  Western  World  should  claim 

Homage  of  all  the  ports  around— 

Her  wealth  and  power  know  no  bound; 

More  mighty  far  than  ancient  Rome, 

Stand  by  inherent  power  alone. 

liutoh  !  nietbinks  I  see  them  dashing! 

Hear  pistols  pop  !   and  swords  a-chtshing  1 

While  tirst  to  last  many  oppose, 

With  eyes  plucked  out  or  bh)ody  nose; 

Whose  horrid  threatening  or  grimace 

Convince  they'll  die  or  keep  their  place. 

The  tirst  of  .\pril  is  the  day, 

For  Ohio  bravos  to  display. 

According  to  all  ancient  rules, 

No  doubt  they'll  all  be  "  April  Fools." 


Farmer's  History  of  Detroit  has  the  follow- 
ing Michigan  "  War  Song"  of  the  period  : 

old  I.ucas  gave  his  order  all  for  to  hold  a  Court, 
And  Stevens  'riiomus   .Ma.son,  lie  thought  he  d  have  some  sport. 
He  called  upon  the  \Vol\-erincs,  and  asked  them  for  to  go 
To  meet  this  rcliel  l.uc^is,  his  Court  to  overthrow. 

Our  Independent  Companies  were  ordered  for  the  march  ; 
Our  Ollieers  were  ready,  all  stirtened  up  with  starch  ; 
On  nimble  footed  coursers  our  Ottieers  did  ride. 
With  each  a  pair  of  pistols  and  sword  h\ing  by  his  side. 

In  the  same  volume  it  is  stated,  that  "  the 
troops  from  Detroit  came  home  on  the  Steam- 
boat General  Brady,  and  the  day  (September 
10th)  being  the  anniversary  of  Perry's  victory, 
they  celebrated  that,  instead  of  the  one  they 
did  not  win." 


In  this  connection,  Mrs.  L.  H.  Sigourney's 
Lines  on  the  Admission  of  Michigan  into  the 
Union,  giving  "Miss  Columbia's"  welcome  to 
that  young  member  of  the  National  Household, 
will  be  appropriate.  It  was  written  for  the 
Knickerbocker  Magazine  in  lS3(i,  and  was  as 
follows  : 

Conn'  in.  little  Sister,  so  healthful  and  fair. 
Come,  take  in  our  Father's  best  parlor  a  share. 
You've  been  kept  long  enough  at  the  nurse's,  I  (row. 
Where  the  angry  Lakes  roar,  and  the  Northern  winds  blow. 
Come  in— we've'  a  pretty  large  household,  'tis  true. 
But  the  twenty -five  Children  shall  make  room  for  you. 

A  present,  I  see,  for  our  Sire  you  have  i.» rough t. 
To  add  to  his  dessert— how  kind  was  the  thought— 
A  treat  of  ripe  berries,  both  crim.son  and  blue, 
.\nil  wild  (lowers  to  stick  in  his  luitton-hole.  too; 
The  rose  from  your  prairie— the  nuts  from  your  tree — 
What  a  good  little  Sister  '.—come  hither  to  me. 

You've  a  dowry,  beside,  very  cunningly  stored. 

To  fill  a  nice  cupboard,  or  spread  a  broad  board  ; 

Detroit,  and  Chicago,  Ann  Arbor,  and  more— 

l-'or  the  youngest,  me  thinks,  (i\iitea  plentiful  store  ; 

You're  a  prog,  I  perceive— It  is  true  to  the  letter, 

And  your  sharp  \ankee  Sisters  will  like  you  the  better. 

But  where  are  your  Indians,  so  feeble  and  few— 
So  fall'n  from  tne  heights  where  their  forefathers  grew  ? 
I'"rom  the  forests  they  fade— o'er  the  waters  that  liore 
The  names  of  their  baptism,  they  venture  no  more  : 
()h,  soothe  their  sad  hearts,  ere  they  vanish  afar. 
Nor  i|ueneh  the  faint  beam  of  their  Westering  Star! 

Those  Ladies  who  sit  on  the  sofa  so  high, 

Are  the  stateliest  dames  of  our  Family  ; 

Your  thirteen  Old  Sisters— don't  treat  them  with  scorn— 

Thev  were  notable  Spinsters  before  yon  were  born  ; 

Man'v  stories  they  know,  most  iustrnctive  to  hear- 

Oo,  Make  them  lieonrt'sy,  'twill  plea.se  Ihem,  my  dear. 

They  can  teach  you  the  names  of  those  great  men  to  spell, 
Who  stood  at  the  helm,  w  hen  the  war-tempest  fell ; 
They  will  show  you  the  writing  that  gleamed  to  the  sky. 
In  the  year  Seventy-Six,  on  the  Fourth  of  July, 
When  the  Hash  of  the  Bunker-hill  tiame  was  red, 
And  the  blood  gush'd  forth  from  the  fields  of  dead. 

There  arc  some  who  may  call  thera  both  proud  aud  old. 
And  sav  they  usurp  what  they  cannot  hold  ! 
I'erhaps  their  bri.ght  locks  have  a  sprinkle  of  gray- 
But  then,  little  Miehy,  don't  hint  it,  I  pray  ! 
For  they'll  give  you  a  frown,  or  a  box  on  the  ear, 
Or  send  yon  to  stand  in  the  corner,  I  fear. 

They  indeed  bore  the  burden  aud  the  heat  of  the  day, 

lintyou've  as  good  right  to  your  penny  as  they  ; 

Though  the  price  of  our  Freedom  they  better  have  known, 

Since  they  paid  for  it  out  of  their  purses  alone  ; 

Yet  a  portion  is  saved  for  the  youngest,  1  ween, 

So,  hold  up  your  head,  with  the  "  C>ld  Thirteen." 


CHAPTER    IV. 


COUNIY    AFFAIIIS. 


A  LIMITED  extent  of  details  pertaining  to 
the  start  of  tlie  County  of  Lucas,  vvliose 
birtli  was  attended  by  sucli  disturbing,  if  not 
tragic  events,  will  be  of  interest  here. 

The  first  session  of  the  Commissioners  of  the 
Count}'  was  held  at  Toledo,  September  14, 
1835,  at  which  John  Baldwin  and  Kobert  Gower 
were  present,  the  third  member  (Cyrus  Hollo- 
way)  being  absent.  Samuel  iM.  Young  acted 
as  Clerk  of  the  Board.  The  following  appoint- 
ments were  made:  County  Auditor,  Samuel 
M.  Young,  of  Maumee  ;  Treasurer,  Eli  Hub- 
bard, of  Port  Laurence  ;  Recorder,  Frederick 
Wright,  of  Port  Lawrence. 

The  first  business  following  these  appoint- 
ments, consisted  in  the  creation  of  a  new  Town- 
ship, to  be  called  Lucas,  and  to  consist  of  the 
territorj-  lying  North  of  the  "  Fulton  line,"  and 
West  of  the  East  line  of  Eange  four  Piast,  being 
the  territory  then  in  dispute  between  Ohio  and 
Michigan. 

At  the  second  session  of  the  Board,  October 
12, 1835,  "  it  being  deemed  expedient  and  ab.so- 
lutely  necessary  for  the  well-being  and  tlie 
enjoyment  of  the  i-ights  of  citizens  of  this  State, 
that  that  part  of  the  County  of  Lucas  known 
as  '  the  disputed  territory,'  and  l.ying  North 
of  what  is  linown  as  tlie  '  Fulton  line,'  be 
annexed,  for  Township  purposes,  to  the  Town- 
ship of  Waynesfield,"  it  was  resolved,  that  that 
part  of  Lucas  County  Ivnown  as  Port  Lawrence 
Township,  be  annexed  to  the  Township  ot 
Waynesfield,  for  all  civil  purposes,  and  that  the 
electors  of  the  same  have  equal  rights  and 
privileges  at  the  then  ensuing  election  as  did 
otherelectors  of  Waynesfield  Town.shiji;  where- 
upon, it  was  directed,  that  notice  be  given  to 
the  electors  of  Port  Lawrence  thai  the}-  should 
vote  at  Maumee  City,  and  thus  have  "the 
privilege  of  voting,  witiiout  the  interference 
of  the  Michigan  authorities."  The  emergency 
calling  for  such  action,  arose  in  the  apprehen- 
sion that  interference  from  Michigan  would 
prevent  a  peaceful  election  under  the  laws  of 
Ohio  within  the  disputed  territory. 

At  a  session  held  October  13,  "  the  object  for 
which  such  annexation  was  made  having  been 
accomplished,"  Port  Lawrence  was  restored  to 
its  former  status.  The  emergency  demanding 
the  former  action  had  been  removed  by  the 
agreement  on  the  part  of  the  Michigan  authori- 
ties, peaeeabl}-  to  abide  the  action  of  Congress 
upon  the  boundary  question.  This  latter  action 
by  the  Commissioners  took  place  on  the  day  of 
the  State  election  ;  consequently,  Toledo  and 


Port  Lawrence  Township  was  for  one  election 
within  the  ])olllng  precinct  of  Maumee  011}"^. 

December  7,  1835,  the  Board  of  Commis- 
sioners met,  when  Samuel  Barrett,  elected  in 
October,  as  the  successor  of  Cyrus  llolloway, 
took  his  .seat.  Four  County  road.s  were  estab- 
lished ;  the  former  action,  creating  the  Town- 
shi])  of  Lucas,  was  rescinded,  the 'I'ownsliip  not 
having  been  organized  ;  several  more  County 
roads  established.  The  Viewers  appointed  for 
such  roads  included  William  Jones,  Elisha 
Trowbridge,  Robert  Howard,  Hiram  Clark, 
Abram  Shepler,  James  Thrasher,  Elijah  Clark, 
Samuel  Searing,  William  P.  Homer,  Alvin 
Evans,  Aniasa  Bisho|),  Baxter  Bowman,  Fred. 
A.  Rew,  Matthias  S.  Van  Fleet,  Daniel  P. 
Ketcham,  David  Clute,  John  Emery,  Philo  B. 
Scott,  Chandler  L.  Wing,  Aaron  H.  Doolittle, 
Jonathan  H.  Jerome,  John  Van  Fleet,  John 
Pray,  James  Atchison,  and  John  Taylor.  J. 
Irvine  Browne,  of  Toledo,  having  resigned  the 
office  of  County  Assessor,  Johnson  H.  Hobart, 
of  Maumee  City,  was  appointed  for  the  vacancy. 

June  6,  183G,  Y^ork  Township  (now  in  Fulton 
County)  was  established,  the  first  election  to 
be  held  at  the  house  of  David  Doolittle,  June 
30tli.  The  Townshipof  Providence  was  created 
at  the  same  time,  the  first  election  to  be  held 
June  30th  at  the  house  of  Peter  Manor.  June 
20,  1836,  the  Township  of  Springfield  was 
created,  the  first  election  to  be  held  October 
8th,  at  the  house  of  William  Ford.  Two  ap- 
jiropriations  for  road  improvements  were 
made — one  of  S20  between  Toledo  and  Tre- 
mainesville;  and  one  of  §500,  between  To- 
ledo and  the  head  of  the  Rapids.  An  allow- 
ance of  S47. U6  was  made  to  County  Amlitor 
Young  in  full  for  his  services  from  September 
14,  1835,  to  June  20,  183(j.  Tax  levies  were 
made  as  follows:  For  County  purposes,  five 
mills  on  the  dollar;  for  Road  purposes,  three 
mills;  for  School  purposes,  one  and  one-half 
mills;  and  for  Township  ]iur])0ses  in  Port 
Lawrence,  one-half  mill.  December  5th,  Wil- 
liam P.  Daniels  became  a  member  of  the  Board, 
vice  John  Baldwin,  elected  Associate  Judge. 
Count}-  Roads  14,  15,  1()  and  17  were  then 
established,  with  Wiley  Hamilton,  Daniel 
Strayer,  William  Allman,  Thomas  (ileason, 
James  Wolcott  and  Oscar  VVhite  as  Viewers. 
An  appropriation  of  §100  was  made  for  the 
road  from  Upper  Toledo  to  the  State  line,  to 
be  expended  by  Santord  h.  C'oUins. 

At  the  March  meeting,  1837,  petitions  were 
presented  for  five  new  Townships,  which  wore 


21 


[313] 


314 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LDCAS  COUNTY. 


not  acted  on.  A  survey  was  ordered  for  a 
road  to  extend  from  the  Northern  termination 
of  Monroe  street,  Toledo,  to  the  intersection  of 
the  Indiana  Road  with  the  Turnpike  leading 
from  Mainneo  to  Monroe,  with  Coleman  I. 
Keeler,  Jr.,  Mareuo  Fox  and  John  T.  Baldwin 
as  Superintendents. 

In  1837,  the  Board  resolved  to  accept  this 
County's  portion  of  the  Surplus  Eevenue  of 
the  United  States,  under  the  act  of  Congress 
passed  March  28,  1837. 

June  4,  1837,  Eoads  Nos.  23,  24,  25,  26,  27, 
28,  29,  30,  31,  32  and  34,  with  Eli  Hubbard, 
Marmaduke  Bunting,  Jacob  Hallett,  George 
Black,  Jonathan  Hampton,  David  Hubbard, 
John  Wilsey,  Thomas  Wood,  John  Harters, 
Thomas  Berry,  William  Stair,  Noah  A.  Whit- 
ney, Thomas  A.  Whitney,  William  Meeker, 
Nathaniel  Leggett,  Benjamin  G.  Lewis,  as 
Viewers. 

January,  1838,  Wm.  P.  Daniels  and  Eli  Hub- 
bard were  appointed  a  Committee  to  purchase 
a  "  County  Poor  Farm." 

February  6,  1838,  $50  was  appropriated 
toward  the  erection  of  a  Bridge  over  Swan 
Creek  at  its  mouth  in  Toledo. 

March  5,  1838.  The  Townships  of  Gorham 
and  Clinton  (now  in  Fulton  County)  were  es- 
tablished. A  new  Road  was  established,  from 
Toledo  along  the  North  bank  of  the  Maumee 
Eiver  to  the  West  line  of  the  County.  Galen 
B.  Abel,  County  Assessor,  having  resigned, 
Cyrus  Fisher  was  appointed  to  the  vacancy, 
with  Wm.  Prigyzer  of  Tremainesville,  Fred.  E. 
Kirtland  of  Waynesfield  and  Galen  B.  Abel  of 
Waterville,  as  Deputies. 

April  9,  1838.  The  new  Jail  was  accepted, 
and  $25  appropriated  for  furnishing  bedding 
for  it.  The  North  half  of  Section  1(5,  Townshij) 
No.  3  (now  Adams),  was  accepted  for  Infirmary 
purposes,  and  $1,000  voted  for  its  improve- 
ment. 

June  16,  1838.  John  U.  Pease,  James  Wil- 
kinson and  Roswell  Cheney  were  appointed  as 
Directors  of  the  County  Infirmary. 

August  3,  1838.-  It  was  re.solved  to  erect  a 
Court-House  on  the  Court-House  Square,  in 
Oliver's  Division  of  Toledo,  as  designated  by 
the  Commissioners  in  locating  the  County-seat 
at  Toledo,  said  building  to  be  of  the  size  and 
arrangements  of  the  Ashtabula  County  Court- 
House.  For  such  building  the  "  proprietors  of 
the  City  of  Toledo"  had  Iwund  themselves  to 
contribute  the  sum  of  $20,000.  Wm.  P.  Daniels, 
of  the  Board,  was  appointed  Superintendent  of 
the  work. 

November  2,  1838.  S.  L.  Collins,  County 
Treasurer,  having  resigned,  Daniel  McBain  of 
Toledo,  was  appointed  for  the  vacancy. 

March  4,  1839.  German  Township  (now  in 
Fulton  county)  was  created. 

June  5,  1839.  Sections  33,  34,  27,  23,  24  and 
half  of  13  were  taken  from  Waynesfield  and  at- 
tached  to   Springfield    Township.      Benjamin 


Mallett,  Jr.,  was  allowed  $53.00  for  painting  ; 
and  A.  G.  Hibbard  &  Co.  $8.76  for  black- 
smithing. 

December  2,  1839.  The  Township  of  Rich- 
field was  established,  the  first  election  to  be 
held  at  the  house  of  Willard  S.  Fuller. 

December  30,  1839.  Adolphus  Kracmer,  of 
Hartford,  Sandusky  (now  Ottawa)  County; 
Piatt  Card,  of  Toledo;  and  Isaac  Knap]i,ofLower 
Sandusky  (now  Fremont),  were  apj)ointed  to 
establish  a  State  Road  fi-om  the  Maumee  River 
opposite  Manhattan  to  Lower  Sandusky,  via 
Hartford  (now  Oak  Harbor).  The  pro])Osition 
of  Richard  Mott,  to  lease  a  building  for  use  as 
a  Court-House,  was  accepted. 

January  4,  1840.  Horace  Waite,  John  Fitch 
and  J.  W.  Scott  were  appinted  Fund  Com- 
missioners, in  charge  of  the  surplus  revenue 
belonging  to  Lucas  County. 

March' 2,  1840.  Road  No.  47,  in  Sylvania, 
was  established,  with  Andrew  Printup,  David 
Harroun  and  Hiram  Parker  as  Viewers,  and 
Wm.  White  as  Surveyor.  Road  No.  46,  with 
Benj.  Joy,  Townsend  Ellis  and  Lyman  Morse 
as  Viewers,  and  D.  L.  Westeott  as  Surveyor ; 
Road  48,  with  Daniel  Strayer,  Harvey  Kellogg 
and  Samuel  Divine  as  Viewers,  and  Wm.  Mar- 
tin as  Surveyor. 

June  1, 1840.  The  Townships  of  Wa.shington 
and  Manhattan  were  created  ;  an  election  to  be 
held  June  24th,  at  the  house  of  Sylvester  Cor- 
nell, in  Manhattan  Village;  and  June  27th,  at 
the  house  of  Benj.  Mallett  in  Washington. 

June  17, 1840.  The  i)roposals  of  John  E.  Hunt, 
Horace  Waite  and  Thos.  Clark,  2d,  for  erecting 
Countv  buildings  at  Maumee,  were  accepted. 

December  8,"  1840.  Luther  Dodge,  R.  A. 
Howard  and  Lyman  Parcherwere  ajipointed 
Viewers,  and  Chester  Briggs  Survcj-or,  for  a 
new  Road  ;  as  were  Benj.  Jo),  Hiram  Parker 
and  John  Harroun  Viewers  for  another  Road. 

March  1,  1841.  The  new  Townships  of  Ful- 
ton, Pike  and  Franklin  (now  in  Fulton  county), 
were  created. 

December  6, 1841.  Richard  Mott  was  allowed 
$400,  for  County  orders  destroyed  by  the 
burning  of  his  warehouse  in  Toledo,  November 
29,  1840.  The  Toledo  Register  was  allowed 
$522.40,  for  publishing  the  delinquent  land-list 
for  1841. 

June  6,  1843.  A  bill  was  presented  by  J.  H. 
Jerome,  for  1,000  rails,  at  $2.00  per  100.  Action 
was  taken  for  the  adjustment  of  a  question  of 
boundary  between  Lucas  and  Williams  Coun- 
ties. 

In  1843  a  law  was  in  force  in  Ohio,  under 
which  County  Commissioners  were  empowered 
to  levy  special  taxes  ujjon  Lawyers  and  Phy- 
sicians, "according  to  their  annual  incomes." 
The  Board  of  Commissioners  of  Lucas  County 
levied  such  taxes  for  the  j'ear  1843,  as  follows  : 

Lawyers.  Toledo— Caleb  F.  Abbott,  S3.00  ;  Edson 
Allen,  $2.00  ;  John  Fitch,  $4.00;  C.  W.  Hill,  $2.00; 
L.  S.  Lownsbury,  $2.00  ;  Hiram  Clark,  $1.00;  Daniel 


QOUNTY  AFFAIRS. 


315 


O.  Morton,  ifo.OO;  Geo.  B.  Way,  «;3.00;  Myiou  H.  Til- 
den,  S4.(H).  Manniee  Citv— S".  M.  Youiig,  S4.00  ;  M. 
E.  V\  aite.  $4.(10;  D.  F.  Cook,  S2.00 ;  JmuesM.  Coffin- 
burv,  $1.00;  Tlios.  Dunlaji,  Jr.,  SI .00;  Natluin  Kiith- 
bun,  $1.((0;  Henry  Uoed,  Jr.,  Sl.OO;  H.  C.  Stowell, 
$1.00;  Jessup  W.  Scott,  !fl .00.  Manhattan— Franklin 
Johnson,  $2.00. 

Physicians.  Toledo— Manly  Bostwick,  Gustaviis 
Wilde,  Jolm  Mosher,  Geo.  It.  Perkins,  Jacob  Clark 
and  Calvin  Smith,  $2.00  each.  Maumee  City — Alex. 
Anderson,  $2.00;  Justus  Dwijjht,  $1.00;  C.  Matthews, 
$2.00;  C.  S.  Kamsev,  fl.OO;  Wm.  St.  Clair.  $2.00; 
John  11.  Van  Avery,  $2.00;  Oscar  White,  $2.00.  Syl- 
vania — Horace  Green,  $2.00.  Manhattan — James  L. 
Chase  and  Luther  Parker,  $1.00  each.  Watcrville — 
Welcome  Prav,  $2.00.  Gorbam — John  Kendall, 
11.00.  York— Allen  V\  bite,  |1.00.  Swan  Creek— 
T.  B.  Colton,  $2.00. 

June  6,  1844,  like  taxes  were  again  assessed  ; 
but  it  is  noticeable,  tliat  the  plan  of  levying 
the  same  "  according  to  annual  income  "  (rang- 
ing from  $1.(10  to  $4.00  per  year),  was  then 
changed  to  a  uniform  tax  of  25  cents — a  fact 
not  .sijecially  assuring  of  increasing  incomes. 
The  parties  then  taxed  wore  as  follows  : 

Lawyers.  Toledo — Edson  Allen,  Caleb  F.  Abbott, 
Wm.  Baker,  C.  M.  Dorr,  Henry  Bennett,  John  Fitch, 

C.  W.  Hill,  L.  S.  Lownsbury,  D.  O.   Morton, 

Van  Ness,  James  M.  Whitney,  Geo.  B.  Way.  Mau- 
mee— S.  M.  Young,  M.  R.  Waite,  H.  F.  Waite,  Henry 
S.  Commager,  H.  C.  Stowell,  Wm.  McK.  Scott,  J,  M. 
Coffinbury,  Henry  Reed,  Jr.,  Thos.  Dunlap  and  Na- 
than Rathbun.     Manhattan — Franklin  Johnson. 

Physicians.  Toledo — Manly  Bo.stwick,  Jacob  Clark, 
Calvin  Smith,  Geo.  R.  Perkins,  Robert  H.  Tinipany, 
Taylor,  John  Mosher.  Maumee— Alex.  An- 
derson, Justice  Dwight,  Chauncy  Matthews,  Wm. 
St.  Clair,  Oscar  AVhite.  Providence— S.  B.  Wood- 
worth.  York — Allen  White.  Sylvania — Amos  Mi- 
nor, Horace  Green.  Royalton — Joshua  Young. 
Richfield — Mather  M.  Mason.  Manhattan — James  L. 
Cha.se,  S.  D.  Jones. 

September  4,  1843.  A.  Ritch  was  allowed 
$9.60  for  1,200  feet  of  oak  plank,  for  bridge  over 
Swan  Creek. 

December,  1843.  A  road  was  established,  to 
run  from  tiie  Temperance  House  in  Wliite- 
ford  Township,  South  past  the  house  of  Elder 
Showers,  and  to  the  -.Maumee  Road  that  passed 
Benjamin  Joy's  dwelling-house;  Fred.  Ijeon- 
ard.son,  Isaac  Lewis  and  Eli  Hubbard  being 
appointed  Viewers,  and  William  White,  Sur- 
veyor lor  the  same.  J.  Ream  c^-  Co.,  wore 
allowed  paj-rnent  lor  publishing  407  "  squares  '' 
of  forfeited  land-list,  and  for  520  "  squares  "  of 
delinquent  hmd-list,  at  50  cents  per  "  square." 

July  2, 1844.  The  bond  of  John  E.  Hunt  and 
others  for  $10,000,  securing  the  erection  of 
County  buildings  at  Maumee,  was  cancelled, 
in  eonsiileration  of  the  fulfillment  of  such 
agreement.  Road  No.  128,  Viewers,  James 
Thrasher,  James  Trowbridge  and  M.  II.  Butler  ; 
Road  No.  120,  Viewers,  George  Miller,  Elijah 
Royceand  Daniel  Murphy;  Road  131,  Viewers, 
John  Freehart,  William  Martin  andNehemiah 
Allen  ;  Road  No.  131  >4 ,  Viewers,  Edwin  Fuller, 
Abraham  Sheplar,  and  William  Allman,  were 
severally    authorized.     Road    No.    133,    since 


known  as  tlie  "  River  Road,"  between  Toledo 
and  Maumee,  was  authorized,  with  George  B. 
Knaggs,  S.  B.  (^\)mslock  and  Junius  Flagg  as 
Viewers. 

The  first  expenditure  by  the  ('onnty  for  ice, 
was  for  the  supply  of  the  Su])r(uno  Court,  for 
use  in  drinking,  in  the  Summer  of  1844,  tlie 
amount  ])aid  therefor  being  SI. 00. 

June  11,  1844.  Horace  Waite  was  paid 
$65.00  for  services  as  Commissioner;  Lyman 
Parcher,  $40.00,  and  G.  B.  Abell,  $38.00  for 
same.  Haskell  I).  Warren,  Townsend .  Ellis 
and  Andrew  Printup  were  appointed  Viewers 
for  a  new  Road  in  Sylvania;  Daniel  Rob- 
bins,  Jr.,  Michael  Shields  and  H.  D.  Turk, 
in  Providence;  E.  D.  Potter,  Lyman  Parcher, 
S.  L.  Collins,  for  Road  in  Oregon  ;  and  Benjamin 
Joj',  Alvah  Evans  and  Henry  Mercereau,  for 
Road  in  Sylvania. 

January  12,  1845.  Proposals  for  building  a 
Jail  at  Maumee  were  examined,  to  wit :  Isaac 
Hull,  $4,500  ;  J.  Miller,  $5,291  ;  Elijah  Clark, 
$3,775  ;  C.  Matthews,  $3,414;  J.  Hale  and  George 
W.  Reynolds,  $3,200  ;  Peter  H.  Shaw,  $960  ;  S. 
Johnson,  $350;  Francis  Manor  and  Samuel  Wag- 
ner, $865.  The  offer  of  Isaac  Hull  was  accepted. 
At  the  same  session,  a  Road  (No.  124)  was 
established,  to  run  from  Springfield  to  Swan- 
ton,  with  Thomas  Dobbins,  Jacob  Gnaggy  and 
Solomon  Salisburj^  as  Viewers,  and  Hiram 
Davis,  as  Surveyor.  A  new  Road  (No.  126) 
was  authorized  from  Bean  Creek,  in  Water- 
vdle,  to  the  Henry  County  line,  of  which  P.  B. 
Scott,  Phidias  Nearing  and  David  Robbins, 
were  Viewers,  and  William  Martin,  Surveyor. 

March  17,  1846.  The  County  was  divided 
into  four  Districts  for  ajipraisal  of  taxable 
property,  and  Assessors  appointed  for  the  same, 
as  follows :  District  No.  1 — S.  B.  Comstock  ; 
No.  2— F.  E.  Kirtland  ;  No.  3— J.  Graham 
Klinck  ;  No.  4 — Elisha  Williams ;  at  the  rate  of 
$1.50  per  day  for  time  thus  "necessarily  em- 
ployed." As  Viewers  for  a  proposed  Road  in 
Watcrville,  Welcome  Pray,  Lorenzo  L.  More- 
house and  Alfred  Eldred  were  a])pointed  ;  for 
like  purpose  in  Richfield,  Oristen  Holloway, 
Isaac  Washburn  and  D.  L.  Westcott. 

March  4,  1847.  J.  Austin  Scott  was  ap- 
])ointed  Commissioner  of  the  Maumee  and  Syl- 
vania Free  Turnpike,  yi'ee  Francis  Hollenbeck, 
whose  term  had  exjiired. 

June  7,  1847.  George  D.  Treat,  Gabriel 
Crane,  John  Consaul  and  D.  L.  Westcott  were 
appointed  Viewers  for  proposed  Roads  in  Ore- 
gon Township  ;  and  Benjamin  Atkinson,  Jacob 
Fanchcr  and Shields  for  Road  in  Provi- 
dence ;  William  W.  Wilson,  ilarcus  Bennett 
and  William  M.  White,  for  Road  in  Richfield  ; 
Jacob  Fancher,  Orson  Ballon  and  John  G. 
Isham,  for  Road  in  Providence. 

March  9,  1853.  The  new  Township  olMon- 
clova  was  created.  It  was  ordered  that  the 
])rices  to  be  paid  by  the  County  for  the  use  of 
vehicles  for  conveyance,  be  as  follows;     For 


31G 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


single  open  buggy,  with  horse,  $1.50  per  day; 
for  covered  do.,  $2.00 ;  for  two-horse  do., 
82.80.  Dr.  William  St.  Clair  proposed  to  attend 
npon  the  inniato.s  of  the  Jail,  and  furnish 
medicines  for  S125  per  year,  which  offer  was 
accepted. 

December,  1854,  the  County  Commissioners 
authorized  Edgar  F.  Potter  to  "  take  charge  of 
the  Jail  at  Maumee  City,  for  the  purpose  of  re- 
ceiving female  prisoners,  criminals,  insane 
persons,  and  perhaps  some  County  paupers." 
Dr.  H.  Graham,  of  Toledo,  was  appointed  Jail 
Physician,  and  as  such  to  "  visit,  attend  to,  pre- 
scribe for  and  furnish  all  necessary  medicines 
for  all  prisoner.s  in  the  County  Jail  in  Toledo, 
at  the  rate  of  S200  per  year,"  until  the  next 
session  of  the  Commissioners. 

At  the  March  session,  1855  (Joel  W.  Kelsey, 
William  F.  Dewey  and  Daniel  P.  Cook,  present), 
the  following  plan  for  the  employment  of  cer- 
tain convicts  within  the  City  of  Toledo,  was 
adopted  by  the  County  Commissioners,  at  the 
i-equest  of  the  authorities  of  said  City,  to  wit : 

1st.  All  able-bodied  male  persons  sentenced  to  im- 
prisonment and  hard  labor  in  the  Jail  of  Lucas 
County,  according  to  the  provisions  of  an  act  of  the 
General  Assembl.v  of  Ohio,  passed  March  12,  IS.i.'i, 
shall  be  emi)lo}-ed"in  the  manner  hereinafter  specified . 

2d.  All  male  persons  thus  committed  to  the  Jail, 
by  the  INIayor  of  Toledo,  for  the  violation  of  any  of 
the  penal  ordinances  of  said  City,  shall  be  employed 
under  the  direction  of  the  Sheriff  of  said  County  or 
his  Deputy:  Provided,  the  City  of  Toledo  shall  bear 
and  pay  all  Jail  and  board  fees  of  prisoners  thus  con- 
victed and  sentenced,  and  shall  be  entitled  to  the 
work  and  labor  of  all  such  convicts. 

3d.  All  male  persons  convicted  and  sentenced  as 
aforesaid  by  the  Probate  Court  of  said  County,  shall 
be  hired  oiit  and  let  to  service  by  the  Sheriff  of  said 
County  ;  and  the  avails  of  all  labor  of  such  convicts 
shall  be  collected  and  received  by  the  said  Sheriff, 
and  be  by  him  paid  into  the  treasury  of  said  County, 
taking  a  proper  receipt  therefor,  which  receipt  lie 
shall  file  with  the  County  Auditor. 

4th.  The  person  having  charge  of  .such  convicts, 
when  performing  work  or  labor  as  aforesaid,  shall 
adopt  such  means,  by  chain  and  ball  or  otherwise, 
for  the  security  and  safe-keeping  of  such  convicts  as 
he  may  deem  necessary  or  proper. 

This  system  was  in  operation  for  several 
years.  While  under  such  plan  labor  was  se- 
cured which  otherwise  would  have  rec[uired 
special  outlay,  it,  nevertheless,  was  found,  that 
the  moral  effect,  upon  both  the  convicts  and  the 
community,  was  not  desirable.  The  tendency 
of  such  public  degradation,  was  to  destroy  what 
self-respect  remained  with  the  prisoner,  and  by 
thus  lowering  him  in  his  own  estimation,  de- 
priving him  of  all  ambition  and  hope  for 
reform.  It  was  seen,  that  the  very  quality  of 
surviving  manhood  which  alone  coukl  make 
such  service  repugnant  and  induce  an  after 
desire  to  shun  it,  was  being  crushed  out  by 
hopeless  shame,  leaving  the  man  lower  and 
more  than  before  abandoned  to  a  vicious  life. 
Subsequently,  as  a  .substitute  for  the  Chain- 
Gang,  the  City  Work-House  (or  the  "Stone- 


Yard,"  as  at  first  called),  was  established,  to 
which  convicts  in  cases  of  petty  offenses  were 
sentenced  and  employed  at  labor.  This  insti- 
tution still  exists  with  general  favor. 

December  1,  185(1,  that  jiortion  of  Oregon 
Township  within  the  City  of  Toledo  (consist- 
ing of  East  Toledo),  was  annexed  to  the  Town- 
ship ot  Port  Lawrence,  and  that  portion  of  Port 
Lawrence  not  within  Toledo  was  set  off  to  the 
Township  of  Springfield.  December  .3,  1856, 
this  last  named  territorj',  with  other,  was  or- 
ganized as  the  Township  of  Carey,  since  named 
Adams. 

March,  1857,  the  names  of  Drs.  W.  W.  Jones 
and  J.  G.  Nolen  having  been  presented  for  ap- 
pointment as  Jail  Physicians,  the  former  was 
selected  at  a  salary  of  .?200,  for  attendance  and 
medicine. 

At  the  March  session,  1858,  Sheriff  Springer 
presented  to  the  Commissioners  an  inventory 
of  counterfeit  Bank  bills  and  bogus  coin,  taken 
from  prisoners  during  his  service  as  Sheriff  and 
Marshal  of  Toledo.  The  bills,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  one  sample  of  each  lot,  were  burned  : 
and  the  bogus  coin  melted,  when  it  was  found 
that  the  latter  contained  pi-oportions  of  pure 
metal  too  small  to  be  of  any  value.  The  list, 
as  indicating  some  of  the  condition  of  the  cur- 
rency at  that  time,  will  be  of  interest  here.  It 
is  as  follows : 

Pieces.  Total. 

Half  Dollars 2.3  $  IL.'iO 

Five-Francs .3  2.S2 

Quarter  Dollars 4  1.00 

Dimes 9  .90 

Gold  Dollars 389  389.00 

Quarter  Eagles 513  1,282..50 

Bank  bills — 

Farmers'  Bank  of  Kentuckv ^3  26  .f  78.00 

State  Bank  of  Indiana 3  33  99.00 

Farmers'  Bank  of  Kentuckv 3  .5  1.5.00 

State  Bank  of  Indiana 1 3  22  66.00 

Bank  of  Corning,  N.  Y 10  o  .50.00 

Bank  of  Empire  State,  N.  Y 2  6  12.00 

Exchange  Bank  of  Lockport ■">  89  445.00 

City  Bank  of  New  Haven,  Conn___     5  1  5.00 

Oneida  Valley  Bank,  X.  Y 3  4  12.00 

Danbury  Bank  of  Conn 1  6  6.00 

State  Stock  Bank,  Jamestown,  Ind.,     1  1  1.00 

Bank  of  Corning,  N.  Y 10  1  10.00 

§2,486.72 

March,  1858,  Dr.  J.  G.  Nolen  offered  to  act 
as  Jail  Physician  for  8150  per  year  (medicine 
included),  and  was  appointed. 

June,  1858,  the  old  County  buildings  at  Mau- 
mee were  directed  to  be  .sold  at  public  auction. 
Sub8equentl3-  they  were  sold  to  the  City  6f 
Maumee,  the  Jail  bringing  8250,  and  the  Court- 
House  8360 — in  each  "case  the  land  being  in- 
cluded. 

The  Gas  lulls  of  the  County  for  September, 
October  and  Kovember,  1858,  were  as  follows  : 
Court-House,  855.65;  and  for  Jail,  828.70. 

In  March,  1859,  the  Commissioners  visited 
the  County  Jail  and  found  it  "  in  tolerable  good 


COUNTY  AFFAIRS. 


317 


condition."  Cyrus  D.  Hanljs  having  resigned 
118  County  Auditor,  Clias.  E.  Dennett  was  ap- 
l)ointed  to  the  vacancy,  receiving  two  votes,  to 
one  for  Cyrus  H.  Coy. 

At  the  "September  session,  1859,'  the  polic3'  of 
ditching  lands  under  the  laws  of  the  State  was 
introduced,  in  the  ujiproval  of  the  plan  and 
survey  of  "Ditch  or  Water  Course  No.  1."  It 
was  located  in  Washington  and  Port  Lawrence 
Townships,  "  commencing  at  tlie  Creek  which 
runs  through  the  E.  \  S.  E.  \  Sec.  23  ;  thence 
Southerly  across  the  same  on  the  line  between 
Sees.  25  and  26,  so  far  as  the  same  was  neces- 
sary." The  survey  and  plan  were  made  by  W. 
II.  Harris,  County  Surveyor.  Ditch  No.  2  was 
ajiproved.  It  ran  from  the  Air  Line  Eailroad, 
where  the  same  crosses  the  center  line  of  Sec- 
tion 7,  Town  3,  U.  S.  E.  South,  along  such  line 
to  Swan  Creek.  Ditch  No.  3  was  in  Waynes- 
field  Township. 

At  the  same  session  allowances  were  made 
for  assessing  real  property,  as  follows  :  Mau- 
mee  City — Samuel  M.  Young,  898.00  ;  Oregon 
Township  -Peter  B.  Porter,"'S86.00  ;  Toledo— 
Declan  Allen,  8392.55;  Wm.  Carew,  $280. 00  ; 
Michael  Callaichan,  82(50.00;  Patrick  Gavin, 
8252.00;  Patrick  Iloran,  S(J4.00  ;  Jo.seph  De- 
laney,  854.00.     Total  for  Toledo,  81,102.55. 

At  the  December  sesision,  1859,  the  Commis- 
sioners visited  the  Jail,  which  they  found  "  in 
as  good  condition  as  the  unsound  physical  qual- 
ities of  the  building  and  moral  state  of  the  in- 
mates would  permit." 

At  the  March  session,  1860,  the  Commission- 
ers accepted  the  proposition  of  the  Maumee 
City  Plank  Eoad  Company  to  relinquish  and 
transfer  to  the  County  its  Plank  Eoad,  extend- 
ing from  Maumee  City  to  Swanton.  The  Pres- 
ident of  the  Company  was  Wm.  P.  Homer,  and 
its  Secretary  Edward  ^litchell.  A  former 
order  of  the  Board,  authorizing  the  C(^unty 
Auditor  to  hire  persons  "  to  bring  in  wood  and 
pay  for  the  same  out  of  the  County  funds,"  was 
revoked.  The  proposition  of  the  Toledo  and 
Woodville  Plank  Eoad  Compan}'  to  turn  over 
its  Eoad  to  the  Count}',  was  accepted. 

At  June  session,  1860,  Ditch  No.  5,  in  Mon- 
clova ;  No.  9,  in  Oregon;  and  No.  10,  in  Syl- 
vauia,  were  authorized. 

At  the  December  session,  1860,  a  petition  was 
jiresented  fr<jn^  a  majority  of  the  voters  in  the 
Township  of  Care}',  setting  forth  that  tiie  name 
ol'tlie  .same  had  been  "  conlerre^l  without  con- 
sulting the  wishes  of  the  peo])le,  and  that  it 
was  repugnant  to  their  feelings  and  wishes; 
and  that  the  same  was  and  had  been  very  un- 
satisfactory ;  and  the}'  therefore  asked  to  have 
it  revoked."  The  Commissioners  being  satis- 
fied with  the  reasons  assigned,  made  an  order 
accordingly,  giving  the  Tow  nship  the  name  of 
Adams,  which  it  yet  bears. 

At  the  March  session,  1861,  the  salary  of  the 
Probate  Judge  was  fixed  at  8400  per  year. 
George  W.  Eeynolds  was   awarded  a  contract 


for  building  a  bridge  over  the  Canal  at  Man- 
hattan, at  8120.  The  first  definite  jn-ovisiou 
for  the  incurably  insane  in  the  County  was 
made  at  this  session.  For  the  reason  that  it 
was  "  inhuman  and  brutal,  to  continue  to  keep 
such  where  they  were  "(in  the  County  Jail), 
it  was  decided  "  to  erect  a  suitable  building  at 
the  Infirmary  Farm,"  the  same  to  be  30x40  feet 
in  size,  and  12  feet  high.  The  contract  was 
subsequently  awarded  to  J.  FarrcU  and  George 
Wilson,  at  81,058. 

At  the  June  session,  1861,  the  Board,  having 
"  levied  a  tax  for  the  support  of  the  fiimilies  of 
those  that  voUuiteered  to  fight  for  the  main- 
tenance of  the  Constitution  and  (Jovernment," 
directed  that  the  sum  of  82,000  be  transferred 
to  the  Volunteer  Eelief  Fund,  the  same  to  be 
.  paid  to  needy  families  of  Soldiers  under  direc- 
tion of  the  Board.  The  result  of  a  vote  in  the 
County  on  the  question  of  erecting  a  new  Jail 
had  been  a  majority  of  1,099  in  the  affirma- 
tive ;  but  in  consideration  of  the  War  then  in 
jjrogress,  steps  in  that  connection  were  deferred. 

In  October,  S.  A.  Eaymond  was  authorized 
to  go  to  Columbus,  to  procure  the  requisite 
permits  and  information  for  a  member  of  the 
Board  to  visit  the  different  Eegiments  having 
Volunteers  from  Lucas  County,  for  the  purpose 
of  securing  assignments  of  portions  of  their 
wages,  for  the  benefit  of  their  families. 

At  the  June  session,  1863,  bids  for  the  build- 
ing of  a  new  Jail  and  Dwelling-house,  wore 
considered,  and  the  contract  was  awarded  to 
William  C.  Hoffman,  at  831,500,  and  C.  C. 
Miller  was  ai^pointed  Superintending  Archi- 
tect, with  compensaiion  at  the  rate  of  4  per 
cent,  on  the  expenditure  for  the  work.  Subse- 
quently the  contractor  concluded  not  to  ])ro- 
ceed  with  the  work,  when  proposals  were  again 
invited,  the  lowest  bid  being  that  of  David  J. 
Silver,  at  858,000;  whereupon,  it  was  resolved 
not  then  to  proceed  with  the  work.  On  appli- 
cation therefor  by  residents  of  the  North  half 
of  Section  25,  Town  2,  U.  S.  E.,  that  territory 
was  set  off  from  Wayne.sfield,  and  attached  to 
Adams  Township.  At  this  time  there  had 
been  constructed  335  County  Eoads,  and  44 
Ditches,  under  direction  of  the  Commissioners. 

At  December  session,  1863,  application  was 
made  to  the  Board  by  M.  E.  Waitc  and  others, 
a  Committee  of  citizens  of  the  County,  for  the 
])assage  of  a  resolution  agreeing  to  levy  a  lax 
and  reimburse  to  individuals  monejs  that 
should  by  them  be  contriliuted  to  i)ay  bounties 
to  Volunteers  enlisting  under  the  President's 
call  for  troops,  the  bounty  not  to  exceed  850  in 
each  case.  Such  action  was  declined,  for  lack 
of  authority  by  the  Board  ;  but  it  was  resolved 
to  do  so  when  so  authorized  b}-  the  Legisla- 
ture. 

At  March  session,  1864,  several  Townships 
having  deposited  in  the  Counlj-  Treasury  sums 
of  money  lor  payment  of  Volunteers  in  the 
Army,  the  Commissioners  authorized  the  Trcas- 


318 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


urer  to  pay  out  not  exceeding  $3,000,  in  amounts 
of  not  more  than  $100  eacli,  to  such  Volunteers. 

In  .hine,  1804,  the  Board  authorized  the  pay- 
ment of  claims  of  citizens  of  the  several  Town- 
ships for  money  advanced  as  bounty  to  Volun- 
teers, as  follows  :  In  Providence  Township,  63 
different  claims;  in  Adams,  46;  Oregon,  46; 
Manhattan,  02  ;  Swanton,  30  ;  Waterville,  121 ; 
Sylvauia,  110;  Monclova,  28.  Toledo— 1st 
Ward,  1110;  2d  Ward,  291  ;  3d  Ward,  220;  4th 
Ward,  105;  .5th  Ward,  141;  6th  Ward,  60. 
These  claims,  in  amounts,  ranged  from  1.5.00  to 
$280,  the  average  being  about  $20. 

At  the  August  session,  1865,  new  bids  for  the 
construction  of  a  Jail  and  Dwelling  house  were 
considered,  and  the  contract  as.signed  to  Luther 
Whitnej^,  for  the  sum  of  $40,098,  he  furnishing 
everything  but  the  block-stone.  This  job 
being  completed,  was  accepted  by  the  Commis- 
sioners at  their  April  session,  1867. 

At  the  September  session,  1865,  on  applica- 
tion, permission  was  granted  the  Manhattan 
Iron  Company  to  lay  a  Railroad  track  for  the 
transportation  of  fuel  for  the  works  of  the 
Company,  located  on  the  Maumee  River,  oppo- 
site Manhattan.  The  line  extended  for  a  por- 
tion of  the  distance  along  that  of  the  old  Ohio 
Railroad,  and  to  the  Easterly  line  of  Section 
35,  Town  9  South. 

At  the  June  session,  1866,  the  Commissioners 
decided  to  issue  to  each  re-enlisted  Veteran 
Volunteer,  who  received  no  local  bounty,  a 
bond  for  $100. 


18,  in  surveyed  Town  No.  1,  in  said  12-mile  Reserve, 
and  by  the  South  line  of  Wing  Township  ;  and  on  the 
AVest  by  surveyed  line  between  Townships  -t  and  6. 


SYLV.VNIA. 


On  the  South  by  the  North  line  of  said  12-mile 
Reserve ;  on  the  East  on  the  line  between  survey 
Towns  ()  and  7  ;  on  the  North  by  the  Harris  line  ;  on 
the  West  by  the  line  between  surveyed  Townships  .5 
and  0  East. 


On  the  South  by  East  ami  West  line  between  Sec- 
tions lit  and  30  in  Towns  7  North  and  !l  and  II)  East; 
on  the  East  liy  the  West  line  of  12-raile  Reserve  and 
lino  between  surveyed  Towns  .")  and  6  ;  and  Nortli  liy 
the  Fulton  line  ;  on  the  West  l)y  the  lines  between 
Ranges  5  and  li  East ;  and  North  of  Fulton  line  be- 
ween  Ranges  8  and  9  South  of  Fulton  line. 

SWAN   CREEK.* 

On  the  South  by  the  South  line  of  the  County  ;  on 
the  East  by  the  line  between  Ranges  S  and  0 ;  on  the 
North  by  the  Fulton  line  ;  and  West  by  a  line  be- 
tween Ranges  7  and  8. 

SPRINGFIELD. 

On  the  South  by  the  North  line  of  Waynesfiold ; 
on  the  East  by  the  East  line  of  Town  2  in  12-niile 
Reserve  ;  on  the  North  by  the  North  line  of  12-mile 
Reserve ;  on  the  West  by  the  AVest  line  of  12-mile 
Reserve. 

PROVIDENCE. 

On  the  South  by  the  Southern  line  of  the  County  ; 
on  the  East  by  "the  line  of  Section  20  in  Towns  6 
North  and  1)  East ;  on  the  North  by  the  North  line 
of  said  surveyed  Town  No.  9 ;  on  the  West  by  the 
West  line  of  the  Countv. 


BOUNDARIES   OP   TOWNSHIPS. 

The  following  wei-e  the  boundaries  of  the 
several  Townships  of  Lucas  County  in  1837, 
those  marked  with  a  star  (*)  having  since  be- 
come portions  of  Fulton  County  : 

PORT   LAWRENCE. 

On  the  South  by  the  Fulton  line ;  on  the  East  by  the 
Maumee  River  and  Bay  ;  on  the  North  by  the  Harris 
line  ;  on  the  West  by  the  line  between  the  surveyed 
Towns  Nos.  6  and  7  East ;  thence  W'est  on  the  North 
line  of  the  United  States  12-miles  Reserve  to  the  line 
between  Towns  2  and  3  in  said  1 2-miles  Reservation  ; 
thence  South  to  the  Fulton  line. 

WAYNESFIELD. 

On  the  South  and  East  by  the  North  line  of  Sec- 
tions 18,  17  and  16,  in  Town  1,12-mile  Reserve; 
thence  South  on  the  East  line  of  Section  16  to  the 
Maumee  River;  thence  down  the  Maumee  River  on 
the  South  line  of  said  County  to  the  Fulton  line,  from 
the  Maumee  River  to  the  West  of  the  East  line  of 
Section  14  in  Town  2,  12-mile  Reserve,  and  South 
line  of  Sections  22,  28,  32  and  31,  in  said  Town  2,  12- 
mile  Reserve  ;  on  the  AVest  by  the  West  line  of  said 
12-mile  Reserve  and  the  East  "line  of  Sections  32,  28, 
22  and  14  in  Town  2  of  said  12-mile  Reserve. 

WATERVILLE. 

On  the  South  by  the  North  line  of  Providence 
Township  and  Maumee  River;  on  the  East  by  the  East 
line  of  Section  16,  Town  1,  United  States  12-mile  ; 
on  the  North  by  the  North  line  of  Sections  16,  17  and 


On  the  South  by  the  South  line  of  the  County  ;  on 
the  East  by  the  line  between  Ranges  7  and  8  East ; 
on  the  North  by  the  Fulton  line  ;  on  the  Wast  by  the 
West  line  of  the  County. 

EOVALTON.* 

On  the  South  by  the  Fulton  line  ;  on  the  East  by 
the  line  between  Ranges  3  and  4  East ;  on  the  North 
by  the  Harris  line ;  on  the  West  by  line  Ranges  2 
and  3  East. 

CHESTERFIELD.* 

On  the  South  by  the  Fulton  line  ;  on  the  East  by 
the  line  lietween  Ranges  2  and  2  East;  on  the  North 
by  the  Harris  line;  and  on  the  West  by  the  West 
line  of  the  Countv. 


On  the  South  by  the  Fulton  line ;  and  on  the  East, 
North  and  AVest  by  Lake  Erie,  the  Maumee  Bay  and 
the  Maumee  River. 


This  Township  was  organized  by  the  County  Com- 
missioners at  their  ISIarch  session,  1838,  with  the  fol- 
lowing boundaries :  On  the  Ea.st  by  Section  31  in 
Town  8  North,  between  Ranges  11  and  7  East,  and 
Sections  18,  19,  30  and  31  ;  South  by  the  South  line 
of  the  County ;  and  AVest  by  the  West  line  of  the 
County  ;  and  North  by  the  Fulton  line. 

GERMAN.* 

This  Township  was  organized  at  the  March  session 
of  the  County  Commissioners,  1839,  and  bounded  as 
follows :     On  the  East  by  Section   31,  in  hactional 


COUNTY  AFFAIRS. 


3li) 


Township  No.  8  North,  hetween  Ranges  5  and  6  East, 
and  Sections  0,  7,  18,  19,  30  and  SI ;  and  South  by  the 
South  line  of  the  County;  West  by  tlie  West  line  of 
the  County ;  and  North  by  the  Fulton  Hue. 

GORHAM.* 

Incorporated  December,  1830,  with  the  following 
boundaries:  East  by  Sections  1,  12,  13,  24,  25  and  36 
in  Town  0  South,  between  Ranges  5  and  (>  East ;  also 
on  the  East  by  Sections  (i  and  7  in  12-niile  Reserve  ; 
on  the  South  "by  the  Fulton  line  ;  on  the  West  by  the 
line  of  original  surveyed  Town  between  Ranges  4  and 
5  East ;  and  North  bj'  the  Harris  line. 

WASHINGTON. 

Incorporated  June,  1S40,  and  bounded  on  the  North 
by  the  Harris  line  ;  on  the  East  by  the  line  between 
Ranges  8  and  7  East,  and  Town  9  South  to  the  City 
limits  of  Toledo ;  thence  by  the  City  line  to  the 
Southwest  corner  of  said  limits  ;  thence  South  to  the 
Fulton  line  ;  thence  along  the  Fuhon  line  to  Spring- 
field Township  ;  and  on  the  West  by  Springfield  and 
Sylvania. 

MANH.\TTAN. 

Incorporated  June,  1840,  and  bounded  as  follows: 
On  the  East  by  the  West  line  of  Sections  19  and  30  in 
Town  9  South,  Range  9  East;  South  by  the  South 
line  of  Sections  2."),  20,  27,  28  and  29  in  Town  9  South, 
Range  8  East ;  AVest  by  the  Easterly  line  of  the  City 
limits  of  Toledo  and  the  West  line  of  Sections  (i,  7,  18 
and  19,  in  Town  9  South,  between  Ranges  7  and  8; 
and  North  by  the  Harris  line. 

FULTON.* 

Incorporated  March,  1841,  with  the  following 
boundaries:  On  the  North  by  the  South  line  of 
Sections  31,  32,  33,  34,  35  and  36,  in  Town  [T  South  of 
Range  4  East ;  on  the  East  by  the  West  line  of  Rich- 
field and  Wing  Townships ;  on  the  South  by  the 
North  line  of  Sections  7,  8.  9,  10,  11  and  12,  in  Town- 
ship 2  North  of  Range  8  East ;  and  West  by  the  West 
lines  of  Section  6  in  Town  7  North,  and  Section  31  in 
Town  8  North,  Range  8  East,  and  by  W^est  lines  of 
Sections  6  and  7  in  fractional  Township  10  South, 
Range  4  East. 


Incorporated  by  the  Commissioners,  March,  1841, 
with  the  following  boundaries :  On  the  North  by  the 
South  line  of  Sections  25,  26,  27,  28,  29  and  30  in  Town 
9  South  of  Range  3  East ;  on  the  East  by  the  West 
line  of  Sections  31  in  Town  9  South,  and  ii  and  7  in 
Town  10  South,  Range  4  East,  and  l)y  Section  31  in 
fractional  Township  8  North,  Range  S  East,  and  Sec- 
tion 6  in  Town  7  North,  8  East;  South  by  the  North  line 
of  Sections  7,  8,  9,  10,  11  and  12  in  Town  7  North  of 
Range  7  East ;  and  on  the  West  by  the  West  line  of 
Section  (i  in  Town  7  North,  Range  7  East,  and  Sec- 
tion 31  in  fractional  Township  8  North,  Range  7 
East,  and  West  line  of  Sections  6  and  7  in  fractional 
Township  10  South,  Range  3  East,  and  Section  31  in 
Town  9  South,  Range  3  East. 

FRANKLIN'.* 

Incorporated  March,  1841,  and  bounded  as  follows  : 
On  the  North  by  the  South  line  of  Sections  31,  32,  .33, 
34,  35  and  36,  iii  Town  9  South,  Range  1  East ;  on  the 
East  by  the  West  line  of  6  and  7  in  fractional  Town 
10  South,  Range  2  East,  and  West  line  of  Section  31, 
in  fractional  Town  8  North,  Range  6  East,  and  West 
line  of  Section  2,  Town  7  North,  Range  6  East;  on  the 
South  by  the  North  line  of  Sections  7,  8,  9,  10, 11  and 
12 ;  and  on  the  West  by  the  West  line  of  the  County. 


DOVER.* 

Incorporated  June,  1843,  and  constituted  as  fol- 
lows :  All  of  fractional  Township  10  South  of  Range 
2  East ;  all  of  fractional  Tciwnsbip  S,  Range  6  East, 
and  Sections  1,  2,  3,  4,  5  and  ti  from  Township  7  North, 
Range  6  East. 

SPENCER. 

Incorporated  March,  184.5,  and  consisted  of  Sec- 
tions 31,  32.  33,  34,  35  and  36,  in  Town  9,  Range  5 
Eiist ;  Sections  1,  2,  3,  4,  -5,  6,  7,  8,  9,  10,  1 1  and  12,  in 
Town  10  South,  Iviinge  5  East ;  and  Sections  31,  32, 
33,  34  and  35  Town  8  North,  Range  9  East. 

PROCEEDINGS    OF    COURT    OF    COiMMON    PLEAS. 

As  elsewhere  stated,  the  action  of  the  first 
session  of  the  Court  of  Common  i'leus  in  and 
for  Lucas  County,  hold  September  7,  18;i5,  un- 
der very  peculiar  circumstances,  consisted  of 
the  appointment  of  Dr.  Horatio  Coiiant  as 
Clerk  of  the  Court,  and  of  John  Baldwin,  ilob- 
ert  Gower  and  Cyrus  HoUoway  as  County 
Commissioners,  after  which  the  Court  ad- 
journed. 

The  second  term  of  the  .saino  Court  began 
April  27, 1836,  when  David  Higgiiis,  President ; 
and  J.  H.  Jerome,  Baxter  Bowman  and  William 
Wilson,  Associate  Judges,  were  present,  with 
Horatio  Conant  as  Clerk.  The  first  Grand 
Jury  of  the  County  was  there  organized,  con- 
sisting of  Jacob  Gnaggy,  Henry  Dilgart,  Allison 
DeMott,  Samuel  Searing,  Oscar  White,  Alonzo 
Noble,  James  John,  Cornelius  Wiltse,  Silas 
Barns,  Darius  Mills,  James  M.  Whitney,  Calvin 
Comstock,  Coleman  I.  Keeler,  Willard  J.  Dan- 
iels, and  Luke  Draper.  Samuel  Soaring  was 
appointed  Foreman  of  tho  Jury. 

At  this  term  an  Auctioneer's  license  was 
granted  to  Munson  H.  Daniels  of  Toledo,  for 
S5.00  and  fees  ;  Samuel  Soaring  of  Maumee  was 
appointed  Inspector  of  Fish  for  the  Countj^ ; 
William  Siblej-  was  appointed  Guardian  of 
William  and  Julia  Ann  Mills,  of  Washington  ; 
a  license  was  granted  to  Mortimer  H.  Williams 
to  keep  a  Tavern,  for  S15  and  fees;  the  same 
to  Benj.  D.  Coffin,  of  Maumee,  for  $12  and  fees  ; 
the  same  to  James  John  and  John  C.  Allen,  of 
Maumee,  for  §15  and  fees  ;  tho  same  to  John 
Burdo  of  Maumee,  for  |10  and  fees.  License 
was  granted  to  Alva  D.  Wilkison,  to  keep  a 
Ferry  across  the  Maumee  lliver,  opposite  the 
Toledo  House,  in  Toledo.  Jonathan  Wood  was 
licensed  to  keep  a  Ferry  across  the  Maumee 
River,  at  his  residence  in  Maumee,  for  S7  50. 
C.  P.  Johnson  was  licensed  to  keep  a  Ferry 
across  the  same,  at  his  residence  in  Manhattan, 
for  85.00  and  fees.  The  rates  of  ferriage  were 
the  same  in  all  cases.  Cornelius  G.  Shaw,  the 
pioneer  Auctioneer  at  Toledo,  was  licensed,  pay- 
ing therefor  85.00. 

At  this  term  declarations  of  their  intention 
to  become  citizens  of  the  United  States  by  nat- 
uralization, were  filed  by  George  Bevens, 
Thomas  Corlett,  Thomas  Southard,  James 
Southard,  Eichard  Greenwood  and  Alexander 


320 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Bowman,  all  natives  of  Great  Britain,  and  all 
but  Mr.  Greenwood  living  in  what  is  now 
Washini^ton  Township. 

The  first  civil  action  in  aLucas  County  Court, 
was  the  case  of  Richard  Stiles  ea;  dem.  of  David 
Ladd,  vs.  Richard  Roe,  aims  R.  A.  Forsyth  and 
Smith  Daggett. 

The  first  Petit  Jury  consisted  of  John  Pet- 
tinger,  Edward  Corser,  Jarvis  Gilbert,  William 
Martin,  Willard  Gunu,  Ralph  Farnsworth,  Se- 
lah  Divine,  Ilenry  A.  Cooper,  Amos  Stow,  John 
Baldwin,  Hopkins  S.  Mills,  and  Samuel  R.  Jen- 
nings. 

Under  appointment  ly  the  Court,  Andrew 
Coffinbur}-  acted  as  Piosecuiing  Attorney  at 
this  term,  for  which  he  was  allowed  815.  The 
Sheriff  and  Clerk  were  each  allowed  §40  for 
services  in  cases  where  the  State  should  fail. 

The  term  continued  for  two  days  and  tried 
two  criminal  cases  and  one  civil  case. 

The  third  term  of  this  Court  commenced  No- 
vember 5,  1836,  with  Judges  Higgins,  Bow- 
man and  Baldwin,  present.  The  following 
persons  constituted  the  Grand  Jury :  Paris 
Pray,  John  Wiltse,  John  Webb,  Henry  Reed, 
Sen.,  Bisho])  Suydam,  Christian  Swartz,  Wm. 
DeMott,  John  Walters,  Peter  Stray er,  James 
Egnew,  James  Knaggs,  William  Richards,  Ab- 
ner  Moultou,  Richard  Foster  and  L.  S.  Lowns- 
bury;  Paris  Pra}'  acting  as  Foreman. 

In  consideration  of  the  fact,  that  Attorneys 
of  Ohio  were  admitted  to  practice  in  the  Courts 
of  Michigan,  without  formal  admission  to  the 
Bar  of  that  State,  Warner  Wing  and  Robert 
McClelland  of  Monroe,  Mich,  an,  wei-e  granted 
like  privilege  at  this  Court  This  is  under- 
stood to  have  been  the  first  ai;t  of  comity  and 
good  neighborhood  occurrinajjetween  the  par- 
ties to  the  "  Toledo  War,"  aftc'  the  close  of  that 
contest.  At  the  same  time  a  i  for  the  reason 
named  in  the  foregoing  cani  'Joseph  R.  Wil- 
liams, a  member  of  the  Bar  .  Massachusetts, 
was  admitted  to  practice  in  ( *    -.t. 

At  this  term  the  first  cler  ..  Jiiian,  Rev.  Orin 
Mitchell,  of  the  Methodist  Lij'<copal  Church, 
was  authorized  to  solemnize  r.  .orrlages  within 
the  County,  "so  long  as  tief.:>  .ould  continue 
such  regular  Minister  in  said  loiurch." 

John  Fitch  was  appointed  li/y  the  Court  as 
Prosecuting  Attorney,  and  Aivti.'ew  CoflSnbury 
as  Assistant,  for  the  term,  (i/ch  action  had 
been  made  necessary  from  thtfiifact  that  E.  D. 
Potter,  who  was  elected  Prose  iuting  Attorney 
in  October  previous  (being  the  first  election 
after  the  erection  of  the  County),  declined  to 
accept  the  position,  for  the  reason  that  the 
Court  had  fixed  the  pay  at  the  low  rate  of  S5II 
per  year.  Such  action,  in  a  pecuniary  sense, 
was  justified  by  the  fact  that  he  earned  during 
the  year  several  times  $50,  by  defending  parties 
on  trial.  Mr.  Potter  was  the  Democratic  can- 
didate at  the  election,  his  Whig  opponent  being 
Tappan  Wright,  a  brother  ot  the  late  Judge 
John  C.  Wright.     The  Whigs  had  a  majority 


in  the  County,  and  Mr.  Potter  was  elected 
by  running  ahead  of  liis  ticket  in  Water- 
ville  Township,  for  which  he  was  indebted  to 
the  support  of  the  Pray  family,  who  had  known 
him  in  the  State  of  New  York. 

The  first  native  of  Ireland  declaring  in  a 
Lucas  County  Court  his  intention  to  become  a 
citizen  of  the  United  States,  was  Patrick  Donar, 
the  same  having  been  done  at  this  term.  He 
was  the  leader  of  the  long  line  of  his  fellow- 
countrymen,  who  since  have  here  in  the  same 
way  assumed  the  privileges  and  i-esponsibilities 
of  American  citizenship. 

Eli  Hubbard  and  Julia  Wilson  were  ap- 
pointed Administrators  on  the  estate  of  Wm. 
Wilson,  deeea.sed  ;  and  Fredei-ick  A.  Rew,  Ad- 
ministrator on  the  estate  of  Peter  Lombar,  de- 
ceased. 

Tavern  licenses  were  granted  to  Peter  Minor, 
of  Providence  ;  L.  S.  Lown.sbury,  of  Sylvania; 
and  D.  C.  Middleton,  Charles  Patterson,  Heze- 
kiah  Hubbell  and  Wm.  Ford. 

The  v^'ill  of  Wm.  Sibley  of  Port  Lawrence 
Township,  was  probated,  with  Horace  Thachcr 
as  Executor,  and  Rebecca  Sibley  as  Executrix. 

Rev.  John  W.  Alvord,  a  Minister  of  the  Con- 
gregational Church,  was  authorized  to  solem- 
nize marriages. 

The  first  criminal  proceeding  for  illegal  vot- 
ing in  the  County  was  the  case  of  Matthew 
Byrnes,  who  pleaded  guilty  to  the  charge  of 
voting  in  two  Townships  at  the  preceding  elec- 
tion, and  was  fined  $50  and  costs. 

The  first  person  to  whom  naturalization 
pa|)ers  were  issued  in  the  County,  was  John 
Leybourne,  of  Washington  Township,  who  had 
filed  hispi'elimiuary  declaration  with  the  Court 
of  Monroe  County,  in  1831. 

The  third  term  of  this  Court  convened  Aj)ril 
24,  1837,  John  Baldwin  appearing  as  Associate 
Ju<lge,  vice  Wm.  Wilson,  deceased 

The  Grand  Jurors  were  Mason  Dobbins, 
Granville  Jones,  James  Wolcott,  Chester  Wal- 
bridge,  Roswell  Cheney,  Alvin  Evans,  Coleman 
I.  Keeler,  Henry  Phillips,  Hiram  Humphrey, 
Hiram  Steele,  Augustus  Andrews,  Nathan 
Rathbun,  Ralph  Farnsworth,  Orlando  Brown 
and  M.  W.  West;  James  Wolcott,  Foreman..' 

Tavern  licenses  were  then  granted  to  Collins 
Ward,  at  Port  Lawrence  ;  Philijj  I.  Phillips, 
Tremainesville  ;  Joel  Marsh,  Port  Lawrence; 
Sylvester  Cornell,  Manhattan;  John  Burlin, 
Providence;  James  W.  Converse,  Maumee; 
Catharine  Mead  and  Philip  C.  Mosher,  Provi- 
dence ;  John  Allen  &  Co.,  Maumee;  Thomas 
King,  Port  Lawrence  ;  Robert  II.  Blue,  Man- 
hattan ;  Geo.  Hale,  Providence;  Wm.  A.  Mc- 
( 'lelland,  Erick  M.  and  I)aniel  Segur,  and  Be- 
niali  W.  Merrill,  Toledo  ;  and  MUes  Randall, 
Port  Lawrence. 

At  this  term  John  B.  Cory,  "a  native  of 
Great  Britain,  appeared  in  open  Court,  and 
being  dulj'  sworn,  said  it  was  bona  fide  his  in- 
tention to  become  a  citizen  of  the  United  States 


COUNTY  AFFAIRS. 


321 


of  America,  and  forever  to  reiiouiifi'  all  alle- 
i;iance  to  all  foreign  |)o\vers,  princes,  jioten- 
tates  or  sovereigns  whatsoever,  ami  ]iarticu- 
larlj-  to  William  the  Fouitii,  King  of  Great 
Britain."  Like  declaratiim  was  made  b\  Bryan 
O'Farrell,  Michael  Monter,  Uanicl  Blohm,.Iohn 
Bohan,  Wm.  Burns,  Tims.  Barigin,  .lames  El- 
der anti  James  Greenman,  natives  of  Ireland, 
and  John  Brock,  a  native  of  Kngland.  Mr. 
Cory  lived  on  a  farm  in  Sylvania  To\vnshi|i, 
and  died  many  years  since.  He  was  an  uncle 
of  Samuel  Andrews,  now  of  Toledo.  Mr.  Bi-ock 
died  in  ISSo,  on  the  Indiana  Iload,  in  Washing- 
ton Township. 

Feny  licen.ses  were  granted  Jona.  Wood,  at 
Maumee  ;  Harmon  Crane,  at  Toledo. 

San\uel  Searing,  of  Maumee,  was  apiiointed 
Inspector  of  Pork,  Beef,  etc. 

At  this  term,  three  residents  of  the  Cdunty 
were  indicted  for  having  counterfeiting  tools  in 
their  possession. 

Wm.  Mitchell  was  appointed  County  Sur- 
veyor, vice  Samuel  Divine,  resigned. 

Rev.  P.  Cai-abin,  of  the  Catholic  Church,  was 
authorized  to  solemnize  marriages  within  Jjucas 
County,  being  the  first  resident  Priest  of  that 
Church.  He  came  from  Cincinnati,  \>  here  like 
authority  had  been  granted  him  in  1831. 

The  fourth  term  of  Common  Pleas  Court 
convened  July  10,  1837. 

Tavern  licenses  were  then  granted  to  Benj. 
D.  Cotfin,  at  La  Point  Place,  Waterville  Town- 
ship, lie  afterwartls  lived  at  Maumee,  wliere 
he  was  Dejjuty  under  Sheritf  Sliaw,  and  where 
he  died. 

At  this  term  13  diiferent  parties  were  in- 
dicted for  selling  liquors  without  license,  in- 
cluding one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Court.  In 
that  case  (says  the  record),  "  came  the  Prose- 
cuting Attorney  and  said  he  would  not  further 
prosecute  the  suit;  therefore,  it  was  ordered 
that  the  said  defendant  go  acquit  aTid  be  re- 
leased from  his  recognizance."  Several  con- 
victions were  had  under  these  indictments,  in 
which  cases,  upon  pleas  of  guilty,  the  jiai'ties 
were  each  fined  from  85.00  to  $10.00  and  costs, 
tiie  latter  being  about  ?5.00.  The  tine  of  $10.00 
\  as  in  cases  of  second  offenses. 

John  Mack  was  ajipointed  Deputy  Clerk,  on 
request  of  Horatio  Couaut,  Clerk. 

July  27,  1837,  a  special  term  of  the  Court 
convened,  when  James  Myers  acted  as  Clerk. 

The  April  term  for  1838,  began  April  30th, 
when  the  Court  consisted  of  Ozias  Bowen, 
President,  and  J.  H.  Jerome,  James  Wolcott, 
and  John  Berdan,  Associate  Judges.  The 
Grand  Jury  consisted  of  Samuel  DeMott,  Wiley 
Hamilton,  Samuel  Barrett,  A.  W.  Boj-nton, 
Solomon  Johnson,  John  Knaggs,  Coleman  1. 
Keeler,  Joseph  Eoop,  Thomas  Clark,  Josiah 
Baker,  James  ^V.  Converse,  Avery  Lamb,  Geo. 
Knaggs,  Henry  W.  Goettell,  Coleman  I.  Keeler, 
Jr.;  Coleman  I.  Keeler  acting  as  Foreman. 

This  term  was  chiefly  distinguished  for  the 


then  unjirecedented  number  of  collection  suits, 
and  ai)])lications  for  "  benefit  of  the  insolvent 
laws.  '  In  several  instances  debtors  wore  com- 
mitted to  the  custody  of  the  Sheriff  an<l  so 
held,  awaiting  action  by  the  Coui't.  This  clas.s 
incUuled  ])artics  who  subsei|nently  became 
l)oth  jirominent  in  business  and  succcsslul  in 
the  acq\iisilion  of  property.  .\t  that  time 
the  collection  laws  were  tiir  more  stringent 
than  they  now  are,  imprisonment  for  lack  of 
propcrtj- to  ]iay  a  debt  being  a  feature  of  the 
.system. 

Tavern  license  was  granted  to  Nicholas  |)c- 
morest,  at  East  Mart<]igo;  James  Wilson,  at 
Manhattan;  Gabriel  v).  Kinney,  at  .Maumee; 
Peter  Minor,  at  Providence;  \Vm.  Kingsbury, 
at  Maumee  ;  Elijah  Clark,  at  Maumee  ;  and 
Samuel  Fo.x,  at  Manhattan. 

At  this  term  occurred  the  second  case  in  Lu- 
cas (Jounty  of  naturalization.  It  was  that  of 
Wm.  Tavernor.  The  next  case,  at  the  same 
term,  was  that  of  Gcrshom  Crabh.  Both  of 
them  had  made  preliminary  declarations  in 
other  Courts.  Both  were  Englishmen,  Mr. 
Tavernor  being  a  bachelor  and  tlie  uncle  of 
Mr.  Crabb,  who  lived  with  him,  and  still  re- 
sides on  the  farm  originally  taken.  Mr.  Taver- 
nor was  very  fond  of  hunting,  especially  of 
birds,  and   kept  dogs  trained  for  that  purpose. 

Tavern  license  was  granted  to  I'hili])  1.  I'hil- 
lips,  at  Tremainesville;  Samuel  Moore,  Toledo  ; 
George  Weir,  Waterville;  John  J.  Voglcsang, 
Toledo;  and  Smith  Dagirett,  Waterville. 

Ferry  license  was  gi-anteil  to  MaiMuaduke 
Bunting,  at  Mau\iee. 

Eev.  Uriel  Sp  jcer,of  the  Methodist  Church, 
was  authorized  tt)  solemnize  marriages.  Like 
authority  was  ,  anted  to  Kev.  Nathaniel  S. 
Smith,  of  the  PT-Rsbytcrian  Church. 

John  Lord,fr(.iu  the  Isle  of  Man;  Patrick  Mc- 
Carty,  from  Ire'  d  ;  and  Henry  Clark,  from 
the  Isle  of  Wi  declared  their  intentions  to 

become  citize  Philip  Adolph  Ilagcnburgh, 

from   the  Coi  of  Mccklenlnirg,    Germany, 

who  arrived  ii  e  United  States  in  iSiU,  when 
18  years  of  ag  nd  who  renounceil  all  foreign 
allegiance,  am  pecially  to  Frederick  William, 
was  admitted  l  uU  citi/.enshi]),  being  probably 
the  first  Germ;  natui-ali/.ed  in  Lucas  County. 
He,too,wasfbh  ved  by  numbers  of  country  men, 
far  beyond  an-  ling  then  conceived.  Patrick 
Donar,  at  the  '  id  of  the  Irish,  and  Mr.  Hagen- 
burg,  at  that  o.  the  German  nationality  of  cit- 
izens, are  pioneers  of  many  thousands,  the  num- 
bers of  the  two  peoples  in  the  County,  in  1880, 
being— Irish,  3.284;  German,  8,2ti7  ;  making 
11,551,  out  of  i7,354  foreign,  and  a  total  pop- 
ulation of  07,377. 

Peter  Brown,  the  first  native  of  Scotland, 
made  application  lor  naturalization  at  this  term 
(April,  1838).  He  was  followed  by  Alex.  I5ruce 
Brownlee,  also  a  Scotchman,  and  subsequently 
a  prominent  citizen  of  Maumee  and  Toledo, 
having  been  Mayor  of  the  latter  City. 


322 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


John  Tjatisho,  John  Kiemple,  John  Gontine 
andOcranl  Korninc,all  natives  of  Switzerland, 
made  like  iiiiplication. 

Mai'cus  Baldwin  was  appointed  administra 
tor  on  the  estate  of  John  Baldwin,  deceased. 

David  Hijfgins  (Ex-Prosident  Judge),  and 
Andrew  Colfinbury,  were  each  allowed 815,  for 
services  in  defending  criminals  at  this  term. 

The  Court  was  occupied  chiefly  with  collec- 
tion cases,  together  with  a]jplications  by  insol- 
vents for  relief  from  pecuniary  liabilities. 

At  the  October  term,  isas,  William  W.  Wil- 
son was  granted  a  Tavern  license  for  Sylvania, 
the  first  under  Ohio  autliority  in  that  Town- 
ship; the  same  was  granted  to  Thomas  Wing, 
of  Port  Lawrence,  and  to  Beriah  W.  Merrill  of 
the  same  place. 

John  E.  Osborn  and  J.  Baron  Davis,  young 
Attorneys  of  Toledo,  were  appointed  School 
Examiners,  the  first  appointments  of  the  kind 
in  Lucas  County. 

At  the  Marcli  term,  1830,  Emery  D.  Potter 
was  the  President  Judge,  with  John  Berdan, 
J.  H.  Jerome  and  James  Wolcott  as  Associate 
Judges.  The  Grand  Jurors  were  Joseph  Cham- 
bers, Benjamin  Joy,  William  Smith,  Hezekiah 
D.  Mason,  Andrew  Palmer,  Abraham  Wilcox, 
Peter  Strayer,  Jr.,  C.  E.  Brintnall,  Horace 
Green,  Ezra  S.  Dodd,  Luke  Draper,  Lyman 
Wheeler,  Joseph  Prentice  and  Jairus  T.  An- 
drews; H.  D.  Mason  acting  as  Foreman. 

Tavern  license  was  granted  to  Abrara  Lewis, 
at  Sylvania  ;  Stephen  Marsh,  at  Toledo,  and 
Porter  Kelscj'.  at  Sylvania. 

Daniel  Straj-er  was  appointed  Administrator 
on  the  estate  of  Joseph  Gnaggy,  deceased. 

Samuel  Southard,  from  England,  declared 
his  intention  to  become  a  citizen  of  the  United 
States;  as  did  Matthias  Boos  of  Baden,  and 
Heinrich  Leiser  of  Bavaria. 

Thomas  Corlett,  a  native  of  England  and 
resident  in  Toledo,  was  admitted  to  citizenship, 
as  was  Timothy-  O'Connell,  of  Maumee,  a  native 
of  Ireland. 

Daniel  O.  Morton  was  ap])ointed  a  Master 
Commissioner  in  Chancery. 

Thomas  T.  Tattle  uas  licen.sed  to  keep  a 
Ferry  at  Manhattan. 

At  the  June  term,  1839,  Thomas  Wood,  of 
Springfield,  was  granted  a  Tavern  license,  and 
the  same  to  Patrick  McCarty,  Richard  Town- 
send  and  William  Knox,  Toledo. 

Frederick  A.  Rew,  Horatio  <yonant  and 
Samuel  Eddy  were  appointed  School  Exami- 
ners for  Lucas  County. 

Wm.  Hill  Woodvvard,  of  Maumee,  was  li- 
censed as  Auctioneer. 

At  the  October  term,  1839,  Harvey  Kellogg, 
now  of  Adams  Township,  was  appointed  Ad- 
ministrator of  the  estate  of  Joseph  Edward  Kel- 
logg, deceased. 

Oliver  P.  Stevens,  John  R.  Osborn  and  J. 
Baron  Davis  were  appointed  School  Examiners 
for  Lucas  County. 


A  Tavern  license  was  granted  to  Oliver  Pray, 
at  Waterville. 

Jerome  Myers  was  appointed  Deputy  Clerk, 
vice  Daniel  McBain,  resigned. 

At  this  terra  32  indictments  were  returned 
by  the  Grand  Jury,  of  which  25  were  for  sell- 
ing liquor  without  license;  one  for  burglary; 
one  for  grand  larceny;  one  for  kee]iing  ferry 
without  license  ;  one  for  petit  larceny  ;  and  one 
for  robbery.  Several  of  those  indicted  for 
selling  liquors  pleaded  guilty,  and  were  fined 
from  ?5  to  825  each  and  costs. 

At  the  March  term,  1840,  Abram  Lewis,  of 
Svlvania,  was  granted  Tavern  license;  as  was 
Daniel  E.  Elliott,  at  Toledo. 

Valentine  Wall,  of  Toledo  and  from  Ii-elanil, 
declared  his  intention  to  become  a  citizen  of 
the  United  States;  as  did  Robert  Talbot. 

R.  G.  Denman  was  licensed  to  keej)  a  Ferry 
at  Manhattan. 

FINANCE    AND    TAXATION. 

The  first  annual  statement  of  the  finances  of 
Lucas  County,  consisted  of  the  report  of  San- 
ford  L.  Collins,  Treasurer,  made  January  2, 
1837,  and  covering  thej'ear  1836.  It  contained 
the  following  showing  of  receipts,  to  wit : 

EECEIPTS. 
1836. 

Jan.  26.— To  cash  from  Horatio  Conant,  on  fines ?5  00 

Ajir.'JS  —  "  "  John  Van  Fleet,  horse  license.         5  00 

Mav  26.—  "  "  R.  A.  Forsyth,    "           "       ...         ,'i  00 

May  26.—  "  "  John  Marshall,  "            "        ...         4  00 

JniicSO.—  "  "  Willard  Smith 5  00 

Jnly  15. —  "  "  C.  G.  Shaw,  auctione'r's  license        5  00 

July  IS.—  "  "  Henry  County,  amount  due...         4  87i^ 

July  29.—  "  "  John  .\llen  &  Co.  tavern  license  15  00 

July  2U.—  ■■  "  Mortimer  H.  Williams,"  15  00 

July  29. —  "  "  Jona.  Wood,  ferry  license 7  50 

July  20. —  "  "  Jona.  Wood,  auct'neer's  license        5  00 

Sept.  13.—  "  "  S.  B.  June,  caravan  license 20  00 

Dec     6.—  "  "  Wm.  Ford,  tavern  license 5  00 

Dec.    fi. —  "  "  M.  II.  DanicLs,  Sheriff,  jury  fees         6  00 

j^ov.    'J. —  "  "  D.  C.  Middleton.  tavern  license  10  00 

Dec.  26.—  "  "  H.  Hubbell.  tavern  license 5  00 

Dec.  26.—  "  '•  Peter  Minor,    '■           "        8  00 

1837.  Jan.  2.— Amt.  from  taxes  forCounty  purposes,'36.S2,088  19 

$2,210  56 

The  amount  of  State  and  Canal  taxes  paid 
in  Lucas  County,  1836,  was  8940.05  ;  and  that 
for  School  purposes,  8626.45. 

The  total  receiptsfor  1837  were 84,901.35.  This  sum 
included  payments  for  Tavern  licenses  from  Joel 
Marsh,  Daniel  Segur,  Collins  Ward,  S.  Cornell,  E.  B. 
l>odd,  John  Booth,  Philip  I.  Phillips,  Smith  Daggett, 
Hiram  Steele.  J.  W.  Converse,  David  Mills,  Catharine 
Mead,  John  J.  Voglesang,  Jesse  Blue,  George  Hall, 
David  Johnson,  B.  W.  Merrill,  Wm.  W.  Wilson, 
Joseph  Hartweli,  Alk'U  D.  Gibbon.s ;  for  Ferry  li- 
censes, from  Jonathan  Wood  and  Harmon  Crane; 
and  Caravan  license  from  Latham  Hoadley. 

The  collections  for  Road  puiposes,  were  as  follows: 
Port  Lawrence,  SI, .'51 3.7.5 ;  'Wavne.stield,  $656.20; 
Waterville,  $12S.;n  ;  Sylvania,  $52.,S9 ;  Wing,  $2.08; 
Swan  Creek.  $7.71  ;  Springfield,  $15.30  ;  Providence, 
f24.2S;  York,  $17.30.  ■   Total,  $2  269.08. 

The  collections  for  Township  and  Poor  purposes 
in  1837,  were:  For  Port  Lawrence,  $402.78;  for 
VVaynesiield,  $214.99;  Waterville,  $41.1.5;  Sylvania, 
$17.63;  W'ing.  $0.68;  Swan  Creek.  $2..57  ;  Springfield, 
$5.10;  Providence,  $8.09  ;  York,  15.77.  Total,  $699.79. 


COUNTY  AFFAIRS. 


.■!2S 


The  following  persons  paid  for  Tavern  licenses  in 
1842:  Oliver  Pray,  Abnim  Lewis,  Patrick  McCarthy, 
Thomas  Wood,  A.  J.  Majors,  S.  (_i.  Hoacli,  Pobert  A. 
Howard,  Henrv  C.  Jordan,  Win.  D.  Ilcnick,  Aniv 
Adams,  Catharine  RU-ad,  Philip  I.  Phillips,  L.  Rad- 
way,  Wm.  Stair,  P.  C.  Mosicr,  U.  Hastings,  !•;.  Clark, 
E.  15.  Hodd,  Josejih  W.  Converse,  G.  W.  Koote.  Wm. 
Kingsljury.  Antoine  Murk,  Jonathan  Neeley,  Jairus 
Manning,  J.  M.  Warner,  George  Williams,  James 
Carr,  Charles  Grnber,  S.  F.  Howard,   M.  Schonacker. 

The  first  order  tor  the  payment  of  money  by  the 
Connty  Treasurer  was  issued  to  Abraham  Sarbcr  for 
services  on  ■State  Road,  an<l  Ijore  date  of  November  4, 
l.S.'JC).  The  eight  succeeding  orders  wi're  for  like  ser- 
vice, and  to  John  Patrick,  F.  (_!.  Fitch,  (ieorgc  Miller, 
George  Phillips,  Peter  Fox,  Fred'k  Lord,  Wm.  l)e- 
Groft'  and  Richard  Leonard — the  whole  amounting  to 
$27.52.  The  26  orders  following  were  to  as  many 
persons  for  services  on  County  Roads  such  service 
consisting  in  viewing  and  locating  new  Roads — the 
2(i  orders  amounting  to  $;!!!•. 0(1. 

The  next  class  of  i^rders  was  for  expenses  of  the 
first  term  of  the  Lucas  County  Court  of  Common 
Pleas,  held  in  April,  ISoO.  Of  these  251  were  issued  to 
Jurors  (Grand  and  Petit),  to  wit  :  John  Pettinger, 
Edwarcl  Courser,  Jarvis  Gilbert.  Wm.  Martin,  Wil- 
lard  Gunn,  Ralph  Parnsworth,  Selah  Divine,  Henry 
A.  Cooper,  Samuel  Searing,  George  VV.  Hill,  John 
Baldwin,  Hopkins  J.  ]\Iills,  Samuel  R.  Jennings,  Jared 
Van  Fleet,  Jacob  Gnaggy,  Henry  Dilgart,  Flli.son  De- 
Mott,  Alonzo  Nobles,  James  John,  Cornelius  Wiltse, 
Silas  Barnes,  David  Mills,  Oscar  White,  James  M. 
Whitney,  Calvin  Comstock,  Coleman  L  Keeler,  Wil- 
lard  J.  Daniels,  Luke  Draper,  Amos  Stow.  The  pay 
to  these  was  $1.00  per  day,  and  the  average  received 
by  them  was  $2.00.  The  Gi-and  Jury  was  in  session 
but  one  day,  the  Jurors  being  paid  $1.00  each. 

The  only  orders  issued  during  the  first  six  months 
of  the  County's  existence,  were  for  services  in  laying 
out  Roads,  and  amounted  to  $00.00,  The  first  pay- 
ment to  a  County  officer,  was  made  May  21,  ISIUi,  be- 
ing $20  to  Horatio  Conant,  as  Clerk.  That  officer's 
pay  was  then  $20  per  term  of  Court,  The  next  pay- 
ment was  June  28,  ISoli,  to   Robert  Gower,   County 


Commissioner, 


The   bill   of  S.    M.   Young, 


County  Auditor,  from  September  7,  ISlio,  to  July  11, 
183(5,  amounted  to  $47.66.  Junius  Flagg,  Sherift',  for 
the  fractional  year  1.S35,  was  paid  $13.2.5.  Up  to  No- 
vember 1,  18.36  (14  months),  the  Prosecuting  Attor- 
ney (Andrew  Coffinbury)  was  paid  $1.5,  The  first  bill 
for  printing,  was  paid  November  24,  1.836— $10— to 
George  M.  Schipper,  for  printingthelist  of  delinquent 
taxes.  The  first  pauper  was  buried  at  the  expense  of 
the  County,  in  November,  1,836,  for  which  Samuel  L. 
Brown  was  paid  $0.00.  The  first  Coroner's  Impiest 
was  held  May  8,  1836,  which  cost  |12.00f(jr  12  Jurors; 
$1.00  for  two  witnesses;  $1.20  for  summoning  the 
Jury  ;  $2.00  for  taking  the  Jury  to  make  view  of  the 
body  ;  and  $3.83,  Coroner's  fees.  The  aggregate  of 
the  first  year's  expenditures,  was  $830.74,  and  num- 
ber of  orders,  117. 

The  first  Coroner's  Jury  in  the  County,  consisted 
of  Daniel  Hubbell,  Horace  Waite,  Luther  Hutchin- 
son, William  P.  Homer,  Elisha  Mack,  Stephen  L. 
Gilbert,  Jona.  D.  Peckham,  Robert  Gower,  Amos  Ad- 
kins,  and  Fred.  E.  Kirtland. 

Judges  of  elections  were  then  paid  75  cents,  and 
Clerks  50  cents  per  day. 

The  first  payments"  tor  services  of  Associate  Judges 
were  made  Augu.st  5.  1.S37,  consisting  of  $25  each  to 
J.  H.  Jerome,  Baxter  Bowman  and  John  Baldwin. 

August  11,  1837,  J.  Chappell,  Sheriff  of  Wood 
County,  was  paid  $160.40,  for  subsisting  criminals, 
&c.,  from  Lucas  County  to  that  time,  there  having 
been  no  jail  tor  the  keeping  of  criminals  in  Lucas 
County.  At  the  same  time  Peter  Cranker,  Jailor  of 
Wood  County,  was  paid  $35.90. 


The  first  Auditor's  exliibit  of  County  affairs, 
wastliatof  Auditor  Saniuel  M.  Youiijf,  made 
June  !>,  1S87.  It  covere<l  tlu' period  extending 
from  tlie  tiiiiool  liis  lakiiif;  the  otlico,  Sopteni- 
bt^r  14,  1835,  to  June  It,  l.s:i7,  being  nearly  '1\ 
months  of  time.     The  showing  was  as  follows: 

BEIKIPTS. 

County  tax  for  ItBB $a.HVi  70 

Three  Percent.  Fund— lS)5,*-2:iO;  1830,  $778.50 1.0(«  .Vl 

Tavern  and  Kerry  lieeuses 1S2  50 

Kiiu'.sanil  ret'oKuizanees 15  OC 

Stud-hor.se  licenses .'10  CO 

Jurors'  fees *l  (Xi 

Auctioneers'  licenses  an  00 

Caravan  licen.ses 20  00 

Tax  forSwau  Creek  ITp.  paid  by  Plenry  County 4  87 

Total  receipts $;i,.'jl2  57 

EXl'KNUITURES. 

Treasurer's  fees  on  $'i.I',i4.70  Conntv  tax $10.'i  OK 

l,iHK..'in  Three  Percent  Fund 5n  17 

"               107.37  money  eolleeted 15  70 

I'aid  on  County  orders— 

.lonathan  II.  Jerome.  Associate  Judge 'i'>  00 

Baxter  Bowman,  Associate  Jtnlge 2'2  50 

Samuel  Barrett,  County  Commis-sioner Hi  00 

Robert  Gower.  County  Commissioner 57  '25 

John  Baldwin,  County  Commissinner 20  \'l 

William  P.  Daniels,  Coutit\  Cumniissioner 10  00 

.\ndrew  Cotfinbnry.  Proseeuliiii^  Attorney 4C  O'l 

Horatio  Conant,  Clerk  of  Common  Pleas 20  00 

Sheriff,  for  advertising  elections  in  181')  and  1836 '^8  Tl 

Sheriff's  aUo\vauee 40  00 

Grand  and  Petit  Jurors'   fees,  and  witnesses'   fees  in 

State  cases 15105 

Justices'  and  Constables'  fees  in  criminal  cases 41  10 

Coroner's  and  .lurors  on  imiuests 07  03 

Judges  and  Clerks  of  elections 58  00 

C.  Comstock,  attending  ('onrt  as  Constable 6  .50 

Averill  &  Way,  for  i)riuting 7  00 

Schipper,  publishing  dclimiuent  list  (in  BUulc)  18.% 10  IX) 

S  M.  Young,  Comity  Auditor's  fees,  vtc 3fil  63 

Prosecutions  of  Grocers  and  passers  of  counterf't  money  »  42  50 

Otfice  rent,  statiouery,  books,  &c 73  37 

Making  of  records,  &c 35  00 

Expenses  for  a  Court  room *20  37 

John  II,  Hobart,  As.sessor  for  1836 76  04 

—  Stow,  Deputy  .\ssessor IS  :J3 

John  B.  Abcll,  Assessor  tor  l.S:i7 170  ,50 

D.  Newell,  County  s, -at  Locating  Commissioner 45  00 

J.  M.  Gray,  County-Scat  L<H-uting  Commissioner 63  00 

—  McDonald,  *-'onnty-Seat  Locating  Commissioner 48  00 

Recorder's  blank  books 47  50 

H.  Conant,  for  Clerk  Common  Pleas  blank  books 8'2  40 

J.  W.  Comstock,  for  advertising  election,  18.35 11  !tO 

J.  II.  McBride,  printing  bhinks  for  Clerk  of  Court h6  (M) 

County  Treasurer's  receipt - '—  00 

Morse  A  Brother,  books  for  .\uditor's  oitice      40  25 

Murfee  &.  Darlington,  books  for  .\tnlitor's  otlice 2  75 

N.  Jones,  amt  due  Swan  Creek  Treasurer  from  Henry 

County 4  87 

Viewers,  Surveyors.  &c^,  (of  Roads) -. 244  M 

Appropriated  for  Delaware  Creek  Bridge - 3.50  00 

Appropriated  for  Swan  Creek  Bridge,  Wing  Township..  82  00 

Appropriated  for  Road  from  Toledo  to  Providence V-O  00 

Thomas  Wing  on  Road,  Toledo  to  Trcnuiincsville 50  00 

Michael  H   West,  on  Monroe  Turnpike,   in  Port   Law- 
rence Township 50  00 

Total  expenditures 83,008  47 

Balance  in  Treasury,  for  County  and  Road  purposes 504  10 

Treasurer,  for  Township  tax  for  18;j0,  Dr 8168  63 

Treasurer,  percentage.  Cr 87  81,3 

Order  from  Port  Uiwrence  Township _  IKO  88.7—  168  63 

School  Fund. 

Taxfor  1S;J6,  Dr.. Sfi.'i"  15.8 

Treasurer's  per  cent.,  Cr 8.30  451 

.\mount  paid  on  orders 508  "16.1—620  41.5 

Balance  in  Treasury  for  .School  purposes $27  74.3 

Samuel  M.  Yocno. 
July  10,  1837.  Connty  Auditor. 

An  incident  in  Mr.  Y<)uni:;'s  experience  while 
Auditor  oftiie  County,  will  illustrate  sometiiing 
of  the  condition  of  the  roads  and  the  means  of 
travel  at  that  early  date.  In  the  Winter  of 
1836-7,  that  gentleman  found  it  necessary  to 
visit  Toledo    (then   the  County-Seat),  lor  the 


324 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


purpose  of  making  the  annual  settlement  with 
the  County  Treasurer  (Sanford  L.  Collins). 
Tiie  only  liiroet  road  from  Mauniee  City  (Mr. 
Young's  residence)  to  Toledo,  was  a  hridle- 
))atli.  lying  along  the  West  bank  of  the  Maumee 
River,  (in  the  way  Delaware  Creek  had  to  be 
crossed,  and  as  result  of  rains  and  a  thaw,  that 
stream  was  full  to  its  banks,  with  a  strong  cur- 
rent. It  was  too  deep  for  wading,  and  tiie  only 
recourse  left  was  for  Mr.  Young  to  dismount 
and  employ  his  faithful  horse  in  towing  him 
aci'oss.  To  this  eiui,  lie  obtained  a  log  large 
enough  for  a  float.  Driving  his  horse  into  the 
stream  ahead,  he  placed  himself  on  the  log  and 
took  hold  of  the  animal's  tail,  when  he  was 
towed  in  .safety  to  the  other  side.  The  extreme 
chilliness  of  the  water  made  the  trip  anything 
but  agreeable,  but  as  no  injury  was  caused 
thereby,  he  regarded  the  transit  an  entire  suc- 
cess. The  contrast  of  the  situation  at  that  time, 
with  the  River  Road,  and  the  Wabash  and  the 
Toledo,  Cincinnati  c*i:  St.  Louis  Eailways,  which 
now  connect  Toledo  and  the  Maumee  City  of  for- 
mer days,  can  be  duly  appreciated  by  those  who 
were  compelled  to  employ  the  earl^'  facilities. 
From  the  organization  ot  the  State  CTOvern- 
ment  until  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution  of 
1851,  it  was  the  practice  of  the  County  Treas- 
urer to  give  ])ublic  notice  of  the  rates  of  taxes 
annually  levied,  and  of  the  times  and  places, 
within  the  several  Townships,  when  and  where 
he  would  be  present  to  receive  the  same. 
The  latter  regulation  was  a  matter  of  much 
eonvetiienee  to  a  large  portion  of  the  tax- 
payers, who  lived  at  points  distant  from  the 
County-seat,  without  good  roads,  and  hirgely 
without  any.  The  following  notice  of  Treas- 
urer Collins  will  show  the  form  of  these  annual 
announcements : 

TAXKS  KOI!  1837. 
The  propriftors  of  taxable  property  in  Lucits  County,  Ohio, 
are  hereliy  notiKed  that  the  amount  levied  for  tlie  present  year 
on  each  hundred  doUans  valuation,  is 


For  State  and  Canal  purposes 32>^  cents. 

For  County  and  Scliool  purposes 50         '* 

For  Road  purposes 30         '* 

For  Township  purposes _ 10         " 

For  the  purpose  of  recei^■i^g  taxes,  I  will  attend  myself  or 
by  Deputy  in  the  several  Townships,  at  the  usual  places'of  hold- 
ing elections  therein,  on  the  following  days,  to  wit ; 

Sylvnnia,  September  4th  Waynesfield,  September '.Hh. 

Siiriuglield,  .September  5th.         Port  Lawrence.  September  Ilth. 
Wing,  September  6th.  Swan  C'rtvk.  SeiitcinluT  lith. 

Waterville,  September  7th.  York.  Septeniln-r  l:;ih. 

Providence.  September  8th.         Chesterfield.  September  Mth. 

,\t  Phillip's  Corners,  in  Royalton,  September  l.'ith  ;  at  the 
hon.^e  of  S.  I  Keeler,  in  .Vmboy.  September  ICith:  and  at  my  of- 
tiee  in  Toledo,  during  the  months  of  October  and  Xovember.  A 
penalty  of  10  per  cent,  accrues  on  all  taxes  which  remain  due 
and  unpaid  from  and  after  the  first  day  of  December  next. 

S.  L.  Collins,  County  Treasurer. 

Toledo,  August  15,  1837. 

A  spmewhat  remarkable  showing  was  made 
of  the  condition  of  the  Lucas  County  finances, 
covering  the  time  between  June  9,  1SH7,  and 
October  27,  1838.  It  ajipeared,  that  with 
§3,051.12,  as  total  collections  from  taxes  tor 
County  purposes  for  1837,  the  expenses  for 
prosecutions  in  State  cases  alone,  had  reached 
^4,n()7.li7,  dui'ing  the  Itl  months  above  stated, 
being  §1,616.58  more  than  the  entire  collec- 
tions for  County  purposes  in  1837.  Of  the 
amount  expended,  §1,-140.95  was  for  subsisting 
|)risoners;  $1,68."). 70  for  jurors  and  witnesses  ; 
$628.30  for  Justices'  and  Constables'  fees ; 
§227.03  for  County  Treasurer's  fees  for  redeem- 
ing orders.  The  entire  amount  received  for 
fines  and  recognizances,  was  §99.94.  It  seems 
that  no  small  portion  of  these  expenses  were 
incurred  in  the  conviction  and  support  of 
parties  who  committed  petty  crimes  for  the 
))urpose  of  securing  comfortable  Winter  quar- 
ters at  the  public  expense.  Tlius,  one  of  the 
County  boarders  was  confined  lor  the  fourth 
time,  his  offense  consisting  of  stealing  ati  old 
razor-strop,  worth  not  more  than  six  cents ; 
whereas,  the  cost  of  boarding  him  «  as  between 
§200  and  §300.  That  was  a  period  of  extreme 
financial  depression  throughout  the  country, 
and  especially  at  the  West. 

The  following  is  a  recapitulation  of  taxable  valuations  for  Lucas  County,  in  the  year  1837: 


Tuwtvships. 


Port  Lawrence 

Waynesfield 

Waterville 

Sylvania 

Wing* 

Swan  Creek* 

Springfield 

Providence 

York* 

Clinton* 

Gorham* 

Chesterfield* 

Eoyalton* 

Amboy* 

Oregon 


3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 
10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 


Totals. 


Lands. 


17,070 

10,917 

4,431 

2,722 


2,070 
1,099 


150 
3'436 


41,807 


Value. 


145,303 

78,378 

31,875 

10,195 

400 

6,G7B 

4,200 

BOO 


320 
30"i70 


308,111 


Tmtm  Lots 
Valiw. 


315,659 
165,4.56 

19,098 
45,948 


5,07 


7,282 


528,517 


Horses. 


Caltk. 


No. 


261 

240 

93 

50 

5 

18 

52 

35 

28 

38 

6 

9 

21 

11 

26 


891 


Valm. 


10,440 

9,600 

3.720 

2,000 

280 

720 

2,080 

1,400 

1,120 

1,520 

160 

360 

840 

440 

1,040 


35,640 


No. 

Valite. 

405 

268 

3,720 
2,144 

218 

1,744 

242 

38 

1,936 
304 

125 

1,000 

"22 

1,408 
176 

155 

1,240 

155 
73 

1,240 

584 

89 

712 

184 
110 

1,472 
881 

80 

640 

2,400 

19,200 

Pleasure 
Carriage 


960 

120 

510 

50 


30 


50 


2,810 


SfercbarUs 
Capital 

and 
Money. 


18,125 

36,104 

2,400 

2,550 

300 

"200 

1,320 

300 


100 

75 
1,000 


62,474 


Total 
I'aluation. 


$484,307 

282,892 

59,347 

32,687 

1,204 

1,720 

10,364 

12,195 

3,260 

2,760 

744 

1,172 

2,(>32 

1,395 

13,083 

$956,852 


*Siiice  set  off  to  Fulton  County. 


COUNTY  AFFAIRS. 


325 


As  shown  in  the  foregoing  table,  the  average 
valuation  of  lands  was  ST.SIJ  per  acre;  the 
valuation  of  horses,  S40  ;  and  that  of  cattle  88. 
Pleasure  carriages,  then  by  no  moans  common, 
anil  possessed  chiefly  by  those  having  for  them 
other  use  than  that  of  "  ])leasure,"  ranged  from 
S!!()  upward.  Of  these  there  wore  then  but  25 
in  what  now  constitutes  the  Counties  of  Lucas 
and  Fulton — nine  in  Port  Lawrence,  eight  in 
Wa>  iiestield,  five  in  Waterville,  one  in  Syl- 
vania,  one  in  Providence,  and  one  in  Oregon  ; 
the  average  value  of  the  same  having  been 
S112  Of  the  persons  charged  with  taxes  on 
personal  property  in  181-57,  not  to  be  found  by 
the  Treasurer,  tliere  were  40  in  Port  Law- 
rence, 16  in  Wajniesfield,  five  in  Wing,  tliree 
in  Providence,  and  20  in  York — a  total  of  lOO. 
This  fact  indicates  something  of  the  unsettled 
condition  of  the  popuhition  in  that  early  and 
formative  period.  And  yet,  the  aizgregate  de- 
linquencies in  payments  at  the  close  of  that 
year,  amounted  to  only  SSCJS.lti,  in  a  total 
<luplicato  of  817,485.28,  or  less  than  5  per  cent, 
delinquent.  The  total  taxable  valuation  of  the 
Townships  now  constituting  Ijucas  County, 
was  §894,825. 

Lucas  County  in  account  with  the  Townships  of  the 
same.  Anjounts  of  taxes  collected  for  the  Town- 
ships in  IH'dl : 


Toiviii'li  ips. 


Port  Lawrence 

Waynesfield 

Waterville 

S.vlvania 

Wins; 

Swan  Creek 

Springfield --. 

Providence 

York 


Road 

Ta.e. 

n.ms 

7.') 

6.iG 

20 

128  91  1 

-52 

SD 

2  06  1 

( 

71 

15 

30 

24 

■is 

17 

30 

Township 

Tax. 

$102  78 

214  Hi) 

41  15 

17  04 

es 

2  m 

7  05 

8  09 

5  77 

Scliool. 


'  """  '"■'■    Revmiie. 


$iar,  87 
328  m 
04  45 
20  44 
1  03 
3  S3 
5  10 
12  14 
8  63 


SI30  99 
90  48 
45  69 
29  00 
0  25 


21  42 
3  .S5 
32  24 


The  annual  report  of  County  Auditor  Young, 
made  June  20,  18:-)8,  showed  the  total  receipts 
to  have  been  84,131.23,  with  a  total  expendi- 
ture of  80,559.95.  Auditor's  fees  amounted  to 
S(jOO_for  Mr.  Young,  S475,  and  for  L.  S. 
Lovvnsbury,  his  successor,  8125;  for  printing 
8117.50;  Prosecuting  Attorney  (John  Fitch), 
8135  ;  for  defense  of  criminals,  David  Higgins 
and  Andrew  Coffinbury,  each  815.  The  Treas- 
urer, fS.  L.  Collins,  received  as  fees,  8396.02. 

The  financial  report  of  Lucas  County  for  the 
year  ended  June  20,  1840,  showed  the  aggre- 
gate receipts  to  have  been  85,585.94;  and  the 
expenditures,  87,945.18;  showing  the  excess  of 
the  latter  to  have  been,  82,359.23.  The  chief 
items  of  expenses  were — Infirmary  Farm  and 
support  of  the  poor,  81,784;  witnesses'  fees  in 
State  cases  and  jurors,  8903.62;  Justices',  Con- 
stables' and  witnesses'  fees  in  criminal  cases, 
8420.22;  Prosecuting  Attorneys',  8599 ;  print- 
ing, 8288.53  ;  boarding  prisoners,  8122,75. 

The  total  expenditure  by  the  County  for  the 


year  ended  June  30,  1841,  was  88,112,  of  whicii 
^1,311,  or  10  per  rent,  was  paid  for  advertis- 
ing and  printing— 7-chiefly  for  adveilising  lands 
delinquent  for  taxes.  This  sum  was  more  than 
the  total  e.xpen.ses  of  the  Poor  House  Farm  and 
the  support  of  the  poor. 

As  the  result  of  the  financial  policy  <>{'  the 
Government  under  Jackson's  Administration, 
wherebj'  the  currency  of  the  countr3'  was 
enormously  inflated  by  excessive  Hank  issues, 
speculation  was  rife  and  heavy  investments 
made  in  Government  lands  throughout  tiie 
West.  From  this  source,  largely,  the  public 
resources  became  much  greater  than  was  the 
demand  of  the  service.  Con.se(|uonlly,  a  lai-ge 
surplus  was  accumulated,  the  disposal  of  which 
came  to  be  a  leading  question  in  National 
politics.  The  Whigs  demanded  the  distribu- 
tion of  the  surplus  money  among  the  States, 
while  the  partj-  of  the  Adminisiration  (tlie 
Democi-ats)  were  disposed  to  hold  it  in  the 
Treasury,  for  an  emergency  that  miglit  arise. 
At  the  session  of  18:;6-7,  Congress  ])assod  a  law 
providing  for  the  distribution  of  this  siir])lus, 
according  to  the  rejirescntation  of  the  sovoral 
States  in  Congress.  The  amount  coming  to 
Ohio,  was  82,686,347.12.  By  act  of  .March  28, 
1837,  the  State  Legislature  a])])orlioned  this 
sum  among  the  several  Counties,  according  to 
their  population,  where  the  money  was  to  be 
loaned  bj^  the  Count}'  Commissioners  at  the 
rate  of  0  per  cent,  interest,  on  good  I'eal  estate 
security.  The  amounts  assigned  to  the  several 
Counties  named  were  as  follows:  Huron, 
801,144.07;  Seneca,  831,755.73:  Sandusky, 
821,270.70;  Wood,  S14,-197. 15;  Lucas,  81 1.229.39 ; 
Paulding,  85,384.41  ; 
Hamilton,     8119,tl42.80 ; 


AVilliam.s,     85,014.09 
Henry,     85.615.09 : 


Franklin,  840,164.05;  Cuyahoga,  8(i0,489.27. 
The  ratio  was  811.22  per  voter.  At  the  time, 
this  distribution  of  mone\-  was  generally  re- 
garded as  a  great  benefit  to  tiie  countr}-,  and 
especially  to  the  borrowers — so  much  so,  that 
there  was  no  little  contention  among  appli- 
cants, and  jealousy  awakened  by  alleged 
"  favoritism  "  on  the  part  of  the  (commissioners. 
But  when  the  loan  had  terminated  and  the 
money  was  to  be  paid — as  much  of  it  was  upon 
suit  and  foreclosure  of  mortgages — there  arose 
sei'ious  doubt  as  to  benefit  derived  from  the  use 
of  the  moncj-.  In  fact,  the  common  judgment 
wiis,  that  more  harm  than  good  came  of  the 
transaction.  Many  a  suffering  farmer  then 
wished  the  money  ha<I  remained  a  suipliis  in 
the  National  Treasuiy. 

nKI.I.N'QUENT    TAXES. 

In  no  other  way  were  as  clearly  shown  the 
eft'ects  and  the  extent  of  the  memorable  era  of 
land  speculation,  beginning  in  1834,  and  einl- 
ing  with  the  fiTiancial  collapse  of  1837,  as  in 
the  extended  lists  of  lands  delinquent  in  pay- 
ment of  taxes.     This  was  more  specially  notice- 


326 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


able  in  the  ease  of  lots  in  the  great  number  of 
Towns  projet-tetl  hj  speculators  throughout  the 
West,  of  which  the  Maumce  Valley  furnished 
its  full  quota. 

The  first  levy  of  taxes  made  in  Lucas  County, 
was  in  1836,  and  was  about  12  mills  on  the 
dollar  of  valuation,  aside  from  Town  taxes. 
The  first  list  of  delinquent  taxes  published, 
appeared  in  the  i?/rtrfe,  November  1,  1837.  The 
parcels  of  land  numbered  2(J,  of  which  21  were 
in  Port  Lawrence  and  5  in  Waterville  Town- 
ships. The  owners  in  Port  Lawrence,  with 
the  number  of  acres,  were  as  follows:  Port 
Lawrence  Company,  Eiver  Tracts  1  and  2,  360 
acres;  Wm.  Oliver,  ])arts  of  Tracts  3,  4,  80  and 
87,  and  182  acres  in  Section  12,  Town  10,  Range 
10_in  all,  661  acres,  valued  at  §7,612,  or  $11.53 
per  acre.  Blisha  Whittlesey  owned  512  acres  in 
Sections  2  and  3,  U.  S.  Reserve,  and  in  Ri\!ier 
Tract  3.  The  other  owners  were  Wm.  An- 
drews and  Starr,  W.  J.  Danielsand  J.  N.  Steb- 
bins,  C.  S.  Patterson,  Isaac  Street  &  Co.  (125 
acres),  and  5  parcels  (400  acres),  unknown. 
The  Waterville  lands  belonged  to  John  F.  Co- 
beau,  James  G.  Hounot,  Alexander  Howard, 
and  Mary  Johnson,  the  whole  amounting  to 
640  acres,  and  valued  at  Sl,428,  with  taxes  of 
S35.12,  or  54  cents  per  acre. 

The  list  of  1837,  was  chiefly  devoted  to  Town 
property  in  Port  Lawrence  and  Vistula  plats 
(Toledo).  Of  the  former,  Wm.  Oliver  repre- 
sented 85  lots,  with  125  divided  between  "  Un- 
know^n  "  other  owners.  The  valuation  of  lots 
ranged  from  -SIO  to  S800,  the  average  being 
about  8140.  The  taxes  were  about  27  mills  on 
the  dollar.  Among  the  owners  were  Fred.  Bis- 
sell,  Baxter  Bowman,  Jo.seph  English,  C.  L 
Keeler,  Wm.  Oliver,  Converse  Porter,  Ra\  mond 
D.  Lynde  and  Volney  Spaulding.  Mr.  Oliver 
owned  75  lots.  Some  60  were  "  unknown." 
About  100  Vistula  lots  were  given,  belonging 
to  Edward  and  Fred.  Bissell,  Frederick  Bel- 
knap, W.  H.  Chapman,  Samuel  Eddy,  Merceno 
Fox,  Gilman  &  Wright,  P.  M.  Irving,  W.  II. 
Lathrop,  C.  J.  McKnight,  Elijah  Porter,  The- 
ophilus  Pitcher,  Geo.  Redding,  Peter  H.  Shaw, 
Albert  Swift,  B.  F.  Stickney  and  Amos  Stow. 
The  valuation  of  Vistula  lots  ranged  from  S15 
to  $350.  About  20  lots  were  in  Maumee  and 
Miami  Cit}-,  belonging  to  R.  A.  Forsyth,  Hunt, 
Beebe  iV  Beaugrand,  Wm.  Oliver,  Xorman  C. 
Baldwin,  Bronson  &  Crocker,  Wm.  Ilunfbrd 
and  James  Shepard.  The  highest  valuation 
was  §670,  and  the  lowest  §12.  Waterville  had 
4  lots,  in  the  names  of  Lyman  Dudley,  John 
Pray,  Wm.  Schenck  and  Hiram  C.  Smith,  the 
valuations  being  $20  to  §25. 

At  the  time  of  this  sale,  S.  M.  Young  was  the 
County  Auditor,  and  Daniel  McBain  the  Countj' 
Treasurer,  both  of  whom  are  still  living. 

The  full  measure  of  tax  delinquency  did  not 
appear  until  1840,  the  unparalleled  lists  of 
which  year  yet  stand  as  "  high-water  mark  " 
in  that  department  of  financial  conditions. 


First,  we  have  the  list  of  lands  and  lots  of 
Toledo,  as  returned  bj'  Edson  Allen,  City  Clerk, 
and  advertised  for  sale  on  the  last  Monday  of 
December,  1840.  This  list  occupied  one  and  a 
half  pages  of  the  Blade,  and  contained  1,000 
pieces  of  property.  Of  these,  30  were  tracts  of 
lands  within  the  Citj*  of  Toledo,  ranging  in 
quantitj-  from  7  to  160  acres,  and  charged  with 
taxes  of  from  55  cents  to  §23.33.  The  taxable 
valuation  ranged  from  §5.00  to  §20.00  per  acre. 

The  County  delinquent  list  occupied  no  less 
than  10  pai;esof  the  Blade.  It  embraced  about 
200  parcels  of  lands,  in  the  several  Townsliips, 
of  which  55  were  in  Port  Lawrence,  40  in 
Waj-nesville,  20  in  Waterville,  20  in  Sylvania, 
28  in  Wing,  22  in  Swan  Creek,  2  in  Providence, 
3  in  York,  9  in  Royalton,  and  11  in  Oregon, 
The  list  consisted  mainly  of  Town  lots,  located 
in  Toledo  (Port  Lawrence  and  Vistula),  Man- 
hattan, Maumee  City,  Miami  Cit}',  Waterville, 
Sj-lvania,  Whiteford  and  Lucas  City. 

Of  the  Toledo  lots  (2,200  in  number),  90  be- 
longed to  Sidney  Bissell,  40  to  Charles  Butler 
(of  Xeu-  York),  70  to  S.  B.  and  A.  J.  Comstock, 
80  to  the  Ei-ie  it  Kalamazoo  R.  R.  Co.,  300  to 
Henry  W.  Hicks,  40  to  C.  W.  Lynde,  400  to 
William  Oliver,  130  to  Pratt  &  Taylor  of  Buf- 
falo, 180  to  B.  F,  Stickney,  80  to-  American 
Land  Company,  560  to  "  unknown  "  owners, 
70  to  Micajuh  T,  Williams.  The  valuation  of 
these  lots  ranged  from  §10  to  §1,500,  the  latter 
being  lot  9,  Port  Ijawrence,  the  property  of 
William  P.  Daniels  (Northeast  corner  of  Sum- 
mit and  Perry),  on  which  stood  the  Indiana 
Hotel  and  Daniels's  Store.  The  range  of  taxes 
due  was  from  52  cents  and  5  mills,  to  §94.38  ;  the 
rate  being  about  5  per  cent,  of  valuation.  The 
larger  portion  of  the  Toledo  lots  stood  at  §60 
and  less,  and  a  large  part  at  and  below  §20. 
Lots,  30  in  number,  bounded  by  Huron  and 
Erie  and  Lafajette  and  Monroe  Streets,  were 
valued  in  a  lump  at  §600,  or  §20  each,  the  tax 
on  which  for  1839  was  42  cents  per  lot. 

The  following  lots  were  advertised  lor  sale 
as  "  forfeited  "  for  non-payment  of  taxes,  pre- 
vious to  1840  :  Port  Lawrence — Lot  1,  corner 
of  Summit  and  Monroe,  now  occupied  bj^  Com- 
mercial National  Bank  building,  belonging  to 
Wm.  Oliver,  was  appraised  at  §1,500,  the  high- 
est in  the  plat,  and  was  taxed  §11.79  for  City 
purposes  in  1839.  Lot  2  (East  half),  property 
of  Baldwin  k  Co.,  valued  at  §100,  and  taxed 
78.6  cents.  Lot  14,  North  side  Summit  Street, 
next  to  Monroe  West,  valued  at  §140  and  taxed 
§1.  Lots  9  and  10,  Northwest  corner  Summit 
and  Perry,  aggregate  tax  §44.28.  Lot  8,  corner 
Summit  and  Perry  (Burnett  Hotel),  value  §420, 
tax  §3.30.  Lot  12,  Baldwin,  Keeler,  et  at , 
Southwest  corner  of  Monroe  and  Summit,  tax 
§8.17.  Lot  19,  Morris  Sleight,  North  side  Sum- 
mit Street,  next  to  Jefferson,  lax  §26.80.  Lot 
20,  Daniels  &  Goettell,  Nortli  west  corner  Sum- 
mit and  Jefferson,  tax  §26.80.  Lot  101,  Sum- 
mit, between  Adams  and  Madison  (1st  National 


COUNTY  AFFAIRS. 


327 


Bank  building),  value  $140,  tax  S857.64.  Lots 
on  the  South  side  of  Summit  then  i-an  throusfh 
to  tlie  River,  and  were  taxed  heavilj-  tor  the 
opening  and  tilling  of  Water  Street,  which  gave 
tliera  thi-ee  frontages,  instead  of  the  one  origi- 
nally possessed.  This  tax  was  from  §20  to  S2t> 
per  foot  front.  The  site  of  the  present  Hall 
Block,  corner  Superior  and  Jefferson  (lots  177 
and  178)  was  delinquent  in  SI. 10  taxes.  The 
Union  Hotel  Comjniny  owned  lots  109,  111)  and 
111,  South  side,  and  lots  119  and  12(1,  North  side 
Summit  Street,  next  to  Adams,  extending  from 
Trinity  Church  to  the  River.  The  valuation 
of  those  was  S700,  and  the  amount  of  (_'ity  ta.x 
§40.23.  Lot  122,  Northwest  corner  of  Summit 
and  Adams,  belonging  to  the  same  Company, was 
taxed  §17.86.  Trinity  Church  lot  (103)  corner 
St.  Cl.iir  and  Adams,  was  taxed  §18.90,  of 
which  §17.86  was  for  Summit  Street  grade  tax. 
Lot  95,  the  property  of  Ira  Smith,  South  side 
Summit  and  next  to  Madison  West  (site  of  Store 
of  C.  L.  Luce  &  Co.),  was  valueii  at  §140,  with 
a  general  tax  of  §1.10,  and  a  Water  Street  im- 
provement charge  of  §770.28.  Lots  105,  106 
and  107,  owned  by  Edward  Bissell,  South  side 
Summit,  between  Adams  and  Madison  (includ- 
ing the  present  Toledo  Commercial  building, 
178  Summit),  were  charged  85,288.64,  or 
822.03  per  foot  Iront  as  Water  Street  tax.  Lot 
108,  on  the  Southwest  corner  of  Adams,  paid 
or  was  taxed  §1,043.60,  of  which  §1,040.14  was 
for  Water  Street. 

Vistula  Division:  Lots  1,423,  1,424,  1,425, 
1,434,  1,435,  1,436,  1,437,  and  1,438  (8  in  num- 
ber, ami  100x128.4  feet  in  size),  comprising  the 
present  site  of  the  Court  House,  were  valued  at 
§40  each,  with  a  total  tax  of  82.51,  or  31.4  cents 
])er  lot.  That  was  some  13  years  before  the 
property  was  selected  for  its  present  use.  Lot 
489,  corner  of  Cherr\  and  Superior,  on  which 
then  stood  the  First  Presbyterian  Church,  and 
now  the  site  of  St.  Francis  de  Sales  Catholic 
Church,  was  valued  (with  building)  at  §1,620, 
and  was  charged  §12.73  taxes.  It  stood  in  the 
name  of  John  Berdan  &  Co.  It  never  belonged 
to  the  Church.  Lot  480,  owned  by  M.  H.  Til- 
den,  Northeast  corner  ofSuperior  and  Walnut, 
now  the  site  of  M.  D.  Carrington's  residence, 
was  valued  at  §20,  and  taxed  §1.04.  Lots  601 
and  602,  Northwest  corner  of  Huron  and  Lo- 
cust, then  owned  by  J.  R.  Williams,  and  now 
the  residence  of  Fred.  Eaton,  were  valued  at 
§240,  and  taxed  §1.73.  Lot  1,077,  the  site  of 
St.  Mary's  Catholic  Church,  corner  Cherry  and 
Michigan  Streets,  was  valued  at  §80,  with  a  tax 
of  62  cents — being  owned  by  the  American 
Land  Company.  Lot  1,103,  the  property  of 
Sidney  Bi.ssell,  was  valued  at  §20,  and  taxed 
8L04.  It  is  now  ihe  site  of  the  Moulding 
Works,  corner  of  Chestnut  and  Champlain 
Streets.  One-half  of  lots  743  and  744,  North- 
east corner  Cherry  and  Erie  Streets,  then  be- 
longing  to  Pierre  M.  Irving,  was  valued  at  889, 
and  taxed  at  78  cents.  The  jiroperty  was  never 


improved  and  has  thus  lain  since  jilatted  in 
1832.  In  1836  it  was  held  at  §50(1.  Calcula- 
ting the  interest  as  doublini;;  every  ten  years — 
it  has  done  that  oltencr  in  Toledo— and  the 
value  of  M  years  ago,  now  (1887)  amounts  to 
824,000.  Calling  the  average  of  taxes  §10  per 
3'ear  (and  it  has  probably  been  more  than  that), 
these  with  interest,  now  stand  at  §3,850,  making 
a  grand  total  of  §27,850,  as  the  inveslmcnl  made 
in  ])roperty  which  is  worth  abo.it  one-third  that 
amount.  It  is  now  owned  by  Maro  Wheeler. 
A  like  arithmetical  calculation  as  to  all  other 
City  property  which  has  lain  for  the  half-cen- 
tury without  use,  would  ])resent  a  startling  ag- 
gregate And  yet,  the  proportion  of  such  in 
Toledo  has  been  far  below  the  average  of  Cities 
of  its  age.  In  very  few  of  these,  has  invest- 
ment in  real  estate  been  attended  with  equal 
return.  Lots  310,  311  and  313,  North  side  of 
Summit,  between  Lagrange  and  Elm,  owned  by 
Edward  Bis.sell,  were  taxed  §14.74  each  for  .Sum 
mit  Street  improvement.  The  block  bouiuled  by 
Madison  and  Jefferson  and  13th  and  I4lli 
Streets,  containing  10  lots,  and  now  the  resi- 
dence of  S.  M.  Young,  was  valued  at  §15  ])er  lot, 
and  taxed  11.7  cents  each.  It  was  then  con- 
sidered too  far  from  the  settled  poi'tioiis  of  tlic 
City  to  have  actual  market  value.  And  yet,  it 
was  only  13  years  later,  that  James  Johnson 
erected  the  dwelling  now  occupied  by  .Mr. 
Young.  Lots  801,  8(')2,  806,  807  and  808,  North 
side  Ontario,  between  Chestnut  and  Mulberrj', 
belonging  to  Sidney  Bissell,  were  ottered  for 
sale  for  taxes  in  1839,  without  purchaser,  at 
81.14  each  ;  and  again  offered  in  184(1  at  the 
same  price,  without  sale.  The  block  now  occu- 
pied by  the  Central  School  and  Manual  Train- 
ing School  building,  were  ottered  for  sale  in 
1840,  at  52^  cents  each,  the  taxable  valuation 
being  §10.  These  lots  were  10  in  numbei-  and 
were  loOxlOO  feet  in  size,  and  might  all  have 
been  purchased  for  §5.25,  with  the  liabilities  to 
redemption  under  the  law.  There  were  520 
lotsin  abody  in  Vistula  Division,  theaggregate 
valuation  of  which  was  §5,200,  and  the  tax  levy- 
under  which  they  all  were  ottered  fbrsaleonly 
§273.  They  comprised  nearly  all  lots  in  Vis- 
tula Division  between  Nos.  1180  and  l()5(i — an 
aggregate  of  450,  largely  in  the  Third  Ward 
and  constituting  much  of  the  best  improved 
property  in  the  City.  Some  80  lots  in  Port 
Lawrence,  owned  by  the  Erie  <&  Kalamazoo 
Railroad  Company,  were  valued  at  §20  each, 
and  taxed  §1.04,  or  §83.92  in  all.  Oliver's  Ad- 
dition pretty  much  entire  -  from  No.  1  to  311 — 
was  included  in  the  sale  of  1840.  l-^-oni  No.  1 
to  200,  the  valuation  was  §60,  and  the  balance 
820  — all  standing  in  the  name  of  W'm.  Oliver. 
B.  F.  Stickncy  had  in  the  Vistula  list,  180  lots, 
of  values  of  820  to  §140,  ami  scattered  as  to 
numbers  between  239  and  1,133.  The  Ameri- 
can Land  Companj'  had  80  lots  in  Vistula, 
while  of  600  lots  in  the  same,  the  owners  were 
"  unknown." 


328 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


By  all  odds,  the  Manhattan  Land  and  Eail- 
voad  Coiiiiiaiiy  represented  in  this  list  the 
lari^cst  (|iiantity  of  pro])erty.  It  embraced 
very  nearly  the  entire  plat  of  Manhattan,  con- 
sisting of  5,250  lots,  constituting  211  blocks,  of 
from  4  to  :^)2  lots  each.  The  values  oftlielots 
were  $1(1,  ^15,  $2<l,  and  830  ;  the  larger  portion 
being  SIO.  The  taxes  (for  1H39  and  1840)  were 
21  mills  on  the  dollar  per  year,  to  which  were 
added  penalty  and  interest  on  those  for  1839. 
Tims,  on  a  valuation  of  $10,  the  tax  was  21 
cents  per  year,  and  the  penalty  and  interest  for 
1839,  10  cents  and  4  mills,  making  31  cents  and 
4  mills  for  that  year  and  21  cents  for  1840,  and 
a  total  of  52  cents  4  mills  for  the  2  years.  The 
larger  valuations  were  in  the  same  proportion. 
Of  the  5,250  lots,  but  11  were  valued  above  S30. 
This  list  occupied  25  columns  of  the  Blade,  and 
seems  to  have  severely  taxed  the  typographical 
resources  of  the  office,  from  the  extent  to  which 
— using  the  Printer's  term — it  "ran  on  sorts." 
Thus,  after  exhausting  the  stock  of  figures,  it 
was  found  necessary  to  use  the  word  "  ten," 
instead  of  the  unit  and  cijiher,  and  to  fill  up 
columns  with  "do,"  as  abbreviation  of  "ditto." 
This  is  not  surprising,  in  view  of  the  fact  that 
the  office  was  a  small  one,  and  was  called  to 
provide  for  a  job,  which,  of  its  kind,  has  since 
never  been  equaled  in  extent.  It  contained 
325  columns,  of  210  lines  each,  making  a  total 
of  08,250  descriptions  and  amounts  in  figures. 
The  average  valuation  was  about  125  ))er  lot, 
making  the  aggregate,  say  $58,750.* 

Next  to  Manhattan,  in  this  list,  came  Miami 
City,  Waynesfield  Townsliip,  of  which  the 
Miami  City  Company  was  the  proprietor,  and 
in  whose  name  some  350  lots  were  taxed.  The 
valuation  of  unimproved  lots  ranged  from  $15  to 
$80.  Of  those  in  the  name  of  the  Company, 
but  2  seem  to  have  been  improved.  Lot  4, 
block  4,  was  placed  at  $3,820,  with  a  tax  of 
$178.67.  Lot  G,  block  21,  had  a  valuation  of 
$380,  and  was  taxed  $18.17.  Scott's  Addition 
contributed  150  ;  and  Wolcott's  Addition  about 
the  same  number  of  lots.  Individual  owners 
were  Nathan  Eathbun,  Geo.  A.  Sackett,  S,  A. 
Sargent,  Wolcott  Stebbins,  Daniel  Strayer, 
Andrew  Trajiji,  Jolm  Trapji  and  Marcus  Wil- 
cox, with  many  "  uid<nown." 

Maiimee  City  liad  about  75  lots,  scattered 
among  Hunt's,  Hunt  k  Beaugrand's,  and  Mrs. 
Gibbs's  Additions,  the  names  of  owners  being 
Anthony  Ambrose,  heirs  of  Levi  Beebe,  John 
Brandage,  B.  M.  Burtiss,  Chas.  M.  Briggs, 
Bronson,  Crocker  &  Pitzhugh  (Oswego,  N.  Y.), 
N.  C.  Baldwin,  H.  N.  Converse,  David  Coles, 
A.  H.  Ewing,  James  H.  Fors\  th,  R.  A.  Forsyth, 
ChloeGibbs',  John  E.  Hunt,  C.  C.  P.  Hunt,  C.  L. 
Henderson,    Edward    Hallen,   J.    B.   McBride, 

*  Soon  after  the  Town  was  platted,  residence  lots, 
distant  from  tlie  business  center,  were  sold  at  $U00 
each,  and  sales  were  suspended  by  the  owners,  on 
the  ground  that  prices  were  too  low;  and  contracts 
made  were  denied  execution. 


Luke  Mason,  John  McNees,  Wm.  Mumford, 
Madison  Eeynolds,  Wm.  Richardson,  Atvvood 
&  St.  John,  Waite  k  White,  Oscar  White,  Wag- 
ner k  Horn,  Brittain  Wolsey,  Horace  Waite, 
S.  M.  Young,  Eli  Kitts,  and  "  unknown." 

Waterville  was  represented  by  about  50 
Town  lots,  about  one-half  of  which  belonged 
to  Ira  White  and  associates.  The  other  owners 
were  Galen  B.  Abell,  Jacob  Courson,  James  II. 

Forsyth,  D.   P.   Farmer,    Cole,  J.   Hall, 

Burton  H.  Hickock,  John  Pettinger,  Welcome 
Pra\-,  Pray  k  Abell,  Wm.  Schenck,  Hiram 
Smith,  and  Tlieo]iliilus  Short.  The  valuations 
ranged  from  $8.00  to  $300. 

Sylvania  held  a  prominent  place  in  tiie  list, 
having  therein  about  800  lots,  of  which  30f) 
stood  in  the  name  of  Heman  AValbridge,  100  in 
that  of  Wm.  Wilson's  heirs,  and  35  in  that  of 
John  U.  Pease  (the  same  being  in  the  Wliite- 
ford  plat).  Besides  these  the  names  of  Elka-nah 
Briggs,  Beebe  Comstock,  Chaidotte  Uecker, 
D.  Greenvault,  Delavan  D.  llawes,  Abram 
Jessup,  Coleman  I.  Keeler,  Jr.,  E.  &  S.  Morse, 
Geo.  Parker,  Joseph  Eoop,  Samuel  Smith,  II. 
H.  Smith,  Wm.  L.  Smith,  Dwight  F,  Stone, 
Joseph  Titsworth,  Thos.  Townsend,  W.  H. 
Townsend,  John  Wall,  Thos.  Jefferson  Crom- 
wall,  Joseph  Clark,  Jedediah  Jessup,  Jolin 
Fitch,  David  White,  and  heirs  of  David  White, 
with  100  down  to  "  Unknown  " 

Lucas  City  had  its  place  in  the  list,  contrib- 
uting 450  lots.  Ol  all  these,  the  owners  were 
"  Unknown."  The  valuation  ranged  from  $3.00 
to  $20  00  jier  lot;  the  tax  being  5.11  per  cent. 
There  seems  to  have  been  no  improvement  on 
any  of  the  lots  named.  About  00  lots  were  in 
Piatt  Card's  Addition,  of  which  4  had  been 
transferi-ed  to  Z.  Prescott.  Ironville  now  occu- 
pies a  portion  of  the  site  of  Lucas  Cit^'. 

The  Town  plat  of  Oregon  was  represented 
by  2  lots  in  "  Water  Block,"  the  property  of 
Geoi'ge  Powesland — the  one  (No.  11)  being 
valued  at  $280,  and  the  other  (No.  12)  at  $25. 
The  other  Oregon  lot,  was  No.  2,  "  Upland 
Block,"  belonging  to  Luther  Whitmoj-e,  Jr., 
and  valued  at  $330.  The  tax  was  about  3  jier 
cent,  on  the  valuation.  Mr.  Whitmore  still  re- 
sides within  the  plat  of  Oregon. 

The  list  of  lands  delinquent  for  payment  of 
taxes  in  1841,  occupied  six  pages  of  the  Toledo 
Register.  Among  tlie  Town  property  thus  ad- 
vertised, was  the  entire  plat  of  Amsterdam, 
German  Township  (now  in  Fulton  County), 
consisting  of  282  lots,  belonging  to  Albert  Hel- 
fenstein  ;  whicli  were  valued  at  the  uniform 
price  of  $5.00,  o'^  which  taxes  were  delinquent 
to  tlie  amount  ol  12  cents  and  9^^  mills  each. 
Of  this  ainount  4-7  cents  was  foi'  the  year  1.S40 
(interest  and  penalty  included),  and  8  cents 
and  '2h  mills  for  1841.  TheMaumee  Lnnd  and 
Railroad  Coni])any  was  represented  in  120 
Manhattan  lots,  varying  in  values  from  $5.00  to 
$17.00  each,  with  taxes  thereon  ranging  from 
37^  to  75  cents  each.     The    lai'gest  single  levy 


COVNTY  AFFAIRS. 


32!) 


in  the  list  was  that  on  the  Erie  and  Kalamai^oo 
Railroad  depot  and  machine  shop,  $208.12,  the 
valuation  thereof  being  .1?;},4r)l.  The  next 
iiighest  tax  was  $3(1.(10.  Vinton,  Waynestield 
Township,  furnished  lots  from  1  to  54  inclusive, 
in  the  name  of  Daniel  Ilubbell,  valued  at  the 
uniform  rate  of  Sa.OO,  with  taxes  vaiying  from 
17i  to  37  cents. 

The  list  of  lands  advertised  in  .September, 
1842,  as  delinijuent  for  taxes,  embraced  1,I!00 
lots,  of  which  880  belonged  to  William  Oliver, 
and  were  in  Oliver's  Addition  ;  and  100  were 
those  of  B.  F.  Stickney,  in  Vistula  Divi.sion. 
The  amounts  of  taxes  due  ranged  fi-om  $81.44 
to  19  cents  and  0  mills  per  lot.  The  valuation 
was  from  12,800  to  $5.00  per  lot — the  former 
consisting  of  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad 
r)e])ot. 

The  location  of  the  several  Towns  projected 
along  the  Maumee  River  in  early  times,  and 
more  or  less  prominent  in  delinquent  tax-lists, 
will  better  be  shown  by  the  map  herewith  of 
that  stream  from  Maumee  and  above  to  Mau- 
mee Bay  and  the  Lake.  Commencing  up  the 
River,  we  have,  in  succession,  on  the  West  side, 
Maumee,  Miami,  Marengo,  Toledo  and  Manhat- 
tan ;  and  on  the  East  side,  Perrysburg,  Oregon 
and  Lucas  City.  Of  these,  Marengo,  Oregon 
and  Lucas  City  .soon  ceased  to  exist — conceding 
that  either  of  them  ever  had  real  existence; 
while  Manhattan  has  been  lost  in  Toledo,  as 
has  Ironville,  largely  a  successor  of  Lucas  Cit}'. 
This  map  bears  no  date,  but  was  made  about 
1836. 

Lucas  City  was  laid  out  in  the  Spring  of 
1830.  The  first  announcement  of  its  existence 
consisted  of  the  following  advertisement,  which 
appeared  in  the  Toledo  Gazette: 

LUCAS  CITY  LOTS. 

The  undersigned  offer  for  sale  about  1,500  lots  on 
this  important  site.  It  stands  at  the  mouth  of  the 
Maumee  River,  near  its  junction  with  Lake  Erie. 
Tlie  back  country  is  wide  and  ricli,  and  tlie  channel 
which  passes  has  been  acknowledged  by  experienced 
navigators  to  be  deep  and  broad  enougli  for  vessels  of 
the  largest  tonnage.  The  establishment  of  Roads 
and  Canals,  as  well  as  other  public  works,  which  are 
projected  within  its  neighborhood,  gives  it  extraordi- 
nary and  marked  advantages.  The  public  attention 
seems  to  be  directed  to  this  important  point,  as  the 
great  outlet  of  the  West ;  and  this  fact  tends  to  ren- 
der it  an  important  object  to  the  speculator  or  actual 
settler. 

The  City  lots  may  be  secured  upon  the  most  advan- 
tageous teims,  upon  application  to 

WiLLARD    SiMITH, 

E.  C.  Hart, 
Geo.  Humpurey, 

Traetees. 
Lucas,  May  6,  1836. 

N.  B. — The  local  advantages  of  the  place  may  be 
ascertained  by  applying  to  the  Masters  of  Vessels  and 
Steamboats,  who  ply  upon  this  track. 

LIKEWISE 

500  CITY  LOTS, 

By  Wll.l.AHl)    k^MITil. 

22 


CHAPTER    V. 


POLITICAL    PARTIES    AND    ELECTIONS. 


POLITICAL  parties  in  this  country  first  took 
definite  sliape,  in  the  contest  between  the 
adherents  of  Adams  and  Jefferson,  after  tlie 
retirement  of  Washington.  As  the  result  of 
different  intervening  causes,  the  lines  then 
formed  between  the  Federalists  on  the  one  hand, 
and  the  Eepublicans  on  the  other,  became  more 
or  less  obscured  or  weakened  through  the  Ad- 
ministrations of  Madison,  Monroe  and  Jolin 
Quincy  Adams.  Under  Pi-esident  Jackson  (1829 
to  18.37),  party  divisions,  upon  new  issues,  soon 
assumed  the  sharpness  and  bitterness  of  former 
days,  and  soon  came  to  be  Icnown  as  the  Dem- 
ocratic (that  of  the  Administration)  and  the 
Whig  party,  with  such  men  as  Henry  Clay, 
Daniel  Webster  and  Thomas  Ewing  for  its 
leaders.  The  questions  of  policy  on  which  these 
parties  were  mainly  divided,  related  to  finance, 
the  currency,  the  tariff,  and  the  disposal  of 
moneys  received  from  sales  of  public  lands.  The 
real  starting  point  of  the  division  which  fol- 
lowed, consisted  in  the  veto  of  the  act  of  Con- 
gress for  the  re-charter  of  the  United  States 
Bank.  This  was  done  on  the  ground  of  alleged 
unconstitutionality  of  the  bill.  That  institu- 
tion, through  its  main  office  in  Philadelphia 
and  its  branches  in  different  States,  not  only 
supplied  currency  and  exchange  facilities  to  the 
country,  but  was  the  depositor}'  of  public  funds. 
Soon  after  the  veto  of  the  Bank  charter,  the 
President  directed  the  Secretaiy  of  the  Treas- 
ury, Wm.  J.  Duane,  to  remove  the  public  mon- 
eys from  the  Bank,  and  deposit  with  State 
Banks,  which  refusing  to  do,  tlie  Secretary  was 
displaced  and  Eoger  B.  Tanej-  appointed  to  the 
place,  who  complied  with  the  order,  for  which 
action  the  President  was  censured  by  resolution 
of  Congress,  on  the  ground  of  alleged  usurpa- 
tion of  power.  The  deposits  not  only  were  so 
changed,  but  the  local  Banks  were  given  to 
understand  that  they  were  expected  through 
their  issues  of  notes  and  liberality  in  accommo- 
dations, to  make  good  the  deficiency  to  be 
caused  by  the  withdrawal  of  the  United  States 
Bank  and  its  circulation.  The  issue  thus  raised, 
as  to  both  the  currency  and  the  deposit  of  the 
public  moneys,  at  once  came  to  be,  as  for 
many  3-ears  it  continued,  the  main  ground 
for  party  division  in  the  country.  Second 
to  this,  was  the  question  of  the  disposal  of  pro- 
ceeds of  sales  of  the  public  lauds — the  Dem- 
ocrats insisting  that  these  should  be  treated 
as  public  funds,  and  be  used  accordingly,  while 
the  Whigs  claimed  that  the  lands  righttully  be- 
longed to  the  States,  in  their  separate  capacity, 


and  that  the  proceeds  from  their  sale  should  go 
to  the  States,  accordingly.  This  policy  never 
was  adopted,  although  in  June,  18l:!6,  the  sur- 
plus revenue  in  the  National  treasury,  was  dis- 
tributed to  the  States.  Ere  long,  as  the  result 
of  the  financial  policy  adopted,  the  exce.ssive 
issue  of  paper  money  bj'  State  Banks,  and 
the  sjjirit  of  speculation  stimulated,  the  business 
of  the  country  became  demoralized,  the  cur- 
rency vicious  and  general  j)anicand  dejJression 
ensued.  This  state  of  things  was  greatly  pro- 
moted bj'  the  "Specie  Circular"  of  183(5,  by 
which  paper  money  of  all  sorts  was  forbidden 
in  the  sale  of  pul)lic  lands.  The  effect  of  this 
sudden  change  of  policy  was  especially  severe 
at  the  West,  where  it  caused  general  financial 
depression  and  distress.  Under  such  state  of 
things  it  was,  that  President  Van  Buren  came 
into  office  March  4,  1887.  The  policy  of  the 
preceding  Administration,  which  the  new 
President  had  approved,  was  specially  ob- 
jectionable at  the  West,  where  its  financial 
effects  were  most  keenly  felt.  Many  Demo- 
crats in  that  section  joined  the  Whigs  in  their 
opposition.  As  the  residuaiy  legatee  of  the 
Jackson  Administration,  Mr.  Van  Buren  was 
called  to  assume  such  responsibility,  with  little 
of  the  personal  prestige  which  had  so  largely 
contributed  to  the  .strength  and  success  of  bis 
■'  illustrious  predecessor." 

Political  lines  in  Lucas  County  from  the  time 
of  its  creation  until  1840,  were  not  very  clearly 
defined,  although  the  Whig  and  Democratic 
organizations  were  both  maintained.  Up  to 
that  time,  as  on  many  occasions  thereafter, 
there  wei'e  found  to  be  a  plenty  of  causes  of  a 
local  nature  for  division  at  elections.  The 
conflicting  interests  of  the  rival  Towns  of  To- 
ledo, Manhattan  and  Maumee  City,  with  the 
additional  contest  for  the  Count3--.seat,  furnished 
ample  sources  of  disjiutes,  without  the  aid  of 
Jfational  issues. 

1837. 

The  first  election  in  Toledo  under  its  charter 
was  held  in  the  Spring  of  1837,  .when  the  issue, 
"  Upper  Town "  (late  Port  Lawrence)  vs. 
"  Lower  Town  "  (late  Vistula),  was  the  main 
issue.  The  result  was  a  victory  for  the  latter, 
so  far  as  the  Mayor  was  concerned. 

The  first  record  found  of  a  political  organi- 
zation in  the  County,  is  that  of  a  Whig  meet- 
ing held  in  Toledo,  July  28,  1837,  of  which 
General  Andrew  White,  of  Sylvania,  was  Chair- 
man, and  George  B.  Way,  of  Toledo,  Secretary. 


[330] 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


:!31 


Tlie  following  delegates  to  tlie  Wliig  State  Con- 
vention, wore  chosen  :  George  B.  Way,  Wm. 
P.  Daniels,  I^evi  S.  Lownslmi-}-,  Abrani  .lessup, 
Wni.  Martin,  Piatt  Card,  Oscar  White,  Samuel 
^1  Young,  and  Welcome  Pray.  As  County 
Central  Committee — James  M.  Whitney,  S.  M. 
Young,  A.  P.  Tuttle,  Pierre  M.  Irving  and 
(ieorge  B.  Way.  But  even  so  modest  a  move- 
ment b}'  the  Whigs,  could  not  take  place,  with- 
out an  outcropping  of  the  irrejiressible  Count\'- 
seat  (juestiou.  Thus,  the  Blade  (the  Toledo 
Whig  paper),  under  date  of  August  22d,  had 
thi.s:' 

\Ve  are  informed  that  emissaries  from  Maumcc 
have  been  visiting  every  cabin  in  the  Western  part 
of  the  County,  with  the  view  of  stirring  up  disaflec- 
tion  and  exciting  prejudice  against  the  continuance  of 
the  seat  of  ju.stice  at  Toledo. 

The  Democrats  held  their  County  Conven- 
tion in  Maumee  City,  September  10,  1887,  of 
which  John  Van  Fleet  was  Chairman,  and  E. 
Lathrop,  Secretai-y.  Samuel  Barrett  was  nom- 
inated tor  Commissioner,  H.  II.  Smith  for  Aud- 
itor, H.  K.  Steele  for  Recorder,  Samuel  Searing 
for  Assessor,  Sauford  L.  Collins  for  Treasurer, 
John  Fitch  for  Prosecuting  Attorney,  D.  Cole 
for  Coroner,  D.  S.  Westcott  for  Surveyor.  For 
Sheriff,  the  Democrats  supported  Benj.  D.  Cof- 
fin, "  Independent."  This  was  largely  "  Mau- 
mee "  in  appearance. 

The  Whig  nominating  Convention  was  held 
September  25,  ot  which  S.  W.  Allen  was  Chair- 
man, and  G.  H.  Rich  Secretary.  The  follow- 
ing nominations  were  made  :  For  Sheriff,  Cor- 
nelius G.  Shaw  ;  Auditor,  Levi  S.  Lownsbury; 
Prosecuting  Attorney,  John  Fitch  ,  Commis- 
sioner, Eli  Hubbard  ;  Coroner,  Sylvester  Coru- 
well  ;  Surveyor,  William  Martin  ;  Treasurer, 
S.  L.  Collins.  This  looks  like  a  "Toledo  ticket." 

The  result  of  the  election  in  the  County  in 
1H37  was  as  follows  ;  Senator— John  Patterson 
(Whig),  500  votes;  Curtis  Bales  (Democrat), 
420.  Representative  — G.  W.  Crawford  (Whig), 
500;  Parlee  Carlin  (Democrat),  415.  The 
Whigs  elected  their  entire  County  ticket,  ex- 
cept Coroner. 

At  the  annual  Citj-  election,  March  5,  1838, 
the  following  officers  were  chosen  :  Maj'or — 
John  Berdau  (re-elected);  Treasurer — Samuel 
B.Scott;  Marshal — Calvin  ( 'onistock  ;  Alder- 
men :  First  Ward — Junius  Flagg,  Daniel  Se- 
gur,  Leander  Hill;  Second  Ward — Kmery  D. 
Potter,  Elijah  Potter,  C.  E.  Brintnall  ;  Third 
Ward— S.  B.  Comstock.  M.  H.  Daniels,  Caleb 
F.  Abbott.  James  M.  Whitney  was  elected 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  Township  Treasure)-; 
and  Luke  Draper  and  James  L.  Chase,  Over- 
seers of  the  Poor. 

1838. 

The  Whigs  held  a  County  Convention  at  To- 
ledo, May  1,  1838,  of  which  Judge  Jonathan  II. 
Jerome  was  made  the  President  and    Richard 


Cooke,  the  Secretary.  The  main  business  con- 
sisted in  passing  resolutions  and  ajipointing 
delegates  to  the  Whig  State  Convention,  ilay 
31st.  From  the  list  of  delegates  ajipointed  ((iO 
in  number)  it  would  seem  that  the  Lucas  (.'oun- 
ty  Whigs  took  a  \evy  deep  interest  in  the  ac- 
tion of  the  State  Convention.  Their  names 
were  as  follows  ; 

B.  F.  Stickmv,  I'.  M.  Irving,  II.  D.  Mason,  .Icsei.h 
U.  Williams,  Sauford  L.  Collins,  \V.  F.  Dewcv,  Piatt 
Card,  A.  T.  Tuttle,  Wm.  Martin,  M.  H.  Daniels,  W. 
M.  Richardson,  C.  K.  I'riiitnall.  I)an.  Scgur,  Fred. 
Bi.s.sell,  John  Bcrdaii,  Hcmkui  Walbridgc,  Fli  Hub- 
bard, Henry  Pliillips,  S.  W.  Allen,  Jolui  I{.  Osbnrn, 
lUchard  iMott,  Junius  Flagg,  Kdson  Allen,  Richard 
Cooke,  <_;.  B.  Wav,  .lames  M.  Whitney,  William  I'. 
Daniels,  Charles  W.  Hill,S.  U.  Young,"  II.  L.  H.ismcr. 
John  Pray,  Oscar  White,  Jessup  W.  Scott,  (J.  B. 
Abell,  J.  J.  Brighani,  K.  A.  Forsyth,  George  8.  Hos- 
mer,  Henrv  Beed,  Jr.,  J.  A.  Forsvth,  James  Wolcott, 
Samuel  Eddy,  Josiah  Baker,  B.'P.  Peckbani,  C.  I. 
Keeler,  Jr.,  Myron  II.  Tildeii,  Elkanah  Briggs,  L.  S. 
Lownsbury,  Charles  M.  Dorr,  S.  CornwelK  James 
Willvison,  Samuel  Barrett,  W.  J.  Daniels,  William 
Kingsbury,  Horatio  C'oiumt,  Jofin  Allen,  Klisha 
^lack,  G.  P.  Knaggs,  Wilev  Hamilton  and  J.  Au.stin 
Scott. 

The  Convention  declared  Daniel  Webster  to  be  its 
choice  as  a  candidate  for  President,  naming  Henry 
Clay  as  an  acceptable  substitute.  The  result  of  the 
October  election  in  the  County  ( bs:!S)  wa.s  a.s  follows, 
(those  marked  thus  *  being  Whigs,  and  those  marked 
tlius  t  being  Democrats):  (iovcrnor — Vance,*  7.");^  ; 
Shannon,!  tiiti.  State  Senator— I  lollister,*  74 ! ;  Bates,t 
40.5.  Congress — Goode,*  757  ;  Sawyer.t  tlili.  liepre- 
sentative — Taylor,*  751  ;  Carlin, f  47IJ  (Ixjtb  residing 
in  Hancock  County).  Commi.ssioner— Bartlctt,*401; 
^'anFleet,t  811.  A sses.sor— Fisher,*  74(1;  I)od(l,t  HH). 
Recorder — Flagg,"  057  ;  Ratbbmi,t  b'!(i ;  Nichols,  419. 
Toledo  cast  457  votes,  and  Maumee  City  257— there 
being  about  100  Whig  majority  in  each  Town. 

A  Whig  mass  meeting  was  held  in  Toledo, 
August  27,  1838,  with  H.D.Mason  as  Chair- 
man, and  A.  T.  Tuttle  as  Secretaiy.  Speeches 
were  made  and  resolutions  adopted,  when  the 
following  named  delegates  to  a  Voung  Men's 
State  Convention  at  Mt.  Vernon,  were  ap- 
pointed :  John  R.  ()sborn,('.  E.  Brintnall, 
Daniel  McBaiu,  Two  Stickney,  A.  W.  Fair- 
banks, S.  M.  Young,  Henrv  Reed,  Jr.,  H.  L. 
Hosmer,  D.  F.  Cook,  W.  R"!lIovt,S.  L.Collins, 
C.  F.  Abbott,  C.  W.  Hill,  W.  N.  Richardson, 
A.'T.  Tuttle,  L.  S.  Lownsbury,  P.  B.  I'eckham, 
Dan.  Segur,  Chester  Walhridge,  John  Mack, 
A.  Jessup,  Elijah  Mack,  Thomas  Richard.sou, 
Thomas  Clark,  Wm.  Martin,  F.  Lyon,  E.  E. 
Evans,  C.  B.  West,  Elkanah  Briggs,  Piatt  Card, 
Pliny  Lathrop,  George  B.  Way,  C.  G.  Mc- 
Knight,  W.  J.  McNamee,  E.  Roys,  C.  M.  Dorr, 
W.  J.  Daniels. 

The  Whigs  held  their  County  Convention 
Jul}- 1 1,1837,  ot  which  Richard  ( 'ooke  was  Presi- 
dent, and  S.  M.  Young,  Secretary.  Piei-re  M. 
Irving,  S.  M.  Voung,  U.  B.  Way,  William  \. 
Daniels  and  A.  T.  Tuttle  were  ai)|iointed 
as  the  Central  Committee.  John  Hoi  lister  of 
Perrjsburg  was  the  Whig  candidate  for  State 
Senator. 


332 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


1839. 

The  result  of  the  election  of  October  8,  1839, 
was  the  choice  of  General  John  E.  Hunt  (Dem- 
ocrat) for  Senator ;  Moses  McNelly  (Democrat) 
for  Representative  ;  David  Hobart  (Democrat) 
for  Count}-  Commissioner;  C.  G.  Shaw  (Whig) 
for  Sheriff;  John  H.  Pease  (Democrat)  for 
Treasurer  ;  L.  S.  Lownsbury  for  Auditor ;  D. 
Garlick  for  Coroner ;  C.  F.  Abbott  for  Prose- 
cuting Attorney.  The  majority  against  a  re- 
view of  the  County-seat  question,  with  refer- 
ence to  re-locatiou,  was  50 — whereat  Toledo 
was  pleased,  and  Maumee  City  was  not. 

The  Whig  Legislative  Convention  for  the 
Counties  of  Lucas,  Wood,  Henry,  Williams, 
Paulding,  Allen  and  Hancock,  for  1839,  was 
held  at  Findlay,  August  29th,  with  John  Pat- 
terson, of  Hancock,  as  President,  and  H.  L. 
Hosmer,  of  Wood,  and  Henry  Heed,  Jr.,  of  Lu- 
cas, as  Secretaries.  Col.  John  Taylor,  of  Shelby , 
was  nominated  for  Senator,  and  William  Tay- 
lor, of  Hancock  (father  of  Milton  Taylor,  now 
of  Toledo),  for  Representative. 

1840. 

The  cumulating  embarrassments  of  the  Dem- 
ocratic Administration,  together  with  the  ac- 
ceptable nomination  of  General  Harrison  for 
President  by  the  Whig  National  Convention 
in  December,  1839,  enabled  the  Whigs  of  the 
country,  and  especially  of  the  \Vest,  to  start 
their  campaign  of  1840,  with  a  zest  and  a  hope 
entirely  new  to  them.  After  unbroken  sub- 
jection of  12  years  to  Democratic  rule,  they 
were  in  good  condition  of  mind  to  hail  even 
the  faintest  white  on  the  lining  of  the  cloud 
which  had  so  long  enshrouded  them.  The  con- 
ditions could  hardly  have  been  more  favorable 
to  them.  Mr.  Van  Buren,  the  incumbent  and 
Democratic  candidate  for  re-election  as  Presi- 
dent, was  loaded  down  with  the  accumulated 
errors  and  misfortunes  of  three  Administra- 
tions, from  which  there  was  no  escape  ;  and 
especially  had  he  to  carry  the  severe  financial 
depression  which  for  three  years  had  subjected 
the  country  to  an  experience  unknown  to  that 
generation.  On  the  other  hand,  the  Whigs 
were  not  only  ft-ee  of  such  load,  but  had  a  can- 
didate combining  the  precise  elements  essential 
to  the  most  enthusiastic  campaign.  Identified 
with  the  West  from  the  very  beginning  of  its 
settlement,  and  particularly  with  the  militarj- 
events  of  the  War  of  1812-15  and  of  the  Indian 
Wars  from  1790,  he  was  well  calculated  to  en- 
list a  strong  personal  sympathj^n  his  support; 
while  he  was  fortunate  in  having  escaped  the 
personal  antagonisms  common  to  men  long 
prominently  active  in  public  life.  To  all  these 
advantages,  the  Democratic  leaders  were  indis- 
creet enough  to  add  an  attempt  to  belittle 
General  Harrison's  candidacy  through  sneers 
at  his  alleged  unfitneiss  for  the  ofiice,  hie  pov- 


erty and  his  humble  position,  and  by  attempts 
to  depreciate  his  military  record.  All  these, 
skillfully  employed  by  his  friends,  contributed 
to  give  him  a  hold  upon  the  public  sympathy, 
which  otherwise  he  could  not  have  .secured. 
The  simple  blunder  of  an  attempt  to  deny  him 
credit  for  the  management  of  the  battle  of  Tip- 
pecanoe, in  Indiana,  in  1811,  onlj-  made  the 
more  popular  the  title  ("  Old  Tippecanoe  ") 
which  his  friends  at  once  gave  to  him,  and 
which  was  an  effective  rallying-cry  throughout 
the  campaign,  which  in  wildness  of  enthusi- 
asm, in  personal  effort,  and  in  sacrifice  of  time, 
as  in  the  number  and  extent  of  public  dem- 
onstrations, was  then,  as  it  is  now,  and  as  it 
must  continue  to  be,  without  parallel  in  the 
country.  Probably  no  one  thing  was  made  to 
contribute  more  to  the  enthusiasm  of  the  Whigs, 
than  did  the  appearance  in  the  Baltimore  Re- 
publican (a  Democratic  jjaper)  of  this  unfortu- 
nate reference  to  General  Harrison  ; 

Give  him  a  Barrel  of  Hard  Cider,  and  settle  a  pen- 
sion of  $2,000  a  year  on  him,  and,  our  word  upon  it, 
he  will  sit  the  remainder  of  his  days  in  a  Log  Cabin. 

This  simple  paragraph,  it  was,  that  suggested 
to  the  Whigs  the  key-note,  which  at  once  was 
taken  up  and  most  effectively  employed 
throughout  that  contest.  From  this  ill-timed 
sneer  at  Harrison's  poverty,  sprang  all  the 
"  Log  Cabins"  and  "Hard  Cider  ''  of  that  his- 
toric campaign.  Throughout  the  country,  the 
"  Log  Cabin  "  came  to  be  the  emblem  and  sign 
of  the  Whigs,  as  it  was  extensively  made  the 
local  headquarters  of  that  party.  Log  Cabins 
were  constructed  in  most  Cities  and  Towns, 
with  such  provision  of  accommodations  and  or- 
namentation as  best  carried  out  the  pioneer 
idea.  Toledo  was  not  without  such  a  structure. 
Following  is  a  reproduction  of  the  cut  used 
in  the  Blade  as  the  Whig  insignia  during  that 
campaign  : 


A  WHIG  LOG  CABIN  OF  1840. 

The  first  conspicuous  demonstration  of  the 
campaign  in  the  country,  was  the  Ohio  Whig 
Mass  Convention  of  February  21-22.  As  the 
first  clear  manifestation  of  the  real  state  of  the 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


x\:\ 


popular  heart,  it  was  both  a  surprise  and  a 
stimulus  to  the  many  similar,  but  few  equal, 
occasions  which  followed.  Local  gatherings 
throughout  the  State,  unprecedunt  of  their 
kind,  had  raised  high  expectations  as  to  both 
numbers  and  enthusiasm  of  the  coming  assem- 
blage, but  the  imagination  of  the  most  sanguine 
fell  largely  below  the  reality.  Then,  the  rain, 
which  was  continuous  for  some  days  previous 
to  the  appointed  gathering,  causing  a  complete 
"  break  u))  "  of  the  roads  and  a  depth  of  mud 
to  be  reached  only  after  an  annual  "  thaw  "  had 
made  travel  as  nigh  to  impossible  as  such  con- 
dition could  produce.  And  it  will  be  here 
borne  in  mind,  that  at  that  time  there  was  not 
in  all  the  State  a  Railroad  of  sufficient  length 
to  be  available  to  a  single  passenger  oti  that 
occasion.  Private  conveyance — chiefly  by  farm 
wagons,  supplemented  to  some  extent  b}-  teams 
more  or  less  immense  in  size — with  what  little 
the  few  stage  lines  could  do,  constituted  the 
entire  means  of  transportation.  With  this 
fact,  and  the  weather  and  state  of  the  roads  in 
minil,  the  reader  maj"  form  some  slight  idea  of 
what  was  involved  in  such  a  demonstration  ;  it 
being  also  remembered,  that  some  of  the  dele- 
gates had  before  them  not  less  than  400  miles 
of  that  sort  of  travel,  requiring  for  the  trip  not 
less  than  two  weeks  of  time  ;  with  the  further 
incident,  that  they  were  liable,  as  many  were 
called  to  realize,  to  be  compelled  to  find  lodg- 
ings in  barns  and  in  the  wagons  in  which  they 
rode — their  food,  the  meantime,  consisting  of 
the  ample  "  lunch  "  supplied  by  the  ready  zeal 
of  wives,  mothers  and  sisters.  There  were 
present  on  the  occasion  not  less  than  20,000 
people,  representing  everj^  County  in  the  State. 
JSo  record  has  ever  given  adequate  idea  of 
that  event,  and  in  here  referring  to  it,  depend- 
ence is  made  on  the  imperfect  reports  at  hand, 
supplemented  by  the  memory  of  the  writer, 
which  could  hardly  be  more  vivid  than  it  is  of 
what  he  saw,  heard  and  was  part.  He  made 
the  trip  in  the  stages  of  Neil,  Moored  Co.,  from 
Lower  Sandusky  (Fremont);  the  fare  for  the 
round  trij),  So. 00,  or  half  regular  rate.  The 
down  passage  involved  some  40  hours  of  con- 
tinuous travel,  but  was  so  much  more  rapid 
than  the  average,  that  many  delegations  and 
cavalcades  were  passed  on  the  way.  Among 
these  was  the  extraordinary  contribution  of 
the  Maumee  Valley,  Fort  Meigs  constructed  in 
miniature,  chiefly  by  the  AVhigs  of  Perrj's- 
burg,  under  the  superintendence  of  Rev.  Joseph 
Badger  and  John  C.  Spink  — the  former  hav- 
ing been  a  Chaplain  in  General  Hai-rison's 
army  and  a  Missionary  in  this  region,  and  the 
latter  a  leading  lawyer  at  Perrysburg.  The 
miniature  was  Fort  Meigs  in  all  its  parts,  and 
complete  as  the  original  existed  when  so  hero- 
ically and  successfully  defended  by  General 
Harrison  and  his  command  in  May,  1813.  All 
this  was  displayed  on  an  ample  platform,  rest- 
ing on  four  ponderous  wheels  drawn  by  six  or 


eight  horses,  and  wide  enough  to  occupy  the 
entire  width  of  the  average  roadway.  The 
movement  of  such  a  load  must  at  best  be 
ditiicult  and  slow,  and  was  made  almost  impos- 
sible by  the  terrible  state  of  the  roads  and  the 
heavy  rain.  This  uni(iue  structure,  with  the 
immense  cavalcade  attendant,  reached  Colum- 
bus about  11  A.  M.  on  the  first  day  of  the  (Jon- 
vontion,  in  the  midst  of  the  ))rotracted  rain,  its 
appearance  being  hailed  with  surprise  and 
enthusiasm  on  every  hand. 

The  arrival  of  Fort  Meigs  was  preceded  and 
followed  b}'  a  variety  and  extent  of  flemonstra- 
tions  too  great  for  <letail  here.  ^Vmong  these 
were  tiOO  horsemen  from  Franklin  County.  A 
delegation  of  1,100,  with  l)ands  and  banners, 
came  from  Ross  County.  A  train  of  many 
hundreds  from  (!lark  County,  was  led  by  a 
veritable  Log  Cabin  on  wheels,  its  sides  orna- 
mented with  coon- skins,  and  on  its  roof 
"  Charley  "  Anthony,  then  Senator  from  that 
County,  and  subsequently  United  States  Dis- 
trict Attornej',  whose  best  energies  were  de- 
voted to  munching  "  hoe-cake,"  the  staple 
bread  of  the  pioneers.  From  Cleveland  came 
a  splendid  Brig,  admirabl}-  equipped  and  largo 
enough  to  accommodate  a  crew  in  its  rigging. 
Licking  Countj-  sent  a  Steamboat,  fidly  rigged 
with  wheels,  pipes,  etc.,  and  drawn  by  four 
horses,  with  a  banner  inscribed,  "  The  Farmer 
of  North  Bend.''  Upon  the  front  of  the 
National  Hotel  was  a  painting,  representing 
General  Proctor  (the  British  commander),  de- 
manding of  General  Harrison  the  surrender  of 
Fort  Meigs,  with  Harrison's  memorable  reply, 
"  Tell  General  Proctor,  if  he  takes  the  fort,  he 
will  take  it  in  a  manner  which  will  do  him 
more  honor  than  would  a  thousand  surren- 
ders." A  Canoe  on  wheels  was  drawn  by 
eight  white  horses,  driven  liy  the  veteran  stage 
proprietor,  William  Neil,  of  Columbus,  the 
stern  of  the  Canoe  containing  a  Buckeye  tree 
in  full  leaf— the  leaves  being  the  handiwork  of 
Whig  ladies  of  Columbus.  This  was  followed 
by  several  hundred  Franklin  County  Whigs  on 
foot.  From  Ross  Count}'  came  a  double  Log- 
Cabin,  with  "  Old  Tip"  between,  drawing  cider 
from  a  barrel.  The  Crawford  County  delega- 
tion marched  under  a  banner  with  a  living 
bald  eagle  perched  on  the  staff,  10  feet  high. 
Greene  County  had  a  Log-Cabin  on  wheels,  its 
occupants  dressed  in  hunting  shirts,  the  roof 
covered  with  old  hunters  eating  ]ione,  or 
johnny-cake.  From  Guernsey,  an  Ohio  River 
Boat  drawn  by  six  horses  and  tilled  with 
"  Guernsey  Reformers,"  the  boat  bearing  the 
name,  "  Tippecanoe."  The  Whigs  from  Jack- 
son County  wore  a  bit  of  ribbon  on  their  coats, 
with  the  couplet : 

With  Tip  and  Tyler, 
We'll  bust  Van's  biler. 

The    '•  Mad    River    Trappers "   came    in    a 
"  lodge  '■  similar  to  those  used  lo  protect  trap 


334 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


pers  from  the  weather.  Skins  were  stretched 
on  the  sides,  curing  for  the  market.  The  Trap- 
pers were  led  by  a  hardy,  venerable  man  on  a 
mule,  dressed  in  hunting  shirt,  with  his  tin-cup 
and  knapsack.  His  company  consisted  of  30 
Trappers,  dressed  in  Indian  blankets.  From 
Union  County  came  a  Log-Cabin  on  wheels, 
filled  inside  and  out  with  the  "  truck  "  of  that 
primitive  tenement,  the  delegates  on  the  I'oof 
singing,  loud  and  shrill,  to  the  tune  of  "The 
Blue  Bells  o'  Scotland,"  the  following  original 


LOG  CABIN  SONG. 

Oh  where,  teU  me  where,  was  your  Buckeye  Cabin  made  ? 
Oh  where,  tell  me  where,  was  your  Buckeye  Cabin  made  ? 
'Twns  built  among  the  merry  Boys  that  wield  the  plough  and 

spade, 
Where  the  Log  Cabins  stand  in  the  bonnie  Buckeye  shade. 

'Twas  built,  &c. 

Oh  what,  tell  me  what,  is  your  Buckeye  Cabin's  fate  ? 
Oh  what,  tell  me  what,  is  j'our  Buckeye  Cabin's  fate'? 
We'll  wheel  it  to  the  Capital,  and  place  it  there  elate, 
For  a  token  and  a  sign  of  the  bonnie  Buckeye  State. 
We'll  wheel  it,  &c. 

Oh  why,  tell  me  why,  does  your  Buckeye  Cabin  go  ? 
Oh  why,  tell  me  why,  does  your  Buckeye  Cabin  go'? 
It  goes  against  the  Spoilsmen,  for  well  its  builders  know, 
It  was  Harrison  that  fought  for  their  Cabins  long  ago. 
It  goes,  &c. 

Oh,  who  fell  before  him  in  battle,  tell  me  who  ? 
Oh,  who  fell  before  him  in  battle,  tell  me  who  ? 
He  drove  the  savage  legions  and  British  armies,  too, 
iVt  the  Rapids  and  the  Thames,  and  old  Tippecanoe. 
He  drove,  &c. 

By  whom,  tell  me  whom,  will  the  battle  next  be  won '? 
By  whom,  tell  me  whom,  will  the  battle  next  be  won'? 
The  Spoilsmen  and  Leg- Treasurers  will  soon  begin  to  run, 
And  the  Log  Cabin  candidate  will  march  to  Washington. 
The  Spoilsmen,  &c. 

Oh  what,  tell  me  what,  then  will  little  Martin  do? 
Oh  what,  ti-'U  me  what,  then  will  little  Martin  do? 
He'll  follow  iu  the  footsteps  of  Price  and  Swartwout,  too. 
While  the  Log  Cabins  ring  again  with  Tippecanoe. 
He'll  follow,  &c. 

The  Convention  was  held  in  the  open  air,  at 
the  corner  of  High  and  Broad  streets  (being 
the  Northwest  corner  of  State  House  Si^uare). 
It  was  called  to  order  b}-  James  Wilson,  of 
Steubenville,  and  was  organized  by  the  ap- 
pointment of  General  Eeazau  Beall,of  Wooster, 
as  President,  with  a  Vice-President  from  each 
Congressional  District,  among  whom  were 
Aurora  SpafFord,  of  Wood  County,  and  Eleu- 
theros  Cooke,  of  Erie,  with  nine  Secretaries. 
General  Beall  made  a  brief  and  stirring  address, 
when  Captain  "Dick"  Douglas,  of  Eoss  County, 
offered  resolutions  directing  the  order  of  pro- 
ceeding. The  Convention  was  then  addressed 
by  Thomas  Bwing,  Sen.,  and  General  W.  S. 
Murphy,  when  an  adjourument  was  taken 
until  the  next  day. 

The  second  day's  session  was  held  at  the  same 
l^lace,  and  amid  an  unbroken  fall  of  rain,  with 
"  Charlie  "  Anthony,  as  a  Vice-President,  in  the 
Chair.  Nehemiah  Allen,  of  Geauga  County, 
made  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  nomina- 
tion for  Governor,  and  presented  the  name  of 
Thomas  Corwin,of  Warren  County,  which  was 
received  with  great  enthusiasm.  Ex-Governor 
"Joe"  Vance,  of  Champaign  County,  reported 
the  names  of  Presidential  Electors. 


The  grand  procession,  which  came  off  on  the 
second  day,  was  greatly  embarrassed  by  the 
continuous  rain  and  the  consequent  mud  in 
streets  without  a  particle  of  pavement.  Truly 
did  the  enthusiastic  Whigs  then  sing, 

"  Bravel}'  we'll  tramp  the  mud  through." 

Despite  all  di'awbacks  of  rain  and  mud,  how- 
ever, the  procession  was  a  grand  di.splay,  being 
four  deep,  and  led  by  several  military  com- 
panies and  many  bands,  the  whole  being  about 
a  mile  in  length,  with  Fort  Meigs,  the  Steam- 
boat, the  Brig,  the  Log  Cabins,  the  Canoe,  the 
Trappers'  Lodge,  the  River  Boat,  etc.,  attended 
by  an  immense  troop  of  footmen,  horsemen  and 
carriages  of  every  sort.  The  homeward  trip 
of  these  thousands,  as  the  result  of  almost  un- 
interrupted rain,  was  even  worse  than  that  to 
the  Convention.  This  fact  will  be  better 
understood  when  it  is  stated  that  the  stage, 
with  six  passengers,  in  which  the  writer  re- 
turned, was  drawn  most  of  the  distance  by  six 
horses,  and  was  6(1  hours  continuously  traveling 
in  making  tlie  lO.o  miles  —or  l^  miles  ])er  hour 
for  the  trip. 

The  Whigs  of  laicas  County  held  their  Con- 
vention June  3d,  in  Toledo,  for  the  choice  of 
delegates  to  the  Congressional  District  Conven- 
tion, when  Andrew  Palmer  (who  had  recently 
left  the  Democratic  party)  was  made  Presi- 
dent. Morrison  R.  Waite  was  the  Secretary, 
such  being  the  first  public  position  occupied  by 
him  in  Ohio,  as  it  probably  was  the  first  of  his 
life.     The  delegates  chosen  were  as  follows  : 

Toledo— Geo.  B.  Way,  S.  B.  Comstock,  C.  M.  Dorr, 
Dan  Segur,  L.  S.  Lownsbiiry.  Sylvester  Cornwell,  S. 
L.  Collins.  JNIaumee — Oscar  White,  Isaac  Hull,  Eli 
Kitts,  G.  B.  Knaggs,  S.  M.  Young.  Waterville— 
Oliver  Pray,  David  Robbiu.s,  Jr.,  Welcome  Pray. 
Providence — Aaron  B.  Mead.  Amboy — Cyrus  Fisher. 
Chesterfield — Harlow  Butler.  Oregon — ^()liver  Ste- 
vens. Clinton — Elisha  Williams.  Royalton — Wm. 
Smith.  Sylvania — D.  L.  Westcott.  Richfleld — Pliny 
Lathrop.  Swan  Creek — John  Emerv.  Springtield — 
Peter  Holloway.  Wing— P.  B.  Scott.  York— E.  C. 
Lathrop.  Gorham — Gorliam  Cottrell.  German — 
Samuel  Gibeney. 

A  "  Tippecanoe  Club  "  was  organized  by  the 
Whigs  of  Toledo,  April  3,  1840,  to  "promote 
the  good  cause  of  Harrison  and  Reform,"  wi^h 
the  following  officers:  President,  Edward  Bis- 
sell;  Vice-President,  S.  B.  Comstock;  Treas- 
urer, W.  N.  Richardson  ;  Secretary,  Robert  W. 
Titus.     The  Club  held  weekly  meetings. 

Second  onh'  to  the  wonderful  manifestation 
of  popular  sentiment  made  at  Columbus,  Feb- 
ruary 22,  was  that  which  took  jilace  on  the 
site  of  Fort  Meigs,  near  Perrysburg,  June  11, 
1S40.  In  some  respects  the  latter  was  most 
remarkable,  but  these  referred  more  to  the 
greater  system  and  order  of  its  characteristics 
and  the  numbers  present,  than  to  the  degree  of 
enthusiasm  manifested,  although  this  was  seen 
iu  force  beyond  anything  shown  previous  to 
that  extraordinary  year.     Then,  it  should  be 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


335 


borne  in  mind,  that  the  Fort  Meigs  demonstra- 
tion had  the  great  advantage  of  the  Summer 
season,  with  its  good  weatlier  and  good  roads, 
with  the  further  essential  aid  of  Steamboatcom- 
nnuiication  with  all  points  on  the  Lakes — con- 
siderations which  can  be  apjn-eeiated  onlj'  l\y 
those  who  have  both  "bravely  tramped  the 
mud  through  "  and  traveled  on  smooth,  solid 
roads  and  hj  steam  navigation  in  June.  The 
anniversarj'  of  the  siege  of  Fort  Meigs  by  the 
British  force  under  General  Proctor,  occurred 
May  lst-9th,  but  the  celebration  of  that  event 
was  judiciously  postponed  to  June  11th,  for 
prudential  reasons,  chief  of  which  was  the  bet- 
ter condition  of  the  roads  and  the  more  settled 
weather  of  the  latter  date — which  decision  was 
full  J- justified  by  the  result.  The  occasion,' as 
will  be  seen,  was  something  more  than  a  local 
or  a  State  affair;  but  one  of  National  interest. 
The  tens  of  thousands  that  made  up  the  im- 
mense throng  there  assembled,  were  drawn 
from  every  State  in  the  Union,  although  chiefly 
from  Ohio,  Michigan,  Indiana,  Pennsjlvania 
and  New  York.  Of  course,  the  expected  pres- 
ence of  General  Harrison  added  largely  to  the 
attraction  of  the  gathering.  A  large  number 
of  military  Companies  were  present,  including 
the  Buffalo  Flying  Artillery,  Major  Fay  ;  the 
Buffalo  City  Guards,  Captain  Vaughn  ;  the  La- 
fayette Guards  of  Buffalo,  Captain  Manner; 
the  Washington  Guards  of  Buffalo,  Captain 
Palmer;  the  Fredonia  (N.Y.)  Guards,  Captain 
Barret;  Cleveland  Grays,  Ca])tain  Ingraham  ; 
the  Summit  Guards  of  Akron  ;  the  Tiffin  Blues; 
and  the  Toledo  Guards,  Cai^tain  C.  W.  Hill. 
With  these  were  several  excellent  bands  of 
music  from  Buffalo,  Fredonia,  Cleveland,  Belle- 
vue  and  other  places.  It  was  estimated  that 
35,0(1(1  people  were  there.  So  great  was  the 
multitude,  that  no  attempt  was  made  to  form  a 
procession. 

The  exercises  at  the  Fort,  on  the  12th,  con- 
sisted of  an  organization,  with  Thomas  Ewing 
for  President,  and  Vice-Presidents  from  the 
several  States,  followed  by  speeches  from  Colo- 
nel Love,  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.;  J.  H.  Paine,  of  Lake 
County,  Ohio;  Oliver  Johnson,  of  Michigan, 
and  John  E.  Osborn,  then  of  Norwalk.  Upon 
his  arrival  at  the  stand,  General  Harrison  was 
seated  with  Colonels  Tod  and  Clarkson  of  Ken- 
tucky, who  had  acted  as  his  Aides  in  the  battle 
27  years  before  ;  and  also  several  of  the  old 
Soldiers  who  were  with  him  at  Presque  Isle, 
when  Aide  to  Wayne;  at  Tippecanoe,  when 
Governor  of  the  Northwest;  at  Fort  Meigs  and 
the  Thames,  when  Commander.inChief  of  the 
Northwestern  Army.  There,  too,  in  his  85th 
year,  was  his  Chaplain,  Rev.  Joseph  Badger. 
Upon  this  occasion,  as  upon  the  thrilling  occa- 
sions of  1813,  he  put  up  a  fervent  ])ra3er  to  the 
Throne  of  Grace.  General  Harrison  delivered 
an  address  to  the  immens^e  throng  about  the 
stand,  which  was  received  with  great  enthusi- 
asm, and  a  portion  of  which,  for  its  historical 


bearing,  is  here  reproduced.  After  stating 
that  he  had  come  tliere  only  at  tiic  earnest 
solicitation  of  his  friends  and  against  his  own 
judgment,  he  said  : 

And  yet,  fellow  citizens,  liad  I  been  absent  in 
body,  my  spirit  would  have  been  present  with  you. 
For  what  spot  could  excite  such  reminiscences,  as 
this  upon  which  I  now  stand?  My  uye  now  rests 
upon  a  field  (the  battleground  of  General  Anthony 
Wayne's  Victory  in  August,  l"!t4,  acro.ss  the  Mauniee 
River),  where  a  hero  of  the  Kcvohition  carried  out 
principles  which  I  have  hunihly  tried  to  imitate. 
There,  gentlemen,  1  saw  the  baiiner  of  liberty  un- 
furled. There  I  saw  the  American  Eagle  pounce  (jn 
the  British  Lion.  There  1  saw  the  gallant  youths, 
who,  with  me,  had  entered  the  public  service,  act 
upon  the  noble  principle  which  bids  the  American 
citizen  to  die,  if  need  be,  for  his  country.  There 
[pointing  to  another  part  of  the  field],  I  saw  interred 
the  remains  of  my  beloved  companions  in  arms, 
friends  of  my  youth.  If  military  propriety  then  for- 
bade that  I  should  mourn  forthose  wluj  had  given  up 
their  lives  for  their  country's  good,  we  may  now  be 
permitted  to  drop  a  tear  to  their  memory  and  their 
worth.  Nineteen  years  after  these  events,  gentlemen, 
I  was  here  as  Commmander-in-Chief  of  our  Army. 
We  saw  here  the  regular  army  oi  the  Revolution. 
Time  and  di.sea,se  had  thinned  the  ranks  of  my  old 
associates,  but  there  was  no  diminution  of  valor. 
Glorious  reminiscences  crowd  on  my  mind.  Would 
that  they  were  unaccompanied  with  pain.  I  expected 
the  gratification  I  now  receive  in  seeing  you  come 
here  to  raise  another  banner  to  Liberty.  I  expected 
to  receive  on  this  field  to-day  those  evidences  of  your 
satisfaction  with  my  conduct  which  are  now  bestowed, 
the  adequate  reward  for  tlie  anxiety  and  pain  I  suf- 
fered here.  With  difheulfy  can  you  realize  their  ex- 
tent. Can  a  Commander-in-t.!hief  I)e  satisfied  with 
the  glitter  and  paraphernalia  of  war,  and  implicit 
military  obedience?  Oh,  no.  These  may,  indeed, 
serve  the  office  of  tyrann}- ;  but  let  an  American  place 
himself  in  the  situation  which  I  then  occui>ied,  and 
say  if  any  reward,  except  the  kind  consideration  of 
his  fellow-citizens,  can  compensate  him  for  the  in- 
tense anxiety  which  every  commander  must  suffer, 
not  only  from  concern  for  his  own  errors  in  judg- 
ment, but  for  the  mistaken  judgment  and  defective 
execution  of  his  sufjordinates.  The  painful  emotions 
were  increased  when  I  considered  who  they  were 
that  then  gathered  upon  this  spot.  Lawyers  were 
here,  who  left  their  briefs  ;  physicians,  who  had  left 
their  instruments ;  mechanics,  who  had  left  their 
tools;  and,  above  all,  the  yeoman  who  had  left  his 
plow  in  the  furrow  and  his  fields  uncultivated,  to 
give  up  that  life  that  was  necessary  and  dear  to  his 
family,  to  his  country,  if  her  good  required  it.  I 
knew,  too,  gentlemen,  that  by  coming  here  to-day,  1 
sliould  be  able  to  take  I)y  the  hand  men — brave  and 
good  men — wdio  fought  in  and  who  accomiilished  the 
Revolution.  I  behold  them  here.  Would  to  God, 
that  long  ago  they  could  have  been  placed  in  the 
.situation  they  deserve.  Why,  fellow-citizens,  should 
tlie  army  of  Wayne  have  been  so  long  neglected? 
The  American  Revolution  terminated,  not  at  York- 
town,  nor  at  anv  other  Town,  Ijut  on  this  battlefield, 
in  August,  1794.  fntil  that  day,  the  settlers  of  the 
West  were  constantly  assailed  and  made  victims  of 
the  tomahawk  and  tlie  scalping-knife.  Why  the  dis- 
tinction between  those  who  acted  in  the  War  proper 
of  the  Revolution  and  those  who  .struck  the  finishing 
fjlow  in  the  work  of  the  National  defense?  If  any 
distinction  were  to  be  made,  to  my  nnnd  it  appears 
that  it  should  be  in  favor  of  him  wiio  fought  the  sav- 
age in  a  savage  country.  'Where  the  country  is  set- 
tled, remedies  and  means  of  comfort  for  tlie  sick  and 


336 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


wounded  are  easily  procured ;  but  where  could  tlie 
sick  and  wounded  Soldier  of  Wayne  be  borne  lor 
necessary  comfort  and  shelter  ?  Whenever  after  the 
war,  you  saw  a  poor  object  moving  about,  from  set- 
tlement to  settlement,  seeking  in  intemperance  tem- 
porary alleviation  from  pain  and  sorrow,  you  found 
on  inquiry,  that  he  had  been  a  Soldier  of  the  Revolu- 
tion. I  never  ceased  to  employ  my  humble  efforts 
in  behalf  of  the  Soldier  of  the  frontier.  I  always  in- 
sisted that  the  debt  of  these  Soldiers  should  be  paid 
first  of  all.  The  Treasury  can  afford  it,  if  the  string 
of  the  door-latch  is  kept  pulled  in.  I  refused,  when 
in  Congres.s,  to  vote  for  the  liill  allowing  members 
$1,.^00  a  session,  until  provision  should  be  made  for 
Kevolutionarv  and  other  Soldiers.  Gentlemen,  I 
have  little  to"  say  to  you  upon  the  politics  of  the 
times.  Tliat  subject  1  must  leave  to  be  touched 
upou  by  others.  But  I  must  be  iiermitted  to  say, 
that  the"  charge  that  I  refuse  to  declare  my  opinions, 
is  untrue.  Indeed,  I  believe  that  no  pledges  should 
be  given.  I  have  always  supposed  tliat  the  best  guar- 
anty for  fidelity  would  be  the  previous  conduct  of 
the  man  whose  acts  had  been  performed  under  no 
temptation  to  deceive. 

Not  leastoftheeventsof  the  occasion,  was  the 
Mock  Battle  ou  the  night  of  the  first  day,  in 
which  a  portion  of  the  military  in  the  fort,  met 
a  force  of  five  tribes  of  Indians  banded  together 
outside  under  their  chosen  Tecumseh,  which 
was  witnessed  by  an  immense  throng  of  spec- 
tators. The  following  public  account  of  the 
engagement  was  written  by  Geo.  Dawson,  then 
the  editor  of  the  Detroit  Advertiser,  and  for 
many  years  thereafter  the  profirietor  of  the 
Albany  Evening  Journal : 

The  old  battleground,  on  the  night  of  the  10th  pre- 
.sented  a  scene  worth  a  journey  of  a  tliousand  miles 
to  see.  During  the  day  Major  Fay's  Buffalo  detach- 
ment pitched  their  snowy  tents  on  the  Old  Fort,  and 
planted  their  standards  "  on  the  outer  walls."  Their 
beautiful  brass  war-dog  breathed  defiance  to  the  Brit- 
ish batteries  of  Fort  Miami  across  the  River.  The 
Cleveland  Grays  displayed  a  similar  encampment  at 
an  equally  commanding  position  on  Fort  Meigs,  and 
their  flag  was  unfurled  over  the  mar(juee  of  Col.  In- 
graham.  The  Toledo  Guards  also  arrived,  and  the 
Old  Fort  again  exhibited  all  the 

**  Pride,  pomp  and  circumstance  of  glorious  -war." 

As  evening  came  on,  who  could  describe  the  en- 
campment ?  The  bivouac  of  an  army  with  bannere 
was  presented.  The  Fort  itself  was  a  mass  of  life 
and  splendor,  and  the  low,  sparse  greenwood  adja- 
cent was  brilliant  in  every  direction  with  watch-fires, 
and  picturesque  with  tents,  Hags  and  banners.  The 
patriotic  shout  and  song  went  up  from  thousands  of 
freemen  preparing  to  sojourn  for  the  night  on  grounds 
hallowed  by  deeds  of  deathless  renown.  From  still 
farther  in  the  woods  the  whoop  of  the  savage  was  oc- 
casionally heard  ;  for  there  five  tribes  had  banded 
under  the  brave  Tecumseh,  preparing  wigwams, 
kindled  a  council  fire,  and  were  concerting  an  attack 
of  extermination  on  the  Fort  that  night.  Heaven's 
arch  above  was  clear,  bright  and  glorious.  The 
meeting  for  speaking  had  held  till  midnight,  when 
suddenly  was  heard  the  alarm  drum,  the  trumpet's 
clangor,  the  savage  yell,  the  rifle's  crack,  the  blazing 
musketry,  and  the  cannon's  roar.  The  firing  com- 
menced with  a  few  scattering  shots  from  the  picket- 
guards.  In  a  moment  the  sharp  crack  of  an  Indian 
rifle  was  heard  from  the  adjoining  thicket.  At  first 
the  reports  were  scattered  and  infrequent,  but  mo- 
mentarily became  more  frequent.     Very  soon  a  lire 


was  opened  from  the  lower  part  of  the  Fort  by  the 
musketry,  aroused  and  gathered  by  the  first  shot  of 
the  guard.  Then  were  heard  volleys  of  musketry 
from  the  upper  part  of  the  battery,  opposite  which 
point  the  sharp  crack  of  the  Indian  rifle  had  also  been 
heard.  Volleys  were  regular,  whole  companies  firing 
at  once ;  but  soon  the  order  was  given  to  load  and 
fire  as  rapidly  as  possible,  when  the  air  rang  with 
continuous  cracking  of  musketry  for  several  minutes. 
Then  were  "let  slip  the  dogs  of  war."  The  heavy 
crash  of  the  cannon  added  sublimely  to  the  scene, 
and  as  the  din  of  small  arms  increased,  and  the  report 
of  cannon  Isecame  more  frequent,  and  the  shouts  of 
the  soldiery  were  heard  above  the  thumler  of  roaring 
artillery,  it  was  ditficult  to  keep  off  the  impression 
that  we  were  in  confiict  with  the  foe,  and  that  Fort 
Meigs  was  again  the  scene  of  deadly  strife.  The  illu- 
sion was  perfect  and  the  scene  sublime.  The  lighting 
up  of  the  heavens  by  the  quick  flashes  from  the  small 
arms  ;  the  thick  .smoke  w  hich  rolled  out  from  the 
cannon's  mouth  ;  the  rushing  soldiery  as  they  changed 
position  to  repel  the  attacks  of  the  a.ssailants ;  the 
burnished  musket,  as  it  cast  back  the  reflections  of 
the  moonbeams,  presented  a  spectacle  really  magnifi- 
cent. And  when  to  it  is  addeil  the  cheers  of  the  vast 
multitude  gathered  to  witness  the  siege,  the  echo  of 
the  cannon's  roar,  as  it  bounde<l  from  hill  to  hill,  and 
made  the  forest  vocal  with  its  power,  and  the  occa- 
sional sound  of  bugle  and  drum,  the  reader  may  form 
a  faint  conception  of  tlie  real  splendor  of  the /"/<■.  It 
was  certainly  well  gotten  up,  well  nuiuaged  and  well 
executed.  It  will  be  rememjjcred  as  one  of  the  most 
agreeable  pastimes  of  this  glorious  and  never-to-be- 
forgotten  gathering  of  the  people. 

We  understand  that  after  open  hostilities  hail 
ceased,  the  Indians  .stole  into  the  Fort  and  captured 
three  standards  and  a  sentinel.  The  alarm  was  given 
and  the  enemy  driven  from  tlie  Fort.  Two  Indians 
were  taken  in  the  skirmish.  In  the  morning  an  ex- 
change of  prisoners  was  made,  according  to  the  usages 
of  war,  the  calumet  of  peace  smoked  and  the  hatchet 
against  Old  Tip  buried  forever. 

The  following  touching  and  beautiful  song, 
set  to  the  tune,  ''Oh,  Lonely  is  the  Forest 
Sliade,"  was  written  for  this  occasion  by  a 
"  Soldier  who  fought  there  :" 

Oh.  lonely  is  the  old  green  Fort, 

Where  oft  in  days  of  old. 
Our  gallant  Soldier.*  bravely  fought, 

'Gainst  savage  allies  bold. 

But  with  the  chauge  of  years  have  passed 

That  unreleniiug  foe, 
since  we  fought  here  with  Harrison, 

A  long  time  ago. 

It  seems  but  yesterday,  1  heard 

From  yonder  thiclset  nigh. 
The  unerring  rifle's  sharp  report. 

The  Indian's  startling  cry. 

Von  brooklet  flowing  at  our  feet, 

With  crimson  gore  did  flow. 
When  we  fought  here  with  Harrison, 

\  long  time  ago. 

The  River  flows  between  it«  banks, 

As  when,  of  old,  we  came — 
Each  grassy  path,  each  shady  nook. 

Seems  tome  still  the  same! 

But  we  are  scattered  now,  whose  faith 

Pledged  here  through  weal  or  woe, 
With  Harrison  our  soil  to  guard, 

.V  long  time  ago. 

And  many  a  Soldier's  lip  is  mute. 

And  clouded  many  a  l)row: 
And  hearts  that  beat  for  honor  then, 

Have  ceased  their  throbbing  now. 

We  ne'er  shall  meet  again  in  life. 

As  then  we  met.  I  trow. 
When  we  fought  here  with  Harrison, 

A  long  time  ago. 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


337 


On  his  return  from  Perrj-sburg,  General 
Harrison,  pursuant  to  the  invitation  of  the  cit- 
izens of  Toledo,  made  a  short  stoji  there.  He 
was  escorted  from  the  landing  to  tiie  American 
Hotel,  where  he  received  the  calls  and  con- 
gratulations of  those  who  had  not  previously 
an  opportunity  of  taking  him  by  tlie  hand. 
The  reception  at  the  landing  was  enthusiastic, 
while  his  escort  to  the  hotel  by  the  military, 
under  Generals  Chase  and  Dodd,  and  their 
staffs,  and  the  Toledo  Guards,  under  Captain 
Hill,  was  creditable.  The  Blade's  report  said  : 
''  After  receiving  the  calls  of  all  who  desired  an 
introduction,  which  was  conducted  in  an  easy, 
gentlemanly  and  dignified  manner  by  our 
worthy  and  excellent  Mayor,  M.  II.  Tilden, 
Esq.,  the  General  was  escorted  back  to  the 
Boat,  and  took  his  departure  about  12  o'clock 
M.,  amidst  the  deafening  cheers  of  a  multitude 
of  people  who  had  a.ssembled  on  the  bank  of 
the  River  to  witness  the  departure  of  him  upon 
whom  many  in  the  crowd  hooked  as  the  last 
hope  of  the  Eepublic." 

A  call  ajipeared  in  Ju[y,  1840,  for  a  meeting 
of  those  Democratic  electors  in  Lucas  County, 
wiio  had  thus  far  supported  the  Democratic 
jiartj-,  but  were  willing  to  vote  for  Harrison. 
The  call  was  signed  by  Andrew  Palmer,  C.  I. 
Keeler,  Jr.,  E.  B.  Dodd,  Edward  Bissell,  Wm. 
S.  Gaylord,  John  Goettell,  John  Mosher,  Chas. 
McLean,  Samuel  Allen,  Leverett  Bissell,  B.  F. 
Sticknej^  John  Divine,  J.  \V.  B.  Hyatt,  Stephen 
Sawder,  B.  F.  Snow,  Henry  Trask,  Dorus  Du- 
senbury,  Jos.  Chambers.  This  meeting  was 
held  August  8,  when  a  "  Democratic  Reform 
Club"  was  organized. 

The  Port  Meigs  Tippecanoe  Club  (Perrys- 
burg),  Henry  Bennett,  Secretary,  announced 
arrangements  for  an  excursion  by  the  Steam- 
boat Commodore  Perry,  Captain  David  Wilki- 
son,  to  the  Perry's  Victory  celebration  at  Erie, 
Pennsylvania,  Sejitember  10, 1840 — fare  §o,  for 
the  round  trip — meals  25  cents  each.  The  To- 
ledo Guards  went  to  this  celebration,  and 
adopted  resolutions  of  thanks  for  courtesies  ex- 
tended them — Dan.  Segur,  President,  and 
Charles  B.  Phillips,  Secretary. 

This  extraordinary  campaign,  as  decisive  in 
its  general  results  as  it  was  remarkable  in  its 
character,  closed  with  the  complete  success  of 
the  Whigs,  who  elected  General  Harrison  as 
President  and  John  Tj'ler  as  Vice-President, 
by  an  electoral  vote  of  234,  to  (JO  for  Martin 
Van  Buren  for  President,  and  for  Richard  M. 
Johnson  for  Vice-President.  Ohio  gave  Har- 
rison a  majority  of  23,375,  his  majority  in  Lucas 
County  being  415. 

It  is*  proper  here  to  state,  that  the  predomi- 
nance of  Whig  record  in  this  connection,  is 
largely  due  to  the  fact,  that  none  but  Whig 
papers  were  published  in  this  County  until 
1841.  Consequently.  Democratic  record  is  very 
meagre.  There  was  then  a  Democratic  organ- 
ization,   active   and   earnest,   and   embracing 


many  prominent  citizens,  sotuc  of  whoso  namos 
appear. 

1841. 

The  result  of  (he  Toledo  election,  Mar<h  1, 
1841,  was  a  Whig  success,  in  the  choice  of  tli(! 
tbllowiiig  officers:  Mayor,  Myron  H.  Tilden; 
Treasurer,  II.  (i.  Cozzons  ;  Marshal,  .lohii  (Joet- 
tell.  This  was  the  Whig  ticket.  The  Demo- 
cratic ticket  was  as  follows:  Mayoi-,  Richard 
Mott;  Treswurer,  Peter  Palmer;  Marshal,  O. 
W.  Wh.itniore. 

March  4,  1841,  the  Whig  Administration  was 
installed,  with  much  glee  and  hope  on  the  part 
ofits  friends,  who  expected  much  of  ])artisan 
advantage,  as  well  as  much  jjublic  good  from 
the  change  then  made.  The  more  promptly  to 
render  the  relief  which  the  condition  of  the 
countrj-  needed.  President  Harrison,  Mai'ch 
17th,  called  an  extra  session  of  Congress,  to 
consider  financial  questions,  and  to  meet  May 
31st.  On  the  4th  of  A|)ril,  the  new  Adminis- 
tration, 80  ho])eful  and  so  strong  in  the  public 
sympathy,  was  suddeidy  dosed  by  the  death 
of  President  Harrison  ;  when  V'^ice-President 
Tyler  succeeded.  At  the  extra  session  of  Con. 
gress,  the  several  financial  questions  were  acted 
upon,  and  it  soon  became  evident  that  between 
that  body  and  the  President,  there  was  an 
antagonism  in  policy  which  was  irreconcilable. 
This  was  clearly  shown  in  the  veto  of  two  bills 
for  a  United  States  Bank  passed  by  Congress, 
and  other  evidences  of  antagonism,  including 
the  resignation  of  every  member  of  the  ( 'abinel, 
the  Secretary  of  State  (Daniel  Webster)  ex- 
cejjted.  The  result  was  di.sastrous  to  the 
Whigs  as  a  party,  inasmuch  as  they  lost  the 
prestige  of  Executive  power  and  patronage, 
which  soon  were  employed  for  building  up  a 
personal  party,  in  the  interest  of  President 
Tyler — a  movement  which  was  no  more  success- 
ful, than  have  been  different  similar  ventures  in 
later  years.  President  Tyler  had  been  a  Dem- 
ocrat, butwas  a  member  of  the  Whig  Conven- 
tion, and  there  supported  the  nomination  of 
Mr.  Clay,  and  was  selecteil  for  ^'ice-Presillenl 
in  recognition  of  Mr.  Clay's  claims  to  consi<l- 
eration.  This  operated  to  make  even  more 
bitter  the  feeling  of  Mr.  Clay's  friends  toward 
the  President.  As  might  be  sui)posed,  Tole<lo, 
with  mo.st  other  Towns  in  the  country,  had  its 
"  Tyler  party,"  and  "  Tyler  meetings."  Of  the 
latter  the  Blade  of  November  25,  is42,  had  a 
report,  which  is  of  historical  interest.  There- 
port  was,  that  the  Postmaster  and  another  man 
constituted  the  "  meeting,"  the  one  acting  as 
Chairman  and  the  other  as  Secretary.  It  .seems 
they  found  little  difliculty  in  tran.sacling  the 
business  of  the  occasion.  But  when  the  time 
for  adjournment  arrived,  the  true  situation  was 
revealed.  The  Secretary  made  a  motion  to 
adjourn,  which  the  Chairman  could  not  con- 
sistently put,  for  the  reason  that  it  met  with 
no  second  ;  and  as  there  was  no  one  who  could 


338 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


second  the  motion,  the  dilemma  was  serious. 
The  Secretary  be.sged  that  the  Chair  "under 
the  circumstances'^ waive  his  scruples  on  par- 
liamentary law,  but  he  was  inflexible.  Thus  tied 
up,  the  "  meeting  "  passed  a  cold  and  solitary 
night,  and  were  "relieved  in  the  morning  only 
when,  hearing  footsteps  on  the  sidewalk,  they 
called  in  the  passer-by,  explained  to  him 
their  distress,  and  promised  that  he  should 
have  an  office,  if  he  would  then  second  the 
motion  to  adjourn,  attend  another  "  Tyler 
meeting  "  the  Saturday  following,  and  there 
render  like  service.  Out  of  sympathy 
for  the  prisoners  of  ]iarliamentary  law, 
as  much  as  from  hope  of  office,  he  complied 
with  the  request,  and  the  "  large  and  respecta- 
ble meeting  of  the  friends  of  President  Tyler 
in  Toledo,"  was  released.  This  may  bean  ex- 
aggerated report,  in  some  re-spects,  but  the  real 
record  of  the  "  Tyler  party  "  makes  it  a  plausi- 
ble one. 

Political  matters  in  Lucas  County  at  once 
became  "  mixed."  The  Whig  ticket  for  1841, 
was  as  follows  : 

For  Sheriflf,  Daniel  Segur  ;  Auditor,  Cyrus 
Fisher;  Treasurer,  Horace  Thacher  ;  Eecorder, 
Junius  Flagg;*  Commissioner,  John  Pray; 
Prosecuting  Attorney,  Caleb  F.  Abbott;* 
Coroner,  David  B.  Mooney  ;  Surveyor,  William 
Martin.*  What  was  known  as  the  "  Union 
ticket  " — made  up  of  Democrats  and  "  Tyler 
Whigs" — was  as  follows:  For  Sheriff,  E.  S. 
Frost  ;*  Auditor,  Urial  Spencer  ;*  Treasurer, 
John  U.  Pease;*  Eecorder,  Luther  Dodge; 
Commissioner,  Alfred  C.  Hough  ;*  Prosecuting 
Attorney,  James  M.  Coffinbury;  Coroner,  Eli 
Kitts;*  Sutveyor,  M.  D.  Hibbard.  Messrs.  Pease, 
Frost,  Hough  and  Hibbard  were  Democrats  ; 
and  Messrs.  Spencer,  Dodge  and  Coffinbury, 
Whigs.  Those  indicated  by  a  star  (*)  were 
elected. 

The  Legislative  District  tickets  for  Lucas 
County,  were  as  follows  :  Democratic— For 
Senator,  Dr.  Jacob  Clark  ;  Eepresentatives, 
James  B.  Steedman,  of  Henry  County,  John 
W.  Waters.  Whig  candidates — Senator,  Eobt. 
A.  Forsyth,  of  Maumee  City.  Eepresentatives 
— John  F.  Hinkle  and  Calvin  T.  Pomeroy. 
The  Democrats  were  elected. 

The  Democrats  of  the  County  held  a  Con- 
vention November  30, 1841,  to  select  delegates 
to  a  State  Convention.  Ex- Judge  David  Higgins 
(then  practicing  law  at  Maumee  City),  was  the 
President,  and  Charles  I.  Scott,  Secretary. 
The  following  named  delegates  were  chosen  : 

John  E.  Hunt,  Dr.  Jacob  Clark,  David  Higgins, 
Daniel  O.  Morton,  James  Myers,  E.  S.  Frost,  Plinj' 
Hoagland,  Horace  Green,  Sam.  B.  Scott,  Tliomas 
Clark  2d,  Peter  Palmer,  James  Vickers,  John  K. 
Bond,  Samuel  Jay,  Daniel  Williams,  A.  G.  Hibbard, 
David  Smith,  Lyman  Wheeler,  D.  C.  Middleton, 
Paul  Hawes,  John  Kendall,  M.  D.  Hibbard,  Daniel 
Chase,  Elijah  Porter,  Jona.  Barnes,  Daniel  Swift,  R. 
Hastings,  J.  H.  Forsyth,  P.  0.  Mosher,  Luther  Whit- 
more,  A.   C.   Hough,  William   Prentice,  James  Mc- 


Cabe,  D.  B.  Mooney,  Francis  L.  Nichols,  J.  Young, 
James  Egnew,  John  Spencer,  J.  Van  Fleet,  John 
Fitch,  C.  I.  Scott,  Richard  Mott,  Asahel  Beals,  J. 
Printup,  John  V.  Pease,  J.  Hibbard,  L.  B.  Lathrop, 
C.  H.  Ryder,  John  W.  Collins,  Jared  Cotherell,  E.  S. 
Dodd,  Jes.se  Browning,  Dr.  James  L.  Ch;»se,  Daniel 
Durgin,  M.  S.  Van  Fleet. 

1842. 

The  political  campaign  of  1842  in  Ohio,  was 
mainly  distinguished  for  the  long  and  bitter 
contest  over  the  apportionment  of  the  State 
into  Congressional  Districts  under  the  census 
of  1840."  The  Democrats  had  a  majority  in 
both  branches  of  the  Legislature,  and  had  jire- 
jiared  an  apportionment  bill,  to  which  the 
Whig  minority  took  most  determined  excep- 
tion. After  a  long  and  bitter  contest,  the 
Democrats  persisting  in  their  measure,  the 
Whig  members,  as  the  onl^'  means  left  them  to 
defeat  the  bill,  resolved  to  resign  their  seats  in 
a  body,  and  thus  break  up  the  Legislature,  and 
appeal  to  the  people  in  a  new  election. 
This  they  did  in  August,  and  issued  an  address 
to  the  people  setting  forth  their  grievance. 
The  style  of  apportionment  of  which  they  com- 
plained, was  then  and  still  is  known  as  "Gerry- 
mandering " — taking  its  name  from  an  alleged 
unfair  apportionment  of  Massachusetts  at  an 
early  date,  under  the  auspices  of  Elbridge 
Gerry,  one  of  the  signers  of  the  Declaration  of 
Independence.  Another  term  quite  freely  used 
by  the  Whigs,  was  "  Tin-Pan,"  which  referred 
to  the  Legislative  caucus  of  the  Democratic 
members,  to  which  all  political  matters  were 
referred,  and  the  decisions  of  which  were 
rigidly  enforced.  The  style  of  campaigning  to 
which  that  contest  led,  is  shown  by  the  call 
issued  by  the  Whig  Central  Committee  of 
Lucas  County,  September  5,  1842,  for  a  Mass 
Meeting.     It  was  as  follows : 

RALLY,  WHIGS,  AND    KILL   THE    MONSTER! 

"  FIK.ST,    LOOK    ON   THIS    PICTURE" — 


Sixteaith  Congirssimial  District  (extending  about  250 
miles  along  the  Ohio  River). 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


.■?30 


AND    THEN'    ON    THIS  ! 


The  Gerrj/nuiiidcr. 

The  (lERKYMANDER,  delineated  above,  is  a  rare 
animal  of  the  genus  Locofoco.*  He  was  discovered 
in  the  "  Tin-Pan,"'  at  Columbus,  on  the  10th  of  last 
month,  where  Byington  &  Co.  had  got  him  so  trained 
that  he  could  destroy  annually,  for  ten  years  to  come, 
from  twenty-five  to  thirty  thoi'Sand  Whig  votes, 
and  thus  secure  to  the  Locofocos  for  that  time,  though 
vastly  in  the  minority. /ourtecn  of  the  twenty-one 
members  of  Congress  !  1  As  soon  as  the  intentions  of 
his  keepers  were  known,  the  Whig  members  of  the 
Legislature  gave  chase  to  the  "  Varmint,"  and  com- 
menced a  fire  of  hot  shot  upon  the  whole  menagerie. 
His  keepers  we're  routed,  and  the  Gerrymander, 
severely  crippled,  was  taken,  and  now  awaits  the  sen- 
tence of  the  People.     Here  is  a 

SPECIMEN   OP   BYINGTON  A  CO.'s   GERRYMANDERING  : 


A  Whig  Dhtrict  {16th.] 


Washington 20,823 

Athens -- 19,109 

Meigs 11,4-52 

Gallia ----  13,414 

Lawrence 9,738 

Scioto -  11.192 

Po)iulation 85,758 

Whig  Majority 3,440 


A  Locofoco  DistricI  (,4th.) 


Stark ,34.603 

Tuscarawas 25,631 

Population 60,234 

Locofoco  Majority...       163 


The  Whig  District  (a  map  of  which  may  be  seen 
above)  has  a  population  of  more  than  1.5,(100  above 
the  ratio  ;  while  the  Locofoco  District  is  more  than 
10,000  beiow  the  ratio !  And  this  is  done  by  those 
who  prate  about  "  Equal  Rights  "  and  "  Democracy." 
Out  upon  such  Hypocrites  !     Whigs  of  Lucas !     Let 

*The  term  "  Locofoco,"  was  in  common  use  in  this 
country  for  several  years,  being  applied  to  the  Demo- 
cratic party  by  the  Whigs.  It  was  the  original  name 
given  to  friction  matches.  In  1.S34,  it  was  sportively 
applied  to  the  extreme  portion  of  the  Democratic 
party  in  New  York,  because  at  a  meeting  in  Tam- 
many Hall,  at  which  there  was  great  diversity  of 
sentiment,  the  Chairman  left  his  seat  and  the  lights 
were  extinguished  with  a  view  to  dissolve  the  meet- 
ing ;  when  those  in  favor  of  extreme  measures  pro- 
duced "  Locofoco  "  matches,  relighted  the  room,  con- 
tinued the  meeting  and  accomplished  their  object. 
From  such  application  the  use  of  the  term  was  ex- 
tended until  it  came  to  be  applied  to  the  entire 
Democratic  party. 


us  have  a  Mass  Meeting  at  the  House  of  David  Mills, 
in  Swanton, 

ON   SATURDAY,    THE    ITtH    INST.,    AT    10    A.  M. 

And  try,  like  good  citizens  and  nul  Democrats,  to 
kill  this  monster  of  a  Gerrymander.  Several  .Stump 
Speakers  are  expected  to  be" present,  and  among  them , 

NATHANIEt,    B.    ADAMS    ANT)   ,1AMKS    DUKllIN, 

Whig  candidates  for  the  I>egislature  from  this  Dis- 
trict, nill  be  present  to  speak  to  the  Peo]ile  and  learn 
their  wishes.  Come  u]),  then,  one  and  all  — Farmers, 
Mechanics,  Merchant.s  and  Professional  Men  and 
let  nscounsel  together.  Friends  of  Clay  and  C'orwin, 
turn  out.  and  organize  for  the  coming  eli'ction  I 
AROCSE,  WHIGS!  and  make  one  more  struggle  for 
the  election  of  honest  men,  the  a.scendancy  of  correct 
principles  and  the  |iayinent of  the  Contractors  and 
Laborers  on  the  Public  Works  !  Delegates  are  to  he 
appointed  to  attend  a  Whig  Mass  Convention  at 
Tiffin,  in  Seneca  Countv,  on  Friday,  the  -'.'A  instant, 
where  TOM  CORWIN,"the  Wagoner  Boy,"T()M 
EWIXG,  "the  Salt  Boiler,"  and  many  other  i>ninii- 
nent  Whig  Speakers,  will  be  present  and  aildress  the 
People.  Rally,  Whigs!  Rally  as  you  did  in  1S40, 
and  all  will  lie  well. 

M.  R.  Waite, 
C.  Matthews, 
S.  L.  Collins, 
Dan.  .Segcr, 
('has.  W.  Hill, 
Wliig  Ci'ulml  CommiUce. 
September  5,  1842. 

This  matterwould  hardly  be  coinjilelc,  with- 
out the  characteristic  description  ot  tiic  "(ierry- 
raander,"  by  the  ^Vliig  Poet  of  tlio  time,  .iolin 
Greiner,  w'ho,  for  many  years, bore  a  proiniiicnl 
j)art  in  political  campaigns  in  Ohio  : 

THE   GERRYMANDER; 
on  the  ani.mals  stirred  ui'  with  a  long  pole. 

TvfiE— Rosin  the  Bow. 

Come  all  ye  Young  Whigs  of  Ohio, 

All  ye,  who  are  curious  to  see 
The  Wonderful  Worlts  of  Creation, 
Composing  the  Mena(;ekik. 

Holmes.  Summit  and  Wayue  in  this  tigure. 

Display  all  the  forms  of  a  CiCAii., 
Escaped  from  the  bands  of  its  lieeper 

And  tied  with  the  lo.ss  of  its  tail. 

HereFranlilin,  Champaii^n  and  Miami, 

With  Logan  ami  Maili.^(»n,  too: 
A  sprightly  and  t>cautilnl  creature. 

Is  this  same  little  Ka.nuakoo. 

Old  Ross,  Adams,  .lackson  and  Hocking, 
Would  make  a  Greyhound  without  fall, 

And  Pike,  the  strong-hold  of  the  Locos, 
Lies  snug  at  the  root  of  the  taiL 

Washington,  Scioto  and  Lawrence, 
(Be  sober,  ye  W^higs,  aucl  don't  laugh). 

With  Gallia,  Meigs  and  Old  .\thens, 
Present  to  your  view  a  Giraffk. 

There's  Morgan,  and  Perry  and  Licking, 

Into  Congress  one  Toiilor  to  help. 
In  which  you  see  j>laiuly  out-sticking 

The  form  of  a  huge  \Vater-Wiiei.i". 

In  Delaware,  Kno.x  and  Coshocton, 

We  surely  discern  a  great  Whale. 
If  the  geniiis  of  man  can  concoct  one 

Complete,  with  head,  body  and  lail. 

In  Marion.  Richland  and  Union. 

A  Torpedo's  shape  is  displayed, 
Where  Locos  enjoyed  sweet  communion. 

And  thought  to  live  long  "  in  the  shade." 


340 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Cuyahoga,  with  Lake,  Ashtabula, 

A  Crocodile  on  Erie's  shore— 
A  collection  of  "  Varmints,"  this,  truly, 

Whose  like  ha.s  been  seen  ne'er  before. 

The  result  of  the  vote  in  Lucas  County  in 
1842,  was  as  follo-ws  : 

Governor— Corwin  (Whig),  805;  Shannon  (Demo- 
crat), (iOii ;  Lewis  King  (Anti-Slavery),  3.  The  Whigs 
had  about  L'OO  majoritj-  on  their  whole  ticket.  Horace 
VVaite,  of  Maumee,  was  elected  Commissioner,  over 
James  McCabe ;  and  James  M.  Whitney,  James 
Trowbridge  and  James  Wilkison,  Directors  of  the 
Poor,  over  Peter  H.  Shaw,  Andrew  Printupand  Wm. 
Limbrick.  James  B.  Steedman  and  Gilman  C.  Mud- 
get  ( Democrats)  were  elected  in  the  Representative 
District. 

The  Blade  announced  the  result  in  the  State 
with  th  is  introduction  : 

"  The  Old  Coon  is  Dead  !  that '  same  Old  Coon  ' 
i.s  dead,  at  last !     We  are  completely  used  up !  " 

The  Democrats  gained  largely  through  the 
Whig  resignations,  and  had  a  larger  majority 
in  the  Legislature  than  before;  while  Wilson 
Shannon  was  elected  Governor,  over  Corwin, 
by  3,3-1:3  majority',  against  Corwin's  majoritj-  of 
16,130  over  him"in  1840.  So, the  "  Gerryman- 
der Monster  "  was  not  "killed  "  by  Whig  rash- 
ness, but  lived  through  his  appointed  decade  of 
life. 

1843. 

The  Whigs  held  their  County  Convention 
August  10,  1843,  with  B.  F.  Stickney  as  Presi- 
dent, and  C.  Matthews  as  Secretary.  The  fol- 
lowing delegates  were  present  from  the  Town- 
ships named : 

Springfield— A.  U.  Hamilton,  Harvey  Kellogg, 
Herbert  Holloway,  Jacob  Knaggy,  A.  H.  Drummond, 
Thomas  Wood,  Samuel  Divine,  John  Wilsey,  John 
Burdo.  Richfield — Isaac  Washburn,  Pliny  Sander- 
son, Marcus  Burnett.  Waterville — H.  J".  Curtiss. 
Waynesfield — James  Wilkison,  F.  E.  Kirtland,  C.  A. 
Lamb,  U.  Spencer,  Henry  Reed,  Jr.,  H.  F.  Waite, 
George  Richardson,  0.  Matthews.  Port  Lawrence — 
George  B.  Way,  0.  M.  Dorr,  C.  W.  Hill,  S.  B.  Com- 
■stock,  D.  McBain,  B.  F.  Stickney,  Edson  Allen,  C.  G. 
Keeler.  Washington — G.  G.  Shaw.  Manhattan — 
Wni.  Martin,  1.  S.  Parker. 

A  second  County  Convention  September 
20th,  of  which  Horace  Waite  was  President  and 
A.  W.  Fairbanks  and  O.  Johnson,  Secretaries, 
nominated  a  County  ticket. 

The  vote  of  Lucas  County,  in  October,  1843, 
•was  as  follows  : 

Congress— M.  H.  Tilden,  697  ;  E.  D.  Potter,  6.33. 
Senator— J.  G.  Sackett,  752;  J.  W.  Waters,  561.  Rep- 
resentative— Wm.  Sheffield,  757  ;  S.  S.  Sprague,  564. 
Sheritr- C.  G.  Shaw,  493;  E.  S.  Frost,  813.  Auditor— 
IJrial  Spencer,  940  ;  Samuel  Durgin,  402.  Treasurer — 
F.  E.  Kirtland,  549  ;  M.  H.  Butler,  279  ;  John  U. 
Pease,*  .504.  Commissioner- Galen  B.  Abell,  331  ; 
Arunah  Lathrop,  439 ;  Lyman  Haughton,*  275. 
Coroner — John  Hamilton,  740;  Matthias  Van  Fleet, 
673  ;  G.  G.  Keeler,  96.  Prosecuting  Attorney— J.  M. 
CofBnbury,  725;  Frank  Johnson,  716.  Poor  Direc- 
tors—James Trowbridge,  762  ;  John  W.  Collins,  520  ; 


Lyman  Parcber,*  73.  (The  first  named  were  Whigs, 
the  second  Democratic,  and  those  marked  with  a  star 
(*)  independent  candidates.) 

The  Blade  spoke  of  the  result  as  a  "  defeat, 
disgraceful  to  the  Whig  party,"  the  editor  feel- 
ing "  angry,  dispirited,  humiliated."  Judge 
Potter  was  elected  to  Congress  over  Mr.  Tilden 
by  1,015  majority. 

1844. 

The  campaign  of  1844  was  made  memorable 
by  both  the  candidates  and  the  issues  involved. 
The  Whigs  nominated  Henry  Cla}',  then  that 
partj^'s  favorite  leader;  while  the  Democrats, 
rejecting  Mr.  Van  Buren,  on  the  ground  of  his 
opposition  to  the  annexation  of  Texas — had  se- 
lected James  K.  Polk.  The  two  main  issues  of 
the  canvass,  were  the  Tariff  and  the  annexation 
of  Texas  to  the  Union,  that  then  being  an  in- 
dependent Nation.  The  Whigs  supported,  and 
the  Democrats  opjwsed,  the  policy  of  Protection 
in  the  levy  of  import  duties  ;  while  the  former 
opposed,  and  the  latter  fiivored,  the  admission  of 
Texas.  The  campaign,  while  lacking  in  degree 
the  more  distinctive  features  of  that  of  1840, 
partook  somewhat  of  its  enthusiasm,  while  in 
partisan  bitterness  it  e'xceeded  its  predecessoi'. 
The  important  question  of  the  Tariff,  before  or 
since,  has  not  been  as  thoroughlj'  discussed,  as 
it  was  at  that  time — a  fact  largely  due  to  the 
candidacy  of  Mr.  Clay,  known  as  the  "father 
of  the  American  System."  That  gentleman 
found  his  chief  embarrassment  with  the  Texas 
question,  in  consequence  of  the  recognized  fact 
that  the  annexation  of  that  Nation  was  sought 
in  the  interest  of  the  South,  as  means  for  main- 
taining the  political  power  of  that  section  in 
tiie  Government.  Himself  a  Southern  man, 
Mr.  Clay  found  it  difficult,  wMiile  opposing  an- 
nexation, to  avoid  a  seeming  indifference  to  the 
will  or  interest  of  the  South.  In  order  to  re- 
lieve himself  of  such  embarrassment,  it  was, 
that  he  wrote  his  celebrated  letter  of  July  1, 
1844,  in  ■svhieh  ho  used  the  words ;  "  Personally, 
I  have  no  objection  to  the  annexation  of  Texas; 
but  I  certainly  would  not  be  willing  to  see  the 
Union  dissolved  or  seriouslj^  jeopardized,  for  the 
sake  of  acquiring  Texas."  This  sentence,  as 
the  occasion,  far  more  than  as  a  just  cause,  of 
accusation  of  double-dealing  with  the  question, 
may  have  been  the  turning  point  of  Mr.  Clay's 
candidacy.  Being  used  as  evidence  of  real 
sympathy  on  his  part  with  annexation,  it  is 
probable  that  the  State  of  New  York,  from  that 
cause,  was  lost  to  him,  and  with  that  the  Pi-es- 
idency— Polk's  plurality  there  being  only 
5,106;  while  James  G.  Biruey  (Anti-Slavery) 
received  15,812  votes,  an  increase  of  13,004  over 
his  vote  in  1840,  which  increase  was  believed 
to  be  due  mainly  to  the  apprehension  on  the 
part  of  Anti-Slavery  Whigs,  that  Mr.  Clay  was 
"  personally"  favorable,  if  not  to  the  annexa- 
tion of  Texas,  at  least  to  the  strengthening  of 
the  Slave-holding  power  in  the  Government. 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


341 


It  would  certainly  be  a  remarkable  coincidence 
if  two  words — "personally,"  in  1844,  and  "Eo- 
manism  "  4(1  years  later — should  each  have  de- 
cided a  Presidential  contest,  and  in  each  case 
by  the  change  of  a  few  votes  in  the  State  of 
New  York. 

Encouraged  by  the  signal  success  of  the 
"Log  Cabin  and  Hard  Cider"  campaign  of 
1840,  the  Whigs  naturallj-  were  ready  for  a 
repetition  of  the  same  policy  in  the  Presidential 
contest  of  1844.  While  "the  spirit  of  1840" 
was  yet  with  the  party  leaders  and  earnestness 
among  the  rank  and  file,  the  novelty  of  former 
methods  had  disappeared.  To  vary  tlic  pro- 
gramme, the  "  Coon "  was  made  specially 
prominent  in  1844.  Thus,  the  Whigs  had  a 
favorite  song,  which  was  illustrated  with  the 
following  picture,  and  commenced  witli  the 
words  here  quoted,  to  wit : 


As  I  walked  out  by  de  light  ob  de  moon, 
Merrily  singing  dis  old  tune, 
Dali  I  spydat  same  Old  Coon, 
A  sittin'  on  a  rail. 

A  favorite  picture  with  the  Whig  press 
throughout  the  campaign,  was  one  which  pre- 
sented the  Democratic  emblem  (the  Rooster) 
on  his  back,  with  the  Coon  on  liim  and  "  mak- 
ing the  feathers  fly."  The  result  of  the  cam- 
paign, however,  was  sueii,  tliat  this  picture  was 
not  in  use-after  the  Presidential  election. 

"  The  Hickory  Club  of  Toledo  "  was  organ- 
ized March  27,  1844,  at  the  National  Hotel,  A. 
B.  Waite,  proprietor.  The  Club  had  a  consti- 
tution of  18  sections,  with  7  by-laws  beside. 
Its  declared  object  was  "  to  render  efficient  aid 
to  the  Democratic  party  at  all  times,  prior  to 
and  at  the  next  Presidential  canvass,"  &c.  Its 
officers  were  : 

President,  Lyman  AVheeler ;  1st  Vice-President, 
Edmunil  Fitch  ;  2d  Vice-President,  Clark  H.  Ryder  ; 
Recording  Secretary,  Truman  C.  Everts  ;  Correspond- 
ing Secretary,  D.  O.  Morton ;  Treasurer,  C.  I.  Scott. 
Vigilance  Committee — First  Ward,  S.  B.  Scott,   Pat. 


McCartv,  J.  J.  Voglesang ;  Second  Ward,  Thomas 
Cair,  Ira  L.  Clark,  Charles  Mirtz ;  Third  Ward,  .A. 
(jluin,  A.  Wilk^y,  M.  Slnnuakor.  (Aiiniiiittcc  on  Print- 
ing, Timothy  Tredwull,  (i.  1).  I'aliiier. 

Tlie  first  meeting  for  the  Club,  after  ])erfcct- 
ing  its  organization,  was  in  connection  with 
the  appointment  of  Canal  Collector  at  Toledo. 
It  seems  that  Clark  H.  Kyder  had  served  in 
that  capacity,  and  was  the  choice  of  the  Club 
for  re-appointment  ;  but  the  Hoard  of  i'ublic 
AVorks  had  aj)pointed  Abnor  L.  Backus,  of 
Maumeo  City.  The  matter  was  referred  to  a 
special  committee,  wiiose  report  is  not  given. 

The  following  members  of  the  Ohio  l>egisla- 
ture  were  elected  in  1844  : 

Senators — Lucas,  Wood,  Hancock  and  Ottawa, 
Charles  W.  O'Neal  (VVliig);  Huron  and  Kric,  John  H. 
Osborn  (Whig);  Sandusky,  Seneca  and  Crawford, 
AmosE.  Wood  (Democrat).  Kcprcscntativcs — Lucas, 
Wood,  Hancock  and  Ottawa,  Klijali  nuntiiigt<ni 
(Whig);  Sandusky,  John  Hell  (Democrat);  Seneca, 
Henry  Crouisc  (Democrat);  Huron  anil  Erie,  Benja- 
min Summers  (Whig);  Putnam,  I'aulding,  Williams 
and  Henry,  E.  S.  Dodd  (Democrat). 

One  feature  of  the  campaign  of  1844  in  Lu- 
cas County,  consisted  in  the  selection  of  M.  T{. 
Waite,  Henry  Reed,  Jr.,  C.  W.  Hill  and  Frank 
Johnson,  as  speakers  for  tiie  Whigs,  who  ])ub- 
lished  a  notice,  expressing  their  I'cadincss,  upon 
proper  notice,  to  meet  chamjiions  of  the  Demo- 
cratic cause  in  ])ublic  discussion. 

The  result  of  the  State  election  in  Lucas 
County  in  1844,  was  as  follows  : 

Governor-M.  Bartley,  1,069;  David  Tod.  789; 
Leicester  King,*  12.  Congre.«s — J.  Watson  Riley, 
1,071;  Wm.  Sawyer,  780.  Senator-C.  W.  O'Neal, 
1,065;  W.  V.  Way,  .")22  ;  Richard  Mott,*  2(;o.  Rep- 
resentative— Elijah  Huntington,  1.074;  Daniel  F. 
Cook,  .519 ;  S.  H.  Steedman,  232.  Recorder — Junius 
Flagg,  1,030;  Nathaniel  Leggett,  XOA.  Commissioner 
— Lyman  Parcher,  1,008;  Leonard  Whitmore,  771. 
Surveyor — Wm.  Martin,  1 ,093  ;  Chester  Briggs,  722. 
Poor  Directors — Mavor  Brigham,  1,00)0;  James  Wil- 
kison,  1,000 ;  John  W.  Collins,  777  ;  Jolin  Leonard- 
son,  585.  (The  first  named  were  Whig  candidates, 
the  second  Democratic,  and  those  marked  with  a  star 
(*)  were  independent  candidates.) 

The  vote  of  Toledo  then  stood— -Whig,  184; 
Democratic,  150 ;  Liberty  (Anti-Slaverj'),  2. 
The  vote  of  Lucas  Countj'  was — Whig,  l,0(i9; 
Democratic,  789  ;  Liberty,  12. 

1845. 

The  Whig  County  Convention  for  1845,  was 
held  at  Swanton,  September  27tl),  with  L.  L. 
Morehouse,  of  Waterviile,  for  President,  and 
W.  H.  Hall,  of  ^laumee,  for  Secretary'.  Wm. 
Baker,  H.  'T.  Smith  and  John  C.  Kspy  prepared 
the  resolutions.  Daniel  Segur,  C.  W.  Hill,  F. 
E.  Kirtland,  C.  Matthews,  W.  Pray,  J.  G. 
Klinck  and  W.  Richards,  were  appointed  as 
Central  Committee.  The  result  of  the  election 
in  the  County  was  as  follows  (the  first  names 
being  those  of  Whigs,  and  the  second  of  Dem- 
ocrats): 


342 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Representative — Lyman  Parcher,  964  ;  Eber  Wil- 
son, 540;  Commissioner — Pliny  Lathrop,775;  Daniel 
Swift,  725.  Treasurer — Frederick  E.  Kirtland,  754 ; 
Elisha  S.  Frost,  723.  Auditor— Wm.  F.  Dewey,  S8G  ; 
John  IT.  Pease,  578.  Sheriff— Luther  Dodge,  717  ; 
Alfred  C.  Plough,  704.  Coroner — Edwin  Avery,  X82; 
Jolin  Van  Fleet,  620.  Prosecuting  Attorney — Thomas 
Dunlap,  Jr.,  848  ;  Henry  S.  Coramager,  014.  Infir- 
mary Direcctor— Jessup  W.  Scott,  704 ;  Daniel  B. 
Mooney,  066.  (Mr.  Scott  had  declined  the  nomination 
given  liim.) 

1846. 

The  Whig  District  Convention  was  held  at 
Section  Ten,  Miami  &Ei-ie  Canal,  July  14, 184C, 
of  which  J.  Y.  Sackett,  of  Putnam,  was  Presi- 
dent ;  F.  E.  Kirtland,  of  Lucas,  and  Thomas 
H.  Huzzev,  of  Mercer,  Vice-Presidents;  and 
J.  S.  Oonklin,  of  Shelby,  and  E.  Marot,  of  Allen, 
Secretaries.  Morrison  E.  Waite  was  nominated 
for  Congress.  The  Whig  County  Convention 
was  held  September  2d,  at  Swanton,  with  Major 
B.  F.  Stiekney  as  President,  and  A.  W.  Fair- 
banks and  H.  T.  Smith  as  Secretaries.  A  County 
ticket  was  nominated  and  the  following  Central 
Committee  appointed ;  C.Matthews,  E.  Mack, 
D.  Segur,  L.  L.  Morehouse  and  J.  G.  Klinck. 

The  vote  of  the  County  in  Octobei-  (Whigs 
first.  Democrats  second)  was  as  follows  ; 

Governor— Wm.  Bebb,  1,028;  David  Tod,  740. 
Congress— M.  U.  Waite,  1,042 ;  Wra.  Sawyer,  731. 
Senator— Lyman  Parcher,  1,023  ;  Jesse  Wheeler,  082; 
Representative— Aaron  H.  Bigelow,  1,074  ;  John  Mc- 
Mahan,  063.  Commissioner — L.  L.  Morehouse,  985  ; 
George  W.  Reynolds,  744.  Surveyor — D.  L.  West- 
cott,  1,015  ;  Andrew  Young,  709.  "infirmary  Direc- 
tor—Daniel  Segur,  1,026;  John  U.  Pease,  678.  For 
Samuel  Lewis  (Liberty  candidate  for  Governor) —  six 
votes  in  Waynesfield,  oue  in  AVaterville,  one  in  York 
and  one  in  Chesterfield  (the  latter  two  Townships 
Vjeing  now  in  Fulton  County). 

Mr.  Bebb  was  chosen  Governor,  by  a  vote  of 
118,857,  to  116,489  for  Tod,  and  10,799  for 
Lewis.     Mr.  Sawyer  was  elected  to  Congress. 


1847. 

The  Whigs  held  a  County  Convention  at 
Swanton,  Septembei-  4,  1847,  of  which  (_'.  W. 
Hill  was  President,  and  J.  G.  Klinck,  Secretar}-. 
A  ticket  was  nominated,  and  Elisha  Mack,  D. 
Segur,  L.  L.  Morehouse,  J.  G.  Klinck  and  Ly- 
man Parcher  appointed  a  Central  Committee. 
The  vote  in  October  was  as  follows : 

Representative — John  C.  Spink,  1,045  ;  E.  D.  Pot- 
ter, 826.  Treasurer — L.  Parcher,  968  ;  John  E.  Hunt, 
884.  SheriflF- Elisha  Mack,  1,051  ;  E.  S.  Frost,  840. 
Auditor— W.  F.  Dewey,  1,076;  M.  D.  Hibbard,  806. 
Recorder — Horace  Thacher,  1,025;  Lucien  B.  Latlirop, 
831.  Prosecuting  Attorney— Wm.  H.  Hall,  939;  D. 
O.  Morton,  911.  Commissioner  — Daniel  Knowles, 
1,085;  —  Kendall,  797.  Coroner— Edwin  Averv, 
1,061  ;  Clark  H.  Ryder,  807.  Infirmary  Director— 
Wm.  .St.  Clair,  1,070;  Austin  VVilley,  803.  (First 
names,  Whigs;  second.  Democrats.)  Judge  Potter 
was  elected  Representative. 


1848. 

The  Presidential  camjiaign  of  1848,  was  not 
as  active  as  its  two  immediate  predeecs.sors,  but 
had  the  new  feature  of  a  "third  candidate'' 
(Martin  Van  Buren),  who  ran  as  the  ''  Free 
Soil  "  or  Anti-Slavery  champion,  General 
Zachary  Taylor  being  the  nominee  of  the 
Whigs  and  General  Lewis  Cass  that  of  the 
Democrats.  The  candidacy-  of  Van  Buren  op- 
erated differently  in  different  States.  In  Ohio, 
its  result  was  the  success  of  the  Cass  electors, 
while  New  York  was  by  such  means  given  to 
Taylor,  and  his  election  assured. 

A  County  "Free  Soil''  meeting  held  at  To- 
ledo in  July,  1848,  appointed  25  delegates  to 
the  Buffalo  National  Convention.  Richard 
Mott  was  Chairman,  and  P.  Smith,  Secretary. 
Tlie  following  named  delegates  were  chosen  : 

John  Fitch,  Charles  R.  iMiller,  P.  Smith,  T.  U. 
Bradbury,  John  L^.  Pease,  Deeius  Wadsworth,  M.  H. 
Tilden,  J.  A.  Moonev,  J.  M.  Brigham,  Jacob  Clark,  J. 
E.  Kendall,  Wm.  H"  Newton,  P.  B.  Peckham,  Thos. 
Clark,  2d,  C.  F.  Abbott,  E.  P.  Bas.sett,  Dr.  Isaac  Haz- 
lett,  Lvman  Wheeler,  David  Crane,  Charles  A.  Crane, 
Richard  Mott,  D.  B.  Mooney,  S.  L.  Collins,  E.  H.  Fas- 
sett,  Charles  A.  King. 

The  Whig  Senatorial  Convention  for  Lucas, 
Wood,  Sandusky,  Ottawa  and  Henry  Counties, 
was  held  at  Perrysburg,  of  which  M.  R.  Waite 
was  President,  and  H.  T.  Smith  and  S.  T.  Hos- 
mer.  Secretaries.  Among  the  delegates  present 
were  Sardis  Richard  and  R.  B.  Hayes,  of  San- 
dusky- County. 

The  vote  of  Lucas  county  at  the  State  elec- 
tion, 1848,  was  as  follows  : 

Governor— Seaburv  Ford*.  1,239 ;  J.  B.  Wellerf, 
1,126.  Congress— John  Fitchj,  1,2.34;  E.  D.  Potterj, 
1.082.  Senator — John  C.  Spink*,  1,145;  James 
Myerst,  1,165.  Representative — Harlow  Butler*, 
1,163  ;  Freeborn  Potterf,  1,172.  Commissioner — Pliny 
Lathrop*,  1,1.58 ;  Stephen  Haughtont,  1,182.  Poor 
House  Director — Daniel  Segur*,  1,131 ;  Thos.  Clark, 
2d,t  1,207.  (*  Whigs,  t  Democrats,  j  Free  Soil.) 
The  vote  for  President  stood  ;  Tavlor.  1,298 ;  Cass, 
1,197  ;  Van  Buren,  327. 

As  will  be  seen,  the  "  Free  Soil  "  vote  was 
drawn  most  largely  from  the  Democrats. 

1849. 

The  Whigs  of  Lucas  County  held  a  Conven- 
tion at  Swanton  August  11,  1849,  of  which  M. 
II.  Waite  was  President,  and  H,  T.  Smith,  of 
the  Maumee  River  Times,  and  A.  W.Fairbanks, 
of  the  Toledo  Blade,  Secretaries.  Alter  nomi- 
nating a  County  ticket,  the  Convention  de- 
clared its  views  as  to  Slavery  as  follows  : 

AVhereas,  The  institution  of  Slavery  is  opposed  to 
natural  law',  the  spirit  of  a  Republican  Government 
and  the  tendency  of  the  age ;  therefore. 

Resolved,  That  while  we  recognize  the  right  of  our 
sister  States  to  regulate  their  internal  policy,  as  guar- 
anteed by  the  constitution  of  the  Uuiteil  States,  we 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


343 


regard  Slavery  as  a  grievous  moral,  social  and  politi- 
cal evil,  and  that  the  efforts  of  our  Govcrnuicnt,  both 
State  and  National,  should  be  so  directed  as  to  efleet 
the  entire  eradication  of  the  same  and  its  consequent 
evils  from  our  favored  land. 

The  "  Free  Democi-acy "  of  Toledo  held  a 
meeting  August  11,  1849,  with  David  Crane  as 
Cliairman,  and  John  Fitcli  as  Secretary.  James 
Love,  C.  R.  Miller,  J.  W.  McGee,  and  Alex. 
Henderson  were  appointed  to  select  delegates 
to  a  County  Convention,  and  reported  the  fol- 
lowing : 

.John  Fitch,  James  Love,  Mavor  Brigham,  David 
(^rane,  W.  J.  Kendall,  C.  R.  Miller,  T.  V.  Bradljury, 
J.  W.  McGee,  Edson  Allen,  John  P.  Fi-eeinan,  Si. 
Moonev,  Ale.K.  Henderson,  F.  L.  Nichols,  C.  Drake, 
Pat.  Carey,  A.  B.  Waite,  W.  C.  Sage,  C.  F.  Abbott, 
Ira  F.  Lee,  Andrew  Shurtz,  J.  Jessup,  A.  Case,  B. 
Pfanner,  Decius  Wadsworth,  Benj.  Hobert,  Quinliy 
Church. 

The  "  Free  Democracy  "  held  a  (county  f"on- 
vention  in  Swanton,  August  15, 1S4!I,  with  John 
U.  Pease  as  President,  and  Mavor  Brigham 
and  Don  A.  Pease  Secretaries.  A  Count}- ticket 
was  nominated  and  a  platform  adoj)ted.  The 
latter  declared  Slaverj-  to  be  "  a  moral,  social 
and  political  evil  ;"  and  asserted  that,  without 
the  slightest  interference  with  the  independ- 
ence and  sovereignty  of  the  several  States, 
Congress  ought  to  use  its  constitutional  power 
to  prevent  the  increase,  to  mitigate,  and  finally 
eradicate  the  evils  of  Slavery.  John  U.  Pease, 
John  Fitch,  C.  C.  AUnian,  RIavor  Brigham  and 
Wm.  E.  Parmelee  were  appointed  as  a  Central 
Committee.  The  Democratic  County  Conven- 
tion was  at  the  same  time  in  session  at  Swanton, 
and  conference  was  had  between  the  two  bodies, 
resulting  in  the  adoption  of  a  common  platform 
and  the  choice  of  the  same  ticket. 

The  Lucas  County  Democratic  Convention, 
at  Swanton  (August  15),  had  Andrew  Young 
for  President,  and  Jerome  B.  Myers  and  A.  B. 
Mead  for  Secretaries.  Its  platform  was  the  .same 
as  that  of  the  Free  Democratic  Convention,  and 
adopted  the  same  ticket,  with  the  exception  of 
John  J.  Schnall  for  Survej'or.  The  following 
Central  Committee  were  appointed:  Daniel 
Swift,  T.  C.  Everts,  Andrew  Young,  A.  Lathrop, 
T.  W.  Walker,  E.  Dodd,  A.  C.  Hough. 

The  Whig  candidate  for  Eepresentative  in 
the  State  Legislature  (Lucas  and  Henry  Coun- 
ties) was  Morrison  E.  Waite,  then  of  Maumee 
City.  The  Democratic  candidate  was  Lucien 
B.  Lathrop,  and  the  Free  Democratic  candi- 
date, Freeborn  Potter.  The  vote  of  Lucas 
County  was  as  follows  : 

Repre.sentative— M.  R.  Waite"',  l,L'(;i ;  L.  B.  La- 
thropf,  1,029;  F.  PotterJ,  114.  Treasurer— Lyman 
Parcher*,  1,369 ;  A.  C.  Hough^,  1,0.52.  Sheriff,  Elisha 
Mack*,  1,338  ;  J.  R.  Bondf .  1,070.  Auditor— W.  F. 
Dewey*  1,219;  T.  Clark,  2d«[,  1,119.  Prosecuting 
Attorney— Wm.  H.  Hall*,  1,310;  H.  S.  Commager«i, 
1,08().  Commissioner — Samuel  Divine*,  1,291  ;  James 
McCabeli,  1,088.  Coroner— Gecj.  I).  Treat*,  l,2iili; 
David  Ci-ane1I,  1,130.     Infirmary  Director — Robert  A. 


Howard*,  1,277;  Two  Stickncvl,  1.105.  Surveyor— 
Henry  J.Vaughn*,  1,284;  J.  'J.  Schnallf,  1,02C  ;  D. 
A.  Peaset,  90.  (  *  Whigs,  t  Democrats,  t  Free 
Democrats,  f  Democratic  and  Free  Democratic  can- 
didates. ) 

Mr.  Waite  bad  232  plurality  in  Lu<-as,  whilo 
Mr.  Lathrop  hail  74  plurality  in  Henry — elect- 
ing tlie  former  by  15S.  Mr.  Potter  hud  S  votes 
in  Henry. 

185(1. 

A  Democratic  County  Convention  was  held 
at  Maumee  City  January  2, 1S5{),  of  which  John 
E.  Hunt  was  President,  Clark  H.  Jtyder  and 
T.  W.  Walker  Vice-Presidents,  and  C.  I.  Scott 
Secretary. 

The  candidates  and  vote  in  Lucas  County, 
at  the  State  election  of  1850,  were  as  follows  : 

Governor — Wm.  Johnston,*  78.") ;  Reuben  Wuod,f 
776.  Congress— J.  W.  Kiley,{  820;  A.  P.  Fdgcrton,! 
77.5.  Senator — John  Kelley,*  s:!0;  James  Myers.t 
741.  Representative — Sanford  L.  Collins,*  876;  S.  II. 
.-^teedman,  716.  Recorder — Horace  Thacher,*  962; 
Huut,t  73.5.  Commissioner— Robert  .\.  For- 
syth,* 862;  HoIl(iwav,t  6.54.  Inlirmarv  Direc- 
tors—Haskell  D.   Warren,*  823; Willev.t  771; 

Wm.  .St.  Clair,*  809;   Young,t  701.     (* Whigs. 

tDemocrats.     tindcpendents). 

The  result  of  an  attempt  made  in  Toledo  in 
October,  1850,  to  protest  against  the  Fugitive 
Slave  law,  then  recently  enacted  by  Congress, 
maj'  be  worth  rcconiing  here.  About  100 
citizens — chieflj'  Whigs  and  "  Free  Soilers  " — 
called  a  meeting  for  the  purpose  named,  of 
which  Ira  L.  Clark  was  Chairman,  and  H. 
Graham  Secretary.  The  Chairman  ap])ointcd 
John  Fitch,  Chas.  R.  Miller,  E.  P.  Bassett, 
James  Myers  and  Wm.  Baker,  as  a  Committee 
on  Eesolutious.  The  resolutions  prepared  in 
advance,  though  not  satisfactor}-  to  all  of  the 
Committee,  as  being  too  revolutionary  iu  char- 
acter, were  introduced,  and  freelj' discussed  by 
Messrs.  H.  D.  Mason,  E.  D.  Potter  (member  of 
Congress),  James  Myers,  C.  E.  Miller,  I).  0. 
Morton,  Wm.  Baker,  and  John  Filch,  when 
Judge  Mason  introduced  other  resolutions, 
more  conservative  in  spirit  and  tone,  and  recog- 
nizing the  binding  force  of  law  as  the  only 
security  for  libertj"  and  order.  These  were 
accepted  by  a  large  majoritj-. 

1851. 

The  vote  in  October,  1851,  in  Lucas  County, 
was  as  follows : 

Governor — S.  F.  Vinton,  897;  Reuben  Wood,  1,038; 
Samuel  Lewis  (Anti-Slavery),  28.  District  Judge — 
R.  P.  Buckland,  910  ;  Lucius  B.  Otis,  1,04.5.  Senator 
— James  M.  Colfmbury,  904;  Wm.  Mungen,  1,053. 
Representative — Elisha  .Mack,  9.57  ;  Lucien  B.  La- 
throp, 972.  Probate  Judge— James  M.  Whitney,  886; 
Chas.  I.  Scott,  939.  Clerk— Walstcin  IL  llickox,  90(); 
Denison  Steele,  943.  Prosecutnig  ,\ttorncv — Wm.  H. 
Hall,  9.36;  John  J.  Manor,  987.  Hhcritf  -H.  D.  Kings- 
bury, 797;  Elijah  Dodd,  'XMk  .binallKUi  I.undy  (Inde- 
pendent), 1.57.     Coroner— Wm.  D.  Ilcrrick,  87.5;  John 


344 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


G.  Kenime,  1,039.  Auditor  —  Samuel  Blanchard, 
872;  Andrew  Young,  946.  Treasurer— Haskell  D. 
Warren,  7o2;  John  E.  Hunt,  1,050;  Harvey  Kellogg 
(Independent),  155.  Commissioner  —  Russell  C. 
Daniels,  901;  Peter  C.  Lewis,  977.  Surveyor-Samnel 
Divine,  877;  Thos.  C;lark  2d,  1,044.  Infirmary  Di- 
rector —  Luke  Tipton,  883;  Geo.  Atkinson,  995. 
(First  named,  Whigs;  and  second  named  Demo- 
crats). 

This  was  the  first  election   held   under  the 
uew  State  Constitution. 


1852. 

In  the  Presidential  campaign  of  1852,  the 
candidates  were:  Whig  —  General  Winfield 
Scott  and  William  A.  Graham,  of  North  Caro- 
lina. Democratic — Franklin  Pierce  and  W'm. 
E.  King.  AntiSlaverj- — lohn  P.  Hale  and 
George  W'.  Julian. 

The  delegates  from  Lucas  County  to  the 
"National  Democratic  Convention  "  at  Pitts- 
burg, which  nominated  the  latter  ticket,  were 
John  Lambert  (a  Revolutionary  soldier),  W^m. 
M.  W^hite,  John  U.  Pease,  James  Love,  W.  E. 
Parmelee,  Dr.  Oscar  White,  Mavor  Brighani, 
C.  Pi.  Miller,  Philo  Hall,  Decius  Wadsworth, 
Dr.  J.  L.  Chase,  J.  Je.ssup,  Two  Stickney,  J. 
Lundy,  J.  V.  Straight,  E.  Newland  Morelj', 
Lewis  Lambert,  J.  P.  Freeman. 

A  call  was  issued  in  July,  1852,  for  a  meet- 
ing of  voters  of  Lucas  County  favorable  to  the 
election  of  Franklin  Pierce,  the  Democratic 
nominee  for  President.  As  showing  who  were 
among  the  active  Democrats  of  the  County  at 
that  time,  the  following  names  signed  to  that 
call  are  here  given,  to  wit : 

Ira  E.  Lee,  Matthias  S.  Vantieet,. James  M.  Ashley,* 
Truman  H.  Hoag,  Geo.  W.  Reynolds,*  Freeborn 
Potter,  Elijah  Dodd,  Henry  S.  Commager,  John 
Fitch,*  D.  O.  Morton,  Stephen  J.  Springer,  James 
Myers,*  Chas.  \V.  Chesebro,  Chas.  I.  Scott,  John 
Vanfleet,  Andrew  Young,  John  Halpin,  Chas.  Dodge,* 
Alex.  Anderson,  E.  P.  Bassett,*  Joel  AV.  Kelsey,* 
Denison  Steele,*  John  J.  Manor,  Chauncey  Merrills, 
Wheeler  French. 

Of  the  above,  the  eight  indicated  b}'  an 
asterisk  {«)  acted  with  the  Republican  part}^ 
subsequently  formed,  withdrawing  from  the 
Democratic  party  on  account  of  the  Slavery 
agitation. 

The  October  election  of  1852  was  given  un- 
usual interest  in  tliis  County,  by  the  vote  then 
to  be  taken  on  the  question  of  a  removal  of  the 
County-seat    from    Maumee    City  to    Toledo, 

The  vote  on  candidates  was  as  follows: 

Judge  of  Supreme  Court— D.  A.  Haynes,*  1,391; 
W.  B.  Caldwell,t  2,097.  Congress— D.  C.  Parker,* 
1,380;  A.P.  Edgerton,t2,09S;  Woolsey  Welles,!  100. 
Commissioner— W.  F.  Dewey,*  1,887;  A.  J.Eldridge,t 
1,529;  W.M.  White, t  100;  Benj.  Joy,t54.  Infirmary 
Director— S.  B.  Comstock,*  1,387;  Dennis  Coghlin.f 
2,076;  W.  E.  Parmelee.t  101.  (*Whigs.  ^Democrats. 
tFree  Democrats). 


1854. 

The  campaign  of  1854,  was  chiefly  distin- 
guished for  the  unparalleled  popular  uprising, 
which  was  caused  mainl}'  by  the  attem])t  to 
repeal  the  "  Missouri  Compromise  line,"  of 
1820,  which  divided  Slave  from  Free  territory 
belonging  to  the  United  States.  Such  action 
was  then  sought  in  connection  with  the  organ- 
ization of  the  Territories  of  Kansas  and  Neb- 
raska, witli  the  right  of  property  in  Slaves 
therein  until  they  should  become  States.  The 
effect  of  this  movement  at  the  North  was  to 
arouse  a  latent  Anti-Slavery  sentiment  exist- 
ing in  both  the  W^hig  and  Democratic  parties, 
leading  to  combined  action  against  the  pro- 
posed polic}'.  The  W^hig  party,  as  a  body, 
with  a  large  number  of  Democrats,  became 
merged  in  what  was  temporarily  known  as  the 
''Anti-Nebraska,"  and  soon  came  to  be  the 
Republican  party.  In  Ohio,  this  organization 
received  its  start  at  a  State  Convention  held  at 
Columbus  in  March,  1854. 

The  first  step  in  such  movement  in  Lucas 
County,  consisted  of  a  Ma.ss  Convention,  held 
at  Toledo,  September  2,  1854,  with  David 
Harroun,  of  Sylvania,  as  temporary,  and  Wm. 
Taylor,  of  Spencer,  as  permanent  President, 
and  F.  L.  Nichols  as  temporarj',  and  Wm.  E. 
Parmelee  as  permanent  Secretary. 

The  candidates  for  Judge  of  Common  Pleas 
Court,  were  :  Anti-Nebraska,  John  Fitch  ; 
Democratic,  Thomas  M.  Cooley. 

The  Anti-Nebraska  Congressional  Conven- 
tion was  held  at  Defiance,  September  IGth,  of 
which  Asher  Cook  was  President,  and  S.  M. 
Snodgra.ss  Secretary.  The  Committee  on  Reso- 
lutions consisted  of  Samuel  B.  Scott,  of  Lucas  ; 
W^  L.  Cook,  of  Wood  ;  P.  C.  Bassett,  of  Put- 
nam ;  S.  E.  Blakeslee,  of  Williams  ;  and  John 
Paul,  of  Defiance.  Richard  Mott,  of  lAicas, 
was  unanimously  nominated  as  a  candidate  for 
Congress.  The  following  District  Committee 
was  appointed:  Woolsey  Welles,  of  Defiarce; 
Chas.  Kent,  of  Lucas  ;  Geo.  W.  Baird,  of  Wood  ; 
A.  S.  Latt}-,  of  Paulding ;  and  P.  C.  Bassett,  of 
Putuam. 

On  the  question  of  Slavery,  as  presented  by 
the  Kansas-Nebraska  bill,  then  before  Con- 
gress, the  Democratic  Congressional  Conven- 
tion for  the  Toledo  (5th)  District,  declared  that 
said  bill  had  produced  great  difterence  in 
opinion  in  the  Democratic  party  of  the  Dis- 
trict, as  to  the  practical  effect  of  that  measure; 
and  that  while  such  division  in  sentiment  ex- 
isted, the  party  agreed  that  "  Slavery  was  an 
unmitigated  evil;"  and  that  the}-  were  opposed 
to  its  extension,  and  would  do  what  they  could 
to  prevent  its  extension  to  any  of  the  Territo- 
ries and  confine  it  to  its  present  limits.  On 
this  platform  Henry  S.  Commager,  of  Toledo, 
was  nominated  for  Congress.  The  President 
of  the  Convention  was  T.  S.  C.  Morrison, 
of  Henry,  and  the  Secretaries,  C.  C.  Allman,  of 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


345 


Fulton,  and  Henry  Brown,  of  Hancock  County. 
The  delegates  from  Lucas  County  were  James 
Myers,  J.  R.  Bond,  J.  B.  Steedman,  Denison 
Steele,  Elijah  Dodd,  Thos.  Brophy,  S.  H.  Steed- 
man,  Michael  Shields,  John  Van  Fleet,  11.  V. 
Ayers,  Josiah  Rile^-,  A.  V,  Stebbins,  Freeborn 
Potter,  R.  C.  Lemmon,  Francis  Manor,  Jacob 
Fancher,  Seneca  E.  Sterling. 

The  vote  in  Lucas  County  at  the  October 
election  (1854)  was  as  follows  (the  first  named 
candidates  being  Anti-Nebraska  and  the  second 
Democratic): 

Judge  of  Supreme  Court-^J.  R.  Swan,  1,589;  S.  F. 
Norris,  795.  Congress— Richard  Mott,  1,614 ;  H.  S. 
Commager,  764.  Judge  of  Common  Pleas — John 
Fitch,  1,577;  T.  M.  Cooley,  815.  Probate  Judge- 
Horace  Tharher,  1,590 ;  Chas.  I.  Scott,  787.  County 
Clerk— F.  L.  Nichols,  1,413;  Denison  Steele,  975. 
Commissioner — Joel  W.  Kelsey,  1,557  ;  P.  C.  Lewis, 

844.     Surveyor — D.  A,  Pease,  1,547;  Doane,  844. 

Infirmary  Director— H.  Holmes, 1,575;  —  Colburn,  813. 

The  result  in  the  Judicial  District  (majori- 
ties being  given),  was  as  follows  : 

Fitch.  Cooley. 

Lucas  County i 762        

Ottawa       "       1,441        

Sandusky"      100        

Erie            "       561        

Huron        "       74 

Fitch's  majority,  2,650. 

The  vote  in  the  County  as  compared  with 
1853,  was  as  follows  : 


Toledo— 1st  Ward. 

"     —2d  Ward. 

"     —3d  Ward. 

"     —4th  Ward. 

Port  Lawrence 

Maumee— IstWard 
"  —2d  Ward 
"     —3d  Ward 

Waynesflield 

Sylvania 

Monclova 

Waterville 

Oregon 

Richfield 

Spencer 

Swanton 

Wa.shingtou 

Springfield 

Manhattan 

Providence 

Totals 

Majorities 


Governor— 1853. 


Ueddl. 
Dem. 


63 

84 
367 
298 
29 
100 
42 
21 
12 
47 
43 
97 
40 
35 
45 
23 
52 
46 
50 
74 

1570 

684 


Barrere 
Whig. 


61 

101 

69 

85 

2 
70 
12 
13 

2 
67 
19 
71 
39 
49 
14 
20 
77 
62 
33 
22 

886 


Lewis. 
Free 
Soil. 


4 

13 
13 

0 
9 
4 
2 
2 

29 
0 
2 

22 

"s 

3 

0 

16 

22 

"o 

0 
216 


Congress— ISS4. 


Com- 
mager. 
Dem. 


42 
29 
84 
205 
22 
73 
19 
13 

5 
13 
26 
62 
18 
18 

9 
10 
38 
36 
18 
25 

764 


Mott. 

Anti. 
Neb. 


152 
222 

174 

215 
4 

123 

14 

20 

7 

100 
44 
79 
97 
61 
43 
22 
78 
78 
57 
27 

1614 

850 


Probably,  the  most  extraordinary  change  in 
public  feeling,  as  shown  by  popular  elections, 
was  that  which  occurred  in  Oliio  between  1852 
and  1854.  The  extent  of  such  change  is  indi- 
cated bj^  the  following  table,  showing  the  ma- 
jorities in  the  several  Congressional  Districts 
in  this  State,  at  the  two  elections  referred  to. 

S3 


1852. 

DiiU'ictii. 

Whig  Majority. 

Democratic 
Majority. 

Free  Soil  Vole. 

1 

1535 

83 

2 

931 

142 

3 

147 

4 

1270 

183 

0 

4511 

102 

0 

271 

108 

1 

2565 

1259 

8 

2781 

442 

9 

tiloi 

762 

10 

895 

11 



2354 

323 

12 

66 

333 

13 

709 

2390 

14 

2828 

3030 

15 

31 

2630 

16 

815 

189 

17 

.    1088 

1708 

18 

1833 

5274 

19 

5752 

20 

1220 

21 

538 

25945 

Districts. 

1854. 

Members  Elected. 

Majority. 

Change. 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

Timothy  Day 

John  S.  Harrison... 

L.  D.  Campbell 

M.H.Nichols 

Richard  Mott 

Joseph  R.  Emrie 

Aaron  Harlan 

Benj.  Stanton 

C.  K.  Watson 

Oscar  F.  Moore 

V.B.  Horton 

Samuel  Galloway 

John  Sherman 

Philemon  Bliss 

W.  R.  Sapp        

3274 
3671 
2565 
5930 
3112 
4540 
7621 
7650 
2781 
4159 
2911 
3308 
2823 
2747 
2a55 
2193 
2315 
3685 
4620 
3190 
4622 

80562 

4809 
2740 
2418 
7200 
7623 
4811 
5056 
4869 
8885 
3264 
5265 
3374 
3532 
5575 
2824 

16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 

Edward  Ball 

C.  J.Albright 

Benj.  F.  Leith 

Edward  Wade 

J.  R.  Giddings 

John  A.  Bingham. _- 

1378 
3403 
5518 

5160 

87924 

In  1852,  the  10th  and  20th  Districts  elected 
Free  Soil  members  over  both  other  parties, 
the  vote  standing  as  follows  : 

Nineteenth  District— Case  (Whig),  4,046; 
Wilson  (Dem.),  8,715;   Wade  (Free  Soil),  5,275. 

Twentieth  Di.strict— Newton  (Whig),  4,179  ; 
Woods  (Dem.),  4,227;  Giddings  (Free  Soil), 
5,752. 

The  vote  on  State  ticket  in  1852,  stood  as 
follows:  Whig,  128,500;  Democratic,  14ti,7!l5; 
Free  Soil,  22,107.  In  1854— Republican,  186,- 
498;  Democratic,  109,075.  Republican  gain, 
over  Whig  vote,  57,998 ;  Democratic  loss, 
37,720. 


346 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


As  8ecn,  while  the  Democrats  elected  12  of 
the  21  members  in  1852,  they  did  not  secure 
one  in  1854. 

1855. 

A  Democratic  Countj-  Convention  was  held 
at  Toledo,  September  5,  1855,  of  which  H.  S. 
Commager  was  President,  Arunah  LathroiJ  and 
John  Van  Fleet  Vice  Presidents,  and  Jerome 

B.  Myers  and  G.  P.  McCadden  Secretaries. 
The  following  delegates  were  appointed  : 

To  a  Senatorial  Convention— Birt.  Keeley,  Pat. 
Carcv,  L.  B.  Lathrop,  S.  E.  Sterling,  S.  C.  Brainard, 
Arunah  Lathrop,  B.  Fairchilds,  B.  Linsley,  J.  Good- 
rich, J.  M.  Sankson,  S.  H.  Steedman,  Edward  Bissell, 
Valentine  Wall,  Ira  E.  Lee,  John  J.  Manor,  J.  Col- 
burn.  J.  B.  Steedman,  F.  Jennings,  W.  King,  R.  C. 
Lemmon,  S.  J.  Springer,  W.  W.  Howe,  David  S.  Wil- 
der, H.  S.  Commager. 

To  a  Representative  Convention — Freeborn  Pot- 
ter, Pat.  Carey,  0.  Holloway,  B.  Barnes,  N.  C.  Hall, 

C.  C.  Lathrop,  James  Egnew,  P.  C.  Lewis,  S.  Jay, 
A.  N.  Cromwell,  Ed.  Bis.sell,  J.  R.  Bond,  R.  C.  Lem- 
mon, J.  J.  Manor,  A.  L.  Backus,  J.  B.  Steedman,  F. 
Jennings,  H.  Rudd,  W.  W.  Howe,  M.  Shields,  David 
S.  Wilder,  H.  S.  Commager,  J.  G.  Isham,  Wm.  Kraus. 
The  Central  Committee  consisted  of  Andrew  Young, 
J.  Colburn,  L.  B.  Lathrop,  Fred.  Bissell,  F.  Manor, 
S.  E.  Sterling,  S.  Jay. 

The  result  of  the  October  election,  1855,  in 
Lucas  Countj-,  was : 

Governor— S.  P.  Chase,  1,018;  Wm.  Medill,  1,409. 
Senator— W.  S.  Lunt,  1,.548  ;  M.  C.  Whitely,  1,.'51.S. 
Representative— L.  H.  Upham,  1,482  ;  R.  "C.  Lem- 
mon, 1,445.     Auditor Titus,  1,.'>04;  C.  H.  Coy, 

1,.540.  Sheriff— H.  D.  Kingsbury,  1,49.5  ;  S.  J.  Springer, 
1,576.  Treasurer — Benjamin  Joy,  1,633;  Wm.  Lim- 
brick,  1,338.  Prosecuting  Attorney — J.  J.  Manor, 
1,541 ;  H.  L.  Hosmer,  1,496.  Commissioners — D.  F. 
Cook,  1,.564;  Wm.  Taylor,  1,336;  Dan.  Segur,  1.444; 

S.  C.  Brainard,    1,538.     Infirmary   Director — 

Hathawav,  1,494;  Andrew  Printup,  1,514;  Dennis 
Coghlin,  1,533;  C.  C.  Lathrop,  1,526. 

1856. 

The  political  chaos  caused  by  the  combined 
influences  of  the  Kansas-Nebraska  movement 
and  the  Know-Nothing  or  American  organiza- 
tion, had  so  far  been  resolved  to  order,  in  1856, 
as  to  bring  forth  the  Eejiublican  partj-  for  the 
Presidential  campaign.  Thatorganization  was 
composed  mainly  from  the  Whig  party  (which 
practically  ceased  to  be  in  1854),  with  large 
numbers  of  Anti-Slavery  Democrats.  The 
American  party  maintained  its  organization 
and  placed  in  the  field  a  ticket  (John  Bell  for 
President,  Edward  Everett  for  Vice-President). 
The  Republican  ticket  consisted  of  John  C. 
Fremont  and  Wm.  L.  Dayton  ;  while  that  of 
the  Democrats  was  composed  of  James  Bu- 
chanan and  John  C.  Breckenridge.  Between 
the  latter  two  parties  the  main  issue  related  to 
the  Slavery  question,  as  raised  in  the  Kansas- 
Nebraska  bill.  On  that,  the  South  was  an 
unit,  while  the  North  was  divided.  The  re- 
sult was  the  success  of  the  Democratic  ticket. 


The  vote  in  Lucas  County  at  the  State  election, 
October,  1856,  was  as  follows  : 

Governor-S.  P.  Chase,  1,371  ;  R.  P.  Rannoy,  1,629 ; 
Daniel  Peck,  398.  Judge  of  Common  Pleas— S.  F.  Tay- 
lor, 1,381;  Horatio  Wildman,  1,621.  Congress — Rich- 
ard Mott,  1,497  ;  A.  P.  Edgerton,  1,602.  Recorder— 
J.  G.  Khnck,  1,172;  Thos.  Brophy,  1,.595;  C.  B.  Hol- 
loway, 536.  Surveyor— W.  M.  VVhite,  1,356;  W.  H. 
Harris,  1,665;  J.  B.  Mar.ston,  400.  Commissioner  (3 
years)— John  H.  Whitaker,  1,.S51  ;  Sereno  C.  Brai- 
nard, 1,655;  W.  H.  Raymond,  483.  Commissioner  (1 
year)— Wm.  Taylor,  1,357;  Dan.  Segur,  1,.559;  J.  M. 
Brigham,  423.  Infirmary  Director  (3  years) — John 
U.  Pease,  1,335;  Clark  C.  Lathrop,  1,6,55;  Wm.  Rich- 
ardson, 408.  Same,  1  year — Jos.  Langenderfer,  ],.'>48  ; 
Jorathmel  Colburn,  1,609;  W.  D.  Herrick,  476.  For 
Bank  Charter,  1,6.50.  Against  same,  35.  (First 
named  being  Republican,  second  Democratic,  and 
third  American  candidates.) 

1857. 

The  Republicans  held  their  County  Conven- 
tion for  1857,  on  the  8th  of  August,  with  James 
M.  Ashley  as  President,  and  B.  W.  Lendersou 
as  Seca'etary.  E.  W.  Lenderson  was  nominated 
for  Auditor,  H.  D.  Kingsbury  for  Sheriff, 
Henry  Bennett  for  Probate  Judge,  F.  A.  Jones 
for  Prosecuting  Attorney,  Peleg  T.  Clark  for 
Clerk,  Samuel  Blanchard  for  Treasurer,  Wm. 
Tajdor  for  Commissioner,  R.  A.  Forsyth  for 
Infirmary  Director,  and  Dr.  Valentine  Braun 
for  Coroner.  The  I)emocratic  Representative 
Convention  (Lucas  and  Fulton  Counties)  was 
held  at  Delta,  August  19,  1857,  with  Freeborn 
Potter  as  President,  and  Patrick  H.  Dowling, 
of  Lucas,  and  James  K.  Newcomer,  of  Fulton, 
as  Secretaries.  Octavius  Waters  was  nomi- 
nated for  Representative. 

The  Lucas  County  American  (Know-Noth- 
ing) Convention  met  at  Monclova,  August  22, 
1857,  and  nominated  the  following  ticket :  Pro- 
bate Judge,  Horace  Thacher;  Clerk,  Warren 
Russell ;  Sheriff,  Wm.  Warren ;  Treasurer,  B. 
H.  Bush;  Prosecuting  Attorney,  E.  D.Nye; 
Commissioner,  Wm.  D.  Herrick;  Infirmarj^ 
Director,  Moses  McKissick  ;  Coroner,  Dr.  Chad- 
wick. 

The  result  in  Lucas  County  was: 

Governor-S.  P.  Chase,*  1,632;  H.  B.  Payne.T 
1,661;  P.  Van  Trump,  j  203.  Senator -C.  W.  Hill,* 
1,801  ;  J.  N.  AVestcott,-!- 1,633.  Representative-S.  A. 
Raymond,*  1,760;  Octavius  Waters,!  1,614.  (*  Re- 
publicans,    t  Democrats,     t  Americans.) 

The  Republican  candidates  for  Clerk,  In- 
firmarj'  Director,  Sherifl',  Coroner  and  Treas- 
urer were  elected,  and  the  Democratic  candi- 
dates for  Probate  Judge  (Thos.  Dunla])),  Com- 
missioner (Edward  Bissell),  Prosecuting  At- 
torney (Ira  E.  Lee),  and  Auditor  (C^n-us  D. 
Hanks),  were  elected. 

Mr,  Westcott  (Democrat)  was  elected  State 
Senator  b}-  1H6  majority  over  General  Hill.  Mr. 
Raymond  (Republican),  was  elected  Represen- 
tative. Daniel  F.  Cook,  of  Maumee  Cit}',  was 
first  nominated  by  the  Republicans,  but  declined 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


347 


for  the  reason  Ibat  ho  had  no  partisan  policy 
which  he  wished  tojjroniote.  Chase  was  elected 
Governor  by  a  vote  of  1(>0,5(JS,  to  1511,065  Cor 
Payne  and  9,2(i3  for  Yan  Trump. 

1858. 

The  Republican  Convention  of  the  Fifth  Con- 
gressional District,  met  at  ])etiance,  Jul}-  22, 
1858,  of  which  C.  M.  Godfrey,  of  Putnam,  was 
President;  John  Taj-lor,  of  Dctiance,  and  J.  W. 
Ross,  of  Wood,  Vice-Presidents;  and  W.  C. 
Earl  of  Lucas,  E.  A.  ni<.i.iii8  of  Wood,  J.  I). 
Baker  of  Defiance,  E.  W.Fuller  of  Fulton,  Geo. 
Weimer  of  Henry,  and  I.  R.  Sherwood  of 
Williams,  Secretaries.  A  ballot  for  candidate 
for  Congress  stood;  Richard  Mott,  83 ;  James 
M.  Ashlej-,  110.  Mr.  Ashley  was  declared  the 
nominee  and  addressed  the  Convention.  It 
was  generally  understood,  that  but  for  a  per- 
vading doubt  as  to  Mr.  Mott's  accepting  the 
position  for  a  third  term,  he  would  have  been 
nominated  without  serious  opposition,  he 
having  served  with  very  general  acceptance. 

The  vote  in  Lucas  County,  October  12,  1858, 
was  as  follows; 

Judge  of  Supreme  Court — W.  V.  Peck,*  1,768; 
T.  AV.  Bartley,t  l,oSl.  Congress-J.  M.  A.shley,* 
1,746;  Wm.  Munjien.t  1,557.  Judge  of  Common 
Pleas  Court- S.  T.  Worcester,*  1,7(14  ;  Horatio  Wild- 
man, t  ],.507.  Commissioner — Wm.  Taylor,*  ],7:J7; 
Benj.  Joy.t  1,(>00.  Coroner— Alfred  Bostwick,*  1,804; 
Thos.  Tiernan,f  1,494.  Infirmary  Director— I.  N. 
Hathaway,*  1,(528;  W.  W.  Ho\ve,t  1,698.  (  *  Repub- 
licans,    f  Democrats.) 

The  vote  on  question  of  a  new  Jail  stood — 
Yes,  1,51J6;  No,  1,181. 

Mr.  Ashley  was  elected  to  Congress  by  a 
vote  in  the  District  of  10,532,  to  9,987  for  Mr. 
Mungen.  The  Republican  majority  in  the  State 
was  20,344.  Worcester's  majority  for  Judge 
was  913  in  the  District. 

1859. 

The  local  campaign  of  1859  was  mainly  dis- 
tinguished for  the  active  and  somewhat  bitter 
contest  in  connection  witl\  the  election  of  Judge 
of  the  Common  Pleas  Court,  for  the  Sub-Dis- 
trict embracing  laicas,  Ottawa,  Sanduskj', 
Erie  and  Huron  Counties.  Judge  John  Fitch 
was  the  incumbent  and  the  Republican  candi- 
date for  reelection.  The  Democrats  jiresented 
no  nomination  of  their  own,  but  at  their  Dis- 
trict Convention  recommended  the  members  of 
the  party  to  support  Charles  Kent,  a  RejJub- 
liean  and  an  independent  canditlate.  The  con- 
test had  but  little  effect  ujjon  the  balance  of  the 
tickets  of  the  two  parties. 

The  Republican  Representative  Convention 
(Lucas  and  Fulton  Counties)  was  held  at  Wau- 
seon,  August  23,  1859,  with  Clark  Waggoner,  of 
Lucas,  as  President,  and  E.  W.  Fuller  and  H. 
Bays,    of    Fulton,    as    Secretaries.     Dennison 


Steele,  of  Lucas,  was'nominated  for  Representa- 
tive, on  a  vote  of  30,  to  28  for  L.  L.  Morehouse 
of  Lucas  County. 

The  Democratic  County  Convention  met 
Se]itember  (1th,  with  Andrew  Young  as  Presi- 
dent, and  .Michai'l  llaydcn  and  and  C.  R.  Den- 
nett as  Secretaries. 

The  result  in   laicas  County  was  as  follows: 

Governor— Wm.  Dennison,  2,225 ;  R.  P.  Ranncy, 
2,073.  Judge  of  Common  Pleas— John  Fiteh,  2,102  ; 
Clias.  Kent,  2,lo9.  Senator— Geo.  Laskey,  2,281  ; 
H.  J.  Boehmer,  2,01)8.  Reiircseiitativc— bcnni.son 
Steel(>,  2,2:57;  Kdward  Bis.-iell,  Sr..  2,li:'.2.  Cotmlv  Au- 
ditor—Alex. Iveed,  2,202;  lU'ury  Brand,  l.liss.  tresis- 
urcr— Valentine  I5raun,  2,481  ;  .lulin  B.  Murphy, 
1,048.  Shcritr- Henry  D.  Kingsbury,  2,510;  Klijali 
Dodd,  1,705.  Surveyor— Elijah  VV.  Denderson,  2,l:J5  ; 
W.  H.  Harris,  2,110.  Prosecuting  Attorney — Geo.  P. 
E.ste,  2,391  ;  John  J.  Manor,  1,890.  Recorder- .Jona- 
than Wynn,  2,:m);  Thos.  Brophy,  1,928.  Inlirmary 
Director — Ivhvard  Ciordinicr,  2,2:!1  ;  Foster  R.  War- 
ren, 2,042.  (The  first  named  candidates  were  Hepuh- 
licans  and  the  second  Democrats.) 

The  vote  in  the  District  for  Judge  stood — 
Fitch,  8,431  ;  Kent,  G,(;78.  Fitch's  majority, 
1,553.  Mr.  Laskey  was  chosen  Senator  by  029 
majority. 

1860. 

In  its  direct  and  indirect  results,  the  politi- 
cal campaign  of  1860,  beyond  all  question,  was 
the  most  important  of  all  which  have  occurred 
under  this  Government.  It  is  even  yet  too 
soon  to  form  a  just  estimate  of  the  various  and 
momentous  National  issues  and  results  which 
therein  had  their  source.  Without  stopping 
here  for  detailed  statement  or  for  discussion  of 
these,  it  will  suffice  to  say  that  the  one  question 
ofthe  day  was,  whether  the  institution  othuman 
Slavery  should  be  regarded  and  treated  as  local 
or  national  in  its  legal  status  and  rights.  That  is 
to  say — whether  it  was  the  creature  of  the 
States  in  which  it  existed,  dependent  wholly 
upon  State  authority  for  such  existence ;  or 
was  National  in  its  character,  and  should  be  re- 
cognized wherever  National  authority  was  in 
force.  Tlie  Republican  party,  while  recognizing 
the  i-ight  of  the  States  to  establish  and  main- 
tain Slavery  within  their  limits,  and  the  obli- 
gation of  the  General  Government  to  respect 
such  right,  squarely  and  positively  denied  the 
right  of  such  States,  separately  or  collectivelj-, 
to  extend  or  maintain  the  institution  beyond 
their  several  jurisdictions.  Thatpartj'  further 
insisted  that  all  domain  of  the  Government  was 
free,  and  denied  the  right  of  Congress  to  es- 
tablish or  to  recognize  Slavery  within  the  ter- 
ritory belonging  to  the  United  States. 

The  candidates  of  the  Republicans  were 
Abraham  Ijincoln  and  Hannibal  Hamlin.  The 
Democrats  of  the  country  were  divided  as 
to  the  polic}'  which  should  prevail  in  the  treat- 
ment of  Slavcrj- outside  the  States.  One  por- 
tion, holding  to  what  was  known  as"  Squatter 


348 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Sovereignty-,"  insisted  that  the  settlers  of  an 
organized  Territory  should  have  the  same 
power  in  tlie  niauageinent  of  the  matter,  that 
the  people  of  a  State  had,  and  thus  admit  or 
reject  Shivery,  as  they  might  choose,  while  in 
such  inchoate  political  condition,  and  not  await 
the  organization  of  a  State  Government.  This 
portion  had  Stephen  A.  Douglas  for  their  Pres- 
idential candidate,  and  Ilerschel  V.Johnson  for 
Vice-President.  The  other  portion  of  the  Dem- 
ocratic partj'  held  to  the  nationality  of  Slavery, 
in  so  far,  that  slaves  could  lawfully  he  taken 
and  held,  not  only  in  any  territory  belonging 
to  the  United  States,  but  for  tempoi'ary  busi- 
ness or  sojourn  within  any  State  of  the  Union. 
In  other  words,  their  claim,  resting  largely  on 
the  then  recent  decision  of  the  Supreme  Court 
in  the  Dred  Scott  case,  was  that  "  slave  property 
stood  upon  the  same  footing  as  all  other  prop- 
erty, and  that  neither  the  General  Government 
nor  any  Territorial  Government  could  destroy 
or  impair"  such  title  of  slave-owners.  The 
candidates  of  this  portion  of  the  Democrats 
were  John  C.  Breckenridge  and  Joseph  Lane. 
A  fourth  ticket,  composed  of  John  Bell  and 
Edward  Everett,  was  presented  by  the  "  Con- 
stitution and  Union  part}',"  made  up  chiefly  of 
members  of  the  "  American  party  "  of  1856. 
In  their  platform  of  1860,  they  omitted  the  dis- 
tinctive doctrine  of  the  previous  campaign  as 
to  native  and  foreign-born  citizens,  and  limited 
their  policy  to  the  defense  of  the  constitution 
and  laws  of  the  United  States,  as  the  sole  guar- 
anty for  the  preservation  of  the  Union  and  of 
the  rights  of  the  people  in  all  its  parts — making 
no  special  reference  to  Slavery. 

The  campaign  was  marked  by  much  spirit 
and  no  little  bitterness,  and  was  largely  sec- 
tional in  its  charcter — the  Eepublicans  finding 
their  sole  effective  support  in  the  Free  States, 
while  the  opposition  factions  divided  the  Dem- 
ocratic party,  both  North  and  South,  although 
the  Breckenridge  portion  was  predominant  at 
the  South,  while  of  the  other  two,  the  Douglas 
jjortion  polled  much  the  largest  vote  at  the 
North. 

The  Eepublicau  Club  of  Toledo  was  organ- 
ized June  2,  1860,  with  following  oflacers  : 

President— S.  A.  Raymond;  Vice-Presidents— 
Paul  Jones,  Wm.  C.  Earl ;  Secretary— Otto  Relde- 
meister;  Treasurer— Wm.  Kraus;  Executive  Coiu- 
mittee— R.  H.  Bell,  Charles  Pratt,  Joseph  Stanbery, 
Andrew  Stephen  and  Lyman  Parchcr. 

John  A.  Chase,  John  Greiner,  John  Gavin, 
E.  W.  JIaynes  and  George  P.  Este  were  ap- 
pointed to  organize  a  "  Wide  Awake  Club." 
Such  Club  was  organized  June  8th,  with  the 
following  officers  : 

Captain-George  P.  Este;  Lieutenants -J.  A. 
Chase,  Valentine  Braun  and  C.  S.  Woodbury  ;  Sec- 
retary—Victor  Keen  ;  Treasurer— Henry  T.  Bissell. 

Early  in  the  campaign,  the  Eepublicans  took 
steps  for  securing  suitable  headquarters,  which 


resulted  in  leasing  a  vacant  lot  (168-172  Sum- 
mit Street),  between  two  blocks,  on  which  were 
placed  front  and  rear  walls  and  a  roof,  with  a 
floor  and  seats,  which  constituted  their  "  Wig- 
wam," the  Indian  name  given  the  large  build- 
ing improvised  for  the  Republican  National 
Convention  at  Chicago.  It  proved  admirably 
adapted  for  the  occasion,  and  superior  to  anj- 
like  provision  in  Toledo,  before  or  since  that 
time.  After  the  campaign  closed,  the  place 
was  for  a  time  used  for  public  concerts  and 
meetings;  and  subsequently  by  Uriah  Greg- 
ory's Commercial  College,  and  in  later  years 
by  a  Laundrj-. 

The  Republican  County  nominating  Conven- 
tion was  held  Julj'  Blst,  with  Darwin  K.  Gard- 
ner as  President,  and  E.  W.  Lenderson  and 
Noe  Nelson  as  Secretaries.  The  following 
ticket  was  nominated ; 

County  Clerk — Peleg  T.  Clark.  Probate  Judge — 
Fred.  A.  Jones.  C'ommissioner — S.  A.  Raymond. 
Coroner — Dr.  S.  H.  Bergen.  Infirmary  Director — 
Robert  A.  Forsyth. 

The  following  delegates  to  a  Congressional 
Convention  were  appointed  : 

Toledo-C.  W.  Moulton,  Alex.  Reed,  Robert  Bell. 
Wm.  Kraus.  Oregon— R.  V.  Boice.  Manhattan — J. 
B.  Strait.  Sylvania — Robert  Talcott.  Richfield— Isaac 
Washburn.  Spencer — Wm.  Taylor.  Swanton— B. 
T.  Geer.  Providence— A.  B.  Mead.  Waterville — 
Thomas  Shoemaker.  Carey— G.  W.  Norton.  Mon- 
clova — W.  B.  Gunn.  Washington  -  Henry  Bennett. 
Springfield- Hiram  Wilt.se.  Slaumee  City— Noi-ton 
Graham,  R.  H.  Forsyth,  Edward  Lloyd.  For  the 
County  at  large — Valentine  Braun,  Wm.  Baker  and 
William  IJmbrick. 

The  Eepubliean  Convention  for  the  Fifth 
Congressional  District  was  held  at  Toledo,  Au- 
gust 4th,  of  which  John  M.  Palmer,  of  Han- 
cock, was  President;  W.  O.  Ensign  of  Defiance, 
M.  H.  Hayes  of  Fulton,  Charles  Hornung  of 
Henrj',  Henr}'  Stanford  of  Hancock,  William 
Taj'lor  of  Lucas,  E.  S.  Banks  of  Paulding,  John 
M.  Dixon  of  Putnam,  I.  N.  Alexander  of  Van 
Wert,  \¥.  C.  Morrison  of  Williams,  and  John 
Russell  of  Wood,  Vice-Presidents;  and  Joseph 
Ralston  of  Defiance,  J.  C.  French  of  Fulton, 
W.  E.  Kintigh  of  Henry,  Ezra  Brown  of  Han- 
cock, George  True  of  Lucas,  S.  R.  Brown  of 
Paulding,  Elam  Day,  Jr.,  of  Putnam,  A.  W. 
Baker  of  Van  Wert,  I.  R.  Sherwood  of  Williams 
and  E.  A.  lligginsof  Wood,  Secretaries.  James 
M.  Ashley  was  nominated  for  re  election  to 
Congress,  and  Dresden  W.  H.  Howard  of  Ful- 
ton for  Presidential  Elector.  The  Convention 
was  briefly  addressed  by  Mr.  Ashley,  and  at 
considerable  length  by  Hon.  John  Sherman, 
then  representing  the  Thirteenth  Congres- 
sional District. 

The  Breckenridge  and  ].,ane  Democrats  of 
Ohio  held  a  Convention  at  Columbus  August 
7th,  with  Judge  Reuben  Wood  for  President, 
and  24  Vice-Presidents  and  21  Secretai'ies. 
Among:  the  Vice-Presidents  was  John  E.  Hunt 


1 


POhlTICM.  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


34!l 


of  Lucas,  and  of  the  Secretaries,  James  C.  Wales 
of  Lucas.  G.  A.  Carpenter,  W.  S.  Johnson,  E. 
D.  Potter  and  C.  I.  Scott,  of  Ijucas,  also  took 
part  in  the  proceedings.  T.  C.  Stewart  of  Lu- 
cas was  nominated  for  Elector  for  the  District. 

A  Bell  and  Everett  Club  was  (irifunizcd  in 
Toledo,  Auicust  llth,  with  tiie  following  officers: 
Pi-esident,  C.  Yardlej' ;  Vice-President,  Wm. 
H.  Raymond  ;  Secretary,  J.  11.  Boggis  ;  Treas- 
urer, I.  R.  Nelson.  The  following  named  del- 
egates to  a  State  Convention  were  appointed  : 
A.  C.  Harris,  J.  H.  Boggis,  C.  Yardlev,  J.  B, 
Foreman,  Warren  Russell,  J.  It.  Nelson,  \V.  II. 
Raymond,  C.  B.  Phillips,  Matthew  Brown  and 
C.  K.  Pheatt. 

A  Douglas  Count}'  Convention  was  held  Au- 
gust 18th,  of  which  Edward  Bissell,  Sen.,  was 
President,  antl  K.  P.  Platt  and  Dv.  Cronise, 
Secretaries.  The  following  County  canditlates 
were  nominated ,; 

Probate  Judge — Thomas  Dunla]^.  Clerk — James 
H.  Maples.  Commissioner — Edward  Bissell,  Sen. 
Coroner — David  S.  Johnson.  Intiruuirv  Director- - 
T.  L.  Clark. 

A  Breckenridge  I)emocratic  ('ounty  Conven- 
tion was  held  September  1st,  with  Captain  E. 
Parmelee  as  President,  and  George  A.  Carpen- 
ter as  Secretary,  and  nominated  the  following 
ticket : 

Probate  Judge — Ralph  Tarbox.  Clerk — J.  H. 
Maples.  Commissioner — C.  A.  Crane.  Coroner — M. 
M.  Goulden.     Infirmary  Director — Robert  Dietrich. 

A  Douglas  Club  was  organized  in  Toledo, June 
12th,  with  the  following  ofHcers  :  President,  A. 
V.  Stebbins  ;  Vice-Presidents,  Nathan  M.  Ijan- 
dis,  Gilbert  Rogers,  Jr.,  Henry  Brand  and  John 
W.  Fuller;  Secretary,  C.  H.  Coy;  Treasurer, 
Andrew  Young  ;  Executive  Committee,  Thos. 
Dunlap,  Robert  Cummings,  E.  B.  Bronson, 
Ed.  Connelly,  John  Miller,  Jr.,  Ferdinand 
Johnson  and  Dennis  Coghlin. 

The  vote  in  Lucas  County  October  9,  1860, 
was  as  follows  ; 

Attorney  General — James  Murray,  '2.6'M  ;  D.  W. 
Stambaugh,  1,802.  Congress— J.  M.  Ashley,  2,681 ; 
J.  B.  Steedman,  1,929.     County  Clerk— P.   T.  Clark, 

2.646  ;  J.  H.  Maples,  1,992.  Probate  Judge— F.  A. 
Jones,  2,577  ;  Thomas  Dunlap,  2.021  ;  Ralph  Tarbox, 
36.  County  Commissioner — .S.  A.  Raymond,  2,6.i9  ; 
Ed.  Bissell,  Sr.,  1,8:56  ;  C.A.Crane,  l:!0.  Infirmary 
Director -R.  A.  Forsyth,  2,658;  T.L.Clark,  1,862'; 
James   M.    Brigham,    76.      Coroner — S.   H.   Bergen, 

2.647  ;  David  Johnson,  l,s:',l  ;  Andrew  J.  Seeley,  83; 
Michael  Goulden,  51. 

Ashley's  majority  in  the  District  for  Congress  over 
Steedman  was  1,204. 

The  vote  of  Ohio  stood :  Republican,  215,277  ; 
Democratic,  189,999  ;  Union  (Bell  and  Everett),  8,640. 

The  vote  of  Lucas  County  for  President,  stood  : 
Lincoln,  2,889;  Douglas,  1,716;  Breckenridge,  8:J: 
Bell,  i:!l. 

The  vote  for  President  in  the  State  was  :  Lincoln, 
2;!1,610;  Douglas,  187,232;  Breckenridge,  11,405; 
Bell,  12,193;  Smith  (Anti-Slavery),  i:3C. 

The  result  in  the  Electoral  Colleges  for  President, 


stood :    Lincoln,    180 ;    Breckenridge,   72 ;    Bell,   39 ; 

Douglas,  12. 

Between  1853  and  ISfiO,  there  existed  in  this 
country  a  secret  organization,  known  as"  Know 
Nothings."  It  was  chiefly  political  in  its  char- 
acter and  design,  though  partaking  n)ore  or 
less  of  religious  sentiment.  The  main  object 
sought  through  its  instrumentality,  was  restric- 
tion of  the  political  influence  of  foreign-boi'n 
residents,  to  bo  obtained  through  such  modifi- 
cation of  the  naturalization  laws,  as  should 
largely  exclude  such  from  the  ballot.  For  a 
time  this  organization  exercised  considerable 
influence,  not  so  much  by  its  own  independent 
power,  as  by  acting  as  a  "  balance  of  power" 
between  the  old  political  ]iarties.  In  this  way 
its  secrecy  in  action  enabled  its  leaders  to  direct 
its  political  force  in  such  ways  as  to  prevent 
observation  of  their  plans  and  i)urposes,  which 
often  were  first  made  known  through  results. 
Their  places  of  meeting  were  kept  a  secret,  and 
even  membership  and  knowledge  of  the  exist- 
ence of  the  order  were  denied  bj'  those  assum- 
ing its  vows. 

In  1855  appeared  another  secret  political  or- 
ganization, known  as  the  "  Sag  Nichts."  To 
what  extent  it  existed,  is  not  certain ;  but  it 
was  probably  limited.  While  its  name  indi- 
cated a  German  origin  and  membership,  it  was 
probably  made  up  largely  of  other  nationalities, 
including  skilled  political  managers.  It  seemed 
to  have  been  designed  chiefly  as  an  oft'set  lor 
the  "  Know  Nothings,"  or  "  Americans."  The 
published  basis  of  the  movement  was  as 
follows  : 

That  in  order  that  our  opposition  to  Know  Noth- 
ingism  may  be  more  effectual  in  preventing  the  in- 
cendiary efforts  of  those  who  seek  to  change  the 
Government  as  regards  religious  frccdoui,  and  who 
seek  to  make  birth  a  qualification  for  oHice,  we  form 
ourselves  into  an  association,  to  be  known  as  the 
"Sag  Nichts  Constitutional  Convention." 

About  the  same  time,  another  secret  organi- 
zation (the  "Know  Somethings")  came  into 
existence,  also  having  for  its  object  resistance 
to  the  "  Know  Nothings;  '  but  it  was  short- 
lived and  limited  in   membership. 

18(51. 

The  facts  and  circumstances  attending  the 
great  Rebellion  for  the  overthrow  of  the  l^nion 
and  the  establishment  of  a  Slave  despotism  in 
the  South,  which  immediately  followed  the 
election  of  Lincoln  and  Hamlin,  need  not  to  be 
recited  here.  Suffice  it  now  to  say,  that  the 
effect  of  that  gigantic  crime  against  liumanitj^ 
and  good  Government,  was  substantially  the 
same  in  Lucas  County,  as  throughout  most  of 
the  Northern  States.  The  first  result  was  the 
manifestation  of  a  degree  and  extent  of  loyalty 
to  the  Union,  as  gratifying  to' the  hearts  of  true 
Americans,  as  it  was  surprising  and  disheart- 
ening to  the  chief  authors  of  that  movement. 


350 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


The  prompt  and  effective  response  of  this  sec- 
tion to  the  call  for  volunteers  to  suppress  the 
Rebellion  in  the  field,  is  shown  in  another  por- 
tion of  this  volume.  Here  will  bo  proper  a 
brief  record  of  the  political  support  given  to 
the  government  in  the  same  connection. 

The  first  movement  in  that  direction  after 
the  breaking  out  of  the  War,  consisted  in  the 
calling  of  a  "  Union  County  Convention,"  by 
about  10(1  citizens  of  all  former  jxarty  aflilia- 
tions.     The  call  was  as  follows  : 

The  undersigned,  believins  that  in  the  present 
struggle  for  the  preservation  of  the  Government  and 
of  the  Union,  men  of  all  parties  ought  to  unite  for  a 
vigorous  and  successful  prosecution  of  the  War  for 
that  purpose,  respectfully  invite  all  voters  of  Lucas 
County,  who  are  willing  to  place  their  country's  need 
above  party  fealty,  and  adopt  for  their  principle  of 
union — "The  Constitution  and  the  Union,  now  and 
forever,  one  and  inseparable,"  and  "  No  Compromise 
with  traitors  in  arms  against  the  Government  " — to 
meet  bv  their  delegates  in  County  Convention,  at 
College  Hall  (formerly  the  Wigwam),  in  Toledo,  Au- 
gust 31,  1861,  for  the  purpose  of  nominating  a  County 
ticket,  to  be  supported  by  those  of  like  sentiment  at 
the  State  and  County  elections  next  fall,  and  also  to 
choose  delegates  to  the  State  and  District  Conven- 
tions to  be  held  for  like  purpose. 

Under  this  call,  a  Convention  was  held,  of 
which  Colonel  James  B.  Steedman  was  the 
President,  and  P.  T.  Clark  and  Noe  Nelson 
Secretaries.  The  following  were  the  delegates 
Ijresent : 

From  Toledo:  1st  Ward— Wm.  Baker,  Milton 
Barrett,  F.  A.  Jones,  Jas.  L.  Smith,  Ed.  Connolly, 
A.  B.  Brownlee,  Valentine  Wall,  E.  S.  Piatt.  2d  Ward 
— Chas.  Pratt,  L.  H.  Pike,  Harry  Chase,  Wm.  H. 
Harris,  Dr.  F.  J.  Klauser,  Ed.  C.  Smith,  Mavor  Brig- 
ham,  Thos.  Dunlap,  T.  Sheldon,  M.  D.  Carrington. 
3d  Ward — J.  B.  Steedman,  Dennis  Coghlin,  Louis 
Wachenheimer,  Robert  Cummings,  Declan  Allen, 
Paul  Jones,  S.  M.  Young,  Peter  Lenk,  J.  Austin  Scott, 
Darwin  E.  Gardner.  4th  Ward— W.  C.  Hoffman,  Wm. 
Kraus,  Henry  Breed,  Sam.  Wagner,  Guido  Marx, 
Horace  Thacher,  W.  Hannin,  Maurice  Conli.sk,  J. 
McGettigin,  H.  S.  Commager.  .5th  Ward — M.  B. 
Doyle,  Michael  Hayden,  W.  J.  Freatenborough,  War- 
ren Russell,  Thos.  B.  Smith,  Martin  Leezen.  6th 
Ward — Wm.  Mack,  Daniel  A.  Brown.  Springfield — 
H.  Dunn,  Perrv  Wood.  Kichfield— Pliny  Lathrop, 
W.  W.  Wilson,  John  Titus,  M.  Bennett.  Waterville 
— L.  L.  Morehouse,  A.  J.  Eldridge,  Thos.  Shoemaker, 
J.  E.  Hall,  John  Rakestraw,  Elijah  Dodd.  Monclova 
—A.  O.  Gunn,  C.  Van  Fleet.  Swanton— John  G. 
Wales,  Thos.  Huwlett.  Adams— Harvey  Kellogg, 
Patrick  Carey.  Spencer— Wm.  Taylor,  Wm.  E.  Cole. 
Waynesfield— E.  Hunter,  Wm.  Limbrick.  Maumee 
City  :  1st  Ward— P.  C.  Holt,  James  Howes,  Thos. 
Dale,  F.  Quiggle.  2d  Ward— N.  Nelson,  H.  Shields. 
3d  Ward— Curtis  Perry,  Louis  Dewey.  Providence— 
Wm.  Atkinson,  Thos.  (^uigley.  Washington — Henry 
Bennett,  B.  F.  Mallett,  A.  C.  Harris, 'Ed.  Upton. 
IManhattan- Jona.  Wynn,  Jas.  Cole.  Sylvania— Benj. 
Joy,  John  U.  Pease,  H.  D.  Warren,  R."C.  Thompson, 
O.  HoUoway,  P.  T.  Clark.  Oregon— Chas.  A.  Crane, 
R.  V.  Boice,  Geo.  D.  Treat,  David  Youngs. 

A  Union  District  Convention,  called  on  the 
same  basis,  nominated  Dr.  C.  M.  Godfrey  of 
Putnam  County,  for  Senator.     A  Union  Judi- 


cial Convention  nominated  Judge  S.  F.  Tay- 
lor for  re-election  as  Judge  of  the  Common 
Pleas  Court,  and  John  L.  Greene,  of  Sandusky 
County,  for  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Judge  S.  T.  Worcester,  elected  to  Congress  in 
1860.  There  was  no  opposition  to  these  candi- 
dates. 

A    Democratic    State  ticket  was  nominated. 

The  result  of  the  election  in  Lucas  County 
was  as  follows : 

Governor— David  Tod,  1,652  ;  Hugh  J.  Jewett,  232. 
Judges  of  Common  Pleas— S.  F.  Taylor  (full  term), 
1,7S2  ;  John  L.  Greene  (vacancy),  1,797.  Senator — 
C.  M.  Godfrey,  1,778.  Representative — Tames  Myers, 
1,770.  Auditor — Alex.  Reed,  1,777.  Treasurer — V. 
Braun,  1,761.  Sheriff— N.  M.  Landis,  1,7.S3.  Com- 
missioner— Wm.  Taylor,  1,775.  Prosecuting  Attor- 
ney—R.  C.  Lemmon,  1,781.  Inflrmarv  Director — 
C.  A.  Crane,  1,780. 

The  very  light  vote  cast  was  due  to  the  lack 
of  opposition.  The  only  opposition  to  the  Ju- 
dicial candidates  was  in  Ottawa  Count}-,  where 
]15  votes  were  cast  for  Wm.  Annesly,  of  that 
County,  and  for  John  Whitbeck,  of  Huron 
County.  The  vote  of  the  State  gave  David  Tod 
(Union)  55,009  majority  over  H.  J.  Jewett 
(Democrat). 

1862. 

One  of  the  most  memorable  of  local  politi- 
cal campaigns  in  Northwestern  Ohio,  was  that 
in  the  Fifth  Congressional  District,  in  1862. 
It  was  in  the  second  year  of  the  Pebellion,  and 
a  chief  cause  of  special  interest  then  was  a  dif- 
ference in  sentiment  in  regard  to  the  War 
policy  of  the  Government  in  respect  to  Slavery. 
One  view  in  this  regard  was  that  the  abolition 
of  Slavery  should  be  accepted  as  an  end  to  be 
sought  in  the  prosecution  of  the  War,  and  at 
once  be  so  declared  b}'  the  President.  On  the 
other  hand,  it  was  held  that  the  paramount  and 
only  proper  aim  should  be  to  defend  the  Gov- 
ernment from  overthrow  by  rebellion,  and 
maintain  the  Union  in  its  integrity,  leaving 
Slavi-r}',  with  all  other  special  interests,  to  take 
its  chances  in  the  exigencies  and  results  of  the 
War,  which  policj',  from  the  first,  had  been 
avowed  and  pursued  by  the  Government. 
The  former  of  these  views  was  supported  by 
Hon.  James  M.  Ashley,  then  the  Eepresenta- 
tive  of  the  District  in  Congress,  who,  in  a  series 
of  letters  to  the  Toledo  Blade,  in  1861,  had 
urged  such  policy,  his  main  reason  therefor 
being  that  as  Slavery  had  been  the  chief  cause 
and  was  then  the  main  support  of  the  War  on 
the  part  of  the  Confederates,  it  should  at  once 
be  removed. 

The  result  of  such  disagreement  was  the 
nomination  of  Mr.  Ashlej-  for  re-election  by 
the  supporters  of  the  more  radical  Anti-Slavery 
policj',  and  that  of  Morrison  E.  Waite  by  a 
Convention  of  friends  of  the  opposing  policy. 
The  principal  popular  demonstration  of  the 
campaign  was  a  meeting  of  the  supporters  of 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


351 


Mr.  Waito  in  Toledo,  October  6th,  of  which  the 
officers  were  as  follows  ; 

Prt'siileut— David  Smith.  Vice-Pivsidents— Rii'li- 
ard  Mott,  AVaiTi'ii  CoUiuni,  Dr.  Jacob  Clark,  'I'.  II. 
Hoag,  \V.  W.  Griffith,  Win.  Baker,  Joliii  Sinclair, 
Fred.  Witker,  Calvin  Bronson,  llcnrv  Brand,  ,1. 
Austin  Scott,  Augustus  Thomas,  Beruanl  Mcilink, 
Robeit  Cumvuings,  Wm.  Wilmington,  Valentine 
Wall,  Peter  H.  Shaw,  John  P.  Freeman,  C.  A.  Row- 
sey,  Dr.  O.  White,  Fred.  Just,  K.  J.  Skidmore,  M. 
O'Brien,  M.  D.  Carrington,  T.  H.  Hough,  II.  S.  Wal- 
bridge,  Wm.  Rotf,  F.  J.  King,  Salmon  H.  Keeler, 
Abner  L.  White,  Thos.  Tuey,  N.  M.  Laudis.  Secre- 
taries—Geo.  R.  Haynes,  C.  A.  C*rane,  Junius  Flagg, 
A.  F.  Machen,  Geo.  Platfoot,  E.  B.  Hyde,  John  B. 
Foreman. 

By  invitation  Mr.  Waite addressed  the  meet- 
ing, discussing  ditlerent  points  of  the  War,  its 
origin  and  purpose,  and  the  proper  policy  in 
its  managemeat,  saying  that 

If  elected,  he  should  employ  his  ofiicial  power  for 
the  prosecution  of  the  War  by  the  most  eflective  and 
vigorous  means,  until  the  old  Hag  should  again  wave 
over  every  foot  of  territory  belonging  to  the  Union. 
Nothing  less  than  the  defeat  and  disarming  of  every 
Rebel,  and  the  complete  restoration  of  constitutional 
authority,  would  satisfy  him.  Nothing  should  be 
omitted — nothing  neglected — that  could  in  any  way 
add  to  the  efficiency  of  the  National  arms  ;  and  no 
interest — however  great  or  small — should  be  permit- 
ted to  stand  in  the  way.  After  expressing  the  opinion 
that  the  abolition  of  Slavery  was  an  object  on  many 
accounts  desirable,  Mr.  Waite  said,  that  as  a  member 
of  Congress,  he  could  have  no  power  to  interfere  with 
Slavery  in  the  States.  Congress  could  pass  laws  to 
jiunish  crime  and  declare  forfeiture  of  property,  as 
had  been  done ;  but  in  such  case,  there  must  be  a 
trial  of  the  individual  charged,  and  no  forfeiture 
could  result  until  suoli  trial  and  conviction.  He 
wished  Slavery  might  be  abolished  throughout  the 
land,  but  so  long  as  the  Constitution  remained  as  it 
then  stood,  Congress  had  no  right  to  interfere  with 
the  institution  in  the  States,  except  as  stated.  This 
is  the  rule  for  Congress,  in  peace  and  in  war.  No 
new  power  was  given  that  body  by  the  War.  To  get 
that,  the  Constitution  must  be  peaceably  amended  in 
pursuance  of  its  own  terms.  But  a  new  state  of  things 
exi.sted.  The  South  had  forced  a  rebellion  upon  the 
country,  and  with  that  came  War,  and  the/fn/'.s  of  War. 
The  President,  as  Commander-in-chief,  and  his  Gen- 
erals in  the  field,  hail  the  power  to  do  anything  war- 
ranted by  the  laws  of  war,  to  strengthen  his  own 
army  or  to  weaken  that  of  the  enemy.  The  Rebels, 
in  making  War,  had  assumed  all  tlie  risks  and  respon- 
sibilities of  such  condition.  It  was  the  duty  of  the 
Commander  to  weaken  his  enemy— take  his  property 
of  every  kind  and  nature;  and  his  life  itself,  if  neces- 
sary, to  this  end.  Slaves  formed  no  exception  to  this 
rule.  Of  course,  whatever  was  done  to  property  or 
life,  must  be  regulated  by  the  laws  of  War,  and  all, 
from  the  Conunander-in-Chief  down  to  the  Soldier 
in  the  ranks,  were  answerable  for  the  violation  of 
those  laws.  But  the  Commander  was  the  sole  judge 
as  to  what  was  necessary,  whether  in  battle  or  else- 
where. Slavery  was,  "beyond  question,  the  chief 
strength  of  the  Rebels.  By  keeping  the  laboring  por- 
tion of  their  population  at  home,  the  others  were  at 
liberty  to  light  us.  The  President,  unquestionably, 
had  the  right  to  destroy  that  element  of  .strength,  and 
it  was  for  him  to  determine  when  it  should  be  done. 
Accordingly,  believing  the  time  was  approaching 
when  this  power  should  be  employed,  the  President 
(in  his  preliminary  proclamation  of  ;September,  1862) 
had  given  notice  of  his  intention  to   take   from   the 


Rebels  this  element  of  their  strength,  and  that  on  the 
hst  of  January,  ISti:!,  all  Slaves  in  States  then  still  in 
rebellion  would  be  declared  free.  Mr.  Waite  said  ho 
fully  sustained  the  President  in  such  action,  for  the 
reasons  already  stated.  He  thought  the  thanks  of  the 
country  were  due  to  President  i.incolu,  for  his])atient 
waiting  for  the  proper  occasion  and  conditions  for 
such  action,  and  his  lirnuiess  in  adhering  to  his  own 
sense  of  duty  and  propriety,  instead  of  acting  upon 
the  advice  of  tho.se  less  informed  of  the  condition  of 
things,  and  having  less  responsibility  of  action. 

A  Democratic  Convention  was  held,  whicli 
by  a  vote  of  101  to  S2  decided  not  to  present  a 
candidate  for  Congress,  wlien  the  minority 
withdrew  and  placed  in  nomination  Edward 
L.  Phelps,  of  Defiance  County,  as  a  Democratic 
candidate.  This  action  had  the  cfl'ect  to  lead 
the  body  of  the  Democratic  party  in  the  Coun- 
ties of  Putnam,  Henry,  Defiance  and  Williams, 
to  unite  in  an  effort  to  secure  a  partisan  Con- 
gressman as  the  result  of  division  on  the  part 
of  their  opponents.  At  the  same  time,  the  rad- 
ical portion  of  Republicans  adhered  to  Mr. 
Ashley  as  the  most  eflective  way  of  expressing 
their  desire  for  a  "  more  vigorous  War  policy  " 
as  to  Slaverj'.  The  result  was  the  re-election 
of  Mr.  Ashley  by  a  vole  of  7,1)13,  to  5,8.50  for 
Waite,  and  5,234  for  Phelps. 

The  vote  in  Lucas  County  was  as  follows: 

Secretary  of  State— W.  S.  Kennon,*  3,006;  W.  W. 
Armstrong,!  1,142.  Member  of  Congress — M.  R. 
Waite,  2,718;  J.  M.  Ashley,  1,372;  Edwin  Phelps,t 
73.  Recorder — Jona.  Wynn,*  3,043  ;  Thos.  Tiernan,f 
428.  Commissioner — D.  F.  Cook,*  4,118.  Survevor— 
E.  W.  Lenderson,  2,386  ;  L.  W.  Doane,t  1,715."  In- 
firmary Director— Ben j.  Mallett,*  4,010.  Coroner— 
S.  H.  Bergen,*  3,037 ;  Patrick  C^uiglcy,!  91-1 ;  J.  G. 
Nolan, -f  197.     (*Union.    fl^emocrats.) 

1863. 

The  matter  of  the  Rebellion  and  the  questions 
growing  out  of  the  War  entered  more  directly 
into  the  political  canvass  of  1863,  than  of  the 
previous  two  years.  The  nomination  by  the 
Democratic  Convention  of  Ohio  of  C.  L.  Val- 
landigham  for  Governor,  presented  the  issue  of 
the  continued  prosecution  of  the  War  or  its  un- 
conditional abandonment,  so  squarely  and 
clearly  as  to  leave  no  room  for  doubt  on  that 
point. 

At  the  previous  State  election  (1862),  largely 
through  over-confidence  on  the  part  of  the 
friends  of  the  War,  and  in  some  degree  as  the 
result  of  disappointment  in  the  field — the  Dem- 
ocrats had  secured  a  majority  vote  in  the  State. 
This  fact  operated,  not  onl}-  to  arouse  the  more 
earnest  activity  on  the  part  of  the  Union  men, 
but  to  draw  to  Ohio  the  attention  of  both  sides 
of  the  great  question  throughout  the  country  to 
such  extent  as  almost  to  make  it  the  recognized 
battlefield  for  the  decision  of  the  contest.  That 
great  issue  was  promptly  met  b}'  the  friends 
of  the  War  policy,  who  at  once  entered  upon 
an  active  campaign,  with  John  Brough,  a  life- 
long Democrat,  as  their  nominee  for  Governor. 


352 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


This  was  done  with  the  greater  vigor,  from  the 
fact,  that  in  July  tiio  hopes  of  this  party  were 
very  much  strengtliened  by  thebrilliant  success 
ofTTiiion  arms  at  Gettysburg,  Vicksburg  and 
Port  Hudson,  besides  lesser  successes  elsewhere. 

The  Kepublican  County  Convention  was  held 
July  ISth,  with  Augustus  Thomas  as  its  tem- 
porary, and  Mavor  Brigham  as  permanent 
President,  and  W.  K.  Hiill  as  Secretary.  The 
names  of  the  candidates  nominated  will  appear 
in  the  election  returns  which  follow. 

A  mass  meeting  of  Democrats  was  held  in 
August,  with  the  following  officers  ;  President 
— Michael  Handy,  Fulton  County.  Vice-Pres- 
idents—O.  W.  Willett,  Williams  ;  J.  N.  West- 
cott.  Wood  ;  Dr.  Eussell,  Defiance ;  W.  J.  Cro- 
zier,  Henry;  John  Templeton,  Fulton;  Gen. 
Joseph  W.  Brown,  Lucas;  J.  H.  Smith,  Put- 
nam; J.  K.  Newcomer,  Ottawa.  Secretaries — 
Wm.  Sheridan,  Williams;  F.  A.  Hunt,  Fulton. 
E.  S.  Piatt,  of  Lucas,  read  a  letter  from  C.  L. 
Vallandigham,  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
Governor,  dated  "  Table  Rock  House,  Niagara 
Falls,  July  31,  1803,"  in  which  he  repeated  sub- 
stantiall}'  the  views  and  purposes  of  the  War, 
for  the  utterance  of  which  he  had  been  arrested 
and  expelled  from  Ohio,  and  had  taken  refuge 
in  Canada.  The  meeting  was  addres.sed  by 
S.  S.  Cox,  then  of  Columbus,  and  subsequently 
member  of  Congi'ess  from  New  York,  and  by 
Geo.  H.  Pendleton,  both  of  whom  spoke  in 
support  of  the  policy  advanced  by  Mr.  Vallan- 
digham. 

Israel  Green,  of  Hancock,  was  nominated  as 
the  Union  candidate  for  Senator,  but  declined, 
for  the  reason  that  he  expected  to  remove  from 
the  District;  whereupon  Wm.  Sheffield,  of 
Henry,  was  nominated.  On  account  of  lack  of 
legal  residence  within  the  District,  Mr.  Shef- 
field was  ineligible,when  a  third  Convention  was 
held  which  nominated  James  C.  Hall,  of  Lucas. 

A  Union  meeting  was  held  at  Toledo,  Octo- 
ber 9th,  of  which  H.  J.  Hayes  was  President, 
and  which  was  addressed  by  Colonel  John  R. 
Bond  and  Major  J.  A.  Shannon,  10th  Ohio,  and 
Colonel  G.  P.  Este,  14th  Ohio.  Another  like 
meeting  on  the  10th  October  was  addressed  by 
M.  R.  Waite  and  Colonel  Este.  While  the 
former  was  speaking,  a  man  with  an  Irish 
brogue  was  noisy  in  protest  against  the  senti- 
ments expressed,  when  Mr.  Waite  turned  to 
him  and  said  : 

"  My  friend,  why  are  you  here  ?  Why  did  you 
leave  j'our  home  under  the  British  Government? 
And  coming  to  this  country,  why  did  you  not  go  to 
Charleston  instead  of  coming  to  Toledo?" 

"  I  came  for  my  liberties,"  was  the  reply. 

"  Then  you  came  here,"  said  Mr.  Waite,  "  because 
this  Government  is  better  than  any  other  you  could 
find.  Why,  then,  are  you  not  wiUing  to  stand  by  it, 
when  Rebels  are  seeking  to  destroy  it  ?  It  has  made 
you  and  me  all  we  are,  and  we  should  defend  it." 

Another  interrupted  with  complaint  of  the 
conscription  law,  when  Mr.  Waite  said  to  him  : 


Sir,  had  you  landed  and  made  your  home  in  the 
South  instead  of  the  North,  you  would  have  been 
conscripted  and  worn  out  before  this  time. 

In  this  spirit  and  manner  the  speaker  kept 
his  audience  in  good  feeling  throughout,  and 
turned  each  assault  to  the  advantage  of  his 
cause.  The  result  of  the  vote  in  Lucas  County 
was  as  follows : 

Governor— Brough,  3,585 ;  Vallandigham,  1,712. 
State  Senator— James  C.  Hall,  3,.5.39;  R.  C.  Lemmon, 
1,790.  Representative— L.  L.  Morehouse,  3,.5fi2  ;  John 
E.  Hunt,  1,757.  Countv  Clerk— Victor  Keen,  H,."i.55 ; 
Chas.  R.  Dennett,  1,779.  Probate  Judge -F.  A. 
Jones,  3  490;  C.  1.  Scott,  1,780;  E.  T>.  Nye  (Ind.), 
46.  Prosecuting  Attorney— Geo.  R.  Havi'ies,  3,498; 
Thos.  Dunlap.  ~1.801.  Sheriflf— Nathan  M.  Landis, 
3,.372  ;  Foster  R.  Warren,  1,937.  Auditor— James  L. 
Smith,  3,501  ;  John  G.  Ishaui,  1,802.  Treasurer- 
Ernst  Greiner,  3,286;  Henry  Brand,  2,026.  Com- 
missioner—Paul Jones,  3,.545 ;  Wm.  H.  Raymond, 
1,792.  Infirmary  Director— John  Weible,  3,489 ;  F. 
T.  Evans.  1,834.  Coroner— Dr.  S.  H.  Bergen,  3,541  ; 
Dr.  W.  W.  Jones,  1,792. 

By  a  law  passed  the  previous  Winter,  pro- 
vision was  made  for  the  voting  of  Soldiers  at 
their  various  quarters,  whether  in  camp  or  in 
the  field.  The  Soldiers"  vote  of  Lucas  County 
for  Governor  was  724  for  Brough  and  24  for 
Vallandigham,  which  made  the  total  for  the 
County :  Brough,  4,309;  Vallandigham,  1,736. 
Union  majority,  2,573.  The  Soldiers'  vote  on 
County  ticket  "was  about  100  less  than  that  on 
Governor.  The  "  Home  "  vote  of  the  State 
stood:  Brough,  247,216;  Vallandigham,  185,- 
464.  Brough 's  majority,  61,752.  Soldiers' 
vote:  Brough,  40,921  ;  Vallandigham,  2,343. 
Brough 's  majority  on  Soldiers'  vote,  38,758. 
Totat majority  for  Brough,  100,330. 

1864. 

The  Presidential  campaign  of  1864,  being  for 
the  first  National  election  after  the  commence- 
ment of  the  War,  was  attended  bj-  all  the  in- 
terest which  such  an  occasion  could  excite. 

The  Democratic  party,  bj'  the  platform 
adopted  in  connection  with  the  nomination  of 
General  McClellan  for  President  and  George 
H.  Pendleton  for  Vice-President,  declared  the 
War  for  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion  to 
have  been  to  that  time  "  a  failure,"  and  on  that 
ground  demanded  that  it  cease,  and  that  steps 
be  taken  by  the  Government  for  such  peaceful 
arrangement  with  the  Confederates  as  might 
be  found  practicable  through  negotiation.  On 
the  other  hand,  the  Union  Convention  b}' 
acclamation  nominated  President  Lincoln  for 
reelection,  and  put  forth  a  declaration  of  pur- 
pose to  prosecute  the  War  against  the  rebels  to 
final  success.  It  was  further  declared  that  the 
Constitution  should  be  so  amended  as  to  abolish 
Slavery.  With  the  issue  of  the  continued  pros- 
ecution of  the  War  to  final  success  or  its  aban- 
donment without  conditions,  thus  squarely  pre- 
sented, the  deepest  feelings  and  most  earnest 
efforts  of  the  friends  of  each  side  were  enlisted. 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


:153 


The  Union  party  were  at  one  time  somewhat 
embarrassed  hy  a  movement  on  the  part  of  a 
few  disaffected  advocates  of  a  policy  more  radi- 
cal as  to  Slavery  than  was  that  then  pursued. 
The  latter  held  a  Convention  looking  to  sepa- 
rate action  in  support  of  their  views;  but  this 
plan  was  never  carried  into  execution,  and  failed 
of  results. 

A  Lincoln  and  Johnson  Ciuli  was  formed  in 
Toledo  with  the  following  officers  : 

President — Horace  S.  Walbridge.  Vice-Presidents 
—James  C.  Hall,  Col.  C.  B.  Phillips,  Paul  Jones, 
Henry  Breed,  W.  T.  Walker,  W.  W.  Gritlith,  Andrew 
Stephan,  R.  H.  Bell,  Matthew  Brown,  Alonzo  Rogers, 
James  H.  Campbell.  James  Ravmer,  V.  H.  ICetchani, 
Stillman  Brown,  C.  D.  WoodrufT,  Alex.  Reed,  Maj. 
E.  B.  Hall,  Wm.  Kraus.  Recording  Secretaries — 
John  H.  Doyle,  Geo.  R.  Haynes.  Corresponding 
Secretary — Cyrus  P.  Leland.  Executive  Committee 
— Chas.  Pratt,  John  T.  Newton,  Ernst  Kibbe,  T.  B. 
Casey,  V.  Braun,  N.  M.  Howard,  C.  A.  King. 

A  similar  club  was  formed  in  East  Toledo, 
with  the  following  officei's: 

President — Alonzo  Rogers.  Vice-Presidents — A. 
\V.  Maddocks,  John  Quinn,  Albert  Royes,  J.  C.  Mes- 
ser,  Alphonso  Stratton,  Thomas  AVynn.  Secretary — 
James  Raymer.    Treasurer — John  Thorp. 

In  18(34,  Mr.  Ashley  was  again  a  candidate, 
his  only  oi^ponent  Colonel  A.  V.  Rice,  of  Put- 
nam County,  the  Democratic  candidate.  The 
latter  was  at  the  time  Colonel  of  the  57th  Ohio 
Infantry,  and  being  severely  wounded  at  both 
Chickamauga,  in  1863,  and  at  Kenesaw  Moun- 
tain, in  1864,  was  at  the  time  of  the  election  at 
home  awaiting  recovery  after  the  amputation 
of  a  leg.  While  there  was  no  organized  oppo- 
sition to  Mr.  Ashley  among  the  Republicans, 
large  numbers  of  them  either  withheld  from 
him  their  votes  or  cast  them  for  Colonel   Rice. 

The  vote  iu  Lucas  County  was  as  follows : 

Judge  of  Supreme  Court — Luther  Day,  2,7.50;  P. 
Van  Trump,  1,903.  Judge  of  Common  Pleas — John 
Fitch,  2,764;  Thos.  P.  Finefrock,  1,887.  Commis- 
•sioner — Wm.  Taylor,  2, 73fi  ;  James  C.  Wales,  1,911. 
Infirmary  Director — C.  A.  Crane,  2,740  ;  Valentine 
Wall,  1,912. 

Congress— J.  M.  Ashley,  2,282  ;  A.  V.  Rice,  2,:!2.). 
The  Home  vote  on  Congress  gave  Rice  930  majority 
in  the  District,  with  a  Union  majority  on  the  State 
ticket  of  802.  This  was  overcome  by  Ashley's  ma- 
jority of  1,034  in  the  Soldiers'  vote,  giving  him  a  net 
majority  of  704  in  the  District. 

The  vote  of  the  State  stood  ;  Union— Home  vote, 
204,492;  Soldiers' vote,  33,431 -total,  237,927.  Demo- 
cratic—Home vote,  179,471;  Soldiers'  vote,  4,614— 
total,  183,985.  Union  majority,  53,942.  The  State 
vote  on  President  stood  :  Lincoln  —  Home  vote, 
224,008 ;  Soldiers,  41,146— total,  265,154.  McClellan— 
Home,  198,811 ;  Soldiers,  9,757— total,  205,568.  Lin- 
coln's majority,  -59,586. 

1865. 


Carlin,  2,990;  Cloys  B.  Wilson,  1,697;  Henry  V>. 
Taylor,  1,696.  Representative- John  A.  Cha.se,  2,779; 
John  B.  Carson,  1,892.  Pro.secuting  Attorney— Geo. 
R.  Hayne.^,  2,974;  IJenben  C.  Lemmon,  1,700.  Sherid' 
—  Henry  D.  Kingsbury,  :!,043  ;  Florence  J.  Sullivan, 
1,643.  Au<litnr— James  L.  Smith,  2,965 ;  C.  B.  Van 
Fleet,  1,707.  Treasurer  — Ernst  (irciner,  2,994  ;  S.  \V. 
Freeman,  1,(171.  Recorder  —  Anson  Trowbridge, 
1,941  ;  Josiali  \V.  White,  2,731.  Commissioner— Geo. 
\V.  Reynolds,  2,984  ;  Jacob  Fancher,  1,710.  Surveyor 
— E.  \V.  liCnderson,  2,987;  scattering,  3.  Inlirmarv 
Director— Benj.  Mallett,  2,969  ;  James  C.  Wales.  1,700. 
Coroner — Marcus  Schnetzler,  2,962;  C.  Cochran, 
1,6.50.  (The  first  names  are  of  Rc|)ul)licans,  and  the 
.second  of  Democrats.)  The  vote  of  the  State  on  ( iov- 
ernor,  stood:  J.  D.  Cox,  223,6,33;  G.  W.  Morgan, 
19.3,697. 

lS(i(l. 

The  Union  County  Convenlion  for  ISOG  was 
held  Auii'ust  8th,  of  which  L.  L.  .Morehouse,  of 
VVaterville,  was  President,  and  K.  W.  Lender- 
son,  Secretary. 

A  Convention  of  Soldiers  in  Lucas  County 
was  held  in  Toledo,  Seiitembcr  IS,  1866,  for  the 
purpose  of  organization  as  "  Boys  in  Blue," 
with  reference  to  ijolilical  action  in  supiioi-l  of 
particular  measures  in  the  restoration  of  the 
Government  from  the  condition  of  War.  The 
officers  were  as  follows  : 

President — General  H.  0.  Kingsbury  ;  Vice-Presi- 
dents— J.  Kent  Hamilton,  Edward  Stephan,  Cecil  A. 
Hall,  John  Kountz,  J.  VV.  Cunmiings,  John  J.  Baird, 
Sergeant  McDonald,  Leroy  E.  (lark,  A.  B.  Collin, 
James  W.  McCabe,  Captain  W.  D.  ^foore,  l>ieutenant 
Harrison  Wood,  Colonel  H.  N.  Howland,  H.  W. 
Hendrickson,  Wm.  Leybourne,  Samuel  Jacobs,  Chas. 
Dennis,  EliasTrapp,  Captain  Geo.  W.  Norton.  Secre- 
taries— Otho  Klemm,  Chas.  H.  Jones.  Treasurer — 
Ernst  Greiner.  Executive  Committee — General  I..onis 
von  Blcssingh,  Colonel  C.  W.  Hill,  Captain  J.  W. 
White,  Captain  Chas.  Kent,  Lieutenant  Jas.  Harris, 
John  L.  Wiltse,  IJeutenant  W.  H.  Perigo,  George  S. 
Griffin,  Lieutenant  W.  H.  H.  Snnth,  Captain  fl.  G. 
Neubert. 

Mr.  Ashley  was  again  a  candidate,  his  oppo- 
nent being  General  Henry  S.  Commager, 
Democratic  nominee.  As  in  the  case  of  Colonel 
Rice,  G^eneral  C.  received  the  support  of  a 
large  number  of  Union  men,  thoiigii  Mr. 
Ashley  was  ai;ain  elected,  having  a  majority  of 
1,917  in  the  District. 

The  following  was  the  result  of  the  October 
election,  in  1866  (first  named  being  Republi- 
cans, and  second  named  I>emocrals)  ; 

Secretary  of  State— W.  H.  Smith,  4,193;  B.  F.  Le- 
Fever,  2,624.  Congress— J.  M.  Ashley,  3,937  ;  H.  S. 
Commager,  2,851.  County  ("lerk  —  S'ictor  Keen, 
4,202;  P.  Hanlon,  2,608.  Probate  Judge  ~  F.  A. 
Jones,  4,182;  C.  I.  Scolt.  2,625.  Comnnssioner— Paul 
Jones,  4,184;  W.  J.  Finlay,  2,62:!.  Intirmary  Di- 
rector—John Weible,  4,167  ;  Louis  Kaiser,  2,637. 


The  following   was  the  vote   in  the  County 
in  1865: 

Governor— J.   D.    Cox,   2,942 ;    Geo.    W.   Morgan. 
1,712.     State  Senators— James  C.  Hall,  3,008  ;  Parlee 


1867. 

Toledo  was  advanced  to  the  grade  of  City  of 
the  First  Class,  in   1867,  and  the  first  election 


;554 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


held  therciifter  was  April  1.  1S07,  with  the 
following  result  ; 

Mavor— C.  A.  King,  SO:)  inajoritv  over  T.  11.  Hoag. 
Police  .Tudge -James  M.  Kitcliie,  810  over  W.  H. 
Ingrahara.  Solicitor— Chas.  Kent,  409  over  Thomas 
Dunlap.  Prosecutor  before  Police  Court— J.  K.  Ham- 
ilton, 670  over  E.  D.  Potter,  jr.  Board  of  City  Im- 
provement—Warren Colbnrn,  Andrew  Shurtz,  and 
Henrv  Breed,  over  A.  L.  Backus  and  John  T.  Maher. 
Constables-E.  W.  Hayes,  W.  h.  Kunkle  and  W.  T. 
Hall. 

Tlie  Councilmen  elected  were :  1st  Ward — J.  S. 
Norton,  Andrew  Stephan.  2d  Ward— John  Sinclair, 
Ernst  Kibbe.  3d  Ward— J.  M.  Comstock,  John  H. 
Whitaker.  4tb  Ward— W.  C.  Huflman,  J.  G.  Nolan. 
5th  Ward— Henry  Brand,  Wm.  Hall.  6th  Ward- 
Arnold  McMahah,  W.  Saxton. 

The  result  of  the  October  election  of  1SG7  in 
Lucas  County,  was  as  follows  : 

Governor— R.  B.  Haves,  3,844;  A.  G.  Thurman, 
2,66.5.  State  Senators— James  C.  Hall,  3,808;  Abel 
JI.  Corey,  3,810 ;  John  E.  Hunt,  2,669  ;  Henry  Brown, 
2,667.  Representative — John  Sinclair,  3,833  ;  Oscar 
Wliite,  2,650.  Prosecuting  Attorney — J.  K.  Hamil- 
ton, 3,847.  Sherifl— H.  D.  Kingsbury,  3,910  ;  S.  W. 
Freeman,  2,584.     Auditor— J.  L.   Smith,  3,813 ;  John 

F.  Witker,  2,672 ;  Andrew  Stephan,  3,632 ;  Andrew 
Shurtz,  2,797.  Commissioner— E.  Gordinier,  3,965; 
Clark  C.  Lathrop,  2.633.  Infirmary  Director — L'lias. 
A.  Crane,  3,960 ;  James  W.  Hone,  2,627.  Coroner — 
Jabez  M.  Cooke,  3,886;  J.  G.  Nolan,  2,.595.  (The  first 
named  being  Republicans,  and  the  second  Demo- 
crats.) 

1868. 

The  canijiaiifn  of  18GS  was  chiefly  interesting 
from  the  election  of  a  President.  There  were 
no  new  issues  of  special  importance,  except  the 
question  of  j^aynient  of  United  States  bonds 
and  of  interest  thereon — one  side  holding  that 
both  these  should  be  done  with  "  Greenbacks  " 
or  legal-tender  notes,  while  the  other  side  held 
that  such  paj'ment  should  be  made  in  coin. 
General  Grant  was  nominated  bj-  the  Repub- 
licans for  President,  and  Schuyler  Colfax  for 
Vice-President.  The  Democrats,  for  those 
offices,  nominated  Horatio  Seymour  and  George 
H.  Pendleton. 

In  March,  a  Grant  Club  was  organized  at 
Toledo,  with  the  following  officers  : 

President— James  M.  Ritchie.  Vice  Presidents- 
Jacob  Landman,  Dennison  Steele,  R.  H.  Bell,  Valen- 
tine Braun,  J.  W.  Baird,  Stillman  Brown,  August  C. 
Ehnes,  D.  A.  Pease.  Secretary— A.  E.  Macomber. 
Treasurer — Ernst  Greiner. 

The  Lucas  County  Grant  Club  was  organ- 
ized April  14,  with  the  following  officers  : 

President — Horace  S.  Walbridge.  Vice-President — 

G.  W.  Hill.  Secretary— A.  E.  Macomber.  Treasurer 
— Valentine  Braun.  Executive  Committee— John 
Sinclair,  Wm.  Kraus,  J.  K.  Secor,  R.  H.  Bell,  C.  A. 
King. 

TheEepublican  County  Convention  was  held 
August  15,  1868,  of  which  Timothy  Tredwell 
was  President;  John  Sinclair,  Vice-President; 


and  Don  A.  Pease,  Secretary.  The  County 
ticket  nominated  aj)pears  in  the  returns  of  the 
election. 

Mr.  Ashley  was  then  again  the  Eepublican 
candidate  for  Congress,  with  Truman  H.  Hoag 
as  his  I)emocratic  opponent.  The  latter  was 
a  prominent  business  man  of  Toledo,  and  had 
lieen  actively  identified  with  the  friends  of  the 
Union  during  the  War. 

The  result  of  the  October  election  was  as 
follows  : 

State  ticket— Republican,  4,603 ;  Democratic,  3,642. 
County  Recorder— J.  W.  White,'  4,(>66 ;  Franklin  Y. 
Evans,t  3,.564.  Commissioner  (full  term) — Thomas 
S.  Merrell,*  4. .599  ;  James  W.  Hone,t  3,636.  Com- 
missioner (vacancy)— Je.sse  S.  Norton,*  4,600;  Jacob 
Fancher.  3,642.  Infirmary  Director— Benj.  Mallett,* 
4, .598  ;  Ferdinand  Johnson, T  3.640.  ('Republicans. 
fDemocrats. )  The  vote  for  President  in  Lucas  County 
November,  1868,  show'ed  a  majority  of  1,732  for 
Grant  (Rep.)  over  Seymour  (Dem.).  Grant's  majority 
in  Oliio  was  41, .596. 

The  result  of  the  vote  in  the  District  for 
Congressman  was  the  election  of  Mr.  Hoag  by 
a  majority  of  938.  That  gentleman  took  his 
seat  in  Congress  in  December,  1869,  and 
died  at  Washington  in  February,  1870.  Among 
theresults  incidental  to  the  contest  inaugurated 
in  1862,  was' the  prominence  thereby  given  to 
Mr.  Waite,  whereby  the  way  was  opened  which 
subsequently^  led  to  his  appointment  as  Chief 
Justice  of  the  United  States,  which  office  he 
now  holds. 

The  following  table  shows  the  vote  for  Con- 
gress in  the  District  in  1860  and  1862  : 


I860. 

J  862. 

s  , 

-o 

.■^ 

Ji 

"^ 

S 

c 

'=: 

::= 

^5 

s 

Lucas 

2,681 

1,929 

2,718 

1,572 

73 

Wood - 

1,773 

1,271 

1.321 

1,393 

55 

Fulton 

1,512 

1,025 

74(i 

1.147 

352 

Henrv 

772 

1,000 

462 

396 

674 

Defiance 

949 

1.799 

181 

547 

1,311 

Williams 

1,518 

1,200 

78 

1,219 

1,218 

Putnam 

948 

1,414 

200 

600 

1,370 

Paulding 

492 

306 

144 

339 

181 

10,645 

9.974 

5,850 

7,013 

5,234 

Comparative  vote  in  Toledo  for  Congressman 
in  1860  and  1862 : 

1860.  1862. 

Wards.                      Ashley.    Steedman.  M'aite.    Ashiey. 

First 316        136  389        87 

Second 382        188  439      1.50 

Third 359        4,80  376      147 

Fourth 125        298  319      125 

Fifth  (new  Ward) 244        55 

Sixth     "        '•       89        27 

1,355     1,179  1,806      590 

Majorities— Ashley,  in  1860,  176 ;  Waite,  in  1862, 
1,216. 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


355 


The  comparative  results  in  the  District  (on 
"  Home  "  vote)  in  18G4  were  as  follows  : 

Cimgress.  Slate  Tickel. 

Counties.                        Ashlc}j.  Rice.  I'tiion.  Democratic. 

Lucas 4:5  847        

Wood 382     m-2         

Fulton 520     Mo        

Henry 545        450 

Defiance 735        662 

Williams 239    332        

Paulding 123    215        

Putnam 870        725 

1,263    2,193      2,039       1,837 

Rice  over  Ashley,  930;  Union  majority  on  State 
ticket,  1,732.  The  vote  of  the  Soldiers  gave  Ashley  a 
majority  of  1,634,  electing  him  by  704. 

The  following  were  the  comparative  results 
in  the  District  in  1868  : 

Congress.  State  Ticket. 

Counties.                     Ashley.  Hoag.    Krpultlican.  Democratic. 

Lucas 70      961  

Wood 365      S06  

Fulton 765      870  

Henry 601        540 

Defiance 985        880 

Williams 225      365 

Paulding 38      113  

Putnam 1,017        989 

1,660     2,603       3,115         2,409 
Hoag  over  Ashley,  938.     Union  State  ticket,  706. 

1869. 

The  Republican  County  Convention  was  held 
August  15,  1869,  of  which  J.  M.  Eitchic  was 
the  President,  and  Clark  Waggoner  and  D.  R. 
Locke  the  Secretaries.  The  following  Central 
Committee  was  appointed  :  George  E.  Welles, 
Dr.  V.  Braun,  G.  W.  Eeynolds,  Ed.  Upton,  E. 
V.  McMaken. 

A  "  People's  Convention  "  (irrespective  of 
parties)  met  at  Toledo,  August  28tii,  with  Dr. 
J.  G.  Nolen  as  President,  and  John  A.  Waite 
as  Secretary.  A  County  ticket  was  nominated. 
The  following  Central  Committee  was  ap- 
pointed :  V.  H.  Ketcham  and  F.  J.  King,  of  To- 
ledo ;  Wm.  Taylor,  of  Spencer ;  Ed.  Upton,  of 
Washington;  and  Henrj-  Brand  and  W.  W. 
Jones,  of  Toledo.  W^.  W.  Jones,  W.  O.  Brown, 
P.  B.  Porter,  Wm.  Taylor,  Sanford  L  Collins, 
and  John  G.  Isham  were  ajipointed  to  prepare 
an  address  to  the  electors.  The  ticket  selected 
appears  in  the  election  returns.  The  Conven- 
tion recommended  the  nomination  of  William 
A.  Collins  for  Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas 
Court. 

The  result  of  the  October  election  was  as 
follows : 

Governor— R.  B.  Hayes,  4,106;  G.  H.  Pendleton, 
2,703.  State  Senator— Abel  M.  Corey,  3,890 ;  Ezra  8. 
Dodd,  2,885.  Representative— W.  W.  Griffith,  3,976; 
John  E.  Hunt,  2,820.  Sheriff— P.  H.  Dowling,  3,742  ; 
S.  W.  Freeman,  3,038.  Auditor-E.  W.  Lenderson, 
3,442 ;     Harry    Chase,    3,343.       Treasurer — Andrew 


Stephan,  4,085  ;  Samuel  Blanchard,  2,585.  Probate 
Judge— F.  A.  Jones,  3,798;  K.  C.  U'mmon,  2,915. 
Clerk— Victor  Keen,  4,041  ;  Walter  L.  Barker,  2,7.8.5. 
Pro.secuting  Attorney— J.  K.  Hamilton,  3,,S80 ;  < Jilbert 
Harmon,  2,.s,S9.  Commissioner— J.  S.  Norton,  3,.S,55 ; 
A.  W.  Maddocks,  2.924.  Inlirmary  Director— P.  C. 
Holt,  3,931  ;  J.  G.  Nolan.  2.s:;i.  Coroner— Jabez  M. 
Cooke,  3,994:  Cyrus  A.  Kirkley,  2.9;;8.  (First  named 
candidates,  Republicans.  !>econcl,  for  Governor,  Dem- 
ocratic, and  balance  "  Peo|)le's  ticket.")  Mr.  Corey 
was  elected  Senator  by  .507  majority.  The  vote  of  the 
State  on  Governor,  stood  :  Haves,  2'35,!i,S2  ;  Pendleton, 
228,481 ;  Scott  (Temi)erancc),"670. 

1870. 

Truman  H.  Hoag,  member  of  Congress  from 
the  Toledo  District,  dying  in  February,  1870, 
a  special  election  to  till  the  vacancy  was  held 
April  4th.  The  Republican  candidate  was  Dr. 
E.  D.  Peck,  of  Wood  County,  and  the  Demo- 
cralnc  candidate  'William  IX  Hill,  of  Defiance. 

The  result  in  Toledo  stood:  I'eck,  2,5K9 ; 
Hill,  1,943.  In  Lucas  County— Peck,  4,042  ; 
Hill,  2,444.  Li  the  District— Peck  had  a  ma- 
jority of  2,(545  over  Hill.  V.  M.  Carter  (Straight- 
out  Eei)udiation  candidate)  hail  834  votes  in 
W^illiams  County,  141  in  Defiance,  3  in  Henry 
and  4  in  Filth  Wai-d,  Toledo— total,  982. 

The  Eepublican  Count}'  Convention  for  nom- 
inating a  County  ticket,  met  August  7,  1S70, 
with  W.  W.  Griffith  as  President,  and  Dr.  A.  P. 
Miller  and  J.  11.  Swigart  as  Secretaries.  The 
following  Central  Committee  was  a])pointed: 
George  E.  W^elles,  R.  B.  Mitchell,  Jo.seph  E. 
Marx,  Ed.  Upton  and  P.  H.  Dowling.  The 
ticket  will  appear  hereafter.  A  Colored  Repub- 
lican Club  was  organized  in  Toledo,  September 
26,  1870,  with  the  following  officers  :  President, 
J.  Madison  Bell ;  Vice-Presidents,  W.  H.  Mcr- 
ritt,  T.  J.  Rue,  ^y.  F.  Carter,  J.  B.  Tilton.  Sec- 
retaries, D.  E.  Young,  J.  C.  Greener. 

The  result  of  the  October  election  in  Lucas 
County  in  1870,  was  as  follows  : 

Secretary  of  State— I.  R.  Sherwood,  3,001 ;  Wm. 
Heisley,  1,889;  Odell,  (i4.  Congrc.s.s— E.  D.  Peck, 
2,982  ;  W.  F.  Lockvvood,  1,894  ;  D.  A.  Pease,  77.  Com- 
missioner—E.  (iordinier,  2,698  ;  August  I'illiod,  2,168; 

—  Drake,  65.  Infirmary  Director — ('.  A.  Crane,  :'.,008; 

—  Latbrop,  1,8S2  ;  —  Shoemaker,  64.  Dr.  Peck's  ma- 
jority in  the  District  was  1,070.  The  vote  of  the  State 
on  Secretary  of  State,  was  :  Sherwood  (Kep.)  221,709; 
HeLslcy  (Dem.)  204,979  ;  Odell  (Prohibition)  2,885. 

1S71. 

The  vote  of  Lucas  County  at  the  State  elec- 
tion of  1871,  was  as  follows  : 

Governor- E.  F.  Noyes.  4,17();  McCook,  3,126. 
Senators— D.  W.  H.  Howard,  4,142;  Hanks  P.  Gage, 
4,127  ;  J.  E.  Hunt,  3,085  ;  J.  R.  Tyler,  :!,044.  Represent- 
atives— (iuido  Marx,  4,0.".4 ;  R.  C.  Thomp.son,  4,087; 
E.  D.  Potter,  3,065;  Patrick  Dowling.  .",,041.  Sherifi— 
P.  H.  Dowling,  4,100  ;  F.  R.  Warren,  2,970.  Treas- 
urer —John   S.    Kountz,   4,20S ;    Robert    Cummings, 

2,876.    Commissioner— T.  S.  Merrell,  4,087; 

Clark,  3,056.     Recorder— J.  W.  White,  4,086; 

Minneker,  3,087.     Prosecuting  Attorney — J.  D.  Ford, 


356 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


4,152;  W.  H.  Ingraham,  3,024.  Coroner— G.  A. 
CollaiiHiro,  4,104;    G.  W.  Bowen,  3,0,S0.     Surveyor— 

J.  L.  «tratton,  4,151  ;  Snyder,   2,991.     (Republi- 

oans,  first  named  ;  Democrats,  second.  > 

1872. 

The  National  political  canvass  of  1872  was 
peculiar  in  the  fact  that  Horace  Greeley 
(always  theretofore  a  leading  Eepnblican,  as 
well  a"s  editor  of  the  New  York  Tribune)  was 
the  Presidential  candidate  of  both  the  Demo- 
cratic pai'ty  and  of  what  were  known  as  "  Lib- 
eral I^epublicans."  The  selection  of  that  j,'en- 
tlenian  was  made  ii])on  the  belief  that  hi.s  per- 
sonal record  and  political  character  would  com- 
mand Eepubliean  votes  sufficient  to  secure  his 
election  over  General  Grant,  the  Eepnblican 
nominee  for  re-election.  This  state  of  things 
invested  the  campaign  with  some  peculiar  fea- 
tures, but  the  lesult  was  a  disappointment  to 
those  who  relied  upon  Mr.  Greeley's  strength 
to  secure  his  election. 

The  Eepublicans  of  Lucas  County  nominated 
their  ticket  at  a  Convention  held  July  2l8t,  of 
which  Charles  Dodge  was  President,  and  Chas. 
H.  Eddy  Secretary.  The  Eepubliean  Central 
Committee  consisted  of  Geo.  E.  Welles,  D.  E. 
Locke,  E.  Y.  McMaken  and  L.  S.  Barnes. 

The  result  of  the  October  election  was  as 
follows : 

Secretary  of  State— Wikofi',*  4,701  ;  Willev,t  3,997. 
Congress— I.  R.  Sherwood,*  4.446  ;  F.  H.  Hurd,t4,245. 
Probate  .Judge— D.  R.  Austin,*  4,439;  H.  K.  Howe.t 

4,101.  Auditor- E.  W.  Lenderson,*  4,896; Allen, t 

3,749.     Clerk— M.  J.  En  right,*  4,.59S;  Shaefler.t 

4,035.  Commissioner— J.  S.  Norton,*  4,742 ;  Henry 
Breed, t  3,813.  Infirmary  Director— Louis  Kaiser,* 
5,104;  Chas.  Bunch,t  2,805.  (  *  Republicans,  t  Dem- 
ocrats.)   The  Prohibition  vote  was  29. 

The  vote  in  the  Congressional  District  stood  : 

Secretary  of  State— Wikoft',*  13,955  ;  Willey,t  12,- 
099.  Wikotf's  majority,  1,S.36.  Congressman — Sher- 
wood,* 13,471 ;  Hurd,t  12,406.  Sherwood's  majority, 
1,065. 

The  vote  in  the  County  for  President  stood 
as  follows  : 

Grant,  5,108;  Greeley,  2,833.  Majoritv  for  Grant, 
2,275. 

The  vote  of  the  State  was  as  follows  ; 

Grant,  281,852;  Greeley,  244,321;  Black  (Tem- 
perance), 2,106;  O'Connor  (Straight  out  Democrat), 
1,103. 

1873. 


The  main  special  incident  of  the  State  cam- 
paign of  1873,  consisted  of  the  organization  of 
what  was  known  as  the  "  People's"  or  "  Lib- 
eral Party,"  made  up  chiefly  of  dissatisfied 
members  of  the  Democratic  party,  prominent 
among  whom  were  Wm,  S.  Groesbeck,  General 
Thomas  Ewing,  formerly  Eepresentatives,  and 


Geo.  E.  Pugh,  formerly  a  Senator  in  Congress. 
The  fundamental  basis  of  the  movement  was 
the  assumption  that  "  both  tbe  Eepubliean  and 
the  Democratic  parties  had  outlived  the  issues 
in  which  they  had  their  origin,  and  had  out- 
lived their  usefulness,  and  a  new  organization 
was  demanded  in  the  interest  of  the  public 
welfare."  The  movement  had  special  refer- 
ence to  the  interests  of  labor  in  its  contest  with 
capital.  The  State  ticket  of  this  party  was  as 
follows:  Governor — Isaac  C.  Collins,*  of  Ham- 
ilton County;  Lieutenant-Governor — A.  Saun- 
ders Piatt,t  of  Logan  ;  Attorney-General — S. 
Meyers.t  of  Stark  ;  Judge  of  Supi-eme  Court — 
Philemon  B.  Ewing,*  of  F'airtield ;  Auditor — 
D.  W.  C.  Landen,f  of  Brown ;  Board  of  Public 
Works — James  McBeth,*  of  Allen  ;  Treasurer 
— Jona.  Harshman,*  of  Montgomcrj- ;  Comp- 
troller of  the  Treasury— C.  L.  P.  Butler,t  of 
Franklin.  (  *  Democrats,  f"  Liberals"  or 
former  Eepublicans.) 

The  Eepubliean  Convention  for  the  nomina- 
tion of  a  County  ticket  was  held  August  12, 
1873,  with  John  Sinclair  as  President  and  Dr. 
Frank  P.  Wilson  as  Secretary. 

The  Democratic  County  Convention  was  held 
August  21st,  of  which  E.  D.  Potter,  Sr..  was  the 
President,  and  Chas.  D.  Sutphen  and  Chas.  N. 
Lewis  Secretaries. 

The  two  parties  in  the  State  were  represent- 
ed by  the  following  tickets  (the  first  named 
being  Eepublicans  and  the  second  Democrats): 

Governor— E.  F.  Noyes  and  Wm.  Allen;  State 
Senators-John  T.  Newton,  W.  H.  Beckham,  E.  D. 
Potter  and  T.  J.  Tressler  ;  Representatives— R.  C. 
Thompson,  Guido  Marx,  E.  S.  Dodd,  Aaron  Van 
Wormer:  Treasurer— John  S.  Kountz,  Robert  Cum- 
mings  ;  Sherilt' — Albert  Moore  and  E.  Welles  ;  Prose- 
cuting Attorne}' — J.  D.  Ford  and  R.  C:.  Lemmon  ; 
Commissioner— Lucas  Raab  and  Perry  Wood  ;  Coro- 
ner— G.  A.  Collamore  and  J.  G.  Nolen ;  Infirmary 
Director  — 0.  A.  Crane  and  C.  Lathrop. 

With  the  exception  of  Treasurer,  the  Eepub- 
Ircan  candidates  for  Countj^  offices  and  Eepre- 
sentatives were  elected.  The  Democrats  elect- 
ed their  candidates  for  Senators,  and  also  for 
Governor.  The  vote  in  the  County  for  J.  C. 
Collins,  "  People's  "  or  "  Liberal  "  candidate 
for  Governor,  was  57;  and  that  for  G.  T.  Stew- 
art (Prohibition),  114. 

The  vote  of  the  State  was  as  follows;  For 
Governor— Noyes,  213,707;  Allen,  214,525; 
Collins,  9,971  ;  Stewart,  10,1)81.  Allen's  plu- 
rality, 808. 

1874. 

The  Eepublicans  nominated  their  County 
ticket  at  a  Convention  held  August  4,  1874, 
with  Chas.  AV.  Hill  lor  President  ■"  Eobert  Mc- 
Cune  for  Secretary;  and  John  P.  HoUoway 
for  Assistant  Secretar}-.  Delegates  to  the  State 
and  Congressional  Conventions  were  appointed. 
The  main  inteiest  centered  in  the  choice  of  the 
latter,  the  question  being  the  re-nomination  of 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


357 


I.  R.  Sherwood  for  Congress.  The  result  was 
unfavorable  to  that  object.  At  the  District 
Convention  (Julj'  (ith),  A.  M.  Pratt,  of  Bryan, 
Williams  County,  wa.s  noniinaled.  The  first 
ballot  stood:  Sherwood,  39;  Pratt,  5;5;  C.  W. 
Evers,  of  Wood  Couutj',  21.  The  second 
ballot — Sherwood,  5l-!i  ;  Pratt,  59^ — Lucas 
Couutj'  voting  solid  for  Pratt  throughout. 

The  Democrats  held  their  County  Convention 
August  !)th,  of  which  .1.  B.  Steednian  was  Pi'esi- 
dent,  and  S.  J.  Mills  and  R.  C.  Gibbs,  Secrelai'ies. 

The  Democratic  Congressional  ('onvention, 
held  August  11th,  nominated  Frank  II.  Hurd, 
the  vote  standing:  Hurd,  571  ;  J.  M.  Ashley, 
16G;  E.  D.  Potter,  Sr ,  8i ;  S.  N.  Owen,  17; 
Wm.  B.  Sheridan,  4  ;  W.  W.  Jones,  U. 

The  Prohibition  District  Convention  was 
held  August  27th,  of  which  C.  W.  Lamport,  of 
Fulton  County,  was  President;  T.  BursOTi,  of 
Wood,  and  E.  B.  Kank,  of  Williams,  Vice- 
Presidents  ;  and  C.  W.  Shoemaker,  of  Lucas, 
Secretary.  Francis  Granger,  of  I>ucas,  was 
nominated  for  Congress. 

The  State  Constitution    and    specific  provi 
sions    prepared    by    the    Convention    held    in 
1873-4,  were  submitted  to  jiopular  vote  August 
18,    1874.     The   results   in    Lucas  County   on 
these,  were  as  follows  : 

For  Constitution,  1,993;  against,  2,lfiS.  For  Mi- 
nority Representation,  917;  against,  2,301.  For  Rail- 
road Aid,  902  ;  against,  2,429.  For  Licen.se  of  liquor 
tratfic,  2,17:5 ;  against,  1,4.59.  The  vote  in  the  State 
gave  a  majority  of  147,284  against  the  Constitution  ; 
7,2S6  against  License  ;  18,5,.500  against  IMinority  Rep- 
resentation ;  and  251,242  against  Railroad  Aid.  The 
latter  proposition  would  have  authorized  local  s\ib- 
scriptions  to  Railway  enterprises,  upon  a  vote  by  the 
people. 

The  result  of  the  October  election  in  Lucas 
County-,  was  as  follows  : 

Secretary  of  State— A.  T.  Wikoff,*  4,17:5;  AVni. 
Bell,+  4,4:5.5.  Judge  of  Common  Pleas — Wm.  A.  Col- 
li n.s,*  :5,98.5  ;  Charles  E.  Pennewell,*  4,128 ;  R.  C. 
Lemmon,t  4,(538  ;  T.  P.  Finefrork.t  4,4:19.  Congress— 
A.  M.  Pratt,*  3,883;  F.  H.  Hurd,t  4,041.  Auditor- 
E.  \V.  Lender.son,«  3,9(37  ;  Gustavus  Wittstein.T  4,(51.S. 
Recorder — .1.  S.  Kountz,*  4,6.54;  Wm.  Lawton.f  :5,824. 

Surveyor — .1.    L.   Stratton,*   4,847;    Williams,! 

3,68.5.  Commissioner — .lames  Marston,*  4,002;  Pat- 
rick Uowling.t  4,521.  Intirmurv  Director — B.  F. 
Mallett,*  4,126  ;  Van  Fleet;  4,419.  The  Prohi- 
bition vutf,  ranged  from  129  for  F.  Granger  for  Con- 
gress, to  100  for  D.  N.  Trowbridge,  for  Auditor. 

A  proposition  for  the  provision  of  Fair 
Grounds  for  the  County  Agricultural  Society, 
was  defeated  b}'  47  majority,  although  Toledo 
gave  823  majority  for  it. 

Mr.  Hurd  was  elected  to  Compress  bv  a  vote 
of  13,108,  to  11,321  for  Mr.  "Pratt,  "Francis 
Granger  (Prohibition)  receiving  875  votes. 
Messrs.  Lemmon  and  Finefrock  were  elected 
Judges  of  Common  Pleas.  Wm.  Bell  was  chosen 
Secretary  of  State,  by  17,202  majority  — 
Buchtel  (Prohibition)  receiving  7,815  votes. 


1875. 

The  political  campaign  of  1875,  was  among 
the  most  active  and  imjjortant  in  tiie  history 
of  the  State.  It  was  made  so,  chiefly,  by  two 
co-operating  cau.ses:  First,  the  ciirreniry  issue, 
turning  mainly  on  the  (piestion  of  a  resuin])tion 
of  specie  ]Kiyment  h\  the  (iovci-nnient  by  re- 
demption of  its  notes  or  "  Greenl)a(d<s,''  which 
had  been  i)rovided  for  at  the  jireccding  session 
of  Congress,  to  take  effect  .lanuary  1,  187!). 
The  Republicans  favored  theijoiicy  of  resump- 
tion, and  the  Democrats  0])i)0scd  action  such 
as  provided  by  the  law.  The  issue  thus  pre- 
sented, was  squarely  and  earnestlj-  contested 
on  both  sides — Ex-Governor  R.  B.  Hayes,  as 
their  candidate  for  Govei-nor,  leading  the 
former,  and  Governor  AVilliam  Allen,  as  his 
opponent,  leading  the  latter.  The  canvass  was 
made  the  more  important  and  earnest,  by  the 
relations  it  was  supposed  to  bear  to  the 
National  campaign  of  187(!.  Governor  Allen 
was  recognized  as  a  prominent  aspirant  for  the 
Democratic  nomination  for  President,  his  suc- 
cess in  that  respect  chiefly  de]>ending  on  his 
re-election  in  1875.  Whih-  the  candidacy  of 
Ex-Governor  Hayes  had  then  no  recognized  re- 
lation to  the  Presidential  succession,  tlie  special 
prominence  of  the  State  canvass  operated  to 
give  him  a  fiosition  more  National  than  ordi- 
narily attaches  to  Gubernatorial  candidates. 
The  result  of  the  October  election  in  the  success 
of  Ex-Governor  Hajes  soon  developed  through- 
out the  country  an  a])])reciation  of  the  contest 
not  generally  accepted  at  home,  and  one  which 
was  steadily  enhanced,  until,  in  the  nomina- 
tion and  election  of  Governor  Haj'es  in  lH7(i, 
the  fact  was  shown,  that  the  choice  of  Presi- 
dent then  made  was  practicallj'  determined  in 
the  Ohio  canvass  of  1875.  It  isei|ually  safe  to 
saj-,  that  the  question  of  resum])tion  of  specie 
payment  under  the  existing  act  of  Congress, 
was  also  determined  by  that  result,  more  than 
by  any  other  one  fact. 

The  vote  in  Lucas  County  in  October,  1875, 
was  as  follows  : 

Governor— R.  B.  Hayes,''  5,86.5  ;  Wm.  Allen, +  4,481. 
Judge  of  Common  Pleas — B.  W.  Rouse,*  .5,962  ;  J.J. 
French,!  4,442.  State  Senators- T.  P.  Brown,* 5,992; 
C.J.  Swan,*  .5,7:55  ;  D.  1.  Brown,t  4,212;  ('.  W.  Mc- 
Donald,f  4,263.  Representatives — R.  C.  Thompson,* 
5,899;  Conrad  Huberich,*  5,786;  John  Ryan, +  4,4.52  ; 
L.  C.  Gibbs,t  4,78:;.  Countv  Clerk- M.  J.  Knriglit,* 
6,001  ;  W.  H.  McLyman,t  4,285.  Probate  .fudge— 
D.  R.  Austin,*  5,81 2;  Thomas  Dunlap,t  4, .548.  Prose- 
cuting Attornev— J.  D.  Ford,*  5,.5.50 ;  David  II.  Com- 
mager,t  4,767.  '  SherlH— Albert  Moore,* 6,021  ;  C.  W. 
Ferguson,f  4,317.  Treasurer — William  t'ummings.* 
5,818;  J.  P.  Shuck,!  4,451.  Commissioner — lesse  .'«. 
Norton,*  5,817;  P.  C.  Lewis.f  4,108.  Infirmary 
Director— Louis  Kaiser,*  6,027  ;  P.  W.  Kcegan.t  4,:524. 
Coroner-S.  S.  Thorn,*  .5,7:54;  G.  W.  Bowen.f  4,66.8. 

The  vote  in  the  State  stood  :  Hayes,*  297,813 ; 
Allen,  1292,264;  Odcll,J;  2,462.  (»Repubfican.  tDemo- 
cratic.     tProhibition.) 


358 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


i87n. 

The  recurrence  of  the  Presidential  canvass 
invested  the  local  political  eamjiaign  of  1876 
with  thes])ecial  interest  common  to  such  con- 
tests. There  was  no  political  issue  to  heighten 
this  feeling,  except  as  the  currency  ques- 
tion in  connection  with  the  resumption  of 
specie  payment  January  1,  1879,  under  the  act 
of  1875,  be  recognizetl  as  such.  In  Lucas 
County  that  matter  seemed  to  receive  more 
attention  than  was  common  elsewhere.  This, 
no  doubt,  was  due  to  special  causes,  local  in 
their  nature,  and  it  developed  itself  mainly 
among  the  Eepublicans,  where  a  strong  anti- 
resumption  sentiment  existed,  as  shown  by  the 
adoption  of  a  resolution  by  their  County  Con- 
vention demanding  the  unconditional  repeal  of 
the  Kesumption  Act,  as  indispensable  to  the 
safetj'  of  the  country's  financial  interests.  That 
body  met  March  23tl,  with  A.  H.  McVey  as 
President,  and  J.  H.  McKlroy  and  J.  H.  Emery 
as  Secretaries.  The  following  delegates  to  the 
State  Convention  were  appointed: 

Richard  Waite,  N.  M.  Howard,  Robert  McCune, 
J.  T.  (ireer.  H.  A.  ChamherUiin,  J.  W.  Hiett,  Guido 
Marx,  J.  D.  Ford,  Stilhiian  Brown,  A.  H.  McA'ey, 
Alex.  Reed,  John  Paul  Jones,  Harvey  Kellogg,  Lucas 
Raab.  A.  P.  Mann,  H.  H.  Wakeman,  T.  S.  Merrell, 
J.  L.  Pray,  T.  P.  Brown,  II.  C.  Thompson,  Conrad 
Huberich. 

The  delegates  were,  by  vote,  instructed  to 
present  to  the  State  Convention  the  name  of 
Clark  Waggoner  as  a  candidate  for  delegate-at- 
large  from  Ohio  to  the  Eepublican  ^National 
Convention. 

A  Democratic  County  Convention  was  held 
April  25th,  with  E.  D.  Potter,  Sen.,  as  Presi- 
dent, and  S.  J.  Mills  and  M.  W.  Carr  as  Secre- 
taries. The  following  delegatesi  to  the  State 
Convention  were  appointed  : 

Henry  Lorenz,  J.  C.  Wales,  Erie  Hamilton,  S. 
H.  Steedman,  Henry  Brand,  Ed.  Malone,  Robert 
Oummings,  E.  S.  Dodd,  Patrick  Dowling,  Dr.  W.  W. 
Jones.  Delegates  to  the  Congressional  Convention  : 
Toledo— E.  L.  Graves,  A.  G.  Oh^rk,  S.  G.  Van  Buren, 
C.  L.  Young,  Barton  Smith,  E.  B.  Paine,  John  Shu- 
macher,  W.  F.  Lockwood,  E.  D.  Potter,  B.  F.  Ritchie, 
Wm.  H.  Boos,  R.  J.  Wallace,  C.  Daniels,  H.  E.  Howe, 
E.  S.  Dodd.  P.  H.  Rice,  Dan.  Pegur,  S.  W.  Freeman, 
P.  H.  Christy,  Henry  Brand,  Pat.  Murray,  Geo.  Steb- 
bins,  Arnold  McMahon,  D.  A.  Brown,  Fred.  Jaeger, 
E.  A.  Kitchen,  Richard  Dunning,  J.  C.  Klotz,  C.  J. 
Kirschner,  D.  H.  Comraager,  M.  Geelan,  Geo.  L. 
Johnson,  M.  M.  Goulden.  Oregon — Nathan  Gardner. 
Providence — S.  H.  Steedman,  John  Ryan.  Rit-hfield 
— L.  C.  Gibbs.  Springtield— Patrick  Dowling.  Syl- 
vania — F.  R.  Warren.  Washington — P.  C.  Lewis, 
C.  W.  Ferguson.  Waterville— Wm.  Dodd.  AVhite- 
house— J.  C.  Wales.     South  Toledo— P.  C.  McGovern. 

The  Republicans  nominated  their  Countj- 
ticket  August  7, 1876,  at  a  Convention  of  which 
John  R.  Osborn  was  President  and  J.  H. 
Emei-y  and  J.  H.  McElroy  were  Secretaries. 

The  Democratic  nominating  Convention  was 
held  August  22d,  with  James  B.  Steedman  as 


President  and  M.  W.  Carr,  J.  S.  Mills  and  Henry 
Lorenz  as  Secretaries. 

The  Colored  voters  organized  a  Hayes  and 
Wheeler  Union  Club  August  29,  1876,  with  the 
following  officers: 

President — John  Drown.  Vice-President — Thos. 
Massey.  Executive  Committee — Robert  Bailey,  Car- 
ter Ferguson,  Sijuire  Lee,  Frank  Wright,  Henry 
Gray.  Captain — H.  J.  Lewis.  1st  Lieutenant — J.W. 
Young.  2d  Lieutenant — Henry  Brown.  Orderly — 
A.  Fountain.     Standard  Bearer — Henry  Harris. 

A  "  Greenback  "  meeting,  consisting  of  advo- 
cates of  the  policj'  of  a  permanent  and  exclusive 
National  currency  of  CTOvernmcnt  notes,  simi- 
lar to  the  "  CTreenbacks  "  issued  during  the 
Rebellion,  was  held  at  Toledo,  August  31.st, 
with  Ira  E.  Lee  as  Chairman,  and  J.  B.  Jordan 
and  M.  W.  Carr  as  Secretaries.  Bernard  Mei- 
link,  James  Winans,  Dr.  J.  G.  Nolen,  James 
Coyle  and  L.  W.  Waldron  were  appointed  as  a 
County  Central  Committee,  and  the  following 
persons  as  delegates  to  a  State  Greenback  Con- 
vention : 

B.  Meilink,  T.  H.  Donohue,  J.  L.  Gray,  S.  S.  Lin- 
ton, H.  L.  Machen,  J.  51.  Bloomer,  A.  L.  IMurray, 
S.  T.  Curtis,  James  Winans,  H.  Bartlett,  J.  G.  Nolen, 
Tlios.  Page,  F.  H.  Blakely,  Fred.  Brukisieker,  J.  C. 
Fiankenberger,  Jose])husRicketts,  W.  W.  Dyer,  Her- 
man Baumbach,  E.  W.  Hayes,  F^lijah  B.  Payne. 

A  Greenback  County  Convention  was  held 
September  15th,  of  which  Dr.  J.  G.  Nolen  was 
President  and  J.  C.  Frankenberger  Secretary. 

The  vote  in  the  County,  October  10,  1876, 
was  as  follows : 

Secretary  of  State-Milton  Barnes,*G,026 ;  W. 
Bell,  Jr.,t  4.S32.  Judge  of  Common  Pleas— Cooper 
•K.  Watson,*  6,119  ;  S.  J.  Patrick,!  4,788.  Congress- 
Jacob  D.  Cox,*  5,655  ;  F.  H.  Hurd.f  4,246.  Auditor 
—J.  P.  Jones,*  5,996;  Erie  Hamilton,!  4,134;  Ferd. 
W.  Maehen,i  1,159.  Commissioner— Henry  C.  Ely,* 
5,492  ;  Lucas  Raab.f  4,285 ;  David  Miller,|  1,464.  In- 
firmary Director — Ed.  LTpton,*  5,978  ; Van  Wor- 

raer,t  4,378  ;  James  Wickens,  j  942.     (  *  Republicans, 
t  Democrats,     t  Greenbackers.) 

E.  C.  Thompson,  a  Representative  for  Lucas 
County,  having  died,  J,  C.  Messer,  of  Oregon 
Township,  was  nominated  for  the  vacancy  by 
the  Republicans;  Dr.  W.  W.  Jones  by  the 
Democrats;  and  Walter  Pickens  by  the  Green - 
backers. 

The  result  of  the  vote  at  the  Presidential 
election,  November  7th,  was  as  follows  : 

President — Haves,*  6,524 ;  Tilden,t  5.155 ;  Cooper, t 
281.  Representative— J.  C.  Messer,*  6,285;  W.  W. 
Jones.t  5,100;  W.  Pickens,^  398. 

1877. 

The  Eepublican  Convention  for  making 
County  nominations,  was  held  Jul}'  29,  1S77, 
with  J.  M.  Brown  as  President,  and  reporters 
of  the  Toledo  press  as  Secretaries.  The  names 
of  nominees  appear  in  the  election  returns.  J. 
M.  Brown,  H.  G.  Neubert,  N.  M.  Howard,   C. 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


359 


H.  Sawyer,  and  J.  R.  Swigart  were  a]ipointcci 
as  Central  Committee. 

The  Democrats  nominated  their  County 
ticket  August  16,  1877,  by  a  Convention,  of 
wliich  E.  1>.  Potter,  Sen.,  was  tlio  teni])orary, 
and  J.  B.  Steednian  the  permanent  President. 

A  new  feature  in  local  politics  tins  year  was 
the  formation  of  a  ticket  b}-  a  new  organization, 
known  as  the  "  Nationals,"  otherwise  the 
"  Greenback  "  party. 

The  result  of  the  October  election  in  the 
County  was  as  Ibllows  : 

Governiir— W.  II.  West,*  2,(i()7  ;  R.  U.  Bishop.t 
.3,1"),-);  Johnson, t  -1,212.  Senators— L.  F.  Lyttle,* 
2,879  ;  E.  W.  Merry,*  2,,-),^9  ;  J.  B.  Steedman.t  2,984  ; 
Joy,t  2,970;  Henry  Kahlo,t  4,279  ;  Campbell.t  4,116. 
Representatives — .1.  C.  Messer,*  2,.53G;  J.  F.  Kumler,* 
2,()7o  ;  George  L.  Johnson, t  3,211;  F.  R.  Warren,! 
3,051  ;  D.  B.  Sturgeon, t  3,87.')  ;  Harvey  Kellogg,! 
4,334.  Treasurer — Wui.  Cummings,*  .3,103  ;  August 
Pilliod,t  2.776;  E.  B.  Hall.j  3,979.  Prosecuting  At- 
torney—A. S.  Hill,*  2,773  ;  Byron  Ritchie.t  2,814  ;  N. 
M.  Odell.t  4,093.  Sherifi— AVm.  Babington,*  2,181  ; 
Patrick  Dowling.t  3.372;  S.  S.  Linton,!  4,399.  Re- 
corder—J.  S.  Kouutz,*  3,688 ;  N.  A.  Marsh, t  2,3.53; 
Isaac  Head,!  4,012.  Infirmarv  Director— W.  B.  Gunn,* 
2,807;  Johnson,!  2,868;  P.  f.  Clark,!  4,11.8.  Survevor 
— B.  H.  Hitchcock,*  2,708  ;  —  Felix,!  2,867  ;  Charles 
i^hoemaker,!  4,113.  Commissioners — J.  C.  Rouieis,® 
2,820;  C.  B.  HoUowav,*  2,8.57;  A.  Bunert,!  2,767; 
—  Ballou,!  2,723;  W.  C.  Cheney,!  4,375;  James 
Coyle,!  4,179.  (*  Republicans.  !  "Democrats.  1  Na- 
tionals.) 

1878. 

The  first  National  Convention  of  the  National 
or  Greenback  party  was  held  at  Toledo,  Feb- 
ruary 21  and  22, 1878,  24  States  and  Territories 
being  represented.  Prominent  among  the  del- 
egates were  S.  F.  Cary  and  Stephen  Johnson, 
of  Ohio  ;  Solon  Chase,  of  Maine  ;  Blanton  Dun- 
can, of  Kentucky  ;  M.  M.  ("  Brick  ")  Pomeroy 
and  Alex,  Campbell,  of  Illinois;  J,  B.  Weaver, 
of  Iowa;  A.  B.  MuUett,  of  District  of  Columbia; 
Francis  W.  Hughes,  of  Tennessee;  Moses  W. 
Field,  of  Michigan  ;  J.  P.  Jones,  of  Nevada  ;  O. 
G.  Chase,  of  New  York.  Francis  W.  Hughes 
was  President ;  Ralph  B.  Hoyt  of  Michif^an, 
G.  H.  Jones  of  New  York,  and  J.  W.  Mufliy  of 
Iowa,  Secretaries.  At  request  of  the  Conven- 
tion, Mrs.  Rosa  L.  Segur,  President  of  the  To- 
ledo Woman  Suffrage  Association,  read  a  com- 
munication from  that  bod}-,  which  was  favora- 
bly received.  A  platform  was  adopted  and  an 
Executive  Committee  appointed,  on  which  Dr. 
D.  B.  Sturgeon  of  Toledo,  represented  Ohio. 
The  distinctive  feature  of  the  platform  was  its 
demand  that  all  money  be  furnished  by  the 
Government,  and  that  its  volume  be  regulated 
per  capita  of  population. 

The  Republican  County  Convention  was  held 
July  13,  1878,  with  General  Wager  Swayne  as 
President,  and  C.  L.  Kennedy,  Maurice  Perkins 
and  Julius  Vordlriede,  as  Secretaries. 

The  Democratic  County  Convention  was  held 
July  20,  1878,  of  which  H.  P.  Piatt  was  Presi- 


dent, and  C.  H.  Lemmon,  Robert  S.  Gardner 
and  B.  F.  Wade,  Secretaries.  A  County  ticket 
was  nominated. 

The  Re|)ublican  District  Convention,  held 
July  Kith,  noiniiuitod  Charles  Foster  for  Con- 
gress, notwithstanding  that  gcnllcTuan  did  not 
reside  within  the  District.  He  declineil  the 
nomination,  on  the  gi'ound  that  iiis  friends 
wished  him  to  make  the  canvass  in  the  District 
of  his  residence,  althougli  such  was  hojieloss  of 
success.  .lames  H.  Lucke}',  of  Ottawa  County, 
was  selected  for  the  v.icancy. 

The  Greenback  or  National  i)istrict  Conven- 
tion, August  1st,  nominated  Henry  Kahlo  of 
Toledo,  for  ('ongress,  on  a  vote  of  74.3,  to 
22>4  for  I.  H.  Sherwood,  89.9  for  J.  A.  Haigh, 
5.05  for  Charles  (Jravens  and  4  for  Oscar  Ball. 

Frank  II.  Hurd  was  nominated  fV)r  Congress 
by  the  Democi'atic  t'onvention,  receiving  73 
votes,  to  05  cast  for  Moi-gan  Shaffer  of  llan- 
cock  C'ounty. 

The  vote  in  the  ("ounty  stood  as  follows: 

Secretary  of  State — Milton  Barnes,*  3,215  ;  Havid 
Page,!  3,327.  Congress-J.  B.  Luckev,*  3,148;  F.  H. 
Hurd,!  3,618  ;  Henry  Kahln,!  4. 112.  Judge  of  Com- 
mon Pleas — W.  F.  Lockwood,*!  6,702;  Ira   K.    Lee,+ 


4,097 


Probate  Judge— C'.   I-.  Kennedy,*   2,527;    M. 


E.  Howe,!  3,862;  I.  R.  Sherwood,!  3,.H76.  Auditor— 
J.  P.  Jones,*  4,025  ;  Patrick  Fitzpatrick,!  2,992  ;  Jas: 
Winans,!  3,8.35.  Clerk— M.  J.  Enright,*  3,990  ;  (ieo. 
Vetter,!  2,906;  Walter  Pickens,!  .•!,894.  Cornuiis- 
sioners — J.  C.  Messer.*  3,263  ;  Thomas  P.rown,*  3,324; 

—  Mallon!,  3,465  ;  —  Bowou,!  3,109  ;  James  Covle,! 
4,090;  J.  E.  Wilcox,!  4,040.  Infirmary  Director— S.  S. 
Ketcham,*  3,289 ;  Lucas  Raab.t  3,308 ;  -  Morrill,! 
3,8.31. 

The  vote  of  the  State  stood  :  Secretary  of  State — 
Milton  Barnes,*  274,120  ;  D.  R.  Page,!  270,;«i6  ;  An- 
drew Koy,l  38,332  ;  J.  N.  Robin.son,«i  .5,682  ;  scatter- 
ing, 28.  IJarnes's  plurality,  3,154.  (*  Republicans  ; 
!  Democrats  ;  !  Greenbackers  ;  '1  Prohibition.) 

1879. 

The  Lucas  County  vote  in  October,  1879,  was 
as  follows  : 

Governor— Charles  Foster,  5,1.52  ;  Thomas  Ewing, 

5,245;  Piatt  (Greeidraeker).  1,5.50.  Senator— II.  S. 
AVall)ridge,  5,421;  .lohn  A.  Wilkius,  4,410;  J.  I.. 
Curtis  (Gr.),  2,046.  Judges  of  Common  Picas  CViurt — 
John  H.  Doyle,  5,113  ;  Charles  P.  Wickham,  4,824  ; 
R.  C.  Lemmon,  .5,198;  Thonuis  P.  Finefrock,  4,135. 
Representatives— N.  M.  Howard,  5,151  ;  C.  B.  Hollo- 
way,  4,965;  J.  M.  Hueston,  4,286;  E.  S.  Ood.l,  4,1.34  ; 
Harvey  Kellogg  (Gr.)  2,660;  —  Howland  ((Jr.)  2,752. 
Sherift— Albert  Moore,  4,779;  Patrick  Dowling,  4,0(;3; 

—  Tinkham  (Gr.)  3, 129.  Treasurer— J.  W.  T.iullerton, 
4,.587;  Sam.  Stetlincr,  3,:i00;  E.  B.  Hall  (Gr.)  4,070. 
Prosecuting  Attorney— C.  L.  Kennedy,  4, .591  ;  Byron 
Ritchie,  3,940  ;  N.  ^t.  Odcll,  3,4.52.  Coroner— Chas. 
Hohly,  4,946;  —  Wright,  3,7-56;  —  Chaniberlin  (Gr.) 
2,825.  Commissioner— 11.  C.  Ely,  4,854;  —  Jones, 
3,7.56  ;  —  Sanderson  (Gr.)  3,192.  Infirmary  Director- 
Ed.  I'pton,  5,025;  —  Gessner,  4,134;  I''.  R.  Tigges, 
2,798. 

Th(i  total  vote  for  State  Senator  stood :  For  H.  S. 
Walliridge,  17,701  ;  John  A.  Wilkins,  17,999;  S.  L. 
Curtis  (Gr.),  2,483. 

A  contest  was  proposed,  in   Mr.  Walbridgc's 


360 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


behalf,  on  the  ground  of  the  illegality  of  Dr. 
Wilkins's  vote  "in  Henry  County,  on  account  of 
the  tickets  luxvlng  been  unlawfully  made  dis- 
tinguishable by  the  color  of  the  paper  on  which 
they  were  printed  ;  but  Mr.  Walbridge,  accept- 
ing such  ballots  as  expressing  tlie  will  of  the 
voters  easting  them,  declined  to  make  a  contest. 

The  vote  of  the  State  for  Governor  stood  :  Foster* 
336,261;  T.  Ewing,  319,132;  A.  S.  Piatt  (Gr.),  9,129; 
G.  T.  Stewart  (Pro.)  4,14."). 

1880. 

The  Republican  Convention  for  the  nomina- 
tion of  a  County  ticket  was  held  July  24,  1880, 
with  Eev.  Robert  MeCune  as  President  and 
W.  R.  Leflet,  E.  L.  Jones  and  J.  Vordtriede  as 
Secretaries.  The  ticket  appears  in  the  vote  of 
the  County  given  elsewhere.  A  notable  inci- 
dent of  the  occasion  was  the  nomination  of 
a  candidate  for  Recorder  on  a  vote  of  85f 
to  85^. 

The  Republican  Congressional  Convention 
was  held  July  29th,  with  W.  T.  Walker,  of 
Lucas,  as  President,  and  J.  H.  McElroy  as  Sec- 
retary. James  M.  Ritchie,  of  Toledo,  was  nom- 
inated for  Congress.  The  vote  on  the  first 
ballot  stood  :  J.  M.  Ritchie,  42.54;  J.  K.  Ham- 
ilton, 46.48;  Wm.  Sheffield,  22;  L.  S.  Baum- 
gardner,  18.39;  J.  H.  Brigham,  39.15.  Sixth 
ballot — Ritchie,  118;  Hamilton,  52  ;  Brigham,  1. 

The  Greenback  District  Convention  met  at 
Toledo  August  7th,  with  J.  W.  Northrop  as 
President  and  W.  W.  Cook  as  Secretary.  B.  F. 
Miller,  of  Lucas,  was  nominated  for  Congress, 
upon  the  following  vote;  Miller,  66;  Daniel 
Fink,  of  Fulton  County,  31;  James  M.  Ashley,  1. 

The  Democratic  Convention  was  held  August 
10th,  of  which  J.  M.  Hueston  was  President, 
and  E.  S.  Dodd  and  J.  W.  Erwin  Secretaries. 
C.  F.  Curtis,  G.  W.  Davis,  T.  W.  Childs,  Ed. 
Malone,  L.  C.  Gibbs,  C.  H.  Coy,  D.  O.  Brown, 
John  Cummingsand  H.  P.  Piatt  were  appointed 
as  Central  Committee. 

Frank  H.  Hurd  was  nominated  for  re-elec- 
tion August  12th,  by  the  Democratic  Congres- 
sional Convention  held  at  Napoleon. 

The  Greenback  or  National  County  Conven- 
tion was  held  July  24,  1880,  of  which  Ira  E. 
Lee  was  President  and  J  H.  McGuire  Sec- 
retary. Henry  Mooers,  Herman  Baumbach, 
A.  B.  Conant,  E.  B.  Hall,  Wm.  Blystone,  Wm. 
Taylor,  B.  F.  Miller,  Harvey  Kellogg,  W.  B. 
Warren  and  P.  J.  Mettler  were  appointed  del- 
egates to  a  State  Convention,  and  Herman 
Baumbach,  Frank  Blakely,  H.  C.  Ellis,  B.  F. 
Miller,  Jacob  Romeis,  J.  E  Wilcox  andAVesley 
Hicks  as  a  County  Committee.  This  party 
nominated  its  County  ticket  August  28th, 
when  Harvey  Kellogg  was  President  of  the 
Convention,  and  Gilbert  Canneff  Secretarj'. 

During  the  political  campaign  of  1880  an  or- 
ganization was  formed  of  Republicans  of  Tole- 
do  advanced  in  life,  who   took  the    name   of 


"Silver  Gray  Repuljlican  Club,"  witb  the  fol- 
lowing officers  : 

President — John  R.  Osborn.  Vice-Presidents — 
Horace  S.  Wulbridge,  Mavor  Brigham,  Dr.  J.  A. 
Tenney,  Win.  Breed,  Chauncy  Woodruff,  Col.  Horace 
N.  Howland,  Fitch  Dewey  and  David  E.  Merrill. 
Secretary —Wm.  T.  Walker.  Executive  Committee — 
L.  S.  Baumgardner,  Dr.  S.  S.  Tliorne,  Welcome  0. 
Parker,  John  J.  Barker,  Milton  Taylor.  Captain — 
Col.  Jolm  Faskin. 

The  names  of  164  voters  in  the  County  were 
enrolled  as  members,  with  their  ages  respect- 
ively as  follows : 


Richard  Mott,  76. 
D.  E.  Merrill,  79. 
Hiram  Herrick,  60. 
Joel  Fosprett,  64. 
John  Kauffman,  69. 
Harry  Cole,  71. 
Wm.  Galvert,  61. 


H.  S.  Walbridge,  55. 
C.  D.  Woodrutf,  67. 
Thos.  Howells,  69. 
Joel  W.  Kelsey,  60. 
J.  P.  Powers,  67. 
J.  L.  Pratt,  72. 
W.  H.  Osgood,  60. 


Thos.  Bloomfield,  65.  Calvin  K.  Bennett,  69. 

Henry  Bennett,  75.  Schubel  Mennson,  60. 

Elias  H.  Wright,  63.  Robert  McCune,  .55. 

Cxeo.  W.  Hubbard,  62.  L.  S.  Baumgardner,  48. 

Wm.  Breed,  54.  J.  C.  Curtis,  65. 

Eli  Darian,  59.  Gius.  G.  Fulton,  73. 

James  Shaw,  60.  Clark  Waggoner,  60. 

Geo.  D.  Claflin,  49.  Robert  H.'Bell,  .59. 

David  Davis,  65.  Elwood  Bateman,  55. 

Lafayette  Lyttle,  50.  Josephus  Ricketts,  68. 

Lehman  Kraus,  65.  Andrew  Hunker,  64. 

James  Marston,  54.  Henry  T.  Cook,  .54. 

Frederick  G.  Roulet,  47.  Chas.  Dodge,  55. 

Wm.  A.  Webb,  63.  Richard  Day,  47. 

Rev.  J.  C.  Cromack,  69.  Justus  McDonald,  53. 

Jacob  Greener,  67.  Geo.  S.  McKnight,  61. 

Michael  Hoag,  68.  Geo.  W.  Reynolds,  64. 

G.  H.  Parsons,  60.  John  Van  Gunten,  46. 

W.  A.  Titus,  58.  Horace  Thacher,  79. 

Wra.  Wilmington,  61.  James  H.  Beatty,  55. 

Wm.  T.  Walker,  55.  James  Draper,  58. 

W.  B.  Andrews,  70.  E.  V.  McMaken,  60. 

S.  S.  Hooper,  64.  Joseph  Heinhl,  .55. 

Thos.  J.  Webb,  53.  Wm.  E.  Standart,  52. 

James  L.  Smith,  60.  D.  F.  DeWolf,  57. 

Ebenezer  Bivins,  66.  John  Dillon,  72. 

Joseph  Jones,  76.  Isaac  C.  Vaughn,  68. 

Levi  Snell,  71.  Daniel  Bladen,  72. 

Chas.  Kent,  59.  James  Melvin,  53. 
N.  R.  Locke,  Adams  Township,  88. 

Samuel  Lyons,  58.  John  R.  Osborn,  67. 

Calvin  Herrick,  60.  Wm.  R.  Hoyt,  65. 

Samuel  S.  Read,  65.  Alonzo  Chesebrough,  62. 

Mavor  Brigham,  74.  James  McNelly,  .54. 

J.  F.  Shepard,  71.  David  McCormiek,  67. 

Horace  N.  Howland,  .55.  Jonathan  Wynn,  (i3. 

Dr.  James  L.  Ciiase,  75.  Dr.  Jacob  Clark,  77. 

Henrv  J.  Hayes,  62.  Dr.  Chas.  Cochran,  64. 

Col.  John  Faskin,  59.  Dr.  David  B.  Scott,  77. 

James  M.  Ritchie,  51.  David  Johnson,  72. 

Robert  C.  Navarre,  .50.  Salter  Cleveland,  82. 

Geo.  E.  Pomeroy,  Sr.,  74.  J.  W.  Jaquett,  64. 

Welcome  0.  Parker,  58.  Fitch  Dewey,  .55. 

Jona.  Lundv,  83.  <jeo.  W.  Brown,  51. 

L.  S.  Crim,  N4.  Chas.  Pratt.  52. 

M.  W.  Hubbell,  65.  G.  W.  Fuller,  70. 

Allen  Brown.  47.  Geo.  Garfield,  .50. 

C.  Williams,  64.  John  Fitch,  74. 

J.  H.  Parks,  58.  V.  H.  Ketcham.  (>.5. 

Rev.  R.  M.  Badeau,   70.  J.  S.  Barker,  64. 

Chas.  B.  Phillips,  60.  E.  W.  Pettis,  54. 

Henry  D.  Kingsbury,  62.  Henry  Breed,  63. 

James H.  Camijbell,  68.  Zalmon Thomas,  75. 

Rev.  H.  M.  Bacon,  53.  T.  H.  Woodruff,  59. 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


3(11 


Flavel  Grant,  73. 
E.  K.  IIciwc,  72. 
J.  V.  Matthias,  5o. 
Nathan  M.   Lamlis,  59. 
Hcnrv  MiTrill,  -'n!. 
S.  StJhhins,  72. 
Jona.  Smith,  ."SO. 
W.  I.  Kflk'v,  41'. 
H.  L.  Tliorndike,  57. 
Adam  Hui'sei't,  51. 
Franklin  Hnlibanl,  53. 
Ilcury  Spifllniscli,  55. 
Geo.  Tanner,  05. 
James  Chew,  59. 
Andrew  P.  Merson,  (iO. 
Ed.  Sawyer,  02. 
Milton  Taylor,  50. 
Dr.  S.  8.  Thorn,  .55. 


G.  W.  Miilni\-,.5,S. 
J.  T.   liloondield,  75. 
.Iosei>h  Powell,  77. 
J.  C.  Davis,  51. 
S.  D.  Chamberlin,  00. 
II.  Thonidike,  .55. 
James  D.  Myers,  52. 
Jnlius  Vordtrifdo,  GcS. 
W.  W.  Winter,  58. 
Geo.  K.  Boardnian,'G2. 
Wesley  McNult,  O:!. 
AVesley  J.  Wells,  09. 
Wm.  A.  Beach,  58. 
Jacob  C.  Greener,  67. 
James  A.  Tenney,  74. 
M.  (_).  Wagifoner,  54. 
K.  H.  Van  Hoesen,50. 
E.  W.  Lenderison,  50. 


The  following  was  the  vote  in  Lucas  Count}'. 
October,  1S80;' 

Secretarv  of  State — Townsend,*  0,059;  Lang,f 
0,181  ;  Llovd,t  049.  Congressman— J.  M.  Ritchie,* 
0,S15  ;  F.  H.  Ilnrd.T  0,151 ;  B.  F.  Miller.t  507.  Com- 
mon Pleas  Judge  (long  term)— C.  P.  Wickham,*  | 
7,823;  Jay  Patrick, t  5,971;  (short  term)— John 
Mackey,*  0,752  ;  Gilbert  Harmon, t|  (),722.  Recorder 
— W.  W.  Alcorn,*  0,4.55 ;  C.  J.  Kir.schner,t  0,157;  P.  J. 
Mettler,}:  8.52.  Commi.ssioner — Justus  McDonald,* 
6,.593;  John  Ryan,f  5,954;  J.  E.  Wilcox,^  920.-  Sur- 
veyor— Samuel  Bement,*  6,053;  Geo.'  Meissner,t 
6,048;  D.  A.  Pease, f  793.  Infirmary  Director — Frank 
Hamilton,*  6,80(i ;  Frank  Tilman",f  5.705 ;  Wesley 
Hicks,];  1,020.  (''Republicans,  f  Democrats.  |  Na- 
tionals.) 

J.  M.  Ritchie  was  elected  to  Congress  (the 
District  then  comprising  Lucas,  Wood,  Ottawa, 
Fulton,  Henry  and  Williams  Countie.s),  by  a 
majority  of  004. 

The  vote  for  President  in  the  County  stood  ; 
Gartiekl,  7,157  ;  Hancock,  5,985  ;  Weaver  (Na- 
tional), 420  ;    Prohibition,  2L 

188L 

The  Eepubliean  County  Convention  was  held 
August  li,  1881,  with  J.  M.  Brown  as  President 
and  reporters  of  Republican  papers  as  vSecre- 
taries. 

Four  tickets  were  in  the  tield — Republican, 
Democrat,  National  or  Greenback,  and  Pi-ohi- 
bition,  which  appear  in  the  election  returns  in 
the  order  named. 

The  vote  of  Lucas  Count}-  in  October,  1881, 
was  as  follows : 

Governor — Charles  Foster,  5,004;  J.  W.  Bookwal- 
ter,  5,272;  John  Seitz,  379.  Representatives— C.  B. 
Holloway,  5,155  ;  Noah  H.Swayne,  Jr.,  5,389  ;  Henry 

Kahlo,  5,418  ;  L.  C.  Gibbs,  5,338  ;  Rowland,  302; 

D.  N.  Trowl)ridge,  312.  Senators — J.  D.  Norton,  ma- 
joritv  over  Manville,  3-53;  J.  H.  Brigham,  5,03() ;  J.  B. 
Steedman,  5,219.  Sheriff— Albert  Moore,  4.840  ;  John 
S.  Harbeck,  5,843.  Treasurer~J.  W.  Toullerton, 
4,775;  Joel  W.  Kelsey,  5,929;  John  W.  Hiett,  273. 
Auditor— J.  P.  Jones]  5,111;  Walter  Pickens,  5,517. 
Probate  Judge— Augustus  W.  Eckert,  5,292;  I.  R. 
Sherwood,  5,397.  Clerk— R.  C.  Quiggle,  5,-363 ;  Geo. 
Grogan,  5,214  ;  C.  Frederick,  310.  Prosecuting  At- 
torney— C.  L.  Kennedy,  5,1-50;  Ezra  S.  Dodd,  5,283. 
Commissioner — C.  D.  Woodruff',  5,162;  Ignace  Wer- 
nert,  5,492.  Infirmary  Director— Geo.  Mack,  5,300 ; 
Van  Fleet,  5,306." 

24 


The  total  vote  of  the  Senatorial  District  gave 
Norton  797  mujoritj'  over  Dr.  Manville,  and 
Brigham  lliS  over  Steedman  ;  P.  C.  Beard  and 
Condil  ( I'roiiibition)  receiving  741  and  7j!4,  re- 
s])eclively. 

The  Stale  vote  on  (iovernor  stood  :  P'ostor, 
312,735;  Bookwalter,  288,330;  Ludlow,  10,- 
599,  and  Seitz,  0,320. 

1882. 

The  chief  local  interest  in  the  election  of 
1882,  consisted  ii^  the  choice  of  a  member  of 
Congress.  Charles  A.  King  was  the  Republi- 
can, and  Frank  il.  Hard  the  Democratic  can- 
didate, both  being  residents  of  Lucas  Count}'. 
The  resultof  the  October  election  in  the  (-'ounty 
was  as  follows  : 

For  Secretary  of  State — Charles  Townsend,  5,().80  ; 

—  Newman,  6,.5()4;     —    Hafer   (Greenbacker)    1.53; 

—  Schumacher  (Prohibition),  92.  Judge  of  Su- 
preme Court— John  H.  Dovie,  0,403;  -  Okey,  5,861. 
Congress— C.  A.  King,  6,211;  F.  H.  Ilurd,  0.004; 
Rhodes  (Greenbacker),  108;  Luse  (Pnihibitiun),  74  ; 
Commissioner — Ed.  Upton,  5,-591  ;  F.  R.  Warren, 
0.054.  Infirmary  Director — J.  C.  Messer,  5,737  ;  T. 
O'Neil,  0.457  ;  Harvey  Kellogg  (Gr.).  178;  —  .Stod- 
dard (Pro.),  90.  (First  named,  Republicans;  second, 
Democrats.) 

The  aggregate  vote  of  the  Congressional  District 
stood— King,  13,430;  Kurd,  14,.);;4 ;  Rhodes,  237; 
Luse,  173. 

The  State  vote  was :  Republican,  298,7-59  ;  Demo- 
cratic, 316,874  ;  Greenback,  5,345;  Prohibition,  12  202. 

1883. 

The  State  election  of  1883  was  given  sjiccial 
interest  by  the  submission  l()r  the  action  of  the 
people  of  two  amendments  to  the  State  ('onsti- 
tution,  to  wit :  First  amendment,  to  provide 
for  the  regulation  of  the  liquor  traffic  within 
the  State,  l3y  such  system  as  the  Legislature 
might  adopt ;  and  the  Second  amendment  to 
]irohibit  such  traffic  within  the  State.  It  was 
not  made  a  partisan  issue,  the  two  political 
parties  having  been  divided  u})on  the  question. 

The  Republican  Convention  for  noTninating 
a  County  ticket  was  held  August  11,  1883,  with 
W.  T.  Walker  as  temporary,  and  J.  .M.  Kitchio 
as  permanent  President,  and  the  reporters  of 
the  Re|)ublican  press  as  Secretaries. 

The  vote  at  the  October  election  was  as  fol- 
lows : 

Governor— J.  B.  Foraker,*  6,048  ;  George  Hoad- 
ley,t  7,832.  Senator— John  C.  Korick,*  6,102  ;  Geo. 
Laskcy,*  6,120;  W.  II.  McLynian.t  7,785;  —  Ran- 
nev,t  7,7-50,  Representatives— N.  H.  Swayne,*  0,47.3; 
Jaiues  Mar.ston,*  0,062 ;  Ed.  Malone,t  7,403;  Wm. 
Beattv,t  7,626.  Judge  of  Common  Pleas— George 
R.  Hiiynes,*  8,088;  J.  M.  Ritchie,*  5,851  ;  L.  II.  Pike,t 
5,851;  David  H.  Commager,t  7,008.  SheriH'— Wm. 
Casey,*  5,0-52  ;  J.  S.  Harbeck,}  8,742.  Treasurer— Joel 
W.  Kelsev.t  6,807  ;  F.  R.  Warren,!  7,1  :!7.  Recorder- 
W.  W.  Alcorn,*  0,276  ;  C.  J.  Kir.scbner,t  7,019.  (,'oni- 
nu.ssioner  — Stilhuan  Brown,*  0,100;  John  liyan.t 
7,7.59.     Infirujary  Director- Frank  Hamilton,*  0,000  ; 

—  Ferguson,!  7,841.  Coroner — Frederick  Ibjhiy,* 
6,478;  George  Hollister,f  7,390.  Surveyor— James 
Marston,*  5,982 ;  George  Mei.ssner,t   7,905.      IJijuor 


362 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Amendments  to  State  Constitution :  1st  (to  regulate 
the  traffic)— Yes,  3,080  ;  No,  8,999;  2d  (toproliibitthe 
sale)— Yes,  4,914;  No,  ;i,72S. 

1884. 

The  campaign  of  1884,  involving  the  choice 
of  a  President^  was  attended  with  the  usual  in- 
terest. In  this  Congressional  District,  the 
contest  was  specially  animated,  turning  largelj^ 
on  the  Tariff  question,  Jacob  Romeis,  tiie  Re- 
publican nominee,  representing  the  policy  of 
Protection  ;  and  Mr.  Hurd,  the  Democratic 
candidate,  that  of  Free  Trade. 

The  vote  of  the  County  stood  as  follows; 

Secretary  of  State— J.  S.  Robinson,  8,203  ;  —  New- 
man, 7,866.  Congress — Jacob  Romeis,  8,850 ;  F.  H. 
Hurd,  7,241.  Common  Pleas  Judges— C.  G.  Wilson, 
8,504;  Charles  Dodge,  8,256;  D.  H.  Commager,  7,631; 
R.  C.  Lemmon.  7,913.  Circuit  Judge— George  R. 
Haynes,  8,733  ;  L.  D.Strutton,  7..584.  Auditor— Chas. 
A.  C.  Vordtriede,  8,299;  Walter  Pickens,  7,825.  Pro- 
bate Judge— Joseph  AV.  Cummings,  8,485  ;  Henry  E. 
Howe,  7,636.  Clerk— R.  G.  Quigley,  8,367 ;  Charles 
Noble,  7,679.  Prosecuting  Attorney— J.  H.  Southard, 
8,815  ;  E.  S.  Dodd,  7,340.  Commissioners— (Full  term) 
James  Coyle,  8,488  ;  Ignace  Wernert,  7,585  ;  (vacan- 
cy) John  Bla'den,  8,405;  L.  C.  Gibbs,  7,706.  Infirmary 
Director— George  Mack,  8,605  ;  Peter  Wyek,  7,224. 

Mr.  Romeis's  majority  in  the  District  (Lucas, 
Ottawa,  Sanduskj'  and  Erie  Counties)  was  239. 
Mr.  Hurd  made  contest  for  the  seat,  on  the 
ground  of  irregularity  on  the  part  of  election 
officers,  bribery  and  intimidation  of  voters. 
The  matter  wa.s  vigorously  jn-essed  by  both 
sides  before  the  House  of  Representatives  dur- 
ing the  session  of  1885-G,  resulting  in  the  seat- 
ing of  Mr.  Romeis. 

Tiie  total  vote  of  the  Judicial  Circuit  (Lucas, 
Sandusky,  Ottawa,  Erie,  Huron,  Loi'ain,  Cuy- 
ahoga and  Summit  Counties),  stood  :  Haynes, 
59,9iJl  ;  Strutton,  52,358. 

The  vote  of  Lucas  County  for  President  was 
as  follows : 


1 
6 

1 

SI.  John. 

Toledo- 
Precinct  A,  First  Ward 

B,  '■        ■•     .... 

C,  ■'        "    .... 

123 
3M 
399 
208 
257 
173 
871 
314 
.341 
165 
175 
131 
234 
374 
429 
277 
202 
201 
487 
292 
216 
301 
.359 
93 
67 
21 

83 
225 

307 
I4S 
228 
162 
205 
174 
182 
305 
167 
232 
397 
530 
310 
344 
199 
359 
365 
98 
329 
1.30 
321 
87 
68 
35 

2 
3 

7 

2 

4 

1 

B,  "       "    .... 

C,  "        "     .... 
A.  Third  Ward 

1 
2 

1 
5 

B,  "        '•    .... 

C,  "        ■■     .... 
A,  Fourth  Ward 

2 

2 

4 

B,  "        "    .... 

C,  "       "    .... 

A,  Fifth  Ward.... 

B,  "       "    .... 

C,  "        "    .... 
A,  Sixth  Ward 

6 
4 
5 

9 

2 

i 

7 

B,        ■'        "    

A,  Seventh  Ward 

B,  "       "    .... 

C,  ■•       "    .... 
A,  Eighth  Ward.. 

7 
1 

11 
3 

B,        "        "    .... 

C,        "        "     .... 

South  Toledo— 1st  Ward 

2d  Ward 

3d  Ward 

14 
8 
2 
1 

5 

s 
e 
^ 

i 

1 

1 

26 
161 
123 
258 
157 
MO 

r,7 

100 

102 

207 

181 

98 

147 

98 

90 

34 

120 

124 

232 

109 

97 

67 

54 

42 

83 

114 

123 

61 

123 

115 

3 
6 
3 

.\danis             

1 

2 

'7" 

2 

4 

8' 

s" 

27 

Richfield 

4 

Spencer 

4 
12 

Swantou         

6 

24 

Washington— 1st  Precinct 

2d        "        

3d       "        

Waterville 

13 

io" 

White  House             

Totals 

8,314 

9.57 

706 

400,082 

7,387 
368,280 

135 
5,179 

156 

Plurality                   

Total  vote  of  Ohio     

10,009 

1885. 

The  following  was  the  vote  in  Lucas  County 
at  the  State  election,  October,  1885  : 

For  Governor— J.  B.  Foraker,*  7,080 ;  George 
Hoadley,t  6,894  ;  —  Leonard,!  428.  State  Senators— 
AV.  W.  "Cook,*  7,218;  W.  C.  Tingle,*  7,092;  Ezra  S. 
Dodd,t  6,809  ;  —  Groschner,t  0,825  ;  —  White,t  422  ; 
—  Echols,t  412.  Judge  of  Common  Pleas  Court — 
Charles  P.  Wickham,*  7,227;  T.  P.  Finefrock.t  6,802; 
P.  C.  Beard, t  380.  Representatives— Orville  S.  Brum- 
bach,*  7,101 ;  Herman  Baumbach,*  6,586;  J.  H.  Puck.f 
7,017:  —  Hicks.f  6,805.  Treasurer— Horace  J.  Potter,* 
7,134;  F.  J.  Cheney,t6,,s.32;  L.  H.  Johnson,^  384.  Sberiti 
—Robert  H.  Bell,*  6,480  ;  Benj.  F.  Wade,f  7,.3,S7;  — 
Monroe, J  380  ;  M.  Mallon,1[  122.  Commissioners — 
John  P.  Holloway,*  6,776;  L.  C.  Gibbs,t  7,092;  S.  B. 
Worden,j:  535.  Infirmary  Director— Joseph  N.  Blum- 
berg,*  6,923  ;  Thomas  0'Npill,t  7,047  ;  —  Trumbull,! 
420.  Coroner — Wilson  W.  Cullison,"  7,315  ;  George 
A.  Hollister.t  6,074;  —  Radclifie.t  417.  I*  Republi- 
cans,    t  Democrats,    t  Prohibtion.    'i  Independent.) 

188G. 

For  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  Ohio,  the 
annual  State  election,  under  the  amendment  of 
the  Constitution,  was  this  year  held  in  Novem- 
ber, instead  of  October.  The  object  of  such 
change  was  to  avoid  a  second  general  election 
for  President,  when  such  should  occur.  The 
chief  local  interest  on  this  occasion,  arose  in 
the  choice  of  Congressman,  and  was  due  largely 
to  the  fact  that  Jacob  Romeis  (Republican),  and 
Frank  H.  Hurd  (Democrat),  parties  to  the  con- 
test for  the  seat  in  the  4iHh  Congress,  were 
opposing  candidates  in  an  appeal  to  the  people 
of  the  District.  Their  canvass  engrossed  largely 
the  public  attention,  and  was  prosecuted  witii 
vigor.  The  following  was  the  result  of  the 
vote  in  Lucas  Countj^  on  the  candidates  named  : 

Secretary  of  State — James  S.  Robinson,*  7,942  ; 
John  McBriile.f  7,574;  Henry  R.  Smith,t  299. 

Representative  in  Conyress- Jacob  Romeis,*  8,8,87; 
F.  H.  Hurd. T  6,653;  George  ^\'-  Hagans.t  2150. 

Common  Pleas  Juilge — John  Mackev,*8,i:i2  ;  J.  L. 
Dewitt,t  7,376  ;  Ilewson  S.  Peeke,t  308". 

County  Commissioner — Edward  S.  Lloyd,*  7,587; 
John  Ryau,t  7,968  ;  Silas  M.  Johnson,|  239. 

Recorder— Wm.  V.  McMaken,*  8,125;  Chas.  J. 
Kir.schner,t  7,339 ;  C.  N.  Hollister,{  282. 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


363 


Survevor  —  Henrv  \V.  AVilholm,*  8,243;  George 
MeissneV,  jr.,t,  7,24^  ;  Thos.  Kiuklift",?  297. 

Infiriiiarv  Director— Geo.  W.  lievnokls,*  S.IGG; 
Clias.  \V.  Ferguson, t  7,.300  ;  Sylve.^ter  B.  Worden,;  312. 

*ReiMiblicans.     fDemocrat.s,     tProliil)itionists. 

The  vote  in  the  Congressional  District  was  as 
follows  : 

Counties.                    Jiomeis.  Hurd.  Hagans. 

Lucas S,887  6,053  230 

Sandusky 2,i)74  3,329  130 

Ottawa 1,643  2,348  18 

Erie 3.674  3,368  94 

Totals 17,178  15,692  472 

Plurality 1,486 

Majority 1,014 

The  aggregate  vote  for  Judge  of  Common 
Pleas  in  the  District  (Lucas,  Ottawa,  Sandusky, 
Erie  and  Huron  Counties),  was  as  follows: 

ForMaekey,  19,.">04;  DeWitt,  19,983;  Peeke,  1,006; 
Plurality  for  Dewitt,  479;  majority  against  same,  527. 

The  vote  of  the  State  on  Secretary,  stood  : 

J.  S.  Robinson,  340,895  ;  John  McBride,  .329,314;  H. 
R.  Smith, .  Republican  plurality,  11, .581;  Re- 
publican majority, . 


What  came  to  be  known  as  the  Greenback 
or  National  ]iart3%  first  made  its  a])pearancc  in 
1S76,  when  Peter  Cooper  was  its  candidate  for 
President,  and  Samuel  F.  Gary  for  Vice-Presi- 
dent. Lucas  County  was  a  chief  locality  of  its 
strength,  that  being  the  only  County  in  the 
State  in  which  it  cast  a  ])luralit3'  of  the  ballots, 
its  vote  in  1877  having  been  40  per  cent,  of 
the  total  vote  cast.  The  main  occasion  for 
its  organization  was  the  proposed  resumption 
of  specie  payments  bj-  the  Governnient,  which 
it  resisted,  proposing  instead  the  permanent 
use  of  Government  paper,  and  the  exclusion  of 
coin  as  a  basis  for  currency.  With  the  suc- 
cessful inauguration  of  resumption,  January  1, 
LS7!),  this  partj-  began  rapidly  to  subside,  and 
soon  it  had  virtually  disappeared  as  a  separate 
organization.  At  the  elections  of  1877  and  '78, 
its  tickets  in  Toledo  and  the  County  were 
elected.  Its  rise  and  fall,  as  indicated  by  the 
election  returns,  is  shown  in  the  following 
tables,  giving  its  vote  and  that  of  the  Repub- 
lican and  Democratic  parties  in  Lucas  County 
and  the  State : 


1870. 

18T7. 

1878. 

1879. 

President. 

Governor 

Secretary  of  State. 

Attorney  General. 

Rep. 

Dem. 

Rep. 

Dem. 

JVa(. 

Rep. 

Dem. 

Nat. 

Rep. 

Dem. 

Nat. 

Toledo— First  Ward 

682 

813 

244 

153 

474 

319 

176 

430 

493 

238 

301 

"        Second  Ward 

511 

378 

224 

199 

3.50 

293 

253 

361 

457 

403 

183 

Third  Ward 

801 

436 

410 

325 

223 

.569 

309 

227 

712 

362 

127 

Fourth  Ward 

416 

519 

129 

287 

418 

206 

431 

308 

216 

510 

234 

Fifth   Wanl 

677 
333 

881 
310 

163 
97 

294 
192 

797 
279 

188 
128 

536 
233 

700 
232 

372 
214 

648 
294 

533 

"        Sixth  Ward 

136 

Seventh  Wanl 

616 

466 

272 

260 

482 

421 

333 

359 

363 

428 

229 

Eighth  Ward 

479 

533 

147 

233 

430 

171 

359 

404 

387 

405 

370 

Totals  in  Toledo 

4515 

3846 

1686 

1943 

3553 

2295 

2632 

3081 

3524 

3133 

2113 

Mauniee — First  Ward 

129 

75 

56 

75 

43 

64 

65 

37 

82 

78 

30 

"           .Second  Ward 

64 

64 

27 

63 

33 

30 

57 

30 

49 

49 

30 

Third  Ward 

16 

35 

8 

40 

13 

12 

26 

17 

9 

40 

9 

Totals,  JIaumee 

209 

174 

91 

178 

89 

106 

148 

84 

140 

167 

69 

Adams 

146 

86 

61 

72 

46 

61 

80 

74 

87 

82 

63 

Monclova 

141 

89 

111 

79 

6 

78 

55 

57 

118 

69 

25 

Oregon..  _.         ..     _     __     _.     . 

216 
129 
138 

123 
132 

78 

100 

71 

106 

86 
87 
73 

68 

28 

9 

115 
42 
91 

81 
72 
71 

153 

(>8 
28 

165 

1123 

136 

IKi 

87 

92 

Providence       _ _.     _ 

14 

RichHeld 

12 

Spencer 

85 

50 

24 

40 

39 

19 

34 

64 

47 

62 

28 

Springlield 

100 

64 

68 

63 

42 

48 

39 

58 

83 

35 

29 

Swanton     ._. 

83 

39 

42 

25 

1 

41 

15 

34 

83 

35 

8 

Sylvania 

232 

93 

120 

64 

59 

118 

72 

43 

180 

70 

14 

Washington— First  Precinct 

78 

40 

143 

146 

24 

127 

236 

66 

71 

'■             Second  Precinct 





30 

17 

25 

39 

21 

18 

46 

21 

27 

Totals,  Washington 

334 

148 

108 

57 

168 

185 

45 

145 

280 

87 

98 

Waterville ..           ._  .. 

70 

109 

45 

89 

26 

44 

73 

47 

53 

99 

27 

WavnesKeld _ 

38 

24 

16 

22 

11 

17 

25 

12 

24 

25 

10 

Wliitehouse .       .     ... 

85 
2105 

115 
1294 

32 

985 

70 
1013 

30 
632 

34 
t)99 

68 
899 

41 

808 

56 
1575 

88 
1132 

28 

Totals  outside  Toledo 

517 







Grand  Totals  for  County 

6524 

5155 

2671 

3155 

4076 

3294 

3521 

3993 

5099 

42(i5 

2630 

3G4 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY, 


The  National  party  had  a  ticket  in  the  year 
18S0,  but  not  thereafter.  After  that  year,  its 
jnenibcrs  hargcly,  though  not  wholly,  returned 
to  their  Ibrnier  political  attiliations.  The  rise 
and  fall  of  that  oi-ganization  in  Lucas  County 
are  shown  by  the  'following  table  of  votes  cast 
there  at  State  elections  in  the  years  named,  to 
wit: 

1877.  1878.  1879.  1S80, 

Republicans 2671  3294  5099  0659 

Democrats 3155  3521  42(;5  6181 

Nationals 4076  3993  2630  649 

The  votes  of  the  same  parties  in  the  State  for 
the  same  years  were  as  follows  : 

1877.  1878.  1879.  1880. 

Republicans 248,945  274,120  336,261  375,048 

Democrats 271,625  270,966  319,132  340,.S21 

Naliouals 16,912  38,332  9,129  6,456 


POLITICAL   LITERATURE. 

Among  the    popular  Whig    songs    of  1840, 
were  the  following: 

THE  HURRAH  SONG.- 

Old  Tip's  the  Boy  to  swing  the  iiail, 

Hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah! 
And  make  the  Locos  all  turn  pale, 

Hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrali  ! 
He'll  give  them  all  a  tartial  switcheu, 
When  he  begins  to  "  Clar'  de  Kitchen," 

Hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah  ! 

Plonghboys  though  he  leads  in  battle. 

Hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah  ! 
He  is  a  team  at  raising  cattle, 

Hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrali! 
And  though  old  Proctor  at  him  kicked, 
He  is  the  chap  that  ne'er  was  licked, 
Hurrah,  &c. 

His  latch-string  hangs  outside  the  door. 
Hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah.! 

As  it  has  always  hung  before, 

Hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah ! 

We've  vowed  by  Whigs  he  should  be  sent 

To  Washington  as  President, 
Hurrah,  &c. 

In  all  the  States  no  door  stands  wider, 

Hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah  ! 
To  ask  you  in  to  drink  Hard  Cider. 

Hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah! 
But  any  man  that's  "  given  to  grabbin," 
t'an  never  enter  his  Log  Cabin, 
Hurrah,  &e. 

For  such  as  Swartwout,  Price  and  Boyd. 

Hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah ! 
His  honest  soul  will  e'er  avoid. 

Hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah  ! 
And  ijoverty  he  thinks  no  crime. 
But  welcomes  it  at  dinner  time, 
Hurrah,  &c. 

So  here's  three  cheers  for  honest  Tip, 

Hurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah  I 
We've  got  the  Locos  on  the  hip, 

Plurrah,  hurrah,  hurrah  ! 
We'll  row  them  all  tar  up  Salt  River, 
There  let  them  stand  to  shaku  and  shiver, 
Hurrah,  (fee. 

*  Sung  for  the  first  time  at  the  dedication  of  the  Whig  I^og- 
f'abin  in  Ohio  City  (now  part  of  Cleveland),  in  March,  1840. 


Like  the  rushing  of  mighty  waters,  waters,  waters. 
On  It  will  go  ; 

And  in  its  course  it  will  clear  the  way, 
For  Tippecanoe,  &c. 

See  the  Loco  standard  tottering,  tottering,  tottering, 
Down  it  must  go  ; 
And  in  its  phuH-  we'll  rear  the  flag 
Of  Tippecanoe,  &c. 

Don't  you  hear  from  every  quarter,  quarter,  quarter, 
Good  news  and  true, 
That  swift  the  ball  is  rolling  on, 
For  Tippecanoe,  &c. 

The  Buckeye  Boys  turned  out  in   thousands,  thousands,  thou- 
sands. 

Not  long  ago, 

And  at  Columbus  set  their  seals 
For  Tippecanoe,  Ac. 

Now  you  hear  the  Van  Jacks  talking,  talking,  talking, 
Things  look  quite  blue. 
For  all  the  world  seems  turning  round 
For  Tippecanoe,  &c. 

Let  them  talk  about  Hard  Cider,  cider,  elder, 
And  I-iOg  Cabins,  too, 
'Twill  help  to  speed  the  ball, 
For  Tippecanoe,  &c. 

The  latch-string  hangs  outside  the  door,  door,  door, 
And  is  never  pulled  through, 
For  that  never  was  the  custom  of 
Old  Tippecanoe,  &c. 

He  always  has  his  table  set,  set,  set, 
For  all  honest  and  true, 
And  invites  them  all  to  take  a  bite 
With  Tippecanoe,  &c. 

See  the  spoilsmen  and  leg-treasurers,  treasurers,  treasurers, 
All  in  a  stew. 

For  well  they  know  they  stand  no  chance 
With  Tippecanoe,  tfcc. 

Little  Matty's  days  are  numbered,  numbered,  numbered, 
*Out  he  must  go, 

And  in  the  chair  we'll  place  the  good 
Old  Tippecanoe,  <tc. 

Now,  who  shall  we  have  for  (iov'nor,  Gov'nor,  Gov'uor, 
Who,  tell  me  who'.' 
Let's  have  Tom  Corwiu,  for  he's  a  team 

For  Tippecanoe  and  Tyler  too — for  Tippecanoe  and  Tyler  too: 
And  with  him  we'll  beat  \\  ilson  Shannon,  Shannon, 

Shannon; 
Shannon's  a  used  up  man 

And  with  him  we'll  beat  Wilson  Shannon. 


WHAT  HAS  CAUSED  THIS  GKEAT  COMMOTION? 

TVNE— Little  Pig'^  Tail. 

What  has  caused  this  great  commotion ,  'motion,  "motion, 
Our  country  through? 
It  is  the  ball  a~rolling  on,  on. 

CHORUS. 

For  Tippecanoe  and  Tyler  too— 

Tippecanoe  and  Tyler  too  ; 
And  with  them  we'll  beat  little  Van,  Van,  Van  ; 

Van  is  a  used  up  man  ; 

And  with  them  we'll  beat  little  Van. 


Among  the  more  popular  songs  of  1844,  was 
the  following,  which  is  found  in  the  Blade : 

THE  COONS  ARE  RISING. 

Tune— Oidi)an  Tucker. 

The  skies  are  bright:  our  heartsare  light. 
For  North  and  South  the  Whigs  unite  ; 
And  we'll  set  our  songs  to  good  old  tviues. 
For  there  is  music  in  these  coons. 

Hurrali,  hurrah,  the  Whigs  are  rising: 

Hurrali,  hurrah,  the  Whigs  are  rising; 

Hurrah,  hurrah,  the  Whigs  are  rising; 

For  Harry  Clay  and  Frelihghuysen. 

The  Locos'  hearts  are  very  sore : 
'They  look  quite  blue  the  Nation  o'er, 
Forthey  l)egin  to  think  with  reason. 
That  this  will  be  a  great  Coon  season. 
Hurrah,  &c. 

Old  Frelinghiiysen  is  a  Jersey  Blue— 
A  noble  Whig,  both  good  and  true  : 
And  we'll  make  New  Jersey  feel 
The  Whigs  respect  her  Great  Broad  Seal. 
Hurrah,  &c. 

Oh  !  Matty  Van's  a  man  of  doubt ; 
He  wires  in  and  wires  out ; 
You  cannot  tell  when  on  his  track, 
If  he's  going  South  orcoming  back. 
Hurrah,  &c. 

The  Coon  now  looks  abroad  with  pride. 
For  who  is  there  dares  to  touch  his  hide? 
He's  found  a  cure  for  Loco  poison 
In  Harry  Clay  and  Frelinghuysen. 
Hurrah,  &c. 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


:!(ifi 


United  hand  and  heart  are  we, 
From  Northern  Lake  to  Southern  Sen, 
From  East  to  West,  all  have  tlieir  eyes  on 
Harry  Clay  and  Frelinghuyscu. 
Hurrah,  &c. 

The  ladles  all,  with  true  Whi^'  zeal. 
Will  lal)or  for  the  Nation's  weal : 
They'll  sinR  Whis  songs,  and  in  Old  llyson, 
Drink  to  Clay  and  Frelini,'huysen. 
Hurrah,  &e. 


Of  Ohio  political  song- writers,  Joliii  Groincr, 
without  doubt,  stands  at  the  heiid.  Boginuing 
with  the  cani]>aign  of  1844,  and  continuing 
more  or  less  actively  for  10  years,  he  produced 
an  amount  and  variety  of  that  class  of  litera- 
ture not  equaled  lj3'  that  of  any  other  writer  ; 
and  while  it  was  partisan,  and  designed  as 
such ,  it  was  pervaded  by  a  spirit  of  good  nature 
which  disarmed  criticism,  even  from  his  polit- 
ical opponents.  Among  his  earlier  produc- 
tions most  popular  with  the  Whigs,  was  the 
one  written  in  response  to  a  call  from  the 
Editor  of  the  Ohio  Statesman  (Sam.  Medary), 
then  the  Democratic  organ,  for  "a  song  from 
Greiner,"  soon  after  the  nomination  of  David 
Tod  for  Governor  by  the  Democrats  in  January, 
1844.     It  was  as  follows  : 

GOVEENOR  TOD. 

Air — Rosin  tlie  Bow. 

Soon  after  the  great  nomination 
Was  held  at  Columtms.  so  odd, 
•  There  was  quite  a  joltilieation 

At  the  homestead  of  Governor  Tod. 

His  Mother,  good  pious  old  lady, 
Her  spectacles  threw  on  the  sod— 
"  Good  gracious!  who  d  thought  that  our  Davy 
Would  ever  be  Governor  Tod  T' 

His  Sisters,  each  other  remarking, 

Said  proudly,  "  Those  fellows  may  plod. 

Who  used  to  coine  np  here  a  sparking 
The  Sisters  of  Governor  Tod."' 

The  little  Tods,  Ijuilding  play-houses, 

.\s  they  in  their  petticoats  trod. 
Said,  "  Oh,  Mother,  now  shan't  we  wear  Irowsers, 

Since  Papa  is  Governor  Tod '? 

"  Indeed,  we  will  cut  no  more  capers, 
Because  it  would  look  very  odd. 
If  we  were  to  play  with  the  neighbors. 
And  we  all  young  Governors  Tod." 

"  Be  quiet,  each  little  young  sappy, 

I'll  tickle  your  backs  with  the  rods  ; 
It's  only  myself  and  your  Papa 

Are  Governors,  saucy  young  Tods." 

So,  now,  if  the  people  are  hardened. 
And  shouldn't  elect  him,  how  odd  ; 

They  surely  will  never  get  pardone<i 
By  Davy,  the  Governor  Tod. 

Though  beaten  by  Mordecai  l>artloy,  the 
Whig  candidate,  in  1844,  and  again  by  Wm. 
J5ebb,  in  1840,  Mr.  Tod,  in  18(il,  as  the  Union 
nominee,  was  elected  tiovernor  by  a  strong 
majoritj'. 


In  January,  1849,  after  the  Legislature  had 
been  nominally  in  session  over  six  weeks  with- 
out progress  in  its  business,  Mr.  Greiner  fur- 
nished the  following  : 


THE  OLD  MILI.,-A  GRIND. 


This  noisy  old  Mill  has  been  raising  a  muss  ; 
'  Tis  all  out  of  gear,  and  kicks  up  such  a  fuss.  » 

That  hungry  men,  wailing  with  ".SaeUs"  tlicv  would  till, 
.\las  !  not  a  grist  can  they  get  from  the  Jlill. 
Grinding  away,  etc. 

This  old  mill  is  crowded  with  big  men  ond  small- 
All  after  the  hide  of  the  Senator  tall ;  (a) 
.Judge Itead.  like  the  reed  that  was  shook  by  the  wind, 
Begs,  tremblingly,  "  for  God's  sake,"  to  give  hiui  a  grind. 
Grinding  away,  etc. 

■Iitdye  Poller's  Ih)  in  waiting,  impatient,  no  doubt ; 
Around  the  old  Mill  he  still  "potters  "  about; 
While  SoliiKni.  P.  Chase,  with  "  Free  Soil  and  free  gammon," 
Stands  baiting  his  hook  and  is  lishing  for  Salmon." 


Grinding  away,  etc. 


And  here  is  Judge  Wood.    .ludgc,  how  do  you  do '.' 
The  "noise  and  confvision— "   What'.'  Sii<tuldhi<i  (c)  here.too? 
And  there's  modest  Sam  Id),  he's  awfully  squinting 
One  eye  on  the  Senate  and  one  on  the  printing. 
Grinding  away,  etc. 

Three  weeks  in  December,  by  night  and  by  day. 
The  Locos  they  sat,  and  they  tinkered  away. 
"  Confound  the  old  Mill,"  then  said  Uiler,  (c)  "  I'll  bust  her. 
By  by  hat."  said  he,  "  boys,  I  turn  on  the  water." 
Grinding  away,  etc. 

Archk  if)  thought  it  a  wind-mill,  and  Lord,  how  he  blowed; 
While  U'liilmoii  tg)  tried  ga.s :  but  the  gas  would  ccplode  ; 
But  gas,  wind  and  water,  together  combined, 
Won't  answer  the  purpose— the  Mill  it  won't  grind. 
Grinding  away,  etc. 

(«)  Wm.  Allen,  then  United  States  .Senator.  (/))  E.  I).  Potter, 
of  Toledo,  (c)  R.  P.  Spaulding,  then  of  .\kron,  now  of  Cleve- 
land, (d)  Sam.  Medary,  editor  of  iiliio  ,'ilalesman.  (e)  Ben.  P. 
Leiter,  of  Canton,  temporary  President  of  the  Senate.  (/)  Kd- 
ward  Archbold,  Senator  from  Monroe  County,  (g)  Judge  Whit- 
man, of  Lancaster. 

*Mr.  Chase  was  elected  Senator  soon  thereafter,  a.s  the  suc- 
cessor of  Mr.  Allen. 


COUNTY   OFFICERS. 

Following  is  as  correct  a  list  of  incumbents 
of  the  County  offices  named  as  can  be  prepared: 

CLEBKS  OP  COURTS. 

Horatio  Conant,  ISo.j-.l". 

Daniel  McEain  (Deputy),  l,s,37. 

James  Mj'ers,  (Acting),  1837. 

Jerome  B.  Myers  (Deputy),  1837. 

James  Myers  1841-44. 

Francis  L.  Nichols,  1844-47,  and  1854-.]7. 

Denison  Steele,  1851-54. 

Peleg  T.  Clark,  I.S57-(i:!. 

Victor  Keen,  1863-72. 

Michael  J.  Enriglit,  187l'-81. 

Romanso  C.  <.2uiggle,  1881-87. 

PKOSECUTINQ  ATTOItNEVS. 

Andrew  Coffinbury,  1830. 
Emerv  D.  Potter,  183(i. 
John  Fitch,  l,S3()-38. 
Caleb  F.  Abljott,  1838-43. 
James  M.  Cotiinbury,  18-13-45. 
Thomas  Dunhip,  jr.,  1845-47. 
WilHam  H.  Hall,  1847-51. 
John  J.  Manor,  1.851-57. 
Ita  E.  Lee,  1.857-59. 
George  P.  Estc,  l.S.50-()l. 
Keubeu  C.  Lcnmion,  18(il-(i3. 
George  E.  Havnes,  18(i3-n7. 
J.Kent  llaiuiltoii,  I8(i7-71. 
J.  D.  Ford,  1.871-77. 
Morgan  N.  Odell,  1877-79. 
Charles  L.  Kennedy,  1879-81. 
E.  S.  Dodd,  1881-84. 
J.  T.  Southard,  1884-87. 


366 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


COMMISSIONERS. 

Cvrus  Holloway,  1835. 

John  Baldwin,  1835-37. 

Robert  Gower,  1835-37. 

Samuel  Bartlett,  1837. 

William  P.  Daniels,  1837-39. 

Eli  Hubbard,  1838-43. 

John  Van  Fleet,  1838-41. 

David  Hobart,  1839-42. 

Albert  C.  Hough,  1841-44. 

Horace  Waite,  1843-45. 

Galen  B.  Abell,  1844-46. 

Lvman  Pareher,  1845-47. 

Piiny  Latliroji,  1,S4(>48. 

Lorenzo  L.  Morehouse,  184(1-49. 

Daniel  Knowles,  1847-49. 

Stephen  Ilaughton,  1S4S. 

Robert  A.  Forsyth,  1850-52. 

Samuel  Divine,  1849-.52. 

Russell  C.  Daniels,  1851-52. 

Peter  C.  Lewis,  1851-54. 

William  F.  Dewey,  1852-54. 

Alfred  J.  Eldridge,  1854. 

Joel  W.  Kelsev,  1855-58. 

Daniel  F.  Cook,  1855-57,  and  18G3-65. 

Sereno  C.  Brainard,  1856-58. 

Daniel  Segur,  1857. 

Edward  Bissell,  1858-60. 

William  Taylor,  18.59-64,  and  1866. 

Galen  Norton,  1860-62. 

Samuel  A.  Raymond,  1861-63. 

Paul  Jones,  1864-67. 

George  W.  Reynolds,  1865-67. 

Edwin  Gordinier,  1867-73. 

Jesse  S.  Norton,  1869-78. 

Thomas  S.  Merrell,  1869-71. 

E.  W.  Lenderson,  1870. 

Lucas  Raab,  1874-76. 

Patrick  Dowling,  187.5-77. 

Henry  C.  Ely,  1877-82. 

James  Coyle,  1878-80,  and  188.5-87. 

J.  E.  Wilcox,  1879-81. 

Justin  McDonald,  1881-83. 

Ignatius  Wernert,  1882-84. 

John  Ryan,  1884-87. 

John  Bladen,  1885. 

L.  C.  Gibbs,  1886-87. 

SHERIFFS. 

Munson  H.  Daniels,  1835. 
Cornelius  G.  Shaw,  1837-41. 
Elisha  Frost,  1841-45. 
Luther  Dodge,  1845-47. 
Elisha  Mack,  1S47-51. 
Elijah  Dodd,  1851-55. 
Stephen  J.  Springer,  1855-57. 
Henry  D.  King.sburv,  1857-1861. 
Nathan  M.  Landis,  1861-65. 
H.  D.  Kingsburv,  1865-69. 
Patrick  H.  Dowling.  1869-73. 
Albert  Moore,  1873-77,  and  1879-81. 
Samuel  S.  Linton,  1877-79. 
John  S.  Harbeck,  Jr.,  1881-85. 
Benjamin  F.  AVade,  1885-87. 


Samuel  M.  Young,  1835-38. 
Levi  S.  Lownsbury,  1838-42. 
Urial  Spencer,  1843-45. 
William  F.  Dewey,  184.5-.52. 
Andrew  Young,  i853-.55. 
Cyrus  D.  Hanks,  1857-59. 
Charles  R.  Dennett,  1859. 
Alexander  Reed,  1859-63. 


James  L.  Smith,  1863-69. 
Elijah  W.  Lenderson,  1869-74. 
Gustave  Wittstein,  1874-76. 
John  Paul  Jones,  1876-81. 
Walter  Pickens,  1881-84. 
Charles  A.  C.  Vordtriede,  1884-87. 

TREASURERS. 

Eli  Hubbard,  1835. 
Sanford  L.  Collins,  1836-39. 
John  U.  Pease,  1839-44. 
F.  E.  Kirtland,  1844-48. 
Lyman  Pareher,  1.S48-52. 
John  E.  Hunt,  1852-54. 
Cyrus  H.  Coy,  1854-56. 
Benjamin  Joy,  18.56-.58. 
Samuel  Blanehard,  185,S-60. 
Valentine  Braun,  1860-64. 
Ern.st  Greinei,  1864-68. 
Andrew  Stephan,  1868-72. 
John  S.  Kountz,  1872-74. 
Robert  Cummings,  1874-76. 
William  Cummings,  1876-78. 
Elijah  B.  Hall,  1878-80. 
John  W.  TouUerton,  1880-82. 
Joel  W.  Kelsev,  1882-84. 
Foster  R.  Warren,  1884-86. 
Horace  J.  Potter,  1886-88. 

BECORDEKS. 

Frederick  Wright,  1835. 
Junius  Flagg,  1837-47.     • 
Horace  Thacher,  1847-53. 
Thomas  Brophy,  1853-59. 
Jonathan  Wvnn,  1859-65. 
Josiah  W.  White,  1865-74. 
^  John  S.  Kountz,  1874-77. 
Isaac  Head,  1877-80. 
William  AV.  Alcorn,  1880-83. 
Charles  J.  Kirschner,  1883-86. 
William  V.  McMaken,  1886-89. 

SURVEYORS. 

William  Martin,  1835. 

Samuel  Divine,  1836-38. 

Wm.  Mitchell,  1838. 

Daniel  L.  Westcott,  1837-41. 

Wm.  :Martin,  1841-46. 

Thomas  Clark,  1847-51. 

Henrv  J.  Vaughn,  1851. 

AVilliam  H.  Harris,  1851-4,  and  1856-59. 

L.  W.  Doane,  1855. 

E.  W.  Lenderson,  18.59-68. 

Jerome  L.  Stratton,  1871-77. 

Chas.  W.  Shoemaker,  1877-80. 

Samuel  Bement,  1880-83. 

George  Meissner,  1883-86. 

H.  W.  AVilhelm,  1886-89. 

CORONERS. 

D.  Cole.  1837-38. 
D.  Garlick,  1838-41. 
Eli  Kitts,  1841-43. 
John  Hamilton,  1843-45. 
Edwin  Avery,  1845-47. 
Daniel  Knowles,  1847-49. 
George  D.  Treat,  1849-51. 
John  G.  Kemme,  1851-53. 
Michael  Schoenocker,  1853-55. 
Valentine  Braun,  lS.57-.59. 
Alfred  Bostwick,  18.59-61. 
Symmes  H.  Bergen,  1861-6-5. 
j\Iarcns  Schnetzler,  186.5-67. 
Jabez  M.  Cooke,  1867-73. 
George  A.  Collamore,  1873. 
C.  Van  Fleet,  1874. 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS. 


■m;7 


Samuel  S.  Thorn,  1875. 
H.  P.  Chamberliu,  1S77. 
Frederick  Hohlv,  l.s.S{)-,s2, 
George  A.  Hollister,   1882-85. 
Wilson  W.  Cullison,  1885-87. 

LUCAS  COUNTY  OFFICERS,  18S7. 

I'rosecuting  Attorney,  James  II.  Soutluinl. 

Auilitor,  C^iarles  A.  C.  Wirdtriede. 

Keeorder,  William  V.  Mc^laken. 

Clerk  of  Courts,  R.  C.  (Jui.uKle. 

Probate  Judge,  J.  W.  ('iiuimin{;.s. 

Surveyor,  II.  W.  Wilhelm. 

Sherifl;  B.  F.  Wade. 

Deputy  Sherifl's,   John   C.  riiclau   ami   Miehael 

Walsh. 
Coroner,  Dr.  W.  W.  Cullison. 
Treasurer,  Horaee  J.  Potter. 
Deputy  Treasurer,  Clayton  R.  Heath. 
County  Commissioners,  John  Ryan,  James  Coyle, 

L.  C.  Gibbs. 
Stenographers,  James  H.  Emery  and  Edward  II. 

Smith. 
Court  of  Common  Pleas,  Judges  R.  C.  Lemnion, 

L.  H.  Pike  and  D.  II.  Comniager. 
Inlirniarv  Directors,  George  W.  Reynolds,  George 

JMack  and  Thomas  O'Neill. 

THE  COURT-HOUSE. 

As  already  stated,  the  first  building  used  for 
a  Court-House  in  Lucas  County,  was  the 
School-House  on  Erie  Street,  between  Monroe 
and  Washington.  Here  Courts  continued  to 
be  held  for  about  a  j'ear,  when  accommoda- 
tions were  furnished  in  Daniels  &  Goettell's 
building,  Northwest  corner  of  Summit  and 
Monroe  Streets.  In  January,  1839,  a  proposi- 
tion by  Eichard  Mott,  to  lease  to  the  County  a 
building  on  the  Northeast  corner  of  Summit 
and  Cherrj'  Streets,  for  u.se  as  a  Court-House, 
was  accepted,  and  the  same  was  so  tised  until 
the  removal  of  the  County-seat  to  Maumee,  in 
1840.  In  August,  1838,  tiie  proprietors  of 
Oliver's  Addition  to  Toledo  having  set  apart 
grounds,  to  be  known  as  "  Court  -  House 
Square,"  on  Broadway,  and  about  511  rods  West 
of  the  site  of  the  present  Oliver  House,  steps 
were  taken  for  the  erection  of  County  build- 
ings thereon.  The  proprietors  of  Toledo  had 
agi-eed  to  contribute  820,000  for  that  purpose. 
The  plan  adopted  for  the  Court-House,  was 
that  of  the  Ashtabula  building.  William  P. 
Daniels  was  appointed  Superintendent  of  the 
work,  which  had  progressed  so  far  as  to  provide 
the  foundation  for  the  Court-House,  when,  in 
view  of  the  probability  of  the  removal  of  the 
County-seat  to  Maumee,  operations  were  sus- 
pended in   Februarj-,  1889. 

In  June,  1840,  Maumee  became  tlie  Seat  of 
Justice  of  the  C'ounty,  through  the  decision  of 
Commissioners  selected  bj'  tiie  Legislature  to 
review  and  relocate  the  same.  Temporary 
accommodations  were  furnished  for  the  Courts 
and  County  offices  at  Maumee.  June  17,  1840, 
the  proposals  of  John  E.  Hunt,  Horace  Waite 
and  Thomas  Clark  2d,  for  the  erection  of 
County  buildings  at  Maumee,  were   accepted. 


Octobers,  1841,  the  Gourt-Houso  so  furnished, 
was  accepted  by  the  County  Commissioners, 
and  an  apjjrojjriation  of  $8,735  made  toward 
tiio  cost  of  the  same.  This  building  was  in  use 
until  the  removal  of  the  County-seat  back  to 
Toledo  under  the  vote  in  October,  1852.  The 
Maumee  building  having  been  furnished  largely 
through  contributions  made  by  residents  of 
that  Town,  they,  upon  the  removal  of  the 
County-seat  to  Toledo,  asked  for  a  return  to 
them  of  the  several  sums  thus  paid.  The 
County  Commissioners,  under  legal  advice,  in- 
cluding that  of  the  Attorney-Cieneral  of  Ohio, 
decided  to  comply  with  such  i'e(|uest,  to  the 
extent  of  89,205.  That  sum  was  paid  in  the 
amounts  stated, to  the  following  named  pei-sons  : 
To  Dr.  Oscar  White,  ilOO ;  James  Wolcotl, 
1100;  J.  E.  Hunt,S3,(K)0;  George  Richardson, 
1100;  J.  H.  Bronson,  .1?10();  Wm.  St.  Clair, 
SlOO;  John  Hale,  §5(1;  James  W.Converse, 
150  ;  Young  ct  Waite,  S259.41  ;  Thos  Clark  2d, 
S552.58;  Andrew  Young, §100;  A.H.  Ewing's 
Estate,  $2,000  ;  D.  F.  Cook,  S201  ;  George  B. 
Knaggs,  $100  ;  James  H.  Forsyth,  $40  ;  E.  A. 
Forsyth,  $500  ;  Horatio  Conant,  $132  ;  Horace 
Waite,  $250;  C.  C.  P.  Hunt,  $100  ;  Isaac  Hull, 
$250  ;  Samuel  Wagner,  $25.  Tiiis  list  is  of  in- 
terest, as  showing  who  were  the  enterprising 
citizens,  to  whom  Maumee  was  largely  indel)ted 
for  the  County-seat  for  12  years.  'Plu^  build- 
ing in  question  yet  occupies  a  iirominent  posi- 
tion in  Maumee. 

A  condition  precedent  to  the  removal  of  the 
County-seat  to  Toledo  from  Maumee  in  1852, 
was  made  the  provision  by  the  former  of  cer- 
tain accommodations  for  a  t!ourt-House  and 
Jail.  To  secure  fulfillment  of  such  condition, 
a  bond,  in  the  sum  of  $20,000,  was  required. 
This  was  given  jointly  by  the  City  and  28 
citizens  of  the  County,  as  follows ;  H.  D. 
Mason,  Matt.  Johnson,  Wm.  Baker,  Ezra  Bliss, 
J.  H.  Whitaker,  T.  H.  Hough,  S.  Linsley, 
Thos.  Watkins,  jr.,  Geo.  W.  Scott,  Hez.  L. 
Hosmer,  V.  H.  Ketcham,  James  Myers,  C.  A. 
King,  Valentine  Wall,  John  P.  Freeman,  L.  T. 
Thayer,  Simeon  Fitch,  jr.,  Daniel  Segur,  Daniel 
McBain,  Sanford  L.  Collins.  C.  W.Hill,  John 
U.  Pease,  James  White,  H.  D.  Warren,  1).  O. 
Morton,  Edson  Allen,  Ira.  L.  Clark. 

For  temporary  purposes,  and  contingent 
upon  the  removal  of  the  County-seat  to  Toledo, 
by  the  vote  in  October,  1852,  the  City  leased  of 
Silas  J.  Duell,  for  two  years,  the  building  on 
Summit  street,  between  Cherry  and  Walnut, 
known  as  "  Duell  Block,"  including  a  room 
then  known  as  '-Duell  Hall,"  and  eight  other 
rooms;  the  rent  for  all  which  to  be  $700  per 
annum. 

The  County-seat  ([uestion  of  1852  over- 
shadowed even  the  Presidential  campaign  in 
Lucas  County,  involving  an  intense  degree  of 
bitterness  between  the  competing  points — 
Toledo  and  Maumee — and  calling  out  a  vote  at 
those  places,  unprecedented.     The  intensity  of 


3fi8 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


feeling  between  the  rival  interests,  is  shown  in 
the  voles  cast,  especially  at  Toledo  and  Maii- 
mee,  the  competing  points.  Below  is  given 
the  vote  on  that  question  in  1852  ;  and  also,  the 
vote  at  the  State  election  two  years  later 
(1854),  to  wit: 


Toledo— First  Ward 

"       Second  Ward 

"       Third  Ward 

"       l-'oiirtii  Ward 

Port  Lawrence  Township. 
Maumee— First  Ward 

'*  Second  Ward.. 

Tliird  Ward.  .. 

Waynesfield  Townsliip... 

Oregon .. 

Blanliattau 

Wasliinglon 

Spriug"tield 

M'aterville _ 

Providence 

Swanlon 

Spencer... 

Monclova 

Eiclifleld 

Sylvania 


Totals.... 
Majorities. 


Banoval. 


res.     No.     Total 


283 

207 

496 

65() 

21 

I 

1 

'""3 
136 

93 
153 

12 


2180 
?34 


11 
1 
1 
470 
34 
70 
45 
135 


126 
154 
90 
58 
48 


3 

1452 


283 

273 

507 

557 

22 

477 

35 

70 

48 

270 

95 

155 

138 

162 

90 

68 

55 


138 
3638 


]olc  1854. 


Dem.    Rep.    Total 


47 
44 
88 
205 
22 
75 
21 
14 
5 
8 
22 
38 
36 
68 
22 
7 
6 
24 
18 
15 


148 

212 

169 

217 

4 

125 

13 

19 

7 

97 
57 

76 
78 
30 
25 
46 
45 
GO 
98 


1599 
804 


195 
256 
267 
422 
26 
200 
34 
33 
12 
115 
79 
115 
112 
126 
52 
32 
62 
69 
78 
113 


2394 


The  effect  of  a  County-seat  question  in  swell- 
ing a  popular  vote,  is  seen  in  the  fact,  that  the 
vote  in  1852  (3,638)  was  greater  by  1,244,  or 
more  than  50  per  cent.,  than  was  that  at  the 
exciting  election  two  years  later  (1854),  when 
it  was  but  2,394. 

In  accordance  with  the  conditions  under 
which  the  vote  on  removal  was  taken,  and  the 
County-seat  returned  to  Toledo,  a  Court-House 
was  erected  on  Adams  street,  being  the  struc- 
ture now  (1887)  in  use,  which  has  been  ex- 
tended by  several  different  additions. 

The  matter  of  construction  of  a  new  Court- 
House  has  repeatedly  been  discussed,  and  in 
1886,  authority  was  obtained  from  the  Legisla- 
ture, under  which  the  County  Commissioners 
were  expected  to  expend  1500,000  for  such  pur- 
Ijose.  So  vigorous  was  the  opposition  to  such 
action,  however,  that,  through  judicial  inter- 
position it  was  prevented,  after  plans  for  the 
proposed  building  had  been  prepared  under 
direction  of  the  Commissioners. 

THE  COUNTY  JAIL. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  County  Commissioners 
held  June  4,  1837,  the  dwelling  hou.se  of  the 
Sheriff  (C.  G.  Shaw)  was  declared  to  be  the 
Jail  of  Lucas  County,  for  the  confinement  of 
prisoners  under  the  law.  At  the  same  time  it 
was  resolved  to  invite  proposals  for  building  in 
Toledo  a  Jail,  20x30  teet  in  size;  one  story 
high  ;  with  an  entry  or  hall  six  feet  wide,  and 
three  cells,  each  10x14  feet.  Also,  to  receive 
propo.sals  for  a  Jail  as  proposed  by  the  Toledo 
Council,  toward  which  that  City  was  to  pay 
$300.     January  6,  1838,  the  proposals  of  Albert 


Swift,  to  build  a  jail  on  the  plan  proposed,  were 
accepted.  The  timber  was  to  be  12  inches 
square  ;  the  whole  to  be  planked  around  on  the 
outside  with  plank  two  inches  thick,  the  build- 
ing to  be  complete  except  the  locks.  It  was 
to  be  owned  jointly  by  the  County  and  the 
City  of  Toledo,  the  latter  pajing  one-half  the 
cost.  C.  G.  Shaw  was  appointed  to  superin- 
tend the  work.  This  building  (the  walls 
wholly  of  logs)  was  built  between  Summit  and 
Superior  Streets,  below  and  near  to  Cherry 
Street.  It  was  used  as  a  Jail,  until  the  re- 
moval of  the  County-seat  to  Maumee,  in  1840. 
In  1855  it  was  purchased  by  Scott  &  Co.  (S.  B. 
Scott  and  Richard  Mott)  for  the  sum  of  $2.50, 
taken  down  and  reconstructed  for  use  as  an 
office,  on  Water  sti'eet,  in  connection  with  their 
Forwarding  and  Commission  business.  At  the 
same  time,  they  gave  it  a  new  roof,  stuccoed 
its  walls,  and  otherwise  improved  it.  In  1860, 
H.  B.  Hall  &  Co.,  upon  removing  their  Saw- 
Mill  to  that  locality,  from  the  East  side  of  the 
Eiver,  adopted  the  old  Jail  for  an  office  ;  and 
since  that  time,  by  David  Smith  and  William 
H.  H.  Smith  &  Co.,  it  has  been  in  like  use. 

The  building  which  constituted  the  first  resi- 
dence of  the  Sheriff  of  Lucas  County  (Munson 
H.  Daniels),  j^et  stands  on  the  North  side  of 
Ostrich  Lane  (located  between  St.  Clair  and 
Superior  Streets),  the  building  being  about 
midway  between  Cherry  and  Orange  Streets. 
It  is  a  low,  one-story  frame  structure,  about 
12x24  feet  in  size;  and  stands  about  as  it  did 
50  years  ago,  with  much  of  the  window-glass 
and  other  parts  originally  furnished. 

The  Grand  Jurj'  for  the  July  term  of  Lucas 
Common  Pleas,  1852,  consisted  of  Freeborn 
Potter,  Louis  Lambert,  E.  Williams,  Hiram 
Hubbard,  John  P.  Lewis,  John  Vanfleet,  Samuel 
Wagner,  Stephen  Porter,  Geo.  Emyel,  Chauu- 
cey^Merrills,  Ezra  Holt,  Wm.  Pierce,  J.  Wynn, 
J.  G.  Klinck,  A.  Spaulding.  This  Juiy  made 
a  report  on  the  County  Jail  (then  at  Maumee), 
which  they  found  in  good  condition,  with  ex- 
ceptions named.  During  the  previous  year 
much  jjains  had  been  taken  for  putting  the 
prison  in  condition  "  to  secure  it  from  the  at- 
tacks of  exasperated  and  determinated  pris- 
oners, who,  in  theii'  efforts  to  escape,  had  un- 
hinged the  lower  cell-doors  and  were  using 
them  as  battering-rams  to  effect  an  egress," 
when  discovered  and  stoi)])ed,  which  doors 
had  not  been  replaced.  Among  the  prisoners 
then. in  Jail  was  a  boy  about  10  years  of  age, 
and  several  others  of  like  age  had  previouslj^ 
been  confined  there.  Such  association  of  chil- 
dren among  hardened  criminals,  was  properly 
protested  against  by  the  Jurj',  who  recom- 
mended the  provision  of  a  House  of  Refuge  for 
offending  minors.  Several  aged  men  were 
found  in  Jail,  on  the  charge  of  abusing  their 
wives  while  drunk.  "It  is  our  opinion,"  state 
the  Jury,  "  that  the  present  laws  do  not  meet 
suiHciently    the  exigency    in  I'elation    to    the 


POLITICAL  PARTIES  AND  ELECTIONS.  3,.g 


liquor   traffic— that    liquor    i.s  llio  cause  of  at  On    tlio    r,>tiii-n    «f    fK„  ^     c    •     ,• 


CHAPTEK    VI. 


TOLEDO  8    STAKT    AND    TEOGKESS. 


UNDER  the  treaty  of  Greenville,  concluded 
August  3,  1795,  l(i  reservations  of  lands 
were  made  to  the  United  States  from  the  vast 
domain  up  to  that  time    held  by  the  Indians, 
and  then  confirmed  to  them.     Of  these  reserva- 
tions,   was   one   of  12    miles   .square   "at   the 
British  Fort  on  the  Miami  of  the  Lake   at  the 
Foot  of  the    Eapids."     The  tract  included  the 
mouth  of  Swan    Creek,  and  a  portion  of  the 
present  site  of  Toledo.     Under  an  act  of  Con- 
gress, these  lands  were  surveyed  and   sold  at 
public   auction    in    February,    1817,   the    sale 
taking  place  at  Wooster,  Ohio.     Two   compa- 
nies of  capitalists  were  organized  for  the  j)ur- 
pose  of  buying  lands  at  that  sale.     One  of  them 
— known  as  the  "  Baum  Company  " — was  com- 
posed   of  Martin    Baum,   Jesse   Hunt,   Jacob 
Burnet,    Wm.    C.  Schenck,   Win.   Barr,    Wm. 
Oliver  and  Andrew  Mack  ;  and  the  other,  the 
"Piatt  Company,"  consisted  of  John  H.  Piatt, 
Eobert  Piatt,  Wm.  M.  Worthington  and  Gor- 
ham    A.    JSforth.     Both    of    these    associations 
were   represented   at    the  Wooster    sale  — the 
former  by  Wm.  Oliver  and  Wm.  C.  Schenck, 
and  the  latter  by  Robert  Piatt.     It  was  there 
found    that  both  Companies  were  seeking  to 
purchase  the  lands  about  the  mouth  of  Swan 
Creek.     In  order  to  avoid  competition  in  bid- 
ding, the  two  interests  agreed  to    purchase    in 
common    tracts  1,  2,  3  and  4,  in    the    United 
States  Reserve  at  the  foot  of  the  Rapids  of  the 
Miami;  and  also  Nos.  86  and  87,  on  the  oppo- 
site side  of  the  River,  opposite  the  mouth  of 
Swan  Creek  ;  each  Company  to  have  one-half 
interest  in  the  same,  paying  equally  therefor. 
Nos.  86  and  87  were  bid  off  bj'  Oliver,  and  the 
certificate  was  issued  in  his  name;  the  other 
tracts  going  to  Piatt  and  his  associates.     The 
purchase  amounted  to  974  acres — 200  at  $75.50 
per  acre;  201  at  S20.75;  154  at  $5.25;  181  at 
$2.75;    143   at  $2.35;  and    93,    at   $2.13;    the 
average  being  $48.12^  per  acre.     By  the  terms 
of  the  sale,  a  credit  of  40  days  was  given  on  the 
.  first  ijayment  of  25  per  cent.;  the  balance  being 
f)ayable  in  three  equal  annual  amounts.     Piatt 
also,  for  his  Company,  purchased    the    North- 
west and  Southwest  Sections  of  Township  3; 
and  the  Nortliwest,  Southwest  and  Southeast 
quarters  of  Section  3,  same  Township.    Return- 
ing to  Cincinnati,  the  Companies  were  united 
under  the  name  of  the   Port  Lawrence  Com- 
pany, which  at  once  took  steps  for  laying  out  a 
Town,  to   be   called    Port  Lawrence,  and  ap- 

[3' 


pointed  Baum  as  agent  for  that  purpose,  for  the 
sale  of  lots,  and  for  the  general  management  of 
the  property.  August  14, 1817,  Baum  appointed 
Oliver  as  his  Attornej',  to  attend  to  the  sale  of 
lots,  who,  with  Schenck,  was  authorized  to  lay 
out  the  Town.  In  Baum's  letter  of  instruction 
to  Oliver  (August  14,  1817),  he  said,  among 
other  things  : 

In  running  the  Streets  and  the  division  of  lots,  it 
is  not  the  wish  of  the  proprietors  that  interest  or 
convenience  should  be  sacrificed  to  form  ;  that  the 
growth  of  the  place  should  be  retarded  by  a  useless 
adherence  to  anj'  particular  figure,  or  to  any  fanciful 
uniformity  of  squares. 

The  number  of  lots  was  to  be  from  300  to 
500  ;  and  with  the  exception  of  water  lots  and 
fractionals,  about  60x12(1  feet  in  size.  "  The 
principal  or  central  Street  should  be  at  least 
160  feet  wide;  others  from  80  to  100;  and 
Alleys  12  to  15  feet.  Let  there  be  three  lots, 
each  120  feet  square,  set  off  for  public  uses, 
Churches,  Schools,  &c ;  and  one,  240  feet 
square,  for  Court-House  and  Jail.  There 
should  be  one  or  two  suitable  lots  out  of  the 
Town  for  burying  grounds." 

The  plat  laid  out,  a  public  sale  of  the  lots 
was  to  be  provided  for,  "  which,  if  practicable, 
should  correspond  with  the  time  of  holding  the 
treaty  with  the  Indians,"  to  be  held  at  Fort 
Meigs,  the  month  following.  The  agents  pro- 
ceeded to  lay  out  the  Town,  when  a  sale  was 
advertised,  to  take  place  September  20,  1817, 
on  these  terms : 

One-fourth  down  ;  the  balance  in  three  equal  an- 
nual installments,  with  interest  from  date  of  pur- 
chase, if  not  promptly  paid ;  and  if  the  whole 
amount  of  purchase  money  be  not  paid  when  the 
last  installment  becomes  due,  the  lots  purcha.sed  to 
revert  to  the  proprietors  of  Port  Lawrence.  The 
undersigned  reserve  the  right  to  one  bid  on 
each  lot  offered.  Signed,  W.  C.  .Schenck,  Wm. 
Oliver.  Agents,  and  dated  Miami  Rapids,  September 
20,1.^17. 

At  that  sale  79  lots  were  sold,  of  which  two 
(Nos.  223  and  224)  were  purchased  bj-  Oliver, 
on  which,  in  connection  with  Baum,  he  subse- 
quently erected  a  warehouse  and  made  other 
improvements.  The  house  was  of  logs,  and  was 
located  near  the  mouth  and  on  the  North  side 
of  Swan  Creek.  The  cash  proceeds  of  the  sales 
then  made  amounted  to  $855.33.  Among  the 
purchasers  were  Samuel  H.  Ewing,  Aurora 
^0] 


I 


TOLEDO    IN    ISOO. 


TOLEDO    IN    1846. 


TOLEDO'S  START  AND  PROGRESS. 


371 


Spaflford,  Senocji  Allen,  John  K.  Hunt,  Robert 
A.  Fors3'th,  Ahnon  Ueed  and  Truman  Reed,  of 
"  Maumee  Eapids  ;  "  B.  P.  Stickney,  of  Fort 
Wayne,  Ind.;  Ilcnr^'I.  Hunt  and  Mary  L.  Hunt, 
of  Detroit ;  Moses  Wilson,  of  Huron  County, 
Ohio;  and  Austin  E.  Wing,  of  Monroe,  i[ieh. 
In  a  letter  written  in  1870  to  David  K.  Merrill, 
Toledo,  Benjamin  Eatlihun,thon  proprietor  of 
the  Broadway  Hotel,  Now  York,  but  formerly 
tiie  most  prominent  business  man  of  Buffalo, 
made  reference  to  his  knowledge  of  Toledo  real 
estate.     He  said  : 

I  was  once  where  Toledo  now  is.  It  was  in  tlic 
Spring  of  1817,  while  a  portion  of  it  was  being  sur- 
veyed for  Village  lots.  I  then  took  up  the  tir.st  lot 
ever  solil  in  Toledo  as  a  Village  lot.  The  title  of  the 
Company  failing  for  non-payment  of  their  purchase, 
of  course,  I  lost  my  lot.  I  have  never  been  at  Toledo 
since  I  left  in  August,  1S18.  At  that  time  there  was 
not  a  dwelling  house  there.  A  man  by  the  name  of 
Henderson  huilt  a  log  and  stone  house  on  the  hank 
and  partly  over  the  water,  just  below  the  mouth  of 
what  was  then  known  as  Swan  Creek ;  and  there 
was  a  French  cabin  on  the  "  flats,"  near  Swan  Creek, 
for  the  Indians  to  get  rum  in.  These  were  all  the 
buildings  Toledo  could  boast  of  in  1818.  My  own 
family  (consisting  of  Mrs.  Rathbun  and  one  son),  and 
Major  Keeler's  family,  occupied  Henderson's  log  and 
stone  warehouse  while  we  were  there. 

From  this  it  would  apj^ear  that  Mr.  Rath- 
bun  made  Port  Lawrence  his  home  from  the 
Spring  of  1817,  until  August,  1818.  Most  of  the 
purchasers  of  lots  alterwards  compromised 
their  claims  against  the  proprietors.  Mr. 
Wing,  as  elsewhere  shown,  took  a  lot  in  the 
second  Port  Lawrence  (1833). 

When  the  second  payment  became  due  to  the 
Government  in  1818,  the  Port  Lawrence  Com- 
pany defaulted,  and  thus  practically  surren- 
dered the  entire  property,  with  improvements 
made.  In  1821,  the  Government  meantime 
having  reduced  the  price  of  its  lands  from 
§2.00  on  time  payments,  to  SI. 25  cash  down, 
the  Port  Lawrence  Company,  unable  or  indis- 
posed to  fia}'  a  balance  of  some  $20,000  for 
tracts  1  and  2,  asked  Congress  to  take  the  same 
back,  and  apply  the  payments  already  made 
to  the  full  jiayment  of  the  other  tracts  j)ur- 
chased  by  them  and  the  Baum  and  Piatt  Com- 
panies, respectively.  With  this  view,  the 
several  interests  in  all  the  lands  then  purchased 
were  assigned  to  Baum,  who  appointed  Wil- 
liams as  his  agent.  September  27, 1821,author- 
itj'  therefor  having  been  granted  by  Congress, 
Williams  relinquished  tracts  1  and  2,  on  which 
S4,817.55  had  been  paid.  Of  this  sum  81,372.34 
was  applied  as  full  payment  for  tracts  3,  4,  80 
and  87,  leaving  $3,445.21.  Of  this,  one-half 
belonged  to  the  Piatt  Company,  and  $1,248 
having  been  a]iplied  to  relieve  its  live  quarter- 
sections,  the  Piatt  Company  still  had  a  balance 
of  $474.60  as  its  due,  but  which  was  applied  to 
the  payment  of  lands  of  the  Baum  Companj-. 
In  August,  1823,  Oliver  made  out  a  claim 
against  the  Port  Lawrence  Company,  amount. 


ing  to  $1,835.47,  for  money  paid  lo  former  i)ur- 
ehasers  ($213.02),  and  services  as  Agent,  which 
Baum  approved,  and  as  security,  gave  Oliver  a 
nu)rtgage  on  tracts  3,  4,  8(!  and  H7,  payable 
January  1,  1824.  In  October,  1825,  Oliver 
proceeded  in  a  Michigan  Court  to  sell  the 
])roperty  under  this  mortgage,  and  the  same 
was  sold,  by  order  of  Coui-t,  September  1,  1S28, 
to  Oliver,  for  $618. 5(i.  Meantime,  three  of  the 
five  ([uartcr-sections  belonging  to  the  Piatt 
Comj)any  bad  been  sold  by  order  of  Court,  at 
Oliver's  instance,  Charles  Noble  being  the  ])ur- 
chaser,  at  $241. liO,  who  soon  tbei-eafter  con- 
veyed the  property  to  Oliver.  Thus  Oliver 
came  into  possession  of  tracts  3,  4,  8(!  and  87,  and 
three  quarter-sectionsof  the  lands.  In  Decem- 
ber, 1828,  Baum,  without  consultation  with  hi.s 
associates,  transferred  to  Oliver  the  Govern- 
ment certificates  of  tracts  3,  4,  80  and  87.  May 
20,  1820,  Congress  authorized  the  selection  of 
a  certain  amount  of  lands  for  the  benefit  of  the 
Univei'sity  of  Michigan,  when  Sections  1  and  2, 
relinquished  by  the  Port  Lawrence  Company', 
were  selected.  Whereupon,  Oliver,  acting  as 
the  Agent  of  that  Com])anj',  proposed  that  said 
tracts  be  exchanged  by  the  University  for  a 
portion  of  the  lands  to  which  he  had  obtained 
title  through  Baum  and  the  Michigan  Court. 
Such  arrangement  having  been  made,  Congi'ess 
authorized  the  exchange,  when  Oliver  took  the 
title  to  tracts  1  ami  2  in  his  own  name.  This 
done,  Baum  and  Williams  each  obtained  one- 
third  interest  in  tracts  1,2,80  and  87;  and 
upon  Baum's  death  (1832),  Oliver  purchased 
his  interest  of  the  heirs ;  and  subsequentl}' 
sold  portions  of  other  tracts  to  Prentice  and 
Tromley.  Afterwards,  Oliver  purchased  of  the 
University  the  tracts  conveyed  in  exchange 
for  1  and  2. 

PORT  LAWRENCE  RESURRECTED. 

These  arrangements  consummated,  steps 
were  taken  toward  the  resurrection  of  the 
Town  of  Port  Lawrence.  A  new  plat  was  pre- 
pared, of  which  record  was  made  in  Monroe 
County,  Michigan,  as  follows  : 

The  Territory  of  Michig.vn,  \  o 
County  OF  Monroe.  J 

Before  me,  the  subscriber,  an  acting  Justice  of  the 
Peace  in  and  for  the  County  of  Monroe,  aforesaid, 
personally  appeared  Stephen  B.  Coni.stock,  author- 
ized agent  of  \Vm.  Oliver,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  who  in 
behalf  of  the. said  Oliver,  acknowledged  the  within 
to  he  a  correct  plat  and  de.-^crijit ion  <if  all  lots  num- 
bered in  numerical  (U-der,  which  are  intended  for 
sale  in  the  Town  plat  of  Port  Lawrence,  in  theCouiity 
of  Monroe,  aforesaid,  ami  of  the  public  grounds  in- 
tended to  be  given  for  the  uses  and  purposes  therein 
exju'essed,  in  said  Town,  in  conformity  to  the  act 
entitled,  "An  act  to  jirovide  for  the  reconhng  nf 
Town  plats  anil  foi  other  pm-iioses,"  approved  April 
12,  18L'7. 

In  testimony  whereof,  1  have  hereunto  set  my 
hand  and  seal," at  Port  Lawrence,  on  the  20th  day  of 
December,  A.  D.  1832. 

John  1'.\ldwin,  Justice  of  the  Peace. 


372 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


The  phit  thus  recorded,  is  as  follows: 


HURON         MARKET  SPACL 


ST. 

IC- 

a:; 

As  seen,  the  initial  of  Toledo  was  made  about 
the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek,  and  in  extent  cov- 
ered the  territory,  Bast  and  West,  from  Jeffer- 
son to  Washington  Street ;  and  North  and 
South,  fi-om  what  is  now  Superior  Street  to  the 
River — Erie  then  occupying  the  place  of  what 
is  S'limmit,  Ontario  that  of  St.  Clair,  and  Huron 
that  of  Superior;  Water  Street  having  been 
subsequently'  made  by  filling  along  the  Eiver. 

The  first  sale  was  made  July  13,  1833,  being 
lot  No.  11  (Gower's  map),  40  feet,  Noi'th  side 
Summit  street,  near  Monroe,  and  next  to  cor- 
ner. The  price  was  125,  and  the  purchaser  John 
Baldwin,  afterwards  a  leading  merchant  and 
one  of  the  first  Associate  Judges  of  the  County. 
The  sale  was  tor  cash  down,  and  was  among 
very  few  sales  made  on  such  terms.  In  several 
instances,  sales  were  conditioned  that  improve- 
ments, by  the  erection  of  buildings,  should  be 
made  by  the  purchasers.  Thus,"  one  was  to 
erect  "  a  good  building,  18x24  feet,  to  be 
painted  ;"  another  "  a  good  two-story  house;" 
and  another  "two  good  houses,  and  paint 
white."  S.  B.  Comstock  acted  as  Agent  of  the 
Xiropi'ietors  from  July,  1833,  to  Julj%"l834  ;  and 
Andrew  Palmer  from  July,  1834,  to  July,  1836, 
when  the  property  was  divided  among  the 
several  owners.  The  following  list  of  the  first 
sales,  with  dates,  prices  and  names  of  pur- 
chasers, will  siiow  who  first  indicated  their  con- 
fidence in  the  then  future  of  that  portion  of 
Toledo  : 

John  Baldwin,  July,  1833,  lot  11  ;  $25. 
Philo  Bennett,  February,  1834,  lots  17,  18,  23,  24 : 
$250. 


Coleman  I.  Keeler,  Februarv,  1834,  lots  33,  34,  40  ; 
$50. 

John  Baldwin,  same  date,  lot  8  :  $200. 

Abram  Ritter,  same  date,  lot  4(i ;  $125. 

George  Bennett,  same  date,  lots  22,  51 ;  .$75. 

Henry  W.  Goettell,  April,  1834,  i^'  of  lot  12;  $100. 

Augustus  Burdenois,  same  date,  lots  67,  OS,  272 ; 
$250. 

W.  J.  Daniels,  May,  1834,  6  feet  of  lot  10 ;  $25. 

C.  I.  Keeler,  June",  1834,  lot  40  and  20  feet  of  42 ; 
$200. 

Wm.  Fos.sey,  June,  1834,  lots  278,  279  ;  $200. 

AV.  J.  Daniels  &  Co.,  June,  1834,  lots  88,  80  and 
406,  407 ;  $70. 

W.J.  Daniels,  June,  1834,  lot  19;  $50. 

Piatt  Card,  June,  1834,  lots  127,  129,  140,  16,  27, 
28,  210,  242,  267,  146,  147,  77,  164,  233,  290,  274,  292, 
21  ;  $8,1(10. 

G.  W.  Rhodes,  June,  1834,  lot  43  ;  $100. 

William  Ritter,  June,  1834.  lot  222;  $25. 

Calvin  Comstock,  June,  1834.  lots  83,84 ;  $200. 

Richard  Foster,  June,  1834,  lot  273  ;  $30. 

George  Simpson,  June,  1834,  lots  81,  82  ;  $50. 

Job  Brandet,  July,  1834,  lots  412,  413,  414  (120  feet 
above  and  adjoining  Madison  Street);  $2,400. 

T.  &S.  Darhngton,  July,  1834,  lots  219,  226,  329; 
$3,000. 

Piatt  Card,  Julv,  1834,  lot  334;  $100. 

Michael  Conner,  July.  1834,  lot  230;  $150. 

Austin  Wing,*  July,  1834,  lot  45;  $— . 

Piatt  A  Miller,  Julv,  1834,  lot  4;  $100. 

Levi  S.  Humphrev^  Julv,  18.34,  lot  3 ;  $.50. 

Ed.  Bissell,  July.  "1834,  "lot  117  ;  $200. 

David  B.  Muoney,  June,  1835,  lots  35,  36 ;  $600. 

C.  1.  Keeler,  June,  1835,  lots  37,  38,  39  ;  $600. 

James  Rawles,  June,  1835,  lots  139,  130,  12(5,  124, 


*  Entry  to  this  record  :  "  Disposed  of  to  ]Mr.  Wing 
by  William  Oliver,  previous  to  any  sale  of  undivided 
interest  in  the  plat,  as  a  compromise  for  an  old  claim 
to  a  lot  which  Wing  purchased  in  1817,  the  certificate 
being  lost  by  Wing.'*^ 


TOLEDO'S  START  AND  PROGRESS. 


nr:! 


122,  Summit  Street ;  and  244,  2Gfi,  205,  Monroe;  $?,,iOO. 

Stephen  Thorne,  June,  ISli');  lots  127,   129;  $101). 

Baxter  Bowman,  June,  1835,  50x120  feet  corner 
Washington  and  Swan  Streets;  $:U)0. 

Jaeob  Clark  and  Philo  Bennett,  June,  1,S:15;  lots 
151,  153,  141  ;  |1,:!00. 

Oliver  Ilartwell,  June,  1835,  lots  28,  140;  $1,500. 

Abijah  Noyes,  June,  1S35,  lots  53.  71  ;  ^(iOO. 

Philander  Ka3-mond,  June,  1835,  lots  135,  K'fi; 
$1,000. 

Daniel  McBain,  June,  1834,  lot  7  ;  SI, 800. 

For  about  two  j-ears  the  Port  Lawrence 
property  was  managed  as  a  whole  for  the  pro- 
prietors, by  an  agent,  S.  B.  Comstock  and  An- 
drew Palmer,  successively,  acting  in  that  ca- 
pacity. All  .sales  prior  to  Julj^  1,  1835,  were 
made  in  that  way.  At  that  time  the  proprie- 
tors became  satisfied  that  it  would  bo  better 
for  them  and  for  the  Town  if  the  property 
should  be  divided  among  them,  that  each  might 
have  his  distinct  interest  to  look  atter.  To 
this  end,  a  meetintc  of  the  owners  was  held  at 
"the  Village  of  Toledo,"  .luly  1-4,  1835,  at 
which  were  present — Wm.  Oliver,  for  himself 
and  f(3r  Micajah  T.  Williams,  Philander  Jiay- 
mond  and  Clias.  W.  Lynde;  Isaac  S.  Smith  for 
himself  and  for  John  B.  Maey,  lliram  Pratt 
and  Wm.  F.  Porter  Taj- lor;  and  Edward  Bis- 
sell,  Andrew  Palmer  and  Stephen  B.  Comstock 
for  themselves,  respectively.  It  was  voted  that 
Wm.  Oliver,  who  then  held  the  legal  title  to 
the  land,  be  authorized,  as  soon  as  the  Village 
of  Toledo  should  be  incorporated,  to  convey  to 
the  same  Village  lots  319  and  198,  for  Public 
School  purposes.  Lots  366  and  175  were  set 
apart  for  the  two  Religious  Societies,  which 
should  tirst  complete  houses  of  worship  there- 
on. Land  to  the  amount  of  5  acres  was  voted 
for  Cemetery  purposes,  not  to  be  nearer  than 
three-fourths  of  a  mile  to  the  mouth  of  Swan 
Creek.  Lot  335  was  voted  to  Mrs.  Harriet 
Daniels,  wife  of  Munson  H.  Daniels,  ''  as  a 
complimentary  present,  on  ihe  occasion  of  hers 
being  the  first  marriage  at  Toledo."  Lot  215 
was  voted  as  a  present  to  Mrs.  'Vance.  Lots 
163,  162,  119,  120,  121,  109,  110,  and  111  were 
set  apart  for  a  Hotel,  to  be  built  by  the  joint 
proportionate  contribution  ot  the  proprietors ; 
the  grading  for  the  Hotel  to  be  done  by  the 
proprietors  of  the  same,  who  were  to  have  a 
deed  of  the  lots  when  they  had  expt^nded  $10,- 
000,  and  to  own  the  dock  in  front  of  the  lots 
deeded.  These  lots  are  on  the  East  side  of 
Adams  street,  including  tiie  site  of  the  Ketch- 
am  and  Ncaring  Block  (189-199  Sumniit),  and 
extending  same  width  to  the  Eiver,  W'ater 
street  having  since  been  made.  The  property 
was  never  used  for  the  purpose  named. 

Lois  equivalent  to  2-l(Jths  of  the  whole  were 
assigned  to  S,  B.  ('omstock,  vvhen  the  entire 
remaining  property  was  divided  into  16  parts 
of  aljout  equal  value,  and  16  tickets,  corres- 
ponding to  such  numbers  were  placed  in  a  hat, 
and  Two  Stickney,  the  second  son  of  B.  K. 
Stickney,  took  them  out,  one  at  a  time,  and 


delivered  them  to  the  partioB  in  the  following 
order:  To  Wm.  Olivci-,  the  first  five  tickets, 
he  owning  5-16ths  of  the  [ilat;  M.T.  Williams, 
four  tickets;  I.  S.  Smith,  J.  B.  Macy,  iliram 
Pratt  and  W.  F.  P.  Taylor,  each  one  ticket; 
then  Edward  Bissell,  Andrew  I'almer,  ami  the 
firm  of  Payinond  i*c  l^iymlo,  eacii  one  ticket. 
The  total  a])]iraiscd  value  ol  the  allotments  was 
then  842,265.50,  averaging  al)out  §2,SS((  for 
each  share.  The  division  thus  made,  the  first 
action  then  taken  toward  the  iin])rovement  of 
their  common  jiroperty,  consisted  of  a  vote, 
■'that  if  Wm.  Oliver  and  Andrew  Palmoi-  will 
put  into  meadow,  in  a  farming-like  manner,  the 
present  season,  about  4((  acres  of  the  Com])any's 
land,  now  cleared  near  Darlington's  Saw-mill 
[on  Swan  Creek  near  Huron  street],  they  shall 
have  possession  and  use  of  the  same  lor  farm- 
ing purposes  until  March,  1840."  Edward  His- 
.selland  Andrew  Palmer  were ajJiioinled  a  com- 
mittee to  prepare  a  ])lan  for  a  Hotel,  and  An- 
drew Palmer  was  constituted  the  agent  of  the 
proprietors.  At  this  same  session  (.hilv  4th), 
it  was  resolved,  "  that,  to  promote  the  general 
pios])erity  of  the  Town,  it  is  deemed  exjiedi- 
ent  to  subscribe  to  the  stock  of  the  Erie  and 
Kalamazoo  Railroad  Company  ;  ant!  it  is  liere- 
by  agreed,  that  every  proprietor  shall  take  and 
l^ay  for  $1,000  of  said  stock  for  eacli  Kith  of 
the  interest  which  he  holds  in  theoi'iginal  plat 
of  Port  Lawrence,  and  that  the  stock  so  taken 
shall  be  received  at  ])ar  from  S.  H.  Comstock, 
being  part  of  the  slock  which  he  has  already 
subscribed." 

During  the  years  1833-3(i  many  changes  had 
taken  phice  in  the  owTiersliip  of  the  Port  Law- 
rence property,  old  proprietors  going  out  and 
others  coming  in,  until  none  of  the  original 
parties  were  left.  Earl}-  in  the  latter  3-ear  it 
was  deemed  best  to  close  out  the  affairs  of  the 
Company  bj'  a  division  of  its  pro])erty  then 
held  in  common.  For  this  purpose  a  meeting 
was  held  Ma}'  17,  1836 -present,  Edward  Bis- 
sell and  Isaac  S.  Smith,  representing  30-(!4th  of 
the  ijroperty  ;  James  Myers  and  W.  P.  Daniels, 
each  representing  2-(!4ths ;  S.  B.  Comstock, 
6-(!4ths;  Daniel  CTreenvault,4-64tlis ;  Joshua  R. 
(xiddings  and  Richard  Mott,  3-()4ths  ;  and  Ash- 
bcl  Dart,  l-64th.  Ed.  J5issell  and  I.  S.  Smith, 
Committee,  reported  a  ]ilan  for  a  Hotel  on  lots 
119,  12(f  and  121,  which  was  apjiroved,  and  were 
authorized  to  proceed  to  the  erection  ol  the 
building  (>«'ortheast  corner  of  Adams  and  Sum- 
mit). The}-  were  also  authorized  to  ■' gnide 
the  Eastern  halfof  Adams  street,  from  the  Kiver 
to  St.  Clair  street,  in  front  of  the  Hotel  lots,  so 
that  the  surface  of  Summit  street  at  the  inler- 
.section  of  Adams  shall  be  23  feet  above  the 
level  of  the  River;  and  that  they  construct  a 
pier  in  front  of  the  Kast  half  of  Adams  and 
of  the  Hotel  lots."  W.  P.  Daniels,  Richard 
Mott  and  S.  B.  Comstock  were  appointed  a 
Committee  to  grade  Summit  street  Irom  the 
level  of  the  Hay  Scales  in  front  of  W.  J.  Dan- 


374 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


iels  &  Co.'s  store,  so  that  at  its  intersection 
with  Jefferson  street  it  shall  be  22  feet 
above  the  level  of  the  Eiver,  the  street  "  from 
the  Hay  Scales  to  Jetferson  to  be  horizontal," 
for  which  purpose  subscriptions  were  to  be 
obtained  from  individuals,  the  Port  Lawrence 
proprietors  to  make  good  aiij-  deficiency  in  the 
cost.  The  same  Committee  were  authorized 
to  "  open  and  grade  Monroe  street  at  both  ends, 
and  to  construct  culvertsor  sewers  in  the  same." 
It  was  understood,  in  fixing  elevations,  that 
"the  Ha}-  Scales  were  10  feet  above  the  Eiver." 
The  Hay  Scales  and  Store  referred  to  were 
located  on  the  North  side  of  Summit  street, 
between  Perry  and  Monroe,  adjoining  the  In- 
diana House,  which  cornered  with  Perr}-. 
The  contract  for  the  grading  was  let  to  a  man 
named  Hall,  an  Irishman,  who,  with  his  em- 
ployes, constituted  the  vanguard  of  the  large 
number  of  the  same  nationality  afterwards  so 
intimately  identified  with  like  improvements 
in  Toledo. 

A  meeting  of  the  proprietors  of  Port  Law- 
rence was  held  September  8-16,  1837;  present, 
William  Oliver,  M.  T.  Williams,  S.  B.  Corn- 
stock,  Ashbel  Dart,  Richard  Mott,  Henry  W. 
Hicks,  I.  S.  Smith,  W.  F.  P.  Taylor,  John  Fitch, 
Ed.  Bissoll.  Cemetery  grounds  were  set  apart 
on  the  North  side  of  Wisconsin  Street,  com- 
mencing 410  feet  West  from  23d  Street,  along 
Wisconsin  to  tiie  West  line  of  Port  Lawrence 
tract  No.  1  ;  thence  North  to  the  Northwest 
corner  of  said  tract ;  thence  East  on  said  tract 
line  to  a  point  410  feet  West  from  the  middle 
of  23d  Street;  and  thence  South  to  the  place  of 
beginning.  A  Bui'ying  Ground  was  started  on 
these  premises  and  a  few  corpses  interred 
there;  but  it  was  soon  abandoned.  Lots  484 
and  484^  were  given  to  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo 
Railroad  Company,  for  "  the  purjjoses  of  a  Car 
House,  &c.,  &e.,  conditioned  that  the  same  be 
not  used  for  any  other  than  the  legitimate  busi- 
ness of  said  Company  ;  and  that  said  Comj^any 
shall  have  the  necessary  fixtures  and  a  track 
from  the  main  track  to  said  lots,  through  Depot 
Street,  completed  within  18  months."  On  these 
lots  were  constructed  the  Machine  Shops  and 
Engine  House  used  by  the  Railroad  for  several 
years  and  until  the  removal  of  the  headquarters 
of  the  Michigan  Southern  &  Northern  Indiana 
Railroad  to  Adrian.  At  this  meeting  appraise- 
ment was  made  of  lots  as  designated  on  the 
map  prepared  by  Robert  Gower,  in  1837.  Some 
of  the  values,  as  thus  fixed,  were  as  (ollows: 
Lot  405,  corner  of  Madison  and  Huron,  S600  ; 
lot  489,  corner  Cherry  and  Superior,  §800  ;  lot 
713,  Washington  and  14th  Street,  S410  ;  lot  744, 
Southeast  corner  Cherry  and  Erie,  §180;  lot 
450,  Madison  and  Erie,  §000;  lots  114, 115,  116, 
Vine,  between  Water  and  Summit,  §3,000  each. 

The  total  amount  of  appraisement  of  440 
lots  in  the  plat,  in  September,  1837,  was 
§257,590,  being  an  average  of  §585  per  lot.  At 
this  time  a  second  division  was  made  by  lot,  of 


the  property  of  the  Company.  It  was  then  re- 
solved ''  that  it  is  expedient  to  complete  the 
Hotel  building,"  and  that  the  plan  be  so  modi- 
fied as  to  bring  the  cost,  in  addition  to  materials 
on  hand,  within  §10,000,  work  on  the  same  to 
be  commenced  in  the  Spring  of  1838.  Provi- 
sion was  then  for  the  first  time  made  for  ira- 
]iroving  the  cliannel  of  the  River  o]>posite  the 
Town,  and  also  for  dredging  the"  bar  at  the 
mouth  of  Swan  Creek,  to  secure  a  channel  of 
the  depth  often  feet.  Benjamin  S.  Brown  was 
appointed  as  agent  of  the  proprietors 

A  complete  list  of  owners  of  lots  in  Port 
Lawrence  Division,  prepared  in  1836,  contained 
the  names  of  the  following  persons,  the  same 
being  classified,  to  distinguish  those  purchasing 
lots,  from  the  original  owners:  Purchasers — 
John  Baldwin,  S.  S.  Humphrej-,  Daniel  McBain, 
Wm.  P.  Daniels,  W.  J.  Daniels  i^  Co.,  Charles 
Noble,  Piatt  Card,  Philo  Bennett,  W.  J.  Daniels, 
George  Bennett,  Piatt  i*i:  Miller,  Coleman  I. 
Keeler,  I).  B.  Mooney,  G.  W.  Rhodes,  A.  E. 
Wing,  A.  Ritter,  A.  Noj-es,  J.  Brandet,  A.  Bour- 
denois,  G.  Simpson,  Calvin  Comstock,  J. 
Rawles,  P.  Raymond,  J.  Clark,  Mrs.  General 
Vance  (donation),  Mrs.  Harriet  Daniels  (dona- 
tion), T.  &  S.  Darlington,  W.  Ritter  and  R. 
Foster.  Proprietors— Wm.  Oliver,  M.  T.  Wil- 
liams, S.  B.  Comstock,  I.  S.  Smith,  J.  B.  Mac}^, 
Ed.  Bissell,  Raymond  ctLj-nde, Andrew  Palmer, 
H.  D.  Ma.son,  Hicks  &  Co.,  Dart  &  Mott,  James 
Myers,  Charles  Butler,  J.  R.  Giddings,  Lot 
Clark,  and  C.  W.  Lynde. 

In  1836,  Robert  Piatt  filed  his  bill  of  com- 
l^laint  in  the  Circuit  Court  of  the  United  States 
for  the  District  of  Ohio,  against  Oliver  and  his 
associates,  praying  for  an  injunction,  a  receiver, 
&c.,  in  order  that  liis  legal  rights  to  the  prop- 
erty in  question  might  be  investigated  and  I'e- 
lief  granted.  In  December,  1840,  the  District 
Court  rendered  a  decision,  which  sustained 
Piatt's  claim  in  behalf  of  the  Piatt  Company  to 
an  equal  interest  in  the  lands  in  question, and  A. 
F.  Perry,  as  Special  Master  Commissioner,  was 
dii'ccted  to  examine  and  rejiort  what  were  the 
several  interests.  Siibsequentl}-,  E.  D.  Mans- 
field was  appointed  for  a  like  purpose.  The 
final  decision  of  the  Court  was,  that  Oliver  and 
Williams  held  the  legal  title  of  tracts  1  and  2, 
86,  87  and  10  acres  of  tract  3,  jointly  for  them- 
selves and  the  other  members  of  the  Port  Ijaw- 
rence  Companj',  as  tenants  in  common,  in  the 
following  j^roportions — dividing  the  whole  into 
2,832  parts— to  wit:  Alex.  H.  Ewing,  989.6 
parts;  John  Rowan,  49(i.6parts;  Robert  Piatt, 
219.5  parts;  John  G.  Worthington,  219.5  parts  ; 
William  Oliver  165.10  parts;  M.  T.  Williams, 
82.8  parts;  the  heirs  of  William  M.  Worthing- 
ton, 219.5  parts;  and  the  heirs  of  John  H. 
Piatt,  439  parts.  In  addition  to  this,  Oliver  and 
Williams  were  required  to  make  over  to  the 
parties  named  the  same  relative  interests  in 
lots  109,  110,  111,  119,  120,  121, 162  and  163,  in 
Toledo,  and  other  jn-ojierly  interests,  including 


TOLEDO'S  START  AND  PROGRESS. 


debts  due,  &e.,  belonging  to  the  Port  Lawrence 
Company  under  the  decree.  Divers  other  de- 
tails of  the  decree,  not  essential  to  an  under- 
standing of  the  general  purport  antl  eifect  of 
the  same,  are  here  omitted.  Appeal  was  taken 
by  Oliver  and  AVilliains  to  the  United  States 
Su^jreme  Court,  where,  at  tiic  January  term, 
1845,  the  decision  of  the  District  Court  was  af- 
tirmed,  with  costs.  This  litigation  in  no  wise 
affected  any  rights  by  purchase  of  property 
from  the  Port  Lawrence  Company;  b>it  only 
the  claims  of  the  parties  concerned  in  that 
Company.  The  suit  was  an  important  one,  in- 
volving as  it  did  the  title  to  a  large  portion  of 
the  present  Cit}-  of  Toledo. 

VISTULA. 

In  1832,  becoming  satisfied  that  the  Port 
Lawrence  enterprise  would  not  soon  be  prose- 
cuted with  energy,  Major  Stickney  withdrew 
from  that  interest  and  turned  his  attention  to- 
ward a  new  movement,  on  the  River  below 
the  Port  Lawrence  jjlat.  aiid  on  lands  owned 
by  him.  In  October,  of  that  year,  he  made  a 
contract  with  Samuel  Allen,  of  Lockport,  New 
York,  under  which  improvements  were  to  be 
made,  Allen  to  have  one-half  the  land  in  con- 
sideration of  specified  expenditures  to  be  made 
by  him.  Allen  failing  in  his  agreements,  in 
January,  183.3,  Stickney  made  an  arrangement 
with  Otis  Hathaway,  also  from  Lockport,  when 
a  Town  plat  was  laid  out  and  named  Vistula. 
About  that  time,  Lewis  Godard,  of  Detroit 
(ftithcr  of  Alonzo  Godard),  and  formerly  of 
Lockport,  made  a  contract  with  Major  Stick- 
ney for  certain  lots,  he  (Godard)  to  establish  a 
store  at  the  place.  This  he  did,  occupying  for 
such  purpose  an  old  block-house  built  about 
1817,  by  AVm.  Wilson  (afterward  Judge),  which 
had  become  unfit  for  use  without  material  re- 
pairs, which  were  made  by  Philo  Bennett,  also 
from  Lockport,  who  settled  here,  purchasing 
the  tract  on  the  East  side  of  the  Eiver,  ailjoin- 
ing  what  became  the  Yondota  plat  and  now 
within  the  Sixth  Ward,  Toledo.  The  store 
was  in  charge  of  Sanford  L.  Collins,  who  had 
been  in  Godard's  employ  at  Detroit.  These 
with  other  demonstrations  of  ])rogress  on  the 
part  of  Vistula,  were  recognized  by  the  few 
residents  as  calling  for  suitable  ex])ression  of 
their  a|)])reciation.  Accordingly,  a  grand  ball 
was  ffiven  in  the  old  los:  Warehouse  of  the 
original  Port  Lawrence  Company  at  the  mouth 
of  Swan  Creek,  that  building  furnishing  the 
best  accommodations  for  the  jjurpose  in  the 
vicinity.  It  was  occupied  as  a  residence  by 
John  Baldwin  and  family,  the  upper  portion 
being  the  ball-room  of  the  neighborhood,  at- 
tracting, by  its  accommodations,  participants 
from  Maumee,  Perr3-sburg,  the  Bay  Settle- 
ment and  Monroe. 

The  contract  of  Stickney  with  Hathaway 
and  Allen,  did  not  secure  much  in  the  way  of 
improvement,  and  Allen  returned  to  Lockport, 


and  not  long  thereafter  came  back  with  Edward 
Bissell,  of  that  place,  who  entered  into  an 
arrangement  with  iMajor  Stickney,  similar  to 
the  one  with  Allen.  Air.  Bissell  went  enei-get- 
ically  at  work — clearing  off  the  ])lat  of  timber 
and  brush,  ])utting  in  docking  along  the  Uivt'r. 
from  Lagrange  to  Elm  street,  which  was  con- 
structed on  the  ice  of  the  stream,  and  awaited 
the  weakening  of  the  ice  to  settle  to  its  place, 
which  was  done,  but  not  as  successfully  as  the 
projectors  of  the  experiment  had  hoped. 

Mr.  Bissell  at  once  gave  life  to  Vistula,  b^- 
the  expenditure  of  large  sums  of  money  for  new 
buildings,  for  roads,  and  other  improvemcTits 
necessary  to  the  proper  start  of  an  ambitious 
Town.  Settlei-s  and  purchasers  of  lots  began 
to  arrive,  and  the  general  jirospect  to  brighten. 
The  sale  of  lots  "began  December  19,  183.3, 
when  lot  958  was  sold  to  Krie  I^ong,  for  875. 
But  few  sales  were  made  in  Vistula  until 
April,  183-1,  when  these  became  more  active, 
and  continued  so  until  the  Fall  of  1835,  at 
which  time  the  proprietors  deemed  it  best  to 
close  up  theaffaii-s  of  the  Vistula  Company  and 
divide  the  remaining  lots  between  them.  For 
such  purpose  they  met  at  Buffalo,  October  2, 
1835.  There  were  present,  B.  F.  Stickney, 
Edward  Bissell,  Isaac  S.  Smith,  Iliram  Pratt, 
W.  F.  P.  Taylor,  Robert  Hicks  and  Henry  W. 
Hicks.  Full  and  satisfactory  allotments  were 
made  to  the  several  parlies,  according  to  in- 
terest. It  was  then  agreed,  that  as  soon  as  the 
Town  of  Toledo  should  be  incorporated,  lot 
3t)9,  South  side  Huron,  between  Chei-ry  and 
Walnut,  and  789,  South  side  Ontario  between 
Lagrange  and  Elm,  should  be  donated  to  the 
same  for  School  purposes.  They  never  were 
used  for  such  purpose.  Lot  580,  North  side 
Huron,  between  Chestnut  and  Elm,  and  ti(l5, 
North  side  Huron  between  Locust  and  AValnul, 
to  be  presented  to  the  first  two  religious  Socie- 
ties which  should  agree  within  a  reasonable 
time  to  build  houses  of  worship  thereon,  such 
houses  to  be  of  respectable  dimensions  and  in 
such  state  of  architecture  as  should  meet  the 
approbation  of  cither  two  of  the  ])ro])rietors, 
B.  F.  Stickney, Edward  Bissell  and  I.  S.  Smith  ; 
it  being  at  the  same  time  understood,  that  V>.  F. 
Stickney,  from  his  personal  jiroperty,  woulil 
give  to  the  Town  lot  435,  North  side  Superior, 
between  Magnolia  and  .Mulberry,  for  a  I'uhlic 
School  ;  and  lot  5(13, North  side  Huron,  between 
Magnolia  and  Mulberr\-,  for  a  Church. 

A  meeting  of  proprietors  of  undivided  in- 
terests in  Vistula,  was  held  in  July  and  Se]i- 
tember,  1837,  when  was  presented  a  recajjitu- 
lation  of  appraisement  of  such  pro]ierty, 
amounting  to  §388,88(1,  which  was  divided  by 
lot— B.  F.  Stickney  taking  3-24th8;  Hicks, 
Taylor  and  Pratt,  7-24th8 ;  and  Ed.  Bissell, 
14-24ths.  It  was  then  decided  to  offer  to  the 
Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad  Company  "  a 
strip  of  land  under  water,  on  the  South  side  of 
Water  street,  5(1  feet  wide,  extending  on  a  line 


376 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


piirallol  with  Water  Street,  from  Lynn  to 
Clierry  Street,  for  the  purpose  of  erecting 
thereon  a  Passenger  Car-House,"  the  same  to 
be  ei'ceted  by  January  1,  183i). 

Tlie  foMowing  list  comiirises  all  lots  sold  by 
the  Vistula  ConVpany,  previous  to  the  allotment 
of  the  i)roperty  among  the  original  owners: 


Date. 


1833. 
Dee.  19. 

1834. 

Jan.  I. 

"    21 

.\pril  30 

"      30 

"      30 

■'      ;M 

May  31 

"      23 

"      23 

3 

1 

1 

1 

'■        1 

1 

1 

June  29 

•■     29 

"      29 

"       29 

■■       29 

"       29 


29 
29 
29 
]() 

29 
19 
14 
19 
19 

19 
21 
23 
23 
23 
19 


July  15 

■•  16 

'■  16 

"  V, 

"  10 

"  16 

"  16 

"       16 
"       16 

23 
23 
23 
23 
23 
30 
21 
21 
21 
1 
1 

June  29 

1H.35. 

June  25 


Aug. 


Ajtril 


2.> 


958 Erie  Long 


Purchaser. 


131 

9.59,  960 

.'■i94,  107,  108 

128,  129,  130,591,592, 

113,  473,  474 

344 

.•)27,  5SS 

414 

517.  518 — - 

335,  38T...- 

621 


407,  408,  405,  406 

390,  475 

338  and  10  ft  339  .... 

413 

352,  353,  379,  ;80 

64.5,  616 

716 

665  to  672-   

596...- 

595 

717 

;!86,  385,  599,  GOO,  477, 
347,  .522,  336,  476... 

655.  656 

961  962,724.- 

718,719,  720- 

366,  487,  488 

37.1.376,  .503,504 

721,722,723 

94 ,.-.. 


345,  346, 479, 480.  519, 
520,  523 

342 

624,  .525 

607,608 -- 

341 

3.51,  489,  490---- 

102,  95.  96,  97.  98,  99, 
lOO.  101,  78,  79,  80, 
81,  483.  905,917,654, 
698,  768,  699,  851, 
845,  836,  830,  298, 
297,606,767 

861,  601,  602 

41,  42...- 

58,  59.-- 

61,  62 

44,  45.--- 

384 - 

359.  1-4  (.51,  23  ft 
of  339 

S.52 

69,  70,  71,  60,  43,  657, 
658,  659 

340,  341 

337 , 


858- 

M9,  850.- 

75,  76,  513,  514 

377,  .378 

460 

.309,  310.-- 

348 

92,93,  313 

3-25 

781 


4914  ft.  ()i\  Loeust, 
ceTiter  01  969,  970.. 

49J/^  ft.  on  Locust, 
eu.st  end  lots  855, 
8.56,  and  lot  779 

491^  ft.  Locu.st  ofr 
oust  end  of  471 ,  472. 

49!a  ft.  Walnut,  oH' 
east  end  481, 482 

E.  side  969,  970 

160,  161  and  49^^  ft. 
647,  W8 


Daniel  Washburn 

Lore  &  Alonzo  Whitten, 
Luke  Draper 


Elijah  Porter , 

Isaac  Comstoek —  .. 

Robert  Johnson  

Elias  Stokes 

Stephen  Hicks —  .-. 

Joshua  B.  Davis 

Robert  W.  Dunn 

John  B.  Osburn 

Junius  Flagg 

Samuel  Eddy 

Dr.  Jacob  Clark 

Chester  Hunt 

John  Babcock- 

Joseph  Welch.- 

James  Worden 

Samuel  Eddy - 

Hosea  L.  Maynard.- 
Robert  J.  Buchanan- 
Jonathan  Maxson  — 


John  W.  Fellows 

Gabriel  Manning 

John  E.  Potter 

Samuel  McDowell . 

Derick  Knick.erbocker- 

Cornelius  G.  Shaw 

Walter  H.  Lathrop 

Benj.  Franklin 

Charles  S.  HilL..- 


Joshua  B.  Davis 

B.  S.  Gleason 

C.  P.  Leonard 

William  B.  Tucker.... 

John  O'Brien 

Richard  Greenwood. . 


Hezekiah  D.  51ason. 

John  Almy - 

Granville  Joues 

Warren  Mills 

John  Barse 

Lewis  Vanderlip 

Joseph  Woodhouse-- 


Moses  P.  Swett.. 
Samuel  MeCloy. 


Frederick  Pettis 

J.  S.  Idc  and  D.W.  Joyce 

Daniel  D.  Sinclair 

Isaac  M.  Johnson 

Elias  S.  Root...- 

John  P.  Dormau 

Jeremiah  Wilcox 

Harrow  Gloss 

Ira  Smith 

Daniel  Sprigg -- 

O.  P.  Olmsted 

Arthur  M  Reed 

Daniel  Davis 


John  Otto. 


Thomas  Corlett 

W.  Clark  Blodgett. 


Cornelius  Hurl. 
John  W.  Crane.. 


Alva  Oilman. 


Price 


$    75 

126 

200 
400 

400 
300 
200 
200 
200 
450 
160 
100 
1,200 
200 
120 
100 
600 
300 
100 
800 
200 
200 
100 

2,150 
600 
300 
700 
600 
.500 
700 
.330 


1,560 
3.30 
300 
350 
330 
000 


1,300 
.500 
825 
825 
825 
825 
300 

1,390 
100 

4,395 
990 
495 
100 
400 

1.375 
550 
100 

1,370 
liSO 
600 
200 
100 


ii;o 

350 

400 

400 
100 

1,620 


Date. 


1835. 
June  25 
■•      25 
"      25 


"  25 

"  25 

"  25 

"  25 

"  25 

"  25 

"  25 

"  25 

"  25 

•'  25 

"  30 

July    2 


3 

3 

" 

3 

21 

" 

22 

Aug. 

4 

" 

10 

20 

Nov. 

4 

Aug. 

3 

Nov. 

14 

" 

16 

17 

20 


Lot. 


•'      20 

"       24 

"       34 

Dec.    9 


574 

857 --.. 

609,  610,  649,  650,  729, 

7.30,  735,  736,    and 

parts  647,  648 

973... 

Parts  lots  969,  970..- 

971 

972 

713,  714,715,  717 

953,  954 

389 

511,  512 

887.    888   and  parts 

777,778 

532 ---- 

470 

Parts  967.  968 

Parts  471,  472 

526,  737,  738,  pts.  529, 

530,  783,  784 

478,  467,  468,  469     ..- 
641, 1:42,  pts.  511,512- 

951,  9.52 

771,  772,  733,  734 

893,  894 

927,968 - 

977,978,979,980,981, 

982,  983,984 

Parts   617,  618   and 

631,  632..     ---- 

Parts  881,  882 

9.59,  960 

739 -- 

516 

611,  612,  613,614,381, 

.3S2.  785,  786-- - 

457,  458,459 

491411.  pts.  745,  746.. 

99  ft.  lots  745,  746, 
fronting  Cherry... 

99  ft.  lots  615,  616, 
Cherry  and  Huron. 

99  ft.  of  743,  744,  on 
Cherry 

515,  on  Huron 

653,  on  Erie 

603,601,  Huron. 

510,  Ii43,  740,741,  742. 


PuTCluiser. 


Aldrice  Belknap 

J.  Irvine  Brown 

L.  Jay  Root 

Willerby  Kemp 

John  Fiiudenter-- 

Jacob  Reuelspheher 

Sebastian  Coberly 

Harlow   Glass 

Christian  Fnndenter 

Samuel  Greely 

Charles  Ford 

Charles  Nicholas 

Chester  Walbridge 

Columbus  S.  Marshall-. 

Geo.  Powlesland 

Elijah  Knight... 

Daniel  Greenvault 

Leander  Hill  

Frederick  Wright 

,\braham  Ritter 

W.  H  Chapman 

Rowland  Mosely.. 

George  Bevans 

Henrys.  Hosmer..- 

Samuel  Donalds 

W.  A.  Post 

John  Higly  and  Heman 

Walbridge 

.\nsel  L.  Johnson 

Mavor  Brigham 

Josejih  R.  Williams 

George  B  Way 

C.  B.  McKnight  and  C. 
S.  Marshall.-- - 

Wm.  T.  Bly  and  J.  T.  C. 
Carpenter 

Peter  H.  Shaw 

Vim.  E.  Morton  A  Co 

Merseno  Fox 

S.  Greely  and  J.  Corbett. 

Trunian  C.  Everts -. 

Wing  Russell 


2(K1 
200 


3,100 
I00<1 
100 
100 
100 
850 
350 
400 
300 

450 

300 
400 
200 
600 

1,.550 
1,900 
1,(»0 
350 
800 
200 
100 

800 

7.50 
400 

300 
400 
500 

4,400 
2,200 

400 


700 

800 

500 

400 

1,000 

2,600 


The  larger  part  of  the  above  sales  were  with 
the  condition,  that  purchasers  should  make  im- 
provements on  the  property  within  specified 
periods,  being  chiefly  dwelling-houses,  of  vari- 
ous sizes,  from  16x20  feet  upwards.  Some 
contracts  were  to  "  build  in  the  course  of  the 
Summer,"  some  "  to  build  within  a  year  ;"  some 
for  "buildings;"  some  for  "  dwelling-houses;" 
some  for  "  co'mfortable  dwelling-houses;"  some 
to  "  build  within  three  months — brick."  In 
some  instances  the  amounts  to  be  e.Kpended  for 
buildings  was  stated,  and  these  ranged  from 
$100  to^^3,000. 

It  appears  that  in  the  management  of  each 
of  the  rival  Towns  of  Port  Lawrence  and  Vis- 
tula, the  pi'oprietors  had  been  compelled  to 
expend  considerable  sums  of  money  for  inci- 
dental objects  lor  common  benefits.  In  the 
case  of  Port  Lawrence  the  two  leading  objects 
seem  to  have  been  the  provision  of  stage  and 
mail  connections  with  the  outside  world,  ami 
the  Oldening  of  roads  to  the  surrounding  coun- 
try. The  former  of  these  was  mtide  specially 
important,  from  the  fact  that  the  mail -stage 
route  then  lav  direct  from  Maumee  City  to 
Tremainesville,  ])assing  something  like  a  mile 
and  a  half  to  the  North  and  West  of  Port  Law- 


TOLEDO'S  START  AND  PROGRESS. 


377 


rence,  the  route  lying  along  what  is  now  De- 
troit Avenue,  and  maUini;  tliat  Town  tlej)cndent 
for  stage  and  mail  accommodations  on  its  more 
fortunate  rival  on  Ten-Mile  Creek — a  humilia- 
tion as  well  as  a  business  subordination,  not 
easy  to  bear.  In  order  to  relieve  such  em- 
barrassment, it  was  found  to  be  necessary  to 
subsidize  the  stage  line,  by  compensatit)n  for 
the  extra  travel  involved  in  the  desired  diver- 
gence to  Toledo  from  the  line  between  Mau- 
mee  ant!  Tremainesville.  Such  arrangement 
existed  in  1885,  1836  and  1837,  and  resulted  in 
an  indel)tedness  l)y  tlie  proprietors  of  tlie  Town 
to  Willard  J.  Daniels  &  Co.,  through  whom  the 
l)lan  was  managed,  in  the  sum  of  §1,943.38 — 
the  entire  expenditure  for  such  purpose  having 
been  S'i,122.35.  Among  other  items  in  the  Port 
Lawrence  expenditure  were  the  following  : 

In  1832.  Expended  on  Indiana  Road,  $170. 

1833.  On  survey  of  Indiana  Road,  $30  ;  labor  on 
same,  $24. 

1834.  Account  of  Toledo  Ga:etlf  (published  in  Vis- 
tula), $8."). 

The  Vistula  account  contained  the  following  : 

1833.  Surveying  Indiana  Road,  $00;  engraved 
maps,  $87. 

1834.  Staking  channel  in  River,  $33.7.5;  Adrian 
Road,  $.500. 

183.5.  Press  and  materials  for  Toledo  Ga:iite  (pur- 
chased in  183-1), |9.34. 90;  rentof  Ga:t1teo\\we,  (imonths, 
$37.50;  advances  to  sustain  the  Gazetie,  $.509.25:  for 
"  taking  statistical  account  of  commerce  and  inhabi- 
tants," $52.13  ;  "for  clearing  Town  plat,"  $741.00; 
.\nn  Allen,  for  Locust  trees,  f  10 ;  for  o4Sj  rods  turn- 
piking,  $1,097. 

1830.     For  paper  for  Gazelle,  $109.50. 

1837.  Reese  &  Converse,  on  purchase  of  stages, 
&.Q.,  $678.17  ;  Hopkins,  Engineer  of  Sandusky  and 
Toledo  Railroad,  for  expenses  of  survey,  |1,190  33. 

The  joint  expenditure  of  the  two  Towns  for 
stages  was  84,123.35.  The  total  Sandusky  and 
Toledo  Railroad  account  was  Sl,333.33,  which 
was  to  be  divided  equally  between  the  Port 
Lawrence  and  Vistula  proprietors  "  when  the 
Road  should  be  commenced  " — a  condition 
which  never  was  reached.  Beyond  preliminary 
surveys,  nothing  was  done  towai'd  the  con- 
struction of  such  Railroad. 


TOLEDO  APPEARS. 

The  rivalry  of  the  two  adjacent  Towns,  .soon 
convinced  the  proprietors  of  each  that  their  in- 
terests and  fortunes  were  toocloselj'  identified, 
as  against  the  competition  of  neighboring  en- 
terprises, for  their  continued  separate  and  an- 
tagonistic management;  when  an  arrangement 
for  corporate  connection  was  made  under  the 
common  name  of  Toledo.* 

*Mr.  Andrew  Palmer  states,  that  at  a  conference 
held  at  the  time  of  the  consolidation  of  Port  Law- 
rence and  Vistula,  the  matter  of  the  name  for  the 
united  Towns  was  discu.ssed,  when  James  Irvine 
Browne  suggested  Toledo,  and  it  was  adopted.  Many 
other  names  had  been  proposed. 


LOCAL  JEALOTJSIKS. 

Human  nature,  as  developed  in  local  jeal- 
ousies, was  not  wanting  among  the  pioneers 
of  the  Maumeo  Valley,  any  more  than  else- 
where. The  s]iirit  of  idvairy  attends  the  settle- 
ment and  im]irovement  of  neighboi-ing  Towns, 
no  less  than  the  progress  of  traile  in  the  more 
advanced  conditions  of  the  .same.  The  record 
of  Port  Lawrence,  for  the  first  10  years  of  its 
questionable  existence  (1817  to  1827),  would 
hardly  be  considered  one  to  provoke  the  special 
jealous}'  of  anj-body.  In  fact,  during  the  most 
of  that  period,  the  attempt  to  establish  a  Town 
where  Toledo  now  stands,  was  so  uncertain  of 
results,  that  the  few  persons  interested  in  the 
venture,  wt're  more  concerned  in  the  ((uestion 
of  life  or  death,  than  in  any  rivaliy  with  com- 
peting localities.  And  yet,  there  seems  to  have 
been,  in  the  ej-es  of  at  least  one  neighboring 
Town,  enough  in  Port  Laurence  to  justify 
some  degree  of  watchfulness  as  to  its  competi- 
tion. Tbis  fact  was  shown  during  the  Winter 
of  1821-22,  when  the  matters  of  the  Post  Poule 
and  the  location  of  the  road  between  the  Mau- 
mee  River  and  Lower  Sandusk}-  (Fremont),  as 
provided  for  by  the  Brownstown  treaty,  were 
under  discu.ssion.  The  points  in  the  two  cases 
are  shown  in  the  following  letter  of  Dr.  Horatio 
Conant,  to  United  States  Senator  Brown  : 

FoKT  Meuis,  9th  February,  1S22. 

DeakSir:  Feeling  considerably  interested  in  the 
measures  proposed  in  Congress  relative  to  this  section 
of  country,  and  not  douljting  your  willingness  to  at- 
tend to  any  representation.s  that  might  lie  commu- 
nicated, I  take  the  liberty  of  addressmg  a  few  lines 
to  you  on  those  subjects. 

I  understand  it  is  in  contemplation  to  so  alter  the 
route  of  the  great  Eastern  mail  to  Detroit,  that  it  shall 
not  pass  this  place,  but  go  by  Port  Lawrence,  nine 
miles  below,  on  the  Maumee  River.  Also,  to  estab- 
lish a  land  office  at  the  River  Raisin,  in  .Michigan, 
for  the  sale  of  lands  in  this  vicinity.  Also,  to  remove 
the  port  of  entry  to  Port  Lawrence.  And,  also,  I  pre- 
sume, from  a  motion  of  Mr.  Sibley,  to  open  a  road 
under  the  ijrovisions  of  the  Brownstown  treaty,  iwl 
from  Sandusky  [now  Fremont]  to  Fori  Meii/s,  accord- 
ing to  the  terms  of  said  treaty,  but  from  Sandusky  to 
Port  Laurence. 

I  have  been  astonished  at  the  fact  that  one  dele- 
gate from  Michigan  shoidd  be  able  to  have  the  brain 
not  only  of  a  majority  of  Congress,  but  even  of  a  con- 
siderable part  of  the  Ohio  Reiircscntalives;  hut  from 
the  success  attending  his  motions,  I  am  obligeil  to 
admit  the  fact  as  true. 

Port  Lawrence  has  no  claims  to  notice  by  Con- 
gress, much  less  to  be  honored  by  the  iiropo.sed  .sacri- 
fices. The  River  Raisin  has  no  claim,  in  any  shape, 
superior  to  Fort  Meigs  ;  and  in  point  of  situation  for 
a  Land  Office,  or  any  other  busines.s.  far  inferior.  It 
is  within  little  more  than  thirty  miles  of  the  land 
office  at  Detroit.  Fort  Meigs  is  not  within  one  linn- 
dred  miles  of  any  olfice,  except  that  at  Detroit,  and  is 
seventy-five  nnles  from  that. 

Respecting  Port  Lawrence,  there  is  not,  nor  has 
there  been  for  years,  nor  is  then' likely  to  be,  more 
than  three  English  families,  inclndiiigall  within  three 
miles  of  the  place;  and  whatever  imblic  business  is 
done  there,  must  be  done  bvone  man,  whoisaircady 
•Indian  Agent  and  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  Michigan.* 

*  Reference  is  here  made  to  Major  B.  F.  Stickney. 


378 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


The  distance  proposed  to  be  saved  by  altering  the 
route  of  the  mail,  ought  not  to  come  in  competition 
with  th»  increased  risk  in  crossing  the  Maumee  River, 
which  in  that  place  is  very  wide,  and  open  to  the  un- 
broken surges  of  Lake  Erie.  The  same  objection  will 
lie  with  increased  weight,  against  opening  a  military 
road  to  cross  tlie  River  there.  It  might  as  well  cross 
the  mouth  of  the  bay,  or  any  other  part  of  Lake  Erie. 

If  there  was  anv  "business  done  at  the  place,  or  was 
likely  to  be,  I  should  not  so  much  object  to  the  Cus- 
toms'Collector's  office  being  removed  there;  but  at 
present  I  should  esteem  it  ridiculous  to  entertain  the 
idea. 

I  did  not  suppose  it  entirely  necessary  to  make  all 
the  above  statements  to  you,  sir ;  but  it  was  difficult 
to  say  less,  and  say  anything.  You  must  pardon  the 
apparent  haste  and  carelessness  with  which  this  is 
written,  as  I  have  just  returned  from  a  week's  absence 
and  the  mail  is  on  the  point  of  being  closed. 
Yours,  very  respectfully, 

HoR.iTIO  CONANT. 

Hon.  Eth.^n  A.  Brown,  Senator  in  Congress. 

The  conditions  indicated  by  the  foregoing 
letter,  so  far  from  becoming  less  iu  antagonism, 
only  became  more  intensified  in  bitterness,  as 
time  advanced.  Appreciating  the  natural  ad- 
vantages of  Toledo,  when  that  point  finally 
assumed  definite  position  as  a  rival,  its  neigh- 
bors— Manhattan  on  the  one  side,  and  Maumee 
and  Perrjsburg  on  the  other — seemed  to  make 
common  cause  against  it,  though  to  do  so  re- 
quired an  abeyance  of  mutual  jealousits  by  no 
means  moderate  in  degree.  Thus  it  was,  that 
Manhattan  largelj'  sympathized  with  the  "Foot 
of  the  Rapids,"  as  the  two  Towns  up  the  Eiver 
were  called  ;  while  tiie  latter  made  Manhattan 
the  object  of  their  special  attention.  Perrys- 
burg  and  JIaumee  Steamboat  Captains  never 
saw  Toledo,  in  passing,  except  under  the 
optical  pressure  of  traffic.  Evidently,  the  ex- 
perience of  Port  Lawrence  and  Vi.stula  in  fight- 
ing a  common  battle  with  the  outside  world, 
while  inwardlj'  consumed  with  the  jealous}-  of 
bitter  rivalry,  had  much  to  do  with  enforcing 
the  corporate  union  of  1833.  That  step  did  not 
come  too  soon,  since  without  it,  botli  must  have 
suffered  indefinitely,  if  not  disastrously,  from 
obstacles  presented  by  common  rivals  on  the 
Eiver. 

An  enthusiastic  writer  of  the  time,  in  May, 
1836,  set  forth  the  unequaled  natural  advan- 
tages of  the  Maumee  Valley,  in  terms  like  the 
following  :  "  From  Maine  to  Georgia,  and  from 
the  Atlantic  to  Lake  Erie,  the  eyes  of  the 
whole  community  have  been  turned  towards 
the  Maumee  country."  Describing  the  ajjproach 
to  this  wonderful  region  by  the  River,  the 
writer  saj^s  : 

The  first  Town  which  meets  the  eye  is  Manhattan, 
now  a  thriving  Village,  with  a  population  of  several 
hundred,  where,  about  six  months  ago,  there  was 
scarce!)-  a  house,  if,  indeed,  there  w-asone.  Advanc- 
ing up  the  River,  the  next  place  is  Toledo,  of  which, 
as  it  is  an  old  place,  it  is  unnecessary  to  speak.  Still 
further  on,  and  about  10  miles  from  the  mouth  of  the 
River,  lies  the  Military  Reserve.  This  is  a  plat  of 
ground  extending  up  and  down  the  River  about  a 
mile  and  a  quarter,  and  lying  on  both  sides.  This  was 


selected  many  years  ago  by  the  Engineers  of  the  War 
Department  and  reserved  for  military  purposes.  It 
is  a  beautiful  situation,  with  a  broad,  deep  channel 
in  its  front,  a  bold  shore  and  banks  of  moilerate  ele- 
vation, and  does  credit  to  the  sagacity  of  the  officer 
w-ho  selected  it.  On  the  North  side,  the  banks  form 
a  beautiful  crescent,  almost  as  if  made  by  hands  of 
art.  When  the  eye  is  beholding  the  beautiful  .scen- 
ei-y  which  surroun<ls  this  site,  and  the  mind  is  in- 
formed of  the  advantages  of  its  location,  the  depth  of 
water  in  its  harbor  (12  to  hi  feet),  almost  to  the 
shore,  and  sufficient  to  contain  all  the  shipping  which 
will  probably  sail  on  Lake  Erie  for  'jO  j'ears  to  come  ; 
and  to  all  this  is  superadded  the  fact,  that  immedi- 
ately at  the  upper  margin  of  this  plat  of  ground,  there 
is  a  rock-bar  of  solid  limestone  extending  across  the 
entire  bed  of  the  River  ;  .we  almost  involuntarily  ex- 
claim, "Here,  indeed,  are  the  elements  of  a /f(r_(7e  Town." 
The  United  States  Government  would  never  consent  to 
part  with  this  portion  of  the  public  domain  until  this 
Spring.  It  was  advertised  and  sold  at  auction  at 
Bucyrus  on  the  4tli  of  April  last,  and  immense  sums 
of  monej-  were  on  the  spot  for  the  purchase.  An  ar- 
rangement was  effected  between  19  gentlemen  from 
different  parts  of  the  country,  and  the  whole  was  bid 
olf  for  their  benefit  and  placed  in  the  hands  of  Trus- 
tees. The  proprietors  selected  five  Directors,  and  re- 
solved forthwith  to  lay  outaTow-n,  which  they  have 
named  Marengo  ;  and  it  is  expected  early  in  June 
the  sales  will  be  opened  by  public  auction,  and  from 
oOO  to  .500  lots  disposed  of  in  that  way.  It  can  scarcely 
admit  of  a  doubt,  that  Marengo  will  in  a  few  years 
become  a  large  and  densely  populated  City.  There, 
it  is  believed,  the  Wabash  Canal  will  terminate,  as 
no  good  reason  can  be  discovered  for  its  extension 
further  down  the  River;  and  all  the  rich  commerce 
of  Western  Ohio,  the  Wabash  country,  a  large  portion 
of  Illinois,  besides  mncb  on  the  C)hio  River,  must  be 
poured  out  here,  with  all  the  surplus  products  of  this 
pro  verbially  luxuriant  soil,  seekinga  Northern  market. 
Good  building  stone  can  easily  be  procured,  as  the 
Rock  Bar  extends  into  the  country  on  each  side  of 
the  River.  And  in  conclusion,  permit  me  to  say, 
that  I  hesitate  not  to  predict,  that  at  no  distant  day 
Marengo  will  be  the  largest  Town  in  Western  Ohio. 

In  this  connection  the  following  presenta- 
tion of  the  superior  claims  of  East  Marengo, 
as  the  "  future  great  City  "  of  the  Maumee  Val- 
ley, will  be  pertinent,  as  another  specimen  of 
the  rivalry  then  so  rife  between  the  man}' 
contending  points.  It  was  published  in  July, 
1836.  The  writer  sat  out  with  the  assumption 
that  the  Miami  and  Erie  Canal  (then  not 
located  at  its  Northern  outlet)  would  not 
extend  below  Steamboat  navigation,  nor  stop 
short  of  it,  then  saying: 

Now-,  where  is  that  point?  By  recent  surveys  it 
w-ould  seem  that  Delaw-are  Flats  is  the  first  obstacle 
to  ascending  navigation.  Opposite  the  Flats,  and  on 
the  North  side  of  the  River,  is  Delaware  Island,  be- 
tween w-hich  and  the  North  shore  is  a  channel  20 
rods  wiile  and  not  less  than  10  feet  deep,  as  marked 
on  the  charts,  until  you  reach  nearly  the  upper  end 
of  the  Island,  where  a  bar  is  formed  of  sand,  over 
w-hich  there  is  not  more  than  five  feet  of  water.  Op- 
posite this  point — that  is.  opposite  Delaware  Island, 
on  the  North  shore — is  the  head  of  uninterrupted 
navigation  ;  and  at  this  point  precisely,  is  the  City  of 
East  Marengo  laid  out.  If  this  bar  be  removed,  boats 
may  ascend  one  and  a  half  miles  to  Rocky  Bar,  oppo- 
site and  below  which  is  the  old  Fort  Reservation,  on 
which  the  City  of  Marengo  is  laid  out.  To  ascend 
above  the  bar  with  the  largest  class  of  boats  is,  we 


TOLEDO'S  START  AND  PROGRESS. 


379 


believe,  iuipossil)lc,  without  ciittinfiacluuiiu'l  tlirousrh 
the  rock.  Will  this  be  ilone?  We  think  lU't.  Be- 
low, except  one  small  saml-bar  (as  above  stated t,  all 
is  clear  to  the  Bay.  As  .nixnl,  if  not  better  ^jniund, 
is  here ,  presented  for  building,  and  everything  is 
favorable  to  a  termination  here,  or,  at  farthest,  at 
the  upper  end  of  Delaware  Island,  where  the  last  ob- 
struction is  passed.  Should  it  terminate  at  either- 
point  the  two  Towns  will  be  united  in  one  City,  as 
they  are  only  separated  by  the  lamls  of  Ahirshall 
Key,  Esq.  (lliO  rods  wide),  who  proposes  to  lay  out 
the  same  into  lots,  and  donate  one-half  of  the  same 
to  the  County  of  Lucas,  on  the  condition  that  the 
County-seat  be  located  thereon.  This  being  consid- 
ered worth  SUI0,(1(I0,  it  will  no  doubt  have  the  desired 
effect.  Our  opinion,  then,  is,  that  East  Marengo  is 
the  precise  spot  where  investments  may  be  made 
with  the  surest  prospect,  for  it  is  entirely  at  the  head 
of  uninterrupted  Steamboat  navigation.  But  if  the 
channel  be  cleared,  it  will  still  be  within  the  limits 
of  the  Great  City  of  the  West;  for  the  entire  dis- 
tance from  Rocky  Bar  to  the  Northern  or  lower  side 
ol  East  Marengo,  is  less  than  one  and  three-fourths 
miles  on  the  River.  If  the  Canal  be  unwisely  taken 
below,  immense  water  pow'er  will  be  created  at  or 
about  Delaware  Run  ;  and  then,  let  it  go  where  it 
may,  it  cannot  be  taken  more  than  four  or  five  miles 
from  this  point.  There  is.  therefore,  as  we  conceive, 
less  risk  and  better  prospect  in  making  investments 
at  this  point  than  at  any  other  on  the  River. 

It  will  be  sufficient  hereto  add  that  Marengo 
and  East  Marengo,  with  Austerlitz,  and  other 
"  Paper  Towns  "  at  the  several  "  heads  of  navi- 
gation on  the  Maumee  River,"  long  since 
passed  almost  bej'ond  memory,  while  otliers, 
and  at  the  time  named  more  advanced  com- 
petitors, have  met  even  greater  disappointment 
because  of  greater  expectations.  Particulars 
of  the  "  closing-out  sale  "  of  Marengo  City  are 
given  elsewhere  in  this  volume. 

At  Defiance,  then  in  Williams  County,  a 
great  sale  of  Village  lots  was  advertised  in 
1837.  In  setting  forth  the  peculiar  advantages 
of  the  place,  the  advertisement  said  :  "  Un- 
scathed bj'  the  ravages  of  the  speculator,  sur- 
rountied  by  the  most  fertile  lauds.  Elvers, 
Roads  and  Canals  concentrating  here  from 
every  direction — Tiffin  River  from  the  North, 
the  Auglaize  Irom  the  East  and  West,  the  Mau- 
mee River  and  the  Wabash  and  Erie  Canal  — 
Defiance  is  tlestined  to  become  a  great  and 
flourishing  Town."  The  proprietors  of  the 
Town  were;  Curtis  Holgate,  H.  G.  Phillips  and 
John  Evans;  and  Wm.  Seamans,  Agent. 

Providence  was  laid  out  in  1835,  bj'  Peter 
Manor.  It  lies  at  the  head  of  the  Rapids,  and 
was  the  point  from  which  General  Wayne 
started  for  Fort  Wayne. 

Brunersburg  was  located  on  the  Tiffin  River, 
about  a  mile  from  its  junction  with  the  .Maumee, 
opposite  where  the  Wabash  Canal  locks  into  the 
latter.  The  Town  was  laid  out  in  1S3.'),  and  in 
1837  hadUtiU  inhabitants,  with  six  stores,  three 
hotels,  two  mills  and  water  power.  It  had  ob- 
tained a  charter  for  a  Railroad  to  connect  the 
Town  with  Hicksville,  for  wliich  the  stock  was 
taken  in  August,  1837.  The  waters  of  the 
Tiffin  River  were  supposed  to  be  navigable,  or 


readilj-  to  be  made  so,  for  a  distance  of  60 
miles  from  that  ]>oint.  Hi-unersburg  was  then 
a  candidate  for  the  Countj'-seat  of  I)efiance 
County,  and  |)romised  to  become  the  j)rinei]ial 
commercial  and  manufacturing  ])oint  lietween 
Fort  W;'vne  and  the  Foot  of  the  Ra])iils.  In 
1S39  I)avid  Briiner  and  Henry  Zeller,  pro|irie- 
tors,  had  that  ]>ortioii  of  lii-unersburg  lying  on 
the  Fast  side  of  the  River  vacated  bj'  the  Court. 
Waterville  was  laid  out  in  1832  by  John  Pray, 
proprietor,  and  several  lots  sold  to  actual  set- 
tlors. In  1833  it  contained  half  a  dozen  inferior 
houses,  one  store,  one.  grist-mill,  one  saw-mill 
and  one  or  two  mechanics'  shops.  From  that 
time  it  grew  more  or  less  rapidly,  and  in  1837 
had  three  or  four  stores,  with  good  stocks  of 
goods  and  large  trade.  The  Town  had  the  ad- 
vantage of  water  jiower  from  the  Maumee. 

ADDITIONS    TO    TOLEDO. 

As  alread}'  shown,  Toledo  originallj-  con- 
sisted of  the  united  plats  of  Port  Lawrence  and 
Vistula.  The  tceographical  growth  of  the  City, 
after  the  union  of  these,  is  shown  by  the  follow- 
ing list  of  subsequent  Additions,  made  at  the 
dates  given,  to  wit : 

Name  of  Addition.  Dale  of  Recurd. 

Palmer's January,  1837. 

Scott's September,  1837. 

Mott's October,  1.S37. 

Vistula NovembiT,  1837. 

Oliver's November,  1.S37. 

Sherman  Page's July,  1S44. 

Ewing's October,  1.S4-"). 

Stickney's June,  1848. 

Johnson's March,  18i)l. 

Stickney's  (second) September,  18iil. 

Woodruff's April,  18.i2. 

Collins's October,  1852. 

Church's May,  IS.iS. 

Vondota November,  1853. 

Ketcham's June,  1S53. 

Oak  wood June,  1853. 

Whittlesev's December,  1853. 

Hall  A  Morris's June,  1854. 

Williams's October,  18.54. 

Prentice's November,   18.54. 

Oliver's  (second) December,  1854. 

Segur's December,  IS54. 

Sticknev's  (third) January,  1855. 

Ilill's.,".... July,  18.55. 

Phillips's September,  1855. 

Hunt's .  ._.Mav,  185t). 

Fitch's July.  18.56. 

Raymond's September,  1856. 

Shaw's Octiiber,  18.56. 

Segur's  (second) March  and  April,  18.57. 

Segur's  (third) June.  1857. 

H.  B.  Wellman's March,  1857. 

Jlason  l'*:  Baker's August,  1857. 

W.  S.  Williams's March,  18.58. 

Berrv's June,  1.H.59. 

Scott's  (second) June,  18.59. 

Shaw's  (second) June,  1860. 

Receiver's March,  1862. 

Daniels's June,  18()2. 

Car  Factory November,  1862. 

Sprague's December,  1862. 

Germania April.  lNi:i. 

Peck  i^  Morris ..September,  18(>.3. 


380 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Name  of  AddUion.  Date  of  Record. 

Baker's September,  1SG3. 

Myer's  _      January,  IS64. 

Boodv's.-'--."!! July.  1864. 

Wheeler's July,  1864. 

Campbell's August,  1864. 

Orchard November,  1864. 

Hailroad    v. November,  1864. 

Cornwall's May,  186.5. 

Grove May,  lS6o. 

Monroe  Street June,  1865. 

Stocking's July.  186.x 

Knower's August,  I860. 

liaymer  &  Skidmore's September,  I860. 

Weller's October,  I860. 

Car  Factory  (second") November,  1865. 

Gardner's." December,  186-x 

Dunlap's January,  1866. 

Yondota  (second) February,  1866. 

Fassett's February,  1866. 

Mott's  (second) February,  1866. 

Maeben's February,  1866. 

Braun's March,  1866. 

Finch's November,  1866. 

Cornwall's  (second) December,  1866. 

Allen's April.  1867. 

Shaw  &  Wells's April,  1867. 

Boody's  (second) March,  1867. 

Knower's  (second) May,  1867. 

Eowsey's May,  1867. 

Lenk's May,  1867. 

Danzev's June,  1867. 

Yates's July,  1867. 

Raffensperger  &  Miller's August,  1867. 

Shaw  &  Frazer's September,  1867. 

Raymers October,  1867. 

Kraus's December,  1867. 

Hiett  &  Skidmore's January,  1868. 

Bissell's March,' 1868. 

Texas May,  186S. 

Hill's  (second) May,  1868. 

Shaw's  Monroe  Street May,  1868. 

Barnet  T.  Scott's June,  1868. 

Baker's Julv,  1868. 

T.  P.  Brown's October,  1868. 

Poe's November,  1868. 

Hall's January,  1869. 

Barker's February,  1869. 

Daniels's April,  1869. 

Spaulding's May,  186!). 

Island June,  1869. 

W.  C.  Daniels's August,  1869. 

Eaffensperger's August,  1869. 

Huberich's September,  1869. 

Thayer's January,  1870. 

Swayne  Place Septeniber,  1870. 

Woodward's November,  1870. 

Walbridge's April,  1871. 

Lagrange  Street April,  1871. 

Nichols's May,  1871. 

Backus's Mav,  1871. 

Woodland luiie,  1871. 

St.  John's June,  1871. 

Broadway June,  1871. 

Monroe-Street  Suburban June,  1871. 

North  Toledo September,  1871. 

Hannon's October,  1871. 

Gleason's November,  1871. 

Parkland November  and  December,  1871. 

Foulkes's December,  1871. 

Barker's December,  1871. 

Central February,  1872. 

Summit  Level March,  1872. 

Lee  &  Brown's July,  1872. 

Gardner's  (second) July,  1872. 

Coghlin's October,  1872. 

Scott's  Air-Line  Junction November,  1872. 


Name  of  AddUion.  Dale  of  Record. 

EUenboro November,  1872. 

Spring  Grove January,  1873. 

Millard's March,"l873. 

Howland's March,  1873. 

Humboldt March,  1873. 

Shepler's March,  1873. 

Creek  Side April,  1873. 

Crim  &  Monett's  Air-Line  Junction.  April,  1873. 

East  and  South April,  1873. 

Miller's April,  1873. 

Welles  tt  Winter's  East  Broadway-_April,  1873. 

Hiett's  Air-Line  Junction April,  1873. 

Dorr  Street May,  1873. 

Swan  Park June,  1873. 

Weber's June,  1873. 

Oakland June,  1873. 

Potter's June,  1873. 

D.  S.  Davis's June,  1873. 

Osborn  Place Julv,  1873. 

Sinclair's July,  1873. 

Howland's  (second) July,  1873. 

A.  J.  Brown's August,  1873. 

Case's August,  1873. 

Markscheffel's August,  1873. 

Bell's  Dorr  Street September,  187.3. 

Monroe  Street  Triangle Seiitember,  1873. 

Lane's September,  1873. 

Power  &  Isherwood's September,  1873. 

Auburndale October,  1873. 

Brand's October,  187.3. 

Whiting's October,  1873. 

Granger's November,  1873. 

Owens's December,  1873. 

Plymouth December,  1873. 

Starr  Avenue December,  1873. 

East  Side Febru.ary,_1874. 

Heston's March,  18i4. 

Parker*  Eundell's March,  1874. 

Vandercook's April,  1874. 

Morris  &  Phillip's April,  1S74. 

Fifth  Avenue April,  1874. 

May  Flower May,  1874. 

Cottage  Park Mav,  1874. 

North  Place May,  1874. 

Franklin  Avenue May,  1874. 

King's Mav,  1874. 

Lloyd's May,  1874. 

Douglass's May,  1874. 

Englewood June,  1874. 

Brown's  Hoag  Street June,  1874. 

Stickney  Avenue June,  1874. 

Seaman  &  Reed's June,  1874. 

Toledo  Heights June,  1874. 

Baker,  McDonald  &  Dana August,  1874. 

Yeston's September,  1874. 

Kelley's November,  1874. 

Raffensperger,  Kelley  &  Crim's November,  1874. 

Raffensperger  i*c  Thayer's November,  1874. 

Robinwood December,  1874. 

Sylvan  Park September,  1874. 

Central  Grove October,  1874. 

Lane's October,  1874. 

Tredwell  Dale December,  1874. 

Auburndale  Extension December,  1874. 

Cottage  Grove  Extension December,  1874. 

West  Toledo December,  1874. 

Machen  Place December,  1874. 

Cherry-Street  Addition January,  1875. 

Scott  wood January,  1875. 

Earl's .January,  1875. 

Page  &  Klemm's February,  1875. 

Pettee's  Subdivision February,  1875. 

Fairview April,  1875. 

Elmwood April,  1875. 

Creek  Side  (second) May,  1875. 

River  Side ^lay,  1875. 


TOLEDO'S  .START  .tyii  I'ROdRESS. 


SSI 


Name  of  Addition.  Date  of  Record. 

Gleiulale May,  1875. 

Sunnyside Juiie.  1875. 

Central  Avenue  Subdiyision June,  1875. 

Hayes's 1... June,  1875. 

Clifton  Park June,  1875. 

Fassett's  (third) June,  1875. 

Detroit  Avenue June,  1875. 

Sloane,  Ashley  &  Bassett's July,  1875. 

Jordan  &  Hayes's July,  1875. 

Ketcham's  (second) August,  1875. 

Ashland August,  1875. 

B.  T.  Scott's  (second) August,  1875. 

Foulkes's  (second) August,  1875. 

Raymond's  Suhdi vision September,  1875. 

Bare's  Subdivision September,  1875. 

Home October,  1875. 

Nessle  &  Pratt's October,  1875. 

Wells  &  Bassett's  (second)  Yondota. October,  1875. 

Bean's  Subdivision October,  1875. 

Central  Grove  (second) October,  1875. 

Morfoot's November,  1875. 

Wright  &  Stebbins's December,  1875. 

Gradolph's  Subdivision  Humboldt's  Division,  Fred. 

Gradolph  et  al.,  February  26,  1870. 
Subdivision  Eobinwood  Addition,   F.J.   Scott  et  al., 

February  28,  1,S76. 
Extension    of    Rovvsev's   Addition,    C.    A.   Rowsey, 

April  14,  187(>. 
Darst's  Addition,  Henry  H.  Darst,  July  11,  1876. 
Longview  Addition,  George  W.  Benedict  et  al.,  April 

29,  1876. 
Collingwood    Cemetery,  Phillips  Farm,  Washington 

Township,  August  9, 1876. 
Everett  Town  plat.  Brayton  O.  Everett,  Aug.  22,  1876. 
Extension  of  Robinwood  Addition,  W.  H.  Buckman, 

A.  E.  Rood  et  al.,  September  28,  1876. 
E.  R.  Collins's  Addition,  December  12,  1876. 
Subdivision  Lots  473,  609,  1007,  Port  Lawrence,  Feb- 
ruary, 1877. 
Bissell  Farm  Addition,  W.  A.  Collins,  June,  1876. 
Norwood,  Toledo,  J.  Edwin  Conant  et  al.,   Aug.  1877. 
Raror's  Addition,  Anthou}-  Earor,  August,  1877. 
Piahl's  Subdivision  Berry's  Addition,  t'harles  Prahl, 

April,  1878. 
Hausman  and  Mohr's  Addition,  John   Hausnian,  W. 

H.  Mohr   January,  1878. 
Subdivision  Central  Grove  Addition,  W.  T.  Bickner 

ctal.,  October,  1878. 
Mallett's  Subdivision,  Benj.  Mallett  et  «/.,  Aug.  1879. 
Church's  Addition.  R.  W.  Church,  replatted  1879. 
Johnson's  Addition,  C.  M.  Giddings,  185o. 
Central  Addition,  East  Toledo,  James  haymer  et  al., 

December,  1880. 
Swayne  Place,  N.  H.  Swayne,  March,  1881. 
Pilliod's  Subdivision,  Vistula,   Francis   Pilliod,   Au- 
gust, 1881. 
Whitney's  Extension  of  Clifton  Park,  H.  P.Whitney 

etal.,  May,  1882. 
Knowles's  Fourth  Addition,  John  Knower,  July, 1882. 
Robison  and  Larwell's  Su!)divi,sion  BisKeirs.\ddition, 

D.  Robison,  Jr.  and  J.  C.  Larwell,  .July,  1882. 
Douglass  and  Stahl's  Subdivision,   George  Douglass, 

G.  C.  Stahl,  VV.  H.  Boyd,   August,  1882. 
Alsace  Addition,  \.  H.  Keteham,  August,  1882. 
Hicks  Street  Addition,  Maria  Calkins^  Sept.,  1882. 
E.  D.  Moore's  Addition,   Sarah    H.   Hicks,    Zorah  C. 

Moore,  Ed.  D.  Moore,  November,  1882. 
Nicholas's  Addition,  Cora  H.  Nicholas,  March,  1883. 
Ma<ldocks's  Subdivision  Woodruff's  Subdivision,  A. 

W.Maddocks,  February,  1883. 
Whipple's  Subdivision,  Julius  D.  AVhipple,  Mar.l88o. 
Calkins's  Addition  and   Ackiin's   Addition,   Thomas 

Calkins,  John  Cavanaugh  (■(  al.,  Ajiril.  l.'^So. 
Warren  Place,  Charles  Kent.  March,  INs:). 
Household  Addition,  V.  H.  Keteham,  March,  1883. 


Indiana  Avenue  Addition,  Wm.  B.  Taylor,  Apr.  18S:l. 
Corbusier's  First  Adilition,  Abner  B.  Cole,  July,  1883. 
Mertz's  Addition,  Catharine  Mi'rtz,  August,  1883. 
Peck's  Addition,   C.  F.  W^'k  el  al.,  September,  18.83. 
Felt's  Subdivision    Williams's   Subdivision,   Sumner 

IX  Felt,  Scptendjcr,   1883. 
Stebbins,  Hall,  Ford  and   Baldy's   Replat  of  Cliftou 

Park,  October,  1883. 
First  Addition  to  Cottage  Park,  B.  F.  Griffin,  Oct.'83. 
E.  D.  Moore's  2d  Addition,  November,  1883. 
Mill  Addition,  by  Maumee    Rolling   Mill    Comiiany, 

East  Toledo,   Uecemher  12,  1883. 
Subdivision  of  lots  179  and  180,  Daniels's   Addition, 

-March,  1884. 
Extension  of  Railroad  Addition,   F.J.Scott,  Feb.  29, 

1884. 
Extension  of  Germania  Addition,  W.  W.  Gritfith  and 

D.  B.  St.  John,  March  5,  1,SS4. 
Curtis's  Addition,  C.  F.  Curtis,  March  19,   1884. 
N'irgiuia  Street  Adilition,  Mary  Gili.soii,  Mar,  25,  1884. 
Indiana  Avenue  .Addition,  Wm.  15.  Taylor,Mar.27,'84. 
Subdivision  of  lot  No.  867,   Port  Lawrence,   Terrence 

J.  iMcDonnell  and  Edward  A.  Moore,  Mar.  24,  1884. 
Block  A,  Mott's  Third  Addition,    Richard    Mott   and 

Edward  A.  Moore,  Jlarch  28,  1884. 
Bancroft  Street  Ad<lition,  Wni.  15.  Taylor,  June  5,  '84. 
Subdivision  Lots  45   and   47,    Humboldt's   Addition, 

Washington  Townshiji,  Lcnk  Wine  Co.,  May  28,'84. 
Exten.sion  of  Hall's  Ilivision,  Harriet  O.  Ilohnes  and 

John  J.  Stone,  June  14,  1884. 
Poland's  Addition,  Patrick  Poland,  June  14,  1.8,S4. 
Griffith's  Addition,  W.  W.  Griffith,  July  7,  1884. 
Boos's  Addition,  ^^atthlas  Boos,  September  6,  1884. 
Williams's  Addition,  II.  N.  Williams  da/.,  Oct.  11,  '84. 
Vance  Street  Subdivision  of  Lot  829,  N.  H.  Swayne, 

Jr.  etal,  October  21,  1884. 
Subdivision  of  part  of  West  half   Northea,st  quarter 

Section  5  S.,  R.  8  East,  Matthias  Boos  et  at,   No- 
vember 17,  1884. 
Wayne  Street  Addition,  John  W.  Hiett,  .Ian.  6,  1885. 
Gib'bs's  Place,  Stickney's  Third  Aildition,  D.W.  Gibbs 

and  Sidney  C.  Gibbs,  February  11,  1885. 
Auburndale  Extension  amended,   F.  J.  Scott   et  al., 

February  21,  1885. 
Subdivision  Lots  315  and  316,   Stickney's   Addition, 

Calvin  Barker,  March  2,  1885. 
VV.  W.  Whitney's    Addition,    Wilhir.l  W.   Whitnev, 

March  26,  1885. 
Betts's  Addition,  Flavel  S.  White,  May  22,  18,S5. 
Campbell's  Second  .\ddition,  James  H.  Campbell  and 

J.  W.  Gloyd,  June  30.  1885. 
Wasson's  Siibdivision,  R.  B.  Wasson,  June  25,  1885. 
Buckland's  Subdivision,   Ralph   P.    Buckland,   June 

23,  1885. 
Irving  Place,  John  Fitch  etal.,  July  28,  1885. 
Subdivision  Lots  89  and  10  Monroe  Street  Suburban 

Division,  J.  C.  Lee  etal,  August  5,  1885. 
Cherrv  Place,  V.  H.  Keteham,  August  24,  1885. 
McGrath's  Subdivision,  Thos.  McGrath,  Sept.  7,  1885. 
John  Henry's  portion  of  Poland  and  Henry's  Addi- 
tion, September  11,  1885. 
Stillman  Brown's  Addition,  September  21.  1885. 
Osliorn  Place,  J.  R.  Osborn,  Septendjer  25,  18,S5, 
Boody's  Third  Addition,  J.  R.  O.sborn,  .-^ept.  30,  1885. 
Genevieve  Addition,  Russell*  Erwin  Manufacturing 

Coiiipanv.  New  York,  September  30,   isno. 
Potter's  Addition,  Nathaniel  F.  Potti'rrV  rii.,Oct.26,'85. 
North  .Scottwood  Addition,    Win.    B.   Taylor,    C.    O. 

Brigham,  Lizzie  Lewis,  December  26,  1.SS5. 
Warner  and  Sanderson's  Subdivision,  II.  W.  Warner, 

J.  H.  Sanderson,  January  14,  1886. 
Extension   of    Robinwood"  and   WoodrufI"  Avenues, 

Matthias  Boos,  Maria  L.  Wheeler  it  al.,  Feb.  9,  '86. 
Highland    Park,    David    Robison,   Jr.,     and    J.    W. 

Hiett,  February  24,  1886. 
Western  Avenue  Addition,  l-',.  I).  Potter,  Sr.,  April 

15,  1886. 


382 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Taylor's  Subdivision,  Sticknev's  Addition,   William 

B.  Taylor,  Mary  Ann  Brown,  May  28,  1886. 
Robison's    Sntxlivisinn    Extension    Hall's   Division, 

David  Robison.  Jr.,  July  -'7.  188(;. 
Subdivision  Block  121,  Nortb  Toledo,  I.  H.  Dctwiler, 

Cary  D.  Limlsay,  May  28,  18S0. 
VVaslunsjton  I'laoe,  Jolin  J.  Barker,  Aijril,  1886. 
Subdivision  Block   No.   82,    North   Toledo,   J.  R.  B. 

Ransom,  September,  1886. 
MeCaskey's  Addition,  Robert  McCaskey,  May,  1886. 
Klni  Street  Addition,  Wm.  Baker,  September,  1886. 
Subdivi-sion  Fractional  Section  13,  M.  I.  Lacey  et  al., 

December,  1886. 
Earl's  Addition.  B.  C.  and  J.  F.  Earl,  January.  1887. 
Eden  Blace,  Rotsert  Raitz  el  al.,  March,  1887. 
Subdivision  Block  7,  t)rchard's  Addition,  Justice  H. 

Bowman,  March,  1887. 
East  Broadway   Addition,   R.  W.  and  G.  S.  Daniels, 

April,  1887.  " 
Extension  to  MeCaskey's  Addition,  Robert  McCaskey, 

May,  1887. 
Nebra.ska  Avenue  Addition,  J.  C.  Clarke  rt  a?.,  June, '87. 
Franklin  Place,  Adam  Burgert  et  al.,  July,  1887. 
S.  and  D.  A.  Brown's  Addition,  July,  1887. 
Auburndale  Extension,  F.  J.  Scott  et  al.,  Aug.  1887. 

As  will  be  seen,  these  Additions  iu  number 
reach  the  extraordinary  aggregate  of  319,  and 
ranire  in  dates  fi'om  January,  18.37,  to  August, 
1887,  a  period  of  over  5(1  years.  Divided  into 
decennial  periods,  the  number,?  are  as  follows  : 
From  1837  to  1847,  7  Additions,  of  which  5  were 
in  1837;  1847  to  1857,  26;  1857  to  1867,33; 
1867  to  1877, 153;  1877  to  1887, 100.  It  will  be 
seen,  that  of  the  total  319  Additions  to  the  City, 
which  enterprising  proprietors  thus  nia<le,  153, 
one-half  of  the  whole,  were  made  during  the 
ten  years  of  1807  and  1876,  inclusive.  That 
may  justly  be  regarded  as  the"  .speculative era  " 
of  the  City's  history.  The  falling  off  in  like  ex- 
tensions during  the  following  decade  (1877-87), 
may  be  accounted  for  by  the  ftict,  that  the  great 
business  embarrassment,  having  its  chief  source 
in  the  tinancial  panic  of  1873,  did  not  reach 
real  estate  until  two  or  three  years  thereafter, 
and  was  not  felt  in  its  full  force  before  1877. 
Hence,  the  Additions  to  Toledo  were  in  active 
increase  until  that  year,  when  they  largely 
ceased,  and  were  not  revived  to  anj-  considera- 
ble extent  until  1883,  when  they  soon  nearly 
regained  their  former  activity. 

TRANSFERS  OF   REAL  ESTATE. 

The  following  list  of  early  real  estate  sales 
in  Port  Lawrence  Township  and  Toledo,  will 
be  of  interest  in  this  connection  : 

Martin  Baum,  of  Cincinnati,  to  Bazil  Tromley,  of 
Port  Lawrence,  June,  1824,  30  acres  for  $100,  in  Tract 
86,  East  side  Maumee  River. 

Thos.  Bishop  to  Budd  Martin,  July,  1825,  41  acres 
for  $55. 

Thos.  Bishop  to  Eli  Hubbard,  of  Detroit,  10  acres 
on  Ten-Mile  Creek,  1825,  for  $50. 

Joseph  Martin  to  Eben  Burgess,  80  acres.  May, 
1825,  for  $300.  ^ ' 

United  States  to  John  T.  Baldwin,  July  1,  1831 
Lower  Island,  alias  Grassy  Point  or  Middle  Ground' 
79.11   acres,    at    .$1.25  per    acre;  same   was   sold  to 
Marquis  Baldwin,  October  21,  1832,  for  $150.     This  is 


now  the  site  of  the  old  Union  Railroad  depot  and 
yards,  between  the  River  and  the  Bayou. 

In  May,  1831,  Edward  Bissell,  then  of  Lockport, 
New  York,  sold  to  the  United  States  Turtle  Island,  in 
Maumee  Bay,  then  containing  6.68  acres;  the  price 
$300.  The  same  was  bought  of  the  Government  at 
public  sale  at  Monroe,  in  July,  1827. 

In  August,  1831,  Wm.  Oliver  leased  for  5  years  to 
John  Baldwin  the  privilege  of  fisliing  in  the  Maumee 
River  in  front  of  tracts  86  and  87,  Baldwin  to  pay  all 
highway  taxes  of  all  lands  of  Oliver  at  and  in  the 
neighborhood  of  Port  Lawrence. 

Wm.  McNabb  to  John  Knaggs,  18.35. 
David    Newcomer  to  John  W.  Tanner  and    Wm. 
Laughlin.  May,  183(),  River  lot  6. 

Alex.  Xavarre  to  Willard  Smith,  April,  183(i. 
Joel  C.  Thurstin  to  Walter  H.  Lathrop,  January, 
1836,  lot  314,  Toledo,  $660. 

John  A.  Wells  to  Robert  Hicks,  April,  1836. 
Cornelius  G.   Shaw  to   Lyman  Wheeler,   lot  45, 
Port  Lawrence,  February,  1836. 

Andrew  Palmer  to  James  Myers,  of  Schenec- 
tady, N.  Y.,  November,  1836,  undivided  one-fourth 
part  of  84.72  acres,  lying  on  the  Territorial  Road  and 
adjoining  the  plat  of  Port  Lawrence,  reserving  a  small 
strip  from  the  Northeast  corner,  sold  to  J.  V.  D. 
Sutphen  b}'  Dexter  Fisher ;  and  also  reserving  the 
burving-ground  as  cut  ott'  by  the  Territorial  Road  ; 
price.  $10,000. 

Christian  Roop  to  John  Knaggs,  .A.pril,  1836,  80 
acres  in  Section  9,  and  80  acres  in  Section  10,  Port 
Lawrence  Township,  for  $5,000. 

James  Navarre  to  Piatt  Card,  June,  1836. 
John  Bte.  RoeteltoJohn  Vogelsangand  Adolphus 
Kramer,   July,    1836,    140.60  acres  on  Maumee  Bay, 
Section  9,  $330. 

Lavina  Stevens  to  Oliver  Stevens,  July,  1836,  lot 
84,  St.  Clair  street.  Port  Lawrence,  $2,000. 

Wni.  Oliver  to  Mrs.  Harriet  Daniels,  nee  Wright, 
August  8,  1835,  lot  335  Port  Lawrence  Division, 
deeded  "  as  a  compliment  by  the  proprietors,  on  the 
occasion  of  hers  being  the  first  marriage  at  Toledo." 
This  lot  is  situated  on  the  South  side  of  Ontario 
street,  half-way  between  Washington  and  Lafaj'ette. 
Mrs.  Daniels  was  the  wife  of  Munson  H.  Daniels,  and 
was  the  first  School  Teacher  in  Toledo.  She  was  a 
niece  of  Governor  Silas  Wright,  of  New  York. 

Pierre  M.  Irving  to  Washington  and  Ebenezer 
Irvi»g,  in  Anril.  1837,  certain  lots  in  Vistula  Division, 
includinir  5*26,  527,  528,  653,  737,  7,S8,  716,  783  and 
784  ;  price   $15,000. 

Henry  W.  Goettell  to  Munson  H.  Daniels,  March, 
1836. 

Benjamin  F.  Wade,  of  Ashtabula,  Ohio,  to  Amer 
lean  Land  Company,  July,  1836,  8  acres  in  original 
lot  6,  Port  Lawrence,  on  Maumee  River,  with  water 
privileges,  for  $1,836. 

Joshua  R.  Giddings,  of  Ashtabula,  to  American 
Lan<l  C'ompany,  July,  1836,  8  acres,  tract  5,  129  acres 
North  side  River,  with  water  privileges,  for  $1,836. 

Marquis  Baldwin  to  E.  D.  Potter,  March,  1836,  a 
portion  of  Lower  Island,  Grassy  Point  or  Middle 
Ground  ;  price  §4,000. 

E.  D.  Potter  to  Joel  McCullum,  June,  1836,  same  as 
above,  for  $5,000. 
George  M.  Mills  to  John  Berdan,  September,  1836. 
Ira  C.  Smith  to  J.  G.  Littlefield,  September,  1836. 
J. Baron  Davis  to  C.  I.  Keeler,  Jr.,  April,  1837. 
B.    F.   Stickney   to   Lewis  Godard    and    Elkanah 
Briggs,  June,  1832. 

Andrew  Palmer  to  Isaac  S.  Smith  and  Henry  W. 
Hicks,  lots  in  Toledo,  for  $15,(I(X1 ;  August,  1836." 

Decius  Wadsworth,  Laura  Wadsworth,  Hiram  N. 
and  Daniel  Wadsworth,  to  Marc.  Anty.  Vicat,  Tract 
83  Miami  Reservation,  November,  1836. 

John  Baldwin  to  John  T.,  Tibbals  and  Manjuis 
Baldwin,  July,  1836. 


TOLEDO'S  START  AND  PROGRESS. 


y83 


Columbus  S.  Marshal  to  C.  E.  Brintnall  and  John 
Jay  Newcomb,  April,  1837. 

Wm.  Bancroft  to  Samuel  B.  Scott  and  Warden  N. 
Richardson,  October,  1835. 

Geo.  Hall  to  Joseph  Coghlin,  August,  1837. 

Daniel  Murray  to  Dexter  Fisher,  June,  183(3. 

Piatt  Card  to  Russell  C.  Daniels,  May,  1836. 

Geo.  W.  Card  to  Nehemiah  Allen,  September,  18:>7. 

B.  F.  Stickney  to  John  Fassett,  August,  1834. 

In  June,  1837,  Coleman  I.  Keeler,  of  Toledo,  leased 
to  Geo.  E.  Poraeroy,  Walter  G.  Green,  Josiah  Hul- 
bert  and  Jeremiah  C.  Green,  a  farm  at  Palmyra, 
Lenawee  County,  Michigan. 

Thomas  Carr  to  John  Jay  Newcomb,  December, 
1837. 

Richard  Mott  to  Wm.  R.  Hoyt,  April,  1838. 

Henry  W.  Hicks,  of  New  York,  granted  Power  of 
Attorney  to  Richard  Mott,  Jr.,  Xovember,  1837. 

Richard  Lambert,  deed  to  W.  11.  Lewis,  July,  1838. 

J.  R.  Giddings  to  Matthew  Burchard  and  J.  L.  Van 
Gordon,  May,  1838. 

Coleman  L  Keeler  to  Josiah  Chambers.  June,  1838. 

Edward  Bissell  to  Benj.  S.  Brown,  May,  1838. 

In  November,  1837,  Elisha  Whittlesey,  as  agent  for 
the  proprietors,  deeded  to  the  County  of  Lucas, 
Court-House  Square,  in  Oliver's  Addition  to  Toledo, 
consisting  of  a  block  400  bv  -00  feet  in  size,  bounded 
by  Whittlesey,  Court,  Oliver  and  State  Streets.  The 
grant  was  made  in  consideration  that  County  liuild- 
ings  should  be  erected  and  maintained  thereon.  The 
deed  was  assented  to  by  Edson  Xewton,  Edward 
Wade  and  John  M.  Clayton,  co-owners  of  the 
property. 

Joseph  Comstock  to  Ansel  Comstock,  May,  1838. 

Isaac  W.  and  Roderick  Comstock  to  Ansel  Com- 
stock, October,  1838. 

Ira  C.  Smith  to  Ellis  Parker,  October,  1838. 

John  Van  Blarcum  to  Samuel  Bentley,  May,  1838. 

Elijah  Porter  to  Austin  A.  Hill,  September,  1837. 

Austin  A.  Hill  to  Leander  Hill,  November,  1838. 

Ann  Leybourne  to  Anthony  Leybourne,  August, 
1838. 

Edward  Bis.sell  to  Peter  H.  Shaw,  November,  1838. 

Lewis  Benore  to  Wm.  Wilkison  and  Wm.  Taver- 
nor.  Directors  of  School  District  No.  3,  Port  Law- 
rence. January,  1839  ;  lease  of  site  for  School-Hou.se, 
then  being  erected,  at  |;20  per  year  "  so  long  as  they 
might  please  to  use  it  for  a  School-House." 

Edward  Bissell  to  Gabriel  .Manning,  January,  ]83fi. 

Peter  Cranker  to  Joseph  Cranker,  October,  18.38. 

Stickney  A  Bis.sell  to  Newton  C.  Wolcott,  July, 
1838. 

Jonah  Bush  to  Geo.  B.  Bush,  August,  1838. 

Treasurer  ^Monroe  County.  Mich.,  to  Alex,  and  D. 
Anderson  and  Johu  W.  Miller,  lot  311,  Port  Law- 
rence, as  delinquent  for  taxes  in  the  amount  of  $1.0.5 
for  the  year  1832 ;  also  to  same  parties,  same  date,  80 
acres  in  Port  Lawrence,  for  §1 .50  delinquent  taxes, 
for  1833. 

Ansel  Comstock  to  Barnard  McMillan,  May,  1839. 

John  Fitch  to  Julius  Velnagel   July,  1839.' 

Same  to  Aldrich  A.  Belknap,  July,  1839. 

Richard  ^lott  to  Philander  Raymond,  September, 
1837. 

Geo.  Redding  to  Ira  L.  Clark,  September,  1839. 

John  Halpin  to  Timothy  Tarsney,  September,  1839. 

Clement  H.  Thompson  to  Benj.  Jlallett,  Jr.,  Novem- 
ber, 1839. 

Daniel  Webster,  of  Boston,  Mass.,  to  Richard  M. 
Blatchford  and  Samuel  B.  Ruggles,  of  New  York, 
May,  1839,  5  acres  in  Section  25,  City  of  Toledo ; 
$12,-560.  Mr.  Webster  bought  the  same  property  in 
February,  1837,  of  Cornelius  Jones  and  Matthew.son 
Eddy. 

Edward  Bi-ssell  to  Junius  Flagg,  lots  405,  406  and 
407,  Vistula,  July,  1840. 

Julius  Velnagel  to  Cbailes  Slcrtz  and  G.  Leisaer, 


lease  of  Brewery  on  lot  981,  Vistula,  on  Michigan 
Street,  between  Walnut  and  Cherry,  at  the  rental  of 
S<itH).  Now  (1887)  it  is  occupied  by  tbe  Eagle  Brewery 
of  Lang  &  Son.  On  the  same  ground,  are  Philip 
Schmidt's  Bottling  Works. 

Wm.  Oliver  to  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad  Com- 
pany, grant  of  right  of  way  and  timber  and  other 
materials  on  any  lands  of  grantor  "  withinthe  County 
of  Monroe,  Port  Lawrence  Town.ship,  Territory  of 
Michigan." 

Noah  A.  Whitney  to  W^m.  Owen,  April,  1.S40. 

Edward  Cadwell  to  Noah  .■\.  Whitney,  August,  1.S40. 

B.  F.  Stickney  to  City  of  Toledo,  November,  1.840, 
8  acres,  |1, 600, "  for  Cemetery  purposes  (now  Forest 
Cemetery). 

Richard  Mott  to  Daniel  Cusliing,  .January,  1841. 

Barnard  McMillen  to  Daniel  Mt^Bain,  August,  1840. 

Delavan  D.  Hawes  to  Abel  W.  Fairbanks,  Feb- 
ruary, 1841. 

Eli  Bancroft  to  Simeon  Parker,  August,  1834. 

City  of  Toledo  to  Wm.  Hoskins,  .March,  1S41. 

Hamilton  A.  Carpenter  to  Geo.  B.  Way,  May,  1840. 

Jonah  Huntley  to  Chri.stopher  Gunn,  May,  1845. 

Elijah  Porter  to  Worden  N.  Richardson,  Decem- 
ber, 1837. 

Charles  Lynde  to  Samuel  Stocking  and  Stephen 
Hal.sey,  September,  1842. 

David  Shaw  to  Walter  Titus,  Jr.,  June,  1842. 

John  Fitch  to  Cynthia  Eddy,  September,  1842. 

0.  I).  Ma-son  to  Fred.  Prentice,  June,  1842. 

A.  J.  Comstock  to  V.  H.  Ketcham,  October,  1842. 

D.  O.  Morton  to  Valentine  Wall,  January,  1843. 

John  Goettell  to  Jilatthias  Boos,  INIarch,  1843. 

Francis  W.  Jennison  to  Charles  V.  Jennison,  May, 
1843. 

Christopher  Flynn  to  Patrick  ilcCarty,  May,  1843. 

John  Viers  to  Cyrus  H.  Coy,  April,  1843. 

Patrick  McCarthy  to  Joseph  K.  Secor,  July,  1843. 

County  Auditor  to  Samuel  S.  Ketcham,  September, 
1843. 

Wm.  Oliver  to  V.  H.  Ketcham,  September,  1843. 

City  of  Toledo  to  Chas.  B.  Phillips.  March,  1843. 

Wm.  OHver  to  Chas.  -M.  Dorr,  September,  1843. 

Gideon  Draper  to  JIatthias  Boos,  July,  1843. 

John  Fassett  to  Elias  Fassett,  March,  1843. 

C.  W.  Hill  and  H.  6.  Cozzens  to  School  District  No. 
2,  Toledo,  November,  1,843,  School  House  site,  509 
Vistula.  On  .South  .side  Huron  street,  midway  be- 
tween Cherry  and  Walnut. 

James  M.  Comstock  to  Erastus  Wilkinson,  July, 
1843. 

County  Auditor  to  Chas.  A.  Crane,  January,  1843. 

Myron"  H.Tilden  to  Daniel  Corlett,  January,  1844. 

D.'O.  Morton  to  Joseph  H.  Wood,  August,  1843. 

Samuel  A.  Lawrence  to  Peter  H.  Shaw,  A)>ril,  1844. 

Myron  H.  Tilden  to  Benj.  D.  Tilden,  October,  1844. 

Joel  Crane  to  Abram  Scott,  November,  1S44. 

John  P.  Lewis  to  Peter  Lewis,  April,  1833. 

Coleman  I.  Keeler,  Jr.,  to  Timothy  Tredwell,  De- 
cember, 1834. 

Wm.  Hoag  to  Russell  Olds,  February,  1835. 

S.  -M.  Young  to  Benj.  Mallett,  Jr.,  March,  1845. 

Edward  H.  Jettbrds  to  Sibbil  E.  Jetlords,  June.  1845. 

Wm.  Sheldon  to  .\nson  Backus.  September,  1845. 

Wm.  Consaul  to  Wm.  H.  Consaul,  Xovendaer,  1845. 

John  Fitch  to  Wm.  Kraus,  January,  1846. 

Wm.  Oliver  to  Thos.  Ewing  and  Henry  Stanbery,  " 
Lancaster,  Ohio,  lot  482J  Port  Lawrence. 

Aaron  D.  Patchen,  of  Buifaio,  N.  Y..  to  John  T. 
Maher  and  Patrick  Brogan,  December,  1845. 

Thos.  C.  Allen  to  Joseph  K.  Secor,  June,  1846. 

V.  H.  Ketcham  to  John  Poag,  December,  1845. 

In  November,  1845,  Oliver's  Division  was 
re-surveyed  and  re-platted  by  Daniel  S.  West- 
cott,  County  Surveyor,  for  Elisha  Wliitllesey, 


384 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


in  trust  for  the  proprietors,  Wm.  Oliver,  C.  H. 
Williams  (Administrator  of  estate  of  M.  T. 
Williams),  Ora  H.  Knapp,  Wm.  E.  Morris  and 
Erastiis  Cusbing.  The  changes  in  lots  and 
streets,  in  some  instances,  were  material.  The 
Public  Square  for  County  buildings  in  the 
former  plat  was  again  reserved  lor  the  same 
purpose,  if  wanted,  Market  Square  in  Oliver 
Street,  12t;  feet  wide,  extended  irom  Williams 
to  Cla3ton  street.  Lots  22(3  and  413  were  re- 
served" for  School  Houses.  The  plat  extended 
from  the  Point  (now  Bridge  Street)  to  the  Wa- 
bash and  Erie  Canal,  and  from  Swan  Creek  to 
the  Bayou,  and  contained  521  lots. 

Orlando  Bushnell  to  Henry  Wilcox,  August,  1846. 

John  B.  Vallee  to  Rev.  Amedeus  Riippe,  Septem- 
ber, 1847,  for  $300,  lot  272,  Port  Lawrence  Division  of 
Toledo,  on  West  side  Huron  street,  near  Washington. 

Henry  C.  Blodgett  to  Wm.  C.  Blodgett,  October, 
1846. 

WiJlard  Trull  to  Salter  Cleveland,  April,  1847. 

Amedeus  Bappe  to  Maxime  Fauteaux,  lot  272, 
Port  Lawrence,  September,  1847. 

Tlios.  Card  to  H.  G.  Cozzens  and  Wm.  H.  Ray- 
mond, February,  1848. 

Warren  Corning  to  Daniel  Swift,  June,  1847. 

Lot  Clark  to  Lyman  Wheeler,  May,  1847. 

Daniel  McBain  to  Matthias  Boos,  August,  1847. 

American  Land  Company  to  Ann  Corlett,  October, 
1845. 

Abigail  Cheney  to  Thos.  Southard,  September,  1847. 

Chas.  Butler  to  Morgan  L.  Collins,  Franlv  J.  King 
and  Matthew  Brown,  Jr.,  lease  of  lot  !I91,  Vistula 
Division  (Southeast  corner  Cherry  and  Water),  with 
the  warehouse  then  in  process  of  construction  thereon, 
for  5  years  from  October,  1847,  at  §1,000  per  year 
rental. 

C.  B.  Phillips  to  Joseph  W.  Brown,  March,  1846. 

Joseph  K.  Secor  to  Thomas  0.  Allen,  March,  1846. 

Peter  Kiunan  to  John  Poag,  January,  1847. 

Isaac  Sears  to  James  B.  Sears,  March,  1846. 

Jessup  W.  Scott  to  Geo.  W.  and  Wm.  H.  Scott, 
September,  1846. 

R.  C.  Daniels  to  INlattbew  Johnson,  lot  205,  Port 
Lawrence  Division,  October,  1846. 

James  Myers  to  James  Mott,  Philadelphia,  359 
acres  in  River  Tract  6,  United  States  Reserve,  Novem- 
ber, 1845;  price,  $2,250. 

John  Fitch  to  Chauncey  C.  Keysor,  March,  1846. 

James  Mvers  to  John  C.  H.  Montgomery,  Novem- 
ber, 1840. 

J.  W.  Knaggs  to  Augustine  U.  J.  Machen  audi 
Henry  L.  P.  Machen  (then  of  Cleveland),  100  acres  in 
Section  6,  now  on  Bancroft  and  Adams  Streets,  for 
$5,500,  January,  1848. 

Lot  C.  Clark  to  Ann  C.  Mott,  January,  1848. 

Sally  C.  Davidson  to  Stephen  and  John  H.  Whit- 
aker,  April,  1848. 

A.  E.  Wing,  S.  S.  Godfrey,  H.  Smith,  and  N.  R. 
Haskell,  Directors  of  the  Bank  of  River  Raisin,  at 
Monroe,  Mich.,  assigned  certain  property  of  tlie  Bank 
in  Toledo,  to  Chas.  Noble,  Isaac  R.  Christiancv  and 
other  depositors  and  creditors  of  that  Bank,  in  June, 
1847. 

Edward  Haskell  and  Dudley  G.  Saltonstall  to 
Henry  Bennett,  November,  1846. 

Warren  Cornmg  to  Austin  B.  Waite,  Februarv, 
1846.  ^' 


184 


Samuel  I.  Keeler  to  Salmon  H.  Keeler,  Februarv. 
47.  •" 

Ezra  B.  Dodd  to  Roger  W.  Church,  December,  1848. 
Lucien  B.  Gunn  to  Gabriel  Crane,  December,  1848. 
Fred.  Prentice  to  Asa  W.  Maddocks,  October,  1848. 


John  Fitch  to  Jacob  Van  Orden.  February,  1849. 

Richard  Mott  to  Thomas  Dunlap,  Horace  Saxton, 
and  M.  H.  Tilden,  Directors  of  School  District  No.  — , 
Toledo,  lot  581,  Vistula  Division  (North  side  Huron, 
between  Elm  and  Chestnut),  for  $2.50,  April,  1S49. 

The  Sheriff  to  Edward  Bissell,  Jr.,  May,  1S49,  lots 
in  Vistula  Division,  as  follows;  No.  1,125,  for  $10  ; 
No.  1,133,  for  $20;  585,  for  $1.37;  586,  for  $227;  711, 
for  $60;  712,  for  $75;  299,  for  $169;  and  300,  for  $170; 
these  prices  being  two-thirds  of  the  appraised  value 
of  the  property. 

Charles  Butler  to  Edward  Bis.sell,  Jr.,  lots  709,  710 
and  1,135,  Vistula,  for  $100  each,  June,  1849. 

In  January,  1845,  John  Knaggs,  in  consideration 
of  $250,  deeded  to  John  Bapti.ste  Purcell,  Bishop  of 
the  Catholic  Diocese  of  Ohio,  11.78  acres  of  land  in 
Washingtou  Townshiji,  and  on  Ten-Mile  or  Ottawa 
Creek,  for  the  use  of  the  Catholic  Church  of  Toledo. 

May,  1845,  Henry  W.  Hicks  deeded  to  Rev.  Ame- 
deus "Rappe,  for  $2,000,  lots  633  and  634,  Vistula 
Division  (corner  of  Cherry  and  Erie  Streets),  the 
grantee  at  that  time  being  the  Priest  in  charge  of  the 
Catholic  Church  in  Toledo. 

December,  1845,  James  W.  Knaggs  sold  to  Rev. 
Amedeus  Rappe,  for  $800,  42  acres  of  land  in  Wash- 
ington Township,  on  the  road  leading  to  Toledo  via 
Cherry  street,  the  same  having  been  purchased  for 
the  use  of  the  Catholic  Church  in  Toledo. 

June,  1846,  B.  F.  Sticknev  and  Edward  Bissell,  for 
$200,  ileeded  to  Philip  Hagenburg,  t  has.  H.  Schaal, 
and  Fred.  H.  Clausing,  Trustees  of  the  German 
Lutheran  Reformed  Church  of  Toledo,  lot  580,  Vis- 
tula Division,  Toledo  (North  side  Huron  Street,  be- 
tween Elm  and  Chestnut). 

December,  1847,  J.  W.  Scott  deeded  to  Rev.  Ame- 
deus Rappe,  lot  1,431,  Vistula  Division  (Southwest 
corner  of  Ontario  and  Beech  Streets),  for  $100,  the 
same  being  purchased  for  the  use  of  the  Catholic 
Church. 

August  23,  1847,  James  Knaggs,  for  $1,290,  deeded 
to  Loui.se  De  Gonzaga  (Superior),  and  Mary  Pauline, 
21J  acres  of  land  on  Adams  Street,  which  was  de- 
signed for  the  use  of  a  Catholic  institution  under  the 
supervision  of  the  authorities  of  that  Church  at 
Notre  Dame,  South  Bend,  Indiana,  but  was  never 
used  for  such  purpose. 


OFFICERS  OF  TOLEDO  CITY   GOVERNMENT. 

As  already  stated,  the  City  of  Toledo  was 
incorporated  by  the  State  Legislature  at  the 
session  of  1836-37.  The  first  election  of  officers 
took  place  in  the  Sjjring  following.  Below  will 
be  found  as  full  a  list  of  officers  of  the  City,  as 
could  be  prepared  for  use  here  : 

1837. 

Mayor— John  Berdan. 

City  Clerk — George  H.  Rich. 

Members  of  the  City  Council :  Northeast  Ward 
— Junius  Flagg,  James  S.  Way,  Elijah  Porter.  South- 
east Ward — Geo.  B.  Wav,  S.  B.  Comstock,  Samuel  R. 
Bradley. 

City  Officers— J.  Baron  Davis,  Treasurer;  D.  0. 
Morton,  Attorney;  Chas.  McLean,  Fire  Engineer; 
A.  <j.  Hibbard,  .Street  Commissioner  ;  Calvin  Com- 
stock, Marshal;  Munson  H.  Daniels  and  Samuel 
Eddy,  Assessors. 

1838. 

Mayor — John  Berdan. 

CIerk--Austiu  A.  Hill  (resigned),  Chas.  W.  Hill 
(to  fill  vacancy). 


TOLEDO'S  START  AND  PROGRESS. 


3.S5 


Councilinen — Wanl  1.  .Junius  Flagg,  Daniel  Se- 
gur,  Leander  Hill ;  2.  Elijah  Porter,  Emery  D.  Pot- 
ter, Chas.  E.  Brintnall ;  3.  S.  B.  Comstock,  Chas.  F. 
Abbott,  Mnnson  H.  Daniels. 

City  Ottieers— S.  I?.  Seott,  Treasurer ;  D.  O.  IMor- 
ton.  Attorney  ;  Naanian  Goodsell,  Civil  Engineer ; 
Chas.  McLean,  Fire  Engineer;  Ezra  S.  Dodd,  Street 
Commissioner;  Calvin  Comstoek  (resigned),  and 
Daniel  .Segur,  Wharfage  Collector;  Calvin  Comstock, 
Marshal. 

1839. 

Mayor— Hezekiah  D.  Mason. 

Clerk-Charles  W.  Hill. 

Councilnien — Ward  1.  J.  Hoisington  (resigned), 
Ezras.  Dodd.  Mvron  H.  Tilden,  Elisha  £1.  Fassett ; 
2.  Ezra  S.  Dodd  (resigned),  S.  B.  Scott,  Chas.  E. 
Brintnall,    L.  S.    Lownsbury ;  3.     Lyman    Wheeler, 

C.  F.'  Abbott,  Richard  Cooke. 

City   Officers — Horatio   G.     Cozzens,     Treasurer ; 

D.  O.  Morton,  Attorney  ;  Robert  Jetfrej',  Civil  En- 
gineer;  C.  E.  Brintnall.  Chief  Engineer;  Oliver  W. 
Whitniore,  Street  Commissioner ;  Daniel  Segur, 
Wharfage  Collector  ;  0.  W.  Whitmore,  Marshal. 

1840. 

Mayor — Myron  H.  Tilden. 

Clerk — flarvey  S.  Bradford  (resigned),  Edson 
Allen  (to  fill  vacancy). 

Councilmen — Ward  1.  M.  Bostvvick,  Samuel 
Eddy,  J.  A.  Titus;  2.  S.  Porter,  C.  G.  Shaw,  Chas. 
McLean  ;  3.  C.  F.  Abbott,  C.  I.  Keeler,  Lyman 
Wheeler. 

City  Officers — H.  G.  Cozzens,  Treasurer;  C.  M. 
Dorr,  Attorney ;  Samuel  Eddy,  Civil  Engineer ; 
Samuel  Allen,  Fire  Engineer  and  Street  Commis- 
sioner ;  Daniel  .Segur,  Wharfage  Collector ;  0.  W. 
Whitmore,  Marshal. 

1841. 

Mavor— Myron  H.  Tilden. 

Cleik— Edson  Allen. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  Wm.  11.  Raymond,  Junius 
Flagg,  John  N.  Mount;  2.  Edward  Bissell,  Worden 
N.  Richardson,  H.  S.  Bradford  ;  3.  Andrew  Palmer, 
Joseph  W.  Turner,  S.  B.  Comstock. 

City  Officers — H.  G.  Cozzens,  Treasurer ;  C.  M. 
Dorr,  Attorney ;  Samuel  Eddy,  Civil  Engineer ; 
Edward  Bi.ssell,  Fire  Engineer;  Samuel  Allen,  Street 
Commissioner ;  John  Goettell,  Wharfage  Collector 
and  Marshal. 

1842. 

Mayor— Myron  H.  Tilden. 

Clerk^-Edson  Allen. 

Councilmen — Ward  1.  Junius  Flagg,  Leverett 
Bissell,  John  N.  Mount;  2.  John  Fitch,  L.  S.  Lowns- 
bury, Edward  Bissell ;  3.  David  Crane,  David  Hall, 
Peter  Palmer. 

City  Officers — lohn  R.  Bond,  Treasurer ;  C.  M. 
Dorr,  Attorney  ;  Lewis  McL.  Lambert,  Civil  Engin- 
eer ;  David  Crane,  Fire  Engineer ;  Daniel  Segur, 
Street  Commissioner  ;  Chas.  L.  Mattison,  Wharfage 
Collector  and  Marshal. 

1843. 

Mayor — Myron  H.  Tilden  (resigned  upon  election 
as  President  Judge  of  Common  Pleas  District);  James 
Myers  (for  vacancy). 

Clerk — Edson  Allen. 

Councilmen — AVard  1.  Junius  Flagg  (resigned), 
H.  D.  Munson  (for  vacancy);  B.  P.  Peckham,  Owen 
Olmstead  (resigned),  Hiram  Walbridge  (for  vacancy); 


2.  David  Johnston,  John  P.  Freeman,  Ira  L.  Clark  ; 

3.  Peter  Palmer,  Chas.  G.  Keeler,  Henry  W.  (ioettell. 

City  Officers — Robert  W.  Titus,  Treasurer  ;  C. 
W.  Hill,  Attorney;  Robert  Jefi'rey,  Civil  Engineer; 
Peter  H.  Shaw,  Fire  Engineer  and  Street  ('ommis- 
sioner  ;  Thomas  D.  Thomas,  Wharfage  Collector  and 
Marshal. 

1844. 

Mayor — George  B.  Way. 

Clerk  -  Samuel  B.  Scott. 

Councilmen — Ward  1.  B.  P.  Peckham  (resigned), 
Mavor  Brigham  (for  vacancy);  H.  D.  Mason.  ('.  W. 
Hill  (resigned),  Richard  Mott  (fur  vacancy);  2.  Ira  L, 
Clark,  Manly  Bostwick,  Daniel  McBaiii;  3.  C.  1. 
Keeler*  James  Myers,  Levi  G.  Looniis. 

City  Oflicers — John  Kaufman,  Treasurer  ;  .Jede- 
diah  Hibbard,  Attorney  ;  Robert  Jeffrey,  Civil  En- 
gineer ;  Edward  Avery,  Fire  Engineer;  Daniel  Se- 
gur, Street  Comnu.ssioner  ;  Thos.  D.  Thomas,  Wharf- 
age Collector  and  Marshal. 

1845. 

Mavor  -Richard  Mott. 

Clerk -Samuel  B.  Scott. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  H.  D.  Mason,  Wni.  H. 
Ravniond  (resigned),  Mavor  Brigham  (for  vacancy), 
C.  I.  Mattison;  2.  Ira  L.  Clark,  J.  P.  Freeman  (re- 
signed), C.  VV.  Hill  (for  vacancy),  Silas  P.  Ilalsey; 
3.   James  Myers,  Lyman  Wheeler,  Austin  Willey. 

City  Officers— Chas.  A.  Crane,  Treasurer  ;  D.  O. 
Morton,  Attorney;  Robert  Jeffrey,  Civil  iMigineer; 
Gideon  W.  Weed,  Fire  Engineer;  Jacob  t  lark, 
Street  Comunssioner ;  O.  VV.  Whitmore,  Wharfage 
Collector  and  Marshal. 

1846. 

Mayor — Richard  Mott. 

Clerk — Egbert  B.  Brown  (resigned),  Chas.  I.  Scott 
(for  vacancy). 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  H.  D.  Mason,  W.  H.  Ray- 
mond, C.  I.  Mattison ;  2.  Ira  L.  Clark  (resigned), 
C.  W.  Hill  (for  vacancy);  J.  P.  Freeman,  S.  P.  Hal- 
sey  ;  3.  James  Myers,  Lyman  Wheeler,  Austin  Willey. 

The  City  having  been  divided  into  four  Wards,  a 
special  election  was  held  November  24th,  with  the 
following  result ; 

Mayor — Emery  D.  Potter. 

Councilmen — Ward  1.  Henry  Bennett,  B.  P. 
Peckham,  Daniel  Segur ;  2.  Truman  C.  Evarts, 
Matthew  Johnson,  Daniel  Swift ;  3.  S.  B.  Scott,  C. 
W.  Hill,  J.  P.  Freeman;  4.  Ira  L.  Clark,  Au.stin 
Willey,  O.  W.  Whitmore. 

City  Officers — C.  A.  Crane,  Treasurer ;  E.  D.  Pot- 
ter,   Attorney   (resigned).  C.  VV.   Hill   (for   vacancy); 
Robert  Jeffrey,  Civil  Engineer  ;   Israel  Titus,  Fire  En 
gineer;  J.  R.Bond,  Street  Commissioner;  B.  P.  Peck- 
ham, Harbor  Master ;  Henry  D.  Kingsbury,  Marshal. 

1847. 

Mayor — Emery  D.  Potter. 

Clerk — Geo.  S.  Gibbs  (resigned),  C.  I.  Scott  (for 
vacancy). 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  Henrj'  Bennett,  Daniel 
Segur,  M.  H.  Tilden  (resigned),  W.  H.  Raymond  (for 
vacancy) ;  2.  Wm.  Babcock,  Maul)-  Bostwick,  C.  M. 
Dorr  ;  3.  James  Myers,  Daniel  Swift,  Lyman  Wheeler  ; 
4.    Walter  Woodward,  Ira  L.  Clark,  Austin  B.  Waite. 

City  Officers — Chas.  R.  Whiting.  Treasurer;  John 
Fitch,  Attorney;  W.  H.  Newton,  Civil  Engineer;  C. 
W.  Hill,  Fire  Engineer  ;  Mavor  Brigham,  Street  Com- 
missioner; Dennison  Steele,  Harbor  Master;  H.  D. 
Kingsbury,  Marshal. 


^' 


38(5 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


1848. 

Miivor— Emery  D.  Potter. 

Ck'Vk- Jerome  Myers  (resigned),  B.  W.  Rouse  (for 

^'^7"oun('ilinen-\Vard  1.  C.  W.  Hill,  Thos.  Dunlap, 
Jr  Jc.hn  Kaufman;  2.  D.  O.  Morton,  P.H.Shaw, 
K  B  Brown  ;  :'..  James  Myers,  Daniel  Swift,  Lyman 
Wheeler;  4.  Walter  Woodward,  Thos.  D.  Thomas 
(resigned),  .\.  E.  \Villey  (for  vacancy),  David  B. 
Mooney.  _    ,, 

City  Oilicers-A.  W.  Fairbanks,  Treasurer;  D  O. 
Morton,  Attorney;  Daniel  L.  Westcott,  Civil  En- 
gineer; C.  W.  Hill,  Fire  Engineer;  David  Crane, 
Street  Comunssioner  ;  E.  B.  Brown,  Harbor  Master  ; 
H.  D.  Kingsbury,  Marshal. 

1849. 

Mavor  -Daniel  0.  Morton. 

Clerk— Levi  S.  Lownsbury. 

Councilmen-Ward  1.  H.  D.  Mason,  Tbos.  Dnn- 
lap,  Jr.,  Ja<ob  Clark;  2.  CUias.  McLean,  Wm.  Baker 
(resigned),  Henry  Bennett  (for  vacancy),  C.  B.  Phil- 
lips;  o.  Daniel  Swift.  Dennison  Steele,  Edward 
Haskell;  4.  Andrew  J.  Field  C.  F.  Abbott,  A.  B. 
Waite  (resigned),  L  L.  Clark  (for  vacancy). 

Citv  Ctticers  -H.  D.  Kingsbury,  Treasurer;  Thos. 
Dnnla'p,  Jr..  Attorney;  H.  J.  Vaughn,  Civil  En- 
gineer; C.  AV.  Hill.  Fire  Engineer;  David  Crane, 
Street  Commissioner;  Morgan  L.  Collins,  Harbor 
Master ;  Charles  L.  Mattison,  Marshal. 

1850. 

Mayor— Caleb  F.  Abbott. 

Clerk— Levi  S.  Lownsbury. 

Councilmen— AVard  1.  W.  H.  Raymond,  Horace 
Saxton,  D.  0.  Morton;  2.  C.  M.  Dorr.  Joel  W.  Kel- 
sey,  C.  B.  Phillips;  3.  Willard  J.  Daniels,  V.  H. 
Ketcham,  Lvman  Wheeler ;  4.  Alex.  Henderson, 
Cyrus  Williams,  W.  H.  Peabody  (resigned),  William 
Flynn  (for  vacancv). 

"City  Officers— J.  R  Bond,  Treasurer;  Edward 
Bissell,  .-Vtlorney ;  Thos.  Clark,  Civil  Engineer  ;  T.  \V. 
Bradley,  Fire  Engineer ;  T.  D.  Thomas,  Street  Com- 
missioner; C.  G.  Keeler,  Harbor  Master;  W.  F. 
Pregizer,  .\larshal. 

18.51. 

Mayor— Charles  M.  Dorr. 

Clerk — Levi  S.  Lownsbury. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  Jacob  Clark,  Edward  Bis- 
sell, Jr..  Timothv  Tredwell ;  2.  C.  B.  Phillips.  Geo. 
Pendleton,  A.  J.  Field;  3.  John  Fitch,  John  H. 
Whitaker,  Lyman  Wheeler  (resigned),  John  Mul- 
hany  (for  vacancy);  4.  R.  F.  L.  Whittlesey,  Willard 
W.  Howe,  Daniel  Segur. 

City  Officers-J.  R.  Bond, 
Bissell,  Attorney  ;  Thos.  Clark, 
H.   Ketcham,    Fire   Engineer; 

Street  Commissioner  ;    A.  Gilmore,  Harbor  Master  ; 
Gid.  W.  Weed,  Marshal. 


Treasurer ;  Edward 
Civil  Engineer  ;  V. 
Joseph   W.    Brown. 


1852. 

Mayor— Daniel  McBain,  Egbert  B.  Brown,  Ira  L. 
Clark  and  M.  Brigham. 

Clerk— Mavor  Brigham. 

Councilmen — Ward  1.  Edward  Bissell,  Jacob 
Clark,  E.  S.  Dodd ;  2.  A.  J.  Field,  C.  W.  Hill,  Matt. 
Johnson;  3.  John  Mulhany,  James  Myers,  John  B. 
Murphy ;  4.  Geo.  Pendleton,  Morrison  B.  Waite,  R. 
F.  L.  AVhittlesey. 

City  Officers— J.  R.  Bond,  Treasurer ;  John  Fitch, 
Attorney ;    C.   C.   Schenck,   Civil   Engineer ;   E.  B. 


Brown,  Fire  Engineer  ;  S.  P.  Halsey,  Street  Commis- 
sioner ;  Gid.  W.  Weed,  Marshal. 

1853. 

M.ayor— Charles  M.  Dorr. 

Clerk — Henry  A.  Glidden. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  Edward  Bissell,  Thomas 
Dunlap  ;  2.  Samuel  R.  Reed,  S.  B.  Scott  ;  3.  James 
.Alyers,  Lyman  Wheeler ;  4.  Daniel  Segur,  Alex. 
Henderson. 

City  Offlcers-C.  F.  Abbott,  Treasurer;  John 
Fitch,  Attorney  (resigned),  C.AV.  Hill  (for  vacancy)  ; 
Chas.  C.  Schenck,  Civil  Engineer ;  E.  B.  Brown, 
Fire  Engineer;  8.  P.  Halsey,  Street  Commissioner; 
Gid.  W.  Weed,  Harbor  Master  and  Marshal;  Stephen 
J.  Springer,  Marshal  (for  vacancy). 

1854. 

Mayor — Charles  M.  Dorr. 

Clerk — Henry  A.  Glidden. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  Ed.  Bissell,  Henry  Breed; 
2.  Thos.  Dunlap,  S.  R.  Reed  ;  3.  James  Mvers,  John 
T.  Maher  ;  4.  Daniel  Segur,  S.  B.  Scott. 

City  Officers-C.  F.  Abbott,  Treasurer;  C.  W. 
Hill,  Attorney  ;  C.  C.  Schenck,  Civil  Engineer  ;  E.  B. 
Brown,  Fire  Engineer ;  Horace  Thacher,  Street 
Commissioner ;  Barney  Mahon,  Harbor  Master ;  S. 
J.  Springer,  Marshal. 

1855. 

Mayor— Charles  M.  Dorr. 

Clerk — Henry  A.  Glidden. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  Thos.  Dunlap,  Two  Stick- 
ney  ;  2.  S.  R.  Reed,  S.  B.  Scott ;  3.  John  T.  Maher, 
Lvman  Wheeler;  4.  Daniel  Segur,  Henrv  Breed. 

"  City  Officers— C.  F.  Abbott  (died).  Treasurer,  R. 
W.  Titus  (for  vacancy) ;  Ira  E.  Lee,  .attorney  ;  Fran- 
cis M.  Ca.se,  Civil  Engineer  (resigned),  Charles  D. 
Bishop  (for  vacancy);  J.  R.  Bond,  Fire  Engineer; 
John  B.  Marston,  Street  Commissioner;  Calvin  Her- 
•rick,  Harl)or  Master;  S.  J.  Springer,  Marshal. 

1856. 

Mayor— Charles  M.  Dorr. 

Clerk— Charles  C.  Schenck. 

Councilmen — Ward  1.  E.  D.  Potter,  William  H. 
Raymond  ;  2.  I.  N.  Hathaway,  S.  B.  Scott ;  3.  James 
Myers,  Truman  H.  Hoag ;  4.  John  B.  Murphy, 
Daniel  Seguj. 

City  Officens — J.  R.  Bond,  Treasurer ;  Ira  E.  I.«e, 
Attorney ;  C.  D.  Bishop,  Civil  Engineer ;  E.  B. 
Brown,  Fire  Engineer  ;  H.  D.  Hitchcock,  Street  Com- 
missioner ;  Calvin  Herrick  and  Geo.  S.  Howe,  Harbor 
Master ;  Barney  Mahon,  Marshal. 

1857. 

Mayor — Alexander  B.  Brownlee. 

Clerk — Henry  McHenry. 

Councilmen-Ward  1.  "W.  H.  Raymond,  C.  W. 
Hill ;  2.  S.  B.  Scott,  I.  N.  Hathaway";  3.  Wm.  W. 
Jones,  James  Myers  ;  4.  Daniel  Segur,  J.  B.  Murphy. 

City  Officers — J.  R.  Bond,  Treasurer ;  Henry  I. 
Hitchcock,  Civil  Engineer  (resigned),  E.  D.  Mason 
(for  vacancy) ;  E.  B.  Brown,  Fire  Engineer  ;  Edward 
McLeary,  Street  Commissioner  and  Harbor  Master ; 
Stephen  S.  Kingsley,  Marshal. 

1858. 

Mayor — Alexander  B.  Brownlee. 
Clerk— Patrick  J.  Monahan. 

Councilmen-Ward  1.  C.  W.  Hill,  W.  H.  Ray- 
mond;  2.  F.  J.   Klauser,  Daniel  Y.  Howell ;    3.  W. 


TOLEDO'S  START  AND  PROGRESS. 


387 


W.  Jones,  Elijah  Dodd  ;    4.    J.  B.  Murphy,   Daniel 
Segur. 

City  Officers  — Chris.  Woehler,  Treasurer;  E.  D. 
Potter,  Attorney  ;  K.  D.  Mason,  Civil  Engineer ; 
Wni.  H.  Keteham,  Fire  Engineer  (resigned),  Ohauii- 
eey  D.  WoodruH' (for  vacancy);  Ed.  McLeary,  Street 
Comraisisioner  and  Harbor  Master  ;  .Michael  Carney, 
Marshal. 

1859. 

Mayor— Alexander  B.  Brownlee. 

Clerk— Patrick  J.  Monahan. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  W.  H.  Raymond,  C.  W. 
Hill ;  2.  F.  J.  Klauser,  John  Sinclair ;  3.  Elijah 
Dodd,  Dennis  Coghlin ;  4.  Roger  Murphy,  H.  A. 
Breed. 

City  Officers— Chris.  Woehler,  Treasurer  ;  Geo. 
R.  Haynes,  Solicitor  ;  E.  D.  Mason,  Civil  Engineer; 
C.  D.  Woodruff,  Fire  Engineer;  Ed.  McLeary,  Street 
Commissioner  and  Harbor  Master ;  Michael  Carney, 
Marshal. 

1860. 

Mayor — Alexander  B.  Brownlee. 

Clerk — Henrv  Merrill. 

Councilinen  — Ward  1.  C.  W.  Hill.  David  Smith; 
2.  Jolm  Sinclair.  J.  P.  Freeman  ;  3.  Dennis  Coghlin, 
James  Myers  ;  4.  H.  A.  Breed,  Daniel  Segur. 

City  Otlicers — Chris.  AVoehler,  Treasurer;  George 
R.  Haynes,  Solicitor;  E.  D.  Mason,  Civil  Engineer; 
Robert  H.  Bell,  Fire  Engineer;  Ed.  McLeary,  Street 
Commissioner  and  Harbor  Master  ;  John  W.  Beecher, 
Marshal. 

1861. 

Mayor— A.  B.  Brownlee  (resigned),  Alex.  H.  New- 
comb  ("for  vacancy). 

Clerk- Henrv"  Merrill. 

Councilmen  — Ward  1.  C.  W.  Hill,  David  Smith; 
2.  John  Sinclair,  J.  P.  Freeman  ;  3.  Dennis  Coghlin, 
James  Myers  ;  4.  H.  A.  Breed,  Daniel  Segur. 

City  Officers— Chris.  Woehler,  Treasurer;  George 
R.  Haynes,  Solicitor  ;  E.  D.  Mason,  Civil  Engineer  ; 
R.  H.  Bell  Fire  Engineer;  Ed.  McLeary,  Street  Com- 
missioner ;  B.  B.  Orcott,  Harbor  Master ;  J.  W. 
Beecher,  Marshal. 

1862. 

Mayor — Alexander  H.  Newcomb. 

Clerk — Henry  Merrill. 

Councilmen  — Ward  1.  David  Smith,  Sanford  W. 
Freeman;  2.  S.  B.  Scott,  John  Sinclair;  3.  J.  H. 
Whitaker,  Augustu.s  Thomas  ;  4.  Frank  J.  Scott,  J. 
B.  Trembley  ;  o.  Fred.  Witker,  Michael  Hayden ;  6. 
L.  C.  Thatcher,  George  R.  Crane. 

City  Officers — Henry  Brand,  Treasurer  ;  Thomas 
Dunlap,  Solicitor  ;  F.  N.  Finney,  Civil  Engineer ; 
Andrew  Schurtz,  Fire  Engineer  ;  Ed.  McLeary,  Street 
Commissioner  ;  Calvin  Herrick,  Harbor  Master ;  Eli- 
jah S.  Hanks,  Marshal. 

1S63. 

Mayor— Charles  M.  Dorr. 

Clerk — Henry  IMerrill. 

Councilmen — Ward  1.  David  Smith,  8.  W.  Free- 
man ;  2.  Charles  Pratt,  S.  B.  Scott ;  3.  Aug.  Thomas, 
J.  n.  Whitaker  :  4.  John  C.  Klotz,  M.  Dooley  ;  5.  M. 
Hayden,  Fred.  Witker;  6.  G.  R.  Crane,  L.  G. 
Thatcher. 

City  Officers— Thomas  Dunlap,  Solicitor  ;  F.  N. 
Finney,  Civil  Engineer ;  Patrick  Murray,  Street 
Commissioner;  J.  G.  Nolen,  Fire  Engineer;  James 
Dority,  Harbor  Master;  Elijah  S.  Hanks,  Marshal. 

1864. 

Mayor— Charles  M.  Doir. 

Clerk— S.  B.  Scott  (resigned),  Geo.  W.  Merrill. 


Councilmen — Ward  1.  David  Smith,  S.  W.  Free- 
man; 2.  A.  G.  Clark,  Charles  Pratt;  3.  H.  S.  Wal- 
bridge,  B.  H.  Hitchcock  ;  4.  J.  T.  Maher,  J.  C.  Klotz- 
.").  Fred.  Witker,  M.  Hayden  ;  ti.  L.  C.  Thatcher, 
Joseph  Garner. 

City  Officer-s- Birdseye  W.  Rouse,  .Solicitor;  Je- 
rome L.  Stratton,  Civil  Engineer;  Patrick  H.  (iallo- 
W'ay,  Fire  F^ngineer  ;  Pat.  Murray,  Street  Commis- 
sioner and  Harbor  Master;  John  R.  Bond,  Marshal. 

1S6.5. 

Mayor— Charles  M.  Dorr. 

Clerk — George  W.  IMerrill, 

Councilmen— Ward  ].  David  Smith,  S.  W.  Free- 
man ;  2.  A.  G.  Clark,  Andrew  .Schurtz  ;  3.  H.  S.  Wal- 
bridge,  B.  H.  Hitchcock  ;  4.  J.  T.  Maher.  Valentino 
Braun  ;  .5.  Fred.  Witker,  Henry  Brand  ;  (!.  Ira  K. 
Seaman,  Alonzo  Rogers. 

City  Officer.s— B.  W.  Rouse,  Solicitor;  J.  L.  Strat- 
ton, Civil  Engineer;  P.  H.  Galloway,  Fire  Engineer; 
Pat.  Murray,  Street  Commissioner  and  Harbor  .Master; 
J.  B.  Bond",  .Marshal. 

1866. 

Mayor— Charles  M.  Dorr. 

Clerk — George  W.  jMerrill. 

Councilnjen— Ward  1.  S.W.  Freeman,  A.  T>.  White; 
2.  A.  Schurtz  Ernst  Kibbe  ;  3.  M.  S.  Walbridge,  J.  H. 
Whitaker;  4.  V.  Braun,  M.  M.  Goulden ;  .5.  H. 
Brand,  J.  E.   Hunt;  6.   0.  A.  Brown,   I.  K.  Seaman. 

City  Officers — Thomas  Dunlap,  Solicitor ;  J.  L. 
Stratton,  Civil  Engineer;  P.  H.  (ialloway,  Fire  En- 
gineer; Pat.  Murray,  Street  Commissioner  and  Har- 
bor Master. 

1867. 

Mayor— Charles  A.  King. 

Clerk — George  W.  Merrill. 

Councilmen — Ward  1.  Jesse  S.  Norton,  Andrew 
Stephan  ;  2.  E.  Kibbe,  John  Sinclair;  3.  J.  H.  Whit- 
aker, J.  M.  Comstock;  4.  J.  G.  Nolen,  Wm.  C.  Huff- 
man; 5.  H.  Brand,  Wm.  Hall;  6.  Wm.  Sexton,  Ar- 
nold IMcMahan. 

City  Officers— Charles  Kent,  Solicitor ;  J.  L.  Strat- 
ton, Civil  Engineer;  Elias  Avery,  Fire  Engineer; 
John  Naumann,  Street  Commissioner  ;  Pat.  Murray, 
Harbor  Master;  S.  F.  Forbes.  Health  Officer;  .James 
M.Ritchie,  Police  Judge;  J.  K.  llanulton.  Police 
Court  Prosecutor  ;  Henry  Breed,  Captain  of  Police. 

1868. 

Mayor — Charles  A.  King. 

Solicitor — Charles  Kent. 

City  Council— Ward  1.  Andrew  Stephan,  Jesse  S. 
Norton;  2.  John  Sinclair,  Lutlier  Whitney  ;  3.  James 
M.  Comstock,  Elijah  B.  Hall  ;  4.  .lames  G.  Nolen; 
Michael  M.  Goulden  ;  .">.  Henry  Brand,  Frank  P.  Ish- 
erwood  ;  6.  Arnold  McMalian,  Joab  Squire  ;  7.  John 
J.  Penfield,  Edward  R.  Finch  ;  8.  Orrin  Morrison, 
Tim.  W.  Owens. 

City  Clerk— George  W.  Merrill. 

City  Civil  Engineer — Calvin  Crane. 

Street  Commissioner— John  Naumann. 

Superintendent  InfirmaTy — Sewell  Whittlesej-. 

Harbor  ^Master — Calvin  Herrick. 

Fire  Engineer — Elias  Averj*. 

Board  of  Improvements — C.  A.  King  (Mayor), 
President;  Andrew  Shurtz,  Warren  Colburn,  Still- 
man  Brown,  Calvin  Crane,  H.  K.  Stevens. 

Board  of  Health— The  Alayor,  President ;  Dr.  W. 
W.  Jones,  Dr.  Valentine  Braun,  David  Smith,  J.  E. 
Norcross,  Matthew  Shoemaker,  James  Raymer,  John 
W.  Bond. 

Board  of  Education— C.  W.  Hill  (Presidentl,  Jlat- 
thew  Shoemaker,  Alonzo  Rogers,  Reuben  C.  Lemmon, 
J.  R.  Osborn,  Valentine  Braun. 


38.S 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


School  Examiners-Guido  Marx,  Thomas  Dunlap, 

Stephen  H.  Camp.  x  ,       n    t7 

Trustees  of  House  of  Refuge— John  P.  Freeman, 
V  Braun,  Georfie  VV.  Davis,  C.  A.  King,  J.  R.Osborn, 
Joseph  K.  Marx,  J.  G.  Nolen,  John  F.  Witker,  S.  M. 
Young.  John  T.  Maher. 

I'ohie  Court— James  M.  Ritchie,  Judge  ;  Frank 
ColHns.  Prosecutor 

Board  of  Police— The  Mayor  (President),  W  m.  H. 
Smitli  II.  S.  Walbridgo.  George  Meissner,  Pat.  Mur- 
ray Horace  I).  Olds,  Bailey  H.  Hitchcock,  Edward 
Mal'one.  H.  K.  Stevens,  'Secretary;  W.  P.  Scott, 
Captain  ;  Patrick  Horan,  1st  Sergeant;  Henry  Streich- 

er,  2d  Sergeant.  „    ^,  -r  , 

Board  of  Eipudization— Lyman  T.   Thayer,  John 

T.  Maher,   Fred.    Witker,  Theo.  B.  Casey,  L.  M.  Skid- 

niorc.  Augustus  Brown. 

Sui)ervisors  of  Iliglnvav— Ricliard  Bamford,  Jacob 

Tanner.  Ualpli  Tarbox,   Felix   Connelly.   Samuel  F. 

Hersey,  David  Howe,  Conrad  Schilling,  John  Matti- 

more. 

1869. 

Mayor — William  Kraus. 

Clerk— Cteo.   W.  Merrill. 

Councilraen— Ward  1.  A.  Stephan,  J.  S.  Norton;  2. 
John  Sinclair,  L.  Whitney  ;  3.  Edmund  Wells,  E.  B. 
Hall ;  4.  John  W.  Toullerton,  M.  M.  Goulden  ;  b. 
Oliver  G.  Miller,  F.  P.  Isherwood  ;  6.  Alfred  Wilkin, 
Joab  Squire  ;  7.  Daniel  A.  Collins,  E.  R.  French  ;  S. 
Michael  Geelan,  Tim.  W.  Owens. 

City  Othcers— B.  W.  Rouse,  Solicitor;  Calvin 
Crane,"  Civil  Engineer  ;  Chris.  Woehler,  Fire  Engi- 
neer; John  Naumann,  Street  Commissioner;  J.  W. 
Bond,  Health  Otlicer  ;  Calvin  Herrick,  Harbor  Mas- 
ter ;  Joseph  W.  Cummings,  Police  Judge ;  Frank 
Collins,  Pro.secutor  Police  Court  ;  W.  P.  Scott,  c  ap- 
tain  Police. 

1870. 

Mayor — William  Kraus. 

Clerk— George  W.  Merrill. 

Councilmen— AVard  1.  Wm.  St.  John,  Andrew 
Stephan;  2.  L.  Whitney,  John  Sinclair;  o.  T.  M. 
Cook,  Ed.  Wells;  4.  J.  G.  Nolen,  J.  W.  Toullerton  ; 
r>.  Daniel  Segur,  O.  G.  Miller;  (i.  D.  A.  Brown,  A.  Wil- 
kin ;  7.  Henry  Philipps,  D.  A.  Collins;  8.  T.  W. 
Owens,  M.  Geelan. 

City  Officers — Otho  Klemm,  Auditor;  B.W.  Rouse, 
Solicitor ;  Calvin  Crane,  Civil  Engineer  ;  Chris; 
Woehler,  Fire  Engineer;  John  Naunuann,  Street 
Commissioner;  David  Kelly,  Harbor  Master  ;  J.  W. 
Bond,  Health  Officer;  J.  W.  Cummings,  Police 
Judge  ;  J.  P.  Bronson,  Clerk  Police  Court ;  Frank 
Collins,  Prosecutor  Police  Court;  W.  P.  Scott,  Chief 
of  Police. 

1871. 

Mayor — William  W.  Jones. 

Clerk — George  W.  Merrill. 

Councilmen — Wardl.  Joseph  K.  Secor,  Wm.  St. 
John;  2.  L.  Whitney,  John  Sinclair;  3.  Samuel  M. 
Young,  T.  M.  Cook  ;  4.  J.  G.  Nolen,  Gnido  Marx;  b. 
August  Pilliod,  Daniel  Segur;  (i.  D.  A.  Brown,  Geo. 
Scheets;  7.  D.  A.  Collins,  Henry  Philipps;  8.  T.  W. 
Owens,  Pat.  Rice. 

City  Officers — Otho  Klemm,  Auditor ;  Frank  H. 
Hurd,  Solicitor;  Calvin  Crane,  Civil  Engineer;  Chris. 
Woehler,  Fire  Engineer;  John  Naumann,  Street 
Commissioner;  D.  Kelly,  Harbor  Master;  J.  W. 
Cummings,  Police  Judge ;  J.  P.  Bronson,  Police 
Clerk  ;  Clayton  W.  Everett,  Prosecutor  Police  Court ; 
J.  A.  Parker,  Captain  Police. 

1872. 

Mayor — William  W.  Jones. 
Clerk— George  W.  Merrill. 


Councilmen — Ward  1.  Wm.  St.  John,  J.  K.  Secor; 
2.  John  Sinclair,  L.  Whitney  ;  3.  T.  M.  Cook,  S.  M. 
Young;  4.  J.  W.  Toullerton,  Guido  Marx;  b.  Daniel 
Segur,  A.  Pilliod  ;  (i.  J.  McDermot  Roe,  Geo.  Scheets  ; 

7.  Jerome  L.  Stratton,    D.A.Collins;  8.  M.   Geelan, 
Pat.  Rice  (resigned).  W.  H.  Dyer  (for  vacancy). 

City  Officers— Otto  Klemni,  Auditor;  F.  H.  Hurd, 
Solicitor;  Calyin  Crane,  Civil  Engineer  (resigned), 
Horace  C.  Thatcher  (for  vacancy; ;  Chris.  Woehler, 
Fire  Engineer ;  E.  B.  Hall,  Street  Commissioner ; 
Calvin  Herrick,  Harbor  Master;  J.  W.  Bond,  Health 
Otlicer;  .1.  W.  Cummings,  Police  Judge;  J.  P.  Bron- 
son. Police  Clerk;  C.  W.  Everett,  Prosecutor  Police 
Court ;  Josiah  C.  Purdy,  Captain  of  Police. 

1873. 

Mayor— William  W.  Jones. 

Clerk— George  W.  IMerrill. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  John  E.  Bailey,  Wm.  St. 
John  ;  2.  George  Stetter,  Luther  Whitney  ;  3.  R.  H. 
Bell,  T.  M.  Cook  ;  4.  Geo.  Meissner,  J.  W.  toullerton  ; 
5.  R.  J.  Gil)bons,  Daniel  Segur;  6.  I.  K.  Seaman, 
Geo.  Scheets ;  7.  Joseph  Kininger,  D.  A.  Collins  ;  8. 
W.  H.  Dyer,  Michael  Geelan. 

1874. 

■     Mayor— William  W.  Jones. 
Clerk- George  W.  Merrill. 

By  act  of  the  Legislature,  pas.sed  in  March, 
1874,  the  City  Council  ^ya8  constituted  of  t^y(l 
branches-  a  Board  of  Aldermen  and  a  Board 
of  Councilmen — the  former  consisting  of  one, 
and  the  latter  of  two  members  from  eacii  Ward. 
The  tirst  election  under  this  arrangement  took 
place  in  April,  with  the  following  results  : 

Aldermen — Ward  1.  Fred.  B.  Dodge;  2.  James  H. 
Maples;  3.  Francis  J.  King;  4.  R.  J.  Wallace;  .5. 
Daniel  Segur;  0.  Erie  Hamilton  ;  7.  Jacob   Romeis ; 

8.  Patrick  Owens. 

Councilmen — Ward  1.  B.  B.  Barney,  J.  E.  Bailey; 
2.  George  Stetter,  J.  F.  Kumler  ;  3.  Charles  B.  Roff, 
R.  H.  Bell ;  4.  Jerome  B.  Thomas,  Geo.  Meissner ;  5. 
Pat.  (iarry,  Jerome  Anton  ;  0.  Fred.  Jaeger,  I.  K. 
Seaman ;  7.  Joseph  Kininger,  J.  L.  Stratton  ;  8.  H. 
T.  Wells,  Wm.  H.  Dyer. 

City  Solicitor — Frank  H.  Hurd. 

Street  Commissioner — Michael  Geelan. 

City  Auditor— Otho  Klemm.  , 

City  Civil  Engineer — H.  C.  Thatcher. 

Sidewalk  Inspector— John  R.  Bond. 

Superintendent  Infirmary— Harry  Chase. 

Harbor  Master— Calyin  Herrick. 

Chief  Fire  Engineer — Chris.  Woehler. 

First  Asst.  Engineer — John  G.  Paine. 

Second  As.st.  Engineer — Chas.  P.  Barnum. 

187.1. 

Mayor— Guido  Marx. 

Clerk— Geo.  W.  Merrill. 

Aldermen  -  Ward  1.  F.  B.  Dodge ;  2.  Horatio  E. 
Bangs;  3.  F.J.  King;  4.  R.J.  Wallace;  .3.  Daniel 
Segur ;  6.  Erie  Hamilton ;  7.  Jacob  Romeis  ;  8.  Pat. 
Owens. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  J.  E.  Bailey,  B.  B.  Barney  ; 
2.  Geo.  Stetter,  J.  F.  Kumler;  3.  W.  T.  Ridenour,  C. 
B.  Rolf  ;  4.  James  Russell,  J.  B.  Thomas  ;  5.  A.  Pil- 
liod, Pat.  Garry;  6.  James  W.  Howe.  Fred.  Jaeger;  7. 
Jo.^eph  Kininger,  J.  L.  Stratton  ;  8.  M.  M.  Goulden,  H. 
T.  Wells. 

City  Auditor— Otho  Klemm. 

City  Solicitor— J.  Kent  Hamilton. 

City  Civil  Engineer— H.  C.  Thatcher. 


TOLEDO'S  START  AND  PROGRESS. 


389 


Fire  Engineer — Chris.  AVoeliler. 

Street  Commissioner — E.  B.  Hall. 

Harbor  Master — Calvin  Herrick. 

Health  Othcer— A.  W.  Fisher. 

Police  Judge — Henry  E.  Howe. 

Police  Court  Clerk — John  P.  Bronson. 

Police  Court  Prosecutor— Nat.  Harrington. 

Captain  of  Police — Josiah  C.  Punl\'. 

Board  of  Education— Charles  W.  liill  (President), 
Calvin  Cone,  Daniel  Y.  Howell,  Alfred  Wilkin, 
James  McGreavy,  Wager  Swayne,  Ezra  S.  Dodd, 
Augustine  Pilliod. 

Police  Board — The  ^Nlayor,  0.  J.  Hopkins,  Theo. 
Klemm,  John  Paul  Jones,  Roger  Sheehy,  O.  \\'.  Jud- 
kins,  Henry  Hulce,  W.  J.  Myers,  Michael  McGrrath. 
Secretary,  X.  Fisher;  Captain,  J.  C.  Purdy  ;  1st 
Sergt.,  Henry  Streiclier;  2d  Sergt.,  John  Sullivan;  od 
Sergt.,  Dennis  Shehan ;  City  Physician,  Cyrus  A. 
Kirkley. 

Trustees  of  AVater  Works — John  P.  Freeman 
(President).  Charles  Schon,  Edward  Malone.  Chief 
Engineer,  Josiah  D.  Cook  ;  Clerk,  E.  W.  Perrin. 

Park  Commissioners— T.  M.  Cook,  C.  L.  Young, 
0.  Schroeter. 

Trustees  of  Public  Library — The  Mayor,  John 
Sinclair,  E.  H.  Xorton,  C.  A.  King,  F.  B.  Shoemaker, 
Robert  A.  Wason,  AV'm.  H.  Scott,  Calvin  Cone,  E.  S. 
Dodd. 

Work  House  Directors— Peter  H.  Birckhead,  B.  G. 
Sweet,  J.  W.  Toullerton,  A.  E.  Macomber,  Conrad 
Huberich. 

Trustees  of  Cemetery— D.  B.  Smith,  Charles  B. 
Phillips,  Frank  J.  Scott. 

Board  of  Ecjualization — George  Tanner,  J.  McDer- 
mot  Roe,  Chas.  L.  Luce,  John  Sullivan,  J.  T.  Maher, 
Fred.  J.  Cole. 

House  of  Refuge  and  Correction  Trustees  -  J.  T. 
Maher,  James  M.  Waddick,  A.  G.  Clark,  M.  D.  Car- 
rington,  Jacob  Landman.  Superintendent,  A.  T. 
Stebbins;  Matron,  Mrs.  A.  T.  Stebbins. 

Board  of  Health-The  Mayor,  S.  H.  Bergen,  Val- 
entine Braun,  John  W.  Bond,  Max  Jungblut,  J.  T. 
Lawless,  James  Raymer.  Health  Officer,  Dr.  A.  W. 
Fisher;  Sanitary  Policemen,  Wm.  T.  Hall,  John 
Uberle,  L.  Doty.  ' 

Tiustees  Toledo  and  Woodville  Railroad --Horace 
S.  Walbridge  (President),  Chas.  A.  King,  Chas.  F. 
Curtis,  J.  D.  Cook,  William  Kraus. 

Constables  — John  Vangunten,  Paul  Kennedy, 
Jacob  Ballieux,  J.  A.  Parker. 

1876. 

Mayor — Guido  Marx. 

Clerk — George  W.  Merrill. 

City  Solicitor — J.  Kent  Hamilton. 

Street  Commissioner — Josejih  Kininger. 

City  Auditor— Otho  Klemm. 

City  Civil  Engineer — H.  C.  Thatcher. 

Aldermen — Ward  1.  Geo.  Baker;  2.  H.  E.  Bangs; 
3.  E.  W.  Lenderson  ;  4.  R.  J.  Wallace  ;  o.  C.  D.  Wood- 
rufi';  6.  Erie  Hamilton;  7.  Jacob  Romeis ;  S.Pat. 
Owens. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  J.  E.  Bailey,  James  L. 
Chase;  2.  George  Stetter,  J.  F.  Kumler;  3.  W.  T. 
Ridenour,  Clayton  R.  Heath;  4.  J.  B.  Thomas,  James 
Russell;  -5.  August  Pilliod,  S.  W.  Freeman;  (1.  Michael 
McMahan,  Robert  McCulloch  ;  7.  Alanson  A.  An- 
drews, Jr.,  Wm.  T.  Walker;  S.  M.  M.  Goulden,  Geo. 
L.  Johnson. 

1S77. 

Mayor — AVm.  W.  Jones. 

Clerk — George  W.  Merrill. 

Aldermen— Ward  L  John  C.  Davis;  2.  N.  A.  Eg- 
gleston  ;  3.  R.  H.  Warriner ;  4.  R.  J.  Wallace  ;  .3.  E. 
A.  Eversman;  6.  W.  A.  Collins;  7.  D.  A.  Collins;  8. 
Andrew  Nesbitt. 


Councilmen— Ward  1.  Wm.  Beatty,  Jacob  Clark; 
2.  Henrv  Spielbusch,  H.  A.  Chamberlin  ;  3.  Albert 
Kirk,  W.  T.  Ridenour;  4.  E.  S.  Dodd,  H.  C.  Tink- 
ham  ;  .5.  George  Fey,  E.  E.  Stewart:  (i.  Orange  H. 
Howland,  Henry  Tracy  ;  7.  Charles  J.  Kirscliner,  W. 
T.  Walker;  8.  Humphrey  Jones,  George  L.  Johnson. 

City  Solicitor — J.  K.  Hamilton. 

Street  Commissioner — Michael  ilcGrath. 

City  Auditor— Elijah  W.  !-enderson. 

Civil  Engineer  — If.  C.  Thatcher. 

Superintendent  Infirmary — Han-y  Chase. 

Harbor  Master — Calvin  Herrick. 

Fire  Engineer — Chris.  Woehler. 

1878. 

Mayor— Wm.  W.  Jones. 

Clerk — George  W.  Merrill. 

Aldermen— Ward  1.  J.  C.  Davis;  2.  X.  A.  F^ggle- 
ston  ;  3.  R.  H.  Warriner  ;  4.  R.  J.  Wallace  ;  5.  E.  A. 
Eversman;  6.  W.A.Collins;  7.  D.  A.  ('ollins ;  8. 
Andrew  Nesbitt. 

Councilmen — Ward  1.  Jacoli  Clark,  Wm.  Beatty; 

2.  H.  A.  Chamberlin,  Henrv  Spielbusch  ;  3.  W.  T. 
Ridenour,  Albert  Kirk  ;  4.  E.  S.  Dodd,  H.  C.  Tink- 
ham  ;  .5.  E.  E.  Stewart  (resigned),  George  Fey,  G. 
Canniff  (vacancv);  6.  Henrv  Tracy,  O.  H.  Howland  ; 
7.  W.  T.  Walker,  C.  J.  Kirechner;  ,S.  Michael  Mc- 
Grath,  Humphrey  Jones. 

1879. 

Mayor— Jacob  Romeis. 

Clerk -George  W.  Merrill. 

Aldermen— Ward  1.  J.C.Davis;  2.  Fred.  Raitz ; 

3.  R.  H.  Warriner  ;  4.  Jeremiah  Reilly  ;  .5.  E.  A.  Evers- 
man ;  6.  Joel  Potter ;  7.  D.  A.  Collins;  S.  Andrew 
Xesbitt. 

City  Auditor— E.  W.  Lenderson. 

City  Solicitor— H.  A.  Chamberlin. 

Civil  Engineer — H.  C.  Thatcher. 

Fire  Engineer — John  G.  Avery. 

Street  Coinmi,ssioner — Michael  McGrath. 

Health  Otficer— G.  A.  Collamore. 

Police  Judge— Henry  L.  Lorenz. 

Pro.secutor  Police  Court — James  M.  Bloomer. 

Captain  of  Police — William  P.  Scott. 

1880. 

General  Officers — Same  as  in  1879.  ' 

Aldermen  — Ward  1.  J.  C.  Davis;  2.  Fred.  Raitz  ; 
3.  John  A.  Waite ;  4.  Jeremiah  Reilly ;  r,.  Daniel 
O'Hara;  6.  Joel  Potter;  7.  W.  T.  Walker;  8.  Andrew 
Nesbitt. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  Wm.  Beatty,  W.  W.  Cooke; 

2.  H.  Spielbusch,  Milton  Taylor ;  3.  Alvin  Peter,  W. 
T.  Ridenour;  4.  Jacob  Englehardt,  George  (jrogan;  .5. 
Gilbert  Cannifl',  E.  M.  Beaumont  ;  0.  George  W.  Clay, 
John  Danzev ;  7.  James  Dority,  J.  J.  Volmeyer ;  8. 
M.  M.  Goulden,  Thomas  H.  Wright. 

Clerk — Henry  D.  Standart. 

1881. 

Mayor — Jacob  Romeis. 
Clerk— H.  D.  Standart. 
Aldermen— Ward  1.  J.  C.  Davis ;  2.  Geo.  Tanner; 

3.  John  A.  Waite  ;  4.  Carl  Wenzel ;  5.  Daniel  O'Hara; 
G.  Robert  Barber ;   7.  W.  T.  Walker  ;  8.  Geo.  Worts. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  Wm.  Beatty,  W.W.Cooke; 
2.  Henry  Spielbusch,  S.  C.  Schenck ;  3.  Alvin  Peter, 
AV^  T.  Ridenour ;  4.  Jacob  Englehardt,  George  E. 
Toullerton;  5.  E.  M.  Beaumont,  Charles  H.  Sawyer; 
f).  George  W.  Clav,  John  Danzev  ;  7.  James  Dority, 
Wm.  H.  Meyer ;  "S.  M.  M.  Goulden,  Chris.  Zerk. 

City  Solicitor — Clarence  Brown. 

Street  Commissioner — Michael  McGrath. 


3il0 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


City  Auditor— E.  W.  Luiiderson. 
Civil  Engineer— George  H.  Bodette. 

Bv  an  act  of  the  Ohio  Legislature,  jiassed 
(luring  the  session  of  1880-81,^1  system  of  Met- 
ropolitan Police  was  provided  for  Toledo. 
The  Commissioners  constiUiting  tiie  Police 
Board,  selected  by  the  Governor,  were  Abner 
L.  Backus,  Guido  Marx,  John  Cummings  and 
George  ililmine.  This  Board  was  given  full 
powei-s  for  tiie  management  of  the  Police  De- 
partment, and  its  administration  was  success- 
ful in  giving  the  City  a  more  efficient  service. 
The  plan,  however,  was  not  permitted  to  con- 
tinue long,  and  was  soon  succeeded  by  the 
present  system,  eonsistingof  one  Commissioner 
elected  Irom  each  Ward  of  the  City,  who,  with 
the  Mayor,  constitute  the  Police  Board. 

1882. 

JIavor— Jacob  Romeis. 

Clerk— H.  D.  Standart. 

City  Solicitor — Chirence  Brown. 

Street  Commissioner — Daniel  J.  O'Hara. 

City  Auditor— E.  W.  Lenderson. 

Civil  Engineer — George  H.  Bodette. 

Aldermen— Ward  1.  H.  P.  Piatt;  2.  George  Tan- 
ner; 3.  George  W.  Boos  ;  4.  Carl  Wenzel ;  5.  Jo.-^eph 
D.  Ford;  6.  Robert  Barber  ;  7.  Wni.  H.  McLynian;  8. 
George  Worts. 

(Jouncilmen— Ward  1.  Wm.  Beatty,  W.  W.  Cooke ; 
2.  Henry  Spielbusch,  S.  C.  Schenck  ;  3.  Vincent  Ham- 
ilton, Frank  B.  Losee ;  4.  Emory  L.  Graves,  Geo.  E. 
Toullerton  ;  ."i.  Otto  A.  Duden,  Charles  H.  Sawyer; 
(i.  Sanford  W.  Cooke,  George  W.Clay;  7.  Wm.  H. 
Minneker,  Wm.  J.  Meyer;  Thomas  H.  AV right, 
Chris.  Zerk. 

1883. 

Mayor — Jacob  Romeis. 

City  Solicitor — Erwin  P.  Raymond. 

Assistant  Solicitor  — Samuel  Kulin. 

Street  Commissioner —Daniel  J.  O'Hara. 

City  Clerk— Patrick  A.  MacGahan. 

City  Auditor — Albert  G.  Clark. 

Civil  Engineer — John  R.  Miller. 

Superintendent  luKrmary — Ezra  Harnitt. 

Harbor  Master— B.  G.  Sweet. 

Aldermen— Ward  1.  Harvey  P.  Piatt;  2.  Michael 
J.  Cooney  ;  3.  George  W.  Boos  ;  4.  Wm.  H.  Keyser  ; 
r-i.  Joseph  1).  Ford;  (i.  Willis  E.  Clark;  7.  W.  H.  Mc- 
Lynuui ;   8.  Peter  14.  Degnan. 

Councilmen  — Ward  1.  Wm.  Beatty,  Benjauun  F. 
Wade  ;  2.  A.  Spielbusch,  S.  C.  Schenck  ;  3.  Vincent 
Hamilton,  F.  B.  Losee  ;  4.  E.  L.Graves,  Jacob  Folger; 
•i.  Otto  A.  Duden,  Ernst  A.  Eversman ;  6.  S.  VV. 
Cooke,  Frank  P.  Wilson;  7.  AVni.  P.  Minneker,  John 
Henry;   8.  Thos.  H.  Wright,  John  Tollman. 

1884. 

Mayor — Jacob  Romeis. 

City  Auditor— P.  A.  MacGahan. 

City  Solicitor — Erwin  P.  Raymond. 

Civil  Engineer— John  R.  Miller. 

Superintendent  Infirmarj' — Ezra  Harnitt. 

Aldermen — Ward  1.  E.  il.  Kuhlman  ;  2.  M.  J. 
Cooney  ;  3.  George  W.  Boos ;  4.  W.  H.  Keyser  ;  5. 
A.  Broer  ;  6.  W.  E.  Clark  ;  7.  George  E.  Lorenz  ;  8. 
P.  H.  Degnan. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  B.  F.  Wade,  W.  W.  Cooke  ; 
2.  S.  C.  Schenck,  H.  Spielbusch ;  3.  F.  B.  Losee,  V. 
Hamilton  ;   4.  Jacob  Folger,  E.  L.  Graves  ;  5.   E.   A. 


Eversman,  M.  Walsh  ;  6.  F.  P.  Wilson,  H.  J.  Potter  ; 
7.  John  Henry,  George  H.  Ketcham  ;  8.  John  Toll- 
man, Thomas  H.  Wright. 

1885. 

Mayor — Samuel  F.  Forbes. 

Citv  Auditor- -Albert  G.  Clark. 

City  Clerk— P.  A.  .McGahan. 

City  Solicitor — Guy  W.  Kinney. 

Assistant  City  Solicitor— W.  H.  A.  Reed. 

Civil  Engineer— John  R.  Miller. 

Superintendent  Infirmary  — Ezra  Harnitt. 

Street  Commissioner —John  Bayer. 

Harbor  Master — Thomas  Higgins. 

Fire  Engineer — John  G.  Avery. 

Mayor's  Clerk — Charles  F.  Lewis. 

Aldermen— Ward  1.  E.  H.  Kuhlman;  2.  M.  J. 
Cooney  ;  3.  George  W.  Boos;  4.  John  E.  Schultz;  o. 
Augu.st  Broer;  6.  Thomas  R.  Cook;  7.  George  E. 
Lorenz  ;    8.  P.  H.  Degnan. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  B.  F.  Wade,  W.  W.  Cooke; 

2.  Thomas  S.  Merrell,  Henry  Spielbusch  ;  3.  Frank  I. 
King,  Vincent  Hamilton  ;  4.  John  J.  Hackett,  E.  L. 
Graves;  5.  Thomas  VanAarle,  Miehael  Walsh;  8.  Jas. 
H.  Spain,  H.  J  Potter;  7.  Robert  Raitz,  George  H. 
Ketcham  ;    8.  James  W.  Gould,  Thos.  H.  Wright. 

1886. 

Mayor— Samuel  F.  Forbes. 
Citv  Auditor— William  T.  Walker. 
City  Clerk— H.  D.  Standart  (died). 
City  Solicitor — Guy  W.  Kinney. 
Assistant  City  Solicitor — W.  H.  A.  Reed. 
City  Civil  Engineer— Thomas  R.  Wickenden. 
Superintendent  Infirmary — William  Kirkby. 
Street  Commissioner — John  Bayer. 
Harlior  Master— James  McNelly. 
Acting  Chief  Fire  Engineer— John  Nagely. 
Mayor's  Clerk— Charles  T.Lewis. 
Aldermen^Ward  1.  L.  J.  Seek  ;  2.  M.  J.  Coonev  ; 

3.  David  R.  Locke  ;  4.  J.  E.  Schultz  ;  .5.  J.  A.  Waring; 
6.  T.  R.  Cook  ;  7.  Geo.  E.  Lorenz  ;  8.  P.  H.  Degnan. 

Councilmen— Ward  1.  B.  F.  Wade,  W.  W.  Cooke  ; 
2.  Thomas  S.  Merrell,  Henry  Spielbusch  ;  3.  Frank 
I.  King,  Frank  E.  Cole ;  4.  John  J.  Hackett,  Charles 
Hanner;  .5.  Thos.  Van  Aarle,  G.  F.  HoH'man ;  (i. 
Jas.  H.  Spain,  Henry  Birkenhauer ;  7.  Robert  Raitz, 
G.  H.  Ketcham  ;  8.  Jas.  W.  Gould,  Henry  Peiter. 

1887. 

Mayor— J.  K.  Hamilton. 

Citv  Auditor— W.  T.  Walker. 

City  Clerk— G.  II.  Cole. 

City  Solicitor — Guy  W.  Kinney. 

City  Civil  Engineer — Thomas  R.  AVickenden. 

Superintendent  Infirmary— William  Kirkby. 

Street  Commissioner — John  Bayer. 

Harbor  Master — James  .VlcNell)'. 

Aldermen— Ward  1.  L.  J.  Seek  ;  2.  J.  F.  Carr ;  3. 
D.  U.  Locke;  4.  J.  E.  Schultz;  5.  J.  A.  Waring;  0. 
Thomas  McGrath ;  7.  James  Melvin;  8.  P.  H. 
Degnan. 

Councilmen — Ward  1.  J.  C.  Gribben,  W.  W. 
Cooke ;  2.  J.  M.  Eley,  Henry  Spielbusch  ;  3.  Frank 
I.  King,  Frank  E.  Cole  ;  4.  John  J.  Hackett,  Charles 
Hanner;  5.  Thos.  Van  Aarle,  G.  F.  Hoffman;  6. 
Joel  Potter,  Henry  Birkenhauer;  8.  Robert  Raitz,  G. 
H.  Ketcham  ;  8.  John  Cavanaugh,  Henry  Peiter. 

OHicers  Elected  bv  the  Common  Council— W.T. 
Walker,  City  Auditor";  G.  H.  Cole,  City  Clerk  ;  Thos. 
R.  Wickenden,  City  Civil  Engineer;  Wm.  Kirkby, 
Superintendent  of  Infirmary  ;  James  McNelly,  Har- 
bor Master. 

Officers  Nominated  by  the  Mayor--John  Nagely, 
Acting  Chief  Fire  Engineer;    Edward  R.   Edwards, 


TOLEDO'S  START  AND  PMOGRESS. 


391 


Acting  Asisistant  Chief  Fire  Knginoev  ;  Geo.  V.  Kirby, 
Mayor's  Clerk  ;  W.  H.  A.  Read,  Assistant  City  Soli- 
citor;  Chas.  A.  Durian,  Assistant  City  Clerk;  Robt. 
E.  Walker,  Assistant  Auditor. 

Board  of  Education— Rynehold  Opitz,  Joab  Sijiiire, 
H.  D.  Pierce,  Charles  Zirwas,  Franklin  Hubbard, 
Barton  Smith,  Thos.  Temple,  li.  H.  Broer. 

Police  Court — P.  A.  McGahan,  Judge;  George  W. 
Humphrey,  Prosecuting  Attorney  ;  John  P.  Bronson, 
Clerk. 

Members  of  Police  Board— J.  K.  Hamilion,  Mayor 
and  e.c-officio  member ;  Thomas  Coyle,  Walter  Pick- 
ens, Vincent  J.  Emmick,  George  Scheets.  John  J. 
Berney,  Clerk. 

Officers  of  Police  Force — Edward  0'Dv\  yer.  Cap- 
tain of  Police  ;  Thomas  Marker,  Lieutenant  of  Police ; 
Charles  Robinson,  First  Sergeant ;  William  P.  Scott, 
Second  Sergeant;  John  M.  O'Sullivan,  Third  Ser- 
geant; Louis  Trotter,  Fourth  Sergeant  ;  P.  Conmay, 
Fifth  Sergeant ;  H.  P.  Blake,  Sixth  Sergeant ;  Chas. 
L.  Van  Pelt,  Health  Officer. 

Trustees  of  the  Water  Works— Edward  A.  Wells, 
George  W.  Davis,  Jacob  Mandler,  Daniel  Segur, 
Secretary. 

Trustees  of  Public  Library — Wm.  H.  Scott,  Frank- 
lin Hubbard,  Charles  A.  King,  Emery  D.  Potter.  Jr., 
Reuben  C.  Lemmon.  Harvey  Scribner,  Erwin  P. 
Raymond,  Frank  J.  Hoag ;  J.  K.  Hamilton,  Mayor, 
member  e.v-offkio.  Wm.  H.  Scott,  President ;  C.  A. 
King,  Vice  President ;  C.  A.  Dresser,  Secretary  ;  Mrs. 
Frances  D.  Jermain,  Librarian. 

Workhouse  Directors— C.  P.  Griffin.  F.  T.  Lane, 
Clark  Auchard,  O.  W.  Irish,  John  Jacobi. 

Board  of  Park  Commissioners —James  Winans,  O. 
Schroeter,  C.  L.  Young. 

Board  of  Equalization— Ignatius  C.  Wernert,  L.  S. 
Baumgardner,  George  Fey,  Joel  W.  Kelsey,  W.  L. 
Ahrendt,  W.  H.  Whitaker. 

Trustees  of  Cemetery— F.  J.  Scott,  Jacob  Folger, 
William  S.  Daly. 

Board  of  Directors  of  the  Toledo  University — S.  F. 
Forbes,  Maurice  A.  Scott,  Daniel  C.  Shaw,  Daniel  J. 
O'Hara,  Wm.  G.  Hagenburg,  Guido  Marx,  T.  J. 
Brown,  Henry  Kahlo,  F.  J.  Scott,  W.  H.  Scott,  M.  J. 
Cooney,  A.  E.  Macomber. 

Trustees  Soldiers'  Memorial  Building— J.  Kent 
Hamilton,  Mayor  and  (ex  officio)  President ;  L.  F. 
Lyttle,  Secretary;  W.  W.  Jones,  George  Scheets, 
Robert  Chmimings,  AV.  T.  Walker,  J.  S.  Kountz. 

Tax  Commissioners — J.  K.  Hamilton,  Mayor,  (ex 
ofticio)  President;  W.  T.  Walker,  City  Auditor,  (ca- 
officio) ;  W.  II.  Scott,  B.  Mellink,  L.  Burdick.  G.  H. 
Cole,  Clerk. 

Trustees  of  Sinking  Fund — Geo.  W.  Davis,  Presi- 
dent ;  Geo.  Emerson,  James  Blass,  True  W.  Childs, 
Chas.  H.  Scribner.     Geo.  H.  Beckwith,  Clerk. 

The  following  shows  the  compensation  al- 
lovced  to  the  several  City  officers  and  employes 
named,  during  the  year  1886,  to  wit: 

Per  Annnm. 

Mayor $1,200 

Police  Judge 1,000 

Prosecuting  Attorney  of  Police  Court 700 

Clerk  of  Police  Court 800 

Street  Commissioner 1,200 

City  Clerk 2,000 

Assistant  City  Clerk 600 

City  Auditor 2,000 

Assistant  City  Auditor 900 

City  Civil  Engineer        1,800 

Fire  Engineer 1,200 

Assistant  Fire  Engineer 500 

City  Solicitor : 2,000 

Assistant  City   Solicitor 600 

A.ssistaut  Clerk  of  Police  Court 000 


Engineer  at  Police  Station $600 

Two  Turnkeys  at  Police  Station  (each) 600 

Janitor  at  Police  Station 540 

Janitor  at  City  Offices 480 

Per  Month. 
Assistant  City  Civil  Engineer  (when  employed),!    100 

Harbor  Master 50 

Director  of  Infirmary 80 

Same  for  horse  keeping 20 

Assistant  Engineer  at  Police  Station  35 

One  Battery  man . 50 

Captains  of  Fire  Companies 25 

Engineers  of  Steam  Fire  Engines 65 

Drivers  of  Hose  Carts 55 

Drivers  of  Steam  Fire  Engines 55 

Drivers  Hook  and  Ladder  Trucks 55 

Full-pay  Pipemen  and  Firemen 55 

Hosemen,  first  year  — 15 

Hosemen.  after  first  year 20 

Hook  and  Ladder  men,  first  year 15 

Hook  and  Ladder  men,  after  first  year 20 

Superintendent  Fire  Alarm  Telegraph 55 

Per  Day, 
Rod  men,  when  employed 1 $  2  '25 

PROCEEDINGS   OF   CITY   COUNCIL. 

Something  of  the  start  of  the  Municijjal 
Government  of  Toledo  will  be  shown  by 
the  following  abstract  of  the  proceedings  of  the 
City  Council  from  its  organization  in  1837,  until 
the  year  1846. 

The  first  ordinance  of  special  interest  passed 
by  the  Council,  was  that  of  April  24,  1837,  for 
the  levj'  of  taxes  on  personal  property,  in 
which,  among  other  things,  it  was  provided, 
that  anj-  person  failing  to  make  full  return  of 
such  property  slionld  be  taxed  three  times  the 
regular  rates. 

May  22,  1837,  a  Committee  was  appointed 
"to  enquire  if  there  were  any  burying-grounds 
within  the  City." 

May  29,  1837,  a  Committee  was  selected  to 
ascertain  the  expense  of  procuring  two  fire 
engines  for  the  use  of  the  City  ;  and  that  the 
Committee  on  Health  "examine  the  various 
pools  of  standing  water  in  ditferent  sections  of 
the  City,  and  take  measures  for  drying  up  or 
draining  the  same." 

July  17,  1837,  provision  was  made  for  the 
fir.st  liay-scales  in  Toledo — one  for  the  "South- 
west Ward  "  (Port  Lawrence),  near  the  Toledo 
House  (corner  Summit  and  Perry  streets)  ;  and 
another  for  "the  Northeast  Ward  (Vistula), 
near  the  Mansion  House,  of  Ezra  B.  Dodd" 
(now  385  Summit  street).  The  fee  for  weighing 
hay  was  fixed  at  25  cents  per  load.  Eos  well 
C.  Cheney  was  appointed  weigher  tor  tiie 
former,  and  E.  B.  Dodd  for  the  latter  scales. 

The  first  ordinance  tor  regulating  Fei'ries 
across  the  Mauniee  at  Toledo,  was  passed  July 
17,  1837.  It  required  a  license  for  such  pur- 
pose, the  hours  for  ferrying  lieing  fixed  from 
sunrise  to  sundown.  The  charges  established 
were  as  follows :  From  April  1st  to  November 
1st,  12i  cents  for  each  person  ;  for  man  and 
horse,  25  cents;  for  single  vehicle,  37^  cents ; 
for  tw^o-horse  or  two-ox  wagon,  50  cents;  for 


392 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


oadi  additional  horso  or  ox,  (1}  cents  ;  for  cacli 
head  of  horned  cattle,  GJ  cents,  and  for  each 
sheep  or  hoi;-,  3  cents 

The  tirst  expenditure  hy  the  new  City  was 
for  furniture,  ]jaid  tor  in  .September,  1837.  It 
was  furnished  by  Wm.  R.  Hoyt,  then  Cahiuet- 
niaker  in  Toledo,  and  now  (1887)  a  resident  of 
the  City.  It  consisted  of  a  table  and  chairs 
sutficieiit  for  the  members,  and  amounted  to 
833.00.  The  tirst  record  books  were  bought  of 
Sanford  &  Lott,  of  Cleveland,  the  bill  being 
§28.00.  At  that  time  tiiere  were  no  blank  book 
manufacturers  nearer  to  Toledo  than  Cleveland, 
and  but  one  such  there. 

October  0,  1837,  an  ordinance  was  passed 
prohibiting,  under  penalties,  "  ball,  nine  or 
ten-pin  alleys  ;"  also  "  billiards,  roulette,  or  any 
other  table  "or  instrument  or  device  used  or  to 
bo  used  for  the  purpose  (if  gaming  or  gambling." 

The  tirst  School  Districts  in  the  City  wej-c 
established  September  25,  1837,  and  were  as 
ibllovvs  :  The  tirst  District,  that  portion  of  the 
City  East  of  Locust  Street;  the  second  District, 
that  portion  between  Locust  and  Adams;  and 
the  Third  District,  the  portion  West  of  Adams 
Street. 

The  tirst  bill  for  rent  paid  by  the  City  of  To- 
ledo, was  that  of  Richard  Mott,  for  the  room 
which  the  Council  occupied  from  May  Ist  to 
November  1st,  1837,  the  amount  being  ^25.00, 
At  a  subsequent  period  during  the  occupancy 
of  the  room,  an  agreement  was  made  with  Mr. 
Mott,  that  the  Council  should  have  the  same 
for  one  year  without  charge,  provided,  that 
during  the  year  no  City  taxes  should  be  levied. 
This  agreement  was  carried  out,  the  City  pay- 
ing no  rent,  and  the  Council  levying  no  taxes 
for  that  year — a  plan  which  could  hardly  bo 
adopted  successfully  at  this  time. 

January  29,  1838,  the  City  was  divided  into 
three  Wards,  viz.;  First  Ward,  all  that  portion 
lying  East  of  Locust  Street;  the  Second  Ward, 
that  portion  between  Locust  and  Madison 
Streets;  and  the  Third  Ward,  that  part  South 
and  West  of  Madison  Street. 

February  14,  1838,  the  ]rdy  for  the  several 
City  officials  was  fixed,  as  follows  :  The  Treas- 
urer, two  per  cent,  upon  all  moneys  received 
and  paid  out  by  him  ;  the  Clerk,  $100  for  10 
months;  Marshal,  $40;  Deputy  Marshal,  $20; 
Attorney,  $40;  Collector,  five  per  cent,  on  col- 
lections. 

The  first  statement  of  the  receipts  and  ex- 
penses of  the  City  of  Toledo  will  be  of  interest 
here.  It  was  made  February  24, 1838,  covered 
10^  mouths  of  time,  and  is  as  follows: 

1S38.    Feb.  19.    By  cash  paid  the  Mayor  for 

licenses  by  exhibitors $     35  00 

"  "      "     By  Cash  from  City  Collector.    l,8(i»  93 

1837.    Sept.  86,    To  paid  W    R.  Hoyt,  bill  for 

furniture  for  Council-room  $       33  (lO 

"  "      *'     Sanford  &  Lott,  for  stationery  2«  (lU 

"         "      "     Hoisington    A    Manning,    for 

Engine  House  No.  1 08  00 

18.S8.    Feb.  13.    Toledo  Wade,  printing  char- 
ter   30  00 

Peckham  &  Co ,    freight   on 
engines -. s«  00 


1838.  Feb.  13.  R  Mott,  Jr.,  rent  of  Council- 
room  

'*  "  24.  Hoisington  A  Manning,  build- 
ing Knginc-house  No.  2 

"  "  "  C.  Conistock,  services  as  Col- 
lector   

"         "      "     Treasurer's  fees 

"         "      "     Balance  in  Treasury _ 


25  00 

13  00 

ns  00 

MT  SO 

1 .475  20 


An  examination  made  in  March,  1838, 
showed  tlie  contents  of  the  City  treasuiy  to 
consist  of  the  following  : 

Miehittan  Bank  Notes— Merchants  Bank  of  .Tackson 
County,  |1U();  Lenawee  County  Bank,?.')4  ;  Cold  Water 
Bank,  $14;  Farmers  Bank  of  Genesee  County.  $2(1; 
.lackson  County  Bank,  $39;  Saginaw  City  Bank,  $3  ; 
Farmers'  Bank  of  Sandstone,  $10.3 ;  Lapeer  Bank, 
$10;  Bank  of  Mancliester,  $4<l.  Edward  Bi.ssell's 
notes,  $100 ;  Edward  Bissell's  check  on  Lenawee 
Bank,  $600.    Total,  $993. 

A  resolution  then  offered  that  the  Treasurer 
receive  no  more  Michigan  Bank  notes,  except 
those  of  the  old  Banks  of  that  State,  was  lost 
in  the  Council,  on  a  voto  of  3  to  4.  How  much 
the  character  of  the  City's  assets  had  to  do 
with  the  liberal  balance  (apparently)  on  hand, 
is  a  matter  of  opinion  only.  The  view  sug- 
gested, however,  has  some  support  in  the  fact 
that  at  that  time  John  Fitch,  Esq.,  as  agent  of 
creditors  of  the  City  to  the  amount  of  $800, 
made  the  ofter  to  take,  at  a  discount  of  20  per 
cent.,  such  of  the  funds  then  in  the  treasury  as 
ho  should  deem  current;  whereupon,  the  Coun- 
cil oftered  a  discount  of  15  per  cent.  Atthe.same 
time  a  second  resolution  not  to  take  any  more 
"Michigan  Wild  Cat"  money,  was  voted 
down — 4  to  5.  July  5,  1838,  it  was  resolved  to 
send  all  Michigan  Bank  notes  then  in  the  Citj' 
treasury  home  for  redemption,  and  those  of 
Banks  susjjended  to  the  receivers  of  the  same. 

February  15,  1838,  Judges  of  Election  were 
appointed  as  follows:  Wtird  1,  Ezrti  B.  Dodd, 
Luke  Draper,  Leauder  Hill  ;  2,  Emery  D.  Pot- 
ter, ElishaH.  P^assett,  Joseph  B.  Gardner  ;  3,  J. 
M.  Whitney,  Austin  A.  Hill,  Oliver  Stevens. 

May  28,  1838,  Ahira  G.  Hibbard  was  author- 
ized to  expend  $300  "  on  Lagrange  street  across 
Mud  Creek  Valley," 

March  26,  1838,  steps  were  taken  for  pro- 
viding the  pioneer  hearse  of  the  City. 

Ain-il  2,  1838,  Maj-or  Berdan,  by  special 
message,  called  attention  of  the  Council  to  the 
propriety  of  preventing  "  the  selling  of  spirit- 
ous  liquors  in  small  measure  by  stores  and 
grog-shops  in  the  City,"  when  Alderman  E.  D. 
Potter  moved  the  apjjointuient  of  a  Committee 
on  that  subject,  which  consisted  of  Messrs.  Pot- 
ter, Conistock  and  Segur.  A]iril  9th  a  peti- 
tion from  68  citizens,  asking  for  such  legisla- 
tion, was  presented.  April  23d,  an  ordinance 
for  such  purpose  was  jjassed  on  the  following 
vote  ;  Yeas — Messrs.  Chas.  E.  Brintnall, 
Stephen  B.  Comstock,  Munson  H.  Daniels, 
Leander  Hill,  and  Emery  D.  Potter.  Nays — 
Messrs.  Caleb  F,  Abbott,  Elijah  Porter  and 
Daniel  Segur, 


TOLEDO'S  START  AND  PROGRESS. 


393 


As  the  first  definite  action  by  the  Toledo  City 
Council  on  a  matter  which  has  ever  since,  is 
now,  and  promises  loui;  to  be,  a  source  of 
division  and  controvei'S3-,  it  is  deemed  proper 
here  to  record  the  law  on  that  subject  thus 
adopted  at  the  outset  of  Toledo's  municipal 
history-.     It  is  as  follows  : 

An  Ordinance  to  proliibit  the  selling  or  giving  away 
of  any  Ardent  Spirits,  to  be  drank  at  any  of  the 
places  therein  named,  and  to  prohibit  disorderly 
assemblages  and  riots. 

Section  1.  Be  it  ordained  by  the  Mayor  and  Coun- 
cil of  the  City  of  Toledo,  that  from  and  after  due 
publication  of  this  ordinance,  it  shall  be  unlawful  for 
any  storekeeper,  trader  or  grocer  within  the  limits  of 
the  City  of  Toledo,  to  sell  or  give  away  any  ardent 
spirits,  to  be  drank  in  any  shop,  store,  grocery,  out- 
house, yard  or  garden,  owned  or  occupied  by  the 
person  selling  or  giving  away  the  same;  except  by 
inn-keepers  duly  licensed  by  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  of  the  County  of  Lucas. 

Section  2.  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any 
person  within  the  limits  of  said  city  to  sell  or  give 
away  any  anient  spirits  or  other  intoxicating  liquors, 
to  any  clnld,  apprentice  or  servant,  without  the  con- 
sent of  his  or  her  parent,  guardian,  master  or  mis- 
tress, or  to  any  Indian. 

Section  3.  Any  and  every  person  offending 
against  the  provisions  of  either  of  the  above  sections, 
shall  forfeit  and  pay  to  and  for  the  use  of  said  City, 
any  sum  not  exceeiiing  $.30,  not  less  than  $25,  in  the 
discretion  of  the  Court  having  jurisdiction  thereof, 
together  with  the  cost  of  suit. 

May  22, 1838,  the  Council  provided  for  a  ferry 
across  Swan  Creek,  at  the  place  near  Superior 
Street  where  Harmon  Crane  formerly  had  a 
feny  ;  for  which  purpose  a  "  scow  boat,  with 
rope  and  other  necessary  appointments,"  were 
to  be  supplied  by  the  Street  Commissioner,  the 
whole  not  to  exceed  SIOO.  Mr.  Crane  was 
elected  as  ferryman,  and  the  charges  were  fixed 
as  follows : 

For  each  person,  3  cents;  man  and  horse, 6 cents  ; 
single  horse  and  vehicle,  9  cents  ;  two  horses  or  two 
oxen  and  vehicle,  12J2  cents;  each  additional  horse 
3  cents  ;  each  head  of  cattle,  hogs,  &c.,  1  cent.  The 
ferryman  was  to  have  one-half  of  the  receipts  and 
pay  all  expen.ses,  including  repairs. 

May  26,  1838,  it  was  resolved  "  that  all  appli- 
cations for  the  privilege  to  exhibit  natural  or 
artificial  curiosities,  caravans,  circuses,  or  the- 
atrical performances  within  the  City,"  be  re- 
ferred to  the  Mayor,  who  was  to  charge  such 
license  as  he  might  see  fit. 

The  first  step  taken  for  protection  against 
infectious  disease  was  the  appointment,  August 
9,  1838,  of  a  Council  Committeeto  "takecharge 
of  all  persons  infected  or  subject  to  be  infected 
with  the  small-pox." 

Provision  was  first  made  for  a  corporate  seal 
for  the  City,  October  20,  1838,  viz.:  "  A  scroll- 
seal,  with  the  letters  '  L.  S.'  inserted  therein." 

A  bill  for  "cleaning  out  ditch  from  the  River 
to  the  Canal  in  rear  of  the  Post  Office"  ($40.25), 
was  allowed  November  26,  1838. 

The  petition  of  citizens  asking  that  the  Coun- 
cil "  regulate  the  weight  and  quality  of  bread 

26 


and  the  selling  and  measuring  of  wood,"  was 
denied,  November  26,  1838. 

January  21,  1839,  provision  was  made  for 
employing  a  Surveyor  "to  survej'  and  lot  out 
the  grounds  given  the  City  for  burial  purposes 
by  the  Port  Lawrence  Company,"  and  that  the 
same  be  fenced. 

The  first  regular  survej'  of  the  City  and  a 
map  of  the  same  were  jn-ovided  for  March  21, 
1839. 

On  the  i-etirement  of  Maj-or  Berdan,  March 
6,  1839,  the  Council  tendered  him  its  thanks 
"  for  tiie  impartial  and  dignified  manner  in 
which  he  had  presided  over  that  body." 

In  June,  1839,  the  matter  of  Idank  books  and 
stationery  was  considered  by  the  City  Council, 
and  a  resolution  adopted  authorizing  the  Clerk 
to  procure  of  Sanford  &  Lott,  of  Cleveland, 
"  upon  the  credit  of  the  Citj',"  one  substantial 
full-bound  record,  containing  eight  quires, 
ruled,  and  lettered  "Tax  Records,  City  of  To- 
ledo;" one  lialf-bound  bookof  three  quires,  let- 
tered "  Tax  Duplicate,  City  of  Toledo;"  one 
half-bound  three-quire  blotter  ;  one  ream  best 
ruled  cap  paper;  one-half  ream  second  quality 
ruled  cap-paper  ;  one-half  ream  best  ruled  letter 
paper;  100  good  quills ;  three  bottles  of  ink; 
and  one-half  pound  of  wafers.  Such  stock  of 
stationery — aside  from  wafers — would  not  now 
last  very  long. 

In  December,  1839,  the  City  Council  allowed 
the  following  pay  to  Assessors  of  property  for 
taxation;  To  M.  H.  Daniels,  125.50;  P.  H. 
Shaw,  $18;  B.  H.  Fassett,  $18;  Luke  Draper, 
$6.  At  the  same  time  L.  S.  Lownsbury  was 
paid  $5  for  prosecuting  cases  for  the  City ;  Dr. 
Jacob  Clark,  $3,  for  services  at  three  elections; 
and  C.  W.  Hill,  $33.15,  for  services  as  City 
Clerk. 

The  first  recognition  of,  and  aid  granted  by 
the  City  to,  a  military  Comj^any,  consisted  in 
an  aijprofiriation  of  $150,  for  the  "  Toledo  Citi- 
zens' Corps,"  for  the  purchase  of  equipments, 
July  29,  1839.  The  Company  probably  was  the 
predecessor  of  the  Toledo  Guards,  organized 
in  1840. 

The  matter  of  the  removal  of  the  County- 
scat  from  Toledo  to  Maumee  being  then  ac- 
tively canvassed,  the  Toledo  City  Council  in 
1839'provided  "  a  contingent  fund  of  $80,  to 
defray  the  expenses  in  preventing  such  re- 
moval," and  appointed  Andrew  Palmer,  Daniel 
Segur,  Jacob  Clark  and  H.  D.  Mason,  to  ex- 
pend the  same. 

The  building  of  a  sidewalk  on  Monroe  Street, 
was  in  March,  1840,  declared  to  be  inexpedient, 
until  "  the  condition  of  the  treasury"  should 
become  better  known  to  the  Council,  and  the 
Summit  Street  work,  then  in  progress,  should 
be  completed. 

April  20,  1840,  license  was  granted  to  Wm. 
Consaul  to  keep  a  ferry  across  the  Maumee 
River,  from  the  foot  of  Adams  Street,  for  which 
he  was  to  pay  the  City  Clerk  50  cents. 


394 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


The  first  instjuice  in  Toledo  in  which  a  defi- 
cient fund  was  relieved  by  borrowing  from  an- 
other fund,  took  place  April  21,  1840,  when  a 
Sidewalk  fund  was  created,  in  order  that  money 
might  be  borrowed  from  the  general  fund  for 
the  relief  of  the  Summit  Street  sidewalk. 

July  ti,  1840,  the  Council  resolved  to  .suppress 
horse-racing  and  "  inordinate  driving  "  within 
the  City. 

A  resolution  was  adopted  November  16,1840, 
for  "  cutting,  clearing  and  burning  the  brush 
on  Mud  Creek,  as  soon  as  the  Creek  may  be 
frozen  sufficient  to  do  the  same  to  advantage." 
This  stream,  as  elsewhere  stated,  traversed  the 
low  grounds  between  Cherry  and  Monroe 
Streets,  in  a  measure  parallel  with  and  near  to 
Summit  Street. 

April  20,  1840,  the  Council  passed  an  ordi- 
nance defining  the  duties  of  the  City  Attorney 
and  fixing  his  compensation  and  that  of  the 
City  Marshal.  The  former  was  to  be  "  in  the 
broadest  sense  of  the  term,  the  Attorney  and 
Counselor  and  Legal  Agent  on  all  occasions, 
and  under  all  circumstances.''  For  every  suit 
which  he  managed  in  the  Mayor's  Court,  he 
was  to  receive  the  sum  of  $3.00,  and  such  other 
pay  as  the  Council  should  deem  reasonable.  The 
Marshal  was  allowed  50  cents  for  each  attend- 
ance on  the  sessions  of  the  Council,  and  other 
compensation  as  that  bodj"  might  deem  just. 

April  21,  1841,  a  Committee  wa.s  appointed 
to  report  plan  and  estimate  for  a  suitable  build- 
ing for  a  City  Hall. 

The  invitation  of  the  Toledo  Guards  for  the 
Mayor  and  Council  to  partake  of  "a  cold  colla- 
tion "  with  that  Comi^any,  July  5,  1841,  was 
accepted,  with  thanks  and  "  assurances  of  the 
high  consideration  in  which  the  Companj-  was 
held." 

October  12,  1841,  the  Council  adopted  reso- 
lutions of  high  appreciation  of  the  public  ser- 
vices and  private  worth  of  John  Berdan,  the 
first  Major  of  the  City. 

In  May,  1843,  Joseph  Jones  was  paid  by  the 
City  the  sum  of  SI. 00,  for  taking  an  enumera- 
tion of  the  population  of  the  Second  "Ward  of 
Toledo. 

May  15,  1843,  the  City  Marshal  was  allowed 
25  cents  for  serving  notice  for  special  meeting 
on  two  members  of  the  Council  — mileage,  five 
cents ;  two  readings,  20  cents. 

Februarj'  3,  1846,  the  Council  appropriated 
the  sum  of  1200,  for  sending  an  agent  to  Wash- 
ington to  secure  the  location  at  Toledo  of  a 
proposed  Naval  Depot  for  the  Lakes,  and  also 
to  secure  the  removal  of  the  Port  of  Entry  of 
Miami  from  Maumee  City  to  Toledo. 

The  brief  abstract  thus  given,  is  designed 
only  to  indicate  something  of  the  circumstances 
under  which  Municipal  Government  was  com- 
menced in  Toledo,  and  the  resources  at  hand 
for  such  beginning.  The  ways  and  means 
named  are  in  .striking  contrast  with  those 
which  attend  present  operations ;  but  whether 


in  all  respects  they  are  now  better,  is   matter 
for  consideration. 


JACOB  ROMEIS,  Eepresentativein  the  Con- 
gress of  the  United  States  from  the  Tenth  Dis- 
trict, Ohio,  was  born  in  Weisenbach,  Bavaria, 
December  1, 1835.  His  parents,  both  of  German 
nativity,  were  John  and  Elizabeth  Eomeis. 
The  familj'  came  to  the  United  States  in  1847, 
and  settled  at  Buffalo,  New  York.  The  father 
had  been  a  farmer  and  a  linen  weaver,  but  on 
coming  to  this  country  he  was  more  or  less  em- 
ployed in  tlie  quarry  interest  of  the  State  of 
New  York.  He  died  in  1869.  The  son  was 
then  13  years  of  age.  He  had  attended  the 
Village  School  in  Weisenbach,  as  required  by 
law,  from  his  sixth  year  until  the  familj'  left  for 
America.  At  Buffalo  he  attended  a  City  School 
for  one  year  and  a  German  Protestant  School 
for  a  time  after  his  first  communion.  The  cir- 
cumstances of  the  family  were  such  as  to  throw 
him  on  his  own  resources  for  support  when  he 
was  about  14  years  of  age,  at  which  time  he 
secured  a  position  as  Cabin -Boy  on  board  the 
Propeller  Oregon,  Captain  Thomas  Watts, 
running  between  Buffalo  and  Toledo  and  De- 
troit, his  first  visit  to  Toledo  being  in  August, 
1849.  From  1850  to  1856,  he  was  employed  on 
passenger  Steamers  commanded  by  Captains 
Watts,  Hazard,  Perkins,  Pheatt,  Willoughby 
and  Goldsmith,  the  last  named  having  aided 
him  to  a  position  as  Train  Baggageman  on  the 
Toledo  and  Wabash  Eailway,  in  1856.  After 
two  3"ear8'  service  in  that  capacity,  he  was  pro- 
moted to  that  of  Conductor  on  "Mixed" 
(frei.tcht  and  passenger)  trains,  and  in  1863  to 
the  charge  of  a  passenger  train.  In  1871  sick- 
ness compelled  him  to  leave  the  Eoad  for  a 
time,  when  he  was  apjjointed  General  Baggage 
Agent,  a  position  of  special  responsibility,  the 
entire  force  of  Baggagemen  and  all  baggage 
being  under  his  direction  and  care.  Such  was 
the  success  in  this  position  that  he  was  ap- 
pointed Depot  Master  at  Toledo,  and  given 
charge  of  all  passenger  train-men  on  the 
Eastern  Division  of  that  Road,  extending  from 
Toledo  to  Danville,  Illinoi.s.  This  position  he 
continued  to  hold  to  the  full  satisfaction  of  the 
management  of  the  Eoad,  until  he  was  elected 
to  Congress  in  1884.  In  every  place  assigned 
him  he  had  fully  met  the  expectations  of  his 
employers,  and  every  step  in  his  promotion 
came  unsought  by  him.  Mr.  Eomeis,  so  far 
from  being  a  politician  in  the  professional  sense 
of  the  term,  had,  from  youth,  been  averse  to 
political  activity,  and  deemed  himself  as  exer- 
cising the  elective  franchise  in  the  true  sense 
of  that  right, by  selecting  for  support  the  names 
of  candidates  on  all  tickets  whose  election  he 
deemed  most  assuring  of  the  public  good.  He 
was  first  a  candidate  for  public  office  in  April, 
1874,  when,  largely  through  the  efforts  of  Eail- 
waj"  associates,  he  was  nominated  for  Alderman 


i 


I 


k.Vc\^Sp!vV) 


TOLEDO'S  START  AND  PROGRESS. 


395 


from  the  Seventh  Ward.  Toledo,  and  was  elected 
by  a  handsome  majority.  So  successful  was  lie 
in  the  discharge  ot  the  duties  of  the  office,  that 
in  1876  he  was  re-elected,  and  in  1877  chosen 
Presidentof  the  Board  of  Aldermeti  In  1878  he 
■was  nominated  for  a  third  term,  but  yjositively 
declined.  The  next  j'ear  he  was  nominated 
for  Mayor  of  the  City,  under  circumstances 
\\hich  led  him  to  accept,  when  he-was  elected. 
During  the  terra,  he  devoted  himself  so  effi- 
ciently to  the  duties  of  the  office,  and  especially 
in  connection  with  the  finances  of  tlie  City, 
including  a  substantial  reduction  in  expendi- 
tures, that  he  was  re-elected  in  1881,  and  again 
in  1883.  During  this  term,  so  strong  had 
become  his  hold  on  the  confidence  of  the  people, 
both  in  Toledo  and  elsewhere,  that  he  was 
nominated  for  Congress  as  the  candidate  of  the 
liepublicans,  against  Frank  H.  Hurd,  then  in 
the  zenith  of  his  personal  strength.  The  Dis- 
trict was  stronglj-  Democratic,  that  party 
having  therein  a  majority  of  about  2,500.  The 
campaign  was  one  of  the  most  active  and 
earnest  known  in  the  District,  in  which  the 
personal  qualities  of  candidates  were  made 
epeciall}'  prominent.  No  attempt,  whatever, 
was  made  to  disparage  the  character  of  Mr. 
Romeis,  efl:brts  in  that  direction  having  been 
confined  to  attempts  at  belittling  his  literary 
attainments  in  connection  with  the  English 
language  and  his  knowledge  of  American 
methods.  As  a  self-supporting  and  self  respect- 
ing citizen— a  trusty,  industrious  agent- and 
faithful,  efficient  public  officer — he  was  bej'ond 
even  attempt  at  disparagement.  The  result 
was  the  election  of  Mr.  Romeis,  by  a  majority 
of  239  votes,  against  the  2,500  Democratic  ma- 
jority in  the  District.  Mr.  Hurd  matie  a  bitter 
and  persistent  contest  for  the  seat,  evidently 
reljing  for  success  upon  partisan  support  from 
the  large  Democratic  majority  in  the  House  of 
Representatives.  In  this  he  was  disappointed, 
since,  after  full  investigation,  the  Democratic 
Committee  on  Elections  reported  Mr.  Romeis 
to  have  been  legally  elected,  which  decision  was 
approved  by  the  House,  by  an  overwhelming 
majority.  In  1886  the  two  candidates  were 
again  pitted  against  each  other,  wlieii  the 
former  decision  of  the  electors  was  re-affirmed 
in  the  decisive  majority  for  Mr.  Romeis  of  1,588 
over  Mr.  Hurd.  The  vote  in  Lucas  County 
then  stood  as  follows:  Romeis,  8,887;  Hurd, 
6,653;  giving  the  former  a  majority  of  2,234; 
while  the  Republican  majority  in  the  County 
on  Secretary  of  State,  at  the  same  election,  was 
only  368.  Mr.  Romeis  recognizes,  in  the  issue 
of  Protection  or  Free  Trade,  the  most  important 
question  of  National  jjolicy,  and  his  attachment 
to  the  Republican  party  rests  chiefly  on  the 
position  of  that  organization  on  that  issue. 
His  view  of  the  matter  was  succinctly  given  in 
a  speech,  while  the  Free  Shipping  Bill  was 
under  discussion  in  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives.    He  then  said : 


Mr.  Chairman,  I  have  been  a  wage-worker  for  35 
years  or  more  as  a  Sailor  and  Railroad  man.  I  laid 
aside  the  lantern  to  take  a  si-at  in  the  Halls  of  Con- 
gress, and  when  I  leave  1  expect  to  take  up  one  of 
these  vocations  again.  But  while  I  have  a  voice  and 
a  vote  in  this  House,  I  sliall  not  give  it  for  a  propo- 
.sition  that  will  in  my  opinion  destroy  the  capital 
invested  in  American  industries,  thereby  throwing 
out  of  employment  thousands  of  workingmen  who 
are  directly  dependent  upon  that  capital.  For  that 
reason  I  shall  vote  against  this  bill.    [Applause.] 

Itcannot  besaid  that  Mr.  Romeis  is  an  orator. 
He  never  has  ]3racticed  or  studied  that  art; 
while  in  neither  his  native  nor  his  acquired 
tongue  has  his  acquisition  been  such  as  to 
justify  attempt  in  that  direction.  But  he  early 
learned,  and  always  has  practiced  the  straight- 
forward, frank  manner  of  expression,  whicli, 
more  than  the  highestattaininent  in  art,  reaches 
the  judgment  and  favor  of  men.  But  more 
than  that,  has  his  likesimple  and  direct  manner 
of  action,  in  private  and  public  attairs,  com- 
mended him  to  the  confidence  and  favor  of  his 
fellow-citizQns.  Habituallj-  considerate  of  the 
opinions  and  feelings  of  others,  he  has  never 
left  them  in  doubt  as  to  his  final  judgment  and 
jjurpose.  Strictly  honest  and  frank  in  his  own 
action,  he  has  sought  to  be  just  in  his  estimate 
of  the  action  of  others.  To  these  qualities,  and 
to  their  uniform  manifestation  in  his  active 
life,  is  chiefly  due  the  remarkable  degree  of 
favor  which  he  has  received  at  the  hands  of 
those  who  have  known  him  longest  and  best. 

ALEX  ANDER  HUNTINGTON  NEWCOMB, 
is  a  son  of  Eleazer  and  Sarah  (Taylor)  New- 
comb,  and  was  born  at  Waterloo,  Seneca 
County,  New  York,  August  6,  1824,  being  tho 
eighth  ot  a  family  of  nine  children.  His  father 
was  a  Carpenter  and  Joiner  by  trade.  When 
the  son  was  about  a  year  old,  his  parents  re- 
moved to  Rochester,  New  York,  where  they  re- 
mained eight  3'ears.  After  a  short  residence  in 
Buffalo  and  at  Detroit,  the  fiimily,  in  the  Fall 
of  1835,  came  to  Toledo,  then  a  young  Citv 
just  struggling  lor  life  and  recognition.  The 
father  died  at  Sylvania  in  1840,  the  mother 
living  until  afew  years  since,  and  dying  at  the 
age  of  88  years.  The  limited  School  privilege 
of  Alexander's  childhood  greatly  circumscribed 
his  educational  acquirements,  he  attending  for 
but  three  months  after  he  was  12  years  old, 
when  he  sat  out  upon  life's  activity.  His  first 
work  was  that  of  carrier  for  the  Blade  in  its 
earliest  daj's.  When  12  years  old,  he  became 
a  clerk  in  a  store,  where  he  remained  for  two 
3'ears — subsequently  occupj'ing  like  position 
in  a  Drng  and  Hardware  Store.  When  18 
3'ears  old,  he  began  an  apprenticeship  at  the 
Painter's  trade,  which  being  completed,  he 
opened  a  shop  on  the  Southwest  corner  of  Sum- 
mit and  Adams  Streets,  and  for  more  than  a 
quarter  of  a  century  was  successfull}'  and  ex- 
tensively engaged  in  house,  sign  and  orna- 
mental painting,  graining,  &c.     During  a  por- 


396 


lilSTOHY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


tion  of  the  year  185(5,  be  was  engaged  in  the 
Hardware  trade  on  the  corner  of  Monroe  and 
St.  Clair  Streets.  Mr.  Xewcomb  was  among 
the  earliest  nienibers  of  the  Independent  Fire 
Department  of  the  City,  being  connected  with 
old  "  No.  One,"  and  remained  actively  in  tliat 
relation  until  the  organization  of  the  paid 
Department.  lie  was  one  of  the  organizers  of 
the  first  Hook  and  Ladder  Company  of  Toledo, 
ill  1847,  and  now  is  one  of  three  surviving 
members  of  the  same.  With  a  love  for  the 
military,  he  joined  the  Toledo  Guards  in  1844. 
Two  years  later,  he  was  one  of  six  of  that  Com- 
pany, to  tender  their  seri-iees  to  the  Governor 
jbr  the  JMexican  War,  but  the  required  number 
had  been  supplied  when  their  offer  was  re- 
ceived. The  Toledo  Guards  did  much  toward 
awakening  and  maintaining  a  military  spirit 
among  the  young  men  ol  Toledo.  Many  suc- 
cessful officers  during  the  War  of  the  Rebellion 
received  their  first  military  training  in  that 
Company.  While  a  member  of  the  Gun-Squad 
ot  the  Guards,  Mr.  Newcomb  lost  his  left 
arm  in  firing  a  salute  at  a  Democratic  meeting, 
September  24,  1856.  He  remained  with  the 
Company  until  it  was  disbanded  in  1861. 
Prior  to  the  formation  of  the  Republican  party, 
Mr.  Newcomb  was  a  Whig  iu  politics,  but  has 
since  been  connected  with  the  Ibrmer,  and  has 
always  been  an  active  sup]:)orter  of  its  policy 
and  action.  In  1857  he  was  elected  as  Justice 
of  the  Peace,  serving  with  credit  for  three 
years.  In  1860,  he  was  chosen  Mayor  of 
Toledo,  in  which  office  he  was  earne.st  and 
efficient  in  the  maintenance  of  law  and  order 
and  sound  morals  as  the  Chief  Magistrate  of 
the  Cit}-,  in  which  he  was  supported  b}'  the 
better  element  of  the  City,  although  frequently 
brought  in  collision  with  the  vicious  and  the 
lawless,  whose  combined  action,  irrespective  of 
political  affiliations,  was  sufficient  to  defeat 
him  when  a  candidate  for  re-election  in  1862. 
In  1865  he  was  appointed  as  Deputy  Collector 
of  Internal  Revenue,  serving  until  1869.  It  is 
probably  in  connection  with  the  Masonic 
Order,  that  Mr.  Newcomb  has  become  most 
widely  known.  He  received  the  first  three  de- 
grees of  Masonry  in  Toledo  Lodge,  No.  144,  in 
1851,   and   soon    thereafter   filled    the    Senior 


Warden's  chair;  and  in  1854  was  elected  Wor- 
shipful Master  of  the  Lodge,  continuing  as 
such  to  and  including  the  j'ear  1860.  From 
1863  to  1869,  and  several  times  since,  he  has 
served  in  the  same  capacity,  making  a  total  of 
14  years  in  that  position,  and  longer  than  has 
any  other  member  of  the  Order  in  Toledo.  In 
1857,  with  five  others,  he  was  appointed  by 
Benj.  F.  Smith,  Grand  Master,  to  revise  the 
ritual,  which  service,  after  12  days  of  labor, 
produced  a  "work"  which,  with  few  changes, 
remains  the  standard  iu  Ohio.  At  the  same 
time,  he  was  appointed  as  District  Lecturer, 
for  the  Third  District,  including  15  Counties  in 
North '.western  Ohio,  which  position  he  held 
until  1869.  In  1867  he  was  chosen  Senior 
Grand  Warden,  and  re-elected  in  1868.  At  the 
session  of  1869,  be  was  elected  Most  Worship- 
lul  Grand  Master  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Ohio; 
and  in  1870  and  '71  was  re-elected.  At  the  re- 
ception tendered  the  Grand  Master  of  England 
at  Washington,  in  1871,  given  by  the  Grand 
Masters  of  the  several  States,  Mr.  Newcomb 
represented  the  Order  in  Ohio.  He  was 
among  the  projectors  of  the  Masonic  Temple 
Association,  and  has  been,  throughout,  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Board  of  Directors.  He  was  Super- 
intendent of  construction  of  the  Temple 
throughout  that  work.  He  was  also  one  of  the 
originators  of  the  Masonic  Relief  Association, 
of  which  he  has  been  a  Director  from  the  first. 
Since  April  20,  1886,  he  has  been  tlie  Secretary 
of  the  Association.  In  1866  he  was  presented 
by  the  members  of  Toledo  Lodge,  No.  144, 
with  a  beautiful  gold  watch,  as  a  testimonial  of 
ajjpreciation  of  his  services  to  the  Lodge.  For 
many  years  Mr.  Newcomb  was  connected  with 
the  Congregational,  and  alterwards  with  the 
Methodist  Church  ;  but  investigation  and  care- 
ful reflection  have  drawn  him  to  the  Spiritual- 
istic faith.  His  influence  has  always  been  on 
the  side  of  the  right,  in  whatever  cause.  He 
was  married  Maj'  14,  1848,  with  Susannah 
Horner,  of  Toledo.  Five  children  have  been 
born  to  them,  of  whom  but  two  are  living — 
Rosanna,  born  in  1849,  widow  of  the  late  Dr. 
Wm.  Douglass,  and  George  H.,  born  in  1851, 
now  Cashier  for  the  Michigan  Central  Town 
House  at  Toledo. 


PART    V. 

COMMUNICATION   AND   TRADB. 


I 


I 

4 


J 


r 

r 

i. 
i 


CHAPTER    I. 


RAILWAYS. 


IN  no  other  of  the  grout  dopartmcnts  of  enter- 
prise has  our  country  as  fully  led  tlio 
Nations  of  the  World,  as  in  the  facilities  for 
comniunicjition  licrc  produced.  This  pre-em- 
inence ajiplies  alike  on  land  and  water.  It 
would  not  be  in  i)lacc  here  to  undertake  to 
trace  the  progress  of  these  great  advances. 

The  tirsl  ihiilroad  consisted  of  wooden  rails, 
and  was  used  as  early  as  1672  at  the  collcries 
near  Nowcus'leupon  -  Tyne,  Scotland,  ujion 
which  four-wheeled  carts  were  drawn  by 
iiorses.  Iron  rails  were  first  used  at  White- 
haven, England,  in  1738.  The  first  important 
advance  in  Railway  construction  consisted  of 
the  Surro}'  Railway — from  the  banks  of  the 
Thames  at  Wandsworth  to  Croydon,  in  1801. 
The  fii'st  suggestion  of  steam  as  motive  power 
for  Jxailways  was  by  Watt,  in  175!) ;  and  Oliver 
Evans  of  I'hiladelphia,  patented  a  steam- 
wagon  in  1782.  t4eo.  Stephenson's  locomotive 
— the  most  important  advance  in  that  direc- 
tion—was constructed  in  1814,  which  moved 
six  miles  per  hour.  In  1829  Ste])honson's 
machine  was  improved  to  travel  35  miles  per 
hour.  The  first  passenger  Railway  was  the 
Stockton  and  Darlington,  opened  in  Septem- 
ber, 1825,  which  was  followed  by  the  Liver- 
pool anti  Manchester,  1830. 

As  might  be  supposed,  very  crude,  and  now 
seemingly  ludicrous  ideas  of  Railroads  pre- 
vailed at  the  outset  of  the  development  of  that 
great  agency  of  trade  and  civiization.  In  illus- 
tration of  tills  view  may  be  quoted  a  pamphlet 
issued  in  Pennsylvaniain  1825,  for  the  jJurpose 
of  giving  reliable  information  on  the  subject  of 
Railroads.  The  paper  contained  the  following 
j)oint8  in  that  connection: 

1.  An  Engine  weighing  eight  tons  and  of  eight- 
horse  power,  will  draw  45  tons  loaded  on  cars  at  the 
rate  of  three  miles  per  hour,  each  car  carrying  three 
U)  four  tuns. 

'2.  Hills  whose  angles  of  assent  are  moderate,  are 
not  such  serious  obstacles  in  Kailroads  as  many 
eiToiieousl}'  suppose.  This  is  apparent  from  the 
well-known  law  uf  gravitation,  tliat  hodies  gain  in 
descending  exactly  the  power  expended  in  their 
elevation.  Hence,  mountain  districts  oti'er  but  very 
inconsiderable  obstacles  to  l{ailways  ;  and  in  many 
cases,  far  from  ottering  obstacles,  they  materiallly 
contribute  to  the  success  of  Railways,  viz.:  in  tie- 
scents.  [Experience,  among  the  "  mountain  dis- 
tricts "  of  Pennsylvania,  has  hardly  borne  out  the 
theory  so  admirably   titted  to  their  needs. — Editor.] 

:!.  The  cost  one  set  of  rails  of  cast  iron,  is  -flU,- 
000  per  niilp,  or  a  single  wooden  Kailway  guarded 
by  iron  bars,  will  cost  only  $4,000— double  $7,000. 

4.     Hallways  require  few  Superintendents. 


5.  Mountains  of  great  elevation  offer  few  obstacles 
to  Railways. 

t>.  The  health  of  a  country  is  not  injured  by 
Railways. 

7.  fJust  is  almost  unknown  on  Railways. 

8.  ft  horses  are  used  on  a  Railwav,  the  expense 
of  transjiorting  100  tons  of  mercliandise,  adding  50 
per  cent,  (the  weight  of  the  cars),  a  distance  of  100 
miles  in  four  days,  will  be  .l.'iO,  charging  the  horse 
and  driver  at  75  cents  \H'r  day.  H  the  horses  are 
charged  at37J2'  cents  per  day  the  cost  will  be  $20.25. 
To  transport  the  same  weight  in  20i^ hours  100  miles, 
by  locomotive  steam-engine,  when  coal  is  10  cents 
per  bushel,  the  cost  will  be  $15.00. 

9.  Some  of  the  engines  in  Great  Britain  can 
perform  a  distance  of  100  miles  in  10  hours. 

10.  fn  some  cases  a  descending  load  can  elevate 
an  ascending  load  of  less  weight  1,000  feet  in  one 
minute. 

The  first  American  Railway  was  formally 
opened  at  Boston,  October  7,  1826.  It  was  the 
(^uincy  Road,  built  to  carry  granite  from  the 
nearest  (piarries  at  Quiucy  to  tide-water,  and, 
with  its  branches  was  four  miles  long.  Its 
gauge  was  five  feet,  and  it  was  o])orated  with 
horses.  The  Boston  Advertiser,  in  its  reportof 
the  opening,  stated  that  a  quantity  of  stone  (16 
tons)  loailed  on  three  wagons  weighing  five 
tons,  making  21  tons  in  all,  was  moved  with 
ease  by  a  single  horse  a  distance  of  three  miles. 
It  was  a  down  grade,  but  one  that  did  not  pre- 
vent the  horse  drawing  the  empty  wajjons 
back.  "  After  the  starting  of  the  load,  which 
required  some  ex'ertion,  the  horse  moved  with 
ease  on  a  fast  walk."  The  construction  of  the 
Road  is  thus  described  : 

It  rests  upon  a  foundation  of  stone,  laid  so  deep 
in  the  groimd  as  to  be  beyond  the  reach  of  frost,  and 
to  secure  the  rails  on  which  the  car  runs  against  any 
change  in  tlieir  position,  they  are  laid  upon  stones 
eight  feet  long,  placed  transversely  along  the  whole 
extent  of  the  Road,  at  distances  of  six  to  eight  feet 
a|iart.  The  space  between  those  stones  is  filled  with 
smaller  stones  or  earth;  and  over  the  whole,  between 
the  rails  a  gravel  path  is  made.  The  rails  are  made 
of  pine  timber,  on  the  top  of  which  is  placed  a  bar  of 
iron.  Tlie  carriages  run  upon  the  iron  bars,  and  are 
Icept  in  place  by  a  projection  on  the  inner  edge  of  the 
tire  of  the  wheels,  which  are  of  a  size  considerably 
larger  than  a  comnicm  cart-wheel. 

The  Albany  j4r;/(/?, in  reproducing  the  above, 
expressed  the  liopc  that  "the  enterprising  pro- 
jectors of  the  Mohawk  and  Hudson  Railway" 
tnigh  have  the  honor  of  the  second  work  of  the 
kind  in  this  country. 

The  Miner's  Journal  (Philadelphia),  in  June, 
1827,  announced  the  completion  of  the  Mauch 
Chunk    Railway,     13    miles   in    length,     that 


[397] 


Sits 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


boing  si'coiid  in  tho  United  States.  Mention 
wa.s  niaiio  of  tiirco  sets  of  cars  having  boon 
•'sent  down"  the  Koad,  20  cars  in  all.  For 
most  of  the  distance  the  track  was  an  inclined 
]ilaiu',  tiioiitrh  for  part  of  the  wuy  horses  were 
used  to  drag  the  cars  to  the  top  of  tho  iiill, 
whence  the  cars  to  tlic  niunbcr  of  six  or  sc^ven, 
were  attached  and  laiuiched  upon  the  descend- 
ing track,  which  they  traversed  in  sonic  i)arts 
wilh  great  velocity,  of  their  own  gravity,  for 
four  or  five  miles,  when  horses  took  them  to  a 
eliute  having  a  capacity  of  1,00(1  tons  of  coal. 
The  grade  ot  the  road  was  over  100  feet  to  the 
mile.  Three  horses  in  August,  1827,  in  six 
carriages  drew  41  ])ersons  up  the  grade,  lie- 
turning  without  horses,  the  train  made  the  tirst 
Al  miles  in  It)  minutes.  The  track  was  de 
.sjribed  as  but  a  siielf  in  the  side  of  a  very  pre- 
cipitous mountain,  500  to  GOO  feet  above  the 
V^alley.  Coal  cars  were  not  allowed  to  move 
faster  than  five  to  eight  miles  per  hour. 

The  l?allimoro  and  Ohio  Itailroad,  com- 
menced July  4,  182S,  was  so  far  advanced  by 
the  2Sth  of  i>eceniber,  1S29,  that  on  thai  day  a 
trial  took  ])lace  on  a  few  miles  of  track  between 
Pratt  street,  Baltimore,  and  Carrolton  Via- 
duct. The  motive  power  was  horses,  one  of 
which  drew  two  Wiuan  carriages  containing 
41  ])erson8,  moving  a  i)art  of  the  time  at  the 
rale  of  10  to  11  miles  per  hour.  Another  car- 
riage, with  25  per.sons.  was  drawn  at  the  rate 
of  12  miles  per  hour. 

In  1S21I,  six  miles  of  the  Charleston  and  Sa- 
vannah Railroad  was  constructed. 

The  tirst  successful  Railroad  in  this  country 
for  carrying  passengers,  Avas  the  Mohawk  and 
Hudson,  between  Albany  and  Schenectady. 
The  charter  of  the  Company  was  granted  by 
the  Legislature,  March  2ti,  1829.  Stephen  Van 
Rcnnsselaer,  the  old  Patroon,  was  the  leading 
cap)italist  in  what  was  then  considered  a  vis- 
sionary  scheme.  Work  upon  its  construction 
began  Jul}'  29,  1830,  and  may  be  said  to  have 
been  completed  September  24,  1831.  An  ex- 
cursion over  the  Road  was  then  given  b}'  the 
Directors,  to  which  were  invited  State  and 
City  officials  and  eminent  citizens. 

This  cut  is  said  to  be  a  faithful  representation 
of  the  train  used  upon  this  occasion.  The  cars 
were  simply  stage  coach  bodies  made  by  James 
Gould,  coach-builder,  and  placed  upon  trucks 
for  temporary  use,  affording  seats  for  12  or  18 


])assengers   each.     A   speed  at  the  rate  of  30 
miles  an  hour  was  reached. 

This  Road,  as  at  tirst  coiistrucletl,  extended 
from  the  juMction  of  the  Western  Turn])ikc  and 
Lydius  Street,  Albany,  a  distance  of  12i  miles, 
to  the  br(<w  of  the  hill  at  Schenectady.  Both 
of  these  jxiints  were  firstreached  by  slages,  and 
afterward  bj'  an  incliiied  jilane,  on  which  |ias. 
sengers  were  carried  to  tlie  Railroad  stations 
in  a  car  drawn  with  a  rope,  hy  means  of  a 
stalioneiy  engine.  The  Albany  Station  was 
where  Van  Vechten  Hall  now  stands.  Some 
j'ears  Liter  the  grade  of  the  Road  was  .so  much 
reduced  that  the  inclined  planes  were  done 
awa\'  with  and  the  Road  constructed  over  them. 
The  use  of  the  Streets  for  Railway  travel  was 
oi)])osed  with  varying  success  by  the  Comunjn 
Council  and  many  citizens.  The  starting  point 
on  the  River  was  at  Gansevoort  Street. 

The  Chief  Engineer  of  this  pioneer  lioad  was 
the  late  .IoIiti  B.  Jervis,  whose  name  is  .so 
closely  identified  with  the  Jxailway  interests  of 
Toledo,  he  having  been  Chief  Engineer  in  the 
construction  of  the  Air  Line  branch  of  what  is 
now  the  Toledo  and  Chicago  connection  of  the 
Lake  Shore  Railroad.  He  was  also  the  Director 
and  the  I'resideiit  of  the  Michigan  Southern 
and  ISoi'thern  Indiana  Road,  subseiinently 
merged  into  the  Lake  Shore  and  Michigan 
Southern. 

The  tirst  Railway  iiroject  in  which  Northern 
Ohio  was  directly  interested,  was  pro])osed  in 
1829.  Colonel  DeWitt  Clinton,  a  ]ironiinent 
Civil  Engineer  of  New  York,  then  ]irepared  a 
statement,  with  estimates,  for  a  Railroad  to 
start  from  that  City,  and  ])ass  to  and  up  the 
Tioga  River,  intersect  the  head-waters  of  the 
Genesee  and  Aleghany  Rivers  ;  thence  to  I^akc 
Erie,  and  crossing  the  Cuyahoga  at  Cleveland, 
pass  Westward,  crossing  the  Sandusky,  Mau- 
mee  and  Wabash  Rivers,  and  to  its  terminus  at 
the  mouth  of  Rock  River  on  the  Mississipjji. 
The  distance  was  given  at  1,050  miles,  and  the 
cost  at  $15,000,000,  or  about  S15,000  per  mile. 
It  was  calculated  that  freight  trains  would 
traverse  the  line  in  nine  days,  and  that  tho 
rates  of  transportation  would  be  $1.73  jjer  100 
pounds,  or  $35.60  per  ton  over  tho  Road. 

Soon  after  this,  another  project,  for  substan- 
tially the  same  route,  was  suggested.  It  was 
for  tiie  road-bed  to  consist  of  piles  driven  in 
the  grouiul,  10  feet  apart,  on  which  were  to  be 


PIONKEH   r.VSSENGER  KAILW.^.Y   TRAIN   OF   A.MEKK'A. 


RAILWAYS. 


399 


plitfcd,  odgowisu,  pliuiks  of  hard  wouil,  niiio  by 
tliruo  iiicbos,  wliich  furiii.shod  the  tracks,  (if 
winch  there  were  to  be  lour.  The  wtrueture 
was  to  consist  wholly  of  wood,  the  nuts  and 
liolls  bein<i;  the  only  iron  used.  The  total  es- 
timated costof  the  J'ioad  was  l'J0(;,950,  of  which 
anioiuil  ?532,.S0(J  was  allowed  for  riglit  of  way, 
leaving  only  1374,150,  or  |o74  per  mile,  for  the 
coniplctcd  work.  The  items  making  u])  the 
cost  ot  construction  were  as  follows:  Lease  of 
mills  to  saw  planks,  |1,<S50  ;  getting  out  posts, 
131,400;  bolts  and  nuts,  |211,:i()0;  leveling 
|iosls  and  laj'ing  rails,  |()2,800  ;  setting  jiosts, 
131,400;  sawing,  »35,500  —  total,  1374,150. 
Chimerical  as  this  ju'oject  appears  in  D-iST,  it 
was  substanliallj'  the  same  in  its  general  fea- 
tures as  that  of  the  Ohio  Railroad,  undertaken 
a  few  years  later,  and  referred  to  elsewhere. 

The  co.st  of  transportation  between  New 
York  ami  St.  Louis  at  that  time  was  as  follows: 
By  water,  from  St.  Louis  toJMcw  York,  via  New 
Orleans,  145  ])er  ton;  and  from  New  York  to 
St.  Louis,  fSO  — the  average  being  $(;2.50, 
against  $34.75,  the  estimate  by  the  proposed 
Road.  The  rate  over  the  Manchester  and  Liv- 
orjiool  Iioad,  Kngland  (34  miles),  was  at  that 
time  11.12  per  ton.  Tlie  time  then  required 
for  freight.  New  York  to  St.  JjouLs  via  the  Brie 
Canal  and  the  Lakes,  was  5(i  days,  and  by  New 
Orleans,  105  days.  Estimating  the  Railway 
train  to  move  Hvc  miles  ]ier  hour,  it  would 
occupy  about  IS  days  in  going  and  returning. 
Beyond  this  estimate,  nothing  came  of  the 
"Great  Western  Railway"  of  1820. 

The  first  Railway  charters  in  Ohio  were 
granted  by  the  Legislature  in  1832,  and  were 
as  Ibllows : 

Richmond,  Eaton  and  Miami. 

Mail  liivci-  and   fake  Erie  (Sandu.slvy  to  Dayton). 
Port  t^lintiiuand  Jjuwer  Sandusky  (now  Fremont). 
FrankHn.  Sjiringburongh  and  Wilmington  ((Jolum- 
bus  tu  \Vilmin{iton). 
Erie  and  Uliio. 

Ooluinbus.  Delaware,  Marion  and  Sandusky. 
Cincinnati  and  St.  Louis. 
Cineinnati,  Harrison  and  Indianapolis. 
Pennsylvania  and  Ohio. 
Milan  and  Norwalk  (4^  miles). 
Milan  and  C'olunLljus. 
(Jhiliicothe  and  Lebanon. 

The  only  one  of  those  projects  constructed, 
was  the  Mad  River  and  Lake  Erie,  on  which 
work  was  commenced  in  1S35,  the  occasion 
being  attended  with  much  ilenionstration  at 
Sandusky,  General  Wm.  H.  Harrison  moving 
the  first  shovel  of  earth.  The  Road  was  oi)oned 
to  liellevue  (16  miles)  in  1830  ;  and  through  to 
Daj'ton  in  1844. 

THE  PIONEER  RAILWAY  OF  THE  WEST. 

The  progress  of  Railway  improvement  had 
reachcti  but  229  miles  of  completed  line  in  the 
United  States,  when  in  1832,  the  first  steps  were 
taken  by  enterprising  citizens  of  the  embryo 
Towns  on  the  Maumee  Eiver,  which  soon  there- 


after, from  absolute  weakness,  were  consolidated 
under  the  name  of  Toledo.  At  thaltiint^  Ihere 
was  not  a  rail  laid  West  of  Schenectady,  New 
York.  The  facts  of  the  origin  of  that  strange 
venture,  are  given  in  a  letter  written  by  the 
late  Jessup  W.  Scott,  in  January,  18G8,  as  fol- 
lows : 

In  1828,  I  read  with  exultant  anticipations,  an 
account  of  the  first  lucomotive  on  the  line  of  the  iron 
Railway  between  Livcr|Mi(>l  and  Mani4icslcr,  iMigland. 
The  wonder-wurking  iiiHuence  of  tlie  new  ai>pbcation 
of  power  on  eomuierce  and  social  intcrcour.se,  was,  in 
good  degree,  foreseen  and  was  very  aninjatiiig.  In 
ISL'L'  three  iron-ways  had  been  coniniencecl  in  this 
country — one  lietwcen  Albany  and  Schenectady; 
another  at  ISaltiniore,  the  co'nuneneement  of  tLe 
Ualtiiiiore  it  Olii(j;  and  the  third,  the  South  Carolina 
Railroad,  jietween  Charleston  and  Augusta. 

In  June,  ISIH",  I  purehase<l  70  aeres  of  the  South- 
west cpiartcr  Section  ;ili,  near  the  center  of  wdiicliour 
Central  Sihool  Building  in  now  situated.  At  that 
time  I  made  the  ac(nuiintance  of  Dr.  Daniel  ().  Corn- 
stock— elder  r)rother  of  Stephen  B.  and  James  M. 
Couistock— and  subseipiently  corresponded  with  him 
on  the  subject  of  a  Railway  charter  from  the  Port 
Lawrence  property  (now  part  of  Toledo),  whicli  he 
represented,  to  some  point  Northwest.  Whether  he 
or  I  first  suggested  the  project,  I  fail  to  recollect.  But 
I  remember  well,  that  through  bis  relative,  Daniel 
O.  Comstock,  a  uieuiber  of  the  Legislative  Council  of 
Michigan,  a  favorable  charter  was  obtained  for  a 
Railroad  Company,  by  the  name  of  the  Erie  it  Kala- 
mazoo Railroad,  designed  to  traverse  the  territory  to 
Lake  Michigan,  ria  Adrian  and  Kalamazoo.  Our 
plan  did  not  at  first  contem|)late  any  better  structure 
between  Port  Lawrence  an<I  Adrian,  than  could  be 
made  of  tindjcr.  Representative  Comstock  subse- 
(pieinly  stated,  that  the  ai)plication  for  a  charter  was 
received  with  ridicule,  and  opposition  was  placated 
by  admitting  that  the  thing  was  a  chimera,  but  that 
to  please  his  l>rother  Stephen,  he  would  be  obliged 
if  they  would  let  it  pass  into  an  act.  The  Company 
was  organized  in  is:!.5,  and  in  1836  the  Road  was  made 
to  Adrian.  Edward  Bi.ssell,  in  Toledo,  and  George 
Crane,  of  Adrian,  were  the  most  active  agents  in 
locating  and  constructing  the  Road. 

When  the  Michigan  Southern  Railroad  (then  in 
ojieration  between  Monroe  and  Coldwater)  was 
purchased  by  the  State  of  Michigan,  the  Erie  &  Kal- 
amazoo, with  its  franchises,  were  purchased  by  the 
same  parties  for  |G0,000 ;  by  the  same  parties 
"  stocked  "  at  $300,0(10  and  then  leased,  in  perpetuity, 
to  the  Michigan  Southern  owners  at  a  50  i)er  cent, 
annuity  on  its  cost  of  $(JO,000. 

The  original  plan  for  this  Road,  was  to  use 
oak  rails  lour  inches  square,  the  cars  to  Ik^ 
drawn  by  horses.  Few  enterprises  have  been 
pressed  to  success  under  more  adverse  circum- 
stances than  attended  the  construction  of  this 
work,  the  chief  difficulty  being  a  lack  of  finan- 
cial means.  The  construction  had  not  pro- 
ceeded far,  before  it  was  decided  to  iron  the 
track  and  use  steam  power.  Here  was  met  the 
question  of  money.  The  modern  devices  of 
mortgage  bonds,  preferred  stock,  itc,  were 
unknown  to  these  pioneers.  But  l3y  allowing 
a  liberal  bonus  on  the  stock,  and  furnishing  the 
]iapcr  of  the  Company,  endorsed  by  the  Directors 
and  other  supjiosed  responsible  parties,  the  iron 
was  pn-ocured.  It  was  known  as  the  "  strap- 
rail,"  2Mnche8wide,  and  five-eighths  of  ail  inch 


4(X1 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


thick,  and  was  sjiikcd  to  tlie  woodin  rail.  By 
like  tiiiiiiifial  oiktuUoii,  two  small  locomotives 
were  .sul)sf(iuoiilly  ))ivH-urc(l.  The  lioud  was 
opened  for  business  durinij;  the  Fall  of  183(1,  the 
ears  tiieii  beiiiii;  drawn  by  horses.  Meantime 
(1S:!5)  an  amendment  to  the  charter  of  the 
Comininv  had  been  made  by  the  Territorial 
Council  of  .Mieiii,i;an,  which  provided  that  when 
the  "lioud  should  i)ay  the  cost  of  erecting  the 
same  and  expenses  of  keeping  the  same  in 
repair,  and  .seven  jjor  cent,  on  all  monevs  ex- 
pended, the  said  Road  should  become  the 
proi)crtv  of  the  Territory  or  Slate,  and  become 
a  free  Road,  except  surficienl  toll  to  keep  the 
same  in  repair."  The  charter  provided  for  a 
line  extending  from  Toledo  to  the  head-waters 
of  the  Kalamazoo  River,  but  by  amendment  it 
wa.s  made  to  terminate  at  Adrian.  This  change, 
as  well  as  that  looking  to  the  transfer  of  the 
Road  to  the  ownership'of  Michigan,  was  prob- 
ably due  to  the  then  increasing  probability 
that  the  Eastean  terminus  of  the  Road  would 
be  in  Ohio. 

Following  is  a  collection  of  facts  taken  from 
the  official  records  of  the  Krie  and  Kalamazoo 
Railroad  Company,  which  furnishes,  in  con- 
densed form,  much  of  the  history  of  that 
enterpri.se  not  to  be  Ibund  elsewhere.  As 
already  stated,  this  Company  was  chartered  by 
1  he  Territorial  Legislature  of  Michigan  in  1832. 

March  7,  LSat,  Darius  Comstock,  E.  Conant  Win- 
ter, Asahel  Finch,  Jr.,  Cains  C.  Robinson,  David 
White  and  Stephen  15.  Comstock,  Conmiissioners, 
under  the  cliarter,  gave  notice  to  tlie  stoclUiolders, 
IhatnKjre  tlian  1,0U0  shares  of  stocli  had  been  sub- 
scrilicil,  anil  tliat  a  meeting  of  stockholders  would  be 
held  at  the  bouse  of  Isaac  Deans,  in  the  Village  of 
Adrian,  May  20,  lSo4,  when  the  sabscrijition  books 
would  be  delivered  to  them.  On  the  daj'  last  named, 
the  stockholders  met  and  elected  the  following 
Directors :  Darius  Comstock,  C.  C.  Robinson,  David 
White,  Geo.  Crane,  Almon  Harrison,  Caleb  S.  Ornisby, 
S.  B.  Comstock,  E.  Conant  Winter  and  A.  J.  Com- 
stock ;  who  organized  by  electing  Darius  Comstock 
as  President,  and  .Joseph  Chittenden  as  .Secretary. 
May  21st  the  Board  of  Directors  adopted  a  code  of 
by-laws.  Among  other  provisions,  the  by-laws  pro- 
vided that  in  case  of  absence  from  any  regularly 
called  meeting  of  the  Board,  the  President  should 
pay  a  forfeit  of  $.5.00 ;  and  a  Director  for  like 
al>sence,  13.00 ;  while  any  Director  who  should 
without  leave,  absent  himself  after  conung  to  such 
meeting,  should  be  fined  25  cents.  Provision  was 
then  made  for  "a  survey  and  level  of  the  route  of  the 
Railroad  from  Adrian  to  Port  Lawrence  "  (Toledo), 
together  with  estimates  for  the  construction  of  the 
same.  For  this  purpose,  three  Commissioners  were 
appointed,  viz.:  Geo.  Crane,  S.  B.  Comstock  and  C. 
.\1.  Ormsby.  It  was  then  provided  that  $1.00  per 
share  of  stock  be  paid  by  October  1,  1834. 

November  4th,  Andrew  Palmer,  of  Toledo,  was 
made  a  Director.  The  Board  adopted  a  memorial  to 
Congress  asking  for  a  grant  of  right  of  way  and  use 
of  materials  for  the  proposed  Road  through  the  public 
lands  lying  on  the  route  ;  and  akso  for  a  grant  of  one 
section  of  land  for  every  two  miles  of  road  con- 
structed, or  42,240  acres  in  all.  December  2,  1834, 
the  Board  in  part  decided  on  the  route  of  the  pro- 
posed Road,  and  decided  to  construct  10  miles  of  the 
same,  commencing  at   Dr.   Robinson's,   within  one 


year  from  that  time.  It  was  then  decided  that  the 
cros.s-ties  (jf  the  track  should  be  of  "split  timber." 
Steps  were  also  then  taken  for  olitainiug  the  right  of 
way  for  the  Road.  Allen  Ilutchins  was  then  ap- 
])oiuted  Attorney  for  the  Company.  June  24,  l.s;i."i, 
a  contract  was  maile  by  the  Directors  an<l  Joel 
McCoUum,  under  which  the  latter  was  to  take  (iOO 
shares  of  stock  of  the  Railroad  Company,  and  1,2(10 
shares  of  the  stock  of  the  Erie  &  Kalamazoo  Railroad 
Bank,  the  Directors  pledging  themselves  toco-operate 
in  securing  legislation  which  should  legally  separate 
the  two  interests.  Authority  was  then  given  for  the 
completion  (jf  the  road  to  Toledo. 

Xovember  2,  183.5,  Darius  Comstock  was  elected 
President ;  A.J.  Comstock,  Treasurer;  (Jrauge  Butler, 
Secretary  ;  Volney  Spaulding,  S,  I}.  Comstock,  and 
Andrew  Palmer,  as  Auditing  Committee  ;  Kdward 
Bissell  and  Wm.  P.  Daniels  of  Toledo,  as  Commis- 
sioners for  the  construction  of  the  Eastern  section  of 
the  Road  (from  Toledo  to  Ottawa  Lake);  and  Geo. 
('rane  and  C.  N.  tjrmsby,  as  Commissioners  for  the 
Western  section  (to  Adrian). 

The  first  contracts  were  made  January  1,  1835,  for 
clearing,  lirubtiing  and  furnishing  cross-ties  from 
Palmyra  to  Ottawa  Lake,  a  distance  of  Us  miles,  the 
aggregate  price  to  be  $2,151,  or  $184.37  per  mile. 
Contiact.s  were  then  also  made  for  400,000  feet  of 
"  wheel-rails."  In  August,  excavation  was  cou- 
tiactcd   lor  at  10  cents  per  cubic  yard. 

.May  25,  Is3ii,  the  stock  of  the  Erie  &  Kalamazoo 
Railroad  lianking  Company  was  subscribed,  and 
Directors  for  the  same  elected,  of  whom  Daiius  Com- 
sbick  was  made  the  President.  Edward  Bis.scU  and 
Wm.  P.  Daniels,  of  Toledo,  were  Directors.  July 
2(),  183(i,  Pliilo  C.  Fuller  was  elected  Cashier  of  the 
Bank,  at  a  salary  of  .$2,0(10;  Joel  Mct'ollum,  Presi- 
dent; and  Addison  J.  Comstock,  Vice  President. 

October  3,  1.836,  Joel  McCollum  was  elected  Presi- 
dent of  tlu^  Railroad  Company. 

Novembers,  183(),  it  was  "  resolved,  that  the  fol- 
lowing be  the  rates  charged  for  the  present  for  a  seat 
in  the  Pleasure  Car  upon  the  Railroad,  viz  :  Ailrian 
to  Palmvra,  2  shillings  (2.5c.);  Palmvra  to  Blisstield, 
2  s.;  BliksHeld  to  Whiteford,  4  .s. ;  Wbiteford  to  To- 
ledo, 4  s  ;  through  (Adrian  to  Toledo)  12  s. ;  and  50 
pounds  of  b;iggage  to  each  seat.  That  the  following 
be  the  rates  for  freight :  Toledo  to  Blisstield,  3  s. ; 
Toledo  to  Palmyra,  42  cents;  Toledo  to  Adrian,  4  s. 
And  a  light  bariel-bulk,  equal  to  200  pounds.  Salt, 
$1.00  per  larrel."  It  Mas  at  that  time  "resolved, 
that  there  be  no  free  seats,  unless  it  be  those  of  the 
agents  or  persons  in  the  eujploy  of  the  Commis- 
sioners when  on  the  business  of  the  Road."  It  was 
then  resolved,  that  no  discount  be  made  to  any 
person  whose  name  was  on  unpaid  protested  paper 
or  notes  past  due  or  unpaid  at  the  Bank  ;  "  an<l  also, 
that  not  exceeding  $300  in  amount  be  discounted, 
except  ujion  ]>aper  with  three  responsible  endorsers. 
February,  15,  1837,  a  dividend  of  live  per  cent,  was 
declared  oii  the  stock  of  the  Bank.  At  the  same 
time  John  Hojjkins  ^\■as  appointeil  Superintendent  of 
the  Road,  for  the  purpose  of  preparing  the  track  be- 
tween Adrian  and  Toledo  to  receive  the  locomotive. 
He  was  also  authorized  to  make  survey  for  the 
continuation  of  the  Road  West  to  the  Kalamazoo 
River. 

April  7,  1837,  it  was  "resolved,  that  the  fare  in 
the  Pleasure  L'ar  between  Toledo  and  Adrian  be 
$2.25  ;  Toledo  to  Wbiteford,  75  cents  ;  Whiteford  to 
Blissfield,  75  cents ;  and  Blisstield  to  Adrian,  75 
cents;"  and  that  former  rates  for  the  "Pleasure 
Car,"  be  charged  on  the  ''  Lumber  Cars."  June  23, 
1837,  Edward  Hissell,  as  Acting  Commis.sioner,  was 
made  General  Manager  of  the  Road. 

September  22,  1837,  the  charge  for  "  up-freight  " 
(Toledo  to  Adrian),  was  40  cents  per  100  pounds  ;  and 
for  "  down-freight,"  25  cents  per  100 ;  for  Flour,  373^ 


RAILWAYS. 


401 


cents  per  barrel ;  Oats  in  barrels  or  bags,  i')}^  cents  ; 
and  Wlieat,  Corn  anil  Potatoes,  U  cents  per  busliel. 

(October  2,  bSIST,  the  following  directors  were 
chosen:  Geo.  Crane,  Pliilo  C.  Fuller,  Edward  Bis- 
sell,  Wui.  P.  Daniels,  S.  B.  Conistock  Fred.  Bissell, 
Ivichard  iNIott,  A.  J.  Conistock,  Andrew  Palmer- 
giving  Toledo  a  majority  in  the  Board.  A.  J.  Coni- 
stock was  elected  President;  C.  D.  Ashley,  Secretary; 
and  P.  C.  Fuller,  Treasurer;  Wni.  P.  Daniels  and 
Geo.  Crane  were  appointed  Coniiuissioners  for  the 
nianagenient  of  the  Koad. 

October  .'id,  ls:57,  the  Treasurer  was  authorized  to 
ccjntract  with  the  Government  for  "the  transporta- 
tion of  the  Great  Western  Mail  between  Toledo  and 
Adrian — leaving  Toledo  at  8  a.  m.  and  arriving  at 
Ailrian  at  11'  .m.;  and  leaving  Adrian  at  2  i-.  .m.  and 
arriving  at  Tolecio  at  li  e.  m.  each  day  ;  and  supjilying 
the  Postoffices  at  Sylvania,  Blisstield  and  Pal- 
myra, by  means  of  separate  bags— at  the  rate  of 
|L',0(Hl  per  annum." 

January  4,  l.So.S,  subscriptions  of  SI  shares  of 
st(ick  were  declareil  forfeited  for  non-iiayment.  At 
the  same  time,  a  dividend  of  SO  per  cent,  on  the  re- 
maining stock,  2,77()  shares,  was  declared,  from  pro- 
ceeds of  the  Koad  to  December  ol,  ls:^7. 

February  l(i,  ISoS,  passengers  fare  between  Toledo 
and  Adrian  was  reduced  to  $1.50,  and  between  other 
points  in  proportion. 

.\t  a  meeting  of  stockholders.  May  15,  l.s:',8,  the 
following  jiersons  were  present,  casting,  respectively, 
the  number  of  votes  stated  :  Levi  Beardsley,  of  New 
York,  for  himselt  1'0.S  shares ;  Salmon  Harrison,  for 
himself.  L'O;  Edward  Bissell,  for  self  and  as  proxy, 
(i:!0 ;  Andrew  Palmer,  for  self  and  as  pro.xy,  182 ; 
John  B.  Macy,  for  self  and  proxy,  :>51  ;  William  E. 
Jones,  for  Clias.  Butler  of  New  York,  5-111;  Richard 
Mott,  for  self  and  iiroxy,  o44  ;  Fred.  Bissell,  7'J.  Total 
shares  voted  2,o)i0.  H.  D.  Ma.son,  of  Toledo,  and  J. 
B.  Macy,  of  BuOalo,  N.  Y.,  became  Directors  at  that 
time. 

May  15,  183s,  Kicliard  Mott  was  chosen  President 
of  the  Conii>auy  ;  Edward  Bissell,  (Commissioner  or 
Manager  ;  and  P.  C.  Fuller,  Treasurer. 

June  28,  ISoS,  an  otter  by  the  Port  ivawrence  Com- 
pany, of  lots  484  and  484^^2  of  their  plat  lor  Railroad 
purposes,  was  accepted,  and  a  committee  appointed 
to  superintend  the  erection  thereon  of  a  car-house, 
work-shop,  &c."  At  the  same  time,  an  otler  by  the 
proprietors  of  Vistula  of  a  lot  on  AVater  Street,  and 
between  Cherry  and  Lynn  Streets,  for  Riiilroad  pur- 
poses, was  accepted.  John  B.  Macy  was  authorized 
to  purchase  a  blank  book  for  keeping  the  records  of 
the  Company.  Freight  rates  were  then  fixed : 
Wheat,  Adrian  to  Toledo,  8  cents;  Adrian  to  Pal- 
myra, IJ^^  cents  ;  Salt,  Toledo  to  Palmyra  (junction 
with  the  Jacksonburg  Branch),  50  cents ;  and  to 
Adrian,  62J^  cents. 

November  2,  ISoS,  officers  were  re-elected. 

In  the  interest  of  the  Vistula  Division  ("  Lower 
Town  "),  a  Railroad  track  was  constructed  in  Water 
Street — rather  over  the  water  of  the  River,  near 
where  Water  Street  was  subsequently  made— from 
Monroe  Street  then  the  termination  of  the  Railroad, 
to  Cedar  Street,  near  Lagrange.  November  2,  1838, 
Richard  Mott  was  appointed  to  negotiate  for  the 
purchase  of  an  one-fourth  interest  in  such  track  and 
the  use  of  the  track,  provided  it  cost  not  to  exceed 
$3,085. 

January  3,  1839,  the  Directors  authorized  agents  to 
furnish  members  of  the  Board  with  passes,  but  in  no 
other  way  to  relax  the  existing  order  in  that  respect. 
The  matter  of  the  Water  Street  track  was  considered 
and  voted  down.  A  mail  contract  with  the  Govern- 
ment was  closed,  being  the  tirst  Railway  Mail  con- 
tract West  of  the  Alleghany  Mountains. 

-March  15,  1839,  rates  for  freight  were  fixed,  in- 
cluding the  following :    "  Toledo  to  Adrian — Salt,  &2]y£ 


cents  iier  barrel  ;  plaster,  per  ton,  ^'AM).  Adrian  to 
Toledo— AVhiskey,  per  barrel,  50  cents;  Cats,  per 
bushel,  5  cents;  Corn,  7  cents;  Potatoes,  7  cents; 
Lumber,  per  M,  $3.50. 

Aj)ril  15,  1839,  it  was  resolved  that  the  Directors 
resume  control  of  the  Railroail  Bank.  At  that  time, 
it  was  voted  that  the  offices  of  the  Ciim|.any  be  re- 
moved from  Adrian  to  Toledo.  II.  D.  .Mason  was 
appointed  Treasurer,  rliv  P.  V.  Fuller;  and  .1.  D. 
Shepbard,  Secretary,  rice  C.  D.  .Ashley.  A  rlividcnd 
of  15  per  cent,  froiu  profits  of  the  year  ending  De- 
cend)er  31,  1S3S,  was  then  declared.  Edwaid  Bissell's 
salary  as  Acting  Commissioner  was  li.xed  at  .'J;2,00ll 
]>er  year. 

April  30,1839,  Richard  Molt  resigned  tlic  position 
of  President,  and  was  succeeded  by  E.  S.  Dodd.  of 
Toledo.  It  was  resolved  to  hold  monthly  meetings 
of  the  Board,  alternately  at  Toledo  and  Ailrian. 

August  7,  1839,  the  Board  resolved  "that  any  per- 
son upon  the  presentation  of  .satisfactory  evidence 
that  be  hail  an  '  eipiitable  or  benelieial  iiderest  '  in 
in  any  stock  of  the  Comjiany,  whether  through  mort- 
gages, hypothecation  or  other  pledge,  should  lie  en- 
titled to  Vote  on  such  stock,  as  thougli  the  same  had 
been  transferred  to  such  jiarty  on  the  books  of  the 
Company."  To  such  action  Director  :\Iolt  made 
written  protest,  as  "  an  unwarrantable  assumptinu  of 
l)Ower." 

August  9,  1S39,  rates  of  freight  were  fixed  as  fol- 
lows: Toledo  to  Adrian  — Merchandise,  per  100,25 
cents;  Salt,  per  barrel,  45  cents;  Plaster,  jier  ton, 
$3.00.  Adrian  to  Toledo-Wheat,  per  bushel,  (icents; 
Oats,  4  cents  ;  Flour  per  barrel,  25  cents  ;  Whiskey, 
per  barrel,  50  cents;  Pork,  50  cents;  Hides,  per 
U)0  pounds,  8  cents  ;  Lundjer  per  M.,  $:'..01). 

September  0,  1S39,  at  the  annual  meeting,  the  roll 
of  stockholders,  prepared  for  the  occasion,  was  as 
follows:  Samuel  Satterthwaite,  0  shares;  David  Bur- 
gess, 5  ;  John  Hunt,  5;  C.  1).  Ashley,  SO;  Isaac 
French,  13;  Almon  Harris  39  ;  Calvin  Brandish,  20 ; 
Fred  Bissell,  79;  Anson  Howell,  0;  P.  C.  Fuller,  IS; 
Henrv  W.  Hicks,  171;  Harvey  Todd,  5;  H.  Green- 
man, 'l3;  Charles  Butler,  .540;  Levi  Beardsley,  208; 
Duffield,  Swift  &  Ravmond,  52;  Joel  McCollum,  20  ; 
Israel  T.  Hatch,  21 ;  Samuel  Hicks  it  Si>n,  1.5ii;  Itich- 
ard  Mott,  10;  Edward  Bissell,  the  fraction  nf  *I0,  on 
one  share;  George  Crane,  52;  Uoyal  Paine,  13; 
Hezekiah  D.  Mason,  13;  William  S.  Waters,  48;  City 
Bank  of  Buff'alo,  525;  Commercial  Bank  of  BuH'alo, 
61;  Adah  Ann  Husband,  100;  David  White.  10; 
Smith  &  Macy,  62 ;  Stephen  Whitney  28;  Andrew 
Palmer  and  James  Mvcrs,  50  ;  Samuel  Willets  (As- 
signee), 40;  Jos.  R.  Williams,  13;  Cuyahoga  Steam 
Furnace  Company,  30;  Faruiers  and  Mechanics' 
Bank,  Detroit,  22;  H.  A.  Carpenter  3;  Robert 
Hicks,  112  ;  Mahlon  Day,  3  ;  Edward  A.  Lawrence,  4; 
A.  S.  Willetts,  7;  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad  Bank, 
338;  Ezras.  Dodd,  2;  total  shares,  3  027.  At  this 
election  Edward  Bissell  claimed  the  right,  and  was 
permitted  to  vote  on  546  snare  hypothecated  to 
Charles  Butler,  36  shares  hypothecated  to  the  Cuya- 
hoga Furnace  Company,  and  33S  shares  for  the  Rail- 
road Bank,  making  a  total  vote  of  914  shares  owned 
by  him.  At  this  election  B.  P.  Peckham,  A  Palmer, 
E.  S.  Dodd,  Edward  Bis.sell,  Freil  Bissell,  Samuel  B. 
Scott,  Jacob  Clark  and  H.  D.  Mason  were  elected 
Directors. 

October  0,  1839,  the  Directors  ordered  that  stock 
to  the  amount  of  $12,301.30  be  issued  in  payment  for 
the  track  between  Monroe  and  Cedar  Streets  (the 
latter  between  Lagrange  and  Elm). 

Octobers,  1839,  E.  S.  Dodd  was  elected  President; 
S.  B.  Scott,  Treasurer  ;  and  Edward  Bissell,  Commis- 
sioner. 

October,  1839,  at  the  instance  of  Charles  Butler 
and  other  creditors,  the  Road  was  placed  in  the 
liands  of  George  Crane  as  Receiver,  and  so  remained 


402 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


until  January  IS,    IStO,  wlien  tlie  receiversliip   was 

L'losi'il  liv  orilcr  (if  ('(Uirt. 

Januiuv  I'l,  IS  10,  tlio  I'ost  Office  Department  made 
tlie  Company  an  olfer  of  .foO  per  mile  for  daily  mail 
service  between  Toledo  and  Tetainiseli,  via  Ailriaii  ; 
that  between  Toledo  and  Adrian  to  be  by  Railroad 
cars,  and  between  tlu^atter  jilace  and  Tecuni.seb  in 
four-liorse  posteoaclies.  Tbe  l)e|iar|.ment  statecl  tliat 
to  be  "  the  bi^diest  rate  [laid  for  Kailroad  service  in 
IMieln},'aii  "—the  only  other  lik(!  service  then  in  that 
State  beini;  on  tlii^  Miehi{;an  Southi'iii  Kailroad,  l)e- 
tween  Monroe  and  Adrian.  The  otier  was  accepted 
by  the  Conijiany.  Tbe  aggregate  of  the  pay  was 
about  |l',L'00  per  year. 

May  II,  I.S40,  J.  B.  Macy  was  elected  President, 
rice  K.  S.  Dodd   resinged. 

A  slatement  made  May  1(1,  1810,  showed  the  re- 
ceipts from  .lannary  1,  l.s.'iO,  to  May  3,  1.S40,  to  have 
been  ij;.')-!,.'!!'-.!)? ;  and  the  expenses  for  tlie  .same 
period,  .f:;!'  'Jlli.OO— receipts  over  exiienditares,  |li2,- 
1 10.07.  \Vhcren|ion  a  dividend  of  eight  per  cent,  was 
declared  on  the  Capital  stock  (If  174,00:3). 

In  1840  the  Kailniad  Baidi  was  in  the  hands  of  a 
Receiver,  but  was  soon  released,  when  the  eli'ects  of 
the  BanU  were  assigned  to  J.  15.  Macy. 

September  5,  1S40,  F.  W.  Macy  was  appointed 
Cashier  of  the  Bank. 

October  ."),  IS  10,  A.  P.  Edgerton,  D.  Pitman  and 
Leverett  Bissell  were  elected  Directors  of  the 
Kailroad  Company.  J.  B.  Macy  was  continued  as 
President,  and  Edward  Bissell  elected  Comnussiouer 
of  tbe  Uailroad,  as  they  also  were  October  4,  1841. 

June  IS,  184L',  the  Directors  authorized  the  sale  of 
various  properties,  including  two  locomotives  ("  To- 
ledo" ami  "  Adrian  ")  and  tendeis,  two  Passenger 
(.!ars,  nine  Freight  (_!ars,  and  one  Stake  Car. 

July  '2,  184:i,  the  Koail  was  placed  in  tbe  bands  of 
Horace  Meech  of  Albany,  and  S.  B.  Comstock  and  M. 
H:  Tilden  of  Toledo,  as  Coninii.ssioners,  they  to 
numage  the  Hoad  for  the  Company.  At  the  same 
time,  it  was  voted  to  jiermit  the  Palmyra  and  Jackson- 
burg  Koad  to  run  its  cars  on  the  Company's  track 
between  Palmyra  and  Toledo,  for  ten  years,  for  an 
annual  rental  "of  $3,000. 

At  the  annual  election,  October  4,  1842,  3,0l>6 
shares  of  stock  were  rei)resente<l— 2,162  by  O.  P. 
Oluisted,  proxy  for  John  Olmsted  ;  and  804  shares 
by  Edwanl  Bissell,  as  poxy  for  .Samuel  Stiles.  From 
this  it  seems  that  about  the  entire  stock  of  the  Com- 
pany was  then  held  by  two  persons.  At  that  elec- 
tion, Chester  Walbridge,  W.  N.  Kicbardson  and  H. 
(i.  Cozzens  acted  as  Inspectors. 

October  7,  1844,  George  Crane,  Ira  Bidwell,  D.  K. 
Underwood,  Koyal  Paine,  and  Frank  J.  King,  of 
Adrian  ;  and  H.  D.  Ma.son,  W.  J.  Daniels,  and  Kichard 
Mott,  of  Toledo,  were  elected  Directors.  Geo.  Crane 
was  elected  President ;  Alfred  L.  Millard,  Secretary  ; 
and  F.  J.  King,  Treasurer. 

October  21,  1844,  the  Directors  authorized  A.  M. 
Baker,  in  the  name  of  the  Company  to  confess  judg- 
ment in  tbe  Lucas  County  Court,  iii  favor  of  Wm.  P. 
Daniels,  for  the  amount  of  $8,210.50.  the  sum  of 
claims  against  the  Company  which  the  latter  bad 
purchased  from  108  diflerent  persons,  ranging  in 
amounts  from  $1.07  to  $072.00. 

March  25, 1845,  the  Directors  authorized  confession 
of  judgment  in  the  sum  of  $10,000,  in  behalf  of  John 
H.  Hicks.  Henry  W.  Hicks  and  Wm.  W.  Howland 
(firm  of  Hicks  &  Co.,  of  New  York),  as  balance  due 
on  Kailroad  iron,  amounting  to  $30,000,  purchased  of 
them  in  1835. 

June  24,  1S45,  steps  were  taken  looking  to  an 
arrangement  with  the  Board  of  Internal  Improve- 
ment of  Michigan,  which  should  establish  a  uniform 
taritr  of  freight  charges  on  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo 
and  the  Michigan  Southern  Koads  (the  latter  then 
in  operation  between  Monroe  and  Adrian). 


October  G,  1,S45,  James  H.  Woodbury  and  Lang- 
ford  G.  Berry,  of  Adrian,  were  made  Directors,  and 
the  general  officers  re-elected. 

March  26,  184(i,  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Kailroad 
Bank  was  in  the  hands  of  a  Receiver.  The  receipts 
of  tbe  Koad  from  December  1,  1S43,  to  Augu.st  1. 
1846,  amounted  to  $73,476.23.  Among  the  exjiendi- 
tures,  were  $17.00  for  cattle  and  bogs  killed  liy  loco- 
motive; and  $14.00  for  funeral  expen.ses  of  a  boy 
killed  by  the  same— the  boy  costing  $3.00  less  than 
the  others. 

October  5,  1.S46.  Alfred  W.  Budlong,  Langford  G. 
Berry,  Daniel  K.  Underwood,  Harvey  Todd,  W.  J. 
Daniels,  Hez.  1).  Mason,  Richard  Mott  and  John  M. 
Pease,  were  chcsen  Directors.  At  this  election  Mr. 
INIott,  as  i)roxy  for  diflerent  parties,  cast  .555  votes. 
Geo.  Crane  was  re-elected  President  ;  A.  W.  Bud- 
long  was  chosen  Treasurer;  A.  L.  Millard,  Secretary, 
and  (Jeo.  Crane,  Commissioner. 

September  16,  1847,  the  Commissioner's  pay  was 
fixed  at  $7.50  per  annum. 

October  4,  1.847,  (ieo.  Crane  was  chosen  President ; 
Henry  Deinmon,  Treasurer;  and  A.  L.  Millard, 
Secretary. 

Decend)er  14,  1.847,  Wm.  II.  Newton  was  cho.sen 
Commissioner,  with  a  salary  of  $1,000,  rice  George 
Crane,  resigned. 

January  25,  1848,  tbe  struggle  of  the  Erie  and 
Kalamazoo  Kailroad  Company  was  ended,  b}-  the 
sale  of  its  entire  cajiital  stock,  at  luiblic  .sale,  under  a 
decree  in  Chancery  in  Michigan,  tbe  ]uirchasers 
being  Washington  Hunt,  of  Lockport,  New  York, 
and  George  Bliss,  of  Springfield,  Mas.sachu.setts. 
Whereupon,  the  Directors  all  resigned,  and  the 
Board  was  reorganized,  most  of  the  old  members 
being  re-elected.  Messrs.  Hunt  and  lili.ss  were  the 
owners  of  $103,.590  of  outstanding  debts  of  the  Com- 
pany, I'or  which  additi(.inal  stock  was  then  issued  to 
to  them.  Their  claims  were  25  in  number,  ranging  in 
amount  from  $41,,S36.70  to  $00. 

May  13,  184S,  Frederick  Harbach  was  appointed 
Engineer  of  the  Comjiany  in  charge  of  the  Road,  and 
was  made  a  Director,  rice  Harvey  Todd,  resigned. 

October  2,  1.848,  (tco.  Bliss,  Isaac  C.  Colton,  Hugh 
L.  White,  Chas.  Butler,  Geo.  Crane,  Fred.  Harbach, 
S.  B.  Comstock,  .\ddison  J.  Comstock,  and  Wm.  H. 
Newton,  were  chosen  Directors.  George  Crane  was 
elected  President ;  Fred.  Harbach,  Treasurer. 

January  18,  1840,  Thos.  U.  Bradbury  was  appointed 
Superintendent  and  Comini.ssioner  of  the  Road. 

May  23,  1840,  a  dividend  of  three  per  cent,  on 
$265,000  of  capital  stock  was  declared.  At  that  date, 
there  were  5,300  shares,  held  as  follows  :  By  Wash- 
ington Hunt,  1,980;  George  BlLss,  1,130;  Hugh  L. 
Wliite,  of  Cohoe.=,  New  York,  530  ;  Chas.  Butler,  New 
York,  265;  Wm.  L.  Marcy,  Albany,  New  York,  270; 
G.  W.  Newell,  Albany,  200  ;  Fred.  Harbach,  Cleve- 
land. 133 ;  Araasa  Stone.  Jr.,  Cleveland,  132  ;  T.  Dun- 
lap,  Middletown,  New  York,  156 ;  F.  Clarke,  Roches- 
ter, New  Y'ork,  130;  Estate  of  S.  Hunt,  Jr.,  Mt. 
Morris,  New  York,  130;  John  Cbilds,  S|U'ingfield, 
Massachusetts,  100 ;  Geo.  Crane,  52  ;  J.  H.  Hunt,  New 
York,  .52;  Thnrlow  Weed,  Albany,  40.  It  will  be 
seen  that  tbe  property  had  almost  wholly  passed  into 
tbe  hand  of  non-residents,  .52  shares  only  being  held 
at  Adrian,  and  none  at  Toledo. 

May  25,  1840,  it  was  resolved  to  change  the  gauge 
of  the  Road's  track  from  four  feet  10  inches  to  that  of 
the  Michigan  Southern  Road,  four  feet  8^2  inches. 

January  16,  1.852,  Stanley  H.Fleetwood  was  elected 
Treasure)-. 

.lanuary  16,  18.52,  John  B.  Jeryis,  of  Rome,  New 
Y'ork,  was  elected  as  one  of  tbe  Directors. 

February  6,  1.S.52,  Geo.  Bliss  was  elected  President 
Hce  Geo.  Crane,  resigned.  At  the  same  time,  it  was 
resolved  to  issue  bonds  to  the  amount  of  $2.50,000  for 
relaying  the  track  and  for  other  improvement  of  the 


RAILWAYS. 


403 


Road.  It  was  tlu'ii  rfsolved  to  take  steps  for  tlie  imi- 
deimiation  for  tin'  iisi'S  of  the  Company  of  certain 
lands  in  Toledo,  lieinj;  those  since  occupied  hy  the 
Union  Depot,  warehouses,  &c.,  and  known  as  the 
"  Middle  tji'ound." 

Oetoljer  (i,  1.S52,  Directors  were  chosen  as  follows: 
George  Bliss,  Washington  Hunt,  Calvin  Crane,  John 
Knower,  D.  B.  St.  John,  Thurlow  Weed,  G.  W.  New- 
ell, George  Bliss,  Jr.,  and  Wni.  Keep,  most  of  them 
continued  for  .several  years. 

At  the  election  held(  »ctol>cr  5,  IS.'i.'),  John  Knower, 
Calvin  Crane,  D.  B.  St.  John,  Thnrlow  Weeil,  James 
H.  Barnes,  D.  P.  Barliydt,  Ahel  French,  lienjamin 
Knower,  James  B.  Jerniain  and  Adrian  llerzog  were 
chosen  Directors. 

Tlic  struggle  tln'ough  which  the  originalor.s 
and  Iniilders  of  tills  ]ii(jiieer  of  Western  lioads 
wore  called  Id  |iass,  jirobahly  luxs  no  c(jUiil  in 
the  history  of  a  like  enterjirise  in  the  country. 
The  extent  of  this  contest  is  indicated  liy  the 
fact,  that  as  early  as  August,  ISi^ll,  but  17o 
of  the  8,027  shares  of  stock  of  the  Coinpajiy 
stood  ou  the  stoekliolders'  roll  in  tho  names  of 
Toledo  men,  of  wliicli  but  the  fraction  of  one- 
tiflh  of  a  share  wiis  in  the  name  of  Edwurd 
Hissell,  then,  as  from  tho  first,  one  of,  if  not 
the  leading  active  man  in  the  L'omjiany;  al- 
though, as  then  shown,  "J14  shares  of  his  slock 
— oO  jicr  cent,  of  the  whole — were  hyjiolhc- 
eated  with  creditors.  Of  the  aggregate,  about 
1,S(IU  shares,  or  6(1  per  cent,  of  all  the  stock, 
were  in  the  same  condition.  The  truth  is,  that 
the  Ivoad  had  to  be  built  without  the  use  of 
much  money,  and  from  tho  outset  it  was 
largely  in  debt.  Some  help  was  had  for  a  time 
from  the  notes  of  tho  Erie  and  Kalamazoo 
Railroad  Bank  ;  but  as  that  institution,  al.so, 
was  without  capital,  and  without  means  be- 
yond its  circulation,  it  soon  became  a  burden, 
rather  than  a  support,  and  at  the  very  time 
when  assistance  was  most  needed  by  tho  man- 
agers of  the  Road.  The  result,  as  .shown,  was 
the  forced  surrender  of  the  i^roperty  by  its 
owners  to  the  hands  of  creditors  and  others 
who  soon  made  it  valuable,  and  gathered  fruits 
which  its  proprietors  had  hoi)cd  to  secure. 

It  was  the  intention  when  the  Road  was 
projected,  not  to  iron  the  track,  but  to  run  tho 
cars  on  wooden  rails,  4x4  inches  square,  the 
cars  to  be  drawn  by  horse-power.  As  tho 
work  progressed,  the  ideas  of  the  managers  be- 
came more  practical,  and  parties  in  New  York 
(Samuel  Hicks  &  Sons)  wore  induced  to  import 
a  lot  of  strap  rail,  five-eighths  of  an  inch  thick; 
and  M.  W.  Baldwin,  of  Philadelphia,  was 
induced  to  trust  the  Company  for  two  locomo- 
tives— the  "  Toledo  "  and  the  "Adrian" — (or 
wliich  neither  of  the  parties  realized  over  20 
per  cent.,  nor  even  that,  nntil  their  claims 
were  purchased  by  Washington  Hunt,  previ- 
ous to  the  sale  of  the  Road  to  him,  January 
26,  1848,  under  decree  of  the  Michigan  Court. 
The  more  modern  device  of  foisting  bonds  on 
the  jiublic  for  building  Railroads,  had  not  then 
been  devised — a  plan  that  would  have  made 
plain  sailing  for  the  energetic,  but  impecunious 


management  ol  llu^  ]iioneer  IJaihvay.  Those 
only  who  were  engaged  in  the  strugL'le  lor  its 
construction  and  in  keeping  it  in  o]ieration 
after  it  was  constructed,  could  fully  appreciate 
the  perplexing  environments  of  the  (enterprise. 
And  yet  considering  their  entiri^  lack',  bo(h  of 
experience  and  of  oxam|)le  li'om  others  in  Kail- 
way  financiering,  it  must  bo  conceded,  that  tliii 
construction  and  equipment  of  H;5  milesof  Rail- 
way at  that  time  hy  its  moneyless  managers 
was  not  accomjilished  without  a  fiur  extent  of 
talent  for  tlio  work. 

For  the  first- year,  the  track  of  the  Krio  and 
Kalania/.oo  Roail  terminated  at  Monroe  and 
the  head  of  Water  Slrei't,  crossing  the  blo(-k 
Ironi  tho  West  diagonally'.  The  tirst  Railroad 
oltico  was  in  a  frame  building,  14x20  feel  in 
size,  built  lor  a  barber  shoji  on  the  ground 
now  occupied  l)y  J.  B.  Ketcham  &  Co.'s  Whole- 
sale Grocery  (MO  and  88  Summit  Sti'eet).  In 
1837  the  track  was  extended  along  near  what 
is  now  Water  Street,  to  the  foot  of  Jjagiange, 
passing  the  entire  distance  on  piles  tlriveii  in 
the  River,  the  line  varying  from  50  to  200  feel 
from  what  was  then  tho  shore.  Water  Street 
was  constructed  by  tilling  in  on  about  the  same 
line  in  1843.  The  depot  was  afterwards  near 
the  foot  of  Cherry  Street,  which  was  also  the 
depot  of  the  Cleveland  and  Toledo  Road  from 
1852  until  the  removal  of  both  to  the  "  Middle 
Ground,"  in  1855. 

Tho  first  formalannouncementof  the  running 
time  of  tho  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad,  ap- 
peared in  the  Toledo  Blade,  Kay  16,  1837,  and 
was  as  follows : 

TO  EMIGRANTS  AND  TRAVELERS. 


The  Erie  aucl  Kalamazoo  Railroad  is  now  in  tull  optTatinn 
betweeu 

Toledo  and  Adrian. 

During  the  ensiiiiif,' season  trains  of  oars  will  run  daily  to 
Adrian,  there  couneciiiiR  witli  a  line  ot  stages  for  the  West, 
Micliife-an  City,  Cliieago  and  Wisconsin  Territory. 

Kniigrants  and  others  destined  for  Imliaiui.  Illinois  and 
Western  Jlicliigan, 

Will  Save  Two  Day.s 

and  thccorrespondinK  e.xpeiise,  by  taking  this  route  in  jiref- 
erence  to  the  more  lengthened,  ted'ons  and  expensive  route 
heretofore  traveled.    All  baggage  at  the  risk  of  the  owners. 

EDWARD  BISSELL, 
W.  1'.  DANIELS, 
(JKORiiE  CKANE, 
Commissioners  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  R.  R.  Co. 

A.  HUGHES, 
Superintendent  Western  Stage  Co. 

ButTalo,  Detroit  and  other  papers  on  the  Lakes  will  please 
publish  this  uotiee  to  the  amount  i>f  $."1.1x1,  and  send  their  bills 
to  tlie  Agent. 


404 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


As  seen,  no  times  are  named  for  the  dojiart- 
iirc  aiid  arrival  of  (rains.  Tlie  reason  for  such 
latitude  in  movement,  was  made  plain  to  1)38- 
scngcrs  of  that  day.  The  rate  of  fiirc  by  "  the 
Pleasure  Car,"  between  Toledo  and  Adrian  (33 
miles)  was  "  128."  ($1.50),  with  right  of  50 
pounds  of  baggage.  Freight  was  4s.  (50  cents) 
].er  1(H)  lbs.  Salt,  ?1. 00  per  barrel.  Tho  Blade, 
editorially  referring  to  the  matter,  said  : 

The  attention  of  eniigrants  and  travelers  is  called 
to  the  great  saniiy  they  will  nialse  by  adopting  this 
route.  .Some  ]iassen<,'ers  who  start  this  morning,  we 
liave  seen  e.Kluhiting  great  e.xnltation  because  they 
were  to  arrive  a  conjile  of  days  earlier  at  Chicago, 
than  if  tbey  had  taken  the  stage  at  Detroit  at  the 
.same  liour.  A  few  days  since  four  passengers  were 
coming  t'.ast  from  Illinois.  Near  Adrian  they  sepa- 
rated. Two  came  to  'I'uledo  by  Ji:iilro;ul,  and  imme- 
diately juni]ied  oil  bnard  a  Steamboat.  Tbe  other 
two  wallowed  tbrdUgli  the  mud  to  Detroit,  and,  two 
days  after  tlieir  fellow-travelers  bad  left  this  place 
for  Buti'alo,  they  touched  atour  wharf  in  a  Steamboat, 
having  Ijeen  the  whole  time  in  expediting  their 
journey. 

The  Road  was  then  operated  with  liorsc- 
powcr.  The  first  locomotive  (the  pioneer  West 
of  Schnectad}')  reached  Tole<lo  in  June  follow- 
ing. "Its  eclcrity  has  not  yet  been  fully 
tested,"  said  tho  Blade  of  July  4th,  "but  it  is 
ascertained  that  it  can  move  at  a  rate  exceed 
iiig  20  miles  jier  hour.  At  present  it  makes  a 
(rip  and  a  half  (between  Toledo  and  Adrian)  in 
24  hours.'"  Subsequently  it  was  stated  that 
"the  locomotive  came  in  from  Adrian,  with  six 
cars  attacheil,  in  the  short  space  of  one  hour 
and  40  minutes,  including  stops."  Tho  Steam- 
boat Detroit  then  ran  on  LaUe  Michigan  in  con- 
uection  with  stages  from  Adrian,  leaving  Mich- 
igan City  tri-wcekl}^  for  Chicago,  Pike  Eiver, 
TJoot  Iliver  and  Milwaukee. 

In  J ul^-,  1837,  it  was  announced  that  "  the 
accommodations  of  the  Railroad  were  increased 
liy  the  arrival  of  a  new  passenger  ear  of  a  pretty-, 
though  rather  singular  and  fiineiful  model." 
The  following  illustration  shows  very  accu- 
rately the  car  thus  fittingly  described  : 


This  engraving  was  made  from  a  sketch  pre- 
l)arod  by  Hon.  Richard  Mott,  of  Toledo,  who 
was  a  Director  of  the  Company,  and  otherwise 
actively  identified  with  the  Road.  Of  the  car, 
that  gentleman  writes: 

The  Gothic  Car  (the  Board  of  Directors  called  it 
the  "  Pleasure  Car"  in  their  official  proceedings)  was 
the  second  passenger  car  of  the  Erie  an<l  Kalamazoo 
Railroad,  and  was  |)Ut  upon  the  Road  in  18,37.  It  was 
rather  shorter  than  the  three  compartment  vehicles 
nsed  liy  tbe  Schenectad}-  Road,  and  afterward  by 
the  Utica  Railroad.  The  car  when  full  held  '2-1,  eight 
in  each  compartment.  The  lower  nuddle  door  opened 
from  a  place  for  stowing  baggage.  Tlie  middle  .sec- 
tion projected  a  few  inches  wider  than  the  end  section. 
The  car  was  about  the  size  of  a  Street  Railway  car  of 
the  present  day.  It  passed  out  of  existence  nearly  40 
[now  46]  years  ago. 

The  locomotive  then  used  (the  fii'st  on  the 
Road),  was  No.  80,  of  tho  Bahiwin  Locomotive 
Works,  Philadelphia,  started  in  1831,  whichare 
still  in  active  operation,  having  meantime  sent 
out  about  7,000  machines  of  the  same  sort. 

The  first  report  of  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo 
Railroad,  made  December  31,  1837,  jpresented 
the  following  statement  of  its  earnings  and 
conditions: 

Cost  of  Railroad  ljuililing.s,  two  entwines,  cars. 

wells,    well-hou.ses,    and    evorythiug    to 

diltc  -.- - $257,659  7.3 

Espcn.^cs  for  repair.s  and  running  to  same 

date 14,181  52 

K!Lriiint;s  of  the  Koad 855,821  .VJ 

Dcduet  expenses 14,l.sl  52 

Xx;aviug  profits  for  dividends 


PIONEER  RAILWAY   PASSENGER  CAR  OF  THE   WEST. 


$41,610  00 

This  was  about  1(3^  i)er  cent,  on  the  cost  of 
the  Road.  The  Directors  stated  that  with  the 
trade  ex])octed  at  that  date  for  the  following 
j-ear,  it  was  "  believed  the  Road  would  pay  all 
expenses  and  earn  50  jjor  cent.,  or  nearly  so, 
of  its  ccst,  during  1838."  This  was  a  very 
ho]ieful  view,  but  one  that  seems  to  have  been 
eminently  disappointing. 

On  the  22d  o(  May,  1837,  108  passengers  took 
the  cars  from  Toledo  for  Adrian,  while  "more 
than  500  passengers  landed  at  Toledo  from  the 
Steamboats  North  America  and  Commodore 
Perry,  principally  settlers  for 
the  West." 

Edward  Bissell  built  a  barn 
for  the  use  of  the  horses  em- 
]doyed  in  drawing  the  cars  of 
the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Rail- 
road. When  a  locomotive  sup- 
jilanted  the  horses  (in  1837), 
the  barn  was  removed  to  the 
corner  of  Walnut  Street  and 
Ostrich  Lane,  antl  was  there 
iiseil  as  a  stalde  by  Levi  Bis- 
sell. In  May,  1803,  it  was 
moved  to  tho  corner  of  Water 
and  Lagrange  Streets,  where 
it  is  now  (1887)  used  as  a 
l)oiler  shop. 

The  two  locomotives  and 
entire    rolling   stock   of  the 


RAILWAYS. 


405 


Erie  and    Kiihim:izoo  iUilroad  were    sold    by  platform  car   and    sat  in    a    cliair.     Tliiis    was 

the    Sheriff   in    June,  1842,    under  judgments  October  3,  18:^(5.     The  incident  seems  to  be  well 

of  |!15,(H)0.     The  business  of  the   Road  at  the  authenticated,  and    is    specially  important,  as 

same  time  was  "re]iorted  as  constantl3'increas-  fixing  the   date   of  the  o|)eniiig  of  the   Jloaii. 
ing,"  the  receipts  fjr  one  week  being  given  at      Mrs.  irarrouii  died  in  Sylvania  in  ISSS. 
8,n0()  bushels  wheat  and  1,0(14  Itarrel's  flour.  The  I'cport  of  Chief  I'liiginecr  Freiierick-  liar 

The  Blade  of  A]m\  19, 1844,  notices  a  trip  by  bach  of  the  Erie  and  Kalama/.o<i  Road,  .laniiary 

Railroad  to  Adrian  (:i:>  nnles),  made  in  :!},  hours,  1,  1S4!),  gave  many  facts  of  tlu;  history  of  that 

and  remarks  that  "  no  ti'aveliiig  could  be  moiu^  onterpri.se,  and    its   relations  to  the   Michigan 

safe."     The  IJoad  hail  one  locomotive  and  made  .Southern  Road,  showing  something  of  its  strug- 

one  round  trij)  per  day.  gles  for  life.     The  report  gave  an  estimate  of 

I.  S.    Smith,  Trustee,  gave  notice  in  April,  the  cash  value  of  the  road,  aside  from  its  fran- 

1843,  that  "one  half  of  the  freight  on  merchan-  chi.so,    aggregating    $12(1,2(10.      Of    that    sum 

dise,  &c.,  upon  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Rail-  $30,000    was    for    rigid,   of    way,    $33,000    for 

road  between  Toledo  and  Adrian,  would  be  re-  gi'ading- and  trestle  work,  $24,000  for  HOO  tons 

ceived  in  the  engraved  checks,  formerly  issued  of  ii'on,  $17,000  for  machinery  and   materials, 

by   the  Company — the  balance  to  be  paid  in  $7,000  for  land  and  buildings  in  Toledo    and 

cash."  $3(f0  (or  same  in   Adrian.     The  total   receipts 

The  Adrian   Wliiij  y-ave the  following  tableof  for  the  year  1849  were  $20,047,  of  which  »9,575 

exports  from  that  Town  to  Toleilo  by  the  Eric  was  from   passengers,  and  $15,23(i   for  freights. 

and  Kalamazoo   Railroad,  foi-   the  year  ending  The exjienditiii'es  for  the  same  period  amounted 

December  31,  1840:  to  $13,831,  including  salaries  of  officers,  agents 

Whpit   iMishek  mruo  .I'l'l  conductors,  $3,705;  engineers  and  firemen, 

\\^heat„  bushels  .. ^ r,0,o4.,  i^-^ig.    f,,^,,^    $IXM  ;    repairs    of  engines  and 

Oats,'  "        "-__".. I I__.II.I__I ^}^m  ^•■'■''*^    $2,255;  rejiairs  of  Road,  $3,740;  contin- 

Flour,  bbls l(;|s;i.')  ,gcnt,  $503.     There  was  then  due  for  taxes  in 

Pork,       " l,c,74  Michigan  and  Ohio,  $1,344,  and  $2,738  on  other 

Whiskey,  bbls 147  accounts.     The    net   income  for  the  year  was 

Merchandise,  lbs ]-lS,SO:^>  co  i-.o      mi  „  ■    *     /■      m  i      i  i 

^j,fjgj.  .<  -,.  oo.T  $^,i32.      Ihe  receijits  for  It)  years  had  ranged 

Hides' -ji."rrijrri-'izrri_'rir"r:r"  '  ''448  f'""'"  *-io,io9  in  1839,  to  $25,114  in  is42.  The 

falling  off  after  1839,  was  largely  due  to  bitter 
The  Blade  stated  that  the  Towns  of  Clinton  com])etition  from  the  Michigan  Southern  Eoad. 
and  Tecumseh,  in  the  same  County,  sent  about  Other  causes  operated  to  endjarrass  the  Koad, 
the  same  amount  of  freight,  the  ti-affic  of  the  including  '•  litigation  and  bad  management." 
three  Towns  constituting  the  business  of  the  Sometimes  it  was  in  the  hands  of  "  Commission- 
Jioad.  ers  acting  for  the  Directors;  sometimes  of  Trus- 
It  is  believed  that  the  fir.st  condiination  be-  tees  a]ipointed  by  the  Courts;  tlien  by  a  Re- 
tw(^en  Railways  in  this  countr}'  for  ]irotecting  ceiver  at  one  end  and  by  Commissioners  at  the 
rates  from  competition,  was  that  formed  be-  other  enil;  at  one  time  there  being  two  distinct 
tween  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  (Toh^do  and  boards  of  Directors  claiming  authority."  In 
Adrian)  and  the  Miclngan  Southern  (Monroe  1848  the  Company  owned  no  land  at  Toledo, 
and  Adrian),  in  July,  1845.  These  were,  with-  except  two  small  lots,  on  one  of  which  stood  its 
out  doubt,  the  first  competing  lines  of  I?ail\vay  Machine  Sho])  on  St.  Clair  Street  and  near  La- 
in the  Uliited  States;  there  havi?ig  been  at  fayette  (since  known  as  the  O'Keagan  Hotel), 
that  time  no  other  tvvo  Roads  built  sufficiently  There  was  then  neither  passenger  depot  nor 
near  to  draw  traffic  from  the  same  territory.  freight  house — its  business  all  being  done  in 
At  that  time  it  was  agreed  that  the  former  of  the  open  air  on  Water  Street.  Various  points 
these  Roads  should  charge  rates  as  follows:  were  considered  with  reference  to  a  depot — two 
Passenger  fixre  (childi-en  half  price),  $1.00;  on  Water  Street,  two  in  the  Northern  and  two 
Flour,  ]ier  barrel,  22  cents;  Wheat,  0  cents;  in  the  Southern  part  of  the  City.  For  the  ex- 
Salt,  Pork,  &c.,  34  cents;  Merchandise,  per  isting  traffic,  it  was  thought  one-half  an  acre 
100,  17  cents;  Agricultural  products,  per  100  would  be  ample  for  all  purposes.  Two  and  a 
lbs.,  12i^  cents.  Whether  or  not  the  same  rates  half  acres  at  the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek  (West 
were  fixed  between  Monroe  and  Adrian,  is  not  side),  including  the  machine  shop,  could  be  had 
stated.  for  $20,000,  which  was  deemed  "a  largo  ])rice 
The  first  lady  passenger  on  the  Erie  and  for  what  would  eventually  be  inad(M|uate  to  the 
Kalamazoo  Road  was  Mrs.  Clarissa  llarroun,  wants  of  the  Road."  The  remaining  location 
of  Sylvania,  the  mother  of  Dr.  C.  11.  llarroun  was  known  asthe  "  Miedle  Ground,"  belonging 
of  Toledo.  She  had  been  on  a  visit  East  of  to  the  proj^rietors  of  Oliver's  Addition  to  To- 
Toledo,  and  was  on  her  way  back,  when  she  ledo,  and  consisted  of  ;iO  acresof  those  grounds 
met  the  "excursion  train  "(the  first  one  for  and  14  acres  of  ujdand,  the  whole  bt^ing  ottered 
jiassengers),  and  took  passage  by  it  as  far  as  for  $3,000,  or  $70  ])er  acre — conditioned  that 
Sylvania,  on  its  waj'  from  Toledo  to  Adrian.  the  depot  be  located  there  within  two  years. 
No  other  woman  was  aboard.     She  rode  on  a  The  cost  of  providing  depot  accommodations 


4(W 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


there  was  esliinnted  at  ¥10,000,  a  sum  not  war- 
ranted by  tlio  cxislintr  business  of  tlie  l^oad, 
but  wlicii"  done,  it  would  lie  a  desirable  location. 
1 1  was  uryed  that  there  "the  Hoad  would  be 
rill  of  all  niuiueijial  regulations,  with  the  best 
possible  eonneetion  with  navigation,  and  in 
])osition  to  eoiineel  with  Lake  Shore  lines." 
Tlie  adviee  thus  given  was  acted  upon,  and  on 
the  gi:>,000  jiurchase  are  now  found  the  net  w  ork 
of  tracks,  the  Island  J[ou.se,  Elevators,  Freight 
Warehouses,  and  other  extensive  facilities  of 
the  Lake  Shore  Road.  On  the  14  acres  of 
"  uplaTid,"  enibi'aeed  in  that  purchase,  has  been 
CDUstructed  the  new  and  more  convenient  Pas- 
senger Depot. 

Mr.  Harbach,  during  the  few  years  of  bis 
activity  in  Oliio,  gained  a  high  position  as  a 
Kailwaj'  Engineer.  Tie  was  from  Massachu- 
setts, his  firstexperienee  in  his  profession  lieing 
on  the  Boston  and  Albany  i?oad.  Coming 
West,  his  first  connection  was  with  the  Erie 
and  Kalamazoo  Eoad.  From  there  he  went  to 
Cleveland,  to  take  charge  of  tlie  survey  and 
construction  of  the  Cleveland,  Columbus  and 
Cincinnati  Koad,  in  which  capacity  ho  still 
further  developed  his  rare  ability  as  a  Railway 
Engineer.  To  him  was  largely  due  the  excep- 
tional success  of  that  enterprise.  His  excessive 
labors  ir.  that  connection,  are  understood  to 
have  contributed  largely  to  his  death  in  1851, 
at  the  early  age  ot  33  years. 

For  some  time  during  the  earlj'  j^ears  of  this 
Hoad,  Mr.  Mavor  Erighani,  yet  a  resident  of 
Toledo,  acted  as  Hepair  Agent  of  the  same. 
Some  idea  of  what  railroading  then  was,  may 
be  had  Jrom  that  gentleman's  statement  of  his 
experience.     He  says: 

In  December,  1841,  one  Saturday,  the  train  loft 
Toledo  on  time  for  Adrian.  I  was  then  at  Palmyra, 
intending  to  take  the  train  for  Adrian  and  return  to 
Toledo  tliat  evening.  ( Iwing  to  a  sevei'e  storm  of 
rain,  freezing  as  it  fell,  the  track  hecame  covered  with 
ice.  The  train  reached  I'alniyra  aliout  4  r.  m.  I  en- 
tered tlie  middle  eom|iartnien"t  of  the  ear,  as  tiie  train 
started  for  Adrian,  and  met  in  the  ear  J.  Baron  Davis 
and  wife,  of  Toledo,  sitting  in  the  furward  seat.  Being 
acquainted  with  them  1  tliought  1  would  take  a  seat 
with  them,  hut  seeing  the  cushion  on  the  seat  out  of 
place,  1  took  tlie  rear  seat.facing  the  one  I  had  rejected. 
We  had  not  gone  more  than  half  a  mile  from  I'almvra 
when  a  "  snake-head,"  as  they  were  called  (the  end  of 
a  locsened  liar),  came  cra.shing  through  the  floor  of 
the  ear,  pa.ssing  diagonally  thnjugh  the  .seat!  had  left 
vacant,  the  end  of  the  bar  striking  me  in  my  neck 
under  the  chin  and  pushing  me  backward  with  such 
force  .as  to  break  through  tlie  panel  work  partition 
which  divides  the  compartments  of  the  car.  ,)ust  at 
this  moment  the  other  end  of  the  bar  was  torn  from 
the  track  and  carried  along  with  the  car.  Recovering 
my  conciousness  a  little,  I  found  my.self  with  head 
and  shoulders  protruding  through  the  broken  parti- 
tion, while  I  held  the  as.saulting  *'  snake-head  "  firmly 
gras|ied  in  both  my  hands.  Being  a  .stormy  day,  I 
had  an  extra  amount  of  clothing  about  niy  neck 
which  the  bar  ditl  not  penetrate,  .so  that  my  injuries 
were  not  scrions.  The  train  wasstojipcd.  Frederick 
Bissell,  the  conductor  was  much  frightened.  Before 
leaving  the  spot,  the  guilty  "  snake-head  "  was  once 
more   spiked  down,    and  we    moved  on,    reaching 


Adrian  at  (i  r.  M.,  having  made  the  run  of  33  miles  in 
10  hours. 

This  train  left  Adrian  for  Toledo  at  7  r.  m.,  and 
worked  its  way  along  over  the  ice  covered  track  until 
we  got  out  of  wood  and  water,  when  we  jiicked  n|i 
slicks  in  the  woods  and  replenished  the  lire,  and  with 
pails  dipped  up  water  from  the  ditches  and  fed  the 
boiler,  and  maile  another  run  towards  Toledo,  f^ass- 
ing  Sylvania,  we  got  the  train  to  a  point  four  miles 
from  Toledo,  when  being  again  out  of  steam,  wood 
and  water,  we  came  to  the  conclusion  that  it  would 
be  ea.sier  to  foot  it  the  rest  of  the  way,  than  to  try  to 
get  the  train  along  any  further.  So  we  left  the  loco- 
motive and  cars  standing  upon  the  track,  and  walked 
into  the  City,  reaching  here  about  2::;()  A.  m.  1  was 
rather  lame  and  sore  from  contact  with  the  "  snake- 
head,"  but  gratified  that  we  were  enjoying  the 
"  modern  improvement" — Kailway  travel. 

The  loss  of  Toledo  as  an  eligible  Lake  Port, 
and  its  promise  of  advantages  from  both  Rail- 
road and  prospective  Canal,  stimulated  the 
young  State  ot  Michigan  to  extraordijiary 
measures  for  meeting  such  loss.  To  this  end 
she  launched  out  into  a  grand  scheme  of  inter- 
nal improvement,  including  a  loan  of  $5,000,- 
000  (an  enormous  sum  at  that  time),  for  the 
improvement  of  Rivers,  construction  of  Canals, 
and  lor  three  Railroads — a  Southern,  a  Central, 
and  a  Northern  Railroad.  The  Southern  Road 
was  to  start  at  Monroe  on  Lake  Erie,  traverse 
the  Southern  tier  of  Counties,  and  terminate  at 
New  Buffalo  on  Lake  Michigan.  Chicago  was 
then  a  mere  Indian  trading  post,  with  a  fiirt 
(Dearborn)  in  an  apparantly  irreclaimable 
quagmire.  The  track  was  laid  with  the  flat  or 
"  straji  "  rail,  2^  inches  wide,  f  inch  thick. 
The  Road  was  opened  as  follows:  Monroe  to 
Petersburg,  18  miles,  in  1839 ;  to  Adrian,  33 
miles,  in  1840,  and  to  Hillsdale,  00  miles,  1843. 
This  line  comjjrised  all  of  the  Southern  Road 
built  by  the  State. 

The  Palmyra  and  Jacksonbiirg  Railroad  (now 
the  "Jackson  Branch")  was  started  by  the 
owners  of  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad 
and  was  opened  to  Teciiniseh,  its  terminus  for 
nearly  twcnlj' years,  with  a  celebration  August 
9,  1838.  This  Company  became  involved  and 
the  Road  was  sold  to  the  State  of  Michigan  in 
1844,  for  the  amount  of  the  State's  loan  and 
interest,  ¥22,000.  The  State  united  it  with  the 
Southern  Road,  as  the  "  Teeumsob  Branch," 
sti]inlating  in  the  sale  of  the  Southern  Road  in 
18411,  that  this  branch  should  be  extended 
to  Jackson,  which,  after  a  delay  of  10  years, 
was  done.  In  1840  the  State  sold  the  Road  to 
a  Comjiany,  with  I'jdwin  C.  Litchfield  at  its 
head,  for  ¥50,000.  The  new  Company  did  but 
little  the  next  four  years.  During  the  years 
1851-2  the  Road  was  constructed  very  ra)iidly, 
reaching  Chicago,  243  miles  from  Toleilo  via 
Northern  Indiana  Road  in  March,  1852.  The 
lease  of  the  Erie  &  Kalamazoo,  August  1,  1849, 
settled  the  struggle  for  sujiremacy  between 
Monroe  and  Toledo,  in  favor  of  the  latter. 
The  Presidents  of  this  Company  were  James 
J.    Godfrey,    1840-47;    Tunis   B.    Van  Brunt, 


RAILWAYS. 


407 


1847-48:  Charles  Noble,  1848-49;  (4oo.  Blis.s, 
1849-52;  John  B.  Jervis,  1852-53;  Kobert  B. 
Doxtater,  1853;  John  B.  Jervi.s,  1854-55.  The 
Superintendents  were  J.  II.  Clevohind,  184fl.4(( 
(while operated  by  State  of  Michigan);  Thomas 
G.  Cole,  1840-5t)";  Lewi.s  W.  Aslilej-,  1850  51  ; 
E.  P.  Williams,  1851-2;  Joseiih  H.  Moore, 
1852-54;  James  Moore,  1854-55  (to  eoiisolida- 
tion). 

The  Nortlu'rn  Indiana  Railroad  (orig-inally 
the  Butl'alo  and  Mi.ssissipjii)  extended  from  the 
Michigan  State  line  to  (!hicago.  It  wa.s  pro- 
jeetetl  in  1835,  and  with  different  spasmodic 
efforts  was  kept  alive  until  1849,  when  the 
eontrol  of  the  enterprise  passed  into  the  hands 
of  the  Litchfielils,  wlio  were  rapidly  pushino- 
the  Miehigan  Southern  West,  and  on  Maj'  22, 
1852,  the  first  train  jia.sscd  over  the  two  IJoads, 
the  Michigan  Southern  and  flic  Northern  Indi- 
ana, from  Toletlo  to  Chicago.  Three  years 
later,  in  April,  1855,  the  Michigan  Southern 
and  the  Northern  Indiana  were  consolidated. 
The  following  is  a  list  of  the  Presidents  of  the 
Indiana  IJoad  during  the  protracted  ]ieriod  of 
incubation:  Ilobert  Stewart,  1837;  Gen. 
Joseph  t)rr,  1837-41;  Jonathan  Burr,  1841; 
(interim  of  eight  years),  William  B.  Ogden, 
1847;  (interim  of  two  ye.-irs)  E.  W.  Chaml)er- 
lain,  1850;  James  II.  Barnes,  1851;  John 
Stryker,  1851;  George  Bliss,  1852;  John  B. 
JervLs,  1852-55. 

Tlie  following  comparative  statement  sliows  some- 
tliing  of  the  growth  of  busine.ss  on  the  line  of  the 
old  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Road  : 


Stations. 

Population. 

Tons    Freight 
Fonvardcd, 

Passmijei-s 
Fonvardcd. 

1880. 

1880. 

1800. 

1880. 

1800. 

1880. 

Toledo 

Hollanil 

13,708 

50,143 

2.30 

1,350 

201,784 

31 

1,010 

292 

447 

8.S0 

1,181 

410 

885,lli2 
5.S8 

:'.12 

3,0tH 

517 

1,404 

4,.54« 

390 

43 

15,788 

39.914 

489 

3,227 

178 

I(i8,407 
2  OIK 

Sylvania 

1,222 

0,591 
3,598 

WODII 

m-AA- 

Blissliold 

1.827 

1,225 

3a5 

491 

1,914 

928 

748 

25,423 

3,905 

l,2:!5 

210 

I.eiuiwee  .Int 

11  l.Vl 

Adrian  _ 

0,213 

7,819 

9,045 

57,841 

Tlie  total  traffic  of  this  line  in  1S37,  was  !J!r>5,S21  ; 
in  1838,  $50,480;  in  1S;«I.  |4(>,10!l;  in  1S40,  ii3.'),.')44. 

The  con.solidation  of  the  Michigan  Southern 
and  Northern  Indiana  Roads  took  place  May  1, 
1855.  The  new  (!om])any  at  once  set  about 
very  vigorous  measures  for  extending  its  facili- 
ties, and  the  Air  Ijine  (Toledo  to  Elkhart, 
Indiana)  and  the  Toledo  and  Detroit  Eoacl 
were  constructed,  and  the  Jackson  Branch  ex- 
tended to  its  Northern  terminus.  The  elegant 
Lake  Steamers,  the  Western  Metropolis  and 
the  City  of  Buffalo,  were  then  provided,  for 
traffic  between  Toledo  and  Buffalo. 

The  financial  revulsion  of  1857  found  the 
Company  in  an  extended  condition  fuianciall)-, 
which   soon    led    almost  to    annihilation.     Its 


stock  fell  from  115  in  1850,  to  five  and  six  per 
cent,  in  1859.  The  Board  of  Directors  all  re- 
signed, and  a  new  Board  were  chosen ;  and  it 
is  stated  that  at  their  first  meeting  in  New 
York,  they  were  compelled  to  borrow  chairs 
from  adjoining  offices,  the  Sheriff  havingtaken 
the  office  furniture  under  one  of  the  155  judg- 
ments obtained  by  its  creditors.  Henry  Keep 
and  his  friends  got  the  conli'ol  of  the  I'oad  in 
ISOO  at  a  low  cost  and  soon  improved  its  con- 
dition, by  which  means  it  was  in  shape  to  take 
such  advantage  of  the  sudden  increase  of  traffic 
can.sed  by  the  War  of  18(11-5,  that  its  st()ck  in 
1803  had  gone  u])  to  110  per  cent.  The  fir.st 
tlividend  was  declari^d  August  1,  18G3,  the  day 
on  which  the  energetic  Superintendent,  John 
D.  Campbell,  died"  in  Bo.ston.  In  1809,  tliis 
IJoad  was  consolidated  with  the  Lake  Shore 
Pailway.  Its  Presidents  have  been— 1.  John 
Wilkinson;  2.  Edwin  C.  Litchfield;  3.  Jona- 
than II.  Eansom;  4.  John  B.  Jervis;  5.  Geo. 
lMi.ss;  6.  Elisha  M.  Gilbert;  7.  Martin  L. 
Sykes,  Jr.;  8.  Elijah  B.  Phillips.  And  the 
General  Superintendents:  1.  James  Moore  ; 
2.  Sam.  Brown:  3.  John  D.  Campbell;  4. 
Henry  H.  Porter;  5.  Charles  P.  Hatch. 

THE  EASTERN  RAILWAY  LINES. 

The  Toledo,  Norwalk  and  Cleveland  Rail- 
road Companj'  was  organized  in  September, 
1850,  had  its  lino  constructed  from  Toledo  to 
Cleveland  via  Fremont,  Norwalk  and  Oberlin, 
the  first  train  arriving  at  Toledo,  December  20, 
1852.  It  was  consolidated  with  the  Junction 
Railroad  in  1853.  Its  Directors  were  C  L. 
Boalt,  1850-53  (died,  1870);  Timothy  Baker, 
1850-53  (died,  1878);  E.  B.  Perkins,"  1850-52: 
Frederick  Chapman,  1850.53  (died,  1801); 
Matthew  Johnson,  1850-53  (died,  18G1);  Alvin 
(iole.s,  1850-52;  Dr.  tu-o.  G.  Baker,  1850-51 
(ilied,  1877)  ;  Prof.  Henry  Cowles,  1851-53  ; 
Sardis  Birchard,  1852-53  (died,  1874);  John 
H.  Whitaker,  1852-53  (died,  1882).  The  officers 
were  CUiarles  L.  Boalt,  President,  Timothy 
Baker,  Vice  President ;  E.  B.  Phillips,  Super- 
intendent. 

The  Junction  Railroad  Company  was  organ- 
ized in  1850,  with  the  following  Directors: 
Ebenezer  Lane  (President),  S.  W.  Baldwin,  E. 
DcWitt  R.  Starr,  N.  B.  Gates,  R.  McEachron, 
Ileman  Ely,  Jr.,  Artemas  Beebe,  Alvin  Coles, 
A.  M.  Porter,  Heman  B.  Ely,  John  A.  Poote, 
Daniel  Hamilton.  This  Road  was  a  rival  for 
the  Toledo,  Norwalk  and  Cleveland,  its  line 
running  from  Cleveland,  via  Elyria,  Sandnsky, 
Port  Clinton,  Millbuiy,  Porrysburg  4ind  Mau- 
mee  City  to  Swanton,  Lucas  Count}-,  where  it 
was  designed  to  connect  with  the  Air  Line 
branch  of  the  Michigan  Southern  and  Northern 
Indiana  Road,  and  thus  to  constitute  a  cut-oflf 
and  a  diversion  of  traffic  via  Sandu.sdy.  The 
Construction  of  the  Road  was  undertaken  and 
prosecuted  as  fast  as  the  means  of  the  Com- 
pany would  admit,  until  1853,  when,  as  stated, 


408 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


it  was  coiisoliilaled  with  its  rival,  and  the 
Cleveland  and  Toledo  lload  thus  formed.  The 
main  reliance  of  both  these  lines  for  construc- 
tion was  on  County  and  Town  subscriiitions  to 
their  stock,  and  success  or  failure  lart;cly  dc- 
]ion(led  on  the  coni|iaralivo  facility  with  which 
such  aid  was  ohtaiiied.  It  turned  out  that  the 
Southern  or  Norwalk  line  was  most  prompt  in 
that  respect,  and  as  a  consequence,  it  was 
pushed  most  etfeclivoly,  and  soon  gained  van- 
tage-i,fround  which  secured  the  construction  of 
itiTline;  while  the  Junction  or  Sandusky  enter- 
prise was  strucgliiig  for  eoni])letion,  its  nian- 
airers  being  finall}'  relieved  of  their  embarrass- 
nient  through  consolidation.  The  principal 
Town  subscriptions  for  the  Toledo,  Norwalk 
and  Cleveland  f'oad,  were— Toledo,  $50,000; 
Fremont,  §40,000  ;  IJollevue,  $20,000  ;  Norwalk, 
$54,000;   Oberlin,  $15,000. 

The  first  publicmeetiiigof  citizens  of  Toledo, 
in  connection  with  the  Lake  Shore  (Toledo, 
Norwalk  and  Cleveland)  l?ailroad,  was  held 
September  0,  1850,  of  which  James  Myers  was 
Chairman  and  Henry  Bennett,  Secretary.  D. 
O.  Morton,  after  a  few  explanatory  remarks, 
introduced  JohTi  Gardiner  and  L)r,  (ieo.  G.Baker, 
of  Norwalk,  who  stated  what  had  been  done  in 
Lorain,  Huron  and  Sandusky  Counties  for  the 
proposed  Road.  John  C.  Spink,  of  Perrysburg, 
and  Andrew  Young  and  Elisha  Mack,  of  Man- 
mee,  spoke  of  the  plan  of  bringing  the  Eoad 
round  by  those  places,  to  avoid  the  necessity  of 
a  draw-bridge  at  Toledo.  John  Fitch,  H.  D. 
Mason,  Jlatthew  Johnson,  T.  IT.  Bradbury 
and  D.  O.  Morton,  as  a  Committee  for  the  pur- 
pose, reported  resolutions,  favoring  the  con- 
struction of  the  Road,  and  a  ('ity  subscription 
to  the  .stock  of  the  same.  John  L.  Greene,  of 
Fremont,  spoke  of  what  was  being  done  in 
Sandusky  County.  Judge  Mason  addressed 
the  meeting,  expressing  the  belief  that  the  pro- 
posed Road  would  become  "  a  link  in  the  great 
chain  of  Railroad  that  would  within  10  years 
unite  the  Atlantic  Avith  >San  Francisco."  Mat- 
thew Johnson,  W.  J.  Daniels,  T.  U.  Bradbury, 
-D.  O.  Morton  and  Henrj'  Bennett,  were  con- 
stituted a  Colnmittee  to  open  books  for  sub- 
scription to  the  stock  of  the  Toledo,  Norwalk 
and  Cleveland  Railroad  Company  ;•  John  E. 
Hunt,  Goo.  W.  Reynolds  and  John  Fitch,  were 
appointed  to  take  charge  of  the  matter  of  se- 
curing a  County  vote  for  subscription  of  stock 
to  the  same.  The  question  of  route  was  one  of 
prime  importance.  While  the  Toledo  2>eople 
naturally  prefei-red  the  direct  line  from  Fre- 
juont  to  their  City,  they  were  too  sagacious  to 
insist  upon  that,  and  largely  for  the  reason 
that  no  favorable  vote  by  the  County  could  be 
secured  upon  such  basis.  The  result  was,  that 
two  routes  were  decided  on  from  what  is  now 
Millbury  Station — one  to  Toledo  and  one  to 
Perrysburg  and  Maumee,  and  thence,  to  unite 
with  the  Toledo  line  at  Swanton. 

The  first  annual  report  of  President  Boalt  of 


the  Toledo,  Norwalk  and  Cleveland  Railroad, 
was  made  January  14,  185:5,  that  being  the  only 
one  made  before  consolidation.  The  report 
stated  that  votes  of  municipal  corporations 
in  aid  of  that  Road  wore  taken  in  the  S|iringoC 
1851.  The  contract  for  building  the  lioail  was 
let  to  Baxter,  Brown  &  Co.,  in  October  follow- 
ing. The  Road  was  opened  from  Cleveland  to 
Monroeville  (57  miles),  January  20,  185S,  and 
to  Toledo  the  same  year. 

In  this  connection  it  may  be  stated  that  the 
section  of  this  Road  which  in  185:5  was  esti- 
mated to  pay  niTie  per  cent,  on  $10,00(1  per 
mile,  in  1882  paid  seven  ]ier  cent,  on  $1(1(1,(100 
per  mile. 

In  1869  was  organized  the  Lake  Shore  and 
Michigan  Southern  Railway  Company,  bj'  the 
consolidation  of  the  following  lines,  to  wit; 

1.  J\liehigan  Southern  and  Northern  Indiana 
— Chicago  to  Toledo — with  branches.  2.  Cleve- 
land and  Toledo — Toledo  to  Cleveland.  :-5. 
Cleveland,  Painesville  and  Ashtabula — Cleve- 
land to  Erie.  4.  Buffalo  and  \iv\o  llailroad  — 
Erie  to  Buffalo.  The  foregoing  cornjianies  in- 
clude the  main  line,  Buffalo  to  Chicago  — 540 
miles -and  ;^24  miles  of  branches,  making  S(!4 
miles  of  the  Lake  Shoi-e  and  Michigan  Southern 
Railway  proper.  The  Com])any  also  has  the 
following  proprietary  Roads:  Toledo  and  De- 
troit, 02.29;  White  Pigeon  and  Kalamazoo, 
:30.08;  and  Jonesville  ami  Lansing,  01.14 — - 
total,  100.11. 

Few  names  are  as  prominent  in  connection 
with  the  construction  of  the  lines  now  consti- 
tuting the  Lake  Shore  and  Michigan  Southern 
Railway,  as  is  that  of  J.  H.  Sargent.  In  1840 
he  began  Railroad  engineering  in  the  employ 
of  the  Ohio  Railroad  Company,  with  which  he 
continued  until  the  collapse  of  that  enter])rise. 
Then  he  was  em])loyed  in  the  construction  of 
the  Cleveland,  Columbus  and  Cincinnati  Rail- 
way, remaining  there  until  engaged  in  1849  by 
the  Northern  Indiana  Railroad  Company,  to 
survey  a  line  between  LaPorte  and  Michigan 
City.  From  that  time  until  1854  he  was  on 
the  Toledo  and  Chicago  line.  In  an  address 
delivered  before  the  Civil  Engineers'  Club  of 
Cleveland,  August  9,  1887,  Mr.  Sargent  gave 
many  interesting  and  valuable  facts  and  inci- 
dents connected  with  his  professional  .service. 
Of  the  improveniont  and  occupancy  of  the 
Middle  Ground,  at  Toledo,  for  depot  ]iur|ioses, 
he  said  : 

A  circuitous  line,  crooking  around  among  the 
Streets  of  the  City,  had  been  surveyed.  I  had  been 
accustomed  to  deal  with  straiglit  lines,  so  here  again 
I  took  the  bull  by  the  liorns,  and,  starting  some  lour 
miles  out,  I  struck  a  tangent  .so  as  to  clear  the  bend 
of  Swan  Creek  and  dive  under  the  Canal  just  aliovo 
the  locks,  showing  a  deep  l^lue  clay  cut  for  three- 
quarters  of  a  mile.  This  i)roject  looked  large  in  those 
<l.ays  of  small  things  ;  tuit  the  advantages  were  too 
obvioii.s  to  be  rejected,  and  the  work  was  undi-itaken. 
The  Middle  Ground  was  all  under  water,  the  .shoalest 
being  four  feet.  A  pile-track  was  driven  three-quar- 
ters of  a  mile  from  the  shore  to  the  extreme  end  of 


RAILWAYS. 


•109 


the  Jliddlo  (iround.  Steam  excavators  were  placed 
:it  I  lie  cut,  and  this  heavy  cut  of  blue  rlay  was  traiis- 
fcn-rd  ti)  tlio  Middle  Groiuid  to  make  land,  and  I'onr- 
teen  aeres  where  the  new  jiassengerdionse  now  is, 
were  aeijuired  for  the  material  with  whieh  to  com- 
lilete  the  tillint;.  The  dock  line  was  estaljlished  at 
twelve  feet  water.  The  buttom  of  the  Middle  Ground 
was  a  rich  muck.  It  enclosed  a  bayou  of  stagnant 
water  very  prolific  of  frogs  and  malaria.  VVitliout 
the  help  of  the  divining  rod,  I  had  reason  to  believe 
that  we  might  find,  by  bOring,  other  water  than  the 
.Maumee.  I  drove  a  foot-square  box  into  the  mud, 
the  top  coming  above  the  water,  and  bored  inside  of  it 
sixty  feet.  Here  we  struck  bow  Idors  ami  coarse  gravel, 
and  below  them  the  lime  rock,  when  up  came  a 
stream  of  pure,  clean  water,  with  just  enough  sulphur 
in  it  to  be  distasteful  to  the  "  bacteria."  "This  pure 
fountain  had  much  to  do  with  the  health  of  the  engi- 
neers and  workmen,  who  had  to  work  in  and  above 
the  filth.  We  were  not  allowed  to  interrupt  the  nav- 
igation of  the  Canal ;  so  we  built  in  the  winter  a 
temporary  acipieduct  over  our  works  to  carry  the 
Canal.  Our  cut  cleared  the  Canal  lock  but  a  few 
feet,  and  our  foundation  was  lower  than  that  of  the 
lock.  When  our  excavation  was  well  out,  a  fiood 
came,  and  the  Canal  took  a  new  departure  and 
sought  the  Maumee  through  our  cut,  in.stead  of  its 
own  channel.  We  were  forced  to  lock  the  boats  down 
into  the  Maumee  12  miles  above  and  tow  them  down 
to  Toledo  all  one  Summer,  by  which  time  we  had 
completed  a  double-arched  culvert  or  roadway  for 
our  tracks.  The  State  forced  us  to  give  six  feet  of 
water-way,  so  tne  crown  stones  of  our  arches  were 
ten  inches  deep.  Over  this  we  laid  in  cement  a  two- 
inch  course  of  brick.  In  the  midst  of  it  all,  the 
cholera  liroke  out  with  great  vigor.  East  Toledo  was 
entirely  depopulated,  and  from  my  back  office  window 
I  saw'  the  freshly  filled  coffins  passed  out  of  the  win- 
dows of  the  houses  below.  I  .slept  in  a  bed-room  off 
my  office  alone.  A  bottle  of  cholera  medicine  by  the 
side  of  my  bed  was  perfectly  eft'ectual  without  being 
uncorked.  Persistent  human  effort  accomplished  its 
purpose  in  spite  of  opposing  forces.  So  this  Middle 
Cround  station  was  completed,  and  we  got  out  of  the 
Maumee  Valley  on  a  straight  line  and  on  a  twenty- 
foot  grade.  The  Island  House  was  built  for  an  eating- 
house  and  boarding-house  for  the  officers  of  the  road 
and  the  train  men.  It  was  afterwards  turned  into  a 
hotel. 

For  many  years,  Town.s  at  the  head  of  navi- 
gation on  navigable  streams  deemed  themselves 
.safe  from  Kailway  comjietition  which  required 
the  bridging  of  streams  below  them.  This  view 
was  based  upon  the  interpretation  of  the  ordi- 
nance of  1787,  establishing  tiie  Territory  of  the 
No.'thwest,  in  which  navigable  waters  were 
sought  to  be  protected  from  interruption  in 
their  proper  use.  Thus  it  was,  that  when  the 
Junction  Railroad  (from  Cleveland  to  San- 
dusky) was  in  progress  of  construction  in  1852, 
the  Milan  Canal  Company,  whose  line  extended 
•f)-om  tlie  Lake,  at  Huron,  to  Milan,  applied  to 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  (Judge  L.  B.  Otis, 
presiding),  for  an  order  to  restrain  the  Railroad 
Company  from  constructing  a  bridge  across 
the  Huron  River  at  Huron.  The  ground  for 
such  api)lication  was  the  claim  that  such  bridge 
would  "obstruct  the  navigation  "  of  the  plaint- 
iff's Canal.  The  Court  decided  that  the  right 
of  Railroads  to  cross  "  navigable  streams"  was 
settled  ;  that  such  crossing  must  be  made  in  a 
manner  to  interfere  with  the  prior  use  of  the 


stream  as  little  as  is  jiossible  with  practicability; 
and  that  it  was  not  shown  in  the  case,  tiiat  the 
jirojiiised  ino<hi  of  (-rossing  created  any  unnec- 
essary obstruction  to  the  navigation  of  tlie 
Canal.  Hence,  the  application  for  injunction 
was  denied.  Similar  unsuccessful  attempt  was 
made  to  prevent  the  construction  of  the  Cleve- 
land and  Toledo  Railroad  bridge  at  Toledo,  in 
1855. 

C.  P.  Leland,  Esq.,  Auditor  of  the  Lake 
Shore  and  ilichigan  Southern  Railroad,  and 
for  nearly  30  years  connected  therewith,  has 
furnished  much  of  interesting  history  of  the 
same,  which  has  been  freely  used  in  the  prepa- 
ration of  this  worlv.  In  an  address  delivered 
before  the  Civil  Engineers'  Club  of  Cleveland, 
May  10,  1887,  that  gentleman  gave  facts  and 
figures  of  value  connected  with  the  development 
of  the  great  Railway  system  of  tlie  country, 
from  which  the  following  statistics  of  the  Lake 
Shore  and  Michigan  Southern  Road  were  taken : 

Total  miles  of  track  used 2,101 

No.  of  locomotives  employed 526 

No.  of  cars 10,992 

Passengers  carried  5U  miles  average,  1886.  3,715,508 
Average  compensation  on  same .^1  08 

Tons  freight  transported,  average  192  miles.  8,l'05,597 
Average  chai-ge  per  100  tons  i)er  mile,  1854  .$.3  51 

1800,  2  16 

1865.  2  90 

"        "        "  "         1870.  1  50 

1875.  1  18 

1880.  75 

' "  "         1885.  65 

Meat  by  rail  to  seaboard  and   thence   by 

water  to  Liverpool,  per  100  lbs. 40 

No.  employes  of  the  Kailroad,  1886 10,400 

Amount  paid   same  in  March,  1886 $510,000 

Earnings  in  1S86 15,859,4.55 

Earnings  per  mile  in  1S86 ll,8l:i2 

THE  ERIE  GAUGE  AVAR. 

The  history  of  the  present  Railway  line  be- 
tween Buffalo  and  Chicago,  would  not  be  com- 
plete without  mention  of  what  was  known  as 
the  "Erie  Gauge  "War." 

For  20  years  of  Railway  progress  in  this 
country,  trains  of  each  Road  were  run  wholly 
separate  from  those  of  other  Roads,  there  being 
no  connection  of  cars,  everything — passengers, 
baggage  and  freight — being  transferred  at  the 
end  of  each  Road.  This  condition  is  in  .striking 
contrast  with  the  combinations  and  "Trunk 
Lines  "  of  the  present  day,  under  which  the  pas- 
sage is  made  across  the  continent  or  from  the 
Lakes  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  without  change 
of  cars,  while  baggage  and  freight  have  like 
uninterrupted  transit. 

The  first  attempt  to  run  through  passenger 
trains  between  Buffalo  and  Cleveland  was  made 
in  1853.  That  portion  of  the  present  Lake 
Shore  and  Michigan  Southern  Railway  had 
been  constructed  by  three  different  corpora- 
tions— the  Buffalo  and  Erie,  the  Erie  and  North- 
east and  the  Cleveland,  Painesville  and  Ashta- 
bula.    The  track  of  the  second  line  named  (20 


410 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


miles  Ions),  was  of  six  feet  gauge,  tliat  of  tlie 
others  being  four  feet  ten  inches.  At  the  date 
named,  the' Erie  and  Northeast  Road  came  into 
the  control  of  the  owners  of  the  two  connecting 
lines,  who  sought,  by  change  of  its  gauge,  to 
make  an  unbroken  track  between  Buffah)  and 
Cleveland.  That  Road  was  built  under  a 
charter  fi-om  the  Pennsylvania  Legislature, 
which  contained  a  provision  requiring  a  break 
of  irautje  at  Erie,  in  any  lineof  lioad  that  might 
be  built  upon  the  Lake  Shore  East  or  West 
from  that  place.  The  law  also  required  a 
change  in  gauge  in  the  direct  line  between  Erie 
and  "Pittsburgh  by  any  Road  crossing  that 
State.  A  chief  object  in  such  policy,  was  by 
arbitrary  law  to  turn  to  Philadelphia  the  tide 
ot  traffic  seeking  the  seaboard.  This  law,  how- 
ever, was  repealed  before  the  year  1853.  The 
people  and  authorities  of  Erie  determined  to 
])revent  such  change  of  gauge  on  the  Erie  and 
Northeast  Road  as  would  enable  trains  to  pass 
that  City  without  transhipment.  The  City 
Council  passed  ordinances  prohibiting  such 
change,  and  the  people  organized  and  made 
violent  resistance  to  the  same.  The  result  was 
that  transit  of  passengers  and  freight  on  that 
line  was  seriously  interrupted  for  some  time. 
The  new  track  was  torn  up  and  bridges  de- 
stroyed and  passengers  compelled  to  walk  and 
carry  their  baggage  for  a  distance  of  eight 
miles  or  pay  to  Erie  parties  SLOd  for  each  pas- 
senger, with  an  extra  charge  for  baggage.  As 
last  as  bridges  were  i-ebuilt  or  track  relaid, 
they  vvere  burned  or  torn  up.  The  purpose  of 
all  this  was  not  disguised.  It  was  avowed  by 
the  actors,  that  their  object  was  to  compel  the 
transhipment  of  all  traffic  passing  through  the 
City.  The  lawless  proceedings  had  the  full 
sympathy  and  support  of  both  the  Courts  and 
the  State  authorities.  Governor  Bigler,  De- 
cember 12,  1853,  telegraphed  from  Harrisburg  : 

My  sympathies  are  with  the  people  of  Erie,  and 
whatever  my  duties  and  the  laws  permit,  shall  be 
done  for  them.  If  my  presence  can  be  of  any  service 
I  will  cheerfully  come  out  to  }'our  place.  Let  me 
hear  from  you  by  telegraph. 

The  (rovernor  subsequently  visited  Erie,  and 
there  personally  co-operated  in  measures  for 
resisting  all  steps  looking  to  the  union  of  the 
Railway  tracks.  The  grounds  on  which  he 
acted  were  set  forth  in  a  .special  message  to  the 
Pennsylvania  Legislature,  in  which  he  said; 

It  so  happens  that  Pennsylvania  holds  the  key  to 
the  important  link  of  connection  between  the  East 
anil  the  West,  and  I  most  unhesitatingly  say,  that 
where  no  principle  of  amity  or  commerce  is  to  be 
violated,  it  is  the  right  and  duty  of  the  State  to  turn 
her  natural  advantages  to  the  promotion  and  welfare 
of  her  own  people.  It  may  be  that  neighboring  States, 
possessing  similar  natural  advantages,  would  give 
them  away  U>r  our  benefit ;  but  I  have  not  been  able 
to  discover  any  aet  in  their  former  policy  to  justify 
such  conclusion. 


Finally,  the  Railroad  Company  applied  to 
the  United  States  Court  at  Pittsburgh  for  pro- 
tection from  the  mob,  when  was  issued  a  decree 
enjoining  all  persons  from  molesting  the  Com- 
pany in  repairing  their  track.  This  process 
was  resisted,  and  as  soon  as  the  bridge  at 
Harbor  Creek  was  repaired,  it  was  again  torn 
down  by  the  mob  of  citizens.  Citations  vvere 
then  issued  to  offenders,  to  show  cause  why 
attachment  should  not  issue  against  them  for 
contempt.  One  Kilpatrick  was  arrested  and 
committed  by  the  Court,  but  the  mob  continued 
its  work.  Mayor  Lowry  and  one  or  two  others 
were  then  arrested,  but  before  the  United 
States  Marshal  could  make  return  of  .service, 
he  was  himself  arrestetl  by  the  Erie  authorities, 
on  the  ground  of  false  imprisonment  in  serving 
the  process  of  the  United  States  Court,  and 
committed  to  jail  and  compelled  to  give  bail  in 
a  large  amount.  The  mob  severely  beatayoung 
man  for  taking  notes  of  their  operations.  The 
Court  then  appealed  to  President  Pierce,  for 
aid  in  enforcing  its  process.  The  result  was 
favorable  to  the  Railroad  Company  ;  the  change 
of  gauge  soon  was  made,  without  further  re- 
sistance ;  the  "  Erie  Gauge  War "  was  over ; 
and  that  Cit^^  took  its  place  Avith  the  other  law- 
abiding  Stations  of  the  line. 

With  the  serious  side  of  this  matter,  was  the 
ludicrous  and  amusing  one.  The  case  came  to 
be  popularly  known  as  the  "Erie  Peanut  War," 
so  called  from  the  prominence  therein  of  the 
trade  of  huckstei'S,  who  sought  to  furnish  trav- 
elers with  food  and  othei-  su])plies.  This  idea, 
by  a  poet  of  the  time  was  embodied  in  verse,  as 
follows  : 

C.\KES  TO  SELL ! 
(As  Sting  by  Erie  Hucksters.) 

Here  your  nice,  sweet  cakes  ! 

Two  for  a  penny ! 
Here's  cakes,  sw'eet  cakes ! 

How  many  ?  how  many  ? 
We  must  sell  and  you  must  buy 
To  get  our  li\'lng— try  them,  try ! 
Stop  the  thousands  rushing  past ! 
They  have  no  right  to  go  so  fast. 

When  here's  your  nice,  sweet  cakes. 

Here's  your  nice,  sweet  cakes ! 

Two  lor  a  penny  ! 
Here's  your  cakes,  sweet  cakes ! 

How  many '/  how  many  ? 
We  must  sell  and  you  must  buy  ; 
We  must  live  or  you  must  die  ! 
When  our  kind  pursuasion  fails. 
Burn  the  bridges  !  break  the  rails! 

For  here's  your  nice,  sweet  cakes  ! 

Here's  your  nice,  sweet  cakes  ! 

Two  for  a  penny ! 
Here's  your  cakes,  sweet  cakes ! 

How  many'.'  how  many'i* 
We  must  bake,  and  you  must  buy- 
Now  you'll  be  obliged  to  try. 
Every  traveler  through  the  land 
Must"  leave  a  penny  on  this  staud — 

For  here's  your  nice,  sweet  cakes  I 

Here's  your  nice,  sweet  cakes  I 

Two  for  a  penny  I 
Here's  your  cakes,  sweet  cakes ! 

How  many  ?  how  many  '.^ 
We  have  baked  and  you  must  eat — 
Here's  a  man  shot  in  the  street! 
Now,  we're  sure  the  rushing  mass 
Will  drop  their  coppers  as  they  pass— 

For  here's  your  nice,  sweet  cakes  ! 


RAILWAYS. 


411 


THE  OHIO  RAILROAD  PROJECT. 

Tin'  first  movemerit  looking'  to  tbo  ortiistruc- 
tioii  of  a  Kailroiul  along  tliu  .Soutlieru  Shore  ol 
Lake  Erie,  was  that  of  the  OhioEailrr)a(l  Com- 
pany, whose  charter  bears  date  of  March  S, 
183().  The  enterprise  originated  cliiefly  with 
parties  in  Cleveland  and  in  Oiiio  East  of  that 
City.  The  charter  was  obtained  largely 
through  the  efforts  of  Nehemiah  Allen,  then  a 
Eepresentative  from  Geauga  County,  who  be- 
came tiie  President  of  the  Compan}-. 

The  plan  contemplated  a  Railway  from  the 
Pennsylvania  line  to  the  Maumee  Eiver,  Man- 
hattan being  the  Western  terminal  point.  The 
terms  of  the  charter  were  what  would  now  be 
regarded  as  highly  favorable,  since,  in  addition 
to  other  liberal  fi'auchises,  as  in  the  case  of  the 
Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad  Company,  it  con- 
ferred upon  the  Company  Banking  privileges, 
an  advantage  far  more  highlj^  prized  in  those 
days,  than  it  would  now  be.  But  in  addition 
to  this  important  aid,  which  was  fully  utilized, 
the  enterprise  had  the  benefit  of  what  came  to 
be  known  as  the  "  Plunder  Law,"  by  which 
the  State  was  pledged  to  furnish  its  bonds  to 
the  extent  ofone-half  of  whatever  amounts  Rail- 
way, Turnpike  and  Canal  Companies  should 
report  as  received  on  stock  subscriptions  for 
their  respective  works;  thus  making  the  State 
one-third  owner  in  all  such  enterprises.  There 
being  no  ]iro])er  restriction  as  to  the  manner  of 
])ayments  of  subscriptions,  much  looseness  was 
practiced  in  that  connection — real  estate,  labor 
and  other  materials  olten  being  taken  at  fabu- 
lous rates,  the  higher  being  the  better  for  the 
Company,  since  such  payments  furnished  basis 
for  corresponding  amountsof  State  subscription. 
It  could  hardly  be  a  matter  of  surprise,  that 
under  such  extraordinary  inducement,  schemes 
and  projects  of  all  sorts  should  be  devised. 
-  When  this  unfortunate  act  was  repealed,  the 
State  had  contributed  to  vai'ious  enterprises 
under  its  jirovisions  as  follows: 

For  Railroads — Mad  River  and  Lake  Erie  (San- 
dusky to  Dayton),  !|2!i?,,0.50  ;  Little  Miami  (Dayton  to 
Cincinnati),  1121,900  ;  Vermillion  and  Ashlan.d(mouth 
of  Vermillion  River  to  Ashland),  $4S,4-')0— Road  never 
built ;  Sanduskv  and  Man.sticld,  i:i.3,oo3  ;  Ohio  Kail- 
mad,  $24!i,0lHI.  'Total  for  Railroads,  $745,733. 

For  Turn])ikes— $2,479,558.     Total,  |3,21o,291. 

The  cost  of  Canals  to  same  date,  $1.'), 320, 898. 

Grand  total  of  investments  named  to  1845,  -f  18,- 
o3t),189. 

The  Ohio  Railroad  Company  was  organized 
at  Paincsville,  April  25,  183C,  when  subscrip- 
tions of  stock  to  a  considerable  amount  were 
received,  which  were  subsequently,  from  time 
to  time,  increased.  The  corporators  were  R. 
Harper,  Eliphalet  Austin,  Thomas  Richmond, 
a.  W.  Card,  lleman  Ely,  John  W.  Allen,  John 
C  Camp,  P.  M.  Weddell,  Edwin  Byington, 
James  Post,  Eliphalet  Redington,  Charles  C. 
Paine,  Storm  Rosa,  Rice  HariDer,  Henry  Phelps, 
H.  J.  Rees. 


The  first  subscription  to  the  stock  of  the 
Comjiany  was  made  atNorwalk,  between  April 
25lh  and  May  5,  1880,  and  amounted  to  $108,- 
500,  of  which  $28,425  was  lejwrted  as  paid  in 
cash.  November  10,  18H7,  $751,800  was  sub- 
.scribed  at  Willoiighby,  Lake  County.  January 
24,  18:58,  $508,151  was  added,  of  which  (ieo.  W. 
Card,  for  himself  and  others,  took  S240,()()(),  in- 
cluding $(i4,000  for  the  Maumee  Land  and  Rail- 
road Company  at  Manhattan,  and  other  sums 
ranging  from  $3,400  to  $28,000. 

The  line  of  the  proposed  Ohio  Railroad  ex. 
tended  from  the  Pennsylvania  State  line  to  the 
Maumee  River  at  Manhattan,  a  distance  of  177 
miles,  Cleveland,  Sandusky  and  I^'romont  being 
points  thereon.  The  plan  of  construction  was 
as  follows : 

A  si>aoe  100  feet  wide  was  cleared.  For  the  track, 
112  piles,  and  l,0.5(i  ties  per  mile  were  used— the  for- 
mer varying  from  7  to  28  feet  in  length  (according  to 
the  sueface  of  the  ground),  and  froui  12  to  Ui  inches 
in  diameter  ;  while  the  ties  were  nine  feet  long  and 
eight  inches  in  diameter.  The  piles  were  driven  by 
a  machine,  consi.sting  of  two  sills  30  or  40  feet  long, 
placed  parallel  at  a  distance  of  seven  feet,  that  being 
the  width  of  the  track.  At  the  forward  end  of  these 
.sills  were  erected  four  timbers,  termed  "  leaders,"  30 
feet  high,  between  which,  on  each  side,  the  iron 
hammers,  weighing  1,000  pounds  each,  were  raised 
and  let  fall  upon  the  piles.  A  circular  saw  attached 
to  a  shaft  projecting  between  the  leaders,  cut  the  pile 
to  the  proper  grade,  when  the  driver  was  moved  and 
the  operation  repeated. 

These  machines  employed  eight  men,  and  drove 
about  40  piles  per  day,  covering  some  20  rods  in  dis- 
tance. Upon  the  heads  of  each  pair  of  piles  was 
fitted  a  tie,  8x8  inches,  in  which  a  gain  was  cut  nine 
inches  wide  and  four  deep,  the  tie  bemg  pinned 
down  through  this  gain  with  a  two-inch  cedar  pin  ; 
but  before  this  was  done,  half  a  pint  of  salt  was  de- 
posited in  the  augur-hole  of  each  pile,  which,  per- 
meating the  wood,  was  expected  materially  to  pre- 
serve the  .same  from  decay.  A  locomotive  saw-mill, 
upon  the  track  and  behind  the  pile-driver,  attendetl 
by  three  men,  jirepared  the  rails  at  the  rate  of  900 
lineal  feet  per  day.  These  rails  or  .stringers  were  8x8 
inches  and  15  feet  long.  On  the  wood  stringers  thus 
provided  were  to  be  placed  iron  (".strap  ")  rails,  of 
the  weight  of  25  tons  to  the  mile.  Belund  all,  upon 
tfie  prepared  track,  was  a  boarding-house,  for  the 
work-hands,  which  moved  with  the  rest  of  the 
establishment. 

The  following  was  the  estimated  cost  of  the 
Road,  per  mile,  as  made  by  Cyrus  Williams, 
Chief  Engineer,  to  wit: 

42,S40  feet  Chestnut  sills  at  $7perM - $    195  68 

.3ti,'.l50  feet  white  wood  rails  at  SIO 360  50 

1,7B0  white  oak  ties  lit  aoc 352  00 

(iOO  splicing  liloeks  at  lie :«  00 

3,520  white  oak  wedges  at  $5  per  M 17  00 

25  tons  iron  plate  at  S80 2,000  00 

1,414  spikes  at  9c ,  127  20 

420  pounds  end  plates  at  8c :i"i  tiO 

Labor  laying  down  Road 000  00 

Total  cost  of  one  mile S3,831  74 

The  Chief  Engineer  said  of  the  plan  : 

The  superstructure  is  contemplated  to  be  of  the 
usual  form  used  in  New  York  and  Xew  Jersey, 
having  a  rail  plate  of  25  tons  to  the  mile.  The 
graded  surface  to  be  24  feet  wide  in  embankments, 
and  3(1  feet  in  excavations,  witli  a  slope  of  IJi  hori- 


A\2 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


zontal  to  one  vertical,  liaving  the  proper  ditches 
tlirougli  the  excavations.  The  large  streams  and 
valleys  are  estimated  to  be  passed  by  wooden  via- 
iliicts;  in  those  that  are  of  importance  the  timber 
and  fraiuin"  to  be  completely  protc^ctcd  from  the 
weather.  Tlie  small  ones  will  be  built  in  a  simple 
form,  as  per  plan,  and  can  he  replaced  when  decay- 
ing by  earth  embankments  and  stone  arclies,  which, 
with  "the  facilities  alForded  by  the  Koad  for  convey- 
ing materials,  can  be  done  at  less  expense  than  at 
present. 

The  estimated  cost  of  tlie  entire  Road,  with 
double  ti-aek,  buildings,  &c.,  was  $2,053,676,  or 
816,000  per  mile.  Tlie  first  jiilo  was  driven  at 
a  jjoint  near  the  present  Lake  Shore  station  at 
Fremont,  June  19,  1839.  The  work  was 
]iroseeuted  mainly  between  that  ijoint  and 
Manhattan,  and  to  some  extent  Eastward  to- 
ward Olevftland,  with  tlie  hope  of  completing 
that  portion  (110;f  miles)  in  the  spring  of  1842, 
when  connection  was  to  be  made  at  Sandusky 
with  the  Mad  River  and  Lake  Erie  (now  the 
Indiana,  Burlington  and  Western)  Road,  then 
comjilcted  as  far  Soutli  as  Tiffin  ;  also  connec- 
tion with  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Road  at 
Toledo,  and  with  roads  projected  from  Man- 
hattan to  Monroe  and  Detroit. 

The  condition  of  affairs  as  to  facilities  for 
transportation  at  the  West  at  that  time,  is 
shown  by  the  Chief  Engineer's  showing  of 
traffic  which  the  Road  was  expected  to  secure, 
to  wit; 

The  Road  will  receive  travel— 1st.  From  the  Ohio 
River,  by  the  Mad  River  and  Lake  Erie  Railroad. 
2d.  From  Missouri  and  Illinois,  by  the  Terre  Haute 
and  Alton,  and  the  Peoria  and  Logansport  Railroad  ; 
through  the  Wabash  and  Erie  Canal  and  Railroad ; 
.3d.  From  Chicago,  through  the  Wabash  and  Erie 
Canal.  4th.  From  Evansville  and  Indianapolis,  by 
Railroad  and  the  AVabash  and  Erie  Canal,  .jtli. 
From  Evansville,  by  the  Indiana  and  Wabash  and 
Erie  Canals.  Gth.  From  Lake  Michigan,  by  the 
Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad.  7th.  From  Detroit, 
by  the  Detroit,  Monroe,  Huron  and  Manhattan 
Railroad. 

As  already  mentioned,  the  Western  terminus 
of  this  Road  was  Manhattan,  at  that  time  an 
active  and  vigorous  rival  of  Toledo,  but  now 
constituting  a  part  of  that  City. '  The  Road 
was  to  cross  the  Maumee  River  "at  that  point, 
and  there  connect  with  the  proposed  Detroit 
Railroad.  Of  the  work  accomplished  March 
22, 1842,  the  Chief  Engineer  said  : 

The  superstructure  from  the  Maumee  River  to 
Lower  Sandusky  (Fremont)  29  miles,  is  now  com- 
plftod.  On  the  line  between  Lower  Sandu.sky  and 
Huron  (:!3  miles),  there  are  less  than  three  mi'les  of 
lilies  yet  to  drive  ;  and  to  complete  the  62  miles,  it 
will  require  an  additional  expenditure  of  $41,808,  of 
which  )s;l0,850  will  be  required  for  the  Sandu.sky 
River  bridge  at  Lower  Sandiiskv.  The  47  miles  be- 
twecMi  Huron  and  Cleveland,  was  put  under  contract 
in  December  last,  and  over  one-third  of  the  work  is 
now  completed. 

The  Directors,  in  March,  1842,  published  a 
statement  of  the  financial  condition  of  the 
Company,  which   showed    its  indebtedness  to 


consist  of  orders  drawn  on  its  Treasurer  out- 
standing (in  circulation),  $37,694  ;  due  to  con- 
tractors, $30,274.82  :  to  depositors  (in  Banking 
office),  $5,903.72;  total  indebtedness,  $73,872.- 
54.  Its  assets  consisted  of  real  estate  in  Ash- 
tabula, Lake,  Cuyahoga.  Erie,  Sandusky, 
Ottawa  and  Lucas  (received  mainly  on  stock 
subscriptions),  $154,220;  duo  from  ihe  State, 
$152,251.52.  These  made  a  total  of  $305,471  ; 
and  left  a  balance  of  $231,598.98,  be.side 
$32,110  worth  of  machinery.  The  President 
had  been  authorized  to  sell  the  lands  for  the 
purpose  of  jiaying  the  debts.  The  managers 
continued  their  efforts  to  keep  the  work  alive 
until  the  spring  of  1843,  when  oj)erations 
wholly  ceased,  without  a  mile  of  track  being 
completed.  It  was  generallj'  looked  upon  as 
the  scheme  of  visionaries,  and  its  management 
in  no  small  degree  ju.stitied  such  view  ;  and 
yet,  it  was  only  10  years  from  the  date  of  its 
collapse,  to  the  actual  opening  of  the  Cleve- 
land and  Toledo  division  of  the  present  Lake 
Shore  Road.  It  was  easy  enough  afterwards 
to  see  how,  by  concentrating  effort,  the  line 
between  the  Maumee  and  Sandusky  Rivers 
might  have  been  comjileted,  and  success  thus 
assured;  but  the  Comjianj^  had  to  deal  with 
too  many  points  jealous  of  each  other,  and 
was  thus  led  to  scatter  its  resourees  and  invite 
the  fiiilure  which  followed. 

Subsequent  investigation  bj'  the  Auditor  of 
State  revealed  a  condition  of  things  essentially 
different  from  that  represented  b}-  the  Direc- 
tors. It  was  found  that  the  aggregate  of  stock 
subscriptions  was  $1,991,776  ;  of  which  sum 
only  $13,980  was  paid  in  cash  ;  $8,000  to$10,000 
being  in  labor  and  material,  and  $5.33,776  in 
lands  and  town  lots.  On  such  basis,  State 
bonds  had  been  issued  to  the  Company  to  the 
amount  of  $249,000.  Samples  were  given  by 
the  Auditor  showing  that  the  values  jjlaced  on 
the  real  estate  received  by  the  Company  were 
altogether  fabulous.  For  instance,  the  "  Lord 
farm,"  in  Brooklyn  Township,  Cuyahoga 
County,  put  in  at  $33,300,  stood  on  the  tax  list  at 
$3,748,  with  a  mortgage  on  itofS4,00<l;  a  parcel 
taken  at  $6,000  was  taxed  at  $20.  It  appeared 
that  immediately  after  accepting  these  lands, 
and  on  their  drawing  State  bonds,  the  Com- 
pany proceeded  to  sell  them  as  fast  as  they 
could  find  buyers,  ,ind  in  that  way  disposed  of 
$59,678  worth,  in  many  cases  being  returned 
to  the  parties  from  whom  they  were  received, 
and  at  greatlj'  reduced  prices.  The  sole  reli- 
ance of  the  Company  for  means,  consisted  in 
State  bonds  and  its  own  notes,  which  latter  it 
was  allowed  to  issue  for  circulation,  which  it 
issued  to  a  large  amount,  and  which  never 
were  redeemed.  It  appeared  that  the  entire 
cash  expenditures  of  the  Company  amounted 
to  $237,220,  or  $11,780  less  than  th'e  amount  of 
bonds  received  from  the  State. 

The  scheme  finally  collajised  in  July,  1843, 
upon   non-payment  of  interest  on  the  bonds 


RAILWAYS. 


413 


issued  by  tlie  State.  The  President  of  the 
Coiniianj',  :iiid  its  cliicf  manager,  was  Nclie- 
iniab  Alien,  of  Willoughby.  The  General 
Superintendent  was  Samuel  Wilson,  Wil- 
lougbby ;  and  the  Chief  Engineer,  Cyrus 
Williams,  a  man  justly  ])roniinent  in  his  pro- 
fession, who  died  in  Cleveland  many  years 
since.  Judge  Allen  was  born  in  Whitestown, 
New  York, '^November  10,  17110.  In  1817,  at 
the  age  of  27,  he  came  to  Ohio,  settling  at 
AVilloughby,  where  lie  engaged  in  business. 
In  1835,  he  was  elected  as  Eepresentative  to 
the  Ohio  Legislature  from  Geauga  County, 
where  he  was  active  in  securing  the  charter  of 
the  Ohio  Railroad  Company,  of  which  cor2)0- 
ration  he  was  the  President  throughout  its 
existence,  and  to  which  he  devoted  his  un- 
divided attention,  as  well  as  iiis  private  means. 
Upon  the  failure  of  the  otiterprise.  Judge 
Allen  removed  to  Manhattan,  where  he  en- 
gaged in  milling,  and  went  to  Toledo  in  1850, 
I'emainiiig  there  until  his  death,  August  4, 
1861.  He  was  of  (Quaker  descent,  and  in  high 
degree  possessed  the  qualities  of  reserve  and 
modesty.  He  was  an  intellectual  man,  much 
devoted  to  the  higher  order  of  reading.  His 
funeral  on  the  Gtli  of  August,  Avas  attended  by 
a  lafge  number  of  citizens,  and  especially  of 
the  older  residents. 

THE  WABASH  RAILWAY. 

The    pioneer  Eailroad    of  the   West    (from 
Toledo  to  Adrian)  had   hardly  been  opened  to 
traffic   l)efore  the  matter  of  connecting  Lake 
Erie  with  the  Mississippi  by  like  means  was 
proposed.     The   first  record  of  that  sort  found 
cousiets  of  an  editorial  item  in  the  Blade  of 
July  11,  1837,  wherein  it  was   stated  that  an 
unbroken  chain  of  Railroad  had  been  provided 
for  by  charters  from  Toledo   to  the  waters  of 
the    Mississippi.     The    Toledo    and    Sandusky 
Railroad  Company  was  authorized  to  construct 
a    Road    from    Sandusky    via  Toledo   to    the 
Indiana    State    line.     There  it  would  connect 
with    the    Buffalo   and    Mississi]j)ii    Railroad, 
])assing,  via  Michigan  City,  to  the  Illinois  line, 
there  to  connect  with  the  Chicago  and  Galena 
Union    Railroad,   which,  by   its   charter,   was 
authorized  to  begin   at  the  Eastern  boundary 
of  Illinois,   and   extend    through    Chicago   to 
Galena.     A  preliminary  survey  of  a  portion  of 
the  route  between  Toledo  and    Michigan  City 
and    Chicago   and    Galena    had    already-    been 
made   by  James   Seymour,  Engineer,  and  jiart 
of  the  former  line  put  under  contract.     This 
project  was  never  |)ut  in  execulicm. 

The  plan  of  a  direct  Railway  fi-oni  Toledo, 
through  the  Wabash  Valley  to  the  Mississi])])i, 
was  first  given  definite  form  in  1852.  An  early 
step  in  thai  direction  consisted  of  a  meeting 
held  at  Logansport,  Indiana,  June  22d  of  that 
year,  in  the  interest  of  the  Toledo  and  Wabash 
Railway.  The  movement  was  largely  a  result 
of  personal  efforts  and   newspaper  discussion 


by  Mr.  T.  G.  Miller,  who  spent  some  lime  in 
(he  Sin-ing  of  1852  on  the  line  of  (he  proposed 
Road.  A  meeting  to  appoint  delegates  to  thai 
Convention  was  held  at  Toledo,  June  llth. 
with  H.  D.  Mason  as  Chairman  ;  T.  G.  Miller, 
James  Mj'ers,  Edward  Bissell,  Matthew  John- 
son, Richard  Mott,  and  Simeon  Fitch,  Jr.,  as 
Vice  Presidents;  and  Charles  W.  Hill,  as  Sec- 
retary. The  following  named  delegates  to  the 
Logansport  Convention  were  appoinfed  from 
Toledo:  Sanford  L.  Collins,  Frank  J.King, 
V.  H.  Ketcham,  L.  B.  Lathrop,  Lyman  T. 
Tha3-er,  Geo.  W.  Scott,  Simeon  Fitch,  Samuel 

B.  Scott,  Matt.  Johnson,  H.  L.  Ilosmer,  M.  II. 
Waite,  J.  W.  Scott,  J.  W.  Kelsey,  C.  M.  Dorr, 

C.  G.  Keeler  and  J.  M.  Ashley.  The  Logans- 
jjort  Convention  embraced  about  70()  dele- 
gates, representing  various  points  on  the  pro- 
])osed  line.  Steps  were  taken  for  immediate 
measures  for  the  construction  of  the  Indiana 
portion  of  the  work. 

Several  routes  were  surveyed  from  a  [loint 
one  and  a  half  miles  South  of  the  Wabash  and 
Erie  Canal  at  the  Ohio  and  Indiana  State  lino, 
to  Danville,  Illinois.  The  survey  was  made 
under  direction  of  Wm.  Durbin,  Civil  Engineer, 
of  Sandusky. 

Part  of  the  plan  was  that  from  the  Indiana 
State  line  two  Roads  should  be  constructed — 
one  to  Sandusky,  to  connect  with  the  Junction 
Railroad  East;  and  the  other  to  Toledo,  to 
form  a  junction  with  a  proposed  Canada  line. 
The  Sandusky  line  was  never  undertaken. 
Soon  after  completing  his  surveys,  Mr.  Durbin 
resigned  his  position  as  Engineer,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Warren  Colburn,  of  the  Rochester, 
Lockport  and  Niagara  Railroad.  iSoon  there- 
after the  contract  for  the  Ohio  section  was  let 
to  Boody,  Ross  &  Co.,  of  New  York,  to  bo  com- 
pleted in  1855. 

While  the  purpose  of  the  jirojectors  of  this 
important  enterprise,  was  to  form  a  direct  and 
continuous  route,  with  a  single  management, 
from  Toledo  to  the  Missisisippi,  it  was  deen\cd 
best  to  accomplish  such  end  with  distinct  or- 
ganizations in  the  three  States  through  which 
the  Road  would  pass.  Hence,  the  Toledo  and 
Illinois  Railroad  Company  was  organized  in 
Ohio,  early  in  1853,  to  build  the  Eastern  sec- 
tion of  the  line,  between  Toledo  and  the  West- 
ern Ohio  boundary  line  in  Paulding  Countj- ; 
and  the  Lake  Erie,  Wabash  and  St.  Ijouis  Rail- 
road Company  was  organized  in  August,  1853, 
to  continue  the  work  down  the  \'alleys  of  Little 
and  Wabash  Rivers,  to  a  point  on  the  West 
line  of  Indiana,  in  the  general  direction  of 
Danville,  Illinois,  a  proposed  length  of  11)0 
miles  wlien  o]iened. 

In  August,  185(i,  these  Com])anies  win-e  con- 
solidated under  the  name  of  the  Toledo,  Wabash 
and  Western  Railroad  Company.  The  new 
corporation  being  unable  to  meet  thejoint  obli- 
gations of  the  two  Companies,  the  Toledo  and 
Illinois  Road  was  sold  by  order  of  Court,  Octo- 


•114 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ber  7,  1858,  to  Azariah  Boody,  for  the  sum  of 
$800,  subject  to  the  mortgages;  and  the  prop- 
erty of  the  Lake  Erie,    Wabash  and  St.   Louis 
Company  was  sold  Ootober  5, 1858,  to  the  same 
party  for  $1,000    subject  to  like  encumbrance. 
In  accordance  with  au  understanding  had  pi-e- 
vious  to  these  sales    two  new  companies  were 
organized,  to-wit :     The   Toledo  and   Wabash 
Kailroad  Company  (for  Ohio),  and  the  Wabash 
and    Western    Company  (for  Indiana),  which, 
respectively,  took  the  Eoad  from  Toledo  to  the 
Illinois    line.     The    corporations    west  of  the 
Illinois  line  consisted    of  the    Great   Western 
Kailroad  Company  of  Illinois,   extending  from 
that  point  to  Meredosia,  Iilint)is,  175  miles,  with 
a  branch  from  Bluffs  to  Naples,  four  miles;  the 
Quincy  and  Toledo  Road,    from   Meredosia   to 
Camp    Point,  34  miles;  and  the  Illinois    and 
Southern  Railroad  Company,  Clayton   to   Car- 
thage, 29  miles,  were,   in  May,  June  and  July, 
1865,  consolidated  with  the  two  Ohio  and  Illi- 
nois Comjjanies,  under  the  name  of  the  Toledo, 
Wabash  and  Western  Railway  Company.     In 
August,  1870,  was  perfected  the  consolidation 
of  this    Company  with  the   Decatur  and  East 
St.  Louis  Railroad  Company,  its  line  extending 
108  miles.     June  30,  1874,  the  Toledo,  Wabash 
and  Western    Railroad    Company   had    under 
lease   the  following     Roads:     Hannibal     and 
Naples,    52   miles;    the    Pekiu,    Lincoln    and 
Decatur,  67.2  miles;  the  Lafayette,  Blooming- 
ton  and  Mississippi,  80.3  miles;  and  the  Lafay- 
ette, Muncie  and  Bloomington,  3C.4  miles.    In 
1874,  the  Toledo,  Wabash  and    W^estern  Rail- 
way was  placed  in  the  hands  of  Jacob  D.  Cox, 
Receiver,  and  there  remained  until  Januai'3'  1, 
1877,  when    the  property,   by  deed,  passed    to 
the  Wabash  Railway  Company,  by  whicli  it  was 
operated   until  that   Company  (November  10, 
1879)  was  consolidated  with  the  St.  Louis,  Kan- 
sas City  and  Northern  Railway  Company,  the 
new  organization  taking  the  name  of  Wabash, 
St.  Louis  and  Pacific  Railwa}'  Compauj-,  which 
owned  and  operated  13  different  lines  of  Road, 
with   an  aggregate  of  1,415.68   miles  of  main 
track;  and  six  lines ot  leased  Road,  with  313.80 
miles  of  main  track,  and  229.11  miles  of  .siding 
and   other   tracks,  the    whole    amounting    to 
1,958.59  miles  of  track.     Such  condition    still 
exists. 

It  is  entirely  safe  to  state,  that  no  other  line 
of  Railwa}'  has  by  its  traffic  contributed  as 
much  to  the  business  and  growth  of  Toledo  as 
has  the  Wabash  Road. 

DAYTON  AND  MICHIGAN  RAILROAD. 

March  5,  1851,  the  Ohio  Legislature  granted 
a  charter  for  the  construction  and  operation 
of  a  Railroad  commencing  at  or  near  Dayton, 
via  Sidney  and  Ijima,  and  Toledo,  to  a  point 
on  the  Michigan  State  line  in  the  direction  of 
Detroit.  The  interest  of  Toledo  in  the  enter- 
pcise,  was  shown  in  the  vote  by  its  citizens  for 
a  municipal  subscription    to  the   stock   of  the 


Company.  The  Road  was  completed  August 
18,  1859,  to  Toledo,  140f  miles.  The  event 
was  commemorated  by  an  excursion  from  Cin- 
cinnati, Dayton  and  other  points  to  Toledo,  the 
company  including  Stanley  Mathews  (new  of 
the  United  States  Supreme  Court),  S.  S. 
L'Hommedieu,  President  of  the  Cincinnati, 
Hamilton  and  Dayton  Road;  D.  McLai'en, 
Superintendent  of  the  same;  ex- Judge  John 
C.  Wright,  and  J.  F.  Torrence,  of  Cincinnati, 
C.  L.  Vallandigham,  of  Dayton;  and  T.  J.  S. 
Smith,  President;  Matthew  Shoemaker,  Super- 
intendent; and  Preserved  Smith,  Treasurer  of 
Daj'tou  and  Michigan  Road.  The  jiariy  were 
entertained  at  dinner  at  the  Oliver  House,  and 
by  othei"  attentions  while  in  Toledo. 

The  first  freight  received  at  Toledo  over  the 
Dayton  and  Michigan,  consisted  of  ten  cars  of 
staves  consigned  to  P.  H.  Brickhead  &  Co., 
July  28,  1859. 

This  Road  was  operated  as  an  independent 
line,  until  May  1,  1863,  when,  under  a  perpetual 
lease,  it  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  Cincin- 
nati, Hamilton  and  Dayton  Railroad  Comjiany, 
and  has  been  so  operated  since  that  time.  Uj] 
to  1880,  the  highest  rate  per  mile  for  passen 
gers,  was  ten  cents,  and  the  lowest  2^  cents  ; 
with  a  charge  of  $2.00  per  berth,  and  §4.00  per 
section  in  sleeping-cars.  For  freight  per  ton 
per  mile:  Fori  mile — highest,  20  cents  ;  low- 
est, 7  cents  ;  for  10  and  under  30  miles  —6  cents 
and  3i  cents;  for  30  miles  and  less  than  the 
length  of  the  Road— 4  cents  and  3  cents; 
throuLih  freiu'ht— 4  cents  and  1  cent.  The  total 
cost  of  the  Road  for  construction  and  equip- 
ment, was  $6,903,190.92. 

COLUMBUS,  HOCKING  VALLEY  AND  TOLEDO 
RAILWAY.. 

The  first  definite  movement  toward  the  pro 
vi.sion  of  direct  Railwaj'  communication  be- 
tween Northwestern  Ohio  and  the  State  Capi- 
tal, was  taken  in  1867.  From  the  time  of  the 
construction  of  the  Cleveland  and  Toledo  and 
the  Celveland,  Columbus  and  Cincinnati  Hoads 
(1853)  the  route  had  been  from  Toledo  via 
the  Cleveland  and  Toledo  Road  to  Monroe 
ville ;  thence  to  Shelby,  by  the  Sanduskj' and 
Newark  ;  and  to  Columbus,  by  the  Cleveland 
and  Cincinnati  Road,  making  a  distance  of 
about  160  miles,  requiring  for  tiie  passage  from 
six  to  12  or  more  hours — depending  on  con- 
Tiections,  which  often  were  tiir  from  "direct." 
For  a  period  of  23  years  this  was  the  best 
available  route  of  travel ;  but  in  contrast  with 
what,  from  the  earliest  record,  had  been  the 
facilities  of  communication  between  these 
points,  the  one  named  was  quite  satisfactorj^. 
With  the  rapid  growth  of  trade  and  travel,  at- 
tendant upon  the  development  of  Northwestern 
Ohio,  the  necessity  for  more  adequate  connec- 
tion became  pi'cssing.  This  demand  was 
greatly  strengthened  by  the  development  of 
the  valuable  mineral  resources  of  Central  Ohio 


RAILWAYS. 


415 


and  of  the  Ijake  Siipeior  region,  the  most  di- 
rect connecticin  for  which  was  via  Toledo. 
Beside  this  was  the  important  consideration  of 
a  coal  supply  for  extensive  regions  in  the 
States  and  in  Canada,  to  be  i)rovided  through 
the  same  route;  and  tiic  imj)ortaiit  lumber 
traffic  of  the  North  with  Central  and  Southern 
Ohio.  These  several  interests  combined,  led  to 
the  movement  of  fStJ7  for  the  provision  of  di- 
rect liailway  communication,  which  was  initi- 
ated at  a  meeting  held  at  Columbus,  in  June, 
18(57,  of  friends  of  the  enterprise  from  Frank- 
lin and  Lucas  and  intermediate  Counties.  Gen. 
J.  S.  Jiobinson,  of  flar<lin,  was  the  President, 
and  Fred.  R.  Miller,  of  Wood,  the  Secretary. 
Committees  were  appointed  with  reference  to 
three  different  routes  between  Columbus  and 
Toledo;  one  via  Mar3'sville,  Iventon,  I-lndlay, 
Bowling  Green  and  Perrj'sburg;  one  through 
Delaware,  Mai-ion,  Upper  Sanduskj-and  Cai-ey, 
to  Perrysburg  or  Toledo  ;  and  one  via  Dela- 
ware, Larue,  Marseilles,  Forest,  Blanchard, 
Findlay  and  Perrysburg.  The  understanding 
then  was  that  the  proposed  Road  should  be  in 
effect,  if  not  in  fact,  an  extension  of  the  Colum- 
bus and  Hocking  Vallej'  Eailway,  then  in  suc- 
cessful operation.  M.  M.  Greene,  Esq.,  the 
President  of  that  Compan\  ,  was  present  and 
presented  facts  favorable  to  the  movement.  A 
second  meeting  was  held  at  Toledo,  July  18, 
18G7,  of  which  C.  A.  King  was  President  and 
D.  R.  Locke,  Secretary.  The  main  object  of 
this  meeting  was  to  select  corporators,  for  the 
organization  of  a  Company  for  the  construction 
of  the  pro])osed  Road  For  such  purpose,  H. 
S.  Walbridge,  C.  A.  King,  J.  C.  Hall,  Maurice 
A.  Scott,  Perry  Crabbs,  E.  V.  McMaken, 
Chas.  Kent,  J.  R.  Osborn,  and  A.  D.  Pelton,  of 
Toledo;  and  W.  B.  Brooks,  Samuel  Galloway, 
Wm.  A.  Piatt.  Theo.  Comstock,  Wm.  Denni- 
son,  W.  E.  Ide,  and  D.  W.  H.  Day,  of  Colum- 
bus, were  selected.  These  corporators  met  the 
same  daj',  with  J.  R.  Osborn  as  Chairman,  and 
M.  A.  Scott  as  Secretary.  The  claims  of  the 
several  routes  wei'e  jiresented,  wlien  a  Com- 
mittee was  a])pointed  to  pi'cpare  articles  of  in- 
corporation for  four  companies,  viz :  The 
Toledo  and  Columbus  Railroad  (Company;  the 
Columbus  and  Toledo  Railway  ('ompany;  the 
Toledo,  ICenton  and  Cohunbus  Raili'otid  Com- 
pany ;  and  the  Toledo,  Tiffin  and  Columbus 
Railroad  Company.  The  organization  of  these 
sevei-al  Companies  was  made  necessary  by  the 
fact  that  the  lavv  regulaling  suc.i  corjioralions 
required  that  ever}'  County  through  which  the 
projiosed  Road  was  to  pass,  should  be  named 
in  the  charter. 

The  first  survey  of  the  route  for  the  pro])osed 
Road  was  made  by  Mr.  C.  C.  Waite,  Ciiief 
Engineer,  a  son  of  Chief  Justice  M.  R.  Waite, 
and  now  (1887)  Vice  President  and  General 
Manager  of  the  Cincinnati,  Hamilton  and  Day- 
ton Road.  The  line  selected  was  that  from 
Toledo  via  New  Rochester,  Freeport  and  West 


Millgrove,  Wood  County;  Fostoria,  Spring- 
ville,  U[)per  Sandusky,  Marion,  Middlcton, 
Bellepoint,  White  Sul])hur  Springs  ami  Dublin. 
This  survey  was  commenced  October  '2'^,  and 
comi)lcted  December  13,  18(17.  It  was  12:5^ 
miles  in  length,  and  the  total  csiiniated  cost  of 
tlie  tnick  was  i!l,!»()'.t,(J(JG.(iH.  Nothing  was  done 
toward  the  construction  on  this  line. 

Subsequently,  two  surveys  were  made,  one 
(127^  miles  long)  from  Toledo  via  Bowling 
Green,  Findlaj', Kenton, and  Marysville,  known 
as  the  "West  line;"  and  one  (123.7  miles  in 
length)  through  Fostoria,  Carey,  ll])per  San 
dusky,  Marion  and  Delaware,  known  as  the 
"East  line."  Separate  rival  Companies  were 
incorporated  for  the  prosecution  of  these  lines, 
the  one  the  Columbus  and  Toledo,  and  the  other 
the  Toledo  and  Columbus  Company.  The 
City  of  Toledo  having  voted  for  a  suliscrijition 
of  S;2(K),000,  in  aid  of  a  Railroad  between  that 
City  and  Columbus,  the  choice  of  route  be- 
tween the  contestants  was  left  to  the  City 
Council,  and  each  was  heartl  before  that  body 
in  March,  1873.  The  result  was  the  choice  of 
the  East  line,  that  being  the  one  supported  by 
the  Columbus  and  Hocking  Valley  Railroad 
managers  represented  by  Mr.  M.  M.  Greene, 
the  President  of  that  as  well  as  of  the  Colum- 
bus and  Toledo  Company.  In  May,  1873,  upon 
request  of  many  citizens  of  Toledo,  a  vote  was 
taken  on  the  question  of  a  subscription  of 
$200,000  in  behalf  of  the  West  line,  and  was 
carried  by  a  vote  of  1,4(j5  to  5ti3,  or  113  more 
than  the  two-thirds  required  by  law.  Colum- 
bus the  same  day  voted  8300,000  for  that  line. 
Under  such  state  of  things,  both  Companies 
proceeded  with  preliminary  steps  for  the  con- 
struction of  th.eir  Roads,  respectively.  Ere 
long  the  Supreme  Court  declared  the  law  under 
which  the  two  subscriptions  were  made  to  be 
unconstitutional.  The  effect  of  this  was,  to 
stop  action  in  the  case  of  the  West  line.  The 
other  Companj',  having  aile(|ua(e  means  out- 
side munici]ial  aid,  proceeded  with  the  con- 
struction of  its  Road.  The  first  through  car 
over  the  new  Road,  was  that  of  President 
Greene,  December  5,  f87(J.  The  Road  was 
formally  opened  for  traffic,  January  10,  1877, 
vt'hen  the  first  j)a.ssenger  train  made  the  trip  to 
Columbus,  carrying  a  large  number  of  citizens 
of  Toledo,  the  guests  of  the  Railroad  Company. 

THE   FLINT    AND    PERE    MARtjUETTE   RAIL- 
RUAD  COMPANY. 

In  1857,  a  Company  was  organized  in  Michi- 
gan for  the  construction  of  a  Railroad  from 
Flint  to  the  mouth  of  the  Pere  Marcjuette  liivcr, 
on  the  Eastern  Shore  of  Lake  Alichigan,  a  dis- 
tance of  173  miles.  The  line  was  com])leted 
and  opened  trom  Flitit  to  the  Saginaw  River  in 
1803.  In  ISGO  the  Company  began  the  exten- 
sion of  its  line  West  of  Saginaw,  which  was 
completed  in  1873.  In  1863-4,  the  Flint  and 
Holly   Road,  extending  South    Irom    Flint    to 


416 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Holly,  was  completed,  and  in  1868,  it  was 
leased  for  100  years  to  the  Flint  and  Pere 
Marquette  Conipanj',  and  soon  tliereafter  the 
two  lines  were  consolidated.  In  1865  was 
organized  the  Holly,  Wayne  and  Monroe  Rail- 
road Company,  for  the  construction  of  a  Eoad 
from  Holly  to  Monroe  (68^  miles).  By  Octo- 
ber, 1870,  $130,025  had  been  expended  on  that 
work,  when  an  arrangement  was  made  with 
the  Flint  and  Pere  Marquette  Company,  under 
which  that  corporatinn  completed  the  line  and 
took  a  lease  of  the  same  for  99  years,  the  con- 
sideration being  the  assumption  of  the  bonds 
of  the  first  named  Company,  and  the  mainte- 
nance of  the  Road.  The  proposed  lino  was 
completed  to  Monroe  in  December,  1871.  From 
that  point  to  Toledo,  the  Flint  and  Pere  Mar- 
qnette  have  since  made  use  of  the  track  of  the 
Toledo  and  Detroit  line  of  the  Lake  vShore  and 
Michigan  Southern  Road. 

TOLEDO  AND  WOODVILLE  RAILROAD. 

For  several  years  jtrior  to  1869,  the  people 
of  Toledo  felt  serious  need  for  additional  Rail- 
way facilities.  This  state  of  things  was  caused 
by  two  prominent  fiicts :  1st.  The  trade  of 
the  City  had  but  one  Railway  outlet  to  the 
East  (the  Lake  Shore  line) ;  and  during  the 
suspension  of  water  transportation,  it  was 
wholly  dependent  on  that  single  direct  con- 
nection with  the  seaboard.  The  effect  of  such 
condition  of  things,  was  highly  unfavorable  to 
the  trade  of  the  City,  and  during  the  Winter 
season  specially  restrictive  to  grain  traffic. 
Wholly  dependent  upon  that  Road,  its  trade 
was  made  subordinate  to  that  of  surrounding 
points  of  comparatively  small  commercial  im- 
portance, which,  by  virtue  of  competing  linos, 
enjoyed  facilities  at  the  hands  of  the  Lake 
Shore  Road,  which  were  denied  to  Toledo,  its 
most  important  feeder  between  Buffalo  and 
Chicago.  This  state  of  things,  of  itself,  was 
sufficient  to  cause  general  and  intense  dissatis- 
faction on  the  part  of  the  people  of  Toledo ; 
and  to  press  upon  them  the  vital  importance 
of  securing  additional  and  competing  rail 
facilities  to  the  East.  A  second,  and  no  less 
important  consideration,  in  the  same  connec- 
tion, was  the  matter  of  Coal  supply,  especially 
for  the  purpo.se  of  steam  fuel.  Any  material 
advance  in  manufactures,  without  such  special 
material,  was  regarded  as  impracticable ;  while 
the  question  of  Toledo's  growth  and  prosperity 
seemed  to  turn  very  largely  upon  the  develop- 
ment of  industry  in  that  direction. 

Under  such  state  of  facts,  it  was  proi>oscd 
early  in  1869,  that  the  City  inaugurate  a  plan 
for  relief,  by  constructing  what  should  be  an 
independent  trunk-lino  of  Railroad  to  the 
Southeast,  and  to  a  distance  sufficient  to  be 
attractive  and  useful  as  an  inlet  for  Railroads 
seeking  connection  with  the  City,  with  the  be- 
lief that,  with  the  important  matter  of  terminal 
facilities  thus  provided,  the  desired  lines  would 


be  secured.  To  this  end,  the  plan  was  agreed 
upon,  to  construct  a  Raili-oad  from  the  North- 
ern boundary  line  of  the  State,  through  the 
City,  to  the  Village  of  Woodville,  Sandusky 
County,  a  distance  of  22i  miles,  which  should 
be  held  availal>le  for  any  and  all  Roads  which 
might  desire  to  use  it.  Extending  to  the 
Michigan  line  on  the  North,  its  attractions  to 
Roads  from  that  direction  would  be  tiic  same 
as  to  those  from  the  South  and  East.  Pur- 
suant to  such  plan,  authoi'ity  was  obtained 
from  the  Legislature  for  a  vote  b}'  the  electoj-s 
of  Toledo  ujjon  the  issue  of  20-year  City  bonds 
to  the  amount  of  f-150,000,  for  the  purpose  of 
constructing  such  Road.  The  vote  on  that 
question  was  taken  July  6,  1869,  with  the  fol- 
lowing result:  Total  vote,  3,424;  For  the 
Railroad,  3,368 ;  against  the  Railroad,  56 ; 
majority  for  the  Road,  3,312.  The  manage- 
ment of  the  work  was  b}'  law  placed  in 
the  hands  of  five  Trustees,  to  be  appointed  by 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  of  Lucas  County, 
and  Judge  John  Fitch  selected  for  that  pur- 
pose, Horace  S.  Walbridge,  Charles  F.  Curtis, 
Charles  A.  King,  William  Kraus  and  Josiah 
D.  Cook,  who  organized  by  the  choice  ol  Mr. 
Walbridge  as  President,  Edgar  H.  Van  Hoesen 
acting  as  Secretar}-.  Employing  J.  H.  Sargent, 
an  experienced  Civil  Engineer,  the  Trustees 
had  the  line  of  the  proposed  Road  surveyed, 
profiled  and  mapped.  April  10,  1870,  a  con- 
tract for  the  construction  of  the  Road  was 
made  with  J.  Edwin  Conant.  Financial  em- 
barrassments prevented  the  contractor  from 
prosecuting  the  work  according  to  agreement, 
and  in  December  following  the  contract  was 
surrendered.  May  4,  1871,  the  Trustees  made 
a  contract  with  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio,  Toledo 
and  Michigan  Railroad  Company  and  the 
Mansfield,  Coldwater  and  Lake  Michigan  Rail- 
road Company,  to  pay  for  right  of  way  and 
depot  grounds  and  build  the  Road,  including  a 
good  and  substantial  Railroad  bridge  across 
the  Maumee  River,  for  1425,000  in  City  bonds, 
the  work  to  be  completed  within  18  months. 
The  contractors  had  an  agreement  with  the 
Penn.sylvania  Comj)anyto  iron  the  Road,  build 
depots,  machine  sho])8  and  do  all  other  things 
needful  to  a  first-class  Railroad.  The  Road 
was  leased  to  the  contracting  parties  for  999 
years,  the}-  to  pay  as  rent  the  same  percentage 
on  1400,000  as  the  dividends  paid  to  prelerretl 
stockholders  of  the  Road  connecting  with  the 
Toledo  and  Woodville  Railroad,  Southerly,  not 
exceeding  7  per  cent,  per  annum.  The  prog- 
ress of  the  work  not  being  satisfactory  to  the 
Trustees,  June  11,  1872,  they  accepted  a  con- 
tract from  the  Pennsylvania  Company,  guar- 
anteeing the  completion  of  the  work.  After  a 
delay  of  some  months  beyond  the  contract  time 
(January  1,  1873),  the  Southern  (Woodville) 
section  of  the  Road  was  formall}'  opened  for 
traffic  May  1,  1873.  The  Road  had  then  been 
leased  to  the  Pennsylvania  Comjjanj'  on  sub- 


RAILWAYS. 


417 


stantially  tho  same  terms  as  the  contract  with 
the  previous  parties.  Under  such  agreement, 
the  Pennsylvania  Comyiany  completed  tiie 
Ivoad  lliruugliout  (from  Woodville  to  the  Miciii- 
gan  line),  and  used  the  section  to  Woodville,  in 
connection  with  its  system  of  JIailways,  and 
that  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Companj', 
thus  furnishing  Toledo  tho  important  advan- 
tages of  such  extensive  facilities,  embracing 
the  much-needed  competing  line  to  the  Sea- 
board. In  1878,  live  years'  experience  tailing 
fully  to  meet  the  expectations  of  either  our 
citizens  or  the  Pennsj'lvania  Comyiany,  the 
matter  of  the  more  complete  transfer  by  actual 
sale  of  the  Eoad  to  that  Company,  was  dis- 
cussed, the  latter  offering  to  pay  $225,(100  for 
the  pro[)erty,  to  be  held  without  conditions  of 
any  sort.  After  free  discussion,  the  City  Coun- 
cil, with  much  unanimity,  voted  to  accept  such 
offer,  and  in  June,  1878,  the  sale  was  perfected. 
Soon  thereafter  the  jiurchaser  proceeded  to 
make  permanent  depot  imjjrovements  at  Toledo 
and  otherwise  put  the  line  in  substantial  con- 
dition, the  result  soon  becoming  very  gener- 
ally satisfactory  to  tlie  i)eople  of  Toledo. 

The  first  train  (27  cars  of  grain)  b}'  this  line 
for  Philadelphia  left  Toledo  February  2,  1874, 
which  was  the  inauguration  of  a  traffic  with 
the  East  of  much  advantage  to  Toledo.  The 
total  cost  to  the  City  for  this  Eailroad,  was 
$448,133;  of  which  $425,000  was  paid  for  con- 
struction of  Road,  including  $39,500  for  right 
of  way;  and  $51,683  for  depot  grounds. 

As  results  of  this  enterprise,  Toledo  promoted 
several  important  Railway  outlets.  On  the 
South,  beside  tlie  Ponnsj'lvania  connection,  is 
the  Columbus,  Hocking  Valley  and  Toledo  ; 
and  on  tho  North,  the  Deti-oit  and  Canada 
Southern,  the  Toledo,  Ann  Arbor  and  North 
Michigan,  and  the  Ohio  and  Michigan  (now 
Cincinnati,  Jackson  and  Mackinaw)  Road. 

Thus,  by  the  timely  sagacity  and  enterprise 
shown  in  the  construction  of  22-i  miles  of  Rail 
road,  was  repeated  the  history  of  tlie  33  miles 
of  like  improvement  to  Adrian,  50  years  ago, 
by  which  infant  Toledo  was  given  a  start,  and 
a  prestige,  which  have  largely  directed  its  for- 
tunes throughout  subsequent  years.  Aside 
from  its  water  communication,  no  other  causes 
have  contributed  more  to  the  City's  permanent 
growth,  than  have  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  and 
the  Toledo  and  Woodville  Railroads. 

THE  OHIO  CENTRAL  RAILWAY. 

In  June,  1869,  the  Atlantic  and  Lake  Erie 
Railroad  Company  was  incorporated,  for  the 
construction  of  a  Railroad  between  Pomeroy 
and  Toledo,  a  distance  of  235  miles,  with  Fos- 
toria,  Bucyrus,  Mt.  Gilead, New  Lexington  and 
Athens  as  intermediate  points.  In  December, 
1879,  the  Companj^'s  property  M'as  sold,  and 
the  purchasers  reorganized  under  the  name  of 
the  Ohio  Central  Railroad  Comjiany, .when  a 
consolidation   of  the    same    with    tbe  Sunday 


Greek  Valley  Railroad  Company,  was  effected. 
November  5,  1880,  a  branch  from  Corning  to 
Shawnee,  in  Perry  County,  was  determined 
upon.  November  15,  1880,  the  contractors 
turned  the  Road  over  to  the  Company,  and 
January  1,  1881,  there  were  in  operation,  65 
miles,  from  Corning  to  Columbus,  and  148 
from  Bush's  Station  to  Toledo,  making  a  total 
of  213  miles. 

September  29,  1883,  the  Road  passed  into  the 
hands  of  a  Reci^ivci-  by  order  of  Court,  ami  re- 
mained in  such  charge  until  April  15,  1885, 
when  it  was  sold,  being  jiurchased  by  a  com- 
mittee of  bondholders.  A  new  organization 
was  then  effected,  under  the  name  of  the  Toledo 
and  Ohio  Central  Railway  Company,  which 
now  (1887)  continues  its  management. 

In  August,  1886,  the  Com|)any  leased  a  por- 
tion of  the  Kanawha  and  Ohio  Railroad,  which 
it  now  operates. 

This  is  one  of  the  important  linos  of  Toledo 
Railways,  being  eminently  a  "  Coal  Road." 
Its  traffic  is  mainly  with  Michigan  andCanada, 
to  which  coal,  in  rapidly  increasing  quantities, 
is  being  forwarded  by  rail  and  water.  As  a 
source  of  supply  for  Toledo,  it  is  important. 

The  general  officers  of  the  Company  are 
(1887)  as  follows: 

President,  Stevenson  Burke;  Secretary  and  Treas- 
urer, John  F.  Kline  ;  General  Manager,  J.  M.  Ferris ; 
Auditor,  ,].  Landgraf,  Jr.;  Superintendent,  T.  M. 
Peelar;  General  I'reight  and  Ticket  Agent,  Hudson 
Fitch  ;  Chief  Engineer,  Clifibrd  Buxton  ;  General 
Counsel,  A.  W.  Scott. 

THE  WHEELING  AND  LAKE  ERIE  RAILROAD. 

In  April,  1871,  a  Corapanj'  was  chartered  to 
build  a  line  of  Railroad  between  Wheeling  and 
Toledo.  A  supplemental  charter  for  the  lluron 
Branch  was  afterward  granted. 

Work  was  commenced  in  1874,  and  continued 
under  financial  difficulties  in  1875,  a  consider- 
able amount  of  grading  and  tunneling  being 
done  on  the  Eastern  portion  of  the  line.  About 
this  time  a  contract  was  made  with  Walter 
Shanloy,  of  Hoosac  Tunnel  fame,  for  tbe  con- 
struction of  the  entire  work,  but  no  active 
measures  followed  ;  and  another  contract  was 
marde  with  H.  B.  Willson,  who,  in  1877,  laid 
12^  miles  of  narrow  gauge  track  between 
Norwalk  and  Huron,  and  c()nimenced  to  op- 
erate it. 

In  1878  C.  H.  Jenkins  was  appointed  Re- 
ceiver. In  September,  1879,  a  contract  was 
made  with  C.  R.  Griggs  for  constructing  a 
standard-gauge  Road,  when  work  was  resumed 
near  the  close  of  1880. 

On  January*  9,  1882,  the  Road  was  opened 
from  Massillon  to  Huron,  86  miles;  and  on 
August  24,  1882,  the  first  passenger  train  was 
run  from  Toledo  to  Valley  Junction,  157  miles. 
In  December,  1884,  an  extension  of  lOi  miles 
to  Sherrodsville  was  opened;  and  one  j'car 
later  a  further  extension  of  seven  milesreacbed 


4V8 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


the  present  terminus  at  Bowerston,  where  con- 
nection is  made  with  the  Pan  Handle  Road. 

In  1883  the  Company  failed  to  pay  the  in- 
terest on  its  honds,  and  in  July,  1884,  M.  D. 
Woodford  was  appointed  Ecceiver.  On  Jan- 
uary 13,  188(1,  a  decree  of  sale  was  entered, 
under  which  ilie  Road  was  sold  April  2:-!,  1886. 
On  July  1st  following,  the  propei'ty  passed  into 
the  hands  of  the  Wheeling  and  Lake  Erie  Rail- 
way-Company, wliich  was  organized  June  25th 
preceding. 

The  Toledo  Bell  Iiail'.^aj",  extending  from 
Ironville  4^  miles  up  the  River  to  the  Cincin- 
nati, llamilton  and  Dayton  Railroad,  washuilt 
and  is  owned  by  the  Wheeling  and  Lake  Erie 
Company. 

The  chief  objects  of  this  Road  have  been  to 
open  more  direct  communication  between  To- 
ledo and  the  seaboard  via  Wheeling,  West  Vir- 
ginia, and  to  provide  facilities  for  the  supply  of 
coal  from  the  extensive  fields  of  Eastern  Ohio, 
to  the  large  and  increasing  markets  of  Toledo, 
and  of  Michigan  and  Canada.  In  these  ]jur- 
j)0se8  the  enterprise  has  been  of  great  value, 
with  prospects  of  constant  increase  in  the  same. 

Steps  are  now  (1887)  in  progress  which  no 
doubt  will  soon  secure  the  extension  of  the 
Company's  line  from  Bovversto^vn  to  Wheeling, 
when  the  original  aim  of  the  enterpri.se  will 
have  been  more  fully  attained. 

The  present  officers  of  the  Comjjanv  are  : 

Piesiik'nt— George  J.  Forrest,  New  York. 
Vice  President— D.  E.  Garrison.  8t.  Loui.s. 
Secretary— K.  B.  Allen,  New  York. 
GeueralManager— M.  U.  Woodford,  Toledo. 
Assistant  General    Manager — W.    K.    Woodford, 
Toledo. 

xVuditor — S.  H.  Ayers,  Toledo. 

Casliier— A.  H.  Tliorp,  Toledo. 

General  Freight  Agent- A.  (i.  Blair,  Toledo. 

General  Passenger  Agunt— James  M.  Hall,  Toledo. 

Cfiief  Engineer— C.  A.  Wilson,  Toledo. 

TOLEDO,  CANADA  SOUTHERN  AND  DETROIT 
RAILWAY  COMPANY. 

This  Company  was  formed  by  consolidating 
the  Detroit  and  State  Ijine  Railroad  Company 
of  Jlichigan,  organized  February  21,  1872,  and 
the  Junction  Raili'oad  Company  of  Ohio;  ter- 
mini, Toledo  and  Detroit,  58  miles.  The  former 
was  to  construct  a  Railroad  from  Detroit  to  the 
Ohio  State  line,  51  miles,  and  the  latter  a  Road 
from  Toledo  to  the  Michigan  State  line,  7  mile.s. 
The  consolidated  Road  became  partot  the  Can- 
ada Southern  Railway  system  in  1874,  and  was 
so  operated  until  the  latter  passed  under  the 
control  of  the  Michigan  Central  Railroad  Com- 
pany, January  1,  1883,  by  which  it  has  since 
been  operated. 

TOLEDO,  ANN  ARBOR  AND  NORTH  MICHIGAN 

ROAD. 

In  October,  1869,  the  Toledo,  Ann  Arbor  and 

Northern  Railway  Company  was  organized,  to 

build  a  Railroad  from  the  Michigan  and    Ohio 


State  line  to  Ann  Arbor,  and  thence  to  Owosso, 
Michigan.  Work  on  the  line  adopted  was  com- 
menced and  prosecuted  with  more  or  less 
energy,  until  1874,  when,  as  the  result  of  finan- 
cial embarrassment,  the  property'  was  sold.  In 
1872,  the  Toledo  and  State  Line  Railroad  Com- 
panj-  was  organized  to  Imild  a  Road  from  To- 
ledo to  the  Michigan  Slate  line;  which  Ijeing 
accomjilished,  it  was  leased  to  the  Pennsylva- 
nia Railroad  Company,  which  already  had 
leased  the  Toledo  and  Woodville  Road.  In 
1878,  the  Toledo,  Ann  Arlior  and  Northeaslei'n 
Railroad  C'om])any  was  organized,  to  liuild  a 
Road  from  Ann  Arbor  to  Pontiac.  In  1880,  this 
corporation  was  consolidated  with  the  Toledo 
and  Ann  Arbor  Company,  under  the  name  of 
the  Toledo,  Ann  Arbor  and  Grand  Trunk  Rail- 
road Companj-,  which  then  OAvned  and  operated 
the  line  from  Toledo  to  Pontiac,  via  Ann  Arlior, 
a  distance  of  82  miles.  The  Toledo,  Ann  Arbor 
and  North  Michigan  Railroad  Com])any  was 
organized  in  1884,  and  is  now  in  operation. 

TOLEDO,  COLUMBUS  &  SOUTHERN  RAILWAY. 

As  early  as  1845  a  charter  was  obtained  from 
the  Ohio  Legislature  for  a  Com])an_y  to  c(ju- 
struct  a  Railroad  from  Perr3-sburg  to  Bellefbn- 
laine  via  Findlay;  but  no  definite  results  wei'c 
reached.  Upon  the  location  of  the  Dayton  and 
Michigan  Road,  it  was  proposed  to  make 
Findlay  a  point 'on  the  same,  but  so  much 
opposition  to  such  action  was  shown  at  tlial 
place,  that  the  line  was  run  West  to  Lima  and 
thus  increa.scd  in  length.  Like  result  attentlcd 
a  proposition  of  the  Pittsburg,  Fort  Wayne  ;ind 
Chicago  Companj'  to  make  Findlay  a  point,  the 
line  being  driven  South  through  Marion, 
Kenton  and  Lima.  The  ground  of  such  ojijio- 
sition  consisted  in  the  fact,  that  Findlay  alread\' 
had  Railwa}'  connection  through  the  Cai'cy 
Branch  of  the  Mad  River  Road  (Sandusky  to 
Dayton),  and  that  was  all  the  facilities  of  that 
class  the  majority  of  the  people  wished.  When 
the  question  of  direct  Railway  connection  be- 
tween Toledo  and  Columbus  was  discussed  in 
1870,  two  lines  were  jn-oposed — the  Eastern, 
known  as  the  Columbus  and  Toledo,  and  the 
Western,  known  as  the  Toledo  and  Columbus 
Road.  Local  aid  was  voted  to  both  lines,  under 
what  was  known  as  the  "Adair  Law,"  wliich 
being  declared  unconstitutional,  such  subscrip- 
tions failed,  when  the  Eastern  line  was  con- 
structed with  private  capital.  In  1881,  the 
projict  for  a  Railroad  from  Toledo  to  Indian- 
apolis, Indiana,  with  Findlay  as  a  point,  was 
pro])osed.  A  Company  was  organized,  and  the 
line  completed  to  Findlay  in  May,  1883.  The 
Company  was  reoi'ganized  in  March,  1885, 
under  tiie  name  of  the  Toledo,  Columbus  and 
Southern  Railroad  Company,  and  the  line  has 
been  in  active  ojieralion  since  that  time.  Its 
gross  earnings  of  $36,000  for  the  first  year  have 
nicrea.sed  to  the  rate  of  ?200,OO0  for  1888.  The 
location  of  the  Road  makes  it  a  dividing  line 


PERSONAL  SKETCHES. 


419 


botweou  30(1  oil  wells  on  the  West  and  50  gas 
wulls  on  the  East,  thus  giving  it  spct-ial 
advantages  for  the  traffic  growing  out  of  those 
great  interests.  The  otfiucrs  of  the  Company 
for  1S8S  are:  Directors— T.  P.  J5rown,  W.  t. 
Walker,  J.  II.  Doyle,  A.  W.  Scott,  .1.  F.  Cline, 
of  Toledo;  aiid,I."F.  Burket,of  Findlay.  Pres- 
ident and  General  Manan'cr,  T.  P.  Brown  ; 
Vice  President,  W.  T.  Walker;  Treasurer, 
A.  W.  Scott;  General  Counsel,  J.  II.  Doyle. 
The  officers  of  the  Toledo  and  Indianapolis 
L'ompany  were — President  and  Treasurer,  T. 
P.  Brown;  Vice  President,  W.  T.  Walker; 
Secretary,  J.  F.  Burket. 

THE    TOLEDU,     SAGINAW     AND    MUSKEGON 
RAILWAY. 

The  Toledo,  Saginaw  and  Muskegon  Rail- 
wax'  Coni])anv  was  organized  December,  1886, 
with  the  following  stockholders  :  J.  M.  Ashley, 
Toledo,  Ohio;  Wm.  Baker,  Toledo,  (Jhio;  Jno. 
Cummings,  Toledo,  Ohio  ;  D.  Robison,  Jr., 
Toledo,  Ohio;  E.  Middleton,  Greenville,  Mich- 
igan ;  L.  G.  Mason,  Muskegon,  Michigan. 

David  Robison,  Jr.,  was  elected  President 
and  Wm.  Baker,  Secrotarj-  and  Treasurer. 

The  Road  as  now  built  extends  from  Ashley^, 
on  the  Toledo,  Ann  Arbor  and  North  Michigan 
Railway,  to  Muskegon,  on  Lake  Michigan — a 
distance  of  95.8  miles. 

The  general  offices  of  the  Companj'  are  lo 
cated  at  Muskegon,  and  the  following  are  its 
jireseiit  officers  :  David  Robison,  Jr.,  President ; 
W.  V.  McCracken,  Vice  President  and  General 
Manager;  J.  F.  Pennington,  Secretary;  B.  F. 
liced,  Su])erintendent ;  J.  K.  McCracken,  Au- 
ditor and  G.  F.  and  P.  Agent. 

THE  SWAN  CREEK  RAILROAD. 

This  Road  was  projected  in  1875,  by  Conrad 
Huberich  and  Emil  Richers.  Mr.  Huberich 
was  a  resident  of  Texas  at  the  outbreak  of  the 
Rebellion,  and  being  a  citizen  loyal  to  the  Gov- 
ernment of  the  United  States,  found  it  expe- 
dient to  withdraw  from  Texas,  when  he  came 
lo  Toledo.  Soon  thereafter  he  purchased  of 
Peter  Lenk,  with  gold  at  180  per  cent,  pre- 
mium, a  large  tract  of  land,  lying  along  Swan 
Creek  (Northwest  side).  This  purchase  was 
made  with  the  view  of  giving  the  proi^erty 
Railwaj'  facilities  in  addition  to  its  water  con- 
nection, and  thus  to  promote  both  lumber  traflSc 
and  manufactures.  The  enterprise  met  with 
substantial  encouragement,  and  the  work  of 
construction  commenced  in  the  Spring  of  1876, 
and  the  Road  opened  for  traffic  in  August  fol- 
lowing. The  line  started  at  Division  Street, 
and  ran  along  and  near  Swan  Creek  to  Air-Line 
Junction  of  the  Lake  Shore  and  Michigan 
Southern  Railroad,  with  which  Road  connection 
was  made.  <  )n  the  organization  of  the  Swan 
Creek  Railroad  Company,  Mr.  Huberich  was 
elected  President,  and  Mr.  Richers  Seci-etary. 
For  a  few  years  the  traffic  of  the  Road,  owing 


to  a  lack  of  business  along  its  line,  was  small. 
The  managers  tried  to  extend  the  Road  down 
Ilainilton  Street  and  along  Erie,  but  for  lack  of 
right  of  wav  were  not  successful  in  such  jiur- 
pose.  In  1881,  the  Road  passed  into  the  hands 
of  Mr.  Carl  F.  Braun,  when  the  ('om]iany  was 
re-organized,  with  Mr.  Bi'aun  as  i'residtuit,  an<l 
Theo.  Berkmann  as  Secretary,  who  yet  hold 
those  positions.  They  have  extended  the  lioad 
from  the  intersection  of  Bismarck  to  Hamilton 
Street,  and  connected  it  with  the  Toledo,  Cin- 
cinnati and  St.  Louis  (now  Toledo,  St.  Louis 
ami  Kansas  City)  Roail.  A  third  rail  was  put 
down,  thereby  enabling  that  Roail  to  transport 
its  cars  over  the  Swan  Creek  Road. 

TOLEDO,  ST.  LOUIS  AND  KANSAS  CITY  RAIL- 
ROAD. 

In  Mav,  1879,  the  Toledo,  Delphos  and  Bur- 
lington Railroad  Company  was  organized,  as  a 
consolidation  of  the  following  named  Com- 
panies: 1.  The  Toledo,  Delphos  and  Indian- 
apolis Railway  Company,  organized  in  1872. 
2.  The  Toledo  and  Maumee  Narrow  Gauge 
Railroad  Company,  incorporated  in  1872.  3. 
The  Delphos  and  Kokomo  Railroad  Company, 
incorporated  in  1877.  4.  The  Delphos,  Bliiff- 
ton  and  Frankfort  Railroad  Company,  incor- 
porated in  1877.  In  1880  the  new  Company 
was  consolidated  with  the  Dayton,  Covington 
and  Toledo  Railroad  Company,  the  new  Com- 
])any  taking  the  name  of  Toledo,  Delphos  and 
Bui-lington  Railroad  Company.  In  March, 
1881,  the  Company  was  consolidated  with  the 
Dayton  and  Southeastern  Railroad  Compain-, 
whose  proposed  line  was  from  Dayton,  via 
Chillicothe,  to  GalliiJolis,  Ohio,  144  miles,  which 
has  been  constructed.  April  15,  1881,  a  certi- 
ficate was  filed  for  the  construction  of  a  branch 
from  Dayton  to  Lebanon,  to  connect  with  the 
Cincinnati  Northern  Railway;  and  in  May, 
1881,  a  certificate  was  filed  for  the  construction 
of  a  branch  from  Wellston  to  fronton,  (he 
Northern  terminus  of  the  Ironton  and  Hunt- 
ington Railroad. 

RAILWAY  MISCELLANY. 

As  showing  who  were  among  the  active  Rail- 
way managers  30  years  ago,  record  is  here  given 
of  conferences  held  by  the  representatives  of 
the  various  Roads  then  constituting  the  through 
lines  from  New  York  to  the  West.  The  first 
meeting  was  held  at  Buffalo,  in  April,  1857,  of 
which  Erastus  Corning,  of  the  New  York  Cen- 
tral Road,  was  President,  and  C.  C.  Dennis,  of 
the  Mad  River  and  Erie,  was  Secretary. 

The  principal  object  of  this  Conference  was 
understood  to  be  to  arrange  atime-tablc  for  the 
several  Roads  represented,  which  previously 
had  been  run  without  desirable  connections  of 
trains.  For  the  preparation  of  such  table  the 
following  Committee  was  appointed  : 

Chauucey  Vibbard,  New  York  Central ;  8.  S.  Post, 
New  York  a'nd  Erie  ;  M.  L.  fe\kes,  Hudson  River;  H. 


420 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Nottingham,  Cleveland  and  Erie ;  E.  N.  Brown,  Buf- 
falo and  Eric  ;  E.  15.  riiillips,  Cleveland  and  Toledo  ; 
Sam.  Brown,  Michigan  Southern  and  Northern  In- 
diana; IC.  S.  riint,  Cleveland,  Coluuibu.s  and  Cincin- 
nati; VV.  H.  (Jlenicnt,  Little  Mianu,  and  Columbus 
and  Xenia;  C.  V.  Jfcnnis,  Mad  River;  George  H. 
Bnrrows,  Toledo,  Wabash  and  Western  ;  E.  Sargent, 
Boston  and  Worcester;  Henry  Gray,  Western  ;  John 
IJrough,  Bellefi>ntaine  and  Indiana;  S.  L.  M.  Barlow, 
Ohio  and  Mi.ssissippi ;   J.  M.  Smith,  Indiana  Central. 

Under  the  time-table  agreed  upon,  a  train 
left  Now  York  at  6  A.  m.;  reaehed  Buffalo  at  8 
p.  .M.;  Toledo  at  9:20  a.  m.,  and  Ciiieago  at  U 
P.  M. — time,  ;-$(!  hours.  Leavincr  Chicago  at  5 
A.  M.  passengers  readied  New  York  at  3  p.  m. 
the  next  day,  or  within  34  hours.  This  ar- 
rangement did  not  ])rovide  for  through  trains, 
as  now  run,  but  only  for  connections  of  Eoads. 
At  the  same  time  the  Freight  Agents  of  the 
several  Koads  made  arrangements  for  Freight 
Express  Trains  from  Boston  and  New  York  to 
the  Mississippi. 

A  Convention  of  proprietors  and  managers  of 
Ohio  Eailways  was  held  at  Columbu.s,  Sei^tem- 
ber  23,  1857,  of  which  George  W.  Kobin.sou  was 
President,  and  B.  S.  Flynt  and  Gcoi-go  Barnes, 
Secretaries.  The  following  named  representa- 
tives were  present : 

Pittsburg,  Fort  Wayne  and  Chicago— G.  W.  Cass, 
President;  J.  H.  Moore,  Superintendent;  Geo.  W. 
Robinson,  Freight  Agent. 

Cleveland  and  Pittsburg — J.  Durand,  Superin- 
tendent. 

Columbus,  Piqna  and  Indiana — John  M.  Watkins, 
Superintendent ;  Geo.  W.  Fulton,  B.  Walkup. 

Cleveland  and  Toledo— E.  B.  Phillips,  Superin- 
tendent. 

Cleveland  and  Erie— William  Case,  President ;  H. 
Nottingham,  Superintendent. 

Chioand  Mississippi— AndrewTallcott,  President ; 
Wm.  II.  Clement,  Sui)erintendent ;  P.  W.  Strader, 
General  Ticket  Agent. 

Cincinnati,  Wilmington  and  Zanesvillc  — Joseph 
J.  Jest. 

Terre  Haute  and  Richmond  — E.  J.  Peck. 

Steubeuville  and  Indiana — Thouuis  S.  .lewett. 
President;  W.  W.  Bugley,  Superintendent. 

Bufl'alo  and  Erie  — R.  N.  Brown,  Superintendent. 

]ndi;iiia  Central  and  Uayton  and  Western — James 
M.  Siiiilh. 

Mad  River  and  Lake  Erie-C.  C.  Dennis,  Sui>erin- 
tendent ;  John  M.  Osborn,  General  Freight  Agent. 

Toledo,  Wabash  and  Western — Warren  Colburn, 
Vice  President;  George  H.  Burroughs,  Superin- 
tendent. 

Indianapolis  and  Cincinnati— H.  C.  Lord,  Presi- 
dent. 

Cleveland  and  Mahoning— Chas.  L.  Rhodes,  Vice- 
President  and  Superintendent. 

Marietta  and  Cincinnati— George  Barnes,  Superin- 
tendent; John  Foggett,  General  Ticket  Agent;  S.  T. 
DeFord,  General  Freight  Agent. 

Little  Miami— Captain  Jacob  Strader,  President; 
J.  N.  Kinney,  General  Freight  Agent. 

Columbus  and  Xenia— Widiam  Dennison,  Jr., 
President ;    Robert  Neil. 

Cleveland,  Columbus  and  Cincinnati— L.  M.  Hub- 
by, President ;  E.  S.  Flynt,  Suiierintendent  ;  AildLson 
Hills,  General  Freight  Agent ;  II.  C.  Marshall,  Gen- 
eral Ticket  Agent. 

Central  Ohio— D.  G.  Gray,  General  Freight  Agent ; 
J.  W.  Baldwin. 


Michigan    Central  —  George     Williams,   General 

Agent. 

Chicago,  Burlington  and  Quincy — C.  G.  Ham- 
mond, General  Superintendent. 

Galena  and  C.  W. — P.  A.  Hall,  General  Sujjerin- 
tendent. 

Bellel'ontaine  Line — John  Brough,  President ;  E.S. 
Spencer,  General  Freight  Agent. 

Cincinnati,  Hamilton  and  Dayton — C.  C.  Dennis. 

JetJ'ersonville — P.  E.  Sickles,  Master  of  Transpor- 
tation. ( 

The  matter  of  Railway  management  in  many 
of  its  rletails  was  considered,  and  many  regu- 
lations in  respect  thereto  were  adojiled.  Annjng 
others,  it  was  decided  to  grant  passes  only  to 
"employes  and  persons  or  agents  in  the  regular 
service  of  the  Company,  and  for  charitable 
purposes."  It  was  at  first  voted  to  limit  the 
speed  of  short  Roads  to  2(i  miles  per  hour  for 
Da3' Express  trains;  22  miles  for  Mail  trains; 
and  24  miles  for  Night  Expresses,  including 
stops  ;  with  the  privilege  of  longer  (or  Trunk) 
lines  to  run  as  fast  as  thej'  pleased ;  but  this  was 
reconsidered    and    dropped. 

In  October,  1857,  Stock  rates  were  as  follows  : 

East  St.  Louis  to  Buffalo  (per  car)  $170  for  Cattle, 
and  |Uo  for  Hogs;  from  Chicago,  $12.5  and  flOo; 
from  Indianapolis,  #105  and  if 90.  Short  distances- 
Under  10  miles,  (iO  cents  per  mile  ;  40  miles,  35  cents  ; 
100  miles,  21'  cents  ;  over  100  miles,  20  cents. 


JAMES  B.  MONROE  was  born  at  Lewiston, 
Canada,  near  Niagara  Falls,  November  10, 
1826,  where  his  parents  were  temporarily  re- 
siding In  1834  the  family  removed  to  San- 
duskj',  Ohio.  Here  was  spent  the  balance  of 
the  son's  childhood  and  his  youth,  and  here  he 
began  the  business  life  which  was  long  and  so 
successfully  prosecuted.  His  advent  in  self- 
support  was  as  a  Clerk  in  the  general  mercan- 
tile establishment  of  Hubbard  tV:  Co.,  in  which 
position  he  continued  until  placed  in  charge  of 
the  Warehouse  of  the  same  firm,  including  a 
large  freight  and  grain  business.  With  CI. 
Henry  Peck,  he  established  the  Dry  Goods 
house  of  Monroe  &  Peck,  which  soon  became 
specially  prominent  and  successful,  and  for 
manj'  j'cars  commanded  its  full  share  of  the 
best  trade  of  Sandusky  and  neighboring  coun- 
try and  Towns.  In  variety  and  quality  of 
stock  it  was  not  excelled  by  anj'  store.  In 
18b2,  desiring  a  change  of  business,  Mr.  Monroe 
accei)ted  the  position  of  Solicitor  of  Freight 
for  the  l)a\ton  and  Michigan  Railroad,  and  as 
such  was  soon  so  far  successful,  that  he  was  a)i- 
pointed  Agent  of  that  Road  at  Dayton.  And 
such  was  his  success  in  that  position  and  the 
development  of  his  special  capacitj'  for  liailw  ay 
business,  that  in  18ti3,  ho  was  appointed  Local 
Agent  of  the  Dayton  and  Michigan  and  Cin- 
cinnati, llaniilton  and  Dayton  Railroads  at  To- 
ledo, to  which  City  he  then  removed.  Ilesoon 
became  the  General  Agent  of  these  Roads.  Not 
long  thereafter  he  beeaine  interested  in  and  the 
Manager  of  the  Grain  Elevators  of  these  Roads 


?^^^ 


I 


I 


1 


RAIL  WAYS. 


421 


at  Toledo,  which  relation  he  sustained  until  his 
retirement  from  active  inisiness,  caused  by  fail- 
ing lu'aitli,  in  1884.  Throughout  more  than  20 
years  of  Ivuihva}'  connection  lie  maintained  tiie 
character  of  an  able,  discreet  and  efficiiint  man- 
ager, witii  i-esulls  specially  profitable  to  the 
interests  committed  to  ids  ciiarge.  It  may 
justly  be  stated,  that  he  had  in  Toledo  no  su- 
])crior  in  that  respect.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Toietlo  Board  of  Trade  and  of  tiie  Toledo 
Produce  Kxciuinge  for  about  211  years,  serving 
repeatedly  as  Director  and  Vice  President  of 
the  latter.  While  thus  constant  in  devotion  to 
busine.ss  cares,  he  was  not  unmindful  of  social 
and  other  relations  and  res]3onsibilities.  For 
several  terms  he  served  as  vestryman  and  as 
Treasurer  of  Trinitj'  Church,  Toledo,  as  he  also 
did  as  member  of  the  Advisory  Board  of  the 
Home  for  Friendless  Women  ;  while  the  cause 
of  the  poor  and  needy,  without  distinction  to 
creed  or  nationality,  ever  met  a  ready  welcome 
at  his  hands.  In  ISTlI  he  jjurchased  a  very 
pleasant  Villa  at  Put-in  Bay,  including  a 
Grapery  of  20  acres,  which  he  has  cultivated  to 
high  degree,  and  wliich  has  produced  some  of 
the  choicest  fruit  of  the  Island.  Since  such 
purchase,  Mr.  Monroe  and  family  have  made 
that  their  Summer  home,  where  have  been  dis- 
pensed .social  hospitalities  with  special  liberal- 
ity. Mr.  Monroe  was  married  at  Norwalk, 
Ohio,  July  24,  1849,  with  Miss  Mary  J.  Morse. 
They  have  had  two  children — Clara,  who  died 
in  childhood,  and  Minnie,  wife  of  Captain  John 
J.  IlunUer,  of  the  United  States  Navy. 

THEOPHILUS  P.  BROWN  was  born  at 
Whately,  Franklin  County,  Massachusetts, 
January  5,  1835,  being  the  fourth  of  a  family 
of  ten  children.  His  parents,  yet  living  in 
Massachusetts,  and  now  over  85  3-ears  of  age, 
are  George  and  Almira  Brown.  They  are  of 
the  ti'ue  Puritan  stock.  The  father  of  the 
mother  was  a  Soldier  of  the  War  of  1812-15. 
The  early  advantages  of  the  son,  outside  a 
true  Christian  parentage,  were  limited,  and  he 
.soon  found  himself  deijcndent  mainly  on  re- 
sources to  be  found  witliin  himself  The  father 
was  a  tradesman,  and  the  .son  learned  a  trade 
— that  of  broom-making,  which  was  his  occujia- 
tion  during  winters,  his  summers  being  em- 
ployed on  the  farm.  When  18  years  old  he 
went  to  Deerfield  Academy,  where  he  .sjicut 
one  year  in  close  study,  whereby  he  was  en- 
abled to  gain  fair  knowledge  of  the  branches 
most  imi)ortant  in  jiractical  life.  At  the  age 
of  20  years  (1855)  he  started  out  on  life's  mis- 
Hwn,  and  coming  West  he  stopped  at  Tecura- 
seh,  Michigan,  where  he  spent  three  years.  In 
May,  1858,  he  came  to  Toledo  and  at  once  en- 
gaged in  the  Insurance  business,  in  which  he 
continued  successfully  for  a  period  of  19 
years.  So  long  was  he  connected  with  the 
Phoenix  Insurance  Company  of  Hartford, 
Connecticut,  that  for  designation  he  became  to 


be  known  as  "Phoenix"  Brown.  In  1870,  Mr. 
Brown  devised  an  enterprise  which  has  given 
his  name  a  permanent  place  among  tlio  ener- 
getic and  pushing  citizens  of  Toledo.  His  jiian 
consisteil  in  the  purchase  of  100  acres  of  land 
adjoining  the  City,  which  w'as  platted  with 
I'cference  to  meeting  the  wants  of  the  large 
])opulation  with  moderate  means,  specially 
iiieluiling  working  classes.  To  (his  end.  the 
lots,  in  price,  were  brouglit  within  I'cach  of 
many  who  then  were  liojjcless  of  homes  of  their 
own.  The  property  was  known,  and  is  still 
known  as  "  Brown's  Aildition."  To  make  the 
locality  more  readily  accessible,  Mr.  Brown 
con.structcd  a  Street  Ilaihvay  two  miles  in 
length,  which  furnished  cheap  and  promjjt 
communication  with  other  portions  of  the  City. 
Subsequently,  additions  were  made  to  the 
original  plat,  the  whole  constituting  a  most 
valuable  accession  to  Toledo's  accommodations. 
In  1881,  Mr.  Brown  turned  his  altenti<m  to  the 
matter  of  constructing  a  Kailway  between 
Toledo  and  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  vin  Findlay. 
Such  project  had  long  been  under  discussion  at 
T(dedo  and  along  the  pi'Oposed  route,  but 
without  definite  steps  being  taken  to  that  end. 
It  was  not  long  ere  he  was  successful  in  organ- 
izing the  Toledo  and  Indianap(dis  Ifailroad 
Company,  of  which  he  was  made  the  President. 
That  portion  of  the  line  between  Toledo  and 
Findlay  was  completed  and  put  in  operation  in 
May,  1883.  The  Company  was  re-organized 
in  March,  1885,  under  the  name  of  the  Toledo, 
Columbus  and  Southern  Eailway  Company, 
Mr.  Brown  still  remaining  the  President  and 
General  Manager.  The  discoveries  of  the 
great  oil  and  natural  gas  fields  in  Wood  and 
Hancock  Counties,  liave  given  to  this  iJailroad 
special  importance,  the  localities  in  question 
being  along  the  line  of  and  in  the  vicinity 
of  its  track.  These  accessions  of  vast  wealth 
cannot  fail  directly  to  bring  new  traffic 
to  the  Eoad,  while  as  resources  for  the 
settlement  and  development  of  the  country 
concerned,  they  will  indirectly  supply 
much  trade.  Mr.  Brown  is  giving  s]^ecial 
attention  to  the  promotion  of  local  traffic,  16 
Stations  having  been  established  on  the  line 
of  the  Road  in  a  distance  of  45  miles,  at  which 
points  industrial  enterprises  are  rajiidly  appear- 
ing. Throughout  his  active  life,  Mr.  Brown 
has  manifested  not  only  an  interest  in  matters 
common  to  his  fellow-citizens,  but  by  energy 
and  push  has  contributed  largely  to  the  jiro- 
motion  of  the  same.  In  1877  he  was  among 
the  most  active  organizers  of  the  Tri-State 
Fair  A.s.sociation  at  Toledo,  which  has  had 
such  eminent  success.  Casting  his  first  Presi- 
dential vote  for  John  C.  Fremont,  in  185C,  he 
has  always  acted  with  the  Republican  party. 
In  1875,  as  a  Republican  candidate,  he  was 
elected  to  the  Ohio  State  Senate  in  a  District 
with  a  Democratic  majority  of  1,400.  His 
legislative    record    was     creditable    to     him. 


422 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Among  the  objects  of  his  attention  was  the 
eiiaclnu-nl  of  u  hnv  limiting  taxation  in  Toledo 
and  Lucas  County,  the  efifect  of  which  has  been 
materially  to  reduce  the  rate  of  local  taxation. 
He  was  enabled  to  do  much  toward  the  pro- 
tection of  the  pcoide  of  the  State  from  irres- 
ponsible and  Iraudulenl  Insurance  schemes  for 
which  he  was  specially  qualified  by  his  long 
exjjerience  in  and  intimate  knowledge  of  that 
business.  April  17,  18G1,  Mr.  Brown  was 
married  with  Miss  Frances  A.,  daughter  of 
I.saac  and  Harriet  N.  Hampton,  of  Toledo  and 
formerly  of  Tecum.seh,  Michigan.  In  1873, 
they  vi.sited  Europe,  and  the  West  Indies  in 
1875.  Mr.  Brown  has  been  a  member  of  the 
First  Congregational  Church  for  many  years, 
as  leader  of  tlie  choir  of  which  he  long  con- 
tributed very  matei-ially  to  the  public  services 
of  the  same.  Like  aid  has  been  liberally 
rendered  by  him  to  a  great  variety  of  religious 
and  other  worthy  objects.  His  home  is  in  the 
substantial  and  elegant  residence,  Northeast 
corner  of  Madison  and  Thirteenth  Streets. 

TOLEDO  STREET  RAILWAYS. 

Toledo  was  not  behind  other  Cities  of  its 
size,  and  far  ahead  of  most  of  those  of  its  age, 
in  tiie  provision  of  the  important  imjirovemeiit 
in  transportation  suj^plied  by  Street  Railways. 

The  first  definite  step  taken  toward  such  end, 
was  the  organization  of  the  Toledo  Street 
Railroad  Company,  November  20,  I860,  when 
the  City  contained  no  more  than  14,000  inhab- 
itants. The  Directors  of  the  Company  were 
M.  R.  Waite,  C.  B.  Phillips,  Wm.  H.  Raymond, 
Wra.  Baker,  James  C.  Hall  and  John  T.  New- 
ton, of  Toledo;  and  Silas  Merchant  of  Cleve- 
land. Mr.  Merchant  was  elected  President. 
The  first  grant  of  privilege  for  such  work,  was 
made  by  the  City  Council  February  11,  18G1, 
and  extended  from  the  then  boundarj'  line  be- 
tween Toledo  ami  Manhattan,  along  Summit 
Street  to  the  bridge  over  the  Canal ;  and  thence, 
by  Ottawa  Street  and  Broadway,  to  the  bridge 
of  the  Lake  Shore  and  Michigan  Southern  Rail- 
way. Cars  were  first  put  on  the  Road  May 
27th,  1862,  running  between  Bush  and  Perry 
Streets  every  half  hour  from  6:00  a.  m.  till  9:00 
P.  M.,  the  fare  being  five  cents.  C.  Yard  ley  was 
then  the  Superintendent.  The  records  of  this 
Company  now  available  are  very  incomplete, 
until  September,  1805,  when  a  change  in  its 
managemeni  took  place.  Up  to  that  time,  the 
Road  had  been  controlled  and  chiefly  owned 
by  Cleveland  parties,  who  then  dispoised  of 
their  interests  to  citizens  of  Toledo,  when  the 
following  Directors  wore  chosen:  Edward  P. 
Bassett,  Francis  L.  Nichols,  I.  R.  Sherwood, 
Edward  H.  Harger,  Patrick  H.  Blake,  John  T. 
Newton,  Wm.  Baker  and  James  C.  Hall,  with 
E.  P.  Bassett  as  President,  J.  T.  Newton  as 
Secretary,  and  I.  R.  Sherwood  as  Treasurer. 
In  January,  1868,  J.  D.  Cook  became  Presi- 
dent, and  Mars  Nearing  Secretary  and  Treas- 


urer. January,  18G9,  Chas.  B.  Eoff  was  elected 
President,  and  J.  D.  Cook  Secretary  and  Treas- 
urer. Mr.  Roff  continued  as  President  until 
January,  1876.  In  1872,  Mr.  Nearing  became 
Secretar3'  and  Trcas\irer,  serving  as  such  until 
January,  1876,  at  which  time  C.  B.  Roll' was 
elected  Treasurer,  M.  N.  Baker  Secretarv, 
and  J.  E.  Bailey  President.  In  1882  the  priv- 
ilege was  obtained  to  construct  a  branch  road 
from  tlie  intersection  of  Summit  and  Cherrj', 
across  the  River  bridge  and  across  Bridge 
Street  to  Starr  Avenue,  East  Toledo. 

The  Adams  Street  Railway  Company  was 
organized  in  April,  1869,  when  T.  M.  Cook,  W. 
H.  Machen,  Henry  Pliilipps,  R.  H.  Bell  and 
Ed.  H.  Fitch  were  elected  Directors,  who  chose 
the  following  officers:  President,  R.  H.  Bell; 
Treasurer,  Z.  C.  Pheatt;  Secretar3-,  Chas.  E. 
Bliven.  In  Ma3",  1869,  the  CompanJ-  con- 
tracted with  Phillip  Welkerfor  the  construction 
of  a  track  froni  Summit  to  Bancroft  Street.  In 
consequence  of  financial  inability,  the  Comjiany 
was  for  several  years  greatly  embarrassed  in 
the  prosecution  of  its  enterprise,  and  the  Road 
passed  through  several  different  hands.  In 
1873  its  track  was  extended  from  Bancroft 
Street,  along  CoUingwood  Avenue,  to  its  inter- 
section with  Cherry  Street.  In  1875  Joel  W. 
Kelsey  was  the  President,  and  Z.  C.  Pheatt 
the  Secretary  of  the  ComjJany,  January  1, 
1885,  the  Company  was  consolidated  with  other 
corporations. 

The  Monroe  Street  Railroad  Company 
was  organized  in  January,  1873.  The  first 
meeting  of  stockhoklers  was  held  October  23, 
1873,  when  the  folio  wing  Directors  were  chosen  : 
H.  S.  Walbridge,  John  Fitch,  Alex.  Reed,  A.  E. 
Macomber,  Wm.  H.  ScoLt,  W.  I.  Kelley  and 
Henrj'  S.  Stebbins,  who  elected  the  following 
officers  :  President,  H.  S.  Walbridge  ;  Secretary 
and  Treasurer,  H.  S.  Stebbins.  The  grant 
made  in  1874  was  for  a  Railroad  on  Monroe 
Street  from  Summit  Sti'eet  to  Auburn  Avenue. 
In  1877  the  Road  was  leased  to  T.  P.  Brown 
for  15  years,  at  which  time  the  following  Di- 
rectors were  chosen  :  T.  P.  Brown,  J.  H.  Hamp- 
ton, J.  D.  Irving,  J.  K.  Hamilton,  D.  W.  Stroud, 
R.  S.  McGarvey  and  H.  C.  Hahn,  the  officers 
being  as  follows:  President  and  Treasurer, 
T.  P.Brown  ;  Secretai:y,  J.  D.  Irving.  January 
3,  1881,  the  following  Directors  were  chosen: 
J.  S.  Brumback,  Van  Wert,  Ohio;  O.  S.  Brum- 
back,  J.  H  Ainsworth,  C.  Elliott  and  Geo.  S. 
Dana,  who  elected  O.  S.  Brumback  President, 
and  C.  Elliott  as  Secretary.  January  1,  1885, 
the  Company  was  consolidated  with  others. 

The  Toledo  Union  Street  Railroad  Com- 
pany was  organized  in  1869,  for  the  construc- 
tion and  operation  of  a  Railroad  from  Summit 
Street,  along  Monroe,  Ontario,  Washington  and 
Dorr  Streets  to  Detroit  Avenue.  Of  this  Com- 
pany- T.  P.  Brown  was  the  President.  Its  busi- 
ness was  not  successful,  and  in  1873  the  Road 
jiassed  into  the  hands  of  the  Monroe  and  Dorr 


PERSONAL  SKETCHES. 


423 


Street  Company,  organized  in  1875,  with  the 
following  named  officers:  President  and  Treas- 
urer, T.  P.  Brown;  Secretary,  J.  I).  Irving; 
Directors,  T.  P.  Brown,  J.  K.  IlainiUon,  J.  D. 
Irving,  J.  H.  Hampton,  D.  W.  Stroud,  J.  1). 
Ford  and  R.  S.  McGarvey.  In  1881,  were 
elected  Directors  as  follows:  All>ion  E.  Lang, 
Frank  W.  Baialjridge,  Elijah  W.  Lenderson, 
Robert  Cummiugs  and  J.  K.  Hamilton,  wlio 
cliose  A.  E.  Lang  as  President  and  Treasurer, 
and  F.  W.  Baiubridge  as  Secretary.  In  Janu- 
ary, 1885,  this  corporation  was  consolidated 
with  others. 

The  Toledo  Consolidated  Street  Rail- 
way Company — embracing  the  Toledo  Street 
Railroad,  the  Adams  Street  Railroad,  the  Mon- 
roe Street  Railroad,  and  the  Monroe  and  Dorr 
Street  Railroad  Companies — was  organized  m 
January,  1885,  with  D.  E.  Bailey,  J.  E.  Bailey, 
James  Dority,  Richard  Waite  and  A.  E.  Lang, 
as  Directors;  J.  E.  Bailey,  as  Pi'esident;  and 
A.  K.  Lang,  as  Secretary.  At  tliis  time  (1887), 
J.  E.  Bailey  is  President  and  Treasurer;  and 
J.  Gilniartin,  Superintendent. 

The  Metropolitan  Street  Railway.  The 
Lagrange  Street  Railway  Company  was  incor- 
porated ilay  31,  1872,  the  corporators  being 
H.  S.  Walbridge,  A.  E.  Maconiber,  Wager 
Swa)  ne,  Wm.  Baker,  Edgar  H.  Van  Hoesen 
and  Etlwaril  D.  Moore.  The  route  of  the  line 
was  along  I^agrauge  Street,  from  Summit  Street 
to  the  Manliattan  Road  and  Catholic  Cemeteries, 
a  distance  of  over  two  miles.  November  8, 
1872,  the  stockholders  organized  by  electing 
Geo.  Baker  as  President,  and  A.  E.  Macombcr 
as  Secretary  of  the  Company.  The  Road  was 
completed  in  October,  1873,  equipped  with  four 
cars,  and  was  lea«>ed  for  five  years  to  Melchior 
Weber,  At  the  end  of  this  lease,  the  enterprise 
had  so  completely  failed  as  a  business  venture, 
that  it  was  found  impracticable  to  give  it  away 
— franchise,  track,  cars  and  privileges.  This 
result  was  due  largelj'  to  the  fact,  that  real 
estate  investments  along  the  line  of  the  Road, 
in  support  of  which,  largely,  it  had  been  built, 
had  not  met  the  confident  expectations  of  the 
)iroprietors.  This  outcome  was  no  doubt  in 
great  measure  due  to  the  general  financial  pros- 
tration following  the  panic  of  1873.  Another 
important  fiact  in  the  case,  consisted  in  the  mis- 
take of  locating  the  Road's  main  terminus  (at 
Summit  Street)  three-fourths  of  a  mile  from 
the  business  center  of  the  City,  with  no  pro- 
visioTi  for  transfer  of  traffic  with  the  onl\-  Rail- 
road I'eacliing  that  center.  Such  W'as  the  situ- 
ation in  1878,  when  Mr.  Geo.  Baker,  in  consid- 
eration of  his  landed  interests  on  the  line,  took 
the  Road  in  hand,  confident  that  it  could  be 
made  self-sustaining.  To  this  end  he  mapped 
out  a  new  route  and  made  other  changes,  re- 
sulting in  what  now  is  the  Metropolitan  Street 
Railway.  Early  in  1879,  he  had  secured  per- 
mission for  the  extension  of  the  Road  from 
Lagrange  Street,  via  Bancroft,  Cherry  and  St. 


Clair,  to  the  corner  of  Madison,  and  within  60 
days  cars  were  running  to  Summit  Street  (cor- 
ner of  Cherry),  and  in  Xoveniber  to  .Madison. 
In  February,  1881,  authority  was  obtaiiie<i  lor 
the  continuance  of  the  Road  along  St.  Clair  to 
South  St.  Clair  Street,  and  thence  on  Maumoo 
Avenue,  Colburn  Street  and  Broadway.  In 
July  following  this  line  was  completed,  and  the 
entire  track  covered  a  distance  of  ('<-},  miles, 
connecting  the  First,  Second,  Third,  fourth. 
Fifth  and  Seventh  Wards  of  the  City.  A  new 
equipment  was  now  supplied,  inclmling  15  sub- 
stantial cars.  Results  soon  Justified  the  risk 
involved  in  the  new  arrangement.  In  1883  the 
Cherry  Street  extension  to  West  Toleiio  was 
constructed,  making  a  total  of  nine  miles  of 
roadway.  In  1884^  the  Road  pafsed  wholly 
into  the  hands  of  John  J.  Shi])herd  and  a.ssoci- 
ates,  of  Cleveland,  who  now  control  it,  the  cor- 
porate organization  being  preserved,  with  J.J. 
Shijiherd,  as  President;  John  A.  Watson,  Su- 
perintendent; and  Theo.  F.  Shipherd,  Manager. 
Toledo  Central  Passenokr  Railroad. --In 
1875  the  Erie  Street  and  North  Toledo  Rail- 
road Company  was  organized,  and  a  Railwa\- 
constructed  from  North  Toledo  (late  Manhat- 
tan) along  Summit  Avenue,  to  the  old  City 
line;  thence  to  Erie,  to  Cherry,  and  to  Sum- 
mit Streets.  In  1877,  the  tracic  was  extended 
along  Superior  to  Moni-oe  Street.  In  1878,  the 
Company  was  re-organized  under  the  name  of 
Central  Passenger  Railroad,  and  two  years 
later  the  track  was  extended  over  Monroe  to 
Erie,  and  thence,  through  Lafiu  ette  and  Divi 
sion  Streets  and  Nebraska  Avenue,  to  the  City 
Park.  In  1882,  another  extension  was  made, 
up  Brie,  along  Railroad,  Field  and  Western 
Avenues  to  its  present  terminus  near  the 
Canal.  The  entire  length  of  the  line  is  9 
miles.  The  Road  has  passed  thi-ough  several 
hands.  Its  projectors  were  largely  interested 
in  real  estate  in  North  Toledo.  The  incor- 
porators were  Wm.  St.  John,  F.  E.  Seagrave, 
Thos.  M.  Cook,  H.  C.  Breckenridge,  and  F.  L. 
Nichols.  The  first  officers  were:  President, 
F.  E.  Seagrave:  Secretary  and  Treasurer, 
James  Raymer ;  Superintendent,  D.  Atwood. 
The  officers  in  1888  were  as  follows:  Presi- 
dent, F.  E.  Seagrave;  Treasurer,  A.  K.  Sea- 
grave; Secretary,  C.  F.  Parks. 


OLDEN    AND    NEW    TIME    COMMUNICATION 
IN   OHIO. 

The  first  Canal  opening  in  Ohio  was  at  Cleve- 
land, in  1833,  when  a  section  of  the  Ohio  (Janal 
was  completed.  The  first  Railroad  in  o|)eration 
within  the  State  was  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo 
line,  Toledo  to  Adrian,  in  1830.  Previous  to 
the  dates  named,  the  only  means  forcommuni. 
cation  were  earth  roads,  chiefly-  of  the  rudest 
sort,  rarely  consisting  of  anything  better  than 
a  passage-way  cleared  of  timber,  with  occasional 
turujjiking    in    the   older  settlements.     There 


^24 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


were  but  few  roads,  even  of  these  sorts,  which 
lormeil  connected  lines  through  tlie  State.  The 
principal  of  these  in  1819,  were  as  follows: 

From  the  Nortlieast  corner  of  the  State  to  the 
MuunR'C  Kiver— To  Connoaught  Creek,  one  mile; 
tlienci*  to  Harpersfield,  I'.S  miles;  to  Painesville,  17; 
to  (Uiagriiie  River,  10;  to  Euclid,  10;  to  Cleveland, 
10  ;  to  tiranjrer,  7  ;  to  Black  River,  15  ;  to  Vermillion 
River,  V2;  to  Huron  River  (Abbott's),  12;  to  Crog- 
hansville  (Fremont),  30  ;  to  Carrying  (Portage)  River, 
Hi;   to  Porrvsburg,  20  ;   total,  188. 

Columbus  to  Lake  Erie— To  Worthington,  9  mdes  ; 
to  Delaware,  IG ;  to  Norton,  10;  to  Boundary  Line 
(of  Indian  Territory),  o  ;  to  Rocky  Fork,  12  ;  to  Upper 
Sandusky,  1.');  to  Tyemochtee  Creek,  12;  to  Seneca 
Village  (Fort  Seneca),  19  ;  to  Lower  Sandusky,  9  ;  to 
mouth  of  Sandusky  River,  10;  to  Lake  Erie,  10; 
total,  12.5  miles. 

From  Cincinnati  to  Fort  Meigs,  alias  Perrysburg— 
To  Reading,  10  miles;  to  Franklin,  24;  to  Dayton; 
17;  to  Troy,  22;  to  Piqua,  8;  to  Loramie's,  17;  to 
Fort  Mary's,  12;  to  Fort  Amanda,  12;  to  Fort  Jen- 
nings, is";  to  Fort  Brown,  22  ;  to  Fort  Defiance,  16 ; 
to  Fort  Meigs,  -io  ;  total,  223  miles. 

Lower  Sandusky  to  Detroit  -  To  Carrying  (Portage) 
River,  16  miles ;  Perrysburg,  \v) ;  to  French  Town 
(Monroe),  36;  to  Brownstown,  18;  to  Detroit,  18; 
total,  103. 

By  act  of  Congress,  in  1822,  the  following 
post  routes  were  established  : 

From  Columbus,  Ohio,  na  Springfield,  Dayton, 
Indianapolis  and  Vandalia,  to  St.  Louis. 

From  Columbus  to  Bellefontaine. 

From  Norton,  Delaware  County,  to  Sandusky. 

From  Bellefontaine,  via  Fort  FiniUay,  to  the  Foot 
of  the  Rapids  of  the  Miami  of  the  Lake  (Perrysburg). 

In  Jul}',  1823,  the  Po.stoffice  Department  ad- 
vertised for  proposals  for  carrying  the  mails, 
as  follows : 

Columbus  to  Sandu.sky,  riaMt.  Vernon,  Mansfield, 
Norwalk,  Milan  and  Huron,  once  a  week,  leaving 
Columbus,  Sundays  at  0  a.  m.  and  arriving  at  San- 
dusky Wednesday,  10  a.  m.;  134  miles,  in  76  hours. 

Columbus  to  Lower  Sandusky  (Fremont),  via  Del- 
aware and  Upper  Sandusky  ;  once  a  week  ;  113  miles, 
in  67  hours. 

Florence  to  Avery  (Milan),  now  in  Erie  County, 
once  in  two  weeks  ;  10  miles,  in  12  hours. 

Cleveland  to  Norwalk  via  Elyria  and  Florence, 
weekly  ;   53  miles,  in  39  hours. 

Norwalk  to  Detroit  via  Lower  Sandusky,  Perrys- 
burg, Law'renceville  (now  in  Toledo),  and  Magauga 
(Monroe),  140  miles,  in  77  hours. 

At  the  date  last  named  (1826),  there  was  no 
direct  mail  communication  between  Sandusky 
and  Lower  Sandusky  (30  miles  apart).  It  took 
seven  days  to  send  mail  matter  from  one  of 
these  places  to  the  other.  The  Editor  of  the 
Sandusky  tlario?i,  at  the  time  notified  his 
Eastern  subscribers,  that  as  the  mail  was  carried 
by  a  steamboat  which  madebut  one  trip  in  nine 
days,  they  necessarily  would  receive  two  papers 
by  the  same  mail.  A  weekly  mail  was  put  on 
that  route  for  the  first  time  in  1825. 

An  occasional  mail  was  carried  between 
Cleveland  and  Lower  Sandusky  as  early  as 
1808,  which  became  a  regular  route  in  1818, 
when  weekly  service,  on  horseback,  was  estab- 
lished,   which    became    semi-weekly    in    1819. 


Silas  Wolverton  was  the  first  contractor.  After 
a  while  the  mail  was  taken  in  wagons  for  a 
portion  ol  the  season.  About  1825,  Artemas 
Beebe  and  Ezra  S.  Adams,  of  Elyria,  bought 
out  Wolverton, and  continued  the  linefor  aliont 
one  year,  when  Mr.  Beebo  became  sole  jjro- 
priotor.  He  maintained  the  route  with  increas- 
ing cfflciencj'  until  1842,  when  he  sold  to  the 
well-known  stage  firm  of  Neil,  Moore  &  Co. 

The  first  stagecoach  employed  on  the  route 
West  of  Cleveland,  was  b\'  Mr.  Beebe,  in  1827. 
It  was  a  six-passenger,  four-horse  vehicle;  and 
ere  long  this  was  followed  by  a  nine-passenger 
coach.  The  route  of  this  lino  was  via  EI3  ria, 
Henrietta,  Florence,  Berlin,  Milan,  Norwalk, 
Monroeville,  Lyme,  Bellevue,  York  Cross  Eoads 
(now  Bellevue),  and  Hamer's  Corners  (now 
Clyde),  to  Lower  Sandusky. 

About  1830,  this  stage  line  was  extended  to 
Detroit,  via  Perrysburg,  Maumee  City,  Tre- 
mainesville,  and  Monroe.  How  Toledo  subse- 
quently managed  to  become  a  poiut  on  the 
route,  is  told  elsewhere  in  this  volume. 

In  1836,  and  for  many  years  thereafter,  the 
chief  Stage  linos  in  Ohio  were  run  by  Neil, 
Moore  &  Co.,  the  senior  of  which  firm  was  Wm. 
Neil,  of  Columbus,  proprietor  of  the  original 
Neil  House,  of  that  City.  In  January,  1836, 
the  firm  advertised  the  following  linos  of  stages 
from  Columbus,  to  wit: 

Mail  Pilot  line — to  Wheeling,  daily ;  time,  24 
hours,  with  5  hours'  stop  at  St.  Clairsvill'e. 

Mail  Pilot  line — to  Cincinnati,  daily ;  time,  36 
hours,  with  six  hours  at  Siiringfield. 

Eagle  line — to  Cleveland,  every  other  day  ;  time, 
40  hours. 

Telegraph  line — to  Sandusky,  every  other  day ; 
time,  48  hours,  with  branch  line  from  Marion  to 
Lower  Sandusky  (Fremont)  and  Detroit. 

Phcenix  line — to  Huron  via  Mt.  Vernon,  Mans- 
field, Norwalk  and  INIilan  ;  time,  48  hours. 

To  Chillicothe— daily. 

There  was  then  "  opposition  "  between  Columbus 
and  Wheeling  (the  "Good  Intent  Line"),  with  time 
at  20  hours. 

Efforts  being  then  made  to  effect  a  removal 
of  the  Distributing  PostoflScc  from  Toledo  to 
Detroit,  memorials  protesting  against  such 
action  were  forwarded  to  the  Department  in 
December,  1839.  Among  these  was  one  from 
the  citizens  of  Adrian,  and  as  showing  .some- 
thing of  the  facilities  for  travel  in  this  section 
at  that  time,  an  extract  from  the  Adrian  memo- 
rial is  reproduced  here,  as  follows: 

The  distance  from  Toledo  to  Adrian  is  .32  miles; 
and  from  Adrian  to  .louesville  about  38  miles; 
making  the  aggregate  from  Toledo  to  Jonesville  7() 
miles;  being  shorter  by  82  miles  than  via  Detroit. 
The  roads  on  the  sliorter  route  are  fully  as  good  as  by 
Detroit,  being  by  Railroad  to  Adrian,  and  by  carriage 
thence  to  ,Ionesvil!e.  During  aVjout  six  months  of 
the  year,  the  mails  are  transported  by  land  from 
Toledo  to  Detroit ,  and  that  when  the  roads  are  in 
the  worst  condition,  and  occupying  from  16  to  24 
hours  to  Detroit,  and  from  20  to  ?>0  liours  from  Detroit 
to  .Jonesville  ;  making  the  whole  time  (allowing  no 
deductions  for  delays)  from  Toledo  to  Jonesville  via 
Detroit,  from  3G  to  54  hours,  and  in  case  of  non-con- 


RAILWAYS. 


426 


in.-tUou  at  Detroit,  24  hours  more.  Eight  to  10  hours 
juv  occupied  between  Toledo  and  Detroit,  subject  to 
same  causes  of  delay  at  tlie  latter  place.  From 
Tole<lo  to  Adrian,  the  mails  are  taken  in  from  two  to 
2j  hours,  and  thence  to  Jonesville  they  can  be 
taken  in  six  to  eight  hours,  making  from  eight  to  Hi 
hours  from  Toledo  to  Jonesville,  by  the  direct  route, 
and  giving  a  difference  in  favor  of  that  route  of  20.1  to 
4:5  hours,  and  avoiding  unnecessary  expense  in  trans- 
porting a  weight  of  mails  amounting  on  an  average 
to  about  500  pounds  per  day  a  distance  of  SO  miles, 
■with  the  roads  in  the  worst  condition. 

It  was  largely  in  the  advantages  set  forth  in 
the  Adrian  memorial,  that  the  shorter  line  of 
Railway,  secured  through  the  foresight  and 
sacrifices  of  a  few  citizens,  gave  to  Toledo  the 
position  and  power  which  controlled  her 
destiny. 

In  1839,  Toledo  was  advanced  in  position 
with  reference  to  mail  comnumications.  At 
that  time  the  following  routes  were  contracted 
for: 

1st.  From  Toledo  via  Manhattan,  Erie  and  Mon- 
roe to  Detroit,  in  four-horse  post  coaches. 

2d.  From  Toledo  via  Whiteford  (Sylvania),  Adrian, 
and  Rome,  to  Jonesville,  (17  miles  ;  daily,  in  Railroad 
ears  and  four-horse  post  coaches ;  with  a  branch 
route,  by  Raisin  to  Tecumseh,  three  times  a  week. 

3d.  From  Toledo  via  INIaumee,  Perrysburg,  Lower 
Sandusky,  Bellevue,  Norwalk,  Milan,  Elyria  and 
Ohio  City,  to  Cleveland  and  back,  daily,  136  miles,  in 
four-horse  post  coaches. 

4th.  From  Buffalo  via  Erie,  Cleveland,  Sandusky, 
Toledo  and  Monroe,  to  Detroit,  .3()0  miles,  daily,  in 
steamboats. 

The  construction  of  the  Miami  and  Wabash 
Canals,  added  materially  to  the  mail  facilities 
of  the  sections  along  the  lines  of  those  improve- 
ments. Thus,  in  1846,  the  latest  news  from 
the  War  in  Mexico  was  received  at  Toledo  via 
Cincinnati  and  tiie  Miami  Canal. 

But  it  was  through  the  construction  of  Rail- 
ways, that  the  present  advancement  in  mail 
transportation  was  attained.  The  progress 
was  gradual,  as  was  the  development  of  the 
great  Railway  system  of  the  country.  It  was 
regarded  as  a  great  advance,  when  mail  com- 
munication with  New  York  could  be  made  in 
four  da}-s  ;  which  time  was  reduced  by  mode- 
rate stages,  as  rail  transit  was  increased  in 
speed,  until  the  present  attainment  was 
reached. 

The  system  of ''Fast  Mail  Trains"  was  in- 
augurated on  the  New  York  and  Chicago 
route  in  September,  1875.  It  is  understood  to 
have  been  the  conception  of  Colonel  George  S. 
Bangs,  tlien  General  Superintendent  of  United 
States  Railway  Service,  at  whose  suggestion 
the  Postmaster  General  examined  the  matter, 
and  they  became  impressed  with  the  practica- 
bilitj'  and  importance  of  the  scheme.  The 
movement  was  greatly  promoted  03'  the  offer 
of  the  Railroads  constituting  the  line — the  New 


York  Central  and  the  Lake  Shore  and  Michigan 
Southern — to  furnish  the  increased  speed,  with- 
out additional  cost  to  the  Government.  The 
only  increase  in  cost,  consisted  in  the  addi- 
tional facilities  in  cars  and  attendance. 

The  first  train  under  this  arrangement  left 
New  York  at  4.15  A.  M.,  September  IC,  1875, 
and  consisted  of  four  mail  cars  and  two 
sleepers,  having  on  board  some  30  tons  of  mail 
and  about  50  passengers,  invited  guests  of  the 
Railway  line.  The  train  made  schedule  time, 
arriving  at  Albany  at  7.55  A.  M. ;  Buffalo,  at 
2.35  p.  M. ;  Cleveland,  at  7.25  p.  m.  ;  at  Toledo, 
at  10.47  P.  M. ;  thus  making  the  time  between 
New  York  and  Toledo,  IShours  and  25  min- 
utes. At  Cleveland  the  train  was  met  by  a 
large  delegation  from  Chicago,  headed  "by 
General  McArthur,  Postmaster  at  that  City. 
They  were  joined  at  Toledo  by  the  following 
named  gentlemen : 

W.  W.  Griffith,  E.  C.  Lemmon,  Dr.  W.  T.  Ride- 
nour,  J.  W.  Fuller,  P.  H.  Dowling  (Postmaster),  D. 
R.  Austin,  Clark  AVaggoner,  Colonel  Albert  Moore, 
Major  J.  R.  Swigart,  Wm.  Cummings,  T.  S.  Merrell, 
Heman  D.  Walbridge,  John  Paul  Jones,  John  S. 
Kountz,  C.  R.  Heath,"  Earl  Hamilton,  E.  S.  Dodd,  W. 
M.  Carr,  H.  S.  Chapin,  Harry  Haynes,  R.  J.  Wallace. 

A  portion  of  these  continued  with  the  train 
to  Chicago,  where  it  arrived  at  6:55  A.  m.  The 
schedule  time  of  the  route  was  as  follows : 


Weshvard.  Eastward. 

4.1.5  A.  M New  York 3.00  a.  m. 

7.1.5  A.  M Albany 9.50  p.  m. 

10.05  A.  M Utica 7.00  p.  m. 

10.33  A.  M Verona.... 6.23  p.  M. 

11.20  A.  M Syracuse 5.00  p.  m. 

1.10  p.  51 Rochester 3.23  p.  m. 

3.00  p.  .M East  Buffalo 1.35  p.  m. 

7.30  p.  u.l Cleveland 7. .52  a.  m. 

8.11  p.  M Elyria 6.56  a.  m. 

9.06  p.  M Sandusky 5.52  a.  m. 

10.,57  p.  51 Toledo 4.20  a.  m. 

3.07  A.M Elkhart 12.01  a.  m. 

4.25  A.  M La  Porte 10.24  p.  m. 

6.55  A.  M Chicago 8.20  p.  m. 


26.40 Through  time 28.40 

This  schedule  made  the  time  from  New  York 
to  Toledo,  18  hours,  42  minutes;  and  to  Chi- 
cago, 26  hours,  40  minutes. 

The  running  time  of  what  is  now  (1887) 
known  as  the  "  Fast  Mail  Train,"  over  the 
New  York  Central  and  Lake  Shore  and  Michi- 
gan Southern  Railroads,  is  as  follows : 

Leave  New  York  at  9  p.  m.  ;  Albany,  at  1.50  a.  m.  ; 
Bufralo,at8.45A.  M. ;  Cleveland,  at  1.35  p.  M.  ;  Toledo, 
at  5  p.  M.  ;  and  arrive  at  Chicago,  11.45  p.  m.  Run- 
ning time  (allowing  one  hour  for  change  in  Standard 
time)— New  York  to  Toledo,  19  hours;  to  Chicago, 
25  hours  and  45  minutes.  This  is  about  the  same  as 
the  time  of  the  experimental  train  of  1875  ;  and  it 
may  reasonably  be  accepted  as  substantially  the  limit 
in  speed,  with  existing  facilities. 


28 


CHAPTEK    II. 


THE   WESTERN    EESEEVE    AND    MAUMEE    EOAD. 


THE  chief  terror  of  travelers  "Westward  and 
along  the  borders  of  Lake  Erie,  arose  in 
connection  with  the  section  of  country  lying 
between  the  Western  Reserve  and  the  Maumee 
River.  It  early  came  to  be  known  as  the 
"Black  Swamp,"  taking  such  name,  no  doubt, 
from  the  color  of  its  soil  and  its  remarkably 
level  topography.  The  former  was  very  deep, 
and  with  tlie  presence  of  water  soon  was  made 
soft  and  adhesive.  Sometliing  of  its  nature  has 
already  been  stated  in  connection  with  Army 
ojjerations  during  tlie  "War  of  1812-15.  On  tlie 
entire  route  from  New  England  to  the  Missis- 
sippi—and probablj-  to  the  Pacific — no  piece  of 
road  ever  ])resented  as  serious  obstacle  to  travel, 
as  did  this.  Tlie  first  step  toward  the  con- 
struction of  a  road  through  the"Black  Swamp" 
was  taken  in  1825,  when  a  Mud-Pike  was  con- 
structed from  the  Sandusky  River  at  Lower 
Sandusky,  to  the  Maumee  River  at  Perrysburg. 
This  work,  aside  from  clearing  a  road-way,  was 
anything  but  a  success  ;  since  in  wet  seasons 
and  when  the  frost  had  left  the  earth,  it  was  no 
better,  if  not  worse,  than  the  original  surface. 
"When  it  is  considered,  that  during  tlie  suspen- 
sion of  Lake  navigation,  tlie  entire  trade  and 
travel  between  the  East  and  the  Northwest  was 
over  that  route,  some  idea  maj'  be  had  of  the 
trials  incident  to  its  often  almost  impassable 
condition.  The  fact  that  between  Lower  San- 
dusky (novv  Fremont)  and  Perrysburg,  a  dis- 
tance of  31  miles  through  an  almost  unbroken 
forest,  there  were  at  one  time  32  taverns,  is  sug- 
gestiveof  the  cause  creating  such  extraordinary 
demand  for  caravansary  provision.  As  show- 
ing something  of  the  interruption  then  arising 
to  communication,  may  be  given  the  statement 
that  in  December,  1837,  a  single  stage  brought 
from  the  East  to  Toledo  17,  and  another  40 
mail  bags.  These  had  been  for  10  or  15  days 
accumulating  at  Lower  Sandusky,  "  the  road 
through  the  Black  Swamp  being  impassable." 
In  the  bags  were  "Washington  papers  of  dates 
from  the  1st  to  the  15th  of  the  month,  having 
been  from  13  to  16  days  in  making  500  miles — 
not  very  "  late  news  from  the  Capital."* 

*  Among  the  cultivated  industries  of  that  region  at 
one  time,  was  the  furnishing  of  relief  to  travelers, 
chiefly  emigrants,  whose  teams  were  found  to  be  in- 
competent for  the  condition  of  the  road— the  chief 
difficulty  arising  in  their  being  stalled  in  the  succes- 
sive "mud-holes."  So  common  had  this  become,  that 
some  landlords  provided  themselves  with  extra  yokes 
of  oxen,  with  which  to  extend  the  needed  relief. 
This  busine.ss  came  to  be  so  far  systematized,  that 
the  right  of  settlers  to  the  "mud-holes"  nearest  them 


This  condition  continued  until  1838.  In 
January  of  that  year,  the  Ohio  State  Commit- 
tee on  Canals,  etc.,  made  a  report,  recommend- 
ing the  appropriation  of  840,000  for  the  im- 
provement, by  macadamizing,  of  the  road 
through  the  Black  Swamp,  between  Fremont 
and  Perrysburg.  The  Committee  state  that  they 
"  consider  the  said  road  among  the  most  im- 
portant in  the  State,  being  the  only  thorough- 
fare East  and  "West  through  Northern  Ohio." 
The  Committee  report  that  in  one  month  the 
previous  Winter,  there  passed  over  that  road 
5,500  travelers  (male  and  female),  2,300  sleighs 
and  sleds,  300  wagons,  and  from  12  to  15  horses 
per  day — averaging  for  each  day  180  footmen, 
and  8G  sleighs  and  wagons. 

Means  therefor  were  then  provided,  and  the 
work  of  macadamizing  the  Road  was  com- 
menced the  following  Summer,  under  the  supcr- 
intendency  of  General  John  Patterson,  pre- 
viously United  States  Marshal  of  Ohio,  and 
subsequently  Superintendent  of  the  National 
Road  (through  Central  Ohio),  and  Warden  of 
the  Ohio  Penitentiary.  He  died  at  Shelbj% 
Ohio,  in  July,  1861. 

The  work  was  continued  for  some  years,  and 
was  extended  East  to  the  West  line  of  the  "VVcst- 
ern  Reserve,  at  Bellevue,  in  1842.  Theimjior- 
tance  of  the  improvement  can  hardly  be  esti- 
mated. Its  local  effect  was  to  promote  settle- 
ment and  the  improvement  of  the  rich  lands 
along  the  line  of  the  Road,  while  like  effects 
were  seen  for  considerable  distances  North  and 
South  of  the  same.  The  general  advantages 
from  the  Road,  consisted  in  the  opening  of  a 
long-needed  thoroughfare  through  an  other- 
wise often  impassable  wilderness,  for  travel  be- 
tween the  East  and  the  great  Northwest.  It 
continued  to  be  the  only  route  for  such  commu- 
nication until  the  opening  of  the  Cleveland  and 
Toledo  (now  Lake  Shore)  Railroad  in  1853. 
In  these  days  of  Railways,  it  is  not  possible  to 
estimate  the  great  benefits  arising  from  the 
construction  of  a  passable  route  for  travel 
through  the  Black  Swamp. 

The  passenger  on  either  of  the  eight  Railway 

were  mutually  recognized.  It  was  told,  that  on  a  time, 
a  certain  Tavern-keeper — who  liad  long  field  undis- 
puted pos.session  of  a  particularly  fine  "  mud-hole," 
which  he  had  cultivated  with  .special  care,  for  the 
profit  it  brought  him— sold  his  stand,  preparatory  to 
leaving  the  country.  Regarding  his  interest  in  the 
"  hole  "  as  a  franchise  too  valuable  to  bo  abandoned, 
he  finally  sold  his  quit-claim  tlicreto  to  a  neighbor, 
for  the  s"um  of  $-3.00 — being,  jirobably,  the  only  case 
on  record  of  the  sale  of  a  "  mud-hole,"  for  use  as  such. 


[426] 


THE  WESTERN  RESERVE  AND  MAVMEE  ROAD. 


427 


lines  which,  diverging  from  Toledo,  pass 
through  jiortions  of  the  "Black  Swamp,"  can 
have  no  adequate  conception  of  what  travel 
over  the  same  route  was  as  late  as  50  years  ago. 
In  this  connection,  it  may  be  noted,  that  in 
1815,  tiie  Government  sent  Surveyors  to  Mich- 
igan to  survey  Military  Bounty  lands,  which 
the}'  were  unable  to  do,  for  the  reason  that  the 
Indians  forbade  such  action  as  unauthoi-izod 
bv  any  treaty  with  them,  tiiey  still  regarding 
themselves  as  at  War  with  the  United  States, 
notwitiistanding  the  treaty  of  peace  witli 
(Jrcat  Britain.  Part  of  the  service  to  be 
])crfornu'd  by  the  Surveyors,  was  to  run  the 
lino  of  a  road  from  the  Foot  of  the 
Rapids  of  the  Maumee  River  to  the  line  of 
the  Western  Keserve,  together  with  laying  out 
adjacent  lands  into  Townships,  according  to 
the  treaty  of  Brownstown.  But  as  the  Sur- 
vovors  were  instructed  to  pursue  the  line  as 
run  in  1812,  and  that  line  not  being  satistac- 
tory  to  the  Indians,  the  latter  forbade  the  sur- 
vey. They  said  that  Lower  Sandusky  was  to 
have  been  made  a  point,  and  that  the  original 
intention  was  to  connect  the  different  tracts  of 
lands  then  belonging  to  the  United  States,  and 
to  make  a  road  and  form  a  settlement  for  the 
mutual  convenience  of  the  Indians  and  the 
Whites.  The  line  oi  1812  cro.ssed  the  Sandusky 
River  several  miles  South  of  Lower  Sandusky, 
and  would  leave  a  fraction  of  lands  between 
the  reservation  at  that  place  and  the  lands 
which  would  adjoin  the  proposed  road  ;  which 
fact  was  a  main  objection  with  the  Indians. 
From  this,  it  would  appear,  that  the  jiosition 
then  taken  by  the  Indians  pi-obably  controlled 
the  location  of  the  Western  Reserve  an<l  Mau- 
mee J-ioad,  and  consequently  that  of  the  Town 
to  be  built  u])  at  the  point  where  such  road 
should  cross  the  Sandusky  River.  The  com- 
bined advantiiges  of  that  road  and  the  location 
at  the  head  of  navigation  of  the  Sanduskj-  Riv- 
er, gave  Lower  Sandusky  a  strength  not  to 
have  been  possessed  at  any  point  South  of  that 
place ;  but  the  roadway  through  the  "Swamp" 


would  jirobably  have  been  the  controlling  in- 
fluence. 

The  first  contracts  for  macadamizing  the 
Western  Reserve  and  Maumee  Road  were  let 
June  30,  1838,  and  covered  that  portion  between 
Perrysburg  and  Portage  River  (now  Wood- 
ville).  The  section  between  that  River  and 
Lower  Sandusky,  was  let  in  May,  1841.  Com- 
mencing at  the  West  end,  the  several  sections 
were  taken  by  the  following  parties:  A.  E. 
Wood,  Sidney  Phillips,  Lewis  Jennings,  Nich- 
olas Nufer  and  W.  Kier,  Jacob  Mease,  John 
Moore,  Aaron  Iliggins,  W.  W.  Watson,  Robert 
Seaman,  H.  k  A.  Bixler,  E.  &  F.  Lemming, 
James  Rose,  Jacob  Stoner,  F.  &  M.  Wilson, 
Samuel  Overmyer,  David  Beery,  John  Mohler, 
Daniel  and  I.  Kent  Seaman,  B.  P.  Van  Camp, 
Jacob  Overmyer,  Seth  Phelps.  The  job  of  the 
hill  at  Perrysbui-g  was  let  to  Cyrus  Darling, 
and  the  one  next  to  it  to  William  P.  Reznor. 

Tlie  following  ■'  Black  Swam])  Melody,"  to 
the  tune  of  "  The  Harp  that  once  through 
Tara's  Hall,"  is  descriptive  of  the  state  of 
things  before  this  road  was  im]iroved.  It  is 
from  the  Maumee  Express: 


The  coach  that  from  Sandusky  came, 

Over  the  frozen  road  : 
Its  panels  like  a  yellow-flame. 

Its  horses'  bits  of  blood  ; 
Now  drags  along  its  weary  way 

LoadG<l  with  mud,  and  slow  : 
II  cornea  by  night  and  not  by  day — 

Coach  of  Neil,  Moore  &  Co.* 


No  more  we  hear  the  Jarvey  say, 
"  Load  in,  gents,  all  is  right :" 

The  horn  that  used  to  sound  by  day, 
Alas  !  now  sounds  by  night. 

And  soon,  dec[>-stalled  in  endless  muil. 
No  more  the  coach  can  go— 

A  lumber  wagon  takes  the  road- 
Alas  !  for  Neil,  Moore  Sc  Co.! 


O,  for  a  Railroad,  or  a  road 

C>f  rails,  if  we  but  had  'em. 
To  pry  the  coaches  from  this  mud, 

That  is  to  be  Macadam. 
Rjiilings  there  are  from  man  and  maid 

That  in  the  coaches  go  : 
But.  strangers,  let  no  word  be  .said 

About  Neil,  Moore  &  Co. 


♦Proprietors  of  the  stage-line. 


CHAPTEE   III. 


PLANK    KOADS. 


IN  common  with  many  other  sections  of  the 
West,  Northwestern  Ohio  for  several  .years 
was  pervaded  by  a  strong  interest  in  Plank 
Roads,  conimenciug  in  1847.  As  elsewhere, 
that  kind  of  roadway  was  accepted  as  promis- 
ing most  for  the  development  and  improve- 
ment of  the  country.  Very  extravagant  calcu- 
lations, based  upon  equally  extravagant  esti- 
mates, were  accepted  in  that  connection. 
These  were  induced  largely  by  reports  received 
fi'om  Syracuse  and  other  points  in  the  State 
of  New  York.  Thus,  Prof  Gillespie,  of  LInion 
College,  showed  that  the  Syracuse  and  Central 
Square  Plank  Eoad  was  likely  to  divide  |2,850 
per  mile  to  its  owners  during  the  seven  years  its 
hemlock  plank  were  exjjeeted  to  last.  The 
cost  was  $1,958  per  mile — giving  a  total 
profit  of  14G  per  cent.,  or  21  per  cent,  per  an- 
num. The  editor  of  the  Toledo  Blade  thought 
that  with  proper  provision  of  Plank  Roads  in 
Ohio,  no  other  .system  of  improvement  would 
be  necessary.  A  correspondent  of  that  ])aper 
("  Sylvania.  ")  had  several  articles,  one  of  which 
was  devoted  to  advocating  the  construction  of 
a  Plank  Road  from  Toledo  to  Chicago,  as 
preferable  to  a  Railroad.  His  reasons  for  such 
choice  were :  1.  More  than  half  of  the  first 
cost  of  a  Railroad  would  be  paid  out  at  the 
East.  2.  When  built,  its  track  could  be  used 
only  by  the  Company ;  hence,  it  would  be  a 
monopoly.  3.  Railroads  had  a  tendency  to 
prevent  other  good  roads  from  being  con- 
structed along  their  lines,  so  that  teams  are 
prevented  from  coming  in  competition  with 
Railroads  in  carrying  freight  and  passengers. 
4.  Railroads  consume  no  coarse  grains; 
neither  do  they  wear  out  any  horses.  5.  All 
matei-ials  for  a  Plank  Road  would  be  gathered 
on  its  line,  and  its  cost  expended  there. 
6.  When  finished,  it  would  not  be  a  monopoly, 
but  there  would  be  competition  for  stages  and 
teamsters.  7.  Many  horses  and  wagons  would 
be  worn  out  in  doing  the  business  of  the  Road  ; 
hay  and  oats  would  be  consumed  bj^  said 
horses,  and  money  paid  out  the  whole  length 
of  the  Road  to  landlords  for  accommodations. 
8.  The  country  merchant,  instead  of  calling  on 
his  customers  for  money  to  pay  the  Railroad 
for  taking  his  flour,  pork,  &c.,  to  market  and 
returning  his  merchandise,  would  call  on  them 
to  do  his  teaming;  and  thus  he  would  sell 
more  goods,  and  his  customers  would  ])ay  their 
store  debts  without  money.  The  calculation 
of  a  committee  consisting  of  four  of  Sandusky's 
most  prominent  and  successful   business  men, 


in  1848,  shows  that  similar  ideas  were  then 
prevalent  in  that  City,  which  at  the  time  was 
in  advance  of  any  other  in  Northern  Ohio  in 
Railway  advantages  and  experience.  That 
committee  presented  this  "sample  case"  to  the 
people  of  Sandusky :  "  Suppose  there  were  a 
Plank  Road  and  Railroad  in  full  operation  at 
this  time  between  Sandusky  and  Bucyrus. 
Assuming  the  toll  on  the  Plank  Road  to  be 
one  cent  per  mile— the  distance  46  miles — that 
a  wagon  and  two  horses  will  carry  100  bushels 
of  wheat,  which  is  the  usual  load  for  that 
number  of  horses,  on  that  kind  of  road — that 
the  trip  can  be  made  in  2^  days,  which  is  a 
maximum — and  that  the  freight  on  the  Rail- 
road would  be  six  cents  per  bushel  (which  is 
the  lowest  it  can  be  carried  for  the  distance), 
and  the  price  for  storage  one  cent  at  the  start- 
ing point.  The  same  100  bushels  wheat, 
which  cost  $7.00  for  tran.sportation  to  San- 
dusky on  a  Railroad,  would  cost  but  S3. 50  on 
the  Plank  Road— putting  the  toll  at  $1.00  and 
the  expenses  of  the  farmer  away  from  home  at 
$1.00  per  day,  which  is  high  enough."  As  to 
results,  the  same  committee  showed  that  a 
Plank  Road  running  South  from  Sandusky 
would  divide  25  per  cent,  per  year,  and  said 
that  their  estimates  were  "  not  conjectured,  but 
based  on  the  experience  furnished  by  Roads  of 
like  kind,  and  a  knowledge  of  the  resources  of 
the  country."  The  rates  of  toll  at  Milan  (the 
pioneer  Town  for  Plank  Roads  in  this  region) 
were  :  For  5  miles — two-horse  wagons,  loaded, 
10  cents  ;  empty,  5  cents.  Single  carriages,  1 
cent  per  mile  ;  double  carriages,  2  cents ;  for 
each  additional  horse,  1  cent.  Horse  and  rider, 
1  cent  per  mile. 

It  was  with  such  information  and  estimates, 
that  Plank  Roads  were  undertaken  in  Lucas 
County,  as  elsewhere.  Tlie  first  movement 
here  consisted  of  a  meeting  at  Toledo,  Febru- 
ary 3,  1848,  of  which  James  Myers  was  the 
Chairman,  and  Wm.  Baker  Secretary.  Dele- 
gates were  present  from  vSylvania  and  other 
points  on  the  Indiana  Road.  Upon  the  ap- 
pointment of  a  committee  on  resolutions,  the 
meeting  was  addressed  by  H.  D.  Mason  of 
Toledo,  Wm.  M.  White  of  Sylvania,  and  Mr. 
Gay  of  Hillsdale  County,  Michigan.  The  re- 
sult of  the  meeting  was  an  expression  favor- 
able to  the  construction  of  a  Plank  Road  from 
Toledo  to  the  Indiana  State  line  ;  and  also,  to 
the  Southern  portions  of  Lenawee  and  Hills- 
dale Counties,  Michigan,  provided  the  requisite 
local  aid   be   secured;    and  that  the   amount 


[428] 


PLANK  ROADS. 


429 


authorized  by  the  Legislature  ($25,000)  in  aid 
of  such  Road,  be  furnished  by  Toledo.  The 
proper  coniniittees  were  appointed,  including 
T.  U.  Bi'iidbury,  D.  O.  Morton,  Thos.  Dunlap, 
J.  H.  Whitake'r,  Simeon  Fitch,  Jr.,  E.  Haskell 
and  E.  B.  Brown. 

Meetings  for  the  promotion  of  this  enter- 
prise were  held  at  different  points.  At  8ylva- 
nia,  such  meeting  was  participated  in  by  John 
U.  Pease,  Horace  C4reeu,  P.  T.  Clark,' H.  D. 
Warren,  James  White,  C.  D.  Warren  and 
Erastus  Morse.  In  Royalton  Township  (now 
i^'ulton  County)  Messrs.  J.  W.  8cott  and  C.  A. 
King,  of  Toledo,  and  J.  G.  Klinck  of  Rich- 
field, took  part.  Meetings  were  held  at  West 
Unity,  Williams  County;  in  Araboy  ;  in  Cam- 
den, and  in  Brockville,  Hillsdale  County, 
Michigan.  February  8th,  the  citizens  of  Rich- 
Held,  Lucas  County,  met,  with  Pliny  Sander- 
son as  Chairman,  and  Oristen  Holloway  as 
Secretary,  when  it  was  resolved  to  take  S3, 000 
stock  in  the  Toledo  and  Indiana  Road,  pro- 
vided it  pass  through  that  Township,  and  John 
G.  Klinck  was  ap)jointed  to  hold  meetings  in 
promotion  of  the  enterjirise,  and  L.  B  Latlirop, 
Isaac  Washburn  and  Henry  H.  Fuller,  as  a 
committee  on  the  location  of  the  Road.  A 
large  meeting  was  held  at  West  Unity,  repre- 
senting several  Counties,  February  26,  1848, 
of  which  M.  D.  Hibbard  was  the  President, 
and  George  Rockwell  and  Ahner  Aj-res,  Sec- 
i-etaries.  A  committee,  including  F.  E.  Kirt- 
land,  R.  A.  Howard  and  W.  Trowbridge,  of 
Ijucas,  were  appointed  to  present  a  synopsis 
of  a  charter  for  the  proposed  Road ;  and  a 
committee  on  resolutions,  including  Allen 
AVhite  and  W.  D.  Herrick,  of  Lucas.  Among 
the  features  of  the  charter  were — its  perpe- 
tuity ;  capital  stock  §150,000—"  sufficient  to 
build  the  Road,  with  single  or  double  track;  " 
width  not  to  exceed  60  feet,  with  a  track  at 
least  7  feet  wide  ;  the  rates  of  toll  not  to  exceed 
those  charged  on  the  Western  Reserve  and 
Maumee  Road  ;  3  miles  of  track  to  entitle  to  a 
gate;  Toledo  to  take  the  $25,000,  and  each 
Township  through  which  the  Road  should  pass, 
S3, 000.  Resolutions  were  adopted  favorable  to 
the  enterprise,  and  expressing  the  belief  '  that 
a  double  track  would  be  necessary,  at  lea.st  174 
feet  wide,  to  do  the  business  of  the  route.'' 

A  large  meeting  was  held  at  Toledo,  March 
1.  1848,  with  E.  D.  Potter  in  the  Chair,  and  C. 
M.  Dorr  as  Secretary.  C.  W.  Hill,  H.  D. 
Mason,  W.  J.  Daniels,  and  T.  U.  Bradbury, 
constituted  a  committee  on  resolutions,  whose 
report  favored  a  main  track,  to  extend 
through  Tremainesville  and  Sylvania,  and 
thence  Westerly  on  or  near  the  Indiana  Road, 
with  such  branches  as  might  be  deemed  best ; 
and  that  the  Road  enter  the  Cilv  on  Adams 
and  terminate  at  Water  street.  The  meeting 
was  addressed  by  C.  W.  Hill,  James  Myers,  D. 
O.  Morton,  E.  B.  Brown,  H.  D.  Mason  and  Dr. 
Jacob  Clark. 


The  first  subscription  by  the  City  of  Toledo 
to  the  capital  stock  of  a  corporation  was  that 
of  S25,000  to  the  stock  of  tlie  Toledo  Plank 
Road  Company,  authorized  by  an  ordinance 
passed  March  20,  1848.  The  bonds  were  to  be 
of  S50  each  (the  same  as  the  stock  shares  of 
the  Plank  Road  Company),  and  it  was  pro- 
vided, as  an  inducement  to  such  subscription 
by  the  City,  that  the  bonds  should  be  for  the 
period  of  three  years  exchangeable  for  the 
stock  of  the  Company.  Lyman  Wheeler, 
Daniel  Swift,  David  B.  Mooney,  Chas.  W.  Hill 
and  D.  O.  Morton  were  appointed  to  represent 
the  City  in  all  meetings  of  stockholders  of  the 
Company. 

As  already  stated,  two  Roads  from  Toledo 
were  provided  for  by  the  charter.  The  one, 
known  as  the  South  Branch,  was  to  pass 
through  Springville  and  Swanton  and  the 
Southern  tier  of  Townships  now  in  Fulton 
County,  to  West  Unity,  near  the  East  line  of 
Williams  County.  The  othci',  the  North 
Branch,  leaving  Toledo  by  Cherry  street, 
passed  through  Tremainesvillle,  crossed  Ten 
Mile  Creek  on  the  old  United  States  Turnpike  ; 
thence  through  the  Townships  of  Washington, 
Sylvania,  Richfield,  Amboy,  Royalton  and 
Chesterfield,  to  Morenci,  Michigan.  The 
charter  authorized  the  Townships  through 
which  tbese  lines  should  pass,  to  become  stock- 
holders in  the  Company,  upon  the  vote  of  their 
electors  to  that  effect ;  and  with  the  exception 
of  Swan  Creek  on  the  South  and  of  Chester- 
field on  the  North  Branch,  the  several  Town- 
ships voted  subscriptions  of  stock,  of  from 
S2,000  to  $4,000  each  ;  while  that  of  Toledo 
was  §25,000.  The  subscrijjtious  made  by 
individuals,  and  especiall}'  in  Toledo,  were 
prompt  and  liberal,  ranging  from  SI, 000  down. 
On  the  organization  of  the  Company,  Judge 
James  Myers  was  chosen  President.  A  con- 
tract was  then  made  with  Judge  A.  V.  Steb- 
bins  and  Thomas  D.  Thomas,  for  building  10 
miles  of  the  South  Branch,  extending  from 
Toledo  to  Thomas  Ward's  house  on  the  Maumee 
Road,  in  Springfield.  P'our  movable  saw- 
mills were  purchased  by  the  Company  for 
use,  one  for  each  Branch  of  the  Road.  The 
work  on  the  North  Branch  was  done  by  the 
Company,  under  the  direction  of  a  Mr.  Collis- 
ter,  from  Norwalk.  This  line  lay  through  the 
Cottonwood  Swamp,  a  body  of  land  then  sup- 
posed to  be  nearly  valueless  on  account  of  the 
low  and  level  surface  which  made  it  very  wet 
in  ordinarj-  seasons,  but  which,  like  the  Black 
Swamp  on  the  East  side  of  the  Maumee,  has, 
through  drainage  and  cultivation,  come  to  be 
highly  productive  and  valuable.  The  two 
lines  were  prosecuted  with  much  energy  to  com- 
pletion to  the  two  ^joints  of  destination.  Beside 
the  means  supplied  by  stock  subscriptions  by 
individuals  and  Townships,  bonds  were  issued, 
reliance  for  puiymeut  being  placed  on  jjrosjjec- 
tive   receipts.      Unfortunately,   however,    the 


430 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


estimates  of  means  fi-om  that  source  were  en- 
tirely too  liberal.  Those  had  beeu  based 
largely  upon  the  traffic  ol'lilce  improvements 
in  "older  seetion.s  in  Ohio,  Canada  and  New 
York,  lint  small  amounts  over  expenses  were 
realized  in  the  few  years  when  the  road  was  in 
good  condition;  and  when,  sooner  than  was 
expected,  heavy  repairs  were  required,  the 
resources  were  exhausted  in  that  direction. 
The  result  was,  that  after  a  struggle  of  10  or 
12  years  the  Companj'  went  into  the  hands  of 
a  Receiver,  when  it  soon  ceased  to  be.  Suc- 
ceeding Judge  Myers  as  President,  were  Henry 
Bennett,  D.  O.  Morton,  John  Fitch,  and  others. 
The  officers  of  the  Companj^  in  1854,  were  as 
follows:  President  and  Superintendent,  San- 
ford  L.  Collins ;  Treasurer,  Simeon  Fitch,  Jr.; 
Secretary,  Chas.  O'Hara;  Directors,  S.  L.  Col- 
lins, AVm.  V.  Dewey,  Elias  Richardson,  S.  H. 
Cately,  J.  11.  Kennedy,  C.  B.  Phillips,  Edward 
Haskell,  .Simeon  Fitch,  Jr.,  P.  H.  Shaw,  Pat. 
Carey,  Daniel  Segur.  Beside  those  already 
named,  there  were  prominent  in  the  prosecution 
of  the  work,  John  H.  Whitaker,  Wm.  Baker, 
C.  A.  King,  F.  J.  King,  C.  B.  Phillips,  A.  V. 
Stebbins  and  others ;  and  in  the  Town- 
ships, S.  L.  Collins,  of  Washington ;  L.  B. 
Lathrop,  of  Richtield:  Elias  Eichardson,  of 
Royalton ;  Alauson  Briggs,  of  Chesterfield ; 
James  Baker,  of  Gorham  ;  and  Messrs.  CuUum 
of  Morenci,  on  the  North  Branch  ;  and  F.  E. 
Kirtland,  of  Swanton  ;  Messrs.  Trowbridge,  of 
York;  Wilden,  of  German,  and  Messrs.  Boi'ton, 
of  West  Unity,  on  the  South  Branch.  Beside 
these,  were  many  also  active  and  helpful  in 
the  enterprise,  whose  names  are  not  remem- 
bered in  that  connection. 

The  chief  trouble  with  the  movement,  as 
alread}'  stated,  consisted  in  the  overestimate  of 
traffic  on  which  its  managers  rested.  The 
country  through  which  it  j^assed  was  largely 
an  unbroken  wilderness,  a  fact  highly  favor- 
able in  the  supply  of  material  for  the  Eoad, 
but  fatally  unfortunate  in  the  very  limited 
business  furnished  for  the  Road.  While,  how- 
ever, the  enterprise  was  not  a  success  finan- 
cially for  the  Company,  it  was  eminently  such 
in  the  important  effect  it  had  in  opening  and 
improving  the  country  through  which  it 
passed,  giving  to  it  advantages  of  market 
which  otherwise  would  have  been  denied  it  for 
a  long  time.  In  this  way,  it  was  a  profitable 
investment  for  the  Townships  through  which 
it  passed.  The  same  is  true  of  Toledo,  which 
was  made  the  mart  of  the  increased  traffic  thus 
produced.  Anything  like  the  same  spirit  of 
enterprise  iu  the  provision  of  good  roads, 
would  now  do  for  Toledo  like  good  service. 
Trade,  like  water,  seeks  the  channels  most 
open  to  it,  and  tliat  mart  is  wisest  which  re- 
moves most  obstructions  between  itself  and 
the  sources  of  trade.  That  is  what  the  Plank 
Roads  of  the  past  generation  did  for  Toledo,  and 
is  what  good  Stone    Roads    would  do  for  the 


City  in  the  present  and  coming  generations,  if 
judiciously  furnished. 

That  such  result  was  not  peculiar  to  Lucas 
County,  the  history  of  Plank  Road  enterprises 
in  the  AVest  fully  shows.  The  case  of  the  San- 
duskj'  Road  (the  Crawford,  Seneca  and  Erie) 
is  in  point.  With  a  construction  investment 
of  127,894,  the  gross  receipts  for  tolls  for  the 
year  1851-2,  were  $4,424 ;  with  bills  receivable, 
$550  ;  cash,  $148  ;  expense  account,  $1,480  ;  and 
bills  payable,  $3,336.  Notice  was  then  given, 
that  stock  delinquent  in  installments  should  be 
sold  at  auction.  Two  facts  seem  to  have  been 
largely  against  the  success  of  these  Roads. 
1st.  The  charge  for  tolls,  while  no  objection  to 
the  comi)aratively  few  persons  who  traveled  at 
times  of  muddy  roads,  was  found  to  be  a  very 
serious  matter  during:  the  balance  and  the 
main  portion  of  the  year,  the  consequence 
being,  that  the  other  roads  were  used  to  large 
extent,  and  trips  on  the  Plank  Road  reduced 
to  the  lowest  minimum.  2d.  The  materials  of 
which  these  Roads  were  constructed,  decayed 
much  faster  than  was  expected,  soon  involving 
heavy  outlays  for  repairs.  The  result  was, 
that  few  lines  ever  were  replanked,  while 
scarcely  any  approached  the  estimates  which 
had  induced  their  construction. 

In  18CS,  what  was  known  as  the  Tremaines- 
ville  Plank  Road,  was  constructed.  It  started 
at  the  old  City  line  on  Cherry  street,  Toledo  ; 
and  also  at  the  same  time  on  what  is  now 
Oollingwood  Avenue — the  two  uniting  at  the 
junction  of  those  streets;  thence,  crossing  Ten- 
Mile  Creek  on  the  old  Turnpike,  and  following 
the  line  of  the  old  North  Branch  Road  for  a 
distance  of  5  miles  in  the  direction  of  Sylvania. 
This  Road  was  constructed  under  a  law  of 
18(37,  authorizing  Plank  or  Gravel  Roads  to  be 
constructed  by  County  Commissioners,  upon 
petition  of  land  owners  on  the  routes,  the  cost 
to  be  assessed  upon  the  adjoining  property, 
according  to  benefits,  respectivel}'.  The  cost 
of  the  Tremainesville  Road  was  nearly  $21,000, 
or  over  $4,000  per  mile.  It  was  soon  discov- 
ered, that  without  better  jirovision  for  keeping 
the  road  in  repair  than  was  furnished  by  the 
law,  it  must  soon  disappear  by  deca}'.  To  meet 
this  need,  the  Legislature  authorized  its  trans- 
fer to  the  charge  of  a  corporation — the  Tre- 
mainesville Plank  Road  Company — in  which 
each  land-owner  was  made  a  stockholder  to  the 
amount  of  taxes  paid  for  the  Road.  Wm.  C. 
Earl  was  the  first  President  of  this  Company  ; 
Samuel  Blanchard  Treasurer,  and  John  Bladen, 
Secretary.  Mr.  Blanchard  succeeded  Mr.  Earl 
as  President.  The  Company  under  careful 
management  was  financially  a  success  ;  while  it 
furnished  an  excellent  thoroughfare  of  trade 
for  Toledo.  At  the  time  it  was  forced  to  sur- 
render its  Road  it  had  $5,000  in  its  treasury. 
Unfortunately  for  the  Roail,  and  for  all  depend- 
ent upon  the  facilities  it  supplied,  it  was  sud- 
denly closed  out  by  the  extension  of  the  Toledo 


PLANK  ROADS.  431 


City  line  so  as  to  include  its  toll-gate  and  so  $21,000.  Since  the  closing  out  of  that  Plank 
iiiuuli  of  its  line  as  to  render  tliereniaininif  frac-  Road,  as  stated,  a  large  portion  of  its  route  has 
tiou  useless  to  the  Company.  Tiir  Company  been  supplied  witii  a  sulistantial  graveled  road- 
asked  the  City  for  indemnity  for  such  damage,  wa}',  which  furnishes  an  excellent  sui)stitute 
and  in  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  obtained  a  for  the  former  thoroughfare.  That  lioad  con- 
judgment  for  the  same,  which  was  overruled  nected  with  a  like  improvement  at  the  Michi- 
by  the  Supreme  Court,  causing  to  the  tax-pay-  gan  State  line,  and  extended  to  Monroe,  and  is 
crs  on  the  line  of  the  Eoad,  a  loss   of  about  yet  maintained. 


CHAPTER    IV. 


THE  TELEGRAPH. 


THE  first  line  of  Magnetic  Telegraph  in  this  (the  New  York  and  Mississippi  Valley  Printing 

CDUutiy,  was  constructed  with  an  appro-  Telegraph  Company),  and  ultimatelj' it  became 

j)riation  of  §30, 000  made b}^  Congress  in  1843, for  part  of  the  consolidated  Western   Union   Tele- 

an  experimental  line  between  Washington  and  graph  s3-steni. 

Baltimore.  It  was  completed  in  the  Summer  The  Erie  and  Michigan  line  extended  from 
of  1844,  and  the  first  intelligence  of  public  in.  Buffalo,  via  Cleveland  and  Toledo,  to  Detroit; 
terest  transmitted  over  it  was  a  report  of  the  and  thence  to  Chicago  and  Milwaukee.  The 
action  of  the  Democratic  National  Convention,  office  at  Milan,  Ohio,  was  opened  in  July,  1848, 
held  in  Baltimore  in  July.  It  took  but  a  short  under  the  management  of  Je]itha  H.  Wade, 
time  full^'  to  demonstrate  the  success  of  the  en-  who  was  allowed,  for  himself  and  .son  Randall 
terprise,  and  additional  lines  were  constructed  (then  about  15  years  of  age),  a  joint  salary  of 
in  various  directions  in  the  East.  §400,  to  which  Mr.  Wade  added  a  small  income 
Two  years  later  (184G),  two  rival  lines  were  from  portrait  painting,  which  had  been  his  bus- 
projected  through  Northern  Ohio,  which  were  iness,  as  it  was  of  Professor  Morse,  the  origina- 
opened  for  use  in  1848.  The  one  was  that  of  tor  of  the  Telegraph.  The  coincidence  is 
the  Lake  Erie  Telegraph  Company,  under  the  further  shown  in  the  fact,  that  Mr.  Wade 
manatcement  of  Hemau  B.  Ely,  of  Eochester,  took  the  first  daguerreotype  West  of  Buffalo,  as 
New  York;  and  the  other,  that  of  the  Erie  and  Professor  Morse  did  the  first  one  in  New  York. 
Michigan  Telegraph  Company,  with  John  J.  Mr.  Wade,  with  Colonel  Speed,  built  the  line 
Speed,  Jr.,  and  Ezra  Cornell,  as  managers.  The  between  Detroit  and  Jackson,  and  the  former 
Lake  Erie  line  was  then  opened  between  Buf-  was  the  first  manager  and  operator  at  the  Jack- 
falo,  Pittsburgh  and  Detroit.  Its  business  was  son  ofiice.  The  first  operator  of  this  line  at 
not  very  encouraging  at  first,  as  the  following  Cleveland  was  A.  B.  Cornell  (since  Governor  of 
statement  for  the  month  of  January,  1849,  will  New  York),  a  sou  of  Ezra  Cornell,  his  salary 
show:  being  §400  per  year.  Some  of  the  other  offices 
„_„^,                                              I,    •  ,          r.  were  manned  as  follows : 

Offlces.  Receipts,  Expenses. 

Buffalo $212  30         $122  51  Monroe,  Michigan,  S.  G.  Clark  ;  salary  $200.  Kal- 

Ene 59  86             5.3  86  amazoo,  D.  F.  Howe,  $27.5,  and  one-third  of  market 

Ashtabula 19  98             35  99  report  (?).    Toledo,   D.   W.  C.  Rowlev,  |400  [but  a 

Cleveland 317  88           283  90  note  from  the  Superintendent,  D.  F.  fillotson,  stated 

Hudson 9  85             28  64  that  "  the  price  of  the  bed  and  bedding  should  be 

Akron 4172             49  60  paid  bv  him  "].  A.  G.  Luckev  was  Rowley's  assistant 

Massillon 42  29             80  61  at  Toledo.      Sandusky,    Charles   M.   Stebbins,   |i350. 

New  Lisbon 33  18             29  05  Fremont.  G.  H.  Valentine,  $250.     Jlaumee  City,  H. 

WellsYille 30  22             30  22  C.  Hutchiu.son,  *250.     Buffalo.  W.  D.  Allen,  |.iOO ; 

Pittsburgh 283  94           123  04  E.  G.  Morgan,  |400.     Detroit,  B.  B.  Hoyt,  |300. 

Elyria 39  64  37  45 

Sandusky 17180            89  95  In  a  letter  to  Manager  Howe,  at  Kalamazoo, 

Toledo 90  45            54  86  Superintendent  Tillotson  wi-ote  : 

Monroe 32  85  56  10 

Detroit 178  91           126  36  I  ^i^^  that  our  Company  have  a  bed,  bedding,  etc., 

at  your  Station.     That  is  a  saving  to  you,  probably, 

$1,564  67      $1202  24  of  |30  per  annum,  which  should  be  conisidered  ;  other- 
wise, we  had  better  sell  it,  as  it  is  a  poor  kind  of  assets 
Among  the  first  Operators  of  the  Lake  Erie  to  pay  dividends  with  to  stockholders  who  have  ad- 
Line,  were  the  following  :  vanced  $110,000  to  build  the  line  with.     Your  salary 

($275)  should  not  exceed  $200.     Many  offices  with  as 

Buffalo — Mont.  Gibbs,  Sidney  Gibbs.  Cleveland —  much  or  more  business  at  the  East,  are  kept   up  for 

H.  S.  Bishop,  W.  Herrick,  S.  G".  Lynch,   Jones  ?100  per  vear. 

Pittsburgh— James  Bellows.      Erie— J.    E.    Dunn.  ..    ,         •           ,           ,  ,.                                    ,.    . 

Mas.sillon,  Ohio— J.  H.  Painter.     Akron— L.  H.  Mch-  At  that  time,  the  public  press  was  supplied 

ols.    Hudson— E.  W.  Moore.    Wellsville— J.  Jv.  Al-  with  news  and  market  reports  wholly  by  the 

vord,  P.   S.   Mclntcsh.     Ashtabula— R.   T.  Greene,  Telei>raph  Companies,  which  furnished  what- 

D.  V.  Benedict  Collins                             c""it  which,   at    the  best,    was    meager   enough    in 

amount,  consisting  of  little   beside   what  was 

i he  property  of  this   Company  finally  fell  found  in  the  local  papers.     What  this  source  of 

into  the  hands  of  a  Sheriff,  by  whom  it  was  revenue  and  business  messages  amounted  to  at 

sold,  being  purchased  by  the  lessee  of  the  line  the  different  Stations  of  the  Erie  and  Michigan 

[432] 


THE  TELEGRAPH. 


433 


line,  foi-  the  month  of  November,  1848,  is  shown 
in  the  following  statement : 

Business.  Press.  Total. 

Detroit $138  55  $30  00  $168  55 

Chicago 199  62  50  00  249  62 

Milwaukee 77  79  50  00  127  79 

Southport 26  57  25  00  5157 

Racine 24  05  25  00  49  05 

Michigan  City 15  62  25  00  38  62 

South  Bend 8  55  25  00  33  55 

Kalamazoo 1192  25  00  36  92 

Jackson 1112  25  00  36  12 

Toledo 32  19  30  00  62  19 

Maumee  City 7  14  25  00  32  13 

Fremont 5  98  25  00  30  98 

Sandusky IS  71  28  00  46  71 

Milan  ..1 27  20  28  00  55  20 

Cleveland 55  30           55  30 

Erie .     19  86  9  25  29  11 

Buffalo 114  49  2  25  116  74 

$784  96      $427  50     $1,212  46 

Evident!}-,  in  .several  instances  of  receijJts 
from  press  rejiorts  here  named,  schedule  charges 
are  given,  rather  than  the  sums  actually  paid. 
With  the  exceptions  of  Buffalo,  Cleveland,  San- 
dusk}-,  Toledo,  Detroit,  Chicago  and  Milwau- 
kee, there  were  then  only  weekly  papers  issued, 
not  one  of  which,  it  is  deemed  safe  to  say,  could 
afford  to  jjay  S28,  or  one-half  that  amount  per 
month  for  Telegraph  reports.  In  some  in- 
stances, these  probably  were  taken  regularly, 
but  chiefly  as  furnished  free  by  operators.  The 
writer  has  distinct  recollection,  that  it  was  on 
such  terms,  at  the  hands  of  Manager  Wade,  his 
own  i)aper  (the  Milan  Tribune)  was  supplied 
its  first  "  Telegraphic  Report,"  which  consisted 
of  intelligence  of  the  French  Revolution  in 
July,  1848,  as  it  subsequently  was  with  other 
news.* 

Mr.  Wade  subsequently  built  the  line  from 
Cleveland  to  Columbus  ;  was  actively  connected 

*  An  incident  in  this  connection  may  not  be  out 
of  place  here.  The  extension  of  the  first  Telegraph 
line  West  of  Buffalo,  stopped  for  some  time  at  Cleve- 
land. It  was  during  such  period  that  the  Editor  of 
the  Milan  Tribune  indulged  in  a  little  enterprise  in 
the  interest  of  his  paper.  It  so  happened,  that  on 
the  day  preceding  the  issue  of  his  paper  of  April  14, 
1847,  the  news  from  the  Mexican  War  so  clearly  in- 
dicated the  early  fall  of  Vera  Cruz,  before  the  assault 
under  General  Winfield  Scott,  that  the  Editor  ven- 
tured to  make  the  trip  from  Milan  to  Elyria  by  car- 
riage, on  the  morning  of  the  14th,  in  order  at  that 
place  to  meet  the  mail-stage  with  the  Cleveland  morn- 
ing papers.  His  plan  was,  that  in  case  the  expected 
intelligence  be  received,  he  would  return  to  Milan 
(28  miles)  in  time  to  have  the  news  put  in  type  and 
his  papers  for  the  Westward-bound  mail  in  the  Post- 
oflice  when  the  stage  should  arrive  from  Elyria.  His 
expectation  as  to  the  War  news  was  justified  by 
tidings  of  the  fall  of  the  Ca.stle  of  San  Juan  D'Ulloa 
and  the  capture  of  Vera  Cruz  on  the  26th,  and  the 
formal  capitulation  on  the  29th  of  March.  The  news 
reached  Pensacola,  Florida,  April  4th.  The  return 
from  Elyria  w'as  made  in  about  four  hours,  beating 
the  stage  sufficiently  as  to  time,  for  the  Tribune  with 
the  news  to  be  printed  and  delivered  at  the  Postoffice 
before  the  mail  arrived. 


with  the  construction  of  the  California  line, 
and  was  chief  manager  in  the  organization  of 
the  Western  Union  Telegraph  .system.  For 
many  years  past,  as  now  (1887),  that  gentle- 
man has  been  largely  engaged  in  Banking, 
Manufacturing  and   Railroading  at  Cleveland. 

Connected  with  Mr.  Wade  in  the  construc- 
tion of  the  Pacific  Telegraph  line,  was  Mr.  Chas. 
M.  Stebbins.  The  latter  was  a  printer  by  trade, 
and  took  his  first  lessons  in  telegra])hy  from 
Mr.  Wade  at  Milan,  in  1848-lt.  Soon  after  the 
discovery  of  gold  at  Pike's  Peak.  Mv.  Stebbins 
bought  the  line  from  St.  Louis  to  the  Western 
border  of  Missouri,  which  proved  a  good  in- 
vestment. 

On  the  18th  October,  1861,  Brigham  Young 
sent  the  first  telegraphic  message  over  the  new 
line  from  Salt  Lake  City,  to  Mr.  Wade,  at 
Cleveland,  congratulating  the  latter  on  the 
completion  of  the  overland  Telegraph  to  that 
point.  The  Western  portion  of  the  line  was 
completed  soon  thereaf^ter. 

Rates  for  the  Pacific  Telegraph,  when  opened 
from  St.  Louis,  were  as  follows:  To  Omaha,  10 
words,  $1.70,  each  additional  word  15c.  To 
Fort  Bridger,  Utah,  $3.75,  and  31c.  To  Salt 
Lake  Citj-,  S4.00,  and  3.3c.  To  Sacramento, 
California,  $4.25,  and  3Gc.     To  San  Francisco, 


$4.25,  and  36c.     To  Shasta,  California, 


.25, 


and  46c. 

The  extension  of  the  Telegraph  Westward 
raised  with  the  Western  press  a  problem  of  no 
small  importance.  The  use  of  the  new  agency 
was  very  essential ;  but  could  it  be  employed 
with  any  certainty  of  success?  Such  was  the 
practical  question.  Referring  to  the  subject, 
the  Toledo  Blade,  of  August  23,  1847,  said: 

We  shall,  if  the  Blade  meets  with  an  increase  of 
encouragement  suflicient  to  warrant  the  expense,  be 
enabled  to  furnish  our  readers  with  foreign  intelli- 
gence at  the  moment  of  its  reception  at  the  Eastern 
Seaports. 

The  Cleveland  Plain  Dealer,  about  the  same 
time,  had  the  following: 

AVe  are  a  thousand  miles  from  the  Seacoast,  and 
for  every  10  words  brought  over  the  Telegraph  line 
for  us,  somebody  has  to  pay  25  cents.  For  every  five 
lines  of  printed'  matter,  somebody  has  got  to  pay 
$1.00.  Now,  who  shall  that  somebody  be?  If 
Cleveland  contained  30,000  inhabitants,  and  we  had 
3,000  subscribers  to  our  daily  paper,  we  could  stand 
the  expense  and  be  "somebody;"  but  as  it  is,  we 
cannot.  With  only  600  daily  subscribers,  it  will  re- 
quire at  least  200  more  to  justify  the  additional  ex- 
pense. Where  are  these  200  additional  subscribers  ? 
We  know  they  are  in  the  City,  abundantly  able  and 
fond  of  news  as  anybody  ;  but  they  do  not  like  to 
hazard  the  expense  of  a  daily  jiaper  at  $6.00  a  year, 
although  its  telegraphic  reports  may  be  worth  double 
the  subscription  price  to  them. 

A  few  days  later  the  Plaiii  Dealer  announced 
that  it  had  made  arrangements  with  the  Tele- 
graph line  for  reports,  on  condition  that  its 
daily  circulation  would  be  increased  from  600 
to  900. 


434 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Tlic  Toledo  Bhulc  of  Fi'l.nuiry  14,  1848,  an- 
iiouiici'd  tlio  o])t'iiiiig  at  ToK'do  of  an  office  of 
tlio  Lake  Ei-io  Telegraph  ]jiiie,iii  the  following- 
entlmsiaslic  terms: 

Tlio  magic  wires  are  liere,  and  we  are  in  connec- 
tion. We  slial!  lienceforth  be  able  to  furnish  our 
readers  witii  the  latest  news— the  daily  condition  of 
the  I'^asti'rn  markets,  and  all  that  kind  of  practical 
intelligence,  which  is  now  largely  sought  after  by  the 
business  world.  The  exiiense  incident  to  theeniploy- 
nienl  of  the  Telegraph,  we  can  illy  bear,  but  a  con- 
vi<'tiou  that  our  enterprise  will  not  go  unrewarded, 
induces  us  to  hazard  tlie  experiment  of  a  trial. 

The  Telegraph  ciduinn  of  the  ])aper  was 
liea<led  as  follows: 

THE  FIK.ST  STREAK  ! 

BY    TELEGRAPH    PROM   BUFFALO. 

For  the  Toledo  Bladr. 
TEi.EciRAPn  Office,  Toledo,  February  14,  1S48,  0 
p.  iM. — The  Telegraph  has  just  commenced  operations 
at  the  Toledo  Oflice,  and  through  the  politeness  of 
Jlr.  II.  B.  Ely,  JIanager,  we  are  enabled  to  lay  before 
our  readers  the  Buflalo  and  New  York  markets  in 
advance  of  all  other  means  of  communication. 

Following  the  above  were  the  Market  reports 
of  Buffalo,  dated  February  12,  3  p.  M.,and  the 
New  York  report,  dated  February  11,  7  P.  m. 

The  first  item  of  current  "  News  by  Tele- 
gi-aph  to  the  Blade,"  was  published  February 
16tb,  and  consisted  of  the  report  of  the  murder 
of  a  colored  man  in  New  York. 

February  18th,  appeared  the  first  "  Steamer 
News"  (by  the  Hibernia),  the  intelligence 
leaving  New  York  at  10:30  a.  m.  of  the  17tb. 

The  following  explanations  given  in  the 
Telegraph  columns  of  the  Blade,  of  the  dates 
stated,  will  show  something  of  the  experiences, 
both  of  the  Press  and  the  Telegraph  Com- 
pany, at  the  outset  of  their  connection  : 

February  21st.  "  No  report  to-day.  The  Tele- 
graph won't  work  to  Buflalo." 

Fel)ruary  l'3d,  3  r.  Ji.  "  No  report  by  Telegraph 
to  day  from  Buffalo  and  Sew  York.     Wires  broken." 

March  ;ith,  lUh  and  21,st.  "  No  Telegraph  report 
to-day." 

March  2:5d.  "  Our  neighbors  at  C'leveland  having 
ordered  the  daily  report  Vjy  Telegraph  to  be  stopped, 
wo  shall  be  unable  to  furnish  it  until  we  can  make 
arrangements  with  a  Buflalo  reporter." 

Marcli  2Stli,  reports  were  i-eceived. 

April  1st.  ■'  The  Telegraph  \\ires  are  broken  be- 
tween this  place  and  Sandusky  City,  consequently 
we  have  no  report  to-day." 

April  1 1th.  "  Arrival  of  the  '  Hibernia.'  Nothing 
startling— everything  quiet.  When  we  got  this  far. 
the  Telegraph  gave  out." 

^  April  Kith,  the  Blade  had  a  new  trouble,  to  wit: 
"  Tlie  frequent  use  the  Sandusky  operator  made  of 
his  '  ground-wire.'  We  received  the  report  at  10  p.  m., 
some  four  hours  after  our  jiublication  hour,  and 
were  put  to  the  trouble  of  issuing  an  extra.  Reason- 
able forbearance  is  a  virtue,  but  there  is  a  point 
w-here  it  ceases,  and  we  are  on  the  verge  of  that 
point." 

April  10th.  "  Lines  not  w'orking,  in  consequence 
of  the  wet  weather." 

April  24th.  ' '  The  report  of  the  operator  is  to-dav, 
that  there  is  no  circuit  East  of  Erie." 


April  27th.  "  We  regret  that  the  transmission  of 
our  report  should  be  delayed.  But  accidents  will 
happen.     The  line  is  down  somewhere." 

May  1st.  "  A  heavy  storm  prevents  communica- 
tion by  Telegraph  East  of  Cleveland  to-day." 

May  2d.     "  No  Telegraphic  report  this  afternoon." 

Same,  May  4th,  5th  and  6th. 

May  10th"  "  No  report  from  New  York  to-day. 
Line  down  East  of  Rochester." 

May  12th.     "  No  report,  and  no  explanation." 

May  15th.  '"Some  of  our  readers  may  be  sur- 
prised at  the  absence  of  Telegrapliic  reports  from  our 
pa])er.  We  wdll  explain.  We  made  an  arrangement 
with  the  Cleveland  publishers  to  procure  the  services 
of  a  reporter  at  Buffalo,  but  our  Cleveland  neighbors 
having  discontinued  their  reports,  we  are  also  obliged 
to  do  so.  We  are  now  trying  to  make  aiTangements 
for  regular  reports,  and  if  we  can  do  so  and  live,  we 
shall ;  otherwise,  we  shall  discontinue  altogether." 

May  17th,  18th  and  19th.     "  No  report." 

May  20th.  "  No  report  when  we  go  to  ijress — 
there  being  electricity  in  the  air." 

May  23d.  "  No  Buffalo  report  at  the  time  of  going 
to  pi  ess— because  of  electricitv  in  the  atmosphere." 

May  31st,  June  5th.  7th,' 10th  and  17th.  "No 
report." 

June  19th.  "  No  New  York  report— lightning  in 
the  State  of  New  York." 

June  21st—"  New  York  line  down." 

During  the  next  IS  days,  the  report  failed  six 
times,  and  then  (Juh'  11th)  came  this:  "  The  nat- 
ural lightning  played  a  freak  with  the  Telegraph  to- 
day, wliich  will  probably  i)revent  us  from  having  re- 
ports for  a  week  longer.  It  struck  the  wires,  broke 
the  machine,  upset  the  operator,  and  kicked  up  a 
fuss  generally." 

To  add,  if  possible,  to  the  annoyance,  on  the  31st 
of  May  the  Blade  received  a  joint  letter  from  P. 
Evans  &  Son,  R.  Evans,  J.  C.  Woodward,  W.  R. 
Evans  &  Co.,  and  IVIoore  &  Henry,  subscribers  at 
Defiance,  asking  "  to  have  their  money  refunded  and 
the  paper  discontinued,  uniess  they  could  have  it 
regularly,"  they  frequently  getting  two  or  three 
copies  at  a  time.  The  editor  explained  the  trouble 
and  said:  ''Our  subscribers  would  not  blame  us, 
did  they  know  all.  The  meager  reports  we  now  re- 
ceive, whether  they  come  dailv  or  weekly,cost  about 
18.00  per  week." 

The  facts  given  in  this  connection,  indicate 
something  of  the  trials  to  which  the  pioneer 
Telegraph  managers,  far  more,  even,  than  the 
Press,  were  subjected.  The  distance  between 
the  meager  and  unreliable  reports  of  those  days 
and  the  page  after  page  of  Telegraphic  news 
now  daily  and  reliably  transmitted,  seems  like 
the  separation  of  two  worlds.  It  should  be  borne 
in  mind,  that  at  the  time  named,  but  a  single 
wire  was  stretched  by  imj)erfect  fastenings,  in 
many  cases  to  insufficient  poles,  along  the  pub- 
lic highway — there  then  being  no  Railroad  be- 
tween Buffalo  and  Toledo — the  only  means  of 
examining  and  repairing  the  line  being  by  pri- 
vate conveyance,  and  much  of  the  time  over 
roads  hardlj'  passable.  There  were  then  no 
connecting  lines,  over  which  communication 
could  be  had.  Hence,  the  "  line  down  "  at  any 
point  between  Toledo  and  New  York,  was  a 
complete  suspension  of  business  until  the  break 
could  be  found  and  I'epaired,  which  work,  in 
many  cases,  was  then  devolved  upon  the  local 
oj)erator8. 


THE  TELEGRAPH. 


435 


Tlic  conditions,  in  this  respect,  are  greatly 
changed.  It  is  now  almost  impossible  com- 
])letely  to  sever  telegraphic  communication  be- 
tween the  principal  Cities,  the  numerous  lines 
which  center  in  them  from  everj'  direction  af- 
fording outlet  even  when  the  most  direct  routes 
are  crippled  or  cut  off.  A  sleet-storm,  which 
may  temporarily  disable  the  entire  local  plant 
at  any  given  point,  is,  perhaps,  the  only  thing 
that  could  cause  a  complete  suspension  of  com- 
munication. 

Tlie  character  of  the  service  performed  for 
the  Press,  sliows  no  less  imjirovement.  For- 
merly, it  was  the  custom  for  representatives  of 
the  newspapers  taking  reports,  to  copy  them 
as  the  Operator  read  from  the  jiaper  on 
the  instrument.  In  the  Autumn  of  1854,  how- 
ever, the  services  of  these  amanvienses  were  dis- 
pensed with  at  Toledo,  and  the  Operator,  read- 
ing by  the  sound  of  the  instrument,  copied  the 
report  in  duplicate  for  the  two  papers  which 
received  and  published  it.  Within  the  last  two 
years  the  tj-pe-writer  has  been  introduced  into 
this  service,  and  in  nearly  all  the  principal 
Cities,  these  instruments  are  now  used  in  copy- 
ing Press  reports,  the  Operator  receiving  from 
the  instrument  "by  sound,"  and  sending 
to  the  com])ositor  the  jirinted  sheets  irom 
his  tj'pe-writer.  The  insulation  of  old-time 
wires  was  very  im])erfect.  Those  running  into 
and  through  the  various  offices,  were  devoid  of 
protecting  or  insulating  covering  ;  while  out- 
side, especially  during  the  Summer  months, 
much  trouble  was  caused  by  the  rank  growth 
of  trees  and  underbrush.  This,  coming  in  con- 
tact with  the  wires,  opened  numerous  channels 
for  the  escape  of  the  current  to  the  earth;  so 
that,  even  when  the  wires  were  intact,  they  did 
their  work  much  of  the  time  slowly  and  onlj- 
with  the  exercise  of  much  perseverance  and 
painstaking  by  the  Operator.  Business  was, 
of  course,  greatl}'  tlelayed  in  consequence,  and 
the  patron  of  the  Tolegrajjh  thought  nothing  of 
waiting  a  whole  daj'  for  a  re]:)ly  to  a  message 
sent  by  him  to  New  York.  Now,  it  is  a  fre- 
quent occurrence  for  the  sender  of  a  message 
fi"om  the  tioor  of  the  Toledo  Produce  Exchange 
to  his  correspondent  "on  'Change"  at  New 
York,  to  receive  his  answer  in  one  minute. 

A  well-authenticated  case  like  this  is  given 
of  early  days  :  A  Telegraph  Operator  furnished 
a  ClevelantI  daily  paper  with  news  which  he 
.stole  from  the  wire  while  it  was  being  trans- 
mitted to  other  pajjers.  The  operator's  pay  for 
such  service  was  ^4,00  per  week.  Not  getting 
his  pay,  he  "stopped  the  reports." 

Two  Press  organizations— the  Western  Asso- 
ciated and  the  United  Press  Association — now 
lease  and  control  their  own  separate  Telegraphic 
tacilities,  emphjying  their  own  Operators  and 
maintaining  offices,  distinct  from  those  of 
the  Telegraph  Company.  Should  the  wire  over 
which  their  report  is  passing  at  any  time  be- 
come disabled,  a  perfect  wire  is  instantly  sup- 


plied, and  the  work  proceeds  without  deiaj'. 
Tiie  announcement,  "  No  report  to-da}- — Line 
down,"  which  was  once  ke]it  standing  in  most 
newspa])er  offices,  ready  for  use,  has  disaj)- 
peared  and  will  probably  be  seen  no  more.  The 
advance  made  in  this  connection  within  the  ]>ast 
1)0  years,  will  be  seen  when  it  is  stated,  that 
tlie  time  occu])ied  in  the  transmission  of  the 
annual  message  of  President  Pierce,  in  Decem- 
ber, 1854,  was  14  hours,  the  entire  document 
having  been  sent  on  one  wire,  and  received 
in  Toledo  bj'  Charles  0.  Brigham,  then  l(i 
years  of  age.  Now,  for  similar  service,  five  or 
more  wires  are  used,  and  the  time  occu])ied  in 
the  transmission  is  usually  about  three  hours. 

In  this  connection,  a  brief  review  of  the  many 
Telegraph  ventures  with  which  Toledo  has 
been  connected,  will  not  be  out  of  place.  As 
already  stated,  the  Erie  and  Michigan,  and  the 
Atlantic,  Lake  and  Mississippi  Telegraph 
Comj)anies — the  former  commonly  known  as 
the  "  Speed  Line,"  and  the  latter  as  the 
"  O'fJeilly  liine" — opened  offices  in  Toledo 
some  time  during  the  year  1848.  About  lSrt4, 
the  New  York  and  Mississippi  Vallc}'  Printing 
Telegraph  Company  obtained  control  of  the 
O'Eeilly  plant,  adding  to  its  facilities.  In  1855, 
all  the  above  mentioned  passed  into  and  became 
])art  of  the  newly  organized  Western  Union 
sj'stem. 

This  Company  occupied  the  field  unopposed 
until  1864,  when  the  United  States  Telegra]ih 
Company  opened  an  office  in  Toledo,  occupying 
tlie  room  now  used  by  the  LTnited  Lines  Tele- 
graph Company,  in  Ilartford  Block,  Madison 
Street,  as  its  main  office.  In  March,  1860,  the 
property  and  franchises  of  the  United  States 
Company  were  purchased  by  the  Western 
Union,  and  the  former,  as  a  competing  organi- 
zation, ceased  to  exist. 

The  next  candidate  for  favor,  was  the  Atlan- 
tic and  Pacific  Telegraph  Company,  which 
opened  an  office  in  Toledo  in  the  rooms  vacated 
by  the  United  States  Company.  The  Atlantic 
and  Pacific,  under  an  energetic  local  manage- 
ment, proved  to  be  a  very  lively  competi- 
tor, remaining  in  the  field  until  it  was  merged 
in  the  Western  Union.  Its  first  manager  in 
Toledo  was  Mr.  William  M.  Coon,  and  its  last 
was  Mr.  J.  M.  McNamar,  both  still  residents 
of  Toledo. 

In  the  Spring  of  1880,  the  American  Union 
Telegraph  Company  opened  an  office  in  the 
First  National  Bank  building  on  Summit  Street, 
which  was  maintained  one  year,  when  that 
Conijiany  also  became  a  part  of  the  Western 
Union  system.  Their  SuiJerintendcnt  and 
Manager  at  this  j)oint  was  Mr.  Charles  Sclden. 

In  the  Spring  of  1882,  the  wires  of  the  jMu- 
tuall^nion  Telegraph  Company  reached  Toledo 
and  an  office  was  ojiened  in  the  Poag  Block, 
corner  Summit  and  Madison  Streets,  with  Mr. 
C.  D.  Meserve  as  ilanager.  At  the  expiration 
of  one  year,  this  Company  likewise  became,  by 


436 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


virtue  of  a  le:i(<e  of  its  ]iro]ierty  and  fraiicliises, 
practically  a  partof  the  AVestern  Union  system. 

In  1S84,  early  in  the  year,  the  Postal  Tele- 
graph and  Cable  C(>mi)aiiy  opened  anotfice"at 
the  old  stand,"  on  Madison  Street.  Mr.  J.  A. 
Hawley  was  its  first  manager,  wiio  afterwai'ds 
was  succeeded  by  Mr.  J.  M.  Wright,  the  pres- 
ent incumbent.  The  Postal,  shortly  after  its 
establisiiment,  was  joined  by  the  Bankers'  and 
iMerchants',  a  kindred  organization,  and  the 
two  are  now  doing  business  under  the  name  of 
the  "  United  Lines  Telegraph  Company." 

A  new  candidate  for  business  in  the  tele- 
graphic field  has  just  apjieared  (February, 
1887)  in  the  Inter-State  Telegra])li  Company, 
and  is  building  a  line  Irom  Detroit,  on  the 
North,  to  a  c(jnnection  with  the  Baltimore  and 
Ohio  Telegraph  Company  at  Fostoria,  or  some 
other  point  on  the  South,  This  Company, 
since  the  date  named,  has  opened  an  office  at 
No.  40  Madison  Street,  E.  A.  Shijjman  as 
Manager. 

Mr.  "William  A.  Beach,  the  well-known  Man- 
ager of  the  Western  Union  interests  in  this 
City,  came  to  Toledo  in  September,  1854,  as 
Manager  of  the  Erie  and  Michigan  or  "  Speed  " 
office.  U])on  the  organization  of  the  Western 
Union  Compan}-,  which  took  place  the  ensuing 
year,  he  became  its  local  Manager,  a  position 
which,  for  32  years,  he  has  continued  to 
fill  with  credit  to  himself  and  satisfaction  to 
the  Company.  When  he  took  chiirge  of  the 
Toledo  office  in  1854,  its  facilities  for  the  trans- 
mission of  business  consisted  of  two  wires,  and 
his  only  assistants  were  one  ojierator  and  a 
messenger.  Now,  the  office  which  stands  as 
the  successor  of  the  one  originally  managed  by 
him.  has  connected  with  it  113  wires,  and  (with 
its  branches)  emploj's  30  operatoi's,  together 
with  a  corresponding  force  of  clerks, 
messengers,  line  men  and  battery  men. 
The  receipts  of  the  office  for  the  month  of  Oc- 
tober, 1854,  amounted  to  $417.25.  For  the 
corresponding  month  in  1886,  the  amount  was 
$3,9(10.  The  number  of  messages  handled  in 
1854,  was  about  3,000  ,  in  October,  1880,  it  was 
80,988. 

With  Manager  Beach  have  been  associated 
the  following  named  employees  of  the  Company: 


Mr.  Charles  O.  Brighani,  Chief  Operator,  began 
his  connection  witli  the  business,  in  May,  1852,  as 
messenger  of  the  Atlantic  and  Lake  Erie  (Speed)  line, 
being  then  1.3  years  old.  Ani1)itious  for  promotion, 
he  at  once  sought  every  opportunity  for  learning  the 
art  and  skill  of  operating,  and  for  want  of  )iftter  facil- 
ities, practiced  witli  a  pencil  over  his  jack-knife  and 
with  door-latches.  In  November,  IS.x!,  he  attained 
the  coveted  position  of  Operator  in  the  O'Reilly  office. 
In  February,  18.54,  he  changed  io  the  Speed  line,  and 
for  a  time  was  in  its  ('leveland  oftiee.  with  Mr.  Beach, 
the  two  together  coming  to  Toledo  in  .Sejitember  of 
that  year,  Mr.  lieach  as  Manager,  and  Mr.  Brigham 
as  Operator.  In  18(il,  the  business  of  the  Toledo 
othce  rec|uired  an  enlarged  force,  when  Mr.  Brigham 
became  the  first  ('hief  Operator,  the  position  which 
he  yet  holds.  From  June,  18(it),  until  1877,  he  was 
Superintendent  of  the  City  Fire  Alarm.  In  Septem- 
ber, 1860.  he  was  appointed  as  the  local  Agent  of  the 
Western  Associated  Press,  serving  as  such  until 
March,  1880,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  8.  S.  Kna- 
benshue. 

Mr.  George  M.  Brigham  became  an  operator  in  the 
Western  Union  office  in  February,  1870,  and  since 
187.5  has  acted  as  Night  Chief  Operator. 

Mr.  Joseph  T.  Cliurch  commenced  as  Messenger, 
in  July,  1870;  began  as  Operator,  in  October,  1877; 
and  has  served  as  A.ssistant  Chief  on  dav  force  since 
June,  1879. 

Frank  M.  Green  became  Cashier  and  Book-keeper 
of  the  Office  in  May,  18(i(i,  and  yet  holds  the  position. 

Until  1874,  the  service  of  the  line  was  per- 
formed wholly  at  one  office.  At  that  lime  the 
business  in  connection  with  the  Produce  Ex- 
change had  assumed  proportions  demanding 
more  ready  and  more  ample  facilities,  when  a 
branch,  known  as  "  Exchange  Office,"  was 
opened  on  the  floor  of  that  organization.  Its 
first  Manager  was  Mr.  W  W.  Wells  who,  in 
1882,  was  succeeded  by  the  present  incumbent. 
Mi".  John  M.  Cronenberg.  His  staff  consists  of 
eight  o])erators. 

The  department  of  Construction  and  Repairs 
constitutes  an  important  part  of  the  Telegraph 
.system.  In  1863  this  service  was  i)laced  in  the 
hands  of  Mr.  Joseph  Keenau,  as  Foreman,  who 
since  that  time  has  had  charge  of  that  service 
for  the  District  of  Toledo  and  vicinitj',  and  to 
whose  skill  antl  industry'  the  excellent  condi- 
tion of  the  lines  is  largely  due. 

Among  the  early  operators  in  Toledo,  were 
Messrs.  Maurice  A.  Scott,  Charles  E.  Bliven, 
and  others. 


CHAPTER    V. 


THE   TELEPHONK. 


THE  trausmissiou  of  sounds  through  the 
agency  of  electricity,  was  discovered  many 
years  since.  Conversation  has  been  carried  on 
by  such  means  for  a  distance  of  300  miles,  al- 
though 75  miles  is  as  far  as  it  can  be  satisfac- 
torily d((ne.  It  is  more  readily  done  in  cold 
than  in  warm  weather.  A  tele|>honic  concert 
was  given  in  Steinway  Hall,  Xew  York,  in  1877, 
in  which  all  the  music,  vocal  and  instrumental, 
was  executed  by  perlormers  in  Philadelphia, 
88  miles  distant,  and  transmitted  over  the  or- 
dinarj-  telegraph  wires.  Various  inventors  took 
part  in  the  development  of  this  remarkable  in- 
vention, including  Professor  C.  G.  Page,  of 
Washington,  D.  C;  De  la  Rive,  of  Geneva  ; 
Charles  Bourseulle,  of  Auch,  France;  Phillip 
Reis,  of  Germany  ;  and  Elisha  Gray,  of  Chicago. 
The  name  now  most  prominently  identitietl 
with  the  Telephone,  is  that  of  Alex.  Graham 
Bell,  of  Boston,  who  exhibited  at  the  Centen- 
nial Exjjosition,  Philadelphia,  in  1876,  an  ap])a- 
ratus  which  reproduced  hunuin  speech  with  all 
its  modulations.  Others  have  made  improve- 
ments of  greater  or  less  importance,  among 
whom  are  Thomas  A.  Edison,  Professor  A.  E. 
Dolbear  and  G.  M.  Phelps. 

The  Telephone  was  first  tested  in  Toledo,  Jan- 
uary 20,  1878,  when  the  Railway  Ticket  Office 
of  Wm.  Gates,  in  the  Boody  House,  and  the 
Western  Union  Telegraph  Office,  corner  Sum- 
mit and  Adams  streets,  were  thus  successfully 
connected.  For  nearly  a  year  previous  to  that 
time,  simple  Acoustic  Telephones,  consisting  of 
a  cord  or  a  wire,  with  tin  cups  or  other  vessels 
answering  the  di)uble  purpose  of  transmitters 
and  receivers,  were  operated  to  a  limited  ex- 
tent, some  of  them  covering  distances  of  several 
blocks.  The  one  named  was  the  first  used  here 
which  employed  a  battery  and  other  complete 
appliances.  The  next  Telephone  introduced, 
and  believed  to  be  the  first  one  regulai'ly  fixed, 


connected  two  stores  of  F.  W.  Preston,  one  on 
Monroe  street,  and  the  other  323  Summit,  cor- 
ner of  Walnut.  The  distance  is  about  three- 
fourths  of  a  mile.  The  use  of  the  instrument 
was  successful,  and  did  much  toward  the  ex- 
tension of  the  same  in  the  Cit3^ 

In  1878  the  rival  systems  of  Bell  and  Edison 
Telephones  were  simultaneously  inti'oduced  in 
Toledo  bj-  the  establishment  of  sepiarate  and 
competing  Exchanges — the  former  under  the 
management  of  S.  C.  Schenck  and  John  M. 
Wheeler;  and  the  latter  under  that  of  James 
M.  McNamar.  These  had  been  in  operation 
but  a  few  months,  when  the  two  systems  were 
consolidated,  and  the  Toledo  organizations 
passed  into  the  hands  of  the  Midland  Telephone 
Companj'.  Subsequently,  the  Toledo  Exchange 
became  the  property  of  the  Central  Union  Tel- 
ephone Company,  whicli  still  owns  anti  man- 
ages it.  .The  manager  of  the  Toledo  Exchange 
now  (1887)  is  Mr.  John  W.  Cherry,  the  entire 
force  of  employees  being  27  in  number.  The 
number  of  telephones  embraced  in  the  Ex- 
change is  1,005,  and  is  extending  rapidly.  The 
telephone  most  distant  is  that  of  the"  Cedar 
Point  Club,  12  miles  from  the  Central  Office, 
corner  Adams  and  Huron  streets.  The  rates 
now  charged  are  :  For  business  purposes — 860 
per  annum  for  one-half  mile  of  wire;  %66  for 
three-fourths  of  a  mile  ;  S72  for  one  mile  ;  and 
86.00  for  each  fourth  mile  additional.  For  res- 
idences—$42,  $45,  $48,  and  16,  respectively. 
The  Exchange  is  connected  with  all  Cities  and 
Towns  in  Northwestern  Ohio  and  Southeastern 
Michigan  havingTeleplione  facilities.  The  man- 
agement of  the  Toledo  Exchange  has  been,  from 
the  first,  exceptionally  satisfactory  to  customers, 
whereby  the  introduction  of  that  great  agency 
for  every  department  of  neighborhood  inter- 
course,has  been  and  is  yet,ver3- rapid.  Its  utiliza- 
tion seems  now  only  beginning  in  development. 


[437] 


CHAPTEE    VI. 


THE    MADMEE    RIVER    MARINE. 


THE  earlier  Custom-House  records  of  this 
Di.strict  are  not  to  be  found,  and  for  infor- 
mation as  to  the  first  crafts  navigating  or  built 
upon  the  Maunice  Eiver,  we  are  dependent 
upon  tlie  memory  of  those  most  familiar  there- 
with. Fortunately,  this  source  is  exceptionally 
good,  and  with  the  official  evidence  available, 
the  facts  are  no  doubt  substantially  reached. 
The  first  craft  regularly  trading  on  the  River, 
so  far  as  known,  was  the  Schooner  Black  Snalvc, 
Captain  Jacob  Wilki.son,  in  May,  1815,  ou  board 
which  was  the  Captain's  nephew,  David  Wilki- 
son,  afterward  so  prominent  in  River  and  Lake 
navigation.  In  August,  18G8,  Willard  V.  Way, 
Esq.,  an  old  and  intelligent  resident  of  Perrys- 
burg  furnished  a  statement  of  the  life  and  work 
of  tiie  latter  gentleman,  together  with  a  list  of 
crafts  built  on  the  River,  from  the  earliest  date 
to  1854,  according  to  the  Captain's  recollection. 
Mr.  Way  said  : 

Captain  Wilkison  states  that  he  first  came  to  the 
Mauuiee  in  the  latter  part  of  May,  181."),  on  the 
Schooner  Black  Snake,  of  about  2r)  tons.  He  was 
then  about  15  years  of  age,  and  was  a  hand  on  the 
V'es.sel,  his  father  and  his  uncle  (Jacob  Wilkison) 
being  the  owners,  and  the  latter  the  Master.  She 
sailed  from  Cleveland,  her  load  being  chiefly  immi- 
grant fauiiUes  and  their  effects.  Part  of  these  were 
landed  at  the  River  Raisin,  and  part  at  Fort  Meigs. 
Among  those  stopping  iit  the  Raisin,  were  Mr.  Mul- 
lioUand  and  family— the  same  gentleman  who  after- 
wards became  noted  as  a  hotel-keeper  at  Vienna 
(Erie)  ou  the  road  to  Monroe  from  Toledo.  On  the 
Vessel's  i-eturn,  she  took  for  cargo  ordnance  and 
military  stores  from  Fort  Meigs  to  Detroit.  Captain 
Jacob  Wilkison  continued  to  run  this  Vessel,  occa- 
sionally making  trips  to  the  Maumee,  until  Septem- 
ber, ISKi,  when  he  moved  his  family  and  made  his 
residence  at  Orleans,  a  Village  laid  out  between  Fort 
Meigs  and  the  River.  In  IHIS,  Captain  Daniel  Hub- 
bell  bought  a  controlling  interest  in  the  Sc-liooner 
Pilot,  built  at  Cleveland,  and  Daviil  took  command 
and  sailed  her  between  Fort  Meigs  and  ButFalo  during 
the  seasons  1818  and  '19.  He  continued  to  sail  up 
the  Maumee  every  season  from  181.5  until  18.50,  when 
he  retired  from  navigation,  at  that  time  being  the 
Captain  of  the  Steamboat  Superior.  Between  the 
years  1818  and  IS-S,  he  was  Master  at  different  times 
of  the  Schooners  JJlaek  Snake,  Pilot,  Saucy  Jane, 
Prudent,  Superior  and  Guerriere.  In  1828,  he  and 
John  Ilollister  built  at  Swan  Creek  (now  Toledo) 
the  Schooner  Eagle,  of  fiO  tons.  That  year  he  moved 
to  Perrysburg,  and  took  command  of  the  Schooner 
Eagle,  and  sailed  her  until  the  Steamboat  Commo- 
dore Perry  came  out  in  1835,  when  betook  command 
of  her.  The  Eagle  cost  $3,000.  During  the  seven 
years  that  he  sailed  her,  she  paid  for  herself  five 
times,  clear  of  all  expenses ;  or,  in  other  woi'ds, 
earned  for  her  owners  S15,000  of  profits.  Captain 
Wilkison  then  sold  her  in  Butlalo  for  |800.  All  the 
old  settlers  appreciate  his  high  reputation  for  practical 


skill  and  gentlemanly  deportment,  as  the  commander 
of  the  Perry.    He  honored  his  calling  in  every  respect. 

As  shown  in  the  notes  of  the  Baldwin  family, 
elsewhere  given,  the  Schooner  Leopard  (a  28- 
ton  craft),  CJaptain  John  T.  Baldwin,  was  among 
the  earliest  Vessels  trading  on  the  Maumee 
River.  Captain  Baldwin  came  liere  with  the 
Leopard  in  April,  1818,  bringing  his  family 
and  stopping  at  Orleans  or  Fort  Meigs,  and  re- 
maining until  July  following,  when  they  went 
to  Put-in  Bay,  and  thence  to  Portage  County. 

Following  is  the  list  of  Vessels  furnished  by 
Captain  Wilkison  wlioUy  from  meraoiy,  and 
will  be  found  to  contain  some  facts  given  else- 
where : 

1S12— At  Perrysbin-g;  Schr.  Miami,  25  tons  ;  Capt. 
Anderson  Martin,  for  the  Captain. 

1826 — At  Perrysburg;  Schr.  Guerriere,  50  tons  ; 
Capt.  D.  Wilkison,  for  Wilkison  and  Ilollister. 

f  828— At  Swan  Creek  ;  Schr.  Eagle,  UO  tons  ;  Capt. 
D.  Wilkison,  for  AVilkkson  and  Plollister. 

1820— At  Miami ;  Schr.  Antelope,  00  tons  ;  Capt. 
Amos  Pratt,  for  Pratt  and  Hubbell. 

1832— At  Miami;  Schr.  Maria,  100  tons;  Capt. 
Amos  Pratt,  for  Barker  and  Holt. 

1833 — At  Delaware  Flats;  Schr.  Merchant,  70 
tons ;  Capt.  Amos  Pratt,  for  Barker  and  Holt. 

1834— At  Delaware  Flats;  Schr.  Gazelle,  70  tons; 
Capt.  Amos  Pratt,  for  Barker  and  Holt. 

1834 — At  Perrysburg;  Steamboat  Conmiodore 
Perry,  350  tons ;  Capt.  D.  Wilkison,  for  Perrysburg 
Steamboat  Company. 

1835— At  Perrysburg;  Schr.  Caroline,  60  tons; 
Capt.  E.  K.  Forbes,  for  Wilki.sdn  and  Ilollister. 

1835— At  Maumee  ;  Schr.  i\laria,  SO  tons.  Capt.  C. 
V.  Jennison  .says  this  Vessel  was  built  by  Mr.  Burd- 
sill,  for Williams,  of  Maumee. 

1830 -At  Perrysburg;  Schr.  John  Hollister,  80 
tons;  for  J.  J.  Bingham  and  others. 

1836 — At  Perrysburg;  Schr.  Walter  Joy,  75  tons; 
Capt.  D.  P.  Nickerson,  for  Wilkison  and  Hollister. 

1837 — At  Perrysburg ;  Steamboat  Cien.  Wayne,  400 
tons  ;  Capt.  Amos  Pratt,  for  John  Hollister  and  others. 

1837 — At  Perrysburg;  Schr.  Favorite,  170  tons; 
Capt.  E.  K.  Forbes,  for  Wilkison  and  Forbes. 

1837 — At  Oregon;  Schr.  Oregon,  170  tons;  Capt. 
Je.sse  Bailey,  for  R.  A.  Forsyth. 

1837— At  Swan  Creek  (Toledo) ;  Schr.  Maj.  Oliver, 
170  tons;  Capt.  Chas.  G.  Keeler,  for  Toledo  Naviga- 
tion Comjiany. 

1838— At  Perrysburg  ;  Steamboat  John  Marshall, 
80  tons  ;  for  Doane  and  Earl. 

1838— At  Perrysburg  ;  Steamboat  Gov.  Vance,  100 
tons  ;    Capt.  Shibnah  Spink,  for  Hollister  &  Co. 

1838— At  Miami ;  Steamboat  Chesapeake,  350 
tons  ;  Capt.  D.  Howe,  for  Jesse  Smith  and  others. 

1839 — At  Maumee;  Steamboat  Gen.  Harrison,  250 
tons  ;  Capt.  1.  T.  Pheatt,  for  James  Walcott&  Co. 

1841— At  Toledo;  Steamboat  Indiana,  400  tons; 
Capt.  I.  T.  Pheatt,  for  Peckham  and  others. 

1843— At  Perrysburg;  Prop.  Samp.son,  250  tons; 
Capt.  Amos  Pratt,  for  John  Hollister  and  others. 


[438] 


TRE  MAUMEE  RIVER  MARINE. 


439 


1843— At  Maumee;  Steamboat  James  Wolcott, 
100  tons. 

1844— At  Perrysburg ;  Steamboat  St.  Louis,  COO 
tons;  Gapt.  O.  W.  Floyd,  for  Hollister  and  others. 

1845 — At  Perrysburg  ;  Prop.  Princeton,  /illO  tons  ; 
Capt.  Amos  Pratt,  for  Jolm  Hollister  and  others. 

1845 — At  Perrysburg  ;  Schr.  Scotland,  I'OO  tons  ; 
for  Bronson  and  Crocker,  Oswego,  N.  Y. 

1845 — At  Maumee ;  Schr.  Ireland. 

1845— At  Perrysburg;  Steamboat  Superior,  600 
tons ;  Capt.  IX  Wilkison,  for  Perrysburg  Steamboat 
Company. 

1840— At  Perrysburg;  Schr.  Robert  Hollister,  200 
tons;  Capt.  C.  G.  Keeler,  for  John  Hollister  and 
others. 

1846— At  Maumee  ;  Prop.  Globe,  300  tons ;  Capt. 
Chas.  Ludlow,  for  Geo.  Spencer  and  John  A.  Moore. 

1847— At  Perrysburg;  Schr.  St.  Marys,  180  tons; 
Capt.  C.  G.  Keeler,  for  John  Hollister  and  others. 

1847— At  Perrysburg;  Schr.  Defiance,  170  tons; 
Capt.  Wm.  Wilkison,  for  Koby  and  Thompson. 

1848— At  Perrysburg;  Steamboat  John  Hollister, 
200  tons;  Capt.  Selah  Dustin,  for  B.  F.  Hollister. 

1853 — At  Perrysburg ;  Prop.  Bucephalus,  400  tons ; 
for  Hollister  and  others. 

1853 — At  Perrysburg  ;  Schr.  Buckingham. 

1854 — At  Perrysburg  ;  Schr.  Maize,  200  tons. 

In  Aj^ril,  184C,  the  Perrysburg  Miami  of  the 
Lake  gave  what  was  supposed  to  be  a  nearly 
complete  list  of  vessels  built  on  the  Maumee 
River  up  to  that  date.  The  facilities  of  the 
editor  were  presumed  to  have  been  good  for 
arriving  at  the  facts.  He  stated  that  the  first 
Vessel  built  in  that  locality  was  the  Sloop 
Miami,  in  1810,  at  Perrj'sburg,  by  Captain 
Anderson  Martin,  who  built  the  Schooner  Chip- 
pewa, at  Clii])pewa,the  Spring  previous.  Both 
these  Vessels  were  captured  by  the  British 
during  the  War  of  1812-15,  and  both  subse- 
quently, at  the  battle  of  Lake  Erie,  recaptured 
by  Perry,  and  piloted  by  Captain  Martin,  with 
cargoes  of  American  soldiers,  to  the  mouth  of 
the  Piver  Thames,  Canada. 

Following  is  the  list  of  Vessels  given  hy  the 
Perrysburg  paper.  It  will  be  seen  to  contain 
some  crafts  not  already  mentioned  : 

SCnOONEHS. 


STEAMBOATS. 


l^amc. 

Whni 
Bum. 

Where  Biiili. 

Tons. 

H  here  Owned. 

Miami 

1810 

Perrysburg 

25 

Detroit 

Guerriere 

1827 

Swan  Creek 

75 

Perrysburg 

Eagle 

1827 

Perrysburg 

130 

Perrysburg 

Antelope 

1828 

Perrysburg 

75 

Perrysburg 

Michigan 

1832 

Perrysburg 

l.SO   Perrysburg 

Merchant 

1834 

Maumee 

75  'Maumee 

AV'alter  Jov--. 

1S35 

Perrysburg 

130  iBuflalo 

Caroline.- 

1835 

Perrysburg 

50   Perrysburg 

Gazelle 

1835 

Perrysburg 

75    Perrysburg 

John  Hollister 

1835 

Perrysburg 

130    Perrysburg 

Tippecanoe... 

1836 

Maumee 

50    Maumee 

Maria 

1836 

Maumee 

100    Maumee 

Favorite 

1837 

Perrysburg 

150 

Perrysburg 

Maj.  Oliver 

1837 

Toledo 

150 

Toledo 

Ottawa 

1837 

Oregon 

130 

Maumee 

Chippewa 

1,S37 

Maumee 

25 

Maumee 

Tom  Corwin._ 

1840 

^Maumee 

25 

ilaumee 

1844 
1845 

Maumee 
Perrysburg 

120  iMaumee 

Scotland 

100 

Os\vego 

Ireland 

1846 

Maumee 

100 

Oswego 

Navte. 

When 
BniU. 

Wlwre  Bum. 

Tniui. 

Where  Owned. 

Detroit 

1833 

Toledo 

200 

Cleveland 

C^om.  Perry 

1835 

Perrysburg 

350 

Perrysburg 

Gen.  Wayne.. 

1837 

Perrysburg 

390 

Perrysburg 

John  Marshal- 

1837 

Perrysburg 

35 

Perrysburg 

Gen.  Vance 

1838 

Perrysburg 

50 

Perrysburg 

Chesa  ^eake .  . 

1838 

Maumee 

412 

Maumee 

Gen.  Harrison 

1840 

Maumee 

326 

Maumee 

Indiana 

1840 

Toledo 

5.")0 

Toledo 

St.  Louis 

1844 

IVrrysliurg 

(US 

Perrysburg 

Superior 

1845 

Perrysburg 

.567 

Perrysbuig 

Troy 

1845 

Maumee 

547 

Maumee 

J.  Wolcott 

1843 

Maumee 

80 

Maumee 

PROPELLEliS. 


Nmne. 

M'hcH 
Bum. 

Where  BuM. 

Tons. 

Where  Owned. 

Sampson 

Princeton 

1843 
1845 
1845 

Perrysburg 
Perrysburg 
Maumee 

250 
400 
300 

Perrysburg 
Perrysburg 
Perrysburg 

The  Custom  House  at  Maumee  City  (District 
of  Miami)  was  opened  in  1818.  The  record 
of  the  earlier  Vessels  taking  out  jiapers  is  given 
as  follows : 

The  first  was  the  Schooner  Black  Snake,  23  tons, 
Capt.  Jacob  Wilkison  ;  and  the  next  the  Schooner 
Sally,  7  tons,  Capt.  Wm.  Pratt.  In  1819,  the  Saucy 
Jane,  15  tons.  Capt.  Jacob  Wilkison;  the  Walt<'r,  fil 
tons,  Capt.  Amos  S.  Heed  ;  and  the  Leopard,  18  tons. 
Capt.  John  Baldwin.  In  1823  was  entered  the  Hap|)y 
Return,  Capt.  John  Baldwin,  12  tons,  and  tlie 
Wapoghkonnetta.  Capt.  Isaac  Richardson,  same  ton- 
nage. In  1824,  the  Vermillion,  34  tons,  Capt.  John 
Baldwin,  and  the  Packet  of  Miami,  Capt.  Almon 
Reed,  15  tons.  In  1825,  the  Lady  Washington,  Capt. 
A.  Reed,  40  tons,  and  the  Guerriere.  Capt.  David 
AVilkison,  41  tons.  In  1820,  tlie  Fire  Fly,  Capt. 
Luther  Harvey,  23  tons.  In  1828,  the  Eagle,  Capt. 
David  Wilkison,  49  tons.  In  1830,  the  Essex,  Capt. 
Henry  Brooks,  30  tons.  In  1831,  the  Independence, 
Capt.  James  Foster,  26  tons.  In  1832,  the  Micliigan, 
Capt.  Amos  Pratt,  108  tons.  In  1834,  the  Merchant, 
Capt.  A.  Pratt,  74  tons.  May,  1835,  the  Steandjoat 
Com.  Perry,  owned  by  the  Perrysburg  SteandMat 
Company,  and  commanded  by  Capt.  D.  W'ilkison, 
3.50  tons  ;  and  the  Schr.  Caroline,  Capt.  William  O. 
Marsh,  42  tons.  In  1836,  the  Schr.  Gazelle,  Capt. 
Anson  Reed  ;  the  Walter  Joy,  Capt.  D.  P.  Dickinson, 
124  tons;  the  John  Hollister,  Capt.  Justice  Bailey,  86 
tons;  and  the  Steamboats  Oliver  Newbery  and  An- 
drew Jackson — both  built  at  Detroit  and  purchased 
for  the  Maumee  River  trade. 

While  the  records  furnished  from  these 
different  sources  are  not  in  all  respects  con- 
sistent with  each  other,  it  is  believed  that  with 
them  the  material  facts  may  easily  be  reached. 
They  are  all  given  here,  as  better  than  to  un- 
dertake to  decide  which  is  or  is  not  coi-rect  in 
the  few  instances  in  which  they  maj'  fail  to 
agree. 

Before  the  opening  of  the  Wabash  and  Erie 
Canal,  combined  facilities  of  water  and  stages 
were  employed  in  communication   with    Fort 


440 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Wayne,  Indiana,  and  other  points  up  the  Mau- 
mee.  In  June,  1837,  appeared  the  announce- 
ment, that  the  Steamboat  Gen.  AVayne,  Capt. 
H.  C.  Williams,  would  "  leave  the  head  of  the 
Rapids  every  day  at  1  p.  m.  for  the  foot  of  Flat 
Rock,  whore  tliere  would  be  coaches  and  teams 
to  convey  passengers  and  freight  to  Defiance." 
Passenger.s  leaving  Maumee  City  and  Perrys- 
burg  in  the  morning,  arrived  at  Defiance  same 
day.  Returning,  left  Defiance  at  (3  A.  m.,  and 
reached  the  head  of  the  Rapids  at  12  Ji.,  where 
coaclies  were  ready  for  Maumee  and  Perrys- 
burg.  Also,  "  a  Barge  fitted  up  for  passengers 
or  freight,'"  left  Defiance  every  Friday  for  Fort 
Wayne,  running  through  in  three  days.  Dur- 
ing high  water,  the  Steamboat  ran  between  the 
head  of  the  Eapids  and  Fort  Wayne.  The 
agents  of  the  line  were  O.  H.  Harris,  Provi- 
dence ;  G.  C.  Mudgett  &  Co.,  Brunersburg;  and 
White  &  Kirtlaud  and  S.  A.  &  J.  H.  Sargent, 
Maumee  City.  Beside  this  Steamboat  route, 
was  a  daily  through  Stage  line  between  Mau- 
mee City  and  Defiance.  The  mail  passed  twice 
a  week. 

Tlie  following  were  among  the  crafts  navi- 
gating Lake  Erie  and  doing  business  with  the 
Maumee  River  in  April,  1822,  whose  interme- 
diate points,  between  Buffalo  and  Detroit,  were 
Erie,  Cleveland,  Sandusky  and  Miami  (Mau- 
mee City),  to  wit : 

Schooners — The  Wii.sp,  Captains  Thos.  Goodwin 
and  Harry  Haskins ;  the  Sylph,  Capt.  Horatio  G. 
Haskins  ;  the  Red  Jacket,  Capt.  Augustus  Walker; 
the  Erie,  Capt.  Wm.  T.  Pease  ;  the  Ann,  Capt. 
Augustus  Jones  ;  and  the  Pontiac,  Capt.  Seth  Reed. 
Sloop — Happy  Return,  Capt.  John  Costello.  Brig — 
t'nion,  Capt.  Harpin  Johnson.  Subsequently  ap- 
peared the  Schooner  Farmer,  of  Painesville,  Capt. 
Ben.  A.  Napier  ;  the  Schr.  Dread,  launched  at  Huron, 
Ohio,  April  29,  182L',  Capt.  Sam.  Nichols;  the  Schr. 
Michigan,  Capt.  Walter  Norton ;  the  Schr.  Vienna, 
Capt.  Luther  Chapin  ;  the  Schr.  I.ake  Serpent,  Capt. 
John  Burtis;  the  Schr.  Diligence,  Capt.  .Anderson 
Martin  ;  the  Schr.  Beaver,  Capt.  John  F.  Wight ;  and 
the  Sloop  Ohio,  Capt.  Moses  McSwainey.  Several  of 
these  Vessels  were  confined  in  their  traffic  to  the 
West  end  of  the  Lake. 

Beside  those  here  named,  was  the  "  New 
Team  or  Horse-Boat,  called  the  Car  of  San- 
dusky, whereof  Thomas  L.  Hawkins  was 
Master,"  which  made  its  first  trip  from  Lower 
Sandusky  (Fremont),  where  it  was  built,  to 
Sandusky  City,  May  G,  1822,  with  a  cargo  of 
"  tobacco,  fish  and  passengers."  June  7th,  this 
craft  was  reported  as  "  the  Horse-Boat  Pegasus 
of  Lower  Sandusky,  Capt.  Elisha  W.  How'land, 
laden  with  skins  and  pork."  Subsecjuently, 
Morris  Tyler  (afterwards  a  prominent  Lake 
commander)  was  Captain  of  the  Pegasus. 

The  "quickest  passage"  made  by  any  sail 
vessel  between  Buffalo  and  Sandusky"  (250 
miles)  up  to  October  3,  1822,  was  that  of  the 
Schooner  Huron,  Capt.  Judah  W.  Eansora,  in 
34  hours.  The  Schooner  Erie,  Capt.  Pease, 
soon  thereafter  made  the  same  passage  in  28 
hours. 


In  1824,  the  following  additional  Vessels 
were  in  commission  in  this  region  :  The  Schr. 
Sir  Henry,  Capt.  Ezra  Wells;  the  Schr.  Mi- 
nerva, Capt.  Belden  ;  the  Tiger,  Capt.  John 
Fleeharty ;  the  Lady  Washington,  Capt.  Mar- 
tin ;  the  Gen.  Scott,  Capt.  Lockwood  ;  the  Good 
Intent,  Capt.  Talbot;  and  the  Pox,  Capt.  Green. 

Announcement  of  the  first  Steamboat  plying 
exclusively  between  the  Towns  on  the  Maumee 
River,  was  made  in  the  Toledo  Blade  of  April 
25,  1838,  as  follows: 

THE    STEAMBOAT    SCK, 

C.  K.  Bennett,  Master. 

WILL  make  her  trips  this  Season  as  follows;    Will  leave 
Manhattan  every  morning  at  7  o'clock ;  Toledo  at  8  : 
Manmee  City  and   Perrysbnrg  at  half-past  10;  Toledo  at  2  p.  M., 
and  Maumee  and  Perrysbnrg  at  5  o'clock,  and  arrive  at   Man- 
hattan at  7  P.  M  . 
April  25,  1S38. 

As  seen,  the  time  for  the  Sun  between  Toledo 
and  Maumee  was  two  hours,  making  the  rate 
of  speed  about  five  miles  per  hour.  The  Boat 
was  the  property  of  Henry  Bennett,  its  com- 
mander being  Calvin  K.  Bennett,  a  brother  of 
the  owner,  both  then  of  Perrysburg.  They 
subsequently  removed  to  Toledo,  where  Mr. 
Henry  Bennett  died  during  the  present  year 
(1887),  Mr.  C.  K.  Bennett  still  residing  there. 
The  enterprise  of  running  a  Boat  exclusively 
for  local  business,  was  a  hazardous  one  49  years 
ago,  as  the  Messrs.  Bennett  found  it  to  be.  It 
was  undertaken  when  the  general  business 
stagnation  con.sequeut  on  the  financial  collapse 
of  1837  had  fairly  taken  effect — a  state  of  pros- 
tration not  equaled  by  anj'thing  experienced 
in  this  country  since  that  time.  The  Sun's 
trade  was  almost  wholly  made  up  of  small 
items,  chiefly  for  pa.s.sage  between  the  young 
and  struggling  Towns  touched  on  the  route. 
Silver  change  had  almost  wholly  disappeared, 
leaving  little  but  here  and  there  a  "  six-pence  " 
(6^  cents),  "shillings"  (12-|  cents),  and 
"eighteen  jjenee  "  pieces  (18f  cents),  with  a 
few  coins  of  English  money,  passing  for  25 
cents.  The  consequence  was,  that  Captain 
Bennett  found  himself  most  seriously  embar- 
rassed by  a  lack  of  change,  and  was  driven 
to  seek  relief  This  he  did,  by  having  printed 
due  bills  of  small  amounts,  which,  in  common 
with  like  currericj'  then  in  use  throughout  the 
West,  especially,  came  to  be  known  as  "  Shin 
Plasters."  Why  they  were  given  such  name, 
is  not  definitely  settled.  They  were  found, 
when  issued  by  responsible  parties,  to  be  a  re- 
lief to  trade.  So  Captain  Bennett  found  them. 
Redeemable  by  him  in  sums  of  Sl.OtI  or  more, 
they  at  once  entered  into  general  use  on  the 
Eiver  and  were  a  material  benefit  to  trade. 
They  were  all  redeemed  upon  presentation,  a 
fact  which  could  be  truthfully  stated  of  but 
comparatively  small  portion  of  the  "  currency  " 
of  that  time. 

In  Maj-,  1838,  the  Steamboat  Andrew  Jack- 
son, Shibnah  Spink,  Master,  commenced  run- 
ning   between    Perrysburg    and    Manhattan, 


THE  MAUMEE  RIVER  MARINE. 


441 


touching  at  Maumee,  Oregon,  and  Upper  and 
Lower  Toledo,  making  two  trips  daily.  Cap- 
tain Spink  survived  the  intervening  47  years, 
and  (lied  at  Perrysburg  in  1885. 

Under  the  head,  '•  Season  Arrangements,"  a 
"  Daily  Line  of  Steamboats  from  Detroit  to 
Perrysburg  and  Maumee,"  was  advertised  in 
March,  1839,  the  line  consisting  of  the  Oliver 
Nevvberrv  and  Erie,  and  making  stops  at 
Toledo,  Manhattan,  Monroe,  Brest,  Maiden  and 
Gibraltar.     They  le(t  Perrysburg  at  7:30  a.  m., 


and  arrived  at  Detroit  at  4  p.  m.,  and  making 
like  time  on  tiieir  return.  The  Agent  for  the 
line  at  Maumee  was  Denison  B.  Smith,  now 
of  Toledo. 

Steamers  continued  in  the  local  trade  of  the 
River  without  interruption  for  some  43  years, 
and  until  the  competition  of  three  Railroads 
(the  Dayton  and  Michigan,  the  Wabash  and 
the  Narrow  Gauge)  became  too  strong  for  them, 
and  they  were  compelled  to  yield  the  field  so 
long  held  by  them. 


99 


k 


CHAPTEE    yil. 


MARINE    INCIDENTS. 


THE  unwritten  history  of  all  settlements 
which  came  to  permanent  communities, 
is  rife  with  incidents  involving  experience  of 
various  kinds,  which,  when  set  forth  in  words, 
are  invested  with  deep  interest.  Volumes  in 
space  have  been  devoted  to  such  narration. 
The  Maumee  Valley  is  not  an  exception  to  this 
rule.  The  memories  of  the  pioneers  were  ever 
stocked  with  material  of  engrossing  interest, 
but  a  small  portion  of  which  was  ever  made 
available  to  following  generations.  Here  and 
there  partial  record  was  made,  but  the  mass  has 
passed  away  with  the  store-house  of  memory, 
the  only  receptacle  which  ever  contained  them. 

Among  the  incidents  of  local  interest  perti- 
nent here,  is  one  occurring  in  September,  1822. 
At  that  time  Major  Coleman  I.  Keeler  (one  of 
the  most  prominent  of  the  earlier  settlers  in 
Port  Lawrence  Township),  with  his  daughter 
Grace,  aged  IG,  took  passage  from  Sandusky 
by  the  Schooner  Eclipse,  Captain  Jones,  bound 
for  Detroit.  By  request,  they  were  put  ashore 
on  Middle  Bass  Island,  to  take  a  small  boat  for 
home.  Having  engaged  Captain  Anderson 
Martin  and  his  son,  with  a  small  craft,  for  such 
purpose,  they  started  for  the  Maumee  Eiver. 
When  some  20  miles  out,  they  were  overtaken 
by  one  of  the  most  furious  storms  then  known 
on  the  Lake ;  but  fortunately  they  made  West 
Sister  Island,  where  they  succeeded  in  landing. 
While  themselves  safe,  their  little  vessel  soon 
went  to  pieces,  leaving  them  on  an  uninhabited 
Island,  without  food,  the  means  of  obtaining 
such,  or  the  means  for  getting  away.  Daj^ 
after  day  of  fasting  brought  them  to  the  dire 
necessity  of  seeking  continued  life  bj-  eating 
snails  and  snakes.  Providentially,  they  had 
an  old  axe,  with  which  the  men  sat  to  work  to 
dig  out  the  trunk  of  a  bass-wood  tree,  barely 
large  enough  to  carry  Captain  Martin  and  his 
son,  who  set  out  therein  for  Middle  Bass  Island, 
which  they  fortunately  reached  in  safety.  At 
once,  with  a  sail-boat,  they  started  for  the  re- 
lief of  Major  Keeler  and  daughter,  who  were 
found  still  alive,  but  greatly  emaciated  from 
hunger,  having  for  six  days  subsisted  wholly 
on  snakes  and  snails  which  they  were  fortunate 
enough  to  gather  on  the  Island.  A  safe  passage 
was  given  them  to  their  home,  where  they  soon 
recovered  from  the  terrible  effects  of  their  ex- 
traordinary experience. 

Major  Keeler  lived  many  j-ears  after  the 
incident  here  narrated.  The  daughter.  Miss 
Grace,  who  shared  with  him  the  trials  of  shij)- 
wreck   and  impending  starvation,  was  subse- 


quently married  with  William  HoUister,  who, 
with  his  brother  John,  came  to  the  Maumee 
Valley  in  1816,  settling  at  Perrysburg  at  the 
very  outset  of  that  Town.  He  was  engaged  in 
trade,  chiefly  with  the  Indians,  which  was 
profitable.  Subsequentlj'  he  went  to  Buffalo, 
N.  Y.,  where  he  was  for  some  j-ears  in  active 
business,  and  died  of  apoplexy.  May  25,  1848. 
After  his  death,  Mrs.  HoUister  became  the  wife 

of  Mr. Greene,  a  lawj-er  in  New  York,  and 

died  about  1873. 

The  first  .serious  Lake  disaster  in  this  region 
was  the  loss  of  the  Schooner  Syl))h,  Captain 
Harry  Haskin,  in  Maj',  1824.  She  sailed  fi-om 
Sandusky  about  noon  of  May  12th  for  Detroit, 
with  two  barrels  of  whisky,  a  few  wooden 
dishes,  and  three  passengers,  beside  the  Cap- 
tain's brother,  Charles  Haskin.  A  severe 
storm  from  the  Northwest  arose  in  the  after- 
noon. Nothing  was  heard  of  the  vessel  until 
the  14th,  when  two  men  reached  Sandusky  in 
a  skiff,  with  the  intelligence  that  the  Sylph  had 
been  wrecked  on  North  Bass  Island,  and  all  on 
board  lost.  The  bodies  of  four  persons  had 
been  found  and  buried,  viz.:  Harry  and  Charles 
Haskin  ;  a  man  supposed  to  be  a  Mr.  Eoberts, 
of  Florence,  Huron  (now  Brie)  County,  the 
owner  of  the  wooden  ware  ;  and  a  small  child 
of  a  Mrs.  Hunter,  who  went  on  board  at  San- 
dusky. The  bodies  of  the  Haskins  were  taken 
to  Sandusky  and  buried.  Harry  was  23,  and 
Charles  17  years  old — both  promising  young- 
men.  The  wreck  was  subsequently  found  by 
the  family  of  Mr.  Martin,  a  resident  of  North 
Bass  Island,  the  morning  after  the  vessel  left 
Sandusky.  The  bod}-  of  3Irs.  Hunter  was  not 
found. 

May  1 ,  1826,  the  Canadian  Schooner  Surprise, 
Cajitain  McCall,  found  the  Schooner  Morning 
Star,  of  Sandusk_y  (whence  she  sailed  April  22d 
for  the  Maumee  Eiver),  floating  near  the  Cana- 
dian shore,  with  nobodj'  on  board.  The  Vessel 
cleared  from  Maumee  for  Sandusky  April  28th, 
having  on  board  Captain  John  Costello,  Thos. 
Goodwin  and  John  Furnay,  of  Sandusky,  a  boy 
named  Webber,  and  a  woman.  That  night  she 
was  wrecked  on  a  reef  of  rocks  near  Middle 
Bass  Island,  and  was  abandoned.  Captain  Cos- 
tello and  Goodwin  returned  in  a  boat  to  the 
wreck,  but  it  was  gone  and  adrift.  They  at- 
tempted to  reach  it,  and  were  never  again  heard 
from.  Both  left  families.  Furnay,  the  woman 
and  the  bo}-  were  without  shelter  or  food,  ex- 
cept the  leeks  and  roots  they  dug,  for  six 
days,  when  Caj^tain  David  Wilkison,  with  the 


[442] 


MARINE  INCIDENTS. 


443 


Schooner  Gnerriere,  found  and  rescued  them 
from  death,  he  liaving  sought  shelter  under  the 
Ishiiid. 

The  first  case  of  collision  of  Steamboats  on 
the  Lakes  occurred  between  the  Niagara,  Cap- 
tain W.  T.  Pease,  aud  the  Pioneer,  Captain 
Geo.  Miles,  on  the  night  of  October  31,  1826, 
near  Grand  River,  LaUe  Erie,  when  they  met 
while  under  full  headwaj'.  The  Pioneer  was 
somewhat  injured. 

The  Schooner  Guerrierc,  Captain  R.  Pember, 
then  belonging  to  John  Hollister,  Perrysburg, 
was  wrecked  near  Middle  Sister  Island,  May 
29,  1832.  A  passenger  lost  his  wife  and  four 
children. 

Among  the  disastrous  calamities  occurring 
on  Lake  Erie  was  the  burning  of  the  steamer 
G.  P.  Griffith,  on  the  night  of  the  17th  of  June, 


1850,  a  short  distance  from  Chagrin  River,  and 
two  or  three  miles  from  Fairport,  Ohio.  She 
was  on  her  waj'  up  the  Lake  from  Buffalo,  with 
25tj  deck  or  steerage  and  40  to  45  cabin  passen- 
gers, and  a  crew  of  about  30,  making  a  total  of 
about  330  persons  on  board.  Of  the  passengers 
only  about  40  were  saved,  with  not  a  woman 
among  them.  Included  with  the  lost  were 
Captain  C.  C.  Roby,  his  wife,  his  wife's  mother 
and  two  children,  of  Perrysburg;  H.  Palmer, 
telegraph  operator  at  Toledo  ;  Alice  Champion, 
Toledo,  and  Richard  Mann,  wheelsman,  San- 
dusk\-.  D.  R.  Stebbins,  engineer  and  part 
owner,  was  among  the  saved,  as  was  a  Mr. 
Hinckley,  of  Huron,  Ohio.  Mr.  Stebbins  then 
resided  at  Maumee  Cil}',  and  subsequently  lived 
for  many  years  at  Toledo,  where  he  died  several 
years  since. 


CHAPTER    VIII. 


Toledo's  canals. — the  miami  and  eeie,  and  the  wabash  and  ekie. 


IT  is  difficult  to  determine  to  which  of  the 
two  great  agencies  of  transportation — water 
and  rail — Toledo  is  most  indebted  for  her  ex- 
cejitional  growth  in  trade,  population  and 
other  elements  of  advancement.  Without 
doubt,  the  first  improvement  which  materially 
operated  in  shaping  and  fixing  her  future,  was 
the  rude  and  imperfect  Eailwaj',  which  sup- 
plied tlie  first  connection  and  channel  for 
trade  between  her  and  the  interior.  Small  as 
that  beginning  really  appears  in  the  presence 
of  the  vvouderfiil  advance  since  made  in  like 
improvements,  its  potency  for  Toledo's  pros- 
perity could  hardly  be  overestimated,  since 
through  its  agency  the  trade  of  the  richest 
and  best  improved  portions  of  Michigan  was 
at  once  secured,  despite  the  prejudice  engen- 
dered by  the  bitter  question  of  boundarj^  and 
the  no  less  bitter  jealousy  and  competition  of 
the  rival  City  of  Monroe.  The  effectiveness 
of  such  support  to  Toledo  is  clearly  seen  in 
the  iact,  that  to  all  such  adverse  feeling,  was 
added  the  completion  of  a  Railway  furnished 
by  the  State  of  Michigan  for  the  avowed  pur- 
pose of  diverting  to  points  within  its  limits  the 
trade  which  the  once  despised  Erie  and  Kala- 
mazoo Road  was  attracting  to  Toledo. 

And  yet,  back  even  of  that  little  Railway, 
and  as  the  chief  incentive  to  its  construction, 
stood  Toledo's  water  connections — existing  and 
prospective.  From  the  first,  the  map  of  the 
Western  country  and  the  position  of  Toledo 
thereon,  constituted  the  latter's  chief  strength  — 
it  being  conceded  that  she  held  the  key  to  the 
traffic  of  the  Maumee  River,  which  question,  for 
a  time  stoutly  disputed,  was  ere  long  clearly 
settled  in  her  behalf  It  was  Toledo's  advan- 
tages with  reference  to  an  Eastern  outlet  for 
trade,  that  constituted  the  chief  attractions  for 
the  trade  seeking  such  outlet.  The  Erie  and 
Kalamazoo  Railway,  first,  and  the  Canals  next, 
alike  had  their  source  in  the  great  course  for 
trade  supplied  by  Lake  Erie  and  the  Erie 
Canal.  At  the  earliest  stage  of  Western 
settlement,  an  intelligent  person  could  not 
survey  Toledo's  position  at  the  Western  ex- 
tremity of  Lake  Erie,  consider  the  vast  terri- 
tory naturally  tributary  to  her,  and  fail  to  be 
impressed  with  a  sense  of  what  nature  had 
done  for  her.  To  such  view  was  Toledo  in- 
debted forthe  great  Canal  improvements  which 
so  soon  followed  her  pioneer  Railway. 
_  Anything  like  a  full  history  of  the  construc- 
tion of  the  Canals  which  constitute  so  impor- 
tant a  part  of  Toledo's    material  growth    and 


prosperity,  would  be  excluded  here  from  lack 
of  space.  Hence,  only  brief  statements  of 
facts  can  be  given.  This  course  is  in  a  meas- 
ure made  proper  bj-  the  fact,  that  the  brief 
historical  sketch  of  Ohio,  in  this  volume,  in- 
cludes a  statement  as  to  the  origin  and  con- 
struction of  the  several  Canals  in  the  State. 

The  question  of  the  first  suggestion  of 
Canal  connection  of  Lake  Erie  and  the  Wabash 
River,  has  been  discussed  at  different  times, 
with  different  claimants  for  the  distinction. 
In  1817,  the  idea  of  the  Canal  is  said  to  have 
been  suggested,  and  steps  taken  in  Indiana 
toward  its  construction.  A  book  entitled  "A 
History  of  the  Late  War  in  the  Western 
Country,"  and  published  in  1816,  in  a  chapter 
on  Port  Wayne,  said  ; 

The  Miami  is  navigable  for  boats  from  this  place 
to  the  Lake,  and  the  portage  to  the  nearest  navigable 
branch  of  the  Wabash  is  but  7  or  8  miles,  through  a 
low  marshy  prairie,  from  which  the  water  runs  both 
to  the  Wabash  and  the  St.  Mary's.  A  t'anal,  at  some 
future  day,  will  unite  these  Rivers,  and  thus  render  a 
Town  at  Fort  Wayne,  as  formerly,  the  jnost  consider- 
able place  in  that  country. 

In  a  letter  to  the  Western  Emigration  Soci- 
etj",  and  said  to  have  been  written  in  1817,  and 
published  in  the  Western  Spy  (Cincinnati),  in 
1818,  Maj.  Benj.  F.  Stickney,  then  acting  as 
Indian  Agent  at  Fort  Wayne,  made  this  refer- 
ence to  the  same  subject ; 

The  Miami  River  of  the  Lake  is  formed  by  a  junc- 
tion of  St.  Mary's  and  St.  Joseph's  Rivers  at  Fort 
Wayne  ;  pursues  a  general  course  Northeast,  with 
its  meanderings  about  170  miles,  discharging  into 
Maumee  Bay.  This  River  is  navigable  for  vessels 
drawing  .5  to  6  feet  of  water  to  Fort  Meigs.  16  miles 
from  its  mouth,  and  for  smaller  craft  to  its  head. 
Although  it  is  not  large,  yet,  in  connection  with  the 
Wabash,  the  importance  of  its  navigation  will  not  be 
exceeded  by  any  discharging  into  the  Northern 
Lakes  or  the  Ohio  River.  The  Wabash  pursues  a 
diametrically  opposite  course  to  its  junction  with 
the  Ohio.  At  the  highest  waters  of  those  Rivers, 
their  waters  are  united  at  the  dividing  ridge,  and 
you  may  pass  with  craft  from  one  river  to  the  other. 
There  is  a  wet  prairie  or  swamp,  covered  with  grass, 
that  extends  from  the  headwaters  of  the  Wabash  to 
the  St.  JVIary's,  and  discharges  its  water  into  both 
Rivers  about  7  miles  from  one  to  the  other.  At  low 
water  this  swamp  is  6  to  10  feet  above  the  water  in 
the  Rivers.  It  is  composed  of  soft  mud  that  can  be 
penetrated  20  feet  with  a  pole.  Of  course,  it  would 
be  a  small  expense  of  labor  to  connect  the  waters  of 
these  two  Rivers  by  a  Canal  that  would  be  passable 
at  the  lowest  water.  Those  Rivers  will  be  the  great 
thoroughfare  between  the  Lakes  and  the  Mississippi ; 
and,  of  course,  will  constitute  an  uninterrupted  navi- 
gation fron  the  Bay  of  St.  Lawrence  to  the  Gulf  of  Mex- 
ico, except  the  short  portage  at  the  Falls  of  Niagara. 


[444] 


CANALS. 


445 


It  is  claimed  for  Captain  James  Eiley,  that 
he  was  among  the  very  first,  though  probably 
not  the  first,  to  jDoiut  out  the  importance  and 
feasibility  of  the  connection  of  the  navigable 
waters  of  the  Wabash  and  Manmee  Eivers  by 
means  of  a  Canal.  That  gentleman  will  be 
remembered  by  many  readers  as  the  celebrated 
traveler  among  the  Arabs  ofBarbary,  Northern 
Africa,  whose  "Narratives"  of  his  operations 
aud  experiences  in  that  region  about  181U, 
were  extensively  read  upon  their  publication 
in  1836.  Returning  to  this  countrj-,  he  came 
to  the  West  in  182(1,  in  the  capacity-  of  United 
States  Surveyor  of  Lands.  Hetlien  purcliased 
seven  tracts  of  land  at  the  Rapids  of  St. 
Mary's  River, called  the  -'Devil's  Race  Ground," 
adjoining  the  Indiana  line  In  a  letter  of 
November  24,  1819,  Capt.  Riley  said  : 

In  high  stages  of  water  a  portage  of  only  (i  miles 
carries  merchandi.se  fnim  the  head  of  the  Maumee 
into  navigable  watfis  of  the  Wabash  (and  rice  versa) 
from  whence,  floating  with  the  current,  it  may  go 
either  to  supph'  the  wants  of  the  interior  country  or 
proceed  South  "to  New  Orleans,  or  North  to  Lake  Erie. 
The  Little  Wabash  rises  in  a  swamp,  which  might 
supply  water  sutlicient  for  jnirpose  of  Canal  naviga- 
gation. 

Writing  from  Fort  Wayne  November  20, 
1820,  to  Edward  Tiffin,  Survej'or  General, 
Caj)t.  Riley  said  : 

Having  my  chain,  compass  and  level  with  me,  I 
went  yesterday  towards  tlie  Southwest  about  IJ^' 
miles  to  the  St.  Mary's,  crossed  that  stream  and 
measured  the  distance  from  that  River  to  Little 
River— a  branch  of  the  Wabash — and  navigable  in 
times  of  high  water  (without  improvement).  The 
distance  is  not  quite  seven  miles,  is  a  perfect  level, 
and  then  its  descent  to  the  portage  or  navigable 
point  of  Little  River  is  about  3  feet,  and  the  course 
is  South  50'  West.  From  the  summit  level  to  the  St. 
Mary's,  is  a  fall  of  about  20  feet.  Two  locks  would 
therefore  be  sufficient,  and  the  whole  expense  of  a 
Canal  uniting  the  Northern  Lakes  with  the  Missi.s- 
sippi  and  Missouri  Rivers,  at  this  point  would  not  be 
beyond  the  means  of  a  few  individuals  of  enterprise 
and  ordinary  capital. 

As  already  stated,  the  matter  of  Canal  con- 
struction and  location,  was  prominent  in  the 
Ohio-Michigan  boundary  question,  and  was 
materially  delayed  by  that  dispute.  Different 
plans,  meantime,  were  under  discussion.  In 
tiie  case  of  the  Wabash  Canal,  it  was  proposed 
in  1834,  to  employ  slack-water  tor  navigation, 
by  so  improving  the  Maumee  River  with  dams 
and  locks,  as  to  make  it  navigable  for  steam- 
boats from  the  Bay  to  Defiance  and  for  Canal- 
boats  thence  to  Fort  Wayne.  The  compara- 
tive advantages  of  horse  and  steam  power  for 
towing  Boats  was  then  discussed.  It  was  sug- 
gested that  "  a  Steamboat  could  tow  two  Canal- 
Boats  with  their  horses  on  board  from  Defiance 
to  the  head  of  the  Rapids  (32  miles)  cheaper 
than  horses  could  tow  them  on  a  forty -feet 
wide  Canal." 


The  boundary  question  settled,  the  work  of 
Canal  construction  was  at  once  entered  upon 
with  vigor.  In  May,  1837,  contracts  were  let 
for  the  portion  between  Manhattan  (below 
Toledo)  and  the  head  of  the  Rapids  of  the 
Maumee  River  (now  Grand  Rapids),  to  the 
following  named  contractors : 

E.  S.  Dodd  &  Co.,  Thos.  Carr,  P.  Gamon,  Grif- 
fith, McElvaine  ct  Co.,  F.  D.  Cochran,  James  M. 
Spafibrd,  Hiram  Steele,  A.  Shepler,  D.  C.  Doane, 
Jones  &  Barker,  A.  B.  &  H.  Barker  &  Co.,  B.  Kem- 
per. McBride,  Camp  &  Co.,  S.  Searing,  Jesse  Vincent, 
and  Myers  &  Yates. 

In  this  connection  it  may  be  proper  to  state,  that 
the  matter  of  "  prohibition  "  as  to  the  use  of  intoxi- 
cating liquors,  became  a  practical  question  with 
contractors  on  the  Canal.  This  was  specially  so 
with  those  on  the  sections  "in  rear  of  the  Town," 
(now  between  the  Court  House  and  the  High  School 
building)  who  issued  the  order  that  no  man  in  the 
use  of  liquors  should  have  employment  at  their 
hands.  The  result  was,  thatwdiile  the  men  on  other 
jobs  where  liquors  were  used,  suffered  much  from 
sickness,  those  above  named  were  almost  wholly 
without  such  experience. 

During  the  construction  of  the  Re-servoir  in 
Paulding  County,  about  184'_',  a  different  policy  was 
adopted.  What  were  termed  "jiggers,"  were  dealt 
out  to  laborers  before  each  meal.  The  men  pa.ssed 
under  a  rope,  one  at  a  time,  and  received  12  ounces 
of  whisky  each.  At  about  9:30  a.  m.,  and  4:30  p.  M., 
like  supplies  were  taken  to  the  men  at  their  work. 
Such  wei-e  deemed  necessary  from  the  character  of  the 
water  there  used. 

While  the  matter  of  the  terminus  of  the 
Canal  was  under  consideration  by  the  State 
authorities,  the  point  most  important  lay  be- 
tween what  were  known  as  "High  Level"  and 
"  Low  Level."  The  local  bearing  of  this  ques- 
tion is  explained  in  the  fact,  than  the  plan  of 
High  Level  consisted  in  continuing  the  Canal 
from  the  head  of  the  Rapids  of  the  MaumeeRiver 
to  Toledo,  on  the  West  bank,  and  entering  the 
River  at  that  point ;  while  the  other  jn-oposi- 
tion  was  to  terminate  the  Canal  by  locking 
into  the  River  at  Maumee.  The  issue  thus 
raised  between  Toledo  and  Maumee  and  Perrys- 
burg,  enlisted  the  deepest  interest  of  these 
Towns.  Toledo  claimed,  that  the  extension  to 
that  place  was  absolutely  necessai-y  to  the  suc- 
cess of  the  Canal.  While  the  question  remained 
undecided,  a  meeting  of  the  citizens  of  Toledo 
was  held,  to  take  action  in  the  premises,  when 
a  memorial,  prepared  by  Andrew-  Palmer,  was 
adopted,  in  which  were  set  forth  "  reasons  why 
the  Canal  should  be  located  upon  the  plan  of 
the  High  Level."  Among  these  were  the  fol- 
lowing : 

1.  That  at  Toledo  "per/ec<  navigation  for  all  classes 
of  Lake  vessels  unquestionably  ceases."  2.  That  at 
the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek,  were  two  excellent  basins 
for  Cnnal  boats.  3.  That  the  water  power  to  result 
from  such  location  of  the  Canal  would  be  more  val- 
uable, than  if  distributed  on  the  line  of  the  Canal 
from  the  foot  of  the  Rapids.  4.  That  the  navigation 
of  the  River  above  Swan  Creek  was  dithcult  and  haz- 
ardous— the  channel  narrow  and  crooked,  with 
islands,  shoals,  rocks  ami  shifting  bars,  interposing 


44(i 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


serious  obstacles,  without  sufficient  water  to  float  the 
larger  class  of  vessels.  In  this  connection,  it  was 
stated  that  there  were  then  in  use  on  the  Lake  vessels 
of  200  to  iSOO  tons  burthen,  which,  when  full  loaded, 
required  nine  to  ten  feet  of  water,  which  could  not 
he  had  above  Toledo.  5.  It  was  strongly  urged  for 
the  '■  High  Level,"  that  during  the  boundary  contest, 
it  had  been  uniformly  urged  by  the  Ohio  authorities 
"  that  the  lower  section  of  the  River  was  indispensa- 
bly necessary  for  the  judicious  termination  of  the 
Canal " — it  being  claimed  that  to  stop  the  work  at 
Maumee,  would  convict  the  State  of  bad  faith  and 
"  triHing."  ti.  It  was  stated,  that  the  interests  at  the 
foot  of  the  Rapids  could  be  fully  met  by  locking  into 
the  River  at  Maumee,  which  was  afterwards  done. 
In  conclusion,  it  was  stated,  that  if  the  Canal 
should  be  terminated  at  Maumee,  an  error  of  judg- 
ment would  be  committed  which  would  be  in  a 
measure  irretrievable;  while  an  unjust  and  odious 
monopoly  in  the  local  benefits  of  the  Canal  would  be 
caused,  and  the  public  interest  in  individual  and  local 
competition  be  lost. 

What  may  or  may  not  have  been  the  iuflu- 
ence  of  this  showing  with  the  Board,  cannot  be 
stated ;  but  it  is  suggestive,  that  the  plan 
therein  urged  was  adopted,  with  the  single  ad- 
dition of  the  continuance  of  the  Canal  to  Man- 
hattan. This  memorial  was  approved  by  many 
non-resident  owners  of  Toledo  real  estate,  in- 
cluding Micajah  T.  Williams  of  Cincinnati, 
Elisha  Whittlesey  of  Trumbull  County,  and 
Joshua  E.  Giddings  of  Ashtabula. 

So  much  for  Toledo  and  the  "  High  Level." 
It  is  no  more  than  fair  that  the  "  Low  Level  " 
be  heard  here.  Its  claims  were  set  forth  as 
follows : 

1st.  The  business  men  of  the  Upper  Maumee 
would  rely  on  their  own  resources  in  the  shipping 
business,  and  would  necessarily  bring  their  trade  to 
the  point  where  Lake  navigation  terminated.  2d. 
The  experience  of  100  years  showed  that  the  foot  of 
the  Rapids  of  the  Maumee  was  that  point.  3d.  Freights 
from  Bufl'alo  to  Maumee  were  the  same  as  to  Toledo 
or  Manhattan  ;  thereby  saving  to  shippers  15  miles  of 
Canal  navigation,  with  its  tolls  and  charges.  4th. 
The  Towns  at  the  foot  of  the  Rapids  had  the  important 
advantage  in  being  near  where  the  River  could  be 
bridged  with  safety  and  without  injury  to  navigation 
— a  con.si deration  which  must  have  the  effect  to  bring 
great  public  improvements,  as  Turnpikes  and  Rail- 
roads, to  that  locality.  "  The  impossibility  of  bridg- 
ing—the difficulty  of  ferrying— the  certainty  of  tran- 
shipment—and the  total  prevention  of  crossing  the 
Kiver  for  frequently  long  periods  every  season,  must 
present  an  insurmountable  obstacle  to  the  termina- 
tion of  any  such  public  work  at  any  place  below  the 
foot  of  the  Rapids." 

These  points  are  now  chiefly  valuable,  as 
showing  the  ideas  of  the  modes  and  methods  in 
trade  which  were  current  at  the  time  in  ques- 
tion ;  so  many  of  which,  not  excepting  that  in 
regard  to  bridging  navigable  streams,  have 
disappeared  under  the  changed  current  of 
events. 

It  may  not  be  out  of  place  here  to  say,  that 
among  the  older  citizens  are  now  some  who 
think  it  would  have  been  as  well,  if  not  better 
for  Toledo,  had  the  Harris  line  been  established 
and  the  City  placed  in  Michigan.  In  such  case, 


the  Canals,  would  have  entered  the  River  at 
Maumee,  which  fact,  as  already  stated,  operated 
largely  at  Toledo  to  the  suppoi-t  of  Ohio's  boun- 
dary claim.  Subsequent  experience  has  greatly 
modified  that  view.  The  increased  tonnage  of 
Lake  shipping  very  soon  after  the  opening  of 
the  Canals,  made  Toledo  the  only  point  of  con- 
nection with  the  River,  which  would  have  been 
the  same  with  that  City  in  Michigan.  Com- 
merce is  not  controlled  by  boundary  lines. 
With  such  facts,  is  the  consideration  that  in 
Michigan,  Toledo  would  have  been  the  favorite 
port  of  the  State,  and  as  such  received  benefits 
not  within  the  power  of  Ohio  to  grant.  All 
this,  however,  is  matter  for  speculation,  only. 

The  Ohio  portion  of  the  Wabash  and  Erie 
Canal,  is  but  18  miles  in  length,  extending  from 
the  junction  with  the  Miami  and  Erie  Canal, 
in  Paulding  County,  to  the  Indiana  State  line. 

That  portion  ot  the  work  not  previously  con- 
structed— from  the  head  of  the  Rapids  of  the 
Maumee  River  to  the  Indiana  State  line  — was 
let  October  25,  1837,  in  89  Sections,  com- 
mencing at  the  Rapids,  to  the  following  con- 
tractors in  the  order  given  : 

Brubacher  &  Waterhouse,  Forsyth,  Hazard  &  Co., 
Samuel  Mapes,  Clems,  Alden  &  Co.,  Mooney,  Wair, 
Sturgis  &  Co.,  Francis  D.  Cochran,  Spaflbnl,  Lawrence 
&  Co.,  Saylor,  Jones  &  Keep,  Mudge,  Curtis  &  Co., 
Peter  Walsh  &  Co.,  Thomas  Ellis,  H.  H.  Sierman, 
Eltanan  Gray,  A.  F.  Patrick  &  Co.,  James  Drummond, 
Almou  Eggleston,  Andrew  SpafFord,  Goettell  &  Hall, 
John  Swift,  Murphy  &  Sheridan,  A.  L.  &  W.  Teffers 
&  Co.,  Robertson  &  Kenney,  William  Thompson, 
Daily  &  Flinn,  S.  H.  Steedman,  James  Sheburn,  Wm. 

B.  Lawrence,  Jonathan  Cook,  Thomas  Newcomb  & 
Co.,  Peter  Murphy  &  Co.,  Elijah  Ellis,  Libbey,  Eddy 
&  Co.,  Gardner,  Libbey  &  Co.,  Smith,  Chamberlin  & 
Co.,  William  Young. 

Leander  Ransom,  Acting  Commissioner,  was 
in  charge  of  the  work,  with  Samuel  Forrer  as 
Civil  Engineer.  The  Resident  Engineers  at 
that  time,  were  Andrew  Young,  at  Maumee 
City,  and  William  Wall,  at  Defiance. 

In  February,  1839,  Sections  48  and  73,  inclu- 
sive, and  101  were  let  to  the  following  parties  : 

Ogden  Mallory,  Cannon  &  Carrs,  Steedmans&  Co., 
R.  P.  Harriman,  Henry  Richards,  Harrington  &  Davis, 
Dodd  Lt  Morehouse,  A.  F.  Patrick  &  Co.,  Bernard 
Kemper,  Martin,  Morgan  &  Co.,  Patrick  &  Short,  D. 

C.  Doan,  H.  &  A.  Doolittle,  D.  C.  Middleton,  Guy  C. 
Noble,  Benajah  Barker,  Henry  Leonard,  J.  A.  Brewer, 
Henry  Carhart  &  Co.,  James  B.  Steedman,  A.  L.  Tel- 
lers &  Co.,  Clems  &  Co.,  Marcelious  &  Co. 

This  work  was  between  the  head  and  the 
foot  of  the  Rapids  of  the  Maumee. 

The  portion  of  the  Wabash  Canal  between 
Fort  Wayne  and  Logansport  was  opened  in 
1838.  Among  the  rates  of  toll  then  charged, 
were  the  following  : 

Per  1,000  lbs.  per  mile— Flour,  Wheat,  Whisky, 
Domestic  Animals,  Lard,  Butter,  &c.,  1.8  cents ; 
Mineral  Coal,  5  mills ;  Linseed  Oil,  Paper, 
Window  Glass,     &c.,    2.4    cents;     Bar    Iron,    Nails, 


CANALS. 


447 


&c.,  4.8  cents ;  Merchandise,  4.8  cents ;  Stone, 
for  building  purposes,  9  mills;  Lumber,  per  1,000 
feet,  2.4  cents  ;  Bricks,  per  1,000,  4.8  cents  ;  Timber, 
100  cubic  feet,  2.4  cents ;  same  in  rafts,  5  cents  ;  Wood 
for  fuel,  per  cord,  in  Boats,  2.4  cents  ;  Freight  Boats, 
1.2  cents  per  mile  ;  Passenger  Boats,  6  cents  per  mile; 
on  Passengers  of  12  years  and  over,  1.2  cents  per 
mile. 

In  May,  1838,  the  contractors  on  the  Miami 
and  Erie  Canal  within  Lucas  County  had  no 
pay  lor  five  months,  and  they  had  2,000  hibor- 
ers  in  their  em]iloy.  The  contractors,  for  a 
long  time,  had  been  compelled  to  ])ay  olF  in 
borrowed  Michigan  "  Wild  Cat"  bills,  which  in 
time  became  uncurrent,  causing  great  distress 
to  all  concerned.  Payments  were  made  in  June 
following. 

The  Wabash  and  Erie  Canal  was  opened 
from  Latayette  to  Toledo,  in  May,  1843.  The 
arrival  at  Toledo  of  the  first  Boat  (the  Albert 
S.  White),  May  8th,  was  made  the  occasion  of 
public  recognition,  in  a  dinner  to  the  Captain 
and  crew  of  the  Boat  at  the  Ohio  House.  Judge 
H.  D.  Mason  was  President  of  the  day,  and  in- 
troduced the  exercises  at  the  close  of  tlie  dinner 
with  a  few  remarks.  He  was  followed  by  the 
orator  of  the  occasion,  George  B.  Way.  Ad- 
dresses were  also  made  by  M.  H.  Tilden,  B.  P. 
Stickney,  John  Fitch,  Heman  Walbridge  and 
others,  attended  by  sentiments  and  music.  In 
the  evening  a  party  assembled  at  the  Indiana 
House,  where  the  time  was  spent  jileasantly. 

Under  date  of  Ajiril  18,  1844,  the  Blade  an- 
nounced the  arrival  of  "  a  large  fleet  of  Canal- 
boats  from  Lafiayette,"  within  the  previous  (bur 
days,  bringing  the  following  articles:  410,598 
pounds  of  bacon  ;  471,922  pounds  lard;  41,949 
barrels  ashes  ;  3,983  bushels  wheat ;  1,445  bar- 
rels pork  ;  860  barrels  flour.  The  property  was 
mostly-  advanced  on  during  the  previous  Win- 
ter, and  was  consigned  to  an  Eastern  market. 
On  the  date  stated  3,000  bushels  wheat  were 
sold  in  Toledo  at  82  cents,  free  on  board  Lake 
vessel.  Orders  were  in  the  market  for  wheat 
at  87  cents,  deliverable  in  Buftalo.  The  receipts 
by  rail  (Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Road)  for  the  pre- 
ceding week,  amounted  to  1,580  bushels  of 
wheat,  and  890  barrels  flour. 

The  flrst  arrival  at  Toledo  from  Cincinnati, 
via  the  Miami  and  Erie  Canal,  took  jjlace  June 
27,  1845. 

Abner  L.  Backus  was  appointed  Canal  Col- 
lector at  Maumee  City,  in  April,  1844. 

In  August,  1847,  Slate  Engineers  surveyed 
Swan  Creek  on  its  East  side  with  reference  to 
the  location  thereon  of  a  tou  -path  for  Canal 
Boats.  The  reason  given  for  choosing  that 
side,  was,  that  the  West  side  was  occujtied  by 
different  establishments,  including  the  Distil- 
lery of  Kraus,  Eoemer&Co.;  the  Lumber  Yard 
of  Joel  W.  Kelsey  ;  the  new  Warehouse  of  Fitch 
&  Co.;  the  Boat  Yard  of  Mr.  Arnold,  where  one 
Lake  craft  and  several  Canal  Boats  were  in 
progress. 


June  28,  1847,  the  packet  boat  Empire,  Cap- 
tain Wiggin,  left  Dayton  by  the  Miami  and 
Erie  Canal,  and  arrived  at  Toledo  on  the 
morning  of  the  30th.  The  Blade  contained  a 
card  from  j^assengers  on  the  trip,  expressing 
their  high  apjireciation  of  "  the  comforts  and 
accommodations  furnished  to  them  on  the  boat," 
etc.  Among  the  signers  to  the  card  were  Gov- 
ernor Wm.  Bebb,  Ex-Governor  Thomas  Corwin, 
Robert  C.  Schcnck,  John  G.  Lowe,  H.  G.  Phil- 
lips, J.  Wilson  Williams,  Edmund  Smith,  Ed- 
ward W.  Davies  and  A.  H.  Dunlevy — most  of 
them  residents  of  Dayton.  The  time  occupied 
by  the  trip  was  48  hours.  That  was  considered 
"  fast  traveling."  ]5y  rail  the  distance  has  since 
been  made  in  3i  hours. 

The  following  statement  by  Jones  &  Taylor, 
merchants,  at  Cincinnati,  of  goods  received  by 
them  at  the  dates  named,  shows  something  of 
the  condition  of  transportation  between  that 
City  and  the  East  in  1845  (two  years  after  the 
opening  of  the  Miami  and  Brie  Canal) : 

Received  September  27,  1845,  by  Canal-boat  con- 
nected with  Griffith's  line  via  Toledo,  sundry  pack- 
ages of  dry  goods,  7,027  pounds,  at  $1.15  (per  100) 
from  New  York  to  Cincinnati ;  amount  of  cost,  $82.- 
88,  covering  all  charges. 

Received  September  29,  1845,  by  Steamer  Ohio 
Mail,  sundry  boxes  merchandise  through  the  Penn- 
sylvania Canal,  weighing  5,824  pounds,  on  which  the 
freight  (40  cents  from  Pittsburg)  and  charges  amount 
to  $170.62,  or  $2.94  per  100. 

As  the  result  of  interruptions  in  transporta- 
tion, caused  by  breakage  in  the  Miami  and  Erie 
Canal,  in  1845,  the  cost  of  transporting  a  barrel 
of  flour  from  Cincinnati  to  New  York  via  To- 
ledo, advanced  from  81.15  to  $2.00. 

The  journey  from  New  York  to  St.  Louis 
via  Buftalo,  Toledo,  Lafayette  and  Torre  Haute, 
was  made  in  October,  1847,  in  "  the  short  space 
of  eight  days."  The  traveler  went  to  Albany 
by  steamer;  thence  to  Buffalo  by  cars  ;  to  To- 
ledo by  "  one  of  the  floating  palaces  of  Lake 
Erie  ;"  to  Lafayette  by  "  one  of  Doyle  &  Dick- 
ey's fine  packets;"  and  thence  in  three  days' 
time  in  "  one  of  I.  &  P.  Vorhees'  fine  post- 
coaches." 

The  editor  of  the  Blade,  in  a  letter  dated 
"  Packet  Erie,  off  Defiance,  March  27,  1848," 
after  referring  to  Captain  Wiggam  as  "a  gen- 
tlemanly, accommodating  man,  who  kept  order 
on  his  boat  and  a  good  table,"  said :  "After 
all,  the  Packet,  though  not  so  rapid,  is  preferable 
to  the  Railroad.  The  eating,  sleeping,  and,  in 
short,  all  the  comforts  and  conveniences  except 
rapidit}',  arc  greatly  superior.  As  to  speed, 
they  do  well,  too,  and  make  a  pretty  good  ad- 
vance in  24  hours." 

The  Canal  tolls  at  Toledo  in  1847  amounted 
to  $63,869,  a  gain  of  $13,831  over  1846.  The 
number  of  boats  in  commission  at  Toledo  was 
417,  with  an  unusual  number  being  built. 

The  number  of  Canal  Boats  clearing  from 
Toledo,  1848,  was  3,753;  their  aggregate  ton- 


448 


HrSTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


nage,  142,071,204  pounds;  tolls  paid,  81 17,220.25. 

The  steam  Canal  packet  Nias^ara  arrived  at 
Toledo  on  the  morninfjj  of  September  24,  1849, 
having  left  Cincinnati  on  the  evening  of  the 
i;»th,  stopping  at  all  points  intermediate. 

The  tirst  arrival  of  a  Canal  boat  at  Toledo 
from  Terre  Haute,  Indiana,  was  that  of  the 
E.  A.  Hannagan,  Captain  Robinson,  November 
5,  1849. 

The  pioneer  Canal-Steamer  of  the  West,  is 
believed  to  have  been  the  Scarecrow,  which  left 
Toledo  in  November,  1859,  for  Franklin,  with 
a  cargo  of  lumber.  She  was  about  the  size  of 
an  ordinary  Canal  Boat,  and  for  power  had  a 
email  portable  engine,  similar  to  tho.se  used  on 
pile-drivers.  From  the  fly-wheel  a  belt  ex- 
tended down  to  a  pulley  in  the  stern,  to  which 
a  propeller- wheel  three  feet  in  diameter  was 
attached. 

The  Canal  Propeller  Union,  Captain  Wm. 
Sabin,  arrived  at  Toledo,  May  25,  1862,  from 
Lafa3'ette,  with  a  cargo  of  1,750  bushels  of 
wheat,  and  having  in  tow  a  Canal  Boat  with 
2,050  bushels  grain,  20  barrels  pork  and  two 
casks  ham,  the  whole  cargo  being  115  tons. 
The  time  of  the  trip  was  5  days,  22J  hours,  of 
which  19  hours  was  occupied  in  stopping, 
making  the  running  time  5  daj's,  3^  hours,  for 
204  miles,  or  1.62  miles  per  hour.  Her  best 
time  was  5  miles  per  hour. 

No  more  direct  and  determined  contests  for 
supremacy  in  trade  have  occurred  in  the  West, 
than  were  those  long  existing  between  the 
Canals  and  the  Baihvays  of  Ohio.  They  were 
waged  for  life,  and  led  to  some  remarkable  re- 
sults. Wherever  the  two  agencies  in  trade 
came  in  competition,  rates  were  made  ver}'  low  ; 
but  relieved  of  such  competition,  it  was  in  manj' 
cases  the  policy  of  Railways  to  compel  non- 
competing  points  to  make  good  the  losses 
sustained  at  competing  points.  Two  or  three 
cases  in  point  may  be  cited.  At  one  time,  the 
price  for  transporting  wheat  from  Tontogany, 
Wood  County,  to  Toledo  (23  miles),  over  tlie 
Cincinnati,  Hamilton  and  Dayton  Railway,  was 
7  cents  per  bushel  :  while,  by  same  Road,  from 
Troy,  Miami  County,  99  miles  further  South, 
the  price  was  but  6  cents  per  bushel — the  ex- 
planation being  that  Troy  was  on  the  line  of 
the  Miami  and  Erie  Canal,  while  Tontogany 
was  dependent  wholly  on  the  Railway  for 
facilities.  About  the  time  of  the  foregoing 
case,  the  rate  for  transportation  of  wheat  by 
the  Wabash  Railway  to  Toledo  from  Emerald 
(61  miles  in  distance)  was  14  cents  per  bushel ; 
while  the  rate  by  the  same  Road  from  Lafay- 
ette to  Toledo  (203  miles)  was  but  12  cents— 
Lafayette  being  on  the  Wabash  Canal,  and 
Emerald  without  such  competition.  Like  re- 
sults from  competition  between  rival  lines  of 
Railway  are  seen  on  many  hands  ;  but  rarely 
in  as  great  degree  as  between  Railway  and 
Water  routes.  This  was  no  doubt  due  to  the 
fact,  that  success  in  such  extreme  competition 


was  more  hopeful  with  Railways  when  waged 
against  Water  lines  of  traffic. 

This  contest  was  not  without  vigorous  re- 
sistance on  the  part  of  the  Canal  authorities 
from  the  aggression  of  Railways.  In  1852,  the 
Ohio  Board  of  Public  Works  first  took  definite 
steps  in  that  direction.  At  that  time,  the  chief 
comjietition  was  between  Cincinnati  and  I)ay- 
ton,  and  between  Dayton  and  the  Lake — in  the 
former  case  the  Cincinnati,  Hamilton  and  Day- 
ton, and  in  the  other  the  Mad  River  and  Lake 
Erie  (now  Indianapolis,  Burlington  and  West- 
ern) Road,  competing  with  the  Miami  and  Erie 
Canal.  For  a  time,  the  Board  had  undertaken 
to  maintain  the  traffic  of  the  Canal  by  reduc- 
tions in  tolls  ;  but  the  Railroads  met  these  with 
corresponding  reductions.  Such  policy  not 
meeting  the  purpose,  the  Board  deemed  itself 
compelled  to  resort  to  more  thorough  means. 
These  it  found  in  a  jilan  for  preventing  Rail- 
roads from  crossing  the  Canals  of  the  State. 
The  Board  then  consisted  of  A.  P.  Miller,  Geo. 
W.  Manypenny  and  James  B.  Steedman.  In 
March,  1852,  the  Ohio  House  of  Representa- 
tives called  upon  the  Board  "  to  report  by  what 
authority  Railroad  Companies  have  been  per- 
mitted to  erect  bridges  over  the  Canals  of  the 
State  for  the  passage  of  cars ;  the  means  adopted 
by  such  Companies  to  obtain  the  transporta- 
tion of  freight,  which,  at  proper  rates  for  trans- 
portation, would  pass  upon  the  Canals  ;  what 
effect  the  removal  of  such  bridges  would  have 
upon  said  Roads;  and  whether  any  legislation 
be  necessary  for  the  removal  of  said  bridges." 
In  replying  to  this  call,  the  Board  discussed 
the  subject  at  some  length.  It  declared  all  such 
bridges  to  exist  without  authority  of  law ; 
spoke  of  the  competition  with  the  Canals  as 
most  damaging  to  their  traflic,  and  detailed 
facts  to  show  this;  and  then  set  forth  the 
remedy  for  the  evil  which  the  Board  would  ad- 
vise, to  wit : 

There  are  many  ways  in  which  they  (the  Rail- 
roads) can  be  reached.  Let  the  State  repeal  all  the 
criminal  laws  which  protect  these  Roads  from  depre- 
dation, and  the  Companies  would  soon  sue  for  mercy. 
So,  the  removal  of  all  the  bridges  erected  by  them 
without  authority  across  the  Public  Works  of  the 
State,  would  so  increase  the  expenses  of  transporta- 
tion upon  Railroads,  and  so  delay  travel,  as  to  cause 
tlipm  to  submit  to  a  sy.stem  of  freightage  required  by 
their  own  true  interests  and  the  interests  of  the 
State.  This  Board  has  already  passed  an  order  for 
the  removal  of  these  bridges  by  the  first  of  June 
next.  We  have  also  ordered  our  Engineers  and 
Superintendents  to  prevent  tlie  erection  of  any  more 
bridges  across  the  Canals  by  Railroad  Companies. 
We  would  also  suggest  the  propriety  of  passing  a  law 
prohibiting  Railroad  Companies  from  shipping  pro- 
duce, merchandise  or  other  articles  from  within  20 
miles  of  the  Canals,  at  less  freight  per  mile  than  the 
highest  rate  charged  for  transportation  on  any  other 
part  of  the  Road. 

The  report  of  the  Board  closed  as  follows  : 

If  these  Railroads  would  be  content  with  doing 
their  legitimate  business,  both  they  and  the  Canals 


CANALS. 


449 


might  prosper ;  but  unfortunatelj-  they  are  owned 
and  controlled  mostly  by  foreign  capitalists,  who  feel 
no  symjiatliy  with  the  people  of  the  State  or  its  pros- 
perity, and  are  guided  only  by  the  hope  of  large 
dividends.  Against  tbe  eli'orts  of  these  capitalists, 
the  State  should  early  erect  barricades,  and  carefully 
guard  them,  or  it  will  soon  find,  when  too  late,  the 
Public  Works  are  entirely  at  their  mercy. 

In  the  course  of  construction  of  tlie  Central 
Ohio  Road,  which  had  been  finished  from  New- 
ark to  Zanesviile,  the  Board  of  Public  Works, 
through  Mr.  Manypenny,  in  charge  of  the 
Canal  at  the  latter  jwint,  interfered  and  tilled 
in  a  pit  dug  for  an  abutment  for  a  bridge  over 
the  Canal,  and  threatened  to  employ  force  to 
jjrevent  lurther  step.s  toward  such  structure  by 
the  Eailroad  Company.  Whereupon,  that  Com- 
pany applied  to  Judge  E.  C.  llurd,  of  the  Lick- 
ing Common  Pleas  Court,  for  an  injunction, 
restraining  the  Board  from  further  interlerence. 
The  question  was  decided  by  Judge  Hurd,  in 
an  opinion  of  some  length,  in  which  he  re- 
viewed the  material  facts  and  law  of  the  case. 
He  held,  that  the  right  granted  by  the  Legisla- 
ture to  the  Eailroad  Company  "  to  construct  a 
Eailroad  "  on  a  certain  line,  with  "  the  right  to 
enter  upon  land,  to  survey  and  lay  down  said 
Eoad,"  included  the  right  to  build  the  bridges 
necessary  to  the  Road  on  such  line,  and  that 
Canals  were  no  exception  in  such  case.  Hence, 
it  was  not  necessary  that  the  Board  of  Public 
Works  be  consulted  as  to  the  construction  of 
bridges  over  Canals,  but  had  "  the  right  to 
select  their  ground  and  proceed  to  erect  their 
work,  wholly  independent  of  the  Board  ;"  the 
only  limit  to  such  right  being,  that  the  bridges 
"should  not  destroy  or  substantiall^'or  unneces- 
sarily obstruct  the  proper  and  accustomed  use 
of  the  Canal,"  which  point  was  to  be  decided, 
not  by  the  Board,  but  by  the  Courts. 

This  contest,  to  a  greater  or  less  extent,  has 
continued,  with  pretty  constant  advance  ol  the 
Railways  upon  the  domain  of  the  Canals,  until 
the  struggle  seems  nearing  its  end.  Several 
years  ago,  the  Indiana  portion  of  the  Wabash 
and  Erie  Canal  was  abandoned  throughout. 
The  Section  between  the  Indiana  State  line  and 
the  junction  with  the  Miami  and  Erie  C"anal,was 
in  operation  until  tlie  clojieofthe  season  of  1886, 
its  chief  traffic  being  timber  and  wood.  For 
some  years  past  the  people  of  Paulding  County, 
living  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Eeservoir  upon 
which  this  Canal  depended  for  water,  had  been 
strongly  opposed  to  the  continuance  of  that 
body  of  water,  on  the  ground  of  its  deleterious 
effect  upon  the  health  of  the  surrounding  coun- 


try, and  had  appealed  to  the  State  authorities  of 
Ohio  for  the  abatement  of  the  same  as  a  nui- 
sance. Such  request  not  being  comjilied  with, 
])arties  unknown  during  the  presontyear  (1.SS7) 
so  far  destroyed  the  banks  of  the  Reservoir  as 
to  render  it  useless,  and  to  deprive  the  Wahash 
branch  of  means  indispensable  to  its  operation. 

The  Miami  and  Erie  Canal  (Toledo  and  Cin- 
cinnati) is  still  operated  throughout,  though 
with  marked  diminution  of  traffic.  It  yet 
transports  to  Toledo  a  portion  of  the  jiroduce 
grown  on  its  line  in  the  region  of  St.  Mary's, 
as  it  does  more  or  less  of  local  freights  on  the 
Southern  half  of  its  line  ;  but  the  aggregate  is 
in  marked  contrast  with  the  traffic  of  former 
y'ears.  The  Section  of  this  Canal  between  the 
locks  in  Toledo  and  the  connection  with  the 
Eiver  at  Manhattan  was  vacated  in  187(1.  Its 
traffic  had  never  been  such  as,  on  the  score  of 
business,  to  warrant  its  construction.  The 
Eiver  connection  at  Maumee  was  even  more 
disappointing  in  its  results,  and  many^  year.s 
since  was  practically  abandoned. 

Tlie  extent  and  directionsof  the  lossofCanal 
traffic  at  Toledo  are  indicated  by  the  following 
table,  showing  tlie  amounts  of  receipts  and 
shipments  at  that  point  during  the  years  18G3 
and  18t!4,  and  for  the  year  1886  : 

CO.MP.\R.\TIVE   RECEIPTS. 

1864.  lSfi3.  1886. 

Flour,  bbls 241.130  247,2.')!)  4,710 

Wheat,  bus 1,942,970  1,942,970  767,712 

Corn,  bus 246,21.5  248,131  ti!i,911 

Oats,  bus 19,112  16,562  8,760 

Pork,  bills 14,965  26,877           

Hides,  lbs 14,290  59,4,8.5           

Lard,  lbs 627,609  1,765,632           

Oil  Cake,  lbs 2,139,675  2,759,841           

Staves,  No 963,191  1,064,222           

Lumber,  ft 6,306,000  2,449,418  519,600 

Timber,  cub.  ft 270,277  -10,168  149,200 

AVood,  cords 4,486  2,999  4,196 

Wool,  lbs 50,619  15,729           

COMP.\R.\TIVE   SHIP.MENTS. 

1864.  1863.  1886. 

Barley,  bus___ _.       2,906           

Wheat,  bus 58,003  21,806  22,615 

Iron,  lbs 111,271  714,991  2,000 

Iron  Ore,  lbs 4,0.58,880  

Ice,  lbs 23,514,000          

Powder 34,836           

Coal,  lbs      2,.506  25,522  606,000 

Salt,  lbs 50,659  70,942  3,908 

Lath 4,925,000  4,665,000  1,097,000 

ShinMes           8,781,000  8,616,000  545,000 

Lumber,  ft 27,431,312  18,255,713  2,008,100 


CHAPTEK  IX. 


EARLY  CANAL  AND  LAKE  TEAFFIO. 


I^UV,  Ei'ie  Canal  was  first  opened  for  traffic 
in  the  Fall  of  1825.  Previous  to  that  time 
finished  ])ortions  of  the  same  had  been  used 
tor  trafBc  more  or  less,  and  immediately  there- 
after the  entire  line  came  to  be  supplied  with 
facilities  as  fast  as  experience  and  the  develop- 
ment of  the  trade  would  admit;  but  these  re- 
mained very  imjjerfect  durini;  the  ensuing  year. 
In  January,  1827,  appeared  the  first  an- 
nouncement of  a  "  Through  Line,"  affording 
accommodations  to  be  made  available  by  con- 
tract with  I'egular  agents.  It  was  known  as 
the  Troy  Steam  and  Tow-Boat  Line  (on  the 
Hudson  River),  or  the  Ti-oy  and  Black  Rock 
Line  of  Canal  Boats  (on  the  Canal).  The  "best 
of  Schooners  on  the  Lake"  connected  with 
this  line.  The  local  agents  of  the  same  were 
as  follows  :  P.  Hart,  Jr.,  New  York ;  G.  P. 
Griffith  &  Co.,  Troy  ;  D.  Griffith  &  Co.,  Syra- 
cuse;  Brown  &  Griffith,  Rochester;  Sheldon, 
Thompson  &  Co.,  Buffalo  ;  and  William  Town- 
send,  Sandusky,  Ohio.  The  latter  was  the  only 
agent  West  of  Buffalo,  and  he  advertised  that 
"a  number  ot  first-class  teams  "  were  emplo}  ed 
bj'  the  Line  for  freight  between  Sandusky  and 
Cincinnati  or  intermediate  points.  The  senior 
of  the  Rochester  firm  of  Brown  &  Griffith,  was 
the  late  Matthew  Brown,  of  Toledo.  Very  few 
of  his  acquaintances  were  aware  of  the  relation 
he  bore  to  tlie  pioneer  transportation  line  of 
the  Erie  Canal.  At  the  request  of  the  writer, 
Mr.  Brown,  a  short  time  previous  to  his  death, 
furnished  the  following  statement  of  the  in- 
auguration of  traffic  on  the  Erie  Canal,  and  its 
connection  with  the  Lakes.     He  said: 

The  Erie  Canal  was  commenced  in  1817,  the  first 
shovel  of  earth  having  been  thrown  on  the  4th  of 
July  of  that  year,  at  Rome,  Oneida  County.  The 
work  was  pushed  with  great  energy,  and  in  the  latter 
part  of  October,  182.5,  the  flotilla  from  Lake  Erie 
reached  New  York  City,  where  it  was  welcomed 
with  great  pomp  and  impcsing  ceremonies.  The 
Canal  Commissioners  very  judiciously  commenced 
the  work  in  the  central  part  of  the  State,  where  the 
levels  were  long  and  the  bulk  of  the  work  consisted 
of  excavations.  The  people  of  the  State  were  not 
slow  in  availing  themselves  of  the  facilities  offered  by 
the  work,  as  different  sections  were  completed. 
Many  single  boats  were  at  once  put  in  commission, 
and  several  Transportation  Companies  were  organ- 
ized. As  might  be  expected,  these  were  composed, 
in  great  measure,  of  those  who  had  been  engaged  in 
similar  pursuits,  viz. :  Mohawk  River  Boatmen  and 
broad-tire  wagons,  formerly  employed  in  the  trans- 
portation of  freight  over  substantially  the  same  route. 
At  the  time  of  the  opening  of  the  Canal,  my 
father  (Dr.  Matthew  Brown)  was  a  large  property 


holder  in  Rochester  and  was  engaged  in  several  in- 
dustrial pursuits,  the  principal  of  which  was  the 
manufacture  of  flour  for  the  New  York  market.  For 
want  of  lietter  help,  a  good  deal  of  the  management 
of  tlie  business  fell  to  me.  I  liad  considerable  as.sist- 
ance  from  a  younger  brother  (the  late  Henry  H. 
Brown,  of  Detroit).  We  had,  like  other  millers,  at 
times  much  difficulty  in  getting  our  flour  to  market, 
and  it  was  deemed  best  to  own  two  or  three  Canal 
Boats.  The  result  was,  that  during  the  Winter  of 
1825-26,  we  laid  the  keels  of  four  Boats,  to  whicli  a 
fifth  one  was  added  the  following  Spring.  The  Boats 
were  of  the  flrst-class  of  that  day,  and  carried  about 
,S0  tons,  with  accommodations  for  passengers.  Mr. 
G.  P.  Griffith,  of  Troy,  was  the  proprietor  of  a  small 
line  of  eight  or  10  Boats.  He  proposed  to  me  to 
visit  Buffalo  and  enlist  the  co-operation  of  Lake 
ship-owners  there  (with  whom  he  had  been  in  corre- 
spondence), in  the  formation  of  a  line  to  run  through 
from  Lake  Erie  to  Troy,  in  connection  with  a  house 
(Pattison  &  Hart)  who  were  about  to  establish  a  line 
of  Tow-Boats  on  the  Hudson.  To  make  a  long  .story 
short,  the  Canal  line  was  formed,  with  a  capital  of 
120,000— Sheldon,  Thompson  &  Co.,andTownsend  & 
Coit,  of  Buffalo,  owning  one-quarter;  G.  P.  Griffith 
&  Co.,  of  Troy,  about  one-half;  my  fatlier  the  value 
of  four  boats  ;  while  Griffith  &.  Brown  (Evan  Griffith 
and  myself)  had  a  small  interest,  and  were  the 
agents  at  Rochester. 

Such  was  the  commencement  of  the  famous  (as  I 
may  now  call  it)  Troy  and  Erie  Line,  which,  with  its 
correspondents  at  the  several  Lake  ports,  was  not  a 
whit  behind  the  best  of  its  contemporaries.  I  was  in 
this  organization  four  years,  and  after  some  episod- 
ical experience  in  other  ventures,  found  myself  in 
the  Spring  of  183(5  a  junior  partner  of  the  house  of 
Coit,  Kimberly  &  Co.,  Buft'alo,  which  succeeded  the 
two  houses  mentioned  above.  John  L.  Kimberly,  now 
living,  was  the  active  head  manager  at  Buffalo.  I 
came  to  Toledo  in  184.3,  and  have  been  a  member  of 
several  firms  engaged  in  the  shipping  and  commission 
business. 

A  prominent  part  of  the  Canal  traffic  then 
consisted  in  passenger  business  by  Packet 
Boats;  and  Mrs.  Matthew  Brown  well  remem- 
bers the  active  part  she  took  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  pillow-slips  for  the  Packets  of  the  Pio- 
neer line  of  the  Erie  Canal,  in  which  she  soon 
became  more  deeply  interested  by  marriage 
with  one  of  its  owners. 

In  Ma}-,  1827,  a  second  transportation  line 
(the  Pilot  Line  of  Canal  Boats)  was  announced, 
with  the  following  agents:  Shankland,  Brace 
&  Co.,  New  York;  Joy  &  Webster,  Buffalo; 
and  Wilcoxson,  Swearingin  &  Co.,  Sandusky. 
It  is  proper  here  to  state,  that,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  Detroit,  Sandusky  was  then  the  most 
Western  point  of  commercial  importance  on  the 
lino  of  the  Lakes.  There  was  then  no  Cliicago 
or  Milwaukee,  while  the  trade  of  the  Maumee 


[450] 


EARLY  CANAL  AND  LAKE   TRAFFIC. 


451 


River  was  confined  to  the  local  traffic  at  Perrys- 
burg  and  Maumee  City,  Toledo  uot  having 
been  heard,  if  thought  of.  Sanduskj^'s  8upori- 
oritj-  arose  in  the  interior  and  Southern  trade 
supplied  from  that  point. 

As  early  as  December,  1827,  a  movement 
took  place  toward  organization  among  the 
masters  of  Vessels  on  Lake  Erie.  As  stated 
by  the  Buffalo  Joitrnal  (then  edited  by  Oran 
Follett,  Esq.,  now  of  Sandu.sky),  a  meeting  of 
such  commanders  was  held  in  that  Citj',  wlien 
were  passed  resolutions,  in  which  was  set  forth 
the  necessity  of  masters  acquiring  a  more  per- 
fect knowledge  of  Lake  navigation,  in  conse- 
quence of  the  growing  importance  of  their  call- 
ing, for  which  purpose  the  "  Lake  Erie  Mai-ine 
Society  "  was  organized. 

In  1838,  the  cost  of  transportation  of  freight 
between  New  York  and  Toledo,  was  $22.00  per 
ton — via  Erie  Canal  and  the  Lake.  The  rate 
from  New  York  to  Chicago  was  $:-!2.00.  From 
Toledo  to  Chicago,  the  charge  was  $10.00  per 
ton.  These  rates  \\  ere  the  average  for  Summer 
traffic,  tliose  for  tiic  later  portion  of  the  season 
being   sometimes   higher,    reaching   $4.00   per 


barrel  bulk  between  Buffalo  and  Chicago.  To 
these  charges  were  added  the  cost  for  insur- 
ance, which,  between  Biittaio  and  Chicago, 
amounted  to  $12.50  per  ton  ;  and  between 
Toledo  and  Chicago,  $8.H4  per  ton — thus  mak- 
ing the  aggregate  Buffalo  and  Chicago  cost, 
$44.50  per  ton,  and  that  between  Toledo  and 
Chicago,  $18.34.  Tlie  charge  for  passengers  by 
Steamboats  from  Toledo  and  Detroit  to  Chi- 
cago, were — for  cabin,  $20.00;  and  for  deck, 
$12.00.  It  was  then  estimated  that  with  a 
Hailroad  between  Tolcdoand  Cliicago  (<iistance 
234  miles),  the  two  routes  would  compare  as 
follows:  By  rail,  the  time  would  be  12  hours 
for  passenger,  and  24  hours  fin'  ti-eight  trains, 
with  $10.00  as  fare  for  passengers,  and  $7.05 
per  ton  for  freight;  against  fivedajs'  time  and 
$12.00  to  $20.00  lor  passengers,  and  $18.34  tor 
freight  by  water. 

Did  spafe  permit,  it  would  be  interesting  to 
follow  the  progress  of  this  great  channel  of 
trade,  through  the  various  changes  which  it 
has  undergone  during  the  past  60  years.  But 
that  is  not  practicable;  and  we  must  be  con- 
tent with  this  brief  record  of  its  start. 


CHAPTER    X. 


LAKE    MARINE. 


THE  first  Steamboat  on  Lake  Erie  was  built 
at  HlaeU  Rock,  below  Bufl'alo,  in  1818,  hav- 
inff  been  iaiinebeii  about  tbe  4th  of  July.  She 
was  named  "  Walk-in  thc-Water,"  as  alleged  for 
an  Indian  Chief;  was  of  about  300  tons  burden, 
and  moved  in  the  water  at  from  eight  to  ten 
miles  per  hour.  The  date  of  its  first  trip  up 
the  Lake  is  not  definitely  settled  in  history,  by 
some  it  being  given  as  in  Sejrtember.  The 
Cleveland  Register  of  November  3,  1818,  made 
this  mention  of  what  seems  to  have  been  her 
first  visit  to  that  port,  as  follows  : 

The  Steamboat  Walk-in-the- Water  left  Buffiilo  for 
Detroit  on  the  10th  of  October,  liaving  on  board  100 
passengers.  Tbe  facility  with  which  she  moves  over 
our  Lake,  warrants  us  in  saying  that  she  will  be  of 
utility,  not  only  to  the  proprietors,  but  also  to  the 
public.  She  oflers  us  a  .safe,  sure  and  speedy  convey- 
ance for  all  our  surplus  produce  to  di.stant  markets. 
She  works  as  well  in  a  storm  as  any  vessel  on  the 
Lakes,  and  answers  the  most  sanguine  expectations 
of  the  proprietors. 

The  following  was  the  first  announcement 
made  of  a  Steamboat  excursion  to  the  LTpper 
Lakes : 

The  Steamboat  Walk-in-the- Water  will  sailonthe 
10th  of  June  next,  from  Buffalo  for  Michilimakinac, 
and  call  as  usual  for  passengers  at  the  intermediate 
ports  on  Lake  Erie.  Her  second  trip  will  be  on  the 
9th  of  August  next. 

Jededi.\h  Rogers,  Master. 

Cleveland,  May  25,  1820. 

Mr.  E.  D.  Howe,  for  many  years  publisher 
of  a  newspaper  at  Painesvillc,  Ohio,  in  1859 
made  a  statement  o(  his  personal  knowledge  of 
this  Steamboat,  in  wliich  he  said  : 

On  the  fourth  day  of  July  (or  tliereabouts),  in  the 
year  ISbS,  I  saw  the  said  Boat  slide  from  her  ways 
into  the  Niagara  Kiver,  two  miles  below  Buflalo,  "at 
the  Village  of  Black  Kock.  She  was  landed  beam 
foremost  or  sideways,  and  brought  up  within  20  feet 
of  the  shore.  She  was  finished  and  made  three  or 
four  trips  to  Detroit  the  same  season.  The  next  year 
(1S19)  1  was  a  passenger  on  said  Boat  to  Cleveland  on 
her  firsl  trip  up.  She  was  commanded  by  Captain 
Job  Fish,  and  a  rough  and  rickety  thing  she  was. 
The  harbors  on  Lake  Erie  at  that  time  could  only  be 
entered  by  small  open  boats,  and  in  consequence  of 
a  heavy  wind  we  lay  in  the  Lake  off  Cleveland  three 
days  and  three  nights,  without  effecting  a  landing. 

Mr.  Howe  states  the  fastest  time  of  the 
pioneer  Steamboat  to  have  been  29  hours  from 
Buffalo  to  Cleveland  (200  miles),  or  about  seven 
miles  per  hour. 

The  Steamer  was  in  service  three  years,  and 
until  November,  1821,  leaving  Black  Eock  at 

[45: 


four  p.  M.  on  the  tith  of  that  month,  for  Detroit 
and  intermediate  ports,  with  75  passengers  and 
a  large  quantity  of  merchandise.  The  weather 
was  then  calm.  When  out  six  miles,  the  wind 
arose,  and  Captain  Rogers  returned  to  Buffalo 
Bay.  The  wind  increased  in  force,  accompanied 
by  rain,  and  the  night  was  intensely  dark. 
Between  10  and  11,  she  commenced  leaking 
and  dragged  her  anchors  before  the  hurricane. 
Despite  the  pumps,  the  water  increased  in  the 
hold.  She  continued  to  drift,  and  soon  struck, 
when  her  cables  were  cut,  and  she  went  ashore 
on  a  sandj'  beach.  The  passengers  and  crew 
got  ashore  a  little  before  daylight.  The  goods 
were  wet  and  seriously  damaged.  Captain 
Eoners  was  said  to  have  done  his  full  duty  in 
the  crisis.  The  keel  was  broken  in  two  or  three 
places,  and  the  entire  hull  so  seriously  shattered 
as  to  have  been  rendered  useless  She  had 
been  in  service  a  little  over  three  j-ears. 

Among  the  passengers  on  board  the  Walk- 
in-the-Water  during  her  last  trip,  were  Orlando 
Cutter,  Geortte  Williams  and  John  S.  Strong, 
of  Cleveland.  Mr.  Cutter  stated  that  being 
East  in  the  Fall  of  1821,  he  decided  on  reach- 
ing Black  Rock  to  take  the  Steamboat,  instead 
of  a  Schooner,  as  had  been  his  practice  In 
conii:)any  with  about  70  passengers  (including 
the  other  two  persons  named)  he  went  aboard. 
The  oxen  were  hitched  to  the  craft,  and  in  due 
time  took  it  past  the  rapids  to  the  open  Lake. 
Owing  to  the  severe  gale  prevailing,  Captain 
Eogers  was  compelled  to  put  back,  but  unable 
to  enter  Butfalo  Creek,  anchored  at  its  mouth. 
Being  very  seasick,  Mr.  Cutter  occupied  his 
berth  below.  Mr.  Williams,  in  1885  (then 
probably  the  only  surviving  passenger  of  the 
Walk-in-the-Water),  furnislied  an  account  of 
his  ex])erience  on  the  occasion  referred  to,  in 
which  he  said  : 

The  Walk-in-the-Water  on  that  last  voyage  left 
Black  Rock  in  the  afternoon  of  a  dull,  cloudy  day. 
As  she  cast  off' her  tow-line  and  moved  unaided  into 
the  broad  waters  of  Lake  Erie,  there  was  no  anticipa- 
tion of  the  terrible  gale  we  were  soon  to  encounter. 
The  boat  had  a  full  coujplement  of  passengers,  and  a 
full  cargo  of  goods,  mostly  for  Western  merchants, 
one  of  whom,  Mr,  Palmer,  of  Detroit,  was  on  board 
with  his  bride.  There  was  also  a  company  of  Mis- 
sionaries, several  of  whom  were  ladies,  on  their  way 
to  some  Western  Indian  tribe.  As  the  winds  rose, 
friends  grouped  themselvestogether,  and  as  the  storm 
grew  more  and  more  furious,  there  was  great  terror 
among  them.  The  Missionaries  sang  hymns  and  de- 
voted themselves  to  soothing  the  terrified.  We  lay 
tossed  of  the  tempest,  the  big  seas  sweeping  over  us 
all  the  long  night,    J  ust  as  the  first  gleam  of  daylight 


LAKE  MARINE. 


453 


appeared  our  anchor  began  to  drag.  Captain  Miller 
seeing  the  impossibility,  of  saving  the  .Steamer,  or- 
dered her  beached.  With  skilled  seamanshii)  she 
■was  sent  broadsiile  on.  A  rope  was  stretched  from 
boat  to  beach,  and  the  passengers  were  ferried  to 
shore  in  the  small  boat.  They  reached  it  drenched 
and  exhausted,  but  all  saved. 

In  September,  1885,  the  Magazine  of  West- 
ern History  (Cleveland,  Ohio),  published  an 
article  by  J.  H.  Kennedy,  to  which  the  writer 
is  indebted  for  much  of  the  foi-egoing  fads.  In 
that  connection  was  given  the  following  pic- 
ture of  the  pioneer  Steamboat,  furnished  by  the 
Northern  Ohio  Historical  Society,  wiiich'was 
said  by  those  who  saw  the  ci'aft,  to  be  a  faitli- 
ful  representation  . 


designed  for  the  great  commercial  metropolis 
of  the  Northwest,  and  which  was  given  a  name 
to  correspond  with  such  expectations,  to  wit : 
"Orleans  of  the  North,"  in  contradistinction  to 
New  Orleans  of  the  South.  Tiiere  was  mudi 
about  the  venture  to  atli-act  attcTition,  especial- 
ly at  a  time  of  general  speculalion  such  as  fol- 
lowed the  War.  As  the  head  of  navigation  of 
the  Maumee,  and  the  Western  extremity  of 
Lake  Erie,  the  situation  was  inspiring  oi'liope. 
It  was  in  promotion  of  their  enterprise,  that 
Messrs.  Mclntyre  and  Stewart  built  the  pioneer 
Steamboat  of  the  Lakes.  Unfortunately,  they 
overestimated  the  commercial  advantages  of 
their  site,  since  it  was  found  upon  trial  that  the 
Walk-in-the- Water  would  be  com])elled,  liter- 


THE  WALK-IN-' 

The  history  of  this  Steamboat  is  much  more 
close!}'  allied  to  the  Maumee  Eiver,  than  is 
generally  understood.  In  fact,  it  is  believed  to 
have  been  built  primarily  to  run  between  Buf- 
falo and  the  foot  of  tbe  Maumee  Eapids.  Its 
builders  were  Messr.s.  Mclntyre  and  Stewart, 
of  Albany,  New  York.*  Soon  after  the  close 
of  the  War  of  1812-15.  these  gentlemen  pur- 
chased a  tract  of  land  above  Perrysburg,  which 
included  the  site  of  Fort  Meigs,  and  laid  out  on 
the  Eiver  below  the  Fort,  a  Town,  which  was 


I 


*The  Cleveland  Herald,  in  July,  1853,  said  :  "The 
Walk-in-the-Water,  the  first  Steamboat  on  the  Lakes, 
was  built  at  Buffalo,  in  181S,  for  Dr.  Stewart,  and  was 
named  after  a  Wyandot  t'hief,  who  lived  at  Maguaga, 
on  the  Detroit  River.  Dr.  Stewart  told  IMajor  B.  F. 
Stickney.  of  Toledo,  at  that  time,  that,  including 
what  he  paid  Fulton  and  Livingston  for  their  patent, 
the  boat  cost  him  |70,000." 


THE-WATER. 

ally  to  walk  in  the  water,  if  she  ever  reached 
her  destination,  for  the  reason  that  she  drew 
too  much  water  for  the  bars  between  the  Lake 
and  "  Orleans  of  the  North."  She  got  no  far 
ther  than  the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek,  the  pres- 
ent site  of  Toledo,  where  she  stopped,  thus  un- 
wittingly indicating  the  precise  location  of  the 
Chief  City  of  the  Maumee.  "  Orleans  of  the 
North,"  with  several  other  "Paper  Towns,"  is 
known  onlj'  in  historj-,  and  it  will  be  remem- 
bered chiefly  as  the  place  inaccessible  to  the  first 
Steamboat  on  tlie  Western  Lakes. 

The  circumstances  under  which  steam  navi- 
gation was  compelled  to  force  its  way  to  recog- 
nition and  aeccjitance,  is  inilicated  by  an  ex- 
tract from  a  letter  written  March  2,  1814,  by 
E.  L.  Livingston,  then  a  prominent  man  in 
New  York.     He  said  : 


454 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Governor  Ogden,  of  New  Jersey,  I  suppose,  is  at 
Albany,  endeavoring  to  get  a.  bill  passed  to  enable 
biui  to  run  bis  Steamboat  to  the  dock  in  New  York. 
'Ibe  Legislature  cannot  be  so  corrupt  as  to  pass  tbe 
bill. 

The  explanation  given  of  this,  is,  that  Mr. 
Livingston,  Captain  Eoorbaek  and  others,  of 
New  York,  were  then  building  the  Steamboat 
"  Fire  Fly,"  and  were  jealous  of  appreliended 
eonipotition  from  the  New  Jersej-  craft. 

The  second  Steamboat  on  Lake  Brie  was  the 
Superior,  built  at  Buffalo  in  1822.  She  was  coni- 
mandeti  by  Captain  Jedediah  Eansom,  her  own- 
ers being  the  Lake  Erie  Steamboat  Company, 
whose  headquarters  were  at  Albanj-,  N.  Y., 
J.  S.  Ostrander,  Secretaiy.  June  25,  1822,  tlie 
Superior  started  on  the  fir.st  trip  made  by  a 
Steamboat  to  Mackinaw.  Finding  one  week 
too  little  time  for  a  round  trip  between  Buffalo 
and  Detroit,  it  was  extended  to  nine  days. 
Davis  &  Center  were  the  Buff'alo  agents. 

The  third  Steamboat  on  the  Lakes  was  the 
Pioneer,  Captain  W.  T.  Pease,  of  Black  Bock, 
which  came  out  in  October,  1825,  making  the 
trip  between  Buff'alo  and  Detroit  once  in  nine 
days. 

The  new  steamboat  Niagara,  built  at  Black 
Eock,  first  reached  Detroit  August  10,  1826, 
CajJtain  W.  T.  Pease  commanding.  The  new 
William  Penn,  Captain  J.  F.  Wight,  followed 
August  20th. 

As  early  as  June  12,  1827,  the  Steamboat 
Henrj-  Clay,  Captain  Walter  Norton,  started  on 
a  trip  to  Green  Bay,  then  onl}-  known  as  an 
Indian  agency.  She  stopped  at  Cleveland,  Sau- 
dusk3-,  Detroit,  Fort  Gratiot  and  Miehilimack- 
inac  (Mackinaw).  The  announcement  of  the 
trip  was  as  follows  : 

A  treaty  with  the  Northwestern  tribes  of  Indians 
is  to  be  held  at  Green  Bay  about  the  ISth  or  20th  of 
June,  and  this  trip  of  the  Henry  Clay  (which  is  prin- 
cipally for  the  accomruodation  of  Governor  Cass  and 
other  gentlemen  connected  with  the  treaty,  and  will 
probably  be  the  only  Steamboat  voyage  made  into 
that  region  during  the  present  season)  will  afford  an 
admirable  opportunity  for  gentlemen  wbo  ai'e  desir- 
ous of  visiting  the  Great  Western  Lakes  and  viewing 
the  country  and  its  native  inhabitants,  by  which  they 
are  surrounded.  The  Clay  is  a  boat  of  the  largest 
class  and  mostmo<lern  in  construction,  and  decidedly 
the  best  boat  on  the  Lakes. 

As  far  back  as  1821,  the  Legislature  of  Ohio 
found  itself  called  upon  to  protect  the  rights  of 
citizens  from  an  attempted  monopol}-  of  the 
waters  of  Lake  Erie  within  the  State  of  New 
York.  It  seems  that  Eobert  L.  Livingston  and 
Eobert  Fulton  had  been  granted  by  New  Y'ork 
the  exclusive  right  of  navigation  in  such  watei-s 
bj'  steam  power,  and  under  such  grant  sought 
to  levy  contributions  upon  all  Steamboats  nav- 
igating such  waters,  and  especially  those  from 
other  States.  To  meet  this  action,  the  Ohio 
Legislature  passed  an  act  prohibiting  any  boat 
or  water  craft  from  receiving  or  landing  pas- 


sengers firom  Steamboats.  The  force  of  this 
provision  is  seen  in  the  fact  that  at  that  time, 
there  being  no  improved  harbors  on  Lake  Erie, 
Steamboats  and  other  larger  crafts  were  com- 
pelled to  employ  small  boats  to  land  passen- 
gers and  freight.  The  State  could  not  prevent 
the  navigation  of  the  waters  of  the  Lake  by 
New  York  Steamboats,  but  it  could,  or,  at  least, 
undertook  to  prevent  the  use  of  the  means 
named  for  aiding  such  to  reach  the  shore. 
Connecticut  passed  a  retaliatory  law  similar  to 
that  of  Ohio. 

The  "Lake  Erie  Steamboat  Line"  was  or- 
ganized in  1827,  and  consisted  of  the  Superior 
(second  Steamer  on  the  Lakes),  theHenrj-  Clay, 
the  Niagara  and  the  William  Penn.  They 
made  tri-weekl^-  tri])s  between  Buffalo  and  De- 
troit, stopping  at  intermediate  ports.  The  cost 
of  transportation  of  merchandise  from  New 
York  to  Cincinnati,  via  Sandusky,  in  October, 
1827,  was  as  follows  : 

New  Y'ork  to  Sandusky  (9  da3's),  per  100  lbs.,  fl.lS ; 
Sandusky  to  Cincinnati  (14  days,  by  wagon),  $2.00  ; 
total,  f3.'l8.  The  current  rate 'from"  Philadelphia  to 
Cincinnati  was  |5.00  per  100  lbs.,  with  greater  time. 

The  Cincinnati  Tiller  then  stated  it  to  be 
cheajier  to  bring  goods  from  Philadelphia  to 
Cincinnati  via  New  York  and  Sandusky. 

In  1838  the  following  named  Steamboats  con- 
stituted the  principal  line  on  Lake  Erie,  to  wit : 

The  Wisconsin,  Captain  G.  F.  Powers ;  the  Con- 
stitution, Captain  Gil.  Appleby  ;  the  Anthony 
Wayne,  Captain  Amos  Pratt ;  the  b.  H.  Perry,  Cap- 
tain David  Wilkison;  the  t'olumbus.  Captain  Augus- 
tus Walker;   and  the  Vermillion  and  Rhode  Island. 

The  Upper  Lake  boats  were  the  James  Madison, 
Captain  R.  C.  Bristol ;  the  Thos.  Jefferson,  Captain 
Tom  Wilkins;  and  two  new  boats  building  at  Buffalo 
and  Huron.  The  proprietors  and  agents  of  this  line 
were  :  Barnard,  Card  &  Prosser,  New  Y'ork  ;  Noyes, 
Tomlinsou  &  Hubby,  Albany  ;  Northrup  &  Pease, 
Rochester ;  Gelston  &  Evans,  Buffalo  ;  Petrie  &  Rood, 
Cleveland  ;  Wickham,  Walker  &  Co..  Huron  ;  Barber 
&  Barney.  Sandusky;  Chase,  Sill  &  Co.,  Manhattan; 
Palmer,  Bush  ct  Co.,  Toledo ;  Bingham  &  Furey,  Mau- 
mee  City  ;  J.  HoUister  &  Co.,  Perry.sburg  ;  Gray,  Gal- 
lagher &  Co.,  Detroit ;  Ballard,  Edmunds  ct  Co.,  Ypsi- 
lanti ;  H.  C.  Holbrook,  Michigan  City  ;  Britain,  San- 
ger! &  Co.,  St.  Joseph,  Mich.;  J.  Y'.  Sanger  &  Co., 
South  Bend,  Ind. 

The  Blade  of  January  31,  1838,  said  : 

A  comparison  of  the  number  of  arrivals  at  our 
wharves  in  1S.36  and  1837,  will  show  an  increased 
measure  of  prosperity  during  the  past  year.  In  1836 
the  nimiber  of  arrivals,  exclusive  of  small  Steamboats 
that  ply  daily  between  this  place  and  Detroit  was  601, 
as  follows  :  Steamboats,  ooO  ;  and  271  schooners.  In 
1S37,  excluding  the  small  boats  again  from  the  compu- 
tation,tbe  number  was  059  ;  of  which  7-56  were  Steam- 
boats and  203  Schooners.  Of  the  Steamboat  arrivals, 
270  were  from  Buffalo  direct,  401  from  Buffalo  via 
Detroit,  and  85  direct  from  Cleveland.  When  it  is 
recollected  that  Toledo  dates  her  existence  from  June, 
1834,  we  think  we  may  safelj- .state,  without  arro- 
gance or  boasting,  that  no  point  in  the  West  can 
show  a  like  rajMd  increase  in  her  commerce. 


LAKE  MARINE. 


455 


Consolidation  and  combination  were  early 
known  to  Lake  navigation.  Tiie  "Consolida- 
tion Steamboat  Company  "  existed  in  1839,  and 
sought  to  protect  the  owners  of  Steamboats  on 
theLakes  from  the  effects  of  competition,  by 
fixing  prices,  which  were  as  follows  : 

Passenger  rates  from  Buffalo  to  Cleveland  — Cabin, 
$6.00;  steerage,  $2.50.  To  Detroit— Cabin,  $8.00; 
steerage,  $3.00. 

Freight  rates  from  Buffalo  to  Chicago— Li";ht,  87i.,'c. 
per  100  lbs.;  heavy,  Ol'io'c-;  barrel  bulk,  $1.50.  To 
Silver  Creek,  Dunkirk  ami  Barcelona,  25c.  to  35c. 
To  Erie,  Grand  River  and  Cleveland,  27c.  to  40c.  To 
ports  West  of  Cleveland,  .30c.  to  46c. 

A  daily  line  of  Steamboats  between  Buffalo 
and  Toledo,  consisting  of  the  Erie,  Cleveland, 
Buffalo,  Constellation  and  Columbus,  was  estab- 
lished at  that  time. 

The  Blade  of  July  17,  1839,  stated  that  pas- 
SPingers  then  "traveled  the  entire  distance 
from  Toledo  to  New  York  in  three  days  and 
15  hours,"  as  follows  : 

Toledo  to  Buffalo  (Steamboat) 39  hours 

Buffalo  to  Rochester  (stage  and  railroad)---    9      '• 

Rochester  to  Auburn  (stage) 8      " 

Auburn  to  Albany   (railroad) 12      " 

Albany  to  New  York  (steamboat) 10      " 

Delays  between  Buffalo  and  New  York) 9      " 

Total 87  hours 

"One  could  hardly  wish,"  says  the  Editor, 
"to  travel  775  miles  in  a  less  period."  The 
trip  lias  since  been  made  in  less  than  20  hours, 
or  not  one-fourth  of  the  time  of  1839. 

In  June,  1839,  the  Steamboat  Illinois  made 
the  "  quick  trip  "  of  a  passage  from  Chicago  to 
Buffalo  (1,047  miles)  in  60  hours,  or  17i  miles 
per  hour.  The  "  quick  passage  "  between  Buf- 
falo and  Detroit  (300  miles)  of  21^  hours  is 
noted  in  Jtme,  1839. 

The  following  were  the  rates  for  passage  and 
freight  on  Lake  Erie  for  the  3  ear  1840,  to  wit: 

Buffalo  to                    Cabin.  Steerage.  Horses,  &c. 

Dunkirk  $2.00  $1.50  $2.00 

Cleveland-  6.00  2..50  5.00 

Sandusky 7.00  3,00  6.00 

Toledo  and  Detroit..  8.00  3.00  6.00 

FREIGHTS. 

Heavy.  Light.  Bbl.  Bulk. 

Dunkirk  (per  100  lbs.) 2,5c.  3.5c.  3Sc. 

Cleveland 27  40  50 

Sandusky,  Toledo  and  Detroit,  30  40  50 

DOWN    FREIGHTS. 

Flour  per  barrel,  20c,;  Provisions,  10c. ;  Ashes, 
20c.;   Wool  and  Peltries,  25c. 

Bituminous  Coal,  as  fuel,  was  first  used  on 
the  Lakes  about  1840,  previous  to  which  time 
wood  had  been  the  sole  reliance.  During  the 
winter  of  1840-41,  a  number  of  Steamboats 
were  so  altered  as  to  enable  them  to  use  coal, 
which  was  found  to  be  less  expensive.  Among 
such  steamers  was  the  Bunker  Hill,  which 
made    four  revolutions   of  its  engine  more  per 


minute  than  had  been  reached  with  wood. 
The  supplj-  of  coal  was  wholly  from  Western 
Pennsylvania,  where  a  good  article  had  then 
recently  been  found,  which  was  delivered  at 
Erie  and  sold  for  S3.00  per  ton. 

Under  the  arrangements  made  by  the  Steam- 
boat Combination  in  1845,  the  same  steamers 
were  made  to  supply  both  Toledo  and  Monroe, 
a  condition  of  things  b}'  no  means  satistactoiy 
to  the  people  of  the  former  City.  A  public 
meeting  was  held  June  9lh,  of  which  Mavor 
Brigham  was  President,  V.  H.  Ketcham  and 
Henry  Bennett,  Vice  Presidents ;  and  Decius 
Wadsworth  and  S.  R.  Scott,  Secretaries;  when 
it  was  declared  that  such  arrangement  was 
"highlj-  prejudicial  to  our  business  and  inter- 
ests as  citizens,  and  unjustlj-  oppressive  upon 
the  traveling  public,  and  causing  a  delay  in 
most  cases  of  24  hours  in  the  transmission  of 
the  mails."  As  the  most  ready  and  certain 
mode  of  relief  from  such  wrong,  the  meeting 
"  requested  and  instructed  the  City  Council  " 
to  appropriate  such  sum  as  might  be  neces- 
sary— not  to  exceed  §10,000 — to  be  used  by  the 
Mayor  in  securing  the  control  of  the  Steam- 
boat Indiana,  to  run  directly  between  Toledo 
and  Buffalo,  in  opposition  to  the  combination 
line,  unless  the  existing  grievance  be  removed. 
It  is  understood  that  this  plan  was  not  success- 
ful. The  Indiana  was  controlled  bj-  Buffalo 
jjarties,  prominent  among  whom  was  D.  O. 
Mills,  a  3'oung  man  then  in  business  at  that 
point;  since  a  successful  operator  in  California 
mining  stock;  and  now  a  resident  of  New 
York  City.  The  Indiana  continued  to  run  to 
Toledo,  but  as  a  "  Combination  "  Boat,  and 
was  commanded  by  Captain  C.  C.  Rob}',  who, 
with  his  family,  was  lost  by  the  burning  of  the 
Steamer  Griflith,  near  Cleveland,  in  1850,  then 
under  his  command. 

The  Toledo  and  Buffalo  Steamboat  line  in 
May,  1846,  was  constituted  as  follows  :  The 
Troy,  Capt.  S.  F.  Atwood;  the  Indiana,  Capt. 
I.  T.  Pheatt;  the  Clinton,  Capt.  Hart;  the 
Harrison,  Capt.  Parker;  the  Wayne,  Capt.  A. 
D.  Perkins  ;  and  the  Franklin,  Capt.  Edmonds. 

The  following  was  given  in  1843,  upon  cred- 
ible authority,  as  a  full  list  of  Steamboats  built 
on  the  Lakes  up  to  1843,  with  the  dates  and 
places  of  construction,  to  wit: 


Name, 

Tons. 

Btiilt  at. 

Date. 

Walk-in-the- Water  - .. 
Superior  . 

340 
300 
100 
348 
230 
180 
270 

Black  Rock 

Buffalo   . 

1818 
1822 

Chippewa 

Henrv  Clav 

(1 

1824 

Black  Rock 

Erie  .  .  _ 

1825 

1825 

Niagara  .     .  .     . 

1826 

Wm.  Penn        ..     _  . 

1826 

Enterprise 

250 

Clpvelnnd 

1826 

Peacock 

120  1  Barcelona 

1829 

Newbury  port    ... 

75 
242 

Erie.  . 

1829 

Sheldon  Thompson  _. 

Huron 

18:i0 

466 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


yame. 


Ton3. 


Ohio 

Adelaide 

Gratiot    

Pennsylvania 

New  York 

Gen.  Brady 

Uncle  Sam 

Perseverance 

Washington  (1st) 

Miclii,gan 

llaniel  Webster 

Detroit 

Lady  of  Lake 

Gov".  Marcy 

North  America 

Oliver  Newberry 

Delaware 

Victory  

Com.  Porter 

Thos.  Jefferson 

Com.  Perry 

Monroe 

Mazeppa 

Sandusky 

Minessetunks   

Gen.  .Jackson 

Jack  Downing 

Little  Western 

Robert  Fulton 

Columbus 

Townsend 

United  States 

Chicago 

Taylor 

Thames 

DeWitt  Clinton 

Julia  Palmer 

Little  Erie 

Parcelona 

United 

St.  Clair 

Don  Quixotte 

Dave  Crockett 

Cincinnati   

Illinois 

Rochester 

Madison   

Cleveland 

Wisconsin    

Erie  

Constellation 

Bunker  Hill 

Constitution 

New  England 

Milwaukee   

Gen.  Wayne.- 

Macomb   

Star 

Commerce  

Mason  

Great  Western 

Buflalo 

Chesapeake  

Vermillion 

Lexington 

Fairjiort 

Red  Jacket 

Gov.  Vance 

James  Allen 

Washington  (2d)    

Dole 

Trowbridge 

John  Marshal 

Owashenonk 


187 

230 

03 

395 

325 

100 

280 

50 

609 

472 

358 

240 

26 

161 

362 

170 

170 

70 

342 

428 

352 

341 

130 

377 

250 

50 

80 

60 

368 

391 

312 

366 

186 

95 

160 

413 

300 

149 

132 

37 

250 

80 

18 

116 

755 

472 

630 

580 

700 

497 

483 

457 

443 

416 

410 

300 

110 

128 

80 

53 

780 

618 

412 

385 

363 

259 

148 

75 

250 

380 

162 

52 

51 

45 


Built  at 


Fremont 

Chippewa 

Charleston  .  .. 

Erie  

Black  Rock._ 

Detroit 

Grosse  Isle    - 

Erie  

Huron 

Detroit 

Black  Rock  . .. 

Toledo 

Mt.  f:leraens. 
Black  Rock__ 
Conneaut  ... 

Palmer  

Huron 

Buflalo   

Black  Rock-. 

Erie  . - 

Perrysburg  .  _ 

Monroe 

Buflalo    

Sandusky 

Goodrich 

Mt.  Clemens- 
Sandusky  — 

Chatham    

Cleveland  — 
Huron  ._   ... 

Buff"alo 

Huron 

St.  Joseph 

Silver  Creek. 

Chatham 

Huron 

Buffalo   

Detroit 

Dunville 

Detroit 

Sandusky  — 

Toledo    

Brunersburg- 
Sandusky  __  , 

Detroit 

Richmond   .. 

Erie     

Huron 

Conneaut 

Erie 

Charleston  .. 


Conneaut 

Black  Rock 

Grand  Island 

Perrysburg 

Mt.  Clemens 

Belvidere 

Sandusky  

Grand  Rapids 

Huron 

Buflalo 

Maumee  City 

Vermillion 

Charleston  

Fairport 

.Grand  Island 

Perrysburg 

Chicago 

Ashtabula 

Chicago 

Kalamazoo 

Perrysburg 

Grand  Haven 


Sate. 


1830 

1830 

1831 

1832 

1832 

1832 

1832 

1832 

1833 

1833 

1833 

1833 

1833 

1833 

1833 

1833 

1833 

1834 

1834 

1834 

1834 

1834 

1834 

1834 

1834 

1834 

1834 

1834 

1835 

1835 

1835 

1835 

1835 

1835 

1835 

1836 

1836 

1836 

1836 

1836 

1836 

1836 

1836 

1836 

1837 

1837 

1837 

1837 

1837 

1837 

1837 

1837 

1837 

1837 

1837 

1837 

18.37 

1837 

1837 

1837 

1838 

1838 

1838 

1838 

1838 

1838 

1838 

1838 

1838 

18.38 

1838 

1838 

1838 

1838 


Name. 

Tons. 

Muitt  at 

Date. 

Patronage 

56 
210 
161 
150 
180 
140 

63 
612 
326 

98 
400 
534 
231 
600 

64 

46 

St.  Joseph 

Huron  .  . 

1838 

1839 

Chatauqua — 

Brothers 

Bufi^alo 

Chatham 

Newport  . .   - 

1839 
1839 
18.39 

1839 

Harrison  (Ist) 

Erie 

Vermillion 

Maumee.     _  _.     _ 

1839 
1840 

Harrison  (2d) 

Waterloo 

1840 

Black  Rock 

Chippewa 

Toledo 

Alginac 

1840 

Minos 

Indiana           

1840 
1841 

1842 

Nile 

Detroit       ..     

1843 

Union 

Black  Rock 

Charleston,  S.  C. 

1843 

In  his  letters  to  the  Albany  Evening  Journal, 
in  connection  with  the  Chicago  Harbor  Con- 
vention of  July,  1847,  Thurlow  Weed  gave 
some  particulars  of  life  on  board  the  Lake 
Steamers  of  that  time.  The  passengers  break- 
fasted "  as  at  the  Astor  House "  (then  high 
water  mark  in  hotel  life),  whenever  they  pleased 
between  7  and  11  A.  m.  Had  lunch  at  12  ; 
dined  at  2  ;  tea  at  7 ;  and  supper  at  10  p.  m. 
The  Steamer  on  which  Mr.  Weed  made  the  trip 
to  and  from  Chicago,  was  the  St.  Louis,  Capt. 
Fred.  Wheeler,  and  he  gives  a  list  of  "  stores  " 
consumed  on  the  trip  (as  taken  from  the  Stew- 
ard's bills),  which  was  as  follows: 


16  quarters  fresh  Beef. 

22  Lambs, 

11  Sheep, 
9  Calves, 

18  Pigs, 
600  Chickens, 
5  dozen  Turkeys, 

40  Hams, 
128  live  Lobsters, 
450  lbs.  Bass,  Trout,  etc., 
150  lbs.  Halibut, 

60  Beef  Tongues, 
125  Sweetbreads, 
800  dozen  Eggs, 

30  dozen  Ale, 

24  baskets  Champagne, 
9  dozen  Port, 

18      '■     Congress- Water, 
7  boxes  Lemons, 
4,000  Cigars, 


3  bbls.  Corned  Beef, 
2     "  "        Pork, 

15  boxes  Soda  Biscuit. 

4  barrels  Crackers, 
4  large  Cheeses, 

12  kegs  Pickled  Oysters, 
12  kegs  Pickled  Lobsters, 

6  barrels  Flour, 

2      "       Indian  Meal. 
20      "      Apples, 

1  "      Mackerel, 
8  boxes  Raisins, 

6      "     Oranges, 
45  dozen  Soda. 

16  '■      Porter, 
16      "     Maderia, 
15      "     Claret, 
14      "     Cider, 

2  barrels  Crushed  Sugar, 
6  wheelbarrow    loads    of 

Mackinaw    Trout,    White 
Fish,  etc.,  etc. 


The  Steamboat  Chesepeake  came  into  col- 
lision with  the  Schooner  John  Porter,  four  or 
five  miles  off  Conneaut,  Ohio,  at  12:30  a.  m., 
June  10,  1847,  when  both  cralts  sunk.  Seven 
lives  were  lost — four  passengers  (George  Van 
Doren,  Fremont,  Ohio;  E.  Cone,  Bellevue, 
Ohio  ;  S.  Yerk  of  Tiffin,  and  Mrs.  Hock,  Water- 
town,  N.  Y.),  and  three  of  the  crew.  Among 
the  55  passengers  saved,  were  W.  E.  Hojt,  then 

*  Rebuilt  at  Ogdensburg,  N.  Y.;  was  employed  on 
the  Hudson  River ;  passed  by  Canal  to  Buffalo,  and 
was  the  Steamer  burned  by  the  British  authorities  at 
Schlosser,  December  29,  1837. 


LAKE  MARINE. 


457 


of  Norwalk,  and  now  (1887)  of  Toledo;  Chaun- 
cy  Dwightand  Miss  A.  Dwiujht,  of  Monroeville; 
Eobert  M.  Shoemaker,  of  Republic,  Ohio  (died 
in  Florida  in  1885);  and  A.  M.  Stem,  Green 
Springs,  Seneca  County.  One  of  the  earliest 
sailors  in  this  portion  of  the  Lakes  was  Captain 
S.  F.  Atwood.  Commencing  in  183U,  he  com- 
manded 17  different  Steamboats,  to  wit:  The 
Argo,  Gen.  Jackson,  Gen.  Brady,  Lady  of  the 
Lake,  Oliver  Newberry,  McComb,  James  Mon- 
roe, Gen.  Harrison,  Fulton,  Troy,  Arrow,  De- 
Witt  Clinton,  John  Owen,  Ariel,  Bay  Cit}', 
Dart,  T.  Whitney  and  Philo  Parsons.  During 
all  these  years,  but  four  lives  were  lost  from 
boats  under  his  command.  Captain  Atwood's 
face  was  among  the  most  familiar  of  the  Lake 
sailors  in  Toledo,  having  been  largely  in  the 
Detroit  trade. 

The  Steamboats  Western  Metropolis  and 
City  of  Buffalo,  in  1857,  made  the  trij)  from  To- 
ledo to  Buffalo  in  13j  hours,  being  20  miles  per 
hour,  against  Eailroad  time  of  24  miles  per 
hour. 

The  American  Transportation  Company  was  com- 
posed of  the  Swiftsure  and  Railroad  Lines  of  Tow- 
Boats  on  lludsun  River,  in  connection  witli  the  Mo- 
hawk and  Hudson  Railway  (Albany  to  Schenectady), 
the  Pilot,  Traders,  Erie  and  Ohio,  and  Eagle  Lines, 
on  the  Erie  Canal  ;  the  Eagle  Line  of  bteamboats 
and  Sail  Vessels  on  the  Lakes;  and  the  American 
Transportation  Line  on  the  Ohio  Canal.  The  owners 
and  Agents  were  : 

A.  Van  Santvoord.  P.  Grandin,  E.  D.  Robinson 
and  D.  P.  Parker,  New  York  ;  C.  Robinson,  H.  Niles, 
and  Wm.  B.  Knox,  Albany;  S.  Hard  &  Co.,  >Sche- 
nectady  ;  Treat  &  Carter,  Buffalo  ;  H.  Wright  &  to., 
Rochester ;  Scott  &  Carter,  Cleveland  ;  Forsyth  & 
Hazard,  Maiimee  City  ;  Mead,  Kellogg  &  Co.,  Detroit. 
In  1S3S,  James  Wolcott  &  Co  (J.  Wolcott,  A.  J. 
Hackley  and  James  Howe)  were  Agents  at  Maumee 
City  for  the  following  Erie  Canal  Lines:  The  Na- 
tional Line  ;  the  New  York  and  Bufi'alo,  and  Utica 
and  Buflalo  Lines ;  the  Oswego  Line  (via  Oswego 
and  Welland  Canals) ;  and  the  l^ake  and  River  Line, 
via  Oswego  and  Welland  Canals. 

In  the  Spring  of  1841,  there  were  50  Steam- 
boats on  the  Lakes.  Of  these,  20  constituted 
four  regular  lines  running  out  of  Buffalo,  as 
follows  : 

To  Chicago — The  Illinois,  Great  Western,  Madi- 
son, Missouri,  Wisconsin  and  Rochester.  To  Detroit — 
The  Cleveland,  Erie,  Buffalo,  Constellation,  New 
England,  and  Bunker  Hill.  To  Toledo — The  Consti- 
tution, Wayne,  Fulton,  Clinton,  Perry  and  Ver- 
million. Beside  these,  the  Chautauqua  and  Fairport 
ran  to  Erie. 

The  Steamboat  Toledo  was  launched  at 
Toledo,  August  16,  1841.  She  was  built  by 
Captains  Church  and  Keating.  A  marked 
peculiarity  of  the  case,  was  the  fact  that  in- 
toxicating liquors  were  excluded  from  the  yard 
and  shops  during  the  construction  of  the  Boat. 
The  consequence  was,  that  the  emploj'ees  at  all 
times  conducted  themselves  with  "the  utmost 
order  and  decorum,"  and  won  the  special  re- 
spect of  the  community. 

30 


A  "  Steamboat  Combination  "  was  formed 
by  seven  Boats  constituting  the  Buffalo  and 
Toledo  daily  line  in  1842,  to  wit:  The  Gen. 
Wayne,  Benj.  Franklin,  Jiochester,  Gen.  Har- 
rison, Gen.  Scott,  Kobert  Fulton  and  Com. 
Perry.  The  rates  of  fare  (19  per  cent,  less 
than  1841)  were  as  follows  :  From  Buffalo  to 
Cleveland— cabin,  14.50  ;  dock,  $2.50  ;  to  Toledo 
and  Detroit,  16.50  and  $3.00;  Mackinaw, 
$16.00  and  $8.00  ;  Milwaukee  and  Chicago, 
$18.00  and  $10.00. 

The  Steamboat  Lidiana,  Captain  I.  T.  Pheatt, 
went  first  into  service  in  June,  1842.  She  was 
of  600  tons;  length  of  deck,  177  feet;  breadth 
of  beam,  26  feet.  She  came  to  be  one  of  the 
most  popular  Boats  on  the  Lakes. 

The  first  Propeller  run  on  Lake  Erie  was 
built  at  Buffalo  by  Bidwell,  Banta  &  Co.  for 
Messrs.  Hollister  of  that  City.  Its  consort, 
the  Sampson,  was  built  the  same  season,  at 
Perrysburg,  as  was  the  Emigrant,  at  Cleve- 
land. It  was  said  that  the  last  two  cleared  tiie 
entire  cost  of  construction  during  that  and  the 
succeeding  year  (1844).  With  its  name  changed 
to  Hercules,  the  Emigrant  was  still  in  service 
as  late  as  1862,  when  she  was  owned  at  Detroit 
and  emploj-ed  in  the  Toledo  and  Lake  Huron 
trade. 

In  1852,  the  Toledo  and  Buffalo  line  of 
Steamers,  running  in  connection  with  the 
Michigan  Southern  and  Northern  Indiana 
Eailroad,  began  the  use  of  anthracite  coal, 
which  is  said  to  have  been  the  introduction  of 
that  article  for  fuel  on  the  Lakes. 

The  first  Atlantic  Steamer  at  Toledo,  was 
the  Free  Trader,  which  arrived  from  Montreal 
Ma}'  19,  1848,  having  been  nine  days  on  the 
waj-.  She  stopjjed  at  Hamilton,  Port  Stanley 
and  Cleveland,  and  her  sailing  time  was  six 
days.  Her  stowage  capacity  was  3,500  barrels 
of  Flour,  and  was  propelled  by  a  low  pressure 
engine  of  75-horse  power,  at  about  12  miles  per 
hour.  She  was  built  expressly  for  the  Lake 
and  Atlantic  trade,  and  owned  by  Hooker, 
Horton  &  Co.,  Montreal.  It  was  calculated 
that  Flour  could  be  taken  from  Toledo  to  Mon- 
treal for  45  cents  per  barrel ;  Wheat  for  10 
cents;  and  heavy  freights  for  $4.50  per  ton. 
Tolls  on  the  Welland  and  St.  Lawrence  Canals 
were  then  10  cents  for  Flour,  and  3J|  cents  for 
Wheat. 

The  first  iron  Propeller  emplojed  on  the 
Lakes,  was  built  in  1862,  at  Buffalo,  by  David 
Bell,  for  E.  T.  Evans.  She  was  200  feet  over 
all,  29  feet  beam, and  14  feet  deep;  engine,  low 
pressure,  40-inch  bore,  36-inch  stroke;  boiler, 
nine  feet  diameter  and  18  long,  wheel,  10  feet 
diameter;  cost,  $68,000  —  engine  and  boiler 
costing  $14,000. 

In  July,  1862,  Smith  &  Rogers  completed  for 
J.  Adam  Grauff  a  new  Steamer  lor  pleasure 
uses.  The  hull  was  26  feet  in  length,  six  feet 
wide,  and  two  feet  deep.  The  engine  was  of 
two-horse  power,  with  throe-inch  bore  and  5^ 


458 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


inch  stroke.  The  boiler,  built  by  Hotzman  & 
Co.  of  Toledo,  was  five  feet  in  length,  made  in 
tiie  form  of  first-class  Steamboat  boilers,  and 
capable  of  propelling  the  craft  at  the  rate  of 
eight  miles  per  hour.  It  was  named  Dodd  I. 
Kins:,  after  a  son  of  Charles  A.  King,  Toledo. 

The  New  York  Central  Propeller  Line 
(Butfalo  and  Toledo)  was  composed  as  follows, 
in  the  Spring  of  1863  :  Toledo,  Capt.  Thomas 
Watts  ;  Marquette,  Capt.  Harry  Watts ;  Equi- 
nox, Capt.  James  F.  Snow ;  Eclipse,  Capt. 
Thomas  Crosby;  Equator,  Capt.  J.  G.  Hinde ; 
Cuyahoga,  Capt.  Eelley;  Orontes,  Capt.  Neil 
Carney  ;  Arexes,  Capt.  John  Parsons.  Alfred 
Chesebrough  was  then  the  Agent  of  the  Cen- 
tral Eoad,  and  John  B.  Carson  of  the  Propeller 
Line. 

The  Erie  Eailway  Steamboat  line  between 
Bufi"alo  and  Toledo  in  1864,  included  the  fol- 
lowing Boats:  AYabash,  Capt.  John  Kirby  ; 
Passaic,  Capt.  James  S.  Mitchell  ;  Canisteo, 
Capt.  Geo.  Blackman  ;  New  York,  Capt.  H.  A. 
Sisson;  Acme,  Capt.  J.  W.  Hathaway  ;  Elmira, 
Capt.  Wm.  Thorne  ;  Pittsburgh,  Capt.  Simon 
Monro.  S.  D.  Caldwell  was  the  manager  of 
the  line;  Washington  Bullard,  the  Toledo 
Agent;  and  Alonzo  Godard  the  Toledo  Con- 
signee. 

From  1827  to  1864,  the  earliest  opening  of 
Buffalo  harbor  was  March  7,  1842,  and  the 
latest  Majr  16,  1837,  the  average  being  about 
April  15th. 

The  Propeller  Phcenix  was  burned  in  Lake 
Michigan,  17  miles  fi-om  Sheboygan,  November 
21,  1847,  with  loss  of  200  lives,  of  whom  150 
were  Hollanders.  It  was  the  most  serious 
event  of  the  kind  that  then  had  occurred.  The 
Propeller  was  owned  by  Pease  &  Allen,  Buffalo. 
Among  the  lost  was  the  Second  Engineer,  W. 
Owen,  of  Toledo. 

Up  to  July,  1838,  there  had  been  on  Lake 
Erie  Steamboat  accidents,  endangering  human 
life,  as  follows :  That  of  the  Walk-iu-the- 
Water,  near  Buffalo,  1822 — no  lives  lost.  The 
(first)  Washington,  at  Point  Albino,  Canada, 
1833 — no  lives  lost.  The  Pioneer,  on  Lake 
Michigan,  1834 — no  lives  lost.  Second  Wash- 
ington, June,  1833,  burned,  with  loss  of  20  to  30 
lives.  Beside  these  casualties,  boilers  exploded 
on  the  William  Peacock,  with  loss  of  eight  or 
10  lives,  and  on  the  Com.  Perry,  with  lo.ss  of 
one  life. 

Within  three  years,  ended  July,  1860,  five 
Brigs,  40  Schooners,  10  Barques  and  eight 
Tugs  were  taken  from  the  Lakes  for  use  on  the 
Atlantic,  in  consequence  of  the  extreme  depres- 
sion of  trade  here. 

The  Lake  traffic,  since  soon  afler  the  opening 
of  the  lines  of  Eailway  along  the  Southern 
shore  of  Lake  Erie  and  through  Canada,  has 
been  undergoing  change,  both  in  modes  and 
extent.  For  some  years,  those  interested 
in  the  water  route  felt  much  confidence  that 
the  chief  traffic   of  the    new  rival  would   be 


transporting  during  the  Winter  season  more 
or  less  of  freight  which  otherwise  would 
await  the  ojDening  of  navigation,  there  being 
no  serious  apjirehension  of  competition  while 
the  water  course  was  open.  This  view  was 
favoi'ed  by  the  lack  of  facilities  with  the 
Eailway  to  dispose  of  the  traffic.  But  as  these 
were  increased  and  new  lines  opened,  the  water 
route  gradually  came  to  realize  that  it  iiad 
something  substantial  to  compete  with  in  its 
new  rival.  The  Steamboats  wei-e  first  to  suffer 
in  the  loss  of  their  best  traffic — that  of  passen- 
gers— which  early  began  to  seek  the  more 
rapid  transit.  Ere  long,  propellers  were  em- 
ployed, with  double  purpose  of  accommodating 
the  limited  travel  and  providing  for  the  growing 
grain  trade  and  Westward-bound  freights.  For 
many  years,  these  were  maintained  with  more 
or  less  success ;  but  the  advance  of  the  land 
competitor  was  unabated,  and  in  time  the  pro- 
peller gradually  yielded  its  gi'ound,  as  had  done 
the  side-wheeler  and  tiie  sail.  Meantime,  steam 
was  employed  to  considerable  extent  in  the 
movement  of  Barges,  though  these  were  chiefly 
employed  West  of  Buftalo,  and  largely  between 
Lake  Erie  and  Lakes  Huron  and  Superior,  in 
trafiic  not  accessible  by  rail  competition. 


1862. 

1886. 

Michigan  Southern  R.  R 

Wabash  R  R. 

2,850,694 
2,565,958 
1,277,006 
3,007,204 
1,467 
125,000 

Davton  &  Michigan  R.  R 

Canal 

Lake 

230,311 
182,000 

Teams 

Tol.,  St.  L.  &  Kan.  C.  R.  R. 

Tol.,  Ann  Arbor  &  N.  M.  R.  R. 

300,000 
441,049 
204,810 

Tol.  &  Ohio  Central  R.  R 

186,643 

316,000 

Michigan  Central  R.  R 

79,200 

Col.,  H.  V.  &  Tol.  R.  R 

Wheeling  &  L.  E.  R.  R 

473,840 
9,810 

Tol.,  Col.  &  Southern  R.  R. 

44,500 

Michigan  &  Ohio  R.  R., 

225,491 

Totals 

9,827,629 

10,717,145 

1862. 

1886. 

Lake ... 

9,384,774 

17,553 

204,480 

3,313,001 

Cleve.  &  Toledo  R.  R.  . 

Manufactured  here  .     

1,691,601 
1,500,000 

Michigan  Central  R.  R 

2,350,570 

Wabash  R.  R 

225.000 

Davton  &  Michigan  R.  R  _ 

350,000 

Pennsylvania  R.  R 

840,000 

Toledo  &  Ohio  R.  R. 

100,000 

Col.,  H.  V.  &  Tol.  R.  R 

350,000 

Wheeling  &  L.  E.  R.  R 

Tol.,  Ann  Arbor  &  N.  M.  R.  R 

325,000 
50,000 

Tol.,  Col.  &  Southern  R.  R 

2,000 

Canal .          _ 

30,600 

Totals 

9,606,807 

11,127,772 

LAKE  MARINE. 


459 


It  is  here  seen  that  in  1862,  the  Canal  brought 
over  30  per  cent,  of  the  Wheat  supply  ;  where- 
as, in  1886,  its  delivery  was  less  than  2  per  cent. 
The  proportions  of  disposal  in  1862  were,  by 
Lake,  97  per  cent.,  and  bj-  rail,  one-sixth  of  1 
per  cent.  The  proportions  in  the  case  of  Flour 
are  also  marked.  In  1862,  the  Lake  took  61 
per  cent.;  while  in  1886,  less  than  one-half  of  1 
per  cent,  went  by  that  i-oute. 

These  figures  indicate  something  of  the  state 
of  the  contest  between  rail  and  water  in  this 
section  at  the  close  of  the  season  of  1886.     The 


condition  and  prospect  were  not  hopeful  for 
"  nature's  highway."  The  traffic  for  1887  has 
been  much  more  favorable  to  the  Lake  route, 
freights  and  prices  being  more  favorable.  This, 
however,  is  not  due  so  much  to  a  recovery  of 
the  breadstuff's  traffic,  as  to  large  increase  in 
other  classes  of  freights,  of  which  coal  for  the 
Northwest  is  an  important  item. 

An  eff'ort  is  now  being  made  to  secure  a  line 
of  Propellers  between  Toledo  and  Buff'alo,  of 
which  none  has  existed  for  some  time. 


CHAPTER    XI. 


HAEBOE   IMPEOVEMENTS. 


THE  matter  of  the  navigation  facilities  of  tlie 
Maumee  River,  early  became  atopic  of  dis- 
cussion and  dispute  between  the  rival  Towns 
on  its  banks.  This  issue  lay  chiefly  with  the 
Towns  at  the  foot  of  the  Rapids  (Perrysburg 
and  Maumee),  and  Toledo  and  Manhattan  ; 
while  for  a  time,  the  champions  of  Marengo 
claimed  for  that  point  a  combination  of  the  ad- 
vantages of  all  other  points.  The  Perrysburg 
Miami  of  the  Lake,  in  June,  1834,  had  this 
statement  of  the  case  : 

Our  River.— As  there  are  mistakes  and  misstate- 
ments, doubtless  arising  in  want  of  correct  informa- 
tion in  regard  to  depth  of  water  at  this  place,  we 
take  the  liberty  of  saying,  that  according  to  the  state- 
ment of  the  Engineer  who  surveyed  the  River  to  the 
Lake,  in  1824,  at  a  low  stage  of  water,  there  is  6J  feet 
in  the  rock  reef  two  miles  below  this  place,  and  8f 
feet  over  the  fiats  in  the  Maumee  Bay.  One  foot  and 
nine  inches  is  the  difference  that  can  with  truth  be 
claimed  at  any  stage  of  water  in  favor  of  any  point 
below. 

The  survey  of  1824  here  referred  to,  is  stated 
in  the  report  made  at  the  time  by  the  Ohio 
Canal  Commissioners,  as  follows  : 

Soundings  were  taken  of  the  Maumee  River  and 
Bay,  from  the  foot  of  the  Rapids  to  Turtle  Island,  ofl' 
the  North  Cape  of  the  Bay.  At  the  point  where  it 
is  proposed  to  erect  the  dam  suggested,  there  is  a 
rock  bottom  with  6i  feet  of  water.  Below  this  rock 
the  water  increases  in  a  short  time  to  eight  and  nine 
feet.  At  a  point  between  that  of  Swan  Creek,  a  mile 
above  Grassy  Point,  about  eight  feet  of  water  is 
found,  and  on  the  bar  in  the  Bay,  8J  to  nine  feet. 

The  first  Light-houses  provided  for  Lake 
Erie  were  those  at  Fairport  and  on  the  Penin- 
sula, Sandusky  Bay  in  1826.  The  same  year 
were  made  the  first  appropriations  for  the  im- 
provement of  Harbors  on  the  Lake  West  of 
Buffalo,  as  follows : 

For  Buffalo,  $15,000  ;  Grand  River,  Ohio,  $.5,600  ; 
Ashtabula,  $12,000;  Cunningham  Creek,  $2,000; 
Huron,  $5,000;  Survey  of  Sandusky  Bay,  to  ascer- 
tain the  expediency  and  expense  of  improving  the 
same,  $400 ;  for  survey  of  La  Plaisance  Bay,  Michi- 
gan, $200. 

The  first  provision  made  for  the  better  navi- 
gation of  the  Maumee  River  and  Bay,  consisted 
of  the  erection  of  a  Light-house  on  Turtle 
Island.  The  Island  was  purchased  of  the 
Government  in  1827  at  public  sale  at  Monroe, 
Michigan.  In  May,  1831,  it  was  sold  to  the 
United  States  by  Edward  Bissell,  then  a  resi- 
dent  of  Lockport,  New   York,   for   $300.     It 


then  contained  6.68  acres.  The  original  Light- 
house there  was  erected  in  1831.  The  editor 
of  the  Toledo  Gazette  (Samuel  Allen),  July  2, 
1836,  made  the  following  statement  in  that 
connection,  to  wit: 

Turtle  Island,  upon  which  the  Light-house  is 
erected  at  the  entrance  of  Maumee  Bay,  was  since 
our  recollection,  sufficiently  large  for  a  farm  of  mod- 
erate size,  and  a  considerable  portion  of  it  covered 
with  wood.  Before  the  erection  of  the  Light-house 
(in  1831),  it  was  reduced  to  about  two  acres.  Not- 
withstanding the  Government  has  been  vigilant  in 
fortifying  it  for  the  past  two  or  three  seasons,  it  is  now 
reduced  to  something  less  than  an  acre,  and  is  gradu- 
ally wasting,  insomuch  that  the  structure  is  in  dan- 
ger, without  the  immediate  care  of  the  Government. 
The  immense  increase  of  commercial  business  in  this 
(the  Maumee)  River,  demands  some  prompt  action, 
not  only  on  the  part  of  the  citizens  of  Toledo,  but  the 
neighboring  Towns. 

The  matter  of  a  "  Straight  Channel  "  or  of 
any  channel  in  the  Bay  better  than  that  pro- 
vided by  nature,  had  not  at  that  time  occupied 
the  thoughts  of  Toledoans. 

In  1834,  soundings  in  the  Maumee  River 
from  the  foot  of  the  Rapids  to  Turtle  Island, 
were  taken  under  authority  of  the  Ohio  Canal 
Commissioners.  The  chief  results  were — that 
the  shallowest  water  between  the  points  named, 
was  found  on  the  rock  bar,  where  it  was  6i 
feet  deep.  Between  that  point  and  the  Bay  it 
was  from  eight  to  nine  feet,  and  on  the  bar  in 
the  Bay,  about  the  same.  This  testimony  to  a 
minimum  depth  of  6 J  feet,  was  at  the  time  re- 
garded as  a  matter  of  special  importance  to 
Perrysburg  and  Maumee  City.  This  survey 
was  made  with  reference  to  the  practicability 
and  advantages  of  slack-water  navigation  via 
the  River  to  Fort  Wayne  and  a  Canal.  It  had 
been  jjroposcd  to  improve  the  River,  by  means 
of  dams  and  locks,  for  navigation  by  Steam- 
boats to  Defiance,  and  by  Canal  thence  to  Fort 
Wa3-ne. 

In  1835,  the  small  appropriation  of  1700  was 
made  by  Congress  for  placing  buoys  in  the 
Bay.  This  is  said  to  have  been  secured  largely 
through  the  personal  efforts  of  Isaac  S.  Smith. 

It  is  quite  remarkable,  considering  the  recog- 
nized importance  of  the  commerce  of  Toledo, 
Perrysbui-g  and  Maumee,  dating  back  for  50 
years,  that  no  steps  were  taken  for  the  improve- 
ment of  the  entrance  to  the  Maumee  River 
until"  1866.  As  shown  elsewhere,  measures 
were  taken  for  such  end  in  the  case  of  Monroe 
Harbor,  as  early  as  1835 ;  in  that  of  Huron,  in 


[460J 


HARBOR  IMPROVEMENTS. 


461 


1826  ;  in  that  of  Vermillion,  in  1836 ;  and  in 
that  of  Sandusky,  in  1844 — each  of  these  ante- 
dating Toledo  by  over  20  years.  Until  about 
the  year  1866,  the  natural  depth  of  water  in 
the  channel  through  the  Bay,  was  found  to  ac- 
commodate nearly  .ill  of  the  crafts  visiting  the 
Eiver.  With  the  increasing  draft  of  vessels, 
however,  additional  water  was  found  neces- 
sary. The  depth  then  deemed  necessary  was 
14  iPeet,  at  mean  low  water  in  the  Lake,  with  a 
breadth  of  120  feet  throughout  the  passage. 
For  the  provision  of  such  accommodations, 
work  was  commenced  in  1866,  and  was  prose- 
cuted annually  to  greater  or  less  extent  until 
the  close  of  the  season  of  1872.  At  this  time, 
it  was  found  that  the  plan  upon  which  the  im- 
provement had  been  prosecuted  was  not  ade- 
quate to  the  demand  of  the  rapidly  increasing 
draft  of  Ijake  shipping  employed  in  the  Toledo 
trade.  In  December  of  that  year,  a  communi- 
cation on  the  subject  was  addressed  by  the 
Toledo  Board  of  Trade  to  the  Secretary  of 
War,  asking  that  stejjs  be  taken  for  the  pre- 
■servation  and  improvement  of  the  Harbor, 
which  paper  was  referred  to  a  Board  of  United 
States  Engineers,  with  instructions  to  report  a 
plan  which  should  afford  "  an  entrance-chan- 
nel of  not  less  than  15  feet  depth  at  the  lowest 
stage  of  water,"  and  such  other  accommoda- 
tions as  should  be  found  desirable. 

In  accordance  with  such  instructions,  sur- 
veys wei'c  made  and  a  plan  adopted,  which 
consisted  of  a  Straight  channel  from  the  mouth 
of  the  Maumee  River,  to  the  West  and  North 
of  Turtle  Island,  passing  through  North  Cape, 
to  the  Lake,  the  same  to  be  with  revetments 
and  dikes.  For  the  prosecution  of  this  plan  a 
small  appropriation  was  made  in  1884,  but  was 
not  ex]jended.  In  1887,  the  Board  of  Govern- 
ment Engineers  so  changed  the  plan  and  route 
for  the  proposed  Straight  channel,  as  to  locate 
it  direct  from  the  mouth  of  the  River  to  the 
Lake,  passing  Turtle  Island  on  the  South  and 
East,  the  work  to  be  with  revetments  and  dikes, 
as  found  necessary.  Work  has  not  been  com- 
menced on  this  plan,  for  want  of  necessary  ap- 
proj)riation,  which  will  probabl-y  be  made  at 
the  session  of  Congress  beginning  in  Decem- 
ber, 1887.  The  matter  is  one  of  deep  concern 
to  Toledo  and  the  vast  country  looking  to  that 
port  as  a  commei'cial  outlet. 

The  total  amount  appropriated  for  the  im- 
provement of  Toledo  Harbor  fioin  1866  to  June 
30,  1885,  was  $704,446.19. 

A  brief  statement  of  the  several  Harbor  im- 
provements within  the  Toledo  Congressional 
District,  as  now  constituted  (comprising  the 
Counties  of  Lucas,  Ottawa,  Sandusky  and  Erie), 
will  not  be  out  of  place. 

Taking  the  Harbors  in  the  chronological 
order  of  their  improvement,  that  at  the  mouth 
of  Huron  River,  Erie  County,  will  come  first. 
Work  upon  it  w'as  commenced  in  1826,  when 
$5,000  was  appropriated  for  the  purpose.     The 


improvement  consists  in  the  building  of  two 
parallel  piers  of  crib-work,  fillod  with  loose 
stone  and  covered  witii  plank,  which  form  the 
sides  of  a  Canal  or  artificial  Harbor.  This  ex- 
tends from  the  mouth  of  the  River  for  1,040 
feet,  until  it  reaches  a  depth  of  12  feet  of  water 
in  the  Lake,  and  is  120  feet  in  width  ;  the  chan- 
nel being  12  feet  in  depth.  The  work  was  com- 
pleted in  1866,  since  which  time  minor  repairs 
have  been  made  from  time  to  time.  There  is 
a  Light-house  on  ihe  head  of  the  West  pier, 
with  a  light  of  fixed  white  of  the  fourth  order. 
For  a  period  of  about  35  years,  Huron  occupied 
a  prominent  position  in  Lake  commerce,  much 
of  that  time  having  more  traffic  than  any  other 
port  on  Lake  Erie  West  of  Cleveland.  For 
this,  it  was  indebted  chiefly  to  the  trade  of  the 
Milan  Ship  Canal  from  1839  until  about  1856— 
Milan  for  much  of  that  time  being  the  largest 
primary  grain  market  on  the  entire  chain  of 
Lakes.  With  the  opening  of  the  Lake  Shore 
Railway,  in  1852,  Milan's  trade  fell  off,  being 
followed  by  the  closing  and  abandonment  of  the 
Canal,  whereby  the  commerce  of  Huron  was 
made  verj"  small.  The  revenue  collected  at  the 
latter  place  in  the  year  ended  June  30,  1878, 
was  $64.85;  the  number  of  entrances  and 
clearances  of  vessels,  252;  with  a  total  tonnage 
of  23,670.  Appropriations  for  the  Harbor  at 
Huron  had  then  been  as  follows: 


1826 15,000 

1828 4,413 

1829  5,935 

1830  1,880 

1831 3.480 

1832 --  1,500 

1834  6,700 

1836.. 4,300 

1837 2,565 


1838 $  5,000 

1844 5,000 

1852 10,000 

1866 39,000 

1874 -  1,500 

1875 1,000 

1878 -  1,000 


Total $98,273 


It  may  here  be  added,  that  for  many  years, 
commencing  about  1826,  Huron  was  the  chief 
point  West  of  Buffalo  for  Ship-building,  espe- 
cially for  Steamboats  ;  as  Milan  also  was  for 
Sail  Vessels  during  the  operation  of  the  Canal. 

The  second  Harbor  improvement  within  the 
territory  named,  was  that  at  the  mouth  of  Ver- 
million River,  which  is  substantially  the  same 
as  that  at  Huron,  the  parallel  piers  extending 
for  a  distance  of  1,250  feet;  being  100  feet 
apart;  and  reaching  12  feet  of  water.  The 
work  was  commenced  in  1836.  During  the 
year  ended  June  30,  1878,  the  revenue  collec- 
tions amounted  to  $39.80,  and  there  were  83 
arrivals  and  clearances  at  Vermillion,  with  a 
tonnage  of  8,314.  Appropriations  were  made 
for  the  Harbor  as  follows  : 

1836       $10,000  00 

1837  20,000  00 

1838 23,626  57 

1866 15,315  74 

1872 5,000  00 

1873....  12,000  00 

The  main  inducement  to  the  first  improve- 
ment of  this  Harbor  consisted  of  the  Vermillion 


1874  .. 

..  $  3,000  00 

1875... 

...   10,000  00 

1876... 

,5,060  00 

1878..,. 

4.000  00 

Total $107,942  31 


462 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


and  Ashland  Railroad,  wliich  was  projected  at 
the  time  of  comnionccmcnt  of  the  work  at  the 
mouth  of  the  River.  The  construction  of  the 
Railway  was  commenced,  and  for  a  time  vigor- 
ously prosecuted,  with  high  hopes  of  success; 
but  "in  the  financial  crash  following  1837,  it 
went  down,  without  any  portion  of  the  line 
having  been  completed. 

Next  in  order  comes  the  Sandusky  Harbor, 
the  first  appropriation  for  which  was  made  in 
1844.  The  plan  of  improvement  consisted  of 
dredging  out  the  natural  Ship-channel  through 
Sandusky  Bay  to  the  East  of  Johnson's  Island, 
known  as  the  "West  Channel.  The  revenue 
collections  for  the  year  ended  June  30,  1878, 
amounted  to  $4,242.95;  the  entrances  and 
clearances  being  3,172,  with  a  total  tonnage  of 
550,603.  Appropriations  were  made  as  follows  : 


1844. 
1852- 
1864. 
1866. 
1870. 


1872 13,000 


.$15,000  1873 $25,000 

.  15,000  1874 25.000 

.  10,000  1875 25,000 

.  38,580  1876 25,000 

10,000  1878 20,000 


Total $221,580 


The  last  Harbor  improvement  commenced 
in  this  District,  was  that  at  Port  Clinton.  For 
this  purpose,  a  survey  and  estimate  were  made 
in  1867,  the  latter  approximating  $89,000.  A 
second  survey  (with  new  plan  and  estimate) 
was  made  in  1870,  the  cost  being  placed  at 
$120,000.  The  first  plan  consisted  in  deepen- 
ing by  dredging  to  the  depth  of  eight  feet  the 
narrow  channel  leading  from  the  mouth  of 
Portage  River  to  deep  water  in  the  Lake  ;  also 
running  a  timber  revetment  of  1,000  feet  length 
along  the  Peninsula,  on  the  North  side  of  the 
River  at  its  entrance,  for  the  purpose  of  protec- 
tion. The  work  of  dredging  was  commenced 
in  1872,  but  the  cut  made  was  soon  filled  by  the 
washing  back  of  the  material  taken  out,  which 
made  necessary  the  revetment  or  catch-sand 
fence,  which  has  answered  the  purpose  in 
checking  the  movement  of  the  sand.  In  1875, 
work  was  commenced  on  a  second  plan,  which 
consists  in  forming  an  artificial  Harbor,  by 
confining  and  directing  the  flow  of  the  River 
toward  the  nearest  point  of  the  required  depth 
of  water  in  the  Lake.  The  result  of  this  plan 
was  not  as  satisfactory  as  expected,  and  changes 
in  plan  were  found  necessary.  The  amount  of 
revenue  collected  at  Port  Clinton  for  the  year 
ended  June  30,  1878,  was  $125.65  ;  the  number 
of  entrances  and  clearances,  462  ;  total  tonnage, 
34,518.  Appropriations  were  made  for  this 
Harbor  as  follows  : 

1872 $8,000    1878 $10,000 

1873 2,000  

1875 5,000  Total $30,000 

1876 5,000 

In  this  connection,  a  sketch  of  the  improve- 
ment of  the  Monroe  (Michigan)  Harbor  will  be 
pertinent.     That  Harbor  is  not  a  natural,  but 


an  artificial  one,  formed  by  the  construction  of 
wooden  piers  out  from  the  Lake  shore  at  a 
point  1^  miles  to  the  Northward  of  the  mouth 
of  the  Raisin  River,  a  sluggish  stream,  usually 
without  perceptible  current.  Approaching  its 
mouth,  it  passes  through  low  marshes  covered 
with  grass  and  weeds.  The  piers,  100  feet 
apart  for  a  distance,  and  then  spreading  out, 
are  extended  to  a  depth  of  10  feet,  at  low  water. 
One  pier  is  1,350,  and  the  other  925  feet  in 
length.  Connected  with  this  Harbor,  H  miles 
from  the  River  mouth  and  at  the  junction  with 
Little  Sandy  Creek,  is  what  is  known  as  the 
United  States  Ship  Canal.  Some  3,200  feet 
by  the  River  from  this  Canal,  another  is  en- 
tered, called  the  Monroe  City  Canal,  for  the 
reason  that  it  was  constructed  by  that  City  for 
the  purpose  of  straightening  and  shortening  the 
water-course  by  a  bed  of  the  River.  The  dis- 
tance from  Monroe  to  the  Lake  shore  by  these 
communications,  is  about  3^  miles,  to  wit :  The 
Monroe  City  Canal,  1,300  feet,  and  the  United 
States,  4,650  feet,  each  being  100  feet  in  width, 
with  11  feet  of  water.  The  work  was  com- 
menced during  the  Toledo  War  (1835),  which 
no  doubt  operated  to  invest  the  improvement 
with  special  interest  on  the  part  of  the  Michi- 
gan people,  as  calculated  to  strengthen  Monroe 
in  its  rivahy  with  Toledo.  Additional  impor- 
tance was  given  the  same,  by  the  commence- 
ment, soon  thereafter,  of  the  Michigan  Southern 
Railroad,  of  which  Monroe  was  the  Eastern 
terminus,  and  which  was  expected  to  control 
Western  trafSc,  as  against  the  Erie  and  Kala- 
mazoo Railroad  between  Adrian  and  Toledo. 
From  time  to  time,  since  the  original  construc- 
tion of  the  improvement,  liberal  appropriations 
have  been  made  for  perfecting,  extending  and 
maintaining  the  same.  The  amounts  of  appro- 
priations made  up  to  and  including  the  year 
1878,  were  as  follows  : 

1835 $30,000  00 

1836 15,000  00 

1837 30,000  00 

1838 15,000  00 

1844 20,000  00 

1852 14,000  00 

1866 31,015  27 

1872 10,000  00 

The  following  statement  j)resents  a  compara- 
tive showing  of  the  two  Harbors  of  Monroe  and 
Toledo  for  the  year  ended  June  30,  1878  : 


1873 $15,000  00 

1874 10,000  00 

1875 10.000  00 

1876 5,000  00 

1S78 2,500  00 

$207,515  27 


Monroe. 
1835. 


Toledo. 
1866. 


First  appropriation  made 

Amount  of  appropriations  to 

1878 ....$207,515  27  $544,700  00 

Revenue  collected, year  ended 

June  30,  1878  - 25  74      15,702  24 

Vessels  entered  and  cleared, 

same  time 64  3,792 

Tonnage  of  same 5,327      1,048,504 

In  the  record  here  made  of  the  several  can- 
didates for  prominence  as  commercial  points 
in  this  region,  LaPlaisance  Bay  should  not  be 


HARBOR  IMPROVEMENTS. 


4Ki 


overlooked.  That  was  a  young  and  hopeful 
Village,  North  of  Monroe,  Michigan,  and  located 
on  the  Bay  of  the  same  name.  Not  much  is 
known  of  the  place,  beyond  the  fact  that  some 
45  years  ago  it  existed  and  was  ambitious  of 
commercial  recognition.  At  one  time  it  con- 
sidered itself  a  rival  of  Monroe,but  seems  to  have 
surrendered  such  claim  in  1843,  as  shown  by 
the  following  public  announcement,  then  made  : 

Notice. — Whereas,  the  Commissioners  of  Internal 
Improvement  [of  Michigan],  in  establishing  the  rate 
of  toll  over  the  Southern  Railroad,  have  made  such  a 
distinction  in  the  price  of  freight  in  favor  of  the  Ship 
Canal  [at  Monroe],  as  to  operate  as  an  embargo  on 
LaPlaisance  Bay,  and  aaiounts  to  a  bounty  or  pre- 
mium to  induce  individuals  to  consign  their  freight 
to  the  Ship  Canal  or  to  Toledo,  by  which  means  most 
of  the  freight  is  either  diverted  to  Toledo  or  forced 
through  the  Ship  Canal,  by  means  of  scows,  &c., 
thereby  diminishing  the  business  of  LaPlaisance  Bay 
to  such  an  extent  that  the  receipts  are  insufficient  to 
defray  the  expenses  of  keeping  the  Warehouse  open. 
Therefore, 

Resolved,  That  after  the  expiration  of  the  present 
week,  all  further  business  will  be  suspended  at  the 
LaPlaisance  Bay  Warehouse. 

By  order  of  the  Board. 

J.  Q.  Adams,  President 
LaPlaisance  Bay  Harbor  Company. 

Monroe,  June  7,  1843. 

Further  record  of  LaPlaisance  Bay,  as  a 
commercial  rival  of  Toledo,  is  not  found. 

The  most  important  popular  movement  hav- 
ing reference  to  the  imjDrovement  of  the  harbors 
of  the  Lakes,  was  that  held  at  Chicago,  July  5, 
(3  and  7,  1847,  which  included  also  in  its  aims 
the  navigable  Rivers.  Nearly  every  State  of 
the  Union  was  represented,  the  delegates  in- 
cluding many  of  the  jjrominent  men  of  the 
country.  The  object  more  directly  in  view  was 
to  agitate  the  subject  with  reference  to  an  in- 
fluence on  Congress  which  should  secure  more 
adequate  appropriations  for  the  improvements 
named,  and  also  to  affect  the  popular  sentiment 


in  that  connection,  with  reference  to  the  Pres- 
idential election  of  1848.  The  following  Ohio 
points  were  represented  by  the  delegates 
named  : 

Toledo— Jessup  W.  Scott,  Charles  O'Hara. 

Perrysburg— Elijah  Huntington. 

Maumee  City — Dr.  Horatio  Conant,  Charles  Coats- 
worth,  C.  C.  P.  Hunt. 

Sandusky — Eleutheros  Cooke,  JohnG.  Camp,  Rice 
Harper,  Abner  W.  Porter,  Wm.  Townsend,  Isaac  A. 
Mills. 

Milan — S.  F.  Taylor,  Clark  Waggoner,  J.  Dana 
Smith. 

Huron— George  S.  Patterson,  John  B.  Wilbor,  D. 
G.  Branch. 

Among  the  Ohio  delegates  present  were  Governor 
William  Bebb,  Thomas  Corwin,  John  C.  Wright, 
James  C.  Hall,  Stanley  Matthews,  Robert  C.  Schenck, 
and  Ex-Gov.  Jeremiah  Morrow. 

Edward  Bates  (subsequently  Attorney  Gen- 
eral under  President  Lincoln)  was  the  Presi- 
dent, with  Vice-Presidents  from  17  States. 
Schuyler  Colfax  was  Chief  Secretary,  with  nine 
assistants.  Abraham  Lincoln  then,  in  a  speech 
before  the  Convention,  made  his  first  prominent 
appearance.  Horace  Greeley,  then  fairly  in- 
troduced in  his  public  life,  was  there.  The  re- 
sult of  the  occasion  was  a  strong  expression  in 
favor  of  more  liberal  provision  for  the  improve- 
ment of  the  internal  Rivers  and  the  harbors  of 
the  Lakes.  Without  doubt,  the  chief  object  of 
the  Convention  was  largely  attained  in  stimu- 
lating the  popular  sentiment  on  the  subject, 
and  helping  to  the  settled  policy  of  the  Gov- 
ernment in  that  respect  which  soon  was  devel- 
oped and  still  continues.  It  may  be  here 
stated,  that  the  total  of  appropriations  by  Con- 
gress for  harbors  on  Lake  Erie  West  of  Erie, 
up  to  August,  1834,  was  $189,102,  of  which  sum 
Cleveland  received  $34,235 ;  Grand  River, 
$29,598;  Black  River,  §35,734;  Huron,  $22,208; 
Ashtabula,  $35,558  ;  Conneaut,  $24,810  ;  Cun- 
ningham Creek,  $6,956. 


CHAPTER    XII. 


COMMERCIAL    FACn.ITIES. 


THE  growth  of  agricultural  prodiiction  in 
this  County  and  in  the  Valley,  was  a 
very  slow  one,  when  we  consider  that  immi- 
gration hither  commenced  early  in  the  century. 
Of  course  the  commencement  of  that  immigra- 
tion was  feeble,  with  only  here  and  there  a 
ftimil}'  developing  sufficient  robustness  of  body 
and  purpose  to  encounter  the  hardships  and 
dangers  of  frontier  life  at  that  day  ;  and  it  was, 
in  all  its  severe  and  trying  elements,  frontier 
life.  The  whole  country  swarmed  with  In- 
dians, and  the  Kiver,  from  mouth  to  source, 
was  the  favorite  home  of  a  portion  of  several 
powerful  tribes.  Its  dense  and  unbroken  for- 
ests, with  only  the  woodman's  axe  for  an  im- 
plement of  improvement,  formed  a  barrier, 
which,  by  the  light  of  our  day,  would  seem  to 
have  shut  out  all  hope  of  a  comfortable  home. 
We  cannot  appreciate  the  dangers  and  jjriva- 
tions  of  those  early  days.  The  life  of  those 
men  and  women  was  amongst  scenes  little  in 
accord  with  the  peaceful  picture  of  later  3ear8  ; 
and  when  night  drew  its  dark  mantle  over  the 
forest  and  log  cabin,  the  mother  of  those  days, 
as  she  soothed  her  children  to  sleep,  felt,  in  a 
sense  that  we  do  not  now,  that  "  Our  Father  " 
was  their  only  protection  from  the  roaming 
savage  and  wild  beast. 

These  adverse  conditions  were  supjjlemented 
by  another  and  more  disheartening  than  all 
besides,  in  the  naturally  unhealthfulness  of  the 
climate.  The  damp  dews  of  the  level  lands 
and  the  evening  air  of  the  autumn,  were  alike 
laden  with  sickness  and  death.  But  all  these 
were  insufficient  to  deter  adventurous,  roving 
people  from  seeking  a  Western  home.  Later, 
and  especially  after  the  settlement  of  our  In- 
dian relations,  this  restless  love  of  our  people 
for  immigration  was  signalized  by  further  and 
increased  additions  to  our  population.  But  it 
was  all  a  huge  mistake.  The  spirit  that  stimu- 
lates immigration  to  the  frontier  aids  those  who 
come  later  to  enjoy  the  fruits  of  improved  so- 
ciety and  more  settled  conditions  generally  ; 
but  to  the  early  settler  and  his  fiamily,  it  is  a 
lifoof  unending,  unmitigated  struggle  and  pri- 
vation. The  same  degree  of  industry  and  pri- 
vation in  his  old  home  might  have  won  for  him 
a  far  greater  degree  of  prosperity,  with  the  ad- 
vantage to  his  family  of  schools,  churches  and 
fixed  social  advantages. 

The  movement  Westward  developed  by  slow- 
ly increasing  momentum,  until  checked' by  the 
severe  revulsion  of  business  in  1837.  Even  at 
that  date,   the  production   of   food   in    Lucas 


[464] 


County  was  insufficient  for  the  consumption, 
although  a  small  quantity  of  wheat  had  been 
exported  by  one  farmer  at  an  earlier  date  than 
this.  Major  Coleman  I.  Keeler  shipped  in  the 
fall  of  1831,  about  300  bushels  of  wheat  by  the 
little  Schooner  Eagle. 

The  construction  of  the  Wabash  and  Erie 
Canal  was  commenced  in  1838-9,  and  the  great 
influx  of  laboring  population  consequent  there- 
upon, was  fed  by  im].)ortations  from  the  Ohio 
Canal  at  Cleveland  and  from  Michigan.  At 
about  this  jieriod  Southern  Michigan  began  to 
produce  a  limited  surplus  of  wheat,  some  of 
which  reached  Toledo  in  flour,  for  sale  here  and 
for  shipment,  to  Buffalo.  A  little  later  wheat 
began  to  come  forward  from  the  same  source, 
both  wheat  and  flour  being  transported  hence 
over  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railway. 

The  rapid  and  enormous  growth  of  the  busi- 
ness of  our  countr}"  is  a  theme  of  surprise  to 
those  who  have  witnessed  it  and  been  con- 
nected with  it.  The  methods  of  transacting 
business  also  present  wide  contrasts,  and  in 
none  more  so  than  in  the  manner  of  handling 
the  surplus  grain  as  it  came  to  market  for 
storage.  At  fir.stit  was  carried  on  the  shoulders 
of  men  from  the  farmers'  wagons  into  the  ware- 
house. When  it  began  to  come  forward  by  the 
Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad  it  was  in  bags 
and  was  unloaded  by  means  of  a  small  cart, 
holding  eight  or  ten  bags,  and  hauled  into  the 
upper  stories  of  the  warehouses  on  an  inclined 
track,  bj'  a  horse  attached  to  a  rope  running 
through  a  block  properly  fastened  to  the  floor 
below. 

Hon.  Richard  Mott,  of  our  City,  was  the  pio- 
neer in  the  next  advance  on  the  method  of 
grain  handling  and  the  building  of  warehouses 
more  suitable  to  contain  it.  In  the  year  1838, 
the  first  building  was  erected  on  Water  street, 
between  Adams  and  Oak,  with  the  additional 
strength  required  to  store  grain.  Attached  to 
it  was  a  small  elevator  propelled  by  a  horse. 
This  improved  method,  though  a  little  shaky 
and  insecure,  was  a  signal  triumph  in  labor- 
saving.  It  marks  the  beginning  of  elevators 
in  the  West.  This  warehouse  was  burned  the 
next  year,  but  the  enterprise  of  Mr.  Mott  sur- 
vived his  misfortune,  and  in  1840  the  "  Old  Red 
Warehouse  "  (as  it  has  long  been  called),  at  the 
foot  and  East  side  of  Monroe  street,  was  built, 
with  the  further  and  important  improvement 
of  a  substantial  elevator  connected  therewith, 
the  horse-power  for  which  was  under  the  peak 
of  the  roof,  where  the  animal  performed  its 


COMMERCIAL  FACILITIES. 


465 


dreary  but  useful  round  of  labor,  month  in  and 
month  out.  This  method  of  receiving  grain, 
with  enlargement  and  improvement  in  the  ele- 
vators from  time  to  time  as  necessity  required, 
was  continued  in  use  for  more  than  ten  years. 

The  grain  business  of  Mr.  Mott  consisted 
wholly  of  Eailroad  receipts  from  Southern 
Michigan,  the  surplus  of  Lucas  County  farmers 
being  scarcely  anything.  Up  to  that  year,  the 
traffic  of  the  Eailroad  was  made  up  largely  of 
bread  supplies  sent  from  Toledo  to  the  settlers 
in  Southern  Michigan. 

The  change  from  horses  as  the  elevating  motor 
to  that  of  the  unwearying  power  of  steam,  be- 
gan in  1847,  when  John  Brownlee  and  Egbert 
B.  Brown,  partners,  built  a  steam  elevator, 
much  increased  in  size  over  any  previous 
structures,  and  with  bins  shaped  to  discharge 
themselves.  This  was  built  on  the  present  site 
of  the  elevator  of  C.  A.  King  &  Co.,  and  marked 
the  commencement  of  this  system,  which,  w  it!) 
great  improvement,  is  now  in  use. 

Keturning  to  the  growth  of  agricultural  pro- 
duction in  Lucas  County,  it  can  be  stated  that 
before  the  season  of  1838,  there  was  very  little 
surplus  of  grain  produced  in  this  County.  In 
that  year,  the  surplus,  though  not  large,  gave 
a  hopeful  turn  in  the  tide  of  trade. 

In  1841  the  commerce  of  that  vicinitj^iaving 
been  in  a  measure  transferred  from  Pei-rys- 
burg  to  Miami,  below  Maumee  City,  a  small 
cargo  of  wheat  was  purchased  by  the  firm  of 
Smith  &  Hazard,  at  from  11.10  to  $1.40  per 
bushel.  The  Schooner  Morgi.ina  was  engaged 
to  take  the  cargo  to  Buffalo,  at  10  cents  per 
bushel  freight.     It  was  heroic  work  to  get  that 


cargo  on  board  without  facilities,  and  it  was 
accomplished  by  transporting  the  bags  on  the 
shoulders  of  laborers,  and  with  4,100  bushels 
the  Vessel  was  deeply  laden.  So  far  this  im- 
portant event,  the  first  cargo  shipment  of  wheat 
from  the  Valley,  proceeded  favorably;  but  be- 
fore the  Vessel  left  the  dock  a  gale  of  wind 
sprang  up,  under  the  influence  of  which  the 
water,  as  is  usual  in  such  cases,  retreated 
toward  the  Lake,  and  the  Vessel  settled  down 
upon  a  large  boulder,  breaking  a  hole,  through 
whicii  the  water  entered,  and  the  cargo  was 
lost.  This  commencement  of  the  export  of 
grain  was  a  significant  event,  in  more  than  one 
respect ;  not  least  of  which  was,  that  it  marked 
a  period  when,  after  the  fever  of  land  sjiecu- 
lation  had  subsided,  and  tiiat  other  fever  (the 
bilious  I  had  in  a  measure  also  subsided,  and 
our  larmers  had  recovered  from  this  and  the 
many  other  disappointments  incident  to  fron- 
tier life,  hope  of  better  days  began  to  brigiiten 
men's  (aces.  There  was  a  surplus  in  the  land, 
and  something  to  dispose  of  in  exchange  for 
other  needed  commodities. 

About  this  time,  the  enter])rising  citizens 
of  Maumee  City  commenced  the  erection  of 
Flouring  Mills,  which  have  since  been  stead3' 
purchasers  of  tiie  sui-plus  grain  of  tliat  portion 
of  the  County.  The  pioneer  in  the  building  of 
mills  on  the  Eiver,  was  George  W.  Eeynolds, 
who  was  for  long  years  connected  with  that 
and  other  leading  enterprises  at  Maumee.^ 
Wm.  B.  Dicks,  Judge  Eobert  A.  Forsyth,  and 
Garrett  &  Merwin,  followed  in  the  same  line  of 
improvement  at  Maumee,  as  did  Judge  James 
Myers  at  Toledo. 


CHAPTER    XIII. 


TOLEDO    WAREHOUSES. — OLD    AND    NEW. 


THE  gradual  development  of  Warehouse 
aecomiiiodations  upon  the  advent  of  the 
second  Port  Lawrence,  has  already  been  refer- 
red to.  It  will  be  proper  here,  in  contrast,  to 
re!er  to  the  very  start  and  to  the  present 
attainment  in  that  department  of  commercial 
operations. 


shingles,    rived  by   hand  on  the   ground  ;  the 
simple    windows    were   of    sash     unknown  to 


PIONEER  TOLEDO  WAREHOUSE— 1817. 

The  first  building  erected  for  business  pur- 
poses within  the  present  limits  of  Toledo,  was 
a  Warehouse,  built  wholly  of  logs,  by  the 
owners  of  the  Port  Lawrence  property,  at  the 
very  outset  of  improvement  at  this  point. 
The  date  of  its  construction  cannot  now  bo 
definitely  staced.  It  w.is  standing  in  1817, 
and  was  built  on  lot  No,  2  of  the  present  Port 
Lawrence  Division,  which  lies  next  to  the 
Merchants  National  Bank  Building,  Southwest 
corner  of  Summit  and  Monroe  streets.  The 
building  was  two-stories  in  height,  the  upper 
one  projecting  some  10  feet  in  front.  The  logs 
were  hewn  sufficiently  to  give  the  walls  a 
somewhat  even  appearance.  The  second  story 
projection  served  the  two-fold  purpose  of  a 
shed  and  a  means  of  defense.  The  walls  were 
secure  against  the  rifle,  the  most  formidable 
weapon  of  attack  then  in  use  here,  while  the 
only  door  (in  front)  was  readily  guarded 
through  the  floor  of  the  projecting  portion  of 
the  second  story,  after  the  manner  of  block- 
houses. 

An  event  so  important  as  the  erection  of  the 
pioneer  Warehouse  of  a  prospective  commer- 
cial point  was  a  matter  of  deep  and  pervading 
interest  with  the  country  round  about. 
Hence,  the  muscles  of  the  entire  region  were 
summoned  to  the  "  log-raising,"  when  the  rude 
timbers  were  rolled  to  places  on  the  firm  walls. 
Refreshments  for  the  occasion  were  abundant 
— not  of  ice  cream,  fruit  cake  and  Roman 
punch;  but  of  pork,  beef  and  bread,  with  a  good 
supply  of  whiskey,  innocent  of  modern  fusil  oil. 
The  "^raising"  over,  then  came  the  roof  of  rude 


[466] 


IMPROVED  TOLEDO  WAREHOUSE-1887. 

machine  production,  and  a  few  panes  of  glass 
as  good  as  could  be  secured  ;  the  single  door  of 
rudest  structure  from  split  logs;  and,  lastly, 
the  puncheon  floor,  smooth  as  broad-axe  and 
adz  could  make  it,  with  possibly  a  little  special 
dressing  with  a  jack  plane. 

All  this  accomplished,  the  next  thing  was 
the  "  house-warming,"  which  constituted  a 
social  occasion  to  that  time  without  a  parallel 
in  all  this  section.  Word  was  duly  sent  to 
settlements  within  reach,  and  especially  to  the 
"  Foot  of  the  Rapids,"  as  the  region  about  Fort 
Meigs  and  on  both  sides  of  the  River  was 
called.  From  Maumee  and  Perrysburg  came 
the  Hunts,  the  Forsyths,  the  Conants,  the 
Jeromes,  the  Hollisters,  McKnights  and  Spaf- 
fords.  These  and  others  reached  the  scene  of 
the  proposed  "  frolic  "  by  the  ice  in  the  River. 
It  was  a  general  turnout,  the  "  River  Raisin  " 
(Monroe)  probably  contributing  its  quota  to 
the  assemblage.  Let  us  not  suppose  these 
were  rude,  uneducated  people.  New  England 
and  New  York  chiefly  had  been  their  homes. 
Many  accessories  now  so  common  in  social 
occasions  were  lacking  but  not  needed  for  the 
happiness  of  the  guests.  At  one  end  of  the 
room  was  a  roaring  fire  in  an  eight-foot  fire- 
place. On  one  side  was  a  temporary  shelf,  loaded 
with  venison,  pies,  cakes  and  liquid  refresh- 
ments deemed  essential  in  maintaining  stalwart 
men  and  women  in  an  all-night's  draft  upon 
their  nervous  systems.  The  ladies'  dressing 
room  was  in  the  upper  story  and  reached  by  a 
ladder.  At  the  end  of  the  room  opposite  the 
fire-place  was  a  platform  temporarily  raised  for 


TOLEDO   WAREHOUSES. 


467 


the  two  French  fiddlers, whose  fiddling  was  good 
— for  those  days,  and  quite  satisfactory  to  the 
dancers,  who  put  in  their  time  as  best  they 
they  could  throughout  the  night,  and  well  on 
to  breakfast  time,  the  chief  interruption  arising 
from  the  distribution  of  refreshments  most 
bountifully  suppled.  Such,  according  to  the 
best  authoritj'  at  this  seventy-years'  distance 
from  tiie  event,  was  the  advent  of  the  "  old 
Log- Warehouse." 

It  is  vei'y  fortunate,  that  records  of  Toledo's 
pioneer  business  improvement  is  not  confined 
to  the  verbal  description  now  to  be  made.  It  was 
yet  standing,  sound  and  firm,  when  Hon.  Rich- 
ard Mott  settled  here  in  1836,  and  was  taken 
down  to  make  room  for  another  building,  in 
1837.  The  historian  is  much  indebted  to  that 
gentleman's  clear  memory,  and  to  his  no  less 
skilled  pencil,  for  an  excellent  dralt  of  the 
building,  from  which  was  made  the  picture 
herewith  presented.  Different  pioneers  fa- 
miliar with  the  Warehouse,  recognize  its 
several  parts  as  here  shown.  Gen.  Chas.  B. 
Phillips  came  to  Toledo  in  1829,  and  his  recol- 
lection of  the  building  is  made  more  clear  from 
the  fact  that  his  first  night  here  was  spent  on 
the  second  floor  of  the  same. 

There  are  now  in  the  City  12  Grain  Eleva- 
tors, of  which  10  are  located  on  the  West,  and 
two  on  the  East  side  of  the  River.  Ten  are  in 
connection  with  Railroads,  and  two  for  the  ac- 
commodation of  traffic  by  Canals.  Of  the  for- 
mer class,  four  receive  the  business  of  the 
Wabash,  two  that  of  the  Lake  Shore,  two  that 
of  the  Dayton  &  Michigan,  one  that  of  the  To- 
ledo, St.  Louis  &  Kansas  City  Road,  and  one 
(in  East  Toledo,)  the  traffic  of  different  Rail- 
roads. Tlie  aggregate  storage  capacity  of  these 
amounts  to  7,258,000  bushels  of  grain,  with 
capacity  to  receive  and  ship  daily  1,240,000 
bushels — their  size  ranging  from  100,000  to 
1,700,000  bushels.  As  indicating  something  of 
the  advance  in  Warehouse  facilities  made  in 
Toledo,  is  here  given  in  connection  with  the 
pioneer  log  structure  of  1817.  a  view  of"  Eleva- 
tor No.  Five  "  of  the  Toledo  &  Wabash  Eleva- 
tor Company,  which  is  said  to  be  one  of  the 


most  complete  in  appointments,  and  in  its  caj)ac- 
ity,  of  the  Grain  Elevators  of  the  country. 

CAPACITY   OF   GRAIN   ELEVATORS. 


Name  of  Elkvator. 

Storage 
Cdpacity, 
Buslids. 

Reccirf  and 
Ship 
Daily. 

Tol.,  Wabash  &  W.  R'y.No.  1.  a 
"       No.  3.  a 
"       No.  4.  a 
"       No,  5.  a 

Union  Elevator,  6 . 

L.  S.  &  M.  S.  R'y,    "A"  c  .. 

"B"c 

Dayton  &  Michigan  R'y,  "A"  d 
"     "     "B" d 

Canal   Elevators,  e  . 

246,000 
761,000 

i,:i5i,oo() 

1,700,000 
1,000,000 

:;oo,ooo 
:ioo,oo(» 

300,000 
800,000 
250,000 
100,000 
150,000 

7,258,000 

60,000 
80,000 

:!oo,ooo 

.MIO.OOO 
200,000 
(10,1100 
(10,000 
(10,00o 
150,000 
60,000 

/--         -  - 

30,000 

Narrow  Gauge,  e . 

30,000 

1,240,000 

a  Owned  by  Toledo  &  Wabash  Elevator  Com- 
pany. 

6  Owned  by  Union  Railroad  Elevator  Company. 

c  Owned  by  Lake  Shore  &  M.  S.  Railroad  Com- 
pany. 

d  Owned  by  Dayton  &  Michigan  Elevator  Com- 
pany. 

e  Owned  by  Churchill  &  Co. 

/  Owned  by  C.  A.  King  &  Co. 

The  rates  for  Storage  of  Grain  at  these  Ele- 
vators are  :  Elevating  and  first  10  da5'8' 
storage,  one  cent  per  bushel  ;  for  each  subse- 
quent 10  da3's  of  storage,  J  cent,  per  bushel 

Charges  for  loading,  weighing  and  inspect- 
ing: Loading  all  kinds  of  Grain  (except  Oats 
in  bulk),  per  car,  at  all  Railroad  Elevators,  ex- 
cept L.  S.  &  M.  S.,  50  cents;  loading  Oats,  in 
bulk,  per  car,  $1.00  ;  loading  all  kinds  of  Gi-ain 
(except  Oats  in  bulk),  jjer  car,  at  L.  S  &  M.  S. 
Elevators,  80  cents  ;  loading  Oats  in  bulk,  per 
car,  11.00;  insp'ecting  Grain  into  cars,  per  car, 
26  cents;  inspecting  Grain  into  Elevators,  per 
car,  25  cents;  ins))ecting  Grain  into  Elevators 
from  Canal  boats,  per  load,  $1.00;  inspecting 
Grain  into  vessels,  per  1,000  bushels,  40  cents; 
weighing  Grain  out  to  vessels,  per  1,000  bush- 
els. 30  cents  ;  weighing  Grain  out  to  cars,  per 
car,  25  cents. 


OHAPTEK  XIV. 


EARLY  TRADE  OF  THE  WEST. 


A  CHIEF  embarrassment  to  the  settlement  profit,  $G,042.  This  plan  was  largely  adopted, 
of  the  Western  country,  was  the  lack  of  and  until  the  openinii;  of  the  New  York  and 
market  facilities  for  produce.  While,  for  want  Pennsylvania  Canals,  furnished  the  chief  outlet 
of  transportation,  supplies  of  merchandise  were  for  the  Ohio  and  Mississippi  countries.  In 
limited  and  obtainable  oidy  at  high  rates,  the  1825  a  serious  effort  was  made  to  attract  capital 
settler's  main  trouble  arose  in  the  fact  that  for  investment  in  transportation  facilities  on 
there  was  no  market,  even  in  trade,  for  what  the  Ohio  and  Mississippi ;  and  to  that  end,  a 
he  produced.  Southern  Ohio  was  somewhat  prospectus  was  issued,  setting  forth  the  pros- 
better  off  in  that  respect  than  was  the  country  pects  of  that  trade.  Among  other  facts  given, 
at  the  North.  A  few  of  the  larger  Elvers,  were  the  rated  of  fare  for  passengers,  the  dis- 
emptying  into  the  Ohio,  like  that  stream,  tances  and  times  for  passage  between  the  prin- 
afforded  imperfect  facilities  for  transportation  cipal  points  on  those  streams,  as  follows  : 
through  the    Mississippi  to  the  New   Orleans  ^^^^^^^          y;,„^      ^^^^ 

market;    but  that  was  a    long  and  tedious  trip,        Cincinnati  to  New  Orleans l,480mlle.«       8   days       $2n 

occupying  Six  months  from  and  to  Cincinnati.  ?;7cinSrL'ii?JvMT.'V;;^^^^^^^^      130"         ?5  h^urs      '4 

The  flat-boats  used  between  those  points  were      Louisville  to  Cmomnati ■'     "         30     ••  « 

...  ,1  1       /•      1  i  CiiK'uinati  to  Pittsburgh — 449    "  5   days         15 

comparatively  small,  and  or   cheap    construe-      Pittsburgh  to  Cincinnati "     "  2/j  ••  i? 

tion,  and  for  their  movement,  beyond  the  action  \;!Su«U"ciucUumt1V^  ^'^  '■'  I  ■'■'  lo 
of  the   current,  were  dependent  on    oars  and 

settiug-poles.     At   New    Orleans    these   boats  It  was  asserted,  that  the  shipments  of  the 

were  necessarily  abandoned,  as  it  was  impos-  entire  State  of  Ohio  ("except  that  part  border- 

sible  to  get  them  back,  while  the  hands  had  no  ing  on   the  Lakes"),  one-half  of  Indiana,  and 

mode  of  return  but  on   foot,  most  of  the  way  parts    of  Pennsylvania    and    Virginia,    were 

through  unbroken  wilderness,  and  subjected  to  made  by  that  route,  which  in  1824,  amounted 

the  chances  of  Indian  hostility.     Pirogues  and  to   68,982   tons    in    weight,  and   83,590,0(10    in 

keel-boats  to  limited  extent,  were  employed  for  value. 

the  transportation  of  supplies  from  the  New  Such  was  the  lack  of  market  fiicilities  in  the 
Orleans  market.  A  writer  in  November,  1816,  Maumee  Vallej' in  those  days,  that  the  pio- 
strongly  urged  upon  the  people  of  Southern  neers,  unable  to  obtain  clothing  with  their  pro- 
Ohio,  the  policy  of  providing  market  facilities  ducts,  were  compelled  to  resort  to  trapping, 
by  building  vessels,  loading  and  taking  them  there  being  a  demand,  at  low  rates,  for  furs,  in 
down  the  Ohio  and  the  Mississippi  to  New  goods  or  cash.  Beside  their  own  needs,  there 
Orleans;  and,  if  need  be,  to  the  West  Indies,  was  substantially  no  use  for  produce,  except 
New  York  and  Boston.  He  said  the  principal  what  incoming  settlers  might  require  until 
market  then  open  to  that  section,  consisted  in  able  to  supply  themselves.  Ten  and  12  cents 
driving  cattle  across  the  mountains  to  Phila-  was  regarded  as  liberal  prices  for  corn  ;  as  was 
delphia,  and  sending  flour  to  New  Orleans.  30  to  40  cents  for  wheat ;  $1.50  per  hundred  for 
Produce  was  rarely  taken  by  the  merchant.  fresh  beef  and  pork.  But  the  trouble  was,  that 
The  little  to  be  had  came  chiefl}-  from  settlers  tliere  was  seldom  a  market  even  at  these  rates, 
coming  in.  As  showing  what  might  be  done  It  was  only  when  the  Erie  Canal  was  opened 
in  the  direction  named,  the  writer  referred  to  in  1825,  that  substantial  relief  came  to  the  pio- 
gave  a  calculation  for  a  vessel  of  150  tons,  to  neer  producers  of  this  region.  That  came  in 
be  launched  in  April  or  May  and  despatched  two  forms — first,  in  the  Eastern  market  thus 
for  Boston,  with  a  cargo  of  flour,  corn  meal,  opened  ;  and  second,  in  the  demand  for  pro- 
stone  coal,  or  black  walnut  lumber.  He  esti-  duce  made  by  the  large  influx  of  settlers  in- 
mated  the  cost  as  follows:  Vessel,  87,500;  500  duced  by  the  opening  of  that  great  channel  of 
barrels  flour,  83,000;  500  do.,  meal,  81,000;  trade  and  travel.  For  12  or  15  years  after  the 
1,000  bushels  coal,  850  ;  10,000  feet  black  wal-  opening  of  the  New  York  Canals,  the  main  de- 
nut  plank,  81,000.  Total,  811,650.  Insurance,  mand  for  breadstuff's  in  this  region,  was  for  the 
New  Orleans  to  Boston,  2^  per  cent.,  8291,  supply  of  the  newcomers,  largely  in  Southern 
expenses  of  trip,  8750;  "total  investment,  Michigan,  Detroit  then  being  an  important 
$12,691.     The   Vessel    to    sell    in    Boston    for  market. 

89,750  ;  flour,  for  85,000  ;   meal,  83,000  ;    coal,  In  June,  1824,  the  Albany  (N.  Y.)   Gazette 

$333 ;  lumber,  $650 ;  total  product,  $18,733 —  had  a  statement  of  what  the   opening  ol  the 

[468] 


EARLY  TRADE  OF  THE  WEST. 


469 


Erie  Canal  was  doing  and  was  to  do  in  cheap- 
ening transportation.  It  was  stated,  that  a 
barrel  of  flour  could  then  be  taken  from  Albany 
to  New  York  for  l'2i  cents,  while  one  party 
offered  to  do  it  for  seven  cents.  It  was  be- 
lieved that  a  barrel  of  flour  could  be  carried 
from  Buffalo  to  New  York  for  $1A)0.  Another 
calculation  showed  that  100  pounds  of  freight 
could  be  taken  from  New  York  to  Columbus, 
Ohio,  for  $3.50,  to  wit :  To  Albany,  150  miles, 
by  Eiver;  Albany  to  Brockport,  229  miles,  by 
Canal;  thence  to  Buffalo,  74  miles,  by  land; 
Buffalo  to  Sandusky,  247  miles,  by  Lake  ;  San- 
dusky to  Columbus,  120  miles,  by  land  ;  total 
distance,  880  miles.  The  cost  to  Sandusky  was 
placed  at  S2.00,  and  thence  to  Columbus,  at 
$1.50;  total,  $3.50.  The  cost  at  that  time  for 
transporting  100  pounds  by  land  from  Phila- 
delphia to  Columbus  (450  miles),  was  $6.00. 

Among  the  rates  of  toll  fixed  for  the  Erie 
Canal  in  March,  1827,  were  the  following  : 

Flour,  beef,  pork,  mutton,  cheese,  whiskey,  &c., 
1.5  cents  per  ton  per  mile.  Salt,  made  in  New  York, 
live  mills  per  ton  per  mile.  Household  goods,  one 
cent;  furs  and  poultry,  three  cents;  cotton  1.5  cents; 
lumber  per  M  in  boats,  one  cent;  in  rafts,  two  cents. 
Not  enumerated,  passing  from  tidewater,  three  cents ; 
same  to  tidewater,  1.5  cents.  Agricultural  produc- 
tions (including  cattle  and  horses),  not  enumerated, 
1.5  cents.  On  boats  conveying  passengers— VVest  of 
Utica,  15  cents  per  mile  ;  aiid  East  of  same,  20  cents  ; 
or  six  cents  per  mile  on  boat,  and  two  mills  on  each 
passenger,  as  boats  should  choose.  On  each  passen- 
ger in  freight  boats  (above  12  years  of  age),  two  mills 
per  mile. 

A  Shawneetown,  Illinois,  paper  in  1820,  no- 
ticed the  arrival  at  that  place  of  the  Steamboat 
Manhattan,  30  days  from  New  York, and  said: 


She  brings  consignments  for  two  houses  in  this 
place  from  New  York  City.  Freight  is  $3.00  per  100 
pounds  only,  which  is  at  least  $7.00  cheaper  than 
goods  can  be  brought  from  Philadelphia  here  via 
Pittsburgh. 

The  cost  for  transportation  wholly  by  rail 
between  Springfield,  III., and  New  York,  in  1887, 
is  29  cents  per  100  pounds. 

In  1823,  while  flour  was  selling  in  New  York 
at  $7.25,  and  wheat  at  $1.44,  the  former  was 
worth  in  Cleveland  only  $3.50,  and  the  latter 
62^  cents.  That  was  two  years  before  tiie  open- 
ing of  the  Erie  Canal. 

Cleveland  prices  in  February,  1822,  were  as 
follows : 

Flour,  $2..50;  Wheat,  37 J  to 50c. ;  Rye,  31c.  ;  Corn, 
25c.  ;  Oats,  IS^c. ;  Beans,  .50c. ;  Flax  seed,  50c.  ;  Peas, 
oOc. ;  Butter,  .S  to  10c.  ;  Cheese,  4  to  Oc. ;  Lard,  4  to 
5o.  ;  Pork,  2  to  3Jc.  ;  Beef,  3  to  4c.  ;  Whiskey,  20  to 
25c. ;  Sugar,  5  to  7c. ;  Wool  30  to  50c.  ;  Hay,  per  ton, 
$6.00  to  1,7.00.  For  making  fine  Boots,  |2.25  ;  fine 
Shoes,  75  cents ;  Women's  Morocco,  62i  cents ; 
Women's  Leather,  .50  cents ;  coarse  Shoes,  37i  cents. 
Customers  in  those  days  furnished  their  own  stock, 
pegs  and  thread  only  excepted. 

A  Philadelphia  paper  of  October   24,  1821, 

had  this  statement: 

We  yesterday  quoted  flour  as  current  at  $6.00  per 
barrel.  To-day  it  is  nnpossible  to  fix  a  price  on  that 
article.  During  the  night  passed,  no  less  than  six 
expresses  arrived  in  this  City  from  New  York,  the 
ostensible  object  of  which  appeared  to  be  the  pur- 
chase of  flour.  There  was  sucli  a  rush  in  the  market 
for  this  article  at  an  early  hour,  as  alarmed  the  fac- 
tors, and  we  understand  but  few  sales  were  made. 
The  New  York  market  was  drained  yesterday  bv  a 
passenger,  who  left  the  Ship  Hercules,  from  Liver- 
pool, 60  miles  from  land,  and  was  in  New  York 
nearly  all  day  incog. 


CHAPTER   XV. 


COMMERCE    AND   TRADERS. 


IN  reviewing  the  early  Commerce  of  the  Mau- 
mee  Kiver,  we  must  yield  supremacy  to 
Perrysburg.  But  before  the  period  when  the 
traffic  could  be  dignified  with  that  title,  and 
before  18i5(l,  the  passengers,  emigrants,  &c.,  aud 
the  freight  to  and  from  the  River,  were  trans- 
ported in  very  small  sail  craft,  and  an  occa- 
sional small  Steamer.  Among  the  men  of 
that  time  who  sailed  these  little  Vessels,  were 
Captains  John  T.  Baldwin,  David  Wilkison 
and  Amos  Pratt.  The  most  noted  of  the  Ves- 
sels employed,  were  the  Leopard  and  the 
Eagle.  Merchandise  for  the  few  traders  at  the 
River  Towns,  was  brought  from  Bufifiilo  by 
these  small  sail  craft.  Goods  for  the  Indian 
traders  in  Indiana  were  also  transported  to 
Perr3-sburg  by  the  same  instrumentalities,  and 
thence  by  wagons  to  the  head  of  the  River 
Rapids,  DOW  called  Providence.  From  this 
point  to  Fort  Wayne,  transportation  was  by 
means  of  what  were  called  "Keel  Boats,"  pro- 
pelled by  setting-poles  manipulated  by  men  on 
board.  The  same  mode  of  carriage  was  used 
on  the  Mohawk  River,  in  New  York,  before  the 
Erie  Canal  was  built.  At  Fort  Wayne  another 
jtortage  became  necessary  to  the  head  waters 
of  the  Wabash,  and  goods  for  the  traders  as 
low  down  as  Logansport,  reached  their  desti- 
nation through  this  long  and  tedious  passage, 
frequently  of  two  months  or  more,  at  a  cost  of 
$4.00  to  85.00  per  100  pounds.  Let  us,  for  a 
moment,  contrast  this  long  trip  and  immense 
expense  with  present  rapid  and  cheap  transit. 
Goods  are  now  delivered  in  Logansport  in  five 
days  from  New  York,  at  a  cost  of  40  to  50  cents 
per  100  pounds. 

John  Hoi  lister  was  the  pioneer  merchant  of 
Perrysburg,  and  the  projector,  with  Captain 
Wilkison,  of  ship-building  at  that  point.  John 
W.  Smith,  of  Syracuse,  New  York,  came  to 
Perrysburg  in  1834,  and  in  1836  formed  a  co- 
partnership with  Hollister  in  the  owMiership  of 
this  shipping,  and  in  building  a  line  of  docks. 
A  large  sum  of  money  was  invested  in  the 
latter,  which  was  a  final  total  loss.  It  is  difll- 
cult,  even  for  those  who  were  witnesses  of 
these  events,  to  recall  the  "  great  expectations  " 
of  business  entertained  by  the  whole  people  of 
this  Valley  at  that  date.  Real  property  at 
Perrysburg  and  Maumee  was  enormously  high, 
and  there  was  no  limit  to  the  imaginary  expan- 
sion of  the  future.  Mr.  Smith  lost  his  invest- 
ment at  Perrysburg,  and  retired  to  a  large 
stock  farm  at  Miami,  and  that,  too  early  for  the 
time,  was  a  failure,  Later,  he  removed  to 
Dubuque,  Iowa,  and  died  there  in  1878. 


About  1845,  the  Maumee  citizens  commenced 
some  ship-building,  the  Forsyths  and  Messrs. 
Spencer  &  Moore  (George  Spencer  and  John  A. 
Moore),  and  Wolcott,  being  foremost  in  the 
work.  The  Steamer  Gen.  Harrison,  Captain 
S.  F.  Atwood ;  the  Troy,  with  same  com- 
mander ;  the  Propeller  Globe,  Captain  Her- 
rick,  and  later.  Captain  Wetmore  ;  and  the 
Schooner  Alvin  Bronson,  Captain  Gilmore, 
were  built  there.  The  Forsyths  and  George 
Sj^encer  have  passed  away.  John  A.  Moore,  of 
our  City,  is  the  surviving  partner  of  the  Mau- 
mee enterprise  in  that  line.  Mr.  Hollister  was 
the  third  son  of  a  large  family  at  Pittsfield, 
Massachusetts,  and  came  to  Perrysburg  about 
1817.  There  were  ten  sons  and  one  daughter. 
As  the  sons  matured,  they  left  home  for  various 
business  points  in  the  West.  With  one  excep- 
tion, they  j)roved  to  be  bright  and  competent 
business  men.  William  settled  at  Buffalo,  New 
York  ;  John  and  Frank  at  Perrysburg  ;  Harry 
and  George  at  Mouroeville,  Ohio ;  Josiah  and 
Charles  at  Sandusky  ;  James  and  Robert  at 
Butt'alo;  aud  Fred,  at  Utica,  New  Y^ork.  As 
business  and  the  country  West  of  Buffalo  im- 
proved, the  brothers  united  their  credit  in  aid 
of  each,  and  were  thus  enabled  to  undertake 
and  carry  forward  large  enterprises  at  their 
different  points  of  location.  The  early  business 
of  John  and  Frank  Hollister  at  Perrysburg, 
was  a  large  and  profitable  trade  with  the 
Indians  iu  Ohio  and  Indiana,  in  which  States 
the  latter  were  then  very  numerous.  This 
lucrative  traffic  was  also  largely  participated  in 
by  John  E.  Hunt  (afterwards  General  Hunt), 
and  by  the  Forsyths,  at  Maumee.  While  these 
gentlemen  were  in  the  front  rank  in  all  pro- 
jects to  promote  the  growth  and  prosperity  of 
the  Maumee  Valley,  Hunt  was  not  connected 
with  the  building  of  Vessels.  He  built  the  first 
warehouse  on  the  Maumee  side  of  the  River. 
Later,  members  of  the  F'orsyth  family  were  en- 
gaged with  others  in  that  enterprise. 

These  gentlemen  of  an  early  day,  at  Maumee 
and  Perrysburg,  except  in  college  education, 
were  the  peers  of  any  men,  and  were  eminently 
qualified  to  develope  the  country.  Messrs. 
Hunt,  the  Forsyths,  Jerome,  Wolcott,  Conant, 
and  the  HoUi.sters,  were  a  strong  type  of  men, 
and  to  them  belong  in  no  small  measure,  the 
credit  for  pushing  to  completion  the  legislation 
which  authorized  the  construction  of  the 
Wabash  and  Erie  Canal  to  Terro  Haute,  Indi- 
ana, and  the  Miami  and  Erie  Canal  to  Cincinnati. 

In  1836,  W.  W.  Mumford,  of  Rochester,  New 
York,  began  the  building  of  docks  and  a  large 


[470] 


COMMERCE  AND   TRADERS. 


471 


warehouse  at  Miami,  a  mile  below  the  old  Town 
of  Maumee.  The  place  was  accessible  to  the 
Steamers  and  vSail  Vessels  of  that  day,  and 
therefore  was  considered  to  be  "  the  coming  " 
commercial  point  on  the  Eiver.  There  were 
quite  a  number  of  such  points.  The  speculation 
lever  of  the  time  induced  large  purchases  of 
lots  by  Eastern  commercial  men,  among  whom 
were  Bronson  &  Crocker,  of  Oswego,  J^ew 
York.  As  the  Canal  was  soon  to  be  completed, 
and  its  route  to  be  on  that  side  of  the  River,  it 
was  believed  that  its  commerce  and  traffic  in 
the  nature  of  the  case,  must  center  at  Miami. 
Mumford's  dock  and  warehouse  were  followed 
by  otlier  improvements  corresponding  thereto, 
until  nearly  one-fourth  of  a  mile  of  docks  and 
four  commodious  warehouses  had  been  built,  in 
anticipation  of  the  increase  of  business. 

George  S.  Hazard,  now  of  Buffalo,  was  about 
the  first  to  give  attention  to  business  of  a  com- 
mercial nature  on  the  North  side,  to  which  it 
had  a  tendency  to  change  from  Perrysburg. 
In  1838,  Denison  B.  Smith  (a  resident  of  Toledo 
since  the  Spring  of  1844),  commenced  a  For- 
warding and  Commission  business  there. 
James  H.  Forsyth  was  in  a  similar  business. 
In  1841,  the  business  of  receiving  and  forward- 
ing merchandise  had  largelj'  increased,  and  was 
concentrated  at  Miami.  In  that  jear,  Messrs. 
Hazard  &  Smith  united  their  business,  and 
added  to  it  the  purchase  and  sale,  at  wholesale, 
of  Iron,  Tobacco,  Glass  and  Glassware,  from 
the  manufactories  at  Pittsburgh.  About  the 
same  time,  Cajitain  James  Pratt,  before  referred 
to,  and  John  Brovvnlee,  formed  a  co-partner- 
ship, under  the  name  of  Pratt  &  Brownlee,  for 
the  transaction  of  a  Forwarding  business  at 
Miami,  which  was  continued  until  about  the 
time  of  the  completion  of  the  Wabash  Canal  to 
Toledo. 

In  1842,  the  Wabash  Canal  was  opened  from 
Lafaj'ette,  Indiana,  to  a  point  about  nine  miles 
below  Defiance,  at  the  Village  of  Florida,  and 
about  45  miles  above  Toledo.  Considerable 
quantities  of  Flour  were  shipped  from  Indiana, 
which  was  carted  from  the  Canal-Boats  to 
Boats  in  the  Maumee  River,  and  transported 
thence  to  Providence,  from  which  point  the 
Canal  was  completed  to  Maumee  and  Toledo. 
In  1843,  the  whole  line  of  that  Canal  was 
opened. 

The  result  of  the  first  year's  business 
clearlj-  demonstrated  that  Toledo,  as  a  ship- 
ping point,  possessed  superior  advantages  over 
Maumee,  Miami  and  Perrysburg.  Western 
men  were  by  no  means  adverse  to  shipping 
their  products  to  Miami,  but  it  was  far  more 
difficult  to  procure  transportation  from  there, 
than  from  Toledo.  At  that  day.  Tugs  and 
other  steam-towing  were  unknown.  Vessels 
sailed  up  the  Bay  and  the  River  to  Toledo,  and 
also  to  Miami,  when  they  went  there.  But  the 
channel  above  Toledo  was  tortuous,  shallow  at 
points,  and  occasionally  narrow ;  therefore,  a 


free  wind  was  required,  both  for  the  upward 
and  downvcard  trip,  and  such  favorable  breezes 
were  not  alwa3s  at  command.  The  result  was 
detention  and  uncertainty.  Under  the  influ- 
ence of  this  development,  the  Miami  firms 
abandoned  the  business  at  that  point.  Mr. 
Smith  came  to  Toledo  in  1844,  and  Mr.  Hazard 
in  1846. 

The  pioneer  in  business  on  the  dock  at 
Toledo  was  John  Baldwin,  who  had  a  small 
warehouse,  built  of  logs,  near  the  mouth  of 
Swan  Creek. 

At  about  1835  to  183G  a  number  of  new- 
comers attempted  the  business.  B.  P.  Peck- 
ham,  with  Judge  John  Berdan,  under  the  firm 
B  P.  Peckham  &  Co.,  Aniirow  Palmer,  Daniels 
&  Co.,  George  McKay  &  Co.,  Frederick  Bissell 
&  Gardner.  In  1837,  11.  A.  Carpenter,  Peter 
Palmer  &  Bush.  In  1838,  Richard  Mott  and 
James  M.  Comstock  (Mott  &  Co).  Later,  Cur- 
tis, WatkinsA  Co.,  Harry  Eagle,  Ludlow,  Bab- 
cock  &  Brownlee,  E.  Haskell  &  Co.,  Smith  & 
Hazard,  Brownlee,  Pendleton  &  Co.,  E.  B. 
Brown  &  Co.,  Smith,  Bronson  &  Co.,  Mitchell 
&  King,  Field  &  King,  Brown  &  King,  A. 
Godard,  Carlos  Colton,  Stalham  Wing,  John  M. 
Boalt,  B.  F.  HoUister.  Tiiis  list  of  firms  com- 
prises those  who  are  remembered  in  the  busi- 
ness down  to  about  1850. 

In  a  letter,  publislied  March  4,  1852,  Charles 
G.  Keeler  stated  that  the  first  shi]5mont  of 
Wheat  from  this  County,  and  from  the  Maumee 
Vallej-,  was  made  in  1827,  and  consisted  of  300 
bushels,  grown  on  the  farm  of  his  father  (Cole- 
man I.  Keeler,  Sen.),  now  on  Collingwood 
Avenue.  It  was  cradled  by  Seneca  Allen,  who 
stuck  the  first  stake  for  the  embryo  City  of 
Toledo  at  the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek,  and  was 
raked  and  bound  by  the  writer  of  the  letter. 
As  shown  by  the  books  of  the  Custom -House, 
this  grain  was  shipped  by  John  HoUister,  of 
Perrysburg,  per  the  Schooner  Eagle,  Captain 
David  Wilkison.  It  was  at  first  taken  to 
Buffalo,  but  not  finding  market  there,  it  was 
reshipped  to  Dunkirk  and  there  sold  by  Captain 
Wilkison,  at  "  3s.  and  6d.''  (43|  cents)  per 
bushel. 

As  an  interesting  fact,  coincident  with  the 
foregoing,  it  may  here  be  stated  that  the  first 
shipment  of  Wheat  from  what  is  now  Huron 
and  Erie  Counties,  was  made  also  in  1827,  and 
consisted  of  300  to  400  bushels.  It  was  pur- 
chased of  neighboring  farmers  by  Charles 
Standart,  then  at  Huron,  and  now  (1887)  re- 
siding at  Auburn,  New  York.  It  was  taken  to 
Rochester,  New  York,  and  sold  at  31  cents, 
netting  a  loss  of  19  cents  per  bushel.  In  1828, 
Mr.  Standart  sent  9,000  bushels  to  Rochester, 
selling  it  at  62i  cents — a  loss  of  12i  cents  per 
bushel. 

In  this  connection  will  be  proper  a  statement 
of  the  changes  which  have  taken  place  in  prices 
for  farm  products  and  for  manufactured  articles 
in  this  country,  during  the  past  70  years.  These 


472 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


are  shown  by  the  following  tables,  supplied 
from  creditable  sources : 

FARM    PRODUCTS. 

1816.  1886. 

Wheat,  per  bushel $0  44  $0  99 

Oats            "            1'^  ■*' 

Corn,          '•            20  46 

Barley,       "            25  80 

Butter,  per  pound if.  f^ 

Cheese,       "            06  10 

Eggs,  norilozcn uo  i^ 

Cmvs.  por  h.ad 15  GO  50  00 

Hay.plrton 5  00  7  00 

Straw,perton 4  00  15  00 

Sheep,  per  head '5  i  ,  -n 

Farm  labor,  per  month 8  00  lb  oO 

MANUFACTURED   ARTICLES; 

1816.  1886. 

Steel,  per  pound $1  17  $0  12 

Nails,  per  pound 12  04 

Broadcloth,  per  yard 10  00  4  00 

Woolen  blankets,  per  pair 15  00  7  00 

Cotton  cloth,  per  yard 30  12 

Calico,  per  yard 25  06 

Salt,  per  bushel $1  to  4  00       15  to  25c. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  average  increase  in 
the  value  of  farm  products  lor  the  period  stated, 
was  over  210  percent;  while  tlie  decrease  in 
the  cost  of  manufactured  articles,  was  70  per 
cent.  In  1816  a  cow  would  pay  for  60  yards  of 
calico  or  lor  five  bushels  gait;  wliereas  in  1887, 
833  yards  of  calico  or  250  bushels  of  salt  could 
be  purchased  with  the  price  of  a  cow.  A 
month's  wages  of  a  farm  laborer,  in  1816,  would 
buy  26f  yards  of  cotton  cloth  or  66f  pounds  of 
nails.  In  1887,  the  same  would  pay  for  154 
yards  of  the  former,  or  462  pounds  of  the  latter. 

In  July,  1843,  the  following  was  given  as  the 
cost  of  getting  a  barrel  of  Flour  from  Toledo 
to  Liverpool : 

Cost  of  grain  (five  bushels),  $5.00;  freight,  via 
Montreal,  $1.50  ;  British  and  Canadian  duty,  60  cents; 
in.surance,  10  cents— total  cost,  $7.20.  Average  price 
of  fiour  in  England  for  previous  four  years,  $S..30  ;  ex- 
change at  7  per  cent.,  58  cents — total  proceeds,  $8.88. 
Net  profit,  exclusive  of  brokerage  and  commissions, 
$1  68. 

In  this  connection  may  properly  be  given 
the  old  "  Sliding  vScale  of  Duties  "  on  flour, 
which  was  in  force  in  Great  Britain  at  the  time 
above  mentioned,  but  was  repealed  in  1846,  to 
wit: 

When  flour  was  worth  $7.65  per  barrel,  the  duty 
was  $3.00  ;  when  $840,  it  paid  $2.50;  when  $9.00,  it  paid 
$1.95  ;  when  $10.35,  it  paid  90  cents  ;  when  $10.80,  it 
paid  30  cents ;  and  when  $10.95,  the  duty  was  15 
cents.  The  average  duty  at  that  time  was  $2.50  per 
barrel. 

The  Blade  of  February  8,  1846,  had  a  table 
showing  the  comparative  market  values  of  a 
bushel  of  Corn  in  Toledo  and  Liverpool  at  that 
time — the  cost  of  transportation  and  selling- 
being  93  cents.  From  that,  it  appears  that 
with  Corn  selling  at  $1.12  in  Liverpool,  it  was 


worth  19  cents  in  Toledo  ;  and  that  it  must  be 
worth  $1.43  in  Liverpool  to  bring  50  cents  in 
Toledo.  Since  that  time  American  Corn  has 
been  sold  in  England  within  20  cents  of  the 
Toledo  price. 

One-half  of  the  Wheat  delivered  at  Tide- 
water in  1844,  was  sent  from  Cleveland,  Milan, 
SandusUy  and  Toledo.  In  1843,  Chicago  ship- 
ped 700,000  bushels;  Detroit,  106,000;  San- 
dusky, 441,000 ;  Milan,  536,000  ;  and  Monroe, 
Michigan,  121,000. 

In  January,  1845,  the  rates  for  freight  by 
Eailroad  between  Buffalo  and  Albany,  per  100 
pounds,  were  as  follows  :  Passenger  trains, 
$1.66.  Fright  trains — 1st  class  (new  merchan- 
dise), $1.00;  2d  class,  32  cents;  3d  class,  46 
cents  ;  4th  class,  50  cents.  At  that  time  the 
State  levied  tolls  on  freight  transported  by 
Eailroads,  as  follows:  Between  Bufialo  and  Al- 
bany, 15  cents  per  100  pounds  ;  4i  mills  per 
mile  for  1,000  pounds  for  produce;  and  30 
cents  per  100  pourrds  for  the  distance,  or  9  mills 
per  1,000  pounds  per  mile. 

The  following  table  gives  the  exports  and 
imports  of  articles  named  at  Toledo,  Maumee 
and  Perrysburg  for  the  year  1851 : 

EXPORTS. 

Toledo.  Maumee.        Perrysburg. 

Corn,  bus 2,775,149  1,000  44,371 

Wheat 1,639,744  ..__  8,7.55 

Oats 64,441           3,702 

Flour,  bbls 242,677  2,880  596 

Pork 38,658            118 

Spirits,  casks 21,934  

Ashes,  pots  and  pearls 

fjbls 4,847  126  176 

Lumber,  Black   Wal- 
nut, feet 2,134,073  ....  38,000 

Staves,  No 2,504,804  ____              

Merchandise,  lbs 403,513  

Butter,  kegs 3,119           163 

Eggs,  bbls 568  

Wool,  bales 2,839           . 25 

Total  value  exports.-$7,915,344  $30,.557  $41,055 

IMPORTS. 

Toledo.  Maumee.  Perrysburg. 

Merchandise,  tons 23,260  pkgs  210  tons  276 

Barley,  bus 27,.505  

Beer  and  ale,  bbls 1,554           136 

White  Fish  and  Trout-      10,499  225  285 

Salt 102,032           125 

Salt,  bags 79,080  

Lumber,  feet 11,837.747           58,000 

Shingles,  No 6,277,000  

Lath 2,.569,715            . 52,000 

Total  value  imports  $23,034,367  $16,207  $264,755 

Total  exports  for  District,  value $7,986,866 

"      imports  "  "      23,31.5,677 

Aggregate  commerce $31,302,533 

The  totals  of  arrivals  and  departures  of  ves- 
sels at  Maumee  for  1851,  were  : 

Arrivals,  32 ;  departures,  30 ;  tonnage,  9,443.  At 
Perrysburg— Arrivals,  75  ;  tons,  15,434 ;  departures, 
75 ;   tons,  15,434. 


&^^^--^i 


Y^'t^^' 


■y^ 


COMMERCE  AND    TRADERS. 


■i7->a 


HORACE  S.  A?VALBRIDGE  \v:is  born  July 
21,  1828,  at  Syracuse,  Xew  V(irk.  He  is  a  soil 
of  Chester  aud  Mary  Wulbridge.  In  1831,  tbe 
family  removed  to  Columbus,  Oiiio,  wliere,  as 
partner  in  the  firm  of  Bond  &  Walbridge,  the 
father  engaged  in  mercantile  trade.  Two 
years  later  he  made  his  homo  and  that  of  his 
family — consistingof  Mrs.  Walbridge  and  three 
sous  (Hiram,  Horace  S.  and  Heman  D.) — at 
what  then  became  the  Town  of  Toledo,  where 
he  became  interested  in  real  estate.  The  edu- 
cational privileges  of  the  place  were  then 
meagre  enough,  at  best,  but  even  these  were 
not  long  enjoyed  by  Horace,  who  at  the  age  of 
12  years  began  his  business  life  as  clerk  for 
Stephen  Marsh,  a  pioneer  merchant  in  a  small 
Vfaj.  Soon  thereafter  he  was  engaged  in  like 
service  for  Charles  G.  McKnight,  remaining 
with  him  for  18  months.  When  14  j'ears  old, 
he  went  to  Palmyra,  Michigan,  as  clerk  in  the 
store  of  Walter  A.  Titus  &  Co.  In  the  Winter 
of  1845-6  he  superintended  the  construction  of 
a  Saw-Mill  at  Ottawa  Lake,  Michigan,  which 
was  designed  largely  for  sawing  material  for 
the  track  of  the  old  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Rail- 
road, lu  the  S23ring  of  184G,  he  took  by  Canal 
to  Cincinnati  a  stock  of  stravv  hats,  gathered 
by  himself  from  the  French  at  Baj' Settlement, 
Moni'oe  County,  Mic'higan.  Soon  returning, 
he  entered  the  service  of  Thomas  W'atkins, 
then  a  Forwarding  and  Commission  Merchant 
at  Toledo.  While  there,  and  during  the  gr.iin 
si^eculation  largely  growing  out  of  the  Irish 
potato  tamine  of  1840-7,  he  was  made  bearer  of 
special  market  news  to  the  agent  of  the  house 
at  Adrian,  Michigan,  when,  on  horseback,  he 
made  the  distance  (33  miles)  in  four  hours. 
Mr.  Watkins  died  in  August,  1852,  when  Mr. 
Walbridge  took  charge  of  the  business  of  P. 
Buckingham  &  Co..  at  Toledo,  and  the  follow- 
ing Winter  traveled  largely  along  the  line  of  the 
Wabash  and  Erie  Canals,  during  which  time 
he  invested  $1,500,000,  mainly  in  bread- 
stuffs  and  hog  products,  one-half  of  the 
amount  of  the  currency  being  forwarded  to 
him  by  mail  from  Eastern  Banks,  without  loss. 
He  then  was  on  a  salary  of  11,000  per  year. 
At  the  end  of  the  year,  he  became  a  member  of 
the  firm,  continuing  as  such  until  its  close, 
February  1,  1857,  when  it  was  succeeded  by 
the  Commission  House  of  Brown,  Walbridge  & 
King  (his  partners  being  the  late  Matthew 
Brown  and  Frank  J.  King).  Subsequently  the 
business  was  taken  by  Brown,  Walbridge  & 
Co.,  and  afterwards  by  H.  S.  Walbridge  cC Co., 
(Ebenezer  Walbridge  a  partner),  which  firm 
terminated  in  the  Spring  of  1868.  From  the 
outset,  this  house  was  among  the  strongest 
and  most  successful  at  Toledo,  ever  bearing- 
high  reputation.  In  1865,  the  house  of  Wal- 
bridge, Wa-tkins  &  Co.  was  established  at  Chi- 
cago, and  terminated  when  the  senior  jiartner 
withdrew  from  trade  at  Toledo,  and  directed 
his  attention    to   other  matters,  including  real 


estate.  In  1869,  Mr.  VValln-idge  was  appointed 
one  of  the  Trustees,  under  the  Korguson  Bill, 
in  the  construction  by  the  ("ity  of  Toledo  of 
the  Toledo  and  AVoodville  Pailroad,  of  which 
Board  he  was  President  for  five  years,  and  dur- 
ing the  building  of  that  line.  Mr.Walbridge  has 
tor  20  years  been  prominently  identified  with 
the  Banking  interests  of  Toledo.  He  was  Presi- 
dent of  the  Northwestern  Savings  Bank  during 
its  operation  ;  was  one  of  the  first  Directors 
at  the  organization  of  the  Second  and  of  the 
Northern  National  Bank,  of  each  of  which  for 
some  time  he  was  a  Director  ;  is  now  and  for 
man}-  j^ears  has  been  Vice  President  of  the 
Toledo  National  Bank,  lie  was  one  of  the 
three  Toledo  citizens,  who,  with  seven  other 
parties,  secured  the  construction  of  tlie  Colum- 
bus and  Toledo  Eailroad ;  and  was  one  of  five  by 
whose  action,  largelj',  Detroit  and  Toledo  con- 
nection with  the  Canada  Southern  Railway 
was  made.  Mi-.  Walbridge  has  long  been  recog- 
nized among  the  more  enterprising  and  libei-al 
citizens  in  the  promotion  of  the  manufacturing 
interests  of  Toledo.  In  18t)8,  with  Matthew 
Shoemaker,  he  was  active  in  establishing  the 
Union  Manufacturing  Company,  one  of  the 
most  prosfierous  imlustrial  enterprises  in  the 
City.  Of  the  Maumee  Rolling  Mill,  com- 
menced in  188'i,  and  com|)lcted  in  November, 
1884,  he  wa's  a  leading  stockholder  and  man- 
ager. From  the  date  last  named,  as  the  result 
of  extreme  dejiression  in  the  Iron  ti'ade,  the 
ojjeration  of  this  Mill  was  suspended,  and  it 
was  burned  April  9,  1887.  It  was  rebuilt  of 
iron  the  same  year,  and  supplied  with  natural 
gas  as  fuel,  resumed  operations  in  February, 
1888,  giving  employment  to  500  men.  Vari- 
ous other  industrial  enterprises  have  been  pro- 
moted by  Mr.  Walbridge's  aid.  For  many 
years  he  has  been  largely  interested  in  real 
estate,  dealing  in  much  of  the  most  valuable 
property  in  the  City,  including  Englewood 
Addition,  in  the  Eighth  Ward.  Through  his 
efforts  chiefly,  the  superior  burying-i^lace, 
Woodlawn  Cemetery,  adjoining  the  Citj',  was 
provided.  Politically  he  has  been  a  Repub- 
lican since  the  organization  of  that  party.  He 
has  held  no  political  office,  though  frequently 
serving  in  local  positions.  For  several  years 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Toledo  City  (,'ouncil, 
and  is  now,  under  appointment  by  the  Gov- 
ernor, a  member  of  the  Toledo  Boai'd  of  Elec- 
tion. He  was  President  of  the  Lincoln  Club  of 
Toledo  in  1864,  and  of  the  Grant  Club  in  1868; 
was  the  Republican  candidate  for  State  Sena- 
tor in  1879.  In  consequence  of  a  Democratic 
majority  in  the  District  he  was  not  elected, 
though  he  ran  over  1,000  ahead  of  the  Repub- 
lican ticket  in  Lucas  County.  It  is  proper 
here  to  state,  that  ample  ground  for  contest 
was  furnished  him,  through  the  illegal  style  of 
ballots  used  by  the  Democrats  in  Henry 
County  at  that  election  ;  but  accepting  the 
result  as  the  will  of  the  voters,  he  declined  to 


A12b 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


dispule  it,  and  liis  opponent  took  his  seat.  But 
foi-  iiis  positive  dooliiiation,  no  doubt  Mr.  Wal- 
bridgo  would  have  lieen  elected  to  Cougre.ss  in 
188(1.  Probably  no  citizen  of  Toledo  lias  been 
lonsiier  or  more  usefully  identified  with  the 
religious,  moral  and  benevolent  work  of  the 
City,  than  has  Mr.  Walbridge.  For  30  years 
past  a  Vestryman  of  Tririty  Protestant  Episco- 
pal Church^  he  has  contributed  largely  to  its 
prosperity-,  and  to  that  of  other  Churches  of 
that  and  other  connections.  As  an  officer  and 
liberal  supporter,  he  was  prominent  in  the 
organization  and  success  of  the  Protestant 
Orphans'  Home,  the  Home  for  Friendless 
"Women  and  the  Protestant  Hospital.  He  was 
President  of  the  Toledo  Society-  for  the  Sup- 
pression of  Yice ;  and  has  been  ready  with 
means  for  whatever  cause  promised  the  moral 
or  material  welfare  of  his  fellow-citizens,  irre- 
spective of  sect,  creed  or  partj-.  Mr.  Walbridge 
was  married  with  Miss  Lsabella  D.  Watkins,  at 
New  Bedford,  Massachusetts,  October  18,1854. 
They  have  had  five  children,  of  whom  three 
are  now  living— Thomas  H.,  of  the  firm  of  H.  S. 
Walbridge  &  Co.,  Dealers  in  Eeal  Estate  ;  Mrs. 
N.  Grace,  wife  of  Arthur  J.  Secor  ;  and  Miss 
Mary  D.,  all  of  Toledo. 

DENISON  BILLINGS  SMITH  \vas  born  at 
Stonington,N'ew  London  Count}',  Connecticut, 
October  17,  1817.  During  that  year  his  par- 
ents removed  to  Stockbridge,  Massachusetts. 
At  the  age  of  13  years,  the  sou  left  home  for 
employment  in  the  store  of  his  eldest  brother, 
and  Dean  Eichmoud,  at  Salina  (now  Syracuse), 
New  York.  Eemaining  there  until  March,  1836, 
he  left  for  the  Maumee  Valley,  reaching  Per- 
rjsburg  April  15th,  where  he  engaged  as  clerk 
with  the  same  brother  and  John  HoUister,  and 
continued  as  such  until  June.  1838.  He  then 
engaged  in  business  for  himself,  at  Miami,  or 
J^ower  Maumee.  It  was  a  small  forwarding 
business,  to  both  the  East  and  the  West,  and 
also  in  furnishing  supplies  to  contractors  in 
the  construction  of  the  Canal.  He  continued 
this  business  until  1841,  when  he  formed  a  co- 
jiartnership  with  George  S.  Hazard,  now  of 
Buffalo.  The  new  firm  added  to  the  old  busi- 
ness that  of  Wholesale  trade  in  iron,  glass  and 
tobacco  from  Pittsburg,  and  in  grain  from 
farmers.  In  1844,  the  year  after  the  comple- 
tion of  the  Wabash  Canal,  it  becoming  evident 
that  itstraffic  would  meet  that  of  the" Lake  at 
Toledo,  Mr.  Smith  moved  to  that  place.  He 
then  purchased  one-half  interest  in  a  line  of 
Canal  Boats,  which  had  been  sent  here  from 
the  Erie  Canal,  by  Bronson  &  Crocker,  of 
Oswego.  The  busine.ss  of  Mr.  Smith  then  be- 
came that  of  Transportation  and  Grain  Com- 
mission, which  was  materially  increased  in 
1845  by  the  completion  of  the  Miami  and  Erie 
Canal  to  Cincinnati.  The  line  of  purchased 
Boats  was  added  to  by  purchase  and  construc- 
tion of  others,  until  it  furnished  facilities  not 


possessed  by  any  otlier  of  that  day.  It  was 
run  in  connection  with  Steamers  and  Vessels 
to  Buffalo,  and  with  Vessels  to  Oswego.  The 
quarters  first  occupied  in  Toledo  by  Mr.  Smith, 
consisted  of  what  for  manj^  years  has  been 
known  as  the  "Old  Eed  Warehouse,"  j-et 
standing  on  Southwest  corner  of  Monroe  and 
Water  Streets,  built  by  Eichard  Mott,  in  1840. 
The  next  location  was  the  "Daniels  Ware- 
house," Southwest  corner  of  Jefferson  and 
Water  Streets.  In  the  Winter  of  1845-6, 
Charles  Butler,  of  New  York,  built  for  Mr. 
Smith  at  the  foot  of  Cherrj-  Street  (Southwest 
side),  a  AVarehouse  of  greatly  increased  capuc- 
itj-,  and  with  facilities  for  handling  grain  of 
marked  improvement  on  anything  theretofore 
known  in  the  West.  The  business  of  the 
Canals,  as  of  Toledo,  rapidly  increased.  In 
1849,  the  first  Board  of  Trade  was  organized. 
This  was  done  in  the  office  of  an  Elevator, 
built  by  General  Joseph  W.  and  Egbert  B. 
Brown,  on  the  present  site  of  King's  Elevators, 
at  the  foot  of  Madison  Street  (East  side).  Of 
this  Board  Mr.  Smith  was  chosen  President, 
and  Matthew  Brown  Vice  President.  Since 
1844 — now  44  years — Mr.  Smith  has  been 
identified  with  the  commerce  of  Toledo,  and  is 
the  oldest  living  representative  of  its  early  and 
later  progress.  It  is  safe  to  stntethat  of  all  the 
hundreds  of  his  business  associations  for  that 
long  period  no  one  has  in  more  eminent  degree 
commanded  and  retained  the  confidence  and  es- 
teem of  acquaintances,  than  has  he  ;  while  no  one 
has  been  more  enterprising  or  more  unstinted 
in  the  employment  of  time  and  means  for  the 
advancement  of  the  commercial  interests  of  the 
City.  In  September,  1877,  he  was  elected  Sec- 
retary of  the  Toledo  Produce  Exchange,  and 
has  since  held  that  position,  to  the  full  satisfac- 
tion of  that  bod}-.  As  Secretar}-  of  the  Board, 
he  h:is  prepared  a  daily  Circular  or  Prices 
Current,  which,  from  the  first,  has  in  high  de- 
gree commanded  the  attention  and  confi- 
dence of  dealers,  at  home  and  abroad,  and  is 
now  largely  accepted  as  authority  in  matters 
of  current  interest  and  of  financial  policy. 
Mr.  Smith  united  with  the  Protestant  Episco- 
pal Church,  at  Maumee,  in  1842,  being  con- 
firmed in  the  Court  House  by  Bishop  Mcllvaine, 
of  the  Ohio  Diocese.  Coming  to  Toledo  in 
1844,  he  was  elected  as  Vestrj-man  of  Trinity 
Church  at  Easter  meeting,  1845,  and  for  most 
of  the  succeeding  43  years,  he  served  as  Ves- 
tryman and  Senior  Warden.  It  is  safe  to  say, 
that  no  other  member  of  that  communion  has 
been  more  sincerely  or  more  actively  devoted 
to  the  welfare  of  the  Church,  than  has  he. 
July  8,  1843,  Mr.  Smith  was  married  with 
Mary  Sophia,  eldest  daughter  of  General  John 
E.  Hunt,  at  Maumee,  who  died  June  14,  1857. 
Of  this  union  six  children  were  born,  of  whom 
four  are  living.  The  second  died  in  infancy, 
and  the  third  (Eev.  Frank  Smith,  of  the  Prot- 
estant  Episcopal  Church)   died  in   1879,  aged 


SnfTiyJ. 


s       w 


COMMERCE  AXD  TRADERS. 


472c 


30  years.  His  living  cliililren  are — Marv  G., 
wife  of  Ealpli  "W.  Baker  ;  Julia  E..  wife  ot  Geo. 
E.  "Welles  ;  and  Dcni.son  B.,  Jr.,  all  now  of 
Diilnth,  Minnesota  ;  ami  Virginia,  wife  of  James 
Eobison,  of  Wieliita,  Kansas.  January  20, 18{!2, 
Mr.  Smith  was  married  with  Julia  E.  Hunt, 
sister  of  his  first  wife. 

WILLIAM  T.  WALKER  was  born  near  the 
City  ot  Dublin,  Ireland,  December  28. 1S25.  and 
is  of  English  and  Welsh  aiicestiy.  He  was  ed- 
ucated by  private  tutor  until  his  14lh  year, 
when  he  entered  a  wholesale  Grocer  and  Wine 
Merchant's  office  in  Carlow,  as  junior  Clerk. 
Here  so  rapid  was  his  promotion,  that  at  the 
end  of  four  years  he  had  passed  through  the 
diiferent  grades  of  service  and  became  Book- 
keeper. In  1845  the  failing  health  of  his  father, 
then  living  at  Athy,  in  the  County  ot  Kikhire, 
necessitated  his  return  home,  where  he  re- 
mained until  after  his  father's  death  in  1840, 
when  he  accepted  a  Government  position  on  the 
staff  of  the  Government  Engineering  Depart- 
ment, established  to  furnish  work  forthe  reliefof 
the  people  made  destitute  by  the  failure  of  the 
potato  crop.  In  this  connection  he  served  as 
inspecting  officer  and  surveyor  of  work  done  on 
the  public  works  until  the  abandonment  of  the 
service  in  the  Summer  of  1847.  In  the  Fall  of 
that  year,  having  been  disappointed  at  not  get- 
ting a  position  in  the  Armj"  at  home,  he  emi- 
grated to  tlie  United  States.  At  that  period 
the  Mexican  War  had  attractions  for  him,  and 
he  accordingly  enlisted  in  the  Second  New 
York  Volunteer  Infimtry,  and  some  time  after- 
wards was  ordered  to  Vera  Cruz,  Mexico,  with 
a  detachment  of  recruits.  Instead  of  the  service 
he  expected  to  participate  in  on  the  field,  he 
was  detained  Avith  others  at  Vera  Cruz,  as  a 
clerk  in  the  Surgeon  General's  office  there, 
much  to  his  discomfiture.  H«  served  during 
the  War  and  in  Jul}-,  1848,  returned  to  the 
United  States  with  the  last  detachment  of  the 
Eegiment,  and  was  mustered  out  the  31st  day 
of  the  same  month,  and  soon  thereafter 
sailed  for  England,  where  he  passed  the  Winter 
of  1848-9.  In  the  Fall  of  1849  he  returned  to 
the  United  States,  and  soon  after  his  arrival 
became  foreman  on  the  Public  Works  at  Buf- 
falo. He  subsequently  became  connected  with 
the  New  York  and  Erie,  Erie  and  State  Line, 
the  Buffalo  and  State  Line,  and  the  Butfalo  and 
Canandaigua  Railroads,  as  Foreman  or  Clerk, 
and  on  the  latter  as  Manager. 

In  1853  he  became  Book-kee]}er  for  the  house 
of  Chamberlain  &  Crawford,  Canal  Liue  and 
Steamboat  Agents,  of  Cleveland,  in  one  of  their 
branch  establishments  at  Rochester,  Pennsyl- 
vania, where  he  remained  four  )'ears,  part  of 
the  time  as  resident  manager  of  their  transpor- 
tation business.  In  1857,  at  the  urgent  solici- 
tations of  the  senior  member  of  the  firm,  who 
entertained  the  hisjhest  opinion  of  bis  ability 
and  trustworthiness,  he  removed  to  Cleveland 


to  act  as  shipping  a^ent  of  the  firm.  He  re- 
mained in  thatoffice  one  year,  when  he  received 
the  ajipoiiitment  ot  agent  of  the  Northern 
Ti-ans]iortation  Company's  line  of  Steatncrs  at 
Toledo.  Here  his  business  ability  and  manage- 
ment soon  built  up  an  immense  traffic  lor  the 
line,  and  in  the  actual  management  of  which  ho 
was  identified  until  the  company  dissolved  in 
1880.  In  the  nu'antin\o  he  established  a  <'oin- 
niission  House  in  'Toledo,  with  P.  Chamberlain 
of  Cleveland,  and  II.  J.  Hayes  of  Toledo,  and 
up  to  188(5  had  two  or  three  other  |)artners. 
Mr.  Walker  for  many  years  has  taken  the 
warmest  interest  in  Free  Masonrj-.  He  first 
joined  the  order  at  Rocliesler,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1853,  being  luade  a  Master  .Mason  in  Rochester 
Lodge,  No.  229  ;  a  Royal  Arch  Mason  in  Fort 
Meigs  Chapter  (Toledo),  No.  29,  and  a  Hoyal 
and  Select  Master  in  Toledo  Council,  No.  33. 
He  is  also  a  Knight  Templar  in  Toledo  Com- 
mandery,  No.  7,  one  of  the  largest  Masonic 
bodies  of  the  grade  in  the  State,  of  which 
he  has  been  for  tw^o  years  Eminent  Com- 
mander; also  a  member  of  the  bodies  at 
Toledo,  and  the  Ohio  Consistory  at  Cincin- 
nati of  the  "Ancient  and  Accepted  Scottish 
Rite  Masons."  As  a  Mason  he  has  hold 
office  in  one  grade  of  each  and  every  Masonic 
body  but  one  in  the  City  of  Toledo — the  high- 
est in  the  gift  of  the  Commandery  K.  T..  and  is 
now  the  second  highest  in  the  Grand  Command- 
ery of  K.  T.  of  Ohio ;  and  has  been  for  years 
the  representative  of  the  Grand  Commandery 
of  the  State  of  New  Jei'sey  to  the  Grand  Com- 
manderj-  of  Ohio,  is  now  also  G.  See.  of  A.  A. 
Rite  in  Toledo.  For  many  years  he  has  been 
an  active  member  of  the  ilasonic  Relief  Asso- 
ciation of  Northwestern  Ohio,  of  which  he  has 
been  Director  ami  Vice  President,  and  is  now 
President.  In  Masonrj-  he  has  attained  the 
32d  degree.    . 

Mr.  Walker  is  a  progressive,  public  spirited 
man,  and  is  and  has  been  prominently- identified 
with  many  local  institutions — a  Director  for 
many  years  and  in  1879  and  in  1884  President 
of  the  Produce  Exchange;  one  of  the  origina- 
tors and  a  Director  of  the  Toledo  Soldiers'  Me- 
morial Association,  has  been  its  President  for 
two  years  and  in  which  he  now  holds  the  office 
ofTreasurer  ;  has  been  aDirectorfor  manyyeai's 
of  the  Toledo  Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Com- 
pany ;  helped  to  organize  the  American  District 
Telegraph  Company,  and  has  for  j'ears  been  a 
Director  and  Vice  President ;  and  is  now  Secrc- 
tarj-  of  Masonic  Temple  Association,  an  oi-gani- 
zation  which  purchased  the  ground  and  erected 
the  present  Masonic  Temple  on  corner  of  Supe- 
rior and  Adams  Streets  ;  is  now  Vice  President 
of  the  Ohio  State  Association  of  Mexican  War 
Veterans ;  has  been  from  the  organization  a 
Director  of  the  Toledo,  Columbus  and  Southern 
Railroad  Company,  and  is  now  its  Vice  Pres- 
ident ;  and  has  been  since  1884  a  member  of 
the  Loyal  Legion  of  the  United  States,  Cincin- 


472./ 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


nati,  Ohio,  Commandeiy,  a  membership  of 
which  he  is  especiall}'  proud.  In  all  these 
varied  and  responsible  positions  he  has  ever 
been  au  active  and  positive  force. 

A  Republican  since  the  birth  of  that  party, 
he  lias  ever  been  a  staunch  believer  and  advoca- 
tor of  the  ]irinciplcs  and  docti-ines  of  thepartj'. 
He  was  first  elected  member  of  the  Toledo  Com- 
mon Council  in  1875,  and  again  in  1877;  in  1880 
was  elected  to  the  Board  of  Aldermen.  He 
served  as  Yice  President  of  the  Council  for  two 
years,  and  as  President  of  the  Board  of  Alder- 
men one  year.  During  his  service  in  Council 
and  as  Alderman  he  was  Chairman  of  tlie 
Committee  on  Waj's  aud  Means  except  one 
year.  In  188G  he  was  appointed  City 
Auditor  and  at  present  fills  that  office.  His 
appointment  was  received  with  approval  by 
the  citizens  of  Toledo,  who  recognized  in  him 
a  man  eminently  fitted  for  the  position. 

Mr.  Walker  vvas  married  to  Julia  Barrell,  of 
Evans,  New  York,  who  died  in  1870,  leaving 
sis  children.  He  remarried  in  1871  Rose  Jen- 
nings, of  Adrian,  Michigan,  to  whom  two  .sons 
and  a  daughter  have  been  born. 

SHELDON  CLARK  REYNOLDS,  the 
youngest  of  ten  children  of  Jesse  and  Sarah 
Sheldon  Reynolds,  was  born  in  Essex  County, 
New  York,  November  29, 1835.  His  father,  a 
farmer  by  occupation,  was  born  in  Dutchess 
County,  New  York,  September  15,  1793,  and 
died  December  10,  1853.  He  served  during 
the  War  of  181215.  Mr.  Reynolds'  mother 
was  born  September  (3,  1794,  and  died 
July  20,  1851.  The  boyhood  of  the  son  was 
passed  upon  a  farm,  his  educational  advantages 
being  limited  to  attendance  at  the  District 
School.  At  the  age  of  14  he  went  to  Bridge- 
port, Vermont,  where  for  two  years  he  resided 
with  his  sister.  It  was  during  this  period  that 
the  principal  portion  of  his  School  education 
was  received.  In  the  Winter  he  attended  the 
Village  Schools,  while  his  spare  time  from 
labor  during  the  Summer  was  devoted  to 
studying  under  the  direction  of  his  sister.  At 
the  age  of  16  he  commenced  his  business 
career,  by  entering  the  employ  of  his  brothers 
(W.  R.  and  W.  B.  Reynolds),  engaged  in  the 
general  Dry  Goods  business  at  Jackson,  Michi- 
gan. After  three  years  of  service,  marked  by 
economy  and  good  management,  he  purchased 
the  business  interest  of  his  brother  W.  R. 
Reynolds,  aud  became  a  partner  with  his  re- 
maining brother,  under  the  firm  name  of  W.  B. 
&  S.  C.  Reynolds.  This  relationship  continued 
for  one  year,  when  W.  B.  sold  his  interest  to 
W.  R.,  and  the  firm  became  known  as  W.  R.  & 
S.  C.  Reynolds.  For  tlie  succeeding  14  years, 
the  firm  remained  unchanged.  The  subject  of 
this  sketch  during  this  period  displayed  those 
natural  business  traits,  which  since  in  a  wider 
field  of  commercial  activity  have  made  him  so 
successful.     Year  by  year  the  extent    of  their 


business  transactions  increased,  which  ex- 
tended bej'oud  the  line  of  their  original  en- 
terprise. During  the  latter  years  of  this 
business  in  Jackson,  the  yearly  transactions 
of  the  firm  reached  a  sum  above  half  a  mil- 
lion dollars.  In  1869,  W.  R.  and  S.  C.  Rey- 
nolds disposed  of  their  business  interests  in 
Jackson,  and  in  the  same  j-ear  W.  R.,  W.  B. 
and  S.  C.  Reynolds  purchased  the  Armada 
Flouring  Mills  in  Toledo,  and  commenced  the 
manufacture  of  Flour  under  the  firm  name  of 
Reynolds  Brothers.  At  this  date  the  subject 
of  this  sketch  removeil  his  family  to  Toledo, 
and  took  full  charge  and  management  of  the 
Mills.  No  change  occurred  in  the  personnel  of 
the  firm  until  1872,  when  W.  B.  Reynolds  sold 
his  interest  to  his  remaining  brothers.  From 
the  time  the  Reynolds  Brothers  took  control  of 
the  Armada  Mills  until  thej'  dis])osed  of  it  in 
1875,  the  venture  was  a  complete  success. 
Previous  to  their  proprietorship,  the  largest 
yearly  product  had  not  exceeded  20,0(11)  bar- 
rels ;  while  under  the  ])ersonal  supervision  of 
Mr,  Reynolds  it  reached  over  100,00(t  barrels. 
In  1875  Reynolds  Brothers  sold  this  Mill 
property,  at  which  date  S.  C,  Reynolds  em- 
barked in  the  Grain  Commission  trade,  a 
business  in  which  he  has  become  so  well  known 
in  the  commercial  world  by  his  extensive 
operations.  Associated  wi^.h  him  at  the  com- 
mencement of  this  venture,  was  Charles  L,, 
a  son  of  W,  R,  Reynolds,  Ivater  on  Mr,  Rey- 
nold.s'  .son,  Fred  J,,  and  J,  H,  Bowman  were 
added  to  the  firm,  Mr.  Reynolds  has  been 
since  the  formation  of  the  house  virtually  sole 
manager  aud  conductor  of  its  business.  In  1875 
2,000  car-loads  of  grain  were  handled  by  the 
firm,  while  in  1885,  it  reached  the  amount  of 
85,000  car-loads— a  larger  quantit_y,  as  believed, 
than  was  handled  hj  any  other  man  or 
firm  in  the  United  States,  Mr,  Reynolds  was 
the  first  Grain  Merchant  to  bring  grain  to 
Toledo  from  West  of  the  Mississi]ipi  and  Mis- 
souri rivers.  He  is  a  member  and  the  largest 
stockholder  of  the  Produce  Exchange,  and  was 
among  the  first  to  start  the  movement  which 
resulted  in  the  erection  of  the  Produce  Ex- 
change building,  one  of  the  finest  stuctures  in 
the  City.  In  politics  Mr.  Reynolds  is  a  Demo- 
crat, but  has  never  taken  much  interest  in 
political  affairs.  Until  recently  Mr,  Reynolds 
had  taken  comparatively  no  relaxation  from 
his  engrossing  business  duties;  but  in  1884, 
the  state  of  his  health  induced  him  to  take  an 
extended  Ocean  voyage.  He  returned  greatly 
benefited  by  the  trip,  and  has  since  purchased 
a  fine  Steam  Yacht,  named  the  Sigma,  an  oc- 
casional ti'ip  in  w'hich  forms  his  principal 
recreation,  Mr,  Reynolds  was  married  No- 
vember 16,  1856,  to  Martha  A,  Simpson,  of 
Watertown,  Wisconsin.  Four  children  have 
been  the  issue  of  this  marriage,  of  whom  but 
one  son,  Fred.  J,,  born  August  25,  1857,  is  now 
living,  the  others  having  died  in  infancy. 


COMMERCE  AND   TRADERS. 


473 


The  following  table  gives  tlie  Lake  shiiiments 
from  Toledo  of  tlie  articles  uamed,  during  the 
years  1840,  1841,  1842  and  1843,  to  wit  :  " 


1840. 

1841. 

1842. 

1843. 

Wheat,  bus 

85,000 

127,898 

116,730 

187,860 

Flour,  bbls 

51,000 

45,784 

37,280 

59,368 

Pork,     "     

1,200 

7,063 

8,445 

1,901 

Ashes,  casks 

000 

1,302 

1,072 

2,786 

Value  exports-- 

$381,000 

$521,000 

.$358,000 

$665,000 

Salt  (imported), 

bbls 

11,000 

17,000 

24,000 

35,000 

The  following  table  shows  the  shipments  of 
the  articles  named  at  Toledo,  Sandusky,  Cleve- 
land and  Chicago  for  the  year  1851  : 


Corn,  bus 

Wheat 

Flour,  bbls 

Pork 

Wheat  and  flour 

bushels 

Lard,  bbls 

Salt,  bbls 

Salt,  bags 


Toledo. 


Sandusky. 


2,783,1491    712,151 
1,6.39,744 
245,233 
42,356 


1,800,397 

147,951 

5,564 


2,868,909  2,-540,152 

27,165  766 

102,032       37,263 

79,080         2,469 


Cleveland.     Chicago. 


906,653  2,575,334 

2,141,943  293,149 

656,040  41,539 

13,580  16,407 

5,432,143  500,844 

4,314  4,468 

92,270  87,052 

.50,947 1  60,000 


PRICES  CURRENT. 

As  indicating  something  of  the  fluctuations 
in  values  which  have  attended  the  opening 
and  progress  of  trade  and  improvement  in 
Lucas  County  and  the  West,  a  lew  citations 
are  here  made  of  prices  current  at  different 
dates. 

The  earliest  list  of  prices  current  at  hand  is 
given  in  the  Blade  of  May  16,  1837.  It  was 
"  corrected  weekly  by  Palmer,  Bush  &  Co.," 
and  was  as  follows  : 

Flour,  superfine,  per  bbl $  8.50 

Pork,  mess 23.00 

Pork,    prime 16.00 

Pork,  one  hog 18.00 

Beef,  prime 11.00 

Hams,  smoked,  per  lb 13  (if<j  16  cts. 

Butter 20(»,  23    " 

Lard 10®  13    " 

Cheese 10  @  13   || 

Eggs,  per  dozen 16  @  18 

Apples,  dried,  per  bushel $  1.50 

Apples,  green   per  bbl 4.00 

Beans,  per  bushel 2.50  (S)  3.00 

Oats,        "        "     63  @  75  cts. 

Shingles,  per  M $  3.00 

Salt,  per  bushel 3.50@4.00 

In  November,  1839,  Salt  was  worth  $2  per 
barrel  at  Toledo,  and  86.50  at  Fort  Wayne. 
That  was  before  either  Canal  or  Railway  com- 
munication existed  between  tlie  two  places. 

Auo-ust  22,  1845,  Wheat  sold  at  Toledo  for 
68  and  70  cents  ;  Flour,  $3.20  and  S3.30  ;  Pork, 
$13.00  ;   White  Fish,  S6.50  and  S6.75. 

Among  the  extreme  fluctuations  in  market 
values  those  in  the  price  of  breadstuffs  in    the 

31 


Summer  of  1847  stand  prominent.  The  rates 
at  Toledo  and  New  York  at  the  dates  given, 
covering  a  j)eriod  of  five  weeks  only,  were  as 
follows  : 

Toledo.  New  York. 

June  14.       July  19.  June  4.      July  10. 

Wheat,  per  bu S1.37  80.80  8i.85  gl,35 

Corn,  per  bu 0.50  0.*1  118  0.«7 

Flour,  per  bbl.(Ohio).  6.M  4.25  9.60  6.75 

These  sudden  changes  were  largely  due  to 
prospective  heavy  crops  of  tiie  United  States, 
at  that  time  tirst  appreciated,  whicii  had  broi<en 
down  the  specuUitive  rates  for  a  long  time 
maintained  in  England.  Freights  symjjatiiized 
largely  with  grain  rates.  Tluis,  in  June  as 
high  as  11  cents  for  Wheat,  and  50  cents  for 
Flour  were  paid  from  Toledo  to  Buffalo;  while 
in  July  tlie  prices  fell  to  4  cents  for  Wheat  and 
12^  cents  for  Flour.  At  the  same  time  the 
rates  to  Oswego  fell  from  16  to  8  cents  per 
bushel,  and  from  55  to  25  on  Flour. 

The  following  table  shows  the  prices  at  which 
the  articles  named  were  sold  in  Toledo  in  1864 
and  in  1887  : 

1864.  1887. 

Butter,  roll,  perlb SO  .50  $0  20 

Flour,  Superfine 11  50  4  50 

Wheat 180  73 

Mess  Pork 42  00  14  00 

Sugar,  raw '. 24  4| 

"       granulated 33  6 

Molasses,  N.O 125  40 

Coflee,  Java 65  35 

Rio 56  30 

Prints 58  6 

Brown  Sheetings 70  7 

Tickings 65  17 

Denims 70  17 

Prices  in  Toledo,  May  3,  1867,  were  as  fol- 
lows :  Flour,  $18.00;  White  Wheat,  $3.40; 
Corn,  $1.19  ;  Oats,  70  cents  ;  Barley,  90  cents  ; 
Beans,  $1.90  ;  Salt,  $2  40. 

The  following  were  the  current  prices  at  Co- 
lumbus, Ohio,  for  the  articles  named,  in  Sep- 
tember, 1822  : 

Wheat,  25  cents;  Corn,  12Jc.;  Oats.  14c.;  Potatoes 
—Irish,  18|c.;  Sweet,  75c.;  Apples,  37ic.;  Peaches, 
12Jc.;  Peaches,  dried,  per  bus.,  $1.00;  Pork,  2c.;  Beef, 
3c.";  Butter,  6c.;  Wool,  50c.;  Flax,  lOc;  Maple  Sugar, 
lOc;  Eggs,  4c.;  Chickens,  5c.  each;  Salt,  $1.00  per 
bus.;  Tea,  $1.25  per  lb.;  Coffee,  374c.;  Pepper,  Gin- 
ger and  Allspice,  50c. 

A  merchant  then  wrote,  that  he  had  his 
"share  of  business,"  but  he  had  not  received 
$20  in  cash  in  18  months.  He  could  sell  for 
produce,  but  could  use  of  that  only  what  he 
and  bis  cow  could  eat.  The  rest  he  "  gave 
away." 

The  following  gives  the  prices  of  the  articles 
named  at  St.  Louis,  in  1846,  and  May,  1807 : 

1816.  1867. 

Tobacco $0  90C(.,  0  .30  $(i  OOf"    14  25 

Hemp     —        -     —40  00(548  00  126  00("  165  00 

Flour 2  80®  3  00  9  50®  17  50 

Wheat 48®      50  3  15®     3  60 

Corn      .     23®      24  1  08®     1  14 

Oats          24®      26  83®        86 


CHAPTER    XYI. 


TEADE     OEGANIZATIONS. 


THE  first  movement  resulting  in  anything 
like  ttie  organization  of  a  Board  of  Trade 
in  Toledo,  took  place  in  1849.  Tiie  record 
shows  that  June  7th  of  that  year,  "  a  meeting 
of  the  Forwarders,  Commission  Men  and  Pro- 
duce Dealers  of  the  City  of  Toledo  "  was  held 
"  at  the  Steam  Elevators  "  of  Brownlee,  Pendle- 
ton &  Co.,  when  Matthew  Brown,  Jr.,  was  made 
Chairman,  and  Egbert  B.  Brown  Secretar}'. 
The  object  of  the  meeting  was  declared  by  the 
Chairman  to  be  the  organization  of  a  Board  of 
Trade.  Whereupon,  Andrew  J.  Field,  H.  L. 
Hosmer  and  Joim  M.  Boalt  were  appointed  as 
a  Committee  to  report  a  code  of  By-Laws  for 
such  organization,  while  D.  B.  Smith,  Geo.  Pen- 
dleton and  D.  G.  Saltonstall  were  authorized  to 
rent  a  room  for  the  use  of  the  Board. 

Subsequently  a  code  of  By-Laws  was  adopted, 
providing,  among  other  thing.?,  that  the  name 
of  the  organization  should  be,  "  The  Board  of 
Trade  of  Toledo;"  that  the  price  of  member- 
ship should  be  82.00  ;  and  that  all  transactions 
in  produce  and  provisions  by  members  should 
be  reported  for  i-ecord  ;  the  giving  of  the  price 
Iherclbr  being  optional.  June  8th  the  Com- 
mittee reported  having  engaged  of  Bell  &  De- 
veau  a  room  in  "  the  new  brick  Block  of  Kent, 
Poag  &  Co.  (Southeast  corner  Summit  and  Mad- 
ison streets),  at  $100  per  annum." 

June  9th  the  members  proceeded  to  the  elec- 
tion of  the  first  officers  of  the  Board,  with  the 
following  result :  President,  Denison  B.  Smith; 
Vice  President,  Matthew  Brown,  Jr.;  Secretary 
and  Superintendent,  Francis  HoUenbeck; 
Treasurer,  Major  A.  J.  Field  ;  Referees,  John 
M.  Boalt,  Edward  Haskell  and  E.  B.  Brown. 
June  18th  steps  were  taken  for  procuring  "  a 
Telegraph  report  of  Buffalo  and  New  York 
markets  at  12  o'clock  of  each  day."  June  26th 
an  an-angement  was  made  with  J.  D.  Eeid, 
Superintendent  of  the  O'Eeilly  Line,  for  "  mes- 
sages of  50  words  or  less — Buffalo  markets  or 
other  mai-ketsthat  could  be  obtained  at  Buffalo 
without  additional  expense,  without  charge  to 
the  Board  of  Trade;"  with  the  probability  of 
obtaining  "  New  York  reports  of  main  items 
via  Pittsburg  by  noon  of  each  day,  without 
charge."  The  thanks  of  the  Board  were  ten- 
dered Mr.  Eeid  for  such  liberal  terms.  The 
last  record  of  this  organization's  life,  consisted 
in  an  expression  of  sympathy  with  Major  A.J. 
Field,  on  the  death  of  his  wife,  Mrs.  Jeannette 
Field,  September  21,  1849. 


BOARD  No.  2. 

The  next  record  found,  is  that  of  "  a  large 
meeting  of  Forwarders  Commission  Men  and 
Dealers,"  April  23,  1851,  when  the  By-Laws  of 
1849  "  were  adopted,  and  the  following  officers 
chosen:  President,  Matthew  Brown,  Jr.;  Vice 
President,  Major  A.  J.  Field ;  Secretai'v  and 
Treasurer,  Harrison  H.  Dodd  ;  Eeferees,  Geo. 
Pendleton,  Edward  Haskell  and  Truman  H. 
Hoag.  It  was  then  resolved,  that  "  the  daily 
meetings  of  the  Board  be  in  the  front  part  of 
the  Toledo  Insurance  Company's  Office,  Poag's 
Block,  at  9  o'clock  a.  m."  The  following  is  a 
list  of  members  of  the  Board  in  June,  1851  : 

E.  Haskell  &  Co.,  J.  A.  Severance,  W.  W.  Howe, 
Brown  &  King,  Field  &  King,  Hoag,  Strong  &  Co., 
E.  S.  Johni5on,  Smith  &  Hunt,  Read  &  Thompson, 
Thos.  Watkins,  Jr.,  Hollister&  Colton,  Simeon  Fitch, 
Jr.,  Chas.  O'Hara,  Brown  &  Dodd,  P.  Smyth  (Secre- 
tary Toledo  Insurance  Co. ),  Alonzo  Godard.  Samuel 
R.  &  Alex.  Reed,  Brownlee,  Pendleton  &  Co..  Hez. 
L.  Hosmer,  Scott  &  Comstock,  Isaac  Fellows,  Wm.  G. 
Powers,  P.  Bundy,  May  &  Hathaway. 

The  organization  of  1851  seems  to  have  ex- 
pired with  that  year,  and  under  date  of  Febru- 
ary 14,  1852,  record  is  made  as  follows  : 

At  sundry  meetings  of  the  men  engaged  in  the 
Forwarding  and  Commission  business  in  this  City, 
held  in  the  office  of  the  Toledo  Insurance  Com]iany, 
it  was  resolved  that  "an  Association  be  formed  in  the 
most  equitable  manner  pcssible,  the  objects  of  which 
should  be  to  obtain  fair  remunerative  prices  for  the 
transacting  of  the  Forwarding  and  Commission  Bus- 
iness ;  to  compel  all  Business  coming  to  this  Port  to 
pay  to  the  General  Interest  a  Commission ;  and  do 
such  other  things  as  might  be  for  the  best  interest  of 
all  concerned. 

To  secure  these  ends,  a  Constitution  and  By- 
Laws  were  adopted  which  "  endeavored  to  state 
all  the  details  connected  with  such  an  arrange- 
ment." A  division  of  50  percent,  of  the  whole 
proceeds  of  the  business,  was  required  ;  and  a 
scale  of  prices  which  should  govern  all  the 
houses  engaged  in  the  business,  was  adopted. 
Among  the  provisions  of  the  Constitution  then 
adopted,  were  the  following,  whicli  are  under- 
stood to  have  established  the  first  "  Pool " 
known  among  business  men  : 

Each  firm  or  house  belonging  to  this  Association 
shall  give  to  the  Clerk  of  the  Board  daily,  a  correct 
return  of  all  the  Storage,  Forwarding  and  Commission 
Business  of  said  House ;  shall,  at  all  reasonable 
hours,  keep  its  books  open  to  the  inspection  of  the 


[474] 


TRADE  ORGANIZATIONS. 


476 


Clerk  of  the  Board ;  and  shall  promptly  pay  over  to 
him  at  the  times  specified,  50  per  cent,  of  its  entire 
receipts  for  Storage,  Forwarding  and  Commission 
(except  on  Grain  Storage),  according  to  the  rates  and 
prices  established  by  this  Board.  The  amounts  col- 
lected as  above,  shall,  under  the  direction  of  the 
Board  of  Supervision,  on  the  first  Tuesday  of  each 
month,  be  divided  among  the  members  of  this  Board, 
according  to  the  ratio  adopted  in  the  following  article, 
first  deducting  the  necessary  expenses  of  tlie  Associ- 
ation ;  then  from  each  House,  the  sum  of  flOO  for  the 
first  month,  and  $50  for  each  month  thereafter,  until 
such  amount  shall  reach  $200  for  each  House  be- 
longing to  the  Association  ;  which  amount  shall  be 
a  Reserve  Fund,  and  shall  be  retained  by  the  Board 
until  the  close  of  the  season  of  navigation,  as  security 
against  the  violation  of  the  rules  of  this  Association. 
Upon  proof  being  made  to  the  satisfaction  of  two- 
thirds  of  the  members  of  this  Board,  that  any  mem- 
ber has  violated  the  rules  thereof,  after  the  accused 
shall  have  had  a  fair  opportunity  to  establish  his  de- 
fense, his  portion  of  the  Reserve  Fund  shall  be  for- 
feited to  the  use  and  benefit  of  the  remaining  mem 
bers  of  the  Board. 

The  number  of  shares  to  constitute  a  basis 
for  the  division  of  the  commissions  paid  into 
the  common  fund,  was  fixed  at  134.  Of  these, 
69  were  then  apportioned  as  follows : 

Scott  &  Spencer,  11 ;  Brown  &  King,  11  ;  Smith  & 
Hunt,  10;  HoUi.ster  &  Colton,  8;  Field  &  King,  11; 
S.  R.  ct  A.  Reed,  6  ;  A.  Gedard,  8;  Brownlee,  Pendle- 
ton &  Co.,  8  ;  E.  Haskell  &  Co.,  10  ;  Scott  &  Comstock, 
7  ;  Hoag,  Strong  &  Co.,  10;  Brown  &  Deed,  10  ;  Thos. 
Watkins,  11 ;  May  &  Hathaway,  7  ;  Read  &  Thomp- 
son, 6. 

The  following  rates,  among  others,  were 
adopted  for  receiving  and  shipjjing  property, 
including  storage,  to  wit : 

Down  Freights — Pork  and  Beef,  per  ton,  40  cents  ; 
Flour,  per  bbl.,  4c;  Merchandize  from  Cincinnati, 
per  1()0,  5c  ;  Wool  and  Furniture,  per  100, 10c  ;  Sugar, 
Molasses  and  other  heavy  freights  from  Cincinnati, 
per  ton.  50c;  Corn  and  Wheat,  per  bu.,  10c;  Com- 
mission for  receiving  and  shipping,  buying  and 
selling  Grain,  per  bu.,  ic  ;  Flour  (buying  and  selling, 
exclusive  of  storage),  3c  ;  Sales  of  Salt  afloat,  2c.  Up 
Freights — Merchandize  to  Dayton  and  points  below, 
per  100,  5  cents  ;  Merchandize,  etc.,  to  Wabash  and 
other  points,  per  100,  8c;  heavy  castings,  5c;  Town 
goods,  per  100,  5c  ;  Coal,  receiving  and  shipijing,  per 
ton,  50c  ;  Cider  and  Beer,  per  bbl.,  10c  ;  Salt,  per  bbl., 
4c  ;  Lumber,  per  M.  50c. 

Among  the  "regulations"  adopted  by  the 
Board,  were  the  I'ollowing: 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  members  of  this  Board, 
individually  and  collectively,  to  "war"  with  any 
person  or  persons  who  shall  endeavor  by  any  unfair 
means  to  interfere  with  any  member  in  his  business, 
or  shall  seek  by  ridicule  or  otherwise,  to  abuse  the 
minds  of  his  customers  or  friends,  with  the  idea 
that  this  Board  has  corruption,  monopoly  or  any 
such  principles  in  it.  That  all  property  shall  pay  one 
commission  as  often  as  it  may  come  into  the  posses- 
sion of  any  member  of  this  Board,  by  purchase  or 
otherwise. 

The  following  oflScers  of  the  Board  were 
elected:  President,  Sam.  B.Scott;  Secretary, 
Egbert  B.  Brown  ;  Treasurer,  Matthew  Brown  ; 


Eeferees,    Carlos    Colton,   A.  J.   Field,    Thos. 
Watkins,  Jr. 

The  latest  record  of  this  Board  bears  date  of 
August  18,  1852. 

TOLEDO   BOARD  OF  TRADE,   No.  3. 

There  seems  to  have  been  no  organization  of 
this  class  in  Toledo  from  1852  to  18lil,  when 
the  third  Board  of  Trade  was  established,  with 
the  following  officers; 

President,  Truman  H.  Hoag;  Vice  President, 
Matthew  Brown;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Carlos 
Colton;  Committee  of  Reference,  C.  A.  King  H.  S. 
Walbridge,  E.  B.  Hyde  ;  Directors,  Almon  Hopkins, 
H.  J.  Hayes,  M.  D.  Carrington,  Ebenezer  Walbridge, 
Francis  J.  King,  James  R.  Strong,  D.  B.  Smith,  P.  T. 
Hamm,  Lucius  F.  Hubbard,  W.  G.  Powers. 

The  above  continued  in  office  during  the 
years  1861  and  1862.  The  officers  for  the  suc- 
ceeding years  were  as  follows  : 

1.863-64— President,  Matthew  Brown  ;  Vice  Presi- 
dent, Harry  Chase  ;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Carlos 
Colton ;  Committee  of  Reference,  Jacob  Bash,  Henry 
D.  Walbridge,  W.  W.  Griffith. 

1865 — President,  Harry  Chase  ;  Vice  President, 
Henry  D.  Walbridge ;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Carlos 
Colton;  Inspector  of  Grain,  Edwin  Avery. 

1866 — President,  Horace  S.  Walbridge  ;  Vice  Pres- 
ident, Jacob  Bash  ;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Carlos 
Colton  ;  Inspector  of  Grain,  Edwin  Avery  ;  Inspector 
of  Flour,  B.  Fitz. 

Following  is  a  list  of  members  of  the  Toledo 
Board  of  Trade,  January  1,  1866  : 

Auchard,  Clark.  Acklin,  J.  S. 

Brown,  Matthew  (Brown  &  Sinclair.) 

Bashare,  Milo  (Detwiler  &  Bashare.) 

Bissell,  Fred.  Bash,  Jacob. 

Bash,  D.  N.  (J.  Bash  &  Co.) 

Backus,  A.  L.  (Young  &  Backus.) 

Birckhead,  Peter  H.  Bullard,  Washington. 

Berdan,  John  (Secor,  Berdan  &  Co.) 

Barlow,  A.  W.  Brown,  William  0. 

Burdick.  Leander  (Chase,  Isherwood  &  Co.) 

Bowes,  R.  U.  (Bowes  &  Brooks.) 

Bassett,  E.  P.  (Bassett  &  Kent.) 

Beach,  Wm.  A.  (Western  Union  Telegraph.) 

Breed,  Henry  (H.  &  W.  Breed.) 

Boody,  Azariah  (Toledo  and  Wabash  R.  R.) 

Bangs,  Horatio  E.  Bond,  Oliver  S. 

Boyd,  H.  A.  (H.  A.  Boyd  &  Co.) 

Boos,  Matthias  (M.  Boos  &  Son.) 

Burgert,  Adam  (Burgert  &  Hart.) 

Babbitt,  A.  T.  (Babbitt  &  Stow.) 

Berdan,  P.  F.  (Secor,  Berdan  &  Co.) 

Bronson,  Calvin.  Burton,  Marshal. 

Bell,  Robert  H.  (Beil,  Emerson  &  Co.) 

Byrne,  James.  Burckle,  E.  R. 

Brown,  Andrew  (A.  Brown  &  Co.) 

Brown,  S.  D. 

Bodman,  S.  D.  (Milraine  &  Bodman.) 

Carrington,  M.  D. 

Casey,  Theo.  B.  (Carrington  &  Casey.) 

Cook,  Josiah  D.  (Hamilton  &  Cook.) 

Chase,  Harry  (Stevens  &  Cha.se.) 

Carpenter,  George  A.  Colton,  Abram  W. 

Copland,  H.  Coy,  C.  H. 

Corbusier,  J.  A.  Cummings,  Robert. 

Cummings,  John  (R.  &  J.  Cummings.) 

Crabb,  Perry  (Crabbs  &  Benson.) 


476 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


Comstock,  H.  TV.  Cuddeback,  Seth. 

Case,  Keed.  Col  burn,  Warren. 

Cole,  Fred.  J.  Christian,  C.  W. 

Curtis,  Charles  F.  (Curtis  &  Thomas.) 

Chesebrough,  Alfred.  Carson,  John  B. 

Detvviler,  J.  H.  (Uetwiler  &  Bashare.) 

Dyer,  Wm.  H.  Daniels,  Russell  C. 

Dicks,  Ww.  B.,  Jr.  (P.  B.  Johnson  &  Co.) 

Druniniond,  John  N.  Davis,  George  W. 

Dooley.  \V.  A.  (Dooley  &  Brothers.) 

Emerson,  George  (Bell,  Emerson  &  Co.) 

Eaton,  Fred.  (Eaton  &  Backus.) 

Ellis,  J.  W. 

Fisk,  W.  C.  (Fisk  Brothers.) 

Finlay,  W.  J.  (Finlay  &  Wilder.) 

Foster,  W.  S.  (Bishop  &  Co.) 

Godard,  Alonzo. 

Griffith.  W.  W.  (Hopkins  &  Griffith.) 

Hoag,  Truman  H.  (Hoag  &  Walbridge.) 

Hamilton,  Vincent  (Hamilton  &  Cook.) 

Hayes,  Henry  J.  ( Walker  &  Hayes.) 

Hyde,  E.  B.  (Hyde  &  Woodbury.) 

Hubbard,  Lucius  F.  (Hubbard  &  Shoemaker.) 

Hallaran,  Robert  (Williams  &  Hallaran.) 

Howard,  N.  Montgomery  (N.  M.  Howard  &  Co.) 

Hopkins,  Almon  (Hopkins  &  Griffith.) 

Hamm,  P.  T.  Hamilton,  Thomas,  Sr. 

Hamm,  E.  B.  (P.  T.  Hamm  &  Co.) 

Hubbard,  S.  S.  Hitchcock,  B.  H. 

Hubbell,  W.  S.  B.  (deceased),  (Keeler,  Hubbell  &  Co.) 

Hathaway,  A.  H.  (May  &  Hathaway.) 

Harbeck,  J.  S.  (J.  S.  Harbeck  &  Co.) 

Holman,  J.  W.  (Bennett  &  Holman.) 

Jones,  Paul  (Toledo  National  Bank.) 

Jackson,  Edwin  (Jackson  &  Co.) 

Johnson,  P.  B.  (P.  B.  Johnson  &  Co.) 

Jones,  Lucius. 

King,  Charles  A.  King,  Frank  J. 

King,  Fred.  H,  (King  Brothers.) 

Kraus,  Wm.  (Kraus  &  Smith.) 

Koehler,  C.  M.  (0.  Schroeter  &  Co.) 

Keeler,  Salmon  H.  (Keeler,  Hubbell  &  Co.) 

Ketcham,  V.  H.  (First  National  Bank.) 

Kelsey.  Aaron  L.  (A.  L.  Kelsey  &  Co.) 

Lenk,  Peter. 

Lynde,  S.  A.  (Lynde  &  Beecher.) 

Lewis,  W.  H.  (Lewis  &  Son.) 

Lavelle,  O.  (Olmsted,  Jones  &  Lavelle.) 

Leighton,  Wm.  S.  (W.  H.  Osbon  &  Co.) 

Luce,  Chas.  L.  (Luce,  Chapin  &  Blass.) 

Milmine,  George  (Milmine  &  Bodman.) 

Meissner,  (ieorge  (George  Meissner  &  Co.) 

Moross,  Peter  C.  Miller,  David. 

Messinger,  Wm.  B.  (Wm.  B.  Messinger  &  Co.) 

Monroe,  James  B.  (Dayton  and  Michigan  R.  R.) 

Miller,  J.  R.  Norton,  Jesse  S. 

Norcross,  J.  S.  Pomeroy,  H.  B. 

Osbon,  W.  H.  (W.  H.  Osbon  &  Co.) 

Pelton,  A.  D.  Parmelee,  Samuel. 

Philipps,  Henry.  Poe,  I.  N. 

Post,  C.  Pomeroy,  George  E. 

Porter,  C.  G.  Peck,  Charles  F. 

Parmelee,  W.  E.  Jr.  Raymond,  Samuel  A. 

Richardson,  G.  H.  (Richardson  &  Dwight.) 

Roff,  William  (Roff&  Co.) 

Roenier,  J.  (J.  Roemer  &  Co.) 

Richards,  Wm.  R^  |,Richards  &  Brown.) 

Reeve,  Nathan  (N.  Reeve  &  Co.) 

Raymond,  George.  Reider,  J. 

Sinclair,  John  (Brown  &  Sinclair.) 

Smith,  Denison  B.  (D.  B.  Smith  &  Co.) 

Strong,  James  R.  Spencer,  George. 

Stevens,  John  (Stevens  &  Chase.) 

Shoemaker,  Matthew  (Hubbards  &  Shoemaker.) 

Smith,  Wm.  H.  (Kraus  &  Smith.) 

Shattuck,  I.  D.  (Shattuck,  Warren  &  Co.) 

Secor,  Joseph  K.  (Secor,  Berdan  &  Co.) 


Steele,  Denison. 
Hall  &  Co.) 

Steele,  William. 


Skidmore,  L.  M. 

Smith,  David  (H.  B. 

Stephan,  Andrew. 

Stone,  W.  H. 

Truax,  Perry  B  (West  &  Truax.) 

Thomas,  Augustus  (Curtis  &  Thomas.) 

Tarbox,  C.  S.  (C.  H.  Coy  &  Co.) 

Walbridge,  Horace  S.         Waggoner,  Clark. 

Walbridge,  Ebenezer  (H.  S.  Walbridge  &  Co.) 

Walbridge,  Henry  D.  (Hoag  &  Walbridge.) 

Walker,  Wm.  T.  (Walker  &  Hayes.) 

Woodbury,  George  (Hyde  &  Woodbury.) 

Williams,  E.  (Williams  &  Hallaran.) 

Williams,  G.  R.  Wales,  Charles  T. 

Wilcox,  Minott  I.  (Wilcox  Brothers.) 

Walterhouse,  John  W.       Williams,  H.  F. 

Worts,  George  (George  Worts  &  Co.) 

West,  Charles  (West  &  Truax.) 

Winans,  Charles  E.  (Scott  &  Winans.) 

Waite,  M.  R.  (M.  R.  &  R.  Waite.) 

Worts,  M.  C. 

Young,  Samuel  M.  (Young  &  Backus.) 

1867 — President,  H.  S.  Walbridge;  Vice  President, 
Francis  J.  King;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Carlos 
Colton  ;  Inspector  of  Grain,  Edwin  Avery. 

1868 — President,  Chas.  A.  King ;  1st  Vice  Presi- 
dent, D.  B.  Smith  ;  2d  Vice  President,  M.  D.  Carring- 
ton ;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Carlos  Colton  ;  In- 
spector of  Grain,  Alonzo  Godard. 

1869 — President,  Francis  J.  King;  1st  Vice  Presi- 
dent, M.  D.  Carrington  ;  2d  Vice  President,  John  N. 
Drummond ;  Secretary,  Chas.  T.  Wales;  Treasurer, 
Carlos  Colton ;   Inspector  of  Grain,  Alonzo  Godard. 

1870 — President,  F.  J.  King;  1st  Vice  President, 
John  Sinclair;  2d  Vice  President,  W.  T.  Walker; 
Secretary,  C.  T.  Wales ;  Treasurer,  Carlos  Colton ; 
Inspector  of  Grain,  Alonzo  Godard. 

1871 — President,  Miles  D.  Carrington  ;  Ist  Vice 
President,  N.  M.  Howard  ;  2d  Vice  President,   John 

B.  Carson  ;  Secretary,  C.  T.  Wales ;  Treasurer,  Carlos 
Colton;  Inspector  of  Grain,  Alonzo  Godard. 

1872 — President,  John  Sinclair ;  1st  Vice  President, 
Elijah  Williams  ;  2d  Vice  President,  John  B.  Carson  ; 
Secretary,  C.  T.  Wales ;  Treasurer,  Carlos  Colton ; 
Inspector  of  Grain,  Alonzo  Godard. 

1873— President,  John  Sinclair ;  1st  Vice  Presi- 
dent, Abram  W.  Colton  ;  2d  Vice  President,  Edward 

C.  Bodman  ;  Secretary, C.  T.  Wales;  Treasurer,  Carlos 
Colton  ;  Inspector  of  Grain,  A.  Godard  ;  Weiglier, 
H.  G.  Brown. 

1874— President,  A.  W.  Colton  ;  1st  Vice  Presi- 
dent, H.  E.  Bangs  ;  2d  Vice  President,  J.  B.  Carson  ; 
Secretary,  C.  T.  Wales  ;   Treasurer,  Carlos  Colton. 

1875 — President,  A.  W.  Colton;  1st  Vice  Presi- 
dent, E.  R.  Williams  ;  2d  Vice  President,  J.  B.  Mon- 
roe ;  Secretary,  C.  T.  Wales ;  Treasurer,  Carlos  Colton. 

TOLEDO  PRODUCE  EXCHANGE. 

In  connection  with  the  election  of  officers  of 
the  Board  of  Trade  for  the  year  1876,  there 
arose  the  question  of  a  closer  and  more  eiScient 
organization,  which  should  not  only  more  fully 
promote  the  immediate  business  ends  sought, 
but  provide  means  for  the  early  erection  of  a 
building  affording  provision  for  the  Board,  and 
at  the  same  time  furnish  office  accommodations 
for  members  and  others.  On  this  point  there 
was  a  difference  in  judgment.  But  the  advo- 
cates of  such  policy  proceeded  to  put  the  same 
into  operation,  and  on  the  7th  of  January,  1876, 
"The  Toledo  Produce  Exchange"  was  organ- 


TRADE  ORGANIZATIONS. 


477 


ized.     The  officers  of  that  body  have  been  as 

follows : 

1876— President,  Henrj'  D.  Walbridge ;  1st  Vice 
President,  Geo.  IMilniine  ;  2d  Vice  President,  Geo.  E. 
AVelles ;  Secretary,  C.  T.  Wales  ;  Treasurer,  Horatio 
S.  Young;  Directors,  M.  D.  Carrington,  S.  C.  Rey- 
nolds, E."R.  AVillianis,  H.  E.  Bangs,  A.  L.  Backus,  W. 
T.  Walker,  Edwin  Goldsmith,  Wm.  H.  Whitaker, 
Vincent  Hamilton.  Elijah  Williams. 

1877 — President,  A.  L.  Backus;  1st  Vice  Presi- 
dent, E.  Williams;  2d  Vice  President,  Jame.s  B.  Mon- 
roe ;  Secretary,  C.  T.  Wales  ;  Treasurer,  H.  S.  Young. 

1878 — President,  Geo.  Milmine ;  1st  Vice  President, 
E.  R.  Williams  ;  2d  Vice  President,  S.  C.  Reynolds ; 
Secretary,  D.  B.  Smith  ;  Treasurer,  F.  B.  Shoemaker. 

Following  is  a  list  of  members  of  Toledo 
Produce  Exchange,  January  1,  1878  : 

Backus,  A.  L.,  Y^oung  &  Backus,  Grain  Commission. 

Backus,  W.  W.,  with  Young  &  Backus. 

Backus,  Samuel  R.,  with  Y'oung  &  Backus. 

Backus,  Alexander,  with  Young  &  Backus. 

Baker,  C.  H.,  Grain  Commis.sion. 

Baldwin.  B.  F.,  with  Carrington  &  Casey. 

Bangs,  H.  E.,  Bangs  &  Wagar,  Grain  Commission. 

Bashare,  Milo,  Grain  Commission. 

Baumgardner,  L.  S.,  L.  S.  Baumgardner&  Co.,  Whole- 
sale Notions.  &c. 

Bellman,  W.  H.,  Crabbs,  Bellman  &  Co.,  Grain  Com- 
mission. 

Blass,  James,  Blass  &  Chapin,  Grain  Commission. 

Bodman,  E.  C,  Milmine  &  Bodman,  Grain  Com'n. 

Bowman,  Justice  H.,  with  Reynolds  &  Co. 

Braisted,  E.  E.,  C.  A.  King  &  Co. 

Browne,  Ed.  F.,  E.  F.  Browne  &  Co.,  Grain  Com'n. 

Brown,  J.  Court,  with  C.  A.  King&  Co. 

Brown,  W.  O.,  W.  O.  Brown  &  Co.,  Packers. 

Burdick,  Leander,  Chase,  Isherwood  &  Co.,  Tobacco 
Manufacturers. 

Cameron,  Chas.  E.,  with  Milmine  &  Bodman. 

Carrington,  jNI.  D.,  Carrington  &  Casey,  Grain  Com'n. 

Casey,  T.  B.,  Carrington  &  Casey. 

Carrington,  Wm.  T.,  Carrington  &  Casey. 

Chapin,  F.  C.,  Blass  &  Chapin. 

Coe,  C.  W.,  with  Walker  &  Co. 

Colton,  A.  W.,  Grain  Commission. 

Commager,  David  H.,  Attorney. 

Cooper,  Wm.  H.,  Milmine  &  Bodman. 

Ciabbs,  Perry,  Crabbs,  Bellman  &  Co. 

Crabbs,  J.  M.,  Crabbs,  Bellman  &  Co. 

Crosby,  Wm.  F.,  Red  Line  Transit  Co. 

Cummings,  John,  R.  &  J.  Cummings,  Boots  and  Shoes. 

Curtis,  E.  A.,  with  Milmine  &  Bodman. 

Davis,  Geo.  W.,  President  Second  National  Bank. 

Dennis,  John  A..  V.  Hamilton  &  Co. 

Devoe,  H.  W.,  with  Henrv  D.  Walbridge. 

Draper,  E.  D..  with  W.  A'.  Rundell  &  Co. 

Dowling,  P.  H.,  Goldsmith  A  Dowling,  Grain  Com'n. 

Dunlap,  Thos.  Jr..  with  Revnolds  Bros. 

Fiske,  John  M.,  W.  T.  Walker  &  Co. 

Fisk,  J.  B..  Grain  Commission. 

Flower,  S.  W.,  S.  W.  Flower  &  Co.,  Grain  Com'n. 

Foster,  F.  E.   Grain  Commission. 

Gassaway,  Geo.,  with  Carrington  &  Casey. 

Godard,  Alonzo,  Grain  Inspector. 

Goldsmith,  E.,  Goldsmith  iV  Dowling. 

Hallaran,  Richard,  Williams  &  Hallaran,  Grain  Com. 

Hamilton,  Vincent,  V.  Hamilton  &  Co. 

Hayes,  Henry  J.,  Grain  Commis.sion. 

Hewitt,  Chas.  T.,  with  Carrington  &  Casey. 

Hooper,  Wm.  H..  with  E.  R.  Williams  &  Co. 

Howard,  N.  M.,  N.  M.  Howard  &  Co.,  Grain  Com'n. 

Howard,  Charles  R..  N.  SI.  Howard  &  Co. 

Howe,  Chas.  T.,  V.  Hamilton  &  Co. 


Ketcham,  John  B.,  Ketcbam,  Bond  &  Co.,  Wholesale 

Grocers. 
Ketcham,  V.  H.,  President  First  National  Bank. 
King,  Chas.  A.,  C.  A.  King&  Co.,  Grain  Commission. 
King,  F.  J.,  Vice  President  Second  National  Bank. 
Malcom,  W.  L.,Malcom,  Thorpe  &  Co.,  tirain  Com'n. 
Milmine,  George,  Milmine  &  liodman. 
Monroe,  James  B..  Manager  D.  &  M.  Elevators. 
Morehouse,  W.  H.,  W.  H.  Morehouse  &  Co.,  Grain 

Commission. 
Read,  S.  M.,  with  Milmine  &  Bodman. 
Reynolds,  S.  C,  Reynolds  Bros.,  Grain  Commission. 
Reynolds,  Chas.  L.,  with  Revnolds  Bros. 
Reynolds,  W.  R.,  Revnolds  Bros. 
Richards,  W.  R.,  retired. 
Rolland.  G.  H.,  with  V.  Hamilton  &  Co. 
Royce,  Chas.  H.,  Grain  Commission. 
Rundell,  W.  A.,  W.  A.  Rundell  &  Co.,  Grain  Com'n. 
Secor,  J.  K.,  Director  Second  National  Bank. 
Shoemaker,  F.  B.,  Cashier  Northern  National  Bank. 
Spencer,  Joseph  M.,  Cashier  First  National  Bank. 
Stevens,  John,  John  Stevens  &  Co.,  Grain  Com'n. 
Stock,  Edward  J.,  with  ReynoldsBros. 
Tate,  J.  S.,  Milmine  &  Bodman. 
Taylor,  Thos.  A.,  with  A.  A.  Taylor,  Miller. 
Thorpe,  Richmond  T.,  Malcom,  Thorpe  &  Co. 
Townsend,  W.  A.,  with  Williams  &  Hallaran. 
Van  Home,  S.  V.  A.,  with  A.  W.  Colton. 
Wagar,  M.  H.,  Bangs  &  Wagar,  Grain  Commission. 
Walbridge,  Henry  D..  Grain  Commission. 
Wales,  Chas.  T.,  Agent  Grand  Trunk  Railway. 
Walker,  W.  T.,  W.  T.  Walker  &  Co. 
Warner,  Geo.  A.,  with  Henry  D.  Walbridge. 
Warren,  C.  C,  C.  C.  Warren  &  Co.,  Coffee  and  Spices. 
Watkins,  Geo.,  with  Milmine  &  Bodman. 
Welles,  Geo.  E.,  with  E.  R.  Williams  &  Co. 
Whitaker,  Wm.H.,  C.  A.  King  &  Co. 
Whitaker,  Chas.  F.,  with  C.  A.  King  &  Co. 
Williams,  Elijah,  Williams  &  Hallaran. 
WiUiams,  E.  R.,  E.  R.  Williams  &  Co.,  Grain  Com'n. 
Williams,  Geo.  E.,  with  E.  R.  Williams  &  Co. 
Wiltbank,  W.  B.,  Grain  Commission. 
Winans.  I).  H.,  Malcom,  Thorpe  &  Co. 
Wood,  S.  B.,  Wholesale  Grocer. 
Worts,  Geo.  F.,  W.  H.  Morehouse  &  Co. 
Y'oung,  Samuel  M.,  President  Toledo  National  Bank. 
Young,  Horatio  S. 

Young,  Frank  I.,  with  Y'oung  &  Backus. 
Zahm,  J.  F.,  with  Williams  &  Hallaran. 

1879-President,  W.  T.  Walker;  1st  Vice  Presi- 
dent, Elijah  Williams ;  2d  Vice  President,  James  Blass; 
Secretary,  D.  B.  Smiih ;  Treasurer,  F.  B.  Shoemaker. 

1880— President,  M.  D.  Carrington  ;  1st  Vice  Presi- 
dent, A.  L.  Backus;  2d  Vice  President,  Henry  D. 
Walbridge  ;  Secretary,  D.  B.  Smith ;  Treasurer,  F.  B. 
Shoemaker. 

1881— President,  E.  C.  Bodman;  ].st  Vice  Presi- 
dent, James  Blass ;  2d  Vice  President,  Geo.  E.  Welles ; 
Secretary,  D.  B.  Smith  ;  Treasurer,  Wm.  Cummings. 

1882- President,  James  Blass;  IstVice  President, 
W.  T.  Walker  ;  2d  Vice  President,  Richard  Hallaran  ; 
Secretary,  D.  B.  Smith  ;  Treasurer,  Wm.  Cummings. 

1883 — President,  Geo.  Mihnine  ;  1st  Vice  Presi- 
dent, Wm.  H.  Bellman;  2d  Vice  President,  John 
Cummings;  Secretary,  D.B.Smith;  Treasurer,  Wm. 
Cummings. 

1884— President,  W.  T.  Walker;  1st  Vice  Presi- 
dent, Wm.  H.  Bellman;  2d  Vice  President,  John 
Cummings;  .Secretary,  D.  B.  Smith;  Treasurer,  Wm. 
Cummings. 

Inspector  of  Grain,  Alonzo  Godard ;  Inspector 
and  Weigher  of  Seeds  and  Hogs,  Harvey  G.  Brown ; 
Inspector  of  Pork,  Provisions  and  Fish,  Joel  W. 
Kelsey  ;  Inspector  of  Lumber,  J.  W.  Walterhouse ; 
Inspector  of  Weights  and  Measures,  Charles  Ballard  ; 
Ganger,  Jacob  Landman. 


478 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


1885  -  Presiilont,  Wm.  H.  Bellman  ;  1st  Vice  Presi- 
dent, Geo.  Miliiiiiie;  2il  Vii-u  Pirsiilent.  Richard 
Hallarau  ;  Secretary,  D.  B.  Smith  ;  Treasurer,  Wm. 
Cumniintrs.  „      -j     i. 

ISSli-President,  James  Blass;  1st  \  ice  President, 
Sheldon  C.  Kevnolds;  '-'d  Vice  President,  Wm.  H. 
Bellman  ;  SecrJtary,  D.  B.  Smith  ;  Treasurer,  Wm. 
Cuimuings.  ,  ^     tt- 

1SS7- ['resident,  Vincent  Hamilton;  1st  Vice 
President,  Abner  L.  Backus;  2d  Vice  President, 
Wm.  H.  Bellman;  Secretary,  D.B.Smith;  Treas- 
urer, Wm.  Cummings. 

Uirectors-S.  C.  Reynolds,  A.  W.  Colton,  F.  B. 
Shoemaker,  James  Blass,  S.  W.  Flower,  Milton 
Churchill,  Wm.  H.  iViorehouse,  Frank  I.  Young, 
Wm.  A.  Kundell,  E.  L.  Southworth. 

Inspector  of  Grain— Edwin  Goldsmith. 

Inspector  and  Weigher  of  Seeds  and  Hogs— Harvey 
G.  Brown. 

Inspector  of  Pork,  Provisions  and  Fish— W.  O. 
Brown. 

Inspector  of  Lumber — Aaron  L.  Kelsey. 

Inspector  of  V\' eights  and  Measures — Chas.  Ballard. 

Gauger— Jacob  Landman. 

Followino;  is  a  list  of  members  of  the  Toledo 
Produce  Exchange,  January  1,  1887  : 

Adams,  Charles  F.,  Cashier  Second  National  Bank. 

Annin,  F.  W.,  with  W.  H.  Morehouse  &  Co. 

Backus,  Abner  L..  A.  L.  Backus  &  Sons,  Grain  Com'n. 

Backus,  Samuel  R.,  A.  L.  Backus  &  Sons. 

Backus,  Wm.  W.,  A.  L.  Backus  _&  Sons. 

Backus.  Alexander,  A.  L.  Backus  &  Sons. 

Bodman,  Edward  C,  Milmine,  Bodman  &  Co.,  Grain 
Commission. 

Brigliam,  Wm.  E.,  with  Carrington  &  Co. 

Bowman,  Justice  H.,  Keynolds  Bros.,  Grain  Com'n. 

Blass,  James,  Blass  &  Chapin,  Grain  Commission. 

Barker,  Calvin,  Barker  &  Frost,  Insurance. 

Berdan,   P.   F.,    Secor,   Berdan    &    Co.,    Wholesale 
Grocers. 

Bellman,  W.  H.,  Crabbs,  Bellman  &  Co.,  Grain  Com'n. 

Bashare,  H.,  Grain  Commission. 

Balch,  G.  C,  Grain  Commission. 

Braun,  G.  A.,  BostV4ick,  Braun  &  Co.,  Hardware. 

Brown,  Clarence,  Brown  &  Geddes.  Attorneys  at  Law. 

Baumgardner,  L.  S.,  L.  S.  Baumgardner&  Co., Whole- 
sale iS'otions,  etc. 

Bennett,  M.  H.,  with  Churchill  &  Co. 

Burdick,  Leander,  Capitalist. 

*Carrington,  M.  D.,  Capitalist. 

Carrington,  Wm.  T.,  Carrington  &  Co.,  Grain  Com'n. 

Colton,  A.  W.,  General  Agent  Wabash  &  Erie  Line. 

Curtis,  C.  F.,  Curtis  &  Brainard,  Lumber. 

Chapin,  F.  C,  Blass  &  Chapin. 

Crabbs,  Perry,  Crabbs,  Bellman  &  Co. 

Cooper,  Wm.  M.,  Milmine,  Bodman  &  Co. 

Coe,  C.  C,  with  J.  J.  Coon. 

Coe,  C.  W.,  with  Churchill  &  Co. 

Coghlin,  Dennis,  Second  National  Bank,  Capitalist. 

Cameron,  Charles  E.,  with  Reynolds  Bros. 

Cummings,  John,  Ca|jitalist. 

Cummings,  Wm.,  President  Northern  Nat.  Bank. 

Commager.  D.  H.,  Judge. 

Coon,  J.  J.,  Grain  Commission. 

Curchill,  Milton,  Churchill  t<c  Co.,  Grain  Com'n. 

Cratz,  W.  E.,  Cratz  &  Stager,  Seed  and  Grain. 

Cratz,  Henry,  Cratz  &  Stager. 

Draper,  E.  D.,  with  J.  F.  Zahm  &  Co. 

Davis,  Geo.  W.,  President  Second  National  Bank. 

Devore,  H.  W.,  with  Henry  D.  Walbridge. 

Dodge,  F.  B.,  Brown,  Dodge  &  Pope,  Insurance  Agts. 

Flower,  S.  W.,  S.  W.  Flower  &  Co.,  Clover  Seed  and 

Grain. 
Frost,  Lewis  W.,  Barker  &  Frost. 
Fisk,  J.  B.,  Grain  Commission. 


Godard,  Alonzo. 

Gerkins.  E.  E..  Agent  Michigan  Central. 

Hathaway,  F.  H.,  Churchill  &  Co. 

Hathaway,  A.  H.,  Toledo  Milling  Co.,  Millers. 

Hodge,  W.  A.,  with  Reynolds  Bros. 

Hodge,  James,  Southworth,  Paddock  &  Co.,  Grain 

Commission. 
Hamilton.  V.,  V.  Hamilton  &  Co.,  Grain  Com'n. 
Ketcham,  John  B.,J.  B.  Ketcham  &  Co.,  Wholesale 

Grocers. 
*Ketcham,  V.  H.,  President  First  National  Bank. 
Ketcham,  Ctco.  H.,  Civil  Engineer. 
Ketcham,  V.  H.  Jr..  Teller  First  National  Bank. 
King,  Charles  A.,  C.  A.  King  &  Co.,  Grain  Com'n. 
King,  Frank  I.,  C.  A.  King  &  Co. 
King,  Francis  J.,  Vice  President  Second  Nat.  Bank. 
Keck,  T.  L.,  with  W.  A.  Rundell  &  Co. 
Milmine,  George,  Milmine,  Bodman  &  Co. 
Monroe,  James  B. 

Mitchell,  R.  B.,  Mitchell  &  Brown,  Millers. 
Morehouse,  W.  H.,  W.  H.  Morehouse  &  Co.,  Grain 

Commission. 
Moore,  J.  A.,  Director  Second  National  Bank. 
Merrell,  J.  B.,  T.  S.  Merrell  &  Co.,  Seeds,  etc. 
Merrell.  J.  H..  T.  S.  Merrell  &  Co. 
Maddy,  John  C,  with  Churchill  &  Co. 
Nearing,  Mars,  Vice  President  First  National  Bank. 
Parsons,  John  U. 

Paddock,  F.  L.,  Southworth,  Paddock  &  Co. 
Quale,  F.  N.,  Miller. 

Reynolds,  S.  C,  Reynolds  Bros.,  Grain  Commission. 
Reynolds,  ChailesL.,  Reynolds  Bros. 
Reynolds,  W.  R.,  Reynolds  Bros. 
Reynolds,  Fred  J.,  Reynolds  Bros. 
Read,  S.  M.,  Grain  Commission. 
Rundell,  W.  A.,  W.  A.  Rundell  «fc  Co.,  Grain  Com'n. 
Southard,  Thomas  J.,  Vessel  Agent. 
Secor,  J.  K.,  Director  Second  National  Bank. 
Secor,  James,  Secor,  Berdan  &  Co. 
Stager,  C  harles,  Cratz  &  Stager. 
Stock,  Edward  J.,  with  Reynolds  Bros. 
Shoemaker.  F.  B.,  Carrington  &  Co. 
Shoemaker,  M.,  Jr.,  Grain  Commisaion, 
Smith,  Denison  B.,  Secretary  Produce  Exchange. 
Southworth,  E.  L.,  Southworth,  Paddock  &  Co. 
Taylor,  Thomas  A.,  N.  W.  Elevating  &  Milling  Co., 

Millers. 
Van  Horn,  S.  V.  A. 
Walker,  W.  T.,  City  Auditor. 
Whitaker,  W.  H.,  Grain  Commission. 
Waite,  John  A.,  Plumber. 
*Walbridge,  Henry  D.,  CJrain  Commission. 
Walbridge,  H.  S..  Director  Toledo  National  Bank. 
Williams,  E,  R.,  Grain  Commission. 
Worts,  Geo.  F..  Lloyd  &  Worts,  Bakers. 
Young,  Horatio  S.,  Young  Bros.,  Grain  Commission. 
Young.  Frank  I.,  Young  Bros. 

Young,  Samuel  M.,  President  Toledo  National  Bank. 
Zahm,  J.  F.,  J.  F.  Zahm  &  Co.,  Grain  Commission. 
*Deceased. 

Following  is  the  Tarift'  of  Commissions  in 
operation,  with  the  Toledo  Produce  Exchange 
in  1887: 

FOR  SELLING. 

Wheat Ic.  per  bush. 

All  other  Grain,  except  Oats Ic.        " 

Oats Jc. 

Provisions,  as  Pork,  Lard,  Beef  and 
Fish,  on  sales  of  |1.000  and  over__ ,     IJ  per  cent. 

Provisions,  as  Pork,  Lard,  Beef  and 
Fish,  on  sales  of  less  than  $1,000 2i 

Produce,  as  Butter,  Eggs,  Cheese, 
Fruits,  Hides,  Pelts,  Poultry,  Pota- 
toes, etc.,  on  sales  of  $500  or  over 2J        " 


^^^^V.^^^/7^ 


TRADE  ORGANIZATIONS. 


479 


Produce,  as  Butter,  Eggs.  Cheese, 
Fruits,  Hides,  Pelts,  Poultry,  Pota- 
toes, etc.,  on  sales  of  less  than  $500_  5     per  cent. 

Dressed  Hogs li  " 

Seeds l| 

Feed -"lOc.  per  ton. 

When  advances  are  made,  not  less  than  eight 
per  cent,  per  annum  interest  and  commission  shall  be 
charged.  Fire  Insurance,  Storage,  Ih-ayage  and  In- 
spection, when  incurred,  to  be  charged  in  addition 
to  the  above. 

Canal  Boats  in  all  cases  to  pay  for  unloading 
cargoes. 

FOR  BUYING. 

Wheat  Ic.  per  bush. 

All  other  Grain,  except  Oats,  under  n- 

car  lots Ic.         " 

All   other  grain,   except  Oats,  5  cars 

and  upwards Jc.         " 

Oats ic. 

All  deals  for  future  delivery,  when 
settled  before  thedelivery  of  grain  __     ic. 

Provisions,  as   Pork,   Lard,   Beef   and 

Fish,  in  lots  of  $1,000  and  over 1     per  cent. 

Provisions,  as   Pork,   Lard,   Beef  and 

Fish,  in  lots  of  less  than  $1,000 2i         " 

Produce,  as  Butter,  Eggs,  Cheese, 
Fruits,  Hides,  Pelts,  Poultry,  Pota- 
toes, etc.,  in  lots  of  $1,000  ami  over_     li        " 

Produce,  as  Butter,  Eggs,  Cheese, 
Fruits,  Hides,  Pelts,  Poultry,  Pota- 
toes, etc.,  in  lots  of  less  than  J!1,000.     2.J 

Dressed  Hogs 1  " 

Seeds 1 

Feed 50c.  per  ton. 


CHARLES  AUGUSTUS  KING  wa.s  born  at 
Sackett's  Harbor,  New  York,  Augu.st  9,  1817. 
His  parents  were  William  and  Eliza  (Ingersoll) 
King.  The  father  was  born  in  Boston,  Massa- 
chusetts, in  the  year,  1786.  His  gi-audfather, 
during  the  Eevolutionary  War,  was  a  Tory, 
.siding  with  the  British  Government,  and  moved 
to  Xova  Scotia.  His  mother  was  born  in  Sa- 
vannah, Georgia.  Mr.  King  is  one  of  twelve 
children — seven  boys  and  five  girls.  Mr.  King 
came  to  Toledo  in  the  Spring  of  1841,  when  lie 
engaged  as  a  clerk  in  the  Commission  House  of 
Morgan  L.  Collins  &  Co.,  Forwarding  and 
Commission  Merchants,  where  he  remained 
until  the  Winter  of  1845-46,  when  he  entered 
like  employ  with  Edward  Haskell  &  Co.  In 
August,  1846,  with  N.  Mitchell,  he  established 
the  Forwarding  and  Commission  House  of 
Mitchell  &  King,  on  Water  Street,  near  Jeffer- 
son, which  continued  until  January,  1848,  when 
the  firm  was  dissolved,  Mr.  Mitchell  removing 
to  Cincinnati.  With  A.  J.  Field,  the  firm  of 
Field  it  King  was  then  organized,  which  con- 
tinued until  1853.  Then  was  formed  the  firm  of 
C.  A.  King  &  Co.  (Charles  B.  Phillips,  jiartner), 
which  continued  until  1855,  when  Ebenezer 
Walbridge  succeeded  Mr.  Phillips.  In  January, 
1859,  was  formed  the  firm  of  King  Brothers  (C. 
A.  &  F.  J.  King),  to  which  afterwards  was  ad- 
mitted Fred.  H.  King.  Other  pai'tners  of  the 
Kings    were    W.    H.    Whitaker,    and    George 


Gassaway,  the  firm  now  (1888)  consisting 
of  C.  A.  and  Fi-ank  I.  King,  doing  business  at 
the  old  stand,  coi'ner  of  Madison  ami  W^ator 
St I'eets,  which  the  .•senior  ])artner  has  owned 
since  185H.  It  is  tiie  oldest  Grain  llnusein  To- 
ledo, its  history  covering  a  period  of  nearly  42 
_years.  In  1855  Mr.  King  contracted  for 
building  the  first  Grain  Elevator  (No.  1) 
for  the  Wabash  Railway.  Since  the  institu- 
tion of  Banks  in  Toledo,  he  has  been  con- 
nected with  these  as  Stockholder  and  Di- 
rector. He  was  one  of  the  five  Tiustees  a])- 
|)ointed  by  the  Couft  of  Common  Pleas,  to 
whose  direction  was  assin;ned  the  construction 
of  the  Toledo  and  Woodville  Pailroad  in  1870. 
He  has  been  a  member  of  evoiy  Board  of  Trade 
in  the  City,  beginning  with  the  first  one  in 
1849  ;  now  holds  like  relation  with  the  Produi-e 
Exchange;  and  was  President  of  the  fi)rmer  body 
in  1868.  He  was  many  years  President  of  the*5klu- 
tual  Insurance  Company.  Politically.  Mr.  King 
was  a  Whig  while  that  party  existed,  and  has 
since  been  identified  with  the  Republican  party. 
Elected  as  Mayor  of  Toledo  in  1867,  he  sei'ved 
for  two  j^ears.  At  a  special  election  held  in 
December,  1868,  he  was  cho.sen  State  Senator, 
to  succeed  James  C.  Hall,  deceased.  Among 
the  measures  which  received  his  special  sup- 
port, was  what  is  known  asthe  "  Interest  law," 
under  which,  by  special  agreement,  eight  per 
cent,  interest  was  made  payable,  the  regular 
legal  rate  remaining  at  six  ])er  cent.  In  1882, 
he  was  the  Republican  candidate  for  Congress 
in  the  Toledo  District,  and  with  a  Democratic 
majority  of  3,000  in  the  District,  he  came  within 
1,104  votes  of  an  election,  running  1,051  ahead 
of  the  Republican  ticket  in  Lucas  County.  F. 
H.  Hurd,  of  that  County,  was  the  Democratic 
candidate.  For  many  years  Mr.  King  was  an 
active  member  and  a  Trustee  of  the  Young 
Men's  Association,  and  subsequently  of  the  To- 
ledo Library  Association  organized  in  1865,  as 
he  also  was  and  yet  is  of  the  Toledo  Public 
Library.  On  the  occasion  of  the  coup  d'  etat  oc- 
curring at  the  annual  election  of  the  Young 
Men's  Association  in  October,  1864  (referred  to 
on  pages  036-637),  Mr.  King  was  specially  active 
in  the  organization  of  the  Toledo  Library  As- 
.sociation,  himself  making  a  contribution  of 
§1,000,  and  securing  a  large  amount  from  others, 
as  financial  basis  for  the  new  institution.  Mr. 
King  was  married  August  1,  1847,  with  Miss 
Mar^'  Dodd,  daughter  of  Ezra  B.  Dodd,  one  of 
the  earliest  settlers  of  Toledo.  She  died  at 
Cleveland  December  23,  1873,  aged  47  years, 
leaving  three  chihlren,  one  of  whom  mai-ried 
S.  T.  Dick,  of  ileadville,  Pennsylvania,  and  the 
second  daughter  married  Robinson  Locke,  of 
this  City  ;  the  youngest,  a  boy,  is  now  18  years 
old. 

MILES  D.  CARRINGTON  was  born  at 
Litchfield,  Connecticut,  January  1.  1823,  and 
died    at    Marseilles,  France,  March    22,    1887. 


479a 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


His  parents,  Eice  and  Abigail  (Seymour)  Car- 
rington,  were  born  in  Whethsfield,  Connecti- 
cut. His  father  was  a  farmer,  the  other  mem- 
bers of  the  family  being  engaged  in  different 
professions.  He  died  in"l846,  al  the  age  of  55 
years.  The  mother  died  at  the  advanced  age 
of  82  years.  She  was  connected  with  very 
prominent  families  of  Conecticut,  Governor 
SejMuour,  of  New  York  being  a  cousin.  The 
familj-  in  1840  removed  to  Oneida  County, 
New  York,  remaining  there  until  the  death  of 
the  father.  The  educutional  privileges  of  the 
sou  were  limited  to  the  District  Schools  of  the 
neighborhood  ;  hence,  his  literary  attainments 
w^ere  chiefly  the  result  of  his  subsequent  efforts 
amid  the  activities  of  life.  He  remained  with  the 
family  laboring  on  the  farm,  until  he  was  19 
j-ears  of  age.  In  1842  he  came  West  to  enter 
upon  his  life-work.  His  first  stop  was  in 
Hillsdale  County,  Michigan,  where  he  was 
variously  employed  for  two  years.  In  1844,  he 
went  to  Goshen,  Indiana,  where  he  spent  three 
years  as  clerk  in  a  store.  Being  then  24  years 
of  age  he  decided  to  enter  business  for  himself, 
and  for  sueh  purpose  opened  a  general  Store  at 
Middleburj-,  Indiana.  At  the  end  of  two  vers 
(184fl),  Theodore  B.  Casey  became  a  partner. 
This  arrangement  was  continued  with  success 
until  1854,  when  the  partners  removed  to  Toledo, 
aud  thelirm  of  Carrington  &  Casey  opened  a 
Grain  and  Commission  House,  whose  business 
soon  became  large.  Probably  no  establish- 
ment did  more  than  theirs  toward  the  develop- 
ment of  that  branch  of  trade  in  Toledo;  while 
in  extent  of  ti-affic  they  \\  ere  abreast  the  fore- 
most. Not  limiting  that  trade  they  ere  long 
became  prominently  identified  with  the  trans- 
portation interest  by  the  purchase  and  build- 
ing ot  valuable  shipping  which  were  among 
the  best  and  most  sueccessful  on  the  Lakes. 
In  this  way  the  trade  of  Toledo  was  ma- 
terially promoted.  At  the  time  of  Mr.  Car- 
riugton's  arrival  and  for  seven  years  there- 
after there  was  no  organization  of  Grain 
dealers  in  Toledo.  In  1861,  the  Toledo 
Board  of  Trade  wag  established,  of  which  he 
was  one  of  the  first  Directors,  as  he  repeatedly 
was  in  subsequent  years ;  while  in  1868,  and 
again  in  1869,  he  was  Vice  President,  and 
was  the  President  in  1871.  Upon  the 
organization  of  the  Produce  Exchange  in- 
January,  1876,  Mr.  Carrington  was  elected  as 
a  Director,  as  he  afterwards  repeiitedlv  was, 
and  as  President  in  1880.  In  1878,  the  new 
corporation  entered  ujion  the  work  of  con- 
struction of  the  building  at  the  Northeast 
corner  of  Madison  and  St.  Clair  Streets,  which 
work  was  placed  in  charge  of  a  building  Com- 
mittee, of  which  Mr.  Carrington  was  the  Chair- 
man. The  structure  was  completed  in  1879, 
and  was  among  the  most  elegant,  as  well  as 
most  convenint  and  profitable  edifices  of  the 
kind  in  the  country.  The  success  of  the  new 
organization    is   indicated  by    the   fact,    that 


membership  in  it  is  now  valued  at  $2,000, 
against  $20  in  the  old  Board  of  Trade. 

Mr.  Carrington's  convictions  as  to  general 
political  policy  always  were  with  the  Demo- 
cratic party,  with  which  he  generalh'  acted. 
During  the  War  of  the  Eebellion,in  connection 
with  a  large  portion  of  the  members  of  that 
party,  he  gave  vigorous  support  to  the  Govern- 
ment in  its  means  for  the  maintainance  of  the 
Union;  while,  at  the  same  time,  he  was  ever 
read}'  in  the  contribution  of  financial  aid  for 
the  benefit  of  soldiers  and  their  families.  In 
1874,  without  his  knowledge,  he  was  nomi- 
nated by  the  Democrats  as  a  candidate  for  State 
Senator,  when  he  declined.  In  1877  Governor 
Bishop  appointed  him  as  member  of  the  Board 
of  State  Charities,  Governor  Foster  re-apjjoint- 
ing  him  to  the  same  in  1880,  in  which  position 
he  contributed  much  toward  the  important 
objects  of  that  body. 

Mr.  Carrington  was  married  November  20, 
1849,  with  M'iss  Elizabeth  M.,  daughter  of  Ly- 
man and  Maria  Casey,  of  York,  Livingston 
County,  New  York.  She  was  a  sister  of 
Theodore  B.  Casey,  of  St.  Paul,  Minnesota, 
and  Mrs.  John  N.  Stevens,  of  Toledo. 
Mrs.  Carrington,  from  her  first  coming  to 
Toledo,  took  and  held  a  position  of  special 
prominence  in  religious  and  charitable  work, 
not  only  connected  with  her  particluar  Church, 
but  in  various  benevolences  of  the  City.  She 
was  among  the  most  active  in  the  establish- 
ment of  the  Protestant  Orphans'  Home,  as  she 
always  was  among  its  most  efficient,  liberal 
and  earnest  managers,  serving  for  20  years  as 
Pi-esident  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  and  de- 
voting to  its  management  much  of  her  time. 
In  other  directions  she  was  ready  and  effective 
in  like  work.  She  was  long  prostrated  by 
fatal  disease,  which  was  borne  with  true  Chris- 
tian patience,  and  terminated  in  death  August 
17,  1886.  Mr.  Carrington  left  six  children — 
Alice  C.  C,  wife  of  Charles  H.  Eoyce.  New 
York ;  Kate  L.,  wife  of  Frederick  B.  Shoe- 
maker, Toledo  ;  William  T.,  Toledo  ;  Annie  B., 
wife  of  John  S.  Hannah,  Chicago,  Illinois ; 
and  Misses  Zoe  and  Bessie  M.  Carrington, 
Toledo. 

ABNER  L.  BACKUS  was  born  in  Colum- 
bus, Ohio,  June  27,  1818.  He  is  a  son  of 
Thomas  and  Temperance  (Lord)  Backus.  His 
paternal  grandfather,  Elijah  Backus,  was  a 
native  of  Norwich  .Connecticut,  who  after  gradu- 
ation at  Yale  College  and  admission  to  the  Bar 
as  an  Attorney  at  Law,  removed  to  Marietta, 
Ohio,  in  1800,  and  was  appointed  Eeceiver  of 
Public  Mone}'s  for  the  United  States.  He 
practiced  law  with  Wyllis  Silliman;  and  estab- 
lishe<i  atMarietta  the  OAio  Gazette  and  Virginia 
Herald,  which  was  the  third  newspaper  started 
in  the  Northwest,  the  first  issue  appearing 
about  December  1,  1801.  It  was  issued  once 
in  three  weeks,  and  supported  the  Adminis- 


I 


TRADE  ORGANIZATIONS. 


479& 


tion  of  President  Jefferson.  Mr.  Backus  was 
a  member  of  the  Ohio  Senate  in  1803.  Ijcwis 
Cass  prepared  him.self  for  admission  to  the  Bar 
in  the  office  of  Backus  &  Silliman.  Mr.  Backus 
at  one  time  owned  and  sold  to  Blonnerliasset, 
the  Island  in  the  Ohio,  near  Marietta,  which 
subsequently  became  celebrated  as  the  scene  of 
Aaron  Burr's  famous  conspiracy  against  the 
peace  of  the  United  States  and  the  rights  of 
Mexico.  Abner's  lather  (Thomas  Backus)  was 
also  a  graduate  of  Yale  College;  also  became 
a  Lawyer,  and  was  one  of  the  early  practicing 
Attorney's  of  Franklin  County,  Ohio.  The 
maternal  grandfather  (Abncr  Lord)  came  to 
Ohio  with  the  veiy  first  of  the  jiioneers,  settling 
in  1788  at  Marietta,  where  he  was  a  Merchant, 
and  also  engaged  extensively  in  Ship-building, 
taking  his  vessels,  during  high  water  in  the 
Spring  to  New  Orleans,  where  thcs'  were  either 
sold  or  put  in  charge  of  employed  Masters.  In 
common  with  thousands  of  other  enterprising 
men  in  lilce  business,  he  was  financial! j-  ruined 
by  the  "Embargo  policy"  of  the  Jefferson's 
Administration.  Mr.  Thomas  Backus  had  one 
sister,  who  became  the  wife  of  Judge  Pope,  of  the 
t' nitedStates  Coiirtin  Illinois, and  who  was  the 
father  of  General  J  oh  n  Pope, of  the  United  States 
Army.  When  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was 
seven  years  old,  his  father  died,  leaving  a 
widow  with  five  children  to  care  for,  and  with 
limited  resources  for  such  charge.  Bej'ond  the 
means  (or  an  education,  he  received  nothing 
from  the  father's  estate.  His  School  facilities 
were  good,  he  having  been  educated  at  Marietta, 
then  in  educational  advantages  in  advance  of 
any  other  point  in  Ohio.  His  advent  in  business 
life  was  made  during  the  Winter  of  1837-38,  as 
Rodman,  in  the  Civil  Engineers'  Department, 
in  the  construction  of  the  Ohio  State  Canals. 
From  that  foundation-start,  he  gradually  ad- 
vanced in  position,  becoming  in  order.  Con- 
structing and  Superintending  Engineer,  Canal 
Collector  and  Member  and  President  of  the 
Ohio  Board  of  Public  Works,  until  his  with- 
drawal in  1878 — the  service  (with  the  exception 
of  six  years)  being  continuous  for  40  years.  In 
1857  he  was  elected  as  Member  of  the  Board, 
while  every  other  candidate  on  his  (the  Demo- 
cratic) ticket  was  defeated.  He  was  detailed 
in  1843  to  close  up  the  construction  accounts  of 
the  Western  Eeserve  and  Maumee  Road  (Per- 
rysburg  and  Bellevue),  and  subseciuently  for 
several  years  had  charge  of  that  work.  Polit- 
ically Mr.  Backus  has  always  been  a  Democrat, 
and  until  18G0  was  actively  identified  with  that 
party.  He  then  was  an  Alternate  Delegate  to 
the  Democratic  National  Convention  held  at 
Baltimore,  and  was  a  warm  supporter  of  the 
nomination  of  S.  A.  Douglas  for  President,  but 
became  so  far  dissatisfied  with  the  course  of 
events  in  that  connection  that  he  never  after- 


wards took  active  part  in  partisan  management, 
though  always,  through  his  ballot,  seeking  to 
promote  the  true  principles  of  Democracy.  For 
some  years  prior  to  18()0,  he  was  engaged  in 
different  mercantile  cnter])rises  on  the  Maumco 
River.  In  1863,  associated  with  Samuel  M. 
Young  (firm  of  Young  it  Backus),  he  purchased 
200  feet  River  front.  West  of  Adams  Street,  and 
built  thereon  the  large  Grain  Elevator,  which 
they  operated  continuously  until  July,  1880, 
when  that  firm  was  succeeded  by  A.  L.  Backus 
&  Sons,  who  also  operate  largely  in  the  Grain 
Commission  business.  In  1872,  Mr.  Backus 
was  one  of  a  few  citizens  of  Toledo,  by  whoso 
enterprise  and  energy  the  Columbus  and  To- 
ledo Railroad  was  secured  to  Toledo,  and  he 
served  as  Director  of  the  Company  for  eight 
years,  until  1882,  when  the  Road  was  consoli- 
dated with  the  West  Virginia  Railroad.  He 
was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Union  Elevator 
Company  of  East  Toledo,  in  1879,  of  which  ho 
is  now  the  President.  The  capacity  of  this 
VYarehouse  is  among  the  greatest  in  the  City, 
being  800,000  bushels.  Since  1872,  he  has  been 
a  Director  in  the  Toledo  Gas  Light  and  Coke 
Companj'.  He  has  been  a  Director  in  the  Pro- 
duce Exchange  ever  since  its  organization,  and 
has  been  both  its  Vice  President  and  President 
of  the  same.  In  the  Spring  of  1880,  Mr.  Backus 
was  appointed  by  Governor  Foster  as  a  member 
of  the  Metropolitan  Police  Board  of  Toledo,  in 
which  capacity  he  was  active  and  efficient 
toward  securing  a  greatly  improved  Police  or- 
ganization for  the  City.  He  may  justly  be 
placed  among  the  most  successful  of  Toledo's 
business  men — a  result  which  he  attributes 
largely  to  the  trials  in  hard  labor  and  self-de- 
nial to  which  absolute  necessity  subjected  him 
in  early  life.  His  first  pay  was  $15.00  per 
month,  with  $4.00  per  week  for  board,  of  which 
he  was  enabled  to  lay  by  a  liberal  store  for 
future  use.  Though  without  Church  connection, 
he  has  always  been  identified  with  the  Protes- 
tant Episcopal  Church.  Mr.  Backus  was 
married  October  29,  1844,  with  Miss  Elizabeth 
Reed,  daughter  of  Judge  Henry  Reed,  Sen., 
and  Temperance  (Pratt)  Reed,  of  Waterville, 
and  formerly  from  Connecticut.  Judge  Reed 
was  an  Associate  Judge  of  Lucas  County,  under 
the  old  constitution,  and  died  at  Toledo,  in 
July,  1864.  Mrs.  Backus  died  October  25, 1878, 
leaving  a  family  of  three  sons — William  W., 
Samuel  R.  and  Alexander,  all  of  Toledo :  and 
three  daughters— Elise  (Mrs.  S.  L.  Frazer), 
Duluth,  Minn.,  and  Ada  (Mrs.  Edwin  Jackson) 
and  Miss  Julia  M.,  of  Toledo.  Mr.  Backus 
was  married  a  second  time.  May  5,  1884,  with 
Mrs.  Lucretia  Maples  Hough,  of  Toledo,  a 
native  of  Norwich,  Connecticut.  Their  resi- 
dence is  at  the  Northwest  corner  of  Summit 
and  Bush  Streets,  Toledo. 


CHAPTER    XYII. 


TOLEDO    BUSINESS    AND    J'ROFESSIONS. 


ABRIP^F  rovivw  of  the  advertising  columns 
of  the  Toll-do  pajters  in  a  few  of  the  early 
years  ot  the  Cit}-,  will  siiow  something  of  the 
men  then  active  in  Ini.'^iiiess  and  professions  : 

1835.  (ieneral  JMerchandise  — Andrew  Palmer  & 
Co.,  South  side  Summit,  between  Monroe  and  Peri-y 
Streets ;  Andrew  Clark  ;  Isaac  Street ;  W.  J.  Daniels 
&  Co..  North  side  Summit,  between  Perry  and  Mon- 
roe ;  I.  C.  Smith,  corner  of  Summit  aud  Elm. 

Groceries  and  Provisions— A.  K.  Gibson  &  Co., 
"  on  the  Wharf,  next  door  to  Palmer  &  Co." 

Physician  and  Surgeon — Baxter  Bowman. 

Hardware,  Stoves,  «&c.— Piatt  &  Miller,  No.  2  Swan 
Street. 

Under  date  of  December,  1834,  Jaraes  L.  Bunce 
called  attention  to  his  Blacksmith  Shop  on  Summit 
Street,  "  immediately  fronting  the  Steam  Saw  and 
Gristmill." 

Samuel  Allen  ailvertised  Second-hanil  Wagons, 
Sleds,  &c. 

H.  C.  Putnam,  Bedsteads,  Axes,  &c.,  in  "  lower 
apartments  of  E.  Bissell's  Steam  Mill." 

Lands  for  Sale — Leonard  Whitmore,  adjoining 
River  tract,  nearly  opposite  Toledo. 

Card  &  Bennett,  the  Forbes  Place,  one  mile  from 
Toledo — two-thirds  cash,  and  balance  in  Steamboat 
wood. 

Philo  Bennett,  300  acres  on  South  side  Maumee 
River,  IJ2  miles  from  Toledo  ;  also,  half-acre  "ad- 
joining the  Indian  Reserve,  on  the  bank  of  the  Mau- 
mee River,  immediately  opposite  the  Town  of  Toledo," 
the  same  being  "  well  situated  for  business  purposes, 
fronting  on  the  River,  and  being  an  admirable  site 
for  wharfing."  This  property  is  now  in  the  Sixth 
Ward. 

Coleman  I.  Keeler,  Jr.,  201  acres,  near  Turnpike 
Road,  3,^2  miles  from  Toledo,  and  one  nule  from 
Goodsell's  Saw  and  Gristmills,  on  Swan  Creek  ;  price, 
1.5.00  per  acre. 

Samuel  Sibley,  a  valuable  farm  (120  acres),  four 
miles  from  Toledo,  and  one  mile  North  Indiana  Road; 
had  on  it  "a  good  log  house." 

Samuel  Eddy,  three  lots  on  Chestnut  Street, 
"  fronting  the  public  square;"  also, -would  lease  his 
Brick-yard  on  Elm  Street  and  Erie,  with  two  never- 
failing  springs  ol  water. 

Jabez  Thompson,  43  acres  of  land  (20  improved), 
"on  Indiana  Road,  at  junction  of  same  witli  Road 
leading  from  Toledo  to  Tremainsville,  one  mile  from 
each  Village."  On  the  premises  "three  good  Log 
Houses."  Enquiry  to  be  made  of  Mr.  T.,  on  the 
premises. 

Ezra  Goodell  and  Oliver  P.  Stevens  wanted  to  sell 
a  Saw  Mill,  on  Swan  Creek,  three  miles  from  Toledo. 
Its  capacity  was  300,000  or  400,000  feet  pei-  vear.  They 
wanted  1,000  to  2,000  saw-logs;  and  ottered  to  saw 
lumber,  taking  five-eighths  of  oak  and  sycamore,  or 
one-half  of  other  woods. 

One  advertisement  appears  from  Tremainesville— 
that  of  Sinclair  &  Wilkeson,  Tailors,  directly  over  the 
store  of  S.  L.  &  M.  L.  Collins. 

Harlo  Glass,  Carpenter  and  Joiner,  "  Toledo,  Mon- 
roe County,  iMichigan  Territory,"  advertised  for  jobs. 

Some  idea  may  be  had  of  the  range  of  merchandise 
trade  at  that  time,  from  the  variety'of  articles  soldbv 
A.  Palmer  &  Co.    Thev  had  Drv  Goods,  Groceries. 


Hardware,  Glassware,  China,  Stoneware,  Tin  and 
Japanned  Ware,  Boots  and  Shoes,  (Juns,  Flints,  Per- 
cussion Caps,  Nails,  Window  Glass,  House  Trim- 
mings, Cow  and  Ox  Bells.  Carpenters'  Tools,  Liquors 
and  Wines,  Tobacco,  Cigars,  "  Dipt  Candles,"  Patent 
Medicines,  &c.,  &c. 

Fanny  L.  Allen.  Administratrix  of  estate  of  Seneca 
Allen,  deceased,  by  order  of  Probate  Court  of  Monroe 
County,  Michigan,  advertised  for  sale  lot41(i,  Vistula' 
Division,  Toledo. 

Richard  H.  Comstock  oflfered  $.5.00  reward  for 
single-barrel  shot-gun  stolen  from  him.  It  "  had  a 
lock  fixed  for  using  ]iills,  the  hammer  striking  the 
top  of  the  barrel,  witli  a  brass  magazine,  to  contain 
pills,  so  constructed  as  to  prime  the  gun  on  turning 
it  around." 

Notice  was  given  for  an  election  of  officers  of  Port 
Lawrence  Township,  under  Laws  of  Ohio,  atCollins's 
Tavei'ii  in  Tremainesville,  April  (1,  1835. 

1836.  Merchants — Brintnall  &  Co.,  Successors 
to  Scott  i  Richardson. 

Brickmakers — Shaw  &  Keller. 

Sail-making  and  Glazing— Marsh  &  Carter. 

Tin  and  Cooper  Factory— Henry  P.  Benton. 

Storage  and  ForwardingatManliattan— Piatt  Card 
and  J.  L.  Chase,  who  state  that  "the  advantages  of 
that  Port  made  it  an  object  for  merchants  to  order 
their  goods  to  that  establishment." 

Rectifying  and  Provisions— Wheeler  &  Chester. 

Millinery  and  Dress  Making — Mrs.  Tilman  and 
Miss  Erwin. 

Lucas  City  Lots— Willard  Smith,  Eli  Hart  and 
George  Humphry — 1,500  lots  in  that  ■'  important  site, 
at  the  mouth  of  its  Maumee  River,  near  its  junction 
with  Lake  Erie. 

"  Fashionable  Hair  Dresser  and  Tonsor-General 
of  the  Profession  " — James  Phillis,  at  "the  Shaving 
Emporium,  No.  275  Summit  Street." 

1837.  Attorneys  at  Law— Bennett  &  Morton, 
John  Fitch,  Wade  &  Cooke,  E.  D.  Potter. 

Forwarding  and  Commissioner — Peckham  &  Co., 
BLssell  &  Gardner,  Palmer,  Bush  &  Co.,  W.  P.  Daniels 
A  Co, 

Merchants— S.  Allen  &  Co..  C.  G.  McKnight,  Dan- 
iels &  Goetteil,  Carpenter  &  Cheney,  Murfee  &  Hides, 
Jacob  Clark,  Brintnall  &  Co.,  Scott  &  Richardson, 
Olmstead  &  Walker,  Philander  Eggleston. 

Groceries— G.  E.  Spicer.  Douglass  &  Jennings, 
Wm.  Anderson,  S.  B.  Worden,  Comstock  &  Erwin, 
George  H.  Rich. 

Tin  and  Cooper  Ware  -  J.  W.  Snyder  &  Co. 

Druggists — Marshall  &  Wav,  Scoville  &  Southard, 
J.  W.  Gilbert  &  Co. 

Clothing -V.  H.  Ketcham,  F.  Lyon  &  Co. 

Tailors— Snell  lit  Cornell,  D.  Jacobs. 

Silversmith  &  Jeweler — E.  A.  Stoors. 

Physicians  and  Surgeons — G.  R.  Perkins  and  S. 
Mosher. 

Hotels — Toledo  House,  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Rail- 
road Depot,  of  Blin  &  Coy  ;  Jefferson  House,  Summit 
Street,  W.  A.  McClelland  ;  American  Hotel,  Daniel 
Segur;  Mansion  Mouse;  Summit  Street,  Clark  H.  Ry- 
der; Eagle  Tavern,  Summit  Street,  Ira  C.  Smith. 

Bakei'y- John  Pontious. 

Job  Printers — Fairbanks  &  Willard,  Summit  Street. 

Carriage-making  and  Blacksmiths — J.  and  J.  N. 
Mount. 


[480] 


TOLEDO  BUSINESS  AND  PROFESSIONS. 


481 


Saddle  aud  Harnessinakers  —  Whitney,  Eaton 
&  Co. 

Painting  and  Glazing— Ira  L.  Clark,  successor  to 
Redding  &  Co.  [From  the  opening  of  the  Cleveland 
and  Toledo  Railroad  in  IS.'io,  until  his  death  in  1885, 
Mr.  Clark  was  a  Conductor  on  that  line.] 

Columbus  Fire  Insurance  Company — Warren  Jen- 
kins, Agent.  [Mr.  Jenkins  came  to  Ohio  in  1S21I,  and 
then  started  an  Anti-Masonic  paper  at  Milan.  In 
1830  he  removed  his  office  to  Columbus  and  there 
continued  his  paper  for  a  time.  After  leaving  Toledo, 
he  became  a  clergyman  of  the  Presbyterian  Church, 
was  Chaplain  of  the  Ohio  Penitentiary  in  18G2,  and 
died  some  10  years  since.] 

Hartford  Fire  Insurance  Company— J.  Baker, 
Agent. 

Mozart  Society— C.  G.  McKnight,  Secretary. 

List  of  Letters— E.  D.  Potter,  Postmaster. 

Cabinet  and  Chair  Manufacturer— W^m.  R.  Hoyt. 

P.  R.  Hopkins  (of  Jlilan,  Ohio,)  and  others,  pro- 
prietors of  the  Town  plat  of  Port  Oleron,  Sandusky 
(now  Ottawa  County),  advertise  a  public  sale  of  lots 
in  that  town. 

Nathan  Lyman  &  Co.,  the  pioneer  Type-founders 
of  Buffalo,  have  an  advertisement,  in  which,  among 
other  stock,  they  ofler  Smith,  Rust  and  Ramage 
presses— the  latteV  being  of  the  style  of  the  Ben, 
Franklin  press,  now  in  the  Government  Museum, 
Washington,  D.  t'. 

Philip  I.  Phillips  gives  notice  that  he  will  apply 
to  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  for  "  license  to  keep 
a  public  house  in  the  Town  of  Tremainesville."  Such 
license  then  included  permission  to  sell  intoxicating 
liquors,  and  to  obtain  it,  notice  must  be  given,  and 
the  Court  satisfied  both  of  the  public  need  of  the  pro- 
posed tavern  and  of  "  the  good  moral  character  "  of 
the  applicant. 

1838.  Forwarding  and  Commission  Merchants 
— Peckham  &  Co.,  Palmer.  Bush  &  Co.,  Bissell  & 
Gardner,  Daniels  &  Co.,  J.  Baldwin  &  Co.,  W.  J.  Dan- 
iels and  C.  B.  King. 

Dry  Goods,  Groceries,  &c.— Daniels  &  Goettel, 
Jennings  &  Cheney,  Murfee  &  Hilles,  Jacob  Clark, 
J.  D.  Shepard,  John  Baldwin* Co.,  Scott  &  Richard- 
son. 

Hardware  —  Brintnall  &  Co.,  Wm.  Anderson, 
Comstock  &  Erwin. 

Stoves,  Tinware,  &c.— Bidwell  &  Co.  (Geo.  W. 
Bidwell,  John  Jay  Xewcombe.  and  C.  E.  Brintnall). 

Hat  Factory  — Clark  &  Legraen. 

Physicians — Ackley  &  Perkins,  Cha.s.  McLean, 
S.  Mosher. 

Attorneys — N.  H.  Swayne  (Columbus),  B.  J. 
Brown,  Tilden  &  Osborn,  Way  &  Cooke,  E.  D.  Potter, 
Bennett  &  Morton,  John  Fitch. 

Silversmith  and  Jewelers— E.  A.  Storrs. 

Milliner  and  Mantuamaker — Jliss  Erwin. 

Readymade  Clothing — F.  Lyon  &  Co. 

Groceries  and  Liquors — S.  B.  AVorden. 

Cabinet   Ware  Room— Wm.  R.  Hoyt. 

Hotels — Jefferson  House,  Upper  Toledo,  H.  De- 
Forest;  American  Hotel,  Lower  Toledo,  Dan.  Segur  ; 
Mansion  House,  Lower  Toledo,  C.  H.  Ryder; 
Eagle  Tavern,  Lower  Toledo.  J.  H.  Booth  ;  Toledo 
House,  "foot  of  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad," 
Summit  street,  near  Monroe,  J.  Blin  &  Co. 

Baker — John  Pontious. 

Painter  and  Glazier — Ira  L.  Clark. 

Tailors— G.  W.  More,  Levi  Snell. 

Market  and  Pro\'isions— Granville  Jones. 

Books  and  Stationery — Erastus  Roys  &  Co. 

Clock  and  Watchmaker — D.  F.  .Stow. 

Cigars,  and "'  Milee's  Extract  of  Tomato,  a  sovereign 
remedv  for  fevers  of  all  kinds — warranted  to  cure  " — 
C.  G.  McKnight. 

Drugs  and  Medicines  and  "  Locofoco  and  Lucifer 


Matches  "—Dr.  Chas.  McLean,  corner  Summit  and 
Walnut  streets. 

Forwarding  and  Commission  Merchants— John 
Poag  and  Howard  Morse,  foot  of  Lagrange  street. 

AVholesale  Dry  Goods— Titus  &  Co.— branch  of 
New  York  House,  corner  Summit  and  Lagrange. 

Concert  by  Mozart  Society— With  two  Eb.  clario- 
nets, live  key-trumpet,  one  B  trombone,  four  B 
clarionets,  one  valve-trumpet,  one  key-bugle,  one 
piccolo,  two  concert  horns  and  one  post-horn,  one 
octave  flute,  one  valve-trombone,  one  bass-horn,  and 
bass-drum. 

1839.  Clothing— S.  S.  and  V.  11.  Ketcham,  suc- 
cessors to  Ketcham  &  Snell.  Levi  Snell  opens  a  new 
lailoring  establishment. 

Dissolution — Partnership  of  James  Myers,  John  S. 
Butman  and  H.  A. Carpenter,  contractors  on  the  Canal. 

Theater — Detroit  Company  playing  "  The  Stran- 
ger," "The  Loan  of  a  Lover,"  "'How  to  Die  for 
Love  or  the  Rival  Captains,"  and  "  Blue  Devils." 
Tickets  50  cents. 

1840.  Dentist— J.  N.  Cassells;  charges-  pivot 
teeth,  $5.00  each  ;  on  gold-plate,  |8.00  each  ;  cavities 
filled,  50  cents  each  ;  extractions,  $1.00 ;  cleaning, 
$1.00.     Dr.  A.  Chandler. 

1843.  Forwarding  Merchants  &c. — Winslow  & 
Williams,  Daniels  &  Co.,  E.  Haskell  ct  Co.,  Fitch  & 
Co.,  Treat  &  Brown,  Ludlow  &  Babcock;  Collins, 
Palmer  &  Co,,  Peckham  &  Co.,  Mott&Co. 

Dry  Goods,  &c.— Wm.  Farmer,  V.  H.  Ketcham, 
W.  H.  Raymond,  R.  C.  Daniels. 

Groceries,  Paints,  &c. — A.  Ralston  &  Co.,  Stephen 
Marble,  Chas.  Mertz. 

Attorneys,  Land  Agents,  &c. — Tilden  &  Hill, 
Morton  &'  Whitney,  Hiram  C.  Clark,  C.  F.  Abbott, 
John  Fitch,  Mavor  Brigham,  Levi  G.  Montgomery, 
Edsou  Allen. 

Physicians  -  C.  Smith,  John  Mosher,  G.  R.  Perkins, 
Manly  Bostwick. 

Hotels-Indiana  House,  R.  N.  Lawton  ;  Western 
Hotel,  D.  Johnson;  American  Hotel,  Col.  John  Mc- 
Kenster. 

Mechanics — C.  Clum,  Carriages,  &c.;  John  A. 
Cole,  Harness,  &c.;  Henry  Clark,  Hats,  Caps,  &c., 
John  Kauffman,  Boots  and  Shoes ;  Geo.  C.  Redding, 
Painter. 

1844.  Dry  Gfoods,  Hardware,  &c.— Gid.AV.Weed, 
V.  H.  Ketcham,  James  Mvers,  Chas.  O'Hara,  R. 
Chenev,  Edward  Oilman,  J.  W.  Turner,  B.  D.  Tilden, 
Wm.  Farmer,  Daniel  Wadsworth,  W.  H.  Raymond, 
Frederick  Bissell. 

Boots  and  Shoes— John  K.auffman,  John  Keily. 

Ciroceries,  Paints,  &c.— A.  Ralston  &  Co.,  G.  R. 
Perkins,  Chas.  Mertz. 

Attornevs,  Land  Agents,  &c. — Hill  &  Bennett, 
Fitch  &  Scott,  Morton  &  Whitney,  Way  &  McBain, 
W.  W.  VanNess.  (At  Maumee — Thos.  Dunlap  Jr., 
and   J.  M.  CofEnbury.) 

Physicians— G.  R.  Perkins,  Smith  &  Taylor,  Man- 
ly Bostwick. 

Hotels— American  House,  J.  McKenster;  Indiana 
House,  R.  iST.  Lawton. 

Hats,  Furs,  &c.— Philo  H.  Pattee. 

Painting — Geo.  Redding. 

Auction  and   Commission — Decius  Wadsworth. 

Saddles,  &c.— X.  Witch. 

Stoves,  &c.— John  R.  Bond. 

Photographs— J.  T.  Teliga. 

Washing  Machines — E.  B.  Dodd. 

Watches,  &c.— D.  F.  Stow. 

Hardware,  Nails,  &c.— Kirkland  &  Whittaker,  A. 
Palmer  &  Co. 

Books,  &c. — Decius  Wadsworth. 

Ready  Made  Clothing— Thomas  &  Swartz. 

Meat  Market — C.  1.  KeelerJr.,  Wood&  Atkinson. 


482 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Furniture— J.  F.  Wolcott. 

Grave  Stones,  &c.— J.  M.  Rockwell. 

1845.  In  December,  W.  W.  Robin.'sonand  W.  Z. 
Barnev  opened  a  "  Daguerrean  Gallery  of  Colored 
Photofrraphic  Miniatures  in  Mott's  Block,  for  a  few 
davs  only."  being  the  pioneers  in  that  line.  Pictures 
were  "taken  in  from  lOtoliO  seconds,  neatly  execu- 
ted, possessing  all  the  beauties  of  life,  and  for  natural 
expression  surpassed  by  none— warranted  not  to 
fade  in  any  cliniaie— put  up  in  a  superior  manner, 
with  or  without  colors,  at  prices  from  $1..50  to  |3.00. 
Hours  of  operating  from  8  A.  M.  to  3  P.  M.,  without 
regard  to  weather." 

1846.  Money  Brokers  -Kraus  &  Co.,  corner  of 
Summit  and  Monroe  streets. 

Drugs  and  Medicines  -Thomas  Daniels,  successor 
to  Geo.  K.  Perkins,  opposite  the  Ohio  House,  about 
321  Summit  street. 

1847.  Soda  Fountain— Thomas  Daniels,  the  pio- 
neer establishment  of  Toledo;  designed  "for  both 
ends  of  the  Town  " — using  Swan's  Atmospheric  Soda 
Fountain— •'  Soda  free  "  between  2  and  10  p.  m.,  .June 
15th.  .Vlr.  Daniels  yet  supplies  the  same  article, 
having  meantime  invented  a  successful  fountain. 

1850.  Merchants— Berdan  &  Keeler,  Ketcham& 
Co.,  Whitney  &  Woodruff,  Thos.  Card,  E.  S.  Hanks, 
A.  Eddv  &  Co.,  Bell  &  Deveau,  Geo.  C.  Redding, 
Phillips  i-t  Hopkins,  J.  H.  Maples,  C.  B.  Eells  &  Co., 
S.&  .].  H.  Whitaker,  Fred.  Bissell,  P.  C.  &  A.  Moross, 
Peter  Yost,  Kraus  &  Roemer,  Kuehne  &  Schoening, 
Geo.  Walbridge. 

Books,  &c. — D.  H.  Nye,  D.  Wadsworth. 

Watches,  Jewelry,  &c. — James  Love.  D.  F.  Stow. 

Drugs,  &c.— Thos.  Daniels,  Z.  S.  Stocking,  S.  Lins- 
ley  &  Co. 

Produce  and  Commission -Simeon  Fitch,  Jr., 
Brownlee,  Pendleton  &  Co..  Thos.  Watkins  ,Jr.,  Field 
&  King,  Collins,  Brown  &  Co.,  E.  Haskell  &  Co., 
Godanl  &  Wiman,  Colton,  Wing  &  Co.,  Read  & 
Thompson,  Brown  &  Dodcf. 

.Mechanics — Wm.  Laughlin,  H.  Rudd,  J.  C.  H. 
Montgomery,  John  KaufFman. 

Lumber — J.  W.  Kelsey,  H.  A.  Bellamy. 

Meat  Market— Bellamy  &  Co.,  Salter  Bowers. 

Attorneys  and  Land  Agents— Young  &  Waite, 
Hill  &  Perigo,  Wm.  Baker,  Peter  E.  Latimer,  Henry 
Bennett,  Edward  Bissell,  Jr.,  Fitch  &  McBain,  Elisha 
Whittlesey  and  J.  W.  Scott. 

Physicians — Calvin  Smith,  Isaac  Hazlett,  W.  C. 
Scott,  A.  F.  Bissell,  W.  W.  Jones,  F.  Beecher. 

Hotels— Lyman  T.  Thayer,  Exchange,  corner  of 
St.  Clair  and  jefl'erson  ;  A.  F.  Hull,  Broadway  House, 
on  Broadway;  Ohio  House, cornerSuramitand  Walnut. 

Livery — James  Cole. 

Restaurants— John  Tiernan,  James  McNelly. 

Tailors — Granger  Brothers. 

Liquors— Brand  &  Lenk,  Wm.  H.  Peabody. 

Agents— Canal  Express  and  Doyle  &  Dickey's 
Canal  Line,  Wm.  J.  Finlay. 

Insurance— Henry  E.  Eagle,  D.  B.  Smith,  Chas. 
O'Hara,  E.  S.  Johnson,  Samuel  S.  Read,  H.  H.  Dodd. 

Marble — Johnson  &  Brown. 

Dentist-J.  Estile. 

Milliner) — Mrs.  J.  Kendall. 

Postmaster— tlezekiah  D.  Mason. 

1852.  Shipping  and  Commission  Merchants — O. 
Mather,  Julius  D.  Morton,  E.  S.  Johnson,  May  & 
Hathaway.  E.  B.  Brown  &  H.  H.  Dodd.  S.  R.  &  Alex. 
Reed,  C.  G.  Keeler  &  F.  L.  Nichols,  Alonzo  Godard, 
P.  Buckingham  &  Co.,  Simeon  Fitch,  Jr.,  Brownlee, 
Pendleton  &  Co.,  Thos.  Watkins,  Jr.,  Hollister  & 
Colton,  S.  S.  Read,  O.  C.  Thompson,  A.  J.  Field  & 
C.  A.  King,  Matthew  Brown  &  Frank  J.  King,  Hoag, 
Strong  &  Co.,  D.  B.  Smith  &  J.  E.  Hunt,  Jr.,  E.  Has- 
kell lie  Co.,  Geo.  A.  Caipcuter. 


Merchants— D.  F.  Stow,  V.  H.  Ketcham  &  Co., 
Kuehne  &  Schoening,  Bell  &  Deveau,  Azariah  Eddy 
&  Co.,  S.  &  J.  H.  Wkitaker,  Samuel  Brooks,  Kraus  & 
Roemer,  Thorner  &  Mack,  Jacob  Van  Orden,  C.  B. 
Eells,  Wm.  Durell,  Whitney  &  Woodruff,  Geo. 
Wilder,  J.  S.  &  W.  R.  Hull,  P.  F.  Berdan  &  S.  H. 
Keeler,  J.  II.  Maples  &  Co. 

Ciroceries  and  Liquors — Brand  &  Lenk,  W.  H, 
Peabody,  E.  S.  Hanks,  S.  Linsley  &  Co.,  P.  C.  Moross. 
Geo.  Redding. 

Drugs,  &c. — J.  M.  Ashley  &  Co.,  Thos.  Daniels. 

Books,  &c.— Nye  &  Johnson,  R.  Chadwick. 

Leather,  &o. — Batenahl  &  Brother. 

Cooper — L.  McCracken. 

Gardeners- F.  C.  Hansen  &  Co. 

Canal  Packet — Wm.  J.  Finlay,  Agent. 

Dentists-C.  P.  Culver,  J.  Estile. 

Clothing — CTranger&  Brother. 

Attorneys— E.  &  E.  Bissell  (Sen.  and  Jun.),  John 
J.  Manor,  Piatt  Card,  Young  &  Waite  (S.  M.  Young, 
Maumee,  and  M.  R.  Waite.  Toledo),  C.  W.  Hill  &  C. 
E.  Perigo,  Wm.  Baker  &  P.  E.  Latimer,  John  Fitch  & 
Daniel  McBain,  Henry  Bennett. 

Physicians — Alfred  Taylor,  Isaac  Hazlett,  W.  W. 
Jones,  R.  H.  Timpany,  Jas.  Coldham,  C,  Smitli. 

Hotels — Kingsbury  House,  H.  D.  &  W.  Kings- 
bury ;  Thayer's  Exchange,  L.  T.  Thayer ;  Rumsey's 
Exchange,  Philo  Rumsev. 

Li  very  Stable— E.  Clark  Blodgett. 

Meat  Market— C.  S.  Rundall. 

Watches,  Jewelry,  &c. — James  Love. 

Steam  Tug— Seymour  C.  Keeler, 

Foundery— B.  Farley. 

Tailoring— James  Seaman. 

Real  Estate— Thos.  Dunlap. 

Clothing— D.  Heinsheiraer  &  Co. 

1858.  The  first  City  Directory  for  Toledo, 
was  issued  in  1858,  H.  L.  Hosmer  and  W.  K. 
Harris,  Publishers  ;  and  Riley  &  Co.,  Printers. 
As  the  pioneer,  the  work  was  attended  with 
much  labor  and  embarrassment.  There  were 
then  no  numberson  buildings  in  the  City,  each 
locality  being  indicated  by  Street  and  block. 
The  volume  contained  the  names  of  2,920  per- 
sons, of  whom  vei-y  few  were  females.  The  pop- 
ulation at  the  time  was  about  ll,5t)().  Lists  of 
individuals  and  firms,  of  persons  holding  public 
offices  and  engaged  iu  the  several  trades,  pro- 
fes-sions  and  other  callings,  were  also  iiresented, 
the  numbers  in  the  several  classes  being  as 
follows : 

Attorneys  at  Law,  25;  Auctioneers,  4  ;  Bakers,  6; 
Barbers,  10;  Billiard  Saloons,  2  ;  Blacksmiths,  27  ; 
Booksellers  and  Stationers,  3;  Book  Binders,  2: 
Boarding  Houses,  30 ;  Breweries,  3 ;  Business  Col  • 
lege,  1;  Cabinet  Ware,  11;  Carpenters,  100;  China 
and  Cilassware,  2;  Civil  Engineers  and  Architects,  4; 
Cigars  and  Tobacco,  2 ;  Clothing  Stores,  14 ;  Coal 
Dealers,  2  ;  CJoopers.8;  Commission  and  Forwarding 
Merchants,  12  ;  Commissioners  of  Deeds,  2  ;  Confec- 
tioners, 3  ;  Daguerreotype  Galleries,  3 ;  Dentists,  2 ; 
Druggists,  6 ;  Dry  Goods  Dealers  8 ;  Exchange 
Offices,  4 ;  Express  Company  (United  States),  1  ;  Gas 
Fitters,  1  ;  Gas  Company,  1 ;  Gunsmith,  1  ;  Grocers 
and  Provision  Dealers,  66  ;  Hardware  and:'.Cutlery, 
7;  Hotels,  12;  Insurance  Companies,  3;  Insurance 
Agencies,  7 ;  Intelligence  Oftice,  1 ;  Jewelry^^and 
Watches,  4;  Liquor  Dealers,  9  ;  Leather,  Hides,  &c., 
3  ;  Lumber  Dealers,  9;  Marble  and  Stone  Dealers,  8  ; 
Milliners,  8;  Newspapers,  4;  Physicians  (Allopathic), 
14  ;  Physicians  (Homeopathic),  3 ;  Physicians  (Ec- 
lectic),   2 ;     Physicians,    (Uroscopian),    1  ;      Piano 


i 


TOLEDO  BUSINESS  AND  PROFESSTONS. 


483 


Dealer,  1  ;  Portrait  Painter,  1  ;  Professors  of  Music, 
3;  Railroad  Offices,  6 ;  Saddlers  and  Harnessmakers, 
5  ;  Saw  Mills,  4  ;  Sash  and  Blind  Manufactnrers,  5  ; 
Soap  and  Candle  Manufacturers,  o ;  Tailors,  IG ; 
Vinegar  Manufacturer,  1 ;  Wagon  Makers,  7  ;  Wood 
Dealers,  2. 

At  that  time,  John  E.  Hunt  was  Postmaster  at 
Toledo  ;  the  other  Postotlices  in  the  County  being 
Hardy,  Java,  Manhattan,  JMaumee  ilonclova,  Provi- 
dence, Riga,  Swanton,  Utah  (since  East  Toledo), 
Waterville.  Whiteford  (Sylvania),  and  AVhiteliouse. 

Mayor  Brisiham  was  Canal  Collector,  and  Thomas 
D.  Thomas,  AVcigh-Master,  at  Toledo. 

Dennis  Coghlin  was  Collector  of  Customs,  C.  R. 
Dennett  Deputy  Collector,  and  Barney  Mahon,  In- 
spector of  Customs. 

MILITAEY. 

Fifth  Division  Ohio  Militia — James  B.  Steedman, 
Major  General;  Daniel  S.  Price,  Judge  Advocate; 
Wm.  J.  Finlay,  Quartermaster;  John  R.  Bond,  In- 
spector; Abner  L.  Backus,  Engineer;  H.  T.  Snnth. 
Stephen  J.  McGroarty,  Aids. 

Sixth  Brigade— Charles  B.  Phillips,  Brigadier 
General  ;  James  H.  Maples,  Brigade  Inspector ; 
Richard  Waite,  Judge  Advocate ;  Foster  R.  Warren, 
Engineer;  Wm.  S.  Sizer,  Brigade  Quartermaster; 
Ebenezer  Walbridge  and  Henry  T.  Bissell,  Aides  de 
Camp  ;  L.  J.  Bush,  Chaplain. 

Toledo  Guards,  Company  A — Charles  B.  Phillips, 
Captain  ;  H.  D.  Kingsbury,  1st  Lieutenant ;  George 
W.  Merrill,  2d  Lieutenant";  Albert  .Moore,  3d  Lieu- 
tenant ;  Charles  E.  Bliven,  Ensign. 

Jackson  Guards,  Company  B — Garrett  C.  Dunn, 
Captain;  James  J.  French,  1st  Lieutenant;  Nahnm 
W.  Daniels,  2d  Lieutenant;  James  McNelly,  3d 
Lieutenant;  Thomas  Morris,  Ensign. 

German  Yeagers — Jacob  Tanner,  Captain  ;  Jacob 
Gatzer,  1st  Lieutenant ;  M.  Sterling,  2d  Lieutenant ; 
Conrad  Berg,  3d  Lieutenant. 

Shields  Horse  Guards— Paul  Edwards,  Captain; 
John  B.  Murphy,  1st  Lieutenant;  James  Cole,  2d 
Lieutenant;  Roger  Murphy,  3d  Lieutenant ;  Thomas 
O'Neil,  4th  Lieutenant ;  Patrick  Carey,  Cornet. 

Toledo  High  School  Cadets— Hamilton  Colton, 
Captain;  Avery  S.  Hill,  1st  Lieutenant;  George  Has- 
kell, 2d  Lieutenant;  Charles  L.  Stevens,  3d  , Lieu- 
tenant ;  John  A.  Waite,  t'harles  L.  Spencer,  Isaiah 
Scott,  Holdridge  Collins  and  John  Corlett,  Sergeants. 


Bank  of  Toledo  (Branch  of  State  Bank  of  Ohio), 
organized  1845 — Amasa  Stone,  Jr.,  President;  S.  M. 
Youn^,  Vice  President ;  Paul  Jones.  Cashier ;  S.  M. 
Young,  M.  R.  Waite,  Amasa  Stone,  Jr.,  H.  B.  Hurl- 
but,  Joseph  Perkins,  Directors. 

Mechanics'  Bank  of  Berry,  Day  &  Co., — Matthias 
W.  Day,  Cashier. 

Exchange  Bank  of  W.  S.  Williams  &  Co.— Wm.  S. 
Williams,  (.'ashler;  Chas.  H.  W.  Sibley,  Teller. 

Banking  House  of  Ketcham,  Berdan  &  Co. — V. 
H.  Ketcham,  Cashier;  John  Berdan,  Teller. 

City  Bank  of  Kraus,  Wood  &  Co.— Charles  J. 
Wood,  Cashier. 

TELEGRAPH   LINES. 

Western  Union— Wm.  A.  Beach,  Manager  ;  Chas. 
O.  Brigham,  Edwin  Seville,  Operators. 

Michigan  Southern  and  Northern  Indiana  Rail- 
road— Charles  E.  Bliven,  Superintendent ;  Wm.  W. 
Whittlesey,  Wm.  O.  Brown,  John  B.  Richards,  Ope- 
rators ;  S.  Palmer,  Line  Repairer. 

Toledo,  Wabash  and  Western  Railroad — Israel 
Bedwin,  Alfred  Bedwin,  Operators. 

NEWSPAPERS. 

Toledo  Blade — Pelton,  Stewart  &  Waggoner,  Pro- 
prietors. 


Toledo  Commtrcial — Riley  &  Co.  (Josiah  Riley  and 
James  A.  Boyd)  Proprietors. 

Toleilo  Express — .Joseph  E.  Marx,  Proprietor. 
Toledo  Times— Smith  &  Nash,  Proprietors. 

FREE    MASO.NS. 

Rubicon  Lodge,  No.  237— Thomas  Dunlap,  Master. 

Toledo  Lodge,  No.  144. — Alex.  H.  Newcoudj. 
Master. 

Fort  Meigs  Chapter,  No.  29— Wm.  H.  Harris,  H.  P. 

Toledo  Encampment,  No.  7 — Sanford  L.  Collins, 
G.  C. 

Masonic  Hall  was  in  third  story  of  the  build- 
ing of  E.  S.  Hanks,  now  No.  1,  Chen-}' street. 

ODD    FELLOWS. 

Wapaukonica  Lodge,  No.  38 — Wm.  Breed,  N.  G.; 
Sanford  W.  Freeman,  V.  G. 

Port  Lawrence  Lodge,  No.  2.")7 — John  Gavin,  N.  G.; 
James  H.  Paddock,  V.  G. 

Lucas  Encampment,  No.  25— James  H.  Paddock, 
C.  B. 


Friendly  Sons  of  St.  Patrick— Dr.  Thomas  D.  Nor- 
ris.  President. 

Lucas  County  Bible  Society — Almon  Hopkins, 
President;  W.  S.  Williams,  Secretary;  Anderson  & 
Fuller,  Depositaries. 

Turners — Valentine  Braun,  Presi<lent ;  C.  Klives, 
Vice  President ;  J.  Schafer,  Secretary  ;  B.  Schuetzler, 
Leader;  F.  Diebel.  Cashier. 

German  Glee  Club — H.  Newfeld,  Leader. 

Musical  Association — L.  Matthias,  Leader. 

Home  for  Widows  and  Orphans — Organized,  1855, 
under  care  of  Trinity  Episcojial  Church,  and  occu- 
pying a  building  on  Erie  street,  between  Madi.son 
and  Jeft'erson — tlie  pioneer  charitable  institution  of 
the  City,  and  the  plant  of  the  Protestant  Orphans' 
Home,  Lagrange  street.  .Mrs.  H.  B.  Walbridge,  Pres- 
ident ;  Mrs.  Thos.  H.  Hough,  Vice  President ;  Mrs. 
Moses  Colby,  Treasurer;  Miss  Gertrude  Yardley, 
Secretary;  Mrs.  Andrew  Young,  Mrs.  Permelia  Ber- 
dan, Mrs.  F.  L.  Nichols,  Mrs.  A.  F.  Bissell,  Mrs. 
Charles  Yardley,  Mrs.  Shepherd,  Mrs.  Margaret 
Hunker,  Mrs.  S."  A.  Raymond.  Mrs.  J.  M.  Gloyd,  Mrs. 
Eagle,  Mrs.  S.  P.  Halsey,  Miss  Sizer,  Directresses ; 
Wm.  Baker,  C.  B.  Phillips,  D.  B.  Smith,  C.  A.  King, 
Almon  Hopkins,  Edward  Bissell,  Jr.,  Directors. 

Catholic  Orphan  Asylum — On  Cherry  street.  Es- 
tablished in  1854  ;  44  orphans  in  charge  of  (>  Sisters 
of  Charity. 

Young  Men's  Association— (Established  in  1838.) 
M.  R.  Waite,  President;  John  Eaton,  Jr.,  Vice  Pres- 
ident ;  John  Sinclair,  Corresponding  Secretary  ;  Henry 
T.  Bissell,  Recording  Secretary  ;  Alfred  W.  Gleason, 
Treasurer;  John  Walbridge,  Wm.  S.  Sizer,  J.  C. 
Bnell,  Edwin  S.  Piatt,  E.  P.  Gaylordand  H.T.  Bissell, 
Trustees. 

TRANSPORTATION   LINES. 

Merchants'  Despatch — Chas.  S.  Pomeroy,  Agent. 

Great  Western  Despatch — C.  S.  Pomeroy,  Agent. 

Lake  Superior— S.  C.  Sampson,  Agent. 

New  York  Central  Propellers — H.  B.  Pomeroy, 
Agent. 

New  York  and  Erie  Propellers — Samuel  S.  Read, 
Agent. 

American  Transportation  Company  —  Frank  J. 
King,  Agent. 

VVestern  Transportation  Company —Sinclair  &  Co., 
Agents. 

Merchants'  Western  Line — Scott  &  Co.,  Agents. 

New  York  and  Western  States  Line— Geo.  A. 
Carpenter,  Agent. 

Northern  'Transportation— Alonzo  Godard,  Agent. 


484 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Old  Oswego- -John  Sinclair,  Agectt. 
New  Oswego— W.  T.  Walker,  Agent. 

BANDS. 

Union  Band— Isaac  White,  Leader. 
German  Band— L.  Milverstedt,  Leader. 
Canneti's  Band— J.  W.  Cannefl',  Leader. 

CHURCHES. 

First  Baptist— Rev.  E.  F.  Piatt,  Pastor. 

First  Congregational— Rev.  Wm.  W.  WiUiams, 
Pastor. 

Trinity  Protestant  Episcopal— Rev.  H.  B.  Wal- 
bridge,  Rector. 

Bethel— Rev.  S.  D.  Shaffer,  Chaplain, 

St.  Paul's  Methodist  Episcopal -Rev.  Joseph  Avers, 
Pastor. 

Ames  Chapel  (Methodist)— Rev.  Geo.  W.  Collier, 
Pastor. 

German  Methodist— Rev.  Sebastian  Barth,  Pastor. 

German  Reformed— Rev.  Henry  Ashmeyer,  Pas- 
tor. 

St.  Francis  de  Sales— Revs.  Wm.  O'Connor  and 
Charles  Sidley,  Priests. 

St.  Mary's— Rev.  Charles  Evrard,  Priest. 

FrenchCatholic— Rev.  Charles  Evrard,  Priest. 

German  Lutheran— Rev.  Joan  Dorfer,  Pastor. 

German  Lutheran  Evangelical  — Rev.  Charles 
Markscheffel,  Pa.stor. 

CE.METKRIES. 

Forest  Cemetery— On  Lagrange  Street. 

Catholic  Cemetery— Tremainsville  (West  Toledo). 

JOBBING    TKADE. 

The  following  list  of  Dealers,  with  the  aver- 
age amount  of  annual  sales,  is  given  in  the 
Directory,  to  wit : 

Holies,  Bell  &  Hubbell,  Drv  Goods  and  Grain  $  375,000 

Secor,  Berdan  &  Co.,  Groceries 200,000 

Rogers  &  Lvman,               "         200,000 

Bishop*  Co.,                      "         160,000 

Schmucker  &  Co.,             "         1.50,000 

Dunham  &  Dunning,        "         l.SO.dOO 

May  &  Hathaway,               "         1.50,000 

S.  &  J.  H.  Whitaker,  Hardware,  etc 156,Sl,s 

Roff&  Co.,                          "                 75,000 

Geo.  Wilder  &  Co.,  Liquors,  etc 60,000 

Brand  &Lenk,                   "          65,000 

Lyman  Wheeler  &  Co.,     "          40,000 

Brooks,  Southard  &  Co.,  "           65,Ull(l 

Peter  Lenk  &  Co,,  Lager  Beer 71,000 

L.  Cliapman,  Hides,  Leather,  etc 300,000 

Coghlin  &  Brooks,             "              1.50,000 

Calvin  Bronson,  Tobacco 125,0(10 

West  &  Truax,  Drugs,  etc 100,000 

James  M.  Ashlev  &  Co.,Drugs,  etc 40,000 

J.  Hartwell,  Cro'ckery  20,000 

H.  Stebbins,        "         20,000 

Ander.son  &  Fuller,  Books,  etc 50,000 

Nye  Brothers,                  "             40,000 

L.  Wachenheimer  &  Co.,  Clothing 75,000 

J.  &  H.  Thorner,                        "         .50,000 

G.  Goldsmith,                              "         25,000 

Kraus  &  Roemer,                       "        30,000 

Berdan  &  Hunt,  Dry  Goods 20,000 

W.  J.  Finlay,  Oysters,  Fruits,  etc 7.5,000 

Sawyer  &  Chamberlain,  Stone  Ware 40,000 

Others  estimated 50,000 

Total  $3,011,818 

K.\TE»   FOR   DRAYMEX,    HACKS,    ETC. 

The  authorized  charges  for  the  carriage  of  property, 
when  the  distance  was  not  more  than  1  mile,  were  as 
follows,  in  1858: 


For  each  hogshead  of  Molasses,  25  cents ;  for  each 
cai5k  of  Sugar  of  .500  to  800  pounds,  15  cents;  for  each 
load  of  household  goods,  and  housing  same,  30  cents; 
for  each  load  of  baggage,  goods,  wares  and  merchan- 
dise, 25  cents ;  for  each  load  of  lumber,  flour,  grain, 
etc.,  15  cents.  The  charge  for  any  distance  within 
the  City,  not  to  exceed  double  the  above  rates. 

For  carrying  a  passenger  not  exceeding  1  mile,  25 
cents;  for  each  additional  passenger,  15  cents.  For  a 
distance  from  1  to  2  miles,  50  cents,  and  additional 
passengers,  25  cents.  Baggage  of  the  weight  of  60 
pounds  for  each  passenger  to  be  free,  and  weight  be- 
yond 60  pounds,  to  be  at  draymen's  rates. 

1860.  The  following  list  of  departments  of 
trade  and  professions,  and  of  firms  and  in- 
dividuals engaged  therein,  taken  from  the  To- 
ledo City  Directorjr  for  1860,  shows  in  whose 
bands  a  large  portion  of  the  current  affairs  of 
the  City  were  at  that  time  : 


-William  T.  Walker, 
(R. 


New  York  Central  Railway- 
Freight  Agent. 

Agricultural  Warehouses — L.  J.  Bush  &  Co. 
B.  Mitchell),  Henry  Philipps. 

Architect — L.  W.  Doane. 

Artesian  Well-Borer — William  Morris. 

Attorneys  at  Law — Wm.  Baker  and  W.  A.  Collins, 
E.  P.  Bassett  and  Charles  Kent,  Edward  Bissell,  Jr., 
Henry  T.  Bissell,  Edward  M.  Brown,  James  H.  Camp- 
bell, H.  S.  Commager  and  R.  C.  Lemmon,  Charles 
Dodge,  Michael  B.  Doyle,  Thomas  Dunlap,  John  C. 
Espv,  George  P.  Este,  G.  R.  Havnes  and  C.  W.  Moul- 
ton,"M.  O.  Higgins,  C.  W.  Hill  and  Charles  Pratt,  F. 
A.  Jones  and  J.  M.  Ritchie,  Thomas  A.  Lane,  Ira  E. 
Lee  and  J.  J.  French,  John  W.  McKim  and  P.  S. 
Slevin,  A.  F.  Machen,  John  J.  Manor,  E.  Dwight  Nye, 
Louis  II.  Pike,  H.  P.  and  E.  S.  Piatt,  Emery  D.  Pot- 
ter, Daniel  S.  Price  and  David  R.  Austin,  B.  W.  Rouse 
and  A.  G.  Clark,  Stephen  J.  Springer,  J.  R.  Tyler  and 
John  Kay,  M.  R,  and  Richard  Waite,  Andrew  Young, 
Duwming  H.  Young. 

Auctioneers — John  D.  Crennan,  Johnson  and 
Brown. 

Bakeries — Joseph  Seiter,  M.  C.  Worts  and  Son. 

Banks  and  Bankers — Ketcham,  Berdan  &  Co., 
Wm.  Kraus  and  Wm.  H.  Smith,  E.  Parmelee  &  Co., 
James  A.  Rayner  and  Wed.W.  Clark,  Bank  of  Toledo, 
Toledo  Savings  Bank  (Timothy  Tredwell  and  Wm.  A. 
Collins,  proprietors). 

Barbers — J.  C.  Greiner,  John  B.  Lott,  William  H. 
Merritt,  C.  Nebelung,  William  Speas,  George  W, 
Tucker,  B.  F.  Tolburt,  Peter  Uhlman. 

Billiard  Saloons — Gustavo  Baither,  John  S.  George, 
John  H.  Haverly  and  J.  R.  Pinkerton,  John  Jorgen, 
Fred.  Just,  F.  Schaning. 

Blacksmiths — Frank  Bohannon,  Hiram  Craig,  W. 
H.  Cranker,  Jacob  Feehr,  D.  S.  Freeman,  H.  Helming, 
N.  Hoit,  Daniel  Kellev,  James  Kemp,  Lewis  Lvons, 
James  Maher,  A.  A.  Marsh,  J.  L.  Pratt,  Edward  Wall. 

Hoarding  Houses — Mrs.  M.  E.  Burnham,  Mrs.  B. 
Byrne,  John  Cannon,  Mrs.  Susan  Darling,  Mrs.  J.  C. 
Doolittle,  Horace  Douglas,Mrs.  Eldredge,  Mrs.M.  Han- 
cock, S.  Hoag,  P.  Horan,  G.  AV.  Kirk.  Mrs.  R.  Marsh, 
Josiah  Miller,  Mrs.  J.  A.  Swift,  Mrs.  Harriet  B. 
Thomas,  Mrs.  E.  A.  VanPelt. 

Boiler  Makers — Fulton  Henderson,  Toledo  Novel- 
ty Works. 

Book  Bindery — Toledo  Blade  Office. 

Books,  Stationerv,  &c. — David  Anderson  and  John 
W.  Fuller,  N.  .VI.  Landis  and  W.  S.  Dodd. 

Boots  and  Shoes — Calvin  and  Nathan  M.  Barker, 
Frederick  Brandt,  H.  H.  Cree,  James  J.  Cunningham, 
S.  and  G.  W.  Doyle,  G.  Eraser,  Casper  Geisert,  W. 
W.  Gritfith  &  Co.  (Robert  Cummings),  H.  G.  Gross 
&  Michael  Littiu,  Henry  Harbaum,   W.  W.  Hunt  & 


TOLEDO  BUSINESS  AND  PROFESSIONS. 


485 


Co.  (George  Stebbina),  John  Kaufman,  Fred.  Kirn- 
meren,  Louis  Knodel,  EliasLeonardson,  G.  F.  .Mayer, 
Wm.  B.  Messinger  &  O.  S.  Bond,  Henrv  Miller,  Rob- 
ert Moore.  Harlow  MuUiken  &  W."  T.  French, 
Thomas  O'Neil,  Edward  N.  Perry,  Nathaniel  Haugh- 
ton  &  James  H.  Marvin,  William  Rawle,  Philip  Red- 
ding, Henry  Rieck,  Daniel  AV.  Ruggles,  J.  Schmidt; 
J.  K.  Secor,  P.  F.  Berdan,  J.  B.  Ketchara  and  Janie.s 
Secor;  Joseph  Seiller,  M.  Sharkey,  Ernst  Wolter, 
John  Young. 

Breweries — Joseph  Grasser  &  J.  Vilhauer,  Peter 
Lenk;  Charles  V.  Millard,  W.  J.  Finlay  and  David  S. 
Wilder;  H.  Thorner  &  Co. 

Cabinet  Manufacturers— Jacob  and  Fred.  Ingold, 
D.  Johnston,  A.  L.  Knittle,  Joel  Read,  Joseph  Wheel- 
er, Elias  Wonders. 

Cap  Manufactory — Mary  Johnson. 

Carpenters  and  Builders — .John  P.  Freeman,  Wm. 

C.  Huffman,  N.  T.  Ketcham,  Edward  Malone  and 
John  O'Neill,  Morris  N.  Mooney  and  John  W.  Jaquett, 
H.  S.  Sampson  &  Adam  Ballzmeyer,  Andrew  Shurtz, 
A  Swift,  Q.  T.  and  J.  H.  Tappen,  G.  Wilson. 

Carpets — Henry  C.  Bolles. 

Carpet  Weaver — Anton  Raisenger. 

Carriage  Manufacturers — George  W.  Gove  and 
John  G.  Carter,  Austin  B.  Waite. 

Chair  Manufacturer — G.  W.  Cummings. 

China,  Glass  and  Queensware— Anthony  W.  Bar- 
low and  Wm.  T.  Thomason. 

Cigars  and  Tobacco — T.  C.  Clark,  E.  D.  Groot, 
Ernst  Hagner  and  F.  R.  Tigges,  Peter  Hamlin,  J.  G. 
Holzwarth,  John  C.  Klotz,  \Vm.  ^Markscheffel,  Mor- 
rough  O'Brien  and  Isaac  N.  Poe. 

Engineers — L.  W.  Doane,  William   H.   Harris,   E. 

D.  Mason. 

Clothing--William  Bolles  &  Co.,  Benjamin  J. 
Gitsky,  Moses  CTitsky,  Gustavus  Goldsmith,  Michael 
Higgins,  Jacob  Kraus,  Lehman  Kraus,  Jacob  Roeraer, 
Henry  Thorner,  A.  Tuey  &.  Co.,  Louis  Wachen- 
heimer  and  Theo.  Wegener,  Christ.  Woehler. 

Coal  Dealers— C.  C.  Butts,  C.  C.  Keysor. 

Coal  Oil  Dealers— James  D.  &  Samuel  D.  Cham- 
berlin. 

Commission  Merchants — Milo  Bashare  and  J. 
Davis  Pomeroy,  R.  H.  Bell,  Horace  Holcomb&  Kent, 
Lowber  &  Co.  (New  York),  W.  H.  Bigelow,  Frederick 
Bissell,  Matthew  Brown  and  H.  S.  and  Eb.  Wal- 
bridge,  Marshal  Burton  and  L.  S.  Hubbard,  Geo.  A. 
Carpenter,  M.  D.  Carrington  and  Lyman  and  T.  B. 
Casey,  Benjamin  Fitts  and  Joseph  Flynn,  Alonzo 
Godard,  P.  T.  Hamm  and  H.  J.  Hayes,  Truman  H. 
Hoag,  Charles  A.  and  Frank  J.  King,  James  Mc- 
Connell,  M.  V.  Northrup  and  Peter  Yost,  tienry  B. 
Pomeroy,  W.  G.  Powers  and  Wm.  C.  Fisk,  Samuel 
S.  Read,  John  Stevens  and  Harry  Chase,  Gilbert 
Rogers,  Jr.,  and  Joseph  S.  Lyman,  James  R.  Strong, 
James  and  Joseph  Tolman  and  Chas.  O'Hara,  Henry 
D.  Walbridge,  William  T.  Walker,  and  Courtland 
Yardley. 

Confectioners— S.  E.  Fo.k,  M.  Hunker,  Chas.  Lenk, 
Michael  Ryan,  Mrs.  E.  Stahl. 

Coopers  — A.  A.  Belknapp,  Patrick  Carroll,  Jacob 
Fay,  Henry  Fink,  Lorenz  Karl,  Loren  McCracken, 
John  and  Dennis  Moloney,  John  Newman. 

Dentists — John  Estile,  C.  H.  Harroun  and  Robert 
L.  Evans,  C.  E.  Read. 

Die-Sinker  and  Engraver — John  Cardif. 

Distillers  and  Rectifiers — Edmund  H.  Harger  and 
Alonzo  Kingsbury. 

Dress  Maker — .\Irs.  Holmes. 

Druggists — Frank  S.  Bakewell,  Thomas  Daniels, 
Albert  G.  and  Edwin  H.  Dooley,  D.  H.  Miner  and 
W.  T.  Huntington,  E.  D.  Peck  and  E.  L.  Ross,  J.  B. 
and  C.  A.  Trembley,  Charles  West,  Charles  E.  Win- 
ans.  Herman  Wittstein. 

Dry  Goods  Dealers— Calvin  and  N.  M.  Barker, 
Henry  C.  Bolles,  William  Bolles    &  Co.,  William  H. 


Brunce  and  Henry  D.  Brown,  Fred.  Eaton  and  Asa 
Backus,  S.  H.  Keeler  and  W.  S.  B.  Hubbell,  Mrs. 
Fannie  McFadden,  L.  C.  Hunt  and  Geo.  F.  Deni- 
son,  John  A.,  Alfred  C.  and  Chas.  A.  Moore, 
Perry,  Haughton  &  Co.,  Secor,  Berdan  &  Co.,  Thos. 

C.  Stewart. 

Dyers— H.  Ralph,  I.  S.  Bowers,  Jacob  De  La  Croix. 
Edge  Tool  Manufactory— A.  H.  Marsh. 
Electropathist — J.  W.  Clarke. 
Grain  IClevators- Brown,  VVall)ridge  &Co.,  Henry 

D.  Walbridge. 

iMiibroideries,  Laces  &c. — Thomas  Jackson. 

Feed  Store —Patrick  Clear. 

Fancy  Goods — William  L.  ('cirwin,  M.  Hoffman, 
M.  Hunker,  William  Rauble. 

Flour  and  Feed  Stores- Pliillip  Hoag  and  John  B. 
Foreman,  .\.  E.  Rogers,  Melclioir  Weber. 

Flouring  ilills— Daniel  Pettys.  G.  W.  Scott  &.  Co. 

Frame  Manufacturer — Gustavo  Trost. 

Furniture — Bernard  Meilink,  Henry  Van  Karsen. 

Furnishing  Goods,  Gents — Gustavus  Goldsmith, 
Joseph  A.  and  V.  W.  Granger,  Ijchman  Kraus, 
Henry  Thorner,  Christ.  Woehler. 

Furnishing  House — John  Burns  &  ('o. 

Furnishing,  Ladies — W,  W.  Slu'rwciod. 

Furs— Joseph  Coghlin  and  Samuel  Brooks. 

Gas  and  Steam  Fitters — John  II.  and  Henry  L 
Williams. 

Grocers,  Wholesale  and  Retail— Nicholas  Alberti, 
Declan  Allen,  John  N.  &  Henry  .'Vuth,  Barker  & 
Brother,  Bell,  Holcomb  &  Co.,  Nicholas  Bieber,  Geo. 
A.  Bishop  and  Wm.  S.  Foster,  G.  II.  Boegehold,  John 
Boyle,  Thomas  Butler,  John  Bradley,  Henry  Brand, 
Henry  &  Wm.  Breed,  H.  J.  Chase  and  James  Dority, 
Patrick  Clear.  Fred.  C.  Cole.  Felix  Connelly,  Wm. 
Crabb  and  Richard  tiarner,  James  Crow,  .Michael 
Dooley,  Morgan  Draper,  Micluiel  Dunn,  W.  S.  Dus- 
ton,  August  Engford  and  Wm.  Schultz.  J.  S.  Fifleld 
and  Henry  McHenry,  Jr.,  M.  Fitzpatrick,  J.  P. 
Flynn,  F.  Gavin.  P.  Golden,  M.  M.  Goulden.  F. 
Grant  Michael  Haunan,  iVugust  Heck,  Fred,  lien- 
nig,  Bernard  He.ssling,  M.  Higirins,  Paul  Hott'man.  .1. 
W.  Holland,  M.  Hollenbank,  J.  H.  Huyck,  Frank  P. 
Isherwood,  W.  S.  Isherwood  and  Leander  Burdick, 
Ferdinand  Johnson  and  Fred.  v\  itker,  Thos.  Kelley, 
J.  Kessler,  John  H.  Kiest,  T.  f^ewis  and  John  I>ycan, 
Patrick  McCarty,  Wm.  Markschetl'el,  Ouido  Marx, 
J.  W.  May  and  A.  H.  Hathaway,  Conrad  Miller, 
Peter  C.  Moross,  Joseph  Moser,  Michael  and  Roger 
Murphy,  Pat.  Murray,  John  Neuman  and  Casper 
Pepple,  J.  O'Connor,  Geo.  0'l>onnell,  Frank  Otto, 
Perry,  Haughton  &  Co.,  Cyril  I'lumey,  Jas.  Raymer 
&  R.  I.  Skidmore,  E.  Hagen,  Kphraim  Riker  &  Chas. 
T.  Hubbard,  Rogers  &  Lyman,  William  Renan.  Wm. 
Schaefl'er,  Andrew  Schiele,  Martin  Schmidt,  Secor, 
Berdan  &  Co.,  Charles  and  John  Sinclair,  John  A. 
Speyer  and  John  Borchant,  G.  W.  Temme,  John 
Tolman  and  John  Gherkins,  Jacob  Van  Orden,  John 
P.  Webber.  Cieorge  Weber,  Phillip  Welker,  Veit  M. 
Wening,  Robert  Whiteford,  Luther  Whitney,  Sewall 
Whittlesey,  E.  Weidemann,  Leonard  and  Minott  L 
Wilcox,  F.  Wizigerranter,  Mannister  C.  and  George 
Worts,  Mrs.  M.  A.  Young. 

Gunsmiths— John  Canlif,  Gideon  K.  Pheatt. 

Hardware,  Cutlery,  &c.— David  Ketcham  and 
John  J.  Barker,  Henry  Philipps  &  Co.,  Wm.  and 
Charles  B.  RoS',  Fred.  Schaal,  J.  N.  Stevens,  F.  L. 
Nichols  and  Mavor  Brigham,  J.  H.  and  W.  H.  Whit- 
aker  and  C.  B.  Phillips. 

Hats,  Caps,  &c.  — N.  H.  Callard,  J.  A.  Corbusier, 
N.  W.  Eddy,  Charles  Hoehler,  Jacob  Seler,  Matthias 
Seyler. 

Hides  and  Leather— Geo.  C.  Chapman  and  Frank 
Braisted,  Coghlin  &  Brooks,  Timothy  Sheldon, 
Adam  Burget  and  Nathan  D.  Morey,  Abijah  Thomp- 
son, Chas.  K.  Wright  and  Allen  W.  Bingham, 
Thomas  &  O'Hara. 


486 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


Hotels— American  Hotel,  Lyman  T.  Thayer,  Elm 
street;  City  Hotel,  Farmers'  Inn,  Forest  City  Hotel, 
14  Perrv  street;  Hotel  Jacobs,  T.  W.  Jacobs.  St.  Clair 
and  Madison  ;  Island  lIou.se,  R.  P.  Ainger,  Radroad 
Depot  ;  Kingsbury  House,  H.  V.  Kingsbury,  Summit, 
between  (Uicrry  "and  Walnut ;  Oliver  House,  John 
McKenster,  Proprietor ;  Mcrehants'  Hotel,  D.  B. 
Dunham,  (Xirner  Jetl'erson  and  .St.  Clair;  Europias- 
cher  House,  Hubert  Shifler,  Summit,  between 
Walnut  and  Locust;  Temperance  House,  Wabash 
Railroad  House,  near  Wabash  Round  House  ;  West- 
ern Hotel,  Perry  street,  between  St.  Clair  and  Sum- 
mit ;  Whipple  House,  Elisha  Whipple,  Ottawa  and 
Perry  streets. 

Ice  Dealers— Simon  Kohn,  Jacob  Van  Orden. 

Instrument  Maker— Charles  H.  Allen. 

Insurance  Agencies -Chas.  W.  Moulton,  /Etna 
Fire  Company;  Henry  Bennett  and  John  Sinclair; 
Theophilus  P.  Browii,  Phoenix  Fire;  James  H. 
Campbell ;  A.  G.  Clark,  Connecticut  Mutual ;  War- 
ren Russeil,  Wm.  H.  Whitaker,  Courtland  Yardley, 
Downing  H.  Young. 

Iron  Railing  Manufacturer -John  Matheis. 

Jewelry  Manufacturer— I.  N.  Clawson. 

Land  Agent — Nehemiah  Allen. 

Lightning  Conductor— James  Ballard. 

Lime  and  Plaster — Frank  Holt  and  James  Saw- 
yer, George  McMonagh. 

Livery  Stables -E.  Clark  Blodgett,  Wed.  W. 
Howe,  Humphrey  Jones.  R.  Shephard,  Lyman  T. 
Thayer.  Sara  Warren,  Waite  &  Co. 

Lumber  Dealers — Thomas  J.  Bodley,  C.  F.  Cur- 
tis and  Augustus  Thomas;  Hudson  B.  Hall,  David 
Smith  and  M.  W.  Day  Jr.;  I.  N.  Hathaway  and   Wm. 

B.  Thorn,  Ozias  Mather,  L.  A.  Raymond,  John  H. 
Moulton  and  Paul  Jones,  Nathan  Reeve,  A.  L.  Kelsey 
and  J.  W.  Walterhouse,  L.  M.  Skidmore  and  Ira 
David,  George  Chester  and  John  H.  Walbridge,  John 

C.  Ketcham,  James  L,  Smith. 

Marble  Works— Samuel  Clark  and  William  Do- 
lan,  Edward  VanAntwerp,  Thomas  H.  Woodruff. 

Dealers  in  Meats— J.  VV.  and  R.  W.  Bellamy, 
Henry  and  William  Breed,  John  Deidrick.  Joseph 
Garner,  Jacob  Hofl'man  and  Fred  Schmidt,  John  M. 
Hoffman,  Henry  Levi,  Christian  Luitkardt,  Murphy 
&  Co.,  Anthony  .Smith  and  Charles  Waltz,  Gotlieb 
Stahl,  Matliew  Stierling,  Jacob  VanOrden,  Fred. Wolf. 

Milliners— Mi.ss  Catherine  Cearney,  E.  H.  Fowle, 
Mrs.  F.  W.  Higby,  Mrs.  A.  Jackson,  Mrs.  Fanny 
McFadden,  William  Rawle,  W.  W.  Sherwood. 

Music  and  Musical  Instruments — Louis  Doeble, 
C.   W.  Schrempf,  R.  Reed. 

Music  Teachers— Louis  Mathies,  D.  F.  Waltz. 

Newspapers -Toledo  Blade  (Daily,  Tri-Weekly 
and  Weekly),  Toledo  Demokrat  (German  Weekly), 
Toledo  Express  (German  Weekly),  Toledo  Herald 
and  Times  (Daily  and  Weekly). 

Newspapers  and  Periodicals — Theo.  J.  Brown  and 
G.  W.  Baldwin. 

Nurseries  and  Florists— James  H.  Campbell,  Al- 
fred  and    Richard  E.  Fahnestock,    W.  L.   Pomeroy. 

Oculist— John  E.  Tenney. 

Oyster  Dealers— William  J.  Finlay,  Riker  &  Hub- 
bard. 

Pail  and  Tub  Manufactory— William  M.  Riley. 

Painters  —  John  Bladon,  Richard  H.  Carter, 
John  C.  Collins  and  W.  C.  Cheney,  De Witt  C.  Dewey, 
Davis  Lewis,  John  Miller,  Thomas  Southard,  Thomas 
Southard  and  Henry  M.  Hall,  J.  B.  Howard  (Por- 
traits), W.  H.  Machen  (Portraits). 

Photographs,  Ambrotypes,  &c.— Henry  C.  Frentz, 
Fred.  Muhlenbick,  Robert  Rudolph  and  P.  H.  O. 
Willebrands,  Matthew  H.  Stevenson,  T.  D.  Tooker. 

Physicians — Lawrence  G.  Andrews,  Silas  Bailey 
and  Franklin  Bigelow,  Charles  Beaupre,  SvmmesH. 
Bergen,  Nicholas  Bieber,  Arthur  F.  Bisse'll,  Alfred 
Bostwick,  Valentine  Braun,  Daniel  L.  Briggs,  Gilbert 


Chaddock,  Jacob  Clark,  James  Coldham,  William  C. 
Daniels,  William  Darling,  G.  Fenneberg,  J.  Fields, 
Samuel  F.  Forbes,  Isaac  N.  Hazlett,  William  W. 
Jones.  Francis  J.  Klau.ser,  T.  E.  Miner.  J.  G.  Nolen, 
C.  L.  Scotield,  Charles  H.  Swaine,  J.  E.  Tenney,  J. 
B.  Trembly,  A.  Tyler. 

Plasterer  and  Paver — Patrick  Malone. 

Plow  Maker— William  Hall. 

Plumbers — Williams  &  Brother. 

Pork  Packers — F.  Bishop  and  John  H.  Trowbridge, 
William  O.  Brown.  Elijah  S.  Hanks,  Joel  W.  Kelsey 
and  J.  True,  James  McConnell. 

Porter  and  Ale — Henry  Brand. 

Potash  Manufacturer — John  Hoffman. 

Potter — August  Phillip. 

Printers,  Book  and  Job— James  A.  Boyd  and  Geo. 
Snyder,  Joseph  E.  Marx,  A.  D.  Pelton,  G.  T.  Stewart 
and  Clark  Waggoner,  H.  T.  Smith,  Charles  H. 
Buelow. 

Rectifiers  of  Liquors — Lyman  Wheeler  &  Matthias 
Boos. 

Real  Estate  Dealers — James  H.  Campbell,  Piatt 
Card. 

Restaurants — Patrick  V.  Fitzpatrick  and  John 
Delaney,  Patrick  Graham,  Bartoleme  Mayer. 

Saddles,  Harness,  &c.— Albert  Bunert  and  Henry 
Gross,  Henry  D.  Pugh,  L.  Chapman  &  Co.,  John 
Redding. 

Sail  Maker— John  Bre3'man. 

Sash,  Door  and  Blinds— Harwood  A.  Boyd,  Alfred 
Carter  and  DeMarquis  McCormick,  B.  H.  Hitchcock 
and  D.  S.  Wilder. 

Saw  Mill-G.  W.  Rodebangh. 

Saw  Manufacturer— Edward  L.  Turner. 

.Sewing  Machines— O.  M.  Partridge. 

Ship  Carpenters— Benj.  B.  Orcutt  and  Wm.  Zeitler. 

Soap  and  Candles — John  Hoffman,  Henry  Thorner 
and  Edward  Eitel. 

Stave  Dealers— Peter  H.  Birckhead  ;  Harbeck  & 
Co.,  John  S.  Harbeck,  Agent. 

Steam  Engine  Builders— Fulton  Henderson. 

Tailors -J  Aschenbramer,  Chauncey  ii.  Buck,  N. 
H.  Callard,  Jacob  De  La  Croix,  Gustavus  Goldsmith, 
Granger  &  Brother,  John  Harbauer,  Jacob  Hofer,  J. 
Ketteman,  Lehman  Kraus,  Charles  Lowwater,  James 
Ryan,  John  Sallis,  Matthias  Schaffer,  Jacob  Stutz, 
Henry  Thorner,  Michael  Vetter,  Wacheuheimer  & 
Wegener,  Christ.  Woehler. 

Taverns— Congress  Hall,  Eagle  House,  Farmers' 
Hotel,  German  Home,  Peter  Kohler,  Moore's  Ex- 
change, National  Hotel,  Ohio  House. 

Tea  Dealer— Thomas  C.  Clark. 

Telegraph— Western  Union  Line. 

Tin,  .Sheet  Iron  and  Copper  Workers — Ketcham  & 
Barker,  .Stevens,  Nichols  &  Co.,  Andrew  Van  Ness, 
Whitaker  &  Phillips,  Cliauncy  D.  Woodrufl",  Bladon 
&  Co. 

Tobacco  Manufacturer — Calvin  Bronson. 

Undertakers — .Joel  Read,  Thomas  Tilnian. 

Upholsterer — F.  Brauer. 

Vinegar  Manufacturers — Henry  Brand,  Stephen 
Marsh,  Alonzo  Smith. 

Wagon  Makers— S.  S.  Curtis,  William  Hall,  Thos. 
Jackraan,  Frederick  Siebert,  Francis  Suer. 

Watches  and  Jewelry — Joseph  W.  Canneff,  Henry 
T.  Cook,  Ralph  A.  Cross,  John  L.  Tanke. 

Wig  Jlanufacturer — John  G.  Paine. 

Wood  Dealer— John  Van  Gunten. 

Wool  Dealer — J.  Chapman  &  Co. 

1887.  The  Toledo  Directory  for  1887,  issued 
by  R.  L.  Polk  &  Co.,  in  July,  contained  29,968 
names;  being  27,599  names  more,  or  12^  times 
the  number  of  1858.  From  the  Classified 
Business  Directory  of  the  issue  of  1887,  the 
following  abstract  is  taken  : 


TOLEDO  BUSINESS  AND  PROFESSIONS. 


487 


Abstracts  of  Titles,  4 ;  Agents — Advertising,  2 ; 
Cartage,  2  ;  Claim,  1  ;  Collection,  9  ;  Financial,  1  ; 
General,  1 ;  Loan,  19  ;  Manufacturers,  6  ;  Pension,  1  ; 
Merchandise,  1 ;  Publishers,  4  ;  Roofing  Paints,  1  ; 
Seeds,  1 ;  Steamship,  4 ;  Ticket,  4  ;  Vessel,  3.  Agri- 
cultural Implements,  12;  Amusements,  places  of,  4; 
Apiarists'  Supplies,  5 ;  Architects,  10;  Agricultural 
Iron  Works,  l";  Art  Pottery,  1,  Art  Store,  1  ;  Artists, 
12  ;  Attorneys,  127  ;  Auctioneers,  3  ;  Auction  and 
Commission,  1  ;  Awnings  and  Tents,  2  ;  Axle  Manu- 
facturer (tubular),  1  ;  Bakers,  27  ;  Baking  Powder,  2  ; 
Bank  and  Office  Railing,  1  ;  Bank  Vaults,  1  ;  Banks 
and  Bankers,  10;  Bar  Goods,  2;  Barber  Chairs,  1; 
Barbers,  72;  Barbers' Supplies,  2;  Baskets,!;  Bas- 
ket Manufacturers,  2  ;  Bathing  Apparatus,  1  ;  Bent 
Wood  Work,  3;  Bicycles,  2  ;  Bill  Po'sters,  1  ;  Billiard 
Halls,  5  ;  Billiard  Tables.  1  ;  Bird  Cages,  1  ;  Black- 
smiths, 03  ;  Blank  Book  Manufacturers,  3  ;  Bleachers 
and  Pressers,  1  ;  Block  and  Tackel  Manufactun'r,  1  ; 
Boarding  Houses,  (iO  ;  Boat  Builders,  1  ;  Boat  Houses, 
1  ;  Boiler  Compound  Manufacturer,  1  ;  Boiler  Mak- 
ers, 3  ;  Bolt  and  Nut  Manufacturers,  1  ;  Book  Binders, 
6 ;  Books  and  Stationery,  .S  ;  Boots  and  Shoes,  40  ; 
Boot  and  Shoe  Makers,  90  ;  Bottling  Works,  8  ;  Box 
Manufacturers,  7  ;  Brass  Foundries  4  ;  Brass  Goods 
(Manufacturers),  1  ;  Brewers,  5  ;  Brick  Manufacturers, 
8  ;  Bridge  Builders.  3  ;  Brokers — Bonds.  &c.,  1  ;  Ex- 
change, 1  ;  General,  2;  Grain.  1  ;  Merchandise,  5; 
Money,  8  ;  Stock,  1  ;  Ticket.  3.  Broom  Manufacturers, 
() ;  Brushes,  2  ;  Builders'  Materials  5  ;  Business  Col- 
leges, 4  ;  Cabinet  Makers,  5  ;  Car  Builders,  2  ;  Car 
Brake  Manufacturers,  1  ;  Carpenters  and  Contractors, 
44;  Carpet  Cleaners,  3  ;  Carpet  Weavers,  15  ;  Carpets 
and  Oil  Cloths,  4  ;  Carriages  and  Wagons,  2  ;  Car- 
riage and  Wagon  Makers,  13;  Carriage  Hardware,  2; 
Carriage  Trimnungs,  2 ;  Catholic  Books,  1  ;  Chair 
Manufacturers,  2  ;  China  Decorator,  1  ;  Churn  Manu- 
facturers, 2  ;  Cider  Manufacturers,  3;  Cigar  Makers, 
30;  Cigars  and  Tobacco,  22;  Cisterns  and  Tanks,  2; 
Civil  Kngineers,  10 ;  Clairvoyants,!;  Cloak  Manu- 
facturers. 2;  Clothing,  20;  t  lub  House,  1;  Coal.  9; 
Coal  and  Wood,  52  ;  Coffee  and  Spice  Mills,  4  ;  Coke, 
4;  Commission  — Boots  and  Shoes.  3;  Fruits,  2; 
Grain,  17  ;  Groceries,  1  ;  Meats,  Flynn  &  Dixon,  1 ; 
Produce,  7;  Stocks  and  Oil,  1.  Confectioners,  35; 
Contractors,  21;  Coopers,  6;  Cordage,  1;  Cornice 
Manufacturer,  1 ;  Cot  Manufacturer,  1  ;  Crockery 
and  Hardware,  11  ;  Cutlery.  5;  Dairies,  10;  Dentists, 
23 ;  Dredges,  2  ;  Dress  Makers,  87  ;  Druggists—  Whole- 
sale, 2  ;  Retail,  58.  Dry  Goods  — Wholesale,  2 ;  Re- 
tail, 37.  Dyers  and  Scourers,  4 ;  Electric  Light  Com- 
panies, 2  ;  Electrotypers.  2  ;  Elevator  Manufacturers, 
1;  Elocutionists,  4  ;  Engravers,  8;  Express  Compa- 
nies, 7  ;  Extract  Manufacturers,  2;  File  Manufac- 
turers, 2  ;  Filter  Manufacturers,  2  ;  Fire  Brick  and 
Fire  Clay,  3  ;  Fish  — Wholesale,  t> ;  Retail,  7  ;  Fishing 
Tackle,  7  ;  Flouring  Mills,  7;  Founders  and  Machin- 
ists, 9;  Fruits,  7  ;  Funeral  Directors,  16  ;  Furniture 
Manufacturers  and  Dealers,  18;  Furriers,  2 ;  Galvan- 
ized Cornice,  3  ;  Gas  Companies — Natural  Gas,  3  ; 
Gas  and  Oil,  2  ;  Illuminating  Gas,  1  ;  Gasoline  Stoves 
and  Ovens,  3  ;  Glass  Dealers,  2  ;  Grain  Elevators,  7  ; 
Grocers— Wholesale,  7  ;  Retail,  350;  Guns  and  Am- 
munition, 4;    Hardware— Wholesale,  5;    Retail,  25; 


Hat  Manufacturers,  2;  Hats,  Caps  and  Furs— Whole- 
.sale,  1  ;  Ret.ail,  12;  Hides,  Pelts  and  Furs,  5 ;  Hotels, 
50;  House  Furnishing  Goods,  6;  Ice  Dealers,  G  ;  In- 
stalment Houses,  (J;  Insurance  Agents,  38;  Insur- 
ance Companies— Accident,  5  ;  Cvi'lone,  1  ;  Fire  and 
Marine,  12(i;  Life,  13;  Live  Stock,  4 ;  Steam  Boiler, 
2;  Iron,?;  Iron  Works,  5  ;  .Jewelers,  .Manufactur- 
ing, 4  ;  Junk  Dealers,  (i ;  .Justices  of  the  Peace.  4; 
ICnitGooilsManufacturiTs,  3;  lyaundries,  13;  Leather 
Findings,  2;  Lime,  Plaster  and  Cement,  7  ;  Litho- 
graphers. 1  ;  I>ivery,  Sale  and  Boarding  Stables,  Hi  ; 
Locksmiths  and  Bell  Hangers.  4;  Lumber,  Lath  and 
Shingles,  29;  Maltsters,  2;  Mantels  and  Grates,  2  ; 
Marble  Works,  7 ;  Meat  Markets,  119;  Mechanical 
Engineers,  2;  Medical  Colleges,  2;  Men's  Furnish- 
ings, 15;  Mercantile  Ageru'ies,  2  ;  Merchant  Tailors, 
32;  Midwivcs,  G;  Mill  Supplies,  2  ;  Millinerv— Whole- 
sale, 1  ;  Retail,  27  ;  Moulding  Manufacturers.  3;  Mu- 
sic Publishers,  2 ;  Music  and  Musical  Merchandise, 
4;  Music  Teacher.--,  21;  News  Depots,  11;  News- 
papers—Daily,  4  ;  Weekly,  15;  IMonlhlv,  9;  Notary 
Publics,  17;  Notions— VVholesale,  5  ;'  Retail,  19; 
Nurses,  3;  Oculists  and  Aurists.  3  ;  Oils,  7  ;  Opticians, 
4;  Overall  Manufactui-ers,  2;  Packers  (Beef  and 
Pork),  3  ;  Paints  and  Paint  Manufacturers.  5  ;  Paint- 
ers, 47  ;  Paints,  Oils  and  (.ilass,  12;  Paper,  4 ;  Pawn- 
brokers, 2  ;  Perfumes;  2  ;  Photograjjliers,  10  ;  Physi- 
cians, 104;  Piano  Tuners,  3  ;  Pianos  and  Organs"  4  ; 
Pictures  and  Picture  Frames,  10  ;  Planing  Mills,  15  ; 
Plow  Manufacturer,  1  ;  Plumbers,  Steam  and  Gas 
Fixtures,  7  ;  Potters,  2  ;  Printers  (Book  and  .Job),  17  ; 
Publishers,  10  ;  Pump  Jlanufacturers,  3  ;  Real  l-'-state, 
G5;  Refrigerators,  2;  Restaurants,  34 ;  Rolling  Mill,l  ; 
Roofers.  7;  Rubber  Goods,  1  ;  Roofing  Materials,  2  ; 
Rubber  Stamps,  2  ;  Saddle  and  Harne.ssmakers,  17; 
Saddlery  Hardware  (Wholesale),  1  ;  Safes,  1  ;  Saloons, 
395  ;  Sand.  6;  Sausage  Manufacturers,  3;  .Saw  .Manu- 
facturers, 5;  Second  Hand  Goods,  10;  Seeds.  5; 
Sewer  and  Drain  Pipe,  3  ;  Ship  Chandlers.  2;  Shirt 
Manufacturers,  3;  Short  Hand  School,  1  ;  .Soap  Manu- 
facturers, 5;  Sporting  Goods,  4 ;  Stair  Builders,  3; 
Stationers— Wholesale,  3;  Retail,  2;  Staves  and 
Heading,  4  ;  Steam  Fitting,  2;  Steam  Heating  Appa- 
ratus, 1  ;  Steamship  Agents,  2  ;  Steamship  Lines,  13  ; 
Stenographers,  4 ;  Stone  Yards,  5 ;  Stove  Repairers, 
2;  Stoves.  8;  Tag  and  Label  Manuf.acturers,  2; 
'Tailors,  18;  Taxidermists,  1;  Teas,  toffees  and 
Spices,  G  ;  Telegraph  Companies,  5  ;  Telephone  Com- 
pany, 1  ;  Tin,  Sheet  Iron  and  Copper  Workers,  19; 
Tobacco  Manufacturers  and  Wholesale  Dealers,  5  ; 
Transfer  Companies,  2;  Trunk  Manufacturers,  4; 
Turkish  Bath,  1;  Upholsterers,  5 ;  Varnish  Manu- 
facturers, 2 ;  Velocipedes,  2 ;  Vessel  Owners  and 
Agents,  3  ;  Veterinary  Surgeons,  5  ;  Vinegar  Manufac- 
turers, 2;  Wagon  "Makers,  17;  Wall  Paper,  4; 
Wat(dics,  Clocks  and  Jewelry— Wholesale,  1  ;  Betail, 
24;  Wheelbarrow  Manufacturer,  );  Window  and 
Door  Screens,  3;  Wine  Growers  and  Manufacturers, 
2;  Wines  and  Liquors — Wholesale,  12;  Retail,  3; 
Wire  and  Iron  Fencing,  1 ;  WireClotli  Manufacturer, 
1;  Wire  Workers,  2  ;  Wood  and  Willow  Ware,  2; 
Wooden  Shoemaker,  1;  Woolens  (Wholesale),  2; 
Wringers,  3;  Yeast,  1.  . 


CHAPTER  XVIII. 


BANKS    AND    BANKING. 


THIS  would  not  be  the  proper  place  for  any- 
thing like  a  history  of  Banking  in  Ohio; 
and  yet,  in  connection  with  the  record  to  be 
made  of  that  interest  in  Lucas  County,  brief 
relerence  to  the  origin  and  progress  of  the  same 
in  the  State,  will  not  be  irrelevant. 

The  first  Banking  institution  in  Ohio  was  the 
Miami  Exporting  Company  of  Cincinnati,  char- 
tered in  April,  1803,  at  the  very  outset  of  the 
State  Government.  Its  object,  as  indicated  by 
the  name  given  to  it,  was  the  promotion  of 
trade  more  than  regular  Banking  business,  for 
which  latter  there  was  then  comparatively  little 
demand.  This  Company  continued  in  existence 
for  many  years,  with  varying  success. 

The  first  charter  for  a  strictly  Banking  in- 
stitution, was  that  of  the  Bank  of  Marietta, 
granted  in  1808;  another  charter,  for  the  Bank 
of  Chillicothe,  being  obtained  at  the  same  ses- 
sion of  the  Legislature.  Various  charters  werfi 
granted  from  that  time  until  1816,  when  12 
new  Banks  were  authorized,  and  the  charters 
of  old  ones  renewed.  A  peculiarity  of  the  sys- 
tem then  adopted,  was  the  participation  in  the 
same  which  was  given  to  the  State.  Each  new 
Bank,  at  the  outset,  was  to  set  apart  for  the 
State  one  share  in  each  25  shares,  in  consider- 
ation of  its  charter;  and  each  Bank  renewed 
was  to  create  for  the  State  a  like  proportion  of 
stock.  Each  one  of  both  classes,  was  annually 
to  set  apart  out  of  its  profits,  a  sum  which,  at 
the  time  when  its  charter  expired,  should  make 
a  sum  equal  to  4  per  cent,  of  its  entire  capital 
stock.  The  dividends  to  the  State  were  to  be 
invested  and  reinvested  until  one-sixth  of  the 
stock  should  become  State  propert}'.  By  that 
law,  Banks  were  authorized  to  be  established 
at  West  Union,  Columbus,  New  Lancaster,  St. 
Clairsville,  Mount  Pleasant,  Cleveland,  Chilli- 
cothe, New  Lisbon,  Wooster  and  the  Lebanon 
Miami  Banking  Company  and  the  Urbana 
Banking  Company.  The  charters  then  ex- 
tended, were  those  of  the  Marietta,  Chillicothe, 
Steubenville,  Muskingum,  Western  Reserve  (at 
Warren),  the  Farmers'  and  Mechanics'  Bank  at 
Cincinnati  and  the  Dayton  Manufacturing 
Company — all  charters  to  run  until  1843,  and 
each  with  a  capital  of  $500,000,  except  the 
Bank  of  Cincinnati,  to  be  $600,000.  This  ar- 
rangement continued  until  1825,  when  not 
working  satisfactorily,  it  was  so  changed,  that 
instead  of  sharing  in  the  stock  of  the  Bank, 
the  State  should  receive  the  specific  tax  of  2 
per  cent,  on  past  dividends,  and  4  per  cent,  on 
those  to  be  made  bj^  the  Bank. 

Meantime  so-called  Banks  came  into  exist- 
ence at  different  points,  without  due  authority 
of  law.     Among  these,  two  were  prominent  in 


Northern  Ohio— the  Owl  Creek  Bank,  in  Knox 
County;  and  the  Bank  of  Sandusky  Bay,  at 
Bloomingville  (now  in  Erie  County),  both  of 
which  caused  serious  loss  to  holders  of  their 
bills.  Such  was  the  condition  of  the  Banks  in 
Ohio  in  1818,  that  less  than  one-half  of  their 
notes  were  receivable  for  public  taxes. 

In  1831,  the  tax  on  the  Banks  was  increased 
from  4  to  5  per  cent,  of  the  dividends. 

In  1839,  the  Banks  of  the  State  having  been 
largely  managed  in  loose  wa3S  and  without 
proper  supervision,  a  Board  of  Bank  Commis- 
sioners was  appointed.  This  inquisition  was 
unsatisfactory  to  the  Banks,  and  provoked 
much  controversy,  which  was  greatly  intensi- 
fied by  a  bitter  political  warfare  against  the 
entire  system  of  Banking  and  all  pajjer  cur- 
rency. For  some  years,  the  question  of  Bank 
note  circulation  constituted  the  main  issue 
between  the  Whig  and  Democratic  parties  in 
Ohio — the  former  favoring  such  currency,  when 
properly  secured  against  loss;  while  the  latter 
party  declared  itself  opiposed  to  anythiug  as 
currency,  save  gold  and  silver  coin.  This  state 
of  things  was  largely  due  to  the  policy  of  the 
General  Government,  adopted  about  1834,  un- 
der what  was  popularly  known  as  the  "  Pet 
Bank  System."  That  came  about  through  a 
contest  between  the  two  political  parties — the 
Democratic,  with  President  .Tackson  at  its  head; 
and  the  Whig  party,  under  the  lead  of  Daniel 
Webster  and  Henry  Clay,  with  a  majority  in 
both  Houses  of  Congress.  The  charter  of  the 
United  States  Bank,  granted  in  1816,  for  20 
years,  was  to  expire  in  1836.  A  new  charter 
was  passed  by  Congress,  which  was  vetoed  by 
the  President,  and  thus  defeated.  Up  to  that 
time  and  for  many  years,  the  Bank  of  the 
United  States,  as  the  chief  financial  agency  of 
the  country,  had  operated  materially  towai'd 
giving  stability  and  reliability  to  the  currency, 
while  serving  trade  most  acceptably  in  the 
facilities  supplied  by  it  in  the  way  of  exchange. 
But  the  expii-ation  of  the  charter  of  that  insti- 
tution and  the  closing  up  of  its  affairs,  through 
the  hostility  of  President  Jackson,  was  attended 
by  a  new  order  of  things.  To  provide  a  sub- 
stitute for  the  National  Bank,  the  Administra- 
tion deposited  the  public  moneys  in  selected 
State  Banks,  and  to  furnish  a  subsli^.ute  for  the 
bills  of  the  discarded  Bank,  these  new  Banks 
of  deposit  were  encouraged  to  treat  the  Gov- 
ernment deposits  as  a  ba.'jis  for  the  circulation 
of  their  own  notes,  which  most  of  them  were 
quite  too  glad  to  do.  But  it  so  happened,  that 
these  "  Pet  Banks"  (as  they  came  to  be  called), 
were  only  able  to  stimulate  a  demand  for  cur- 
rency which  they  were  not  able  to  meet.     The 


[4S8] 


BANKS  AND  BANKING. 


489 


great  West  could  receive  but  little  benefit  from 
their  issues.  Co-operating  with  such  influences, 
was  the  rapid  influx  of  active  and  energetic 
settlers,  who  lost  no  time  in  seeking  out  the 
shortest  roads  to  riches,  through  operations  in 
farm  lands.  Town  lots  and  other  speculations, 
all  which  called  for  currency  ■'  to  meet  the  de- 
mands of  trade."  Impatient  of  dependence  on 
outside  Banks,  and  not  a  little  resentful  of  the 
practice  of  favoritism  by  the  Administration 
toward  such  "  pets,"  the  Western  States  re- 
sorted to  difterent  plans  for  meeting  this  press 
ing  call.  The  natural  result  of  such  state  of 
things  was  not  delayed.  It  came,  first,  in  the 
form  of  wild  s]>eculation  and  recklessness,  al- 
wa^'s  induced  b\^  excessive  currency  and  con- 
sequent facility  for  the  means  of  traffic. 

As  early  as  1835,  the  Govcrumeut  found  itself 
charged  with  a  burden  evidently  not  expected, 
and  which  was  mainly  felt  in  connection  with 
its  land  sales.  Speculation  was  chiefly  devel- 
oped in  traffic  in  public  lands,  which  were  pur- 
chased in  vast  quantities  by  speculators,  as  well 
as  by  an  unprecedented  tide  of  settlers  from  the 
East.  All  purchasers  sought  to  pay  in  the  cur- 
rency most  readily  to  be  obtained.  This  M'aa 
soon  found  to  be  impracticable  by  the  Govern- 
ment, since  a  large  portion  of  such  currency 
was  of  the  issue  of  obscure  Banks,  without  gen- 
eral credit  or  means  for  the  redemption  of  their 
notes.  Hence,  it  was  necessary  to  select  the 
Banks  whose  issues  were  deemed  safe,  and  pub- 
lish lists  of  such  for  the  information  of  land- 
buyers. 

'the  result  of  this  was  most  annojdng  and 
the  cause  of  heavy  loss  to  the  purchasers.  As 
will  be  seen,  before  visiting  a  Land  Office,  one 
was  compelled  to  consult  the  latest  published 
list  of  acceptable  Banks,  and  provide  himself 
accordingly.  Of  course,  such  choice  placed  the 
bills  of  the  Banks  named  at  a  premium,  and 
thus,  at  the  outset,  involved  loss  liy  the  pro- 
posed purchaser.  And  not  oidy  this — do  the 
best  he  could,  he  was  liable  to  find,  on  arrival 
at  the  distant  Land  Office,  that,  subsequent  to 
supplj'ing  himself  with  prescribed  currency, 
more  or  less  of  the  same,  in  consequence  of  the 
failure  or  discredit  of  Banks,  had  been  renderetl 
useless  to  him,  except  as  he  might  be  able  to 
exchange  it  at  whatever  "shave"  might  be  de- 
manded by  the  "  Money  Changers,"  located 
"next  door"  to  the  Land  Office.  The  result 
often  was  gross  wrons  throuirh  the  extortion 
thus  enforced  by  conscienceless  ojjerators. 

A  case  in  point,  is  that  of  Cyrus  Darling,  of 
Perr3sburg,  Wood  County,  whose  statement 
made  October  3,  183G,  indicates  something 
both  of  the  condition  of  the  currency  and  of 
the  modes  of  public  business  of  those  days. 
Mr.  Darling  said  that  in  July  previous  to  the 
date  named  he  was  at  the  I^and  Office  at  Lima, 
Ohio,  for  the  purjjose  of  purchasing  land;  and 
finding  the  currency  he  had  with  him  was  not 
"  Land    Office   money,"  he  was  referred  to    a 

3« 


small  "  E.xchange  Offi'ce  "  clo.se  by,  where  ac- 
ceptable money  was  to  bo  had,  for  which  he 
paid  5  per  cent,  ju'cmium.  After  getting  this, 
he  found  that  the  landselected  by  him  had  been 
entered  by  anothei-  person;  and  while  looking 
for  another  piece  the  Office  was  closed.  He 
then  went  to  the  Land  Office  at  Fort  Wayne, 
where  he  was  recinired  to  pay  to  another  Land 
Office  "Exchange  "  7  per  cent,  to  get  the  same 
money  changed  ;  nudving  a  total  ])reniium  of 
12  per  cent.  One  man,  who  had  jiaid  8  per 
cent.,  or  $32  premium  for  the  exchange  of 
$400,  found  his  lantl  taken,  and  begged  the  re- 
turn of  his  money,  which  was  rclused.  He 
seemed  to  be  a  hard-working  young  man. 

As  fui'ther  showing  something  of  the  condi. 
tion  of  the  curi-eiuv  atthe  West  at  that  time,  a 
copy  of  a  "  Shinplaster  "  is  given  here.  It 
bears  the  names  of  two  men  subsequently  emi- 
nent in  public  life — both  having  become  mem- 
bers of  Congress  from  Ohio,  and  one  (the 
"President")  the  Democratic,  candidate  for 
Governor  in  the  close  contest  of  1848,  when 
Seabury  Ford,  his  Whig  opponent,  was  chosen. 
The  "promise  to  pay  "  was  as  follows  : 


No.  48.         (\1GVETTE.— Horse  and  Leader.)  A. 

5  ELOCUTORY  BANK  5 

Will  pay  Thomas  Blair,  or  bearer,  on  demand, 

FIVE  CENTS, 

At  the  Office  of  the  Cashier,  Hamilton,  Ohio. 


L.  D.  Campbelt, 

Cei^h  tee. 
M.4Y  27,  1837. 


John  B.  Weller, 

President. 


This  is  but  a  sample  of  a  large  portion  of  the 
"  currencj-  "  then  in  use  throughout  the  West, 
and  to  large  extent  in  other  sections  ;  except, 
that  most  of  it  was  the  issue  of  firms  and  indi- 
viduals, and  made  payable  in  'lui-rent  Bank 
notes,"  when  pi'esented  in  sums  of  one  or  moi'o 
dollars. 

The  natural  climax  of  the  fiiuincial  policy  of 
the  Government  was  reached  in  the  issue  of 
the  '•  Sjjecie  Circular  "  of  the  Fall  of  1830,  Ibi-. 
bidding  the  receipt  of  anything  but  gohl  and 
silver  for  public  dues,  which  ojjerated  greatly 
to  aggravate  the  state  of  things,  especially  at 
the  West. 

In  July,  1838,  notes  of  the  Banks  of  the 
several  States,  were  quoted  at  New  York  at  the 
discount  here  given,  to  wit: 

Connecticut  Bank,  2;  percent.;  Ilhode  Isl;uicl,  1.4; 
Maine,  New  Hamiishire,  Ma.ssachu.setts  and  Verniunt, 
1 ;  New  Jersey,  par  to  4  ;  Pennsylvania,  2  to  8  ;  Dis- 
trict of  Columbia,  3^  ;  Georgia,  5  to  8  ;  Ohio,  5  to  G  ; 
Indiana  and  Illinois,  li ;  Mobile,  Ala.,  14  to  K! ;  New 
Orleans,  10  ;  Natchez,  20  to  2.") ;  Canada,  b  to  (J.  For 
collections— On  Boston,  J  ;  Philadelpbia,  2  ;  New 
Orleans,  li  to  10;  Mobile,  14  to  15. 

In  1845,  the fir.st  .sound  and  effective  Banking 
sjstem  was  adopted  in  Ohio.  It  consisted  of 
the  State  Bank  of  Ohio,  with  Branches,  to- 
gether with  provision  for  Independent  Banks. 


■JOO 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Under  the  law,  a  certain  amount  of  capital 
■was  fixed  for  the  entire  State,  and  -whicli  was 
apportioned  to  the  different  sections  of  the 
State,  according  to  the  assumed  needs  of  the 
same,  respectively.  This  apportionment  was  not 
always  satisfactory,  nor  always  just.  The  rule 
of  "  tirst  come,  first  served,"  necessarily  adopted, 
operated  to  secure  to  the  earliest  applicants 
]irivileges  assigned  to  a  certain  district.  Hence, 
it  was,  for  instance,  that  stejJS  were  taken  at 
Findlaj-  for  a  Branch  of  the  State  Bank;  and 
when  preliminaries  were  completed,  it  was 
found  that  Toledo  had  got  the  start  b}'  a  day 
or  two,  and  secured  for  itself  all  the  Banking 
])rivileges  apportioned  to  this  section  under  the 
State  Bank  system. 

While  that  sj'stem  was  not  perfect,  itwas,by 
all  odds,  the  best  the  State  had  then  known, 
and  soon  commanded  the  general  contidence  of 
the  people.  It  remained  in  operation  until  the 
creation  by  Congress  of  the  system  of  National 
Banks,  in  1863,  which  was  made  to  take  the 
place  of  all  local  Banks  of  issue  by  means  of 
taxation  of  the  latter  amounting  to  prohibition. 
The  result  was,  that  most  of  the  State  Banks 
accepted  and  organized  under  the  National 
sj'stem,  which  from  the  first  commanded  the 
confidence  of  the  country  to  an  extent  far 
beyond  anything  previously  existing.  Two 
distinctive  and  highly  important  benefits  have 
been  conferred  by  it :  1st.  A  currency  so 
sound  and  reliable  that  the  notes  of  every 
Bank,  however  obscure  its  location  or  small  its 
capital  stock,  are  current  equally  with  those  of 
the  largest  institutions  at  the  centers  of  trade; 
while  all  have  credit  at  the  principal  money 
marts  of  the  world.  The  second  advantage 
arising  from  this  8J^stenl,  consists  in  the  un- 
precedented facilities  for  exchange  thereby  sup. 
plied.  Until  its  adoption  24  years  ago,  all 
values  in  trade  were  more  or  less  controlled  by 
the  rates  for  exchange  existing  at  the  several 
markets,  and  which  depended  on  the  value  of 
the  local  currency  at  the  point  where  the  ex- 
change was  to  be  used.  The  consequence  often 
was,  that  a  large  per  cent,  of  a  dealer's  receipts 
Avas  required  to  get  the  balance  into  shape  to 
be  available  for  paying  his  indebtedness  or  for 
new  purchases. 

Some  idea  may  be  had  of  the  embarrassment 
experienced  in  this  connection  in  early  times, 
from  a  statement  of  the  main  reliance  for  ex- 
change then  possessed.  This  consisted  in  cut- 
ting Bank  bills  into  two  equal  parts  from  top 
to  bottom,  and  then  mailing  to  the  payee  one 
part  of  each  bill  so  cut,  accompanied  by  a 
description  of  the  same,  together  with  notice, 
that  upon  acknowledgment  of  receipt  of  the 
same,  the  other  parts  of  the  bills  would  be  for- 
warded in  like  manner.  As  a  result  of  the 
imperfect  mail  facilities  of  those  days,  it  was 
not  infrequent  that  the  first  remittance  would 
be  lost.  In  such  case,  public  notice  was  given 
through   the   press   of  the  fact,  when  the  re- 


tained parts  of  the  bills  would  be  sent  to  the 
proper  Banks,  by  which  they  would  be  ex- 
changed for  new  bills.  All  this — or  nearly 
all — was  dispensed  with  in  the  establishment 
of  a  currency  uniform  in  value  at  all  points; 
whereby  at  the  farthest  there  can  be  no  cost 
for  exchange  beyond  the  actual  expense  for  the 
transportation  of  currency  to  the  point  of 
use;  while  for  much  of  each  year,  especially  at 
commercial  centers,  currency  is  worth  more 
than  exchange,  and  at  a  premium— a  condition 
of  things  in  marked  contrast  with  that  which 
devolved  upon  Western  and  Southern  dealers 
a  loss  of  from  1  to  25,  and  even  a  higher  per 
cent,  of  loss  on  their  business  for  exchange. 

Whether  or  not  Michigan  in  her  "  Wild  Cat  " 
Banks,  furnished  the  worst  samples  of  the 
broods  born  of  the  "  Pet  Bank  "  system,  niaj' 
be  in  doubt;  but  the  necessarilj' intimate  rela 
tions  of  Lucas  County,  and  of  Ohio  generally, 
with  that  particular  species,  constitute  a  por- 
tion of  the  local  histmy  here  projier  to  be 
furnished. 

In  its  effects  upon  the  Inisiness  of  this  sec- 
tion, the  wretched  so-called  "currency"  of 
Michigan,  was  no  less  unfortunate  than  was  the 
boundary  cpiestion,  which  then  had  just  been 
settled.  In  fact,  the  contest  with  the  "  Wild 
Cat "  brood,  while  perhaps  not  more  bloody 
than  was  the  "  Toledo  War,"  nevertheless  was 
far  more  calamitous  to  the  material  interests  of 
both  sides  of  the  disputed  boundaiy. 

By  the  1st  of  January,  1838,' "  Michigan 
money"  had  come  to  be  a  matter  of  scricnis 
concern,  and  of  no  little  discussion  in  this 
region.  The  Banks  had  substantially  all  sus- 
pended payment,  without  the  ]iossessi(jn  bjMlie 
jjublie  of  any  proper  information  as  to  when 
or  whether  they  would  resume.  For  a  time, 
this  question  seriously  disturbed  business  cir- 
cles. The  dealers  of  Toledo  had  divided  as  to 
the  course  to  be  pursued  in  this  matter.  De- 
cember If),  1837,  a  meeting  of  citizens  of  Tre- 
niainesville  and  vicinity  was  held  lor  the  "  con- 
siileration  of  the  depreciation  of  Michigan 
monej-,"  with  Horace  Thacher  in  the  Chair, 
and  Cyrus  Fisher  as  Secretarj'.  After  pro- 
viding for  an  adjourned  meeting,  with  dele- 
gates from  Sylvania,  Bedfonl  and  Erie,  ad- 
journment to  l)ecember  22,  at  the  house  of  P. 
I.  Phillips,  Tremainesville,  took  place.  At 
the  adjourned  meeting  after  discussion,  it  was 
resolved  to  stand  by  the  Michigan  Banks  and 
receive  such  of  their  notes  as  circulated  at 
home.  The  "  Toledo  merchants  and  dealers  " 
who  were  discounting  such  bills  at  12i  per  cent. 
were  strongly  censured  for  so  doing, since  such 
policy  was  likely  to  "injure  the  farmers  and 
mechanics,"  turn  "trade  into  other  channels," 
and  "  drive  the  only  currencj'  they  had  out  of 
the  country."  They  would  "ask  no  discount  on 
such  money,"  nor  would  "they  deal,  if  within 
their  piower  to  avoid  it,  with  any  man  who  de- 
manded   it" — an    instance    of   "  Boycotting," 


BANKS  AND  BANKING. 


•Jfll 


practiced  many  years  before  Mr.  Boycott,  tho 
Irish  landlord,  was  subjected  to  tho  same 
means  for  coercion.  The  Conunittoe  reporting 
the  rosi)lutions  consisted  of  Dr.  Cyi'us  Fisher, 
John  W.  Collins,  J.  Porter  Whitiiev,  Thomas 
Wing,  Coleman  I.  Keeler,  M.  W.  W'est  and  M. 
Ij.  Whitney.  To  what  extent  local  jealoii.sy 
may  have  operated  to  array  the  Trcmaines- 
ville  biisine.s.s  men  so  activelj'  agsunst  the 
policy  adopted  at  their  j'oung  and  rising  com- 
petit(n',  cannot  now  be  definitely  stated. 
.  The  jieople  of  Maumee  City,  also,  sliarcd  in 
this  currency  troulile.  A  meeting  of  merchants 
and  other  citizens  was  held  in  August,  1S37,  to 
take  measures  to  prevent  injury  from  the  cir- 
culation of  uncurrent  Bank  notes.  Hiram 
Steele  was  the  Chairman,  and  B.  D.  Cofiin  the 
Secretary.  F.  E.  Kirthuul,  Dr.  Oscar  White, 
Timothy  Gritfith,  Owen  Williams  and  James 
Howe,  as  a  committee,  reported  resolutions 
de])rccating  the  embarrassment  under  which 
trade  was  conducted,  and  specifying  the  Bank 
notes  which  they  would  receive  and  the  rates 
to  be  allowed  for  the  same.  They  proposed, 
that  "  for  the  jnirpose  of  restoring  the  currency 
to  something  like  a  par  standard,  they  would 
cliarge  and  exact  the  following  rates  of  dis- 
count on  Michigan  Bank  notes:  The  Banks  in 
Detroit  and  the  River  Baisin  Bank,  not  bank- 
able in  Ohio,  five  per  cent.;  Erie  and  Kalamazoo 
Railroad  Bank  notes,  eight  per  cent.;  Washte- 
naw and  Monroe,  no  sale;  Clinton  and  Macomb 
County  Banks,  25  per  cent.;  and  other  Michi- 
gan notes,  10  per  cent."  It  was  provided,  that 
White  &  Kirtland,  Morehouse  &  Brownlee,  and 
S.  A.  it  J.  H.  Sargent  be  a  committee  to  report 
weekly  through  the  Maumee  City  Express, 
"the  standard  value  of  Michigan  Bank  notes." 
It  is  .safe  to  .say, that  these  firms  constitutcil  the 
first  recognized  authority  on  the  Maumee  Biver 
for  fixing  the  value  of  Bank  currency. 

An  address  delivered  in  February, 1S7S,  by  the 
late  Alpheus  Felch,  formerly  a  Bank  Commis- 
sioner of  Michigan,  member  of  the  Legislature 
and  Governor  of  that  State,  and  United  States 
Senator  from  the  same,  furnishes  much  informa- 
tion as  to  the  pioneer  Banking  system  of  that 
State.  The  first  charter  granted  by  the  Legis- 
lative Council,  was  for  the  Baidc  of  Monroe  in 
1832,  witli  permi.s.sion  to  establish  a  Branch  at 
Pontiac.  In  1835,  several  Banks  were  created 
and  Banking  ]irivileges  given  the  Erie  and  Kala- 
inazof)  and  the  Detroit  and  Pontiac  Pailroad 
Companies.  Although  Michigan  did  not  be- 
come a  State  until  January,  1837,  a  so-called 
State  Legislature,  early  in  1836,  undertook  to 
grant  Bank  charters,  of  which  that  of  the  Bank 
of  Manhattan  was  first  in  the  list,  it  having 
been  ajtproved  by  the  Governor  March  25, 
183G;  following  which  were  charters  for  the 
Banks  of  Calhoun  Count}',  St.  Clair,  Clinton, 
Ypsilanti,  Macomb  County,  Oakland  County, 
Teeumseh   and  Constantiue.     An  attempt    was 


made  to  adopt  a  "Safety  I'und  Sj-stcm,"  after 
the  plan  whieh  did  not  succeed  in  New  York, 
the  distinctive  feature  of  which  was  that  each 
Bank  was  to  deposit  with  the  Slate  Treasurer, 
at  the  beginning  of  each  year,  a  sum  e(|ual  to 
one-half  of  one  ]ier  cent,  on  the  capital  slock 
]iaid  in;  and  tho  fund  so  creali'il  was  to  be  lii'ld 
and  to  he  used  for  the  henetit  of  the  ci-ediloi\s 
whenever  any  Bank  in  the  ari-angciiu'iil  should 
become  insolvent.  This  applied  only  to  iianks 
thereafter  to  he  created  and  such  others  a.s  ac- 
cepted the  law.  The  ]u-ocess  of  Bank-creation 
then  went  on,  and  was  greatly  stimulated  in 
1837  by  the  suspension  of  nearly  every  solvent 
Baidv  in  the  country. 

In  oriler  the  moi'e  full}-  to  keep  afloat  the 
circulation  of  the  homo  institutions,  the  Mich- 
igan Legislature  in  June,  1837,  passed  an  "act 
suspending  for  a  limited  time  certain  provisions 
of  law,"  whereby  the  Banks  were  ]H»rmitted  to 
suspend  s]jecie  payments  until  Ma>-  18,  1838. 
Not  only  this,  but  all  banks  which  should  be 
started  before  the  Kith  of  May,  1838,  should 
have  the  benefit  of  this  j)rovision.  Thus  was 
the  door  opened  for  the  imlefinite  issue  of 
paper,  of  the  .solvency  of  which  there  could  be 
no  possible  means  of  ascertaining.  Asa  matter 
of  course,  scheming  adventurers  at  all  point.s 
availed  themselvesofsuch  cxtraordiliar}-  license. 
Under  tho  General  Banking  law,  10  ])er  cent, 
of  subscriptions  of  stock  was  to  be  paid  at  the 
time  of  subscription,  and  10  per  cent,  every  six 
months;  30  per  cent,  in  specie  being  required 
before  the  Bank  was  started.  But  this  was  not 
done.  One  recourse  for  evasion  of  the  law, 
was  the  use  of  so-called  "Sjiecie  Certificates," 
as  a  substitute  for  coin.  These  consisted  of  re- 
ceipts given  by  officers  of  the  Bank  and  by 
others  acknowledging  that  they  had  received 
specie  from  the  Bank.  In  other  cases,  specie 
was  borrowed  for  the  sole  jiurpose  of  being 
counted  by  the  Bank  Commissioners.  In  one 
ca.se,  as  ofiicially  reporteil,  S5,000  in  coin  thus 
borrowed  was  counted  three'  times  and  made 
to  answer  for  $15,000  in  three  difi'erent  Bank 
vaults.  The  Farmers'  Bank  of  (Jencsee  was 
started  on  $35,500  of  certificates;  the  Kxchange 
Bank  of  Shiawassee  on  $27,000  ;  the  Bank  ot 
La]iecr  on  $15,000  ;  and  the  Wayne  County 
Bank  on  $30,000  of  the  same  sort  of  ca]iital. 
The  loaning  of  sjiecie  and  of  s])ceie  certificates 
to  new  Banks,  came  to  he  a  regular  luisincss, 
and  a  source  of  profit. 

Within  one  year,  49  diffei-eni  Banks  were 
organized  in  Michigan  under  the  general  law. 
Of  these,  40  went  into  o]H'ralion,  being  one 
Bank  for  each  4,000  inhabitants  of  the  State, 
with  an  aggregate  capital  stock  of  $3,015,000, 
or  about  $22  per  capita.  Had  the  law  l)een 
complied  with,  there  would  have  been  an  avail- 
able coin  reserve  of  $1,745,000,  for  the  security 
of  creditors;  but  there  was  ]irobal)ly  not  five 
]ier  cent,    of  such  annuint.     ifany  Banks  were 


492 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


located  at  points  distant  and  inaccessible,  seem- 
ingly for  the  purpose  of  preventing  I'eady  pre- 
sentation of  tlieir  notes. 

The  j-ear  1839  was  one  of  marked  fatality 
with  these  institntions ;  and  in  December  it 
was  officially  reported  that  there  remained  of 
the  originalbrood  but  three  having  charters 
and  one  branch,  and  four  of  the  40  under  the 
general  law.  There  were  then  42  nnder  in- 
junction, prohibiting  business  by  them.  At 
least  $1,000,000  of  the  notes  of  "these  Banks 
proved  worthless,  being  ehiefly  in  the  hands  of 
the  peojile  of  Michigan,  since  they  had  little 
credit  outside  that  State.  To  make  more  com- 
plete the  final  collapse,  the  State  Courts,  in 
1845,  declared  the  general  law  to  be  unconsti- 
tutional. This,  of  course,  discharged  all  indi- 
vidual liability  of  stockholders,  on  which  bill- 
holders'  hope  for  relief  almost  whollj^  rested. 
Another  decision  (in  1848)  held  that  a  Bank 
Director  could  not  be  adjudged  liable  under 
the  provision  of  the  law  declaring  such  liabilit}-. 

The  ease  of  the  Farmers'  Genesee  County 
Bank  may  be  taken  as  a  sample  of  its  class. 
Upon  official  examination  it  was  found  that 
there  was  in  the  Bank  neither  specie  nor  bills 
of  other  Banks;  no  officer  in  charge  of  the 
Bank;  no  set  of  books — nothing,  save  a  file  of 
"stock  notes,"  a  file  of  receijits  to  stockhohlers, 
and  unendorsed  notes  to  the  amount  of  S168,- 
053.50.  These  notes  were  given  bj-  dift'erent 
jjersons — $60,000  by  E.  II.  Jerome,  President 
of  the  Bank,  and  payable  five  years  from  date; 
and  152,000  bj'  Eufus  Brown,  Jr.,  also  payable 
in  five  j"ears.  There  was  no  evidence  of  any 
security  in  real  estate  having  been  given,  or 
that  any  coin  was  ever  in  the  Bank.  In  the 
Exchange  Bank  of  Shiawassee,  no  books  were 
found  giving  anj'clueto  the  transactions  of  the 
concern.  Five  coppers,  a  counterfeit  note  of  a 
New  York  Bank  for  $5,  and  a  check  for  $3,000, 
were  found  in  the  vaults.  The  circulation  of 
the  Bank  was  $25,000.  The  books  of  the  Jack- 
.son  County  Bank  at  Jackson,  were  found  in- 
terpolated, erased  and  kept  in  pencil ;  while 
the  "assets"  consisted  of  boxes  filled  with 
nails,  glass  and  iron.  The  Bank  of  White 
Pigeon  had  found  itself  so  pressed  for  money, 
that  it  commenced  the  printing  of  its  notes  on 
common  paper  in  the  "shinplaster "  stjde. 
These  all  were  among  the  "  Safetj'  Fund 
Banks"  of  Michigan. 

The  experience  of  the  young  State  of  Michi- 
gan in  connection  with  her  outset  in  internal 
improvements — chiefly  the  Southern  and  Cen- 
tral Railroads — well  illustrates  both  her  em- 
barrassments and  the  general  condition  at  the 
West,  following  the  financial  paralysis  dating 
from  1837.  For  the  purpose  of  carrying  on  its 
improvements,  the  State  borrowed  money  at 
liberal  interest,  and  deposited  it  in  the  State 
Bank  of  Michigan,  as  the  safest  known  place 
for  keeping.  When  called  for,  however,  the 
money  was  not   forthcoming.     The  Bank,   in 


explanation  of  its  inability  to  respond  to  the 
State's  demand  in  1839,  made  report  that  the 
mone}'  had  been  loaned  to  and  was  then  due 
from,  the  following  named  persons  : 

StevensT.  Jlixjon,  Governor - 8  4,414  .TO 

.TolmT.  Mason,  Governor's  father 2.311  ~-i 

Calvin  C.  Jack.son,  Governor's  Private  Secretary 2,.3'iO  S2 

Charles  W.  Whipple,  .Tudge — 8,40-4  64 

.James  B.  Hunt,  Commissioner 28,003  71 

Lewis  S.  Humphrev,  Commissioner II, 70,^  Oi) 

Horace  C.  Comstock,  Senator 44,090  00 

('onradTen  Eyck,  U.  S.  Marshal 5.792  93 

Lucius  Lvon,  Ex-United  States  Senator 900  00 

Daniel  Goodwin,  U.  S.  District  Attorney 2.000  00 

Epaphroditus  Ransom I,5i7  84 

Uavid  C.  McKinstry,  Commissioner _. 8,82;i  71 

John  Norton,  Jr.,  Cashier 6,4."6  37 

Foster  and  Gibson,  Commissioners 1,643  00 

Kinsinf;  Prichette,  Bank  Commissioner l.tj43  00 

Justice  Burdifk,  Ex-Commissioner 6,432  98 

■I'hoimis  H.  I'liiik,  Director $9,440  00 

J.  Mott  Williams,  Attornev  and  Director 3,710  00 

AntbonvTen  Evck _ 437  95 

Frederick  H.  Stevens 29,850  00 

John  D.  Pierce,  Superintendent  Public  Instruction..  9,737  00 

James  Beaubien l.dOO  00 

John  W.  Wilson,  Ex-Sheriff. 10,000  00 

Bankot  Niles 7,387  97 

Bank  ol  Marshall 30,(iOO  00 

C.  &  J.  Wells - 8,974  110 

Peter  Morev.  Attornev  General ._ ]00  97 

John  S.  Bagg 470  00 

Total $245,414  97 

The  "  individual  liability  "principle  in  Bank- 
ing adopted  in  Indiana,  as  indicated  by  the  ease 
of  the  Bank  of  Newville,  wasdiffcrent  from  that 
of  Michigan,  though  not  adapted  to  as  general 
application.  In  that  case,  it  is  credibly  (though 
not  officially)  reported  that  the  President  of 
the  Bank  (Ladd  Thomas)  carried  its  "specie 
basis  "  (a  double  eagle)  securely  sewed  in  the 
seat  of  his  buckskin  pants.*  This  statement 
being  true,  hardly  equals  that  of  the  Bank  in 
Indiana  in  1822,  which  was  said  to  have  issued 
skins  of  animals  as  currency,  instead  of  notes. 
Thus,  a  raccoon  skin  passed  for  $1.00;  an 
opossum  for  50  cents  ;  minks  for  25  cents  each  ; 
rabbits  at  12i  cents,  and  sciuirrels  for  1  cent. 
At  length  this,  like  most  other  currency,  be- 
came vitiated  by  counterfeits.  Thus,  coon 
tails  were  attached  to  'possum  skins, and  passed 
at  $1  00,  while  the  tailless  coons,  without  their 
pedal  witness,  maintained  their  true  value  until 
the  fraud  was  detected. 

The  following  "  Specie  Basis  Bank  Note  Ta- 
ble," as  published  in  the  Blade  of  February  18, 
1842,  shows  something  of  the  condition  of  the 
currency  of  the  West  at  that  time  : 

OHIO. 

All  banks,  except  the  following V2\  discount 

Bank  of  Cincinnati 

Bank  of  Steubenville broke 

Cii'cleville  (chartered  IHIS) broke 

(ierman  Bank  of  Wooster 

Gallipolis broke 

Lebanon  ]M.  Banking  Company failed 

Mechanics'  and  Traders'  Bank IT)  dis. 

Bank  of  Manhattan clased 

Miami  Exporting  Company broke 

Bank  of  West  Union broke 

Washington  Bank broke 

•Historical  address  by  Hon.  A.  P.  Edgerton,  now 
United  States  Commissioner  of  Civil  Service. 


BANKS  AND  BANKING. 


493 


Post  Notes  of  State  of  Ohio 12J  to  15  (lis.  viduiils  or  firms  of  |i;i|ht  tor   CMrciilalion.     The 

Bank  of  Granville     failo.l  i.onspquonco    was,    liiat   ovory    flopartnirnt    of 

Urbana  Bankinf:  Company fi.)  i  is.  ,       i     *         i    •        J                ec       .■             o,i       t   ', 

^      -^  traiU^  involvnii^  tho  use  of  fractions  of  tlio  dol- 

ii.Lixois.  lar,    was   most   seriously   afl'ecteii.     Tiio    only 

State  Hank  an,l  Branches 35  ,1is  •"=*'"■'=''  '•^■S"'-^  ^as  to  tlio   use  of  Govoniment 

Bank  (if  Illinois 35  dis.  rii''<tai:;((  slanips.      Ihose,  wlulo  too  iimilcfl    in 

Bank  of  Cairo amount  tor  the  doniaiul,  were  allendod   by  in- 

llliiKiis  and  Michigan  Canal  Checks 35  dis.  conveniences  of  no  small  measure.     Thus,  with 

,.,„,,,,,  their  ffummed  surface,  the  adhesiveness  cau.sed 

INDIANA,  .                            .1111                                  r                      11. 

by  unavoidable  dam]iiiess,  often  made  their  use 

State  Bank  and  Branches 14  dis.  very  annoviiii;-.     Tlie  case  was    one   well  illus- 

Indiana  State  Scrip,  |._> L'-J  ,lis.  tratinir  th(:'  adapfabiiil v  of  mankind  to  eoiuii- 

Indiana  State  Scriii,  loO _.    31.' tlis.  .•          '^               ,i      •    ,    i  •'     i  i         rn                      .      , 

tions  a]i|tareiilly  inloiei-able.      Jo  some  e.xlent, 

iMiciiiGAN.  tlu'  trouble  was  relieved  by  pasting  stanips  on 

Bank  (if  l\iver  Raisin ' lL'.S  dis.  pajier  rvjazed  on    one    side.     The    situation    of 

Bank  of  St.  Clair ]2i  dis.  tiiat  time,  is  illustrated  b}- the  case  of  a  lady 

Farmers'  and  Mechanics'  Bank 20    dis.  who  received  as  chaiigo  for  a  .?1.(KI  bill,  a  ferrV 

Michigan  Insurance  Company ._  IL'J  dis.  ijekel,  a  counterfeit  peiinv,  a  car  ticket,  a  milk 

A  I  other  Banks  in  the  State various  rates  ,  •   i.   ,    ..   u.  t  \  ,..•      i        I'-ii    „   u        i    .■   i     i 

ticket,  a  butchers  due  bill,  a  bread    tickel,  a 

K.xcuAXGE  (selling).  3-ceiit  aud  u  1-cent  jiosta.n'o  staiup,  aiid  an   ice- 

,,,.,.,.                                   „               ^  cream  ticket.     No  aderiuato  relief  for  this  coii- 

On  ^c^v  \ork,  premium 2    percent.  i-,-                         4-\  r^                   •     ..i                 •  •          r 

On  Buffalo  _.!.I _    M  iier  cent  dition  came  until  Congress,  in  the  provi.sion  of 

(lilbarfs  "History  of  Bankino-  in  Ireland,"  Hardin  the5-eent  nickel,  furnished  a  sub.slitute 

furnishes  in  the  cas(^'  of  a  Bank  at  Killarney,  a  ^o'"  subsidiary  coin,  which  answered  well  until 

samnleofBankin^;,  which  shows  that  the  i..rt  ^''^  return  ot    Silver  upon   the  resumption   of 

in  vogue  at  the  West  half  a  century  since,  was  '^P^cie  payment  m  1870.  Duringthe  more  severe 

not  the  first  of  its  kind.     A    bill-holder,   with  periods  preceding  the  relief  named,  resort  was 

companions,    called  on    the  Killarney  Banker,  sometimes  had  to  the  old  plan  of "  Shmpla.sters," 

who  also  was  a  Saddler,  when  the  following  in-  ^""^  w'*''  ''"1^  success,     E.v:pcrienco  gained  m 

terview  took  place-  former  emergencies,  was   an    eircclual   protest 

against  such  recourse. 
"Good  morning  to  you,  sir,"  .said  the  caller,  "  1 

presume  vou  are  the  gentleman  of  the  house."     "At  u  Aw-L-Tiv-n  tw  Trvr  T?r>r\ 

your  service,  ladies  and   gentlemen,"   returned  the  iiAJNJs.tJNL.lJN   iOt^bUO. 

Saddler.     "  It  is  here,  I  understand,  that  tbe  Bank  is  mi      /•        t>      i       ■  i  •       i                       i-     • 

kept,"   continued   the   gentleman.     "You  are  just  1  be  first  Bank  within  the  present  limits    of 

right,  sir."  replied  the  mechanic,  "this  is  the  Killar-  Toledo,  was  the  Bank  of  Manhattan.     As   al- 

ney  Bank,  for  want  of  abetter."     "  We  have  a  few  of  ready  stated,  its    charter  was    granted    by  the 

yournotes,  which  will  be  of  no  manner  of  n.se  to  us  Michigan  State  Legislature,  and   bore  date  of 

elisewtiere,  and  ill  tnanlc  vou   tor  cash  lor  them.  .,r        i    ..r    ic),-       ni'i       i        i         •  t               c   ,\     , 

"  Cash,  plasevonr  honor,  and  what  is  that?  Is  it  any-  March  25,  1&,%.     Ihe  legal    existence    of  that 

thing  in  the  le'ather  line  ?     I  have  a  beautiful  saddle  institution    was  called  m    question    in    a    suit 

here  as  iver  was  jiut  across  a  horse,  good,  and  cheap,  brought  by  the  Bank  to  collect  an  indebtedness 

uponmysavso.  How  much  of  my  notes  have  you,  sir,  claimed  of  the  late   James  Myers,    of  Toledo. 

if  you  plase?"  Upon  making  computation  the  gentle-  rpi,e  case  was  taken  to  the  OhioSuiiremcCourt, 

man  tound  he  had  lb  notes,  running  from  Al.  to  oS.  ,            •      Tor.i    -i             j      -j     i   4i     *  ji       u      i 

9id.  each,  amounting  to  15s.  9d.     "  There,  sir,  are  no  ^''^i-e.  Hi  1852,  it  was  decided  that  the  Bank 

le"ss  than  l(i  of  your  promises  to  pay,  for  the  amazing  never  had  a  legal  existence,  and  was  not  au- 

sum   of  fifteen   shillings  and   nine   pence,  Sterling  thorized  to  do  business,  for  the  reason  that  its 

money."     "  I  shonid  be  sorry,  most  noble  sir,"  said  charter  was    obtained    in    lS3(i,  from    a    body 

the  Banker   "to  waste  any  more  oi  your  Lordshii.'s  ^.■lllin2•  itself  "the  Legislature  of  the  State  of 

time,  or  ot  those  swate,  beautiful  ladies  and  gintlenien,  «« •   i  ■           i.        i                iU          ...   „   „„   iit!«„(„   „r 

but   I   have  an  illegant  bridle  here,  as  isn't  to  be  5'^'^'^'''"  j,     ^'^eyeas,  tbeio   was  no  "State  of 

matched  in  Yooiup,  Aishy,  Afriky  nor 'Meriky.    Its  Michigan      until  .January,  lb3<.     Juirthermore, 

lowest  price  is  fifteen  shi'llings  sixpence  ha'penny;  it  was  held,  "that  Manhattan  never  was  under 

we'll  say  fifteen  shillings  sixpence  to  your  Lordship.  the  jurisdiction  of  Michigan  ;    and  that  sccuri- 

If  ye'U  be  pleas(?d  to  accept  it,  there'll  be  a  tuppence  tj^,  „■^y^^J^  t^  ^n  uinui thorized  bank  aro  void." 

ha  penny,  or  a  thripiiennv  note  coming  to  your  Lord-      mi        ^i         i    ■  ■    „t   \    a„     ivt.,,..    „   „„< 

ship,  and  that  will  close  the  business  at  once."  Thus  tl..^.  claim   against  Judge  Myers  was  not 

collectible. 

Not  least  of  the   troubles   arising  from    the  A  statement  of  the  condition  of  the  Manhal- 

AVar  of  the  Eebellion,  and  the  attendant  fiiian-  tan  Bank,  June  30,1840,  showed  its  totals  to 

cial  disturbance,  was   that  caused   by  lack  of  have  been  $122,052.71.     Of  its  assets,  $00,824 

change  in  trade.     Coin  very  soon  passed  from  consisted    of  bills  discounted  ;  $18,500  special 

circulation,  and  as  the  Banks   issued  nothing  loans  on  interest;  judgments,  $5,42(i.     Of  lia- 

less  than  one   dollar    notes,   the    demand    for  bilitics,  cajiital  stock  paid  in,  $50,000;  circula- 

fractional  currency  came  to  be  of  very  sci'ious  tion,  $57,381 ;    interest,  $951.41;  deposits,  $13,- 

concei-n.     The  law  forbade  the  issue   by  indi-  034.     W.  A.  Chamberlain  was  then  the  Cashier. 


494 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


In  October,  1830,  Henry  D.  Ward  resigned  liis 
position  :is  Cashier  of  this  BunU,  when  Foster 
M.  Foilett  was  a|>pointO(l.  Botli  were  from 
Sandiisl<y,  where  ibcy  Bubseqiiently  died. 

The  tirst  Hanldiig  house  witiiin  the  original 
limits  of  Toledo,  was  that  of  Prentiss  k  Dow, 
eorner  of  Monroe  and  Summit  streets,  oi)ened 
in  184:5.  Subsequently  II.  P.  Esty  suceeeded 
Dow,  the  firm  then  being  II.  P.  Esty  &  Co. 
Robert  W.  Titus  was  connected  with  the  house. 
This  was  a  Broker's  and  Exchange  Bank. 

Until  ]S45,  there  had  been  no  chartered 
Bank  in  Toledo.  At  that  time  two  institutions 
— the  Comraci-ciiil  Bank  and  the  Bank  of 
Toledo — were  established.  The  certiticatc  for 
the  Commercial  Bank  of  Toledo,  was  filed  in 
the  County  Eecorder's  office,  October  8,  1845, 
under  the  act  incorporating  the  State  Bank  of 
Ohio  and  other  Banking  Companies,  passed 
Februarjr  24,  1845.  The  capital  stock  was 
fixed  at  f;iOO,OOI»,  in  shares  of  $100  each,  and 
divided  among  the  stockholders  (all  of  Cleve- 
land), as  follows:  Richard  Killiard,  400  shares; 
Jose])h  S.  Lake,  300;  Edmund  Clark,  50;  Isaac 
L.  Jewitt,  50;  Matthew  Johnson,  300;  Otto 
Klemm,  100.  The  oaths  of  the  Directors  wore 
recorded  Februarj'  3,  1846. 

The  certificate  for  the  Bank  of  Toledo,  also 
a  branch  of  the  State  bank,  was  tiled  October 
8,  1845.  Its  capital  stock  was  1100,000,  in 
shares  of  $100  each,  and  divided  as  follows: 
Moses  Y.  Beach  of  New  York  City,  500  shares; 
Charles  E.  Miller  of  Cuyahoga  Falls,  150; 
Wni.  Eatlle,  of  same  place,  170;  Horace  A. 
Miller,  same  place,  30;  Timothy  L.  Miller, 
same  place,  40;  Samuel  Rattle,  same  place,  10; 
Zenas  Cobb,  Jr.,  of  Cleveland,  100. 

The  following  shows  the  conditions  of  the 
Toledo  Branches  of  the  State  Bank  of  Ohio  in 
May,  1846: 


Notes  and  Bills  Discounted.. 

Specie  on  Hand 

Eistern  Deposits 

Bonds  with  State  Treasurer.. 

Capital  Stock  paid  in 

Circulatiou 

Deposits 

State  Tax  last  Six  Mouths 


Bani-  nf 

CovvmcrrAal 

To  cdu. 

Bank. 

$  77.3.39 

S14S,6:i9 

34,!l(i'.l 

36,.572 

3'i,4(l8 

)«,924 

y>,tm 

15,943 

(B.ron 

7.5.3.'>0 

H9,727 

ni,B2.5 

aij.w 

3(i,487 

nr.'j!) 

193.50 

In  October,  1845,  Chas.  R.  Miller  &  Co.,  Ex- 
change Brokers,  opened  an  office  in  Toledo, 
which  was  in  operation  some  years.  Mr.  Miller 
suh.sequcntly,  with  James  Myer.s  as  partner, 
started  and  for  some  time  edited  the  Commer- 
cial Itepxihlican  (since  known  as  the  Toledo 
Commercial). 

In  December,  1846,  Kraus  &  Co.,  Money 
Brokers,  opened  an  office  at  the  corner  of  Sum- 
mit and  Monroe  streets.  From  there  thej^  re- 
moved to  the  corner  of  Summit  and  JeflTerson, 
and  into  a  building  built  by  them.  Subse- 
quently Mr.  Kraus,  with  Wm.  H.  Smith,  suc- 


ceeded Wm.  G.  Powers  &  Co.,  as  owners  of  the 
City  Bank,  of  which  Geo,  C.  Hertzler  for  some 
time  was  Cashier.  The  firm  of  Kraus  &  Smith 
continued  in  business  until  the  fall  of  1873, 
when  financial  embarrassment  caused  its  sus- 
pension, with  an  iinlebtedness  of  about  11,000,- 
000,  due  largely  to  small  de])ositors,  including 
many  Germans  of  Mr.  Kraus's  nationality. 
No  similar  financial  disaster  in  Toledo  has 
caused  like  distress.  The  percentage  of  avail- 
able assets  proved  to  be  comparatively  small. 

The  Banks  and  Bankers  of  Toledo  in  Sep- 
tember, 1854,  consisted  of  the  Commercial 
Bank  of  Toledo,  Bliss  &  Hubbard,  A.  Parker, 
and  the  City  Bank  ((ico.  ('.  Hertzler,  Cashier). 
At  a  meeting  of  representatives  of  these,  Sep- 
tember 20th,  it  was  resolved  to  receive  on  de- 
posit at  ])ar  only  the  following  Bank  notes, 
\\7..:  Detroit,  Chicago,  AVheoling  (payable  at 
AVheeling),  notes  at  par  in  Pittsburg,  notes  of 
New  York  State,  New  England  and  New 
Jersey,  and  $10  and  upwards  of  Pennsylvania, 
Virginia,  Indiana  and  Kentucky.  Other  for- 
eign currency  jJi'cviously  received,  would  be 
taken  at  1  per  cent,  discount. 

In  December,  1855,  Beriy  &  Day  (L.  G. 
Berry  and  M.  W.  Day),  from  Adrian,  opened 
the  Mechanics'  Bank  in  Toledo,  which  con- 
tinued in  business  for  several  years. 

FIRST  NATIONAL  BANK. 

In  1851,  John  Poag  and  Valentine  II. 
Ketcham  commenced  a  Banking  business  in 
Toledo  under  the  firm  name  of  Poag  it 
Ketcham.  The  following  year  the  firm  became 
V.  H.  Ketcham  &  Co.,  and  in  1800,  Ketcham, 
Berdan  &  Co.  The  latter  firm  continued  in 
business  until  it  was  practically  merged  into 
the  First  National  Bank,  September  1,  1803. 
That  was  the  first  institution  of  the  kind  in 
Toledo,  and  among  the  earliest  in  the  ITnited 
States.  The  Directors  chosen  were  V.  H. 
Ketcham,  John  Berdan,  S.  S.  Hubbard,  Joseph 
K.  Secor,  I;3'man  AVheeler,  Theodore  B.  Casey 
and  Horace  Holcomb.  The  followint;  otficers 
were  chosen:  President,  V.  H.  Ketcham; 
Vice  President,  J.  K.  Secor;  Ca.shicr,  John 
Berdan. 

September  6.  1865,  John  Berdan  having  re- 
signed, S.  S.  Hubbard  was  appointed  Cashier. 
The  latter  served  in  that  cajiacity  until  March 
5,  1878,  a  period  of  13  years.  He  was  with 
the  Banking  House  of  Ketcham,  Berdan  it  Co. 
trom  1856  until  the  organization  of  the  First 
National  Bank,  in  which  he  was  Teller  until 
his  appointment  as  Cashier,  in  which  ]K)sition 
he  was  succeeded  by  Joseph  M.  Spencer,  who 
continued  in  that  capacity  until  he  resigned, 
January  3,  1882,  when  Spencer  D.  Carr  was 
appointed.  Ho  served  until  his  resignation, 
October  1,  1887,  when  Mr.  Spencer  was  re- 
elected to  that  position.  January  0,  1866, 
Horace  Holcomb  succeeded  Mr.  Secor  as  Vice 


BANKS  AND  BANKING. 


495 


President,  and  continued  as  siuh  until  January 
1,  1808,  at  wliicli  time  Mars  Ncarinfj  was 
elected.  Mr.  Ketcham  held  the  office  of  Presi- 
dent from  the  organization  of  tlie  ]5aidv  until 
liis  death,  in  July,  1887.  In  Scptenihcr  fiil- 
lowing  Mr.  Nearinij  waselccted  to  that  ]iosition. 
The  otiicera  of  the  Bank  in  October,  1S87,  were 
as  follows:  President,  Mars  Nearing;  Vice 
President,  Sheldon  C.  Reynolds ;  Cashier, 
Jose])h  M.  Spencer;  Assistant  Cashier,  V.  II. 
Ketcham  Jr.  Directors,  M.  Ncarin<r,  S.  C 
Jleynolds,  V.  H.  Ketcham  Jr.,  Welcome  (). 
Parker,  J.  M.  Spencer,  Geo.  II.  Ketcham.  Of 
the  original  officers  of  the  Bank,  the  only 
deaths  arc  tho.se  of  Mr.  Ketcham  and  Mr. 
Wheeler. 

The  capital  of  the  First  National  Bank  at 
first  was  $20(1,000.  This  was  increased  at  dif- 
ferent times,  and  has  been  for  some  years  ])ast 
$500,000.  From  its  organization  it  has  been  sec- 
ond to  no  like  institution  in  Toledo  or  the  West. 
Amid  the  tr^'ing  scenes  of  repeated  panics, 
its  credit  has  never  suflcred.  In  1868  the 
Bank  erected  the  fine  building,  154  Summit 
Street. 

TOLEDO  NATIONAL  BANK. 

The  Branch  of  the  State  Bank  of  Ohio  organ- 
ized in  1845,  and  known  as  the  Bank  of  Toledo, 
became  so  seriously  embarrassed  in  1852,  that 
the  redemption  of  its  circulation  under  the  law, 
was  assumed  by  the  parent  Bank.  In  1855,  the 
Bank  was  jnirchascd  by  Amasa  Stone  Jr., 
Stillman  Witt,  Joseph  Perkins,  H.  B.  Ilurlbut 
and  others,  of  Cleveland  ;  and  S.  M.  Young 
and  M.  R.  Waito,  of  Toledo,  by  whom  it  was 
continued  in  successful  operation  until  Novem- 
ber 19,  18ti4,  when  it  was  reorganized  under 
the  laws  of  the  United  States  as  the  Toledo 
National  Bank,  with  a  ca]Htal  stock  of  $300,- 

000.  The  officers  of  the  new  institution  were 
as  follows:  President,  S.  M.  Young;  Cashier, 
Paul  Jones;  Directors,  S.  M.  Young,  M.  R. 
Waitc,  II.  B.  Ilurlbut,  Joseph  Perkins  and 
Ainasa  Stone  Jr. 

Mr.  Young  has  served  as  President  of  the 
Bank  (inchnling  the  two  organizations)  since 
1855,  a  peri<(d  of  32  years,  being  a  longer 
jieriod  of  like  service  than  that  of  any  other 
citizen  of  Toledo.  Mr.  Jones  continued  as 
Cashier  until  April,  1873,  when,  in  consequence 
of  ill  health,  he  resigned  and  was  succeeded  by 
Horatio  S.  Young,  who  served  until  May,  1877, 
at  which  time  Fldgar  H.  Van  Iloesen,  the  pres- 
ent incumbent,  was  elected.  The  following  are 
the  officers  of  the  Bank  at  this  time  (Novem- 
ber, 1887):  President,  S.  M.  Young ;  Vice  Pres- 
ident, II.  S.  Walbridge;  Cashier,  E.  H.  Van 
Iloesen;  Directors,  S.  M.  Young,  H.  S.  Wal- 
bridge, Richard  Waite,  II.  S.  Young  and  Frank 

1.  Y'oung.  Charles  H.  Jones  is  the  Teller,  and 
John  M.  McKec  the  Book-keeper. 


SECOND  NATIONAL  BANK. 

Ill  ISdO,  Mr.  E.  Parmelec  opened  a  Banking 
house  in  Toledo,  under  the  name  of  Marino 
Hank,  and  continued  it  until  1861,  when  it  was 
I'corganized  as  a  Branch  of  the  Stale  I^ank  of 
Ohio,  of  which  Mv.  George  W.  Davis  became 
the  President. 

Under  the  United  States  Hanking  law  of 
18(13,  this  instit\ition  became  the  Second  Na- 
tional Hank  of  Toledo  in  January-,  18(i4,  with 
the  following  Hoard  of  I )irectors :  George  W. 
Davis,  William  Holies,  .lohn  A.  Moore,  Charles 
A.  King,  Matthew  Hrown,  Warren  Colburn, 
William  Rolf,  W.  W.  Griffith,  Fred.  Bissell. 
The  officers  then  chosen  were  :  President,  (J. 
W.  Davis;  Vice  President,  Wm.  Bolles;  Cash- 
ier, Nehemiah  Waterman. 

Mr.  Davis  has  been  President  of  the  Bank 
from  its  oi'ganization  and  is  such  at  this  time 
(1887).  Mv.  Waterman  served  as  Cashier  until 
his  death,  in  1874,  when  Charles  F.  Adams, 
then  a  Teller  in  the  Baidc,  succeeded,  and  yet 
holds  the  position.  Mr.  Moore  has  been  a  Di- 
rector from  the  first.  Of  the  other  original 
Directors,  Messrs.  Brown,  Colburn,  Bis.sell  and 
Berdan  havedied.  TheDirectors  for  1887  were 
G.  W.  Davis,  J.  A.  Moore,  F.  J.  King,  P.  F. 
Berdan,  Dennis  Coghlin,  W.  A.  Goslinc,  George 
A.  Braun,  T.  W.  Childs,  C.  F.  Adams. 

The  capital  of  this  Bank  at  the  organization 
was  $250,000,  which  has  been  increased  to 
$350,000. 

THE  NORTHERN  NATIONAL  BANK 

Was  organized  November  30,  1864.  The  first 
stockholde.'s'  meeting  was  held  January  10, 
1865,  when  tlie  following  Directors  were  chosen; 
]\Iatthcw  Shoemaker,  Charles  A.  King,  John 
T.  Newton  and  Ebenezer  Walbridge,  of  Toledo  ; 
RoUin  B.  Hubbard,  of  Sandusky;  Robert  M. 
Shoemaker,  of  Gleiidale;  and  J.  H.  Winter,  of 
Dayton.  On  the  same  day  the  Directors  elected 
officers,  as  follows:  President,  Matthew  Shoe- 
maker; and  John  T.  Newton,  Secretarj^  and 
Attorney.  January  19,  18()5,  J.  T.  Newton  was 
elected  Cashier. 

The  certificate  of  authority  oftlie  Comptroller 
of  the  Currency  was  issued  l'\'bruaiy  16,  IS65, 
and  the  Bank  commenced  business  in  Maicli 
following,  with  a  capital  of  $150,000,  wliicli 
i-einains  the  same  to  this  time,  with  a  surplus 
of  $50,000.  March  2,  1865,  Mr.  Newton  re- 
signed the  position  of  Cashier,  and  E.  T. 
Mortimer  was  chosen  for  the  ])osition.  January' 
13,  1870,  Fred.  B.  Shoemaker  was  elected 
Assistant  Cashier.  May  11,  1870,  Mr.  Mortimer 
resigned,  and  December  1,  1870,  F.  B.  Shoe- 
maker became  the  Cashier.  May  13,  1871, 
Oliver  S.  Bond  was  chosen  Vice  President. 
M.  Shoemaker  resigned  as  President  April  10, 
1872,  when  Edward  C.  Bodman  was  elected  to 


49G 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ihe  place.  January  10,  1873,  M.  Shoemaker 
became  Vice  President.  October  18,  1876,  Mr. 
Newtoiiwaselcctcd  President,  rice  Mr.  Boclman, 
resis^ned.  January  8,  1880,  Wra.  Cumminji;s 
was'ciected  President.  Upon  the  resignation 
of  F.  B.  Shoemaker,  L.  C.  DeWolf  was  elected 
Cashier  Januai'y  6,  1881,  and  served  until  June 
24,  1884,  when,  in  consequence  of  tailing  liealth, 
he' resigned.  September  11,  1884,  W.  A.  Eggle- 
ston  was  elected  Acting  Cashier.  The  present 
officers  of  the  Bank  (1887)  are  as  follows: 

President,  VVm.  Cummings  ;  Vice  President, 
M.  Slioemaker;  Cashier,  W.  A.  Eggleston  ; 
Direct'ors  — M.  D.  Carrington,*  M.  Shoemaker, 
Wm.  Cummings,  D.  E.  Locke,  Leander  Bur- 
dick,  F.  B.  Slioemaker,  James  Sccor,  J.  T. 
Newton,  George  Milmino. 

THE    TOLEDO    SAVINGS    BANK    AND    TRUST 
COMPANY. 

This  institution,  designed  to  be  a  depository 
of  savings,  was  organized  May  8,  1868,  as  the 
Toledo  Savings  Institution.  It  commenced 
business  July  21,  1868,  with  the  following 
named  officers  :  President,  Eichard  Mott ;  Vice 
President,  John  F.  Witker;  Treasurer,  A.  E. 
Maconiber.  Edward  Malone  succeeded  as  Vice 
President,  in  1860. 

June  18,  1874,  the  Bank  was  re-organized, 
under  its  present  name,  with  officersas  follows  ; 
President,  Eichard  Mott  ;  Vice  President,  Ed- 
ward Malone  ;  Cashier,  John  J.  Barker.  M.  D. 
Carrington  served  as  Vice  President  from  1875 
to  1878,  when  ho  was  succeeded  by  Thomas 
Vanstone. 

The  officers  for  1887  were  as  follows  :  Presi- 
dent, Eichard  Mott ;  Vice  President,  Thomas 
Vanstone;  Cashier,  John  J.  Barker.  Directors 
— Eichard  Mott,  Charles  F.  Curtis,  Eichard 
Waite,  Guido  Marx,  Wm.  W.  AVilliams,  Isaac 
N.  Poe,  Charles  L.  Eeynolds. 

MERCHANTS  NATIONAL  BANK. 

This  Bank  went  into  operation  in  December, 
1871,  with  a  capital  stock  of  $300,(«)0.  The 
officers  at  that  time  were  as  follows  :  President, 
Wilson  W^.  Griffith ;  Vice  President,  George 
Milmine ;  Cashier,  Charles  C.  Doolittlc.  The 
Directors  were  W.  W.  Griffith,  John  H.  Whit- 
aker.  Wager  Swayne,  N.  M.  Howard,  George 
Milmine,  Bernard  M.eilink,  John  Cummings, 
Charles  E.  Messinger  and  Fred.  Eaton.  Mr. 
Griffith  continued  as  President  until  1882,  when 
he  was  succeeded  by  W.  O.  Parker,  who  served 
for  one  year,  when  Eeed  V.  Boice  M'as  elected, 
who  now  (1887)  holds  the  po.sition.  Mr.  Mil- 
mine  was  the  Vice  President  until  January, 
1873,  since  which  time  that  position  has  been 
held  as  follows;  1873  to  1883,  by  N.  M.  How- 
ard ;  1883  to  1886,  by  Fred.  Eaton  ;  to  1887,  by 
J.  B.  Baldy  ;  1887,  by  M.  I.  Wilcox.  General 
Doolittle  has  been  the  only  Cashier  of  the  Bank. 

*Deceased. 


The  officers  for  1887  are  as  follows  :  President, 
E.  V.  Boice  ;  Vice  President,  M.  I.  Wilcox  ; 
Cashier,  C.  C.  Doolittle;  Assistant  Cashier, 
Monroe  C.  AVarn.  The  Directors  are  E.  V. 
Boice,  Fred.  Eaton,  S.  W.  Nettleton,  M.  I. 
Wilcox,  John  Cummings,  N.  H.  Swayne,  J.  B. 
Baldy,  George  B.  Pomeroy,  A.  L.  Spitzer,  C.  C. 
Waite. 

COMMERCIAL  NATIONAL  BANK. 

In  October,  1865,  Cyrus  H.  Coy,  under  the 
firm  name  of  C.  H.  C03'  &  Co.,  started  a  Bank- 
ing house  in  Toleilo,  and  continued  a  successful 
business  until  merged  into  the  Commercial 
National  Bank  of  Toledo,  which  was  organized 
September  0,  1875,  and  went  into  liquidation 
July  6,  1882,  paying  all  demands  in  full.  Its 
business  was  continued  by  C.  II.  Coy,  who 
finally'  closed  the  same  in  A]iril,  1883. 

The  capital  stock  of  the  Commercial  Bank 
was  $100,000.     Its  officers  were  as  follows; 

President,  C.  H.  Coy;  Vice  President,  J.  F.  Wit- 
ker ;  Cashier,  H.  S.  Halsted  ;  Assistant  Cashier,  N. 
W.  Dver.  Directors — C.  H.  Cov,  J.  F.  Witker,  August 
Pilliod,  U.S.  Halsted,  E.  t5.  Blair,  W.  S.  Waite,  D. 
W.  H.  Howard. 

THE  MERCHANTS'   AND   CLERKS'   SAVINGS 
INSTITUTION 

Was  organized  in  1870,  for  the  purpose  of 
affording  prudent  jiersons  a  suitable  place  for 
the  deposit  of  their  savings,  and  at  the  same 
time  encouraging  such  to  add  to  their  deposits 
by  the  payment  of  fair  interest  on  the  same. 
The  first  officers  consisted  of  Matthew  Shoe- 
maker, as  President;  and  Oliver  S.  Bond,  as 
Secretary  and  Treasurer.  Mr.  Shoemaker  con- 
tinued as  President  for  the  period  of  14  years, 
and  was  succeeded  in  1884  by  John  A.  Moore. 
January  3,  1888,  Mr.  Bond,  who  had  been  the 
Secretary  and  Treasurer  from  the  start,  was 
electeil  as  President,  with  I^'rcd.  Eaton  as  Vice 
President,  and  E.  Louis  Schomburg  as  Treas- 
urer. The  latter  gentleman,  from  the  first  had 
seiwed  as  Teller.  Dudley  G.  Saltonstall  has 
been  the  Book-keeper  for  the  past  12  j'cars. 
The  deposits  now  average  about  .|325,000,  on 
which  interest  at  three  per  cent,  per  annum  is 
paid  semi-annually,  in  May  and  November  each 
year.  The  stockholders  are  150  in  number. 
The  amount  of  dividends  ])aid  to  stock- 
holders to  this  time  is  $170,000;  the  amount 
of  interest  to  depositors,  $05,000 ;  and  of 
taxes  paid  to  the  County,  $25,000.  The 
present  surplus  is  $30,000.  The  Institution 
does  no  commercial  business,  and  loans  no 
monej'  on  personal  security.  From  the  start 
it  has  commanded  in  high  degree  the  confi- 
dence of  its  depositors  and  of  the  public.  The 
present  Board  of  Directors  is  constituted  as 
follows:  Oliver  S.  Bond,  P'red.  Eaton,  Milton 
Taylor,  James  Blass,  Wm.  H.  Scott,  Henry  W. 
Bigelow  and  E.  Louis  Schomburg,  of  Toledo ; 
and  John  Howard  Lee,  of  Boston. 


^•^s    p 


!yC<-^t>A..ciyz) 


X^-crCt 


iSS  Lf.  _  (fa  iyea-Lo  crCo 


BAXKS  AXD  BANKING. 


497 


NORTHWESTERN  SAVINGS  BANK. 

December  14, 1868,  the  Nortlnvostorn  Savings 
Depository  was  organized  by  H.  S.  Walbridge, 
Jxichard  Molt,  James  M.  Comstock,  Valentino 
Braun,  E.  II.  V'^an  Hoesen  and  A.  E.  ^laromhor. 
Mr.  AVaibridge  was  the  President,  and  Mr.  Van 
Jtloesen  tbe  Secretary  and  Treasure)'. 

This  institution  continued  until  Januaiy, 
1875,  when  it  was  changed  to  the  Northwestern 
Savings  Bank,  with  H.  S.  AValbridge,  liichai-d 
Mott,  Ileman  D.  "Walbridge,  Conrad  Hubei'ich, 
A.  E.  Macomber  and  Yj.  II.  Van  Hoescn  as 
Directors;  Mr.  "Walbridge  as  President,  and 
Mr.  Van  Hoesen  as  Treasurer. 

In  1877  the  Bank  was  merged  into  the  Toledo 
Savings  Bank  and  Trust  Company. 

KETCHAM  NATIONAL  BANK. 

In  1885,  John  B.  Ketcham  2d  established  a 
private  Banking  House  in  Toledo,  which  was 
eontinued  until  January  1,  1888,  when  it  was 
merged  into  the  Ketcham  National  Bank, 
then  organized,  with  a  capital  stock  of  ?250,- 

000.  It  commenced  business  at  the  Southeast 
corner  of  Madison  and  St.  Clair  Streets.  The 
members  of  the  Board  of  Directors  were: 
G.  G.  Hadiev,  J.  B.  Ketcham  2d,  J.  H.    Dovle, 

1.  N.  Reed, 'John  Berdan,  I.  N.  Pee,  E.  "W. 
Tolerton,  E.  C.  Shaw,  W.  O.  Parker,  E.  L. 
Barber,  and  Philip  Schmidt;  with  the  follow- 
ing officers:  President,  J.  B.  Ketcham  2d; 
Cashier,  S.  II.  AVaring;  Assistant  Cashier, 
Elbert  D.  Eoss. 

BANKING  HOUSE  OF  SPITZER  &  CO. 

In  1881,  C.  M.  Spitzcr,  L.  AVcidman  and  J. 
W.  AVeidman,  under  the  firm  name  of  Spitzer, 
Weidman  &  Co., established  at  Toledo  a  business 
for  general  Banking  and  dealing  in  Municipal 
bonds.  In  1882,  the  Messrs.  Weidman  retired, 
and  were  succeeded  by  A.  L.  Spitzer,  the  firm 
becoming  Spitzer  &  Co.,  as  it  now  continues. 
Its  place  of  business  is  in  Chamber  of  Commerce 
building.  Southwest  corner  of  Summit  and 
Madison  Streets. 

KEELER,  HOLCOMB  &  COMPANY. 

May  1,  1871,  Salmon  H.  Keeler,  Horace 
Holconib  and  Elijah  II.  Norton,  all  of  Toledo, 
under  the  firm  name  of  Keeler,  Holcomb  &  Co., 
opened  a  Banking  House  at  the  corner  of  St. 
Clair  and  Monroe  Streets,  for  the  transaction 
of  business  common  to  such  establishments. 
In  September,  1886,  Mr.  Norton  died.  The 
house  has  since  been  continued  by  the  other 
partners  under  the  name  of  the  original  tirm. 


RICHARD  MOTT  was  born  on  a  fiirm  in 
Mamaroncck,  "Westchester  County,  New  York, 
July  21,  1804.  He  is  of  Quaker  parentage,  his 
ancestors  on  both  sides  havingbeen  among  the 
early  American  converts   of  George  Fox,  and 


thcii-  descendants  have  loyally  accepted  and 
adhered  to  the  same  lailli.  II  is  father  owned  a 
flouring  ti<lo  mill  on  I>(ing  Island  Sound,  and 
was  ruined  finaniially  by  the  effects  of  Presi- 
dent .U'ffer.son's  "  Embargo  "  ]>ol icy,  from  which 
the  foreign  commerce  of  the  country  sullcred 
very  much.  Kichard  attended  a  Quakt'r  board- 
ing school,  where  members  of  the  Society  only 
were  admitted,  from  his  seventh  to  his  tenth 
year,  when  he  was  set  at  work  on  the  farm, 
plowing  with  a  double  team  when  but  11  vcars 
old. 

In  1815  the  family  I'cinoved  to  New  York 
City,  where  lie  was  again  at  School  for  a  time, 
without  a  holiday  to  break  the  uniloiMuit}'  of 
his  course  of  study.  At  the  age  of  14  he  was 
place<l  in  a  store  as  clerk,  to  licgin  tlu'  earning 
of  a  living.  At  16  he  taught  a  School,  with  the 
cx])ectation  of  obtaining  a  Collcgiateeducalimi, 
but  found  himself  wanting  in  requisite  financial 
means,  and  was  compelled  to  return  to  his 
clerkship,  where  he  continued  to  pursue  his 
studies  at  night  and  early  morning,  in  the  ho]ie 
ofmakingnpas  far  as  possible  lor  the  disa])- 
pointnient  of  being  unable  to  go  to  College. 
At  20  he  became  a  clerk  in  a  Bank,  remaining 
there  till  he  was  32  j'cars  of  age.  At  the  age 
of24,  hewas  married  with  Miss  Elizabeth  M. 
Smith,  a  daughtei-  of  Ca]itain  Ijlilui  Smith,  foi-- 
merly  of  New  Bedford,  ^lassachusclts,  the 
family  being  also  of  the  (^hiakcr  faith. 

In  February,  1S.S6,  Mr.  Molt  left  New  York 
for  Toledo,  where  he  arrived  ilarcli  1st,  by 
stage.  As  capital  for  a  start  in  business  here, 
he  brought  with  him  the  savings  from  his 
wages,  which  amounted  to  $4,000.  The  only 
money  gratuity  he  ever  received  was  a  legacy 
of  825,  which  he  devoted  t<j  the  purchase  of 
books. 

At  Toledo,  Mr.  Molt  soon  engaged  in  the 
Forwarding,  Commission,  and  Grain  business, 
which  he  continued  without  interrujition  until 
1860.  Aside  tVom  this,  he  dealt  heavily  in  real 
estate,  and  had  charge  of  large  landed  interests 
of  others,  including  Governor  Washington 
Hunt  and  the  Hicks  estate. 

From  his  first  residence  in  Toledo,  he  has 
been  prominently  identitied  with  the  social, 
intellectual,  humanitarian,  material  and  finan- 
cial interests  of  the  (.'ity.  To  the  community 
in  its  pioneer  age,  he  was  a  tower  of  strength, 
whose  force  was  the  more  potent  amid  the  tur- 
moil and  strife  resulting  from  an  ambitious 
population,  coni])Osed  of  many  antagonistic 
national  elements,  because  of  his  firm,  ipiiet, 
reasoning  characteristics,  which  he  had  in- 
herited from  his  (I'uaker  ancestry  and  educa- 
tion ;  and  which,  however,  were  keenly  awake 
to  the  world  about  him. 

In  1845  and  1846  he  was  Mayor'of  Toledo, 
acceptably  filling  the  responsibilities  of  the  po- 
sition, which  at  that  time  embraced  that  of 
Police  Judge,  and  also  President  of  the  Citj- 
Council.     Mr.  Mott  was  among  the  earlier  and 


498 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


most  active  Diioctor.softlio  Eric  and  Kalamazoo 
Eailroad  Coini)aiiy,  in  which  capacity  he  was 
able  to  do  imicii  toward  helping  that  pioneer 
Jlailway  from  the  uttei'  disaster  with  which  for 
years  it  was  imminentl}' threatened  :  and  in 
malving  it  an  cflcetiial  lover  in  promoting  the 
supremacy  of  Toledo,  as  op)iosed  to  the  busi- 
ness rivalry  of  neighboring  Towns. 

While  iiis  mind  always  inclined  to  intel- 
lectual pursuits;  and  while,  from  taste  and 
habit,  Mr.  Mott  was  averse  to  active  participa- 
tion in  ]iolitical  and  official  life,  his  patriotism 
prompted  him  always  to  take  an  interest  iu 
what  related  to  the  welfare  of  his  native  land. 
Thus,  from  early  manhood,  he  was  in  sympa- 
thy with  some  of  the  more  distinctive  principles 
avowed  by  the  Democratic  party,  especially 
that  of  freedom  of  ti-ade  in  international  rela- 
tions ;  and  he  usually  acted  with  that  organiza- 
tion until  1848,  when  his  strong  Anti-Slavery 
sentiments  led  him  to  the  support  of  Martin 
Van  Biiren,  the  then  "Free  Soil"  candidate 
for  President,  as  against  Lewis  Cass,  the  nomi- 
nee of  the  Democratic  party.  He  was  promi- 
nently engaged  in  getting  up  the  "  Free  Soil  " 
Convention  at  Buffalo  in  that  jear,  and  active 
in  its  workings.  At  this  time  Mr.  Mott  be- 
came strongly  impressed  with  the  pronounced 
dissatisfiiction  which  so  extensively  obtained 
among  thinkers  in  both  the  Whig  and  Demo- 
cratic parties,  and  around  him  rallied  as  nucleus 
those  of  his  fellow  Townsmen  who  were  out- 
growing ultra  Pro-Slavery  ideas,  and  who  be- 
lieved that  commerce  being  the  world's  greatest 
civilizing  force,  should  be  free.  Under  the 
coui'age  of  his  convictions,  his  allegiance  was 
unswervingly  given  from  this  period  until  1854 
to  the  Anti  Slavery  wing  of  the  "Free  Soil  " 
jiarty.  When  what  was  known  as  the  "  Kansas- 
Nebraska  policy  "  of  the  National  Administra- 
tion had  drawn  more  distinctly  the  lines  be- 
tween Pro-Slavery  and  Anti-Slavery,  Mr. Mott 
at  once  arrayed  himself  on  the  side  of  the 
latter,  and  against  his  will  he  was  made  the 
Anti-Nebraska  candidate  for  Congress,  and 
wns  elected  on  that  issue  in  1854,  receiving  the 
support  of  a  portion  of  the  old  Whig  party, 
and  that  of  the  Anti-Slavei-y  Democrats.  Mr. 
Mott  was  re-elected  in  185G,  and  declined  a 
third  term  in  1858.  In  Congress  he  bore  a  use- 
ful and  influential  part,  made  such  in  the  quiet 
exercise  of  his  sound  judgment  and  carolul 
attention  to  the  details  of  business,  rather  than 
in  display  in  debate.  Though  always  pro- 
nounced in  his  Anti-Slavery  views,  and  never 
occupj-ing  evasive  positions  upon  jwlitical,  re- 
formatory or  other  jiromincnt  issues,  which  at 
various  epochs  have  agitated  the  public  mind, 
and  although  ever  inclined  to  be  ultra  radical 
in  his  opinions,  Mr.  Mott  has  been  endowed 
with  the  happy  fiiculty  of  not  antagonizing  his 
opponents,  and  to  his  harmonious  life,  he,"in  a 
large  measure,  owes  his  healthy,  happ_v  old 
age,  with  intellectual  powers  as  fully  preserved 


and  more  highly  developed  at  84,  than  at  life's 
zenith. 

In  1855,  Mr.  Mott's  happy  home-circle  was 
broken  by  the  death  of  the  beloved  wife  of  his 
youth  ;  and  in  1860  his  eldest  daughter,  Mary, 
a  young  lady  of  rare  grace  and  exceptional 
mental  endowments,  pa.s.sed  away  in  the  first 
flush  of  a  most  promising  and  beautiful  woman- 
hood. His  youngest  daughter  and  only  re- 
maining child,  Anna  C,  has  been  spared  to 
cheer  and  brighten  his  home,  after  its  double 
bereavement.  Her  aid  in  creating  one  of  the 
most  genial,  hospitable  and  refined  homes  in 
Toledo,  is  acknowledged  by  all  who  have  felt 
its  kindly  influence,  from  the  guest  blessed 
with  wealth  and  high  position,  to  the  unfortu- 
nate in  need  and  want.  In  1873,  ho  built  the 
capacious  residence  at  the  Southeast  corner  of 
Monroe  and  Nineteenth  Streets,  which  has 
since  been  his  home. 

With  his  constant  engagements  in  business 
and  in  jiublic  affairs,  Mr.  Mott  never  was  for- 
getful of  the  moral,  social,  educational  and  hu- 
manitarian interests  of  his  fellow-citizens,  giv- 
ing much  attention  to  all  these  as  opportunity 
offered.  His  sense  of  justice  led  him  in  early 
youth  to  take  interest  in  the  Woman's  Eights 
reform  movement  in  its  pioneer  daj's,  ho  ask- 
ing no  right  or  privilege  for  himself  and  his 
sex,  from  which  he  would  debar  mother,  wife, 
daughter  or  sister.  Mrs.  Lucretia  Mott,  the 
illustrious  wife  of  his  elder  brother,  over  found 
in  him  a  helpful  and  encouraging  coadjutor. 
While  yet  in  his  boyhood,  a  remark  made  by 
his  mother,  touching  the  right  of  private  judg- 
ment, made  a  deep  and  lasting  impression  upon 
his  mind.  In  the  cour.se  of  a  social  conversa- 
tion with  a  Congregational  Minister,  the  views 
of  St.  Paul  were  quoted  by  him  in  relation  to 
the  subjection  of  women,  when  Mrs.  Mott, 
mildly,  but  firmly,  replied:  "Ah,  but  I  do  not 
agree  with  Paul  on  that  point."  This  put  an 
end  to  the  controver.sy,  for  here  was  a  woman 
who  did  her  own  thinking,  and  to  whom 
Nature  happily  gave  the  mental  force  to  trans- 
mit tiiis  valuable  characteristic  to  her  son. 

In  IStiO,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Cady  Stanton  and 
Miss  Susan  B.  Anthony  were  in  Toledo,  the 
guests  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Israel  Hal),  when  the 
formation  of  an  Association  lor  the  political 
enfranchisement  of  Women  was  discussed.  Mr. 
Mott  at  once  gave  it  his  hearty  supjjort,  and  a 
few  months  after  when  the  Association  needed 
a  permanent  home,  he  tendered  it  a  local  habi- 
tation in  his  Foi't  Industry  Block,  where  for  18 
years  it  has  held  I'cgular  monthly  meetings. 

Judging  from  the  light  of  the  past, Mr.  Mott's 
foresight  caused  him  to  feel  that  to  compass  a 
reform  as  radical  as  the  complete  enfranchise- 
ment of  AVomen,  would  require  many  years  of 
agitation  and  education  of  the  public  mind. 
In  view  of  this,  in  congratulating  Mrs.  Stanton 
upon  her  work,  he  once  said  to  her,  "  By  con- 
stant agitation  half  a  century  hence  will  bring 


"z-<^-«^<_< 


B.iyKS  AND  BAXKIXG. 


499 


about  the  changed  social  toiulitioiis,  which  will 
make  possible  all  you  arc  seckincjto  compass." 
Mrs.  Stanton,  with  the  zeal  of  the  hopeful  re- 
former, rcjilicd,  "  O,  I  hardly  expect  to  live 
more  thaTi  2(\  year.s ;  but  I  do  expect  to  live  to 
witness  Woman's  conii)lcto  political  enfran- 
chisement." Time's  chan<res  have  oblitcralcd 
many  of  the  enslaved  conditions  under  wiiich 
Woman  has  siitl'cred  tlirouirhout  the  ages  ;  and 
while  Woman  suffrage  obtains  partially  in 
man}-  Stales  and  wholly  in  two  Teiritories,  its 
growth  has  oidy  been  such  as  to  warrant  Mr. 
Mott's  prediction. 

During  the  18  years  of  its  existence,  the 
Toledo  Woman  SufiVage  As.sociatioii  has  found 
in  Mr.  Jlott  a  never  failing  friend,  and  a  valu- 
able adviser  in  its  work  before  the  Legislature, 
the  Constitutional  Convention,  and  upon  all 
questions  pertaining  to  its  advancement. 

Mr.  Mott  may  now  generally  be  found  during 
Viusiness  hours  at  his  desk,  in  his  office,  at  the 
Toledo  Savings'  Bank.  In  his  S4th  year,  his 
chirography  is  as  I5rm  and  distinct  as  the  best 
copperplate,  showing  no  indication  of  failing- 
powers  ;  while  his  always  able  mental  charac- 
teristics increase  with  advancing  years  ;  and  in 
person  ho  is  a  living  exemplar  of  a  temperate 
and  well-spent  life,  w^hose  cnjoj-ments  now 
give  him  as  much  delight,  as  at  its  meridian 
period,  and  his  strength  is  most  ecrtainlj-  not 
that  of  labor  and  sorrow. 


Since  the  above  was  written,  Mr.  Mott  passed 
away,  to  the  sorrow  and  regret  of  the  com- 
munity amid  wdiich  his  home  had  been,  and 
with  whose  interests  ho  had  been  identified  for 
half  a  century.  On  Saturday  the  14th  of  Jan- 
uary, 1888,  after  posting  his  books,  as  itsual,  at 
the  Savings  Institution,  ho  remarked  to  his 
friend,  Mr.  J.  J.  Barker  :  "  There,  John,  the 
books  are  posted.  You  will  find  all  correct,  if  I 
should  never  comeback."  On  being  rallied  as 
to  his  low  spirits,  ho  said  he  did  not  feel  well, 
and  possibly  might  never  return.  His  premo- 
nitions of  approaching  dissolution  were  correct, 
and  on  Sunday,  January  22d,  he  died  ])cace- 
fully,  without  a  struggle,  as  he  had  lived. 
Never  were  expressions  of  regret  more  genei'al 
at  the  demise  of  a  citizen  of  Toledo.  Its 
Banking  Institutions,  Orphans'  Home,  Indus- 
trial School,  Home  for  Friendless  Women, 
Woman  SufiVage  Association,  and  Now  Century 
Literary  Club,  all  took  formal  action  in  honor 
of  his  memory  by  passing  resolutions  of 
respect,  and  of  condolence  to  his  daughter. 
Many  societies  attended  his  funeral.  The  New 
Century  Literary  Club,  before  which  he  had 
read  a  paper  of  much  historical  value,  only  a 
few  weeks  before  he  died,  entitled  "Second 
Hand  Eeminiscenccs,"  laid  a  laurel  wi-eath, 
typical  of  his  beautiful  life  and  well  earned 
fame,  upon  his  coffin.  He  was  buried  at  Koch- 
ester,  January  27th,  near  the  remains  of  his 
beloved  wife  and  eldest  dauirhter.  At  the  regular 


mooting  of  the  Toledo  Woman  Suffrage  Asso- 
ciation, in  February,  Mrs.  liosa  1;.  Segur  pro- 
nounced a  eulogy,  and  ilrs.  Mary  J.  Cravens 
read  a  touching  ]ioem  illustralive  of  his  ntatdy 
w-ortli.  Woman  Suffrage  Associations  through- 
out the  United  Stales  honored  his  memory  liy 
tributes  of  resi)ect.  On  l"\'bruary  24th  the 
New  Century  Club  held  a  memorial  meeting  at 
Mv.  and  .Mrs.  A.  K.  Macomber's,  .Mr.  F.  J.  ScotI 
|iresenting  a  biographical  sketch,  Kevei'i'nd 
Chai-les  Cravens,  Mr.  J.  B.  Hattelle,  Miss  Hmily 
S.  Bouton,  eulogies;  Mrs.  II.  L.  Segur,  reminis- 
cences; Mr.  II.  B.  Tillinghast  a  poem  ;  Mrs.  M. 
E.  JFoulton  a  tender  tribute  from  Mrs.  E.  ]{. 
Collins,  of  Anaheim,  Califoi-nia.  Air.  Clark 
Waggoner,  upon  request,  s))oke  briefly  of  the 
virtues  of  the  hoin)rod  dead  and  read  extracts 
from  Southern  |)a])ers  showing  how  the  Slave- 
holders classed  Ivichard  Mott  with  Wm.  Lloyd 
trarrison,  Horace  Greeley,  and  other  leading 
Abolitionists,  by  i)lacing  a  ]irice  ujion  his  life. 
Mv.  D.  B.  Smith  also  made  ap]iropriatc  remarks. 
To  his  only  surviving  daughter,  and  the  City 
with  whose  interests  ho  has  been  so  closely 
identified,  he  leaves  a  i)rieeless  memory — that 
of  a  good  man  who  left  the  world  better  be- 
cause he  had  for  fourscore  and  four  years  been 
one  of  its  sojourners. 

SAMUEL  M.  YOUNG,  Lawyer  and  Capi- 
talist, was  born  in  Lebanon,  New  IIain|)shire, 
December  29,  180(j.  He  was  a  son  of  Samuel 
Young,  a  leading  architect  and  builder,  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Slate  Legislature  and  a  citizen  highly 
esteemed.  The  son's  educational  advantages 
were  such  as  that  section  then  furiushc<l,  incluil- 
ing  Academies.  His  course  of  studies  com- 
pleted, he  turned  his  attiution  to  the  law, 
which  he  read  with  John  M.  Pomeroy,  of  Bui-- 
lington,  Vermont.  This  completed,  he  turned 
his  attention  to  the  matter  of  a  location  for  his 
life  work  ;  and  in  May,  1835,  came  to  Lucas 
County,  settling  at  Maumee,  wdicre  he  opened 
an  office  and  began,  in  a  very  small  way,  the 
practice  of  his  profession.  It  so  happeneil  that 
his  advent  here  was  made  during  tlie  memora- 
ble boundary  controversy,  known  as  the  "To- 
ledo War."  His  location  at  Maumee,  outside 
the  disputed  terrilorv,  relieved  him  of  ]iersonal 
]iartici]iation  in  that  contest;  but  u])on  the  or- 
ganization of  Lucas  County,  the  same  year,  he 
was  ajipointed  as  its  first  Auditor,  which  posi- 
tion he  hehl  for  two  years.  Jn  18:58,  .Morrison 
R.  Waito  (now  the  Chief  Justice  of  the  United 
States),  then  a  young  man  and  a  graduate  of 
Yale  college,  came  to  Maumee  from  Lyme,  Con- 
necticut, for  the  practice  of  the  law;  and  at  once 
entered  the  ollice  of  Mr.  Young,  where  he  jMir- 
sue<l  the  jear's  study  requisite  under  the  laws 
of  Ohio.  This  pre])aration  completed,  he  was 
admitted  to  the  Bar.  The  subse([uentl}-  w-ell- 
known  firm  of  Young  it  Waite  w-as  then  organ- 
ized and  continued  in  practice  there  until  the 
removal  of  the  Count3--seat  from  Maumee  to 


500 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Toledo,  in    1852.     In  1850,  an  office  had  been 
opened  at  Toledo,  in  charge  of  Mr.  Waite,  who 
then  removed  to  that  City.     Mr.  Young  retired 
from  tiie  practice  in  1856.     Meantime,  having 
turned  iiis  attention  to  banking,  in  1855,  with 
otiu'r.s,    he   purchased  the  Bank  of  Toledo,   a 
branch  of  the  State  Bank  of  Ohio,  with  which 
he  was  actively  as  well  as  financially  identified 
until  it  was   i-eorgani/,ed,  under  the   National 
Banking  law  in  1865,  as  the  Toledo  National 
Bank.     Of  this    ho  was  chosen  President,    in 
which   position,  without  interruption,   he    has 
continued  to  thistime  (1887).     Toledo  has  been 
Mr.    Young's   jiiace    of    residence     since    his 
removal   there  in   1860,  he  having  then    pur- 
chased a  fine  residence  on  Madison  Street  be- 
tween Thirteenth    and  Fourteenth.     In    1862, 
he  became   associated  with  Abner  L.  Backus, 
in  the  firm  of  Young  &  Backus,  who  built  the 
large  Elcvatoi's,  on  Water  Street,  near  Adams, 
designed  more  especially  for  Canal  Grain  traffic. 
That  firm,  after  a  continuance  of  18  years,  was 
succeeded  by  that  of  A.  L.  Backus  &Sons.     In 
the  ]iractice  of  the    law,  Mr.  Young  early  at- 
tained a  prominent  ])oaition,  the  firm,  almost 
from  the  first,  having  been  recognized  as  at  the 
head  of  the  Bar  of  Noi-thwestern  Ohio.     This 
attainment  was    largely    due    to   Mr.  Young's 
sound  judgment,  thorough  education  and  pains- 
taking care   in  the  sludj'   and  pre])arat:on  of 
cases.     At  an  early  date,  he  became  interested 
in  the  toll-bridge  crossingthe  Eiver,  connecting 
Maumee  and  Perrj-sburg,  which,  from  rejiea ted ' 
severe  damage  from  floods,  in  time  fell  wholly 
into  his  hands,  costing  in  all  some  $36,000.     In 
1877  it   was   purchased  by  Lucas   and  Wood 
Counties  jointly,  and  made  free.     In  1852-53 
Mr.  Young  became   identified,  as  Stockholder 
and  Dii-ector,  with  the   Cleveland  and  Toledo 
Bailroad,  then  in  progress  of  construction,  and 
continued    such  relation  until  that    Road  was 
merged   into    the    Lake    Shore    and    Michigan 
Soiilhern  Pailroad.     He  was  the  largest  Stock- 
holder and  a  Director  in  the  Columbus  and  To- 
ledo Railroad,  and  continued  in  such  relation 
until  the  Road  was  consolidated  with  the  Co- 
lumbus and  Hocking  Valley  Road,  and  the  or- 
ganization of  the  Columbus,    Hocking  Valley 
and  Toledo  Railroad.     In   1866,  he  bought   a 
large  portion  of  the  stocdt  of  the  Toledo  Gas- 
liight  and  Coke  Company;    was  active  in  its 
reorganization  and  the  extension  of  its  business, 
having  been  its  President  to  this  time.     He  was 
one  of  the  projectors  and  organizers  of  the  To- 
ledo Hotel  Company,  in   1870,  which  in   1S72 
completed    and   still  owns  the    Boody    House, 
Northwest   corner    of  Madison  and    St.   Clair 
Streets.     He    has  served  as   President  of  that 
corporation  since  August,  1870.      The  erection 
of  that  house,  which  was  opened  in  1872,  has 
been  a  matter  of  great  value  to  Toledo.     Mr. 
Young's    political  views  and  affiliations    wci'e 
formed   during  the  Adams  and  Jackson   Ad- 
ministrations, ho  becoming  identified  with  the 


Whig  party,  then  led  by  Clay  and  Webster, 
with  which  organization  ho  continued  to  act 
until  it  was  merged  into  the  Republican  party, 
of  which  he  has  since  been  a  member.  For  the 
past  fifty  years  he  has  uniformly  declined  pub- 
lic )iosition,  having  at  no  time  held  office,  save 
that  of  County  Auditor,  for  services  in  which 
from  September  14,  1835,  to  June  9,  1837  (21 
month.s),  he  was  paid  the  sum  of  $361.63. 
Throughout  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  he  was 
in  sympathy  and  actively  on  the  side  of  loy- 
alty, contributing  his  share  to  the  supjiort  of 
that  cause.  In  religious  views  ami  sympathies 
he  has  long  been  identified  with  the  Protestant 
Episcopal  Church,  and  its  several  ecclesiastical 
and  charitable  institutions;  while  he  has  at  all 
times  sujiported  whatever  cause  he  deemed 
calculated  to  in-omoto  the  moral  well-being  of 
his  fellowmen.  He  is  eminently  a  self-made 
man,  so  far  as  human  destiny  depends  on  self- 
reliance  and  independent  effort.  His  success 
in  life  has  been  due  chiefly  to  these  qualities 
applied  in  methodical  and  persistent  work, 
attended  by  an  economical  course  of  living. 
He  was  married  in  1841  with  MissAngeline  L. 
TJpton,  step-daughter  of  Dr.  Horatio  Conant  of 
Maumee.  They  have  four  children — Horatio 
S.  and  Frank  I.,  constituting  the  firm  of  Young 
Brothers,  Produce  and  Commission  Merchants; 
Mi's.  Helen  E.,  wile  of  Fi-ank  B.  Swa3ne;  and 
Morrison  Waite,  all  of  Toledo. 


VALENTINE  HICKS  KETCHAM  was  born 
in  (jornwall,  Orange  County,  New  York,  No- 
vember 12, 1815.  His  father,  Samuel  Ketcham, 
a  Farmer  and  Miller,  was  married  with  Miss 
Rachel  Sands,  at  Cornwall.  The  son  lived 
with  his  parents  on  the  fiirm  until  12  years  of 
age,  sharing  such  privileges  as  the  Winter  ses- 
sions of  a  District  School  supplied.  In  1827 
the  family  removed  to  New  York  City.  Here 
the  son  remained  for  three  years,  attending 
School  for  a  few  months,  but  mainly  employed 
as  an  ap])rentice  to  the  carpenter's  and  joiner's 
trade.  When  15  j-oars  old,  from  choice,  ho 
returned  to  the  farm  at  Cornwall,  working 
there  for  two  years,  and  until  his  father  I'e- 
turned  from  New  York.  He  then  went  back 
to  the  City  to  finish  his  trade;  but  here  his 
entire  course  of  life  was  suddenly  changed.  A 
merchant  of  his  acquaintance  suggested  to  him 
the  propriet}'  of  his  going  into  a  store  as  a 
clerk,  and  secured  for  hiiu  such  position  with 
J.  F.  Cropsey,  Dr}'  Goods  dealer,  on  Canal 
Street.  Liking  his  new  em]ilo3"ment,  ho  con- 
tinued therein  until  July  17,  1836.  At  this 
time,  he  started  on  a  vacation  trip  to  the  West, 
in  company  with  a  Mr.  Lane.  Landing  from 
steamer  at  Detroit,  they  passed  into  the  interior 
of  Michigan,  where  Mr.  Ketcham  bought  80 
acres  of  land  of  the  Government  in  Oakland 
County.  From  Detroit,  ho  made  a  visit  to 
Toledo, and  returned  to  New  York.    In  August 


£'^  //    <(     ..M 


BANKS  AXD  BANKING. 


501 


following   he   left   that   City   with    a   general 
stock  of  merebaiidisc   and    opened  a  store  in 
Toledo,  at   tlie    head    of  Perry  Street,  on    St. 
Clair,  now  the  .site  of  the  Mcreiiant.s'    Hotel, 
renting  the  premises  of  Coleman  I.  Keeler,  Jr. 
Wm.    II.    Eaymond,  now   of    California,    was 
employed  as  a  cleric.     In  the  Summer  of  18;iT, 
the    store   was    removed    to    Summit   Street, 
adjoining  the  Indiana  House,  and  near  Perry 
Street.     The  next  3-ear  it  went  to  tliecoi-ner  of 
Summit  and  Lagrange  Streets,  taking  a  build- 
ing  then  recently  occupied  by  Dr.  Jacob  Clark 
and  Pbilo  Bennett,  merchants.       In  1841  Mr. 
Ketcliam  removed  his  store  to  32  and  34  Sum- 
mit Street,  where  a  small  wholesale  trade  was 
commenced.     The    Miami    (Janal,    connecting 
Toledo    with  Cincinnati,  o]iening  in  1843,  ex- 
tended his  trade  materially.     In  184(j,  Joseph 
K.  Secor  became   associated  with    liim  in  the 
business,    the   firm    being    Ketcham    &  Secor, 
which  continued  until  1851,  when  Mr.  Ketcham 
withdrew  and  devoted  his  attention  more  fully 
to  Banking,  having  in  1850,  with   John   Poag, 
begun  that   business.     In  1853,  John  Berdan 
and  S.  S.Hubbard  became  associated  with  him, 
the  firm  being  Ketcham,  Berdan  &  Company, 
which  continued  in  business  until  succeeded  b3" 
the  First  National  Bank  of  Toledo,  in  1863,  of 
which  Mr.  Ketcham,  at  the  time  of  his  death, 
had  been  the  only  President,  covering  a  period 
of  24  j-ears,  during  which  time  the  exce])tional 
success  of  that  important  financial  institution 
was  due  largely  to  the  conservative  policy  and 
watchful  care  of  that  gentleman  ;    and  it  now 
stands  as  a  substantial  monument  to  his  mem- 
orJ^     From  an  early  i^eriod  in  his  Toledo  resi- 
dence,   Mr.    Ketcham    was    more    or    less   in- 
terested in  real  estate,  having  made  purchases 
of  the  same  soon  after  coming  here.  These  were 
attended   with   varying  results,  but  generally 
turned  out  profitable.     In  the  earlier  years   of 
his  business,  he  was  subjected  to  the  financial 
reverses  then  .so  common,  not  in  Toledo  only, 
but   throughout   the  West.     Eecovei-ing  from 
these,  his  course  of  success  became  excejjtional, 
until  he  came  to  be  recognized  as  among  the 
most  wealthy  men  of  Northern  Ohio.  For  such 
unusual  success  in  the  acquisition  of  property, 
he  regarded  himself  as  chiefly  indebted  to  the 
timely  experience    due    to  limited  means  and 
necessity  for   self-reliance,  which    marked    his 
early  years,  whereby  he  became  habituated  to 
the  practice  of  economy  and  care  in  the  use  of 
his  income.  While  his  capital  came  to  be  largely 
employed  in  banking  and  other  financial  uses, 
for    many  3ears  previous  to  his  death  he  in- 
vested liberallj-  in  the  improvement  of  real  es- 
tate.   Among  the  buildings  constructed  by  him 
are  the  following:     The  block  of  three  four- 
story  Stores,  28-36  Summit  Street ;  two  Stores, 
63-65  Summit;    two  Stores,  corner  of  Summit 
and  Jefferson  Streets;  in  connection  with  Mars 
Neariug,  the  four-story  block,  189-199  Summit, 
corner     of    Adams ;      the     four-story    block. 


corners  of  Summit,  Oak  and  St.  Clair;  and 
the  like  building,  under  construction  at  the 
time  of  his  death,  at  the  Southwest  corner  of 
St.  Clair  and  Oak  Streets.  Beside  these,  Mr. 
Ivetcham  erected  a  number  of  snuiller  business 
buildings  and  dwellings.  In  1843,  he  cut  the 
bi'ush  and  cleared  the  ground  im  which  now 
stands  the  Produce  Exchange  building,  56-61) 
Madison,  corner  of  St.  Clair  Street,  and  tliercun 
erected  a  brick  (Iwclling.  At  that  time  there 
was  but  one  other  house  within  sight  of  that 
point — that  of  Charles  <i.  Keeler,  on  the  site 
of  the  new  Government  building,  .Southeast 
corner  Madison  and  St.  Clair  Streets.  For  the 
former  lot  Mr.  Ketcham  paid  $1,00(1,  and  sub- 
se(iuently  sold  it  to  John  Poag  for  84,700. 
The  Produce  Kxchange,  for  the  same,  jiaid  the 
sum  of  $55,000.  In  1852  he  ])urcha.se.l  the 
Western  60  feet  of  the  site  of  the  new  tiovern- 
ment  buildiu!^  for  81,200,  and  in  1864,  sold  it 
for  S4,500.  In  1880,  it  was  sold  to  the  United 
States  for  §27,000.  These  facts  are  interesting 
as  showing  something  of  the  advance  in  values 
within  the  business  ])ortion  of  Toledo.  As 
a  result  of  rigid  practice  of  care  in  diet  and 
life  long  habits  of  out-door  activity,  Mr. 
Ketcham  preserved,  in  remarkalile  degree,  the 
vigorous  physical  strength  with  which  he  was 
blessed  in  childhood.  Bound  as  he  was,  during 
the  latter  years  of  his  life  by  the  care  of  vast 
and  complex  business  interests,  his  love  for  agri- 
cultural pursuits  was  habitually  indulged  in 
daily  personal  attention  to  farming  o])erations 
carried  on  by  him.  My  such  indulgence,  no 
doubt  his  life  was  for  years  ])reserved.  The  mile 
of  distance  between  his  residence  and  the  Bank, 
was  rarelj'  passed  save  on  foot.  He  died  at 
his  residence,  corner  of  Cherry  and  Bancroft 
Streets,  July  30,  1887,  after  an  illness  of  two 
weeks.  The  funeral  was  attended  by  his  entire 
family,  together  with  a  large  concourse  of 
friends  and  neighbors,  including  delegations 
from  the  Produce  Exchange,  of  which  he  was 
a  member,  and  the  Bankers  of  the  City.  At 
meetings  of  the  Produce  Exchange  and  Bank- 
ers, resolutions  were  passed  expressing  high 
respect  for  the  memorv  of  the  deceased  and 
condolence  with  the  afHicled  family.  Coming 
to  Toledo  51  years  ago,  and  throughout  that 
long  period  ot  time  actively  and  jiromiuently 
identitied  with  the  business  and  development 
of  the  City,  very  few  of  his  early  Toledo 
neighbors  have  been  permitted  to  witness  the 
advance  in  population  and  material  wealth, 
which  was  his  privilege.  Mr.  Ketcham  was 
married  at  Toledo,  December  30,  1841,  with 
Rachel  Ann,  daughter  of  Pamela  and  John 
Berdan.  They  had  four  children — Mary,  wife 
of  Mars  Nearing,  the  succeeding  Presi<lent  of 
the  First  National  Bank;  John  B.  2d,  now 
President  of  Ketcham  National  Bank;  Valen- 
tine H.  jr..  Director  in  First  National  Bank  ; 
and  George  H.,  Civil  Engineer  and  Director  in 
First  National  Bank,  all  of  Toledo. 


502 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


GEORGE  W.  DAVIS  was  born  near  Bel- 
lows Kails.  Vermont,  August  17,  1821.  His 
parents  wcrcllirani  ami  Eliza  (Wheeler)  Davis, 
the  former  a  native  of  Vermont  and  the  latter 
of  New  llami)sliire.  His  first  educational 
]iriviieices  were  limited  to  the  local  Schools  of 
tlic  neighhorliood.  Subsequently  he  attended 
an  Academy  in  the  State  of  New  York,  where, 
at  the  ago  of  Hi,  he  closed  his  studies.  At  this 
lime  liewent  to  New  York  City,  and  engaued 
as  a  (;ierk  in  a  Dry  Goods  house,  remaininsi; 
there  four  years.  With  such  experience  in 
trade,  he  established  a  store  at  Lockport,  New 
Yoi-k,  in  1S44.  IJemaining  there  in  successful 
trade  for  10  j-ears,  in  1854  he  took  the  contract 
lor  the  construction  of  the  portion  of  what  is 
now  the  Wabash  liailway  between  Toledo  and 
Logansport,  Indiana,  of  which  his  brother  in- 
law, the  late  Warren  Colburn,  was  the  Chief 
Engineer.  This  was  no  small  enterprise, 
es]iecially  for  that  carlj'  day,  being  probably 
the  largest  IJailway  contract  that  had  been  un- 
dertaken in  the  West.  Its  execution  occupied 
six  years,  and  was  made  complete,  to  the  satis- 
faction of  the  Company,  its  efficient  manage- 
ment leaving  the  contractor  with  a  fair  financial 
balance,  while  other  contractors  reached  less 
satisfactory  results.  In  IStU,  Mr.  Davis  estab- 
lished the  Mai-ine  Bank  of  Toledo,  under  State 
authority,  of  which  he  was  the  President.  In 
18G4,  the  National  Banking  sj'stem,  meantime, 
having  been  established,  he  organized  the 
Second  National  Bank  of  Toledo,  of  which  he 
was  chosen  President,  and  with  which,  the  fol- 
lowing year,  the  Marine  Bank  was  merged. 
The  emineutsucce.ssof  thisinstitution  is  largely 
due  to  the  watchful  care  of  Mr.  Davis,  who  for 
24  3-ears  has  been  at  its  head  ;  while  such  rela- 
tion has  given  him  special  prominence  in  finan- 
cial circles,  at  home  and  abroad.  At  the  same 
time,  he  has  been  identified  with  various  com- 
mercial and  other  business  interests.  In  18G1 
he  was  one  of  the  lessees  of  the  Ohio  Canals, 
which  intc]-est  he  retained  for  many  years.  lie 
was  one  of  the  originators  of  the  Toledo  Branch 
of  the  Canada. Southern  (now  of  the  Michigan 
Central)  Railway.  He  also  was  for  several 
years  a  Director  of  the  Wheeling  and  Lake 
Erie  Eaihvay.  In  the  organization  of  the 
Wabash  Elevator  Company  at  Toledo,  with  a 
capital  stock  of  §l,20t»,tl00,  he  took  a  loading 
jiart,  and  has  been  a  Director  of  the  same  from 
the  start.  For  many  j-ears  he  was  interested  in 
insurance,  serving  for  a  Ions;  time  as  President 
of  the  Home  Insurance  Company.  He  was 
among  the  originators  of  the  Tri-State  Fair 
Association  of  Toledo,  and  a  Director  and  the 
Treasurer  of  the  same.  Never  a  seeker  for 
public  office,  Mr.  Davis  has  served  in  different 
important  local  i)ositions.  Among  these  has 
been  that  of  member  and  President  of  the 
Board  of  Sinking  Fund  Commissioners  of  the 
City  of  Toledo,  and  of  the  Board  of  Water 
Works  of  Toledo.     Ho  was  one  of  the  founders 


and  a  Director  of  the  Northwestern  Medical 
College  at  Toledo;  a  Director  of  the  Industrial 
Art  School,  and  of  the  Protestant  Orphans' 
Home  of  Toledo.  In  these,  as  in  other  modes 
0])cn  to  him,  Mr.  Davis  has  been  actively  iden- 
tified with  the  welfiire  of  his  fellow-citizens. 
Under  the  heading,  "Men  You  Know,"  one  of 
the  leading  papers  of  Toledo  had  the  following: 
"  Toledo  has  few  citizens  who  are  better  known 
than  George  W.  Davis,  President  of  the  Second 
National  Bank.  Mr.  Davis  is  close  up  to  six 
feet  in  height;  of  the  withy  style  of  structure  ; 
of  light  hair  and  a  Roman  face.  Ho  is  a  man 
who  at  once  would  be  recognized  as  possessing 
brain-culture,  business  energy  and  integrity. 
There  is  much  of  the  Bostonian  element  in  the 
character  of  Mr.  Davis;  and  to  manj'  he  has 
the  apj)earance  of  one  difficult  to  approach,  not 
possessing  the  manners  of  Western  ])eople,  who 
care  little  or  nothing  for  polish  or  convention- 
ality. Mr.  Davis  is  not  only  well-informed 
upon  questions  of  finance  and  trade,  but  is  an 
extensive  reader  of  the  best  literature  of  the 
times;  is  fluent  and  forcible  as  a  talker  and 
sjjeaker  ;  reaches  conclusions  quickly  and  cor- 
rectly; and  is  regarded  as  one  of  our  most 
capable  business  men,  as  evidenced  by  the  fact 
that  he  has  held  the  Presidency  of  one  of  our 
leading  Banks  for  many  years.  He  is  public- 
spirited — always  willing  to  help  anydeserving 
enterprise,  and  is  not  alraitl  to  trust  his  judg- 
ment in  making  investments.  He  likes  a  good 
horse,  and  usually  drives  two  of  them.  By 
superior  foresight,  Mr.  Davis  has  investments 
in  some  of  the  most  profitable  enterprises  in 
our  City,  and  seldom  makes  a  mistake  in  his 
estimate  of  the  outcome  of  any  business  enter- 
prise. AVhatever  he  undertakes  is  '  pushed  for 
all  there  is  in  it.'  He  takes  no  little  interest  in 
local  affairs,  and  in  political  movements  gen- 
erally ailhering  to  his  party  (the  Democratic) 
in  State  and  National  contests,  but  supporting 
the  best  men  for  local  offices,  regardless  of  party 
affiliations.  He  is  a  good  tj-pe  of  the  best  New 
England  business  men,  and  those  who  know 
him  best,  esteem  hita  most."  In  1872,  with  his 
wile,  Mr.  Davis  visited  Great  Britain  and  the 
Continent;  Mrs.  Davis  making  two  like  trips 
since  that  time.  From  early  life,  Mr.  Davis 
has  been  an  attendant  at  the  Protestant  Epis- 
co])al  Church,  and  has  served  as  Vestryman  in 
Trinity  Church,  Toledo,  for  over  25  years.  In 
April,  1851,  Mr.  Davis  was  married  at  Syracuse, 
New  York,  with  Jliss  Eunice  II.  I'armelee. 
Their  homein  Toledo  has  ever  been  one  marked 
by  social  hosjjitality  and  refinement. 

WILSON  W.  GRIFFITH  was  born  near  the 
Falls  of  Sugar  Creek,  Tuscarawas  County, 
Ohio,  February  14,  1823.  He  was  a  son  of 
Walter  trriffith.  His  mother's  maiden  name 
was  Elizabeth  Jennings,  and  the  parents  were 
married  at  Georgetown,  District  of  Columbia. 
They  came  to  Ohio  about  1803,  settling  on  a 


a<^% 


l 


BANKS  AND  BANKING. 


503 


farm  near  the  Falls  of  Sugar  Creek.  Being 
among  tlie  earliest  settlors  of  the  Countj-,  they 
■\vere  sul)jecteil  to  the  experiences  common  to 
the  pioneers  of  that  date,  which  included  se- 
vere toil,  privation  of  comforts  of  life,  siclcnoss 
and  want  of  social  and  educational  pi'ivileges. 
They  were  locateil  about  25  miles  Kortii  of 
(inadenhutton,  the  scene  of  the  massacre  of 
Moravian  Indians,  20  years  previous  to  tlie 
arrival  of  Mr.  Griffitli  and  lamilj-.  Tlio  father 
died  in  1827.  When  14  years  of  age,  Wilson 
left  the  farm  and  went  to  Lebanon,  Wayne 
County.  Ilero  he  remained  for  a  few  j-ears, 
and  then  cnijaged  as  Clerk  in  a  Store  at  Mas- 
sillon.  In  1840,  when  17  j'cars  of  age,  he  went 
to  Oberliu,  with  the  view  of  taking  a  full  Col- 
lege course,  but  after  spending  about  two  years 
in  preparator3'  stutlies  his  health  so  far  failed, 
that  he  was  compelled  to  relinquish  his  pur- 
pose, much  to  his  disa))pointinent.  In  1841-!,  he 
went  to  Bethlehem,  Stark  Count}',  where  he 
acted  as  Clerk  in  a  Store  and  taught  School. 
In  the  same  Town  Joseph  Medill,  now  Editor 
of  the  Chicago  Tribune,  also  taught  a  School. 
Mr.  Griffith  commenced  his  business  life  in 
1845,  by  opening  a  Store  at  Sugar  Creek.  In 
1849  he  removed  his  stock  to  Middleburj-, 
Indiana,  and  also  engaged  in  milling  there. 
Keraaining  until  1854,  he  then  came  to  Toledo, 
and  engaged  in  the  Grain,  Warehouse  and 
Commission  business  with  Wm.  G.  Powers, 
occupying  the  ''  Old  IJed  Warehouse,"  foot  of 
Monroe  Sti-eet,  which  property  Mr.  Griffith 
soon  jiurchased  and  yet  owns.  In  1858,  with 
Kobert  Cummings,  Mr.  Griffith  engaged  in  the 
Wholesale  Boot  and  Shoe  trade.  This 
arrangement  continued  until  March,  18U2, 
when  the  firm  of  R.  &,  J.  Cummings  took  the 
business,  and  Mr.  Griffith  returned  to  the  Com- 
mission and  Grain  trade,  at  the  former  stand. 
His  health  again  becoming  impaired,  in  1866 
he  commenced  a  series  of  journeys,  including 
visits  to  Europe,  Asia,  and  Africa,  and  to  manj- 
portions  of  the  United  States,  inchuling  the 
Pacific  Coast.  In  the  course  of  his  home  trav- 
els he  has  visited  all  the  States  of  the  Union, 
and  every  one  of  the  Territories,  save  Dakota, 
iMontatia  and  Alaska.  Many  letters  written 
by  him  to  his  family,  while  abroad,  were  pub- 
lished by  the  Toledo  press,  and  for  their  intel- 
ligent, discriminating  style  of  description,  were 
much  valued  hy  readers.  Like  communica- 
tions were  furnished  from  the  Pacific  Coast 
and  elsewhere.  In  18G9,  Mr.  Griffith  was 
elected  as  rJepresentative  to  the  Ohio  Legisla- 
ture, in  which  capacity  he  occupied  an  un- 
usually prominent  and  useful  position.  Among 
other  things,  he  presented  and  ably  supported 
in  debate,  a  series  of  resolutions  protesting 
against  the  bad  faith  of  the  State  of  Indiana, in 
not  maintaining  according  to  the  obligations 
assumed  by  her,  her  section  of  the  Wabash  and 
Erie  Canal.  In  1871,  with  Henry  B.  Probasco, 
of  Cincinnati,  he  was  appointed  by  President 


Grant  a  Centennial  Commissioner  for  Ohio, 
holding  such  jtosition  until  tlic  close  of  the  Ex- 
position of  187(i,  at  PhilaiUlphia.  Throughout 
the  liebellion,  with  the  I'arnest  co-o]ieralion  o( 
Mrs.  Griffith,  he  was  active  and  effective  in 
contributing  to  the  needs  of  the  Sohliei's  of  the 
Union;  and  although  from  physical  incapacity, 
exemjit  from  niilitaiy  service,  he  sent  two  sul)- 
stitutesto  the  field,  "in  1S71,  Mr.  Griffith  was 
chiefly  active  in  the  establishment  of  the 
Merchants  National  Bank  of  Toledo,  of  which 
he  was  the  President  until  1882.  lie  was 
prominent  in  the  establishment  at  Toledo  of 
the  Milburn  Wagon  Works,  one  of  the  largest 
manufacturing  concerns  of  the  kinil  in  the 
world,  which  has  conti-ibuted  largely  to  the 
pros])erity  and  ])opulalion  of  the  City.  In 
])olitics  Mr.  Griffith  was  originally  an  Anli- 
Slaveiy  Whig,  and  since  the  organization  «l' 
the  Republican  pai-ty  has  acted  with  that  as 
being  nearest  to  his  earliest  and  most  settled 
political  convictions.  In  1844  he  was  married 
with  Miss  Margaret  Miller  of  Cu^aho^a  Kails, 
Ohio.  The}'  have  two  children — Ethelbert  S., 
of  Toledo,  and  Mrs.  Alice  I).  Kycroft,  of  New 
York. 

OLIVER  S.  BOND  was  b<irn  June  29,  1831, 
on  his  father's  farm,  near  Hichmond,  Indiana. 
He  is  the  eldest  son  of  William  Commons  and 
Hannah  liOcke  Bond.  His  jiarenis  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Societ}'  of  Friends,  his  grandfather 
Jesse  Bond  having  been  a  I'reaclie)'  ihciein 
for  over  sixtj-  yeai's,  dying  at  the  agi'  of  84: 
while  his  grandfather  William  Locke  sat 
at  the  head  of  the  Meeting,  at  Economj-,  10 
miles  distant,  for  about  the  same  ])eri(>d,  and 
died  at  about  same  age.  Oliver  was  Clerk 
of  the  Meeting  when  but  III  years  of  age,  the 
Meeting-House  being  on  his  father's  farm. 
His  parents  were  married  September  23,  1880, 
and  now  in  the  58th  year  of  their  wedded  life, 
and  in  the  enjo3'ment  of  fair  health  and  vigor, 
are  living  by  themselves,  enjoying  all  of  life's 
comforts  in  the  old  homestead  built  on  the 
ground  where  Oliver  was  born.  Of  six  chil- 
dren born  to  them,  there  has  been  no  death. 
An  uncle,  Nathan  Bond,  in  Jul}',  1887,  cele- 
brated his  67th  Tiiarriage  anniversary,  having 
been  married  in  1820.  An  aunt,  Ruth  Nichol- 
son, celebrated  her  golden  wedding  two  j'ears 
ago  ;  and  an  uncle,  John  A.  Locke,  his  mother's 
brother,  celebrated  his  last  j'car  ;  tliey  all  living 
on  neighboring  farms.  The  Bond  family  have 
occupied  the  old  homestead  for  nearl}'  100  years. 
The  Bonds  and  Commons  came  fi-oni  England 
and  Scotland, and  settled  in  Virginia,  near  Har- 
per's Ferry  ;  the  Lockcs  and  Mills,  on  his 
mother's  side,  also  f'l-om  England,  at  a  ver\'  early 
date,  settled  in  Maryland,  near  Baltimore. 
Jesse  Bond  moved  West  about  1800,  being  the 
first  white  famil}'  to  cro.ss  the  Whit<>  Water 
IJiver,  at  Richmond,  for  .settlement.  Oliver's 
childhood,  and  his  youth  until  10  years  of  age, 


504 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


were  spent  on  the  flirm.  He  attended  District 
Schools  dui'ine;  a.  portion  of  tlie  VV^inter  seasons, 
which,  with  two  terms  ut  White  Water  College, 
ci.n.stitutcil  his  School  privileges.  His  mind 
was  much  absorbed  in  his  educational  pursuits 
—so  much  so,  that  he  sometimes  took  his  lesson- 
book  to  the  field,  that,  by  studying whileothers 
rested,  he  mi<;ht  the  more  fully  keep  up  with 
his  studies.  At  the  age  stated  (in  1850)  he  left 
home  and  went  to  Peru,  Indiana,  where  he 
found  employment  as  Clerk  in  the  store  of 
Smith  &  Crowell,  who  then  had  the  trade  of  the 
Miami  tribe  of  Indians,  then  somewhat  numer- 
ous in  that  vicinity.  With  these  he  held 
si)ecially  friendly  relations,  and  many  incidents 
might  be  given  of  his  experience  and  observa- 
tion in  connection  with  them.  In  1854  he  went 
to  New  York  City,  spending  two  years  with  a 
Wholesale  Dry  Goods  and  Notions  Store,  trav- 
eling throughout  the  West,  making  collections 
and  soliciti"ng  trade.  Coming  to  Toledo  in 
1856,  he  found  employment  with  the  firm  of 
Bell,  Deveau  &  Co.,  as  Salesman  and  Collector. 
He  remained  with  that  house  and  its  succes- 
sors for  two  3-ears,  and  on  July  15,  1858, 
with  Wm.  B.  Messinger(firm  Messinger  &  Bond) 
opened  the  first  exclusively  Wholesale  Boot  and 
Shoe  establishment  in  Toledo.  Continuing  in 
the  trade  for  12  j- ears,  he  retired,  being  suc- 
ceeded hj  what  is  now  the  house  of  Dewey, 
Rodgers  &  Co.  He  then  had  been  for  several 
years  a  Director  in  the  Northern  National 
Bank,  and  to  provide  for  the  temporary 
absence  of  President  Shoemaker  in  California, 
in  1871,  he  was  elected  Vice  President,  and 
became  Acting  l^resident  of  the  Bank.  While 
connected  with  that  Bank,  he  conceived  the  plan 
of  establishing  in  Toledo  a  Savings  Bank  for  the 
exclusive  use  of  savings ;  and  the  more  fully  to 
mature  the  same,  he  spent  many  months  in 
critical  investigation  of  the  principles  and 
methods  of  sucli  institutions  in  New  England. 
AVhile  East,  his  arrangements  for  such  enter- 
prise were  so  far  advanced  that  most  of  the 
requisite  capital  stock  was  taken  there,  by 
his  personal  friends  and  relatives.  He- 
turning  to  Toledo,  the  organization  of  the  Mer- 
chants' and  Clerks'  Savings  Institution  was 
completed  Februaiy  10,  1871,  with  jMatthew 
Shoemaker  as  President,  and  Mr.  Bond 
as  Secretary  and  Treasurer.  The  latter  held 
that  position  for  over  17  j'cars,  during  which 
period  the  institution  enjoyed  uninterruj^ted 
pros])erity  under  his  management,  meeting  in 
full  the  expectations  of  its  stockholders  and 
possessing  the  entire  confidence  of  depositors 
and  the  public.  At  the  last  annual  election, 
held  January  3,  1888,  Mr.  Bond  was  chosen 
President,  and  E.  Louis  Schomburg  Treasurer. 
Naturally  of  a  conservative  turn  of  mind,  that 
quality  has  been  specially  controlling  in  Mr. 
Bond's  business  Hie,  whereby  he  has  been  able 
largely  to  guard  his  own  interests  and  those  of 
others  committed  to  his  charge,  from  the  perils 


of  rash  and  inconsiderate  ventures  under 
alluring  conditions.  During  his  business  life 
he  has  taken  vacations  from  time  to  time  for 
the  purpose  of  recreation,  visiting  the  South 
three  times,  and  making  trips  to  California, 
the  North  and  the  East,  beside  a  visit  to  Great 
Bi-itain  and  France.  He  owns  a  farm  near 
Toledo,  where  he  iinds  much  pleasure  and  rec- 
reation. Since  first  leaving  home,  it  has  been 
his  invariable  practice,  to  make  annual  visits 
to  his  parents,  which  occasions  have  been 
marked  by  special  interest  and  mutual  profit, 
and  attended  by  large  numbers  of  family  con- 
nections and  other  Iriends.  Mr.  Bond  has  been 
liabituall}'  an  extensive  reader  of  current  litera- 
ture, of  which  he  has  always  had  large  supply. 
For  25  years  he  has  lived  in  the  house  on  Supe- 
rior Street,  bought  and  furnished.by  him  before 
his  marriage,  and  has  occupied  the  same  busi- 
ness building,  78  Summit  Street  (owned  by  him), 
for  30  years.  He  has  been  identified  in  different 
wajs  with  the  welfare  of  his  fellow-citizens. 
He  is  a  life-member  of  several  charitable  and 
benevolent  institutions  ;  is  Vice  President  of 
the  Toledo  Humane  Society  ;  and  for  many 
years  was  a  Trustee  of  the  Toledo  Library  As- 
sociation, before  it  was  merged  into  the  Public 
Library.  His  interest  in  religious  work  has 
been  shown  in  habitual  attendance  on  public 
services  and  in  contributions  for  support  of 
religious  work. 

Mr.  Bond  was  married  in  New  York  City, 
December  23,  1863,  with  Miss  Clara  A.  Ray- 
mond, only  daughter  of  Hon.  John  Raymond. 
They  have  had  six  children,  of  whom  four  are 
now  living.  Henry,  the  eldest  son,  while  com- 
pleting his  education  in  England,  was  married 
with  Miss  Carrie  Dalton,  an  Artist  of  note,  the}' 
now  residing  at  Los  Angeles,  California.  The 
two  daughters,  Eva  and  Mabel,  and  the  j'ounger 
son,  Walter,  are  with  their  parents  in  Toledo. 
The  living  children  are  all  members  of  Trinity 
Church,  as  also  is  Mrs.  Bond,  who  has  been 
actively  and  usefully  identified  with  the  work 
of  Trinitj'  Church,  as  with  benevolent  enter- 
prises of  different  kinds,  contributing  liberally 
in  labors  and  means,  as  opportunity'  ott'ered,  to 
the  comfort  and  relief  of  others. 

REED  VINCENT  BOICE  was  born  March 
21,181)2,  at  Pipe  Creek,  Tioga  County,  New 
York.  He  is  a  son  of  John  P.  and  Roxy 
(Williams)  Boice,  the  hitter's  home  previous  to 
marriage  having  been  at  Albion,  New  York. 
The  family  removed  to  Oak  Orchard  Creek, 
Orleans  County,  where  the  mother  died  in  1837. 
The  following  year  the  son  came  to  Ohio  with 
an  uncle,  who  settled  on  a  tarm  near  A'enice, 
now  in  Erie  County.  There  and  in  the  vicinity 
Reed  remained  for  eight  years,  living  about,  as 
fortune  favored,  until  he  was  nine  years  of  age, 
when  he  began  his  life  of  self-support  in  the 
family  of  a  neighbor,  with  whom  he  remained 
until  he  came  to  his  father  at  Toledo,  in  March, 


Sniffy  jxnuiyijtT: 


/^  r2/  /^^^-^^^ 


BANKS  AND  BANKING. 


rmn 


1846,  making  the  trip  of  about  45  miles  on  foot. 
His  fother  was  a  contractor  and  a  mason  bv 
trade  (the  latter  then  includini;  stone  and 
briclv-worlc  and  plasterino-),  and  had  been  in 
Toledo  several  3-ears.  He  built  .several  of  the 
first  brick  buildings  here,  inclutling  the  dwel- 
\m\xs  now  occupied  b}'  Rev.  Wm.  W.  Williams 
(424  Superior  Street),  and  General  C.  B.  Phil- 
lips (495  Summit  Street),  and  what  came  to  be 
known  astlie  Collins  House,  Northwest  corner 
of  Jefferson  and  St.  Clair  Sti'eets,  now  the  site  of 
the  Hall  Block.  The  sou  at  once  began  work 
with  his  father,  and  continued  the  same  until 
his  majorit}-.  He  then  commenced  business  on 
his  own  account,  as  Builder  and  Contractor. 
In  1854  he  opened  a  Grocery  and  Provision 
Store  in  East  Toledo,  then  a  separate  Town 
and  known  as  Utah,  meantime  pursuing  the 
business  of  building.  In  1860  he  sold  his 
store  to  James  Raymer.  In  December,  ISGl, 
the  Rebellion  having  broken  out,  he  volun- 
teered for  .service  in  the  Union  Army,  and  was 
mustered  in  as  Hospital  Steward  of  the  Third 
Ohio  Cavalry.  Serving  as  such  until  Novem- 
ber 30,  1864,  he  was  then  promoted  as  First 
Lieutenant,  and  detailed,  first  as  Regimental, 
and  subsequentl}-  as  Brigade  Commi.ssary.  In 
such  capacities  he  served,  to  the  full  acceptance 
of  commanding  officers,  until  mustered  out, 
August  14,  1865,  at  the  close  of  the  war,  mean- 
time having  been  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
Ca2>tain.  Throughout  nearly  four  years  of 
service  he  was  active,  earnest  and  efficient  in 
the  important  department  to  which  he  was 
assigned,  his  methods  in  some  respects  differ- 
ing from  others  known  to  the  service.  He 
never  dealt  in  Soldiers'  rations;  but  in  cases  of 
accumulation  from  non-use,  his  practice  was  to 
divide  the  surplus  among  the  Soldiers  to  whom, 
by  right,  they  belonged.  At  the  close  of  the 
War  Captain  Boice  found  that  the  support  of 


his  family  and  jiecuniary  liability  for  others 
had  pretty  much  exhausted  his  financial  moans, 
when  ho  returned  to  his  trade  as  a  mason,  and 
was  soon  measurably  successful.  In  1880  he 
became  interested  financially  in  manufactui-ing 
enterprises  which  proved  to  be  unfoi-tunate  in 
results,  causing  material  loss  to  investors.  It 
is  quite  safe  to  state,  that  Mr.  Boice  lias  been 
identified,  as  full  or  partial  builder,  with  more 
substantial  brick  buildings  and  other  struc- 
tures in  Toledo  than  has  any  other  man. 
Among  these  are  the  Boody  House,  the  Hall 
Block,  First  Congregational  Church  edifice, 
the  Drummond  Block,  the  Burnett  House, 
Eaton's  Store  (165-171  Summit  Street),  Mer- 
chants National  Bank,  Store  132-134  Summit 
Street,  Trinity  Church  edifice  (corner  Adams 
and  St.  Clair  Streets),  the  Water  Works  Stand 
Pipe,  St.  Joseph's  Church  edifice,  residences  of 
P.  F.  Berdan,  A.  B.  Waite,  Wager  Swayne, 
and  others;  the  Blade  Printing  and  Paper 
Company  building;  the  First,  Fifth,  Seventh 
and  Eighth  Wards  School  buildings,  and  the 
Fifth,  Seventh,  and  Eighth  Wards  FireEngiue 
houses — each  of  which  structures  bear  sub- 
stantial testimony  to  both  his  skill  and  his 
fidelity.  In  January,  1883,  the  Directors  of 
the  Merchants  National  Bank  elected  him  as 
President  of  that  institution,  which  jjosition 
he  has  since  held,  to  the  special  acceptance  of 
the  .stockholders  and  customers.  His  standing 
among  his  fellow-citizens  and  where  an  active 
life  of  over  40  years  has  been  passed,  is  that 
of  an  industrious,  enterprising  and  honorable 
man,  with  an  active  interest  in  whatever  con- 
cerns the  well-being  of  others.  Mr.  Boice  was 
married  October  31,  1852,  with  Miss  Lois  A. 
Smith,  in  Groton,  Erie  County.  They  have 
four  children — Frederick,  John  R., Warren,  and 
Emma  L.,  wife  of  Dr.  Harry  W.  Hartvvell — 
all  residents  of  Toledo. 


CHAPTER    XIX. 


REAL    ESTATE    SALES    AND    IMPROVEMENTS. 


IT  would  be  impractable,  in  the  limited  space 
allowed  by  this  volume,  to  follow  wilb  any- 
tliing  like  full  notes  the  advance  of  Toledo  in 
growth,  development  and  improvement.  Hence, 
the  best  to  be  done  in  that  direction  will  be  to 
make  such  way  marks  of  these  as  shall  indicate 
the  progress  made  at  different  periods. 

In  an  article  on  "  Toledo,"  the  Blade  of  Feb- 
ruary 0,  18-lG,  had  the  following  items: 

There  were  then  occupied  12  warehouses,  2  and  3 
stories  high,  with  two  more  being  built— .some  of 
those  in  use  paying  as  high  as  .fl.'iOO  rent.  For 
nearly  a  mile  Water  Street  formed  a  quay  along  the 
harbor,  wliere  wareliouses  could  be  built  with  no 
expense  but  driving  piles  for  foundation.s  and  the 
buildings  thereon.  Summit  Street  was  graded  for 
nearly  a  mile  ready  for  paving.  Back  of  that  was 
St.  Clair  Street,  then  being  graded  for  residences. 
Plank  Walks  had  then  been  built  on  that  Street. 
Five  commodious  t'hurch  edifices  had  been  built  for 
the  Congregational,  Episcopal,  Catholic,  Methodist 
and  German  Reformed  Societies.  There  were 
Schools  in  the  three  Districts,  a  Female  Institute 
under  Catholic  Nuns,  a  Female  Select  School  taught 
by  a  Protestant  lady  (Miss  Jenks),  and  a  Select 
School  for  both  sexes  under  an  experienced  teacher. 

The  year  1846  was  an  important  period  in 
the  histoiy  of  Toledo.  Three  years  after  the 
opening  of'  the  Wabash  Canal,  one  year  after 
that  of  the  Miami  Canal,  the  stimulating  effects 
of  those  improvements  had  then  fairly  begun 
to  be  felt.  These,  however,  would  have  been 
more  material  in  their  influence,  but  for  the 
fact  that  their  advantages  had  been  for  ten 
years  liberally  discounted  in  speculation.  In 
fact,  during  the  most  of  that  period,  there  had 
been  little  beyond  the  prospective  Canals  to 
save  the  Town  from  the  fate  which  so  many  of 
its  rivals  finally  reached.  On  that  dependence 
largely  rested  the  hopes  of  the  residents,  who 
so  long  held  on  hoping — sometimes  almost 
against  hope — that,  the  Canals  once  completed, 
Toledo  would  enter  on  a  new  and  more 
vigorous  state.  Such  expectation  was  largely 
justified  in  the  result,  though  in  no  degree  to 
.  meet  the  wishes  or  the  needs  of  many.  The 
trade  from  the  Canals,  not  large  at  first,  in- 
creased in  volume  and  local  benefits,  and  soon 
gave  assurance  of  permanent  prosperity. 

Among  the  evidences  of  increased  and  in- 
creasing growth  was  the  advance  then  made 
by  the  publishers  of  the  Blade  (Scott  &  Fair- 
banks), in  adding  to  their  Weekly  edition  the 
Tri-Weekly  Blade — the  first  newspaper  in  Ohio 
outside  Cincinnati,  Cleveland  and  Columbus, 
issued  oftener  than  once  a  week.    It  was  dated 


Mayl6, 184C,  and  contained  an  editoriTil  ailicle 
setting  forth  facts  in  regard  to  Toledo's  condi- 
tion and  prospects  from  which  tlie  following  is 
taken  ; 

At  this  point,  nearly  all  the  exchange  commerce 
between  Lake  lOrie  and  the  two  Canals— known  as 
the  Wabash  and  Erie  and  the  Miami  and  Erie— is 
transacted.  These  Canals  stretch  through  nearly 
500  miles  of  the  finest  section  of  this  great  Valley, 
and  bring  us  into  intimate  conmiercial  connection 
with  many  large  Towns  and  an  extensive  country. 
Some  of  this — as  the  Miami  country — is  well  im- 
proved ;  but  most  of  it  is  in  a  stale  of  rapiil  progres- 
sion from  a  wilderness  to  general  cultivation.  On 
the  Southeast  side  of  the  Mauniee  the  land 
is  heavily  timbered  and  exceedingly  rich.  On 
the  Northwest  is  a  pleasing  variety  of  openings, 
prairies  and  timber  lands,  possessing  every  variety  of 
soil.  These  lands  that  are  not  in  the  hanlls  of  culti- 
vators are  on  sale  at  prices  varying  fi'om  ifl  .00  to  ijiri.OO 
per  acre.  Farms  partially  improvcMl  :iic  purchasable 
at  a  low  rate,  compared  with  their  intrin.sic  value. 

The  site  of  Toledo,  immediately  on  the  harbor,  is 
fine,  having  a  convenient  elevation  of  from  8  to  30 
feet  above  higli  water.  The  plat  is  coiisiderably 
uneven,  so  that  when  properly  graded  it  will  have 
an  agreeable  undulation,  allowing  a  rapid  movement 
of  surplus  water  along  the  Streets.  The  Harbor  is 
more  than  half  a  mile  wide  and  several  miles  long, 
atlbrding  a  depth  of  from  12  to  30  feet. 

Our  population  is  small  compared  to  our  busi- 
ness, ancl  our  unrivaled  means  to  support  a  future 
growth.  On  the  1st  of  January  it  was  but  a  fraction 
over  2,100. 

The  facilities  provided  for  the  transaction  of  com- 
mercial and  manufacturing  business  are  considerable. 
There  are  14  Warehou.ses,  .some  of  them  very  large  ; 
3  Flouring  Mills,  of  4  runs  each,  in  and  around  the 
City;  2  Banks,  with  capital  of  |100,000  each;  public 
liouses  and  storehouses  in  abundance ;  a  line  of 
superb  Packets  on  the  Miami  and  Erie  Canal,  one  of 
which  leaves  Toledo  and  Cincinnati  every  day  and 
goes  through  in  60  hours  ;  a  tri-weekly  line  of  good 
Packets  on  the  Wabash  and  Erie  Canal  ;  a  daily  line 
of  Steamboats,  connecting  us  with  Buffalo  ;  and  a 
good  supply  of  Canal  Boats  on  both  Canals  for  the 
transportation  of  freights.  Also,  a  daily  line  of 
Steamers  connecting  us  with  Detroit.  We  have  fine 
Churches  and  a  good  supply  of  Schools  of  every 
grade. 

Measures  are  now  in  progress  to  remove  all  local 
causes  of  disease,  so  that  the  liability  of  our  place  to 
severe  bilious  disorders,  so  much  exaggerated  by 
common  fame,  aided  by  envious  rivals,  will  be  num- 
bered with  things  of  the  past.  Our  I'apid  progress 
towards  the  accomplishment  of  our  early  expecta- 
tions of  Toledo  becoming  a  great  commercial  City, 
we  believe  cannot  be  much  longer  delayed.  A  few 
years  will  suffice  to  give  confidence  in  its  saluljrity 
and  to  demonstrate  its  extraordinary  advantages  for 
business. 

At  that  time  the  principal  Canal  traffic  with 
Cincinnati  was  by  the  Doyle  &  Dickey  Line  of 


[505] 


5(U', 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Packots,  which  advertised  to  make  daily  trips, 
"Throuijh  in  (iO  Hours!"  "  Travelers  going 
South,  or  tliosiC  from  the  South  wishing  to 
visit  Niagara  Falls,  on  their  way  to  Now  York, 
Boston  or  an}-  of  the  Eastern  Cities,"  were 
assured  that  they  would  find  this  route  cheaper 
and  quicker  than  any  other  route  traveled 
hetwoen  the  Lakes  and  Cincinnati."  The  fol- 
lowing Packets  composed  the  line;  The  Em- 
pire, Cajitain  E.  M.  Shafer;  the  Fashion,  Cap- 
tain M.  Van  Horn;  the  Banner,  Captain  James 
Savil ;  the  Erie,  Captain  Joseph  Gilmore;  the 
Clarion,  Captain  J.  R.  Smith,  and  the  Laurel, 
Ca])tain  Joseph  Cathcart.  These  were  "  pro- 
vided with  ventilators  in  their  decks,"  while 
"  the  Ladies'  Saloons  were  furnished  with 
sofas  equal  and  not  excelled  by  any  Packets 
in  the  United  States." 

Tolelo  made  substantial  advance  in  the  year 
1847,  wlien  its  population  increased,  as  esti- 
mated, from  2,300  to  3,000.  There  had  been 
erected  78  buildings,  including  many  for  busi- 
ness purposes.  At  that  time,  among  the  several 
branches  of  trade  and  professions,  there  were 
11  Retail  Dry  Goods  Stores,  2  Jobbing  Houses, 
22  dealers  in  groceries,  provisions,  &c.,  3  Drug 
Stores,  9  Forwarding  and  Commission  Houses, 
7  Physicians,  17  Lawyers,  3  Breweries,  5  Shi})- 
yards,  1  Printing  Office,  2  Saloons,  2  Banks,  13 
Insurance  OflSces,  2  Liquor  Stores,  9  Hotels,  4 
District  School  Houses,  1  Female  Seminar}',  5 
Churches,  1  Nunnery,  1  Odd  Fellows  and  1 
Masonic  Lodge,  1  Division  Sons  of  Temper- 
ance and  about  200  Joiners  and  Carpenters. 

The  large  Grain  Warehouse  and  Steam  Grain 
Elevators  of  Brownlee,  Pendleton  &Co.  (South- 
east corner  Water  and  Madison  streets)  were 
erected,  being  the  first  improvement  of  the 
kind  at  the  West  end  of  Lake  Erie.  That 
firm  paid  the  old  United  States  Bank  $22,000 
for  80  feet  on  the  Eiver  and  Water  Street, 
and  expended  $18,000  on  the  building.  It  held 
200,000  bushels  of  grain,  with  space  in  base- 
ment for  4,500  barrels.  The  work  was  done 
under  superintendence  of  Horace  Saxton, 
formerly  of  Norwalk,  Ohio.  The  property  was 
sold  to  King  Bros.  (C.  A.  &  F.  J.  King)  in  1854. 
In  1869  C.  A.  King  erected  the  present  eleva- 
tors on  the  same  site.  The  coi-responding  80 
feet  on  Summit  and  Madison  was  purchased  of 
the  same  Bank  by  John  Poag,  who  in  1847 
built  the  block  now  standing  thereon.  He  paid 
$1,800  for  the  site,  or  $22.50  per  foot  front.  It 
is  now  worth  $1,000  per  foot. 

An  article  in  the  Toledo  Republican  of  No- 
vember 24,  1849,  headed,  "What  Toledo 
Wants,"  indicates  both  the  situation  and  the 
expectations  of  that  time  as  to  the  future  of 
the  City.     The  "  wants  "  stated,  were  : 

1.  The  system  of  Plank  Roads,  then  betjun,  fuliv 
carried  out.  2.  The  Wabash  Canal  opened  to  Evans- 
viUe.  3.  The  Raih-oad  opened  through  to  Chicago. 
4.  A  first-class  line  of  Steamers  to  BuflFalo.    5.  The 


completion  of  the  system  of    Sewerage    then   com- 
menced. 

The  present  condition  and  resources  of  To- 
ledo were  thus  stated  : 

1.  Canal  completed  within  18  months,  710  miles. 
2.  Railroad  to  Chicago  to  be  completed  within  18 
months,  250  miles.  Plank  Roads  in  process  of  con- 
struction, including  connection  with  the  Western 
Reserve  and  Maumee  Uoad,  all  to  lie  completed  in  IS 
months,  250  miles.  4.  The  thoroughfares  already 
completed  hail  made  Toledo  "  the  first  exporting 
point  on  the  Lakes." 

The  year  1852  was  noted  for  an  unusual 
number  of  valuable  improvements  in  the  way 
of  business  buildings  erected  in  Toledo. 
Among  these  were  the  following: 

By  Wm.  R.  Morris— Brick  block  80x120,  4  stories, 
Southeast  corner  Summit  and  Jefferson— cost,  $16,000. 
Thomas  Daniels— Brick  store  corner  Cherry  and 
Summit,  |3,000.  J.  F.  Schucrman — Brick  store  nest 
to  Daniels,  $::i,000.  Latimer,  Andrews  &  Co.— Brick 
block  for  Blade  Office,  150  Summit  Street.  4  stories, 
$0,000.  Matthew  Johnson— Banking  building,  4 
stories,  154  Summit  Street  (now  Toledo  National 
Bank),  $9,000.  C.  B.  Phillijis- Brick  block,  2  stores, 
3  stories,  158-100  Summit  Street,  $8,000.  Judge  Miller, 
of  Mt.  Vernon  — Brick  building,  3  stories,  102  Sum- 
mit, $3,000.  J.  C.  Hall— Brick  block,  3  stores,  4  stories, 
50x75,  47-51  Summit  Street,  $6,000.  A.  B.  Waite— 
Brick  block  corner  St.  Clair  and  Monroe.  3  .stories, 
$4,000. 

Beside  these  were  some  30  business  build- 
ings of  wood,  costing  $30,000,  while  $30,000 
was  expended  in  the  erection  of  dwellinirs,  a 
total  of  about  §130,000.  The  lot  1(52  Summit 
was  bought  of  C.  B.  Phillips,  by  Judge  Miller, 
at  $100  per  foot  front  cash,  which  was  consid- 
ered a  fair  price.  The  5/rtrfe  pronounced  that 
year  "  the  most  prosperous  Toledo  had  seen," 
and  predicted  that  b}'  1860  its  population 
would  be  25,000.  The  census  of  that  year 
made  the  number  13,768 — not  the  only  case  of 
overestimate  of  prospective  population. 

Under  the  heading,  "  Improvements  on  the 
Point,"  the  Blade  in  September,  1853,  stated 
that,  "busy  as  our  little  City  is,  there  is  no 
part  of  it  which  just  now  exhibits  more  evi- 
dence of  permanent  prosperity  than  does  the 
Point."  The  locality  thus  referi-ed  to  was  that 
of  which  the  Oliver  House  subsequentlj'  be- 
came the  center.  At  the  time  named,  Mr. 
Friend  Whittlesey  was  erecting  a  fine  two-story 
dwelling,  while  several  other  dwellings  had 
been  constructed  the  previous  year.  Joel  W. 
Kelsey  had  commenced  cutting  down  the  blutf 
bank  of  Swan  Creek ;  while  the  Michigan 
Soutiiern  Railroad  Company  was  removing 
the  bank  to  the  West,  to  make  way  for  its 
tracks  to  the  new  depot  then  in  procees  of 
construction  on  the  Middle  Ground,  the  exca- 
vated earth  being  taken  to  fill  up  the  low  level. 
The  Railway  bridge  across  the  River  was  then 
being  constructed,  passengers  and  freight 
therefore  having  always  been  ferried  between 


REAL  ESTATE  SALES  AND  IMPROVEMENTS. 


507 


the  Michigan  Southern  Depot,  Water  Street, 
between  Adams  and  Oak,  and  the  Cleveland 
and  Toledo  Road  Depot  opposite  foot  of  Jeffer- 
son Street.  The  change  since  wrought  in  "  the 
Point"  and  throughout  what  is  now  tiie  Fifth 
Ward,  could  not  have  been  anticipated  Ijj-  the 
most  hopeful  imagination  in  1853. 

In  June,  1858,  the  following  sales  of  Toledo 
real  estate  were  made  at  puljlic  auction,  to  wit: 

Lot  155,  Port  Lawrence  Division,  St.  Clair  Street. 
near  Mailison,  sold  to  R.  H.  Bell  at  $;i9  i)erfi)ot  front. 

Lot  oOl,  120  feet  deep  and  03  front,  on  Erie  street, 
East  Side,  and  North  of  Monroe  to  C.  H.  Coy,  at  $14 
per  foot. 

Lot  591,  100  feet  square,  corner  of   Monroe   and 

Eleventh  Streets,  to  T.  C.  Stewart,  at  $13.50  per  foot. 

Lot  (i()5,   lOOxOo  feet,  corner  Forrer  and  Eleventh, 

with  front  on   Railroad  Street,  to  W.  M.  Riley,  for 

$240. 

Lot  714,  on  Fourteenth,  between  Washington  and 
Monroe  Streets,  100x100  feet,  to  V.  H.  Ketcham,  at 
$().75  per  foot  front. 

Lot  830,  on  Indiana  Avenue,  200  feet  square,  to 
W.  W.  Grittith,  for  $700. 

Two  lots  of  land  of  nine  and  sixty-seven  one- 
hundredth  acres  each — one  just  beyond  the  intersec- 
tion of  Indiana  Avenue  and  the  Plank  Road,  at $250 
per  acre,  to  Fred.  H.  Brown  ;  the  other,  just  bevond, 
to  W.  W.  Griffith,  at  $145  per  acre. 

Sales  of  Port  Lawrence  property  by  order  of 
Court  were  made  in  April,  1861,  as  follows: 

To  H.  S.  Walbridge,  riparian  rights  in  River  Tracts 
1  and  2,  for  $1,000. 

Lot  484,  to  James  Myers,  for  $3,225. 

Lot  35,  except  20  feet,  to  W.  J.  Daniels,  for  $1,805  ; 
South  half  of  lot  109,  to  same  for  $1,805  ;  and  North 
half  of  same  lot  for  $4,805. 

Southwest  half  of  Northwest  half  of  lot  110,  to 
Fred.  Bissell,  for  $000  ;  Northeast  half  of  Northwest 
half  of  same,  to  W.  J.  Daniels,  for  $1,705  ;  Northeast 
half  of  Southeast  half  of  same,  to  W.  J.  Daniels,  for 
f  1,075 ;  and  Southwest  half  of  Southeast  half  of  same, 
to  Fred.  Bissell,  for  $600. 

Southwest  half  of  Northwest  half  of  lot  111,  to 
John  W.  Fuller,  at  $545  ;  Northeast  half  of  Northwest 
half  of  same,  to  C.  H.  Coy,  for  $1,070  ;  Northea.st  half 
of  same,  to  W.  J.  Daniels,  for  $1,650;  and  Southwest 
half  of  Southeast  half  of  same,  to  J.  W.  Fuller,  for 
$545. 

Northeast  half  of  lot  119,  to  Fred.  Bissell,  for 
$2,575 ;  and  Southwest  half  of  same  to  same,  for 
$2,500. 

November  20,  1801,  W.  J.  Daniels  sold  to  Ex-Gov. 
W.  Hunt,  of  Lockport,  N.  Y.,  three-eighths  interest 
in  54.1  acres  in  subdivision  12  of  tract  G,  lying  be- 
tween Broadway  and  the  River  and  fronting  on 
Western  Auenue  ;  the  price  was  $20,000,  being  at  the 
rate  of  about  $1,000  per  acre. 

In  October,  1862,  the  following  sales  of 
Toledo  property  were  made  : 

To  C.  A.  and  F.  J.  King,  40  feet  on  Summit  Street, 
Northeast  corner  with  Madison,  for  $325  per  foot. 

To.  S.  M.  Young,  80  feet  on  Summit  Street,  Nos. 

,  between  Madison  and  Jefferson,   North  Side, 

for  $250  per  foot. 

To  M.  C.  Worts,  34  feet  on  Summit,  Northeast 
corner  of  Oak,  at  150  per  foot. 

To  Vincent  Hamilton,  35  feet  on  South  side  Water 
Street,  between  Madison  and  Adams,  for  $80  ])er 
foot. 


April,  1863,  sales  were  made  as  follows: 

Southwest  half  lot  588,  Port  Lawrence,  $600 ;  lots 
453,  454,  Vistula,  $1,000;  lots  4.55,  4.5(;,  Vistula, 
$2,000;  lots  049.  (1,50,  051,  0.52,  Vistula  $:!,.".(iO;  l,,t 
49:!,  VLslula,  $000;  North  half  lot  s:;,  Vistida,  $125; 
lot  ;iS9,  Vi.stula,  $2,200;  lot  2:!8,  Port  Lawi. ■nee,  $S40  ; 
lots  3S1-:187,  inclusive,  $5,000;  lots  l.SL'-|,S7,  inclusive, 
and  201-200,  inclusive,  Williams'  Addition,  $27:1;  20 
feet  lot  444  and  40  feet  445,  Port  Lawrence,  $1,200; 
lot  70,  Hill's  Addition,  $.500. 

Same  time— J.  P.  Kilbreth,  sold  to  E.  I!.  Wurd, 
Detroit,  8,177  acres  in  Oregon  Township,  near  mouth 
of  Crane  Creek,  for  $14,990,  or  $1.8:!  pi^r  acre,  II.  D. 
Cornwell  to  E.  B,  Ward,  :!20  acres,  East  half  Section 
7,  Town  10  South,  Range  10  East,  $1,920. 

In  January,  1803,  C^  A.  King  purchased  15.',  acres 
on  Dorr  Street,  East  of  Ketcham's  Addition,  for  $270 
per  acre.  The  brick  block  (40  feet)  on  Summit 
Street,  near  Adams,  known  as  the  '-Scribncr  Block," 
.sold  at  that  time  for  $7,000  ;  and  the  Hanks  building, 
60  Cherry  Street,  to  J.  W.  Scott,  for  $7,500. 

In  February,  1863,  Washington  Hunt  and  Hiram 
Walbridge  purchased  600  feet  River  front,  commcur- 
ing  at  the  South  line  of  the  projierty  then  ormpieil 
by  Hall,  Smith  &  Co.,  lumber  dealers.  The  price 
paid  was  $36,000,  or  $60  per  foot.  The  West  end  of 
Cherry  Street  Bridge  is  on  this  ]iroperty. 


Public 
in  Oliver 
Toledo, 
paid  wer 

Oliver', 
$177  ;  707, 
508,    $123 
$:360;  453, 
.$01  ;  529, 
tion— Lot 
$i:;o ;  So, 
$146  ;  38, 
6,    $145;  : 
$125;  l:^,, 
$120;  30, 
$225  ;  .55, 
.$531 ;  67, 


sale  was  made  .Tu 


ne 


18C3,  of  lots 


's  and  Hall  and  Morris's  Additions  to 
Among   the  parcels    sold  and  prices 
e  the  following: 

s  Addition— Lot  48,  $:»5  ;  012,  $365;  .343, 
,  $170;  019,  $140;  668,  $104;  057,  .$116; 
;    559,    $195;    245,    $100  ;  024,    $1.50;    4:!3, 

$195;  548,  $203;  518,  $60;  ,525,  $67;  .527, 
$95;  .531,  $100.  Hall  ami  Morri.s's  Addi- 
31,    $1.50;  1,   .$59;  2,    $111;    57,    $77;  .34, 

$125;  32,  $145;  33,  .$2:30;  36,  $135;  ,37, 
$144;  39,  $140  ;  40,  $125  ;  4,  .$31 ;  5,  $200 ; 
',    $151;  8,    $1:37;  9,   $131;    12,    $140;  51, 

$120;  1.5,  $128;  27,  $142;  41,  $120;  4.5, 
$2.33;  46,  $1.55;  18,  $200;  50,  $121  ;  17, 
$1.39;  .58,  $130;  62,  $125;  64,  $180;  2:34, 
$82;  79,  $200. 


The  foregoing  sales  averaged  33  per  cent, 
above  the  appraisal  of  the  property.  The  .sti m- 
ulus  incident  to  the  rapid  increase  of  currency 
caused  by  heavy  war  expenditures  which  were 
then  met  chiefly  by  the  issue  of  Government 
notes,  had  then  fairly  begun  to  take  effect. 
The  results  were  seen,  not  only  in  appreciated 
values  as  shown  by  sales,  but  even  more  in  the 
large  amounts  of  lands  then  Ijeing  platted  for 
market.  On  nearly  every  road  leading  to  the 
City,  property  was  being  thus  prejiared  for 
sale. 

An  important  sale  of  property  in  Dunlap's 
Addition  to  Toledo  (bounded  by  Jett'ersou  and 
Madison  and  10th  and  11th  Streets),  took  place 
December  23,  1865,  when  the  following  lots 
were  sold  to  the  parties  and  for  the  jirices 
named,  to  wit: 

Lot  1,  to  Dennis  Coghlin,  for  $940 ;  lots  6  and  7  to 
F.  J.  King,  for$2, 000 each  ;  8  and  9,  to  G.  A.  Bishop, 
ror  $1,620  each;  10  and  11,  to  Wm.  RoH",  for  $1,820 
each  ;  12  to  Calvin  Bronson,  for  $1,.535  ;  13  to  Dennis 
Coghlin,  for  $1,705  ;  14  to  Wm.  Roll,  for  $2,200  ;  15  to 
J.  A.  Corbusier,  for  $1,700;    !0  to  same,  for  $1,80  0 


508 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


nis  Cogiilin,  for  $035 ;  and  27  to  F.  J.  King,  for  $1,500. 

This  isale  was  made  the  more  important  by 
the  subsequent  improvement  of  several  of  the 
lots  purchased  in  the  erection  thereon  of  sub- 
stantial and  eletjant  residences,  and  the  location 
of  the  .letlerson  Street  School  Building. 

In  December,  1865,  sales  were  made  of  lots 
in  H.  P.  and  E.  S.  Piatt's  Addition,  East  To- 
ledo, as  follows : 

I,ot  109  to  W.  L.  Haskins,  for  $315  ;  110  to  Timo- 
thy Tredwell,  $330;  107  to  same,  $320;  108  to  Geo. 
E.  Pomerov,  $375  ;  106  to  M.  A.  Scott,  $3.55 ;  105  to 
Goo.  Stebb'ins,  $290 ;  104  to  G.  S.  Thurber,  $290  ;  190 
to  C.  R.  Miller,  $200 ;  GO  to  W.  L.  Haskins-  $3.3.t  ;  6o 
to  Oscar  White,  $330;  (!4  to  M.  A.  Scott,  $290  ;  33  to 
I  K.  Seaman,  $4.i5  ;  20.^  to  J.  W.  Fuller,  $225 ;  26  to 
same,  $395  ;  133  to  John  Quinn,  $285 ;  84  and  85  to 
J.  W.  Fuller,  $300  each. 

In  December,  1805,  Coleman  I.  Keelersold  to  Wm. 
B.  Messinger  blocks  34  and  39  and  East  half  of  block 
IS,  iManhattan,  for  $12,000 ;  Geo.  W.  Reynolds  sold 
front  part  of  Private  Grant  581,  United  States  Re- 
serve, 116  acres,  to  Coleman  I.  Keeler,  for  $10,000; 
and  A.  B.  Wright  sold  to  same,  central  i:>art  of  said 
<Trant  (65  acres),  for  $6,000.  Mr.  Keeler  sold  25  lots 
(Nos.  124,  12.5,  126,  127,  143,  146,  163,  164,  1.36,  137, 
153,  1.54,  155,  170,  171,  172,  ISO,  185,  186,  187,  194,  199, 
200,  211),  Manhattan,  for  $.500,  or  .$20  each. 

At  a  sale  of  property  in  Spring  Grove  Addition, 
East  Toledo,  May  23,  1874,  lots  were  sold  as  follows  : 

Nos.  88  and  89,  $500 ;  79  and  86,  $570  ;  53,  $280 ; 
69,  72  and  77,  $840  ;  37,  $220  ;  33,  $205  ;  92,  $266 ;  99 
and  100,  $.500;  6,  $228,  5-5,  $3.50;  64,  $3.50;  87,  $290; 
average  of  sales,  $251.60  per  lot. 

Sales  were  made  at  auction  during  May,  1874, 
in  King's  Addition,  East  Toledo,  including  the 
lots  named  below,  the  price  being  per  foot  front: 
No.  1,  $8.15;  2,  3  and  4,  $8.00;  10,  $9.25;  11, 
12,  13,  $7.00;  42,  $9.50;  47,  $7.50;  49,  $8.75. 
Total  sales,  50  lots. 

Prominent  among  the  owners  of  real  estate 
in  Toledo,  at  an  early  day,  was  an  association 
known  as  the  "  American  Land  Company," 
composed  of  John  B.  Jones,  Ami  C.  Lambert, 
Edward  IST.  Nicholl,  Chas.  Butler  and  Erastus 
Corning,  most  of  whom  lived  in  New  York  City 
and  Albany. 

The  list  of  lands  subject  to  taxation  in  Port 
Lawrence  Township,  in  the  year  1838,  con- 
tained the  following  names  of  owners,  and 
number  of  parcels  of  lauds  as  there  given  : 

PORT   LAWRENCE  TOWNSHIP. 


Andrews,  A.  T.,  1. 
Briggs,  Elkhanah,  3. 
Brown,  Daniel,  2. 
Brown   Orlando, 
Bartlett.Townsend,  23. 
Bissell,  Edward,  12. 


Corneau,  Peter. 

Cone,  Erastus,  2. 

Cowell,  Moses. 

Curtiss  &  Stillman. 

Clark,  Charles,  et  al.,  2. 

Cheney,  Roswell,  2. 
Baldwin,  John  T.,  heirs  of  Cranker,  Peter. 
Bissell,  Fred.  Collins,  S.  L.  &  Co.,  5. 

Bush,  B.  H.  Deshetler,  John. 

Burton,  C.  Daniels,  W'.  J.  &  Myers,  2. 

Burton,  D.  Evans,  Alvin,  2, 

Bernor,  Lewis,  3.  Evans,  Charles,  2. 

Bowman,  Baxter.  East  Manhattan  Co. 

Bush,  Jonathan.  Ewing,  A.  H.,  el  al. 


Comstock,  S.  B.,  et  al.,  5. 
Collins,  J.  W.  &  Co, 
Comstock,  D.D.,  heirs  of,  6 
Converse,  John  P. 
Gunn,  Christopher,  3. 
Gruion,  heirs  of,  et  al. 
Gardner,  John  B.  or  A.,  2. 
Hollister,  John. 
Hunt,  John  E. 
Holmes,  heirs  of. 
Hatch,  Israel  T. 
Harvey,  Henry,  el  al. 
Jessup  &  Heywood. 
Keeler,  Coleman  1. 
Knaggs,  George  B. 
Knaggs,  John,  2. 
Knaggs,  James  W.,  2. 
Kunkle,  Conrad,  2. 
Leybourn,  .lohn,  heirs  of. 
Lewis,  Peter,  5. 
Lewis,  D. 

Lewis,  Catharine,  2. 
Myers,  James. 
M'chigan  School  Lands. 
Mercereau,  Henry,  2. 
Mulholland,  Daniel. 
Ma.son.  Hezekiah  D.,  3. 
Mott,  Richard. 
Merritt,  Nancy. 
Mott,  Richard,  el  id. 
McKay  &  Fitch. 
Mickens,  Peter. 
Navarre,  James. 
Oliver,  William,  el  al. 
Oliver,  William,  3. 
Phillip.s,  Henry,  2. 
Phillips,  Philip  I.,  2. 


Fisher,  Cyrus,  2. 
Forsyth,  Robert  A. 
Glenn,  Nathaniel,  2. 
Greenwood  &  Brockbank. 
Palmer,  Andrew. 
Peckham,  et  al. 
Pinney,  James  P. 
Page,  Sherman. 
Patterson,  C.  S. 
Showier,  James. 
Sutphen,  J.  V.  D. 
Smith,  Silas. 
Swelia,  Benjamin. 
Sibley,  Wm.,  heirs  of,  3. 
.Stevens,  Oliver. 
Stickney,  B.  F.,  2. 
Scott,  J".  W.,  el  al. 
Sullivan,  James. 
Thomas,  Levi,  heirs  of.  2. 
Tervener,  William. 
Whitney,  Noah  A. 
WhitneV,  Michael  T. 
Worden,  Nancy. 
Whitney,  Thos.  P.,  2. 
Whitney,  James  S. 
Wakeman,  Maurice,  el  al. 
Williams.  H. 
Worden,  Isaac  B. 
Whitney,  Milton  D.,  3. 
Wadsworth,  Decius,  et  al.,'2 
Wilkison,  Wm. 
Wilkison,  John  J.,  2. 
W^est,  M.  W.,  3. 
Walbridge,  Heman. 
Whitlesey,  Elisha,  el  al.  2. 
Wade,  Benj.  F. 
Whitman,  Swanton. 


PORT    LAWRENCE  DIVISION   OF   TOLEDO. 


Bissell,  Edward,  40. 
Bisisell,  Frederick,  30. 
Birchard  &  Van  Gorder. 
Butler,  Charles,  70. 
Baldwin,  John  &  Co.,  8. 
Belknap,  Frederick. 
Carley,  Jeremiah  E. 
Comstock,  Stephen  B.,  30 
Card,  Piatt. 
Comstock,  Calvin. 
Cheney,  Roswell. 
Chapman,  W'.  H. 
Carr,  Thomas. 
Clark,  Sarah  G. 
Daniels,  Harriet. 
Daniels,  W.  P. 
Daniels,  Russell  C. 
Daniels  &  Goettell. 
Dent,  Ashbell. 
Fasseg,  Wm. 
Foster,  Richard. 
Keeler,  Charles  G. 
Lathrop,  W.  H. 
Lynde,  C.  W. 


Myers,  James,  12. 
Mott,  Richard. 
Myers  &  Hicks. 
Moffett,  Lemuel. 
McKnight,  C.  (t. 
Giddings.  J.  R. 
Oliver,  Wm.,  45. 
Pitcher,  Theophilus. 
Palmer,  Andrew. 
Porter,  Converse. 
Shaw,  C.  G. 
Stevens,  Oliver. 
Smith,  Ira. 
Smith  &  Macv,  10. 
Swift,  Albert. 
Stow,  Amos. 
Spauiding,  Volney. 
Turner,  Joseph  W. 
Union  Hotel  Co. 
Wilder,  Horace. 
Williams,  Jos.  R. 
Whitney,  James  M. 
Wheeler,  Lyman. 


VISTULA   DIVISION    OP  TOLEDO. 


Allen,  Samuel,  2. 
Ayers,  John  B. 
Bissell,  Edward,  330. 
Bow-man,  Baxter. 
Bissell,  Frederick,  35. 
Berdan,  John  &  Co.,  8. 
Baker,  Wm. 
Butler,  Charles,  75. 
Baldwin,  John  &  Co.,  8. 
Belknap,  Frederick. 
Bevins,  W'm. 
Bush,  Isaac. 


Daniels,  Harriet. 
Draper,  Luke,  8. 
Dart,  Ashbel. 
English,  Joseph. 
Eddy,  Samuel,  5. 
Foster,  Richard. 
Flagg,  Junius,  3. 
Fassett,  John,  2. 
Fox,  Merceno. 
Greenwood,  Richard. 
Gillman,  A.,  2. 
Gillman  &  Wright,  2. 


'<,S^ 


~D 


REAL  ESTATE  SALES  AND  IMPROVEMENTS. 


500 


Calkins,  James,  i. 
Chapman,  Calvin. 
Carr,  Thomas. 
Clark,  Sarah  G.,  2. 
Irving,  Pierre  M.,  19. 
Jones,  Anthony  S. 
Mason,  Ilezekiah  D.,  17. 
Mott,  Richard,  3. 
Moflatt,  Lemuel. 
Manning,  Gabriel. 
MoKnight.  C.  G.,  2. 
Marshall  &  Eddy,  S. 
Murray,  James  P. 

Nicholas, ,  4. 

Olmstead,  Oliver  P.,  3. 
Porter,  Elijah,  3. 
Prescott,  Oliver,  2. 
Redding,  George,  2. 
Root,  James,  4. 


Howland,  Charles,  3. 
Hawes,  D.  D. 
Irving,  Ebenezer,  9. 
Giddings,  J.  R. 
Smith  &,  Macy,  80. 
Swift,  Albert. 
Scott  &  Richardson. 
Sill  &  Cook,  2. 
Stow,  Amos. 
Spaulding,  Volney,  3. 
Stickney,  B.  F.,  104. 
Theological   Institute, 

Windsor,  Conn.,  4. 
Tilden,  Myron  H.,  3. 
Van  Blarcum,  John,  1.5. 
Williams,  Joseph  R.,  44. 
Way,  Geo.  B. 
Woodruff,  Lorenzo  E.,  7. 
Walbridge,  Heman,  6. 


In  a  letter  writen  in  .January,  1870,  the  late 
Jessup  W.  Scott  furnished  the  following  inter- 
esting facts  touching  values  of  real  estate  now 
in  the  very  heart  of  Toledo  : 

In  1827  or  1828,  the  Southwest  fractional  quarter 
of  Section  36,  embracing  the  ground  on  which  M.  A. 
Scott's  Block  on  Adams  street.  Judge  Potter's  house, 
on  Jefferson  street,  stand,  and  having  its  center  near 
the  High  School  Building,  and  containing  80  acres, 
was  entered,  as  Congress  land,  at  ■$1.25  per  acre,  by 
Judge  John  Hollister  of  Perrysburg.  Within  the 
next  &ve  years,  it  was  sold  by  him  three  times — the 
first  two  sales  at  $3  per  acre  successively  failed,  be- 
cause the  purchasers  were  unable  to  i)ay,  so  the  land 
was  taken  back  by  Hollister.  The  third  sale  was 
made  to  Dr.  J.  V.  D.  Sutphen  at  |0  per  acre,  after 
the  demonstration  by  Major  Stickney  anri  pai'tners 
to  start  Vistula,  at  Lagrange  Street.  In  June,  18.32, 
Dr.  Suti)hen  sold  to  Je.ssup  W.  Scott,  70  acres  of  this 
tract  at  $12  per  acre.  In  183.1,  Scott  sold  to  Edward 
Bissell,  for  himself  and  others,  an  undivided  half  of 
the  seventy-acre  piece  for  .$6,000. 

Dr.  Sutphen  changed  his  investment  by  purcha- 
sing the  West  half  of  the  Northeast  quarter  of  Sec- 
tion 3.5,  embracing  tlie  Swayne  Tract,  the  ten  acres 
where  Judge  Fitch  lives,  and  land  of  Wm.  H.  Scott 
and  others,  bounded  AVest  by  Collingwood  Avenue, 
tor  wliich  80  acres  he  was  to  pay  $480.  In  183.5, 
Sutphen  sold  it  to  Scott  &  Wakeman  for  $3(lor!};.35 
per  acre.  In  1838,  J.  W.  Scott  sold  an  un<livided  half 
to  N.  H.  Swayne  at  .$200  per  acre.  On  division  with 
Will.  H.  Scott,  who  then  owned  the  other  half,  Scott 
took  the  North  37  acres  and  Swayne  the  balance,  a 
little  less  than  43  acres,  the  section  being  short 
measure. 

In  1834,  the  lots  on  the  corner  of  Monroe  Street 
and  Market  Space  were  offered  for  $.50,  and  the 
North  corners  of  Summit  and  Monroe  for  $2.5  con- 
ditioned that  a  two-stiiry  house  painted  white,  was 
to  be  put  up  thereon,  in  a  given  time— say  one  or  two 
years.  A  half-acre  piece  about  where  White's  Hall 
stands,  witli  a  log  house  on  it  was  offered  the  same 
year  for  $.50  to  my  brother,  J.  Au.stin  Scott,  who  was 
looking  for  good  bargains,  but  failed  to  see  one  in 
that  piece  of  ground. 

The  above  first  named  70  acres,  without  im- 
provements, are  now  (1887)  worth  the  gross 
sum  of  SI, (300, 008.  This  estimate  is  based  on 
actual  sales  made  during  the  past  few  years, 
and  is  under,  rather  than  over,  the  present 
salable  value.  It  makes  tlie  present  value  per 
acre  about  122,000.  The  most  valuable  prop- 
erty   in  the  70-acre    tract  is    now    on   Adams 


Street  between  the  Court  House  Square  and 
Superior  Street;  and  is  worth  from  $200  to 
$400  per  foot  front,  or  about  $.00,000  per  acre. 
The  best  residence  property  on  the  tract  is  on 
Madison,  between  Tenth  and  Seventeenth 
Streets,  and  is  now  worth  (100  feet  deep)  say 
$80  per  front  foot,  or  at  the  rate  of  $20,000  per 
acre  including  Streets.  The  lowest  priced 
pro])erty  in  the  same  tract  is  that  on  an(l  adja- 
cent to  Oak  Street,  and  is  now  worth  from 
$8,000  to  $10,000  per  acre,  including  Streets. 
The  Swayne  tract,  now  Swayne  Place,  bought 
in  1838  at  $200  per  acre,  has  of  lato  years  been 
selling  at  the  rate  of  about  $15,000  per  acre; 
and  the  whole  160  acres  which  Collingwood 
Avenue  bisects  North  and  South,  has  an  average 
value  of  $10,000  per  aci-e,  on  tiie  basis  of  the 
sales  of  the  past  year.  It  may  here  be  stated 
that  portions  of  the  tract  bought  by  Mr.  Scott 
in  1832  at  $12,  and  now  of  the  average  value  of 
$22,000  per  acre,  have  not  changed  hands 
during  the  intervening  55  years,  save  as  such 
portions  passed  to  the  heirs  on  Mr.  Scott's 
death  in  January,  1874. 


JOHN  "W.  HIETT  was  born  in  the  Shenan- 
doah Valley  (Jefferson  County),  Virginia,  Nov. 
11,  1824.  He  is  a  son  of  George  and  Lydia 
Hiett.  His  parents  were  Quakers,  as  were 
their  forefathers,  who  came  from  England 
about  170  years  ago,  and  settled  in  the  Shen- 
andoah Valley.  From  early  days  they  were 
actively'  identified  with  every  cause  having  in 
view  the  {promotion  of  sound  morals,  justice 
and  good  government.  They  were  among  the 
organizers  of  the  first  Anti-Whiskey-  and  Anti- 
Slavery  Societies  in  Virginia,  and  served  their 
day  in  support  of  those  great  reforms,  when 
that  required  a  degree  of  courage  for  which 
there  is  now  comparatively  little  demand. 
When  the  son  was  yet  a  child,  the  family 
removed  to  Ohio,  and  settled  nearTittin,  Seneca 
County,  and  he  jjassed  the  earlier  years  of  his 
life  aniid  dense  forests.  His  educational  priv- 
ileges, in  common  with  most  children  of 
pioneers,  were  very  limited.  When  he  was  15 
years  old,  the  family  returned  to  their  former 
home  in  Virginia,  where  School  advantages 
were  better.  He  attended  and  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  Academy,  and  chose  teaching  for 
his  vocation.  In  1847  he  opened  the  second 
Free  School  of  that  State.  Returning  to  Ohio 
in  1851,  ho  spent  some  time  at  Oborlin  College, 
when  he  was  apiiointed  Superintendent  of 
Public  Schools  at  Fremont,  Sandusky  County, 
and  first  organized  ihe  system  of  Gi-aded 
Schools  at  that  place.  He  was  subse([ueTitlj'  a 
Student  and  a  Teacher  in  the  Normal  Depart- 
ment of  the  Ohio  Wesley  an  University  at 
Delaware,  and  afterwards  was  for  10  years  a 
Trustee  of  that  institution.  He  was  also  Super- 
intendent of  the  Public  Schools  at  Delaware. 


510 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


In  18G0,  assisted  by  Mrs.  Hiett,  as  Preceptress, 
he  opened  the  Elm  Grove  Normal  School  atMau- 
mee,  which  after  oue  year  was  changed  to  Cen- 
tral Ohio  Conference  Seminary.  His  health  fail- 
ing in  18G4  he  came  to  Toledo,  and  became  one  of 
the  proprietors  of  the  Toledo  Commercial.  Since 
that  time  lie  has  been  a  resident  of  Toledo, 
engaged  in  general  business,  devoting  most  of 
his  time  to  dealing  in  real  estate.  He  has  been 
actively  identified  with  nearly  every  move- 
ment having  for  its  object  the  building  up  of 
the  City,  serving  for  some  time  as  Secretary  of 
the  Merchants  and  Manufacturers  Exchange. 
His  active  connection  with  the  genei-al  interests 
of  Toledo,  has  enabled  him  to  be  specially 
usefnl  in  gathering  and  arranging  facts  and 
statistics  bearing  upon  the  advantages  and 
growth  of  the  City.  Mr.  Hiett  from  early 
years  has  been  a  member  of  the  Methodist 
Episcopal  Church,  in  which  he  has  been  both 
active  and  prominent,  as  indicated  by  his 
relations  to  the  Educational  work  of  that 
denomination.  In  Toledo,  and  as  a  member  of 
St.  Paul's  Church,  he  has  been  specially  identi- 
fied with  Bible  instruction.  In  1872  he  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  first  General  Conference  of  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  held  at  Brooklyn, 
New  York,  to  which  laymen  were  admitted  in 
such  capacity;  and  in  1876  was  again  a  member 
of  that  bod}'  at  its  meeting  in  Baltimore.  In 
1861  he  received  the  honorary  degree  of  Master 
of  Arts  from  Baldwin  University,  at  Berea, 
Ohio.  Mr.  Hiett  was  married  August  3,  1858, 
with  Miss  Mary  E.  Beecham,  daughter  of  Joseph 
Beecham,  of  Plymouth,  Ohio.  Four  children 
have  been  born  to  them — Ella  F.,  Irving  B., 
Oliver  N.  and  Russell  M.  Hiett.  Mr.  Hiett's 
father  died  at  Fremont,  in  the  83d  year  of  his 
age.  His  mother  is  living  with  her  daughter, 
Mrs.  Dr.  Kenyon,  in  the  suburbs  of  Toledo,  in 
the  90th  year  of  her  age. 


JAMBS  WILSON  HONE  was  born  at  St. 
Catharines,  Upi)cr  Canada,  June  18,  1824.  He 
is  a  son  of  John  W.  and  Margaret  (Charles- 
worth)  Hone,  who  were  natives  of  the  State  of 
New  York,  and  having  but  recently  removed  to 
St.  Catharines,  had  not  lost  their  American 
citizenship.  Both  his  grandfathers — Christo- 
pher Hone  and  John  Charlesworth — were  Sol- 
diers in  the  Army  of  the  Revolution,  each  serv- 
ing  throughout   the  seven  yeai-s   of  Colonial 


struggle  for  the  independence  their  descen- 
dants now  enjoy.  The  former  was  born  near 
Albany,  New  York,  and  the  latter  in  New 
York  Citj',  being  of  Scotch-Irish  parentage, 
In  1833,  Mr.  Hone's  parents  removed  to  North- 
western Ohio,  settling  in  the  Maumee  Valle3^ 
where  they  passed  through  the  trials  of  priva- 
tion, hard  labor  and  sickness  incident  to  such 
life.  School  advantages  were  very  meagre, 
while  the  limited  means  of  the  parents  made  it 
necessar}'  that  the  son  at  an  early  age  begin 
his  life  of  self-reliance  When  but  15  years  of 
age,  he  shipped  "  before  the  mast  "  on  a  Vessel 
jjlying  on  the  Lakes,  and  for  seven  years  ex- 
perienced the  hardships,  dangers  and  poor 
pay  incident  to  the  position  of  the  common 
Sailor  of  that  time.  In  1846  he  permanently 
located  at  Toledo,  and  in  1847  became  Master 
of  the  Schooner  Temperance.  For  12  j^ears 
he  continued  in  command  of  that  and  other 
Vessels,  including  the  Ottavva  and  the  Hia- 
watha. By  the  exercise  of  the  closest  economy 
he  was  enabled  during  that  time  to  save  a  sum 
suflScient  to  purchase  an  interest  in  a  Vessel, 
and  in  time,  by  like  prudence,  was  able  to 
secure  an  interest  in  several  crafts.  For  several 
years  he  was  co-owner  with  Deunison  Steele  in 
the  Schooner  Minnie  Kinnie,  which  plied  be- 
tween Toledo  and  Buffalo.  In  1860,  after  21 
years  of  active  service  on  the  Lakes  and  River, 
Captain  Hone  abandoned  navigation,  and  has 
since  directed  his  attention  to  dealing  in  real 
estate.  He  is  politicallj'  a  Democrat,  but' takes 
little  active  interest  in  political  matters,  except 
as  they  specially  concern  the  public  welfare. 
The  only  official  position  held  by  him  was  that 
of  member  of  the  Toledo  City  Council  from 
the  Sixth  Ward,  to  which  he  was  elected  in 
1875,  serving  for  two  years.  Of  quiet  and  re- 
served disposition,  his  chief  enjoyment  is  found 
within  the  circle  of  his  own  household.  Cap- 
tain Hone  was  married  December  25,  1850, 
with  Miss  Harriet  W.,  daughter  of  Hon.  James 
Pai'ks,  of  Sandusky  County.  They  have  had 
seven  children,  of  whom  five  sons  are  now 
living.  Their  only  daughter,  Minnie  H.,  a  re- 
markably brilliant  and  promising  young 
woman,  died  in  1881,  at  the  age  of  21  years. 
She  had  but  recently  graduated  from  the 
Toledo  High  School  with  highest  honors,  and 
her  loss  was  a  severe  blow  to  her  parents  and  a 
grief  to  a  large  circle  of  arpiaintances.  A  son, 
Charles  C,  died  in  June,  1882. 


0 


yr^t^fzr.^ 


II 
I 


1 


PART    VI 


JUDICIAL 


I 


CHAPTER    I. 


LUCAS    BENCH    AND    BAR. 


NO  incident  or  event  connected  with  the 
early  Bench  and  Bar  of  this  County  or 
of  the  Northwestern  Counties  of  (ho  State,  is 
soohi  but  that  it  remains  vividly  in  the  recol- 
lection of  members  of  the  profession  still 
living.  That  is  a  wonderful  thing  to  contem- 
plate. Lawyers  who  attended  the  tii'st  Courts 
held  under  any  organized  division  of  the  State 
embracing  the  territory  of  the  Northwest,  are 
able,  with  the  eyes  of  the  living,  to  see  the 
magic  growth  of  but  little  over  a  half-century 
from  swamp  and  wilderness  to  a  great  City, 
with  its  numerous  thriving  neighbors,  mag- 
nificent farms,  and  population  numbering  hun- 
dreds of  thousands.  Lawyers  who  attended 
the  first  Courts  held  in  the  County  at  wiiich 
any  business  was  attempted,  still  attend  upon 
the  sessions  of  the  same  Court,  ])artici]iate  in 
its  deliberations,  and  are  able  to  pass  in  review 
every  event  in  its  half-century's  work,  from 
its  organization  with  half  a  dozen  lawyers 
gathered  from  different  parts  of  the  State,  its 
meagre  business  diposed  of  in  a  few  days  in 
each  of  its  semi-annual  terms,  to  the  overbur- 
dened dockets  of  the  multiplieil  Courts,  its 
hundreds  of  lawyers  and  perpetual  sessions  of 
to-day. 

To  write,  therefore,  of  the  early  Judiciary 
and  of  the  early  history  of  the  Bar  in  our 
locality,  is  necessarily  to  write,  to  some  e.xtent, 
of  the  living,  and  of  events  which  are  within 
the  short  span  of  a  man's  business  life;  and 
the  marvel  I  speak  of  is,  that  in  the  midst  of  a 
great  City,  the  center  of  a  great  population 
surrounding  it,  and  within  the  memory  of  its 
citizens,  we  can  commence  our  record  at  abso- 
lutely the  beginning. 

The  early  history  of  Lucas  County,  the  date 
of  its  formation  out  of  the  large  territory  for- 
raei'ly  comprising  the  County  of  Wood,  and 
the  facts  which  led  to  the  division  of  that  ter- 
ritoi-y,  have,  no  doubt,  been  sufficioiitly  told 
elsewhere  in  this  volume,  and  will  not  neetl  to 
be  repeated  here.  As  there  stated,  the 
County  was  organized  in  1835,  and  became  a 
part  of  the  judicial  subdivision  then  presided 
over  by  Judge  David  Higgins,  of  Norwalk,  the 
first  term  of  the  Common  Pleas  C'ourt  being 
held  on  the  7th  day  of  September  of  that  year. 
The  term  was  held  by  the  associate  Judges, 
the  P*-esiding  Judge  not  being  present. 

Judge  Higgins  first  arrived  in  Toledo  on 
the  morning  of  April  27,  1836,  where  be  was 
met  by  the  three  Associate  Judges  and  opened 
[5 

*  Prepared  by  Judge  John  H.  Doyle,  of  Toledo. 


Court  in  a  most  formal  manner.  A  Grand 
Jury  was  sworn  and  the  men  composing  it 
were  certaiidy  among  the  most  |)i'ominent 
citizens  of  the  (Jounty.  It  is  a  fact,  whicii 
every  lawyer  recognizes,  that  with  the  gi-owth 
of  Cities,  the  increase  of  wealth  and  business, 
and  corresponding  increase  in  the  importance 
of  matters  litigated  in  the  Courts,  the  charac- 
ter of  juries  decreases  in  corresponding  ratio. 
To  those  who  look  upon  the  average  Jury  in 
our  Courts  of  to-day,  and  who  know  the 
prominent  men  of  our  early  history,  it  will  be 
interesting  to  read  the  names  of  the  early 
jurors,  and  contrast  them  with  the  present; 
and  I  cannot  refrain  from  recording  the  names 
of  that  first  jury  sworn  in  Lucas  County. 
They  were  Jacob  Gnagy,  Heni-y  Dilgart, 
Allison  Lemolt,  Samuel  Searing,  Oscar  White, 
Alonzo  Noble,  James  John,  Cortielius  Wiltse, 
Silas  Barnes,  David  Mills,  James  M.  Whitney, 
Calvin  Comstock,  Coleman  1.  Keeler,  Willai'd 
J.  Daniels  and  Luke  Draper.  No  15  men  of 
corresponding  prominence  could  be  obtained 
on  a  jury  in  the  j)resent  age.  Not  because 
such  are  not  liable  to  jury  <luty.  Not  because 
intelligence  and  re]ionsiljility  are  not  sought 
among  the  qualifications  now,  nor  because  of 
any  fiiult  in  the  system  of  the  law,  but  for  the 
reason  that  business  men  are  not  willing  to 
])erform  this  im])ortant  <luty  of  citizenship. 
Every  excuse  known  to  the  law,  and  some  not 
thus  recognized,  are  resortetl  to  for  escape;  and 
the  laxity  of  the  Courts  in  enli)rcing  the  law, 
their  willingness  to  accej)t  excuses  from  the 
unwilling,  while  so  many  are  anxious  to  serve, 
has  resulted  in  the  growth  of  a  '  class  of  profes- 
sional "  jurors,  who  ai'e  rapidly  bringing  into 
disfavor  a  system,  which,  in  my  judgment,  is 
iudis])ensable  to  free  government  and  the  im- 
j)artial  administration  of  justice  througli  tiie 
Courts. 

At  that  April  term,  183(1,  of  the  Court,  the 
only  business  transacted  of  a  judicial  nature 
was  the  following:  On  return  by  the  Grand 
Jury  of  two  indictments  for  petit  larceny 
against  John  Wilson,  his  trial  and  conviction 
therefor  followed  with  sentence  in  each  case  to 
six  days'  imprisonment  in  jail,  and  a  small 
fine.  The  Sheriff',  Cornelius  G.  Shaw,  was 
amerced  in  the  sum  of  $ltjO  for  failure  to  bring 
in  the  body  of  one  Henry  Morgan,  a  defendant 
in  an  action  of  assumpsit,  in  pursuance  of  a 
writ  issued  and  a  rule  made  requiring  the 
Sheriff  to  do  so.  Andrew  Coftinbury,  who 
13] 


514 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


tlion  lived  at  Maiisfiold,  was,  on  the  opening  of 
Court,  ajipointod  Prosecuting  Attorney,  and 
for  attending  upon  tlio  Grand  Jury  preparing 
the  indietments  and  trying  Wilson  upon  each 
indictment,  he  was  allowed  by  the  Court  the 
sum  of  $15.00.  An  entry  was  made  in  an 
eject mont  case  .substituting  Robert  A.  Forsyth 
and  Smith  Daggett  as  defendants  in  place  of 
the  mythical  "  Hichard  Roe."  Other  proceed- 
ings at  this  term  are  noted  elsewhere. 

The  first  civil  action  corameneed  in  Lucas 
County,  was  entitled  "Lyman  Andrews,  Ad- 
ministrator, vs.  James  Lindsley  &  C.  L.  Wing, 
trespass  on  the  Case,"  with  Spink  &  Coffinbury 
as  Attorneys  for  plaintiffs. 

One  of  the  earliest  cases  tried  grew  out  of 
the  controversy  between  Ohio  and  Michigan 
over  tlie  disputed  boundary  line. 

After  Ohio  had  asserted  her  right  to  territory 
to  the  Earris  line,  and  had  organized  the 
territory  into  a  County,  an  election  was  re- 
quired to  be  held  in  Toledo,  and  Benjamin  F. 
Stickney,  Piatt  Card,  and  John  T.  Baldwin 
were  selected  as  judges  and  accepted.  This 
was  a  violiation  of  a  "  Pains  and  Penalties 
Act"  of  the  Michigan  Legislative  Council, 
which  made  it  an  offense  to  acknowledge  any 
other  authority  than  Michigan  in  the  disputed 
territory,  and  was  an  overt  act  against  Michi- 
gan authority.  Major  Stickney  had  attended 
the  session  of  Congress  of  1834-5  as  an  active 
worker  and  warm  partisan  of  Ohio,  and  in- 
curred the  enmity  of  the  people  of  Michigan 
therefor.  In  March,  1835,  he  visited  Monroe, 
when,  much  to  his  surprise,  he  was  arrested  on 
a  criminal  charge,  based  on  his  serving  as 
judge  of  the  electibn  a  year  before  under  the 
authority  of  Ohio,  and  was  thrown  into  prison. 
He  was  detained  until  he  obained  bail,  which 
was  required  for  his  appearance  at  the  next 
term  of  Court.  In  July  of  the  same  year 
Governor  Mason  sent  a  force  of  250  men  to 
Toledo  to  arrest  young  Two  Stickney,  a  son  of 
the  Major,  who  was  then  in  Columbus  under 
the  protection  of  Governor  Lucas.  They  ran- 
sacked the  Major's  house,  and  not  finding 
young  Stickney,  concluded  to  arrest  the  "  old 
rascal,"  and  marched  him  off  to  Monroe.  This 
expedition  was  under  the  command  of  Warner 
Wing,  who  is  elsewhere  mentioned  as  practic- 
ing in  our  Courts  after  the  question  was 
settled.  Major  Stickney'  was  again  impris 
oned,  the  charge  against  him  being,  after 
much  consultation  among  the  authorities,  that 
of  resisting  an  officer  on  the  occasion  of  his 
former  arrest.  Bail  was  again  exacted  and 
given,  but  the  Major  did  not  return  to  Monroe 
at  the  subsequent  or  any  other  term  of  their 
Court,  and  Ids  recognizance  was  forfeited  and 
judgment  entered  against  his  bondsmen.  They 
commenced  an  action  against  him  in  this 
County,  and  at  the  April  term  of  1838  the  case 
was  tried  and  judgment  rendered  against  the 
defendant,  which  was  affiimedby  th'e  Supreme 


Court,  at  the  term  thereof  first  held  in  the 
County,  at  which  Judges  Lane  and  Grimke 
presided. 

This  much  of  the  business  of  the  Court  is 
given  as  a  history  of  its  early  work,  because 
the  names  appearing  in  the  records  of  its 
doings  are  identified  with  the  history  of  the 
County,  and  to  give  a  basis  of  comparision  with 
the  magnitude  of  the  business  of  to-daj'. 

The  writer  has  often  heard  his  father,  who 
had  been  for  some  years  a  resident  of  the 
County,  say,  that  he  was  one  of  the  many  who 
volunteered  their  services  to  Governor  Lucas 
to  protect  the  boundary  by  arms,  and  was 
present  at  many  of  the  exciting  incidents  of 
the  time. 

The  lawyers  whose  names  appear  upon  the 
records  and  who  attended  the  early  sessions  of 
the  Courts  in  Lucas  Countj',  are  tlie  following: 
J.  Stetson,  John  C.  Spink,  Pierre  M.  Irving, 
Richard  Cooke,  John  M.  May,  Samuel  M. 
Young,  Joshua  R.  Giddings,  Nathaniel  Rath- 
bun,  Emerj'  D.  Potter,  Noah  H.  Swayne, 
George  B.  Way,  Willard  V.  Way,  Daniel  F. 
Cook,  Benj.  F.  Wade,  James  Purdj-,  John 
Fitch,  Warner  Wing,  Daniel  O.  Morton,  H.  C. 
Stowell,  Benj.  S.  Brown,  Henry  Bennett,  Henry 
Reed,  Jr.,  Hezekiah  L.  Hosmer,  —  Perkins, 
John  R.  Osborn,  Myron  H.  Tilden,  C.  L.  Boalt, 
Ozias  Bowen,L.  S.  Lownsbury,  Edson  Allen; 
and  later,  Morrison  R.  Waite,  Charles  W.  Hill, 
Caleb  F.  Abbott,  Edward  Bissell,  Charles  Pratt, 
Charles  Kent,  Edward  Bissell  Jr.,  and  many 
others  who  belong  rather  to  the  present  than 
the  older  Bar. 

Butfew  of  these  men  were  residents  of  Lucas 
County.  Wa}-  &  Cooke  (a  firm  composer!  of 
George  B.  Way  and  Richard  Cooke),  Potter 
Fitch,  Abbott,  Morton,  Allen,  Lownsbury, 
Young,  Rathbun,  Brown  and  Daniel  F.  Cook, 
constituted  the  resident  Bar;  the  last  three 
being  residents  of  Maumee,  the  others  of  To- 
ledo, which  was  then  the  County-seat.  Spink, 
Bennett,  Hosmer,  W.  V.  Way,  Stowell  and 
Camjibell,  were  of  Perrysburg  ;  Boalt  and  Hig- 
gins  of  Norwalk  ;  Purdy,  Coffinbury  and  May, 
of  Mansfield;  vSwayne  of  Columbus;  Wing  & 
McLellan,of  Monroe.  Osborn  &  Tilden  moved 
early  from  Norwalk  to  Toledo,  and  became 
prominent  among  the  local  Bar.  Wade  &  Gid- 
dings, who  were  interested  in  some  real  estate 
speculations  which  brought  them  here  fre- 
quently from  Ashtabula  County,  had  some 
business  in  our  Courts.  Ozias  Bowen  was  from 
Marion. 

The  field  of  the  early  lawyers'  labors  was 
much  broader  in  area  than  now.  They  traveled 
from  County  to  Countj-  in  the  Circuit  on  horse- 
hack  or  in  wagons,  lor  even  the  Stage-coach 
had  not  been  introduced  in  the  "Black  Sflanip 
region"  generally  enough  to  jiflbrd  reliable 
means  of  travel.  The  lawyer's  bag  (not  always 
the  orthodox  green  one  cf  the  profession)  con- 
faint  d  his  wi  rdioVe,b)s  liiefs  ard  hh  lit  rsiiy  ; 


LUCAS  BENCH  AND  BAR. 


515 


the  latter  consisting  mainly  of  Blackstone, 
Chitty  and  some  work  on  pleading  and  prece- 
dents. Equipped  witli  tliese,  he  started  on  his 
pilgrimage.  Nearly  the  same  men  met  in  the 
difl'erent  Counties,  and  fought  their  legal  bat- 
tles— those  associated  to-day  being  pitted 
again.st  each  other  to-morrow.  They  lived  in 
Taverns,  played  cards,  enjoyed  the  usual  social 
pleasures;  iliscussed  over  again  their  cases  and 
questions  which  arose  in  their  trials;  engaged 
in  mental  contest  of  wit  and  humor  ;  and,  obey- 
ing an  unwritten  law  that  existed  and  was 
recognized  bj'  every  lawyer,  was  good  natured, 
gentlemanly  and  courteous  to  each  other,  with 
rare  and  regretted  exceptions. 

There  was  no  term  of  the  Supreme  Court 
held  in  Lucas  County  until  1838,  when  Judges 
Ehenezer  Lane  and  Frederick  Grimke  held  a 
short  term  at  Toledo.  Judge  Lane  lived  at 
Norwalk.  He  was  the  predecessor  of  Judge 
Higgins  on  the  Common  Pleas  bench,  but  had 
been  transferred  to  the  Supreme  Court  in  1830. 
Judge  Grimke  lived  in  Chillieothe.  It  is  not 
the  purpose  of  this  article  to  give  extended 
notice  of  any  member  of  the  Bench  or  of  the 
Bar,  and  certainly  not  of  those  whose  long  and 
distinguished  service  on  the  Supreme  Bench, 
have  become  a  part  of  the  histor}'  ot  the  State. 
The  older  lawyers  speak  with  enthusiasm  of 
the  old  Supreme  Court,  as  it  traveled  over  the 
State  with  such  men  as  Sherman,  Tod,  Lane, 
Grimke  and  Hitchcock,  as  Judges  ;  and  there  is 
an  evident  sadness  in  the  half-concealed  regret 
at  the  change  that  was  wrought  under  tho 
present  constitution,  which  cannot  be  under- 
stood by  the  younger  members  ofthe  profession. 

Judge  Higgins  was  succeeded  in  1837  by 
Ozias  Bowen  of  ^Marion,  who  held  our  Court 
for  two  or  three  terms,  until  in  the  winter  of 
1838-39,  when  the  Legislature  made  a  new  Ju- 
dicial Circuit  of  10  of  the  Northwestern  Coun- 
ties,  including  Lucas  and  Wood,  when  B.  D. 
Potter  was  chosen  as  the  President  Judge.  He 
immediately  purchased  of  Jonathan  Neel3'  of 
Maumee  a  magnificent  horse,  on  which  he  rode 
proudly  on  his  journeys  through  his  Circuit. 
He  served  his  term  and  earned  the  title  of  an 
upright  and  honest  Judge.  The  salary  of  the 
Judges  was  aboutSl,200  per  annum,  until  1842, 
when  the  Legislatm-e  reduced  the  pay  to  S2.00 
per  daj-  (Sunday  included),  which  was  the 
magnificent  sum  for  which  ifyron  H.  Tilden, 
in  18-14,  left  his  successful  practice  and  became 
the  successor  of  Judge  Potter. 

Ofthe  five  Judges  who  presided  in  our  Courts 
up  to  about  1850,  three  are  still  living.  Judge 
Potter,  still  an  honored  and  respected  citizen  of 
Toledo;  Judge  Tilden  in  Cincinnati,  whence 
he  moved  in  1851,  and  where  he  has  been  one 
of  the  Judges  of  the  Superior  Court  of  that 
City ;  and  Judge  E.  B.  Sadler  of  Sandusky 
City,  yet  in  the  active  pursuit  of  his  profession. 
Judge  Higgins  left  the  profession  in  1846,  and 


moved  to  Washingfon,  where  he  took  a  position 
in  one  of  the  departments,  which  he  held  until 
his  death  in  January,  1874,  being  then  over  SO 
years  of  age.  Judge  Bowen  was  elevated  to  the 
Supreme  bench  under  the  present  Constitution, 
served  one  term  with  much  creilit,  and  died 
about  1870. 

The  Judges  of  the  Common  Pleas  Court, 
from  the  retirement  therefrom  of  Judge  Tilden, 
down  to  and  including  the  pi-esent  occupants 
ofthe  Bench,  have  been  anil  are  as  follows: 

E.  B.  Sadler,  L.  B.  Otis,  John  Fitch, 
Samuel  T.  Worcester,  S.  F.  Taylor,  Waltei^ 
F.  Stone,  William  G.  Lane,  William  A.  Collins, 
T.  P.  Finefrock,  Reuben  C.  I.enunon,  Joshua 
R.  Seney,  James  J.  French,  Charles  K.  I'enne- 
well,  Birdseye  W.  Rouse,  Cooper  K.  Watson, 
William  F.  Loekwood,  John  Mackey,  John  H. 
Doyle,  Isaac  P.  Pugsley,  David  H.  Cominager, 
George  R.  Ilayncs,  Louis  II.  Pike,  C.  P.  Wick- 
ham,  J.  M.  Lemmon,  J.  L.  Dewitt  and  John  L. 
Greene.  Judge  E.  B.  Sadler  was  called  to  the 
Bench  on  the  resignation  of  Judge  Tilden  in 
the  Spring  of  1847,  and  was  succeeded  under 
the  new  Constitution  in  1851,  by  L.  B.  Otis, 
who  served  until  1855.  Judge  Fitch  was 
elected  in  the  Fall  of  1854,  taking  his  seat  on 
Februar}^  9,  1855,  under  an  act  ]n-oviding  for 
an  additional  Judge  for  the  subdivision.  Ho 
held  the  office  for  15  years,  being  succeeded  in 
1870  by  Judge  William  A.  Collins,  who  served 
one  term  of  five  yeai's.  Judge  R.  C.  Lemmon 
was  elected  as  the  successor,  and  is  now  serving 
on  his  third  continuous  term,  which  will  exjjire 
February  9,  1890. 

The  Legislature  at  its  session  of  1870-1,  ])ro- 
vided  for  an  additional  Judge  for  the  First  Sub- 
division of  the  Fourth  Judicial  District:  and 
at  the  Sjiring  election  of  1871,  Joshua  R.  Seney 
was  elected  to  such  jjosition.  He  resigned  in 
November,  1874,  when  James  J.  French  was 
appointed  by  Governor  Allen  to  serve  until  the 
next  annual  election,  at  which  time  Birdseye 
W.  Rouse  was  elected  to  fill  tho  unexpired 
term,  and  also  the  full  term  thence  ensuing. 
An  additional  Judge  had  also  been  created  b3' 
statute  in  1809,  and  Judge  Charles  E.  Penne- 
well  of  Norwalk,  and  T.  P.  Finefrock  of  Fre- 
mont had  successivelj'  held  the  office,  when  in 
1879,  John  H.  Doyle  was  elected  to  succeed 
Judge  Finefrock  and  helil  tlie  office  until  1883, 
at  which  time  his  elevation  to  the  SujM-eme 
Bench  caused  a  vacancy  which  was  tilhul  by 
appointment  of  Isaac  P.  Pugsley,  and  aftei-- 
wards  by  election  of  Judge  Commager,  who 
still  holds  the  office.  Charles  P.  Wickhain,  of 
Huron  County,  was  elected  to  succeed  .ludge 
Rouse  in  1880,  and  was  re-elected  in  18S5, 
serving  almost  wholly  in  Huron,  Frio  anil  San- 
dusky Counties.  He  resigned  in  1880,  when 
he  was  elected  as  member  of  Congress  from  the 
Huron  district.  John  M.  Lemmon,  of  San- 
dusky County,  was,  by  the  Governor,  appointed 


516 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LOCAS  COUNTY. 


to  fill  the  vacancy  until  the  election  of  1887,  at 
which  time  John  L.  Greene,  of  Sandusky 
County,  was  chosen  for  the  place. 

In  1878  still  another  Judge  was  provided  for 
by  statute,  and  William  F.  Lock  wood  was 
chosen.  He  served  five  years.  At  the  election 
in  1883,  George  R.  Hayues  was  declared  elected, 
commissioned  and  served  about  four  months, 
when,  on  a  contest,  the  Senate  declared  Louis 
H.  Pike  elected,  and  he  has  since  served. 
Judge  Haj-nes  was  the  following  year  elected 
to  the  new  Circuit  Court,  created  by  constitu- 
tional amendment,  and  is  now  serving  as  Judge 
of  that  Court.  At  the  November  election,  1887, 
Judge  Pike  was  a  candidate  lor  re-election,  with 
Judge  Pugsley  as  liis  chief  opponent,  when  the 
latter  was  elected,  his  term  to  begin  November 
6,  1888. 

1  do  not  intend  to  write  at  length  of  the 
modern  Bench  or  Bar.  I  have  not  .space  to  do 
so  at  any  great  length  of  the  earlier  members 
of  either.  They  were,  in  greater  part,  men 
who  came  here  from  the  East  in  search  of  the 
El  Dorado  suppo.sed  to  lie  in  the  vast  wilder- 
ness of  what  was  tiien  known  as  "the  Far 
West."  Educated  in  Eastern  Schools  of  learn- 
ing and  morals — in  the  main  ambitious,  ener- 
getic, young,  hopeful,  vigorous,  moral  and  in- 
telligent men.  The  County  was  organized  at 
a  period  of  great  speculation,  nowhere  more 
exciting  and  extravagant  than  on  the  Maumee. 
Money  was  poured  into  the  Valiej^by  Eastern 
capitalists  to  buy  lands  and  lay  out  Cities,  until 
the  banks  of  tiie  River  became  to  a  great  ex 
tent  a  line  of  Towns  "on  ])aper."  Speculation 
was  at  fever  heat;  prices  were  reguhited  only 
by  the  amount  of  advance  over  the  last 
purchase  which  the  owner  would  take;  and 
the  lawyer  was  an  essential  and  tolerably  well- 
])aid  adjunct  of  this  condition  of  things.  Ben- 
jamin P.  Wade  once  told  the  writer  that, 
coming  from  Cleveland  to  Toledo  on  a  Steamer, 
he  found  a  man,  also  a  passenger,  who  was  on 
his  way  from  Baltimore  to  Toledo  to  sell  River 
tract  iSTo.  (i,  now  part  of  the  Filth  Ward. 
Wade's  solicitude  was  to  get  a  contract  out  of 
him  before  the  l)oat  landed.  Unable  to  get  the 
seller  to  fix  a  price,  he  plumped  an  otter  of  825,- 
000  to  him  and  closed  the  bargain  to  their 
mutual  satisfiiction,  as  the  last  price  paid  for  it 
was  in  the  neighborhood  of  ?10,(I00,  and  Wade 
more  than  doubled  his  mone\-.  That  tract  of 
land  was  the  subject  of  litigation  for  a  good 
part  of  the  time  since  and  until  about  half  a 
dozen  years  ago,  when,  it  is  to  be  hoped,  the 
titles  were  settled  forever. ' 

This  period  of  speculation,  fostered  bj^  the 
"Wild  Cat"  Banking  system  in  vogue,  begat 
an  unhealthy  credit  system,  which  made  the 
locality  suffer  in  the  succeeding  panic  that 
swept  over  the  country  ;  and  the  business  of 
the  lawyer  and  the  dockets  ot  the  Courts  be- 
came greatly  increased  thereby.     Many  lawyers 


laid  the  foundations  of  considerable  fortune 
during  this  early  period,  while  some  were  lost 
in  the  financial  wreck  that  followed.  The  great 
future  of  Toledo  was  a  matter  about  which 
none  entertained  any  doubt  in  those  early 
days,  and  most  of  them  remained  here  through 
good  and  bad  fortune,  with  their  eyes  turned 
toward  the  "  promised  land,"  which  was  a  part 
of  their  faith  until  sight  was  closed  to  terrestrial 
things. 

Among  the  resident  lawj-ers  of  the  earlier 
time  we  are  writing  about.  Potter,  Fitch,  Allen, 
Young  and  Osborn  ;  and  of  the  latter  period, 
Bis.sell,  Pratt  and  Kent,  are  still  residents  of 
Toledo,  and  finding  their  earl}-  predictions 
fulfilled,  are  building  greater  hopes  than  ever 
on  the  future. 

That  was  an  able  Bench  and  an  able  Bar. 
Indeed,  Lucas  County  has  always  been  dis- 
tinguished for  the  ability  of  its  lawyers.  A 
prominent  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  used  to 
say,  that  it  was  a  pleasure  to  preside  over  a 
District  Court  in  Lucas  County.  The  lawy-ers 
were  better  prepared,  presented  their  cases 
better,  and  were  more  courteous  and  polite  to 
each  other  and  to  the  Bench,  than  those  of  any' 
County  to  which  he  was  called.  The  example 
and  influence  of  those  prominent  among  the 
early  lawyers,  has  ahvajs  been  felt  in  the  local 
Bar.  Such  men  as  Morton,  Waite  and  Hill, 
could  hardly  fail  to  leave  the  imjiress  of  their 
character  upon  the  future  of  tlie  profession. 
Industry,  study,  thoroughness,  and  honesty 
were  the  lessons  taught,  and  their  successors 
were  ai>t  at  learning. 

The  early  lawyers,  of  cour.se,  hail  their 
peculiarities,  weaknesses  and  failings,  as  have 
those  who  arc  now  occujjying  their  ])laces. 
They  were  human,  but  good  specimens  of 
humanity.  Judge  Higgins  was  austere  and 
seclusive  while  Qn  the  bench,  but  impartial  and 
.sound.  He  would  reprimand  a  lawyer  lor 
ti'ivial  departure  from  the  decorum  which  he 
exacted  during  the  sessions  of  Court,  but  would 
allow  his  own  temper  to  lead  him  into  absurd 
extravagances.  Judge  Bowen,  on  the  other 
hand,  was  as  mild  and  even  tempered  a  man  as 
ever  wore  the  ermine;  and  yet,  firm  and 
fearless  in  the  administration  of  justice,  in 
which  he  never  lost  his  temper  and  never  car- 
ried the  thinnest  mark  of  severity. 

George  B.  Way  would  fill  a  Court-room  with 
a  flood  of  eloquence,  carrying  Jurors  and 
Courts  with  his  magic  words,  and  then,  as  com- 
pensation, would  desert  his  office  and  his  law 
books  and  give  himself  entirely  up  to  a  luxuri- 
ous indolence,  or  the  pleasure  of  pui'ely  literary 
or  artistic  study- 
Morton,  with  his  magnificent  physique,  im- 
posing height  and  ajipearance,  his  thorough 
knowledge  of  the  law,  and  fluent  and  matchless 
address,  was  the  most  lormidable  opponent 
among  the  early  law}  ers.     But  he  was  wedded 


LUCAS  BENCH  AND  BAR. 


517 


to  politics.  His  great  delight  was  in  ;i  political 
encounter,  and  he  was  ambitions  to  an  ex- 
treme for  political  preferment. 

Hill  ])ossessed  more  than  most  of  nieii  the  two 
qualities — intense  industrj'  and  acuteness. 
His  scent  was  as  keen  as  a  hunter's.  His 
labor  and  toil  in  his  cases  were  continuous,  and 
necessarily  his  success  uas  phenomenal.  Out- 
side his  profession  he  had  two  hobbies — the 
Public  Schools  and  the  Military.  In  the  first, 
he  was  very  useful,  and  contributed  much  to 
the  j)erfectiou  of  the  matchless  Schools  of 
Toledo.  For  the  other  he  was  not  particularly 
adapted,  but  freely  gave  his  best  ability  to  his 
country  during  the  War  of  the  Kebellion  as 
an  Adjutant  General  of  the  State  ami  in  the 
tield.  This  incessant  toil  tinally  brolce  him 
down  ]ihj'sicalU'  and  mentally,  and  the  last 
years  of  his  life  were  darkened  by  a  clouded 
intellect  and  saddened  by  physical  ]iain  and 
financial  troubles. 

Andrew  Coffinbury,  who  bore  throughout 
his  life  the  title  of"  Count,"  practiced  law  con- 
tinuously from  1813  until  his  death,  May  11, 
1856.  His  soubriquet  was  tirst  playfull}'  given 
hini  by  his  associates  at  the  Bar,  because  of  a 
supposed  resemblance  to  Count  Puffendorf,  a 
distinguished  German  jurist.  The  "Count" 
was  among  the  early  lawyers  who  "rode  horse- 
back "  over  the  Northwestern  Circuit  (rom 
Mansfield,  where  he  then  lived  ;  and  was 
appointed  Prosecuting  Attorney  at  the  term 
ol'  Court  in  the  Spring  of  183G  held  in  Lucas 
County.  He  was  a  man  of  rare  attainments, 
genial  and  affable  at  all  times,  and  much 
beloved  by  his  brethren.  He  moved  to  Perrys- 
burg  about  1839,  and  in  1841  entered  into  a 
partnership  with  his  son,  James  M.  Coffinbury, 
then  just  admitted  to  practice,  and  who  opened 
the  office  for  the  firm's  practice  at  Maumee 
City.  James  was  elected  Prosecuting  Attor- 
ner  for  this  County  the  same  year,  and  held 
the  office  for  several  succeeding  years.  He 
moved  to  Findlay  in  1845,  and  in  connection 
with  his  practice,  edited  the  Findlay  Herald 
for  about  10  years.  From  there  he  went  to 
Cleveland  in  1855.  He  was  severely  injured  in 
1875  by  his  carriage  being  struck  by  a  li'eight 
train  which  resulted  in  the  loss  of  one  of  his 
legs.  In  January,  1841,  he  married  Miss 
Anna  M.  Gleason,  of  Lucas  County.  He  was 
nominated  by  the  Democrats  of  Cuyahoga 
County  several  times  for  member  of  Congress 
and  Common  Pleas  Judge.  In  1861  he  was 
electied  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas, 
and  held  the  office  five  years. 

John  Fitch  was  born  in  Schodac,  Rennsse- 
laer  County,  New  York,  February  16,  1806. 
His  ancestors  played  an  important  part  in 
American  History  by  having  descended  from 
Thomas  Fitch,  Chief  Justice  and  Colonial 
Governor  of  the  Colony  of  Connecticut  under 
George  III.  His  grandfather,  Thomas  Filch, 
was   a  Colonel   in  the   Eevolutionary    Army. 


He  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  Albany,  New 
York,  after  reading  in  the  office  of  Thomas  B. 
Ludlow  of  Nassau,  in  his  native  Count}-,  and 
of  James  Lynch  of  New  York  City.  In  the  fall 
of  1836  he  moved  to  Toledo,  and  was  elected 
Priisccuting  Attorne\'  i\\('  first  tei'm  at  wliicii 
he  aiipeared  as  a  jiractitioner  in  our  (Courts,  a 
position  which  he  held  for  aiiumber  of  years. 
He  was  a  terror  to  the  criminal  classes  wlniin 
he  was  called  to  pi'o.secute.  A  keen,  skillful 
lawyer,  he  left  no  loojj-holes  for  escape.  He 
rose  rapidly  to  distinction  at  the  Bar,  and  in 
1854  was  elected  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Com- 
mon Pleas,  taking  his  .seat  February  9,  1855, 
an  was  twice  re  elected,  retiring  in  187tl,  after 
serving  with  distinction  for  15  years.  Like 
his  early  associates.  Judge  Potter  and  ilr. 
Young,  he  has  passed  his  82il  year  and  is  still 
living  in  our  midst.  Ujion  his  retirement  from 
the  Bench  resolutions  of  very  complimentary 
character  were  passed  by  the  Bar. 

Of  the  very  earliest  residents  of  Toledo, 
scarcely  one  attained  to  more  honorable  jirom- 
inence  than  did  George  B.  Way.  Born  in 
Baltimore,  May  5,  1811,  he  attended  both-  Yale 
College  and  Miami  IJniversity,  Ohio;  was 
admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1832  ;  opened  an  office 
at  Urbana;  was  married  with  Miss  McCon  in 
1834;  and  came  to  Toledo  in  1835,  at  the 
solicitation  of  several  jiarties  interested  in  the 
place.  Mr.  Way  in  1836  took  charge  of  a 
printing  pre.ss  and  materials,  which  had  been 
provided,  and  started  a  news|iaper  which  was 
named  tlie  Toledo  Blade,  the  first  number  of 
which  was  issued  in  the  fall  of  I83(i.  At  the 
same  time  Mr.  Wa}'  opened  an  office  for  the 
practice  of  his  profession,  which  led  to  early 
success.  During  the  first  three  years  of  the 
Blade,  Toledo  was  the  abode  of  .several  gentle- 
men of  fine  literary  attainment,  who  were 
interested  in  City  real  estate.  Among  the.se 
were  Joseph  R.  Williams  and  Pierre  M.  Irving, 
thelattera  nejjhew  of  Washington  Irving,  who 
from  time  to  time  contributed  to  the  columns 
of  the  newspajjer.  The  credit  of  conferring  the 
name  upon  the  Blade,  seems  to  have  been 
claimed  for  two  parties — Mr  Way  and  Mr. 
Williams.  A  writer  in  Livingston's  Law  Jour- 
nal in  1858,  in  a  biogi'uphical  sketch  of  Mr. 
Way  stated  that  he  named  the  paper,  while 
Mr.  Williams,  in  an  article  in  the  Blade  of 
October  17,  1853,  claimed  such  act  as  his,  giving 
particulars. 

Soon  after  his  arrival  in  Toledo,  Mr.  Way 
formed  a  partnership  with  Richard  Cooke,  a 
young  lawyer  from  Connecticut,  who  died  in 
1839,  ver}'  highlj'  respected.  Mr.  Way  then 
entered  into  like  connection  with  Daniel 
McBain,  now  (1888)  a  resident  of  Chicago, 
which  continued  until  Mr.  Wa}-  left  Toledo,  in 
1846.  He  had  been  the  Mayor  and  a  Council- 
man of  the  Citj'.  Going  to  Defiance,  he  be- 
came a  partner  with  Wm.  Sheffield  in  practice. 
In  the  winter  of  1847-8,  Mr.  Way  was  elected 


618 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


President  Judge  of  Common  Pleas  Court  for 
the  District,  and  continued  as  such  until  the 
office  was  abolished  by    new    Constitution    in 

1851. 

In  1838,  two  young  men  came  from  Norwalk 
to  Toledo,  and  in  a  card  announced  tlieir  inten- 
tion there  to  i)ractice  law.  They  were  John  R. 
Oshorn  and  Myron  H.  Tiden.  The  firm  was 
Tildon  ct  Osborn,  and  it  at  once  assumed  a 
l)rominent  place  in  the  profession.  Mr.  Osborn, 
however,  did  not  remain  long  here  at  that 
time.  He  had  s(!rved  a.s  Clerk  of  the  Senate 
of  tlie  State  for  the  session  of  1837-8.  In  the 
fall  of  1839  he  returned  to  Norwalk.  There  he 
entered  into  a  partnership  with  Courtland  L. 
Latimer,  under  the  firm  name  of  Latimer  & 
Osborn.  In  November  of  that  year  he  was 
married  at  Columbus,  with  Miss  Elizabeth  P. 
Hartwell,  a  most  accomplished  and  estimable 
woman  who  was  universally  beloved  during 
the  40  odd  years  of  their  married  life,  when. 
she  was  called  to  her  Maker. 

Mr.  Osborn  was  born  at  Circleville,  Ohio, 
April  1,  1813.  He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Ealph 
Osborn,  who  was  Auditor  of  State  from  1816 
to  1833,  and  quite  prominent  in  State  affairs 
at  that  period.  Mr.  Osborn  graduated  at  the 
Ohio  University  at  Athens  in  the  fall  of  1831, 
and  entered  the  Law  Department  of  Transyl- 
vania University  at  Lexington,  Kentucky. 
He  was  also  a  member  of  the  first  class  of  the 
Law  School  at  Cincinnati,  under  the  instruc- 
tion of  Judge  John  C.  Wright  and  Timothy 
Walker ;  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  at  a  terra  of 
the  Supreme  Court  held  in  Jack.son  Countj-,  in 
April,  1834.  He  moved  to  Norwalk,  Huron 
County,  in  the  fall  of  1835,  and  there  formed 
a  partnership  with  Orris  Parish,  then  one  of 
the  prominent  lawyers  of  Columbus.  It  was 
during  this  time  that  Mr.  Parish  and  Judge 
Higgins,  elsewhere  mentioned,  got  into  a  con- 
troversy that  resulted  in  Parish's  imprison- 
ment. It  arose  in  a  criminal  case,  and  during 
the  day  there  was  a  continual  friction  between 
the  Judge  and  the  Attorne)'.  Just  before  the 
evening  adjournment.  Judge  Higgins  lost  all 
control  of  himself,  and  ordered  Parish  to  be 
impri.soned  over  night  in  the  County  jail.  The 
Bar  sj'mpatliized  with  the  Attorney,  and  in 
procession  marched  with  him  to  the  jail, 
spending  the  night  with  him  in  high  carnival, 
and  in  the  morning  forming  an  escort  of  honor 
back  to  the  Court.  Mr.  Osborn  was  a  Whig 
in  polities  until  the  formation  of  the  Republi- 
can party,  since  which  time  he  has  been  its 
very  earnest  surporter.  He  took  an  active 
part  in  the  Harrison  campaign  of  1840,  was 
elected  to  the  Senate  from  the  District  com- 
posed of  Huron  and  Erie  counties  in  1844, 
and  was  elected  Prosecuting  Attorney  of 
Huron  County  for  successive  terms  of  about 
seven  years.  He  was  a  delegate  to  the  Repub- 
lican National  Convention  of  1856,  after  which 
he  returned  to  Toledo  and  has  ever  since  con- 


tinued to  practice  here.  He  was  invited  in 
1854,  by  the  syndicate  organizing  the  Wabash 
Railway  System  to  take  charge  of  the  legal 
department  of  that  system  for  the  State  of 
Ohio;  prepared  the  articles  of  incorporation, 
the  first  bonds  and  moi-tgage  which  were 
issued;  and  has  had  and  still  has  charge  of 
the  legal  business  of  the  Company.  From 
1870  to  1870  he  was  in  partnershi])  with 
General  Wager  Swayne,  the  eldest  son  of  the 
late  Judge  Noah  H.  Swayne,  elsewhere  men- 
tioned, under  the  firm  name  of  Osborn  & 
Swayne;  and  in  1883  formed  a  partnership 
with  his  nephew,  Alexander  L.  Smith,  which 
continues  at  this  date.  Mr.  Orborn  is  the  oldest 
lawyer  in  active  practice  in  the  Countj%  it 
being  now  nearly  54  years  since  his  admission. 
He  is  in  the  76th  j'ear  of  his  age,  and  except  a 
failing  sight,  is  in  excellent  health. 

Judge  Tildeu  was  born  in  Central  New 
York,  August  15,  1814.  and  was  the  son  of 
Dr.  Myron  W.  Holmes,  who  died  before  the 
birth  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  When  three 
years  of  age  the  familj'  came  to  Ohio,  settling 
in  Huron  County,  where  he  was  adopted  by 
Dr.  Daniel  Tilden,  a  pioneer  Phj^sician,  who.se 
name  was  given  him.  He  was  educated  at 
Norwalk  Seminary,  meantime  devoting  his 
spare  moments  to  the  reading  of  standard 
literature.  In  1833  he  entered  the  law  office  of 
Thaddeus  B.  Sturgis,  then  a  leading  lawyer  of 
Norwalk,  and  completed  his  reading  in  the 
office  of  Judge  Lane,  then  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court.  Mr.  Tildeu  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in 
1835.  In  1833,  in  connection  with  John  Ken- 
nan  (yet  of  Norwalk),  he  started  a  newspaper, 
the  Western  Intelligencer,  at  Norwalk,  which 
was  ere  long  removed  to  Milan.  Mr.  Tilden 
commenced  practice  at  Norwalk,  with  fair  suc- 
cess, but  seeking  a  larger  field,  he  removed  to 
Toledo,  where,  as  alreadj-  stated,  he  formed  a 
partnership  with  Mr.  Osborn,  who  returned  to 
Norwalk  in  1839.  Soon  thereafter  C.  W.  Hill, 
and  ere  long  Henry  Bennett,  became  associated 
with  Mr.  Tilden.  In  1839  Mr.  Tilden  was 
elected  to  the  City  Council,  and  in  1840  as 
Mayor,  and  re-elected  in  1842,  serving  in  the 
latter  position  for  four  years.  In  1842  he  was 
the  Whig  candidate  for  Congress,  though, 
owing  to  a  strong  Democratic  majority,  he  was 
not  elected.  In  1843,  he  was  chosen  President 
Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas  District,  serving 
as  such  until  his  resignation  in  1847.  Soon 
after  this,  in  order  to  protect  his  interests  as  a 
stockholder  in  the  Steamboat  Indiana,  he 
bought  that  craft,  and  ran  it  for  two  seasons. 
Not  long  thereafter  he  resumed  practice,  with 
Wm.  Baker  as  partner.  In  1850  he  removed 
to  Cincinnati.  There  he  continued  his  practice, 
in  association  with  dift'erent  law^-ers.  In  1851 
he  wasa]3pointed  Professor  of  Equity  Jurispru- 
dence in  the  Law  School  of  Cincinnati  t'oUege, 
serving  as  such  for  10  years.  In  1873  he  was 
appointed  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  Ciu- 


LUCAS  BENCH  AND  BAR. 


519 


einnati,  and  was  susequently  elected  to  I  ho 
same.  His  term  haviua;  closed,  he  rosiiiucd 
practice,  which  was  large  and  lucrative.  Out- 
side his  profession,  he  always  maintained  a 
l)roniiiieut  ami  useful  ]ihice  in  social,  lit,erar_y, 
business  and  other  relations.  Politically,  he 
was  formerly  a  Whig,  hiilsuhsequeutly  became 
a  War  Democrat,  and  actiMl  mainly  with  the 
Democratic  party.  He  still  resides  in  ('incin- 
nati,  l)ut  from  physical  infirmities,  is  no  Ioniser 
able  to  continue  his  practice.*  Julyl,  1835,  he 
was  married  at  Norwalk,  with  Miss  Louisa 
Morse,  a  sister  of  Howard  Morse,  of  the  firm  of 
Poag  &  Morse,  Wholesale  Merchants  at  Toledo 
at  an  early  date.  Judge  Tilden  had  fbu.- chil- 
di'en,  three  sons  and  one  daughter. 

In  the  fiill  of  1837,  there  appeared  the  pro- 
fessional card  of  Swayne  &  Benjamin  1.  Brown, 
who  opened  an  office  at  Toledo;  Swayne  then 
living  at  Columbus,  and  Brown  living  here  and 
attending  to  the  Toledo  business  of  the  firm. 
Judge  Swaj'ne  became  interested  largely  in 
Toledo  real  estate,  which  he  held  foi-  many 
years,  having  great  faith  in  its  future.  As  an 
Associate  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
United  States,  he  became  known  tliroughout 
the  whole  country  as  an  able  lawj'er,  an  upright 
Judire  and  a  man  of  sterling  worth.  Two  of 
his  sons,  Noah  H.  Swayne,  Jr.,  and  Frank  B. 
Swayne,  are  now  practicing  in  Toledo  with 
success,  and  are  both  good  lawyers  and  estima- 
ble gentlemen.  His  eldest  son.  General  Wager 
Swayne,  who  also  practiced  liere  for  a  number 
of  years,  is  now  a  member  of  the  firm  ot  Dillon 
&  Swayne,  New  York  City. 

Caleb  V.  Abbott  was  one  of  the  early  settlers 
in  Toledo.  He  came  from  Massachusetts,  was 
a  graduate  of  Harvard,  and  always  jirided  him- 
self on  his  New  England  birth  and  education. 
He  was  a  painstaking  and  industrious  lawyer, 
an  intense  Whig,  an  ardent  admirer  of  Henry 
Clay,  and  greatly  in  love  with  jjolitics.  In  a 
convention  to  choose  delegates  to  a  State  Con- 
vention, the  question  as  to  the  people's  choice 
between  Clay  and  Harrison  for  President,  he 
exclaimed,  "Who  is  this  General  Harrison?" 
He  became,  however,  a  warm  supporter  of  that 
gentleman  after  his  nomination.  Mr.  Abbott 
died  in  April,  1855,  and  a  meeting  of  the  Bar 
was  held  to  take  action  on  the  occasion,  when 
there  was  present,  M.  IJ.  Waite,  iS.  M.  Young, 
Daniel  J\lcBain,  C.  W.  Hill,  James  J.  French, 
R.  C.  Lemmon,  Ira  E.  Lee,  A.  G.  Clark,  II.  S. 
Commager,  Charles  Dodge,  L.  S.  Lounsbury, 
J.  L.  Fuller,  M.  O.  Higgins,  J.  J.  Manor,  Chas. 
Pratt,  William  Baker,  H.  L.  Hosmer,  Ed.son 
Allen,  F.  A.  Jones,  B.  W.  Rouse,  John  C.  Ep.sy, 
J.  H.  Campbell. 

At  the  time  of  the  organization  of  the  County 
Henry  Bennett  resided  at  Perrysburg,  Wood 
Count}',  but  subsequently  removed  to  Toledo 
and  formed  a  partnership  with  Charles  W. 
Hill,  which  lasted  but  a  short  time.     He  cou- 

« Judge  Tilden  died  in  1888. 


tinned  to  practice  for  a  number  of  years,  but 
quit  the  profession  some  3(1  years  since,  devoting 
his  time  to  other  jjui'suits.  He  died  during 
the  past  year,  at  the  age  of  —  j'ears.  He  had 
lived  in  retirement  from  active  business  for 
maTiy  yi'ars,  enjoying  a  comfortable  income. 
He  was  an  amiable,  even  tem])ercd  gc^nlleman 
of  the  old  school,  at  peace  witli  the  world,  and 
)H)ssessing  the  confidence  of  the  community  in 
an  unusual  degree. 

Among  the  lawyers  practicing  here  in  1854, 
was  Judge  Thomas  M.  Cooley,  subsequently 
for  so  many  years  on  the  Bench  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Michigan,  Professor  in  the  Michigan 
University  at  Ann  Arbor,  now  a  member  of 
the  Inter-State  Commerce  Commission,  and 
author  of  many  valuable  te.xt-books,  among 
them  being  "  Taxation,  Constitutional  Limita- 
tions, Torts,"  etc.  He  was  in  1S54  the  Demo- 
cratic nominee  for  Judge  of  Common  Pleas, 
against  John  Fitch,  candidate  of  the  "Anti- 
Nebi-aska,"  since  the  Republican  party,  who 
was  elected.  vSoon  after  that  time  Mr.  Coolej' 
returned  to  Michigan,  finally  making  his  home 
at  Ann  Arbor. 

Frederick  A.  Jones  died  in  Toledo,  February 
8,  1873.  He  was  born  at  Gi-afton,  Lorain 
County,  October  10,  1823;  received  his  educa- 
tion at  Norwalk,  Oberlin,  and  Granville;  and 
was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1849,  about  which 
time  he  was  married  with  Miss  Delia  S.  Case, 
of  Granville,  Ohio.  For  a  time,  he  taught 
School  at  Jacksi;)n,  Mississippi,  but  soon  re- 
turned to  the  North  and  practiced  law  at  Gran, 
ville  until  coming  to  Toledo  in  1853,  where  he 
continued  his  practice,  having  at  different  times 
M.  O.  Higgins  and  J.  M.  Ritchie  as  partners. 
In  1860  he  was  elected  Probate  Judge  and  was 
serving  on  his  fourth  term  at  the  time  of  his 
death.     He  left  a  wife  and  two  children. 

Charles  B.  Perigo  was  a  native  of  Otsego 
Count}-,  New  York,  and  came  to  Toledo  in 
1844,  entering  the  law  office  of  Hill  &  Bennett 
as  a  student,  and  became  a  memljer  of  the  fii-m 
as  soon  as  his  term  of  study  was  completed, 
which  position  he  held  at  the  time  of  his  death 
from  consumption,  January  27,  1857,  aged  33 
years.  His  illness  was  long.  He  was  "a  man 
of  strict  integrit}',  pure  morals  and  correct 
habits,  a  good  citizen  and  a  kind  friend,  a  de- 
voted husband  and  parent."  He  left  a  wife 
and  three  children. 

I  am  unable  to  give  a  complete  list  of  the 
lawyers  who  have  practiced  in  the  Lucas 
Count}-  Bar.  A  list  of  those  practicing  at  this 
date  will  be  given  hereafter.  At  a  meeting  of 
the  Bar  held  in  November,  1851,  to  take  action 
of  a  complimentary  nature  on  the  retirement 
of  Judge  B.  B.  Sadler,  there  were  present  John 
Fitch,  Caleb  F.  Abbott,  Ira  E.  Lee,  William  H. 
Hall,  Daniel  ^IcBain,  E.  P.  Bassctt,  11.  S.  Com- 
mager, Edward  Bissell,  Ji.,  l)aniel  O.  -Morton, 
Charles  Dodge,  Charles  M.  Dorr,  William 
Baker,  John  J.    Manor,   Edson   Allen,  M.  R. 


520 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LDCAS  COVNTY. 


Waite,  H.  F.  Waite,  A.  G.  Clark,  Samuel  M. 
Young,  John  C.  Espy,  Charles  E.  Perigo,  Henry 
Bennett,  Chas.  W. 'Hill,  A.  C.  Harris,  P.  E. 
Latimer,  B.  W.  Rouse,  Henry  Reed,  Jr.,  J. 
Baron  Davis,  Hiram  Clark,  James  M.  Coffin- 
bury,  11.  C.  Stowell,  P'raiiklin  Johnson. 

To  these  names  may  be  ailcied  as  being  here 
then,  or  coming  not  long  thereafter,  Charles 
Pratt,  Frecleric'U  A.  Jones,  M.  ().  Higgins,  N. 
W.  Daniels,  James  J.  French,  ii.  C.  Leramon, 
Dennis  Foley,  Michael  B.  Doyle,  Seraphim 
Meyer,  Henry  T.  Bissell,  Joini  Ray,  (ieorge  R. 
Haynes,  Josiah  F.  Price,  Charles  C.  Starr, 
Edward  A.  Durbin,  Richard  Waite,  James  M. 
Ritchie,  Thomas  Dunlap,  James  W.  McKimm, 
John  L.  Johnston,  Andrew  M.  Blake,  William 
H.  Gorrill,  Charles  H.  Gorrill,  Rmmett  S.  Latty, 
Angus  Mcintosh,  Russell  W.  Livermore. 

The  prominent  and  active  part  taken  by 
Edward  Bissell,  senior,  in  the  earlier  history  of 
Toledo,  is  referred  to  elsewhere.  His  son,  Ed- 
ward junior,  was  educated  at  Yale  College,  and 
began  the  practice  of  law  in  Toledo  in  1849, 
after  serving  as  a  volunteer  in  the  war  with 
Mexico,  184(!-48.  He  has  been  one  of  the 
leading  and  most  successful  lawyers  at  the  Bar 
ever  since.  His  chief  characteristic  is  the 
absolute  thoroughness  with  which  he  ])repares 
every  case  and  every  act  connected  with  his 
professional  work.  He  is  one  of  the  thorough 
scholars  connected  with  the  profession.  In 
1864  he  lormed  a  partnership  with  William  H. 
Gorrill,  John  H.  Doyle  and  W.  S.  Thurstin, 
under  the  Arm  name  of  Bissell  &  Gorrill.  The 
members  of  this  firm  have  changed  many  times 
since.  Mr.  Gorrill  died  in  Calilornia  with  con- 
sumption, in  1874.  Judge  Doyle  left  the  firm 
and  went  on  the  Bench  in  1879,  but  Mr.  Bissell 
never  would  consent  to  have  the  firm  name 
changed,  and  it  stands  the  same  to-day.  Mr. 
Bi8.sell  was  married  in  18(12  with  Miss  Sarah  A. 
Secor,  a  sister  of  Joseph  K.  and  James  Seeor, 
prominent  wholesale  merchants  of  Toledo. 
They  have  five  children,  Frederick,  Maurice, 
Herbei't,  Walter  and  Charlotte. 

William  H.  Gorrill  died  at  Oakland,  Cali- 
fornia, in  September,  1874,  ageil  38  years.  He 
was  born  at  Bowling  Green,  Wood  County, 
in  183(5,  where  he  was  raised  and  received  his 
education  until  his  entrance  at  Michigan  Uni- 
versitj',  where  he  was  graduated  from  the  legal 
course  in  1862.  Coming  to  Toledo,  he  formed 
a  partnership  with  Edward  Bissell,  Jr.,  and 
soon  was  on  his  way  to  pernuinent  eminence 
and  success  at  the  Bar,  when  disease  of  a  pul- 
monary character  developed  itself  in  increasing 
force.  Hoping  by  such  change  of  habit  to  stay 
the  progress  of  the  enemy,  he  sought  exercise 
in  trips  ou  the  Lakes  and  RWers,  on  which 
occasions  he  corresponded  freely  and  very 
acceptably  for  the  Toledo  Commercial.  In  1869, 
he  sought  health  in  California,  where  he  estab- 
lished the  Pacific  Bridge  Company,  which 
arrangement  was  successful  in  a  business  way, 


and  for  atime  promised  confirmed  improvement 
in  health  ;  but  this  was  onl}' temporary,  as  the 
result  showed.  He  left  a  wife  (a  daughter  of 
Judge  Walker  of  St.  Clair,  Michigan),  and  one 
child.  Few  young  men  have  entei-ed  active 
life  with  higher  promise  both  of  business  success 
and  per.sonal  honor  and  usefulness,  than  did 
Mr.  Gorrill. 

Henry  S.  Commager,  of  Toledo,  died  at  Gal- 
veston, Texas,  of  yellow  fever,  August  14,  1867. 
He  was  there  in  the  capacity  of  an  Internal 
Revenue  officer.  lie  came  to  Otsego,  Wood' 
County,  in  1838,  when  quite  j'oung,  and  there 
was  married  with  a  daughter  of  David  Heilges. 
In  1841  he  entered  the  office  of  Young  and 
Waite,  at  Maumee,  as  a  student  at  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1842;  commenced  prac- 
tice at  Maumee;  went  to  Toledo  in  1852,  and 
was  the  Democratic  candidate  for  Congress  in 
1854,  his  opponent  being  Richard  Mott,  the 
Anti-Nebraska  or  Republican  candidate,  who 
was  elected.  Mr.  Commager  was  among  the 
first  citizens  of  Lucas  County  to  volunteer  for 
the  defense  of  the  Union,  in  1861,  enlistingfirst 
as  a  private  in  the  Fourteenth,  and  subse- 
quently in  the  Sixty-Seventh  Regiment,  of 
which  latter  he  was  Major  and  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  ;  and  afterwards  Colonel  of  the  One 
Hundred  and  Eighty-Ninth  Regiment.  In 
1866,  he  was  again  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  Congress,  when  he  ran  800  ahead  of  the 
party  ticket,  though  not  elected.  He  led  the 
Sixty-Seventh  Regiment  to  the  dreadful  charge 
at  Fort  Wagner,  Charleston  Harbor,  July,  1863, 
where  he  was  severely  wounded.  As  a  citizen 
he  had  a  large  circle  of  friends.  Judge  David 
H.  Commager  is  a  son  of  General  Com- 
mager. 

Charles  M.  Dorr  was  among  the  earliest  law- 
students  of  Toledo,  as  he  was  for  thirty  years 
prominent  in  political  and  public  affairs.  He 
was  born  in  Hoosac,  New  York,  in  1815,  and 
came  to  Toledo  in  1838;  read  law  there  with 
John  Fitch  ;  was  admitted  to  pi-actice  in  1839; 
elected  to  the  City  Council  in  1847,  and  again 
in  1849;  elected  Mayor  of  the  City  in  1851, 
'53,  '55,  '57  and  '65.  He  was  a  man  of  genial 
tem])erament  and  marked  personal  popularity, 
as  indicated  by  the  elective  positions  held  by 
him.  He  died  suddenly  of  apoplexy,  April 
20,  1870,  aged  55  years.  October  5,  1841  he 
was  married  at  'Toledo,  with  Miss  Caroline 
Hertzler,  daughter  of  Christian  Hertzler,  who 
yet  survives  him,  as  do  five  of  six  children. 

James  M.  Whitney  died  at  Toledo,  February 
7,  1874.  Born  in  Salem,  Washington  County, 
New  York,  November  9,  1802;  he  was  married 
in  1829,  with  Lovinia  Remell,  who  died  April 
5,  1862.  February  8,  1863,  he  was  married 
with  Imogene  Nicholas,  at  Mt.  Vernon,  Ohio, 
who  with  one  child  survives  him.  With  his 
father-in-law,  Mr.  Whitney  came  to  Toledo  in 
1831,  and  build  a  log  house  near  the 
present  residence  of  Henry  Philipps,  corner  of 


LVCAS  BENCH  AND  BAR. 


521 


Bancroft  and  Fulton  streets,  Mr.  Salmon  H. 
Keeler,  then  and  now  a  resident  of  Toledo, 
aiding  in  the  erection  of  tlic  buildinj;;;.  Mr. 
Whitney  subsequently  practiced  law,  and 
about  185-t  engaged  in  the  Hardware  trade. 
He  was  one  of  the  first  Justices  of  the  Peace 
in  the  County,  holding  the  position  for  several 
years.  He  was  a  man  of  genial  disposition 
and  had  many  friends.  His  health  had  been 
poor  for  some  time,  and  he  died  from  paralysis. 

James  M.  Ritchie  was  born  in  Dunfermline, 
Scotland,  July  28,  1829,  and  came  with  his 
parents  to  the  United  States  in  1832.  In  1852 
he  removed  to  Lorain  Count}',  Ohio,  and  there 
taught  school.  He  was  elected  Justice  of  the 
Peace  in  1854  on  the  "  Anti-Nebraska  "  issue, 
and  commenced  the  study  of  the  law,  and  in 
1857  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  this  County, 
and  permanently  removed  here  in  September, 
1858.  He  was  elected  Judge  of  the  Police 
Court  in  1867,  and  after  holding  the  office  about 
a  year  and  a  half  resigned,  to  resume  the  prac- 
tice. He  was  a  delegate  to  the  Republican 
National  Convention  in  1880  that  nominated 
Garfield  for  President,  and  in  the  fall  of  that 
year  was  nominated  for  Congress  and  elected, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  4:7th  Congress. 
He  is  now  actively  engaged  in  the  practice, 
is  a  thorough  student,  a  lover  of  books,  and 
an  orator  of  considerable  polish  and  power. 
In  criminal  cases  he  has  been  unusually  suc- 
cessful. 

Charles  Kent  has  been  in  active  practice 
since  1850,  and  is  still,  in  partnership  with  his 
son,  Charles  E.  Kent,  an  active  member  of  the 
Bar,  although  now  somewhat  impaired  in 
health.  The  old  firm  of  Bassett  &  Kent  was 
long  a  leading  one  in  the  profession.  It  was 
succeeded  by  Kent  &  Newton,  and  later  by 
Kent,  Newton  &  Pugsley,  and  commanded 
more  than  the  average  business  and  confidence. 
Mr.  Kent  has  borne  the  reputation  fbra  quarter 
of  a  century  of  being  one  of  the  ablest  Iaw3-er8 
that  we  have  had  in  our  local  Bar.  His  first 
partner  here,  Edward  P.  Bassett,  still  lives  in 
our  midst,  but  an  impaired  hearing  and  feeble 
liealth  have  compelled  him  to  abandon  active 
duties.  John  T.  Newton,  for  many  years  his 
successor  in  the  firm,  has  also  practically  re- 
tired from  the  practice  and  devotes  himself  to 
the  care  of  an  ample  fortune,  which  he  has 
been  more  successful  in  accumulating  than  the 
majority  of  his  brethren.  The  other  member 
of  the  firm.  Judge  Isaac  P.  Pugsley,  was  ap- 
pointed Judge,  as  before  stated,  upon  the  ele- 
vation of  Judge  Doyle  to  the  Supreme  Court, 
and  was  at  the  election  in  November,  1887, 
chosen  as  Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas  Court 
for  five  years,  to  succeed  Judge  Pike. 

Judge  Joshua  R.  Seney,  who  served  part  of 
a  term  as  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas, 
and  resigned  to  resume  the  practice,  which  he 
preferred,  is  a  native  of  Seneca  County,  and 
came  to  Toledo  in  1864.     He  has  been  and  still 

34 


is  a  prominent  member  of  the  Bar,  and  an  affa- 
ble and  courteous  gentleman. 

Judge  William  A.  Collins  is  still  in  active 
and  general  practice,  enjoying,  as  he  always 
has,  the  confidence  of  his  brethren  and  clients. 
He  was  an  incorruptible  and  learned  Judge, 
and  is  distinguished  for  his  ability  and  integrity 
as  a  lawyer. 

Charles  H.  Scribuer  was  a  leading  lawyer  in 
Knox  County  for  20  years  before  removing  to 
Toledo,  in  1869.  In  1867  he  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  and  Chairman  of  the  Com- 
mittee that  prepared  the  Municipal  Code  of  the 
State,  and  also  prepared  the  ])refient  Criminal 
Code.  He  is  the  author  of  the  leading  and 
standard  text  book  on  "  The  Law  of  Dower,"  a 
treatise  in  two  volumes,  published  in  1864  and 
1867,  and  recently  republished.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1873,  and  while  serving  was  nominated  by  the 
Democrats  for  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court,  but 
defeated.  In  November,  1887,  he  was  elected 
as  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court,  for  the  Coun- 
ties of  Huron,  Erie,  Ottawa,  Sandusky,  Lucas, 
Wood,  Fulton,  Henry,  Defiance  and  Williams. 
Since  coming  to  Toledo  he  has  had  a  leading 
practice,  and  is  regarded  as  among  the  ablest 
lawyers  at  the  Bar.  He  was  born  near  Nor- 
walk,  Connecticut,  in  1826  ;  was  a]i])renticed  in 
early  life  to  the  saddle  and  harness  trade,  and 
is  in  every  sense  a  self-made  man. 

It  would  be  a  pleasure  to  continue  these 
sketches  of  the  brethren  of  the  Bar,  but  the 
limited  space  allotted  to  this  article  forbids. 
Several  of  the  leading  lawyers  have  extended 
notices  elsewhere.  But  such  men  as  W.  S. 
Thurstin,  Alex.  W.  Scott,  Judge  Pugsley,  Clar- 
ence Brown,  Barton  Smith,  Gilbert  Harmon, 
Emery  D.  Potter,  jr.,  E.  W.  Tolerton,  D.  R. 
Austin,  Richard  Waite,  Charles  T.  Lewis,  A.W. 
Eckert  and  many  others,  whose  names  are 
given  in  the  list  of  practicing  lawyers,  are  none 
the  less  entitled  to  distinction  as  lawyers  of 
ability  and  honor,  than  those  already  noticed. 
I  have  to  some  extent  confined  the  special 
notice  to  those  who  have  been  longest  in  har- 
ness, and  whose  labors  in  the  ordinary  course 
of  events  will  soonest  end  ;  or  to  those  who 
have  already  thrown  off  the  yoke  and  left  a 
memory  which  it  is  a  duty,  as  well  as  a  pleas- 
ure, to  perpetuate. 

MEMBERS  OF  LUCAS   COUNTY  BAR. 

Following  is  a  complete  list  of  the  members 
of  the  Lucas  County  Bar,  those  marked  with  a 
star  (*)  not  being  in  active  practice  : 


*Allen,  Edson. 
Austin,  David  R. 
Austin.  James,  jr. 
Aishley,  Charles  S. 
Alens,  Albert. 
Bissell,  Edward. 
Beckwith,  George  H. 


Brown,  James  M. 
Brown,  Clarence. 
Brnml)ack,  Orville  S. 
Baker,  William. 
Baker,  Rufus  H. 
*Bas8ett.  Edward  P. 
Beeford,  Irvin. 


522 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


Barber,  Jason  A. 
Bunker,  Henry  S. 
Beard,  Philander  C. 
Beard,  Ellsworth  IM. 
Bunn,  Charles, 
Barton,  Kobert  W. 
Beckham,  Carl. 
Collins,  William  A. 
Chase,  John  A. 
Cummings,  Joseph  W. 
Curtis,  Cornelius  S. 
Commager,  David  H. 
Clark,  Albert  G. 
Carjienter,  Clement. 
Crane,  Arthur  P. 
Cochran,  Robert  H. 
Coldham,  Ashton  H. 
Calder,  J.  R. 
Corkerv,  Thomas  J. 
Cook,  D.  F.  (Maumee) 
Doyle,  John  H. 
Dodge,  Charles. 
*Dodge,  Frederick  B. 
Dunlap,  Thomas. 
Dodd,  Ezra  S. 
Everett,  Charles  W. 
Eckert,  Augustus  W. 
Eckert,  Edgar  H. 
Eaton,  Charles. 
Ford,  Joseph  D. 
French,  James  J. 
Farquharson,  Andrew. 
France,  Christian  F. 
Fitch,  John. 
Fuller,  Rathbun. 
Ford.  Samuel  A. 
Geddes,  Frederick  L. 
Greer,  John  T. 
Geer,  B.  T.  (Swanton) 
Hamilton,  J.  Kent. 
Hanahan,  P. 
Hall,  Almon. 
Harris,  Wm.  H. 
Huntsberger,  Isaac  N. 
Harmon,  Gilbert. 
Hurd,  Frank  H. 
Howe,  Henry  E. 
Harrington,  Nathaniel. 
Humphrey,  George  W. 
Ha3'es,  Birchard  A. 
Hill,  Avery  S. 
Haynes,  George  R. 
Hueston,  James  M. 
Hudson,  Preston  C. 
Hunt,  James  E. 
Hone,  Parks. 
Hiett,  Emery  R. 
Hippie,  J. 
Jackson,  Wm.  H. 
Johnson,  C.  F. 
Kumler,  John  F. 
Knisely,  Isaac  E. 
Kent,  Charles. 
Kent,  Charles  E. 
Kinney,  Guy  W. 
Kohn,  Samuel. 
King,  Harry  E. 
Kirby,  George  P. 
Lee,  John  C. 
Lee,  Ira  E. 
Lee,  Henry  E. 
Lemmon,  Reuben  C. 


Lemmon,  Charles  H. 
Lewis,  Charles  T. 
Lang,  Albion  E. 
McKee,  Richard  M. 
Millard,  Irwin  I. 
Macomber,  Albert. 
Moore.  Edward  D. 
McDonnell,  Terrence  J. 
McCTahan,  Patrick  A. 
Morris,  Lindley  W. 
Merrill,  Horace  A. 
Murray,  Jerome. 
Melchers,  Milo. 
*Newton,  John  T. 
Newton,  Eben. 
*Nye,  E.  Dwight. 
Osborn,  John  R. 
Odell,  Morgan  N. 
Parks,  Lysander  K. 
Pilliod,  James  E. 
Pugsley,  Isaac,  P. 
*Potter,  Emery  D. 
Potter,  Emery  D.,  jr. 
Potter,  Erskine  H. 
Pike,  Louis  H. 
Pratt,  Charles. 
Pratt,  Henry  S. 
Piatt,  Harvey  P. 
Poag,  John. 
Raymond,  Erwin  P. 
Read,  W.  H.  A. 
Rouse,  Birdseye  W. 
Rhodes.  Edward  H. 
Rickenbaugh,  Frank  W. 
Richardson,  Louis  G. 
Ritchie,  James  M. 
Ritchie,  Bvron  F. 
Rike,  John  C. 
Reno,  Benjamin  F. 
Seney,  Joshua  R. 
Snider,  Oliver  B. 
Scott,  Alex.  W. 
Smith,  Barton. 
Smith,  Alex.  L. 
Southard,  James  H. 
Southard,  Elisba  B. 
Scribner,  Charles  H. 
Scribner,  Harvey. 
Swayne,  Noah  H. 
Swayne,  Frank  B. 
Sala.  Frank  M. 
Stone,  R.  B. 
Schunk,  Hugh  F. 
Sumner,  Charles  E. 
Thurstin,  Wesley  S. 
Thurston,  Johnson. 
Tracy,  Thomas  S. 
Tolerton,  Elihu  W. 
Tucker,  Wm.  H. 
Thomas,  Daniel  E. 
Waite,  Richard. 
Waite,  Edward  T. 
Wilson,  Arion  E. 
Wilson,  Charles  G. 
Wachenheimer, Lyman  W. 
Wright,  Frank  E. 
Waggoner,  Marshall  O. 
Welister,  William. 
Werr,  C.  L. 
Wilkinson,  L.  H. 
Woodworth,  Charles. 
*Young,  Samuel  M. 


The  total  number  of  members,  November, 
1887,  158. 


The  following  announcement  was  made  soon 
after  the  date  therein  given  : 

Married  at  Willoughbv,  Ohio,' June  8,  1843,  bv 
Rev.  Mr.  Clark,  Hon.  En'iery  D.  Potter,  of  Toledo, 
President  Judge  of  the  13th  Judicial  Circuit,  and 
Miss  Mary  A.,  daughter  of  Thomas  Card,  of  Wil- 
loughby. 

This  event  having  occurred  during  a  term  of 
Court,  the  Bar  deemed  it  proper  to  signalize 
the  same  by  holding  a  festival,  a  report  of 
which  was  prepared  "  for  the  Bar  onlj","  and 
was  not  published  until  some  30  years  there- 
after.    It  vi'as  as  follows  : 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Bar  in  attendance  at  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  Lucas  County,  to  take 
into  consideration  the  present  condition  of  the  Bench 
of  said  County,  "Count"  Coffinbury  was  called  to 
the  Chair. 

On  motion  of  D.  O.  Morton,  which  was  seconded 
by  J.  V.  Spink,  the  meeting  adopted  the  following 
unanimously : 

"  WHERE.A.S,  we  are  informed  that  Judge  Potter,  the 
Presiding  Judge  of  this  Court,  is  about  to  enter  the 
matrimonial  state,  by  which  the  sum  of  his  earthly 
happiness  is  to  be  immeasurably  enhanced  ;  and 

"  Whereas,  so  happy  an  event  is  a  fitting  cause  for 
rejoicing  and  festivity  ;  therefore, 

"  We,  the  undersigned,  members  of  the  Court  and 
Bar,  w'ill  meet  at  Mr.  Neeley's  Hotel,  in  Miami,  this 
(Thursday)  evening,  to  partake  of  a  supper  to  be  pre- 
pared for  the  occasion." 

On  motion,  J.  C.  Spink  and  D.  O.  Morton  were 
appointed  as  Committee  of  Arrangements. 

On  motion,  all  of  the  officers  of  Lucas  County 
were  invited  to  join  said  meeting. 

Andrew  Coffinbury,  Chairman. 

At  9  o'clock  p.  M.,  the  guests  assembled  around 
the  sumptuous  repast  (which  "mine  host"  of  the 
"  Miami  "  knows  how  to  get  up).  James  Myers, 
"  Clerk  of  said  Court,"  was  appointed  President  for 
the  occasion,  and  Morrison  R.  Waite,  Vice-President. 

After  the  supper  was  concluded,  an  ode  (com  posed 
expre.ssly  for  the  occasion  at  the  request  of  the  Bar, 
by  Andrew  Coffinbury)  was  sung  to  the  tune  of 
Auld  Lang  Syne,  by  John  Browulee  and  others,  with 
great  applause.  After  which  the  meeting  were  en- 
tertained with  several  songs,  together  with  the  follow- 
ing toasts; 

By  James  Myers.  Judge  Potter — May  the  issue 
which  he  this  night  joined  result  in  a  long  family 
record. 

By  Henry  Reed,  Jr.  Hon.  E.  D.  Potter— May  his 
subsequent  life  be  as  his  Judicial  career  has  been 
honorable. 

By  John  C.  Spink.  Judge  Potter— May  the  de- 
cision he  has  this  night  made,  never  be  overruled  or 
reversed. 

By  T.  C.  Worder.  The  Bride-By  her  union,  a 
bright  star  has  been  plucked  from  the  galaxy  of  virgin 
loveliness.  May  she  become  a  central  orb,  around 
which  diamonds  of  beauty  may  cluster  in  transcen- 
dent and  glow  ing  effulgence. 

By  D.  F.  Cook.  Judge  Potter— May  the  sttit  he 
has  this  evening  instituted  prove  an  amicable  one. 

By  James  M.  Coflinbury.  Our  President  Judge — 
May  he  prove  as  kind  a  Husband  as  he  is  a  Judge  ; 
and  as  tender  to  his  offspring  as  he  has  been  urbane 
and  gentlemanly  to  the  younger  portion  of  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Bar,  who  have  grown  up  around  him. 


LTJCAS  BENCH  AND  BAR. 


62S 


By  P.  O.  Morton.  After  pome  incidental  remarks 
api)rnpri;ite  to  the  occasion,  he  asked  leave  to  read  a 
sentiment  he  had  cut  from  a  newspaper. 

By  Andrew  Cothnbury.  The  President  of  this 
Judicial  Circuit — Uis  dt'claratiou  is  good,  his  plea 
sound,  his  replicMion  complete,  and  his  ctTrfiVf  happy. 

By  Thomas  Clark  2d.  Mrs.  Potter— May  the 
judgment  she  has  this  night  obtained  never  be  reversed 
by  a  higher  irihiinal. 

By  Benj.  P.  Smith.  The  Associate  Judges  of  Lu- 
cas C'ouuty— They  have  set  the  President  Judge  a 
good  example;  may  he  follow  it. 

By  Horace  F.  Waite.  My  Brother  Bachelors— May 
we  very  soon  file  our  declaration  in  Cupid's  Court ; 
may  love  draw^  up  the  plea,  and  affection  the  rejoinder; 
with  bashfulness  alone  demurring ;  and  the  rerdict  be 
the  loss  of  liberty  ;  wife  the  docket  fee,  and  the  babies 
the  legal  tender  for  costs. 

On  motion  of  Henry  Reed,  Jr.,  the  meeting  ad- 
journed to  the  sitting-room  of  the  Hotel,  when  the 
ode  was  loudly  called  for  ;  after  which  Mr.  Spink  re- 
sponded to  a  call,  rehearsing  a  highly  amusing  patent 
sermon,  in  which  he  delineated  the  style  of  the  pop- 
ular preaching  of  the  day. 

On  motion,  the  meeting  adjourned,  without  date. 
Jajies  Myers,  President. 

M.  R.  Waite,  Vice-President. 

Beside  the  persons  above  named,  F.  L.  Nich- 
ols (then  an  Associate  Judge),  Captain  Amos 
Pratt,  Charles  K.  Scott,  Wm.  Carter  and  H.  T. 
Smith  (Editor  of  the  Maumee  Eiver  Times) 
look  jiart  on  the  occasion.  Of  tliose  named  in 
that  connection,  the  only  ones  now  known  to 
be  living  are  M.  R.  Waite,  Chief  Justice  of  the 
United  States  Supreme  Court  ;  Judge  Potter 
and  F.  L.  Nichols  of  Toledo;  Henry  Reed,  Jr., 
of  California;  D.  F.  Cook,  ol  Maumee;  J.  M. 
Coffinbiiry,  of  Cleveland  ;  and  Wm.  Carter,  of 
Bryan,  Ohio.  Mrs.  Potter  died  very  suddenly 
March  14,  1847,  aged  24.  A  son  ti  months  old 
died  the  day  previous.  The  only  surviving 
child  of  the  mother,  v^as  Emery  D.  Potter,  Jr., 
now  of  Toledo.  Mrs.  Potter  was  highly  es- 
teemed by  a  large  circle  of  friends. 

THE  SUPREME  COURT  OF  OHIO 

As  stated  elsewhere,  the  first  term  of  the 
Supreme  Court  in  Lucas  Connty  at  which  ma- 
terial business  was  transacted,  was  in  1838. 
There  was,  however,  a  short  term  at  which 
some  formal  matters  were  transacted  held  in 
Jul}-,  1837,  presided  over  by  Judges  Ebenezer 
Lane  and  Reuben  Wood  ;  in  1838  the  Court 
was  held  by  Judges  Lane  and  Grimke;  in 
1839,  by  Lane  and  Wood  ;  in  1840,  by  Wood 
and  Peter  Hitchcock  ;  in  1841  and  1842,  no 
session  of  this  Court  was  held  in  this  County. 
In  1843,  it  was  held  by  Wood  and  Matthew 
Burchard  ;  in  1844,  by  Wood  and  Nathaniel  C. 
Reed  ;  in  1845  and  184G,  bj-  Wood  and  Burch- 
ard ;  in  1847  and  1848,  by  Burchard  and  Ed- 
ward Avery  ;  in  1849,  by  Hitchcock  and  Wil- 
liam B.  Caldwell;  in  1850,  by  Hitchcock  and 
Rufus  P.  Spalding;  and  in  1851,  by  Hitchcock 
and  Caldwell. 

The  new  State  Constitution  went  into  effect 
in    1851,  and  the    District  Court  was  created 


which  took  the  place  of  the  old  County  Su- 
preme Court.  The  District  Court  was  held 
in  the  respective  years  b3'tho  following  named 
Judiies.  to  w  it : 


1852,  by  Thomas  W.  Bartley  of  the  Supreme  Court, 
and  Samuel  llumphreyville  and  Lucius  B.  Otis. 
US.'ili,  by  Otis,  Humphreyville  and  Starkweather. 

1854,  by  Otis,  Humphreyville  and  Horace  Foote. 

1855,  by  Otis,  Starkweather.  Fitch  and  Foote. 
185(!,  by  Otis,  Humphreyville  and  Starkweather. 
1857,  by  Thomas  Bolton,   James  S.   Carpenter  and 

Jesse  P.  Bishoii. 
18.58,  by  Sebastian  F.  Taylor,  Carpenter,  Bishop  and 

Foote. 
1859,  by  Foote,  Carpenter  and  Samuel  T.  Worcester. 
18G0,  by  Jacob  Brinkerhoff  of   the   Supreme  Court, 

and  Bolton  and  Foote. 
18(il,  by  Foote,  Worcester,  Bishop  and  Taylor. 
1802,  by  Milton  Sutlifl'of  the  Supreme  Court,  Foote 

and  John  L.  Greene. 
18t)3,  by  Josiah  Scott  of  the  Supreme  Court  (father  of 

Alex.  W.  Scott,  now  of  the  Toledo  Bar),  Bolton, 

and  James  M.  Coftinhury. 
1SG4,  by  William  White  of  the  Supreme  Court,  Foote 

and  Stevenson  Burke. 
18(i5,  by  Foote,  Bolton  and  Coffinbury. 
]8t)(i,  by  Brinkerhoff,  Foote  and  Burke. 
18G7,  by  Luther  Day   of  the   Supreme    Court,  Foote 

and  Samuel  B.  Prentiss. 
1868.  by  Scott,  Foote  and  Prentiss. 
18G9,  by  John  Welch  of  the  Supreme  Court,  Walter 

F.  Stone  and  W.  W.  Boynton. 
1S70,  by  Foote,  Prentiss  and  Boynton. 

1871,  by  Day,  Foote  and  Prentiss. 

1872,  by  Foote,  Charles  E.  Pennewell  and  Samuel  W. 
McClure. 

1873,  by  Foote,  Boynton  and  Robert  F.  Payne. 

1874,  by  Payne,  McClure  and  Darius  Cadwell. 

1875,  by  Prentiss,  McClure  and  Cadwell. 

1876,  by  Prentiss,  Cadwell  and  J.  M.  Jones. 

1877,  by  Prentiss,  Cadwell  and  Jesse  H.  McMath. 
1878-9,  by  Jones,  G.  M.  Barber  and  E.  T.  Hamilton. 

1880,  by  Jones,  Hale  and  Cadwell. 

1881,  by  Barber,  Hamilton  and  S.  E.  Williamson. 

1882,  by  Cadwell,  Jones  and  Henry  McKinney. 
18811,  by  Hamilton,  Barber  and  J.  E.  Ingersoli. 
1884,  by  McKinney,  Jones  and  John  W.  Heisle}'. 

By  an  amendment  to  the  Constitution  adopt- 
ed in  1884,  a  Circuit  Court  was  created,  which 
commenced  in  February,  1885,  when  Judges 
William  H.  Upson,  Charles  C.  Baldwin  and 
George  R.  Haj'nes  were  elected,  and  have  held 
the  Court  here  since  that  date,  two  terras  each 
year  being  held  in  each  County  of  the  Circuit. 

There  were  27  Common  Pleas  Judges  elected 
in  1851,  under  the  Constitution  which  then 
went  into  effect.  Of  these  it  is  believed  that 
the  following  only  are  now  living:  Stanley 
Matthews,  Associate  Justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States;  Judges  Warden 
and  Whitman,  both  ex-Judges  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Ohio  ;  Judge  Bates  of  the  Columbus 
District ;  Judge  Otis  of  our  District ;  and  Judge 
Welker,  who  is  mentioned  in  connection  vvith 
the  Federal  Judiciarj-. 

It  will  be  seen  fi'oni  the  above  record,  that 
Judge  Horace  Foote  of  Cleveland,  hold  District 
Court  in  Lucas  County  in  ItJ  different  years; 
and  that  there  was  not  a  term  of    the  District 


524 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Court  in  this  County  omitted  during  the  exist- 
ence of  that  Court. 

THE  FEDERAL  JUDICIARY. 

By  act  of  Congress,  passed  February  10, 
1855,  the  State  of  Ohio  was  divided  into  two 
Judicial  Districts— the  Northern,  with  the 
Courts  at  Cleveland;  and  the  Southern,  with 
the  Courts  at  Cincinnati. 

In  July,  1870,  an  act  was  passed  providing 
for  the  holding  of  two  terms  of  the  District 
Court  at  Toledo,  annually,  at  such  times  as  the 
District  Judge  should  fix,  but  giving  to  it  no 
term  of  the  Circuit  Court.  Judge  Charles  T. 
Sherman  was  then  the  Judge,  and  held  several 
terms  of  the  District  Court  here.  In  1873  he 
resigned,  and  Martin  Welker  was  appointed  to 
succeed  him  by  President  Grant,  on  the  28th 
of  November,  1873.  Judge  Welker  held  his 
fii-st  term  at  Toledo  in  December  of  that  year, 
and  with  three  terms  at  Cleveland  and  two  at 
Toledo  annually,  has  not  missed  holding  his 
Court  since. 

On  the  8th  of  June,  1878,  by  act  of  Congress, 
the  Northern  District  of  Ohio  was  divided  into 
the  Eastern  and  Western  Subdivisions,  the 
Western  Division  consisting  of  Lucas,  Williams, 
Defiance,  Paulding,  Van  Wert,  Mercer,  Au- 
glaize, Allen,  Putnam,  Henry,  Fulton,  Wood, 
Hancock,  Hardin,  Logan,  Union,  Delaware, 
Marion,  Wyandot,  Seneca,  Sandusky,  Ottawa, 
Erie  and  Huron  Counties.  The  act  required 
all  suits  of  a  local  nature  in  the  Circuit  ttnd 
District  Courts  against  a  single  defendant,  res- 
ident of  the  State,  to  be  brought  in  the  Subdi- 
vision in  which  he  should  reside ;  and  where 
there  were  two  or  more  defendants,  residing  in 
different  Divisions,  permitting  the  action  to 
be  brought  in  either  of  these.  It  made  all  of- 
fenses cognizable  and  indictable  in  the  Division 
where  committed,  and  required  all  Jurors  to  be 
residents  thereof 

This  act  made  Toledo  ajudicial  centre  (or  the 
territory  embraced  in  the  Subdivision.  The 
business  of  the  Court  has  been  very  important, 
and  has  brought  to  our  City  manj'  of  the  lead- 
ing lawyers  of  the  country.  During  the  period 
covered  by  the  .sessions  of  the  Court  at  Toledo, 
the  Eailroads  of  the  country  have  furnished  an 
important  part  of  its  work.  Foreclosures  of 
mortgages,  administration  of  Eailroad  proper- 
ties by  the  instrumentaiit}'  of  Receivers,  and 
the  sale  of  the  property,  have  been  a  part  of 
the  work  of  nearly  every  term.  The  Toledo, 
Cincinnati  and  St.  Louis;  the  Wabash,  St. 
Louis  and  Pacific  ;  the  Ohio  Central  ;  the  Mich- 
igan and  Ohio  ;  the  Toledo  and  Indianapolis, 
and  its  successor,  the  Toledo,  Columbus  and 
Southern,  are  among  the  Eailroad  Companies 
that  have  furnished  such  litigation  in  the  Wes- 
tern Division,  and  have  furnished  a  large  and 
lucrative  business  to  the  legal  profession.  Two 
terms  of  the  District  and    Circuit   Courts   are 


held  annually  at  Toledo  (in  June  and  Decem- 
ber), each  lasting  in  six  to  eight  weeks  of  ac- 
tive work. 

At  the  time  of  the  organization  of  the  West- 
ern Division,  Judge  H.  H.  Emmons  of  Detroit, 
was  the  Judge  of  the  Circu.it  comprising  the 
States  of  Ohio,  Michigan,  Kentucky  and  Ten- 
nessee, but  Judge  Emmons  never  presided  at  To- 
ledo. He  was  succeeded  by  Judge  John  Baxter 
of  Knoxville,  Tennessee,  a  man  of  immense 
energy,  indomitable  will  and  remarkable  abil- 
ity. He  was  somewhat  a  terror  to  the  Bar, 
until  he  became  known  and  his  methods  under- 
stood. He  would  dispose  of  a  case  in  the  most 
arbitrary  manner,  without  hearing  counsel, 
and  often  without  hearing  the  evidence  beyond 
a  point  which  he  thought  decisive.  He  was  no 
respecter  of  persons.  The  most  distinguished 
member  of  the  Bar  had  no  greater  considera- 
tion shown  him  than  the  humblest  and  least 
known.  He  grew  on  the  profession.  As  they 
came  to  recognize  his  wonderful  perception, 
his  impatience  at  the  "  law's  delaj-s''  and  the 
consumption  of  time  by  attorneys  which  he 
deemed  unnecessary,  his  absolute  impartiality 
and  integritj',  the  lawyers  fell  into  his  way  of 
disposing  of  business  contentedly  after  the  first 
few  years,  and  the  remark  would  be  often  made, 
"  He  shoots  quick,  but  very  straight.''  Oft'the 
Bench,  lie  was  genial,  kind  and  sociable,  an  en- 
tertaining talker,  and  fond  of  his  brethren  and 
their  company.  During  the  war  Judge  Baxter 
was  an  uncompromising  and  fearless  friend  of 
the  Union,  and  showed  it  in  many  ways  that  ex- 
hibited his  nerve  and  unconquerable  will  in  a 
place  where  it  was  not  free  from  danger.  He 
died  at  Hot  Springs,  Arkansas,  in  1886,  and 
was  succeeded  by  Judge  Howell  E.  Jackson,  of 
Nashville,  Tennessee,  who  was  tendered  a  com- 
plimentary banquet  by  the  Bar  of  Toledo  on 
his  arrival  here,  at  wliich  Judge  Doyle jiresided, 
and  which  was  largely  attended.  Judge  Jack- 
son won  his  way  quickly  to  the  confidence  of 
the  Bar,  and  is  distinguished  for  his  courtesy, 
his  scholarship  in  the  law,  and  the  patient 
hearing  he  gives  every  case  he  tries. 

Judge  Welker  has  presided  over  both  Courts 
in  the  absence  of  the  Circuit  Judge,  and  has 
done  the  bulk  of  the  business.  His  15  years  of 
judicial  work  on  the  Federal  Bench,  commenc- 
ing as  it  did  at  Toledo,  entitles  him  to  a  place 
in  this  history,  altliough  not  a  resident  of  Lucas 
County.  He  was  born  in  Knox  County,  Ohio, 
April  25,  1819,  was  educated  in  the  District 
Schools  ;  at  the  age  of  18  entered  a  law  office 
in  Millersburg,  Holmes  County,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  practice  in  1841.  He  was  Clerk  of 
the  Courts  of  Holmes  County  from  1846  to  1851. 
In  1848  he  was  nominated  by  the  Whigs  for 
Congress,  but  was  defeated.  In  1851  he  was 
elected  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  in 
the  Sixth  District,  and  served  the  full  term  of 
five  years,  being  renominated  in  1856.  In  1857 
he  was  elected  Lieutenant-Governor  of  Ohio  on 


LUCAS  BENCH  AND  BAR. 


525 


the  ticket  with  Salmon  P.  Cliase,  who  was  at 
the  same  time  elected  Governor.  At  the  break- 
ing out  of  the  War  he  was  appointed  a  Major 
on  the  staif  of  General  J.  D,  Cox;  afterwards 
Judge- Advocate-General  on  the  statF  of  Gover- 
nor Dennison  ;  and  still  later  (1862)  was  As- 
sistant Adjutant-General  of  the  State.  In  the 
same  year  he  was  nominated  for  Congress  in 
the  Wooster  District,  but  defeated  by  36  votes. 
In  1864  he  was  again  nominated  for  Congress 
and  elected  from  the  Fourteenth  Ohio  District, 
serving  in  the  89th  Congress.  He  was  re- 
elected in  1866,  and  again  in  1868,  and  in  No- 
vember, 1873,  as  already  stated,  he  was  ap- 
pointed b^'  President  Grant  District  Judge  for 
the  Northern  District  of  Ohio.  Judge  Welker 
is  in  every  sense  a  self- made  man,  and  his  career 
has  been  a  remarkable  series  of  continued  ad- 
vancements. He  deserves  them  all.  A  scholar 
— largelj'  self-educated,  he  received  the  degree 
of  Doctor  of  Laws  from  the  Wooster  I^niversity, 
in  which  he  is  Professor  of  Political  Science  and 
Constitutional  and  International  Law.  A  states- 
man— he  has  b3-  his  work  in  Congress  made  a 
lasting  and  valuable  re]iutation,  and  as  a  lawyer 
and  jurist  he  has  been  honored  by  a  seat  on  the 
State  and  Federal  Judiciary,  where  his  ripe 
judgment,  his  clear  discernment,  and  his  up- 
right and  pure  character  have  been  of  special 
service  to  the  profession  and  the  litigants  wlio 
come  under  his  jurisdiction. 


MORRISON  REMICK  WAITE  was  born  at 
Lyme,  Connecticut,  November  29,  1816.  His 
father,  Henry  Matson  Waite,  was  also  a  native 
otLyme,  where  he  was  born  February  9,  1787. 
The  father  was  graduated  at  Yale  College,  and 
after  completing  the  study  of  his  pjrofession, 
entered  upon  the  practice  of  the  law  at  Lyme, 
in  which  he  soon  attained  prominent  position. 
He  was  chosen,  successively,  as  Eepresentative 
and  Senator  in  the  Slate  Legislature.  In  1834, 
his  qualities  as  jurist  were  recognized  in  his 
appointment  as  Associate  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Errors  of  Connecticut;  and  subse- 
quently in  liis  unanimous  election  bj'  the  Leg- 
islature to  the  Chief  Justiceship  of  the  State, 
from  which  position  he  was  withdrawn  in  1857, 
by  the  Constitutional  age  limit  of  7(1  jears  for 
incumbents  of  that  office.  The  Waitc  family 
settled  at  Lyme  before  1700,  where  its  members 
have  for  nearly  200  years  held  prominent  posi- 
tions in  difl'erent  spheres  of  active  life.  These 
included  Marvin  Waite,  who,  as  Presidential 
Elector,  cast  a  vote  for  Washinuton  at  his  first 
election  in  1789.  He  was  one  of  the  Commis- 
sioners appointed  to  sell  the  lands  belonging  to 
Connecticut  in  the  Connecticut  Western  Ee- 
serve,  Ohio,  the  proceeds  of  which  sale  now 
constitute  the  Connecticut  School  Fund.  The 
mother  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  a  grand- 
daughter of  Colonel  Samuel  Selden,  commander 
of  a  Connecticut  Eegiment  in  the  Army  of  the 


Revolution  ;  was  made  prisoner  September  17, 
1776,  at  the  evacuation    of  New  York;    died 
October  11th  following,  in  the  "  Old  Provost;'' 
and    was   buried  in  the  old  "Brick  Church" 
yard,  where  the  New  York   Times  office  now 
stands,  his  fellow-prisoners  by  special  permis- 
sion being  allowed  to  attend  his  funeral  in  uni- 
form.    Morrison    E.  Waite  was   graduated  at 
Yale  in  1837,  his  class  including  several  men 
subsequently   of  National  reputation,    among 
whom  were  Wm.   M.  Evarts,  Edwards  Pierre- 
pont  and    Benjamin  Silliman,  Jr.     Samuel  J. 
Tilden    was  of  the  same   class,    though,    from 
poor  health,  was  unable  to  graduate  with  those 
here  named.     Selecting  the  profession  of  the 
law   as    his    life-work,    Mr.  Waite  commenced 
reading    in    his  father's  office  ;    but  accepting 
the  view  then  so   prevalent  at  the  Ea.st  as  to 
wider  and  more  hopeful   fields  for  activity  at 
the  then  "  Far  West,"  he  left  Lyme  in  October, 
1838,  for  the  Maumee  Valley,  settling  at  Mau- 
mee  City.     Here  he  at  once  renewed  his  law 
reading  in  the  office  of  Samuel  M.  Young,  who 
had   preceded   him   to  that  locality    in    1835. 
Upon    his  admission  to  the  Bar  in    1839,  the 
firm  of  Young  &  Waite  was  formed,  the  junior 
at  once  taking  upon  himself  the  larger  portion 
of  detail  in  work.     This  included   much  horse- 
back travel  and  other  severe  labor,  in  attend- 
ance at  Courts  in  other   Counties,  in  the  col- 
lection of  claims  from  scattered   debtors,  and 
other  business.     In  1850,  Mr.  Waite  removed 
to  Toledo,  where  the  firm  opened  an  office  and 
continued  the  practice  until  January, 1856, when, 
upon  the  retirement  of  Mr.  Young,  a  brother, 
Eichard   Waite,   became   a   partner,   and    the 
firm     of    M.    E.    &    E.   Waite     was     formed, 
which  continued  for  a  period  of  18  years,  and 
until  the  senior  was  appointed  Chief  Justice, 
when  it  was  succeeded  by  that  of  E.  &  E.  T. 
Waite,  the  junior  being  a  son  of  the  retiring 
partner,   which    firm   j-et  continues.     Though 
never  a  partisan  in  any  objectionable  sense  of 
the  term,  Mr.  Waite  from  early  life  hadclear  con- 
victions upon  questionsofpublicpolicy,  and  took 
an  active  part  in  support  of  the  same.     A  Whig 
\n  .sentiment,  he  co-operated  with  that  party 
until  it  was  merged  into  the  Eepublican  organ- 
ization in  1854,  since  which   time  he  has  acted 
with  the  latter.     -The  different  public  positions 
held  by  him,  were  all   conferi-ed  without    his 
seeking.     As   shown   by   the    political    record 
elsewhere  given,  he  was  early  active  in  local 
political  affairs.     He  was  first  a  candidate  for 
public  ofiice  in  1846,  as  the  Whig  nominee  for 
Congress,    in    a  strongly    Democratic  district, 
his  opponent,  William  Sawyer,  being  elected. 
In  1849  Mr.  Waite  was  chosen  as  Eepresenta- 
tive to  the  State  Legislature,  serving  in  that 
body  with  special  credit.     He  was  a  candidate 
for  Delegate  to  the   State  Constitutional  Con- 
vention in  1850,  failing  of  an  election  in  conse- 
quence of  tha  strongly  adverse  political  ma- 
jority.    Mr.  Waite'sm'ost  prominent  relation 


528 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


to  political  matters  was  that  held  in  18C2,  and 
was  incident  to  the  question  then  arising  in 
regard  to  the  War  policy  of  the  Government. 
In  common  with  a  large  portion  of  the  Ee- 
publicans  and  many  Democrats  of  the  Toledo 
CongrcMsional  District,  he  was  in  full  sj'mpathy 
with  President  Lincoln's  purpose  to  make  the 
preservation  of  the  Union  through  the  sup- 
pression of  the  Rebellion  the  paramount  end  of 
all  war  measures  in  that  connection.  Opposed 
to  such  policy,  were  a  large  portion  of  the  Re- 
publican party  In  the  District,  who  held  that 
the  abolition  of  Slavery  at  the  South  should  be 
made  a  condition  in  any  terms  for  peace.  As 
a  result  of  such  disagreement,  two  District 
Conventions  were  held,  representing  these  two 
adverse  policies.  The  one  composed  of  Repub- 
licans and  what  were  known  as  War  Demo- 
crats, nominated  Mr.  Waite  for  Congress,  who, 
with  much  hesitation,  accepted  the  position. 
The  other  Convention  selected  James  M.  Ash- 
ley, the  Republican  incumbent,  as  its  candidate. 
While  the  Democrats  of  Lucas,  Wood  and  Ful- 
ton Counties,  with  great  unanimity,  supported 
Mr.  Waite,  the  members  of  that  party  in  the 
other  Counties  of  the  District,  from  considera- 
tions of  party  strategy,  voted  for  a  third  candi- 
date, the  result  being  the  re-election  of  Mr. 
Ashley.  In  Toledo,  Air.  Waite  then  received 
1,806  votes,  out  of  2,447  votes  cast,  while  his 
plurality  in  the  County  was,  1,346,  in  a  total 
vote  of  4, 163.  No  other  popular  endorsement 
of  equal  emphasis  had  V>cen  given  a  citizen  of 
that  County.  Upon  the  refusal  of  Hockirjg 
II.  Hunter  to  accept  the  seat  on  the  State  Su- 
preme Bench,  to  which  he  was  elected  in  1863, 
Governor  Brough  tendered  the  position  to  Mr. 
Waite,  bj'  whom  it  was  declined.  His  reputa- 
tion as  a  .sound  and  able  lawj'er  and  conserva- 
tive citizen  had  become  so  far  National,  that  in 
December,  1871,  President  Grant  selected  him 
as  one  of  the  Counsel  for  the  United  States  in 
the  Arbitration  at  Geneva,  involving  the  settle- 
ment of  what  were  known  as  the  "  Alabama 
Claims"  of  the  Government  against  Great 
Britain.  For  such  position  Mr.  Waite  possessed 
the  special  qualities  of  great  industry  and  abil- 
ity in  research  and  argument,  which  were  made 
conspicuous  and  effective  on  that  memoi-able 
occasion,  ami  secured  for  his  labors  historical 
recognition.  His  presentation  of  the  question 
of  Great  Britain's  liability  in  permitting  Con- 
federate War  Steamers  to  obtain  in  British 
ports  sup))lies  for  hostilities  against  Americnn 
shipping,  commanded  marked  attention  both 
from  that  tribunal  and  from  the  world.  En- 
tering that  service  with  a  reputation  more 
limited  than  was  that  of  either  of  his  associate 
Counsel,  the  close  of  the  trial  found  him  in  that 
respect  second  to  none.  Returning  to  Toledo 
in  1872,  he  resumed  his  practice.  In  1873  he 
was  elected  without  opposition  as  a  member  of 
the  Convention  called  to  revise  the  State  Con- 
stitution, and  upon  thea.sserabling  of  that  body. 


he  was  chosen  as  it«  President.  It  was  daring 
the  session  of  this  Convention  at  Cincinnati,  in 
January,  1874,  that  the  successive  nominations 
of  George  H.  Williams  and  Caleb  Gushing  for 
Chief  Justice,  to  succeed  Salmon  P.  Chase,  de- 
ceased, were  presented  and  withdrawn  by 
President  Grant.  The  third  name  communi- 
cated to  the  Senate  was  that  of  Mr.  Waite, 
which  was  done  without  the  knowledge  of  that 
gentleman,  who  had  positively  withheld  his 
approval  of  any  steps  by  his  friends  in  that 
direction.  The  announcment  of  the  nomina- 
tion was  received  by  the  Constitutional  Con- 
vention with  s])ecial  demonstration  of  pleasure, 
and  a  resolution  stronglj-  approving  the  .same 
was  at  once  introduced  to  that  body,  and  by 
him,  as  its  presiding  oflScer,  ruled  out  of  order. 
The  Senate,  by  unanimous  vote,  apjproved  the 
nomination.  It  so  happened  that  only  a  year 
previous  to  his  appointment  as  ChiefJus'tice, 
Mr.  AVaite  was  admitted  to  practice  in  the  Su- 
preme Court,  and  upon  the  motion  of  Mr. 
Gushing.  His  appointment  was  received  by 
the  citizens  of  T(dedo  with  marks  of  special 
gratification.  The  Bar  at  once  met  and  made 
expression  both  of  approval  and  of  its  high  ap- 
preciation of  Mr.  Waite'.-*  personal  and  profes- 
sional wortli.  A  proposition  for  a  banquet  was, 
at  his  request,  changed  to  an  informal  recep- 
tion, held  at  the  residence  of  William  Baker, 
Esq.,  Februarj-  3,  1874,  which  was  attended  by 
large  numbers  of  citizens,  glad  to  congratulate 
the  appointee  on  the  high  honor  conferred, 
and  to  assure  him  of  their  wish  for  success  in 
his  new  position.  He  left  Toledo  for  Washing- 
ton on  the  13th  of  February,  and  assumed  the 
office  of  Chief  Justice  by  taking  the  prescribed 
oath,  March  4th,  following.  He  is  now  (No- 
vember, 1887)  nearing  the  clo.se  of  his  14th 
year  of  service,  in  the  full  enjoyment  of  wonted 
mental  and  i)hysical  capacities,  and  in  eminent- 
ly- successful  administration  of  the  highest 
judicial  position  of  the  World.  The  capacity 
of  mind  and  endurance,  which  throughout  had 
distinguished  his  professional  life,  are  only 
made  more  conspicuous  and  effective  in  his 
present  position.  The  excessive  labor  de- 
manded for  the  research  and  studj-  of  facts, 
authorities  and  principles  of  jurisprudence,  and 
their  just  aiiplication,  could  be  properly  met 
only  with. resources  to  be  supplied  by  long  prac- 
tice of  energy  and  self-denying  toil  ;  and  it 
may  be  mentioned  here,  for  the  benefit  of  young 
men  in  all  departmentsof  active  life,  that  Chief 
Justice  Waite  recognizes  in  his  present  capacity 
for  labor,  the  direct  result  and  chief  reward  of 
the  j^ears  of  severe  work,  without  apparent  re- 
turn, spent  in  his  earl^- practice.  The  result  has 
been  all  that  he  or  the  country  could  ask. 
During  no  equal  period  have  adjudications  of 
that  august  tribunal  been  attended  with  more 
complete  success,  either  in  the  correctness  of  its 
decisions  or  in  their  acceptance  by  parties  and 
the  public.       Its  action  has  involved  points   of 


LUCAS  BENCH  AND   BAR. 


527 


spocinl  doliciu  y  in  oonnection  with  eontrovertcil 
politifiil  aiul  cdiistitiitioiial  (luostions  ;  with  no 
instiinco  in  which  the  result  was  not  promptly 
accejited  as  final  and  just.  In  this  eonneelion 
will  be  aiiprojiriate  the  testimony  of  a  niemher 
of  the  Supreme  Court,  fjivon  after  he  had  re- 
tired from  that  Bench.  Of  Cliicf  .lustieo  Waite, 
he  said  : 

Kroiu  the  day  of  his  entrance  into  oHice  as  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Siii>renie  Court,  he  has  l)ecn  indefati- 
gable in  the  discbartre  of  its^jreat  duties  ;  patient,  in- 
dustrious and  al)le.  His  aduiinistrative  ul)ility  is 
remarkable.  None  of  bis  jiredccessors  more  steadily 
and  wisely  supcrintcmlcd  the  Court,  or  more  Ciire- 
fully  observed  all  that  is  necessary  to  its  workim;. 
IS\ilbinf;  under  his  administration  haslicen  neglected 
(u-  OYcrloukeil.  lie  bas  wntti'U  many  of  the  most 
important  decisions  of  the  Court— too  many  to  be 
particnlari/.cil.  Among  the  more  recent  of  his  opin- 
ions, may  bo  mentioned  tbo.se  delivered  in  the  cases 
of  Antoni  r.'j.  Cireenbow,  Louisiana  vs.  Jumel,  and 
Elliott  m.  Wiltz— each  of  tbem  involving  questions 
arising  under  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States. 

In  notbiiiij;  has  ChicI  Justice  Waite  more 
clearly  indicated  fitness  for  the  office  ho 
holds,  than  in  the  exalted  estimate  which 
he  has  over  manifested  of  its  grtive  rc- 
'sponsibilities  and  dinnitied  character.  Occasion 
for  such  nianif'estalion  was  fui-nishcd  in  ISTf). 
He  then  bad  held  the  ]iosition  of  Chief  Justice 
long  enough  for  his  special  fitness  therefor  to 
become  known.  So  high  bad  tbisa])preciation 
become  at  the  date  named,  that  the  matter  of 
his  nomination  for  the  Presidency  came  to  be 
seriously  canvassed  in  prominent  and  influen- 
tial quarters.  This  was  specially  true  of  many 
leading  public  journals.  From  the  first  sug- 
gestion of  that  sort,  however,  those  most 
familial-  with  his  real  feelings  and  sentiments 
in  regard  to  public  life,  could  see  no  encourage- 
ment for  yielding  to — much  less  for  co-opera- 
ting with — such  movement.  These  knew  too 
well  his  strong  attachment  to  bis  profession; 
his  repugnance  to  the  life  of  the  jiolitical  aspi- 
rant;  and  his  eminently  conservative  habit  of 
mind,  to  find  the  slightest  warrant  for  such 
suggestion.  His  friends  did  not  have  long  to 
wait  for  the  fullest  justification  of  their  assum]i- 
tion  in  the  case.  The  matter  having,  in  No- 
vember, 1875,  been  presented  to  him  in  such 
form  as  to  invite  definite  response,  he  addressed 
to  a  relative,  Hon.  John  T.  Waite,  member  of 
Congress  from  Connecticut,  a  private  letter, 
which  afterwards,  by  request,  he  ])ermitted  to 
be  publisiied.      In  tliat  h'tter  he  said: 

Of  course,  1  am  grateful  to  my  friends  for  any 
efTorts  in  my  l)ebalf;aiid  no  one  ever  bad  frii'ucls 
more  faithful  or  more  indulgent.  Hut  do  you  think 
it  quite  rigid,  for  one  occupying  the  lirsl  judi<'iul 
position  in  the  land,  to  permit  the  use  of  his  name 
for  political  |)ositioii  ?  The  oflico  I  bold  came  to  me 
covered  with  honor;  arul  when  I  accepted  it,  my 
chief  duty  was,  not  to  make  it  a  stepping-stone  to 
something  else,  but  to  preserve  its  purity,  and  if 
that  might  be  to  make  my  name  as  honorable  as  are 
those  of  my  predecessors.    No  man  ought  to  accept  this 


place  unless  be  take  the  vow  to  leave  it  as  honorable 
as  he  found  it.  There  ought  never  to  be  a  necessity 
for  rebuilding  from  below— all  additinns  should  he 
above.  In  luy  judgment,  the  Constitution  might 
wisely  have  prohibited  the  election  of  a  Chief 
Justice  to  the  Presidency.  Entertaining  such  view, 
could  I  projierly  or  consistently  permit  my  name  to 
be  used  for  the  |)i-omotion  of  a  political  condiination, 
as  now  suggest<'d  ?  If  I  should  do  .so,  could  I  at  all 
times  and  in  all  cases  remain  an  unhia.sed  .ludfie  in  the 
estimation  of  the  jjcople  ?  There  cannot  be  a  doubt 
that  in  these  days  of  politico-judicial  questions,  it 
would  be  specially  dangerous  to  have  a  Judge  who 
could  look  beyond  the  Judiciary  in  his  personal 
ambition.  The  Supreme  Court  is  now,  I  believe, 
justly  regarded  as  a  sheet-anchor  of  the  Nation.  Will 
it  continue  such,  if  its  (.'hief  Justice  be  placed  in  the 
political  wbirli)oori'  My  friend,  consider  these 
things,  and  tell  me  if  you  really  think  I  ought  to 
permit  my  name  to  be  used  as  suggested  by  you.  If 
you  do,  I  do  not. 

This  ox]ire8sion  of  the  views  and  purpose  of 
the  Chief  Justice  was  conclusive  in  the  case, 
utterlv  ])lacing  him  then  and  thereafter  outside 
all  jiolitical  combinations.  While  it  was  no 
suriirise  to  those  personally  acquainted  with 
him,  the  public  use  then  made  of  it  was  deemed 
due  alike  to  him  and  to  the  country.  In  view 
of  previous  events,  then  fresh  in  the  public 
mind,  it  was  specially  ]iroper  that  such  position 
of  the  ineumbent  of  that  high  office  upon  the 
imjiorlani  question  raised,  should  be  made 
known,  to  the  end  that  it  might  aid  in  stimu- 
lating and  making  more  clear  and  fixed  the 
sentiment  already  so  general  against  ])olitieal 
aspirations  among  members  ol  the  National 
Judiciary.  It  was  justly  regarded  as  no 
small  thing,  for  the  American  j)eople  to  be 
assured  that  the  gentleman  then  recently  called 
to  the  head  of  that  branch  of  their  (Government 
could  not  be  tempted  from  his  high  position  of 
iiule])eiidence  and  eminent  uselulness  by  the 
glitterof  political  preferment,  though  never  so 
attractive.  Such  timely  action  will  over  stand 
as  a  protest  from  the  (juarter  most  effective  for 
good,  against  such  prostitution  of  the  National 
Judiciary.  Chief  Justice  Waite,  throughout 
bis  life,  has  had  clear  convictions  on  i-eligious 
sul>jects,  and  for  many  years  past  has  been  a 
communicant,  and  for  HI  years  an  active 
Vestryman  in  the  Protestant  Kpiscopal 
Cliurch.  His  interest  in  whatever  concerned 
the  moral  or  material  well-being  of  his  fellow- 
men  has  always  been  actively  shown  in  such 
ways  as  occasions  have  ottered.  During  the 
War  of  the  Rebellion  no  one  in  Northwestern 
Ohio  contributed  more  toward  the  support  of 
the  Government  in  maintaining  a  loyal  seiiti- 
nicnt,  in  raising  recruits  and  in  caring  for 
Soldiers  and  their  families,  than  did  he.  Chief 
.lustiec  Waite  was  married  Sei)tembor  21,  1S4(), 
with  Miss  Amelia  C,  daughter  of  Samuel 
Seidell  Warner,  of  Ij^'nie,  a  descendant  of 
Colonel  Seidell  of  Revolutionary  record.  Five 
children  have  boon  born  to  them  — Henry  Sei- 
dell, who  liied  in  Toledo,  A])ril  10,  187:5,  leav- 
ing a  wife  and  two  sons ;   Christopher  ('.,   now 


528 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Vice  President  and  General  Manager  of  the 
Cincinnati,  Hamilton  and  Dayton  Eailroad, 
Cincinnati ;  Edward  T.,  of  the  law  firm  of  E. 
&  E.  T.  Wnite,  Toledo  ;  Miss  Mary  F.,  of  Wash- 
ington, I).  C;  and  one  which  died  in  infancy. 

JOHN  H.  DOYLE  was  born  in  Perry 
County,  Ohio,  April  23,  1843.  His  parents 
were  married  in  Providence,  Lucas  County, 
in  1831,  removed  to  Perry  County  in  1842, 
and  returned  to  Toledo  in  1846,  where  the 
father  died  in  1852.  The  mother  is  still  living 
with  her  son,  in  Toledo.  Judge  Doyle  was  ed- 
ucated in  the  Public  Schools  of  Toledo,  and  a 
short  time  at  Dennison  Universit}',  Granville, 
Ohio.  He  studied  law,  first  with  General  H. 
S.  Commager,  and  afterwards  with  Edward 
Bissell,  Jr.  He  was  admitted  to  the  Bar 
April  23,  1864,  on  his  21st  birthday,  and  on  the 
same  day  entered  into  partnership  witii  Mr. 
Bissell,  thus  getting  a  fair  start  in  his  profession 
at  his  majority.  His  career  from  that  time  has 
been  rapid  and  brilliant.  As  a  J'oung  lawyer, 
he  soon  acquired  a  rej)utation  for  legal  knowl- 
edge and  unusual  powers  as  an  advocate.  He 
exhibited  great  skill  and  energy  in  the  conduct 
of  various  important  and  difficult  cases  in  which 
he  was  counsel.  One  of  these  may  be  men- 
tioned as  an  illustration  of  his  peculiar  genius 
in  searching  out  and  establishing  hidden  evi- 
dence, upon  which  a  great  case  often  turns. 
This  was  a  case  involving  the  title  to  160  acres 
of  land  in  the  heart  of  the  City  of  Toledo, 
valued  at  over  a  million  dollars.  The  claimants 
were  the  heirs  of  one  Ford,  a  Soldier  of  the 
War  of  1812,  who  was  then  living  at  Fell's 
Point,  in  or  near  Baltimore,  Maryland.  The 
case  hinged  on  the  legitimacy  of  a  daughter, 
who,  it  was  alleged,  was  born  while  the  said 
Ford  was  a  prisoner  of  war  at  Plymouth,  Eng- 
land, and  was  illegitimate.  Mr.  Doyle 
spent  a  large  portion  of  the  Winter  and 
Spring  of  1874  and  Summer  of  1875  in 
Maryland  and  in  the  District  of  Columbia, 
taking  testimony  in  this  important  case.  The 
final  result  was,  that  he  established  the  legiti- 
macy of  the  child,  and  hence  the  title  of  his 
clients.  The  partnership  with  Mr.  Bissell  was 
continued  till  1879,  when  Mr.  Doyle  was  elected 
on  the  Eepublican  ticket  as  Judge  of  the 
Jiidicial  District  embracing  Lucas,  Sandusky, 
Ottawa,  Huron  and  Erie  Counties.  Such  was 
his  standing  in  the  profession  that  his  candidacy 
was  unanimously  recommended  by  the  Toledo 
Bar.  He  soon  distinguished  himself  on  the 
Bench,  and  in  1882  was  nominated  bv  the  Ee- 
publican State  Convention  for  Judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court,  when  he  was  defeated,  with 
his  party,  though  running  ahead  of  his  ticket 
by  several  thousand  votes  in  the  district  of  his 
residence,  and  by  1,600  in  his  own  County. 
In  February,  1883,  he  was  appointed  by  Gov- 
ernor Foster  to  a  seat  on  the  Supreme  Bench, 
to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 


Judge  Longworth,  and  served  one  year.  At 
the  Convention  of  1883  the  Eepublicaus  again 
nominated  him  for  the  full  term,  but  the  party 
was  again  defeated  that  year.  Judge  Doyle 
resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Toledo 
in  1884,  and  still  continues  with  a  large  and 
successful  business,  being  now  the  senior 
of  the  firm  of  Dojde,  Scott  &  Lewis.  He 
is  in  the  prime  of  life,  with  ample  resources 
derived  both  from  study  and  experience , 
and  with  a  vigorous  and  well-trained  in 
tellect,  good  health  and  habits  of  indus- 
try, he  is  able  to  accomplish  much  in  his 
profession.  His  knowledge  of  the  law  and  of 
judicial  pi-ooeedings  places  him  in  the  front 
rank  of  the  jurists  of  the  State.  Besides,  he  is 
courteous  and  genial,  a  lover  of  good  literature, 
and  highlj-  esteemed  both  in  social  and  private 
life.  Politically,  he  is  a  Eepublican,  and  has 
been  a  member  of  the  First  Congregational 
Church  of  Toledo  since  1868.  He  was  one  of 
the  organizers  of  the  Toledo  Library  Associa- 
tion, now  the  Free  Librarj^  of  Toledo,  and  was 
Chairman  of  the  Lecture  Committee  of  that 
Association  for  six  years.  In  1865,  in  connec- 
tion with  Hon.  DeWitt  Davis, of  Milwaukee,  he 
assisted  in  organizing  the  Northwestern  Lec- 
ture Bureau  at  Chicago,  of  which  he  was  Secre- 
tary for  several  years.  Judge  Doyle  was 
commissioned  during  the  War  of  the  Eebellion 
as  Lieutenant  in  the  Sixty-Seventh  Eegiment 
Ohio  Volunteers,  at  request  of  his  old  preceptor. 
Judge  Commager;  but  before  mustering,  was 
prostrated  bj"  severe  sickness,  which  kept  him 
at  home  and  prevented  acceptance  of  the  ap- 
pointment. He  was  then  but  18  years  of  age. 
In  the  Home-work  for  the  LTnion  cause,  he  was 
active,  as  shown  in  the  history  of  that  dejjai't- 
ment  of  the  service  elsewhere  given.  In  1886, 
he  was  appointed  bj'  Governor  Foraker  one  of 
the  Trustees  of  the  Toledo  Asylum  for  the  In- 
sane, now  in  course  of  construction,  where  the 
detached  cottage  plan,  which  Judge  Doyle 
urged  in  preference  to  all  others,  was  adojited. 
He  was  married  October  6, 1868,  to  Miss  Alice 
Fuller  Skinner,  daughter  of  Dr.  S.  W.  Skinner, 
formerly  of  Windsor,  Connecticut,  and  now  of 
Toledo,  who  is  a  descendant  of  the  Wolcottand 
Ellsworth  families  of  Connecticut,of  which  Chief 
Justice  Ellsworth  and  Governor  Wolcott  were 
members.  Three  daughters — Elizabeth  Wol- 
cott, Grace  Alice,  and  Helen  Genevieve — have 
been  born  of  this  marriage. 

EMERY  D.  POTTER  was  born  in  Provi- 
dence County,  Ehode  Lsland,  in  1804.  He  is  a 
son  of  Abraham  Potter,  a  farmer,  who  removed 
to  Otsego  County,  New  York,  in  1806.  The 
father's  circumstances  were  not  such  as  to  pro- 
vide the  son  with  more  than  very  limited  edu- 
cational advantages  in  childhood.  As  the  re- 
siilt  of  persistent  effort,  however,  the  latter  ere 
long  was  encouraged  to  expect  a  Collegiate 
course,  in  which  he  was  disapjiointed,  and  was 


'^'K^^-'^    -O^^y^- — : 


'!'» 


LUCAS  BENCH  AND  BAR. 


529 


compelled,  without  such  advantage,  to  enter 
upon  preparation  for  the  chosen  profession  of 
the  law.  This  he  did  in  the  office  of  John  A. 
Dix  and  Abner  Cook,  Jr.,  two  able  lawyers  at 
Cooperstown,  New  York,  the  former  having 
subsequently  been  Governor  of  New  York, 
United  States  Senator  from  that  State,  and 
Secretary  of  Treasury  in  Buchanan's  Adminis- 
tration. Completing  his  studies,  Mr.  Potter  was 
admitted  to  practice  in  New  York  ;  but  soon 
deciding  to  make  his  home  in  the  West,  he  left 
for  Toledo,  where  he  arrived  in  the  Winter  of 
1834-5.  He  there  found  afield  not  the  most  in- 
viting, in  some  respects,  for  an  ambitious  young 
man  ;  but  one  which  he  was  not  long  in  turn- 
ing to  the  best  account.  His  qualities  as  a 
lawyer  soon  became  known,  while  his  active 
participation  in  public  and  political  affairs 
gave  him  special  prominence  and  influence. 
In  1838  he  was  the  Postmaster  at  Toledo,  and 
in  1839  was  elected  by  the  Legislature  as 
President  Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas  Court 
for  the  Thirteenth  Judicial  District  of  Ohio, 
embracing  10  Counties  and  covering  North- 
western Ohio  entire.  Without  public  means 
of  any  sort  for  convejance,  he  was  compelled 
to  travel  from  County  to  County  wholly  on 
horseback,  and  largelj'  through  a  dense  wilder- 
ness, often  in  the  absence  of  bridges  compelled 
to  swim  streams,  and  resort  to  methods  of  travel 
almost  wholly  unknown  to  the  present  genera- 
tion in  the  same  sections.  In  1843  he  was 
nominated  by  the  Democrats  and  elected  to 
Congress  from  the  District  made  up  largeh  of 
the  "territory  embraced  within  the  Judicial 
Circuit.  In  Congress  he  at  once  took  promi- 
nent position,  serving  with  John  Quincy  Adams 
on  the  Select  Committee  on  the  Smithson  will, 
whose  action  led  to  the  founding  of  the  Smith- 
sonian Institute.  In  1847  Judge  Potter  was 
elected  as  Representative  in  the  Ohio  Legisla- 
ture, where  he  acted  largelj'  as  leader  of  the 
Democratic  side  of  the  House.  In  October, 
1848,  lie  was  elected  to  the  Thirty -first  Con- 
gress, where  he  took  a  specially  prominent 
part  in  the  long  struggle  for  Speaker, receiving 
at  different  times  78  votes  for  that  office.  He 
was  made  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Post- 
Offices  and  Post  Roads,  and  as  such  was  the 
author  of  the  bill  of  1851,  providing  for  cheap 
postage  and  the  coinage  of  three-cent  coin.  At 
the  close  of  this  term  in  Congress,  he  resumed 
the  practice  of  the  law.  In  1857  he  was 
appointed  Judge  of  the  Federal  Court  of  Utah, 
but  declined  the  honor  on  account  of  business 
interests  requiring  his  presence  in  Toledo.  In 
1859  he  was  appointed  Collector  of  Customs  for 
the  Toledo  District,  serving  until  1861.  He 
was  elected  as  Senator  in  the  Ohio  Legislature 
in  1873,  serving  until  1875.  During  that  term 
he  was  influential  in  securing  the  enactment  of 
the  law  providing,  at  the  expense  of  the  State, 
for  the  propagation  of  Fishes  in  Ohio,  and  was 
appointed  as  Superintendent  of  Fish-hatching 


in  the  State.  To  his  personal  attention  and 
good  management,  the  successful  introduction 
and  establishment  of  that  policy  by  the  State 
are  largely  due.  Judge  Pottci'was  niarried  in 
1843  with"  Miss  Mary  A.  Card,  at  Willoughby, 
who  died  in  1847,  leaving  one  son,  Emery  D. 
Potter,  Jr.,  now  a  prominent  member  of  the 
Lucas  County  Bar.  He  was  subsequently 
married  with  Miss  Anna  B.  Milliken,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, who,  with  one  daughter,  Anna  Claire, 
is  now  living. 

CHARLES  W.  HILL  was  born  July  7, 1812, 
at  Starksboro,  Addison  County,  Vermont  He 
was  of  Yankee  stock,  his  ancestors,  on  both 
sides,  having  descended  from  the  pioneers  of 
New  England.  When  he  was  six  j^ears  of  age, 
the  family  came  to  the  Western  Reserve,  Ohio, 
where  he  enjoyed  the  educational  advantages 
common  to  farmers'  children  70  years  ajjo.  At 
about  the  age  of  22  he  entered  Oberlin  College, 
which  then  had  hardlyass\imed  a  position  among 
the  few  educational  institutions  of  the  West. 
There  with  means  secured  by  manual  labor, 
and  by  teaching  School  winters,  he  was  able  to 
remain  (or  one  year.  Early  in  1836.  at  the  age 
of  24,  he  came  to  Toledo,  and  ere  long  secured 
a  position  as  clerk  in  the  store  of  Charles  G. 
McKnight,  in  the  frame  buildini,' yet  standing, 
343-347  Summit  Street.  Not  finding  himself 
adapted  to  mercantile  life,  he  soon  turned  his 
attention  to  the  legal  profession,  and  while  yet 
pursuing  other  employment,  entered  upon  the 
study  of  the  law  with  the  aid  of  Daniel  O. 
Morton,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  Jan- 
uary, 1839,  and  the  firm  of  Tilden  i»t  Hill 
was  formed  in  October  of  that  year,  succeed- 
ing that  of  Tilden  &  Osborn,  Henry  Bennett 
soon  being  added  to  the  firm.  Upon  the  election 
of  Mr.  Tilden  as  Judge,  in  1843,  Hill  &  Bennett 
assumed  the  business,  who  ere  lonj;  werejoined 
by  C.  E.  Perigo,  Charles  Pratt  soon  thereaiter 
becoming  a  partner.  The  firm  of  Hill  k  Pratt 
continued  for  many  years,  and  until  1870,  when 
Avery  S.  Hill  became  associated  with  his  father 
in  practice.  As  a  lawyer,  Mr.  Hiil'sposition  was 
an  enviable  one.  He  was  from  an  early  period 
in  his  practice  recognized  as  one  of  the  foremost 
members  of  the  Bar.  No  one  excelled,  if  any 
equaled,  his  exhaustive  work  in  the  prepara- 
tion of  his  cases.  As  was  said  by  a  prominent 
member  of  the  Bar,  he  sometimes  seemed  to  be 
"  over-prepared  " — a  result  of  his  indefatigable 
industry  and  facility  for  research.  As  an  ad- 
vocate he  was  specially  successful.  From  very 
early  life,  he  indicated  a  strong  tendency  to 
military  affairs,  and  as  early  as  1840  he  became 
the  Captain  of  the  Toledo  C4uards,and  in  June, 
1842,  was  elected  Brigadier  General  of  the  First 
Brigade,  Eighteenth  Division,  Ohio  Militia.  In 
different  ways  he  was  active  in  maintaining 
and  developing  a  general  interest  in  the  Militia. 
As  elsewhere  stated,  he  organized  the  Public 
School  Cadets  in  1856,  and  directed  the  same 


530 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


for  several  years,  and  until  the  outbreak  of  th e 
Rebellion  in  18(n,when  as  Brigadier  General, 
by  appointment  of  Governor  Dennison,  lie  en- 
tered llio  military  scM-vice  of  the  United  States, 
servinii'  in  West  Virifinia  in  command  of  Ohio 
troops  under  General  MfClellan.  He  was  as- 
sii^ned  to  highly  iin]iortant  service  in  a  district 
extending  from  Parkersburg  and  Wheeling  to 
Gheat  Kiver,  having  250  miles  of  line  to  defend 
with  a  greatly  inadequate  force.  In  the  dis- 
charge of  such  severe  duty,  he  was  prompt  and 
watchful,  obeying  orders  with  all  energy  and 
eft'ect  consistent  "ith  the  means  at  his  com- 
mand. And  yet,  from  lack  of  proper  co-opera- 
tion by  the  commanding  officer,  or  from  mis- 
understanding of  the  real  situation,  there 
once  occurred  a  want  of  timely  offensive  move- 
ment, which  resulted  materially  to  the  advan- 
tage of  the  enemy.  The  attempt  then  made  to 
throw  the  responsibility  on  General  Hill,  was 
both  su.spicious  in  its  source  and  wanting  in 
requisite  proof  General  McClellan  never  made 
the  ex])lanation  of  the  situation  which  General 
Hill  most  confidently  expected  from  him.  On 
the  expiration  of  the  term  of  service  of  the  Ohio 
troopis  in  West  Virginia,  in  August,  1861, 
General  Hill  was  assigned  as  Commandant  at 
Camp  Chase,  Columbus,  then  a  rendezvous  for 
Ohio  Volunteers  for  organization,  equipment 
and  discipline,  as  well  as  for  confinement  of 
prisoners  of  War.  General  Hill's  duties  there 
included  the  instruction  of  Volunteer  officers 
in  matters  of  tactics  and  general  discipline. 
Among  the  persons  thus  instructed  by  him, 
were  Colonel  James  A.  Garfield  of  the  Forty- 
Second  Ohio,  and  Major  Wager  Swayne  of  the 
Forty-Third  Ohio  Eegiment."  In  18(J2-6H  Gen- 
eral Hill  performed  hii;hly  important  service 
as  Adjutant  General  of  Ohio,  under  Governor 
Tod,  a  capacitj^  for  which  his  qualities  of  in- 
dustry and  attention  to  details,  specially  gave 
him.  During  his  service  there,  no  less  than 
310  Eegiments  and  Battalions  of  State  Militia 
were  organized  and  their  officers  instructed  in 
their  respective  duties.  Beside  his  severe  office 
labors,  he  spent  much  time  in  attendance  on 
Camps  of  Instruction  at  different  points  in  the 
State,  where  his  superior  qualities  as  organizer 
and  disciplinarian  were  of  special  service.  As 
a  direct  result  of  such  service,  Ohio  was  placed 
abreast  the  most  forward  of  loj-al  States  in  both 
the  extent  and  promptness  of  her  response  to 
the  pressing  demands  of  the  Government  for 
troops.  This  was  specially  the  case  in  the 
Sjiring  of  1864,  when,  on  call  of  the  Pi-esideut 
for  100,000  men  for  100  days,  to  meet  the  great 
emergency  of  that  time,  Ohio  was  enabled  to 
send  forward  30,000  of  that  quota  within  48 
hours  of  such  call.  So  seriously  was  General 
Hill's  health  affected,  that  he  sought  more 
activity  in  the  field.  His  services  were  con- 
tinued at  Columbus  until  the  128th  Ohio  In- 
fantry Regiment  was  organized  late  in  1863, 
which    command     was     sent     to     Johnson's 


Island,  Sandusky  Bay,  for  garrison  service 
at  the  United  States  Military  Prison, 
to  which  Regiment  General  Hill  was 
assigned.  His  duties  there  were  delicate, 
important  and  severe — all  which  were  dis- 
charged in  a  manner  to  challenge  the  uni- 
form commendation  of  the  Government.  As 
Banker  of  the  Prison,  he  bad  charge  of  the  de- 
posits of  an  average  of  3,000  Rebel-Officer  pris- 
oners of  War,  which  were  cared  for  to  the  sat- 
isfaction of  all.  The  matter  of  his  promotion 
was  repeatedly  suggested,  but  he  declined  such 
action  until  his  West  Virginia  record  should 
be  dulj^  investigated.  This  was  finally  done, 
and  in  1865,  he  received  the  commission  of 
Brigadier-General,  and  was  brevetted  as  Major 
General.  At  the  close  of  the  War  he  returned 
to  Toledo  and  to  the  practice  of  his  jirofession, 
which  was  continued  until  impaired  health 
forced  a  relinquishment  of  active  work.  With 
all  that  has  been  said  of  General  Hill's  activity 
in  his  profession  and  in  military  affairs,  his 
most  important  work  was  in  connection  with 
the  Public  Schools  of  Toledo.  His  interest  in 
educational  means  was  early  indicated.  Thus, 
upon  the  organization,  in  1838,  of  the  pioneer 
Lj'ceum  of  Toledo,  he  was  made  its  Seci'etary  ; 
and  when  that  was  practically  merged  into  the 
Young  Men's  Association  he  became  prominent 
in  the  management  of  the  latter.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Board  of  Education  at  almost 
the  outset  of  the  first  systematic  attempt  at 
Free  Schools.  In  1851,  but  two  years  after 
such  movement,  lie  waselected  to  that  yiosition, 
holding  the  same  for  30  years,  and  serving  as 
President  for  21  years  of  such  time,  declining 
a  re-election  to  the  Board  in  1880.  From  the 
first,  his  interest  in  the  Schools  was  so  absorb- 
ing as  sometimes  wholly  to  engross  his  time 
and  thoughts,  to  the  serious  neglect  of  personal 
affairs.  Most  of  the  School  buildings  now  in 
the  City  were  erected  during  his  service,  to 
the  planning  and  construction  of  which  he  de- 
voted special  attention.  So,  too,  in  the  general 
management  of  the  Schools,  in  the  necessary 
changes  in  School  laws,  and  in  all  ways  where- 
by the  system  could  be  made  successful  and 
useful,  he  was  constant  and  assiduous.  At  a 
High  School  commencement,  several  years 
since,  a  prominent  citizen  said,  that  "  if  any 
man  in  Toledo  was  entitled  to  have  a  monu- 
ment erected  to  his  memory  here,  that  man  was 
Charles  W.  Hill,  for  his  promotion  of  the  Public 
School  system  of  the  City."  A  sentiment,  so  en- 
tirely just,  has  not  as  yet  been  acted  upon.  To 
all  that  has  here  been  said,  should  be  added 
mention  of  the  constant  interest  taken  bj' 
General  Hill  in  the  general  affairs  of  his  fellow- 
citizens  In  the  City  Government,  and  es- 
pecially as  an  active  member  of  the  City  Coun- 
cil, he  made  himself  useful  for  many  years.  No 
more  watchful  guard  of  the  public  rights  was 
found  in  that  body,  in  which  capacity  he  was 
frequently  brought  into  coU'sion  with  special 


Jl 


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"••■     .1 


16. 


LUCAS  BENCH  AND  BAR. 


531 


interests,  sometimes  backed  by  combinations 
more  or  less  secret,  which  challenged  deter- 
mined opposition.  He  never  was  known  to  be 
a  member  of  a  "  ring  "  of  any  sort ;  but  rather 
the  consistent  of)ponent  of  "  rings."  It  is 
deemed  entirely  safe  here  to  state,  that  in  the 
history  ot  Toledo  no  other  man  has  devoted  to 
the  common  welfare  as  mnch  of  time  and  labor 
without  reward  of  any  sort,  as  did  General 
Hill.  He  was  married  twice,  and  left  three 
children  of  his  first  wife — Aver}-  S.,  who 
adopted  and  yet  follows  the  profession  of  his 
father;  Mrs.  Sophie  L.  Peekham,  the  eldest 
daughter;  and  Mary  B.,  wife  of  Henry  D. 
Pierce,  formerly  Principal  of  Junior  High 
School,  now  a  member  of  the  Toledo  Board  of 
Education,  and  the  manager  of  the  Producers' 
Marble  Company. 

GEORGE  RANDOLPH  HAYNES,  Lawyer, 
ot  Toledo,  was  born  at  Monson,  Massachusetts, 
January  24,  1828.  His  father,  George  Haj^nes, 
was  born  at  Brinitield,  Massachusetts;  and  his 
mother,  Mary  D.  Ford,  near  Hartford,  Con- 
necticut, both  being  of  English  descent.  In 
1831),  the  family  came  to  Ohio,  settling  on  a 
farm  in  Bronson  Township,  Huron  County. 
The  son's  first  educational  privileges  were  those 
of  New  England,  and  were  improved  until  ex- 
changed for  the  more  limited  advantages  of  the 
West.  From  his  twelfth  to  his  seventeenth 
year,  his  attendance  at  School  w^as  confined  to 
winter  terms,  the  balance  of  the  \  ear  being 
spent  in  farm  work  with  his  father.  In  1845 
he  was  enabled  to  attend  Norwalk  Seminary, 
where  he  remained  for  five  years,  meantime 
contributing  to  his  support bj'  teaching  School 
from  time  to  time,  whereby  he  was  even  more 
substantially  benefited  in  the  practical  knowl- 
edge of  life  therebj"  gained.  His  School  edu- 
cation completed,  he  at  once  sat  about  prepara- 
tion for  his  chosen  life-work — the  profession  of 
the  law.  To  this  end,  in  1850,  he  entered  the 
office  of  John  Whitbeck,  Esquire,  at  Norwalk, 
spending  one  year  there;  when  he  went  to 
Fi-emont,  Ohio,  and  in  the  office  of  Judge 
Lucius  B.  Otis  (now  of  Chicago),  completed 
his  preparatory  studies  in  January,  1852,  when 
he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar,  and  soon  com- 
menced the  practice  of  his  pirofession  at  that 
place,  remaining  there  two  years,  for  one  of 
which  he  acted  as  Prosecuting  Attorney  for 
Sandusky  Count}-.  In  1854  became  to  Toledo, 
which  has  since  been  his  home.  In  18G1  he 
was  elected  as  Prosecuting  Attorney  for  Lucas 
County,  serving  for  three  years.  Subsequently 
he  w-as  chosen  as  City  Solicitor  of  Toledo,  in 
which  position  his  industry  and  legal  ability 
were  specially  valuable  to  the  City.  In  1883 
he  was  nominated  by  the  Eepublican  Judicial 
Convention  as  a  candidate  for  Judge  of  Com- 
mon Pleas  Court  for  the  Sub-District  comprising 
the  Counties  of  Lucas,  Ottawa,  Sandusky,  Erie 
and    Huron.     At    the    election,    the   adverse 


(Democratic)  majority  on  Governor  in  the  Dis- 
trict, was  4,868,  that  in  Lucas  County  being 
1,784.  In  the  fiice  of  such  remarkable  showing, 
Mr.  Haynes  received  a  small  majority  in  the 
District,  and  upon  the  returns  was  given  the 
certificate  of  election.  His  majoritj-  in  liucas 
County  w-as  2,237 — a  gain  there  of  4,021  over 
the  Republican  candidate  for  Governor.  A 
contest  ensued  before  the  State  Senate,  where, 
upon  a  partisan  division  of  that  body,  the  seat 
was  accorded  to  the  contestor.  Upon  the  es- 
tablishment bj-  the  State  Legislature  of  Circuit 
Courts,  in  1884,  Judge  Haynes  was  chosen  as 
one  of  the  three  Judges  for  the  Sixth  Circuit, 
consisting  of  the  ('ounlies  of  Lucas,  Ottawa, 
Sandusky,  Brie,  Huron,  Lorain,  fkiyahoga,  Me- 
dina and  Summit ;  and  in  the  allotment  of 
terms  he  succeeded  to  that  of  six  years.  This 
position  he  has  held  with  special  ability  and 
general  satisfaction.  In  his  political  affiliations 
Judge  Haynes  was  origiuallj-  a  Democrat,  with 
which  partj-  he  acted  until  the  issue  of  the 
maintenance  of  Freedom  and  the  extension  of 
Slavery  challenged  the  choice  of  the  citizen, 
when  he  joined  in  the  movement  which  resulted 
in  the  organization  of  the  Republican  party, 
with  which  he  has  since  actively  co-operated. 
While  in  no  sense  a  place-seeker  or  ambitious 
of  prominence,  he  has  sought  in  all  suitable 
ways  to  promote  the  princi])les  and  policy  of 
that  organization.  In  1872  he  was  chosen  as 
Presidential  Elector  for  the  Toledo  Congres- 
sional District,  casting  his  vote  in  the  State 
Electoral  College  for  the  re-election  of  Ulysses 
S.  Grant.  The  professional  character  and 
standing  of  Judge  Haynes  are  best  indicated 
by  the  repeated  and  marked  recognition  of  the 
same  by  the  Bar  and  the  people  most  fully 
qualified  to  judge.  For  nearly  25  years  he  has 
been  an  active  member  of  the  First  Congrega- 
tional Church,  Toledo  ;  while  in  the  different 
directions  open  to  the  citizen,  he  has  been 
identified  with  whatever  movement  promised 
the  moral  and  intellectual  well-being  of  his 
fellow -men.  Of  his  father's  family,  he  and  his 
mother  only  survive,  the  latter  at  the  advanced 
age  of  82years,  now  residing  with  him.  He  was 
married  at  Toledo,  October  14,  1857,  with  Miss 
Anne  Raymond,  a  native  of  the  State  of  New 
York.  Of  four  children  born  to  them,  two 
(daughters)  are  now  living. 

REUBEN  C.  LEMMON.  In  presenting  a 
biographical  sketch  of  one  in  mid-career  of 
an  active  life,  we  are  necessarilj-  restrained 
from  expressions  of  commendation  which  the 
subject  would  inspire  were  we  writing  of  a 
man  whose  race  was  run  and  his  journey 
ended.  We  therefore  give  but  a  historical 
narrative  of  oneof  tlie  respected  and  conspicu- 
ous citizens  of  Toledo,  Reuben  C.  Lemmon,  a 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas.  His 
ancestors  were  of  English  nativity,  and  settled 
in  the  State  of  Maryland  and  in  Somerset  Co., 


632 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


New  Jcrse_y,  prior  to  the  Revolution,  in  which  a 
number  ofthein  participated  witli  distinguished 
braver}-.  His  tiitber,  Charles  Lemmon,  was 
born  in  Baltimore  County,  Maryland,  in  1780. 
Early  in  lite  lie  removed  to  Yariek,  Seneca 
County,  Now  York,  where  he  married  in  1821, 
Miss  "Hannah  Compton.  Of  these  parents, 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born,  May 
12,  1825.  Here,  and  previously,  his  father, 
although  a  boot  and  shoe  maker  by  trade, 
engaged  in  farming.  In  1837  the  jjarents, 
with  a  family-  of  12  children,  removed  to  Sen- 
eca County,  Ohio,  where  his  father  engaged  in 
farming  until  his  death,  in  1811.  The  educa- 
tion of  the  son  consisted  of  the  usual  attendance 
during  the  Winter  months  at  the  District 
School,  while  the  Summer  portion  of  the  year 
was  spent  in  work  upon  the  farm.  Early  in 
life  he  resolved  to  become  a  Lawyer,  and  in 
1845,  the  more  thoroughly  to  prepare  him  to 
begin  his  legal  studies,  he  went  to  Norwalk, 
Huron  County,  and  lor  one  year  attended  the 
Seminary  at  that  place,  and  for  one  year  fol- 
lowing the  Presbyterian  Academj'  at  Granville, 
Licking  CountJ^  In  1847  he  began  the  study 
of  law  at  Tyrone,  Steuben  County,  New  York, 
with  a  lawyer  by  the  name  of  Hill,  with  whom 
he  remained  one  year.  After  this  date  he  con- 
tinued his  legal  studies  under  the  direction  of 
General  Joel  W.  Wilson,  of  Tiffin,  Ohio,  at 
which  place  he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in 
July,  1850.  The  following  Spring  he  opened  a 
law  office  in  Fulton  County,  Ohio,  and  remained 
there  one  year.  In  September,  1852,  he  formed 
a  partnership  with  the  late  H.  S.  Commager, 
and  removed  to  MaumeeCit}-,  then  the  County- 
seat  of  Lucas  County.  Here  he  remained  until 
the  establishment  at  Toledo  of  the  County-seat, 
when  he  removed  to  this  City.  His  legal  at- 
tainments soon  won  for  him  a  merited  high 
position  among  the  members  of  the  Toledo  Bar, 
and  in  18G1  he  was  elected  Prosecuting  Attor- 
ney for  the  County.  In  1860  his  partnership 
with  Mr.  Comniiiger  was  dissolved.  In  1867  he 
formed  a  partnership  with  J.  R.  Seney,  which 
continued  until  1869,  when  Mr.  Seney  was 
elected  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas. 
After  this,  Mr.  Lemmon  was  in  practice  alone 
until  1874.  He  then  was  elected  to  the  position 
he  now  so  ablj'  fills,  having  since  been  twice 
elected.  In  the  Masonic  fraternity,  with  which 
Judge  Lemmon  has  been  long  connected,  he 
has  taken  the  warmest  interest.  He  first  joined 
Toledo  Lodge  in  1855,  and  a  year  after 
Fort  Meigs  Chapter,  and  subsequently  To 
ledo  Council,  and  Toledo  Commanderv.  In 
1875  and  1876  he  was  elected  Grand'  High 
Priest  of  the  Grand  Chapter  of  Ohio,  and 
in  1879  and  1880  Grand  Master  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Ohio.  For  several  years  he  has  been 
Treasurer  of  the  General  Grand  Chapter  of  the 
United  States.  Judge  Lemmon  was  married 
in  November,  1850,  to  Amelia  Armstrong,  of 
Bellevue,  Sandusky  County,  Ohio,  who  died  in 


1857.  One  child,  Charles  H.  Lemmon,  was 
born  to  them,  who  at  present  is  practicing  law 
in  Toledo.  In  1859  Judge  Lemmon  married 
his  present  wife  at  London,  England.  Prior  to 
his  accession  to  the  Bench,  Judge  Lemmon  was 
engaged  in  a  general  line  of  legal  practice,  in 
which  his  studious  habits  and  a  mind  particu- 
liarly  qualified  for  his  profession,  he  won  a  high 
degree  of  success.  He  inspired  confidence  and 
trust  by  his  honoi-able  methods  and  conscien- 
tious devotion  to  the  interests  of  his  clients. 
The  best  evidence  of  the  popular  feeling  in  his 
honesty  and  ability,  is  tlie  successive  years  he 
has  been  elected  to  the  judicial  office  by  the 
suffrages  of  the  people,  in  which  position  he  has 
discharged  his  duties  to  the  gratification  of  the 
entire  Bar.  His  experience  renders  business 
easy  and  familiar  to  him,  and  he  gives  it  dis- 
patch witliout  undue  haste.  He  comes  to  his 
opinions,  decisions  and  rulings  with  charac- 
teristic promptness,  directness  and  clearness. 
Partiality  or  prejudice,  fear  or  favor,  or  the 
appi'ehension  of  consequences  personal  to  him- 
self, have  never  exercised  the  slightest  influence 
over  his  deliberations.  This  we  believe  to  be 
the  opinion  not  only  of  the  Bar,  but  the  people, 
concerning  Judge  Lemmon. 

"WIIjLIAM  baker,  Lawyer,  son  of  Hon. 
Timothy  Baker,  was  born  at  Norwalk,  Ohio, 
February  5,  1822.  His  father  was  a  native  of 
Massachusetts,  and  removed  to  Ohio  in  1818, 
settling  at  Norwalk,  which  continued  to  be  his 
residence  until  his  death  in  1878.  From  his 
advent  to  the  new  Western  settlements,  he  was 
active  and  prominent  in  the  development  of 
the  countrj'  and  the  promotion  of  its  material 
and  moral  well-being.  Although  not  a  Lawyer, 
he  served  for  21  years  (three  terms)  as  Associ- 
ate Judge  of  Huron  Common  Pleas,  much  of 
that  time  as  the  most  prominent  and  active  of 
the  three  Associates.  The  son  pursued  his 
earlier  studies  at  home,  chiefly  at  Norwalk 
Academy  ;  whence  he  went  to  Granville  Col- 
lege (now  Dennison  LTniversity),  where  he  was 
graduated  with  honors  in  1841.  Pursuing  the 
study  of  the  law  for  a  year  with  Goddard  and 
Converse,  Zanesville,  Ohio,  he  entered  the  Law 
School  of  Harvard  University  in  1842,  in 
which  the  late  Joseph  Story  and  Professor 
Simon  Greenleaf  were  instructors.  Here  he 
was  graduated,  with  the  Bachelor's  Degree, 
in  the  Spring  of  1844.  At  the  age  of  22,  he 
came  to  Toledo  in  November  of  the  same  year, 
and  there  entei-ed  upon  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession, opening  an  office  in  Mott's  Block,  cor- 
ner of  Summit  and  Monroe  Streets.  It  so 
happened,  that  bis  adviuit  here  was  contem- 
poraneous with  the  entrance  of  Toledo  upon 
the  era  of  prosperity  caused  by  the  long-de- 
layed opening  of  the  Wabash  and  Erie  Canal  ; 
which  favorable  condition  was  bj-  him  turned 
to  special  account.  The  first  year  of  his  prac- 
tice was  one  of  exceptional  success  in  the  char- 


K 


LUCAS  BENCH  AND  BAR. 


538 


acter,  no  less  than  in  the  amount,  of  business 
coming  to  him,  which  was  so  conducted  as  to 
give  him  specially  favorable  ]iosition  at  the 
Bar.  He  was  alone  in  ])raclice  until  lSi7, 
when  he  entered  into  ])artnership  with  Hon. 
Myron  H.  Tilden,  who  at  that  time  resigned 
the  position  of  President  Judge  of  Common 
Pleas  Court  for  this  Ciix-uit.  In  1850,  Judge 
Tilden  removed  to  Cincinnati,  when  the  part- 
nership was  dissolved.  In  1857  Mr.  Baker 
became  associated  in  practice  with  William  A. 
Collins,  Esq.,  which  connection  continued  until 
the  election  of  the  latter,  in  1870,  as  Judge  of 
Common  Pleas.  For  the  following  10  years, 
Mr.  Baker  was  again  alone  in  practice.  In 
1880,  his  youngest  son,  Rufus  H.  Baker,  then 
graduated  at  Columbia  College  Law  School, 
became  associated  with  him  :  as  did  Barton 
Smith,  Esq.,  in  1881,  the  firm  then  becoming 
Baker,  Smith  and  Baker,  as  it  still  continues. 
Mr.  Baker's  practice,  from  the  first,  has  been 
not  only  large  and  sticce.ssful,  but  chiefly  in  the 
direction  of  real  estate  and  commercial  law  and 
equity,  for  which  classes  of  business  his  sound 
judgment,  thorough  reading  and  methodical 
liabits  of  mind  and  action  specially  fit  him  ;  to 
all  which  was  added  recognized  integrity  and 
])r()mptness  in  all  matters  entrusted  to  his 
hands.  These  qualities  earl3'  brought  him  in 
confidential  relations  with  men  and  corporate 
bodies  representing  large  property  interests. 
As  the  agent  of  such,  largelj'  in  the  East,  he 
has  loaned  and  looked  after  vast  sums  of 
money,  whereby  he  was  enabled,  while  placing 
capital  productively,  to  secure  to  Toledo  large 
amounts  of  means  for  profitable  employment. 
Mr.  Baker's  constant  close  attention  to  his 
profession  and  other  business,  has  not  made 
him  unmindful  of  the  claims  upon  him  of  his 
fellow  citizens.  Illustrating  in  his  daily  life 
the  strictest  rules  of  personal  demeanor,  he  has 
ever  been  ready  to  co-operate  with  others  in 
the  promotion  of  the  principles  and  practice  of 
the  same.  One  of  the  original  members  of  the 
First  Bai>tist  Church,  Toledo,  he  has  from  the 
start  been  an  office-bearer  and  liberal  supporter 
of  that  organization,  and  has  been  active  in 
other  agencies  for  the  promotion  of  the  moral 
and  religious  welfare  of  the  community.  And 
so,  in  local  enterprises  for  the  material  benefit 
of  Toledo,  he  has  ever  borne  his  part.  lie  was 
prominently  active  in  the  construction  of  the 
Toledo,  Norwalk  and  Cleveland  (now  Lake 
Shore)  Railroad  He  was  actively  identified 
with  the  organization  and  construction  of  the 
Wabash  Railway,  of  which  Corapanj-  he  was 
from  the  first  and  for  15  years  a  Director.  He 
has  been  pi'ominently  identified  with  the  pro- 
motion of  the  manufacturing  interests  of  To- 
ledo, and  especially  in  connection  with  the 
Milburn  Wagon  VVorks,  with  the  start  and 
management  of  which  he  has  been  actively  con- 
nected, while  he  has  rendered  substantial  aid 
to  other  enterprises  of  the  same  general  class. 


Politically,  he  was  a  Whig  from  the  time  of 
becoming  a  voter  until  that  party  was  merged 
into  the  Re]nibli(an  |>arty,  with  wliich  he  has 
since  acted.  While  earnest  and  active  in  that 
relation,  he  never  has  been  a  seeker  for  office 
or  personal  prominence  of  any  sort ;  but  con- 
tent to  meet  the  responsibilities  and  duties  of 
citizenship  in  private  ways.  As  a  loyal  citizen 
of  the  United  States,  he  did  wi)at  he  could 
toward  sustaining  the  Government  during  its 
struggle  with  the  Rebellion.  His  position  in 
that  respect,  was  indicated  in  1804,  upon  the 
organization  of  the  Toledo  Branch  of  the  United 
vStates  Christian  Commission,  in  the  interest  of 
the  Soldiers  of  the  Union,  when  the  representa- 
tives of  the  leading  Churches  of  the  City 
selected  him  as  the  Presitlent  of  that  organiza- 
tion. Through  the  various  channels  open  for 
pecuniary  contributions  to  the  well-being  of 
his  fellow-citizens,  he  has  always  been  ready  to 
do  his  full  share.  Mr.  Baker's  literary  quali- 
ties, amid  the  constant  pressure  of  business 
pursuits,  have  never  ha<l  the  opportunities  for 
manifestation  to  which  they  are  entitled.  Occa- 
sional lectures  and  addresses,  and  letters  for 
the  public  press  while  traveling,  constitute  his 
contributions  in  that  direction.  In  1882,  with 
Mrs.  Baker,  he  visited  every  European  coun- 
try, Russia  and  Turkey  only  excepted,  spending 
18  months  in  such  trip.  August  28,  18-19,  Mr. 
Baker  and  Miss  Frances  C,  daughter  of  Peter 
Latimer,  Esq.,  were  mai-ried  at  Norwalk,  Ohio. 
They  have  four  sons — VVilliMra  L.,  Engineer  and 
Superintendent  of  Detroit  Bridge  and  Iron 
Works  ;  Herbertand  ArthurE.,  Iroti  Founders  ; 
and  RufusH.,  Lawyer,  Toledo  ;  and  one  daugh- 
ter, Miss  Kittie. 

CHARLES  PRATT,  an  able  lawyer  of 
Toledo,  was  born  near  Rochester,  New  York, 
January  15, 1828.  He  is  adescendant  of  old  Pu- 
ritan stock.  His  father,  Alpheus  Pratt,  was  a 
native  of  Massachusetts,  and  died  at  the  age  of 
ninety-one  years.  In  1819  he  removed  to  the 
State  of  New  Yoi-k,  being  a  pioneer  in  the 
vicinity  in  which  he  settled,  and  in  1833  re- 
moved from  that  State  to  Michigan,  settling  in 
what  was  then  known  as  the  "  Bean  Creek 
Country',"  which  is  within  what  is  called  the 
Maumee  Valley,  now  known  as  Hudson, 
Michigan,  where  he  died  in  March,  1884.  Mrs. 
Pratt,  the  mother,  is  also  of  New  England 
lineage,  and  is  now  living  with  her  son,  at  the 
advanced  age  of  ninety-one.  On  both  paternal 
and  maternal  sides  of  Mr.  Pi-att's  ancestors, 
almost  all  the  members  reached  ages  ranging 
from  eightj'  to  nearly  one  hundred  years. 
Chai'les  Pratt's  earliest  education  began  at 
home,  as  in  the  pioneer  days  of  Michigan 
there  was  hardlj'  a  School-house  to  be  found. 
Where  his  earlier  years  were  spent,  were  few 
inhabitants,  except  a  tribe  of  the  Pottawatomie 
Indians,  which  had  its  camping-ground  near 
his  father's  ;  but  when  he  had  reached  the  age 


634 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


of  twelve,  white  inhabitants  had  hegun  to  grow 
more  numerous,  and  Sehool-houses  began  to  be 
established,  and  from  that  time  until  he  was 
sixteen  yeai-s  of  ago  he  attended  the  District 
School;  and  althougli  the  course  of  instruction 
was  of  tlio  crudest  nature,  he  nevertheless  ob- 
tained a  fair  knowledge  of  the  fundamental 
branches.  Soon  alter  he  attended  a  select 
School  at  Adrian,  Michigan,  from  whence  he 
went  to  Albion,  Michigan,  attending  the  Semi- 
nary which  tinally  develojjed  into  what  is  now 
known  as  Albion  College.  Uere  he  continued 
his  studies  until  the  age  of  twenty,  one,  teach- 
ing School,  in  the  meantime,  to  help  himself 
along.  In  1850  Mr.  Pratt  commenced  his  legal 
studies,  by  entering  a  law  office  in  Adrian, 
where  he  remained  as  a  law-student  but  a 
short  time.  Then  going  to  Toledo,  he  en- 
tered the  office  of  Hill  and  Perigo,  where  he 
remained  two  years,  at  the  end  of  which  period 
he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar.  After  his  admis- 
sion, Mr.  Pratt  succeeded  Mr.  Perigo  in  the 
firm,  which  continued  as  Hill  and  Pratt  until 
18G1.  At  this  time  Mr.  Hill  entered  the  Union 
Army  as  Brigadier  General,  and  served  during 
the  Rebellion.  Although  the  firm  was  known 
as  Hill  and  Pratt  until  1870,  Mr.  Hill  had  little 
connection  with  it  after  18(51.  The  firm  is  now 
Pratt,  Wilson  and  Pratt,  his  sou  Henry  S. 
Pratt  being  the  junior  partner.  Mr.  Pratt's 
earlier  inclinations  were  toward  the  jjrofession 
he  now  follovxs,  against  the  earnest  wish  of  his 
parents;  but  being  confident  of  his  fitness  for 
this  calling,  he  adopted  it,  and  has  attained 
marked  success.  His  pi'ofessional  life  has  been 
of  very  even  tenor.  He  has  alwaj's  been  what 
may  be  termed  a  general  lawyer,  without  any 
specialty  in  his  practice.  He  has  alwaj'S  pre- 
ferred the  legitimate  practice  of  his  profession, 
and  has  often  declined  official  ])ositions,  and 
never  was  ambitious  for  political  distinction. 
His  ambition  has  been  confined  to  the  engross- 
ing duties  of  his  profession.  Politicallj',  Mr. 
Pratt  was  originall}-  a  Whig  and  then  a  Re- 
publican, having  made  his  first  political  speech 
for  Fremont  in  1856.  Mr.  Pratt's  prominent 
position  at  the  Bar  has  been  the  result  of 
patient  toil,  added  to  his  natural  mental  quali- 
fications for  his  chosen  profession.  Besides 
acknowledged  ability  and  success  as  a  lawyer, 
he  is  also  an  active  leader  in  Political,  City, 
and  Church  affairs.  He  has  done  valuable 
service  in  the  City  Council,  both  as  a  member 
and  President.  He  has  also  been  a  member  of 
the  Westminster  Presbyterian  Church  for  more 
than  twenty  3  ears,  having  been  one  of  its  Trus- 
tees since  its  organization,  and  for  many  years 
President  of  the  Board  of  Trustees.  He  has 
also  been  President  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  Association 
and  an  active  Temperance  and  Sunday  School 
worker.  Though  one  of  the  most  laborious 
men  in  his  profession,  he  has  always  found  time 
to  discharge  the  duties  incumbent  upon  every 
good    citizen    and  well-wisher  of    the    public 


prosperity.  That  he  should  occupy  a  high 
and  respected  position  in  a  community  where 
he  is  so  well  known,  is  the  natural  and  just  re- 
ward of  those  qualities  of  mind  and  heart 
which  have  made  him  professionally,  so<;ially 
and  morally  an  honorable  lawyer,  a  good  citi- 
zen, and  an  affectionate  husband  and  father. 
Mr.  Pratt  was  first  married  in  1853,  but  his 
wife  soon  after  died.  In  1857,  he  married  his 
present  wife,  Catherine  Sherring.  The  result 
of  this  union  is  seven  children,  all  of  whom 
are  living. 

JOHN  C.  LEE,  of  Toledo,  was  born  January 
7, 1828,  in  Brown  Township,  Delaware  County, 
Ohio.  His  ancestors  on  both  sides,  were  from 
the  North  of  Ireland.  His  parents,  Hugh  Lee, 
and  Mary  A.  Lee,  were  natives  of  Virginia,  and 
came  to  Ohio  soon  after  their  marriage,  settling 
in  Delaware  County.  The  mother  died  in  1836, 
and  the  family  removed  to  the  Town  of  Dela- 
ware in  1838,  where  they  remained  un.il  1844, 
when  they  went  to  Union  County,  and  in  1847 
to  Tiffin,  Seneca  County,  and  thence,  in  1851, 
to  the  West,  where  the  father  pursued  farming 
until  his  death  in  Missouri,  in  1859,  at  the  age 
of  61  years.  The  educational  privileges  of  the 
son  began  in  a  rude  log  School-house,  and  were 
limited  to  that  .until  the  removal  of  the  family 
to  Delaware,  where  the  way  was  opened  for  his 
preparation  for  Central  College,  Franklin 
County,  where  he  was  for  one  year,  whence  he 
went  to  Western  Reserve  College  at  Hudson, 
in  1845,  and  was  graduated  in  1848.  For  two 
years  he  taught  Academies — one  at  Atwater, 
Portage  County,  and  one  at  Tiffin.  Selecting 
the  law  for  his  profession,  he  entered  the  office 
of  R.  G.  Pennington,  Esq.,  at  Tiffin,  in  1850, 
and  pursued  his  reading  until  Jul}-,  1852,  when 
he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar,  and  became  a 
partner  of  his  tutor,  whom  he  soon  succeeded 
in  his  practice.  Two  jears  later,  N.  L.  Brewer 
began  the  reading  of  law  with  Mr.  Lee  and 
upon  admission  to  the  Bar,  became  a  partner. 
In  1857,  Mr.  Lee  was  the  Republican  candidate 
for  Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas  Court,  with 
George  E.  Seney  (Democrat)  as  the  successful 
candidate.  Upon  the  outbreak  of  the  Rebel- 
lion in  April,  1861,  Mr.  Lee  surrendered  his 
professional  business  to  enter  the  military  ser- 
vice of  the  Government,  enlisting  in  the  Fiftj-- 
Fifth  Ohio  Volunteer  Inlantry,  of  which  he 
was  at  once  made  the  Major,  and  was  promoted 
to  its  Coloneic}'  before  reaching  the  field.  In 
January,  1862,  he  reported  his  command  to 
General  Rosecrans  in  West  Virginia.  At  Moore- 
field  the  Regiment  first  met  the  enemj',  who 
were  defeated  and  the  Town  taken.  After  spend- 
ing the  month  of  March  as  a  member  of  a  Court- 
martial,  at  Charlestown,  Colonel  Lee  rejoined 
the  Regiment  at  Romney.  By  order  of  General 
R.  C.  Schenck,  he  was  given  command  of  the 
District  of  the  South  Potomac,  and  in  May, 
1862,  under  that  officer,  marched  for  the  relief 


C7^JCcy/cl^.tM^ 


LUCAS  BENCH  AND  BAR. 


535 


of  General  Milroj-,  at  McDowell;  took  part  in 
the  Shenandoah  campaign  ;  and  was  in  the 
battles  of  Freeman's  Ford,  White  Sulphur 
Springs,  Warrenton,  Bi'istow's  Station,  New 
Baltimore,  New  Market,  Thoroughfare  (iap, 
Gainesville,  Chautilly,  the  Second  Bull  Run, 
and  others,  in  which  he  bore  parts  which  chal- 
lenged the  approval  of  his  superior  ofticcrs.  At 
Chancellorsville,  in  18G3,  Colonel  Lee  com- 
manded a  Brigade,  consisting  of  the  Twenty- 
Fifth,  Fifty-Fifth,  Seventy-Fifth  and  One  Hun- 
dred and  Seventh  Ohio  Regiments,  who  did 
noble  service  there,  while  their  commander's 
prominence  was  indicated  by  his  horse  being 
shot  under  him.  In  May,  18(53,  in  consequence 
of  the  death  of  a  child  and  the  serions  illness 
of  Mrs.  Lee,  the  Colonel  was  forced  to  leave 
the  field,  and  his  resignation  was  accepted  May 
18,  1863.  During  the  ensuing  political  cam- 
paign in  Ohio,  Colonel  Lee  took  an  active  part 
in  support  of  John  Brough,  and  against  C.  L. 
Vallandigham,  candidates  for  Governor  of 
Ohio.  The  condition  of  his  familj-  warranting 
his  absence  from  home  in  the  Spi-ing  of  1804, 
be  accepted  the  command  of  the  One  Hundred 
and  Sixty-Fourth  Regiment  Ohio  Volunteer 
Infantry  (National  Guard),  which  was  assigned 
for  service  chiefly  about  the  fortifications  of 
Washington  City,  where  it  remained,  with 
more  or  less  of  activity,  until  the  aggressive 
movements  of  Grant  about  Richmond,  com- 
pelled the  abandonment  of  the  Rebel  move- 
ment against  the  Capital.  During  May, 
June  and  July  of  18G4,  he  was  in  com- 
mand of  all  troops  fi-om  Long  Bridge  to 
Chain  Bridge  in  the  defenses  of  Washington. 
His  military  service,  throughout,  was  marked 
by  a  degree  of  intelligence,  earnestness,  devo- 
tion and  consideration  for  his  command,  which 
from  the  first  challenged  the  admiration  and 
confidence  of  superiors  and  subordinates.  In 
good  conduct  and  discipline,  his  command  evi- 
denced the  thoughtful  care  which  alone  could 
have  secured  to  them  such  distinction.  The 
reports  of  Second  Bull  Rtm  made  special  men- 
tion of  Colonel  Lee's  efficiency  in  command. 
His  regiment  had  been  sent  to  an  advanced 
position,  of  special  peril,  and  during  the  fight 
a  Rebel  force  made  a  flank  movement,  forming 
a  line  at  right-angle  with  the  LTnion  lines, 
making  necessary  a  change  of  front  by  Colonel 
Lee,  whose  command  already  was  largely  dis- 
organized bj'  being  compelled  to  fall  back  to 
the  main  line  from  the  advanced  position  to 
which  he  had  been  assigned.  Regardless  of 
Company  organization,  which  was  lost,  and 
under  the  raking  fire  of  the  enemy,  he  was  able 
to  change  front  successfully  by  Battalion — in- 
stead of  by  Companies.  Such  operation,  under 
the  circumst;inces  stated,  could  be  possible 
only  with  men  well  disciplined  and  with  full 
confidence  in  their  commander.  Upon  leaving 
the  Army,  General  Lee  resumed  the  practice 
of  the  law  at  Tiffin.     With  this  he  was  largely 


identified  with  different  interests  of  a  public 
nature,  serving  for  five  years  as  a  member  of 
the  City  Board  of  Education,  and  for  seven 
years  as  Chief  Engineer  o(  the  Fire  De))art- 
ment.  In  186!)  he  removed  to  Toledo,  where 
he  tlien  formed  a  partnership  witli  James  M. 
Brown,  who  had  been  a  student  under  him  at 
Titlin.  This  firm  continued  until  18.S2,  when  a 
son  of  the  senior  jiartuer  (Henry  F.  Lou),  was 
admitted,  the  firm  name  becoming  Lee,  Bi-own 
&  Lee.  This  arrangement  continued  until  the 
retirement  of  the  junior  partner  in  1.S87.  For 
a  few  years  after  becoming  ;i  voter,  Mr.  Lee 
acted  with  the  Whigs,  but  from  its  organiza- 
tion he  has  co-operated  with  the  licpuldicau 
party,  both  as  a  voter  and  in  such  more  general 
methods  as  occasions  have  opened  to  him. 
Upon  the  declination  by  Samuel  Galloway,  in 
1867,  of  a  nomination  as  the  Republican  can- 
didate for  Lieutenant-Governor,  General  Lee 
was  selected  for  that  position,  and  was  elected, 
being  again  nominated  and  elected  to  the  same 
place  in  1869,  serving  for  both  terms  with 
Governor  R.  B.  Haj'es.  As  presiding  officer  of 
the  State  Senate,  he  commanded  the  respect 
and  (confidence  of  that  body,  irrespective  of 
political  divisions.  On  the  occasions  of  three 
State  Republican  Conventions,  he  was  called 
to  pi-eside  over  the  same.  In  1868  he  was  a 
delegate-at-large  from  Ohio  to  the  Republican 
National  Convention  ;  was  a  Presidential 
Elector-at-large  for  Ohio,  and  President  of  the 
State  Electoral  College  in  1872.  He  was  ap- 
pointed United  States  Attorney  for  the  North- 
ern District  of  Ohio,  in  1877,  his  term  expiring 
in  March,  1881.  His  special  qualities  both  as 
debater  and  orator,  eiivly  made  him  a  favorite 
with  public  assemblages,  of  all  kinds,  his  power 
in  political  discussions  being  exceptionally 
great.  The  appreciation  of  his  talents  and 
character  is  best  seen  in  the  extent  to  which 
his  services  have  been  called  in  ]mblic  ways. 
Though  without  Church  connection,  he  has  for 
many  j'ears  been  identified  with  Presb3-terian 
and  Congregational  Churches;  and  while  an 
earnest  advocate  of  Temperance,  he  has  not 
acted  with  a  political  Temperance  party.  May 
26,  1853,  General  Lee  was  married  at  Tiffin, 
witli  Miss  Charlotte  E.  Hoffman,  a  native  of 
Germany.  There  were  born  to  them  three 
children— a  daughter  (now  dead),  and  two 
sons,  Frank  A.  and  Henry  E.  Lee,  both  now 
residents  of  Toledo. 

FRANCIS  L.  NICHOLS  was  born  July  U, 
1805,  in  the  Town  of  Norway,  Herkimer 
County,  New  York.  His  father  w  as  a  farmer, 
and  his  opportunities  for  obtaining  an  educa- 
tion were  meagre,  consisting  of  an  annual  terra 
of  three  months  in  an  ordinary  country  School. 
His  fatlier  had  a  large  tract  of  « ild  land  in 
Jefferson  County,  same  State,  and  from  1819  to 
1824  was  engaged  in  clearing  and  improving 
the  same,  with  no  School  of  any  sort  accessible 


536 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


for  two  years,  when  a  little  log  School-house 
was  provided,  without  chininej^  and  with  but 
three  small  windows  of  four  lights  each. 
Anxious  for  better  educational  facilities,  the 
sou  proposed  that  his  father  allow  him  to 
return  to  Fairfield,  Herkimer  County,  that  he 
mig-iit  attend  an  Academy  there  and  thus 
qualily  himself  to  teach.  The  parent  not  ap- 
proving such  i^hin,  the  son  continued  work  on 
the  farm  ;  but  having  obtained  from  a  friend, 
a  £;rammar,  he  carried  the  same  with  him, 
stmlying  it  as  he  had  opportunity  at  work 
in  the  field  and  elsewhere.  When  21  years  of 
age,  he  resolved  to  leave  the  farm;  but  fortu- 
nately for  him,  about  that  time  his  lather  ex- 
changed his  farm  for  one  in  Fairfield,  Herki- 
mer County,  near  to  which  was  an  Academy, 
which  the  son  attended  for  one  term  and  until 
qualified  to  teach  a  common  country  School, 
which  he  did  for  four  terras.  Without  means 
requisite  for  pursuing  his  plan  of  studies,  he 
turned  his  attention  to  the  pursuit  of  business, 
and  soon  entered  a  store,  acting  as  clerk  at 
$5.00  per  month  for  one  )  ear,  when  he  engaged 
at  another  place  at  S300  per  year,  with  Hon. 
Alex.  H.  Buell,  remaining  there  three  j-ears,  and 
then  without  capital  began  business  on  his  own 
account,  in  his  native  Town.  In  1830  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Jeannelte  Bushnell  and  continued  in 
trade  until  August  19,  1835.  Then  leaving 
that  country,  he  came  to  the  West,  with  §70  in 
cash,  and  without  known  destination.  He  left 
Herkimer  by  an  Erie  Canal  Line-boat,  being 
one  week  in  reaching  Buffalo,  whence  he  pro- 
ceeded by  Steamboat  to  Sandusk}-,  and  by  stage 
and  on  foot  to  Mansfield,  Mt.  Vernon  and 
Newark;  thence  by  Canal  to  Cleveland,  and 
by  Steamboat  to  Detroit.  Starting  from  there 
for  Chicago  by  open  mail  stage,  he  proceeded 
as  far  as  Michigan  City,  when  for  financial 
reasons,  he  deemed  it  better  to  return  East. 
Taking  a  Steamboat  at  Detroit  for  Toledo  and 
Cleveland,  lie  proceeded  to  the  latter  place, 
not  daring  even  to  laud  at  Toledo,  from  fear  of 
the  "  Maumee,"  as  the  prevalent  malarial  dis- 
eases there  were  then  called.  He  engaged  as 
clerk  in  the  Bank  of  Cleveland,  and  continued 
there  until  January,  1836,  when  he  accepted  a 
proposition  to  come  to  Manhattan,  a  new  Town 
then  just  projected  at  the  mouth  of  the  Maumee 
River,  to  assume  charge  of  a  .store  to  be  estab- 
lished by  the  Manhattan  Companj'.  The 
Cashier  of  the  Cleveland  Bank,  Alex.  Seymour, 
remonstrated  against  such  movement,  ])redict- 
ing  that  if  undertaken  he  would  not  live  six 
months.  January  IS),  1836,  he  took  stage  for 
Manhattan.  The  Manhattan  Company  soon 
di-scontinued  the  store.  Mr.  Nichols  then  took 
the  small  stock  left  and  continued  business 
until  1837,  when  came  the  financial  crash  so 
memorable  of  those  days,  which  made  a  sus- 
pension of  his  business  necessary.  At  that 
time  the  Township  of  Port  Lawrence  com- 
prised what  afterwards  were  Port   Lawrence, 


Manhattan,  Washington,  Oregon  and  part  of 
Adams.  Mr.  Nichols  was  one  of  the  Trustees  of 
Port  Lawrence.  Afterwards  when  Manhattan 
Township  was  organized,  he  became  a  Trustee 
of  the  same.  In  1841,  he  was,  against  his  will, 
elected  by  the  State  Legislature  an  Associate 
Judge  of  Lucas  County,  vice  John  Berdan,  de- 
ceased. At  the  outset  the  Court  was  con- 
fronted with  a  bitter  County-seat  controversy 
between  Toledo  and  Maumee,  and  the  Judges 
not  agreeing  as  to  which  of  these  places  was 
the  legal  seat  of  justice,  no  Court  was  held  in 
the  County  for  two  or  three  years,  resulting  in 
serious  damage  to  individual  and  ])ublic 
interests.  Finallj-,  Judge  E.  D.  Potter,  Presi- 
dent Judge  of  the  Circuit,  and  Judge  Nichols, 
determined  to  hold  a  term  of  Court  at  Toledo, 
without  the  presence  of  the  two  Associate 
Judges  favoring  the  claim  of  Maumee.  Sheriff 
E.  S.  Frost,  of  Maumee,  refusing  to  attend 
such  session,  the  Court  appointed  Daniel 
Segur  as  Sheriff  pro  lem.  The  Court  was  held 
at  the  Northeast  corner  (up  stairs)  of  Summit 
and  Cherry  Streets.  The  action  of  the  Court 
was  limited  pretty  much  to  probate  business, 
granting  of  licenses  for  ferries,  tavern  keepers, 
&c.  James  Mj'ers  was  appointed  Clerk  of  the 
Court,  and  held  the  office  until  April,  18-44, 
when  Judge  Nichols  succeeded  him,  resigning 
the  Judgeship,  and  removing  to  Maumee,  then 
the  County  seat,  where  he  purchased  the  resi- 
dence vacated  by  M.  R.  Waite,  now  Chief  Jus- 
tice of  the  United  States,  on  his  removal  to 
Toledo.  Upon  the  expiration  of  his  term  as 
Clerk,  Judge  Nichols  removed  to  Toledo,  and 
built  the  residence  since  occupied  by  him  at 
the  corner  of  Galena  Street  and  Summit  Ave- 
nue. The  County-seat  was  again  located  at 
Toledo,  upon  the  vote  of  the  people  in  1852,  and 
Judge  Nichols  was  elected  County  Clerk 
under  the  new  Constitution  in  1854,  serving 
for  three  j'ears.  John  Fitch  was  first  chosen 
Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas  Court  at  the  .same 
election.  Elijah  Dodd  was  then  the  Sheriff. 
At  the  expiration  of  his  term  as  Clerk,  Judge 
Nichols  retired  to  his  little  farm  then  just  out- 
side the  City  limits,  to  spend  the  remainder  of 
his  daj's  in  the  quiet  of  retirement.  At  the 
expiration  of  his  la.st  term  as  Clerk,  Judge 
Nichol.s  embarked  in  the  Stove  and  Hardware 
trade,  with  Mr.  J.  N.  Stevens,  but  soon  disposed 
of  his  interest  to  Mr.  Mavor  Brigham,  now  one 
of  the  veterans  of  Toledo.  In  1831,  Judge 
Nichols  united  with  the  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church,  which  connection  has  continued  since 
that  time.  For  many  j-ears  a  prominent  mem- 
ber of  Trinity,  he  was  one  of  tlie  principal 
organizers  of  Grace  Church,  Stickney  Avenue, 
Toledo,  contributing  liberally  toward  jjlacing 
the  new  organization  on  a  good  footing.  On 
the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion  in  18(51. 
though  then  by  several  jears  exempt  from 
military  service,  he  enlisted  as  a  2)rivate  Soldier 
in    Company  C,    Captain  Richard  Waite,  One 


LUCAS  BENCH  AND   BAR.  53" 


Hundred  and  Thirtieth  Ohio  Eegiment,  organ-  held  for  organization  against  the  Slave  power 
ized  primarily  for  the  defense  of  Ohio  from  wiiich  led  to  tlie  Hi'pul)Iic;ui  party,  with  which 
Eebol  raids,  but  serving  chiefly  on  Johnson's  he  has  since  been  an  eai'uest  anil  active  mem- 
Island  and  on  the  James  River  and  Ap])oniat-  her.  Beginning  with  Andrew  Jackson  in  1828, 
tox,  Virginia,  under  General  Grant.  At  the  ho  has  voted  at  every  Presidential  election 
latter  jilace  the  command  remained  until  the  since  tliul  time.  For  .several  years  past,  his 
expiration  of  its  term  of  enlistment,  in  Septem-  attention  has  been  largely  directed  to  the 
ber,  ISIU,  when  it  returned  home  and  was  management  of  his  real  estate.  Never  blessed 
niustered  out  Politically,  Judge  Nichols  was  with  children  of  their  own.  Judge  and  Mrs. 
oi'iginally  a  Democrat,  and  acted  with  that  Nichols  had  the  care  of  a  nephew  of  Mrs.  Nich- 
party  until  the  lines  between  Freedom  and  ols,  Geo.  F.  Colby,  from  infancy,  whom  they 
Slavery  were  so  squarely  drawn  in  the  attempt  educated  and  ])repared  for  tiie  pi'actice  of  law  ; 
to  force  Slavery  into  Kansas  and  Nebraska,  but  his  eyesight  failing,  he  was  compelled  to 
and  into  all  domain  of  the  Government,  in  1854.  relinquish  the  profession. 
He  was  Chairman  of  the  first  County  meeting 


PART     VII. 


HYGIENIC. 


CHAPTER    I. 


'THE    MEDICAL    PROFESSION. 


T 

I  Lucas  County  is  coeval  with  its  settle- 
ment. Amoncj^the  hardy  pioneers  who  came 
from  cultivated  homes  to  win  fame  and  fortune 
in  tlie  wilderness,  were  men  who  had  reputa- 
tion for  peculiar  knowledge  of  disease.  It 
cannot  be  truthfully-  said,  that  all  tho.se  who 
called  themselves  Physicians,  were  skilled  in 
the  arts  of  Medicine  and  Surgery;  but  the 
knowledge  possessed  was  so  heroicall}'  and 
jiersistently  made  use  of,  that  untold  benefit 
followed  in  the  path  trod  by  the  pioneer  Doctor. 

It  was  not  always  choice  that  led  to  the 
selection  of  a  locality  in  which  to  establish 
professional  reputation.  The  lives  of  many  of 
the  cultivated  Physicians  of  those  early  days 
reveal  the  fact  ihat  chance,  not  choice,  fre- 
quently led  to  the  opening  of  the  office,  or 
rather  to  the  anchoring  of  the  saddle-bags. 
When  a  successful  practitioner,  grown  gray  in 
tlie  service,  vras  asked  how  he  came  to  select  as 
his  home,  a  neighboring  Town,  which  to-day  is 
beautiful  and  lovel}',  among  the  fairest  of  the 
plain,  he  said  :  "  Pr.  W —  and  myself  came  to 
tliis  place  a  half  century  ago — not  because  we 
had  ever  heard  of  the  place,  but  because,  in 
trying  to  get  to  a  chosen  tield,  we  'got  stuck 
in  the  mud  '  here.  To  go  back  was  mud  ;  to 
go  forward,  was  more  mud ;  and  so  we  planted 
ourselves  here  to  grow  up  with  the  country,  and 
benefit  those  who  might  desire  our  professional 
assistance." 

The  trials  and  tribulations  of  the  early-day 
Doctors  cannot  be  thoroughly  appreciated  by 
those  of  to-day.  Settled  in  a  supposed  business 
center,  with  no  incentive  to  work,  except 
the  desire  to  assist  suffering  humanity,  the 
disappointments  and  hardships  encountered 
seem  almost  incredible.  With  no  road  but  the 
lii'idle-path  through  an  almost  impassable 
wilderness — with  rivers  to  lord  or  swim — pro- 
visions to  carry — storms  to  encounter  and  dis- 
tances to  be  overcome — the  pioneer  Physician 
was  a  hero,  and  should  be  honored  as  such. 
To  hear  from  lips  still  living  of  the  experiences 
of  the  frontier  life  of  that  early  day,  and  to 
converse  with  those  who  have  seen  everything 
that  makes  a  countrj-  desirable,  brought 
from  the  wilds  of  the  wilderness  into  culti- 
vated beauty,  is  a  J03'  that  is  fast  passing  away, 
as  one  by  one  their  ej  es  are  closed  in  the 
eternal  sleep.  Medical  men  are  still  living 
with  lis,  who  have  seen  all  these  changes  and 
experienced   all  these    discomforts,   and  as  the 


individual  histories  of  these  men  are  perused, 
a  clearer  and  more  complete  understanding 
will  be  gained  of  the  experiences  of  Ihoso  who 
have  suffered,  that  we  may  enjoy  to  the  full. 

For  some  years  before   name  was  given  to 
Toledo,  settlements  had  been  made  at  various 
points  on  the  River,  both  above  and  below  our 
present  City.     Maumee,  above,  had  attracted 
attention,   and    with   the  tide  of  immigration 
tending  toward  that  point,  we  find  that  phy- 
sicians were  necessary,  and   the  demand  being 
supplied,  our  history  of  the  medical  profession 
will,  therefore,  begin  with  the  men  who  were 
first  to  make  their  homes  in  that  localitj-.     It 
must  not  be  supposed  that  the  practices  of  these 
pioneers  were  limited  to  the  immediate  neigh- 
borhoods of  their  offices.     So  few  and  scattered 
were  the  homes  of  the  frontier  settlers,  that 
the  demands  for  medical  assistance  often  came 
from  3(1  or  more  miles  distant.     It  was  no  un- 
common thing  for  a  call  to  come  from  Defiance 
or  other  places  equally  remote  to  the  first  set- 
tlers   at   Maumee,     At    this   time    there    was, 
perhaps,    no  more  unhealthy  place  upon    the 
whole  continent   than    at  this  j^oint  of  Wood 
and    Lucas    Counties.     The    River,    from    its 
headwaters  at  Fort  Wayne,  ran  slowly  through 
the  marshes  of  the  Black  Swamp.     The  land 
being  flat  and  covered  with    forests,  with  no 
drainage,  was  a  hot-bed  of  miasm,  and  was  as 
uninviting  as  possible  to  the  frontiersman.     As 
land  was  redeemed  from  its  primitive  condi- 
tion, after  the  plow-furrow  followed  the  malaria, 
until  whole  communities  were  prostrated- with 
the  dread  fever  and  ague.     Medicine  and  med- 
ical men  were  in  great  demand,  and  so  those 
first  to  locate  had  all    that  they  could  do  to 
answer  the  calls  of  the  suflTering.     Most  of  these 
men  have  passed   away,  there  remaining  but 
three  to  tell  the  tales  of  primitive  times,  Drs. 
Clark  and  Chase,  of  Toledo,  and  Dr.   Pray,  of 
Waterville.     E'rom  the  lips  of  these  much  of 
the  following  history  has  been  obtained. 

The  first  physician  that  settled  in  this  region 
was  a  Dr.  Barton.  Nothing  can  be  said  of 
him,  except  that  he  located  about  the  Rapids 
of  the  Maumee  in  the  early  part  of  the  centurj', 
he  taking  the  place  of  the  Missionaries  who  had 
some  skill  in  the  healing  art,  being  accustomed 
to  aid  both  Indians  and  whites  when  called 
upon.  Dr.  Barton  was  still  at  Maumee  when 
Dr.  Conant  came  to  that  place  in  1816. 

Dr.  Horatio  Conant  was  born  in  Mansfield, 
Connecticut,  on  the  25th  of  November,  1785. 


[541] 


'  By  William  C.  Chapman,  M.  D.,  Toledo. 


54-_' 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


He  received  the  degree  of  A.  B.  in  1810,  at 
Middlebury  College,  and  in  1813  the  degree  of 
A.  M.  He  was  engaged  two  and  a  half  years 
as  tutor  in  the  College.  He  stndied  anatomy 
at  iMalone,  New  York,  with  Dr.  Waterhouse. 
In  1815  he  visited  Detroit  and  spent  the  Win- 
ter with  his  brother,  a  merchant.  In  181G, 
with  Almon  Gibbs.  lie  opened  a  stock  of  goods 
on  the  Xortli  side  of  ttie  Eiver.  opposite  Fort 
Meigs.  Continuing  mercantile  business  about 
one  year,  he  commenced  the  practice  of  medi- 
cine, and,  although  at  different  periods  he  held 
official  positions,  such  as  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas.  Postmaster.  CoUectDr  of  Cus- 
toms, Justice  of  the  Peace  for  nearly  half  a 
centur}^,  and  the  office  of  County  Clerk  after 
the  organization  of  Lucas  County,  he  made  his 
profession  his  chief  business.  His  professional 
visits  extended  up  the  Maumee  Eiver  to  De- 
fiance; embraced  all  the  country  below  ;  North 
to  the  Raisin  Eiver,  and  East  antl  South  to  the 
Portage  Eiver  and  Blanchard's  Fork  ;  and  on 
one  occasion  as  far  as  Fort  Wayne.  In  making 
a  horseback  trip  to  Defiance  once  during  the 
Spring,  he  was  obliged  to  swim  eight  streams. 
At  Defiance  he  left  his  horse  and  jjurchased  a 
canoe,  in  which  he  floated  to  his  home.  In 
December,  1817,  Dr.  Conant  married  Mrs.  Eliza 
Forsyth,  widow  of  Captain  Forsyth.  In  1828 
Mrs.  Conant  died,  and  in  1832  he  again  married, 
his  second  wife  being  Mrs.  Eunice  Upton,  who 
died  June  8,  1877.  Dr.  Conant  died  December 
10,  1879,  aged  94  years.  As  indicated  by  the 
above  statement  (furnished  by  his  step-daugh- 
ter, Mrs.  S.  M.  Young,  of  Toledo),  he  was  an 
active,  earnest  worker  in  his  profession.  That 
he  stood  high  in  the  community  is  made  appar- 
ent by  his  continuance  in  offices  of  jniblic  trust 
for  many  years.  As  with  many  men  of  sterling 
worth,  his  unassuming  manner  and  pleasing 
address  always  gained  for  him  the  respect  and 
confidence  of  all  who  knew  him. 

Dr.  Walter  Colton,  fiither  of  the  late  Carlos 
Colton,  of  Toledo,  was  born  in  New  England 
in  1773,  where  having  spent  50  years  of  his 
life,  he  concluded  to  move  Westward,  and 
selected  Maumee  as  the  place  for  a  home.  To 
this  place  he  came  in  1823,  when  there  was 
nothinsi  there  but  a  very  few  houses.  He  re- 
mained in  Maumee  until  1827,  when  he 
removed  to  Monroe,  Michigan,  where  he  re- 
mained until  his  death,  which  occurred  Sep- 
tember 26,  1834,  of  cholera.  Dr.  Colton  was 
esteemed  as  a  Physician.  He  was  strong  in  his 
convictions,  and  when  satisfied  that  his  treat- 
ment was  correct,  no  one  could  change  him. 
His  views  of  the  treatment  of  cholera  were 
peculiar,  viz.:  that  by  partaking  inwardly  of 
cold  water  only,  and  injecting  the  veins  with 
a  large  quantity  of  common  salt  in  warm  water, 
he  could  best  combat  the  disease.  This  belief 
was  so  strong  that  he  insisted  upon  it  in  treat- 
ment of  himself  Dr.  Colton  was  grandfather 
of  A.  W.  Colton,  now  living  in  Toledo. 


Dr.  Oscar  White  was  born  November  18, 
1809,  at  Ackworth,  New  Hampshire,  a  .^mall 
Village  where  School  privileges  were  limited. 
His  father,  Samuel  White,  was  of  the  old 
Puritan  stock  ;  his  mother  was  a  granddaugh- 
ter of  Israel  Putnam.  Oscar  was  the  eldest  of 
a  largo  family  of  boys,  and  was  early  in 
life  trained  to  hard  work.  His  father  was  con- 
sidered well-to  do,  owning  bis  farm  of  50  acres 
upon  which  was  situated  a  large  tannery, 
which  he  managed  with  the  help  of  his  boys. 
There  was  plenty  of  everjthing  but  money. 
Oscar,  fully  understanding  the  difficulties  in 
the  way,  decided  when  quite  young,  to  get  an 
education,  and  if  possible  studj^nedicine.  He 
struggled  along,  working  days  and  stud3Mng 
nights,  until  he  reached  his  14th  birthday. 
At  this  time  his  uncle,  Dr.  Charles  White,  in- 
vited him  to  live  with  him,  promising  to  aid 
him  in  everj^  possible  way.  Dr.  Charles 
having  no  children,  his  offer  was  thank- 
fullj'  accepted,  and  the  next  three  years 
were  passed  by  Oscar  in  study  and  in  help- 
ing his  uncle  about  the  office  and  house. 
He  next  entered  Dartmouth  College,  taking 
first  the  academic  and  then  the  medical 
course.  In  1829,  at  the  age  of  20  he  was 
graduated,  taking  the  degree  of  Doctor  of 
Medicine.  A  few  months  thereafter  Dr.  White 
started  out  to  find  a  home  in  the  far  West,  Ohio 
being  at  that  time  considered  the  very  outpost 
of  civilization.  After  a  limited  survev  he  de- 
termined to  locate  in  Detroit,  and  was  looking 
up  suitable  quarters,  when  he  received  a  call 
from  Dr.  Conant,  who  had  located  .some  time 
before  in  Maumee,  who  came  to  urge  him  to 
settle  with  him, as  he  considered  it  a  much  better 
opening  for  a  young  Physician.  Before  com- 
ing to  Michigan,  Dr.  White  had  visited  Maumee 
and  decided  against  it,  thinking  the  work  onlj- 
sufficient  for  one.  Having  so  decided,  he  at 
first  refused  Dr.  Conant,  but  after  a  time  was 
over  persuaded,  and  the  two  returned  together 
to  Maumee  City,  when  a  partnership  was 
entered  into  which  extended  over  a  period  of 
many  years,  and  a  fi-iendship  was  formed  which 
was  only  terminated  by  death.  The  practice 
thus  begun  extended  in  a  few  years  to  large 
proportions,  so  that  Dr.  White  was  called  from 
DefiaTice,  from  Tecumseh,  Michigan,  and  as  far 
in  other  directions.  With  no  roads  save 
bridle-paths,  he  was  often  compelled  to  ride 
horseback  days  at  a  stretch  in  order  to  reach 
his  patients;  fording  streams;  wet  often  for 
hours,  and  chilled  with  the  fierce  winds,  often 
in  winter  having  his  clothing  frozen  upon  his 
person,  there  being  no  houses  to  stop  at;  riding 
night  and  day,  summer  and  winter,  keeping  a 
relay  of  horses  where  most  needed.  This  he 
did  for  many  years,  and  until  the  laborious  and 
exhausting  effects  of  his  efforts  made  him  pre- 
maturel}'  aged  and  infirm,  and  necessitated 
the  abandonment  of  his  much  loved  profession. 
In   1834  Dr.  White  married  Miss  Anna  Maria 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


riJ3 


.I.icksoii,  daughter  of  .laiiios  Jackson,  first 
Aiifiit  for  the  Ottawa  Indians,  who  were  then 
living  in  this  section.  Mr.  Jackson  was  ap- 
pointeii  by  President  Jackson,  a  first  cousin  of 
his.  The  same  year  the  sniall-pox  hrol^e  out 
among  tiie  Indians,  and  raade  fearful  inroads, 
many  d3-ing  of  tiie  scourge.  Fearing  the  dis 
ease  would  spread  to  other  tribes,  the  Govern- 
ment ordei-ed  the  Ottawas  vaccinated,  and  J)r. 
"White  was  appointed  to  do  the  work.  The 
Indians  were  terror-stricken  at  this  order, 
thinking  it  a  new  method  for  exterminating 
them,  and  at  first  refused  to  submit;  but  after 
a  time  they  were  persuaded  and  were  all  vac- 
cinated, and  soon  the  dread  disease  disap- 
peared. When  performing  this  work,  Dr. 
White  came  near  losing  his  life.  Not  under- 
standing the  Indian  language,  an  interpreter 
was  furnished  him.  and  an  old  Indian  who  had 
some  influence  with  the  Chiefs  was  chosen  for 
this  purpose.  Through  some  misunderstand- 
ing about  the  place  of  meeting.  Dr.  White 
reacheil  the  Indian  Camp  first,  and  thinking 
the  matter  had  been  fully  explained,  he  opened 
his  saddle-bags,  took  out  his  case  of  instru- 
ments, and  prepared  to  commence  operations. 
Seeing  only  dark  and  scowling  faces  about 
him,  he  wondered,  but  being  of  a  fearless 
nature,  was  not  frightened.  He  caught  a  little 
boj-  standing  watching  him,  and  proceeded  to 
vaccinate  him.  The  child  screamed  and  in  a 
moment  the  whole  camp  was  aroused.  All  the 
Indians,  male  and  female,  rusiied  to  rescue 
the  papoose,  and  but  for  the  timelj'  arrival  of 
the  interpreter,  Dr.  White  woukl  not  have  vac- 
cinated another  papoose.  In  1858,  Dr.  White 
removed  to  Toledo,  where  he  lived  until  called 
away  from  earthly  scenes  in  1883,  being  at  the 
time  of  his  death  74  j-ears  of  age,  over  50  years 
of  his  life  having  been  spent  in  the  Maumee 
Valley.  Within  that  time  he  had  seen  all  there 
had  been  of  its  growth  and  development.  At 
the  time  of  his  coming,  tiiere  was  only  one  log- 
house  on  the  present  site  of  Toledo.  Maumee 
was  the  metropolis  of  the  sparselv  settled  dis- 
trict. For  the  last  years  of  Dr.  White's  life  he 
was  invalided  through  an  attack  of  jiaralysis, 
occasioned  by  his  hard  and  laboi'ious  work 
during  the  I'ariier  part  of  his  life.  He  gave  to 
the  Toledo  Meilical  Association  his  large  and 
valualile  library,  which  he  had  accumulated 
iluring  his  practice.  A  kindly,  helpful,  gentle 
s])irit  passed  away  when  he  sank  to  rest,  and 
the  world  is  lietter  for  the  memory  and  exam- 
ple he  has  left. 

Dr.  J.  V.  D.  Sutphen  was  born  July  24,  1802, 
in  Hunterdon  County,  New  Jersey.  He  at- 
tended School  in  New  Brunswick,  afterwards 
studied  medicine  with  Dr.  Vandenburg  of  Som- 
erset County;  took  a  course  of  lectures  in 
New  York,  and  afterwards  at  Castleton,  Ver- 
mont, where  he  was  giaduated  in  1824.  He 
came  to  Toledo  in  1825.  Subsequent!}-  he 
bought  an  interest  in  77  acres  of  land,  elsewhere 


referred  to  as  ])urcha8od  <if  him  by  J.  \V.  Scott. 
U])on  this  land  he  erecteii  his  dwelling  and 
commenceil  tiie  practice  of  his  profession.  Tiiis 
dwelling  was  a  small  log  house  and  stood  where 
the  late  Mrs.  Holmes's  residence  now-  is,  on 
Madison  Street,  cornei-  of  Fifteenth.  In  the 
yeai-  1S27,  Dr.  Sut]ihen  married  .Mrs.  Mary 
Rose,  a  ste]i-sister  of  ^Mrs.  Sanfiird  L.  Collins, 
and  to  them  wci'e  born  five  childi-cn — two 
sons  and  three  daughters — all  living.  In  1832 
he  sold  70  acres  of  his  tract  of  land  to  Mr. 
Scott  for  $12  per  acre,  reserving  the  Westerly 
portion,  now-  know-n  as  the  Fitch  pi-opcrty,  for 
his  homestead,  erecting  thereon  a  commodious 
frame  house,  in  whicii  he  lived  for  several 
years.  On  the  breaking  out  of  the  Toledo 
War  he  espou.sed  the  cause  of  Michigan,  believ- 
ing she  was  right  in  her  claim.  When  the  ques- 
tion was  finally  decided,  he  w-as  so  deeply  cha- 
grined that  he  dotermine<l  to  remove  to  his  be- 
loved Michigan.and  selling  his  house  in  the  year 
1836,  he  removed  to  Berrien,  St.  Joseph  County, 
and  after  devoting  himself  to  his  professional 
duties  for  several  years,  he  moved  to  Clay 
County,  Indiana,  where  he  died  in  1856.  Dr. 
Sutphen  was  an  educated  physician  ;  was  grad- 
uated in  Eastern  Schools,  and  came  to  the  West, 
hoping  to  build  up  a  successful  practice.  This 
he  did,  having  during  his  residence  in  Toledo 
gained  an  enviable  reputation.  His  friendships 
were  strong  and  lasting,  and  his  dis]iosition  one 
of  gentleness  and  benevolence.  A  friend,  who 
knew  him  intimately,  says,  "Speak  of  him  as  a 
more  than  ordinary  man,  both  as  a  physician 
and  a  gentleman."  It  was  unfortunate  that 
being  of  strong  prejudice,  he  should  allow  his 
feelings  to  overcome  his  judgment.  Against 
all  advice,  he  left  Ohio  where  he  had  estab- 
lished a  re2:)utation  for  ability,  and  located  far 
away  from  friends  and  acquaintances.  If  he 
had  remained  in  Toledo,  his  life  would  have 
been  one  of  great  usefulness,  and  he  would,  be- 
yond doubt,  have  reached  a  high  position  in 
his  professional  career.  Mrs.  Calvin  Bronson, 
of  Toledo,  a  sister  of  Dr.  Sutphen,  has  assisted 
in  the  relation  of  many  of  the  above  given 
facts. 

Dr.  John  Fassett  was  born  in  Bennington, 
Vermont,  December  17,  1769.  His  ancestors 
were  all  of  the  hardy  stock  which  made  New 
England  so  famous  for  strength  of  her  sons. 
His  father  was  a  Revolutionary  Soldier.  In 
early  life  the  Doctor  removed  to  Cambridge, 
Vermont,  and  w-hen  old  enough  was  sent  to 
Amherst,  New  Hampshire,  to  study  medicine 
with  Dr.  Peabodv,  who  gave  him  thorough  in- 
struction, thus  fitting  him  for  his  after  profes- 
sional life.  He  began  his  practice  in  Cam- 
bridge, his  home,  but  desiring  to  extend  his 
field  of  usefulness,  determined  to  move  West. 
Selecting  Vistula  as  his  future  home,  w-here 
he  arrived  on  October  12,  1832,  he  immediate- 
ly entered  80  acres  of  land,  at  what  is  now  the 
foot  of  Locust  Street.     As  there  was  no  tavern 


544 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


in  that  section  of  country,  lie  began  the  erec- 
tion of  a  hotel  building,  locating  it  ataboutthe 
siJOt  where  AVilliam  "Wilmington's  residence 
now  stands  (385  Summit  Street).  Ho  named 
it  the  "  Mansion  House."  It  yet  stands,  and  is 
one  of  the  oldest  in  Toledo,  having  been  moved 
to  Locust  Street,  just  North  of  the  corner  of 
Summit.  Having  completed  the  hotel,  he  im- 
mediately constructed  his  own  residence  of  logs 
on  the  present  site  of  Westminster  Church, 
Southeast  corner  of  Superior  and  Locust  Streets. 
There  being  then  no  other  Physician  in  the 
neighborhood,  and  much  sickness  prevailing. 
Dr.  Fassett  was  overworked  to  such  extent  that 
he  was  compelled  to  remove  from  the  West 
side  of  the  liiver,  and  crossed  to  the  East  side, 
and  established  himself  at  the  point  where  the 
Cherry  Street  bridge  now  terminates.  He 
named  his  home  Utah  Post  Office,  as  all  mail 
for  the  surrounding  country  was  left  there  for 
distribution.  Afterwards  the  name  was  changed 
to  Yondota,  and  again  to  Bast  Toledo.  Al- 
though desirous  of  giving  uji  his  profession  and 
devoting  himself  to  agriculture,  Dr.  Fassett 
was  never  permitted  to  do  so,  as  his  re23utation 
was  of  the  best  as  a  skillful  phj'sician.  During 
the  cliolera  epidemic  his  treatment  was  very 
successful.  He  died  in  May,  1853,  aged  84 
years. 

Dr.  Welcome  Praj'  was  born  in  the  Town  of 
Winfield,  Herkimer  County,  New  York,  on  Oc- 
tober 27,  1809.  Having  received  an  education 
from  the  Seiiools  of  that  part  of  the  State,  he 
attended  lectures  and  was  graduated  from  the 
Western  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons 
located  at  Fairfield,  New  York,  an  uncle,  Dr. 
Paris  Pray,  being  his  preceptor.  Having  re- 
ceived his  dijiloma  in  the  Spring  of  1830,  he 
immediately  began  the  practice  of  his  jirofes- 
sion,  but  being  a  young  man  he  believed  that 
his  field  for  usefulness  was  away  from  the 
scenes  of  his  bo3'hood,  and  so  chose  Ohio  as  his 
future  home,  removing  to  this  State  in  1833. 
Maumec  City  was  at  this  time  the  largest  place 
of  Northwestern  Ohio,  and  he  selected  the  Vil- 
lage of  Waterville,  only  a  few  miles  South  of 
that  metropolis.  Toledo  at  that  time  was  but 
a  hamlet,  not  even  having  received  its  name, 
for  Vistula  and  Port  Lawrence  were  separated 
by  forests  and  bluffs.  Many  a  time  our  pioneer 
Doctor  was  compelled  to  swim  his  horse 
in  crossing  Swan  Creek  when  desiring  to 
reach  Port  Lawrence.  Dr.  Pray  has  lived 
in  the  same  locality  for  53  years,  and  when 
visited  some  time  ago  at  his  liome,  was  able  to 
recall  many  incidents  of  his  professional  life, 
which  w-ere  interesting  and  instructive.  For 
some  time  past,  he  has  been  suffering  from  a 
partial  paralysis,  the  left  side  of  the  body 
being  almost  entirely  useless.  Notwithstand- 
ing this  affliction,  he  appears  to  be  as  well 
preserved  as  any  man  of  his  age  ;  and  aitiiough 
he  knows  his  life-work  is  ended,  he  still  liv'es 
to  enjoy  the  fruits  of  a  well-spent  and  useful  life. 


Dr.  Harvey  Burritt  was  a  native  of  Connec- 
ticut, having  been  born  in  that  State  in  1804. 
After  attending  School  for  some  years,  he 
began  reading  Medicine,  his  early  advantages 
in  the  study  of  his  profession  being  of  a  high 
order.  He  was  graduated  at  the  New  York 
College  of  Phj-sicians  and  Surgeons  under  the 
tuition  of  those  giants  of  the  profession  of  that 
daj',  Willoughby,  Delamater,  McNaughton, 
Rome3'n,  Beck  and  others.  His  professional 
attainments  corresponded  with  the  advantages 
possessed,  of  which  his  highly  successful 
practice  in  Wood  Countj',  as  well  as  at  Maumee 
City,  furnishes  ample  demonstration.  He 
came  to  the  Maumee  Valley  in  1833,  and  set- 
tled at  Gilead,  Wood  County,  where  for  nearlj- 
20  years  he  followed  the  practice  of  Medicine 
with  continued  success,  beloved  and  honored 
hy  all  classes  of  his  fellow-citizens.  In  1853, 
he  removed  to  Maumee  City,  where  he  was  en- 
gaged in  his  professional  duties  until  his  death. 
An  old  acquaintance  of  30  years'  standing 
observed  :  "  I  can  most  trulj'  sa.y  of  him,  tliat 
ver}'  few  more  useful  men  ever  lived  in 
this  Valley.  I  never  knew  a  Physician  who 
practiced  the  profession  with  as  much  assiduity, 
or  who  with  equal  generosity  attended  on  both 
rich  and  poor.  The  hearts  of  thousands  will 
beat  w^ith  emotion,  and  their  eyes  fill  with  tears 
at  the  announcement  of  his  demise."  Dr.  Bur- 
ritt married  on  December  13,  1831,  in  Camp- 
belltown,  New  York,  Miss  Babcock,  who 
survived  him,  his  death  occurring  on  February 
10,  1868,  at  Maumee  City.  An  only  child,  Dr. 
W.  H.  Burritt,  is  living  and  following  his 
father's  profession  at  the  old  home,  from 
whom  was  obtained  the  foregoing  history. 

Dr.  Jacob  Clark  was  born  June  8,  1807,  at 
Poughkeepsie,  New  York;  studied  medicine 
with  Dr.  Caleb  Pierce  of  St.  Lawrence  County, 
New  York,  and  was  grailuated  at  Burling- 
ton, Vermont,  in  1828.  After  practicing  at 
Canton,  St.  Law'rence  County,  he  removed  to 
Toledo  in  1834,  where  he  still  lives,  one  of 
the  three  living  pioneer  Doctors.  At  the  time 
of  his  arrival  on  the  Maumee  there  were  but 
few  houses,  and  the  whole  River  front  from 
Oak  to  Lagrange  Street  was  a  dense  forest, 
with  wild  rice  growing  into  the  River  from 
both  shores.  Many  a  night  the  Doctor  has  sat 
upon  his  door-step  and  heard  wolves  answer- 
ing wolves  on  the  opposite  shore  of  the  River. 
His  first  residence  is  still  standing,  now  called 
the  Laird  House,  461  Summit  Street.  During 
the  year  1838  scarcelj-  any  rain  fell,  and  the 
whole  earth  was  parched  and  burnt.  The 
Canal  was  being  dug  and  a  large  number  of 
Irish  laborers  were  camped  along  the  line  upon 
the  flats.  Most  of  them  were  too  sick  to  work, 
and  endeavored  to  drown  their  sorrows  with 
whisky.  Many  interesting  anecdotes  are  re- 
lated by  the  Doctor  in  describing  his  endeavors 
to  treat  these  poor  destitute  sufferers.  Toledo  at 
this  time  was  perhaps  among  the  most  unheallh- 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSTON. 


645 


fill  places  in  the  universe.  During  the  cholera 
epidemic,  in  1849,  the  call  for  assistance  was  so 
great  that  Dr.  Clark,  as  well  as  all  other  Phy- 
sicians, was  nearly  worn  out  by  his  labors. 
No  success  followed  the  treatment  as  generally 
pursued,  but  adojiting  a  method  of  bleeding, 
as  recommended  by  foreign  Physicians,  the 
number  of  his  recoveries  was  remarkable  En- 
thusiastically, he  says;  "If  I  treated  cholera 
now,  I  would  bleed  and  save  my  patient — 
bleed  until  you  think  you  are  killing  the 
patient,  and  he  will  get  well."  At  the  age  of 
80  Dr.  Clark  retains  his  vigor,  and  his  erect 
form  maj'  be  seen  on  the  Streets  everj-  day. 
His  fund  of  anecdote  is  large,  and  an  hour 
spent  with  him  is  highly  entertainini;  and  in- 
structive. [Elsewhere  will  be  found  mention  of 
Dr.  Clark  and  historical  facts  supplied  by 
him.] 

Dr.  .John  Mosher  was  one  of  the  pioneer 
Physicians  of  Lucas  County.  He  was  born  in 
Dorset,  Vermont,  March  28,  1805,  and  was 
graduated  at  Woodstock,  same  State,  in  1881. 
He  removed  to  Toledo  in  1834;  and  after 
practicing  his  profession  there  for  11  years,  he 
retired  in  1845  to  a  farm  in  Oregon  Township, 
where  he  led  the  quiet  life  of  the  Farmer,  _yet 
occasional!}-  rendering  medical  aid  to  his 
neighbors.  While  not  regarded  as  wealthy, 
he  accumulated  considerable  property,  and 
died  at  his  residence,  October  24.  1872,  aged  07 
years. 

Dr.  Horace  Green  was  born  in  Amherst, 
Massachusetts,  in  1811.  He  attended  School 
there  until  his  father  moved  to  Waj'ne  County, 
New  York,  when  he  commenced  the  study  of 
medicine  with  Dr.  Lovejoy.  He  attended 
lectures  at  Geneva  College,  receiving  his  diplo- 
ma there  in  1835,  and  removed  to  Sylvania  in 
the  same  year.  He  was  successful  in  bu.siness, 
but  during  the  cholera  epidemic  of  1849  he 
contracted  that  disease,  of  which  he  died  at  the 
ageof  38  years,  leaving  a  wife  and  three  children. 
His  widow  a"nd  two  daghters  (Mrs.  William 
Acers  and  Mrs.  A.  D.  Eandall)  still  reside  in 
Sylvania,  the  one  son,  C.  H.  Green,  residing  in 
Toledo.  In  speaking  of  him,  his  obituary  says  ; 
'•A  kind  and  aftectionate  husband  and  parent, 
a  confiding  friend,  an  obliging  neighbor,  a 
prompt  medical  attendant,  and  a  true  fi-iend  in 
attiiction,  has  passed  away." 

Dr.  James  L.  Chase  was  born  in  Litchfield, 
Connecticut,  February  10,  1805.  In  1816  the 
family  removed  to  Titusville,  Penn.sylvania, 
then  a  mere  hamlet,  while  "  Seneca  Oil,"  now 
the  great  "Petroleum,"  was  known  only  as  a 
remedial  agent.  In  1827  they  went  to  Forest 
County,  same  State,  where  James  engaged  in 
iron  manufacture.  At  the  age  of  23  years  he 
commenced  the  study  of  medicine,  and  three 
years  later  had  completed  the  same.  January 
1,  1830,  he  reached  Lucas  County,  then  just 
organized,  stopping  at  Manhattan,  which  con- 
tinued to  be  his  home  while  there  was  a  Man- 


hattan. He  came  but  a  few  months  after  the 
more  threatening  events  of  the  boundary  ques- 
tion had  (ranspired,  but  in  time  to  see  mncli  of 
the  bittei-ness  which  the  contest  had  caused. 
The  final  adjustment  of  the  dispute  in  the  ad- 
mission of  Michigan  into  the  IJnion,  had  not 
then  been  reached.  But  the  Doctor  was  here 
in  ample  time  for  another  local  contest,  which 
took  many  years  for  its  outcome.  That  con- 
sisted in  the  struggle  for  supremacy  between 
the  rival  "  Cities  "  which  lined  the  banks  of 
the  Maumee  from  its  mouth  to  the  foot  of  the 
Rapids.  Of  these  none  prosecuted  its  claims 
with  more  assurance  and  energj-  than  did  Man- 
hattan, which  to  its  peo])le  seemed  to  have 
material  advantages  over  all  others.  Among 
these,  in  succession,  were  the  terminus  of  the 
Miami  and  Erie  and  Wabash  Canals  and  ol  the 
Ohio  Railroad — two  considerations  which  could 
hardly  be  more  hopeful  of  future  success.  The 
Canal  was  secured,  but  was  disappointing  in  its 
results,  while  the  Railroad  was  never  finished. 
Dr.  Chase  soon  began  the  practice  of  medicine, 
which  was  continued  for  nearly  40  years  in  that 
locality,  and  has  now  scarcely  been  relinquished 
in  his  83d  year.  His  "  ride  " — covering  a  cir- 
cuit of  30  miles — was  one  of  the  most  severe 
even  in  this  region  ;  and  it  is  safe  to  say,  that 
few  pioneer  settlements  were  subjected  to 
greater  sickness  and  povertj',  than  were  those 
embraced  within  his  practice.  Dr.  Chase  was 
the  Township  Treasurer  of  Manhattan  for  30 
years,  and  a  Trustee  for  several  terms.  He 
remained  in  Manhattan  as  long  as  the  name 
was  spared  from  the  territorial  grasp  of  its 
older  rival,  when,  in  1874,  ho  removed  to  his 
present  home,  602  Superior  street,  Mrs.  Chase 
and  daughter  Hattie  being  yet  with  him  ;  while 
his  son,  George,  resides  at  Detroit. 

Dr.  Blakesley  Henry  Busli  was  born  at  San- 
gerfield,  Oneida  County,  New  York,  March  25, 
1808.  Having  received  a  good  Common  School 
education,  ho  entered  the  College  of  the  Medi- 
cal Society  of  the  County-  of  Madison,  at  Eaton, 
New  York,  where  he  was  graduated  with 
honors  January  26, 1831.  After  graduation  he 
remained  for  some  time  in  the  office  of  Dr. 
Thomas  >Sponcer,  President  of  the  College,  but 
commenced  practice  at  Chittenango  for  a  time 
shortly  thereafter.  From  ('hitteuango  he  went 
to  Manlius,  and  in  1834  came  to  Port  Law- 
rence Township,  living  for  a  short  time  in  a 
log-house,  the  site  now  being  the  corner  of 
Monroe  Street  and  Detroit  Avenue.  Shortly 
thereafter  he  moved  into  the  Vistula  I)ivision 
of  Toledo,  and  located  a  Drug  Store  on  Cherry 
Street,  near  the  corner  of  Superior.  This  was 
soon  abandoned,  as  there  were  not  peo])le 
enough  in  that  neighborhood  to  make  the 
undertaking  a  financial  success.  Having  al- 
ways had  a  natural  taste  for  farming,  he  pur- 
chased a  farm  near  his  old  home  on  Monroe 
Street,  and  moved  there,  continuing  for  some 
years  the  practice  of  his  profession  ;  but  find- 


546 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ing  the  labor  too  severe,  he  finally  retired  en- 
tirely from  the  work,  and  remained  upon  the 
farm  until  his  death,  in  1874,  aged  69  years. 
Dr.  Bush  was  twice  married — the  first  wife 
being  Miss  Margaret  Tubbs.  wliose  daughter  is 
now  Mrs.  E.  E.  Eiehards.  The  second  wife 
was  Miss  Frances  E.  Whitney,  who  bore  him 
several  ciiildren.  tliree  of  whom  are  livinir — 
Mrs.  Colonel  Nathaniel  Haughton,  Mrs.  Wm. 
H.  Bishop,  and  Mrs.  Adolph  Schansenbach,  all 
of  this  city.  Dr.  Bush  was  one  of  the  most 
popular  and  successful  physicians  in  the  early 
days  of  Toledo.  As  a  man  and  neighbor,  he 
was  greatly  esteemed,  and  had  the  confidence 
of  all  who  knew  him. 

Dr.  Alexander  Anderson,  an  eminent  physi- 
cian, commenced  the  practice  of  medicine  in 
New  Philadelphia,  Ohio,  but  soon  thereafter 
removed  to  Fremont,  tlien  called  Lower  San- 
dusky. There  he  practiced  from  1826  to  1842, 
when  he  removed  with  his  family  to  Maumee, 
thus  entitling  him  to  rank  as  one  of  the  pio- 
neer physicians  of  this  County.  As  one  of  the 
leading  physicians  of  that  time,  he  was  suc- 
cessful. His  genial  manner  and  wonderful 
magnetism  rarely  failed  to  inspire  hope  and 
confidence.  Though  never  a  resident  of  Toledo, 
his  practice  was  divided  between  the  two 
places.  In  the  year  184!t,  in  company  with 
James  B.  Steedman  and  others,  he  "  crossed 
the  plains "  for  California,  in  which  trip  he 
encountered  hardship  and  found  "  all  was  not 
gold  that  glitters."  Having  accumulated 
money,  he  returned  to  Maumee  ;  but  not  being 
content  to  remain,  he  went  back  to  California. 
Being  interested  in  some  mines  in  Mexico,  he 
took  his  family  to  New  Albany,  Indiana,  and 
went  to  Mexico  to  look  after  his  interests  there. 
Having  accumulated  enough  to  satisfy  him,  he 
started  on  his  journey  homeward,  but  was 
stricken  with  disease,  and  in  the  year  1862,  in 
a  strange  land,  surrounded  bj'  friends,  he 
passed  to  "the  bourne  whence  no  traveler 
returns."  A  daughter  of  Dr.  Anderson  (Mrs. 
Don  A.  Pease)  still  resides  in  Toledo,  and  to 
her  the  writer  is  indebted  lor  the  foregoing 
sketch  of  his  lile.  Mr.s.  John  J.  Manor  is  also  a 
daughter  of  Dr.  Anderson. 

Dr.  Horace  A.  Acklej'  was  born  in  Gene- 
see County,  New  York,  in  1805.  He  removed 
to  Elba,  in  the  Western  part  of  that  State, 
when  a  boy,  and  studied  in  both  the  Common 
Schools  and  the  Academy.  He  began  the 
studj'  of  medicine  with  Dr.  Billings,  and  con- 
tinued it  under  Dr.  Coats,  of  Batavia.  He  was 
graduated  at  Fairfield,  New  York,  under  Dr. 
Delamater.  in  1S33,  and  went  to  Rochester, 
New  York,  remaining  there  a  short  time, 
giving  a  course  of  lectures  on  anatomy  at  that 
time.  In  the  Spring  of  1835,  he  came  West, 
and  settled  at  Akron,  Ohio.  In  the  Winter  of 
1835-36  he  gave  his  first  course  of  lectures  in 
the  Medical  College  at  Willoughby.  In  the 
Summer  of  1836  he  located  in  Toledo.     In  1837 


he  entered  into  partnership  with  Dr.  Geo.  E. 
Perkins,  and  so  remained  until  he  removed  to 
Cleveland  in  1839.  He  was  appointed  to  the 
chair  of  Surgery  in  the  Medical  College  at 
Cleveland,  which  position  he  retained  until 
1855,  when  he  resigned  on  account  of  failing 
health.  In  the  3'ear  1849,  when  the  cholera  in 
its  worst  form  visited  Sandusky,  he  went 
thither  with  his  students,  and  remained  until 
the  cholera  had  abated.  Although  Dr.  Ackley 
lived  10  years  thereafter,  he  never  was  the  ro- 
bust man  he  was  before  enduring  the  labor 
attendant  upon  his  practice  in  Sandusky.  When 
returning  from  a  vi.sit  to  Detroit,  April  21, 
1854,  he  was  taken  severely  ill  with  j^neumonia, 
and  died  on  the  24th,  being  49  j^ears  and  9 
months  old. 

Dr.  Man  ley  Bostwlck  was  the  oldest  son 
of  Shelburn  and  Mercy  Smith  Bostwick,  and 
was  born  January  29.  1810,  in  Maidius,  New 
York.  His  father  removed  to  Ohio  with  his 
family  in  the  Summer  of  1828,  and  located  on 
a  new  farm  in  Geauga  County.  Manley  re- 
mained at  home,  assisting  his  father  clearing 
up  the  fiirm,  until  his  21st  birthday,  when  he 
went  to  School  at  Concord.  In  the  fall  of  1831 
he  commenced  the  study  of  medicine  with  Dr. 
Gorham,  and  continued  it  under  Dr.  Sherwood, 
of  Unionville.  Havina;  received  license  to 
practice  Medicine  and  Surgerj'  from  the  Medi- 
cal Society  of  Northwestern  Ohio,  he  went  to 
Jefferson,  and  afterward  to  Toledo,  arriving  at 
the  last-named  place  in  May,  1836.  He  soon 
enteretl  into  partnership  with  Dr.  Mosher. 
The}'  dissolved  partnership  in  1838,  and  after 
practicing  alone  for  several  years,  he  became  a 
partner  of  Dr.  Jacob  Clark.  Dr.  Bostwick 
married  Ophelia  Atkins,  of  Jefferson,  Ohio, 
May  25,  1837.  They  had  four  children- 
one  daughter  and  three  sons.  Frank  L.,  the 
youngest,  is  the  only  one  now  living.  Mrs. 
Bostwick  still  lives,  and  it  is  to  her  the  writer 
is  indebted  for  the  foregoing  statements.  Dr. 
Bostwick  died  April  27,  1849.  His  body  now 
lies  in  Forest  Cemetery.  His  death  was  the 
result  of  a  fall  from  his  horse. 

Dr.  Chas.  McLean  was  <jraduated  in  Wash- 
ington City,  and  came  to  Toledo  in  1836.  He 
located  at  the  corner  of  Summit  and  Walnut 
streets,  where  he  opened  an  office  and  Drug 
Store.  During  his  stay  of  about  four  yeai-s  in 
Toledo,  he  was  a  leading  Physician,  doing  a 
large  and  lucrative  business.  He  was  recog- 
nized as  a  leaderin  .society  and  a  well  informed 
and  genial  Physician.  His  health  failed  him 
and  he  was  compelled  to  move  East,  and  select- 
ing Baltimore  he  remained  there,  practicing  his 
profession  until  he  died  in  1883.  at  the  age  of  76. 

Dr.  B.  S.  Woodworth  was  born  in  Leicester, 
near  Worcester,  Massachusetts,  in  1816  ;  went 
to  Eome,  New  Y'ork,  when  13  years  old,  and 
resided  there  eight  or  nine  years.  In  1831  he 
went  to  Hamilton  College,  but  did  not  graduate, 
although  in  after  years  the  honorary  degree  of 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


547 


A.  M.  was  conferred  ujion  him  by  that  College. 
Dr.  Woodworth  began  the  study  of  medicine 
in  Eome,  and  attended  his  first  course  of  lec- 
tures at  the  College  of  Physicians  and  Sur- 
geons, and  was  graduated  from  the  Berkshire 
Medical  College,  ]\[assachusetts,  in  1837.  Soon 
after  his  graduation  he  came  West,  and  was 
the  pioneer  Physician  at  the  head  of  the  Rapids 
of  the  Maumec,  selecting  Providence,  then  one 
of  the  embr^'o  Towns  of  this  seemingly  inviting 
country.  Alter  practicing  at  Providence  for 
about  nine  years,  he  removed  to  Fort  Wayne, 
where  he  still  lives,  enjojing  his  large  and  lu- 
crative practice.  From  an  interesting  letter 
recentl_y  received,  the  following  extract  is  of 
interest:  "  I  shall  not  undertake  to  tell  the  in- 
credihle  hardships  of  the  'Swamp  Doctor,' 
which  I  was  for  seven  years.  In  1839-40  I 
recollect  during  the  so-called  sickly  season,  of 
riding  on  the  average  50  miles  each  for  five 
successive  days  and  nights,  getting  asleep  the 
last  night  on  my  horse,  to  the  great  danger  of 
breaking  my  neck.  When  I  lived  at  Provi- 
dence, it  was  quite  a  lively  businessplace,  being 
the  point  where  goods  for  the  Wabash  Valley 
were  transhipjjed  to  Keel  Boats  and  Pirogues, 
and  poled  up  the  sluggish  Maumee  over  100 
miles,  taking  10  to  12  daj-s  to  perform  the  trip. 
On  the  4th  of  July,  1839,"'  I  delivered  the  ora- 
tion in  the  shade  of  a  magnificent  elm,  which 
then  stood  under  the  hill  at  Providence." 

Dr.  William  St.  Clair  was  born  at  Bangor, 
Maine,  May  23.  1799.  He  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  in  1834,  and  came  immediately  to 
Buc^Tus,  Ohio,  where  be  practiced  about  two 
years.  From  there  he  came  to  Maumee  in 
1837,  where  he  practiced  for  many  years.  In 
1864  Dr.  St.  Clair  retired  from  his  jirofession 
and  removed  to  Kansas  City,  where  he  engaged 
in  the  Banking  business.  He  died  November 
4,  1877.  His  wife,  a  sisterofMrs.  Judge  Nichols 
of  Toledo,  is  still  living. 

Dr.  Wheeler  came  to  Manhattan  in  1837 
from  Unionville ;  was  graduated  from  Wil- 
loughby  Medical  College;  remained  but  a  few 
years  and  returned  to  Unionville. 

Dr.  Calvin  vSmith  was  born  February  23, 
1811,  in  Franklin  County,  Massachusetts.  He 
received  his  academical  education  at  his  home, 
where  he  also  read  medicine.  He  attended 
lectures  at  Pittsfield  and  Woodstock,  and  after- 
wards in  Philadelphia.  In  1835,  at  the  age  of 
24,  he- came  West,  and  settled  in  Ypsilanti, 
Michigan,  afterward  removing  to  Manhattan, 
and  in  1841  to  Toledo,  where  he  continued 
11  years  in  practice,  and  until  he  died  in 
1852  at  the  age  of  41  years.  As  showing  the 
character  of  Dr.  Smith,  the  following,  taken 
from  a  funeral  sermon  by  Rev.  Anson  Smythe, 
will  be  sufficient  :  "  Dr.  Smith  possessed  a  fresh 
and  vigorous  intellect.  He  thought  deeply  on 
any  subject  to  which  his  particular  attention 
was  directed.  He  was  shrewd  and  sagacious, 
and,  though  not   distinguished   for   eloquence. 


ho  had  such  manner  of  giving  exjircssion  to 
his  opinions  that  he  seldom  was  misunderstood. 
Dr.  Smith  was  a  generous  and  kind-hearted 
man.  A  sti'anger  might  judge  otherwise  of 
him,  for  he  was  somewhat  stern  in  countcTiance 
and  rigid  in  manner.  But  it  is  not  always 
those  who  most  easily  smile  or  weej),  that  have 
the  kindest  hearts.  Dr.  Smith  was  a  faithful, 
judicious  and  successful  Physician." 

Dr.  George  R.  Perkins  was  born  at  Ro.xbury, 
Connecticut,  January  (i,  1813.  He  studied 
medicine  in  Utica  and  (icneseo.  New  York,  was 
graduated  from  the  Fairfield  Mi'<lical  School, 
Herkimer  Countj-,  Now  York,  and  moved  to 
Toledo  in  1835,  where  he  soon  built  up  a  good 
practice.  He  married  in  Toledo  Eliza- 
beth Jenks  Acres,  January  2,  1843,  who 
lived  -but  two  years  thereafter.  Dr.  Perkins 
died  in  Geneseo,  New  York,  July  15,  1846. 
Those  who  knew  him  as  a  Physician  unite  in 
saying  he  had  no  superior  as  a  faithful  and 
wise  practitioner. 

Dr.  Pai-ker  came  from  Massachusetts  to  Man- 
hattan in  1844,  remained  about  a  year  and 
moved  to  Monroe,  Michigan,  where  he  died. 

Dr.  Chaunccy  Matthews  was  located  in  Mau- 
mee, where  he  practiced  medicine  and  engaged 
in  lumbering.  He  was  in  charge  of  the  County 
Infirmary  tor  some  time.  He  died  from  ery- 
sipelas in  1847. 

Dr.  Isaac  N.  Hazlett  was  born  in  1815  ;  was 
graduated  from  the  Medical  College  of  Ohio  in 
1842:  practiced  medicine  in  Dresden  and 
Zanesville,  Ohio,  and  came  to  Toledo  in  1848. 
He  soon  gained  prominence  in  his  profession, 
winning  the  confidence  and  esteem  of  a  large 
circle  of  friends.  He  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  Toledo  Medical  Association,  and  took 
deep  interest  in  medical  questions.  He  died  in 
Toledo,  May  10,  1861,  aged  46  years. 

Dr.  Hosmer  Cxraham  was  born  in  West  Sims- 
burj',  Connecticut,  October  26,  1797.  He  went 
with  his  father's  family  to  Mailisou  County, 
New  York,  when  quite  young.  His  medical 
education  was  received  at  Lexington,  Ken- 
tucky, being  graduated  at  Transylvania  Uni- 
versity, in  1827.  He  first  practiced  in  Roches- 
ter, New  York,  removing  thence  to  Willoughby, 
Ohio,  and  from  there  to  Monroe.  Michigan. 
In  1843  he  was  called  to  fill  a  Professor's  chair 
in  the  Willoughby  Medical  College.  Dr.  Gra- 
ham came  to  Toledo  in  1848,  where  he  resumed 
the  practice  of  his  prot'ession.  He  died  Novem- 
ber 111,  1855,  fron\  injuries  caused  by  a  run- 
away horse.  His  venerable  wife  and  a  daugh- 
ter (Mr.s.  Alonzo  Godard),  yet  live  in  Toledo. 

Dr.  John  H.  Van  Avei-y  studied  medicine 
under  Dr.  Oscar  White  at  Maumee  ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Cleveland,  and  was  a])i)ointed  Surgeon 
during  the  Mexican  War.  He  came  to  Toledo 
in  1849,  and  remained  several  j'ears. 

Dr.  Alfred  Taylor  was  born  in  Cherry  Valley, 
New  York,  in  1827  ;  was  graduated  at  Phila- 
deljjhia;  came  to  Lucas  County  in  1850,  and 


548 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


practiced  in  both  Maumee  and  Toledo.  He 
lived  for  a  short  time  in  Br_yan.  He  enlisted 
as  Suri^eon  of  a  Cavalry  Regiment  during  the 
late  War,  and  died  on  tlie  way  to  join  the  Regi- 
ment. Dr.  Taylor  wa.s  one  of  the  original 
members  of  the"  Toledo  Medical  Association. 

Dr.  Franz  Joseph  Klauser. — The  subject  of 
this  sketch  was  born  at  Haillingeu,  Oberamt 
Riediingon,  Kingdom  of  Wuertemberg,  on  Feb- 
ruary 21,  1824.  At  the  age  of  eight  or  nine 
years,  he  prepared  for  the  g3-nmasium  ;  after 
passing  through  which  he  entered  the  Univer- 
sity of  Tuebingen,  where  he  studied  Medicine 
and  Surgery,  as  he  also  did  at  Heidelberg  and 
[''reiberg.  He  began  the  practice  of  medicine 
in  1849  (the  year  of  his  graduation),  but  as 
most  of  the  students  of  that  time  and  vicinity 
were  readily  di-awn  into  the  German  Revolu- 
tion, known  as  the  Baden  Insurrection,  so  he 
became  one  of  the  Revolutionists,  and  was 
attached  as  a  Surgeon,  and  with  them  he  fled 
to  Switzerland,  where  thej'  were  received  and 
treated  as  jjolitical  refugees.  Whilst  in  Switz- 
erland he  was  married  with  Miss  Loeffler,  and 
with  his  wife  emigrated  to  America  in  the 
Winter  of  1849-50,  settling  in  Toledo  during 
the  year  1850,  and  with  a  brief  intermission, 
practiced  his  profession  there  until  his  death. 
Owing  to  the  poor  health  of  his  wife,  and  to 
gratifv  her  desire  to  revisit  her  old  home,  he 
applied  for  a  European  Consulship,  but  was  un- 
able to  obtain  a  post  nearer  to  their  former 
liomes  tiian  Amsterdam.  Holland.  There  he 
served  as  United  States  Consul  from  Septem- 
ber, 1861, .to  the  Summer  of  1863,  when  he  re- 
turned to  Toledo  and  resumed  tiie  practice  of 
his  profession.  During  his  Consular  service  lie 
had  frequent  opportunities  for  aiding  his  Gov- 
ernment in  its  struggle  to  defeat  the  great  Re- 
bellion— once,  in  particular,  by  refusing  a  sus- 
pected blockade  runnera"  Clean  Bill  of  Health," 
lie  delayed  its  departure  and  gained  the  time 
necessar}-  to  notitv  his  superior,  the  American 
Minister  to  Holland,  so  that  our  Atlantic 
Squadron  could  take  measures  for  the  capture 
of  the  vessel  and  its  cargo  of  arms  and  other 
War  supplies.  Dr.  Klauser  died  September  1, 
1883,  the  immediate  cause  being  a  cold  which 
he  contracted  while  making  professional  calls, 
he  not  having  rallied  from  a  serious  sickness 
which  had  previously  confined  him  to  the 
house  for  many  months.  His  wife,  and  four 
sons — Dr.  F.  E.  Klauser,  and  his  brothers  A. 
E.,  Herman  R.,  and  Charles,  with  their  only 
sister,  Mrs.  Aveiy  S.  Hill  —  still  reside  in 
Toledo.  Dr.  Klauser  was  kind,  generous  and 
manly  in  all  his  dealings.  His  memory  is  ten- 
derl3'  cherished  by  all  who  knew  him,  as  that 
of  a  faithful  husband,  a  loving  father,  a  courte- 
ous, cultured  gentleman,  and  a  skillful  physi- 
cian. 

Dr.  David  L.  Briggs  was  born  in  the  State 
of  New  York,  in  November,  1824.  He  removed 
to  the  West  when  a  youth,  selected  medicine  as 


his  profession,  and  was  graduated  at  Starling 
Medical  College,  Columbus,  Ohio,  in  1850.  He 
commenced  practice  in  St.  Joseph  County,  Mich- 
igan, wiiere  he  remained  until  1859,  when  he 
came  to  Toledo,  and  there  devoted  his  energies 
to  his  profession  until  the  time  of  his  sad 
death,  February  6,  1863.  At  a  fire  on  Summit 
Street,  with  other  citizens  he  was  attempting 
to  save  the  contents  of  a  store,  when,  without 
warning,  the  walls  fell  and  he  was  buried  be- 
neath them.  No  man  was  ever  held  in  higher 
esteem  by  his  professional  brethren  than  he.  As 
was  .said  in  an  eulogy  by  Dr.  Charles  Cochran  : 
'•  As  a  professional  brother,  he  was  a  model  in 
his  intercourse  with  others,  scrupulousi}-  obey- 
ing the  injunction, '  Whatsoever  ye  would  that 
others  shonhl  do  unto  you,  do  ye  even  so  to 
them.'  As  a  Christian,  he  was  stable,  always 
true  to  the  great  principles  of  his  Divine 
Master." 

Dr.  Frederick  Hohly  was  born  in  Neustadt, 
Wuertemberg,  November27.  1831.  He  studied 
medi'cine  in  Germany  for  four  years,  and  came 
to  this  country  in  1856,  locating  in  Toledo. 
He  shortly  afterward  removed  to  the  Upper 
Peninsula  of  Michigan  ;  also,  for  a  short  time, 
was  in  Wisconsin  and  Minnesota.  In  1860  he 
returned  to  Toledo,  where  he  remained  prac- 
ticing his  profession  until  his  death,  which  oc- 
curred October  16,  1884.  In  1863,  Dr.  Hohly 
enlisted  in  the  Arm}-  as  Surgeon  of  the  Twelfth 
Missouri  Cavalry,  and  was  subsequently  trans- 
ferred to  the  Thirty-Seventh  Ohio  Veterans, 
and  served  with  them  as  Surgeon  until  mus- 
tered out  in  the  Summer  of  1865,  when  he  re- 
sumed his  profession  in  Toledo.  In  Septem- 
ber. 1866,  he  married  Pauline  Kirschmaier, 
who,  with  four  children — two  boys  and  two 
girls — survive  him.  Dr.  Hohly  served  two 
terms  (four  years)  as  Coroner  of  Lucas  County, 
which  office  he  filled  with  credit.  In  all  his 
relations  with  his  fellows,  he  was  greatly  be- 
loved as  a  brother  and  friend. 

Dr.  Gustave  Fcnner  von  Fenneberg  was 
born  at  Cassel,  on  January  29,  1823.  He  was 
the  son  of  a  German  nobleman,  an  officer  in  the 
Hessian  Army.  Dr.  von  Fenneberg  studied  at 
the  University  of  Marburg,  first  as  a  pharmacist, 
and  alter  having  received  his  diploma  as  su^h 
he  journeyed  through  Italy  and  Switzerland, 
returned  to  the  University  and  studied  medi- 
cine. After  graduating  he  emigrated  to  the 
United  States  in  1853,  landing  in  New  York  in 
September  of  that  year.  For  a  j'ear  he  prac- 
ticed medicine  in  Cincinnati,  when  he  came  to 
Toledo,  where  he  located  permanently.  For  a 
time  he  practiced  alone,  but  afterward  with 
Dr.  Valentine  Braun.  His  offiee  was  on  Sum- 
mit Street,  near  Perry.  In  1869  he  formed  a 
partnership  with  Mr.  Max  W^itzigareuter  in  the 
drug  business,  locating  on  the  corner  of  Huron 
and  Washington  Streets.  Two  years  later  the 
Doctor  purchased  the  whole  business  and  re- 
mained sole  proprietor  until  his  death.     At  no 


(T^^T^,       X^-   ^^ 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


549 


time  did  lie  I'cliiinuisli  the  practice  nf  medicine, 
but  carried  the  two  jirofessions  together.  In 
1802  he  was  married  with  Emily,  the  youngest 
daughter  of  Rev.  Karl  Markselietl'el.  Shortly 
after  his  marriage  he  was  seriously  injured  \)y 
a  runaway  horse,  the  injury  being  a  double 
fracture  of  the  leg  which  crippled  him  for  life. 
In  the  spring  of  1883  he  suftered  from  a  stroke 
of  jjuralysis  from  which  he  never  fully  recov- 
ered. From  this  time  until  his  death,  he  was 
frequent!}'  attacked  with  pneumonia,  which, 
accompanied  by  grave  complications,  led  to  his 
death,  June  17,  1887. 

Dr.  Thomas  Waddel  was  born  in  Seneca, 
Canada  West,  October  13,  1843.  His  parents 
were  natives  of  Ireland.  His  preparatory- 
education  was  obtained  in  the  Common  Schools 
of  Canada.  In  1865  he  went  to  Buffalo  and 
began  the  study  of  medicine.  His  first  course 
of  lectures  was  taken  during  1866-67,  when 
his  health  failing,  he  was  obliged  to  discon- 
tinue his  studies  for  a  time.  In  1870  he  atten- 
ded lectures  in  the  Medical  Department  of 
the  University  of  Wooster,  Cleveland,  Ohio, 
and  on  graduating  iu  1871,  was  elected  valedic- 
torian of  his  class.  He  entered  upon  the  prac- 
tice of  his  profession  in  Chardon,  Geauga 
County,  Ohio,  and  in  December,  1873,  moved  to 
Toledo,  where  he  remained  until  bis  death,  which 
occurred  March  9,  1879,  after  a  sickness  of  48 
hours.  As  a  physician  he  was  successful ;  as  a 
gentleman,  he  was  cultured  and  refined  ;  and  as 
a  student  none  excelled  him.  His  powers  of 
memory  were  wonderful,  and  he  could  not  only 
remember  the  names  of  the  authors  of  various 
medical  articles,  but  the  page  and  title  of  the 
work  wherein  a  subject  had  been  presented. 
As  a  writer,  he  excelled,  articles  from  his  pen 
having  been  widely  circulated  and  received 
with  much  favor. 


WILLIAM  W.  JONES,  Physician  and  Sur- 
geon, was  born  in  Smyrna,  Chenango  County, 
New  York,  September  28,  1819.  He  is  a  son 
of  Marquis  Jones,  whose  father  was  Colonel 
Israel  Jones,  of  Barkhamsted,  Connecticut,  a 
soldier  of  the  Revolutionary  Army,  and  a 
member  of  the  Connecticut  Legislature.  His 
paternal  ancestors  came  to  that  State  very  soon 
after  the  arrival  of  the  Mayflower,  having 
settled  there  in  1643.  The  mother  of  Dr.  Jones 
(Elizabeth  Merrill)  was  born  in  New  Hart- 
ford, Connecticut,  where  her  father  was  a 
prominent  citizen.  Her  husband  died  in  1827, 
aged  47  ;  she  surviving  him  until  her  85th 
year.  William  W.'s  education  was  limited. 
He  was  in  a  District  School  until  his  10th  year, 
when  he  went  to  a  private  Academy  foi-  three 
years,  and  then  to  an  Academj-  at  Salem,  New 
York,  where  he  completed  his  studies.  When 
about  13  years  of  age  he  entered  a  printing 
office  at  Forestville,  Chautauqua  County,  New 
York,  which  establishment  closing,  he  went  to 


Buffalo.  Here  he  was  employed  on  a  literary 
publication  for  a  lime,  when  he  obtained  work 
on  the  Buffalo  ('ommercidl  j4r/ce/Yi.s-(;/-,  remaining 
there  until  his  removal  to  Dresden,  Muskin- 
gum County,  Ohio,  in  1836,  where  a  brother 
was  engaged  in  the  manufactiii-e  of  floui-  and 
the  sale  of  merchandise,  with  whom  he  took  an 
interest  as  partner.  While  |)ecuniary  returns 
were  satisfactory,  he  ere  long  realized  that 
such  business  was  not  ada])ted  to  his  taste  and 
modes  of  thought.  Acting  upon  such  view,  he 
determined  upon  professional  life,  and  in  1844 
began  tiie  study  of  medicine,  his  preceptor 
being  Dr.  W.  W.  Eickey,  of  Dresilen,  who  was 
prominent  in  the  profession,  having  been  the 
President  of  the  Ohio  State  Medical  Society. 
For  some  time  Dr.  Jones  was  a  student  of  Dr. 
Fi'ank  H.  Hamilton,  then  Professor  of  Surgery 
in  the  University  of  Buffalo,  where  he  was 
graduated  during  the  winter  of  1848-49.  The 
young  graduate  at  once  came  to  Toledo,  then 
a  Town  of  2,000  inhabitants,  and  entered  upon 
the  practice  of  his  life-calling  amidst  strangers. 
For  38  years  has  this  now  been  pursued,  with  a 
success  which  fully  meets  his  early  hopes.  For- 
tuitous circumstances  materially  favored  his  ad- 
vent and  early  practice  here,  whereby  he  was 
advanced  to  a  flattering  position  in  his  jjrofes- 
sion.  His  attention  was  directed  to  both  medi- 
cine and  surgery,  in  both  of  which  he  was  suc- 
cessful. The  first  case  of  lithotomy  success- 
fully jjerformed  in  this  section  was  by  him, 
which  was  followed  by  many  like  operations. 
Similar  success  has  attended  his  treatment  of 
nearly  every  kind  of  surgical  cases.  He  has 
been  for  many  years  a  member  of  the  Ohio 
State  Medical  Society,  of  which  he  was  the 
President  in  1875,  and  also  a  member  of  the 
American  Medical  Association ;  an  ex-Presi- 
dent of  the  Alumni  Association  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Buffalo  ;  a  member  of  the  Detroit  Acad- 
emy of  Medicine,  and  of  the  Detroit  Medical 
Society;  an  honorary  member  of  the  Michigan 
State  Medical  Society  ;  a  member  of  the  De- 
troit Library  Association;  the  oldest  living 
member  of  the  Lucas  County  Medical  Society, 
organized  in  1851  ;  a  member  of  the  North- 
western Ohio  Medical  Society-,  of  the  Southern 
Michigan  Medical  Society,  and  of  the  Northern 
Indiana  Medical  Society;  and  corresponding 
member  of  several  Scientific  Societies.  He  is 
Consulting  Surgeon  of  vSt.  Vincent  Hospital, 
Toledo.  Since  1840  Dr.  Jones  has  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Masonic  Order,  the  office  of  High 
Priest  being  the  highest  official  position  held 
by  him  in  the  .same.  From  his  arrival  in 
Toledo  he  has  taken  a  deep  interest  and  active 
part  in  all  affairs  in  which  his  fellow-citizens 
were  concerned,  contributing,  in  such  waj's  as 
occasions  might  furnish,  to  their  welfare  and 
prosperity'.  In  1857  he  was  chosen  a  member  of 
the  City  Common  Council,  of  which  he  was 
elected  President.  He  has  served  for  three 
terms  or  six  years  as  Mayor  of  Toledo,  having 


550 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


been  elected  to  that  office  in  1871,  1873,  and 
1877.  For  many  years  he  has  served  as  a 
member  of  the  Toledo  Board  of  Health.  In 
large  measure,  the  material  improvement  of 
the  sanitary  condition  of  the  City  has  been 
due  to  his  iiitiueiK-e  and  suggestions,  both  as  a 
sanitarian  and  a  public  officer,  in  which  connec- 
tion ma}-  be  mentioned  the  superior  system  of 
sewerage,  tiie  admirable  water  supi)ly,  the 
plan  for  collection  of  vital  statistics  adopted  in 
1857.  and  the  compilation  of  the  present  Sani- 
tarj- Code.  Like  service  was  rendered  by  him 
in  connection  with  the  State  Sanitary  Code. 
Few  writers  wield  a  more  trenchant  or  facile 
pen,  which  has  done  good  service  in  advancing 
the  sanitary  and  material  interests  of  the  City. 
The  following  paragraph  from  one  of  the  City 
|)apers  of  last  year,  is  taken  as  a  sample  of  his 
modest  way  of  stating  Toledo's  past  and  present 
sanitary  condition: 

The  writer  of  this  has  lived  to  see  this  Citj-  emerge, 
during  the  hist  40  years,  from  the  most  sickly  to  the 
most  healthy  in  the  country,  and  much  of  this  im- 
provement is  due  to  the  intelligent  appreciation  of  its 
desiraliility  on  the  part  of  our  people,  and  their  readi- 
ness to  co-operate  in  its  accomplishment.  In  addition 
to  the  laVjors  of  the  citizen  and  sanitarian,  Toledo  has 
been  found  to  possess  the  most  healthful  climate  of 
any  City  E^ast  or  West,  the  daily  range  of  the  ther- 
mometer rarely  exceeding  20  degrees  in  the  24  hours. 
Situated  upon  the  lowest  depression  of  the  line  be- 
tween the  Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence  and  the  mouth  of  the 
Ohio  and  Mississippi  Rivers,  and  tempered  by  the 
waters  of  that  great  inland  sea.  Lake  Erie,  the  heat 
of  Summer  or  the  cold  of  Winter  is  not  so  great  as  is 
found  in  any  part  of  the  country  East  or  West,  Xorth 
or  South  of  us.  That  silent  witness,  the  Signal  Ser- 
vice, has  been  telling  us  this  simple  truth  for  years, 
and  yet  but  few  realize  how  important  a  factor  this 
has  been  in  eonneetion  with  the  other  efforts  made 
by  man  in  making  Toledo  by  far  the  healthiest  City 
on  the  continent. 

Dr.  Jones'  iiolitical  views  from  the  first  at- 
tached him  to  the  Democratic  party,  with 
which  he  has  always  acted.  On  ditferent 
occasions  his  name  has  been  mentioned  for 
nomination  for  prominent  otReial  positions;  but 
he  has  always  declined  every  call  that  vvas 
likely  to  draw  him  from  the  pursuit  of  his  pro- 
fession, the  chief  ambition  of  his  life.  He  was 
married  February  15.  1851,  with  Miss  Ade- 
line Knaggs,  a  daughter  of  John  Knaggs, 
an  early  pioneer  of  Lucas  County,  who  was 
born  ill  Detroit,  and  whose  father  was  United 
States  Indian  Agent  at  that  point  during  the 
War  of  1812-15  ;  lie  having  been  among  tliose 
made  prisoners  by  the  British  forces  at  the 
surrender  of  Detroit  and  General  Hull's  Army, 
in  1812.  Few  families  were  equally  prominent 
with  that  of  Mrs.  Jones,  in  the  earlier  history 
of  the  Maumee  Vallej'.  Five  children  have 
been  born  to  Doctor  and  Mrs.  Jones — three 
sons  and  two  daughters. 


SYMMES  HENRY  BERGEN,  M.  D.,  was 
born  near  Princeton,  New  Jersey,  July  15, 
1826.  His  parents  were  Christopher  and  Mary 
(Disbrow)  Bergen  ;  his  ancestors  being  among 
the  earliest  settlers  of  New  York,  Hans 
Hansen  Bergen,  a  ship  carpenter  of  Bergen, 
Norway,  having  arrived  in  this  country  and 
settled  at  New  Amsterdam  (New  York)  in  163o, 
coining  in  the  same  vessel  with  ^Youter  Van 
Twiller,  the  second  Director-General  of  that 
Province.  In  1G.39,  he  was  married  with  Sarah 
Jansen  de  Rapalje,  born  in  1025,  being  the  first 
white  child  of  European  parentage  born  in  the 
Colony  of  New  Netherlands.  The  family  occu- 
pied a  prominent  place  in  the  early  history  of 
New  York  and  New  Jersey'.  Christopher  was 
a  Captain  in  the  War  of  1812-15,  and  died  in 
1844,  aged  60  years.  His  fiither  was  a  Soldier 
of  the  Revolution,  and  was  a  Slaveholder  when 
Slavery  existed  in  New  Jersey.  Symraes's 
mother  was  a  native  of  New  Jersey  and  died  in 
1846,  aged  60  years.  Her  father  was  a  promi- 
nent man  of  Cranberry,  in  that  State,  and  was 
largely  interested  in  an  early  Stage-line  be- 
tween New  York  and  Philadelphia.  Symmes 
was  limited  in  means  for  education  to  those 
furnished  by  the  Common  Schools  of  the  local- 
ity. When  13  years  old  he  was  sent  to  a  pri- 
vate School  at  Freehold,  where  he  remained 
until  prepared  for  the  senior  year  at  College, 
and  in  1844  began  the  study  of  medicine  with 
a  brother,  and  in  1846  matriculated  at  Berk- 
shire Medical  College,  Pittsfield,  Massachusetts. 
The  next  year  he  entered  tlie  College  of  Physi- 
cians and  Surgeons  of  New  York  City.  Here 
he  remained  but  six  months,  when,  at  the  earn- 
est solicitation  of  Dr.  Alonzo  Clark,  he  went  to 
Woodstock,  Vermont,  and  received  the  position 
of  DemoiKstrator  of  Anatomy  in  the  Vermont 
Medical  College,  from  which  College  he  received 
his  diploma  in  1848.  His  practice  of  medicine 
was  begun  in  North  Bay,  Oneida  County,  New 
York,  at  which  place  he  remained  seven  years. 
He  came  to  Toledo  in  1855,  when  he  was  in- 
duced by  Eastern  friends  to  make  his  home 
there.  He  was  a  successful  and  honored  Physi- 
cian, and  always  commanded  an  extensive  and 
lucrative  practice.  He  was  devoted  to  his  pro- 
fession, and  even  when  suffering  from  jjhysical 
ailments,  would  continue  to  answer  the  calls  ot 
the  suffering.  During  his  long  career  of  use- 
fulness in  Toledo,  he  filled  many  positions  of 
public  trust.  During  the  War  he  was  Coroner 
of  the  Count}'  four  years.  Was  a  member  of 
the  Board  of  Education  for  several  terms,  and 
one  of  the  most  active  and  energetic  members 
of  the  Board  of  Health.  As  a  member  of  the 
City,  District  and  State  Medical  Societies,  he 
always  did  his  share  toward  making  the  meet- 
ings of  these  bodies  interesting  and  profitable. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  State  Medical  Asso- 


I 


-y'fyWT  Baltic-- 


^    ^/'t<^''^-z.'^t^-t_.e.,yi^       /^^ 


<=^^'d-^r^--c  ct-o-O, 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


or.i 


ciations  of  New  York,  Massachusetts  and  Ver- 
mont. His  devotion  to  the  welfare  of  the 
Protestant  Orphans'  Home,  now  on  Lagrange 
Street,  is  entitled  to  special  mention.  From 
the  date  of  the  organization  of  that  valuable 
institution,  which  took  place  at  his  house,  until 
his  death,  his  unremitting  and  gratuitous  efforts 
were  employed  in  its  behalt — profession  a  ilj- 
and  in  such  other  waj^s  as  occasions  permitted. 
He  was  Physician  to  the  County  Infirmary  for  10 
years,and  tor  several  j'ears  Consulting  Phj'sician 
for  St.  "Vincent  Hospital,  Toledo.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Odd  Fellows  fraternity  for  years. 
Uniting  with  the  First  Congregational  Church 
soon  after  arriving  at  Toledo,  he  retained  such 
relation  to  the  time  of  his  death.  He  was  for 
some  years  United  States  Pension  Examiner  at 
Toledo,  and  a  member  of  the  Pension  Board, 
of  which  he  was  the  Treasurer.  In  politics  he 
was  originally  a  Whig,  becoming  aEepublican 
on  the  organization  of  that  party.  For  some 
time  before  his  death  his  health  became  im- 
paired, and  he  was  obliged  reluctantly  to  relin- 
quish his  practice,  that  he  might  endeavor  to 
regain  his  strength.*  In  this  he  was  not  suc- 
cessful, as  he  returned  to  his  home  from  a 
lengthened  sojourn  East  among  his  relatives, 
only  to  pass  away  to  his  eternal  rest  from  his 
Toledo  home.  Dr.  Bergen  and  Miss  Mary  S. 
Lalor,  daughter  of  Jeremiah  and  Elizabeth 
Lalor,  of  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  were  mar- 
ried November  28,  18G0.  Mrs.  Bergen  now 
resides  at  Toledo. 

WILLIAM  C.  CHAPMAN,  M.  D.,  was  born 
in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  August  15,  1840.  His 
father.  Dr.  W.  B.  Chapman,  was  a  physician, 
and  his  mother,  Margaret  Crossman,  a  daugh- 
ter of  a  leading  member  of  the  Society  of 
Friends  in  that  City.  The  son's  early  educa- 
tional advantages  consisted  of  the  Public 
Schools.  Subsequently  he  attended  an  academ- 
ical course  in  the  private  School  of  Charles  B. 
Matthews.  At  the  age  of  18  years,  he  directed 
his  attention  to  pharmacj*,  under  the  instruc- 
tion of  his  father,  a  leading  pharmacist  of  Cin- 
cinnati. In  1861,  he  entered  upon  the  study 
of  medicine  as  a  profession,  taking  a  partial 
course  of  lectures  in  the  Medical  College  of 
Ohio,  and  pursuing  his  studies  under  the  pre- 
ceptorship  of  Drs.  Wra.  Clendenin  and  Win.  H. 
Mussey.  His  course  of  study  was  for  a  time 
interrupted  by  reason  of  business  connections  ; 
but  was  resumed  in  1871,  and  in  the  Spring 
of  1873,  he  was  graduated  from  the  Miami 
Medical  College  of  Cincinnati.  Having  re- 
ceived his  diploma,  Dr.  Chapman  directed  his 
steps  toward  Toledo,  as  the  locality  for  enter- 
ing upon  his  chosen  life-work,  which  since 
that  time  has  been  his  home.  From  his  intro- 
duction there,  his  success  has  been  marked,  his 
practice  being  of  steady  and  healthful  growth, 
and  among  classes  of  citizens  whose  confidence 
is  strong  testimony  to  the  true   merits  of  the 


practitioner.  Connecting  himself  with  West- 
minster Presbyterian  Church,  Dr.  Chapman 
was  subsequently  chosen  as  one  of  tlie  Hilling 
Elders  of  the  same  and  has  been  reelected. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Toledo  B<iard  of 
Health  for  several  years,  and  in  other  chan- 
nels has  taken  an  active  interest  in  the  welfare 
of  his  fellow-citizens.  On  the  'M  of  September, 
1863,  Dr.  Cha])rnan  was  married  to  Miss  Har- 
riet Mitchell,  daughter  of  Mr.  Jethro  Mitchell, 
of  Cincinnati,  senioi'  partner  of  the  Lumber 
firm  of  Mitchell  &  Rowland,  Toledo.  Five 
sons  have  been  born  to  them,  each  of  whom  is 
now  living. 

SAMUEL  WOLCOTT  SKINNER,  Physician 
and  Surgeon,  of  Toledo,  was  born  at  New  Brit- 
ain, Connecticut,  June  19,  1820.  The  genealogj- 
of  his  famil}-  can  be  traced  back  (or  hundreds 
of  years,  representing  on  both  sides  a  line  of 
English  ancestors  prominent  in  both  hemi- 
spheres, and  who  were  among  the  very  earliest 
settlers  in  New  P^ngland.  His  father,  Newton 
Skinner,  was  born  at  East  Granby,  Connecti- 
cut, October  10,1782;  a  graduate  of  Yale  Col- 
lege ;  and  almost  at  the  beginning  of  a  bi'illiant 
and  useful  career  as  a  Congregational  minister, 
died  at  the  comparatively  early  age  of  43  years. 
His  mother's  maiden  name  was  Ursula  Wolcott, 
was  born  at  East  Wind.sor,  Connecticut,  No- 
vember 17,  1788,  and  died  June  1,  18G0.  She 
was  a  descendant  of  a  family  many  of  whom 
were  distinguished  in  the  political  history  of 
New  England.  The  founders  of  the  American 
branch  of'  the  Wolcott  famil}'  settled  at  Windsor 
as  early  as  1632.  Shortly  after  his  father's 
death  the  mother  of  the  subject  of  this,  with 
her  three  children,  removed  to  Weatherfield, 
Connecticut,  but  soon  after  to  Harllbrd.  It 
was  at  the  latter  place  the  early  education  of 
young  Skinner  was  commenced,  and  for  a  num- 
ber of  years  following  he  attended  the  Gram- 
mar School  of  that  City.  The  family  finally 
moved  to  East  Windsor,  where  his  preparatory 
studies  were  continued  until  1837,  when  for  one 
year  following  he  attended  School  at  Gorhani, 
Maine;  after  which  he  returned  to  Yale  Col- 
lege, whence  he  was  graduated  in  1842.  After 
graduation,  he  commenced  the  study  of  medi- 
cine in  the  office  of  Dr.  Elijah  Reed,  of  East 
Windsor.  At  the  same  time  he  attended  lec- 
tures at  the  College  of  Physicians  anil  Surgeons 
in  New  York  City.  He  received  the  degree 
M.  D.  at  Neu-  Haven,  in  1846,  and  soon  after 
commenced  practice  at  Windsor  Lock,  Con- 
necticut, and  there  established  for  himself  the 
reputation  of  a  competent  and  successful  prac- 
titioner. Here  he  continued  until  the  breaking 
out  of  the  War  of  the  Rebellion.  The  prin- 
ciples involved  in  that  struggle  ap]iealcd  to  his 
patriotism,  and  in  Ma}-,  1861,  he  left  his  |)i'ac- 
tice  and  entered  the  service  as  Surgeon  of  the 
Fourth  Regiment  of  Connecticut  Infantry, 
which  soon  was  reorganized  as  the  First  Con- 


552 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


neoticut  Heavy  Artilleiy.  Ho  served  with  this 
Ikigiiueiil  until  it  was  mustered  out,  Sci)tember 
25,  18G5,  a  considorable  portion  of  which  time 
lie  served  as  Surgeon  in-Cliief  on  General  J)e 
Ku8sej-'s  Staff.  l>uring  this  period  lie  was 
stationed  near  Washington,  1).  C,  South  of  the 
Potomac  Eiver.  So  well  did  lie  perform  his 
duties,  that  when  the  Eegimenl  was  mustered 
out,  he  received  a  Brevet  commission  as  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel for  efficient  and  meritorious 
sei-vice.  In  January,  1866,  Dr.  Skinner  re- 
moved with  his  family  to  Toledo,  where  he  has 
since  been  engaged  in  a  general  medical  prac- 
tice, and  wliere  he  has  justly  gained  a  high 
rejjutation  for  professional  attainments,  and  as 
a  public  spirited  citizen.  For  several  years  he 
served  as  Health  Officer  of  the  City,  and  for 
many  years  ho  has  been  a  Consulting  Surgeon 
of  si.  Vincent  Hospital.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  State  Medical  Society  and  of  the  Toledo 
Medical  Association.  Dr.  Skinner  was  formerlj' 
a  Whig  in  polities,  but  since  185()  he  has  been 
a  staunch  Republican.  While  taking  a  warm 
interest  in  all  that  pertains  to  good  government 
in  City,  State  and  Nation,  he  has  never  been  a 
seeker  after  political  preferment.  Of  a  retiring 
disposition.  Dr.  Skinner  has  never  striven  to 
gain  public  notoriety.  He  is  a  man  of  culture, 
and  well  advised  on  the  advance  of  medical 
practice  for  the  last  half  centurj'.  Of  kindly 
sympathies,  he  is  esteemed  in  the  community 
in  which  he  resides,  not  less  for  his  unostenta- 
tious character,  than  for  his  professional  stand- 
ing. Dr.  Skinner  was  married  September  16, 
1846,  with  Doriannie  Fuller,  of  Hampton,  Con- 
necticut, a  lineal  descendant  of  Dr.  Samuel 
Fuller,  known  to  history  as  the  "  Beloved  Phy- 
sician of  the  Maj'flower."  Four  children  have 
been  born  to  them,  all  of  whom  are  now  living, 
and  in  order  of  births  are  as  follows:  Helen, 
born  September  21,  1847,  now  widow  of  Chas. 
M.  Dimmick ;  Alice,  born  February  24,  1849, 
the  wife  of  Judge  John  H.  Doyle,  of  Toledo  ; 
Edward  B.,  bo"rn  February  24,  1852,  Book- 
keeper for  Maclaren  &  Sprague;  and  Samuel 
W.  Jr.,  born  October  8,  1861,  Book-keeper  for 
Milburn  Wagon  Works. 

CALVIN  HAMILTON  REED,  M.  D.,  is  a 
son  of  George  and  Martha  (Morgan)  Eeed,  and 
was  born  near  Milfbrd  Center,  in  Union  County, 
Ohio,  November  20,  1840,  on  a  farm  where  his 
grandfather  settled  in  1800,  as  one  of  the  ear- 
liest pioneers  of  that  section.  Young  Eeed 
knew  from  actual  toil  the  hard  work  of  a  far 
mer's  boy.  Until  his  18th  year,  his  education 
was  limited  to  the  country  District  School ;  but 
he  evinced  a  taste  for  literary  pursuits,  and 
under  these  unfavorable  advantages  made  rapid 
progress  in  his  studies.  His  parents  beinw 
unable  to  keep  him  in  School,  he  was  compelled 
to  begin  teaching  to  provide  the  necessary 
money  for  obtaining  an  education.  Fi-om  the 
age  of  18  until  his  20th  year,  he  taught  School 


during  the  Winter  months  and  worked  on  the 
farm  during  the  Summer.  In  1860,  with  the 
money  his  own  exertions  bad  gained,  he 
entered  the  Marysville  Academy.  While  there 
he  responded  to  President  Lincoln  for  troops 
in  1863,  and  enlisted  for  three  months,  serving 
as  Corporal  in  Company  E,  Kighty-Sixth  Ohio 
Volunteer  Infantr\-.  Most  of  the  time  he  was 
stationed  at  Clarksbui'g,  West  Virginia.  He 
remained  with  the  Regiment  until  the  expir- 
ation of  its  period  of  enlistment.  A  iter  his 
return  he  entei-ed  the  Ohio  Wesleyan  Univer- 
sity at  Delaware,  where,  bj'  teaching  a  pai-t  ot 
the  time,  he  succeeded  at  the  end  of  fiiur  years 
in  finishing  his  literary  education.  Duringthe 
Summer  of  1865  he  taught  School  at  Milford 
Centre,  and  in  the  fall  began  the  study  of  med- 
icine in  the  office  of  Dr.  John  W.  Hamilton, 
Professor  of  Surgery  in  Starling  Medical  Col- 
lege at  Columbus.  Here  he  attended  three 
courses  of  lectures  at  the  Starling  Medical  Col- 
lege, from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1868.  He 
then  came  to  Toledo,  where,  for  19  years,  he 
has  been  engaged  in  an  active  and  growing 
practice.  Dr.  Eeed  is  identified  with  the 
various  Societies  pertaining  to  his  profession, 
being  a  member  of  the  Toledo,  the  State 
and  the  Northwestern  Ohio  Medical  Associa- 
tions. He  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  To- 
ledo School  of  Medicine,  in  1878,  in  which  he 
lectured  on  obstetrics  from  that  time  until  the 
reorganization  of  the  School  as  the  Northwes- 
tern Ohio  Medical  College,  when  he  v^'as  elected 
to  the  chair  of  Professor  of  Obstetrics,  a  posi- 
tion he  still  holds.  W^hile  he  has  devoted 
his  time  to  the  demands  of  a  general  practice, 
he  has  made  the  branch  of  obstetrics  a  special 
feature,  to  which  he  has  given  much  time  and 
attention.  The  doctor  has  occasionally  contrib- 
uted to  medical  literature.  Among  other  pajjers 
is  a  report  in  the  American  Practitioner,  of 
1876,  of  a  case  of  connate  gangrene,  contradict- 
ing the  accepted  theories  in  relation  to  this  dis- 
ease, and  which  so  far  as  known,  is  the  onlj-  well 
authenticated  case  on  record.  In  1878  he  con- 
tributed an  article  to  the  State  Medical  Society 
on  "  Quinine,  a  prophylactic  in  Scarlet  Fever," 
published  in  the  proceedings  of  the  society, 
a  subject  which  has  since  attracted  the  atten- 
tion of  the  profession.  Outside  his  professional 
duties,  he  has  also  given  much  attention 
to  the  educational  affairs  of  the  City,  hav- 
ing served  for  several  terms  as  a  member  of 
the  Board  of  Education.  In  1883  he  declined 
a  nomination,  Init  in  1885  was  again  elected. 
The  large  majorities  received  by  him  whenever 
a  candidate  is  the  best  testimonial  of  his  popu- 
larity and  the  strongest  endorsement  of  the 
manner  in  which  he  discharged  his  duties.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  order  of  United  Workmen, 
the  Knights  of  Pythias  and  the  Masonic  Order. 
In  the  Knights  of  Pythias  he  is  Past  Chancel- 
lor, also  a  member  of  the  Grand  Lodge.  At 
its  organization  he  was  elected  Surgeon  of  the 


-'•f-iywrsiit^i-sld;^'' 


TEE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


553 


Sixteenth  Division  of  tlie  Uniformed  Eank,  and 
in  the  State  organization  was  elected  Eegimen- 
tal  Surgeon,  and  with  rank  of  Major  of  the 
Second  Regiment ;  and  in  the  reorganization 
of  that  body  was  chosen  to  the  same  position 
in  the  Sixth  Regiment,  a  position  he  still  re- 
tains. Dr.  Reed  was  married  J  une  0, 1869,  with 
Emma  B.  Smythe,  of  Columbus,  Ohio,  a  daugh- 
ter of  Henry  P.  Smythe.  Five  children  have 
been  horn  to  them — Morgan  Smythe,  February 
20,  1872  ;  Harris  Hamilton, November  31, 1873, 
died  August  14,  1879  ;  Chase  Campbell,  Feb- 
ruary G,  1875 ;  Carl  Kirkley,  July  15,  1876, 
died  October  24,  1882  ;  and  Liuuel  Leckey, 
August  17,  1877.  A  member  of  the  Third 
Presbyterian  Church,  he  has  taken  an  active 
interest  in  matters  relating  to  Church  work, 
and  for  a  number  of  years  has  been  one  of  its 
Trustees.  In  Toledo,  where  tor  so  many  years 
he  has  been  in  constant  practice,  his  so- 
cial nature  as  well  as  professional  skill  have 
given  him  the  respect  and  esteem  of  a  wide 
circle  of  friends. 


Dr.  Waldo  C.  Daniels  was  born  in  Syracuse, 
New  York,  February  4,  1833,  and  having 
gained  a  liberal  education  at  the  University  of 
Michigan,  he  studied  medicine  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  Buflalo  Medical  College  in  1854. 
Soon  after  graduation  he  settled  in  Toledo,  and 
was  one  of  the  original  members  of  the  Toledo 
Medical  Association.  He  died  in  Chicago, 
January  27,  1882. 

Dr.  Spencer  Dills  was  born  in  Warren 
County,  Indiana,  and  having  obtained  an  edu- 
cation in  the  Schools  of  that  State,  studied  medi- 
cine and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Michigan,  Ann  Arbor,  in  the  Spring  of  1871. 
He  was  an  earnest  and  faithful  student,  and 
gave  great  promise  of  a  useful  life,  but  died 
soon  after  establishing  himself  in  Toledo. 
Having  charge  of  the  small-pox  hospital,  he 
contracted  that  dreadful  disease.  Leaving 
his  wife  and  family,  as  he  did  not  wish  them 
to  risk  infection,  he  was  taken  to  the  hospital, 
where  he  died  after  a  brief  illness  of  five  or  six 
days.     His  death  occurred  October  20,  1872. 

Dr.  William  M.  Douglass.  Born  May  28, 
1843,  at  Johnstown,  Pennsylvania.  He  re 
ceived  his  education  in  his  native  place,  and 
entered  the  Arm}-  when  19  3-ears  of  age,  and 
remained  in  the  service  until  the  end  of  the 
War,  In  1868  he  began  the  study  of  medicine, 
and  was  graduated  at  the  Universit}'  of  Michi- 
gan in  1871.  He  began  practice  at  Commerce, 
Michigan,  but  in  1872  came  to  Toledo,  where 
he  remained  until  August,  1874,  in  active  prac- 
tice. At  this  date  he  fell  sick  with  pneumonia, 
resulting  in  abscess,  from  which  he  never  re- 
covered. He  was  removed  to  his  native  city, 
where  he  died.  May  4,  1877,  having  been  a 
continuous  sufferer  for  nearly  three  years. 

Dr.  Harry  D.  Earl  was   born  at   Massillon, 

86 


Ohio,  August  9,  1850.  Having  obtained  an 
education  in  Toledo,  he  spent  three  years  in 
the  study  of  medicine  at  the  University  of 
Michigan,  and  was  graduated  at  Bellevue 
Medical  College  in  1876.  He  began  the  prac- 
tice of  his  profession  in  Toledo,  but  soon  moved 
to  Texas,  where  he  died  from  typhoid  fever  on 
November  30,  1878. 

*  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATIONS. 

The  earliest  organization  of  physicians  in 
this  section,  of  which  record  is  found,  was  the 
Maumee  Valley  Medical  Association.  The 
date  of  its  start  is  not  known.  Notice  was 
made  in  the  public  press  of  a  meeting  of  this 
Association,  held  at  the  Commercial  Building 
in  Maumee,  June  6,  1842,  with  Dr.  H.  Conant, 
President,  in  tiie  Chair.  Dr.  E.  D.  Peck,  of 
Perr3-sburg,  from  a  Committee,  reported  favor- 
ably on  the  application  of  Dr.  C.  S.  Ramsay 
for  admission  to  the  Society.  Dr.  Peck  also 
made  report  on  the  subject  of  Mesmerism, 
recommending  that  no  further  attention  be 
given  to  that  subject  by  the  Society.  Where- 
upon, Dr.  t'alviu  Smith,  of  Toledo,  submitted 
the  following  resolution,  which,  after  discus- 
sion, was  unanimously  passed,  to  wit : 

Reiohx'd,  That  in  the  opinion  of  this  Society,  the 
so-calleil  science  of  "  Mesmerism  "  or  ''  Animal  Mag- 
netism," as  generally  understood  and  advocated,  is 
an  imposition  upon  the  public  credulity. 

Officers  were  chosen  as  follows  :  President, 
E.  D.  Peck;  Vice  President,  H.  Burritt,  of 
Maumee ;  Secretai'y,  Cornelius  Matthews,  of 
Toledo;  Treasurer,  Oscar  White,  of  Maumee; 
Censors,  Calvin  Smith,  of  Toledo;  Horace 
Green,  of  Sylvania ;  J.  H.  Van  Avery,  C.  L. 
Ramsa}-,  and  N.  Dustin.  The  Society  then 
consisted  of  the  following  named  members : 
John  H.  Van  Avery,  George  R.  Perkins,  Ho- 
ratio Conant,  Calvin  Smith,  C.  Matthews,  B.  D. 
Peck,  Harvey  Burritt,  H.  S.Woodworth,  Horace 
Green,  N.  Dustin,  Chas.  McLean,  John  Mosher, 
Justus  Dwight,  Oscar  White,  Wm.  St.  Clair,  C. 
S.  Ramsay — 16  in  number. 

The  first  organization  by  the  medical  practi- 
tioners of  Toledo,  was  effected  June  22,  1851, 
by  Drs.  Graham,  Jones,  Hazlett,  Timjiauy, 
Scott,  Taylor  and  Dawson,  who  then  met  at  the 
office  of  Dr.  Graham.  After  discussion  of  the 
matter  it  was  resolved  to  organize  a  Medical 
Association,  and  a  Committee  was  appointed  to 
draft  a  constitution  and  by-laws,  and  the  Sec- 
retarj^.  Dr.  Jones,  was  instructed  to  notify 
other  physicians  of  the  City  of  the  action 
taken. 

At  a  meeting  held  September  29th,  a  consti- 
tution and  by-laws  were  reported  from  the 
Committee  and  were  adopted  by  the  Society, 
thus  bringing  into  existence  the  Toledo  Medi- 
cal Association.     The  following  named  gentle- 

*By  William  C.  Chapman,  M.  D. 


554 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


men  then  signed  as  members,  and  were  the 
charter  members  of  the  new  Society,  to  wit: 
Hosnier  Graliam,  P.  H.  Dawson,  I.  N.  Hazlett, 
Alfred  Taylor,  W.  W.  Jones,  F.  J.  Klauser,  W. 
C.  Scott  and  H.  II.  Timpany.  Of  these  but  one 
(Dr.  W.  W.  Jones)  now  survives,  the  remainder 
having  passed  to  the  other  world. 

At  a  subsequent  meeting,  officers  were  elected 
and  fee  bill  and  additional  by-laws  adopted. 
The  officers  elected  were  as  follows:  Presi- 
dent, Dr.  Hosmer  Graham ;  Vice  President, 
Dr.  R.  H.  Timpany;  Treasurer,  Dr.  P.  H. 
Dawson  ;  Secretary,  Dr.  W.  W.  Jones  ;  Execu- 
tive Committee,  Dr.  I.  N.  Hazlett,  Dr.  A.  Tay- 
lor, Dr.  C.  Smith. 

The  Association  as  thus  formed  was  destined 
to  be  short-lived.  During  the  cholera  epi- 
demic of  1852  the  physicians  were  so  busy  that 
meetings  were  neglected,  and  the  Society  was 
allowed  to  languisli.  We  have  no  reports  of 
proceedings  until  at  the  call  of  Dr.  Jones,  who 
still  remained  the  Secretary,  a  meeting  was 
held  in  the  parlor  of  the  Collins  House,  July 
26,  1856.  Again  was  considered  the  ques- 
tion of  organization,  and  a  committee  ap- 
pointed to  draw  up  a  new  constitution  and  by- 
laws. At  this  meeting  Drs.  Timpanj',  Jones, 
Swain,  Bergen,  Bostwick,  Ellis,  Forbes,  Braun, 
Cold  ham,  Fenneberg,  Norris  and  Daniels  were 
present.  At  a  subsequent  meeting,  the  follow- 
ing officers  were  elected  :  President,  Dr. 
Jacob  Clark ;  Vice  President,  Dr.  William  C. 
Scott ;  Treasurer,  Dr.  S.  H.  Bergen  ;  Secretary, 
Dr.  W.  W.  Jones;  Librarian,  Dr.  C.  H.  Swain  ; 
Executive  Committee,  Dr.  S.  H.  Bergen,  Dr.  C. 
H.  Swain,  Dr.  S.  F.  Forbes. 

In  May,  1857,  the  As.30ciation  was  made 
auxiliarjT  to  the  Ohio  State  Medical  Society  at  its 
meeting  held  in  Sandusky  during  that  month. 

Fi'om  the  new  organization  in  July,  1856, 
the  Toledo  Medical  Association  has  been  con- 
tinuouslj-  active  in  promoting  the  welfare  of  the 
profession.  Meetings  of  interest  and  value 
have  been  held  at  stated  intervals — at  present 
on  the  second  and  fourth  Fridays  of  every 
mouth.  In  membership  it  now  numbers  nearly 
60  active  members,  with  a  few  upon  whom 
honorarj'  membership  has  been  conferred. 
Many  went  from  its  ranks  to  serve  their  coun- 
try during  the  War  of  the  Eebellion — some 
never  to  return,  and  others  to  bring  home 
valuable  experience  obtained  in  field  hospital- 
practice.  When  in  April,  1861,  the  first  gun 
was  tired  on  Sumter,  the  Toledo  Medical  Asso- 
ciation came  to  the  front,  and  at  a  meeting 
called  for  that  purpose  April  22d,  the  fol- 
lowing patriotic  expression  was  unanimously 
adopted  : 

Whereas,  An  exigency  has  arisen  in  the  affairs 
of  our  country,  requiring  the  sacrifice  of  private  in- 
terests for  the  public  good,  and  the  manifestation  of 
sympathy  and  kindness  by  all  classes  toward  those 
who  devote  themselves  to  the  public  service ;  there- 
fore, 


Resolved,  That  the  Physicians  of  this  Society  will 
attend  the  families  of  Volunteer  Soldiers  without 
charge  during  their  employment  iu  active  service. 

The  following  list  embraces  the  names  of  all 
members  of  the  Association,  from  its  organiza- 
tion to  the  present  time.  Many  changes  have 
occurred  by  death,  and  by  removal  from  the 
City.  The  profession  is  constantly  cliangina;, 
some  coming  to  remain  a  few  months,  and 
others,  meeting  with  success,  make  here  a  per- 
manent home.  Formerly,  Lucas  County  was 
considered  a  very  unhealth)^  locality.  At  the 
present  time,  largely  through  the  individual 
efforts  of  the  members  of  the  Medical  Associa- 
tion, the  City  has  been  improved  in  that  re- 
spect, and  now  ranks  second  to  no  localitj-  in 
point  of  healthfulness. 

List  of  members  of  Toledo  Medical  Associa- 
tion, with  jear  of  admission  to  same  : 


18.56.  William  W.  Jones.    1870. 

Waldo  C.  Daniels.     1871. 

Charles  H.  Swain. 

Symmes  H.  Bergen. 

Samuel  F.  Forbes. 

W.  C.  Scott. 

Valentine  Braun.       1872. 

James  L.  Chase. 

Jacob  Olark. 

Isaac  N.  Hazlett. 

Tbos.  P.  Norris. 
1857.  L.  G.  Andrews. 

Onnelie  N.  Ellis.        187:3. 
1859.  Jabez  M.  Cooke.        1873. 

James  G.  Nolen. 

Jerome  B.  Trembley. 

D.  L.  Briggs. 

Albert  Tyler. 

B.  V.  Swerringer.      1874. 

1861.  Sam\iel  S.  Thorn. 
Charles  Cochran. 
Geo.  A.  CoUamore. 

1862.  M.  C.  Plessner. 

1863.  John  W.  Bond. 

Lewis  H.  Bodnian.    1875. 
D.  P.  Chamberlin. 
Albert  W.  Fi.sher. 
Thomas  J.  Eaton. 

1864.  Edwin  G.  Bradlev. 

1865.  Thomas  M.  Cook. 

D.  B.  Sturgeon.  1876. 

1866.  Samuel  W.  Skinner. 
J.  E.  Woodbridge. 
H.  M.  Schnetzler. 
James  F.  Aris. 
Frederick  Hohlv. 
Frank  P.  Wilson. 
Richard  Worth. 
Wm.  H.  Ralston. 

Oscar  J.  Price.  1877. 

1868.  Henry  A.  Root. 

Cyrus  A.  Kirklev.     1S77. 
Joseph  T.  Woods'.      1878. 
George  W.  Bowen. 
Max.  C.  Jungbluth. 

1869.  Lewis  Barken.  1879. 
Jesse  Snodgrass. 

Wm.  T.  Ridenour.  1880. 
James  M.  Waddick.  1881. 
Joel  Green,  Jr.  1882. 

1870.  John  A.  Blanchard.  1883. 
Calvin  H.  Reed. 

Philo  E.  Jones. 


William  Cherry. 
George  0.  Moore. 
George  L.  Hoege. 
Asa  Bigelow. 
Thomas  Cosgrove. 
Spencer  Dills. 
J.  W.  Southworth. 
James  A.  Duncan. 
James  T.  Lawless. 
Wm.  I\I.  Douglass. 
Zep  Rouleau. 
Augustus  F.  Hipp. 
Jonathan  Priest. 
John  M.  Crafts. 
Ivory  S.  Cole. 
Frederick  Jaeger. 
Wm.  C.  Chapman. 
Ernst  Wuestefield. 
James  Cold  ham. 
A.J.  Bostater. 
Wm.  W.  Culllson. 
G.  Fenneberg. 
Thomas  Waddel. 
W.  H.  Parcels. 
Henrv  H.  Darst. 
Wm."L.  Kimball. 
M.  C.  Hoag. 
Samuel  Downs. 
John  H.  Curry. 
F.  A.  Kitchen. 
U.  D.  Chamberlin. 
C.  S.  Chamberlin. 

B.  H.  Hanks. 
Theodore  A.  Felch. 
H.  D.  Earl. 

R.  C.  Bell. 

O.  S.  Brigham. 

H.  C.  iMann. 

W.  C.  Craven. 

Thos.  J.  Cronise. 

Harrison  Hathaway. 

C.  J.  Deitz. 
John  A.  Wright. 
F.  A.  Eldredge. 
Chas.  W.  Higgins. 
C.  L.  Van  Peli;: 

O.  N.  Tindall. 
John  Gardner. 
Kenneth  Gunsolus. 
Charles  N.  Smith. 
Jas.  C.  Reinhart. 
Wm.  G.  Anderson. 
A.  M.  Duncan. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


555 


1883.  H.  D.  Babcock. 

1885.  E.  D.  Steincamp. 
Jas.  Donnelly. 
J.  M.  Bessey. 
James  L.  Tracy. 
Allen  De  Vilbiss. 

1886.  W.  R.  Gifford. 
L.  W.  Heydiich. 


1886.  J.  W.  Lilly. 
Chas.  Roulet. 

A.  R.  Smart. 

1887.  Edward  G.  May. 
Seth  W.  Beckwith. 

B.  Becker. 
Albert  S.  Waite. 
U.  G.  Lipes. 


NORTHWESTERN    OHIO  MEDICAL   COLLEGE. 

hi  the  Spring  of  1878  the  Toledo  School  of 
Medicine  was  organized.  Its  object  was 
to  provide  preliminary  instruction  desirable 
lor  admission  to  Medical  Colleges.  A  more 
thorough  preparation  of  students,  particularly 
in  the  fundamental  branches  of  Medical  Sci- 
ence, was  considered  desirable,  as  contributing 
toward  the  elevation  of  the  standard  of  Medical 
education.  The  session  opened  in  March  and 
continued  20  weeks.  The  following  physicians 
formed  the  original  Faculty: 

Samuel  S.  Thorn,  M.  D.,  Surgery  ;  W.  T.  Ride- 
nour,  M.  D.,  Physiology  and  Diseases  of  Nervous 
Svstem  ;  George  A.  Collamore,  M.  D.,  Principles  and 
Practice  of  Medicine  ;  Calvin  H.  Reed,  M.  D.,  Ob- 
stetrics ;  Cyrus  A.  Kirkley,  M.  D.,  Gynecology  and 
Diseases  of  Children  ;  John  H.  Curry,  M.  D.,  Oph- 
thalmology and  Otology;  W.  C.  Chapman,  M.  D., 
Materia  Medica  and  Therapeutics  ;  C.  S.  Chamberlin, 
M.  D.,  Chemistry  and  Toxicology;  J.  A.  Duncan,  M. 
D.,  Anatomy  ;  O.  S.  Brigham,  M.  D.,  Pathological 
Anatomy. 

In  1882,  the  idea  of  a  preliminary  School  was 
abandoned,  and  a  charter  for  a  Medical  College 
was  obtained,  under  the  name  of  the  North- 
western Ohio  Medical  College.  The  Faculty 
comprises  some  of  the  original  members  of  the 
jjreliminary  School,  witli  the  addition  of  other 
well  known  members  of  the  medical,  legal  and 
scientific  professions.  The  aim  of  the  College 
is  to  furnish  a  thorough  course  of  instruction  in 
medicine  and  surgery,  hj-gieneand  state  medi- 
cine, equal  to  that  obtainable  at  the  best  Col- 
leges in  the  United  States.  The  College  term 
is  continuous  through  the  Winter,  being  of  sis 
months  duration.  The  College  building  (Nos. 
71  and  73  Lagrange  Street)  has  been  especially 
adapted  to  its  purpose.  Classes  have  been 
graduated  every  Spring  since  its  organization. 

The  following  constitute  the  Board  of  Trus- 
tees and  the  Faculty  of  the  College  : 

Trustees— C.  F.  Curtis,  President;  J.  W.  Bond, 
M.  D.,  Vice  President ;  George  W.  Davis,  Treasurer  ; 
Clarence  Brown,  Secretarv  ;  Robert  Cummings,  Hon. 
N.  H.  Swayne,  Jr.,  Rev.  F.  B.  DuVal,  D.  D.,  C.  W. 
Bond,  Thomas  Vanstone,  J.  W.  Hiett,  H.  S.  Wal- 
bridge,  A.  J.  J.  Machen,  D.  R.  Locke. 


S.  S.  Thorn,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Principles  and 
Practice  of  Surgery  and  Clinical  Surgery. 

G.  A.  Collamore,  A.  B.,  M.  D.,  Dean,  Professor  of 
Principles  and  Practice  of  Medicine. 

C.  H.  Reed,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Obstetrics. 

C.  A.  Kirkley,  M.  D.,  Secretary,  Professor  of 
Gynecology. 


J.  H.  Curry,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Ophthalmologj' 
and  Otology. 

W.  C.  Chapman,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Diseases  of 
the  Throat  and  Nose  and  Physical  Diagnosis. 

C.  L.  Van  Pelt,  A.  B.,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Hygiene 
and  State  Medicine  and  Diseases  of  Children. 

H.  M.  Schnetzler,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Diseases  of 
the  Mind  and  Nervous  System. 

W.  J.  Herdman,  Ph.  B.,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Ortho- 
pedic Surgery. 

G.  A.  Kirchmaier,  Ph.  C,  Professor  of  Chemistry 
and  Toxicology. 

J.  C.  Reinhart,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  General,  De- 
scriptive and  Surgical  Anatomy. 

I.  N.  Huntsberger,  A.  M.,  Professor  of  Medical 
Jurisprudence. 

J.  M.  Bessey,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Materia  Medica 
and  Therapeutics. 

A.  R.  Smart,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Physiology. 

James  Donnelly,  M.  D.,  Lecturer  on  Pathology. 

A.  J.  Parker,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Histology. 

S.  W.  Beckwith,  M.  D.,  Demonstrator  of  Anatomy. 

TOLEDO  MEDICAL  COLLEGE. 

This  institution  was  organized  in  1882.  A 
charter  was  obtained  in  that  year,  and  a  course 
of  lectures  given  in  both  the  Spring  and  the  Win- 
ter. The  rooms  were  on  Superior  Street,  near 
the  corner  of  Monroe.  The  location  being  unde- 
sirable, a  building  was  remodeled  for  (JoUege 
use  on  Sujierior  Street,  near  Cherry,  and  is  now 
occupied  by  the  College.  One  term  of  lectures 
is  now  given  during  the  year,  beginning  about 
the  middle  of  September  and  continaing  until 
March.  The  names  of  the  Trustees  and  Faculty 
are  as  follows : 

Trustees— Hon.  Henry  Kahlo,  Walter  Pickens, 
Hon.  Charles  A.  King,  Hon.  Frank  H.  Hurd,  David 
R.  Austin,  James  G.  Nolen,  M.  D.,  James  Blass,  T.  S. 
Merrell,  Michael  J.  Cooney,  Foster  R.  Warren,  Chas. 
Cravens,  D.  D,,  Anton  W.  Fischer,  Jonathan  Priest, 
M.  D.,  Henry  S.  Havighorst,  M.  D.,  Joseph  E. 
Hackl,  M.  D. 


J.  H.  Pooley,  M.  D.,  Dean,  Professor  of  Surgery 
and  Clinical  Surgery. 

Jonathan  Priest,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Principles 
and  Practice  of  Medicine  and  Clinical  Medicine. 

Henry  S.  Havighorst,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Anatomy. 

Richard  Whiteford,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Materia 
Medica  and  Therapeutics  and  Physical  Diagnosis. 

J.  Ernst  Hackl,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Physiology 
and  Hygiene.  ^ 

James  G.  Nolen,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Mental 
Diseases. 

Asa  Bigelow,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Obstetrics. 

William  G.  Gardiner,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Chem- 
istry and  Toxicology. 

Howard  E.  Munn,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Histology 
and  Pathology. 

James  M.  Waddick,  M.  D.,  Professor  of  Ophthal- 
mology and  Otolog)-. 

James  M.  Hueston,  A.  B.,  Professor  of  Medical 
Jurisprudence. 

William  J.  Gillette,  M.  D.,  Lecturer  on  Gyne- 
cology. 

Francis  T.  Bower,  Ph.  C,  Lecturer  on  Pharmacy 
and  Instructor  in  Chemical  Laboratory. 

Robert  B.  Cameron,  M.  D.,  Demonstrator  of 
Anatomy. 


556 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


*THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION.— HOMCEO- 
PATHIC. 

Doctor  Hans  B.  Gram  introduced  Homoe- 
opathy into  Now  York  in  the  year  1825. 
Ho  was  the  first  to  proclaim  the  laws  of  the 
New  School  within  the  limits  of  the  United 
States.  He  quickly  attracted  the  attention  of 
medical  scholars,  and  investigation  prompted 
many  to  adopt  the  new  theories.  Some  efforts 
were  made  in  lS3o  to  translate  a  few  textbooks 
into  English,  which  met  with  but  little  success. 
However,  in  1838-9,  and  in  1840,  several  works 
of  marked  ability  were  published,  which  chal- 
lenged the  attention  of  the  profession,  and  the 
marvelous  growth  which  afterwards  character- 
ized the  reformation  in  the  practice  of  medicine 
in  this  country,  began.  It  spread  from  State 
to  State— from  City  to  City — until  now,  nearly 
every  Village  has  its  regular  Homceopatiiic 
Physician.  The  introduction  of  Homceopathy 
in  Toledo,  was  made  under  the  happiest  au- 
spices. Its  local  founder  was  a  man  pre-emi- 
nently fitted  lor  the  work.  Alas  !  that  after 
many  years  of  earnest  labor,  wearying  of  the 
struggle,  the  strife  and  the  success,  the  courtly 
gentleman  and  splendid  physician  turned  to 
quieter  pursuits  for  the  employment  of  the 
talents  which  had  secured  lor  his  beloved 
School  so  firm  an  abiding-place  in  Toledo. 
Although  a  quarter  of  a  century  has  passed 
since  his  withdrawal,  the  chiefest  glory  of  the 
New  School  in  Toledo  is  the  memory  of  its 
founder — Arthur  F.  Bissell,  M.  D.  He  was 
born  in  Geneseo,  New  York,  and  removed  at 
an  early  age  to  Toledo.  His  boyhood  was 
passed  at  School,  vvhere  he  won  his  diploma  in 
his  ISth  year.  After  a  few  months  of  rest  he 
began  the  study  of  medicine.  In  the  autumn 
of  184-1  the  young  student  matriculated  at  the 
College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  New  York 
City.  Remaining  there  two  j'ears,  he  passed 
successluUj-  an  examination  tor  the  degree  of 
Doctor  of  Medicine  during  the  sessions  of  1846- 
47,  but  not  then  being  of  legal  age  his  diploma 
was  delivered  to  him  at  the  l^pring  term,  1848. 
While  a  matriculant,  he  was  an  office  student 
of  Willard  Parker,  Professor  of  Surgery  in  the 
College  of  Phj^sicians  and  Surgeons,  and  one  of 
the  oldest  and  most  widely  known  surgeons  of 
that  time.  For  a  brief  period  after  graduation, 
the  young  Physician  was  ]>laced  in  charge  of 
the  Children's" Hospital  on  Blackwell's  Island. 
Sub.scquently  he  opened  an  office  in  New  York 
City,  devoting  himself  to  such  practice  as  he 
could  obtain  and  to  attendance  at  the  College 
cliniqucs.  To  one  of  his  active  mind,  the  living 
question  of  Homoeopathy  could  not  long  re- 
main unnoticed.  To  hear  of  a  new  theo'ry  in 
Therapeutics,  was  to  inspire  in  him  an  irre- 
sistible desire  to  investigate.  And  the  only 
investigation  which  would  satisfy  him,  was  the 
practical   application   at  the  bedside.     Fprtu- 

*  By  W.  T.  Rowsey,  M.  D. 


natcly  at  that  early  date,  College  Professors 
had  not  become  so  frightened  as  to  deliberately 
and  maliciously  strive  to  envenom  the  minds 
of  students.  Investigation  was  yet  permitted 
to  the  eager  student.  Thus,  the  enthusiastic 
young  Physician  pursued  his  practical  tests 
openly  and  with  ardor,  finding  daily  delight 
and  surprise.  After  some  time  devoted  to  thus 
proving  the  truth  of  the  new  Therapeutic  law, 
he  could  no  longer  hesitate  as  to  the  course  he 
should  adopt.  Closing  up  his  affairs  in  New 
York  City  in  the  Fall  of  1848,  he  at  once  re- 
moved to  Toledo,  whore  he  began  his  unusually 
brilliant  professional  career.  At  the  ver}-  bo- 
ginning  of  his  professional  walk,  he  was  made 
to  feel  something  of  the  smart  and  hate  and 
prejudice  for  which  the  profesfsion  is  noted. 
But  I  do  not  intend  to  give  the  details  of  ig- 
norance or  bigotry,  which  greeted  the  arrival 
and  sojourn  of  the  apostle  of  the  New  School 
in  Toledo.  In  defiance  of  opposition,  ridicule 
and  slander,  the  intelligence  and  wealth  of  the 
City  gave  its  steady  support  to  the  new  sys- 
tem. Among  the  earliest  patrons  were  the 
families  of  Peter  F.  Berdan,  Esq.,  Joseph  K. 
Secor,  Esq.,  Henry  Bennett,  Esq.,  the  late  Hon. 
John  Sinclair,  Chief  Justice  Waite,  Richard 
Waite,  Esq.,  and  scores  of  others  not  now  re- 
called. But  Dr.  Bissell's  abilities  were  quickly 
recognized  by  the  public,  and  antagonism,  if 
not  respectful,  was  disarmed.  On  the  20th  of 
July,  1849,  he  was  elected  Physician  to  the 
Hospital  of  Toledo,  erected  for  the  reception  of 
cholera  patients.  In  this  position  his  success 
was  so  marked  as  to  excite  universal  and  won- 
dering comment.  He  was  elected  City  Physi- 
cian onthelSth  of  June,  1850.  That  was  quite 
an  honor  in  the  j-ears  before  Toledo  began  to 
assume  metropolitan  airs.  During  the  Fall 
term  of  1850,  the  Doctor  was  successfully  urged 
to  accept  the  chair  of  General  and  Special 
Anatomy,  in  the  Western  Homoeopathic  Col- 
lege, of  Cleveland.  He  occupied  this  chair 
during  1850-51,  and  also  filled  the  chair  of  Sur- 
gery duriugthe  latterj^ear.  In  these  jiositious 
he  added  greatly  to  his  reputation.  He  had 
rare  skill  with  the  j)encil  or  cra\  on,  which,  with 
his  unusual  ability,  gave  his  lectures  an  ab- 
sorbing interest.  But  his  professional  duties 
at  home  demanded  his  undivided  attention, 
and,  resigning  his  professorships,  he  retui'ned, 
.hoping  to  devote  himself  wholly  to  his  large 
practice.  He  was  given  but  a  short  respite. 
The  earnest  solicitations  of  the  fiiculty  won 
him  back  to  his  old  chair  in  1856,  which  ho 
retained  with  increasing  honor  until  Febru- 
ary, 1858,  when  professional  demands  forced 
him  to  resign.  In  1859  he  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  Board  of  Censors  of  the 
Homoeopathic  College  of  Missouri.  In  Au- 
gust, 1858,  he  was  invited  to  accept  the  chair 
of  Physiology  and  Pathology,  or  that  of  Theory 
and  Practice,  as  he  might  prefer,  in  the  Homoe- 
opathic College  of  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  but  his 


i5 


1 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


557 


recognition  of  professional  duty  forced  him  to 
decline.     Dr.  Bissell  thus  gave  up   all   college 
honors    to    devote    himself   to    the    toilsome 
details  of  j)rofcs.sional  life.     He  continued  ac- 
tively engaged  until  the  Spring  of  1860,  when, 
hoping  to  get  some  relief  from  excessive  labor, 
he  accepted  as  a  partner,  S.  S.  Lungren,  M.  D., 
of  Hagerstou  u,  Maryland.     But  Dr.  Bissell  was 
overworked.     A  partnership  might  somewhat 
modity  his  labors,  but  could  not  give  him  rest. 
The  experience  of  another  year  decided  him  to 
quit  the  field  altogetlier.     Accordingly   he   ar- 
ranged to  transfer  his  professional  interests  to 
Dr.  S.  S.  Lungren.     He  soon  removed  to  New 
York  City,  where  he  became  a  member  of  the 
Stamford  Manufacturing  Company,  one  of  the 
oldest   and    wealthiest  houses    in    that    City. 
Here,  if  he  succeeded  in  shunning  the    honors 
of  a  grateful  School,  he    could  not  escape  the 
bright  smiles  of  golden   success.     When    it   is 
remembered  that  this  man — this  brave  pioneer 
ota  new    theory    in    medicine — struggled    on, 
alone  and  unaiiled,  for  man}'  years,  it  becomes 
difficult  to  realize  the  obstacles  so  heroically 
overcome,  or  to  properly  measure  the  greatness 
of  his  final  success.     That  success  can   be  best 
appreciated  b_y  his  successors    in   professional 
toil,  for   whom    he   smoothed   the   waj'.     For 
many   years,   the    nearest  professional  aid  on 
which    Dr.    Bissell  could  rely  was   Dr.   Louis 
Lodge  of  Adrian,  Michigan;  Dr.  Ellis  or  Dr. 
Thayer,  Detroit ;  or  Dr.  Wheeler,  of  Cleveland. 
I    have  jierhaps    lingered    long    and    lovingly 
about  the  name  of  Dr.  Bissell,  but  he  was  a  man 
whom  to  know  was  to  love.     Dr.  Woodruff,  of 
Troy,  New  York,  and  I  were  the  onlj' students 
whom  the  Doctor  ever  had,  and  it  is  needless  to 
say,  that  the  relationship  was  delightful  to  us. 
If  some  able  j)en  could  wring  from  the  modesty 
of  tlie  Doctor  permission  to  trace  his  life,  there 
would    be    found  in  the  delightful    detail   the 
correct  history  ot  Homoeof)athy  in  Toledo.  The 
history  of  the  one  would  be  the  life  of  the  other. 
Some  time  about  1855,   Dr.   F.   Bigelow,  of 
Syracuse,  New  Y^ork,  located   in    Toledo   and 
began  the  practice  of  Homoeopathy.     Dr.  Big- 
elow was  a  man  of  quiet,  reserved  habits,  and 
of  gentle  instincts.     He  was  a  physician  of  the 
finest  abilities  and  of  the  most  admirable  char- 
acter.    He  soon  acquired  an  extensive  practice 
and  endeared  himself  to  hundreds  of  families. 
Dr.  Bissell  had   made  more  converts   than  he 
could  care  for,  and  Dr.  Bigelow's  arrival  was 
very   opportune.     Dr.  Bissell  could  not  have 
had  a  more  admirable  colleague  than  was  Dr. 
Bigelow,  who  remained  in  active  practice  until 
1866,  when  ill-health  drove  him  out  of  the  field, 
and  compelled  him  to  seek  much-needed   rest. 
He  removed  to  Syracuse,  New  York,  wiiere  he 
entered  on  a  less  active  scene ;  but  broken  and 
enfeebled  by  overwork,  he  never  regained  his 
old  time  strength,  and  after  a  brief  struggle, 
passed  away  afewyearsago,  sincerely  mourned 
by  a  multitude  of  sorrowing  friends. 


Dr.  Bigelow  admitted  Dr.  Silas  Bailey  to  a 
partnership,  which  continued  onlj'  a  little  while. 
Dr.  Bailey  retired  to  an  office  of  his  own  some 
time  in  1862.  When  the  late  war  first  stirred 
the  country  Dr.  Bailey  received  an  appoint- 
ment from  the  Government  as  Examiner  of 
Soldiers  applying  for  enlistment.  The  appoint- 
ment created  quite  an  agitation  in  local  medi- 
cal circles,  but  the  Doctor's  influence  was  suf- 
ficient to  maintain  him  in  the  position.  The 
Doctor  soon  retired  from  the  ])ractice  of  medi- 
cine and  established  himself  in  the  book  trade, 
which,  after  a  few  years  he  abandoned  and  left 
the  City. 

It  will  be  remembered  that  Dr.  Lungren 
located  here  in  1860.  The  doctor's  signal  snc- 
cess  in  Uterine  Surgery  is  really  deserving  of 
greater  notice  than  is  here  accorded  him,  but 
the  reader  is  referred  to  his  biographical  sketch 
on  another  page  for  full  information.  After 
him  came  Dr.  Rowsey  ;  then  E.  M.  Goodwin, 
M.  D.;  A.  C.  Barlow,'M.D.;  Bussel  C.  Calkins, 
M.  D  ;  Myron  H.  Parmclee,  M.  D.;  S.  S.  Parker, 
M.  D.;  Albert  Claypool,  M.  D.,  and  Herbert 
Chase,  M.  D.  Thus  the  list  lengthened,  until 
in  this  j'car  of  grace,  1887,  there  are  some  14 
Pliysicians  engaged  in  the  practice  of  "Similia." 

Dr.  House,  of  Tecumseli,  Michigan,  tarried 
here  awhile  just  previous  to  bis  fortunate  re- 
moval to  the  present  scene  of  his  labors  and 
honors. 

E.  P.  Gaylord,  M.  D.,  nowof  Detroit,  was  for 
a  time  associated  with  Dr.  Biaelow. 

Dr.  H.  W.  Hartwell  and  his  accomplished 
wife,  Dr.  Emma  Hartwell,  Joined  us  a  few  years 
ago 

Dr.  Zubenden  is  also  a  new-comer,  working 
hard  in  the  general  field. 

Dr.  R.  D.  Tipple,  the  Eye  and  Ear  Special- 
ist, located  here  in  1883,  and  has  deservedly 
won  a  large  patronage. 

Dr.  F.  P.  Taylor,  a  bright  young  Physician, 
settled  here  about  three  years  ago,  and  the  fu- 
ture seemed  full  of  promise  to  his  eager  gaze. 
He  purchased  a  home  on  the  corner  of  Mul- 
berry and  Huron  Streets,  and  made  a  fortunate 
busine.ss  arrangement  witli  a  Physician  of  Au- 
burndale.  A  seemingly  slight  sickness  confined 
him  to  his  house  for  a  few  days,  when  the  rup- 
ture of  a  large  blood-vessel  drained  his  life 
away  in  a  few  hours. 

There  have  been  many  professional  birds  of 
passage  who  have  visited  here  to-day  and  away 
to-morrow — gone  so  quicklj'  that  their  names 
have  left  no  trace  on  naemory. 


SAMUEL  S.  LUNGREN,  M.  D.,  was  born 
in  York  County,  Pennsylvania,  August  22, 
1827,  and  is  of  Swedish  origin.  His  ancestors 
settled  in  America  prior  to  the  Revolution. 
His  grandfather,  a  native  of  Sweden,  estab- 
lished the  first  paper  mill  upon  Chester  Creek, 
at  a  point  below  the  City  of  Philadelphia.     The 


558 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


early  life  of  young  Lungren  was  spent  in  the 
vicinity  of  and  within  the  Quaker  City,  where 
he  received  his  elementary  education.  When 
16  years  of  age,  he  entered  the  Drug  Store  of 
French  &  Kiciiards,  in  Philadelphia,  on  the 
corner  of  Tenth  and  Market  Streets,  and  re- 
mained there  until  he  had  almost  attained  his 
majority.  While  thus  employed,  he  had  charge 
of  the  retail  department  of  the  establishment. 
His  leisure  hours  he  devoted  to  the  study  of 
medicine,  and  to  the  acquiring  of  Latin  and 
French  in  the  Night-Schools  of  the  City.  His 
progress  in  his  studies,  even  under  adverse 
circumstances,  was  rapid,  and  in  October,  1848, 
he  became  qualified  to  enter  the  Jefferson  Med- 
ical College  as  a  student,  from  which  he  was 
graduated  in  March,  1850.  He  soon  after  be- 
gan the  practice  of  his  profession  at  Hagers- 
town,  Maryland,  where  he  remained  for  the 
ensuing  ton  years.  After  mature  study  and 
reflection,  he  became  a  convert  to  the  system 
of  Hahnemann,  and  attended  a  course  of  lec- 
tures at  the  Homoeopathic  Medical  College  of 
Philadelphia,  where  he  was  graduated  in  March, 
1852.  After  graduation  he  continued  to  prac- 
tice after  the  tenets  of  the  new  system  in 
Hagerstown,  until  November,  1860,  when,  de- 
siring a  more  extended  field  of  action,  he  re- 
moved to  Toledo,  where  he  has  since  continued 
to  reside,  constantly  and  assiduously  engaged 
in  his  professional  labors,  and  where,  by  years 
of  able  service,  he  has  won  the  confidence  and 
respect  of  a  community  who  justly  recognize 
in  him  a  skillful  and  able  practitioner.  As  a 
Physician  and  Surgeon,  he  is  confessedly  one 
of  the  leading  members  of  his  profession  in  the 
City  and  the  State.  He  has  performed  various 
surgical  operations  which  have  been  cited  as 
most  remarkable  cases  of  the  kind  in  Ohio  and 
the  Northwest.  He  devotes  himself  more  par- 
ticularly to  Uterine  Surgerj',  and  in  this  branch 
of  medical  science  has  often,  under  circumstan- 
ces of  peculiar  and  perilous  delicacy,  attained 
to  notable  success.  Removed  February  7, 1884, 
a  solid  uterine  tumor,  weighing  60  jDounds  and 
three  ounces,  the  largest  of  the  kind,  with  one 
exception,  ever  recorded  removed  from  a  liv- 
ing woman.  His  remarkably  successful 
cases  of  "Cesarean  Section,"  first  performed 
May  8,  1875,  was  crowned  with  the  happiest 
results,  both  mother  and  child  being  saved. 
The  same  operation  has  since  been  jierformed 
(May  22,  1880)  on  the  same  patient  with  equal 
success,  and  she,  with  her  two  children,  repre- 
sent the  only  living  Cesarean  trio  in  the  world 
at  this  time.  The  result  in  each  operation  was 
due  in  a  great  measure  to  his  use  of  silver  wire 
sutures  in  closing  the  uterine  wound.  A  case 
of  "  Cesarean  Section  "  was  for  the  third  time 
successfully  performed  by  Dr.  Lungren  April 
19,  1885,  saving  the  woman,  who  is  now  alive ; 
the  child  had  been  dead  two  days  before  he  saw 
the  case;  the  whole  constituting  a  record  in 
this  delicate  and  diflScult  branch  of  surgery  un- 


equaled  by  any  member  of  his  profession, 
having  performed  one-fourth  of  all  the  cases 
in  Ohio,  saving  three  of  the  eight  women 
who  have  been  saved  in  the  State  by  such 
means.  Dr.  Lungren  is  a  member  of  the  State 
Homoeopathic  Medical  Society,  of  which  he  has 
been  the  President,  and  a  member  of  the 
American  Institute  of  Homreopathy  for  18 
years,  contributing  at  each  session  some  paper 
upon  medical  or  surgical  subjects.  He  is  also 
a  contributor  to  several  medical  journals,  and 
in  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  advancement 
of  Medical  Science  he  is  a  zealous  and  efficient 
co-laborer. 

"WILLIAM  THOMAS  ROWSEY,  one  of  the 
prominent  Physicians  of  Toledo,  is  a  son  of 
Charles  Allen  and  Mary  (Tranor)  Eowsey,  and 
was  born  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  August  29,  1888. 
His  father,  a  Carpenter  by  trade,  was  born  in 
the  State  of  Virginia,  and  is  a  descendant  of 
the  French  Huguenots  who  settled  in  South 
Carolina  about  the  middle  of  the  sixteenth 
century,  or  immediately  after  the  revocation 
of  the  Edict  of  Nantes.  His  mother  was  born 
in  L-eland.  Both  of  his  parents  are  alive  and 
reside  in  Toledo.  The  boyhood  days  of  Dr. 
Eowsey  were  passed  in  the  City  of  his  birth. 
Until  his  14th  year  he  attended  the  Eighth 
Ward  School,  presided  over  by  Father  Wood, 
afterward  the  celebrated  Archbishop  of  Phila- 
delphia. In  1852,  with  his  parents,  he  removed 
to  Toledo.  Soon  after  he  became  a  student  in 
the  University  of  Notre  Dame,  at  South  Bend, 
Indiana.  Here  for  four  years  he  pursued  a 
classical  course  of  instruction.  For  two  years 
following  he  pursued  a  Collegiate  course  at 
Mount  St.  Mary's  College,  Cincinnati,  at  the 
expiration  of  which  period  be  returned  to 
Toledo.  In  deference  to  the  wishes  of  his 
father,  he  entered  the  law  office  of  William 
Baker,  Esq.,  of  Toledo.  After  a  few  mouths' 
study,  he  relinquished  the  idea  of  becoming  a 
member  of  a  profession  for  which  he  had  no 
taste  or  inclination.  In  conformity  to  a  desire 
long  entertained,  he  began  the  study  of  medi- 
cine in  the  office  of  Dr.  A.  F.  Bissell,  of  Toledo. 
He  also  received  a  course  of  instruction  at  the 
Hahnemann  Medical  College,  at  Philadelphia, 
and  the  Honiojopathic  Medical  College  of  Cleve- 
land. At  the  latter  institution  he  was  gradu- 
ated in  March,  1862.  He  began  the  practice  of 
his  profession  with  a  fellow-student  at  Logans 
j)ort,  Indiana,  continuing  there  with  fair  suc- 
cess three  years.  He  then  returned  to  Toledo, 
where  he  has  remained  ever  since.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Ohio  State  Homojopathic  Med- 
ical Society,  and  a  frequent  contributor  to 
different  Medical  journals.  Hie  professional 
skill  has  placed  him  in  the  front  rank  of 
practitioners  in  Toledo,  and  at  the  present  time 
his  practice  is  very  extensive.  Thoroughly 
devoted  to  his  profession,  the  practical  duties 
of  which  make  him  one  of  the  hardest  workers 


W'^if 


UfM^'a^    J^^-^7,.^.^ 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


559 


in  Tolodo,  he  has  had  little  time  to  enga£re  in 
enterprises  outside  of  his  sjiecial  calling.  He 
was  married  June  9,  18(39,  to  Henrietta  F. 
Folsoni,  a  ladj-  of  unusual  intelligence  and  re- 
finement. Three  children  have  been  the  result 
of  this  union — two  girls  and  one  boy.  To  his 
attainnientsas  a  skilled  Phj-sician  are  added  the 
graces  of  a  pleasant,  affable   gentleman.     He 


possesses  in  an  eminent  degree  those  qualities 
of  heart  and  mind  so  esential  to  the  highest 
degree  of  success  in  anv  walk  of  life.  Hetiring 
in  disposition,  he  shrinks  from  publicity,  and 
finds  his  greatest  pleasure  in  the  domestic 
circle,  where  his  social,  genial  i|ualities  make 
him  esteemed  and  beloved. 


DEUGS    AND    MEDICINES. 


As  in  the  case  of  Books  and  Stationeiy 
and  most  other  branches  of  trade,  I)rugs 
and  Medicines  in  Toledo  constituted  parts 
of  the  comprehensive  stocks  of  pioneer 
Stores;  and  grew  to  the  proportions  of  special 
traffic,  with  the  enlarged  demand  of  a  grow- 
ing communitj'.  Thus,  the  first  record  in 
that  connection  is  found  in  the  advertisement 
of  A.  Palmer  &  Co.,  in  the  Toledo  Gazette  of 
March  12, 1835,  where,  in  connection  with  Dry 
Goods,  Groceries,  Hai'dware,  Glassware,  Stone- 
ware, Flints,  Percussion  Caps,  "Window  Glass, 
Cow  and  Ox  Bells,  Carpenters'  Tools,  "  Dipt 
Caudles,"  &c.,  kc  ,  were  offered  "Patent  Medi- 
cines, &c."  It  was  not  until  1837,  that  this 
branch  of  ti-ade  attained  the  dignity  of  separate 
recognition  in  the  advertisements  of  Marshall 
&  Way,  Scovill  &  Southard,  and  J.  W,  Gilbert 
&  Co.,  as  "Druggists,"  the  latter  dealing  in 
"Botanical  Medicines."  Others  still  sold  Medi- 
cines in  connection  with  other  goods. 

lu  1838  Dr.  Charles  McLean,  a  practicing 
Phj'sician,  appeared  as  Druggist,  with  Thomas 
Daniels  as  Clerk.  Luke  Draper  had  then 
succeeded  Hoisington  &  Manning,  It  is  safe 
to  say,  that  the  residents,  before  or  since,  never, 
per  capita,  furnished  for  dealers  in  Medical 
supplies  as  much  trade  as  during  that  year, 
particulars  of  which  are  given  elsewhere. 
The  leading  articles  in  demand  were  calomel, 
jalap,  quinine,  Peruvian  bark,  epsom  salts. 
Castor  and  Harlem  oils,  with  Lee's  Brandreth's 
and  Gregory's  pills.  In  1839,  Osgood's  India 
Cholagogue  was  added  to  the  list  of  "  Patent" 
preparations.  It  originated  with  Charles 
Osgood,  then  of  Monroe,  Michigan,  who  came  to 
Toledo,  to  confer  with  Titus  &  Co.,  Merchants, 
in  regard  to  the  introduction  of  the  article.  The 
price  was  a  leading  point  for  settlement — 
whether  it  should  be  50  cents,  SI. 00  or  SI. 50. 
Finally,  it  was  settled  at  the  latter  sum,  as  it 
still  remains.  The  article  was  first  manufac- 
tured at  Monroe,  and  subsequently,  as  now,  at 
Norwich,  Connecticut. 

Dr.  McLean  sold  out  to  J.  J.  Fullerton,  Sec- 
retary of  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Eailroad 
Banking  Company. 

A.  Ealston  &  Co.  and  Dr.  Geo.  E.  Perkins  soon 
appeared.  Thomas  Daniels  was  clerk  for  both 
these,  as  Charles  West  was  for  the  former.  In 
May,  1846,   Mr.  Daniels,    as  successor   of  Dr. 


Perkins,  commenced  the  trade,  which  he  has 
now  followed  in  Toledo  without  interruption, 
for  the  period  of  42  years,  it  being  5(1  years 
since  he  became  a  Druggist's  Clerk.  The  fii-m 
of  A.  Ealston  &  Co.  was  succeeded  hj  S.  Lind- 
sley  &  Co,,  and  thatbj-  Charles  West  as  Whole- 
sale and  Eetail  dealer.  About  18G0,  the  firm 
of  West  &  Truaxtook  the  Wholesale,  and  West 
ct  Vanstone  (since  Vanstone  &  Crosbj')  the 
Eetail  trade  of  this  house.  In  November, 
1851,  J.  M.  Ashley  ct  Co.  (succeeding  Z.  C. 
Stocking)  commenced  the  wholesale  and  retail 
trade,  continuing  until  1859,  when  they  were 
succeeded  by  Dooley  Brothers  (Albert  G.  and 
Edwin). 

Among  the  succeeding  Druggists  wei-e 
D.  H.  Miner  &  Co.,  C.  E.  Winans,  Henry 
Wittstein,  Peck  &  Eoss,  and  J.  B.  &  C.  A. 
Trembley,  in  18(50  ;  and  A.  W.  Bailey,  John  B. 
Fella,  G.  Fenneberg,  C.  E.  Heath,  Wm.  Henzler, 
C.  Hohly  &  Co.,  W.  E.  Lawton.  Jacob  Mery, 
L.  E.  Mulford,  J.  L.  Eoller,  M.  Schnetzler,  F. 
Schroeder,  Lewis  Brothers  (East  Toledo),  and 
G.  W.  Warren,  in  1870.  The  following  named 
Druggists  were  in  trade  in  Toledo  in  1887 : 

Wholesale— W est  &  Truax,  and  Walding,  Kinnan  & 
Marvin. 

Retail — Will.  J.  Bach,  George  Bailey,  Wm.  Bart- 
lett,  IBowertt  Friedrichs,  ,Adam  Burtrer,  Carpenter  & 
Funk,  H.  C.  Christv,  Clemens  &  Hill,  Cook  Bros., 
W.  W.  Cullison  &'  Co.,  E.  C.  Danforth,  Thomas 
Daniels,  J.  B.  Fella.  Gustavus  Fenneberg,  Anton 
Gates,  Joseph  Gates,  John  Goldbach,  Robert  Gysel, 
R.  E.  Hamlin  &  Co.,  David  Harpster,  Andrew 
Heitzman,  Win.  Henzler,  C.  Hohlj'  &  Co.,  Pauline 
Hohly,  C.  E.  Holmes.  T.  Benton  Huston,  G.  A. 
Kirchinaier,  Wm.  Kirchiuaier  &  Son.,  J.  W.  Lillv,  J. 
M.  McCann,  McMulleu&  Moore,  A.  D.  Matthews,  J. 
F.  Merv,  Wm.  H.  Moore.  Henrv  Moran,  G.  C.  Mil; 
I.  N.  Reed,  J.  L.  Roller,  M.  B. 'Schaefer,  Schindler 
Bros.,  Jcseph  Scholl  v<c  Bro.,  C.  E.  Spayd,  H.  W. 
Spayd,  R.  C.  Spohn,  A.  J.  Sprague,  Otto  Stcinbruck 
&  Co.,  John  Thompson,  Vanstone  tt  Crosby,  Joseph 
Wernert,  W.  K.  West,  Dennis  AVeyburue,  L.  A. 
Young. 


ISAAC  N.  REED  was  born  November  24, 
1846,  in  Springfield  Township,  Lucas  County, 
13  miles  West  of  the  City  of  Toledo.  His  an- 
cestors on  his  mother's  side  were  of  old  Puritan 
stock,  and  among  the  very  earlj-  settlers  in 
New  Hampshire.  They  took  an  active  part  in 
both  the  wars  that  established  and  maintained 


5.)!)a 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  ASD  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


tlie  freedom  of  this  country,  and  without  ex- 
ception, were  known  for  their  loyalty  and 
staunch  Republican  principles.  Hifs  grand- 
jiarcnts  on  his  mother's  side,  settled  in  this 
t'ounty  on  the  Mauniee  Eiver  in  1831,  and 
died  in  1870  ami  1871,  at  the  aire  of  nearly  100 
years.  His  father's  |)eople  were  of  Seotcii  de- 
scent, and  canie  from  Massachusetts  to  what 
then  was  the  ViNage  of  Syracuse,  New  York, 
in  lS2(i,an<i  there  died,  leaving  a  son  Hiram  J. 
(father  of  Isaac  N.  i,  who  came  to  the  Mauniee 
Yalie}-  in  1836,  when  10  years  of  age.  He 
now  resides  near  Riga,  Lenawee  Countj-, 
Michigan.  Isaac  N.  is  the  fourth  child  and  third 
son  of  a  lamily  of  six.  His  mother  died  when 
he  was  9  years  ot  age,  causing  a  division  of  the 
family.  He  was  placed  with  his  grand-parents 
(David  and  Anna  Preston),  with  whom  he  re- 
mained but  a  short  time,  when  he  «as  bound 
out  to  one  Henry  Cable,  to  learn  the  art 
and  myster\  of  agriculture.  During  the 
three  years  following,  he  suffered  severe 
want  in  consequence  of  the  extreme  pov- 
erty of  the  family  with  whom  he  was. 
Hard  work  was  a  necessity,  and  he  now  points 
with  pride  to  the  acres  he  cleared  :ind  fenced 
ready  for  the  plow  before  he  was  13  j-ears  of 
age.  With  poverty  and  want  jn-essing  on  all 
sides,  the  future  presented  anything  but  a 
pleasant  outlook.  He  asked  of  his  father  and 
his  employer,  that  the  contract  be  annulled, 
promising  that  he  would  not  become  a  burden 
on  the  hands  of  either.  This  petition  having 
been  granted,  employment  was  obtained  as 
"  section-hand  "on  the  "  Air  Line  Division  "  of 
the  Mieliigan  Southern  and  Northern  Indiana 
Eailroad.  when  he  at  once  became  a  self-sup- 
porting member  of  the  community.  L^p  to  this 
time,  he  had  not  received  even  the  rudimentary 
elements  of  an  education.  He  could  neither 
read  nor  write.  At  the  age  of  15  his  scliooling 
began;  he  working  during  the  summer  and 
going  to  School  wintt*\'s.  His  progress  was 
rapid  ;  and  at  18  he  entered  Baldwin  Univer- 
sity, at  Berea,  Ohio,  where  he  received  his  first 
lessons  in  the  profession  that  subsequently  be  - 
came  his  life-work.  Two  years  after  his 
entrance  at  Baldwin  University,  he  returned 
to  Monelova  Township  to  teach  School  iu  the 
old  School-house,  where  five  years  previous  ho 
had  learned  to  read  and  write.  As  a  Teacher, 
his  success  was  beyond  the  most  sanguine  ex- 
pectations of  the  School  Directors;  but  at  the 
close  of  his  term,  his  health  was  so  far  im- 
paired as  to  compel  him  to  seek  employment 
in  the  open  air.  He  then  went  to  Columbus, 
Wisconsin,  and  entered  the  employ  of  the 
Milwaukee  and  St.  Paul  Eailroad  Company,  as 
foreman  of  a  gangof  trackmen,  in  which  service 
he  continued  until  November,  1868,  when  he 
started  for  Wyoming  Territory  on  the  line  of 
the  then  uncompleted  Union  Pacific  Eailroad. 
Here  Mr.  Eeed  again  engaged  in  the  Eailroad 
service  and  continued  in  it  until  the  road  was 


completed,  participating  in  the  historical  cere- 
mony of  driving  the  last  sjiike  connecting  the 
Union  and  the  Central  Pacific  Eailroads.  In 
1871,  Mr.  Eeed  severed  his  connection  with  the 
Eailroad  in  the  West.  His  career  had  been 
eminentlj-  successful,  and  with  wife  and  young 
son  he  left  the  road  with  letters  of  high' mark 
from  his  superior  officers  and  returned  to  North- 
western Ohio,  the  home  of  his  childhood,  engag- 
ing soon  after  in  the  hard  ware  business  at  Delta. 
That  trade  was  not  in  hariUDnv  with  his  tastes. 
The  impressions  created  at  Baldwin  University 
still  continued.  He  then  moved  to  Toledo  to  en- 
gage in  the  Drug  trade,  purchasing  the  interest 
of  M.  W.  Plain  iu  the  Wholesale  Drug  firm  of 
Plain,  Willianis&  Co.  The  firm  was  reorganized 
under  the  name  of  Reed,  Williams  &  Co.,  and 
did  an  extensive  business  for  about  three  years, 
when  an  o|jportunit\-  was  presented  for  him  to 
purchase  the  Retail  Drug  Store  he  at  pi-esent 
manages,  at  the  corner  of  Summit  and  Madison 
Streets.  This  change  was  accomplished  in  the 
Autumn  of  1876,  !Mi-.  Reed  then  withdrawing 
from  the  Wholesale  trade.  During  the  12  j-ears 
he  has  conducted  his  present  business,  his 
success  has  been  such  that  he  has  made  himself 
widely  known  among  the  Pharmacists  of  the 
country.  He  has  always  been  a  zealous  and 
active  worker  in  the  cause  of  Pharmacy  and  its 
elevation  as  a  profession.  In  1881  he  was 
elected  to  the  Presidency  of  the  Ohio  State 
Pharmaceutical  Association,  and  served  with 
honor  to  the  Association  and  credit  to  himself, 
infusing  into  it  a  life  and  vigor  it  had  not 
always  enjoyed.  In  an  address,  delivered  before 
the  Eetail  Druggists'  Convention  at  Zanesville, 
in  1882,  he  fearlessly  assailed  the  then  existing 
laws  regulating  the  practice  of  Pharmacy  in 
this  St:ite,  pointing  out  the  great  injustice  done 
by  it  to  the  vast  armj-  of  intelligent  men  en- 
gaged in  the  business,  as  the  law  applied  only 
to  the  City  of  Cincinnati,  and  was  in  the 
especial  interest  of  her  College  of  Pharmacy. 
That  this  defect  might  the  more  surelj-  be  reme- 
died, Mr.  Eeed  was  apjjointed  as  one  of  the 
Committee  on  Pharmacy  Law,  which,  in  1884, 
succeeded  iu  having  enacted  b}'  the  State  Leg- 
i.slature  what  is  known  as  the  "  Eeed  Pharmacy 
Act,"  which,  as  a  law  for  controlling  and 
directing  the  practice  of  Pharmacy,  has  no 
superior  in  the  L^nited  States.  He  also  vigor- 
ously opposed  re-establishing  the  duty  on  qui- 
nine, which  was  then  being  undertaken  by  the 
large  manufacturers  of  the  United  States,  and 
the  repeal  of  the  Patent  Medicine  stamp  tax, 
both  of  which  positions  have  long  since  been 
recognized  as  correct  by  his  then  most  active 
opposers.  He  was  also  an  active  supporter  and 
urged  the  passage  of  the  then  pending  '•  Pond 
Liquor  Law"  and  its  strict  observance  by  his 
brother  Druggists,  claiming  that  the  high 
calling  of  their  profession  forbade  them  the 
right,  under  any  circumstances,  of  converting 
their  Pharmacies  into  incubators  of  drunkards. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION. 


5596 


and  that  the  sale  of  liquor  by  thorn  should 
be  limited  to  jjvescriptions  of  practicing  Phy- 
sicians. He  was  also,  in  1881,  elected  a  mem- 
ber otthe  American  Piiarm.iceutical  Association 
and  of  the  National  Eetail  Drug  Association, 
and  was  one  of  the  five  Wholesale  Druggists 
who  met  at  the  Boody  House  in  Toledo  in  1875, 
and  organized  the  Western  Wholesale  Drug 
Association,  from  which  sprang  the  National 
Wholesale  Drug  Association.  At  their  annual 
meeting  in  Boston,  August  22,  1887,  their  mem- 
bership  numbered  over   40(1  staunch  business 


proprietors,  who  are  now  reaping  the  advau- 
tages  pointed  out  at  this  first  small,  but  signifi- 
cant meeting.  Mr.  Keod  was  married  with 
Miss  Agnes  Kellj',  of  Oconomowoc.  at  Water- 
town,  Wisconsin,  November  Id,  18(>8.  The\- 
have  had  five  children  :  Oliver  Clayton,  born 
at  Wasatch,  Utah,  August  28,  18(i9;  Arden 
Boyington,  born  at  Delta,  Ohio,  May  13,  1873, 
and  died  at  Toledo,  November  3,  1874;  Hazel 
Marion,  born  at  Toledo,  November  29,  1884, 
and  Edna  and  Mabel,  born  at  Toledo.  Novem- 
ber 10.  188(i. 


DENTISTRY. 


The  first  practical  Dentist  in  Toledo  is  un- 
dei'Stood  to  have  been  Dr.  J.  N.  Cassells,  who 
seems  to  have  come  here  in  August,  1840. 
He  had  an  office  at  both  the  Toledo  and  the 
American  House.  Iii  his  announcement,  he 
stated  that 

His  mode  of  plugging  teeth  with  metallic  paste, 
which  enters  the  teeth  in  a  soft, putty-like  form, with- 
out irritation  or  pain,  and  becomes  perfectly  solid  in 
tlie  short  space  of  '2-i  to  4,s  hours,  is  universally  ac- 
knowledged to  surpass  anything  ever  before  used  for 
that  purpose. 

Dr,  Cassell's  charges  were  :  Pivot  teeth  in- 
serted, each,  85.00  ;  teetii  inserted  on  gold  plate, 
each.  S8.00  ;  cavities  tilled,  each,  50c.;  teetii  ex- 
tracted, each,  SI. 00;  teeth  cleaned,  SI. 00 

In  November,  1840,  "Dr.  A.  Chandler,  Sur- 
gical and'Meclianical  Dentist,"  announced  his 
arrival  in  Toledo  from  Binghaniton  New 
York,  and  his  readiness  to  serve  the  citizens  in 
his  profession.  He  advertised  "incorruptible 
teeth  of  the  most  beautiful  varieties,  set  in  nat- 
ural roots,  from  a  single  tooth  to  any  required 
number."  His  teeth  were  designed  for  "sup- 
plying deficiencies  in  the  upper  and  under 
jaws,"  and  "  served  the  purposes  of  articula- 
tion, mastication,  as  well  as  the  purpose  of  or- 
nament and  comfort."  "Teeth  cleansed  of  tar- 
tar or  salivary  calculus,  and  directions  given  to 
prevent  its  further  accumulation."  The  Doctor 
called  special  attention  to  his  "  Odontolgic 
Drops,  as  ])repared  by  hiinself "  for  the  pur- 
pose of  curing  nervous  toothache.  "By  a  few 
applications  of  these  drops  in  the  cavity  of  a 
tooth,  the  nerve  would  become  perfectlj'  par- 
alized  and  insensible,  thus  giving  immediate 
relief  to  the  most  desperate  case  of  toothache." 
His  office  was  at  tlie  American  Hotel. 

Other  practitioners,  from  time  to  time,  made 
temporary  visits  to  Toledo. 

The  first  Dentist  of  permanent  residence 
here,  was  Dr.  John  Estile,  who  came  in  1850, 
and  for  a  period  of  nearly  20  years,  followed 
his  profession.     He  died  about  1870. 

Dr.  Chester  H.  Harroun  is  now  the  oldest 
dental  practitioner  in    Toledo,   having  opened 


an  office  here  in  1853,  and  yet  follows  his  pro- 
fession. His  father  (David  Harroun)  and  fkm- 
ily  came  to  Sylvania  in  1835,  where  he  died 
several  years  since.  Mrs.  Harroun  still  sur- 
vives him.  David  A.,  son  of  Dr.  Harroun,  is 
associated  with  him  in  jiractice. 

Dr.  Eobert  L.  Evans  came  in  1857,  when  he 
became  the  partner  of  Dr.  Harroun,  which  ar- 
rangement continued  until  1864,  since  which 
time  he  has  continued  practice  alone. 

Prominent  among  the  Denti.sts  of  Toledo  was 
Dr.  Julius  Chesebrough,  who  came  in  18Gl,and 
continued  in  successful  practice  for  about  12 
years,  when  he  died.  Mrs.  Chesebrough  still 
survives. 

Dr.  John  Eowsey,  sou  of  Captain  C.  A.  Row- 
sey,  and  brother  of  Dr.  W.  T.  Eowsey,  studied 
with  Dr.  Estile  and  commenced  practice  about 
1864,  which  he  continued  until  his  death,  in 
1886. 

Dr.  H.  M.  Edi-son  came  to  Toledo  in  1869,  and 
soon  formed  a  partnership  with  Dr.  Evans, 
which  continued  until  1874.  He  is  yet  in  prac- 
tice here. 

Dr.  S.  C.  Taylor  came  in  1872,  entering  upon 
a  practice  which  yet  continues. 

In  1874,  Dr.  E.  D.  Scheble  opened  an  office 
in  Toledo  and  yet  continues  here. 

Dr.  J.  J.  Barber  came  to  Toledo  in  1878,  and 
located  his  offices  at  145  Summit  Street.  In 
1885  he  formed  a  partnership  with  Dr.  A.  T. 
Kline,  of  Nashville,  Tenn.  They  make  a  spec- 
ialty of  bridge  and  crown  work  and  of  filling 
teeth  with  vitrified  jDorcelain. 

From  time  to  time,  the  list  of  Dentists  has 
been  increased,  until  in  addition  to  those  al- 
readj-  referred  to,  the  following  named  practi- 
tioners are  in  the  city  : 


L.  L.  Barber. 
H.  A.  Black. 
M.  F.  DeLano. 
A.  H.  Fleming. 
L.  C.  Fleming. 
David  A.  Harroun. 
Edward  Hetfron. 
H.  C.  Kuebler. 
A.  H.  Little. 


A.  B.  Mason. 
J.  A.  Miller. 
C.  W.  Munson. 
L.  W.  Nevius. 
M.  S.  Page. 
F.  A.  Root. 
C.  A.  Sipe. 
J.  A.  ytipp. 


CHAPTER    II. 


HOSPITALS. — ASYLUMS. — CEMETERIES. — GRAVE    ROBBING. 


»ST.  VINCENT  HOSPITAL. 

THIS  iiifetitntion  was  established  in  October, 
1855,  by  the  Eev.  A.  Campion,  Pastor  of  St. 
Francis  de  Sales  Church,  Toledo.  It  is  under 
the  dii-eet  jurisdiction  of  the  Grey  Nuns  General 
Hospital  of  Montreal,  an  institution  established 
as  a  permanent  Asylum  for  the  homeless  poor  of 
every  class,  sex  and  age.  The  parent  Hospi- 
tal was  founded  in  1738,  by  Madam  D'Youville, 
who  with  her  devoted  companions  extended 
aid  to  the  suffering,  irrespective  of  creed  or 
nationality. 

In  1853,  Eight  Rev.  Amadeus  Eappe,  ac- 
companied by  Mr.  H.  L.  P.  Macheu,  went  to 
Montreal  to  procure  Sisters  of  Charity  for  care 
of  orphan  boj's  in  Cleveland.  As  that  City 
had  already  the  advantage  of  having  the 
Ladies  of  the  Sacred  Heart,  it  was  thought 
best  to  defer  the  matter  for  two  years.  In 
1855 — the  two  years  having  expired — Eev.  A. 
Campion  went  to  Montreal  to  claim  for  Toledo 
the  Sisters  promised  Cleveland.  The  in- 
ducements he  offered  were  fiir  from  attractive. 
He  drew  a  grapliic  picture  of  the  dreary 
locality ;  the  prevalence  of  malarial  disease, 
resulting  from  stagnant  pools  and  swamps 
found  everywhere  in  the  then  unhealthy  City, 
giving  it  the  name  of  "  Grave  of  the  United 
States." 

On  October  24,  1855,  Sister  H.  Blondin,  as 
local  Superioress,  with  Sisters  Brady,  Hickey 
and  Monarque,  with  a  young  girl,  Eliza 
Holmes,  started  for  Toledo,  arriving  at  that 
place  on  the  27th.  They  were  met  by  the 
Ursuline  Sisters,  who  had'been  in  Toledo  about 
a  year,  and  remained  with  them  nearly  two 
weeks,  when  they  removed  to  a  two-story 
frame  building  on  Superior  Street  near  Cherry. 
Here,  by  earnest  solicitation  of  alms  from  the 
citizens  and  donations  by  the  charitable,  thev 
were  able  to  continue  their  benovolent  work. 
Being  compelled  to  seek  another  house,  in 
May,  185(5,  the  Asylum  was  movied  to  a  build- 
ing offered  by  Mr.  Frederick  ^Y.  Bakewell  on 
Erie  Street,  which  was  so  poorly  constructed 
that  it  could  not  be  made  comfortable,  and  other 
([Uarters  became  necessary.  In  March,  1857, 
two  acres  of  ground  was  purchased  from  Mr! 
D.  B.  Scott  on  Cherry  Street  at  §1,000  per  acre 
on  time.  Subscriptions  toward  a  building 
were   immediately  solicited,  and  enoua;h 


fund 


money  secured   by  July  to  warrant  the  com- 
»By  William  C.  Chapman,  M.  D. 


[560] 


mencement  of  the  building.  Delays  were 
frequent,  by  reason  of  lack  of  funds",  but  by 
borrowing,  sufficient  money  was  obtained  and 
by  the  12th  of  Auguist,  1858,  everything  was  so 
far  completed  as  to  allow  of  occupancy.  This 
building  WHS  of  brick,  40x50  feet  aiid  three 
stories  high.  The  Orphan  Asylum  building 
thus  completed  was  intended  for  both  Asylum 
and  Hospital.  At  the  solicitation  of  Mr.  Dennis 
Coghlin  and  Dr.  S.  F.  Forbes,  sailors  were  per- 
mitted to  enter  for  treatment,  the  first  patients 
being  four  sailors  who  were  injured  by  falling 
into  the  hold  of  a  vessel,  who  were  received  on 
the  21st  of  August,  1858.  From  that  event  is 
dated  the  commencement  of  the  Hospital. 
The  building  was  soon  overcrowded,  and  a 
small  frame  house  was  constructed  for  inmates 
separate  from  the  main  one.  -This  building 
was  consumed  by  fire  in  ISGO,  with  three  in- 
mates— two  orphans  and  a  woman.  Subscrip- 
tions were  immediately  taken  for  relief.  Prot- 
estants as  well  as  Eoman  Catholics  subscribed 
largely.  The  City  was  divided  into  districts  ; 
Dennis  Coghlin,  Peter  Lenk,  Frank  J.  Scott 
and  Valentine  Wall  circulated  subscription 
papers.  Large  amounts  were  also  received 
from  St.  Louis  and  Montreal,  and  as  a  result 
the  center  building  of  the  Orphan  Asylum  was 
completed  by  the  fall  of  1861.  This  was  di- 
vided into  two  large  hospital  wards,  and  a  few 
for  private  patients,  together  with  rooms  for  the 
use  of  the  8istei-s. 

In  1863,  adjoining  land  owned  by  Mr.  E.  P. 
Bassett,  was  offered  for  sale,  and  the  Sisters 
were  able  to  purchase  8g  acres  at  8700  per  acre; 
and  in  1866,  another  1^  acres  were  purchased 
from  Dr.  W.  W.  jrones,'at  81,000  per  acre.  The 
whole  tract  now  owned  is  12  acres,  upon  wiiich 
the  new  Hospital  has  been  built. 

In  March,  1875,  the  building  of  the  present 
St.  Vincent's  wiisbegiin  and  completed  in  July 
of  the  next  year,  at  a  cost  of  over  .863,000; 
of  this  sum  there  is  still  unpaid  $56,000, 
upon  wiucli  the  Sisters  pay  interest.  It 
is  a  brick  building,  three  stories  high  above 
the  basement,  comprising  a  center  120x68  feet, 
with  wings  extending  on  either  side  46x50  feet, 
with  commodious  porticoes.  The  center  or 
main  building  comprises  the  wards,  chapel, 
parlors,  communit}'  rooms,  apothecary's  room 
and  oflSce.  A  central  corridor  divides  the 
wards.  The  wards  on  the  first  floor  are  appro- 
priated to  resident  old  and  infirm  men,  and  the 
help.     Those  on  the  second  floor  are  occupied 


HOSPITALS.— ASYLUMS.— CEMETERIES. 


661 


by  the  male  patients,  the  marine  patients  on 
one  side  and  the  general  patients  on  the  other. 
The  wards  on  the  third  floor  are  occupied  by 
female  patients  on  one  side,  and  resident  old 
and  infirm  women  on  the  other.  The  wings 
are  divided  into  thirty  rooms,  occupied 
by  private  patients  and  boarders.  They  are 
entirely  separated  from  the  main  building, 
with  which  the}'  communicate  onl}'  bj'  the 
outside  galleries.  The  apartments  of  the  North 
wing  are  fitted  up  in  stj'le  of  comfort  and 
elegance.  The  Soutii  wing  is  intended  for 
resident  boarders.  The  treatment  of  the  sick  is 
provided  for  bj'  the  formation  of  a  medical  staff 
composed  of  distinguished  physicans  and 
surgeons  of  the  City. 

The  following  named  physicians  form  the 
medical  staff  of  this  hospital : 

Surgeon  in  Chief — John  W.  Bond. 

Consulting  Surgeons — W.  W.  .Tones,  S.  F.  Forbes, 
James  Coldham,  S.  W.  Skinner,  J.  T.  Woods. 

Consulting  Physicians  — ■S.  H.  Bergen,  W.  T. 
Bidenour,  G.  Fenneberg,  H.  M.  Scbnetzler,  C.  H. 
Reed. 

Attending  Surgeons — G.  A.  Collamore.  A.  W. 
Fisher,  W.  Cherry,  S.  S.  Thorn,  G.  W.  Bowen,  J.  H. 
Curry. 

Attending  Physicians— C.  A.  Kirlvley,  J.  M.  Wad- 
dick,  H.  A.  Root,  W.  C.  Chapman,  M.  Jungbluth, 
J.  T.  Lawless. 

H.  M.  Sclmetzler,  President  of  Staff. 

C.  A.  Kirkley,  Secretary  of  Staff. 

Medical  Board— W.  VV.  Jones,  S.  F.  Forbes,  S.  H. 
Bergen,  H.  M.  Schuetzler,  James  Coldham,  S.  S. 
Thorn,  W.  T.  Ridenour,  W.  C.  Chapman. 

Jno.  W.  Bond,  President  of  Board. 

W.  C.  Chapman,  Secretary  of  Board. 

PROTESTANT  HOSPITAL  OF  TOLEDO. 

In  September,  1874,  steps  were  taken  by  the 
Woman's  Christian  Association  for  the  estab- 
lishment in  Toledo  of  a  Hosfiital,  for  the  bene- 
fit of  such  persons  as  might  have  need  of  accom- 
modations to  be  furnished  thereby.  The  fol- 
lowing ladies  were  then  appointed  as  a  Board 
of  Trustees  for  such  purpose,  to  wit :  Mesdames 
Ira  L.  Clark,  Geo.  Stebbins,  H.  M.  Clark,  Fred. 
Prentice,  John  N.  Stevens,  A.  E.  Scott,  I.  N. 
Poe,  Plympton  Buck,  W.  Waddick,  S.  Suydam, 
Perry  Crabbs,  and  James  H.  Maples;  and 
Messrs.  Wager  Swayne,  Eobert  Cummings, 
Wm.  H.  Scott  and  H.  S.  Walbridge  ;  and  Drs. 
S.  S.  Lungren  and  S.  H.  Bergen.  The  Hos- 
pital was  intended  to  be  iinsectarian  as  to  reli- 
gion, and  irrespective  of  methods  in  medical 
practice.  The  property  on  Union  Street,  now 
(1887)  occupied  by  the  hospital,  was  purchased 
for  $8,000,  and  the  first  patient  admitted  in 
October,  1874. 

In  December,  1876,  it  being  thought  best  by 
both  the  Woman's  Christian  Association  and 
the  Hospital  Board,  that  the  Hospital  should 
become  an  indejjeudent  organization,  it  was  in- 
corporated under  the  name  of  "  The  Protestant 


Hospital  of  Toledo,"  when  the  property  was 
passed  over  to  the  new  organization,  in  con- 
sideration of  its  assuming  all  liabilities  and 
maintaining  the  establishment  on  the  basis 
proposed.  Throughout,  the  institution  has 
labored  under  great  disadvantage  from  lack  of 
adequate  accommodations  and  from  limited 
financial  means.  And  yet,  as  shown  by  the 
tenth  annual  I'cport  of  the  Secretary,  over  700 
patients  have  been  cared  for  during  the  first 
decade;  the  current  expenses,  amounting  to 
over  $13,000,  have  been  met ;  while  $8,000  has 
been  paid  for  the  property.  Considering  the 
serious  embarrassments  under  which  the  man- 
agers have  labored,  tiiese  results  may  be  ac- 
cepted as  both  creditable  and  liopeful.  Al- 
though since  1876,  the  medical  care  of  the 
Hospital  has  been  in  the  hands  of  the  Lucas 
County  Homceopathic  Society,  its  doors  have 
been  at  all  times  open  equally  to  physicians  of 
whatever  form  of  practice,  wlio  might  see  fit  to 
attend  upon  the  inmates. 

In  March,  1887,  it  was  decided  by  the  man- 
agers to  proceed  to  the  erection  of  a  new  Hos- 
pital building,  and  also  to  combine  with  the 
institution  of  an  "Old  Man's  Home."  Steps  to 
that  end  have  already  been  taken,  and  it  is 
hoped  that  during  another  year  an  establish- 
ment will  be  furnished  which  will  be  a  credit 
to  Toledo. 

The  present  officers  of  the  Hospital  are  as 
follows  : 

President— Mrs.  I.  L.  Clark. 

Vice  President— Mrs.  I.  N.  Poe. 

Secretary — Mrs.  A.  E.  Scott. 

Treasurer — Mrs.  H.  H.  Pierce. 

Managers  — Mesdames  I.  L.  Clark,  I.  N.  Poe,  S.  S. 
Lungren,  A.  E.  .Scott,  Geo.  Stebbins.  John  Farley, 
R.  D.  Flinn,*  J.  N.  Stevens,  J.  G.  Gould,  W.  T.  Row- 
sey,  S.  W.  Nettleton,  H.  H.  Pierce,  E.  P.  Raymond, 
Alonzo  Chesbrough,  F.  C.  Chapin,  G.  W.  Hart,  W. 
S.  Tburstin,  F.  Trowbridge,  W.  Kline,  T.  P.  Brown, 
W.  B.  Scott,  A.  L.  Spitzer,  J.  Daiber,  S.  C.  Schenck 
and  C.  W.  Hussey. 

Advisory  Board— Messrs.  H.  S.  \Valbridge,  Lean- 
der  Burdick,  J.  K.  Secor,  F.  C.  Cihapin,  T.'C.  Row- 
land, W.  S.  Thurstin,  I.  N.  Poe,  C.  A.  King,  J.  H. 
Bowman,  U.  H.  Buck,  Richard  Waite,  W.  H.  Scott, 
P.  F.  Berdan*,  E.  H.  Van  Hoesen  and  S.  R.  Mac- 
laren. 

CARE  FOR  THE  INSANE. 

Ohio  has  nothing  to  be  ashamed  of,  in  the 
treatment  given  to  her  unfortunate  citizens 
with  "  minds  diseased."  No  Western  or  South- 
ern State,  and  very  few  States  in  other  sec- 
tions, are  in  advance  of  her  in  that  respect. 
The  Asylum  at  Columbus  was  among  the  first 
in  the  country  in  such  provision;  and  as  with 
increasing  population  the  demand  for  such  ac- 
commodations has  advanced  in  magnitude,  the 
call  has  been  most  promptly'  and  liberally  met 
in  new  institutions. 

And  what  is  said  of  the  State,  is  as  true  of 
many  Counties  of  Ohio,  by  which,  as  the  State's 


•Deceased. 


•Deceased. 


562 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


facilities  became  exhausted,  local  provision  was 
made,  to  the  end  that  no  unfortunate  resident 
should  suffer  from  lack  of  proper  care.  Lucas 
Count}-  was  not  backward  in  such  provision. 
In  1871,  an  Asylum  in  connection  with,  but 
practically  separate  from,  the  County  Infirm- 
ary, was  established,  in  which  ultimately  ac- 
commodations were  furnished  for  100  patients, 
who  wore  to  be  supplied  with  as  complete 
facilities  for  care  and  treatment  as  the  circum- 
stances would  permit.  The  original  purpose 
was  to  provide  for  County  demands  only;  but 
as  the  resources  of  the  State  became  exhausted, 
limited  accommodations  for  State  patients  were 
furnished  in  the  local  Asylum.  This  arrange- 
ment has  continued  until  this  time. 

In  view  of  the  increasing  demand  for  accom- 
modations for  the  cai-e  of  the  insane  of  the 
State,  the  Legislature,  in  April,  1883,  provided 
for  a  Commission  whose  duty  it  was  made  to 
determine  upon  a  plan  bj-  which  such  provi- 
sion should  be  made,  and  to  select  a  site  for 
such  new  institution  as  they  should  decide  upon. 

The  Commission  appointed  for  the  purpose, 
adopted  the  Detached-Ward  System,  and  fixed 
the  location  near  the  City  of  Toledo,  upon  a 
tract  of  150  acres  of  land  donated  for  the  pur- 
pose by  Lucas  County.  The  site  is  ujwn  the 
old  United  States  Military  Road  leading  from 
Port  Wayne,  on  the  Detroit  River,  to  Fort 
Meigs,  on  the  Maumee  River,  and  about  four 
and  a  half  miles  from  the  business  center  of 
Toledo  ;  having  a  frontage  on  the  turnpike  of 
3,200  feet.  The  surface  is  even,  and  is  49  feet 
above  Swan  Creek,  which  is  near  by  on  the  ■ 
North,  and  the  Maumee  River  on  the  South,  at 
a  common  stage  of  water,  affording  ample 
means  for  perfect  drainage.  The  soil  is  dry, 
and  easily  brought  to  a  high  state  of  cultiva- 
tion, and  is  well  ada])ted  to  Asylum  purposes. 
The  buildings  are  to  be  upon  lines,  at  no  point 
nearer  than  450  feet  distant  from  any  public 
highway. 

The  location  having  been  made  by  the  Com- 
mission remote  from  either  of  the  existing 
Asylums  for  the  Insane,  the  Governor  ap- 
pointed George  L.  Johnson  and  John  W. 
Fuller,  of  the  City  of  Toledo  ;  Wm.  E.  Haynes, 
of  Fremont;  John  W.  Nelson,  of  Bryan  ;  and 
Robert  G.  Pennington,  of  Tiffin,  Trustees,  to 
proceed  \yith  the  erection  of  the  buildings 
under  the  plans  and  specifications  adopted  by 
the  Commission.  The  Tru,stees  organized  by 
choosing  Mr.  Johnson  as  President,  and  Mr. 
Nelson  as  Secretarj'  pro  tern. 

The  plan  of  this  Asylum  is  a  somewhat  radi- 
cal departui-efrom  thatof  any  other  institution 
for  the  insane  in  the  State,  and  one  of  two  or 
three  onlj-  of  similar  design  in  the  country. 
Itjwill  comprise,  when  completed,  about  fifty 
buildings,  and  is  known  as  the  Detached  Ward, 
or  Cottage  Plan,  as  distinguished  from  the  old 
or  "Kirkbride  System,"  and  will  have  a  ca- 
pacity, without  crowding,  for  accommodating 


1,000  inmates.  The  following-named  buildings 
constitute  the  plan,  as  adopted  hy  the  Trus- 
tees, to  wit : 

AdminLstration  building. 

Kitchen  and  Bakery  building. 

2  Dining  and  Employes'  buildings. 

1  Laundry  building. 

1  Boiler  House  and  Fuel  building. 

1  Store  building. 

1  Chapel  building. 

2  Hospital  buildings,  to  contain  (iO  patients. 
2  Infirm  ward    "  "      120        " 

2  Strong     "  "  "  144 

4  Pavilion  "  "  136 

4         "  "  "  200 

4        "  "  "  176 

4        u  u  u  J20 

4        "  '.  ■.  104 

The  contract  for  the  erection  of  these  build- 
ings was  let  in  June,  1884,  to  M.  J.  &  Wm.  Ma- 
lone,  for  8399,763.  This  amount  has  been  in- 
creased by  improvements  in  execution  of  con- 
tract. The  buildings  are  now  (Noveml^er,  1887) 
substantially  completed  and  the  Asylum  nearly 
prepared  for  patients.  The  total  cost  of  the 
establishment,  including  furniture  and  fur- 
nishings, is  placed  at  $750,000,  which  will  jjro- 
vide  for  1,060  inmates  and  212  employes,  at  a 
cost  of  S707.15  per  ]iatient,  against  an  average 
cost  for  each  patient  in  31  Asylums,  of  SI, 175. 

Following  is  the  official  roster  of  the  Asvlum 
for  1887  : 

Board  of  Trustees — R.  G.  Pennington,  Tiffin, 
President  ;  J.  W.  Fuller,  Toledo  ;  W.  E.  Havnes, 
Fremont;  John  H.  Doyle,  Toledo  ;  D.  W.H.  Howard, 
Wau.seon. 

Architects— E.  0.  Fallis,  Toledo  ;  I.  W.  Yost,  Co- 
lumbus. 

Superintendent  of  Construction — lames  Winans. 

Superintendent — H.  A.  Tobey.  M.  D. 

Assistant  Physician.? — H.  C.  Eyman,  M.  D.;  S.  W. 
Skinner,  M.  D.   " 

Secretary — H.  A.  Tobey. 

Matron— Mrs.  M.  C.  Tobey. 

Steward  and  Financial  Officer — Alfred  Wilkm. 

Engineer,  F.  E.  Peck. 

Electrician— T.  W.  Day. 

CEMETERIES. 

The  first  provision  made  in  Toledo  for  the 
deposit  of  the  dead,  consisted  of  about  two 
acres  of  land  set  apart  for  that  purpose  about 
1830,  by  Dexter  Fisher.  It  was  part  of  80 
acres  owned  by  Mr.  Fisher,  and  lay  on  the 
Soutii  side  of  the  public  i-oad  froni  Port  Law- 
rence to  Tremainesville,  and  near  the  crossing 
of  Madison  and  Seventeenth  Streets.  It  was 
used  for  several  years  and  until  about  1840, 
when  it  was  abandoned  for  such  purpose.  The 
body  of  the  80-acre  tract  now  constitutes  Mott's 
First  and  Second  Additions  to  Toledo. 

Early  in  the  history  of  Vistula,  a  small  piece 
of  ground  now  at  the  crossing  of  Lagrange 
and  Bancroft  Streets,  was  to  a  limited  extent 
used  for  burial  purposes.  It  was  on  the  road 
from  "Lower  Town"  to  Monroe  and  Detroit; 


HOSPITALS.— ASYLUMS.— CEMETERIES. 


563 


lienco,  tbe  story  of  the  man  \vbo  stated  that 
upon  inquiring  his  vfdj  to  Detroit,  he  was  told 
to  take  "the  most  traveled  road,"  and  soon 
found  himself  in  agrave-jard.  These  grounds 
were  not  used  to  great  extent,  and  were  wholly 
abandoned  about  1838. 

In  1838,  the  proprietors  of  Port  Lawrence 
plat  set  apart  lot  No.  859  (corner  of  Dorr  and 
Lenk  Streets),  for  burial  purposes;  and  in 
January,  183!l,  the  City  Council  made  provi- 
sion for  fencing  the  land  and  laying  it  out  in 
lots.  Ere  long,  however,  the  property  was 
sold  for  taxes,  and  thus  passed  out  of  the  hands 
of  the  Cilj'. 

The  first  permanent  provision  by  the  City  of 
Toledo  for  the  burial  of  the  dead  was  made  in 
1839,  when  eight  acres  of  land  was  purchased 
of  B.  F.  Stickney.  It  lay  outside  the  City 
limits,  and  has  been  known  as  Forest  Ceme- 
tery. From  time  to  time,  as  occasion  de- 
manded, the  grounds  were  cleared  and  platted 
for  market.  By  18(55,  the  accommodations  of 
the  premises  had  become  so  far  exhausted,  as 
to  make  further  provision  necessary,  when  a 
committee  consisting  of  James  C.  Hall,  Wm. 
Baker  and  D.  E.  Gardner,  was  appointed  by 
the  City  Council,  whose  dutj'  it  was  made  to 
make  examination  of  lands  near  to  the  City, 
with  the  view  of  ascertaining  the  most  desir- 
able location  for  a  new  Cemetery.  After  care- 
ful examination  these  gentlemen  made  report 
recommending  the  purchase  by  the  City  of 
portions  of  Sections  22  and  23,  Washington 
Township.  The  Council  finally  concluded  that 
the  location  was  too  remote  from  the  City,  and 
made  purchase  of  18  acres  adjoining  Forest 
Cemetery,  making  a  total  of  26  acres.  Since 
that  extension  (now  22  years),  the  rapidly  in- 
creasing population  of  the  City  has  with  cor- 
responding rapidity  reduced  the  accommoda- 
tions of  these  grounds,  making  necessary 
other  provision.  To  this  end,  by  an  associa- 
tion of  citizens,  Woodlawn  Cemetery  Associ- 
ation was  organized  in  December.  1876,  and 
the  following  named  Trustees  elected,  to  wit : 
"Wm.  St.  John,  C.  B.  Phillips,  H.  S.  Walbridge, 
J.  L.  Stratton,  B.  F.  Griffin,  Heman  D.  Wal- 
bridge, H.  S.  Stebbins,  D.  W.  Curtis  and 
Edward  Malone.  After  careful  examination 
of  various  tracts,  it  was  found  that  the  land 
recommended  by  the  Council  Committee  in 
1865,  was  most  suitable  for  the  purpose.  It 
was  known  as  the  Richards  farm,  lying  North- 
west of  Ottawa  River  and  containing  160 
acres,  and  was  purchased.  Steps  were  at  once 
taken  for  laying  out  the  grounds  for  the  pur- 
pose of  the  Association.  The  area  is  comprised 
in  79  sections,  containing  about  8,000  lots  and 
5,000  single  graves,  with  tlie  requisite  space 
for  carrying  out  the  park  plan.  The  grounds 
lie  favorable  for  convenience  in  use  and  beauty 
and  taste  in  arrangements.  The  main 
improvements  consist  of  a  receiving  vault, 
a    chapel,     an     office,    an    artificial    lake,     a 


s^Tstem  of  sewerage,  with  drives  and 
avenues.  The  prices  of  lots  vary  fi-om  25  cents 
to  $1.00  per  square  foot.  The  grounds  were 
formally  dedicated  on  Sunday,  October  21, 
1883,.  the  services  being  participated  in  by 
Revs.  D.  G.  Strong,  Wm.  W.  Williams,  B.  A. 
Wood  and  J.  A.  P.  McGaw ;  by  Messrs.  F.  R. 
Williams  and  S.  C.  Bennett,  and  Misses  Genevra 
Johnson  and  Mary  Spencer,  as  singers; 
Mrs.  Heman  D.  Walbridge  reciting  a  poem, 
and  Mr.  W.  H.  Maher  reading  an  original  poem. 
H.  iS.  Walbridge,  President  of  the  Association, 
addressed  the  audience  in  explanation  of  the 
action  of  the  Board  in  connection  with  the 
grounds.  The  present  officers  of  the  Associa- 
tion are  as  follows  : 

President — Horace  8.  Walbridge. 

ViL,e  President — .loseph  K.  Secor. 

Treasurer— Edgar  H.  Van  Hoesen. 

Clerk — Thomas  H.  Walbridge. 

Trustees-H.  S.  Walbridge,  J.  K.  Secor,  J.  J. 
Barker,  A.  E.  Macoraber,  S.  M.  Young,  W.  S.  Brain- 
ard,  Robert  Barber,  C.  F.  Curtis,  Dennis  Maloney,  A. 
Burger,  Dr.  O.  S.  Brigham,  Dr.  Albert  Claypool. 

Superintendent  and  Engineer — Frank  Eurich. 

In  this  connection  the  following  list  of  the 
principal  Cemeteries  of  the  United  States,  with 
the  dates  of  their  establishment  and  areas,  will 
be  of  interest : 


Name. 


Location. 


Established. 


Mount  Auburn Boston 1S31 

Laurel  Hill Philadelphia 183(5 

Greenwood Long  Island 1838 

Green  Mount Baltimore 1839 

Mount  Hope Rochester 1845 

Alleghany Pittsburgh 1845 

Cave  Hill Louisville 1845 

Spring  Grove Cincinnati 1845 

Hollywood Richmond 1847 

Forest  Hills Boston 1848 

Cypress  Hill Long  Island 1848 

Calvary New  York 1848 

Evergreen New  Haven 1849 

Oak  Hill Georgetown,  D.  C. -1849 

Bellefontaine St.  Louis 1^9 

Forest  Lawn Buffalo 1850 

Woodland Boston   ..  1851 

Evergreen Brooklyn 1851 

Lutheran New  York 1852 

Elmwood Memphis 1852 

Fairmount Newark,  N.  J 1855 

Swan  Point Providence 1858 

Ro.se  Hill Chicago 1859 

Newton Boston 18(30 

Oak  Ridge Springfield,  111  _... 18(50 

Woodlawn New  York  . 1S63 

Crown  Hill Indianapolis 18()3 

Oakwood Chicago 18(54 

Mountain  View.-  Oakland 1865 

Cedar  Hill Hartford 1868 

Woodraere Detroit 1869 

West  Laurel  HilL.Philadelphia 1869 

Lake  View Cleveland 1870 

Riverside Cleveland 1875 

Woodlawn Toledo.— 1876 

Oakwood Trov,  N.  Y 

Forest  Hills Utica,  N.  Y 

Forest  Home Milwaukee 

Lone  Mountain  _. -San  Francisco 


Acres. 

130 
200 

450 


360 

200 

600 

95 

200 

400 

100 

40 

35 

332 

250 

100 

340 

400 

80 

60 

250 

250 

SO 

75 

400 

360 

300 

200 

254 

200 

115 

300 

102 

160 


200 


664 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Beside  the  Cemelories  above  mentioned,  are 
the  following,  within  the  City,  or  used  for  the 
burial  of  the  dead  from  the  City,  to  wit: 

Coi.LiNowooD  Cemetery.— Phillips  Avenue,  near 
Duko  Street,  West  Toledo  ;  in  connection  with  West 
Toledo  Methodist  Episcoiial  Church. 

St.  Fr.ViS'cis  de  Sales.— Northwest  corner  La- 
grange Street  and  Manhattan  Road  ;  in  connection 
with  St.  Francis  de  Sales  Catholic  Church. 

St.  M.Mn's. — Northwest  corner  Lagrange  Street 
and  Manhattan  Road ;  in  connection  with  St.  Mary's 
Catholic  Church,  and  adjoining  the  grounds  of  St. 
Francis  de  Sales. 

St.  Patrick's. — South  side  Wayne  Street  and  be- 
tween Western  Avenue  and  Gibbons  Street ;  in  con- 
nection with  St.  Patrick's  Catholic  Church. 

St.  Peter's.— Southeast  corner  of  Western  Avenue 
and  Wayne  Street ;  in  connection  with  St.  Peter's 
Catholic  Church. 

Cemetery  Benevolent  Association. — Cemetery 
East  side  Maumee  River,  opposite  Water  Works ;  de- 
signed chiefly  for  burial  of  .Jewish  persons.  Officers 
of  the  Association  :  N.  D.  Oesterman,  President ;  S. 
Van  Noorden,  Vice  President ;  J.  Simon,  Secretary  ; 
L.  Geleerd,  Treasurer. 

Willow  Cemetery. — In  Oregon  Township,  near 
Toledo  City  line,  and  between  Woodville  and  Grasser 
Streets.  It  belongs  to  Oregon  Township.  On  these 
grounds  is  the  monument,  erected  mainly  by  mem- 
bers of  Ford  Post  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  and 
citizens  of  East  Toledo  and  Oregon. 

Calvary  Cemetery. — On  Dorr  Street  and  ad- 
joining the  Agricultural  Fair  Grounds.  It  contains 
about  GO  acres  of  land  ;  is  designed  for  the  u.se  of  all 
Catholic  Churches,  and  wa.s  dedicated  in  November, 
1SS7,  by  Bishop  Gilmour,  of  Cleveland  Diocese. 

GRAVE  ROBBING. 

The  first  case  of  "grave  robbing"  in  the 
Maumee  Valley,  probably,  occurred  at  Fort 
Meigs,  in  1823,  when  the  body  of  Bailej- 
Biaiicesley    was    disinterred.       It    was    found 


partly  dissected,  in  the  barn  of  a  Surgeon.  A 
public  meeting  was  held,  a  committee  of 
which  reported  that  under  the  law,  all  that 
could  be  done  was  to  "  pro.secute  the  accused 
for  larceny,  in  taking  away  tiie  shroud  or 
winding  sheet  of  the  dead  ;  "  whereupon,  the 
meeting  entreated  and  advised  the  partie.s  con- 
cerned "to  leave  the  place  in  90  days."  All 
did  not  accept  this  invitation,  one  of  them 
continuing  there  for  nearly  60  years  beyond 
the  "  90  dajs  "  named  for  his  departure.  The 
deceased  was  a  young  man  who  had  been  in  the 
neighborhood  about  a  j^ear,  and  was  attended 
by  one  of  the  physicians  charged  as  above. 
Among  the  citizen.s  taking  part  in  the  meeting 
referred  to,  were  Samviel  Hubbcll,  Wm.  Pratt 
and  Samuel  SpaflFord.  It  may  justly  be  stated 
in  this  connection,  that  the  facilities  enjoyed 
in  this  region  bj^  medical  practitioners  and 
Surgeons  at  tliat  time  for  the  study  of  the 
human  sj^stem,  were  very  meagre,  in  com- 
parison with  those  supplied  by  the  various 
Medical  Schools  of  the  present  day ;  and  the 
025]3ortunities  for  obtaining  subjects  for  dis- 
section correspondingly  less  than  now.  Hence, 
there  may  well  be  liberal  allowance  made  for 
any  vigorous  efforts  by  practitioners  to  secure 
such  means  for  the  study  of  their  profession. 


At  his  store  in  Toledo  in  1838,  C.  G.  Mc- 
Knight  sold  "  Miles's  Compound  Extract  of 
Tomato — a  sovereign  remedy  for  fevers  of  all 
kinds — warranted  to  cure  if  directions  were 
followed."  Until  that  time  and  thereafter,  the 
Tomato  had  been  popularly  known  as  the 
"  Love  Apple,"  was  cultivated  to  very 
limited  extent,  and  almost  wholly  as  a  garden 
ornament.  Its  flavor  was  such  as  to  require 
cultivation  of  taste  for  it,  while  there  was 
more  or  less  prejudice  against  it  on  the  score  of 
its  alleged  poisonous  qualities. 


CHAPTEE    III. 


DRAINAGE.  ■ 


WATKE     SUPPLY. 


PARKS. 


DRAINAGE.  now  are  the  Court  House  and  High  School  build- 

.  ing,  ofwhich  mention  is  nioreiiarticularly  made 

APRIL  18,  1830,  the  Council  first  recognized  elsewhere.    Upon  reaching  tlie  present  crossing 

tiie  necessity  for  draining  the  lower  lands  of  Huron  and  Adams   Streets,  they  found  that 

withm    the    City,  by    authorizing   the    Street  |„  ji^gj,.  ^.j^gg  attention  to  jumping  from  log  to 

Commissioner  to  "  take  immediate  measures  to  ^iog  in  the  swale  which  then  covered  the  locality, 

fill  up,  drain  or  otherwise  to   iniprove    all    the  tliey  had  missed  their  geographical  bearings, 

low  and  marshy  grounds  m  the  City,    provided  j^^^,    ]j,^g^   ^^^  <.,,gi,.  ^.^^  ^^j      j^  f^^.^.^  ^hgy 

such  improvement  cost  not  to  exceed  $500-a  ^^^^.^  u  jogj  -  ^nd  were  guided  out  of  their  di- 

sum  sadly  inadequate  to  the  end  for  which  miles  lemma  only  by  the  sound  of  a  high-pressure 

of  sewers  have  since  been  constructed  at  a  cost  steamboat  passing  in  the  River.     No  part  of 

of  hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars.  Toledo    is   now  more    thoroughly    drained    or 

"Draining  Mud  Creek,     was  the  subject  of  ,j,o,.g    healthful,  than  the  loc^ality  of  that  old 

an  editorial  in  the  Blade  of  February  28, 1845.  g^ale 

Said  Creek  was  then  a  sluggish  stream— hardly  ^j^^  ^.^^^,^3  ^j  g^^^.^^.  construction  in  Toledo 

more  than  a  lagoon— running  generally  paral-  ^^  December   31,  1886,  are  shown  in  the  fol- 

lel  with  the  River  and  lying  North  of  Summit  lowing  statement,  to  wit : 
Street,  in  what  is  yet  more  or  less  low  ground. 

At  the  date  named  it  was   a  source  of  much      No.  Sewers  built 258 

sickness— probably  a  main   contributor  to    the      No.  Man-holes  to  same 1,181 

bad  repute  as  to  health  whichToledo  then  had.      fp-  Catch-basins_ 1,194 

m       «.  ,«     ,„„,,,.   ^^„„t,.„^.t^ri  ,■„   iT.^i„^«   ,.,„„  Sizes  and  extent— 6  feet  diameter,  miles-_         2.2666 

The   first  sewer  constructed  in   loledo   was  -     ,1          ,,             u                S ''170 

placed  in  Monroe  Street,  in  1848.     It  extended  4    "          "             "     "_'       2!5856 

from    the    River    1,700  feet   on  Monroe,    and  3    "          "            "    -_-       3.S709 

thence  East    300  feet  to   the  lagoon  between  2.5  "          "             •'     .._       2. .5026 

that  Street  and  Jefferson.     It  was  sunken  from  ^    "          ||             ",    --      ^Jooo? 

10  to  15  feet;  was  3x4  feetin  size  and  cost  about  1  foot       •'             "     '."          0633 

$3,000,  or  $1.50   per   foot.     The  second  sewer      Total  length  of  Sewers,  miles '.'.'.      47!o246 

was  in    Oak    Street;  same    size   as  in  Monroe      Total  cost  of  Sewers $826,295.39 

Street;    extending    from    River  to    St.    Clair      No.  Sewers  connecting  with  Maumee  River 9 

Street,  850  feet ;  cost  $5,500 ;  with    open  drain      ^o-       '\  "  \\     Ottawa        ''    1 

from  St.  Clair  to  the  Canal,  1,400  feet;  which      ^°-       !,  ..  „     Ca'nll  1 

cost  $1,300.  No.       "             "              "     Bayou'l-I^-I.-III-I    1 

Since  the  construction  of  the  two  Sewers 
named,  that  branch  of  improvement  has  gone  The  result  of  this  thorough  provision  for  drain- 
forward  with  more  or  less  of  regularity,  until  age  has  been  to  take  Toledo  from  its  early  jio- 
the  City  now  possesses  one  of  the  best  systems  sition  among  the  unhealthy  localities  of  the 
of  drainage  in  the  country.  Few  localities  country,  and  to  place  her  in  the  very  front 
have  had  more  of  topographical  obstacles  to  rank  of  most  healthy  Cities  of  the  World, 
contend  with  in  that  connection,  than  has  To-  Whereas,  as  elsewhere  shown,  malarial  diseases 
ledo.  Visitors  now  coming  here  can  have  no  were  both  common  and  fatal  daring  the  earlier 
adequate  appreciation  of  what  has  been  accom-  years  of  the  settlement,  these  have  almost 
plisbed,  except  as  the}' examine  the  record  of  wholly  ceased.  Such  a  thing  as  bilious  fever  or 
results.  The  large  extent  of  lagoon,  swale  fever  and  ague  is  now  rarely  met  by  medical 
and  marsh,  which  at  the  outset  substantially  practitioners  there.  While  this  is  true  of  that 
occupied  the  space  between  Summit  and  Mich-  class  of  diseases,  it  is  an  important  fact,  that 
igan  and  Monroe  and  Cherry  Streets — the. very  rarely  is  a  locality  found  where  as  few  epi- 
heart  of  the  City— has  almost  wholly  disap-  demies  of  any  sort  appear,  as  in  Toledo.  It  is 
peared,  here  and  there  now  appearing  a  few  many  years  since  such  prevailed  to  any 
localities  showing  the  original  level,  while  serious  extent  of  fatality.  This  state  of  things 
these  are  thoroughly  drained.  In  this  con-  is  no  doubt  chiefly  due  to  the  drainage  named 
nection  it  may  be  stated,  that  in  1833,  Messrs.  and  to  the  admirable  system  of  water  supply 
Jessup  W.  and  J.  Austin  Scott,  undertook  an  elsewhere  noticed  at  some  length,  the  two 
examination  of  the  70-acre  tract  then  recently  agencies  acting  together  with  most  beneficent 
purchased  by  the  former  gentleman,  on  which  results. 

[565] 


666 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


The  improved  condition  of  Toledo  in  the 
matter  of  hoaltli,  is  best  shown  in  the  following 
comparative  stutement  of  the  annual  death  rate 
per  1,(100  inhabitants  in  the  Cities  named,  as 
shown  in  the  month  of  January,  1880,  to  wit: 

Boston,  Mass 25.80 

Lowell,  Mass 28.00 

Worcester,  Mass 16.00 

SpriiiKlield,  Ma,ss 20.20 

New  Haven,  Conn 16.50 

New  York  Citv 21.70 

Utica,  X.  Y..:. 31.30 

Ncw^ark,  N.J     22.50 

I'itt.sburgh,  Penn 24.40 

Philadelphia 15.20 

District  of  Columbia 22.40 

Cleveland,  Ohio l-t-30 

Oayton,  Ohio 13.40 

Cincinnati.  Ohio 13.40 

Callipolis,  Ohio 19.00 

Indianapolis,  Ind H.^O 

Evan.-^ville,  Ind 22.20 

Chicago,  111 15.80 

Peoria,  111 31.20 

Quincv,  111 20.80 

Milwaukee,  Wis 15.10 

St.  Paul,  Minn 15.30 

Average  of  these  22  Cities 19.38 

Toledo's  rate,  same  time 13.G8 

Difference  in  favorof  Toledo 5.70 

The  following  like  table  prejJared  for  1885, 
presents  Toledo  in  still  more  favorable  light, 
to  wit : 

Boston 22.41 

Baltimore 19.55 

St.  Louis 18.70 

Cincinnati 18.37 

Buflfalo 42.85 

San  Francisco 19.58 

Cleveland 18.11 

Detroit 19.39 

Memphis 23.80 

Nashville 19.10 

Atlanta 20.53 

Wilmington,  Del 18.25 

Oakland,  Cal 12.17 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 20.45 

Toledo 13.23 

Average  of  Cities  named 20.37 

Difference  in  favor  of  Toledo 7.14 

In  his  report  for  1886,  Health  Officer  Van 
Pelt  shows  the  i-ecord  of  Toledo  to  have  been 
at  that  time  even  better  than  as  given  in  1880 
or  1885.     He  said  : 

The  total  number  of  deaths  for  the  year  ending 
December  31,  1886,  was  935.  This  gives  us  an  an- 
nual death  rate,  on  a  population  determined  by 
actual  enumeration  last  Summer,  of  12.89  per  thou- 
sand. The  census  taken  by  the  City  gives  a  popula- 
tion of  72,504  ;  and  on  this  population  the  mortuary 
rate  is  made.  The  care  taken  in  making  our  records, 
together  with  the  fact  that  we  know  what  our  popu- 
lation is,  gives  us  figures  that  are  strictlv  accurate 
and  reliable.  Never  before  in  the  history  of  Toledo 
has  the  rate  been  so  low,  when  based  on  reliable 
figures.  It  still  maintains  its  own  proud  rank  among 
the  very  healthiest  Cities  of  the   world.     Only  two 


Cities  of  the  United  States,  so  far  as  I  have  seen,  lay 
claim  to  a  lower  mortuary  rate.  These  are  St.  Paul, 
Minn.,  and  Denver,  Col.,  and  these  have  made  a  rate 
based  upon  an  estimated  population. 

WATER  SUPPLY. 


TOLEDO  WATER  wui;KS-is;:;. 

From  the  earliest  settlement  at  Toledo,  the 
matter  of  proper  supply  of  acceptable  water 
for  beverage  and  domestic  purposes,  was  a 
consideration  of  serious  concern.  The  nature 
of  soil  and  tojiOLjraphy  of  the  locality,  plainly 
showed  that  whatever  might  temporarily  be 
done  in  that  direction,  measures  would  ere  long 
become  indispensable  for  securing  a  supply 
better  in  quality  and  more  ample  in  quantity 
than  any  to  be  lurnislied  by  ordinary  excavated 
Wells.  The  general  presence  of  clay  soil, 
clearly  forbade  dependence  on  what  could  be 
little  more  than  the  accumulation  of  surface 
drainage,  which  from  the  first  was  made  unfit 
by  the  annual  decay  of  heavy  vegetable  growth, 
and  must  become  yearly  more  unfit  by  the  offal 
of  increasing  population.  The  trouble  from 
this  source  was  seriously  enhanced  in  seasons 
of  hot  weather  attended  by  drouth — notably 
1888,  when  fevers  I'aged  here  with  fatal  sever- 
ity, largely  due  to  the  almost  total  lack  of 
water  fit  for  beverage.  To  this  cause,  in  some 
degree,  no  doubt,  was  due  the  unfavorable  rep- 
utation of  Toledo  in  respect  to  healthfulness. 

The  discussion  of  this  subject  in  a  general 
way  was  continued  for  many  years,  without  its 
.solution.  Finally,  attention  was  called  to  the 
plan  of  Artesian  Wells,  which  about  that  time 
was  attracting  considerable  intei-est  in  this 
cotintrj',  as  it  long  had  done  in  the  Old  World. 
With  nothing  better  than  theory  to  act  upon, 
steps  were  taken  by  different  individuals  look- 
ing to  a  test  of  the  faith  that  underlying  Toledo 
was  an  abundant  supply  of  pure,  health}^  water, 
which  was  accessible  by  boring  through  the 
rock  by  which  it  was  covered.  Among  those 
entertaining  such  faith,  was  the  late  Lyman 
Wheeler,  who  commenced  boring  for  water  at 
his  store,  corner  of  Monroe  and  St.  Clair  Streets 
(now  the  site  of  Wheeler  Opera  House).  Others 
had  preceded  Mr.  Wheeler  in  the  same  effort, 
but  his  was  the  first  signal  success.     The  size 


DRAIN  A  OE.—  WA  TER  S  UPPL  Y.— PARKS. 


567 


of  the  auger  used  was  8|  inches,  and  that  of 
the  iron  pipe  inserted  eight  inches.  In  June, 
1850,  at  the  depth  of  55  feet,  water  was  reached, 
which  rose  to  within  six  feet  of  the  surface. 
The  cost  of  the  well,  complete,  was  about  $55, 
or  $1.00  per  foot.  The  water  was  found  to  be 
pure  and  clear,  but  was  not  as  "soft"  as  had 
been  hoped  for,  which  fact  was  a  source  of  se- 
rious disappointment.  Still,  its  other  qualities 
placed  it  so  far  ahead  of  both  the  ordinary  Well 
water  and  that  of  the  River,  that  the  discovery 
of  an  Artesian  supplj^  was  liailed  with  general 
satisfaction  b}-  the  citizens,  and  was  followed 
by  the  successful  boring  of  several  Wells  by 
others. 

The  second  Well  of  this  kind  was  that  on 
Jelferson  Street,  between  Summit  and  St.  Clair, 
having  been  bored  about  1853.  Among  the 
first  Artesian  Wells  within  the  present  limits 
of  Toledo,  was  one  bored  about  1852  at  Man- 
hattan, and  to  a  depth  of  some  100  feet. 

As  the  City  extended  in  improvements,  the 
demand  for  a  water  supply  for  fire  purposes 
became  felt  more  and  more.  So  long  as  this 
call  could  be  met  from  the  River  and  the  Canal, 
no  inconvenience  existed  which  could  not  be 
overcome  by  efforts  of  the  Firemen  ;  but  in  the 
course  of  time,  improvements  got  beyond  such 
sources  of  supply,  and  other  provision  was 
found  indispensable. 

June  9,  185:!,  the  City  Council  provided  for 
four  Public  Wells,  to  be  located— one  near  cor- 
ner of  Summit  and  Lagrange;  one  near  corner 
of  Summit  and  Cherry  ;  one  near  corner  of 
Summit  and  Adams  ;  and  one  near  corner  of 
St.  Clair  and  Washington.  These  wells  were 
to  be  provided  by  boring,  the  hole  to  be  six 
inches  in  diameter  and  provided  with  iron  jiipe. 
In  connection  with  these  vvells  (the  last  named 
only  excepted),  were  to  be  provided  reservoirs 
-20  feet  deep  and  eight  feet  in  diameter,  for  the 
use  of  the  Fire  Department. 

In  April,  1854,  A.  J.  Field  at  his  Car  Works, 
in  the  Fifth  Ward,  succeeded  in  obtaining  a 
free  flow  of  water,  after  boring  to  the  dejith  of 
about  100  feet,  the  last  10  of  which  was  through 
solid  rock. 

The  first  definite  steps  toward  a  public  suj)- 
ply  of  water  were  taken  in  1855.  In  August 
of  that  year  was  submitted  to  the  vote  of  the 
people  a  proposition  to  issue  $25,000  of  City 
bonds  for  the  purpose  of  a  Water  supply.  The 
plan  was,  that  of  such  sum  15,000  be  devoted 
to  sinking  an  experimental  Artesian  Well,  as  a 
test  of  the  practicability  of  obtaining  an  ade- 
quate supply  from  that  source.  The  vote  on 
such  proposition  was  taken  August  Ifith,  with 
the  following  result : 

Word.                     No.  Votes.  Yes.  Jfo.  Majority. 

First 50  ■   36  14  22 

Second 54  37  17  20 

Third 36  31  5  26 

Fourth 155  134  21  113 

295  238  57  181 


This  movement  was  in  gi-eat  measure  insti- 
gated by  the  pervading  belief  among  the  ])eoplo 
of  Toledo,  that  the  severity  of  the  cholera  in 
the  City  during  the  summer  of  1854,  was  to 
groat  extent  due  to  tiie  nature  of  the  water 
supplied  by  excavated  wells,  the  only  source 
then  in  use.  These  wells  in  the  portion  of  the 
City  below  Cherry  Street,  were  said  to  bo, 
on  an  average,  not  more  than  15  feet 
in  depth.  The  water,  while  clear  and  without 
specially  objectionable  taste  when  drawn,  ere 
long  showed  the  presence  of  vegetable  matter. 
In  both  1852  and  1854,  the  cholera  was  more 
prevalent  and  more  fatal  in  that  section  than 
in  any  other  of  the  City.  In  1849  the  differ- 
ence in  that  respect  between  that  and  the  upper 
section  was  less,  a  condition  accounted  for  by 
the  fact,  that  between  1849  and  1852,  Artesian 
water  had  measurabij'  come  into  use  in  the 
latter  section  referred  to.  It  was  the  belief  that 
water  from  wells  dug  in  clay  soils,  piercing  no 
stratum  of  sand  or  gravel  to  act  as  filter,  could 
not  be  tit  for  use. 

April  6,  1858,  the  ordinance  providing  for  a 
Board  of  Water  Works,  passed  September  4, 
1855,  was  repealed,  the  experiment  of  boring 
for  water  on  Adams  Street  not  proving  satis- 
factory. 

In  May,  1858,  I.  N.  Hathaway  bored  an  Ar- 
tesian Well  at  the  corner  of  Superioi-  and 
Orange  Streets,  to  the  dejjth  of  90  feet,  when 
water  arose  to  within  six  feet  of  the  surface. 
About  the  same  time  Judge  Mj-ers  bored  a  Well 
in  the  basement  of  his  brick  block,  Northeast 
corner  of  Summit  and  Monroe  Streets. 

June  21,  1859,  the  Council  authorized  the 
issue  of  110,000  additional  bonds  to  provide  for 
the  boring  of  Artesian  Wells  within  the  City. 

The  State  Fair  at  Toledo,  September,  1869, 
was  sujjplied  with  water  from  an  artesian  well 
on  the  grouttds.  It  consisted  of  a  shaft  10  feet 
in  diameter  and  60  deep,  from  the  bottom  of 
which  were  sunk  three  3-inch  holes  82  feet  be- 
low, making  a  total  of  142  feet  depth.  The 
water  arose  to  within  22  feet  of  the  surface,  and 
was  taken  by  means  of  a  steam  pump,  and  dis- 
tributed through  7,000  feet  of  pipe,  costing 
$1,800.  The  well  cost  the  City  $3,500  ;  making 
$5,300  in  all.  The  pump  was  used  for  eight 
days,  and  the  quantity  of  water  taken  ranged 
from  900  to  4,600  barrels  per  day.  The  stage 
of  water  in  the  main  well  varied  from  32  to  51 
feet.  A  trial  showed  that  the  ])ump  was  not 
able  to  reduce  the  stage  of  water,  although 
taking  350  to  360  barrels  per  hour.  This  led 
to  the  belief  that  the  supply  of  water  was  ample 
for  the  use  of  the  City. 

March  10,  1868,  the  Council  ap]iointed  a  Com- 
mission, con.sisting  of  Major  C.  A.  King,  J.  H. 
Whitaker,  Calvin  Crane  and  Wm.  C.  Huffman, 
to  visit  Locki3ort  and  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  to  ex- 
amine systems  of  Water  Works  in  those  Cities. 

March  27th,  this  Commission  made  report  to 
the  Council,  that  they  had  examined  the  Holly 


668 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


system  of  AVater  Works  in  the  Cities  named, 
and  submitted  a  proposition  for  the  adoption  of 
the  same  in  Toledo,  to  include  4.600  feet  of  16- 
ineh  pipe  ;  IS, 600  feet  12-inch  pipe  ;  25,600  feet 
10-inch;  4,300  feet  8-ineh  ;  46,400  feet  of  six 
and  four  inch  ;  making  a  total  of  18J  miles  of 
pipe  at  a  cost  of  S;iT!),178. 

April  1,  1868,  the  Council  provided  for  sub- 
mission to  the  vote  of  the  electors  a  projiosition 
to  issue  bonds  to  the  amount  of  §500,000,  at  7 
per  cent,  interestfor  20  years,  for  the  construc- 
tion of  Water  Works  on  the  plan  named ; 
which  proposition,  April  6th,  was  defeated  on 
a  vote  of  567  "  Yes,"  to  2,695  "  No."  This  re- 
sult was  chiefly  due  to  the  indefiniteness  of  the 
terms  of  the  proposition. 

March  29,  1869,  the  Council  provided  for 
submission  to  pojjular  vote  of  another  proposi- 
tion to  issue  §100,000  in  bonds  for  Water  Works 
pur2J0ses,  which  resulted  in  a  vote  of  1,000 
"  Yes,"  to  2,673  "  No."  The  plan  proposed  in 
this  case,  was,  substantially,  limited  to  the  use 
of  water  Irom  the  Canal,  cliiefly  for  the  Fire 
Department. 

October  3,  1870,  a  Committee  of  the  Council 
was  appointed,  to  examine  and  report  as  to 
several  kinds  of  Water  Works  in  use,  and  also 
as  to  the  capabilities  of  Artesian  Wells  for  a 
supply  of  water.  The  Committee  consisted  of 
Henry  Philipps,  Luther  Whitney.  Daniel  Se- 
gur,  J.  G.  Nclen  and  Wm.  St.  John. 

May  15,  1871,  provision  was  made  for  the 
employment  of  an  Engineer  to  prepare  esti- 
mates for  Water  Works. 

November  6,  1871,  A.  E.  Ketcham,  Engineer, 
made  I'eport  of  estimates  for  Water  Works. 

February  5,  1872,  the  Committee  on  Water 
Supply  presented  an  estimate  of  cost  for  the 
Holly  system  of  Water  Works,  which  consisted 
of  one  Holly  Pump,  pump  wells,  settling  reser- 
voirs, 25  miles  of  pipe,  144  stop-valves,  and  204 
fire-hydrants,  to  cost  §500,000.  The  report  was 
approved  and  the  proposition  submitted  to  the 
vote  of  the  electors  April  1st.  when  the  vote 
stood:  "Yes,"  3,480,  "No,"  1,082. 

May  20th,  provision  was  made  for  the  elec- 
tion of  a  Board  of  Water  Works  Trustees. 

June  11th,  at  such  election,  John  P.  Free- 
man, Edward  Malone  and  Carl  Schon  were 
chosen,  who  organized  by  the  election  of  Mr. 
Freeman  as  President,  with  George  C.  Pepper 
as  Secretary  pro  tern. 

August  20,  1872,  the  Water  Works  Board 
employed  Moses  Lane,  of  Milwaukee,  Wiscon- 
sin, as  Chief  Engineer  of  construction. 

December  9,  1872,  the  Engineer  presented  to 
the  Board  an  estimate  for  Water  Works,  to  cost 
§555,987,  which  was  presented  by  the  Board  to 
the  Council.  Inasmuch  as  the  plan  thus  jM-e- 
sented  was  not  the  Holly  plan,  but  the  Stand- 
Pipe  system,  the  Council,  December  30,  1872, 
called  upon  the  Trustees  to  "  report  the  reasons 
why  they  had  not  followed  the  directions  of  the 
Council,  as  contained  in  the  ordinance  passed 


May  20,  1872,"  which  provided  for  "  Water 
Works  on  the  Holly  or  some  other  plan  of 
direct  suppl3^" 

January  13, 1873,  the  Trustees  responded,  ex- 
pressing their  regret  that  apparent  disagree- 
ment should  have  arisen  between  them  and  the 
Council  in  the  premises;  and  submitting  the 
report  of  the  Chief  Engineer,  giving  reasons  for 
the  choice  made  b}'  the  Board.  The  plan  con- 
sisted of  conveying  water  b}-  means  of  force 
pumps  into  a  Stand-pipe,  four  feet  inside  diam- 
eter, and  153  feet  vertical  height,  and  thence 
by  a  main  pipe  of  30  inches  to  the  service  pipes 
in  the  Citj-. 

At  the  same  session  the  Council  directed  the 
City  Solicitor  to  institute  legal  proceedings  to 
settle  the  question  of  the  power  of  the  Trustees 
to  adopt  a  system  of  Water  Works  independ- 
ent of  the  will  of  the  Council. 

The  issue  thus  arising  between  the  two  bodies 
came  to  be  very  sharp,  with  more  or  less  mani- 
festation of  feeling.  The  matter  was  actively 
discussed  by  the  City  press,  and  for  several 
weeks  constituted  a  matter  of  general  interest. 

Finally  recognizing  a  doubt  as  to  the  sound- 
ness of  its  position,  the  Citj*  Council,  February 
15,  1873,  provided  for  sending  a  Special  Com- 
mission to  visit  the  principal  Cities  and  exam- 
ine their  various  systems  of  Water  Works,  and 
make  report  to  the  Council.  For  such  purpose, 
John  T.  Maher,  J.  S.  Norton,  J.  D.  Cook  and 
H.  A.  Bo^-d  were  appointed. 

March  31,  1873,  tlie  report  of  this  Special 
Commission  was  presented  to  the  Council.  It 
stated  that  the  Commission  had  traveled  over 
3,000  miles  in  18  States,  occupying  23  days  of 
time.  Of  the  result  of  the  examination,  the 
report  said  : 

In  order  to  secure  a  correct  compari.son  between 
the  different  systems  and  kinds  of  machinery,  we 
have  made  all  our  calculations  upon  a  common  initial 
basis:  the  cost  of  raising  one  million  gallons  of  water 
one  foot  high.  *  *  *  *  -We  give  below 
the  cost  of  rai.sing  one  million  gallons  one  foot  high, 
at  the  several  points  named  by  what  is  known  as 
"Cornish,"  "  Holly,"  and  "  Worthington  Duplex" 
Engines : 

CORNISH   ENGINES. 

Erie,  Pa.,    1,000,000  gallons  one  foot  high.lO}.^  cents. 
Roxboro,  Phila.,  "  "         "      "      •'    ..12  7-10   " 

Schuylkill,  Pa,     "         "         "      "      "    __n  2-10   " 

HOLLY    ENGINES. 

Dunkirk,  N.y.,  1,000,000  gal.  one  ft.  high_61      cents. 
Columbus,  O.,  "         "        "     '•     "..22  3-10" 

Dayton,  O.,  "         '      "  ..473.^ 

Covington,  Kv.,      "         "        "     "     "  ..36}| 
Indianapohs,  ind.,  "         "        "     "     "..18  1-10" 

WORTHINGTON    DUPLEX    ENGINES. 

Poughkeepsie.N.Y.,  l,000,000gal.  1ft. high,  lOS-lOcts 
Belleville,  N.  J.,           "           "        "      "  ..  8   cents. 
Newark,  N.  J.,             "           "        "      "  „  8        " 
Roxboro,  Pfiil.,             "           "        "      "        99-10" 
Belmont,  Phil.,  "  7 


DRAINAGE.— WATER  SUPPLY.— PARKS. 


569 


RECAPITULATION. 

Average  cost  of  raising  1,000,000  gallons  one  foot 
high : 

Cornish  Engines 11.35  cents. 

Holly  Engines 37.80      " 

Worthington  Duplex  Engines S.(i4      '" 

The  report  presented  the  following  eonclu- 
sion  : 

We  are  satisfied  from  knowledge  obtained,  and 
the  comparison  of  statistics  given  above,  that  for  the 
use  intended  in  our  -case,  there  can  be  but  little 
question  which  engine  should  be  selected.  The 
efficiency  of  the  pumping  service  of  a  City  underlies 
the  prosperity,  comfort,  safety  and  health  of  its  in- 
habitants, and  such  efficiency  is  dependent  to  a  great 
extent  upon  the  durability  of  the  engines,  and  their 
freedom  from  accidents;  and  on  these  points,  in  the 
judgment  of  your  committee,  the  Worthington 
Duplex  is  the    most   desirable.         *  *        The 

system  of  pumping  directly  through  the  mains  on 
what  is  known  as  the  Holly  plan  for  fire  purposes,  is 
in  use  in  several  of  the  Cities  visited.  After  a 
thorough  investigation,  and  weighing  all  the  avail- 
able evitlence,  we  are  clearly  of  the  opinion  that  it  is 
not  what  Toledo  wants.  There  remains,  therefore, 
but  tlie  ^-tand-Pipe  system  for  consideration. 

Upon  the  reading  of  the  report  of  the  Special 
Commission  (March  olst),  an  ordinance  was 
passed,  whereby  the  Council  assented  to  the 
action  of  the  Trustees  in  the  choice  of  the 
Stand-Pipe  system,  in  place  of  the  Holly  jilan 
of  Water  Works,  previoush"  adojited  by  the 
Council. 

The  disagreement  between  the  Board  of 
Water  Works  and  the  City  Council  having 
thus  been  removed  by  the  action  of  tlie  latter 
body,  the  former  at  once  proceeded  to  the 
execution  of  their  trust  in  the  construction  of 
the  Works.  These  wei'e  located  on  the  West 
bank  of  the  Maumee  Eiver  and  on  those  parts 
of  lots  lb  and  17,  River  Tract  nine,  lying  be- 
tween Broadway  and  the  River. 

Such  was  the  energetic  prosecution  of  the 
work,  that  on  the  29th  of  December,  187o, 
water  was  delivered  in  the  City,  the  first  being 
received  at  the  store  of  Fred.  Eaton  &  Cora- 
pauj-,  165  and  1U7  Summit  Street. 

The  report  of  the  Trustees  for  1873,  showed 
the  following  expenditures  during  the  3"ear,  in 
the  construction    of  the  Water  Works,  to  wit: 

For  Cast-Iron  Pipes,  various  sizes $178,939  68 

'■    Hyflrants  and  Water  Gates 11,084  OC 

"    Pipe  laying 36,704  80 

■'    Two  Duplex  Pumping  Engines .._  105,000  00 

■'    Building  Stanil-Pipe  (Iron  work) 6,083  00 

■'     Brick  work  on  Stan<l-Pipe,  and  earth  work 4'2,^5'i  00 

"    Brick  work  on  Boiler  House  and  Smoke-stack 8.052  00 

•'  Stone-ma.sonry  on  Boiler-House  and  Stand-Pipe..  35,715  00 

"    Setting  Hydrants  and  Water-Gates 4,974  00 

"    Slaking  Conduit  and  Pump-Well ___ 4,755  08 

"    Furnisliing  and  driving  Piles 2,287,50 

"    Running  Temporary  Engines  one  year 8,750  0{] 

■*    Painting  and  Glazing „ 310  00 

$444,908  56 

J.  D.  Cook,  Chief  Engineer,  in  his  report  of 
same  date,  said  there  were  then  laid  about  nine 
miles  of  pipes  of  the  following  sizes: 

37 


30-inch  Main  pipe 4,880  feet. 

12-inch      "        "    8,699    " 

S-inch      "        "    11,217    " 

0-inch      "        "    21,159    " 

Total 45,941  feet. 

There  were  then  also  sot  anil  connected  witii 
said  pipe,  at  proper  locations  for  efficient  ser- 
vice, 50  fire  hydrants. 

The  first  collection  of  water  rents  was  in 
March,  1874,  and  the  total  of  rsceipts  there- 
from to  December  31,  1874,  was  §4,450,  the 
number  of  connections  then  being  640.  The 
receipts  for  1877  amounted  to  S22.769.60  ;  for 
1881,  §34,178.69;  for  1883,  §41,326.96;  for 
1885,  §50,170.74.  Total  collections  to  Decem- 
ber, 1885,  §340,417.86. 

In  1875,  at  the  request  of  the  Toledo  Board 
of  AVater  Works,  Professor  H.  Douglass,  of 
Michigan  Universitj-,  made  analysis  of  water 
from  the  Maumee  Eiver.  Samples  were  fur- 
nished him  of  this  water  filtered  and  unfiltered. 
This  matter  is  one  so  intimately  associated 
with  botii  convenience  and  the  health  of  resi- 
dents, not  of  Toledo  onl\-,  but  of  the  Maumee 
Vallej',  and  of  others  ujjon  like  water-courses, 
that  it  is  deemed  proper  here  to  reproduce 
some  of  the  results  of  Professor  Douitlass's  ex- 
amination, to  the  end,  that  they  may  in  some 
measure  correct  misapprehensions  as  to  the 
real  nature  of  that  water,  and  thus  aid  in  re- 
moving the  prejudice  based  upon  such  wrong 
notions.  The  Professor  furnished  the  follow- 
ing table,  showing  the  comparative  qualities  of 
water  in  the  several  Cities  named  : 

PURITY  OF  CITY  WATERS. 

Impurities  e.xpressed   in   grains  in  231  cubic  inches,  or  one 
gallon. 


Iiwrganic 
Matter. 

Organic 
Matter. 

Total. 

New  York— Croton.. 

Brooklyn— Ridgewood 

Boston— Cochituate 

Philadelphia— Fairmount .. 

Albany— Hydrant 

Syracuse 

Cleveland— Lake  Erie 

Rochester— Genesee  River.. 

Loudon— Thames  River 

Detroit 

3.90 
38.9.5 
3.37 
3.40 
8.47 
12.13 
4.74 
12.02 
15.  !5 
5  72 
15.35 
16.23 

.66 
4.55 

.59 

.71 
2.31 
1.80 
1.53 
1.23 

.83 

i'ie 
i.ao 

456 
43.50 

3.92 

3.11 
10.78 
13.93 

6.27 
13.35 
16.38 

5  72 

T^i^^      \  Filtered 

16.51 

Toledo  jp^fl^j^^^^  ;;_-;_-_; 

17.63 

Taking  the  average  of  the  Cities  named  above, 
we  have  the  following  results: 

Average  organic  impurities,  other  Cities,  1.421  grains  in  one 
gallon. 

.\verage  inorganic  impurities,  other  Cities,  10.785  grains  in 
one  gallon. 

Average  organic  impurities,  Toledo,  l.lOgrains  in  one  gallon 

.\verage  inorganic  impurities,  Toledo,  15.35  grains  in  one 
gallon. 

Referring  to  the  Maumee  River  water,  the 
Professor  said  : 

The  principal  objections  to  your  water  exist  in  the 
amount  of  organic  matter,  and  earthy  carbonates, 
which  latter  communicate  hardness.    The  mo.st  dam- 


570 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


aging  form  of  organic  matter  found  in  water,  is  that 
01  decaying  nitrogenous  material.  Of  this  there  is 
found  but  very  small  quantity,  as  was  shown  b.v  the 
rapidity  of  action  of  the  permanganate  of  potassium, 
and  the  almost  entire  ahsence  of  nitrates  and  nitrites. 
Even  this  small  quantity  of  decaying  matter  is  mostly 
separated  by  filtration.  The  hardness  also  seems  to 
be  somewhat  reduced  by  the  same  process. 

The  results  of  the  examinutious  then  made, 
were  regarded  as  far  more  favorable  to  the 
Maumeo  water,  than  had  been  e.xpected. 

In  their  report  for  1882,  the  Trustees  state, 
tbat 

The  chemical  analysis  of  our  City  water  proves  it 
to  be  superior  to  that  of  most  Cities,  and  far  better 
than  cistern  water,  or  that  obtained  from  artesian  or 
surface  wells.  During  a  part  of  the  year,  owing  to 
floods,  high  winds,  &c.,  it  is  not  as  clear  as  desirable, 
and  can  onlv  be  used  by  filtration,  which  to  those  of 
limited  means,  proves  burdensome.  To  deliver  at 
all  times  a  more  acceptable  supplv,  is  a  necessity 
that  must  be  apparent  to  all.  We  would  again 
recommend  the  construction  of  an  impounding  or 
settling  reservoir,  to  be  located  in  the  Kiver,  and  near 
the  pumping  station. 

The  report  for  1883  repeats  the  above  recom- 
mendation. 

The  report  of  Consulting  Engineer  J.  D. 
Cook  tor  lb85,  discusses  the  matter  of  quality 
of  the  water  derived  Irom  the  Kiver,  and  two 
new  sources  ot  supply,  as  Ibllows: 

As  instructed  by  resolution  of  your  Board,  I  have 
had  under  very  careful  advisement  the  question  of 
clarifying,  and  to  that  extent  purifying  the  Maumee 
water  by  subsidence;  also,  the  feasiliility  of  the 
policy  suggested  by  your  President,  Mr.  (ieorge  VV. 
Davis,  of  taking  your  supply  from  above  Providence 
Dam,  through  the  Miami  and  Erie  Canal,  in  the 
event  that  the  t^aual  should  be  abandoned  or  dis- 
posed of  by  the  State.  The  large  pool  cau.sed  by  the 
construction  of  Providence  Dam,  constitutes  a  sub- 
siding reservoir  of  no  inconsiderable  dimensions, 
holding  in  store  about  6,500,000,000  gallons  of  water, 
equal  to  a  daily  supply  of  3,500,000  for  over  five  years. 

The  other  project  under  consideration  contem- 
template-s  taking  the  supply  from  the  Easterly  or 
main  channel  of  the  Kiver,  in  the  vicinity  of  Eagle 
Point,  and  above  the  House  of  Kefuge.  In  order  to 
furnish  uniforndy  clear,  acceptable  water  from  either 
source,  large  settling  or  subsiding  reservoirs  will  be 
necessary,  and  after  a  somewhat  thorough  personal 
examination,  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  most 
eligible  and  accessible  site  for  these  reservoirs  can  be 
found  on  the  land  belonging  to  the  City  on  the  oppo- 
site side  of  Broadway,  from  and  near  the  House  of 
Kefuge. 

Plans  and  estimates  ior  the  propositions 
thus  presented,  were  submitted.  Of  the  con- 
dition— present  and  prospective — of  the  Eiver 
water,  Mr.  Cook  said  : 

It  may  seem  paradoxical  to  suggest  that  the  nor- 
mal condition  of  iMaumee  water  is  gradually  improv- 
ing and  becoming  less  objectionable  as  a  source  of 
public  supply— that  the  added  pollution  due  to  the 
increase  of  population  upon  its  water-shed  may  be 
more  than  neutralized  by  the  reclamation  of  its 
forests,  the  destruction  of  wild  vegetation,  etc.  That 
the  immense  system  of  ditching  which  has  been 
carried  on  during  past  several  years,  tends  to  the 


more  prompt  discharge  of  rainfall  into  the  River  and 
its  tributaries— resulting  in  more  rapid  current  and 
more  sudden  and  greater  floods— all  beneticial  in 
thoroughly  and  frequently  cleansing  the  River  chan- 
nel from  the  various  impurities  accumulating  along 
its  shores  during  the  season  of  low  water,  and  less 
rapid  flow.  Tiling,  which  has  been  adopted  as  a 
means  of  underdrainage,  and  even  now  almost  in- 
credibly extensive,  is  destined  to  become  universal 
throughout  the  entire  water-shed  or  drainage  area. 
The  time  will  therefore  doubtless  come  when  these 
countless  little  pipes  will  furnish  a  very  large  per- 
centage of  the  ordinary  River  flow,  with  water  almost 
universally  clear  by  filtration  through  the  soil — the 
organic  impurities,  the  albuminoids,  etc.,  being  re- 
tained in  the  earth  as  the  life-giving  essence  of 
vegetation. 

As  the  resulting  effect  of  above  mentioned  causes, 
we  have  the  visible  and  well-known  fact  that  in  for- 
mer years  the  River  at  many  or  all  points  below 
Miami  Rapids  was  not  infrequently  covered,  during 
the  waruier  Summer  months,  with  an  ofl'ensive  coat- 
ing of  .scum  of  decomposing  organic  matter  drawn 
from  the  water  by  capillary  attraction — conditions 
which  now  very  rarely  (and  never  to  any  great 
extent)  occur.  Superintendent  Cotter's  recent  ex- 
periments in  subsidence  also  clearly  demonstrated 
the  freedom  of  the  water  from  dangerous  organic  im- 
purities— no  tendency  to  stagnation  being  disiernible 
after  storage  in  a  shallow  reservoir  for  nearly  two 
months  during  the  heat  of  Summer,  while  ordinary 
rain  water  from  Summer  rainfall  would  have  devel- 
oped during  one-half  tlie  time,  the  germs  of  animal 
life  and  other  unmistakable  evidences  of  contamina- 
tion. 

The  report  of  the  Trustees  for  1886,  con- 
tained the  following  facts,  indicating  some- 
thing of  the  operation  and  condition  of  the 
Water  Works  at  that  time: 

TOTAL  WATER   MAINS. 

30  inch 15.967  lineal  feet. 

24  "  3,444 

1(5  "  198 

12  "  28,733 

8  "  34,571         " 

6  "  14(3,434 

4  "  44,307 

Total  (51.83  miles) 273,654  lineal  feet. 

No.  of  Meters  in  use 304 

No.  Services 2,399 

No.  of  Hydraulic  Elevators  supplied. ._  92 

Diameter  of  pistons  of  same,  inches 6  to  26 

No.  of  Fire  Hydrants 383 

No.  of  Valves 448 

No.  of  Private  Service  Valves 147 

Collections  from  Water  Rents $53,475  99 

Total  Current  Expense  for  the  year_._  |;21,.543  38 

Gallons  of  Water  Pumped 1,386,395,390 

Daily  Average 3.798,343 

Total  Cost  of  Pumping $11,180  91 

Average  Cost  per  day $30  63 

Total  cost  ._>f  Coal  consumed $4,097  24 

Pounds  of  Coal  for  Pumping 5,063,665 

Average  Pounds  per  day  for  Pumping.  13,845 
Duty  in  Pounds  of  Water  raised  one  foot 

with  100  pounds  of  Coal,  no  deductions  37,340,917 

Average   height  in  Stand-Pipe,  feet 162.83 

Gallons  pumped  at  cost  of  one  cent  for 

fuel 3,383 

Cost  of  raising  one  million  gallons  one 

foot  high,  in  cents $0.0501 

Number  of  hours  and  minutes  for  fire 

purposes 120  h.,  40  m. 


(j-o- 


DRAINAGE.— WATER  SUPPLY.— PARKS. 


571 


Greatest  number  of  gallons  in  one  month  131,147,100 
Least  number  of  gallons  in  one  month  108,707,840 
Average  monthly  pumpage  for  the  year      115,532,949 

ENGINE  EECORD  FOR  THE  LAST  TWELVE  YEARS,  UP  TO 
1887. 


Gallons  of 

Cost  of 

I'otal 

Gallons 

Gallons 

Yeak 

Waler 

Coal 

Cost  of 
Pumping. 

Pimped  at 

Pumped    one 

Pumped 

lier 

Cost  nf  1  cent  foot  high  ivith 

Each  IVar. 

Tun. 

jor  Fuel. 

1  lb.  of  Coal. 

1S75.. 

fiC,:i,781,882 

R40 

$10,375.69 

1,322.58 

46,931 

1.S76.. 

7!10,.il:!,440 

3.93 

11.298.51 

1,521.72 

47,648 

1877.. 

8(l7,'.l!ll,li80 

2.86 

10,639.28 

1,728.18 

39,609 

187S.. 

94S,.511.C«0 

2.33 

10,048.98 

2,128.32 

39,814 

1879 -. 

1.140.ti2.->,640 

i.Si 

10,315.00 

2,352.00 

43,366 

1880.. 

l,l<B,SfiS.50O 

2.4.? 

11,16718 

2,l.'i8.99 

43,595 

1881- 

I,3:i8,8J3,000 

2  21 

11,308.33 

2,536.45 

46,117 

188a.. 

1,843,087.1.56 

2.11^ 

11,615.11 

2,667.27 

45,405 

1883.. 

1..374,704..'i60 

2.07 

12,742.03 

2,709.20 

45.112 

1884.. 

1,320,S:JS).130 

2.17 

12,606.11 

2,586.00 

45,247 

1885.. 

1,305,146,940 

1.89 

11,719.30 

3,061.34 

46,072  18 

1886.. 

1,386,395,390 

1.55 

11,180.91 

3,383.00 

44,774.29 

Duty  in  pntindx  of  Watn- 

Cost  of  Coal 

Cost  of  raising 

raised  1  font  high,  iritli 
1  pound' of  liitumiiiuus 

(n   rutstnrt 

Year. 

1,111)0,000  gal- 

\Vntcr\ft  high, 

Coal,  no  deductimi. 

lons    1  foot 

all  Pumping  f.j. 

high,  in  cts. 

penses  included. 

1873 

393,742  Lump  Coal. 

$0.0450 

$  0.0950 

1876 

398,3.53      " 

0.0403 

0.0870 

1877 

329,756  Nut 

0.0362 

0.0830 

1878 

331,654       " 

0.(312 

0.0672 

1879 

361,692      " 

0.0260 

0.0554 

1880 

363,999      " 

0.0288 

0.0.577 

1881 

384,424      " 

0.0246 

0.0528 

1882 

378,322      " 

0.0233 

0.0577 

1S83 

376,228      " 

0.0324 

0.0576 

1884 

377.781       " 

0.0240 

0.0.=>96 

1886 

384,242      " 

0.0203 

0.0542 

18S6 

373,409      " 

0.0185 

0.0500 

The  machinery  now  in  use  includes  two 
Worthingtou  Compound  Condensing  Dujjjex 
Pumping  Engines,  with  capacity  of  5,00(1,000 
gallons  each  per  24  hours;  and  one  Knowles 
Engine  of  same  description,  with  capacity  of 
7,000,000  gallons  per  24  hours  ;  making  a  total 
daily  capacity  of  17,000,000  gallons.  In  con- 
nection with  these,  are  eight  Return  Tubular 
Boilers,  63  inches  in  diameter  and  16  feet  in 
length. 


JOSIAH  D.  COOK,  is  recognized  as  promi- 
nent among  the  Civil  Engineers  of  the  West. 
Although  for  more  than  25  years  a  resident  of 
Toledo,  and  closely  identified  with  its  interests, 
his  field  of  operation  lor  a  large  portion  of  that 
time  has  covered  several  States  in  the  West  and 
Southwest.  His  great-grandfiither  (a  sturdy 
Quaker)  came  from  England  and  settled  in 
Virginia,  as  a  farmer,  where  he  died.  A  son, 
Wright  Cook,  removed  to  Warren  County,  Ohio, 
late  in  the  18th  centuiy,  and  about  1816,  set 
tied  in  Indiana,  where  he  ended  his  days. 
One  of  his  sous,  Thomas  P.  (born  in  Virginia 
in  1802),  made  Warren  County  his  home.  Here 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born,  April  26, 
1830,  being  the  third  of  five  children.  The 
mother  was  drowned  in  the  Mississinewa  River, 
together  with  her  youngest  son,  in  1843,  and 
the  father  died  from  accident,  in  1881,  at  the 


age  of  77  years.  The  household  being  broken 
up,  Josiah,  then  13  j-ears  old,  sought  employ- 
ment for  his  own  support.  Witliout  much 
school  education,  he  engaged  for  a  time  with  a 
farmer  in  the  neighborhood  ;  but  soon  con- 
cluded to  be  a  Printer,  and  entered  a  printing 
office  at  Jonesboro,  Indiana,  as  ajiprentice, 
working  there  and  thereabouts  until  1849, 
when,  with  his  small  savings,  ho  began  the 
publication  of  the  Western  Union,  at  Marion. 
While  conducting  that  paper,  he  read  law^  with 
Judge  John  M.  Wallace.  Neither  journalism 
nor  law  suiting  him,  in  1850  he  took  his  first 
lessons  in  civil  engineering,  as  chain  and  rod 
man  in  the  survey  of  the  line  of  the  Indianaj5- 
olis,  Peru  and  Chicago  Railroad.  At  the  end  of 
four  years  he  had  attained  to  the  grade  of  Civil 
Engineer,  and  engaged  as  Chief  Engineer  of 
the  Marion  and  Mississinewa  Valley  Railroad 
(now  of  the  Pan  Handle  System).  He  soon  be- 
came associated  in  the  organization  of  the 
Grand  Rapids  and  Indiana  Railroad  Company, 
of  which  he  was  made  the  Cliief  Engineer  of 
Construction,  conducting  all  its  surve3S,  for  a 
time  superintending  its  construction,  and  lo- 
cating a  million  acres  of  land  granted  to  the 
Company  by  the  United  States,  traveling  on 
foot  extensively  in  Northern  Michigan.  That 
enterprise  becoming  seriously  embarrassed 
during  the  financial  ])rostration  following  the 
panic  of  1857,  he  withdrew  from  the  same  in 
1859  ;  and  foreseeing  protracted  susjiension  of 
Railroad  building,  turned  his  attention  to  other 
business.  In  March,  1861,  he  came  to  Toledo, 
and  engaged  in  the  Produce  Commission  trade, 
ill  connection  with  Vincent  Hamilton.  At  the 
close  of  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  he  resumed 
his  former  business,  by  becoming  the  Engineer 
of  the  Smith  Bridge  Company  of  Toledo.  The 
same  year  (1865),  he  was  appointed  Chief  En- 
gineer of  the  Mansfield,  Coldwater  and  Lake 
Michigan  Railroad,  continuing  such  connection 
until  1873.  The  same  j-ear  Mr.  Cook  made  an 
important  change  in  his  business  by  turning 
his  attention  wholly  to  Water  Works  construc- 
tion. His  first  engagement  of  that  kind,  was 
as  Chief  Engineer  of  the  Toledo  City  Water 
Works,  the  construction  of  which  was  done 
under  his  supervision,  and  the  substantial  char- 
acter of  which  yet  remains  and  will  long  con- 
tinue a  monument  to  his  skill  and  attentive 
watchfulness.  He  was  in  charge  of  these  Works 
for  four  years  alter  their  completion  ;  at  the 
same  time  and  afterwards  acting  as  Consulting 
Engineer  for  like  works  at  Sanduskj-,  Fre- 
mont, Springfield,  Hamilton,  Bellelontaine, 
Clyde,  Norwalk  and  other  Cities  in  Ohio;  at 
Fort  Wayne,  Peru  and  Marion,  Indiana  ;  at 
Omaha,  Nebraska  ;  at  Atlantic  City,  New  Jer- 
sey ;  and  at  Freeport,  Illinois.  Subsequently, 
he  was  identified  with  the  construction  and  re- 
construction of  Water  Works  systems  at  other 
points,  including  Savannah,  Georgia  ;  New  Or- 
leans, Louisiana  ;  Lexington,  Kentucky ;  Nash- 


572 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


villeand  Jackson, Tennessee ;  Emiioria, Kansas ; 
Beatrice  and  Plattsmouth,  Nebraska;  Kacine, 
Wisconsin ;  Lima  and  Ravenna,  Ohio;  Hills- 
dale, Michigan  ;  and  Quincy,  Illinois.  Beside 
these,  he  has  furnished  the  designs  for  like 
works  for  Galveston,  Texas,  and  executed  iiu- 
portant  contracts  for  sewerage  and  other  sani- 
tary work  in  Hillsdale  and  Jackson,  Michigan. 
He  is  now  (1887)  acting  as  Consulting  Engineer 
for  Boston  parties,  whose  operations  embrace 
the  construction  of  Water  Works  in  various 
portions  of  the  country.  The  first  large  stand- 
pipe  in  connection  with  Water  Works  con- 
structed in  the  world  was  the  one  at  Sandusky, 
under  Mr.  Cook's  direction.  The  record  thus 
presented  well  indicates  the  success  which  has 
attended  the  superior  talents  and  self-reliant 
energy  of  the  farmer  boy  of  Warren  County. 
Still  in  the  prime  of  active  life,  with  added  skill 
and  matured  experience,  his  course  of  success 
is  yet  onward.  He  was  married  at  Marion, 
Indiana,  in  1854,  with  Miss  Eliza  Jane,  daugh- 
ter of  Samuel  McClure,  one  of  the  pioneers  of 
that  section.  They  have  two  children — Charles 
M.,  now  Engineer  of  Maintenance  of  Way 
of  Norfolk  and  Western  Eailway  (Norfolk, 
Virginia,  to  Bristol,  Tennessee);  and  Miss 
Nellie,  temporarily  residing  in  Europe,  and  re- 
cently graduated  at  Imperial  Conservatory  of 
Music,  at  Vienna,  Austria. 

PUBLIC  PARKS. 

The  matter  of  Public  Parks  was  not  seriously 
discussed  in  Toledo  until  18ti5,  at  which  time 
Judge  Noah  H.  Swayne,  since  deceased,  pro- 
posed to  sell  to  the  City  the  tract  of  43  acres 
lying  on  Monroe  Street  and  between  Woodruff 
and  Collingwood  Avenues.  His  offer  was  to 
take  City  bonds  in  amount  of  $50,000,  on  20 
years'  time  at  six  per  cent,  interest.  The 
matter  was  before  the  City  Council,  with  fair 
prospect  of  adoption,  when  local  jealousy  on  the 
part  of  members  representing  Wards  distant 
from  the  grounds  involved  and  other  influences 
controlled  votes  enough  to  defeat  the  proposi- 
tion. The  result  at  the  time  was  a  surprise 
and  was  generally  regarded  as  a  public  mis- 
fortune, a  view  which  since  has  been  abund- 
antly justified,  The  location  was  more  central 
than  any  other  land  availalile,  while  the  price 
was  very  moderate.  The  tract  soon  there- 
after was  platted   by   Judge  Swayne  and   has 


since  been  nearly  all  sold  and  improved,  and 
now  constitutes  one  of  the  most  valuable  and 
attractive  parts  of  the  City.  The  estimated 
market  value  of  the  tract  at  this  time  (No- 
vember, 1887),  exclusive  of  improvements,  is 
$430,850,  or  $10,019  per  acre  ;  against  $50,000 
for  the  tract,  or  $1,128  per  acre,  for  which 
Judge  Swayne  offered  to  sell  it  to  the  City  22 
years  ago. 

In  1871  the  City  bought  of  Peter  Lenk  the 
block  of  land  bounded  by  Nebraska  Avenue, 
Lenk  Street,  Elizabeth  Street  and  the  Alley 
which  is  a  continuation  of  Blum  Street,  which 
was  set  apart  for  public  use  and  is  now  known 
as  City  Park.  In  1873  lots  354  and  370,  in- 
clusive, in  Lenk's  Addition  to  Toledo,  were 
purchased  by  the  City  of  H.  S.  Walbridge, 
when  the  Alley  between  these  and  the  block 
above  mentioned  was  vacated  and  said  lots 
added  to  the  Park. 

What  is  known  as  the  House  of  Eefuge 
proijerty,  consisting  of  47  acres  of  lot  No.  9, 
Comstock's  Subdivision  of  Eiver  tracts  12  and 
13,  on  which  the  House  of  Refuge,  burned  in 
1886,  was  located,  has  been  turned  over  to  the 
care  of  the  Park  Commissioners,  for  use  as  a 
Park.     It  is  valued  at  $80,000. 

Some  years  ago  the  City  vacated  Ontario 
Street  adjoining  the  Court  House  grounds  and 
turned  the  same,  with  the  adjoining  portion  of 
the  old  Canal  bed,  ovfer  to  the  County,  as  an 
extension  of  the  Court  House  grounds,  upon 
the  condition  that  the  County  and  City  should 
own  in  common  the  entire  lands  thus  united, 
the  same  to  be  used  for  j)ublic  buildings  and  for 
park  purposes. 

Some  years  ago  the  City  purchased  the  tri- 
angular lot  bounded  by  Orange,  Huron  and 
Beach  Streets,  which  is  now  open  for  public 
use. 

A  plot  similar  to  the  one  last  mentioned,  in 
the  Swayne  tract,  is  owned  by  the  City. 

At  the  April  City  election  in  188G  was  sub- 
mitted to  the  electors  the  question  of  bonding 
the  City  for  $500,000,  for  the  purchase  of 
grounds  for  park  purposes,  which  was  rejected 
by  a  very  decisive  majority. 

The  estimated  value  of  the  property  above 
mentioned  is  $163,000. 

The  Parks  of  the  City  are  in  charge  of  a  Board 
of  Commissioners,  consisting  (in  1887)  of  C.  L. 
Young  (President),  Otto  Schroeder  and  James 
Winans. 


CHAPTER    IV. 


CHOLERA. DEOUTH. MESMERISM. EPIZOOTT. 


THE  Cholera  appeared  in  Toledo  about  June 
1, 1854.  Between  that  date  and  July  6th, 
130  deathR  Croni  that  disease  occurred.  Of  these, 
34  cases  were  in  what  was  then  known  as 
"  Utah,"  and  now  East  Toledo,  or  the  Sixth 
Ward  of  Toledo.  The  great  body  of  the  de- 
ceased were  strangers,  largely  foreigners  but 
recently  arrived  in  this  country.  Of  the  130, 
112  were  buried  in  the  City  Cemetery — 11  in 
private  lots  and  101  in  the  Potter's  Field.  It 
was  officially  reported  that  in  a  large  majority 
of  the  cases,  no  attention  had  been  paid  to  the 
premonitory  symptoms  of  the  disease,  tbe 
patients  having  been  past  recovery  before 
being  known  to  the  authorities.  Tbe  victims 
were  huddled  together  in  close  and  pestilential 
quarters ;  and  even  when  in  way  of  recovery, 
they  were  guilty  of  gross  imjjrudence,  and 
neglect  and  thus  subjected  to  fatal  relapse.  A 
largo  portion  of  the  cases  were  those  just  ar- 
rived here,  with  the  germ  of  the  disease  already 
planted  in  their  systems.  A  colon}' of  German 
immigrants  then  recently  arrived,  suffered 
largely.  Between  July  6th  and  July  26th,  109 
deaths  from  cholera  occurred,  averaging  6  per 
day,  and  ranging  from  1  to  13  daily.  Between 
July  26th  and  September  Ist,  88  deaths  occur- 
red, at  which  latter  date  the  disease  had  ceased 
its  ravages.  The  aggregate  mortality  of  the 
season  was  327.  The  peculiarities  as  to  sub- 
jects of  its  fatality  continued  throughout,  there 
having  been  comparatively  few  deaths  among 
the  classes  of  residents  who  were  careful  in 
diet  and  habits  and  prompt  and  judicious  in 
the  employment  of  remedies.  All  the  condi- 
tions considered,  it  is  safe  to  state,  that  the 
prevalence  of  the  disease  in  Toledo  at  that 
time  was  not  due  so  much  to  local  causes  exist- 
ing here,  as  to  the  condition  and  habits  of 
those  who  happened  to  be  here  when  attacked 
by  tlie  disease.  In  saying  this,  however,  it  is 
not  to  be  understood  that  general  cleanli- 
ness and  other  proper  hygienic  conditions  are 
not  potent  in  averting  and  modifying  the 
ravages  of  that  as  of  other  fatal  diseases. 

At  that  time,  the  population  of  Toledo  was 
about  8,000 — showing  the  proportion  of  deaths 
to  population  to  have  been  one  to  44 ;  a  rate, 
which,  though  a  sad  one,  was  far  below  the 
mortality  in  other  Cities  from  the  same  dis- 
ease. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  persons  who 
died  of  Cholera  at  that  time,  so  far  as  the  same 
could  be  prepared  at  the  time : 


John  Abell,  Mr.  Buttermeyer's  child,  Christian 
Buger,  Henry  Bruman,  Harriet  Burrows  and  child, 
Josephine  Burrows,  Robert  Banlield,  John  Binger, 
Sophia  Binger,  Stephen  Berri,  John  Bloner,  Cath- 
erine Bartley,  James  Bridges,  Chauncy  Birch,  Mrs. 
Burger,  Mary  Burger,  Mary  A.  Beekman,  Joseph 
Brandt,  John  Brandt,  Christian  Bower,  John  Baker, 
John  Collins,  John  Collamer,  John  Conlisk,  John  B. 

Clark   Jr.,    Mrs.   W.  Conwell,    Cellar,   Gerald 

Crosthausen,  Henry  Carl,  Ocellina  Ceuft,  Francis 
Connell,  John  Dainscroder,  Mrs.  Dainscroder,  Gilbert 
Douglass,  Fred.  Duba,  Mary  Doherty,  Michael  Daily, 
Michael  Daugherty,  Joseph  Druilberger,  John  W. 
Engle,  Eitel  Christian,  Mrs.  Flynn,  Geo.  Fanster- 
macher,  Geo.  Frainks,  Anna  Fanncunn,  Mr.  Fitz- 
patrick's  child,  John  Fox,  Mary  Ferrell,  Mrs.  John 
Fox,  Geo.  Frike,  James  Farnell,  Edward,  Mary  and 
Caroline  Fitzgerald,  Adolph  Fademan,  Wm.  Growe, 
John  Glann,  Henry  Glador,  Anthony  Grundmar, 
Parley  Gates,  Philander  Gates,  John  Gladey,  Mrs. 
Glade'y,  Mary  Gallagher,  W.  H.  Hall,  John  Hulce, 
Jacob  Hupp,  Barbara  Hinkler,  Mary  Harbaum, 
Louisa  Haselbeck,  Mrs.  P.  Hoflman,  John  Holbert, 
Jos.  Hartman,  Catharine  Hider,  Augustus  Hu.selrerse, 
L.  Holmes,  Mary  Higgins,  Ama  Heimlicher,  Fred- 
ericka  Hosseldes,  Mr.  Hulse's  child,  Mrs.  Halkert, 
Elizabeth  Heidman,  Heni-y  Z.  Hendauz,  IMary  Hulse, 
Geo.  Jennings,  John  Jay,  Mary  Jennings,  John  Ja- 
cobus, John  Jeffrey,  McLynn  Kraff,  Wm.  Kaluker, 
Patrick  King,  Michael  Kennedy,  Dominick  Klyne, 
Bridget  Kane,  Mrs.  Kingsbury,  Jane  Kelley,  Eliza- 
beth Knapp,  Lewis  Lambert  and  wife,  Herbert  Les- 
lie, Chas.  Lindsey,  John  Link,  Elizabeth  Leezen, 
Joseph  Loibel,  Chai'les  Leezen,  Chas.  Lorans,  Michael 
McCarty,  Mrs.  Mariorty,  Margaret  INIulchy,  Timothy 
Mahony,  Fred.  Meisner,  Dodd  Mildab,  John  Moser, 
John  McKay,  Henry  Mulcherfer,  Margaret  O'Hearn, 
John  O'Neil,  Yodelipp  Ousel,  John  L.  Peck,  Caroline 
Fredericka,  Sophia,  John,  Francis  and  Frederick 
Piper  (the  entire  family);  Henry  Peck,  S.  L.  Pasko, 
John  Koland,  Jacob  Roland,  Robert  M.  Roberts, 
Wm.  Rolling,  Martin  Rinker,  Laurence  Ragan,  The- 
resa Relin,  Wm.  Radclifl",  Merine  Satlice,  Hannah 
Swaton,  Jerome  Stroup,  Fred.  Stahl,  Patrick  Schahon, 
Mary  A.  Spackford,  Mary  Sanger,  Fred.  Shafer,  Se- 
line  Swift,  Mary  Schrouder,  Mrs.  Susan  Strong,  John 
Sheen.  David  Shriver,  Caroline  Saxton,  Louisa  Sax- 
ton,  Philip  Shrouder,  Dohann  Sachou,  Christ.  Trot- 
ter, Joseph  Trotter,  Caroline  Trust,  Elizabeth  Vael- 
bel,  Cohn  Vincent,  Wife  and  Child,  Mrs.  Welsh, 
Mary  A.  Waggoner,  James  Whybrow,  Mrs.  Mary 
Wilson,  Emma  L.  Wilkison,  Wm.  Whittier,  Herman 
Woonsiuk,  Casper  Waite. 

As  indicated  by  their  names,  the  deceased 
were  largely  Germans. 

THE  DROUTH  OF  1S3S. 

The  most  extreme  drouth  known  in  the  his- 
tory of  Toledo  was  that  of  1838 — commencing 
in  mid-Summer  and  continuing  till  mid- 
Autumn.  Some  of  the  features  and  attendant 
facts  of  that  occasion  have  permanent   inter- 


[573J 


574 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


est.  Dr.  Daniel  Drake,  an  old  and  highly  in- 
telligent Physician  of  Cincinnati,  spent  some 
time  here  in  1842,  and  furnished  the  following 
statement  of  the  memorable  drouth  of  1838: 

The  Summer  and  Autumn  of  1838  were  signalized 
by  a  drouth  of  longer  duration  and  geographical  ex- 
tent than  had  heen  experienced  from  the  first  settle- 
ment of  the  country.  It  extended  from  the  River 
Raisin,  or  some  point  furtlier  North,  round  to  the 
head  of  the  Huron  River,  on  the  South  side 
of  Lake  Eric,  if  not  still  further  East.  The  country, 
quite  up  to  the  swirces  of  all  the  Rivers  lying  between 
the  Raisin  and  the  Huron,  suffered  in  nearly  equal 
degree  under  its  withering  influence.  On  the  Bay 
and  Estuary  of  the  Maumee,  according  to  Professor 
Ackley,  norain  fell  from  the  third  day  of  July  until 
the  15th  of  October.  Drs.  Calvin  Smith  and  George 
R.  Perkins  of  Toledo  reckoned  its  duration  at  four 
months.  In  the  upper  Valley  of  the  Sandusky  River, 
as  Judge  John  Carey  informed  me,  the  last  rain  was 
on  the  17th  of  May, "after  which  none  occurred  until 
October.  At  Tiffin,  lower  on  the  same  River,  the 
wells  went  dry  before  the  middle  of  July.  All  the 
smaller  streams  throughout  the  whole  region  were 
exhausted,  and  their  beds  became  dusty.  Wild  ani- 
mals of  every  kind  found  in  that  region,  collected  on 
the  banks  of  the  larger  Rivers,  and  even  approached 
the  Towns.  Deer  and  Raccoons  were  numerous  be- 
tween Toledo  and  Maumee  City  ;  Quails  passed  over 
the  Town  plat ;  and  Frogs  of  the  shallow  and  sedgy 
waters  of  the  old  bed  of  Swan  Creek,  now  dried  up, 
migrated  in  countless  numbers  through  the  Streets  of 
Toledo  to  the  Maumee  River.  The  wet  prairies  of 
the  interior  were  dried,  and  the  grass  of  the  dried 
ones  withered ;  the  marshes  and  pools  of  the  post- 
tertiary  uplands ;  even  those  of  the  Black  Swamp, 
from  the  Maumee  to  Sandusky  River,  were  evapor- 
ated, their  bottoms  cracked  open  from  shrinking,  the 
leaves  of  many  of  the  treesgrowinginthem  perished, 
and,  in  some  instances,  the  trees  themselves  were 
killed.  Under  this  great  drying  process  it  was,  that 
the  ordinary  Autumnal  fever  was  raised  into  such  an 
epidemic  as  never  was  known  before.  But  its  sway 
was  not  equal  in  all  parts  of  the  region  in  which  the 
drouth  prevailed.  The  excavation  of  the  Canal  was 
at  that  time  going  on  from  its  mouth  at  Manhattan, 
to  its  head  at  Maumee.  The  laborers,  400  or  500  in 
number, 'were  chiefly  Irish,  who  generally  lodged  in 
temporary  shanties,  while  some  occupied  bowers 
formed  with  green  limbs  of  trees.  It  does  not  appear 
that  a  greater  proportion  of  these  operators  suffered 
than  of  the  resident  population  ;  but  a  far  greater 
proportion  died.  Professor  Ackley  mentions  a  cir- 
cumstance which  deserves  to  be  recorded.  One  Canal 
contractor  kept  a  liquor  store  and  sold  whisky  to  all 
whom  he  employed,  which  was  freely  drank  by 
themselves  and  their  families.  The  mortality  among 
these  was  very  great.  Another  contractor  lodged  his 
operators  on  straw-beds,  in  the  upper  room  of  a  large 
frame  house  ;  made  them  retire  eai-ly  ;  kejit  them 
from  the  use  of  whisky  ;  and  nearly  all  escaped  dis- 
ease. The  occurrence  of  rain  about  the  middle  of 
October,  with  subsequent  frost,  put  an  end  to  the 
epidemic. 

It  is  within  the  memory  of  some  yet  living, 
that  the  season  of  1838  was  the  most  fatal  from 
disease  in  the  history  of  Toledo  and  the  Mau- 
mee Valley. 

The  drouth  of  1867  in  Northern  Ohio  was 
remarkable.  Tiie  aggregate  water-fall  of  June, 
July,  August  and  September,  at  Toledo,  was 
8.42  inches,  against  18.29  in  18G0 ;  27.61,  in 
1865;  and  an  average  of  15.59  for  same  period 


in  that  and  six  preceding  years.  At  Kelley's 
Island  the  fall  was  5.80  inches,  against  an  aver- 
age of  12.29  for  the  nine  preceding  years.  The 
thermometrical  mean  in  both  localities  was 
about  the  average  of  former  years. 

REPORT  ON   MESMERISM. 

During  the  year  1842,  as  before  and  after- 
wards, considerable  popular  interest  was  taken 
in  the  science  of  Mesmerism,  or  Animal  Mag- 
netism, as  sometimes  called,  whereby  with 
manipulations,  one  person  was  understood  to 
secure  and  maintain  a  certain  degree  of  mental 
control  over  another.  In  December  of  that 
year,  a  Professor  of  that  science  by  the  name  of 
De  Bonneville,  visited  Toledo,  and  for  a  time 
occupied  the  attention  of  the  people,  command- 
ing the  credence  of  many,  while  others  were 
incredulous.  The  Blade,  in  setting  forth  the 
Professor's  claims,  said  he  would  "  fasten  one 
to  the  floor  by  a  motion  of  his  finger,  paralj'ze 
his  arm  by  an  exertion  of  the  will  ;  and  bring 
on  an  attack  of  the  ajjoplexy,  by  a  single 
glance  of  the  eye.  All  these  and  more,  can  this 
mighty  Magician  perform,  without  contact, 
without  speech,  and  simply  by  a  ftiotion  of  the 
finger,  or  a  glance  of  the  eye,  or  the  exercise  of 
the  will."  Finallj'  the  Professor  requested  that 
a  committee  of  citizens  should  examine  his 
experiments  in  Animal  Magnetism,  and  more 
especially  in  Clairvoyance,  and  report  the  re- 
sult. This  committee  consisted  of  Hezekiah 
D.  Mason,  James  Myers,  Caleb  F.  Abbott,  Dr. 
Calvin  Smith,  Rev.  Geo.  R.  Haswell,  Dr.  Geo. 
R.  Perkins,  Charles  W.  Hill,  Daniel  McBain 
(then  editor  of  the  Blade),  Keman  Walbridge, 
and  George  B.  Way — a  combination  of  general 
and  scientific  intelligence,  which  Toledo  then 
could  hardly  have  duplicated.  These  gentle- 
men attended  tiie  exjieriments  of  the  Professor 
on  three  different  days,  giving  their  closest 
candid  attention  thereto.  In  their  report,  they 
state  that  every  attempt  made  by  the  operator, 
mainly  with  "subjects"  who  traveled  with 
him,  he  entirely  failed  to  sustain  his  claims. 
The  Committee  declared  that  "  no  evidence 
going  to  prove  the  truth  of  Clairvoyance  had 
been  adduced  before  them,  although  they 
waited  with  patience  upon  Professor  Bon- 
neville through  all  the  tests  and  experiments 
which  he  proposed."  Upon  the  physical 
effects  of  Somnambulism  they  did  not  feel 
called  to  report,  that  being  a  branch  of  the  sub- 
ject not  submitted  to  them. 

The  effect  of  this  report  was  an  early  subsi- 
dence of  public  interest  in  mesmel-ism. 

EPIZOOTY. 

The  disease  of  horses,  known  as  Epizooty, 
prevailed  at  Toledo  in  November,  1872,  to  a 
serious  extent.  The  prevailing  sj'mptoms 
were  sore  throat,  irritation  of  the  nasal  pas- 
sages, purulent  discharges,  weakness  and  ema- 


EPIZOOTY. 


675 


ciation.  There  was  comparatively  little  of 
dropsical  affection  attendant  on  the  disease  as 
described.  So  prevalent  was  the  disorder  for 
some  days,  that  business  was  scriouslj'  inter- 
rupted. All  regular  lines  of  horse-travel  were 
suspended,  with  but  few  vehicles  on  the  streets. 
Shipments  of  goods  by  wholesale  dealers  and 
others  were  largely  delayed,  and  some  houses 
resorted  to  the  use  of  oxen  for  such  purpose. 
The  Street  Eailways  suffered  much  —  the 
Adams  Street  Road  being  suspended  entirely 
and  the  Summit  Sti-eet  line  having  but  four 
well  horses.  A  public  meeting  was  held  at 
the  Board  of  Trade  Rooms,  for  the  purpose  of 
devi.sing  a  substitute  for  horse-power  in  con- 
nection with  the  Fire  Depai'tment,  at  which 
the  City  Council  was  requested  to  employ  100 


men,  to  perform  duty  at  night  in  nnanning  the 
fire  engines  during  the  prevalence  of  the 
horse  disease.  It  was  calculated  that  40  men 
would  be  found  necessary  for  the  movement  of 
each  Steamer.  In  accordance  with  a  sugges- 
tion \>y  this  meeting,  the  citizens  of  the  several 
Wards  met  on  the  evening  of  November  21st, 
and  made  more  or  less  of  organization  for  vol- 
unteer assistance  of  the  Fire  Department.  The 
City  Council  ap]jroved  such  action  by  the  citi- 
zens, and  authorized  the  purchase  of  one  j-oke 
of  oxen,  and  the  employment  of  as  many  men 
as  the  Chief  of  the  Fire  Department  should 
find  neces.'<ary.  Fortunately,  the  call  for  such 
help  in  that  direction  was  very  small,  the  City 
being  almost  wholly  exempt  from  fires  during 
the  prevalence  of  the  distemper. 


PART    VIII. 

RELIGIOUS  AND   BENEVOLBNT. 


CHAPTEE    I. 


F.AKLT   MISSION    WOEK    ON    THE    MADMEE    RIVER. 


PROTESTANT  Missionary  Work  in  the 
Maumee  Yalle^',  without  doubt,  was  in- 
augurated in  1802,  when  Rev.  I).  Bacon,  under 
the  auspices  of  the  Connecticut  Missionary  So- 
ciety, visited  the  West.  April  29th,  of  that 
year,  he  left  Detroit  with  two  companions  in  a 
canoe  for  the  Maumee  River,  and  was  five  days 
in  making  tlie  trip.  He  found  here  a  good  in- 
terpreter, William  Dragoo,  who  had  been  with 
the  Indians  since  his  10th  year.  Upon  arrival 
at  the  mouth  of  the  River  he  found  most  of  the 
Chiefs  drunk  at  a  trading  post  above,  and  con- 
cluded to  pass  on  to  Fort  Miami,  where  he 
stored  his  tilings.  The  next  day  he  returned 
to  the  mouth  of  the  River,  where  most  of  the 
Chiefs  were  yet  drunk,  although  Little  Otter, 
the  Head-Chief,  was  in  a  better  condition,  to 
whom  his  mission  was  made  known,  when  he 
replied  in  friendly  terms,  promising  that  at  an 
eai'ly  date  Mr.  Bacon  should  have  a  hearing 
with  the  tribe.  When  the}'  had  in  a  measure 
sobered,  a  child  died,  which  led  to  another 
drunken  time.  Tired  of  waiting,  Mr.  B.  started 
up  the  River  for  provisions,  and  that  night 
camped  about  five  miles  li-om  the  month  of  the 
River,  near  the  Indian  dancing  ground,  which 
was  probably  between  what  are  now  Elm 
and  Buffalo  Streets,  Toledo,  which  at  that  time 
was  a  favorite  resort  of  the  Indians  for  racing 
and  sports  of  various  sorts,*  Mr.  Bacon  was 
invited  within  these  grounds,  which  he  "  found 
upon  a  beautiful  bluff  on  the  bank  of  the  River." 
The  turf  had  been  removed  from  the  dancing 
ground,  which  was  about  20x40  feet  in  size. 
In  the  middle  stood  a  red  post,  with  a  white 
feather  on  the  top,  around  which  the  conjurers 
took  their  stand,  they  seeming  to  be  the  musi- 
cians for  the  dancers  whirling  about  them.  On 
each  side  were  bark  roofs,  under  which  the 
fatigued  Indians  rested  and  smoked  their  pipes. 
This  was  the  annual  Spring  "conjuration 
dance,"  celebrated  on  return  from  the  Winter's 
hunting.  This  practice,  in  connection  with 
whisky,  was  having  a  very  demoralizing  in- 
fluence on  the  Indians.  The  leaders  of  the 
dance,  or  conjurers,  were  called  "  Doctors," 
whose  power  lor  evil  with  the  Indians  was  very 
strong,  inasmuch  as  they  claimed  to  be  able  to 
propitiatethe  EvilSpirit.  The  Indians, asarule, 
recognize  both  a  Good  Spirit  and  a  Bad  Spirit, 
but  their  attention  is  chieflj'  directed  to  the 
bad  one,  for  the  reason  that,  unless  propitiated 

*  A  view  of  the  locality  referred  to  is  given  else- 
where in  this  volume,  as"  Toledo  in  1800." 


he  will  injure  them  ;  whereas,  they  are  safe 
from  harm  from  the  Good  Spirit.  On  the  14th 
of  May  Mr.  Bacon  finally  got  a  hearing  by  the 
Indians  at  the  mouth  of  the  River,  when  he 
laid  before  them  the  object  of  his  visit.  In  do- 
ing this  he  said  : 

Before  I  began  the  address,  I  marked  out  on  the 
ground  a  map  of  Lake  Erie,  the  States  of  New  York 
and  Connecticut — divided  the  latter  into  Towns,  and 
described  a  great  house  in  the  middle  of  each,  where 
our  people  met  to  worship  God,  and  hear  his  minis- 
ters— described  another  at  Hartford  for  the  General 
Association  ;  and,  for  convenience,  another  at  New 
Haven  for  the  Legislature,  and  a  still  greater  one  at 
the  City  of  Washington  for  Congress.  This  excited 
their  curiosity,  and  served  to  give  them  an  idea  of 
Connecticut,  the  number  of  our  ministers,  and  the 
regularity  of  our  Towns  ;  and  it  helped  them  to  un- 
derstand those  parts  of  the  address  which  spake  of 
the  General  Association,  the  Missionary  Society,  and 
the  Legislature.  And  it  helped  me,  likewise,  to  give 
them  a  more  just  idea  of  the  importance  of  the  diBer- 
ent  characters  which  compose  the  honorable  Board 
of  Trustees,  as  I  could  point  them  to  the  great  houses 
to  which  the  different  civilians  belonged  ;  and  tell 
them  what  important  stations  they  held  in  them.  I 
informed  them  that  the  other  six  were  as  great  in  the 
ministry.  1  had  taken  care  before  this  to  let  them 
know  that  1  had  a  written  recommendation  from  one 
of  the  great  Chief  Warrior?  of  the  United  States.  1  was 
the  more  particular  with  respect  to  such  characters, 
as  they  feel  the  most  dependent  on  these,  and  have 
the  greatest  respect  for  them.  At  the  conclusion  of 
the  address,  1  observed  to  them,  that  if  their  patience 
was  not  exhausted,  1  should  be  glad  if  they  would 
hear  what  I  had  to  say  to  them.  And  as  they  readily 
complied,  and  seemed  to  pay  better  attention,  I  de- 
livered them  a  pretty  lengthy  speech,  in  which  I 
carefully  noticed  every  thing  of  importance  that  ap- 
peared to  me  to  be  to  the  purpose.  Supposing  that 
they  might  want  to  know  why  we  had  not  sent  them 
a  minister  befoi"e,  since  we  were  so  urgent  to  have 
them  receive  one  then,  I  informed  them  we  had  been 
prevented  by  wars,  by  a  want  of  ministers,  and  by 
their  living  at  such  a  great  distance  from  us,  but  that 
we  had  sent  ministers  to  the  other  Indian  Nations 
who  lived  nearer  to  us. 

Having  heard  of  four  objections  which  Isupposed 
they  stood  ready  to  offer,  I  brought  them  up  and  an- 
swered them.  The  first  objection  was,  that  our  re- 
ligion was  not  designed  for  Indians.  In  answering 
this,  I  avaded  myself  of  the  declarations  and  promises 
of  Scripture  to  the  contrary,  and  the  command  of 
Christ,  to  preacli  it  to  every  creature  (which  I  told 
them  I  could  show  them)  and  the  success  which  he 
had  given  to  the  ministry. 

The  second  objection  that  I  noticed  was,  that  our 
religion  was  not  good  for  them.  In  reply  to  this.  I 
showed  them  what  effects  it  would  have  on  their 
children— on  their  young  men,  who,  it  was  said,  did 
not  mind  the  Chiefs  as  they  used  to— and  on  society 
in  general ;  how  it  would  fit  them  for  Heaven,  and 
give  them  a  sure  title  to  it ;  that  it  must  be  good  for 
them  if  God  had  designed  it  for  them  ;  that  other 
[579] 


580 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Indian  Nations  to  whom  he  had  sent  ministers,  tried 
it,  and  found  it  to  be  good,  and  that  they  would  do 
wron<r  to  condemn  it,  or  reject  it  without  trying  it. 

The  third  objection  was,  that  by  hstening  to  me 
they  wouhi  expose  themselves  to  the  fate  of  the  poor 
Moravians,  who  were  destroyed  by  our  people,  in 
consequence  of  their  embracing  our  religion.  In  an- 
swering this,  I  observed  to  them,  that  they  could 
have  nothing  to  fear  fi-om  having  me  among  them,  or 
from  listening  to  me,  because  that  our  bad  men  would 
not  be  allowed  to  hurt  them  now,  as  our  people  weic 
at  peace  with  them,  and  their  great  fathers  in  Con- 
gress were  disposed  to  treat  them  as  their  children. 

The  fourth  objection  I  thought  to  be  much  the 
most  important,  and  the  most  difficult  to  answer.  It 
was  this  :  That  they  could  not  live  together  so  as  to  re- 
ceive any  instructions  on  account  of  their  fighting  and 
killing  one  another  when  intoxicated.  Two  had  been 
killed  but  a  few  days  before  at  the  trader's  above  ; 
and  I  found  that  they  seldom  got  together  without 
killing  some ;  that  their  villages  there  were  little 
more  than  places  of  residence  for  Fall  and  Spring,  as 
they  were  obliged  to  be  absent  in  the  Winter  on  ac- 
count of  hunting,  and  as  they  found  it  necessary  to 
live  apart  in  the  Summer  on  account  of  liquor ;  and 
that  the  most  of  them  were  going  to  disperse  in  a  few- 
days  for  planting,  when  they  would  be  from  10  to  1.5 
miles  apart,  and  not  more  than  two  or  three  families 
in  a  place.  To  remove  this  objection,  I  acknowledged 
the  difficulty  of  their  living  together  while  they  made 
such  free  use  of  spirituous  liquor  ;  and  proposed  to 
them  to  begin  and  build  a  new  village  upon  this  con- 
dition, that  no  one  should  be  allowed  to  get  drunk 
in  it ;  that  if  they  would  drink,  they  should  go  off 
and  stay  till  they  had  it  over,  and  that  if  any  would 
not  comply  with  this  law,  they  should  be  obliged  to 
leave  the  village. 

I  then  showed  the  advantages  of  adopting  the 
plan— that  they  would  live  in  peace,  as  they  never 
quarreled  when  they  were  sober;  that  with  my  as- 
sistance they  would  be  able  to  give  their  children  an 
education ;  for  want  of  which  they  were  going  on 
blindfold  in  their  business  with  white  people,  who 
frequently  imposed  upon  them ;  but  who  would  not 
have  it  in  their  power,  if  they  once  had  eyes  of  their 
own,  to  see  for  themselves  ;  as  would  be  the  case  if 
their  young  Chiefs  and  others  should  get  an  educa- 
tion and  learn  to  speak  English  ;  and  that  then  they 
might  have  books  printed  in  their  own  language  for 
them  to  read  ;  that  I  would  show  them  an<i  assist 
them  what  I  could  about  making  carts  and  ploughs, 
and  about  ploughing  their  ground,  so  that  they  might 
employ  their  horses,  which  were  then  almost  useless 
to  them  ;  and  raise  a  plenty  of  corn  and  wheat,  pota- 
toes, squashes  and  tobacco,  horses  and  cattle,  sheep, 
hogs  and  poultry;  that  I  would  show  them  and  assist 
them  what  I  could  about  building  a  mill,  building 
houses,  and  making  furniture  for  their  houses ;  that 
I  would  make  them  wheels  and  show  them  about 
making  looms  ;  and  that  my  wife  would  learn  their 
young  women  how  to  make  their  own  cloth  ;  that  our 
good  people  would  send  them  on  School-masters 
enough  to  School  all  their  children  for  nothing  ;  that 
I  would  try  to  have  them  send  on  a  blacksmith,  w'ho 
was  a  good  man,  and  would  mend  their  guns,  and  do 
all  their  work  for  them  in  the  best  manner,  and  at  a 
much  more  reasonable  price  than  what  they  had  to 
give  for  it  then,  besides  saving  them  the  trouble  of 
going  a  great  distance  for  it.  I  told  them  that,  as  their 
land  was  excellent,  if  they  would  adopt  this  plan,  and 
their  young  men  would  assist  their  women  and  chil- 
dren, they  might  enjoy  all  these  privileges  within  a 
few  years,  without  working  hard,  and  that  then  they 
would.have  a  comfortable  home  for  their  old  people, 
and  for  those  who  were  sick,  where  they  could  re- 
main through  the  winter  whilst  the  others  W'ere  gone 
to  their  hunting  grounds ;  and,  what  was  infinitely 


more  than  all  the  rest,  they  might  then  enjoy  the  re- 
ligion of  God's  word,  which,  if  they  would  rightly 
attend  to  it,  would  make  them  unspeakably  happy 
forever.  I  then  brought  into  view  the  consequences 
that  would  follow  if  they  did  not  listen  to  this  pro- 
posal. I  told  them  that  game  was  growing  scarce, 
and  that,  as  the  white  people  were  settling  round 
them,  it  would  soon  be  too  scarce  for  them  to  live  by 
hunting ;  that  if  they  did  not  teach  their  children  to 
cultivate  the  land  and  raise  their  living  out  of  it  as 
we  did,  that  they  would  soon  be  so  poor  and  hungry 
that  they  would  not  know  what  to  do  ;  that  at  best 
they  would  sell  their  excellent  land  for  little  or  noth- 
ing, and  be  obliged  to  leave  that  pleasant  River  and 
delightful  country  and  seek  a  home  in  some  distant 
and  unknown  wilderness.  And  I  observed  to  them 
that,  since  it  was  thus,  I  hoped  they  would  listen  to 
my  advice,  and  that  they  would  not  only  prevent 
liquor  from  being  brought  into  the  proposed  Village, 
but  that  they  would  entirely  desi.st  from  drinking  it; 
that  I  would  have  them  more  afraid  of  those  who 
brought  it  among  them  than  those  who  came  against 
them  with  fire-guns.  To  convince  them  of  this,  I  as- 
sured them  that  the  country  between  them  and  the 
Atlantic,  which  was  once  thickly  inhabited  with  In- 
dians, had  become  almost  entirely  depopulated,  prin- 
cipally by  means  of  this  destroying  liquor.  And  I 
added  that  this  universal  drunkenness  was  very  dis- 
pleasing in  the  sight  of  God,  and  provoked  Him  to 
give  them  up  to  die,  as  it  were,  by  their  own  hands ; 
and  that  if  they  continued  to  go  on  as  others  had 
done,  they  must  expect  ere  long  to  be  universally 
swept  from  the  earth  in  like  manner.  I  told  them 
that  they  might  think  that  they  could  not  keep  from 
drinking,  but  that  if  would  strive  against  it,  and  pray 
to  the  Great  Spirit  to  help  them,  that  He  would  ena- 
ble them  to  keep  from  it;  that  if  the}' had  any  regard  to 
their  welfare,  the  least  they  could  think  of  doing 
would  be  to  accept  of  m}'  assistance,  and  follow  my 
advice  with  respect  to  the  Village  I  had  proposed,  and 
not  suffer  any  liquor  to  come  into  that.  I  told  them 
that  I  might  have  lived  much  happier  at  home  among 
my  dear  friends  and  acquaintances,  where  we  had 
everything  that  was  comfortable  around  us;  but 
knowing  how  much  they  needed  my  assistance,  and 
having  a  great  love  for  them,  and  being  commanded 
by  God,  I  had  forsaken  all,  and  had  come  a  great  dis- 
tance to  .spend  my  days  with  them,  in  order  to  make 
them  happy  in  this  world  and  in  the  world  to  come  ; 
that  I  had  come  by  the  desire  of  God's  ministers  and 
good  people,  who  tenderly  loved  them,  who  had  al- 
ways been  their  best  and  only  true  friends,  both  in 
time  of  war  and  in  time  of  peace,  and  had  always 
been  praying  to  God  for  them,  that  they  might  enjoy 
those  great  privileges  which  they  had  now  been  at  so 
much  pains  and  expense  to  help  them  to  ;  that  I  had 
not  come  merel}'  of  my  own  accord,  or  by  the  desire 
of  those  good  people,  but  that  I  was  sent  there  by 
God  himself,  who  commanded  them  to  listen  to  me; 
that  since  it  was  thus,  if  they  did  not  receive  me,  and 
attend  to  the  good  things  which  I  was  sent  to  teach 
them,  they  would  make  me  very  sorrowful,  exceed- 
ingly grieve  the  hearts  of  God's  ministers  and  people, 
and,  what  was  inconceivably  worse,  they  would 
dreadfully  ofl'end  the  God  who  had  sent  me,  and 
make  Him  very  angry  with  them.  To  conclude  my 
speech  to  them,  I  told  them  that  they  were  not  to 
blame  for  not  having  this  good  religion  sent  to  them 
before,  but  that  if  they  rejected  it  now  it  was  sent, 
rejected  the  goodness  of  God  in  sending  it  to  them, 
and  all  our  kind  offers  to  them,  which  had  co.st  us  so 
much  trouble  and  expense,  they  would  certainly  be 
inexcusable,  and  that  I  therefore  hoped  they  would 
give  me  a  favorable  answer. 

I  was  thus  urgent  with  them,  because  I  suspected 
that  the  most  of  them  were  determined  not  to  receive 
me.     They  heard  me  with  the  more  patience  on  ac- 


EARLY  MISSION  WORK  ON  TEE  MAVMEE  RIVER. 


681 


count  of  my  having  furnished  them,  in  the  first  place, 
with  as  much  tobacco  as  tliey  could  smoke.  As  tlie 
Trustees'  address  took  up  so  much  time,  I  should 
have  been  glad  to  have  lieen  much  shorter;  but  as  I 
thought  the  case  doubtful,  I  was  unwilling  to  omit 
anything  which  might  be  to  the  purpose.  The 
most  of  the  Chiefs  remained  together  that  night. 

-  They  assembled  on  the  grass  the  next  day,  at 
about  12  o'clock,  and  sent  for  me.  Little  Otter  was 
well  enough  to  attend  and  he  delivered  me  the  fol- 
lowing speech,  with  several  of  the  ideas  often  re- 
peated : 

"  Brother,  we  listened  to  you  yesterday,  and  heard 
all  you  had  to  say  to  us.  Since  that,  we  have  been 
thinking  of  what  you  said  to  us,  and  have  been  talk- 
ing it  over  among  ourselves,  and  have  made  up  our 
minds.  Now,  brother,  if  you  will  listen  to  us,  we  will 
give  you  an  answer.  But  it  is  our  way  to  be  very 
short.  Our  white  brothers,  when  they  make  speeches, 
are  very  lengthy.  They  read  and  write  so  much, 
that  they  get  in  a  great  many  little  things.  But  it  is 
not  so  with  your  red  brothers.  When  we  go  on  any 
great  business,  and  have  any  great  things  to  say,  we 
say  them  in  a  few  words.  Brother,  we  understand 
that  you  are  sent  out  here  by  the  Great  Spirit,  and  by 
his  good  people,  who  live  in  one  of  the  10  fires. 
Brother,  we  believe  j'ou  have  not  come  alone,  or  of 
your  own  accord,  but  that  you  are  sent  out  here,  as 
you  say,  by  the  Great  Spirit,  and  by  some  of  His 
great  black-gowns  and  great  men  who  make  laws. 
And  we  thank  those  great  Fathers  for  being  so  kind 
to  us.  Brother,  we  like  what  you  have  said  to  us. 
We  know  that  it  is  all  true,  and  all  very  good.  When 
you  was  talking,  you  kept  looking  up,  and  said  a  great 
deal  to  us  about  the  Great  Spirit.  \Ve  believe  that 
there  is  a  Great  Spirit,  who  has  made  the  world,  the 
sun,  the  moon,  the  stars,  the  ground,  the  water,  the 
trees,  and  all  the  men,  creatures  and  things  that  are 
in  the  world.  Brother,  we  understand  that  you  have 
come  to  teach  us  and  our  children  how  to  worship  the 
Great  Spirit,  and  what  we  must  do  to  please  Him,  and 
be  happy  in  this  world  and  in  the  world  to  come. 
We  understand  that  you  want  to  have  us  raise  a 
plenty  of  corn  and  wheat,  horses  and  cattle,  and  all 
the  other  things  and  creatures  that  you  raise  ;  and 
that  you  want  us  to  live  like  the  people  that  wear 
hats.  And  we  believe  that  you  and  our  great  fathers 
that  sent  you,  wish  to  do  us  all  the  good  you  can  ; 
that  you  want  to  make  us  happy,  not  only  here,  but 
in  the  world  to  come.  Brother,  we  know  that  you 
spoke  true,  when  you  told  usthat  our  game  was  grow- 
ing scarce,  and  that  it  would  soon  be  so  that  we  could 
not  live  by  hunting  as  we  used  to.  We  feel  very  poor, 
and  we  do  not  know  how  we  are  going  to  live  or  what 
we  shall  do.  Now,  brother,  if  you  and  your  great 
black-gowns  and  Chiefs  want  to  help  us  and  make  us 
happy,  why  don't  you  stop  your  people  from  settling 
so  near  us  ?  If  you  would  do  this,  we  might  have 
game  enough  and  do  very  well.  Brother,  we  know 
that  it  is  all  true  what  you  say  to  us  about  the  stuff 
the  white  people  make,  w-hich  we  like  so  well.  We 
know  that  it  makes  us  fooHsh  and  quarrelsome,  and 
poor,  and  that  it  destroys  us,  and  has  greatly  dimin- 
ished our  number;  that  we  used  to  be  much  happier 
before  it  came  among  us,  and  that  it  would  be  much 
better  for  us  to  be  entirely  without  it.  You  do  know 
how  to  make  it;  Indians  don't  know  how  to  make  it, 
and  have  nothing  to  make  it  of.  If  your  people  did 
not  make  it  and  bring  it  to  us,  we  should  not  have  it. 
And  if  we  did  not  see  it,  we  should  not  care  anything 
about  it.  But  when  we  get  a  taste  of  it,  we  love  it  so 
well  we  do  not  know  how  to  .stop  drinking.  Brother, 
since  it  is  so,  why  do  you  not  stop  your  people  from 
bringing  it  among  us?  If  you  would  do  this,  then 
perhaps  you  might  get  us  to  come  and  live  together 
in  one  Village,  so  that  you  might  have  an  opportu- 
nity to  instruct  us  and  do  us  good.     But  until  this 


liquor  is  .stopped,  we  shall  quarrel  so  among  ourselves 
when  we  get  it,  that  we  cannot  many  of  us  live  to- 
gether in  the  same  Village,  and  you  "will  not  be  able 
to  do  anything  with  us. 

"  Brother,  f\hat  you  have  said  to  us  is  all  true, 
l)ut  we  would  not  wish  to  steal  the  good  words  or 
keep  tliem  to  ourselves.  We  understand  that  you 
was  sent  out  to  travel  around  and  visit  the  Indians  in 
order  to  find  out  their  minds  respecting  tliis  liusiness. 
You  have  seen  but  a  few  Indians  yet.  There  are  a 
great  many  that  Hve  away  back  of  us.  If  you  was  to 
go  and  see  them  all,  it  would  take  you  two  or  three 
years.  We  think  you  had  better  go  and  talk  with 
them  all,  and  see  what  they  think  of  it;  and  if  they 
will  agree  to  have  black-gowns,  we  will  agree  to  have 
one  too.  This  is  all  the  Red  Brothers  have  to  say  to 
you." 

Such  was  Little  Ottei-'s  answer  to  the  Chris- 
tian Missionary  on  the  banks  of  the  Maumee, 
85  years  ago.  It  was  sadly  confounding  to 
Mr.  Bacon,  but  it  did  not  avail  to  avert  the 
terrible  doom  which  whisky  so  rapidly  brought 
to  Little  Otter's  people.  Within  35  years"  of 
that  time,  but  a  miserable  remnant  of  them  had 
escaped  the  drunkard's  end,  and  these  were 
gathered  up  for  transportation  beyond  the 
Mississippi,  surrendering  their  once  proud  pos- 
sessions in  this  Valley  to  the  race  who  iiad 
plied  them  with  the  agency  which  caused  their 
sad  decay.  Convinced  that  any  further  attem^it 
he  then  might  make  in  behalf  of  the  poor 
aborigines  would  be  fruitless  of  good,  Mr. 
Bacon  soon  abandoned  the  field  and  passed  on 
to  Mackinaw.  ()f  his  trip  and  the  situation 
there,  he  wrote  : 

I  set  sail  on  the  2d  of  June,  with  my  family,  in  a 
convenient  Schooner,  for  this  place.  Our  accommo- 
dations were  good,  our  t!aptain  all  kindness  and  at- 
tention, and  were  gently  wafted  to  this  place  in  seven 
days.  The  Indians  are  vastly  more  numerous  here 
than  at  Detroit.  I  see  none  here  but  Ottawas  and 
Chippewas.  I  believe  that  the  Ottawas  are  much  the 
most  numerous  just  about  here.  They  are  accounted 
by  both  Nations  to  be  the  fathers  of  the  Chippewas. 
I  find,  as  I  had  been  informed,  that  there  is  a  good 
deal  of  difference  between  the  language  of  these 
Indians,  and  those  of  the  same  Nations  about  Detroit. 
Some  words  seem  wholly  unlike  ;  but  the  ditference 
in  general  appears  to  be  in  the  pronunciation,  which 
is  not  so  drawling,  but  much  more  agreeable  to  the 
English  pronunciation.  These  Indians  appear  to  be 
much  more  sprightly,  cleanly,  industrious  and  agree- 
able than  those.  I  have  not  been  able  to  talk  with 
them  much  yet,  for  the  want  of  an  interjjreter. 

From  what  I  can  learn,  I  fear  that  it  is  not  much 
better  with  the  Indians  at  Arborcrosh  [Mackinaw], 
on  account  of  drinking  and  fighting,  than  it  is  with 
those  at  the  Maumee.  Hearing  that  they  were  mostly 
drunk,  and  not  having  an  interpreter,  I  have  not  vis- 
ited them  yet.  Or,  if  it  had  not  been  for  these  diffi- 
culties I  do  not  know  but  I  should  have  waited  for 
the  assistance  of  Colonel  Hunt  [Colonel  Thomas 
Hunt,  father  of  General  John  E.  Hunt],  as  he  is  now 
expected  every  day,  to  take  the  command  of  this 
Post.  Knowing  that  he  was  to  be  here  so  soon,  I 
rather  wished  not  to  see  them  till  he  came.  For  it  is 
said  there  are  no  Indians  who  pay  so  great  respect  to 
the  commanding  officer  as  these  do  ;  and  he  void  me 
he  would  use  all  his  infiuence  in  my  favor.  With  all 
the  forbidding  circumstances  in  view,  which  I  see 
attending  my  mission  to  these  Indians,  as  I  am  not  to 
look  for  miracles,  I  considered  it  a  matter  of  the  ut- 


582 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


most  importance  to  avail  myself  of  every  circnm- 
stance  in  inv  favor,  at  mv  first  introduction.  With 
all  these,  I  think  it  is  verv  doubtful  whether  I  sluill 
be  received  bv  the  Chiefs.  There  are  two  circuni- 
stanees  asrairist  me  which  I  have  not  mentioned. 
One  is,  that  these  ludiansatArborcrosh  have  formerly 
had  Uonian  Catholic  Prie.sts  with  them,  to  whom 
they  adhered  as  strictly  as  could  have  been  expected. 
Another  circumstance"not  mentioned  is,  the  Induins 
in  general  have  an  idea  that  Ministers  have  a  power 
to  send  distempers  or  sickness  among  people,  like 
their  conjurers.  And  if  any  mortal  disease  breaks 
out  among  them  while  they  are  with  them,  they  are 
supposed  to  be  the  authors  of  it.  The  Indians  to  this 
dav  tell  that  the  Priests  whom  they  bad  with  them 
at  Arborcrosh,  sent  sickne.ss  among  them.  So  that 
though  thev  would  be  more  likely  to  prefer  the 
Roman  Catholic  than  us,  yet  it  does  not  seem  very 
likely  that  they  would  wish  for  either  to  come  among 
tliem.  But  if  I  cannot  ))revail  on  the  Chiefs  to  re- 
ceive me,  I  mean  to  insist  hard  on  their  letting  me 
have  a  number  of  their  sons  to  educate  here  on  the 
island,  whiLst  I  am  learning  their  language,  and  I 
shall  require  them  to  find  them  food  and  clotbes. 

Mv  present  determination  is  to  remain  about  here 
till  in  one  way  or  another  I  get  the  language ;  and  if 
I  can  get  a  good  interpieter  at  a  moderate  expense, 
be  preaching  through  the  Summer  to  all  the  Indians 
who  will  hear  me.  As  they  are  always  absent 
through  the  Winter,  I  must  try  in  that  part  of  the 
time  to  be  doing  something  to  help  support  myself, 
either  by  a  School;(which  must  be  small)  or  by  some 
kind  of  labor. 

The  editor  of  tlie  Magazine  appends  the  fol- 
lowing comments  upon  the  report  of  Mr.  Bacon  : 

The  reader  will  perceive  from  Mr.  Bacon's  account 
of  the  Indians  that  one  of  the  greatest  obstacles  in 
the  way  of  propagating  the  gospel  among  them  is  the 
influence  of  the  conjurers.  These  conjurers  are  the 
same  as  the  powows  spoken  of  in  the  history  of  the 
New  England  Indians.  But  the  failure  of  this  first 
attempt  of  Mr.  Bacon  ought  not  to  discourage  the 
friends  of  the  Missionary  cause  ;  it  should  rather 
stimulate  them  to  more  vigorous  exertions.  The 
Indians  on  the  .Miami,  from  their  proximity  to  the 
white  people,  have  more  free  access  to  spirituous 
liquors,  and  are  much  more  opposed  to  everything 
good  than  the  tribes  which  live  more  remote.  There 
is  still  reason  to  hope  that  to  some  of  the  tribes  God 
will  give  a  listening  ear,  and  that  he  will  prosper  the 
labors  of  the  Missionaries  that  may  be  sent  among 
them. 

About  1863,  an  aged  gentleman,  a  Minister 
of  the  Gospel  (whose  name  is  not  remembered), 
called  on  Eev.  W.  W.  William.s,  Pastor  of  First 
Congregational  Church,  Toledo,  and  in  conver- 
sation stated  that  his  first  visit  to  that  localitj- 
was  made  in  1802,  in  companj-  with  the 
pioneer  Missionary,  Mr.  Bacon,  whose  nephew 
he  was.  The  gentleman  said  that  at  that  time 
he  was  16  years  old,  and  well  remembered 
what  was  the  condition  of  things  where  Toledo 
now  is,  as  also  his  uncle's  experience  with  the 
Indians,  the  sole  occupants  of  this  region.  He 
said  that  after  remaining  here  for  a  short  time, 
he  started  in  a  canoe  for  Dartmouth  College, 
Massachusetts,  with  an  Indian  as  his  compan- 
ion, carrying  his  craft  around  the  Falls  of 
Niagara,  and  passing  down  Lake  Ontario  to 
the  St.  Lawrence,  and  on  toward  his  destina- 
tion as  far  as  water  connection  could  be  found; 


and  finishing  his  journey  on  foot.  Entering 
College,  he  pursued  a  course  of  study,  and  be- 
came a  Clergyman,  which  profession  had  been 
his  calling.  As  a  rule,  students  now  do  their 
boating  after  entering  College. 

Reverend  Joseph  Badger.  The  connection 
of  this  gentleman  with  events  in  the  earl}-  his- 
tory of  this  section,  makes  proper  brief  ref- 
erence to  his  active  and  useful  life.  He  was 
born  at  Windham,  Massachusetts,  in  1757  ;  grad- 
uated at  Yale  College  in  1785,  previous  to 
which  time  he  had  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
Army.  In  1787  he  was  ordained  to  preach  the 
Gospel,  his  first  charge  being  a  Cluirch  at  Bland- 
ford,  Mass.,  where  he  spent  14  years,  to  the 
satisfaction  of  the  Church.  The  first  Christian 
Minister  who  came  to  labor  in  Northern  Ohio, 
he  arrived  in  1800,  having  been  sent  by  a  Con- 
necticut Missionary  Society.  Without  religious 
organizations  of  any  .sort,  and  with  no  places 
for  holding  meeting  except  the  cabins  of  the 
scattered  pioneers,  with  here  and  there  a  log 
School-house,  his  field  was  one  involving  severe 
labor  and  great  privation.  But  all  these  were 
not  sufficient  to  repress  the  earnest  zeal  and 
devotion  of  his  unreserved  consecration  to  his 
work. 

In  1801  Mr.  Badger  made  the  trip  from  Cleve- 
land to  Detroit,  of  which  he  says  in  his  notes : 

September  11,  1801.— Rode  through  the  Black 
Swamp  to  the  Shawanee  Village  on  the  Maumee. 
George,  our  Indian  boy.  took  us  to  the  Island,  just 
below  the  Rapids  [at  the  mouth  of  Tontogany  Creek], 
to  see  his  aunt.  Soon  after  we  were  seated,  we 
w"ere  presented  with  a  bowl  of  boiled  corn,  buttered 
with  bear's  grease.  As  the  corn  was  presented,  the 
old  woman  said  :  "  Friends,  eat ;  it  is  good  ;  it  is  such 
as  God  gives  Indians." 

June  10,  1805,  Mr.  Badger  having  engaged 
to  visit  the  Wyandot  Indians  at  River  Raisin, 
Michigan  Territory,  he  set  out  from  Cleveland 
for  that  purpose,  in  company  with  a  Captain 
Parish  of  Canandaigua,  N.  Y.,  and  Mr.  Knaggs 
of  Detroit,  interpreters,  who  were  going  to  at- 
tend a  treat}-  with  the  Indians  to  be  held  at 
Fort  Industry  (now  Toledo).  In  passing 
through  the  Black  Swamp  (about  36  miles) 
they  lodged  in  the  woods.  The  next  day  they 
forded  the  Maumee  River  at  the  Rapids ;  took 
breakfast  at  a  French  house,  and  rode  down  to 
the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek,  near  to  which  Fort 
Industry  stood,  where  Mr.  Jewett, the  Govern- 
ment Agent  and  Commissioner  of  the  Connecti- 
cut Fire  Land  Comjiany  and  the  Chiefs  of  eight 
Indian  tribes,  were  in  Council.  While  there 
Mr.  Badger  gave  the  Indians  a  temperance 
talk,  after  which  Crane,  their  head  chief,  made 
a  short  sj)eech,  and  told  them  to  make  up  their 
minds  what  they  would  do.  In  about  lialf  an 
hour,  the  old  Chief  replied  :  "  Father,  you  have 
told  us  the  truth.  We  thank  you.  Father,jwe 
have  all  agreed  to  use  no  more  ardent  spirits." 
Mr.  Badger  says  :  "  I  lived  with  them  for  about 
four  years  after  this,  and  saw  or  knew  of  but 


EARLY  MISSION  WORK  ON  THE  MADMEE  RIVER. 


583 


one  man  drunk  in  that  time.  It  broke  up  the 
traders  so  that  they  left  them."  This,  proba- 
bl\-,  was  tlie  most  eilectivo  temperance  lecture 
ever  tielivcred  on  the  Maumee. 

For  about  10  years  Mr.  Badger's  home  was 
at  Gustavus,  Trumbull  Countj^  although  much 
of  that  time  was  spent  in  labors  at  distant 
points,  traveling  on  horseback  through  almost 
unbroken  forests,  from  settlement  to  settle- 
ment, as  opportunities  otfered.  As  the  only 
Christian  Minister  in  all  that  vast  field,  his  em- 
barrassments jvere  not  a  little  enhanced  by  tlie 
general  lack  of  sympathy  in  his  labors  which 
he  found  on  nearly  all  hands.  But  all  this  did 
not  dismay  him.  Inditt'erence  to  his  work  only 
the  more  deeply  impressed  him  with  its  need 
among  the  settlers.  Ere  long  fruits  began  to 
ajjpear,  and  he  was  rewarded  for  his  self-de- 
nial by  manifest  increase  of  interest  in  his 
work  and  a  growing  respect  for  him  and  con- 
tidence  in  his  judgment  on  matters  outside  his 
immediate  calling. 

Thus  it  was,  that  the  Government  at  Wash- 
ington at  times  found  him  specially  useful  in 
consultation  upon  queistions  of  local  concern. 
The  War  of  1812  opened  to  Mr.  Badger  a  new 
field  of  activity.  At  the  outset  of  that  contest 
he  was  appointed  by  Gov.  Meigs,  of  Ohio,  as 
Chaplain  of  the  Army,  in  which  capacity  he 
was  with  Harrison  at  Fort  Meigs  in  1813,  and 
continued  in  such  relation  to  the  close  of  the 
War  in  1815,  his  entire  physical  and  mental 
faculties  being  constantly  devoted  to  the  spir- 
itual and  bodilj^  welfare  of  the  Soldiers.  He 
continued  his  home  in  Trumbull  County, 
preaching  to  ditferent  small  Churches  until 
1835,  when  he  removed  to  Wood  County.  Here 
he  continued  his  life-work  so  far  as  enfeebled 
faculties  permitted  labor,  to  the  acceptance  of 
the  young  communities  who  enjoyed  his  ser- 
vice. In  184G,  at  the  advanced  age  of  89  years, 
this  eminent  and  useful  man  died,  after  nearly 
"  three  score  and  ten  years  ''  of  active  service  in 
the  Christian  ministry.  If  the  Military  com- 
mander, so  fortunate  as  to  lead  a  single  Army 
to  victory  in  a  single  battle,  be  entitled  to  a 
monument  in  attestation  of  his  service,  what 
record  should  be  made  of  the  heroic  devotion 
and  self-denial  shown  in  a  life  such  as  Joseph 
Badger's. 


Reverend  Isaac  Van  Tassel.  Among  the 
more  prominent  of  early  Christian  workers  in 
the  Maumee  Valley,  was  Reverend  Isaac  Van 
Tassel.  Born  in  Durham,  New  York,  1791,  he 
came  to  Ashtabula,  Ohio,  in  1821.  In  the 
Summer  of  1822  he  was  apjjointed  to  the  Mau- 
mee Mission  by  tiie  Western  Missionary  Society 
at  Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania,  ant!  was  the  first 
of  the  Mission  force  on  the  ground.  In  Sep- 
tember, 1822,  at  Ashtabula,  Ohio,  Mr.  Van 
Tassel  was  married  with  Miss  Lucia  Badger, 
daughter  of  Reverend  Joseph  Badger.  They 
landed  at  Maumee,  October  27, 1822"  Mr.  Van 
Van  Tassel  proceeded  to  the  Mission  house, 
located  nine  miles  up  the  River  at  the  mouth  of 
Tontogany  Creek,  the  Island  also  belonging  to 
the  Mission  grounds,  which,  beside  the  Island, 
embraced  240  acres.  The  Mission  building 
consisted  of  a  log  house,  16x60  feet.  The  Mis- 
sion familj'  embi-aced  13  members,  beside  em- 
f)loyes.  The  balance  of  the  family  having 
meantime  arrived,  work  with  the  poor  Ottawas 
was  commenced  November  26,  1822.  The 
family  consisted  of  Reverend  Samuel  Tate, 
wife  and  son;  Reverend  Alvah  Coe  and  wife; 
Reverend  Isaac  Van  Tassel  and  wife  ;  Ijeander 
Sackel  (farmer)  and  wife;  John  McPherria 
(carpenter)  ;  Mr.  Straight  (blacksmith)  ;  Miss 
Sabina  Stevens  and  Miss  Hannah  Riggs.  The 
distinctive  work  of  the  Mission  was  the  instruc- 
tion of  the  young  of  the  tribe  in  the  English 
language,  rather  than  reaching  adults  through 
their  own  language.  The  pupils  for  the  first 
Winter,  averaged  about  30.  Tlae  adults  were 
not  neglected,  the  Missionaries  preaching  to 
them  as  best  they  could  through  interpreters. 
At  first,  they  were  shy  and  distrustful ;  but 
soon  became  more  confiding.  Some  30  were 
believed  to  have  been  converted.  The  work 
might  have  been  more  successful,  but  for  the 
opposition  made  to  it  by  neighboring  Indian 
traders,  whose  traflBc  was  most  profitable  when 
they  were  left  to  deal  with  the  Indians  with- 
out interference  such  as  Missionary  work  inev- 
itably caused.  The  Indians  are  spoken  of  as 
kindly  in  their  intercourse  and  specially  grate- 
ful for  favors  shown  them.  Among  the  Mission 
buildings  was  a  two-story  frame  house,  wliich 
yet  remained  in  1873,  when  the  property  be- 
longed to  George  and  Thomas  Yunt. 


CHAPTER    II. 


PERMANENT    KEl.IGIOUS    WORK. 


IT  would  be  impracticable  here  to  do  more 
than  make  bi'ief  mention  of  the  great  num- 
ber of  Church  enterprises  whicli  constitute  tlie 
relin'ious  work  in  Toledo.  So  far  as  may  be, 
record  will  be  made  of  these  in  the  form  of  de- 
nominational history. 

THE  METHODIST  EPISCOPAL  CHURCH. 

As  was  the  fiict  with  most  pioneer  settle- 
ments in  early  days,  the  advance  in  j)ermanent 
religious  work  in  Lucas  Countj-  was  made  by 
the" Methodist  Episcopal  Church.  This  fact, 
no  doubt,  is  mainly  due  to  the  jieculiar  adapta- 
tion of  the  methods  of  that  organization  for  the 
supply  or  the  sparsely  settled  localities  of  the 
West.  In  this  work,  as  a  rule,  thai  Church 
was  materiall}^  aided  by  such  Christian  settlers 
of  other  denominations  as  wei'o  able  to  co-op- 
erate therewith.  In  this  way  religious  privi- 
leges were  maintained,  until,  with  increased 
population  and  strengthened  religious  senti- 
ment, there  came  to  be  strength  to  warrant 
denominational  division  in  the  work. 

It  is  claimed,  and  with  apparent  justice,  that 
the  first  Pi-otestant  religious  services,  within  the 
present  limits  of  Toledo,  were  held  in  what 
is  now  the  Parish  of  the  Monroe  Street  Metho- 
dist Episcopal  Church,  and  by  Preachers  of 
that  denomination.  Who  held  the  first  service, 
seems  to  be  in  some  doubt,  there  being  couilict- 
ing  claims  for  that  honor.  Rev.  Elnathan  C. 
Gavitt,  now  a  resident  of  the  City,  is  contident 
that  he  preaehe<l  the  tirst  sermon  within  that 
territory,  about  18S2;  while  others  of  that 
Church  think  Mr.  Gavitt  was  preceded  as 
early  as  1822  or  '28,  by  Revs.  Billings  O.  Plymp- 
ton  and  Elias  Pattee,  who  then  stopped  and 
held  services  while  passing  between  Detroit 
and  Monroe  and  Northern  Ohio.  The  first 
Preachers  in  this  County  under  regular  as- 
signment, were  those -of  the  Methodist  Epis- 
copal Church,  and  sent  here  by  the  Ohio  Con- 
ference of  1825.*  That  Conference  then  in- 
cluded all  of  Ohio  and  Michigan  and  a  portion 
of  Indiana.  The  first  Methodist  congregation 
proper  that  gathered  within  the  present  bounds 
of  Toledo  is  credibly  stated  to  have  been  im- 
ported to  the  same  in  a  lumber  wagon  in 
the  latter  part  of  the  Spring  of  1833,  and  con- 
sisted of  Noah  A.  Whitnej-  and  his  wife,  Maria  ; 
Amasa  Bishop  (yet  a  resident  of  the  Parish  and 
member  of  the   Monroe   Street   Church),   Eli 

*Historical  Record  of  Monroe  StreetM.E.  Church, 
written  by  Kev.  T.  N.  BarkduU. 


Hubbard,  and  Mary  and  Sarah  Keeler.  With 
these  was  the  Preacher,  Rev.  Elijah  H.  Pilcher. 
Mr.  Bishop  says  that  previous  to  the  date 
named.  Classes  had  been  formed  in  that  section 
by  Rev.  John  H.  Baughman  and  others;  but 
the  first  congregation  for  public  service  within 
the  limits  of  Toledo,  was  the  one  here  referred 
to.  The  first  Class  known  to  have  been  organized 
in  this  region  was  in  1826.  The  circumstances 
of  the  event  are  given  as  follows:  Mr.  Baugh- 
man, in  passing,  found  Eli  Hubbard,  one  of  the 
earliest  and  most  prominent  of  the  pioneers  of 
this  section,  at  work  in  the  woods,  and  asked 
him  if  there  was  an  opening  thereabouts  to 
preach  the  Gospel.  Mr.  Hubbard  told  him  that 
his  house  was  open  for  such  pur])ose.  His_ 
dw'elling  was  of  logs,  and  was  located  near  the 
Tremainesville  bridge  over  Ten-Mile  Creek  or 
Ottawa  River.  It  consisted  of  one  small  room 
with  two  beds.  There  Mr.  Baughman  preached, 
and  thei'e  was  fornietl  a  Class,  which  consisted 
of  John,  Samuel  and  Sophronia  llorton,  William 
Wilkinson  and  wife,  Mrs.  Maria  ^Vhitney  and 
Miss  Mary  Keeler,  daughter  of  Major  Coleman 
I.  Keeler.  Mr.  Wilkinson  was  made  the  Class 
Leader.  Appointments  were  made  for  preach- 
ing at  the  residences  of  Mr.  Hubbard  and 
Noah  A.  Whitney.  Another  Class  was  organ- 
ized with  meetings  at  the  latter  place,  of  which 
Mrs.  Whitney  was  the  Leader.  Mr.  Hubbard 
at  this  time  was  not  a  professor  of  religion,  but 
united  with  the  Church  about  a  year  later. 
Evidently  the  cause  of  Methodism  is  materially 
indebted  to  Mrs.  Maria  Whitney  for  the  start 
it  received  in  tliis  section.  Largely  through 
her  influence  and  efforts,  her  husband  and  the 
most  of  a  large  family  connection  became  active 
and  useful  members  of  the  Church  ;  while  her 
labors  and  earnest  devotion  were  potent  for 
good  among  the  settlers  throughout  a  large  re- 
gion of  country-.  As  the  work  grew^  and  gath- 
ered strength,  steps  were  taken  toward  more 
ample  quarters  for  public  service,  and  ere  long 
a  log  iSchool-house  was  built  near  the  Tremaines- 
ville burying  ground,  and  bowers  provided  for 
more  ample  space  outside  the  building,  when 
the  weather  should  permit. 

Elder  Baughman's  successors  in  the  ministry 
there,  were  Revs.  Casden,  J.  W.  Finley^  Cooper, 
Plympton,  Gearing,  Pilcher,  Gavitt,  and 
Sprague — the  Presiding  Eiders  being  Brown, 
Godard,  Pattee,  Gilruth,  Eurite,  Leonard  B. 
Gurley,  and  John  Janes  (father  of  Frank  Janes, 
now  of  Toledo).  Mr.  Pilcher  was  the  first 
Preacher  after  Toledo  existed.     The  first  mem- 


[584] 


PERMANENT  RELIGIOUS   WORK. 


585 


ber  of  the  Methodist  Church  who  resided  within 
the  present  bounds  of  Toledo,  was  a  Mrs.  Simp- 
son, but  she  did  not  live  long  after  coming, 
having  died  in  1833.  Tliere  being  no  clergy- 
man then  here.  Deacon  Samuel  1.  Keeler  (ftither 
of  Salmon  II.  Keeler),  made  a  prayer  and  a  few 
remarks  at  the  funeral,  Amasa  Bishop  (yet  a 
resident)  otfering  the  closing  jirayer. 

What  is  now  the  Monroe  Street  charge,  was 
part  of  the  Toledo  Circuit  until  Sylvania  Cir- 
cuit was  formed,  when  it  became  ])art  of  that, 
and  the  affairs  of  the  Monroe  Street  and  Tre- 
mainesville  charges  are  more  or  less  iudistinct, 
there  being  now  in  existence  few  records  to 
which  reference  can  be  made. 

The  first  appointment  to  the  Sylvania  Circuit 
was  S.  H.  Alderman  in  1842.  In  1858  the  two 
charges  were  set  oft"  from  that  Circuit,  and  Rev. 
.Wm.  Thatcher  placed  in  charge  of  them.  They 
continued  thus  connected  until  1875,  when 
Monroe  Street  became  h  Station.  In  1859  steps 
were  taken  which  resulted  in  the  erection  of 
the  brick  edifice  now  nsed  by  the  Church,  for 
which  the  Society  is  largely  indebted  to 
James,  Noah  A.  and  Thomas  Porter  Whitney, 
and  Amasa  Bishop.  It  cost  $1,400,  and  was 
dedicated  in  August,  1859,  by  Eev.  Granville 
Mood}'.  The  present  pai'sonage  was  built  in 
1865-ti,  under  the  pastorate  of  Eev.  Jacob  F. 
Burkholder,  who  first  occupied  it.  The  loca- 
tion of  the  Milburn  Wagon  Works  in  the  imme- 
diate vicinity  in  1873,  brought  much  strength 
to  this  Church,  for  which  it  was  largely  in- 
debted to  the  special  interest  taken  in  it  by 
Mr.  Creorge  Milburn,  the  founder  and  long  the 
manager  of  that  establishment. 

The  following  is  given  as  the  most  correct 
list  of  Preachers  ministering  to  the  Monroe 
Street  charge  fl'om  the  start : 

182.5 — J.  A.  Baughman  and  Solomon  Manier. 
1826— Baughraan.  1827-8- George  A.  Walker.  1829— 
Jacob  Hill.  1830-31— James  AV.  Flnley.  1832— E.  H. 
Pilcher  and  Elnathan  C.  Gavitt.  1833 — Pilcher  and 
Wm.  Sprague.  1834 — Sprague  and  Sylvester  F.  South- 
ard. 1835 — Cyrus  Brooks  and  Robert  Triggs.  1836-7 — 
Ira  Chase.  1838— Wesley  Brock  and  Andrew  M. 
Fitch.  1839— Austin  Coleman  and  Samuel  B.  Guiber- 
son.  1840- John  Tibbals.  1841- Eb.  R.  Hill,  F.  C. 
Paine  and  Ralph  Wilcox.  1842-3 — S.  H.  Alderman 
and  S.  L.  Yourtee.  1844— Luke  S.  Johnson.  184.5 — 
Martin  Welch.  1846— William  Thatcher.  1847— 
Luke  L.  Johnson.  1848— Octavius  Waters  and  James 
M.  Wilcox.  1849— Alanson  Foster  and  Alfred  H. 
Walters.  1850 — James  Evans  and  John  Crabbs. 
1851-Crabbs  and  George  G.  Lyon.  1852— David  W. 
Ocker  and  John  A.  Shannon.     1853 — Ocker  and  John 

A.  Shannon.     18.54 — Lorenzo  D.  Rogers  and  Abram 

B.  Poe.  1855 — Ambrose  Hollington  and  A.  B.  Poe. 
18.56— Henry  Warner.  1857— Edmund  B.  Morrison 
and  John  R.  Colgan.  1858-9— Wm.  Thatcher.  1860— 
Oliver  Kennedy.  1861— E.  C.  Gavitt.  1862— Louis 
M.  Albright.  1863- Silas  B.  Maltbie.  1864-L.  M. 
Albright.  1865— J.  F.  Burkholder.  1866-7— S.  B. 
Maltbie.  1868-9— John  Farley.  1870-Elias  H.  Cam- 
mon.  1871— Thomas  J.  McKean.  1872- Edward  A. 
Berry.  1 873-4 -Samuel  S.  Barter.  1875-6-7— Thomas 
N.  Barkdull.     1878-81— N.  B.  C.  Love. 

The  second  Church  in  Toledo  of  the  Metho- 
dist Episcopal    connection    was   organized   in 

88 


183C,  when  the  Society  purchased  lots  on  Huron 
Street  (483  and  485),  between  Locust  and  Wal- 
nut (Noi'tli  side),  and  began  the  erection  there- 
on ol'a  house  of  worship,  which  was  afterwards 
jnirchased  by  the  Gei-man  Methodists.  In  1843 
the  Church  had  a  membership  of  7(».  By  1850 
the  progress  had  become  such,  that  steps  were 
taken  for  a  more  eligible  location  and  a  more 
commodious  edifice.  At  that  time,  Thomas 
Southard,  Almon  Hopkins  and  James  Love 
were  authorized  to  ]Hirchase  a  lot,  which  was 
tlono  in  1S51,  the  choice  being  the  site  of  the 
present  building,  corner  of  Madison  and  Su- 
perior Streets.  The  cost  of  the  lot  was  $800, 
on  which  a  brick  church  was  placed,  at  a 
cost  of  $2,000.  The  first  regular  Pastor 
was  Eev.  J.  T.  Caples,  who  remained  two 
years,  during  which  time  a  parsonage  was  built, 
which  subsequently  was  removed. 

In  May,  1865,  St.  Paul's  Church  building  on 
Madison  Street  was  removed,  and  before  the 
next  Winter,  accommodations  were  provided 
in  the  basement  of  the  present  building,  which 
was  completed  and  dedicated  in  the  Winter  of 
1809,  at  which  time  $18,000  was  raised  for  the 
liquidation  of  indebtedness,  which  not  being 
sufficient  for  the  purpose,  another  effort  was 
made  in  June,  1873,  when  $23,000  more  was 
subscribed.  The  cost  of  the  Church  was  $60,000, 
including  $4,000  for  an  organ. 

The  territory  of  Lucas  County  was  embraced 
within  the  Michigan  Conference  until  1839, 
when  it  was  transferred  to  the  North  Ohio  Con- 
ference, then  formed,  and  continued  in  such 
connection  until  the  formation  of  Central  Ohio 
Conference,  in  1856.  The  Preachers  on  the 
Circuit,  including  Toledo,  previous  to  1843, 
were  as  follows:  John  A.  Baughman,  Elnathan 
C.  Gavitt,  J.  B.  Finley,  —  Casden,  B.  O.  Plymp- 
ton,  —  Gearing,  Henry  E.  Pilcher,  —  Sprague, 
Wesley  Brock,  A.  N.  Fitch,  and  two  or  three 
not  remembered. 

The  Station  Preachers  of  St.  Paul's  since  1843 
have  been  as  follows : 

1S43-5— Martin  Welch.  1845-6— S.  L.  Yourtee. 
1846-7— W.  L.  Harris.  1847-8— W.  W.  Winter.  1848-9 
—Edward  R.  Jewett.  1849-50- James  Kellam.  1850- 
52— John  Graham.  1852-4— John  T.  Caples.  1854-.5— 
Thomas  Parker.  1855-7— Joseph  Ayres.  1857-9 — 
George  W.  Collier.  1859-61- Alex.  Nelson.  1861-2— 
Edmund  B.  Morrison.  1862-3— Henry  E.  Pilcher. 
1863-6- Charles  W.  Ketcham.  1866-8— Daniel  D. 
Mather.  1868-70— Pearl  P.  Ingalls.  1870-73— Russell 
B.  Pope.  1873-.5 — Park  S.  Donelson.  Subsequently 
Ger.shoni  Lease,  W.  G.  Waters,  Leroy  Belt,  S.  S. 
Beiler,  D.  G.  Strong.  T.  S.  Wiltse,  and  E.  D.  Whitlock 
(present  Pastor). 

Up  to  1853,  the  Methodists  of  Toledo  wor- 
shipped as  one  congregation.  At  that  time  a 
Mission  was  started  on  Lagrange  Street  (be- 
tween Superior  and  Huron),  which  for  several 
j-ears  took  the  name  of  Ames  Chapel.  A  frame 
building  was  constructed  for  its  use,  which  af- 
terwards was  removed  and  a  brick  church 
erected,  and  occupied  for  a  time  and  until  the 


I 


586 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Church  had  provided  another  building  on  Mag- 
nolia Street,  between  Huron  and  Superior,  and 
had  taken  the  name  of  St.  John's  Church.  The 
neiv  organization  took  place  in  1872,  since 
which  time  it  has  been  in  prosperous  condition. 
Rev.  J.  II.  Bethards  is  now  the  Pastor. 

Broadway  M.  B.  Church,  East  Side  Broad- 
way, between  Crittenden  and  Western  Ave- 
nues, was  organized  in  185!).  The  Pastor  in 
1887  was  Rev.  Parker  P.  Pope.  It  then  had 
a  membership  of  240. 

In  18ti5,  a  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  was 
organized  at  West  Toledo  (formerly  Tremaines- 
viile),  taking  the  name  of  that  locality.  Its 
edifice  is  located  on  South  side  Phillips  Avenue, 
near  Duke  Street.  The  Pastor  in  1887,  was 
Rev.  John  Poiicher. 

Third  StreetM.  E.  Church,  on  Third  Street, 
between  Cherrv  and  Oak,  J5ast  Toledo,  was  in- 
stituted in  1866.  Eev.  M.  M.  Figley  was  the 
Pastor  in  1887. 

Zion's  (German)  M.  B.  Church  was  organ- 
ized in  1870.  In  1887  it  liad  a  membership  of 
170,  wit!)  Rev.  Joseph  Kern  as  Pastor. 

In  1850  Emanuel  (German)  M.  E.  Church 
was  organized  under  the  charge  of  Rev.  Peter 
F.  Schneider,  when  the  bnilding  on  Huron 
Street  (479),  between  Walnut  and  Locust,  built 
and  used  bj^  the  English  Methodist  Church,  was 
purchased  and  removed  to  Ontario,  between 
Locust  and  Walnut  Streets,  which  was  used 
until  the  Society  had  erected  the  fine  edifice 
now  occupied  on  the  Northeast  corner  of  Wal- 
nut and  Ontario  Streets.  The  present  member- 
ship of  the  Church  is  280.  The  Pastor  for  1887 
was  Rev.  E.  F.  Wunderlich. 

Detroit  Ave.nue  M.  E.  Church  was  insti- 
tuted in  1875.  It  is  located  at  Northwest  cor- 
ner of  Detroit  Avenue  and  Forrer  Streets.  In 
1887  its  Pastor  was  Rev.  Joseph  Williams. 

Bethany  M.  E.  Church  is  located  on  North 
side  Woodville,  near  Brand  Street,  East  Toledo. 
Its  Pastor  for  1887  was  Rev.  M.  M.  Figley. 

Albany  Street  M.  E.  Church,  organized  in 
1875.  It  is  located  at  the  corner  of  Albanj^  and 
Eric  Streets,  Noi-th  Toledo  (formerly  Manhat- 
tan). Its  Pastor  in  1887  was  Rev.  John  Poucher. 

East  Toledo  German  M.  E.  Mission  was  or- 
ganized in  November,  1887,  with  Rev.  Carl  A. 
Militzer  as  Pastor. 

CONFERENCES  AND  PREACHERS. 

The  Ohio  Conference  of  the  Methodist 
Episcopal  Church  for  1828,  met  in  Lancaster, 
in  September,  Bishop  Roberts  presiding. 
Among  the  appointments  made,  were  the  fol- 
lowing, to  wit : 

Presiding  Elders— Miami  District,  G.  R.  Jones. 
Lebanon  District— James  B.  Finley.  Scioto  District 
—John  Collins.  Lancaster  District — David  Young. 
Kenhawa  District— Z.  Connell.  Portland  (Sandusky) 
District— Russell  Bigelow.  Detroit  District— Zara  H. 
Coston. 

Preachers.  Portland  District — Brunswick,  James 
McMahan.    Wayne— Adam    Poe,  Henry  Colclazer. 


Mansfield — Jacob  Dixon,  Henry  O.  Sheldon.  Dela- 
ware— James  Gilruth,  Wui.  Runnells.  Sandusky — 
Jacob  Hill,  Alvin  Billings.  Huron — John  Huzzard, 
Cyrus  S.  Carpenter.  Black  River — Shadrach  Ruark 
(superannuated.)  John  C.  Havens.  Sandusky  City — 
John  Janes.  Wyandot  Mi.ssion  — Russell  Bigelow 
(superannuated),  Thomas  Thompson.  James  B. 
Finley  was  Superintendent  of  St.  Mary's  Mission. 
Moses  Grume,  Robert  W.  Finley,  John  Brown,  Wm. 
Page  and  John  C.  Brooke  were  superannuated.  There 
were  admitted  to  Conference  on  trial— Jas.  B.  Austin, 
James  W.  Finley,  Thomas  Thompson,  T.  Symmes, 
Geo.  Hoffman,  Joseph  Hill,  Joel  Dolby,  Jr.,  Wm. 
Herr,  Jos.  M.  Trimble,  Leonard  B.  Gurley,  Henry 
Colclazer,  Jacob  Hill,  Alvin  Billings,  David  Cadwal- 
lader  and  James  Wilson.  Thomas  A.  Morris  was 
transferred  to  Kentucky  Conference. 

The  Ohio  Annual  Conference  for  1830,  was 
lield  at  Lancaster,  in  September,  when  the  fol- 
lowing appointments  were  made  for  what  then 
was  known  as  the  Portland  District : 

Presiding  Elder— Russell  Bigelow.  Brunswick — 
John  Hazard,  James  Wilson.  Wayne — Henry  O. 
Sheldon,  Jacob  Dixon.  Holmes — J.  C.  Haven,  Leon- 
ard Hill.  Mansfield — John  Janes,  E.  Yocum.  Dela- 
ware— S.  P.  Shaw,  A.  M.  Lorraine.  Sandusky — 
Elam  Day,  E.  S.  Gavitt.  Huron— Charles  Reed,  Ad. 
Minear.  I51ack  River — C.  S.  Carpenter,  EInathan  C. 
Gavitt.  Sandusky  City — Wm.  Runnells.  Wyandot 
Mission — T.  Thompson,  B.  Boydson.  Greensburgh 
— E.  B.  Chase. 

As  will  be  seen,  this  District  extended  from 
Sandusky  City  to  Cuyahoga  County  on  the 
North,  and  to  Franklin  County  on  the  South — 
all  which  territory,  with  ver}'  few  good  roads, 
and  largely  with  no  roads,  the  Presiding  Elder 
was  required  to  traverse  repeatedly  during  the 
year.  It  can  hardl}'  be  matter  of  surprise, 
then,  that  Methodist  preachers  then  cultivated 
an  attachment  for  good  horses,  and  were  80 
generally  superior  judges  of  such  stock. 

Appointments  were  made  by  the  Ohio  M.  E. 
Conference,  in  1832,  as  follows  : 

Sandusky-L.  B.  Gurley.  Norwalk— H.  0.  Shel- 
don, Edward  Thomson.  Tiffin — E.  Yocum,  J.  Mar- 
tin. Fort  Defiance — Wm.  Sprague.  Fort  Findlay 
Mission — Elam  Dav.  B.  Allen.  Monroe  (Michigan) 
—EInathan  C.  Gavitt,  E.  H.  Pitcher. 

The  Pi-esiiling  Elders  of  the  Conference  were  J. 
B.  Finley,  W.  H.  Raper,  Augustus  Eddy,  L.  Sworm- 
stedt,  Isaac  A.  Hunter,  W.  B.  Christie  and  James 
Gilruth. 

Among  the  appointments  made  by  the  Ohio 
Methodist  Ej)i8Copal  Conference,  in  August, 
1835,  were  the  following  : 

Norwalk  District  —  John  H.  Power.  Presiding 
Elder.  Norwalk  — Leonard  Hill,  James  A.  Kellam. 
Elyria — .lames  Wheeler,  Thos.  Barkdull.  Sandusky 
— John  M.  Goshorn,  John  T.  Kellam.  Wellington — 
John  Morey,  Jas.  Frees.  Vermillion — John  Quigly. 
Paris  (Plymouth)— Hiram  M.  Shaffer.  Bucyrus — 
James  Wilson,  Thos.  Hesson.  Tiffin — Thos.  Thomp- 
son, Pliilip  Wareham.  Mt.  Gilead  —  Zephaniah 
Bell.  Wyandot  Mission— S.  P.  Shaw.  Norwalk  Semi- 
nary— Jona.  E.  Chaplin,  Principal ;  H.  O.  Sheldon, 
Agent. 

Maumee  District — L.  B.  Gurley,  Presiding  Elder. 
Perrysburg— Cyrus  Brooks.  Sandusky — John  Kin- 
ner,  John  H.  Pitezel.  Kenton  Mission — Alanson  Flem- 
ing.   Lima — David    Burns,    Wesley    J.    Wells.    St. 


PERMANENT  RELIGIOUS  WORK. 


587 


Mary's  Mission — John  0.  Conaway.  Findlay  Mis- 
sion— Elam  Day,  Mark  Delany.  Defiance — Peter 
Sharp,  Wesley  Brock.  Risdon — Henry  Whiteman. 
The  other  Presiding  Elders  were ;  Leroy  Sworm- 
stedt,  James  Quinn,  W.  H.  Roper,  J.  B.  Finley, 
James  Delay,  John  Ferree,  David  Young,  Jacob 
Young,  Adam  Poe,  Henry  Colclazer,  James  Gilruth. 

The  whole  number  of  Preachers  then  sta- 
tioned in  the  Conference,  was  22S,  while  32 
Deacons  and  21  Elders  were  ordained,  and  37 
admitted  on  trial.  The  total  membershijj  of 
the  Churches  was  62,951  whites,  465  blacks, 
and  206  Indians  (chiefly  at  Wyandot  Mission). 
Net  increase  for  the  year,  175  members.  Two 
Wyaudots  (James  Harraboot  and  Squire  Gray- 
eyes)  were  among  those  ordained. 

In  1837,  the  Michigan  Conference  of  the 
Methodist  Ejjiscopal  Church,  included  the  then 
State  of  Michigan  and  a  large  portion  of  Ohio. 
The  Presiding  Elders  then  were  : 

Detroit  District — Wm.  Herr.  Ann  Arbor — H. 
Colclazer.  Maumee  —  John  Janes.  Tiffin  —  L.  B. 
Gurley.  Norwalk  —  John  H.  Power.  Wooster  — 
Adam  Poe. 

Among  the  appointments  were  the  following: 
Norwalk  District.  Portland  (Sandusky)  Mission — 
Thomas  Barkdull.  Norwalk— H.  M.  Shaffer,  John  M. 
Goshorn.  Dover— Daniel  M.  Conant.  Elyria  Sta- 
tion— Jona.  E.  Chaplin.  Wellington — .John  T.  Kel- 
1am,  J.  C.  Sawyer.  Vermillion — J.  Mitchell,  J.  Mc- 
Intyre.  Paris— Elam  Day,  H.  G.  Dubois.  Frede- 
rick— John  Morey,  Jas.  S.  Saxby.  Mt.  Vernon — Geo. 
Elliott.  Martinsburg— J.  Wheeler,  Z.  Bell ;  J.  Mc- 
Mahon,  Supernumerary.  Wyandotte  Mission — Sam- 
uel M.  Allen.  Agent  for  Norwalk  Seminary,  E.  Ray- 
mond. 

Maumee  District.  Perrysburg  and  Maumee— Jas. 
A.  Kellam.  Toledo — Ira  Chase.  Waterville  Mission 
— Wesley  Shortess,  A.  Coleman.  Defiance — Sanford 
C.  Parker,  A.  Minnis.  Kalida  Mission — Andrew 
Hollapater.  Lima— Andrew  M.  Fitch.  St.  Mary's 
Mission— J.  Hudson. 

Tiffin  District.  Tiffin— Wm.  Runnells.  Mexico- 
Wesley  Brock,  James  Wilson.  Bucyrus— Thomas 
Thompson,  J.  H.  Frees.  Mt.  Gilead — Samuel  Lynch. 
Sandusky— Leonard  Hill,  O.  Monett.  Port  Clinton 
Mission— L.  Parker.  Findlay — J.  O.  Conoway,  A. 
Bissell.  Risdon  Mission — R.  Sheldon,  R.  L.  Bowers. 
Kenton— P.  Wareham. 

The  following  were  the  assignments  of 
Preachers  for  the  Maumee  District,  Michigan 
Conference,  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  for 
1839-40 : 

John  Janes,  Presiding  Elder.  Maumee  City — 
Oliver  Bargess.  Perry-sburg— R.  H.  Chubb,  J.  W. 
Boneer.  Toledo— A.  Coleman,  S.  B.  Guibenson.  Mon- 
loe— Andrew  M.  Fitch.  Dearbornville — Chas.  Bab- 
cock,  A.  Blanchard.  Dundee — Daniel  Barnes ;  A. 
Baughman,  Supernumerary.  Palmyra — John  Gray, 
P.  T.  Sheldon.  Waterville  Mission— J.  S.  Saxby,  W. 
H.  Collins.  Pulaski  Mis.sion  (Williams  County)  — 
John  Santley,  James  Freese. 

The  appointments  for  the  Maumee  District 
of  the  North  Ohio  Methodist  Episcopal  Con- 
ference made  in  September,  1848,  were  as 
follows : 

Maumee— W.  S.  Lunt.  Toledo— E.  E.  Jewett. 
Sylvania— OctaviuB  Waters,  J.  M.  Wilcox.     Water- 


ville— J.  Burgess.  Clinton — A.  Foster.  Pulaski  and 
B.  C.  Mission — II.  V.  Chapman,  A.  H.  Walter.  Evans- 
port,  B.  liurlbert.  Defiance  and  Auglaize  Mission — 
— S.  Faircliild.  Gilboa-S.  M.  Beattv.  Findlay— T. 
J.  Pope,  C.  B.  Bradbury.  Wood— W.  H.  Seeley. 
Perrysburg  —  I.  Ward.  Presiding  Elder  — G.  W. 
Breckenridge. 

Statistics  of  this  Conference  were  published 
in  1855,  as  follows  : 

Number  of  Ministers,  202  ;  No.  employed,  190  ; 
Presiding  Elders,  9 ;  Principals,  Professors  and  Agents 
of  Colleges,  Seminaries,  tfec,  121.  Largest  salary 
paid  to  Ministers,  |o46 — smallest,  $70;  No.  of  places 
where  over  S50t)  was  paid,  3  ;  less  than  $:!00,  60  ;  less 
than  $200,  *i:j  ;  No.  Church  mendjers,  including  pro- 
bationers, 29,670;  No.  Sabbath  Schools,  4.38,  with  0.219 
officers  and  teachers,  and  2o,981  children.  Amount 
raised  for  Missionary  Society,  111,642  ;  for  Sunday 
School  Union,  $80.91;  for  Tract  Society,  $6,271.56; 
for  American  Bible  Society,  $1,266.90.  No.  houses  of 
worship,  414,  valued  at  $360,875,  with  77  parsonages, 
valued  at  $44,575. 

In  1859,  the  Conferences  of  the  State  bad 
been  reorganized,  Northwestern  Ohio  being  in 
what  was  named  Delaware  Conference.  At  its 
session  for  that  year,  the  following  appoint- 
ments were  made  : 

Presiding  Elders— Delaware  District— T.  H.  Wil- 
.son.  Sidney — J.  S.  Kalb.  Lima — E.  C.  Gavitt. 
Findlay  —  J .  T.  Caples.  Toledo  —  Joseph  Ayres. 
Kenton — J.  M.  Holmes. 

Appointments  for  Findlay  and  Toledo  Dis- 
tricts : 

Findlay  District.  Findlay — L.  B.  Gurley.  Fos- 
toria — J.  A.  Shannon.  Adrian — R.  Biggs,  P.  A. 
Drown.  Mt.  Blanchard — S.  Boggs.  Fremont — W. 
S.  Lunt.  PleasantviUe — J.  Sterling,  G.  W.  Money. 
Ft.  Seneca — H.  L.  Nickerson.  Shannon — B.  B.  Powell, 
B.  F.  Cozier.  Bowling  Green  —  S.  L.  Roberts,  J. 
Adams.  Woodville — W.  H.  Taylor,  L.  Tiedeman. 
Acadia  —  D.  Gray,  Lewis  Dales.  Ottawa — F.  L. 
Harper. 

Toledo  District.  Toledo— A.  Nelson.  Toledo  City 
MLssion  (Ames  Chapel)  —  Oliver  Kennedy.  Tre- 
mainesville — W.  Thatcher.  Perrysburg — J.  Fegtley. 
Maumee  and  Waterville — Ambrose  Hollington.  Syl- 
vania—S.  D.  Shaffer.  Delta— A.  B.  Poe.  West 
Unity — 1.  R.  Henderson,  J.  R.  Colgan.  Bryan— H.  M. 
Chlose,  G.  W.  Miller.  Edgerton— M.  Perkey.  Mont- 
pelier — J.  Wilcox.  Defiance — E.  B.  Morrison.  Bru- 
nersburg — J.  Boyers.     Napoleon — John  Poucher. 

Ohio  Wesleyan  University — W.  L.  Harris,  W.  G. 
Williams,  Professors.  Ohio  Wesleyan  Female  Col- 
lege— Park  S.  Donelson,  President ;  George  Mather, 
Professor.     W.  J.  Wells,  Agent. 

The  appointments  of  Presiding  Elders  in 
1861  were  as  follows  : 

Delaware  District,  T.  H.  Wilson  ;  Sidney  District, 
Alex.  Harmount ;  Lima  District,  H.  H.  Shaflfer ; 
Findlay  District,  J.  Graham  ;  Toledo  District,  Joseph 
Ayres ;  Kenton  District,  J.  M.  Holmes. 

The  appointments  of  Preachers  were  : 

Toledo  District:  Toledo— 1st  Charge  (St.  Paul's), 
E.  B.  Morrison;  2d  Charge  (Ames  Chapel),  Ambrose 
Hollington.  Tremainesville,  Elnatban  C.  Gavitt ; 
Maumee  City,  Wesley  G.  Waters ;  Sylvania,  John  R. 
Colgan;  Delta,  Abel  M.  Corey;  Wauseon,  Lewis  8. 


588 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Dales;  West  Unity,  Thos.  N.  Barkdull;  Bryan, 
Fielding  L.  Harper  ;  Edgerton,  Isaiah  R.  Henderson  ; 
Stryker,  Geo.  W.  Miller ;  Defiance,  Franklin  Marriott ; 
Napoleon,  Martin  Perkcy. 

Findlay  District :  Findlay,  John  S.  Kalb ;  Fos- 
toria,  A.  B.  Poe  ;  Adrian,  Jos".  Good  ;  Fremont,  S.  H. 
Alderman;  Arcadia,  Wm.  S.  Lunt,  Eichard  Biggs; 
McComb,  H.  S.  Nickerson,  David  Gray  ;  Fort  Sen- 
eca, Josiah  Adains  ;  Shannon,  John  Sterling,  Harrison 
Maltbie ;  Bowling  Green,  Gershom  Lease,  Isaac  N. 
Kalb ;  Woodville,  Jason  Wilcox  ;  Perrysburg,  John 
A.  Shannon. 

Delaware  Conference  met  at  Toledo,  SeiJtem- 
ber  17,  1857,  Bishop  Baker  presiding.  The 
most  important  action  taken  by  it  aside  from 
its  appointments,  was  the  adoption  of  the  re- 
port ot  a  Committee  on  the  subject  of  Slavery, 
which  strongly  deprecated  that  institution. 
Among  other  things.  Conference  declared,  that 
"American  Slavery  was,  and  always  had  been, 
an  unmitigated  sin  against  God  and  humanity  ;" 
that  "  We,  as  a  Church,  stand  intimately  asso- 
ciated with  the  weal  or  woe  of  this  Nation  ;" 
that  "  while  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  is 
and  has  ever  been  Anti-Slavery,  there  is  much 
that  she  can  and  ought  to  do,  to  place  her  in 
an  unequivocal  position  before  the  world  ;  "  that 
"  in  tlie  judgment  of  this  Conference,  the  Gen- 
eral Rule  should  be  so  amended  as  to  make 
Slaveholding  a  test  of  membership  ;"  and  that 
"we  rejoice  at  the  increasing  public  sentiment 
against  Slavery." 

Following  is  a  list  of  veterans  in  the  Metho- 
dist service,  as  given  by  the  records  of  Central 
Ohio  Conference  in  1870,  who  then  retained 
their  connection  with  the  Church,  with  date  of 
commencement  of  service  and  Postoffice  address 
at  the  date  named  : 

S.  H.  Alderman,  1841,  Kenton ;  S.  M.  Allen,* 
1833,  Davton  ;  Joseph  Ayres.f  1846,  Kenton  ;  Rich- 
ard Biggs,  1840,  Rawsoii;  C.  B.  Brandebury.f  1838, 
Delaware ;  Harvey  Camp,*  1833,  New  York ;  Ira 
Chase,*  1835,  Delaware  ;  R.  H.  Chubb,t  1838,  Perrys- 
burg; Elnathan  C.  Gavitt,  1830,  Toledo  ;  David  Gray,* 
183.5,  Findlay ;  Wm.  L.  Harris,  1837,  New  York ; 
Alex.  Harmount,  1843,  Delaware  ;  J.  S.  Kalb,  1843, 
Sylvania  ;  Salmon  Lindsav,  1843,  Forest ;  Wm.  S. 
Lunt,*  1846,  Toledo;  Samuel  Lvnch.t  1843,  Mt.  Ver- 
non ;  D.  D.  Mather,  1842,  Delaware  ;  H.  E.  Pilcher,t 
1830,  Van  Wert;  Henry  O.  Sheldon,*  1825,  North 
Bass  Island ;  Philip  Wareham,*  1842,  Whartens- 
burg;  Wesley  J.  Wells.t  1835,  Toledo;  Edward 
Williams,*  1835,  Lima  ;  Thos.  H.  Wilson,  1842,  Tole- 
do; W.  W.  Winter,  1842,  Toledo;  Joseph  Wykes, 
1847,  Sidney.    (*Superannuated.     tSupernumerary.) 

Rev.  Elnathan  C.  Gavitt  first  came  to  the 
Maumee  Valley  in  1827,  as  an  Itinerant 
Preacher  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 
At  that  time  there  was  not  a  bridge  across  any 
stream  in  this  section  of  country.  He  had 
often  been  compelled  to  swim  streams ;  in 
doing  which,  it  was  his  custom  to  fiisten  his 
saddle-bags  to  the  top  of  the  horn  of  his  saddle  ; 
fasten  up  the  stirrups  ;  then  drive  his  horse 
into  the  stream,  catch  him  by  the  tail,  and  thus 
be  towed  across.  He  had  gone  through  the 
Black  Swamp  fi-om  Perrysburg  to  Lower  San- 


dusky (Fremont),  when  his  horse  scarcely 
touched  the  ground  the  entire  distance,  trav- 
eling whollj'  on  ice.  There  was  then  no  road 
through  the  Swamp,  and  travelers  were  com- 
pelled to  follow  a  trail.  He  had  been  four  daj-s 
in  making  the  trip  of  31  miles.  He  labored 
among  the  Wyandot  Indians  at  Upper  San- 
dusky, in  1833,  and  at  other  limes  in  Canada  ; 
while  his  itinerancy  covered  most  localities  in 
Northern  and  Northwestern  Ohio. 

CONGREGATIONAL   CHURCHES. 

What  is  now  known  as  the  First  Congrega- 
tional Church  of  Toledo,  had  its  origin  in  the 
First  Presbj'terian  Church,  which  was  organ- 
ized in  1833,  being  the  first  oi'ganization  of  a 
Church  within  the  present  limits  of  Toledo. 
The  first  three  Ministers  of  the  Church  (serv- 
ing as  stated  supplies  only)  were  Rev.  War- 
ren Isham,  Rev.  Isaac  Flagler,  and  Rev.  Geo. 
R.  Haswell.  In  1841,  under  Mr.  Haswell's 
ministry,  the  Chui'ch  changed  its  form  of  gov- 
ernment from  Presbyterian  to  Congregational. 
During  the  ministry  of  Rev.  Mr.  Lawrence,  a 
portion  of  the  Church,  with  the  Minister,  re- 
turned to  Presbyterian  government,  from 
which  time  until  1844,  two  organizations  exis- 
ted. In  July,  1844,  the  two  came  together,  as 
the  First  Congregational  Church.  In  February, 
1845,  the  Church  was  admitted  to  the  Maumee 
Presbytery,  on  what  was  known  as  the  "  Plan 
of  Union,"  under  which  many  Congregational 
Churches  in  Northern  Ohio,  while  retaining 
their  peculiar  form  of  government,  were  admit- 
ted to  representation  in  the  judicatories  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church.  At  the  time  named, 
this  Church  had  33  members.  In  September, 
1844,  Rev.  Wm.  H.  Beecher  was  chosen  as 
Pastor,  but  never  was  installed,  although  act- 
ing as  Minister  until  1847,  when  Rev.  Anson 
Smylhe  became  the  Pastor,  continuing  as  such 
until  January,  1850.  The  services  on  the  oc- 
casion of  the  installation  of  Mr.  Smythe  were 
participated  in  by  the  following  named  Minis- 
ters: Rev.  Mr.  Emerson,  of  Plain,  Wood 
County  ;  Rev.  Mr.  Tomlinson,  of  Maumee  City  ; 
Rev.  Mr.  Johnson,  of  Fulton  ;  Rev.  Mr.  Tucker, 
of  Defiance,  and  Rev.  Mr.  Fay,  of  Montgom- 
ery, Wood  County.  The  choir  was  led  by 
Deacon  Mavor  Brigham.  The  membership  of 
the  Church  to  that  time  had  been  as  follows: 
January  1st,  1845,  38;  1846,  43;  1847,  42; 
1850,  66.  During  Mr.  Beecher's  service,  a  new 
house  of  worship  was  erected  on  a  lot  donated 
by  the  proprietors  of  the  Port  Lawrence  Town 
plat,  being  the  present  site  of  the  edifice  of  the 
Church.  The  cost  of  the  building  was  about 
16,500,  or  about  $100  for  each  member. 

The  first  Church  edifice  erected  in  Toledo, 
was  built  largely  at  the  expense  of  Heman 
Walbridge  and  Edward  Bissell,  on  the  corner 
of  Cherry  and  Superior  Streets,  and  for  the  use 
of  this  Church,  having  been  dedicated  May  3, 
1838.     The  building  was  dedicated  M.ay  3, 1838, 


PERMANENT  RELIGIOUS   WORK. 


589 


the  sermon    bein^  delivered    by    Rev.   D.    C. 
Bloodgood,    of    Tecumsch,     Michigan.      The 
Pastor  at  that   time  was    Eev.  Isaac    Fhigler. 
The  lionse  was  occupied  for  such  purpose    for 
some  time,  but   ere  long,    under  the   financial 
prostration   of  that  period,  it   was  sold  by  the 
Sheriff  and  passed  into  tiie  hands  of  the  Catho- 
lic Church.     The    building  was   of  wood,  and 
now  constitutes  a  portion  of  the  School-build- 
ing in    rear  of  St.   Francis    de    Sales    Church. 
Eev.  Samuel  Wright  became  the  Pastor  of  the 
Church  in  Julj',  1851,  serving  about  one  J'ear, 
wlien  he   died  of  cholera,  to  which   disease  he 
subjected  himself  by  exposure  in  hei'oic  attend- 
ance upon  those  sick  with  the  same.  About  one 
year  from  that  time,  Rev.  Wm.  W.  Williams,  of 
Camillus,  New  York,  was   called,  and  Septem- 
ber 1,  1853,  entered  upon  the  pastorate,  which, 
to  this  time — a  period  of  34  years — still  con- 
tinues.    In   1856,    the  Church    edifice    having 
become    inadequate  for   the  demands    of  the 
congregation,   it   was    enlarged    at  a    cost   of 
about  §4,500.     In  May,  18(31,  the  building  was 
destroyed  by  fire,  and  the  Church  temporarily 
occupied    White's  Hall,    a    commodious   room 
then  just  completed,    217-221  Summit    Street. 
A  new  and  larger  edifice  was  built  at  a  cost  of 
$20,000,  and  was  dedicated  February  22,  1863, 
the   following  clergymen   taking  part    in    the 
services:     Rev.    E.    F.    Piatt,  Pastor    of  First 
Baptist  Church,   Toledo ;    Rev.  G.  A.  Adams, 
Pastor  Presbj'terian  Church,  Perrysburg;  Rev. 
J.  E.  Weed,  City  Missionary,  Toledo;  Rev.  E. 
Bushnell,  of  Presbyterian  Church,  Fremont; 
Rev.  J.  W.  Walter,  Pastor  Pi-esbyterian  Church, 
Milan  ;    Rev.    Mr.  Judson,  Sylvania  ;  and    the 
Pastor,  Rev.  Wm.  W.   Williams.     In  1877,  the 
accommodations  of  the  Church  having  again 
become    insufficient,    when  the  present  larger 
and  more  elegant  edifice  was  erected  at  a  cost, 
including    furniture,     organ    and    carpets,  of 
$55,000.  ■" 

When  the  matter  of  building  a  house  of 
worship  was  decided  on  in  1844,  the  question 
of  location  arose.  Two  offers  were  made  the 
Society — one  by  the  Port  Lawrence  Company, 
through  Wm.  Oliver,  its  Trustee,  of  the  lot  on 
St.  Clair  Street,  the  present  site  of  the  Church  ; 
and  another  by  the  late  Jessup  W.  Scott,  of 
the  lot  on  the  Southwest  corner  of  Adams  and 
Huron  Streets.  A  Committee  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees  visited  the  two  locations.  Thej^  found 
the  former  in  a  wild  state,  without  Street  or 
other  improvement  nearer  to  it  than  Summit 
Street,  save  a  partially  covered  frame  where 
now  stands  the  West  end  of  the  Hall  Block 
(corner  of  Jefferson  Street).  St.  Clair  was  not 
theu  opened,  nor  was  there  any  clearing  with- 
in half  a  mile  to  the  Northwest.  The  Com- 
mittee visited  the  Adams  Street  lot.  To  get  to 
it  they  were  compelled  to  pick  their  way  on 
logs,  bogs  and  isolated  points  of  earth,  sur- 
rounded by  standing  water  of  greater  or  less 
dejJth.      Finally  reaching  the  spot,  they  found 


a  piece  of  ground  a  foot  above  the  water  and 
about  large  enough  for  a  Church  site;  but 
without  access  except  as  stated.  It  was  at 
once  found  that  it  would  require  more  to  pro- 
vide a  road  to  the  lot,  than  they  had  raised  for 
the  erection  of  an  edifice ;  hence  that  site  was 
given  up  and  the  other  chosen.  It  is  only 
those  who  saw  that  portion  of  Toledo  in  those 
days,  who  can  ajjpreciate  the  contrast  of  the 
view  then  seen  with  the  one  presented  in  the 
large  and  elegant  buildings  now  surrounding 
the  Church,  and  in  the  substantial  structures 
which  have  succeeded  the  bogs,  pools  and 
morass  of  the  Mud  Creek  region. 

The  edifice  of  1844  was  45x70  feet  in  size, 
and  was  set  back  from  the  Street  to  allow  for  a 
front  addition  of  33  feet,  which  was  made  in 
1856.  Among  the  contents  of  the  box  placed 
in  the  corner-stone  of  the  building  were  the 
following  : 

A  copy  of  the  Toledo  Blade,  of  date  of  September 
13,  1844,  Jessup  W.  Scott,  Editor ;  and  Abel  W.  Fair- 
banks, Publisher.  It  was  a  Whig  paper,  and  then 
supported  Henry  Clay  as  the  Whig  candidate  for 
President,  With  that  was  a  copy  (Volume  1.,  No.  2) 
of  the  Toledo  Gazette  (Levi  Shaw,  "Publisher),  a  Demo- 
cratic paper,  supporting  James  K.  Polk  for  President. 
Also,  a  list  of  suljscribersto  the  building  fund  of  1844, 
was  there,  which  contained  the  names  of  John  Fitch, 
James  Myers,  W.  J.  Daniels,  Richard  Mott,  Charles 
Butler  (New  York),  David  Crane,  Henry  Bennett, 
Calvin  Stevens,  Chas.  G.  Keeler,  Coleman  I.  Keeler, 
Jr.,  D.  O.  Morton,  Wm.  H.  Raymond,  Salter  Cleve- 
land, Ira  L.  Clark,  J.  W.  Turner,  C.  M.  Dorr,  Thos. 
Southa'rd,  H.  P.  Espy,  Mavor  Brigham,  Leander  Hill, 
Calvin  Smith,  Joseph  Jones,  O.sgood  &  Read,  M.  L. 
Collins,  Matthew  Brown,  L.  Lindsley.  L.  1.  Loomis, 
Leveret  Bissell,  Edwin  Avery,  J.  D.  Thomas,  John 
Mosher.  The  subscriptions  ranged  in  amounts  from 
$•")  to  $300,  of  which  9  were  payable  in  materials  and 
labor.     The  total  was  $2,070. 

This  box,  with  its  contents,  was  deposited  in 
the  corner  stone  of  the  new  building,  which 
was  dedicated  February  22,  1863,  and  was 
again  j)laced  in  like  position  in  the  third  edi- 
fice, erected  in  1877,  with  suitable  additions  of 
like  nature. 

The  growth  of  this  Church  in  merabershiii 
during  the  past  34  years,  is  shown  by  the  fol- 
lowing statement  of  members :  In  1853,  83 
members  ;  in  1860,  132;  in  1865,  255  ;  in  1870, 
407;  in  1886,  518;  in  1887,  521.  The  largest 
accession  in  membership  was  in  1866  (68  upon 
profession  of  faith,  and  45  by  letter).  The 
next  highest  in  one  year  was  75,  in  1858  (50 
upon  profession  and  25  by  letter). 

Three  outgrowths  from  this  Church  have 
taken  place.  The  first  was  in  1854,  for  the 
formation  of  the  First  Prcsbj'terian  Church  ; 
the  second,  in  1865,  for  the  organization  of 
Westminster  Presbyterian  Church ;  and  the 
third,  in  1873,  when  the  Washington  Sti'eet 
Congregational  Church  was  instituted.  The 
latter  two  cases  made  the  heaviest  drafts  upon 
the  membership  of  this  Church  ;  and  it  is  notice- 
able, that  each  was  followed  the  next  year  by 


590 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


additions  of  members  which  far  more  than 
compensated  for  tlie  loss  by  withdrawal. 

A  prominent  feature  of  the  work  of  this 
Church,  for  more  than  34  years  past,  has  been 
its  Sabbath  School,  which  has  been  large  and 
flourishing,  a  fixct  largely  due  to  the  efScient 
management  of  the  Pastor,  under  whose  direc- 
tion it  has  been  throughout  that  time. 

The  officers  of  the  Church  for  1887,  were  as 
follows : 

Standing  Committee— Deacons  Mavor  Brigham, 
Salmon  H.  Keeler,  Samuel  Bement,  Franklin  Hub- 
bard and  Chancev  H.  Buck  ;  and  D.  N.  Trowbridge, 
James  A.  Tenney,  Wm.  H.  Eager,  Geo.  R.  Haynes  and 
W.  A.  Rundell. 

Trustees-S.  11.  Keeler  (President),  F.  Hubbard, 
C.  H.  Buck,  Fred.  Eaton,  M.  D.  Carrington  (deceased). 

Secretary  and  Treasurer— J.  AV.  AValterhouse. 

The  first  Sabbath  School  work  undertaken 
in  the  region  East  of  Toledo  was  in  1849,  when 
Kev.  Ezra  Howland,  a  veteran  minister  of  the 
Congregational  denomination,  established  a 
School  in  an  old  log  Church.  A  second  School 
was  opened  at  DeBolt's  Corners,  not  long  there- 
after, by  Horace  N.  Howland,  son  of  the  pio- 
neer. This  work  soon  passed  into  the  hands 
of  the  United  Brethren.  Eev.  Mr.  Howland 
also  established  a  School  in  the  Oregon  Town- 
House,  which  was  taken  in  charge  by  the  Lu- 
therans. 

Oliver  M.  Brown  organized  the  first  Sabbath 
School  in  East  Toledo,  on  an  undenominational 
basis,  and  managed  it  until  he  went  into  the 
Army  in  1861.  This  movement  was  the  plant 
of  the  Baptist  Church,  organized  not  long 
thereafter. 

First  Congregational  Church  of  Oregon 
Township,  organized  in  1849,  became,  in  Janu- 
ary, 1869,  Second  Congregational  Church 
of  Toledo.  Its  house  of  worshij)  is  located 
North  side  Fourth,  between  Cherry  and  Oak 
Streets.  The  Pastor  in  1887,  was  'Rev.  J.  C. 
Aganere,  when  its  membership  was  124. 

Central  Congregational  Church  was  or- 
ganized February  5,  1881,  its  membershijj  con- 
sisting mainly  of  persons  bearing  letters  from 
Westminster  Presbyterian  Church.  Eeverend 
Henry  M.  Bacon,  f).  D.,  for  15  years  Pastor  of 
the  latter  Church,  was  chosen  to  like  fiosition 
in  the  new  organization.  The  officers  chosen 
were  as  follows :  Deacons — David  E.  Merrill 
and  Albert  Cooke.  Deaconesses — Mesdames  E. 
Bateman,  C.  L.  Young  and  B.  Bramwell.  For 
purposes  of  worship  the  building  previously 
erected  for  the  Independent  (sometimes  known 
as  Unitarian)  Church,  at  the  corner  of  Adams 
and  10th  Streets,  was  engaged,  which  since 
that  time  has  been  materially  improved.  The 
membership  in  1887  was  265.  Dr.  Bacon  con- 
tinues as  the  Pastor. 

Washington  St.  Congregational  Church. 
—In  the  Summer  of  1860,  a  Sabbath  School 
was  opened  in  a  small  frame  dwelling  house  on 


Erie  Street,  and  near  the  Canal  Weigh-Locks. 
It  received  the  name  of"  Point  Mission."  The 
movement  was  not  the  most  hopeful,  the  char- 
acter of  the  neighborhood  being  such  as  at  one 
time  to  require  for  the  School  the  protecting 
care  of  a  Policeman.  Its  friends  persisted  in 
their  efforts,  and  by  September  were  fairly  es- 
tablished, with  Daniel  A.  Waterman  as  Super- 
intendent, who  served  until  January,  1864. 
The  succeeding  Superintendents  were  as  fol- 
lows :  Don  A.  Pease,  January,  1864,  to  January, 
1865;  C.  H.  Buck,  January,  1865,  to  January, 
1875.  In  1873,  the  School  having  been  re- 
moved to  Washington  Street,  near  Dorr,  a  per- 
manent organization — Washington  Street  Con- 
gregational Church — was  effected,  and  the 
Sabbath  School  connected  with  it.  From  1875 
the  Superintendents  were  E.  H.  Ehoades,  Rev. 
Ira  C.  Billman  and  Marion  Lawrance— the  last 
the  present  incumbent.  The  Pastors  of  the 
new  Church  have  been  as  follows:  From  Octo- 
ber, 1873,  to  September,  1874,  Rev.  Jacob  F. 
Ellis;  October,  1874,  to  October,  1876,  Rev.  Ira 
C.  Billman  ;  October,  1876,  to  September,  1881, 
Rev.  Robert  McCune ;  October,  1881,  to  Janu- 
ary, 1883,  Rev.  T.  C.  Northcott ;  April,  1883, 
to  October,  1885,  Rev.  Joseph  H.  Jenkins ; 
October,  1885,  to  October,  1887,  Rev.  A.  B. 
White. 

Lagrange  Street  Mission  Church.  On  the 
14th  July,  1867,  a  Sabbath  School  was  started 
in  the  Protestant  Orphans'  Home,  which  had 
been  opened  in  January  preceding.  Mr.  C.  H. 
Buck  had  charge  of  the  enterprise,  with  Miss 
Jane  E.  McMillan  as  his  Assistant.  The  at- 
tendance of  Scholars  at  first  was  14.  In  April, 
1875,  a  small  building  across  the  Street  was 
rented.  May  20,  1883,  a  new  Chapel  building 
was  dedicated,  and  June  3,  following,  Lagrange 
Street  Mission  Church  was  organized,  and  Rev. 
P.  S.  Slevin  chosen  as  Chaplain.  In  March, 
1884,  Rev.  A.  D.  Olds  became  Pastor  of  the 
Church,  serving  as  such  for  two  years,  when, 
owing  to  poor  health,  he  was  compelled  to 
withdraw.  Between  September,  1867,  and  Oc- 
tober, 1874,  Col.  D.  F.  DeWolf,  C.  H.  Scott  and 
T.  A.  Nelson  acted  as  Superintendent.  At  the 
latter  date  Mr.  Buck  resumed  charge,  and  has 
continued  as  Superintendent  to  this  time. 

PROTESTANT  EPISCOPAL. 

The  first  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  organ- 
ized within  Lucas  County,  was  St.  Paul's, 
Maumee  City.  This  took  place  in  1837,  the 
first  clergyman  in  charge  being  Rev.  B.  H. 
Hickox,  from  the  Diocese  of  New  York.  The 
second  Episcopal  organization  in  the  County 
took  place  at  Manhattan,  in  1838. 

The  first  record  found  of  services  in  Toledo, 
under  auspices  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church,  is  that  Rev.  Mr.  Lyster  held  services 
"  at  the  Court-Room,  Port  Lawrence,"  April 
22, 1837. 


PERMANENT  RELIGIOUS  WORK. 


691 


TRINITY  "CHURCH. 


Trinity  Church. — The  first  step  taken 
toward  the  organization  of  a  Church  of  that 
denomination  iu  Toledo  consisted  of  the  visit 
of  Bishop  Mcllvaiue,  in  May,  1840,  when  he 
held  service  and  preached  in  the  Presb^'terian 
Church,  corner  of  Cherry  and  Superior  Streets, 
now  the  site  of  St.  Francis  de  Sales  Church. 
This  action  was  followed  by  Rev.  Joseph  S. 
Large,  Rector  of  St.  Paul's,  MaumeeCity,  who 
held  frequent  services  here  on  Sunday  after- 
noons, making  the  trip  from  Maumee  on  horse- 
back, and  returning  lor  his  regular  evening 
service.  The  room  occupied  in  Toledo  was  in 
a  frame  building  on  Summit  Street,  between 
Cherry  and  Walnnt,  which  now  has  a  brick 
front.  So  successful  were  such  labors  that  in 
March,  1842,  Bisboj)  Mcllvaine  again  visited 
Toledo,  when  a  meeting  of  citizens  interested 
in  the  enterprise  was  held,  at  which  the  follow- 
ing paper  was  adopted  and  signed,  to  wit; 

We,  whose  names  are  hereto  affixed,  deeply  im- 
pressed with  the  importance  of  the  Christian  reli- 
gion, and  earnestly  wishing  to  promote  its  holj'  in- 
fluence in  the  hearts  and  lives  of  ourselves,  our  fam- 
ilies and  our  neighbors,  do  hereby  associate  ourselves 
together  under  the  name,  style,  and  title  of  the  Parish 
of  Trinity  Church,  in  the  Township  of  Toledo,  Coun- 
ty of  Lucas,  and  State  of  Ohio,  and  by  so  doing  do 
adopt  the  constitution  and  canons  of  the  Protestant 
Episcopal  Church  of  the  Diocese  of  Ohio,  in  commu- 
nion with  tne  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  of  the 
United  States  of  America. 

The  foregoing  paper  bears  the  names  of  the 
following  persons,  to  wit:  Myron  II.  Tilden, 
Dr.  Geo.  R.  Perkins,  Daniel  O.  Morton,  Levi 
S.  Lown.sbur3-,  D.  F.  Stowe,  Leverett  Bi.ssell, 
A.  Ralston  jr.,  James  I.  Fullorton,  Truman  C. 
Everts,  Andrew  Palmer.  Theo.  S.  Daniels, 
Decius  Wadsworth,  Daniel  Wadsworth, 
Charles  Ira  Scott,  and  Denison  B.  Smith. 
Within  the  next  two  years  the  names  of 
Egbert   B.  Brown,  Thomas   H.  Hough,   Tim- 


othy Trodwell,  Wm.  N.  Newton,  Daniel 
Swift,  Chas.  B.  Phillips,  Henry  Bennett, 
Simeon  Fitch,  Matthew  Johnson,  and  Chas.  R. 
Miller,  were  added.  Of  the  original  number, 
Mr.  Scott  is  now  the  only  resident  survivor. 
Mr.  Palmer  is  at  Janesville,  Wis.;  Judge  Tilden, 
at  Cincinnati  ;  Mr.  Ralston  at  Lockport, 
New  York.  At  that  time  all  corporations  wei'e 
authorized  b}'  special  act  of  the  Legislature, 
and  on  the  19th  of  December,  1842,  a  meeting 
was  held  at  the  room  named  (then  occupied  by 
the  City  Council),  at  which  steps  were  taken  for 
the  legal  organization  of  the  "  Wardens  and 
Vestry  of  Trinity  Church,  Toledo."  At  that 
meeting  Emery  D.  Potter  was  Chairman  and 
A.  Ralston,  Jr.,  Secretary.  The  act  of  incor- 
poration having  been  accepted,  the  following 
named  Wardens  and  Vestrymen  were  chosen; 
Senior  Warden — Emery  D.  Potter  ;  Junior  War- 
den— Andrew  Palmer.  Vestrymen — Leverett 
Bissell,  Myron  H.  Tilden,  Daniel  O.  Morton, 
Alexander  Ralston,  Leander  Hill,  Dwight  F. 
Stow,  Hiram  C.  Clark,  Levi  S.  Lownsbury. 
Rev.  Mr.  Large  was  asked  to  continue  his  ser- 
vices with  the  Church,  and  did  so.  In  April, 
1842,  he  was  invited  to  become  its  Rector,  and 
in  July  assumed  such  office,  holding  the  same 
for  a  time.  June  28,  1844,  Levi  S.  Lowns- 
bury, Chas.  I.  Scott  and  Denison  B.  Smith, 
were  recommended  to  the  Bishoj)  for  appoint- 
ment as  lay  readers.  In  Jul}',  1844,  Rev.  Mr. 
Sttirgis  was  requested  to  hold  one  service  each 
week,  for  the  sum  of  $5  each.  At  the  same 
time  steps  were  taken  for  the  erection  of  a 
house  of  worship,  which  was  completed  in 
January,  1845,  and  consecrated  November  16th, 
following,  by  Bishop  Mcllvaiue.  The  Blade 
expressed  gratification  in  the  fact  that  a  con- 
siderable number  of  citizens  of  Maumcc  wore 
present  on  the  occasion,  and  the  belief  that 
"  the  habit  of  worshipping  together  would  pro- 


592 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


duce  more  kindly  feelings  between  the  more 
liberal  people  of  the  uoighboring  Towns." 
This  building  was  of  wood  and  occupied  the 
site  of  the  present  edifice  corner  of  Adams  and 
St.  Clair  Streets, until  removed  across  St.  Clair 
Street,    where  it    now  stands.     In    February, 

1845,  Eev.  D.J.  Burger  was  elected  Eector,  at  a 
salary  of  S500,  holding  the  position  until  May, 

1846,  when  ill  health  compelled  his  re.signa- 
tion.  He  died  June  13,  1847,  aged  33  years. 
Mr.  Burger  left  a  wife  and  children.  Rev. 
Charles  Avery  succeeded  in  September,  and 
remained  some  time.  Between  the  withdrawal 
of  Mr.  Burger,  in  1846,  and  March,  1848,  no 
less  than  five  clergymen  had  been  elected  as 
Rector,  and  declined,  to  wit:  Rev.  Mr.  Cush- 
ing,  of  West  Farms,  N.  Y.,  in  1846  ;  Rev.  Mr. 
Phelps,  of  New  York,  November,  1847  ;  Rev. 
Mr.  Evans,  New  York,  December,  1847;  and 
Rev.  James  A.  Bolles,  now  of  Cleveland,  Janu- 
ary 31st,  1848.  The  total  number  of  persons 
elected  to  that  time,  was  13.  March  20,  1848, 
Rev.  Henrj-  B.  Walbridge,  of  Lockport,  New 
York,  was  called  to  the  charge  of  the  Chnrch, 
and  accepted,  his  salary  subsequently  being 
fixed  at  $750.  Up  to  that  time  the  Parish  was 
represented  at  different  periods  in  the  Vestry 
by  E.  D.  Potter,  Andrew  Palmer,  Alexander 
Ralston,  Levi  S.  Lownsbury,  Myron  H.  Tilden, 
Daniel  O.  Morton,  Leander  Hill,  Dwight  F. 
Stow,  Hiram  C.  Clark,  W.  Titus,  Henry  Ben- 
nett, C.  I.  Scott,  Thos.  H.  Hough,  Decius  Wads- 
worth,  E.  B.  Brown,  W^.  A.  Chamberlin,  Ira  L. 
Clark,  Simeon  Fitch,  Jr.,  Matthew  Johnson,  W. 
H.  Newton,  Thos.  Manly,  Daniel  Swift,  E. 
Haskell,  Geo.  Pendleton  and  D.  B.  Smith. 

Under  the  lead  of  the  new  Rector  the  Church 
soon  showed  evidence  of  new  life  and  unwonted 
advancement.  It  was  his  first  Pastoral  care, 
and  continued  for  20  years  (until  1868),  when 
he  resigned  to  continue  his  service  in  Brook- 
lyn, New  York.  The  withdrawal  of  Dr.  Wal- 
bridge was  an  occasion  of  much  interest  with 
the  Church,  and  called  forth  a  strong  expres- 
sion of  regret  at  his  step  and  desire  for  his 
welfare  and  usefulness.  In  a  letter  dated  at 
Brooklyn,  November  27,  1876,  Dr.  Walbridge 
refers  with  some  detail,  to  the  condition  of 
Toledo  as  found  on  his  arrival  and  during  the 
earlier  years  of  his  residence  here.  Among 
other  things,  he  said: 

It  was  in  the  latter  part  of  the  first  week  in  April, 
after  a  slow,  lingering-by-the-way  voyage  from  Buf- 
falo, on  that  even  then  venerable  high-pressure, 
hoarse-coughing,  tub-shaped  steamer  Dewitt  Clinton, 
that  I  reached  your  city  in  the  very  nick  of  time, 
the  frost-loosening,  cloud  .showering,  spring  tide 
season,  to  see  it  in  the  full  bloom  of  its  then  chief 
glory,  viz.:  The  glory  of  mud  ;  mud  on  the  right  of 
you,  mud  on  the  left  of  you,  mud  right  in  front  of 
you,  mud  everywhere.  Incomparable  mud,  yellow 
and  blue  ;  here  and  there  green,  sometimes  stiff, 
generally  soft  and  always  greasy. 

I  doubt  if  the  very  worst  conditioned  streets  in 
the  newest  quarters  of  your  rapidlv  growing,  wide- 
spreading  City  can  afl'ord  the  beholder  an  approxi- 


mate idea  of  the  forbidding  aspect  of  its  chief  avenue 
in  1848.  From  Adams  almost  to  Monroe  on  Summit 
street,  now  fronted  on  either  side  with  large  and 
elegant  structures,  an<l  entirely  occupied  with 
mercantile  buildings,  was  banked  on  both  sides  with 
walls  of  clay  varying  in  height  from  o  to  20  feet,  and 
looked  very  much  like  the  channel  of  an  abandoned 
ship-canal.  On  the  Northerly  side  there  was  a  plank 
side-walk,  here  and  there  tipped  up  by  the  pressure 
of  scooping  slides  of  its  clay  rampart,  to  an  angle,  at 
all  times  inconvenient,  and  im  a  wet  day  often  put- 
ting uncareful  pedestrians  through  acrobatic  exer- 
cises more  amusing  to  the  beholders,  than  satisfac- 
tory to  the  performers.  The  roadway  for  the  spring 
and  fall  and  sometimes  for  most  of  the  winter  season, 
was  very  much  like  the  puddling  pit  of  an  old 
fashioned  brick  yard,  severely  challenging  the 
courage  of  a  strong  team,  and  sometimes  compell- 
ing the  inglorious  surrender  of  a  half  loaded  cart  to 
the  sovereign  majesty  of  mud. 

Dr.  Walbridge  located  his  family  on  Elm 
Street,  and  his  letter  describes  a  trip  thence 
to  the  Church,  thus: 

Let  us  go  now  and  see  the  Church,  observing  on 
our  way  its  immediate  surroundings.  We  can  reach 
it  from  Down  Town  by  the  plank  walk  on  the  North- 
westerly side  of  Summit  Street,  the  only  one  con- 
necting two  nuclei  of  residences,  which  were  dis- 
tinctly separated  by  a  broad  unoccupied  space,  ex- 
tending from  Cherry  nearly  to  3Iadison.  Near  the 
Northwest  corner  of  Cherry  Street  are  two  frame 
dwellings,  one  occupied  by  Egberts.  Brown,  a  Vestry- 
man of  the  Parish.  Passing  diagonally  across  the 
head  of  St.  Clair  Street  and  looking  in  the  direction 
of  that  Street,  over  the  low  land,  here  an<l  there 
dotted  with  bogs  a  little  more  swampy  than  the  rest, 
we  see  scarcely  a  house  of  any  kind  short  of  Ira  L. 
Clark's  at  the  corner  of  Washington  and  l\Iichigan, 
and  Edward  Bissell's  one-story  cottage  at  the  corner 
of  Monroe  and  Eleventh  Streets.  Passing  on,  we  see 
neither  store  nor  dwelling  on  either  side  of  Summit 
Street  until  within  10  or  12  rods  of  Adams  we  find 
what  was  evidently  intended  for  a  dwelling,  now 
occupied  as  a  furniture  shop  (Stockman's),  and 
near  it  is  a  small  brick  building,  in  which  was  the 
Postofiice.  Nearing  Adams,  at  our  right  hand  corner 
is  a  deep  excavation  made  preparatory  to  the  erec- 
tion of  a  large  public  Hotel,  which  the  boys  call 
"Trinity  Pond."  Nearly  opposite  is  a  two-story 
wooden  structure  standing  on  log  stilts  over  the  head 
of  a  deep  ravine,  the  office  of  the  Toledo  Blade. 
Looking  towards  the  River  over  ponds  of  water,  in- 
closed by  the  filling  in  of  Water  Street,  we  see  here  and 
there  a  number  of  store  houses  dotting  the  River 
front,  notably  those  at  the  foot  of  Cherry  Street, 
occupied  by  Brown  &  King,  Denison  B.  Smith,  C.  A. 
King  &  Co.,  and  others.  Or  suppose  we  come  from 
the  opposite  direction  from  the  Indiana  House,  a 
pretentious  edifice,  with  ponderous  columns  sup- 
porting nothing,  at  the  corner  of  Perry  and  Summit 
Streets.  We  first  pass  a  few  stores  closely  packed 
together,  till  arriving  mid-way  between  Monroe  and 
.lefferson  we  come  to  a  high  clay  bank,  on  which 
stands  a  dilapidated  structure  called  the  .lefferson 
House ;  beyond  that  the  continuation  of  the  same 
bank  with  nothing  on  it ;  then  Stow's  jewelry  store, 
at  the  corner  of  Jefl'erson,  crossing  which,  save  one 
wood  frame  loftily  perched,  we  find  no  buildings  of 
any  kind  on  either  side  of  Summit  Street.  CToing 
along  Adams  to  near  its  intersection  with  St.  Clair, 
we  come  to  the  Church  yard  gate,  ascend  a  short 
flight  of  steps  to  the  Church  yard  level,  then  about 
20  feet  further  another  flight  and  we  stand  ou  a  nar- 
row uncovered  platform  at  the  Church  door,  from 
whence  looking  across  St.  Clair  Street  nothing  ob- 


PERMANENT  RELIGIOUS   WORK. 


593 


struc'ts  a  wide  view  of  tlie  native  forest.  Across 
Sutnuiit  Street  the  eye  rests  upon  the  broad  River 
and  its  beautiful  further  shore,  bright  witli  living 
verdure  even  to  the  water's  edge. 

Entering  the  Church  we  fln<l  a  flat  ceiled  rodin  30 
feet  long,  60  wide,  having  windows  large  enough  for 
a  Cathedral,  but  comfortably  darliened  with  outside 
blinds.  Against  the  rear  end  wall  a  black  fortilica- 
tion,  looking  very  much  like  the  Judge's  bench  in  a 
Court  House,  and  broad  enough  to  hold  a  platoon  of 
Soldiers,  this  was  the  pulpit.  The  robing  room  was 
a  dark  closet,  about  three  by  six  feet,  at  one  end  of 
the  vestibule;  at  the  other  end,  stairs  leading  to  a 
gallery  over  the  vestibule.  This  location  of  the 
robing  retreat,  it  will  be  seen,  requires  the  Minister 
to  do  some  traveling  during  service  time  (four  times 
the  length  of  the  Church),  for  it  would  have  been 
very  perilous  in  those  days  to  have  preached  in  a 
surplice  anywhere,  and  especially  in  Ohio.  Entering 
the  pulpit,  we  have  on  our  left  hand,  occupying  a 
large  square  ])ew,  Judge  Mason  and  family,  on  the 
right,  a  cluster  of  young  unmarried  men,  JNIanly, 
Everts,  Phillips  and  others.  In  the  farther  right 
hand  pew,  Henry  Bennett  and  family.  Correspond- 
ing in  the  far  corner,  Decius  Wadsworth  and  family. 
Elsewhere  scattered  about,  Matthew  Johnson,  Egbert 
S.  Brown*,  General  Brown,  Charlesl.  Scott*,  Levi  S. 
Lownsbury,  George  Pendleton,  Robert  Lawton,  T.  H. 
Hough,  James  M.  Comstock,  Edward  Strong,  James 
M.  Whitney,  Ira  L.  Clark,  Willard  J.  Daniels,  Charles 
A.  King*,  Judge  Tilden*,  Doctor  Hazlett, Thomas  Dun- 
lap*,  D.  B.  Smith*,  Frank  J.  King*,  A.  W.  Fairbanks*, 
Frederick  Bissell,  and  many  others  with  their  fami- 
lies, making  together  a  congregation  of  a  hundred 
and  more,  in  point  of  intelligence  ami  social  standing 
much  above  the  average. 

Of  the  26  persons  iiere  named  by  Dr.  Wal- 
bridge  as  in  the  congregation  of  1848,  tiie  eight 
marked  vyith  a  star  were  living  in  November, 
1887. 

In  February,  1869,  Eev.  James  Muloahey, 
D.  D.,  was  elected  Eector,  and  accepted  the 
call,  and  remained  with  the  Church  to  its  gen- 
eral acceptance  and  success  until  his  resigna- 
tion in  January,  1874,  at  which  time  he  was 
appointed  as  a  minister  in  Trinity  Church, 
New  York  City. 

January  24,  1874,  Eev.  B.  E.  Atwill  was 
elected  Eector,  and  declined. 

In  March  following,  Eev.  Leigbton  Cole- 
man, D.  D.,  was  elected,  and  soon  entered  upon 
the  work,  remaining  until  March,  1870,  when, 
in  consequence  of  the  ill  health  of  Mrs.  Cole- 
man, he  resigned  ;  but  his  resignation  not  being 
accepted,  Eev.  Professor  Brooke  was  engaged 
temporarily  to  act.  In  November,  1877,  Dr. 
Coleman  resumed  his  work,  and  continued  it 
until  July,  1879,  when,  owing  to  the  continued 
illness  of  Mrs.  Coleman,  he  finally  withdrew 
and  went  to  England,  where  he  and  his  family 
remained  until  1887,  when  he  became  the 
Eector  of  a  Church  in  Sayre,  Pennsylvania. 

Eev.  Edwin  E.  Atwill,  D.D.,  was  again  elected 
Eector,  accepted  and  entered  upon  the  dis- 
charge of  the  duties  of  the  office  in  January, 
1882.  His  only  previous  Church  work  had 
been  at  Burlington,  Vermont,  where  belabored 
for  12  years.  He  continues  in  Trinity  to  the 
general  acceptance  of  the  Parish. 


The  membership  of  the  Church  in  IS.'iC)  was 
100;  iu  18(16,245;  in  1882,300;  and  in  1880, 
390. 

The  site  of  Trinity  Church  (lots  103  and  164, 
Port  Lawrence),  was  donated  to  Trinity  Soci- 
ety by  the  American  Land  Company,  of  which 
Charles  Butler  was  the  Pre.sident.  in  July,  1844, 

ujioii  the  condition  "  that  within  years 

from  date,  the  Society  erect  thereon  a  build- 
ing for  a  Churcl),  and  forever  occupy  the 
premises  for  a  Church  and  Parsonage,  and  for 
no  other  purpose  wliatever."  Previous  to  that 
time  (December,  1843),  these  lots  bad  been  for- 
feited and  reforfeited  b}*  non-payment  of  taxes, 
and  had  been  sold  at  public  sale  for  such  delin- 
quency. One  was  purchased  by  Jerome  Mj'ers 
for  $7.00,  and  the  other  by  Daniel  McBain  for 
$0.50  ;  and  both  transferred  to  Trinity  Church, 
having  evidentlj'  been  purchased  with  that 
view. 

A  financial  statement  of  the  Parish  prepared 
in  1886,  showed  the  aggregate  contributions  to 
the  support  of  Trinity  Church,  to  local  mission 
enterprises  and  to  other  Church  work,  to  have 
reached  the  large  sum  of  $316,710.  Among  the 
objects  included  in  such  expenditure  were  the 
following : 

The  original  house  of  worship,  completed  in  1844, 
S4,000  ;  the  building  of  St.  John's  Chapel  in  1870, 
and  Grace  Church  in  1873-4,  |11,500  ;  the  cost  of  the 
jiresent  Trinity  edifice,  $47,000  ;  the  grand  organ  in 
Trinitv,  purchased  in  1870,  $ti,300  ;  Calvarv  Mission 
and  Chapel,  1873-'70,  $5,300;  Parish  School,  1874, 
$3,000;  Trinity  Parish  Building  and  Chapel,  1875, 
$i2.j,700.  From  pew  rents  and  special  offerings  for 
current  expenditures,  from  I8.38  (when  the  record 
begins),  $1.')7,428.  The  report  does  not  include  the 
contributions  by  the  several  Ladies'  Benevolent 
Societies  of  the  Parish  during  the  past  20  years, 
which  are  estimated  to  amount  to  several  thousand 
dollars. 

St.  John's  Church.  In  1860,  Eev.  Henry 
B.  Walbridge,  D.  D.,  Eector  of  Trinity  Church, 
laid  before  his  Vestry  a  projwsition  from  Mr. 
Stephen  Thorn,  of  Utica,  New  York,  to  lease 
to  the  Vestry,  lot  604,  Port  Lawrence  Division 
(Eleventh  Street),  for  the  sum  of  $50  for  the 
first  .year,  $20  additional  each  succeeding  year 
to  1870,  with  the  privilege  of  purchasing  the 
same  any  time  within  two  j'ears  for  $1,500,  or 
for  $l,75"o  if  within  six  years.  The  proposition 
was  accepted,  and  C.  A.  King,  C.  Yardley  and 
D.  B.  Smith  were  appointed  to  complete  the 
contract;  and  also  to  make  a  contract  for  a 
Chapel  building.  On  the  9th  December,  1861, 
the  Committee  rejiorted  the  comjilction  of  the 
building,  furnished,  at  a  cost  of  $1,424.85.  The 
Eector  gave  it  the  name  of  St.  John's  Chapel. 
It  was  about  one-half  the  size  of  the  present 
Church  edifice,  and  was  paid  for  by  the  Vestry 
of  Trinity  Church. 

In  the  same  month  (December,  1861),  Eev. 
N.  E.  High,  then  Eector  of  a  Parish  in  Logans- 
port,  Ind.,  was  called  by  the  Vestry  of  Trinity 
Church  to  be  assistant  minister  and  have  charge 


594 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


of  St.  John's  Cliapel,  at  a  salary  of  S600  per 
year.  He  ari-ivcd  in  Toledo  January  'I,  18C2, 
and  (bund  a  small  Chapel,  ground  not  paid  for, 
and  no  congregation.  He  devoted  himself  to  his 
work  as  Eeetor  most  diligently,  and  in  a  short 
time  had  a  fair  congregation  about  him.  The 
mother  Church  for  a  time  continued  to  bear  a 
jiortion  of  the  e.xpenses  of  the  Mission  ;  but  in 
April,  1SG3,  it  seemed  best  for  the  congrega- 
tion that  it  should  sever  its  connection  with 
Trinit}-  as  a  Mission,  nnd  become  a  Parish. 
There  was  a  meeting  of  the  congregation  called, 
Wardens  and  ^'estr^mcn  elected  and  the  Parish 
dulj-  incorporated.  The  first  election  of  officers 
resulted  as  follows:  Senior  Warden,  Timothy 
Tredwell;  Junior  AVarden,  T.  Jackson;  Ves- 
trymen, W.  L.  Lamb,  C.  M.  Woodbury,  A.  L. 
Kelsey,  Henrj-  Bennett,  G.  H.  Martin,  D.  Segur, 
T.  Crampton  and  W.  Merchant. 

In  the  spring  of  18G4  tlie  rectory  was  built 
on  the  same  lot,  some  S300  having  been  raised 
by  the  Ladies'  Aid  Society,  and  the  remainder 
begged  by  the  Eeetor,  who  used  to  call  liimself 
"  Chief  of  Beggars." 

In  August,  1865,  the  lot  was  purchased  of 
Mr.  Thorn  for  Sl,750. 

In  186(5,  there  was  61,000  yet  due  on  the  lot, 
and  just  when  the  Vestry  were  taking  steps  to 
raise  the  money  to  pay  it,  a  fire  damnged  the 
Church  very  seriously,  but  as  it  .stimulated  the 
persevering  Eeetor  and  his  people  to  greater 
efforts,  it  resulted  in  advantage  by  additions  to 
the  house,  which  was  made  much  more  com- 
modious. 

In  February,  1881,  Mr.  High  was  attacked 
with  severe  hemorrhages,  from  which  he  never 
recovered,  although  he  continued  to  minister 
to  the  Parish  until  within  two  weeks  of  his 
death,  February  19,  1884. 

At  the  expiration  of  Mr.  High's  ministry, 
there  was  an  avera,i;e  congregation  of  200,  and 
a  communion  list  of  about  the  same  number. 
All  who  knew  him  bear  witness  to  his  faithful- 
ness. 

After  Mi\  High's  death,  the  Eev.  Chas.  H. 
DeGarmo  was  called  as  Eeetor. 

Gr.\ce  Church.— In  1868,  a  Mission  was 
started,  under  the  auspices  ot  Trinity  Church, 
in  the  First  Ward  of  the  City,  at  first  finding 
accommodations  at  the  residence  of  Miss  Anna 
Church,  on  Erie  near  Bu.sh  Street.  Eev.  Dr. 
Mulcahey,  while  Eeetor  of  Trinity,  took  an 
active  part  in  the  work.  The  Parish  was  or- 
ganized in  February,  1873,  with  the  following 
Vestrymen:  Henry  Bennett,  Courtland  Yard- 
ley,  A.  G.  Clark  E.  D.  Potter,  Jr.,  A.  L  Kelsey. 
Wm.  Shiell,  W.  W.  Backus,  and  Irwin  I.  Mil- 
lard. The  first  Wardens  were  :  F.  L.  JSIichols, 
as  Senior,  and  E.  G.  Peckham,  as  Junior. 

C.  A.  King  contributed  a  lot  as  a  site  for  a 
Church,  which  was  sold,  the  proceeds  being 
used  in  the  purcha.se  of  the  location  on  Stick- 
ney  Avenue.  With  contributions  from  Trinity 
Parish,  with  H.  S.  Walbridge  as    Chairman  of 


the  Building  Committee,  the  present  edifice 
was  erected  at  a  cost  of  $7,000.  For  a  time 
Eev.  E.  T.  Perkins,  and  afterwards  Eev.  Samuel 
Fi-ench,  Assistant  at  Trinitv,  acted  as  Eeetor. 
From  1873  to  1875,  Eev.  Frank  M.  Hall  thus 
served  the  Church;  being  succeeded  by  Eevs. 
S.  S.  Stevens,  Arnold  Carstensen,  E.  L.  Kemp, 
Samuel  Moran,  S.  P.  Blackiston,  and  A.  P. 
Gorrell.  While  Rector  of  Trinity,  Eev.  Dr. 
Coleman  took  an  active  interest  in  the  enter- 
prise, as  has  Eev.  Dr.  Atwill  since  he  succeeded 
Dr.  Coleman.  In  1882  the  former  gentleman 
was  elected  Eeetor  of  Grace,  and  appointed 
Eev.  W.  C.  Hopkins  as  his  Assistant,  who  be- 
gan his  service  in  July  of  that  year,  and  con- 
tinued the  same  until  1883,  when  he  was  elected 
Eeetor,  and  continues  as  such.  A  Eectory  has 
been  provided,  mainly  through  the  liberality  of 
members  of  Trinity  Parish. 

C.\LVARY  Mission. — In  the  Summer  of  1869, 
Eev.  Dr.  Mulcahey,  of  Trinity,  began  occasional 
services  in  the  Fifth  Ward,  at  first  occujiying 
Chamberlin  Hall,  Southeast  corner  Broadway 
and  Segur  Avenue,  which  in  1871  resulted  in 
the  organization  of  Calvary'  Mission.  During 
the  same  j^ear  a  handsome  Chapel  was  erected 
on  Broadway.  Eev.  E.  T.  Perkins,  then  re- 
cently ordained  here,  was  placed  in  charge  of 
the  work,  vrhich  was  successtul  until  the 
building  was  burned.  This  misfortune  was 
not  overcome  until  the  erection  in  1878  of  the 
pi'esent  superior  house  on  Western  Avenue, 
near  Broad waj'.  Since  Mr.  Perkins,  the  cler- 
gymen in  charge  have  been  Eev.  Mr.  Welton, 
w^ho  died  in  the  service;  and  Eev.  C.  T.  Stout. 
The  communion  list  of  the  Church  is  about 
100,  and  average  attendance  200. 

St.  P.\ul's  Mission.— In  1884,  Rev.  Dr.  At- 
will,  Eeetor  of  Trinity  Church,  commenced 
services  in  East  Toledo,  with  more  especial 
reference  to  supplying  religious  privileges  to 
the  laboring  population  in  connection  with  the 
Maumee  Eolling  Mills,  then  expected  soon  to 
be  in  full  operation.  Delay  in  the  full  com- 
mencement of  that  establishment  seriously  af- 
fected the  religious  enterprise,  which,  notwith- 
standing, has  gained  a  foothold,  and  now, 
under  improved  con<litions,  promises  success. 
It  is  known  as  St.  Paul's  Mission,  and  Dr.  At- 
will  now  holds  services  there  each  Sabbath 
afternoon. 

THE  CATHOLIC  CHURCH. 

Eecord  of  the  earlier  steps  taken  toward  the 
establishment  of  Churches  of  the  Catholic  de- 
nomination, is  difficult  to  be  found.  Lender 
the  administration  of  Bishop  (late  Archbishop) 
Purcell,  Priests  made  irregular  visits  to  the 
Maumee  Valley  for  .sjiecial  work.  Among 
these  are  named  Fathers  McNamee  and  How- 
ard. As  near  as  can  now  be  ascertained,  the 
first  definite  steps  toward  permanent  work  by 
that  Church  at  this  point,  were  taken  by  Father 
Armedeus  EajDpe,  in    1841,     That  gentleman 


PERMANENT  RELIGIOUS   WORK. 


595 


had  spent  the  first  years  of  his  priesthood  in 
France,  and  at  the  head  of  an  important 
institution  of  that  country.  Ere  lonij  bis  atten- 
tion was  drawn  to  Church  work  in  America, 
and  he  became  interested  tlierein.  It  so  liap- 
pened,  that  about  that  time  (1SS9)  Bisliop 
Pureell  yisited  Europe,  and  Father  Rappe  met 
liim  in  London.  The  result  of  the  interview- 
was  an  engaijement  for  the  young  Priest  to 
come  to  the  United  States,  and  he  reached 
Cincinnati  the  latter  part  of  1840,  when  he  was 
sent  to  Chillicothe,  to  k^arn  English  of  Marshall 
Anderson.  In  1841,  he  was  sent  to  Toledo. 
Of  the  state  of  things  in  this  new  tield  at  that 
time,  a  writer  personally  familiar  with  the 
same,  says : 

Catholics  here  (Toledo)  were  very  few  in  number 
and  had  neither  Church  nor  Priest.  Tiffin  was  the 
nearest  place  whence  sick  calls  were  attended.  The 
Miami  &  Erie  Canal  was  being  built  about  this  time, 
and  tliere  came  a  large  influx  of  Catholic  laliorers. 
who  settled  along  the  line  of  the  Canal  and  Maumee 
River.  There  was  much  sickness  here,  the  dread 
"  Maumee  fever"  undermining  the  strongest  consti- 
tution and  hurrying  many  of  its  victims  to  early 
graves.  There  was  also  much  intemperance  among 
laborers,  who  spent  their  hard-earned  money  for 
drink  and  allowed  their  families  to  want.  To  this 
uncultivated  and  uninviting  field  of  labor  Father 
Rappe  was  sent  by  the  Bishop.  His  "Parish  limits" 
extended  from  Toledo  to  the  Indiana  State  line  and 
as  far  South  as  Allen  County.  From  the  Summer  of 
1841  to  the  Spring  of  184G  his  labors,  privations  and 
difficuhies  of  all  kinds  were  indeed  trying.  He 
never  lost  courage,  but,  full  of  missionary  zeal  and 
self-sacrifice,  labored  faithfully  among  his  people.  It 
was  here  that  he  first  saw  the  terrible  efl'ects  of  in- 
teuiperance  which  .so  filled  him  with  a  horroi-  of  this 
vice  that  he  fought  it  then  and  during  the  remainder 
of  his  life  by  word  and  example.  Thousands  bless 
his  memory  for  the  energetic  measures  he  took  in 
rescuing  them  from  drunkards'  graves. 

Father  Eappe  was  alone  in  this  field  for  five 
years,  when  liis  excessive  labors  were  shared 
by  Father  Louis  De  Goesbriand,  subsequently 
Bishop  of  Burlington,  Vermont.  Of  the  situa- 
tion at  Toledo  at  that  time,  be  wrote  as  follows : 

At  certain  seasons  it  was  almost  impossible  to 
meet  a  healthy-looking  person,  and  frequently  entire 
families  were  sick  and  unable  to  help  one  another. 
Apart  from  the  terrible  malarial  fever,  we  were  occa- 
sionally visited  by  such  epidenncs  as  erysipelas,  and 
towards  the  end  of  1847  we  saw  the  ship  fever  stricken 
emigrants  landing  on  the  docks  to  die  among  .strangers 
within  a  few  hours  after  arrival. 

Flpon  the  arrival  of  Father  Eappe,  matters 
began  to  change.  A  Parish  was  organized,  and 
named  St.  Francis  de  Sales.  He  soon  pur- 
chased the  building  formerly  occupied  by  the 
Presbyterian  Church,  corner  of  Ciierry  and 
Superior  Streets,  at  a  cost,  including  the  lot,  of 
$2,400.  The  building  was  of  wood,  and  now 
constitutes  a  portion  of  the  Sciiool  building,  in 
rear  of  St.  Francis  de  Sales  edifice.  Temper- 
ance Societies  were  formed  to  resist  the  sad 
ravages  of  alcohol  among  the  people  ;  and  by 
day  and  by  night  the  energetic  missionary  was 


seen  wherever  his  presence  could  promote  the 
well-being  —  spiritual  or  temporal — of  his 
parishioners.  Ilesults  soon  appeared,  in  the 
reformation  of  largo  numbers  of  laborers  on 
the  Canal,  who  had  been  squandering  tlieir  ^ 
wages  in  dissipation,  but  many  of  whom  soon 
became  sober  and  provident,  and  invested  in 
homes  the  means  so  long  sunl<  in  drink.  The 
early  records  are  missing.  The  first  found  is 
tiiat  of  the  baptism  by  Father  llap))e,  October 
:il..  1841,  of  James,  son  of  Thomas  David  and 
CatlierincComerford — David  Borien  and  Mary 
Ann  Borien  acting  as  sponsors.  Father  Rappo 
for  a  time  supplied  also  a  Church  at  JIaumee 
City,  visiting  both  on  each  Sabbath. 

The  completion  of  the  Canal  left  the  larger 
portion  of  the  Catholic  laborers  without  em- 
ployment, and  most  of  them  soon  left,  whereby 
Father  Jiappe's  local  charge  was  materially  re- 
duced in  importance.  But  the  extent  of  his 
field  devolved  upon  him  great  responsibility 
and  incessant  labor.  He  continued  to  say 
mass  regularly  at  Toledo  and  Maumee  on  Sun- 
days, and  on  week  days  at  Providence,  Defi- 
ance, Poplar  Ridge,  and  occasionally  at  Fre- 
mont and  La  Prairie.  In  January,  1847,  the 
City  Council  voted  to  Rev.  Armedeus  Rappe, 
the  sum  of  850,  for  ringing  the  City  bell  three 
times  a  day  during  the  year  1846.  In  1847  the 
Diocese  of  Cleveland  was  formed,  and  Father 
Rappe  was  consecrated  as  its  Bishop,  at  Cincin- 
nati, October  10,  1847.  Father  De  Goe.sbriand 
remained  in  charge  of  the  Toledo  Parish  until 
succeeded  by  FatherPhillip  Foley,  in  February, 
1848.  The  latter  remained  until  October, 
1854,  being  meantime  assisted  at  different 
periods  by  Fathers  J.  Moran,  S.  C.  Lanuer,  N. 
Pouchel  and  James  Monahan.  Father  A. 
Campion  succeeded  Father  Foley  in  1854,  and 
was  succeeded  by  Father  R.  A.  Sidley,  May  30, 
185G.  Father  O'Connor  served  as  Assistant 
from  February,  1855,  till  June  28,  1858,  when 
Father  John  Quin  came.  In  March,  1859, 
Father  Boff  succeeded  as  Priest,  with  Father 
Quin  as  Assistant,  until  Xovember,  1800,  being 
then  succeeded  by  Father  Thomas  Halley,  who 
remained  until  Father  T.  P.  Thorpe  came  in 
1861.  Father  Boff  remained  until  October  11, 
1872,  at  which  time  Father  James  O'Reilly 
took  charge,  and  retained  it  until  his  death,  in 
October,  1885.  He  was  succeeded  by  Rev. 
P.  F.  (^uigley,  D.  D.,  in  1886,  who  yet  remains 
in  charge  of  the  Parish. 

The  pastorates  most  conspicuous  in  the  his- 
toi-y  of  St.  Francis  de  Sales  Church,  are  those 
of  "Fathers  Rappe.  Foley,  Boff  and  O'Reilly, 
each  of  whom  not  only  (filled'his  charge  to 
the  satisfiictiou  of  the  people  and  of  the  Bishop, 
but  in  high  degree  won  the  respect  and  con- 
fidence of  the  people  of  Toledo  generally.  Of 
the  lour  named.  Father  O'Reillj-  was  the  only 
one  who  died  while  in  charge  of  the  Parish, 
and  the  demonstration  on  the  part  both  of  the 
parishioners  and  citizens  generally  which  at- 


596 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


teiulod   his   buriiil,  exceeded  anything  of  the 
kind  over  Icnown  in  the  City. 

Tlie  Catholic  ])0]iulation  in  Toledo,  from  the 
first,  was  composed  chicflj'  of  tiie  Irish,  Ger- 
man and  French  nationalities.     The  former  for 
many    years    larfjcly    predominated.      In    the 
course  of  time,  with  the  increase  of  population, 
the  demands  for  Church  accommodations  lie- 
came  such  as  to  require  the  establishment  of 
new  Parishes,    and    very  naturally,  these   to 
greater  or  less  extent,  were  arranged  to  suit 
the  different  leading  nationalities  of  the  Church. 
The   first  step   in  that  direction    consisted  of 
the  organization  of  St.  Mary's  Church,  for  Ger- 
mans, in  1854.     Reverend  Charles  Evrard  was 
appointed  as  Pastor.     The  labors  incident  to 
such  charge  were  greatly  heightened  by  the  fact 
that  he  was  a  Fi'enchman,  without  knowledge 
of  the  Gorman   language.     But  such  was    his 
devotion    and    resources,   that  within    a    few 
months  he  was  permitted  to  see    laid  the  foun- 
dation   of   the  large  Church  at  the  corner  of 
Cherry  and  Michigan  Streets,  the  rear  portion 
(60x100  feet)  of  which  was  dedicated  in  October, 
185G.     Such  was  Father  Evrard's  spirit  of  de- 
votion   to   his  work,   that    he  was   often   seen 
among   the    laborers   on   the  Church,  himself 
handling  and  wheeling  brick,  sand  and  mortar, 
as  best  would  forward  the  work.     At  the  end 
of  eight  more  years  of  toil  and  embarrassment, 
he  saw  the  edifice  completed.     In   September, 
1867,  he  was  removed  to   Tiffin,  where  he  re- 
mained   until    his   death,   in  1885.     The    next 
Pastor  of  St.   Mary's  was  Rev.  C.   Viere,  who 
remained  until  October,  1869,  when  the  Church 
passed    under   the    immediate    charge    of  the 
Jesuit  Fathers,  which  relation  has  since  been 
maintained.     Rev.  Father  Spiecker,  from  Buf- 
falo, was  the  next  Pastor,  who  was  succeeded 
by  Rev.  John  B.  Kansleiter,  under  whose  ad- 
ministration the  large  School  building,  known 
as  St.  Mary's  School,  was  projected,  which  was 
completed  under   Rev.    Nicholas  Greisch,  the 
succeeding    Pastor.      Under   the   plan  of    this 
School,  it  was  proposed  that  every  child  of  the 
Parish    should   be    educated,  at   whatever  ex- 
pense necessary  to  the  more  wealthy  members 
of  the  Church.     The  present  Pastoi-  (Decem- 
ber, 1887)  is  Rev.  Aloysius  Sig^  ;  Rev.  Bazilius 
Hackfely  as  Assistant  and  Cliaplain  of  St.  Vin- 
cent Hospital. 

In  connection  with  this  Parish,  the  following 
named  associations  have  been  organized,  to  wit : 
St.  Joseph's  School  Association,  in  1855  ;  St. 
Michael's  Benevolent  Association,  in  1872  :  and 
Branch  194  Catholic  Knights  of  America,  in 
1878. 

Beside  the  above  are  the  following  :  Sodalities 
of  the  Blessed  Virgin — for  Men,  \Vomen,  Young 
Men  and  Young  Ladies,  all  under  supervision 
of  the  Jesuit  Fathers  ;  and  St.  Vincent  de  Paul 
Society  for  Men,  and  St.  Elizabeth's  Society  for 
Women.  Each  of  these  has  its  separate  corps 
of  officers. 


St.  Patrick's  Church.  From  the  begin- 
ning of  Catholic  work  in  Toledo  until  1862,  the 
English-speaking  portion  of  that  Church  had 
no  organization  but  St.  Francis  de  Sales  Parish. 
In  April  of  that  J'ear,  Rev.  Edward  Ilannin 
came  to  the  Cit\',  and  under  the  auspices  of 
Bishop  Rappe,  took  steps  for  the  institution  of 
a  new  Parish,  which  was  to  consist  of  that  ])or- 
tion  of  the  City  lying  Xorth  of  the  Maumee 
River  and  West  of  Jetferson  Street.  So  suc- 
cessful was  the  movement,  that  on  the  6th  of 
July  following  was  laid  the  corner-stone  of  a 
house  of  worship  at  the  Northwestern  corner  of 
Lafaj-ette  and  Thirteenth  Streets,  for  the  use  of 
the  new  Parish  of  St.  Patrick.  The  building 
was  so  far  completed  in  February,  1863,  as  to 
be  temporarilj^  occujjied ;  and  on  the  17th  of 
March,  1865,  the  ceremonies  of  consecration 
took  place,  when  were  present  the  following 
ecclesiastics  of  the  Catholic  Church,  to  wit : 

Mo.st  Reverend  J.  B.  Purcell,  Archbishop  of  Cin- 
cinnati ;  Right  Reverend  Armcdeus  Rappe,  Bishop 
of  Cleveland  ;  Right  Reverend  Dr.  Luhrs,  Bishop  of 
Fort  Wayne,  Indiana  ;  Very  Reverend  >I.  Benoit,  of 
Fort  Wayne  ;  Very  Reverend  J.  Conlon,  of  Cleve- 
land ;  Reverenil  AV.  Carey,  of  Glendale,  Ohio ;  Rev- 
erend C.  Evrard,  of  Toledo  ;  Reverend  F.  M.  BofT,  of 
Toledo  ;  Reverend  John  Quinn,  of  Cleveland ;  Rever- 
end T.  Hally,  of  Grafton ;  Reverend  M.'Healy,  of 
Tiffin  ;  and  Rev.  J.  Gallagher,  of  Wooster. 

The  dedicatory  sermon  was  by  the  Arch- 
bishop. The  occasion  closed  with  addresses  to 
the  Father  Matthew  Temperance  Association 
of  St.  Patrick's  Parish,  by  the  Archbishop, 
Bishop  Rappe  and  others,  and  a  march  through 
the  principal  Streets  of  the  City. 

Beside  the  house  of  worship,  other  buildings 
have  been  provided  for  the  Parish,  to  wit:  In 
1864,  St.  Patrick's  Academy,  60x75  feet  and 
three  stories  high,  with  accommodations  for 
700  scholars;  and  St.  Patrick's  Institute,  50x84 
feet,  four  stories,  with  large  Hall  for  public 
use,  a  Gymnasium,  Library,  stores  and  resi- 
dences ;  dedicated  March  17,  1874. 

The  following  Societies  are  connected  with 
the  Parish,  all  under  the  charge  of  Father 
Hannin,  to  vvit :  St.  Patrick's  Temperance  So- 
ciety, organized  in  March,  1863;  St.  Patrick's 
Juvenile  Temperance  Society,  organized  in 
March,  1868  ;  Married  Ladies'  Sodality,  organ- 
ized in  December,  1862  ;  Holy  Angels'  Sodality', 
May,  1863;  Young  Ladies'  Sodality,  October, 
1872. 

Father  Hannin,  in  the  26th  year  of  his  To- 
ledo work,  continues  in  charge  of  St.  Patrick's 
Parish. 

St.  Joseph's  Church. — In  1854  a  congrega- 
tion was  formed  under  the  direction  of  Rev. 
C.  Evrard,  Pastor  of  St.  Mary's  (German) 
Church,  for  the  benefit  of  about  150  French 
and  Canadian  families  then  living  in  Toledo 
and  within  four  or  five  miles  of  the  City.  For 
their  use  a  small  edifice  was  built  on  the 
grounds   of  the  Ursuliue  Convent,  corner   of 


y^tO^^ux:^    W 


^^"^yij^yyTy^ 


y^tOyA^a:^     (U      AJy^ 


^^^yLC^n^ 


PERMANENT  RELIGIOUS   WORK. 


597 


Cherry  and  Brie  Streets.  The  organization 
was  named  St.  Joseph's  Church.  In  18G2,  the 
work  had  become  such  as  to  demand  tiie  full 
time  of  a  Pastor,  when  Eev.  James  Kouch}'  re- 
lieved Father  Evrard  of  such  charge.  In  1866 
Eev.  Charles  Wardy  succeeded  as  Pastor,  who 
continued  as  such  until  1868,  when  Rev.  Mo- 
destus  Jacker  took  charge,  serving  for  nearlj- 
nine  years.  Under  his  administration,  in  1870, 
steps  were  taken  for  more  adequate  quarters 
for  the  growing  congregation,  in  the  edifice 
now  occupied  at  the  corner  of  Erie  and  Locust 
Streets.  In  April,  1878,  Bev.  Andrew  Sauva- 
det  became  the  Pastor.  Under  his  charge  the 
building  was  completed,  having  been  dedicated 
by  Bishop  Gilmour  December  8,  1878.  The 
tower  contains  a  chime  of  nine  bells.  Owing 
to  ill  health.  Father  Sauvadet  was  compelled 
to  resign,  when  the  jjresent  Pastor,  Rev.  Louis 
Braire,  succeeded  him.  The  Church  has  had 
many  embarrassments  to  meet,  but  is  now  con- 
sidered ina  flourishing  condition.  Such  of  the 
original  150  families  as  yet  survive,  are  now 
divided  among  three  different  congregations  — 
St.  Joseph's,  St.  Louis,  East  Toledo ;  and  St. 
Ignatius,  at  Big  Ditch,  Oregon  Township. 

The  Church  of  the  Immaculate  Concep- 
tion was  organized  in  1866,  for  the  benefit  of 
the  Fifth  Ward,  the  house  of  worship  being 
located  at  the  corner  of  Dix  and  Jervis  Streets. 
From  its  organization  until  1868,  the  Church 
was  in  charge  of  Rev.  Edward  Hannin,  who 
also  was  Pastor  of  St.  Patrick's.  In  1868  Rev. 
John  Qiiin  became  the  Pastor  of  the  new 
Church,  and  served  as  such  until  his  death  in 
May,  1878.  His  successor  was  Rev.  Patrick 
O'Brien,  who  is  still  the  Pastor.  The  Church 
Council  for  1887  consists  of  Patrick  Ford,  Pat- 
rick Lalley,  John  W.  Gorman  and  Wm.  Hanlou. 

St.  Louis  Church  (French)  was  organized 
in  1871,  when  a  brick  house  of  worship,  18x84, 
was  erected  on  Clieri'y  Street  near  Sixth,  East 
Toledo.  The  tirst  Pastor  was  Rev.  F.  Gauthier, 
D,  D.,  who  served  from  September,  1872,  until 
March,  1877,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Rev. 
J.  Rouchy,  who  remained  until  1879,  at  which 
time  Rev.  John  Theim  became  the  Pastor,  and 
served  until  succeeded  by  the  present  Pastor, 
Rev.  J.  B.  Primeau,  in  September,  1884.  Con- 
nected with  the  Church  is  a  Parochial  School, 
and  a  parsonage.  About  130  families  are  con- 
nected with  the  Church. 

The  Church  of  the  Sacred  Heart  ^German 
speaking)  was  instituted  in  June,  1883,  and 
was  dedicated  in  November  of  the  same  year. 
Rev.  James  Theim  was  the  first  Priest,  who  re- 
mained in  charge  until  November,  1885,  when 
he  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  Wm.  A.  Harks,  who 
continues  in  charge.  The  Parish  numbers  about 
120  families.  Connected  with  the  Church  is  a 
Parochial  School,  having  an  average  attend- 
ance of  90. 

Church  of  the  Good  Shepherd  was  organ- 
ized in  1873,  the  house  of  worship  being  located 


at  the  corner  of  Clark  and  Nevada  Sti-eets, 
East  Toledo.  The  Pastor  in  1887  was  Rev. 
Timothy  P.  McCarthy. 

St.  Anthony's  Church  (Polish)  is  located  at 
the  Northwest  corner  of  ,1  unction  and  Nebraska 
Avenues,  the  Pastor  being  Rev.  F.  M.  Oi'zeca- 
owski. 

St.  Hedwig's  (Polish)  Church  was  estab- 
lished in  1875,  North  side  of  Dexter  Street, 
East  of  Locust.  The  Pastor  in  1887  was  Rev. 
S.  J.  Wieczorek. 

St.  Peter's  Church  is  located  at  Northwest 
corner  of  South  St.  Clair  and  Canal  Streets. 
The  Pastor  in  1887  was  Rev.  Peter  Danenhoffer. 

In  October,  1845,  the  "  Young  Ladies'  Liter- 
ary Institute  and  Boarding  School  of  the 
Sisters  of  Notre  Dame"  (a  branch  of  a  similar 
School  in  Cincinnati),  was  opened  at  Toledo. 
It  was  under  the  auspices  of  the  Catholic 
Church.  While  "  the  Catholic  religion  was  the 
only  one  professed  by  the  Ladies  of  the  Insti- 
tute," there  was  no  interference  with  the  reli- 
gious principles  of  the  pupils,  who  were  not 
allowed  to  conform  to  the  Catholic  religion 
witlioiit  permission  of  their  parents.  The  ordi- 
nary branches  of  an  English  education  were 
tauuht,  together  with  French,  plain  and  fancy 
needle  work,  drawing,  painting,  and  music. 
"  Each  pupil  must  be  provided  with  a  knife, 
fork,  spoon,  goblet,  four  napkins,  four  towels, 
six  changes,  two  pairs  of  sheets,  two  pillow- 
cases, a  mosquito  bar,  eight  pairs  of  stockings, 
a  sun-bonnet,  a  .green  veil,  combs,  comb  and 
work-box,  brushes;"  bedding  when  supplied 
by  parents,  to  consist  of  a  straw  and  a  moss 
mattress  of  about  2^x6  feet,  two  pillows,  two 
double  blankets  and  a  quilt  or  counterpane. 
The  School  year  consisted  of  one  session  from 
October  15th  till  the  latter  part  of  July.  The 
terms  to  boarding  pupils  were:  Entrance, 
$6.00  ;  Board  and  tuition,  SlOO  ;  half-boarders, 
$50  ;  Physicians'  fees,  $5.00  ;  Washing,  $15.00  ; 
Mending  (if  done  at  the  Institute),  $2.00;  Va- 
cation, if  spent  at  the  Institute,  $15.00;  Total 
for  the  year,  $193.00.  Day  pupils,  $3.00  to 
$8.00.  Extra  charges — music,  drawing,  &e. — 
$5.00  to  $18.00 


REVEREND  PATRICK  O'BRIEN  was  born 
at  Pilltown,  County  Wexford,  Ireland,  Febru- 
ary 20,  1834.  Coming  to  the  United  States  at 
the  age  of  13  years,  he  resided  at  Elyria,  Lo- 
rain County,  Ohio,  from  1857  until  1865.  At 
the  latter  date  he  entered  Saint  Mary's  College, 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  where  he  remained  until  Sep- 
tember, 1866,  at  which  time,  with  the  other 
students  of  that  institution,  he  was  transferred 
from  Cleveland  to  the  new  Diocesan  College  at 
Louisville,  Stark  County,  Ohio,  where  he  re- 
mained for  three  years.  In  September,  1869, 
he  was  admitted  to  St.  Mary's  Theoloicical 
Seminary,  at  Cleveland,  where  he  completed 
his  studies  preparatory  for  the  Priesthood,  to 


698 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


which  he  was  ordained  July  21,1872,  by  Eight 
Reverend  Richard  Gilmour,  D.  D.,  Bishop  of 
Cleveland  Diocese.  In  August  following  his 
ordination,  he  was  appointed  Assistant  Priest 
at  Saint  Coliimba's  Church,  Youngstown, 
Mahoning  County,  Ohio.  Here  he  served  until 
September,  1873,  when  he  was  appointed 
Pastor  of  Saint  Mary's  and  Saint  Patrick's 
Churches,  at  Rockport,  Cuyahoga  County, 
remaining  there  until  August,  1875.  He  then 
was  appointed  Pastor  of  the  Church  of  the  Good 
Shepherd,  East  Toledo.  Here  he  remained  for 
nearly  three  j'ears,  and  was  then  transferred 
to  the  charge  of  the  Church  of  the  Immaculate 
Conception,  Toledo,  which  position  he  now 
(1887)  still  holds.  Father  O'Brien  has  spe- 
cially attached  himself  to  the  people  of  Toledo 
of  ail  classes,  by  the  active  interest  taken  by 
him  in  the  general  welfare  of  the  communit}", 
as  connected  with  the  promotion  of  sound 
morals  and  the  maintenance  of  good  order. 

PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCHES. 

As  already  stated,  the  first  Church  organized 
within  the  present  limits  of  Toledo,  was  of 
Presbyterian  connection,  and  subsequently  be- 
came the  First  Congregational  Church. 

The  oldest  existing  organization  of  Presby- 
terian connection,  is  the  First  Presbyterian 
Church.  March  2,  1854,  Mauraee  Presbytery 
(Old  School)  appointed  Reverends  I.  M.  Crabb 
and  D.  S. Anderson  as  a  special  committee  for 
the  purpose  of  effecting  such  organization. 
Subsequently,  Rev.  J.  M.  Baird  was  added  to 
such  committee.  January  27,  1855,  a  meeting 
was  held  at  the  Bethel,  on  Vine  Street,  when  a 
Church  was  organized,  with  27  members — eight 
from  the  First  Congregational,  and  one  from 
Ames  Chapel  (M.  E.),  Toledo,  nine  from  Penn- 
sylvania, five  from  Ohio  Churches,  and  one 
from  New  Y'ork.  Mr.  Baird  spent  some  time 
with  the  new  Church,  leaving  in  the  Fall  of 
1855,  when  operations  were  suspended  and  re- 
mained so  until  Rev.  Edwin  B.  Raffensperger 
came  to  Toledo,  and  on  the  26th  of  April,  1859, 
commenced  his  labors  for  the  revival  and  pro- 
motion of  the  growth  of  the  Church.  In  Octo- 
ber following,  a  Board  of  Trustees  were  chosen, 
consisting  of  E.  D.  Potter,  Sr.,  Robert  Cum- 
mings,  Samuel  Brooks,  Sewell  Whittlesey  and 
James  W.  Hamilton.  Services  were  held  in 
Stickney  Hall,  242-244  Summit  Street,  until  the 
Summer  of  1800,  when  the  Bethel  (on  Lynn 
Street)  was  leased  and  occupied  until  18(39.  In 
1865  the  Society  purchased  the  Northeast  cor- 
ner of  Huron  and  Orange  Streets,  for  the  sum 
of  §3,500.  Three  years  later  the  corner-stone 
of  a  house  of  worship  was  laid.  The  same  year 
Mr.  Raffensperger  withdrew  from  the  pastorate, 
and  was  followed  in  1869,  by  Rev.  Henry  M. 
MacCracken.  In  1871,  the  construction  of  an 
edifice  was  commenced,  which  was  completed 
in  1873,  and  dedicated  February  1,  1874.     Mr. 


MacCracken  resigned  in  1881,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Rev.  J.  A.  P.  McGaw,  D.  D.,  who 
still  occuj)ies  that  position. 

In  1865,  with  the  advice  and  encouragement 
of  First  Congregational  Church,  a  movement 
took  place  for  the  more  adequate  supply  of  re- 
ligious privileges  to  the  Northeastern  portion 
of  Toledo,  when  Westminster  Church  was  or- 
ganized. The  Pre.sbyterian  connection  was 
chosen,  and  Maumee  Presbytery,  November  7, 
1865,  received  the  new  Church  into  its  commu- 
nion, with  the  following  named  members: 

From  First  Congregational  Church,  Toledo  — 
Charles  Cochran,  David  E.  IMerrill,  James  Lyman, 
Frances  P.  Lyman,  Jlary  D.  Lyman,  Augusta  ^I.  P. 
Lyman,  Hudson  B.  Hall,  John  R.  Osborn,  Elizabeth 
P.  Osborn,  Clark  "Waggoner,  Sylvia  B.  Waggoner, 
Ralph  H.  Waggoner,  Carrie  R.  Waggoner,  Eliza  Mer- 
rill, Mary  P.  Ewing,  Ira  E.  Lee,  Mary  Lee,  George 
W.  Bliss,  Orpha  A.  Bliss,  Laura  S.  Green,  Theo.  J. 
Brown,  Henry  G.  Sheldon,  Lyman  T.  Thayer,  Anna 
L.  Thayer,  David  Smith,  Sarah  B.  Smith,  Gert- 
rude B.  Smith,  James  Tolman,  Julia  W.  Backus, 
Catherine  S.  Pratt.  Helen  S.  Hall.  William 
Corlett,  Agnes  Cuddeback,  Sophia  Merrill,  Matthew 
Brown,  Elizabeth  P.  Norris,  Matthias  W.  Day,  and 
Eliza  Rouse. 

From  First  Presbyterian  Church,  Sandusky— Mar- 
shall Burton  and  Sophia  Burton. 

From  Second  Presbyterian  Church,  Ft.  Wayne, 
Ind. — Lucy  Hubbell. 

The  Elders  first  chosen  were  John  R.  Osborn, 
Charles  Cochran,  David  E.  Merrill,  George  W. 
Bliss  and  Calvin  Bullock.  The  first  officers  of 
the  Society  of  Westminster  Chui'ch,  were: 
Trustees — MatthewBrown, Charles  Pratt,David 
Smith,  Wm.  A.  Ewing,  Lyman  T.  Thayer  and 
Hudson  B.  Hall.  Treasurer — Nehemiah  Water- 
man. Secretary — Ralph  H.  Waggoner. 

The  first  praj'er-meeting  was  held  October 
19,  1865  ;  the  first  preaching  service  October 
22,  1865,  Rev.  Henry  M.  Bacon,  then  of  Attica, 
Indiana,  occujiying  the  pulpit;  and  the  first 
communion  service  on  the  first  Sabbath  in  Jan- 
uary, 1806,  in  the  Central  Mission  School-room, 
316  Superior  Street,  between  Oak  and  Adams. 
In  September,  1865,  the  Trustees  purchased  the 
lot.  Southeast  corner  of  Superior  and  Locust 
Streets,  for  the  use  of  the  Church,  pa}  ing  there- 
for $5,000,  and  contracted  for  the  erection  of  a 
Chapel,  at  a  cost  of  $8,485.  which  was  dedica- 
ted April  14,  1866.  April'  29,  1866,  Rev.  Mr. 
Bacon,  who  had  served  as  stated  supply  from 
the  first,  was  chosen  as  Pastor  of  the  new 
Church,  and  installed.  The  Sabbath  School  of 
this  Church  was  ore;anized  on  the  first  Sabbath 
of  1866,  at  White's  Hall,  217-221  Summit  Street, 
where  the  Church  worshipped  until  the  com- 
pletion of  its  Chapel.  David  Smith  was  the 
first  Superintendent  of  the  School.  In  1870  a 
contract  was  made  with  Luther  Whitney,  for 
the  erection  of  an  edifice  for  the  use  of  the 
Church,  which  was  completed  May  1,  1873,  at 
a  cost  of  §47,000 ;  the  entire  expenditure  for 
lot.  Chapel,  Church,  taxes,  etc.,  being  $65,000. 
The  entire  amount  raised  for  all  purposes  for 


PERMANENT  RELIGIOUS   WORK. 


699 


I 

I 


the  first  ten  years  of  the  Church,  was  about 
§100,0(1(1,  at  which  time  the  membersiiip  num- 
bered 339.  Mr.  Bacon  tendered  his  resignation 
as  Pastor  in  October,  1880,  which  was  accepted 
by  the  Cliurch.  The  p.viljDit  was  temporarily 
supplied  until  November,  1881,  when  Rev. 
Edward  Anderson  became  the  Pastor,  serving 
as  such  until  September,  1883.  In  February, 
1884,  Rev.  Frederick  B.  Du  Val,  D.  D.,  from 
First  Presbyterian  Church,  Wilmington,  Dcla- 
\vare,  accepted  a  call  to  the  pastorate,  which  he 
still  occupies.  The  officers  of  the  Church  and 
Society  are  a.'^  follows: 

Elders— J.  R.  Osborn,  C.  C.  Doolittle,  T.  C.  Row- 
land, T.  J.  Brown,  W.  C.  Chapman,  S.  R.  Maclaren, 
H.  C.  Spratjue,  H.  M.  Pixlev,  E.  Stanley  Noble. 

Trustees— diaries  Pratt,  Wm.  B.  Taylor,  Milton 
Taylor,  Wm.  H.  Bellman,  F.  C.  Chapln,  James  Blass, 
E.  W.  Lenderson,  J.  C.  Bonner. 

Third  Presbyterian  Chokch  was  organized 
June  2(J,  1870,  with  the  following  named  mem- 
bers :  Catharine  Shively,  George  T.  Boalch  and 
wife.  Miss  Anna  M.  Nugent  and  Mrs.  Eliza 
Roberts.  Rev.  Robert  Edgar  was  the  Pastor. 
In  September  William  Pancoast,  John  M.  Doty 
and  H.  C.  Nicholas  were  elected  Trustees  of 
the  Church.  Soon  thereafter  a  lot  was  rented 
at  the  corner  of  Broadway  and  Knower  Street, 
on  which  was  erected  a  building,  which  was  ded- 
icated January  1,  1871.  The  first  Ruling  Elders 
were  J.  M.  Doty  and  Robert  Geddes.  The  tbrmer 
was  also  chosen  Superintendent  of  the  Sabbath 
School,  and  under  his  management  it  was  pros- 
perous. In  January,  1872,  Mr.  Edgar  resigned 
as  Pastor,  when  Rev.  Josiah  Brown  gratui- 
tously supplied  the  pulpit  for  a  time. 
In  1873,  Rev.  J.  E.  Vance,  of  Columbus 
Grove,  became  the  stated  supply  of  the 
Church,  and  it  was  during  his  service  that 
the  present  edifice,  on  Enower  Street,  near 
Broadway,  was  erected.  In  1875,  Rev.  W.  J. 
Trimble  became  the  Pastor,  serving  for  four 
years,  during  which  time  the  Church  increased 
in  numbers  from  25  to  125.  In  1879  Rev. 
Joseph  W.  Torrence  was  elected  as  Pastor,  and 
continued  with  the  Church  until  1885.  From 
that  time  until  June,  1886,  the  pulpit  was  va- 
cant, when  Rev.  Benjamin  F.  Ormond,  of 
Wooster,  Ohio,  accepted  a  call,  and  is  yet  the 
Pastor. 

First  German  Presbyterian  Church  was 
organized  in  1871,  its  house  of  worship  being 
located  on  West  side  of  Canton  Avenue,  be- 
tween Beacon  and  North  Streets.  Its  only 
Pastor  has  been  Rev.  Martin  Koehler,  who  yet 
serves  in  that  capacity. 

BAPTIST  CHURCHES. 

The  first  definite  step  toward  the  organiza-  • 
tion  of  a  Baptist  Church   in  Toledo,  was  taken 
in  June,  1853,  when  a  few  members  of  that  de- 
nomination   assembled    at    the    residence    of 
Henry  J.  Hayes,  on  St.  Clair  Street,  between 


Jctfcrson  and  Monroe,  for  the  purpose  of  )irayer 
and  conference  as  to  the  interests  of  the 
Church  in  Toledo.  Some  weeks  thereafter, 
Rev.  Edward  F.  Piatt,  of  Schroon,  P^ssex 
County,  New  York,  while  on  his  way  to  Min- 
nesota, stopped  at  Cleveland,  where  his  atten- 
tion was  called  to  Toledo,  with  the  re(iuest  that 
he  visit  that  City.  He  did  so,  and  at  once  in- 
terested himself  in  a  movement  for  a  Baptist 
Church.  On  the  Gth  Juij',  at  a  meeting  held 
at  the  residence  ofDr.  Wm.  C.  Scott,  the  First 
Baptist  Church  was  organized,  u])on  the  con- 
dition tliat  the  State  Convention  and  the  Home 
Missionary  Society  each  grant  S400  per  year 
towards  the  support  of  such  enterprise.  Par- 
ticipatinn-  in  that  meeting,  were  Rev.  E..F. 
Piatt,  Benj.  Farley,  Wm.  Baker,  J.  E.  Frank- 
lin, Ransom  Wilkison,  W.  S.  Grow,  Dr.  Lewis 
Pagin  and  Dr.  W.  C.  Scott.  October  31,  1853, 
it  having  been  decided  to  go  on  with  the  Church, 
the  following  persons  united  for  that  purpose, 
to  wit :  E.  F.  Piatt,  Benj.  Farley,  Mrs.  Almira 
Farley,  Miss  H.  Shumway,  Wm.  Baker,  Ransom 
Wilkison,  Mrs.  Margaret  Pfanner,  Mrs.  S. 
Blodgett,  S.  G.  Harvey,  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Scott, 
Elizabeth  Scott,  Miss  Mary  West,  Miss  Clarissa 
Shaw,  Mrs.  Clarissa  Flint,  Mrs.  Minerva  Free- 
man, Henry  J.  Hayes,  and  M.  E.  Hayes — 18  in 
number.  Benj.  Farley,  Ransom  Wilkison  and 
H.  J.  Hayes  were  elected  Deacons,  and  Wm. 
Baker,  Cierk.  March  15,  1854,  W.  C.  Scott,  H. 
J.  Hayes,  Wm.  Baker,  H.  L.  Hosraer  and  C.  A. 
King  were  chosen  Trustees.  Rev.  E.  F.  Piatt 
was  formally  called  to  the  pastorate,  and  three 
days  later  the  Church  was  formally  consti- 
tuted by  a  Council  of  ministers  and  delegates 
from  Baptist  Churches  of  other  Cities.  The 
first  place  of  public  worship  was  Union  Hall, 
403  Summit  Street,  where  services  were  first 
held  August  7,  1853,  although  occasional  meet- 
ings had  been  previously  held  in  the  First  Con- 
gregational Church.  Earl}'  in  1854,  steps  were 
taken  for  the  erection  of  a  house  of  worship, 
when  the  site  of  the  proposed  edifice,  on  Huron 
Street,  near  Cherry,  was  purchased  for  81,000. 
The  building  was  dedicated  December  9,  1855, 
at  a  cost  of  $15,502.77,  with  an  indebtedness  of 
$6,191.44,  which  subsequentlj'  was  liquidated. 
At  the  time,  that  was  far  the  most  elegant 
Church  building  in  the  City,  which  then  had  a 
population  of  about  9,000  only.  Mr.  Piatt  con- 
tinued in  active  service  as  Pastor  until  1865, 
when,  owing  to  increasing  throat  affection,  he 
was  compelled  to  suspend  the  same.  Rev. 
Charles  D.  Morris,  then  closing  his  theological 
course  at  Rochester,  was  engaged  to  supply 
the  pulpit  and  aid  in  the  missionary  work. 
This  arrangement  continued  until  November 
12,  1866,  when  Mr.  Piatt  died,  in  the  45th  year 
of  his  age.  Mr.  Morris  then  accepted  a  call  to 
the  pastorate,  and  continued  therein  until 
1881,  when,  in  consideration  of  impaired  health 
of  Mrs.  Morris,  he  tendered  his  resignation,  and 
accepted    the    call    of    a  Baptist    Church    at 


600 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Gloucester,  Massacbvisetts.  The  pastorate  was 
filled  by  the  election  of  Rev.  Byron  A.  Woods, 
who  resigned  in  Jaimarj',  1885,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded September  1st  following  by  Eev.  Alvah 
S.  Hobart.  of  Cincinnati,  who  is  j-et  the  Pastor. 
This  Church  has  been  speciall}-  prominent 
in  the  prosecution  of  missionarj-  work  within 
the  Cit}-.  Six  diiFcrent  fields  have  been  occu- 
pied in  that  way. 

I. — The  North  Mission  School  was  organized 
in  October,  1861,  by  H.  L.  Sargent,  assisted  by 
D.  A.  Waterman,  H.  L.  Phelps,  Peter  White, 
AY.  E.  Parmelee,  Jr.,  Miss  Elizabeth  Pfanner, 
and  Miss  Eliza  Spencer,  with  P.  White  as 
Superintendent.  In  October,  1865,  the  School 
was  suspended,  when  Mr.  O.  R.  Morse,  assisted 
by  a  corps  of  teachers,  reorganized  it,  under 
the  name  of  the  "  Sargent  Bajitist  Mission," 
and  it  has  been  continued  as  such  to  this  time. 
Its  present  Superintendent  is  J.  W.  Hepburn, 
and  membership  185.  The  School  was  named 
in  honor  of  H.  L.  Sargent,  its  real  founder.  Its 
Superintendents  have  been  O.  R.  Morse,  B.  H. 
Van  Hoesen,  Frank  W.  Anderson  and  W.  H. 
Alexander. 

II. — The  Piatt  Mission  was  organized  May 
13,  1866,  with  four  officers,  four  teachers  and 
27  scholars.  During  that  Summer,  its  sessions 
were  held  in  a  shed,  on  the  grounds  of  the 
County  Agricultural  Society,  near  the  corner 
of  Ashland  Avenue  and  Prescott  Street.  The 
first  Sujierintendent  was  L.  Addison  White, 
whose  successors  have  been  Geo.  B.  Hull, 
Frank  Braisted,  J.  H.  Wood,  C.  L.  Ehoades, 
C.  H.  Rosa,  Ira  A.  Richardson  and  C.  T.  Lewis. 

As  an  outgrowth  of  this  Mission,  Ashland 
Avenue  Baptist  Church  was  organized  in  the 
Fall  of  1886.  In  1887,  Rev.  Emery  W.  Hunt 
was  installed  as  Pastor.  At  that  time  the  mem- 
bership numbered  103. 

III. — A  Union  Sabbath  School  was  organized 
in  the  Northern  portion  of  East  Toledo  in 
1853,  with  Oliver  M.  Brown  as  Superintendent. 
In  1861,  Mr.  Brown  entered  the  Union  Army, 
when  Henry  L.  Phelps  became  the  Superin- 
tendent, holding  that  position  for  seven  years. 
In  1863,  an  Union  Chajiel  was  built  in  East 
Toledo,  without  special  denominational  con- 
nection. November  21,  1863,  Rev.  S.  G.  Daw- 
son, from  Lancaster,  Ohio,  commenced  stated 
religious  services  in  the  Cha])el,  and  a  Sabbath 
School  was  organized  December  6th,  with  Mr. 
Dawson  as  Superintendent,  Geo.  W.  Wales  as 
Assistant,  and  R.  U.  Chamberlin  as  Librarian. 
Mr.  Dawson  also  preached  in  Brown's  Hall. 
January  10,  1864,  the  East  Toledo  Baptist 
Church  was  organized,  with  11  members,  to 
wit:  Eev.  S.  G.  Dawson,  Henry  L.  Phelps, 
Geo.  W.  Wales,  Mrs.  Caroline  Wales,  Mrs. 
Charles  Jennison,  Mrs*.  Anna  M.  Dawson,  Mrs. 
Louisa  Phelps,  Mrs.  Mary  A.  Wales,  Miss  Louisa 
Jennison,  Amos  W.  Crane  and  Mrs.  Gabriel 
Crane.  Mr.  Dawson  was  chosen  Pastor.  Dur- 
ing the  years  1864-5,  a  brick  house  of  worship 


was  built,  costing  $6,000.  In  1873,  a  second 
building  was  erected,  and  named  Dawson 
Chapel,  at  the  corner  of  Oak  and  Fort  Streets, 
costing  $4,300.  December  31,  1874,  Mr. 
Dawson  resigned,  to  serve  as  Superintendent 
of  Missions  under  the  State  Baptist  Conven- 
tion, and  died  September  5,  1875.  The  suc- 
cessor of  Mr.  Dawson,  as  Pastor,  was  Rev.  G. 
P.  Osborn,  who  served  to  November,  1875.  He 
was  succeeded  by  Rev.  Wm.  Elgin,  who  on 
account  of  ill  health,  resigned  in  1877,  and  was 
followed  by  Rev.  J.  B.  Scharff.  The  present 
Pastor  is  Rev.  L.  D.  Robinson.  March  3,  1885, 
a  Church  organization  was  made  at  Dawson 
Chapel,  and  given  the  name  of  Memorial  Bap- 
tist Church,  in  recognition  of  the  part  borne  in 
the  Mission  work  there  by  Rev.  S.  G.  Dawson. 
The  Pastor  for  1887,  is  Rev.  G.  P.  Osborne. 

IV.— The  Fifth  Ward  Baptist  Mission  was 
organized  in  October,  1868,  by  Rev.  P.  P.  Farn- 
ham,  assisted  by  14  persons,  mainly  members 
of  the  First  Baptist  Church.  At  first  a  small 
room  on  St.  Clair  Street,  near  Logan,  was 
used,  which  soon  proving  too  small,  other  and 
larger  quarters  were  secured.  Mr.  Farnham 
leaving  in  April,  1869,  the  School  was  con- 
tinued by  the  First  Church  until  July,  1871. 
Meantime  a  Chapel  had  been  erected  at  the 
corner  of  Oliver  and  Knapp  Streets.  In  the 
Summer  ot  1871,  Rev.  Wm.  Sheridan  took 
charge  of  the  Mission,  and  June  9,  1872,  the 
Oliver  Street  Baptist  Church  was  organized, 
with  Mr.  Sheridan  as  Pastor,  John  D.  Prideaux 
as  Clerk,  Jonas  Normanton  as  Treasurer,  and 
H.  B.  Granger  and  Jonas  Normanton  as  Dea- 
cons.    Mr.  Sheridan  continues  as  Pastor. 

v.— On  Sunday,  November  3,  1878,  the 
Oliver  Street  Baptist  Church  opened  the  Olive 
Branch  Sunday  School  in  Brown's  Addition, 
which  is  yet  in  operation,  in  charge  of  Rev. 
John  B.  Scharflt. 

Sheridan  Chapel  was  organized  as  a  Mis- 
sion by  Oliver  Street  Baptist  Church,  Decem- 
ber 20,  1885.  It  is  located  on  the  North  side 
of  Orchard,  between  Thayer  and  Stebbins 
Streets.  Its  Pastor  is  Rev.  Wm.  Sheridan,  the 
Pastor  of  the  mother  Church,  with  Jonas  Nor- 
manton as  Superintendent. 

The  name  of  the  late  H.  L.  Sargent  is  so  in- 
timately associated  with  the  work  of  Christian 
Missions  in  Toledo,  that  brief  recognition  of 
such  relation  is  proper  here.  He  came  to  To- 
ledo about  1857,  as  (]hief  Clerk  of  the  General 
Superintendent  of  the  Michigan  Southern  (now 
Ivake  Shore)  Railroad,  and  held  that  position 
until  Januarj-,  1864,  when,  having  been  ap- 
pointed Chajilain  of  the  Fourteenth  Ohio  In- 
fantry, he  was  ordained  at  Toledo  as  a  Minister 
of  the  Gospel.  After  the  close  of  the  AVar,  he 
accepted  the  pastorate  and  assumed  charge  of  a 
young  Church  at  Huntington,  Massachusetts, 
continuing  therein  until  his  death,  which  oc- 
curred at  Springfield,  Massachusetts,  July  25, 
1866.     From  his  arrival  at  Toledo  his   leisure 


PERMANENT  RELIGIOUS  WORK. 


601 


houfs  were  largely  devoted  to  religious  work, 
and  chiefly  among  the  poor,  in  which  service 
he  was  exceptionally  efficient.  Several  suc- 
cessful enterprises  oi  that  sort  were  indebted 
to  his  self-denying  labors  for  their  start  and 
pi'osperity.  The  Sargent  Mission  on  Erie 
Street  was  named  in  recognition  of  his  devotion 
to  that  class  of  work.  His  Church  relation  was 
that  of  the  Baptist  denomination.  No  name  in 
Toledo  in  connection  with  the  work  With  which 
he  was  specially  identified,  is  more  prominent 
tlian  is  his. 


LUTHERAN  CHURCHES. 

The  oldest  Church  of  this  denomination  in 
Toledo  is  Salem,  its  house  of  worship  being  lo- 
cated on  North  side  Huron  Street,  between  Elm 
and  Chestnut.     It  was  organized  in  1845.    The 

■  Pastor  in  1887,  was  Rev.  F.  J.  S.  Schraeltz. 

I  St.  Paul's,  East  side  Erie,  between  Adams 
r  and  Oak  Streets,  was  organized  in  1854.  It 
I  has  one  of  the  most  commodious  houses  of  wor- 
ship in  the  City.  The  Pastor  in  1887  was  Eev. 
J.  J.  Weis.s. 
I  St.  John's  (German),  East  Toledo,  (formerly 

Oregon  Township),  was  organized  in  18()2,  by 

■  Eev.  John  Doerfler,  and  was  incorporated  in 
f  1863  as  the  "  Evangelical  Lutheran  Con- 
gregation of  St.  John,  Oregon  Township."  In 
September,  1862,  Eev.  Charles  Beckel  became 
the  Pastor,  and  continues  as  such.  The  first 
officers  were  F.  Clansing,  John  Bitter  and  G. 
Burr.  The  present  officers  are — Carl  Koch, 
Henry  Salendorff  and  Henry  Bitter.  The 
Teacher  is  Christ.  Lohmann.  In  1876  a  house 
of  worship  was  erected,  at  a  cost  of  $4,500. 

St.  John's,  corner  Erie  and  Harrison  Streets. 
Organized  in  1864.  Pastor  in  1887,  Eev.  Chris- 
topher Prottengeier. 

St.  Peter's  (German),  corner  Nebraska  Av- 
enue and  Hawley  Street.  Organized  in  1873. 
The  first  Pastor  was  Eev.  C.  MarkschefFei,  who 
served  until  April,  1884,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  Eev.  L.  W.  Graepjje,  the   present  Pastor. 

JThe  Church  in  1887  had  a  membership  of  250. 
Evangelical  Trinity  (German)  was  organ- 
ized in  1874,  its  house  of  worship  being  located 
at  Southwest  corner  of  Vance  and  Ewing 
Streets.  Its  present  Pastor  is  Eev.  Herman 
W.  Querl. 

First  English  Evangelical  Church,  corner 
Oliver  and  Harrison  Streets.  Pastor  in  1887, 
Eev.  S.  L.  Harkey,  D.  D. 

St.  Lucas  (German),  corner  of  Walbridge 
Avenue  and  Franklin  Street.  Pastor  in  1887, 
Eev.  A.  B.  Weber. 

St.  Marcus  Eeformed,  Grasser  Street,  near 
Brand,  East  Toledo.     Organized  in  1874.     Pas- 
tor in  1887,  Eev.  John  Klag. 
B  St.  Mark's  (German),  corner  Woodville  and 

I      Baker    Streets,    East    Toledo.     Organized    in 
1884.     Pastor,  Eev.  Charles  Huebner. 


CHURCHES  FOR  COLORED  PEOPLE. 

The  first  definite  step  taken  in  Toledo  toward 
organization  with  reference  to  religious  privi- 
leges for  c(dored  residents,  consisted  of  a  meet- 
ing of  colored  people  hold  February  5,  1850, 
the  imniodiate  object  being  to  raise  funds  for 
erecting  a  School-house  and  a  place  of  worship, 
they  then  having  no  place  for  either  purpose. 
They  organized  as  the  "  Toledo  Colored  School 
Association,"  with  James  E.  Franklin  asCliair- 
mau,  and  A.  Eichmond  as  Seeretarj-.  On  mo- 
tion of  B.  A.  Price,  Williani  Wilson  stated  the 
object  of  the  meeting.  It  was  resolved  to  build 
a  frame  house,  24  feet  square.  B.  A.  Price,  A. 
Eichmond  and  D.  Nichols  were  appointed  as 
Trustees  ;  J.  B.  Franklin,  Henry  Rice  and  B. 
A.  Price,  as  Collectors ;  and  Eichard  Mott  was 
thanked  for  his  liberality  in  furnishing  a  lot 
for  the  proposed  School-house. 

In  1862,  a  Sabbath  School  for  colored  scholars 
was  organized  in  Toledo.  It  occupied  the  old 
frame  building  on  Erie  Street,  between  Monroe 
and  Washington,  which  is  further  distinguished 
as  the  first  Court-house  of  Lucas  County. 
For  some  months  the  School  struggled  along 
with  12  to  20  members,  when  a  colored 
preacher  from  Kentucky  took  an  interest 
in  it,  and  soon  gave  to  it  increased  suc- 
cess, with  100  members.  Mr.  —  Lott  was  the 
Superintendent  for  the  first  year,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  Mr.  E.  P.  Clark,  Teacher  of  the 
Colored  Public  School.  Its  success  was  largely 
due  to  the  faithful  efforts  of  Mr.  Lott.  There 
had  been  for  some  years  in  existence,  but  in 
feeble  condition,  a  Colored  Church.  The  favor- 
able influence  of  the  Eebellion  was  soon  felt  by 
that  race  in  Toledo,  as  elsewhere  ;  although  the 
heavy  weight  of  caste  prejudice  was  slow  in  its 
removal.  The  name  of  this  organization  was 
originally  Warren  Chapel,  which  was  changed 
to  First  African  M.  E.  Church.  In  1864  steps 
were  taken  toward  the  erection  of  a  house  of 
worship,  the  corner-stone  being  laid  August 
1st,  of  that  year.  The  building  was  finally 
completed,  and  stands  adjoining  the  old  Court- 
house, on  Erie  Street.  The  Pastor  in  1887  was 
Eev.  T.  W.  Haigler,  the  membership  num- 
bering 123. 

Zion's  M.  E.  Church  (Colored),  on  Beach 
Street,  near  Michigan,  was  organized  in  1884. 
Its  Pastor  in  1887  was  Eev.  William  Campbell, 
and  its  membership  45. 

The  Third  Baptist  Church,  of  Toledo  (com- 
posed of  Colored  people),  was  organized  in 
1868.  Its  house  of  worship  is  located  at  the 
corner  of  Woodruff  and  Canton  Avenues.  Its 
Pastor  in  1887  was  Eev.  J.  H.  Meadows. 

OTHER  CHURCHES. 

The  Unitarian  Church. — Work  in  con- 
nection with  this  denomination  has  been  in 
progress  in  Toledo  more  or  lees  prominently 
since   1838.     The    first    record    found    of  that 


39 


602 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


kind,  is  an  announcement  that  "  an  exposition 
of  the  doctrines  of  Christianity,  as  they  are 
held  by  the  Unitarian  denomination,"  would 
be  delivered  at  the  Unitarian  Chapel,  April  1st 
of  that  year.  It  would  seem  that  such  pro- 
vision for  services  was  not  jjermanent,  since  in 
September,  1840,  it  was  announced  that  there 
would  bo  "  Unitarian  preaching  at  the  Presby- 
terian Church  (corner  of  Cherry  and  Superior 
Streets),  to  commence  at  the  usual  time  of 
opening  meeting."  In  January,  1862,  J.  B. 
Marvin  was  ordained  as  a  Minister  of  the  Uni- 
tarian Church,  on  which  occasion  Rev.  Moncure 
D.  Conway,  of  Cincinnati,  Rev.  Robert  CoUyer, 
of  Chicago,  and  Rev.  S.  S.  Hunting,  took  part. 
Mr.  Marvin  became  the  Pastor  of  the  Unitarian 
Church,  then  occupying  a  frame  building  on 
the  present  site  of  Masonic  Hall  (Northwest 
corner  of  Adams  and  Superior  Streets),  which 
had  been  built  for  a  Campbellite  Baptist  Cburch. 
Services  were  maintained  at  that  place  for  sev- 
eral years,  and  until  the  organization  of  the 
Independent  Church,  Rev.  F.  E.  Abbott,  Pas- 
tor, in  1871,  when  the  building  now  the  prop- 
erty of  Central  Congregational  Church,  corner 
of  Adams  and  Tenth  Streets,  was  erected,  and 
for  a  time  was  occupied  by  that  Society. 

The  Church  op  the  United  Brethren  in 
Christ  was  organized  in  1868.  The  first  Pas- 
tor was  Rev.  Edward  Lorenz.  Its  house  of 
worship  is  located  at  324  Hamilton  Street.  In 
1869  Rev.  Benj.  F.  Fritz  became  the  Pastor, 
and  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  J.  Ernst,  who,  after 
six  months'  service,  was  sent  to  Germany  as  a 
Missionary.  Since  then  the  Pastors  have  been 
as  follows  :  C.  Schneider,  1873-76  ;  J.  Sick,  1876- 
79;  J.  P.  Mosshammer,  1879-83;  J.  Schalla, 
1883-86  ;  Benj.  F.  Fritz,  1886-87.  The  Sunday 
School  connected  with  the  Church  was  organ- 
ized in  1868. 

Christian  Church,  organized  in  1872.  Its 
house  of  worship  is  on  Eleventh  Street,  be- 
tween Madison  and  Jefferson.  The  Pastor,  in 
1887,  was  Rev.  J.  E.  McDonald,  and  its  mem- 
bership 265. 

Salem  Church,  of  the  Evangelical  Associa- 
tion, was  organized  in  1874,  with  Rev.  G.  Ilas- 
enpflag  as  Pastor,  whose  successors  have  been 
Revs.  C.  F.  Vegele,  Th.  Suhr,  C.  Cords,  G. 
Zeigler  and  Frederick  Mueller,  the  latter  now 
serving.  The  membership  is  about  90.  The 
house  of  worship  is  at  corner  of  Vance  and 
Division  Streets. 

German  Evangelical  Reformed  Church  ; 
organized  in  1853.  House  of  worship  North- 
west corner  of  Scott  Street  and  Canton  Avenue. 
Pastor,  Rev.  Christopher  Schiller. 

B'Nai  Jacob  (Jewish),  corner  of  John  and 
Union  Streets.    Rev.  Joseph  Goldberg,  Rabbi. 
B'Nai     Israel    (Jewish),    worshipping     in 
Clark's  Hall,  Cherry  Street.    Rev.  Abram  Gold- 
berg, Rabbi. 

The  Free  Chapel.— In  1884,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  providing  accommodations  for  religious 


j)urpose8,  unrestricted  by  denominational  views 
or  associations,  a  Iniilding  was  erected  at  205 
Tenth  Street,  which  was  given  the  name  of 
Free  Chapel.  The  peculiarity  of  faith  on 
which  this  movement  is  founded,  consists  in 
disbelief  in  human  organizations  as  an  agency 
for  the  promotion  of  Christ's  Church  on  earth  ; 
and  in  belief  that  individual  believers  should 
be  held  together  only  by  the  spiritual  bonds  of 
a  common  love  and  experience  of  saving  faith. 
Hence,  there  is  with  such  no  society  organiza- 
tion. Believers  in  this  fa'th  are  scattered 
throughout  this  and  other  countries.  The  To- 
ledo Chapel  was  built  with  means  supplied  by 
David  T.  Newton  and  others  interested  in  the 
movement.  The  title  is  in  the  name  of  Lyman 
H.  Johnson,  the  Pastor,  and  successors  to  be 
appointed  bj'  him.  The  work  is  largely  pro- 
moted by  a  monthly  publication,  the  Stumbling 
Stone,  edited  by  Mr.  Johnson.  Worshi])pers  at 
the  Chapel  comprise  not  only  residents  of 
Toledo,  but  also  ot  the  surrounding  country. 
Services  are  held  weekly,  with  semi-annual 
assemblies  in  March  and  November. 

TOLEDO  BETHEL  WORK. 

An  organization,  having  for  its  specific  ob- 
ject the  dissemination  of  religious  intelligence 
and  other  like  work  among  the  Seamen  of  the 
Lakes  and  Canals  of  the  Western  States,  was 
established  at  Cleveland  in  1830.  In  1833,  a 
small  Chapel  w-as  erected  in  that  City,  at  an 
expense  of  11,000.  In  1W35,  Rev.  D.  C.  Blood 
labored  for  a  few  months  as  Chaplain,  and  left 
on  account  of  ill  health,  being  succeeded  by 
Rev.  V.  D.  Taylor,  who  continued  until  1839, 
when  Rev.  Wm.  Day  took  charge,  and  after- 
wards became  the  General  Agent  of  the  Society. 
The  organization  was  known  as  the  "  Western 
Seamen's  Friend  Societj'." 

In  1847,  Rev.  R.  H.  Leonard  was  appointed 
Corresponding  Secretary,  and  soon  thereafter 
the  Society  was  incorporated,  and  began  to  ex- 
tend its  operations.  In  1853  it  had  Bethel 
Stations  at  Erie,  Cleveland,  Sandusky,  Toledo, 
Detroit,  Milwaukee,  Chicago,  Cincinnati,  St. 
Louis,  Louisville,  Wheeling  and  Pittsburgh. 
It  was  then  seeking  to  extend  its  oi^erations  to 
the  Ohio  and  Upper  Mississippi  Rivers,  and  on 
about  1,000  miles  of  Canals. 

Bethel  work  in  Toledo  seems  to  have  been 
commenced  in  October,  1847,  when  Rev.  Thos. 
Cooper,  Chaplain  of  Seamen,  arrived.  The 
ladies  of  Toledo  presented  to  him  a  Bethel 
Flag,  as  a  signal  for  woi'shi]),  the  exercises  tak- 
ing place  at  First  Congregational  Church.  The 
first  quarters  for  Bethel  work,  were  in  the  third 
storj'  of  Mott's  Block,  Southeast  corner  of 
Summit  and  Monroe  Streets.  The  flag  was 
run  up  in  the  morning  and  left  until  sunset, 
to  designate  the  place.  Services  were  resumed 
at  the  same  place  in  April,  1848. 

In  1852,  steps  were  taken  for  securing  per- 
manent quarters  for  Bethel  work,  which    re- 


PERMANENT  RELIGIOUS   WORK. 


603 


suited  in  the  erection  of  a  bricif  building  on 
Vine  Street,  in  rear  of  272  and  274  Summit. 
The  lot  was  donated  b_y  Charlen;  Butler,  of  Now 
York,  and  the  funds  bj'  citizens  of  Toledo. 
Tlio  building  was  dedicated  January  22,  1853. 
The  Ch:i])laiu  at  that  time  vvas  Rev.  E.  R. 
Jewctt,  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church, 
now  of  Castulia,  Erie  County. 

September  29,  1857,  a  meeting  of  citizens 
was  hold  for  the  purpose  of  organizing  an 
auxiliarj-  to  the  Western  Seamen's  Friend 
Society,  Rev.  W.  W.  Williams  being  in  the 
chair.  S.  G.  Arnold,  from  a  Committee  previ- 
ously appointed,  reported  a  constitution,  which 
was  adopted,  when  Mr.  Arnold,  Andrew  J. 
Field  and  Rev.  Geo.  W.  Collier  were  appointed 
to  report  the  names  of  suitable  persons  to  act 
as  officers  of  the  Association,  wlio  presented 
the  following,  which  report  was  adopted,  to 
wit:  President,  Chas.  A.  King;  Vice  Presi- 
dents, City  Pastors  (W.  W.  Williams,  H.  B. 
Walbridge,  E.  F.  Piatt,  Joseph  Ayres,  G.  W. 
Collier,  Clias.  Ritter) ;  Secretary,  S.  H.  Burr; 
Treasurer,  W.  E.  Parmelee,  Sr.  ;  Directors,  H. 
S.  Walbridge,  Almon  Hopkins,  S.  A.  Raymond, 
T.  H.  Hoag,  John  Eaton,  Jr. 

In  November,  1857,  Rev.  S.  D.  Shaffer  was 
elected  Superintendent  of  the  Bethel  Sunday 
School ;  Albert  H.  Niles,  Secretarj' ;  and  Miss 
Emily  J.  Raymond,  Treasurer.  The  experi- 
ence of  the  new  Superintendent  w^as  not  in  all 
respects  as  pleasant  as  it  might  have  been.  At 
that  time  the  low  grounds  in  the  central  part 
of  the  City,  were  occupied  chiefly  by  "squat- 
ters," or  tenants  at  will,  living  in  small  huts, 
many  of  these  having  been  built  for  the  use  of 
laborers  in  the  construction  of  tlie  Canal.  This 
was  speciall3-  true  of  the  localit}'  bounded  by 
St.  Clair,  Orange,  Huron  and  Oak  Streets,  on 
which  in  1857  there  was  not  a  single  structure, 
save  those  referred  to.  Among  the  squatters 
was  an  Irishman  of  dissolute  habits,  who  often, 
by  service  on  the  chain-gang,  paid  penalty  for 
infractions  of  the  law.  His  wife  applied  to 
Mr.  Shaffer  for  food  and  clothing  for  her 
neglected  family,  which  was  granted,  and  the 
children  were  invited  to  the  Bethel  Sunday 
School.  On  Sunday,  March  7, 1858,  they  were 
not  present,  and  Mr.  Shaffer  called  at  the 
shantj-  to  see  what  had  detained  them.  He 
was  met  hy  the  father  with  raised  axe,  which 
came  near  taking  his  life.  He  warded  off  the 
blow  with  one  hand,  and  knocked  down  his 
assailant  with  the  other.  The  man  lost  the 
axe  in  falling,  and  soon  seized  a  board  and  re- 
newed the  assault,  which  Mr.  Shaffer  warded 
off  and  again  knocked  the  man  down.  The 
wife  now  joined  her  husband  in  the  fight,  while 
several  rough  neighbors  did  the  same.  Mr, 
Shaffer  finally  seized  the  man  by  the  throat, 
and  dragging  him  along  with  one  hand,  beat  . 
off'  assailants  with  the  other.  In  this  way  he 
fought  his  way  out,  and  finally  released  his 
prisoner,  whom,   during  the  struggle,   he  had 


knocked  down  six  or  eight  times.  In  the 
fight,  he  lost  bis  hat,  had  his  coat  badly  torn, 
his  head  bruised,  his  arm  pounded,  his  watch 
broken  and  his  cane  lost.  Nothing  but  liis 
courage  and  su])erior  strength  saved  him  from 
being  wholly  overcome  by  his  assailants.  For 
the  purjjose  of  making  good  Mr.  Shaffer's  loss 
in  the  melee,  his  friends  mot  at  the  house  of 
Captain  Beldon,  taking  with  them  contri- 
butions of  money,  provisions  and  clothing, 
amounting  in  value  to  $2G0.  Mr.  Shaffer's 
positive  and  unqualified  opposition  to  vice, 
and  especially  to  the  sale  and  use  of  liquors, 
provoked  extreme  bitterness  on  the  part  of 
classes  concerned — so  much  so,  that  proces- 
sions of  his  Sabbath  School  in  the  Streets  were 
liable  to  assault  from  vicious  parties,  unless 
protected  bj^  the   presence  of  known  citizens. 

Rev.  S.  M.  Beatty,  long  a  minister  of  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  commenced  his 
labors  as  Chaplain  of  the  Bethel,  in  February, 
1802,  and  continued  the  same  until  his  death  in 
1874.  Few  men  have  been  more  faithful  than 
was  he. 

As  the  result  of  change  in  the  channels  of 
transportation,  largely  from  water  to  rail,  the 
specific  work  of  the  Bethel  became  much  re- 
duced in  extent,  and  attention  came  to  be  di- 
vided between  the  Sailors  and  Railroad  men. 
The  Bethel  building  on  Vine  Street,  about 
1860,  was  taken  by  the  First  Presbyterian 
Church,  for  joint  occupancy  with  the  Bethel 
Society.  The  changed  condition  was  recog- 
nized by  the  friends  of  the  work,  at  whose  sug- 
gestion a  building  was  erected  on  the  Lake 
Shore  Railroad  grounds,  across  the  Bayou 
bridge,  for  the  joint  benefit  of  vSeamen  and  Rail- 
road Men,  which  was  occupied  for  regular 
religious  services  for  many  years.  At  that 
place  a  Railroad  Young  Men's  Christian  Asso- 
ciation was  organized  in  May,  1878,  with  90 
members.  Its  officers  were  :  President,  Wm. 
H.  Kirkley  ;  Vice  President,  C.  H.  Buck ; 
Treasurer,  Frank  J,  Wilcoxson  ;  Corresjiond- 
ing  Secretary,  H,  B.  Sears ;  Recording  Secre- 
tary, W,  T.  Walker. 

YOUNG  MEN'S  CHRISTIAN  ASSOCIATION. 

June  7,  1859,  a  meeting  of  members  of  differ- 
ent City  Churches  was  held  for  the  purpose  of 
organizing  a  Young  Men's  Christian  Union, 
Of  this  meeting  Clark  Waggoner  was  the 
Chairman,  and  James  H.  Campbell  vSecretary. 
Revs.  George  W.  Collier,  W.  W.  Williams,  H, 
B.  Walbridge,  E.  B.  Raflfenspergor,  Oliver  Ken- 
nedy and  E.  F'.  Piatt  were  appointed  to  pre- 
pare a  constitution  and  by-laws  for  such  organ- 
ization. The  Union  thus  constituted  was  not 
of  long  duration. 

Preliminary  steps  toward  the  organization 
of  the  present  Toledo  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association,  were  taken  by  a  meeting  of  citi- 
zens at  the  First  Congregational  Church,  July 


G04 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COVNTY. 


25,  1865.  The  first  election  of  officers  oc- 
curred at  the  same  place  August  29th,  who  were 
as  follows :  President— Henry  G.  Sheldon  ; 
A'ice  President — Thomas  Vanstone  ;  Secretary 
— Daniel  A.  Waterman  ;  Treasurer — Milo  Ba- 
share  ;  Managers— W.  W.  Griffith,  C.  B.  Phil- 
lips, L.  Tiednian,  B.  H.  Van  Hoesen,  H.  L. 
Phelps,  G.  W.  Nort.  An  address  was  then 
adopted,  setting  forth  the  object  of  the  Associa- 
tion as  follows : 

This  Union  shall  be  a  social  organization  of  Chris- 
tians, who,  desiring  each  other's  good,  will  wrlcome 
young  men  who  may  enter  our  City,  direct  them 
where  they  may  find  congenial  society,  introduce 
them  to  the  Church,  to  the  Sabbath  School,  and  to 
the  members  of  this  Union,  and  surround  them  in 
every  possible  way  with  such  influences  as  will  make 
them  feel  that  Christian  brothers  care  for  their  wel- 
fare. 

The  arrangements  of  the  As.sociation  were  so 
far  advanced  by  November  27, 1865,  that  rooms 
for  its  use  were  th6n  oj)ened  on  the  second  tioor 
of  Hartford  Block,  corner  of  Summit  and  Mad- 
ison vStreets,  where  were  supplied  tables,  chairs, 
and  an  assortment  of  suitable  reading  matter. 
The  exercises  of  the  occasion  consisted  of  sing- 
ing prayers,  addresses  by  President  Sheldon, 
Eev.  C.  W.  Ketcham,  St.  Paul's  M.  B.  Church ; 
Eev.  E.  B.  Eaflfeu.sperger,  First  Presbyterian 
Church;  Eev.  Wm.  W.  Williams,  First,  Con- 
gregational; Eev.  B.  F.  Piatt,  First  Baptist, 
and  Eev.  S.  G.Dawson,  Second  Baptist  Church. 

The  Association  has  been  maintained  with 
creditable  efficiency  during  the  22  years  of  its 
existence.  In  1S80,  through  the  liberalitj'  of 
its  friends,  it  was  enabled  to  secure  permanent 
quarters  by  the  purchase  of  the  building  No. 
477  Summit  Street,  which  has  furnished  liberal 
accommodations,  including  Eeading  Eooms, 
Hall,  Gymnasium  and  smaller  rooms.  The  of- 
ficers for  1887  are  as  follows  : 

President,  H.  C.  Sprague  ;  Vice  President,  A.  E. 
Rood  ;  Treasurer,  J.  J.  Freeman  ;  Recording  Secre- 
tary, A.  O.  Hill ;  General  Secretary,  Willard  H. 
Smith.  Directors — H.  C.  Sprague,  A.  E.  Rood,  J.  J. 
Freeman,  S.  R.  Maclaren,  R.  H.  AVhituey,  H.  E.  Mar- 
vin, Thomas  H.  Walbridge,  C.  H.  Whitaker,  John  B. 
Merreil,  C.  II.  Buck,  R  A.  Bartley,  M.  H.  DavLs,  H. 
E.  King. 

LUCAS  COUNTY  BIBLE  SOCIETY. 

In  1847,  the  Lucas  County  Bible  Society  was 
organized  for  the  purpose  of  promoting  the 
circulation  of  the  Scriptures.  The  Kith  anni- 
ver.sary  of  the  Society  was  held  November 
29,  1857,  when  the  following  officers  were 
chosen:  President,  Almon  Hopkins;  Vice 
President,  Wm.  Baker;  Secretarj-,  Eev.  Wm. 
W.  Williams;  Treasurer,  S.  H.Keeler  ;  Deposi- 
tary, S.  H.  Burr ;  Auditor,  C.  A.  King.  Ad- 
dresses were  made  by  Eev.  B.  W.  Smith,  State 
Agent;  Wm.  Baker,  John  Eaton  Jr.,  and  Eev. 
G.  W.  Collier. 

The  officers  of  the  Society  for  1887,  were  as 
follows:     President,    Marion  Lawrance;  Vice 


Presidents,  Pastors  of  City  Churches  ;  Treas- 
urer, J.  W.  Hiett;  Secretary,  B.  W.  Lendersou  ; 
Depositary,  T.  J.  Brown. 

UNITED  STATES  CHRISTIAN  COMMISSION. 

In  December,  1864,  a  Branch  of  the  United 
States  Christian  Commission,  operating  in  the 
interest  of  the  Soldiers  of  the  Union  Army,  was 
organized  in  Toledo.  At  a  preliminary  meet- 
ing held  on  the  7th  of  that  month,  the  follow- 
ing committee  were  ajjpointed  for  arranging 
for  such  organization  : 

Rev.  Wm.  W.  Williams  and  W.  W.  Griffith,  of  First 
Congregational  C'hurch  ;  Rev.  E.  F.  Piatt  and  H.  J. 
Hayes,  of  First  Baptist  Church  ;  Rev.  C.  W.  Ketcham 
and  Almon  Hopkins,  of  St.  Paul's  Methodist  Epi.sco- 
pal  Church  ;  Rev.  J.  W.  Alderman  and  C.  T.  Wales, 
of  Ames  Chapel  ;  Rev.  H.  B.  Walbridge  and  D.  B. 
Smith,  of  Trinity  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  ;  Rev. 
E.  B.  RafFensperger  and  Thos.  Yanstone,  of  First 
Presbyterian  Church ;  Rev.  P.  F.  Schneider  and 
John  C.  Wuerfel,  of  German  Methodist  Church.  Of 
this  Committee,  D.  B.  Smith  was  the  Chairman. 

December  8th,  the  Commission  was  organ- 
ized, with  the  following  officers :  President, 
Wm.  Baker  ;  Vice  President,  Almon  Hopkins  ; 
Eecording  Secretary,  Chas.  T.  Wales;  Corres- 
ponding Secretary',  Dr.  H.  W.  Pierson  ;  Treas- 
urer, Denison  B.  Smith. 

In  February,  1865,  the  ladies  of  the  First 
Congregational  Church,  Toledo,  formed  a  Soci- 
ety Auxiliary  to  the  United  States  Christian 
Commission,  with  the  following  officers  :  Presi- 
dent, Mrs.  Mary  Walbridge ;  Vice  President, 
Mrs.  J.  Austin"  Scott ;  Secretary,  Mrs.  J.  S. 
Lyman  ;  Treasurer,  Miss  Carrie  Baton. 

Operations  in  this  connection  were  sus- 
pended soon  after  the  date  of  the  foregoing 
organization,  by  the  close  of  the  War  which 
had  made  such  work  necessary.  The  nriean- 
time  the  Toledo  Societies  were  active  in  co- 
operation with  the  great  work  of  the  parent 
Commission. 

ALLEN  STREET  MISSION. 

In  August,  1863^  steps  were  taken  for  pro- 
viding with  religious  instruction,  the  children 
and  j^outh  along  and  in  the  vicinity  of  Allen 
Street  (now  Canton  Avenue),  a  locality  then 
destitute  of  such  advantages.  At  the  time 
stated,  a  few  children  were  gathered  in  the 
kitchen  of  Henry  Williams  on  State  Street. 
Soon  the  School  became  too  numerous  for  its 
quarters,  when  it  was  removed  to  the  Pottery 
of  August  Phillips,  233  Cherry  Street.  Subse- 
quently more  permanent  accommodations  were 
furnished  by  the  erection  of  a  Chapel  on  the 
Westsideof  Canton  Avenue,  between  North  and 
Beach  Streets,  which  was  dedicated  September 
8,  1872,  and  is  yet  occupied  by  the  School. 
Prominent  among  the  active  early  friends  of 
the  work,  were  C.  H.  Buck,  T.  J.  Brown,  J.  M. 
McKee  and  others.  Prom  the  first,  it  has  been 
non-sectarian    in    character.      November    20, 


(^^z^^-^^r^ 


PERMANENT  RELIGIOUS   WORK. 


605 


1870,  Mr.  D.  N.  Trowbridge  bcoaino  the  Super- 
intendent, as  he  continues  to  he.  The  attend- 
ance when  Mr.  Trowbridge  assumed  charge, 
was  3()  to  40  ;  the  average  for  the  past  ten 
j-ear.s  has  been  145.  For  many  years  past,  Mr. 
A.  G.  Moore  has  been  the  Assistant  Sinjcrin- 
tendent,  Charles  Eeibel  the  Secretary  and 
Treasurer,  and  Miss  Anna  Steincamp  the  Or- 
ganist, with  Miss  Minnie  Hall  as  Assistant. 

ADAMS  STREET  MISSION. 

For  several  years  this  has  been  among  the 
prominent  enterprises  in  the  interest  of  the 
more  neglected  classes  of  the  young  people  of 
the  City.  In  January,  1871,  religious  services 
were  held  in  the  Theatre  Comique,  corner  of 
Monroe  and  St.  Clair  Streets,  an  establishment 
of  low  order,  kept  bj'  one  Capt.  Hamm,  after 
which  announcement  was  then  made  that  on 
the  following  Sabbath  a  Sunday  School  would 
be  opened  at  that  place.  At  that  time  some  90 
pupils  were  arrranged  in  12  classes.  Soon 
thereafter,  the  Theatre  being  closed,  other 
quarters  became  necessary,   and  in    February, 

1871,  the  School  was  located  at  138  St.  Clan- 
Street,  and  was  known  as  the  St.  Clair  Street 
Mission.  Here  the  movement  took  more  defi- 
nite form,  including,  beside  religious  instruc- 
tion, provision  for  the  more  pressing  temporal 
needs  of  the  pupils,  for  which  piurpose  a 
Belief  Society  was  organized  by  ladies  con- 
nected with  the  work.  In  March,  1871,  St. 
Clair  Mission  Division  of  Sons  of  Temperance 
(afterwards  known  as  Crystal  Fountain  Divi- 
sion) was  organized,  and  was  instrumental  in 
reclaiming  many  intemperate    men.     In  May, 

1872,  the  Mission  purchased  the  building  153 
Adams  Street,  when  the  School  took  the  name 
of  Adams  Street  Mission.  At  the  time,  the  bar 
of  a  low  saloon  was  still  standing  in  the  room. 
The  Sunday  School  at  this  place  was  inaugu- 
rated February  24,  1872.  Payment  for  the 
building  (?350)  was  made  in  April,  when  it 
was  transformed  from  an  abode  of  vice  and 
crime  to  a  School  of  virtue  and  Christian  in- 
struction, which  it  has  continued  to  be  for  16 
years.  Very  soon  after  the  commencement  of 
this  Mission,  Gen.  Patrick  S.  Slevin,  then  the 
Collector  of  Customs  for  the  District,  assumed 
general  charge  of  the  work,  and  upon  resign- 
ing his  official  position,  assumed  the  post  and 
work  of  City  Missionary,  which  he  has  con- 
tinued to  this  time.  From  the  first  Mr.  J. 
Cooper  Price  has  been  and  yet  is  Superintend- 
ent of  the  Mission  School.  To  these  two 
gentlemen,  chiefly,  is  due  the  success  of  the 
enterprise.  Beside  these,  were  active  in  the 
early  history  of  the  School,  1j.  M.  Skidmore, 
E.  P.  Talt,  A.  A.  Andrews  and  wife,  John 
Irving,  Madison  Miller,  Clarence  Morris,  J.  B. 
Osborn,  Chas.  Douglass,  C.  W.  Everett,  C.  L. 
Young  and  others.  Prominent  among  the 
Managers  and  Teachers,  have  been  Mrs.  J.  E. 
Morehouse,  Geo.  W.  Ford  and  wife,  L.  M.  Skid- 


more,  and  others.  In  1886,  this  Mission  re- 
ceived from  Mr.  Bobcrt  Uallaran,  a  prominent 
business  man  of  this  Citj',  since  deceased,  a 
donation  of  $5,000  for  use  in  providing  more 
adequate  accommodations  for  the  work,  with 
which  the  building.  No.  143  Adams  Street,  was 
constructed. 

SABBATH  SCHOOL  UNION. 

The  Toledo  Sabbath  School  "Union  had  a 
celebration  September  3,  18G9,  in  which  17 
Schools  took  part,  as  follows  : 

First  Congregational  Church,  Rev.  W.  W.  Wil- 
liams, .Superintendent,  ;!50  scholars  ;  Second  Congre- 
gational (East  Side),  Rev.  R.  tjuaift",  7-') ;  First  Baptist, 
Wni.  Baker,  100;  BaptLst  (Fifth  Ward)  Mission, 
Frank  W.  Ander.son,  80 ;  Sargent  Mission,  O.  R. 
Morse,  100  ;  Piatt  Mission,  Frank  Braisted,  Ih ;  Bethel, 
J.  Cooper  Price,  350;  First  Presbyterian,  Tlioraas 
Vanstone,  17-5 ;  Allen  Street  Mission,  J.  I\I.  McKee, 
125;  Westminster,  David  Smith,  1.50;  St.  Paul's  (M. 
E.),  A.  P.  Miller,  2.50;  Lagrange  (M.  E.),  W.  H.  Bell- 
man, 125 ;  Broadway  (M.  E.),  R.  Hunter,  125;  Afri- 
can (M.  E.),  Jas.  Lyman,  35  ;  Point  Mission  (First  Con- 
gregational),C.  H.  Buck,  200;  Union  (East  Side),  Rev. 
S.  G.  Dawson,  100 ;  Lutheran,  John  Klagy,  110. 

Eevs.  Benj.  Frankland  and  M.  Caldwell  of 
Cleveland  delivered  addresses. 

HOME    MISSION. 

The  Home  Mission  Sabbath  School  was  or- 
ganized April  15,  1883.  It  is  wholly  unde- 
nominational, and  occupies  Union  Hall,  316 
Erie  Street,  The  officers  for  1887  were  :  L.  B. 
Lake,  Superintendent;  F.  P.  Smith,  Assistant ; 
C.  A.  Langdon,  Eicka  Wackle,  and  Fannie  M. 
Eddy,  Secretaries.     Enrollment  in  1887,  298. 


DAVID  SMITH  was  born  at  Kilconquhar, 
Scotland,  in  October,  1818.  In  1832,  when  he 
was  14  years  of  age,  the  family  left  Scotland 
for  America.  After  two  narrow  escapes  from 
shipwreck,  they  reached  Upper  Canada  and 
settled  at  Pickering.  When  17  years  of  age 
(1835),  David  went  to  Buffalo,  New  York, 
where,  with  his  brother,  James  L.,  he  was  em- 
ployed in  the  engineer's  service  of  the  Buffalo 
and  Niagara  Eailroad.  In  1837,  coming  to 
Ohio,  he  was  one  of  the  party  who  surveyed 
the  line  of  the  proposed  Toledo  and  Sandusky 
Eailroad,  which  never  was  built.  That  en- 
gagement completed,  Mr.  Smith  went  to  Tecum- 
seh,  Michigan,  and  aided  in  the  location  and 
construction  of  tlie  Palmyra  and  Jacksonburg 
Eailroad  (now  substantially  the  Jackson 
branch  of  the  Lake  Shore  and  Michigan  South- 
ern Eoad).  Locating  at  Tecumseh  in  1839,  he 
engaged  in  tlie  newspaper  business  with  his 
brother,  James  L.,  and  published  the  Village 
Record  until  1840,  when  they  sold  out.  En- 
gaging in  the  mercantile  trade  with  Geo.  \V. 
Ketcham,  David  continued  in  the  same  there 
until  1850,  when  the  goods  were  removed  to 
Toledo.     The    following   year,    in  connection 


60fi 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


with  the  late  Hudson  B.  Hall,  also  from  Te- 
cumseh,  Mr.  Smith  began  the  manufacture  and 
sale  of  lumber,  their  mill  for  several  years 
being  located  on  the  East  Side,  and  subse- 
quently removed  to  the  West  Side  of  the  River. 
In  this  business  Mr.  Smith  continued  until  the 
time  of  his  death.  The  operations  of  the  es- 
tablishment, from  small  beginnings,  increased 
to  large  proportions  and  was  exceptionally 
prosperous.  For  10  years  previous  to  Mr. 
Smith's  death,  which  occurred  March  29,  1876, 
his  eldest  son,  Wm.  H.  H.  Smith,  was  associ- 
ated with  him  in  business.  The  exceptional 
success  of  the  establishment  was  largelj-  due 
to  the  strict  and  correct  habits  of  business, 
sound  judgment  and  known  integrity,  which 
marked  its  management,  and  to  which  the 
original  proprietors  both  so  liberally  con- 
tributed. No  firm  in  the  City  enjoyed  such 
enviable  standing  in  more  eminent  degree, 
than  did  the  firm  of  H.  B.  Hall  &  Co.,  which 
never  deceived  a  customer,  nor  knowingly  per- 
mitted one  to  be  deceived.  The  business  of  the 
establishment,  now  much  enlarged,  is  con- 
ducted by  Mr.  Smith's  two  sons  (William  H. 
H.  and  Howard  M.)  Beginning  at  the  age  of 
17,  Mr.  Smith's  business  life  covered  a  period 
of  over  40  years,  and  throughout  was  marked 
by  a  degree  of  energy  and  integrity  seldom 
shown.  But  it  was  not  in  the  department  of 
business — honorable  as  that  was — that  he  com- 
manded in  highest  degree  the  regard  of  his 
fellowmen.  It  was  rather  in  the  domestic,  the 
religious  and  the  social  relations  which  he  so 
honorably  bore,  that  his  true  character  found  its 
fullest  develojiment.  These,  far  more  than  the 
lines  of  trade,  afforded  free  exercise  for  his  in- 
born love  for  men  and  his  high  reverence  for 
his  Creator,  which  from  childhood  so  strongly 
controlled  his  life.  As  husband  and  father, 
neighbor  and  citizen,  his  keen  sense  of  personal 
obligation  to  others,  was  ever  shown  in  a  sacri- 
fice of  self  in  the  interest  of  others.  The  home 
circle  always  enlisted  his  fondest  interest. 
Next  to  that,  he  most  highly  cherished  his  re- 
lations with  Christian  people.  In  all  the 
manifold  channels  for  activity  in  Christian  life, 
he  was  habitually  and  zealously  employed. 
For  nearly  40  years  a  member  of  the  Presbj-- 
terian  Church,  and  most  of  that  period  an  ofiice- 
bearer— as  Elder,  Trustee,  Sabbath  School 
Superintendent,  or  Chorister— he  permitted 
no  opportunity  for  usefulness  to  pass  unim- 
proved. As  a  member  of  Building  Committees 
of  the  First  Congregational  and  Westminster 
Churches  of  Toledo,  his  devotion  of  time  and 
judgment  was  specially  useful,  and  the  suc- 
cess of  those  Societies  was  largely  due 
to  such  effective  service.  In  the  contribu- 
tion of  material  aid,  he  was  no  more 
restrained  in  his  support  of  religious  work, 
than  in  the  bestowal  of  personal  service.  Nor 
was  his  active  interest  confined  to  Church 
work;  but  was  manifested  liberally  in  what- 


ever ways  promised  good  to  his  fellow  men  of 
whatever  class  or  creed.  There  was  not  a 
social,  moral  or  civil  interest  of  his  fellows, 
that  failed  to  enlist  his  favorable  consideration 
and  his  active  aid.  As  a  member  of  the  City 
Council  and  of  the  Board  of  Education,  as  a 
Trustee  of  the  House  of  Refuge,  and  in  other 
positions  of  public  trust,  his  services  were  often 
sought  and  always  appreciated.  It  has  been 
trulj-  said  of  him :  "  He  was  emphatically  a 
friend  of  man — ever  ready  and  cheerful  in 
meeting  the  command  to  love  his  neighbor  as 
himself  Thus,  he  left  a  name  more  precious 
to  his  family  and  friends,  than  earthly  wealth. 
He  lived  and  died  a  true  Christian,  and  his 
memory  will  ever  be  fresh  and  grateful  in  the 
recollection  of  a  large  circle  of  friends."  "  Such 
a  life — in  all  its  substantial  elements,  is  a  suc- 
cess, and  furnishes  an  example  honorable  to 
the  deceased  and  useful  to  the  living,  present 
and  future."  Following  the  death  of  Mr. 
Smith,  the  Sunday  School  of  Westminster 
(Presbyterian)  Church — of  which  he  was  the 
first  Supei'intendent  and  throughout  an  active 
member — adopted  a  tribute  of  affection  and 
acknowledgment  to  his  memory,  in  which  it 
was  stated  :  ''  We  recognize  in  his  sound  in- 
struction, loving  watchfulness  and  judicious 
management,  a  prominent  source  of  the  bless- 
ings we  now  enjoy  ;  and  it  is  a  grateful  privi- 
lege to  bear  testimony  to  his  untiring  fidelity 
and  to  commend  his  high  example.  Especially 
would  we  impress  upon  all,  the  great  value  of 
the  careful  studj-  of  the  Word  of  God,  which, 
beginning  with  early  childhood,  in  his  native 
Scotland,  was  never  relaxed,  but  attended  him 
with  increasing  devotion  to  the  last.  To  search 
the  Scriptui-es,  was  with  him  a  life-work,  and 
was  richly  repaid  in  the  well  of  precious  truth 
ever  springing  uj)  in  his  heart  and  flowing  out 
to  refresh  and  gladden  all  around  him."  In 
18?)9,  Mr.  Smith  was  married  with  Miss  Sarah 
B.  Mandeville,  who,  witli  four  children — Wm. 
H.  H.  Smith,  of  Toledo;  Mrs.  Wm.  A.  Ewing, 
of  Chicago,  111.  ;  Miss  Florence  and  Howard  M. 
Smith,  of  Toledo — survive  him.  Subsequently 
(March  7,  1886),  Mrs.  Smith  was  called  to  re- 
join the  one  so  long  a  partner  of  her  younger 
and  more  mature  life.  Sympathizing  with  and 
sharing  in  the  works  of  usefulness  which  so 
largely  distinguished  her  husband's  life,  Mrs. 
Smith,  like  him,  ever  held  a  prominent  place 
in  the  social  and  religious  circles  where  her 
activities  were  highly  appreciated.  This  was 
eminently  so,  in  the  dift'erent  fields  of  Church 
and  benevolent  work,  where  she  is  specially 
missed. 

DEMETRIUS  NASH  TROWBRIDGE.  — 
Among  those  who  have  assisted  in  promoting 
the  manufacturing  interests  of  Toledo,  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch  deserves  recognition  as  one 
of  the  earlier  pioneers  in  developing  this  source 
of  local  prosperity.     Mr.   Trowbridge  is  a  son 


^67^. c^- 


/r\ 


V 


PERMANENT  RELIGIOUS   WORK. 


607 


of  Asahel  and  Betsey  (Murray)  Trowbridge, 
and  was  born  at  Pike,  Wyominijj  county,  N.  Y., 
July  2,  1825.  His  father  was  of  English  na- 
tivity, and  a  lineal  descendant  of  a  family  of 
that  name  which  settled  in  Connecticut  as  early 
as  1650.  His  mother  was  of  Scotch  descent, 
her  ancestors  also  being  early  .settlers  in  New 
England.  In  1836  Mr.  Trowbridge's  parents 
removed  to  Niagara  County,  New  York,  and 
settled  on  a  farm.  On  account  of  the  poor 
health  of  his  father,  Mr.  Trowbridge  remained 
on  the  farm  assisting  his  parents  until  his  21st 
year.  During  this  period,  the  laborious  work 
devolving  u]ion  him  prevented  his  securing 
more  than  the  most  limited  School  advantages. 
For  two  seasons  following  his  21st  birthday, 
he  successfully  conducted  a  threshing-machine, 
doing  the  threshing  for  the  adjoining  farmers. 
In  the  fall  of  1848,  in  connection  with  his 
brother  Lyman,  he  purchased  an  interest  in  a 
shingle-mill  at  Lockport,  New  York,  in  which 
business  he  was  engaged  until  1852.  At  the 
latter  date  he  began  with  the  same  brother  the 
manufacture  of  staves  at  the  same  place,  which 
was  continued  until  186:-5,  when  they  came  to 
Toledo  and  continued  the  same  business  in  a 
factory  where  the  Union  Elevator  now  stands, 
in  Bast  Toledo.  In  1864  another  brother 
(Mortimer)  became  a  partner,  from  which  date 
lihe  firm  was  known  as  Trowbridge  Brothers. 
Another  mill  was  built  by  them  at  Napoleon, 
in  1867.  In  1874  the  subject  of  this  sketch 
bought  out  his  brothers'  interests  in  the  Toledo 
mill  and  sold  his  interest  in  the  Napoleon  mill. 
Mr.  Trowbridge  then  took  his  son,  Frank  E., 
as  a  partner,  and  from  that  time  until  1880  the 
business  was  conducted  under  the  firm  name  of 
D.  N.  Trowbridge  &  Son.  In  1878  the  mill  at 
the  Union  Elevator  was  abandoned,  and  a  plant 
established  at  Le  Moyne,  on  the  Toledo  &  Co- 
lumbus Railroad,  12  miles  from  Toledo.  In 
1880  the  son  formed  a  partnershij)  with  Joseph 
M.  Spencer,  the  firm  name  becoming  Trow- 
bridge &  Spencer,  which  is  still  engaged  in 
stave  manufacturing.  Mr.  Trowbridge  con- 
tinued the  business  at  Le  Moyne  until  1885, 
when  he  removed  to  his  present  location  at 
Dunbridge,on  the  Toledo,  Columbus&  Southern 
Railroad,  14  miles  from  Toledo,  where  he  has 
established  a  Stave  and  Heading-Mill,  Saw- 
Mill  and  Hoop-Mill.  In  1888  he  built 
an  additional  mill  at  Luckey,  on  the  Ohio  Cen- 
tral Railroad,  and  in  1884  purchased  a  mill  at 
Defiance.  In  the  former  his  brother,  M.  A.  Trow- 
bridge, was  partner  for  a  short  time,  but  at  the 
present  time  his  son-in-law,  N.  B.  Eddy,  is  a 
partner  in  both  concerns  under  the  firm  name 
of  Trowbridge  &  Eddy.  Mr.  Trowbridge  is  at  the 
present  time  one  of  the  largest  Stave  manufac- 
turers in  this  section,  furnishing  at  his  three 
mills  employment  to  150  men.  The  general 
business  office  is  located  on  Summit  Street. 
Mr.  Trowbridge  was  married  in  1849  to  Doro- 
thy Ann  Moag,  of  Lockj)ort,  New  York.    Four 


children  have  boon  born  to  them,  all  of  whom 
are  living  and  have  reached  ages  of  maturity. 
In  order  of  birth  they  are  as  follows  :  Helen 
Augusta,  wife  of  N.  B.  Eddy;  Frank  E., 
Eleanor  Elizabeth  and  Marietta.  Politically, 
Mr.  Trowbridge  has  always  been  guided  by 
his  conviction  of  right,  and  no  man  is  stronger 
in  his  allegiance  to  his  conviction  of  duty  and 
the  course  his  conscience  ajiproves.  A  meas- 
ure or  a  principle  he  believes  to  bo  founded  in 
the  right  would  receive  his  sujiport  regardless 
of  what  other  men  might  do.  Moral  courage 
has  never  been  lacking  in  him  to  desert  any 
party  when  he  believed  it  in  the  wrong.  Ho 
cast  his  first  vote  as  a  Democrat,  but  when  the 
Free  Soil  ]iarty  came  into  existence,  he  at- 
tached himself  to  that  organization,  a  step 
which  brouglit  upon  him  the  ridicule  and  al- 
most personal  persecution  of  his  former  party 
friends.  Upon  the  formation  of  the  Republi- 
can party  he  joined  that  organization  and  re- 
mained with  it  until  1872,  when  the  question 
of  the  legal  suppression  of  the  liquor  traffic  be- 
came a  prominent  issue.  This  cause  appealed  to 
him  as  one  of  the  objects  most  desired  for  the 
well-being  of  society.  Accordingly  he  joined 
the  ranks  of  the  Prohibition  party,  and  from 
that  day  to  this  has  been  one  of  the  most  active 
members  in  this  section  of  the  country.  He 
has  ever  been  ready,  at  whatever  sacrifice  of 
lime  and  money,  to  aid  in  promulgatiTig  and 
instilling  in  the  minds  of  the  people  the  aims 
and  purpose  of  a  cause  he  firmly  believes  will 
yet  be  crowned  with  success.  The  firm  posi- 
tion taken  by  Mr.  Trowbridge  on  this  question, 
in  the  early  organization  of  the  Prohibition 
party,  made  him  at  the  time  one  of  the  very  few 
advocates  of  the  cause  in  this  City.  But  the 
idea  which  was  then  ridiculed  and  denounced, 
he  since  has  the  satisfaction  to  see  develop  into 
one  of  the  most  commanding  questions  before 
the  people  of  this  country.  While  men  may 
differ  with  Mr.  Trowbridge  on  questions  of 
expediency  and  methods  of  carrying  out  de- 
sired reforms,  still,  it  is  not  too  much  to  say, 
that  no  man  who  knows  him  ever  questioned 
the  honesty  and  sincerity  of  his  motives  in  any 
position  he  assumes,  either  of  a  political,  social 
or  moral  nature.  The  rare  quality  of  moral 
courage  is  the  strongest  element  in  his  charac- 
ter, and  this  naturally  enlists  the  confidence, 
respect  and  esteem  of  all  good  men.  In  all 
that  pertains  to  religious  affairs,  Mr.  Trow- 
bridge has  always  been  a  zealous  worker. 
Ever  since  he  came  to  Toledo  he  has  been  a 
member  of  the  First  Congregational  Church, 
in  which  for  over  20  years,  he  has  been  a  prom- 
inent office-bearer.  For  the  last  19  3-cars  he  has 
been  Superintendent  of  Allen  Street  Mission, 
where  his  unremitting  labors  have  materially 
assisted  in  the  building  up  of  that  worthy  in- 
stitution. Every  deserving  work  of  charity  in 
this  City  finds  in  him  an  earnest,  liberal  sup- 
porter,   while   on    all    questions   affecting    the 


60S 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COVNTY. 


public  prosperity,  he  ever  evinces  the  spirit 
which  should  actuate  a  progressive  citizen  and 
well-wisher  of  the  public  good. 


LAKESIDE  CAMP-GROUND. 

In  the  year  1871,  it  was  proposed  by  a  num- 
ber of  older  residents  of  Ottawa  County,  who, 
in  their  younger  days,  had  enjoyed  annual 
Camp  Meetings,  that  there  be  established  a 
Camp-Ground  somewhere  in  the  Island  and 
Peninsula  portion  of  the  County.  Giving 
practical  torm  to  such  proposition,  these  parties 
purchased  a  tract  of  land  on  the  North  shore 
of  the  Peninsula,  and  nearly  opposite  Put-in 
Bay,  which  they,  through  Eeverend  Leroy  H. 
Beit,  then  Presiding  Elder  of  the  Toledo"  Dis- 
trict, tendered  to  the  Central  Ohio  Annual 
Conference  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church, 
within  whose  bounds  the  property  was  located, 
upon  the  condition  that  the  same  should  be 
adopted  and  maintained  as  the  Camp-Ground 
of  the  Conference.  The  offer  was  accepted, 
and  the  location  was  given  the  name  of  "  Lake- 
side." Trustees  in  Trust  were  elected  (partly 
of  Ministers  and  partly  of  Laymen),  to  hold 
the  Grounds,  for  the  purpose  named.  Both  the 
owners  and  the  Trustees  soon  found  the  under- 
taking to  be  more  than  they  had  contemplated ; 
but  earnest  steps  at  once  were  taken  toward 
the  execution  of  the  plan.  A  Dock,  a  Hotel, 
Dining-HuU,  and  sj'stem  of  sewerage,  water- 
supply,  and  lighting  of  the  grounds  were  soon 
commenced.  In  1872,  several  Toledo  parties 
took  stock  in  the  Land  Company.  These  in- 
cluded L.  M.  Skidmore,  Chas.  W.  Bond,  J. 
Vogle,  C.  A.  Croninger,  J.  W.  Hiett,  and  E.  W. 
Lenderson.  To  the  Church  the  Land  Company 
deeded  theauditorium,  parks,  sole  police  control, 
and  power  forever  to  prohibit  tiie  saleof  lots  for 
purposes  adverse  to  the  nature,  scope  and  design 
of  the  enterprise  ;  at  the  same  time  binding  the 
Company  to  furnish  water,  lighting,  ice,  sewer- 
age and  boarding  and  sleeping  accommoda- 
tions; while  reserving  to  itself  the  right  to 
hold  or  sell  lots  as  surveyed.  The  Church  was 
bound  to  hold  meetings  on  these  Grounds  for 
not  less  than  the  five  following  years,  and  with 
intermissions  of  not  to  exceed  two  years  there- 
after. 

After  the  first  year  it  was  deemed  best  to 
associate  other  Conferences  with  the  one  own- 
ing these  rights.  The  Articles  of  Association 
under  which  the  Church  became  corporate, 
were  then  so  changed  that  such  other  Confer- 
ences might  at  any  time  participate  in  owner- 
ship and  management.  The  North  Ohio,  the 
Central  German,  and  the  East  Ohio  Confer- 
ences all  have  since  become^  thus  associated, 
and  under  their  united  management  and  con- 
trol, Sabbath    School    Encampments,^^Camp- 


Meetings  and  Lectiire  Courses  are  there  an-  J 
nually  held.  Upon  the  Grounds  a  commodi- 
ous Dock,  a  fine  Hotel,  several  Dining-Halls,  a 
good  Store,  Ice-houses,  Meat-shops,  &c.,  have 
been  erected  bj'  the  Land  Company,  and  two 
large  auditoriums — one  for  the  English  and 
one  for  the  Germans — have  been  erected.  Over 
350  Cottages  have  been  jjut  up  by  individual 
owners,  so  that  Lakeside  has  become  a  "  Village 
in  the  Woods."  Many  families  have  their 
permanent  houses  here.  Hence,  there  are  es- 
tablished a  Post-OfRce,  Church  and  School. 

Water  transportation  was  the  only  means 
for  getting  to  and  from  Lakeside  for  several 
years  ;  but  as  the  certainty  and  pleasure  of 
this  means  of  travel  depended  upon  the 
weather,  a  Railroad  has  been  constructed  to 
Marblehead  and  Lakeside  from  Danbury, 
where  it  forms  a  junction  with  the  Lake  Shore 
Railway.  The  stock  of  the  Land  Company  is 
now  principally  owned  by  two  men  resident  at 
Lakeside — Messrs.  Samuel  R.  Gill  and  Barney 
Jacobs — who  spend  most  of  their  time  attend 
ing  to  the  demands  of  this  fast  growing  enter- 
prise. People  of  all  denominations  have  their 
Cottage-houses  here,  and  upon  the  platform  at 
Lakeside  are  annually  heard  speakers  without 
regard  to  sect  or  political  association ;  and  in 
the  annual  programmes  of  entertainment, 
Religion,  Education,  Social  Reform,  all  are 
cultivated  and  encouraged  alike.  To  these 
Grounds  annually  flock  thousands  of  people 
for  recreation,  instruction  and  pleasure  during 
the  heated  season  of  the  year,  the  Grounds 
being  open  from  July  to  September.  These 
Grounds  were  dedicated  by  the  eloquent  and 
talented  Rev.  Dr.  Eddy,  since  which  time  they 
have  been  visited  bj'  about  all  the  most  noted 
speakers  of  the  country. 

The  first  President  of  Lakeside  Association 
was  Rev.  Joseph  Aj'ers,  who  served  one  3'ear  ; 
the  second  was  Dr.  F'.  S.  Hoyt,  who  served  two 
years ;  the  third  was  Rev.  E.  Y.  Warner,  who 
served  three  ^ears ;  the  fourth  was  Rev.  Leroy 
H.  Belt,  who  served  seven  3'ears ;  the  fifth  was 
Rev.  C.  Case,  who  served  one  year ;  and  the 
next.  Rev.  Manchester,  who  served  one  year. 
The  present  incumbent  (1887)  is  Rev.  John 
Mitchell.  Of  the  Lakeside  Land  Company,  E. 
C.  Griswold  is  now  the  President ;  S.  E.  Gill 
the  Secretary,  and  Barnej-  Jacobs  the  Treas- 
urer. 

Rev.  B.  T.  Vincent  is  Superintendent  of  the 
Sunday  School  Encampment.  Here,  under 
Dr.  Vincent,  as  at  Chautauqua  under  his  brother, 
Dr.  John  H.  Vincent,  are  all  the  modern  Sun- 
day School  methods  taught.  The  success  of  the 
Lakeside  enterprise,  in  the  religious,  scientific 
and  social  advantages  furnished  by  it,  as  well 
asjin  the  financial  aspect,  is  quite  exceptional ; 
with  every  prospect  of  further  growth  in  the 
same  direction  for  many  years  to  come. 


PART     IX. 


LITERARY 


/■ 


CHAPTER    I. 


PUBLIC    SCHOOLS. 


THE  first  public  movement  in  tliis  section  in 
belialf  of  Common  8chool  Education,  con- 
sisted of  a  moetini;  of  tiie  friends  of  that  cause, 
held  attbe  Presbj-terian  Church  in  Perrysburg, 
November  17,  1837,  which  was  called  to  order 
by  Mr.  Henry  Bennett,  when  S.  R.  Austin  was 
made  President,  and  P.  H.  Crowell,  of  Maumee 
City,  Secretary.  The  President  stated  tlie  ob- 
ject of  the  meeting  to  be  the  improvement  of 
Common  Schools  in  the  Maumee  Vallej',  by 
elevating  the  standard  of  their  character  ;  when 
Messrs.  Hickox,  Henry  Darling  and  S.  E.  Aus- 
tin were  appointed  a  committee  on  resolutions. 
The  afternoon  meeting  was  opened  with  prayer 
by  Rev.  Mr.  Jones  of  Maumee  City  The  com- 
mittee reported  a  constitution,  when  Messrs. 
Henry  Reed,  Hickox  and  Sadler  addressed  the 
meeting  on  the  deficiencies  and  means  of  im- 
proving the  system  of  Common  School  Educa- 
tion. Rev.  Mr.  Birdsell  addressed  the  meeting 
on  the  necessity  of  having  professional  Teach- 
ers, and  the  duties  of  Trustees,  Directors  and 
private  individuals.  Messrs.  John  C.  Spink, 
Elijah  Huntington  and  Henry  Darling  were 
appointed  a  committee  to  recommend  officers 
for  the  Society.  The  name  of  the  organization 
then  was  the  "Educational  Society  of  the 
Maumee  Valley  ;"  its  object,  "  To  improve  the 
condition  of  Common  Schools,  and  to  elevate 
the  standard  of  education  by  disseminating  in- 
formation on  the  subject,  and  adopting  such 
other  measures  as  may  be  deemed  advisable 
and  conducive  to  these  objects."  The  officers 
chosen  were :  President,  Dr.  H.  Conant,  of 
Maumee  City ;  Vice  President,  John  Evans, 
Defiance  ;  Hazael  Strong,  Napoleon  ;  Jessup 
W.  Scott,  Miami ;  Andrew  Coffinbury,  Perrys- 
burg, and  Pierre  M.  Irving,  Toledo.  Recording 
Secretary,  S.  R.  Austin  ;  Treasurer,  John  Webb, 
Perr3"sburg. 

At  that  time  there  were  in  Ohio  about  8,0(10 
School  Districts,  in  which  about  490,000  schol- 
ars wei'e  taught  for  over  two  months  of  the 
year,  although  the  greater  portion  were  in 
School  during  the  Winter  months  only,  the 
Summer  Schools  being  chiefly  in  the  Cities  and 
Towns,  and  attended  mainly  by  young  chil- 
dren. The  annual  expenses  of  the  School  sys- 
tem of  Ohio  then,  for  tuition,  books,  fuel,  etc., 
were  about  S500, 000.  The  State  Superintendent, 
Samuel  Lewis  (to  whom  the  people  of  Ohio  are 
deeply  indebted  for  the  advanced  educational 
system  they  now  po8.se8s),  estimated  tiiat  at 
least  5,000  regular  Teachers — to  serve  through 
the  year — were  required,  to  support  whom  the 


sum  of  S200,000  was  necessary,  or  $125,000 
more  than  was  then  provided.  "This,"  says 
Mr.  Lewis,  "might  be  supplied  by  various 
taxes — such  as  tavern  and  grocery  taxes.  These 
should  be  taxed  high,  and  then  if  men  will 
drink,  the  monej'  paid  by  the  drinking  man 
will  principally  go  to  educate  his  children." 
Ohio  then  had  :i, 000  School  Districts  without 
School  buildings. 

The  first  official  record  found  pertaining  to 
Public  Schools  in  Toledo,  was  made  October 
18,  183G,  when  the  Trustees  of  Port  Lawrence 
Township  laid  off  the  Township  in  16  School 
Districts.  James  M.  Whitney  was  then  Town- 
ship Clerk. 

By  act  of  the  Ohio  Legislature,  passed  in 
1837,  the  Public  Schools  within  the  City  of  To- 
ledo were  committed  to  the  care  and  manage- 
ment of  the  City  Goverment ;  and  accordingly, 
September  25,  1837,  the  Council  divided  the 
City  into  three  School  Districts,  as  follows  ; 

No.  1— That  part  of  the  City  Easterly  of  Locust 
Street. 

No.  2 — Between  Locust  and  Adams  Streets. 
No.  3 — The  territory  West  of  Adams  Street. 

As  nearly  as  can  now  be  ascertained,  the 
first  female  teacher,  if  not  the  first  teacher,  in 
Toledo,  was  Miss  Harriet  Wright,  a  niece  of 
Governor  Silas  Wright,  of  New  York.  She  was 
born  in  Vermont,  May  8,  1812,  and  came  to 
Toledo  in  1834.  In  1835,  she  taught  a  School 
in  the  frame  building  on  Erie  Street,  elsewhere 
shown  as  the  first  Court-house  of  Lucas  Count}'. 
January  25,  1835,  she  was  married  with  Mun- 
son  H.  Daniels,  then  of  Toledo,  and  soon  there- 
after the  first  Sheriff  of  Lucas  County.  Mrs. 
Daniels  died  in  Toledo,  July  20,  1842,  aged  30 
years.  She  was  a  member  of  the  Baptist 
Church,  which  denomination  then  had  no  or- 
ganization in  Toledo.  She  was  a  woman  of 
superior  qualities  and  highlj-  esteemed.  At 
the  approach  of  death  she  said,  "  1  am  prepared 
to  die.  I  have  no  desire  to  live,  but  for  ipy 
husband's  sake." 

Following  Mrs.  Daniels  were  various  teach- 
ers, male  and  female,  in  the  three  Districts, 
without  classification  as  to  studies,  books  or 
other  .system.  Very  imperfect  record  can  be 
found  of  these. 

From  the  files  of  the  Blade,  it  is  learned  that 
October  1,  1838,  Charles  W.  Hill,  City  Clerk, 
gave  notice  for  an  election  to  determine  "  upon 
the  leasing,  erecting  or  purchasing  of  a  suffi- 
cient number  of  School-houses,  and  the  leasing 


[611] 


612 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


or  puTctiasing  of  a  lot  or  lots  on  which  to  er^et 
such  houses  for  the  Schools  of  the  City ;  and 
also  how  mucli  money  should  be  raised  for 
such  purposes,  and  the  purchase  of  fuel  for 
School-houses."  The  result  of  this  vote  is  not 
ascertained. 

Tlie  extent  of  School  privileges  found  here  in 
1889,  may  bejudged  by  tiie  fact,  that  in  April 
of  tliat  year  Jolin  Berdan  and  E.  S.  Dodd 
jointly  advertised  for  "  a  gentleman  qualified 
to  take  charge  of  a  limited  number  of  scholars." 

In  1889,  the  City  Council  elected  John  Ber- 
dan, Samuel  B.  Scott  and  Oliver  Stevens  as 
School  Directors. 

The  pioneer  Charity  School  of  Toledo  was 
opened  in  "the  room  over  the  Tailor-shop  on 
Lagrange  Street"  (the  shop  of  Levi  Snell),  on 
the  17th  of  June,  1839,  under  the  superinten- 
dence of  "the  Benevolent  and  Charitable  So- 
ciety." It  was  designed  for  Girls  under  15, 
and  Boys  under  eight  years  of  age.  Children 
of"  indigent  jjarents  of  good  report,"  were  sup- 
plied with  books  and  articles  of  clothing  when 
necessarj'.  Moderate  compensation  from  par- 
ents able  to  make  such,  was  expected.  For 
particulars,  reference  was  made  to  the  resi- 
dence of  Samuel  Allen,  near  the  School-room. 
During  the  Fall  term  there  were  taught  12 
children  at  half  price;  eight  at  less  than  half; 
and  some  at  one-third  price;  beside  10  gratui- 
touslj',  and  also  furnished  with  books  and 
clothing  to  fit  them  to  attend.  It  seems  at  that 
date  there  was  no  Public  School  in  Toledo. 

December  20,  1840,  the  City  Council  passed 
"  an  ordinance  for  the  regulation  of  Common 
Schools  in  the  City  of  Toledo,"  by  which  pro- 
vision was  made  tor  three  Directors  for  each 
District  in  the  City  (the  Districts  being  the 
Wards),  in  whose  charge  would  be  the  Public 
Schools.  It  was  also  provided  "  that  in  all 
cases  during  the  period  when  thepublic  money 
should  be  applied  to  the  support  of  the  Schools, 
said  Schools  shall  be  free  for  all  the  tvhite  chil- 
dren of  the  District,  under  such  regulations  as 
may  be  adopted  to  secure  to  each  one  equal 
participation  therein."  In  this  connection,  it 
should  be  borne  in  mind,  that  at  that  time, 
none  but  "  white  children  "  liad  in  Ohio 
or  elsewhere  in  this  country,  anj-  "  rights 
which  white  men  were  bound  to  respect" — it 
then  being  unlawful  in  this  State  even  to  em- 
ploy a  colored  person  for  common  labor.  At 
the  time  named,  the  City  Council  elected  the 
following  School  Directors,  to  wit :  1st  Ward — 
John  Berdan,  Jacob  Clark  and  Samuel  Allen; 
2d  Ward— Peter  H.  Shaw,  L.  S.  Lownsbuiy 
and  Edward  Bissell.  3d  Ward— Coleman  I. 
Keeler,  Jr.,  Wm.  Hoskins  and  Joseph  Turner. 

June  25,  1842,  was  reported  to  the  Council,  a 
vote  of  two  mills  on  the  dollar  by  District  No. 
2,  for  rent  of  School-building,  which  was  ap- 
proved. Also,  was  presented  a  report  that 
District  No.  3  had  voted  one  mill  on  the  dollar 
for  like  purpose  ;  which  was  approved. 


This  action  by  the  Council  was  not  specially 
hopeful  of  the  advance  of  popular  instruction 
in  the  infant  City.  It  will  be  borne  in  mind, 
that  at  that  time,  expenses  for  tuition  were  met 
by  charges,  which  each  pupil  was  required  to 
meet,  and  to  which  alone  the  teacher  must 
look  for  hispav,  the  District — as  already  seen — 
furnishing  only  the  house  and  fuel.  How  fiir 
one  mill  on  the  dollar  of  the  small  taxable 
valuation  of  that  time  went  toward  the  support 
of  educational  privileges  for  a  District,  may  be 
imagined.  The  Schools  were  then  in  operation 
but  a  few  months  of  the  year — chiefly  in  win- 
ter— and  the  imperfect  advantages  furnished 
were  practicallj'  denied  to  many  children  un- 
able, from  distance  from  the  Schools,  to  attend 
with  regularity. 

At  a  public  examination  of  pupils  in  District 
No.  1  (Lower  Town),  March  27,  1847,  prizes 
were  awarded  for  excellence  as  follows  :  To 
Zebulon  C.  Pheatt  (now  of  the  firm  of  Emerson 
&  Co.),  for  improvement  in  penmanship;  to 
Miss  J.  M.  Peck,  for  proficiency  in  Natural 
Philosophy  ;  and  to  Miss  Mary  E.  Lownabury, 
for  ability  in  book-keeping. 

In  December,  1847,  there  were  in  Toledo 
four  Schools,  averaging  about  100  pupils  each. 
The  pioneer  School-bell  then  made  its  advent. 

So  far  as  can  now  be  ascertained,  the  first 
stej)  toward  the  permanent  improvement  of  the 
means  of  education  in  Toledo,  consisted  of  an 
ordinance  passed  by  the  City  Council,  May  14, 
1842,  "for  the  erection  of  School  houses  in  the 
City  of  Toledo."  David  Crane  was  then  the 
President  of  that  body,  and  Edson  Allen  the 
Clerk.  The  ordinance  provided  for  a  vote  by 
the  electors  of  the  several  School  Districts,  to 
determine  whether  or  not  grounds  be  purchased 
and  School  buildings  erected  ;  and  also  as  to 
renting  buildings  for  School  purposes,  the 
amounts  to  be  paid  for  such  purposes,  and  also 
for  fuel.  Rejjorts  of  such  votes  were  to  be 
made  to  the  Council,  and  when  approved  by 
that  body,  the  requisite  tax  would  be  levied 
upon  the  property  taxable  in  the  District,  "  not 
including  the  property  of  black  or  mulatto 
pei'sons  "  (for  the  reason  that  colored  children 
then  had  no  right  to  public  instruction  of  any 
sort).  June  7,  1842,  rejiort  was  made  to  the 
Council,  that  the  electors  of  District  No.  1  had 
voted  for  a  tax  of  15  mills  on  the  dollar,  for  the 
purchase  of  a  lot  and  erection  of  a  School- 
house  thereon ;  and  also,  that  two  mills  had 
been  voted  bj'  that  District  for  expenses  of 
School-house  rent,  fuel,  etc.,  for  the  year.  The 
vote  for  a  School-house  was  disapproved  by  the 
Council,  as  involving  too  large  an  outlay:  and 
that  for  renting  accommodations  was  approved. 
At  the  same  session,  the  Council  disapproved  a 
vote  bj'  District  No.  2,  for  a  levy  of  23  mills 
for  building  a  School-house. 

Miss  M.  Howlett  opened  a  Select  School  in  a 
building  on  the  corner  of  Superior  and  La- 
grange Streets,  in  July,  1841,  teaching  English 


PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 


613 


branches.  Eates — Alphabet,  $1.00  per  term; 
Spelling  and  Reading,  Sl.-il) ;  Aritlnnetic,  Geog- 
raphy and  Grammar,  82.00;  llighor  Branches, 
83.110  to  S4. 00. 

In  December,  1841,  Thomas  Dunlap,  Jr., 
taught  such  a  School  at  the  corner  oi'Su])erior 
and  Lagrange  Streets,  in  a  building  which  now 

ilS87)  constitutes  a  portion  of  the  residence  of 
)r.  S.  S.  Thorn.     The  teacher  of  this  School  is 
yet  a  resident  of  Toledo. 

In  October,  1843,  Charles  Dodge  opened  in 
what  was  known  as  the  Courtroom  building, 
Northeastcorner  of  Summit  and  Cherry  Streets, 
a  Select  School,  including,  with  the  English 
branches,  Spanish,  French,  German,  Latin  and 
Greek  languages.  Terms  for  English  depart- 
ment, §3.00  per  term ;  for  other  languages, 
85.00.     Mr.  Dodge  is  still  a  resident  of  Toledo. 

In  the  winter  of  1844-45,  Miss  Jenks  taught 
a  School  for  young  ladies  and  misses  in  a 
building  at  the  corner  of  Summit  and  Cherry 
Streets. 

Levi  S.  Lownsburj'  opened  the  Toledo  Acad- 
emy (day  and  evening)  in  January,  1846,  in 
Mott's  Block,  corner  Summit  and  Monroe 
Streets. 

The  condition  of  things  thus  stated  contin- 
ued, with  such  degree  of  improvement  as  a 
total  lack  of  system  and  requisite  means  per- 
mitted, until  thelall  of  1848,  when  the  late  Fran- 
cis HoUenbeck,  then  a  resident  of  Perrysburg, 
furnished  the  Toledo  Blade  articles  setting  foi-tb 
the  need  and  the  practicabilitj'  of  improve- 
ment in  the  School  facilities  of  the  City.  The 
etfect  of  such  discussion  was,  to  call  attention  to 
the  entire  want  of  system  and  efficiency  in  the 
existing  plan,  when  a  petition  was  presented  to 
the  Legislature  for  the  extension  to  Toledo  of 
the  "  Akron  law,"  originally  passed  in  184G, 
and  already  successtul  in  that  Town.  This 
petition  was  circulated  by  the  late  Simeon 
Fitch,  Jr.  Though  not  meeting  the  unanimous 
sentiment  of  the  people  of  Toledo,  there  was 
no  active  opposition,  and  the  law  asked  for 
was  passed.  In  May,  1849,  on  a  popular  vote, 
this  law  was  accepted  by  the  City,  and 
steps  at  once  taken  for  putting  the  system 
into  operation.  Among  the  friends  of  the 
movement  active  in  its  support,  are  named 
Austin  Willey,  Roswell  Stowe,  Daniel  Swift, 
Alfred  Stowe,  Levi  S.  Lownsbury,  Jas.  M.  Whit- 
ne}',  Dennison  Steele,  Thos.  Dunlap,  Edward 
Bissell,  Sr.,  Daniel  Segur,  and  C.  I.  Scott. 

The  first  Board  of  Education  consisted  of 
Ira  L.  Clark  (President),  Decius  Wadsworth, 
Simeon  Fitch,  Jr.,  John  P.  Freeman,  Samuel  B. 
Scott,  and  Morgan  L.  Collins.  There  were  then 
in  the  City  three  small  buildings  used  for 
School  pur2>oses,  all  amounting  in  value  to 
about  81,500;  but  the  Board  was  without  fur- 
niture fit  for  use,  as  they  were  without  funds 
for  the  purchase  of  such.  They  leased  rooms 
for  a  Central  Grammar  School,  and  for  Pri- 
mary Schools  in  the  four  Wards  of  the  City,  iu 


which  latter  were  489  pupils  enrolled.  For  the 
supply  of  indis])ensable  furniture,  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Board  generously  made  advances 
from  private  means,  and  set  the  new  sj'stem  in 
operation  so  far  as  the  conditicins  permitted. 
The  first  check  to  their  movement  was  the  re- 
fusal of  the  City  Council  ti)  approve  a  levy  of 
three  mills  on  the  dollar  for  School  jjurpo.ses. 

There  was  nothing  verj-  sui'prisiiig  in  these 
facts.  The  radical  change  of  policy  then  being 
instituted — from  that  of  jiopular  indifference 
to  and  practical  neglect  of  the  great  inter- 
est of  education,  to  recognition  of  respon- 
sibility by  the  communitj-  for  the  free  educa- 
tion of  all  children — was  well  calculated  to 
challenge  discussion  and  provoke  antagonism. 
It  is  doubtful  if  greater  advance  in  an}' 
public  matter  ever  was  known,  than  was  in- 
volved in  the  new  School  system  then  strug- 
gling for  acceptance  by  those  upon  whom  its 
burthens,  new  and  not  slight,  were  to  fall. 
Toledo  was  by  no  means  an  exception  in  any 
hesitation  at  first  shown  in  that  connection. 
On  the  contrary,  it  was  even  then  in  advance 
of  the  average  sentiment  of  Western  Cities. 
In  due  time,  through  the  patient  and  persist- 
ent efforts  of  earnest  friends  of  the  nev^  sys- 
tem, opposition  was  so  far  overcome,  that  it 
was  accepted  and  established  on  a  basis  of 
popular  support,  which  38  years  of  experience, 
with  all  its  labors  and  expense,  has  not  been 
able  to  shake;  and  to-day,  it  may  be  trulj-said, 
that  in  no  other  City  in  Ohio  is  the  policy  of 
Free  Education  more  firmly  grounded  in  the 
popular  feeling,  than  in  Toledo;  while  iu  no 
other  have  the  serious  burthens  incident  thereto 
been  more  cheerfully  met,  than  here.  What 
these  have  been  in  taxation,  is  indicated  by 
the  statement  of  School  property  elsewhere 
given.  The  more  fully  to  invest  the  Board 
with  independent  action  in  the  matter  of 
means  for  the  prosecution  of  its  plans,  the  law- 
made  that  bod}-  independent  of  the  City  Coun- 
cil in  the  matter  of  tax  levies  for  School  pur- 
poses. To  this  feature  has  the  system  been  in 
great  measure  indebted  for  its  remarkable 
efficiency  and  success. 

With  other  needs  provided  for,  everything 
at  the  outset  of  the  new  system  depended  upon 
the  efficiency  of  its  executive  head.  As  in  all 
other  organizations,  without  a  competent  Su])er- 
intendent,  no  extent  of  provision  could  give 
success.  This  is  specially  true  as  to  the  be- 
ginning of  untried  ventures.  Fortunately,  the 
Toledo  Schools  did  not  have  to  wait  for  such 
important  support.  The  Board  secured  the 
services  of  Eev.  Anson  Smyth. 

At  the  opening  of  the  new  School  system  in 
1849,  the  Jligh  and  Grammar  Schools  occu- 
pied a  frame  building,  204  Summit  Street,  near 
Adams,  on  the  lot  now  occu])ied  by  Meilink's 
furniture  establishment,  whei-e  they  remained 
until  the  increase  in  pupils  made  demantl  for 
larger   accommodations.      The   Grammar   De- 


614 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


partmeut  was  theu  removed  to  a  frame  build- 
ing constructed  for  the  jjurpose  on  Superior 
Street,  between  Adams  and  Oak,  which  subse- 
qucntlj-  was  used  by  an  Unciassitied  School, 
then  by  the  Central  Mission  Sabbatli  School, 
and  now  constitutes  the  rear  portion  of  two 
dwellings.  Tn  1853,  both  these  departments 
were  removed  to  the  new  High  School  build- 
ing, then  first  occupied. 

The  first  important  step  toward  the  i^rovision 
of  suitable  School-houses  for  the  City,  was 
taken  in  the  construction  of  the  Lagrange 
Street  building,  which  was  com]ileted  and  occu- 
jMed  in  April,  1852.  deferring  to  that  struc- 
ture, the  Blade  said  ;  "  It  is  an  edifice  of  which 
every  citizen  of  Toledo  has  great  reason  to  be 
proud— a  splendid  result  of  the  common  effort, 
by  which,  during  the  past  two  years,  the 
Schools  of"  our  City  have  been  raised  from  a 
condition  of  absolute  worthlessness,  to  one  em- 
bracing all  the  improvements  and  pei-fections  of 
modern  energy  and  investigation."  Of  the 
condition  of  tiie  Schools  themselves,  that  paper 
said  :  "  We  doubt  if  any  Schools  in  the  country 
were  in  worse  condition  than  ours,  when  Rev. 
Anson  Smyth  took  charge  of  them  ;  and  we 
confidently  challenge  any  Superintendent  in 
Oliio  to  make  an  exhibition  of  Schools  now  in 
better  condition." 

The  next  and  still  more  important  step  in 
the  progress  of  the  new  School  system,  was  the 
provision  of  a  Central  building,  which,  while 
furnishing  much-needed  accommodations  for 
the  higher  grades  of  Schools,  should  also  con- 
stitute a  sign  of  the  completeness  and  perma- 
nence of  the  new  order  of  things.  That  was 
an  end  much  more  easily  conceived  than 
reached.  A  glance  over  the  condition  of  affairs 
from  the  earliest  history  of  the  City  to  that 
period,  will  show  something  of  what  the  friends 
of  the  movement  had  to  overcome,  preliminary 
to  the  advance  which  the}-  sought  to  be  made. 
A  plan  for  a  High-School  building,  prepared  in 
1853,  contemplated  the  two  wings  which  since 
have  been  supplied,  the  main  building  only 
being  then  undertaken.  This  was  Sfix  102  feet ; 
3  stories  high;  of  stone  and  brick;  with  26 
rooms— those  of  the  first  and  second  stories,  151 
feet  high  ;  and  of  third  story,  21  feet.  On  the 
third  floor  was  a  lecture-room,  86x53i  feet, 
with  capacity  for  1,800  persons.  A  tower  was 
provided  with  a  large  clock,  having  three 
seven-feet  dials.  Above  this  was  placed  a  bell 
weighing  4,305  pounds,  with  the  inscription  on 
one  side,  "  Toledo  High  School,  May  1st,  1854," 
and  on  the  other,  "  To  Learning's  Fount,  the 
Youth  I  Call."  The  ceremony  of  laying  the 
corner-stone  of  this  building  took  place  August 
11,  1853,  with  the  co-operation  of  the  Board  of 
Education,  the  City  Fire  Department  and  the 
Odd  Fellows  of  Toledo.  John  Fitch  was  Pres- 
ident of  the  Day  ;  Denison  B.  Smith,  Rev. 
H.  B.  Walbridge  and  Rev.  J.  T.  Caples,  Vice 
Presidents.      Committee    of   Arrangements — 


Matthew  Johnson,  B.  B.  Brown  andC.  W.  Hill. 
Marshal  of  the  Day,  Gen.  Jos.  W.  Brown,  with 
Gen.  C.  B.  Phillips,  Major  J.  R.Bond,  John  W. 
Walterhouse  and  Di-.  V.  Braun,  as  Aids.  A 
procession  was  formed,  which  marched  to  the 
site  of  tiie  proposed  building,  where  prayer 
was  offered  by  Rev.  Mr.  Walbridge;  an  address 
and  the  laying  of  the  cornerstone  by  the 
Grand  Master  of  Odd  Fellows;  an  address  by 
Lorin  Andrews,  Agent  of  the  State  Teachers' 
Association ;  and  benediction  by  Rev.  Mr. 
Caples. 

In  a  historical  statement  of  the  Toledo  Public 
Schools,  prepared  by  Superintendent  D.  F. 
DeWolf^,  in  January,  1876,  it  is  stated  as  to  the 
School  buildings: 

The  rule  for  ten  years  has  been  not  to  erect  a 
building  on  less  than  40,000  square  feet  of  land,  and 
in  most  cases  there  is  more  than  this  for  permanent 
buildings.  Tlie  standard  size  of  single  rooms,  accom- 
modating .50  pupils  or  less,  has  been  for  ten  years, 
34x2S  feet,  and  not  less  than  14  feet  from  floor  to 
ceiling,  with  ample  halls  14  feet  wide,  and  a  large  play 
basement  for  each  sex — these  last  with  white-washed 
walls,  generally  lumber  floors,  and  well  warmed  and 
ventilated  ;  also  quarters  for  janitor,  and  moist  care- 
fully constructed  out-buildings.  The  windows  of  the 
late  huildings  are  arranged  to  secure  sun  in  each 
room  a  part  of  the  School  hours,  and  to  throw  the 
light  on  one  side  of  the  pupils  only,  and  never  in 
the  face  of  the  teacher.  The  methods  of  heating 
have  advanced  from  ordinary  Wood-Stoves,  by  way 
of  Chilson's  ventilating  Stove,  and  Chilson's  and 
Boynton's  hot-air  furnaces,  to  steam  heating.  It  ^\'as 
found  that  the  first  furnished  no  ventilation,  except 
by  drafts  of  cold,  and  hence  heavier  air  along  the 
feet  of  tlie  pupils  ;  the  second,  no  heat;  the  third,  no 
means  of  control  during  pressing  winds,  nor  of  sup- 
plementing the  meagre  supply  of  heat  in  windward 
rooms.  Steam  coils  are  now  run  through  air  cham- 
bers in  the  basement,  which  receive  a  supply  of  fresh 
air  from  outside  the  building,  b}-  means  of  large 
tubes.  This  air,  being  heated,  is  brought  into  the 
rooms  for  ventilating  purposes,  and  is  partly  relied 
on  for  warmth,  while  coils  are  also  run  around  the 
sides  of  the  room,  or  stacked  in  different  places,  to 
supply  by  radiation  the  heat  of  this  warm  air. 
Flues  with  ample  openings  at  the  floor,  are  relied  on 
to  take  off  the  vitiated  air,  and  the  elasticity  of  the 
incoming  heated  air,  as  it  rises  to  the  ceiling,  is  de- 
pended on  to  press  the  cold  and  vitiated  air  out  of 
the  floor  openings.  There  are  still  placed  in 
flues  near  the  ceiling,  small  registers  ;  but  these  are 
now  intended  to  be  .so  small  as  never  entirely  to  re- 
lieve the  pressure  of  the  hot  air  on  the  mass,  and  thus 
stop  the  circulation  through  the  floor  registers.  The}' 
are  alwavs  kept  closed  while  warm  air  is  cominginto 
the  room,  as  otherwise  the  heated  air  establislies  a 
direct  current  to  them,  leaving  the  mass  of  the  air  in 
the  room  stagnant.  The  window  sash  liave  panes 
tightly  puttied  in  on  both  sides,  leaving  a  half-inch 
space  of  dry  air  between  the  panes.  The  descending 
current  occasioned  by  the  contraction  of  the  air  of  the 
room  as  it  impinges  on  the  large  surface  of  cold 
"glass,  is  avoided,  ami  a  prolific  source  of  rheumatism, 
croup  and  diphtheria  is  removed.  So  long,  however, 
as  any  occasions  remain  for  letting  in  direct  drafts  from 
windows  to  remove  the  tainted  air,  which  is  also 
itself  the  occasion  of  diphtheria,  debility  and  nervous 
diseases,  the  end  has  not  been  reached.  Whether 
this  can  be  effected  without  a  blower,  such  as  is  now 
used  in  the  Washington  School  of  Chicago,  or  some 
other    mechanical    means,   is   still   uncertain.     The 


PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 


615 


subject  of  proper  heating  and  ventilation  still  needs 
study.     Its  importance  cannot  be  over-estimated. 

This  quotation  is  made  here,  as  a  way-mark, 
to  indicate  the  progress  then  made  in  Toledo 
toward  the  more  perfect  and  complete  plans  of 
School  buildinii-s  which  future  study  and  genius 
shall  provide. 

The  first  public  exhibition  of  the  Toledo 
High  School  took  place  at  Union  Hall,  March 
12,  1S52.  It  consisted  of  reading  of  composi- 
tions and  declamation  ;  and  was  also  the  first 
event  of  the  kind  in  the  City.  The  programme 
M-as  substantially  as  follows  : 

First,  was  Master  diaries  O.  Brigham,  with  a 
Latin  salutatory.  Next,  was  Master  Thomas  B.  Mott, 
with  an  English  salutatory.  Following,  came  Miss 
Frances  L.  Collins,  with  a  composition,  "The  Ap- 
parent and  the  Real ;"  Miss  E.  E.  Belknap,  "  Proper 
Sphere  of  Woman  ;"  .\Iiss  .Julia  Bissell  (now  Jlrs.  Asa 
Backus),  "Genius;"  Miss  Isabella  Harmon,  "Jubal ;" 
Miss  L.  R.  Fitch  (now  Mrs.  E.  B.  Hyde),  "  Europe  ;" 
Miss  Anna  E.  Swift  (now  Mrs.  Norman  Waite), ''  Our 
School  and  School  Room." 

Then  came  Master  J.  M.  Blodgett's  oration  on  the 
Bible;  followed  by  a  dialogue  ("  Public  Opinion  "), 
written  by  Heiu-y  T.  Bissell,  the  parts  being  sus- 
tained by  the  author  and  Master  Ricliard  W,  Howard ; 
oration.  "  Man  makes  his  own  Character,"  by  N.  A. 
Cone;  dialogue,  "  Byron  and  Franklin,"  written  by 
Master  Warren  S.  Waite  ;  oration  on  Colonel  Leh- 
manowsky,  a  noted  Polish  patriot,  at  that  time  travel- 
ing and  lecturing  in  this  country.  Following,  was 
an  oration  by  "  the  youngest  scholar  in  the  School  " 
(Master  William  H.  H.  Smith);  a  dialogue  on  "  Wo- 
men's Rights  "—a  question  then  recently  prominent 
in  the  country — Master  Abram  W.  Colton  having  the 
part  of  the  "  Bloomer."  and  Master  Cone,  that  of  the 
"  Bloomer's"  husband  ;  while  Master  Brigham  liad 
that  of  "the  impudent  imp  of  the  printing  office," 
sometimes  known  by  another  title.  The  exercises 
were  concluded  with  an  oration  on  Greece,  and  Val- 
edictory, by  Henry  T.  Bissell. 

The  effect  of  this  exhibition  seems  to  have 
been  marked  and  beneficiah  The  audience — 
the  largest  ever  seen  in  the  hall —were  most 
favorably  impressed  with  the  first  showing  of 
the  new  school  arrangement,  to  the  unexpected 
success  of  which  is  no  doubt  largely  attributa- 
ble the  firm  foundation  in  popular  feeling 
which  ever  since  has  given  unfailing  support 
to  Toledo's  educational  system.  The  pioneer 
superintendent  (Rev.  Anson  Smyth),  and  much 
less  the  young  lads  and  misses  taking  jjart  in 
the  exercised,  could  not  then  appreciate  the 
far-reaching  strength  thej^  were  giving  to  that 
great  interest.  Of  those  taking  part  on  that 
occasion  (now  36  years  ago),  there  are  known 
to  be  still  living  Messrs.  Smith,  Brigham  and 
Colton,  and  Mrs.  Waite,  at  Toledo  ;  and  Mrs. 
Hyde  and  Mrs.  Backus  elsewhere. 

The  first  class  graduated  from  the  High 
School,  was  that  of  1857,  Wm.  H.  H.  Smith, 
Olive  Parmelee  and  Amos  W.  Crane. 

Exercises  of  the  graduating  class  of  the  High 
School  took  place  June  24,  1859,  were  as  fol- 
lows: 


Prayer  by  Rev.  W,  W.  Williams.  Address  bv  H. 
L.  Hosmer.  Music.  Compo.sitions  by  Miss  Adii  F. 
Oroutt,  Miss  Laura  A.  Parmelee,  and  Miss  Apphya 
Avery.  Latin  Colloquy  by  Emerson  E.  Hasty,  A.F. 
Circuit,  .^ijphya  .\ very,' Sarah  Collins  and  L.A.  Par- 
melee. I'liem,  by  V,.  K.  Hasty.  Conferring  dijilonias, 
by  President  Hill.     Cla.ss  Song,  by  E.  E.  Hasty. 

The  Winter  term  of  the  Toledo  Public 
•Schools  closed  with  an  exhibition,  March  8, 
1861,  when  the  following  was  the  programme  : 

1.  Opening  Song.  2.  .Salutatury— James  Young. 
3.  Declamation— Burton  Taylor.  4.  Dialogue- Ellen 
Murphy,  Gertie  Fowie,  Lena  Kraus,  Nettie  King, 
James  Young,  Alex.  Young,  o.  Declamation— Albert 
Stevens.  (1.  Paper — read  by  Esther  Mooers  and  Mary 
Chamberlain.  7.  Declauiation— t^dward  T.  Waite. 
8.  Class  of  girls  from  Gymnasium.  ',).  Declamation — 
Frank  Scott.  10.  Song— Adele  Reed,  Minnie  Hamp- 
ton, C.  S.  Grossman.  11.  Declamation— Camillus 
Fahnestock.  12.  Dialogue— Fairfield,  Fisk  and  I'fan- 
ner.  13.  Declamation — Otto  Kraus.  14.  Song — .Miss 
Hampton  and  Mr.  Grossman.  b5.  DeclanuUion — 
Roswell  J.  Cheney.  16.  Class  of  Boys  from  Gym- 
nasium. 17. Declamation— George  Colby.  18.  Dec- 
lamation— Ethelbert  S.  Griffith.     19.  Soiig — School. 

Matthew  Brown,  J.  Austin  Scott,  Mrs.  S.  A. 
Raymond,  .Mrs.  J.  Austin  Scott,  and  Mi.ss  L. 
Sizer,  Committee  appointed  to  examiiu;  jjaintings 
and  drawings  of  scholars  under  instruction  of  Miss 
Sarah  Marshall  (now  Mrs,  John  H.  Peck),  reported, 
highly  commending  oil  paintings  by  Mis.ses  Steb- 
bins  and  Church ;  Crayon  and  Monochromatic 
drawings  by  Misses  Holloway,  May,  Whitney  and 
Gertrude  Smith  ;  and  pencil  drawings  by  Misses  So- 
phie Hill,  Kate  Shoemaker,  Carrie  R.  Waggoner,  So- 
phie Watson,  Lottie  Haskell,  Belle  Brownlee,  Alice 
Hall,  Lottie  Steele,  Fanny  Rowland  and  Evelyn 
Shepard,  and  Emery  D.  Potter,  Jr. 

Public  exercises  in  connection  with  the  close 
of  the  school  year,  June  28,  1861,  consisted  of 
prayer  by  Rev.  W.  W.  Williams ;  address  bj' 
Rev.  Anson  Smyth  ;  oration  b}'  John  J.  Hun- 
ker ;  composition  bj'  Helen  M.  Jones;  oration 
hj  Cyrus  W.  Breed  ;  composition  by  Myra  L. 
Dorr;  oration  by  Henry  A.  Forsyth;  compo- 
sition by  Rachel  Tyler  ;  music,  conducted  bj' 
C.  S.  Grossman  ;  conferring  of  diplomas  by 
Judge  E.  D.  Potter. 

The  School  year  (1861-63)  closed  with  the 
usual  graduating  exorcises,  June  26,  1862.  In 
reporting  the  same,  the  Blade  said  :  "  It  is  a 
fact  worth}"  of  note,  that  all  the  j'oung  men  of 
the  Graduating  Class  of  1862,  have  been,  or 
are  now,  engaged  in  the  service  of  their  coun- 
try ;  and  all  but  one  are  now  '  in  the  field,' 
the  exception  having  been  a  member  of  the 
14th  Regiment  in  its  three-months  service." 
The  programme  of  the  evening  was  as  follows: 

Prayer,  by  Rev.  H.  B.  Walbridge.  Colloquy — 
The  Peril  and  the  Triumph- Mary  E.  Eldridge, 
Lottie  A.  Steele,  Mary  E.  Ha.skell,  Carrie  Cheney, 
Emily  Springer,  Sophie  Watson,  Belle  Hamniell, 
Lucy  D.  Collins,  .lulia  A.  Steele.  The  Class  Song 
was  by  Miss  Emily  Springer,  set  to  music  by  Prof. 
Grossman. 

The  male  members  of  the  Class  then  in  the 
Army,    were  W.  Hunt  Walbridge,   Emery  D. 


616 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COVNTY. 


Potter,   Jr.,  and    Ealph    Osborn.     The    male 
graduate  was  Andrew  J.  Wales. 

A  prominent  and  fitting  feature  of  the  Hall 
on  the  occasion  of  the  graduating  exercises  of 
the  Toledo  High  Schoor,  July  1,  1864,  consisted 
of  a  decoration  in  tlie  form  of  a  Shield,  com- 
posed of  74  Stars — the  numher  of  hoys  who  had 
within  the  preceding  six  months  been  in  the 
School,  and  also  in  the  Union  Army.  Inter- 
woven near  the  top  of  the  Shield,  were  the 
words,  "  Honor  to  Our  Braves  ;"  below  this, 
and  in  the  center,  were  the  words,  "  In  Memo- 
riani  ;"  and  surrounding  these,  wrought  in  tlie 
border  of  the  Shield,  the  initials  of  seven  gradu- 
ates, who  bad  fallen  martyrs  to  the  cause  of 
Freedom,  to  wit :  Theodore  Sawyer,  at  Dalton, 
Ga.  ;  G.  Duncan  Forsyth,  at  Richmond,  Va.  ; 
George  M.  Ballard,  at  Petersbui-gh,  Va. ; 
Hamilton  C.  Colton,  at  Cumberland,  Md.  ; 
Amos  H.  Miner,  at  2d  Bull  Run  battle  ;  Mason 
Cressey,  at  Chickamauga;  and  James  T. 
Bailey,  at  Fort  Wagner,  S.  C.  Over  the  stage 
in  front,  was  the  American  flag, festooned  with 
a  wreath  of  flowers  and  leaves  ;  in  rear,  against 
the  wall,  the  motto  of  the  class,  '-Plus  Ultra," 
and  above  these  the  words,  "  God  Save  the 
Union." 

SUPERINTENDENTS  OF  TOLEDO  SCHOOLS. 

The  flrst  Superintendent  of  the  Public 
Schools  of  Toledo,  was  Rev.  Anson  Smyth, 
who  had  been  for  several  years  the  Pastor  of 
First  Congregational  Church  of  that  City.  He 
continued  in  charge  of  the  Schools  until  F'eb- 
ruary,  18.56.  Upon  him  devolved  the  sjiecial 
responsibility  of  organizing  and  inaugurating 
a  sj'stem  of  education  entirely  new  to  the 
people.  Old  notions  and  practices  had  to  be 
removed,  and  the  better  so  introduced  as  to  be 
made  acceptable.  The  embarrassments  of  such 
a  work  can  be  appreciated  onl}'  by  those  who 
have  passed  through  it.  Mr.  Smyth  was  ex- 
ceptionally successlul  in  his  service.  In  the 
language  of  the  Board  of  Education,  he  "  per- 
formed the  duties  of  Superintendent  with  great 
ability  and  untiring  industry."  Subsequentlj', 
Mr.  Smj'th  served  with  equal  credit  for  two 
terms  as  State  Commissioner  of  Common 
Schools.  He  afterwards  was  Superintendent 
of  the  Public  Schools  of  Cleveland,  where  he 
died  in  1886,  leaving  a  wife  and  one  daughter 
(Mrs.  Samuel  Eddy). 

February  4,  1856,  Mr.  John  Eaton,  Jr.,  suc- 
ceeded to  the  office  of  Superintendent.  He 
came  from  New  Hampshire  and  from  Dart- 
mouth College,  and  acted  as  Sui^erintendent 
until  March  7,  1859.  Of  his  service,  the  Board 
said  :  "  The  untiring  industry,  zeal  and  fidelity 
which  have  characterized  Mr.  Eaton's  service 
as  Superintendent,  are  well  known,  and  appre- 
ciated by  the  friends  of  education  acquainted 
with  his  course,  and  merit  our  special  com- 
mendation." The  high  qualities  shown  in  Toledo 
have  given  Mr.  Eaton  success  in  far  more  promi- 


nent fields  of  labor  since  leaving  Toledo.  Com- 
pleting a  clerical  course  of  studj',he  was  ordained 
for  the  ministry  in  1861,  and  soon  after  the 
commencement  of  the  Rebellion  he  acce])ted  an 
ajii)ointment  as  Chaplain  of  the  27th  Ohio  In- 
fantry, which  position  he  held  until  detailed  by 
Gen.  Grant  as  "  Superintendent  of  Contra- 
bands," in  April,  1861^,  holding  such  position 
until  the  organization  of  the  Bureau  of  Freed- 
men  about  the  close  of  the  War.  In  1869,  he 
was  appointed  by  President  Grant  as  United 
States  Commissioner  of  Education,  which  office 
he  held,  with  special  honor,  for  over  16  years, 
and  until  he  resigned,  in  1885,  to  accept  the 
Presidency  of  Marietta  College,  Ohio. 

The  successor  of  Mr.  Eaton  as  Superintend- 
ent of  Toledo  Schools,  was  Mr.  Moses  T.  Brown, 
who  remained  in  faithful  and  successful  admin- 
istration of  the  office  until  he  resigned,  in  April, 
1864.  Most  of  the  time  since  leaving  Toledo, 
Mr.  Brown  has  devoted  his  attention  mainly  to 
giving  instruction  in  elocution,  and  largely  in 
connection  with  Tuft's  College,  Boston. 

Col.  Daniel  F.  De  Wolf  became  Superintend- 
ent of  the  Toledo  Schools  in  1864.  He  was 
formerly  in  charge  of  the  Public  Schools  of 
Norwalk  and  Tiffin.  During  the  War  he  was 
in  the  Union  Armj-,  serving  as  Major  of  the 
55th  Ohio  Infantry.  He  served  as  Superin- 
tendent from  1864  until  1876.  To  his  energy, 
watchfulness  and  judgment,  the  Schools  were 
much  indebted  for  the  good  degree  of  efficiency 
and  success  which  attended  them  lor  the  12 
years  of  his  service.  He  was  subsequently 
twice  elected  State  School  Commissioner,  in 
which  position  he  displayed  the  same  qualities 
with  success,  as  in  Toledo.  He  is  now  (1887) 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  in  Georgia, 
where  he  removed  in  consideration  of  the  ill 
health  of  his  son  Clarence,  who  died  in  Decem- 
ber, 1887. 

The  successor  of  Col.  DeWolf  was  Mr.  Almon 
A.  McDonald,  who  served  acceptably  for  six 
years  and  until  July,  1880  Subsequently. he 
was  Superintendentof  Toledo  House  Correction. 

Mr.  McDonald  was  succeeded  by  Mr.  J.  W. 
Dowd,  who  was  in  service  for  six  years.  Dur- 
ing that  time  he  commanded  the  confidence 
and  respect  of  pupils  and  parents,  as  of  the 
Board  of  Education. 

Upon  the  resignation  of  Mr.  Dowd,  in  1886, 
Mr.  Harvey  W.  Compton  was  appointed  Suj)er- 
intendent,  and  continues  to  act  as  such  to 
general  acceptance. 

As  shown,  there  have  been  during  the  38 
years  of  the  existence  of  the  Public  Schools, 
seven  Superintendents,  averaging  over  five 
years'  service  each.  It  is  a  fiict  noticeable  and 
creditable  to  Toledo,  as  well  as  to  the  individuals 
concerned,  that  of  these  officers,  two  served  for 
two  terms  each  as  State  School  Commissioner 
of  Ohio,  while  another  was  for  16  years  United 
States  Commissioner  of  Education,  each  serving 
with  credit  and  success. 


PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 


617 


TEACHERS  IN  TOLEDO  SCHOOLS. 

Following  is  a  full  list  of  Teachers  in  the 
Toledo  Public  Schools,  from  their  organization, 
in  June,  1849,  until  February,  1859,  covering 
the  first  ten  years  of  School  history.  Their 
names  are  thus  given  here,  that  more  full 
record  be  made  of  the  im))ortrtnt  part  they 
bore  in  securing  success  and  permanence  to 
tiie  system  which  has  grown  to  such  large  pro- 
portions and  become  so  prominent  an  agency 
in  the  best  progress  of  the  Citj".  As  upon  the 
tidelity,  courage  and  efficiency  of  tl>e  subordi- 
nates and  privates  of  an  Army,  even  more  than 
upon  those  in  command,  depends  the  ciuestion 
of  results ;  so  to  faithful,  intelligent,  pains- 
taking Teachers,  more  than  upon  Directors 
ami  Superintendents,  must  the  people  rely  for 
the  highest  success  of  their  School  .system.  It 
has  been  Toledo's  good  fortune,  fi-om  the  first, 
to  have,  in  rare  degree,  fidelity  and  efficiency 
alike  in  the  Officers  and  Teachers  of  their 
Schools.  The  exceptions  in  the  case  serve  only 
to  make  more  clear  the  rule.  Did  space  per- 
mit, it  would  be  a  pleasure  to  continue  this  list 
of  luimes  through  the  38  \  ears  of  faithful  ser- 
vice by  the  Teachers  in  these  Schools.  The 
Teachers  for  the  first  10  years  of  the  Schools, 
were  as  follows : 

SUPERINTENDENTS. 

Ansou  Smyth,  November  -i,  1850.  to  February  4,  185)1. 
John  Eaton,  Jr.,  February  4,  1856,  to  March  7,  1859. 
Moses  T.  Brown,  Slarch  11,  1859,  and  continued. 

FEMALE    TEACHERS.* 

Auld,  Mrs.  J.  C,  1856.  and  continued:  4th  Ward  and  Grammar. 
Brigham,  Miss  Harriet.  Sept.,  '49,  to  July,  '50;  *2d  Ward. 
Bissell,  Miss  Harriet,  Sept.,  '52,  to  Nov.,  'M:  3d  Ward  Primary. 
Brooks,  Miss  Margaret,  Jan.  to  April,  '.54  ;  Lagrange  Primary. 
Brown.  Miss  L.  A.,  Sept.,  '.55,  to  July,  '58;    Lagrange  Primary. 
Barr.  Mrs.  E.  E.,Sept.,  "5(i.  and  continued  ;  Lagrange  Primary. 
Chollett.  Miss  Marie.  Spring  '51 ;  M  Ward  Secondary. 
Colby.  Mrs.  M.  G.,  March,  '53,  to  July,  '55;    4th  Ward  and  La- 
grange. 
Corning.  Miss  Emilv,  Winter  '.53-'54  :  Lagrange  Secondary. 
Chase,  -Miss  Susan.  Fall  1833_. 

Caine,  Miss  E.  J.,  Winter  18.:t5-'56:  J-agrange  Secondary. 
Chadwici;,  Miss  Susan.  Spring  term  '51  :  Assistant,  4lh  Ward. 
Deyo.  Miss  Fannie  M..  Sept.,  '49,  to  '54  ;  3d  Ward  Secondary. 
Dodge.  Miss  Delia  F..  Spring  term  '5i :  Lagrange  Primary. 
Eels.  Miss  J.  A  ,  Fall  '.50  to  Spring  '5*2  :  Cirammar. 
Eddy.  Miss  E.,  Fall  '51  to  July,  'o2 ;  A.ssistant,  High  School. 
Eastman.  Miss  Martha,  Fall  '^i  to  '.57:  Assistant.  High  School 
Embrie.  Miss  Sally  J  .  Fall  '.5(j :  Assistant  Grammar. 
Eaton.  MissCaroline,  Sept.'Sb,  and  continued:  Asst.  High  School. 
Eldridge,  Miss  S.  E  ,  Sept..  '58,  and  continued  :  Asst,   Lagrange 

Secondary. 
Fisher,  Miss  H,,  Fall  and  Winter  '53  and  '54  ;  4th  Ward. 
Fairchiid,  Miss  Louisa,  Sept.,  '53,  and  continued :  4th  Ward. 
Forsyth,  Miss  Charlotte,   Sept.,  '55,  and  continued  ;  4th  Ward 

Primary. 
Fairchiid.  iliss  Clarissa,  Spring  '.55,  and  continued  ;    3d  Ward 

Primary. 
Graves.  Miss  Sarah,  Spring  '50,  to  July,  '58  :    4th  Ward  Primary. 
Goe  Miss  M.  K.,  Spring  '51 :  ad  Ward. 

Gardner,  Miss  Sarah  E  ,  Sept.,  '5b,  to  July,  '57  :   Lagrange  Prim. 
Gorrill.  Miss  E.  A.,  April.  '57.  to  Jan.,  '58  ;   Whittlesey  Primary. 
Gilbert.  MissS.  N,,  Sept..  '57,  and  continued  ;  Asst.  High  School. 
Howe,  Miss  H.  A.,  Spring  '53:  3d  Ward  Secondary. 
Hathaway,   Miss   Julia  S.,  Sept.,  '55,   to  July.  "'.5(1 ;  4th   Ward 

Grammar. 
Harrington.  Miss  Philinda,  April, '56,  to  July,   '.56:  A.ssistant 

Lagrange  Secondary. 
Hitchcock,  Miss  J.  A..  Dec,  '57,  to  July,  '58:  Unclassified. 
Hunter.  Miss  H.  L.,  Sept.,  '57,  and  continued  :  Yondota  School. 
Hill.  Miss  M.  A.,  Sept.,  '58.  to  Jan..  '."lO;  Whittlesey  Primary. 
Isham.  Miss  Jane  L.,  Spring  '51 :  3d  Ward. 
Keeler,  Miss  Amelia  E.,  April,  'dn,   to   March,  ',57  :  Whittlesey 

Primary. 
Kellogg.  Miss  Nancy  C,  Sept.,  '56,  and  continued  ;    Assistant 

Grammar, 

•  Thirty-five  of  these  had  been  married  when  this  list  was 
prepared  in  March,  1859. 
40 


Kennedy.  Miss  C,  Oct.,  '57,  and  continued  :   1th  Ward  Primary. 

Lowusbury,  MissS..  Fall  '49:  ad  "A'ard  Primary. 

Lawrence.  Miss  — .  1850  :  'M  Ward  I'rimary. 

Lapham,  Mi.ssSsirah  .V.,  Sept..  '52,  to  July.  '5:3  :  Asst.  High  .School. 

L\ill.  Miss.Iulia  A..  .Sept.  ',57,  and  continued:  Lagrange  Sec. 

Lehman,  .Miss  -Vgnes  E.,  Aug., '.58.  and  continued:  Lagrange 
Primary. 

Mott.  Miss  .Marie,  Spring  ',5.3:   Lagrange  Secondary. 

Montgomery,  Miss  Frances,  S|iring'64:  Asst.  4th  Ward  Primary. 

.Mcl'utchton,  Miss  M..  Fall  and  Winter  '.5-l-','.5  :    4th  Ward  Prim. 

Miner.  Miss  Abbv  E.,  Fall  and  Winter '.55-'.5C  :    Asst.  Grammar. 

Marvin,  .Miss  .M.  N.,  Fall  1.S56 :  llh  Ward  Secondary. 

McCoy,  Miss  E.  E. .  Sept.,  '50,  to  April,  '57:  Unclassified. 

Minot.  Miss  Harriet  E..  Nov.,  'M,  to  Dec,  '58:  .Vsst.  Grammar. 

Nel.son.  Miss  Cora  L.,  ,\pril,  '54,  and  continued  :  Lagrange  and 
4th  Ward. 

Nelson,  Miss  S.  C,  April,  '.5,5,  to  July,  '5(i:  A8.sislant  Grammar. 

Odell,  Miss  E.  L.,  May  to  July,  '57  ;  4th  Ward  Sccou<lary, 

Piatt. Miss  Augusta,  Spring  18,55:  Lagrange  Prinmrv. 

Pitt.  Miss  Catlierine  A.,  .\pril.'.57,  to  July,  '58:  'i'ondotn  School. 

Paruuilee.  Miss  Olive  I...  Aug.,  '58,  and  continued:  Assistant 
High  School. 

Patterson.  .Mi.ss  A.  .\  ,  Aug..  '58,  to  Dec.  '58  ;  Whittlesey  Sec. 

Roe,  Miss  Sylvia.  Winter  'Ba-'53 :  Asst.  2d  Ward  Secondary. 

Richmond,  Mrs.  A.,  Sept  ,  '56,  and  continued  :  Whittlesev  and 
unclassified. 

Secor.  Miss  .Sarah,  Aug..  '56,  to  July,  '57  :  :!d  Ward  and  Lagrange. 

Sloan,  Miss  Julia  A.,  Spring  '54  ;  Lagrange  Primary, 

St.  John.  Miss  .Sarah,  Fall  and  Winter '5-l'55;    Asst    Grammar 

Swaiu,  Miss  .Mary  E..  Spring  18.55 :  Asst.  (irammar. 

Storrs,  Miss  H.  F.,  March,  '57,  to  July,  '57  :  Lagrange  Secondary. 

Stevens.  Miss  Lucy  A..  Oct.,  "57,  and  continued  :  Aitst.  Lagrange. 

Schenck,  Miss  Ellen,  Fall  1857:  .\sst.  Lagrange  Sccondarv. 

Tupper.  Mrs.  Mary  E  ,  .Sept.,  '19.  to  April,  '50:    A.sst.  Grammar. 

Titus.  Miss  .M.  C,  Nov..  '51,  to  March.  '55  :  Lagrange  Primary. 

Turner,  Miss  S.  S.,  Fall  and  Winter  '5I-'5'J  :  Grammar. 

Tolman.  .Miss  JIary,  Sept..  'bi,  to  July,  '54  :  Asst.  Lagrange  Sec. 

Titus,  Miss  Anna,  Sept.,  '50,  and  continued  :  Lagrange  Street. 

Williams,  Miss  Laura,  1850 :  4th  Ward. 

Wright.  Miss  Caroline,  Fall  and  Winter  1851-,5'2;  1st  Ward  Pri- 
mary. 

Watson,"  Miss  Harriet,  '51  to  '.53,  and  '57  to  '58 :  3d  Ward  and 
Whittlesey. 

West.  Miss  MaryE.,  Sept.  '53,  and  continued  :  :ld  Wd..  Lagrange 
Crrammar. 

Whituey,  Miss  Caroline,  Spring  '.53  to  March,  '54  :  Lagrange  Pri- 
mary. 

Wood,  Miss  Fanny  H..  Spring  term,  16.>4  :  .\sst.  High  School. 

Wells.  Miss  Maria  B.,  Fall  and  Winter,  'e2-'53  :  :id  Ward  Second- 
ary. 

Woodruff,  Miss  Pamelia.  Sept.,  '54,  to  April,  ',50:  4th  Ward  Sec- 
oudary. 

White,  Miss  Mary  J..  Sept., '55,  to  July, '57  ;  Lagrange  Primary. 

White,  Miss  Jennie,  Sept.,  '.57,  to  July,"  '.58;  Lagrange  Primary. 

Young,  Miss  Margaret,  Sept.,  '49,  to  July,  '50:  2d  Ward. 

MALE  TEACHERS. 

Ball,  (.ieorge  F.,  Sept.,  '49,  to  Nov.,  '50  ;  Grammar. 
Barbour.  0.  F.,  Sept..  '54,  to  July,  '55:  Unclassified. 
Chadwick.  W.  F  S  ,  May,  '.51,  toJuly,  '55:  Cirammar, 
Chase,  John  A.,  Spring  1854;  3d  Ward. 

Cook,  John  G..  March,  '54.  to  Julv,  '54  ;  Lagrange  Secondary. 
Crandall.  F.  M.,  Sept..  '54,  to  March,  '55  ;  Prin.  High  School. 
Converse.  W.  A.  C,  Sept.,  '.57  and  continued  :  Prin.  High  School. 
Darling,  D.  H.,  .Sept.,  '.54,  to  Julv,  '55:  Lagrange  Secondary. 
Ellis,  John,  Spring  term,  1853  :  4th  Ward. 
Foster,  Watson,  Spring  term,  1855  :  Prin,  High  School. 
Hitchcock,  Rev.  Wm.,  Feb.  to  March,  1851 :  3d  Ward  Secondary. 
Harris.  Wm   H.,  Winter  term,  1856;  Unclassified. 
Kinney,  J.  R.,  March,  '53.  to  March,  '54:  Princi]>al  (irammar. 
Pease,  Don  A,,  March,  '5:>,  to  .March,  "54  :  Principal  Grammar, 
Palmer,  .\.  B..  Feb.,  '56,  to  July,  '57:  Principal  High  School. 
Smyth,  Rev.  Ansou,  Nov.,  '50,  to  July,  '04 ;  Prin.  High  School. 
Scott,  Charles  L,  Winter  and  Spring  '52-53  ;   2d  Ward  Secondary. 
Shaw,  W.  D..  appointed— never  served  :  Principal  High  School. 
Thomas,  E.  D.,  Sept  ,  '55,  to  Dec,  "55;  Principal  High  School. 
West,  A.  B.,  June,  '52,  and  coutintied:  Lagrange  and  Prin. Gram. 
West,  C.  D.,  Sept.,  '55,  to  Jan.,  '.!^6  :  Unclassified. 

SPECIAL  TEACHERS. 

Bingham,  Mr.  S.  L.,  Spring  '55,  one  year  ;  Vocal  Music. 
Crossman,  Mr.  C.  S.,  Sept.,  '56,  and  continued  ;  Vocal  Music, 
Waltz,  D.  r..  Fall  '.54  to  Oct.,  '.55 :  Piano. 
Sherring,  Miss  Kate,  Oct.,  '55,  to  Dec.  '5<i:  Piano. 
BischofI,  Mr  ,  Dec,  '.56,  to  Alarch,  '.57  :  Piano. 
Evarts,  Miss  W.,  March,  '57,  to  Oct.,  '57 ;  Piano. 
Titus,  Miss  H.  \.,  Oct..  '57,  and  continued  :  Piano. 
Vordtriede.  Julius,  Spring  "55,  to  July.  '58:  German. 
Koch.  E  W.  E.,  Sept  ,  '58,  and  continued  :  Gernum. 
Graves,  C.  P..  Nov.,  "55,  and  continued  :  Penmanship. 

COLORED  SCHOOL. 

Mitchell,  John,  Fall  and  Winter.  ".52-'5,3. 
Cornish,  Wm.  C,  Fall  ls,57  and  continued. 

SALARIKS    IX    185!). 

Superintendent — John  Eaton,  .Tr ' $1,200 

Teacher  German — Julius  Vordtriede 4.50 

Teacher  Vocal  Music— C  S.  Cros.'iman _^      4110 


618 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Teacher  Penmanship— C.  P.  Graves $400 

Teacher    of    Piano— Augusta  Titus    (paid  by 

High  School-W.  A.  C.  Converse 800 

Miss  Caroline  Eaton 450 

Miss  S.  N.  Gilbert 400 

Grammar  School— A.  B.  West 800 

MissM.  E.  West 300 

Miss  H.  E.  Minot 275 

Miss  N.  C.  Kellogg 275 

Lagrange  St.  Secondary— Miss  J.  A.  Lull---  -_  350 

Miss  Lucv  A.  Stevens 200 

Girls'  2d  Primary— Miss" L.  A.  Brown 300 

Boys'  2d  Primarv— Miss  Anna  Titus 275 

Girls'  1st  Primarv— Miss  J.  White 250 

Boys'  1st  Primary— Mrs.  E.  E.  Barr 300 

3d  Ward  i^econdary— Miss  L.  Fairchild 325 

3d  Ward  Primary— Miss  C.  Fairchild 300 

4th  Ward  Secondary— Miss  C.  L.  Nelson 300 

Mrs.  J.  C.Auld 300 

4th  Ward  2d  Primarv— Miss  S.  S.  Graves 300 

4th  Ward  1st  Primarv— Miss  C.  Kennedy 275 

Whittlesey  Secondary— Miss  H.  Watson 300 

Whittlesey  Primary —Miss  H.  E.  West 275 

Yondota — Miss  A.  L.  Hunter 275 

Unclassitied— Miss  J.  C.  Hitchcock 350 

Colored-Mr.  W.  C.  Cornish 275 

Following  is  a  list  of  Teachers  iu  Toledo 
Public  Schools,  for  the  year  1863-4,  together 
with  their  salaries,  respectiveh^  : 

Salary. 

Moses  T.  Brown,  Superintendent $1,500 

W.  A.  C.  Converse,  Principal  High  School 1,200 

H.  E.  Horton,  1st  Assistant,  do 550 

Jesse  Williams,  2d  Assistant,  do 500 

E.  W.  Dickerson,  Principal  Grammar  School—  1,000 

Julia  A.  Lull,  Assistant,  do 400 

James  H.  Smart,  Principal  Intermediate 800 

H.  C.  Minott,  1st  Assistant,  do 300 

Nancy  C.  Kellogg,  2d  do 300 

Cora  L.  Nelson,  3d  do 300 

Stephen  Smart,  Principal  Lagrange  St.  Sec 5.50 

Elizabeth  Southard,  1st  Assistant,  do 275 

Almira  Dorr,  2d  do 200 

Anna  Gordon,  Third  Ward  Primary 300 

Helen  L.  Mills,  Fourth  Ward  Primary 300 

S.  C.  Eldridge,  Fourth  Ward  Second  Primary__  300 

Bessie  C.  Hill,  Filth  Ward  Second  Primary 300 

Ada  L.  Hunter,  Sixth  Ward  Second  Primary.,  300 
Celia   Bengough.   Lagrange    St.    1st    Primarv 

(Boys) '. .'.  300 

Julia  Dodge,  Lagrange  St.  2d  Primary  (Boys).-.  300 

Anna  Titus,  Lagrange  St.  1st  Primary  (Gir!s)__  300 

Maria  Smith,  Lagrange  St.  2d  Primary  (Girls). _  300 

Emily  Southard,  Third  Ward  Primary. 300 

Mary  Eldridge,  Assistant  Third  Ward  Primary  225 

Marian  Forsyth,  Fouuth  AVard  1st  Primary 300 

Charlotte  Forsvth,  Fourth  Ward  2d  Primary..  300 

Celia  Huntington,  Fifth  Ward  1st  Primarv 300 

Mary  Rowe,  Fifth  Ward  I'd  Primary .1 225 

Sophia  Freeman,  Clinton  Park  Primary 225 

E.  W.  E.  Koch,  Gei'mau  and  Gymnastics (350 

C.  S.  Crossman,  Teacher  of  Music 120 

R.  P.  Clark,  Teacher  of  Colored  School 275 

Teachers  and  salaries  for  187(j-77  were  as 
follows : 

Mann    High   Scliool— R.   M.  Streeter,  Principal, 

$1,800;  Miss  S.  R.  Folger,  Assistant,  $1,000;  Irene 
Brown,  Assistant,  $050. 

Mitchell  High  School— Herbert  S.  Hutchinson, 
Principal,  $1,200;  Orpha  E.  Parmelee,  1st  As.sistant, 
$600 ;  (Jarrie  M.  Card,  2d  Assistant,  |550. 


Webster  Grammar  School— Arthur  W.  Blaine, 
Principal,  $1,200;  Mattie  M.  Cronise,  Assistant,  $650 ; 
Emma  M.  Taylor,  Assistant,  $650  ;  Ella  Taylor,  As- 
sistant, $.525. 

Worcester  Grammar  School— Sarah  E.  Ensign, 
Principal,  $900 ;  L.  Helen  Baldwin,  Assistant,  $650; 
Minnie  B.  Neeley,  Assistant,  .J.550. 

Lyon  GrammarSchool— Mary  E.Ott,  Principal, $900. 

Willard  Intermediate — Lucv  R.  Rohbins,  Princi- 
dal,  $900  ;  Lilly  Hayes,  Assistant,  $500. 

Special  Teachers— M.  Friedburg,  German,  $950  ; 
Margaret  Otten,  German,  $(iOO  ;  Ella  Bell,  French, 
$700;  Carrie  G.  Luce.  Drawing,  $450;  N.  M.  Dane, 
Music,  $1,250. 

Stickney  Avenue  School — Maggie  E.  Hamilton, 
Primary  Intermediate,  $(i50  ;  Maria  Moore,  Junior 
Intermediate,  $550  ;  Sarah  Smith,  Senior  Secondary, 
$5.50;  Nellie  M.  Ensign,  Junior  Secondary,  $,500; 
Mattie  L.  Sumner,  Senior  Primary,  $450 ;  Emily  L. 
Norton,  Junior  Primary,  11550  ;  Mary  E.  Law.  Junior 
Primary,  $450. 

Lagrange  School — Ellen  A.  Nicholas,  Principal 
and  Intermediate,  $700 ;  Lizzie  Kneale,  Assistant, 
$425 ;  Jennie  Brownlee,  Senior  Secondary,  $500 ; 
Amelia  Morton,  Assistant.  $500  ;  Sadie  Hayes,  Junior 
Secondary,  $500 ;  Sarah  D.  Jermain,  Senior  Primary, 
$.500 ;  Sarah  J.  Foley,  Junior  Primary,  $.500  ;  Celia 
Huntington,  Junior  Primary,  $.500 ;  M.  Loenshal, 
German  Secondary,  .$7.50 ;  Maria  P.  Hirth,  German 
Secondary,  $590. 

Sherman  School — Jessie  C.  Burdick,  Principal  and 
Senior  Primary,  $700 ;  Jennie  Dunlap,  Senior  Pri- 
mary, $425;  Sarah  Wright,  Senior  Secondary,  $500; 
Mary  M.  Jaquet,  Junior  Intermediate,  $5.50  ;  Fannie 
Peck,  Junior  Secondary,  $450  ;  Clara  E.  Homberger, 
Junior  Secondary,  $4.50 ;  Lizzie  King,  Junior  Pri- 
mary, $425 ;  Nellie  Beach,  Junior  Primary,  $425  ;  C. 
Clagg,  German,  $475. 

Andrews  School — Marie  Hubbard,  Principal  and 
Senior  Secondary,  $700 ;  Ella  Dorr,  Junior  Inter- 
mediate, $525  ;  Belle  Wiley,  Senior  Secondary,  $525  ; 
Cecilia  Lillelund,  Junior  Secondary.  $.500 ;  Georgie 
Dorr,  Senior  Primary,  $450;  Lucy  M.  Nicholson, 
Junior  Primary,  $500;  Nellie  Taylor,  Junior  Pri- 
marv, $500 ;  L.  A.  Ibershofl,  German  Secondary, 
$6.50";  Julia  M.  Marx,  German  Primary.  $400;  Marie 
Frank,  German  Primary,  $475. 

Jefierson  School — Charlotte  S.  Forsyth,  Junior  and 
Senior  Primary,  .$700;  Ella  Dean,  Junior  Intermedi- 
ate, $(>00 ;  Jidia  E.  Carkener,  Secondary,  .$525 ; 
Sophie  E.  Mandeville,  Junior  Secondary,  $500;  Liz- 
zie Maher,  Junior  Primary,  $4i5  ;  L.  R.  Konopak, 
German,  $600. 

Warren  School — Alice  Bangs,  Principal  and  Senior 
Secondary,  -$600  ;  Sarah  Mulholland,  Junior  Second- 
ary, $525;  Martha  Cahoon,  Senior  Primary,  $525; 
Mary  E.  Galvin,  Junior  Primary.  $450. 

Washington  School— Myron  H.  Twitchell,  Prin- 
cipal and  Senior  Secondary,  f  6.50  ;  Lizzie  E.  Duguid, 
Senior  Secondary,  $500;  Libbie  Mansfield,  .lunior 
Intermediate,  $525;  Marietta  Johnson,  Junior  Sec- 
ondary, $.500 ;  Celia  Bengough,  Senior  Primary, 
$.500;  Aggie  Hofimau,  Junior  Primarv,  $4.50  ;  Julia 
Card,  Junior  Primary,  $425;  J.  S.  Hirth, 'German,  $500. 

Lewis  School — Anna  Titus,  Principal  and  Senior 
Primary,  $6.50 ;  Ada  Ritchie,  Senior  Secondary,  $.500  ; 
Mrs.  L.  R.  Konopak,  Junior  Secondary,  $50(3;  M. 
Ella  Waggoner,  Junior  Primary,  $400. 

Irving  School— Adelia  Thompson,  Principal,  $4.50. 

Lincoln  School— Mattie  Mettler,  Principal  and 
Secondary,  $550  ;  Carrie  Danzy,  Primary,  $500. 

Oliver  School — Carrie  Adams,  Secondary,  $500; 
Augusta  Smith,  Primary,  $500. 

Allen  School— Grace  Crumbaugh,  Principal,  $400. 

Rogers  School — Wm.  E.  Barker,  Principal,  $500 ; 
Jennie  Gridley,  Assistant,  $425. 
Howland  School— G.  V.  Perrine,  Principal,  $500. 


PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 


619 


TEACHERS— 1887-88. 

Following  is  a  list  of  Teachers  in  the  Toledo 
Public  Schools,  with  the  years  of  service,  as 
fiuincl  January  1,  1888: 

H.  W.  CoMPTON,  Superintendent  of  Schools. 

Ymrs  of  HIGH   SCHOOL. 

Scrricr. 

4     Harry  C.  Adams,  Principal. 
I.")     Sarah  Folger,  Assistant. 

9    Mabel  Cronise,  Assistant. 
IG    Carrie  Card,  Assistant. 

14  Ada  Ritchie,  Assistant. 

15  L.  Helen  Baldwin,  Assistant. 

1     William  McPherson,  Assistant. 
9    G.  F.  Lok,  Assistant. 

WEBSTER    GR.^MMAR. 

a  Norman  E.  Hutchinson,  Principal. 

Ls  Martha  JI.  Cronise,  Assistant. 

19  Emma  M.  Taylor,  Assistant, 
l.i  Jennie  Brownlee,  Assistant. 

14  Sadie  Hayes,  Assistant. 

,s    Delia  Ellinwood,  Assistant. 
13     Fannie  Peck,  Assistant. 

WORCESTER    GRAMMAR. 

20  Sarah  C.  Ensign,  Principal. 

15  Sarah  D.  Jermain,  Assistant. 

4  Mary  Dunlap,  Assistant. 

SPECIAL   TE.\CIIERS. 

5  Marie  Petit,  French. 

1     Nellie  Fockens,  Drawing. 
15    Martin  Friedberg,  German. 

ILLINOIS   SCHOOL. 

15  S.  E.  Maudeville,  Principal. 

10  Mattie  Telford,  Senior  Intermediate. 

:>  Louise  King,  Junior  Intermediate. 

4  Belle  Bangs,  Senior  Secondary. 

li  Maggie  Holly,  Junior  Secondary. 

.")  Minnie  Redding,  Junior  Primary. 

1  Millie  Conlisk,  Junior  Primary. 

SOUTH   .SCHOOL. 

i:;  K.  F.  Piatt,  Principal. 

4  Florence  Beamer,  .lunior  Intermediate. 

18  Delia  W.  Howard,  Senior  Secondary. 
3  Josie  Miner,  Junior  Secondary. 

8  Emma  Miner,  Senior  Primary. 

3  Bridget  Cassidy,  Junior  Primary. 

1  Ada  Bigelow,  Junior  Primary. 

3  Catherine  Seller,  German  Primary. 

1  Mary  McGuire,  .Junior  Primary. 

1  Ida  Zurtluh,  Junior  Primary. 

BROADWAY   SCHOOL. 

6  Frank  L.  Maguire,  Principal. 

15  Ella  French,  Junior  Intermediate. 

22  Lucy  Wright,  Senior  Secondary. 

3  Delia  A.  Keleher,  Junior  Secondary. 

10  Anna  Murray,  Senior  Primary. 

9  Lizzie  Sheahan,  .lunior  Primary. 
1  Kittle  Fish,  Junior  Primary. 

11  C.  Hillenkamp,  German  Secondary. 

3  Nellie  Balfe,  Junior  Secondary. 

4  Hulda  Buettner,  German  Primary. 

5  Alice  Ingraham,  English  Primary. 

I     Pauline  Thorbrugger,  German  Primary. 

ST.    CLAIR    SCHOOL. 

19  F.  C.  C.  Man,  Principal  and  Secondary  (Ger.Alt.) 
5    Ella  Mooney,  Secondary  (Eng.  Alt.) 

1 1  Mrs.  Thorp,  Senior  Intermediate. 

12  Emina  Ingraham,  Senior  Intermediate. 


Years  of 
Hervice. 

11     L.  Dittcnhavcr,  Juiuor  Intermediate. 
7     M.  Sharkey,  Senior  Secondary. 

Emily  Normanton,  Junior  Secondary. 

Susie  Horniel,  Senior  Primary. 

.Vnna  Normanton,  Junior  Primary. 

Maggie  Brcnnan,  Junior  Primary. 

Minnie  llalhach,  Junior  Primary. 

Anna  Kruse,  German  Primary. 

Alice  Cochran,  Junior  Grammar. 


2 
T 
4 

4 

1 

11 


.JEFFERSON    SCHOOL. 

12  M.  E.  Anthony,  Principal. 

8  Theo.  Wilcox,  Senior  Intermediate. 
11  Marion  \.  Hill,  Junior  Intermediate. 
11  Mrs.  Welch,  Junior  Intermediate. 

9  Louise  Bond,  Senior  Secondary. 

1  Myrtle  Whitney,  Senior  Secondary. 

13  Marietta  Johnson,  Junior  Secondary. 

8  Hattie  Johnson,  Senior  Primary. 
4  Mary  Rood,  Junior  Primary. 

9  There.se  Schmuck,  Junior  Primary. 
9  Augusta  Scraeder,  German  Primary. 

11  Anna  Nicholas,  Junior  Grammar. 

HOAG    SCHOOL. 

14  Ella  Conlisk,  Principal  and  Intermediate. 
4  Hannah  Murphy,  Secondary. 

8  Mary  Pickett,  Senior  Primary. 

4  Anna  Pickett,  Junior  Primary  (Eng.  Alt.) 

11  Ottillie  Hermann,  Junior  Primary  (Ger.  Alt.) 

STICKNEY    SCHOOL. 

16  Mary  P.  Hirth,  Principal  and  Junior  Grammar. 
10  Sarah  Bisby,  Senior  Intermediate. 

3  Fannie  Harnit,  Junior  Intermediate. 

3  Sara  Beatty,  Senior  Secondary, 

4  Annie  Walker,  Senior  Secondary. 

2  Jennie  Jones,  Junior  Secondary. 
2  Tillie  Ecker,  Junior  Secondary. 

2  Anna  Radbone,  Senior  Primary. 

4  Susie  Ilaviland,  Senior  Primary. 

12  Jennie  Gridley,  Junior  Primary. 

3  Jessie  Featherstone,  Junior  Primary. 

1  Anna  Wuerfel,  German  Primary. 

LAGRANGE   SCHOOL. 

21  Ellen  A.  Nicholas,  Principal  and  .lunior  Inter- 
mediate. 

2  E.  Flanagan,  Senior  Secondary. 
7  Anna  Hirth,  Junior  Secondary. 

15  Mrs.  S.  J.  Foley,  Senior  Primary. 

10  Margaret  L.  Hubbard,  Junior  Primary. 

5  Sadie  Featherstone,  Junior  Primary. 
5  Lizzie  Schiller,  German  Secondary. 

7  Clara  Spielbusch,  German  Primary. 

ERIE   SCHOOL. 

19  Marie  A.   Hibbard,  Principal  and  Senior  Inter- 
mediate. 

17  Cecilia  Lillelund,  Junior  Intermediate. 
5  Lottie  O'Brien,  Senior  Secondary. 

13  Ella  Hayes,  Junior  Secondary. 

5  Jennie  U.  Hayes,  Junior  Secondary. 

3  Louise  Corlett,  Senior  Primarj-. 
10  Ella  King,  Senior  Primary. 

8  Hattie  Brown,  Junior  Primary. 
1  Dollie  Fisher,  Juinor  Primary. 

12  Albert  Mayer,  Prim,  and  Sec.  (Ger.  Alt.) 

9  Rosa  Lang,  German  and  English  Senior  Primary. 
10  Alice  Pugh,  Primary  and  Secondary  (Eng.  Alt.) 

WARREN    SCHOOL. 

18  Alice  Bangs,  Principal  and  Senior  Secondary. 
5  Ella  Galvin,  Junior  Grammar. 

7  Linda  Ricards,  Senior  Intermediate. 


620 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LDCAS  COUNTY. 


Yean  of 
Service. 

4  Emma  Sargent,  Junior  Intermediate. 
7  Helen  RoUiind,  Junior  Intermediate. 
1  Nettie  Marker,  Senior  Secondary. 

3  Belle  Austin,  Junior  Secondary. 

9  Lottie  Sargent,  Junior  Secondary. 

G  Anna  Morse,  Senior  Primary. 

6  Bessie  McGaw,  Senior  Primary. 

0  Rose  Galvin,  Junior  Primary. 

7  Fannie  McLain,  Junior  Primary. 

SHERMAN    SCHOOL. 

15  L.  R.  Konopak,  Principal. 

Cora  Orwig,  Senior  Intermediate. 

5  Vesta  Dowler,  Junior  Intermediate. 
3  Susie  Canneff,  Senior  Secondary. 

1  Hattie  Dustin,  Senior  Secondary. 

8  Mary  Brennan,  Junior  Secondary. 

6  Ada  Burchfield,  Junior  Secondary. 
10  Fannie  Carrington,  Senior  Primary. 

1  Ola  Fleming,  Senior  Primary. 

7  Flora  Timpany,  Junior  Primary. 

1  Ella  Taylor,  Junior  Primary. 

3  Anna  Nitschke,  Junior  Primary. 

WASHINGTON   SCHOOL. 

15  Mary  M.  Jaquet,  Principal  and  Junior  Grammar. 

3  Julia  Hunter,  Senior  Intermediate. 

10  Mrs.  Anna  C.  Mayer,  Junior  Intermediate. 

3  Delia  Sharkey,  Intermediate  and  Secondary. 

2  Mary  Eldridge,  Senior  Secondary. 

11  Julia  Campbell,  Junior  Secondary. 
11  M.  A.  Hannin,  Senior  Primary. 

9  Ella  Geelan,  Senior  Primary. 

8  Alice  Campbell,  Junior  Primary. 
Clara  Dennison,  Junior  Primary. 

3  Kate  Tiedtke,  German  Primary. 

3  Laura  Whitney,  Junior  Secondary. 

EAST   TOLEDO   SCHOOL. 

18  Mattie  Mettler,  Principal  and  Junior  Interme- 
diate. 

11  Lizzie  Humphrey,  Junior  Grammar. 

5  Emma  Meyers,  Senior  Intermediate. 

14  Jennie  Mettler,  Senior  Secondary. 

11  Maria  Farst,  Junior  Secondary. 

12  Emma  V.  Brown,  Senior  Primary. 

3  Belle  Barlow,  Senior  Primary. 

2  Irene  Remelsbecker,  Junior  Primary. 
1  Kate  Sullivan,  Junior  Primary. 

7  Mary  Wiedeman,  German  Primary. 

9  Edna  Smith,  Junior  Secondary. 

NEBRASKA    SCHOOL. 

12  Ed.  Lemberger,  Principal. 

7  Anna  M.  Conliss,  Senior  Secondary. 

4  Mary  Wright,  Senior  Secondarj-. 

3  Delia  Dallett,  Senior  Secondary. 
11  Clara  Gordon,  Junior  Secondary. 

8  Elsie  Kreuger,  German  Secondary. 

1  Hattie  Morlock,  Junior  Secondary. 

4  Emma  Fenneberg,  Senior  Primary. 
7  Mary  Klotz,  Senior  Primary. 

2  Grace  Stainthorpe,  Senior  Primary. 

5  Olga  Heyn,  Senior  Primary. 

6  Lillie  Donnolly,  Junior  Primary. 

2  Lena  Zurfluh,  Junior  Primary. 

3  Jeannette  Williams,  Junior  Primary. 
1  Ella  Frey,  Junior  Primary. 

1  Dora  Rosenthal,  Junior  Primary. 

SOUTHEAST   TOLEDO. 

7  May  Brown,  Principal  and  Intermediate. 
10  Olive  Brown,  Secondary. 

8  M.  T.  Downey,  Senior  Primary. 

1  Nellie  Westcott,  Junior  Primary. 


Years  of  NORTH  TOLEDO. 

Seroice. 

12    Carrie  Adams,  Principal  and  Intermediate. 

1    Jennie  Vallette,  Secondary. 

5     Eleanor  Flannigan,  Primary. 

MANHATTAN  SCHOOL. 

7     Helen  Diuiick,  Principal  and  Secondary. 
1     Grace  Skeldon,  Primary. 

IRONVILLE  SCHOOL. 

11     Norma  Wynn,  Principal,  Intermediate  and  Sec. 
3    Norma  Jacobs,  Primary. 

brown's    ADDITION   SCHOOL. 

0    Lillie  Warner,  Principal  and  Secondary. 

5  Kate  Geelan,  Primary. 

PARKLAND. 

7    Janet  Timpany,  Principal  and  Secondary. 

6  Addle  Earned,  Primary. 

WALBRIDGE. 

6    Louise  Hoffman,  Primary. 

JUNCTION. 

fi    Luella  Odell,  Ungraded. 

HOWLAND. 

5    May  Snow,  Ungraded. 

TREMAINESVILLE. 

5    Mary  Riley,  Primary  and  Secondary. 


ALUMNI  TOLEDO  HIGH  SCHOOL. 

CLASS   OF   1857. 

Amos  W.  Crane,  Olive  L.  Parmelee, 

William  H.  H.  Smith. 


CLASS  OP  1858. 


Apphya  C.  Avery, 
Charlotte  A.  Coy, 
Delia  Curtiss, 
Ella  A.  Hanks, 
Emerson  E.  Hasty, 
Margaret  A.  Lillelund, 


William  Corlett, 
Amos  W.  Crane, 
Geo.  Duncan  Forsyth, 
Fannie  M.  Hanks, 
John  L.  Johnston, 
Fannie  E.  Love, 


William  H.  H.  Smith. 


CLASS  OP  1859. 


Apphya  C.  Avery, 
Sophia  Freeman, 
Emerson  E.  Hasty, 


Sarah  Collins, 
Joseph  F.  Fulton, 
Ada  F.  Orcutt, 


Laura  A.  Parmelee. 


CLASS   OF   1860. 


Marion  S.  Forsyth, 
George  F.  Spencer, 
Charles  J.  Swift, 


Eliza  M.  Spencer, 
Elizabeth  G.  Southard, 
John  A.  Waite. 


CLASS  OP  1861. 
William  W.  Bolles,  Cyrus  W.  Breed, 


Myra  S.  Dorr, 
John  J.  Hunker. 


Henry  A.  Forsyth, 
Helen  M.  Jones, 
Rachel  Tyler. 


CLASS   OF    1862. 

Carrie  Cheney, 
Mary  E.  Eldridge, 
Belle  Harnwell, 
Emery  D.  Pottei',  Ji 
Charlotte  A.  Steele, 
W.  Hunt  Walbridge 


Andrew  J.  Wales 


Lucy  D.  Collins, 
Mary  E.  Haskell, 
Ralph  Osborn, 
Emily  Springer, 
Julia  E.  Steele, 
Sophia  Watson, 


PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 


(121 


CLASS   OF    lS6o. 


Belle  Bodley, 
Alex.  H.  Ewing, 
Julia  Fitch, 
Kate  A.  Hamilton, 
Andrew  H.  Hunker, 
Maggie  B.  Laughlin, 
Mary  S.  Rogers, 
Evelyn  A.  Shepard, 
Mary  J.  Wilcox, 
SueC.  Wood, 

Annie 


Belle  Brownlce, 
Edward  H.  Fiteh, 
Spencer  L.  Eraser, 
Lottie  H.  Haskell, 
Helen  A.  Ketcliam, 
Ellen  S.  Phelps, 
Jennie  Shaw, 
Eleanor  Southard, 
Eliza  M.  Whitney, 
Maria  A.  Woodruff, 
E.  Yardley. 


CLASS   OF    1864. 


Almira  H.  Ballard, 
Ella  Dariing, 
Gertrude  S.  Fowle, 
P'rancis  M.  Huffman, 
Frank  A.  Scott, 
Harriet  E.  Shurtz. 
Louise  E.  Stephan 


Harriet  G.  Chase, 
CamiUus  S.  Fahnestock 
Mary  H.  Hayes, 
Elizabeth  E.  Sawyer, 
Mary  B.  Shoemaker, 
Charles  L.  Spencer, 
Burton  [L  Taylor, 
Josephine  A.  Williams. 

CLASS  OP  1865. 


Emma  J.  Ballard, 
Anna  Fleet, 
Ella  S.  Knight, 
Carrie  E.  Piatt, 
Louise  E.  Stephan, 


George  F.  Colby, 
Edwin  Jackson,  Jr. 
Wesley  C.  Palmer, 
Frank  A.  Scott, 
Lucy  S.   Wright. 


CLASS  OF  1866. 


Hattie  S.  Baldwin, 
Libbie  G.  Dawson, 
Robert  M.  Hubbard, 
Laura  JI.  Kraus, 
James  L.  Montgomery, 
Belle  Roemer, 


Alice  J.  Burns, 
Avery  S.  Hill, 
Eliza  M.  Kent, 
Nellie  Mandeville, 
Carrie  E.  Piatt, 
Frank  A.  Scott, 


Alice  J.  Steele. 
CLASS  OF  1867. 


Hattie  S.  Baldwin, 
Kittie  J.  Chase, 
Hattie  Curtiss, 
John  F.  Fulton, 
James  Laughlin, 
Myron  H.  Parmelee, 
Carrie  D.  Southard, 


Irene  Brown, 
Jennie  Clift, 
Susie  P.  Flagg, 
Eliza  M.  Kent, 
Rynebold  Opitz, 
Hattie  L.  Peck, 
Sibvl  Williams. 


CLASS  OF  1868. 


Mary  Bond, 
Alice  S.  Chamberlin, 
Ella  E.  Luce, 
Mary  R.  Pomero)', 
Abbie  R.  Underwood, 


Belle  W.  Young. 
CLASS  OF   1869. 


Irene  Brown, 
Belle  Flint, 
Addie  C.  Nessle, 
Erwin  P.  Raymond, 
Charles  O.  Whitney, 


Oshea  S.  Brigham, 
IMartha  Lillelund, 
Julia  Smith. 


John  Fitch,  Jr., 
Grace  Osborne, 
Rebecca  Williams. 


CLASS  OF  1870. 


L.  Helen  Baldwin, 
Jennie  A.  Brownlee, 
Frank  P.  Foulkes, 
Sadie  H.  Haves, 
Arthur  D.  Howell, 
Ella  W.  Mclntyre, 
Paul  B.  Palmer, 
Andrew  J.  Snell, 


George  H.  H.  Bodette, 
Carrie  Danzey, 
Ella  G.  Hall, 
Florence  S.  Hooper, 
Edmund  S.  Lorenz, 
Amelia  Morton. 
Byron  F.  Ritchie, 
William  K.  Smith, 


Ella  M.  Tourtillotte. 


CLASS   OF    1871. 


Annie  H.  Baldwin, 
Lucy  W.  Bevier, 
Abbie  F.  Crosby, 


Mary  E.  Berdan, 
Carrie  M.  Card, 
Emma  M.  DeWolf, 


Arthur  Q.  Draper, 
Maggie  S.  Gilchrist, 
Frankie  M.  Hoag, 
Mary  M.  Jac(iuet, 
Orpha  E.  Parmelee, 


Belle  Wylie 

CLASS   OF   1872 


Eva  Freeman, 
Ophelia  Head, 
Agnes  Hoflman, 
Emma  M.  Koch, 
Ella  Whitaker, 


Herbert  Baker, 
Samuel  S.  Blanchard, 
Alden  Crane, 
Harry  D.  Earl, 
A.  C.  Harris, 
Sallic  Mitchell, 
Fannie  Peck, 
Alice  Snyder, 
Thomas  H.  W^albridge, 


Ida  M.  Berdan, 
Sarah  Case, 
Ella  B.  Dorr, 
Edna  Gregory, 
Florence  McCJormick, 
Mary  Morton, 
Lizzie  Peck, 
Ella  Taylor, 
Tutie  Williams, 


Jennie  Balfe, 
Ida  Consaul, 
Lauren  Dunlap, 
Mary  Galvin, 
Lillie  Hayes, 
Clara  Homberger, 
Mary  Jones, 
Samuel  Kohn, 
Carrie  Luce, 
Aggie  McKinnon, 
Harry  Miller, 
Charles  Moore, 
Frederick  G.  Reed 
Fannie  Segur, 


Mary  Young. 
CLASS  OF  1873. 

Emma  Boice, 
Charles  Cook, 
William  Eggleston, 
Martin  Gitskey, 
Jennie  Hoffman, 
Ada  M.  Jones, 
Lizzie  King, 
Robinson  Locke, 
Josie  McGuire, 
Lillie  Jliller, 
Lillie  Moonev, 
Dwight  A.  Pelton, 
Ada  M.  Ritchie, 
Jennie  Smith, 
Sarah  Wheeler. 

Class  of  1874. 


Alice  Atkins, 
Mary  Conway, 
Georgie  Dorr, 
Kittie  Fitch, 
William  Geroe, 
Sarah  Hammond, 
Ellen  Jones, 
Christian,  Klag, 
Lizzie  Kneal, 
Alonzo  A.  Lott, 
William  V.  McMaken, 
Amanda  Ridenour, 
Carrie  Roller, 
Clara  Slevin, 
Thomas  J.  Smith, 
Hattie  Sprague, 
Carrie  Walbridge, 
Charles  H.  Whitaker, 

Mattie 


Nellie  Beach, 
George  Detwiler, 
Rine  Fish, 
Sarah  Gardner, 
Rachel  Gitskey, 
Fannie  Hoffman, 
Arthur  Keeler, 
John  Klag, 
Mary  E.  Law, 
Lizzie  Maher, 
Randolph  Miner, 
Mary  Rimell, 
Jennie  Schurtz, 
Mary  Smith, 
Jennie  Stern, 
Minnie  Stock, 
Philip  Welker, 
John  Vogel, 
Wylie. 


CLASS  OP  1875. 


Arthur  Ernest  Baker, 
Caroline  B.  Bailey, 
Minnie  J.  Barker, 
Charles  H.  Breed, 
Jennie  L.  Bump, 
Carrie  A.  Cheney, 
Nellie  Cook, 
Mary  H.  Draper, 
Ida  M.  Fallis, 
Rathbun  Fuller, 
Jennie  Gridley, 
Walter  E.  Ketcham, 
Anna  L.  Murray, 
Flora  E.  Olds, 
Millard  E.  Richards, 
Arthur  J.  Secor, 
Emma  J.  Tinker, 
Mary  Ella  Waggoner, 


Rufus  H.  Baker, 
Lizzie  M.  Baldwin, 
Pamela  Berdan, 
Emma  V.  Brown, 
Julia  M.  Card, 
Frank  H.  Church, 
Eva  C.  Darling, 
Charles  C.  Eggleston, 
Oieorge  W.  Farley, 
Katie  Gilchri.st, 
Charles  E.  Kent, 
Hattie  L.  Luce, 
Jennie  Norton, 
Edward  C.  Perry. 
Jes.sie  F.  Ridenour, 
Frank  H.  Tanner, 
Joshua  F.  Vogel, 
William  S.  Young. 


622 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LOCAS  COUNTY. 


CLASS   OF   1876. 


Annie  C.  Acklin, 
Louisa  Bond, 
Luella  L.  Bostwick, 
Vories  P.  Blown, 
John  P.  Delphe}', 
Maria  Farst, 
Kittie  DeF.  Forbes, 
George  S.  Harnit, 
Anna  Ketcham, 
Frank  E.  Klauser, 
Minnie  A.  Lewis, 
Stella  V.  Montgomery, 
Wm.  H.  Parsons, 
George  E.  Rouse, 
Alice  Slevin, 
Alta  Southard, 
Elja  E.  Trowbridge, 
Anna  R.  Weber, 
Sylvia  N.  Woodin, 


M.  Jennie  Baldwin, 
Oakalla  Bigelow, 
Lizzie  Brown, 
Carrie  Claflin, 
Fannie  Enright, 
Alma  Fassett, 
Ella  A.  Galvin, 
Kittie  W.  Jermain, 
Ella  C.  King, 
Kate  Lenderson, 
EffieE.  Manor, 
Ella  L.  Mooney, 
Anna  Pratt, 
Henry  E.  Rouse, 
Jennie  Stewart, 
Ella  May  Stewart, 
Katie  B.  Warner, 
Henry  W.  Wilhelm, 
Jennie  Wylie. 


CLASS  OF  1877. 


Cora  Benson, 
Emma  E.  Brown, 
Cora  A.  Clark, 
Harriet  M.  Corl, 
Jessie  F.  Davis, 
Sarah  D.  Dearborn, 
George  L.  Freeman, 
Josephine  Gitskey, 
Mary  W.  Howard, 
Isabella  Rowena  Hunt, 
Hattie  C.  Johnson, 
Wilmot  A.  Ketcham, 
Katherine  F.  Kreiger, 
Mabel  Lampman, 
Mary  Maher, 
Elizabeth  E.  Marx, 
Lewis  E.  Newman, 
Douglass  Norton, 
Henry  G.  Pratt. 
Henry  H.  Suydam, 
Henry  C.  Vordtriede, 
William  F.  West, 

Carrie 


Caroline  Bond, 
Fannie  L.  Carrington, 
Frank  E.  Cole, 
Charles  N.  Cox, 
William  Cranston, 
Wm.  Fitch  Dewey, 
Grace  Gardner, 
Minnie  J.  Hall, 
Ellen  Starr  Howell, 
Jessie  A.  Jennison, 
Harry  M.  Kelsey, 
Frank  I.  King, 
D.  E.  Lampman, 
Lulu  B.  Lewis, 
Mary  S.  W.  Maples, 
Kate  Alida  Moore, 
Carrie  M.  Norton, 
George  A.  Reynolds, 
Leonora  E.  Smith, 
Marietta  Trowbridge, 
Charles  W.  West, 
Alice  P.  Woodworth, 
H.  Wright. 


CLASS  OP  1878. 


Emma  Anliker, 
Fannie  L.  Baker, 
Alice  A.  Berdan, 
Harriet  A.  Brown, 
Alice  B.  Burnap, 
Ida  A.  Card, 
Josephine  Cooke, 
Jeanette  E.  Cooper, 
Ida  J.  Curtis, 
Margaret  S.  Fitzgerald, 
Mary  C.  Frankeberger, 
Ada  Hayes, 
Minnie  H.  Hone, 
Herman  R.  Klauser, 
Flora  A.  McLain, 
Lewis  A.  Rhodes, 
Ellen  M.  Rolland, 
Frank  E.  Southard, 
Halbert  B.  Warren, 
Milbourn  S.  Wright, 

Alice 


Anna  C.  Beach, 
Allie  E.  Brown, 
Mary  Etta  M.  Brown, 
Minnie  B.  Brown, 
Charlotte  F.  Brigham, 
James  E.  Chapin, 
Jeanette  Claflin, 


Thomas  B.  Atkinson, 
Wm.  M.  Bellman, 
Maria  A.  Bond, 
Cora  L.  Burbank, 
Alice  B.  Campbell, 
Alida  A.  Chapin, 
Cliarles  H.  Cooke, 
Mabel  Cronise, 
Eden  V.  Delpliey, 
Herman  Friedburg, 
Selig  Gitskey, 
Eugene  Head, 
Ezra  E.  Kirk, 
Sarah  T.  Mabley, 
Ada  R.  Phillips, 
Alice  C.  Rolland, 
Julia  A.  Smith, 
Lewis  E.  Storne, 
Lvra  V.  Williams, 
Mary  E.  Wylie, 
G.  Young. 

i  OF  1879. 

Addle  R.  Barr, 
May  A.  Brown, 
Ella  J.  Brown, 
Julia  S.  Berdan, 
Sarah  L.  Balfe, 
Julia  E.  Crane, 
Mattie  E.  Cheney, 


Ida  R.  Cheney, 
Mary  W.  Dunlap, 
Ola  M.  Fleming, 
Joseph  A.  Granger, 
Parks  Hone, 
Edward  B.  Hitchcock, 
Idalette  Hunter, 
Anna  Kaechele, 
Virginia  Lungren, 
Ella  McAran, 
Olive  C.  Pratt, 
Harriet  E.  Perry, 
Mary  L.  Smith, 
Josie  D.  Scribner, 
Kate  M.  Schnetzler, 
Ophelia  0.  Wilcox, 


Jessie  L.  (Jase, 
Henry  H.  Dawson, 
Laura  A.  Ford, 
Archie  Gassaway, 
Gisella  Hoffman, 
Eloise  P.  Hunt, 
Emma  E.  Koehler, 
Eleanor  L.  Kline, 
Isabel  C.  Love, 
Anna  J.  Nitschke, 
Charles  A.  Prue, 
Roxana  Robinson, 
Fannie  J.  Sellery, 
Carrie  M.  Sawyer, 
Lucy  Janet  Vogel, 
Alida  W.  Wales. 


CLASS   OF    1880. 


George  Atkinson, 
May  Benson, 
Anna  Conliss, 
Ida  Davis, 
Louisa  Fey, 
Wm.  Haviland, 
Elsie  Krueger, 
Edith  Kent, 
Sadie  Luce, 
Minnie  Moellenberg, 
Luella  Odell, 
George  Perry, 
Minnie  Redding, 
George  Ridenour, 
Clara  Spielbusch, 
James  B.  Sherwood, 
Mary  West, 
Alim  Wheelock, 
Hattie  Week, 

Nettie 


Mary  Baker, 
Albert  Barker, 
V/illiam  Cole, 
Clara  Elkington, 
Belle  Granger, 
Irving  B.  Hiett, 
Perry  Keen, 
Mary  Long, 
Louisa  McMillan. 
Grace  Nort, 
Mary  Phillips, 
Edward  Parsons, 
Fred.  Rundell, 
Eva  M.  Scott, 
Luella  Swain, 
Julia  Tanner, 
Eva  M.  Wilson, 
Perry  Waite, 
Carrie  Woods, 
Whitton. 


CLASS  OP   1881. 


Julia  Babcock, 
Ada  Bigelow, 
Minnie  Blass, 
Addie  Bond, 
Kate  Brainard, 
Lilian  Clark, 
William  Ca.se, 
Ella  Dallet, 
Minnie  Dodge, 
Hattie  Frankeberger, 
Luella  Gilbert, 
Alice  Gunn, 
Maggie  Holly 
William  Keen, 
Anna  Morse, 
Anna  Odell, 
Lottie  Raymond, 
Prentice  Rood, 
Nora  Sherwood, 
William  Warner, 
John  B.  Uhl, 


Nellie  Balfe, 
Stella  Black, 
Gertrude  Boake, 
Lou  Bachelder, 
William  Barkdull, 
Alice  Cuddeback. 
Charles  A.  Cottrell, 
Mar}-  Denison, 
Lily  Donnelly, 
Maggie  Cassaway, 
Mary  Gross, 
Kate  Hubbard, 
Fred.  Haviland, 
Gertie  Lampman, 
Anna  McCabe, 
Alice  Otis, 
George  Rogers, 
Annie  Scott, 
Gertie  Waehenheimer, 
Elisha  Southard, 
Ella  Young. 


CLASS  OF  1SS2. 


Jennie  Black, 
Mary  Brayne, 
Lizzie  Burnap, 
Louise  Ford, 
Nellie  Lenderson, 
Mary  Rood, 
Lizzie  Schiller, 
Jessie  Wood, 
Jennie  Hayes, 
Charles  Bellman, 
Herbert  Fitch, 
Eugene  Larimore, 
George  Squires, 
Will  Vogel, 


Fannie  Boake, 
Zula  Bright, 
Sadie  Feathcrstone, 
Anna  Koehler, 
Ella  Marx, 
Jennie  Russell, 
Libba  Taylor, 
Emma  Myers,  _ 
Susie  Cannefl, 
Elmer  Engelhardt, 
Charles  Koch, 
Albert  Masters, 
Jay  Tillinghast, 
George  Jackson. 


PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 


623 


CLASS   OF   1883. 


Adclie  M.  Anderson, 
Chloe  Bedortbii, 
Anna  S.  Brailey, 
Mary  R.  Calkins, 
May  C.  Fraser, 
Jessie  Featlierstone, 
Nettie  G.  Gillette, 
Lizzie  Heiming, 
Fannie  Harnit, 
Giva  Keeler, 
Stephanie  Marx, 
Florence  Marsh, 
Anna  Parker, 
Grace  Stainthorpe, 
Daisy  Whitney, 
M.  H.  Burgert, 
Milo  Melchers, 
Judd  Richardson, 

Albert 


Florence  L.  Bearaer. 
Belle  Bangs, 
Alice  A.  Cooke, 
Alice  P.  Dennison, 
Mary  Featherstone, 
Rebecca  Gitskey, 
Lizzie  Gerkins, 
Minnie  F.  Holbrook, 
Susie  Haviland, 
Mary  Loftus, 
Josie  McLyman, 
Annie  Normanton, 
Mary  L.  Pratt, 
Nettie  Williams, 
Maria  Waite, 
Robert  Evans, 
Chas.  Roulet, 
Lyman   Wachenheimer, 
S.  Waite. 


CLASS   OK    1884. 


Cora  Baird, 
Nellie  Bickel, 
Florence  Bodwell, 
Louise  Corlett, 
Rachel  Dallet, 
Delia  Dallet, 
Dollie  Fisher, 
Clara  Hay, 
Grace  Jones, 
Susie  Love. 
Daisy  Lorenz, 
Minnie  Pheatt, 
Jessie  Purncy, 
Jessie  West, 
Fred.  Brown, 
Charles  Haviland, 
Ed.  Kirk, 


Sarah  Beatty, 
Lottie  Black, 
Bridget  Ca.ssidy, 
Jennie  Cook, 
Mabel  Daniels, 
liaura  Hitchcock, 
Mabel  Hamm, 
Libbie  Keith, 
Belle  Lawton, 
Josie  Miner, 
Jennie  Vallette, 
Minnie  Valentine, 
Annie  Wuerfel, 
Frank  Cooke, 
Fred.  Kirkby, 
Irwin  Millard, 
George  Trost. 


CLASS  OF  1885. 


Alta  Bortree, 
Carrie  Blank, 
Anna  Berdan, 
May  Coon, 
Etha  Daiber, 
Mary  Eldridge, 
Grace  Gilford, 
Carrie  Hahn, 
Jennie  Jones, 
Frances  Lloyd, 
Grace  McJIahon, 
Emily  Normanton, 
Irene  Remelsbecker, 
Kate  Swigart, 
Frank  Baldwin, 
Henry  Eberth, 
Louis  Metzger, 
Otto  Marx, 
John  Raymond, 
Joseph  Uhl, 

I.,aura 


Kate  Bair, 
Emih'  Bellman, 
Lillie  Bramwell, 
Eva  Caldwell, 
Tillie  Ecker, 
Nellie  Flanagan, 
Grace  Hallaran, 
Grace  Harding, 
Susie  Knight, 
Angle  Lownsbury. 
Bertha  Melvin, 
Anna  Radbone, 
Dora  Rosenthal, 
Lily  Thrift, 
Frank  Chapman. 
Elliott  Hunt, 
C.  McKecknie, 
Zebbie  Pheatt, 
Will  Slevin, 
George  Waite, 
Whitney. 


CLASS  OF   1886. 


Gussie  Acklin, 
Sadie  Adelsperger, 
Florence  Case, 
Jessie  Cully, 
Nettie  Cunningham, 
Grace  Cary, 
Laura  Cober, 
Mittie  Campbell, 
Mildred  Conlisk, 
Maude  Davis, 
Hattie  Dustin, 
Mabel  Fassett, 
Kittie  Fish, 


Fannie  Merrell, 
Nettie  Marker, 
Mary  McGuire, 
Laura  Raitz, 
Stella  Richardson 
Kate  Sullivan, 
Lutie  Schaal, 
(jrace  Skeldon, 
Alice  Wagner, 
Myrtle  Whitney, 
Byron  Case, 
Carl  Knights, 
Myron  Martin, 


Grace  Gordon, 
Susie  Ilormel, 
Belle  Irvine, 
Mamie  Janes, 
Hatttie  Morlock, 
Minnie  Marker, 
Carrie  Morgan, 


Tracy  Macgregor, 
Charles  Gswald, 
Charles  Pheatt, 
Will  Smith, 
Elliott  Talmadge, 
Harrv  Wachter, 
Oliver  Hiott, 
Clara  [Alillard. 

CLASS  OP  1887. 


Nellie  Bash, 
Lettie  Brewer, 
Nettie  Deither, 
Clara  Dennison, 
Minnie  Hales, 
Mamie  Huston, 
Emily  Packer, 
Kate  Sheahan, 
Anna  Taylor, 
Jeannette  Atkinson, 
Ford  Belford, 
Frank  Bridgman, 
Charles  Fisher, 
Frank  Hull, 
Howard  Kitchen, 
Guido  Marx, 
Frank  Moore, 
Carl  Rogers, 
Edward  Ferris, 


Winnie  Bickel, 
Amelia  Bruksieker, 
Aggie  Dillon, 
Tina  Ecker, 
Jennie  Iluber, 
Emma  Lang, 
Jessie  Piatt, 
Marion  Smith, 
Alice  Waite, 
Hattie  Valentine, 
Herbert  Bissell, 
Joseph  Dallett, 
Richard  D.  Hollington, 
John  Hamlyn, 
Lynde  Kirtland, 
Ernest  Meissner, 
Burdge  Richardson, 
Carl  Wuerfel, 
Frank  Tracy. 


ALUMNI  ASSOCIATION. 

In  May,  186(),  at  a  meeting  of  graduates  the 
High  School  Alumni  Association  was  organ- 
ized, with  the  following  oificers :  President, 
W.  A.  C.  Converse ;  Vice  President,  Wm.  H.  H. 
Smith  ;  Secretary,  Emery  D.  Potter,  Jr. ;  Treas- 
urer, Wm.  Corlett ;  Executive  Committee, 
Mary  D.  Chase,  Caroline  Eaton  and  Mary  E. 
Eldridge. 

The  Association's  first  public  meeting  was 
held  June  21),  1867,  when  an  address  was  made  by 
Wm.  Baker,  Esq.,  an  original  poem  was  read 
by  John  L.  Johnston,  and  a  chronicle  by  Emer- 
son E.  Hasty.  W.  A.  C.  Converse  was  then 
re-elected  President ;  Libbie  Sawyer,  Vice 
President;  Geo.  F.  Colby,  Secretary;  and  Henry 
G.  Neubert,  Treasurer  ;  and  Eliza  Spencer,  W. 
H.  H.  Smith  and  Laura  A.  Parmelee  as  Execu- 
tive Committee.  In  December,  1867,  E.  D. 
Potter,  Jr.,  was  elected  President,  Mary  D. 
Chase  Secretary,  and  Ralph  H.  Waggoner  to 
.Executive  Committee.  Subsequently,  the  fol- 
lowing named  persons  were  elected  to  the  posi- 
tions named  ■  President,  W.  H.  H.  Smith  ; 
E.  B.  Hasty,  Wm.  Corlett,  B.  F.  Ritchie,  Lib- 
bie Sawyer,  Mary  Pomeroy,  Mrs.  S.  Waldron, 
Vice  Presidents;  Helen  Beach,  Secretary; 
Eliza  Spencer,  B.  F.  Ritchie,  Myron  H.  Parme- 
lee, Executive  Committee;  H.  G.  Neubert, 
Treasurer. 

Following  is  a  list  of  members  of  the  Higli 
School  who  served  their  country  in  the  War 
of  the  Rebellion,  those  marked  with  a  star  (*) 
having  been  graduated  from  that  School,  to  wit : 

W.  H.  H.  Smith*,  Class  of  1857,  Co.  H,  1st  O.  V.  A. 

Geo.  Duncan  Forsyth*,  185S  (shot  at  Libby  Prison, 
April  14,  1864). 

John  L.  Johnston*,  18,58,  84th;  O.  V.  I.  (died  at 
Louisville,  Ky.,  hospital). 


(>24 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Wiu.  Corlett*,  Co.  H,  1st  O.  V.  A. 

Joseph  F.  Fulton*,  1859  (killed  by  Mexican  ban- 
ditti in  Texas).  ^^    , 

Geo.  F.  Spencer*,  1860,  Co.  H,  O.  V.  A. 

Charles  J.  Swift*,  1860,  84th  O.  V.  I. 

John  A.  Waite*.  1860. 

Cyrus  W.  Br«ed,  1861,  U.  S.  Navy. 

John  J.  Hunker*,  1861,  U.  S.  Navy. 

Andrew  J.  Wales*  1862,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Emerv  D.  Potter*,  Jr.,  1862,  84th  O.  V.  I. 

W.  Hunt  Walbridge*,  1862. 

Spencer  L.  Fraser*,  1863,  84th  O.  V.  1. 

H.  Burton  Taylor*,  1864,  84th  0.  V.  I. 

George  McCracken,  killed  at  Cleveland,  Tenn. 

Wilbur  F.  Arnold,  18th  U.  S.  I.,  died  at  Fort  Ring- 
gold, in  Texas,  1867. 

Robert  Bliven. 

Ed.  F.  Browne,  Navy. 

Robert  L.  Chamberlin,  Geo.  Farley,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Charles  Hamblin,  14th  U.  S. 

Ralph  H.  Waggoner,  Geo.  Hazlett,  130th  O.  V.  I. 

James  Brownlee*,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

George  M.  Ballard,  67th   O.  V.  I.  (killed  at  Ber- 
muda, 1864). 

Mason  Cressy,  14th  0.  V.  I.  (killed  at  Chicka- 
ruauga). 

E.  Williams,  Wm.  P.  Gardner,  9th  O.  V.  C. 

Orlin  S.  Hayes,  lllth  0.  V.  I. 

Henry  Raymond,  84th  O.  V.  I. 

Romayne  R.  Rogers,  14th  O.  V.  I. 

Theo.  Sawyer,  27th  O.  V.  I.  (killed  at  Dallas,  Ga.) 

W.  Hunt  Walbridge,  84th  0.  V.  I.  (died  in  Chi- 
cago.) 

Wm.  Murphy,  1st  O.  V.  A. 

James  Harris,  Frank  Y.  Commager,  John  Dennis, 
Nicholas  B.  Eddy,  1st  O.  V.  A. 

Amos  Minor,  2.5th  O.  V.  I.  (killed  at  Bull  Run.) 
Wm.  E.  Parmelee,  Jr.,  1st  O.  V.  A. 

C.  H.  Raines  and  Hamilton  C.  Colton,  84th  O.  V.  I. 
(latter  died  at  Cumberland,  Md.) 

Clarence  Morris,  Lst  0.  V.  A. 

D.  Moonev,  Ralph  Osborn,  84th  O.  V.  I. 
Chas.  N.  Steven.s,  84th  and  128th  O.  V.  I. 
Theo.  Ballard,  67th  0.  V.  I. 

Cecil  A.  Hall,  1st  0.  V.  A. 
Fred.  B.  Shoemaker,  130th  0.  V.  I. 
A.  H.  Wood,  14th  0.  V.  I. 
Evander  Hamilton,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Henry  G.  Neubert,  14th  0.  V.  I. 
Frank  McCord,  1st  O.  V,  A. 
R.D.  Barker,  John  G.  Averv,  14th  O.  V.  1. 
J.  Wolcott,  67th  0.  V.  I. 
Jacob  Pfanner,  84th  O.  V.  I. 
Chas.  Chesebro,  25th  New  Jersey. 
Theo.  J.  Curtis,  67th  O.  V.  I.  (died  in  1874.) 
M.  H.  Parmelee,  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Walter  B.  Kirk,  14th  O.  V.  I.  (killed  at  Jonesboro, 
Ga.,  1864.) 


Name  of  School  Name  of  Priueipal. 

St.  John's(German  Lutheran) Rev.  C.  Beckel. 

St.  Joseph's  (Catholic) Rev.  Louis  Braire. 

St.  Louis  (Catholic) Louisa  St.  Denis. 

St.  Lucas  (German) 

St.  Mark's  (German) Rev.  Carl  Huebner. 

St.  Mary's  (German  Catholic)  

St.  Patrick's  Academy Rev.  E.  Hannin. 

St.  Paul's  Lutheran 

St.  Peter's  (German  Catholic).. Rev,  P.  Donneuhoffer. 

St.  Peter's  (German  Lutheran) Wm.  Distel. 

Select  School Miss  L.  S.-Battelle. 

The  "Best"  Short  Hand  School J.  W.  Melchior. 

Toledo  Business  College M.  H.  Davis. 

The  Misses  Smead's  School  for  Girls__ 

Misses  Marian,  Mary  E.  and  Caroline  L.  Smead. 

Toledo  Industrial  School Mrs.  N.  M.  Landis. 

Trinity  School 

Ursuline  Convent 

In  the  Autumn  of  1884,  The  Misses  Smead's 
School  for  Girls  was  opened  in  Toledo,  under 
the  management  of  Misses  Marian,  Mary  E.  and 
Caroline  L.  Smead,  previously  with  the  Bryan 
School,  Batavia,  New  York.  The  branches 
taught  were  English,  Mathematics,  Latin, 
French,  German,  Science,  Music,  Drawing  and 
Painting.  For  three  years,  the  School  occu- 
pied buildings  in  the  First  Ward  of  the  City. 
In  1887,  what  is  known  as  the  "Fitch  Place," 
the  former  residence  of  Judge  John  Fitch,  on 
Woodruif,  near  Ashland  Avenue,  was  taken 
for  its  use. 

In  September,  1884,  Mr.  J.  W,  Melchior 
opened  in  Toletio  a  School  for  teaching  short- 
hand writing,  which  is  known  as  "  The  '  Best' 
Short-hand  School."  The  system  mainly  pur- 
sued is  Pitman  &  Graham's  Standard  Pho- 
nography;  while  Cross's  Eclectic  System  is 
taught,  if  desired.  The  chief  object  sought,  is 
the  preparation  of  pujjils  for  service  in  the 
various  departments  of  business  and  the  pro- 
fessions. In  this,  the  School  has  met  with 
success,  large  numbers  of  its  graduates,  of  both 
sexes,  now  being  in  positions  of  usefulness  and 
profit. 

TOLEDO  BOARD  OF  EDUCATION. 


The  election  for  members  of  the  Board  occurs 
in  April,  annually,  a  portion  being  chosen  each 
year.     The  following  is  a  list  of  members  ot 
the  Board  of  Education  for  the  years  named, 
CHURCH  AND  PRIVATE  SCHOOLS.  to  wit: 

Following  is  a  list  of  Church   and  Private  1819.  Ira  L.  Clark,  President ;  Decius  Wadsworth, 

Schools  in  Toledo  in  1887  :  Secretary ;    Simeon   Fitch,  Jr     Treasurer;    John  P. 

Freeman,  S.  B.  Scott,  Morgan  L.  C'olhns. 

Name  of  School.                                 Name  of  Principal.  1850.  S.  B.  Scott,  President ;  D.  Wadsworth,  Sec- 

Froebel   Kindergarten Miss  M.  E.  Law.  retary;  S.  Fitch,  Jr.,  Treasurer;  J.  P.  Freeman,  M. 

Good  Shepherd Rev.  T.  P.  McCarthy.  L.Collins,  David  Smith.     (Mavor  Brigham  and   Dr. 

Immaculate  Conception P.  S.  Garraghan.  Jacob  Clark,  vice  Messrs.  Freeman  and  Wadsworth.) 

Lutheran  Trinity 1851.  S.   B.  Scott,    President;    Alex.   Henderson, 

Manual  Training  School Ralph  H.  Miller.  Secretary;  S.   Fitch,  Jr.,  Treasurer;    M.  L.  Collins, 

Ohio  Business  University Edmund  J.  H.  Duncan.  Jacob  Cfark,  C.  VV.  Hill. 

Sacred  Heart  (German) 1852.  S.  B.  Scott,  President ;  Ezra  Bliss,  Secretary'; 

Salem,  Lutheran Rev.  G.  F.  Rausch.  M.  L.Collins,  Treasurer;    Alex.  Henderson,  C.  W. 

St.  Anthony's  (Polish) Rev.  Orzechowski.  Hill,  John  Fitch. 

St.  Francis  de  Sales John  Byrne.  1853.  Ezra  Bliss,  President ;    S.  Fitch,  Jr.,  Secre- 

St.  Hedwig's  (Polish) Franciscan  Sisters.  tary  ;  S.  B.  Scott,  Treasurer ;  Alex.  Henderson,  C.  W. 

St.  John's  (Lutheran) C.  Prottengeier.  Hill,  John  Fitch. 


PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 


625 


1887.  Members— Thomas  Temple,  Joab  Squire,  H. 
D.  Pierce,  Chas.  Zirwas,  Franklin  Hubbard,  Barton 
Smith,  R3'nehold  Opitz,  Bernard  H.  Broer.  Presi- 
dent, Chas.  Zirwas.  Treasurer.  R.  Opitz.  Superin- 
tendent, Harvey  W.  Compton.  Clerk,  H.  W.  Corap- 
ton.  Assistant  Clerk,  Lizzie  King.  Superintendent 
of  Buildings,  Henry  Conrad. 

The  Presidents  of  the  Board  of  Education 
have  been  as  follows  : 

Ira  L.  Clark 1849 

Samuel  B.  Scott 1850-52 

Ezra  Bliss . 18.53-.54 

Charles  W.  Hill 1855-77 

David  H,  Commager 1878-80 

Wesley  S.  Thurstin . 1881 

Svmmes  H.  Bergen 1882 

D.  H.  Commager 1883 

Charles  Zirwas 1884  and  1887 

Franklin  Hubbard 1885 

John  C.  Rike 1886 

SCHOOL    BOOKS. 

The  following  catalogue  of  text  books  used 
in  1859,  will  indicate  something  of  the  course 
of  instruction  then  pursued: 

Primary  Dep.vrtment— Arithmetic,  Stoddard's 
Juvenile;  Dictionary,  Webster's;  Geography,  Mon- 
teith's  No.  1 ;  C)rthography,  Wright's ;  Primer,  Mc- 
Guffey's ;  Physiology,  Miss  Beecher's  Calisthenic 
Exercises;  Readers,  McGJuffey's  1,  2,  3  ;  Spellers,  Mc- 
Guffey's;  Moral  Les.sons,  Cowdery's. 

Second.\ry  Dep.^rtment — Arithmetic,  Stoddard's 
Juvenile  and  Intellectual,  and  Uavies'  New  Com- 
mon School;  Dictionary,  AVebster's;  Geography 
Monteith's  No.  ?>,  and  Fitch's  Mapping  Plates  ;  Cirara- 
raar  (Cierman),  Ahn's;  Orthography,  Wright's; 
Physiology,  Miss  Beecher's  Calisthenic  Exercises ; 
Readers,  McCxuffey's  3,  4 ;  Speller,  McGuffey's. 

Geamm.vr  Department — Arithmetic,  Stoddard's 
Intellectual  and  Davies'  NeW'  Common  School ;  Dic- 
tionary, Webster's ;  Geography,  McNally's,  and 
Fitch's  Mapping  Plates;  Grammar  (English)  Clark's, 
(German)  Ahn's;  Orthography,  Wright's;  Physi- 
ology, Miss  Beecher's  Calisthenic  Exercises;  Read- 
ers, "McGuffey's  4,  5  ;  Speller,  McGuffey's. 

High  School  Department — Arithmetic,  Davies' 
University;  Algebra,  Davies'  Elementary  and  Robin- 
son's University  Edition ;  Astronomy,  Comstock's ; 
Analysis  (English),  Ricard  &  Orcut's  Sel.  Prose  and 
Poetry;  Anabasis  (Xenophon's),  Crosby's  Edition; 
Arnold's  1st  and  2d  Latin  Book,  and  Latin  and 
Gireek  Prose  Composition  ;  Botany,  Wood's ;  Book- 
keeping, Mayhew  ;  Chemistry,  Youmans' ;  Cicero's 
Select  Orations,  Folsom's  Edition  ;  Dictionary,  Web- 
ster's ;  Geometry,  Davies'  Legendre ;  Geology,  St. 
John's ;  Geography,  Fitch's  Physical ;  Grammar, 
Andrews  &  Stoddard's  Latin,  Crosby's  Greek,  Ahn's 
and  Woodbury's  German  ;  Greek  Lessons,  Crosby's; 
History — United  States,  C.  A.  Goodrich's,  Universal, 
Worcester's;  English,  Goldsmith's;  Natural,  Paley's; 
Philosophy  of  Natural,  Smellie's ;  Cfreek  Lexicon, 
Liddell  &  Scott's ;  Latin  Lexicon,  Andrews'  and 
Leverett's ;  Logic,  VVhately's ;  Philosophy,  Parker's 
Natural,  Wayland's  Moral,  Upham's  Mental ; 
Physiology,  Cutter's  and  Miss  Beecher's  ;  Readers, 
McGuffey's  5th  and  6th,  and  Andrews  &  Stoddard's 
Latin;  Rhetoric,  Boyd's;  Sallust,  Andrews';  Sur- 
veying, Davies' ;  Virgil,  Cooper's. 


In  his  rejjort  for  1858,  President  Hill  called 
attention  to  the  fact,  that  the  High  School  fur- 
nished equal  privileges  to  the  two  sexes ;  and 


in  contrast  therewith,  cited  tlie  case  of  New 
York  City,  which  had  a  boasted  Free  Academy 
for  Boys,  but  no  High  School  for  Girls.  He 
also  referred  to  the  High  School  of  Philadel- 
phia, organized  in  1838,  with  no  provision  of 
that  sort  for  Girls.  Boston's  High  School,  es- 
tablished in  1821,  was  solely  for  the  male  sex 
until  1855  ;  while  Chicago  had  no  such  provi- 
sion for  Girls  until  1856.  On  the  contrary,  at 
the  very  outset  of  Toledo's  vSchool  system, 
equality  in  sex  was  recognized  and  provided 
for — a  fact  worthy  of  special  record. 

"  The  Coronation  of  the  Rose,  as  (^uecn  of 
Flowers,"  was  presented  in  High  School  Hall, 
Toledo,  under  the  direction  of  Professor  L).  S. 
Grossman,  Teacher  of  Music,  Ma}'  9,  18(J2.  The 
programme  was  about  as  follows  : 

The  chorus,  "  We  are  the  Flowers,"  was  sung  by 
40  young  ladies,  each  dressed  with  reference  to  the 
flower  she  represented.  Mrs.  C.  O.  Brigham  (now 
deceased)  and  Miss  Sophie  Hill  furnished  piano  music. 
The  Recluse  was  personated  by  Prof.  Grossman.  The 
solos  were  as  follows  ;  Rose — Maggie  Laughlin  ;  Lily 
— Carrie  R.  Waggoner;  Crocus — CoraScott;  Dahlia- 
Maria  Woodruff;  Heliotrope— Sarah  Yardley;  Mignon- 
ette— Nellie  Eeith  ;  Japonica — Mary  WUliams  ;  Sun- 
flower--Sophie  Commager  ;  Violet — Julia  Scott ;  Tu- 
lip— Josephine  Williams;  Hollyhock— Mary  Bluff"; 
Dandelion — Sarah  Koch  ;  Touch-me-not  —  Emma 
Parmelee. 

Tlie  Nightingale  was  represented  by  a  flute.  Up- 
wards of  30  '•  Heather  Bells"  were  on  the  persons  of 
as  man}-  little  niLsses  dressed  in  white,  who  "  came 
from  the  hill  side  "  to  aid  in  the  coronation. 

Miss  Martha  Eastman,  one  of  the  most  suc- 
cessful instructors  of  the  Public  Schools,  having 
resigned  such  position,  left  Toledo  for  Califor- 
uia,''in  Maj*,  1862.  Subsequently  she  was  mar- 
ried in  that  State,  where  she  died. 

Of  2,000  enrolled  pupils  of  the  Toledo  Public 
Schools  for  year  ended  September  1,  1857,  but 
six  died  ;  as  did  the  same  number  during  the 
preceding  year. 

The  first  female  School  Examiner  for  Lucas 
County,  was  Miss  Henrietta  P.  Ainger  (now 
Mrs.  W.  T.  Ridenour),  who  was  appointed  as 
such  in  May,  1870. 


SCHOOL  STAl'ISTICS. 

The  first  School  Reports  for  Lucas  County 
were  those  of  183G,  when  returns  were  made 
for  the  several  Townships.  These  included 
Districts  Nos.  2  and  3,  Port  Lawrence,  the 
first  then  having  54  and  the  latter  65  scholars. 
District  No.  1  made  no  report. 

At  the  same  time  other  Districts  in  the 
County  reported  as  follows : 

Waynesfiei.d— District  No.  1 78  Scholars. 

"  "  2     _  _     293        " 

"  "  .'!.'.I_lll03 

"  "  4 60 

5 41 

Total 575 


626 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


AVaterville -District  No.  1 131  Scholars. 

2 54 

Total 1«5        " 

Swan  Creek  and  Wing— District  No.  1  -  35  Scholars. 

Total  return  for  the  County 914        " 

The  amounts  of  moneys  collected  for  School 
purposes  in  the  County  in  1836,  were  as  follows : 

Port  Lawrence  Township $365.64 

Wavncsfield 212.87 

Waterville 33.27 

Swan  Creek  and  Wing 8.37 

Sylvania 5.53 

York 1.00 

Total  collections $626.68 

The  following  were  the  returns  of  children 
and  youth  entitled  to  school  privileges  within 
the  County  of  Lucas,  in  1840,  and  in  1850,  to 
wit: 

1840.  1850. 

Port  Lawi'ence 330        1,316 

Waynesfield 420            817 

Waterville 205           40li 

Sylvania 20S           302 

Wing* 41            136 

Swan  Creek* 151 

Springfield 183            355 

Providence 64             166 

York* 160 

Clinton* 153 

Gorham* 112 

Chesterfield* 116 

Rovalton* 125 

Amboy* 179 

Gorliam* 146 

Oregon 75            166 

Richfield 96            147 

Spencer 128 

Washington 280            450 

Manhattan 166            204 

Total  for  the  Countv 3,190        3,()43 

*Set  of}"  to  Fulton  County  in  1850. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of 
youth  in  Toledo  entitled  to  .School  privileges ; 
the  number  of  colored  children  in  the  City; 
the  tuimber  of  the  latter  in  Scliool ;  the  total 
enrollment  of  Schools;  average  attendance; 
and  number  of  Teachers  employed.  1850  to 
1858,  inclusive;  and  also,  like  statistics  for 
1887: 


Vf-ar. 


1850. 
1861. 
185-2 
1853 
18.54 
1855 
1856 
1857 
1858 
1S87 


CO 


CQ  ^ 


1010 
1858 
1318 
1854 
2122 
2954 
3101 
.3078 
3044 
34500 


26 

'".37 
25 

49 
68 
71 


s  9 


27 
30 
34 
32 
32 
31 


SI 


682 
735 
628 
1039 
1318 
1301 
1609 
1893 
1944 
9370 


=«5 


SB 


510 
400 

'643 
914 
1113 
1078 
1024 
7167 


5  g. 

Si 


8 
9 
10 
12 
14 
19 
20 
27 
27 
189 


The  total  receipts  and  disbursements  for  the 
Public  Schools  from  1850  to  1858,  inclusive, 
wei'e  as  follows : 

BeceipU.  Disbursements. 

1850 $1,178  63  $347  15 

1851 8,595  81  7,607  36 

1852 11,92119  10,066  86 

1853 11,722  30  10,484  00 

1854 36,507  52  31,.-)00  53 

1855 28,118  37  34,330  35 

1856 .30,506  86  24,648  78 

1857 15,494  34  19,589  02 

18.58 16,340  36  13,08145 


Totals  for  9  years $160,385  38        $152,2.5."  .50 

As  will  probably  be  understood,  the  larger 
amounts  expended  during  seven  years,  included 
payments  for  buildings. 

The  following  is  a  statement  of  disburse- 
ments for  support  of  the  Toledo  Public  Schools 
for  the  year  ending  April  5,  1858: 

Paid  Superintendent  and  Teachers $10,898  .59 

For  telegraphing  and  contingent  expen.ses.  31  71 

For  brooms,  mats,  cups,  .scrapers,  pails,  &c. 

For  books,  stationery  and  ])rinting 

For  water-cooler  for  High  School 

For  taking  enumeration  of  youth 

For  moving  Colored  School  House 

For  repairing  and  casing  High  School  clock 

For  keeping  same  in  order  1  year 

For  repairs  on  Higli   School  grounds  and 

Unclassified  School, 

For  stoves,  chairs,  pipe  and  repairs  of  stoves 

For  posting  books  and  copying 

For  lime  for  vaults 

For  repairs  of  furniture 

For  Janitors'  salaries  and  care  of  houses__ 
For  fuel — coal  and  wood  and    preparing 

same 

For  interest  to  Ketcham,  Berdan  &  Co.  on 

money  borrowed  to  pay  teachers 


103 

1)8 

140 

81 

8  00 

33 

20 

35 

00 

25  00 

25  00 

133 

67 

135  44 

20  00 

10  00 

32 

25 

693 

/  / 

792  (;3 


88  78 


Total  disbursements $12,707  53 

The  estimated  expenditure  for  the  following  year 
amounted  to  $15,207.50. 

The  statement  of  disbursements  for  the  year 
ending  August  31,  1887,  showed  a  total  ex- 
penditure "of  $175,832.13.  Of  this  amount, 
|i05, 084.94  was  for  salaries  of  Teachers,  Super- 
intendent, Clerk,  Janitors  and  Superintendent 
of  buildings;  $32,938.29  for  imjirovement,  fur- 
niture and  repairs';  and  $6,017.35  for  miscella- 
neous expenses. 

In  1858  the  City  owned  eight  buildings  for 
School  purjjoses,  to  wit: 


BniLDING. 

Size. 

33x53 
:33x53 
60x94 
22x50 
56x102 
25x45 
34x64 
23x46 

Sooms. 

Matenal. 

BuiU. 

Vaive. 

Superior  St.  (207). 
Illinois  Street-. _ 
Lagrange  Street . 

Unclassified 

High  School 

Yondota 

Whittlesey  Street 
Colored  School.. 

6 
8 

13 
3 

26 
4 
8 
3 

Brick. 

Wood. 
Brick. 
Wood. 
Brick. 
Wood. 

1850 
18.50 
1852 
1853 
1854 
1855 
1858 
1856 

$  6,500 

800 

14,000 

750 

50,000 

3,400 

10,500 

1,4.50 

Totals 

"1 

$87,400 

PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 


627 


At  this  time  (November,  1887),  there  are  26 
School  buildings,  with  176  rooms,  besido  20 
rooms  in  the  Manual  Training  building; 
making  a  total  of  196  rooms.  Following  is  a 
list  of  School  buildings  in  use,  with  cost  of_ 
same  to  August  31,  1887: 


Central  . 

$109,981  58 

74,972  64 

32,813  72 

43,213  11 

.      56,024  9(> 

.      50,623  85 

57,330  86 

26,880  01 

46,294  71 

.      10,238  28 

.      24,006  16 

45,353  25 

45,635  48 

45,329  72 

32,999  84 

12,. 337  76 

15,042  86 

849  42 

4,203  38 

177  28 

4,336  44 

896  71 

4,929  18 

1.063  06 

Erie  School..  .   _ 

Lagrange 

Stickiiev 

Washington 

Illinois 

Nebraska 

Nebraska  Annex 

South.       .        _-  

-- 

.... 

.... 

.... 

East  Toledo 

Broadway  _     _. 

Warren        .     . .     .  _ 

St.   Clair.     ...     .     _ 

Hoag       ..   _- 

Southeast  Toledo.     . 

Brown's  Addition 

North    Toledo 

Manhattan.     ._     .. 

Parkland  ._       

Junction.         _.  _     . 

Walbridge    ...     .  . 

Ironville      .. 

*Howland  (East  Tole 

do) 

*Tremainesville  —     . 





-- 

Total  cost 

$756,534  38 
tension  of  the 

•  Became  the  property  of  the  Board  by  the  ex 
City  limits. 

REPORT   FOB    1887. 

S  s 

^1 
a; 

16 
29 
52 

77 
5 
1 

189 

1 

g, 
a; 

323 

676 

1,335 

2,593 

4,259 

184 

282 

568 

1,124 

2.052 

3,014 

117 

a 

97 
96 
95 
91 
89 
85 

.2 

Isi 

^^ 

40 

36 
39 
39 
40 
23 

1 

si 

4 

209 
459 
615 

1.8T0 

3,570 

156 

i| 

i« 

^1 
41 

210 
371 

837 

1,3.39 

1,862 

74 

^1 

11 

High  School* 

35 

Grammar  Schools 

Intermediate  Schools  — 

Secondary  Schools 

Primary  Schools    

107 
172 
638 
340 

22 

Totals    -. 

9,370 

7,157 

- 

6,8?9 

4,693 

1,214 

"  Also  two  Special  Teachers  in  High  and  Grammar  Schools. 

The  ages  of  pupils  in  Toledo  Public  Schools 
in  the  j'ear  1887,  were  as  follows  : 


Age. 

Boys. 

Girls. 

Total. 

T08 

476 

556 

556 

540 

475 

441 

4'i3 

276 

131 

lOT 

48 

14 

1 

4 

1 

4,766 

709 

483 

506 

518 

496 

444 

439 

330 

2.5.5 

210 

128 

52 

35 

8 

1 

1,417 
954 

7    "      

8    " 

1,062 

9    " 

1,074 

1,036 

919 

10    "      

11     "       

12     "       

880 

13    "      .  , 

753 

14    "       

S30 

15    "       

:!41 

16  " 

17  ■•       

235 
100 

18    "      

49 

19     "       

9 

20    "        

5 

25     "       

1 

Totals 

4,614 

9,370 

The  number  of  ]iiipils  of  different  ages  en- 
tering Junior  Primary  grade  as  beginners,  is  as 
follows:  1,207  were  6  years  old;  115,  7;  51, 
8  ;   12,  9;  :5,  10;  1  was  11,  and  1  was  12. 

The  youngest  pupils  in  the  High  School 
were  13  years  old  (a  boj'  and  a  girl);  the 
youngest  in  Junior  Grraniinar  (one  boy  and 
four  girls),  11  years  old;  the  youngest  in  the 
Junior  Intei'mediate  (a  girl),  nine  years  old. 
The  oldest  in  .lunior  Secondary  (a  girl),  18; 
tiie  oldest  in  Ungraded  School  (a  girl),  16  years. 

STATE  STATISTICS. 

A.  D.  Lord,  S.  S.  Riclcley  and  H.  II.  Barney, 
Committee  of  the  Ohio  Teachers'  Association, 
in  April,  1849,  made  a  report  to  Samuel  (iallo- 
way.  Secretary  of  Stati'  and  Superintendent  of 
Public  Schools,  in  which  were  set  forth  the 
views  of  that  organization  on  the  condition  and 
needs  of  the  State  in  respect  to  education. 

After  brief  statement  of  existing  conditions 
and  consequent  needs,  the  (lommittee  go  on  to 
state  the  nature  and  advantages  of  the  Union 
School  system;  its  adaptedness  to  the  wants  of 
different  communities;  expense  of  its  adoption, 
etc.  In  that  connection,  some  figures  were 
given  of  current  expenses  of  Schools,  whicii  will 
be  of  interest  under  the  changed  conditions. 

The  salaries  then  paid  to  Female  Teachers, 
in  "well-regulated  Public  Schools,"  varied  from 
$2  to  $7  per  week.  In  Cleveland,  the  rates 
were  $2  to $5  per  week  ;  in  Columbus,  Primary 
Teachers  received  SI  GO  per  year,  and  Secondary 
S200;  in  Cincinnati, $192  to  $336;  and  in  Ma.s- 
sillon,  1200  to  $400.  In  Senior  or  Grammar 
Schools,  in  Columbus  and  Cleveland,  $4(10;  in 
Cincinnati,  1600.  The  salaiy  of  Pi'incipal  of 
High  School  in  Cleveland,  and  Superintendent 
in  Akron,  $500;  of  Principal  of  Union  School, 
Perrysburg,  and  of  the  Boys'  School,  Zanes- 
ville,  $600;  Supei'intendent  Public  Schools, 
Sandusky,  $700;  of  Principal  Massillon  Union 
School  and  Superintendent  at  Columbus,  $800; 
and  of  Principal  of  Central  School,  Cincinnati, 
$1,500— the  highest  in  the  list. 

The  average  price  of  annual  tuition  in  the 
Cleveland  Scliools,  in  1848,  was  $3.96;  in  Cin- 
cinati,  $7.00;  in  Massillon,  $6.00;  in  Public 
Schools  of  Philadelphia,  for  tuition,  books  and 
stationery,  $6.49.  In  20  Eastern  Cities,  the 
lowest  average  was  $5.66,  and  the  highest 
average  $14. (iO,  the  cost  in  Private  Schools 
being  two  to  three  times  that  in  Public  Schools. 
It  had  been  found  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  that  all 
the  children  of  that  (^ity  could  be  educated  tor 
$10,000  less,  in  tuition,  than  had  been  ])aid  for 
the  education  of  a  portion  of  them  in  I'rivate 
Schools,  and  in  Salem,  Mass.,  for  $13,000  less. 
It  was  facts  such  as  these,  then  so  strongly 
urged  upon  the  people  and  the  State  Legisla- 
ture by  the  Teachers'  Association,  that  mainly 
ojjerated  to  the  introduction  of  the  Union 
School  system  in  Ohio  soon  after  the  publica- 
tion of  the  above  mentioned  showing. 


fi2S 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Tlio  fdllowiiig  statistics  of  Cities  of  Ohio  having  a  population  in   1880  of  7,500   and  over,  are 
taken  from  the  report  for  that  year  of  the  United  States  Commissioner  of  Education  : 


s 


Akron |    16,512 

Canton '    12,258 

Cincinnati ;  255,130 

Cleveland ;  160,146 

Columbus 51,665 

Dayton 38,677 

Fremont 8,451 

Hamilton 12,122 

Ironton 8,857 

Mansfield j     9,859 

Newark 9,602 

Portsmouth ,    11,321 

Sanduskv '    15,838 

Springfield j    20,729 

Steubenville 12,003 

Titfin._.  7,879 

Toledo 50,143 

Zanesville 18,113 


cc 


4,719 

3,761 

87,618 

49,256 

14,662 

11,660 

2,358 

4,990 

2,720 

2,848 

3,715 

3,734 

6,166 

5,68£ 

4,373 

2,944 

14.898 

5,497 


,3 
o 
o 

8  o 

^  -PS 

II 


3,055 
2,627 
34,577 
24,262 
7,902 
5,902 
1,017 
2,020 
1,807 
1,905 
1,854 
2,150 
2,649 
2,683 
2,458 
1,315 
7,615 
3,103 


f^ 


■S" 


540 

450 

16,435 

10,056 

1,927 

1,701 

400 

1,000 

300 

220 

280 

200 

900 

800 

400 


2.000 
600 


7 

53 

41 

26 

13 

7 

5 

5 

6 

6 

7 

10 

8 

6 

5 

23 

18 


OB  CO 


2,927 
2,350 
36,.381 
20,416 
7,288 
6,149 
1,100 
2,000 
1,600 
2,148 
1,990 
1,970 
2,750 
2,733 
2,032 
1,456 
6,500 


,S  o 


&H 


S'S' 


56]  $105,000 

49  152,200 

529  2,000,000 

368  1,663,035 

132,  707,584 

346,700 

60,000 

125,000 

39,200 

140,500 

95,300 

180,000 

204,000 

119,819 

125,900 

30,000 

551,000 

175,000 


104, 
17 
23 
23 

34 
36 

38 

421 
44l 
33 
23! 
109 
62i 


t>3 


4.5 

5 

3.2 

4.7 

5.5 


t 

5 

2.88 

5 

5 

5 

7 

5.5 

4.5 

5.5 

6 

3.5 


V3 


.1*^: 


1^ 


$2,000 
1,.500 
3,500 
3,300 
3,000 
2,500 
2,000 
1,600 
1,200 
1,620 
1,6.50 
1,300 
2,000 
2,000 
1,600 
1,200 
2,000 
1,200 


$75,528 

39,056 

707,893 

386,638 

209,670 

151,818 

13,889 

34,513 

21,162 

26,346 

22,830 

31,397 

47,627 

48,364 

29,082 

18,365 

139,131 

49,467 


^1 


$15  83 

14  05 
22  29 
19  34 
21  63 

19  57 

20  26 
16  90 
13  09 

15  58 


15  00 
15  09 
18  71 
13  65 
17  .52 
15  31 
22  77 


Average  Expense  per  Scholar  for  the  Cities  named,  $17.44. 


COLOR  IN  THE  TOLEDO  SCHOOLS. 

As  already  stated,  distinction  of  race,  from 
the  first,  was  made  in  the  privileges  of  public 
in.structioii  in  Ohio,  as  in  most,  if  not  all,  other 
States  of  the  Union.  And  such  distinction 
was  chiefly  marked  by  the  severity  and  injus- 
tice of  its  bearing  upon  the  race  having  the 
proscribed  color.  This  was  the  policy  of  the 
State,  tixed  in  its  laws  and  made  obligatorj^ 
upon  all  communities  in  which  instruction 
should  be  given  under  autliority  of  law.  No 
"local  option"  or  other  form  of  escape  from 
such  unjust  requirement  was  allowed  in  anj- 
School  thus  established.  Hence,  in  accepting 
and  acting  upon  such  policy  of  wrong,  Toledo 
did  only  what  circumstances  made  inexorable. 
There  is  no  reason,  however,  to  suppose  that 
the  people  of  this  City,  in  that  respect,  were 
either  more  or  less  liberal  in  their  sentiment 
and  wishes,  than  were  the  average  of  com- 
munities in  the  North.  That  average  was 
sufficiently  severe  to  sustain  the  policy  then 
prevalent,  and  which  continued  to  prevail  until 
reversed  by  the  radical  change  in  Northern 
sentiment  brought  about  by  the  rebellion  and 
its  wonderful  results.  Very  gradually  the  popu- 
lar sentiment  in  this  City,  as  throughout  the 
Noi-th  after  the  close  of  the  War,  began  to  re- 
lax, and  a  more  considerate  feeling  became 
manifest.     But  it  w-as  slow. 

At  one  time  in  the  early  history  of  the  To- 
ledo School  system,  the  two  races  were  associ- 
ated in  the  Schools.  This,  however,  was  but  a 
condition  of  sufferance.     All  the  time,  the  law's 


of  the  State  maintained  the  right  of  any  parent 
or  guardian  of  a  white  scholar,  by  protest,  to 
drive  every  colored  child  from  the  Schools  and 
into  the  Streets ;  and  it  w^as  not  long  ere  such 
power  was  exercised,  and  the  proscribed  left 
without  School  privileges  of  any  sort.  In  time, 
however,  the  Board  of  Education  established  a 
School  for  the  blacks.  It  was  opened  in  the 
old  frame  building  on  Erie  Street,  which  in 
1835,  while  used  as  a  School-house,  was  made 
more  memorable  as  the  first  Court-house  of 
the  County.  It  was  illy  lighted  and  poorly 
supplied  with  facilities,  and  in  strong  contrast 
with  the  superb  provision  made  for  the  whites. 
The  location  was  not  central,  and  many  colored 
children  were  by  distance  denied  access  to  the 
School,  even  had  the  accommodations  been 
sufficient  for  them.  Into  this  one  building, 
were  gathered  such  pupils  as  were  able  to  gain 
admission — ranging  fi'om  the  minimum  of  law- 
ful age  to  adults.  In  1807,  with  200  to  300 
colored  children  of  School  age  in  the  City,  of 
whom  not  one  in  five  was  in  this  School,  the 
matter  of  better  provision  for  that  class  began 
to  be  discussed.  It  was  urged  u]ion  the  Board, 
bj'  both  colored  parents  and  many  white 
citizens,  that  either  colored  pupils  should  be 
admitted  to  the  other  Schools,  or  equality  in 
privilege  be  accorded  them  through  the  estab- 
lishment of  new  Schools.  The  question,  from 
time  to  time,  was  discussed,  ^iro  and  con.,  with 
increasing  advantage  to  the  cause  of  justice, 
until  the  Spring  of  1871,  when  the  public  sen- 
timent had  assumed  sufficient  strength  for  the 
right  to  make  itself  felt  in  the  choice  of  mem- 


PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 


629 


bers  of  the  Board  of  Education,  and  a  majority 
favorable  to  equality  in  Sciiool  jirivilegos,  was 
olitained  at  tho  animal  cloction  in  May,  1871. 
As  the  result  of  sueh  expression  of  iJopularaeii- 
tinieut,  the  Board  voted  to  remove  tho  bars  to 
eijuality  in  jirivileges,  and  at  the  opening  of 
the  next  School  year,  in  Sejjtember,  all  children 
of  Toledo,  for  the  first  time,  were  placed  upon 
a  par  as  to  rights  to  education.  From  the  first, 
the  new  policy  was  a  success.  The  long  de- 
barred race  at  once  vindicated  their  capacity- 
for  instruction;  while  the  almost  entire  har- 
mon}'  of  the  two  races  in  association,  proved 
the  fallacy  of  predictiong  that  such  attempt  at 
co-education  would  in  itself  be  a  failure,  while 
it  would  be  the  cause  of  disaster  to  the  School 
system.  So  far  from  this  latter  view  being 
correct,  it  was  shown  that  the  two  classes  of 
children  went  along  with  their  studies,  almost 
entirely  oblivious  of  race  or  caste.  It  was  soon 
found,  that,  as  from  the  first  predicted  by  the 
advocates  of  the  policy  of  equality,  that  such 
association  neither  made  the  white  child 
blacker  nor  the  black  child  whiter;  but  both 
better,  by  the  recognition  of  the  Fatherhood  of 
God  and  the  Brotherhood  of  Man,  on  which 
their  common  School  relations  were  based. 
Another  result  of  the  new  order  of  things  has 
been  seen  in  the  utter  disproof  of  the  theory  so 
actively  urged  against  the  policy  of  justice, 
that  such  co-education  would  lead  to  greater 
mixture  of  races  in  the  family  relation.  If 
there  has  since  been  any  change  in  that  respect, 
it  certainly  has  not  been  in  the  direction  pre- 
dicted. It  is  found  in  this  case,  as  in  all  others, 
that  the  recognition  of  equalit}'  in  the  rights 
and  privileges  of  citizenship,  in  no  way  tends 
to  the  practice  of  miscegenation,  so  confidently 
predicted  by  the  opponents  of  such  policy.  On 
the  contrarj%  the  result  has  fully  shown,  that 
while  thereby  the  subjects  of  former  oppression 
are  raised  in  the  scale  of  manhood,  their  late 
oppressors  are  brought  to  a  more  just  sense  of 
the  true  character  of  citizenship. 

It  is  deemed  proper  in  this  connection,  that 
the  action  of  the  Board  of  Education,  by  which 
the  bars  to  race  exclusion  in  the  management 
of  the  Toledo  Public  Schools  were  finally  re- 
moved, should  be  recorded  here.  It  was  taken 
June  2(3,  1871,  when  were  present  C.  W.  Hill 
(President),  Alonzo  Eogers,  Calvin  Cone,  Val- 
entine Braun,  Edward  Malone,  E.  V.  McMaken 
and  D.  Y.  Howell.  Messrs.  Eogers  and  Cone, 
a  majoi'ity  of  a  Select  Committee  on  the  subject 
of  education  of  colored  children,  made  report 
(Mr.  Howell,  as  a  ^minority,  dissenting)  as  fol- 
lows: 

We  find,  upon  examinatiou,  that  the  law  of  the 
State  relatii,,'  to  colored  children,  recites  as  follows : 
"  Directors  or  other  officers  of  Schools  having  author- 
ity in  the  premises  in  each  City  or  incorporated  Vil- 
lage, shall  be,  and  the  same  are  hereby  authorized 
and  required  to  establish  within  tlieir  respective 
jurisdictions,  one  or  more  separate  Schools  for  col- 
ored children,  when  the  whole  number  by  enumera- 


tion exceeds  20,  and  wlien  such  Schools  will  afTord 
tliem,  as  far  as  prai-tieahle,  the  advantages  and  priv- 
ileges of  a  Common  .School  education."  We  al.so  find, 
that  the  Intermediate  Scliool  is  the  highest  grade 
established  in  either  of  the  two  separate  Schools  for 
colored  children  now  under  control  of  this  Board; 
and  we  are  firmly  of  the  opinion,  that  tlie  present 
Schools  for  colored  children,  do  not  afford  such  chil- 
dren, as  far  as  |)racticable,  the  advantages  and  priv- 
ileges of  a  Connnon  School  education,  as  the  law 
clearly  contcnijilates  they  are  entitled  to  ;  nor  do  we 
think  it  practicable  to  establish  separate  Schools  for 
all  the  grades  of  this  class  of  children  :  therefore, 

Jiesoli'ed,  That  hereafter  the  colored  children  of 
tlie  City  shall  be  entitled  to  attend  any  of  the  Public 
Schools  (for  which  they  may  be  qualified),  in  the 
Wards  in  which  they  may  reside. 

Reiolved,  That  the  words,  "and  Colored  Schools," 
in  Article  'S,  Section  1,  of  the  By-Laws,  shall  be  re- 
pealed; also  the  whole  of  Section  1  in  Article  11. 

After  the  presentation  and  rejection  of  an 
amendment  looking  to  further  investigation 
into  the  needs  of  colored  children  for  further 
School  fiicilities,  to  a  modification  of  the  law  on 
the  subject,  and  to  a  careful  regard  for  the 
existing  public  sentiment  on  the  same,  the 
above  report  was  adopted,  ou  the  following 
vote:  Yea.s — Messrs.  Braun,  Cone,  McMaken 
and  Eogers.  ISIays — Messrs.  Hill,  Howell  and 
Malone.  The  eighth  member  of  the  Board 
(Matthew  Shoemaker),  then  absent,  was  un- 
derstood to  be  favorable  to  the  action  taken. 

In  publishing  such  action  by  the  Board  of 
Education,  the  Toledo  Commercial  said  : 

From  this  time  forward,  so  far  as  Toledo  is  oon- 
cerned,  the  road  to  knowledge  is  not  to  be,  as  hereto- 
fore, hedged  about  with  obstructions  and  dividing 
lines,  based  upon  prejudice  and  pride  of  race;  but  will 
be  open  to  the  free  and  unembarrassed  competition  of 
all  who  see  fit  to  enter.  The  little  one  will  not  here- 
alter  be  met  at  the  door  of  a  professedly  "  Free 
School,"  and  its  right  to  admission  subjected  to  the 
result  of  a  scientific  test,  to  decide  whether  or  not  the 
Almighty  has  placed  its  immortal  soul  within  a  skin 
of  "  regulation "  color.  The  great  and  crushing 
weight  of  proscribed  caste,  will  no  longer  rest  upon 
helpless  searchers  for  knowledge,  guilty  of  no  offense 
against  their  fellows,  save  the  fact,  that  they  are  as 
Go<l  made  them ;  and  the  other  fact,  that  He  did  not 
make  all  other  cldldren  like  them. 

EVENING  SCHOOLS. 

In  December,  1870,  a  series  of  Evening 
Schools  was  commenced  in  Toledo,  under  the 
superintendence  of  D.  F.  DeWolf,  Superin- 
tendent of  Public  Schools.  Sessions  for  free 
instruction  of  both  sexes  in  separate  rooms 
were  held  on  three  nights  of  each  week,  until 
March  17,  1871,  making  87  sessions.  The 
whole  attendance  was  384 — 301  males  and  74 
females;  average,  194.  Ages  of  pupils  ranged 
from  13  to  30  years — average  18  years. 

Teachers  in  Male  School— A.  T.  Stebbins,  E.  W. 
Lenderson  and  Guido  Marx,  Princi])als;  H.S.  Hol- 
loway,  Librarian ;  F.  E.  Seagrave,  Alice  Wagner, 
Clara  Marx,  Betty  Marx,  Katy  Welker,  Libbie  C. 
Williams,  August  Wollert,  Emma  I'owell,  Julia 
Carkener,  John  Klagg,  Avery  S.  Hill,  Ella  Beatty, 
Mary   Beatty,    Addison  White,    Belle    Young,  Alex. 


630 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Young,  R.  A.  Owens,  Sarah  Smith,  Thomas  Cone, 
Mary  Cone,  Josephine  Cook,  W.  S.  Jackson,  Ella 
Hall,  Anna  E.  Nicholas,  Antoinette  Nicholas,  W.  H. 

Eager,  Rebecca  Williams,  Mart.  Campbell,  Bo- 

lanil,  Jennie  Brownlce,  Amelia  Horton,  John  Lyman, 
J.  J.  Ilakios,  Susan  1'.  Klagg,  Miss  I'omeroy,  Miss 
W'intlirop,  Miss  Commager,  Airs.  Plvmpton  Buck, 
Mr.  [{ichards,  Mr.  Witstein,  1).  Y.  Howell,  A.  D. 
Howell,  Jolm  Barton,  Arthur  .M.  .Stem,  A.  A.  McDon- 
ald, Mr.  Faulkner,  C  A.  Gorrill,  Abbie  liastman, 
Ezra  Harnett,  Mrs.  David  Ketcham,  Maggie  (iil- 
christ. 

In  Female  Schools — K.  M.  Streeter,  Miss  H.  J. 
Ainger,  Mrs.  S.  R.  L.  Williams,  Miss  E.  W.  Fitch, 
Geo.  a.  Brown,  A.  R.  Seagrave,  Miss  L.  R.  Robbins, 
Principals ;  Miss  Josephine  Bruce,  Miss  Law,  Airs.  R. 
M.  Streeter,  Miss  Buck,  Mary  Jaquet,  Lucy  Bevier, 
Helen  Baldwin,  Sarah   Smith,  Eva  St.  John,  Mrs.   A. 


E.  Howe,  Laura  Kraus,  Addle  Wheelock,  Mrs.  E.  M. 
Field,  Charlotte  S.  Forsyth,  Clara  Harberger,  Cannie 
Mott,  Mrs.  J.  T.  Newton". 


kSuperintendeut  DeWolf  bore  strong  testi- 
mony to  the  fidelity,  devotion  aud  efficiency  of 
the  several  Teachers  named,  aud  to  the  eminent 
success  ol  the  Schools  in  imparting  instruction 
to  the  needy  jjupils.  The  Board  of  Education 
appropriated  SoOO  for  the  support  of  these 
Schools.  Including  contributions  of  citizens, 
there  was  on  hand  at  the  close  of  the  terra 
property  valued  at  $50!:t.(J4. 

Evening  Schools  have  been  more  or  less 
maintained  since  the  date  above  named. 


TOLEDO   CENTRAL   .VND   MA-NTAL  TRAINING  SCHOOL   BUILDINC. 


TOLEDO  UNIVERSITY. 

October  21,  1872,  Jessup  W.  Scott  and  Susan 
Scott,  his  wife,  conveyed  to  the  "  Toledo  Uni- 
versity of  Arts  and  Trades,"  an  incorporation 
created  for  that  purpose,  KiO  acres  of  land  in 
Adams  Townsiiip,  adjacent  to  the  Cit}-  line, 
and  "  estimated  in  value  at  180,000,  in  trust  for 
the  promotion  of  education  in  the  Arts  and 
Trades  and  related  Sciences,  in  addition  to 
what  is  furnished  by  the  Public  Schools  of  the 
City."  The  design,  as  set  forth  in  the  deed  of 
trust,  was  as  follows  : 

To  establish  an  institution  for  the  promotion  of 
knowledge  in  the  Arts  and  Trades  aud  the  related 
Sciences,  by  means  of  lectures  and  oral  instruction  ; 
of  models  and  representative  works  of  arts;  of  cabi- 
nets of  minerals;  of  museums,  instructive  of  the 
mechanic  arts  ;  and  of  whatsoever  else  may  serve  to 
furnish  Artists  and  Artisans  with  the  best  facilities 
for  a  high  culture  in  their  respective  occupations,  in 


addition  to  what  are  furnished  by  the  Public  Schools 
of  the  City.  Also,  to  furnish  instruction  in  the  use 
of  phonographic  characters,  and  to  aid  their  intro- 
duction into  more  general  use,  by  writing  and  print- 
ing. And  also,  to  encourage  health-giving,  invigo- 
rating recreations. 

The  Trustees  of  the  proposed  institution,  as 
named  by  the  deed,  were  Jessup  W.  Scott, 
William  H.  Scott,  Frank  J.  Scott,  Maurice  A. 
Scott,  Eichard  Mott,  Sarah  E.  L.  Williams, 
William  H.  Eaymond,  Albert  E.  Macomber, 
Charles  W.  Hill,  and,  also,  e.x'-q^'cio,  the  Mayor 
aud  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Schools  in 
Toledo,  and  the  Governor  of  the  State  of  Ohio. 
Richard  Mott  was  subsequently  elected  Presi- 
dent ot  the  Board  of  Trustees. 

By  a  subsequent  amendatory  deed  to  said 
Toledo  University  of  Arts  aud  Trades,  Jessup 
W.  Scott  and  wife  released  the  Trustees  from 
some    of  the  conditions   imposed   in  the  first 


PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 


631 


deed,  so  that  the  trust  fund  might  be  used  to 
advance  education  in  the  Arts  and  Trades  in 
connection  with  any  Munici])al  or  State  fund 
or  system  of  Public  Education.  This  cliange 
was  made  at  the  earnest  solicitation  of  liis  son, 
Franli  J.  Scott,  who  had  long  been  impressed 
with  the  importance  of  gi-ounding  all  educa- 
tional work  on  the  broad  basis  of  the  free 
Public  School  system. 

lu  1SG8,  Mr.  F.  J.  Scott  published  in  the 
Radical  Review,  of  Boston,  an  original  and 
suggestive  essay  entitled  '•  The  Future  Palaces 
of  America,"  in  which  the  possibilities  of  the 
free  public  educationtil  system  of  the  United 
States,  if  carried  to  its  legitimate  extent,  were 
eloquently  presented.  The  necessity  of  secur- 
ing practical  ciliLcation  in  the  Arts  and  Trades 
upon  the  same  basis  already  adopted  by  the 
States  for  primary  and  classical  education,  was 
thus  fortunately  recognized  by  Mr.  J.  W.  Scott 
in  time  to  execute  the  amendatory  deed  just 
before  his  death. 

April  1,  1873,  with  funds  given  by  William 
H.  Raymond  the  Trustees  of  the  said  Univer- 
sity of  Arts  and  Trades  purchased  the  property 
known  as  Raymond  Hall,  corner  of  Adams  and 
Tenth  Streets,  for  the  purpose  of  beginning 
the  work  of  such  institution.  The  property 
was  purchased  at  public  sale,  and  the  situation 
was  deemed  a  desirable  one.  The  gift  from 
Mr.  Raymond  amounted  to  §15,000. 

After  the  death  of  Jessup  W.  Scott,  which  oc- 
curred January  22,  1874,  his  widow,  Susan  W. 
Scott,  and  their  three  sons,  carried  out  his 
known  wish  to  have  tbe  University  further 
endowed  by  the  joint  eonvej'anee  to  the 
Trustees  of  the  University  of  real  propert}*  in 
the  Cit}-  of  Toledo,  estimated  in  value  at 
S50,000. 

In  the  Summer  of  1873,  Mr.  Frank  J.  Scott 
procured  in  Europe  for  the  School  of  Design  a 
very  valuable  collection  of  studies  in  Archi- 
tecture and  Mechanical  Arts,  consisting  of 
books,  photographs,  engravings  and  litho- 
graphic prints  in  great  variety. 

January  14,  1875,  the  Trustees  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Arts  and  Trades  arranged  to  open 
the  School  of  Design  in  Raymond  Hall  two 
hours  during  five  evenings  of  each  week,  also 
on  each  Saturday,  and  Mr.  Wm.  Young  was 
employed  as  instructor.  Maj-  1,  1875,  Mr. 
Young  was  called  away  from  Toledo,  and  Mr. 
C'.  J.  Shipley  was  employed  in  his  place.  Sub- 
sequently Mr.  E.  O.  Failis  took  charge  of  the 
school.  This  School  of  Design  continued  for 
several  seasons  and  imparted  valuable  in.struc- 
tion  to  large  clasises  of  pupils,  but  there  being  no 
funds  to  maintain  it,  it  had  to  be  discontinued. 

January  18,  1884,  the  Trustees  of  the  Toledo 
Universitj-  of  Arts  and  Trades  resolved  to 
make  a  tender  of  the  entire  University  prop- 
erty to  the  City  of  Toledo,  on  condition  that 
the  City  would  assume  the  trust  under  and  by 
virtue  of  the  powers  conferred  in  Sections  4095 


to  4105  inclusive   of  the  Revised  Statutes  of 
Ohio. 

The  pro]iertj'  was  formally  presented  to  the 
Common  Council,  and  after  full  consideration 
by  the  Committee  on  Education  and  Univer- 
sity', was  accepted  by  resolution  adopted  Feb- 
ruary 7,  1884.  Subsequently  this  acceptance 
was  dul}'  embodied  in  an  oiwlinance  under 
which  the  Common  Council  established  the 
"  Toledo  University." 

The  inauguration  of  the  Manual  Training 
School  (which  was  outlined  in  the  proposition 
of  the  Trustees  of  the  University,  as  an  induce- 
ment to  the  assumption  of  the  Scott  trust 
pi'operty  by  the  City)  was  suggested  bj^  Albert 
E.  Macomber,  whose  attention  had  been  called 
to  the  success  of  the  Manual  Training  work 
systematized  by  Prof.  E.  M.  Woodward,  of  St. 
Louis.  That  School  was  at  once  recognized  by 
the  Scotts  as  the  long-desired  model  for  the 
commencement  of  School  Education  in  the 
Arts  and  Trades.  The  Toledo  City  Council 
and  the  Board  of  Education  promptly  appointed 
most  of  the  Trustees  under  the  old  trust  in  the 
new  Board,  and  levied  a  tax  of  two-tenths  of  a 
mill  on  the  dollar  of  taxable  property,  to  enable 
the  Board  to  start  a  Training  School.  Prof. 
John  W.  Dowd,  then  the  vSuperinteudent  of 
Public  Schools,  gave  to  the  project  his  active 
and  earnest  support,  and  set  aside  one  of  the 
larger  rooms  in  the  High  School  building  for 
use  as  the  Shop  of  the  School.  Mr.  Ralph  H. 
Miller,  a  recent  graduate  of  Prof.  \Voodward's 
School  at  St.  Louis,  was  made  Su]jerintendent, 
and  his  first  year's  work  was  such  as  to  assure 
the  complete  success  and  high  usefulness  of  this 
system  of  teaching. 

During  the  year  1885.  the  Trustees  suc- 
ceeded in  disposing  of  a  portion  of  the  property 
given  by  Susan  Scott  and  sons  for  the  Univer- 
sity, and  with  the  proceeds  (with  the  concur- 
rence of  the  Board  of  Education),  erected  the 
commodious  East  wing  of  the  High  School 
building,  known  as  the  Scott  Manual  Training 
School. 

The  practical  effect  of  the  united  action  of  these 
two  Boards,  is  to  so  enlarge  the  scope  of  public  in- 
struction in  Toledo,  as  represented  by  the  Grammar 
and  High  School,  as  to  include  instruction  in  the 
practical  arts,  domestic  economy,  together  with  free- 
hand and  mechanical  drawing.  The  course,  includ- 
ing this  instruction,  will  be  known  as  the  "  Manual 
Training  School  Course." 

The  object  of  the  Manu.il  Training  .'^chool  is  to 
furnish  instruction  and  practice  in  the  use  of  tools, 
with  such  instruction  as  may  be  deemed  necessary 
in  mathematics,  drawing,  and  the  English  branches 
of  a  High  School  course.  The  tool  in.struction  as  at 
present  contemplated  will  include  carpentry,  wood 
turning,  pattern  making,  iron  chipping  and  tiling, 
forge  work,  brazing  and  soldering,  the  use  of  machine 
shop  tools,  and  such  other  instruction  of  a  similar 
character  as  may  be  deemed  advisable  to  add  to  the 
foregoing  from  time  to  time ;  it  being  the  intention 
to  divide  tlie  working  hours  of  the  student,  as  nearly 
as  possible,  equally  between  manual  and  mental 
exercises. 


032 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


The  Manual  Training  School  clearly  recognizes 
the  pre-eminent  value  and  necessit)'  of  intellectual 
development  ami  disciiilinc.  This  School  exacts 
close  and  thoughtful  stiidv  with  liook  as  well  as  with 
tools.  It  proposes,  by  lengthening  the  usual  school- 
day  a  full  hour,  and  by  abridging  somewhat  the 
number  of  dailv  recitations,  to  find  time  for  drawing 
and  tool-work, "and  thus  to  secure  a  more  liberal  in- 
tellectual and  physical  development— a  more  sym- 
metrical education. 

One  great  object  of  the  School  is  to  foster  a  higher 
appreciation  of  the  value  and  dignity  of  intelligent 
labor,  and  the  worth  and  respectability  of  laboring 
'  men.  A  boy  who  sees  nothing  in  manual  labor  but 
mere  brute  force,  despises  botli  the  labor  and  the 
laborer.  With  the  acquisition  of  skill  in  himself, 
comes  the  ability  and  willingness  to  recognize  skill 
in  his  fellows.  "When  once  he  appreciates  skill  in 
handicraft,  he  regards  the  w'oi'kman  with  sympathy 
and  respect. 

It  is  not  assumed  that  every  pupil  who  enters  this 
School  is  to  be  a  mechanic.  Some  will  find  that 
they  have  no  taste  for  manual  arts,  and  will  turn 
into  other  paths— law,  medicine  or  literature.  All 
will  gain  intellectually  by  their  experience  in  contact 
with  IhingH.  The  grand  result  will  be  an  increasing 
interest  in  manufacturing  pursuits,  more  intelligent 
mechanics,  more  successful  manufacturers,  better 
lawyers,  more  skillful  physicians,  and  more  useful 
citizens. 

All  the  shop-work  is  disciplinary  ;  special  trades 
will  not  be  taught,  nor  will  articles  be  manufactured 
for  sale.  The  scope  of  a  single  trade  is  too  narrow 
for  educational  purposes.  Manual  education  should 
be  as  broad  and  liberal  as  intellectual.  A  shop 
which  manufactures  for  the  market,  and  expects  a 
revenue  from  the  sale  of  its  products,  is  necessarily 
confined  to  .salable  work,  and  a  .systematic  and  pro- 
gressive series  of  lessons  is  impossible,  except  at 
great  cost.* 

The  formal  opening  of  the  School  in  the 
nevr  building  was  duly  commemorated  by 
an  important  Educational  Convention,  held  on 
the  -ith  and  5th  of  December,  1885.  Many 
prominent  speakers  of  National  reputation 
were  present  and  delivered  addresses  in  expla- 
nation and  commendation  of  the  plan  to  be  car- 
ried out.  Thi.s  number  included  Ex-President 
Haj-es,  who  presided;  Dr.  C.  M.  Woodward, 
Managing  Director  of  the  St.  Louis  Manual 
Training  School ;  Prof.  Felix  Adler,  Managing 
Director  of  the  Worljingman's  School,  of  New 
York  City  ;  Mrs.  Emma  P.  Ewing,  Dean  of  the 
School  of  Domestic  Economy  in  the  Iowa  Ag- 
ricultural College  ;  Colonel  Augustus  Jacobson 
and  lion.  Charles  II.  Ham,  of  Chicago,  and  Dr. 
Henry  H.  Belfield,  Director  of  the  Chicago 
Manual  Training  School. 

The  Manual  Training  School  is  inaintained 
under  the  joint  control  ol  the  Toledo  Board  of 
Education  and  the  Directors  of  the  Toledo 
University.  A  perspective  view  of  the  build- 
ing erected  for  the  use  of  the  Manual  Training 
School  and  the  High  School  building  is  given 
at  the  commencement  of  this  article.  It  is  four 
stories  high.  The  Manual  Training  depart- 
ment is  provided  with  rooms  as  follows  ;  First 
Floor — Machine    shop,    Wood-working    shop, 

*First  annual  report  of  the  Directors  of  the  Toledo 
University.  December  31,  1885. 


Tool  room,  and  Wash  rooms.  Second  Floor — 
Domestic  Economy  room,  Wood-workingshop, 
OlWce  and  Wash-rooms.  Third  Floor — Domes- 
tic Economy,  Drawing-rooms,  Library  and 
Lavatory.  The  plan  opposite,  of  the  second 
story  of  the  joint  building  will  show  something 
of  the  connection  of  the  High  and  Grammar 
Schools  and  the  Manual  Trainins;  School. 

In  the  first  announcement  of  the  Manual 
Training  School,  it  was  stated  that  while  the 
course  of  iiractical  instruction  then  adopted 
w^ts  designed  lor  the  industrial  education  of 
lioj's,  the  purpose  was  to  furnisli  like  privileges 
for  girls.  To  that  end,  the  Directors  made  in- 
vestigation in  regard  to  ways  and  means  of 
such  addition  to  school  provision,  the  result  of 
which  was  the  establishment  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  Domestic  Economy,  which  was  opened 
for  pupils  in  September,  1886.  Tins  movement 
was  based  upon  the  assumption  that  a  pleasant 
home  is  an  essential  element  of  broad  culture, 
and  one  of  the  surest  safeguards  of  morality 
and  virtue.  It  is  arranged  with  8j)ecial  refer- 
ence to  giving  young  women  sitch  liberal  and 
practical  education  as  will  inspire  them  with  a 
belief  in  the  dignity  and  noblenessof  an  earnest 
womanhood,  and  incite  them  to  a  faithful  per- 
formance of  the  every-day  duties  of  life.  The 
design  of  this  course  is  to  furnish  thorough  in- 
struction in  applied  Housekeeping,  and  the 
sciences  relating  thereto,  and  students  will  re- 
ceive practical  drill  in  all  branches  of  house- 
work ;  in  the  purchase  and  care  of  family  sup- 
plies, and  in  general  household  management ; 
but  will  not  be  expected  to  perform  more  labor 
than  is  actually  necessary  for  the  desired  in- 
struction. 

The  action  of  Mr.  Jessup  W.  Scott,  so  fully 
sustained  by  Mrs.  Scott  and  their  sons,  could 
hardly  have  been  more  opportune,  occurring  as 
it  did  at  the  time  when  tlie  matter  of  industrial 
training  in  connection  with  public  literary  in- 
struction was  beginning  to  attract  attention 
from  the  more  intelligent  and  considerate 
friends  of  education.  With  all  the  foresight  so 
manifest  in  Mr.  Scott's  action,  it  has  alreadj' 
been  made  evident  that  he  "builded  better 
than  he  knew  ;'Tor  he  could  not  have  foreseen 
the  rapiil  and  general  appreciation  of  the  policy 
in  public  instruction  which  constituted  the 
basis  of  his  liberal  provision.  He  could  not  have 
supi^osed.  that  within  the  short  space  of  13 
years,  the  public  sentiment  of  the  country 
wouki  become  so  strongly  fixed  in  favor  of  his 
general  plan,  that  in  a  portion  of  the  Public 
Schools  of  25  States  of  the  Union,  industrial 
training  would  be  engrafted  on  the  course  of 
instruction  ;  or  that  in  40  educational  institu- 
tions, ranging  from  Universities  to  local  Public 
Schools, such  training  would  have  a  place.  While 
the  youth  of  Toledo  will  have  abuudant  cause 
for  gratitude  to  Mr.  Scott  and  to  his  familj^, 
they  will  not  overlook  the  fact,  that  the  prompt 
and  liberal  realization  of  his  plan,  has  been  due 


PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 


633 


largely  to  the  enlightened  co-operation  of  the 
people  of  Toledo,  which  alone,  in  so  short  a 
space  of  time,  could  have  attainetl  important 
results,  which  promise  so  much  lor  the  youth 
of  the  City.  Another  consideration  gives 
special  importance  to  the  provision  of  manual 
School  training  now  so  rapidlj-  being  intro- 
duced, lleference  is  here  made  to  the  ten- 
dency already  so  general  among  Labor  organ- 
izations toward  the  restriction  and  limitation 
of  the  Apprenticeship  system  among  the  indus- 
trial pursuits  of  the  country.  So  effective  has 
such  policy  now  become,  that  the  proportion 
of  ajiprentices  in  most  of  the  leading  branches 
of  industry  has  been  very  largely  reduced,  with 
the  prospect  of  continued  and  increased  re- 
striction. The  harmful,  as  well  as  unjust,  re- 
sults of  such  policy,  must  be  apparent  to  all 
reflecting  minds  The  bare  suggestion,  that 
workmen  in  possession  of  a  trade,  and  of  the 
means  of  support  thus  assured,  shall  be  jjer- 
mitted  to  establish,  in  their  own  behalf,  a  mo- 
nopoly in  such  advantages,  to  the  exclusion  of 
others  their  equals  in  every  respect,  is  revolt- 
ing to  every  sense  of  justice,  and  especially  re- 
pugnant to  the  broad  principles  of  equality  on 
which  American  institutions  must  rest.  Just 
how  long  such  flagrant  wrong  may  be  able  to 
embarrass  the  exercise  of  equal  rights  to  edu- 
cation and  to  its  application  in  active  life,  can 
not  now  be  known  ;  but  the  "  sober  scond 
thought"  of  a  free  people  will  not  fail  to  remedy 
so  manifest  a  wrong.  Meantime,  the  beneficent 
system  of  Manual  Training  in  connection  with 
the  Public  Schools,  promises  much  toward 
counteracting  such  evil.  Through  such  agency, 
large  numbers  of  youth  of  both  sexes  will  be 
instructed  in  both  rudiments  and  practice  of 
industrial    pursuits,    which   will   be  far  better 

■  than   the    ordinary  apprenticeship,    and   will 

■  thus,  in  comparatively  short  time,  be  greatly 
advanced  in  preparation  for  skilled  labor. 
That  Toledo,  so  fiar  from  being  behind,  is  well 
abreast  other  Cities  of  the  laud  in  this  good 
work,  furnishes  just  cause  for  congratulation 
among  her  citizens;  and  they  have  the  addi- 
tional reason  for  just  pride,  that  such  en- 
lightened liberality  is  shown  irre8j)ective  of 
the  sex  of  its  beneticiaries.  What  is  to  be  the 
i-ecord  in  coming  years,  of  the  results  of  this 
system  of  industrial  instruction,  future 
historians  must  record.  Suffice  it  now  to  say, 
that  it  is  the  suggestion  of  an  enlightened 
regard  for  the  best  interests  of  the  country, 
sustained  and  made  practical  by  the  best  senti- 
ment of  the  people  upon  whose  liberality  it 
must  rely  for  success. 

The  Officers  and  Instructors  of  Toledo  Uni- 
versity for  1887,  were  as  follows: 

Directors—  Wm.  H.  Scott  (President),  Guide  Marx, 
F.  J.Scott,  A.  E.  Macomber,  M.  D.  Carrington,  D.  J. 
O'Hara,  Henry  Kahlo,  W.  G.  Hagenberg,  Maurice  A. 
Scott,  Theodore  J.  Brown,  Daniel  C.  Shaw,  J.  Kent 
Hamilton  (Mayor). 

41 


Ralph  H.  Miller,  Superintendent  of  Manual  Train- 
ing School  and  (ienerai  In.structor. 

Noali  W.  House,  Instructor  in  Iron  Work,  Wood 
Turning,  Wood  CJarving,  &c. 

Goo.  S.  Mills,  Instructor  in  Drawing. 

Goo.  S.  Waite,  Instructor  in  C!arpentry,  &c. 

Miss  Nellie  E.  Kawson,  Instructor  in  Domestic 
Economy  Department,  Cookery,  &c. 

EDUCATIONAL  ASSOCIATION. 

In  December,  1857,  the  Educational  Associ- 
ation of  Northwestern  Ohio  held  a  session  at 
Bryan,  Williams  County,  when  A.  B.  West,  of 
Toledo  High  School,  was  the  President,  and 
W.  F.  Milliken,  Secretary.  Mr.  West  read  a 
paper  on  Graded  Schools,  which  was  adoj)ted. 
Different  resolutions  pertaining  to  School 
management  were  acted  upon,  and  the  interests 
of  Education  discussed.  The  following  officers 
were  chosen  : 

President— John  Eaton,  Jr.,  of  Toledo  ;  Secretary 
— E.  W.  Lenderson,  of  Waterville ;  Vice  Presidents— 
J.  W.  McKim, Defiance  Co.;  Amos  Hill,  Fulton  Co.; 
Samuel  L.  Adams,  Henry  Co.;  Wui.  H.  Ogden,  Wil- 
liams Co.;  Francis  Hollenbeck,  Wood  Co.;  Dr.  Oscar 
White,  Lucas  Co.;  Jacob  Carr,  Hancock  Co.;  D.  G. 
Blakeslee,  Paulding  Co.  Executive  Committee — B. 
F.  Southworth,  Dr.  W.  Ramsey,  J.  G.  Haley,  W.  A. 
Smith,  E.  W.  Lenderson,  W.  A.  C.  Converse,  S.  A. 
Spear,  B.  B.  Woodcox.  Mr.  A.  Schuyler  delivered  an 
address  on  the  study  of  Mathematics. 

The  following  officers  for  this  Association 
were  chosen  in  December,  1887 : 

President— W.  T.  Jackson ;  Vice  President— W. 
W.  Weaver ;  Secretary,  F.  M.  Ginn ;  Executive 
Committee,  J.  W.  Zeller,  C.  W.  Williamson,  J.  W. 
Knott. 

LITERARY  ASSOCIATIONS. 

The  pioneer  literary  association  in  Toledo, 
was  the  Toledo  Lyceum,  organized  (chiefly,  if 
not  solely,  for  debate)  as  earlj-  as  November, 
1837.  Its  first  Secretary  was  Charles  W.  Hill. 
The  next  Secretary  was  the  late  Hiram  Wal- 
bridge,  whoso  youth  and  early  manhood  were 
spent  in  this  City,  but  whoso  prominence  in 
business  and  public  life,  was  gained  chiefly  in 
New  York.  The  Lyceum  was  mainly  devoted 
to  the  discussion  of  current  public  questions, 
among  which  were  these:  "Has  Congress  the 
Constitutional  rjght  to  abolish  slavery  in  the 
District  of  Columbia?"  "Would  it  be  good 
policy  for  Congress  to  admit  Texas  into  the 
Union?"  (The  Texan  revolution  against  the 
Mexican  Government  was  then  in  progress, 
with  doubtful  issue.)  "Are  women  entitled  to 
all  the  political  rights  and  immunities  of  men?" 
"  Does  marriage  contribute  more  to  the  happi- 
ness of  man,  than  celibacy?"  (The  recognition 
of  "man"  only  as  the  party  whose  '"happi- 
ness "  was  to  be  looked  after  in  the  discussion, 
was  suggestive  if  not  significant.)  This 
Society  seems  to  have  continued  through  the 
Winter. 

The  first  literary  organization  here  looking 
to  permanence  and  including  library  facilities, 


034 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


was  the  "  Toledo  Young  Men's  Association." 
It  commenced  its  operations  December  1,  1838. 
The  original  co])y  of  its  constitution,  in  the 
band  writing  of  the  late  Hiram  Walbridge  (an 
active  member  of  the  Association),  is  now  in 
the  liands  of  his  brother,  Uorace  vS.  Walbridge. 
It  was  organized  under  a  charter  granted  by 
the  Ohio  Legislature,  the  corporators  therein 
named  being  Charles  W.  Hill,  Charles  E. 
Briutnal,  J.  Baron  Davis,  John  Fitch,  Hiram 
Walbridge,  Ezra  E.  Stevens  and  John  E. 
Osborn.  The  declared  object  was  the  estab- 
lishment of  "a  Lyceum  and  a  Public  Library 
iu  the  City  of  Toledo."  The  library  was  to 
be  kept  open  during  stated  hours  on  all  days, 
Sundays  excepted.  The  constitution  bore  the 
names  of  the  following  members  : 


Charles  E.  Brintnal, 
John  Fitch, 
C.  W.  Hill,* 
J.  Baron  Davis,* 
Hiram  Walbridge,* 
J.  R.  Osborn, 
h.  S.  Lownsbury,* 
Daniel  O.  Morton,* 
A.  W.  Fairbanks, 
W.  N.   Richardson,* 
R.  K.  Foster,  Jr.* 
John  Poag,* 
J.  A.  Titus,* 
H.  G.  Cozens,* 
George  P.  Clark,* 
S.  S.  Blanchard,* 
Edward  tiilman, 
Emery  D.  Potter, 
Daniel  McBain, 
James  Myers,* 
Jerome  B.  Myers.* 
Myron  H.  Tilden, 
J.  D.  Shepard, 
Daniel  Segur,* 
John  C.  Fory, 
Elijah  Porter,* 
E.  Lathrop,* 
C.  McLouth, 
J.  Hibbard,* 
Samuel  B.  Scott,* 
Edson  Allen, 
J.  B.  Gardner, 
Crawford  Nightingale, 


V.  H.  Ketcham,* 
H.  R.  Brooks,* 
Levi  Snell,* 
Edward  Bissell,  Sr.* 
O.  A.  Crane, 
Wm.  Knox, 
Thomas  S.  Manly, 
Charles  B.  Phillips, 
John  R.  Bond,* 
H.  L.  Wood, 
Decius  Wadsworth,* 
Andrew  Stevens,* 
E.  H.  Fassett, 
Dr.  Jacob  Clark, 
David  Geulick,* 
Frederick  Bissell,* 
Peter  H.  Shaw, 
George  R.  Perkins,* 
S.  Moore,* 
J.  A.  Hoisington,* 
E.  S.  Dodd,* 
John  Berdan,* 
Wm.  A.  Calkin, 
Charles  McLean, 
S.  D.  Erwin, 
Andrew  Palmer. 
Caleb  F.  Abbott,* 
L.  McL.  Lambert,* 
Abraham  Potter,* 
Charles  Ira  Scott. 
Thomas  Dunlap,  Jr., 
S.  A.  Raymond, 


U.  G.  Wilson, 
P.  Palmer. 
Those  marked  with  a  star  (*)  are  deceased. 

Of  the  66  members  named,  about  16  (or  one- 
fourth)  are  now  living,  after  the  lapse  of  49 
years.  Considering  that  Toledo  then  con- 
tained not  exceeding  1,000  inhabitants,  with 
limited  means  for  the  support  of  literary  inter- 
ests, the  above  list  of  names  is  quite  creditable 
in  numbers. 

The  following  oflScers  were  chosen  December 
6,  1838: 

President,  Andrew  Palmer.  Vice  President,  John 
R.  Osborn.  Secretary,  Joseph  B.  Gardner.  Treas- 
urer, John  Poag.  Trustees — Charles  E.  Brintnal, 
John  Fitch,  Charles  W.  Hill,  J.  Baron  Davis,  Caleb 
F.  Abbott,  Daniel  McBain,  J.  Avery  Titus. 

In  November,  1841,  the  following  named 
ofiScers  were  chosen ; 


President,  E.  D.  Potter.  Vice  President,  C.  W. 
Hill.  Secretary,  Hiram  Walbridge.  Treasurer,  John 
R.  Bond.  Trustees — Daniel  McBain,  Daniel  Segur, 
Thomas  Dunlap,  J.  Ilibbard,  C.  I.  Scott,  L.  McL. 
Lambert,  S.  S.  Blanchard. 

The  Association,  though  starting  out  auspi- 
piciously,  soon  suffered  from  lack  of  active 
interest,  and  by  1843  was  virtually  dead.  In 
December  of  that  year,  it  was  revived,  and  the 
following  oflScers  chosen  : 

President,  John  Fitch.  Vice  President,  S.  B. 
Scott.  Secretary,  Hiram  Walbridge.  Treasurer,  J.  R. 
Bond.  Trustees— C.  W.  Hill,  Henry  Bennett,  Wm. 
W.  Van  Ness,  Andrew  Palmer,  Charles  M.  fJorr, 
Mavor  Brigham,  Sidney  M.  Layton. 

In  December,  1845,  a  Committee  consisting 
of  Wm.  Baker,  Dr.  Calvin  Smith  and  Chas.  I. 
Scott,  reported  this  Association  as  in  good  con- 
dition, with  40  members.  It  then  had  a 
library  of  400  to  500  volumes,  mostly  dona- 
tions, which,  with  10  periodicals,  were  open  to 
the  use  of  members  who  paid  $2  per  year.  The 
ho2>e  was  exjiressed,  that  a  sufficient  sum  to 
meet  expenses  might  be  raised,  which  was 
placed  at  $100  per  year— the  receipts  of  the 
preceding  year  having  been  $05,  with  $60  due 
from  members.  It  vvas  much  desired  that  a 
course  of  lectures  be  provided,  for  which  pur- 
pose the  Court-room  of  the  Court-House  could 
be  had. 

February  26,  1847,  the  Association  discussed 
the  following  practical  question  :  "  If  the  char- 
ter gives  the  jiower,  should  the  City  Council  of 
Toledo  take  immediate  measures  to  drain  Mud 
Creek,  and  levy  a  general  tax  to  meet  the  ex- 
penses?" The  result  of  such  discussion  is  not 
recorded ;  but  steps  ere  long  were  taken  to 
"  drain  Mud  Creek,"  which  now  is  well  built 
up  with  residences  and  business  buildings. 

November  28,  1853,  the  Association  chose 
the  following  officers  : 

President,  H.  L.  Hosmer.  Vice  Preisident,  J.  M. 
Ashley.  Secretary,  E.  D.  Nye.  Treasurer,  Dr.  S.  F. 
Forbes.  Trustees — Anson  Smyth,  Chas.  Pratt,  C.  E. 
Perigo,  John  Sinclair,  Samuel  A.  Raymond,  Chas.  J. 
Wood,  C.  O'Connell. 

The  following  officers  were  chosen  October  4, 

1858: 

President,  Chas.  J.  Wood.  Vice  President,  E. 
Dwight  Nye.  Corresponding  Secretary,  John  Wal- 
bridge. Treasurer,  Wm.  Henry  Smith.  Trustee.s — 
John  Sinclair,  Edwin  S.  Piatt,  John  Walbridge,  Wm. 
H.  H.  Smith,  Charles  Bauch,  John  H.  Moulton,  Jas. 
H.  Boggis. 

The  lecturers  before  the  As.sociation  during 
the  winter  of  1857-8,  were  as  follows :  E.  D. 
Nye,  Ed.  Bissell.  Jr.,  Eev.  E.  F.  Piatt,  W.  A. 
C.  Converse,  Chas.  Kent,  Dr.  A.  F.  Bissell, 
John  Eaton,  Jr.,  James  J.  French,  and  C.  J. 
Wood,  all  residents  of  Toledo. 

In  October,  18G2,  the  following  officers  were 
elected  : 

President,  Moses  T.  Brown.  Vice  President,  Chas. 
Pratt.     Secretary,  Alfred    W.  Gleason.    Treasurer, 


PUBLIC  SCHOOLf!. 


635 


John  L.  Johnston.  Trustoes— Oliver  S.  Bond,  A.  W. 
Gleason,  J.  K.  HamiUon,  Rifhard  Waite,  .1.  L.  John- 
ston, T.  P.  Brown,  J.  N.Eltuig. 

The  annual  election  held  October  3,  1864, 
was  marked  by  proceedings  quite  unexpected 
and  unusual.  The  A8.sociation,  after  varied 
experiences,  had  then  reached  considerable 
vitality  and  promise,  having  for  some  time  sus 
tained  a  reading-room  supplied  with  news- 
papers and  magazines,  and  an  annual  course  of 
lect\ires.  There  vrere  at  that  time  about  150 
members.  As  usual  in  such  cases,  two  tickets 
had  been  put  in  nomination,  with  the  view, 
through  a  little  good-natured  personal  rivalry 
thus  provided  tor,  of  eliciting  greater  interest. 
The  election  proceeded  as  usual  from  8  till  9 
o'clock  P.  M.,  the  two  tickets  running  about  even. 
The  polls  were  to  close  at  10.  Soon  after  9 
large  numbers  of  voters  began  to  appear,  being 
chieHy  persons  never  before  seen  there  or 
known  as  members.  As  these  arrivals  con- 
tinued, it  was  discovered  that  they  came  from 
the  McClellan  Club  Room,  adjoining  the  Read- 
ing Room,  and  that  they  were  conducted  to  the 
polls  by  leading  Democrats,  through  whose 
agency  large  numbers  of  persons  had  suddenly 
become  members,  for  the  evident  purpose  of 
controlling  the  election  of  officers,  and  through 
them  the  Association.  The  ruse  was  a  success, 
so  far  as  the  choice  of  ofScers  was  concerned. 
The  following  were  chosen; 

President,  D.  B.  Smith.  Vice  President,  John  N. 
Drummond.  Secretary,  Newton  Marsh.  Treasurer, 
Chas.  H.  Eddy.  Trustees— W.  W.  Jones,  J.  B.  Car- 
son, P.  H.  Birckhead,  Nathan  Reeve.  H.  P.  Piatt, 
Asa  Backus,  and  Kobert  A.  Wason. 

Some  of  these  gentlemen  were  Republicans. 
The  reason  assigned  by  the  managers  of  the 
movement  for  their  action  was,  that  the 
As80ci:ition  had  been  managed  too  much  in  the 
interest  of  the  Republican  party,  while  the 
Democrats  had  been  denied  their  proper  recog- 
nition in  either  the  literature  provided  or  the 
lecturers  employed.  The  rejjly  made  to  this 
was,  that  while  11  only  of  the  163  members 
had  been  Democrats,  and  152  Republicans, 
four  of  the  daily  papers  taken  were  Demo- 
cratic, and  seven  Republican  ;  and  that  engage- 
ments had  been  sought  with  five  Democratic 
lecturers  for  the  ensuing  winter.  The  fact 
that  this  case  occurred  during  a  Presidential 
campaign,  may  in  great  measure  explain  the 
matter. 

On  the  27th  of  October,  the  members  and 
friends  of  the  old  Board  of  Directors,  met  and 
organized  anew,  under  the  name  of  "  Toledo 
Library  Association,"  with  the  following  offi- 
cers : 

President,  Chas.  A.  King.  Vice  President,  Rich- 
ard Waite.  Secretary.  Wm.  H.  Fish.  Treasurer, 
Chas.  H.  Eddy.  Directors — John  Sinclair,  John  H. 
Doyle,  L.  F.  Hubbard,  James  H.  Maples,  R.  A. 
Wason,  Clias.  B.  Roff,  and  F.  B.  Dodge. 


This  action  was  taken  largely  with  the  under- 
standing that  the  Board  chosen  on  the  3d  of 
October  were  willing  to  turn  over  the  property 
and  afi'airs  of  the  old  organization  to  the  new, 
which  was  done. 

The  new  Association  at  once  entered  upon 
successful  opei-ation,  its  means  fi-om  member- 
ships and  donations  being  judiciously  employed 
in  the  provision  of  current  and  [)ermanent 
reading  matter.  In  1867  it  issued  a  catalogue 
of  books,  being  the  first  of  the  kind  in  Toledo. 
The  Association  then  had  about  4,600  volumes, 
and  some  500  members,  of  whom  33  were  life 
members.  About  15,000  volumes  were  drawn 
during  the  preceding  year.  The  Reading 
Room  was  supplied  with  19  Daily,  one  Semi- 
Weekly  and  18  Weekly  papers  ;  12  Monthly 
and  five  (Quarterly  Magazines.  The  officers  of 
the  Association  for  1867-68,  were  as  follows  : 

President,  John  Sinclair.  Vice  President,  Robert 
A.  Wason.  Secretary,  Chas  F.  Adams.  Treasurer, 
Elijah  H.  Norton.  Trustees — C.  A.  King,  John 
Sinclair,  Neh.  Waterman,  R.  A.  Wason,  Edwin  Jack- 
son, W.  A.  C.  Converse,  Calvin  Barker,  E.  H.  Norton, 
W.  H.H.  Smith,  Stephen  H.  Camp,  Henry  Hall,  C. 
F.  Adams,  Albert  E.  Macomber.  Librarians — Samuel 
C.  Stiles  and  George  F.  Colby. 

The  general  officers  of  the  Association  had 
been  : 

President— 1864-67,  C.  A.  King. 

Vice  President— Richard  Waite,  1864-65  ;  Henry 
Bennett,  1866. 

Secretary— 1864,  Wm.  H.  Fish;  1865,  W.  H.  H. 
Smith  ;  1866,  C.  F.  Adams. 

Treasurer— 1864-65,  C.  H.  Eddy ;  1866,  Isaac  W. 
Holman. 

The  Association  was  continued  with  more  or 
less  of  success,  but  with  general  popular  favor, 
until  the  transfer  of  its  property  to  the  Public 
Library,  in  1873,  when  the  organization  ceased 
to  exist.  The  City  was  much  indebted  to  the 
enterprise  and  liberality  of  its  managers  and 
supporters  for  material  public  benefits  during 
its  existence. 

The  Toledo  Young  Men's  Literary  and 
Debating  Society  was  organized  in  1858,  and 
composed  chiefly  of  graduates  and  members  of 
the  Toledo  Public  Schools.  The  first  anniver- 
sary of  the  Society  was  held  April  24,  1859, 
consisting  of  a  supper,  at  the  close  of  which 
toasts  were  presented  and  were  responded  to 
by  W.  H.  H.  Smith,  Theo.  Sawyer,  Wm. 
Corlett,  B.  A.  Durbin,  and  Robert  S.  Chamber- 
lain. 

In  November,  1859,  a  public  exhibition  was 
given,  with  the  following  programme; 

Salutatorv— Theo.  Sawyer.  Oration— T.  H.  Elli- 
son, Jr.  Declam.ition— Chas.  J.  Swift.  Oration — 
James  W.  Clark.  Dialogue.  Oration — Wm.  Corlett. 
Declamation— Ralph  H.  Waggoner.  Oration— Wilbur 
F.  Arnold.     Poem— John  L.Johnston. 

The  fourth  anniversary  of  the  Society  was 
held  at  the  Oliver  House,  April  23,  1862,  the 


(i3(i 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


programme  including   a  supper,  after   which 
roi!uhir  toasts  M'ere  responded  to  as  follows  : 

■'  Our  Society  "—Ralph  H.  Waggoner.  "  American 
Literature  "—A.  Leonardson.  "  Our  Army  and 
Niivy  "—James  W.  Clark.  "  The  Ladies  "— E.  Ham- 
ilton. Volunteer  toasts  were  responded  to  by  J.  Kent 
Hamilton,  Moses  T.  Brown  and  John  H.  Doyle. 

TOLEDO  PUBLIC  LIBRARY. 

The  establishment  and  successful  manage- 
ment of  the  Public  Library  have  been  largely 
due  to  the  active  interest  therein  taken  by  Wm. 
H.  Scott,  the  President  of  the  Board  of  Trus- 
tees. Upon  his  return  to  Toledo  in  1865,  he 
became  connected  with  the  Toledo  Library 
Association,  and  sought  by  personal  attention 
and  material  contribution,  to  place  the  same 
upon  a  proper  basis.  It  soon  was  made  evident, 
that  the  requisite  means  for  such  purpose  could 
not  be  secured  ;  when  Mr.  Scott  became  satis- 
fied that  nothing  less  than  a  Free  Library, 
under  the  auspices  of  the  City  and  supported  by 
taxation,  would  meet  the  demands  of  the  case. 
After  jirotracted  effort,  he  secured  the  approval 
of  the  plan  by  the  Trustees  of  the  Library 
Association,  when  he  prepared  for  such  purpose 
a  bill,  which  was  jjassed  by  the  Legislature. 
Whereupon,  the  City  Council,  "  deeming  it 
essential  to  establish  a  Library  and  Heading 
Room,"  passed  a  resolution  providing  therefor 
and  authorizing  the  levy  of  a  tax  for  such  pur- 
pose. A  Board  of  Trustees  was  appointed, 
consisting  of  nine  members,  which  was  organ- 
ized June  24,  1873.  By  the  organic  law,  the 
Board  of  Education  was  directed  to  "  transfer 
to  the  custody  and  control  of  the  Trustees  of 
the  Library  whatever  library  or  libraries  may 
be  in  their  possession  or  control,  except  such 
books  of  reference,  maps,  or  charts,  as  the 
Board  of  Education  niaj'  think  proper  to  re- 
tain for  use  in  School  buildings,  and  thereafter 
no  tax  shall  be  levied  by  such  Board  of  Educa- 
tion for  a  Library  fund."  The  Library  Associ- 
ation, by  vote  of  its  members,  had  instructed 
its  Directors  to  transfer  all  its  property — the 
Public  Library  assuming  all  liabilities.  After 
paying  all  debts  of  the  Association,  there  was 
left  to  the  crdit  of  the  Library  fund  $333.86. 
The  number  of  volumes  received  from  the 
Library  Association,  was  4,878,  a  number  of 
maps  and  engravings,  two  lots  on  Forrer  Street, 
and  8105  in'  cash.  Col.  D.  F.  DeWolf,  Super- 
intendent of  Schools,  with  Wm.  H.  Scott,  Chair- 
man of  the  Public  Library  Committee,  selected 
from  the  School  Library  1,320  volumes,  to  be 
retained  for  the  use  of  the  Public  Schools. 


The  new  Library  was  opened  to  the  public 
Novembers,  1873,  at  Northeast  corner  of  Sum- 
mit and  Madison  Streets,  with  6,198  volumes. 
From  the  first,  popular  appreciation  of  tlie 
movement  was  manifested,  4,457  volumes  hav- 
ing been  drawn  during  the  first  month;  which 
favor  has  followed  the  estaldishment  to  the 
present  time.  The  chief  embarrassment  now 
experienced,  arises  from  the  lack  of  adequate 
accommodations  for  the  large  and  growing 
supply  of  books,  which  in  1887  numbered 
nearly  25,000. 

The  proportion  of  volumes  issued  to  the 
number  in  the  Library,  furnishes  the  best  test 
of  the  favor  with  which  such  institutions  are 
held.  In  1887,  with  25,000  volumes,  the  circu- 
lation was  113,458  volumes;  or  over  four  times 
the  number  on  hand.  The  latter  number  was 
an  increase  of  10,750  over  1886.  The  largest 
monthly  issue  for  1887,  was  11,639,  in  March, 
and  the  smallest  monthly  issue,  in  Julj^  7,579. 
The  largest  weekly  issue,  March  7th  to  13th, 
2,664  ;  and  the  smallest,  June  27th  to  July  4th, 
1,638.  The  largest  daily  issue  was  February 
12th,  704;  and  the  smallest,  July  27th,  225. 
The  daily  average  for  the  year  was  371.  The 
daily  average  for  1886  was  335. 

The  comparative  record  of  Toledo  and  other 
Cities  with  Free  Libraries,  is  found  to  be  as 
follows  for  1886 : 

Vols,  in        Home 
CUks.  Library.    CircuUU'n. 

Brooklyn,  N.Y 93,659  112,152 

Brookline,  Mass 31,6,32  47,921 

Chicago 129,121  62(1,825 

Cincinnati 168,444  210,966 

Dayton 22,941  90,097 

Detroit 59,653  147,616 

Indianapolis 39,-590  169,369 

Kansas    City 1.5,000  28,192 

Lawrence,  Mass 25,-541  104,152 

Milwaukee 35,906  76,375 

Newton,  Mass 25,084  90,230 

Providence,  R.  I 34,758  82,179 

St.  Louis 61,.578  111,8.35 

St.  Paul 12,995  .5.5,649 

Taunton,  Mass 2.5,7.57  63,607 

Toledo 22,777  102,788 

Toledo  (1887) 25,000  113,4.58 

As  seen,  the  average  circulation  of  the  15 
other  Cities  named,  is  240  per  cent,  of  volumes 
in  Library,  while  that  of  Toledo  for  same  year 
was  408  per  cent.,  and  for  1887,  452  per  cent. 

It  is  proper  hei'e  to  state  that  Toledo  was  the 
first   City   of  Ohio  to  provide  a  Free  Libraiy 
for    its    citizens,    independent  of    the    Public 
Schools,  as  it  was  one  of  the  first  in  the  West 
ern  States. 


CHAPTER    II. 


P0BLIO    PKE88. 


IN  no  Other  manner  has  American  appreci- 
ation of  the  Press,  as  an  aujency  for  the 
promotion  of  mental,  moral  and  material  pros- 
perity-, been  more  clearly  shown,  than  in  tlie 
prominent  position  given  the  same  in  nearly 
every  advance  of  population  and  development 
in  the  great  West.  Close  with  the  School- 
house  and  the  Church,  and  always  co-operating 
therewith,  the  Newspaper  has  gone,  as  soon, 
and  often  before,  the  conditions  gave  reasonable 
assurance  of  meagre  support.  Its  eflPectiveness 
has  been  recognized  bj^  the  adventurous  in 
vestor  of  capital  in  local  enterprises,  no  less 
than  by  those  seeking  moral  and  intellectual 
benefits  from  its  presence.  These  co-operating 
influences,  stimulating  the  characteristic  enter- 
prise of  Printers,  did  much  toward  the  early 
Ijresence  of  the  Press  throughout  the  pioneer 
setllemen  ts  of  the  West.  The  result  very  often 
was,  that  such  ventures  proved  altogether  pre- 
mature, and  for  lack  of  adequate  support, 
entailed  severe  toil,  protracted  struggle  and 
ultimate  failure.  The  story  of  this  department 
of  pioneer  experience,  if  fully  written,  would 
be  one  to  place  the  Printers  and  Publishers 
prominent  in  the  list  of  sufferers  of  the  "early 
time."  As  already  suggested,  the  value  of  the 
Press  as  an  agency,  led  to  its  employment  by 
the  projectors  of  Cities  and  Towns,  the  "pe. 
culiar  advantages  "  of  whose  localities  could 
not  be  made  known  without  such  medium  ;  and 
often  a  press  and  type  went  forward  vvith  the 
first  shipment  of  goods  to  the  chosen  site.  In 
this  respect,  the  Maumee  Valley  was  by  no 
means  an  exception,  since  in  some  cases  we 
find  the  Press  here  even  in  advance  of  the 
School-house  and  the  Church. 

The  first  newsjiaper  issued  within  the  present 
limits  of  Ohio,  was  The  Centinel  of  the  North- 
west Territory,  at  Cincinnati,  in  1703.  The 
Cincinnati  Gazette  claims  lineal  descent  from 
the  Centinel.  The  second  was  the  Scioto  Ga- 
zette, at  Chillicothe,  in  1800,  bj'  Nathaniel 
Willis,  grandfather  of  N.  P.  Willis.  It  is  still 
published,  with  its  original  name. 

The  third  paper  published  in  Oiiio  was  the 
Ohio  Gazette  and  Virginia  Herald,  started  at 
Marietta  about  December  1,  1801,  with  Wyllis 
Silliman  as  Publisher,  and  Elijah  Backus 
(grandfather  of  Abner  L.  Backus,  of  Toledo) 
as  Editor.  A  copy  of  the  first  number,  with 
others,  is  now  in  the  library  of  the  Antiquarian 
Society  at  Worcester,  Mass.  The  establishment 
was  sold   out  by  the  Sherifi'  in   1808,  and  the 


paper  suspended.  The  last  Publisher  of  the 
paper  (Samuel  Fairlamb)  died  in  the  Mus- 
kingum County  Infirmary,  at  an  old  age,  about 
1861.  The  paper  was  revived,  and  after  many 
changes,  came  to  have  its  present  name,  the 
Marietta  Register.  The  press  first  used,  had  a 
wooden  frame,  with  a  stone  bed,  and  evidently 
was  of  the  Ramage  patent,  elsewhere  referred 
to  in  this  volume.  It  was  burned  in  a  fire  in 
1859,  notliingof  it  now  remaining  save  the  bed, 
which  is  used  for  the  top  of  a  table.  Pull  files 
of  this  paper  since  1813,  are  now  in  the  College 
Library,  at  Marietta. 

The  first  newspaper  published  in  the  lower 
Maumee  Valley,  was  the  Miami  of  the  Lake, 
which  was  started  at  Perrysburg,  December  11, 
1833,  by  J.  W.  Scott  and  Henry  Darling.  In 
June,  1834,  J.  Austin  Scott  bought  the  estab- 
lishment, and  associated  with  himself  as  Pub- 
lishers, J.  H.  McBride  and  Henry  Reed,  Jr. 
In  February,  1835,  Mr.  Scott  disposed  of  his 
interest  to  Mr.  McBride.  Subsequently,  under 
different  names,  it  was  publislied  by  H.  L. 
Hosmer,  H.  T.  Smith,  Wm.  P.  Reznor  and 
others. 

In  May,  1834,  James  Irvine  Browne  came  to 
Toledo,  from  Easton,  Penn.  He  was  then 
about  28  years  of  age,  a  gentleman  of  education 
and  refinement,  and  withal,  quite  a  poet.  He 
came  under  an  arrangement  with  Edward  Bis- 
sell  and  others,  for  the  purpose  of  starting  and 
conducting  a  newspaper,  and  it  was  expected 
that  the  printing  press  and  materials  would 
soon  follow.  Delays  were  caused  in  different 
ways.  In  the  first  place,  there  was  no  building 
which  could  be  occupied  for  such  purpose,  and 
it  was  necessary  to  await  the  construction  of 
the  buildingwiiich  was  to  become  Toledo's  first 
printing  office.  It  was  located  on  the  South 
side  of  Lagrange  Street,  about  half-way  be- 
tween Summit  and  Water,  on  the  second  floor 
of  a  two-story  frame  building,  and  over  a 
grocery  and  provision  store  kept  by  Daniel 
Washburn.  Then  a  contest  arose  between 
"  Upper  "  and  "  Lower  Towns,"  for  the  location 
of  the  new  paper.  Finally,  about  the  1st  of 
August,  the  materials  arrived,  a  compromise 
between  the  "Towns"  was  effected,  and  ope 
rations  commenced.  Mr.  Browne  set  up  his 
own  type,  and  worked  his  own  press,  having 
neither  "Jour."  nor  "Devil"  to  assist  him. 
About  the  15th  of  August,  1834,  appeared  the 
first  number  of  the  Toledo  Herald,  the  first 
newspaper  issued  within  the  present  limits  of 


[637] 


{i38 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Lucas  County.  It  was  a  very  creditable  sheet, 
in  both  contents  and  appearance.  But  three 
or  four  numbers  were  issued,  when  Mr.  Browne 
was  taken  sick,  necessarily  suspending  the 
paper. 

Soon  thereafter  the  paper  was  revived,  under 
the  name  of  the  Toledo  Gazette,  and  ^ath  the 
same  management.  Its  early  issues  were  some- 
what irregular,  over  seven  months  or  32  weeks 
having  elapsed  during  the  publication  of  21 
numbers.  Like  the  Herald,  it  was  started  by 
Mr.  Browne,  who  was  the  publisher  in  March, 
1835.*  When  he  withdrew,  is  not  known.  In 
May,  1836,  Sam.  Allen  gave  notice  that  he  was 
the  owner  of  the  office,  and  had  purchased  all 
interest  in  the  paper  from  its  second  number, 
and  in  the  advertising  from  March  15,  1836. 
July  2,  1836,  Curtis  A.  Bana  resigned  as  Pub- 
lisher. The  materials  of  the  Gazette  office  were 
subsequently  purchased  by  the  late  Adoljjhus 
Kramer,  for  use  in  establishing  a  newspaper  at 
Hartford  (then  in  Sandusky,  now  in  Ottawa 
County).  The  financial  collapse  of  1837  pre- 
vented such  use  of  them,  and  in  the  year  fol- 
lowing (1838)  they  were  .sold  to  a  joint  stock 
Company  of  Democrats  at  Lower  Sandusky 
(Fremont),  and  were  used  in  printing  the  San- 
dusky County  Democrat,  some  of  them  probably 
yet  remaining  in  the  office  of  the  Fremont 
Messenger. 

The  next  paper  established  at  Toledo  and  in 
the  County,  was  the  Blade,  which  was  started 
early  in  1830.  The  earliest  copies  now  to  be 
found,  are  in  the  files  preserved  by  Abel  W. 
Fairbanks,  who,  in  connection  with  L.  L.  Wil- 
lard,  became  a  publisher  in  May,  1837.  Mr. 
Fairbanks  has  placed  the  people  of  Toledo  under 
special  obligation  to  him,  by  donating  to  their 
Public  Library  complete  files  of  that  paper 
during  his  connection  with  it,  about  13  years. 
Mr.  Willard  continued  with  the  Blade  but  a 
few  months,  when  Mr.  Fairbanks  became  sole 
Publisher.  During  the  political  campaign  of 
1840,  Andrew  Palmer,  formerly  a  Democrat, 
but  an  active  supporter  of  Harrison  for  Presi- 
dent, edited  the  paper,  continuing  as  such  until 
December  of  that  year.  In  April,  1841,  S.  S. 
Blanchard  became  a  partner  in  the  publication 
of  the  paj)er,  continuing  as  such  to  July,  1842, 
at  which  time  Edward  A.  Graves  appeared  as 
sole  Publisher,  with  Daniel  McBain  as  Editor 
— Mr.  Fairbanks  then  taking  the  Job  Printing 
and  Bindery  departments  of  the  business.    Mr. 

*Mr.  Browne  was  the  Publisher  of  this  paper,  as 
of  the  few  issues  of  the  Herald,  only  in  the  sense  that 
his  name  appeared  as  such,  because  he  was  in  charge 
of  the  office.  He  probably  had  no  pecuniary  invest- 
ment in  the  business.  The  proprietors  were  leading 
property  owners  of  Toledo,  who  employed  such 
agency  for  promoting  their  interests.  Verv  promi- 
nent in  that  connection,  was  Andrew  Palmer,  him- 
self a  practical  Printer,  and  a  former  Publisher  in  the 
State  of  New  York,  who  turned  his  experience  to 
account,  as  more  stated  in  the  biographical  sketch  of 
that  gentleman  elsewhere  in  this  volume. 


McBain  became  a  co-Publisher  in  January, 
1843,  and  remained  such  until  July,  following, 
when  he  and  Mr.  Graves  gave  place  to  Mr. 
Fairbanks,  as  Publisher,  who  was  alone  until 
March,  1844,  at  which  time  Jessup  W.  Scott 
became  the  Editor,  and  continued  as  such  until 
July,  1847,  having,  meantime,  been  associated 
as  Publisher,  from  March,  1845. 

May  16,  1846,  marked  a  point  of  progress  of 
special  importance  in  the  paper's  history.  At 
that  time  appeared  the  first  issue  of  the  Tri- 
Weekly  Blade.  For  ten  years  the  Weekly 
edition  had  struggled  for  bare  existence,  against 
the  obstacles  and  embarrassments  common  to 
like  enterprises  in  young  Towns,  a  portion  of 
the  time  called  to  divide  with  vigorous  com- 
petitors the  limited  support  possible  for  the 
local  press.  July  19,  1847,  H.  L.  Hosmer  be- 
came a  partner  as  Publisher  and  the  Editor, 
remaining  until  March,  1849.  Then  Mr.  Fair- 
banks resumed  as  Publisher,  with  Dr.  Graham, 
as  Editor ;  which  ari-angement  closed  in  October 
following. 

April  17,  1848,  a  second  important  advance 
was  made,  in  the  issue  of  the  first  number  of 
the  Daily  Blade,  the  size  of  the  sheet  being 
20x26  inches.  In  January,  1850,  Stephen  T. 
and  H.  L.  Hosmer  took  the  establishment,  with 
the  latter  as  Editor,  Mr.  Fairbanks  then  leaving 
Toledo  to  become  a  partner  of  Josiah  A.  Harris, 
in  the  publication  of  the  Cleveland  Herald. 
January  29,  1852,  S.  T.  Hosmer  withdrew,  and 
Peter  E.  Latimer  and  Samuel  Andrews,  with 
H.  L.  Hosmer,  formed  the  firm  of  Latimer, 
Andrews  &  Co.,  Mr.  Hosmer  acting  as  Editor. 
In  Januarj^,  1853,  Hosmer,  Andrews  &  Co. 
became  the  Publishers,  Mr.  Hosmer  still  being 
the  Editor,  with  G.  G.  Lyon  as  his  associate. 
This  arrangement  was  closed  in  May  following 
(1853)  by  the  .sale  of  the  establishment  to  Joseph 
E.  Williams,  who  both  published  and  edited  the 
paper  for  most  of  the  time  until  September, 
1856.  At  that  time  Clark  Waggoner,  of  Toledo, 
and  G.  T.  Stewart,  of  Norwalk,  for  $6,000, 
bought  the  establishment,  including  the  news- 
paper, the  job  printing  office  and  the  book 
bindery.  Samuel  G.  Arnold,  for  some  time 
previous  in  charge  of  the  editorial  department, 
remained  in  that  capacity  until  the  Spring  of 
1858,  and  was  succeeded  for  a  few  months  by 
Wm.  C.  Earl,  when  Mr.  Waggoner  took  charge 
of  the  paper  as  Editor,  and  continued  as  such 
until  his  witiidrawal  from  the  establishment  in 
August,  1865.  In  January',  1857,  Alonzo  D. 
Pelton  became  a  partner  in  the  business,  and  in 
September,  1865,  became  sole  proprietor,  with 
David  R.  Locke,  as  Editor.  In  1867,  Mr.  Locke 
and  John  Paul  Jones  became  partners  in  the 
firm  of  A.  D.  Pelton  &  Co.  In  1868,  Dr.  A.  P. 
Miller  taking  the  intei-est  of  Mr.  Pelton,  the 
firm  of  Miller,  Locke  &  Co.  took  the  paper,  who 
were  succeeded  by  Locke  &  Jones,  Mr.  Locke 
continuing  as  Editor.  In  1874  Mr.  Jones  be- 
came sole    proprietor,  with    E.  A.  Higgins  as 


PUBLIC  PRESS. 


(;3!) 


Editor;  and  was  succeedod  in  187(5,  by  Dr. 
Miller  and  T.  P.  Brown,  Dr.  Miller  beintr  the 
Editor.  In  August  of  that  year,  the  Toledo 
Blade  Company  was  organized,  with  A.  P. 
Miller  as  President  and  Editor  ;  T.  P.  Brown 
as  Vice  President;  and  Frank  T.  Lane,  as 
Secretai'v  and  Treasurer.  During  the  same 
year  Mr.  Locke  became  the  President  and  A. 
W.  Gleason  the  Vice  President  of  the  Company. 
This  corporation  published  the  three  editions 
of  the  Blade,  and  also  Locke's  Month!}-  and  the 
American  Farm  Journal  (two  monthly  publi- 
cations previously  started),  until  March,  1877, 
when  Alex.  Eeed  and  Heman  D.  Walbridge 
(as  the  Toledo  Newsjiaper  Company)  became 
the  Publishers  of  the  Daily  and  Tri-AVeekly 
editions,  and  continued  as  such  until  1878,  the 
Weekly  edition  and  the  Monthly  issues  still 
being  published  by  the  Blade  Companj-,  which 
resumed  control  of  the  Daily  and  Tri-Weekly 
in  1878,  and  since  that  date  has  continued  to 
publish  all  editions  of  the  Blade,  the  monthly 
publications,  meantime,  havingbeen  suspended. 
Mr.  Lane  has  acted  as  Business  Manager  since 
the  organization  of  the  Blade  Company  in  1870, 
and  Mr.  Locke  as  Editor  since  1878.  The 
present  officers  are,  D.  E.  Locke,  President; 
A.  W.  Gleason,  Vice  President ;  and  F.  T.  Lane, 
Secretary  and  Treasurer.  Beside  those  already 
named,  Eev.  Robert  McCune,  now  of  Ironton, 
Ohio;  Abram  P.  Miller,  now  of  Minnesota; 
W.  H.  Busby,  now  of  Chicago  ;  John  H.  McEl- 
roy,  now  of  Washington,  D.  C;  and  S.  S. 
Knabenshue  and  Eobinson  Locke,  of  Toledo, 
have  acted  as  Managing  Editor  of  the  Blade. 

In  addition  to  those  regular!}'  employed  as 
writers,  a  large  number  of  persons -especially 
in  the  first  years  of  the  paper,  when  its  limited 
resoui'ces  forbade  much  expenditure  for  edito- 
rial service — have  rendered  valuable  gratuitous 
assistance  in  that  department.  Among  the 
earliest  of  these  were  Geo.  B.  Way,  Pierre  M. 
L'viiig  (a  nephew  of  Washington  Irving), 
Richard  Mott,  John  R.  Osborn,  C.  W.  Hill, 
Andrew  Palmer,  Ealph  P.  Biickland  (now  of 
Fremont),  Hiram  Walbridge,  M.  H.  Tilden 
and  Judge  E.  D.  Potter.  In  some  cases  the 
paper  was  supplied  weekly  hy  several  of  these, 
and  sometimes  a  single  writer  would  do  all. 
Considering  the  embarrassments  attending  such 
service,  the  columns  of  the  paper  bear  testi- 
mony to  the  ability  and  success  of  the  volun- 
teers. 

As  already  stated,  the  Blade  was  issued 
weekly  only,  from  183(i  to  May  11,  184C,  when 
a  Tri-Weekly  edition  appeared;  and  April  17, 
1848,  the  Daily  Blade.  Some  idea  of  the  circu- 
lation of  the  papei-  about  those  days  may  be 
had,  when  it  is  stated  that  in  185(1  the  local  or 
Town  subscriptions  to  the  Daily  edition  num- 
bered 109;  to  the  Tri-Weekly,  24;  and  to  the 
Weekly,  67  ;  making  a  total  of  200  in  Toledo 
for  the  three.  It  may  be  further  remarked, 
that  the  Daily  circulation  was  chiefly  at  home. 


A  few  were  sent  down  the  Canals  to  persons 
interested  in  the  Toledo  market,  l)ut  not  many. 
The  Blade  office  has  had  nine  different  loca- 
tions, beginning  with  April,  1837,  as  follows; 

1.  In  a  brick  building,  201  Summit  Street. 

2.  The  next  door  Kast,  No.  203. 

3.  Summit  Street,  near  Lagrange. 

4.  In  Richard  Mott's  Block,  a  little  below  Cherry, 
on  Summit  Street. 

5.  A  frame  building,  204  Summit  Street,  now  the 
site  of  B.  Meilink's  Furniture  Store.  Subsequently 
the  Toledo  High  School  was  organized  and  held  there 
until  its  removal  to  the  present  Central  School  build- 
ing. 

6.  In  the  Poag.  Block,  Southeast  corner  of  Sum- 
rait  and  Madison  Streets  (up  stairs). 

7.  In  the  Blade  building  adjoining  (150  Summit), 
erected  for  the  purpose  in  1.S,5l'. 

S.  In  the  second  Blade  building,  1.52x154  St.  Clair 
Street,  now  wholly  ogcupied  by  the  Blade  Printing 
and  Paper  Company. 

9.  In  the  third  and  present  Blade  building.  South- 
east corner  of  Jefferson  and  Superior  Streets. 

The  fourth  newspaper  in  Toledo  was  the 
Toledo  Register,  which  appeared  September 
14,  1841,  Charles  I.  Scott  being  Editor  and 
Publisher.  It  was  Democratic  in  politics,  and 
was  the  first  paper  in  the  County  supporting 
that  party,  the  (jazette  having  been  neutral  as 
to  National  politics,  and  the  Blade  a  Whig 
paper.  The  Editor  of  the  Register  explained 
the  appearance  of  his  paper  in  this  way:  "The 
necessity  for  the  establishment  of  a  newspaiJor 
in  this  District  advocating  Democratic  prin- 
ciples, has  long  been  felt ;  but  the  success  of 
the  present  undertaking  depends  upon  the  sup- 
port of  those  who  feel  friendly  to  the  great 
political  party  it  will  endeavor  to  support." 
At  that  time,  the  rupture  at  Washington  be 
tween  President  Tyler  and  the  Whigs,  was  ' 
taking  definite  shape,  and  the  Register  was  in 
a  measure  in  sympathy  with  the  former  in  the 
contest.  Mr.  Scott  continued  to  conduct  the 
paper  until  1843,  when  he  sold  it  to  Garret  D. 
Palmer,  who  soon  changed  its  name  to  Toledo 
Herald,  and  continued  its  publication  until 
May,  1844,  when  it  was  susj^ended  and  was  not 
revived.  The  Proprietor  stated  that  the  sus- 
pension of  the  paper  was  "on  account  of  the 
general  apathy  of  the  Democrats  of  the  District 
in  supporting  their  newspaper  press  in  such 
manner  as  was  both  their  duty  and  interest  to 
do.  The  present  numlier,  then,"  he  conliniicd, 
"will  bo  the  last,  until  an  entirely  diflFercnt 
state  of  feeling  exists  among  the  Democracv  of 
the  County  and  this  District."  In  another 
article  calling  attention  to  the  Job  Printing 
office  connected  with  the  Herald  establislimcTil, 
the  proprietor  stated  (hat  jol)  work  would  be 
done  "cheaper  than  the  same  could  be  done  by 
any  newspaper  establishment  West  of  New 
York."  This  fact  was  explained  b}'  saying 
that  it  was  "customary  for  ])ublisliers  to  make 
their  job  work  pay  for  a  large  portion  of  the 
heavy  expenses  of  publishing  a  news])a])ei-,  and 
as  he  no  longer  had  such   encumbrance  on  his 


t)40 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


hands,  ho  would  bo  able  to  do  work  at  40  per 
cent,  below  the  usual  prices." 

Fifth  of  the  Toledo  newspapers  was  the 
Gazette  No.  two,  which  appeared  first  in  June, 
1844,  and  was  published  by  E.  M.  Morrison, 
formerly  of  the  Manhattan  Telegraph.  The 
paper  did  not  last  long. 

In  March,  1849,  appeared  the  Toledo  Com- 
mercial Republican,  Daily  and  Weekly,  of 
which  Miller  &  Co.  were  Publishers,  and  Chas. 
R.  Miller,  Editor.  It  was  what  then  was  known 
as  "  Free  Democratic,"  or  Democratic  with 
"  Free  Soil  "  proclivities.  Under  such  manage- 
ment it  was  continued  until  1851,  when  James 
Myers  and  Josiah  Eiley  became  the  Publishers, 
with  Mr.  Eiley  as  Editor.  This  arrangement 
continued  for  two  or  three  years,  when  Silas 
W.  Wilder  succeeded  Judge  Mj^ers  as  co  Pub- 
lisher. In  June,  1854,  Mr.  Eiley  became  sole 
Proprietor,  and  remained  such  until  November 
following,  when  Wilshire  Eiley  became  bis 
partner.  This  firm  continued  until  September, 
1855,  and  was  then  succeeded  by  Riley,  Boyd 
&  Co.,  James  A.  Boyd,  a  practical  Printer, 
being  a  member  of  the  firm,  which  published 
the  iiaper  until  1858,  when  it  was  susjjended. 
In  February,  1862,  under  the  nameof  the  Tole- 
do Commercial,  it  was  revived  by  J.  A.  Boyd 
and  C.  H.  Coy,  of  the  firm  of  Boyd  &  Co.,  Mr. 
Eiley  continuing  as  Editor.  This  arrange- 
ment continued  until  January,  1864,  when  the 
Commercial  Printing  Company  was  organized, 
with  the  following  officers :  Directors — Peter 
Lenk,  James  C.  Hall,  S.  A.  Eaymond,  John  W. 
fliett  and  W.  H.  Jones;  President — S.  A. 
Eaymond;  Secretary  and  Business  Manager — 
J.  W.  Hiett.  This  arrangement  continued  for 
something  over  a  year,  at  which  time  the  paper 
passed  into  the  hands  of  I.  E.  Sherwood,  J.  W. 
Bailey  and  Joseph  E.  Marx,  with  Stephen  J. 
Meany  as  Editor.  Sam.  Andi-ews,  G.  T.  Stewart 
and  P.  T.  Bartlett  became  partners  in  the 
paper. 

In  September,  1866,  Clark  Waggoner  and 
Ealph  H.  Waggoner,  constituting  the  firm  of 
Clark  Waggoner  &  Son,  purchased  the  establish- 
ment, and  continued  the  business  until  April, 
1871,  the  former  acting  as  Editor  and  the  latter 
as  Business  Manager.  The  Toledo  Commercial 
Company  was  then  organized,  with  Clark 
Waggoner  as  President  and  Editor,  and  E.  K. 
Waggoner  as  Secretary  and  Treasurer.  By 
this  Company  the  business  was  continued  until 
it  was  succeeded  by  the  Toledo  Newspaper 
Company,  March  1,1877,  the  Messrs.  Waggoner 
withdrawing  in  January,  1876.  The  latter 
association  continued  the  business  until  sue 
ceeded  by  S.  D.  Eich,  November  18,  1878,  who 
remained  about  one  year,  when  A.  W.  Search, 
of  Coshocton,  Ohio,  took  the  paper  for  a  few 
weeks,  when  the  paper  returned  to  the  Com- 
mercial Company,  in  whose  interest  it  waspub- 
lished  until  November,  1880.  At  that  time, 
J.  B.  Battelle  &  Co.  took  it  and   changed  its 


name  to  Toledo  Telegram,  and  published  it 
until  March,  1883,  at  which  time  it  was  pur- 
chased by  James  M.  Comly,  Andrew  W.  Fran- 
cesco and  Alfred  E.  Lee,  from  Columbus.  In 
July  following,  Captain  Lee  withdrew,  and  the 
business  was  continued  by  his  associates  until 
the  withdrawal  of  Mr.  Francisco  in  1885.  Gen. 
Comly  and  A.  D.  Pelton,  as  Comly  &  Co.,  then 
took  the  paper  and  conducted  it  until  the  death 
of  the  former  in  1887,  he  having  been  the 
Editor  since  March,  1883,  the  name  Commercial, 
meantime,  having  been  resumed.  Since  his 
death  a  son  (Guj-  S.  Comly)  has  had  charge  of  the 
paper,  Mr.  Pelton  acting  as  Business  Manager. 
January  1,  1873,  the  Toledo  Printing  and 
Publishing  Company  was  organized,  with  the 
following  officers :  President,  Colonel  J.  C. 
Prankenberger;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  S. 
G.  McCullough.  Inl876,  H.S.  Chapin  became 
the  President,  and  continued  as  such  until  1883, 
when  John  Paul  Jones  succeeded  to  the  position, 
and  acted  as  such  for  one  year.  The  name  of 
the  corporation,  meantime,  was  changed  to 
"  The  Toledo  Bee  Company."  For  over  three 
years,  its  business  consisted  in  Job  and  Book 
Printing  exclusively.  In  April,  1876,  H.  S. 
Chapin  started  the  Toledo  Evening  Bee,  and 
soon  thereafter  that  paper  was  transferred  to 
the  corporation,  which  has  published  it  since 
that  time,  and  continued  the  Job  and  Book 
Printing  business.  H.  S.  Chapin  was  the  Editor 
of  the  Bee  from  April,  1876,  to  December,  1883, 
when  ho  was  succeeded  by  J.  P.  Jones,  who 
continued  as  such  to  January,  1885,  at  which 
time  F.  J.  Oblinger  became  Editor,  acting  as 
such  until  succeeded  by  E.  W.  Harris,  in  Sep- 
tember, 1885.  In  October,  1886,  Elmer  White 
became  the  Editor,  and  continues  as  such. 
A.  D.  Pelton  was  the  Business  Manager,  from 
April,  1876,  to  January,  1880  ;  E.  A.  Brinker. 
hoff  from  Januarj-,  1880,  to  January,  1881 ;  F. 
P.  Chapin  from  January,  1881,  to  January, 
1882;  S.  G.  McCullough  from  January,  1882,  to 
October,  1886,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Mr. 
Chapin,  the  present  incumbent.  From  its 
commencement  until  October,  1886,  the  Bee, 
politically,  held  a  ijosition  of  independence. 
Since  the  date  named,  it  has  been  a  Democratic 
paper.  Its  editions  have  been  Daily  and 
Weekly,  which  have  steadily  increased  in  size. 
For  a  time  it  was  printed  on  a  single-cylinder 
Hoe  firess ;  which  was  succeeded  by  a  four- 
cylinder  press.  It  now  uses  a  Webb  Perfecting 
press,  of  the  most  improved  styla 

In  1868,  P.  H.  Bateson  commenced  the  pub- 
lication of  the  Toledo  Journal,  a  weekly  paj)er, 
which  was  continued  by  him  until  John  J. 
Manor  becameassociated  with  him  in  1870,  the 
firm  becoming  Bateson  &  Manor.  For  a  time 
the  paper  was  issued  three  times  a  week.  In 
1871  H.  S.  Chapin  acquired  an  interest  in  the 
business,  and  the  Journal  became  a  Sunday 
paper.  In  1873  Mr.  Bateson  retired,  Mr.  Chapin 
continuing  the  paper   alone   until  May,  1874. 


PUBLIC  PRESS. 


641 


Mrs.  Sarah  E.  L.  Williams  bot'amo  aasociatod  in 
the  business,  and  assumed  charge  of  the  Wo- 
man's Eights  department,  which  had  existed 
since  1870.  In  November,  1875,  tlie  establish- 
ment passed  into  the  hands  of  Isaac  B.  Sher- 
wood and  George  S.  Cantield.  The  Woman's 
Eights  department  was  then  suspended,  and 
the  Journal,  in  politics,  became  independent 
Eepublican.  Subsequently  it  was  a  Gi'eenback 
or  National  paper.  In  1883  Mr.  Canfield  with- 
drew. 1.  E.  Sherwood  continued  as  sole  pro- 
prietor, Mrs.  K.  B.  Sherwood  assisting  in  the 
editorial  management  of  the  paper,  until  188G, 
when  C.  C.  Packard  and  E.  J.  Tippett,  the 
present  Publishers,  took  the  paper. 

The  Manhattan  Advertiser  was  started  in 
July,  1836,  by  Benjamin  F.  Smead.  It  was 
suspended  in  the  Sj)ring  of  1840,  and  revived 
in  July,  Mr.  Smead  <lying  onl}- one  week  there- 
after, July  25th.  He  was  35  years  of  age.  Ho 
was  a  man  of  exceptional  ability,  and  gained 
honorable  prominence  as  editor,  under  circum- 
stances by  no  means  favorable.  He  was  called 
to  conduct  a  newspaper  ostensibly  as  a  jniblic 
journal,  but  really  little  more  than  the  adver- 
tising medium  of  the  proprietors  of  a  young 
Village,  struggling  with  desperate  persistence 
for  life  and  mastery  over  older  rivals.  When 
the  Advertiser  was  first  issued  (in  1830)  the 
Town  plat  of  Manhattan  was  not  a  year  old. 
The  paper  was  started  virtually  without  sub- 
scribers, and  with  slight  prospect  of  evei'  hav- 
ing enough  to  pay  the  cost  of  publication.  And 
yet,  through  the  pecuniary  sacrifice  of  those 
for  whom  it  was  issued,  and  the  efficient  efforts 
of  its  manager,  it  soon  assumed  abroad  the  char- 
/  acter  and  infiuence  of  a  real  newspaper.  Mr. 
Smead  spent  much  of  the  Winter  season  at 
Columbns,  whence  he  wrote  letters  to  his  paper. 
In  one  of  these,  he  said  he  had  ''  taken  a  case  " 
in  the  Statesman  office,  as  tyjjcsetter,  and  he 
hoped  to  be  able  with  the  wages  thus  earned, 
"  to  keep  the  Advertiser  going."  The  late  II.  S. 
Knapp  was  at  one  time  the  Editor  of  the  Ad- 
vertiser. 

It  would  prove  a  solemn,  if  not  a  profitable 
work,  to  give  in  detail  the  record  of  the  News- 
paper Graveyard  of  Toledo.  But  space  would 
notadmit  of  that.  In  common  with  all  growing- 
Cities,  Toledo  has  been  the  scene  of  great  extent 
of  journalistic  enterprise,  mo.st  of  which  was 
induced  by  special  interests,  and  having  little 
in  common  with  the  general  welfare,  was  short- 
lived. The  aim  here  has  been  to  refer  only  to 
siich  papers  as  attained  to  permanence.  Fol- 
lowing is  a  list  of  publications  issued  at  Toledo 
in  1887: 

Names  of  Publications.  Namen  of  Publisheis. 

Democratic  Herald  anil  Times R.  Seiner  &  Co. 

Health  and  Home G.  W.  Munsoii 

Industrial  News News  Publishing  Co. 

Industrielle  Nachricbten News  Publishing  Co. 

National  Poultry  and  Pets Chas.  Coughlin 

Journal  of  Dental  Science Ransom  &  Randolph 


Names  of  Publications.  Names  of  Publishirs. 

Railroader  Guide W.  O.  Brown,  Jr. 

Railway  Service  Gazette O.  A.  Browning  &  Co. 

Central  Good  Templar H.  B.  White. 

The  Stumbling  Stone L.  H.  Johnson. 

Toledo  American American  Printing  Co. 

Toledo  Daily  Bee Toledo  Bee  Co. 

Toledo  WceklvBee Toledo  Bee  Co. 

Toledo  City  Directorv R-  B-  I'olk  &  Co. 

Toledo  Dailv  Blade Blade  Company. 

Toledo  Weekly  Blade Blade  Company. 

Toledo  Daily  Commercial Condy  &  Co. 

Toledo  AVeekly  Commercial Comly  &  Co. 

Toledo  Express  (German) Jos.  Bender. 

Toledo  Journal Packard  &  Tippett. 

Toledo  News News  Publishing  t'o. 

Toledo  Volksfreund -    E.  V.  K.  Uansch. 

Wagar's  Official  Railway  Guide C.  P.  Wagar. 

PRESS  MISCELLANY. 

In  May,  1839,  the  newspapers  of  the  Maumeo 
Valley  were : 

The  Toledo  Blade,  published  by  A.  W.  Fairbanks ; 
the  Express,  at  Maumeo  City,  by  Henry  Reed,  Jr., 
and  Hezekiah  L.  Hosnier  ;  the  A<lvertiser,  at  Man- 
hattan, bv  B.  F.  Smead;  the  Miami  of  the  Lake,  by 
\Vm.  P.  Reznor,  at  Perrysburg;  and  the  Banner,  by 
John  B.  Semans,  at  Defiance.  Of  these,  the  Blade  is 
the  only  surviving  paper.  Of  the  publishers  there 
survive— Mr.  Fairbanks,  at  Cleveland  ;  Judge  Hos 
mer,  at  San  Francisco;   and  Mr.  Reed,  in  California. 

The  papers  then  published  in  the  neighboring 
Counties  were  as  follows  : 

Lower  Sandusky  (Fremont)  Whig,  by  Clark  Wag- 
goner. 

Sandusky  County  Democrat,  by  Wm.  Davis. 
Clarion,  at  Sandusky,  by  Daviil  Campbell  &  Sons. 
Commercial  Advertiser,  at  Huron,  by  H.  C.  Gray. 
Reflector,  at  Norwalk,  by  S.  &  C.  A.  Preston. 
Experiment,  at  Norwalk,  by  Hatch  &  Farr. 
Gazette,  at  Tittin,  by  S.  A.  Griswold. 

Of  these  papers,  five  now  exist — the  Eeflector 
and  Experiment,  at  Norwalk  ;  the  Clarion  (now 
the  Eegister),  at  Sandusky;  and  the  Gazette 
(now  the  Tribune),  at  Tiffin.  Of  the  publishers 
of  these  in  1839,  Samuel  A.  Griswold,  of  I^an- 
caster,  Ohio;  H.  C.  Gray,  of  Painesville;  and 
Clark  Waggoner,  of  Toledo,  are  believed  to  be 
the  only  survivors. 

The  Printers  ol  Toledo  celebrated  the  birth- 
day of  Franklin,  January  17,  18G7,  with  a  fes- 
tival and  ball,  at  the  King.4mry  House.  At  a 
preliminary  meeting,  W.  J.  Holmes,  Chairman, 
the  following  committees  were  appointed  :  On 
Speeches  and  Toasts— H.  T.  Smith,  J.  B.  How- 
ard, James  B.  Foley  and  Joseph  E.  Marx. 
Music,  Carriages  and  Supper — W.  J.  Holmes, 
M.  H.  Porter,  N.  T.  Nash  and  Henry  C.  Os- 
born.  On  Invitations — J.  B.  Foley,  Frank 
Marion,  George  L.  Johnson.  On  Printing — 
Frank  Marion,  II.  H.  Porter,  G.  Ij.  Johnson, 
John  D.  Campbell.  Honorary  Managers—  J. 
B.  Steedman,  Wm.  C.  Earl,  A.  T.  Stebbins,  H. 
L.  Hosmer,  Daniel  McBain,  Josiah  Eiley,S.  G. 
Arnold,  Charles  E.  Dennett,  Dr.  W.  W.  Jones, 
George  True,  J.  B.  Howard,  A.  D.  Pelton,  N. 


642 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


T.  Nash,H.  T.  Smith,  D.  O.Morton  and  George 
P.  Esto.  At  the  festival,  .Tosiah  Eilev  of  the 
Commercial,  acted  as  President;  and  Clark 
Waggoner  of  the  Blade,  H.  T.  Smith  of  the 
Tinies,  and  J.  E.  Marx  of  the  Express  (German ), 
as  Vice  Presidents.  Responses  to  toasts  were 
made  bv  J.  J.  French,  C.  Waggoner,  W.  C. 
Earl,  S.G.  Arnold,  of  the  Blade,  John  Eaton, 
Jr.,  Superintendent  Public  Schools,  H.  T.  Smith, 
H.  L.  Hosraer,  Daniel  McBain,  Mayor  C.  M. 
Dorr  and  J.  E.  Marx.  Volunteers  were  offered 
by  James  Van  Blarcum,  S.  W.  Drigg,  W.  G. 
Moore,  Samuel  S.  Wells,  George  Ij  Johnson, 
N.  T.  Nash,  Charles  F.  Brown  ("  Arteraus 
Ward"),  and  Charles  Sprague.  In  responding 
to  the  toast,  "  The  Press  of  Toledo,"  Mr.  Hos- 
mer  said  he  became  connected  with  the  local 
press  of  Maumee  in  1837,  and  started  the  Daily 
Blade  in  1847,  which  was  followed  by  the  Daily 
Commercial  Republican  in  1849. 

The  exigencies  to  which  the  pioneer  publish- 
ers of  the  West  were  subjected,  are  indicated 
by  the  following  announcement  made  by  Mr. 
Fairbanks,  in  the  Blade,  in  February,  1842,  to 
wit: 

The  subscriber  will  take  Michigan  State  scrip  at 
par,  and  Lucas  County  orders  at  six  shillings  on  the 
dollar,  in  payment  of  old  accounts  due  him.  And, 
moreover,  if  the  said  accounts  are  not  settled  by  the 
15th  of  March  next,  the  Justice  of  the  Peace  will  be 
the  gainer,  for  1  will  wait  no  longer. 

Michigan  scrip  was  then  worth  10  cents  on 
the  dollar,  and  County  order.s  50  cents. 

In  October,  1842,  the  Blade  had  this  an- 
nouncement: "Wheat  received  in  payment  of 
debts  due  this  office  at  65  cents  a  bushel.  Also, 
Wood,  green  or  dry.  Also,  Beeswax,  at  25 
cents  per  pound." 

In  1844,  the  Toledo  papers  were  from  10  to 
12  days  in  reaching  Fort  Wayne,  Indiana. 

On  the  1st  of  January,  1846,  the  Carriers  of 
the  Toledo  Blade  delivered  their  New  Year's 
Address,  the  more  personal  mention  of  which 
is  reproduced  here,  as  follows: 

I'm  proud  to  say  that  we  have  built 

Two  Churches  in  this  year  ; 
But  some,  perchance,  may  thinli  their  guilt 

By  such  an  act  goes  clear  ; 
For  they  will  boast  how  flue  they  look. 

Pointing  at  the  steeple- 
Discoursing  so  much  "  like  a  hook," 

You'd  think  'em  pious  people. 
Though  Churches  are  a  City's  pride. 

And  give  it  character- 
How  few  will  take  them  for  a  guide, 

Or  to  their  courts  repair  ! 
We  boast  much  of  our  ciiurches  here, 

And  think  them  very  fine  : 
Bui  take  good  care  to  keep  quite  clear 

Of  all  which  is  divine. 
When  Beecher,*  WeU-hl  or  BurgerJ  teaeli 

Unto  the  walls,  'tis  said  : 
Perhaps  it  is  as  well  to  preach 

To  empty  walls  as  heads. 
While  some  upon  their  beds  will  perch, 

Content  to  see  the  steeple. 
We  yet  see  many  go  to  Church, 

Like  pious,  holy  people. 
For  look,  ye  sirs,  what  men  are  here, 

("  The  ladies,  God  bless  them  !  ") 
Then  be  in  judgment  not  severe, 

My  boasting  to  condemn  ! 
Mason,  Potter,  Myers,  Brown, 

O'Hara  and  a  Hicks ; 
The  ScotiB  and  Mott,  and  Stickney,  known 


In  early  politics— 
With  l)nnicls,  Baker,  Perkins,  Smith, 

Tredwell,  ti>o,und  Lawtou— 
All  such  men  of  heart  and  pith. 

As  give  the  CSty  tone. 
Babcock.  Marsh  and  Hanks  and  Ludlow, 

Watkins,  loo,  and  Bissell, 
Are  men  you  only  need  but  know, 

To  prize  them  liigh  and  well ! 
Others  we  have,  of  equal  praise. 

Whom  I  would  class  with  these  ; 
But  should  I  their  names  emblaze. 

And  fancy  them  to  please? 
I  name  these,  not  to  praise  them  here 

By  my  simple  ditty  ; 
But  that  strangers  far  might  hear 

Who  are  in  our  City. 

*Pastor  of  First  Congregational  Church.  fPastor  of  the 
Methodist  Church.  ^Rector  of  Trinity  Church.  These  then 
coustituted  the  Clergj-  of  the  City. 

PRESS  OF  OHIO. 

Following  is  a  list  of  Newspapers  published 
in  Ohio  in  the  Spring  of  1819  :* 

Cleveland— Cleveland  Register  ;  A.  Logan,  Pub- 
lisher. 

Warren— Western  Reserve  Chronicle  ;  Hapgood  & 
Sprague. 

New  Lisbon,  Columbiana  Co. — Ohio  Patriot;  Wm. 
D.  Lepper. 

Canton,  Stark  Co.  — Ohio  Repository ;  John  Sax- 
ton.     (Establiished  by  him  in  ISl.'i.) 

Wooster— Ohio  Spectator;  Samuel  Baldwin,  Jr. 

Mt.  Vernon  — Ohio  Register;  John  P.  MeArdle, 
Publisher  of  the  Norwalk  Reporter  in  18l'8-29. 

Cadiz,  Harrison  County — Ohio  Luminary  ;  John 
Harris. 

Steuben ville— Western  Herald;  James  Wilson. 

Mt.  Pleasant,  Jefferson  County — Philanthropist; 
Elisha  Bates. 

St.Clairsville.  BelmontCounty— Belmont  Journal  ; 
A.  Ariu.strong. 

Marietta— American  Friend  ;  Royal  Prentiss. 

Zanesville — Muskingum  Messenger;  E.  T.  Cox 
(father  of  S.  S.  Cox,  now  member  of  Congress  from 
New  York),  and  Zanesville  Express  ;  Horace  Reed. 

Delaware  -Delaware  Gazette  ;  Drake  &  Hughes. 

Colundnis  — Columbus  Gazette  ;  P.  H.  Olmstead  ; 
and  Ohio  Monitor ;  David  Smith. 

Lancaster— Ohio  Eagle  (English  and  German)  ; 
John  Herman. 

Circleville— Olive  Branch  ;  Olds  &  Thrall. 

Gallipolis — Gallia  Gazette  ;  Josliua  Cushing. 

Chillicothe— Scioto  Gazette  ;  John  Bailhache  and 
Charles  Scott.     Supporter ;  George  Nashee. 

Hillsborough— Hillsborough  Gazette;  Moses  Ca- 
rothers. 

West  Union,  Adams  County — Political  Censor ; 
James  Findlay. 

Williamsburg,  Clermont  County — Clermont  Sen- 
tinel; C.  D.  JIcManahan. 

Cincinnati— Liberty  Hall;  (Gazette)  Morgan, Lodge 
&  Co.  Western  Spy  ;  Mason  &  Palmer.  Inijuisitor; 
Powers  &  Hopkins. 

Hamilton,  Butler  County — Miami  Herald  ;  W.  & 
J.  Cameron. 

LebMnon,  Warren  County — Western  Star  ;  Abram 
Van  Vleet. 

Xenia,  Green  County— Reading  Room ;  John 
Kendall. 

Dayton— Ohio  Watchman  ;  Robert  J.  Skinner. 

Springfield — The  Farmer  ;  Geogbegan  et  Rogers. 

Urbana — Urbana  Gazette  ;  Allen  M.  Potf. 

Following  is  believed  to  be  a  correct  list  of 
Newspapers  published  in  Ohio  in  the  j-ear  1835, 
to  wit: 

*James  Kilbourne's  State  Gazetteer. 


PUBLIC  PRESS. 


643 


Columbus— Ohio  State  Journal  ;  John  Bailhache, 
editor.  Ohio  Monitor ;  David  Smith.  Western  Hem- 
isphere ;  Gilbert  &  Bryan.     Sentinel ;  John  H.  Wood. 

Cincinnati— Gazette;  (daily  and  weekly)  Charles 
Hammond.  Republiean  ;  (daily  and  weekly)  Allen 
&  Disney.  Commercial  Daily  Advertiser;  K.  S. 
Thomas.  Advertiser  and  I'luenix ;  Moses  Dawson. 
Chronicle;  E.  Deraing.  Mirror;  Wm.  D.  (ialUinher 
and  Thos.  H.  Shreve.     Western  Magazine  ;  Jas.  Hall. 

Piqua— Gazette  ;  J.  B.Gregory. 

Troy -Times;  J.  T.  Tullis. 

Perrysburg- Miami  ot  the  Lake  ;  Scott  &  Darling. 

Dayton— Journal  ;  Van  Cleve  &  Comly.  Whig; 
S.  Dutton.     Herald  ;  John  Bigger. 

Lancaster— Ohio  Eagle;  John  and  C.  H.  Brough. 
Gazette  ;  P.  Van  Trump. 

Bellefr>ntaine— Gazette  ;  H.  B.  Strother. 

Urbana— Country  Collustrator  ;  A.  T.  Hays. 

Springfield— Pioneer  ;  J.  M.  Gallagher  &  Co. 

Xenia — Free  Press  ;  J.  H.  Purdy. 

Zanesville— Gazette  ;  Adam  Peters. 

Mansfield- Ohio  Spectator  ;  Reitzel  A  Leyman. 
Whig;  John  and  Charles  Borland. 

Sandusky- Clarion  ;  David  Campbell. 

Norwalk- Reflector  ;  S.  &  C.  A.  Preston. 

Milan— Milan  Times;  M.  H.  Tilden  &  Co.  (Myron 
H.  Tilden,  subseciuently  of  Toledo,  and  now[l.sS7]  of 
Cincinnati,  and  George  M.  Swan.) 

Elyria— Ohio  Atlas;  A.  A.  Bhss.  Republican; 
Samuel  L.  Hatch. 

Cleveland^Herald  ;  B.  Andrews.  Advertiser; 
W.  Woodward.     Whig  ;  L.  L.  Rice. 

Toledo— Gazette  ;  J.  Irvine  Brown,  Manager. 

Ravenna— Ohio  Star  ;  L.  Dewey. 

Painesville— Telegraph  ;  E.  D.  Howe. 

Warren— News  Letter  ;  T.  J.  McLain. 

Canton— Repository  ;  John  and  Joshua  Saxton. 
Democrat;  Wm.  Dunbar.  Vaterland's  Freund  ;  (Ger- 
man) Peter  Kaufman. 

Sidney — Herald  ;  Thomas  Smith. 

A  convention  of  the  representatives  of  the 
Ohio  Press  was  held  at  Toledo  September  20 
and  21,  1877.  The  following  persons  were 
present : 

B.  J.  Loomis,  Cincinnati  Commercial. 

Joshua  Saston,  Urbana  Gazette. 

O.  T.  Locke,  Tiflin  Tribune. 

John  M.  Myers,  Tiflin  Advertiser. 

James  K.  Newcomer,  Marion  Mirror. 

A.  W.  Fairbanks,  Cleveland  Herald. 

Lewis  Glessner,  Findlay  Courier. 

G.  Hammer,  Bellevue  Gazette. 

F.  Fieser,  Columbus  Westbote. 

Hugo  Prior,  Staats  Zeitung,  Canton. 

Frank  G.  Thompson,  Delaware  Gazette. 

H.  F.  Baker,  Local  News,  Bellevue. 

George  A.  Dark,  Genoa  Register. 

R.  B.  Curtiss,  Elmore  Tribune. 

P.  S.  Peters,  Columbus  Gazette. 

A.  F.  Perry,  Ashtabula  Gazette. 

J.  E.  Wilcox,  South  Toledo  Advertiser. 

I.  F.  Mack,  Sandusky  Register. 

J.  P.  Irvine,  Zauesville  Signal. 

Miss  Lillie  Darst,  Circleville  Herald. 

L.  D.  Myers,  Columbus  Dispatch. 

Lecky  Harper,  Mt.  Vernon  Banner. 

C.  G.  Lord,  Columbus  Sunday  News. 

D.  B.  Ainger,  Bryan  Press. 

Petro  Cuneo,  Upper  Sandusky  Republican. 
Frank  Browning,  Wilmington  Republican. 
L.  G.  Curtiss,  Cincinnati  Times. 
W.  S.  Homaker,  Bloomville  Banner. 
Will.  E.  Osborn,  Antwerp  Gazette. 
J.  H.  McElroy,  Toledo  Blade. 


Mrs.  F.  D.  Jermain,  Toledo  Commercial. 
J.  B.  Steedman,  Toledo  Democrat. 

Besides  these  wore  others  not  reported,  and 
the  following  from  distant  points  : 

Joseph  Medill,  Chicago  Tribune. 

A.  Banning  Norton,  Dallas  (Texas)  Intelligencer. 

J.  L.  Brezee,  Adrian  (Mich.)  Times. 

Charles  Reed,  St.  Louis  Globe-Democrat. 

Henrv  Reed,  Washington,  D.  C. 

George  A.  Clark,  Providence,  R.  I. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  ;  Presi- 
dent, I.  F.  Mack,  of  Sandusky;  Vice  J'residcnt, 
L.  Fieser,  Columbus;  Secretary,  Mrs.  F.  D. 
Jermain,  Toledo;  Asst.  Secretary,  J.  K.  New- 
comer, Marion  ;  Treasurer,  J.  P.  Irvine,  Zaues- 
ville. 

LIST  OF  OHIO   PAPERS— 1887. 


ADAMS  COUNTY. 

Manchester— Signal. 
West  Union— New    Era,   Peo- 
ple's Defender,  Scion. 
Winchester--Sentinel.    5. 

ALLEN   COUNTY. 

Bluft'ton— News. 

Lima  —  Democratic  Times," 
Republican.''  Allen  County 
Democrat,  Der  Courier,  Ga- 
zette. 

Spencerville— Journal. t    7. 

ASHLAND  COUNTY. 

Ashland— Brethren    Evangel- 
ist, Press,  Sun,  Times. 
Hayesville— Journal. 
Loudonville— Advocate.    6. 

ASHTABULA  COUNTY. 

Andover— Citizen. 

Ashtabula— Kveuing  Record," 
Yhdyswattain  Sanomat, 
Democratic  Standard,  Tele- 
graph, News,  Joutohetket.t 
Perneen  Ystawa.f 

Conneaut-llerald,    Reporter. 

Geneva  — Free  Press.  Times, 
Teacher  and  Student. t 

Harbor— HuUwill  Polka.  Poh- 
jauiahti,  Wahvoja.t 

Jefferson--Ashtabula  Sentinel , 
Gazette. 

Kingsville- Tribiine. 

Kock  Creek- Banner.    SO. 

ATHENS    COUNTY. 

Athens— Herald,  Journal,  Mes- 
senger. 

Nel.sonville  — News,  Valley 
Register. 

Trimble— Doings.    6. 

AUGLAIZE   COUNTY. 

New  Bremen— Stern  des  West- 
lichen  Ohio,  Sun. 

St.  Mary's— Argus,  Dollar  Sen- 
tinel. 

Wapakoneta  —  Auglaize  Co. 
Democrat,  Auglaize  Repub- 
lican.   6. 

BELMONT  COUNTY. 

Barnesville  — Enterprise,  Re- 
publican. 

Bellalrc  —  Tribune,*  Inde- 
pendent.* Herald. 

FhishiuK- Advertiser. 

Martins  Ferry— Valley  Times, 
Church  Herald. t 

St.  ClairsviUe— Chronicle,  Ga- 
zette.   10. 

BROWN    COUNTY. 

Georgetown— Democrat,  News, 
Ripley— Bee  and  Times.    4. 

BUTLEK  COUNTY. 

College   Corner— Investigator. 

Hamilton— Democrat,*  Her- 
ald,* News  and  Telegraph,* 
National  Zeitung,  Journal,t 
Youth's  Golden  Hours.t 


Middletown— Journal,  News, 
Signal. 

O.xford— Citizen,  News,  Mi- 
ami Journal. t 

Westchester  -  Miami  Valley 
Star.    14. 

CARROLL   COUNTY. 

Carroll- Chronicle,  Free  Press, 

Rep\iblican. 
Leesville  — Connotton   Valley 

Times.    4. 

CHAHPATGN    COUNTY. 

Mechanicsburg— News. 
North  I^wisburg-Tri-Couuty 

Free  Press. 
St.  Paris— Era,  Despatch, 
tjrbana— Citizen,"   Democrat, 

Sun,  Visitor.t    8. 

CLARKE    COUNTY. 

New  Carlis'e-Sun,  Farm  and 
Fireside  Friend. t 

South  Charleston— Sentinel. 

Springfield  —  Champion  City 
Tunes."  Gazette,*  Republic,* 
Lutheran  Evangelist,  New 
Era,  Springtielder  Journal, 
Sunday  News,  Transcript, 
Farm  and  Fireside.t  Farm 
Economist,t  Ladies'  Home 
Companion. t  Beacon. t  Ohio 
Baptist  Beacon, t  Witten- 
berger.t    !'?• 

CLERMONT  COUNTY. 

Batavia  —  Advance,    Courier, 

Sun. 
Felicity- Times 
Loveland-Enterprise. 
New  Richmond -Independent, 

News. 
Williamsburgh—  Clermont 

Graphic.    8. 

CLINTON   COUNTY. 

Blanchester— Star. 

New  Vienna— Record,  Messen- 
ger of  Peace. 

Sabina— News. 

Wilmington  -  Democrat,  Re- 
publican, Journal,  Collegi- 
an.t  8. 

COLUMBIANA  COUNTY. 

Columbiana— Globe,  Indepen- 
dent Register. 

East  Liverpool— Review,"  Cri- 
sis, Gazette,  Tribune. 

East  Palestine- Reveille,  Val- 
lev  Echo. 

Leetonia— Democrat. 

New  Lisbon—  Buckeye  State, 
Journal,  Ohio  Patriot. 

New  Waterford— Gleaner.t 

Salem— Buckeye  Vidette,  Era, 
Eepublicau. 

Salineville— Advance. 

Wellsville— Evening  Journal," 
Union.    19. 

COSHOCTON   COUNTY. 

Coshocton  —  Age,  Democrat, 
Standard,  Wochenblat.    4. 


(544 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


CRAWFORD  COUNTY. 

Bucyrus— Critic*  Courier,  Fo- 
rum, News,  Journal,  Syca- 
more News. 

Crestline-Advocate,  Vidette. 

(.alioo-Enquirer,  San-Review. 

New  Washington— Herald.  11. 

CUYAHOGA  COUNTY. 

Berea— .\dvertiser,  Grit,  Mu- 
sical Iliirji.t 
lirooklynVillngc— Cuvahogan. 
Chagrin  Falls -Exponent. 
Cleveland— .\nzeiger,*  Appeal 

■  ram    Vwl^a      \'„fl...  _1 


Swanton--Enterprise. 

Wauseon— Democratic  Expos- 
itor, Tribune,  Maumee  Val- 
ley Prohibitionist,  Northern 
Republican,    lo. 

GALLIA    COUNTY. 

Cheshire— Central    Free  Will 

Baptist,  t 
Gallipolis— Bulletin,  Tribune, 

Journal.    4, 

GEAUGA   COUNTY. 

Burton— Geauga  Leader. 
Leader,"  Plain  Dealer,*  Press," 


\T7  vr  ■'"'■<;'ftci.  ■  .n[.rut;Hi,--  ivcaoer,^  flam  Dealer  ♦  Pr(»«<:  ^■■ 
Waechteram  Erie',  Vofnost  (tri-weeklv),  Dennice  NOTovlk,i 
fand  V<',lk^f'n^,''n',i '■t'^"}^:;  P°i^"--^-^.   Cl'evelander  Pom.  neve- 

gi»  ^^'s&^  a^ii^'A^fSB 


HANCOCK   COUNTY. 

Findlay— Jeffersonian,*  Cour 
idatt  ■     ^^'"'='^6°- 

MeComb— Herald 
Mount  Blanchard-Tribune.6. 

HARDIN   COUNTY. 

Ada— Record,    Holiness    Con- 

r>^,1^i^\'"'-JI'''X'^'^''-y  Herald. 
Dunkirk- standard. 
Forest— Review. 
Kenton  —  Democratic    News 

Das  WochenbIatt,Democrat 

Republican. 
Mt.  Victory -Observer     n 


Strongsville 
ly.t    M 


-Musical  Month- 


DARKE  COUNTY. 

Anson  ia— Mirror. 

Arcanum— Tribune. 

Gettysburg— School  Visitor. 

Greenville— Democratic  Advo- 
cate, Democrat,  Die  Post 
Journal,  Sunday  Courier.     ' 

Versailles— Policy.    9. 

DEFIANCE  COUNTY. 

°«^ince-Express,  Democrat, 
Herald,  Saturday  Call. 

H  ic  k  s  v  i  1 1  e  -  Independent, 
News.    6.  • 

DELAWARE  COUNTY. 

Ashley— Times,  Weekly 
Delaware  -  Gazette,"  "  Demo- 
cratic Herald,  College  Trans- 

SK.  ,^"'i','S  "nd  Business 

MtiSnT'^''"™""''^  "<""•= 
Sunbury— Monitor.    8. 

ERIE    COUNTY 

MUr-A'^dter^r.'^- '*•'■'-'"■ 
''"°,'?\;'*'vy-Jo>irnal  and    Lo- 

SiVette.'*'^  "•*    ^'^'"°"'''' 

FAIRFIELD    COUNTY. 

Baltimore-  Fairfield    Couuly 
Messenger.  ""ufy 

^  F^irfiTr  ';'^*'"«  (semi-w), 

Ohio  F*^     t'o.    l^epublican 

School  Journal 
Lithopolis-Home  News. 
Rushville— Item.   7. 

PAYETTE  COUNTY. 

^'^^'"gburgh  -Midland 

■'  nlL'r'l"  '""*'  -  Chronicle, 
Ohio  Citizen. 

^^Sl'"?f?°°^  Court  House- 
Herald';',  Fayette  Republi- 
can, UhioState  Register     7. 

Canal  Winchester-Tim'es  "''''"'  ''"'''''''' 
'^^^^^l^lS^'^-0^  Jor-»'-^'  Times,*  Catho- 
can.  Law  Bulletin    Little  Crusader    i",?,*/"^"*'!'   ^'^'^  •■^™''"- 
Sentiuel,  Ohio   Wai\enfr^,mH     p  '   ''""'*-'';au  Standard,  State 
Sunday  Herald    s1  'ndnv  New..    I*'"!,''  '"'.?  ^"'^"^  Keporter, 


HARRISON   COUNTY 

Bowerston— Gazette 

Cadiz  --  Flambeau,  Republi- 
can, Sentinel. 

Freeport- Press. 

Scio--Herald,  Eclectic  Journal 
of  Education.    7. 

HENRY  COUNTY. 

Deshler— Flag 
Holgate— Times. 
Liberty  Center-Liberty  Press. 
Ncipo  eon  -  Northwest,  Demo- 
krat.  Signal.    6. 

HIGHLAND  COUNTY. 

Greenfield— Enterprise. 
Hillsboro-Gazette.News-Her- 

Leesburgh-Buckeye.    4. 

HOCKING   COUNTY. 

Logan-Sentinel,  Democrat, 
Gazette.    .3. 

HOLMES  COUNTY. 

Millersburgh-Fanuer.Repub- 

HURON  COUNTY. 

Bellevue -Gazette.LoealNews 

(.hicago- Star,  Times. 

Greenwieh— Enterpri'se 

Monroeville-  Spectator 

New  London— Record 

Norwalk-Reflector,*Bulletin, 
Adler,  Chronicle,  Experi- 
ment and  News.  Journal, 
farm  and  Fair  Journal 

Ma  k  e  m  a  n  -  Independent 
Press.    15. 


FULTON    COUNTY. 

Arehbold— Herald 
Delta--Atlas,  Avalanche. 
I*  ayette— Record,  Normal  Ad- 
vocate (qr.). 


Chardon-Democratie  Record, 

Republican. 
Middlefield -Messenger.    4. 

GREENE    COUNTY'. 

Bellbrook-Mooii, 
Cedarville-Herald. 
Jamestown— Tribune. 
Osborn— Local. 
^Di'VC'azette,"  Torchlight," 

Blade,      Democratic    News 

Home  Weekly,   Republican, 

Boss  Painters' Journal.f    11. 

GUERNSEY  COUNTY. 

Cambridge— Times,     Herald, 

Jettersonian,  People's  Press 

Ohio  Teacher.  "  ' 

Cumberland— News. 
Kimboltou— Key- Vote. 
QuakerCity— Independent.  8. 

HAMILTON  COUNTY'. 

.lACKSON  COUNTY. 

Jackson- Herald,  Journal 

Standard. 
Wcllston— Argus.    4. 

.lEFFERSON   COUNTY. 

Mingo  Junction— Mingo  News. 
Hichmond— Radiator. 
Smithfield— Times. 
Steubenville—  Gazette,"  Her- 
ald,'Germania,  Ohio  Press. 
Toronto— Tribune.    8. 


CummiDsville- Transcript 
Harrison — News. 

Lockland— M  ianii  ValleyNews 
Mount    VVashinglon  -  Public 
School  Journal. t    95. 


KNO.X    COUNTY. 

Centerburg—  Gazette. 
Fredericktown- Free  Press. 


Mt.Vernon-Republican, Trib- 
une. Banner,  Democrat, 
Poulterer.    7. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 

Madison— Index. 

Paineeville- Advertiser,  Dem- 
ocrat Northern  Ohio  Jour- 
nal, Telegraph. 

Willoughby-Independent.  6. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

Ironton  -  Der    WaeclUer   am 
Ohio,   Register,  Republican, 
Saturday  Ironfonian. 
Proctorville— Gazette." 
Rockwood— Crescent.    8. 

LICKING  COUNTY. 

G  ran  v  i  1 1  e-Times,  Denison 

i-ollegian. 
.lohnstown-ln.Iepcndent. 
Newark—  Advocate,"   Ameri- 

can,"  Banner,  Express 
Pataskala— Standard. 
Utica— Herald.    9. 

LOGAN  COUNTY. 

Belle  Centre-Bulletin,  News- 
Gazette. 

Bellefontaine  -  Republican, 
Examiner,  Index 

De  Graft— Buckcve 

Quincy— Journal'. 

West  Liberty- Banner.    8. 

LORAIN  COUNTY. 

El5;ria— Republican,  Constitu- 
tion, Telephone." 

Lorain- Times. 

Nortli  Amherst— Courier 

Oberlin  —  Exponent,  News 
Review  Highways  and 
Hedges,!  Bibliotheca  Sacra. 

Wellington— Enterprise.    11. 

LUCAS   COUNTY. 

Maumee— New  Era. 
Toledo— (See  page  641.)    24. 

MADISON  COUNTY'. 

London  —  Enterprise,    Demo- 
crat, Times.  Vigilant. 
Mt.  Sterling-Tribune. 
Plain  City— Dealer. 
South  Solon -Echo.    7. 

-MAHONING  COUNTY. 

Canfield-Mahoning  Dispatch. 

Petersburg— Press. 

Y  o  u  n  g  s  t  o  w  11  —  Telegram  « 
Christian  Citizen,  Is.<ue, 
Rundschau,  Sunday  star 
\  indicator,  St.  John's 
Church  Parishioner.!    '■>■ 

MARION   COUNTY. 

Caledonia— Argus. 

La  Rue — News. 

Marion  -  Star,"  Independent, 

Mirror. 
Prospect— Monitor.    G. 

MEDINA  COUNTY". 

Medina  —  Democrat,  Gazette, 
News,  Gleanings,  Bee  Cul- 
ture.f 

Seville— Times. 

Wadsworth  —  Banner,  Enter- 
prise.   7. 

MEIGS  COUNTY. 

Middleport  — Herald,  Repub- 
lican. 

Pomeroy— Telegraph.    3. 

MERCER    COUNTY. 

Celina— Bote,  Observer,  Stan- 
dard. 
Shane's  Crossing- Free  Press.  4. 

.MIA.MI   COUNTY. 

Bradford— Independent-Senti- 
nel. 

Covington  —  Gazette,  Vindi- 
cator.! 

Piqua-Call,*  Der  Correspon- 
dent, Journal,  Miami  Hel- 
met, Miami  Leader. 

Tippecanoe  City -Herald. 

Troy  — Trojan,"  Chronicle, 
Democrat,  Union. 

West  Milton— Buckeye.    14. 

MONROE   COUNTY. 

Clarington— Independent 
Woodsfield— Gazette,  Journal 
bpirit  of  Democracy.    4.        ' 


PUBLIC  PRESS. 


646 


MONTGOMERY  COrNTT." 

Daytou  —  Democrat,'-'  Empire 
and  Democrat,  Die  Daytoiier 
Volkszeituiit;,<'Ileml.l,' Jour- 
nal,'' Cliristinn  Consci-vator, 
Christian  Worlil,Dov  Frm-i-li- 
liclie  Botschaftcr,  IlernM  of 
Gospel  Liberty,  Ucconl,  Ue- 
ligious  Telescope.  VVachu-r 
Workman.  Golden  Words.t 
Leaves  of  I.ighl.t  Farmer!*' 
Home.t  Nutzlicher  Kre\ind,t 
Ohio  Poultry  Journal.t  Onr 
Bible  Teaeher,-h  Syndicate.t 
Instructor  (qr). 

Germantown— Press. 

Kinsey— Farm  and  Dairyt. 

Miami.sburg— Bulletin,  News. 
24., 

MORGAN  COUNTY. 

McConnellsville  —  Democrat, 
Herald.    2. 

MORROW  COUNTY. 

Cardinston— Imlependcnt. 
Mt.   Gikad  — Sentinel,  Regis- 
ter, Poultry  Magnett.    4. 

MUSKINGUM    COUNTY. 

Dresden— Doings. 

New  Coneord— Enterprise. 

Zanesville— Courier,"  Signal,'-' 
Times-Recorder,"  Advocate, 
Poultry  Adviser,  Post,  Sun- 
day News,  Ohio  Farmers' 
Journal,  Shepherds'  Jour- 
nal and  Rural  Era.t    VI. 

NOBLE   COUNTY. 

Caldwell— Journal,  Democrat, 
Republican,  Press.    4. 

OTTAWA   COUNTY. 

Elmore-Tribune. 

Lakeside— News. 

Oak  Harbor— Exponent.Press, 

Gospel  Light. t 
Port    Clinton  —  News,     Lake 

Shore  Bulletin.    7. 

PAULDING    COUNTY. 

Antwerp— Argus. 
Paulding  — Gazette,    Demo- 
crat.   3. 

PEKRY'  COUNTY. 

Corning  —  Times,  Sepher's 
Home  Journal. t 

New  Lexington- Herald,  Trib- 
une. 

Shawnee— Banner. 

Somerset— Press. 

Thoruville— News.    6. 

PICKAWAY   COUNTY. 

Ashville— Enterprise. 

Circleville—  Herald*,  Demo- 
crat and  Watchman,  Union- 
Herald. 

Williamsport  -Rip  Saw.    5. 

PIKK  COUNTY. 

Piketon— Tribune. 
Waverly— Republican,  Watch- 
man.   3. 

POPTAGE  COUNTY. 

Garrettsville— Journal,  Satur- 
day Item. 

Hirani— Bugle  Echo. 

Kent— News,  Saturday  Bulle- 
tin. 

Ravenna— Republican,*  Dem- 
ocratic Press. 

Windham— Herald.    8. 

PREBLE     COUNTY. 

Camden— Gazette. 
Eaton— Democrat,  Register. 
New  Paris— Mirror. 
West  Alexander— Twin    Val- 
ley Times.    5. 

PUTNAM  COUNTY. 

Columbus  Grove— Vidette. 
Leipsie— Free  Press. 
Ottawa— Gazette,  Sentinel.    4. 

RICHLAND   COUNTY. 

Bellville— Star. 

Mansfield  —  Democrat,*  Her- 
ald*, News,"  Shield  and  Ban- 
ner, Buckeye  Farmer. t 

Plymouth — Advertiser. 

Shelby— Free  Press,  Time.s. 

Shiloh— Gleaner,  Review.    10. 


ROSS  COUNTY. 

Adelphi--Border  News. 
Chilicothe—  News,"  Register, 

Advertiser,  Leader,  (iazette, 

fnsere  Zeit. 
Frankfort— Sun.    1. 

SANDUSKY   COUNTY. 

Clyde— Earnest  Worker,  En- 
terprise, Review. 

Fremont -Journal,  News,t 
Messenger,  Courier,  Scien- 
tific.   8 

SCIOTO    COUNTY. 

Portsmouth—  Blade,  Corres- 
pondent, Leader,  Times, 
Tribune,  Camp-Fire,t  Dis- 
trict Reeorder.t    7. 

SENECA    COUNTY. 

Attica— Journal,  Medical  Cora- 
pound. t 

BettsviUe— F-ntcrprise. 

Bloomville— Seneca  Co.  Rec- 
ord. 

Fostoria— Democrat,  Observer 
Review. 

Green  Springs— Times,  Mu- 
tual Underwriter. 

Tiffin  —  Herald,!  Die  Tiffin 
Presse,  News,  Advertiser, 
Tribune,  Heidelberg  Jour- 
nal .t    15. 

SUELBY     COUNTY. 

Port  Jetl'erson— People's  Advo- 
cate. 
Sidney— Democrat,  Journal.  3. 

STARK  COUNTY. 

Alliance  —  Review,  Leader, 
Standard 

Canal  F'ulton— Signal. 

Canton— Democrat,*  Reposi- 
tory,* Taglicbes  Journal,* 
Der  Ohio  Volks-Zeitung. 

Louisville— Herald. 

Massillon  —  American,  Inde- 
pendent. 

Miuerva— News. 

Navarre— Independent. 

Way  ucsburg— Enterprise. 

Wilmot— Review.    14. 

SUMMIT  COUNTY. 

Akron— Beacon,"  City  Times, 
Der  Germania,  Freie  Press, 
Sunday  Gazette.  Journal  of 
Carp  Culture, t  Ohio  Educa- 
tional Monthly  and  National 
Teacher,t  People's  Jlonth- 
ly,t  Delta  Gama  Ancho 
ra  (qr.). 

Ctiyahoga  Falls— Reporter  and 
Farmer.    10. 

TRUMBtTLL  COUNTY. 

Cortland— Gazette. 

Hubbard— Enterprise. 

Newton  Falls— Echo. 

Niles — Independent. 

Warren— Chronicle,'-'  Tribune, 
Democrat,  Horticulturist 
and  Farm  Journal.    8. 

TUSCARAWAS  COUNTY. 

Bolivar— News  Journal. 

Canal  Dover- Iron  Valley  Re- 
porter,. Tuscarawas  Demo- 
crat, Workman. 

Dennison— Paragraph. 

Mineral  Point— Mineral  Poin- 
ter. 

New  Comerstown— Index. 

New  Philadelphia  —  Der 
Deutsche  Beobachter,  Ohio 
Democrat,  Times,  Advocate. 

Shanesville — News.f 

Uhrichsville— Chronicle.    13. 

UNION   COUNTY. 

Magnetic    Springs— Magnetic 

Reporter. 
Marysville— Times,     Tribune, 

Union  Co.   Journal,  Union 

Co.  Wochenblatt. 
Milford  Center— Milford  Echo. 
Richwood— Gazette.    7 

VAN    WERT  COUNTY. 

Van  Wert— Bulletin,  Gazette, 
Republican,  Times.    4. 

VINTON   COUNTY. 

Hamden  Juuction  —  Enter- 
prise. . 


McArthur—  Democrat-Enqui- 
rer, Record. 
New  Plymouth— Graphic.  4. 

WARBEN   COUNTY. 

Franklin— ('hronicle. 
Lebanon — Star,"    Gazette,  Pa- 
triot. 
Waynesfleld— Gazette.News.O. 

WASHINGTON   COUNTY. 

Beverly- l>ispatcli. 

Marietta— Register  (semi-w.), 
Dollar  News,  Leader,  Times, 
Zeitung,  College  Olio.t 

New  Matamorius-Paragraph.  8. 

WAYNE  COUNTY. 

Crcston— Journal. 

Daltou — Gazette. 

I  'oylestown — lournal. 

Fredericksburgh— Sun. 

Orrvillc— Crescent. 

Shreve  -News. 

West  Salem— Independent. 

Wooster  —  Jaeksoniau,  Jour- 
nal, Republican,  University 
Voice,     Democrat,    Herald, 


Collegian,!  Royal  Arcanum, 
Journal. t    18. 

WILLIAMS  COUNTY. 

Bryan — Democrat,  Press,  l*ro- 

hibitionist. 
I'Algerion— Observer. 
Montpclier— Democrat.  Knter- 

prisc. 
Pioneer— Tri-State  .\lliance. 
Strv  ker — Advance 
West  Unity— Chief.    8. 

WOOD  COUNTY. 

Bowling     (ireen —Democrat, 

Gazette,  .Seutinel. 
Grand      Rajiids— Thompson's 

Triumph. 
North  IJaltiinore— Beacon. 
Peralterville — Reporter. 
Perrysburg— Journal. 
Weston— Herald.    8. 

WYANDOT  COUNTY. 

Carey— Wyandot  ('o.  Tribune. 
Nevada — Enterprise. 
Upper  Sandusky- Union, Chief, 
Her  Germania,   Itepublican. 
Wharton— Leader.    7. 


The  following  table  shows  tlie  advaiieo  of 
the  pres.'3  in  Ohio  since  1819  : 

1KI9.        1835.        1887. 

Total  No.  of  papers  published 33        41  787 

No.  of  daily  papers none.      2  111 

The  two  daily  papers  in  1835,  were  the  Cin- 
cinnati Gazette,  edited  by  Charles  Hammond  ; 
and  the  Cincinnati  Jiepublican,  published  by 
Allen  c*t  Disney.  Tliose  of  1887,  were  distrib- 
uted among  the  Counties  as  follows  ; 

Allen,  2;  A.shtabula,  1;  Belmont,  2;  Butler,  3; 
Champaign,  1  ;  Clarke,  3  ;  Columbiana,  2 ;  Craw- 
ford, 1  ;  Cuyahoga,  G ;  Delaware,  1 ;  Erie,  2  ;  Fayette, 
1  ;  Franklin,  3  ;  Greene,  2  ;  Hamilton,  12  ;  Hancock, 
1;  Huron,!;  Jefferson,  2;  Licking,  2;  Lorain,  1; 
Lucas,  -i ;  Mahoning,  1  ;  iMarion,  1  ;  Miami,  2 ;  Mont- 
gomery, 4;  MuskingLiiu,  3;  Pickaway,  1;  Portage,  1; 
Ri('hland,  3  ;  Ross,  1  ;  Seneca,  1 ;  Stark,  3 ;  Summit, 
1 ;  Trumbull,  1  ;  Warren,  1. 

PRINTING  MACHINERY. 

The  first  Toledo  newspapers  were  started 
but  a  few  years  after  the  improved  iron  haiul- 
presses  of  the  Smith  and  Washington  patents 
had  begun  to  supplant  their  ancient  predeces- 
sors, the  Eamage,  the  Stanberry  and  the  Stan- 
hope. As  late  as  1830,  there  were  more  of  the 
latter  than  of  the  former  class  in  this  country. 
The  one  used  for  the  Lower  Sandusky  (Fremont) 
Whig,  started  in  May,  1839,  by  the  writer  of 
this,  was  a  Kamage  press,  substantially  the 
same  as  that  now  in  the  National  Mu.seum  at 
Washington,  which  has  been  made  famous 
above  its  Lower  Sandusky  fellow,  only  by  the 
fact  that  Benjamin  Franklin,  when  a  "Jour. 
Printer,"  iu  Loudon,  worked  on  the  former, 
and  did  not  on  the  latter.  The  Lower  Sandusky, 
machine,  however,  was  not  without  a  history. 
It  had  been  long  in  use,  when,  during  the  War 
of  1812-15,  the  Albany  (New  York)  Argus  was 
printed  on  it.  In  1818  it  was  taken  from  Al- 
bany to  Courtland  County,  New  York,  by  David 
Campbell ;  and  thence,  by  him,  in  1822,  to 
Sandusky,  Ohio,  where  it  was  used  in  the  office 
of  the  Sandusky  Clarion  until  1835,  when  it 
gave  place  to  an  iron  press.  In  1837  it  was  taken 


G46 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  CODNTY. 


to  Lower  Sandusky,  for  printing  the  Times,  a 
paper  then  started  at  tliat  place  ;  and  two  years 
later  was  used  in  the  office  of  tlie  Whig,  as 
already  stated,  having  been  finally  laid  aside  in 

1841.  The  Norwalk "Reflector,  started  in  1830, 
was  for  several  years  printed  on  a  Stanberry 
press  (a  successor  of  the  Kamage),  and  in  1S8C 
was  yet  in  use  at  Milan,  Ohio.  Both  tliese 
machines  were  mainly ofwood,  andeach  printed 
but  one-half  a  full  form  or  a  single  page  of  a 
paper  at  an  impression  or  "pull;"  hence,  the 
process  of  printing  involved  not  only  great 
labor,  but  special  care  and  skill. 

When  the  history  of  the  Toledo  Press  began, 
that  great  improvement,  the  "  Composition 
EoUer  "  (of  molasses  and  glue),  had  but  fairly 
displaced  "  Ink  Balls,"  whose  use  dates  well 
back  toward  that  of  movable  types  in  ])riuting. 
These  rollers  were  essentially  "  home-made," 
as  the  frequent  monopoly  of  the  domestic  fire- 
place and  the  cooking  stove  for  their  manufac- 
ture, 80  well  qualified  housekeepers  to  testify. 
So  complete  was  that  improvement,  that  with 
some  valuable  changes  in  method  and  material, 
the  rollers  of  60  j^ears  ago,  to-day  apply  the 
ink  for  the  printed  matter  of  the  world.* 

The  hand  p)ress  first  used  in  the  Toledo  Blade 
office  (in  1836)  was  of  the  Smith  patent.  It 
was  wholly  of  iron,  with  a  "  bed  "  22x32  inches 
in  size  ;  the  "  platen,"  for  givingthe  impression, 
covered  one  side  of  the  entire  sheet,  thus  re- 
quiring but  one-half  the  "pulls"  of  the  older 
presses.  This  press  was  used  here  until  August, 
1838,  when  the  old  materials  of  Blade  office, 
the  press  included,  were  taken  to  Lagrange, 
Cass  County,  Michigan,  with  which  a  Whig 
paper  was  then  started.  The  sale  was  made 
because  the  Blade  was  at  that  time  enlarged 
beyond  the  capacity  of  the  press  in  use.  The 
new  press,  also  of  iron,  was  used  for  printing 
the  Blade  until  1853,  and  was  then  given  over 
to  the  Job  Room,  where  it  was  in  use  for  many 
years.  Its  successor  in  1853,  was  a  Northrup 
cylinder  press,  invented  by  Joel  G.  Northrup, 
of  Syracuse,  New  York,  who  commenced  the 
manufacture  of  improved  presses  as  early  as 

1842.  In  1852  he  got  out  a  new  machine,  and 
manufactured  it  at  Oneida,  New  York.  The 
third  one  made,  and  the  first  used  West  of  Buf- 
falo, was  purchased  by  the  writer  and  taken  to 
Sanduskj'  in  1852,  for  the  use  of  the  Eegister 
(fomierly  the  Clarion),  of  that  City.  It  was 
designed  to  be  driven  by  steam  or  by  hand- 
power.  It  printed  about  900  sheets  per  hour, 
and  for  country  papers  was  a  valuable  improve- 
ment. Although  now  in  his  71st  year,  Mr. 
Northrup  is  still  improving  and  manufacturing 
presses,  his  latest  patent  appearing  in  1886  (his 

*It  has  been  understood,  that  the  first  composition 
roller  in  Ohio,  was  made  by  Joshua  Saxton,  a  pioneer 
Printer,  for  many  years  publisher  of  the  Urbana  Ga- 
zette. He  was  a  brother  of  John  Saxton,  who  started 
the  Ohio  Repository,  at  Canton,  during  the  War  of 
1812-15,  and  published  it  for  some  .50  years. 


Combined  Press  and  Folding  Machine).  The 
"  Northrup"  was  used  for  printing  the  Blade 
from  1853  to  1860,  at  which  time  its  enfeebled 
condition  and  limited  capacity  made  necessary 
a  sub.stitute,  wliich  was  purchased  of  Hoe  & 
CV).,  of  Now  York.  It  was  a  large  drum-cylin- 
der press,  with  a  capacity  of  1,200  per  hour, 
and  had  been  used  in  printing  the  Charleston 
(S.  C.)  Mercury.  On  this  machine  the  Blade 
was  printed  until  1866,  when  a  small  C3dinder 
Hoe  press  was  obtained,  capable  of  printing 
2,000  sheets  (on  one  side)  per  hour.  In  18G8, 
a  double-cylinder  press,  with  a  capacity  of 
4,000  sheets  (one  side)  was  procured,  and  was 
used  until  1872,  at  which  time  a  Hoe  four- 
cylinder  machine  (capacity  10,000)  succeeded 
it,  and  was  used  until  a  Scott  Perfecting  press, 
capable  of  printing  complete  and  folding  16,000 
sheets  per  hour,  was  obtained  in  1885.  A  better 
idea  of  the  advance  in  printing  thus  shown  by 
the  history  of  the  Blade,  will  be  had  by  the 
average  reader,  when  it  is  stated,  that,  to  do 
the  work  performed  by  the  Scott  machine, 
would  require  203  hand-presses  like  those  for 
years  in  use  in  that  office.  To  operate  these, 
203  pressmen  and  203  hands  to  ink  the  types, 
would  be  required  ;  and  say  40  more  to  fold  the 
papers  when  printed — making  a  total  force  of 
446  persons  to  run  the  203  presses.  But  this  is 
not  all.  The  Scott  press  prints  and  folds  a 
sheet  of  eight  pages  of  the  size  of  the  four-page 
sheet  of  the  former  Blade — thus  doubling  the 
figures  here  given,  and  doing  the  work  of  406 
hand-presses,  and  892  hands.  And  not  only 
that,  but  the  present  machine  at  the  same  time 
cuts  the  eight-jJage  sheet  into  two,  and  with 
paste  neatly  attaches  them,  ready  for  use,  which 
latter  process  would  probably  require  not  less 
than  50  persons  ;  thus  carrying  the  number  of 
persons  required  to  do  the  work  of  the  Scott 
press,  to  the  surprising  aggregate  of  942. 
Agaist  these,  the  only  offset  to  be  made,  consists 
of  one  Engineer  for  the  steam-power,  one  Su- 
jierintendent  of  the  press,  an  assistant  and  a 
couple  of  boys — in  all,  four,  or  938  less  than 
the  fm-ce  demanded  by  the  old  process,  for  a 
like  amount  of  work.  Another  view  of  this 
case,  will  indicate  something  of  the  extent  of 
the  advance  in  printing  machinerj'.  The  406 
hand-presses,  with  the  40  folders  and  50  pasters, 
would  occupy  an  aggregate  space  of  not  less 
than  58,000  square  feet ;  and  if  placed  side  by 
side — allowing  .space  of  12x12  feet  for  each 
press — the  line  would  require  a  building  4,872 
feet,  or  nearly  one  mile  in  length.  Whereas^ 
the  entire  operation  of  the  Scott  press  can  be 
conducted  in  a  rooni  25x50  feet  in  size.  As 
still  further  marking  the  advance  in  thisdirec- 
tion  during  the  last  half  century,  it  may  be 
noted,  that  in  1835  the  statement  was  made, 
that  the  Royal  printing  office  of  France  con- 
tained the  tyjjos  of  56  Oriental  alphabets,  of 
which  49  complete  fonts  of  various  kinds  were 
ready  for  use.     These  weighed  750,000  pounds, 


PUBLIC  PRESS. 


647 


or  375  tons,  and  were  sufficient  to  compose, 
simultaneously,  125,000  Svo  i>ages,  or  250  vol. 
umes  of  500  jiasiies  each.  As  furtlier  showing 
the  extraortliiiary  facilities  of  the  Royal  ostab- 
lishineiit,  it  was  stated  that  the  numbi'r  of  its 
presses  was  so  great,  that  it  could  |)rint  27S,000 
sheets  per  day.  TIk^  Scott  ])r(v«s  would  pi-int 
that  number  of  sheets,  and  cut,  fold  and  ]jasto 
their  halvas  together,  in  IS  hours — an  amount 
of  work  far  beyond  the  cajiaeity  of  the  French 
establishment.  It  will  also  be  borne  in  mind, 
that  when  this  remarkable  French  printing 
otHce — the  greatest  in  the  World — was  doing 
these  wonders  at  the  Capital  of  France,  Toledo 


was  little  more  than  a  handot,  struggling  for 
very  existence,  ami  chiefly  known  as  the  scene 
of  a  boundary  disinite,  with  its  only  nt^ws- 
pajier — the  Toledo  (lazette — a  feeble  thing, 
irrcg\darly  printed  on  asmall  hand-pi'css.  This 
handet  has  grown  to  1)0  a  leading  commercial 
])oint  of  the  country,  with  a  thrift}'  ])opulation 
of  75,000,  and  with  two  ])rinting  presses,  either 
the  equal  of  anything  of  the  kind  now  in  the 
great  establishment  of  Paris. 

The  extraordinary  advance  made  in  ))rinting 
machinery,  is  indicated  by  the  following  illus- 
trations— the  one  of  the  Ramage  ])ress,  and  the 
other  of  the  Scott  ]ires8. 


THE   ADVANCE  IN   PRINTING   MACHINERY. 


RAMAGE  PRESS— ioti'cr  Sandusky  Wliiy,  1839. 


SCOTT  PERFECTING  FR^SS— Toledo  Blade,  im». 


648 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COVNTY. 


Steam-power  was  first  employed  in  Toledo 
for  propelliiiEC  a  printing  press,  in  July,  1853, 
at  tlie  Blade  office.  Previous  to  that  time,  all 
press  worlc  liad  been  done  by  hand.  The  en- 
gine then  used  w  as  a  small  one,  which  drove 
two  presses— a  Korthrup  cylinder,  for  the 
newspaper,  and  a  small  Hoe  cylinder,  for  job 
•work— but  one  of  which,  for  lack  of  power, 
could  be  used  at  a  time.  Ere  long  the  engine 
became  too  feeble,  even  for  such  divided  work, 
when  iiand-power  for  a  time  again  became  the 
chief  reliance  for  printing  the  Blade.  Ere  long 
a  new  10-horse  engine  was  procured,  wliich 
subsequently  gave  way  for  a  more  powerful 
one,  to  be  succeeded  by  others  of  increasing 
capacitj^  The  second  paper  using  steam-power 
was  the  Commercial,  about  1858.  From  that 
time  on,  hand-presses  for  newspaper  work  were 
rarely  in  use — publishers  not  having  steam 
presses  of  their  own,  having  their  press- work 
done  chiefly  outside  their  offices. 

AMATEUR  PRINTING  AND  PUBLISHING. 

For  .several  years  there  was  quite  general 
interest  taken  in  the  art  of  printing,  and  in 
newspaper  and  book  publishing,  by  boys  of 
Toledo.  This  state  ot  things  seems  to  have 
commenced  about  1870,  and  was  specially  man- 
ifest during  the  succeeding  10  years,  although 
continued  thereafter.  It  has  been  deemed  proper 
in  this  connection  to  givebriefreview  of  the  ear- 
lier years  of  this  branch  of  Toledo  art  and  lit- 
erature. For  this  purpose,  the  record,  as  sup- 
plied by  the  "Toledo  Amateur  Directory," 
issued  by  F.  W.  Kibbe  &  Brother,  in  1877,  is 
reproduced  as  there  found : 

HISTOKV    OF    AMATEUR    JOURNALS. 

When  the  fire  of  Amateur  journalism  was  begin- 
ning to  spread  over  the  country,  Toledo  was  not  much 
behind.  The  first  paper  issued  from  Toledo  was  the 
Young  Ente)~prise,  published  by  Reed,  Wagar  &  Reed 
(Wm.  H.  and  George  Fred.  Reed  and  C.  P.  Wagar). 
The  first  number  was  published  in  December,  1809, 
and  bore  the  date  of  January  1,  1870.  It  was  en- 
larged twice,  and  with  the  fifth  number  had  an  en- 
graved headhig ;  and  with  the  sixth  number  they 
bought  out  De  Omnibus,  one  of  the  first,  if  not  the 
first  paper  published  in  Ohio.  After  publishing  this 
for  a  year,  they  sold  out  to  C.  H.  Fowle,  of  West 
Newton,  Massachusetts. 

In  May,  1871,  Fred.  G.  Andrews  started  the 
American  Youth,  and  after  publishing  two  numbers, 
he  sold  out  to  F.  DeMarest,  of  New  York. 

Just  after  the  Chicago  fire  (1871)  two  numbers  ot 
the  Chicago  Our  Boys,  were  printed  in  Toledo. 

The  Maumee.  Youth  was  a  venture  which  never  saw 
the  full  light,  as  the  Editor,  after  printing  two  pages, 
got  tired  and  retired. 

The  next  paper  to  appear  in  the  field,  was  the 
Com  City  Compliments,  started  by  Smith  &  Dyer 
(George  B.  Smith  and  Nathaniel  Dyer),  in  June,  1872. 
This  paper  was  enlarged  once,  and  issued  several 
supplements.  It  had  the  reputation  of  being  one  of 
the  spiciest  papers  ever  published, and  met  with  great 
encouragement,  having  received  more  compliments 
than  any  other  paper  that  had  been  published.  In 
1874  the  pubUshers  bought  the  famous  Our  Boys,  of 


Chicago,  and  changed  the  name  to  that  of  the  latter 
journal,  which  paper  is  still  running. 

In  187.'j  there  were  two  papers  started,  the  Collec- 
tor's Reriiw,  a  paper  devoted  to  Stamp  Collectors, 
which,  after  publishing  three  numbers,  was  consoli- 
dated with  Corn  Ci'y  Compliments. 

The  Critic,  a  spicy  paper,  was  published  by  F.  T. 
Lindenberger,  who  afterwards  changed  the  name  to 
Occasional,  which  was  very  apjiropriate  for  an  amateur 
paper. 

In  1876  a  paper  was  issued,  said  to  be  from  Box 
73,  Toledo,  Ohio,  by  C.  Vincent ;  but  we  guess  the 
gentleman  u.sed  to  live  in  New  York  State.  Only  one 
number  was  issued. 

In  1876  the  Honu  News  and  Our  Centennial  Year 
were  started  by  Ed.  M.  Scribner.  The  last  named 
journal  changed  its  name  to  Minute  Men,  in  1877. 

In  November,  1876,  The  Standard  was  issued  by 
Kibbe,  Maples  &  Co.  It  has  been  enlarged  twice, 
and  in  April,  1877,  began  to  issue  a  supplement. 

AMATEUR  JOB   PRINTING   OFFICES 

Have  been  established  for  a  long  time.  It  is  hard  to 
tell  who  had  the  first  one  ;  but  from  what  can  be 
learned,  the  first  press  was  a  Lowe  Smasher ;  the  next 
a  small  sized  Novelty  ;  and  the  next  was  a  large  ottice, 
with  some  fifty  fonts  of  type,  and  a  large-sized  Novelty 
press,  owned  by  Fred.  G.  Andrews. 

The  next  was  one  started  by  Edward  P.  Day.  He 
had  a  small  Novelty  and  a  few  fonts  of  type  ;  but  by 
saving  what  he  made,  he  bought  a  Gordon  press,  and 
at  last  had  an  ofiice  which  cost  about  $800. 

From  this,  up  to  the  present,  there  have  been 
many  offices  started,  with  nearly  all  the  difiereut 
presses  made. 

AMATEURS. 

A  list  of  amateur  Authors,  Printers  and  Publish- 
ers, of  Toledo,  Ohio  (to  1877): 

Frank  W.  Kibbe,  400  Michigan  Street ;  age,  16  ; 
Printer,  Publisher  and  Editor. 

James  E.  Maples,*  423  Ontario  Street ;  age,  13 ; 
Printer,  Publisher  and  Editor. 

Albert  E.  Richards,  10  Utica  Street ;  age,  14  ;  Au- 
thor and  Printer. 

Henry  W.  Kibbe,   400  Michigan  Street ;  age,  13 
Printer  and  Publisher. 

Orie  M.  Roff,  corner  13th   and   Madison  Streets 
age,  17  ;  Printer. 

Ed.  M.  Scribner,  144  Franklin  Avenue;  age,   14 
Printer,  Publisher  and  Editor. 

Harry  D.  Fallis,  333  Huron  Street ;  age,  16  ;  Prin- 
ter. 

Fred.  C.  Whipple,   167   Walnut  Street ;  age,    14 
Publisher. 

J.  M.  Hubbard,  46  Lagrange   Street ;     age,    16 
Printer. 

Obid  B.  Law,  621  Huron  Street ;  age,  15  ;  Printer. 

Charles    H.   Cook,  038   Huron   Street ;    age,  17 
Printer. 

William  A.  Howell,  175  Madison  Street ;  age,  13 
Printer. 

M.  Brady  (since  deceased),  523  Huron  Street ;  age, 
15  ;  Engraver. 

C.  O.  Phelps,  Superior  Street,  between  Adams  and 
Madison  ;  age,  16  ;  Printer. 

Harry  Ketcham,  corner  13th  and  Madison  Streets; 
age,  12  ;  Printer. 

E.  B.  Smiley,  53  Detroit  Avenue  ;  age,  15  ;  Printer. 

F.  G.  Kimball,  67  Cherry  Street ;  age,  13 ;  Printer. 
A.  S.  Hannaford,  97    Summit    Street;    age,    17; 

Printer. 

Fred.  Brigham,  141  Walnut  Street;  age,  13; 
Printer. 

Will.  G.  Lenhart,  19  Carroll  Street ;  age,  17 ;  Prin- 
ter and  Publisher. 

*  Deceased. 


THE  PliES.^. 


040 


Wui.  0.  Brown,  Jr.,  corner  Summit  and  Ash 
Streets;  age,  ]li;  I'riiiter. 

Arthur  P.  Braisteii,  120  Madison  Street;  age,  \'t ; 
Printer. 

Chas.  A.  Lee.  595  Huron  Street;  age,  15  ;  Printer. 

Henry  W.  Eddy,  97  Summit  Street;  age,  17; 
Printer. 

William  M.  Bellman,  740  Huron  Street;  age,  17  ; 
Printer. 

A.  ¥.  Lenhart,  19  Carroll  Street;  age,  13;  Printer. 

K.  Engelliardt,  corner  Summit  and  Perry  Streets; 
age,  lo ;  Printer. 

Freil.  Dodge,  590  Huron  Street ;  ago,  10;  Printer. 

C.  G.  Lanipnian,  144  Franklin  Avenue;  age,  11'; 
Pi'inter. 

AM.\TKIIR    HOOKS. 

"Puzzledom  Couiidete,"  by  Canoe;  104  pages; 
(irioe,  25  rents.     Our  P.oys,  Publishers.     1874. 

"  Kobin,son  Crusoe."  by  Wa.satch  ;  50  pages  ;  illus- 
trated (by  Brady);  price,  10  cents.  Kibbe  &  Lenhart, 
Publishers. 

"  Biography  of  the  Scribner  Family,"  by  E.  M. 
Scribner ;  10  pages;  price,  10  cents.  Home  News, 
Publishers.     1870. 

"Dick  Forrester,"  by  Fuzz;  10  pages;  price,  5 
rents.     F.  Whipple  &  Co.,  Publishers.     1877. 

"  Our  Little  lland-Book  ;"  Ki  pages;  price,  5 cents. 
K.  O.  St.  John,  Publisher.     LH77. 

"Jack's  Fate."  by  Rox  ;  8  pages;  price,  5  cents; 
A.  P.  Braisted,  Puljlisher.     1877. 

"  Toledo  Anuiteur  Directory  for  1877;"  20  pages; 
price,  10  cents.  F.  W.  Kibbe  &  Brother,  Publishers. 
1877. 

BOOK  AND  JOB  PRINTING. 

For  some  20  j-ears,  and  until  about  1853,  Job 
Printing  was  almost  wlioUj'  done  in  connection 
with  Newspaper  offices.  At  the  date  named, 
Samuel  Andrews  and  Godfrey  Jeager  started 
a  separate  Job  Office  at  102  Summit  Street  (up 
stairs),  which  was  continued  until  merged  in 
the  Blade  establishment,  in  1850,  Clark  Wag- 
goner meantime  having  taken  the  interest  of 
Mr.  Jeager. 

Subsequently,  Boyd  &  Co.  had  a  Job  Office, 
part  of  the  time  in  connection  with  the  Com- 
mercial. 

In  December,  18G2,  Ira  H.  Spear.  George  L. 
Johnson  and  Geo.  Schneider,  constituting  the 
firm  of  Spear,  Johnson  &  Co.,  commenced 
Book  and  Job  Printing  at  90  Summit  Street. 
In  November,  1803,  the  office  was  removed  to 
28  Summit  Street,  where  it  was  burned  out 
February  22,  1808.  During  the  same  year 
they  erected  the  building  (13!)  St.  Clair  Street) 
yet  occupied  by  the  establishment  It  is  the 
oldest  Job  Printing  Office,  separate  from  a 
newspaper,  now  in  the  City.  The  present 
partners  are  George  L.  Johnson  and  Samuel 
Andrews,  the  latter  having  succeeded  Mi-. 
Schneider  in  1883 — the  firm  slill  being  Spear, 
Johnson  &  Co. 

The  Blade  Priiiting  and  Paper  Company  was 
organized  in  December,  1873,  with  I).  K.  Locke 
as  President,  John  Paul  Jones  as  Vice  Presi- 
dent, and  Geoi-ge  D.  Clafliii  as  Secretary  and 
Treasurer.  The  business  of  this  establishment 
has  been  Book  Making — includingtype  setting, 
stereotyping,  engraving  and  binding — general 
Printing,    manutacture    of  Blank    Books   and 


Boxes,  and  dealing  in  Pa])er  and  Stationery. 
Its  trade  for  18S7  amounted  to  §100.0(10.  The 
officers  for  1888,  are  as  fcdlows  : 

Directors— 8.  ^L  Young,  T.  J.  Brown,  Oeorge  D. 
Claliin,  George  F.  Johnson,  Daniel  Nitschke,  Horatio 
S.  Young  and  E.  H.  Rhoades.  President —.S.  M. 
Young.  Vice  President — E.  H.  Uhdades.  Secretary 
and  Trca.surer — G.  D.  Glallin. 

'fhe  Barkdull  Printing  House  (W.  JI.  and 
Thomas  H.  Barkdull,  pi-<iprietoi's)  was  estali- 
lished  in  Noven\ber,  1873,  for  conducting  the 
business  of  Book  and  Job  Printing.  Its  loca- 
tions have  been — 28!l  and  172  Summit.  51-55 
(u]i  stairs)  Adams,  and  1!I8  St.  Clair  Street. 
The  business  of  the  office  has  steadily  increaseil 
with  incri'asing  facilities. 

In  August,  1874,  Charles  M.  Montgomery 
and  George  W.  Vrooman  established  a  Book 
anil  Job  I'rinting  Office,  at  84-8(i  (u]i  stairs) 
St.  Clair  Street.  The  next  year  thev  removed 
to  8.5-87,  san\e  Street,  and  in  1884 'to  !»4  St. 
(Hair  and  20-22  Swan  Street,  where  they  n(.w 
are. 

In  1875,  Kibbi'  c*:  Brother  began  a  little 
business  as  amateur  Printers,  which  was  con- 
tinued until  1881,  when  Frank  AV.  Kibbe  and 
Will.  G.  Lenhart  engaged  in  general  Job  Print- 
ing. In  1880,  Frank  lleyer  became  connected 
with  the  office,  when  the  firm  was  named  the 
Kibbe  Printing  Company.  It  is  located  at  140 
St.  Clair  Street  (in  Ignited  States  Express 
building). 

Bellman  Brothers  (Wm.  M.  and  Charles  N.), 
in  1878,  with  a  few  types  and  a  SIO  jirinting 
press,  in  an  amateur  way  issued  a  School  paper 
called  the  Monthly  Record.  In  1880,  a  seconil 
press  was  obtained,  with  additional  types,  when 
general  Job  Printing  was  commenced.  In 
1884,  their  oifice  was  removed  nearer  the 
business  center  of  the  City,  and  in  1887  the 
first  tloor  of  building  Southeast  corner  of  St. 
Clair  and  Oak  Streets,  was  taken,  where  their 
business  has  been  enlarged. 

John  J.  Timmers,  No.  5  King  Block,  South- 
east corner  Madison  and  Water  Streets. 

Oblinger  &  Blakely,  St.  Clair Str.et.  between 
Orange  and  Cherry. 

St.  John  Printing  House,  Southeast  corner 
Water  anil  JefTerson  Streets. 

G.  A.  Tanner  &  Co.,  150  Summit  Street. 

J.  E.  Van  Wormer,  293  St.  <'lair  Street. 

Law  &  Preston,  Northeast  corner  Cherry  anil 
Summit  Streets. 

F.  AV.  Caughling,  0  King  Block,  Southeast 
corner  Madi-son  and  Watei-  Streets. 

Pailroader  Job  Printing  Office,  W.  O.  Brown, 
Jr.,  Manager,  341  St.  Clair  Street. 

Book  and  Job  Printing  continue  to  be  done 
in  connection  with  the  offices  of  the  Commercial, 
the  Bee,  and  the  E.ipress  (German). 

PRESS  ASSOCIATIONS. 

Western  Associated  Press. — The  work  of 
ii'athering  the  news   for   transmission    b\'  tele- 


G50 


SISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


irraph  to  the  press  of  tlic  coiintiy,  from  the 
boginnini;-  of  that  iiioile  of  transmission  until 
November,  1802,  had  been  left  chiefly  to  the 
operators  and  oilier  enijiloyos  of  the  Telegraph 
Companies.  At  that  lime  the  New  York  Asso- 
ciated Press  existed,  iiicluiling  ]:iapcrs  of  New 
York  City  and  JMiiladelphia.  Tliis  combination 
]iroved  so  successful,  that  the  Western  ]iress 
was  induced  to  attemjjt  a  similar  arrangement, 
as  the  only  means  of  relief  from  the  severe  em- 
barrassments under  which  they  were  laboring. 
The  first  definite  step  in  that  direction  con- 
sisted of  a  meeting  of  representatives  of  the 
daily  papers  in  the  leading  AVestcrn  t'itics, 
which  was  hckl  at  Indianajiolis,  Indiana,  No- 
vember 25,  18G2,  wheu  the  following  gentlemen 
were  present,  to  wit : 

M.  I).  Potter,  of  the  Cincinnati  Commercial. 

S.  B.  McLean,  Cincinnati  luirjuirer. 

fi'ichanl  Smith,  Ciuciimati  Ga:iile. 

,T.  D.  Osborn,  LouisvilU^  Journal. 

John  L.  Wilscjn  and  J.  (t.  Ueviu,  Chicago  Joiono/. 

Joseph  Medill  and  Alfred  Cowles,  Chicago  Tribune. 

A.  Worden,  Chicago  Times. 

L.  Brentano,  Chicago  Staats-Zeilung. 

•  ieorge  Knapp,  St.  Louis  Republican. 

G.  W.  Fishback,  St.  Louis  Democrat. 

]).  M.  Gri,ssen,  St.  Louis  Ereninij  A'ews. 

William  C'uddv,  St.  Louis  Union. 

H.  N.  Walker."  Itetroit  Free  P/-t»-. 

Henry  Barnes.  Detroit  Tribune. 

l^.  K.  Sulgrave  and  J.  M.  Tilford,  Indianapolis 
Journal. 

ti.  W.  Manypenny.  Columbus  (0.)  Statesman. 

F.  W.  Hurtt,  Columbus  Journal. 

J.  B.  Norman,  New  Albany  Ledger. 

John  It.  ICIder  and  J.  J.  Bingham,  Indianapolis 
Sentinel. 

A.  W.  Fairbanks  and  George  A.  Benedict,  Cleve- 
land Herald. 

Clark  Waggoner,  Toledo  Blade. 

James  A.  Boyd,  Toledo  Commercial. 

\V.  S.  Lingle,  Lafayette  Courier. 

Kdwin  Cowles,  Cleveland  Leader. 

T.  A.  Stow,  Cleveland  I'la in- Dealer. 

After  a  free  comparison  of  views,  the  Con- 
vention formed  itself  into  an  asi50ciation  to  be 
known  as  the  "  Western  Associated  Press,"  for 
which  eight  Directors  were  chosen,  to  wit: 
tieo.  Knap]j,  Joseph  Medill,  Henry  N.Walker, 
J.  D.  Osborn,  Richard  Smith,  J{.  Kiddle  (Pitts- 
burgh Gazette),  John  II.  Elder  and  Clark 
Waggoner.  Of  this  Board  of  Directors,  Richard 
Smith  was  elected  President,  and  Joseph  Medill 
Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

Messrs.  Smith,  Medill  and  Sulgrave  were 
a])pointed  as  a  committee  to  investigate  the 
subject  of  substitutes  for  rags  and  material  for 
jiaper.  Since  that  date,  straw,  wood-fibre  and 
other  substitutes  for  rags  have  entered  largely, 
and  sometimes  almost  wholh',  into  the  manu- 
facture of  "  print  paper." 

From  thai  beginning  the  Western  Associated 
Press  has  gone  forward  w  ith  iucreasinirstrentrth 
and  efhcienc}'. 

Toledo  Press  Club. — This  organization  is 
constituted  of  persons  connected  with  the  public 


Press  of  the  Citj',and  is  designed  to  promote  the 
social  relations  and  common  interests  of  its 
members.  It  was  organized  in  1880.  All  jici'- 
sons  connected  with  the  Press  of  Toletlo  as 
Journalists,  are  eligible  to  active  mcmbershii), 
and  others  to  the  relation  of  honorary  members. 
The  ju'csent  officers  of  the  Club  are  as  follows: 
President,  Robinson  Locke  ;  Vice  President, 
Mrs.  Kate  B.  Sherwood;  Secrctar3-,  J'\'i'ris  W. 
Dyar;  Treasurer,  Charles  Couglilin. 


Jfssup  Wakeman  Scott  was  born  at 
Ridgefield,  Connecticut,  February  25,  IT'Jit. 
His  ancestors  were  of  the  old  New  Haven 
C'olony  stock.  So  fully  ilid  he  improve  the 
advantages  supplied  by  the  District  Schools, 
that  at  the  age  of  It!  j-ears  he  became  aTeacher. 
Beginning  at  home,  he  continiied  such  pursuit 
in  New  Jersey,  Georgia  and  South  Carolina, 
meeting  with  exceptional  success.  At  18  he 
devoted  some  attention  to  the  study  of  medicine, 
but  soon  changed  to  the  profession  of  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  Bars  of  Georgia  and  South 
Carolina  in  1822.  Although  devoting  several 
years  to  the  practice,  it  seems  never  to  have 
become  accepted  as  a  life-work  with  him.  He 
was  at  one  time  a  Teacher  in  the  State  Female 
College  at  Columbia,  South  Carolina.  In  con- 
sequence of  the  sharp  issues  then  rising  on  the 
Slavery  question,  in  which  Mr.  Scott  fully 
sympathized  with  the  North,  ho  conchuled  it 
better  to  return  to  the  North,  which  he  did  in 
1830.  In  the  Spring  of  1831,  he  came  West 
and  located  at  Florence  (then  in  Huron,  now 
in  Erie  County),  as  the  agent  of  Jessup  Wake- 
man,  his  fixther-in-law,  who  owned  a  large  tract 
of  land  in  that  vicinity,  and  chiefly  in  Wake- 
man  Township,  Huron  County.  Here  he  com- 
menced the  publicationof  a  monthlyperiodical, 
rntitlcd  the  Ohio  and  Michigan  Register  and 
EinigranVs  Guide,  which  was  ]irinted  at  Nor- 
walk.  As  indicated  by  its  title,  it  was  devoted 
to  intelligence  desirable  with  those  seeking  in- 
formation of  the  Western  country*.  It  was  in 
this  pajier  that  Mr.  Scott  first  discussed  his 
original  views  upon  the  ultimate  results  of 
jiopulation  and  ti-ade  in  respect  to  interior 
Cities  ;  and  especially  his  belief,  as  subsec[ueutly 
more  fully  ])re8ented,  that  the  Future  Great 
City  of  the  World  would  be  found,  not  on  the 
seaboard,  but  in  the  interior.  As  early  as  1828, 
while  yet  in  the  South,  Mr.  Scotfs  attention 
was  called  to  the  remarkable  natural  advantages 
of  the  vicinit}'  of  the  head  of  Lake  Erie,  as  fur 
nishing  a  future  City  of  great  importance  ;  and 
in  Jul>'  of  tiiat  year,  he  aildrossed  General  John 
F.  Hunt,  then  Postmaster  at  Maumeo,  a  lettei-. 
in  which  he  said  :  ''I  wish  to  obtain  all  the 
information  in  my  power  respecting  your  sec- 
tion of  country,  with  thij  view  of  making  it  my 
future  residence."  The  result  of  his  investiga- 
tion was  such,  that  alter  remaining  about  one 
year  at  Florence,    he  visited   ^laumee  (1832), 


^/^^ 


J<~    'n'^L-^yn''^x\-£^' 


\ 


THE  PRESS. 


CA\ 


and  made  the  purchase  of  70  acres  of  land  now 
in  Toledo,  and  elsewhere  referred  to  in  this 
volume.  In  1833  ho  removed  his  family  to 
I'errysburg,  M'hore  he  resumed  the  jiractice  of 
the  law,  and  was  chosen  Prosecuting  Attorney. 
Still  bent  on  literary  ])ursuits,  in  December  of 
that  year,  in  ])artnershi]>  with  llciii-}'  I)arliiijr, 
a  brother-iu  law,  he  started  the  jiioneer  ]ia])i'r 
of  the  Maumee  Valley — the  Miami  of  the  Lakf, 
that  then  being  the  a])])ellation  of  the  Maumee 
Kiver.  The  tide  of  speculation  soon  began  to 
rise  in  this  region,  as  throughout  the  West,  and 
Mr.  Scott  dealt  freely  in  lands,  and  deemed 
himself  to  be  a  man  of  wealth.  In  ISIJti  be 
''retired  on  his  fortune"  to  Bridgeport,  Con- 
necticut, but  by  the  crash  of  1837,  was  called 
back  to  ^Maumee,  where  he  remained  for  seven 
years.  But  no  extent  of  disa])pointment  could 
destroy  his  faith  that  on  the  Maumee  Hiver  was 
to  bo  the  tJreat  City  of  the  Future,  which  belief 
was  made  the  basis  of  many  articles  prejiared 
by  him  for  the  public  press.  While  his  views 
fiiileil  to  command  general  acceptance,  they 
gave  him  prominence  among  reflecting  minds. 
In  1844  Mr.  Scott  first  made  Toledo  his  residence, 
ami  at  once  became  connected  with  the  Blade, 
which  he  conducted  for  several  years.  In  1857 
he  removed  to  Castleton,  below  Albanj-,  New 
York,  where  he  remained  some  years,  and 
returned  to  Toledo.  U\  IStiS,  he  prepared  with 
much  care  and  published  a  pamphlet  .setting 
forth  more  fully  his  theory  of  the  "Futui'e 
Creat  City  of  the  World,"  which,  as  he  claimed, 
Toledo  was  to  be.  In  October,  1872,  sensible 
of  the  near  approach  of  the  end  of  life,  and 
anxious  to  give  effect  to  his  deep  interest  in  his 
fellow-citizens  and  their  posterity,  Mr.  Scott 
devised  and  formulated  the  scheme  for  the 
endowment  of  an  institution  of  learning  to  be 
known  as  "  The  Toledo  University  of  Arts  and 
Trades,"  the  character,  details  and  jjresent 
coniiition  of  which  plan  arc  elsewhere  set 
forth  in  connection  with  the  history  of  the 
Toledo  Manual  Training  School.  Mr.  Scott 
throughout  was  recognized  asa  writer  of  ability, 
and  for  many  years  was  specially  conspicuous 
with  the  public  press.  He  wasalways  a  staunch 
advocate  of  sound  morals  and  free  thought, 
and  had  no  toleration  for  vice  or  lawlessness 
in  any  form.  Asa  citizen,  ho  was  a  model  of 
propriety,  and  in  pi-actice  as  well  as  2n-ece])t,  a 
leader  in  public  and  private  virtue.  The 
causes  of  temperance  and  popular  education 
found  in  him  an  earnest  champion.  Mr.  Scott 
was  married  at  South)iort,  Connecticut,  in  Maj', 
1824,  with  Miss  Susan  Wakcman,  who,  with 
three  sons, accompanied  him  to  Florence  in  the 
Spring  of  1831.  At  the  time  of  Mr.  Scott's 
death  they  were  within  four  months  of  their 
(iolden  Wedding.  Mrs.  Scott  survivetl  her 
husband  until  April,  1882,  when  she,  too, 
yielded  to  ailvancing  age.  They  had  three 
childi-en— William  II.  and  Frank  J.,  of  Toledo; 


and    Maurice 
York. 


A.    Scott,    of    Castleton,    New 


Vnnw  the  I'iograpliical  Cyclopn'ilia  nl'ohli). 

("l,.\UK  W. \(  icioNK  It,  Collector  (if  In  tci-nal  l?cve- 
niH!  f(ir  the  Tenth  district,  Ohio,  was  born  in 
Milan  Township,  Huron  (now  in  Fri<>)  CountN', 
Ohio,  September  (1,  l.S2l>.  His  father,  Israel 
Wagi^oncr,  was  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  born 
in  178'.t,  and  came  to  Ohio  in  1811,  engaging 
in  farming.  For  a  time,  he  was  mail-cari'ici- 
between  the  mouth  of  Huron  River  and  Alans- 
field  (50  miles),  with  but  one  "clearing"  on 
the  route.  The  mother,  Liicretia  Buck,  was 
born  in  Massachusetts  in  1787,  spending  her 
childhood  and  youth  at  Bennington,  Vermont. 
In  1807  she  went  to  Hiitl'alo,  New  York,  and 
there  married  Peter  Lake.  In  1815  ihefamilv 
came  to  Ohio,  locating  in  Huron  Count}-,  where 
the  busl)and  soon  died,  and  in  181!t  the  widow 
and  Israel  W^aggoner  were  married.  The  son's 
School  facilities  consisted  in  what  were  fur- 
nished b}'  the  Village  District  (onl}-  ordinarv 
for  those  days),  and  ended  at  the  age  of  I'i 
years,  except  two  short  terms  at  Huron  Insti- 
tute, Milan.  For  whatever  of  literary  educa- 
tion ho  afterwards  accpiired,  he  was  indebted 
chiefly  to  what  Dr.  Franklin  .so  well  named  and 
showed  to  be  the  "Poor  Boy's  College" — the 
printing  office — which  he  entered  as  an  ai)|)ren- 
tice,  at  the  age  of  13  years,  in  the  office  t)f  the 
Milan  Times,  completing  his  trade  in  the  office 
of  the  Norwalk  Reflector.  In  1838,  as  a  "Jour. 
Printer,"  he  accepted  a  situation  at  Fremont 
(then  Lower  Sandusky),  and  in  Jfay,  183!t,  at 
the  age  of  18,  became  the  Publisher  of  the 
Lower  Sandusky  ^yllig,  a  new  ])a])ei',  which 
was  continued  until  1843,  when  he  i'emo\ed 
the  office  to  his  native  Town,  and  established 
the  Milan  Tribune.  This  was  published  until 
1851,  at  which  time  the  office  was  mei'ged  with 
that  of  the  Clarion,  at  Sandusk3-,thc  new  paper 
being  named  the  Register,  in  which  were  asso- 
ciated with  Mr.  Waggoner,  Earl  Bill,  now  clerk 
of  the  United  States  Court  for  the  Northern 
District  of  Ohio,  and  Henry  D.  Cooke,  late 
Governor  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  now  de- 
ceased. In  185(5  Mr.  Waggoner  removed  to 
Toledo,  and  with  G.  T.  Stewart,  then  and  now 
of  Norwalk,  Ohio,  purchased  the  Toledo  Blade, 
Mr.  Waggoner  becoming  the  manager  of  the 
establishment,  and  ere  long  the  editor  of  the 
]iaper,  continuing  as  such  until  IHIJS,  when  he 
retired.  He  thusconducted  the  jjafjcr  thi'ough- 
out  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  and  gave  to  the 
cause  of  the  Union  a  strong  and  efl'cclivo 
support. 

As  the  result  of  a  difTercncc  in  view  as  to  the 
true  ])olicy  for  the  conduct  of  the  War,  Mi\ 
Waggoner  was  brought  into  conflict  with  a 
large  portion  of  his  He|)ublican  associates  in 
the  Congressional  District.     He  was  sustained 


(>.■):; 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


in  liis  views  by  the  more  conservative  mem- 
bers of  the  party,  who  selected  Morrison  If. 
Waile  fnow  Chief' .lustiee  of  the  United  States) 
as  tiieir  candidate  for  Congress,  who  was  not 
elected.  The  position  of  this  portion  of  the 
]iarty  was  that  of  President  Lincoln,  that  tiie 
War,  on  the  partof  the  Government,  should  be 
conducted  primarily  to  save  the  Union,  leaving 
Slavery  and  other  special  interests  to  take  their 
chances  in  the  j-esult.  To  this  was  opjioscd 
the  extreme,  or  "radical,"  ]iolicy,  making  the 
abolition  of  Slavery  a  condition  precedent  in 
any  terms  for  ]ieace.  Though  Mr.  Waite  then 
failed  of  an  election,  the  canvass  gave  him  an 
introduction  and  standing  as  a  sound  and  able 
conservative  in  policy,  which  opened  the  way 
to  the  exalted  jjositioji  subsequently  reached 
by  him,  and  one  more  consistent  with  his  taste 
and  professional  ambition. 

Mr.  Waggoner's  real  introduction  as  Editor 
to  thepeople  of  Northwestern  Ohio,  was  in  1850, 
through  a  cowardly  personal  assault  made  upon 
him  by  a  notorious  gambler,  because  the  Blade 
had  expressed  the  opinion  that  it  was  against 
])ublic  policy  for  a  man  who  had,  in  one  year, 
jileaded  "  guilty"  to  two  indictments  for  gam- 
bling, to  be  continued  as  a  depositary  of  public 
money.  His  life  was  at  that  time  openly 
threatened,  as  it  afterwards  was,  because  of  his 
bold  denunciation  of  gambling  and  other  crimes 
and  vices. 

In  18(30,  in  connection  with  his  eldest  son, 
I!al]ili  II.  Waggoner,  Mr.  Waggoner  purchased 
the  Toledo  Commeixial,  v/hich  he  edited  during 
his  connection  with  the  paper,  and  until  Janu- 
ary, 1876.  It  was  in  the  conduct  of  the  Com- 
mercial,ihat  Mr.  Waggoner  was  most  frequently 
influential  in  controlling  political  and  public 
results.  Notably  among  the  former,  is  the  part 
he  took  in  the  selection  of  the  Eepublican  can- 
didate for  Governor  of  Ohio,  in  1875,  which 
jiroved  to  have  so  much  bearing  upon  more 
important  subsequent  events.  By  concerted 
action,  in  April  of  that  j-ear,  most  of  the  lead- 
ing Rejjublican  journals  of  the  State  simul- 
tancoush"  brought  out  Hon.  Alphonso  Taft  for 
that  otfico.  The  ground  for  such  action,  was 
the  alleged  personal  popularity  of  that  gentle- 
man with  certain  classes  of  voters  residing 
chiefl}'  in  Cities,  which  popularity  was  mainly 
due  to  his  declared  opinions  against  the  use  of 
the  Bible  in  Public  Schools.  Disagreeing  with 
these  views,  and  appreliending  disaster  to  the 
party  from  the  nomination  of  a  standard- 
liearer  for  the  reason  that  he  entertained  them, 
Mr.  Waggoner,  in  the  Commercial,  opposed  the 
movement  in  favor  of  Judge  Taft.  and  urged, 
in.stead,  the  nomination  of  liutherford  B. 
Hayes,  who  had  twice  been  Governor,  and  was 
then  in  private  life;  and  who  had  refu.sed  the 
use  of  liis  name  for  the  position,  just  before 
Judge  Talt  was  suggested,  and  still  protested 
against  being  considered  a  candidate.  Notwith- 
standing such  positive  protest,  and   the  almost 


unanimous  support  of  Judge  Taft  by  the  Repub- 
lican daily  juess,  Mr.  Waggoner  insisted  thatEx- 
tiovcrnor  Hayes  should  be  nominated,  as  the 
onlj-  hope  of  unity,  and  of  the  success  in  Ohio 
in  1875,  on  which  so  largely  dejiended  all  hope 
of  success  in  the  approaching  Presidential 
contest.  The  canvass — an  active  and  earnest 
one — closed  with  a  complete  endorsement  of 
Mr.  AVaggoner's  action,  in  the  unanimous 
nomination  of  Ex-Governor  Hayes  bj' the  State 
Convention,  to  be  followed  by  his  election  over 
(tovernor  William  Allen,  and,  as  direct  conse- 
quences, his  subsequent  nomination  and  elec- 
tion as  President,  in  1870. 

Among  the  incidents  of  Mr.  W^aggoner's  life 
most  satisfactory  to  himself,  is  the  part  he  took 
in  removing  the  l^ars  of  prejudice  by  which  the 
colored  children  of  Toledo  were  excluded  from' 
the  educational  facilities  provided  for  their 
white  neighbors.  This  was  accomplished  in 
1871,  after  a  contest  of  over  two  years,  in 
which  the  Commercial  led  the  cause  of  justice 
against  the  prejudices  and  timidity  of  the  Board 
of  Education.  The  result  was  finally  reached 
through  a  public  sentiment  aroused  and  made 
effective  largely  by  Mr.  Waggoner's  persistent 
support  of  the  right.  It  is  proper  here  to 
state,  that,  upon  the  test  of  trial  being  made, 
there  were  found  to  exist  none  of  the  obstacles 
to  the  policy  of  justice  and  humanity  so  greatly 
feared,  no  trouble  whatever  arising  from  the 
association  of  races  in  the  Schools. 

The  part  taken  by  Mr.  Waggoner  in  the 
establishment  of  the  present  system  of  water 
supply  for  Toledo  may  be  mentioned.  After 
several  years  of  discussion,  the  City  Council, 
by  nearl}^  unanimous  vole,  had  been  led  to 
adopt,  and  the  citizens  generally  to  accept,  the 
Holl}-  system  of  Water  Works.  Becoming 
satisfied,  from  investigation,  that  this  system 
was  not  desirable  for  the  Citj-,  and  that  the 
Stand-])ipe  plan  was  better,  Air.  Waggoner 
advocated  a  change  accordingly,  which  was 
strongly  opposed  by  the  Council,  sustained  by 
a  portion  of  the  City  press.  The  discussion 
lasted  some  three  months,  and  was  active  and 
somewhat  bitter,  but  closed  with  the  nearlj' 
unanimous  adoption  by  the  Council  of  a  reso- 
lution surrendering  the  Holly  and  accepting 
the  Stand-pipe  plan,  which  was  soon  after 
introduced,  and  is  believed  to  l>e  equal  in 
etticiency,  economy  and  durability  to  that  of 
any  other  City  in  the  countrj-. 

Mr.  Waggoner  preserved,  and  now  holds  as 
a  pi'oud  "monument"  to  his  lite-work,  50 
bound  volumes  of  newspapers,  of  which  he  was 
J'ublisher  and  Editor.  Thej-  cover  an  aggre- 
gate of  35  years  of  time,  and  include  12  years 
of  Weekly-,  and  23  years  of  Dail^-  journals. 
Throughout  this  long  ]3eriod,  his  record  was 
that  of  a  conscientious,  independent  and  fear- 
less advocate  of  truth,  justice  and  honesty  in 
every  department  of  life.  Whether  in  social, 
moral,  b\isiness  or  ]iolilieal  affairs,  his  jien  was 


TUE  I'liE^a. 


653 


ever  iviidj  in  defense  of  tlie  right,  regardless 
of  what,  in  a  si'ltish  view,  migiit  seem  to  he 
imniediato  disadvantage  to  liiniself.  Ho  was 
rare!}'  long  without  the  antagonism  of  some 
special  interest;  but  without  an  exception 
worth  naming,  tiie  outcome  justified  his  course. 
As  far  as  his  action  was  concerned,  it  mattered 
with  iiim  little  whether  he  was  tiius  brought  in 
conflict  with  personal  friends  or  enemies,  with 
jiolitical  associates  or  o])ponents,  with  men  of 
high  or  of  low  standing,  with  the  few  or  the 
many.  His  course  showed  the  same  consistent 
and  inflexible  adherence  to  the  convictions  of 
his  own  mind.  These  once  carefulh' and  satis- 
factoril}-  reached,  were  ever  the  guide  for  his 
action.  So  well  did  this  fact  come  to  bo  recog- 
nized, that  the  influence  of  his  paper  was 
powerful  with  the  public.  Always  active  in 
the  )iromoticn  of  public  onlerpri.ses  and  local 
interests,  he  was  no  less  vigilant  in  the  sup- 
port of  a  sound  morality  and  the  mainteiumce 
of  law  and  order.  It  is  safe  to  say,  that  no 
pcr.son  has  done  more  to  elevate  the  character 
of  the  public  Press  in  Northern  Ohio,  than 
has  Mr.  Waggoner  thioughout  the  generation 
of  time  covered  by  his  labors  as  a  journalist. 

The  a]i]iointmeiit  of  !Mi'.  Waggoner  as  Col- 
lector i>t  Internal  I\evenue,  was  tlie  unsolicited 
act  of  President  Hayes,  which  has  been  more 
than  justified  by  the  high  standing  to  which  the 
District  was   soon  brought  and  is  maintained. 

Mr.  Waggoner's  political  opinions  were  first 
formed  during  President  Jackson's  last  term, 
when  he  accepted  the  views  and  policy  of  the 
Whigs,  then  under  the  lead  of  Henry  Clay, 
Daniel  Webster,  Thomas  Ewing,  and  other 
giants  in  statesmanship  of  those  days.  He 
continued  in  sujiport  of  the  Whig  party  until 
the  body  of  the  same  was  merged  into  its  Re- 
publican successor,  in  1855,  with  which  latter 
he  has  since  been  actively  identified. 

On  the  20th  of  December,  1841,  Mr.  Wag- 
goner was  married  at  Fremont,  Ohio,  with 
Miss  Sjivia  B.,  youngest  daughter  of  the  late 
Chauncey  Eoberts,  for  many  j'ears  a  promi- 
nent hotel-keejier  and  stage  proprietor  at  that 
place.  They  have  had  five  children,  all  of 
whom  are  now  living — Ealjjb  H.,  an  Advertis- 
ing Broker,  in  New  York;  J.  Fred.,  Periodical 
and  Book  Publisher,  Chicago,  Illinois;  Mrs. 
Carrie  AV.  Seward,  of  New  Jersej-,  and  Misses 
Fann}-  and  Mary  Ella,  of  Toledo. 

— The  foregoing  was  prepared  in  1881.  Mr. 
Waggoner  retired  from  the  office  of  Collector 
of  Internal  Eevenue  August  1,  1882,  after  a 
service  of  five  j-ears,  during  which  period  the 
District,  for  the  first  time  in  its  history,  at- 
tained, under  the  standard  fixed  by  the  Treas- 
ury Department,  the  grade  of  "First-Class, 
according  to  the  Scale  of  Merit."  Many  let- 
ters from  the  Commissioner  of  Internal  Reve- 
nue— in  dates  extending  from  December,  1S78, 
to  May,  1882 — bore  uniform  testimony  to  the 
unsurpassed   success  of  Collector  Waggoner's 


administration,  and  extended  to  liim  the 
"thanks  and  congratulations  "  of  his  supei-ior 
ofliccr,  (Icncral  Greene  li.  Ilaiini,     Thus — 

December  l.S,  187S,  tlie  Ciuuiiii.ssioiicr  wmtc: 
"  N()tliiii<;  could  be  more  complete,  tlian  the  manner 
in  wliidi  every  ilitail  of  tbe  service  is  eonducteil  in 
your  District.  This  i-omliliun  of  all'airs  is  certainly 
very  ^'ratifyiii;;  to  lliis  ollii-e.  It  relieets  j.'rcat  credit 
upon  your.self  ami  upon  your  suljordiiiales."  Jlay 
'Jo,  1.S,S2:  "  Your  ollicc  was  found,  njiou  it.s  recent  e.\- 
auiination  by  Revenue  Ajrent  Wheeler,  in  excellent 
condition.  Your  grade,  as  usual,  is  A'o.  one,  or  Fi}fl- 
Vltm." 

Such  result  could  have  been  attained  by  the 
Collector  only  with  the  co-operation  of  sub- 
ordinates able  and  faithful  in  their  service. 
These  were— Chief  Deputy  Clayton  R.  Heath, 
and  Deputies  Leroj-  E.  Clarke,  James  W.  Koss, 
Lewis  E.  Brewster  and  Vincent  J.  Emmick,  at 
Toledo;  James  AV.  Baker,  at  Norwalk;  and 
Geo.  O.  Selkirk  and  Mrs.  Eva  G.  Center,  at 
Sandusky. 

Since  the  close  of  his  service  as  Collector, 
Mr.  Waggoner's  attention  has  been  chiefly  di- 
rected to  obtaining  historical  material  for  use 
in  dirt'eront  forms,  of  which  the  Ilistoiy  of 
Toledo  and  Lucas  County  is  one.  During  this 
time,  he  has  carefully  examined,  sheet  by  sheet, 
800  bound  volumes  of  public  journals,  extend- 
ing in  dates  as  far  back  as  1814,  and  has  made 
over  7,000  notations  of  facts  of  more  or  less 
permanent  interest,  with  reference  to  the 
record  of  each.  Such  notations  have  greatly 
promoted  the  preparation  of  this  History,  and 
\vill  be  of  increasing  value  for  future  use. 

In  early  manhood,  Mr.  Waggoner  made  the 
Christian  profession,  and  has  since  been  i<lenti- 
fied  with  the  Presbyterian  Church.  With  Mrs. 
Waggoner  he  was  of  the  original  members  of 
Westminster  Church,  Toledo,  and  yet  holds 
that  connection,  as  have  most  of  their  children. 


JosEi'ii  R.  Williams  was  born  at  Taunton, 
Massachusetts,  November  14,  ISOS,  his  parents 
soon  removing  to  New  Bedford.  He  was  a 
lineal  descendant,  on  the  father's  side,  of  the 
Puritan  Govei-nor  Winslow;  and  his  mothei' 
was  a  birthright  mcmlier  of  the  Society  of 
Frienils.  At  the  age  of  18  he  entered  Sandwich 
Academy,  for  jireparatory  studies  with  refer- 
ence to  a  Collegiate  coui'se,  and  was  graduated 
at  Harvard  in  18^51.  He  at  once  began  the 
study  of  law  in  the  office  of  "Honest  John 
Davis,"  at  Worcester;  which  completed,  he  was 
admitted  to  yiractice  and  became  a  partner  with 
John  W.  Clifford,  of  New  Bedford.  His  health 
soon  failing,  requiring  a  relinqtiishment  of  his 
profession,  lie  came  West  as  the  agent  of  a  New 
England  comjiauy  seeking  investments  in 
lands.  In  such  capacity  he  arrived  at  Toledo 
in  183;"),  where  he  remained  until  1830,  when 
he  removed  to  Constantinc,  ^lichigan,  making 
large  investments  at  that  point,  including  the 
construction    and   operation    of  flouring-uiills. 


L 


G54 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


lie  tliorc  liocatno  aclivflj-  identified  -with  iwlit- 
iejil  mutters;  was  a  lueinber  of  the  State  ("on- 
.stitutional  (;i)in-entioiM)fl850  ;  twice  the  Wliig 
eaiididalofiirt'oiigrcss,  and  twice  tlie  candidate 
of  llie  satne  party  lor  United  States  Senator 
ajj;ainst  General  Cass;  and  Avas  a  delegate  to 
tiio  Chieairo  Kiver  and  Harbor  Convention  in 
1847.  In  May,  1853,  he  purchased  the  Toledo 
Blade,  resiiniin2;  his  residence  in  that  City.  As 
a  conductor  of  tiiat  journal,  he  took  a  promi- 
nent and  influential  position  in  public  aftair.s, 
and  especially  in  political  matters,  then  in  an 
unseltk'd  and  formative  condition.  In  1855-6 
lie  had  the  contract  for  binding  for  Congress, 
and  in  the  latter  3-ear  sold  the  Blade  to  Clark 
AVaggoner  and  G.  T.  Stewart.  lie  then  became 
th(^  i're.sident  of  tlie  Michigan  Agricultural 
College,  and  alter  holdingthe  position  for  three 
years,  was  conijielled,  from  ill-health,  to  relin- 
quish it.  S]iending  a  few  months  in  the  Baha- 
mas, he  returned  in  1860;  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate  of  Michigan,  of  which  he  was  maile 
the  jiresiding  officer,  which  position  ho  held 
until  the  time  of  his  death  from  hemorrhage, 
June  15,  1861.  Mr.  Williams  was  a  man  of 
rare  intelligence,  independence  and  energy  of 
character,  and  a  writer  of  much  ability  and 
force.  He  left  a  wife,  Mrs.  Sarah  R.  Langdon 
Williams,  now  a  resident  of  Toledo,  with  whom 
ho  was  married  May  28,  1844,  at  Buffalo,  New 
York,  and  who  was  a  daughter  of  John  Lang- 
don, of  Portsmouth,  New  Ham]ishire,  and 
grand-niece  of  Governor  John  Langdon,  of  that 
State.  Three  daughters  sui'vived  Mr.  Williams 
— Charlotte  Langdon,  the  wile  of  John  F. 
Kumler;  Sibyl  (now  deceased),  the  wile  of  J. 
Kent  Hamilton  ;  and  Rebecca,  the  wife  of  Wm. 
H.  Cooper,  of  the  City  of  New  York. 


David  Ross  Locke  was  born  in  Vestal, 
Broome  County,  New  York,  September  20, 
1833,  and  died  at  Toledo,  February  15,  1888. 
His  lather,  Nathaniel  Eced  Locke,  _\  ct  living  at 
the  advanced  age  of  94  years,  was  a  Soldier  in 
the  Warof  1812-15.  At  the  age  of  10  years  the 
son  entered  the  office  of  the  Courtland  JDemocrat, 
to  learn  the  printing  business,  and  while  yet 
young  he  sat  out  as  a  journeyman  in  search  of 
work,  which  ho  found  at  different  points.  At 
Pittsburgh,  Penn.,  he  was  emplo3ed,  fii-st  as 
reporter,  and  then  as  assistant  to  the  Editor  of 
the  Chronicle.  In  1852,  with  James  G.  Rob- 
inson, he  started  the  Plj-mouth  Advertiser,  at 
Plymouth,  Richland  County,  Ohio,  which 
they  published  for  two  years.  In  1856  Mr. 
Locke  started  the  Bucyriis  Journal.  Subse- 
quently, in  succession,  he  conducted  the  Mans- 
field Herald,  the  Bellefontaine  Jiepublican  and 
the  Pindlay  Jeffersonian.  It  was  while  con- 
nected with  the  latter  paper,  and  during  the 
War  of  the  Rebellion,  that  Mr.  Locke  com- 
menced writing  the  "  Nasby  "  letters,  which 
subsequently  attained  extensive  circulation  and 


gave  him  special  prominence  throughout  the 
country.  In  October,  1865,  ])reviously  hav- 
ing closed  his  connection  with  the  Findlay 
l>a])er,  Mr.  Locke  began  his  connection  with 
the  Toledo  press,  as  stated  on  pages  640-(J41. 
For  several  }"ears  ho  spent  considerable  time  in 
the  delivery  of  jjublic  lecturcsin  difterent  parts 
of  the  country.  Ho  made  a  somewhat  extended 
trip  through  Groat  Britain  and  the  Continent, 
when  he  wrote  a  series  of  letters  ("Nasl)y  in 
Exile")  subsequently  published  in  a  volume. 
The  "Nasby"  letters  were  thus  issued,  as  also 
were  other  volumes  of  his  writings—"  Kkkoes 
from  Kentuck}-,"  "Abou  Ben  Adhem,"  "Strug- 
gles of  Petroleum  V.  Nasby,"  "Swinging 
Rounil  theCircle,"  "  Paper  City,"  and  "Hannah 
Jane" — all  which  partaking  of  the  style  of 
satire,  wore  employed  to  correct  erroneous 
views  and  sentiments  in  regard  to  matters  of 
political,  social  and  practical  life.  In  this  de- 
partment of  literature  he  attained  prominence 
which  ver^'  few  American  writers  have  enjoyed. 
His  habits  of  labor  wore  exceptionally  method- 
ical and  close,  enabling  hina  to  accomplish  re- 
sults to  bo  secured  in  no  other  way.  Some 
months  before  his  death,  Mr.  Jjocke's  health 
became  seriously  im])airod,  and  different  steps 
were  taken  for  its  restoration,  but  without  suc- 
cess, the  end  occurring  as  already  stated,  \n  the 
55th  year  of  his  age.  He  was  married  while 
residingatPlymouth,  with  Miss  Martha  Bodine, 
who  survives  him,  as  do  three  sons — Robinson, 
Edmund  and  Charles,  the  former  succeeding 
his  lather  as  Editorial  Manager  of  the  Blade. 

Beside  a  pioneer  in  the  Nursery  business, 
Mr.  Asa  W.  Maddocks  held  like  jwsition  in 
the  printing  offices  of  Toledo.  He  was  an  a]i- 
])rcntice — "Devil,"  as  technically  called — in 
the  office  of  the  Toledo  Gazette,  which  very 
soon  succeeded  the  Herald  upon  its  suspension 
in  Se])tember,  1834.  He  was  employeil  on  the 
Gazette  when  in  1835  the  office  was  raided,  its 
type  piled  in  "pic,"  and  general  wreck  wi-ought 
with  the  materials  by  the  "  Michigan  lorccs," 
who  tooksuch  means  forvengcance  on  the  Ga- 
zette, for  its  su]iport  of  the  Ohio  side  of  the 
boundary  question.  Mr.  Maddocks,  in  1840, 
worked  on  the  Maumee  City  Express.  (Henry 
Reed  and  S.  T.  Ilosmer,  publishers),  ami  sub- 
sequently as  a  "Jour"  at  Adrian  and  other 
places. 

Silas  W.  Wilder,  a  native  of  Ashburidiam, 
Massachusetts,  learned  his  trade  in  the  office  of 
the  Spy,  Worcester,  Massachusetts.  He  after- 
wards jiublishcd,  in  succession,  the  Woonsocket 
(R.  1.)  Patriot,  the  Norfolk  Democrat  (\'>QA\\a.m, 
Mass.),  and  tho  Pathfinder  and  the  Carpet  Bag, 
Boston.  He  came  to  Toledo  in  1852,  and  be- 
came associated  with  Josiah  Riley,  in  the  pub- 
lication of  the  Commercial  Republican.  Novem- 
ber 26,  1854,  Mr.  Wilder  died,  leaving  a  wife 
and  three  children.  He  was  a  man  of  great 
industry  aud  unexceptionable  habits. 


PA  RT    X. 


ANNALS 


I 


CHAPTER    I. 


JCVKNTS     AM)    riaiSONS. 


Mri'ii  of  ti 
consists  of  fiK-ts  and  events  sujiplied  liy 
(liseonneeted  records  and  the  memories  of  ]ici-- 
sons  cognizant  of  the  same.  Availini;-  himself 
of  these  sources  of  inlbi'mation,  the  c<iii>]}iler 
has  gathered  material  which  it  is  believed  will 
lie  of  jiresent  intei'est  and  ]iermanent  value. 
Jn  tho  naliiro  of  the  case,  such  must  he  used 
without  special  connection  as  to  either  subject 
or  time. 

The  first  known  white  settlers  <ir  the  Maumeo 
Valley,  were  Gabriel  Godfrey  and  John  Bap- 
tiste  Beaugrand,  who  established  a  trading 
])ost  at  the  foot  of  the  Maumce  Eapids  about 
17',M(.  Other  French  settlors  came,  including 
La  I'oint,  Jlonieiiee  and  Peltier.  Janies  Car- 
lin,  a  blacksmith,  and  his  sou  Squire  Garlin 
(now  of  Hancock  Count}')  came  from  Monroe 
about  1807.  At  that  time  six  American  fami- 
lies were  there.  David  Hull,  a  ne])hcw  of 
Gen.  Isaac  Hull,  resiiK'il  at  Maumee. 

Near  the  mouth  ot  the  Maumce  River,  and 
oppo.site  Manhattan,  a  small  French  settlement 
was  established  about  1807.  It  was  near  to  a 
Village  of  Ottawa  Indians,  which  is  said  to 
have  existed  from  the  time  of  the  Pontiac 
Conspiracy  (1703),  and  the  widow  of  Pontiac, 
with  her  son  (Kan-tuck-eegun),  and  bis  son 
(Otussa),  were  yet  there.  Mesh-kee-nia,  a 
cousin  of  Otussa,  was  a  Chief  on  the  West  side 
of  the  i{iver,  where  he  was  prominent  as  an 
oratoi'.  A-beo-wa,  a  young  Chief,  was  ])oi- 
soned,  and  died  while  young.  At  this  time, 
thei'e  were  in  this  region  about  8,000  Ottawa.s, 
living  chiefly  by  tishing  and  huTiting.  Ot 
these,  the  remnant,  made  up  largely  of  vaga- 
bonds, were  removed  to  the  West  in  1887. 

No  name  is  more  prominent  among  the  earlv 
settlers  of  the  Maumee  Valley,  than  i.s  that  of 
Peter  Navarre.  He  was  said  to  be  a  grandson 
of  Robert  Naviirre,  a  French  army  officer,  who 
visited  this  section  in  1745.  Peter  was  born 
at  Detroit  in  1785,  where  his  f.ithei-  before  him 
was  born.  lii]S07,  with  his  brother  Robert 
he  erected  a  cabin  near  the  mouth  of  the 
Maumee  (East  side),  which  continued  to  be  his 
residence  while  he  live,!.  Heside  Canadian 
Fi'cnch,  he  could  speak  the  Pottawatomie 
Indian  dialect,  and  [lartially  those  of  other 
tribes.  In  woodcraft  and  Indian  methods  ho 
was  very  skillful,  while  his  bearing  was  ever 
that  of  a  "  boru  gentleman."  For  several 
years  he  was  employed  by  a  Detroit  house  in 
buying  furs  of  the  Miamis  near  Ft.  Wayne, 
Indiana,  whose  he  made  the  acquaintance  and 


fricndshi])  of  (Miief  Little  Turtle.  The  war  of 
1812-15  closed  the  fur  trade,  when  Peter  and 
his  three  brothers — Robert,  Alexis  and  .laquol 
(James) — tendered  their  si'rvices  to  (iencral 
Hull.  He  also  bescnight  General  Hull  to  ac- 
cepl  the  services  of  the  Miamis,  which  were 
declined,  and  they  afti'rwards  took  jiart  with 
the  British.  Before  seeing  active  service,  the 
Navarres  were  included  in  the  surrender  of 
General  Hull  and  paroled,  although  they  de- 
nied the  right  to  treat  him  as  a  ])risoiier 
of  war,  and  at  once  took  an  active  part  for  tho 
United  States ;  whereupon.  General  Proctor, 
the  British  Commander,  offered  a  reward  of 
£200  for  Peter's  head  or  scalp.  Until  the  close 
of  the  war,  ho  acted  as  scout  for  General  Har- 
rison. Ho  used  to  say  tiiat  the  worst  night  he 
ever  s])ent,  was  as  hearer  of  a  dispatch  from 
General  Harrison,  then  at  Fort  Meigs,  to  I'"(m-I 
Ste]ihenson  (now  Fremont).  Amid  a  fluin<ler- 
storm  of  great  fury  and  (all  of  water,  he  made 
the  triji  ot'over  liO  miles  through  the  unbroken 
wilderness,  and  the  morning  lollowing  deliv- 
ered to  General  Harrison  a  repl}'.  Because  his 
names  was  not  on  an  enlistment-roll,  the  law 
provided  no  pension  for  his  great  service,  but 
b}'  special  act  of  Congress,  his  last  days  were 
made  more  comfortable  by  pecuniary  relief.  At 
the  clo.sc  of  tho  war  ho  returneil  to  his  home, 
near  the  mouth  of  the  Maumee  River,  where  ho 
spent  tho  balance  of  his  life,  dying  in  J'last 
Toledo,  3Iareli  20,  1874,  in  his  80th  year.  For 
several  years  jircvious  to  his  death  he  served 
as  J'resident  of  the  Maumce  Valley  Pioneer 
Association. 

On  next  ])age  is  givcMi  a  port  rait  of  Peter  Na- 
varre, as  passing  through  a  forest  in  his  favor- 
ite character  as  a  Scout.  It  is  from  au  oil 
painting  by  Mr.  W.  H.  Machen,  formerly  of 
Toledo,  anil  now  of  Detroit,  a  work  of  special 
artistic  merit.  Tho  likeness  i.s  considered  a 
good  one  by  those  long  acquainted  with  Mr. 
Navarre. 

Prominent  among  tlie  very  earliest  settlers 
at  Tt)ledo,  were  John  T.  Baldwin  and  fiimily. 
This  fact,  together  with  their  other  relations  to 
this  region,  will  make  ]M-o])er  brief  mention  of 
their  movements  and  experiences  in  such  con- 
nection. Mr.  Baldwin  and  his  family  lelt 
Litchfield  County,  Connecticut,  in  1S()5,  for 
Northern  Ohio,  settling  at  Palmyra,  Portage 
County,  on  a  farm.  Here  they  remained  until 
September  4,  1817  At  thai  time  his  family 
consisted  of  his  wife,  four  sons — Alvah,  John, 
Tibbals    and    Marquis,   ami    one    daughter — 


658 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Uranius.  At  the  latter  date  the  famil_v,  Alvah 
cxcciited,  sat  out  for  Detroit.  At  Clevelaml 
tlicy  toolc  tlie  Scliooiicr  Lco|)ard,  a  28-ton 
c-rail,  previously  built  on  the  Guyalmga  River, 


N.  Hawloy   Mcrvvin,  for   four  barrels  of  floui-, 
subject  to  wareliouse  charges  for  stoi'age. 

Marquis  Baldwin,  of  Toledo,  has  a  Joint  diary 
and  aeeount  book  kejitby  his  father  for  several 


PETER  NAVAKUE,    AS  THE  SCOUT   OF  GEXEKAL   11  AnillSON-WAU  OF   l^l'MS. 


a  short  distance  above  its  mouth.  This  vessel 
was  built  with  reference  to  trade  at  the  West 
end  of  Lake  Erie  and  the  Detroit  and  Maumeo 
Eivers.  At  Cleveland,  Mr.  Baldwin  killed  a 
fat  cow,  and  sold  a  hind-quarter  of  flic  same  to 


years,  which  is  replete  with  local  and^sjeneral 
interest.  As  shown  bj-  that  record,  Mr.JBaldwin 
and  his  family  wci'e  among  the  earliest  of  the 
traders  who  came  to  this  region  as  soon  after 
the  close    of  the  War  of  1812-15  as  the  condi- 


E  VESTS  AND  PERSONS. 


(■59 


tioii  of  tilings  jusUfuHl  such  veiiliiro,  and  lie 
aiul  tlic  nu>.st  of  his  family  S])oiit  thi'  liahmcc  nf 
their  iln^'s  in  useful  and  honorable  aetivity 
here.  Citations  from  Mr.  l^aldwin's  i-ecord, 
necessarily  brief,  will  be  found  of  interest: 

Leavinj;  ('levelanil,  Sci)teuihcr  (!,  1S17,  the  Leop- 
ard arrived  at  Detroit,  after  a  tedious  pas.sat;e  of  jO 
days,  on  tlie  Kith.  There  Ins  attention  was  (Mvideil 
lietween  tlie  nianufaeture  and  ereetioti  ol  Ciiler 
Mills  and  Ihe  limited  trallie  wliieli  the  Leopard, 
ehietly  iu  charge  of  his  .sons,  was  able  to  secure,  lie 
made  several  mills,  while  the  vessel,  until  the  close 
of  navigation,  was  kept  usually  employed  iu  trans- 
liortaticui  on  the  Detroit  Kiver. 

Aliril  1.  ISl.S.  Mr.  Baldwin  left  Detroit  f,,r  "Or- 
leans of  the  North, "as  the  .settlement  on  the  Maumeo 
Kiver  below  Fort  i\Ieigs,  was  then  called.  They 
arrived  on  the  od,  and  oei'iipied  a  small  house.  Here 
they  reuuiined  until  .luly,  isl.s,  when  they  left,  going 
first  to  I'ut-in  Bay,  for  the  purpose  of  getting  out  a 
cargo  of  cedar  pickets  for  tlie  Detroit  market,  which 
latter  jilace  they  reached  during  that  month,  and 
where  their  former  life,  substantially,  W'as  re- 
peated until  November,  when  they  returned  to 
( Irleans,  taking  up  their  abode  iu  a  poition  of  Seneca 
Allen's  house.  Uere  their  experiences  were  about 
as  at  their  former  .sojourn,  the  family  sufTering 
severely  on  both  occasions  from  fever  and  ague — so 
much  so  as  often  to  have  no  one  with  strength  to 
care  for  the  sick.  They  all  were  active  at  such  em- 
ployment as  might  he  liad.  Mar(|uis  in  Ajiril,  1S19, 
'■  dropped"  corn  tor  General  \'ance,  a  farmer  above 
Orleans. 

.June  27,  1S19,  once  more  discouraged  by  Mauuiee 
life,  Mr.  Baldwin  and  family  again  left;  this  time  for 
their  old  home  in  Palmyra,  where  they  arrived 
July  30. 

]ii  fSeptember,  Mr.  Baldwin,  with  John  and  Tih- 
bals,  took  the  Leopard  at  Cleveland  and  sailed  for 
I'ut-iu  Bay,  there  occui>ying  the  board  shanty  of  a 
Mr.  Hill,  where  they  got  out  timber  for  Cider  Mills, 
and  for  use  at  Detroit,  where  the  father  was  l]U.sy 
with  his  null  jobs,  w  bile  the  sons  continued  traffic 
with  the  Vessel,  making  several  trips  to  Orleans  on 
one  of  which  she  wasloailed  with  Corn  for  Detroit  by 
Jonathan  Giblis.  This  sort  of  life  was  kept  up  more 
or  less,  until  1S21,  when  Mr.  Baldwin  returned  to 
Palmyra. 

On  the  lOth  of  February.  1823,  Mr.  Baldwin, 
with  hislamily  (Alvah  only  excepted),  for  the 
third  time,  essayed  to  make  a  home  on  the 
Mauniec,  with  Port  Lawrence  for  his  destina- 
tion. For  conveyance  for  himself,  family  ami 
goods,  he  had  two  oxsleds  and  a  oiie-liorse 
sleigh  ;  Marquis  (then  15  years  of  age)  driving 
two  cows.  At  Black  Eiver  (now  Lorain 
Countj'),  the  snow  tailed  them,  and  they  were 
compelled  to  take  the  Lake,  then  covered  with 
•solicl  ice,  which  they  followed  throughout  to 
the  Maumec  Kiver  and  up  to  Port  Lawrence, 
where  they  arrived,  after  a  jiassagc  of  nine 
days  from  Palmjfa. 

At  Port  Lawrence  Mr.  Baldwin  settled  in 
the  old  log  AVarehouse  at  the  toot  of  Monroe 
Street,  built  in  1817.  There  thej'  remained 
until  1833,  when  John  Baldwin  purchased  lot 
11,  Summit  Street  (North  side),  and  next  to  the 
corner  of  Monroe,  and  built  thereon  a  brick  two- 
story  building,  the  lower  jiart  of  which  he 
occupied  until  1836  as  a  Pa-ovision    Store,  the 


family  living  on  the  secoiul  floor.  In  lS3fi 
.loliii  built  on  Su]ierior  Street,  between  Wash, 
ington  ami  Lafayette,  Manpiis  remainiiig  with 
him,  and  the  father  and  Tihbals  going  on  a 
I'ai-ni,  a  |iart  id'  which  is  now  thi'  site  of  the 
Jlanhattau  Fliuiring  _Mills.  ,\fterw:irds  they 
removed  to  (irassy  Point  (on  the  Kiver  be 
tween  the  AVtibash  Kiuind-JIouse  and  the  Ijake 
Shore  Bailroad  briilge).  Subs(Mjuentl3-,  tlie 
family  returned  to  Town,  where  the  father 
died  in  1838,  Jo'hn  having  ])recodc'd  him  in 
death  in  1837.  Tihbals  then  returned  to  Pal- 
myra, where  he  died.  Alvah,  taking  the  farm 
at  Palmyra  in  1823,  remained  on  it  until  his 
death,  F(du-uary  22,  188(i,  at  the  age  of !)(»  years 
and  G  months.  ]\Iar(iuis  never  left  Tidedo 
alter  the  return  in  1823,  w  hicli,  at  the  end  of 
05  years,  is  yet  his  residence,  lie  is  the  last 
member  of  the  fiimily  living.  The  brother 
John  occupied  a  jiromincnt.  and  honorable 
])ositioii  here,  in  both  business  and  ]uiblic 
trust,  having  been  one  (d'  the  three  first  County 
Commissioners. 

The  experience  of  Mr.  lialdwin  and  his 
family  was  in  some  res]>ects  ])eculiar.  Called 
to  meet  reverses  in  business,  his  removal  to  the 
West  was  made  in  the  hope  of  recovery  ol 
lo.sscs.  Farm-life  failing  to  secure  such  end,  he 
adopted  the  varied  business  shown  in  his 
history,  without  special  financial  success.  l>nt 
the  condition  thus  given  the  family  greatly 
developed  the  energy  and  industry  of  all. 
Thus,  we  find  in  Mr.  ]?aldwin's  accounts, 
charges  for  the  making  of  jiants,  shirts  and 
other  garments  by  Mrs.  Jialilwin,  and  i-liocs  by 
John;  while  the  other  nn'inbi'i-s  were  constant 
in  contributing  by  all  means  available  to  the 
common  fund.  John  and  Tibbals  largely 
managed  the  Ijcopanl,  while  the  father  was  em- 
ployed in  making  Cider  Mills  and  other  work  ; 
Marijuis,  the  youngest,  doing  his  share  of  work 
according  to  his  years — the  household  labors 
taxing  the  utmost  strength  of  the  mother  and 
daughter.  The  recoi'd  of  this  family  is  citeil, 
not  so  much  as  exceptional,  as  because  it  shows 
something  of  the  trials  and  privations  common 
to  the  mass  of  jiioneers  wdio  0]iened  up  the 
great  West  to  civilization   and  wealth. 

From  Mr.  Baldwin's  carefidly  ke]it  acciuints, 
we  are  eiuibled  to  learn  something  of  the  prices 
current  at  the  outset  of  civilization  here: 

In  April,  ISIS,  liis  charges  for  transportation  of 
freight  from  Miami  to  Cleveland,  contained  the  fol- 
lowing: Wood,  per  cord,  $'_'.U0  ;  Fish,  per  bbl.,  75 
cents;"  Pickets,  per  100,  $ll'..'iO.  Between  Miami  and 
Detroit— Passengers,  with  baggagi'  erjual  to  three 
barrels  hulk,  iJ.oO  ;  Salt  Pork  and  Fish,  ]ier  bbl.,  "lO 
cents;  Corn,  per  bushel,  10  cents;  Shingles,  i)er  M, 
.')()  cents;  Furs,  per  jiack,  75  cents.  From  Put-in 
Bay  to  Detroit— Cargo  of  Lumber,  «:!(I.OO. 

Of  articles  of  trade,  the  jirices  of  the  following  are 
given:  Ploughs,  $15.(10;  Flour,  i>er  100  lbs.,  .i;4.00  ; 
Potatoes,  per  bushel,  (i2Jc.;  Bacon,  ])er  lb.,  L'Oc; 
Butter,  .nic;  Beef  Steak'^  lOc;  Pork,  ls}c.:  Bread, 
12*c.;  Shoes,  $2..50 ;  Castor  Hats,  ^7.00;  Tin-pans, 
2oc.;  Xails,  per  lb.,  2oc.;  Salt,  per   bbl.,  SS.OO  ;    Fish, 


660 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


per  bbl.,  $10.00;  Kosin,  per  lb.,  25o.;  Tar,  per  gallon, 
$IM):  WliLsky,  per  quart,  50c.;  Chickens,  each, 
2.JC.;  Tin  plates,  ."IJc.;  Pine  boards,  per  100  feet, 
$3.00;  BuflTalo  robes,  $6.00;  Tobacco,  per  lb.,  50c.; 
Cider,  per  bbl.,  $8.50;  Apples,  per  bbl.  (October, 
181S),  $1..50. 

The  rates  for  labor  are  indicated  by  Mr.  Baldwin's 
charge  of  $3.00  for  footing  a  pair  of  boots;  and  those 
of  Mrs.  Baldwin— for  making  woolen  pantaloons, 
$1.50;  for  linen  do.,  .50  cents;  and  for  njaking  fine 
shirts,  $1,00  each.  Ordinary  laborers  were  paid 
$25.00  per  month  and  board.     Sailors  got  the  same. 

Mr.  Marquis  Baldwio  funii.shes  the  following 
as  amoni;  the  residents  of  this  section  when  his 
father's  famih^  went  to  Orleans,  in  1818,  to  wit : 

At  Manmee— John  E.  Hunt  and  Robert  A.  For- 
syth, merchants;  .Jonathan  Gibb.s,  James  Carlin,  Dr. 
Horatio  Uonant.  and  a  Frenchman,  named  Pelkee. 

At  Miami — Daniel  Hubbell  and  Wm.  Herrick. 

At  Perrysburg — John  and  Frank  Hollister,  mer- 
chants; Coleman  I.  Keeler,  Sen.,  John  Webb,  David 
]M.  Hawley  and  Wm.  Wilson. 

At  Orleans — Wm.  Ewing,  James  McElrath,  Jacob 
Wilkison   (Tavern-keeper),  Samuel  Spafford,  Seneca 

Allen,    Martindale,   James   Murray,    Aurora 

Spafford,  Gen.  Vance.  Samuel  Wilkison,  Amos  Pratt, 
James  Wilki.son,  David  Wilkison, Broughton. 

Up  the  River.  East  side,  four  or  five  miles — Guy 
Nearing,  Isaac  Richardson  (murdered)*. 

Up  the  River,  West  side — David  Hull,  Isaac  Hull, 
Joseph  Hull. 

Still  further  up— The   Prays,  Francis  Manor,   and 

Gunn.    Others  may  have  been  tliere,  who  are 

not  remembered. 

Mr.  Marquis  Baldwin  also  furnishes  the  fol- 
lowing statement  of  what  was  found  at  Port 
Lawrence,  when  his  father's  family  arrived 
there  in  1823: 

At  the  foot  of  Monroe  Street.  North  side,  the  log- 
warehou.se  belonging  to  the  Cincinnati  Corapanj-, 
with  a  frame  addition  thereto.  The  back  part  of 
this  building  becauje  the  residence  of  the  Baldwin 
family  for  some  10  years.  On  the  South  side  and  at 
the  foot  of  the  .same  Street,  stood  the  Warehouse  of 
D.  C.  Henderson,  also  built  in  1817— a  frame  struc- 
ture, much  dilapidated,  and  in  1823  unoccupied.  A 
small  frame  house  stood  on  Perry  Street,  just  back 
of  the  Alley,  between  Summit  and  St.  Clair,  and 
owned  and  occupied  by  Jo.seph  Prentice,  the  father 
of  Frederick  Prentice.  A  log-hou.se  stood  near  the 
l)resent  site  of  the  Police  Station— owned  and  oc- 
cupied by  Joseph  Trombley.  A  hewed  log-house,  on 
the  North  side  of  Snniniit  Street,  near  Jefienson, 
owned  and  occupied  by  Wm.  Wil.son.  Remains  of 
Fort  Indu.stry  were  yet  on  Summit  Street,  from  near 
Jeflerson,  two-third.s"  the  di.'tance  to  Monroe  Street, 
and  to  the  bluti  in  the  direction  of  the  River.  Pickets 
of  the  fortification  were  yet  standing. 

Down  the  River,  and  on  what  is  now  Stickney  Ave- 
nue, stood  the  brick  dwelling  of  Major  B.  F.  Stickney 

*  Mr.  Richardson  was  killed  July  22,  1830,  a  few 
miles  above  Perrysburg,  by  Geo.  Porter.  It  seems 
that  Richard.son,  keeper  of  a  hotel  at  the  Maumee 
Kapids.  was  sitting  in  the  piazza  of  his  house,  con- 
versing with  a  guest,  when  he  was  shot  in  the  head 
from  a  corner  of  the  house,  and  expired  without  a 
groan  His  guest  received  in  his  breast  a  portion  of 
the  charge  of  shot.  The  murderer.  Porter,  was  taken 
the  ne.\t  day,  when  he  confessed  the  act,  expressing 
liis  gratification  thereat.  He  bore  a  bad  character, 
and  had  for  some  years  been  on  unfriendly  terms 
with  Mr.  Richardson.  Porter  was  tried  for  the  crime, 
convicted  and  hung. 


— the  only  residence  then  on  wliat  became  the  Vis- 
tula plat.  Back  from  the  River,  and  now  on  CoUing- 
wood  Avenue,  was  Noah  A.  Whitney's  house.  Next, 
the  log  house  of  Major  Coleman  I.  Keeler,  Sen.,  near 
the  rear  end  of  the  lot  now  owned  by  J.  W.  May's 
heirs.  Eli  Hubbard's  hou.se  stood  out  Lagrange 
Street,  on  the  North  side  of  Ten-Mile  Creek,  Thomas 
Bishop  lived  nearly  opposite  Mr.  Hubbard.  Win. 
Sibley  lived  near  the  present  residence  of  Peter  C. 
Lewis,  now  Washington  Townshij) ;  and  next  West, 
was  Andrew  Jacobs,  on  the  Prairie  Hoad.  Then 
John  Walworth,  where  J.  C.  Harris  lived  ;  and  one 
other  house,  occupied  by  a  Mr.  Owens,  on  the  Smith 
farm  on  Half-way  Creek. 

A  little  below  the  Manhattan  Mill,  Francis  Love- 
way  ;  and  near  the  mouth  of  the  Maumee  River,  Leo 
Guire. 

About  where  Ironville  now  stands,  lived  the  five 
brothers — Jacob,  Peter,  Francis,  Alexis  and  Antoine 
Navarre. 

Such  constituted  the  pojiulation  between 
Maumee  and  the  Bay  Settloment  (now  Vienna), 
in  1823.  The  same  year  C3rus  Fisher  and 
John  Baldwin  brought  a  small  stock  of  l^r}^ 
Goods  to  Port  Lawrence,  being  the  first  store 
opened  within  the  present  limits  of  Toledo. 
l)uriiig  that  j'ear,  John  Baldwin  owned  the 
Schooner  Verniilion,  and  sailed  her  between 
Port  Lawrence  and  Buffalo. 

Li  1827,  '28  and  '29,  John  Baldwin  k  Co. 
sold  Dry  Goods  in  the  building  at  the  foot  of 
Monroe  Street. 

About  1828  Alvin  Evans  was  on  what  is  now 
the  Ed.  Upton  farm,  Washington  Township. 

The  .same  year  (as  recollected),  Capt.  J)avid 
Wilkison  built  the  Schooner  Eagle,  on  Swan 
Creek,  and  at  the  foot  of  AVashington  Street, 
Port  Lawrence.  la  1832-33  the  Steamboat 
Detroit  was  built  at  the  same  place,  by  the 
Detroit  Navigation  Conijianj' ;  Tibbals  and 
Marquis  Baldwin  doing  the  iron-work,  and 
John  Baldwin  sailing  her  as  Master  in  1834. 
In  1831  Sanford  L.  Collins  came  here  as  clerk 
in  a  new  Dry  Goods  and  Grocery  Store,  for 
which  was  fitted  up  the  AVilson  Block-house, 
on  Fort  Industry  Grounds. 

In  the  Spring  of  1810,  Jacob  Woodrufflcft 
Griersburgh  (now-  Darlinuton),  Pennsylvania, 
for  Ohio,  accompanied  bj'  his  wife  and  si.<c 
children,  of  whom  Nancy  ( IG  j'cars  of  age),  was 
the  eldest.  He  stopjKnl  first  in  what  is  now 
Summit  County  ;  the  next  year  went  to  Cleve 
land,  and  to  the  mouth  of  Black  River  (then  in 
Huron,  now  in  Lorain  County),  where  he  put 
up  a  cabin.  Cleveland  then  was  in  its  begin- 
ning, with  one  store,  that  of  Nathan  Perry, 
and  a  small  tavern.  At  Black  River,  John  S. 
Eeed  had  a  small  frsiding  post,  beside  whom 
was  Jonathan  Seelcv — tlie  three  families  con- 
stituting the  entire  white  po]iulation  of  that 
locality,  with  a  plenty  of  Indians,  whose  be- 
havior dejicnded  u])on  the  quantity  of  whisky 
olitained  at  the  ti-ading-]iost.  In  the  Summer 
of  1811,  Mr.  Woodruff  went  to  the  mouth  of 
Verniillion  Iliver,  where  was  the  single  family 
of  a  Mr.  Sturgeon,  who  kept  a  ferry.  In  the 
Fall  of  1811,  Nancy   Woodruff  accompanied  a 


EVEXTS  AND  PEIiSO.S'S. 


CGl 


family  named  Young,  wlio  were  rcmovinji  from 
(Mcvcland  to  Cold  ("reck  (now  Castalia,  Eric 
County),  the  jiassayc  iioini^  made  in  tin'  Sloo|) 
'■  Sallio,"  Capt.  Ahijaii  15ai<cr,  .stoiipiny;  w  iioro 
Venice  was  located  8onie  years  tlicreaflei' — 
Sandusky  then  lieinji;  called  the  "  Ogoiitz 
Place,"  the  Tovvn  j)lat  not  bcinr;  made  for  some 
six  years  thereafter.  At  Cold  Creek,  then, 
were  Major  Frederick  Fallej-,  and  Mi'.  Snow 
(who  was  subsequent!}'  killed  by  the  Indians, 
anil  whose  daughter  Eletta  was  taken  caiitive 
at  the  same  time).  ]n  December,  181 1,  Miss 
Woiidrutt'  was  married  with  Captain  Abijah 
Baker,  the  Captain  of  the  "  Sallie."  The  same 
Winter  the  young  cou])le  moved  to  Huron 
River,  as  also  did  the  AVoodruff  family,  when 
they  put  up  log-houses  on  the  Kiver  below  tiie 
Alibdtt  place  (afterwards  the  Couiitv- seat  <if 
llurcin  County).  In  June,  1812  (Wai'  with 
England,  meantime,  having  been  declared). 
Captain  Baker  set  sail  from  the  Huron  lliver 
for  the  foot  of  the  Maumee  Rapids,  where  ho 
expected  a  load  of  General  Hull's  Army  bag- 
gage for  Detroit,  his  wile  accompanying  him. 
As  they  entered  the  Maumee,  its  banks  seemed 
alive  with  noisy  Indians.  Darkness  overtook 
them  when  near  the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek, 
where  they  anchored  for  the  night.  With  them 
was  John  Laylin  (of  Norwalk,  Ohio).  The}' 
landed  and  examined  l^^ort  Industrj-  on  the 
blufl'near  the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek.  A  small 
Scliooner  met  them  on  its  way  from  the  foot  of 
the  lia]iids  with  the  Army  baggage  which 
Captain  Baker  was  expecting  for  hi.s  Vessel. 
His  disappointment  was  relieved,  however, 
when  he  subse(juently  learned  that  the  loaded 
Schooner  was  captured  by  tlie  British.  On  the 
vessel  Mas  Dr.  Reynolds,  a  Surgeon  of  General 
Hull's  army,  who  afterwards  was  killed  at 
Detroit.  Captain  Baker  continued  his  way  up 
the  Maumee  to  the  foot  of  the  Rapids,  wliere  he 
obtained  a  cargo  of  flour  (probabi}-  belonging 
to  an  Army  contractor),  for  Erie,  whence  the 
voyage  was  made,  when  they  returned  to  the 
Huron  River,  in  time  to  participate  in  the  his- 
torical flight  of  the  settlers  of  that  section  to 
the  South,  u])oa  hearing  of  Hull's  surrender 
and  the  probable  approach  of  the  British  and 
Indians.  The  AVoodruffs  stopped  at  Mt.  Xqv- 
non,  but  Captain  Baker  and  wife,  on  two  horses, 
returned  to  Pennsylvariin,  he  enli.sting  in  the 
Army  and  dyingat  AVilliamsport,  that  State,  in 
1813.  Mrs.  Baker  soon  returned  to  Ohio  witli 
an  infant  son,  whose  name  wys  Abijah  Wood- 
ruff Baker,  and  who  in  after  years  came  to  be 
extensively  known  as  a  jii'inter  and  ])ublisher, 
having  started  many  newspajiers  in  Ohio  and 
elsewhere.  He  lost  his  life  in  the  War  with 
Mexico.  In  1818  Mrs.  Baker  was  married 
with  T.  K.  Rudulph,  in  Knox  County,  and  soon 
was  again  a  widow,  with  another  son  and  a 
daughter.  In  1831  she  again  married,  Thomas 
Morrell  being  her  third  husband,  who  died  in 
1848,  when  Mrs.  Morrell  came  to  Wood  Count\-, 


lo  make  her  home  with  her  son,  J.  It.  lludulpii, 
and  daughter,  Mrs.  (icorge  Williams.  She  died 
at  Bowling  (ireen,  F)ecember  7,  1878. 

In  a  leller  to  the  Blade,  August  2(1,  18r)n. 
Major  B.  F.  Stickne}-  says  lie  left  Washington, 
D.  C,  JIarch  8,  1812,  under  ai)pointment  as 
I  ndian  Agent  at  Fort  Wayne,  I  ndiana  Territory. 
Going  W'estward  to  Pittsburgh,  he  descended 
the  Ohio  to  Cincinnati  in  arks,  arriving  there 
April  1st,  tliat  place  then  being  "  a  good  S'zcd 
VMIage,"  the  Post  OllicereceivingSliOOperyear. 
Thence,  he  passed  the])resent  localities  of  Uay- 
ton,  Troy  and  Pi(|ua,  a  few  families  being  at 
each,  with  a  log  tavern  at  the  former,  'flic 
Western  line  of  Ohio  then  had  not  been  fixed, 
and  Fort  Wayne  was  supposed  to  be  in  lliis 
State;  Lake  Michigan  was  sui)])osed  to  extend 
20  miles  farther  No.-th  than  it  does.  Maj.  Stiek- 
ney  reached  Ft.  Wayne  April  11,  18'l2.  He 
seems  to  have  had  some  peculiar  view.s  as  lo 
the  policy  best  in  the  management  of  the  In- 
dians. He  thought  Gen.  Harrison,  as  Governor 
of  Indiana  Territory,  in  that  regard  relied  too 
much  on  military  force,  and  not  enougii  on 
.strategy,  and  attributed  the  superior  influence 
of  the  British  in  that  respect  to  the  fact  tliat 
they  employed  intrigue  and  bribery  of  Chiefs. 
Again,  American  Soldiers  were  constantly 
urging' measures  lor  ridding  the  coiinii'v  of  the 
Indians,  to  whicii  j)oli(y  the  Government 
yielded.  Major  Stickney's  ]ilan,  as  suggested 
in  this  loiter,  would  have  been — when  it  was 
decided  that  a  certain  tribe  must  be  removed — 
to  call  them  together  (say  for  a  space  of  500 
miles  square),  furnish  them  with  plenty  of 
good  meat  and  bread,  a  little  tobacco  and  .some 
whisk}-,  and  hold  them  for  six  weeks,  when 
disease  would  probably  ensue,  resulting  in  the 
death  of  20  ])er  cent.,  with  a  continued  decrease 
of  15  to  20  ]icr  cent,  per  annum  ;  while  those 
remaining  would  be  so  enervated  as  not  to  be 
dangerous.  '-In  tins  mode,"  said  Major  Stick- 
ney,  "  all  the  lives  of  the  troops  would  besavi'd, 
and  at  least  three-fourths  of  the  cash,  and  the 
Indians  well  satisfied  with  that  mode  of  ihting 
business."  lie  says  he  communicated  to  the 
Government  this  plan  for  the  treatment  of  the 
liulians,  before  his  ap|)ointTnent  as  Agent.  In 
his  letter  to  the  Blade,  he  recognized  the ''ques- 
tion of  morality  "  wliich  his  scheme  might 
raise,  but  thought  it  no  worse  to  dispose  of 
Indians  in  that  way  than  in  battle.  It  is  a  re- 
lief to  know,  that  among  the  forms  of  manage- 
ment of  that  race,  that  of  insidious  ])oison  thus 
])ro|)osed,  never  has  been  ti'ied.  Nor  d(jes  such 
device  seem  to  have  been  entertained  by  the 
Government. 

James  Thomas  was  one  of  the  young  atlven- 
tnrers  who  came  to  this  ('ounty  as  early  as  1817. 
He  was  born  in  Bi'ighton,  Monroe  County, 
New  York,  in  17118,  and  reached  Maumee  A|)ril 
10,  1817,  having  made  the  trip  on  foot  after  15 
days  of  hard  travel.  Thei'e  wa.-s  at  tiiat  time 
no  improved  road  between    BuHalo    and    the 


(502 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Maumeo  River,  nor  a  road  of  any  sort  for  much 
of  tliat  (listaiKC.  Cleveland  was  then  a  vcjy 
Ninall  Vilhiije;  there  was  a  tavern  at  Eiyria;  a 
small  solllciiieiit  at  Florence  Corners,  ilui-on 
County  ;  a  few  houses  at  the  County-scat,  be- 
low Milan  ;  a  few  settlers  at  Lower  Sandusky  ; 
one  house  i)etween  that  jilace  and  the  Manmee 
Hivei',  eoiisistini;;  of  a  log  shanty  on  "  Car- 
r_yin'  "  (Portage)  Kiver,  which  furnished  shelter 
for  a  Frenchman  on  his  tiM2^s  as  mail-carrier 
on  foot,  guided  by  blazed  trees.  Mr.  Thomas 
remained  hero  for  three  years,  when  he  lelt. 
In  \H24,  he  ])urchased  a  farm  in  Hartland.  llu- 
i-on  County,  which  continued  to  be  his  home 
for  nearly  tit)  3-ears,  he  dying  in  JanuarVj  1S8(J, 
in  the  SSth  year  of  his  age. 

The  opening  of  the  Wabash  and  Ei'ie  Canal 
was  celebrated  at  Fort  Waj'ne,  July  4,  184M, 
with  much  demonstration  and  enthusiasm. 
Cencral  Lewis  Cass  was  orator  of  the  day  and 
delivered  an  address  of  special  interest  and 
value,  both  in  the  thoughts  jiresented  and  the 
historical  and  other  facts  furnished.  Of  the 
Mauniee  Valley  and  its  aboriginal  inhabitants, 
he  said  : 

The  line  of  your  Canal  was  a  bloody  war-path, 
whicli  has  seen  many  a  deed  of  horror.  And  this 
jicaceful  Town  (I't.  \V.iyne)  lias  had  its  Molueli,  an<l 
llie  records  of  luinian  deiiravity  furnish  no  more  ter- 
ril)le  examples  of  cruelty,  than  were  offered  at  his 
slirine.  The  Miami  fndians,  our  predecessors  in  the 
occupation  of  this  distiict,  had  a  fertile  institution, 
whose  origin  and  object  have  been  lost  in  the  dark- 
ness of  aboriginal  history,  but  which  was  continued 
to  a  late  peiiod,  and  whose  orgies  were  held  upon  the 
very  spot  where  we  now  are.  ]t  was  called  the 
"  Man-Kating  Society."  and  it  was  the  duly  of  all  as 
sociates  to  eat  such  prisoners  as  were  preserved  and 
delivered  to  them  for  that  purpose.  The  members 
of  tliis  society  lielonged  to  a  particular  family,  and 
the  dreadful  inheritance  descended  to  all  children, 
nude  and  female.  Tlie  duties  it  imposed  could  not  be 
avoided  ;  and  the  sanctions  of  religion  were  added  to 
the  obligations  of  iunnemoriul  usage.  The  feast  was 
a  solemn  ceremony,  at  which  the  whole  tribe  were 
collected  as  actors  or  spectators.  The  miserable  vic- 
liui  was  bound  to  a  stake,  and  burned  at  a  slow  tire 
with  all  the  relinemeut  of  cruelty  which  .savage  in- 
genuity could  invent.  Here  was  a  traditionary  ritual, 
which  regulated  willi  revolting  precision  the  whole 
course  of  jirocedure  at  these  ceiemonies.  Latterly, 
the  authority  and  obligation  of  the  institution  had 
declined,  and  I  presume  it  has  now  wholly  disap- 
peared. But  1  have  seen  and  conversed  with  the 
head  of  the  f:uuily,  the  chief  of  the  Society,  whose 
name  was  White  Skin,  with  whid  feelings  of'  disgust, 
f  need  not  attemjit  to  describe.  1  well  knew  an  in- 
telligent Canadian,  who  was  present  at  one  of  the  last 
sacritices  made  to  this  horrible  institution.  Tlie  vic- 
tim was  a  young  American,  captured  in  ICeutucky, 
toward  the  clo.se  of  the  Kevohitionary  War.  Here 
wliere  we  are  now  a.sscndjled,  in  ])eace  and  security, 
celebrating  the  triumph  of  arfand  inilustry,  within 
the  memory  of  the  jiresent  generation,  our  country- 
men have  been  thus  tortured,  murdered  and  de- 
voured. But  thank  God,  that  council-tire  is  extin- 
guished—the  impious  feast  is  over— the  war  dance  is 
ended— the  war  song  is  sung— the  war  drum  is  silent 
—the  Indian  has  ileparted,  to  lind,  I  hope,  in  the 
silent  West  a  more  comfortable  residence  ;  and  to 
tiud  also,  I  hope,  under  the  protection,  and  if  need 


be,  under  the  power  of  the  United  States,  a  radical 
change  in  institutions,  and  a  general  improvement  in 
bis  morals  and  condition.  A  feeble  remnant  of  the 
once  powerful  tribe  which  formerly  won  their  way  to 
the  donnuion  of  this  region  by  blood,  and  by  blood 
maintained  it.  have  to-day  appeared  among  the  pass- 
ing shadows  flitting  around  the  places  that  now  know 
them  no  more.  *  *  To-day  the  last  of  the  race  is 
here.  To-morrow  they  will  commence  their  journey 
towiird  the  setting  sun,  where  their  fathers. agreeable 
to  their  rude  I'aitli,  have  preceded  them,  and  where 
the  I^ed  Afan  will  lind  rest  and  safety. 

In  coming  to  this  place,  I  passed  along  the  Canal, 
and  marked  with  delight  the  beautiful  Kiver  on 
wbo.se  banks  it  has  been  constructed,  and  the  charm- 
ing country  to  which  it  gives  new  life  and  value.  I 
was  forcibly  .struck  with  the  contrast  between  this 
Jounu'y  and  a  former  one.  Xature  has  been  prodigal 
of  her  favors  to  the  Valley  of  the  Maumee.  I  can 
never  foiget  the  first  time  it  met  my  eyes.  It  was  at 
the  commencement  of  the  late  War  (ISlli),  when  the 
tnjops  destined  for  the  defense  of  Detroit,  hail  passed 
through  the  forestsfrom  Urbami  to  the  Ka|)ids  of  the 
iMuumee.  The  season  had  been  wet,  and  nuioh  of 
the  country  was  hjw.  and  the  whole  of  it  unbroken 
by  a  single  .settlement.  We  had  to  cut  our  way  and 
transjiort  our  provisions  and  baggage  with  great  labor 
and  ditiicnity.  We  were  heartily  tired  of  the  march, 
and  were  longing  for  its  termination,  when  we  at- 
tained the  brow  of  the  table-lauds  through,  which  the 
JNIaumee  had  made  a  passage  for  itself,  and  a  fertile 
region  for  tho.se  who  have  the  good  fortune  to  occupy 
it.  Like  the  nuiriner,  we  felt  we  had  reached  a  port 
— like  the  wanderer,  a  home.  In  a  subsequent  jour- 
ney, led  by  official  duty,  I  ascended  the  Kiver,  in  a 
birch  canoe.  Tliere  is  something  romantic  associated 
with  that  mode  of  conveyance,  but  it  soon  jialls  upon 
the  traveler.  During  many  a  weary  mile  and  hour. 
J  have  been  borne  by  this  aboriginal  skirt'  over  the 
Lakes  and  Kivers  of  the  Northwest,  and  seen  it  car- 
ried through  the  dense  forests,  acro.ss  wild  portages, 
and  then  tloated  upon  some  little  stream,  which, 
gradually  swelled  by  successive  tributaries,  became  a 
large  Kiver.  It  was  thus  I  passed  from  Lake  Superior 
to  the  Mississippi,  launching  my  frail  baniue  upon  a 
nuTe  rivulet,  and  descendmg  before  the  jjeculiar 
characteristics  of  the  stream  announced  that  we  were 
u|)on  tluit  mighty  Kiver,  which  flows  from  its  foun- 
tains in  the  North  to  the  tropical  .seas.    *    * 

Here,  where  your  Canal  prepares  to  leave  the 
basin  of  the  Lakes  for  that  of  the  Missi.ssip|ii,  I  left 
the  Kiver  with  my  Ijirch  canoe,  and  i)lacing  it  upon 
a  wagon,  it  was  transported  to  Little  Kiver,  where  my 
faithful  voyageurs  re-embarked  in  it,  and  joined  me 
at  the  White  Kaccoon's  Village,  to  which  I  rode  and 
where  I  |iassed  the  night.  My  friend,  the  Kaccoon, 
treated  me  with  great  hospitality,  but  he  was  a  little 
too  hospital  to  himself  and  his  kindred.  He  produced 
his  keg  of  "lire-water,"  to  do  honor  to  the  arrival  of 
the  "  C  hee-mo-kee-main,"  but  unfortunately  lie  was 
too  free  at  bis  own  feast.  One  of  those  scenes  of  in- 
toxication followed,  which  are  the  bane  and  the  at- 
tendant of  Indian  life,  and  I  retired  to  my  blanket, 
leaving  my  host  and  his  friends  at  their  orgies.  In 
the  morning  I  embarked  on  the  Wabash  and  de- 
scended that  Kiver  to  its  mouth,  stopping  occasion- 
ally to  examine  and  admire  the  beautiful  country 
through  which  it  tiows,  unsurpassed,  jirobably,  upon 
the  face  of  the  globe. 

I  revert  to  these  incidents  of  frontier  life,  to  place 
in  bolder  relief  the  change  which  has  rescneil  this 
region  from  the  Indian,  and  has  crowned  it  with  the 
precious  work  of  civilization. 

Mrs.  Fanny  L.  Allen  died  in  Cleveland, 
December  11, 1875,  aged  82  years  and  9  months. 
She  was  a  daughter  of  Moses  Brigham,    and 


EVENTS  AND  PERSONS.  f,C3 


born  in  ITanovcr,  Massacluisotts.  On  invita-  lliat  of  anotlior  buyer  at  tlic  same  prico,  and 
licin  of  tlic  tclobratod  Mohawk  Cliii'f  IJrandt,  .sMb.so(|ueiitly  (iy:!2J  70  acres  or  tlio  tract  was 
wlio  was  educated  at  Dartnioiilli  College,  Mr.  purciiascd  by  tlio  into  JeSsiip  W.  Scott  at  SlL' 
Hrigliani  removed  to  J)elaware,  Canada,  where  ])er  acre.  The  tract  included  flio  ]ire.sent 
lie  engaged  in  trade.  Ahoul  ISll  the  daugh-  Central  School  building.  In  February,  1S2:!, 
ter  was  married  with  Seneca  Allen,  a  (^ivil  Seneca  Allen,  then  of  Fort  Meigs,  anil  llenian 
Kngineer,  and  they  soon  removed  to  Detroit,  Alfred,  of  Vermillion,  Huron  (.'otinty,  left  ih.- 
wherethey  livedatthe  time  of  Hull's  suri-ender  month  of  Caiiying  (Portage)  liiver  lor  Oetroit 
in  ISKJ.  Thcj-  had  12  children,  of  whom  seven  by  ciillir,  on  the  ice.  Afl<r  tiaveling  some 
survived  the  mother— (ieoi'go  Allen,  of  Alichi-  miles  they  struck  thin  ice,  and  were  immersed. 
gan;  Hiram,  of  ('alilbrnia;  Mrs.  Hamilton  Mr.  Allred  died  aTid  Mr.  Allen  csca])ed  witli 
Colton,  of  Milan,  Ohio;  Mrs.  .1.  W.  Keith  and  his  life.  The  hor.se  was  lost.  M  r.  A  Men,  in  lh<> 
Mis.  Ceo.  I!.  Truax,  of  Detroit;  ^Mrs.  (leo.  11.  Winter  of  lSL'Ur),langht  the  first  School  opened 
Standart  and  Mr.s.  J.  H.  IJlinn,  of  Cleveland.  within  the  jircscnt  limits  of  Toledo,  for  the  sum 
Mrs.  Allen  was  the  elder  sister  of  _M  rs.  (Jai-los  ofSldpcr  month  (hoarding  himself),  continu- 
t'olton,  of  Toledo.  Mr.  and  J\I  rs.  Allen  were  ing  the  same  for  two  winters.  Jn  the  Summer 
among  the  cai'liest  settlers  of  the  ]\laumee  of  1S27,  Mr.  Allen  and  family  i-cnioved  to 
Valley-,  having  come  hei-e  in  lM(i,  72  jears  J\Iom'oe,  Michigan,  going  by' tlio  Alaumec 
aL'O,  and  tirst  settled  si.\  mihvs  above  Maumee  Packet,  and  s|)ending  four  days  in  the  trip. 
c;ily,  at  Kocho  do  Pont,  now  Waterville,  where  On  removing  to  Alonroc,  Mr.  Allen  was  made 
Ml'.  Allen  0})ened  a,  small  trade  with  the  (Jlerk  of  the  Michigan  Territorial  fjegislative 
Indians.  Several  other  families  came  at  the  Council,  holding  that  office  until  his  death  by 
same  time  and  in  the  same  vessel,  among  whom  cholera,  in  1834.  Mrs.  Allen  was  a  woman  of 
were  those  of  .lacol)  Wilkison,  Elijah  Ciinn,  rare  jiersonal  (pialities,  wliich  enabled  bei-  to 
t'harlesCunn  and  Christopher  tiunn.  Minerva,  ]iass  through  the  sevci'e  trials  of  jiioncer  life 
eldvst  daughter  of  Elijah  Cunn,  married  David  with  heroic  firmness  and  earnest  activity,  meet- 
Hull,  brother  of  Isaac  Hidl.  Elijah  (luiin,  ing  all  the  demands  of  a  largo  famil}'  and  of 
Jr.,  married  .lerusha  Jennison,  whose  family  many  needy  neighhoi-s.  Mr.  Allen  was  a  man 
lived  below  I'errysburg.  In  1818  Mr.  Allen  of  high  cliaracter,  and  of  the  strictest  inlegritv. 
i-emoved  down  to  Fort  J\Ieigs  (Orleans  of  the  The  following  memoranda  of  earl^'  limes, 
>«'orth),  where  then  were  half  a  <lozen  faniilii's.  wert'  sujiplied  by  ilrs.  Allen  not  long  before 
including    those    of   Amos   Spartbrd,    Aurora  lier  death : 

Sjiaflord,    Samuel    Vance,    Thomas   McUrath,  ,,,,       ,.     .  ■     .n           ,           .•        .,.,., 

W        ^,  '          r,            II?-                IT             IT    II  W  hen  (  aptani  .\llen  mill  a  iMirluiii  (il    lis  faiMi  V, 


Ml-.    Plum,    Samuel    Ewing   and    Isaac    Hull 


visited  tlie  \'alley  in  Octolier,    1,S31,  tliey  fnuiid  the 


(father  of  David  and  Isaac),  and  brother  of  iiriiuipal  Ottawa'lndian  Villaire  located  un  the  Man- 
General  Hull.  In  January,  1824,  Mr.  Allen  liattan  side  of  tlie  fiiver,  near  its  mniith,  uiien- tlie 
ix-moved  to  Port  Lawrence  (Toledo), employing  (iovermmnt  made  its   jiayments  to  tlie  tribe;    and 

pirogues  laslied  to-ether  for  that  purpo.se,  the  "'SV'  l'"»t"f  t;';v"":'f  "^^'^y'f  t''''  opposite  si.le    -  t 

',,■     ^    ,     ■                    "     «i    ji     1    .-        '^1    '  well  remeniber,     saiil  she,  "  the  heaiitilul  road   lead- 

Kiver   being   open.     At   that  time  there   were  ing  from  Vistula  to  this  Indian  Village.     Jt,  was  Nvincl- 

living  at   that  jilacc   the   families    of  John    T.  ing.  and  shaded  by  inaL'iiilicent  trees.     \Vefre(|uenlly 

Baklwin,   Joseph  Prentice,  and   a   Frenchman,  rude  tliitlier  with  llajor  Stickney  in   liis  oiie-horse 

named   Tromliley.     A  mile  below  lived  Major  ^■)-^li'>"-  ii'id  as  we  passed  through  the  Village,  lli.- 

Sticknev,  and    below  him  Wm.  Wilson.     iM'rs.  !•"  L,^'/ :'':",' ^  r!    :\  H  '"",''""'""  '1'"',  ' '■'";'■';''■.' 

,,        .,,-'    ,,   ,.             -i,     1,      T,r    w        ,,   ,,          .  tatlierl     wliieli  wuulcl  please  niiii  ania/.inglv.    What 

Hamilton    Colton,  with   Di:  Walter  (  ollon,  in  j^  now  chielly  the  track  of  Summit   stivel",  foi-iMccI 

the  Summer  of  1S24,  made  the  tri]>  to  Detroit  then   a   most    charming   ride   tliiuugh   a  delightful 

and  back  in  a,  small  Schooner,  Cajit.  Truman  forest.    The  banks  of    the   Uiver  were  hold,   higli 

Peed,  being  three  days  in  going  and  six  in  re-  '"'.V"''^-  ''',"''  ^'";  «™-^''>''  li'"^'  '■''"'"■•^  '""l   'f'-i''*''  "f 

J         -              \t           n    u           *i           it-   41     ^      i>       -1  Wild  turkeys  olten  crossed  our  i)atn  as  we  were  nd- 

turning.      Mrs.     Colton     thought  that     Dame  i„.  and  diiappearcl  in  the  woods.     I  had  two  fawns 

Murray  came  to  Port  Lawrence   m   1824,  and  i,,,-  „iy  esiieeial   playmates-each   liaving  a  l.ell  at- 

biiilt  a  house  oil  the  Monroe  road,  halt  a  mile  taclu-d  to  its   neck,    and  were  daily   rompaiiions  in 

from  the  month   of  Swan    Creek.     Mr.   Fisher  my  iambics  tliroiigh  the  wooils.     The  .stn-ets  of  \'is- 

came  in   1825,  and  his   son    and  Mr.   Baldwin  t"la  hear  the  names  oHginally  given  thcm-myself 

1  ,1      i.     ,    1               ]      ,         -,1,1        I-,  naming  l-atrrange.  Ill  nicmorv  ol  the  home.  Ill  1-iaiicc, 

opened  the  first  dry  goods  store  m  that  locahty.  „,■  |,afavetlc.     iVfajor  Slick.ieV  gave  Summit  Street  ils 

Mr.    iJartlett    (brother-in-law    of     Mr.     1- isher)  luime  ;   and  Captain  Allen  suggested  the  names  of  all 

the  same  }t'ar  came   and  bought  Mr.  Murray's  the  others.     The   Indians  were  uniformly  kind  and 

|ilace,  that  gentleman  then  moving  West.     Mr.  hospitable.     Their  title  was  extinguished  by  treatv 

Allen,  in  t he  Siu-iiig  of  1 824,  purchased  of  Joliii  "'•'.^''.' -'"  H'^"  l'="-t. -^f, .",'i'  l'""!^-'>  ^,';''i'-:„V-V  '','»' '^"V."-''- 

I   ,;'n-          I      ,1    -.            ,.    I,'          1                ,  c...  ,„,  tonal  <  loveruor  ol   Michigan,  iii  Is,],",.     'Ihe  (  aiiadian 

and  W  illiam  Ilollisler,  of    Perrysbnrg,  at  !?...(»»  i,-,,.,„.,,  „,,,„,  .,,,„,  ,.,„„-tcons  and  obliging,  and  manv 

]ier  acre,  100  acres  of  land,  now  in  the  heart  of  ,,i  their  suggestions  leganling  the  disea.ses  then  pecil- 

'Toledo,  and  erected  a  log  cabin  near  the  Whit-  liar  to  the  country,  and  means  to  avoid  them,  were 

aker    residence,  comer  of  Monroe  and  Tenth  ascertained   to  be   valuable.     Venison,    wild    geese, 

Streets,    in  wdiich  job  ke  was    assisted   by   the  turkep  .lucks,  etc    were  abundant.     In  the  Summer 

1    ,      ,,     ,        /I   1.      "^     TT      11      i              1    1  -  """   Autumn  ot   Ks.i.i,  the  feeble  culoiiv,  as  well  as 

late  Carlos  (oltoii.      Unable  to  meet  his  pay-  ,iie  French  and  Indian.s,  sullered   much  from  sick- 

mcnts,  this  purchase  was  reliinjuislicd,  as  was  ness.     The  liist  wcei.ing  willow  transplaiitcil  on  this 


(itj4 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


soil,  was  bron<xlit  from  Columbus  by  m}-self,  and  the 
slip  had  been  usimI  on  the  route  as  a  riding  whip." 
The  willow  tree  referred  to  by  Mrs.  Allen,  whieli 
sprauf;  from  the  braiieli  i>hu'ed  in  the  groun<l  by  her 
own  hands  in  \x:V2,  attained  a  large  growth,  and, 
having  lived  40  years,  was  destroyed  by  a  storm,  in 
1.S72,  the  same  year  that  her  own  death  occurred.  It 
oi-cn'pied  a  corner  of  J^agrange  and  Superior  Streets. 
The  remains  of  tJaptain  Allen  and  wife  now  rest  in 
Forest  Cemetery. 

Two  I'psidenls  of  Erie  Township,  .Monroe 
County,  Miehigiin,  have  been  more  or  less 
(amiliar  with  the  history  of  Toledo  and  vicin- 
ity from  the  earliest  settlement  here.  Eefer- 
ence  is  made  to  Mrs.  Sarah  Rowe,  widow  of 
llie  lateJolin  P.  Kowe,  and  to  Mr.  Samuel 
Mulholland,  her  brother,  both  children  of 
Daniel  Miilhollaiid.  The  first  named  was  born 
in  1807,  the  second  in  1811,  and  both  at  Mon- 
roe, Michiifan.  The  family  removed  to  Erii' 
Township  in  1828,  when  the  father  entered  IGO 
acres  of  land  in  Section  17,  Town  S,  Range  8. 
'J'he  same  year  he  built  a  frame  house  lor  his 
residence,  that  being  the  only  structure  of  the 
sort  then  between  Monroe  and  the  present 
limits  of  Toledo.  The  house  was  located  on 
what  was  known  as  the  United  States  Turn- 
]iike,  about  half  a  mile  South  of  the  present 
Village  of  Vienna.  The  son  Samuel  had  ])er- 
sonareharge  of  the  clearing  of  the  land,  which 
was  covered  with  heavy  limber.  In  1829,  a 
hotel  was  opened  by  Mr.  Mulholland.  The 
mails  were  then  carried  between  Detroit  and 
Maumec  Cit}',  via  Monroe,  and  ahjng  the 
TurnpiU'o,  being  conveyed  chieflj'  in  orciinary 
wagons.  Dr.  Horatio  Conant,  of  Maumec,  had 
been  carrying  the  mails,  but  was  succeeded  bj- 

John  P.  Converse  and Reese,  who  took 

the  contract  between  Detroit  and  Cleveland. 
The  hotel  was  kept  in  the  name  of  the  father 
until  1837,  when  Samuel  and  a  widowed  sister, 
Mrs.  Mary  Stowcll,  mother  of  Mrs.  Reed  M. 
Brighani,  of  Erie,  jointlv  took  charge  of  the 
establishment,  and  conducted  it  until  1841, 
when  it  was  closed.  About  1835,  Mr.  John  P. 
Rowe  was  married  with  Miss  Sarah  ilulhol- 
laud,  and  became  associated  in  the  hotel  busi- 
ness. The  mail  stage  line  was  continued  on 
the  United  States  Turn]iike  lor  several  j-ears 
alter  Mr.  Mulholland  went  to  Erie.  As  else- 
where stated,  it  passed  Toledo  on  what  is  now 
Detroit  Avenue,  and  about  two  miles  front  the 
mouth  of  Swan  Creek,  so  long  the  center  from 
which  all  tlistances  were  calculated.  Mr.  Mul- 
holland well  remembers  the  arrangement  under 
which  the  tirni  of  W.  J.  Daniels  &  Co.,  for  the 
purpose  of  securinsr  such  divergence  of  the 
stage  route  as  would  include  Toledo,  purchased 
of  Converse  &  Co.  the  section  between  Maumee 
City  and  Monroe,  and  then  ran  the  stages  uw 
Toledo,  the  e.xtra  cost  of  which  was  paid  to 
Daniels  &  Co.  by  the  proprietors  of  Port  Law- 
rence and  Vistula. 

Mr.  Mulholland  and  famil}' resided  in  Monroe 
at  the  time  of  Hull's  surrender,  in  1813,  when 


they  fled  to  Cleveland  and  the  interior  and  did 
not  return  until  three  or  four  j'cars  after  the 
close  of  the  war.  At  tiie  time  the}'  removed  to 
Erie,  there  was  but  one  building  between  them 
and  Tremainesville,  and  that  was  the  log-house 
of  Wm.  Wilkinson,  on  the  site  of  the  present 
residence  of  Mr.  AVilkin.son,  a  grandson  of  that 
gentleman,  about  one-half  mile  Southwest 
tVom  Alexis  Railroad  Station.  Air.  Wilkinson 
entered  land  and  afterwards  puchased  10 
acres  of  John  E.  Hunt  of  Maumee.  About 
that  time  Dr.  Cyrus  Fisher,  Philip  Gardinier 
and  others  settled  about  Ten-Mile  Creek, 
where  is  now  Tremainesville.  The  house  of 
Mr.  iMulholland  became  ])rominent  during  the 
"  Toledo  War,"  from  the  fact  that  it  often  was 
made  the  stopping  place  of  the  Michigan 
officials  and  Military.  On  the  occasions  of  the 
repeated  forays  and  other  visitations  from 
Monroe  to  the  insurrectionary  scene  at  Toledo, 
his  hotel  was  made  a  stopping  place,  going  and 
coming,  where  the  "  situation  "  and  the  plans 
for  the  subjection  of  the  "  Toledo  Rebels,"  as 
they  were  called,  were  freelj-  discussed.  Mr. 
Mulholland  is  still  sensible  to  the  alarming 
seriousness  of  the  state  of  things  which  then 
had  all  the  terror  of  actual  state  of  War.  The 
only  (jueslion  in  the  case,  was,  as  to  the  proba- 
bility of  Ohio  meeting  the  force  which  Michi- 
gan provided  for  vindicating  her  dignity  and 
territorial  rights.  "K  Ohio  will  light,"  was 
the  only  contingency  on  which  "bloody  war" 
was  supposed  to  hang.  Not  least  of  their 
an.xieties  arose  from  the  fact  of  their  mid-way 
location  between  the  headquarters  of  the  two 
jiarties.  Such  was  especially  the  situation  at 
the  time  of  the  holding  of  the  memorable  Court 
of  Common  Pleas  at  Toledo,  in  September, 
1835,  the  prevention  of  which  was  counted  a 
matter  of  prime  concern  by  Governor  Stevens. 
The  force  raised  by  him  for  that  purpose 
(about  1,200  men),  made  a  halt  at  Mulholland's 
when  on  its  way  to  Toledo,  and  ctimped  in  a 
lot  near  the  hotel.  During  the  night  thej'' 
stopped  there  rain  fell  in  torrents,  completely 
soaking  the  wholl}'  unprotectetl  "  rank  and 
tile,"  their  officers,  or  most  of  them,  having 
lound  cover  in  the  hotel  or  barn.  The  next 
da}'  they  moved  towards  Toledo,  and  were 
gone  two  days.  Mr.  Mulholland's  understand- 
ini;  was,  that  Governor  Stevens  arid  other 
officials  were  then  at  their  headquarters  at  the 
hotel  of  Christian  Hertzler,  at  Vienna.  The 
chagrin  of  tlie  Michigan  leaders  u))on  learning 
of  the  successful  hokling  of  the  Court  while 
they  slept,  was  illy  disguised  on  their  re- 
turn from  the  bloodless  expedition  to  Toledo. 
They  then  looked  upon  the  situation  as  very 
serious,  although  not  wholly  desperate.  They 
would  sooner  have  been  defeated  in  a  sqtiare 
fight  than  to  be  circumvented  by  strategy  so 
simple  and  so  effectual.  That  event  virtually 
closed  hostile  demonstrations  on  both  sides, 
which  quietly  awaited  arbitrament  by  peaceful 


EVENTS  AND  PERSONS. 


665 


means  of  tlic  dispute,  whicli,  extending  over 
30  years  of  time,  had  possessed  the  aspect  of 
hostility  by  open  war  for  more  than  half  a 
year.  Mr.  Mulholhmil  says  the  Jlicliigan 
people  were  thoroughly  in  earnest,  fully  con- 
vinced of  the  complete  justice  of  their  case. 
Their  onl}' source  of  doubt  as  to  the  outcome 
of  the  case,  consisted  in  the  fact  that,  with 
nothing  but  the  inchoate  condition  of  a  helj)- 
less  and  impotent  Territorial  Government, 
they  knew  that  they  were  called  to  maintain 
their  rights  against  a  powerful  opjJonent  en- 
joying all  the  political  and  other  advantages  of 
State  Government,  representation  in  Congress 
and  votes  in  the  Electoral  Colleges  to  convene 
for  the  election  of  President  and  Yice  Pesident 
the  following  j-ear.  To  this  source  they  then, 
as  they  have  since,  attributed  largely  their 
weakness  with  the  Government  at  Washington, 
in  whose  hands  they  so  completely  were.  Mr. 
MulhoUaud  has  since  been  much  gratified  at 
the  stead}'  advance  of  better  relations  between 
the  parties  to  that  dispute,  until  save  in  the 
memories  of  participants  in  the  contest  now 
fifty  years  past,  no  such  disturbance  of  neigh- 
borly relations  as  the  "Toledo  War"  is  known. 
Mr.  Samuel  Mulholland  several  years  since 
suffered  the  sad  affliction  of  a  loss  of  eyesight, 
and  no  longer  able  personally  to  manage  his 
farm,  has  now  (1887),  with  a  daughter,  Miss 
Jerusha,  taken  up  his  residence  in  Toledo, 
where  another  daughter  (wife  of  Dr.  O.  S. 
Brigham)  also  resides. 

Mrs.  Rowe's  memory  covered  the  period 
beginning  with  the  close  of  the  War  of  1812-15, 
when  she  was 8  years  of  age;  and  she  speciallj' 
knew  more  or  less  of  Toledo  and  vicinity  after 
1828.  She  spoke  of  a  sleighing-party  from 
Erie,  which  visited  Vistula  in  March,  1832 
(previous  to  its  consolidation  with  Port  Law- 
rence in  Toledo).  There  was  then  no  public 
house  in  Vistula,  and  it  was  necessary  for 
parties  on  such  occasions  to  engage  their  sup- 
pers at  the  Tremainesville  hotel  on  their  way, 
to  be  taken  on  their  return.  They  made  their 
stop  in  Vistula  at  the  house  of  Sam.  Allen, 
who,  though  not  a  hotel-keeper,  yet  entertained 
the  few  strangers  who  needed  accommodations. 
He  lived  in  Major  Stickney's  brick  house. 
There  was  at  that  time  a  small  store  in  Vistula 
(that  of  Lewis  Godard)  ;  also,  a  small  Wind- 
Mill.  Mrs.  Eowe  was  made  familiar  with  the 
stirring  events  of  the  "Toledo  War,"  and,  with 
other  residents  on  the  line  between  the  head- 
quarters of  the  two  parties  (Toledo  and  Mon- 
roe), shared  in  the  intense  alarm  and  anxiety 
which  for  about  six  months  prevailed.  Mr. 
itowe  died  at  his  farm-residence,  near  Vienna, 
Erie  Township,  June  11,  1865,  aged  58  years. 
He  had  long  been  a  successful  farmer  and  a 
leading  citizen  of  Monroe  County.  Mrs.  Rowe 
continued  to  reside  at  the  family  homestead 
with  her  son,  Charles  M.Eowe,  until  her  death, 
June  16,  1887. 

43 


Mr.  A.  J.  Keeney,  for  60  years  also  a  resident 
of  Erie,  Michigan,  well  remembers  that  while 
he  was  yet  a  boy,  a  man  came  into  that  section 
seeking  assistance  from  the  settlers  in  raising  a 
building  in  the  neighborhood  of  Toledo,  and 
explaining  such  appeal  with  the  statement, 
that  the  immediate  neighbors  of  the  owner  of 
the  proposed  building  refused  to  assist  at  the 
raising,  for  the  reason  that  he  would  not 
furnish  liquors  for  the  occasion.  The  result  of 
such  call,  was,  that  while  the  scattered  French 
and  linglish  settlers  on  the  Ba_v  Shore  and 
vicinity  wore  not  especially  averse  to  the  use 
of  intoxicating  drinks,  at  raisings  or  eLsewhere, 
they  so  fully  sympathized  with  the  conscien- 
tious fidelity  to  his  convictions  shown  b^^  the 
pioneer  Teetotaler,  that  they  turned  out  and 
furnished  all  the  help  needed,  and  were  quite 
willing,  for  the  time,  to  accept  "Temperance 
drinks."  Mr.  Keeney  does  not  remember  the 
name  of  the  settler  committing  .so  great  an 
innovation  on  universal  practice.  It  might  or 
might  not  have  been  Deacon  Samuel  I.  Iveeler, 
who  about  that  time  x-aised  his  house  on  the 
same  principles  of  Temperance. 

Cornelius  G.  Shaw  was  among  the  early  set- 
tlers at  Toledo,  coming  here  in"  1832,  the  year 
in  which  the  two  Towns  (Port  liawrence  and 
Vistula)  began  the  bitter  rivalry,  which  was 
soon  measurably  abated  upon  their  corporate 
union  as  Toledo.  He  came  from  Western  New 
York,  having  been  married  with  Miss  Sallie 
Starr  in  Cattaraugus  County,  in  1828.  Three 
years  thereafter,  they  started  for  the  West, 
locating  first  at  Stony  Creek,  near  Monroe, 
Michigan,  whence  in  1832,  they  came  to  Tole- 
do, bringing  their  limited  stock  of  household 
goods  in  a  Row-boat.  Reaching  the  mouth  of 
the  Maumee  River  at  night,  they  camped  upon 
an  Island,  sleeping  on  the  ground,  notwith- 
standing Mrs.  Shaw's  sickness  from  the  ague.  • 
May  15th  they  arrived  at  the  subsequent  site 
of  Manhattan,  where  they  found  man}-  Indians, 
gathered  to  consider  the  proposed  sale  of  their 
lands  in  that  locality.  Mr.  Shaw  was  a  Car- 
penter and  Joiner  b}'  trade,  and  is  said  to  have 
built  the  first  frame  house  in  what  is  now  To- 
ledo. It  was  located  near  the  corner  of  Sum- 
mit and  Locust  Streets,  a))ortion  yet  remaining 
in  that  vicinity.  Mr.  Shaw  built  the  first  Jail 
for  Lucas  County,  near  the  corner  of  Summit 
and  Cherrj'  Streets,  being  the  log  structure 
elsewhere  mentioned  as  on  Water  Street,  near 
Cherry.  Mr.  Shaw  acted  as  Deputy  under  the 
first  Sheriff  of  Lucas  County  (Munson  H. 
Daniels),  in  1836,  and  was  elected  Sheriff  in 
1837  and  in  183'J.  He  was  connected  with  a 
Copper  Mining  enterprise  at  Isle  Royal,  Lake 
Superior,  in  1847-8,  and  returned  to  Toledo  in 
1849.  In  the  Spring  of  1850,  he  left  for  Cali- 
fornia, but  not  finding  mining  what  he  ex- 
pected, he  took  the  first  return  Steamer  for 
home,  the  Panama,  on  board  which  he  was 
taken  with  the  cholera,  and  died  about  Septem- 


666 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ber  4th.  The  disease  was  taken  at  Acapulco, 
Mexico,  where  the  Steamer  stopped,  and  about 
40  passengers  died  before  reaching  the  Isthmus. 
He  was  a  man  of  much  energy  and  force  of 
character,  and  usuallj-  a  leader  in  wiiat  engaged 
his  attention.  3Irs.  Shaw  continued  to  reside 
at  Toledo  from  the  time  of  their  return  from 
Lake  Superior,  in  1848,  until  her  death,  July 
18,  1886,  over  54  years  from  the  time  of  her 
arrival  here.  She  was  highly  respected  by  a 
large  circle  of  friends.  They  had  three  chil- 
dren— C.  D.  Shaw,  now  of  Aurora,  Illinois; 
Mrs.  John  B.  Marston  and  Mrs.  John  Turner, 
of  Toledo. 

The  Ohio  and  Michigan  Register  and  Emi- 
grant's Guide,  was  the  title  of  a  monthly  peri- 
odical of  16  pages,  5x8  inches  in  size,  started 
by  the  late  Jessup  W.  Scott,  at  Florence, 
Huron  (now  Erie)  County,  in  1831.  As  indi- 
cated by  its  title,  it  was  designed  chiefly  as  a 
medium  for  communicating  information  in  re- 
gard to  the  condition  and  advantages  of  North- 
ern Ohio  and  Michigan  for  settlement  by 
Eastern  people.  In  his  introductory  article, 
the  editor  said : 

We  enter  upon  the  performance  of  our  task  with 
much  pleasure,  because  the  subject  which  will  occupy 
the  most  prominent  portion  of  this  journal,  is  one  to 
which  we  have  directed  much  of  our  attention,  and 
because  we  believe  that,  properly  conducted,  our 
sheet  will  be  of  great  serxdce  to  this  whole  section  of 
country,  and  to  the  thousands  of  individuals  at  the 
East,  to  whom  a  correct  knowledge  of  the  Western 
country  will  be  communicated. 

A  correspondent  of  that  paper  ("D.  B."), 
writing  from  Perrysburg,  in  1832,  said  that 
Town  had  an  indifferent  Court-House,  two 
tavei-ns,  one  store,  and  40  or  50  dwellings  and 
shops.  Land  could  be  had  in  the  neighborhood 
at  from  fl.25  to  ^10.(10  per  acre.  The  outlet 
of  the  Miami  and  Erie  Canal  was  then  sup- 
posed to  lie  between  Perrysburg  and  Maumee 
City,  the  Towns  below  those  points  then  being 
understood  as  "  probably  belonging  to  Michi- 
gan." Of  the  locality  of  the  present  City  of 
Toledo,  the  correspondent  said  : 

The  new  Town,  "  Vistula,"  just  being  born,  and 
mentioned  in  your  last,  makes  a  great  noise,  and 
attracts  much  attention  from  the  numerous  immi- 
grants who  are  seeking  the  most  eligible  site  for  a 
Town  on  the  Maumee.  A  considerable  number  of 
lots,  according  to  the  information  obtained  from 
Major  B.  F.  Stickney,  one  of  the  proprietors,  had 
been  sold  in  the  course  of  the  Spring  and  Summer, 
and  improvements  of  a  permanent  character  and  on 
a  large  scale  engaged  to  be  made.  This  nascent  Vil- 
lage is  handsomely  situated  on  the  left  bank  of  the 
Maumee  River,  about  three  miles  from  its  mouth, 
and  immediately  below  the  site  of  Port  Lawrence. 
These  places  will  probably  some  day  grow  together 
and  become  one,  provided  my  opinion  shall  turn  out 
to  be  correct,  that  the  great  Town  of  the  Maumee 
shall  be  situated  there. 

It  was  in  that  year  (1832)  that  Mr.  Scott 
made  his  first  purchase  of  I'eal  estate  at  this 


point.     Of  that  investment,  he  thus  wrote  in  a 
letter  some  years  before  his  death,  in  1874: 

The  only  possible  chance  (for  purchase)  that  I 
found,  was  a  very  wild  and  rude  piece  of  ground, 
then  possessed  by  Dr.  Sutphen,  being  the  South  we.st 
fractional  quarter  of  Section  36,  Township  9  South, 
Range  7  East,  embracing  a  small  piece  of  Section  35. 
Of  this  I  bargained  for  70  acres  at  |12  per  acre.  I 
also  wrote  to  Major  Oliver,  who  resided  in  Cincin- 
nati, offering  to  become  part  owner  of  his  tracts,  and 
to  become  agent  for  their  management.  When  my 
letter  reached  the  Major,  there  was  an  applicant 
with  him,  having  the  same  object  in  view — Dr.  D.  O. 
Comstock— who  bought  one-fourth  of  tracts  one  and 
two,  and  with  his  brother,  Stephen  B.  Comstock,  be- 
came the  agent  of  what  was  called  the  Port  Law- 
rence Company,  owning  tracts  one  and  two.  At  the 
time  I  bought  the  70  acres,  I  could  have  bought  the 
whole  fractional  quarter  of  86  acres,  by  giving  $15 
per  acre  for  what  remained  ;  but  as  I  thought  the 
part  bought  was  worth  more  by  the  acre  than  what 
was  left,  I  declined  to  buy. 

Having,  as  I  thought,  got  a  fair  chance  to  partici- 
pate in  the  advantage  of  the  future  rapid  growth  of 
the  great  City,  I  embarked  with  my  horse  on  the 
Steamboat  Pioneer  for  Sandusky  City,  elated  with 
higb  hopes  of  future  profits  from  my  purchase.  On 
the  steamer  I  fell  in  with  a  man  who  had  just  come 
from  the  West  Shore  of  Lake  Michigan,  where  he 
bad  pre-empted  (or  rather  bought  the  pre-emption 
of)  an  80-acre  lot  at  the  mouth  of  the  Milwaukee 
River.  This  was  the  first  time  I  had  heard  that 
name.  I  think  the  land  cost  him  $6  per  acre ;  and 
as  he  could  liardly  spare  so  much  money,  he  offered 
to  let  me  in  as  joint  purchaser,  at,  1  think,  the  cost 
price.  I  declined,  telling  him  he  would  do  better  to 
make  the  new  Town  of  Vistula  the  theatre  of  specu- 
lations, as  it  might,  and  probably  would,  become  a 
considerable  City  before  settlements  to  any  extent 
would  reach  as  far  West  as  Milwaukee. 

The  purchase  by  Mr.  Scott,  above  men- 
tioned, is  referred  to  on  page  509. 

In  1877,  the  First  Ward,  Toledo,  was  repre- 
sented in  the  City  Council  by  two  pioneer 
Physicians,  each  of  whom,  at  that  time,  had 
resided  within  the  territorj-  of  the  Ward  for  over 
40  years.  One  of  these  was  Dr.  Jacob  Clark, 
who  was  born  near  Plattsburgh,  New  York, 
June  8, 1807,  afterward  removing  to  Pottsdam, 
same  County,  where  he  studied  medicine.  In 
the  Spring  of  1834,  he  sat  out  for  Toledo.  His 
attention  was  first  called  to  Toledo,  then 
known  as  Port  Lawrence,  by  an  article  from 
Captain  Samuel  Allen,  and  published  in  a 
Detroit  j)aper,  in  which  was  set  forth  the  pecu- 
liar advantages  of  the  place  as  a  market  for 
Northern  Ohio  and  Indiana,  and  Southern 
Michigan.  An  examination  of  a  map  gave 
Dr.  Clark  a  highly  favorable  impression  of  the 
Town,  and  April  10,  1834,  he  left  Canton,  St. 
Lawrence  County,  New  York,  with  the  inten- 
tion of  locating  at  Toledo.  At  Cleveland  he 
was  co7npelled  to  wait  for  48  hours  for  an  up- 
bound  Steamer  for  Detroit — no  Boat  then  run- 
ning dii-ect  to  the  Maumee  Eiver,  for  the 
reason  as  alleged  at  Cleveland,  that  there  was 
not  there  sufficient  water  or  trade  to  justify  the 
connection,  the  Town  being  in  the  midst  of  a 
great  marsh  and  its  inhabitants  Indians,  musk- 


EVENTS  AND  PERSONS. 


667 


rats  and  frogs.  Hence,  he  was  compelled  to 
reach  his  destination  inn  Detroit.  At  that 
place  he  remained  two  days,  being  meantime 
regaled  with  the  Cleveland  description  of 
Toledo,  materially  emphasized.  Altogether, 
the  )iros]iect  thus  presented  was  anything  but 
inviting  to  a  stranger  seeking  a  home.  Yet,  it 
did  not  j)revent  his  coming  to  judge  for  him- 
self as  to  the  facts  of  the  case.  About  the  20th 
of  April,  in  companv  with  a  Mr.  Ward  and  an 
Attorney  from  New  York  on  his  way  to  Fort 
Wayne,  Indiana,  the  Doctor  took  the  small 
Steamer  General  Brady,  CaiJtain  S.  F.  Atwood, 
the  three  constituting  the  passengers.  His 
confidence  in  Toledo  had  become  so  far  affected 
b}'  the  representations  made  to  him,  that  he 
proposed,  if  Mr.  Ward  would  wait  for  him 
three  daj'S  at  Toledo  (giving  him  time  to  visit 
a  brother-in-law,  Guy  Carpenter,  at  Blissfield, 
Michigan),  lie  -would  go  on  with  him  to  Fort 
Wayne,  an  uninviting  journej'  of  60  miles 
through  the  wilderness  from  Defiance,  with 
nothing  but  an  Indian  trail  by  land,  or  with  a 
canoe  by  water.  Mr.  Ward  declining  such  offer, 
from  fears  caused  by  the  Cleveland  and  Detroit 
stories,  Dr.  Clark  decided  to  stoj)  at  Toledo  long 
enough  for  an  inspection  of  the  conditions. 

On  arriving  at  his  destination,  he  found  the 
situation  essentially  different,  so  far  as  topogra- 
ph}^ was  concerned.  Both  banks  of  the  Kiver 
were  high,  and  well  stocked  with  vigorous 
timber,  and  altogether  his  hojies  were  mate- 
riall}'  strengthened.  The  Steamer  landed  at 
the  foot  of  Monroe  Street.  The  only  persons 
at  the  landing  were  John  and  Henry  Goettell 
(two  Germans).  The  warehouse  there  consisted 
of  an  old  log-building  of  manj'  years'  standing 
(see  page  4(56),  and  contained  a  few  boxes  and 
old  chairs,  with  a  counter  about  eight  feet  in 
length,  behind  which  were  Andrew  Palmer 
and  a  few  shelves.  Dr.  Clark  went  to  the 
Hotel  of  the  place,  at  the  corner  of  Summit  and 
Perry  Streets,  then  kept  by  Captain  Ezra 
Dodd.  He  could  be  kept  over  night,  though  he 
might  not  be  able  to  get  a  bed.  Upon  inquiry, 
he  learned  that  that  was  the  only  Hotel  in  the 
place.  Accepting  the  situation,  he  spent  the 
night  with  a  blanket  between  himself  and  the 
floor.  There  was  a  cot  in  the  house,  then 
occupied  by  Stephen  Porter,  to  which  Dr. 
Clark  fortunately  succeeded  the  next  night. 

Early  the  following  morning,  the  Doctor 
started  out  for  a  survey  of  the  premises  and  the 
"Town."  Climbing  a  steej)  bank  of  about  25 
feet  at  the  foot  of  Monroe  Street,  corner  of 
Summit,  he  had  a  fine  view  of  the  Eiver  for 
miles  up  and  down  the  stream.  There  was  an 
open  space  for  about  40  rods  along  the  bank  to 
the  East,  beyond  which  was  nothing  but  an 
Indian  trail  until  Lagrange  Street  was  reached. 
The  sun  shone  brightly,  and  the  impression 
made  by  the  fine  shading  oaks,  with  ample 
branches,  was  very  pleasing,  and  confirmed  his 
purpose  to  remain. 


Dr.  Clark  learned  that  Toledo  was  divided 
into  "Upper,"  "Middle  "and"  Lower"  Towns. 
The  first  named  consisted  of  that  part  extend- 
ing from  Jefferson  Street  to  Perry  and  up  Swan 
Creek  as  far  as  the  old  City  limits.  At  the 
corner  of  Jefferson  and  Summit  stood  an  old 
Govei'iiment  block-house,  between  which  and 
the  River  was  old  Fort  Industry.  Where  Fort 
Industry  block  now  stands  (Southeast  corner 
of  Summit  and  Monroe  Streets),  was  a  sharp 
point  of  land,  about  25  feet  high,  formed  by  the 
River  bank  on  one  side  and  a  curve  of  a  bank 
which  ran  back  to  near  to'what  is  now  the  old 
Canal  bed.  At  that  point  was  an  opening  for 
200  or  :i00  feet,  the  banks  then  continuing  up 
to  where  the  Canal  aqueduct  subsequently 
crossed  Swan  Creek,  and  formingnearly  a  semi- 
circle. The  low  grounds  from  Monroe  Street 
to  Swan  Creek,  had  the  appearance  of  the  bed 
of  an  old  Bay,  the  waters  from  which  passed 
through  the  opening  referred  to,  to  Mud  Creek 
below,  and  thence  to  the  Bay  and  Lake.  The 
topography  of  the  route  of  Mud  Creek  yet 
sti'onglj-  corroborated  the  view  that  it  was  at 
one  time  the  bed  of  a  considerable  stream. 

Beside  the  Hotel  already  referred  to,  there 
were  in  "  Upper  Town  "  a  frame  house  across 
Perry  Street,  where  the  Burnet  House  now 
stands,  and  occupied  bj'  Oliver  Stevens  (yet  a 
resident  of  Toledo)  ;  a  small  brick  building  in 
the  woods,  almost  under  the  bank  and  about 
25  rods  back  from  Summit  Street,  and  occupied 
by  Clement  Bodette ;  together  with  a  few 
shanties,  scattered  along  down  the  River.  But 
one  road  led  out  of  the  "settlement."  It  was 
out  Monroe  Street,  and  passed  the  present  resi- 
dence of  Judge  Fitch,  and  on  to  Tremaines- 
ville.  About  halfway  to  that  place  lived  Dr. 
J.  V.  D.  Sutphen,  who  there  kept  the  only 
PostofHce  in  this  section. 

"Middle  Town"  consisted  of  a  log-house, 
located  about  60  rods  from  Monroe  Street, 
down  the  River,  which  was  occupied  by  a 
washer-woman,  by  the  name  of  Whitten,  whose 
husband  sailed  some  small  craft. 

"  Lower  Town  "  extended  from  Oak  to  Mag- 
nolia Street.  It  contained  one  store — that  of 
Theodore  Bisselland  Junius  Flagg,  at  the  cor- 
ner of  Summit  and  Lagrange  Streets,  who  also 
had  a  small  frame  Warehouse  at  the  foot  of 
Lagrange  Street.  On  the  corner  opposite  their 
Store,  was  a  small  one-story  house,  owned  and 
occupied  by  Blkanah  Briggs.  On  the  West 
side  of  Lagrange  lived  Captain  Samuel  Allen, 
one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  Town,  whose 
office  was  opposite.  At  the  corner  of  Summit 
and  Elm  Streets,  was  a  frame  house  occupied 
and  owned  by  Ira  Smith,  who  there  ke])t  a 
boarding-house  for  men  employed  in  erecting  a 
Steam  Saw-Mill  for  Edward  Bissell,  at  the  cor- 
ner of  Elm  and  Water  Streets.  About  half- 
way between  Locust  and  Lagrange,  on  Summit 
Street,  lived  Cornelius  G.  Shaw,  who  the  fol- 
lowing Summer  made  an  addition  to  his  story- 


668 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


and-a-half  bouse,  and  opened  the  second  Hotel 
in  Toledo,  naming  it  the  Mansion  House,  after- 
wards called  the  Franklin  House.  In  August, 
Mr.  Shaw  turned  the  house  over  to  M.  G-. 
Sweet,  from  Southern  Ohio,  who  added  a  small 
Livery  Stable  to  the  establishment,  the  first  of 
the  kind  in  Toledo.  The  balance  of  that  por- 
tion of  the  Town,  consisted  of  shanties,  as  far 
down  the  River  as  Bush  Street,  where  lived 
the  old  Indian  Agent,  Major  B.  F.  Stickney. 
About  a  half-mile  below  was  Colonel  Wilkison ; 
and  below  that,  in  the  forest,  was  yet  the 
settlement  of  the  Ottawa  Indians,  where  Man- 
hattan subsequently  was  built. 

The  first  brick  manufactured  in  Toledo,  were 
made  by  Peter  H.  Shaw  and  E.  L.  Babcock. 
The  latter,  in  1834,  had  a  contract  with  the 
proprietors  of  the  Town  for  1,500,000  bricks, 
but  he  died  in  August  of  that  year. 

Among  the  settlers  here  in  1834,  were  the 
following: 

Physicians — Dr.  J.  D.  V.  Sutphen,  Dr.  Baxter 
Bowman  and  Dr.  Clark. 

Mechanics — George  Bennett,  D.  B.  Mooney,  E.  W. 

Stowe,  Clement  Bodette, Long  and Jenney, 

Carpenters  and  Joiners  ;  and  Granville  Jones,  Mason. 

Druggist  —  Luke  Draper,  from  Lockport,  New 
York. 

Brickmakers— P.  H.  Shaw  and  E.  L.  Babcock. 

A  Saw-Mill,  located  on  Summit  Street,  be- 
tween Elm  and  Chestnut  (owned  and  run  by 
Edward  Bissell),  commenced  operations  in 
July,  1834. 

The  first  Foundry  in  Toledo,  occupied  the 
present  site  of  the  Lagrange  Street  School 
building.  For  such  purpose  the  ground  was 
cleared  of  a  dense  forest,  the  work  of  prepara- 
tion beginning  in  June,  1834.  Samuel  Mc- 
Dowell was  the  builder.  The  location  then 
seemed  a  great  way  into  the  wilderness  from 
the  little  settlement  near  the  River. 

Hotels  in  1834 — The  Port  Lawrence  (after- 
wards the  Indiana)  House,  corner  of  Summit 
and  Perry,  kept  by  Captain  E.  S.  Dodd ;  and 
the  Mansion  House,  between  Lagrange  and 
Locust,  by  C.  G.  Shaw  ;  afterwards  by  M.  G. 
Sweet. 

During  the  Summer  of  1834,  the  firm  of 
Smith  &  Macy,  of  Buffalo,  purchased  or  were 
given  an  interest  in  the  Town.  They  con- 
trolled several  Steamboats  on  the  Lake,  and 
the  arrangement  was  that  two  of  these  should 
stop  at  Toledo  each  week.  They  usually  car- 
ried good  loads  of  passengers,  but  did  not  come 
as  regularly  as  was  expected. 

By  May,  1834,  the  arrivals  had  so  far  exceeded 
the  accommodations  of  the  Town,  that  board- 
ing-places were  very  scarce.  Under  such  state 
of  things,  Dr.  Clark,  J.  Irvine  Browne,  J.  Bai-on 
Davis  and  J.  W.  Fellows  (the  latter  two  from 
Troy,  New  York),  united  for  the  establishment 
of  a  "  Bachelor's  Hall,"  the  object  being  mutual 
l^rotection  and  care  in  sickness,  no  less  than  in 


the  supply  of  food.     For    such  purpose,  they 
had  to  provide  quarters.     To  do  this,  they  were 
compelled,  by  the  scarcity  of  lumber,  to  go  to 
the   only  Saw-Mill  in  this  section,  located  on 
Swan  Creek,   where  the  Maumee  and  Monroe 
Pike  crossed  that  stream,about  three  miles  dis- 
tant from    Lagrange  Street.     Taking  a  Scow 
up  Swan  Creek  to  the  mill,  tliej-  were  able  to 
pick  UJ3  boards  and  slabs  sufficient  for  a  shantj- 
12x12  feet  in  size,  which  were  brought  down 
the  Creek  in  the  Scow,  the  propelling  force  for 
which  consisted  of  poles  moved  by  hand-power. 
The  Saw-Mill  was  run  by  a  man  named  Good- 
ale,  and  driven  at   brief  and    very  uncertain 
periods  by  a  scanty  supply  of  water  from  the 
Creek.     With  such  materials  the  four  partners 
proceeded  to  erect  their  home,  about  150  feet 
North  of  Summit  Street,  and  half-way  between 
Locust  and    Walnut.     That   completed,    they 
got  a  cook-stove ;  bought  a  cow  ;  sent  to  Detroit 
for  a  stock  of  provisions,  consisting  of  hams, 
dried    meat,   crackers,   flour,  etc.     Their   bed- 
steads were  made  of  i-ound  poles,  and  so  con- 
structed that  they  could  be  leaned  up  against 
the  sides  of  the  shanty  when   not  m  use — an 
arrangement  which  was  found  to  be  vei-y  con- 
venient, not  only  during  the  daj',  but  often  at 
night  also,  when,  in  cases  of  rain,  owing  to  the 
flow   of  water   through   their   slab-roof,  they 
found  it  necessary  to  vacate  their  beds,  raise 
them  up  against  the  wall,  and  themselves  stand 
up   as  straight  as   possible   where  the  fall  of 
water  was  the  least.     Their  beds  consisted  of 
straw,  the  ticks  being  manufactured  for  them 
of  cotton  cloth  by  Mrs.  Sam.  Allen.     To  these 
were  added    a  few  blankets  picked  up  at  dif- 
ferent places.     Their  dishes  and  cooking  uten- 
sils corresponded  with  the  other  appointments 
named.     Thus  j^i'ovided,  thej'  applied  to  Mrs. 
Allen    for    instructions   in   the  art  of  "  house- 
keeping," and   more  especially  in  bread-mak- 
ing, in  which  art  they  came  to  be  adepts,  their 
bread    being    the    envy  of  the   neighborhood. 
Having  little   else   to   do,  the}-  spent    most  of 
their    time   in    providing   for  and   conducting 
their  household  affairs.     They  were  enabled  to 
obtain  a  good  supply  of  game  for  their  table, 
in  which  thej^  were   much  assisted   by  a  Mr. 
Crane,  who  afterwards  kept  a  Hardware  Store 
on  Perry  Street.     In  this  shanty,  the  "  Bach- 
elor" household  remained  for  the  balance    of 
the  Summer  and  into  the  Fall.* 

Meantime,  there  was  a  great  extent  of  mala- 
rial disease   among  the  settlers  of  the  Town, 

*It  was  within  the  privacy  of  this  rude  shanty, 

and  by  the  young  men  its  inmates,  that  was  concocted 
the  plan  (elsewhere  referred  to)  for  inducing  the  re- 
newed and  more  vigorous  action  taken  by  the  Ohio 
authorities  in  the  enforcement  of  the  State's  claim  as 
to  the  boundary  Une  between  Ohio  and  Michigan. 
To  what  extent  such  obscure  action  may  have  ope- 
rated to  control  the  important  events  of  the  follow- 
ing year,  can  never  be  definitely  known ;  but  the 
probability  as  to  its  influence  in  that  connection, 
seems  to  be  very  clear. 


EVENTS  AND  PERSONS. 


m\) 


the  larger  portion  of  whom  I'omained  but  a 
short  time,  and  left  to  give  room  for  succeed- 
ing arrivals.  Dr.  Clark  romaiuod  until  Octo- 
ber, when,  the  "Fever  and  Ague"  becoming 
too  much  for  him,  he  relurnod  to  the  Kast,  re- 
maining tiiere  until  the  following  April  (1885), 
when  he  came  back  to  make  his  permanent 
home  in  Toledo,  and  to  live  to  see  the  rude 
scene  of  his  early  experiences  on  the  Mauinco 
become  the  site  of  a  large  and  thriving  City, 
active  with  everj'  description  of  industry  and 
trade. 

Dr.  Clark  is  able  to  settle  one  point  in  Toledo 
history,  which  has  not  been  definitely  under- 
stood, but  which  is  important,  to  wit:  The 
establishment  of  the  first  newspaper,  at  this 
point.  As  elsewhere  mentioned,  he  states  that 
the  first  paper  issued  here  was  not  the  Gazette, 
as  heretofore  accepted,  but  the  Toledo  Herald. 
Dr.  Clark  and  Mr.  Browne,  the  conductor  of 
the  paper,  were  young  adventurers  together; 
co-owners  and  co-occupantsof  the  board  siianty 
already  described ;  warm  friends,  living  to- 
gether and  sick  together.  Mr.  Browne  after- 
wards returned  to  Pennsylvania,  where  he 
died. 

Dr.  Clark,  though  in  his  82d  year,  is  yet 
active  and  able  to  devote  attention  to  his  busi- 
ness affairs. 

Mention  is  elsewhere  made  of  Dr.  Chase's 
residence  and  experiences  in  Lucas  County. 

Among  the  pioneers  of  the  Toledo  Bar,  were 
John  R.  Osboru  and  Myron  H.  Tilden,  who 
came  to  the  City  in  April,  1838,  as  jiartners  in 
the  practice  of  the  law,  and  remained  such  until 
1839,  when  Mr.  Osborn  left  Toledo  and  settled 
at  Norwalk,  remaining  there  until  1856,  at 
which  time  he  returned  to  Toledo  as  the  Treas- 
urer of  the  Wabash  Eailway  Company,  which 
position  he  held  for  several  years. 

It  was  Mr.  Osborn 's  practice  to  keep  a  diary, 
not  only  of  his  individual  acts  and  exj^eriences, 
but  more  or  less  of  current  events  coming 
within  his  knowledge,  which  were  noted  with 
much  care  and  detail.  Such  record  is  always 
valuable  for  the  reliability  of  its  I'acts.  It  is 
regretted  that  space  can  here  be  found  for  but 
a  small  portion  of  the  historical  material  with 
which  Mr.  Osborn's  ample  fund  abounds. 

The  diary  was  commenced  Januarj^  1,  1838, 
at  which  time  Mr.  Osboru  was  the  Clerk  of  the 
Ohio  Senate,  and  until  the  close  of  the  session 
the  proceedings  of  the  Legislature  largely  occu- 
pied his  attention.  The  return  to  Norwalk, 
which  had  been  his  residence  since  1835,  was 
made  by  stage  in  3G  hours  traveling  time. 

April  20th,  he  left  Norwalk  tor  Toledo  to  make  his 
home  here.  His  route  was  via  Huron,  where  he  was 
compelled  to  take  a  Detroit  Steamer,  wliich  diil  not 
stop  at  Toledo  on  its  upward  trip.  I^eaving  Detroit 
at  5  p.  ji.,  the  boat  reached  Toledo  at  4  the  next 
morning,  having  grounded  in  the  Mauniee  Kiver  be- 
low Toledo. 

At  that  time  the  Whig  party  in  this  section  were 
much  divided  in  sentiment  between  Henry  Clay  and 


Gen.  Harrison,  a.s   their  Presidential  candidate  for 

IS4(>.  Tlie  latter  had  l)een  the  Whig  candidate  in 
Ohio  and  some  other  States  in  1830.  A  meeting  of 
.SO  Whigs  at  Perrysburg  April  26th,  stood  16  for  Clay 
and  14  for  Harrison.  The  friends  of  Clay  predomi- 
nated at  Toledo. 

May  3d  B.  F.  Stickney  was  sued  in  a  number  of 
cases  where  he  had  forfeited  his  recognizance  to  ap- 
pear at  Monroe,  to  answer  for  violations  of  the  laws  of 
the  Territory  of  Michigan,  committed  during  the 
"Toledo  War"  of  1!S35.  His  bail  had  been  com- 
pelled to  pay  the  amounts,  for  recovery  of  which  they 
then  brought  suit,  and  judgments  were  rendered  in 
their  favor  in  all  cases.  He  had  asked  the  Ohio  Leg- 
islature to  remunerate  him  in  these  and  other  dam- 
ages sustained  from  the  Michigan  parties. 

At  Pierre  M.  Irving's  suggestion,  Mr.  Osborn  pre- 
pared an  appeal  to  tlie  people  of  Toledo  for  contri- 
butions for  starting  the  Young  Men's  Association,  for 
which  a  charter  had  been  obtained,  which  ap|)eal, 
over  the  signature  of  "  Pliny,"  appeared  in  tlie  Blade. 
May  11th,  is  given  a  report  of  an  interview  with 
Adolphus  Kramer,  a  resident  of  Manhattan,  and  since 
for  4.5  years  a  leading  citizen  of  Hartford,  alias  Oak 
Harbor,  Ottawa  County.  Mr.  Kramer,  himself  a  Ger- 
man, was  a  student  at  tlie  University  of  Goettingen 
during  the  "three  days'  revolution"  of  France,  in  con- 
nection with  which  the  overthrow  of  the  Government 
of  Hanover  was  proposed.  In  the  spirit  of  the  latter 
movement  Mr.  Kramer  so  largely  participated,  that 
upon  its  failure,  he  determined  to  seek  his  fortune  in 
the  United  States.  Coming  to  this  country,  he  at 
first  stopped  at  Lancaster,  Ohio,  where  he  devoted 
himself  to  peildling  clocks,  trading  horses  and  making 
cigars — selling  for  $75  clocks  which  cost  him  f  1.5. 
He  had  a  chancery  suit  at  the  time  stated,  involving 
the  ownership  of  Hartford,  and  for  services  as  counsel, 
was  to  give  Tilden  &  Osborn  one  lot  each,  which  then 
was  worth  five  or  six  dollars,  though  during  "  the 
mania  for  Towns,"  in  18,35-6,  such  were  "  held  at" 
one  or  two  hundred  dollars  each. 

May  12th.  On  the  adjournment  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas,  Judge  Ozias  Bowen  presiding,  there 
were  350  causes  on  the  issue  and  400  on  the  appear- 
ance docket,  which  (considered  from  the  standpoint 
of  litigants,  probably)  Mr.  Osborn  regarded  as  "  a  des- 
perate state  of  affairs."  The  opinion  was  recorded, 
that  "  this  County  cannot  pay  its  debts  in  many 
years.  No  produce  was  raised,  and  the  value  of 
Town  property,  until  the  public  improvements  (the 
Canals)  have  progressed,  will  not  be  of  one-tenth  of 
what  it  has  been  rated." 

May  22d  is  recorded  the  marriage  of  a  mulatto, 
named  Richardson,  to  a  white  girl  from  Norwalk,  the 
tirst  recorded  case  of  the  kind  occurring  in  Toledo. 
The  ceremony  was  performed  by  Kev.  Isaac  Flagler, 
Pastor  of  the  Presbyterian  ('hurch,  and  the  affair 
caused  an  intense  excitement,  and  no  little  feeling 
against  the  otliciating  clergyman.  The  groom  was 
an  industrious,  respectable  man,  and  the  bride  (sup- 
posed to  be  the  chii^f  promoter  of  the  union)  seemed 
to  act  upon  clear  convictions  as  to  the  propriety  of 
such  connection,  she  being  of  a  respectable  family, 
and  having  a  brother  a  student  at  Oberlin  College, 
then  the  most  pronounced  Anti-Slavery  School  in  tfie 
country.  Mr.  Flagler  no  doubt  acted  con.sciention.sly 
in  the  matter,  but  evidently  against  the  prevailing 
sentiment  of  the  community  and  a  large  portion  of 
bis  own  Church.  He  was  a" conscientious  Christian; 
and  although  at  that  time  in  feeble  health,  he  re- 
mained in  Toledo  until  April,  183!),  and  lived  till  a 
few  years  since,  dying  at  Bellevue,  Ohio.  It  is  cred- 
ibly stated,  that  during  a  severe  malarial  attack  while 
in  Toledo,  fiis  life  was  saved  by  the  administration  of 
60  grains  of  quinine,  that  being  10  times  a  good  dose 
for  an  invalid. 

June  20th.     Mr.  Osborn,  on  horseback,  made  the 


670 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


trip  from  Toledo  to  Manhattan,  for  the  purpose  of  ob- 
taining a  draft  at  the  Bank  at  that  place,  there  being 
no  facilities  of  that  sort  then  at  Toledo.  But  the 
Cashier  had  gone  to  Toledo,  and  the  draft  could  not 
be  had.  The  next  day  he  went  to  Detroit  to  make 
deposit  in  the  Farmers'  and  Mechanics'  Bank  of  that 
City,  and  to  secure  a  debt  against  the  Washtenaw 
Bank. 

June  25th.  Made  the  trip  to  Perrysburg,  by 
Steamer  Sun,  Captain  Calvin  K.  Bennett;  returning 
on  the  29th,  per  the  Steamer  General  Jackson. 

June  30th.  Daniel  Segur,  as  landlord,  closed  the 
American  Hotel,  on  account  of  excessive  rent  (some 
$1,500  per  vear). 

July  1st.  Rev.  Mr.  Muzzey,  Unitarian,  of  Cam- 
bridgeport,  Massachusetts,  held  services  in  Toledo, 
with  about  a  dozen  attendants.  Mrs.  J.  Baron  Davis, 
a  superior  singer,  assisted  by  Mr.  Osborn,  furnished 
the  music. 

July  2d.  In  consequence  of  the  closing  of  the 
American,  Mr.  Osborn  began  boarding  with  Chester 
Walbridge,  and  liked  it  very  much. 

July  3d.  The  Toledo  Guards,  a  military  company 
then  just  formed,  had  their  first  parade,  with  a  band 
of  music. 

July  12th.  Went  to  Manhattan  Bank  to  get  New 
York  draft  for  the  Bank's  bills  ;  could  only  get  Buffalo 
and  Albany  drafts,  at  4^  per  cent,  premium,  and  $15 
in  New  York  Bank  bills  at  two  per  cent,  premium. 

July  14th.  Preaching  by  Rev.  John  Janes,  then 
Presiding  Elder  of  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.  He 
was  the  father  of  Mr.  Frank  Janes,  now  (1888)  of 
Toledo. 

August  3d.  A  great  amount  of  sickness  in  Toledo, 
especially  among  the  poorer  classes.  Large  numbers, 
principally  Irish,  were  employed  in  the  construction 
of  the  Canal,  and  these,  from  the  twofold  cause  of 
lack  of  suitable  food  and  quarters  and  improvident 
habits,  suffered  very  much  ;  while  the  public  treas- 
ury was  m  no  condition  to  render  aid. 

August  9th.  Attended  the  celebration  at  Tecum- 
seh  of  the  opening  of  the  Palmyra  and  Jacksonburg 
Branch  of  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad.  Te- 
cumseh  was  then  a  pleasant  Village  of  about  1,200 
inhabitants — the  houses  mostly  of  wood,  and  much 
scattered. 

August  10th.  Attended  at  Perrysburg,  the  closing- 
out  sale,  by  order  of  Court,  of  "Marengo  City,"  lo- 
cated on  the  River  and  between  Toledo  and  Perrys- 
burg. Mr.  Osborn  represented  one  of  the  owners, 
John  Miller  of  Norwalk  (father  of  John  Miller,  who 
died  in  Toledo  in  1885).  Present  at  the  sale  were 
Judge  David  Higgins,  General  John  Patterson,  Rev. 
H.  O.  Sheldon  and  Nathan  Jenkins  of  Milan,  Direc- 
tors of  the  Marengo  Company  ;  also,  Charles  Bor- 
land, of  Mansfield,  a  stockholder.  The  lots  were  ap- 
praised at  about  $100  per  acre,  some  higher,  on  ac- 
count of  expected  valuable  "mill-privileges"  from 
the  Canal  then  under  construction. 

August  13th.  The  Steamer  Rochester  was  at  To- 
ledo. It  was  then  "run  upon  Sunday  and  Temperance 
principles"— lying  by  on  the  Sabbath  and  excluding 
the  sale  of  liquors  on  board. 

August  16th.  Visited  Sharon,  Michigan,  with 
.1650  in  bills,  of  the  Bank  of  Sharon,  on  $500  of  which 
the  preliminary  demand  provided  for  by  law  had 
been  made  60  days  before.  The  Bank  was  a  "  Wild 
Cat  "  and  without  funds,  but  had  the  "  paper  of  good 
men,"  which  Mr.  Osborn  accepted  as  security  for 
final  payment  of  the  Bank's  notes.  The  trip  'from 
Manchester  to  Sharon  and  return  was  made  on  foot, 
no  other  means  of  conveyance  being  available. 

August  19th.  Wrote  several  editorials  for  the 
B/ade— one  on  the  "Treasury,"  and  another  in  the 
interest  of  the  Young  Men's  Association.  The  Bla<k 
at  that  time  was  largely  dependent  on  gratuitous  con- 
tributions for  its  editorial  matter. 


August  20th.  Two  of  Mr.  Walbridge's  children 
(Hiram  and  Heman  D.)  were  sick  with  fever,  though 
not  severely.  The  fellow-boarders  of  Mr.  Osborn 
then  were  Dan.  Segur,  John  Poag,  Gid.  W.  Weed  and 
Robert  W.  Titus. 

August  2.3d.  Severe  sickness  and  suffering  continue. 
It  is  a  dark  day  for  Toledo.  Mechanics  and  work- 
ingmen  are  disheartened.  None  are  coming  in,  and 
many  here  are  talking  of  leaving.  Speculators  grasp 
the  real  estate,  and  it  requires  a  fortune  to  obtain  a 
foothold.  When  the  unwary  adventurer's  capital  is 
exhausted  in  procuring  a  home,  disease  comes  upon 
him  and  his  family,  and  they  are  destitute  of  means 
for  obtaining  even  the  necessaries  of  life. 

August  30th.  Had  some  talk  with  Hiram  Wal- 
bridge about  buying  of  him  SO  acres  of  land  in  San- 
dusky County,  eight  miles  from  Toledo,  which  he 
offered  for  $200,  or  $2.50  per  acre,  payable  in  two 
years,  which  was  cheap.  He  wanted  to  raise  requisite 
money  for  educating  himself. 

Edward  Bissell's  property  was  then  estimated  to  be 
worth  $1,000,000,  and  his  debts  at  $200,000. 

September  9th.  Met  Alfred  P.  Edgerton,  from 
Hicksville,  a  Town  laid  out  in  Williams  [since  De- 
fiance] County.  He  appeared  to  be  a  very  lively  and 
sprightly  young  man  ;  was  from  New  York,  and  is 
looking  after  the  property  of  the  Hickses,  in  that 
County.  He  said  they  entered  40,000  acres  of  land 
at  $1.25,  which  they  were  selling  at  $5.00.  [Mr.  Ed- 
gerton, subsequently  a  member  of  Congress,  is  now 
(1888)  a  member  of  the  United  States  Civil  Service 
Commission.] 

October  22d.  The  Court  of  Common  Pleas  finds 
great  difficulty  in  obtaining  a  Grand  Jury,  about  one- 
half  of  the  venire  excusing  themselves  on  the  ground 
of  sickness. 

The  price  of  board  at  the  Mansion  House  was  then 
$3.00,  and  at  the  American  $4.00  per  week. 

October  29th.  With  Oliver  Stevens  and  J.  Baron 
Davis,  Mr.  Osborn  was  appointed  an  Examiner  of 
Public  School  Teachers  by  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas.  The  Board  organized  by  the  choice  of  Mr. 
Stevens  as  Chairman,  and  Mr.  Davis  as  Secretary. 
Two  candidates  applied  and  passed  examination — E. 
Lathrop  and Birdsall. 

November  6th.  It  seemed  utterly  impossible  to  sus- 
tain a  clergyman  in  Toledo  or  in  neighboring  Towns. 
"  Never  knew  such  a  period  of  calamity  and  distress 
in  money  matters.  Every  day  the  money  in  the  place 
was  going  to  other  points,  and  every  day  finds  the 
inhaliitants  poorer." 

November  11th.  Made  the  trip  over  the  Monroe- 
ville  and  Sandusky  Railroad  (16  miles)  in  two  hours, 
the  motive-power  being  horses,  and  the  track  without 
iron,  except  a  short  distance  from  Sanduskv. 

January  26,  1839.  With  A.  W.  Fairbanks,  S.  S. 
Blanchard,  C.  G.  McKnight  and  T.  S.  Manly,  skated 
on  the  River  to  Manhattan  and  return. 

February  3d.  Rev.  Mr.  Nightingale.  Unitarian, 
preached  in  Toledo.  The  Church  was  a  small  one, 
largely  supported  by  a  Boston  Missionary  Society. 
Mr.  Nightingale  remained  until  February,  when  a 
lack  of  success  compelled  a  suspension  of  his  labors 
and  he  went  to  Chicago. 

April  19th.  The  effect  of  the  medicine  taken  the 
previous  eve  left  Mr.  Osborn  very  weak,  but  with  the 
hope  that  he  would  have  no  more  ague.  Felt  a  weak- 
ness and  lankness  all  day. 

April  20th.  Most  of  the  former  part  of  the  day 
have  been  very  sick,  from  effects  of  medicine  taken 
yesterday.  Walked  toward  the  office,  and  met  Mrs. 
Chester  Walbridge  and  Mrs.  John  Berdan,  who  in- 
formed him  that  Judge  Berdan  then  had  a  severe 
shake.  Soon  called  on  the  Judge,  and  found  him 
over  his  fit,  but  suffering  from  its  effects.  He  had 
the  ague  for  eight  days  in  succession.  While  the  fits 
were  on,  he  was  very  sick  and  for  several  hours  there- 


I 


EVENTS  AND  PERSONS. 


(171 


after  ;  but  morning  and  at  night  he  could  work  in  the 
warehouse,  and  while  thus  engaged  felt  to  be  himself 
again.  Until  last  fall,  his  family  had  not  been  atl'ected 
by  sickness,  although  he  had  been  for  three  years. 
"  Dearly  have  they  paid  for  their  immunity.  Every 
one  of  them  has  been  sick,  and  that  incessantly.  The 
Judge  has  not  escaped  a  chill  for  more  than  three 
weeks  at  a  time  since  last  summer."  Was  much  en- 
tertained by  the  account  the  Judge  gave  of  Lake 
matters  as  early  as  1S19.  The  Government  then  had 
made  no  improvements  in  harbors,  and  at  nearly  all 
the  present  commercial  ports  sand-bais  excluded  the 
entrance  of  vessels,  except  at  Detroit  and  Black  Rock, 
which  latter  place,  it  was  thought,  would  be  the  prin- 
cipal City,  instead  of  ButTalo,  no  pier  having  then 
been  built  at  the  latter  place,  which  otherwise  was 
inaccessible.  The  Steamboat  Walk-in-the-Water  had 
been  built  by  General  Porter  of  Black  Rock.  At  the 
mouth  of  the  Cuyahoga  (Cleveland),  Judge  Berdan 
said  he  had  seen  persons  walk  over  on  dry  land,  from 
one  side  to  the  other. 

April  '21st.  Hiram  Walbridge  was  at  the  office,  to 
whom  I  gave  sundry  suggestions  as  to  a  vigorous  pros- 
ecution of  his  proposed  studios  at  Athens  College. 
He  stated  that  he  was  the  author  of  a  couple  of  arti- 
cles upon  Toledo  (signed  "  W."),  just  published  in  the 
Blade,  its  prospects,  improvements,  etc.  Was  aston- 
ished at  this  information.  Tlie  articles  abounded  in 
matters  of  minute  statistical  detail,  and  were  well 
written  and  generally  admired.  He  showed  the 
original  manuscript  and  told  of  the  sources  of  his  in- 
formation. 

April  23d.  At  8:30  a.  m.,  took  the  cars  at  foot  of 
Lagrange  Street  for  a  trip  into  Michigan.  Were  de- 
tained half  an  hour  at  Upper  Town.  A  pretty  rapid 
movement  brought  us  to  Palmyra,  a  distance  of  27 
miles,  in  little  more  than  two  hours.  At  this  place, 
dinner  was  had  at  the  tavern  kept  by  Mr.  George  K. 
Pomeroy,  who  seems  to  be  a  very  clever  man.  But 
one  other  passenger  in  the  car  on  leaving  for  Tecum- 
seh,  which  place  was  reached  about  3  p.  m.,  where  a 
stage  was  taken  for  Niles.  On  return  to  Tecumseh, 
April  27th,  took  lodgings  at  the  Stage-house,  kept  by 
General  J.  W.  Brown,  of  "  Toledo  War  "  fame.  Board 
was  $1.50  per  day.  Went  to  Sharon  to  get  returns  of 
the  claim  on  the  Bank  there.  Got  only  $50,  and  left 
balaiice  for  collection  b)'  law. 

May  3d.  The  American  Hotel,  Toledo,  had  20 
boarders. 

May  7th.  Went  to  Dr.  McLean's  Drugstore,  and 
procured  an  ounce  of  Peruvian  bark,  to  use  instead  of 
quinine.  In  bed  all  day,  the  chill  being  succeeded 
by  fever  and  headache. 

May  Hith.  At  suggestion  and  soUcitation  of  Chas. 
W.  Hill,  agreed  to  accept  the  position  of  Colonel  of 
the  Militia,  and  was  elected  at  Maumee  City. 

May  19th.  Attended  services  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church,  then  held  in  the  School-house  on  or  near 
Lagrange  Street.  A  small  congregation  was  assem- 
bled. Judge  Berdan  read  a  printed  sermon,  with  the 
text,   "  Rejoice  always  in  the  Lord." 

May  21st.  C.  W.  Hill  conducted  the  editorial  de- 
partment of  the  Blade  throughout  the  previous  winter. 

May  22d.  At  Manhattan  met  Daniel  Chase,  F.  M. 
Follett,  of  Sandusky,  and  Henry  D.  Ward,  Cashier  of 
the  Manhattan  Bank. 

June  19th.  At  Perrysburg,  the  members  of  the 
Bar  from  abroad  enjoyed  the  hospitalities  of  "Count" 
CofRnbury  at  his  home,  where  were  his  two  daugh- 
ters. He  had  a  geological  cabinet,  including  .some 
400  specimens  of  petrifactions,  which  he  had  gathered 
within  the  previous  three  years,  and  many  shells  and 
other  curiosities. 

June  20th.  The  officers  of  the  Militia  Brigade  met 
at  Maumee,  to  choose  a  Brigadier  General.  The  polls 
were  opened  by  Col.  Osboru,  who  chose  Capts.  Brint- 
nal  and  WoodruflF  to  assist  as  judges  of  the  election, 


and  Sidney  C.  Sloane,  of  Perrysburg,  as  Clerk.  The 
votestood— for  Colonel  J.  W.  Smith,  of  Perry.shurg, 
19  ;  Colonel  E.  S.  Dodd,  of  Lucas  County,  1(>— a  result 
disappointing  to  the  Lucas  officers.  As  was  the  man- 
ner ot  those  days,  General  Smith  signalized  his  elec- 
tion by  producing  a  basket  of  cham|)agne,  which,  for 
the  time,  at  least,  materially  mollified  the  feelings  of 
the  defeated  ;  but  did  not  remove  the  informalities 
which  would  render  his  election  void  in  case  of  con- 
test, which  subsequently  was  successful. 

June  23d.  With  .Mr.  Tilden  discussed  firm  affairs. 
Had  .some  $5,000  due  on  their  books,  but  Mr.  Osborn, 
who  then  had  decided  to  leave  Toledo,  would  be  sat- 
isfied with  $500  as  his  share. 

June  29th.  The  la.st  day  of  Mr.  Osborn  in  Toledo. 
The  partners  divided  their  library  and  closed  their 
busine.ss.  He  left  on  the  Steamer  Commodore  Perry 
for  Columbus,  via  Sandusky,  arriving  at  the  latter 
place  at  11  p.  m. 

June  30th.  At  -1  a.  m.  took  stage  for  Columbus, 
arriving  at  Marion  (60  miles)  at  6:30  p.  m.  Here  the 
stage  stopped  for  the  night. 

July  1st.  At  4  A.  M.  again  started,  and  arrived  at 
Columbus  about  4  p.  m.,  making  the  time  of  riding 
24i  hours  for  about  100  miles. 

Before  leaving  Toledo,  Mr.  Osborn  had  made 
arrangements  for  going  to  Norvralk,  where  he 
arrived  July  18tb,  and  at  once  resumed  his 
practice  as  a  partner  of  Courtlaiid  L.  Latimer, 
which  relation  was  continued  for  15  years. 

November  26th,  Mr.  Osborn  and  Miss  Eliza- 
beth P.  Hartwell,  of  Columbus,  were  married 
by  Eev.  Dr.  Hoge,  of  the  First  Presbyterian 
Church  of  that  City.  Thence  the  couple  soon 
proceeded  to  Norwalk,  and  there  made  their 
home  until  their  removal  to  Toledo  in  1858, 
which  is  yet  (January,  1888)  the  home  of  Mr. 
Osborn,  Mrs.  Osborn  having  died  November 
15,  1884,  aged  65. 

The  articles  written  by  Hiram  Walbridge, 
and  referred  to  by  Mr.  Osborn,  appeared  in  the 
^^rtde  of  April  3d  and  17th  and  May  1,  1839. 
Mr.  W.  was  then  but  18  years  of  age.  The 
productions  fully  justify  the  favorable  mention 
by  Mr.  Osborn,  and  supply  valuable  historical 
facts,  some  of  which  are  not  elsewhere  found. 
Among  other  statements,  were  the  following; 

The  site  of  Toledo  continued  in  its  primitive  con- 
dition until  the  summer  of  1831,  when  a  small  settle- 
ment was  commenced.  The  following  Winter  the 
Town  was  platted,  in  lots  of  4x12  and  3.x9  rods  each. 
In  the  Summer  of  1832,  and  during  the  year  follow- 
ing, accessions  of  population  were  made ;  a  small 
wharf  commenced ;  a  warehou.se  erected ;  and  a 
building  for  a  hotel  enclosed.  The  Town,  meantime, 
received  the  name  of  "  Vistula" — from  that  of  the 
River  in  the  Southwest  of  Europe.  "  Port  Lawrence" 
— about  three-fourths  of  a  mile  West,  at  the  con- 
fluence of  Swan  Creek  and  the  Maumee  River— had 
been  commenced,  anil  the  Toledo  Housi'  (of  brick) 
finished.  This  season  two  mercantile  stores  were 
opened.  The  next  Winter  (1S33-4)  this  building  was 
destroyed  by  fire.  A  Steam  Mill,  raised  during  tliat 
Winter,  was  completed  tlie  fcjllowing  Summer.  In 
July,  1834.  the  two  Towns  were  united,  under  the 
name  of  Toledo.  A  press  (the  Toledo  Herald)  was 
established  at  that  time,  and  edited  by  J.  Irvine 
Browne.  But  one  large  Steamboat  arrived  during 
that  sea.son  (the  Daniel  Webster),  though  many  small 
boats  plied  between  Toledo  and  Detroit.  The  popu- 
lation of  the  united  Town  was  increased  to  300.    The 


672 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  IDCAS  COUNTY. 


following  Winter  much  was  done  toward  clearing  the 
land  of  its  heavv  timber,  as  a  portion  of  the  plat  was 
cleared  of  the  more  serious  encumbrance  of  a  question 
of  ownership.  The  season  of  1835  was  marked  by  rapid 
increase  in  population,  business  and  improvement. 
This  state  of  things  was  greatly  promoted  by  the  close 
of  the  "  Toledo  War,"  which  resulted  in  the  early 
location  of  the  Canal,  which  hinged  upon  the  boun- 
dary question.  Operations,  however,  were  not  a 
little  interrupted  by  the  continued  attempts  of  Mich- 
igan, through  most  of  the  season,  to  exercise  juris- 
diction here,  including  the  frequent  appearance  of 
armed  posses,  patrolling  the  Streets  and  vicinity. 

Mr.  Walbridge,  in  that  connection,  quoted 
the  Gibbon's  reference  to  the  career  of  an  am- 
bitious man  of  another  age,  as  follows  : 

The  march  of  Tarik,  from  the  Boctis  to  the  Tagros, 
was  directed  through  the  Sierra  Morena,  that  sep- 
arates Andalusia  and  Castile,  till  he  appeared  in  arms 
before  the  Walls  of  Toledo.  The  question  was  raised 
whether  the  future  historian  would  make  record  of 
"  nocturnal  marches  of  those  motley  collections,  who, 
plundering  as  they  advanced,  appeared  before,  not 
the  '  Walls '  of  the  Western  '  Toledo,'  but  directed 
their  way  to  its  very  center  and  there  encamped." 
The  Spring  of  1836  was  signalized  by  two  important 
events — the  appearance  of  the  Toledo  Blade,  and  the 
completion  of  the  American  Hotel.  This  was  the  year 
in  which  the  spirit  of  speculation  raged  most  furiously. 
The  Streets  were  thronged  with  people  given  up  to  the 
work  of  acquiring  sudden  wealth.  Industry  and 
economy  were  largely  abandoned  to  the  passion  for 
greed,  and  "paper  Cities"  appeared  on  every  hand. 
The  population  that  year  was  swelled  to  2,072  (ac- 
cording to  a  local  canvass);  with  41  mercantile  estab- 
lishments, with  Fall  purchases  of  $231,300 ;  six  hotels, 
renting  for  $5,100  per  annum  ;  six  warehouses,  whose 
advances  for  freight  that  season  amounted  to  $.54,000; 
35  mechanic  shops  ;  two  saw  mills,  using  four  saws  ; 
two  printing  offices,  two  newspapers,  one  of  which 
(the  Oazelte)  has  been  discontinued  ;  one  iron  foun- 
dry; four  lumber  yards;  12  lawyers,  offices,  etc.; 
three  School  houses  ;  390  Steamboat  arrivals,  beside 
small  boats  plying  between  Toledo  and  Detroit,  and 
211  arrivals  of  Schooners.  The  united  City  was  in- 
corporated in  the  winter  of  1836-7,  and  its  first  corpo- 
ration election  held  March  4,  1837. 

FLOODS. 

The  Maumee,  in  common  with  mo.st  other 
streams  of  any  considerable  size  and  extent,  has 
always  been  liable  to  overflow  its  banks  and 
fl-ood  adjacent  territory,  especially  at  the  break- 
ing up  of  heavy  ice.  The  damage  arising  from 
such  cause  has  been  much  greater  within  the  past 
20  years,  than  previously.  This  fact,  no  doubt, 
is  chiefly  due  to  two  causes — (1)  the  larger 
amount  of  destructible  property  which  recent 
improvements  have  brought  within  range  of 
such  floods ;  and  (2)  the  fact,  that  in  conse- 
quence of  improved  drainage,  by  ditching  and 
tiling,  surface-water  more  promptly  and  rapidly 
finds  its  way  to  the  River  from  the  adjacent 
lands.  The  latter  fact  has  special  bearing  in 
cases  of  "  breaking  up  "  of  the  River  after  a 
cold  Winter,  when  the  heavy  volume  of  water 
finds  the  ice  in  full  thickness,  unimpaired  in 
strength,  and  thus  more  formidable  for  damage 
than  when  weakened  and  partially  reduced  in 
thickness. 


Various  floods  of  note  are  recorded  of  this 
River;  although,  in  early  years  little  damage 
was  thereby  caused,  for  the  reason  that  there 
was  little  property  along  its  banks  to  be  in- 
jured. The  breaking  up  of  the  River  in  1832, 
swept  away  pretty  much  all  that  was  left  of  the 
pioneer  Town  of  the  Maumee  Vailej-,  the  once 
pretentious  "Orleans  of  the  North,"  located 
under  the  hill  on  which  stood  Fort  Meigs.  At 
the  date  named,  there  was  not  there  much  of 
value — little  more  than  remains  of  a  small 
Village  abandoned  to  decay  and  history.  The 
flood  of  1847  was  verj'  high,  covering  the  Cem- 
etery at  Maumee.  That  of  1849  carried  away 
the  Hubbell  Warehouse  on  the  River  at  Mau- 
mee. In  1855  the  water  was  eight  feet  deep  on 
the  Island  between  Maumee  and  Perrysburg. 

The  highest  water  then  known  in  the  Mau- 
mee River,  occurred  in  1849,  in  connection  with 
the  breaking  up  of  the  ice.  At  Miami,  it  tore 
the  front  of  J.  Austin  Scott's  warehouse  nearly 
off';  injured  Smith's  warehouse  some;  drowned 
four  horses  for  B.  F.  Hollister  at  Perrysburg  : 
threw  his  Canal  boats  from  their  stocks,  and 
ruined  400  barrels  salt  for  him  ;  carried  away 
Kirk's  slaughter-house,  the  ferr3'-hoiise,and  15 
head  of  cattle  from  the  Island  between  Perrys- 
burg and  Miami.  March  7th,  the  water  was 
much  higher  and  carried  awa}^  the  bridge  at 
Maumee,  and  completel}-  destroyed  the  ware- 
houses at  Miami.  Swan  Creek  bridge  at  To- 
ledo was  carried  away. 

The  floods  of  the  River  most  serious  in  dam- 
age to  property,  were  those  of  1867,  1881  and 
1883.  In  the  former  case  the  water  (February 
17th)  stood  at  a  depth  of  three  feet  in  Water 
Street  for  most  of  the  distance  between  Monroe 
and  Elm.  The  Cherry  Street  bridge,  then  the 
property  of  a  corporation,  was  carried  away  by 
the  water.  The  Middle  Grounds  were  com- 
pletely submerged,  the  water  standing  about  15 
inches  deep  on  the  floor  of  the  Island  House 
(the  hotel  in  connection  with  theUnion  Railroad 
Depot).  A  few  cellars  on  Water  Street  were  at 
that  time  entered  b}'  water,  and  small  damage 
caused. 

March  10,  1868,  was  an  ice  flood.  Water 
Street  and  the  Middle  Ground  were  submerged. 
A  portion  of  the  Cherry  Street  bridge  was  car- 
ried awaj'.  Two  of  the  abutments  were  in- 
jured. About  100  logs  jammed  in  under  the 
South  side  of  the  bridge,  having  been  swept 
away  from  Mitchell  &  Rowland's  Saw-mill. 
Part  of  the  boom  of  logs  owned  by  David 
Smith,  on  the  East  side,  was  swept  away. 

The  flood  of  1881,  in  its  damage,  was  the 
most  serious  in  the  history  of  the  River.  For 
a  week  preceding  February  11th,  there  was 
apprehension  of  an  unusual  freshet,  from  the 
movement  of  the  ice  then  rapidly  giving  way 
several  miles  above  Toledo.  The  main  cause 
for  alarm  consisted  in  the  heavy  fell  of  rain 
during  a  large  portion  of  the  period  named, 
which    had    both   increased   the   volume   and 


EVENTS  AND    PERSONS. 


firn 


strength  of  tlie  (-iirrent  and  weakened  the  ice. 
Step  by  step  the  burdened  flood  moved  down 
the  stream,  bringing  with  it,  beside  the  liber- 
ated ice,  large  quantities  ot  debris  of  various 
kinds.  About  7.30  v.  m.  of  the  11th,  the  ice  op- 
posite the  upper  jiortion  of  tlie  ('ity  began  to 
give  way.  The  first  damage  done,  consisted  in 
sweeping  away  logs  outside  the  boom  at 
Mitchell  &  Rowland's  and  Tracj-  Brothers' 
Mills,  on  opposite  sides  of  the  River,  in  thatlo- 
calit}'.  The  ice — 12  to  15  inches  thick — massed 
in  large  and  compact  bodies,  moved  with  tei'- 
rific  force.  The  Dayton  and  Jlichigan  Rail- 
road dock,  on  the  Bayou  through  which  the 
water  made  a  passage,  was  seriously  torn.  Four 
Schooners — the  Mediterranean,  Atmosphere, 
Dunford  and  Stalker — and  the  Steamer  Eme- 
rald, were  torn  from  their  moorings  and  taken 
along  by  the  current.  The  water  rose  to  such 
height  that  it  stood  several  feet  deep  in  Water 
Street  at  Adams,  and  in  Summit  at  Monroe. 
Water  Street  was  the  bed  of  a  strong  channel, 
in  which  passed  immense  cakes  of  ice,  with 
lumber  and  other  articles.  On  the  night  of  the 
12th,  water  stood  in  the  Island  House  about 
five  feet  deep.  Some 75  persons  were  spending 
the  night  in  the  house,  all  of  whom  were  kept 
inside  until  morning,  when  a  portion  left  by 
boats  for  higher  parts  of  the  <  "ity.  So  sudden 
was  the  rise  of  water,  that  i^assengers  who  had 
taken  berths  on  the  Wabash  train,  had  to  wade 
to  the  car  doors  in  getting  to  boats.  The  Penn- 
83'lvania  Railroad  Bridge  (crossing  the  River 
from  Elm  Street)  was  wrecked.  Railway  prop- 
erty' on  the  Middle  Ground  suffered  severely'. 
For  several  days  trains  were  unable  to  reach 
the  Passenger  Depot  or  the  Island  House.  The 
Lake  Shore  trains,  for  most  of  the  time,  were 
enabled  to  pass  East  and  West  on  a  branch  of 
the  "  Y,"  at  the  West  end  of  the  Middle  Ground, 
leaving  and  taking  passengers  on  its  tracks, 
near  the  Broadway  bridge.  The  lumber  dis- 
tricts suffered  severelj-.  The  mill  of  Mitchell 
it  Rowland  was  submerged  to  a  depth  of  8  or 
10  feet,  seriously  injuring  the  machinerj'.  Nel- 
son, Holland  &  Co.,  J.  B.  Kelley,  and  Barbour 
&  Starr,  were  also  heavy  losers,  their  aggregate 
losses  amounting  to  S30,000.  Merchants  and 
other  tenants  on  Water  Street,  and  on  Summit 
about  Perry  and  Monroe,  suffered  more  or  less 
from  inundation. 

In  addition  to  the  flood  caused  by  the  direct 
overflow  of  the  River,  was  that  arising  from 
the  backset  of  water  through  the  Sewers  con- 
nected with  the  River — mainly  that  of  Monroe 
Street. 

The  entire  loss  from  the  flood  was  estimated 
at  about  S1,000,000. 

The  next  and  latest  serious  flood  here,  was 
that  of  1883,  which,  in  the  rise  of  water  ex- 
ceeded all  of  its  predecessors,  so  far  as  we  have 
record.  It  occurred  in  Februaiy,  the  water 
being  highest  on  the  17th.  At  that  time,  the 
River  was  15  feet  abovetheordinary  stage,  and 


about  three  feet  above  thatof  1881.  The  extent 
of  damage,  however,  was  far  less  than  of  that 
year.  The  water  stood  five  feet  deep  in  the 
office  of  the  Island  House,  being  about  six  in 
the  adjoining  de))ol.  The  Wabash  Elevatorson 
the  River  were  flooded  to  the  depth  of  five  feet. 
The  Union  Hailroa<l  Bridge  (belonging  to  the 
Wabash  and  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Comjja- 
nies)  lost  a  span  ;  the  PenTisylvania  Briilgo, 
three  spans;  while  threeof  the  fourspans  of  the 
Cherry  Street  WagoTi  Bridge  (then,  as  now,  the 
jirojierty  of  the  City),  were  swept  away.  Tlie 
damage  caused  by  the  water,  consisted  more  in 
the  propei'ty  submerged,  than  in  that  carried 
away.  This  was  sustained  chiefly  in  cellars  of 
warehouses,  stores  and  dwellings,  which  were 
reached  both  from  the  River  directand  thi'ough 
the  Sewers  connecting  the  lower  i)ortion  of  the 
City  with  the  River.  Many  dwellings  were 
subjected  to  serious  inconvenience  and  damp- 
ness for  weeks  after  the  subsidence  of  the 
water.  At  the  time,  much  apprehension  was 
felt  as  to  subsequent  sickness  to  arise  from  such 
condition  ;  but  such  alarm  was  not  justified  by 
the  fact,  vei'v  little  disease  resulting  from  such 
cause. 

THE  -'COLL)  NEW  YEAR'S." 

The  1st  day  of  .lanuary,  1864,  was  made 
specially  memorable  in  this  country  on  ac- 
count of  the  extraordinary,  if  not  unprece- 
dented change  of  temperature  which  occurred 
the  preceding  night.  At  9  o'clock  P.  m.,  it  was 
raining  at  Toledo,  with  every  indication 
observable  of  a  wet  New  Year's.  About  11 
o'clock  the  rain  turned  to  snow,  and  soon  a 
strong  "Nor'wester"  set  in,  when  the  tem- 
perature rapidly  fell  until  6  a.  m,  when  the 
thermometer  stood  at  12°  to  15°  below  zero. 
The  range  in  temperature  for  the  five  days 
ending  January  4th,  was  as  follows: 

December  31st— Highest  point,  9  v.  m.,  V2°  above 
zero  ;  mean  for  the  day,  38°  above. 

January  1st— Mean,  11.06°  below  zero;  lowest. 
(9  p.  M.),  15°  below. 

January  2d— Mean,  .5.33°  below;  lowest  (7  a.m.), 
13°  below.' 

January  3d— Mean,  11°  above  ;  lowest  (7  a.  m.),  5° 
below. 

January  -tth— At  7  a.  m.,  8°  above. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  range  from  9  p.  m..  Decem- 
ber 31st,  to  the  same  hour  next  day,  was  57  degrees. 

The  effect  of  this  state  of  things  was  seri- 
ously damaging  in  many  directions,  and 
especially  to  water  and  steam-pipes,  and  un- 
protected contents  of  vegetable  and  fruit 
cellars;  while  fruit  trees  were  much  injured, 
in  addition  to  the  destruction  of  buds. 

Thatextraordinai-y  change  extended  through- 
out the  West  and  South.  The  thermometer  at 
Chicago,  January  1st,  stood  at  30°  below;  in 
Central  Wisconsin  at  3S°  below;  at  Louisville, 
Kentucky,  at  19i°  ;  at  St.  Louis,  at  25°  ;  and  at 
FortSnelling,  Mfnnesota,  50°  below  zero.  The 
Mississipi  at  Cairo  was  frozen  over  sufficiently 


674 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


solid  for  crossing.  On  the  North  Missouri 
Eailroad  10,000  liogs  were  frozen  to  death, 
with  immense  numbers  of  cattle.  Soldiers  in 
different  parts  of  the  South  suffered  very 
severely  from  the  extreme  and  sudden  change, 
neither  their  clothing  nor  their  quarters  being 
suitable  for  such  state  of  things. 

An  incident  occurring  at  Green  Island,  near 
Put-in  Bay,  indicates  something  of  the  extent 
of  the  change  in  temperature.  On  the  night 
of  December  31st,  and  at  about  midnight,  the 
Light-house  there  took  fire,  and  burned  so 
ra])idly  that  Colonel  Ciiarles  F.  Drake,  the 
keeper,  and  his  household,  consisting  of  Mrs. 
Drake,  a  son  and  female  servant,  were  able  to 
secure  but  little  of  the  contents.  Included  in 
what  they  saved,  was  a  feather-bed.  The 
women  were  put  into  a  small  hen-house,  the 
only  remaining  building  on  the  Island,  where, 
%vith  aid  of  the  bed,  they  were  kept  from 
freezing.     The  Colonel  and  his  son  spent  the 


balance  of  the  night  in  keeping  as  comfortable 
as  the  burning  remains  of  the  building  would 
make  them.  The  fire  attracted  the  attention 
of  the  people  on  South  Bass  Island — about  half 
a  mile  distant — and  numbers  of  them  came  to 
the  shore,  expecting  to  cross  and  extend  relief 
to  the  party  burned  out;  but  so  rough  was  the 
water,  that  no  boat  would  have  survived  it, 
and  they  were  compelled  to  postpone  any 
attempt  to  cross  until  morning.  When  morn- 
ing came,  so  great  had  been  the  change  in 
temperature  within  6  or  8  hours,  that  they 
were  enabled  to  cross  to  Green  Island  on  the 
ice,  formed  meantime. 

Probably  the  most  extreme  change  in  tem- 
perature during  Summer  months,  occurred  in 
Jul}-,  1846,  when  on  the  10th  the  thermometer 
indicated  98°,  and  the  16th,  32°. 

In  one  year  the  thermometer  on  the  4th  of 
July  indicated  a  lower  temperature  at  Toledo 
than  it  did  on  the  Ist  of  January  previous. 


cy/tAPiyy-^/JAJ     y^ OiyC-CX-.o^-t^'^^ 


CHAPTER    IT. 


PERSONAL    MENTION. 


MARQUIS  BALDWIN  was  born  in  ralinj-ra, 
Portage  L'ounty,  Ohio,  January  22,  IHOD,  being 
tbe  fourtb  son  of  John  T.  Baldwin,  of  wiiose  rela- 
tions and  those  of  his  family-  to  Toledo  and  the 
Maumee  Valley,  mention  is  made  elsewhere. 
Coming  to  Toledo  in  1823,  at  tbe  age  of  14, 
he  entered  upon  his  business  life  in  connection 
witb  his  brother  John,  in  1828,  in  whiub  he 
was  engaged  for  three  years.  In  1845  be  re- 
moved to  a  farm  in  Washington  Township, 
where  be  remained  for  16  j-ears,  since  which 
time  he  has  resided  in  Toledo.  For  a  few  years 
after  bis  removal  to  tbe  City  be  carried  on  tbe 
Grocery  and  Provision  trade,  but  of  late  j'ears  bas 
lived  retired  from  business  and  devoted  bis  time 
to  the  care  and  management  of  bis  property. 
Mr.  Baldwin  was  married  June,  30,  1839,  witb 
Eliza  Rebecca  Roe,  widow  of  his  brotber  Jobn. 
Mrs.  Baldwin  bas  bad  five  children,  tbree  by 
ber  first  marriage,  as  follows  :  Cornell  Roe, 
born  Marcb  6,  1830,  died  May  3,  1870  ; 
Eurania,  born  September  4,  1832,  the  wife  of 
Robert  Simpson  Janney;  and  Eliza  T.,  born 
February'  14,  1835,  tbe  wife  of  Jobn  A.  Chase. 
Botii  children  by  ber  second  marriage  are  dead. 
Their  names  were:  Mary  Louisa,  born  Sep- 
tember 8,1840,  died  July  27,  1845;  and  Charles 
J.,  born  November  14,  184(i,  died  February  15, 
1849.  A  conspicuous  feature  of  Mr.  Baldwin's 
father's  family  was  the  unanimity  of  purpose 
and  friendly  feeling  which  animated  the  father 
and  sons.  For  years,  they  labored  together  in 
every  undertaking,  without  tbe  least  discord,  for 
a  common  purpose  and  advancement.  "In  all 
these  years,"  says  Mr.  Baldwin,  "  we  never  bad 
a  disagreement  on  financial  matters."  To  Mr. 
Baldwin  it  seems  almost  like  tbe  work  of 
magic,  when  he  recalls  the  remarkable  changes 
which  have  occurred  in  this  region  during  the 
last  65  years.  In  politics,  Mr.  Baldwin  was 
originally  a  Democrat,  but  since  tbe  formation 
of  tbe  Republican  party  bas  been  allied  to  that 
organization.  Often  urged  to  accept  political 
oflice,  he  bas  ever  declined  to  become  an  office- 
holder. His  taste  and  inclinations  have  never 
led  bim  to  desire  political  preferment.  Natu- 
rallj'  retiring  in  disposition,  he  has  found  bis 
greatest  pleasure  in  living  quietly  and  without 
ostentation;  and  throughout  a  long  life  has 
ever  retained  the  respect  and  esteem  of  all 
who  know  him. 

Prominent  among  tbe  early  settlers  of  this 
County,  were  John  Phillips  and  his  family, 
consisting  of  two  sons  (Philip  I.  and  Henry), 
and    seven   daughters.     They    came   in    1826, 


making  Ibo  entire  journc\'  fruni  Onondaga 
County,  New  York,  with  their  own  team.  The" 
elder  son  (Philip  I.)  made  a  trip  for  observa- 
tion the  preceding  year,  when  be  bargained 
for  what  is  known  as  the  "  Machen  Tract,"  now 
within  tbe  City  limits  and  on  Collingwood 
Avenue,  but  such  trade  was  never  consum- 
mated. The}'  purchased  the  property  since 
known  as  tbe  "Richards  farm,"  one-half  of 
which  is  now  embraced  in  VVoodlawn  Ceme- 
tery. In  1828,  the  liealtb  of  I'liiliji  1.  had  be- 
come so  far  impaired  by  malarial  disease, 
that  be  was  compelled  to  leave,  when  be 
returned  to  tbe  East,  where  ho  regained  his 
health,  and  returned  to  Ohio,  bringing  witb  ' 
bim  a  wife  and  a  nephew  (Charles  B.  Phillips), 
then  eight  years  of  age.  Tbe  latter  grew  up 
with  such  advantages  as  a  new  country 
afforded.  While  yet  young,  he  entered  upon 
a  business  activity,  which  continued  for  nearlj' 
half  a  century.  At  one  time  he  was  Cashier  of 
the  Bank  of  Toledo;  afterward,  witb  C.  A. 
King  and  Alva  Buckingham,  owned  and 
conducted  the  Grain  Elevator  now  owned  by 
C.  A.  King;  then  became  a  partner  with  Jobn 
H.  Whitaker  in  the  Wholesale  Hardware  trade 
(from  185(5  to  187i));  dui-ing  that  time,  in 
connection  with  Mr.  Whitaker  and  Wm.  Wil- 
mington, running  the  Toledo  Car  Works;  was 
largel3-  interested  in  real  estate,  and  building 
different  valuable  blocks.  He  was  for  many 
years  actively  identified  witb  the  Militia  .sys- 
tem of  tbe  State,  serving  in  everj'  grade  from 
4th  Corporal  to  Brigadier-General.  In  1864, 
be  commanded  tbe  130th  Regiment,  Ohio  Vol- 
unteer Militia.  The  elder  membei-s  of  tbe 
Phillips  family  lived  and  died  in  the  County, 
except  the  youngest  daughter  (.Mrs.  Orren  W. 
C.  Bronson,  the  motbei'  of  John  P.  Bronson,  of 
Toledo),  who  resides  at  Lansing,  Michigan. 

Among  tbe  early  settlers  of  Toledo,  was 
William  H.  Raymond.  He  wasborn  at  Storm- 
ville,  Dutchess  County,  New  York,  in  1817, 
whence  tbe  familj'  removed  to  Patterson,  New 
York,  in  1826.  When  19  years  of  age  (in  1836), 
be  came  to  Toledo,  as  a  clerk  in  tbe  Store  of 
V.  H.  Ketcham,  who  then  had  recently  en- 
gaged in  trade  there.  In  1838,  Mr.  Raymond 
went  to  Michigan  and  Indiana,  in  search  of  a 
new  home,  but  soon  returned  to  Toledo  and  re- 
sumed the  service  of  Jlr.  Ketcbaiu,  continuing 
tbe  same  until  1844,  when  he  engaged  in  tlie 
Flour  and  Lumber  business,  operating  mills  in 
the  manufacture  of  both.  He  was  also,  for 
some  years,  proniiuent   in  merchandise  trade, 


[675] 


67fi 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


and  otherwise  identified  with  the  business  of 
the  Cit\-.  Meeting  with  financial  reverses,  Mr. 
Eaymond  in  1864  removed  his  family — then 
consisting  of  wife  and  five  danghtei's — to  San 
Francisco,  California,  where  he  now  resides. 
He  engaged  in  Silver  Mining,  purchasing  what 
came  to  be  known  as  the  "Raymond  and  Ely" 
mine,  which  was  made  to  produce  7  per  cent, 
per  month,  but  ere  long  was  ruined  by  a  sub- 
terranean overflow  of  water,  leaving  its  owner 
penniless.  Nothing  daunted,  he  continued  work- 
ing and  hoping  for  ultimate  success.  His  inter- 
est in  Toledo  was  not  severed  bj^  his  removal. 
While  in  prosperity  (in  ISTH),  he  pui-posed  en- 
dowing the  "University  of  Arts  and  Trades," 
and  to  that  enii  authorized  the  purchase  of  the 
Church  building  at  the  corner  of  Adams  and 
Tenth  Streets  (afterwards  known  as  Raymond 
Hall),  for  use  in  the  beginning  of  the  work  of 
the  University,  toward  the  cost  of  which  be 
contributed  the  sum  of  §15,000.  This  property 
is  now  owned  by  the  Central  Congregational 
Church.  Samuel  A.  Raymond,  a  brother  of 
William  H.,  and  four  years  his  junior,  came  to 
Toledo  while  young;  went  to  St.  Joseph, 
Michigan,  for  a  few  years;  and  returned  to 
Toledo,  where  he  was  in  business,  including 
the  Lumber  trade.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  the  Ohio  Legislature  of  1857-8  ;  and  was 
Collector  of  Internal  Revenue  for  the  Toledo 
District.  He  left  Toledo  in  18(56,  for  California, 
and  now  resides  in  San  Francisco.  Henry 
Ray  mond— 3'oungest  of  11  children  of  the  same 
family— passed  his  early  years  in  Toledo. 
When  scarcely  18  years  of  age,  he  volunteered 
in  the  Union  Army,  to  defend  the  Nation's 
life.  He  was  married  in  Toledo  with  Miss 
Isabel  Hammell,  and  in  1866  went  to  Nevada, 
and  engaged  with  William  H.  in  Silver  mining 
Subsequently,  he  removed  to  Oakland,  ami 
thence  to  Santa  Cruz,  California,  where  he  now 
resides.  Of  this  family  were  six  sisters,  two  of 
whom  married  Augustus  and  Frederick  Jud- 
son  ;  one  is  the  wife  of  Judge  George  R.  Haynes, 
of  Toledo;  and  Miss  Emily  Raymond,  author 
of  a  work,  entitled  "About  Chautauqua,"  is 
now  in  California. 

Mr.  Thomas  Daniels,  now  by  many  years 
the  Nestor  of  Toledo  Druggists,  came  to  the 
City  with  his  father's  family  in  1837.  His  first 
employment  here  was  as  clerk  in  the  Drug 
Store  of  Dr.  Charles  McLean— the  building 
(313  Summit  Street)  now  occupied  as  a  Bakery. 
Soon  after  his  arrival,  Mr.  Daniels  applied  for 
admission  to  a  private  School  tauirht  by  Hiram 
Walbridge,  then  a  young  man,  but  the  term 
was  just  closing,  and  Mr.  Daniels,  then  a  boy 
of  15  years,  had  no  further  School  privileges. 
At  the  time  of  his  coming  here,  the  Erie  & 
Kalamazoo  Railroad  had  recently  commenced 
business.  Edward  Bissell  then  lived  in  the 
frame  building  yet  standing  at  the  corner  of 
Summit  and  Vine  Streets.  He  was  the  chief 
manager   of   the    Railroad,  and  his  office  and 


that  of  the  Railroad  Company  were  in  the 
small  frame  building  near  his  residence.  The 
balance  of  the  space  bounded  by  Cherry,  Sum- 
mit and  Vine  Streets  and  the  bluff  in  tlie  rear, 
constituted  Mr.  Bissell's  garden. 


OFFICE  OF  EDWARD   BISSELL,  AND  ERIE   AND 
KALAMAZOO  RAILROAD. 

When  Mr.  Daniels  came,  a  large  tree  stood 
near  the  center  of  the  crossing  of  Summit 
and  ('herry  Streets  ;  while  from  Huron  Street, 
out,  no  stumps  had  been  removed  from  Cherry 
Street, the  teams  being  compelled  to  find  their 
way  as  best  they  could.  The  road  connecting 
Upper  and  Lower  Towns  lay  along  the  bank 
of  the  narrow  bluff  between  the  River  and  Mud 
Creek,  at  Oak  Street  being  wide  enough  only 
for  the  road.  Mr.  Daniels  has  skated  from 
about  the  corner  of  Superior  and  Orange 
Streets,  by  circuitous  route,  mainly  on  Mud 
Creek,  to  Monroe  Street.  At  Adams  Street, 
the  width  of  the  original  ridge  is  seen  in  the 
space  between  the  South  side  of  Summit  and 
the  site  of  Trinity  Churcli,  immediately  below 
which  lay  Mud  Creek. 

AMASA  BISHOP.  One  ot  the  earliest  set- 
tlers in  Lucas  County  was  Amasa  Bishop,  who 
came  from  Woodstock,  Conn.,  in  1824,  and 
])urchased  160  acres  of  land  surrounding  his 
late  residence,  corner  of  Detroit  Avenue  and 
Monroe  Street,  Toledo.  Mr.  Bishop  was  born 
in  Woodstock,  Windham  County,  Connecti- 
cut, February  20, 1799.  He  was  a  son  of  Ebene- 
zer  and  Sally  (Lyons)  Bishop.  His  father  was 
a  physician,  and  jjracticed  his  profession  for 
several  years  at  Woodstock,  and  died  at 
Woodstock  in  1834.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
passed  the  eaidy  years  of  his  life  in  working  on 
his  father's  farm  and  gaining  an  education  in 
the  Public  Schools  of  that  period.  At  the  age 
of  25,  with  the  earnings  that  patient  industry 
had  accumulated,  he  left  his  native  place  de- 
termined to  seek  his  fortune  in  what  at  that 
day  was  the  "  far  West."  His  journey  was 
long  and  tedious,  several  weeks  being  spent 
upon  the  route,  attended  with  all  the  priva- 
tions and  hardships  endured  by  the  early  pio- 
neer in  a  country  at  that  time  almost  without 
white  inhabitants.  At  that  period,  said  Mr. 
Bishop,  there  were  only  abotit  125  white  per- 
sons in  the  Teiiitorj  now  cnibiactd  by  Wafh- 


^^Z^<:^-ZX3^^ .  (^t^^^^y^ 


PERSONAL  MENTION. 


B77 


ingtou,  Sylvania,  Oregon,  Adams  and  White- 
ford  Townships,  in  tliis  Count}-  and  in  Monroe 
County,  Michigan ;  while  in  the  original  limits 
of  the  City  of  Toledo  resided  but  seven  white 
families.  For  sevei-al  years  after  Mv.  Bishop's 
removal  to  this  section,  little  increase  in  the 
population  was  made.  Mr.  Bishop's  purchase 
of  land  was  made  from  the  Government,  the 
deed  being  signed  by  John  Qiiincy  Adams, 
then  President.  April  19,  1835,  Mr.  Bishop 
married  Catherine  Barnes,  a  daughter  of 
William  Barnes,  of  Middlesex  County,  Mass., 
who  was  a  descendant  of  one  of  the  earliest 
English  families  which  settled  in  that  part  of 
the  State.  The  issue  of  this  marriage  has  been 
four  children — Charlotte  A.,  born  January  2(t, 
1839;  Edwin,  born  January  28,  1841,  who  died 
from  the  effects  of  a  wound  at  the  battle  of 
Winchester,  while  serving  the  Union  cause 
during  the  Rebellion.  The  next  child,  Austin, 
was  born  December  2,  1842,  and  now  resides 
next  to  his  father's  late  residence.  The  last 
child,  Emily  Adelia,  born  in  184ti,died  in  i  nfancy. 
Mrs.Bishop  dieil  November  1, 187(J.  Mr.  Bishop, 
at  tiie  advanced  age  of  87  years,  enjoyed  good 
physical  health,  and  unimpaired  mental  vigor. 
His  personal  recollections  of  all  the  marvelous 
changes  which  have  taken  place  in  this  portion 
of  Ohio,  made  him  an  interesting  narrator  of 
the  stirring  scenes  from  the  period  of  the  first 
white  settler  down  to  the  present.  Mr.  Bishop 
ever  evinced  the  warmest  interest  in  all 
that  tended  to  advance  the  material  pros- 
perity of  the  home  of  his  adoption.  By  his 
liberality,  largely,  the  location  of  the  Milburn 
Wagon  Works  was  secured,  he  donating  all  of 
the  original  land  upon  which  the  Works  were 
erected,  thus  enhancing  the  value  of  jjroperty 
in  that  section  of  the  Citj',  and  assisting  the 
establishment  of  an  enterprise  which  has  been 
of  immeasurable  benefit  to  the  City.  In  politics 
Mr.  Bishop  was  originallj'  a  Whig,  and  upon 
the  formation  of  the  Republican  party  naturally 
drifted  into  that  organization,  and  ever  took 
a  keen  interest  in  public  affairs,  but  never  was 
a  seeker  of  political  office.  At  one  time  he  was 
Township  Assessor,  and  held  other  minor  local 
offices  of  trust,  without  profit.  From  18(50, 
Mr.  Bishop  was  a  member  of  the  Monroe 
Street  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  and  was 
long  the  oldest  living  member  of  the  same.  He 
was  ever  an  active  and  consistent  adherent  of 
the  Church,  serving  for  many  years  as  Class- 
Leader,  Steward  and  Trustee.  He  heard  in 
1833  the  first  sermon  preached  in  what  is  now 
the  City  of  Toledo.  The  preacher's  name  was 
Elijah  H.  Pilcher,  and  the  discourse  was  deliv- 
ered in  the  house  of  Elkanah  Briggs,  on  La- 
grange Street.  Ilis  practical  interest  in  the 
Church  of  his  choice  and  its  great  work,  was 
indicated  by  a  donation  of  $23,000  to  the  Ohio 
Wesleyan  University,  beside  liberal  sums  to 
other  institutions  and  enterprises.  For  many 
years  his  health  was  feeble,  as  the  result  of  ex- 


tended (lavs  of  activity;  but  he  was  able  to 
maintain  some  degree  of  vigor,  until  within 
the  year  1887,  when  vitality  gradually  (iiiled 
until  the  end  of  life,  which  came  to  him  on  a 
Sabbath  raoi'iiing  (January  8,  1888),  the  day  of 
all  the  week  on  which  ho  would  have  preferred 
to  enter  upon  "  the  rest."  Ajiprojiriate  services 
were  held  at  the  Church  he  so  long  loved  and 
served,  when  the  remains  were  deposited  in 
Woodlawn  Cemetery,  quite  near  to  tlie  locality 
where  his  active  life  was  .spent. 

David  Burritt  Scott  was  born  in  Ridgelicid, 
Connecticut,  0('tober31,  1803,  in  a  house  built 
by  a  great-great-grandfather,  about  1690.  He 
lived  there,  working  on  a  farm  when  old 
enough  for  such  service,  until  20  years  of  ago, 
having  the  school  jirivileges  common  to  those 
days.  At  21  he  started  on  horseback  for 
Columbia,  South  Carolina,  vvhere  he  studied 
medicine,  receiving  his  diploma  in  1827. 
Thence  he  went  to  Central  Georgia,  and  there 
successfully  practiced  medicine  for  about  nine 
years,  when  he  returned  to  the  North,  coming 
to  Lucas  County  in  1837.  Here  he  had  been 
preceded  by  his  brothers  .lessup  W.  and  J. 
Austin  Scott.  From  Buffalo  to  Toledo,  he 
made  the  passage  bj-  the  steamer  Commodore 
Perry,  Captain  David  Wilkison.  He  settled 
at  Miami,  where  he  made  investments  and 
directed  his  attention  to  farming  and  real 
estate.  Some  30  years  since  Dr.  Scott  removed 
to  Toledo,  which  has  since  been  his  residence. 
He  purchased  lot  268,  Port  Ijawrence  Division, 
for  $450  ;  held  it  until  rentals  had  reimbursed 
his  investment,  and  then  sold  it  for  §16,000.  He 
also  purchased  lots  now  occupied  by  the  Penn- 
sylvania Railroad  Depot  (foot  of  Chestnut 
street),  for  §6,000,  and  sold  them  for  $14,000. 
Also,  purchased  lot  768,  Port  Jjawrence  (Indi- 
ana Avenue),  for  $1,200;  which  is  now  held  at 
$11,500.  While  in  Georgia,  Dr.  Scott  was 
married  with  Miss  Mary  Ann  Finno}-.  of  the 
Calhoun  famil}-,  who  died  at  Miami  in  1848. 
They  had  four  children — May  Elizabeth  (Mrs. 
John  H.  Moulton) ;  (Charles  B.,  now  in  .Santa 
Monica,  California;  Julia  S  ,  wife  of  Courtland 
Brown,  Toledo ;  and  Jessup  W.,  of  Santa 
Monica,  California.  In  1851,  Dr.  Scott  was 
married  with  Miss  Lydia  W.  Knight,  of  Mau- 
mee,  his  present  wife. 

William  Laughlin  was  boi-n  September  15, 
1808,  in  Beaver  Count}-,  Pcnnsj'lvania.  He 
came  from  Massillon,  Ohio,  to  Toledo,  in  1846, 
and  started  a  Saddle  and  Harness  Shop  in  a 
building  on  the  present  site  of  the  Merchants' 
Hotel,  103  and  105  St.  Clair  Street.  He  soon 
built  a  shop  on  the  East  side  of  Summit  Street, 
next  to  the  site  of  the  Merchants'  Xational 
Bank.  In  1840,  renting  his  shop,  Mr.  Laugh- 
lin purchased  a  Canal  Boat  and  took  charge  of 
the  same.  Subsequentlj%  he  built  others, 
w-hich  were  run  on  both  the  Miami  and  Wa- 
bash Canals — sometimes  freighting  and  some- 
times trading  in   produce.     He  w-as  thus  eu- 


678 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


gaged  until  1856,  when  he  disposed  of  his 
boats,  and  for  some  _year8  was  engaged  in  the 
Lumber  trade  at  Toledo.  He  still  resides  in 
the  Cit}-. 

Among  the  verj*  earliest  white  settlers  of  the 
Maumee  Valle}-,  was  Paul  Guire,  a  Frenchman, 
born  near  the  mouth  of  the  Eiver,  April  13, 
1815.  His  grandfather  was  born  in  France, 
and  settled  at  Detroit  in  1772,  where  Paul's 
father  was  born.  When  60  j-ears  of  age  (1875) 
Mr.  Guire  had  not  been  more  than  seven 
miles  from  the  Bay  Settlement,  the  place  of 
hi.s  birth — never  was  in  a  Railroad  car,  or  on 
a  Steamboat,  although  the  latter  had  been  daily 
passing  within  his  sight  for  the  most  of  his 
life,  which  had  been  devoted  to  farming,  fish- 
ing and  hunting.     He  had  six  children. 

A  man  named  Haile,  with  his  familj'  left  St. 
Lawrence  County,  New  York,  in  August,  1827, 
for  the  West.  At  Buffalo  tliey  took  passage 
on  board  the  Steamboat  Niagara,  Captain  Stan- 
nard,  for  Toledo.  After  passing  two  nights  on 
the  Lake,  they  reached  Toledo  the  third  day, 
being  Sej)tember  1st.  Subsequently  Mr.  Haile 
.stated  that  the  Town  then  consisted  of  a  wharf, 
a  small  frame  storehouse  and  four  or  five  dwell- 
ings. He  was  offered  four  acres  on  the  hill,  in 
what  is  now  the  heart  of  the  City,  for  his 
team.  Declining  such  offer  he  proceeded  on 
his  trip,  and  afterwards  invested  in  a  City 
named  Singapore,  of  which  it  is  said  not  a 
single  building  now  remains. 

SAMUEL  BLANCHARD  is  a  descend- 
ant, succes8ivel3-,  of  three  Samuel  Blanchards. 
His  mother  was  Mercy  (Ewers)  Blanchard, 
and  he  was  born  in  Great  Valley,  Cattaraugus 
County,  New  York,  September  20,  1823.  Both 
parents  were  born  in  Massachusetts,  the  father 
being  a  brother  of  Thomas  Blanchard,  the 
noted  inventor,  of  Mas.sachusetts,  who  died  in 
18()4.  The  son  was  but  three  months  old  when 
his  father  died.  He  remained  with  his  mother 
until  he  was  seven  years  old,  when  he  was 
given  to  an  aunt,  the  wife  of  Horace  Thacher, 
with  whom  he  made  his  home  until  he  arrived 
at  manhood.  In  June,  1834,  the  family  came 
to  Toledo,  which  has  since  been  Mr.  Blan- 
chard's  home.  His  educational  privileges  were 
chiefly  such  as  were  found  in  log  School 
houses,  but  were  so  fully  improved,  that  he 
w-as  enabled  to  qualify  himself  at  an  early 
date  to  teach  School,  which  he  did  in  the  years 
1843  and  1844,  in  District  No.  Six,  Bedford 
Township,  Monroe  County,  Michigan,  his  cer- 
tificates authorizing  his  employment  as  Teacher 
bearing  the  signatures  of  Farley  McLouth  and 
C.  F.  W.  I^awson  (the  latter  still  living).  For 
some  time  Mr.  Blanchard  served  as  a  Clerk  of 
Horace  Thacher,  then  County  Eecorder,  the 
office  being  in  Maumee.  Subsequently,  he 
acted  as  Deputy  County  Auditor,  and  in  other 
capacities  in  the  County  offices  at  Maumee  and 
Toledo.     In  1857  he  was  appointed  as  County 


Treasurer,  serving  for  a  few  months  and  in 
October  of  same  year  was  elected  to  that  office 
for  two  years.  In  1861,  he  was  appointed 
Deputy  Postmaster  at  Toledo,  and  continued 
as  such  until  1866.  Since  the  latter  date  his 
attention  has  been  chiefly  directed  to  the  man- 
agement of  his  farm  interests.  When  14  years 
of  age,  he  made  profession  of  the  Christian 
fiaith,  and  united  with  what  is  now  the  West 
Toledo  Methodist  E])i8copal  Church.  This  re- 
lation he  has  held  for  over  50  years,  with 
active  usefulness,  much  of  the  time  serving 
as  Trustee  and  Recording  Steward.  As  a  relic 
of  early  times,  the  following  certificate  will  be 
of  interest  in  this  connection: 

This  Certifies,  That  Samuel  Blanchard  was  re- 
ceived, on  trial,  into  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church,  on  Toledo  Circuit,  Michigan  Conference, 
May  20,  1837.  ,      Austin  Coleman, 

Circuit  Preacher. 

Politically,  Mr.  Blanchard  was  originally  a 
Whig,  with  which  organization  he  acted  until 
the  Republican  party  was  organized,  of  which 
he  is  now  an  earnest  supporter.  He  has  ever 
taken  a  deep  and  active  interest  in  what- 
ever concerned  the  moral  or  material  well- 
being  of  his  fellow-citizens,  and,  as  occasions 
offered,  has  co-operated  in  such  measures  as 
promised  the  common  welfare.  Throughout 
his  active  life,  he  has  avoided  the  use  of  alco- 
holic drinks  and  of  tobacco  in  every  form,  and 
has  been  an  active  friend  of  the  Temper- 
ance cause,  as  of  all  movements  for  the  pro-  m 
motion  of  public  and  private  morals.  June  8,  I 
1851,  Mr.  Blanchard  was  married  at  Maumee, 
with  Miss  Esther  A.  Potter,  daughter  of  Captain 
Freeborn  Potter,  at  one  time  a  member  of  the 
Ohio  Legislature.  They  have  four  living 
children — Freeborn  P.,  Samuel  S.,  Fred  L., 
and  Julia  B.  Blanchard,  all  residing  in  Toledo. 

As  part  of  the  personal  history  of  Toledo, 
may  be  mentioned  the  fact  that  the  eminent 
singer,  Emma  Abbott,  in  this  City  is  believed 
to  have  received  her  first  substantial  support 
in  the  struggle  for  professional  success  which 
has  been  so  marked.  She  was  born  in  Wiscon- 
sin, in  1850.  When  18  years  of  age,  she  went 
to  Chicago,  hoping  there,  by  singing  in  a 
choir,  to  obtain  means  for  the  development  of 
the  musical  talent  which  she  was  confident  she 
possessed.  This  plan  was  defeatedfrom  the  fact 
that  she  could  not  read  music.  Thence  she  sat 
out  for  New  York,  hoping  there  to  meet  en- 
couragement in  some  form.  On  her  way  she 
stopped  over  at  Toledo,  arriving  there  January 
29,  1869.  Here  she  met  with  the  same  em- 
barrassment as  in  Chicago,  from  inability  to 
read  music,  although  her  voice  was  admired. 
It  so  happened  that  during  her  stay  in  Toledo, 
M.  Strakosch's  Concert  Troupe,  including  Miss 
Kellogg,  were  in  the  City,  and  she  visited 
the  hall,  and  during  the  concert  arranged  with 
M.  Stj-akosch  that  after  the  concert,  she  should 


n-.r.  -'!>  -  ■L."' ;  -'ly --y. 


PERSONAL  MENTION. 


67fl 


have  a  bearing  bj-  biiii  anrl  tbe  members  of 
liis  company.  Subsequentlj-,  takini;;  the  stage 
with  M.  Strakosch,  with  Miss  Kellogg  and  the 
others  for  her  audience,  she  rehearsed  several 
of  the  pieces  she  had  learned  by  the  ear. 
Suffice  it  to  say,  that  the  result  was  all  Miss 
Abbott  could  wish,  and  far  more  than  she 
dared  to  hope  for.  The  test  over,  she  repeated 
her  history  and  her  purpose,  when  Miss  Kel- 
logg at  once  told  her  that  she  had  a  superb 
voice,  in  which  judt^mentM.  Strakosch  heartily 
joined.  The  result  then  was,  that  Miss  Abbott 
was  invited  to  a  seat  in  Miss  Kellogg's  private 
carriage  and  accompanied  her  to  tbe  Oliver 
House,  where  it  was  arranged  that  she  should 
proceed  to  New  Yf)rk,  with  letters  to  promi- 
nent musical  parties,  which  would  secure  her 
all  adequate  assistance  in  the  pursuit  of  her 
ambition.  In  time  a  situation  opened  for  her 
in  the  choir  of  a  Baptist  Church,  and  then  in 
that  of  Dr.  Chapin's  Church.  Her  subsequent 
professional  career  need  not  here  be  recited. 
The  ease  is  worthj'  of  mention,  for  the  general 
interest  taken  in  the  history  of  successful  pro- 
fessionals;  but  far  more  as  an  encouragement 
for  patient,  persistent,  hopeful  effort  in  the  pur- 
suit of  a  worthy  ambition  by  the  young, 
against  whatever  obstacles  maj-  be  met. 

OBITUARY. 

John  S.  Butman  died  in  Toledo,  March  28, 
1842.  He  was  a  prominent  and  successful  con- 
tractor in  the  construction  of  the  Canal,  the 
late  James  Myers  having  been  associated  with 
him.  Among  their  jobs,  were  the  locks  whereby 
connection  was  made  with  Sw'au  Creek.  Mr. 
Butman's  residence  had  been  for  nearly  20 
years  at  Milan,  Ohio,  during  which  time  he 
had  been  a  contractor  on  the  Pennsylvania 
Canal.  A  son,  John  Butman,  still  resides  at 
Milan. 

Ahira  G-.  Hibbard  died  in  Toledo,  March  8, 
1842,  aged  40  years.  He  came  to  Toledo  in 
1835,  and  soon  thereafter  engaged  in  trade,  in 
the  firm  of  A.  G.  Hibbard  &  Co.  He  gained  a 
prominent  and  exceptionally  honorable  stand- 
ing as  a  citizen  and  a  business  man.  In  Feb- 
ruary preceding  his  death,  he  was  elected  Asso- 
ciate Justice  for  Lucas  County. 

Micajah  T.  Williams  died  at  his  residence  in 
Cincinnati,  in  July,  1844.  For  30  years  he  had 
been  a  prominent  and  active  man  in  public 
affairs  in  Ohio.  While  much  of  the  time  a 
leader  in  political  matters,  he  was  no  less  a 
leader  in  business  and  educational  affairs.  As 
early  as  1817,  he  espoused  the  cause  of  Common 
School  education  and  of  Internal  Improve- 
ments, in  which  he  persevered  until  he  saw 
both  interests  adopted  and  well  advanced  as 
State  policies.  For  many  years  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  State  Legislature,  and  was  both 
Canal  and  Fund  Commissioner.  The  Cincin- 
nati Atlas,  at  his  death,  said  of  him:     "  Ohio 


owes  his  memory  a  debt  of  gratitude,  as  one  of 
her  ])rincipal  benefactors."  Mr.  Williams  was 
closely  identified  with  the  early  development  of 
Toledo  and  the  Maumee  \'alley.  He  was 
recognized  as  "one  of  the  earliest  of  those 
sagacious  men  who  selected  the  point  near  the 
mouth  of  Swan  Creek,  as  the  best  site  for  a 
Town  on  the  estuary  of  the  Maumee."  In 
1817,  as  believed,  he  advised  the  purchase  of 
tracts  one  and  two  in  the  12-miles  Koserve,  for 
the  location  of  the  Town  plat,  and  not  long 
after  he  became  interested  in  those  and  other 
tracts  near  them. 

Theodore  W.  Bissell  left  Ijivingston  Count}-, 
New  York,  in  1824,  and  went  to  Tecumseh, 
Michigan,  or  to  the  place  which  subsequently 
became  Tecumseh,  where  he  took  up  Govern- 
ment land,  and  was  married  with  Miss  Cynthia 
M.  Spofford,  daughter  of  Abner  Spotford,  who, 
with  his  family,  was  among  the  first  settlei-s  at 
that  point — that  being  the  first  marriage  of 
white  persons  in  what  is  now  Lenawee  Count}-, 
there  then  being  no  clergyman  West  of  Detroit 
and  Monroe.  In  1828  Mr.  I5issell  returned  to 
Lockport,  New  York,  where  he  remained  until 
about  1837,  and  then  came  to  Toleilo,  where 
his  brother  Edward  had  become  interested. 
Not  many  years  therealter  he  went  to  Texas 
and  died  there.  Mrs.  Bissell  subsequently  was 
married  with  W.  W.  Tilton,  who  settled  at 
Tecumseh  in  1825. 

William  Hollister  died  at  Buftalo,  New  York, 
May  25,1848,  of  apoplexy.  He  was  the  eldest 
of  10  brothers.  Accompanied  by  his  brother 
John,  he  came  to  Perrysburg  in  1810,  where 
for  several  years-  he  was  engaged  in  active 
trade,  chiefly  with  the  Indians,  there  laying  the 
foundation  for  the  ample  fortune  he  subse- 
quently acquired.  His  brothers  were  all  active 
men.  He  left  a  wife,  the  daughter  of  Major 
Coleman  I.  Iveeler,  of  Toledo. 

Daniel  Swift  died  at  Toledo,  September  17, 
1849,  aged  38  years.  He  was  born  at  Auster- 
litz,  New  York,  in  1811,  and  came  to  the 
Maumee  Yalley  in  1835,  engaging  largely  in 
conti'actsfor  the  construction  of' the  Miami  and 
Erie  Canal,  in  the  vicinity  of  Toledo.  Subse- 
quently he  was  actively  engaged  in  merchan- 
dizing, and  in  all  business,  social,  domestic  and 
other  relations  maintained  a  position  of  honor 
and  usefulness.    He  let!  a  wife  and  two  childreTi. 

Austin  E.  Wing  died   at  Cleveland,  August 

28,  1849.  Ho  was  for  many  years  a  leading 
public  man  of  Michigan,  residing  at  Monroe. 
For  several  years  he  was  a  Delegate  in  Con- 
gress from  Michigan  Territory,  and  thus  was  a 
Representative  in  that  body  of  the  disputed 
territory  now  within  Lucas  County,  including 
the  site  of  Toledo.  He  first  settled  in  Detroit, 
removing  from  there  to  Monroe. 

Stephen  B.  Comstock  died  at  Toledo,  August 

29,  1853.     He  was  among  the  earliest  and  most 


680 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


prominent  residents  of  Toledo,  having  gone 
there  from  Lockport,  New  York,  in  1832.  He 
was  actively  identified  with  the  Erie  and  Kala- 
mazoo Railroad. 

Alexander  H.  Ewing  died  at  Cincinnati, 
August  31,  1847,  in  his  45th  year.  He  was 
born  at  the  River  Eaisin,  Michigan,  in  1802, 
from  which  place  the  (aniily  re7noved  to  Piqua, 
Ohio,  during  the  war  of  1812-15.  Subse- 
quently, he  went  to  Cincinnati,  wiiere  he  was 
successful  in  business,  and  where  he  became 
prominent  in  the  promotion  of  moral  and  re- 
ligious movements.  At  the  time  of  his  death 
he  was  a  member  of' the  Second  Presbyterian 
Church.  The  Cincinnati  Atlas  spoke  of  him 
as  amiable  and  ardent  in  disposition;  in  char- 
acter, strong  and  decided  ;  and  in  attachments 
warm  and  constant.  Mrs.  Ewing  and  two  of 
three  .sons  (Wm.  A.  and  Alex.  H.  Jr.)  for  some 
years  resided  in  Toledo,  and  are  now  (1888)  in 
Chicago. 

Toledo,  March  !»,  1847,  Junius  Flagg,  aged 
45.  He  came  to  Toledo  in  1833,  and  with 
Theo.  Bissell,  opened  one  of  the  first  assort- 
ments of  goods  for  the  trade  of  white  people. 
He  had  been  a  clerk  of  Edward  Bissell,  at 
Geneseo,  New  York,  before  coming  to  Toledo. 
He  afterwards  opened  a  store  at  Conneaut, 
Ohio.  Soon  after  Lucas  County  was  organ- 
ized, in  1835,  he  was  made  its  Recorder,  which 
position  he  held  until  the  time  of  his  death. 
Junius  Flagg  (deceased),  Frank  Flagg,  and  Mrs. 
Susan  Bangs,  were  children  of  his. 

Toledo,  January  19, 1857,  George  C.  Hertzler, 
in  his  28th  year.  Few  j'oung  men  in  Toledo 
have  in  so  short  a  time  gained  the  position  in 
the  confidence  and  esteem  of  the  public,  as  did 
Mr.  Hertzler.  He  was  born  in  Marietta,  Lan- 
caster Countj-,  Pennsylvania,  the  (amih-  re- 
moving to  Vienna,  near  Toledo,  when  he  was 
six  years  old.  He  learned  the  printing  trade 
in  the  Blade  office.  In  184li,  at  the  age  of  19, 
he  entered  the  Commercial  Bank  as  bookkeeper, 
remaining  with  it  until  its  close,  when  he  be- 
came connected  with  the  City  Bank.  His  dis- 
ease was  inflammation  of  the  bowels,  which 
proved  fatal  in  48  hours  from  the  attack. 

Matthew  Johnson  died  at  Cleveland,  October 
31,  1861.  He  had  for  many  j-ears  been  prom- 
inent as  a  business  man,  at  Massillon,  Toledo 
and  Cleveland.  He  was  at  one  time  President 
of  the  Commercial  Bank,  and  a  leading  citizen 
of  Toledo.  Under  the  Buchanan  Administra- 
tion he  was  United  States  Marshal  for  the 
Northern  District  of  Ohio.  He  was  much  es- 
teemed in  private  life,  specially  social  and  gen- 
erous in  his  aid  to  the  needy. 

Colonel  John  Johnston  was  among  the  prom- 
inent men  of  Ohio  for  many  years,  and  es- 
pecially in  connection  with  the  Indian  tribes. 
He  first  came  to  the  West  as  an  attache  of  Gen. 
Wayne's  Army  in  1793.     In  1800  he  was  sent 


to  the  Maumee  Valley  as  an  Indian  Factor  or 
Agent,  with  headquarters  at  Fort  Wayne,  and 
afterwards  was  made  Indian  Agent,  which  po- 
sition he  held  for  the  remarkable  term  of  28 
years,  his  last  connection  in  that  capacity  hav- 
ing been  with  the  Wyandottes,  with  whom  he 
negotiated  the  treaty  in  1841-2,  for  their  lands 
at  Upper  Sandusky.  He  was  found  dead  in 
bed  at  Washington,  D.  C,  February  18,  1861, 
while  there  pressing  a  claim  of  $15,000  for  ser- 
vices as  Indian  Agent.  He  was  86  years  of  age, 
and  was  said  to  have  been  a  subscriber  to  the 
National  Intelligencer  for  60  jears. 

Lyman  Parcher  died  at  Toledo,  May  24,  1862, 
aged  57.  He  was  a  native  of  Vermont;  came 
to  what  is  now  Fulton  County  in  1836  ;  after- 
wards lived  at  Maumee  many  years  ;  and  while 
there  was  elected  to  the  Ohio  Legislature,  and 
held  different  County  offices. 

Andrew  Young  of  Toledo  died  in  Spring- 
field Township,  July  23,  1863.  He  had  long 
resided  in  Lucas  County,  having  been  employed 
as  Civil  Engineer  on  the  Wabash  and  Erie 
Canal  during  the  construction  of  that  work. 
He  was  a  prominent  and  active  member  of  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  Church  and  of  the  Ma- 
sonic order,  both  at  Maumee,  his  former  resi- 
dence, and  at  Toledo.  He  was  also  an  active 
member  of  the  Democratic  party,  and  is  said  to 
have  first  suggested  as  the  candidate  of  that 
party  for  Common  Pleas  Judge,  in  1854,  Thomas 
M.  Cooley,  then  a  resident  of  Toledo  ;  since  an 
eminent  Jurist  of  Michigan;  and  now  (1888) 
President  of  the  United  States  Inter-State  Rail- 
way Commission.  John  Fitch  was  his  success- 
ful competitor. 

Dwight  F.  Stow  died  in  Toledo,  November 
2,  1854,  aged  50  years.  His  widow,  Sophia, 
died  August  28,  1864,  aged  60  years. 

Thomas  Watkins,  Jr.,  a  prominent  and  hon- 
orable business  man  of  Toledo,  died  of  cholera, 
August  9,  1852.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Trade  and  of  Wapaukonica  Lodge, 
I.  O.  O.  F.,  which  bodies  bore  testimony  to  his 
personal  worth. 

John  D.  Campbell  was  born  in  Woodbury, 
New  Jersey,  in  1824.  While  young  he  went  to 
West  Point  as  a  Cadet,  where  he  remained  for 
two  j'ears,  and  until  by  failing  health  compelled 
to  leave.  Afterwards  he  was  employed  in  the 
construction  of  a  Vermont  Railroad,  and  on  the 
Pennsylvania  and  Vermont  Central  Roads.  In 
1854  he  came  West,  and  under  the  Superin- 
tendencj-  of  James  Moore  became  connected 
with  the  Michigan  Southern  Road,  being  As- 
sistant Sujierintendent  of  the  Eastern  Division 
of  that  line.  He  was  also  employed  in  the  con- 
struction of  the  Air  Line  branch  of  that  Road. 
LTpon  the  death  of  General  Superintendent 
Sam.  Brown,  in  1858,  he  succeeded  to  that  po- 
sition, which  he  held  at  the  time  of  his  death, 
which  occurred  in  Boston,  August  1,  1863.    He 


PERSONAL   MENTION. 


681 


left  Adrian,  his  residence,  July  23il,  on  u  pleas- 
ure trip  to  Boston,  being  in  remarkable  general 
health  and  exuberant  spirits.  In  such  condi- 
tion (July  2i)th),  ho  arranged  for  a  trip  to  New 
York  and  Saratoga,  and  retired  at  night.  8oon 
thereafter  he  was  taken  with  severe  pain,  which 
seemed  to  be  a  temporary  attack  of  colic,  but 
which  continued,  with  increasing  severity,  and 
terminated  in  his  death,  August  1st.  The  re- 
mains were  taken  to  Adrian,  Michigan,  of 
which  City  he  was  the  Mayor  at  the  time  of 
his  death,  where  they  were  interred  amid 
special  and  general  demonstrations  of  respect 
for  the  deceased.  Mr.  Campbell  was  in  manj- 
respects  a  remarkable  man,  and  especially  for 
his  indomitable,  persistent  energy  ;  his  excep- 
tional executive  ability,  and  his  extraordinary 
physical  and  mental  endurance — qualities 
which  alone  could  have  directed  with  success  a 
Railvva}'  in  the  financial  embarrassment  which 
attended  the  Michigan  Southern  Eoad  during 
most  of  the  time  of  his  management.  Such  was 
the  fame  of  his  Eailway  service,  that  in  18G2, 
he  was  tendered  the  position  of  Military  Super- 
intendent of  all  Railroads  under  Government 
control  for  War  purposes,  with  rank  of  Briga- 
dier General.  The  position  had  special  attrac- 
tions for  him,  but  the  Directorsof  the  Michigan 
Southern  Road  were  so  unwilling  for  him  to 
leave,  that  he  was  induced  to  decline  the  ap- 
pointment, when  General  Haupt  was  assigned 
to  the  place.  Mr.  Campbell's  hold  upon  the 
subordinate  employes  was  remarkable,  and  al- 
though one  of  the  severest  of  men  in  the  exac- 
tion of  fidelity  andenegetic  service,  he  was  re- 
spected and  beloved  bj' all.  Hisregard  for  them 
was  shown  a  short  time  before  his  death,  when, 
being  told  that  his  end  was  near,  and  asked  if  he 
had  a  message  for  the  employes  of  the  Road,  he 
promptly  responded,  "Tell  them  I  love  them  ; 
God  bless  them  !  "  About  1,000  of  them,  with 
President  Gilbert  and  several  Directors  of  the 
Company,  together  with  5,000  or  6,000  citizens, 
were  present  at  the  funeral.  This  remarkable 
coincidence  is  given  in  connection  with  Mr. 
Campbell's  relations  to  the  Railroad:  Some 
months  belore  his  death,  he  said  to  Schuyler 
Colfax,  then  a  Director,  "  The  Road  is  now 
about  out  of  debt,  and  when  I  can  give  its  long- 
suffering  Stockholders  a  dividend,  I  intend  to 
retire."  This  purpose  was  made  good,  for  the 
first  dividend  for  nianj-  years  was  declared  on 
the  1st  of  August,  in  New  York  ;  and  on  that 
verj'  morning,  in  Boston,  Mr.  Campbell  surren- 
dered his  trust  to  a  power  higher  than  Di- 
rectors. 

Mrs.  Maria  Waite,  wife  of  Peter  F.  Berdan, 
died  at  Toledo,  September  3,  1864,  aged  33 
years.  She  was  the  only  daughter  of  Hon. 
Henry  M.  Waite,  of  Lyme,  Conn.,  and  sister 
of  Chief  Justice  and  Richard  Waite.  She  was 
married  in  1852,  and  had  resided  at  Toledo  12 
years  at  the  time  of  her  death,  where  her  many 
superior  personal  qualities  attached    to  her  a 

44 


large  circle  of  warm  friends.  She  left  a  hus- 
band and  five  daughters, Mrs.  Walter  Shepard, 
of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.;  Mrs.  E.  C.  Bodman,  Mrs. 
Oliver  Rogers,  Mrs.  Rufus  H.  Baker  (now  de- 
ceased,) and  Miss  Julia,  of  Toledo. 

James  Dana  Smith  died  at  Toledo,  June  6, 
1864.  Ho  was  a  son  of  Col.  James  Smith,  one 
of  the  oldest  residents  of  Lyme,  Huron  County. 
He  was  born  at  Southington,  Conn.,  Feb.  26, 
1820.  His  business  life  began  at  Milan,  Ohio, 
about  1844,  where  he  was  engaged  in  produce 
and  commission  business.  In  1860  he  came  to 
Toledo,  and  engaged  in  the  same  trade.  Not 
long  thereafter,  in  connection  with  Capt  Geo. 
Rogers,  ho  established  a  Shi])-yard  at  Toledo. 
He  was  a  man  of  inflexible  integrity  and 
sound  judgment.  No  member  of  the  Board  of 
Trade  had  a  higher  personal  standing  than 
had  he.     He  left  a  wife  and  three  children. 

George  True,  United  States  Consul  at  Fun- 
chal,  Madeira,  died  at  that  place,  February  24, 
1864.  He  was  born  in  Maine,  and  with  the 
familj'came  to  Ohio,  settling  at  !Mount  Vernon, 
while  he  was  young.  Of  literary  turn  of  mind, 
he  early  directed  his  attention  to  letters.  At 
one  time  he  published  a  literary  journal,  the 
Genius  of  the  West,  at  Cincinnati.  In  the 
winter  of  1856-7,  he  came  to  Toledo,  and  be- 
came the  Local  and  Commercial  Editor  of  the 
Blade,  and  continued  as  such  until  the  sum- 
mer of  1861,  when  he  accejjted  the  position  of 
Secretary  for  Brigadier  General  C.  W.  Hill,  in 
command  in  Western  Virginia.  In  February, 
1862,  he  was  appointed  Consul.  He  died  of 
virulent  small-pox — being  the  only  case  of  that 
disease  occurring  on  the  Island  in  many 
months,  and  not  followed  bj'  any  other.  He 
had  formerlj'  been  the  subject  of  two  success- 
ful vaccinations.  Mr.  True  was  a  man  of  high 
character  and  exceptional  ability  as  a  writer. 
He  left  a  wife  and  two  children,  who  returned 
to  Mt.  Vernon. 

Roswell  P.  Ainger,  for  several  years  the  pro- 
prietor of  the  Island  House,  at  the  Union 
Depot,  Toledo,  died  there  December  2,  1864, 
aged  58  years.  Previouslj-  he  kept  the  hotel 
at  Cleveland  which  took  his  name,  and  is  now 
known  as  the  Kennard  House. 

Stephen  T.  Hosmer  died  in  New  York  City, 
March  5,  1865,  aged  58  years.  He  was  among 
the  earliest  printers  in  the  Maumee  Vallej'. 
In  1840,  he  published  the  Maumee  River  Times 
at  Maumee  City,  afterwards  selling  his  interest 
in  the  same  to  H.  T.  Smith,  and  coming  to 
Toledo  as  a  "jour,"  emplojed  on  the  Blade. 
About  1843  he  started  the  Reveille,  a  Whig 
paper,  at  Perrjsburg.  In  1849,  in  connection 
with  his  brother,  Hez.  L.  Hosmer,  he  became  a 
publisher  of  the  Blade,  but  ere  long  went  to 
New  York,  to  act  as  proof-reader  on  the  Herald, 
where  he  remained  until  his  death. 

Christian  Hertzler  died  at  Toledo,  January  6, 


682 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


1865,  aged  72year8.  Born  in  Lancaster  County, 
Pa.,  he  eamo'to  Monroe  County,  Michigan,  in 
1S34,  and  settled  on  a  farm,  now  the  site  of 
Vienna,  which  Village  he  laid  out  and  named. 
He  was  a  man  of  high  charcter  and  special 
energy. 

David  Anderson  died  at  Toledo,  January  8, 
18G5,  aged  57  years.  He  had  been  a  resident 
of  Toledo  for  about  10  years,  and  engaged  in 
the  book  trade  during  that  time,  Gen.  J.  W. 
Fuller  being  a  partner.  He  was  a  man  of  much 
energy  and  decision  of  character,  a  quality 
manifested  among  other  ways,  in  a  strong 
sympathy  for  fugitive  slaves  from  the  South, 
and  an  "  agent  of  the  Underground  Railroad," 
as  active  fz-iends  of  that  class  were  then  called, 
several  of  them  having  found  shelter  at  his 
residence  in  both  Cincinnati  (his  former  home) 
and  Toledo.  He  left  a  wife,  three  sons.  Mrs. 
Anderson  was  a  woman  of  superior  worth  and 
usefulness. 

Albert  V.  Stebbins  died  in  Toledo,  Septem- 
ber 2,  1865.  He  was  born  in  Saybrook,Conn., 
January  17,  1811,  and  first  came  to  the  Mau- 
mee  Valley  in  1837,  as  one  of  the  conti-actors 
for  the  construction  of  the  Wabash  and  Erie 
Canal,  an  important  section  of  that  work  near 
Napoleon  having  been  constructed  by  him. 
He  then  purchased  and  settled  on  a  liirm  in 
Henry  County.  lu  1842  he  was  elected  as 
Associate  Judge  by  the  State  Legislature. 
Subsequently  he  constructed  the  portion  of  the 
Plank  Road  between  Toledo  and  Swanton,  and 
was  a  contractor  on  the  Toledo  and  Wabash 
Railroad  between  Maumee  City  and  Defiance. 
In  1850  he  was  a  member  of  the  State  Consti- 
tutional Convention,  and  in  1852  removed  to 
Toledo,  and  built  the  block  on  Summit  Street 
between  Jefferson  and  Monroe,  now  known  as 
the  "Bee Hive."  Judge  Stebbins  was  a  man  of 
sound  judgment,  and  an  exemjjlary  citizen. 

Mrs.  Jerusha,  wife  of  Elijah  Crane,  and 
mother  of  Joel  W.  and  Elijah  G-.  Crane,  of 
Toledo,  died  at  Cleveland,  December  15,  1865. 
aged  74  years. 

Samuel  B.  Scott  died  at  Toledo,  December 
18,  1866,  aged  54  years.  He  was  born  in  Sara- 
toga County,  New  York,  in  1812 ;  came  to 
Toledo  in  1835  ;  first  engaged  in  merchandise 
trade.  About  1846,  in  connection  with  Richard 
Mott,  he  opened  an  office  on  the  dock,  as  Com- 
mission Merchant,  continuing  there  until  1860. 
He  held  various  public  offices,  as  member  of  the 
City  Council,  and  Board  of  Education,  City  Clerk, 
etc.  Originally  he  was  a  Democrat,  but  became 
an  active  Republican  on  the  organization  of 
that  party  in  1855.  His  widow,  Mrs.  Marion 
L.  Scott,  sui'vived  him  until  April  26,  1887, 
when  she  died  at  the  residence  of  her  son, 
Albert  E.  Scott,  Toledo,  aged  74  years. 

Luke  Draper  died  at  Toledo,  October  17, 
1866,  aged  75.     He  came  fi-om  Lockport,  New 


York,  in  1884  ;  was  for  a  long  time  in  the 
Drug  and  Provision  ti-ade,  and  for  some  years 
was  Associate  Judge  of  the  County.  He  was 
highly  esteemed.  His  wife  died  in  February, 
1881,  aged  81  years.  She  lived  in  Buffalo  at 
the  time  that  f)lace  was  burned  by  British 
troops  in  1812. 

Darwin  Earl  Gardner  died  at  Toledo,  August 
5,  1867,  in  his  4Sth  year.  He  was  born  at 
Norwalk,  Ohio,  January  28,  1820.  His  father, 
Dr.  Wm.  Gardner,  was  one  of  the  earliest 
settlers  of  that  place.  The  family  soon  re- 
moved to  Canton,  Ohio,  where  the  father  died. 
Choosing  the  legal  profession,  Darwin  read 
law  with  General  John  Gi'owell,  then  of  War- 
ren, since  of  Cleveland  ;  was  admitted  to  prac- 
tice in  1841 ;  settled  at  Marietta ;  went  to 
Cleveland  in  1850,  and  came  to  Toledo  in  1852. 
In  1855-6  he  engaged  in  banking,  as  a  meni- 
ber  of  the  firm  of  Earl,  Gardner  &  Co.  He  in- 
vested successfully  in  Toledo  real  estate  ;  was 
a  member  and  President  of  the  State  Agricul- 
tural Society ;  and  was  Deputy  Collector  of 
Customs  from  1861  to  1866.  In  1842,  he  was 
married  with  Miss  Elizabeth  P.  Putnam,  of 
Marietta,  who  died  in  1846.  In  1852  he  was 
married  with  Miss  Sarah  A.  Williams,  daughter 
of  James  Williams,  of  Norwalk.  He  had  been 
for  27  years  a  professor  of  the  Christian  reli- 
gion, and  at  his  death  was  a  member  of  the  First 
Congregational  Church,  Toledo.  He  was  a 
man  of  unusual  ability,  and  took  an  active  in- 
terest in  the  moral  and  material  welfare  of  his 
fellow-men.  Mrs.  Gardner  and  a  daughter  now 
reside  in  Toledo  ;  his  eldest  children,  Wm.  P. 
and  Elizabeth,  having  died.  James  resides  in 
California. 

John    Poag   died   at   Toledo,  December  17,       ^^ 

1867.  He  was  a  native  of  Oliio,  and  an  adopted 
son  of  Francis  Graham,  a  pioneer  merchant  of 
Huron  County,  and  subsequently  in  business 
at  Ashland,  then  in  Richland  (now  Ashland) 
County.  Mr.  Poag,  while  young,  went  to  New 
York,  where  he  rose  to  special  prominence 
and  success  as  a  merchant,  at  one  time  a  mem- 
ber of  the  well-known  house  of  Kent,  Poag  & 
Company.  About  1837  he  invested  in  Toledo 
property,  and  subsequently  built  the  "  Poag 
Block"  (Southeast  corner  of  Summit  and 
Madison  Streets).  Mrs.  Poag  died  some  years 
before  her  husband.  They  left  two  daughters 
and  one  son,  John  Poag,  now  a  resident  of 
Toledo. 

James  C.  Hall  died  at  Toledo,  November  13, 

1868.  He  was  born  in  Cincinnati,  November 
20,  1812,  where  he  lived  until  his  removal  to 
Toledo  in  1859.  He  was  for  many  years  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  trade  at  Cincinnati,  having 
been  among  the  pioneers  of  jobbing  busine.ss 
at  that  point.  He  was  one  of  the  first,  if  not 
actually  the  first.  President  of  the  Chamber  of 
Commerce  of  that   City.     Actively    identified 


PERSONAL  MENTION. 


683 


with  all  public  euterprisee,  he  was  specially 
helpful  in  the  cousti'uction  of  the  first  Telegraph 
line  to  Cincinnati  ;  the  Ohio  ct  Mississippi 
Railway  (of  which  Company  he  was  President); 
the  City  Water  Woi'ks  and  other  improve- 
ments. At  Toledo  his  spirit  of  enter]iri8e  was 
also  manifested  and  speciallj-  beneticial  to  the 
City.  At  the  time  of  his  death,  he  was  serving 
on  his  third  term  as  State  Senator,  in  which 
capaeitA'  his  long  business  experience  and  gen- 
eral intelligence  made  him  very  useful,  both  to 
his  immediate  constituents  and  to  the  State. 
He  left  a  wife  (Mrs.  Harriet  O.  Holmes,  who 
died  in  1887),  a  son,  Wm.  O.,  and  a  daughter, 
Miss  Harriet  Hall,  now  residents  of  Toledo. 

Gideon  W.  Weed  died  at  Toledo,  June  12, 
1869,  aged  54.  He  came  to  Toledo  from  New 
York  about  183ti,  as  clerk  in  the  store  of  Titus 
&  Co.  Subsequentl}",  he  was  for  several  years 
years  in  business,  and  held  different  positions 
of  public  trust.  He  left  a  wife  and  several 
children,  who  still  survive  him. 

George  E.  Williams  died  at  Toledo,  February 
7,  1870,  aged  (34.  Was  born  at  Long  Point, 
Canada  West,  October  2G,  1806  ;  sailed  on  the 
Lakes  from  15th  to  34th  year,  commanding  the 
Steamer  Thames,  when  burned  by  the  "Patriots" 
in  1837.  Commenced  in  commission  business 
at  Port  Stanley,  1840,  and  became  well  known. 
Came  to  Toledo  in  1862,  and  engaged  in  grain 
business,  soon  after  being  joined  by  his  son, 
Edgerton  R.  Williams.  In  September,  1869, 
Mr.  Williams,  in  consequence  of  ill  health, 
withdrew  from  business,  leaving  it  to  his  son. 
Deceased  always  bore  a  high  position  in  busi- 
ness and  social  circles.  He  left  a  wife  and  two 
sons,  and  two  daughters,  and  was  buried  at 
Port  Stanley. 

Truman  H.  Hoag  died  at  Washington,  D.  C, 
February  5,  1870.  He  was  54  years  of  age, 
having  been  born  in  Onondaga  County,  New 
York,  in  1815.  When  a  young  man,  he  went 
to  Syracuse,  where  he  held  a  clerkship  in  a 
store  and  in  the  Canal  Collector's  office. 
Thence  he  went  to  Oswego,  and  was  in  the  em- 
ploy of  Bronson  &  Crocker,  commission  mer- 
chants. Mr.  Hoag  came  to  Toledo  in  1849,  as 
the  agent  of  that  house.  In  1851,  he  first  en- 
gaged in  business,  as  the  head  of  the  house  of 
Hoag,  Strong  &  Co.  In  1858,  with  Henry  D. 
Walbridge,  he  tbrmed  the  firm  of  Hoagit  Wal- 
bridge,  which  continued  for  some  lO  years, 
when  Mr.  Hoag  retired  from  active  business. 
Though  never  an  active  politician,  Mr.  Hoag  was 
identified  with  the  Democratic  party,  and  was 
the  candidate  of  that  party  for  Mayor  in  1867. 
In  1868,  he  was  elected  over  James  M.  Ashlej-, 
Republican,  as  member  of  Congress,  by  a  ma- 
jority of  912,  with  a  Republican  majority  of 
638  on  the  State  ticket  in  the  District  at  the 
same  election.  His  service  in  Congress  was 
limited  to  an  extra   session    in    the  spring  of 


1869,  anil  a  few  weeks  of  the  regular  session 
beginning  December  1,  1870 — affording  very 
little  opportunity  for  the  manifestation  of  the 
qualities  which  he  was  believed  to  possess. 
He  left  a  wife  and  two  children — Henry  W., 
who  died  at  Toledo  in  1882,  and  Mrs.  AVm.  L. 
Malcom,  of  New  York. 

Frederick    Bissell  died    at  Toledo,   June  6, 

1870.  He  was  born  at  East  Windsor,  Conn., 
August  5,  1799.  When  young  h(^  learned  the 
engraver's  trade,  but  never  followed  it  as  a 
business.  In  1827,  he  went  to  Lockjjort,  New 
York,  and  engaged  in  the  Dry  Goods  trade. 
Coming  to  Toledo  in  1830,  he  became  the  senior 
partner  in  the  Forwarding  and  Commission 
firm  of  Bissell  &  Oiardner.  In  1844,  he  en- 
gaged in  the  Dry  Goods  trade,  and  continued 
the  same  until  1852,  when  he  returned  to  the 
Commission  business,  which  he  continued 
until  his  death.  Mr.  Bissell  was  a  bi'other  of 
Edward  Bissell,  and  throughout  his  residence 
at  Toledo,  maintained  an  honorable  position 
as  a  citizen  and  business  man.  Ho  never  was 
married. 

James  M.  Comstock  died  at  Toledo,  July  7, 
1870.  He  was  an  early  settler  of  Toledo, 
having  gone  there  in  1836.  Throughout  the 
34  years  of  his  residence,  he  maintained  the 
character  of  an  honorable  and  useful  citizen  in 
his  private  and  public  relations.  He  left  a 
wife  and  two  children. 

Calvin  Bullock  died  in  Toledo,  March  5, 
1870.  He  was  born  in  Royalston,  Mass.,  Sep- 
tember 21,  1829,  being  a  cousin  of  Governor 
Bullock.  For  some  years  he  was  with  his 
father  in  merchandising,  but  from  poor 
health  was  compelled  to  relinquish  that  busi- 
ness, and  in  1857  he  came  to  Toledo,  to  enter 
the  employment  of  the  Toledo  and  Wabash 
Railway,  in  the  Treasurer's  office,  where  he 
remained  until  compelled  to  relinquish  the 
same  \>j  illness,  being  at  the  time  Assistant 
Treasurer  of  the  Company.  He  was  eminently 
a  Christian  gentleman,  faithful  and  strict  in 
meeting  every  personal  obligation,  in  business, 
ill  the  Church,  in  society,  and  wherever  duty 
called  him  to  act.  His  was  eminently  of 
the  stern,  yet  conscientious  New  England 
mould  of  mind  and  fidelity  of  conscience  which 
brooked  no  compromise  or  dallying  where 
conviction  had  indicated  the  right.  Never 
obtrusive  or  otherwise  offensive,  he  yet  never 
swerved  from  duty.  At  the  time  of  his  death 
he  was  an  Elder  of  Westminster  Presbyterian 
Church,  Toledo.     He  left  a  wife  and  one  child. 

Frank  Collins,  City  Prosecutor  of  Toledo, 
died  Januarj'  17, 1871.  He  was  born  in  Livings- 
ton County,  N.  Y.,  in  1836 ;  was  admitted  to  the 
Bar  in  1861,  and  soon  enlisted  in  the  104th 
New  York  Regiment  and  was  promoted  to  a 
Captainc)'  ;  he  came  to  Toledo  in  1865,  and  iu 
1867  became  City  Prosecutor  by  appointment, 


684 


HISTORY  OF  lOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


being  elected  to  that  position  in  1869.  He  was 
highly  esteemed  and  left  a  wife  and  child. 
He  was  a  brother  of  Judge  W.  A.  Collins. 

Andrew  Shurtz  died  at  Toledo,  September 
29,  1871,  aged  52  years.  He  came  to  Toledo  in 
1843,  and  throughout  hi.s  residence  there  he 
maintained  an  "lionorable  and  useful  position, 
holding  different  offices  of  public  trust,  includ- 
ing Councilman,  Street  Commissioner,  and 
membership  of  the  Board  of  Improvements. 
He  was  carpenter  and  joiner  by  trade,  and 
contractor  and  builder  of  many  fine  buildings. 

Alex.  Bruce  Brownlee  died  at  Toledo,  March 
17,  1872,  aged  66.  He  was  born  in  Falkirk, 
Scotland,  in  1806;  came  to  the  United  States 
in  1832,  locating  at  Maumee  City,  and  en- 
gaging in  the  Grocery  and  Provision  trade  as 
partner  in  the  firm  of  Pratt  &  Brownlee.  In 
1847,  the  firm  of  Brownlee  &  Pendleton  com- 
menced business  in  the  Canal  Elevators,  then 
just  built  on  the  River,  foot  of  Madison  Street, 
Toledo,  since  and  now  owned  by  C.  A.  King 
&  Co.  That  was  the  first  Steam  Elevator 
Warehouse  on  the  River,  if  not  the  pioneer  of 
the  Lakes.  After  varying  experience  in  trade, 
Mr.  Brownlee  retired,  and  in  1857  was  chosen 
as  Mayor  of  Toledo  by  a  remarkable  majority ; 
was  re-elected  in  1859 ;  and  resigned  during 
that  term,  to  become  the  Secretary  of  the 
Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Company,  which 
position  he  held  at  the  time  of  his  death.  He 
always  sustained  the  character  of  an  honest 
man,  and  enjoyed  in  full  measure  the  confi- 
dence of  his  fellow-citizens.  He  left  a  wife, 
two  sons  and  two  daughters. 

Lyman  Casey  died  at  Toledo,  November  14; 
1872.  He  was  born  at  Pittsfleld,  Mass.,  Feb. 
7,1793.  In  1814,  he  went  to  York,  Livingston 
County,  New  York,  and  engaged  in  farming, 
remaining  there  until  his  removal  to  Ypisilanti, 
Michigan,  in  1853,  whence  he  came  to  Toledo 
in  1857.  Thoughout  an  active,  as  well  as  a 
long  life,  he  had  enjoyed  remarkablj^  good 
health,  and  won  in  unusual  degree,  the  confi- 
dence and  esteem  of  a  large  circle  of  acquaint- 
ances. He  left  five  children — Mrs.  C.  D. 
Crook,  Adrian,  Mich,;  Mrs.  John  N.  Stevens, 
and  Mrs.  M.  D.  Carriugton  (deceased)  Toledo; 
Mr.  T.  B.  Casey,  Minneapolis,  Minn.;  and  Mr. 
Lyman  R.  Casey,  Detroit. 

Daniel  R.  Stebbins  died  at  Toledo,  Septem- 
ber 6,  1874,  aged  68  years.  He  was  born  at 
Ft.  Edward,  New  York,  October  4,  1806.  His 
youth  was  spent  at  Sacketts  Harbor,  New 
York,  and  he  came  to  Maumee  in  1835,  whence 
he  removed  to  Toledo  about  1860.  For  many 
years  he  acted  as  engineer  on  several  different 
Lake  Steamers.  In  1847  the  Steamer  G.  P. 
Griffith  was  built  at  Maumee,  chiefly  under 
his  superintendence,  he  becoming  the  Chief 
Engineer.  The  burning  of  this  craft,  June  17, 
1850,   a  few   miles  below  Cleveland,  was   an 


event  of  great  afHiction  and  sadnes.s.  She  was 
a  total  loss,  with  her  cargo.  But  the  most 
serious  feature  of  the  event  was  the  loss  of  life, 
which  amounted  to  about  300,  of  331  on  board. 
Included  in  these  were  the  Captain,  C.  C.  Roby, 
wife  and  daughter;  Mrs.  Wilkison,  mother  of 
Mrs.  Roby;  and  a  Mr.  Palmer  of  Toledo.  The 
origin  of  the  disaster  was  not  clear.  It  was  re- 
lated by  an  eye-witness,  that  when  hope  of 
suppressing  the  flames  was  gone.  Captain  Roby 
gathered  about  him  his  family,  and  the  last 
words  uttered  by  him  were  :  "  Dear  wife,  pre- 
pare to  meet  the  worst."  Then  clasping  her  in 
his  arms  convulsively,  and  kissing  her, as  quick 
as  thought  he  whirled  her  over  the  railing  and 
into  the  Lake.  He  then  seized  his  wife's 
mother  and  threw  her  overboard,  then  his 
little  daughter,  and  closed  the  sad  scene  by 
jumping  after  them,  all  to  take  their  chances  of 
life,  which  wereagainstthem.  The  event  always 
followed  Mr.  Stebbins  with  most  depressing  in- 
fluence, while  the  physical  injury  sustained  was 
permanent.  For  some  time  after  coming  to 
Toledo  he  acted  as  Engineer  at  the  Wabash 
Grain  Elevators.  In  1837,  he  was  married 
with  Miss  Mary  Palmer,  who  with  one  daugh- 
ter, Mrs.  Joseph  Paige,  yet  reside  in  Toledo. 
Mr.  Stebbins  was  a  man  of  uprightness  and 
honor  in  all  his  intercourse  with  others. 

Drowned  near  Presque  Isle,  Maumee  River, 
August  30, 1866,  Everett  G.,  son  of  W.  S.  Isher- 
wood,  aged  15;  Georgiana,  daughter  of  Joel 
Reed,  deceased,  aged  14;  Fanny  Underwood, 
aged  13;  and  Florence,  daughter  of  Isaac 
Rhodes,  aged  11.  They  were  attending  a  pic- 
nic of  Clinton  Park  Sunday  School,  and  were 
drowned  while  crossing  the  River  in  a  small 
boat. 

John  Sinclair  died  at  Oakland,  California, 
March  3,  1875.  He  was  a  native  of  Ireland, 
and  was  born  in  1825.  Coming  to  the  LTnited 
States  in  1826,  the  family-  settled  at  Monroe, 
Michigan.  In  1847  he  came  to  Toledo,  and  be- 
came the  book-keejjer  of  Alonzo  Godard.  Sub- 
sequently, he  was  engaged  in  Commission 
business  with  G.  R.  Williams,  and  subsequently 
with  Matthew  Brown,  the  latter  partnership 
terminating  in  1874.  In  his  business  relations, 
Mr.  Sinclair  ever  maintained  an  honorable 
position  and  displayed  exceptional  ability.  It 
was  in  the  public  offices  filled  by  him,  that  he 
gained  his  chief  prominence.  In  the  City 
Council  from  1859  to  1863,  and  again  from  1867 
to  1873,  he  was  a  leading  member  of  that  body, 
most  of  the  time  acting  as  President  of  the 
same.  In  1867-8,  he  served  a  term  as  Repre- 
sentative of  Lucas  County  in  the  Ohio  Legis- 
lature. He  was  actively  identified  with  the 
Board  of  Trade,  of  which  he  was  at  one  time 
the  President;  and  also  with  the  Toledo 
Library  Association.  In  1852  Mr.  Sinclair  was 
married  with  Miss  Anna  Perigo,  of  Toledo, 
who,  with    two   of  five   children,   yet   survive 


PERSONAL  MENTION. 


Iiiin,  as  also  do  four  sisters — Mrs.  John  Benlan, 
Mrs.  John  Cumiiiiiigs.  Mrs.  Dr.  Gilbert  Oliail- 
dock,  and  Miss  Emma  Sinclair.  Mr.  Sinclair's 
remains  were  buried  in  Toledo,  when  special 
recognition  of  his  meniorj'  was  made  bj'  the 
Board  of  Trade,  the  City  Council  and  the 
Trustees  of  the  Public  Library. 

Thomas  Southard  died  at  Toledo,  June  24, 

1875,  in  his  72d  j-ear.  Born  in  England,  he 
came  to  this  country  and  to  Toledo  in  1833, 
where  he  continued  until  his  death.  He  loft  a 
wife  and  three  children — Thomas,  Jr.,  Mrs. 
Richard  Ilallaran,  and   Mrs.  Sanford  Sullivan. 

John  E.  Carpenter  died  at  Toledo,  November 
29,  1875.  He  had  acted  as  Paymaster  of  the 
Toledo  and  Wabash  Eailwaj-  for  about  20 
years,  covering  most  of  the  time  after  that 
Road  went  into  operation.  His  death  was 
caused  by  the  collision  of  a  freight  train  with 
his  pay-car,  some  inouths  previous  to  his 
death.     He  was  49  years  of  age. 

Mrs.  Ann  (Woodiwiss)  Corlett,  wife  of  Thos. 
Corlett,    died  at    Vienna,    Michigan,  April    8, 

1876.  She  was  born  in  Essex,  England,  Janu- 
ary 22,  1814;  came  to  this  country  with  her 
parents  in  1824  ;  was  married  in  1833  ;  came  to 
Toledo  in  1834,  which  was  her  home  until 
1872,  when,  with  her  husband,  she  went  to 
Vienna.  Of  her  12  children,  four  survive  her — 
Frank,  John,  William  and  Sophia.  She  was 
buried  at  Toledo,  the  services  being  held  at 
AVestminster  Church,  of  which  she  was  a 
member. 

Mrs.  Sarah  O.,  wife  of  Thomas  Hamilton, 
Sen.,  died  in  Toledo,  June  28,1872,  She  was 
the  daughter  of  George  Standart,  and  was  born 
at  New  Hartford,  Oneida  County,  New  York, 
Ma}'  18, 1814.  The  family  removed  to  Auburn 
in  1819.  In  July,  1830,  deceased  was  married 
and  came  to  Jlilan,  Ohio,  where  she  remained 
until  1861,  when,  with  her  husband,  she  came 
to  Toledo,  remaining  here  until  her  death. 

Thomas  Hamilton,  Sen.,  died  at  Toledo,  Sep- 
tember 16,  187G.  He  was  born  at  Granville, 
Washington  County,  New  York,  in  May,  1810  ; 
came  from  Buffalo  to  Milan,  Ohio,  in  1832, 
and  soon  became  a  member  of  the  prominent 
firm  of  Standart,  Hamilton  k  Co.  (an  elder 
brother,  Daniel  Hamilton  and  Needham  M. 
Standart  being  partners).  In  connection  with 
that  firm,  and  much  more  in  his  personal 
efforts,  the  deceased  contributed  largely  to  the 
remarkable  advance  made  by  Milan,  both  in 
improvements  and  growth  and  in  general  in- 
fluence. His  exceptional  intelligence  and  pub- 
lic spirit  enabled  him  to  accomplish  much,  in 
all  departments  of  activity,  A  man  of  the 
strictest  views  and  habits,  his  example  as  well 
as  precept  were  ever  on  the  side  of  sound  prin- 
ciples in  morals  and  business.  His  services 
were  almost  constantly  in  requsition  in  local 
affairs.     He  was  elected  State  Senator  in  1847, 


for  the  Counties  of  Brie  and  Huron,  and  de- 
clined a  re-election.  He  came  to  Toledo  in 
1861,  He  left  seven  children,  all  of  whom  are 
now  living — Thomas,  Jr.,  of  Denver,  Colorado: 
J.  Kent,  of  Toledo  ;  Robert  W,,  Frederick, 
Charles  and  Marj',  of  San  Diego,  California  ; 
and  Mrs.  Lucj-  Durfee,  of  Decatur,  Illinois, 

Daniel  Segur  died  at  Toledo,  September  5, 
1876.  Ho  was  born  in  Herkimer  County,  New 
York,  in  1812.  In  1815,  the  family  removed  to 
Oneida  Count}-,  same  State,  the  father  engaging 
in  milling.  In  1827,  the  father  died,  when 
Daniel  went  to  Utica  for  employment,  as  clerk 
in  a  hotel.  Thence  he  went  to  Buffalo,  for  like 
employment,  and  in  1832,  he  and  a  brother 
became  jjroprietors  of  the  Mansion  House  at 
Cleveland,  A  year  later  (1833),  he  came  to 
Toledo  and  opened  the  Mansion  House,  on 
Summit  Street,  between  Locust  and  Lagrange. 
Not  long  thereafter  he  became  proprietor  of 
the  American  Hotel,  corner  of  Summit  and 
Elm  Streets  (burned  in  1861),  Much  of  Mr, 
Segur's  life  was  spent  in  public  positions  of 
various  kinds.  In  1838  he  was  elected  to  the 
City  Council,  and  his  connection  with  the  City 
Government,  with  brief  intervals,  was  con- 
tinued to  the  year  of  his  death.  In  1845  he 
was  appointed  Collector  of  Canal  tolls  ;  and  in 
1858,  Deputy  Collector  of  Customs,  He  acted 
with  the  AVhig  party  until  1855,  from  which 
time  he  was  identified  with  the  Democrats,  in 
both  of  which  relations  he  was  active  and  in- 
fluential. He  left  a  wife  (Mrs.  Rosa  L.  Segur), 
a  son  (Daniel,  Jr.)  and  u  daughter,  Fannie, 
Mrs.  George  W.  Foster,  now  manager  of  the 
Erie  Telegraph  and  Telephone  Exchange  at 
Dallas,  Texas, 

Rev,  Samuel  M.  Beatty  was  born  at  Hagers- 
town,  Maryland,  December  8,  1804.  With  only 
a  meagre  education,  he  learned  the  trade  of  a 
coppersmith,  which  he  followed  until  1840, 
when  ho  entered  the  ministry  of  the  Methodist 
Episcopal  Church,  and  came  to  Northern  Ohio, 
where  he  spent  the  balance  of  his  life  in  pro- 
fessional service.  For  several  years  he  acted 
as  Pastor  to  the  Seamen's  Friend  Society  at 
Cleveland,  and  for  a  long  time  was  in  the  itin- 
erancy. In  1868,  he  came  to  Toledo  to  take 
charjjeofthe  Bethel  work,  including  Seamen 
and  Railroad  employes,  which  was  his  work 
until  his  death,  November  22,  1876.  The  occa- 
sion was  marked  by  very  general  expression  of 
respect  for  his  memory,  especially  on  the  part 
of  the  clergy  of  the  City  and  the  Produce  Ex- 
change.    He  left  a  wife  and  one  daughter. 

Colonel  Daniel  Chase,  IT,  S,  A,,  died  in  To- 
ledo, June  24,  1877,  aged  76  years.  He  came 
to  the  Maumee  River  in  1834,  and  purchased 
about  12,000  acres  of  land,  a  considerable  por- 
tion of  which  is  now  within  the  City  ol  Toicdo, 
With  s]H'cial  taste  for  the  military,  he  early  be- 
came active!}'  identified  with  the  State  Militia, 
and  was  appointed  a  Major  tieneral.  He  raised 


fiRfi 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  f.rCAS  COUNTY. 


a  Compari}-  of  Volunteers  for  the  Mexican  War 
in  1846,  which  he  commanded,  being  wounded 
at  the  storming  of  Chapultepee.  At  the  close 
of  that  war.  upon  recommendation  of  General 
Winfield  Scott,  ho  was  appointed  as  Colonel  in 
the  Regular  Arm_y,  and  was  serving  as  such 
under  the  Bebel  General  Twiggs,  when  that 
officer's  command  was  broken  up  bj-  his  trea- 
son. On  his  way  North  Colonel  Chase  partic- 
ipated in  the  battle  of  Wilson's  Creek,  and  was 
neai'  General  Lyon  at  the  time  he  fell.  After- 
wards he  was  appointed  Major,  and  served  in 
the  Vicksburg  campaign  on  the  staff  of  General 
McTherson,  and  commanded  a  Eegiment  in  the 
assault  on  that  stronghold,  when  he  was  again 
wounded.  At  the  close  of  the  War  he  was 
placed  on  the  retired  list,  with  rank  of  Colonel, 
being  then  64  years  old.  He  never  was  mar- 
ried. He  was  a  brother  of  Dr.  James  L.  Chase 
of  Toledo. 

David  Burgert  died    in    Toledo,    March    30, 

1877,  aged  81  years.  Born  in  Pennsylvania, 
with  the  family  he  came  to  Canton,  Ohio,  in 
1812.  In  1820  he  was  married  with  Miss 
Eleanor  Huet.  Subsequently  he  lived  in  Paris, 
Stark  County,  in  Coshocton  County  and  in 
Cuj'ahoga  County,  whence,  in  1807,  he  came  to 
Toledo,  living  with  his  youngest  daughter, 
Mi-s.  George  W.  Hart,  until  his  death.  Mrs. 
Burgert  died  in  1840,  leaving  six  sons  (includ- 
ing Adam  Burgert)  and  six  daughters.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 

Edwin  Avery,  Sen.,  died  at  Toledo,  July  24, 

1878.  Born  in  New  London,  Connecticut,  he 
went  to  Rochester,  New  York,  whence  he  came 
to  Toledo  in  1842.  The  next  year  he  estab- 
lished a  line  of  Boats  on  the  Wabash  and  Brie 
Canal,  between  Toledo  and  Lafayette,  his  Boat, 
"  Harry  of  the  West,"  making  the  first  passage 
through  the  Eastern  Division  of  the  Canal.  In 
1848  he  established  an  Express  between  Toledo 
and  Adrian,  being  the  first  business  of  the  kind 
done  on  a  Western  Railroad.  Hb  was  among 
the  California  "  '49-ers,"  making  the  passage 
overland  in  1849,  and  remaining  there  until 
1858.  He  is  said  to  have  started  the  first  drays 
used  in  Toledo.  For  nine  years  he  was  Grain 
Inspector  at  the  Wabash  Elevators,  continuing 
as  such  until  incapacitated  by  the  failure  of  his 
eyesight.  Mrs.  Avery,  with  seven  children, 
still  survive  him — the  latter  being  Elias,  Edwin 
and  John  G.,  of  Toledo  ;  Fred.,  of  Adrian  ; 
Mrs.  Andrew  Shurtz,  Mrs.  James  Cauneffand 
Mrs.  Scott  Hitchens,  of  Toledo.  Mr.  Avery 
was  a  man  of  unusual  energy  and  enterprise, 
and  ever  was  held  in  high  respect  by  his 
acquaintances. 

William  H.  Merritt  was  born  in  Brunswick 
County,  Virginia,  and  with  his  parents  came  to 
Columbus,  Ohio.  When  18  years  of  age,  he 
settled  at  Maumee  City,  and  sub.sequently 
opened  a  Barber  Shop  at  that  point,  which  was 
the  first,  or  among  the  first  of  the  kind  estab- 


lished there.  About  1853,  he  removed  to 
Toledo,  where  for  many  years  he  pursued  the 
same  business,  until  his  death  in  1879.  His 
shop  (59J  Summit  Street),  for  many  yeai's  was 
the  favorite  resort  of  those  seeking  tousorial 
service,  while  Mr.  Merritt  maintained  a  credit- 
able position  with  all  classes  of  citizens,  and 
one  of  influence  with  his  own  race.  At  the 
May  Term  of  Lucas  County  Common  Pleas, 
187-,  he  served  as  Juryman,  being,  as  believed, 
the  first  colored  citizen  serving  in  that  capacitj- 
in  Ohio.  His  memory  is  held  in  high  respect 
by  a  large  circle  of  acquaintances. 

Salter  Cleveland  was  liorn  in  Massachusetts 
in  1798.  Coming  West,  he  first  made  his  home 
at  Tecumseh,  Michigan,  where  he  kept  a  Livery 
Stable  for  several  years.  Ho  was  in  that  busi- 
ness during;  the  "  Toledo  War  "  (1835),  and  was 
employed  to  bring  Governor  Mason,  Judge 
Ross  Wilkins  of  the  United  States  Court,  and 
General  Joseph  W.  Brown  to  Toledo,  at  the 
time  the  Michigan  forces  visited  that  place.  In 
1844,  Mr.  Cleveland  came  to  Toledo,  and  estab- 
lished the  first  distinct  Livery  Stable  in  the 
City,  at  the  barn  of  the  old  American  Hotel, 
then  kept  by  Colonel  John  McKenster,  corner 
of  Summit  and  Elm  Streets,  soon  removing  to 
the  vicinity  of  the  Indiana  House,  corner  of 
Summit  and  Perry.  He  was  in  the  business 
for  several  years.  In  1847  he  ran  the  Indiana 
House,  at  which  time  he  employed  the  first 
Omnibus  used  in  Toledo.  Mr.  Cleveland,  at 
the  advanced  age  of  88  years,  died  in  Toledo, 
in  June,  1887.  He  had  been  for  a  long  period 
of  time  an  active  and  earnest  advocate  of  sound 
moral  and  religious  principles. 


CHARLES  AUGUSTUS  CRANE  was  born 
in  Boardmau,  Trumbull  County,  Ohio,  June 
11,1817.  His  father,  Joseph  Harmon  Crane,  was 
of  the  old  Connecticut  stock,  and  was  born 
September  24,  1793,  and  died  in  July,  1849. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch  attended  the  Dis- 
trict Schools  of  Boardman,  from  the  time  he 
was  old  enough  until  he  was  15  j^ears  of  age, 
meanwhile  working  on  his  father's  farm.  In 
1832,  the  family  removed  to  Port  Lawrence 
(Toledo),  when  Charles,  fancying  the  Sailor's 
life,  secured  a  position  on  a  Lake  Vessel,  and 
continued  there  for  two  years.  Satisfied  with 
such  experience,  in  1834  he  was  employed  in  a 
store  in  Toledo.  Remaining  there  for  two 
years,  he  entered  the  service  of  the  Warehouse 
and  Transportation  Compan}-,  continuing  with 
it  until  1839.  Then,  with  the  late  Lyman  Wheel- 
er, he  formed  the  firm  of  Wheeler  &  Crane,  Recti- 
fiers and  Grocers,  whose  store  was  on  Monroe 
Street.  In  1841,  selling  his  interest  to  Mr. 
Wheeler,  he  returned  to  the  Transportation 
business,  continuing  therein  until  1845.  For  two 
years  thereafter  he  was  in  the  Banking  House 
of  Prentice,  Dow  &  Co.  In  1847,  he  engaged 
as  Clerk  with  Thomas  Watkins  &  Co.,  Commis- 


C^>^^^i^  C^ii^^ULeZcJ^ 


(TOOiM) 


PERSONA  r.   MENTION. 


(1S7 


sion  ami  Transportution  Agents.  Roinaiiiing 
tliere  until  185:!,  ho  then  removed  to  the  East 
side  of  the  River,  and  for  10  years  was  there 
engaged  in  farming,  subsequontlj-  dealing  in 
real  estate.  For  many  j'ears  he  was  managing 
Director  of  the  Lucas  County  Infirniarj-.  He 
was  for  a  long  time  a  Director  in  the  First  Na- 
tional Bank  of  Toledo.  His  residence  continued 
in  East  Toledo  until  his  death.  May  25,  1884. 
Originally,  Mr.  Crane,  in  politics,  was  a  Dem- 
ocrat; but  from  the  outbreak  of  the  War  of  the 
Rebellion,  he  was  actively  identified  with  the 
Republican  party.  The  funeral  was  attended 
by  many  of  his  old  fi'iends.  As  a  mark  of 
special  respect.  Ford  Post,  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic,  was  represented  by  40  members  in  a 
body.  The  pall- bearers  were  V.  H.  Ketcham, 
Dora  Tracy,  David  Howe,  Asa  W.  Maddocks, 
H.J.  Hayes,  and  J.  D.  Chamberlin.  The  servi- 
ces were  conducted  by  Rev.  J.  B.  Schatf,  Pastor 
of  East  Toledo  Baptist  Church,  of  which  Mr. 
Crane  was  a  member;  who  made  just  recog- 
nition of  the  honorable  and  useful  life  of  the 
deceased.  The  remains  were  accompanied  by 
a  large  procession  to  Willow  Cemetery,  to  the 
purchase  and  improvement  of  which  Mr.  Crane 
contributed  liberally.  It  was  said  of  him, 
that  no  child  ever  met  him  who  did  not  receive 
kind  recognition  in  word,  smile  or  caress; 
as  did  adults  corresponding  kindly  greet- 
ing. Two  brothers —George  R.  and  William 
Crane  — survive  him.  He  was  twice  niar- 
ried — first,  in  June,  1840,  with  Miss  Lorain, 
daughter  of  Dr.  Fassett,  who  died  in 
1841 ;  second,  October  12,  1847,  with  Miss  Mary 
A.  Hill,  daughter  of  Ellis  Hill,  of  Jefferson 
County,  New  York,  who  survives  him,  and  re- 
sides in  East  Toledo.  No  children  were  born 
to  him.  Mr.  Crane  was  a  man  of  fixed  and 
positive  opinions,  and  throughout  an  active  life 
commanded  the  respect  and  confidence  of  his 
fellow- citizens  in  an  eminent  degree.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Second  Baptist  Church,  P]a8t 
Toledo,  and  was  much  esteemed  for  his  quiet, 
consistent  religious  life. 

ELIAS  FASSETT.  The  ancestors  of  Elias 
Fassett,  of  Toledo,  were  of  Scottish  nativity, 
and  settled  in  Massachusetts  in  1715.  His 
great-grandfather  lived  in  Bennington,  Ver- 
mont, and  served  in  the  French  and  Indian 
Wars.  His  grandfather  was  a  Captain  in  the 
Revolutionary  War,  and  served  under  General 
Montgomery.  For  his  meritorious  and  gallant 
service  during  this  war  he  was  granted  b}-  Con- 
gress the  entire  Township  of  Cambridge,  Ver- 
mont. He  was  afterwards  made  Associate 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court,  anil  was  recog- 
nized as  one  of  the  leading  public  men  of  his 
State.  The  father  of  Elias  Fassett  (John  Fas- 
sett)  was  born  in  Bennington,  Veimont,  De- 
cember 17, 1769,  but  after  the  Revolution  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Cambridge,  where  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch  was  born,  Januarj-  17,  1827, 


the  youngest  of  seven  chiMreii — four  boys  and 
three  girls.  His  mother's  maiden  name  was 
Martha  Thomas.  Mr.  Fassett's  father  was  a 
Physician,  and  followed  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession at  Cambridge  until  in  1832,  when  in 
June  of  that  year  ho  canio  to  Port  Lawrence 
and  bought  the  section  of  laud  which  is  known 
as  Fassett's  First  and  Second  Additions,  located 
in  what  now  is  the  Sixth  Ward  of  Toledo. 
The  following  fall  he  brought  his  family  to 
Port  Lawrence,  where  for  the  succeeding  five 
years  ho  practiced  his  profession  in  addition  to 
his  labor  in  clearing  his  farm.  At  the  end  of 
this  period  he  moved  upon  the  farm,  where  ho 
continued  to  reside  until  his  death.  May  2fi, 
1853.  Elias  remained  with  his  parents,  assist- 
ing in  the  labors  of  the  farm  until  his  17th  year. 
His  School  education  was  limited  to  the  meager 
advantages  afforded  in  this  section  at  that  early 
period,  and  consisted  of  three  months'  attend- 
ance during  the  year  at  the  log  School-house 
in  the  neighborhood  of  his  father's  farm,  and 
one  year's  attendance  at  a  Select  School,  then 
located  on  Lagrange  Street,  Toledo,  in  183G. 

Mr.  Fassett  became  a  clerk  in  the  Dry  Goods 
and  General  Store  in  which  an  elder  brother 
was  part  proprietor,  under  the  firm  name  of 
Raymond  &  Fassett.  Hero  he  remained  for 
three  years,  after  which  he  returned  to  hia 
father's  fai-m  and  remained  there  until  his 
father's  death.  For  oneyearafterthis  event,  he 
was  Check  Clerk  in  the  Toledo  office  of  the  Cleve- 
land and  Toledo  Railroad,  noiv  a  part  of  the 
Lake  Shore  and  Michigan  Southern  Railroad. 
For  two  years  following  he  filled  a  similar  po- 
sition in  the  office  of  the  Wabash  Railroad,  and 
for  three  years  was  Freight  Foreman  for  the 
same  Road.  The  latter  period  of  service  ter- 
minated Mr.  Fassett's  connection  with  Rail- 
roading, since  which  dale  he  has  lived  u])on  a 
portion  of  the  original  purchase  of  his  father  in 
1832,  and  has  devoted  his  time  to  (arming  and 
dealing  in  real  estate.  The  rapid  growth  of 
the  City  of  Toledo  has  greatly  enhanced  the 
value  of  Mr.  Fassett's  property,  a  large  portion 
of  which  has  been  converted  into  City  building 
lots.  At  the  time  of  its  purchase  it  was  an  uncul- 
tivated tract,  covered  with  woods,  upon  which 
for  many  years  stood  a  log-house,  the  home  of 
Dr.  Fassett  and  family. 

Mr.  Fassett's  father  and  an  elder  brother 
were  the  proprietors  of  the  first  Tavern  erected 
in  the  Fall  of  1832,  on  tiie  West  side  of  Summit 
Street,  ne^'  Locust  Street,  a  portion  of  the  City 
at  that  time  known  as  Vistula.  Upon  the  same 
site  was  aftcn'wards  erected  a  hotel,  known  a8 
the  Mansion  House,  and  later  as  the  Franklin 
House.  James  Irvine  Browne,  the  publisher 
of  the  fii'st  newspaper  in  Toledo,  boanled  with 
Mr.  Fassett's  father  in  1834.  The  first  edition 
of  his  paper  published  during  that  jear  was  de- 
livered by  young  Fassett,  who  has  a  distinct 
recollection  of  its  appearance  and  the  primitive 
manner   in    which    it   was   printed.     "To  Mr. 


fiSR 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Browne,"  says  Mr.  Passett,  "  is  due  the  credit 
of  first  sugijesting  the  name  for  the  present 
City  of  Toledo." 

Mr.  Fassett  was  married  May  7,  1857,  to 
Mary  Elizabeth  Wales,  daughter  of  Philander 
Wales,  an  early  settler  in  this  section.  Three 
children  have  been  born  to  them — Mary  Alena, 
born  March  22,  1858;  Mabel,  born  October  29, 
1868,  and  John  Elias,  born  November  4,  1862, 
who  died  in  infancy. 

Mr.  Fassett  is  a  Democrat,  but  has  never 
taken  an  active  part  in  politics.  For  six  years 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Equalization, 
an  appointment  conferred  upon  him  for  his  con- 
ceded fitness  for  the  position,  and  without 
solicitation  on  his  part.  The  duties  of  this  office 
he  performed  with  entire  satisfaction.  By 
nature  the  excitement  and  turmoil  of  political 
life  are  distasteful  to  him,  while  attention  to 
his  private  business  has  engrossed  his  time  and 
form  more  congenial  pursuits.  Mr.  Fassett  has 
led  a  quiet  life  befitting  his  natural  taste,  and 
has  found  iiis  greatest  pleasure  around  the  do- 
mestic circle,  where  he  is  revered  and  loved. 
His  business  life  has  been  marked  by  the 
exercise  of  the  strictest  regard  for  right  and 
justice.  In  all  the  relations  of  life,  he  has 
proved  himself  both  honorable  and  manly,  and 
has  secured  the  confidence  and  esteem  of  all 
who  know  him. 


tection,  and  employed  men  in  the  different 
divisions  of  their  territory  to  inspect  Vessels, 
and  report  their  condition.  Mr.  Herrick  was 
employed  by  this  Board  as  Marine  Inspector, 
his  district  extending  from  Toledo  to  Cleveland. 
This  position  he  held  for  several  years,  and 
subsequently  acted  in  a  similar  capacity  for  the 
Fire  and  Marine  and  Toledo  Mutual  Insurance 
Companies.  For  many  successive  years  he  was 
appointed  Harbor  Master  b}'  the  City  Council, 
a  position  he  filled  most  acceptably. 

Mr.  Herrick  was  married  December  ii,  1846, 
with  Margaret  Van  Fleet,  daughter  of  Jared 
Van  Fleet,  an  early  settler  in  Lucas  Countj-. 
Seven  children  have  been  born  to  them,  four  of 
whom  are  now  living,  the  others  having  died 
in  infanc}^.  Their  living  children,  in  oi'der  of 
birth,  are:  Thomas  C,  born  February  24, 1848; 
Mattie  E.,  born  April  17,  1853,  now  the  wife  of 
Elmer  Shealds  ;  Clara,  born  April  16,1860,  wife 
of  Charles  Beard;  and  Anna,  born  April  6, 
1865,  wife  of  John  Schweikert. 

Captain  Herrick,  as  he  is  familiarlj^  known, 
retired  from  active  business  about  ten  years 
since.  He  is  genial  in  disposition  and  enjoys 
the  esteem  and  respect  of  all  who  know  him. 
For  many  jears  he  led  a  busy  and  active  life  in 
the  earlj'  River  and  Ijake  navigation,  and  is  now 
enjo3-ing  a  well-earned  repose,  surrounded  by 
relatives  and  friends. 


CALVIN  HERRICK,  one  of  the  oldest  liv- 
ing Lake  Cajrtains  in  this  section,  is  a  son  of 
James  S.  and  Martha  (Sharpsteen)  Herrick, 
and  was  born  in  Richmond,  Ontario  County, 
New  York,  January  19, 1819.  In  1823  his  par- 
ents came  to  Ohio  and  settled  at  Maumce. 
Here  his  father  carried  on  his  trade  (black- 
smithing).  Shortly  after  they  moved  to  Water- 
ville,  but  while  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was 
a  lad  his  parents  returned  to  New  York,  and 
settled  in  Livingston  County.  Here  young 
Herrick  remained  until  16  years  of  age,  when 
he  came  to  Perry sburg,  and  assisted  his  brother 
Elijah  in  transporting  merchandise  by  team 
from  that  place  to  Providence.  In  1837  he 
commenced  his  career  in  Lake  navigation,  by 
entering  the  employ  of  Captain  Curtis  Perry, 
on  the  Schooner  Caroline,  with  whom  he  sailed 
until  1845 — the  last  two  years  as  Mate.  In 
1845  he  was  made  Captain  of  the  Schooner 
Kentucky,  owned  by  D.  B.  Smith  of  Maumee, 
a  position  he  held  for  a  year  and  a  half  For 
two  years  following  he  was  Mate  of  the  Pro- 
peller Globe,  commanded  by  Captain  Henry 
Whitmore.  Ho  was  the  Captain  of  the 
Schooner  Alvan  Bronson  ten  years.  In  1852 
he  became  Captain  of  the  Henry  A.  Kent, 
which  ho  successfully  commanded  until  she 
was  destroyed  by  fire  May  18,  1854,  Fol- 
lowing this  date  he  commanded  the  Scioto 
for  two  years.  In  1856  the  Marine  In- 
surance Companies  along  the  Lakes  formed 
a  Board  of  Lake  Underwriters  for  mutual  pro- 


MAERIAGES  AND  DEATHS. 

From  the  files  of  the  Toledo  papers  have  been 
collected  the  following  record  of  early  marriages  and 
deaths  of  residents  of  Toledo : 

MARRIAGES. 

At  Lockport,  N.  Y.,  October  9,  1837,  Roswell  W.  Cheney  and 
Miss  Lucy  W.  Daniels  Tlie  bride  was  a  sister  of  the  Daniels 
brothers,"so  intimately  connected  with  Toledo  throughout  its 
history.  Mr.  Cheney  opened  a  store  in  the  City  in  November, 
1837,  and  died  there  many  ,vears  since.  Mrs.  C.  is  now  living 
with  her  daughter.  Mrs.  Enierv  D.  Potter,  jr. 

At  Cleveland,  October.'i,  18.37,  11.  A,  Acklcy,  M,  D.,  of  Toledo, 
and  Miss  Sophia  S.  Howell,  of  Willoughbv. 

October  3,1837,  at  Troy,  N.  Y.,  John"  Jay  Newcomb,  of  To- 
ledo, and  Miss  Mary  Marshall. 

October  12, 1837,  in  Breoksville,  Ohio,  J.  H.  McBride,  Editor 
of  the  Miami  of  the  Lake  (Perrysbnrgi.and  Miss  Chirissa  Patriclc. 

December  20,  1839,  at  bhioCity  (now  in  Cleveland)  Daniel  O. 
Morton,  of  Toledo,  and  Miss  Elizabeth  Tyler,  of  the  former 
place. 

November  20,  1840,  William  C.  Blodgett  and  Mary  Selden. 

January  15,  1840,  Abel  W.  Fairbanks,  publisher  of  the  Blade, 
and  Miss  .\lice  Holmes. 

AtTecumseh,  Mich..  December  35.  1840,  Mr.  Arthur  Hughes 
and  Miss  Maria  Brown :  and  Mr.  Samuel  F.  Lester  and  Miss 
Cornelia  Eliza  Brown,  were  married  by  Rev.  Wm.  N.  Lester: 
both  brides  being  daughters  of  Gen.  Jos.  W'.  Brown. 

January  23,  1S41,  O.  C.  Smith  and  Matilda  McCartv,  both  of 
Toledo. 

At  Toledo,  October  24,  \m\,  Levi  Snell  and  Jane  Clyde. 

Toledo,  October  2Pi,  1841,  Chas.  F.  Abbott  and  Fanny  T.  Story. 

Toledo,  December  30,  1841,  Valentine  H.  Ketcham  and 
RBchel  Ann  Berdan. 

Toledo,  January  5,  1842,  Daniel  Segur  and  Lucv  Keeler. 

Pawtucket,  K.  L,  October  25,  1841,  Rev.  Geo.  R.  Ha-swcU  and 
Abby  A.  Lord.  Soon  after  his  marriage,  Mr.  Haswell  came  to 
Toledo  as  Pastor  of  the  Presbyterian  (now  First  Congrega- 
tional) Church. 

Toledo,  May  0,  1842,  Thomas  Dunlap  and  Jeanuelte  Allen. 

Toledo,  May  23,  1847,  Harrison  H.  Dodd  and  Ann  Maria 
Bradford. 

Maumee  City,  July  18, 1843,  Denison  B  Smith  and  Mary 
Sophia  Hunt. 

Toledo,  August  1,  1843,  John  R.  Bond  and  Eliza  Peckham. 

Toledo,  June  4,  1843,  Wm    W.  Consaul  and  Priscilla  Hoag. 

Norwalk,  Decembers,  1843,  Benj.  D.  Tilden  of  Toledo,  and 
Jane  Eliza  Latimer. 

Toledo,  December  27,  1843,  James  Murray  and  Elizabeth 
Valentine. 


PERSONAL  MENTION. 


fiSO 


WilIoughl)y,  0.,  June  R,  1W3,  Emery  D.  Potter  and  Jfary  A. 
C"ard. 

Toledo,  Jan.  4,  1843,  Geo.  R.  Perkins  and  Elizabeth  J,  Acres. 
New  York,  October  9,  1843,   Chas.  \V.  Hill  and  Elizabeth  C. 
Titiis. 

Toledo,  Nov.  16,  1848,  Robert  W.  Titus  and  Eliza  A.  Stocking. 
New  York,  October  15,  1S44,  <lideon  W.  Weed  and  Rebecca 
Clarke. 

Toledo.  July  7,  1844,  Ilezekiah  L.  Hosiner  and  Jane  Thomp- 
son. 

Buffalo,  N.  Y..   Oct    13.   1S45,   Egbert  H.  Brown  and  Mary  S. 
Davison . 

Hetroit,  Oct.  Irt.  l*t.'.,  Gilbert  F.  Hood  ami  .lane  K.  Bnrnhani. 

Toledo,  Dec.  (i.  1844.  .\ndrew8hnrtz  and  Harriet  M.  I-'recnian. 

Toledo,  April  34,  1.S45,  Wm.  C.  Cheney  and  .\nn  E.  Glenn. 

War.-iaw.   N.  Y'.,  July  2.5.   1844,    Samnel    S.   Blanchard  and 
Helen  Wilder. 

Toledo,  August  9, 1845.  Jas.  S.  Fifieldand  Sarah  Hanks. 

.'^anford  W.  Freeman  and  Christiana  Crane,  in  Toledo.    .\u- 
gust  21,  1845, 

St.  Clairsville,  C,  Feb.  Vi,  1846,  Chas.  H.  Williams  and  Sarah 
C.  Thomas. 

Toledo,  Mav,  1846.  Elijah  S.  Hanks  and  Mary  Smith. 

Toledo,  Dec-  3.  1S46,  Calvin  Derrick  aud  Margaret  Van  Fleet. 

East  Granville.  Mass.,  July  7,  1847,  J.  Austin  Scott  and  Sarah 
S.  Rannev. 

Toledo,  April  6,  1848,  Thomas  Watkins,  Jr.,  and  Mary  Wiley. 
Detroit,  May  14,   181S,   Alex.  H.  Newcomb    and    .Susannah 
Horner. 

Toledo,  August  13,   1849,  Joel  W.  Kelsev  and  Mary  Jane 
Ryder. 

Toledo,  August  15,  1849,  James  Devean  and  Sarah  E.  Clark. 

Toledo,  August  16,  1849,  Thomas  C.  Mavhcw  and  Albertine 
V.  Fitch. 

Toledo.  July  9, 1849,  Milton  Smith  and  Sarah  A.  Crane. 

Ni  irwalk.  August  28, 1849,  Wni  Baker  and  Frances  C.  Latimer. 

Buffalo,  Sept    12,  1.^49,  Hez.  L.  Hosmer  and  Marv  D.  Stower. 

Dayton.  Sept.  19.  1849.  Truman   C.   Everts  and   Elouise  H. 
Morrison. 

Geneseo,  N    Y.,  Sept.  18,  1849,  Timothy  Tredwell  and  Sarah 
M.  Bakewell. 

Toledo,  Sept.  6,  1849,  Piatt  Card  and  Miss  M.  Waite. 

December  5, 1.849,  Horace  X.  Howland  and  Mary  I).  Medsger. 

Toledo,  Jan.  31,  1850,  John  W.  Walterhouse,  Jr.  and  Frances 
Windmill. 

Albion,  Pa.,  July  11,  18tO,  Salmon  H.  Keeler  and  Sarah  A. 
Denison. 

Toledo,  October  16,  1850,  Milton  E.  Buckingham  and  JIary  M. 
Berdan. 

Milan,  O.,  April  9,  1860,  Calvin  Cone  and  Adaline  Dwight. 

Toledo,  Deo.  6,  1853,  E.  Clark  Blodgett  and  Fanny  M.  Deyo. 

Toleilo.  Jan.  17,  1853,  Capt.  James  Draper  and  Ellen  Wilson 

Findlay,  June  30.  1853,  Burleigh   B.  Barney  and   Elizabeth 
Westenhaer.  ~* 

Toledo,  July  2,  1853,  Christian  Woehler  and  Ruhania  \\'ester- 
field. 

Toledo,  July  6, 1853,  Uranus  McWaine  and  Eliza  C.  Cheney. 

Toledo,  July  27,  1853,  Oscar  S.  Ball  and  Mary  .\nn  I'dwards. 

Toledo,  .\ug.  3,  18.53,  10.  I>wight  Nve  and  Frances  L.  Collins. 

Toledo,  Sept.  6,  1853,  John  li.  Whitaker  and  Catherine  Mc- 
Donald. 

Indianapolis,  Ind.,  Nov.  8,  1853,  \Vm.  H.  Bennett,  of  Toledo, 
and  Helen  Rent. 

Bellevue,  O.,  Dec.  2.5, 1853,  Maro  Wheeler  and  Mrs.  Susan  A. 
White. 

Toledo,  June  6,  1853,  John  Sinclair  and  Ann  S.  Perigo. 

Hillsdale,  June  16,  1853,  Charles  Pratt  and  Sophia  Fowler. 

Seneca  Falls,  N.  Y'.,  Jan.  12,  1854,  W.  S.  B.  Hnbbell  and  Laura 
Hoskins. 

Newark.  N.  J.,  May  2,  1854,  Albert  G.  Clark  and  Julia  .M. 
Ward. 

Delphos,  Nov.  18, 1852.  A.  T.  Stebbins  and  Elizabeth  B.  Colton. 

Toledo,  Jan.  11,  1853,  Henrv  Merrill  and  Lcuisc  M,  Pheatt. 

Toledo,  July  7.  1854.  Daniel  H.  Nve  and  ICmnin  1>.  Swift. 

Toledo,  Nov.  28.  18.54,  Wm.  S.  Williams  and  .Martha  Church  ; 
and  F.  A.  Schmocker  and  Sarah  B.  Church,  all  of  Toledo. 

Dec.  31,  1854.  Minot  L  Wilcox  and  Emma  Finney. 

Wareham,  Mass.,  Jan.  14,  1855,  Ira  E.  Lee.  of  Toledo,  and 
Mary  E.  Tollman. 

Marshall.  Mich.,  Jan.  21,  18.57,  Chas.  Pratt  and  KateSherring. 

Toledo,  March  21,  1857,  Marvin   K.   Draper  and  Christiana 
Kinney. 

Toledo,  April  20,  18.57.  T.  C.  Strong  and  Marian  L.  Freeman. 

Toledo,  April  23,  18.57,  Frank  Braisted  and  Helen  M.  Fisk. 

Toledo,  March  10,  1857,  George  Dakin  and  Jenny  Keeler. 

Newark,  N.  J.,  May  21, 1857,   Richard  Waite,  of  Toledo,   and 
Alice  J.  Voris. 

Lima.  Indiana,  October,  1.S.57,  Dr.  Robert  L.  Evans,  of  Toledo, 
and  Caroline  James. 

Toledo,  May  7,  1857,  Ellas  Fassett  and  Mary  E.  Wales. 

Cleveland,  June  15,   1857,   Elijah  G.   Crane  and  .Vnnie   M. 
Rhoades. 

Richfield  Spa,  New  Y'ork.  September  3,  1857,  Charles  B.  Roff 
and  Clara  Manly. 

Toledo,  September  16.  1857,  Charles  M.  Mowburv  and  Jennie 
M.  Blodgett. 

Toledo.  Nov.  10,  1857,  C.  C.Rodgersand  Catherine  A.  Dodd. 

Toledo,  Dec.  1.5,  1857,  Andrew  Shurtz  and  Miss  E.  Averv. 

Toledo,   March  23,  1858,   Noah   A.  Whitney  and   Mrs.  Eliza 
Eldred. 

Lafayette,  Indiana,  March  27, 1858,  C.  S.  Tarbox  and  Minerva 
J.  Tiramons. 


Stewartstown.  N.  IT..  .Tuly  11,   IRW,  TV.   A.  C.  Converse,  ot 
Toledo,  and  Mary  Tibbetls. 

Toledo,  Sept.  15,  1858,  John  J.  Worts  and  Frances  F.  Brigham. 

Toledo,  Oct  II),  18.M,  Albert  S.  Doolevand  Gertrude  Yardlev. 

Krennint,  Oct.  13,  1858,  .lohn  E.  Hunt,  Jr.,  and  Mrs.  Virginia 
J.  .Mitchell. 

Toledo.  Nov.  11,  1858.  Wm.  T.  French  and  .^blria  c.  Curtlss. 

Toledo,  Nov.  25.  1858,  Henry  (i.  stjindarl  and  Myra  1!.  Allen. 

Toledo.  Nov  2,  1858.  .lames  R.  Tvler  and  Louisa  .\rnold. 

Toledo.  Dec.  2.  18.5S ,  c.  C.  .Schenck  and  Margaret  P.  Robinson. 

Toledo.  Dec.  7, 1858,  mnirles  Dodge  ami  Calista  E.  Palmer. 

Toledo,  Jan.   2ti,   1859.  Dr.  W.  C.  Daniels  and  Charlotte  W. 
Haskell. 

Toledo,  Jan.  10,  18.59,  George  W.  Gove  and  Esther  Irwin 

Rochester.  New  York.  .Ian.  13,  18.59,  Ebenezer  Walbridge  and 
Sarah  .\.  Cornell. 

Dccrmont,  New  York.  Jan.  18,    18.59,  J.  II.  Maples  and  Marv 
11.  Swords. 

Toledo,  Jan.  19,  ia59,  E.  B.  Hvdc  and  Lydia  R.  Fitch. 

New  York.  June  28,   1859,   Chas.   B.   Phillips  and  Maria  E. 
-Tohnson. 

Seville.  Ohio,  Julv  3,  1859,  L.  A.  Parker  and  Mary  E.  Dowd. 

Poland,  Ohio,  Sep"t  1,  1859,  Isaac  R.  Sherwood  and  Kate  .M. 
Brownlee. 

Cape  Vincent,  New   York,  Sept.   15.  18.59,  Z.  C.  Plieatt  and 
.\ugusta  Buckley. 

Flovd,  New  York,  Sei>t.  14,  1859.  Wm.  B.  Thorne  and  Louise 
L.  Mouiton. 

Onondaga,  New  York,  Sept.  7.  1859.   Robert  Cummings  and 
.Marv  P.  Woolston. 

Toledo,  Oct.  B,  1,8.59.  Harvcv  P.  Piatt  and  Marv  Oswald. 

Toledo,  Oct.  20.  18.59,  Wm.  Chamberlain  and  Maria  Thorn. 

Texas,  Ohio,  Oct.  26,  18.59.  Cvrus  11.  Coy  and  .Mary  A.  Roach. 

Toledo,  Oct.  29,  18.59.  Peter  Faskin  and  Catherine  S.  Gilchrist. 

Toledo,  Nov.  21,18.59,  Russell  J.  Skidnu)re. Mid  Nettie  Raymer. 

Tole<lo,  Dec.  1.  1859.  W.  B.  Push  and  N.  D.  Bronson. 

lirownville.  New  York.  Dec.  5.  19.59.  William   Henry  Smith 
and  Elizabeth  C.  Brown. 

Toledo,  Dec.  7,  18.59.  Wm   T.Clark  and  Harriet  L.  Windmill. 

Toledo,  Jan.  1,  1801,  Leonard  Wilcox  and  Hannah  E.  Taylor. 

Toledo,  .Tan.  2,  1861.  Alliert  1..  White  iimi  Adelia  S    Ainger. 

Varick,  N.  V  ,  Jan.  2,  1861,  R.  F.  Russell  and  Sn.san  A.  Fra.ser. 

Buffalo,  N.  Y'.,  Feb. 4,  1.861,  Wm.   H.   Machcn  and  Marv  A. 
Short. 

Boston,  .\pril  25,  1861,  Maurice  A.  Scott  and  Mary  B.  Mes- 
singer. 

Toledo,  May  21,  1861,  Ira  H.  Spear  and  Laura  Burger. 

Toledo,  May  28,  1861.  W.  S.  Brainard  and  Kate  Thomas. 

Toledo.  April  17,  1861,  T.  P.  Brown  and  Frances  A.  Hampton. 

Troy,  N.  Y.,  May  29,  1801,  Edmuud  Yardley  and   Louise  A. 
Mosher 

Erie,  Mich..  June6,  1861,  Christian  Hertzler.  Jr.,  and  Belle 
Mnlholland. 

.Sharon.  Mich.,  Aug.  26,  1861,  Henrv  L.   Phelps  and  I^ouisa 
Fairchikl. 

Cincinnatus,  N.  Y'.,  Oct.  10,  1861,   George  F.  Dennison  and 
Jennie  S.  White. 

Toledo,  Oct.  14,  1861.  Jerome  L,  St  ration  and  Lizzie  Uiwton. 

Toledo,  Sept.  19.  18i>l.  John  Daibcrand  Marv  M.  Thacher. 

Celina,  O.,  Oct.  15.  1861.  Eli  M.  Ashley  and  Sue  E.  Riley. 

Tfiledo,  Nov.  1,  1861,  Frederick  Valentine  and  Clara  B.  Hoag. 

Toledo,  Nov.  14,  1861,  Thomas  Bladen  and  Isabella  Durell. 

Toledo,  Dec.  5,  1.S61,  A.  W.  Barlow  and  llattic  H.  .Mav. 

Toledo,  Dec.  4,  1861,  Geo.  .Bulterfleld  and  Mrs.  Sarah  M. 
Russell. 

Toledo,  .Tan.  29, 1862.  Denison  B.  Smith  and  Julia  E.  Hunt. 

Toledo,  .Tan.  30,  1863,  Col.  Stephen  J.  McGroarty  and  -Mary 
Knaggs. 

Toledo,  Feb.  11, 1862.  J.  D.  Dezendorf  and  .Mary  A.  Sivift. 

East  Toledo,  Feb.  9,  1862,  Horace  A.  Thatcher  and  Caroline 
Waldcck. 

Cleveland,  Feb.  12,  1862,   Leverelt  J.    Bush  and  Harriet  I. 
Wilson 

Toledo.  .Vpril  30,  18ti2,  .fames  N    Fahnestock  and  Tannic  A. 
Morris. 

Toledo,  Mav  21,  1862.  Ja.s.  C  Messer  and  .Marion  M.  Lillelnnd. 

Blissfield,  Mich.,  -May  27,  1.862,  C.  L.  Harrison  and  Jennie  E. 
Carpenter. 

Gilead,  Ohio,  Mav  1,  1862,  Stephen  S.  Laskey  and  Mary  Pratt. 

Toledo,  June  16,  1.862,  Augustin  F.   Machen  and  Constance 
Machen. 

Toledo,  A\ig.  19,  1862,  Scott  Hilchens  and  .\))phya  Avery. 

Toledo,  Aug.  |13,   1862,   Edward  P.  Sprague  and  Maximilia 
Morris. 

Toledo,  Sept.  22.  1862.  Oliver  Dean  and  .Vgncs  A.  Brown 

Toledo,  Sept.  23,   1862.   .\lanson   Skinner  and  Mrs    Ermina 
Pheatt. 

Tidedo,  Aug.  18,  1862.  Charles  Palmer  and  Sojihia  Schotiler. 

Toledo.  Oct.  1,  1862.  11.  C.  Nicholas  and  Emma  Edwards. 

New  Bedford.  O.,  Sept    1i>,  1862.  tJeorgc  W.  Hart  and  Aman- 
da Burgcrt. 

Cincinnati.  Jan.  15,  1863,  .Teremiah  T.  Dewey,  of  Toledo,  and 
I,aura  Z.  Henderson. 

Toledo,  Jan.  20,  1863,  John  Richards  and  ICmilv  J.  Woodrnfl. 

Toledo.  Jan.  6,   1863,   Edward   H.   Bradslniw  and  Lillie  M. 
llarger. 

Toledo,  Jan.  28,  1863.  Jidin  Williams  aiui  Eliza  J.  Hicks. 

Toledo.  Feb.  3.  1863,  John  H.  Mouiton  and  Marv  E.  Scott 

Toledo.  I'eb.  17,   1863,   Francis  X     Berlanger  and   Ellen  M. 
Kernick. 

Mt.  Vernon,  Ohio,  Feb.  8,  1863,  James  M.  Whitney  and  Imo- 
gene  Nicholas. 


690 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Toledo,  Feb  5. 1863.  Walter  Hamlin  and  Harriet  Blandon. 
Toledo,  March  25,  1863,  Kruderick  C.  Kipley  and  Frances  Hall 

Toledo,  May  .5,  1863,  Dr.  Solomon  Stough  and  Lizzie  S.  Car- 
Toledo,  Mav  7, 1863,  Charle.s  H.  Waite  and  Ella  Stevens. 

Toledo,  Mai-  2(i.  18()3.  Robert  K.  .Tust  and  Emelia  M.  Stephan. 

Toledo,  .Tune  IS,  1863,  Martin  Bijur  and  Harriet  Kraus. 

East  Toledo,  Dec.  m.  I.S63.  Stillman  Brown  and  Mary  Fisher. 

New  York,  Dec.  ■23,18ia,01iver  S.  Bond  aud  Clara  A.  Raymond. 

Toledo,  Dec.  31,  1863,  Fred  F.  Sanblani-t  and  Helen  M.  Miller. 

Adrian,  Mich.  Jan.  1864,  Newton  A.  Marsh  and  Nellie  M.  Crit- 
tenden. 

Peoria,  111,  Jan .7, 186(.  D.  N.  Bash  and  Josephine  R.  Ballance. 

Toledo  Jan   13,  1864,  Jos,  L.  Beach  and  Laura  C.  Osborn. 

Iji  Salle.  Mich,  Jan.  18.  1864,  Lient.  E.  S.  Dodd  and  Sarah  E. 
Eouch 

Toledo,  Feb.  24,  18i)4.  M.  H  Gill  and  Libbie  T.  Ketcham. 

Toledo,  Feb.  27.  1864,  James  D.  Cook  and  Clarissa  A.  Town. 

East  Toledo,  Feb.  7,  1864,  Rev.  Ezra  Howland  and  Olive 
Jennisor.. 

Toledo,  March  9, 1864,  Norman  Waite  and  .\nnie  E.  .Swift. 

East  Toledo,  April  28,  1864,  John  C.  Kelcham  and  Mary  Davis. 

Dtiyton,  Oct.  31.  1866,  Edwin  C.  Shaw  and  .\lice  Winters. 

Toledo,  Oct.  1866,  Henrv  J.  i;hase  and  Sarah  L.  Bailey. 

Bergen,  N.  J.,  April  17,  1.S6",  Abram  W.Coltonand  Kate  Van 
Horn. 

Columbns,  Oct. 16,1867,  Gen.  Jas. W.  Forsyth, of  Gen.  Sheridan's 
Staff,  and  formerly  of  .Maumee  City,  and  Lizzie,  daughter  of  ex- 
Gov.  Dennison. 

Toledo,  May  13,1868.  Jessap  W.  Scott  2d.  and  Mary  J.  Monroe. 

Toledo.  June  3,  18B8,  Geo.  C   Pepper  and  Fannie  L.  Peckham. 

Toledo,  June  4,  1868,  Leandcr  Burdick  and  Jennie  S.  Walker. 

Toledo,  June  8,  1868, Wm.  H.  H.  Smith  and  Julia  W  Griswold. 

Monroe,  Mich.,  June  10, 181V*,  Edward  D.  Moore  and  Zorah  R. 
Compton. 

Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  27,  186!),  Frank  S.  Thorn  and  Georgia  Ste- 
phenson, 

Toledo,  May  18,  1869,  Junius  A.  Flasg  and  Mary  E.  Haskell. 

Toledo,  May  27, 1S69,  b.  M.  Pennock  and  Carrie  Eaton. 


DRESDEN  "W.  H.  HOAATARD  was  borii  in 
Yates  Couuty,  New  York,  November  3,  1817. 
He  was  a  sou  of  Edward,  his  grandfather  being 
Thomas  Howard.  May  22,  1821,  the  grand- 
father, with  his  sons  Edward,  Robert  A.  and 
Richard,  their  wivesand  twochihiren  (Dresden 
and  a  cousin  named  vSidnes),  and  a  daughter 
of  Sidney  H.  Nelson,  left  their  pleasant  homes 
on  the  banks  of  Seneca  Lake,  near  Geneva,  for 
the  West.  The  grandfather  rode  on  horseback, 
the  families  and  small  supplies  of  clothing  and 
household  goods  being  loaded  into  two  two-horse 
covered  wagons.  In  due  time,  over  roads  almost 
impassable,  the  party  reached  the  then  Village 
of  Buffalo.  Here,  the  grandfather,  with  the  wo- 
men and  children,  embarked  on  board  a  30-ton 
Schooner  (name  not  remembered),  commanded 
by  Captain  Anson  Reed,  for  a  long  and  peril- 
ous voyage  to  Fort  Meigs,  14  miles  above  the 
mouth  of  the  Maumee  River.  This  destination 
was  reached  at  dusk,  June  17th,  after  a  trip  of 
26  days,  where  they  were  cordially  welcomed 
by  the  few  white  settlers  at  "  Orleans,"  the  little 
hamlet  under  the  Fort.  Dresden's  recollection 
of  the  scene  that  met  his  view  on  entering  the 
mouth  of  the  River,  about  10  o'clock  A.  m.,  is 
yet  very  clear  to  him.  The  dark  color  of  the 
water  of  the  River  was  in  strong  contrast  with 
that  of  the  clear  water  of  the  Lake.  The  scene 
of  chief  interest  as  they  slowly  passed  up  tlie 
stream,  consisted  of  the  white  tents  of  Indians 
camped  on  the  West  bank,  from  the  house  of 
Major  Stickney  (near  Bush  Street),  to  the 
mouth  of  Swan  Creek — the  Indians  being  there 
on  business  with  Major  Stickuey,  then  Indian 
Agent  for  the  Government.  They  were  ac- 
tively engaged  in  racing  and  other  sports  pecu- 


liar to  Indians ;  but  upon  discovering  the  little 
Vessel,  thej'  gave  one  wild  (to  the  pa.ssengers, 
unearthly)  yell,  and  ran  down  the  bank,  to  get 
as  near  as  possible  to  the  craft.  While  the  boy 
was  deeply  interested  in  the  scene,  the  women 
were  crouched  in  deadly  fear  on  the  deck  at 
such  first  view  of  the  locality  which  was  to  be 
their  home.  The  Vessel  made  slow  progress 
up  the  River,  with  nothing  to  be  seen  but  the 
primeval  forest  which  lined  its  banks,  and  a 
deer  and  her  fawn  which  had  sought  protection 
in  the  water  from  swarms  of  musquitoes,  or 
from  .some  huugiy  wolf  In  due  time,  the  end 
of  the  journey  was  reached.  The  teams  were 
many  days  behind  the  arrival  of  the  Vessel, 
they  having  in  bad  roads — especially  through 
the  "  Black  Swamp  " — more  to  overcome  than 
the  calms  and  adverse  winds  of  the  Lake. 
The  real  destination  of  the  party  was  Tecum- 
seh,  or  Anau-ba  (now  known  as  Ann  Ar- 
bor), Michigan ;  but  the  persuasions  of  the 
Hollisters,  Spaflfords,  For.syths,  General  Hunt 
and  other  residents  induced  them  to  stop, 
when  they  soon  were  quartered  in  little  cabins 
of  bark-covered  walls.  Some  cleared  land  was 
rented,  and  a  small  crop  of  corn,  potatoes, 
pumpkins,  squashes,  etc.,  soon  planted.  With 
"  dog-days"  came  ague  and  fever,  attended  by 
want  and  privation  known  to  none  but  the 
pioneer.  Several  times  the  entire  family  was 
prostrated,  with  no  one  able  to  attend  upon  the 
sick.  The  frosts  of  October  were  patiently- 
awaited  as  the  only  source  of  relief  to  the 
sufferers;  which  season  was  made  the  more 
grateful  for  the  abundant  supplies  of  fish  and 
corn-"  pone,"  which  it  brought.  The  grand- 
father had  little  means  with  which  to  start  in 
the  new  home.  He  first  entered  160  acres  of 
Government  lands,  where  now  is  the  Village  of 
Woodville,  Sandusky  County  ;  but  the  Black 
Swamp  proved  too  much  for  him,  and  he 
abandoned  his  purchase,  subsequently  selling 
it  to  Amos  E.  Wood,  the  founder  of  Woodville. 
In  1822,  lands  were  jiurchased  at  Grand  Rapids, 
Wood  County,  when  cabins  were  built  for 
Edward,  Robert  A.  and  Richard  Howard;  and 
in  the  Spring  of  1823  they  cut  a  road  from  the 
Indian  Mission,  eight  miles  below,  through  a 
dense  wilderness  to  the  Grand  Rapids  of  the 
Manmee,  and  founded  a  settlement  immediately 
opposite  the  Ottawa  Indian  Village  of  Kin-jo-i- 
no  and  Reservation  of  12  miles  square,  at  the 
head  of  the  Ra])ids. 

All  of  the  families,  with  the  grandfather, 
lived  upon  their  original  purchases,  cleared 
away  the  forests,  and  made  for  themselves 
comfortable  homes  (save  Robert  A.,  who  sold 
his  place  in  1836,  and  moved  to  what  now  is 
Fulton  County,  where  he  died),  and  in  due 
time  were  "gathered  to  their  fathers,"  their 
bodies  resting  on  the  banks  of  the  Maumee. 
within  hearing  of  the  never-ceasing  murmur 
of  the  Rapids. 

Edward    Howard   (the  father   of    Dresden) 


jS)pf]hm^^ 


PERSONAL  MENTION. 


691 


was  a  Soldier  in  tlio  War  (if  1S12-15,  as  was 
Thomas  in  the  Revolutionary  War.  The  for- 
mer was  at  the  battles  of  Lundy's  Lane  and 
Fort  Erie.  He  was  never  rohu.sl  after  the 
War,  and  died  in  1841.  The  mother  (Nancy 
Haight  Howard)  survived  him  until  1881, 
dj'ing  at  the  age  of  84  year.s,  and  beinif  buried 
beside  her  husband.  The  child i-en  were  Dres- 
den ;  one  brother,  James  Monroe,  born  in  Yates 
County,  New  York;  and  one  sister  (Anjinette), 
born  in  Wood  Count}'.  James  died  in  1841  ; 
and  the  sister  is  the  wife  of  Hon.  George 
Laskej-,  of  Toledo.  Coming  here  in  child- 
hood, with  Indian  boys  for  playmates,  Dres- 
dren  learned  the  languages  of  the  several 
tribes  in  the  Valley,  and  became  more 
or  less  attached  to  Indian  life.  His  inclin- 
ations early  turned  toward  Indian  trade  and 
the  hunter's  life.  The  fur  trade  with  the  tribes 
was  then  a  lucrative  business,  and  his  readiness 
with  their  dialects  made  his  services  in  de- 
maud  b}-  traders,  who  paid  well  for  them. 
With  others,  he  was  emploj'ed  by  Government 
Agents  in  collecting  the  wandering  bands  for 
removal  to  their  new  homes  beyond  the  Missis- 
sippi in  18/i2,  and  again  in  1838.  In  1832  he 
aided  the  removal,  when  they  were  transported 
across  the  country  by  wagons  and  on  the 
backs  of  their  ponies.  For  a  boy,  tiie  trip  was 
attractive.  Scarceh'  any  settlement  was 
passed  for  the  whole  distance.  The  Indians 
were  located  on  the  banks  of  the  Osage  River 
(now  in  Kansas),  where  is  the  Town  of 
Ottawa,  named  for  the  tribe.  In  1840,  Mr. 
Howard  was  employed  by  W.  G.  and  Geo.  W. 
Ewing,  fur  traders  at  Fort  Wayne,  Indiana,  to 
take  a  stock  of  Indian  goods  up  the  Missouri 
River,  and  open  trade  with  the  Omahas,  Mis- 
souries,  lower  Sioux,  Pottawatomies  and  other 
tribes  inhabiting  the  Vallej'  and  tributaries  of 
that  stream.  His  father  and  brother  dying  in 
1841,  made  it  necessary  for  him  to  return  and 
care  for  an  invalid  mother  and  his  sister,  and 
accept  the  more  quiet  life  of  farming  and 
civilization,  for  which  his  previous  experience 
had  done  little  toward  fitting  him.  His 
school  days  (from  seven  to  10  years)  were  en- 
tirely spent  at  the  "  Old  Indian  Mission,"  10 
miles  above  Fort  Meigs,  in  a  School  of  100 
Indian  children — he  being  the  only  White 
pupil,  save  a  few  Indian  and  French  half- 
breed  boys  and  girls.  That  School  was  organ- 
ized by  the  Home  Missionary  Society  of  New 
England,  and  was  closed  upon  the  removal  of 
the  Indians  in  1838. 

The  tribes  inhabiting  the  Valley  of  theMau- 
niee,  and  also  that  of  the  Wabash  and  their 
tributaries,  at  the  time  of  Mr.  Howard's 
earliest  recollections  (and  for  many  years  be- 
fore), were  the  Ottawas,  Pottawatomies,  Mi- 
amis,  We-aws,  Piankishaws,  Shawnoes  and 
Delawares,  with  a  few  of  the  Ochibewas  and 
Muncies.  The  principal  Chiefs  of  the  Ottawas 
were  Na-wash,  0-to-saw,  Char-lo,  Oc-que-nox- 


io,  Kin-jo-a-no,  Ot-to-kec,  Wa-Nc-on,  Wa-se- 
on-i-quet,  and  others.  Of  the  Pottawatomies, 
were  Waw-bon-see.  Haw-beece,  Me-te-ah,  Win- 
a-meg;  of  the  Miamis,  La  Fontain  and  Kich- 
ard-ville,  with  many  others,  whose  names  are 
not  recalled  ;  of  Shawnees,  were  Joseph  and 
William  Parks,  whose  Reservation  was  at  \Va- 
pa-kon-nela.  The  Walkers  (half-breeds)  were 
principal  men  among  the  W3-andotts  at  Upper 
Sandusky.  Tui-key  Foot  (iMis-sis-sa-inzit), 
was  a  noted  Ottawa  Chief,  as  was  0-to-saw. 
Little  Turtle  (Mis-she-kencc)  ]iei-ha])s  was  the 
most  noted,  as  he  was  the  most  intelligent 
Chief  of  the  Miamis,  whom,  Mr.  Howard 
thiTiks,  lies  buiicd  near  Fort  Wayne,  Imliana. 
Turkej-  Foot  was  buried  near  the  rock  from 
which  he  harangued  his  Braves  when  he  fell, 
pierced  with  a  bullet  from  one  of  Wayne's  Sol- 
diers, August  2(1, 17i)4.  Mr.  Howard's  memory 
is  stored  with  facts  and  associations  connected 
with  the  aboriginal  tribes  with  whom  he  was 
so  long  intimate.  When  asked  by  Governor 
Noyes,  of  Ohio,  why  he  always  s])oke  with  such 
special  kindness  of  the  Indians,  he  re])lied, 
"They  have  always,  in  childhood  and  in  man- 
hood, treated  me  with  kindness,  and  I  could 
not  be  ungrateful  for  their  uniform  generositj'. 
Treat  an  Indian  Justly,  and  you  will  secure 
his  friendship  for  life.  Treat  him  illy,  and  you 
have  his  enmity  for  life."  Mr.  Howard's 
])resent  residence  is  on  the  site  of  the  old 
Indian  Village  of  Winameg,  Fulton  County, 
where  the  former  residents  so  long  enjoyed 
savage  life,  and  where  so  many  of  them 
found  their  last  resting  place,  which  is  now 
carefully  protected.  The  Rod  Man  has 
taken  his  last  drink  from  the  shaded 
spring  at  the  foot  of  the  hill,  his  last  look 
upon  the  landscape  so  long  his  pride,  and  now 
sleeps  nearer  the  .setting  Sun.  In  the  S])ring 
of  1827-28,  Mr.  Howard -then  a  boy  of  10 
years — first  visited  thai  localit}-,  and  tliere  ate 
his  first  bowl  of  hominy  and  roast  of  venison, 
and  took  his  first  drink  from  the  pure  waters 
of  the  spring.  The  Indians  had  just  returned 
from  their  Winter  hunting-gi-ounds  in  the  jjine 
and  sugar-maple  forest  of  the  then  wild  Terri- 
ritory,  now  the  fertile  and  rich  State  of  Mich- 
igan, where  they  had  enjoyed  asuccessful  hunt ; 
bringing  in  a  bountiful  su])])ly  of  Maple  sugar 
(of  whicli  they  were  fond).  They  were  having 
their  annual  dance  or  worship  of  the  Great 
Spirit  (Chi  .Manitoo),  returning  thanks  for  suc- 
cess in  the  hunt,  and  asking  for  a  prosperous 
season  to  come.  For  the  Summer,  the  women 
were  to  plant  and  hoe,  while  the  men,  beside 
lounging  about,  were  to  look  for  an  occasional 
deer.  Corn,  beans  and  pumpkins  are  still 
])lanted  there;  but  not  by  the  faithful,  patient 
squaws  of  former  daj's. 

Mr.  Howard,  with  all  his  carl}'  attachment 
for  the  primitive  ways  of  the  Indians,  has  not 
been  backward  in  promoting  the  methods  and 
means    of_Christian    civilization.     For   forty 


692 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


I 


years  past  he  has  been  identified,  to  greater 
or  less  extent  with  the  agricultural,  the 
financial,  the  political,  and  the  social  move- 
ments of  the  age,  seeking  faithfully  to  meet  his 
full  duty  in  these  several  relations  of  life.  In 
promoting  the  construction  of  good  roads,  ele- 
vating the  farming  interests,  and  the  estab- 
lishment of  sound  morals  and  general  educa- 
tion, he  has  been  active.  In  1870  he  repre- 
sented the  Tenth  District  on  the  State  Board 
of  Equalization.  Elected  to  the  State  Senate 
in  1871  from  the  Thirty-Third  District,  he 
served  in  that  body  for  two  years.  In  1860  he 
was  Presidential  Elector,  casting  the  vote  of 
the  Fifth  Congressional  District  for  Abraham 
Lincoln.  Of  all  his  record  in  connection  with 
elections,  that  which  gives  him  his  chief  pride, 
was  made  in  the  fiyht  for  the  exclusion  of  the 
sale  of  intoxicating  liquors  at  Wauseon,  in 
April,  1887.  He  was  appointed  by  Governor 
Foraker,  April  1,  1887,  a  Trustee  of  the  Toledo 
Asj^lum  for  the  Insane,  constructed  for  the  State, 
near  Toledo.  Mr.  Howard  was  married  in 
1843  with  Mary  B.  Copeland.  There  were 
born  to  them  two  children — Osceola  E.  M., 
Civil  Engineer,  of  San  Diego,  California  ;  and 
M.  Agnes,  now  residing  with  her  parents  at 
Wauseon,  Ohio. 

GEORGE  LASKEY.  July  4,  1833  George 
and  Anna  Laskey,  with  their  family  of  ten 
children — Ann,  Elizabeth,  Mary,  Susan,  Jane, 
AVilliam,  George,  Jr.,  Thomas,  John  and  Henry 
S. — left  Devonshire  and  the  shores  of  "  Old 
England,"  their  native  land,  shipping  Y>er  sail- 
ing Vessel  at  Plymouth,  to  seek  a  new  home 
and  better  conditions  in  the  wilds  of  America. 
Seven  weeks  of  time  was  occupied  in  the  Ocean 
voyage  to  New  York  ;  whence  the  Hudson 
Eiver  and  Erie  Canal  supplied  the  onlj-  means 
of  transportation  to  Buffalo.  At  the  latter 
point  the  family  took  passage  on  the  Steamer 
General  Brady,  via  Detroit,  for  Toledo,  then  a 
mere  hamlet,  where  thej'  were  landed  October 
1,  1833,  very  nearly  three  months  having 
elapsed  since  their  departure  from  Ph-mouth. 
The  father  soon  made  provision  for  a  home,  bj" 
the  purchase  of  the  West  half  of  Northwest 
quarter  of  Section  two,  in  Washington  Town- 
ship. The  land  on  which  they  settled,  in  com- 
mon with  the  surrounding  countrj',  was  a  dense 
wilderness,  in  which  a  home  was  to  be  had 
only  with  great  labor  and  self-denial.  Three 
sons  were  born  there  — Stephen  L.,  Samuel  and 
Lewis;  and  there  both  parents  died,  when  the 
farm  was  left  to  Henry. 

George  Laskey,  Jr.,  was  born  in  England, 
August  23,  1824.  August  31,  1837,  he  went 
with  a  sister,  Mrs.  Mary  Scovill.to  Gilead  (now 
Grand  Ea])ids),  Wood  County,  Avliere  he  resided 
until  the  F'all  of  1840,  a  portion  of  which  time 
he  attended  the  District  School  at  Perrysburg, 
taught  by  the  late  Hiram  Davis,  boarding  in 
the  family  of  the  late  John  C.  Spink,  and  pay- 


ing his  way  by  doing  chores  about  the  house 
and  barn.  There  was  then  no  School  nearer 
his  home  than  at  Perrysburg.  In  the  Pall  of 
1840,  with  Mr.  Scovill,  he  went  to  Florida, 
Henry  Count}',  remaining  there  one  year,  when 
he  returned  to  the  "  Head  of  the  Rapids  "  (Prov- 
idence), and  was  there  employed  in  a  small 
store  kept  b}'  Phideas  N earing,  with  wages  at 
$7.00  per  month.  Ere  long  he  crossed  the 
Mauraee  to  Gilead,  and  was  engaged  in  Francis 
Hinsdale's  store,  at  •f8.00  per  month,  of  which  he 
laid  by  $50  per  year,  until  able  to  purchase  120 
aci-es  of  Government  land  at  $1.25  per  acre, 
which  in  time  came  to  be  the  foundation  of  a 
comfortable  fortune.  He  remained  in  the  store 
until  April,  1846,  when  he  became  a  partner  in 
the  business.  This  arrangement  continued  un- 
til the  death  of  Mr.  Hinsdale,  in  1851,  by  whose 
will  the  widow,  ,Mrs.  Jane  Pratt  Hinsdale,  be- 
came the  owner  of  his  interest,  and  with  Mr. 
La.skey,  continued  the  business  for  several 
years.  As  might  have  been  expected,  Mr.  Las- 
key's  known  integrity  and  superior  business 
caijacity  ere  long  attracted  attention  and  sug- 
gested him  as  a  suitable  man  for  public  posi- 
tions, all  which  were  declined  until  he  was  per- 
suaded to  accejjt  the  office  of  Commissioner  of 
Wood  County,  to  which  he  was  elected,  with  a 
large  adverse  (Democratic)  majority,  he  being 
the  candidate  of  the  Whigs,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  same  position.  In  1859  he  was  nomi- 
nated and  elected  as  the  Rejjublican  candidate 
for  State  Senator,  serving  for  two  years,  and 
during  the  inauguration  of  the  War  of  the  Ee- 
bellion,  when  he  was  enabled  to  co-operate  in 
the  measures  by  which  Ohio  was  at  oncejjlaced 
at  the  front  of  loyal  States  in  the  prompt 
and  liberal  means  provided  for  the  support  of 
the  Union.  But  Mr  Laskey's  contribution  to 
that  grand  object,  was  in  the  personal  and  more 
private  aid  he  rendered  that  cause,  i-ather  than 
in  his  official  action,  wise  and  patriotic  as  that 
was.  It  is  deemed  safe  to  say,  that  no  hand 
was  more  ready  or  more  liberal,  in  the  provi- 
sion of  means  for  the  support  of  the  Soldiers 
in  the  field  and  the  comfort  of  their  families  at 
home,  than  was  his.  The  former  were  never 
without  blankets  or  the  latter  without  food 
that  he  could  supply.  Active  and  outspoken 
in  support  of  the  righteousness  of  loyaltj'  to  the 
Union,  he  was  no  less  free  in  pecuniary  aid  of 
thecause  and  ofits friends — thus  contributing  to 
the  suppression  of  theEel)ellion  f:ir  more,  prob- 
ably, than  would  have  been  possible  with  him 
in  the  field.  Like  generosity  has  ever  marked 
ills  relations  with  the  needy  about  him,  hun- 
dreds of  whom  would  bear  witness  to  the  help 
received  in  a  quiet  way  at  his  hands.  In  all  his 
relations  he  has  been  above  question  as 
to  integrity.  Mr.  Laskey's  business  life  has 
been  chiefly  spent  at  Grand  Eapids,  which  was 
his  residence  until  1877,  when  he  returned  to 
Lucas  County,making  his  home  on  Collingwood, 
near  Ashland  Avenue,  Toledo,  where  he  still 


PERSONAL  MENTION. 


693 


resides.  He  retains  important  tnisiness  in- 
terests at  Grand  Rapids,  and  spends  a  large 
portion  of  oat'li  week  among  the  people  with 
wlioni  lie  has  so  long  been  intimatel_y  associated. 
Mr.  Laskej-  was  one  of  the  princijjal  projectors 
and  aiders  of  the  Narrow-Gauge  l\ailwa3'  from 
Toledo  to  Grand  Eapids,  now  the  Toledo,  St. 
Louis  and  Kansa.s  Citj-  (standard-gauge)  Road, 
including  an  extent  of  46U  miles.  For  this  im- 
portant line,  the  West  is  largely  indebted  to 
the  enterprise  of  that  gentleman.  Mr.  Laskey 
was  married  at  Grand  Rapids,  January  1, 1848, 
with  Miss  Anjanette,  daughter  of  Edward  and 
Nancy  Howard,  and  only  sister  of  Hon.  D.  W. 
H.  Howard.  Thej'  have  had  seven  children  — 
Marion,  Edward  George,  Howard  Lincoln, 
Sherman  Tecnmseh,  Gertrude,  Henry  and 
Graeie,  all  of  whom,  except  the  last  named,  are 
living.  Mrs.  Laskey  was  born  at  Grand  Rapids, 
September  G,  1S29.  Her  entire  life  has  been 
spent  in  the  Maumee  Valley — her  earliest  play- 
mates having  been  the  Indian  children  of  the 
neighboring  Village.  She  knows  full  well 
what  are  the  experiences  incident  to  pioneer 
life  in  a  wilderness  ;  and  she  also  knows  some- 
thing of  the  contrast  of  such  life  with  that  of 
advanced  improvement,  which  she  and  her 
large  family  are  permitted  to  enjoy  in  the  same 
locality. 

DE.iTHS. 

Miss  Frances  Davis,  aged  37,  at  the  residence  of  lier  brother, 
J.  Baron  Davis,  Octobfr  51, 18.38. 

Mrs.  ElizalX'th  R  H  Lawton,  aged  26,  in  Toledo,  June  1,  1839. 

Mrs.  Sarah  C.  Ho.-^mer,  at  Perrysburg,  in  .Tune,  1839,  aged  24 
years.  She  was  the  wife  of  Hezeliiah  L  Hosiner,  then  one  of  the 
publishers  of  the  Mauraee  Express. 

Harriet  Tillman,  wife  of  William  C.  Tillman,  aged  32  years,  in 
Toledo,  April  9,  1839. 

Richard  Cooke,  a  youn^  and  promising  attorney,  Nov.  13,1839. 

Mrs  Amanda  Manning,  wife  of  Gabriel  Manning,  in  Toledo, 
Jan.  1,  1810. 

Nicholas  Wales,  printer,  aud  foreman  of  the  composing  room  of 
the  Detroit  Adtertiser,  died  suddenly  in  that  City,  Jan.  3, 1841, 
aged  30  years.  Ten  days  previous  to  his  death.  I  e  "  rode  the  ex- 
press "  with  the  Prepident's  message  from  Toledo  to  Detroit. 

J.  Avery  Titus  came  to  Toledo  from  New  York  City  in  18.38, 
and  until  his  death  in  1841,  was  engaged  in  mercantile  business  (of 
the  firm  of  Titus  &.  Vo.^.     He  was  highly  esteemed. 

Toledo,  Julv  20,  1842,  Harriet  W,  wife  of  Mnuson  H  Daniels, 
aged  30. 

Toledo,  .Jan.  8,  1842,  Mrs.  Charlotte  Hanks,  aged  .53. 

Toledo,  March  9,  1.S42,  Clarissa.'wifeof  Mavor  Brigh.am,  aged  40. 

Barnardson,  Mass,  March  5.  1843,  J.  Baron  Davis,  formerly  of 
Toledo,  aged  39. 

Fairfield,  Ct,  May  4,  1844,  Jesup  Wakeman,  aged  73.  He  was 
an  uncle  of  Jesup  W  Scott,  who  bore  his  name. 

Toledo,  August,  1844.  B  Spafford,  Attorney-at-Law. 

Tremaiuesville,  Oct.  «,  1844,  Mrs  John  W  Collins. 

Toledo,  July  30, 1845,  Wm  A  Chamberlin. 

Toledo,  April  11,  1845,  Elizabeth  J,  wife  of  Dr  G  R  Perkius, 
aged  21. 

Toledo,  Aug.  10, 1845,  .\lfred  Gny,  son  of  Ezra  B  Dodd,  aged  14, 

Toledo,  Jan.  27.  1840,  Frances  C,  wife  of  Wm  H  Newton, 
aged  23. 

Toledo,  April  1:1,  1847,  Lydia  Jane,  wife  of  Joel  W.  Crane, 
aged  37. 

Toledo.  March  13,  1847,  Paul,  infant  son  of  Emery  D,  Potter, 
aged  6  months.  March  14th,  suddenly,  Mary  .\.,  wife  of  E.  D. 
Potter,  aged  34. 

Toledo,  March  17,  1847,  Rev.  D.  J.  Burger,  aged  33.  Deceased 
had  previously  been  the  Rector  of  Trinity  Episcopal  Church. 

March  10,  1818,  James  S.  Filield,  while  practicing  with  a  ride 
in  Toledo,  accideutallv  shot  James  Carter,  who  died  therefrom 
on  the  13th. 

Toledo,  Julv  28,  1849,  of  cholera,  James  Clark,  aged  37. 

Toledo,  July  28,  1819.  of  cholera,  Isaac  Titus.  He  had  just 
been  appointed  Postmaster  at  Toledo. 

Toledo,  August  5,  1849,  Ellen,  wife  of  David  Johnston. 

Toledo,  August  8,  1849,  of  cholera.  Deacon  Joseph  Windmill, 
aged  54.  He  was  a  citizen  much  esteemed,  and  left  a  wife  and 
live  daughters,  of  whom  Mrs.  John  W.  Walterhouse  is  one. 

Toledo,  August  31,  1849,  Frances  A.,  wife  of  John  U.  Whit- 
aUer,  aged  32. 


Toledo,  .''cpleiubcr  111,  1849.  Daniel  .''wifl,  iiged  38.  He  wiu 
an  early  .settler  at  Toledo,  an  active  business  man  uud  tt  citizen 
highly  esteeiued  by  all  ac<|Uaintance.s. 

Toledo,  September  7,  1&19.  Mrs.  Jerusha  ULsaell,  mother  of 
Edward,  Frederick.  Tlieo.  W.,  Leverett  and  Siclnev  Uissell,  aged 
74  years. 

Toledo,  SejitemberO,  ISIO,  Elizabeth  B.,  wife  of  Charles  B. 
Whitney,  aged  24. 

Toleilo.  .September  21,  1819,  Jeaunette,  wife  of  Major  A.J. 
Field,  aged  31. 

Toleclo,  November  20,  lH.'iO,  Edward  Fitch,  aged  50. 

Toledo,  March  15.  1853,  l.avina,  wife  of  S.  B  Roshong,  aged  26. 

Solomon  l.insley,  a  merchant  of  Toledo,  died  at  .Meriden, 
Connecticut,  December  10,  IS.VJ. 

Brooklyn,  November  17,  IS,';:!,  Edward  F.,  only  son  of  L.  T. 
Thayer,  of  Toledo,  aged  13. 

Toledo,  February  28,  ISiS,  Elizabeth  E.,  wife  of  B,  Melllnk, 
aged  23. 

Wooster,  Ohio,  June  21, 1853,  Eleanor,  wife  of  Constant  Lake, 
of  Toledo. 

Toledo.  July  19,  1853,  William  Kingsbury,  aged  ,58.  He  was 
a  brother  and  jiartner  in  the  Kingsbury  house  of  Henry  D. 
Ivingsburv,  and  an  old  resident  of  the  <'o\intv 

Maumee,  August  1.  18.54.  Rev.  Mark  K.  Jiikes,  Rector  of  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  Church  at  that  place. 

Toledo,  August  1,  18.5-4,  John  li.  Clark.  Jr. 

Toledo,  July  18,  IH54,  Frederick  Kirtland,  aged  70. 

Naixdeou,  October  IS.  18.53,  John  c  Si>ink,  of  Perrvsburg. 

Toledo,  December  2!!,  1853,  Elias  S,  .lohuson.  aged  36. 

T(.lcdi>,  November  20.  18.53,  Peter  E.  Latimer,  aged  27.  He 
was  a  law  partner  of  William  Hakei,  and  brother  o(  Mrs.  Baker. 

Toledo,  I  ictober  10,  1853,  .Miss  Cliarilv  Uromlev,  aged  8.5, 

Hillsdale.  .Michigan,  August  4,  18.54.  Sophia,  wife  of  Charles 
Pratt. 

Toledo,  April  3,  18,55,  Mary,  wife  of  K.  F.  L.  Whittlesey, 
aged  48. 

Toledo,  August  24.  13.54,  Frances  L.,  wife  of  E.  D.  Nye. 

Toledo.  January  23,  1857,  Charlotte,  wife  of  I-yman  Cross, 
aged  64. 

Cleveland,  March  6, 1857,  Cornelia T. .wife  of  Gen..T.W  Brown. 

Toledo,  March  24,  1857,  Adelaide,  wife  of  Charles  H.  Phillips, 
aged  24. 

Toledo.  May  9,  1837,  Dr.  William  (;.  Scott,  a  prominent  phy- 
sician and  a  valuable  citizen. 

Toledo,  June  14,  1857,  Mary  Sophia,  wife  ot  D.  H.  Sniith.aged 
34,  and  daughter  of  .fohn  E.  Hunt. 

Toledo,  June  28,  1857,  very  suddeidy.  Davirl  liirrell,  Chief 
Clerk  in  Freight  Department  of  Michigan  Southern  Road,  aged 
50  Ho  was  a  man  of  high  character  and  much  esteemed  by  all 
acquaintances 

Toledo,  November  26.  1857.  Joseph  Thornloc.  aged  38. 

Toledo,  March  20.  1858,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  John  Raymond, 
aged  60. 

Toledo.  .September  10,  1858.  Martha  A.,  wife  of  Rev.  E.  F. 
Piatt,  aged  34. 

Vernon,  New  York,  September  11,  1858,  Thcunas  Williams. 
father  of  Rev.  W.  W.  Williams,  Pas'or  of  First  Congregational 
Church,  Toledo. 

Toledo,  September  8,  1858,  William  H.  Kctcham.  Merchant, 
Jiged  28. 

Toledo,  Dec.  22,  1858.  Mrs.  A.  V.  E.,  wife  of  Ozro  OdJins. 

Adams  Towuship,  November  6,  1858,  Matilda,  wife  of  R .  C. 
Thompson,  aged  47. 

■  Toledo,  Jan.  17,  1859.  Amelia,  mother  of  D.  B.  Scott,  aged  84, 

Toledo,  Jtay  11,  1859,  Captiiin  Isaac  T.  Pheatt.  aged  51.  The 
deceased  was  for  several  years  prominent  as  commander  of 
Steamboats  on  the  Lakes,  whitjh  business  he  followed  until  the 
Steamers  yielded  the  ground  to  the  Rnilwavs. 

Toledo,  May  3:j,  18.59,  Charles  J.  Wood,  aged  32.  He  wos  a 
young  man  of  sjjecial  btisiness  capacity,  having  been  for  some 
years  in  banking  with  W.  G.  Powers  and  George  Ilertzler. 

At  residence  of  J.  H.  Whitaker,  Toledo,  .May  14,  1839,  .Mrs, 
Jane  McDonnell,  aged  69. 

Toledo,  May-  17,  183il,  Irving  E.  Chapnmn,  aged  29. 

Miami,  April  18,  1859,  Elijah  Woolsev.  aged  55. 

Toledo.  Jnne  2,  18.59.  Emily  C.,  wife  of  Dr.  I.  N.  Hazlett, 
aged  38. 

Toledo,  August  21,  18.59,  Julia  A.,  wife  of  Geo,  I..  Butter- 
fleld,  aged  22. 

Toledo,  August  .30.  18.59,  Alice  T.,  wife  of  Dr.  Valentine 
Braun,  aged  21. 

Castlcttni.  New  York.  September  1,  1859,  Mary  J.,  wife  of 
Maurice  A.  Scott,  aged  27. 

Toledo,  September  16,  1859,  Libbie  T.,  daughter  of  Rev.  D.  J. 
Burger,  aged  15. 

Toledo.  October  17,  1859,  Letttia,  datighter  of  W.  T.  Harring- 
tod,  aged  16. 

Pittstown,  Pa,,  October  2.3,  1859.  Benjamin  Griflith.  aged  30. 
Tidcdo,  October  29,  1859,  Clark  II.  Ryder,  aged  54. 
Deliance,  November  3,    1.S59,  Josephine  \V..  wife  of  P.  S. 
Slcvin,  aged  29. 

Black  Rock.  New  York,  November  15.  1859.  Captiiin  C.  H. 
Ludlow,  aged  47.  He  wtxa  a  prominent  commander  of  Lake 
steamers  f(U"  several  years. 

In  Toledo.  April  11.  1845,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Dr.  G.  R.  Perkins. 
Toleilo,  April  18.   1815,  Harriet,  wife  of  Coleman  I.  Keeler, 
aged  28. 

Toledo.  Nov.  2,  1860,  Mary  S..  daughter  of  Richard  Mott, 
aged  39  years . 

Toledo,  Jan.  11,  1861,  Susan  A.,  wife  of  R.  F.  Russell. 
Toledo,  .Ian.  11,  1861.  June,  wife  of  Thos.  Southard,  aged  58. 
Toledo.  Jan.  31, 1861.  Chas.  W.  Chesebro,  aged  42  years. 
Toledo,  Jan.  4,  1861,  Dianlha  M.,  wife  of  Eli  Woods,  aged  60. 


694 


HISTORY  OP  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


At  PnlTtivrn,  Mich.,  itarch  13, 186t,  Col.  Setb.  Pomeroy,  aged 
83  years,  father  of  the  late  Geo.  E.  Pomeroy,  Sr.,  of  Toledo. 

Toledo,  March  20,  1861,  Ann  Siucluir,  mother  of  John  Sin- 
clair, aged  57. 

At  Cleveliinil,  llav  25.  ISil.  Deacon  Stephen  Whitaker,  aged 
76.  father  of  .lohn  H.  and  Win.  H.  Whitaker.  of  Toledo. 

Toledo,  June  10,  ISiU,  Kichard  C.  Fahne.«tock,  aged  2C. 

At  Erie,  I'enn.,  Jnly  19,  18fil,  Marania  E.,  wife  of  James  Ray- 
mer,  of  Toledo. 

Toledo,  Augnst  19,  18lil,  Mr.s.  Harriet  Field,  mother  of  Jas. 
R.  Strong,  aged  05. 

Toledo,  August  20,  1861.  Eli  B.  Haskell,  aged  83. 

Toledo.  August  26,  1861,  Catherine,  wife  of  Albert  Swift, 
aged  49. 

At  Toledo.October  20,  1861  Harriet  N.,  wife  of  John  Stevens, 
aged  S7. 

Toledo.  November  1,  1861.  Henry  G.  Powers,  aged  28. 

Cincinnati,  Nov  13,  1861,  Sarah  L.,  wife  of  Wm.  R.  Morris, 
aged  61 . 

Toledo,  Nov.  14,  ISC.l,  Mary,  wife  of  Lyman  Parcher,  aged  54. 

At  Junction,  Paulding  Co.,  December  13,  1861,  Alex.  Backus, 
aged  45.    He  was  a  brother  of  A.  L.  Backus,  of  Toledo. 

At  New  Matamora.s.  O  ,  Dec.  13,  1861,  Mrs.  Mary  Ann.  relict 
of  Rev. John  C.Ashley,  and  mother  of  James  M.  Ashley,  aged  61. 

Toledo.  December  2:^.  1861,  Samuel  Sinclair,  aged  35. 

Toledo,  Januarys,  1862,  Mary  E.,  wife  of  Jas.  L.  Carpenter, 
aged  26. 

Toledo,  April  5,  1862,  Livona  J.,  wife  of  James  M.  Whitney, 
aged  51. 

Near  Toledo,  Mav  6.  1862,  Asa  Williams,  aged  80. 

Toledo,  May  12,  1S62.  Parker  Howlett,  aged  69. 

Toledo,  May  6,  1862,  Horace  Parmelee,  aged  66. 

Toledo.  August  17.  1862.  Milton  Barrett,  aged  35. 

Toledo,  Sept.  4.  1862.  Lawrence  Doyle,  18th  Infantry,  aged  23. 

Holmesburgh.  Pa..  December  27,  1*862,  Mrs.  Lucretia  P.  Mor- 
ton, mother  of  D.O.  Jlorton.  of  Tole-:lo.and  of  Levi  P.  Morton,  of 
New  York,  aged  74. 

Port  Chester.  N.  Y.,  Feb.  17.  1863,  Edwards  J.  Swords, 
father  of  Mrs  J.  H.  Maples. 

Toledo,  March  15, 1862,  John  S.  George,  aged  42  years. 

Oregon  Township.  March  23,  1863,  Betsey,  wife  of  Rev.  Ezra 
Rowland,  aged  63. 

Port  de  Pais,  Hayti,  April  4.  186:;,  E.  P.  Walker,  aged  40.  In 
April,  1862,  Mr.  Walker  left  Toledo  at  the  head  of  an  emigration 
Colony  for  Hayti.  They  located  in  the  vicinity  of  I'ort  de  Paix. 
He  labored  earnestly  for  the  success  of  the  enterprise. 

Factoryville.  N.  Y.,  April  27,  1863,  John  Barker,  in  his  54th 
year,  lather  of  John  J.  and  Calvin  Barker.  Statcu  Island.  May 
3,  1863,  Rev.  Samuel  White,  father  of  Mrs.  Calvin  Barker,  aged  61. 

Toledo,  April  2.  1863.  Peter  Hart,  father  of  Humphrev  Hart, 
aged  63. 

Toledo.  May  18.  1863,  Emelia,  wife  of  Emil  L.  Marx,  aged  32. 

Toledo,  Mav  16,  1863,  Julia  Ann  Crawford,  wife  of  Norman  F. 
Haskell 

Toledo,  Mav  13,  1863.  Kosana,  wifeof  Patrick  Martin,  aged 76. 

Toledo,  June  24,  1863,  Patrick  (irahara.  aged  ,39. 

Toledo.  Sept.  8, 1863,  from  accident.  Thomas  W.,  son  of  Edwin 
Avery,  aged  17. 

Lieut.  J.  M.  Raymond,  21st  Ohio  Battery,  only  son  of  S.  A. 
Raymond,  Toledo,  died  of  fever,  Nov.  18,  1863,  near  Sulphur 
Springs,  Tenn. 

Toledo,  Jan.  26.  1804,  Dodd  Ingersoll,  only  son  of  0.  A.  King, 
aged  5  years :  also,  Feb.  28.  1864,  Mav,  daughter  of  C.  A.  King, 
aged  10  years. 

Toledo.  Feb.  21 ,  1864,  Julia  Gregory,  wife  of  David  R   Austin. 

Toledo.  March  17.  1864,  Cyrus  (irid'h-v.  aged  68. 

Marietta.  Ohio,  March  28,  1864,  T.  Ba'ckus,  mother  of  Abner 
L.  Backus,  aged  78. 

Coldwater,  Mich.,  March  29,  1864,  Clara  L.,  wife  of  Jona.  B. 
Bliven,  aged  47. 

Toledo,  April  13,  1864,  Experience,  wife  of  Dr.  D.  P.  Estell. 
aged  .32 

Toledo,  Mav  2,  1864,  M.  K.  Sibley,  aged  52. 

Long  Island,  N.  T.,  Mav  16,  1864,  Samuel  Mott,  uncle  of 
Richard  Mott. 

Toledo,  Sept.  9. 1864,  Piatt  Card.  He  was  aecidentally  killed 
on  the  Middle  Cxniuud  in  that  City,  being  run  over  by  a  locomo- 
tive. He  was  one  of  the  oldest  residents  of  Toledo,  and  a  prom- 
inent man  in  its  business  circles. 

Lucien  B.  Hemcnwav  came  to  Toledo  in  1855.  and  was  em- 
ployed in  the  Freight  orfice  of  the  Cleveland  and  Toledo  (now 
Lake  Shore)  Railroad.  Subsequentlv.  he  becanu>  the  Toledo 
.\gent  for  the  Road,  holdicg  that  position  until  his  death.  No- 
vember 3,  1864.  He  was  41  years  of  age,  and  it  man  of  i>ure  life, 
enjoying  the  confidence  of  all  acquaiutauces.  His  widow  (Jlrs. 
Mary  D.  Hemcnway)  now  (18.s8)  resides  in  New  England. 

(feorge  A    Carpenter,  died  in  Toledo,  Oct.  12, 1866. 

Joseph  Coghlin,  Oct.  iS.  1866,  Toledo,  aged  54. 

Toledo,  January  1,  1867,  Emma  P.,  wife  of  Daniel  H.  Nye, 
aged  32. 

Newstead,  N.  Y..  Jan.  14,  1867.  Mrs.  Sarah  H.  Burnham, 
mother  of  Mrs.  Matthew  Brown,  of  Toledo. 

Caijtain  Gilman  .\pplcby,  one  of  the  oldest  commanders  of 
Lake  crafts,  died  in  Buftalo,  in  February,  1867. 

Toledo,  July  28,  1867,  Sophia  A.,  wife  of  Marshall  Burton. 
She  was  a  woman  of  unusual  force  of  character,  and  throughout 
her  active  life  prominent  in  social  and  religious  circles,  and 
highly  esteemed.  She  left  a  husband,  three  sons  and  three 
daughters. 

January  6,  1868,  E.  Gussie  Perrin,  daughter  of  E.  \V.  Perrin, 
aged  19. 

Mrs.  B.  L.,  wife  of  S.  P.  Halsey,  Toledo,  died  Feb.  16,  1868. 

Sarah  H.,  wife  of  James  L.  Smith,  Toledo,  March  2,  1868. 


JAMES  MYERS  was  born  in  Juue,  1795,  in 
Dutcliess  County.  New  York,  of  German  ances- 
try. While  he  was  j'oung,  his  parents  moved 
to  Albany,  and  soon  thereafter  to  Schenectadj-, 
where  his  boyhood  days  were  passed.  Upon 
the  completion  of  the  Erie  Canal,  in  1825,  ho 
became  connected  with  the  operations  of  the 
same,  as  Collector  of  tolls  at  Schenectady.  This 
was  imany  years  before  Kailway  communica- 
tion was  provided  between  the  Seaboard  and 
the  Lakes.  He  remained  in  such  position  until 
1836.  Meantime  he  was  engaged  in  the  con- 
struction of  several  roads  in  that  section.  At 
the  date  last  named,  Mr.  Mj^ers  removed  to 
Toledo,  where  he  soon  became  connected  with 
the  construction  ofthe  Miami  and  Erie  Canal,  in- 
cluding the  weigh-locks  at  Toledo,  in  which  he 
was  successful.  Associated  with  him,  as  partner, 
in  this  work,  was  John  S.  Butman,  of  Milan, 
Ohio,  an  able  and  experienced  contractor. 
After  the  completion  of  the  Canal,  Mr.  Myers 
devoted  his  attention  mainly  to  the  manage- 
ment of  his  2'1'operty,  chieiiy  real  estate,  in 
which  lie  was  fortunate,  especially  in  his  in- 
vestments on  Monroe  Street.  For  much  of  the 
20  3  ears  preceding  his  death,  his  time  was 
largely  devoted  to  public  affairs,  having  held 
several  positions  of  im]jortant  trust.  In  1848 
he  was  elected  as  State  Senator,  the  District 
comprising  a  large  portion  of  Northwestern 
Ohio  ;  and  was  re-elected  in  1850,  serving  for 
four  years,  during  a  portion  of  which  time  he 
was  Speaker  of  the  Senate.  In  1853,  under  the 
new  Constitution,  he  was  elected  Lieutenant- 
Governor,  and  as  such  presided  over  the 
same  body  for  two  additional  years.  In 
1861,  following  the  outbreak  of  Eebellion, 
he  was  nominated  for  Eepresentative  in  the 
Legislature  from  Lucas  Countj-,  by  the  Union 
Convention,  representing  supjiorters  of  the 
Government,  irrespective  of  former  political 
afiiliations,  and  with  the  balance  of  the 
ticket  was  elected  without  opposition.  At  an 
early  date  he  was  elected  by  the  Legislature 
and  served  as  Associate  Judge  of  Lucas  County, 
under  the  former  judicial  system.  At  difterent 
periods,  he  was  a  member  of  the  Toledo  City 
Council  and  Board  of  Education,  in  both 
which  he  devoted  his  special  attention  to  the 
interests  committed  to  his  charge.  He  was 
speciallj'  watchful  of  public  expenditures, 
guarding  with  care  the  rights  of  tax-payers, 
and  by  such  vigilance,  no  doubt,  materially 
protecting  the  City  treasuiy.  He  was  a  man 
of  rare  personal  energy  and  sagacity,  and 
throughout  his  long  residence  in  Toledo,  was 
largelj'  relied  upon  in  promoting  the  true  pros- 
perity ofthe  Citj-  and  Count}-.  In  the  various 
enterprises  tlesigned  for  this  purpose,  few  were 
as  prominent  or  as  liberal  in  time  or  in  pecu- 
niary aid,  as  was  he.  The  later  j'ears  of  his 
life  were  attended  by  more  or  less  of  feeble 
health,  enjoining  restraint  of  habitual  activity ; 
he  suffering  much  pain  toward  the  close  of  his 


^y^k^^(t^  y^M^i^c-^ 


>-• 


PERSONAL   MENTION. 


rm 


life,  wliieh  came  July  19,  18(51,  he  dying  at  his 
residence.  Northwest  corner  of  JoflFerson  and 
Superior  Streets.  Judge  Myers  was  twice 
married — the  first  time  in  ilareii  25, 1821,  with 
Mary  Sanford,  who  died  leaving  two  children, 
both  sons,  who  lived  to  years  of  luaturitj-,  but 
are  now  dead.  August  28, 1841,  he  was  married 
with  L.  Eliza  Walker,  of  Schenectady,  they 
havingtwochildi'cn — James  W.,  now  of  Toledo  ; 
and  Sarah  M,,  the  wife  of  I).  P.  JMcQueen,  oi 
Schenectady,  where  Mrs.  Myers  also  resides. 

ANDREW  PALMER  was  born  at  Bingham- 
ton.  New  York,  March  28,  1808,  where  his 
father,  Eev.  Sylvanus  Palmer,  was  settled  as 
Pastor  of  the  first  Protestant  Church  estab- 
lished there.  Andrew  was  the  fourth  son  of 
a  large  family  of  children,  and  the  moderate 
compensation  for  clerical  services  of  that 
period  gave  his  father  but  faint  hope  of  ever 
possessing  the  means  to  afford  his  children  a 
liberal  education.  As  did  each  of  the  bi'others, 
Andrew  at  an  early  age  became  sensible  of 
the  fact,  that  upon  bis  own  exertions  must  de- 
pend his  success  in  life,  and  spent  his  time  in 
working  at  home  or  among  neighboring  farm- 
ers in  summers,  and  in  winters  attending  the 
Common  Schools  of  the  country,  until  at  the 
age  of  14  he  was  apprenticed  to  the  print- 
ing business.  Soon  after  he  arrived  at  the 
age  of  19,  on  a  change  in  the  affairs  of  his 
employer,  he  became  at  liberty  to  engage  in 
business  on  his  own  account,  and  in  connection 
with  an  elder  brother  established  a  paper  at 
Rensselaerville,  Albany  County,  New  York. 
The  brothers  took  an  active  part  in  fostering, 
through  the  medium  of  their  paper,  the  interest 
that  then  began  to  develop  on  the  subject  of 
Railroads  in  this  country;  andu])on  the  organi- 
zation of  the  Mohawk  and  Hudson  Paitroad 
Compan}',  removed  their  press  to  the  City  of 
Schenectady — the  point  designated  as  the  West- 
ern terminus  of  that  Road.  Here  they  gave 
efficient  aid  to  the  undertaking  in  the  columns 
of  their  paper.  On  the  completion  ofthiswork, 
Andrew  sold  his  interest  in  the  business  to  his 
brother,  and  in  May,  18H3,  started  for  the 
West,  having  previously  come  to  the  conclu- 
sion, from  a  careful  study  of  its  geographical 
position,  that  somewhere  at  or  near  the  mouth 
of  the  Maumee,  an  important  commercial 
Town  must  grow  up.  As  indicating  something 
of  what  young  Toledo  had  to  contend  with 
from  neighborhood  rivalrj-,  and  of  the 
facilities  for  travel  in  those  days,  it  may  here 
be  stated,  that  Mr.  Palmer,  on  arriving  at  Buf- 
falo, was  unable  to  secure  direct  convej-ance  to 
the  mouth  of  the  Maumee,  but  was  compelled 
to  go  bj'  Steamer  to  Detroit,  and  there  depend 
upon  a  small  Steamer  making  occasional  trips 
to  the  "  Foot  of  the  Rapids"  (Perrysburg  and 
Maumee  City).  Arriving  at  Detroit  and  find- 
ing the  Steamer  was  not  expected  to  depart  for 
the   Maumee  under  two  or  three  days,  he  set 


out  next  morning  on  foot,  and  reached  Monroe 
(42  miles)  in  the  evening.  Stop])ing  there 
over  night,  he  completed  his  journey  (62  miles 
in  all)  by  noon  of  the  next  day.  On  arriving  at 
the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek,  Mr.  Palmer  learned 
that  steps  had  already  been  taken  to  found  a 
Town  there,  and  that  a  small  strip  of  land  had 
been  )ilatted  and  a  few  8tragi;ling  tenements 
erected  along  the  River,  accommodating  in  all 
a  jiojiulation  ot  perhaj)s  20  families.  Having 
satisfied  himself  by  careful  examination,  and 
sounding  the  River  from  its  mouth  to  the 
Towns  above,  that  it  combined  in  its  location 
superior  advantages  for  the  growth  of  a  Town, 
he  purchased  from  the  Port  Lawrence  Com- 
]jany  OTie-sixteenth  of  the  Tow^n  ]ilat  and  of 
the  balance  of  the  lands  owned  by  that  Com- 
pany; and  soon  after  became  its  agent  for  the 
sale  of  lots  and  the  transaction  of  its  business. 
The  (Company  had  already  erected  a  frame  for 
a  small  warehouse  on  the  IJiver  at  the  foot  of 
Monroe  Street.  This  he  completed  and  ])ut  in 
order  for  the  transaction  of  business.  Having 
formed  a  co  partnership  with  James  ilycrs,  of 
Schenectady,  New  York,  he  put  in  a  stock  of 
general  merchandise  at  the  land  end  of  the 
building,  and  used  the  River  end  for  For- 
warding and  Commission  business  until  the 
entire  building  was  required  for  the  latter 
purpose,  when  he  erected  a  building  on  Sum- 
mit, between  Perry  and  Monroe  Streets,  for 
general  merchandising.  At  the  expiration  of 
his  co-partnership  with  Mr.  Myers  in  LSHU,  iMr. 
Palmer  having  sold  the  stock  in  the  store  on 
Summit  Street,  and  closed  uj)  that  branch  of 
his  business,  built  a  larger  warehouse  below 
Monroe  Street,  antl  entered  into  co-])artner8liiji 
with  his  brother,  Peter,  in  the  Storage,  For- 
warding and  Commission  business.  Having 
also  closed  out  his  interest  in  the  Port  Law- 
rence Company  and  become  lai-gely  interested 
in  farming  lands  in  the  surrounding  country, 
he  opened  for  the  accommodation  of  his  real 
estate  tran-sactions  an  office  on  Summit,  near 
its  intersection  with  Adams  Street.  The  same 
year  he  erected  a  dwelling  on  the  Southwest 
corner  of  Superior  and  Jett'erson  Streets  (now 
known  as  the"  ViennaCafe  "),  where  he  resided 
with  his  family  till  a  short  time  before  his  re- 
moval to  Wisconsin.  In  the  (all  of  18.'^  ho 
purchased  material  and  establisheil  a  jiaper — 
the  first  numbers  of  which  wore  called  the 
Port  Lawrence  Herald, and  printed  by.l.  Irvine 
Brown.  At  this  perioil  in  its  histoiy  the  name 
of  Toledo  was  adopted  for  the  emhrj-o  City. 
The  meeting  to  consider  the  matter  was  held  at 
the  office  of  the  Herald,  and  as  the  result  of  its 
action  the  title  of  the  pajier  was  changed  to 
that  of  Toledo  Gazette — Mr.  Brown  continuing 
to  act  as  publisher,  and  Mr.  Palmer  as  Editor 
and  Manager,  as  before  the  change.  During 
the  wintei-  of  18i54-:i5,  the  controversy  over  the 
boundary  between  Ohio  and  Michigan  became 
the  absorbing  topic  of  public  interest,   and  de- 


696 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


veloped  a  formidable  antagonism  to  the  claims 
of  Ohio  in  the  National  councils  at  Washing- 
ton. The  press  at  Columbus,  and,  indeed, 
throughout  the  State,  gave  little  aid  to  a  cause 
in  which  the  interests  ot  Ohio  and  the  destiny 
of  Toledo  were  so  deeply  involved.  iVt  this 
crisis,  Mr.  Palmer,  not  unmindful  of  the  power 
of  the  pi'ess  in  shaping  public  opinion,  entered 
into  negotiations  for  the  purchase  of  the  West- 
ern Eemiitphere — the  then  acknowledged  oi'gan 
at  Columbus  of  the  Democratic  party  (then 
dominant  in  both  State  and  Nation),  which  re- 
sulted in  placing  its  control  in  his  hands,  and 
thereafter  its  columns  were  largely  devoted  to 
vindicating  the  claims  of  Ohio  in  her  boundary 
controversy.  The  title  of  this  paper  was  sub- 
sequently changed  to  that  of  Ohio  Statesman. 
As  the  prospect  of  decisive  action  on  the  bound- 
ary grew  brighter  at  Washington,  it  created 
alarm  among  the  opponents  of  an  early  and 
final  adjustment  of  the  matter,  and  it  became 
their  policy  to  admit  Michigan  into  the  Union 
as  a  Statej  and  leave  the  question  of  boundary 
open  for  adjudication  of  the  Courts;  so  as  to 
delay,  and  in  all  probability  ultimately  defeat 
the  extension  of  the  Wabash  and  Erie  Canal 
to  Toledo.  To  counteract  this  policy,  and  urge 
upon  Congress  the  necessity  of  making  its  de- 
cision final  on  the  question  of  boundarj^,  Mr. 
Palmer  visited  Washington,  and  gave  efficient 
aid  to  such  influences  as  led  to  its  defeat,  and 
the  final  settlement  of  the  matter  in  the  act  of 
admission.  On  the  organization  of  the  Toledo 
City  Government  in  1837,  Mr.  Palmer  was 
nominated  and  supported  by  the  Democratic 
party  for  Mayor,  but  was  defeated  by  Judge 
John  Berdan,  his  Wliig competitor,  by  a  single 
vote.  In  1840,  Mr.  Palmer,  greatly  chagrined 
at  the  attitude  of  the  Administration  in  the 
contest  over  the  boundary,  took  charge  of  the 
Editorial  department  of  the  Toledo  Blade,  and 
conducted  it  through  the  Presidential  cam- 
paign of  that  year ;  and  on  the  inauguration 
of  the  President-elect,  his  name,  among  others, 
was  presented  for  appointment  to  the  office  of 
Postmaster,  and  to  that  office  he  was  appointed 
soon  after  President  Harrison's  death.  Few 
men  now  living  can  remember  the  almost 
universal  bankruptcy  brought  upon  the  newer 
portions  of  the  country  in  1837  by  tlie  finan- 
cial derangements  of  that  period.  Mr.  Palmer 
suffered  from  it  in  common  with  many  others 
then  resident  at  Toledo.  Struggling  for  years 
with  embarrassment,  he  at  length  yielded  to 
the  prospect  of  recovery  by  starting  anew ; 
and  thereupon,  resigned  the  office  of  Post- 
master, and  removed  with  his  famil}-  to  Wis- 
consin in  the  spring  of  1845.  Settling  ujjon 
lands  purchased  tliere,  he  built  the  house  in 
which  he  has  ever  since  resided,  in  what  was 
then  but  an  insignificant  frontier  settlement, 
but  now  a  prosperous,  bustling  City,  with  all 
that  can  contribute  to  the  comfort  and  welfare 
of  its  denizens.     As  a  citizen  of  Wisconsin,  he 


has  received  repeated  marks  of  the  apj^recia- 
tion  in  which  he  is  held  through  election  to  im- 
portant public  trusts,  under  both  the  Territorial 
and  State  governments.  The  strength  of  Mr. 
Palmer's  early  convictions  as  to  the  important 
jjart  Kailroads  were  destined  to  lAay  in  the 
affairs  of  the  country,  is  shown  in  the  fact  that 
he  took  an  active  part  in  the  construction  of 
the  first  Road  built  West  of  Utica,  New  York, 
which  at  the  time  it  was  built,  was  known  as 
the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo,  and  now  forms  a  por- 
tion of  the  Lake  Shore  and  Michigan  Southern 
Railway.  He  was  a  Director  in  this  Road 
from  the  time  the  Company  was  organized  in 
1834,  till  the  year  following  its  completion 
through  to  Adrian,  iu  1836.  On  his  removal 
to  Wisconsin,  he  became  a  Director  in  the 
Park  River  Valley  Railroad  Company — an 
organization  that  has  since  grown  into  large 
proportions,  and  is  now  known  as  the  Chicago 
and  Northwestern.  On  being  elected  to  the 
Senate  of  Wisconsin,  to  divest  himself  of 
personal  interest,  he  disposed  of  the  stock  he 
held  iu  that  corporation,  resigned  the  office  of 
Director,  and  in  the  discharge  of  his  legisla- 
tive duties  was  made  Chairman  of  the  Senate 
Committee  on  Railroads.  The  founding  of  the 
Wisconsin  Institute  for  the  Education  of  the 
Blind,  was  the  first  legislative  act  of  the  kind 
in  that  State,  and  in  this  Mr.  Palmer  took  an 
active  part.  The  bill  authorizing  the  expendi- 
ture of  mone}'  for  the  erection  of  a  building 
for  its  accommodation,  fixed  upon  Janesville  as 
its  location ;  and  the  fine  edifice  erected  by  the 
State  to  carry  out  its  purpose  stands  in  the 
City  of  Mr.  Palmer's  residence — a  fitting 
memento  of  the  initiatoiy  step  of  Wisconsin  in 
the  establishment  of  institutions  for  the  educa- 
tion of  those  whose  misfortunes  bar  them  from 
the  benefits  of  her  Common  School  system,  and 
of  the  interest  the  subject  of  our  sketch  has 
uniformly  manifested  in  all  matters  pertaining 
to  the  welfare  of  community. 

OLIVER  STEVENS,  son  of  Gaylord  and 
Millie  (Loveland)  Stevens,  was  born  in  the 
Town  of  I^ebanon,  Madison  County,  New  York, 
March  8,  1802.  His  ancestors  were  of  English 
nativitj-,  and  were  among  the  earlier  settlers  of 
New  England.  Oliver  was  the  eighth  child  of 
a  famil}'  of  16  children — ten  boysand  six  girls — 
all  of  whom  reached  years  of  maturity.  His 
father  and  mother  both  were  born  near  the 
City  of  Hartford,  Connecticut,  but  early  in  their 
married  life  went  to  New  York  State  and  be- 
gan farming  on  wild,  timbered  land  in  Madison 
County.  Upon  this  farm  the  subject  of  this 
sketch  was  born,  and  until  he  was  19  years  of 
age  his  life  was  one  of  toil  and  privation.  "  The 
Summer  after  I  was  seven  years  old,"  says  Mr. 
Stevens,  "ray  father  hired  me  out  to  a  neigh- 
bor for  three  dollars  a  month.  When  I  was  16 
he  hired  me  out  for  a  term  of  one  year  for  $90, 
with  two  months  out  of  the  year  for  schooling." 


^ 


f^Z-t^- 


,^ 


PERSONAL  MENTION. 


697 


•  The  bo3-s,  after  becoming  10  or  12  years  of  ago 
were  allowed  but  two  iiioiithsyearlyfor  Schools. 
When  Mr.  Stevens  reached  his  18th  year,  he  had 
succeeded,  by  daily  studying  before  and  after 
work,  in  obtaining  sufficient  education  to  teach 
a  Common  School,  and  during  the  Winter 
taught  in  the  District  School  near  his  home. 
When  lit  3'eai-s  of  age  he  went  to  Halifax, 
Pennsylvania,  a  few  miles  from  ilarrisburg. 
Here  for  about  a  3ear  he  taught  the  District 
School,  which  position  he  relinquished  to  en- 
gage in  clearing  the  then  uncultivated  land  in 
Madi.son  County,  New  York.  In  1824  he  went 
with  his  brother  David  to  the  vicinity  of  Os- 
wego, New  York,  wliere  for  two  j'cars  they  ex- 
tensively' engaged  in  clearing  land  and  carrying 
on  an  asliery.  During  this  period  he  visited 
Michigan,  then  an  almost  unsettled  region.  On 
his  return,  he  purchased  a  farm  near  the  pres- 
ent City  of  Oswego,  New  York,  where  he  re- 
sided until  1832.  He  then  emigrated  to  Ohio, 
purchasing  400  acres  of  land  a  short  distance 
from  the  Maumee  River,  and  0])posite  the  pres- 
ent City  of  Toledo.  There  then  were  barely  a 
dozen  dwellings  in  Port  Lawrence  and  Vistula, 
while  all  the  cultivated  land  was  immediately 
adjoining  the  River.  Mr.  Stevens  was  among 
the  first  to  begin  farming  be^^oud  the  River 
banks.  Of  hi.s  original  purchase,  much  of 
which  is  now  within  the  City,  Mr.  Stevens  still 
retains  over  200  acres.  Upon  thissame  section 
he  continued  to  carry  on  farming,  and  where 
lie  resided  until  about  12  years  ago,  when  he 
removed  to  the  City  (402  Adams  Street). 
Farming  has  been  his  sole  occupation,  with  the 
exception  of  the  years  1837-8,  when  he  carried 
on  the  Forwarding  business  on  Water  Street. 
Mr.  Stevens  has  been  three  times  married. 
First,  with  Eleanor  Mickles,  of  Oswego,  New 
York,  daughter  of  John  Mickles,  July  3,  182G. 
The  issue  of  this  marriage  consisted  of  two 
daughters — Laura,  born  November  10,  1830, 
now  the  wife  of  John  Russell,  at  present  en- 
gaged in  the  Tobacco  business,  Toledo;  and 
Ca't.herine,  born  May  26,  1833,  the  wife  of 
William  Hill.  His  first  wife  died  in  ^834.  His 
second  marriage  was  with  Lavinia  Morrison, 
widow  of  John  D.  Simpson,  in  January, 
183(j,  who  died  in  July,  1858.  His  third 
wife  was  Nancy  Parkhurst,  with  whom 
he  was  married  Jul}-  3,  1871,  and  who  died 
September  15,  1881.  In  politics,  Mr.  Stevens 
was  formerly  a  Whig,  but  since  the  forma- 
tion of  the  Republican  party  he  has  acted 
with  that  organization.  He  has  held  the 
offices  of  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Township  Trus- 
tee, Treasurer  and  Clerk,  and  for  a  number  of 
years  was  School  Pjxaminer.  In  religious  be- 
lief, he  is  a  strong  Spiritualist,  and  has  been 
j)rominently  identified  with  those  who  believe 
in  Spirit  manifestations.  He  has  written  sev- 
eral articles  on  Spiritualism,  which  have  been 
printed  in  journals  devoted  to  the  advancement 
of  that  belief.  Mr.  Stevens  has  personally 
4a 


witnessed  all  the  marvelous  changes  whicii  have 
occurred  in  this  section  of  Ohio,  and  through  a 
continuous  residence  of  more  than  half  a  cen- 
tury, has  gained  an  enviable  reputation  as  a 
worthy  citizen. 

HENRY  "WILLCOX  was  born  June  24, 
1802,  at  Wookey  Hole,  Summersetshire,  Eng- 
land, where  he  sjient  his  youth  and  early  man- 
hood. llii]iing  to  better  his  condition  in  the 
new  world,  he  sat  out,  with  means  of  his  own 
procuring,  for  the  Unitoil  States,  in  the  year 
182;t,  reinforced  by  his  mother's  jirayers  and  his 
fiither's  legacj',  consisting  of  a  half-guinea  and 
tvvo  silk  handkerchiefs,  which  he  retained  to 
the  day  of  his  death,  weai'ing  one  of  the  latter 
during  his  last  sickness.  On  reaching  New 
York,  after  a  long  and  tedious  journey  (there 
were  no  Ocean  Steamers  in  those  days),  he 
found  his  way  to  Skaneateles,  New  York, 
where,  becoming  acquainted  with  several  Eng- 
lish families  who  had  located  there,  he  re- 
mained for  a  time.  Some  of  the  members  of 
these  families  remained  his  life-long  fi'iends. 
The  last  one  known  is  Robert  Clapp,  a 
pioneer  of  Sanduskj'  County,  residing  at 
Clyde.  In  1832,  Mr.  Willeox  removed 
West  and  settled  on  land  a  few  miles  from  To- 
ledo, in  Washington  Township).  He  found  that 
he  could  not  make  a  success  at  clearing  land, 
as  he  was  not  accustomed  to  such  work.  The 
distance  being  too  far  from  Toledo  to  apply 
himself  at  his  trade,  he  sold  out  and  removed 
his  family  to  that  then  struggling  Village  of  a 
few  houses,  and  established  the  Boot  and  Shoe 
business,  which  he  successfully  carried  on. 
He  was  in  Toledo  at  the  time  of  the  so-called 
"Toledo  War."  In  1842  he  located  laud  in 
Algonac,  Michigan,  and  removed  there  with  his 
family.  Finding  the  country  too  wild  and  un- 
settled, they  returned  to  Toledo  for  a  ])erma- 
nent  home.  In  April,  1843,  Mr.  Willeox  pur- 
chased lot  No.  14,  Summit  Street,  near  corner 
of  Monroe,  and  known  as  No.  55.  This  property 
he  never  disposed  of,  and  it  is  still  held  by  his 
heirs.  He  continued  in  business  for  many  years. 
Mr.  Willeox  was  first  married  in  New  York, 
October  31,  1831,  with  Miss  Harriet  Corn- 
wall, who  died  March  5,  1838,  leaving  one 
young  child  (Charlotte),  who  long  since  came 
to  womanhood,  and  has  been  twice  married, 
her  present  husband  being  Mr.  Nicholas  W. 
Eddy,  of  Toledo.  In  1840,  Mr,  Willeox  re- 
turned East,  and  at  Oak  Orchard,  Sc|it('niber 
7th,  was  married  with  Miss  Matilda  Millard, 
who  was  born  June  24,  1821,  and  who  died 
October  11,  1843.  By  this  marriage  he  had 
three  children,  Mrs.  Matilda  A.  Lloyd,  born 
September  10,  1842;  a  son  djdiig  in  infancy; 
and  Mrs.  Marj-  J.  Wachter,  born  October  8, 
1845.  In  1849,  Mr.  Willeox  was  married 
with  Miss  Hester  Buxton,  at  his  old  home 
in  England.  He  died  at  Toledo,  March  3, 
1880,  aged  77  years  and   eight  mouths.     Mrs. 


698 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Willcox  survives  him,  and  iu  1885,  was  mar- 
ried witli  Mr.  Wm.  Whitlock,  Artist  and  Por- 
trait Painter,  of  Toledo. 


SYLVESTER  BROWN,  sou  of  Hiram  and 
Julia  (Marsh)  Brown,  was  born  in  Livingston 
County,  New  York,  March  17,  1821.  His  father 
was  a  native  of  Vermont,  being  born  in  Shafts- 
bury,  September  18,  1795,  his  ancestors  being 
English,  and  settling  in  New  England.  He 
was  a  Tanner  and  Currier,  which  business  he 
carried  on  at  Caledonia  for  12  years.  In  1825 
he  emigrated  to  Moni-oe,  Michigan,  where  for 
nine  years  he  was  engaged  in  the  same  busi- 
ness, and  also  in  trade  in  Boots  and  Shoes  and 
Saddlery,  and  furnished  Saddles  for  use  by  the 
United  States  Army  during  the  Black  Hawk 
War  in  Illinois,  in  which  he  was  Lieutenant 
of  a  Company  commanded  by  Captain  Levi 
Humphrey.  In  1832,  the  father  decided  to 
close  up  his  Monroe  business  and  engage  in 
farming.  He  then  removed  to  and  'settled  on 
a  farm  of  1(30  acres,  now  within  the  Sixth 
Ward,  Toledo,  where  he  continued  to  reside 
until  his  death,  November  16,  1852.  Here  the 
youth  of  Sylvester  was  spent,  attended  by  the 
experiences  common  to  pioneer  farmers'  sons. 
His  educational  privileges  consisted  of  attend- 
ance at  a  local  District  School  during  the  Winter 
months,  and  two  terms  at  the  Perrysburg 
Academy.  When  19  years  of  age,  he  left 
his  father's  home  and  began  the  battle 
of  life  as  an  apprentice  in  the  Ecpair 
Shop  of  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad 
at  Toledo.  There  he  remained  until  the 
operations  of  the  Shop  were  suspended  by 
the  embarrassment  of  the  Company,  in  1842-43, 
when  he  obtained  employment  for  a  year  as 
Engineer  in  the  Manhattan  Saw-Mill.  He  then 
engaged  with  Hollister  &  Co.,  of  Perrysburg, 
in  the  purchase  of  Furs  through  this  region. 
In  1844  he  held  the  jjosition  of  Second  Engin- 
eer on  the  Steamer  St.  Louis,  owned  by  Hollis- 
ter &  Co.,  running  between  Buffalo  and  Chicago, 
which  he  held  until  the  Summer  of  1847,  his 


Winters  meantime  being  spent  in  the  purchase 
of  Fui's  for  that  firm.  In  1848  he  was  First 
Engineer  of  the  Propeller  Hercules,  plying  be- 
tween Buffalo  and  Chicago,  continuing  as  such 
for  two  seasons,  when  he  became  Engineer  of 
the  Steamer  John  Hollister,  Captain  Charles  I. 
Keeler,  running  between  Perrysburg  and  De- 
troit, which  position  he  held  until  the  death  of 
his  father  in  the  Fall  of  1852,  which  made 
necessary  his  return  for  the  care  of  the  fiirm, 
which  has  since  been  his  business,  in  connection 
with  Gardening.  In  1863,  Mi-.  Brown  was 
instrumental  in  raising  the  first  Company  of 
Ohio  National  Guards,  under  the  revised  Mili- 
tary laws  of  the  State,  of  which  he  was  Captain. 
It  came  to  be  Company  A,  First  Eegiment, 
Ohio  National  Guard.  As  the  One  Hundred 
and  Thirtieth  O.  V.  I.,  the  record  of  this  Regi- 
ment is  given  elsewhere  in  this  volume.  Upon 
his  return  from  the  field,  Captain  Brown  re- 
signed, and  has  since  taken  no  active  part  in 
military  matters.  He  was  twice  married — first 
with  Julia  Ann  Whitmore,  who  died  May  12, 
1854,  leaving  one  child,  Arthur  H.,  born  Sep- 
tember 8,  1846,  and  now  living  in  Jefferson 
County,  Kansas.  His  second  marriai^e  was 
with  Adeline  Stockwell,  November  IG,  1854. 
Four  children  were  born  of  this  union — Hiram 
W.,  December  24,  1856;  Laura  A., December  9, 
1858,  who  mai-ried  Alexander  E.  Forster,  and 
died  March  9, 1885;  May  A.,  born  May  2,  1862, 
now  Princij)al  of  Lincoln  School,  Toledo;  and 
George  S.,  born  September  4,  1858,  and  died 
March  4,  1882.  In  politics  Mr.  Brown  was 
originally  a  Whig,  and  subsequently  a  Repub- 
lican. He  has  held  various  Township  otflces, 
but  while  strongly  attached  to  the  principles 
and  policy  of  his  ])art3',  he  has  had  little  in- 
clination or  time  for  public  office.  Having  sold 
for  S600  per  acre,  the  land  for  which  his  father 
paid  $1.25,  Captain  Brown  proposes  soon  to 
make  his  home  in  Toledo.  The  case  of  Captain 
Brown  well  illustrates  what  maybe  attained  of 
common  esteem  and  success  in  life  by  early 
practice  of  industry  and  economy,  with  life- 
long regard  for  justice  and  the  rights  of  others. 


E-^'^fyjimttif^x 


CHAPTER    III. 


MAUMEE    VALLEY    PIONEEK    ASSOCIATION. 


FOE  many  j^ears  there  was  manifested 
among  the  survivors  of  the  early  set- 
tlers of  the  Valley  of  the  Maumee,  a  desire 
for  organized  action,  looking  to  both 
the  collection  and  preservation  of  historic 
facts,  as  well  as  the  revival  of  earlj-  relations 
and  sentiments  arising  in  common  experience. 
No  definite  step  toward  such  action,  however, 
was  taken  until  the  Spring  of  1864,  when  a  call 
was  issued  for  a  gathering  of  Pioneers  at  To- 
ledo, May  7th. 

At  that  meeting  .ludge  Emerj'  D.  Potter  was 
called  to  preside,  and  Henry  Bennett  was 
appointed  Secretary  The  object  of  the  meet- 
ing was  stated  by  the  Chairman,  when,  on  mo- 
tion of  Jessup  \V.  Scott,  a  Committee  of  three 
was  appointed  to  present  a  constitution  for  a 
permanent  association  of  Pioneers,  the  same 
consisting  of  Mr.  Scott,  Sanford  L.  Collins  and 
Richard  Mott. 

Peter  Navarre,  the  oldest  living  resident  of 
the  Maumee  Vallej-,  was  present,  and  briefly 
addressed  the  meeting. 

The  Committee  reported  a  constitution  which 
was  adopted  and  circulated,  receiving  the  sig- 
natures of  75  Pioneers  then  present,  who  j)ro- 
ceeded  to  organize  an  Association.  Mr.  Na- 
varre, by  virtue  of  seniority  in  residence,  was 
declared  the  President,  and  the  following  per- 
sons were  chosen  for  the  positions  named  :  Vice 
Presidents,  Dr.  Horatio  Conant,  Nathaniel  B. 
Blinn,  and  Dr.  Oscar  White  ;  Recording  Secre- 
tary, Henry  Bennett ;  Corresponding  Secre- 
tary, J.  Austin  Scott;  Treasurer,  James  M. 
Comstock  ;  Trustees,  E.  D.  Potter,  Sen.,  vSamuel 
B.  Scott  and  Noah  A.  Whitney. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Association  held  July  4, 
18G4  (Dr.  White,  Vice  President,  in  the  chair), 
William  Prentice,  who  came  here  in  1818,  gave 
many  facts  of  historical  interest,  including  the 
following: 

Tile  first  Vessel  built  on  the  River  was  the 
Schooner  Eagle,  by  Capt.  David  Wilkison  ;  the  first 
Steamboat  (the  Detroit)  in  1833,  and  the  second  (the 
Commodore  Perry)  in  1835 ;  the  first  upper-cabin 
Steamboat  (the  General  Wayne)  in  1839. 

In  1828  there  were  on  what  in  1864  were  the  lim- 
its of  Toledo,  38  persons,  in  ID  families,  to  wit :  Major 
B.  F.  Stickney,  Wm.  Wilson,  Joseph  Trembly,  Bazil 
Trembly,  Seneca  Allen,  John  Baldwin,  Joseph  Pren- 
tice, Hiram  Bartlett,  Dr.  J.  V.  D.  Sutphen,  Captain 
Forbes,  and  Joseph  Roop. 

The  nearest  Postoffice  was  then  at  Tremainesville, 
and  Major  Stickney  carried  the  mail  between  Tre- 
mainesville and  the  River  for  $3.7.5  per  quarter  year. 
In  1833,  a  Postoffice  was  established  at  Toledo  (then 
just  formed   of    Port   Lawrence   and    Vistula),    with 


Stephen  B.  Comstock  as  Postmaster.  The  population 
of  Toledo  at  that  time  numbered  about  100. 

February  22,  1805,  the  As.sociation  met  in 
Toledo,  when  M.  R.  Waite  delivered  an  address 
on  the  early  historj-  of  the  Maumee  Valley, 
which  was  requested  for  publication.  A  letter 
was  read  from  Hiram  Walbridge,  of  New  York, 
expressing  bis  regret  at  not  being  able  to  at- 
tend the  meeting,  and  referring  to  the  fact,  that 
it  was  then  nearly  a  third  of  a  centurj-  since, 
as  a  mere  lad,  he  first  visited  the  Valley  of  the 
Maumee,  and  nearly  a  generation  since  he  sev- 
ered bis  association  with  it.  He  stated  that 
"  no  other  section  in  the  West  had  fought  its 
way  to  recognition  under  greater  obstacles 
than  attended  the  settlement  of  the  .Maumee 
Valley."  But  "  time  liad  vindicated  the  sagac- 
ity and  wisdom  of  those  who,  from  its  begin- 
ning, predicted  its  brilliant  future."  Ohio  had 
"  many  communities  of  which  she  might  justly 
be  proud  ;  but  in  her  future  there  would  be 
none  that  would  better  illustrate  the  energy  of 
her  citizens,  their  enterprise  and  what  well- 
directed  efforts  may  secure,  tiian  would  the 
rising  intelligent  commercial  comniunitv  of 
Toledo." 

Many  new  members  of  the  Association  were 
obtained  at  this  meeting. 

July  5,  18()5,  a  meeting  was  held  at  Toledo, 
with  Mavor  Brigham,  Vice  President,  in  the 
chair,  and  Henry  Bennett  as  Secretai-y.  The 
following  officers  were  chosen  : 

Vice  Presidents— Brice  Hilton,  of  Deliance ;  Dr. 
Horatio  Conant,  of  Lucas;  and  Xatbanicl  B.  Blinn, 
of  Wood  county.  Trustees— Mavor  Bri^'baui,  Samuel 
B.  Scott,  and  N.  A.  Whitney.  Recording  Secretary— 
Henry  Bennett.  Corresponding  Secretary — J.  Austin 
Scott."    Treasurer— J.  M.  Comstock. 

A  committee  of  one  from  each  County  were 
ap])ointed,  to  gather  and  present  facts  and 
relics  connected  with  the  early  history  of  the 
Maumee  Valley,  to  wit : 

Willard  V.  Way,  of  Wood  County  ;  Dr.  Oscar 
White,  of  Lucas ;  .f ohn  Powell,  of  Henry  ;  Dr.  Jonas 
Colby,  of  liefiance  ;  Wm.  A.  Stevens,  of  Williams; 
George  Skinner,  of  Putnam;  Robert  A.  Howard,  of 
Fulton;  Horatio  N.  Curti.-;,  of  Paulding;  and  James 
Watson  Riley,  of  Mercer. 

The  Association  met  .luly  4,  180(1,  Peter  Na- 
varre and  John  K.  Hunt  acting  as  President. 
The  following  named  members  wore  reported 
as  having  died  since  the  organization  of  the  As- 
sociation, May  7,  1804,  to  wit : 

Henry  Reed,  Sr.,  James  Myers,  Robert  A.  Forsyth, 
Isaac  Hull,  .Morgan  L.  Collins,  Piatt  Canl.  John  Balt-s, 


[69S] 


700 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Robert  Gardner,  George  W.  Knaggs,  Josiah  Miller, 
Albert  V.  Stebbins,  and  John  P.  Rowe  (the  latter  ot 
Erie,  Monroe  County,  Michigan). 

Officers  were  chosen,  as  follows  : 

Vice  Presidents— John  E.  Hunt,  John  U.  Pease, 
and  Horace  Sessions.  Trustees— N.  A.  Whitney,  Ma- 
yor Brigham,  and  Francis  L.  Nichols.  Recording 
Secretary— Henry  Bennett.  Corresponding  Secretary 
—  Willard  V.  Way.    Treasurer— James  M.  Comstock. 

Addresses  were  made  by  W.  V.  Way  and  M. 
E.  Waite — the  former  on  the  early  history  of 
the  Valley,  and  the  latter  on  titles  to  Toledo 
property. 

An  annual  meeting  of  the  Association  was 
held  at  Perrysburg,  February  22,  1867.  In  the 
absence  of  President  Navarre,  Vice  President 
Hunt  presided.  Some  changes  were  made  in 
the  organization.  The  deaths  of  George  A. 
Carpenter  and  Samuel  B.  Scott,  of  Toledo  ;  and 
of  William  Houston,  were  announced.  An  ad- 
dress was  delivered  by  Willard  V.  Way,  of  Per- 
rysburg, on  the  question  of  boundary  between 
Ohio  and  Michigan,  known  a.s  the  "  Toledo 
War."  A  dinner  at  Norton's  Exchange  fol- 
lowed the  meeting. 

June  24,  1868,  a  meeting  was  held  at  Toledo. 
In  the  absence  of  President  Navarre,  Vice  Pres- 
ident Conant  presided.  Four  members  were  re- 
ported as  having  died  during  the  year  pre- 
ceding, viz. :  Ebenezer  Walbridge,  of  Toledo  ; 
Horace  Sessions,  of  Deiiance ;  N.  D.  Blinn,  of 
Wood  ;  and  John  Consaul,  of  Lucas.  Officers 
were  chosen  as  follows  : 

Vice  Presidents — Gen.  John  E.  Hunt,  of  Toledo  ; 
W.  C.  Holgate,  of  Defiance  ;  and  W.  V.  Way,  of  Per- 
rysburg. Recording  Secretary — Charles  T.  Wales. 
Corresponding  Secretary — John  J.  Minor.  Treasurer 
—J.  M.  Comstock.  Trustees— N.  A.  Whitney,  Mavor 
Brigham  and  Henry  Bennett. 

It  was  resolved  to  procure  steel  portraits  of 
Peter  Navarre,  and  of  such  other  members  as 
might  be  found  practicable. 

No  meeting  seems  to  have  been  hold,  from 
June,  1868,  until  May,  1874,  when  officers  were 
chosen,  as  follows : 

President — John  E.  Hunt  (Mr.  Navarre,  meantime, 
having  died);  Vice  Presiiient,  Dr.  E.  D.  Peck,  Perrys- 
burg ;  Willard  Trowbridge,  Fulton  county ;  Henry 
Bennett,  Lucas.  Trustees — Mavor  Brigham,  Chaunc_y 
D.  Woodruff,  Willard  V.  Way  ;  Secretary  and  Treas- 
urer— Charles  T.  Wales. 

A  meeting  was  held  February  22,  1876,  at 
Perrysburg,  President  Hunt  in  the  Chair. 
Asher  Cook  read  an  eulogy  on  the  life  and 
chai-acter  of  Willard  V.Way;  and  Judge  Dunlap 
read  a  compilation  of  Gen.  Hunt's  personal  ex- 
periences, entitled  "Sixty  Years  Since,"  in- 
cluding a  large  amount  of  historical  facts  and 
incidents,  occurring  during  the  General's  long 
residence  in  the  Maumee  Valley,  beginning  at 
the  very  opening  of  the  War  of  1812-15. 
Officers  were  chosen  as  follows:  Vice  Presi- 
dents, I>r.    E.    D.  Peck,  Willard  Trowbridge, 


and  Henry  Bennett ;  Trustees,  Mavor  Brigham 
and  Asher  Cook;  Secretary  and  Treasurer, 
Thos.  Dunlap. 

February  22,  1877,  the  Association  met,  with 
President  Hunt  in  the  Chair.  Memorial  ad- 
dresses and  remarks  were  made  of  different 
deceased  members — Asher  Cook,  upon  Dr.  E.  D. 
Peck;  Eev.  Robt.  McCune,  upon  Russell  C. 
Thompson,  of  Lucas  County;  Mavor  Brigham, 
upon  Thomas  Corlett,  of  Toledo;  Francis  llol- 
lenbeck,  uj)on  Jonathan  Perrin,  of  Perrysburg  ; 
Charles  Kent,  upon  Peter  Navarre;  Thomas 
Dunlap,  upon  Mrs.  John  B.  Hunt.     Judge  E. 

D.  Potter  delivered  the  annual  address,  which 
was  replete  with  local  history,  reaching  back 
to  1785.  Judge  Dunlap  read  reminiscences  of 
history  prepared  by  General  Hunt  ;  and  N.  M. 
Howard  spoke  of  his  early  life  in  the  Maumee 
Valley.  A  letter  was  read  from  Hezekiah  L. 
Hosmer,  at  iSan  Francisco,  California,  referring 
largely  to  former  personal  relations  in  the  Mau- 
mee Valley.  Officers  were  chosen  as  follows  : 
Vice  Presidents — Willard  Trowbridge,  of  Ful- 
ton county;  Henry  Bennett,  of  Lucas;  and 
Asher  Cook,  of  Wood.  Trustees— C.  D.  Wood- 
ruff, Mavor  Brigham  and  N.  M.  Howard. 
Secretary — Thomas  Dunlap.  A  dinner  was 
eaten  by  the  members  at  the  Boody  House,  at 
the  close  of  which  brief  addresses  were  de- 
livered by  J.  C.  Lee,  J.  R.  Osborn,  Clark  Wag- 
goner, Charles  Kent  and  Rev.  E.  C.  Gavitt. 

The  Association  met  at  Defiance  February 
22, 1878.  President  Hunt  having  died,  Thomas 
H.  Learning,  the  oldest  resident  member,  was 
called  to  the  chair.  A  memorial  of  Hazel 
Strong,  of  Henry  County,  was  read  by  Wm. 
Sheffield;  and  a  memorial  of  Gen.  Hunt,  by 
Thomas  Dunlap;  when  the  annual  address  was 
delivered  by  Wm.  C.  Holgate,  of  Defiance. 
The  officers  of  the  preceding  year  were  re- 
elected, with  Mr.  Learning  as  President.  Asher 
Cook  addressed  the  meeting  on  the  life  and 
character  of  Gen.  Anthony  Wayne ;  and  Rev. 

E.  C.  Gavitt  on  the  early  Christian  missions  in 
the  Maumee  Valley.  Many  new  members  were 
I'eceived  at  this  meeting. 

February  20,  1880,  a  meeting  was  held  at 
Toledo,  President  Leaming  in  the  chair.  The 
annual  address  was  delivered  by  Asher  Cook. 
Resolutions  were  adopted  proposing  the  pur 
chase  by  Congress  of  the  site  of  Fort  Meigs  and 
such  improvement  of  the  same  as  would  be 
consistent  with  its  history  and  the  graves  of  the 
many  Soldiers  therein.  Foi-  the  purpose  of 
promoting  this  object,  the  following  Committee 
were  appointed  :  VV.  W.  Jones,  I.  R.  Sherwood 
and  Thomas  Dunlap,  of  Lucas  County;  and 
Asher  Cook,  J.  W.  Ross  and  Shibnah  Spink,  of 
Wood  County. 

The  following  officers  were  chosen :  Vice 
Presidents— W.  Trowbridge,  Henry  Bennett 
and  Asher  Cook;  Trustees — M.  Brigham,  C. 
D.  Woodruff  and  N.  M.  Howard  ;  Secretary — 
Thos.  Dunlap. 


PIONEERS. 


701 


A  dinner  was  taken  at  Hotel  Madison,  after 
which  Mrs.  J.  D.  Irving  read  a  ])oem  written 
by  Mrs.  K.  B.  Sherwood,  and  remarks  were 
made  by  Mayor  Eomeis,  B.  D.  Potter,  and  N. 
M.  Howard. 

The  last  meeting  of  the  Association  held  was 
thatof  August  17,  1887,  at  Maumeo,  when  Pres- 
ident Wm.  B.  Gunnwas  in  the  chair,  with  Euel 
Alden  as  Secretary. 

MEMBERS   OF    THE    ASSOCIATION. 

Following  is  believed  to  be  a  correct  list  of 
members  of  the  Maumee  Valley  Pioneer  Asso- 
ciation, with  the  diites  of  their  arrivals  in  the 
Valley,  and  the  places  of  first  settlement,  so  far 
as  ascertained  for  record : 

(■>  Deceased.) 

Miller  Arrowsmith,  1833,  Defiance. 

Geo.  Allen,  1834. 

Mrs.  H.  B.  Andrews,  1823,  Wood  Co. 

Samuel  Andrews,  Toledo,  1835. 

Rosantha  Atkins,  1833. 

Benj.  L.  Abell,  1846,  Defiance. 

Henry  Bennett,*  1833,  Perrysburg. 

N.  D.  Blinn,  1825,  Perrysburg. 

Mavor  Brigham,  1835,  Toledo. 

Calvin  K.  Bennett,  1835,  Perrysburg. 

John  E.  Bond,*  1836,  Toledo. 

John  Bates,  1832,  Perrysburg. 

Amasa  Bishop,*  1825,  Washington  Township. 

Frederick  Bissell,*  1835,  Toledo. 

A.  A.  Belknap,  1834,  Toledo. 
Andrew  Bloomfleld,  1833,  Perrysburg. 

Gilbert  Beach,  1835,  Perrysburg. 

B.  H.  Bush,  1834,  Washington  Township. 
Sylvester  Brown,  1831,  Washington  Township. 
A.  B.  Browulee,*  1835,  Toledo. 

Peter  F.  Berdan,*  1836,  Toledo. 

Charles  Ballard,  1837,  Maumee. 

Julius  Brown,  1824. 

Wm.  H.  Bennett,  1833,  Perrysburg. 

Richard  Bamford,  1838. 

H.  R.  Bernthei.sel,  1831. 

Abner  Brown,  1835. 

D.  Barnes,  1837. 

Samuel  Blanchard,  .1834,  Washington  Township. 

Robert  H.  Bell,  1847,  Toledo. 

Delia  A.  Bell,  1847,  Toledo. 

Wm.  H.  Boos,  1842,  Toledo. 

Calvin  Bronson,  1851,  Toledo. 

Milo  Bashare,  1838,  Toledo. 

John  Berdan,  1835,  Toledo. 

R.  Bloomfield,  1842. 

Ed.  F.  Browne,  1845,  Toledo. 

Chas.  O.  Brigham,  1838,  Toledo. 

Wm.  A.  Beach,  1855,  Toledo. 

Reed  V.  Boice,  1846,  Toledo. 

Wm.  Baker,  1844,  Toledo. 

Matthias  Boos,*  1837,  Toledo. 

Mrs.  M.  P.  Brigham,  1S43,  Toledo. 

Stanley  F.  Brigham,  1844,  Toledo. 

Anthony  Bordeau,  1816. 

Mrs.  Dr.  J.  H.  Bush,  1836. 

Mrs.  Henry  Bennett,  1833,  Perrysburg. 

Mrs.  Pamela  Berdan,  1S35,  Toledo. 

Mrs.  Eliza  Blodgett,  1844,  Toledo. 

Henry  E.  Bruksieker,  1844,  Toledo. 

A.  B.  Bradley,  1851. 

Wm.  Babington,*  1855,  Toledo. 

Peter  H.  Birckhead,  1854,  Toledo. 

Mrs.  JIaria  Baldwin,  1832,  Toledo. 

Bradford  Barlow,  1824,  Fort  Meigs. 

Nathaniel  Bartlett. 

Leander  Burdick,  18.55,  Toledo. 


Hermjin  Baumbach,  1866,  Toledo. 

Oliver  S.  Bond,   185.5,  Toledo. 

A.  B.  Brownleo,  Jr.,  1849,  Toledo. 

Mrs.  W.  A.  Brown,  1836,  Defiance. 

Kate  O.  Brown,  1843,  Defiance. 

F.  G.  Brown,  1841,  Defiance. 

George  A.  Carpenter,*  1840,  Toledo. 

Sanford  L.  Collins,  1831,  Toledo. 

John  W.  Collins,*  1834,  Treinainesville. 

James  M.  Comstock,*  1836,  Toledo. 

Morgan  L.  Collins,*  18.34,  Toledo. 

Charles  A.  (Jrane,*  1830,  Toledo. 

Asher  Cook,  1835,  Perrysburg. 

Jeremiah  C.  Crane,  1827,  Perrysburg. 

Galusha  Chase,  1839. 

Thomas  Corlett,*  18.34,  Toledo. 

Gabriel  (^rane,  1826,  East  Toledo. 

John  (lonsaul,  1837,  East  Toledo. 

Edward  Connelly,*  1836,  Toledo. 

Joel  W.  Crane,  1827,  Toledo. 

J.  E.  Cowderick,  1821,  Napoleon. 

James  Curtis,  1834. 

Jonathan  Chappell,  1823,  Maumee. 

David  Creps,  1833,  Perrysburg. 

William  Crook,  Sr.,  1831. 

Carlos  Colton,*  1824,  Monroe,  Michigan. 

Charles  Coy,*  18.35,  East  Toledo. 

Frederick  J.  Cole,*  1842,  Toledo. 

Cyrus  H.  Coy. 

Abram  W.  Colton,  1849,  Toledo. 

Albert  G.  Clark,  1848,  Toledo. 

Mrs.  Roxana  Crane,  1818,  Wood  County. 

Joseph  G.  Cass,  1832,  Waynesfield  (now  Adams). 

William  L.  Cook,  1835,  Perrysburg. 

Dr.  Jacob  Clark,  1834,  Toledo. 

S.  D.  Chamberlin,  1852,  Toledo. 

Jacob  Cranker,  1832,  Toledo. 

Henry  T.  Cook,*  1848,  Toledo. 

Daniel  A.  Collins,  1837,  Toledo. 

M.  J.  Cooney,  1842,  Toledo. 

Charles  P.  Chesebro,*  1849,  Toledo. 

J.  A.  Crafts,  1824,  Toledo. 

William  Corlett,  1839,  Toledo. 

G.  W.  Creps,  1833,  Perrysburg. 

J.  A.  Conway,  1837,  Toledo. 

Isaac  Corwin.  1850,  Defiance. 

Dr.  Horatio  Conant,*  1816,  Maumee. 

Dennis  Coghlin,  1836,  Toledo. 

0.  V.  Crosby,  1828,  Delta. 

Edward  Chapin,  1855,  Toledo. 

Vien  Cowderick,  1838,  Napoleon. 

Charles  M.  Dorr,*  1837,  Toledo. 

James  Dennison,  1834. 

Willard  J.  Daniels,*  1832,  Toledo. 

Thomas  Daniels,  1.S37,  Toledo. 

Joseph  W.  McNeal,  1834,  East  Toledo. 

Thomas  Dunlap,  1840,  Toledo. 

James  Draper,  1849,  Toledo. 

S.  F.  Over,  183(!,  Toledo. 

Patrick"  H.  Dowbng,  1839, 

Mrs.  Thomas  Dunlap  (nre  Allen*),  1832,  Toledo. 

Hannah  L.  Demmon,  1837. 

B.  F.  Deamer,  1849,  Defiance. 

Michael  J.  Enright,  18.53,  Toledo. 

Jacob  Englehart,  1852,  Toledo. 

W.  O.  Ensign,  1837. 

Charles  H.  Edilv,  1844,  Adrian,  Michigan. 

Mrs.  H.  Eggleston,  1844,  Toledo. 

R.  Evans,  1822,  Defiance. 

Robert  A.  Forsyth,*  1816,  Maumee. 

John  Fitch,  1836,  Toledo. 

William  Flvnn,  1833. 

John  Fay,  1833. 

William  Fellows,  1834. 

John  P.  Freeman,  1835,  Toledo. 

William  J.  Finlay,  1843,  Toledo. 

John  Faskin,  1848,  Toledo. 


702 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


Robert  Fenton,  1834,  Wood  County. 

Horace  F.  Fisk,  1847,  Toledo. 

M.  Gurwell,  1847,  Defiance. 

Rev.  Elnathan  C^  Gavitt,  1828,  Toledo. 

Wilson  W.  Griffith,  1854,  Toledo. 

Jacob  Gurwell,  1841,  Defiance. 

Joel  M.  Gloyd,  1843,  Maumee.  . 

Marv  E.  Gloyd,  1850,  Maumee. 

William  B.  Gunn,  1820,  Maumee. 

Aloiizo  Godard,  1845,  Toledo. 

Mrs.  Mary  Ann  Gilbert,  1827,  Maumee. 

Volnev  W.  Granger,  1849,  Toledo. 

Nathan  Gardner,  1S32. 

Alfred  W.  Gleason,  1854,  Toledo. 

Isaac  Hull,*  1814,  Maumee. 

John  E.  Hunt,*  born  at  Fort  Wayne,  1798. 

W.  C.  Holgate,  1836,  Defiance. 

Brice  Hilton,  1823,  Defiance. 

Abram  Hartman,  1835. 

Elijah  S.  Hanks,*  1835,  Toledo. 

Elijah  Herrick,  182.3,  Swanton. 

W.  R.  Hull,  1833,  Maumee. 

Calvin  Herrick,  18.33,  Toledo. 

Robert  A.  Howard,*  1823,  Mt.  Gilead. 

N.  Montgomery  Howard,  1828,  Mt.  Gilead. 

Horace  Hertzler,  Erie,  Monroe  County,  Michigan. 

W.  Houston,  1836. 

Charles  W.  Hill,*  1836,  Toledo. 

Harrison  L.  Hallowav,  1834,  Toledo. 

Henry  Hall,*  Toledo^ 

J.  W.  Hone,  1833. 

I.  N.  Hathaway,  1840. 

J.  G.  Holzwarth,  18.54,  Toledo. 

Francis  Hollenbeck,*  1842,  Perrysburg. 

Parley  C.  Holt,  1843,  Maumee. 

Edward  H.  Hunter,  1846,  Maumee. 

Mrs.  N.  M.  Howard,  1843,  Toledo. 

PhiHp  Hoag,*  1842,  Toledo. 

William  T.  Hall,*  1850,  Toledo. 

Charles  T.  Howe,  1857,  Toledo. 

M.  W.  Hubbell,*  1832,  Ft.  Wayne. 

Frank  J.  Holt,  1851,  Maumee. 

Daniel  Y.  Howell,*  1845,  Toledo. 

Arthur  D.  Howell,  1850,  Toledo. 

C.  B.  Holloway,  1836. 

Cecil  A.  Hall,  1849,  Toledo. 

Clara  Harroun,  1835. 

Mrs.  E.  J.  C.  Harroun,  1836,  Sylvania. 

C.  H.  Harroun,  1835,  Sylvania. 
Henry  J.  Hardy,  1851,  Defiance. 
Hezekiah  L.  Hosmer,  1837,  Maumee. 
John  E.  Hall,  1836,  Waterville. 
Henry  Hefliebower,  1833,  Monclova. 
Andrew  Hunker,  1853,  Toledo. 
Margaret  Hunker,*  1853,  Toledo. 
Franklin  Hubbard,  1866,  Toledo. 

S.  P.  Hudson,  1823,  Defiance. 
Arabella  H.  Hooker,  1839,  Defiance. 
James  G.  Haley,  1835,  Napoleon. 
E.  A.  Howard,  1832,  Defiance. 
H.  B.  Hal!,  1844,  Defiance. 

D.  W.  H.  Howard,  1821,  Defiance. 
W.  C.  Halehenson,  1849,  Defiance. 
Charles  Y.  Jennison,  1818,  East  Toledo. 
Joseph  Jones,*  1835,  Toledo. 

David  Johnson,*  1.835,  Toledo. 

W.  H.  Jones,  1833. 

Solomon  Johnson,  1836. 

Dr.  W.  W.  Jones,  1849,  Toledo. 

Mrs.  Adaline  Jones  {nee  Knaggs),  1831,  Toledo. 

Anna  M.  Johnston,  1837. 

Frank  P.  Isherwood,  1853,  Toledo. 

Mary  B.  Jarvis,  1853,  Defiance. 

Valentine  H.  Ketcham,*  1836,  Toledo. 

Harvey  Kellogg,  1836,  Washington  Township. 

Betsey  Ann  Kellogg,  1847. 

Joel  W.  Kelsey,  1845,  Toledo. 


William  0.  Keeler,  born  in  Wood  County,  1833. 

Mrs.  Rachel  Ann  Ketcham,  1835,  Toledo". 

Frank  J.  King,  1844,  Toledo. 

John  B.  Ketcham,  1851,  Toledo. 

Laura  B.  Keyser,  1835,  Maumee. 

Malinda  Knaggs,  1818,  Toledo. 

John  S.  Kountz,  1846,  Springfield. 

Horace  S.  Knapp,*  1836,  Manhattan. 

J.  D.  Kirk,  1837,  Defiance. 

Martin  L.  Leezen,  1839,  Toledo. 

Peter  C.  Lewis,  1830,  Washington  Township. 

Pliny  Lathrop,  1834,  Richfield. 

L.  C.  Locke,*  1835,  Perrvsburg. 

P.  G.  Loupe,  1830. 

D.  Lindsay,  1834. 

Thomas  H.  Leaming,*  1815,  Monclova. 

William  Laughlin,  1846,  Toledo. 

Frank  T.  Lane,  1842,  Maumee. 

Mrs.  E.  B.  Lindsay,  1820. 

Jonathan  Lundv,*  1820,  Manhattan. 

N.  M.  Landis,*"l840. 

Lyman  Langdon,  1835,  Defiance. 

Reuben  C.  Lemmon,  1852,  Toledo. 

James  Myers,*  1836,  Toledo. 

Richard  Mott,*  1836,  Toledo. 

John  J.  Manor,*  1 827,  Providence. 

John  Mosher,  East  Toledo. 

Jerome  B.  Myers,*  1837,  Toledo. 

L.  L.  Morehouse,*  1837,  Waterville. 

Joseph  Mitchell,  1830. 

George  S.  ]\IcKnight,*  1820,  Perrysburg. 

Patrick  Murray,  Toledo. 

Ozias  Merrell,  1838. 

James  W.  Myers,  1848,  Toledo. 

Albert  xMoore,*  1832,  Wood  County. 

C.  A.  Markscheflel,  1849,  Toledo. 
George  W.  Merrill,  1852,  Toledo. 
W.  H.  Merritt,*  1838,  Maumee. 
Edward  ]\Ialone,*  1851,  Toledo. 
John  A.  Moore,  1836,  Maumee. 
Nicholas  Matthews,  1S47. 
Reuben  B.  Mitchell,  1843,  Maumee. 
Guido  Marx,  1849,  Wood  County. 
J.  P.  Moore.  1834,  Fremont. 

Levi  Stanley,  18.33,  Springfield. 
N.  M.  Merrickal,  1846,  Toledo. 
James  McNelly,  1840,  Toledo. 

D.  H.  Marcellus,  1835,  Defiance. 
John  Miller,  1820,  Defiance. 
Hugh  J.  Marcellus,  1836,  Defiance. 

E.  B.  Mix,  1849,  Defiance. 

Peter  Navarre,*  1793,  Presque  Isle. 

H.  Nood,  1832. 

Alexander  H.  Newcomb,  1835,  Toledo. 

D.  Newton,  1840,  Wood  County. 

Mrs.  Eveline  Newton,  1850,  Wood  County. 

Francis  L.  Nichols,  1836,  Manhattan. 

Mars  Nearing,  1834,  Waterville. 

C.  W.  Norton,  1835. 

Jesse  S.  Norton,*  1835,  Toledo. 

D.  H.  Nye,  1849,  Toledo. 
Mrs.  M.  D.  Norton,  1829. 

H.  G.  Neubert,  1843,  Toledo. 

Eccles  Nay,  1834.  Toledo. 

Chris.  Nopper,  1854,  Toledo. 

William  Prentice,*  1818,  East  Toledo. 

Philip  I.  Phillips,*  1825,  Tremainesville. 

George  Powers,*  1835,  Perrysburg. 

John  U.  Pease,*  1835,  Sylvania. 

Emery  D.  Potter,  1835,  Toledo. 

William  Pratt,  1818. 

Andrew  Printup,*  1834,  Sylvania. 

Don  A.  Pease,*  1835,  Sylvania. 

Dr.  E.  D.  Peck,*  1834,  Perrysburg. 

Mrs.  E.  D.  Peck,  1844,  Perrysburg. 

S.  Perrin,  1838,  Perry.sburg. 

George  N.  Parsons,  1837,  Perrysburg. 


PIONEERS. 


703 


B.  F,  Pratt,  1S34. 
Edwin  Phelps,  1834,  Deflance. 
Alonzo  D.  Pelton,  1850,  Toledo. 
Sarah  Pearce,  1840,  Toledo. 
James  Pearson,  lSoi». 

Charles  B.  Phillips,  1828,  Washington  Township. 
Frederick  Prentice.  18i'l  (born  in  East  Toledo). 
Mrs.  Esther  Perigo,*  184S,  Toledo. 
Gibbons  Parry,  1840,  Defiance. 
Samuel  A.  Raymond,  1830,  Toledo. 
Alonzo  Rogers,*  183."),  Toledo. 
Henry  Reed,  Sr.,*  1833,  Waterville. 
John  P.  Rowe,*  1831,  Erie,  Michigan. 
Abram  P,  Reed,*  1834,  Waterville. 
J.  A.  Robert.son,  183(1. 
William  Rnssell,  1833. 
Alexander  Reed,  1833,  Waterville. 
J.  Roemer,  1840,  Toledo. 
E.  P.  Raymond,  1847. 
Paul  Raymond,  1834. 
W.  L.  Rowland,  1849. 
Samuel  S.  Read,  18.50,  Toledo. 
Mrs.  H.  Rogers,  1832. 
James  W.  Ross,  1845,  Perrysburg. 
Mrs.  James  W.  Ross,  1834,  Perrvsburg. 
W.  H.  Reed,  18.52,  Toledo. 
James  Rohrer,  1822,  Defiance. 
B.  AV.  Rouse,  1844,  Toledo. 
Jacob  Romeis,  18.56,  Toledo. 
R.  E.  Richards,*  1842,  Toledo. 
James  Raymer,  1853,  Toledo. 
I.  N..Reed,  1847,  Springfield  Township. 
J.  P.  Ralston,  1842,  Defiance. 
J.  Austin  Scott,  1833,  Perrysburg. 
Samuel  B.  Scott,*  1835,  Toledo. 
Two  Stickney,*  1822,  Toledo. 
Horace  Sessions,  1833,  Deflance. 
Oliver  Stevens,  1832,  Oregon  Township. 
Denison  B.  Smith,  1836,  Maumee. 
Thomas  Southard,*  1832,  Toledo. 
Jessup  W.  Scott,  1832,  Perrysburg. 
J.  B.  Smith,  1833. 
Peter  H.  Shaw,  1823,  Toledo. 
George  Spencer,*  1836,  Maumee. 
Joseph  K.  Secor,  1840,  Toledo. 
James  Smith,  1824. 
Shibnah  Spink,*  1833,  Perrysburg. 
J.  J.  Smith,  183.5. 
Henry  Seabert,  1833. 
H.  T.  Smith,*  1838,  Perrysburg. 
Ira  K.  Seaman,  1832,  Sandusky  County. 
Mrs.  Aurora  Spatford  (first  woman  married  on  the 
River). 

Daniel  R.  Stebbins,*  1835,  Maumee. 

Andrew  Steplian. 

E.  E.  Stewarts,  1843,  Toledo. 

Mrs.  Mary  M.  Stewart,  1843,  Toledo. 

D.  G.  Saltonstall,  Toledo. 

Dr.  William  A.  Scott,  1835,  Swanton. 

J.  V.  Straight,  1838. 

Charles  I.  Scott,  1839,  Toledo. 

J.  E.  Scofield,  1833,  Florida,  Henrv  Countv. 

W.  H.  H.  Smith,  1849,  Toledo. 

James  T.  Shepard,  1835,  Toledo. 

Levi  Snell,*  1815. 

Thomas  J.  Southard,  1841,  Toledo. 

Samuel  Stettiner,  1.S.50,  Toledo. 

Charles  L.  Spencer,  1846,  Maumee. 

Joseph  M.  Spencer,  1850,  Maumee. 

William  H.  Scott,  1833,  Maumee. 

A.  T.  Stebbins,*  1846,  Henry  County. 

George  Stebbins,*  1848. 

Frank  J.  Scott,  1833,  Maumee. 

Mrs.  R.  C.  Stowe,  1831,  Toledo. 

Mrs.  A.  F.  Stowe,  1833. 

James  F.  Stubbs,  1834. 

William  M.  Stubbs,  1836,  Defiance. 


William  Sheffield,*  1841,  Napoleon. 
Catharine  E.  .'^cofield,  184.3,  Florida. 
Orpha  N.  Stebbins,  1837,  Henry  County. 
E.  C.  Smith,  1854,  Toledo. 
James  B.  Steedinan,*  1837,  Henry  County. 
William  Sclianseubach,  1855,  Toledo. 
Helen  Brown  Scott,  1847,  Defiance. 
Jacob  Savior,  1,S33,  Defiance. 
\.  E.  .Simpson,  1825,  Defiance. 
William  N.  Smith.  182(i,  Defiance. 
Horace  Thacher,  1833,  Tremainesvilie. 
E.  Tuller,  1830,  Perrysburg. 
S.  B.  Thornton,  1837. 
Miss  Taylor,  18.35. 
Thomas  Tiernan,  1839,  Toledo. 
Willard  Trowbridge,  1834,  Fulton  County. 
W.  Tapiian,  1S:!4. 

Anson  Trowbridge,  18.34,  Washington. 
Perry  Thomas,  1835,  Wood  County. 
Henry  Thorner,  1845,  Toledo. 
Lyman  T.  Thayer,  1843,  Toledo. 
P.  B.  Truax,  1842,  Adrian. 
R.  H.  Tympany,*  1843,  Toledo. 
James  Trenton,  1835. 
C.  Trowbridge,  1834. 
L.  W.  Taft,  1847. 
Mrs.  W.  Taylor,  1835. 
Adaline  Thomas,  1835. 
William  Travis,  1819,  Defiance. 
William  Taylor,*  1834,  Spencer. 
Wesley  S.  Thurstin,  1836,  Wood  County. 
M.  E.  Thornton,  1839,  Defiance. 
Charles  P.  Tittle,  1839,  Defiance. 
John  VanFleet,*  1829. 
J.  Van  Tassel,  1829. 
John  Van  Gunten,*  1834. 
Thomas  Vanstone,  1852,  Toledo. 
James  R.  Van  Fleet,  1828,  Waterville. 
W.  Van  Fleet,  1828. 
John  Van  Gunten,  1854,  Toledo. 
H.  Warner,  1835,  Perrysburg. 
A.  B.  Waite,*  1843,  Toledo. 
Joseph  S.  Whitney,  1834. 
S.  H.  Wolfinger,  1834. 
George  Weddell,  1837,  Perrysburg. 
J.  Washner,  1848. 
W.  Watson,  1.S.35. 
Thomas  Watts,  1844,  Waterville. 
John  Webb,*  1822,  Perrysburg. 
Mrs.  Sarah  Wood,  1833. 
William  II.  Whitaker,  1851,  Toledo. 
George  Watkius,  1849,  Toledo. 
Warren  S.  Waite,*  1.843,  Toledo. 
Josiah  W.  White,  1836.  Svlvania. 
John  A.  Waite,  1843,  Toledo. 
Dr.  Oscar  White,*  1828,  Maumee. 
Morrison  R.  Waite,  1838,  Maumee. 
Chauncey  D.  Woodrufl,*  1835,  Perrysburg. 
Willard  V.  Way,*  1834,  Perrvsburg. 
Elijah  J.  Woodruff,  IS36,  Toledo. 
Luther  Whitmore,  1825,  Toledo. 
Eber  Wilson,*  182.3,  Wood  County. 
Martin  Warner,  1836,  Tontogany. 
Noah  A.  Whitnev,*  1S34,  Washington. 
Hiram  Walbridge,     1833,  Toledo. 
Horace  S.  Walbridge,  1833,  Toledo. 
Heman  D.  Walbridge,  1833,  Toledo. 
Ebenezer  Walbridge,*  183('),  Toledo. 
David  Wilkison,*  1818,  Perrysburg. 
Thomas  J.  Webb,  1828,  Perrysburg. 
Mrs.  A.  B.  Waite,  1843,  Toledo. 
John  H.  Whitaker,*  1844,  Toledo. 
George  E.  Welles,  1849. 
J.  W.  Waltcrhouse,  1846,  Toledo. 
M.  I.  Wilcox,  1850,  Toledo. 
Jonathan  Wood,*  1831. 
Maro  Wheeler,  1852,  Toledo. 


704 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Christ.  Woehler,*  1S50,  Toledo. 

Lewis  Waclienlieiiner,  1S.5(),  Toledo. 

EiueiT  P.  Willev,  J844. 

Alonzo  H.  Wood,  1843. 

Charles  AVest,  1S47,  Toledo. 

James  Winans,  184-4. 

Ed.  T.  Waite,  1S46,  Maumee. 

C.  H.  Whitaker,  1846,  Toledo. 

W.  H.  Witmore. 

Henry  Willcox,*  1834. 

S.  B.  Worden,  1S24,  Toledo. 

Charles  T.  Wales,*  1832,  Toledo. 

B.  B.  Woodcox,  1838,  Paulding  County. 

Samuel  JI.  Young,  1835,  Maumee. 

PIONEER   POETRY. 

The  following  original  poem,  read  at  the  first 
annual  Ee-union  of  the  Pioneei's  of  Kalamazoo 
County,  Michigan,  July  29,  1871,  so  descriptive 
of  pioneer  life,  is  deemed  worthy  of  a  place 
here : 

PIONEERS,  OR,  FORTY  YEARS  AGO. 

Yes,  everything  has  changed,  John  ;  there's  nothing  seems  the 

same: 
And  yet,  it  was  not  long  ago,  the  time  when  first  we  came. 
But  the  years  have  passed  so  swiftly — my  hair  is  white  as  snow  ; 
And  not  a  white  hair  when  I  came — now  forty  years  ago. 

'Twas  here  I  set  my  stake,  John,  when  all  was  wild  and  new  ; 
We  followed  ux»  the  Indian  trail— ours  the  first  team  through. 
Just  there  our  wagons  stood  that  night — we  heard  the  Wolf's 

howl  then, 
And  the  first  sound  heard  as  morning  dawned,  was  the  boom  of 

the  Prairie-Hen. 

The  following  verses,  written  by  the  late 
John  Greiner  and  .sung  by  him  at  a  meeting  of 
Pioneers  of  Franklin  County,  in  Augu.st,  1869, 
are  applicable  to  the  average  experience  of 
Pioneers  throughout  the  West: 

OLD  TIMES. 

What  care  we  for  the  flight  of  time— the  hasty  flight  of  years  ? 
The  world's  the  same  as  ever  to  the  Early  Pioneers. 
In  mem'ry  of  the  old  time— of  youth's  bright  sunny  ray, 
We'll  have  a  good  old-fashioned  song  in  the  good  old-fashioned 
way, 
Singing  tu  ral,  lu  ral,  tu  ral,  lu  ral 

Once  Columbus  was  a  paw-paw  patch— no  Capitol  stood  here, 
No  public  institutions  were  then  dreamed  of— thought  of— near. 
The  people  in  log-cabins  dwelt. — the  latch-string  iu  the  door. 
Opened  to  the  jolly  neighbors  dancing  on  the  puncheon  floor, 
Singing  tu  ral,  etc. 

A  clearing  in  the  wild-wood,  a  section  square  of  land  ; 
An  axe  ui)on  his  shoulder  and  a  rifle  in  his  hand  : 
A  wife  and  tow-head  children,  and  an  honest  heart  sincere. 
Were  all  the  worldly  riches  of  the  Early  Pioneer, 
Singing  tu  ral,  etc. 

The  Preachers  taught  the  people  there  the  Gospel  truths  sub- 
lime ; 

And  the  children  got  their  Schooling  only  in  the  Winter  time. 

When  ague  set  the  neighbors  shaking — chills  and  fever  scorning, 

They  were  cured  by  drinking  whisky  mixed  with  tansy  in  the 
morning. 
Singing  tural,  etc. 

Game  hounding  through  the  forest,  and  game  whistling  on  the 

wing  ; 
The  perch,  the  trout  and  salmon    from  silver  waters  spring  ; 
Wild  honey  in  the  bee-gum— boiling  sugar  into  cake,. 
With  beauty  in  the  wilderness,  wasn't  hard  to  take. 
Singing  tu  ral,  etc. 

The  hair  once  dark  as  midnight,  now  is  turning  white  as  snow  ; 
The  step  once  tripping  lightly,  now  treads  stately,  staid  and  slow; 
The  voice  once  lull  of  music,  now  falls  trembling  from  the 

tougvie. 
And  %vrinkled  brow  and  failing  limbs  show  they're  no  longer 

young. 
Singing  tu  ral,  etc. 

Old  Age,  serene,  is  beautiful— 'tis  bright  as  closing  day  : 
And  children,  loved  and  dutiful,  revere  it  while  vou  may  ; 
For,  journeying  down  the  hill  of  life,  the  end  in  view  appears. 
And  soon  the  requiem  will  be  sung— "The  Last  of  Pioneers." 


JOHN  ELLIOTT  HUNT  was  born  at  Fort 
Wayne,  Indiana  (within  the  Fort),  April  11, 
1798.  He  was  the  seventh  of  a  family  of  11 
children  of  Thomas  and  Eunice  (Wellington) 
Hunt,  of  Watertown,  near  Boston,  Massachu- 
setts. The  father  was  a  particijiant  in  the  first 
battle  of  the  Eevolution,  at  Ijexington,  and 
was  wounded  in  the  action  at  Bunker  Hill.  He 
was  also  one  of  the  forlorn  hope  under  General 
Wayne,  at  the  storming  of  Stonj'  Point,  on  the 
Hudson,  and  was  there  wounded  bj'  a  bayonet. 
He  was  then  commissioned  Major  by  General 
Washington  for  gallant  and  meritorious  con- 
duct, and  afterwards  was  successive!}-  commis- 
sioned Lieutenant-Colonel  and  Colonel  of  the 
Old  Continental  First  Infantry  Pegiment,  by 
Thomas  Jefferson.  Subsequently,  Colonel 
Hunt  was  ordered  with  his  Regiment  from 
Mackinaw  to  take  possession  of  St.  Louis, 
where  he  commanded  from  1803  to  18(17.  The 
passage  was  made  in  pirogues  and  French 
batteaux,  skirting  along  the  Lakes  to  the 
Maumee  River;  up  that  stream  to  Fort 
Wayne ;  thence  by  portage  to  the  head- 
waters of  the  Wabash  ;  down  that  River  to 
the  Ohio ;  and  thence  to  St.  Louis.  General 
Hunt  well  remembered  the  stop  at  the  present 
site  of  Toledo,  the  occasion  being  fixed  in  his 
memory  by  the  incident  of  a  Soldier's  losing  a 
thumb  by  the  explosion  of  his  gun,  in  firing  at 
ducks  at  the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek.  On  the 
banks  of  the  Missouri,  15  miles  from  St.  Louis, 
Colonel  Hunt  constructed  a  cantonment,  and 
named  it  Belletontaino.  He  died  at  St.  Louis, 
his  faithful  wife  following  him  three  months 
after  bis  demise.  They  both  lie  in  Bellefon- 
taine.  In  later  years,  a  cemetery  was  laid 
out  about  eight  miles  back  of  St.  Louis,  and  is 
known  as  Bellefontaine.  In  1812,  when  his 
brother-in-law.  Dr.  Abraham  Edwards,  of 
Dayton,  Ohio,  was  appointed  Surgeon-General 
to  the  Army  of  General  Hull,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch  went  to  live  with  his  brother, 
Henry  J.  Hunt,  in  Detroit,  and  there  witnessed 
Hull's  surrender  to  the  British  Army  under 
General  Brock.  He  was  present,  also,  at  the  re- 
taking of  Detroit,  by  General  Harrison.  While 
in  his  Irtth  j^ear,  his  brother,  who  wasasafather 
to  the  children,  sent  him  to  Sandwich,  Canada, 
to  secure  at  least  an  elementary  education,  no 
School  being  then  in  existence  in  Michigan. 
His  student-life  in  Canada,  as  well  as  all  the 
schooling  ever  received  by  him,  was  embraced 
within  the  limits  of  the  year.  He  was  the  first 
beholder  of  the  landing  at  St.  Louis,  of  the  cel- 
ebrated travelers,  Lewis  and  Clark,  from  their 
three-years'  tour  to  the  Pacific  Ocean,  in  1806. 
In  1816,  Mr.  Hunt  came  to  Maumee  City, 
where,  and  at  Toledo,  he  subsequently  resided. 
At  the  former  place  he  at  once  commenced 
business,  and  for  many  years  was  in  mercantile 
trade,  which  was  largely  with  the  Indians  in 
this  region,  with  whom  his  relations  were  ever 
friendly,  he  in  large  measure  possessing   their 


GeiUuey  Pub  Hj  FhxloM 


QycrTC-^    S. 


PIONEERS. 


705 


confidenceand  regard.  Politically. healwayswas 
a  Democrat,  after  the  organization  of'tliat  jiarty. 
His  first  Presidential  vote  was  cast  for  Hcnrj- 
Claj',  in  1824;  his  next  was  for  General  Jack- 
son, in  1828;  and  for  the  Democratic  candidate 
at  each  subsequent  Presidential  election,  the 
last  one  being  for  S.  J.  Tilden  in  187(i.  He  was 
the  first  Senator  from  this  District  after  the 
organization  of  Lucas  County  (1S35),  then 
serving  two  j'ears,  as  he  also  did  in  the  same 
body  in  1839-41,  where  he  took  prominent  po- 
sition. He  was  a  member  of  the  State  Consti- 
tutional Convention  of  1850-51.  In  1851  he 
was  elected  Treasurer  of  Lucas  County,  serving 
as  such  for  two  jears.  Subsequently  he 
served  for  eight  years  as  Postmaster  at 
Toledo,  and  until  the  incoming  of  Pres- 
ident Lincoln,  in  18G1.  As  might 
have  been  expected  from  his  parentage, 
the  place  of  his  birth  and  his  early  associa- 
tions, Mr.  Hunt  from  childhood  had  an  attach- 
ment for  the  military,  which  was  indulged,  to 
a  limited  extent.  In  1837  he  was  elected  bj'  the 
Legislature  as  Major-General  of  the  Eighteenth 
Division,  Ohio  Militia,  in  which  capacity  he 
did  what  was  then  practicable  for  maintaining 
both  the  morale  and  the  organization  of  that  sys- 
tem, which,  not  long  after,  owing  to  the  popu- 
lar judgment  as  to  its  inutility,  substantially 
ceased  to  be.  Coming  to  the  Maumee  Valley 
immediately  after  the  close  of  the  War  of 
1812-15,  and  among  the  few  who  then  dared  to 
undertake  permanent  residence  here,  and 
spending  over  GO  years  in  the  same,  he  was 
permitted  to  witness  events  and  changes 
known  personally  to  very  few.  His  almost 
constant  connection  with  business  and  public 
afl^'airs,  made  him  specially  familiar  with  what 
concerned  his  fellow-citizens,  in  whose  intei'est 
he  ever  showed  due  regard.  He  resided  at 
Maumee  from  1810  until  1853,  when  he  re- 
moved to  Toledo.  May  29, 1822,  at  Detroit,  he 
was  married  with  Miss  Mary  Sophia  Spencer, 
a  sister  of  the  wife  of  Lewis  Cass,  then  Gov- 
ernor of  Michigan  Territory.  They  had  seven 
children — Mary  Sophia  (late  Mrs.  I).  B.  Smith, 
deceased);  Eliza  Cass  (Mrs.  E.  A.  Brush,  De- 
troit); John  Elliott,  Jr.  (deceased);  Julia 
Ellen  (Mrs.  D.  B.  Smith,  Toledo)  ;  Lewis  Cass 
(deceased);  Isabella  (Mrs.  E.  H.  Hunter, 
Toledo);  and  Virginia  (late  Mrs.  Geo.  Spencer 
Mayo,  of  Louisiana). 

Mrs.  Hunt  died  at  Toledo,  December  25, 
1876.  She  was  born  in  "Western  Virginia,  in 
1796,  her  parents  having  been  from  Connecti- 
cut. Her  eldest  sister  was  married  with  Gen- 
eral Cass,  in  1810,  whom  she  accompanied  to 
Detroit,  remaining  there  until  her  own  mar- 
riage in  1822.  Probablj'  among  all  pioneers 
of  the  Maumee  Valley,  no  one  brought 
higher  degree  of  personal  grace,  than  did  she; 
while,  of  them  all,  none  more  readilj-  or  more 
fully  assimilated  to  the  peculiar  conditions  of 
those  early  times.     She  was  eminently  a  Chris- 


tian, and  her  adajitability  to  circumstances 
was  specially  shown  in  connection  with  her 
religious  life.  Her  father's  family  had  long 
been  identified  with  the  Presbyterian  Church, 
with  which  she  united  while  quite  young. 
Upon  coming  to  Maumee,  there  being  there  no 
Church  of  that  denomination,  she  cast  her  lot 
with  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  and  ever 
after  retained  such  connection,  in  which  she 
was  specially  active  antl  useful.  For  51  years 
she  was  permitted  to  walk  with  the  ])ai-lner  of 
her  choice,  who  followed  her  to  life's  clo.se, 
July  22,  1877.  Both  were  buried  in  Forest 
Cemeterj',  Toledo. 

THE      MAUMEE    VALLEY     MONUMENTAL 
ASSOCIATION. 

July  28,  1885,  was  instituted  a  corporate 
body  with  the  above  title,  whose  purpose,  asset 
forth,  was  "to  acquire,  and  hold  title  to,  to 
preserve,  protect  and  erectand  maintain  .Monu- 
ments upon  the  old  Forts  and  Battle-grounds 
of  the  Maumee  Valley,  and  to  otherwise  dis- 
seminate and  perpetuate  a  knowledge  of  the 
important  historical  facts  and  events  of  the 
Maumee  Vallej-."  The  incorporators  were  D. 
W.  H.  Howard,  of  Fulton  County;  Aslier 
Cook,  of  Wood  County;  and  Wm.  Baker,  R.  B. 
Mitchell,  Samuel  M.  Young,  E.  C.  Lemmon, 
Mavor  Brigham,  Henry  Bennett,  Richard  Mott, 
John  C.  Lee,  Foster  R.  Warren  and  John  R. 
Osborn, of  Lucas  County. 

August  7,  1885,  the  incorporators  met  and 
organized  the  Association  by  the  choice  of 
Messrs.  Cook,  Howard,  Mitciiell,  Foster  and 
Lee  as  Directors,  who  then  chose  Mr.  Howard 
as  President,  Mr.  Cook  as  First  Vice  President, 
General  Lee  as  Secretary,  and  iMr.  Warren  as 
Treasurer. 

August  20,  1885,  the  Board  of  Directors  was 
enlarged  in  numbers  and  constituted  as  fol- 
lows :  Richard  Mott,  S.  M.  Young,  R.  C.  Lem- 
mon, Thomas  Dunlap,  .M.  R.  Waite,  F.  R.  War- 
ren, R.  B.  Mitchell,  Daniel  F.  Cook  and  John 
C.  Lee,  of  Lucas  ;  D.  W.  H.  Howard  and  S.  H. 
Cately,  of  Fulton  County;  J.  Austin  Scott,  of 
Ann  Arbor,  Michigan;  Asher  Cook  and  Joel 
Foote,  of  Wood  County;  and  Peter  Mangus,  of 
Defiance  County. 

August  25,  1885,  new  officers  of  the  Associa- 
tion were  chosen,  as  follows:  President — 
Chief  Justice  M.  R.  Waite;  First  Vice  Presi- 
dent— D.  W.  H.  Howard  ;  Second  Vice  Presi- 
dent— Richard  Mott  ;  Third  Vice  President — 
Asher  Cook  ;  Treasurer — F.  R.  Warren  ;  Secre- 
tary— J.  C.  Lee.  Fxecutive  Committee — 
Messrs.  Howard,  Cook  and  Lee.  At  this  meet- 
ing, the  following  battle-sites  were  chosen  for 
the  Association's  first  action  under  its  charter, 
to  wit:  Fort  Meigs,  Fort  Miami,  Fort  Defi- 
ance, and  the  battlefield  of  Fallen  Timber. 

The  following  officers  were  chosen  August 
18,    1887:     President — Chief   Justice     Waite; 


706 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Vice  Presidents — Messrs.  Lemmon,  Cately  and 
Howard  ;  Secretary— J.  C.  Lee ;  Treasurer— E. 
B.  Mitchell;  Executive  Committee — Messrs. 
Howard,  Cook  and  Lee. 

At  the  instance  of  the  Executive  Committee 
of  this  Association,  a  bill  was  introduced  into 
Congress  providing  for  survej^s  and  estimates 
for  securing  title  to  and  suitably  marking  Forts 
and  Battlefields  and  places  of  interments  of 
Soldiers  in  the  Indian  Wars  and  the  War  of 
1812-15  in  the  Mauraee  Valley.  This  passed 
the  Senate,  and  was  sent  to  the  House  of 
Rej)resentatives,  where  it  was  refei-red  to  the 
approiiriate  Committee,  but  owing  to  the  occu- 
pation of  attention  by  other  matters,  no  report 
thereon  was  made,  and  the  measure  failed  of 
consideration  bj-  that  body.  The  Board  of 
Directors  are  yet  hopeful  of  favorable  action 
by  Congress,  and  of  something  like  just  recog- 
nition of  the  services  and  names  of  the  brave 
men  whose  lives  were  offered  up  in  their 
counti-y's  defense  on  the  fields  named,  with 
those  of  the  heroes  who  fell  in  Perry's  vic- 
torious battle  of  September  10,  1813,  on  Lake 
Erie,  whose  bones  now  rest  at  Put-in  Bay. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  members  of  the 
Association.  The  figures  given  in  connection 
with  the  name  indicate  the  j'ear  in  which  the 
person  came  to  the  Maumee  Valley: 

RESIDENTS   OF     LUCAS   COUNTY. 


M.  R.  Waite,  1838. 
Thomas  Dunlap,   1840. 
D.  B.  Smith,  1836. 
H.  L.  Holloway,  1834. 
Samuel  Wagner. 
David  Howe. 
S.  B.  Worden,  1824. 
J.  W.  Toullerton. 
Stanford  Mettler. 
Perry  Wood. 
S.  M".  Young,  1835. 
Wm.  Baker,  1844. 
Mavor  Brigham,  1835. 
J.  C.  Lee. 

C.  C.  Keyser. 

Sam.  Blanchard,  1834. 
Isaac  Washburn,  1834. 
Coleman  I.  Keeler. 
S.  L.  Collins,  1831. 

D.  A.  Collins,  1837. 
Wm.  Bates,  1832. 
D.  A.  Gunn,  1828. 
*E.  D.  Potter,  1835. 
*Samuel  Jay,  1831. 
Wm.  Clark,  1833. 
John  A.  Conway. 

J.  M.  Hopkins,  1869. 
Wm.   Milton,  1849. 
James  Marston,  1833. 


H.  S.  Walbridge,  1833. 
Richard  Waite. 
R.  H.  Bell,  1847. 
John  Weible. 
Warren  B.  Gunn,  1S20. 
S.  P.  Browning. 
H.  C.  Cotter. 
F.  P.  Masters. 
James  Raymer. 
W.  B.  Millford. 
Maria  Reed,  1815. 
James  INIelvin. 
F.  R.  Warren,  1835. 
James  S.  Hall. 
S.  S.  Ketcham. 
0.  S.  Brumback. 
D.  S.  Applegate. 
David  Byrne,   1836. 
S.  D.  Wilcox,  1852. 
A.  H.  Plant,  1842. 
Joseph  Flvnn,  1828. 
*John  Van  Horn,  1830. 
W.  H.  Williams,  18.34. 
*A.  W.  Haddocks. 
Samuel  Bement,  1835. 
N.  R.  Locke,  1876. 
Geo.  Tanner,  1847. 
A.  W.  Eckhart. 
D.  H.  Commager,  1848. 


J.  B.  Van  Rensselaer,  1837. 

G.  H.  Blaker. 

Oscar  N.  Gunn,  1836. 

Oscar  Fairchild,  1834. 

Daniel  Stager,  1840. 

Wm.  B.  Wai-reu,  1834. 

C.  H.  Noble,  1836. 

Mrs.  Phebe  Ann  Tappan. 

Louis  H.  Pike. 

Declan  Allen. 

John  W.  Kerr. 

*Rev.  E.  C.  Gavitt,  ).s28. 

W.  W.  Farnsworth. 


A.  F.  Hipp. 

N.  P.  Glann. 

Sarah  E.  Gunn,  1837. 

Clark  Auchard. 

Mrs.  H.S.  Commager,  1'83]. 

Wm.  B.  Tappan. 

Doan  Blinn. 

Bradford  Barlow,  1824. 

W.  H.  Whitmore. 

Joseph  G.  Cass,  1832. 

T.  E.  Ford. 

D.  C.  Dewey. 


WOOD    COUNTY. 


Asher  Cook. 
Joel  Foote,  1.S29. 
D.  W.  H.  Dav,  1851. 
L.  Black. 
Geo.  C.  Phelps. 
R.  W.  McMahon. 
J.  B.  Newton. 
G.  W.  Poe. 
A.  W.  Adams. 
J.  H.  Whitehead. 
R.  M.  Donnelly. 
W.  A.  Benschoter. 
T.  C.  Beard. 
M.  F.  Miles. 
R.  W.  Huffman. 
S.  Henderson. 
G.  W.  Hill. 
J.  F.  Stubbs. 


F.  J.  Oblinger. 
John  Eberly,  1848. 
T.  J.  Sterling,  18.30. 
James  O.  Troup. 
M.  P.  Brewer. 
Geo.  Knaup. 
Geo.  M.  Brown. 
B.  L.  Abbott. 
J.  V.  Culver. 
J.  H.  Mitchell. 
Paul  J.  Brown. 

E.  W.  Poe. 

F.  H.  Thomp.son. 
Frank  M.  Young. 
H.  C.  Uhlman. 
H,  G.  Strausser. 
Edwin  Tuller. 


FULTON   COUNTY. 


D.  W.  H.  Howard,  1821. 

E.  L.  Waltz. 

L.  W.  Taft,  1847. 
Dr.  W.  A.  Scott,  1835. 
J.  B.  Fashbaugh,  1844. 
S.  S.  Carter,  1840. 
M.  Carr,  1846. 
W.  J.  Lutz,  1865. 
A.  B.  Robinson,  1861. 
R.  Halton,  1859. 
S.  II.  Cately,  1836. 
Ozias  Merrill. 
Adam  Andre. 
S.  C.  Biddle. 
James  W.  Howard. 


A.  L.  Sargent. 
Elijah  Herrick,  1822. 
W.  R.  Huntington. 
W.  J.  Currv. 
Joseph  H.  Miller,  1840. 
James  T.  Stall,  1846. 
Wells  Watkins,  1837. 

E.  Gingery,  1839. 

F.  Briggs,  1855. 

0.  L.  Bennett,  1847. 
John  P.  Holt,  1844. 
0.  B.  Verity. 
Elliott   Bayes. 
David  Ayres. 


III.SCELLANEOUS. 

J.  Austin  Scott,  1833,  Perrysburg. 
Peter  Mangus,  Defiance,  Ohio. 
W.  R.  Bowers,  Napoleon,  Ohio, 
.lohn  Wilson,  Henry  County. 
Huldah  H.  Sheffield,  Maumee  Valley. 
Orrin  Thompson,  1839,  Henry  County. 
D.  H.  Hancock,  1834,  Henry  County. 
M.  R.  Stage,  Knightstown,  Indiana. 
Chas.  F.  Muhler,  Fort  Wayne,  Indiana. 
Allen  H.  Dougall,  Fort  Wayne,  Indiana. 
M.  M.  Boothman,  Brvan,  Ohio. 
A.  P.  Birchfield,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

*  Honorary  Members. 


I 

I 


PART    XI. 

SOIL    PRODUCTS. 


CHAPTER    I. 


FKUIT    CULTURE. 


AT  a  very  early  date  in  its  bistory,  North- 
western Ohio  occupied  a  prominent  poKi- 
tion  in  the  growth  of  the  hirger  kinds  of  fruit. 
This  was  specially  true  as  to  Apples  and  Pears. 
At  the  fairs  of  the  State  Agricultural  Society 
no  section  bore  away  as  large  a  portion  of  pre- 
miums, for  either  quality  or  variety  of  fruit. 
This  state  of  things  was  due  to  two  facts — Ist, 
the  peculiar  advantages  of  soil  and  climate  here 
possessed  ;  and,  2d,  to  the  exceptional  interest 
and  attention  given  to  that  product  by  many 
of  the  early  settlers.  This  was  specially  the 
casein  and  about  both  Maumee  City  and  Perr^-s- 
burg,  and  between  tiiose  places  and  Toledo, 
each  side  of  the  l\iver  having  at  early  dates 
well  cultivated  orchards,  judiciously  stocked 
from  carefully  trained  Nurseries. 

From  the  tir.-it  movements  in  the  direction  of 
Horticulture  in  the  Maumee  Valley,  J.  Austin 
Scott,  Esq.,  was  speciall}'  prominent,  Tie 
thinks  tliat  he  was  the  first  one  in  the  Valley 
to  cultivate  fruit  trees,  and  in  this  be  is  prob- 
abij'  correct.  The  manner  in  which  he  gave 
the  enterprise  a  start,  is  worthy  of  mention. 
It  was  about  1838.  Mr.  Scott  then  lived  near 
old  Fort  Miami.  The  country  at  that  time  was 
without  j'oung  trees  for  transplanting,  and 
they  had  to  be  started  from  the  seeds,  which 
also  were  scarce.  To  supply  himself  with 
these,  Mr.  Seott  resorted  to  the  Cider-Mill  of 
Aurora  Spafford,  below  and  near  Fort  Meigs, 
wliere  he  obtained  pomace,  from  whicli,  bj' 
washing,  he  obtained  the  seeds  of  Apples. 
These  he  sowed,  broad-cast,  and  thus  secured 
seedlings,  which  he  replanted  in  rows.  Then, 
as  opportunity  offered,  he  obtained  scions  of 
the  choicest  varieties  of  Apples,  and  budded  or 
grafted  them  himself  These  he  gathered  fi'om 
several  different  States. 

From  a  Nursery  thus  obtained,  Mr.  Scott 
planted  an  orchard  of  50  acres  on  his  farm  at 
Fort  Miami,  which  was  believed  to  be  the  most 
complete  of  any  then  in  Ohio.  From  this 
orchard,  at  one  time,  he  took  to  the  Ohio  State 
Fair,  no  less  than  170  different  varieties  of 
Apples — all  cori-ectly  labeled — for  which  he 
obtained  the  first  premium,  as  he  frequently  did 
for  eight  or  ten  years  thereaftei'.  His  brother, 
George  W.  Scott,  assisted  in  the  care  and  cul- 
ture of  the  Nurserj\  It  is  doubted,  if  any- 
other  horticulturist  in  the  country,  by  his  own 
efforts,  and  with  such  inadequate  facilities,  has 
ever  attained  the  success  shown  in  Mr.  Scott's 
case.  That  gentleman  took  a  leading  part  in 
the    organization    of    the    tirst   Horticultural 


Society  in  this  section,  was  its  fii-st  President, 
and  continued  in  its  nianagement  while  it  ex- 
isted. He  also  was  a  Vice  President  of  the 
Ohio  Poniological  Society,  and  procured  a 
session  of  the  same  at  Toledo,  where  its  mem- 
bers were  entertained  by  the  citizens.  At  the 
Ohio  State  Fair  at  Cleveland,  September,  IHCui, 
large  showings  were  made  of  fruits  from  the 
State  of  New  York,  but  Mr.  Scott  exceeded 
them  all  in  variety  and  ([ualitj-. 

The  first  exclusively  Nursery  business  on  tiie 
River,  seems  to  have  been  that  established  in 
the  Spring  of  1845,  by  Abner  Morse,  of  Onon- 
daga Hollow,  New  York,  and  .Tames  ami  Asa 
W.  Maddocks,  of  Toledo,  under  the  firm  name 
of  Maddocks  li' Sou.  The  locality  selected  for 
the  purpose,  was  what  is  now  known  as  (luard 
Island — then  as  Morse  Island— on  the  Bay  and 
in  Erie  Township,  Monroe  County,  Michigan. 
The  Island  was  the  property  ot  Mr.  Morse, 
who  contributed  the  use  of  the  same  to  the 
firm,  on  certain  conditions,  for  the  term  of  10 
years  from  May  1,  1845,  for  the  purpose  of 
establishing  and  carrying  on  the  business  of 
raising  for  sale  fruit  and  ornamental  trees, 
shrubbery,  vegetables  and  plants ;  such  busi- 
ness to  be  uniler  the  management  and  control 
of  the  Messrs.  Maddocks.  Among  other  pi-o- 
visions  of  the  contract,  was  one,  that  in  case 
Mr.  Morse  "  should  succeed  in  ])urchasing  a 
house  at  Manhattan,"  then  his  partners  should 
"  place  the  same  on  Scows  and  remove  and 
place  it  upon  the  Island,"  the  latter  parties  being 
at  liberty  to  have  the  choice  of  "  a  stove  or  a 
flue  chimney  "  in  the  house  when  so  placed. 
The  right  to  fish  on  the  Island  was  reserved  to 
Mr.  Morse,  so  that  he  did  not  tliereb}'  interfere 
With  the  Nursery.  This  arrangement  continued 
until  1847,  when,  the  enterprise  not  proving  a 
success,  such  of  the  stock  as  could  be  removed 
was  taken  to  the  lands  of  Fred.  Prentice,  on 
the  East  side  of  the  Maumee  Kiver,  and  nearly 
opposite  the  ])resent  Hound-House  of  the  Wa- 
bash Kailroad.  In  1S52,  A.  W.  Maddocks,  C.  E. 
Perigo  and  Fred.  Prentice  wt-rcthe  proi)rietors, 
and  continued  the  business  until  1854,  when 
the  Toledo  Nursery  Association  succeeded  to 
it — that  corporation  comprising  the  three  ]>ar- 
ties  named,  together  with  Matt.  .Tohnsou,  Thos. 
M.  Cooley,  .Tohn  Bates  and  Henry  Bennett.  In 
1857,  this  Association  was  broken  up,  and 
largely  with  its  stock,  several  other  Nurseries 
were  started,  there  then  being  no  less  than  five 
establishments  of  that  kind  within  the  present 
limits  ot  Toledo,  to  wit:   The   Great    Western 


[709] 


710 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Nursery,  of  Fred.  Prentice ;  and  the  Ohio,  of 
H.  A.  Ensign  and  H.  G.  Ford,  East  side  the 
Eiver ;  and  the  Hickory  Grove,  of  Israel  Hall, 
Upper  Broadway,  now  Fifth  Ward  ;  the  Hum- 
boldt, of  Peter  and  Carl  Lenk,  at  Tremaines- 
ville  (grounds  now  occupied  by  Lenk  Wine 
Company);  and  the  Toledo,  of  A.  Fahnestock 
&  Sons,  Bancroft  Street.  In  1800,  Mr.  George 
Baker  became  joint  owner  with  A.  Fahnestock, 
the  firm  being  Fahnestock  &  Baker.  Two  years 
later,  Mr.  Baker  became  sole  proprietor,  and  con- 
tinued the  business  until  1880,  meantime  hav- 
ing a  trade  never  exceeded  in  extent  by  that 
of  any  other  establishment  at  this  point. 

A  chief  embarrassnient  to  the  Nursery  trade 
here  seems  to  have  been  found  in  the  great 
fertility  of  the  soil,  which  produced  excessive 
growth  in  the  yearling  trees,  whose  immature 
wood  was  unable  to  withstand  the  Winter's 
frost,  as  do  young  trees  even  in  more  severe 
seasons  when  grown  less  rapidly  in  soil  less 
fertile.  The  result  was,  that  the  business 
gradually  yielded  to  the  competition  of  more 
favorable  conditions,  and  finally  ceased  wholl}'. 

Fruit  culture  has  been  materially  promoted 
in  this  County  and  region  by  associated  action 
of  those  concerned  and  interested  in  its  success- 
ful development.  A  Horticultural  Society  was 
organized  at  a  comparativelj-  early  day.  The 
earliest  record  at  hand,  consists  of  a  report  of 
an  exhibition  by  the  Toledo  Horticultural  So- 
ciet3',  held  at  Hunker's  lee  Cream  Saloon,  June 
14,  1852,  on  which  occasion  there  was  a  dis- 
play of  early  fruits,  with  some  vegetables. 
Among  the  exhibitors  of  Cherries  were  the 
following  : 

Freil.  Bissell,  T.  M.  Cooley,  Maddocks,  Perigo  & 
Prentice,  H.  Ruetrick,  Matt.  Johnson,  Mrs.  Dr.  Ed- 
ward Bliss,  and  Mrs.  Decius  Wadsworth.  C.  D. 
Woodruff  had  Gooseberries;  Henry  Bennett,  Rad- 
ishes ;  Gen.  J.  W.  Brown,  Cabbage,  Lettuce  and  a 
vine  of  Warwick  Peas  six  feet  in  length.  Flowers 
were  exhibited  by  Mesdames  Matt.  Johnson,  J.  W. 
Scott,  Thomas  Dunlap,  C.  E.  Perigo,  Henry  Bennett 
and  Ezra  Bliss;  by  Ezra  Bliss;  by  Miss  M.  Young; 
and  by  Hansen  &  Co.,  and  .\laddocks,  Perigo  &  Pren- 
tice, the  latter  also  .showing  43  varieties  of  hybrid  per- 
petual Moss  and  Bourbon  Roses,  with  other  species  of 
flowers  and  plants.  Mr.  Machen  had  a  large  variety 
of  paintings  from  life  of  native  birds  and  animals,  in- 
cluding 175  pieces,  mo.stly  of  birds  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  Toledo.  Weeks  &  Dunshee  exhibited 
samples  of  daguerreotypes  from  their  Gallery  in  To- 
ledo. 

The  officers  of  the  vSociety,  for  1853,  were  as 
follows — President,  Jessup  W.  Scott ;  Vice 
President,  Dr.  Ezra  Bliss;  Secretary,  C.  E. 
Perigo  ;  Treasurer,  Thomas  Dunlap  ;  Execu- 
tive Board,  M.  Johnson,  C.  W.  Hill  and  J.  M. 
Whitney. 

An  exhibition  by  this  Society  was  held  June 
28,  1854.  At  that  time  its  officers  and  commit- 
tees were  as  follows  : 

President— Fred.  Bissell.  Vice  President— Henry 
Bennett.  Secretary— C.  E.  Perigo.  Treasurer — A. 
D.  Pelton.    Executive  Committee— William  Baker, 


Thomas  M.  Cooley,  D.  Wadsworth.  Committee  on 
Shade  Trees — Matt.  Johnson  (Chairman),  C.  W.  Hill, 
J.  W.  Kelsey,  J.  W.  Scott,  W.  H.  Peabody.  On  Fruits 
— T.  M.  Cooley,  Mrs.  A.  C.  Harris,  Mrs.  P.  Wads- 
worth, C.  E.  Perigo,  G.  W.  Scott,  Darwin  E.  Gardner. 
On  Vegetables — Gen.  J.  W.  Brown,  Mrs.  Henry  Ben- 
nett, Mrs.  S.  L.  Collins,  Charles  Williams,  H.  Rue- 
trick.   On  Roses — Wm.  Baker,  Mrs.  M.  Johnson,  Mrs. 

E.  Bliss,  Mrs.  C.  E.  Perigo,  Miss  Mary  Mott.  On  Cut 
Flowers — Bernard  Arnoldt,  Mrs.  M.  R.  Waite,  Mrs. 
Thomas  Dunlap,  Miss  Elizabeth  Bissell,  Mrs.  Nehe- 
miah  Allen.  On  Greenhouse  Plants — F.  Hansen, 
Mrs.  Leverett  Bi.ssell,  Mr.  Brand,  Truman  C.  Everts. 
On  Miscellaneous  Articles — Mrs.  Joseph  R.  Williams, 
Mrs.  John  Fitch,  Mrs.  H.  S.  Walbridge,  Mrs.  W.  W. 
Williams,  Mrs.  E.  F.  Plait. 

At  an  annual  meeting  of  this  Societj-,  held 
February  4,  1861,  the  following  officers  were 
cho.sen  : 

President,  J.  Austin  Scott ;  Vice-President,  Peter 
H.  Shaw  ;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  James  H.  Camp- 
bell ;  Board  of  Managers,  Israel  Hall,  Chas.  Kent, 
Peter  Lenk  and  Dr.  W.  W.  Jones. 

Geo.  Powers,  J.  W.  Ross  and  W.  F.  Pomeroy, 
of  Perrysburg,  were  elected  honorarj'  members. 
Mr.  Scott  exhibited  34  kinds  of  apples  from  his 
orchard  at  Miami,  one  of  which  (a  Russet)  was 
named  "  Fort  Miami,"  having  originated  from 
suckers  taken  by  Judge  Aurora  Spafford  from 
old  Fort  Miami. 

I.f62.  President,  J.  Austin  Scott ;  Vice-President, 
Peter  H.  Shaw;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  A.  A. 
Fahnestock  ;    Directors,   Israel  Hall,   H.  T.  Dewey, 

F.  L.  Nichols,  A.  Fahnestock,  Henry  Plessner,  D.  E. 
Gardner,  Geo.  Baker. 

1863.  President,  A.  Fahnestock  ;  Vice-President, 
Israel  Hall ;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Henry  Pless- 
ner ;  Directors,  Chas.  Kent,  James  M.  Comstock,  F. 
L.  Nichols,  O.  C.  Wilson,  A.  A.  Fahnestock,  J.  Austin 
Scott,  P.  H.  Shaw. 

GRAPE    aROWINU. 

The  adaptability  of  this  region,  in  soil  and 
climate,  for  the  growth  of  Grapes,  though 
known,  was  not  appreciated  for  many  years 
after  settlement.  To  greater  or  less  extent, 
that  fruit  was  cultivated  ;  but  not  as  generally 
as  the  conditions  justified.  The  importance  of 
the  matter  was  suggested  by  the  success  at- 
tending the  culture  of  Grapes  on  the  neigh- 
boring Islands.  The  first  vines  set  for  cultiva- 
tion there  were  by  Charles  Carpenter  on  Kel- 
ley's  Island,  in  1843.  The  crop  increased  very 
slowly  for  15  years,  there  having  been  in  1858 
only  16  acres  of  vines.  In  1860  there  were  62 
acres  in  bearing,  and  a  total  of  230+  acres  set. 
These  were  owned  by  the  following  named 
persons : 

Addison  Kelley,  23J  acres  ;  Charles  Carpenter, 
111;  George  Kelley,  llf  ;  Louis  Beattie,  10^;  Frank 
and  Norman  Kelley,  9  ;  Charles  Kelley,  8.^  ;  Augustus 
Shideler,  8J ;  Henrv  Harris,  "i  ;  Charles  B.  Wells,  8  ; 
Fred  Shippel,  6f  ;  Edward  Ward,  6J  ;  Thos.  Roach, 
6i  ;  James  Hamilton.  6J  ;  J.  E.  Woodruff  &  Sons, 
6^ ;  Mrs.  Adeline  Estes,  6 ;  M.  Datus  Kelley,  5J  ;  Eras- 
tus  Huntington,  5J  ;  Herman  Koster,  5  ;  Henry  Lange, 
ii ;  Ohlmaker  &  Becker,  4i ;   Barna  McGettigen,  4^  ; 


f*3 


SOIL  PRODUCTS. 


711 


•Gi'o.  V.  Huntington,  3J;  Simon  Huntington,  3i;  Capt. 
Geo.  W.  Orr,  :! ;  S.  A.  Davis,:!;  A.J.  Eldivd,  3;  Oscar 
Doan,  ^i:  estate  of  I'at.  Martin.  L'iJ ;  Jos.  laneoln,  1'^  ; 
Andrew  Cameron,  2.^  ;  K.  V.  True,  -i:  Jacob  Batclie, 
L'i;  Ilugli  Cattenaiigli,  2;  Michael  Mvers,  2;  A. 
Mantev,  2 ;  B.  J.  Lerrev,  2 ;  Mi'.cliell  Hamilton,  2; 
TIkls.  Quinn.  3;  O.  D.  Warden,  2;  Datus  Keller,  U  ; 
Adam  Shanl,  H;  John  Kault,  U  ;  John  Martin  li; 
W.  S.  Webb,  U;  John  Ilameline.  Ij;  Fred,  (iehn- 
kens,  Ij  ;  .lolin  Hause,  Ij;  Joseph  .'^hieblv,  1  ;  John 
Monighan.  1  :  S.  .S.  Uwelle,  U  :  A-  P-  I'uyring,  1  ; 
Jiihn  Baumlar,  1  ;  Jacob  Lawton,  1  ;  A.  S.  Kelley,  j  ; 
John  Boos,  J  ;  Anton  Rooch,  j  ;  John  Houser,  i. 
Total  2:)(1.'.  acres,  of  which  (i9{  acres  were  set  in  18.)!l, 
and  mi  in  IsiiO. 

Tlio  cost  of  tittinti;  the  ground,  setting  the 
plants,  trellising  and  cultivating  until  tiie 
vine.s  were  in  bearing,  was  then  S300  per 
acre.  The  maximum  of  returns  to  that  time, 
was  $1,100  per  acre  for  a  year.  The  average 
yield  was  about  $600.  In  1859  Grapes  sold  at 
the  vineyard  at  seven  cents  per  pound,  and  the 
juice  at  90  cents  to  SI. 00  per  gallon.  Unim- 
proved land  on  the  Island  was  then  worth  $100 
to  $200  per  acre. 

There  were  in  bearing  on  Put-in  Bay  Islands, 
in  1802,  2(5^  acres  of  Grapes,  belonging  to  F.J. 
Smith,  Warren  Smith,  Louis  Harius,  Reveri 
St.  John,  David  Hammond,  Louis  Dethenrider, 
Conrad  Brookner,  John  W.  Holland,  Lucas 
Myer,  M.  Burggroff,  S.  Miller,  C.  Eue,  Jose]ih 
Miller,  John  Lentz,  A.  Wochlo,  C.  Colwell,  P. 
Vroomau. 

There  were  set  out  there  in  1862,  7-li  acres, 
ofwhich  17  acres  were  by  J.  W.  Gray,  of  Cleve- 
land, 15  by  L.  Anthony,  6  by  Dr.  S.  S.  Lun- 
gren,  of  Toledo,  4  by  Wm.  Rieberg,  .3  by  J.  S. 
Palmer,  2  by  Simon  Fox;  and  lesser  amounts 
bj'  Geo.  Bigford.  Kobevt  Fox,  T.  Launster, 
Christ.  Beck,  G.  W.  Leutz,  Geo.  Fox,  D.  Mur- 
ray, John  Stone,  Milan  Hollev,  W.  Dodge  and 
V.'Doller. 

The  extent  to  which  Grape  production  and 
Wine  manufacture  have  been  prosecuted  on 
these  Islands,  is  shown  by  the  following  statis- 
tics for  1884,  '85  and  '86,  as  returned  by  Town- 
ship Assessor,  to  wit  : 

kelley's  island. 

1884  1885  1886 

Acres  planted  in 111  -iti  3314 

To'al  .ici-es  in  Vineyard '.187  889  l,i);58^ 

Pounds  of  Grapes  gathered 2,84fl,lC0  1,313,-100  4,::i8.00u 

Gallons  of  wine  pressed 444,300  Ij4,i)00  3SK,r>00 

ISLANDS  IN  PUT-IN  BAY  TOWNSHIP. 

1884  1SS5  18F0 

Acres  in  bearing l.WU  1,240  1,34:! 

Pounds  Grapes  gathered 930,000  2,5(10,940  5,411,.>41 

Wine  pressed  (gallons) iO,000  800,003  468,125 

The  price  of  grapes  was  variable  during 
these  three  years.  Its  range  probably  averaged 
from  3i  to  4  cents  per  pound,  though  at  times 
much  below  these  figures.  The  common  belief 
now  is,  that  Grape  production  on  the  Islands 
has  probably  passed  its  highest  success  as  a 
business. 


J.  AUSTIN  SCOTT.  Young  Oiiio  was  sit- 
uated at  a  i>oint  of  confluence  of  the  tides  of 
migration.  Her  early  pojiuhition  in  one  cur- 
rent came  from  New  Fngland  and  New  York  ; 
in  another,  from  Pennsylvania  ;  and  in  a  third, 
from  N'ifLnnia  and  Kentucky.  The  result  has 
been  a  mingling  of  fiirces  and  a  conflict  of  ideas. 
Political  parlies,  for  instance,  have  been  pretty 
evenly  malclu'd  in  numbers:  and  as  a  conse- 
qiionco,  strong  men  neccssaril}-  have  come  for- 
ward on  both  sides  to  contend  for  the  mastei-y, 
in  both  State  and  National  affairs.  Hut  the 
effect  of  this  stir  and  life,  is  also  seen  in  the 
men  who,  not  .seeking  public  ]jlace,  have  been 
content  to  build  up  the  strength  and  character 
of  the  various  communities  where  they  lived  in 
the  State  of  their  choice.  The  latter  are  no 
less  worthy  types  of  much  that  is  best  in  the 
State.  Such  a  representative  man  is  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch.  J.  Austin  Scott,  the  son  of 
Jere.  and  Amelia  Wakeman  Scott,  was  born 
April  13,  1806,  at  Ridgefield,  Fairfield  County, 
Connecticut,  where  his  ancestors  hail  lived  for 
three  generations.  Both  of  hisgrandrathei-.s — 
David  Scott  and  Jessup  Wakeman  — were  ac- 
tive Patriots  in  the  Revolutionaiy  War.  His 
father  was  too  young  to  serve;  but  four  uncles 
were  Patriot  Soldiers.  Austin  was  sent  to  the 
District  School  at  an  eai-lj'  age;  after  leaving 
which,  he  went  to  a  School  kept  by  a  graduate 
of  Yale,  where  he  acquired  a  good  knowledge 
of  mathematics.  Coming  into30ung  manhood, 
he  taught  the  School  of  the  District  in  Winter, 
and  worked  on  his  lather's  farm  in  Summer, 
and  afterwards  taught  the  Village  School  in  the 
Town  of  Ridgefield.  He  next  became  clerk  of  a 
countiy  store-keeper,  and  had  pretty  much  the 
entire  charge  of  store.  Post  Office  and  the  com- 
pounding of  prescriptions.  Those  several  duties 
were  too  confining,  and  in  May  of  1833,  he  came 
West  on  a  visit  to  Perrysburg,  where  his 
brother,  Jessup  W.,  had  recently  settled.  The 
next  year  Mr.  Scott  purchased  the  Miami  of 
the  Lake,  a  newspaper  then  just  started  at  Per- 
rysburg, and  the  first  one  jmblished  in  the 
Maumee  Vallej".  He  soon  .sold  one  part  of  this 
property  to  James  H.  McBride,  and  another 
part  to  Henry  Reed,  Jr.,  of  Maumee  City.  The 
paper  was  published  a  few  mouths  by  Scott, 
McBride  &  Reed,  and  was  then  sold  to  Mr. 
McBride.  In  the  Summer  of  the  same  year,  tiie 
First  Presbyterian  Church  of  Perrysburg  was 
formed,  of  which  Mr.  Scott  was  one  of  the  nine 
original  members.  The  next  year  (1835),  he 
shared  in  the  perils  of  the  "  Toledo  War,"  by 
acce])ting  a  Captain's  commission  from  Gover- 
nor Lucas.  Ilavinjj  been  made  the  agent  of 
the  Miami  and  H igbj' Land  Companies, Mr.Scott 
removed  to  Miami,  across  the  River  from  Per- 
rysburg, where  the  "  hard  times  "  of  1837  found 
him  building  a  Steamboat,  the  Chesapeake, 
which  cost  when  completed,  $68,000.  It  was 
built  on  his  farm  near  Fort  Miami.  From  this 
enterprise  he  was  just  able  to  escape   without 


ri2 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


financial  failure,  and  at  onec  set  to  work 
witii  his  brotluT  (ieorgc,  to  clear  the  land  for  a 
faiMu  (on  tract  578,  Private  Grants).  Together 
the^'  cleared  150  acres.  Mr.  Scott  ])lanlcd  one- 
third  ot  this  with  trees — A])ple,  Peach,  Pear, 
and  (Quince  — and  soon  had  one  of  the  linest  or- 
chards in  the  State,  and  it  may  lie  stated  in  this 
connection,  that  not  a  year  has  passed  since  his 
boyhood,  in  which  he  did  not  plant  trees.  For 
the  next  20  j'ears.  though  owning  and  conduct- 
ing a  Warehouse  business  at  Miami,  Mr.  Scott 
found  his  deliglit,  and  finally  his  chief  occupa- 
tion, in  the  cultivation  of  fruit.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  first  Maumee  City  Council,  in 
which  capacity  he  served  for  10  years;  12 
yeai's  of  which  time  he  was  the  President.  He 
was  also  President  ol  the  Maumee  City  School 
Board  for  a  number  of  years. 

In  order  to  give  his  ciiildren  the  ailvantages 
of  good  Schools,  Mr.  Scott  removed  to  Toledo 
in  1859.  where  he  had  invested  somewhat  in 
real  estate.  Soon  after  he  settled  in  that  City, 
he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Board  ot  Edu- 
cation, where  he  served  for  several  terms,  and 
witii  Charles  \V.  Hill,  Matthew  Shoemaker,  H. 
J.  Hayes,  James  Myers,  E.  D.  Potter,  J.  R.  Os- 
born  and  others,  aided  largelj"  in  making  tlie 
Public  Scliools  the  pride  of  the  City. 

After  a  life  of  34  j-ears  in  the  Maumee  Valley, 
Mr.  Seott,  on  account  of  the  ill  health  of  his 
wife,  removed  to  Ann  Arbor.  Michigan,  in 
18GS,  and  occupied  the  beautiful  residence 
where  he  has  continued  to  live  for  20  j-cars. 
The  same  ijublic  spirit  which  characterized  his 
early  and  middle  life,  has  been  shown  in  his 
advancing  years.  As  President  of  the  Ceme- 
tery Company,  and  of  the  Horticultural  Society 
in  Ann  Arbor,  and  as  Director  in  a  Bank  and 
a  Manufacturing  Company,  and  in  other  places 
of  trust,  he  has  richly  deserved  the  confidence 
and  respect  universally  given  him.  He  con- 
tinues to  take  the  liveliest  interest  in  Toledo 
and  its  welfare. 

Sturdy  independence,  .stei-ling  integritj',  and 
special  activity  in  connection  with  the  Church, 
characterizes  the  life  of  Mr.  Seott.  For  more 
than  40  years  he  has  held  oflicial  positions  in 
the  different  Churches  with  which  he  has  been 
connected  ;  and  for  nearly  30  years  (in  Toledo 
and  Ann  Arbor)  that  of  JDeacon. 

Mr.  Scott  has  been  twice  married.  His  first 
wife  was  Ann  A.  Crocker,  ol  Connecticut,  who 
died  in  1840.  In  1847  he  was  married  to  Miss 
Sarah  S.  Eanney,  of  Ea.st  Granville,  Massachu. 
setts,  who  died  in  1883.  No  children  of  the 
finst  marriage  survive.  Of  the  second,  Mr. 
Scott's  children  are  Austin.  Professor  of  His- 
tory in  Putger's  College,  New  Jersey;  Evart 
II.,  a  successful  Fruit  Grower  in  Ann  Arbor  ; 
and  Mary  H.  and  Eanney  C.  Annie  Elizabeth 
(a  daughter  of  much  promise)  died  at  Toledo 
at  the  age  of  12  j-ears. 


ISRAEL  HALL,  although  no  longer  a  resi- 
dent <il  Ohio,  was  jirominently  identified  with 
the  earl^-  gro\\th  of  Toledo,  in  which  City  he- 
resided  for  many  years.  He  was  born  in  Ver- 
mont, of  (Quaker  parentage.  In  1844  he  was 
married  with  Olivia,  daughter  of  Hon.  Otis 
Bigelow,  of  Baldwinsville.  New  York.  Mr. 
Hall  became  a  resident  ot  Syracuse  immedi- 
ately after  his  marriage,  and  engaged  in  the 
Hartiware  and  Iron  business  there.  Having 
purchased  considerable  property  in  Toledo, 
which  he  found  it  impracticable  to  dispose  of, 
he  became  a  resident  of  that  City  in  1857,  and 
for  many  years  was  known  as  one  of  Ohio's 
leading  Nurserymen.  His  Broadway  property, 
then  known  as  the  '•  Hickory  Grove  Nurseries," 
has  now  become  an  important  Pailroad  cen- 
ter Subsequently,  he  platted  and  sold  the 
Camp  (Ground  property,  now  called  Cottage 
Park.  He  also  jilatted  and  sold  the  fiirm  adjoin- 
ing the  present  site  of  the  Miiburn  Wagon 
Works.  He  was  one  of  the  original  owners  of 
the  Boodj-  House,  Toledo.  Although  now  74 
years  of  age,  he  has  recently  completed  the 
block  known  as  the  Toledo  Law  Building,  for 
which  he  was  his  own  architect,  and  which, for 
convenience,  is  unsurpassed  in  the  City.  In 
1870  he  removed,  for  educational  purposes,  to 
Ann  Arbor,  Michigan,  where  he  now  resides, 
although  retainingpi'opei-ty  interestsin  Toledo. 

FRKDBRICK  PRENTICE  was  born  in  Port 
Lawrence,  December  22,  1822,  in  the  first 
frame  house  erected  in  what  is  now  Toledo.  It 
stood  within  what  are  now  (old  numbers)  33, 
35.  37  and  39  Summit  Street.  His  father, 
Joseph  Prentice,  with  his  family,  came  from 
Brooklyn,  New  York,  in  1814,  and  first  settled 
in  Ashtabula  County.  Ohio,  whence  he  soon 
came,  b}-  sledges  on  the  ice,  to  the  Maumee. 
LT]ion  the  commencement  of  operations  by  the 
Cincinnati  ])arties,for  starting  a  Town  here,  in 
1817,  Ml'.  Prentice  was  employed  by  tliem,  and 
erected  the  building  already  referred  to  and  the 
old  Warehouse  shown  on  page  4ti(3.  It  is  said 
that  the  name  Port  Lawrence  was  given  that 
Town,  at  his  suggestion.  Frederick  is  believ- 
ed to  have  been  the  first  «  hite  child  born  in 
Port  Lawrence.  About  1825  tiie  family  re- 
moved to  the  East  side  o'the  River,  where  the 
lather  died  Maj-  G,  1845,  aged  (i4  years.  The 
widow  (Eleanoi-)  survived  him  about  10  years. 
The  son's  carlv  advantages  were  slim,  indeed. 
With  no  Schools  nearer  than  Fort  Wayne  or 
the  River  Raisin,  his  educational  privileges 
were  meagei'  enough.  When  he  was  15  years 
old,  the  father  became  helpless, throwing  the  care 
of  the  family  largely  on  Frederick,  with  very 
limited  means  for  such  serious  responsibility. 
Through  intimate  relations  with  the  Indians, 
be  acquired  a  knowledge  of  their  tongue,  and 
became     interpreter    for     Indian    agents   and 


U^J^ZZxX  /^^^ 


SOIL  PRODUCTS. 


ri3 


tnuievs,  liy  wliicli  nu'aiis,  and  atlcnticui  tn  luiiit- 
iiig  ami  tishiiiy:,  lie  was  enabled  to  maintain  the 
t'aniily  in  comiiarative  eomtort — iiieantinie 
irreatly  aided  b^'  an  industrious,  intelliiionl. 
and  iinulenl  niotlier.  Jlis  best  liiintint;  i;i-(nind 
was  within  wiiat  is  no^v  liie  l*'iflii  Ward,  the 
deer  being  most  abundant  where  now  stands 
the  Oliver  House.  Southea.st  corner  of  Uroad- 
way  and  Ottawa  Street.  At  b"<  Frederick 
engaged  in  iurin,shing  the  Town  and  Steam- 
boat.s  with  wood,  and  al.so  in  tiie  supply  of 
ship-timber  for  New  York.  At  length  he  be- 
gan to  deal  in  wild  lands,  buying  in  large 
quantities  and  selling  to  .settlers,  in  which  he 
wassuccessful.  In  1847,  a  portion  of  his  lands  on 
the  Ea.st  side  of  the  I^iver  wei-e  devoted  to  a 
Xursery,  in  which  A.  W.  Maddock.s  and  C.  E. 
Perigo  were  associated  with  him.  The  estab- 
lisliment  was  an  important  advance  in  anj-- 
thing  of  the  kind  then  known  in  this  region. 
He  continued  in  that  business  ior  several 
years.  About  1857  he  became  interested  in 
Lake  Superior  projierty  at  what  is  now  Ash- 
land. At  the  very  outset  of  the  Oil  (Petroleum) 
movement,  JEr.  Prentice  took  an  active  part  in 
the  same.  The  financial  collapse  of  1857 
proving  too  much  for  him,  he  was  com- 
pelled to  close  up  his  business.  While  casting 
about  for  other  engagements,  his  attention  was 
accidently  called  to  the  then  recent  success  of 
Col.  Drake,  in  lioring  for  oil  near  Titusville, 
Penn.,  by  which  tiO  liarrels  of  oil  a  day  was  pro- 
duced, then  worth  81.00  per  gallon.  The  story 
was  generally  discredited,  as  absurd,  but  Mr. 
Prentice  visited  that  locality,  for  investiga- 
tion. He  there  soon  found  ])roof  of  the  cor- 
rectness of  the  report.     Deciding  to  begin  o])- 


orations  on  his  own  accounl,  he  emjiloyed  an 
old  salt-well  borer,  who  had  a  "  ilivining-rod,'' 
by  which  reliable  indications  of  ihc  jircsenco 
of  water  had  been  given,  ami  which,  as  the 
owner  believed,  would  serveeiiually  in  theca.se 
of  oil.  Proceeding  to  Franklin,  20  miles  from 
Titusville,  he  there  found  that  a  man  named 
Evans  had  that  day  "  sti-uek  oil,''  and  he  and 
his  daughters  were  found  bu.s3'  in  dijiping  oil 
from  the  well,  each  two-gallon  bucket  counting 
$2.0(1  to  him.  .Mr.  Prentice  i)ro])osed  to  buy 
Evans's  well  for  §40,000,  but  the  owner  would 
not  sell  as  he  could  "  dip  that  amount  out  of 
his  well  in  a  month.''  Wells  continued  to  be 
bored,  and  to  such  extent  that  in  a  short  time, 
crude  oil  was  sold  at  eight  cents  per  barrel,  in- 
stead of  81.00  ]ier  gallon.  Suffice  it  here  to 
state,  that  Mr.  J'rentice  .soon  oi'ganized  a  com- 
pany for  opci-ations  in  oil  and  oil  lands,  and 
with  such  success  that,  with  improved  facilities 
for  refining  and  a  sudden  market  demand,  oil 
became  again  valuable,  .so  much  .so,  that  in 
18G4,  he  sold  8,000  barrels  for  the  sum  of 
8112,000  cash,  or  814.00  per  barrel.  He  .sold 
one  lot  at  818.00  per  barrel,  cash.  The  vicissi- 
tudes of  the  business  ere  long  made  it  undesir- 
able, and  with  large  profits  accumulated,  Mr. 
Prentice  disposed  of  his  interests  there.  Sub- 
sequently he  engaged  in  an  enterprise  for 
boring  for  oil  in  South  America,  which  did  not 
meet  his  ex])ectations.  Of  late  j-ears  his  busi- 
ness operations  have  been  largely  in  2s ew 
York,  which  is  now  his  headquarters.  Few 
men  liave  shown  more  enterprise  and  energy 
with  equal  contrasts  in  success  and  di.sappoint- 
ment. 


CHAPTER    II. 


AGRICULTURAL    SOCIETIES    ANP    TRI-STATE    FAIR    ASSOCIATION. 


AT  a  meeting  of  uitizens  of  Lucus  Country, 
lield  at  Swantoii,  November  15,  1849,  a 
County  Agricultural  Society-  was  organized, 
with  the  following  officei's:  President — San- 
ford  L.Collins;  Viee  President -Wm.  Trow- 
bridge; Secretary — John  G.  Klinck;  Treas- 
urer— W.  G.  Dewe}' ;  Managers — A.  H.  Stone, 
of  Spencer;  C.  W.  Hill,  of  Port  Lavvrence 
(Toledo);  A.  Butler,  Chesterfield  (now  in  Ful- 
ton County)  ;  George  Taft,  York  (now  in  Ful- 
ton County). 

The  Lucas  and  Fulton  Agricultural  Society, 
representing  the  counties  of  Ijucas  and  Fulton 
(the  latter  then  recently  created  and  largely  of 
the  territory  of  the  former),  held  its  first  fair 
at  Toledo,  October  16  and  17,  18.50.  The  prem- 
iums consisted  mainly  of  suj)Scriptions  to  the 
Ohio  Cultivator,  Albany  Cultivator,  Hinds'  Far- 
riery, and  other  publications  and  books,  and 
diplomas.  A  few  cash  premiums  were  given, 
the  highest  of  which  was  fo.OO  (for  best  bull). 
The  best  farm  of  40  acres  received  ^I'.OO,  and  a 
diploma  and  a  copj'  of  Stevens'  Book  of  the 
F^'arm ;  best  three  acres  of  wheat,  Stevens' 
Book;  best  10  lbs.  butter,  81.00  and  Miss 
Beecher's  Domestic  Economy,  etc.  The 
Awarding  Committees  included  the  following 
persons; 

Toledo— Leverett  Bissell,  Mr.  audi  Mr.s.  Salter 
Cleveland,  Chas.  O'Hara,  R.  C.  Daniels,  Samuel  S. 
Read,  !:*.  B.  fcott,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Edward  Bissell,  Mrs. 
Dr.  Scott,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Matthew  Johnson,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  M.  R.  Waite,  Mr.  and  INIrs.  H.  D.  Mason,  R.  H. 
Bell,  C.  B.  Phillips,  Henrv  Bennett,  B.  F.  Stickney, 
Chas.  E.  Perigo,  Mayor  Brigham,  Mr.  and  .Mrs.  D.  B. 
Smith,  Benj.  Farley,  Mrs.  P.  F.  Berdan,  Mrs.  D.  O. 
Morton,  Mrs.  .lames  Myers,  Mrs.  R.  W.  Titus,  Fred 
Bissell,  L.  T.  Thayer.  Sylyania— Mr.  and  Mrs.  Benj. 
Joy,  Mrs.  Wni.  F.  Dewey,  John  IT.  Pease,  James 
White,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  H.  D.  Warren,  Ei-astus  Moore. 
Spriuglield — Harvey  Kellogg.  Maumee  City— Mr. 
and  Mrs.  S.  M.  Young,  J.  W' .  Smith,  J  H.  Jerome,  J. 
M.  Felt,  Joua.  Neeley,  Chester  Cook,  Capt.  Perry,  P. 
H.  Boyd,  W.  De\vey,  Elisha  Mack,  iMrs.  Geo."  W. 
Reynolds,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  A.  Scott,  Mrs.  F.  L.  Nich- 
ols, Mrs.  O.  D.  Rannev,  J.  C.  Allen,  E.  S.  Frost,  Chas. 
A.  Lamb,  J.  E.  Hunt,  D.  P.  Brown.  Adrian-J.  W. 
Scott,  B.  F.  Strong.  Washington— N.  A.  Whitney, 
Sands  Ketcham,  Thos.  P.  Whitney,  Lyman  Haugh- 
ton,  James  S.  Whitney,  P.  I.  Phillips,  J.  W.  Collins. 
WaterviUe— Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  Van  Fleet,  L.  L. 
Morehouse,  Henry  Reed,  .Sen.,  Thos.  Shoemaker. 
Oregon-  Oliver  Stoyens,  E.  H.  Fassett.  Che.sterfield 
— W.  E.  Parmelee,  David  Lee,  Harlow  Butler.  Si)en- 
cer— Wm.  Taylor,  Chas.  Courser.  Richfield— Pliny 
Lathrop,  Johii  G.  Klinck.  Palmyra— Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Volney  Spaulding.  Pcrrysburg— John  Bates,  Eber 
Wilson.     Providence — S.  G.  Roach. 


At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Lucas  and  Ful- 
ton District  Agricultural  Society,  October  14, 
1852,  the  following  officers  were  chosen: 

President — Neliemiah  Allen;  Vice  President — 
Henry  lieed,  Sr.,  Secretary — Chas.  E.  Perigo;  Treas- 
urer— Thos.  C.  Mayhew;  ilanagers — Matt.  .lohnson, 
of  Toledo;  J.  Austin  Scott,  of  Maumee;  L.  B.  Lathrop, 
of  Sylyania;  Haryey  Kellogg,of  Springfield;  and  John 
Van  Fleet,  of  Wateryille. 

In  October,  1854,  the  following  officers  of  the 
Lucas  County  Agricultural  Society  were 
elected: 

President— Joel  W.  Kelsey ;  Vice  President — 
Charles  E.  Perigo;  Secretary — Thos.  M.  Cooley; 
Treasurer — IMatthew  Johnson;  Managers — J.  Austin 
Scott,  L.  B.  Lathrop,  Edward  Bissell,  Sen.,  ().  C. 
Wilson  and  Henry  Breed. 

xVt  the  annual  Fair  of  this  Society  for  1854, 
premiums  were  awarded  to  the  following 
named  persons: 

Domestic  Animals--Ed\vard  Bissell,  Sen.,  Marvin 

Haughton,  A.  Eddy,  James  Conlisk,  E.   B.  Doty,  S. 

Tillotson,  A.  J.  Nichols,  Peter  Latshaw,  Wm.  Blaney, 

E.  C.  Blodgett,  James  Young,  Garret  Chase,  P.  C. 

LcNvis,   Warren   Colburn,   Gershom   CrabD,    Horace 

Kellogg,  J.  B.  Murphy,  Ira  R.  Grosvenor  (Monroe). 
~     -  --    --        ■--    —      -  -     ---    -pj^^g^ 

Farm 

implements — J.  W.  Kelsey,  J.  Jessup,  .1.  T.  McClas- 
key.  Crops  and  Grain — S.  Bristol,  S.  Tillotson. 
Butter,  Cheese  and  Bread — Maria  Haughton,  A.  J. 
Nichols.  Mrs.  A.  D.  Pelton.  Domestic  Manufactures 
—Mrs.  J.  Willey,Mrs.  A.  Stephan,  S.  Bristol.  Needle 
Work — Mrs.  Sl  Demmon,  Mrs.  H.  Denmion,  Sliss 
Julia  Brown.  Mrs.  H.  E.  Eagle,  Miss  Mary  Swift,  Miss 
M.  Young,  Miss  Emma  Halsey,  Julia  A.  Sloan,  Mrs. 
A.  Stephan,  Hannah  Bates, '  jNlrs.  O.  Mather,  and 
Isaac  DeBriiine.  Plants  and  Flowers —Toledo  Nur- 
sery Association,  Miss  M.  Young,  Mr.  Arnold. 
Fruits — Toledo  Nursery  Association,  J.  Austin  Scott, 
Henry  Reed,  Sr.  Vegetables— S.  Bristol,  A.  D.  Pel- 
ton,  'C.  W.  Hili,  Horace  Kellogg,  F.  Leonardson. 
Carriages,  &c  —A.  B.  White  (3).  Saddles,  Harness, 
ifcc. — J"  A.  and  W.  S\.  I'nthank.  Chairs  and  Cabinet 
Work — A.  N.  Cole,  J.  R.  Smith  (Adrian).  Daguerreo- 
types, Drawings,  &c. — H.  S.  Dunshee,  A.  B.  Weeks, 
Augusta  Titus,  W.  H.  Machen.  Miscellaneous — An- 
drews it  Jaeger,  P.  VV.  Piper,  Bivins  &  Hall.  Farms 
— Free  Leonardson,  W.  M.  White.  Sweepstakes — 
Cattle,  Sheep,  Horses,  and  Fruit — Ira  R.  Grosyenor, 
Latshaw  &  Johnson,  John  Fay,  A.  Eddy,  Peter  Lat- 
shaw, J.  C.  Lewis,  Giershom"  Crabb,  Wm.  Sutton. 
Toledo  Nursery  Association. 

A  Lucus  County  Agricultural  Society  was 

organized  in  1857,  and  held  its  first  fair  in  1858. 

The  cash  premiums  on  that  occasion  amounted 

to  1140  only,  the  list  consisting  chiefly  of  dipo- 

14] 


Poultry— C.    W.  Hill,   W.  W^    Howe,   R.    W. 
Fred  H.  Brown,  S.  L.  Bailey,  Sidney  Bi.s.sell. 


AGJRICVLTURAL  SOCIETIES. 


715 


mas,  the  Ohio  Farmer,  the  Ohio  Cultivator,  the 
Scientific  American,  the  American  Veterinary 
Journal,  the  Country  Gentleman,  the  Rural  New 
Yorker,  the  Albany  Cultirator,  and  the  Michi- 
gan Farmer.  Five  premiuins  of  S5  each  were 
awarded,  the  other  cash  promiunis  being  $8, 
$2  and  81.  The  first  premiums  of  the  second 
classes  were  as  follows: 

1.  J.  R.  Knight,  Short-Horn  Bull ;  2.  A.  C.  Harris, 
Devon  Cow;  3.  S.  Southard,  Grade  Bull;  4.  F.  L. 
Nichols,  Native  Cow  ;  5.  A.  J.  Nichols,  Oxen ;  (i. 
A.  Reed,  Horse  (Morgan  Messenger);  8.  S.  G.  Crabb, 
Buck  {Long  Wool):  St.  R.  C.  Thompson,  Buck 
(Merino);  10.  W.  W.  Howe,  Boar;  11.  J.  W.  Kcl- 
sey.  Pheasant  Chickens;  12.  A.  C.  Harris,  Sod  Plow  : 
13.  David  Trapjie,  Wagon  ;  14.  Whitaker  &  Phillips, 
Cook  Stoves;  1.5.  L.  J.  Bush,  Churns;  Ui.  Mrs. 
Crampton,  Rag  Carpet;  17.  Mrs.  Deniond,  Needle 
Work;  18.  Mrs.  F.  L.  Nichols,  Rolls  of  Butter;  19. 
Miss  Eliza  Whitnev,  Bread  ;  20.  Moore  &  Pugh,  Coach 
Harness  ;  21.  Glidden  &  Parker,  Marble  Mantels  ;  22. 
Read  &  Cummings,  Furniture ;  23.  Tuledo  Blade 
Bindery,  Blank  Books;  24.  J.  M.  Wagar,  Men's 
Clothes  ;  25.  Mrs.  Moses  Colby,  Dahlias  ;  26.  Avery 
S.  Hill,  Landscape  Drawing;  27.  F.  Leonardson, 
Wheat;  28.  N.  A.  Whitney,  Potatoes;  29.  Amasa 
Bishop,  Apples;  30.  C.  D.  Woodruff,  Eave-trough 
Fastenings. 

Officers  were  subsequently  chosen  for  1858-9, 
as  follows : 

President,  J.  Austin  Scott ;  Vice  President,  Thos. 
Shoemaker;  Secretary,  A.  C.  Harris;  Treasurer, 
J.  W.  Kelsey ;  Directors,  F.  L.  Nichols,  C.  A.  Crane, 
W.  W.  Howe.  C.  D.  WoodruflF,  Jas.  Gilbert,  Jas.  Mc- 
Cabe,  A.  B.  Mead,  Wm.  Taylor,  Pliny  Lathrop,  E. 
Gordinier,  Philo  B.  Scott,  Geo.  Allen,  Edmund  Lees, 
S.  L.  Collins.  Delegate  to  State  Society,  D.  E.  Gard- 
ner. 

lu  1850,  this  Society  held   its  second  fair  at 
Toledo. 
In  1860,  officers  were  elected  as  follows  ; 

President,  Russell  C.  Daniels;  Vice-President, 
J.  C.  Messer ;  Treasurer,  Galen  Norton;  Secretary, 
Wm.  C.  Earl  ;  Directors,  T.  S.  Merrell,  Carey  ;  Hiram 
Wiltse,  Springfield  ;  Luther  Whitmore,  Oregon  ;  Jona. 
Lundy,  Manhattan ;  G.  Crabb,  Washington  ;  R.  C. 
Thompson,  Sylvania  ;  Pliny  Lathrop,  Richfield  ;  Wm. 
Taylor,  Spencer;  J.  C^ilbert,  "Maumee  ;  J.  C.  Wales, 
Swanton ;  John  Wilson,  Providence ;  Thos.  Shoe- 
maker, VVaterville  ;  John  Weible,  Monclova  ;  D.  E. 
Gardner,  Toledo. 

1873 — President,  Ed.  Upton  ;  Vice  President,  J. 
C.  Messer  ;  Treasurer,  B.  VV.  Lenderson  ;  Secretary, 
An.son  Trowbridge  ;  Directors  (for  two  years),  W. 
G.  Norton,  Adams;  L.  C.  Gibbs,  Richfield;  John 
Weible,  Monclova;  Thos.  Secor,  Washington  ;  Chas. 
Vanfleet,  Waterville ;  T.  S.  Merrell,  Maumee  ;  A.  B. 
Waite,  Toledo.  At  this  meeting  it  w-as  resolved  to 
invite  otlicers  of  Agricultural  Societies  and  other 
friends  of  Agriculture  in  Northwestern  Ohio,  South- 
ern Michigan  and  Northern  Indiana  to  meet  the 
officers  of  this  Society,  for  the  purpose  of  taking  into 
consideration  the  organization  of  a  Society  and  estab- 
lishing a  District  Fair  near  Toledo.  The  receipts  of 
the  Society  for  1873  amounted  to  $1,669.26  ;  expendi- 
tures, $1,627.38.     Number  of  members,  289. 

1875— President, R.  C.Thompson  ;  Vice  President, 
G.  W.  Norton;  Treasurer,  E.  W.  Lenderson  ;  Secre- 
tary, Anson  Trowbridge ;  Directors,  S.  W.  Cass, 
Adams;  Charles  B.  Howard,  Richfield;  John  Weible, 
Monclova;  A. Van  Wormer,  Washington;  T.  S.  Mer- 


rell, Maumee;  J.  C.  Messer,  Oregon;  A.  B.  Waite. 
Toledo.  An  excursion  by  Steamer  to  Detroit  occurred 
in  August,  which  netted  the  Society  $294.45.  An 
addition  of  23  acres  to  the  Society  grounds  was  made 
this  year  at  a  cast  of  IliO-.'SOO,  whicli  was  jiaid  for  by 
the  County,  under  special  act  of  tlie  Legislature, 
The  receipt.s  of  the  year  amounted  to  $2,271.53,  and 
expenditures  to  $2,.5"21.     No.  entries  at  fair,  1,072. 

1S77.  President,  S.  S.  Ketcham  ;  Vice  President, 
Wm.  Vanfleet;  Secretary,  Chas.  A.Webb;  Treas- 
urer. E.  VV.  Lenderson  ;  Assistant  Secretary,  Mrs.  J. 
M.  Gloyd  ;  Directors,  S.  W.  Cass,  .Vdams  ;  J."  S.  Clark, 
Richfield  ;  Cornelius  Van  Fleet,  Monclova  ;  Thomas 
Secor,  Washingtou  ;  O.  W.  Ballon,  Waterville  ;  D.  W. 
Maginnis,  Oregon;  J.  W.  Kelsey,  Toledo. 

In  July,  1877,  the  Board  of  Directors  made 
an  arrangement  with  the  Tri-State  Fair  Asso- 
ciation of  Toledo,  under  which  the  grounds  of 
tlie  Society  were  turned  over  to  uses  of  that 
Association,  and  the  annual  fairs  of  the  Society 
were  indefinitely  suspended,  which  arrange- 
ment has  continued  to  this  time  (1888). 

At  the  animal  meeting  of  the  Society  in  1881, 
the  fair  grounds  were  re-leased  to  tiie  Tri-State 
Fair  Association  for  the  period  of  10  years. 

1887.  President,  S.  S.  Ketcham ;  Vice  President, 
Wm.  Van  Fleet;  Secretary,  E.  W.  Lenderson.  Di- 
rectors— G.  W.  Norton,  Adams;  Wallace  Ford,  Rich- 
field; J.  W.  Kerr,  Monclova;  Thomas  Secor,  Wash- 
ington ;  O.  W.  Ballon,  Waterville ;  J.  E.  Wilcox, 
Waynesfield  ;  J.  C.  Messer,  Oregon  ;  J.  W.  Kelsey, 
Toledo. 

The  Lucas  and  Erie  Counties  Agricultural 
Societies  had  a  joint  festival  at  Put-in  Ba^", 
August  1(3,  1871.  Eeprescnting  the  former, 
were  E.  C  Thompson,  President;  Ed.  Upton, 
Vice  President;  J.  C.  Messer  and  G.  AV.  Nor- 
ton, of  the  Executive  Committee  ;  and  T.  S. 
Merrell,  Harvey  Kellogg  andS.  S.  Ketcham,  in 
charge  of  the  excui'sion.  The  Erie  Society  was 
represented  bj' Calvin  Caswell,  President ;  A. 
J.  Mowry,  Vice  President;  S.  M.  White,  Jr., 
Secretary;  A.  W.  Prout,  Jr.,  Treasurer ;  and 
most  of  the  Directors  Colonel  D.  C.  Rich- 
mond, of  the  State  Board,  was  present.  From 
Lucas  was  a  large  delegation  of  citizens,  while 
some  1,500  persons  were  present  from  Erie 
County.  The  time  at  the  Island  was  spent 
sociall}'  and  informally. 

At  the  Ohio  State  Fair  of  1808,  premiums 
were  awarded  to  competitors  from  Lucas 
County,  as  follows  : 

Gates,  Skidmore  &  Co.,  Hand  Rakes  ;  Whitaker, 
Phillips  &  Co.,  Hay  and  Straw  Forks ;  Heckman  & 
Gerber,  Polybladed  Knife  ;  Russell  &  Thayer,  Iron 
Column  for  building;  Ballard  &  Rood,  Galvanized 
Cornice  and  Brackets;  R.  W.  Rigby  it  Co.,  Bed-room 
Furniture;  E.  Erb,  same;  Trowbridge  Brothers, 
Coopering  Material  and  Work  ;  West  &  Truax,  Orna- 
mental Window  Glass  ;  Henry  L.  Pl.elps,  Display  of 
Cake;  Bronson  &  Messinger,  Fine-cut  Tobacco; 
Moore  &  Cole,  Horse  Drapery;  J.  Cooper  Price, 
Gents'  Shirts  and  Goods;  T.  H.  Hough  &  Co., 
House  Furnishing  Goods  ;  Mrs.  M.  Dixon,  Napper 
Bed-spread  ;  J.  A.  Granger  &  Co.,  Cotton  Batting  ; 
C.  Schansenbach  &  Co.,  Dry  Goods;  Mrs.  M.  C. 
'Thatcher,  Agricultural  Wreath ;  Eaton  &  Backus, 
Dry  Goods;  'f.  J.  Brown,    Books;  North  &  Oswald, 


716 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Photographs  ;  C.  H.  Stark,  Graining  ;  E.  W.  E.  Koch. 
Ornamental  Rock  Work ;  W.  W.  Whitney,  Melo- 
deon  (two  sets  of  reeds). 

During  the  Fall  of  1865,  17,129  barrels  of  Apples 
were  purchased  at  and  shipped  from  Toledo,  by 
about  12  dealers.  Richards  &  Brown  handled  .'j,.53] 
bbls.  ;  Nelson  &  Holt,  3,025;  J.  Lyon,  2,788;  Bivins 
&  Flynn,  2,000  ;  J.  P.  Wallace,  1,360  ;  Bolles  &  Gar- 
rett, 850.  The  aggregate  was  equivalent  to  51,387 
bushels.  The  prices  ranged  from  |1.00  to  $1..30  per 
bushel,  the  average  being  about  $1.12i,  or  $3.37J 
per  barrel,  and  the  aggregate  $57,812.50.  The  ship- 
ments were  mainly  for  the  Eastern  States,  where 
the  crop  was  light. 

As  a  means  for  protection  from  petty  thievery, 
the  farmers  and  gardeners  living  out  Dorr 
Street,  from  Toledo,  in  1878,  organized  what 
was  known  as  the  Swan  Creek  Mutual  Protec- 
tion Society,  with  the  following  members: 

Harvey  Kellogg,  T.  S.  Merrell,  E.  Mulford,  J.  G. 
Cass,  Wm.  M.  Demott,  EllLson  Demott,  Thos.  Watts, 
S.  D.  Wilcox,  Richard  Dustin,  Perry  Wood,  F.  Y. 
Hall,  John  Wood,  C.  B.  Holloway,  Edmund  Lees, 
Dennis  Sage,  E.  L.  Wood,  Ezra  Holt,  Josiah  Albon, 
Hiram  Wiltse,  Samuel  Coble,  Harry  Gunn,  David 
Tripp,  Josiah  Clark,  Jere.  Reynolds,  A.  D.  Jones, 
Levi  Manly,  John  Shaner,  Silas  J.  Cothrell,  Geo.  W. 
Norton,  Henry  Driver,  J.  E.  Wilcox,  A.  B.  Bradley, 
Samuel  Wagner,  Predom  Martin,  H.  W.  Cass,  Clark 
B.  Gunn,  Wm.  Bates,  J.  B.  Griffin,  Thos.  Sage. 

The  officers  of  the  Society  were:  President,  S.  D. 
Wilcox  ;  Secretary,  C.  B.  Holloway  ;  Treasurer,  J.  E. 
Wilcox  ;  Captain,  Perry  Wood  ;  Lieutenants,  A.  D. 
Jones,  H.  W.  Cass,  J.  B.  Griffin. 

TRI-STATE  FAIR  ASSOCIATION. 

The  Tri-State  Fair — general  in  its  scope,  but 
from  Toledo's  geographical  situation,  special  as 
to  Northwestern  Ohio,  Southeastern  Michigan 
and  Northeastern  Indiana — had  its  origin  in 
the  failure  of  the  Ohio  State  Board  of  Agricul- 
ture to  carry  out  the  engagement  to  hold  a 
series  of  State  Fairs  at  Toledo,  to  begin  in 
1877.  Such  engagement,  on  the  part  of  that 
Board,  was  understood  to  have  been  induceti 
by  the  fact,  that  for  the  three  years  preceding 
that  date,  its  Fair  (held  at  Columbus)  had  not 
been  successful.  It  seems,  that  in  June,  1887, 
a  Committee  of  the  State  Board  met  a  called 
meeting  of  citizens  of  Toledo,  when  they  made 
statement  of  the  situation,  and  stated  that,  upon 
providing  suitable  grounds,  etc.,  Toledo  could 
have  the  Fair.  The  outlay  involved  was 
$10,000.  Steps  were  at  once  taken  by  the 
meeting,  which  resulted  in  tiie  early  provision 
of  the  requisite  means,  when  a  Committee  of 
citizens  visited  Columbus  to  close  the  arrange- 
ment with  the  State  Board.  Meantime,  it 
seems,  the  citizens  of  Columbus  had  been  moved 
by  passing  events,  to  steps  which  induced  the 
State  Board  to  disregard  its  virtual  engage- 
ment with  Toledo,  and  to  continue  at  the  for- 
mer City. 

Not  willing  to  abandon  the  movement  for  a 
Fair,  at  Toledo,  the  local  Committee  turned  its 
attention  to  the  plan  of  organizing  a  perma- 


nent Association,  and  with  such  success,  that 
on  the  5th  of  July,  a  meeting  of  subscribers  to 
the  fund  was  held,  when  a  Board  of  Directors 
was  chosen,  consisting  of  L.  S.  Baumgardner, 
David  Eobison,  Jr.,  S.  S.  Ketcham,  Fred.  Eaton 
and  T.  P.  Brown.  On  the  day  following  the 
Directors  met,  decided  upon  the  title,  "  Tri- 
State  Fair  Association,"  and  engaged  for  its 
headquarters,  rooms  in  the  Hall  Block,  North- 
east corner  of  Jefferson  and  St.  Clair  Streets. 
The  offer  of  the  Lucas  County  Agricultural 
Society  to  turn  over  to  the  Association  its 
grounds,  was  accepted.  An  election  of  officers 
was  then  had,  as  follows  : 

President,  L.  S.  Baumgardner ;  Vice  Pre.sident, 
T.  P.  Brown  ;  Treasurer,  C.  A.  King  ;  Secretary,  E. 
W.  E.  Koch. 

Executive  Committee — L.  S.  Baumgardner,  T.  P. 
Brown,  C.  A.  King,  Fred.  Eaton,  S.  S.  Ketcham, 
Henry  Brand  and  D.  Robison,  Jr. 

So  vigorous  was  the  action  of  the  young 
Association,  that  its  first  annual  Fair  was  held 
in  September  following,  and  proved  successful 
beyond  expectation.  The  result  was  the  per- 
manence of  the  arrangement,  with  yearly  im- 
provement and  enlargement. 

In  1878,  James  H.  Maples  became  the  Sec- 
retary, and  in  1879  was  succeeded  by  the  late 
Colonel  Albert  Moore,  who  was  succeeded  in 
1880,  by  John  Farley.  Meantime,  John  Cum- 
mings  became  the  Vice  President,  and  George 
W.  Davis  the  Treasurer.  In  January,  1884, 
Mr.  Baumgardner,  who  had,  with  special 
efficiency  and  success,  acted  as  President  to 
that  time,  tendered  his  I'esignation,  and  was 
succeeded  by  T.  S.  Merrell.  Xir.  Farley  at  the 
same  time  resigning,  Charles  Reed  became  the 
Secretary.     The  officers  for  1888,  are  as  follows  ; 

President,  Fred.  Eaton  ;  Vice  President,  G.  G.  Had- 
ley;  Treasurer,  Geo.  W.  Davis;  Secretary,  John 
Farley. 

Board  of  Directors — Geo.  W.  Davis,  John  Cura- 
mings,  Fred.  Eaton,  S.  S.  Ketcham,  T.  J.  Charles- 
worth,  J.  C.  Messer,  T.  S.  Merrell,  Ed.  Upton,  James 
Dority,  David  Robison,  Jr.,  Frank  I.  Young,  George 
R.  Hudson,  Wm.  Kline,  M.  J.  Enright,  G.  G.  Hadley. 

The  Tri-State  Fair  Grounds  are  located  on 
Dorr  Street,  about  2i  miles  from  the  center  of 
the  City,  and  are  readily  accessible  by  steam 
and  horse  cars.  They  contain  about  50  acres 
of  ground  admirably  suited  for  the  purposes  of 
a  Fair.  The  annual  expenditure  for  Pre- 
miums, &c.,  is  about  ^25,000.  The  financial 
success  of  the  enterprise,  as  is  common  with 
such,  has  been  largely  dependent  upon  seasons 
and  the  conditions  of  the  weather  at  the  time 
of  exposition  ;  but  it  may  be  stated,  that  few  of 
its  class  have  been  more  fortunate  in  that  re- 
spect; while  the  general  character  of  its  exhi- 
bitions has  been  such  as  to  give  to  the  Associa- 
tion a  strong  and  increasing  hold  upon  the 
public  interest. 


PART    XII 

SOCIAL. 


I 


CHAPTER    I. 


THE    TEMPERANCE    CAUSE    IN    LUCAS    COUNTY. REFORM    A8S00IATI0NB. 


LUCAS  Count}-  was  not  fiir  behind  its  neigh- 
bors in  steps  looliing  to  the  promotion  of 
sobriety  and  abstinence  trora  the  use  of  alco- 
holic drinks.  The  aim  here  is  not  to  attempt 
anything  like  detailed  record  of  what  has 
been  done  in  that  connection — which  would  be 
impracticable — but  only  to  present  something 
of  the  earlier  action  in  that  resi^ect. 

The  first  record  of  this  sort  now  at  hand,  is 
that  of  a  public  meeting  held  at  Waterville, 
May  1,  1837,  with  Dr.  Paris  Pray  as  Chairman, 
and  A.  P.  Jones  as  Secretary.  Eesolutions 
were  adopted,  declaring  "  the  most  sure  and 
effectual  means  for  preventing  drunkenness  in 
the  country,  to  be  by  imi)osing  a  heavy  duty 
on  the  importation  of  all  foreign  spirits,  and  a 
like  duty  on  the  manufacture  of  domestic 
spirits." 

Mr.  Jones,  in  presenting  the  i-esohitions,  said : 

Such  policy  would  "would  place  beyond  the 
reach  of  most  men  all  ardent  spirits,  as  a  beverage. 
Should  any  one  crave  his  glass  to  such  degree  that  he 
would  sacrifice  his  property  for  it,  there  wasagreater 
probability  of  bis  running  the  length  of  his  lite  be- 
fore his  constitution  would  be  irreparably  destroyed, 
than  if  the  article  could  be  obtained  for  one-tenth 
the  same  money.  By  the  imposition  of  a  heavy  tax, 
ardent  .spirits  would  bo  placed  beyond  the  reach  of 
men  in  ordinary  circumstances,  and  if  rich  men  could 
procure  them,  who  would  envy  them  their  privilege? 
While  the  article  is  among  us,  and  cheap,  depend 
upon  it,  its  effects  will  be  discernible — drunkenness 
will  prevail.  Abolish  the  means — abolish  the  crime 
— and  save  the  country.  Therefore,  let  the  watch- 
word be,  '  United  and  uncompromising  opposition  to 
intoxicating  drinks,  till  they  are  expelled  from  the 
land.'  " 

On  motion  of  Henry  Eeed,  Sr.,  a  Committee 
to  consist  of  A.  P.  Jones,  H.  J.  Curtis  and  Mr. 
Tucker,  were  appointed  to  draft  memorials  to 
the  Legislature  and  to  Congress,  on  the  sub- 
ject of  these  resolutions. 

On  the  22d  of  August,  1837,  a  large  meeting 
of  contractors  on  the  Wabash  and  Erie  Canal 
was  held,  of  which  Hiram  Steele,  of  Maumee, 
was  Chairman,  and  Titn.  Griffith,  Secretary. 
On  motion  of  Mr.  Sackett,  it  was  resolved  "to 
pay  $16  for  each  2(5  days  of  work  performed 
by  laborers  from  September  1st  to  October  31st 
and  no  more — rainy  weather  and  loss  of  time 
at  the  risk  of  laborers,  with  board."  Mr.  Grif- 
fifth  submitted  a  j^reamble  and  resolution  in 
regard  to  the  use  of  intoxicating  liquors  by 
laborers,  which  were  unanimously  adopted. 
They  were  as  follows  : 

Whereas,  In  tbe  opinion  of  this  meeting,  the  use 
of  ardent  spirits  is  inconsistent  with  tbe  constitution 


of  man;  that  it  is  alike  injurious  to  the  system  and 
the  mental  faculties  ;  and  that  in  furnishing  such  as 
a  beverage  to  those  in  our  employ,  we  not  only  com- 
mit a  breach  on  our  knowledge  of  right  and  wrong, 
but  a  manifest  recklessness  of  all  its  evil  tendencies; 
and 

Whereas,  It  is  established  l)cyond  human  con- 
troversy, by  the  testimony  of  the  most  profound 
chemists  and  physicians  of  this  enlightened  age, 
that  alcohol  used  as  a  beverage  by  persons  in  health, 
is  never  useful,  but  always  hurtful ;  and  believing  as 
we  do,  that  our  prosperity  and  success  as  con- 
tractors, as  in  the  interest  of  the  public  at  large,  de- 
Ijends  materially  upon  the  principles  adopted  by  this 
meeting  tor  our  future  government ;  therefore, 

liesolred,  That  we  will  not  furnish  ardent  spirits 
to  laborers  in  our  employ  on  the  Wabash  and  Erie 
Canal;  and  will  use  all  honorable  means  to  prevent 
their  use  as  a  beverage  in  any  and  every  shape,  un- 
less recommended  by  I'hysicians  for  medicinal  pur- 
poses. 

The  Maumee  Express  of  June  16,  1838,  said 
it  was  understood,  that  at  a  previous  payment 
on  the  line  of  the  Canal,  the  State  Commis- 
sioner extended  substantial  favors  to  such  con- 
tractors as  forbid  the  use  of  intoxicating 
liquors  on  their  jobs,  which  action  that  paper 
strongly  endorsed. 

The  earliest  record  of  a  Temperance  meeting 
in  Toledo,  consists  of  a  call  issued  for  such  to 
be  held  at  the  School- House  in  Lower  Town, 
January  14,  1838,  to  which  the  ladies  were 
particularly  invited,  when  John  Berdan  (then 
the  Mayor)  was  called  to  the  Chair,  and  Warren 
Jenkins  acted  as  Secretary.  The  object  of  the 
meeting  was  declared  to  be  to  organize  the 
Toledo  City  Temperance  Societj^  "  on  the  tee- 
total plan,"  with  a  pledge  agreeing  not  to  use  or 
traffic  in  intoxicating  liquors.  The  officers  of 
the  Society  were  :  President,  Rev.  Isaac  Flag- 
ler; Heman  Walbridge  and  Warren  Jenkins, 
Vice  Presidents ;  Edson  Allen,  Secretary ; 
John  Berdan,  Treasurer;  with  Frederick 
Lasher,  John  Pontius,  Chester  Walbridge  and 
Joseph  Chambers  as  Managers.  The  only 
officer  of  that  Society  now  living,  is  its  Secre- 
tary, Edson  Allen.  Esq.,  of  Toledo. 

As  early  as  April  23,  1838,  the  Toledo  City 
Council  passed  an  ordinance  to  prohibit  the 
selling  or  giving  away  of  any  ardent  spirits  to 
be  drank  at  any  of  tlie  places  named  therein, 
and  to  jjrohihit  di.sorderh'  assemblages  and 
I'iots.  Among  its  provisions  wa.s  one  declaring 
it  '-unlawful  for  anj'  storekeeper,  trader  or 
grocer  to  sell  or  give  away  any  ardent  spirits 
to  be  drank  in  a  shop,  store,  grocery,  outside 
yard  or  garden  owned  or  occupied  by  the 
person  selling  or  giving  away  the  same,  except 
19] 


720 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


by  inn-keepers  duly  licensed  by  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas."  It  was  also  made  unlawful 
for  any  person  "  to  sell  or  give  away  any  ardent 
spirits  or  other  intoxicating  drinks  to  a  child, 
apprentice  or  servant,  without  the  consent  of 
his  or  her  parent,  guardian,  master  or  mis- 
tress, or  to  a7i  Indian."  The  ordinance  was 
signed,  "John  Berdan,  Mayor;  Austin  A.  Hill, 
Clerk." 

At  the  March  term  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas,  it  was  announced  that  the  Grand  Jury 
had  brought  in  between  GO  and  70  indictments 
against  persons  who  had  broken  the  law,  by 
trespass  on  public  lands,  selling  liquors  with- 
out license,  gambling,  etc.  The  Court  estab- 
lished the  rule  to  fine  persons  guilty  of  selling- 
ardent  spirits  withoxit  license,  $35,  with  recom- 
mendation, that  persons  so  fined  keep  an  ac- 
count current,  and  inform  the  Court  how  much 
profit  they  can  make  by  paying  the  above  fine 
four  times  a  year,  and  in  case  it  turns  out  to 
be  a  lucrative  business,  the  Court  has  itin  con- 
templation to  increase  the  amount  required  by 
tavern-keepers  for  a  license. 

A  Temperance  Society  of  Children  and 
Youth,  was  organized  in  Toledo,  in  April,  1844, 
with  Rev.  S.  L.  Yourtee,  Pastor  of  the  Metho- 
dist Episcopal  Church,  as  President;  and 
Charles  Dodge,  yet  of  Toledo,  as  Secretary. 

February  13,  1846,  the  following  call  ap- 
peared in  the  Blade,  to  wit: 

Believing  there  exists  a  necessity  for  the  organ- 
ization of  a  Temperance  Society  in  this  place,  on  the 
true  Temperance  principles,  the  undersigned  would 
respectfully  invite  the  friends  of  the  cause  to  attend 
a  meeting  to  be  held  for  that  purpose  at  the  Court 
Room,  Lower  Town,  on  the  evening  of  the  14th  in- 
stant, at  6;  30  o'clock.  An  address  may  be  expected 
from  H.  L.  Hosmer,  Esq.  Signed  bv  A.  Ralston,  Jr., 
S.  Linsley,  Samuel  B.  Scott,  O.  H.  Knapp,  James 
Myers,  C.  W.  Hill,  Wm.  Baker,  Calvin  Smith,  Chas. 
E.  Perigo,  Chas.  A.  Crane,  Jessup  W.  Scott,  Thomas 
Daniels,  Frank  J.  Scott,  J.  B.  Bliven,  Wm.  H.  Scott, 
C.  F.  Abbott,  Edson  Allen,  B.  W.  Rouse,  Andrew 
Shurtz,  M.  L.  Collins,  L.  S.  Lownsbury,  Matthew 
Brown,  Jr.,  Wm.  H.  Newton,  Salter  Cleveland,  Thos. 
H.  Hough,  L.  G.  Loomis,  M.  H.  Tilden,  John  P. 
Freeman,  Daniel  O.  Morton,  D.  C.  Hollister,  John 
Fitch,  R.  0.  Stowe,  Henry  Bennett. 

At  the  May  term  of  Lucas  County  Court  of 
Common  Pleas,  184(i,  remonstrances  against 
the  granting  of  licenses  to  retail  ardent  spirits, 
from  325  citizens  of  Toledo,  and  from  over  200 
of  other  portions  of  the  County  were  presented. 
The  Grand  Jurors  of  the  County  made  a  report 
to  the  Court  on  the  subject,  in  which  thej' 
stated  that  they  were  "  fully  persuaded  that 
the  retail  of  ardent  spirits  by  the  small  meas- 
ui'e,  was  the  primary  cause  of  much  crime  and 
misery,  and  ought  to  be  prohibited." 

"We  are  satisfied,"  said  they,  "that  if  the  traffic 
of  the  liquors  aforesaid  was  abolished  in  this  County, 
crime  would  diminish,  good  morals  would  be  pro- 
moted, and  the  expenses  of  criminal  prosecutions 
materially  lessened.  Entertaining  these  views,  we 
earnestly  but  respectfully  pray,  that  your  honorable 


Court  will  refrain  from  granting  licenses  to  retail 
spirituous  liquors  to  any  person  or  persons  whom- 
soever ;  firmly  believing,  that  a  general  rule  of  this 
kind  would  operate  equally  upon  all,  and  work 
injury  to  no  one  ;  and  that  good  would  result  both  to 
community  and  to  the  Tavern-keepers." 

The  report  was  signed  by  John  U.  Pea.se, 
James  Myers,  John  Van  Fleet,  Samuel  Biddle, 
Dennis  vSage,  Elijah  Price,  Geo.  W.  Webb, 
Eobert  A.  Forsyth,  Stephen  Haughton,  Solo- 
mon Collins,  Thomas  Gleason,  Jarvis  Gilbert, 
Adam  Black,  and  Wheeler  French,  Grand 
Jurors.  The  remonstrances  of  citizens  were 
presented  to  the  Court  b)-  Chas.  W.  Hill,  and 
favorable  action  invoked  in  a  few  remarks. 
The  result  was  the  refusal  of  the  Court  to  grant 
any  license  for  the  sale  of  liquors  within  the 
County.  In  referring  to  the  matter,  the  Editor 
of  the  Blade  (Jessup  W.  Scott)  said:  "Every 
friend  of  Temperance,  we  think,  will  rejoice  in 
this  decision.  It  is  such  a  stand  in  favor  of 
good  morals  and  in  restraint  of  vice,  as  must 
do  good,  and  such  as  might  have  been  expected 
from  this  Court." 

The  Temperance  organization  known  as  Sons 
of  Temperance  began  its  operations  in  Ohio 
early  in  1847,  and  during  that  year  Divisions 
were  instituted  at  Toledo  and  neighboring 
Towns.  Christmas  of  that  year  was  celebrated 
at  Toledo  by  the  Divisions  of  Toledo,  Adrian, 
Monroe,  Hillsdale  and  Tecumseh.  A  proces- 
sion was  formed  at  10  a.  m.  of  the  several 
Divisions  from  these  Towns,  which  marched  to 
First  Congregational  Church,  on  St.  Clair 
Street,  where  the  exercises  were  as  follows: 
Prayer  by  Eev.  W.  W.  Winters ;  music  by  the 
choir;  presentation  of  Bible  to  Toledo  Division 
by  ladies  of  Toledo;  address  by  D.  O.  Morton, 
Esq.;  music  by  Band ;  address  by  Rev.  E.  E. 
Jewett ;  prayer  by  Rev.  Anson  Smyth;  and 
benediction.  The  procession  then  formed,  and 
marched  to  L.  T.  Thayer's  hotel,  where  a  din- 
ner had  been  provided. 

July  28,  1852,  Jane  M.  Gordinier,  Clarissa 
Shaw,  Jane  Southard,  Sarah  G.  Southard  and 
Aim  Corlett,  highly  respectable  ladies  of  Toledo, 
addressed  to  the  Citj'  Council  a  memorial,  set- 
ting forth  in  forcible  language  the  evils  of  un- 
restrained traffic  in  intoxicating  liquors,  and 
asking  for  such  legislation  as  should  so  far  as 
practicable  check  such  evil. 

In  evident  response  to  this  appeal.  Mayor 
Egbert  B.  Brown  issued  his  proclamation, 
giving  notice  that  "  all  groceries  or  liquor 
stands  where  ardent  spirits  were  sold,  were  re- 
quired to  be  closed  on  the  Sabbath  ;"  that  neg- 
lect of  such  notice  would  be  followed  by  "the 
rigors  of  the  law  ;"  and  that  the  City  Marshal 
and  citizens  were  requested  to  report  every 
known  violation  of  the  law.  Mayor  Brown  had 
just  been  elected  by  the  Council  vice  Daniel 
McBain,  resigned. 

At  a  session  of  the  City  Council,  August  11, 
1852,  Alderman  M.  R.  Waite  introduced  "  an 


THE   TEMPERANCE  CAUSE. 


721 


ordinance  requiring  all  places  in  which  liquors 
were  sold,  to  be  closed  on  Sunday,"  which, 
upon  suspension  of  the  rules,  was  unanimously 
passed. 

From  the  organization  of  the  State,  in  1802, 
until  1851,  the  policy  of  licensing  dealers  in 
intoxicating  liquors  was  pursued  in  Ohio. 
The  result  of  popular  agitation  of  the  subject 
of  Temperance  Croni  1842  until  the  adoption  of 
the  new  constitution  of  1851,  was  to  secure  in 
that  law,  a  provision  prohibiting  licenses  for 
such  traffic,  and  devolving  upon  the  Legislature 
the  duty  of  such  legislation  as  sliould  prevent 
the  evils  of  the  same.  In  1852-53,  the  ques- 
tion of  adopting  the  stringent  law  of  Maine, 
then  recently  enacted,  was  actively  discussed 
in  Ohio,  and  strongly  urged  by  a  large  portion 
of  the  people,  and  especially  by  the  maiij'  Tem- 
perance organizations  throughout  the  State. 
As  an  evident  compromise  on  the  question, 
the  Legislattire  enacted  a  law  very  stringent  in 
its  terms,  which,  wherever  enforced,  operated 
substantially  to  prevent  the  retail  traffic  in 
liquors,  except  Beer  and  native  Wines.  But  it 
was  soon  found  that,  as  in  the  case  of  other 
laws  affecting  private  interests,  this  one,  for  its 
euforcement,  must  rely  upon  popular  sentiment 
in  each  locality,  inasmuch  as  through  such  sus- 
taining force  onlj-  could  earnest  action  by  the 
Courts,  executive  officials  and  Juries  be  secured. 
With  the  execution  of  the  law  thus  remanded 
for  the  action  of  the  people,  it  became  substan- 
tially a  question  of  popular  sentiment,  more 
than  ol  legal  status;  and  steps  were  soon  taken 
througiiout  the  State,  for  providing  the  needed 
support  to  the  new  order  of  things.  Public 
meetings  were  held  and  steps  taken  to  that  end 
named,  in  which  the  leading  citizens  of  all 
classes  very  generally  co-operated. 

Toledo  was  not  an  exception  in  that  connec- 
tion. Hence,  in  May,  1854,  publication  was 
made  of  a  manifesto  strongly  endorsing  the 
new  law,  urging  upon  all  citizens  implicit  obe- 
dience to  its  provisions,  and  pledging  the  co- 
operation of  the  signers  of  the  paper  for  the 
faithful  etiforcement  of  the  law  in  Toledo. 
That  manifesto  was  as  follows: 

Whereas,  Serious  events  have  arisen  and  continue 
to  prevail,  from  unrestricted  sale  and  abuse  of  intox- 
icating liquors  in  tfiis  City  ;  and 

Whereas,  The  Legislature  of  this  State  at  its  late 
session,  passed  an  act  to  "  provide  against  "  such  evils, 
which  is*  now  in  force  and  binding  upon  all  persons  ; 
and 

Tf7terea.s,  Also,  it  is  supposed  that  (owing  to  the 
long  and  unrebuked  continuance  of  these  evils)  it 
will  be  difficult  to  procure  a  prompt  and  thorough 
enforcement  of  said  law  in  this  City,  without  some 
special  and  decided  expression  of  public  approval 
thereof ; 

Now.  therefore,  we,  the  undersigned,  citizens  of 
Toledo,  believing  that  a  strict  and  uncompromising 
execution  thereof,  will  enhance  the  best  interests  of 
all  the  people,  promote  private  happiness,  secure 
public  good  order,  and  save  the  wretched  from  in- 
creased wretchedness ;  do  hereby  respectfully  and 
earnestly   exhort  our  fellow-citizens,  by  a  firm  and 


constant  expression  of  oi)inion,  to  discountenance 
the  violation  thereof,  and,  by  the  use  of  all  lawful 
means,  to  prevent  for  the  future,  the  misery  and  dis- 
grace we  have  sutiVred  in  the  i>ast. 

And,  with  this  e-Nprcssion  of  our  desires— avowing 
our  firm  determination  to  uphold  the  supremacy  of 
the  law — w<'  do  hereby  declare  and  pledge,  to  tlmse 
officers  of  the  City  upon  whom  the  enforcement 
thereof  more  especially  devolves,  our  constant  readi- 
ness to  .sustain  and  aid  them  therein  in  all  lawful 
ways,  and  by  all  necessary  means. 

John  Fitch,  S.  Hobart, 

H.  1).  Mason,  J.  .7.  Laraan, 

Thos   M.  Cooley,  l\.  K.  Waite, 

l<^.zra  Bliss,  B.  VV.  House, 

0.  B.  Smith,  J.  W.  Scott, 
J.  M.  Ashley,  T.  F.  Lewis, 

8.  F.  Forbes,  Edward  Haskell, 

C.  H.  Gov,  J.  M.  Comstock, 
L.  N.  Voigt,  Mart)  Wheeler, 
Chas.  O'Hara.  John  ^f .  May, 
James  M.  Whitney,  Mez.  L.  Ilosmer, 
W.  R.  Wil.son,  .Tiiscpb  Tolman, 
J.  S.  Hull,  W.  ti.  Powers, 

1.  N.  Hathaway,  James  Tolman, 
James  H.  Maples,  E.  T.  Mortimer, 
Lewis  C.  Hunt,  W.  E.  Paruielee, 
Azariah  Eddy,  Alex.  Keed, 

Fred.  Bissell,  Alonzo  Kingsbury,    . 

D.  H.  Nye,  .lohn  Sinclair, 
C.  A.  King,  F.  J.  King, 
Samuel  R.  Reed,  Samuel  B.  Scott, 
P.  F.  Berdan,  C.  A.  Harvey, 
Carlos  Colton,  Eleazer  Damond, 
S.A.Raymond,  A.  Judson, 
Matthew  Brown,  Geo.  W.  Scott, 
A.  B.  Brownlee,  Simeon  Fitch,  Jr. 
A.  J.  Field,  A.  H.  Colton, 
Joseph  R.  Williams,  A.  D.  Pelton, 
Salmon  H.  Keeler,  Egbert  B.  Brown, 
Decius  Wadsworth,  Thos.  H.  Hough, 
Jacob  T.  Caples,  Tim.  O'Conncll. 
James  Laree,  J.  B.  Smith, 
Andrew  Young,  J.  P.  McCutcheon, 
John  Brownlee,  W.  S.  Johnson, 

J.  P.  Scott,  W.  H.  Mallory, 

W.  S.  Berdan. 

Soon  thereafter,  Eev.  11.  1>.  Walbrid.i;e,  Itec- 
tor  of  Trinity  Episcopal  Church,  in  an  address 
through  the  City  press,  strongly  urged  obedi- 
ence to,  and  enforcement  of  the  same  law.  It 
was  addressed  ''To  all  Citizens  engaged  in 
selling  intoxicating  drinks  in  Toledo,  in  viola- 
tion of  law." 

So  far  as  known,  the  effects  of  these  appeals 
were  helpful  to  the  objects  sought ;  but  were 
largelj'  temporary  in  their  influence,  and 
gradually  the  law  came  to  be  more  and  more 
violated  with  increasing  impunity,  until,  ere 
long,  it  became  practicallj'  a  "  dead  letter," 
without  apparent  regard  for  its  provisions,  or 
attempt  at  its  eidbrcement,  as  it  continued  to 
be,  until,  in  connection  with  what  was  known 
as  the  "  Scott  Law  "  (an  act  for  levying  specific 
taxes  upon  the  liquor  traffic,  and  in  1884,  bj- 
the  Supreme  Court  declared  unconstitutional), 
the  law  of  1854  was  repealed,  and  the  liquor 
traffic  left  practically  without  i-estraint,  save 
the  ability  of  dealers  to  ]iay  the  price  of  their 
traffic  fixed  by  the  Slate. 

A  convention  of  delegates  from   the  friends 


722 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LOCAS  COUNTY. 


of  Temperance  in  Fulton  and  Lucas  Counties, 
was  held  at  Swanton,  September  15,  1853,  of 
which  John  U.  Pease,  of  Sylvania,  was  Presi- 
dent; and  Chas.  E.  Perigo,  of  Toledo,  was  Sec- 
retarj'.  The  committee  on  resolutions  con- 
sisted of  James  M.  Ashley,  Dr.  Oscar  White 
and  John  G.  Klinck,  of  Lucas;  and  Joel  R. 
Chiirch  and  Jonathan  Wood,  of  Fulton,  whose 
report  was  adopted.  It  declared  the  Maine 
law  (then  recentlj^  enacted),  to  be  the  "  only  hope 
and  .safety  of  the  State  and  the  Nation,"  and 
that  its  pas.sage  b}-  the  Ohio  Legislature  was 
"  demanded  alike  by  the  moral  and  legal  obli- 
gations which,  a,s  citizens,  we  owe  to  each 
other,  and  by  the  first  and  highest  of  all  human 
law — that  of  self-preservation."  It  was  de- 
clared that  experience  "  had  shown  that  all 
laws  to  i-egulate  or  license  the  evil,  had  been 
unwise  and  impolitic,  and  had  been  disre- 
garded and  evaded."  It  was  resolved  not  to 
vote  foi-  candidates  for  the  Legislature  not 
favorable  to  the  enactment  of  the  Maine  law. 
The  convention  nominated  Sanford  L.  Collins, 
of  Lucas,  for  Representative. 

At  a  meeting  of  delegates  from  tlie  several 
Lodges  of  Good  Templars  in  Lucas  County 
held  at  Toledo,  May  10,  1870,  a  County  Lodge 
was  organized  by  W.  S.  Peterson,  G.  W.  C.  of 
Ohio,  with  the  following  officers: 

W.  C,  D.  A.  Pease,  Toledo  ;  W.  V.,  Miss  A.  M. 
Cogswell,  Maumee;  W.  R.  S.,  G.  S.  Tambling,  Jr., 
Toledo;  VV.  F.  S.,  C.  W.  Shoemaker,  Waterville; 
W.  T.,  A.  B.  West,  Sylvania;  W.  M.,  J.  E.  Avery, 
Toledo  ;  W.  I.  G.,  Jennie  Turner,  Sylvania  ;  W.  0.  G., 
W.  W.  Earl,  Toledo  ;  R.  H.  S.,  Miss  Libbie  HilHs  ; 
L.  H.  S.,  Mrs.  O.  W.  Lamport;  A.  S.,  Miss  Rose 
Newcomb. 

A  Colored  Division  of  the  Sons  of  Temper- 
ance was  instituted  at  Toledo,  March  7,  1871, 
with  the  following  officers  : 

W.  P.,  Rev.  B.  W.  Arnett;  W.  A.,  Theresa  A. 
Moore  ;  K.  S.,  W.  H.  G.  Smith  ;  A.  R.  S.,  Mary  C. 
Lee ;  F.  S.,  Robert  Massenburg  ;  Treasurer.  James  M. 
Bell;  Chaplain,  Garland  H.  White;  C,  S.  H.  Price; 
A.  C,  Annetta  Merritt ;  L.  S.,  Mariah  Harvey  ;  O.  S., 
Joseph  Moore;  P.  W.  P.,  L.  F.  Dowley ;  Deputy, 
John  Young.  The  Division  was  known  as  Golden 
Rule,  No.  130,  and  had  93  members. 

A  Convention  of  delegates  from  the  Women's 
Temperance  Leagues  of  the  Congressional  Dis- 
trict, was  held  at  Toledo,  October  27  and  28, 
1874.  The  temporary  officers  were  Mrs.  P.  S. 
Donelson,  President;  and  Miss  C.  Kingham,  of 
Port  Clinton,  and  Mrs.  W.  H.  Alexander,  of 
Toledo,  as  Secretaries.  The  permanent  officers 
were  as  follows:  President,  Mrs.  Donelson; 
Vice  President,  Mrs.  Alfred  Wilkin,  Toledo; 
Secretary,  Miss  C.  Kingham,  Port  Clinton; 
Treasurer,  Miss  L.  Lyons,  Wauseon  ;  Advisorj- 
Committee,  Mrs.  H.  W.  Smith,  Mrs.  D.  K.  Hol- 
lenbeck,  Mrs.  Barber  and  Mrs.  P.  S.  Slevin. 
The  reports  from  the  several  local  Leagues, 
were  all  of  about  the  same  tenor — that  when 
the   Crusade    began,    mucli    enthusiasm    was 


manifested,  which  steadily  waned,  the  Leagues 
as  steadily  decreasing  in  membership  and 
activitj' ;  while  the  zeal  and  determination  of 
those  who  remained  were  j^et  strong.  Especial 
stress  was  placed  upon  that  as  Woman's  spe- 
cial work,  and  as  removed  from  politics.  The 
Convention  was  addressed  by  Eev.  C.  D. 
Morris,  of  Toledo;  and  Eev.  Dr.  Byers,  of 
Columbus.  Resolutions  were  adopted  oppos- 
ing all  plans  for  licensing  the  sale  of  liquors; 
in  favor  of  whatever  laws  would  restrict  such 
traffic;  recommending  the  establishment  of 
Friendly  Inns  and  other  places  of  entertain- 
ment and  social  resort  se|jarate  from  the  liquor 
traffic;  opposing  the  social  use  of  wines  and 
other  intoxicating  liquors;  and  declaring  full 
trust  in  God's  favor,  as  the  only  assurance  for 
the  success  of  the  cause. 

WOMEN'S  CHRISTIAN   TEMPERANCE  UNION. 

A  notable  movement  in  support  of  total  ab- 
stinence from  the  use  of  intoxicating  liquors  as 
a  beverage,  occurred  in  Toledo  during  the 
Winter  of  1873-4.  It  was  carried  forward 
mainly  by  resident  friends  of  the  cause,  com- 
prising those  of  both  sexes.  Large  numbers  of 
pledges  were  obtained,  and  active  work  main- 
tained through  several  months.  A  large  num- 
ber of  women  were  actively  engaged  in  the 
movement,  and  for  the  purjjose  of  more  effec- 
tive organization,  a  meeting  of  these  was  held 
March  18,  1874,  when  the  "Women's  Temper- 
ance League  of  Toledo  "  was  organized,  with  a 
constitution  and  pledge.  The  pledge  was  as 
follows  : 

We,  citizens  of  Toledo,  desirous  of  aiding  in  the 
cause  of  Temperance,  and  believing  fully  in  the  wil- 
lingness and  power  of  Almighty  God  to  answer 
prayer,  do  solemnly  promise,  b)'  His  help,  not  to 
make,  buy,  sell,  use,  furnish  or  cause  to  be  furnished 
to  others,  as  a  beverage,  any  intoxicating  liquor,  dis- 
tilled, malt  or  vinous.  Neither  will  we  lease  our 
property  for  such  purposes,  by  agent  or  otherwise; 
and  we  will  do  all  in  our  power  to  banish  the  use  of 
intoxicating  liquors  in  our  land,  and  to  advance  the 
cause  of  Temperance. 

Officers  were  chosen  as  follows: 

President— Mrs.  George  E.  Pomeroy  ;  Vice  Presi- 
dents— Mesdames  P.  S.  JJonelson,  D.  N.  Trowbridge, 
S.  M.  Snydam.  L.  A.  Campbell,  A.  M.  Corey,  Ralph 
Tarbox.  J.  C.  Lee.  Luther  Whitney.  Charles  Coch- 
ran, D.  F.  DeWqlf.  A.  D.  Jones. 

Subsequentl}-,  this  organization  was  changed 
in  some  jiarticulars,  and  taking  the  name  of  the 
"Women's  Christian  Temperance  L^nion  of 
Toledo,"  continued  the  work.  In  November, 
1877,  during  the  progress   of  public    meetings 

under  the    direction    of  Mr.  Murphy,  of 

Pennsylvania,  a  meeting  of  ladies  of  Toledo 
was  held  (December  1st),  for  the  purpose  of  es- 
tablishing a  Temperance  Pestaurant  in  the 
City,  the  result  of  which  was  the  formal  open- 
ing of  what  was  known  as  a  "  Friendly  Inn," 


TTTE   TEMPERANCE  CAUSE. 


723 


December  11th,  at  the  Northeast  corner  of 
Madison  and  St.  Clair  Streets,  in  a  building 
formerly  the  residence  of  I^aniol  O.  Morton, 
but  more  recently  known  as  the  "  St.  Elmo,"  a 
place  for  the  sale  of  liquors.  On  that  occasion 
refreshments,  contributed  by  ladies  of  the 
City,  were  served  by  Mesdames  E.  Bateman, 
E.  M.  Hawley,  C.  H.  Buck,  Orlin  Phelps,  J.  W. 
Hiett,  James  H.  Hamilton,  .T.  T.  Greer,  Alfred 
Wilkin,  Laura  J.  Mattocks,  Rev.  Dr.  Jones  and 
—  Southland.  The  plan  adopted  contemplated 
material  dependence  on  donations  for  thetable 
of  the  Inn. 

The  establishment  commenced  business  the 
following  day  at  the  place  named,  with  the  fol- 
lowing bill  of  fare  :  Beef  Soup,  2  cents  ;  Bean 
Soup,  2  cents;  Vegetable  Soup,  2  cents;  Baked 
Beans  and  Pork,  per  plate,  3  cents;  Coffee,  per 
cup,  Scents;  Tea,  per  cup,  2  cents;  Potatoes, 
each,  1  cent;  Bread  and  Butter,  per  slice,  1 
cent ;  Beef,  per  slice,  2  cents ;  Crackers,  2  cents. 
The  Inn  was  successful  from  the  start,  and  so 
much  so,  that  within  GO  days  the  receipts  were 
found  sufficient  to  meet  current  expenses,  and 
ere  long  to  leave  a  balance  on  hand.  The  Inn 
was  removed  to  365  St.  Clair  Place,  near  Cherry 
Street,  whence  it*  was  taken  to  53  Summit 
Street,  where  it  was  continued  until  1887,  in 
operation  as  a  popular  resort  for  large  numbers 
of  customers  from  different  classes  of  citizens, 
and  with  many  casual  visitors  from  the  country 
and  neighboring  Towns.  The  controlling  con- 
sideration in  the  establishment  of  the  Inn,  was 
to  furnish  an  eating  place  which  should  be  en- 
tirely disconnected  from  sale  of  intoxicating 
liquors — a  desideratum  then  not  to  be  found  in 
Toledo.  The  result  was  not  only  to  furnish 
one  such  place  but  to  open  the  way  for  some 
half-dozen  others  of  the  same  kind,  all  which 
seem  to  be  successful.  For  a  long  time  the 
table  of  the  Inn  was  served  largely  by  mem- 
bers of  the  Union,  while  all  its  operations  were 
under  the  management  of  the  officers  of  that 
organization.  Beside  this  establishment,  the 
Union  carried  forward  different  branches  of 
Religious  and  Temperance  woi'k,  including 
regular  Sunday  visits  to  prisoners  in  the  County 
Jail. 

In  1881,  under  the  auspices  of  this  Union, 
nine  like  organizations  were  formed  within  the 
County ;  while  funds  were  provided  for  prose- 
cuting the  same  work  in  other  Counties  ;  for 
aiding  the  National  Union,  the  State  Union,  Re- 
formatory Prison  work  in  the  State,  the  work 
in  the  South  and  other  kindred  objects.  Some 
years  ago,  the  Union,  co-operating  with  other 
friends  of  fallen  humanity,  took  earnest  action 
towards  the  establishment  of  a  Retreat  for  Err- 
ing Women,  contributing  to  such  purpose  the 
sum  of  $500.  As  a  result  of  such  action,  a  Re- 
treat was  opened,  the  privileges  of  which  have 
been  enjoyed  by  a  goodly  number  of  the  class 
referred  to. 

The  chief  object  of  the  Inn    having  become 


well  supplied  through  other  eating-places  with- 
out intoxicating  liquors,  that  establishment  was 
closed  in  1887.  The  general  work  of  the 
Union,  however,  is  still  maintained,  the  officers 
for  1888  being  as  follows  : 

President — Mrs.  Laura  Fralick;  Secretary— Mrs. 
W.  H.  Kicli ;  Treasurer — Mrs.  Franklin  Hubbard. 

LUCAS    COUNTY  WOMEN'S  CHRISTIAN  TEM- 
PERANCE UNION. 

During  the  Spring  of  1881,  was  organized  at 
Sylvania,  the  Lucas  County  Women's  Chris- 
tian Temperance  Union.  Mrs.  Josephine  Mar- 
lett,  who  was  largely  instrumental  in  organiz- 
ing the  several  local  Unions  in  the  County,  was 
made  the  President,  with  Mrs.  Rev.  S.  L. 
Beilei',  of  Toledo,  as  Secretary  and  Treasurer. 
The  chief  object  of  the  Count)-  organization, 
has  been  to  disseminate  and  strengthen  Tem- 
perance sentiment  through  lecturers  and  litera- 
ture, with  such  special  work  as  occasions  may 
suggest.  Thus  this  Union  in  18S3  was  active 
in  support  of  the  proposed  Second  Amendment 
to  the  State  Constitution,  prohibiting  the 
manufacture  and  sale  of  intoxicating  liquors 
within  the  State.;  and  subsequently  for  secur- 
ing Scientific  Temperance  instruction  in  the 
Public  Schools.  In  the  promotion  of  these  ob- 
jects not  less  than  ?1,100  has  been  raised. 

The  present  officers  of  the  County  Union 
are  as  follows : 

President,  Mr.s.  L.  F.  Eck  ;  Secretary,  Mrs.  Fannie 
Baird  ;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Mary  D.  (-'liapman  ;  Vice 
Presidents,  Mrs.  Lucina  Haskins,  Mrs.  .lulia  Lathrop, 
Mrs.  Eleanor  J.  Scott,  Mrs.  A.  Fairchild,  Miss  Norma 
Wynn,  Mrs.  S.  A,  Hovey,  Mrs.  E.  A.  Wanl,  Jlrs.  D. 
N.  Trowbridge,  Mrs.  Lois  Perrin,  Mrs.  Harriet  John- 
son. 

YOUNG   WOMEN'S  CHRISTIAN  TEMPERANCE 
UNION. 

In  April,  1887,  was  organized  in  Toledo,  an 
association  of  young  ladies,  known  as  the 
Young  Women's  Christian  Temperance  Union. 
This  was  done  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Women's  Christian  Temperance  Union.  Its 
officers  are  as  follows:  President,  Kate 
Hubbard  :  Recording  Seci'ctary,  Linda  Rick- 
ards  ;  Treasurer,  Daisy  Knights ;  Correspond- 
ing Secretar}-,  Bessie  Mctiaw.  The  object  of 
this  Union  is  to  promote  a  strong  Temperance 
sentiment  among  the  young  people  of  Toledo. 
Its  badge  consists  of  a  white  ribbon.  It  has 
now  41  members. 

One  branch  of  the  Union's  work  is  the 
Flower  Mission,  by  which  large  numbers  of 
bouquets,  bearing  Scripture  texts,  were  dis- 
tributed at  the  different  charitahle  institutions 
and  given  to  the  sick  in  families.  In  the  Win- 
ter season,  the  needy  are  remembered  in  niDi'e 
substantial  ways. 

Another  branch  of  the  Union's  work  is  the 
Juvenile  Temperance  Band,  composed  of  a, 
younger  class,  which  so  far  is  successful. 


724 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


RETREAT  MISSION. 

In  1883,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Toledo 
Women's  Christian  Temperance  Union,  was 
organized  the  Eetreat  Mission.  Its  object  is  to 
oft'er  temporary  home  to  erring  women  and  girls 
who  may  wish  to  reform  and  return  to  a  vir- 
tuous life  ;  and  also,  so  ftir  as  may  be  practica- 
ble, to  secure  homes  and  employment,  whereby 
such  may  gain  an  honest  living.  The  first  lo- 
cation of  the  Eetreat  was  on  Broadway.  The 
Women's  Christian  Temperance  Union  sup- 
plied means  for  rent  and  Mati-on's  salary. 
Different  Churches  furnished  a  room  each  with 
necessary  furniture,  and  many  citizens  contrib- 
uted additional  articles;  table  supplies  being 
obtained  by  private  solicitation.  During  the 
first  jear  21  inmates  were  cared  for.  In  March, 
1884,  the  City  donated  two  and  one-half  acres 
of  land,  on  which  it  is  proposed  this  year  (1888) 
to  erect  a  suitable  building  for  the  Institution. 
In  1886  the  Legislature  provided  that  a  portion 
of  the  Police  and  State  fines  be  set  apart  for 
the  support  of  the  same.  The  present  location 
is  on  Indiana  Avenue,  under  charge  of  Mrs.  — 
Mulford,  as  Matron.  The  average  number  of 
inmates  from  the  start  has  been  20  per  year. 
The  importance  of  the  work  has  increased  in 
the  judgment  of  the  friends  of  the  enterprise. 
Many  infants  born  in  the  Retreat  or  received 
there,  have  been  cared  for. 

The  first  officers  of  the  Retreat  were  : 

President,  Mrs.  Anna  Potter ;  Vice  Presidents, 
Mrs.  Mary  M.  MoGaw  and  Mrs.  Clara  Bond;  Secre- 
tary, INIrs.  JIary  Wilmington  ;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Mary 
Howell.  Board  of  Managers— Mesdames  C-  C.  Doo- 
little,  McGaw,  Potter,  George  E.  Pomeroy,  Sr.,  Geo. 
Stebbins,  Orlin  Phelps,  P.  Campbell,  M.  E.  Hiett,  At- 
■n-ill,  Eck,  Wagner,  P.  Buck,  M.  Howell,  Frey,  M.  T. 
Davis,  O.  S.  Bond,  F.  Chapman,  Schaflf,  Bishop,  Dr. 
Bigelow,  McCabe,  Dr.  Chesebro,  Kline,  Tollerton,  J. 
M.  Wheeler,  Charles  Whitaker  and  William  Wil- 
mington, and  Misses  Emily  Raymond  and  H.  O.  Hall. 

The  otHcers  for  ISHS  are :  President,  Mrs.  Anna 
Potter ;  Vice  Presidents,  Mrs.  E.  Brigham  and  Mrs. 
Sarah  Swigart;  Secretary,  Mrs.  Mary  E.  Hiett;  Treas- 
urer. Mrs.  E.  tiamilton.  Trustees,  Mrs.  Potter,  Mrs. 
T.  S.  Merrell,  Miss  E.  J.  Raymond,  Mrs.  E.  R.  Atwill,' 
Mrs.  Hamilton,  Mrs.  Swigart,  Mrs.  0.  D.  Marsh,  Mrs. 
Mary  E.  Hiett  and  Mrs.  Brigham. 

SUPPRESSION   OF  VICE. 

In  the  Fall  of  1880,  was  organized  in  Toledo 
a  Society  for  the  Suppression  of  Vice,  designed 
largely  as  auxiliary  to  a  like  organization  in 
New  York.  The  officers  of  the  Toledo  Society 
were : 

President,  H.  S.  Walbridge;  Vice  President, 
Franklin  Hubbard  ;  Secretary,  Frank  J.  Hoag;  Treas- 
urer, James  Blass ;  Directors,  AV.  J.  Cooke,  A.  E. 
Rood,  Geo.  Milmine,  L.  S.  Baumgardner,  Robert 
Cummings,  C.  H.  Eddy,  Theo.  J.  Brown,  Charles 
Pratt,  Clark  AVaggoner,  C.  W.Bond,  Thos.  A'anstone, 
N.  M.  Howard. 

The  membership  of  the  Society  was  made 
up  from  the  most  intelligent  and  useful  citizens 
of  Toledo.     A  chief  object  of  the  organization 


was  the  suppression  of  indecent  literature,  then 
specially  prevalent  in  various  forms.  During 
the  first  15  months  of  the  parent  Society,  its  offi- 
cers seized  50,000  obscene  circulars,  advertising 
vile  pictures  and  books,  of  which  1,300  were 
addressed  to  young  ladies  in  Toledo  and  other 
parts  of  Lucas  County.  Eight  parties  guilty  in 
such  connection  were  arrested,  of  whom  seven 
pleaded  guilty.  One  thousand  obscene  photo- 
graphs were  seized,  and  75  photographic  nega- 
tives for  painting  the  same.  Beside  these  417 
vile  books  had  been  seized  and  destroyed, 
while  a  class  of  men  calling  themselves  "  Doc- 
tors," were  prosecuted  for  distributing  litera- 
ture calculated  to  promote  immorality  and 
crime.  In  other  ways  were  steps  taken  for  the 
exposure  and  j^unishment  of  vice  in  different 
forms. 

In  view  of  special  prevalence  of  licentious- 
ness then  in  Toledo,  this  Society  in  January, 
1881,  directed  its  attention  to  that  form  of 
vice;  and  to  that  end,  took  measures  for  more 
adequate  enforcement  of  the  law  against  pros- 
titution. The  result  of  such  action  was  the 
development  of  facts  fully  justifying  the  gen- 
eral alarm  from  that  form  of  evil.  A  few 
arrests  were  made  and  prdbf  adduced  ;  but  a 
combination  of  influences  which  the  Society 
was  unable  to  overcome,  proved  sufficient  to 
prevent  conviction  of  the  guilty,  and  the  move- 
ment was  necessarily  given  np.  The  result  of 
such  outcome  was  early  suspension  of  action 
by  the  Society. 

SUNDAY  LAW  AND  ORDER  LEAGUE. 

On  the  22d  February,  1886,  a  meeting  of 
clerical  and  lay  representatives  of  some  20  dif- 
ferent Churches  of  Toledo,  was  held,  at  which 
was  organized  a  Sunday  Law  and  Order 
League,  having  for  its  object  a  general  effort 
to  promote  a  proper  observance  of  Sunday, 
under  the  laws  of  the  State,  andtobe  auxiliary 
to  the  International  Sabbath  Association.  The 
officers  were  to  be  laymen.  Officers  were 
chosen  as  follows  :  President,  S.  R.  Maclaren  ; 
Recording  Secretary,  M.  C.  Warn;  Correspond- 
ing Secretary,  John  Farley ;  Treasurer,  C.  H. 
Whitaker. 

The  attention  of  the  League  was  first 
directed  to  enforcement  of  the  State  and  City 
laws  for  the  closing  of  drinking  places  on  Sun- 
day, in  which,  with  the  co-operation  of  the 
press  and  citizens  generally,  it  was  largely, 
though  not  whollj',  successful.  Subsequently, 
attention  was  given  to  other  and  kindred  mat- 
ters, including  gambling  and  the  unlawful  sale 
of  liquors  on  the  Tri-State  Fairgrounds,  near 
the  City.  The  results  of  the  League's  labors 
have  been  such  as  to  encourage  effoi't  for  the 
object  of  its  creation. 

The  officers  of  the  League  for  1887,  were : 
James  Blass,  President ;  Recording  Secretary, 
Wm.  H.  Bishop;  Corresponding  Secretary, 
Homer  Hood  ;    Treasurer,  C.  H.  Whitaker. 


CHAPTER    II. 


SKCEET    SOCIETIKS. 


MASONIC   RECORDS. 

TOLEDO  LODOE,  NO.  144. 

Organized  January  1,  1847.  Charter  mem- 
bers :  Levi  S.  Lownsbury,  Robert  H.  Tim- 
pany,  Jacob  Landman,  Kobert  N.  Lawton, 
Daniel  McBain,  Henry  W.  Goettel,  Thomas  D. 
Thomas,  Tlioma.s  S.  Haskins,  Thomas  Dunlap, 
Myron  H.  Tilden,  Jerome  Myers,  Abel  W. 
Fairbanks,  and  David  Plough. 

First  Officers  :  W.  M.,  Levi  S.  Lownsbury ;  S. 
W.,  Daniel  McBain  ;  J.  W.,  Thomas  D.  Thomas  ; 
Treas.,  H.  W.,  Goettel  ;  Secretary,  J.  Landman. 

The  following  have  since  been  Masters  of 
the  Lodge  ;  Daniel  McBain,  E.  B.  Dodd,  E. 
H.  Timpany,  Andrew  J.  Field,  Denison  Steele, 
Alex.  H.  Newcomb,  Eeuben  C.  Lemmon,  E.  R. 
Finch,  Cbas.  M.Lang,  John  C.  Romeis,  Albion 
E.  Lang,  Wm.  D.  Burgess,  John  M.  McKee  and 
Wm.  Beatty. 

Present  Oificers  (1887) :  W.  M..  Henrv  Barfield  ; 
S.  W..  Chas.  T.  Lewis  ;  J.  W.,  John  H.  Lloyd  ;  Treas- 
urer, Ira  A.  Richardson  ;  Secretary.  James  1).  Kni<;ht ; 
S.  D.,  S.  8.  Walker;  J.  D.,  Frank  H.  Tanner  ;  Tyler, 
Richard  Tapper. 

RUBICON- LODGE,    NO.  2:^7. 

Organized  January  31,  1853.  Charter  mem- 
bers :  Robert  11.  Timpany,  Ezra  Bliss,  Thomas 
Dunlap,  Hez.  L.  Hosmer,  John  Kaufman, 
Wm.  H.  Hall,  Willard  \Y.  Howe,  and  Jas.  Love. 

First  Ofticers  :  W.  M.,  R.  H.  Timpany  ;  S.  W., 
Ezra  Bliss  ;  J.  W.,  Tnomas  Dunlap ;  Treasurer,  John 
Kaufman  ;  Secretary,  Hez.  L.  Hosmi^r. 

The  following  have  since  held  the  office  of 
Worshipful  Master :  Hezekiah  L.  Hosmer, 
Thomas  Dunlap,  John  W.  Mclvim,  Ransom  E. 
Richards,  David  P.  Chamberliu,  Wm.  K.  Man- 
deville,  Leauder  Burdick,  Henry  P.  Fowler, 
Merton  C.  Robinson,  Graff  M.  Acklin,  Wm.  C. 
Cheney. 

Present  Officers  (1SS7):  W.  M.,  Mert.  C.  Robin- 
son ;  S.  W.,  Harry  C.  Cotter  ;  J.  W.,  Frank  L.  Greg- 
ory ;  Chaplain,  J.  Cooper  Price;  Treasurer,  John  J . 
Barker  ;  Secretary,  Jerome  H.  Russell ;  S.  D.,  .1.  M. 
Bessey  ;  J.  D.,  Geo.  U.  Roulet. 

SANFORD    L.    COLLINS    LODGE,    NO.    3i)6. 

Organized  August  8,  1867.  Charter  mem- 
bers: John  Stevens,  John  B.  Carson,  Wm.  H. 
Smith,  Josiah  D.  Cook,  E.  B.  Searles,  Robert  XJ. 
Bowes,  Herman  C.  Hahn,  Jesse  S.  Norton. 
Chas.  B.  Benedict,  Louis  H.  Pike,  Chas.  C. 
Miller,  Harry  Haynes,  John  R.  Miner,  Edward 
C.  Smith,  Joiin  G.  Norton,  William  T.  Walker, 
David  R.    Austin,    Wm.    B.     Welle.s,    Geo.   E. 

[7 


Welles,  Robert  Crum,  Dan.  A.  Collins,  John 
W.  Bond,  William  W.  Jones,  James  11.  Beattj-, 
Allen  T.  Babbitt,  Henry  J.  Cliase  and  Daniel 
F.  DeWolf. 

First  Officers :  W.  M.,  John  G.  Norton;  8.  W., 
Louis  H.  Pike  ;  J.  W.,  David  K.  Austin;  Treasurer, 
.Tohn  Stevens  ;  Secretary,  C.  B.  Benedict. 

Masters  since  organization  ;  Louis  H.  Pike, 
George  E.  Welles,  Jerome  L.  Stratton,  Charles 
T.  Wales,  Sam.  H.  Austin,  Edward  T.  Waite, 
John  Paul  .lones,  LaFayette  Lyttlo,  Barton 
Smith. 

Pressent  Officers  (1887):  W.  M.,  Walter  A.  Hodge; 
S.  W.,  Joseph  M.  Spencer;  J.  W.,  Jesse  Norton; 
Chaplain,  Chas.  T.  Stout ;  Treasurer,  William  T. 
Walker;  Secretary,  David  D.  Sheldon  ;  S.  D.,  Arthur 
P.  Crane  ;  J.  D.,  Latimer  Thompson. 

COLLINGWOOD    LODGE,  NO.  457,  TREMAINESVILLE. 

In.stituted  1871. 

Officers,  1887  :  W.  M.,  (ieorge  S.  Dixon  ;  S.  W., 
Thomas  Russell ;  J.  W.,  S.  S.  Blanchard  ;  Treasurer, 
J.  L.  Henry  ;  Secretary,  James  Van  Wormer;  S.  D., 
Wm.  H.   Southard;    J.  D.,  J.  W.  Vance:   Tyler,   S. 

B.  Kies. 

FORT    MEIGS    CHAPTER    OK    KOY.AL    ARCH    MASONS. 

Organized  at  Perrysburg,  Wood  County,  in 
1846,where  it  remained  until  abouttheyear  1850, 
when  the  gi'owing  importance  of  Toledo  being 
apparent,  and  a  Chajiter  being  needed  hero,  it 
was  deemed  best  to  remove  the  one  at  Perrys- 
burg to  Toledo.  The  early  history  is  very  ob- 
scure from  its  organization  up  to  1853,  owing  to 
the  records  having  been  destroyed  b^-  tire  soon 
after  its  removal  to  Toledo.  The  petitioners  for 
a  charter  in  1846,  were  Thomas  Clark,  H.  L. 
Hosmer,  Paul  Hawes,  Ale.x.  Anderson,  John 
Bates,  Andrew  Young,  Daniel  Knowles,  Eph- 
raim  Wood  and  L.  S.  Lownsbury. 

The  first  Officers  were  :  H.  P.,  Hezekiah  L.  Hos- 
mer ;  K.,  John  Bates;  S.,  Daniel  Knowles;  Treas- 
urer, Eph.  Wood  ;  Secretarv,  .Vndrew  Young. 

Officers,  1887 :  M.  E.  H!  P.,  Lcandfr  Burdick  ;  E. 
K.,  AlbertC.  Osborne  ;  E.  S.,  CharUs  M.  Lang  :  C.  of 
H.,  Eldred  W.  Eastell  ;  P.  8.,  Oral!  M.  AcUlin  ;  R.  A. 

C,  Lucius  A.  Chase;  G.  M.  :>i\  Veil.  George  B. 
Shultz;  G.  M.  2(1  Veil,  Clifford  Buxton;  G.  M.  1st 
Yeil,  8.  H.  Lloyd;  Treasurer,  Wm.  T.  V/alker  ;  Sec- 
retary, David  D!  Sheldon. 

TOLEDO    COUNCIL,    NO.    33,  R.    AND    S.    M. 

Instituted  1868. 

Officers,  1887:  T.  1.  M.,  Geo.  B.  Hull;  D.  M., 
Arthur  P.  Crane;  P.  C.  of  W.,  Lucius  \.  Chase; 
Treasurer,  Wni.T.  Walker;  Recorder,  David  D.  Shel- 
don ;  Capt.    of    G.,    Joseph   J.   Lloyd  ;  Cond.  of  C, 

25] 


726 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Peter  B.  Laidlaw  ;  Steward.  Clifford  Buxton  ;  Senti- 
nel, Kicluird  Tapper. 

TOLEDO    COMMANDERY    K.    T.,    NO.    7. 

Ori^anized  by  dispensation,  June  1,  1847. 
The  first  Knight  created  was  Hezekiah  L.  Hos- 
mor,  now  of  San  Francisco,  California,  who 
afterwards  was  for  many  years  its  Commander. 
A  charter  was  granted  to  this  Comraandery 
the  following  year.  The  records  from  1850  to 
1857  were  destroyed  by  fire.  A  new  charter 
was  granted  in  1859. 

The  first  Officers  elected  were  for  1848-49  :  E.  Com- 
mander, W.  L.  Harris  ;  Gen.,  H.  L.  Hosmer  ;  Capt. 
Gen.,  D.  H.  Wheeler;  Prelate,  L.  S.  Lownsbury ; 
S.  Warden,  W.  H.  Newton  ;  J.  Warden.  Daniel  SeguV ; 
Treasurer,  W.  J.  Daniels;  Recorder,  Henry  Bennett  ; 
S.  Bearer,  Thomas  Clarke  ;  Sw.  Bearer,  Benj.  Joy  ; 
Warden,  W.  W.  Wniter ;  Sentinel,  F.  Corlett. 

Officers  lor  1887  ;  E.  Commander,  Barton  Smith  ; 
Generalissimo,  George  B.  Hull;  L'apt.  Gen.,  John 
V.  Shoemaker  ;  Prelate,  J.  Cooper  Price ;  Sen. 
Warden,  Clarence  E.  Armstrong;  .Tunior  War- 
den, Charles  T.  Lewis ;  Treasurer,  John  Daiber ; 
Recorder,  James  D.  Knights ;  Standard  Bearer,  Jos. 
iM.  Spencer  ;  Sword  Bearer,  A.  C.  Osborne  ;  Warden, 
Frank  R.  Williams. 

SCOTTISH    RITE    MASONS. 

The  three  bodies  of  Scottish  Eite  Masons  were 
organized  in  Toledo  in  the  years  1880  and  1881. 
The  charter  members  were:  C.  E.  Bliven,  R. 
H.  Warriner,  D.  P.  Cliamberlin,  W.  C.  Cheney, 
J.  C.  Price,  G.  W.  Hart,  E.  H.  Norton,  Albert 
Moore,  L.  Burdick,  H.  Haynes,  II.  H.  Queen, 
D.  R.  Austin,  W.  T.  Walker,  li.  W.  Bigelow, 
H.  M.  Schnetzler,  W.  W.  Ainsworth,  E.  T. 
Waite,  R.  C.  Lemmon,  C.  E.  Armstrong,  J.  P. 
Jones,  Elmer  T.  Martin,  C.  R.  Messinger,  D.J. 
Caine. 

MIAMI  GRAND  LODGE  OF  PERFECTION, 

Scottish  Rite  Masons.     Chartered  1880. 

Officers,  1887 :  T.  P.  G.  M.,  Barton  Smith,  32°  ; 
H.  of  T.  G.  M.,  Lafayette  Lvttle,  32°;  V.  S.  G.. 
W.,  J.  A.  Stipp,  32°;  V.  J.'G.  W.,  Daniel  J. 
Caine,  32°;  G.  Treasurer,  Geo.  W.  Hart,  33°;  G.  Sec, 
Merwin  Jackson,  32°;  U.M.  of  C,  Joseph  M.  Spencer, 
32°;  G.  C.  of  G.,  E.  L.  Southard,  32°;  G.  O.,  E.  M. 
Colver,  32°;  G.  H.  B.,  W.  C.  Chenev,  32°;  G.  Tvler, 
Kichard  Tapper,  18°. 

NORTHERN    LIGHT   COUNCIL,    PRINCES   OF  JERUS.^LEM. 

Chartered  September  20,  1881 . 

M.  E.  S.  P.  G.  M.— C.  E.  Armstrong,  32°. 

G   H.  P.  D.  G.  M.— J.  C.  Price,  32°. 

M.  E.  S.  G.  W.— Harrv  Haynes,  32°. 

M.E.J.  G.  W.-A.  CCsborne,   .32°. 

V.  G.  Treas.— tieorge  W.  Hart,   33°. 

V.  G.  Sec— Merwin  Jackson,  32°. 

V.  6.  M.  of  C. -Joseph  M.  Spencer,  32°. 

V.  G.  A.— W.  W.  Ainsworth,  32°. 

Y.  G.  M.  of  E.— Sebre  H.  Waring,  32°. 

G.  Tyler— Richard  Tapper,  18°. 

FORT   INDUSTRY    CHAPTER,    ROSE-CROIS,    DE    H.    R.    D.    M. 

Chartered  September  20,  1881. 

M.  W  and  P.  M.— Henry  VV.  Bigelow,  33°. 
M.  E.  and  P.  K.  S.  W.— Daniel  J.  Caine,  32°. 


M.  E.  and  P.  K.  J.  W.— John  V.  Shoemaker,  32°. 
R.  and  P.  K.  O.-Wm.  K.  Boone,  32°. 
R.  P.  K.  Treas.— George  W.  Hart,  33°. 
R.  and  P.  K.  Sec— Merwin  Jackson,  32°. 
R.P.  K.  M.  of  C— J.  Cooper  Price,  32°. 
R.  and  P.  K.  C.  of  G.— Lewis  J.  Seek,  32°. 
G.  Tyler— Richard  Tapper,  18°. 

.MASONIC    EXECUTIVE    BOARD. 

Organized  December  1,  1867.  It  consists  of 
one  representative  from  each  Masonic  Body 
in  the  City,  and  has  full  charge  of  the  general 
and  joint  expenses  of  the  several  bodies.  The 
Board  for  1887,  consisted  of: 

Toledo  Lodge — John  C.  Romeis. 
Rubicon  Lodge -H.  P.  Fowler. 
S.  L.  Collins  Lodge — A.  C.  O.sborne. 
Fort  Meigs  Chapter -Ira  A.  Richardson. 
Toledo  Commandery -H.  C.  Cotter. 
A.  A.  Rite— G.  W.  Hart. 

They  receive  and  disburse  about  $2,500  per 
yoav. 

JOINT     CHARITY    CO.MMITTEE,    1887. 

Toledo  Lodge  — Gustave  Herman. 

Rubicon  Lodge — .James  Draper. 

S.  L.  Collins  Lodge— Charles  M.  Montgomery. 

TOLEDO    MASONIC    MONUMENT  ASSOCIATION. 

This  body  was  organized  in  1871,  and  pur- 
chased grounds  in  Forest  Cemetery  for  the 
interment  of  poor  and  stranger  Masons,  who 
might  chance  to  die  in  Toledo.  Mainly  through 
the  exertions  of  R.  E.  Richards,  Secretary  and 
Treasurer  of  the  Board,  the  sum  of  81,000  was 
raised,  with  which,  in  1876,  a  fine  monument 
was  erected  upon  the  lot.  The  property  is 
under  control  of  a  Board,  consisting  of  the 
Masters  of  the  Citj-  Lodges. 

N.   W.  O.  MASONIC    RELIEF    ASSOCIATION. 

Organized  April  22,  1871. 

First  Officers:  President— C.  H.  Swain;  Vice 
President— R.  U.  Bowes;  Secretary  and  Treasurer — 
R.  E.  Richard. 

Officers  for  188*  :  President,  W.  T.  Walker;  Vice 
President,  Ira  A.  Richardson  ;  Secretary,  W.  W. 
Alcorn  ;  Treasurer,  Lean<ler  Burdick. 

MUTUAL       BENEFIT      ASSOCI.\TION      FOR      MASONs' 
WIVES. 

Organized  March  28,  1878. 

First  Officers  :  President,  D.  P.  Chamberlin  ;  Vice 
President,  D.  R.  Austin  ;  Secretary  and  Treasurer, 
R.  E.  Richards. 

Officers  for  1887:  President,  Mrs.  Martha  J. 
Thurstin  ;  Vice  President,  Mrs.  E.  Couldwell ;  Secre- 
tary and  Treasurer,  Alex.  H.  Newcomb ;  Medical 
Examiner,  H.  M.  Schnetzler. 

TOLEDO    MASONIC    TEMPLE    ASSOCIATION. 

Organized  under  charter,  February,  1868. 
Authorized  capital,  1100,000.  Incorporators— 
R.  C.  Lemmon,  L.  H.  Pike,  D.  R.  Austin,  S.  L. 
Collins,  John  G.  Norton,  D.  P.  Chamberlin, 
John  Stevens,  Leander  Burdick,  W.  "W.  Bolles, 


Cf-yt^uc^^ 


SECRET  SOCIETIES. 


727 


W.  W.  Jones,   C.  H.  Swain,    A.  H.  Newcomb, 
E.  E.  Finch,  John  Sinclair,  and  Denison  Steele. 

First  Officers :  President,  John  B.  Carson  ;  Vice 
President,  R.  C.  Ijenmion  ;  Treasurer, Wni.  H.  Smith  ; 
Secretary,  Leander  Burdick.  Mr.  Biirdick  acted  as 
Secretary  until  succeeded  in  18S1  by  iviinsoni  E. 
Richards,  who  held  the  positicin  until  his  death  in 
188(1,  when  W.  T.  Wallcer  was  appointed. 

The  Officers  for  1880  were  as  follows;  I'resideut, 
R.  C.  Lemmon  ;  Vice  President.  Leander  Burdick  ; 
Treasurer,  J.  J.  Barker;  Secretary,  W.  T.  Walker. 
Directors:  R.  C.  Lemmon,  W.  T.  Walker  C.  A.  King, 
W.  W.  Jones,  L.  Burdick,  J.  J.  Barker,  D.  P.  Cham- 
berlin,  G.  M.  Acklin,  A.  H.  Newcomb.  Finance 
Committee  :  A.  H.  Newcomb,  G.  M.  Acklin,  L.  Bur- 
dick. 

GRAND    LECTUREKS — THIRD    DISTRICT. 

This  District  comprises  the  Counties  of  Lucas, 
Fulton,  Williams,  Paulding,  Van  Wert,  Defi- 
ance, Henry,  Allen,  Wood,  Ottawa,  Sandusky, 
Putnam,  Hancock,  Seneca  and  Wyandotte. 
A.  H.  Newcomb  was  Grand  Lecturer  from 
1857  to  1869;  R.  C.  Lemmon  from  1869  to 
1875;  and  R.  E.  Richards  from  the  latter  date 
until  his  death,  in  1886. 


RANSOM  ERASTUS  RICHARDS  was  born 
in  Cauadice,  Ontario  County,  New  York, 
October  13,  1833.  He  was  a  sou  of  William 
and  Eliza  (Davis)  Richards,  whose  families  ai-e 
traced  to  the  Piln-rim  Fathers,  and  were 
natives  of  Connecticut.  The  son's  early  life 
was  associated  with  the  beautiful  sceneiy  of  the 
"  Genesee  Country,"  which  ever  had  a  strong 
hold  on  his  memory.  His  mother  died  when 
he  was  four  _years  old,  the  place  ore  long  beifig 
sujjplied  by  a  faithful  successor  in  charge  of 
the  household.  In  February,  1842,  the  family 
removed  to  Ohio,  the  journej'  being  made  in  a 
covered  wagon,  drawn  bj'  four  horses.  They 
settled  in  the  Township  of  Chesterfield,  then 
Lucas,  now  Fulton  County,  where  the  ensuing 
10  years  were  spent  amid  the  toils,  hardships 
and  joys  incident  to  the  reduction  of  the 
wilderness  to  fruitful  fields,  in  all  of  which 
the  son  bore  his  full  share,  contributing  to  the 
severe  labor  thus  demanded  the  full  measure 
of  a  pioneer  Boj'.  Toledo  was  the  nearest 
market,  where  also,  was  the  nearest  Grist-Mill 
(Raymond's),  to  which  Ransom  took  the  "grist," 
the  round  trip  occupying  four  daj-s.  Early  in 
life  he  evinced  a  decided  taste  for  iiterar}-  work, 
and  while  yet  a  boj'  wrote  creditable  articles. 
School  privileges  were  then  small.  Beside  the 
usual  District  accommodations,  he  attended  a 
School  at  Sj'lvania  during  1850-51,  taught  by 
Mr.  A.  B.  West  (yet  a  resident  otthat  Township), 
where  he  made  good  use  of  his  opportunity, 
delivering  the  valedictoiy  at  the  close  of  the 
term.  His  first  published  production,  a  prose 
sketch,  entitled  "A  Golden  Sunset,"  appeared 
in  the  Perrysburg  Star;  and  his  first  poem 
("The  Western  Wilds")  in   the  Toledo  Repub- 


lican. In  1851,  his  father  thought  best  to  re- 
move nearer  to  market,  and  purcliased  160  acres 
of  land  in  the  vicinity' of  Toledo,  which  proved 
a  judicious  movement.  When  19  years  of  age 
(in  1852),  in  accordance  with  his  long-chcrisiied 
plan,  but  against  his  father's  advice,  Ransom 
became  an  a])i)rcntice  in  the  office  of  the  To- 
ledo ('omiiwrciid- h'epiililicii n,  then  ])ublished  by 
James  Myei-s  and  Josiah  Riley,  his  lime  being 
divided  between  type-setting  and  the  outside 
business  of  the  establishment.  Before  the  clo.se 
of  the  first  3ear,  his  health  became  imjiaired, 
obliging  him  to  relinquish  work.  While  in  the 
office,  fie  did  something  as  reporter  for  the 
paper,  and  copied  the  Telegraph  re)iort8  as 
read  to  him  by  the  Operator.  While  there  he 
was  associated  with  Charles  F.  Browne 
("  Artemus  Ward ")  and  Charles  R.  Den- 
nett, both  since  widely  known.  In  the 
Sjiring  of  1853  he  became  connected  with 
the  Toledo  Blade,  as  Local  and  Commer- 
cial Reporter;  but  ill  health  compelled  a 
change  of  emploj'ment  and  climate,  when  he 
went  to  Mackinaw,  there  engaging  as  clerk  in 
the  store  of  Fred.  Hoyt.  Returning  to  Toledo 
he  resumed  his  former  connection  with  the 
Blade,  then  conducted  b}'  Joseph  R.  Williams, 
but  ere  long  was  forced  finally  to  abandon  his 
favorite  work,  save,  as  in  subsequent  years,  he 
contributed  letters  and  articles  for  the  ])re8S. 
In  1855  he  prepared  and  published  a  Business 
Director3-  of  'Toledo.  Subsequently,  he  en- 
gaged in  Agriculture  on  a  40-acre  farm,  now 
adjoining  Woodlawn  Cemetery,  where  he  con- 
tinued until  1876.  He  then  removed  to  45 
Parkwood  Avenue,  where  he  died.  From  1867 
to  1871  he  devoted  some  attention  to  real 
estate.  It  was  as  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
Order,  that  Mr.  Richards  became  most  widely 
known.  Probably  no  one  was  more  active  in 
that  direction  than  was  he.  Initiated  Decem- 
ber 20,  1858,  as  a  member  of  Rubicon  Lodge, 
No.  237,  Toledo,  he  passed  to  the  degree  of 
Fellow  Craft,  January  10,  1859  ;  was  raised  to 
Sublime  Degree  of  Master  Mason  on  the  29th 
same  month;  and  was  Worshipful  Masterofthe 
Lodge  for  nine  j'cars.  He  became  a  member  of 
Fort  Meigs  Chapter  No.  2,  R.  A.  M.,  February 
13,  1866;  was  a  member  ot  Toledo  Council, 
No.  33,  R.  and  S.  M.;  and  united  with  Toledo 
Commandery,  No.  7,  Knights  Temjilar,  June 
3,  1881.  In  1871  he  was  instrumental  in  or- 
ganizing the  Northwestern  Ohio  Masonic  Re- 
lief Association  and  (with  the  e.\ception  of  one 
year)  held  the  position  of  Secretary  li-om  its 
organization  to  the  timeof  liisdeath.  He  also  was 
Grand  Lecturer  for  the  Third  District  of  Ohio, 
and  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Ma- 
sonic Temjile  Association.  He  was  Representa- 
tive of  the  Grand  Lodges  ofMis.souri  and  New 
Jersej',  and  was  Chairman  ofthe  Committeoon 
Foreign  Correspondence  for  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  Ohio  for  five  years  preceding  his  death.  In 
1870  he  published  a  valuable  history  of  Early 


728 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Masonry  in  Northwestern  Ohio.  Witli  other 
members  of  the  Knights  Templar  he  attended 
the  conclave  of  the  Grand  Commandery  of  the 
United  States  at  San  Francisco.  Beyond  the 
jurisdiction  of  Ohio,  he  was  known  to  the  Ma- 
sonic fraternity  as  the  Foreign  Correspondent 
of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Ohio,  which  position  he 
held  for  several  years,  and  in  which  he  fully 
met  the  expectations  of  all  who  had  knowledge 
of  his  service  as  shown  by  subsequent  expres- 
sions made  by  the  fraternity.  In  April,  1S8G, 
Mr.  Richards  made  a  trip  to  Florida,  when  he 
contracted  a  .severe  cold,  from  which  he  never 
recovered,  and  suddenly  died,  April  15th,  of 
apoplexy  of  the  lungs.  His  death  caused  very 
general  sorrow  among  membersof  the  Masonic 
order,  as  with  his  large  circle  of  personal  friends 
outside  that  fraternity.  The  funeral  services 
were  held  on  Sunday,  April  18th,  being  con- 
ducted by  Rubicon  Lodge,  presided  over  by 
Worshipful  Master  W.  C.  Cheney.  The  cere- 
monies were  conducted  by  Past  Grand  Wor- 
shipful Master  R.  C.  Lemmon,  assisted  by  Chap- 
lain J.  Cooper  Price.  The  large  procession 
constituted  a  fitting  testimony  to  the  good 
name  of  the  deceased.  The  fraternity  of  the 
State  was  represented  by  delegates  from  many 
sections.  The  burial  ritual  then  used  was  com- 
piled by  the  deceased.  Judge  Lemmon  and  one 
or  two  others,  and  adopted  by  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  Ohio.  The  remains  were  deposited  in 
Woodlawn  Cemetery,  on  land  once  part  of  his 
father's  farm,  and  which  when  a  boy  he  aided 
in  cultivating.  Mr.  Richards  was  married  De- 
cember 13,  1855,  with  Miss  Maryette  S.,  daugh- 
ter of  Dr.  B.  H.  Bush,  a  pioneer  Physician  of 
Lucas  County,  who,  with  three  sons,  survived 
him,  the  latter  being  Millard  F.,  born  October 
8,  1856;  Arthur  B.,  born  June  11,  1860,  was 
married  with  Miss  Marj-  Belle  Price,  October 
30,  1881,  and  died  September  25,  1887;  and 
Elmer  E.,  born  November  25,  1863,  was  mar- 
ried with  Miss  Lucy  W.  Stone,  October  14, 
1887,  at  Norwalk,  Ohio. 


MASONS-(COLORED). 

AMAZON   LODGE,    NO.  4. 

W.  M.,  John  T.  Higdon  ;  S.  W.,  A.  M.  Clements  ; 
J.  W.,  H.  Harris;  Secretary,  John  Hall ;  Treasurer, 
J.  n.  Wadkins. 

COUNCIL   OF   R.    AND    S. 

T.  111.  M.,  (vacancy);  E.  M.,  A.  King;  Recorder, 
George  Fields ;  Treasurer,  J.  E.  Moore. 

EUCLID   LODGE,    NO.  5. 

W.  M.,  George  Eemley  ;  S.  W.,  G.  W.  Escue  ;  J. 
W.,  D.  itoulton ;  Secretary,  John  Kneeland ; 
Treasurer,  George  Fields. 

MAUMEE  CHAPTER,    NO.    6,    R.    A.    M. 

H.  P.,  G.  F.  Richmond  ;  K.,  Henry  Harris  ;  Scribe, 
D.  Moulton  ;  Secretary,  0.  G.  Fields;  Treasurer,  J. 
R.  Moore. 


.ST.  John's  commandery,  no.  5,  knights  templar. 

E.  C,  John  Watkins  ;  G.  L.,  G.  W.  Escue  ;  Secre- 
tary, O.  G.  Fields  ;  Treasurer,  J.  R.  Moore. 

INDEPENDENT  ORDER  OF  ODD  FELLOWS. 

Wapaukonica  Lodge,  No.  38,  vvas  instituted 
May  19,  1845,  by  Past  Grand  Master  David 
Churchill,  of  Cincinnati.  The  charter  mem- 
bers were  C.  H.  Ludlow,  C.  G.  Keeler,  C.  A. 
King.  John  Brownlee,  HoraceSaxton,  F.  Krei- 
ger,  L.  Watkins  and  D.  B.  Smith.  The  Grand 
Master,  D.  L.  Snellbacer. 

The  tinst  Officers  were  :  L.  Watkins,  N.  G.;  C.  A. 
King,  V.  G.;  C.  G.  Keeler,  Sec;  T.  C.  llvarts,  Treas.; 
H.  Saxton,  Con.;  F.  Cruger,  O.  S.  G. 

Officers  for  the  term  ending  December,  1886  :  J.  S. 
Foster,  N.  G.;  F.  Bigelow,  V.  G.;  J.  C.  Prentiss,  R.  S.; 
A.  W.  Boardman,  P.  S.;  G.  W.  Stough,  Treas.;  W.  E. 
Caywood,  Con.;  C.  Metzger,  I.  G.;  E.  Hedegard,  O.S.G. 

Present  membership,  200.  This  Lodge  isthe 
pai'ent  of  all  others  in  the  City. 

Robert  Bluji  Lodge,  No.  413.  Instituted 
June  3,  1869,  with  16  charter  members,  to  wit: 
John  Schrink,  Geo.  W.  Speyer,  Chas.  Oeckel, 
John  Homberger,  H.  Thorner,  Wm.  Clouse, 
Geo.  J.  Scheuerman,  F.  Voigt,  C.  M.  Schicly, 
J.  Meyer,  Geo.  Weber,  Hem-y  Hug,F.  Burwick, 
Chas.  Eossman,  H.  Mayer  and  E.  E.  Minneker. 

First  Officers  :  John  Schrink,  N.  G.;  Geo.  Speyer, 
V.  G.;  Chas.  Oeckel,  R.  Sec;  John  Homberger,  'Treas.; 
Chas.  Rossman.  Warden  ;  Frank  Voigt,  Con.;  Henrv 
May-er,  I.  G.;  Thos.  Blackwell,  O.  G.;  C.  M.  Schiely, 
R.  S.  N.  G.;  Geo.  J.  Scheuerman,  L.  S.  N.  G.;  Henry 
Hug.  R.  S.  V.  G.;  E.  R.  Minneker,  L.  S.  V.  G.;  F. 
Burwick,  R.  S.  S.;  J.  IMayer,  L.  S.  S. 

Officers,  December,  1886:  Jacob  Bollin,  N.  G.; 
Theo.  J.  Zeims,  V.  G.;  P.  M.  Gress,  R.  Sec;  I.  Lep- 
pert,  P.  Sec;  C.  Unbehaun,  Treas.;  Marx  Carll, 
Warden  ;  Casper  Allgeiers,  Con.;  F.  Kreiger,  I.  G.; 
E.  Hedegard,  O.  G.;  F.  Young,  R.  S.  N.  G.;  L.  Kuh- 
man,  L.  S.  N.  G.;  Chas.  Witthun,  R.  S.  V.  G.;  Fred 
Dohse,  L.  S.  V.  G.;  Jacob  Mayer,  R.  S.  S.;  John  Gei- 
gel,  L.  S.  S.;  Fred  Young,  Property  Trustee  ;  J.  Dil- 
ger,  John  Tollman,  Fred  Grasser,  Trustees. 

Maumee  Valley  Lodge,  No.  515.  Insti- 
tuted June  14,  1872,  by  Belden  Seymour,  Past 
Grand  Master.  Charter  members  were:  W.  C. 
Earl,  W.  W.  Earl,  F.  \(.  Brooks,  Fred  Raitz, 
Robert  Raitz,  E.  W,  Klinck,  Geo.  Marquardt, 
W.  W.  Woodruff,  M.  C.  Conley,  B.  H.  Koerh- 
man,  John  Ehni,  Henry  Hugh,  Fred  Lanman 
and  John  Negley. 

First  Officers:  F.  W.  Brooks,  N,  G.;  F.  Raitz,  V.  G.; 

E.  W.  Klinck,  R.  Sec;  Geo.  Marquardt,  P.  Sec;  F. 
Lanman,  Treas. 

Officers,  December,  1886:  Jacob F.  Kehler,  N.  G.; 
J.  T.  Crooks,  V.  G.;  Ernest  Gertz,  R.  Sec;  Geo.  P. 
Teare,  P.  Sec;  J.  C.  Messer,  Treas. 

Aurora  Lodge,  No.  3,  Daughters  of  Re- 
becca. Instituted  November  5, 1869,  by  Grand 
Master  James  Turner  and  Grand  Secretary 
W.    C.    Earl.     Charter    members :   Mesdames 

F.  Eosenbush,  J.  Homberger,  W.  H.  Eoss,  W. 
W.  Alcorn,  D.  Edsill,  J.  Faskin,  J.  A.  Chase, 


SECRET  SOCIETIES. 


729 


H.  M.  Hall.  J.  A.  Green,  E.  W.  Hays,  J.  Lang- 
enderter,  W.  C.  Cheney,  T.  Corlett,  G.  W. 
Stougli,  R.  Baldwin,  and  S.  B.  Roshong  ;  and 
Messrs.  J.  A.  Chase,  VV.  W.  Alcorn,  H.  M.  Hall 
F.  Rosen  bush,  E.  W.  Hays,  \Vm.  Corlett,  G. 
W.  Stough,  E.  Avery,  J.  Homberger,  W.  H. 
Ross,  W.  W.  Earl,  H.  S.  Bunker,  jV  A.  Green, 
J.  Faskin,  C.  R.  Baldwin  and  W.  C.  Cheney. 

First  Officers:  G.  W.  Stougli,  N.  G.;  Mrs.  F.  Kosen- 
liush,  V.  G.;  H.  M.  Hall,  K.  Sec;  J.  A.  Chase,  F.  Sec; 
T.  Corlett,  Treas.;  C.  R.  Baldwin,  Warden;  W.  H. 
Itoss.  I.  G.;  T.  Blackwell.  O.  G.;  Mrs.  Roshong,  Con.; 
W.  ('.  Cbenuv,  Chaulain  ;  Jlrs.  C.  R.  Baldwin,  R.  S. 
N.  G.;  Mrs.  Kellenbergi-r,  L.  S.  N.  G.;  Mrs.  J.  A. 
(IrefU,  R.  8.  Y.  G.;  Mrs.  G.  W.  Stough,  L.  S.  V.  G. 

Officers,  December,  188t):  Mrs.  K.  Burge,  N.  H.; 
Mrs.  I>.  C.  Hiett.  V.  G.-  J.  C.  Prentiss,  R.  S.;  W.  O. 
Hoist,  F.  S.;  Jlrs.  A.  Arndt,  Treas.;  Mrs.  P.  Stevens, 
Con.;  Miss  Burge,  Warden  ;  Miss  Anna  Steincauip, 
Chaplain  :  Geo.  <jale,  R.  S.  N.  G.;-  Mrs.  R.  Hawkins, 
L.  S.  N.  G.;  Mrs.  Valentine,  R.  S.  V.  G.;  Mrs.  J.  A. 
Hazlewood,  L.  S.  V.  G. 

Canton  Imperial,  No.  22,  Patriarohs  Mil- 
itant, 1.  O.  O.  F.    Instituted  January  22,  1886. 

Otiicers  in  December,  1886 :  M.  Bartlett,  Com- 
mandant ;  W.  F.  Van  Loo.  Lieutenant ;  Dr.  Herbert 
A.  t'hase,  Ensign  ;  C.  P.  Barnum,  Clerk  ;  John  Mor- 
gan, Treas.;  H.  H.  Stebbins,  Past  Commandant. 

KNIGHTS  OF  PYTHIAS. 

I'enel  of  the  Ordec  — Founded  on  naught  but  the 
purest  and  sincerest  motives  ;  its  aim  is  to  alleviate 
the  sufferings  of  a  Brother,  succor  the  unfortunate, 
zealously  watch  at  the  bedside  of  the  sick,  soothe  the 
dying  pillow,  perform  the  last  sa<l  rites  at  the  grave 
of  a  Brother,  offering  consolation  to  theatHicted,  and 
caring  for  the  Widow  and  r)rphan.  Having  these 
principles  in  view,  they  will  endeavor  to  exemplify 
them  by  practical  tests;  and  if,  by  the  Grace  of  God. 
it  shall  successfully  carry  out  this  object,  they  will 
feel  that  their  mission  has  not  been  in  vain. 

The  order  in  Toledo  is  represented  by  eight 
subordinate  Lodges,  thi-ee  Divisions  of  the  Uni- 
form Rank  and  two  Sections  of  the  Endowment 
Rank. 

Toledo  Lodge  A'o.  20.— Instituted  December  29, 
l.s(19.  Officers,  for  first  term.  1809— Y.  P.,  James  H. 
Boggis ;  W.  C,  Joseph  W.  Cummings;  V.  C,  John 
P.  Jones ;  R.  S.,  John  B.  Langdon  ;  F.  S.,  M.  O.  Mer- 
rill ;  B.,  P.  H.  Foster;  G.,  E.  S.  Dodd  ;  I.  S.,  Wm.  W. 
Alcorn  ;  O.  K.,  Henry  S.  Bunker. 

Officers,  1887- D.  D.  G.  C,  J.  H.  Tripp  ;  P.  C.  J. 
Marker ;  C.  C,  Charles  O.  Downes ;  V.  C,  T.  O. 
Wade  ;  P.,  W.  J.  Hill ;  K.  of  R.  and  S.,  P.  F.Scannell. 

]yilHam  Tell  Lodge,  No.  IO.t  (German). — Instituted 
February  13,  1877.  Officers,  first  term — P.  C,  John 
H.  Perkins;  C.  C,  Leo  Felix;  Y.  C,  Frederick 
Kountz  ;  P.,  Henry  Munch  ;  M.  of  E.,  Frederick  Wel- 
shofer;  M.  of  F.,  A.  Gates;  M.  of  A.,  A.  Wagner;  I. 
G.,  Louis  Rachow  ;  O.  G.,  Frederick  Ingold. 

Officers,  18,S7-P.  C,  H.  lloerlin  ;  C.  C,  A.  I. 
Mayer;  Y.  C,  J.  Strohhaecker ;  P.,  R.  Lutz;  K.  of 
R.  and  S.,  IL  Ruehlin. 

Charles  Sumner  Lodge,  Mo.  137. — Instituted  March 
21,18,82.  Officers,  first  term— P.  C,  Thomas  J.  Col- 
lins ;  C.  C,  C.  E.  Livingston  ;  Y.  C,  J.  W.  Green  ; 
P.,  George  W.  Bealey  ;  M.  of  E.,  F.  T.  Yan  Fleet ;  M. 
of  F.,  J.  W.  Hepburn  ;  M.  of  A.,  E.  L.  Chase. 

Officers,  1887— P.  C,  Irvin  Belford;  C.  C,  John 
N.  Miller;  Y.  C,  Louis  Volk  ;  P.,  James  Austin,  Jr.; 
K.  of  R.  and  S.,  W.  Keen, 

47 


Anthoni/  Wayne  Lodge,  No.  141. — Instiluteil  \L'irch 
30,  I8,s2.  OtHcers,  lir.st  term— P.  (;.,  Daniel  U'Sliea  ; 
C.  C,  Matthew  Bartlett;  V.  C,  Robert  .Mote;  P.,  F. 
P.  Wilson  ;  M.  of  E.,  Flovd  Jennison  ;  M.  of  F.,  Lu- 
cius Brown;  K.  of  R.  and'S.,  D.  W.  McAleese;  M.  of 
A.,  Benjamin  Haitz. 

Ollicens,  1.S87-P.  C,  George  l-".  Weeber ;  C.  C, 
W.C.Worrell;  V.  C,  C.  A.  Moyl  ;  P.,  T.  Leroux  ; 
K.  of  R.  and  S.,  F.  L.  Weaver. 

Lrtcas  Lodge,  No.  US— Instituted  October  24,  1882. 
Officers,  first  term  :  P.  C,  Cieorge  H.  Mc.Mullen;  C 
C,  John  C.  Prentis;  V.  C,  John  Parker;  P.,  O.  S. 
Brigbam  ;  .M.  of  E..  C.  E.  Upton  ;  M.  of  F.,  A.  L. 
Brown  ;  K.  of  R.  and  S.,  B.  F.  Ciallatin  ;  M.  of  A..  Cieo. 
Felt;  I.  G.,  Wm.  Yandenburg ;  O.  G.,  ('harles  S. 
Jones. 

Officers,  1887— P.  C,  G.  D.  O'Xeil ;  C.  C,  H.  E. 
Brown;  V.  C,  G.  D.  Dale;  P.,  C.  E.  Upton;  K.  of 
R.  and  S.,  E.  O.  Gifford. 

Concord  Lodge,  No.  14!).— Instituted  November  7, 
1S82.— Otiicers,  first  term:  P.  C,  Oliver  Hall,  Jr.  ; 
C.  C,  John  Ihummond  ;  Y.C.,  Louis  Yan  Noorden;  P., 
A.  J.  Teal;  M.  of  E.,  Geo.  H.  Heartlev ;  M.  of  F., 
H.  Potter;  K.  of  R.  and  S.,  G.  W.  UoUa'nd  ;  M.  of  A., 
G.  W.  Clay;  I.  Ct.,  H.  O.  Hamlin;  O.  G.,  W.  H. 
Ross. 

Officers,  1887— P.   C,  Thomas  Kewlev ;  C.  C,  D. 

C.  Hight;  V.  C,  John  Quaif :  P.,  C.  T.  Bischoff;  K. 
of  R.  andS.,  J.  H.  Barnes. 

Harrison  Lodge,  No.  18.5.  — Instituted  Mav  22,  1884. 
Officers,  first  term:  P.  C,  Isaac  T.  Merrill;  C.  C, 
Samuel  Kohn;  Y.  C,  W.  D.  Jordan;  P..  K.  Opitz  ; 
M.  of  E.,  H.  NelHs;  M.  of  F..  E.  B.  Skinner:  K.  of 
R.  and  S.,  J.  E.  Swinburn ;  M.  of  A.,S.  W.  Skinner, 
Jr. ;  I.  G.,  P.  Lyons. 

Officers,   1887— P.   C.,  Thomas  McBeth  ;  C,  C,  8. 

D.  rfSre  ;  V.  C,  J.  Kohn  ;  P.  J.,  E.  Eaton  ;  K.  of  R. 
and  S.,  J.  S.  Hattenbach. 

Steedvian  Lodge,  No.  208.— Officers.  1,S,S7— P.  C, 
G.  H.  Kirchwehn  ;  C,  C,  J.  W.  Shoen  ;  V.  (!.,  M.  B. 
Haines;  P.,  N.  T.  Elliott;  K.  of  R.  and  S.,  E.  A. 
Brown. 

UNIFORM   RANK. 

Toledo  Diinsion,  No.  16.— Instituted  June  22,  1882. 
Officers,  1887— Sir  Knight  Commander,  A.  R.  Rogers; 
Sir  Knight  Lieutenant,  .7.  I).  l!atcli  ;  Sir  Knight  Her- 
ald, G.  Hofer;  Sir  Knight  Recorder.  J.  D.  Batch  ;  Sir 
Knight  Treasurer,  Jacob  Hoffman. 

Miami  Division,  No.  3.5. — Instituted  January  1,1.884. 
Officers,  1887 — Sir  Knight  Commander,  C.  B.  Mur- 
phy ;  Sir  Knight  Lieutenant,  C.  B.  Greene;  Sir 
Knight  Herald,  L.  Van  Noorden  ;  Sir  Knight  Re- 
corder, J.  H.  Barnes;  Sir  Knight  Treasurer,  Charles 
Mathias. 

Custer  Division,  No.  39.— Instituted  June  5.  1884. 
Officers,  1887 — Sir  Knight  (^ommander,  J.  M.  Weier : 
Sir  Knight  Lieutenant,  Lucius  Brown;  Sir  Knight 
Herald,  J.  H.  Tripp;  Sir  Knight  Recorder,  Jacob 
Kohn ;  Sir  Knight  Treasurer,  J.  W.  King. 

ENDOW.MENT   RANK. 

There  are  in  Toledo  two  Sections  of  the 
Endowment  Rank.  January  1,  18S(i,  the  total 
of  certificates  in  force  of  the  four  Classes  par- 
ticipating, numbered  14,4i)0.  Of  1,1144  deaths, 
to  tliat  dale,  791  were  in  First  Class;  \,Wd  in 
Second  ;  2:5  in  Third  ;  and  (il  in  Fourth  Class; 
and  the  total  of  benefits  jiaid,  8S,07S.G16.85. 
Amount  paid  during  quarter  ending  December 
31,  1885,  $91,000  'ranging  from  'S1,(»00,  the 
minimum,  to  ^3,000,  the  maximum  of  benefits. 

Seetion  377  —Officers,  1887  :  President,  P.  F.  Scan- 
nell  ;  Vice  President,  J.  A.  Meminger;  Secretary,  W. 
S.  Shepard  ;  Medical  Examiner,  Dr.  C.  H.  Reed. 


730 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Section  650.— Officers,  1S87 :  President,  Samuel 
Kohn  ;  Vice  President,  Daniel  O'Shea ;  Secretary,  J. 
H.  Mack  ;  Medical  Examiner,  Dr.  G.  A.  Hollister. 

Section  752.— Officers,  18S7  :  President,  W.  Sode- 
mau  ;  Vice  President,  J.  M.  Bridenbaugh  ;  Secre- 
tary, Geo.  H.  McMullen  ;  Medical  Examiner,  Dr.  O. 
S.  Brigham. 

KNIGHTS  OF  THE  GOLDEN  RULE. 

The  Knights  of  the  Golden  Rule  is  a  Bene- 
ficial Ordei-,  and  was  organized  in  the  City  of 
Cincinnati,  O.,  August  16,  1879,  and  subse- 
quentlj'  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  Ken- 
tucky. The  order  has  local  organizations, 
called  Castles  and  Castlets,  in  2-t  States,  and 
State  organizations,  called  Grand  Chapters,  in 
eight  States.  The  Order  combines  Fraternity 
with  Mutual  Aid.  The  combined  membership 
of  the  classes  is  about  7,000.  The  Order  has 
collected  and  paid  to  the  families  of  deceased 
members  since  its  organization,  $750,000. 

The  name  of  the  local  oi-ganization  at  Toledo 
is  Castle  Oliver,  No.  25,  K.  G.  R.  Its  officers 
for  1887  were  as  follows: 

Commander,  F.  J.  Oblinger;  Vice  Commander, 
R.  F.  Worts  ;  Recording  Secretary,  George  C.  Pepper ; 
Financial  Secretary,  John  W.  Smith ;  Treasurer, 
John  D.  Irving;  Prelate,  R.  G.  Dawkins;  Priest, 
Samuel  Emery ;  Master-at-Arras,  J.  B.  Menhennick  ; 
Herald,  J.  E.  Hime  ;  Warder,  George  L.  Wagner ; 
Sentinel,  J.  V.  Kneirim  ;  Examining  Physicians,  Drs. 
F.  A.  Kitchen  and  S.  S.  Thorn.  •« 

ORDER  OF  CHOSEN  FRIENDS. 

This  is  a  Fraternal  Benevolent  Society,  hav- 
ing signs  and  passwords,  that  its  membership 
may  be  better  protected  in  their  work  of  giving 
aid  to  the  distressed  and  ijrotection  to  the 
weak.  It  was  established  <  in  Indianapolis, 
Indiana,  in  May,  1879.  Its  chief  object  is  "to 
unite  in  bonds  of  fraternity,  aid  and  protection 
all  acceptable  white  persons  of  good  character, 
steady  habits,  sound  bodily  health  and  repu- 
table calling."  For  the  benefit  of  members  a 
relief  fund  is  provided  by  pa3'ment  of  regular 
dues,  whereby  members  arriving  at  the  age  of 
75  years  or  becoming  disabled,  may  receive 
$3,000,  or  his  family  be  paid  that  sum  upon  his 
death. 

Toledo  Council,  No.  35,  of  this  Order,  was  in- 
stituted July  23,  1883,  by  Deputy  Grand  Mas^ 
ter.  Friend  Rotherstein,  of  California,  with  18 
.  charter  members,  who  elected  the  following 
officers  :  Chief  Councillor,  E.  H.  Alley  ;  Vice 
Councillor,  Dr.  C.  L.  Van  Pelt;  Secretary, 
Julius  Newman  ;  Treasurer,  Phillip  Zimraer  ; 
Pi-^late,  H.  Clark.  Trustees- S.  Dallet,  M. 
Goodman  and  H.  Weitzel. 

The  officers  in  1880  were :  Past  Chief  Coun- 
cillor, Edward  Herskovits  ;  Chief  Councillor, 
Marx  Carll ;  Vice  Councillor,  S.  W.  Sherman; 
Secretar}-,  George  VV.  Snow  ;  Treasurer,  I.  Hu- 
bert ;  Prelate,  H.  A.  Eldred ;  Marshal,  Wm. 
Weingardt;  Warden,  Mendel  Mendelsohn. 
Trustees— H.  B.  Wood,  S.  W.  Sherman  and 
Ph.  Zimmer.     Membership,  188G,  28. 


THE  AMERICAN  LEGION  OF  HONOR. 

This  organization  is  composed  of  Supreme, 
Grand  and  Subordinate  Councils  ;  is  a  secret 
Benevolent  Society,  which  was  started  in  Bos- 
ton, in  1878,  and  incorporated  under  the  laws 
of  Massachusetts,  March  11,  1879.  Its  objects 
are:  To  unite  fraternally  all  white  persons  of 
sound  bodily  health  and  good  moral  character, 
who  are  socially  acceptable  and  between  18  and 
50  years  of  age  ;  to  give  all  moral  and  material 
aid  within  its  power  to  its  members  and  those 
dependent  upon  them  ;  to  educate  its  members, 
morally,  socially  and  intellectually;  to  estab- 
lish a  fund  for  the  relief  of  sick  and  distressed 
members;  and  to  establish  a  benefit  fund,  not 
exceeding  $5,000,  for  the  family,  orphansoi-  de. 
pendents,  as  the  member  may  direct. 

The  aggregate  membership  of  the  Order  in 
the  United  States  and  Canada,  in  good  stand- 
ing, on  the  .30th  June,  1885,  was  57,421,  of 
whom  6,093  were  females.  The  benefit  (or  in- 
surance) ranges  from  $500  to  $5,000.  These 
degrees  refer  solely  to  the  amount  of  benefit, 
and  have  nothing  to  do  with  the  social  rank  of 
members.  The  Order  has  paid,  since  its  organ- 
ization, a  little  over  $5,500,000  to  the  orphans 
and  widows  of,  and  dejiendents  upon,  deceased 
members. 

Supreme  Council  officers  are  elected  bien- 
ially,  and  Grand  and  Subordinate  (!ouncil 
officers  annually.  Suboi'dinate  Council  officers 
are  chosen  from  the  members;  Grand  Council 
officers  from  representatives  of  Subordinate 
Councils;  and  Supreme  Council  officers  from 
rejiresentatives  from  Grand  Councils ;  thus 
giving  each  Subordinate  Council  indirect  rep- 
resentation in  the  choice  of  Supreme  officers, 
and  direct  representation  in  the  choice  of  Grand 
Council  officers. 

"  Lucas  Council,  No.  59,"  located  at  Toledo, 
was  organized  December  22,  1879.  It  now 
numbers  about  80  members,  atid  is  working 
under  jurisdiction  of  a  Grand  Council  estab- 
lished in  Ohio  in  1881.  Two  deaths  only  have 
occurredin  Lucas  Council,  viz. :  That  of  James 
B.  Richards,  April  2,  1883;  and  of  Henry  A. 
Chamberlin,  February  18,  1884.  The  benefit 
paid  in  the  case  of  the  former,  was  $3,000;  and 
in  that  of  the  latter,  $5,000. 

The  first  principal  officers  of  Lucas  Council, 
were  as  follows;  Commander,  T.  J.  Southard, 
December,  1879,  to  July,  1880;  Past  Com- 
mander, Calvin  IBarker,  December,  1879  ;  Vice 
Commander,  Mrs.  Anna  P.  Van  Iloe.sen,  one 
year;  Orator,  Mrs.  Carrie  R.  Goodwin,  one 
year;  Secretary,  Richard  M.  McKee,  three 
years;  Collector,  John  M.  McKee  ;  Treasurer, 
Albion  E.  Lang.  Intermediate  Commanders 
have  been  ;  Geo.  B.  Brown,  July,  1880,  to  De- 
cember, 1881  ;  E.  M.  Goodwin,  for  1882;  R.  M. 
McKee,  for  1883 ;  H.  A.  Chamberlin,  from 
January  to  February,  1884  (when  he  died); 
Edgar  H.  Van  Hoesen,  from  February,  1884,  to 
December,  1884 ;  Alfred  W.  Gleason,  lor  1885. 


SOCIAL  OROANJZATJONS. 


731 


For  188(),  the  principal  officers  were  :  Com- 
mander, Wesley  S.  Thurstin;  Past  Commander, 
A.  W.  Gieason  ;  Vice  Commander,  Mrs.  R.  M. 
McKee;  Orator,  Clias.  N.  Smith;  Secretai-\-, 
Joseph  M.  Johnson;  Collector,  Thos.  M.  Bark- 
diill  ;  Treasurer,  George  P.  Kirby. 

ROYAL  AUG  A  NUM. 

The  Order  known  as  "  Royal  Arcanum,"  was 
orijanized  nnder  the  laws  of  Massachusetts, 
iS^ovember  5,  1S77.  It  is  a  mutual  beneticiary 
Brotherliood,  of  which  the  objects  are:  1st.  To 
unite  fraternally  all  men  of  sound  bodily  health 
and  good  moral  character,  between  21  and  55 
years  of  age ;  2.  To  educate  its  members 
socially,  morally  and  intellectually;  ?>.  To 
establish  a  fund  for  the  relief  of  sick  and  dis- 
tressed members,  and  to  provide  for  the  widows 
and  orphans  of  the  same,  to  the  extent  of  SH,000. 

Toledo  Council,  No.  21,  R.  A.,  was  instituted 
October  29,  1877,  with  the  following  officers: 
W.  S.  Plumer,  Regent;  E.  H.  Van  Iloesen, 
Past  Regent;  S.  M.  Owen,  Vice  Regent;  S.  L. 
Fraser,  Secretary;  John  M.  McKee,  Collector  ; 
Charles  H.  Jones,  Treasurer;  S.  S.  Mallory, 
Guide;  M.  D.  Booth,  Warden;  M.  B.  Loose, 
Sentry. 

The  officers  of  the  Council  for  1887  were: 
Regent,  Richard  M.  McKee;  Secretary,  C.  1). 
Van  Hoesen  ;  Treasurer,  E.  H.  Van  Hoesen  ; 
Collector,  Geo.  H.  Stockton. 

The  intermediate  presidini;-  officers  were  E. 
H.  Van  Hoesen,  S.  M.  Young,  W.  A.  Brigham, 
S.  L.  Fraser,  Geo.  W.  Boos,  Wm.  A.  Geroe, 
A.  W.  Gieason  and  Harvey  Scribner. 

Toledo  Council  aims  to  be  the  largest  and 
best  Council  in  the  State. 

SONS  OF  MALTA. 

An  organization  known  as  "  Sons  of  Malta," 
and  nominally  secret  in  its  operations,  existed 
in  1859  and  thereabouts,  of  which  there  was  a 
"  Lodge  "  at  Toledo.  The  order  was  under- 
stood to  claim  an  origin  with  the  persecuted 
Saints  of  the  Isle  of  Malta,  in  the  15th  century. 

The  Toledo  organization  bore  the  name  of 
''Miami  Lodge,  No.  71,  Sons  of  Malta,"  with 
the  following  officers:  W.  G.  C,  James  B. 
Steedman  ;  V.  G.  C,  Geo.  Walbridge;  W.C., 
Geo.  P.  Este;  S.  and  T.,  Robert  H.  Bell ;  V.  C, 
E.  B.  Bronson. 

The  precise  character  and  object  of  this  or- 
ganization were  never  definitely  settletl  in  the 
public  mind  ;  but  the  more  general  im])ression 
seemed  to  be,  that  it  was  largely  fbi-  the  culti- 
vation and  practice  of  the  ludicrous  in  tluniglit, 
language  and  action. 

TOLEDO  WOMAN  SUFFRAGE  ASSOCIATION. 

In  March,  1809,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Cady  Stan- 
ton and  Miss  Susan  B.  Anthony  visited  Toledo, 
as  guests  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Israel  Hall.  A 
reception  given  tliese  ladies  by  their  hosts,  wiis 
largely  attended  by    tlioughtful    and    cultured 


people  of  Toledo.  On  that  occasion  the  visit- 
ing ladies  presented  to  the  company  tlie  disa- 
bilities of  women  and  urged  associate  efforts  to 
secure  for  them  legal  and  political  equality. 
The  result  of  such  discussion  was  a  meeting  at 
Hunker's  Hall,  March  9th,  of  which  ,\Irs.  I'iinma 
Ashley  was  Chairman,  and  Mi-s.  Jeannette 
Duida])  Seo-etary.  Mi-s.  Julia  Harris  (sistei- of 
President  Fillmore),  Mrs.  .M.J.  Barker,  Mr. 
VVni.  ('.  Earl,  .Major  E.  S.  Dodd,  and  Mrs.  Mar- 
tha Stehbins  were  a|i]K)inted  to  ]n-e|)are  a  con- 
stitution for  the  Toledo  Woman  SutiVage  Asso- 
ciation, which  was  adopted  »t  a  subsequent 
lueeting.  Its  preamble  states,  that,  "  Regard- 
ing equal  rights  as  the  natural  inheritance  of 
all,  and  believing  that  the  best  interests  of  iui- 
manity  may  bo  most  efficiently  promoted  by 
abolishing  those  Talse  distinctions  between  the 
sexes,  which  have  descended  from  past  ages  as 
relics  ofbarbarism,  we  do  hereby  unite  under  the 
following  rules  of  orL'ainzation,  for  the  ])urpose 
of  equalizing  the  rights  of  the  sexes."  Article 
second  of  the  constitution  recited  as  the  object 
of  the  Association,  "  to  aid  by  all  proper  meiins, 
in  raising  woman  from  her  condition  of  depen- 
dence, and  in  placing  her  in  all  respects  before 
the  law  in  possession  of  the  same  rights  that  are 
conceded  to  man ;  and  as  a  primary  means  to 
this  end  it  will  insist  upon  giving  lier  the  right 
to  the  ballot." 

The  chief  officers  of  the  Society  have  been  as 
follows:  President — Mrs.  Emma" Ashley,  1809: 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  R.  Collins,  1870-71;  Mrs.  S.  1{.' 
L.  Williams,  1872-6 ;  Mrs.  Rosa  L.  Segur, 
1877-9;  Mrs.  Julia  Cole,  1880-82;  Mrs.  S.  S. 
Bissell,188H;  Mrs.  E.  R.  Collins,  1884  ;  Mrs.  E  S. 
Fray,  and  Mrs.  Mary  J.  Craven.s,  1885  (the  for- 
mer having  removed  to  Rochester,  New  York, 
during  the  year).  Vice  Presidents:  1809— 
Mrs.  Martha"Stebbins;  1870— Mrs.  Julia  Har- 
ris; 1871— Mrs.  S.  R.  L.  Williams;  1872S— 
Mrs.  S.  S.  Bissell  ;  1874-5  -Mrs.  Hllen  S.  Frav  ; 
1876-9— Mrs.  Fray,  Richard  Mott,  William  H. 
Scott  and  Charles  Cravens;  1880-82 — Mrs. 
Fray;  188;5-4—Mrs.  M.  J.  Barker  ;  1885— Mrs. 
Williams;  1886-88— Mrs.  Mary  J.  Cravens. 

Among  those  who  rendered  valuable  service 
to  the  Association  from  its  start,  wt're  Dr.  S.  F. 
Forbes,  Mrs.  Dr.  S.  Bailey,  and  Mi-s.  —  Bond, 
who  drafted  the  by-laws;  Jlrs.  Louise  Barlow, 
William  H.  Gorrill,  Miss  Mary  Hall,  Judge  F. 
A.  Jones,  who  engaged  in  debates;  and  the  fol- 
lowing in  executiveand  other  official  positions- 
Dr.  Oscar  White,  Major  E.  S.  Dodd,  Mrs.  O.  B. 
Hall,  Mrs.  P.  B.  Trunx,  Mrs.  C.  S.  Forsyth, 
Mrs.  Georgia  Shepliard,  Miss  Josephine  Cook, 
Miss  Maria  While,  Miss  Charlotte  L.  Williams, 
Miss  Anna  C.  Mott,  Mrs.  J.  P.  Ainger,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Bateson,  Mrs.  Anno  E.  Howo^  Mrs.  S.  D. 
Curtis,  Mrs.  Harvey  Bissell,  Mrs.  M.  Berra, 
Mrs.  Emma  Beckwith,  Mrs.  E.  N.  Bailey,  .Mrs 
Jenney,  Mrs.  Mary  B.  Gieason,  Mrs.  C.  Jlorgan, 
Mrs.  Mary  E.  Moulton,  Mrs.  Don  Allen,  Mrs. 
.lulia  B.  Comstock,  Mrs.  M.  M.  Cronise;  Misses 


732 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Sarah  E.  Folger,  Maiy  Smead  and  Marian 
Smead ;  Mr.  Chas.  S.  Ashley,  A.  Comstock, 
M.  D.,  Mr.  P.  C.  Hudson,  Mr.  Geo.  P.  Kirby, 
Mr.  R.  H.  Miller  and  Mr.  P.  L.  Maguire. 

During  the  year  1869,  the  Association  held 
its  meetiug.s  in  the  jjarlors  of  different  members. 
In  1870,  Hon.  Eichard  Mott  tendered  the   use 
of  room  9,  Port  Industry  Block,  where  it   has 
since  had  its    home.     The  plan    of  work    has 
been  to  advance  the  legal,  political,  industrial, 
educational,    social   and   religious   equality    of 
woman  in  every  way  which  at  the  time  seemed 
feasible.     When  the'State  Constitutional  Con- 
vention was  in  session  in  1874,  jjetitions  were 
forwarded  to  it,  members  interviewed  and  del- 
egates sent  to  Cincinnati  to  obtain  a  provision 
excluding  the  word  "  male"  from  the  Constitu- 
tion.    The   Legislature, of  Ohio  has  been  re- 
peatedly petitioned  for  amendments  admitting 
women  to  School  and  Municipal  suffrage  ;  also, 
for  amendments  of  laws  of  dower  and  curtesy. 
Tracts  have  been  gratuitously  distributed.  Con- 
ventions attended  and   the   State   Association 
entertained.     At   regular    monthly    meetings, 
open  to  the  public,  original  and  selected  essays 
pertinent  to  the  reform,  were  read  ;  also,  a  syn- 
opsis of  every  known  effort  to  elevate  woman, 
contributions  donated  to  aid  the  cause  in  other 
States,  and  the  memories  of  the  dead  who  died 
laboring  for  the  same  end,  publicly  honored. 

In  1871,  Mr.  Bateson,  pro])rietor  of  the  To- 
ledo Sunday  Journal,  tendered  the  Association 
a  column  of  its  space  for  the  publication  of 
matter  advocating  the  reform.  Mrs.  S.  E.  L. 
Williams  became  the  Editor  of  that  department, 
which  was  subsequently  enlarged  to  an  entire 
page.  In  187ti,  to  commemorate  the  Centen- 
nial Jubilee,  the  Ballot  Box,  a  monthly  journal, 
was  established,  under  the  auspices  of  the  As- 
sociation and  the  editorial  conduct  of  Mrs. 
Williams.  In  1878,  the  paper  was  transferred 
to  Mrs.  M.  J.  Gage,  of  Syracuse,  New  York,  and 
was  made  the  organ  of  the  National  Woman 
Suffrage  Association. 

NEW  CENTURY  LITERARY   CLUB. 

In  November,  1876,  a  few  members  of  the 
Toledo  Woman  Suffrage  Association,  students 
and  lovers  of  literature,  conceived  the  idea  of 
establishing  a  permanent  literary  organization 
in  Toledo,  to  commemorate  the  centennial  year. 

A  preliminary  meeting  was  held  at  room  9, 
Port  Industry  Block,  the  home  of  the  Toledo 
Woman  Suffrage  Association,  and  Mrs.  S.  E 
L.  Williams,  Eosa  L.  Segur,  E.  E.  Collins,  E.  S. 
Pray,  M.  B.  Gleason,  S.   S.  Bissell   and    Miss 

A.  C.  Mott  became  its  incorporators. 
Invitations  were  extended  to  citizens  in  har- 
mony with  the  proposed  Society,  and  numerous 
meetings  were  held  in  the  parlors  of  Mrs.  Mary 

B.  Gleason,  where  the  organization  was  per- 
nianently  effected  the  third  week  of  January, 
1877,  with  the  following  membership  roll : 


Me.sclames  S.  R.  L.  Williams,  Rosa  L.  Segur   Eliza- 
',??''  ^;  t;olhns    Sarafi  S.  Bis.sell,  Mary  B.  Gleason, 
Ellen  8.  Fray,  Catliarine   Donaldson,  M.  D    Curtis 
lannie   D.  Jermain,    Anu-lia   M.    Landis,   ElizabetfJ 
Moulton,    Kate  IJ.  .Sherwood,   Elizabeth  Walbridge 
Rebecca   W.    Cooper,   Martha    A.   Stebbins,    Mis.^-s 
Emily  S.  Bouton,  .luliaBouton,  Charlotte  L.  Williams 
Maria  White,  Anna  C.  Mott,  Lucia  R.  Robbins,  Mr! 
and  Mrs.  J.  B.  Battelle,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  A.  E.  Macomber 
Mr.  and  Mrs,  J.  Kent  Hamilton,  Rev.  Dr.  and  Mrs' 
Cravens,  Mr.  Frank  J.  Scott. 

In  honor  of  the  birth  of  the  new  centur\'  of 
the  Great  Eepublic,  the  Society  was  named 
"  ThelSfew  Century  Literary  Club."  Its  object 
IS  literary  recreation  and  culture.  It  has  held 
semi-monthly  meetings  at  the  homes  of  its 
members,  eight  months  of  each  year,  from  Oc- 
tober to  June.  One  original  essay  has  been 
presented  at  each  meeting,  sometimes  two  or 
more,  upon  topics  pertaining  to  literature,  belle 
lettres,  history,  bioa'raphy,  and  social  and  politi  - 
cal  science.  The  leading  paper  is  followed  by 
discussion,  and  the  exercises  are  enlivened  by 
music  and  recitations.  Intellectual  progress  is 
characteristic  of  its  life,  which  promises  to 
reach  its  centennial  anniversary. 

The  membership  list  has  at  different  times 
been  increased,  as  follows: 

Hon.  Richard  Mott  became  the  tirst  Honorary 
Member,  although  he  has  ever  faithfully  performed 
the  duties  of  an  active  one ;  other  members  being 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  James  M,   Brown,  Miss  Elizabeth  ami 

i\  b  ■, '^^''^S'''  ^^'"-  ^"'^  '^'■s-  ^-  ^l-  Streeter,  Dr, 
M,  H  and  Mrs.  Parmelee,  Rev.  G.  L.  and  Mrs.  Beiler 
Mr.  Clarence  Brown,  Mr.  J.  G.  Gould,  Dr.  W  T  Row- 
sey  Prot.  M  Friclburg.  Rev.  H.  M.  Bacon,  Mv.  Wm 
■  f^'H''''  ^^'\  ^  K.  Parks,  Mr.  H.  B.  Tillinghast, 
Dr.  A.  Claypool,  Rev.  S.  t:.  Northcott,  Mr.  D.  R.  Locke 
Mrs  Harriet  Kinnear,  Mrs.  A.  M.  C.  Barnes,  Mrs' 
E.  M.  Irving,  Mrs.  P.  J.  Ketcham,  Mrs.  P.  J  Camp- 
bell,  Miss  Ada  Ritchie,  Miss  Emily  J.  Raymond. 

The  leading  officers  of  the  Club  have  been  :     ' 

1877— President,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Walbridge  •  Sec- 
retary^ Mrs.   Emma  Battelle  ;  Chairman  Ex    Com 
Miss  E.  S.  Bouton. 

M  ^^l^~T?''f,^\1?"*'  ?:l''-.K-  *'•  Streeter;  Secretary, 
Mrs.  E.  R.  Collins;  Chairman  Ex.  Com.,  Miss  E  S 
Bouton.  ■     ■ 

n,  1^79-President,  Miss  E.  S.  Bouton  ;  Secretary, 
Mr.  Clarence  Brown;  Chairman  Ex.  Com.  Air  R  M 
Streeter. 

„  ^'^'^Tr''"'^^','^"*'  ^''-  ^-  ^-  Macomber;  Secretary, 
Mrs  A.  M.  t .  Barnes  ;  Chairman  Ex.  Com.,  Mr  J  G 
Gould.  ■     ■ 

18Sl-Presideut,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Walbridge  ;  Sec- 
retary Mr  Wm.  H.  Maher  ;  Chairman  Ex.  Com., 
Miss  E.  S.  Bouton.  ' 

lSS2-Pre.sident,  Rev.  Dr.  Chas.  Cravens;  Secre- 
tary, Mrs  Rosa  L.  Segur;  Chairman  Ex.  Com.,  Mr. 
\Vm.  H.  Maher. 

»,  1^'^3-President,  Mrs.  Rosa  L.  Segur ;  Secretary, 
Mr.  J.  G.  Gould;  Chairman  Ex.  Com.,  Mr  Wm  H 
Jiaher.  '     ' 

,T  1884-President,  Mr.  Wm.  H.  Maher;  Secretary, 
31rs.  P.  J.  Ketcham;  Chairman  Ex.  Com.,  Mr  Clar- 
ence Brown. 

1SS.5— This  year  the  Club  honored  itself  bv 
choosing  Hon.  Richard  Mott  as  its  presiding  officer 
the  Secretary  being  re-elected,  and  Mr.  J.  B.  Battelle 
chosen  Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee 


r 


SOCIA L   OROANIZA  TIONS. 


733 


1886— President,  Mrs.  A.  M.  C.  Barnes ;  Secretary, 
F.  J.  Scott;  Chairman  of  Exocutivo  Committee,  J.  6. 
Gould. 

1887-President,  J.  B.  Battelle;  Secretary,  F.  J. 
Scott ;  Cliairnian  of  Executive  Committee,  Mrs.  K.  L. 
Segur. 

1888 -President,  Mrs.  8.  S.  Bissell  ;  Secretary, 
Mrs.  Emma  E.  Parmelee  ;  Cliairman  of  Executive 
Committee,  Mr.  Geo.  P.  Kirkby. 

BOATING  AND  FISHING. 

In  1872,  20  gentlemen,  residents  of  Toledo, 
associated  tiiemselvos  for  the  provision  of  con- 
veniences for  boating  and  fishing  at  Ten  ]\Iile 
Creek,  whieii  empties  into  Maumce  Bay,  North- 
east of  Toledo.  The  i-csult  of  tw  o  years' 
operations  convinced  them  that  the  location 
was  not  adapted  to  their  purpose,  when  steps 
were  taken  for  other  provision  for  their  object. 

March  16,  1874,  an  organization  on  a  larger 
scale  was  effected  under  the  name  of  the  "  To- 
ledo and  Lake  Erie  Boating  and  Fishing  Asso- 
ciation," with  the  following  named  directors: 
Matthew  Shoemaker,  Stephen  H.  Staudart, 
Henry  J.  Chase,  James  B.  Monroe,  Edward  (). 
Brown,  V.  H.  Ketchani  and  Horatio  E.  Bangs. 
The  following  day  officers  were  chosen,  viz.; 
Mr.  Shoemaker,  President;  J.  B.  Monroe  and 
S.  H.  Standart,  Vice  Presidents;  FrankP.  Isher- 
wood,  Secretary ;  and  Fred.  B.  Shoemaker, 
Treasurer. 

A  committoe  appointed  for  the  purpose  made 
examination  of  different  points  on  Middle  Bass 
and  Put-in  Bay  Islands,  for  the  most  desirable 
location  for  the  Association,  when  the  South- 
west point  of  Middle  Bass  Island  was  selected, 
and  a  contract  made  for  a  Club-House,  which 
was  completed  in  May  following,  at  a  cost  of 
$2,340,  each  member  conti-ibuting  $25.  The 
site,  about  an  acre  in  size,  was  obtained  under 
perpetual  lease,  without  rent,  from  Wm.  Reh- 
berg.  In  May,  the  Club-House  was  opened, 
under  management  of  J.  D.  Bourne.  The  sea- 
son's experience  led  to  such  change  in  the  plan 
as  should  provide  a  summer  resort  for  the 
families  and  friends  of  the  members.  This  in- 
cluded the  construction  of  family  cottages  in 
the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  Club-House,  at 
which  the  meals  of  the  cottage  tenants  were  to 
be  taken. 

The  first  cottage  (that  of  F.  P.  Isherwood) 
was  built  the  same  year  (1874),  to  which  22 
have  been  added,  many  of  them  being  large 
and  commodious,  with  provision  for  120  pei'- 
sons.  Among  the  improvements  since  made, 
have  been  ample  dock  facilities,  a  Boat  House, 
and  Water  Works. 

In  1880,  the  Association  was  organized  under 
the  laws  of  Ohio.  In  1881,  an  assessment  of 
$100  on  each  member  was  made  for  a  new  and 
greatly  enlarged  Club  House,  which  \^  as  com- 
pleted in  June,  1882.  Chiefly  through  efforts 
of  the  ladies  of  the  Club,  a  handsome  Chapel 
has  been  provided,  in  which  religious  services 
are  held  during  each  season.     The  water  supply 


is  ample  for  the  Club  House  and  the  several 
Cottages.  In  1879,  the  Club  extended  its 
grounds,  by  purchasing  that  portion  of  the 
Island  lying  West  of  Grove  Avenue. 

The  limit  of  membership  (200)  lias  been  full 
for  some  time,  the  value  now  being  $300,  or  a 
total  of  §(10,(100.  Tiie  aggregate  value  of  the 
property  of.thc  Association  and  of  the  cottages 
of  mo(nbers,  is  about  $100,000,  which  is  steadily 
gi'owing  through  the  increase  in  the  number  of 
Cottages  and  other  iin])i'ovcmeuts.  It  is  prob- 
ably the  most  successful  establishment  of  tiie 
kind  in  the  chain  of  Lakes.  With  good  steam- 
boat connections  with  Toledo,  Detroit.  Sandus- 
ky and  Cleveland,  it  is  made  accessible  from 
every  direction,  while  the.  range  for  fishing, 
boating,  bathing  and  other  exercise,  is  excep- 
tionally fine. 

The  Association  is  under  a  carefully  devised 
system  ofrules  and  regulations,  which  limit  its 
accommodations  to  members  and  their  families; 
the  latter  include  minor  chiUiren  and  females 
of  the  household.  Beside  these,  invited  guests 
of  members  may  be  admitted  to  accommoda- 
tions not  wanted  by  members.  The  charges  at 
the  Club  House  for  members  and  families  in 
1887  were  as  follows:  Single  meals,  80.50  ;  two 
meals,  $1.00;  one  day  (three  meals),  $1.25  ;  two 
days,  $2.50;  three  days  and  more,  $1.00  each. 
These  rates  are  alike  for  those  lodging  in  Club 
House  or  in  Cottages.  Invited  guests  pay  for 
rooms  50  cents  per  day  extra.  Members  can- 
not hold  rooms  at  the  Club  House  for  more 
than  one  week  to  the  exclusion  of  other  mem- 
bers desiring  accommodations.  One  rule  pro- 
vides that  "  no  intoxicating  liquors  will  be  kejU 
for  sale  or  sold  on  thepremises,  and  all  gaming, 
intoxication  and  offenses  against  morality, 
decency  or  the  laws  of  the  land  are  prohibited." 
The  Cottages  are  all  taken  care  of  by  tlio 
Superintendent  of  the  Club  House. 

The  officers  of  the  Club  for  1887,  were  as 
follows: 

President,  M.  Shoemaker;  Vice  Presidents,  T.  C. 
Rowland,  A.  L.  Kelsey ;  Treasurer,  C.  Cone ;  Secre- 
tarv,  Leander  Burdick  ;  Trustees— 1888,  A.  W.  Scott, 
.James  Rogers,  T.  C.  Rowland;  1889— C.  Cone,  W.  O. 
Parker,  Rowland  Starr  ;  18>H1— Jas.  Clark,  M.  Shoe- 
makee,  F.  P.  Isherwood. 

THE  LADIES'  NATIONAL  COVENANT. 
As  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  progressed,  the 
currency  of  the  country  depreciated,  thus  en- 
hancing" the  i)rices  of  all  articles  purchased, 
and  especiall}-  those  imported  from  abroad, 
whereby  the  ])ecuniary  moans  of  the  countiy 
wore  more  and  more  withdrawn  to  meet  sucli 
im])ortations,  and  the  resources  for  the  sujiport 
of  the  (ioveiTiment  in  its  unparalleled  outlays 
thus  reduced.  So  serious  had  this  matter  be- 
come, that  in  May,  18(54,  a  public  meeting  of 
ladies  was  held  in  Washington  for  the  purpose 
of  devising  measures  for  relief  therefrom,  when 
an  organization  was  effected,  to  be  known  as 


734 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


"  The  Ladies'  National  Covenant,"  the  basis 
and  end  of  whicli  was  set  forth  in  the  pledge 
subscribed  by  its  members,  to  wit: 

For  three  years  or  during  the  War,  we  pledge 
ourselves  to  each  other  and  to  the  country,  not  to 
purchase  imported  goods  where  those  of  American 
manufacture  can  be  obtained.  We  further  pledge 
ourselves  to  purcbase  no  articles  of  foreign  importa- 
tion contained  in  the  following  list :  Dress  goods  of 
velvets,  silks,  grenadines,  India  crape  and  organdies, 
India  lace  and  broche  shawls.  Furs,  wrought  laces 
and  embroideries.  Jewelry,  watches  and  precious 
stones.  Hair  ornaments,  fans,  artificial  flowers  and 
feathers,  carpets,  furniture,  silks  and  velvets,  painted 
china,  ormolu,  bronze,  marble  ornaments  and  mirrors. 

This  pledge,  while  leaving  a  few  ab.solute 
necessaries  free,  cut  off  the  articles  of  luxury, 
which  were  then  svveliing  the  importations  of 
the  country  and  correspondingly'  exhausting 
the  life-blood  of  its  financial  resources. 

May  19th,  a  meeting  of  ladies  of  Toledo  was 
held,  for  the  purpose  of  forming  a  Covenant, 
auxiliary  to  the  National  organization.  The 
pledge  above  quoted  was  adopted,  and  the  fol- 
lowing officers  chosen  :  President,  Mrs.  S.  R. 
L.  Williams;  Vice  President,  Mrs.  S.  A.  Ray- 
mond ;  Recording  Secretar\-,  Miss  Louise  Sizer ; 
Corresponding  Secretary,  Miss  Cannie  Mott. 
The  practical  ends  sougiit  by  the  movement, 
were  the  agitation  of  the  subject,  with  a  view 
to  the  development  of  a  sound  public  senti- 
ment on  the  subject.  Through  discussion  and 
signatures  to  the  pledge,  the  object  was  largely 
successful.  The  names  of  over  500  of  the  most 
influential  women  were  soon  secured  to  the 
Toledo  pledge,  and  an  improved  sentiment 
established. 

TOLEDO  HUMANE  SOCIETY. 

This  Society  was  organized  in  January,  1884, 
having  foi-  its  object  "  Protection  from  Cruelty 
for  Children  and  Animals."  The  first  organi- 
zation having  such  object,  was  started  in  Eng- 
land, about  1825  ;  and  the  pioneer  Societj-  in 
this  country,  in  1866,  in  the  City  of  New  York, 
the  same  having  throughout  that  period  been 
under  the  successful  management  of  Mr.  Henry 
Bergh.  In  24  difterent  States  like  organiza"- 
tions  have  taken  place,  and  eight  in  Canada. 
As  indicating  something  of  the  demand  for 
protection  to  dumb  brutes,  it  was  stated  at  the 
time  that  in  the  Winter  of  1884-.5,  HOO  Sheep 
were  frozen  to  death  on  a  single  Railwa3-  train 
near  Chicago;  while  not  long'before  800  Hogs 
were  suffocated  in  cars.  As  to  animals,  three 
main  objects  are  sought:  1.  Merciful  treatment, 
in  securing  them  wholesome  food  and  water, 
suitable  quarters,  and  protection  from  abuse, 
over-loading,  over-driving  and  the  tortures  of 
the  check-rein.  2,  Merciful  methods  in  trans- 
portation. 3.  Like  methods  in  the  taking  of 
life— whether  of  the  "fishes  of  the  sea,"  the 
"  fowls  of  the  air,"  or  the  "  bea.sts  of  the  field." 
The  no  less  important  object  of  the  Society,  is 
protection  of  Children  from  cruelty  and  abuse. 


Among  the  particulars  in  which  these  demand 
such  protection,  are  drunkenness  on  the  part 
of  those  having  charge  of  Children;  forcing 
them  to  beg,  involving  practice  in  falsehood 
and  deception,  pei-sonal  shame  and  liability  to 
most  demoralizing  influences;  forcing  them  to 
live  in  an  attnosphere  of  moral  impurity,  and 
associate  with  depraved  and  loathsome  charac- 
ters ;  and  abandonment  of  Children  by  those 
responsible  for  their  care  and  protection. 

Reports  made  at  the  first  annual  meeting  of 
the  Toledo  Humane  Societj'  show  something  of 
its  operations  for  the  year.  It  had  taken  37 
Children  from  homes  and  influences  whicii  were 
rapidly  degrading  them,  and  placed  them  in 
different  institutions  in  the  City  and  other 
parts  of  the  State  and  in  good  homes.  Of  the 
number,  14  were  sent  to  the  Toledo  Protestant 
Orphans'  Home;  five  to  St.  Vincent  (Catholic) 
Orphan  Asylum,  Toledo;  four  to  State  Indus- 
trial School  at  Delaware  ;  three  to  Lutheran 
Orphan  Asylum,  East  Toledo,  and  eight  in 
good  homes. 

In  the  department  of  Animals,  153  cases  were 
reported,  including  excessive  beating  of  horses, 
16;  over-driving  horses,  9;  over-loading,  17; 
working  disabled  horses,  23;  working  sick 
horses,  8  ;  starving  or  abandoning  horses,  8; 
crueltj'  to  cattle,  dogs,  etc.,  8  ;  showering  borses 
when  over-heated,  2  ;  shaving  mules'  tails  in 
fly  time,  2  ;  cows  suffering  from  distended  ud- 
ders, 5;  parties  re])rimanded  and  cautioned,  73. 
At  the  c\09e  of  the  first  year,  there  were  two 
life-members,  110  active  members  and  eight 
contributing  members.  The  life-membership 
fee  was  S25  ;  active  membership,  $3.00  per 
year,  and  contributing  membership,  any  sum 
less  than  S3.00. 

The  original  officers  of  the  Society  (for  1884) 
were  as  follows  ;  President,  James  M.  Brown  ; 
1st  Vice  President,  W.  T.  Walker;  2d  Vice 
President,  0.  S.  Bond ;  3d  Vice  President, 
Henry  Kahlo ;  4th  Vice  President,  Mrs.  B.  H. 
Van  Hoesen  ;  5th  Vice  President,  Miss  Cannie 
Mott;  Treasurer,  E.  W.  Lenderson  ;  Secretary, 
J.  W.  Erwin;  Attorney,  Clarence  Brown; 
Phj'sician,  Dr.  E.  M.  Goodwin.  The  officers 
for  1886,  were — J.  M.  Brown,  President;  Vice 
Presidents.  Mrs.  Joel  W.  Kelsey,  O.  S.  Bond, 
Henry  Kalilo,  Mrs.  E.  H.  Van  Hoesen  and  Miss 
Cannie  Mott;  Secretary,  Dr.  H.  A.  Chase; 
Treasurer,  B.  W.  Lenderson. 

TOLEDO  WOMAN'S  EXCHANGE. 

In  response  to  public  call,  some  50  ladies  of 
Toledo  met  at  the  parlors  of  the  Boody  House, 
March  14,  1883,  for  the  organization  of  an  asso- 
ciation to  be  known  as  the  Toledo  Woman's 
Exchange,  the  object  of  whicli  was  declared  to 
be  "  to  encourage  artistic  and  domestic  indus- 
tries for  women,  to  secure  the  best  market  for 
first-class  articles,  and  to  provide  a  suitable 
place  for  their  exhibition  and  .sale."  Under 
the   constitution,  any    woman  could  become  a 


SOCIAL  MISCELLANY. 


735 


iiieiiibei;  ot  the  Exchange,  who  should  subscribe 
to  its  constitution  and  pay  annuailj-  tiie  fee  of 
$3.00,  none  but  members  Ijciny;  entitled  to  send 
articles  for  sale.  Five  Committees  were  pro- 
vided for  —  on  Finance,  on  Artistic  Indus- 
tries, on  Domestic  Industries,  on  Hdibles,  and 
on  Investigation  anti  Employment.  These  had 
chargeoftheentire  operations  of  the  I'jxchange. 
The  contributors ol  articles  tix  their  own  pi'ices 
thereto,  of  which  10  percent,  was  retained  for 
selling. 

The  original  officers  were  as  follows :  Presi- 
dent, Miss  Janet  C.  Lewis;  First  Vice  Presi- 
dent, Miss  PjUa  E.  Daniels;  (Second  Vice  Pres- 
ident, Miss  Carrington;  Third  Vice  President, 
Miss  Helen  Baldwin  ;  Recording  Secretarj', 
Mrs.  F.  J.  Hoag ;  Corresponding  Secretary, 
Miss  Tempie  Reed  ;  Treasurer,  Miss  Matilda 
Worthington.  Subsequently,  Mrs.  B.  E.  Bul- 
lock was  elected  Recoi-ding  Secretary,  Cice  Mrs. 
Hoag,  resigned. 

The  first  year's  operations  showed  the  sales 
to  have  amounted  to  $5,458  18;  of  which  $4,- 
912. 3tj  was  paid  to  contributors.  After  paying 
expenses,  there  was  left  a  balance  on  hand  of 
$416.07.  The  sales  were  divided  thus:  By 
Artistic  Committee,  $285.75 ;  by  Domestic 
Committee,  $953.53;  by  Edible  Committee, 
$4,280.57.  Of  the  latter,  $2,787.34  was  for 
Cakes  sold  ;  $422.48,  for  3,942  loaves  of  Bread  ; 
$177.63  for  711  dozen  Fried  Cakes;  $278.38,  for 
Fruit  and  Pickles;  $125.99  for  435  Pies  ;  $157. 
43  for  Butter;  $119.52  for  593  dozen  BLscuits; 
and  $217.80  for  Salads,  etc. 

The  Exchange  was  maintained  with  varying 
results,  until  the  Fall  of  1887,  by  the  organiza- 
tion which  had  managed  it  for  four  years.  It 
then  passed  into  the  hands  of  Miss  Jennie  Nor- 
ton, bj-  whom  it  is  now  conducted. 

PLACES  FOR  ENTEETAINMENT. 

The  first  room  provided  in  Toledo,  s]iecially 
for  theatrical  and  otiier  public  entertainments, 
was  Union  Hall,  South  side  Summit  Street, 
near  Oak.  It  was  built  in  1850  by  Thomas 
Dunlap.  Following  that,  during  the  same 
year,  was  a  like  room  in  what  was  called  Duell 
Block,  Summit  Street  (North  side),  between 
Jefferson  and  Monroe.  The  third  provision  of 
the  kind  «  as  Stickney  Hall,  242-244  Summit 
Street,  in  1855,  built  by  Air.  Dunlap.  For  a 
period  of  six  years,  the  latter  was  the  favorite 
place  for  jjublic  gatherings  of  most  sorts.  In  it 
were  not  only  theatrical  and  other  entertain- 
ments, but  for  much  of  the  time  religious  ser- 
vices were  held  there.  An  incident  occurring 
there  will  indicate  something  of  the  lialiilities 
of  such  association  with  the  use  of  the  Hall.  At 
one  time  on  the  Sal^bath,  when  Rev.  F.  B.  Raf- 
fensperger,  Pastor  of  the  First  Presbyterian 
Church,  was  holding  services  there,  he  was 
much  surprised  at  the  close  of  a  prayer  offered 
by  him,  to  find  a  large  portion  of  his  congrega- 


tion struggling  with  su])pre88ed  laughter.  Tlio 
explanation  was  soon  found  in  the  flitting  to 
and  fro  on  the  stage  behind  him  of  two  or  three 
rabbits,  belonging  to  a  stock  of  trained  animals, 
which  were  on  exhibition  the   night  ])rcvious. 

The  fourth  j^i-ovision  made  for  public  enter- 
tainment, was  what  is  known  as  White  Hall, 
No.  217-221  Summit  Street.  It  was  built  by 
Mr.  A.  M.  White, of  New  York, and  completed  in 
■1861.  For  a  i)eriod  of  10  years,  this  was  the 
principal  Public  Hall  in  the  City.  In  187-, 
Wheeler's  Ojjcra  House  was  built  at  the  North- 
east corner  of  Monroe  and  St.  Clair  Streets.  It 
was  erected  by  the  family  of  Lyman  Wheeler, 
and  yet  continues  to  be  largest  and  most  com- 
modious place  of  the  kind  in  Toledo. 

The  latest  jirovision  of  this  sort  is  Memorial 
Hall,  at  the  Southwest  corner  of  Adams  and 
Ontario  Streets,  dedicated  February  22,  1887, 
which  is  more  fully  described  on  pages  261-263 
of  this  work. 

Beside  those  above  mentioned  there  now  are 
in  the  Cit3'  a  variety  of  buildings  more  or  less 
used  as  places  of  resort,  but  chiefly  by  organ- 
izations of  various  kinds. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

A  Convention  of  "  Fat  Men  "  was  held  at 
Put-in  Bay,  September  10th  and  11th,  1874,  at 
which  50  persons  were  present,  whose  weights 
ranged  from  200  to  436,  tlie  latter  being 
Thos.  Grager,  of  Clyde,  Sanduky  County,  the 
next  to  him  (428  lbs.)  being  J.  U.  Templeton, 
of  Swanton,  Lucas  County.  Various  diverting 
exercises  were  had.  A  supper  and  a  dance  took 
place  in  the  evening  at  the  Put-in  Bay  House. 
The  officers  of  the  Convention  were:  Presi- 
dent, H.  B.  O'Hagan,  Sandusky ;  Honorary 
President,  J.  G.  Templeton ;  Vice  President, 
B.  H.  Boynton,  Elyria;  Secretary,  Dr.  D.  P. 
Charaberlin,  Toledo  ;  Treasurer,  T.  H.  B.  Davis, 
Toledo. 

In  March,  1842,  the  Western  Emigation  As- 
sociation was  organized  in  Toledo,  with  the 
following  officers:  President,  Peter  H.  Shaw; 
Vice  President,  F.  L.  Nichols  ;  Treasurer, 
Edmund  Fitch  ;  Recording  Secretary,  Robert 
Jeffrey  ;  Corresponding  Secretary,  'I'ruman  C. 
Everts. 

At  a  meeeting  of  the  resident  Scotchmen  of 
Toledo,  held  November  30,  1867,  in  honor 
of  St.  Andrew's  Day,  a  "St.  Andrew's  Society" 
was  organized,  with  the  following  officers,  to 
wit:  President,  A.  li.  Brownlee  ;  .Vice  Presi- 
dent, James  Young;    Secretai-y,  John  Faskin  ; 

Treasurer,  Peter  Scott;  Managers,  Ross, 

Carruthers,  J.  P.  Jones,  U.  Mcintosh,  and 

James  Wylie. 

The  Toledo  Musical  Association,  organized 
in  January,  1850,  was  officered  as  follows  : 
Presitient,  Joel  W.  Kelscy  ;  Secretary,  Chas. 
O'Hara;  Treasurer,  Wm.  II.  Sizer ;  Leader, 
Harrison  H.  Dodd. 


7:?t> 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


The  Friendly  Sons  of  St.  Patrick  held  an 
iiniuial  nicetina;  February  17,  1859,  when  the 
following  officers  were  chosen  :  President,  Dr. 
T.  P.  Norris;  1st  Vice  President,  Patricli  Gra- 
ham; 2d  Vice  President,  M.  M.  Goulden  ;  Re- 
cording Secretary,  Declan  Allen  ;  Correspond- 
ing Secretary,  Patrick  H.  Galloway ;  Treas- 
urer, Felix  Connolly ;  Banner  Bearer,  Wm. 
Kehoe  ;  Messenger,  Timothy  O'Connor.  Execu- 
tive Committee:  Thomas  Brophy,  Michael 
Carney,  Thos.  Tiernan,  Thos.  Ward,  Jos.  Fitz- 
patricii,  Bernard  Toole,  Timothy  Bradley,  John 
Keegan,  Timothy  Bates. 

Few  pioneers  of  Northwestern  Ohio  were  as 
well  known,  or  have  been  more  kindly  remem- 
bered, than  was  Andrew  (alias  "  Count")  Coffin- 
bury,  a  Lawyer  who  made  his  home  at  differ- 
ent places  in  this  section.  Withal,  hehati  quite 
a  '•  turn  "  for  poetry,  of  which  he  produced 
not  a  little  for  the  press,  while  his  longer  pro 
duction  (''the  Forest  Rangers")  was  published 
in  a  volume.  Among  his  shorter  pieces,  was 
the  following,  furnished  the  Blade  in  Decem- 
ber, 1843: 

CONTENTMENT  IN  A  COT. 

BY   A.    COFFINBURY. 

Why  should  we  sigh  for  paltry  gold, 

And  horde  a  needless  store, 
Which,  if  increased  a  thousand  fold. 

But  makes  a  thirst  for  more? 
High  Heaven  bids  us  reconcile 

Our  wishes  to  our  lot : 
And  thus  enjoy,  with  cheerful  smile, 

Contentment  in  a  cot. 

Just  Heaven  hath  gifts  conferred 

Unto  the  rich  or  proud— 
Oft  stalks  an  agonizing  mind, 

In  fashion's  dazzling  crowd. 
And  yet.  with  naught  of  earthly  show, 

The  pearl  of  price  is  bought. 
For  all  the  poor,  if  wise,  may  know 

Contentment  in  a  cot. 

'Tis  rare  that  gold  content  can  give. 

Or  e'en  suppress  a  sigh — 
We  need  but  little,  while  we  live. 

And  nothing  when  we  die. 
If  healthful  toil  be  exercised, 

And  wisdom's  precepts  sought, 
Then  duly  will  be  left  and  prized 

Contentment  in  a  cot. 

Give  me  this  day  my  needful  bread, 

And  strength  to  toil  for  more ; 
I  will  not  covet  proud  parade, 

Or  ucedless  glittering  store. 
Why  should  I  sigh  for  fields  or  plains  ? 

My  needs  require  them  not : 
I  would  not  change  forearth'a  domains 

Contentment  in  a  cot. 

CENSUS  STATISTICS,   OHIO  AND   LUCAS 
COUNTY. 


POPILATION. 

10th  Census, 
9th 
8th 
7th 
6th 
5th 
4th 
3d 
2d 
let 


1880 3,198,0(i2 

1870 2,66,3,260 

1860 2,339,511 

18.50 1,980,329 

1840 1,519,467 

1830 937,903 

1820 581,295 

1810 230,760 

1800 45,365 

1790 


STATE.        COUNTY. 

67,377 
46,722 
25,831 
12,361 
9.382 


By  Naiiviiy 

— 

Native   born, 

1880. 

Foreign     " 

1880. 

Native      " 

1870, 

Foreign    " 

1870 

Native      " 

1860 

Foreign     " 

1860 

By  Race — 

White 

_18S0 

Colored 

_1S80 

White 

.1870 

Colored 

-1870 

White 

_1860 

Colored 

.1860 

By  Sex- 
Males  1880 

Females 1880 

By  School,  Milihny  and  Voting 

Males,  5  to  17  years,  1880 

Females,        ""  1880 

Males,  18  to  44vears,1880 

Males,  21  and  over,  1880 __ 


State. 
2,803,119 

394.343 
2,292,767 

372,493 
2,011,262 

328,249 

3,117,920 
79,900 

2,001,946 
63,213 

2,302,808 
36.673 

1,613,936 
1,584,126 
Age— 

479,710 
471,568 
647,092 
826,577 


County. 
50,023 
17,354 
.32,603 
14,119 
17,408 
8,423 

66,281 

1,093 

45,944 

776 

25,.5.53 


34,002 
33,  .375 


9,698 

9,965 

14,444 

17,836 


Property   Valuation— 
Real  estate 

Personal  property 


.ST.\TE.  COrNTY. 

.11.093,667.705    $15,993,076 
^      440.682.803        7,600,350 


Total 1,-534,360,508 

Taxation — 

State 4,480,489 

Countv 6.131,.502 

Local 1.5,144,667 


Total 


Indebtedness- 
Bonded  debt. 
Floating  debt 

Gross  debt  . 

Sinking  fund. 
Net  debt 


25,756,658 


53,654,507 

823,086 

54,477,-593 

5,721,139 

48,756,454 


Live  Stock  and  its  Productions — 

Horses,                   No 736.478 

Mules  and  Asses,   "    19,481 

Working  Oxen,      " 82,226 

Milch  Cows,            "    767,043 

Other  Cattle,           "    1,084,917 

Sheep,                       '■    4,903,486 

Swine,                     "    3,141.333 

Wool,                    Lbs 25,003,7-56 

Milk,                    Gils 46,801,537 

Butter,                  Lbs 67.634,263 

Cheese,                    "    2,170,245 

Manufactures,  1879 — 

Establishments,    No 20.699 

Capital $188,939,614 

Average  hands  employed — 

Males  above  16,     No 

Females  above  15,  "    

Children  and  Youths  __ 

Wages  during  year,    

Materials,  

Products,  


152,217 

18,-563 

12,829 

$  62,103,800 

215,334,258 

348,298,390 


Farm  Areas  and  Values,  1879 — 

Farms,  No 245 

Improved  Lands,  Acres..         18,081, 
Value,  with  buildings,  etc.  $1,127,497 


Value  of  improvements..  30,521 

Value  of  Live  Stock 103,70 

Cost  of  repairs,  1879 4,863,' 

Cost  of  fertilizers,  1879  .. .  550, 

Est.  value  productions 156,777, 


189 
091 
,353 
180 
730 
063 
029 
152 


23,593,426 


68,425 
120,796 
725,873 

915,094 


3,68.^,897 

84,197 

3,768,094 

141,-546 

3,626.508 


5,352 

113 

49 

6,007 

5,785 

9,1,59 

19,114 

41,873 

354,851 

508,281 

600 

282 
$693,375 

5,339 

1,045 

695 

$     185,683 

6,924,629 

11,402,919 

2,0,56 

98,798 

$8,883,018 

284,468 

618,122 

41,952 

738 

1,323,494 


STATISTICS. 


737 


Vegetable  products— 

Cereals— Barley, 

Buckwheat, 
Indian  Corn, 
Oats, 
Eve, 
Wheat, 
Products,     _ 
Tons^. 
(Irish),   bu._ 
(Sweet)    "  - 

Tobacco,  Lbs.. 


bu. 


Orchard 

Hay, 

Potatoes 


State. 

1,707,120 

280,299 

111,877,124 

2S,6()4,504 

389,221 

411,014,869 

P,576,242 

2,210,923 

12,719,215 

239,578 

34,735,235 


County. 

13,517 

8,744 

740,589 

262,510 

7,448 

346,931 

157,642 

20,276 

202,572 

80 

551 


10  to  15  Years— Male 

"  Female 

16  to  59  Years-Male 

"  Female 

fSO  and  ovcr-ilale 

"  Female 

Nativity— United  States 

"  Ireland- 

"  Germany 

■'  Great  Britain 

"  Scandinavia 

"  British    America.. 

Other  t^ountries.. 


NATIVE  POPULATION"    OF   TOLEDO — 1880. 


Aggregate  Population 

Born  in  the  United  States. 

Alabama 26 

Arkansas - 

California 6 

Colorado 11 

Connecticut 199 

Delaware 21 

Florida 1 

17 


Georgia 

Uhnois -*' 

Indiana 61/ 

Iowa "i^ 

Kansas l^J 

Kentucky 194 

Louisiana Ijf 

Maine ^^ 

Maryland I-IS 

Massachusetts 343 

Michigan "^'^In 

Minnesota 20 

Mississippi 2L 


.     ..  ,50,137 
35,788 

Missouri 80 

Nebraska 8 

Nevada 1 

New  Hampshire 82 

New  Jersey 161 

New  York 3,195 

North  Carohna 69 

Ohio 26,254 

Oregon 2 

Pennsylvania ^'^^3, 

Rhode  Island 

South  Carolina ... 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Vermont 

Virginia 194 

West  Virginia 12 

Wisconsin 105 

New  Mexico 2 

Utah 2 


29 

22 

30 

8 

205 


FOREIGN    POPULATION   OP  TOLEDO — 1880. 

Total  Population 50,137 

Foreign  born I4,ci-iy 


*Asia 

Atlantic  Islands 2 

Australia 3 

Austria  proper 47 

Belgium 22 

Bohemia 34 

British  America 1,427 

Canada . 1,395 

New  Brunswick..  7 

Newfoundland.--  3 

Nova  Scotia " 

Prince  Edw'd  Isl..  12 

*British  America.  2 

Chih <■ 

Cuba ^1 

Denmark 74 

*Europe __22 

France 304 

German  Empire 6,809 

Baden -176 

Bavaria 321 

Brunswick 1 

Hamburgh 32 

Hanover 331 

Hessen 193 

Mecklenburg 503 

Nassau 2 

Oldenburg 3 

*  Particular  portion  not  specified 


*Prussia 2,413 

Saxony 62 

Wuertemburg 332 

^Germany 2,140 

Gt.  Britain  &  Ireland  4,040 

England 899 

Ireland 2,941 

Scotland 180 


18 


Wales 

*Great  Britain 

Greece 

Holland 

Hungary 

India 

Italy  

Liixemburg 

Mexico 

Norway 

Poland 

Portugal 

Russia 

South  America.- 

Spain 

Sweden  

Switzerland 648 

Turkey -1 

West  Indies 22 

At  Sea 3 


1 
92 
55 

1 

17 
27 

2 

(i 
603 

1 


17 

O 

3 
50 


..  1 


Engaged  in  Agriculture. 

Persons  so  occupied  

Male 

Female 

Nativity — United  States 

"  Ireland 

"  CTcrmany 

"  Great  Britain 

"  Other   Countries 


In  Proft 

Persons  engaged 

Male ^— 

Female 

Nativity— United  States-.-, 
"      '      Ireland 

"  Germany 

"  Great  Britain 

"  British  America  _ 

"  Other  Countries 


onal  and  Personal  Services. 


265 

158 

3,964 

2,821 

446 

37 

0,478 

1,490 

3,523 

546 

37 

716 

901 


334 
331 

169 
18 
78 
27 
42 


6,065 

4,174 

1,891 

3,396 

839 

1,111 

143 

245 

331 


In  Trade  and  Transportation. 


5,081 

4,953 

128 


150 
160 
241 


Persons  engaged 

Male 

Female „  „.,, , 

Nativity— United  States •''■^-o 

Ireland ^^f 

"  Germany ;;f" 

"  Great  Britain  

"  British   America 

"  Other  Countries 

In   Manufacturing,   Mechanical  and   Mining. 

Persons  engaged ^2'l\l 

Male    ^'^.J^ 

Female „  i^t 

Nativity-United  States -— -i'2.%' 

Ireland 339 

Germany '  '^^^ 

Great  Britain -^"J 

British  America f,q 

Other  Countries 3.3l 

Charles  A.  Lamb  took  an  enumeration  of  the 
i)opulation  of  Lucas  County  in  July,  August, 
September  and  October,  1850,  with  the  follow- 
ing result : 


Port  Lawrence  (including  Toledo) 

Wavnesfleld  (including  Maumee  City) 


3,970 

2,375 


Wa.shington l'J,°" 


PERSONS  IN  CLASSES  OF  OCCUPATIONS  IN  TOLEDO,  1880. 

Persons  occupied..- }','c^t 

All  ages-Male o'^^ia 

Female 3,016 


Waterville  . 

Springfield --  '' 

Sylvania-..  '^ 

INIanhattan 
Providence 

Oregon     '^" 

Richfield ^^ 

Spencer ^„, 

Wing — -- ^ 

12,339 


945 
77 
2 
528 
483 
416 


738 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Population  of  Toledo  at  the  dates  named,  as 
shown  by  census  enumerations  : 

1840,  returned  in  Juno 1,232 

1844,  ••         February  4th 1,673 

1845,  "        January  1st 1,925 

1846 2.153 

1847,  returned  August  1st 2,774 

1852.  •■        January  1st 6,412 

1853.  "        December  1st <S  497 

1860,        "        June 13,768 

1865,  "        December  1st 19,509 

1866,  "        September  7th 24,401 

1868,        '■        June  2d 30,068 

TOWNS  AND  VILLAGES  IN  NORTHWESTERN  OHIO. 


Township. 

County. 

Population. 

Namenf  Village. 

1880. 

164 
l.--i75 
635 
311 
445 
],5.3» 
130 

asi 

18a 

•2,0.52 

1,39-3 

113 

a4s 

S59 
782 
96 
292 
120 
216 
245 
164 
287 

3:12 
2.31 

381 
218 

1870. 

"717 
372 

'270 
906 

lis 

2.288 
.578 

'630 

hi'- 
'm 

1860. 

Ai 

Fulton 

Crane 

German 

Bloom 

Van  Bnren 

Bloom 

Fulton 

Paulding 

Fulton — 

Wood 

.... 

Archbald 

Belmore 

Bowling  Green... 
Blooradale 

Putnam 

Wood 

Wood 

Wood 



Bradner 

Montgomery  .. 

^foblc  ...  

Pula-ski 

Pleasarit 

Washington—. 

Milton 

York 

St.  Joseph 

Bloom 

Tiffin 

Brunersburg 

Bryan 

Columbus  Grove. 
Colton 

Defiance 

Williams 

Putnam 

194 
1,064 

Wood 

Fulton 

Williams 

Wood 

Delta 

Edgerton 

Eagleville 

.... 

Defiance 

Defiance  

Wood 

Farmer  Center  . . 
Freeport 

Farmer 

Montgomery  .. 

Flat  Rock 

Jennings 

31anehard 

Weston 

llarion 

Middletown... 

Jackson  

Pleasant 

Springfield 

Richland 

.\uglaize 

.... 

Florida.-. 

Fort  Jennings  ... 

Gilboa 

Grand  Rapids 

Uamler 

Raskins 

Hovtsville 

lI.iK'ate 

Putnam 

Putnam 

Wood 

Henry — 

Wood 

Wood 

Henr5' 

Lucas 

Defiance 

Wood— 

Paulding 

Putnam 

Putnam 

Wood    

"311 

Holland 

Independence  ... 

.Terry  City 

Junction 

Kalida 

95,  .... 

TO   .... 

224   

198!  .... 

Keiferville 

Latcha 

Palmer 

Lake 

Rovaltou 

Liberty 

Harrison 

Mark 

65 

91 

219 

est 

73 
210 
168 

90 

483 

106 

3,032 

100 

2i 

71 
250 
159 
1.129 
195 
1,9(19 
644 
754 

'304 
.344 
335 
19.i 
662 
523 
1.780 
1,905 
884 
554 
698 
222 

'200 
2',6i8 

^835 

'638 

145 

'671 

l',779 

1.474 

537 

Lyons    

Leipsic 

Fulton 

Putnam  ._ 

Paulding    ..  .. 

Defiance 

Fulton 

Williams 

Wood 

Wood 

Malotville 

Mark  Center... 

.... 

Matamora... 

Melbern 

.\mbov 

Center  

Lake  

Milton 

Napoleon 

Providence  ... 

Brown 

Henry 

Washington... 
Dover 

.... 

Millbury 

Milton  Center 

Napoleon 

Neapolis 

Henry  

.... 

Newburg 

Paulding 

Wood 

North  Baltimore 



North  Toledo 
Ottokee 

Lucas 

Fulton 

Putnam 

Fulton 

Wood 

Wood _ 

Williams 

Putnam 

Wood 

Ottawa 

Ottawa 

Clinton 

Perrysburg 

Freedom 

Madison 

Riley 

Liberty,tPor'ge 
Montgomery  .. 
Swan  Creek... 

Delaware 

Springfield 

Sylvania 

Waynesfield... 

Clinton 

Brady 

Waterville  .. 

Weston.... 

Perry 

105 
1^494 

PettLsville 

Perrysburg 

Pemberville 

Pioneer 

Pendleton 

Portage 

Rising  Sun 

Swanton 

.Sherwood 

Strvker  ... 
Sylvania 

Wood 

Fulton 

Defiance 

Williams 

;;;; 

Maumee 

Wauseon,. 

Lucas 

Fulton  .. 
Williams  .... 

L69i 

West  Unity  ... 
Whitehouse. 

Weston  .. 

Wood 

""•" 

WestMillgrove.. 

Wood.- 

MISCELLANEOUS  STATISTICS. 

Population  of   Cities  of  Ohio  having  4,000 
and  over  of  inhabitants  in  1880: 


Name. 

County. 

1870 

1880 

Akron 

10,006 
4,063 

16,512 
4,636 

Alliance 

Stark  

Ashtabula 

Ashtabula 

1,999 

4,445 

Bellaire 

Belmont 

4,033 

8,025 

Canton _     . 

Stark     ... 

8,660 
8,920 
5,407 

12,2.58 

Chillicothe .     .     . 

Ross            -      _     _ 

10,938 

Circleville 

Pickawav 

6,046 

Cleveland 

Cuvahoga 

92,829 

160,146 

Columbus 

Franklin 

31,274 

51 ,647 

Dayton           . 

Moutgomer)' 

Defiance.  

30,473 

2,750 

38,678 

Defiance 

5,907 

Delaware 

Delaware 

5,641 

6,894 

Kast  Liverpool 

Columbiana  __  — 

2,105 

5,668 

Elvria.  ... 

3,038 
3,315 
5,4-55 

4,777 

Findlay 

Hancock 

4,633 
8,446 
5,035 

Fremont  . 

Sanduskv 

Gallon  . 

Crawford . 

3,523 
3,711 

Gallipolis.-_ 

Gallia.      _..._. 

4,400 

Hamilton.     _ 

Butler 

11,081 
5,()S6 

12,121 

Ironton 

Lawrence 

8,857 

Lancaster 

Fairfield 

4,725 

6,803 

Lima 

.\llen 

4,500 
8,029 

7,.567 

Mansfield . .. 

Richland 

9,859 

Marietta 

Washington .. 

5,218 

5,444 

Massillon  .. 

Stark  

5,185 

6,836 

Middletown 

Butler.         

3,046 

4,538 

Mount    V'ernon... 

Knox  ..     

4,876 

5,249 

Newark  . 

Licking 

Huron 

6,698 

9.600 

Norwalk  .     . 

4,498 
5,967 
5,824 

5,704 

Piqua 

Miami  _       .  .  _     _ 

6,031 

Pomerov 

Meigs. .     

5,560 

Portsmouth 

Scioto 

10,592 

11, .321 

Salem. 

Columbiana 

3,700 

4.041 

Sandusky 

Erie 

13,000 

1.5,838 

Springfield ... 

Clark 

12,652 

20,730 

Steubenville 

Jeflferson 

8,107 

12,093 

Tiffin 

Seneca.     .  -  . 

5,648 

7,879 

Toledo. 

Lucas 

31,584 

4,276 

.50,137 
6,2,52 

Urbana 

Champaign 

Van  Wert 

Van  Wert 

2,625 

4,079 

Warren           _  _  _ 

Trumbull 

3,4.57 

4,428 

Wooster 

Wavne 

5,419 

5,840 

Xenia     ... 

Greene 

6,377 
8,075 

7,026 

Young.stown 

Mahoning  _.. 

15,4.35 

Zanesville 

Muskingum 

10,011 

18,113 

lowing  table  : 

year.                                         Toledo.  Columbus.  Daulon. 

1840 1.232  6,487  6,067 

1.8.50 3..S29  17,882  10,976 

Increa.se 2,-597  11,395  4,909 

Increase, per  cent..        210  174  80 

1860 13,768  18.550  20,0.S6 

Increase 9,939  668  9,110 

Increase,  percent..        260  4  45 

1870 31,693  31, .336  30,366 

Increase 17,925  11,786  10,280 

Increase,  percent-.        127  63  51 

1880 50,137  51,647  -38,678 

Increase 18,444  20,311  8,312 

Increase,  percent.-          60  65  27 


OHIO'S  CENTENNIAL. 


739 


As  shown  above,  much  the  oldest  of  those 
Cities  in  settlement  is  Dayton,  which  was 
among  tiie  first  points  attracting  settlers  from 
the  South  and  East  in  the  Great  Miami  Valley, 
whose  rich  agricultural  resources  soon  gave 
life  and  prosperity  to  many  YiUages.  Thus 
started,  Dayton  was  in  position  to  receive  spe- 
cial benefits  from  the  Miami  Caual,  connecting 
her  with  the  Ohio,  and  constituting;  her  the 
second  commercial  point  in  Southwestern  Ohio. 
This  special  advantage  was  largely  removed  by 
the  Railway  system,  which  soon  divided  Day- 
ton's trade  with  many  neighboring  places,  and 
thus  checked  its  growth.  Columbus,  from  its 
real  start,  was  chiefly  depenilent  for  growth 
upon  advantages  as  the  Capital  of  the  State,  its 
j^opulatiou  being  materially  augmented  by  the 
inmates  of  the  various  State  institutions.  Be- 
tween 1S60  and  1880,  the  City's  advance  was 
greatlj'  stimulated  by  the  remarkable  develop- 
ment of  manufactures,  chiefly  in  iron,  caused 
by  cheap  and  abundant  coal  and  iron.  To 
that  cause,  cliiefl}%  is  to  be  attributed  the  ex- 
ceptional growth  of  that  City  during  tiie  period 
named,  an  advantaije  which  is  not  likely  to 
operate  as  effectively  in  coming  years  As 
stated  elsewhere,  Toledo's  t  \  o  chief  sources  of 
growth,  aside  from  its  L;ike  positioa.  h:ivo 
been  the  advantages, she  possessed  in  both 
Canal  and  Raihvav  facilities.  Fortunately, 
tliese  two  sources  of  streni:tl)  were  joined  from 
almost  the  start — the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo,  the 
pioneer  Railway  of  the  West,  in  ISHti,  followed 
by  the  Miami  and  Wabash  Canals  in  1843  and 
'45.  These  powerful  agencies  have  continued 
in  their  aids  to  the  present,  though  the  Canals 
have  been  largely  reduced  in  force.  To  other 
advantages,  the  City  for  some  years  past  has 
been  receiving  increased  strength  from  the 
manufacturing  interests  so  rapidly  developed, 
which  promise,  from  this  time  on,  to  be  more 
effective  than  will  be  those  of  Columbus. 

The  following  table,  giving  the  population 
of  Lake  points,  as  shown  by  the  census  in 
1830,  and  50  years  later,  has  interest,  as  indi- 
cating something  of  hopes  realized,  and  not  a 
little  of  "great  expectations  "  disappointed  : 

1830  1880 

Buffalo .%652  155,134 

Erie,  Penn 1,329  27,737 

Cleveland l,07ii  160,146 

Sandu-sky  City 400  15,8.38 

Huron 400  1,038 

Fremont 361  8,446 

Perrysburg 182  1,900 

Maumee  Citv 2.50  1,783 

Toledo ". 30  50,113 

Detroit 2,222  116,340 

Chicago 100  .506,000 

Milwaukee 20  11 5, .587 

Totals 10,072  1, 1(10,062 

In  1815,  Elkanah  Watson,  a  special  friend  of 
Dr.  Franklin  and  the  Adamses,  made  an  esti- 


mate of  the  population  of  the  United  States  for 
the  succeeding  90  years,  which  compares  wit!) 
the  results  to  this  time,  as  follows  : 

Estimate.  RcmUx. 

1820 9,025,734  9,633,861 

1830 .- 12,83.3,645  12,866,020 

1840 17,11(1,526  17,069,565 

18.50. __   _  .   23,135,363  2:1,191,876 

1860 31,753,8:!4  31.445,080 

1870 ._   42,328,432  38,5.58,371 

1880 .56,1.50,241  50,15.5,783 

1890 77,-526,989         

1900 100,3.50,985         

OHIO'S  CENTENNIAL. 

March  12,  1886,  the  Legislature  of  Ohio 
passed  an  act  "  to  provide  for  the  holding  of  a 
Centennial  Exjjosition  at  the  Capital  of  the 
State,  in  September,  1888,  demonstrating  the 
material  and  educational  progress  and  growth 
of  the  State  during  its  first  century."  The 
reasons  for  and  jmrpose  of  such  movement,  are 
set  forth  in  the  preamble  to  the  act,  wliich  is 
as  follows : 

Whereas,  The  year  1888  marks  the  end  of  a  cen- 
tury since  the  first  permanent  settlement  was  made 
in  the  State  of  Ohio;  and  whereas,  this  century  lias 
been  one  of  greatest  proiiress  in  the  history  of  civil- 
ization, a  progress  in  which  Ohio  has  taken  a  leading 
part ;  and,  whereas,  it  is  not  only  practicable  but  de- 
sirable, that  the  people  of  Ohio  should  com  memo- 
rate  in  some  appropriate  manner  the  close  of  the 
first  century  of  our  history,  and  the  beginning  of  the 
second. 

Under  authority  thus  given,  arranirements 
are  now  in  progress  for  such  celebration, 
to  commence  September  4,  and  clo.se  Oc- 
tober 19,  1888.  Following  is  the  Board  of 
Directors,  under  whose  management  the  Expo- 
sition is  to  take  place  : 

Governor  J.  B.  Foraker,  President. 
H.  T.  Chittenden,  Columbus.  Vice  President. 
S.  H.  Hurst,  Chillicothe,  Director  General. 
L.  B.  Harris,  Upper  Sandusky,  Treasurer. 
W.  S.  Foster,  IJrbana. 
C.  D.  Bailey.  Gallipolis. 
.1.  C  Levering,  Leverings. 
Henry  Talcott,  Jefferson. 
L.  N.'Bonham.  Columbus,  Secretary. 
A.  A.  Graham,  J.  \V.  Fleming.  Columbus,  Assist- 
ant Secretaries. 

The  .scope  of  the  Exposition  is  shown  by  tlie 
following  named  departments; 

1.  History  and  .-Vrchieology.  2. 'Science  .and  Edu- 
cation. 3.  Fine  and  Industrial  .Vrts.  4.  Agriculture. 
5.  Horticulture.  l>.  Floriculture  and  Forestry.  7. 
Livestock.  8.  Mining  and  Metallurgy.  9.  Mechan- 
ics and  Machinery.  10.  Manufactures.  11.  Mer- 
chandise. 12.  Commerce  and  Transjiortation.  13. 
Printing  and  Journalism.  14.  Woman's  Work.  15. 
Public  Services  and  Charities. 

The  Directors,  in  their  announcement  of  the 
projiosed  Exposition,  state  that  it 

Will  be  demonstrative  of  a  most'  wonderful  his- 
tory. The  first  century  in  the  life  of  our  State  has 
been,  perhajis,  the  most  wonderful  in  the  history  of 
the  race.     The  clearing  away  of  the  wilderness  ;  the 


740 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


hardships  of  our  pioneer  life  ;  the  growth  of  our 
population  ;  the  development  of  our  vast  resources  ; 
the  accumulation  of  wealth  ;  the  building  of  flourish- 
ing Cities  ;  the  establishment  of  Public  Schools  ;  the 
endowment  of  Colleges  and  Universities  ;  the  build- 
ing of  our  vast  Railway  system  ;  the  development  of 
Arts;  the  ailvancemeiit  hi  general  Education;  our 
contribution  to  the  defense  of  the  Nation's  life  ;  the 
building  and  enrichment  of  a  million  homes  ;  the  in- 
vention and  application  of  labor-saving  machinery  ; 
our  great  improvements  in  animal  industry— all  these 
things  are  the  material  of  a  wonderful  history,  which 
we  would  combine  and  crystallize  in  the  great  indus- 
ti'ial  Ivxposition  of  our  first  centennial  year. 

The  Exposition  will  be  held  about  two  miles 
Northeast  of  the  State  House,  in  the  City  of  Colum- 
bus, on  a  beautiful  plateau  comprising  over  100  acres, 
the  property  of  the  State  of  Ohio.  It  will  be  opened 
with  grand  and  impo.sing  ceremonies,  in  which  the 
military  of  Ohio  will  take   an   important   part.    The 


President  of  the  United  States  and  the  members  of 
his  Cabinet ;  tlie  Governors  of  each  of  the  States  of 
the  Union  and  their  stati's;  the  Senators  and  Repre- 
sentatives in  Congress;  the  Vice  President  and  Su- 
preme Court  of  the  United  States ;  leading  Historians, 
Poets.  Orators,  Statesmen,  Teachers,  Editors,  Minis- 
ters, Soldiers,  and  citizens  from  all  sections  of  the 
country  ;  the  officers  of  State  and  the  members  of  the 
General  Assembly  of  Ohio,  will  be  ea<di  personally 
and  officially  invited  to  be  present  ami  participate 
in  the  splendid  ceremonies  of  the  day. 

Willie  it  is  not  the  privilege  of  the  compiler 
to  present  In  this  volume  the  highly  valuable 
evidences  of  the  wonderful  advance  of  Ohio,  to 
be  produced  on  that  auspicious  occasion,  it  is 
deemed  proper  to  make  brief  mention  of  the 
plan  of  such  event,  leaving  to  succeeding  histo- 
rians the  record  of  results. 


CHAPTER    III. 


EECORI)    OF    NATIONALITY. 


AS  seen,  bj'  statistics  elsewhere  given,  the 
populatioD  of  Lucas  County,  in  1880,  was 
67,377.  Of  these,  50,023  were  native,  and  17,354 
foreign  born — the  latter  consistingof  Germans, 
8,2()7 ;  Irish,  3,284;  from  British  America, 
1,688;  England,  Wales,  and  Scotland,  1,551; 
France,  419. 

As  shown,  the  Germans  now  constitute  about 
one-half  the  foreign  born  population  of  the 
County.  This  has  been  the  fact  for  many  years. 
The  vanguard  of  that  nationality  appeared  at 
the  very  outset  of  permanent  settlement,  and 
was  followed  by  increasing  numbers,  who  have 
been  identified  with  every  branch  and  depart- 
ment of  industry  and  trade.  At  request  of 
the  writer,  Hon.  Guido  Marx  ]jrepared, 
evidenti}-  with  great  expenditure  of  time  and 
labor,  a  statement  showing  something  of  the  part 
borne  in  the  history  of  the  City  and  County, 
by  the  nationality  of  which  he  is  a  recog- 
nized representative.  So  much  of  his  valuable 
paper  as  space  (unexpectedly  limited)  will  al- 
low, is  given  herewith. 

Next  in  numbers  and  prominence  in  this 
connection  are  the  Irish  people,  who  from 
the  first  were  identified,  not  only  with  the  de- 
velopment and  improvement  of  the  locality, 
but  in  religions,  educational,  governmental, 
political  and  other  departments  of  usefulness; 
and  it  is  much  regretted,  that  something  like 
just  mention  of  the  part  borne  by  them  has 
not  been  found  practicable  in   this  connection. 

In  such  special  mention  of  the  two  nation- 
alities named,  the  writer  is  not  unmindful  of 
the  thousands  who  have  come  from  other 
countries,  to  bear  parts  equally  honorable  in 
the  great  work  of  establishing  and  advancing 
civilization  and  improvement  here.  England, 
Scotland  and  France  have  been  specially 
liberal  in  such  contributions ;  while  other 
countries,  proportionately,  have  borne  credit- 
able part  in  the  work. 

THE  GERMAN  ELEMENT. 

BY    GUIDO   MAR.X. 

This  element  had  a  large  share  in  the  settle- 
ment of  this  County  and  the  development  of 
the  City.  One  of  the  first  white  owners  of  the 
real  estate  on  which  the  City  was  founded,  was 
a  German — Martin  Baum,  born  in  1765.  He 
was  with  General  Waj'ne  as  a  Hospital  Stew- 
ard in  his  campaign  against  the  Indians  on  the 
Maumee  River,  and  took  part  in  the  battle  of 
Fallen  Timbers.  He  was,  according  to  Ratter- 
mann's  History  of  the  German  Pioneers,  one  of 
their   most   prominent  representatives  in   the 


State  of  Ohio  ;  the  fourth  Mayor  of  Cincin- 
nati ;  the  founder  of  the  first  Bank  there,  of 
the  first  Sugar  Refinery,  of  the  first  Foundry, 
and  the  first  Steam  Flouring  Mill  in  Ohio. 
With  others,  he  bought  in  1817,  tracts  1  and  2, 
now  the  heart  of  Toledo,  having  been  appointed 
Ti-ustee  of  the  property  of  the  two  Companies 
(the  Baum  and  the  Piatt)  organized  in  Cin- 
cinnati to  purchase  lands  of  the  Government  at 
the  public  sale  in  this  section.  After  the  ad- 
justment of  the  titles  to  this  property,  Martin 
Baum  became  the  joint  owner,  with  Major 
William  Oliver  and  Micajah  T.  Williams,  in 
that  part  of  it  known  as  Port  Lawrence.  Mr. 
Baum  died  in  Cincinnati,  December  14,  1881. 

Early  Settlers. — In  consequence  of  the 
uncertain  title  to  much  of  the  land  in  this  sec- 
tion, little  of  it  was  taken  up  by  actual 
settlers  until  1824,  when  these  claims  were  ad- 
justed. From  then  to  1832,  many  German 
names  are  recorded  as  having  entered  tracts  of 
80  and  160  acres.  So,  Joh.  Fr.  Cobian,  in  1824; 
Heinr.  Roop,  in  1826;  Jac.  Geilrath,  in  1829; 
Michael  and  Daniel  and  Johann  and  Peter 
Strayer,  Andreas  Trapp  and  (Christian  Forke, 
in  1831;  and  Peter  Weiss,  Louis  Zumreber, 
.lohann  and  Abraham  Walter  and  Martin 
Walters,  Christian  Gnagy  and  Lucas  Leonard, 
in  1832.  These  were  farms  taken  up  in  Towns 
1,  2  and  3;  and  an  equally  long  list  of  names 
could  be  given  of  entries  in  Town  9.  In  1832, 
Jacob  Keller  settled  in  Adam.s  Township,  where 
he  died  in  1873.  In  the  same  vear  Joseph  See- 
man  took  his  abode  on  the  East  Side  of  the 
River,  and  Heinrich  Gottlieb  Neubert  in  Port 
Lawrence.  The  latter  was  born  in  Saxony  ; 
hence,  his  sobriquet  of  "Old  Sax."  Ho  had 
served  under  Napoleon,  and  lost  his  right  arm 
by  the  fall  of  a  tree  while  working  on  the 
Canal.  A  widower,  he  married  the  widow  of 
Johann  Peter  Brehm,  about  1840,  who  bore  him 
a  son  in  1841 — Heurj-  G.  Neubert,  whose  name 
we  shall  have  occasion  to  mention  in  this  hia- 
torical  sketch  as  a  Soldier.  From  a  subse- 
quent marriage  of  his  father  after  the  death  of 
his  second  wife,  a  half-brother,  William,  was 
born  in  1846,  who  also  distinguished  himself  as 
a  Volunteer  in  the  27th  (^hio,  during  the  War 
of  the  Rebellion.  The  fixther  died  in  February, 
1853. 

The  Deutsche  Pionier,  published  in  Cincin- 
nati in  September,  1883,  to  which  we  are  in- 
debted for  valuable  information  concerning 
these  oldest  settlers,  gives  the  names  of  18 
Suabiaus  who  formed  a  Company  in    Cincin- 


[741] 


742 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


nati  in  ISoH  to  farm  in  wliat  is  now  Adams 
Townsliip,  having  bougiit  tliere  :i,025  acres  of 
Government  land,  and  divided  it  up  among 
themselves.  Many  of  them  carried  out  tlieir 
intentions.  Among  the  arrivals  of  1S34  are 
mentioned  Hcinricli  Siebert,  Jacob  Seifert, 
Johann  Wolf,  B.  II.  Buscli,  Heinrieh  Hertzler 
and  Solomon  VVoltinger;  and  in  1835,  Heinrieh 
W.  Goettel,  who,  in  company  with  M.  H. 
Daniels  during  the  following  year,  built  the 
double  thi-ee-story  brick  building  on  the  South- 
west corner  of  Summit  and  Monroe  Streets, 
which  they  occupied  as  a  store. 

Abraham  Ilartmann,  Mrs.  Kayser,  Levi 
Schnell;  three  brothers  Schaal — William,  Karl 
and  Fritz ;  Karl  Mertz  and  Johann  Jacob 
Vogelsang,  are  mentioned  as  new-comers  dur- 
ing that  year 

In  1836,  Adam  Huster,  Jacob  Meyer,  Martin 
Weber,  Johann  Wilhelm  Bieber,  Georg  Abt 
and  Georg  Engel  arrived  in  the  fast-growing 
community  at  the  junction  of  Swan  Creek 
with  the  Maumee  River. 

During  the  next  few  years,  there  was  not 
quite  so  lai'ge  an'influx  of  German  immigrants; 
but  we  can  mention  as  having  settled  here  in 
1837,  the  name  of  Johann  Peter  Brehm,  who 
came  from  Flonheim,  near  Alzei,  in  the  Grand 
Dukedom  of  Hessia.  He  brought  with  him  his 
wife  Katharina,  nee  Stump,  and  daughter  Eliza- 
beth, the  latter  then  two  years  old,  who  in 
1853  was  married  with  Guido  Marx,  to  whom 
she  bore  13  children,  11  of  whom  are  living, 
and  destined,  according  to  the  words  of  our 
Cincinnati  authority,  "to  ]5ropagate  genuine 
German  blood,  and  good  German  mind  and 
spirit."  While  enjoying  the  advantages  of  the 
best  educational  facilities  which  this  country 
aifords,  they  will  also  be  an  honor  to  the  land 
of  their  birth,  to  which  they  all  are  sincerely 
devoted.  Their  grandfather  on  the  mother's 
side  (Brehm)  was  a  mason  and  bricklayer, 
activeh'  engaged  at  his  trade  in  the  building 
up  of  the  new  City  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  within  a  lew  years. 

The  names  of  Adam  Grosser,  Johannes  Fro- 
mann  and  Christopher  (^uade,  are  remembered 
as  having  also  arrived  during  1837;  the  last 
mentioned  commenced  a  Grocery  Store  in 
Manhattan,  where  he  died  in  1842;  also,  that 
Matthias  Boos  went  into  the  business  of  selling 
provisions,  subsequently  starting  a  Bakerj^ 
with  his  brother-in-law,  John  Schmidt.  Mr. 
Boos  afterwards  went  into  partnership  with 
Lyman  Wheeler,  for  reetifjnng  whisky  and 
making  vinegar.  Only  the  names  of  Peter 
Henni  and  Michael  Steinhart  are  given  as 
having  commenced  farming  during  1838  and 
'39  in  the  vicinity  of  the  City  ;  but  many  more 
must  have  begun  then  to  make  Toledo  their 
home,  for  Edward  Klinge,  the  father  of  Mrs. 
Rosa  L.  Segiir,  when  he  arrived  in  1840,  lo'ind 
it  profitable  to  start  a  second  Brewery,  having 
been  preceded  in  that  business  by  John  Vogel- 


sang. The  latter's  Brewery  was  on  Michigan 
Street,  near  Cherry,  while  Mr.  Klinge,  in  part- 
nership with  Lyman  Wheeler,  erected  his  on 
Monroe  Street,  near  where  Wheeler's  0])era 
House  now  stands.  He  carried  it  on  after- 
wards in  partnership  with  Charles  Vischer, 
who  came  from  Wuertemberg.  At  that  time 
Henry  and  John  Goettel  were  engaged  in  the 
Dry  Goods  trade.  Mr.  Schoenacker  had  a 
hotel  on  Summit  Street,  near  the  mouth  of 
Swan  Creek  ;  Henry  Schertz  was  engaged  in 
grading  and  as  contractor,  and  Daniel  Scharf- 
enberger  and  Levi  Snell  were  Merchant 
Tailors;  while  Charles  Schaal  bad  a  Grocery 
Store  on  Water  Street,  near  Elm.  Mrs.  Rosa 
Jj.  Segur,  to  whom  we  are  indebted  for  some 
of  these  notes  from  the  recollections  of  her 
mother,  Mrs.  Klinge,  writes: 

"Large  numbers  of  laborers  of  German  nation- 
ality found  employment  upon  the  costly  system  of 
grades,  then  put  in  operation  by  the  City,  who  had 
previously  aided  in  excavating  the  Wabash  and  Erie 
Canal  ;  also  in  the  hard,  rough  work,  requisite  to 
build  a  City  in  the  wilderness.  The  helpful  spirit 
which  characterizes  pioneer  society  predominated 
among  the  early  German  settlers  of  Toledo,  and  in 
sickness,  sorrow  and  adversity,  they  stood  by  each 
other  as  though  of  one  family." 

During  the  following  period— from  1840  to  1848— 
the  German  element  gained  considerable  bv  new 
accessions,  but  space  will  allow  the  mention  of  such 
only  as  have  become  specially  prominent  in  business 
pursuits  or  public  affairs.  Among  these  are  Frede- 
rick Puck,  who,  in  1870,  with  the  brothers  Witker, 
founded  the  Western  Manufacturing  Company  ; 
Philipp  Redding,  still  carrying  on  the  Saddlery  and 
Harnessiuaking  ;  and  Andreas  8tephan,  who  first  in 
Milan,  Ohio,  and  then  in  Maumee  City,  started  a 
Tannery.  In  1850  he  moved  the  .same  to  Toledo, 
and  changed  it  three  years  later  into  a  Brewery.  He 
was  an  active,  public-spirited  man,  who.se  name  we 
shall  meet  again  in  various  official  positions.  Mis- 
fortune, in  various  ways,  compelled  him  to  seek  a 
home  in  the  far  West.  Jacob  Landman,  born  in 
182:3,  arrived  in  America  in  18.'K).  After  various  ex- 
periences in  Philadelphia,  Cincinnati  and  Vicksburg, 
Mississippi,  he  came  to  Toledo  in  1847,  where  he 
opened  a  Clothing  Store  with  David  Heinsheimer, 
which  they  carried  on  until  1S55,  when  they  returned 
to  Cincinnati.  Mr.  Landman  came  back  to  Toledo  in 
1860,  engaging  first  in  the  Grocery,  and  afterwards 
the  Liquor  trade.  He  has  taken  a  lively  interest  in 
public  affairs  since  he  came  here. 

More  true  to  his  original  occupation,  but  taking  a 
less  active  part  in  political  matters,  was  Joseph  Roe- 
mer,  who  since  his  arrival  in  Toledo,  was  first  in  the 
retail,  then  in  the  wholesale  Clothing  line.  His 
first  partners  were  William  Kraus  and  his  brother 
Lehman  Kraus,  who,  with  a  third,  the  elder  brother, 
Jacob,  took  up  their  abode  in  Toledo  about  the  same 
time.  fc)r  better  or  for  worse.  Jacob  Kraus  was  a 
very  careful,  straightforward,  and  strictly  honorable 
man,  who  raised  a  family  of  six  children,  with  whom 
he  lived  alternately  after  the  death  of  his  excellent 
wife,  and  after  going  out  of  active  business.  He  died 
at  Logansport.  Indiana,  January  23,  1886,  aged  78. 
The  next  elder  brother,  William,  experienced  a  con- 
siderable change  in  fortune.  Among  his  first  enter- 
prises in  Toledo  was  that  of  a  Distillery,  which  lie 
earned  on  with  W.  W.  Howe,  until  it  was  destroyed 
by  fire  the  second  time,  about  1857.  He  then  opened 
a  Bank  with  Charles  J.  Wood,  and  continued  therein 
after  the   latter's  death,  with  Wm.   H.  Smith   as  a 


THE  GERMAN  ELEMENT. 


743 


partner,  and  under  the  name  of  City  Bank,  until  it 
met  a  disastrous  failure  in  1873.  While  his  star  was 
in  the  ascendancy,  Mr.  Kraiis  was  a  very  inllnential 
citizen,  being  elected  to  the  .Mayoralty  and  appointed 
by  the  Court  as  Trustee  of  the  Toledo  and  Wood- 
ville  Railroad.  He  never  recovered  from  the  mis- 
fortune which  overtook  him,  and  died  in  Toledo  in 
December,  188:5.  Tlie  younger  brother,  Lcliman 
Kraus,  attended  very  clo.sely  to  the  business  of  manu- 
facturing and  selling  Clothing,  and  with  good  tinau- 
cial  success,  until  he  was  compelled,  by  failing  eye- 
sight, to  retire. 

The  brothers  Joseph  and  Henry  Thorner  came  to 
Toledo  about  the  same  time  as  the  foregoing,  and  to- 
gether in  1853,  carried  on  the  (jreat  Western  Clothing 
store,  near  the  foot  of  Perry  Street.  Joseph  en- 
gaged afterwards  with  George  Meissner  in  the  Barley 
trade  and  Brewers'  supplies,  while  Henry  associated 
for  a  while  with  A.  Graff  in  .selling  Dry  Goods,  then 
with  E.  Epker,  McNamee,  and  also  Cohen  in  Liquors. 

G.  Goldsmith  and  Louis  Wachenheimer  belong 
also  to  the  early  arrivals  increasing  thi.s  part  of  our 
colony. 

Of  those  not  engaged  in  trade,  but  in  various 
other  occupations,  we  find  mentioned  further  on 
Daniel  Nitschke,  who  became  the  manager  of  the 
Book-binding  department  of  the  Blade  Printing  and 
Paper  Company  ;  Paul  Hoffmann,  who  went  to  farm- 
ing ;  and  the  brothers  George,  Jacob  and  Martin 
Tanner;  also  A.  Henning  (the  father-in-law  of  Fritz 
Opitz,  and  grandfather  of  Rheinhold  Opitz),  who 
died  here  in  187(),  8S  years  old  ;  and  who,  by  his  fiery 
eloquence  and  poetical  talent,  stirred  up  many  a  soul 
during  the  Slavery  agitations  and  the  times  of  War. 
The  names  of  others  will  be  met  with  in  the  enume- 
ration of  the  vocations  which  they  filled. 

The  year  1849  brought,  in  quick  succession,  a 
large  immigration,  and  of  a  character  quite  different 
from  any  former  one  The  enthusiasm  and  unselfish 
patriotism  kindled  by  revolutionary  aspirations 
in  Europe,  unsatisfied  by  their  partial  failures, 
were  transplanted  to  these  shores  and  sought 
vent  in  active  participation  in  all  philanthropic 
movements.  The  new  comers  of  that  and  following 
years  entered  with  considerable  zeal  into  the  different 
arteries  connected  with  the  life  of  the  Common- 
wealth. For  some  of  these  they  were  fitted,  for  some 
others  they  were  not.  All  had  first  to  learn  the  lan- 
guage and  the  ways  of  the  country  to  which  they 
transferred  their  allegiance ;  but  we  can  henceforth 
mention  only  the  names  gathered  from  the  public 
records,  and  are  able  to  do  this  only  in  periods  of 
several  years  apart,  and  even  then,  many  meritorious 
citizens  who  have  lived  and  died  here  during  these 
50  years,  can  not  be  here  remembered  for  the  want 
of  space. 

CHURCHES   AND    KELIGIOUS    EST.VBLISHMBNTS. 

The  religious  sentiments  and  wants  of  the  early 
settlers  were  undoubtedly  among  the  first  causes 
which  prevailed  upon  German  immigrants  to  gather 
in  congregations;  and  intimately  connected  herewith 
was  the  desire  to  carry  on  such  exercises  in  their 
native  language  and  to  maintain  the  same.  Catholic 
Priests  and  Missionaries  belonging  to  the  Diocese  of 
Detroit,  were  the  first  to  administer  to  these  require- 
ments as  early  as  1833 ;  and  from  then  to  1843, 
spiritual  assistance  was  rendered  by  visiting  Priests 
from  Norwalk  and  Glandorf.  In  the  latter 
year  the  first  mention  is  made  of  a  German 
Catholic  community;  but  in  1841*  their  services  were 
still  held  in  the  same  edifice  with  their  English- 
si)eaking  co-religionists.  In  1851,  Father  Karl 
Evrard  started  a  separate  German  organization,  and 
in  1853  the  ground  was  bought  on  the  corner  of 
Cherry  and  Michigan  Streets,  on  which,  during  the 


following  year,  St.  Mary's  Church  was  erected. 
Father  Evrard  remained  in  charge  until  1800,  when 
he  went  to  Tiffin,  Ohio.  His  place  has  been  occu- 
pied for  many  years  now  by  Rev.  Wm.  Kockerols, 
with  several  assistants.  A  second  Catholic  com- 
munity (St.  Peter's)  exists  since  187(1,  near  the  corner 
of  Upper  St.  Clair  and  Canal  Streets,  under  the 
guidance  of  Rev.  Peter  Danneuhoefer ,  and  a  third, 
that  of  the  Sacred  Heart,  in  East  Toledo. 

The  German  Protestants  met  as  early  as  18311,  in 
priv.ate  dwellings,  but  had  no  regular  services  per- 
formed until  1841,  when  Rev.  Kronenwirth  came 
every  four  weeks  from  Woodville  and  spoke  to 
audiences  made  up  of  different  confessions.  This 
condition  lasted  but  a  few  years.  In  1848,  the  first 
Methodist  community  was  founded,  undiu-  the 
pastorship  of  Peter  Schneider.  It  built  a  spacious 
brick  Church  in  18G3  on  Ontario  Street,  and  re- 
placed it  in  1881  by  one  larger  and  more  handsome. 
In  1858,  it  was  administered  to  by  Rev.  Sebastian 
Barth  ;  in  1870,  by  Rev.  Henry  G.  Lieh  ;  in  1880, 
by  Heinrich  Jenii  ;  and  in  1SS7,  by  E.  F.  Wundcrlich, 
and  is  now  called  the  Methodist  Emanuel  Church. 
The  .same  denomination  had  in  1880,  on  Segur  street, 
another  congregation  (Ziou's)  under  Rev.  Pnllruan  ; 
Jas.  Kern  otficiatiug  in  I88tj.  The  Reformed  Church 
owned  an  edifice  on  the  corner  of  Scott  and  Allen 
Streets,  of  which,  in  1858,  Rev.  Henry  Ashmeyer 
was  Pastor;  and  in  1870,  Aug.  Toeusmeyer.  To  the 
Lutheran  Church,  of  which,  in  1858  Johann  Dorfer 
was  Pastor  ;  and  the  St.  Paul's  Lutheran  Evangelical, 
on  Erie  Street,  founded  in  1857,  by  Rev.  Charles 
Markscheffel,  and  over  which  he  presided  until  1 873, 
when  he  founded  St.  Peter's,  on  the  corner  of  Ne- 
braska Avenue  and  Hawley  Street,  we  find  added 
in  1870  the  United  Brethren,  Karl  .Schneider,  Pastor 
in  1873;  anil  Carl  Schiller,  in  1880.  The  Evange- 
lische  Gemeinschaft,  corner  of  Division  and  Vance 
Streets,  Karl  F.  Negley,  pastor;  and  .Martin  Koehler 
as  Pastor  in  1880  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  on  Allen, 
now  Canton  Street,  between  Baker  and  North. 
Also,  in  1870,  the  Lutheran  i^alem  Church,  Ch.  E. 
Bode,  Pastor;  and  G.  F.  Rauscli  in  1880;  and  St. 
John's  Lutheran,  Rev.  John  Deindoerfer,  Pastor; 
and  Charles  Beckel,  in  1886.  These  Societies  were 
increased  from  1880  to  1880  by  several  more,  the 
Evangelical  Lutheran  Trinity,  H.  W.  Querl,  Pastor; 
St.  John's  Lutheran,  under  Rev.  Chr.  Prottengeier  ; 
St.  Marcus  Evangelical  Lutheran,  Reformed,  John 
Klag,  Pastor;  and  the  East  Toledo  Methodist  Mis- 
sion. We  count  in  all,  at  the  present  time,  IS 
Christian  German  Churches,  and  two  Jewish  Syna- 
gogues. 

The  "Free-Thinking"  element,  although  very 
numerous,  has  not  succeeded  in  maintaining  a  per- 
manent organization.  In  February,  1854,  a  Freie 
Maenner  Verein  was  started,  G.  Fenneberg  and 
Guide  Mar.x  signing  the  first  call;  but  it  was  soon 
turned  from  the  discussion  of  religions  matters  by 
the  all-pervading  spirit  of  politics,  into  the  consider- 
ation of  the  Anti-Slavery  i.ssues,  and  became  in  this 
an  active  participant  in  the  conventions  of  German 
Liberals,  winch  formulated  very  progressive  ideas. 
At  the  first  meeting  called  to  debate  the  Anti- 
Nebraska  bill,  A.  B.  Ernst  was  Secretary. 

The  first  Independent  Society,  of  which  Francis 
E.  Abbot  was  Speaker,  in  1870,  contained  many 
German  names  on  its  list  of  members,  but  it  existed 
only  a  few  years.  In  the  Lyceum  of  Spiritualists, 
about  the  same  time,  Jacob  Engelhardt  acted  as 
Treasurer. 

TUE    EDUC.VTION.U,    KIEI.D. 

Provision  for  instruction  in  the  German  language 
in  the  Public  Schools,  was  first  made  when,  in  No- 
vember, 1854,  Julius  Vordtriede  was  called  here  from 
Louisville,    Ky.,    to   take  charge  of  it.     He  was  to 


744 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCA8  COUNTY. 


teach  in  the  High  Sc'liool,  and  also  in  the  Ward 
Schools.  In  the  former  he  reports  in  June,  1855,  a 
daily  attendance  of  70  scholars.  The  instruction  in 
most  of  the  Ward  Schools  was  discontinued  after  the 
first  year;  hut  in  the  departments  of  the  High 
School  it  was  kept  up.  Mr.  Vordtriede  was  succeeded 
as  teacher  bv  E.  W.  E.  Koch,  who  had  also  charge  of 
instruction  "in  Gymnastics,  which,  for  a  while, 
flourished  in  the  High  School  halls.  Miss  Margaretha 
Otten  followed  from  1S7:!  to  187.S,  as  a  very  successful 
teacher,  and  was  replaceil  by  .Martin  Friedberg,  who 
now  has  not  only  charge  of  the  German  in  the  High 
School  building,'where  he  is  assisted  by  Miss  Elsie 
Krueger,  but  also  the  superintendeucy  of  it  in  the 
Ward  Schools,  into  which  it  was  re-introduced  in 
18.')S.  In  the  higher  grades  we  find  in  1882,  108 
studying  German  ;  in  1883,  20  ;  in  1884,  30  ;  in  which 
last  year  13  scholars  graduated  in  that  language,  and 
12  in"lS85,  in  a  graduating  class  numbering-ll.  In  the 
Ward  Schools  this  language  was  taught  in  1880  in 
18  Classes  to  1,300  pupils;  in  1882  the  number  study- 
ing had  increased  to  I,(i4ll  ;  and  in  1883  was  reported 
to  have  been  1,712.  In  1885,  there  were  28  teachers 
employed,  some  of  them  teaching  in  both  languages, 
and  some  German  alone.  The  lady  teachers  were 
mostly  born  in  this  country,  the  daughters  of  Ger- 
man parents.  The  instruction  gives  general  satisfac- 
tion to  our  German  fellow-citizens,  who  are  attached 
by  it  very  much  to  our  Public  School  system  ;  and 
the  only  regret  is,  that  it  has  not  been  found  feasible 
so  far  to  carry  it  on  through  the  intermediate 
grades.  Of  the  elder  corps  of  male  teachers, 
Casper  Weber,  .1.  Lippman,  Ibershof,  J.  E.  Ecker.  and 
M.  Loenshall,  are  no  more  in  active  service;  but  L. 
R.  Konopak,  Karl  Hillencamp  and  Fred.  C.  Man,  still 
are,  while  Ed.  Leraberger,  G.  F.  Lok,  Albert  I. 
Mayer,  and  A.  C.  Seller  were  also  on  the  rolls  of  1885. 
Among  the  ladies,  Mrs.  Amalia  Wandke  was  the  first 
to  teach  German  here.  She  was  followed  later  by 
Miss  Emma  (the  daughter  of  Emil  Marx,  now  Mrs. 
Seubert),  by  Miss  Emma  Koch,  Mi.ss  Helen  Weber, 
and  b}'  Betty,  Julia,  Lizzie  and  Theresa,  daughters  of 
Jo,seph  E,  Marx.  Miss  Eliz.  Augspurger  died  while 
employed.  Following  are  the  names  of  the  ladies 
who  taught  in  1885:  Rosa  Lang,  Augusta  Schrader, 
Emma  E.  Koehler,  Marv  P.  Hirth,  Mary  Wiedman, 
Delia  Dallet,  Katie  Tiedke,  Mary  Klotz,  Mary  Kauf- 
man, (Jlga  Heyn,  Teresa  Marx,  Emma  Fenneberg, 
HuUia  Buettner,  Minnie  Halbach,  Clara  Spielbusch, 
Annie  Koehler,  Annie  Hirth,  Lizzie  Schiller,  ottilie 
Herrman  and  Louise  Hoffman. 

On  the  Board  of  Education  we  find  from  1,S71  to 
1873,  Dr.  V.  Braun ;  from  1877  to  1881  Heinrich 
Kahlo;  from  1877  to  the  present  time,  Charles 
Zirwas ;  and  from  1883,  Rynehold  Opitz,  the  son  of 
German   parents ;  also  Frank  H.   Tanner  from  1885. 

In  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Toledo  University, 
managing  the  Manual  Training  School,  the  Germans 
are  represented  by  Henry  Kahlo,  Wm.  G.  Hagen- 
berg  and  Guido  Marx. 

Guido  JIarx  acted  also  on  the  Board  of  School 
Examiners  from  1868  till  1870,  and  Julius  Vordtriede 
occupies  that  position  at  this  time. 

The  several  religious communitiesinterested  them- 
selves from  their  first  beginnings  in  instruction  in 
the  German  language  ;  hence,  we  find  that  the  Cath- 
olics, starting  a  School  in  18,54,  or  sooner,  taught  80 
pupils  in  1858.  St.  Marv's  is  credited  with  63(1 
scholars  in  1882,  and  St.  Pe'ter's  with  2(33. 

Among  the  Protestants  Rev.  Charles  Markschef- 
fel  took  from  the  first  an  active  interest  in  matters  of 
education.  He  founded,  in  1858  a  School,  in  connec- 
tion with  St.  Paulas  Church,  of  which  Jacob  Klayle 
was  the  first  Teacher.  The  number  of  scholars  'in- 
creased soon  to  1()0,  and  counted  2:)0  in  186fi,  when 
Johaiin  Klag  had  charge  of  it.  Pastor  MarkschetTel 
soon  found  that  the  enterprise  was  outgrowing  the 


means  of  this  Church,  and  desirous  of  furnishing  his 
pupils  at  the  same  time  a  good  English  education,  it 
was  arranged  with  the  Board  of  Education,  whose 
President,  General  Hill,  showed  also  farseeing  liber- 
ality in  supporting  the  measure,  that  this  School 
should  be  transferred  to  the  Public  School  system. 
It  wasexpected  that  the  other  Churches  would  follow 
the  example.  In  1887,  however.  Trinity,  St,  Johns, 
First  German,  St,  Paul's  and  Salem  Lutheran  still 
maintain  separate  schools. 

LITERARY    PURSUITS. 

T[iE  Press. — Of  great  importance  in  procuring 
for  the  German  element  in  Toledo  that  proportion  of 
recognition  to  which  it  was  entitled  by  its  numbers, 
as  well  as  by  the  moral,  mental  and  indu.strial  activity 
of  its  members,  and  of  facilitating  their  combination 
into  the  proper  Societies,  was  the  founding  of  the  first 
press  and  newspaper  in  their  language.  This  was 
accomplished  by  Emil  L.,  Guido  and  Joseph  E.  Marx 
and  Heinrich  M.  Hauscbild,  under  the  firm  of  Marx 
Brothers  and  Hauscbild,  Emil,  born  in  January, 
1821),  and  Cfuido  in  June,  1827,  left  Baden,  the 
country  of  their  birth,  in  consequence  of  having  taken 
part  on  the  popular,  but  unfortunate,  side  of  the 
political  commotions  which  took  place  there  in  1849, 
and  landed  in  New  York  October  1st  of  that  year. 
They  wendeil  their  way  to  Ohio,  and  first  entered 
Government  land  in  Wood  County,  in  company  with 
some  traveling  companions,  intending  to  devote 
themselves  to  farming.  But  both  having  been 
brought  up  to  the  book  and  print  trade,  followed  by 
their  father,  gave  up  their  novel  agricultural  pursuits 
after  the  experience  of  18  months,  and  came  to  Toledo 
in  the  Spring  of  1851,  where  they  found  employment 
as  clerks.  In  the  Fall  of  the  same  year  they  estab- 
lished themselves  as  Grocers  on  their  own  account, 
but  with  very  little  capital,  on  the  old  Packet  Dock 
at  the  foot  of  Perry  street,  moving  from  there  in  1853 
to  the  next  corner,  on  Summit  and  Monroe  Streets, 
where  they  had  purchased  previously  the  Eastern 
part  of  the  Daniels  &  Goettel  brick  building.  In  the 
.same  year  they  prevailed  upon  their  younger  brother, 
Joseph  E,  (a  practical  printer),  to  come  from  Ger 
many,  and  assisted  him  in  procuring  the  necessary 
material  and  press  for  a  Job  and  German  newspaper 
printing  office,  which  was  located  in  the  third  story 
of  their  building,  Heinrich  M,  Hauscbild,  of  Saxony, 
an  experienced  printer  and  old  friend,  associated 
with  Marx  Brothers,  and  on  the  27th  of  December, 
1853,  they  issued  an  advance  sheet  of  the  Ohio  Staats- 
Zeilung,  with  the  news  of  the  battle  of  Sinopel,  in 
which  the  Rus,sians  destroyed  the  whole  Turkish 
fleet,  at  the  beginning  of  the  Crimean  war.  From 
January  7,  1854,  the  paper  was  published  regularly 
as  a  weekly.  Hauscbild  was  Editor  for  the  first  year, 
and  contributed  also  some  very  good  original  poetry. 
At  the  close  of  1854,  he  returned  to  Germany,  married 
there  and  established  a  printing  house  in  Bremen, 
which  yet  flourishes.  In  August,  18.55,  the  size  of 
the  paper  was  increased.  From  June  2,  1850,  to  May 
30,  1857.  Marx  Brothers  published  a  German  Daily, 
under  the  name  of  Toledo  Express,  of  whicli  Julius 
Vordtriede  was  Editor.  To  this  name,  also,  the  weekly 
Ohio  Staats  Xeilung  was  changed  in  February,  1857, 
when  the  office  passed  into  the  hands  of  Joseph  E. 
Marx,  Guido  Marx  acting  as  Editor.  In  1864,  the 
former,  being  appointed  Consul  to  Amsterdam  by 
President  Lincoln,  sold  the  paper  and  material  to  the 
Toledo  Commercial  Company,  from  which  Joseph 
Bender  (his  steady  friend  and  a.ssistant  since  1855,  a 
thorough  printer)  bought  it  in  bSOfi,  continuing  the 
publication  of  the  Weeklij  Express,  without  interrup- 
tion. On  the  ;)th  day  of  October,  1871,  the  date  of  the 
great  Chicago  fire,  the  issue  of  the  Daily  Express  was 
resumed,  Julius  Vordtriede  returning  from  Buflalo  to 
take  charge  of  it  as  Editor,  which  position  he  still  re- 


THE  GERMAN  ELEMENT. 


745 


tains.  The  paper  has  always  been  of  outspoken,  Anti- 
Slavery,  and  consequently.  Republican,  tendencies, 
and  has  wielded  considerable  influence  in  shaping 
the  (.Tcrman  public  mind  in  this  vicinity. 

A  Democratic  Wi>ekly,  the  ]'olksfreimd,  has  been 
published  since  18S0,  first  by  C.  G.  Bush,  lately  by 
E.  V.  E.  Kausch.  Rev.  Martin  Koehler  jmldislied  in 
1880,  Dcr  Erangelifche  Xenge,  a  religious  monthly. 

A  Circulating  Library  of  several  tliousand  vol- 
umes, a  donation  by  I).  K.  Marx,  of  Baden,  to  his  son, 
.losejih  E.,  and  brouglit  here  by  him  in  1851!,  furnished 
reading  matter  to  the  lovers  of  light  literature  for 
consideral)le  time.  During  the  last  few  years  the 
German  Teachers,  assisted  by  the  Frauen  Verein,  col- 
lected a  fund  with  which  they  purchased  a  number 
of  Juvenile  books.  The  Public  Library  once  also 
made  a  small  purchase  in  this  direction,  which  could 
profitably  be  repeated  and  increased. 

PKOFESSIONS,    SCIENCE   AND   ART. 

In  the  profession  of  Law,  the  Germans  have  but 
,  few  representatives.  Louis  H.  Pike,  who  occupies, 
with  great  credit,  the  Bench  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  of  this  County,  and  Lorenz  Worr.  We  also 
claim  Avery  S.  Hill  as  an  adopted  son  of  the  Father- 
land, he  having  married  a  German  girl,  the  daughter 
of  Dr.  F.  J.  Klauser,  and  obtained  knowledge  of  the 
Crerman  language. 

In  the  profession  of  Medicine,  we  find  more  en- 
gage<l.  The  oldest  practicing  Physician  now  is  Dr. 
Gustav  Fenneberg,  who  came  in  March,  1852,  and  is 
yet  active.  Dr.  F.  J.  Klan.ser,  who  began  practice  a 
short  time  before,  died  in  1882;  but  a  son,  F.  E. 
Klauser,  succeeded  him.  Frederick  Hohly,  who  set- 
tled here  after  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  (in  which  he 
acted  as  Surgeon  of  the  37th  0.  V.  1.),  is  al.so  dead. 
Others  of  the  earlier  Physicians — Dr.  Ehrman,  1847  ; 
Dr.  Saal,  184S ;  Drs.  Ro.senk,  Solomon,  Edeskuty, 
1854;  and  Dr.  Plessner,  have  left.  Dr.  Valentine 
Braun,  coming  in  1853,  has  given  up  his  practice; 
Drs.  Max  Jungbluth,  H.  JI.  Schnetzler  (since  1855), 
Fred.  Jaeger,  A.  T.  Hipp,  E.  Melchers,  Christ. 
Zbinden,  Reinhardt,  and  others,  are  still  practicing. 

In  the  science  of  engineering,  the  second  genera- 
tion has  outdone  the  first.  Chas.  D.  Marx  (son  of 
Joseph  M.),  after  having  graduated  in  Cornell  and 
in  CJarlsruhe,  was  employed  in  Railroad  construction 
and  on  the  Missouri  and  Mississippi  Improvement, 
and  is  at  present  Assistant  Professor  of  Civil  En- 
gineering in  Cornell  University.  Henry  Marx  (son 
of  Guide)  graduated  in  1879,  as  Mechanical  En- 
gineer, at  Cornell,  and  is  now  engaged  in  St.  Louis, 
Missouri,  in  charge  of  the  Western  iMachinery  Depot 
of  Hill,  Clark  A  Co.,  of  Bo.ston.  Philipp  Welker,  Jr., 
is  engaged  in  the  United  States  Coast  Survey,  and 
located  in  California,  and  George  Meissner,  Jr.,  after 
serving  in  the  City  Engineer's  ottice,  was  elected 
County  Surveyor.  H.  W .  Wilhelm,  another  gradu- 
ate of  Cornell,  is  also  occupied  as  tUvil  Engineer. 
One  of  the  most  experienced  Mechanical  Engineers 
in  the  City  is  Valentin  F.  Stetzer,  Foreman  for  Shaw, 
Kendall  &  Co. ;  and  in  the  con.struction  of  Optical 
apparatus  and  Surveying  instruments,  Lonis  Beck- 
man  takes  high  rank.  Many  other  skillful  mechanics, 
employed  in  shops  in  the  City,  lack  of  space  prevents 
from  naming. 

Art.  — The  conditions  of  primitive  society  are  not 
favorable  to  a  demand  for  and  devotion  to  the  pro- 
ductions of  decorative  art ;  Ijut  such  as  there  were, 
Thiem  helped  to  supply  ;  and  of  the  present  genera- 
tion, Machen  and  Mis.s  Louisa  Obermiller  have  se- 
cured recognition  for  real  artistical  talent. 

Music. — The  field  in  which  from   the   beginning 

Germans  took  a  leading  position,  and  the  cultivation 

of  which  played  a  large  part  in  their  social  life,  was 

that  of  music.     The  execution  of  instrumental,   as 

48 


well  as  vocal  music,  was  for  some  time  carried  on 
with  considerable  energy.  Louis  Matthias,  in  both, 
was  the  leading  spirit,  and  to  his  talent,  devotion  and 
perseverance,  most  of  what  has  been  accomplished  in 
the  City  in  this  direction  nui.st  be  credited.  During 
the  earl)'  period — 1851  to  '58 — C.  S.  Crossmann  and  1). 
F.  Waltz  were  well  fitted  teachers;  and  later  Job. 
Ht^nzel.  Next  in  point  of  enthusiasm  and  ability, 
was  Christ.  Milverstedt— at  least  for  orche.stral  music 
— and  his  death,  in  188!!,  was  deplored  by  all  classes. 

The  Kossuth  Band  is  the  first  of  which  we  find 
mention.  It  gave  a  concert  on  February  2,  1854,  in 
whicli  Lohman,  Busse,  Matthias,  Sickingen,  Steil  and 
Wernhuber  took  part.  From  this  on,  many  organi- 
zations followed  each  other  until,  in  1887,  when  Mil- 
verstedt's  Orchestra  and  Brass  Band,  under  the  lead- 
ership of  Max  Frick  ;  tlharles  Wolffs  Orcliestra,  and 
.\ug.  Lang's  Brass  Band  yet  survive. 

For  tlie  cultivation  of  orchestral  music  proper,  in 
August,  1854,  the  Musikverein  was  started,  whose  finst 
members  were  L.  Matthias,  Emil  L.  Marx,  A.  Steil,  J. 
Matthias,  H.  Busse,  V.  Schulz,  J.  Zander,  S.  Zahn,  F. 
Speas  and  S.  Kohn.  In  1858,  John  Weiner,  Kicolas 
.Auth,  Robert  Just  and  Gustav  Wittstein  were  active 
participants  ;  and  some  of  the  same  names  are  men- 
tioned as  officers  of  the  Orchestral  Union,  which  flour- 
ished in  1870. 

Of  late  years  the  taste  for  music  has  become  so 
general  throughout  the  community,  that  .some  newer 
organizations,  started  without  regard  to  nationality, 
were  successful  in  attaching  the  German  performers. 
Miss  Clouse  has  achieved  distinction  as  Pianist  and 
on  the  Organ. 

To  cultivate  the  art  of  singing,  was  one  of  the  first 
aims  of  combined  effort.  It  originated  in  1854  the 
Saengerbund,  of  which  Freutz  was  first  President, 
and  many  of  the  older  citizens  members,  Rudolph 
Brand,  Peter  Lenk,  Guide  Marx,  John  G.  Holzwarth, 
Dietrich  Schmidt,  Christian  Dittmar,  Jac.  Mery,  L. 
Sebastian,  and  many  others,  studied  their  quartettes 
under  the  direction  of  Louis  Matthias.  In  1858  the 
"  Cilee  Club"  met  in  Union  Hall,  under  the  leader- 
ship of  H.  Neufeld,  but  during  the  War  mo.st  of  these 
exercises  gave  way  to  others.  After  1866  quite  a 
number  of  Singing  Societies  reorganized,  until  at 
present  writing  the  "  Teutonia  Maennerchor,"  Pres- 
ident, Fred.  Ritter,  and  the  "  Helvetia"  can  be  said 
to  exist,  while  the  Petersburger,  the  ''  Gruetli  "  and 
the  "Liederkranz  "  (mixed  chorus),  give  occasional 
signs  of  life,  or  diil  as  late  as  1880.  Messrs.  Fred. 
Seubert  and  F.  C.  Hahn,  Misses  Schrader,  Wuerfel 
and  Julia  Marx  assist  in  many  vocal  enterprises. 

GYMNASTIC,  THEATRICAL  AND  SOCIAL  ORGANIZATIONS. 

The  Gymnastic  Societies,  or  Turn  Vereine,  had 
been  in  Germany  very  instrumental  in  strengthening 
the  minds  as  well  as  the  bodies  of  the  rising  genera- 
tion, and  it  became,  therefore,  one  of  the  earliest 
purposes  of  the  immigration  of  1850  and  1851,  to 
transplant  them  to  this  soil.  The  first  Turn  Verein 
was  constituted  in  1854.  G.  Fenneberg  was  the 
Speaker,  and  J.  Schaefer  the  Secretary.  The  year 
following  Theodor  Wegener  was  elected  Speaker,  and 
in  1856,  E.  Morgenroth.  In  1858,  V.  Braun  held  this 
office;  C.  Klives  was  second  ;  B.  Schnetzler,  Leader, 
and  F.  Diebel,  Treasurer.  The  Society  met  then  on 
(.)ak  Street.  With  the  outbreak  of  the  War  mo.st  of 
the  able  bodied  and  younger  members  enlisted  in  the 
Union  Army,  and  those  who  remained  after  peace 
was  restored,  united  in  1866  with  the  ''Saengerbund," 
in  forming  the  "  Deutsche  GeselKschaft,"  and  in  erect- 
ing for  its  uses  the  German  Hall  on  St.  Clair  Street, 
between  Adams  and  Oak,  where  for  a  while  the  exer- 
cises wpre  kept  up.  It  became  apparent,  however, 
that  only  a  separate  organization  could  carry  out  the 
purposes  properly,  and   so  in   February,    1872,   the 


746 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LDCAS  COUNTY. 


Turnverein  "  Vorwaerts  "  was  founded,  of  which  Jo- 
seph E.  Marx  was  the  first  President.  After  his  death 
(Aprils,  1872).  H.Heyermann,  2d  Speaker  before,  was 
elected  first.  Steinboehmer  was  then  First  Instruc- 
tor; Fritz  Will,  2d ;  George  Schuck,  Secretary  ;  E.  L. 
Valois,  Cashier,  and  J.  T.  Fray,  Treasurer.  The  So- 
ciety o-rew  rapidly  in  numbers.  Anton  Holzmann 
was  one  of  the  Trustees,  and  Fred.  Seubert,  August 
Wolpert,  Charles  A.  Vordtriede,  F.  Hillenkamp,  F. 
Bausewein.  Anton  Kensch,  Julius  Keip,  William  and 
Christ.  Enteman,  Henry  Hoerlein  and  many  others, 
assisted  as  officers.  A  School  for  the  instruction  of 
juveniles  in  Gymnastics  was  instituted  by  the  same 
in  1876,  the  first  teacher  being  L.  Ibershof.  He  was 
succeeded  by  C.  A.  Zapp.  The  School  was  discon- 
tinued in  September,  1878.  With  the  close  of  1881, 
the  interest  in  the  Society  began  to  flag,  and  it  ceased 
to  be  ;  but  a  new  organization  has  been  started  since, 
and  is  flourishing. 

In  Theatrical  performances,  the  zeal  of  amateur 
artists  has  been  more  lasting.  The  first  steps  to  form 
a  Philo-Dramatic  Association,  were  taken  in  April, 
1855,  and  at  the  election  for  officers  held  in  Septem- 
ber, 1855,  Carl  Bauch  was  chosen  Director;  Friedr. 
Schoeniug,  Stage  Manager ;  Carl  Lenk.  Secretary  ; 
and  Emil  L.  Marx,  Cashier.  Many  were  the  pleasant 
evenings  on  which  Mesdames  Schlipf,  Schlachter, 
Morgenroth  and  Heupel,  with  a  number  of  gentle- 
men, delighted  the  audiences.  In  September,  1856, 
Gustav  Fenneberg  was  elected  Director.  While  the 
original  organization  long  ceased  to  be,  the  active 
spirit  of  the  members  remains,  and  the  Society  Con- 
cordia as  well  as  the  Frauenverein,  in  its  benevolent 
purposes,  has  been  often  assisted  in  the  later  years 
by  the  theatrical  talent  of  Mesdames  Trost,  Jung- 
bluth,  Holzwarth,  Lenk  and  Rosenthal  ;  Misses 
Schrader,  Schweigert,  Fenneberg  and  Olga  Heyn  ; 
and  of  Messrs.  Burger,  Frame,  Krueger,  Hahn,  Seu- 
bert, Hillenkamp  and  Carl  Sclion. 

The  Deutsche  Gesellschaft,  for  a  number  of  years 
(from  1866  to  1882),  was  the  center  of  all  social  occur- 
rences; and  the  balls,  masquerades  and  concerts  it 
gave  its  members,  were  participated  in  with  general 
delight.  In  1870,  Dietrich  Schmidt  was  President, 
and  in  1880,  Christ.  Woehler.  Continuing  the  pur- 
poses, but  not  the  name,  the  Hall  came  into  the  pos- 
session of  the  new  Society  (Concordia),  which  in  1882 
elected  its  first  officers :  Charles  Zirwas,  President ; 
Dr.  M.  Jungbluth,  Vice  President ;  Isaac  Landman, 
Treasurer ;  C.  R.  Fischer,  Secretary  ;  and  Wm.  Mark- 
scheffel,  A.  Rosenthal  and  V.  Braun,  Trustees.  The 
Society  still  exists,  with  a  membership  of  95. 

The  Deutsche  Frauen  Vereiu  is  an  organization 
which  the  ladies  have  supported  for  several  years, 
with  the  object  of  assisting  worthy  German  enter- 
prises, such  as  they  found  in  the  German-American 
Teachers' Seminary,  the  Teachers'  Library,  and  other 
cases  calling  for  support.  The  President  is  Mrs. 
Johanna  Marx,  widow  of  Joseph  E. ;  and  the  Secre- 
tary, Mrs.  Dr.  Jungbluth. 

The  Pionier  Verein  has  been  founded  to  afford 
the  old  settlers  a  center  of  social  intercourse  and 
mutual  recognition.  It  consists  at  present  of  115 
members.  John  G.  Holzwarth  was  the  first,  and 
Jac.  Landman  the  second  President.  Henry  Bruck- 
sieker  held  the  office  in  1880.  In  1885,  H.  Kahlo  was 
elected,  with  George  Tanner  as  Vice  President,  and 
Jacob  Bailleux,  as  Secretary. 

The  Schuetzeu  Verein  has  existed  since  1878.  It 
affords  its  members  much  enjoyment  in  the  practice 
of  Sharp-shooting  In  1880  John  Ehni  presided,  and 
in  1885,  Herman  Baumbach.  A  Liberal  Shooting 
Club,  of  which  G.  A.  Spross  is  Leader,  we  also  find 
mentioned  in  1885. 

Yachting  is  carried  on  by  Louis  Matthias  and 
others  in  their  own  bottoms. 

Benevolent  Societies — St.  John's  German  Lu- 


theran Orphan  Asylum,  situated  in  East  Toledo,  a 
short  distance  South  of  the  River,  was  founded  in 
1860.  The  Trustees  in  1870  were  Revs.  John  Dein- 
doerfer,  C.  E.  Bode  and  Charles  Beckel ;  and  H.  H. 
Sampson,  Jac.  Nesper  and  John  Bittel.  It  is  sup- 
ported by  the  Lutheran  Church  and  voluntary  con- 
tributions, and  in  1887  was  under  the  charge  of  Rev. 
Beckel. 

The  Societies  for  tne  care  of  the  sick,  the  burial 
of  the  dead,  and  relief  of  members  in  adversity, 
have  augmented  since  1854,  when  the  first  Firemen's 
Benevolent  Society  was  inaugurated,  to  quite  a  form- 
idable array  ;  so  that  we  can  name  but  those  which 
now  afford  proof  that  the  inclination  to  afford  mutual 
relief  and  assistance  has  not  declined  by  the  increase 
of  population.  One  of  the  oldest  of  these  organiza- 
tions is  the  Deutscher  Arbeiter  (Laborers)  Unter- 
stuetzungs  Verein,  founded  in  1868,  numbering  at 
present  141  members,  and  estimating  their  assets  at 
54,300.  Their  first  President  was  George  Gerber, 
with  Franz  Tillman  and  Jos.  Meyer  as  Vice  Presi- 
dents. Officers  at  present  —  John  Henry,  Aug. 
Schwarz,  H.  Neumeyer.  The  Toledo  Kranken  (Sick) 
LTnterstuetzungs  Verein,  constituted  in  1870  (when 
George  Meissner  and  C.  Hipp  were  the  first  and 
second  Presidents),  counted  in  1885,  137  members, 
with  resources  valued  at  SI. 700.  Officers  —  Hy. 
Stock,  President;  C.  W^eil  and  Herm.  Rausch,  Vice 
Presidents ;  Jos.  Livers,  Treasurer.  Beside  these,  we 
have  the  Badische  Unterstuetzungs  Verein — Presi- 
dent, .lac.  Hoffman ;  the  German  Laborers'  Benefi- 
cial, President,  F.  Wagenknecht ;  the  German  Pro- 
tective Association,  President,  Jac.  Hermann ;  the 
Gruetli  Verein,  President,  F.  Zumbrun  ;  the  Hildise 
Bund,  President,  N.  Mertes  ;  the  Keduscha  Society, 
of  which  N.  D.  Oesterman  is  President ;  the  Fritz 
Renter,  F.  C.  C.  Mau,  President ;  the  Schwaebische 
(Suabian)  Unterstuetzungs  Verein,  President,  John 
Schrag ;  the  Hessen  Darmstaedter  Verein,  John 
Henry,  President ;  the  Alsatian  Verein,  and  the 
Bayrische  or  Bavarian  Verein,  J.  Von  Ficht,  Presi- 
dent. 

Then  there  are  a  number  of  Relief  Societies  con- 
nected with  various  Churches,  of  which  we  can 
name — the  Catholic  Knights  of  America,  President, 
Melch.  Schaal,  and  connected  with  St.  Mary's;  the 
St.  Elizabeth,  President,  Mrs.  Am.  Vollmeyer  ;  the 
St.  Joseph's,  President,  C.  J.  Kirschner ;  the  St. 
Michael's,  President,  P.  J.  ]\Iettler  ;  and  St.  Vincent 
de  Paul's,  President,  B.  Meilink ;  also,  the  Young 
Men's  Sodality. 

Of  the  (Protestant)  Christian  Benevolent  Associa- 
tion, F.  J.  Bickel  is  President.  There  were  20  Ger- 
man Societies  of  this  character  in  activity  in  1886. 

Then  there  are  about  70  Lodges  of  Secret  Societies 
in  the  City,  having  similar  purposes,  of  which  at 
least  eight  are  composed  of  Germans  solely  ;  while 
we  find  in  the  published  lists  of  officers  of  the  others 
many  more  German  names.  So  amon"  the  Masonic 
bodies— J.  C.  Romeis,  H.  Rosenbaum,  H.  M.  Schnetz- 
ler,  H.  C.  Hahn  and  L.  H.  Pike.  Of  Odd  Fellows, 
there  are  two  German  Lodges— Robert  Blum  and 
Wm.  Tell.  The  Druids  count  two  Lodges  and  one 
Chapter:  Herman  Hain,  Toledo  and  Washington. 
The  Improved  Order  of  Red  Men  has  two  German 
Lodges,  the  Maumee  and  the  Omaha  Tribes ;  the 
Ancient  Order  of  United  Workmen,  two ;  the  Knights 
of  Pythias,  one  ;  and  of  two  Jewish  Aid  Societies, 
one  at  least,  is  composed  of  Germans. 

It  may  give  an  idea  of  the  movement  of  German 
Society,  that  Rev.  Charles  Markschefi'el,  during  his 
pastorate  (from  1850  to  1885),  and  while  connected 
with  St.  Paul's  Lutheran  Evangelical  Church,  which 
counted,  in  1873,  about  300  members,  has  baptized 
4,108  children  ;  confirmed  738  juveniles';  married  907 
couples;  and  performed  the  funeral  service  for  1,263 
persons. 


THE  GERMAN  ELEMENT. 


747 


PUBLIC  GARDENS,  RALLS  AND  HOTELS. 

Public  Gardens  have  always  played  a  large  part 
in  German  social  life.  F.  C.  Hansen,  in  1852,  was 
the  first  to  supply  this  want,  by  a  well  arranged 
Flower  Garden  and  Hall,  connected  with  conserva- 
tories on  what  is  now  Locust  Street,  near  Bancroft. 
In  1856,  the  friends  of  Fred.  Schoening  erected  for 
him  the  Hall  in  the  finely  shaded  lot  on  the  corner 
of  Thirteenth  and  JIadison  Streets,  which  still  sur- 
vives as  a  residence.  The  brothers  Wm.  and  Christ. 
Enteman,  next  fitted  up  a  place  on  Bancroft  Street, 
near  (Jherry.  The  Kiver  Park,  on  lower  Summit 
Street;  Union  Garden,  on  upper  St.  Glair;  and 
Mohr's,  out  on  Lagrange,  had  a  run  for  c|uite  a  while  ; 
but  they  were  all  eclipsed  by  Lenk's  Park,  on  Neb- 
raska Avenue,  which  became  so  popular  that  the 
City  Council  was  prevailed  upon  to  buy  the  ground 
and  convert  it  into  a  public  Park.  It  is  to  this  time 
the  handsomest  spot  of  the  kind  which  the  City 
owns.  The  Schuetzen  Park,  on  the  Kiver  bank  out 
Broadway,  beyond  the  Water  Works,  owned  by  Jos. 
Grasser,  in  1886  was  the  only  public  resort  of  the 
kind. 

The  oldest  headquarters  for  entertainments  were, 
in  18-10,  at  Michael  Schoenacker's,  on  Water  Street, 
where  the  first  German  Ball  was  given.  In  185-1, 
Union  Hall,  on  corner  of  Summit  and  Oak  Streets ; 
and  after  the  destruction  of  that  by  fire,  German 
Hall,  on  St.  Clair  Street,  was  built.  For  the  accom- 
modation of  people  living  in  Petersburg  (near  Lenk's 
Brewery),  the  .\cademy  of  Music,  on  Hamilton  Street, 
was  erected  by  Conrad  Huberich.  Teutonia  Hall, 
on  Cherry  Street,  is  also  often  patronized  ;  but  Druid 
Hall,  on  Washington  Street,  near  St.  Clair,  is  now  the 
favorite  place  for  German  parties. 

The  first  Taverns  kept  by  Germans,  were  in  1854, 
by  M.  Schoenacker  and  Ph.  Kreiter,  on  Water  Street  ; 
then  by  Peter  Kohler,  on  Summit.  Many  athers  in- 
tervened, until  now  the  Hanner  House,  on  Washing- 
ton Street ;  the  National  Hotel,  by  Herman  Baura- 
bach  ;  and  Hotel  Union,  managed  by  Charles  Zirwas, 
are  considered  the  most  prominent. 

FARMI.NG    AND   GARDENING. 

So  many  Germans  settled  in  Lucas  County  and 
went  to  farming  and  gardening,  that  it  would  be  al- 
most unjust  to  single  out  any  name  for  special  men- 
tion. The  whole  "  Six-Mile  Woods,"  in  the  Western 
part  of  the  County,  were  cleared  and  improved  by 
them ;  and  there  is  hardly  a  section  of  it,  but  shows 
signs  of  their  labor  and  thrift.  Of  those  living  near- 
est to  the  City  on  the  North  side,  Adam  Mei.ssner  has 
been  distinguished  by  awards  at  many  Fairs  for  his 
efforts  in  raising  improved  cattle  and  fruit.  In  the 
same  vicinity  Ernst  Torgler,  George  and  Joe  Engel, 
Henry  Brodbeck  and  Nic.  Braun,  have  of  late  years 
been  measurably  succe.ssful..  Koenig  and  Severin 
have  long  held  the  lead  among  the  Dairies,  and  the 
Bergers  and  Yoesslins  supplied  the  early  settlers  with 
vegetables,  as  the  Wenz,  John  Hague,  A.  Reiching 
and  other  market  gardeners  do  now. 

In  Horticulture  and  as  Florists,  F.  C.  Hansen  has 
been  at  the  head  since  1840,  and  Bernhard  Schramm, 
Ewald  Suder  (and  his  widow,  Henrietta,  since  his 
death),  and  G.  A.  Heinl,  have  followed  closely. 

VINICULTURE. 

The  Lenk  Wine  Company,  whose  extensive  works 
and  attractive  grounds  are  located  on  the  North  bank 
of  Ottawa  River,  fronting  Detroit  Avenue,  is  one  of 
Toledo's  most  prominent  institutions,  which  has 
grown  from  a  small  beginning  to  be  one  Of  the  most 
important  of  its  kind  in  the  United  States.  From 
1859  to  1861,  F.  C.  Hansen  was  engaged  here  with 
Peter  Lenk  in  improving  a  Nursery,  started  some 
time  before.     Mr.  Carl  Lenk,  who  came  to  Toledo  in 


185.3,  was  in  1867,  and  for  several  years  previous 
thereto,  connected  with  his  brother,  Peter  Lenk,  in 
this  Nur.sery  business,  at  the  present  location  of  the 
Lenk  Wine  Company.  In  the  latter  year  he  con- 
cluded to  utilize  his  knowledge  of  Wine-making,  ac- 
quired at  his  native  place,  Wuerzburg,  in  Bavaria, 
the  home  of  some  of  the  finest  of  German  wines. 
Quito  a  number  of  acres  of  the  Nursery  grounds  hav- 
ing previously  been  planted  in  grapevines,  he  com- 
menced active  operations  in  a  small  way  in  the  fall 
of  1867,  when  the  first  fruit  of  the  young  vines  was  cut; 
in  addition  to  which  he  bought  a  quantity  of  Catawba 
Grapes  at  Put-in  Bay.  The  product  of  this  first  ex- 
periment met  with  so  much  public  favor,  that  he  con- 
cluded to  enter  the  field  more  largely,  and  accord- 
ingly in  the  Summer  of  1868  Lenk  &  Co.  built  the 
first  Wine-cellar  in  Toledo,  80x20  feet  in  dimen.sions  ; 
and  in  theFall  of  that  year  about  1 5,000 gallons  of  Wine 
were  made.  The  product  gaining  friends  rapidly,  addi- 
tional cellars  and  capital  were  soon  required,  to  meet 
the  demand;  and  in  1870,  Louis  Wachenheimer  and 
L.  A.  Fontaine  became  intere.sted,  whom  Fred.  Gra- 
dolph  followed  in  January,  1872.  In  January,  1873, 
the  present  Companv  was  incorporated,  with  a  capi- 
ital  stock  of  |200,000".  The  first  board  of  Directors 
was  composed  of  Carl  Lenk,  Louis  Wachenheimer, 
Peter  Lenk,  Fred.  Gradolph  and  Wui.  Weis ;  Carl 
Lenk  was  President  and  Manager  ;  Louis  Wachen- 
heimer, Vice  President ;  and  Wm.  Weis,  Secretary 
and  Treasurer.  These  officers  were  continued  until 
Wm.  Weis  resigned  in  May,  1879,  when  Theod.  Beck- 
man  was  elected  to  the  vacancy, and  L. Wachenheimer 
declined  a  re-election  in  1883,  when  George  Emerson 
was  elected  Vice  President.  The  same  gentlemen 
were  annuallv  re-elected, and  with  Carl  Lenk  continu- 
ing as  President  and  Manager,  were  in  1887  the 
officers  of  the  Company.  The  success  of  the  Com- 
pany was  assured  from  the  first,  until  now  the  build- 
ings, with  their  arched  cellars  underneath,  cover 
more  than  two  acres  of  ground,  and  the  annual  sales 
reach  from  600,000  to  700,000  gallons  of  Wine,  for 
which  from  2,500  to  3,000  tonsof  Grapes  are  required. 
This  vast  amount  of  fruit  is  drawn  principally  from 
the  Lake  Erie  Islands  and  the  South  shore  of  the 
Lake ;  and  for  the  last  few  years,  the  neighborhood 
of  Toledo  has  furnished  large  quantities  of  Concords 
and  Ives,  while  Central  New  York  and  We.st  Virginia 
are  frequently  called  upon  to  supply  any  deficiency 
which  may  exist  here.  The  storage  capacity  of  the 
Ijuildings  is  now  fully  7.50,000  gallons,  contained  in 
about  400  casks,  varying  in  capacity  from  1,000  to  36,000 
gallons  each.  The  o6,000-gallon  cask  is  probably  the 
largest  Wine-cask  now  in  actual  use,  and  is  a  master- 
piece of  cooper's  work.  It  was  built  in  1883  by  Muel- 
ler Brothers,  of  Toledo,  and  annually  attracts  large 
numbers  of  visitors,  it  being  one  of  the  principal 
sights  of  Toledo. 

E.  W.  E.  Koch  and  Henry  Brand  each  have  ahso 
cultivated  Vineyards,  and  have  produced  Wine  since 
the  beginning  of  the  last  decade. 

BUSINESS    PURSUITS  -.MANUFACTURING. 

In  all  the  occupations  which  make  up  the  line  of 
building  and  manufacturing,  Germans  will  be  found 
largely  employed.  Stoneyards  are  kept  by  George 
Loeb  &  Sons  and  Albert  Neukom,  where  the  stone- 
cutting  for  the  best  structures  in  the  City  has 
been  done.  The  .specialty  of  Marble  Works  has  been 
attended  to  by  Eckhart  Brothers  and  John  Matthies 
&  Son.  Brickyards  were  carried  on  formerly  on  a 
smaller  scale  than  at  present.  E.  Kibbe's  (in  1854) 
turned  out  much  of  the  material  for  the  earlier  build- 
ings, and  Win.  Essing  was  burning  kilns  about  1870. 
Masons  and  Bricklayers  we  cannot  commence  to  enu- 
merate— there  were  scores  of  them.  The  same  as  of 
Carpenters,  several  of  whom,  having  made  their 
marks  as  master  builders,  will  be  noted.  H.  E.  Bruck- 


748 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


sieker  and  H.  H.  Samson  belong  to  the  older  genera- 
tion. Kuhlnian  &Koester,  Ludwig  Frank,  Aug.  Oech- 
sler  and  George  Tlatfoot  have  done  some  considerable 
work ;  also  Uhs.  Sohmuhl,  while  J.  V.  Sanfleet  has 
been  putting  up  some  of  the  finest  of  Toledo's  edi- 
fices. The  latter  has  also  erected  a  Planing  Mill  and 
a  Sasli,  Door  and  Blind  factory,  in  which  branch  we 
lind  another  (Jerman  firm,  C.  H.  Schroeder  &  Co., 
and  Christian  Zerk  as  manager  of  the  Toledo  Door, 
Sash  and  Blind  Corapanj'. 

In  Furniture  and  Cabinet-making,  wereMeilink& 
Epker,  the  pioneers,  having  arrived  here  in  1847,  and 
the  former  has  been  at  the  head  of  this  manufacture 
ever  since.  Although  born  in  Holland,  he  has  always 
been  counted  with  other  Dutchmen  to  the  German 
Colony.  B.  Neher,  Jacob  Ingold  and  PhUipp  Hager, 
have  also  been  in  the  business  for  some  time. 

In  Painting  and  Frescoing  many  were  engaged 
since  Jno.  Werner,  who  is  now  manufacturing  Var- 
nish on  a  large  scale  in  Mannheim,  painted  signs  in 
1858.  Schmidt  &  Thiem  were  relieved  by  death  some 
time  ago  from  the  painter's  colic;  Thorspecken,  Sr., 
has  been  succeeded  by  his  son  Henry.  Cooks  Broth- 
ers, who  did  some  fine  frescoing,  left  for  more  prom- 
ising fields ;  but  Fred.  Ingold,  Geo.  Josenhans,  and 
especially  J.  C.  Romeis,  are  still  maintaining  their 
supremacy  on  the  ladders. 

In  Upholstering  Frank  B.  F,lling  has  been  en- 
gaged since  1851. 

Carpet  Weaving  appears  to  be  almost  entirely  in 
German  hands.  The  four  running  looms  in  1874 
were  increased  in  1S86  to  13,  all  but  one  or  two  be- 
longing to  this  nationality.  Billiard  Tables  are  made 
by  only  one,  George  Schulz  ;  Brooms  by  the  Augs- 
bach  Brothers  and  G.  S.  Ressler. 

To  some  industries,  that  they  have  not  been  able 
to  maintain,  Germans  turned  their  attention  quite 
early,  so  to  Wood-turning,  to  the  manufacture  of 
matches,  which  M.  Edler  tried  to  establish  in  1856, 
and  to  Brushmaking,  in  which  Albert  Wunderle  was 
engaged  in  1870. 

In  the  metal-working  industries  we  see  the  Ger- 
mans equally  active.  'The  Toledo  Foundry  and  Ma- 
chine Company,  of  which  John  C.  Wuerfelis  Presi- 
dent, and  John  Crowe  Secretary,  is  controlled  by 
them.  George  Kniesser  is  the  leading  mechanic 
in  Haughton  &  Kniesser's  Steam  Engine  Works.  Of 
Frank  and  Peter  Holzemer,  the  former  has  made 
boilers  for  more  than  20  years.  In  the  manufacture 
of  Iron  Fences  and  Railings,  John  Mattheis,  decea.sed, 
has  been  succeeded  by  his  son.  In  the  blacksmith 
trade,  from  which  men  like  Henry  Spielbusch  have 
started  to  serve  the  City  well  in  various  capacities, 
we  find  in  1886  20  German  names,  out  of  a  total  of 
49.  Of  those  engaged  before  1860,  Joseph  Bulaffer, 
Henry  Kelp,  John  Reiter,  J.  Rapparlie  and  George 
Hannes  may  be  remembered  ;  the  last  named  are  still 
at  work. 

Wagon  and  Carriageinaking  has  for  a  decade  been 
an  industry  in  the  City  which  required  in  its  large 
operations  more  than  individual  capital  could  furnish, 
but  while  it  employs  many  German  hands,  and  also 
men  like  Bernard  Meilink  among  the  Directors  (of 
the  Milburn  Wagon  Works), it  has  been  followed  by 
at  least  one-half  Germans  out  of  18  engaged  on  pri- 
vate account,  of  which  F.  L.  Seibert's  works,  for  in- 
stance, have  descended  from  father  to  son  in  their 
duration.  In  the  manufacture  of  Carriage  Tops  and 
Trimmings,  C.  Z.  Kroh  &  Brother  stand  alone  ;  but 
as  Saddlers  and  Harnessmakers,  John  Redding  and 
A.  Bunert  are  named  over  38  years  ago.  John  Sattler 
&Son  in  1880,  when  four  were  Germans  out  of  10, 
which  proportion  was  increased  in  1886  to  10  out  of 
21  enumerated. 

In  Rooting,  with  slate,  asphalt  and  gravel,  thev 
have  entered  the  lists ;  and  in  laying  paving  of  this 
material,  Hummel  &  Schillinger  stand" at  the  head. 


As  Coppersmiths,  John  Groenewold  &  Son  have  no 
competition,  the  former  having  come  here  from  Cin- 
cinnati 20  years  ago ;  while  in  Plumbing,  Gas  and 
Steam-fitting,  they  have  to  divide  the  profits  with 
Schulz,  Klives  Brothers  and  Raitz. 

Val.  Seeger  has  been  established  as  Brassfounder 
several  years ;  and  William  Grab  is  succeeded  by  his 
sons  after  having  been  a,ssociated  for  many  years  as 
Locksmiths,  Cutlers,  Bellhangers  and  manufacturers 
of  Electric  apparatus. 

Tanning  has  never  been  largely  carried  on  in  this 
City  ;  but  while  it  promised  some  returns  in  1870,  A.  & 
Louis  Obrist  had  a  yard  on  Swan  Creek,  and  Jac. 
Landmann  tanned  light  leather  from  1866  to  1868. 

Shoemaking  was  an  occupation  well  followed  by 
the  subjects  of  our  sketch,  and  many  of  the  older  set- 
tlers will  remember  John  Pauly  and  Jac.  Moellendick 
"  pegging  away,"  when  not  engaged  in  their  more 
favorite  pastime  of  hunting.JohnLang,Mayer&  Kapp, 
Philipp  Redding,  Caspar  Geisert,  and  J.  F.  Meyer 
attended  to  the  "  soles  "  of  the  next  following  genera- 
tion, while  45  German  Shoemakers  out  of  a  total  of 
77  named,  take  care  of  the  "  understanding  "  of  the 
present. 

We  find  a  still  greater  preponderance  of  German 
names  among  the  Tailors.  Up  to  1870,  they  belonged 
most  all  to  that  nationality  ;  the  names  of  Theodore 
Wegener,  George  Lowwater,  J.  Stutz,  J.  Kettemann, 
Philipp  Hassenzahl  and  J.  Jacobi  (now  the  manager 
of  the  Buckeye  Brewery)  will  be  recalled.  In  1880 
their  number  increased  to  30,  in  a  total  of  35 ;  while 
the  information  of  1886  only  gives  22  among  30.  This 
may  be  owing  to  the  increase  of  Ready-made  Cloth- 
ing, manufactured  elsewhere;  also  that  others  prefer 
to  class  themselves  as  Merchant  Tailors,  among  whom 
John  Daiber,  Koelker  Brothers,  Machen  &  Huber 
and  Joseph  Metzger  can  be  named. 

In  Dressmaking  and  Millinery  the  German  ladies 
are  not  so  numerous  as  the  American,  only  about  20 
of  94 ;  but  in  the  former  Miss  Mary  Koehlor  has 
achieved  quite  a  success.  In  manufacturing  goods 
for  ladies'  w'ear,  German  houses  only  are  engaged. 
Black  &  Hoff'man  formerly  made  hoopskirts  and  cor- 
.sets;  and  since  the  death  of  Mr.  Hoffman  (the  firm 
having  changed  to  Alex.  Black),  is  extensively  man- 
ufacturing Cloaks. 

Roth  &  Friedman  are  knitting  goods  on  a  very 
large  scale,  and  employ  many  hands,  having  em- 
barked in  the  same  over  10  years  ago.  For  the  same 
period,  ('hr.  Gunther,  Thiede  Brothers  and  Rosa 
Schaefer  have  been'"  dyeing  to  live  and  living  to  dye." 

Sussman  &  Hoffman  lately  started  as  Furriers 

Among  the  Jewelers  and  Watchmakers,  J.  L. 
Tanke  is  one  of  the  oldest.  From  1S.54  to  1870  J.  F. 
Schwarz  was  a  kind  of  genius  in  that  line,  while  for 
the  last  ten  years  Jac.  Frame  has  finished  handsome 
work.  Dealers  as  well  as  makers  in  that  branch  are 
also  B.  H.  Broer,  M.  Judd,  C.  A.  Keil,  J.  G.  Kapp, 
Jacob  Sherman  and  John  Zurfluh. 

The  first  German  Bookbinder  was  H.Sickingen,  in 
1854.  He  was  succeeded  before  1870  by  Julius  T. 
Frey ;  but  Dan.  Nitschke  was  and  has  been  coeval 
with  them  as  foreman  of  the  Blade  Printing  and  Paper 
Company  Bindery.  Wendt  &  Rausch  (since  the 
latter's  death,  Wendt  &  Spatt)  are  also  in  the  busi- 
ness on  their  own  account  since  1880. 

It  is  20  years  since  Barth  was  running  the  Armada 
Mills  ;  but  Metzger  Bros.  &  Co.  are  pressing  Linseed 
Oil  and  Meal  at  the  present  date. 

The  oldest  Baker  whom  we  rvmember  was  Charles 
Mertz  in  1854,  unless  he  was  preceded  by  Matthias 
Boos.  The  former  afterwards  went  into  partnership 
with  A.  B.  Ernst.  Leading  Bakers  since  1870,  have 
been  Seyfang  &  Scheuerman,  Henry  Birkenhauer,  L. 
H.  Meinert  &  Co.,  T.  C.  Riffel  &  Son,  Frederick  Rit- 
ter,  John  Sanzenbacher  and  B.  Weber — in  all,  one- 
half  of  the  24  at  present  in  activity. 


THE  GERMAN  ELEMENT. 


749 


One  of  the  first  manufacturing  Confectioners  was 
S.  E.  Fuchs,  who  was  burned  out.  Tlie  one  now 
largest  in  this  business  is  Fred.  Gradoljih,  who 
was  formerly  in  partnership  with  his  brother  William, 
and  succeded  Charles  Lenk  in  1862. 

Of  Butchers,  Sausage  factories  and  Meat  Markets, 
the  first  and  oldest  to  mention  is  Peter  Kohler,  who 
supplied  the  settlers  from  184.5  to  1800.  Riegor  &  En- 
glehardt  commenced  to  Hourish  in  18.50.  They  were 
succeeded  to  1870  by  42  butchers,  of  whom  one-half 
were  Germans.  George  Meister,  Gottlieb  Stahl,  M. 
Stierling,  Frank  Tillman  &  Co.,  and  Wiedaian  &  Co. 
are  still  remembered.  The  number  augmented  in 
1880  to  63,  and  to  8o  in  188() ;  among  whom  we  recog- 
nize 37  German  names,  and  can  point  out  as  the  most 
prominent— Jacob  Folger,  Jacob  Kurtz,  Charles 
Mevers,  Gro.ssenbacher  &  Co.,  F.  W.  Saucke  and 
Wolf  Brothers. 

In  this  cursory  review  of  the  pastand  present  state 
of  manufacturing  in  Toledo,  we  have  arrived  at  some 
branches  to  which  the  Germans,  by  previous  training 
and  experience,  felt  specially  attracted.  The  making 
of  Cooperage  is  one  in  which  John  Naumann,  from 
1855  to  1865,  employed  quite  a  number  of  hands. 
Some  of  the.se  started  afterwards  for  themselves.  The 
shop  was  carried  on  for  some  time  after  his  death  by 
Henry  and  Charles  Herroeder.  Since  1870  Schunk 
Brothers  have  established  large  works  in  West  Toledo, 
where  they  keep  35  to  40  men  busy.  In  the  specialty 
of  building  large  Casks,  the  brothers,  Henry  and 
Alexander  Mueller,  have  excelled  since  18.52. 

BREWING    AND   MALTING. 

Brewing  and  Malting  together  have  been  one  of  the 
first  industries  established  hereby  Germans.  Of  the 
primitive  structures  built  by  J.  J.  Vogelsang,  in  1836, 
and  by  Edward  Klinge,  in  1840,  mention  has  been 
made  ;  but  it  should  be  added  that  it  is  claimed  for  the 
former,that  in  searching  for  good  water  for  his  Brewery 
he  bored  here  the  first  Artesian  well.  In  1854  Julius 
Kohler  had  established  a  Brewery  on  Bush  Street, 
near  the  Canal,  which  afterwards  wentthrough  many 
changes  of  owners;  first,  Kohler ct Co.,  then  Rudolph 
&  Georgy  ;  subsequently,  in  18.58,  Stephan  &  Co.  and 
Lehman  &  Eckarts ;  then  through  the  hands  of  J. 
Groenewold  and  Norton,  as  assignees  ;  finally  being 
purchased  by  Jacobi,  Coghlin  &  Co.,  and  now  is  the 
Buckeye  Brewing  Company. 

Andreas  Stephan  started  his  first  Brewery  on 
Swan  Creek,  near  Superior  Street.  He  associated  in 
18,56  with  Peter  Lenk,  and  sold  out  to  him  before  as- 
suming the  one  mentioned  above,  the  latter  trans- 
ferring the  Brewery  on  Swan  Creek  to  Hamilton 
Street,  where  it  was  considerably  enlarged.  It  also 
underwent  several  changes  of  management,  and  is 
now  styled  the  Toledo  Brewing  and  Malting  Com- 
pany, of  which  Peter  Lenk  is  President.  In  1870  a 
small  Brewery  wasowned  by  J.  M.  Hoffman,  on  Oliver 
Street.  The  Grasser  &  Brand  Brewing  Company,  on 
upjier  St.  Clair  Street,  has  been  substantially  owned 
and  managed  by  the  parties  which  gave  it  its  name 
ever  since  the  foundation  to  the  buildings  was  laid  in 
1862.  Both  proprietors  (Henry  Brand  and  Joseph 
Grasser)  have  been  residents  of  the  City  for  over  35 
years,  and  have  repeatedly  held  public  positions. 
From  1866  to  1873,  F.  Lang  &  Co.  (George  Stetter) 
ran  the  Brewery  on  Michigan  Street,  near  Cherry, 
when  both  went  in  with  Peter  Lenk.  (ieorge,  since 
his  arrival  in  18.50,  had  been  driving  Theodore  Stock- 
man's hearse  during  the  cholera  time,  had  worked  in 
a  Brickyard  and  graduated  as  a  Grocery  clerk.  Fred. 
Lang  (in  America  since  1848)is  a  practical  Brewer, 
and  went  into  business  on  his  own  account  again  in 
1882,  with  his  son  Fred.,  Jr.,  at  the  old  location,  un- 
der the  style  of  the  Eagle  Brewery.  Several  Germans 
— Zahm,  Theodore  Klemm,   and  lately   Herman   C. 


Hahn  and  Max  Eppstein,   have  been   engaged   witli 
Finlay's  Brewery. 

The  bottling  of  Mi)ieral  Wafer  and  other  so-called 
"soft  drinks"  was  first  carried  on  by  Henry  Brand, 
on  Erie  Street,  near  the  Court-Hou.se.  He  sold  out 
to  John  Schrink,  who  in  1878  wassucceeded  by  Philip 
Schmidt,  by  whom  the  factory  was  considerably  en- 
larged, and  improved  machinery  introduced.  Frank 
Neiss  owns,  since  18,S0,  the  Lake  Erie  Bottling  Works. 
The  bottling  of  Lager  Beer  and  Ale  has  become  a 
sejjarate  indvistry,  and  every  Brewery  has  an  estab- 
lishment of  their  own.  The  "Buckeye  and  other  brands 
of  Beer  are  bottled  by  A.  Ullrich  &  Co. 

LIQUORS. 

The  first  German  engaged  in  the  Rectification  of 
Spirits,  and  in  dealing  in  Liquors,  was  Matthias 
Boos,  from  the  year  1845,  in  partnershiji  with  Lyman 
Wheeler.  On  the  latter's  death,  the  firm  changed, 
first  to  the  former,  then  to  M.  Boos  &  Son  ;  and,  the 
father  retiring  in  1882,  to  Wm.  H.  Boos.  Matthias 
Boos  died  in  1885,  highly  respected  by  all  who  knew 
him. 

In  the  fall  of  1849,  two  Germans  arrived  in  New 
York  in  the  same  ship,  beingof  very  different  charac- 
ters, but  having  become  attached  to  each  other  on 
the  voyage.  They  met  in  Toledo  in  the  spring  of 
1850,  and  commenced  the  distillery  of  fine  liquors, 
in  which  the  elder  had  some  experience,  while  the 
younger  was  a  Merchant  by  education.  .  The  former, 
Rudolph  Brand,  of  Witten,  was  a  steady,  quiet  and 
aflable  man,  while  Peter  Lenk,  from  Wuerzburg,  was 
pushing  and  very  energetic.  Both  were  cultured 
gentlemen,  and  their  firm  of  Brand  and  Lenk  soon 
took  front  rank  among  the  manufacturing  and  mer- 
cantile houses  of  the  City,  while  their  influence  in 
the  society  of  their  countrymen  was  strongly  recog- 
nized. In  1857,  Peter  Lenk  went  into  Brewing,  Carl 
Bauch  (his  brother-in-law)  taking  his  place  in  the 
firm,  which  was  changed,  January  1,  1858,  to  R. 
Brand  &  Co.  Bauch  returned  to  Germany,  and  in  the 
summer  of  1860,  Guido  Marx  entered  the  firm, 
having  disposed  of  his  stock  of  Groceries  to  do  it, 
with  the  intention  of  closing  out  the  same.  This 
purpose  was  hastened  by  the  tire  which  broke  out  in 
October,  1860,  in  the  Bakery  next  door,  oji  the  corner 
of  Summit  and  Monroe  Streets,  and  in  consequence 
of  which  they  had  to  move  to  No.  36  Monroe  Street. 
June  16,  1865,  Rudolph  Brand  died,  one  of  the  most 
popular,  respectable  and  honorable  men  that 
ever  graced  the  business  circles  of  this  commu- 
nity. His  nephew,  Adolph  Brand,  who  had  been 
connected  with  the  house  for  several  years,  assumed 
the  interest  of  the  estate  and  entered  as  partner, 
sustaining  in  every  way,  the  reputation  for  integrity 
the  uncle  had  gained.  The  firm  remaining  the  same, 
R.  Brand  &  Co.,  have  ever  since  been  regarded  as 
the  leading  house  in  their  line  ;  they  first  carried  the 
trade  of  the  City  into  the  Lake  Superior  Iron  and 
Copper  regions,  and  beyond  on  the  Northern 
Pacific  Railroad.  They  first  imported  Wines  directly 
from  Germany,  France,  Italy  and  Spain,  to  this  port, 
those  countries  having  been  visited  repeatedly  by 
Guido  Marx,  and  also  by  Adolph  Brand,  to  establish 
connections.  They  moreover  oft'ered  such  remuner- 
ative prices  to  the  first  producers  of  native  Wines  in 
our  vicinity  as  to  encourage  largely  their  cultivation. 
In  1874,  the  firm  erected  on  St.  Clair  Street,  on  the 
ground  on  which  they  before  had  built  the  first 
United  States  Bonded  Warehouse,  the  fine  four- 
story  and  basement,  stone-front  (Nos.  120-124),  in 
the  "middle  of  which  they  are  located  at  present. 

In  the  same  line  of  business,  we  find  in  1860, 
Stettiner,  Landman  &  Co.,  who  subsequently  con- 
stituted three  separate  concerns  —  Jacob  Land- 
man &  Co.,  Henry  Stettiner  &  Co.,  and  Sam.  Stet- 
tiner.   The  firm  of  L.  Franc  &  Co.,  transplanted  from 


750 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Dry  Goods  to  "  Wet,"  has  in  its  rapid  growth,  sent 
out  a  similar  shoot  (Rosenthal,  Kaufman  &  Co.)-  L. 
A.  Fontaine  &  Co.  of  that  j'ear,  has  given  way  to  A. 
Burde  &  Co.  Of  Melchers  &  Lohmann,  engaged  in  the 
same  business  in  IStiil,  E.  Melchers  remains  in  18S6. 
The  firm  of  Markschefiel  &  Co.,  composed  of  the 
brothers  Charles  and  William,  with  jtheir  nephew, 
George  W.  Ernst,  are  also  to  some  extent  in  the 
Wholesale  Liquor  trade,  as  is  E.  W.  E.  Koch,  and 
Alexander  Weber. 

Manufacturing  Perfumery  and  Flavoring  Extracts 
has  been  brought  to  considerable  perfection  and  ex- 
tension by  Lorenz  Brothers. 

MERCANTILE   PURSUITS. 

Although  the  United  States  records  for  the  last  25 
years  would  show  tlie  number  of  those  engaged  in 
selling  Cigars  and  Tobacco,  we  cannot  even  approxi- 
mate the  proportion  of  Germans,  but  know  the  same 
to  be  very  large.  Carried  on  so  frequently  in  con- 
nection with  other  business,  tlie  same  as  selling 
Liquors  at  retail,  satisfactory  figures  cannot  be  given. 
As  a  matter  of  history,  a  few  names  may  be  men- 
tioned for  each  of  the  several  periods  which  were 
considered,  at  their  respective  dates,  the  popular 
places  of  public  resort,  or  most  frequented  Saloons. 
A  picture  of  German  life  without  a  German  Beer 
Hall  would  not  be  complete :  Steckhahn,  1851  ; 
Jaroslav  Wandke,  1852;  Charles  Schaal,  1854;  A. 
Schiele,  L.  Taubitz,  George  Tanner,  Schmelzpfennig 
and  Fr.  Scboening,  1862 ;  Fred.  Diebel,  Jacobs,  George 
Weber,  Franz  Gaetschenberger,  Rolsert  Dederichs, 
Charles  Josenhans,  1870 ;  Charles  Villhauer,  1880. 
At  the  present  time,  Birkenhauer,  Mrs.  F.  Diebel, 
Jacob  Hoffmann,  August  Leibius,  Peter  Schneider, 
Gustav  Baither,  since  1858 ;  John  Kiessling,  John 
Trier,  M.  Epi>le,  D.  Sansenbacher,  Henry  Schlegel, 
Philipp  Junghans,  and  last,  but  not  least,  Anton 
Holzmann. 

The  same  difficulty  occurs  in  detailing  the  part 
Giermans  have  had  in  the  Grocery  trade.  While  only 
three  houses— E.  &  G.  Marx,  between  1851  and  1860, 
and  Markscheffel  Bros,  and  Stettiner,  Landman  & 
Co.,  somewhat  later,  endeavored  to  build  up  a 
Wholesale  business,  we  find  that  in  1870,  of  150 
Retail  Grocers,  71  bore  German  names.  This  propor- 
tion changed  in  1880  to  about  80  in  196,  and  in  1886 
we  find  278  enumerated,  of  which  we  recognize  104 
as  belonging  to  the  nationality  of  which  we  write. 
It  is  evidently  not  within  the  scope  of  this  work  to 
recall  even  a  minority  of  those  which  have  occui>ied 
the  available  corners,  and  often  the  space  between 
them,  during  the  last  40  years,  devoted  to  this  busi- 
ness. Of  those  who  went  to  rest  long  ago,  Veit 
Wening  will  be  remembered,  George  Redding,  F.  M. 
Kumpe,  John  Auth,  Hansen  and  Schnetzler  and 
August  Engfer.  Coming  down  to  present  time,  we 
find  Wuerfel  Brothers,  and  M.  Lotterer  having  gone 
out,  Ferd.  Johnson,  Aug.  Rail,  Nic.  Auth,  John 
Scheuermann,  Mich.  Britsch,  Aug.  Broer,  Charles 
and  Henry  Herroeder,  Christ.  Rudolph,  Henry 
Spielbusch,  J.  J.  Vollmeyer,  John  Wagenknecht, 
Overmeyer  &  Duden,  Louis  Metzger,  as  successor  to 
Plumey  &  Metzger,  still  engaged  ;  and  Everh.  Poll- 
mann,  Fred.  Lange,  Chas.  Hand  and  John  Manns, 
as  later  accessories ;  while  A.  Rensch  &  Co.  make  a 
specialty  of  Cheese  and  similar  goods. 

Of  those  dealing  in  Flour  and  Feed  alone,  the 
names  of  S.  Salm,  Millers  &  Diehl,  Fred.  Adams  (suc- 
cessors to  Chas.  Oekel),  Fred.  Soltman  and  Bihl 
Brothers  occur,  while  others  might  be  mentioned. 

Dealing  in  Hardware,  we  find  Heckman  &  Gerber 
before  1870  ;  also  Frederick  Schaal ;  five  years  later, 
Carl  and  George  Braun,  in  the  firm  of  Bostwick, 
Braun  &  Co.,  wholesaling  to  considerable  extent; 
then  Henry  Kahlo  &  Co.,  paying  particular  attention 
to  Carriage  Hardware ;  also  Albert  Will,  succeeding 


his  brother,  Fritz  Will  (who  took  charge  of  the 
Rochester,  New  York,  Stove  Works),  in  the  firm  of 
Bacon  &  Will,  E.  A.  Eversman,  Stollberg  &  Kuhlman, 
and  J.  C.  Weeber  &  Co.,  in  Builders'  Hardware, 
Tools,  Paints,  Oil  and  Glass.  The  oldest  of  all  Ger- 
mans in  this  line  is  Henry  Philipps,  who  embarked 
in  it  as  early  as  18.54,  but  turned'  aside  to  make 
Agricultural  Implements  and  Seeds  his  principal 
branch,  in  w'hich  he  is  assisted  by  his  sons.  He 
erected,  in  1870,  the  large  Store  front,  Nos.  141  and 
143  St.  Clair  Street,  for  his  purposes. 

Since  the  close  of  the  War,  Henry  G.  Neubert  has 
been  selling  China,  Crockery  and  Glassware,  on  Sum- 
mit Street,  having  also  established,  with  one  of  his 
former  clerks,  a  branch  on  Cherry  Street,  under  the 
style  of  Shelling  &  Co.  For  a  shorter  space  of  time, 
Hassenzahl,  Daudt  &  Co.  have  been  pushing  the 
same  lines,  and  into  the  wholesale  trade.  They 
lately  incorporated  as  the  Daudt  Glassware  and 
Crockery  Company.  Otto  Schroeter,  for  20  years, 
kept  a  large  stock  of  Toys  and  Fancy  Goods,  and  dis- 
poses of  them  exclusivel}'  now  at  Wholesale. 

Of  the  Dry  CTOods  trade,  Germans  obtained  a  fair 
share.  Fritz  Opitz  was  in  it  as  early  as  1848;  and 
Loescher  &  Reideraeister  in  185.3.  Previous  to  1870, 
Neuhausel  Brothers  commenced,  and  they  have  con- 
siderably enlarged  since  ;  while  Ad.  Schansenbach, 
of  the  same  period,  has  gone  out  West.  C.  Daudt  re- 
turned to  Germany,  and  Graff  went  to  Now  York, 
when  his  partners  (Henry  Thorner  and  L.  Franc) 
changed  over  to  the  Liquor  houses.  Lasalle  & 
Eppstein's  store,  on  the  latter's  decease,  was  con- 
tinued with  Cohen,  and  afterwards  Koch,  as  partner, 
Cohen  going  into  business  for  himself  in  the  begin- 
ning of  1886.  S.  H.  Frank  &  Co.  started  during  these 
withdrawals.  Billstein  &  Co.,  since  1880,  supplied 
the  demand  for  Dry  Goods  on  Broadway,  and  Gustav 
Trost  on  Neliraska  Avenue. 

The  Clothing  business  has  been  pre-empted  by 
Germans  largely  since  1847,  when  D.  Heinsheimer  & 
Co. first  entered  the  race;  before  the}' went  out,  in  1855, 
Fechheiraer  &  Co.;  afterwards  G.  Goldsmith,  Mack, 
Thorner  &  Co.,  succeeded  by  J.  H.  Thorner,  S.  Stet- 
tiner &  Co.,  Benj.  and  M.  Gitsky  and  Jacob  Kraus, 
went  in  ;  but  the  year  1870  found  only  B.  Gitsky  & 
Sons,  and  Kraus  &  Daiber  on  the  lists ;  with  John 
Ketteman,  .Joseph  Simon,  C.  Weber  &  Sons  (since 
J.  W.  &  Bro.),  and  Ab.  Sugarman  coming  in  since. 
Kraus  «&  Roemer  started  as  early  as  any,  but  diverged 
during  the  last  15  years  to  the  Wholesale  Manufac- 
turing and  Piece  Goods  line,  first  under  the  style  of 
Roemer  &  Stern  Brothers ;  then,  as  now,  as  Stern, 
Bloch  &  Co.  Henry  Kiest  has  been  with  the  firm  as 
Bookkeeper  for  nearly  20  years. 

From  1870  to  1874,"  the  "Gerraania  Insurance  Com- 
pany, of  which  John  F.  Whitker  was  President, 
existed  ;  but  the  enterprise  not  proving  profitable,  it 
was  wound  up.  Still,  some  Germans  have  remained 
in  that  business.  We  may  name  Valentine  Braun, 
E.  L.  Valois,  and  Geo.  Tanner  &  Son  (Frank  C),  and 
Charles  R.  Fisher  acts  as  Agent  for  Steamship  Lines. 

While  some  Germans  have  not  made  a  success  of 
the  Savings  &  Loan  Association,  nor  the  Bank  of 
which  they  had  the  principal  control,  we  find  others 
as  trustworthy  Directors  in  National  Banks  and  other 
moneyed  institutions.  Matthias  Boos  for  a  longtime 
was  one  of  the  Directors  of  the  First  National  Bank  ; 
Geo.  A.  Braun  is  still  one  of  the  Second  National; 
B.  Meilink  and  John  Daiber,  of  the  Merchant'.?  Na- 
tional ;  and  Guido  Marx  has  been  since  its  beginning, 
in  1875,  Director  of  the  Toledo  Savings  Bank  and 
Trust  Co. 

The  Mechanics  Savings  &  Building  Loan  Associa- 
tion, of  which  Jos.  E.  Marx  was  Director  in  1870,, has 
also  well  accomplished  its  purpose. 

While  Railroads  are  usually  built  by  associated 
capital,  a  short  one  (the  Swan  Creek  Railroad)  was 


THE  GERMAN  ELEMENT. 


751 


constructed  by  Conrad  Huberich  alone,  to  connect 
the  factories  on  that  Creek  with  the  Lake  Shore  Road. 
It  is  still  controlled  by  (ieruians. 

In  coming  to  the  last  service  usually  rendered, 
that  of  Undertaking,  Joseph  Abele  and  Michael 
Hoeflinger  are  found  ready  to  attend  to  it,  C.  11. 
Schroeder  carrying  on  with  Bennett  the  same  occu- 
pation in  which  Wm.  H.  Schroeder  had  undertaken 
before  1870. 

MILIT.\RY     ITKSUITS. 

The  same  earnest  and  active  zeal  which  our 
fellow-citizens  born  in  Germany  or  their  next  de- 
scendants have  displayed  in  all  the  fore-mentioned 
pursuits  and  vocations,  they  have  also  shown  in 
taking  active  part  in  every  movement  for  the  best 
defense  of  the  society  of  which  they  had  become 
integral  members.  In  June,  1.S.55,  a  call  appeare<l  in 
the  Ohio  Staats  Zeitnnri,  signed  by  Dr.  F.  J.  Klau.ser 
and  B.  Hippler,  for  the  formation  of  a  German  Mili- 
tary Compan)',  when  the  "  Geruiaii  Yeagers  "  were 
organized,  of  which,  in  KS'ifi,  Rath  was  Captain  and 
Ur.  Klauser  Lieutenant.  In  l.S,58  Jacob  Tanner  was 
elected  Captain.  The  Company  was  absorbed  in  the 
more  serious  military  life  wliich  sprang  into  existence 
upon  the  election  of  President  Lincoln. 

Before  we  enter  upon  this  further,  we  must  men- 
tion the  spirited,  patriotic  and  charitable  enthu.siasm 
with  which  German  Women  and  Girls  acted  during 
the  whole  of  that  trying  time.  The  share  they  took 
in  instituting  societies  for  assistance  in  the  various 
directions  called  for  during  the  War,  was  second  to 
none.  From  the  first  call  for  organizations  of  Volun- 
teers to  support  the  cause  of  the  Union,  the  German 
born  of  this  vicinity  took  as  lively  an  interest  in  en- 
listments as  did  any  other  part  of  the  population. 
In  the  nature  of  things,  their  names  were  not  as 
frequently  mentioned  in  the  rosters  of  the  officers,  as 
in  the  rolls  of  the' privates;  and  these  will  be  given 
as  far  as  obtainable  in  another  part  ot  this  volume  ; 
but  we  find  in  the  former,  that  in  the  Fourteenth 
Regiment,  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry  (the  first  organ- 
ized in  Toledo  for  the  three  months  service),  Louis 
Von  Blessingh  went  as  Captain,  and  William  Schulz 
as  Second  Lieutenant.  In  this  regiment  Henry  G. 
Neubert  enlisted  as  private  and  re-enlisted  for  three 
years,  being  promoted  through  all  the  intermediate 
grades  until  he  received  an  honorable  discharge  as 
Captain  at  the  end  of  the  War.  Company  H,  of  the 
Fourteenth,  was  largelj'  composed  of  Germans. 
Frank  Keck  was  First  Lieutenant ;  Robert  Just  was 
also  First  Lieutenant  in  the  Fourteenth.  J.  C.  Han 
sen,  First  Sergeant,  died  while  in  service.  The 
Twenty-Fifth  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry  contained  also 
a  Company  recruited  in  this  City.  Peter  Triquart 
was  promoted  in  it  to  First  Lieutenant,  and  Emil  L. 
Marx  enlisted  as  private,  was  honorably  discharged 
when  his  first  wife  died,  leaving  him  in  care  of  five 
children.  The  Twenty-Seventh  Ohio  Volunteer  In- 
fantry drew  also  upon  Toledo  Germans  for  its  con- 
tingent. Wm.  F.  Neubert  was  one  of  the  privates, 
serving  honorably  during  the  entire  War.  He  after- 
wards died  in  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  leaving  a  wife  and 
two  boys.  The  Thirty-Seventh  Ohio  Volunteer  In- 
fantry was  composed  entirely  of  Germans,  and  three 
of  its  Companies  were  enlisted  in  Toledo.  Louis  Von 
Blessingh  was  Lieutenant  Colonel,  commanding  the 
Regiment  after  Colonel  Sieber's  resignation.  Fredk. 
Hohly  was  Surgeon,  Capt.  Fredk.  Schoening  died 
May  18, 1864,  of  wound  received  in  battle  of  Resaca. 
Capt.  Paul  Wittich  was  killed  at  Kenesaw  July  22, 
1864.  Capts.  Wm.  Schultz,  John  Hamm, Jacob  Mery, 
Herman  Rosenbaum,  Gustav  Baither  and  Dietrich 
Smith  were  mustered  out  with  the  regiment;  as  were 
First  Lieutenants  Louis  Sebastian,  Geo.  W.  Temme 
and  Jos.  Langenderfer,  and  F.  Ingold  as  Second  Lieu- 
tenant.  Jaroslav  Wandke.a  private, was  killed  before 


Vicksburg.  John  S.  Kountz,  the  "  Drummer  Boy," 
lost  his  leg  at  Mission  Ridge.  The  names  of  others 
will  be  found  elsewhere,  as  fully  as  the  records  will 
furnish  them.  In  the  Sixty-Seventli  Ohio  ^'olunteer 
Infantry  Henry  Bredt  was  First  Lieutenant,  and 
Emil  S.  Marx  was  assigned  to  this  Regiment  as  Bugler, 
when  he  enlisted  the  second  time  after  he  had  married 
again,  to  serve  as  substitute  for  his  brother  Guido, 
who  was  drafted.  Emil  died  in  March,  18()7,  being 
always  very  much  liked  for  his  goodness  of  heart. 
Two  of  his  cliildren  and  widow'  survive  biin.  The 
One  Hundredth,  as  well  as  the  One  Hundred  and  Elev- 
enth Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry,  had  many  Toledoans 
in  their  ranks.  Dan'l  F.  Waltz  was  in  the  latter;  so 
were  various  bodies  of  Cavalry  and  Artillery,  recruit- 
ed near  Toledo,  and  joined  by  many  Germans  of 
which  we  have  no  record,  excejjt  of  Chas.  M.  Schiele,' 
First  Ohio  Light  Artillery,  Fourth  Battery.  The  First 
Ohio  National  Guard,  of  which  four  companies,  and 
part  of  the  Fifth,  were  from  Toledo,  was  organized  in 
July,  1863,  and  went  into  the  service  June  4,  1864, 
as  the  One  Hundred  and  Thirtieth  Regiment,  Ohio 
Volunteer  Infantry,  for  100  days.  It  also  contained 
a  number  of  Germans. 

Not  until  1880  was  another  Regiment  of  the  Ohio 
National  Guard  equipped  in  Toledo.  This  time  it 
was  numbered  the  16th;  of  which  Henry  G.  Neubert 
was  elected  Colonel,  which  place  he  filled  until  his 
resignation  in  1881.    It  also  numbers  many  Germans. 

We  have  under  the  appellation  "  German,"  in- 
cluded not  only  such  as  were  born  in  Germany,  but 
al.so  their  children,  so  far  as  they  have,  by  education 
and  inclination,  considered  themselves  not  too  re- 
mote from  the  paternal  tree.  But  whatever  their 
place  of  nativity,  in  devotion  to  their  adopted  coun- 
try, in  love  for  American  institutions  and  Republican 
Liberty,  the  adopted  citizens  of  Crerman  descent  do 
not  yield  in  anything  to  their  native-born  brethren. 
While  they  have  maintained,  to  a  certain  degree, 
their  interest  in  the  concerns  of  the  land  of  their 
birth,  and  have  taken  part,  .so  far  as  they  could,  in 
the  events  of  Peace  and  War  which  called  for  active 
assistance,  they  always  rendered  the  same  aid  to  all 
domestic  calls. 

POLITICS   AND   PUBLIC   LIFE. 

Politically,  the  Germans  of  the  period  before  1848 
(with  the  exception  of  the  immigration  of  1830-3) 
sided  mostly,  as  by  a  preconceived  notion,  with  the 
Democratic  party.  The  Know  Nothing  movement  in 
18.56  tried  to  punish  them  for  this,  but  only  succeeded 
in  rallying  them  closer  under  Democratic  colors  un- 
til the  "  Free  Soil  "  and  Anti-Slavery  agitation  pre- 
sented issues  upon  which  the  German  vote  quickly 
became  divided.  While  the  elder  immigration  largely 
retained  their  political  predilections,  the  younger 
zealously  began  to  advocate  the  advanced  principles 
as  early  as  1854,  and  to  vote  with  tho.se  with  whom 
they  agreed.  They  assisted  mainly  in  carrying  the 
Central  States  for  the  Republican  party,  and  to  bring 
thesameintothepowerwhichit  held  for  nearly  a  quar- 
ter of  a  century.  By  their  active  participation  in  all 
public  affairs,  they  were  soon  called  to  take  their 
share  of  the  responsibilities  and  honors  in  the  ad- 
ministration of  City,  Township  and  County  affairs. 
Under  the  old  Toleilo  City  organization,  John  Goet- 
tel  was  elected  Marshal,  and  served  from  1841  to  1845. 
W.  F.  Pregizer  held  the  same  position  from  1851  to 
1852.  In  1857  Christ.  Woehler  was  elected  City 
Treasurer  and  held  the  office  until  1869. 

After  Toledo  had  been  declared  a  City  of  the  First 
Class,  the  Mayoralty  was  held  by  Cxermans  for  10 
years  out  of  16,  extending  to  1885.  Wm.  Kraus  was 
Mayor  in  1870-1.  A  celebration  of  the  4th  of  July 
falling  on  Sunday  and  being  participated  in  by  him, 
with  the  Germans  generally,  created  such  ill  feeling 
during  his  term  among  other  constituents,  that   he 


752 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


failed  of  being  re-elected.  Guid-o  Mars  was  elected 
Mayor  in  April,  1875,  and  declined,  for  private  rea- 
son's, a  renomination  at  the  expiration  of  his  term  of 
two  years,  which  was  very  flatteringly  ottered  by 
manv  citizens,  regardless  of  party.  Serving  during 
the  Centennial  year,  he  gave  in  his  message  to  the 
City  Council  in'that  Spring  quite  full  account  of  the 
condition  of  the  City  at  that  period.  The  enforce- 
ment of  the  ordinance  against  the  running  at  large  of 
animals  in  the  Streets  under  his  administration  made 
it  possible  to  secure.a  more  general  embellishment  of 
the  City.  Of  Jacob  Romeis,  elected  Mayor  in  the 
Spring  of  1S79,  and  elected  again  in  18S1,  and  the 
third  time  in  1883,  serving  until  1885,  special  mention 
is  made  elsewhere.  George  Scheets  was  elected  by 
the  Council  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Mayor  Romeis. 

The  ofBce  of  City  Auditor  has  been  filled  by  Otto 
Klemni  from  1869  to  1878,  very  creditably. 

John  Nanman  was  twice  elected  Street  Commis- 
sioner, first  in  1867,  and  served  until  1871.  John 
Bayer  held  the  same  office  during  1884  and  1885,  and 
was  re-elected  in  18S6. 

In  the  City  Council  we  find  previous  to  1870,  J.  F. 
Witker,  A.  Stephan,  Henry  Brand  and  Henry  Phil- 
ipps;  from  1871  to  1873,  George  Scheets  and  Guido 
Marx ;  from  1873  to  1875,  George  Stetter,  George 
Meissner  and  Fred.  Jaeger.  Henry  Spielbusch  first 
entered  the  Council  in  1878.  During  the  nine  years 
he  has  so  far  served  in  the  City  Council,  he  has  been 
called  to  serve  as  Vice  President  and  on  very  impor- 
tant Committees.  From  1879  to  1881,  George  Fey, 
Charles  J.  Kirschner,  Jacob  Engelhardt,  John  J.  Voll- 
meyer,  \Vm.  H.  Meyer,  Christ  Yerk,  Otto  A.  Dudeu, 
and  Wm.  H.  Minnekerhad  seats  in  the  Council;  and 
Jac.  Romeis  (having  entered  in  1875),  E.  A.  Eversman, 
Fred.  Raitz,  George  Tanner,  and  Carl  Wenzel  in  the 
Board  of  Aldermen.  In  1886  E.  H.  Kuhhuan  repre- 
sented in  the  latter  the  1st  Ward,  George  W.  Boos 
the  3d,  J.  E.  Schultz  the  4th,  A.  Broer  the  5th,  and  G. 
E.  Lorenz  the  7th  ;  while  in  the  Board  of  Councilmen 
Henry  Si)ielbusch  answers  for  Ward  2d,  and  Robert 
Raitz  for  Ward  7th. 

In  the  old  Volunteer  Fire  Department,  Germans 
took  a  very  lively  interest.  Fire  Engine  and  Hose 
Co.  No.  3,  was  partially  composed  by  them,  and  No. 
4  altogether  so.  The  latter  was  founded  in  1853.  In 
1854  William  Kraus  was  elected  2d  Assistant  Engi- 
neer, and  Guido  Marx  in  1858.  Jacob  Landman  was 
Foreman  of  No.  3  in  1852,  which  position  Christ. 
Woehler  held  afterwards.  The  first  Foreman  of  No. 
4  was  JuHus  Meyer,  Valentine  Braun  succeeding  him 
in  1854,  and  then  Fr.  Schoening.  Henrv  Spielbusch, 
Guido  Marx,  Nic.  Spinner,  A.  B.  Ernst,  Gustav  Fenne- 
berg,  were  some  of  the  members.  Thev  constituted 
the  "  Firemen's  Benevolent  Association,"  the  first 
society  of  the  kind  in  the  City.  The  City  Council 
authorized  by  special  ordinance,  dated  March  10, 
1856,  Emil  L.  Marx  to  form  aCompanv  of  not  exceed- 
mg  40  members,  to  be  called  the  "  F'ire  Guard,"  for 
the  protection  of  propertv  during  fires,  and  to  be  part 
of  the  Fire  Department.  It  was  enrolled.  Emil  L. 
Marx  became  the  first  Foreman,  and  Herman  Witt- 
stein  the  Secretary,  and  did  good  service  while  it  ex- 
isted. 

An  equally  large  array  of  German  names  are  found 
connected  with  the  Police  Department.  The  Mayor 
acted  ex  officio  as  President  of  the  Board  of  Police 
Commissioners. 

*i,  ^i}^^  ^"'"■'^  °*  Health,  as  formerly  constituted, 
the  Mayor  was  ex  officio  President.  Member  of  the 
Board  was,  from  1873  to  1875,  V.  Braun  ;  and  from 
18^3  to  1879  Dr.  Max  Jungbluth.  Fred.  Tigges  and 
Herman  Mahrone  Sanitary  Policemen 

Trustee  of  the  Water  Works  was  Carl  Schon,  1872 
and  1876;  then  President  of  the  Board  and  Superin- 
tendent in  1881.    Joseph  Crasser  was  Trustee  from 


1879  to  1882,  and  Henry  Bruksieker  from  1881  to 
1885.  A.  Grauff  has  been  Engineer  since  the  starting 
of  the  Works  in  1873. 

Otto  Schroeter  has  been  one  of  the  Park  Commis- 
sioners for  over  10  years. 

Trustees  of  the  House  of  Refuge  and  Correction, 
were  Dr.  V.  Braun,  Joseph  E.  Marx  and  J.  E.  Wit- 
ker, previous  to  1871  ;  John  M.  Hauser  from  1877  to 
1881 ;  Jacob  Landman  from  1878  to  1879  ;  and  Henry 
Kahlo  from  1881  to  1886  ;  also  Martin  Friedbergfrom 
1883. 

Conrad  Hubericb  w^as  a  Director  of  the  Work- 
house Board  from  1873  to  1879. 

B.  Meilink  is  one  of  the  Toledo  Tax  Commis- 
sioners. 

Guido  Marx  was  appointed  one  of  the  Trustees  of 
the  Sinking  Fund  by  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  but 
did  not  accept. 

Every  year  for  the  last  15,  from  two  to  four  Ger- 
mans have  been  elected  as  Assessors  in  the  eight 
Wards  of  the  City. 

The  Decennial  Assessor  of  Real  Estate,  in  1870, 
was  Henry  Brand. 

On  the  Board  of  Equalization  in  1873,  was  Ernst 
Greiner;  in  1875,  George  Tanner;  in  1876,  Henry 
Lorenz  and  George  ileissner;  and  since,  Christ.  Ham- 
mer, John  F.  Witker,  Henry  Spielbusch  and  J.  C. 
Wernert. 

Under  the  Township  administration,  Wm.  Kraus 
held  the  office  of  Trustee  in  1855.  and  Fritz  Opitz  that 
of  Clerk  in  18.54.  Otto  Reidemeister  was  Jn.stice  of 
the  Peace  in  1868  to  1872,  George  Vetter  1880;  and 
Jacob  Bailleux  since  that.  George  Mack  is  County 
Infirmary  Director  ;  and  at  least  six  Germans  have 
been  Constables  .since  1857. 

Many  others  held  positions  in  the  various  Town- 
ships. Providence  — Dean  Christmann  as  Treasurer 
of  Waterville,  Andrew  Gessner  Assessor  of  Waynes- 
field,  and  George  Vetter  and  C.  Yeslin  as  Justices  in 
Sylvania  and  Washington  Townships. 

Of  the  County  officers,  Ernst  Greiner,  A.  Stephan, 
Val.  Braun  anil  John  S.  Kountz  held  that  of  Treas- 
urer successively  to  1872.  Gustav.  Wittstein  was 
elected  Auditor  in  1S74,  and  died  while  in  office. 
This  position  is  now  occupied  by  Charles  A.  Vord- 
triede,  who  is  a  well-posted  officer  and  very  careful. 
John  S.  Kountz  held  the  office  of  Recorder  from  1875 
to  1878;  and  Charles  J.  Kirschner  from  1883  to  1886. 
The  term  of  Wernert  as  County  Commissioner  ex- 
pired in  18S6.  George  C.  Meissner,  Jr.,  was  Surveyor 
in  1.886.  The  office  of  Coroner  has  repeatedly  been 
filled  by  Germans.  Jacob  Schoenacker,  who  died 
October  S,  18-54,  was  the  first  German  to  hold  office  in 
the  County  ;  Simon  Kohn  followed  him;  and  one  of 
his  successors  was  Val.  Braun  to  1859.  From  1880  to 
1881  Dr.  Frederick  Hohly  held  the  same. 

Lucas  County  has  sent  three  Germans  to  repre- 
sent it  in  the  General  Assembly.  The  first  one  was 
Guido  Marx,  who  was  elected  in  the  Fall  of  1870  a 
Representative,  and  filled  the  position  from  1871  to 
'75,  having  been  re-elected.  He  was  succeeded  for  one 
term  b}'  Conrad  Huberich  (afterwards  L'nited  States 
Internal  Revenue  Agent).  Henry  Kahlo  was  elected 
to  the  House  of  Representatives  for  the  years  1882 
and  1883,  and  declined  a  nomination  by  his  party 
(the  Democrats). 

Jacob  Romeis  was  elected  to  Congress  in  October, 
1884,  by  the  Republicans,  and  was  re-elected  in  1886. 

United  States  offices  have  hi-en  tilled  by  German 
born  citizens  on  several  occasions.  Joseph  E.  Marx 
was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  as  Consul  at 
Amsterdam,  and  remained  there  until  the  latter's 
death.  Under  General  Grant's  Administration,  Dr. 
F.  G.  Klau.ser  took  the  same  position.  Andreas  Ste- 
phan was  Collector  of  Customs  in  1861-65.  Joseph 
E.  Marx  was  Customs  Inspector,  from  1868  to  1872  ; 
and  Henry  Roemer  was  appointed  to  the  place  on 


.HI- 


S7y»^t/.lHfhiiiy.s,  j^''. 


THE  GERMAN  ELEMENT. 


753 


the  latter's  death,  and  occupied  it  until  18S0.  Vin- 
cent J.  Emmick  was  for  several  years  a  Deputy  Col- 
lector of  Internal  Revenue  for  the  Tenth  Ohio  Dis- 
trict, serving  with  special  credit.  Henry  Yordtriede 
was  a  Clerk  in  the  same  office  for  some  years. 

In  the  Postoffice  some  Germans  were  employed 
under  nearly  every  Aduiini.stration.  George  Bren- 
ner was  for  many  years  Postal  Agent,  and  August 
Ehnes  a  Clerk.  In  ISSO,  Max  Witzman  was  Clerk,  and 
Max  Bruder,  Leader  ;  Ernst  Buettner  and  Ed.  Durian, 
Letter  Carriers.  At  the  present  time  (ISfSti)  F.  C. 
Barnes,  Ernst  Buettner,  Adolph  Memminger,  Val. 
Lohner,  G.  A.  Putz  act  in  this  capacity. 

It  may  serve  as  a  historical  item,  that  the  German 
Letter-list,  as  early  as  December  30,  1854,  contained 
134  names. 

TlieU.  S.  Censusof  1880,  givingToledo  a  total  popu- 
lation of  50.137  (of  whom  14,340  were  foreign  born), 
ascribes  to  the  German  Empire  the  nativity  of  0,800, 
or  nearly  8,000,  adding  those  born  in  Austria,  Switzer- 
land, and  such  other  adjacent  countries  as  are  usually 
counted  German. 

As  already  stated,  we  have  in  some  instances  in- 
cluded in  our  survey,  such  descendants  of  the  first 
generation  as  were  usually  regarded  as  Germans  ;  but 
the  absorption  of  all  adopted  citizens  after  the  first 
generation  goes  on  so  fast,  that  special  German 
efforts  can  only  be  sustained  by  new  and  repeated 
accessions.  The  spirit  of  these  has  changed  accord- 
ing to  the  occasions  prompting  the  emigration  ;  but 
it  will  always  be  found  devoted  sincerely  to  the  land 
of  its  choice. 

NECROLOGY. 

Since  the  foregoing  sketch  was  written  the  follow- 
ing, whose  names  ai-e  mentioned  in  the  same,  have 
died ; 

Rev.  Charles  Markscheffel,  December  21,  1886, 
aged  83  years. 

Dr.  Gustav  Fenneberg,  June  17, 1887,  aged  64  years. 

Colonel  Louis  Von  Blessingh,  July  15,  1887,  aged 
58  years. 

John  G.  Holzwarth,  Sept.  16,  1887,  aged  56  years. 


GUIDO  MARX  was  born  in  Carlsruhe,  Ger- 
many, June  28,  1827.  His  father  was  a  Book 
Dealer  in  moderate  circumstances.  From 
six  to  10  years  of  age,  the  son  attended  the 
Lyceum,  where  were  taught  the  common 
branches  of  education,  with  the  Latin,  he  re- 
ceiving therewith  some  instruction  in  Hebrew. 
He  had  early  access  to  his  father's  Circulating 
Library,  including  many  books  adapted  to  his 
needs,  which  opportunity  he  largely'  improved. 
The  following  two  years  he  visited  the  School 
in  Baden-Baden,  to  which  place  the  family  re- 
moved. At  14  he  was  apprenticed  to  tlie  Book 
trade  in  Brunswick,  North  Germany.  Here  he 
became  familiar  with  works  of  art,  and  continu- 
ed reading  standard  books,  under  advice  of  con- 
siderate friends,  in  connection  with  the  study 
of  natural  philosophy  and  the  English  lan- 
guage. As  apprentice,  he  had  (for  three  years) 
to  do  all  work  incident  to  such  business,  and 
became  acquainted  with  book-keeping  and  cor- 
respondence. When  17,  he  returned  to  his 
father's  store  in  Baden,  where  were  oil  paint- 
ings and  prints,  still  employing  his  leisure 
hours  in  the  studj'  of  the  languages,  and  began 
that  of  history  of  art.  At  19  (1846),  his  father 
sent   him   to   Paris,  where  he   found  employ- 


ment in  warerooms  of  exporters  of  City-mado 
goods — meantime  improving  opportunities  for 
visiting  galleries  and  the  study  of  art.  In 
1847,  he  returned  to  Baden,  with  a  consign- 
ment of  oil  paintings.  During  the  years 
1847-8,  as  a  member  of  different  Societies,  he 
became  involved  in  political  agitation  which 
specially  embraced  the  young  men  of  the  coun- 
try. The  result  of  this  relation  was  that  upon 
the  failui'e  of  the  agitation  for  Liberty,  it  was 
found  best  that  he  and  his  older  brother  (Emil) 
leave  Germany  for  the  United  States,  which 
they  did,  landing  in  New  York,  October  1, 
1849.  Continuing  their  trip  Westward,  they 
soon  found  themselves  among  German  friends 
in  Wood  County,  Ohio,  where,  with  two  others, 
they  purchased  of  the  State  40  acres  of"  Canal 
Lands,"  on  which  they  Iniilt  a  small  log-house, 
cut  prairie  grass  for  \Vinter  feed  for  a  cow  and 
a  j'oke  of  oxen,  and  began  the  work  of  clear- 
ing, grubbing  and  fencing,  preparatory  to  the 
next  year's  crops.  In  the  Spring  of  1851,  the 
Marx  brothers  sold  out  and  removed  to  Toledo 
for  emploj-ment  as  clerks.  There  Guido  began 
the  active  business  life,  which  has  been  a  suc- 
cessful one.  With  his  brother  he  was  in  the 
Grocery  trade  from  1851  to  1861.  Subse- 
quently, with  fiudolph  Brand,  he  engaged  in 
the  Liquor  trade,  the  firm  name  being  E. 
Brand  &  Co.  Upon  the  death  of  Mr.  Brand  in 
1865,  a  nephew,  Adolph  Brand,  succeeded  him 
in  the  firm,  whose  name  was  unchanged  and 
still  continues.  The  connection  of  Mr.  Marx 
with  the  German  Press  of  Toledo,  which  he 
largely  assisted  financially  and  as  Editor,  from 
1863,  has  already  been  given.  Besides  liabitual 
attention  to  business  and  the  cares  of  a  large  fam- 
ily, Mr.  Marx  has  found  time  to  serve  his  fellow- 
citizens  in  public  capacities  in  extent  far  above 
the  average  of  men.  In  1869-71,  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Toledo  City  Council,  representing  the 
Fourth  Ward.  He  was  elected  as  Eepresenta- 
tive  in  the  State  Legislature  in  1871,  and  re- 
elected in  1873.  In  1873  he  was  appointed  hj 
Governor  Noyes  as  Commissioner  to  represent 
Ohio  at  the  Vienna  (Austria)  Exposition  ;  and 
as  the  result  of  his  observations  there,  he  made 
report  on  the  necessity  for  the  introduction  in 
the  United  States  of  special  Trade  Schools, 
such  as  Toledo  now  has  in  the  Manual  Train- 
ing School.  In  1875,  before  the  expiration  of 
his  second  term  as  Representative,  he  was 
elected  Mayor  of  Toledo,  serving  for  two  years 
and  declining  a  re-election  in  1877.  In 
1876,  by  appointment  of  the  LTnited  States 
Centennial  Commissioners,  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Board  of  Judges  of  the  International 
Exposition,  held  at  Philadelphia,  and  was  spe- 
cially a.ssigned  to  Group  IV  (Malt  Liquors, 
Wine  and  Distilled  Spirits).  His  report  was 
the  first  one  published,  and  the  Commissioners 
directed  that  a  special  bronze  medal  bo  pre- 
sented to  him,  in  recognition  of  valuable  ser- 
vices rendered  the  administration  of  the  Expo- 


754 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LDCAS  COUNTY. 


sition.  By  appointment  of  the  Court  of  Com- 
mon Plea's,  in  1878,  he  was  made  one  of  the 
Trustees  of  the  Toledo  Sinking  Fund.  In 
1881,  the  Governor  appointed  him  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Police  Board  of  Toledo,  under  a 
special  act  of  the  Legislature,  which  position, 
on  account  of  ill  health,  he  resigned.  He  is 
now  serving  as  a  Trustee  of  the  Toledo  Uni- 
versity, in  "charge  of  the  Manual  Training 
School,  under  appointment  made  in  1884.  For 
a  time,  he  served  as  Examiner  of  Teachers  for 
the  Toledo  Schools.  Beside  these  public  posi- 
tions, Mr.  Marx  has  served  as  Director  in  the 
Merchants  National  Bank,  and  in  the  Toledo 
Savings  Bank  and  Trust  Company — resigning 
the  former  position  on  account  of  ill  health, 
and  now  acting  in  the  latter.  In  18(i7-68,  and 
again  in  1872-73,  he  visited  the  Fatheriand. 
He  made  a  trip  to  California  in  1884,  and  to 
Colorado,  in  1887.  After  the  construction  of 
the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Telegraph  Line,  and 
befoi-e  the  building  of  the  Pacific  Railway,  he 
advocated  through  the  Press  a  system  of 
Weather  reports,  substantially  as  since  insti- 
tuted, with  such  marked  benefits,  by  the  Gov- 
ernment. That  is  believed  to  have  been  the 
first  public    proposition    of   that   kind.     The 


record  thus  made  of  the  many  public  expres- 
sions of  confidence  in  both  the  ability  and  the 
integrity  of  Mr.  Marx,  bear  testimony  to  the 
exceptional  standing  he  has  gained  and  held 
with  his  fellow-citizens,  more  full  than  could 
added  words  in  this  connection.  Among  the 
German  immigrants  settling  in  Toledo  as  early 
as  1837,  was  Johann  Peter  Brehm,  who  came 
from  Flonheim,  near  Alzei,  Grand  Dukedom  of 
Hessia,  bringing  with  him  his  wife  (nee  Stump), 
and  a  daughter,  Elisabeth,  then  two  j-ears 
old,  who  in  1853,  was  married  with  Mr.  Marx, 
and  since  has  borne  to  him  13  children,  of 
whom  11  are  now  (1888)  living — Clara  (the 
eldest),  the  wife  of  August  Wolpert;  Henry,  a 
graduate  of  Cornell  University  as  Mechanical 
Engineer,  and  now  engaged  in  Machinery 
business  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  Anna,  at  home  ; 
Ella,  a  graduate  of  1887,  as  Physician  of  Michi- 
gan Universitj-,  at  Ann  Arbor;  Otto, to  gradu- 
ate as  Dentist,  at  the  same  institution,  with  the 
Cla.ss  of  1888  ;  Theodore,  a  student  in  Design- 
ing, at  Boston  and  Cincinnati ;  Dora,  of  the 
graduating  Classes  of  1888  in  the  Toledo  High 
and  Manual  Training  Schools;  and  Werna, 
Bertha,  Evwin  and  August,  j-et  in  the  Toledo 
Public  Schools. 


PART    XIII. 

TRADE   AND    MANUFACTURES. 


CHAPTER    I. 


TRADERS    AND    MERCHANTS. 


THE  earliest  persons  engaged  in  commerce  in 
this  part  of  the  Maumee  Valley  were  Indian 
traders.  Sucli  were  the  Ewings  at  the  Rapids  ; 
John  Hollister,  at  Perrysburg;  Robert  A.  For- 
syth, General  Hunt  and  others,  at  Maumee, 
from  181G  to  1833. 

The  first  goods  offered  for  sale  to  white  and 
red  men  alike,  in  wliat  is  now  Toledo,  were  by 
John  Baldwin  and  Cyrus  P^isher,  in  1823,  at 
the  old  log  Warehouse,  built  in  1817,  at  the 
mouth  of  Swan  Creek,  near  the  foot  of  Monroe 
Street  (South  side).  From  1828  to  1831,  John 
and  Marquis  Baldwin  carried  on  like  trade  at 
the  same  place. 

The  next  Store  opened  in  Toledo,  was  that  of 
Lewis  Godard,  under  charge  of  Sanford  L. 
Collins,  in  1831,  as  elsewhere  stated. 

The  first  building  erected  in  Toledo  for 
strictly  mercantile  purposes,  was  that  built  at 
the  corner  of  Summit  and  Lagrange  Streets,  in 
the  Summer  of  1832,  by  Sanford  L.  Collins,  for 
Lewis  Godard  and  Elkanah  Briggs  (firm  of 
Godard  &  Brings),  which  was  supplied  with  a 
stock  of  Goods  that  Fall,  and  conducted  by 
Messrs.  Collins  and  Briggs  until  1833,  when 
Mr.  Collins,  as  airent  for  Godard,  sold  the 
latter's  interest  to  Mr.  Briggs. 

The  third  Store  was  opened  in  1832,  by 
Ebenezer  Fisher,  on  the  old  Turnpike  (now 
Detroit  Avenue),  at  what  was  soon  atter  called 
Tremainesville.  Mr.  Fisher  built  a  sort  of 
block-hou.se  there,  in  which  he  kept  his  Store 
and  the  first  Port  Lawrence  Postoflice,  of 
which  he  was  Postmaster. 

The  fourth  store  was  opened  at  Tremaines- 
ville a  short  time  after  Mr.  Fisher's  in  the 
same  year,  by  Calvin  Tremaine  (after  whom 
the  Village  was  named),  who  succeeded  Mr. 
Fisher  in  the  Postoffice,  and  in  1834  sold  out  to 
Dr.  Sutphen. 

The  fifth  was  also  at  Tremainesville, built  by 
Sanford  L.  Collins,  in  connection  with  a  small 
dwelling,  which  he  occupied  for  his  residence, 
in  1833,  and  occupied  that  Fall  with  a  stock  of 
Goods,  which  he  brought  by  water  from  New 
York.  In  1834,  Mr.  Collins  took  in  as  partners, 
his  brothers,  John  W.  and  Morgan  L.  Collins, 
the  firm  being  S.  L.  Collins  &  Co.,  and  so  con- 
tinuing to  1837,  when  they  sold  out  to  Horace 
Thacher  and  M.  T.  Whitney.  Mr.  Collins 
succeeded  Mr.  Tremaine  in  the  PostoflSce, 
which,  in  1833,  had  been  changed  in  name  to 
Tremainesville,  upon  the  establishment  of 
Port  Lawrence  Postoffice  at  Port  Lawrence. 


W.  J.  Daniel  &  Co.  began  business  as  mer- 
chants in  1835,  in  a  store  adjoining  the  Toledo 
House,  on  Summit  Street. 

Daniels  &  Goettel  (Mun.son  H.  Daniels  and 
Henry  Goettel)  began  and  carried  on  a  large 
mercantile  business  on  the  corner  of  Perry  and 
Swan  Streets.  In  1H3G,  they  put  up  two  three- 
story  brick  stores  on  the  corner  of  Monroe  and 
Summit  Streets,  and  in  the  Fall  of  that  year, 
moved  into  the  corner  one.  These  stores  were 
burned  October  16,  18(;0. 

A.  Palmer  &  Co.  began  trade  about  the  same 
time  in  a  frame  store,  which  was  torn  down  in 
1859  to  make  room  for  the  block  belonging  to 
V.  H.  Ketcham. 

Samuel  B.  Scott  and  VVorden  N.  Richardson 
(firm  of  Scott  &  Richardson)  were  among  the 
merchants  in  1836;  their  store  was  on  Summit 
Street,  near  Walnut. 

In  1836,  Clark  &  Benijett  occupied  a  two- 
story  frame  store  on  the  Southeast  corner  of 
Summit  and  Lagrange  Streets.  This  old  store 
was  afterwards  occupied  by  Ketcham  &  Snell, 
and  afterwards  by  Elijah  .S)  Hanks,  until  it 
was  burned  in  1845. 

Pour  stores  were  built  on  the  corner  of  Sum- 
mit and  Monroe  Streets  in  1843.  In  the 
Spring  of  1844,  the  corner  store  was  opened  by 
A.  Ralston  &  Co.  (Alexander  Ralston  and  Solo- 
mon Linsle}-)  as  a  Drug  Store  ;  the  firm  after- 
wards became  Linsley  &  Co.,  which  was  suc- 
ceeded by  West  &  Truax  and  West  &  Van- 
stone.  Another  one  of  the  stores  was  leased 
by  Charles  O'Hara,  for  a  Wholesale  Grocery. 
Afterwards  it  was  taken  b}-  V.  H.  Ketcham  & 
Co.,  and  was  continued  for  some  years  by  their 
successors,  Secor,  Berdan  &  Oo. 

It  would  not  be  profitable  hero  to  occupy 
space  with  an  attempt  at  detailed  statement  of 
succeeding  dealers  in  merchandise.  For  such 
information,  it  will  be  sufficient  to  refer  the 
readers  to  the  record  found  on  pages  480  and 
487,  inclusive,  where  will  be  found  the  names 
of  large  numbers  of  individuals  and  firms  in 
trade  from  1835  to  1887. 

THE  GROCERY  TRADE. 

It  is  not  entirely  certain  who  in  Toledo  was 
the  first  dealer  in  Groceries ;  but  the  first 
record  of  the  kind  found,  is  the  advertisement 
in  the  Gazette  of  March  12,  1835,  of  A.  K.  Gib- 
son &  Co.,  Groceries  and  Provisions,  "  on  tiie 
Wharf,  next  door  to  A.  Palmer  &  Co."  (Sum- 
mit Street,  between  Monroe  and  Perry.)     Gro- 


[757] 


758 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ceries  were  then  usually  included  in  a  general 
stock  of  mercliandiso. 

In  1837,  appear,  in  the  same  line,  G.  B. 
Spicer,  Douglass  &  Jennings,  Wm.  Anderson, 
S.  B.  Worden,  Comstock  &  Erwin  and  George 
H.  Rich. 

In  the  year  1836,  yalentino  H.  Ketcham 
cumnienccd  business  in  this  City,  in  general 
merchandising,  and  continued  the  same,  part 
of  the  time  in  connection  with  a  brother  (S.  S. 
Ketciiam,  now  of  Washington  Township),  until 
1840,  when  he  was  joined  by  Joseph  K.  Seeor, 
as  a  Clerk,  but  who  ere  long  became  a  partner, 
the  tirm  name  being  Ketcham  &  Secor.  Tlieir 
business  was  general,  including  most  classes  of 
goods,  and  adapted  to  jobbing  in  a  moderate 
way.  They  also  dealt  to  some  extent  in  pro- 
duce. In  1854,  Mr.  Ketcham  retired  from  the 
business,  and  was  succeeded  bj^  Peter  F.  Ber- 
dan,  when  the  new  firm  of  Secor,  Berdan  &  Co. 
was  formed,  with  George  Secor,  a  former  em- 
ploye of  the  house,  as  a  partner.  During  the 
year  185G,  the  latter  gentleman  withdrew,  and 
the  business  was  continued  underthe  same  firm 
name.  January  1,  1858,  James  Secor,  Maro 
Wheeler  and  John  B.  Ketcham,  former  Sales- 
men of  the  house,  were  admitted  as  partners. 
In  the  Winter  of  1860-61,  it  was  determined  to 
confine  the  trade  to  Groceries,  exclusively. 
This  change  proved  to  be  very  satisfactory  in 
results,  the  business  increasing  very  rapidly, 
and  soon  attaining  to  $500,000  per  year,  against 
one-half  that  amount  previously.  January-  1, 
1864,  John  B.  Ketcham  retired  from  the  firm  ; 
and  one  year  from  that  date,  J.  K.  Secor,  after 
an  active  connection  of  25  years  with  the  house, 
also  withdrew.  During  this  year  (1865)  John 
Berdan,  for  several  j-ears  the  Cashier  of  the 
Banking-house  of  Ketcham,  Berdan  &  Co.  and 
of  the  First  National  Bank  of  Toledo,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  firm.  For  12  j'ears  thereafter, 
no  change  occurred  in  the  proprietorship,  the 
business,  meantime,  steadily  increasing  in  vol- 
ume and  profit.  On  the  1st  of  Januarj^,  1877, 
Peter  P.  Berdan,  iiavingthen  been  23  years  an 
active  partner,  retired,  and  Norman  Waite,for 
several  years  a  Salesman  of  the  house,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  firm.  Maro  Wheeler,  after  some 
25  years'  active  connection,  withdrew  January 
1,  1880,  when  Arthur  F.  Secor,  son  of  J.  K. 
Secor,  became  a  partner.  At  this  time  (1887) 
the  firm  is  composed  of  the  following  persons, 
viz.:  James  Secor,  John  Berdan,  Norman  Waite 
and  Arthur  F.  Secor.  Mr.  Ketcham  commenced 
business  in  1836,  on  St.  Clair  Street, Northwest 
corner  of  Alley,  opposite  head  of  Perry  Street, 
where  he  remained  for  one  year,  when  he  re- 
moved to  No.  32  Summit  Street,  between  Perry 
andMonroe.  Tlio  next3-ear(1838)  he  wenttothe 
corner  of  Summit  and  Lagrange  Streets,  suc- 
ceeding Dr.  Jacob  Clark  a^id  Philo  Bennett  in 
trade.  In  1841,  the  establishment  returned  to 
No.  32  Summit  Street ;  whence  it  went  to 
Morris   Block,  corner  Summit  and   Jefferson. 


Here  it  remained  until  it  occupied  the  large 
store  built  by  J.  K.  Secor,  116-118  Summit 
Street,  in  1861.  Continuing  at  that  place  for 
23  years,  the  establishment  in  1884  was  re- 
moved to  its  present  cajmcious  and  convenient 
quarters  in  the  Hall  Block,  Northeast  corner 
of  St.  Clair  and  Jefferson  Streets.  Thus,  for 
over  50  years,  has  this  house  and  its  predeces- 
sors maintained  a  continuous  business,  with 
increasing  success,  until  it  has  come  to  be  one 
of  the  largest  and  most  successful  establish- 
ments of  its  kind  in  the  West. 

December  3,  1847,  first  appeared  the  an- 
nouncement of  the  new  firm  of  Bell  &  Deveau, 
as  dealers  in  Dry  Goods  and  Groceries,  which 
were  sold  '•  exclusively  at  wholesale,"  the  firm 
consisted  of  Robert  H.  Bell  and  James  Deveau. 
The  trade  of  the  house  was  so  flattering,  that 
during  the  first  year  it  reached  $55,000, — an 
amount  then  regarded  as  immense.  This  firm 
continued  until  1853,  when  W.  S.  B.  Hubbell 
became  a  member,  and  the  name  was  changed  to 
Bell, Deveau  &  Co.  Three  years  later  Wm.  Bolles 
became  a  partner, and  the  firm  name  was  Bolles, 
Bell  &  Hubbell.  In  1858  the  business  of  the 
house  was  divided —Bell,  Holcomb  &  Co.  tak- 
ing the  Groceries,  and  Messrs.  Bolles  and  Hub- 
bell (Wm.  Bolles  &  Co.)  the  Dry  Goods.  In 
1864,  George  Emerson  purchased  the  interest 
of  Horace  Holcomb  in  the  Grocery  House, 
when  the  name  of  the  firm  became  Bell,  Emer- 
son &  Co.  Mr.  Bell  retired  in  1871,  since 
which  time  the  firm  name  has  been  Emerson 
&  Co.,  Mr.  Emerson's  partners  now  (1887)  being 
Pliny  Watson  and  Zebulon  C.  Pheatt.  The 
trade  of  the  house  has  steadily  increased  in 
volume,  until  it  has  reached  the  annual  aggre- 
gate of  31,500,000,  with  every  prospect  of 
future  advance.  It  is  recognized  as  not  only 
one  of  the  most  honorable  and  substantial 
houses  of  Toledo,  but  of  the  West,  its  trade 
extending  over  several  States. 

Of  the  partners  above  mentioned,  Messrs. 
Deveau  and  Hubbell  have  died.  Mr.  Bolles 
resides  at  Hartford,  Conn.;  and  the  others  are 
in  Toledo.* 


PETER  FREDERICK  BERDAN  was  born  in 
Brunswick,  Medina  County,  Ohio,  October  23, 
1824.  He  was  a  son  of  John  and  Pamela 
(Freese)  Berdan.  The  father  was  born  in  New 
York  City,  December  16,  1798.  Tlie  mother 
was  born  in  Lee,  Massachusetts,  February  4, 
1802.  The  father  was  a  merchant  and  Justice 
of  the  Peace  at  Brunswick,  and  otherwise 
prominent  in  business,  as  in  social  and  religious 
circles.  The  country  thereabouts  was  then 
pi'ettj^much  a  wilderness,  and  the  Village  little 
more  than  a  Hamlet.  Hence,  the  traffic  of  the 
Store  made    very  moderate  return  in  profits. 

*  After  the  foregoing  was  written  Mr.  Emerson  also 
died. 


TRADERS  AND  MERCHANTS. 


759 


In  September,  1835,  the  family  removed  to 
Toledo,  arriving  there  amid  the  most  intense 
of  the  excitement  connected  with  the  bourular}- 
dispute  or  the  "Toledo  War."  Mr.  Berdan 
soon  engaged  in  the  Forwarding  and  Com- 
mission business,  with  B.  H.  Peckham  (the 
firm  name  being  Peckham  k  Co.),  whose  ware- 
house was  at  the  foot  of  Lagrange  Street. 
This  firm  did  most  of  the  business  of  the  kind 
in  Toledo,  the  Steamboats  generally  stopping 
at  their  dock.  As  elsewhere  stated,  upon  the 
organization  of  a  City  Government  tor  Toledo, 
in  1837,  Mr.  Berdan  was  chosen  as  its  fii'st 
Mayor,  serving  as  such  for  a  term  of  tv^  o  years. 
In  1839,  he  was  elected  by  the  State  Legisla- 
ture as  Associate  Judge  for  Lucas  County, 
which  position  he  filled  with  sj)eeial  credit  until 
his  death,  October  11,  1841.  No  name  is  borne 
in  the  memory  of  the  early  settlers  of  Toledo 
with  more  respect,  than  is  that  of  John  Berdan, 
who  throughout  his  residence  thei'e,  as  through- 
out his  life,  manifested  conscientious  regard  for 
the  rights  of  his  fellowmen,  while,  in  all  ways 
open  to  him,  contributing  to  their  well-being. 
Peter's  educational  privileges,  aside  from  the 
careful  attention  of  his  parents,  were  meagre. 
At  Brunswick  he  attended  for  a  short  time  a 
School  taught  by  a  female  teacher,  who  accom- 
panied the  family  to  Toledo.  He  bad  no  male 
School  teacher  save  while  for  one  year  at  Gam- 
bier  Seminary,  which  term  closed  when  he  was 
12  years  of  age.  He  entered  upon  his  business 
life  when  13  3ears  old,  as  clerk  in  the  Store  of 
Titus  k  Co.,  Toledo,  at  a  salary  of  S75  per  year 
(without  board).  At  that  time  1500  was  the 
highest  salary  paid  to  any  clerk.  He  remained 
with  Titus  &  Co.,  and  with  Gid.  W.  Weed, 
successor  to  that  firm,  until  1845,  when  he 
engaged  in  tlie  same  capacity  with  the  firm  of 
Ketcham  &  Secor  (V.  H.  Ketcham  and  Josejih 
K.  Secor),  remaining  there  for  three  years.  In 
1848  Mr.  Berdan  and  Salmon  H.  Keeler  or- 
ganized the  firm  of  Berdan  &  Keeler,  dealers  in 
general  merchandise,  the  partners  contributing, 
respectively,  to  the  capital  stock  of  the  firm, 
the  sums  of  $15t!  and  ^132,  their  savings  from 
clerkships.  They  were  associated  in  successful 
trade  fbi"  six  years,  and  until  the  firm  of 
Secor,  Berdan  &  Co.  was  organized  in  1854, 
with  which  Mr.  Berdan  was  connected  until 
his  retirement  from  active  business,  in  January, 
1877.  Such  change  was  largely  the  result  of 
impaired  health,  caused  in  great  measure  by 
long  j-ears  of  incessant  business  cares,  rarely 
interrupted  by  any  cause.  Few  men  in  Toledo 
or  elsewhere  have  passed  an  equal  period  of 
time  in  like  unremitting  devotion  to  the 
demands  of  trade — made  the  more  imperative 
by  the  steady'  increase  and  extension  of  its 
volume.  Mr.  Berdan's  withdrawal  from  rou- 
tine cares  of  trade,  did  not  take  him  from  the 
circles  of  business.  While  judiciously  con- 
sulting health  in  comj)arative  relaxation,  he 
was  not  without  interests  furnishing  exercise 


for  his  mind.  He  was  for  many  years  a  stock- 
holder and  long  a  Director  in  the  Second 
National  Bank ;  was  a  stockholder  and  for 
seven  or  eight  years  a  Director  in  the  Toledo 
Gas  Light  and  Coke  Compan}-;  was  a  heavy 
stockholder  and  foi-  an  er|ual  period  a  Director 
in  the  Wabash  Elevator  Company;  and  was 
among  those  who  organized  and  ])ut  in  ope- 
ration the  Maumce  Rolling  Mill,  in  which 
Company  ho  was  from  the  first  and  until  his 
death  a  Director.  In  these  various  channels, 
both  his  capital  and  his  superior  business 
caf)acit3'  wore  made  effective  to  the  common 
prosperity.  In  no  sphere  of  action  did  Mr. 
Berdan  more  full^'  manifest  his  ajjpreciation 
of  the  claims  of  his  fellow-citizens  upon  bis 
attention  and  aid,  than  in  his  long  and 
prominent  connection  with  the  Fire  Depart- 
ment of  Toledo.  Entering  guch  volunteer 
service  of  the  City  as  soon  as  old  enough  to 
warrant  that  relation,  he  maintained  the  same, 
with  special  success,  won  by  personal  sacrifice 
known  to  few  of  the  present  generation  in 
Toledo.  "Old  No.  One  Engine  Company,"  of 
which  for  years  he  was  Foreman,  was  largely 
indebted  to  his  untiring  devotion,  for  the  high 
position  to  which  it  attained,  and  which  it  held 
so  long  as  the  system  of  which  it  was  a  promi- 
nent part  was  in  existence.  Mr.  Berdan  was 
actively  identified  with  the  prosperity  of  First 
Congregational  Church,  Toledo,  with  which  his 
father  and  family  and  his  own  family  were  con- 
nected throughout  a  period  of  over  50  years. 
He  was  long  connected  vvith  the  Middle  Bass 
(Put-in  Bay)  Association,  at  which  ]dace  with 
his  family  for  man}-  seasons  previous  to  his 
death,  he  spent  much  of  his  time,  and  was  greatly 
benefited  thereby.  He  was  eminentlj^  a  man 
of  domestic  attachments,  whose  chief  happiness 
always  was  found  within  the  charmed  circle  of 
his  home.  Mr.  Berdan  was  married  October 
21,  1852,  with  Maria  Waite,  only  daughter  of 
Judge  H.  M.  Waite,  of  Connecticut,  and  sister 
of  Chief  Justice  M.  R.  Waite  and  Richard 
Waite,  of  Toledo.  She  died  in  Toledo,  Septem- 
ber 3,  1804,  aged  33  years.  She  left  five 
daughters — Mary  B.,  wife  of  Walter  Shepard, 
of  Buffalo,  New  York;  Ida  M.,  wife  of  E.  C. 
Bodman,  now  of  New  York  City  ;  Alice  A,  (de- 
ceased), wife  of  Arthur  E.  Baker,  of  Toledo; 
Julia,  wife  of  Oliver  Rodgers,  of  Toledo;  and 
Pamela,  of  Toledo.  Mr.  Berdan  was  married 
in  New  York  June  21,  186(3,  with  Mary  Eliza- 
beth Ketcham,  who  with  three  children — Anna 
Secor,  Frederick  and  John  Milton — survives 
him.  Mr.  Berdan  had  one  brother — John  Ber- 
dan, so  long  associated  with  him  in  trade,  and 
yet  in  the  same  business;  and  two  sisters — 
Rachel  A.,  widow  of  the  late  V.H.  Ketcham  ;  and 
Mary  M.  (deceased),  wife  of  Dr.  E.  M.  Bucking- 
ham,of  Springfield, Ohio.  Not  leastof  the  many 
conditions  contributing  to  the  hapjiv  domestic 
circle  of  Mr.  Berdan,  has  been  the  part  borne 
therein  by  his  venerable  mother,  throughout  a 


760 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


widowhood  now  near  a  half-century  in  duration. 
Rare!}-,  indeed,  has  a  family  been  blessed  with 
such  "presence  and  support;  and  even  more 
rarely,  has  such  blessing  been  attended  by  like 
precious  results. 

JOHN    "WILLIAM     MAY      was     born    at 

Hartford,  Connecticut,  August  HO,  1808.  His 
parents,  Ralph  and  Mary  (Hall)  May,  were 
representatives  of  two  families  conspicuous  in 
the  annals  of  literature,  commerce  and  public 
life.  Jolm  May,  a  lineal  ancestor  of  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch,  came  from  England  in 
1740,  with  his  two  sons,  John  and  Samuel,  and 
settled  in  Roxburj',  Massachusetts,  where 
many  of  his  descendants  yet  reside.  Mr. 
May's  father  was  born  at  Wethersfield,  Con- 
necticut, in  1780,  and  died  at  New  York, 
in  1819,  while  on  his  way  to  Boston  from 
Savannah,  where  he  had  become  a  success- 
ful Cotton  Broker,  even  at  that  early  period, 
being  interested  with  his  wife's  brothers,  so 
long  known  in  commercial  circles,  in  large 
Cotton  operations,  with  headquarters  at  Bos- 
ton and  Savannah.  Soon  after  the  death  of 
Mr.  May,  Ins  entire  property  at  Savannah  was 
destroyed  by  fire,  witliout  benefit  of  insurance, 
leaving  his  wife  and  six  children  (then  at 
Hartford,  Connecticut),  without  means  for 
support.  Prom  the  mother's  side  Mr. 
May  largely  received  his  taste  for  literarj' 
work,  which  ever  was  with  him  a  marked 
characteristic,  as  it  was  with  his  ancestors, 
many  of  whom  gained  wide  reputations  as 
authors  of  historical  and  scientific  works. 
Until  his  15th  year,  Mr.  May  resided  at  Hart- 
ford, attending  the  superior  Schools  of  that 
Citj',  whereby  he  acquired  not  only  the  best 
rudimentary  education,  but  became  versed  in 
different  languages,  which  acquirements  in 
after  years  were  made  proficient  by  travel  and 
study.  The  eldest  child  of  a  family  deprived 
of  a  father's  care,  at  the  age  named  he  began 
his  commercial  career  by  entering  the  office  of 
the  Cotton  Broker  house  of  his  uncle,  Henry 
Hall,  in  Boston,  remaining  there  three  years. 
He  then  went  to  Savannah,  and  there  entered 
the  branch  office  at  that  place.  His  health 
soon  failing,  he  was  compelled  to  seek  outdoor 
employment,  when  he  shipped  on  a  Whaling 
Vessel  for  a  cruise  to  the  North  Seas,  which 
occupied  over  three  years.  On  his  return  he 
came  West,  stopping  at  Detroit  until  1834, 
when  he  came  to  the  young  and  struggling 
City  of  Toledo,  stoppiiig  at  a  hotel  near  the 
present  site  of  the  American  Hotel  (St.  Clair 
Street,  head  of  Perry).  The  prospect  to  him 
was  not  specially  inviting,  and  he  soon  decided 
to  locate  on  a  (arm,  now  near  the  Citv  of  Mon- 
roe, Michigan.  In  the  following  Fall' he  taught 
School  in  Monroe,  and  in  the  Spring  began  the 
cultivation  of  his  farm.  For  some  ten  years  he 
pursued  such  work,  meantime,  in  the  different 
ways  open  to  a  man  of  his  temperament   and 


acquirements,  made  himself  useful  to  his 
neighbors.  Having  early  in  life  become  im- 
pressed by  the  terrible  effects  of  intemperate 
use  of  alcoholic  drinks,  he  made  it  a  special 
object,  by  both  example  and  precept,  to  warn 
his  fellow-citizens  against  that  curse,  in  which 
work  his  special  gift  of  ready  expression  was 
highly  effective.  In  1844,  Mr.  May  opened  a 
Commission  House  in  Monroe  in  connection 
with  Carlos  Colton  (afterwards  of  Toledo), 
and  Mr.  Bronson,  of  Buffalo.  In  1845  he  opened 
a  like  house  at  Hillsdale,  Micldgan,  where 
he  soon  gained  a  prominent  position.  He  was 
for  a  time  the  Postmaster  at  that  place,  resign- 
ing the  office  in  1853,  when  he  removed  to 
Toledo,  where,  with  I.  N.  Hathaway,  ^^  as 
established  the  Commission  House  of  May  & 
Hathaway,  at  the  corner  of  Moni-oe  and  Water 
Streets.  Soon  thereafter,  with  Alonzo  H. 
Hathaway,  he  opened  the  first  exclusively 
Wholesale  Grocery  House  in  Toledo,  in  the 
Morris  Block,  >^outheast  corner  of  Summit  and 
Jefferson  Streets.  With  that  establishment 
Mr.  May  was  actively  identified  until  his  with- 
drawal from  business  in  1870.  For  some  3'ears 
he  devoted  considerable  attention  to  Stock 
Brokerage  in  New  York,  where  he  spent  con- 
siderable of  his  time.  In  1871  he  made  an 
extended  tour  through  (rreat  Britain  and  Con- 
tinental Europe,  and  revisited  the  same  in 
1873,  «  hereby  he  added  much  of  information, 
while  greatly  enjoying  his  travels.  Politically, 
Mr.  May  was  originally  a  Whig,  subsequently 
acting  with  the  Republican  party  when  the 
same  was  organized,  to  the  principles  of  which 
ho  was  strongly  attached.  During  the  War  of 
the  Rebellion,  he  was  a  steadfast  supporter  of 
the  Government  in  its  defense  of  the  Union. 
He  had  neither  ambition  nor  taste  for  public 
or  official  prominence,  but  was  content  faithfully 
to  meet  the  obligations  of  a  private  citizen. 
For  a  long  time  he  suffered  severely  from  a 
disorder  of  the  heart,  causing  much  pain  and 
inconvenience,  all  of  which  he  met  with 
patience.  He  died  August  29,  1877,  which 
event  was  an  occasion  of  general  sorrow  in  the 
community,  and  especially  on  the  part  of  those 
who  best  knew  him.  A  jjeculiar  trait,  and  one 
which  greatly  promoted  his  success  in  life,  was 
his  indomitable  firmness.  This  quality  was 
shown  while  he  was  Postmaster  in  Hillsdale. 
It  seems  that  his  endorsement  was  demanded 
by  the  party  in  power  for  a  particular  measure 
connected  with  the  Slavery  agitation,  when  he 
promptly  wrote  acro.ss  the  back  of  the  paper, 
indistinct  letters,  the  word  "Never."  Con- 
trary to  his  expectation,  and  to  the  assurance  of 
bis  neighbors,  he  never  again  heard  of  the 
matter.  An  important  element  in  Mr.  May's 
business  career  consisted  in  bis  rule  of  living 
within  his  means.  Soeiall}',  Mr.  Maj^'s  chief 
delight  was  with  the  little  coterie  of  true 
friends,  where  he  was  much  admired. 
His  humor    was    ever    fileasant   and    happy. 


/: 


^i-<^c   C  /7U74i^ 


TRADERS  AND   MERCHANTS. 


701 


Naturally  a  student,  he  was  ever  ready 
with  his  store  of  inforniatioii  for  the  enter- 
tainment and  profit  of  listeners;  while 
his  private  virtues  gave  special  value  to 
his  mental  attainments.  Without  ostentatious 
displaj',  his  active  sympathy  for  the  needy  was 
well  known  among  his  acquaintances.  He 
was  an  attendant  at  the  First  (Jongregational 
Church,  Toledo,  of  which  his  family  were 
members.  It  was  within  the  sacred  precincts 
of  the  domestic  circle,  that  his  true  character 
was  more  fully  revealed  and  most  highly  ap- 
preciated. It  was  there  that  his  kindness  of 
heart  was  most  clearlj-  seen  and  loved.  Mr. 
May  was  married  in  1S35  with  Lucretia  Corn- 
stock,  who  was  born  in  the  State  of  New  York, 
May  6,  1816.  Five  children — two  sons  and 
three  daughters — were  born  to  them.  The 
sons  died  while  young  George  Heiny  (aged 
13)  being  drowned  at  Hillsdale.  The  daugh- 
ters are,  Mary  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Henry 
A.  Stevens,  of  Cleveland  ;  Harriet  Georgiana, 
widow  of  the  late  Anthony  W.  Barlow,  Toledo; 
and  Gertrude,  wife  of  William  P.  Heston,  of 
Toledo. 

GEORGE  EMERSON  was  born  in  Plymouth, 
Eichland  County,  Ohio,  February  9th,  1820, 
and  died  at  Toledo,  July  28,  1887.  He  was  a 
son  of  Avery  Emerson,  a  native  of  Keene,  New 
Hampshire,  whose  father,  John  Emerson, serv- 
ed in  the  Army  of  the  Colonies  throughout  the 
Eevolutionary  War.  George's  parents  were 
married  in  Auburn,  New  York,  the  mother's 
maiden  name  being  Sophronia  Allen.  They 
came  West  in  1819,  locating  in  Plj-niouth  on  a 
tract  of  wild  land,  to  the  improvement  of  which 
Mr.  Emerson's  efforts  were  at  once  directed, 
with  such  success  that  ere  long  it  was  brought 
under  good  cultivation,  and  was  productive  of 
the  crops  common  in  the  West.  The  experi- 
ences of  Mr.  Emerson  and  family  were  not 
different  essentially  from  those  of  the  great 
body  of  Western  pioneers.  luces.sant  toil, 
limited  resources, scant}"  facilities, sickness  and 
lack  of  educational,  religious  and  social  ad- 
vantages, made  up  the  sum  of  life  with  them, 
through  all  which  they  made  the  heroic  strug- 
gle which  alone  can  win  success  in  such  a 
battle.  Nine  children  were  born  to  the  par- 
ents— five  sons  and  four  daughters,  of  whom 
George  was  the  eldest.  Such  relation  devolved 
upon  him  ata  very  early  period  responsibilities 
and  labors  which  taxed  his  activity.  In  1837, 
finding  his  farm  too  small  for  the  prospective 
needs  of  his  family,  Mr.  Emerson  removed  to 
Steuben  County,  Indiana,  where  he  purchased 
UOO  aci-es  of  Government  land.  They  were  the 
very  earliest  family  in  the  Township  in  which 
thej'  settled.  Here  they  were  called  to  trials 
even  moi-e  severe  than  those  met  in  Ohio  ;  but 
the  indomitable  will  and  energj'  of  the  parents 
and  older  children  soon  made  their  mark  upon 
the  wilderness,  and  in  due  time  they  rejoiced 


in  the  possession  of  one  of  the  best  farms  in 
that  section.  The  nearest  Grist  and  Saw  Mills 
were  in  Lagrange  County,  15  miles  distant, 
and  were  reached  only  through  the  forests,  by 
very  imperfect  roads.  George  attended  the 
District  School  for  a  few  winters  while  in 
Plymouth,  such  advantages  being  shortened  by 
the  burning  of  the  only  School  House  within 
reach.  After  arriving  in  Steuben  he  attended 
a  School  for  one  term.  He  remained  at  home, 
as.sisting  his  father  until  ho  was  21  years  old. 
When  22  years  of  age,  ho  had  been  able  to  pick 
up  enough  of  education  to  qualify  him  to  teach 
School.  Having  an  ambition  for  trade,  he  en- 
gaged with  a  merchant  in  Fremont,  Steuben 
County, remaining  there  about  one  year,  when 
he  returned  to  the  farm,  and  soon  commenced 
business  on  his  own  account, by  purchasing  his 
father's  crop  of  wheat,  which  ho  took  to  Fort 
Waj-ne,  the  transactioti  netting  a  small  balance. 
When  26  years  of  age,  he  found  himself  with  a 
cash  capital  of  $500,  most  of  which  had  been 
saved  from  wages  at  812.00  per  month,  or  about 
$100  per  year  out  of  $144.  He  was  chosen 
County  Assessor,  for  which  service  he  received 
$2.00  per  day.  In  partnership  with  John 
Thompson,  a  wealthy  man,  who  desired  a 
store  at  Thompson's  Mills  (now  Flint),  he 
commenced  merchandising  at  that  place.  In 
1846  he  went  to  New  York  for  his  first  stock  of 
goods,  which  included  the  usual  range  of 
country  stores,  and  amounted  to  $2,800.  His 
route  East  was  via  Hillsdale,  Monroe  and  Tole- 
do ;  thence  by  Steamer  to  Buffalo;  by  Canal 
and  Railway  to  Albany ;  and  by  River  to  New 
York.  He  was  gone  four  weeks.  He  was 
two  weeks  in  making  his  selection.  His 
purchases  were  on  six  months'  time,  with  the 
privilege  of  a  year.  The  times  seemed  to  be 
favorable  for  his  enterprise.  Besides  a  success- 
ful store  trade,  he  purchased  considerable  wheat 
at  50  cents  and  .sold  it  for  $1.00  ;  and  at  the  end 
of  his  first  year, he  had  inade$l,()00,  on  his  cap- 
ital of  $500.  In  1849  he  removed  to  Orland, 
same  County,  where  he  continued  trade,  as 
senior  partner  of  the  firm  of  Emerson  &  Jack- 
son. Mr.  C.  L.  Luce,  late  of  Toledo,  deceased, 
was  then  in  trade  at  that  place.  In  1852  Mr. 
Emerson  was  elected  Treasurer  of  Steuben 
County,  notwithstanding  the  party  of  which 
he  was  the  nominee  was  in  a  minority  in  the 
County.  Such  result  was  due  to  the  effective 
support  given  him  by  Mr.  Luce,  who,  a  few 
days  before  the  election,  had  started  East  with 
a  drove  of  cattle  ;  but  on  reaching  Maumee, 
Lucas  County,  Ohio,  he  became  so  apprehen- 
sive of  Mr.  Emerson's  defeat,  that  he  left  his 
drove,  made  haste  home,  arriving  just  in  time 
for  effective  work  for  his  friend  at  the  polls. 
In  1854  Mr.  Emerson  was  re-elected  Treasurer, 
meantime  having  removed  to  Angola,  the 
County-Seat.  In  1856  he  purchased  a  Dry 
Goods  Store  at  Angola,  in  which  he  was  suc- 
cessful.    He  remained  there  until    1864      He 


762 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


was  a  delegate  to  the  Republican  National  Con- 
vention that  nominated  Lincoln  in  1860.  Com- 
ing to  Toledo  in  1864,  as  already  stated,  he 
purchased  an  interest  in  the  Wholesale  Grocery 
House  of  Bell,  Holcomb  &  Co.  After  coming 
to  Toledo  Mr.  Emerson  repeatedly  declined 
propositions  for  his  nomination  for  public 
offices,  including  those  of  Member  of  Congress 
and  Mayor  of  Toledo.  The  only  public  position 
he  accepted  was  that  of  Sinking  Fund  Commis- 
sioner of  Toledo,  an  office  without  emolument. 
He  was  for  several  years  a  Director  in  the  First 
National  Bank  of  Toledo.  Of  a  retiring  dispo- 
sition, averse  to  personal  prominence,  and  de- 
voted to  the  important  interests  of  thehouscof 
which  he  was  the  head,  Mr.  Emerson  had  the 
reputation  of  a  sound,  conservative  business 
man,  and  a  citizen  of  substantial  worth  in  all 
respects,  his  influence,  as  were  his  sympathies, 
being  always  on  the  side  of  sound  morals,  good 
order  and  the  well-being  of  his  fellowmen.  His 
record  is  specially  valuable  in  showing  what 
constitutes  the  true  basis  of  an  honorable  and 
successful  business  life.  Theyoungman,  who, 
on  a  yearly  income  of  $144,  is  able  to  lay  by 
$100,  as  capital  for  future  investment,  not  only 
cultivates  the  practice  of  economy,  but  at  the 
same  time  trains  his  desires  to  the  limits  of 
moderate  means  and  healthful  habits  of  living. 
It  may  truly  be  said,  tliat  no  similar  event  in 
Toledo  has  been  attended  with  more  expres- 
sion of  sincere  regret  and  respect,  than  was  the 
death  of  Mr.  Emerson  ;  and  it  was  notable  that 
such  manifestation  was  freest  and  strongest 
from  those  who  knew  him  best.  A  spontaneous 
meeting  of  members  of  the  Wholesale  Grocerj' 
trade  was  held  at  the  office  of  Secor,  Berdan 
&  Co.  but  a  few  hours  after  his  death, at  which 
were  adopted  a  preamble  and  resolutions  bear- 
ing highest  testimony  to  his  business  and 
private  worth,  setting  forth  that  "  his  charac- 
ter for  strict  business  integrity,  honesty  of 
purpose,  and  courteous  deportment,  was  such 
as  to  endear  him  to  every  one  who  became  in- 
timately acquainted  with  him."  As  a  testi- 
monial of  their  esteem  for  the  deceased,  the 
members  of  the  meeting  resolved  to  close  their 
respective  places  of  business  at  the  time  of  the 
funeral,  and  in  a  body  attend  the  same.  In 
accordance  with  such  purpose  every  Wholesale 
House  in  the  City  was  closed  during  the  burial 
services,  which  took  place  at  the  residence  of 
the  family  (corner  of  Madison  and  Eighteenth 
Streets),  whence  the  remains  were  attended  by 
a  large  concourse  of  citizens  to  "Woodlawn 
Cemetery,  the  pall  bearers  being  employes 
longest  with  the  firm  of  which  deceased  was  the 
head.  The  Toledo  Blade  (July  30th),  referring 
to  the  death  of  Mr.  Emerson,  said:  "He  was 
an  unostentatious  man  ;  but  his  heart  was  large 
and  his  impulses  always  in  the  right  direction. 
Not  in  the  history  of  Toledo  has  there  been  such 
an  outpouring  of  sympathy  on  the  part  of  the 
business  men,  as  in  the  case  of  George  Emerson. 


It  was  seemingly  a  slight  tribute,  but  it  meant 
more  than  words  could  tell."  Mr.  Emerson 
was  married  with  Miss  Nancy  M.  Kellogg,  of 
Mottvilie,  Michigan,  in  1852.  They  had  three 
cliildreu,  of  whom  one,  Mrs.  Florence  I.,  wife 
of  Lawrence  Newman,  of  Toledo,  is  now  living. 

RUDOLPH  A.  BARTLEY  was  born  in 
Wuertemberg,  Town  of  Eafenepurg,  Germany, 
May  9,  1851,  and  is  a  son  of  Gebbard  and 
Josephine  (Genter)  Bartiey.  He  came  witli 
his  ]iarents  to  America  in  1854.  His  father  is 
a  Miller  by  trade,  and  previous  to  his  coming 
to  America  was  engaged  in  milling.  His  par- 
ents first  settled  in  Perrysburg,  Ohio,  but  soon 
removed  to  Lucas  County,  where  many  years 
his  father  was  engaged  in  farming,  but  of  late 
years  has  lived  a  retired  life  in  Toledo.  Mr. 
Bartle3''8  boyhood  was  spent  on  a  farm,  where 
he  became  acquainted  with  the  usual  toil  of  a 
Farmer's  son.  His  education  was  limited  to 
the  advantages  afforded  by  the  District  School 
of  the  neighborhood,  which  he  attended  until 
his  17th  year.  At  that  time  the  natural  in- 
clinations of  his  mind  led  him  to  abandon 
the  farm  for  the  wider  field  of  commercial 
pursuits.  He  commenced  his  business  career 
as  Clerk  for  the  Grocery  firm  of  H.  &  F.Barnes, 
of  Toledo,  where  he  remained  for  two  years ; 
after  which  he  served  for  over  three  years  in  a 
similar  capacity  with  J.  A.  Speyer.  In  1871, 
Mr.  Bartiey,  in  connection  with  EnosCousino, 
under  the  firm  name  of  Coiisino  &  Bartiey, 
commenced  the  Grocery  business  at  307  Sum- 
mit Street.  The  undertaking,  backetl  by  ex- 
perience, energj'  and  enterprise,  was  a  suc- 
cess. In  1881,  after  10  years  of  well-directed 
labor,  Mr.  Bartiey  purchased  his  partner's  in- 
terest in  the  business  and  became  sole  proprie- 
tor. During  that  year,  he  further  extended 
his  business  by  purchasing  the  Grocery  stock 
and  leasing  the  adjoining  double  store  of  J.  C. 
Wuerfel.  From  this  date  until  June,  1885,  he 
occupied  Nos.  303,305  and  307  Summit  Street, 
and  carried  on  both  Wholesale  and  Retail 
Grocery  trade.  At  the  latter  date  he  removed 
to  his  present  more  ample  quarters,  atNos.  272 
and  274  Summit  Street,  where  he  has  since 
been  engaged  in  the  Wholesale  Grocery  trade 
exclusively,  which  has  already  assumed  large 
projjortions.  In  the  building  up  of  his  pres- 
ent successful  and  growing  business  Mr.  Bart- 
iey has  displayed  unusual  business  foresight, 
energj'  and  perseverance.  His  success  can  be 
attributed  to  fair  and  honorable  business 
methods,  a  keen  knowledge  of  the  demands  of 
trade  and  an  untiring  personal  supervision, 
united  with  an  economic  administration  of 
every  detail  of  hisbusiness.  Amongthe  young- 
est men  in  Toledo  engaged  in  his  line  of  trade, 
he  has  already  established  for  himself  an 
enviable  reputation  as  an  honorable  business 
man,  and  one  whose  success  is  built  on  such 
stable  foundation. 


,  ot ,   /o^^^^^r- 


'<^^t/LC^^tn.'Ui!::c^-u<_ 


TRADERS  AND  MERCHANTS. 


762o 


ROBERT  H.  BELL  was    bora    in    Yoniigs- 
towD,  Westmoreland  County, Penu.,  December 
10,  1823.     In  1825,  tbo  family  removed  to  Mid- 
dlebury  (now  within  Akron,  Summit  County), 
Ohio.     When  21   years  of  age,  he  went  to  St. 
Joseph,  Mich.,  where,  witli  Edward   Kent,  he 
formed  the  firm  of  Bell  &  Kent,  Merchants.  In 
1845  they  removed  to  Chicago,  for  like  busi- 
ness. As  a  result  of  the  loss  ot  what  was  known 
as  the  "  Wabash  trade,"   through   the  opening 
of  the  Wabash  Canal  to  Toledo,  Chicago  soon 
was  brought  to  a  crisis,  which  largely  prostrat- 
ed   its    business,  and    reduced  its   population. 
After  two  j-ears  of  waiting  for  a  revival,  Mr. 
Bell  decided  to  follow  the  lost  trade,  and  came 
to  Toledo  in  1847.     There,  with  the  late  James 
Deveau,  be  organized  the  firm  of  Bell  &  Deveau, 
the  first  exclusively  Wholesale  house  in  that 
City.     They  dealt  in  pretty  much  everything, 
save  Hardwai-e,    Drugs    and    Medicines.     The 
hiistorj'  of  this  establishment  (now  Emerson  & 
Co.)  is  given  on  page  758.     Mr.    Bell   retired 
from  the  house  in  1872,  and  operated  to  some 
extent  in  real  estate,  the  result  of  which,  in 
consequence  of  the  financial  disaster  following 
the  panic  of  1873,  was  nnlortunate.     His  active 
life  was  always  identified  with  the  public  wel- 
fare in  different  ways.     Commencingas  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Chicago  Engine  Co.  No.  3,  of  which 
he  was  Foreman,  he  i-esumed  such  service  on 
coming  to  Toledo,  and  maintained  the  same  for 
a  period  of  18  years,  during  most  of  which  time 
he  served  as  Assistant  and  Foreman  of  Engine 
No.  1,  and  as  Assistant  and  Chief  Engineer  of 
the  Department,  withdrawing   in    18U6.     It  is 
safe  to  state,  that  to  no  other  citizen  is  Toledo 
more  deejily  indebted  for   the  efficiency  of  its 
Volunteer  Fire  Department,  than  to  Mr.  Bell, 
whose  long    and  active    devotion  in  that  con- 
nection  was    without  interruption.      He    also 
placed  the  peojtle  of  Toledo  under  special  ob- 
ligation to    him    for  courageous  and    effective 
service  rendered  during  the  different  visitations 
of   cholera  (1849,    1852,    1854).     Regardless  of 
personal    ease   or   safety,   and    with  the    open 
hand  of  liberality,  he  sought  out  and  minister- 
ed   to    the    needs  of    victims  of    that    dread 
scourge,  regardless   of  age,  sex,    condition    or 
nationality.      Like    liberality    and    enterjjrise 
have    distinguished    him    in    connection    with 
other  matters   of  public  concern,  as   occasion 
offered.     Though  never    holding   an    office   of 
IDrofit,  he  gratuitously  served  his  fellow. citizens 
in  different  public  positions,  including  those  of 
Councilman    and    Alderman.       Politically,    he 
started  life  as  a  Whig,  acting  with  that  party 
until  it  was  mei'gcd  into  the  Kepublican  iiarty, 
with  which    he  since  has  acted,  and  of  which 
he  was  the  nominee  for  Sheriff  in  1885,  though 
not  elected.     Mr.  Bell  was    married  February 
22,  1844,  with    Miss   Delia  A.  Chittenden,  at 
Akron.     They    had  four    children— John    M., 
now  of  Chicago  ;  Nettie  T.  (deceased),  wife  of 
Alex.  Backus,  of  Toledo  ;     Roberta,  of  Toledo  ; 
and  one  dying  in  childhood. 


BLWOOD  BATSMAN  was  born  August  28, 
1825,    in    Springboro,    Warren    County,    Ohio. 
His  parents,  Jacob  and  Rachel  (Mullin)    Mate- 
man,  were  natives  of  Penn.sylvania — the  father 
beingof  Welsh-Knglish  and  the  mother  of  Irish- 
English  descent.     For  .several  generations,  their 
families  had  been  identified  with  the  Society  of 
Friends,  dating  back  well  toward  the  day's  of 
Fox.      About    1807  a  Mission    was    established 
by  the  Friends  among  the  Indians   in  North- 
western Ohio,  the  location  being  the  old  Indian 
Village    Waui)aukonnetta    near     the    present 
Town  of  Wapakoneta,  Auglaize  County.    Jacob 
Bateman  forabout  two  years  was  Companion  to 
the  Missionary  at  that  point.     Associated  with 
others,  about' 1810,  he  laid  out  the  Village  of 
Springboro,  the  owners  constructing  Flouring 
and  Saw- Mill   and  Carding  Machine.     At  th'e 
Schools   sustained    by  the    Friends,   the  son's 
educational   privileges    were    better   than    the 
average  of  Western  pioneer  settlements.    When 
18  years  of  age,  he  went  to  Cincinnati,  to  tnake 
his  start  in  business  life,  and  there  spent  three 
years  in  learning  the  trade  of  shoemaking      In 
1846,  he  went    to  Attica,  Indiana,    remainiuir 
there  13  years,  being  employed  as  Clerk  in  the 
Grain  Warehouse  of  a  brother,  Kersey  Jiate- 
man,  and   in  a  Dry  Goods  store.      He  went  to 
Danville,  Illinois,  in    1859,  and  in  connection 
with  N.  C.  Porter,  established  a  Grocery  and 
Provision  Store,  remaining  in  successful  trade 
for  .seven  years.     In  1867,  with  Mr.  Porter  and 
a  brother,  Clarkson  W.  Bateman,  he  opened  a 
Wholesale  Boot  and  Shoe  Store  (firm  of  N.  C. 
Porter  &  Co.),  in  Toledo.     Withdrawing   from 
this  establishment  in  1809,  Mr.  Bateman  estab- 
lished at  No.  441  (new  number)  Summit  Street, 
the  Grocery  and  Provision  business  which  he 
has  continued  for  the  period  of  19  years,  with 
a  degree  of  success  and  acceptability    to  cus- 
tomers not  exceeded  by  any  like  establishment 
in  Toledo,  where   he    has  justly    come    to    be 
recognized  as  the  leading  Retail  Dealei'  in  his 
line  of  trade,  a  man  of  ungxceptional  ]iersonal 
habits,  he  has  ever  stood  as  a   firm   friend    of 
sobriety  and  good   order.     Mr.  Bateman  was 
married  September  5,  1850,  with  Miss  Jane  P. 
LaMont,  of  Owego,  N.  Y.     They  have  had  five 
children — LaMont,  of  Toledo;  Mary,  who  died 
in  childhood  ;  Caroline,  wife  of  Frank  P.  Russell, 
San  Jose,  California;  Rachel,  wife  of  George  J. 
Law,  of  Lincoln,  Nebraska;  and    Ruth    E.,  of 
Toledo.     Mrs.  Bateman  is  recognized  as  among 
the  most  active  and  efficient  friends  of  Temper- 
ance in  Toledo,  having  for  many  years  taken 
prominent  part   in   support   of  that  cause,    in 
connection  with  the  Women's  (christian  Tcm- 
jjcrancc  Union  and  other  branches  of  the  same 
work. 

JOHN  B.  KETCH  AM  was  born  August  27, 
1832,  at  Cornwall,  Orange  County,  New  York 
His  father,  Samuel  Ketchain,  was  a  farmer  and 
miller,    who    was    married    with    Miss    Rachel 
Sands, at  Coi'nwall.     .lohn  B.  remaineil  at  home 


7626 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


until  20  years  of  age,  working  on  the  farm  and 
attending  District  School  during  the  Winters. 
In  1852,  he  came  to  Toledo,  where  ho  soon  en- 
o-ao-ed  as  clerk  with  Ketcham  &  Secor,  and 
aft'er wards  in  like  capacity,  with  Secor  &  Ber- 
dan.  In  1854,  upon  the  organization  of  the 
Wholesale  Grocery  house  of  Secor,  Berdan  &  Co., 
he  became  a  partner  in  the  same,  and  contin- 
ued as  such  until  18G2.  At  this  time,  with 
Henry  W.  Gillett,  he  established  the  firm  of 
Ketcham  &  Gillett,  for  the  prosecution  of  the 
same  business,  which  continued  until  1864. 
when  Mr.  Gillett  sold  his  interest  to  L.  L. 
Morehouse  and  James  M.  Brighara,  of  Watcr- 
ville,  the  firm  name  becoming  Ketcham,  Brig- 
ham  &  Co.  Mr.  Brigham  dying  in  1869,  the  sur- 
viving partners  continued  as  the  firm  ot'Kctch- 
am  &  Morehouse.  In  1872,  Charles  W.  Bond  and 
.Tolin  B.  Ketcham  2d  taking  the  interest  of 
Mr.  Morehouse,  the  firm  of  Ketcham,  Bond  & 
Co.  was  formed,  and  continued  until  tlie  I'ctire- 
raent  of  the  last  two  named  partners,in  1 884, leav- 
ing the  business  with  the  senior  partner, who  con- 
tinued it  until  1887,  wlien  it  was  finally  closed, 
and  Mr.Ketcham  opened  an  office  as  Merchandise 
Broker  and  Manufacturers'  Agent.  Mr.  Ketch- 
am served  for  seven  years  as  a  member  of  the 
Hook  and  Ladder  Company,  in  the  old  Volun- 
teer Fire  Department,  and  one  year  as  Assist- 
ant Chief  Engineer.  He  was  married  October 
15,  1863,  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  with  Miss  Mary  E. 
Knott.  They  have  two  sons,  Henry  A.  and 
John  S. 

EMMOR  A.  ROOD  was  born  near  Eaven- 
na.  Portage  County,  Ohio,  March  4,  1838.  His 
father,  Norman  Rood,  was  a  native  of  Litch- 
field Countj',  Connecticut,  and  his  mother, 
Louisa  (Tibbits)  Rood,  a  native  of  Oneida 
C/Ounty,  New  York.  The  fiUher  came  West 
about  1821,  and  settled  in  Portage  Count}-. 
The  mother  coming  in  1827,  they  weremari'ied 
there.  The  father  owned  a  farm  which  he 
managed,  but  his  time  was  largely  devoted  to 
trade  which  took  him  much  from  honie.  Em- 
mor  was  eldest  of  a  family  of  13  children — 10 
sons  and  three  daughter.s — which  relation  as 
years  advanced,  devolved  on  him  special  obli- 
gations, which  were  faithfully  met.  At  14 
year.s,  with  one  brother,  he  attended  the  Semi- 
nary at  Hiram,  Portage  Connty,  where  their 
attention  was  divided  between  a  small  farm 
and  that  School.  They  found  there  James  A. 
Garfield,  then  contributing  to  his  expenses  by 
caring  for  the  fires  and  ringing  the  Seniinar3- 
bcU.  Subsequently  Emmor  recited  to  Mr. 
Garfield.  At  21  he  commenced  business  life 
as  traveling  dealer  in  gun-powder,  which  he 
continued  with  special  success  until  1869.  The 
following  year  he  came  to  Toledo  and  was 
connected  with  the  Union  Manufacturing 
Company  for  two  years.  From  1872  u-ittl 
1882  he  was  in  the    Grocciy   and    Provision 


trade  on  Monroe  Street,  and  in  1884  resumed 
that  business  at  his  present  stand.  Northwest 
corner  of  Summit  and  Orange  Streets.  Plis 
life  from  the  start,  has  been  one  of  uninter- 
rupted activity,  throughout  which  he  has  main- 
tained a  record  creditable  to  him.  To  the 
extent  of  oppoi'tunity,  he  has  taken  active 
interest  in  whatever  concerned  the  moral  or 
material  well-being  of  his  fellow-citizens. 
With  Mrs.  Eood,  he  is  a  member  of  First 
Baptist  Church,  Toledo.  He  was  married  at 
Pavenna,  June  6,  1861,  with  Miss  Sarah  A. 
Dorraan  of  that  Town.  They  have  two  chil- 
dren^— Prentice  B.,  and  Mar}'  Louise,  both  of 
Toledo.  Of  his  father's  family,  have  died  the 
father  and  five  children,  leaving  the  mother 
and  seven  sons  and  one  daughter. 


TORANCB  D.  PARKER  was  born  near 
Bcllevue,  Ohio,  November  29,  1845,  the  resi- 
dence of  the  fiimily  being  a  log-house.  His 
parents  were  Joseph  and  Catharine  (Adams) 
Parker,  both  natives  of  the  State  of  Maine,  the 
father  and  mother  of  Scotch  descent.  The  chil- 
dren consisted  of  five  boys  and  three  girls.  All 
of  these  arenow  living,  exceptone  (Elbridge  C), 
who  was  accidently  drowned  in  1855,  near  West 
Sisterlsland,  Lake  Erie.  All  except  Torance  D. 
were  born  in  Maine.  When  he  was  three  j-ears 
old,  the  family  removed  to  Port  Clinton,  Ottawa 
County.  The  father  was  a  Ship  Carpenter, 
and  supported  the  fiimily  by  such  labor.  The 
son  enjoyed  such  educational  advantages  as 
were  supplied  by  the  Common  Schools  of  the 
Village.  When  17  j'ears  of  age  (in  1863),  he 
eidisted  in  the  Union  Army  for  the  suppres- 
sion of  the  Rebellion,  and  served  until  the  close 
of  the  War,  receiving  his  final  discharge  July 
4,  1865.  In  the  Spring  of  1866  he  went  to 
()dell,  Livingston  County,  Illinois,  where  he 
engaiied  in  the  Boot  and  Shoe  business,  with  a 
brother.  This  not  proving  a  success,  he  rented 
laud  and  spent  two  years  in  tilling  the  soil.  In 
1872  he  returned  to  Ohio,  and  bought  75  acres 
of  land,  to  the  clearing  of  whicli  he  devoted 
two  years.  Concluding  that  not  to  be  his  life- 
work,  he  came  to  Toledo  in  1875,  where  he  was 
engaged  by  the  Lake  f^hore  Railroad  Company 
as  Special  Policeman,  and  acted  as  such  until 
1878.  Ho  then  engaged  with  Morgan  Hollings- 
head  (firm  Hollingshead  &  Parker),  in  the 
business  of  Retail  Grocerj^  and  Meat  Market, 
iM  Monroe  Street,  which  arrangement  contin- 
ued for  one  year,  when  Mr.  Parker  took  the 
business  w-hich  lie  yet  pursues  at  412  Monroe 
Street,  and  where  by  strict  application  to  bus- 
iness, and  attention  to  everj-  want  of  his  pat- 
rons, he  at  present  commands  a  very  liberal 
and  increasing  trade.  Mr.  Parker  was  married 
at  Toledo,  December  7,  1880,  with  Miss  Jessie 
Mehl.  The}-  have  one  child,  Ralph  A.,  now 
five  vears  of  age. 


TRADERS  AND  MERCHANTS. 


7fi3 


DEY  GOODS. 

As  elsewhere  shown,  the  pioneer  dealer.s  in 
Dry  Goods  in  Toledo,  were  John  Baldwin  and 
Cyrus  Fisher,  who  opened  a  small  stock  in 
1823,  being  followed  in  1828,  by  John  and 
Marquis  Baldwin,  both  at  the  foot  of  Monroe 
Street.  These  were  small  stocks.  In  1831 
came  Lewis  Godard's  stock  of  general  mer- 
chandise, in  charge  of  S.  L.  Collins.  In  1835, 
there  were  in  such  trade,  A.  Palmer  &  Co., 
Andrew  Clark,  W.  J.  Daniels  &  Co.,  and  I.  C. 
Smith.  These  were  followed  by  a  succession 
of  dealers  too  long  for  statement  here,  many  of 
whom  are  named  elsewhere.  Among  the 
prominent  Wholesale  Dry  Goods  houses  of  the 
past,  were  Wm.  Bolles  &  Co.,  Keeler.  Hubbell 
&  Co.,  followed  by  Cummings,  Wason  &  Bolles, 
Eaton  &  Backus,  Luce,  Chapin  &  Blass,  C.  L. 
Luce  &  Co.,  and  others,  mentioned  elsewhere 
in  this  volume. 


FREDERICK  EATON,  the  well-known  Dry 
Goods  Merchant  of  Toledo,  was  born  at  Sutton, 
New  Hampshire,  February  10, 1836,  and  is  de- 
scended from  ancestors  whose  record  in  New 
England  reaches  back  to  the  days  of  the  Colo- 
nies. His  paternal  gre;U-grandfather  com- 
manded a  Company  at  the  battle  of  Bunker 
Hill,  and  served  in  the  Army  throughout  the 
Eevolutionary  War.  The  parents  of  Mr. 
Eaton  (John  and  Jeannette  G.  Eaton)  were  na- 
tives of  New  Hampshire.  His  father,  whose 
occupation  was  that  of  a  Farmer,  died  in  1873; 
his  mother  died  in  1840.  Of  their  family  of 
nine  children— six  sons  and  three  daughters — 
one  daughter  died  in  infancj'.  The  others  are 
living.  Two  brothers — General  John  and 
Colonel  L.  B.  Eaton — are  graduates  of  Dart- 
mouth College,  and  have  held  conspicuous 
military  and  civil  positions.  The  former  entered 
the  Army  as  Chaphiin  of  the  27th  Ohio  Volun- 
teer Infantry,  and  was  afterw  ards  promoted,  by 
recommendation  of  General  Grant,  to  the 
rank  of  Brigadier-General,  and  jjlaced  in  com- 
mand of  the  "  Contrabands"  in  the  campaign 
from  Ciiir'o  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  After  the 
War  lie  assisted  in  organizing  the  Freedman's 
Bureau,  and  in  1870  was  apjjointed  by  President 
Grant,  Commissioner  of  Education  at  Washing- 
ton, D.  C,  a  position  which  he  held  until  1886. 
Colonel  L.  B.  Eaton  was  in  command  of  a 
Regiment  in  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  and 
after  the  War  was  appointed  by  President 
Grant  United  States  Marshal  for  West  Ten- 
nessee. He  has  since  represented  the  City  of 
Memphis  in  the  State  Legislature,  and  is  one 
of  the  wealthy  men  of  that  City.  Mr.  Eaton 
has  one  brother,  a  farmer,  in  Santiago,  Cali- 
fornia; another  is  a  Dry  Goods  merchant,  at 
Grand  Eapids,  Michigan  ;  the  youngest,  Charles, 
being  an  Attorney -at-Law  of  the  Toledo  Bar. 
His   oldest   sister   resides  in   Boston,  and  the 


other  (unmarried)  lives  at  home  in  New 
Hampshire.  The  boyhood  of  Mr.  Eaton  was 
passed  at  his  rural  home  in  Sutton,  working 
on  the  farm  and  acquiring  such  knowledge  as 
he  could  gain  at  the  country  Schools.  Circum- 
stances com])elled  him  to  forego  the  advan- 
tages of  a  Collegiate  education,  which  to  most 
aspiring  youth  is  an  object  of  worthy  ambition  ; 
but  it  does  not  alwaj  s  aftbrd  the  best  training 
for  business  success.  The  j'oung  man  who 
learns  to  labor  and  practice  self-discipline 
usually  succeeds  in  the  race  of  life.  The 
Clerk  who  is  willing  to  work  at  first  for  a 
small  salary,  and  who  saves  his  means,  masters 
himself  at  the  same  time  that  he  masters  his 
business,  and  is  much  more  likely  to  succeed 
than  the  young  collegiate  who  relies  upon  his 
diploma.  Mr.  Eaton  learned  his  business,  and 
at  the  same  time  fitted  himself  for  it  in  the 
school  of  experience.  No  College  education 
could  have  made  a  merchant  of  him  had  he 
not  possessed  the  requisite  genius  in  himself. 
This  was  early  foreshadowed  by  his  choice  of 
the  mercantile  occupation,  and  more  fully 
manifested  by  the  energy,  persistence  and  suc- 
cess with  which,  amidst  many  discourage- 
ments, he  developed  the  business  during  its 
early  stages,  and  has  finally  crowned  it  with  a 
success  attained  by  few  in  his  line  of  mercan- 
tile pursuit.  Clerking  only  long  enough  to  get 
a  little  means  wherewith  to  establish  business 
for  himself,  he  was  obliged  to  study  the  most 
rigid  economy,  as  his  salary  at  first  was  very 
small.  He  worked  as  a  Clerk  three  3ears  in  a 
country  store  for  $50.00  for  the  first  year,  and 
an  increase  of  $25.00  for  each  year  thereafter, 
until  the  expiration  of  his  contract.  At  the 
close  of  this  engagement,  he  not  only  found 
himself  with  something  in  his  pocket,  but  was 
so  well  up  in  proficiency  and  reputation  as  to  be 
able  to  command  a  salary  of  §300  for  a  year's 
service  in  a  large  Dry  Goods  house  in  Man- 
chester, New  Hampshire.  At  the  expiration 
of  his  clerkship  there,  in  August,  1856,  Mr. 
Eaton  came  to  Toledo,  following  his  brother 
John,  who  had  preceded  him,  and  was  at  that 
time  Superintendent  of  the  Public  Schools  of 
the  City.  Mr.  Eaton's  first  engagement  in 
Toledo  was  as  a  Clei-k  for  Messrs.  Hobart  & 
Gleason,  and  then  for  Messrs.  Keeler  &  Hunt. 
In  September,  1857,  was  formed  the  firm  of  F. 
Eaton  &  Co.  (Frederick  and  John  Eaton,  Jr.), 
who  then  opened  a  Dry  Goods  Store,  at  115 
Summit  Street,  with  the  savings  of  the  partners 
as  capital  stock.  The  year  of  their  commence- 
ment was  inauspicious,  for  it  was  the  year  of 
the  "great  panic  of '57,"  which  was  precipitated 
by  the  failure  of  the  Ohio  Trust  ("ompany  in 
October,  and  was  widespread  and  disastrous  in 
its  results.  They  were  among  those  who  were 
enabled  to  pull  through  the  panic,  and  in  the 
Summer  of  1858  located  their  business  at  79 
Summit  Street,  subsequently  adding  No.  77  to 
their    establishment.     In    August,     1859,    Asa 


764 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LDCAS  COUNTY. 


Backus,    from    Connecticut,    succeeded    John 
Baton,  Jr.,  and  the  firm  name  became  Eaton  & 
Backus.     In  December,  1863,  C.  A.  King,  under 
an  arrangement  with  the  firm,  having  erected 
the  fine  building  at   the    Northeast  corner  of 
Summit  and  Madison  Streets,  they  there  opened 
the  Palace  Store.     In  1866,  they  removed  to 
169-171  Summit  Street,  which  in  1872  was  de- 
stroyed by  fire,  with  heavy  loss.     During  the 
same   year   was  built  the   capacious  quarters, 
165-171  Summit  Street,  which  are  yet  occupied. 
In  1872  Mr.  Backus  withdrew   from  the  firm, 
and  returned  to  Connecticut,  and  Mr.   Eaton 
continued  the  business,  as  he  has  done  to  this 
time.     Thus,    for   over   30  years  has  he    held 
a    position    of    prominence    among    the   busi- 
ness men  of  Toledo.     During  that  period  his 
business  has  had  a  steady  and  successful  devel- 
opment, growing  with  the  increa.sing  demands 
of  a  growing  City  and  country,  and  with  the 
enlargement  of  the  Wholesale  trade  through- 
ovit  the  West.     When  he  opened  his  fii'st  store 
he  had  the  assistance  of  a  single  Clerk,  and,  as 
he  says,  "  slept  upon  the  counter  at  night  as  a 
substitute  for  insurance  policies  and  burglar- 
proof  safes."     Now  over  2(t0  Clerks,  Salesmen 
and  Accountants   are   busily  employed  in  the 
various  departments,  attending  to  the  wants  of 
a  multitude  of  customers.     As  an  illustration  of 
the  growth  of  the   business,  it  may  be  stated 
that  the  first  year  the  sales  amounted  to  $15,000, 
while  in  1887  they  reached  the  large  sum  of 
$1,250,000.     The  two    stores  occupied  by  the 
principal  business  are  the  largest  in  the  State, 
with  the  exception  of  a  similar  establishment 
in    Cincinnati,  and   are    thoroughly    supplied 
with    all   the  best  modern  appliances  for  the 
transaction  of  trade.     With  succeeding  3'ear8 
other  departments  have  been  added  to  that  of 
Dry  Goods,  such  as  Notions,  Millinery,  Cloth- 
ing, Boots  and  Shoes,  Hats  and  Caps,  Carpets, 
Upholstery,  Furs,  Crockery,  etc.     In  the  de- 
velopment and  successful  management  of  this 
large  business,  Mr.  Eaton   has  attained  to  first 
rank  among  the  merchants  of  his  State.     He 
possesses  a   keen,  active    intellect,  and   great 
energy  and  business  sagacity.     While  able  to 
generalize  rapidly,  he    has  acquired  complete 
mastery  of  the  details  necessary  to  success  in  a 
large  mercantile  business,  such  as  he  is  carry- 
ing on.     The  remarkable  success  which  he  has 
achieved  has  been  due  largely  to  these  quali- 
ties, together  with    the   unremitting  personal 
supervision  which   he  lias  always  given  to  his 
affairs.     He  is   as   active  and  alert   to-day  in 
overseeing  every  detail  as  he  has  ever  been  at 
any  period  of  his  life.     Few  men  watch  their 
business   more   closelj',  or    look  more  sharply 
after   the    leakages   which   might    soon   carry 
away  a  fortune.     His  means  and  energies  have 
not  been  devoted  exclusively  to  merchandise. 
Mr.  Eaton  has  always  been  actively  interested  in 
public  improvements,  and  in  many  enterprises 
calculated  to  advance  the  growth  and  prosperity 


of  the  City.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Milburn  Wagon  Works,  and  has  been  a  stock- 
holder in  that  corporation  since  its  organiza- 
tion. He  is  one  of  the  Directors  of  the  Gen- 
dron  Iron  Wheel  Companj-,  which  he  helped 
to  organize ;  also  a  stockholder  in  the  Union 
Manufacturing  Company,  the  Toledo  Moulding 
Company,  the  Citizens'  Electric  Light  Com- 
pany, and  the  Tri-State  Fair  Association,  and 
has  been  from  the  first,  one  of  the  Directors  in 
the  latter  organization.  He  aided  in  estab- 
lishing the  Merchants  National  Bank,  and  the 
Merchants'  and  Clerks'  Savings  Institution  of 
Toledo,  and  has  been  a  Director  (and  is 
now  Vice  President)  of  the  former  for  16 
years,  and  of  the  latter  for  15  years.  While 
he  has  been  thus  actively  identified  with  the 
commercial  and  industrial  development  of  the 
City,  he  has  also  been  an  earnest  worker  and 
generous  contributor  in  behalf  of  her  moral, 
religious  and  charitable  institutions.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Advisory  Board  of  the  Prot- 
estant Orphans'  Home  of  Toledo,  and  has  been 
a  member  of  First  Congregational  Church 
since  1858,  and  is  one  of  the  Trustees.  In 
politics  he  is  a  Eepublican,  but  has  never 
sought  or  held  any  political  oflSce.  Mr. 
Eaton  was  married  March  8,  1861,  with 
Mi-ss  Mary  H.,  daughter  of  R.  M.  and  Sophia 
Shirlej-,  of  Goffstown,  New  Hampshire.  Their 
only  child  (a  daughter),  died  in  1876,  at  the 
age  of  10  years.  Mrs.  Eaton  died  January 
2,  1887. 

CHARLES  LEVERETT  LUCE  was  born  in 
Windsor,  Ashtabula  County,  Ohio,  August  12, 
1826,  and  died  at  Toledo,  September  15,  1886, 
aged  60  years,  one  month  and  three  days.  His 
father,  Joshua  W.  Luce,  was  a  farmer.  His 
mother  was  Mary  (Gray)  Luce.  In  1836,  when 
the  son  was  10  years  of  age,  the  family  removed 
to  Steuben  County,  Indiana,  where  the  father 
pm-chased  land,  which  he  tilled.  To  this  time, 
Charles's  educational  advantages  had  been 
limited  to  a  District  School,  and  he  had  no 
such  advantages  thereafter,  beyond  what  he 
was  able  to  pick  up,  being  employed  on  the 
farm  until  he  was  21  years  of  age,  save  a  por- 
tion of  the  time  when  engaged  with  his  brother, 
Cyrus  G.  Luce,  now  (1888)  Governor  of  Mich- 
igan, in  running  a  Carding  Machine  and  Cloth- 
Dressing.  Meantime,  the  financial  condition 
of  the  father  was  such  as  to  tax  fully  the 
resources  of  the  sons,  who  to  the  extent  of 
their  abilities  in  labor  and  self-denial,  met  the 
demands  of  the  hour,  and  with  success.  What 
was  involved  in  such  struggle,  none  but  those 
acquainted  with  the  conditions  of  a  new  and 
sparsely  settled  country,  can  judge.  Arriving 
at  his  majority  in  1847  (the  partnership  with 
his  brother  having  been  closed),  Charles  went 
into  a  Store  as  Clerk,  to  take  such  wages  as  his 
employer,  upon  trial  of  him,  should  see  fit  to 
pay.     He  soon  was  placed  on  a  salarj-  of  $15.00 


~y  ''^HTMalharSky^^ 


TRADERS  AND  MERCHANTS. 


7()5 


per  month,  with  board.     Remaining  there  for 
one  J'ear,  he  made  arrangements  for  opening  a 
iStore  on  liis  own  account  at  Orland,  Indiana, 
and   visited    New  York   for   the   purchase   of 
goods   for  such   purpose.     As    capital  for   the 
venture,  he  had  $350,  the  protits  on  40  acres  of 
wheat  wiiich  his  father  had  permitted  him  to 
raise  on  the  fiirm.     Without  letters  of  credit, 
so  common  in  such  cases,  he  was  left,  as  basis 
for  purchase,  chiefly  to  the  small  sum  at  his 
command,  and  whatever  of  confidence  his  sim- 
ple statement  and  personal  appearance  might 
do  for    him.     Suffice  it  to    sa_y,    he    found    no 
difficulty  in  obtaining  all  the  goods  he  wished, 
which    were    shipped    to    Orland,    when     his 
business    life    was    fairly   inaugurated.     From 
the  start  it  was  a  success,  so  much  so  that  ore 
long  he  opened  a  second  store  at  Angola,  in 
the  same  County  with  Orland,  in  which  were 
employed  as  Clerks,  Frederick  C.   Chapin  and 
James    Blass.     In    1856    Mr.    Luce    engaged 
largel}-  in  the  Cattle  trade — purchasing  stock 
in  his  neighborhood  and  taking  them  to  New 
York  for  market.     It  was  in  connection  with 
one  of  these  trips,  that  occurred  the  incident 
(so  characteristic    of    him),  mentioned    in  the 
biograjihical   sketch  of   Mr.   George  Emerson, 
elsewhere.     Mr.  Luce  continued  in  business  in 
Indiana  until  1865,  Mr.  Chapin  meantime  be- 
coming   associated    with    him.     At    the    date 
named  was  formed  the  firm  of  Luce,  Chapin  Hz 
Blass,  wMiich  came  to  be  so  well  known  in  the 
Wholesale  Dry  Goods  trade  at  Toledo.     Their 
first  location  was  at   176   Summit  Street  (old 
number),  whence  they  soon  removed  to  32-34 
Summit  Street  (old  number),  remaining  there 
until  the  removal  in   February,  1873,    to   the 
present  location,  132-134  Summit  (old  number). 
In  1874,  the  co-partnership  having  expired  hj 
limitation    of  time,    Mr.    Luce    continued    the 
business,  under  the  firm  name  of  C.  L.  Luce 
&    Co.,  which    arrangement   existed  until    his 
death.     Not  long  thereafter  was  organized  The 
C.  L.  Luce  Com2:)any,  by  which  the  business  is 
yet   (1888)  continued.     With  all  the  constant 
demands  of  a  large  business  on  his  attention, 
Mr.  Luce  found  time   for  active  co-operation 
with  his  fellow-citizens  in  many  directions  for 
the  common  welfare.     The  various  local  enter- 
prises designed  for  such   purpose,  wei'e  sure  to 
have  his  sympathies  and  largel}'  his  active  and 
efficient  support.     From  time  to  time,  during 
his  21  years  residence  in  Toledo,  he  was  asso- 
ciated with  various  enterprises  of  public  nature. 
Ho  was  a  stockholder   and  a  Director  in  the 
Toledo,  Ann  Arbor  and  Northern  liailroad  ;  in 
the  Toledo,  St.  Louis  and   Kansas  Cit}-  liail- 
road;  in  the  TurnbuU  Wagon   Com])any;  and 
in  the  Second  National  Bank  of  Toledo.     For 
many  years  he  was  largelj-  interested  in  Toledo 
Street   Railways.     Few   of  the   business  men 
of  Toledo   took  as  active  an   interest  as  did 
Mr.   Luce  in  current   political  affairs,  though 
never  with   reference    to    official  position,  the 


few    offices    held    by  him    being    purely    of    a 
local  character,  as  member  of  the  Board  for  the 
Equalization  of  Taxes,  and  of  the  City  Sinking 
Fund    Commission,    in    both    of    which     his 
judgment  was  very  serviceable.     Politically,  he 
was  a  Republican,  as  he  formerly  was  a  Whig, 
and    was   always    recognized    as    potential   in 
party  matters.     Throughout  his  long  bu.siness 
life,  his  upright  bearing   and  sound  discretion 
were  fully  recognized  and  appreciated,  giving 
him  much  influence  wherever   his    name  was 
known.  Such  exceptional  power  was  due,  first, 
to  his  known  intelligence  and  sound  judgment; 
and  second, to  the  characteristic  indejiondence 
and  frankness    of   his  treatment   of  questions 
challenging  his    attention.     He  knew   no  fear 
in  the  utterance  of  his   opinions,   but    mot  all 
points  of  difference   fi'om   the   stand-point  of 
reason  and  justice.     Hence,  the  special    influ- 
ence of  his  judgment.     His   unremitted  devo- 
tion of  time  and  effort  to  the  various  interests 
engaging  his   attention— especially   his   large 
mercantile  trade,  extending  over  several  States 
— finally  proved  too  much  even  for  his   strong 
constitution  and  careful  habits  of  life;  and  for 
some  time  before  his  death,  he  was  compelled 
largely    to    suspend    active     participation   in 
business.     His  death  was  regarded  as  a  special 
loss  to  Toledo,  as  shown  by  the  general  expres- 
sion of  regret  on  that  occasion.     The   funeral 
services    were  held    at  his  late  residence,  541 
Summit  (old  number),    and    were  attended  by 
large  numbers  of  citizens,  including  members  of 
the  various  branches  of  trade.  Reverend  Albert 
S.    Hobart,   Pastor   of  First   Baptist  Chui-ch, 
conducted  the  services,   assisted  bj'   Reverend 
Wm.  W.  Williams,  Pastor  of  First  Congrega- 
tional   Church.     Mr.    Luce    was    married    at 
Orland,  Indiana,  October   2,  1850,  with   Miss 
Elmira    Childs,  who  survives  him,  as  do  their 
five   children — Mrs.  Jesse  G.  Gould,  Mrs.  Clar- 
ence Brown,  Mrs.  Wm.  H.  Harrison,  Mrs.  F.  W. 
Rundell,  and  Arthur  B.  Luce,  all  of  Toledo. 

GEORGE  SOHEBTS  was  born  November 
19,  1842,  in  the  Village  of  Kirchehrenbach,  18 
miles  East  of  Bamberg,  Bavaria.  His  father 
(George  Scheets)  and  familj'  came  to  the 
United  States  in  1852,  arriving  at  New  York, 
June  5th.  They  located  at  Perrysburg,  where 
the  father  died  of  cholera,  during  the  severe 
epidemic  of  1854,  which  was  attended  by  104 
deaths,  including  those  of  many  of  the  most 
intelligent  and  prudent  residents.  The  son 
attended  the  Public  Schools  of  Perry.sburg,  and 
for  a  limited  term  St.  John  CJoUege,  Cleveland, 
leaving  the  latter  for  lack  of  means  for  staying. 
At  14  j'ears  of  age,  he  entered  the  Book  Store 
of  John  Powers,  then  Postmaster  at  Perrj's- 
burg.  Being  able  to  read  and  write  both 
English  and  German,  he  proved  specially  ser- 
viceable in  that  position,  and  remained  there 
for  three  years,  when  he  engaged  in 
the   Dry    Goods   Store   of    W.    J.    Hitchcock, 


7(i(> 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


remaining  there  until  the  Eebellion  was  in- 
augurated in  1861.  At  the  age  of  19,  he 
enlisted,  August  25th,  for  three  j-ears,  as  private 
in  Company  C,  Twenty-First  Ohio  Yolunteer 
Infantr3-.  His  special  fitness  therefor  soon 
caused  his  detail  as  Quartermaster-Sergeant,  in 
which  capacity  he  served  with  credit.  In 
October,  1864,  during  Sherman's  March  to  the 
Sea,  he  was  appointed  as  Adjutant  of  the  Regi- 
ment, hj  Colonel  Arnold  McMahan,  and  served 
as  such  until  mustered  out  with  the  Eegiment 
in  August,  1865,  meantime  (July  12,  1865) 
having  been  appointed  as  Captain,  for  merito- 
rious service.  The  following  mention  is  made 
of  Captain  Scheets,  in  "  Ohio  in  the  War,"  to 
wit:  "The  survivors  of  the  Regiment  retired 
with  the  Army  to  Chattanooga,  where  itarrived 
September  22d,  and  remained  until  January  1, 

1864,  when  it  re-enlisted  as  a  Veteran  organ- 
ization, mainly  through  the  efforts  of  Quarter- 
master Daniel  Lewis,  Quartermaster-Sergeant 
George  Scheets  and  the  non-commissioned 
officers  of  the  Regiment."  Captain  Scheets  was 
absent  from  his  command  but  once  during  the 
four  years  of  his  service,  and  that  was  on  vet- 
eran furlough.  He  participated  in  the  cam- 
paigns under  Thomas,  Eosecrans  and  Sherman, 
and  in  all  respects  met  the  demands  upon  him 
as  a  faithful,    loyal    Soldier.     In    September, 

1865,  with  the  small  savings  of  a  Soldier,  he 
opened  a  general  merchandise  store  in  East 
Toledo,  with  Colonel  McMahan  as  partner.  At 
the  end  of  a  year,  he  purchased  the  interest  of 
his  partner,  and  has  since  conducted  the  busi- 
ness alone,  meantime  (in  1868)  erecting  the 
fine  brick  block  No.  28  Front  Street,  in  which 
he  yet  conducts  a  successful  trade.  Though 
actively  identified  with  the  Republican  party, 
he  has  preferred  strict  attention  to  business  to 
office-seeking.  In  1871,  in  the  interest  of  his 
immediate  neighbors,  he  consented  to  serve 
them  in  the  City  Council,  during  which  time 
he  contributed  materially  to  securing  the  free 
bridge  which  now  connects  East  Toledo  (Sixth 
Ward)  with  the  balance  of  the  City.  In  1885, 
upon  the  resignation  of  Mayor  Romeis  (then 
elected  to  Congress),  Captain  Scheets  was 
chosen  by  the  City  Council  for  the  vacancy, 
serving  until  April  of  that  year.  He  has  been 
prominently  identified  with  the  work  of  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  One  of  the 
original  members  of  Ford  Post,  he  has  been  its 
Quartermaster  since  its  organization.  He  was 
Quartermaster. General  on  the  Staff  of  General 
J.  B.  Steedman,  while  Commander  of  Ohio 
Department,  G.  A.  E.  With  the  late  Charles 
A.  Crane  he  was  specially  active  and  efficient 
in  securing  the  Soldiers'  Monument  in  Willow 
Cemetery,  Oregon  Township.  Captain  Scheets, 
for  23  years,  has  been  prominently  identified 
with  the  severe  struggles  of  East  Toledo,  as 
part  of  the  City,  and  has  always  taken  an  active 
part  in  whatever  pertained  to  the  interests  of 
that  locality,  in  both  its  material  and  its  moral 


growth  and  development,  and  now  has  the 
satisfaction  of  seeing  the  small  Village,  "  Yon- 
dota,"  assume  an  importance  among  the  Wards 
of  the  City  second  to  none.  He,  eminently,  is 
a  self-made  man.  Coming  to  this  countrj-  in 
his  childhood,  without  the  aids  of  fortune,  and 
soon  bereft  of  a  father's  care,  he  has  had  none 
but  himself  for  reliance  in  the  battle  of  life. 
Whether  as  citizen,  or  business  man,  he  has 
ever  maintained  a  character  for  honor  and  use- 
fulness, the  secret  of  his  success  lying  in  the 
two  words:     -'Industry — Integrity." 


HARDWARE. 


As  in  the  cases  of  Dry  Goods,  Groceries,  Ac. 
Hardware  was  for  many  j'ears  a  department  in 
the  general  stock  of  merchandise.  It  assumed 
increasing  importance  from  year  to  year,  until 
promoted  to  a  separate  position  in  trade.  The 
earliest  record  found  of  distinctively  Hardware 
Stores,  are  those  of  Kirkiand  &  Whitaker  and 
A.  Palmer  &  Co.,  in  1844,  the  former  soon  be- 
ing followed  by  S.  &  J.  H.  Whitaker.  In  1856, 
came  the  firm  of  W.  &  C.  B.  Roff.  We  find  in 
1887,  five  Wholesale  houses  in  this  branch — 
Bostwick,  Braun  &  Co.,  Whitaker  &  Co.,  E.  G. 
Bacon  &  Co.,  Stolberg,  Clapp  &  Briggs,  and  E. 
A.  Eversman. 

WILLIAM  ROFF  was  born  at  Newark, 
New  Jersey,  September  10,  1802.  His  father 
(Stephen  Roff)  was  a  Shoe  Manufacturer,  and 
for  many  years  carried  on  his  business  at  New- 
ark, where  he  died.  At  the  breaking  out  of 
the  War  of  Independence,  his  grandfather  on  his 
maternal  side  was  appointed  Surgeon  in  the 
Continental  Army,  and  was  killed  at  the  battle 
of  Springfield,  New  Jersey.  The  sou  was  edu- 
cated in  the  Private  Schools  of  Newark,  and 
early  evinced  a  taste  for  commercial  pur- 
suits. At  an  early  age  he  commenced  his 
business  career  as  Clerk  in  a  Hardware 
Store.  A  few  years  thereafter  he  went  to 
Savannah,  Georgia,  and  obtained  employ- 
ment in  a  general  Store,  conducted  by  an 
uncle,  with  whom  he  remained  about  three 
years.  After  this  he  went  to  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  where  he  entered  a  Hardware 
Store  as  clerk.  In  1833  he  visited  Mobile,  Al- 
abama, and  New  Orleans,  spending  some  three 
years,  and  then  commenced  business  at  New- 
ark, New  Jersey.  After  several  j-ears of  marked 
success  there,  he  retired  from  active  business. 
Up  to  this  period  his  business  ventures  had 
proven  remarkably  successful ;  but  retirement 
from  the  active  cluinnels  of  trade, thus  early  in 
life,  illy  suited  his  energetic  nature,  and  after  a 
few  years  of  rest,  with  his  brother,  Cliarles  B.,  in 
1850  he  opened  a  Hardware  Store  at  Racine, 
Wisconsin,  under  the  firm  name  of  W.  &  C.  B. 
RofF,  which  was  continued  until  1856,  when 
they   removed    to    Toledo,   and    established   a 


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TRADERS  AND  MERCHANTS. 


767 


Wholesale  and  Eetail  Hardware  Stoi-e  on  Sum- 
mit Street.  Their  trade  rapidly  increased  and 
soon  occupied  the  first  place  in  their  line  of 
trade  in  the  City.  In  1868  Mr.  Roff  retired 
from  the  firm,  before  and  since  which  date, 
several  changes  occurred  in  Ihe  personnel  of  the 
firm,  but  a  continuation  of  the  orij^inal  firm  is 
represented  by  the  large  Wholesale  and  Eelail 
Hardware  Store  of  Bostwiek,  Braun  &  Co.  Mr. 
Eoff  was  originally  a  Whig  in  jiolitics, but  soon 
after  the  formation  of  the  Republican  party 
attached  himself  to  that  organization,  and  al- 
though never  an  intense  partisan,  has  since 
been  a  consistent  upholder  of  the  principles 
of  that  party.  He  has  never  held  political 
office,  though  often  entreated  by  friends  to 
allow  his  name  to  be  used  as  a  candidate  for 
such.  By  well  directed  efforts  in  the  legitimate 
channels  of  trade,  Mr.  Roff  has  succeeded  in 
securing  an  ample  fortune.  He  lives  a  retired, 
unassuming,  modest  life,  as  best  suited  to  his 
taste  and  inclinations.  Already  many  years 
past  the  allotted  three  score  and  ten,  he  enjoys 
remarkably  robust  health,  and  is  quietly  pass- 
ing his  remaining  years  in  a  community  where 
he  has  so  long  resided  and  where  by  an  honora- 
ble life-work  he  has  justly  gained  the  respect 
and  esteem  of  all. 

January  12,  1860,  Mr.  Roff  was  married  with 
Mary  Chandler,  who  died  April  6,  1887. 

OSOAR  ALONZO  BOSTWICK  was  born  in 
Ravenna  Township,  Portage  County,  Ohio, 
June  12,  1830.  His  parents  vvere  among  the 
earliest  settlers  of  that  Township,  his  father 
being  a  builder  and  contractor.  Opportunities 
for  education  were  then  verj-  limited  in  that 
section,  of  which  the  son  availed  himself,  so  far 
as  was  practicable.  He  worked  on  the  farm 
and  at  the  Joiner's  trade  until  arrived  at  his 
majority,  when  he  entered  the  office  of  Bidwell 
&  Brothers,  Forwarders,  at  Pittsburgh,  Penn- 
sylvania, who  were  running  a  line  of  Steamers 
and  Canal-Boats  on  the  Ohio  River,  tlie  Ohio 
and  Pennsylvania  Canals  and  the  Lakes.  Upon 
the  completion  of  the  Ohio  and  Pennsylvania 
Railroad  (now  the  Pittsburgh,  Fort  Wayne  and 
Chicago),  the  for^^arding  business  was  de- 
stroyed, when  31r.  Bostwiek  returned  to  Ra- 
venna and  entered  the  Hardware  Store  of  E. 
T.  Richardson,  remaining  there  until  1854.  He 
then  made  a  trip  to  the  Northwest,  visiting  St. 
Paul,  where  he  was  engaged  in  the  Wholesale 
and  Retail  Clothing  business  and  remained  for 
one  and  a  half  years.  Returning  to  Ravenna 
he  engaged  in  the  Hardware  trade  as  a  member 
of  the  firm  of  F.  A  Curtis  &  Co.  Owing  to  the 
effects  upon  trade  of  the  panic  of  1857  and  at- 
tendant drouth  in  Northwestern  Ohio,  their 
establishment  was  removed  to  Fremont,  Ohio, 
in  1859.  Mr.  Bostwiek,  in  1861,  disposed  of  his 
interest  in  trade  to  his  partner,  and  purchased 
the  establishment  of  Brown  &  Hunt,  at  Perrvs- 
burg.     In  1862,  he  engaged  as  salesman  for  W. 


&  C.  B.  Roff,  Wholesale  Hardware  dealers,  To- 
ledo ;  and  in  1805,  disposing  of  his  Perrysburg 
interest,  he  became  a  partner  of  the  firm  of 
Roff  &  Company,  then  formed.  In  1868,  C.  F. 
and  G.  A.  Braun  bought  out  William  Roff,  and 
in  1873,  Charles  B.  Roff  sold  to  his  jiartners, 
when  the  firm  of  Bostwiek,  Braun  &  Company 
was  organized,  as  now  (1888)  existing.  Mr. 
Bostwiek  was  married  February  10,  1856,  with 
Miss  Maria  Louisa,  daughter  of  Colonel  Wilcox, 
of  Cuyahoga  Falls,  Ohio.  They  have  two  chil- 
dren—  Frank  A.,  now  in  the  Hardware  business 
at  St.  Paul,  Minnesota;  and  Luella  Maria,  wife 
of  Freeman  P.  Strong,  of  Strong-Hackett  Hard- 
ware Company,  St.  Paul. 

RANDALL  G.  BACON  was  born  in  Steu- 
ben County,  New  York,  October  23,  1837.  He 
traces  his  ancestry  back  to  the  hardy  stock  of 
American  pioneers  who  made  their  mark  in 
the  early  history  of  New  England  settlements, 
and  whose  descendants  subsequently  made  like 
record  in  Western  New  York  and  in  the  great 
West.  His  father  was  of  German  descent  and 
was  born  in  Steuben  County.  His  mother 
was  of  New  England  origin.  His  boyhood 
was  uneventful,  and  until  arrived  at  man's 
estate,  he  remained  in  his  native  County. 
Early  in  1862  he  enlisted  in  the  One  Hundi-ed 
and  Forty-Eighth  Volunteer  Infantry  Regi- 
ment, serving  as  First  Sergeant  of  Company  B. 
At  the  end  of  18  mouths,  he  was  transferred  to 
the  Thirty-Eighth  Regiment  of  Colored  In- 
fantry Regulars,  was  commissioned  as  First 
Lieutenant  and  assigned  to  Company  F.  He 
took  part  in  all  of  the  engagements  of  his 
Regiments,  and  was  wounded  April  5,  1865,  at 
the  siege  of  Richmond,  and  is  now  in  receipt  of 
a  pension.  June  5,  1805,  he  was  mustered  out 
of  the  service.  Recuperated  from  the  effects  of 
his  service  in  the  field,  he  turned  his  eyes  to- 
ward the  West  in  1867,  and  after  prospecting 
awhile,  located  that  year  in  Toledo  and  entered 
the  Store  of  Roff  &  Co.,  the  Hardware  business 
already  having  been  his  choice.  He  remained 
with  that  firm  nine  years,  and  in  1876  he  made 
a  start  as  a  Hardware  merchant  on  his  own 
account.  His  progress,  though  steadily  on- 
ward, was  not  achieved  without  a  hard  fight. 
Whatever  he  has  won,  he  has  won  well  and 
deservedly,  and  it  is  of  course  to  him  an  abun- 
dant satisfaction  to  know  that  he  is  a  self-made 
man  in  the  strictest  meaning  of  the  word. 
His  first  partner  was  Frederick  Will,  who 
after  three  years,  was  succeeded  by  Albert 
Will.  In  April.  1886,  the  latter  retired.  The 
firm  is  now  R.  G.  Bacon  &  Co.,  George  P.  Metz- 
ger  being  a  partner.  Mr.  Bacon  is  Republican 
in  politics,  and  a  member  of  the  Episcopal 
Church.  He  is  identified  in  a  ])rominent  way 
with  various  civil  bodies,  including  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic,  tlie  Knights  of  the 
Golden  Rule,  the  A.  O.  U.  W.,  the  National 
Union,  and    the   Independent   Order   of  Odd 


768 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LDCAS  COUNTY. 


Fellows  (being  now  a  member  in  the  Toledo 
Lodge  402).  Mr.  Bacon  was  married  in  Toledo 
in  1872  to  Mr,s.  Nellie  Clark,  daughter  of 
James  Conorton,  one  of  the  leading  citizens  of 
Tecumseh,  Michigan.  His  father,  who  settled 
in  Portland,  Ionia  County,  Michigan,  in  1872, 
and  for  10  years  was  well  known  in  that  sec- 
tion as  a  prominent  and  prosperous  farmer, 
died  at  that  place  in  1882.  His  widow  still  re- 
sides there.  Mrs.  Bacon  was  born  at  West 
Farms,  Westchester  County,  New  York,  No- 
vember 1,  1846,  the  family  removing  to  Tecum- 
seh, Michigan,  in  1868.  She  has  been  identi- 
fied with  benevolent  work  in  Toledo  for  20 
years.  With  other  ladies,  she  was  instrumental 
in  securing  the  Bethel,  near  the  old  Union 
Eailroad  Depot,  Middle  Ground,  of  which  Eev. 
S.  M.  Beatty  was  long  the  Chaplain.  She  was 
a  charter  member  of  Forsyth  Eelief  Corps,  No. 
1;  has  just  entered  her  ninth  year  as  Chair- 
man of  the  Xenia  Home  for  Orphans  of  Soldiers 
and  Sailors,  devoting  much  time  to  that  ser- 
vice; and  has  been  a  member  of  the  Board  of 
Directors  of  the  Toledo  Humane  Society  from 
its  organization.  With  Mr.  Bacon  she  is  a 
member  ofTrinity  Protestant  Episcopal  Church, 
Toledo.  

NOTIONS  AND  FANCY  GOODS. 

In  a  Retail  way,  this  branch  of  trade  has  ex- 
isted in  Toledo  for  the  past  40  years.  In  1870 
were  the  following  houses:  L.  S.  Baumgardner 
&  Co.,  Black  &  Hoffman,  M.  Hunker,  O.  Schroe- 
ter,  and  Sherwood,  Barker  &  Co.  In  1887,  we 
find  L.  S.  Baumgardner  &  Co.,  Davis  Brothers, 
The  C.  L.  Luce  Company,  Otto  Schi-oeter,  and 
E.  C.  Shaw  &  Co.  in  Wbolesale  trade. 

The  firm  of  L.  S.  Baumgardner  &  Co.,  dealers 
in  Notions  and  Fancy  Goods,  was  organized 
and  began  business  in  Toledo  in  March,  1866, 
on  second  floor  of  78  Summit  Street.  The  firm 
consisted  of  L.  S.  Baumgardner,  B.  Berbower 
and  Dr.  T  H.  Baker,  all  citizens  of  Wooster, 
Ohio,  the  former  two  coming  to  Toledo  as  active 
partners,  and  the  latter  remaining  at  Wooster. 
The  parties  began  operations  under  special 
embai-rassments,  from  being  sti-angers  not  only 
to  the  people  with  whom  they  were  to  do  busi- 
ness, but  to  the  department  of  trade  in  which 
they  engaged.  January  1,  1868,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  securing  more  adequate  accommoda- 
tions, they  moved  into  the  block,  84  and  80 
Summit  Street,  when  E.  G.  Richards  became  a 
partner  of  the  firm,  and  the  firm  name  became 
Baumgardner,  Richards  &  Co.  The  next  year 
Mr.  Richards  retired,  and  the  firm  was  L.  S. 
Baumgardner  &  Co.  In  1869,  Dr.  Baker  died, 
his  interest  being  taken  by  Lyman  Robison. 
Mr.  Berbower's  health  failing,  he  was  suc- 
ceeded by  S.  M.  Owen,  who  remained  in  the 
house  for  five  years,  when  the  partnership  hav- 
ing expired  by  limitation,  Messrs.  Robison  and 


Owen  retired,  and  E.  B.  Robison  and  A.  T. 
Colburn,  successful  Salesmen,  became  partners. 
January  1,  1875,  Mi\  Colburn  withdrew,  to  be- 
come a  member  of  the  successful  house  of  Weed, 
Colburn  &  Co.  Edson  W.  Baumgardner  was 
admitted,  January  1,  1876,  when  the  firm  con- 
sisted of  L.  S.  and  E.  W.  Baumgardner  and  E. 
B.  Robison.  In  1880,  the  house  moved  from 
122  and  124  Summit  Street,  to  the  corner  store 
of  Hall  Block  {St.  Clair  and  Jefferson  Streets), 
where  it  remained  until  that  building  was 
burned,  December  15,  1882.  The  firm  then  lost 
nearly  all  of  its  stock  ;  but  the  good  fortune  of 
an  insurance  nearly  covered  the  loss.  E.  B. 
Robison  then  retii'ed  and  went  to  Kansas  City, 
Missouri,  where  he  is  yet  in  business.  The 
firm  was  reorganized  and  business  continued 
by  L.  S.  and  E.  W.  Baumgardner,  the  present 
members,  and  the  store  118  Summit  Street  taken , 
a  new  stock  at  once  provided,  and  business  re- 
opened within  .30  days  of  the  fire.  January  1, 
1885,  the  store  was  removed  to  its  present  loca- 
tion, 114  and  116  Summit  Street.  From  the 
first,  this  house  has  been  with  the  foremost  in 
Toledo,  in  financial  standing  and  public  con- 
fidence. 


LEANDEB  SOLOMON  BAUMGARDNER, 
a  Merchant  of  Toledo,  was  born  in  East  Union 
Township,  Wayne  County,  Ohio,  February  10, 
1832.  Peter  Baumgardner,  the  father,  was  a 
native  of  Baden-Baden,  Germany,  coming  to 
the  United  States  in  1812,  when  he  was  14 
years  of  age.  He  was  married  with  Catharine 
Heller,  a  native  of  Hellerston,  Pennsj'lvania, 
and  also  of  German  descent.  The  couple  came 
to  Ohio  in  1830,  settling  in  Wayne  County. 
When  but  10  3-ear8  of  age,  Leander  was  "  bound 
out "  to  a  farmer,  a  provision  of  the  contract 
being,  that  the  boy  should  attend  School  during 
each  Winter  of  his  indenture — an  agreement 
which  was  not  made  good.  In  spite  of  such 
denial  of  educational  privileges,  however, 
Leander  so  well  improved  the  limited  opportu- 
nities available,  that  before  reaching  his  major- 
ity, he  was  himself  qualified  to  teach  School, 
which  he  did  for  two  seasons.  He  remained 
in  farm  work  until  his  22d  year,  when,  j'ielding 
to  a  sti'ong  desire  for  mercantile  life,  he  united 
with  his  older  brothers,  J.  H.  and  T.  P.  Baum- 
gardner, forming  the  firm  of  J.  H.  Baumgardner 
&  Co.,  which  opened  a  store  for  the  sale  of 
drugs,  stationery,  musical  instruments,  etc.,  at 
Wooster,  in  1854.  So  successful  was  this  ven- 
ture, that  within  three  years  the  firm  resolved 
to  provide  a  building  for  their  special  use,  and 
proceeded  to  erect  the  "  Arcadome  Building," 
with  a  public  hall  in  the  upper  story,  which 
supplied  the  first  accommodations  of  the  kind 
in  Wooster.  Here  the  firm  published  a  news- 
paper, mainly  as  a  medium  for  their  own  ad- 
vertising, the  editorial    chai'ge   of  which    was 


v^^^-?  ia^y7 


I 


TRADERS  AND  MERCHANTS. 


769 


with  L.  S.  and  J.  H.  Baumgardner.  Tlie  for- 
mer of  these  took  part  in  organizing  the  Woos- 
ter  Library  Association,  a  successful  and  useful 
institution.  In  1865,  Mr.  Baumgardner  dis- 
jjosed  of  liis  interest  in  tlie  store,  and  for  a  year 
was  on  a  farm  which  lie  had  purchased  at  Cuy- 
ahoga Falls,  Summit  County.  Not  satisfietl 
with  such  life,  in  186(j  he  came  to  Toledo, 
and  founded  the  firm  of  L.  S.  Baumgardner  c*t 
Co.,  lor  wholesale  trade  in  notions,  gents'  fui-- 
nishing  goods,  etc.  The  success  of  this  arrange- 
ment was  assured  from  the  start,  and  its  busi- 
ness has  steadily  grown,  until  it  has  reached 
tlie  large  annual  aggregate  of  $400,000.  The 
present  tirm  is  composed  of  Mr.  Baumgardner 
and  his  nejjhew,  Edson  W.  Baumgardner.  Be- 
ginning life,  as  already  shown,  without  the 
most  ordinary  advantages  of  the  farmers' sons, 
by  the  sheer  force  of'an  indomitable  will  guid- 
ing and  sustaining  the  practice  of  industry, 
encrg}',  economy,  and  the  strictest  integrity, 
Mr.  Baumgardner  has  been  enabled  to  estab- 
lish himself  in  the  front  rank  of  mercantile  men 
of  Toledo  and  Northwestern  Ohio,  while  en- 
joying a  liberal  accumulation  of  honest  gains, 
as  the  just  fruits  of  active  and  judicious  man- 
agement. While  thus  watchful  and  devoted  in 
the  pursuit  of  life's  business,  he  has  been  by  no 
means  indifferent  to  or  neglectful  of  the  claims 
which  every  community  have  upon  the  citizen  ; 
but  has  at  all  times  promptly  recognized  what- 
ever call  his  fellow-citizens  might  make  for  his 
best  counsel  and  active  help.  As  a  leading  or- 
ganizer and  the  first  President  of  the  Tri-State 
Fair  As.9ociation,  in  1876,  he  contributed  largely 
to  the  exceptional  success  which  has  marked 
the  history  of  that  enterprise,  which,  without 
working  capital,  during  the  seven  years  of  Mr. 
Baiimgardner's  service  as  President  of  the  As- 
sociation, took  in  over  $260,000,  paid  larger 
premiums  and  larger  dividends  on  its  stock 
tlian  any  other  similar  institution  in  the  coun- 
try, at  the  same  time  accumulating  permanent 
improvements  to  the  amount  of  SGO,000,without 
indebtedness  of  any  sort.  Mr.  Baumgardtier 
was  active  and  effective  in  the  organization  of 
the  Merchants'  and  Manufacturers'  Exchange, 
which  for  several  years  bore  a  prominent  and 
useful  part  in  the  promotion  of  the  mercantile 
and  industrial  interests  of  Toledo.  From  his 
early  residence  here,  he  has  been  identified 
largely  with  whatever  concerned  the  religious, 
moral,  educational  or  material  well-being  of  the 
City — never  hesitating  or  stopping  to  consider 
personal  ease  or  personal  popularity,  when 
duty  seemed  to  call.  In  political  affairs,  he  has 
acted  with  the  Eepublican  party,  in  whose 
councils  he  has  been  potential  for  the  prevalence 
of  the  policy  and  aim  of  patriotism  and  purity. 
In  1879,  he  was  the  candidate  of  his  party  for 
Mayor  of  Toledo,  being  defeated  with  his  asso- 
ciate nominees,  though  receiving  the  compli- 
ment of  the  support  of  many  political  opponents; 


at  the  same  time  losing  many  votes,  in  conse- 
quence of  his  known  earnest  and  consistent 
reeoi'd  in  opposition  to  what  was  known  as  the 
saloon  or  lifjuor  interest.  In  18H0,  he  was  a 
prominent  candidate  for  nomination  as  the  Re- 
publican candidate  lor  Congress,  J.  M.  Ilitchie 
being  the  nominee.  After  the  organization  of 
the  Citizens'  Electric  Light  Comjjany,  and  the 
embarrassed  condition  of  the  same,  Mr.  Baum- 
gardner was  called  to  its  management  as  Pres- 
ident, and  succeeded  in  securinga  combination 
of  the  United  States,  Brush  and  Thom])son- 
Houston  Companies  under  one  organization, 
with  a  capital  stock  of  $150,000,  of  which  he 
became  and  still  is  the  President.  This  Com- 
panj-,  at  the  present  writing,  is  a  competitor 
for  a  contract  for  lighting  the  City  of  Toledo, 
with  reasonable  certainty,  that  if  not  successful 
in  that  purpose,  it  will  at  least  serve  the  people 
of  Toledo  in  securinii;  very  material  reduction 
in  the  cost  of  gas.  Mr.  Baumgardner  is  a  Di- 
rector in  the  Great  Western  Pin  Company- at 
Toledo, which  he  helped  to  organize;  and  Presi- 
dentand  Treasurer  of  the  Toledo  Cotand  Wring- 
er Co.,  which  is  doing  a  large  business  in  its 
line.  He  is  largely  interested  in  the  develop- 
ment of  valuable  real  estate  within  the  City. 
Asa  member  of  the  Board  of  Equalization,  he 
has  done  much  toward  the  establishment  of 
more  just  and  equitable  rules  and  standards  for 
the  taxable  valuation  of  City  property.  He  is 
a  member  of  Trinity  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church,  iind  of  the  Vestry  of  the  same,  and  also 
President  of  Trinity  Library'  Association,  a 
helpful  aid  in  the  prosecution  of  the  work  of 
that  Church.  For  several  years  past  be  has 
been  an  Odd  Fellow,  and  a  member  of  the  Le- 
gion of  Honor,  and  Royal  Arcanum.  April  25, 
1858,  Mr.  Baumgardner  was  married  with  Miss 
Matilda  E.  Miller,  daughter  of  David  Miller,  of 
Akron,  Ohio.  Mrs.  Baumgardner  has  ever 
borne  a  leading  and  most  useful  part  in  not 
only  the  religious  work  other  Church,  but  in 
the  dispensation  of  true  charity  and  aid  to  the 
needy  of  the  communitj',  especially  in  the 
management  of  the  Protestaut  Orphans'  Home 
and  of  the  Protestant  Hospital. 


BOOKS  AND  STATIONERY. 

The  first  store  for  the  sale  of  Books  and 
Stationery,  of  which  record  is  found,  is  that  of 
Erastus  Boys  &  Co.  in  1838.  Previously  a  few 
School  books,  with  paper,  quills  and  ink,  had 
been  kept  by  merchants.  The  stock  of  the 
firm  named  would  make  a  poor  showing  in  the 
presenceof  a  Book  and  Stationery  establishment 
of  the  present  day.  In  early  times  most  of 
the  quills  used  were  obtained  directly  from  the 
goose,  while  much  of  the  ink  was  a  decoction 
of  barks  of  trees. 

In  1840  H.  N.  Wadswoi-th  had  a  Book  Store 
in  "  Lower  Town,"  and  in    1841    Fairbanks  & 


770 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Blaucbaril  (Publishers  of  the  Blade)  were  to 
some  extent  in  the  trade.  For  manj-  years, 
beginning  about  1843,  Decius  Wadsworth  was 
the  most  prominent  dealer  in  this  line.  After- 
wards came  D.  H.  Nye,  Nye  &  Johnson,  Nye 
Brothers,  R.  Chadwick,  Anderson  &  Fuller, 
Edwin  Jackson,  N.  M.  Landis,  "W.  S.  Dodd, 
and  others. 

In  June,  1858,  a  young  man  from  Newark, 
New  Jer.sey,  reached  Toledo,  in  search  of  a 
location  for  his  business  life.  Alter  careful 
examination,  he  concluded  to  make  his  venture 
hci'c;  and  with  a  cousin,  then  a  Telegraph 
Operator  at  Man.stield,  Ohio,  it  was  arranged 
that  a  "News  Depot"  for  the  sale  of  news- 
piapers,  periodicals  and  stationer}-,  be  establish- 
ed, the  first  of  the  kind  in  the  City.  Where- 
upon, was  formed  the  firm  of  Brown  &  Bald- 
win, the  partners  being  Theodore  J.  Brown 
and  George  W.  Baldwin.  By  the  terms  of 
their  contract,  they  were  to  contribute,  in  cash 
or  goods,  equally  to  the  capital  stock;  it  being 
provided  that  in  consitleration  that  Mr.  Brown 
"  personally  superintend  the  store,"  he  be 
allowed  S4.00  per  week  for  such  service — both, 
at  the  same  time,  agreeing  "  to  go  into  no 
speculation  whatever,  without  the  consent  of 
the  other."  The  i:ii-emise8  occupied  were  in 
what  was  long  known  as  "  California  Row  " — 
consisting  of  small  wooden  buildings  on  the 
North  side  of  Summit  Street,  and  extending 
East  from  Adams.  The  building  was  of  one 
story,  and  about  12x15  feet  in  size,  the  new 
firm  occupying  one-half  the  .same,  for  which 
was  paid  a  weekl\  rent  of  S2.00.  Thus 
arranged,  business  was  commenced  July  1, 
1858,  with  Mr.  Brown  as  "  managing  partner." 
Even  then,  the  acquaintances  made  had  given 
encouragement  to  tlie  proprietors  to  hope  foi 
a  favorable  reception.  From  the  start,  a  care- 
ful record  of  business  affairs  was  kept.  From 
this,  it  is  shown  that  the  firm  started  out  with 
capital  stock  as  follows  :  From  Mr.  Brown,  in 
goods,  $14.78  ;  and  in  cash,  $8.78.  Prom  Mr. 
Baldwin,  mainly  ingoods,  $57.96— total, $81. 52. 
The  first  week's  trade  amounted  to  $4.75;  the 
second  week,  to  $10  36;  the  third  week,  to 
$15.55;  and  the  fourth,  to  $18.54— making  a 
total  of  $55.31  for  July.  In  August,  this  was 
increased  to  $84.05  ;  the  total  for  the  first  six 
months  amounting  to  $711.66.  After  a  few 
weeks,  the  owner  of  the  premises  became 
so  impressed  with  the  success  of  his  tenants, 
that  he  concluded  to  oust  them  and  establish 
himself  there  in  the  same  business,  when  they 
purchased  of  J.  W.  Walterhouse  a  frame  build- 
ing, about  16x16  feet  in  size,  then  standing  on 
Water  Street,  and  formerly  the  ticket  office 
of  the  Michigan  Southern  (now  Lake  Shore) 
Railroad,  for  which  $25.00  was  paid  in  install- 
ments. This  was  removed  to  219  Summit 
Street  (now  White's  Hall),  where  it  remained 
until  1860,  when  it  was   removed  to  a  place 


a  few  feet  East  of  their  original  location,  on 
grounds  belonging  to  Rev.  Dr.  H.  B.  Wal- 
bridge.  About  this  time  Mr.  Baldwin,  who 
still  resided  at  Mansfield,  disposed  of  his  interest 
to  Mr.  J.  F.  Patton,  who  held  the  same  until 
November,  1861,  when  Mr.  Brown  became  sole 
proprietor.  The  business  continuing  to  ex- 
tend, more  ample  accommodations  were  requir- 
ed, and  the  store  was  removed  to  213  Summit 
Street,  using  one-half  the  room.  In  1863,  an- 
other removal  took  place — to  167  Summit 
Street,  a  new  building  erected  by  H.  S.  Wal- 
bridge.  In  1869,  Mr.  Brown  purchased  the 
store  building,  165  Summit  Street,  which  after- 
wards was  enlarged  and  improved,  including 
the  addition  of  two  stories,  with  basement. 
About  this  time,  Mr.  George  B.  Hull,  for 
several  years  employed  in  the  store,  was  given 
a  partnership,  the  firm  becoming  T.  J.  Brown 
&  Co.  In  1873,  Mr.  Wm.  H.  Eager,  forraerlj-  of 
Bailey  &  Eager,  Booksellers,  became  a  partner, 
the  firm  then  becoming  T.  J.  Brown,  Eager  & 
Co.,  and  subsequentl}-,  as  now.  Brown,  Eager  & 
Hull.  The  trade  of  the  hou.se  soon  demanded 
more  ample  quarters,  and  in  1882  an  arrange- 
ment was  made  with  V.  H.  Ketcham  and  Mars 
Nearing  for  the  erection  of  the  four-storv  brick 
building,  40x114  feet,  197  and  199  Summit 
Street,  including  the  identical  spot  to  which 
Mr.  Brown  removed  his  little  frame  structure 
in  1860.  This  building  was  planned  with 
special  reference  to  the  demands  of  the  ti'ade, 
and  in  all  its  apjiointments,  is  a  model  in  ele- 
gance and  convenience,  thefirst  floor  being  de- 
voted to  retail  business  ;  the  second  to  jobbing 
books  and  stationery;  and  the  third  and  fourth 
to  wall  paper,  storage,  etc.  From  the  first,  the 
business  ol  the  establishment  had  a  growth  of 
rare  healthfulness  and  uniformity,  as  the  fol- 
lowing statement  of  sales  for  tiie  periods 
named  will  show  :  1858(6  months),  $711.66; 
1860,  $6,436.09;  1865,  $36,556.26;  1870,  $69,- 
881.72;  1875,  $117,810.49;  1880,  $183,061.40; 
1887,  $300,000.  For  the  first  three  months  the 
"managing  partner"  was  able,  not  only  to 
perform  the  entire  inside  work  of  the  estab- 
lisiiinent,  but  to  saw  the  wood  and  care  lor  the 
fires,  and  also  to  deliver  dailj*  papers  to  sub- 
scribers on  regular  routes.  Besides  the  three 
partners,  there  are  now  30  employes,  not  far 
from  100  persons  receiving  their  support  from 
the  establishment.  In  extent  of  trade,  it  is  not 
exceeded  by  any  other  house  in  the  State, 
while  its  financial  standing  and  its  reputation 
with  customers  are  second  to  none.  To  a  great 
degree,  the  Bookseller  is  a  public  educator, 
reachingall  classes  of  readers.  It  isbut  just  to 
say,  that  the  responsibility  thus  devolved  has 
never  been  lost  sight  of  in  the  conscientious 
management  of  this  house.  The  degree  of 
watchful  vigilance  shown  against  the  flood- 
tide  of  vicious  literature,  constitutes  a  fea- 
ture  of  its   trade  entitled  to  special  recogni- 


^>-7^^>^l^. 


TRADERS  AND  MERCHANTS. 


771 


tion,  and  worthj-  the  emulation   of  tlie   trade 
in  general. 

THEODORE  J.  BROWN  was  born  at  New- 
ark, New  Jersey,  February  5,  1837,  and  is  a 
son  of  Daniel  B.  and  Elizabeth  Brown.  His 
father  was  a  manufacturer  of  patent  leather. 
He  died  when  the  son  was  12  year.s  old.  The 
latter  remembers  assisting  in  the  factory.  His 
educational  advantages  were  very  limited,  he 
having  been  compelled  at  the  age  of  14  3  ears 
to  take  care  of  himself,  then  entering  upon  a 
seven-years  apprenticeship  at  the  Jeweler's 
tratle,  extending  until  his  majority,  his  wages 
being  $2.25  per  week,  with  an  allowance  of 
$25.00  per  year  for  clothing.  On  such  income 
he  was  able  to  paj-  his  board,  clothe  himself 
and  accumulate  a  capital  of  $300,  for  the  busi- 
ness which  he  established  at  Toledo.  Upon 
the  close  of  his  apprenticeship,  it  was  found 
that  from  the  consideration  of  health,  it  would 
be  necessary  for  him  to  have  more  physical 
exercise  than  the  Jeweler's  trade  would  allow. 
At  the  time,  this  was  felt  to  be  severe,  but  he 
now  regards  the  value  of  industry  and  disci 
pline  thus  secured,  as  a  rich  reward  for  all  such 
tabor.  With  this,  he  had  the  aid  of  parental 
reliijious  instruction  and  examplesin  childhood, 
leading  to  an  early  acceptance  of  the  Chris- 
tian faith.  He  attributes  his  business  success 
largely  to  economy  in  expenditure,  buying  no 
more  than  he  could  expect  to  pay  for  when 
bills  became  due,  and  to  hard,  persistent  work, 
and  carefully  w  atching  his  business  in  all  its 
details — especiallj^  in  the  so-called  "  little 
things."  His  mother  was  with  him  for  two 
years  from  1863,  then  returning  to  Newark, 
where  she  died  suddenly  in  October,  1887,  in 
her  78th  year,  and  after  a  widowhood  of  38 
years,  much  of  which  period  was  sjient  in  the 
support  and  care  of  her  children,  of  whom, 
beside  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  a  brother, 
Josiah  ;  and  a  sister,  Cornelia,  are  now  living. 
With  all  his  incessant  business  cares,  Mr. 
Brown  has  never  forgotten  the  common  obli- 
gations of  men  to  their  fellows.  Whatever  has 
concerned  thfe  moral  or  material  welfare  of  his 
neighbors,  has  received  his  attention  and  aid. 
Whetherin religious,  social, political  or  business 
affairs,  he  has  always  had  a  voice  and  a  hand  in 
support  of  the  right.  From  his  youth  a  Republi- 
can in  politics,  he  has  been  among  the  most 
active  in  support  of  that  party's  organization, 
but  never  an  oflEice-holder  or  an  office-seeker. 
Uniting  in  youth  with  the  Presbyterian  Church, 
at  Newark,  he  translerred  such  connection  to 
First  Congregational  Church,  on  coming  to 
Toledo,  retaining  the  same  until  the  organiza- 
tion of  Westminster  Presbyterian  Church,  in 
18(!5,  of  which  he  was  one  of  the  original 
members.  Not  long  after  the  institution  of 
that  Church,  he  was  chosen  as  one  of  its 
Ruling  Elders,  which  office  he  yet  holds. 
In  1865  Mr.   Brown  was  married    at  Toledo, 


with  Miss  Eliza  L.,  youngest  daughter  of  the 
late  Dr.  Geo.  L.  Weed,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 


TAILORING. 


As  in  the  cases  of  all  othei- communities,  pi-o- 
vision  for  the  clothing  of  the  male  portion  of 
.settlers  was  not  overlooked  at  tiic  mouth  of 
Swan  Creek,  although,  from  the  nature  of  the 
ca.se,  demands  in  that  direction  were  at  first 
not  large.  Among  the  very  earliest  workers 
in  that  line  in  the  Maumee  Valley  (the  Squaws 
of  the  aborigines  excepted),  was  Mrs.  John  T. 
Baldwin,  who  \\orked  at  tailoring  at  Orleans 
(Fort  Meigs)  as  early  as  1818,  her  ])rices,  as 
elsewhere  shown,  having  been,  for  making 
woolen  pants,  $1.50;  for  linen  or  tow  pants, 
$0.50;  for  fine  shirts,  $1.01)  each.  The  extent 
of  her  business  in  this  line  is  not  stated;  but 
it  could  not  have  been  large  in  a  field  so  small. 
It  is  not  understood,  that,  upon  the  return  of 
the  family  and  settlement  at  Port  Lawrence, 
in  1823,  Mrs.  Baldwin  paid  much  attention  to 
such  employment,  which  soon  passed  into  the 
hands  of  the  sex  more  specially  interested  there- 
in ;  but  it  is  doubtful  if  better  work  was  done 
by  her  successors,  whatever  may  be  said  of  its 
advance  a  la  mode. 

The  first  record  found  of  a  Tailorshop  in 
Lucas  County,  is  that*of"  Sinclair  ct  Wilkeson, 
directly  over  the  store  of  S.  L.  &  M.  L.  Collins, 
Tremainesville,"  under  date  of  March  12,1835. 
At  that  time  Toledo  may  have  had  a 
Tailor,  but  the  G-azette's  advertising  columns 
record  none,  save  the  shop  named.  In  1837, 
however,  we  find  >Siiell  &  Cornell,  in  St.  Clair 
Street,  "Upper  Toledo,"  and  B.  Jacobs,  Sum- 
mit Street,  "Lower  Toledo,''  in  that  line,  with 
F.  Lyon  k  Co.'s  Clothing  Store,  Monroe  Street, 
"Upper  Toledo, "and  V.  H.  Ketcham's  (Mothing 
Store,  St.  Clair  Street,  "  Lower  Toledo." 
This  showed  a  marked  advance  for  the 
young  City.  In  1838,  V.  H.  Ketcbam  and 
Levi  Snell  were  in  the  business,  being  suc- 
ceeded in  1839  by  S.  S.  &  Y.  H.  Ketcham,  Mr. 
Snell  opening  a  separate  shop.  In  1844  Thomas 
&  Schwartz  appear  with  Ready-made  Clothing, 
with  others,  from  year  to  year,  drojjping  in 
and  dropping  out.  In  1849  the  firm  of  Granger 
&  Brother  entered  the  field,  which  has  not  y&i 
been  surrendered.  In  1860  were  B.  J.  Gitskj- 
and  Moses  Gitsky  (yet  in  business  or  repre- 
sented), Jacob  and  Lehman  Kraus,  Jacob 
Roemer,Henrj'  Thorner,A.  Tuey\'  Co.,Gustav. 
Goldsmith,  Louis  Wachenheimer  and  Theo. 
Wegener,  and  Christ.  Woehler.  In  1861  came 
Chauncej'  H.  Buck,  who  is  yet  in  trade.  In 
1870  there  were  17  Tailoring  establishments, 
including  Kraus  k  Daiber,  A.  i\Iachen  &  Co., 
Richards  i*t  Salisbury,  J.  Stutz,  John  Mc- 
Kenna,  Buck  &  Bliss,  C.  B.  Eells,  and  V^  W. 
Granger  &  Co.  and  others.  The  Directory  of 
1887  notes  18  Tailors  and  20  Clothing  estab- 
lishments— 38  in  all. 


772 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


VOLBNTINE  "WHITMAN  GRANGER.  The 
subject  of  this  sketcli  lias  long  been  recognized 
as  the  leading  Merchant  Tailor,  not  only  of 
Toledo, but  of  North  westeru  Ohio,  a  position  his 
knowledge  of  the  business  and  high  mercan- 
tile qualifications  justlj-  entitle  him  to.  Mr. 
Gi-anger  was  born  in  Coventry,  Portage  County, 
Ohio,  February  25th,  1826.  Hi.s  elementary 
education  was  received  at  the  Common  Schools 
of  Middlebui-y,  near  Akron,  Ohio.  Fntil  his 
twelfth  year,  he  remained  with  his  parents, 
after  which  he  commenced  to  learn  the  Tailor's 
trade  under  the  directions  of  an  elder  brother, 
with  whom  he  was  connected  about  five  years. 
In  1845,  to  further  perfect  his  knowledge  of 
the  various  branches  of  his  calling,  he  went  to 
New  York  City.  Such  purjjose  accomplished, 
he  removed  to  Akron,  Ohio,  and  in  connec- 
tion with  his  brother,  a.ssisted  by  friends  who 
had  every  confidence  in  his  ability  to  succeed, 
he  established  himself  in  business,  in  connec- 
tion with  a  brother,  Joseph  A.  Granger.  In  the 
spring  of  1849,  shortlj^  after  his  marriage,  they 
removed  to  Toledo,  and  began  business  under 
the  firm  name  of  Granger  &  Brother.  This 
partnership,  after  a  successful  jjeriod  of  13 
j'ears,  was  dissolved  in  1862,  when  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch  purchased  his  brother's 
interest  in  the  business,  and  has  since  con- 
ducted it  alone  with  marked  success.  Few 
Tailors  in  the  State  stand  as  high  in  his  line 
as  does  Mr.  Granger,  while  he  is  recognized  bv 
those  who  know  him  as  possessing  all  the  quali- 
ties which  distinguish  a  useful  citizen  and  an 
enterprising,  reliable  merchant.  Duriu'r  the 
Rebellion  he  was  ever  a  firm  friend  of  the  Union 
cause,  and  took  an  active  interest  in  all  that 
pertained  to  the  preservation  of  the  National 
Government,  as  with  e([ua\  devotion  to  liberty 
and  love  of  countrv  his  ancestors  fought  dur- 
ing the  Eevolution.  Politically,  Mr.  Granger 
was  originally  a  Whig,  but  is  now  a  Republi- 
can and  a  firm  believer  in  the  princi])los  and 
an  ardent  admirer  of  the  record  of  that  party 
on  all  questions  of  National  .significance.  Upon 
general  issues,  he  gives  it  his  best  and  strongest 
support;  but  in  local  matters  he  believes  in 
honest  and  economical  government,  and  inva- 
riably supports  such  men  and  measures  as 
promise  to  secure  it,  regardless  of  partv  lines 
or  political  afliliations.  In  all  that  pertains  to 
Toledo's  prosperity,  Mr.  Granger  is  a  ready 
assistant.  He  believes  in  the  cominii  great- 
ness of  her  commercial  interests.  Here  the 
accumulations  of  his  judicious  business 
career  are  invested,  and  with  the  Ciiy's  ad- 
vancement he  is  thoroughly  identified.  Socially, 
he  is  an  affable  and  plea^sant  gentleman,  and 
enjoys  the  respect  and  esteem  of  Toledo's  best 
citizens.  In  private  life  be  is  the  courteous 
and  cultivated  gentleman  of  refined,  cordial 
and  unassuming  manners.  Mr.  Granger  was 
married  in  1849  with  Emeline  F.  Dodge, 
daughter  of  Nathan  Brown  Dodge,  of  Akron, 


Ohio.  The  issue  of  this  union  has  been  two 
daughtersand  one  son — Marj^E.,  born  July  13, 
1850,  married  with  J.  B.  Ketcham  2d,  January 
8,  1874,  and  died  September  23,  1876;  Clara 
Rathboue,  born  August  25,  1852,  married  with 
Rowland  Starr,  January  12,  1876;  and  "V den- 
tine W.  Jr.,  born  September  30,  1855,  married 
October  25,  1881,  with  :Mi8s  Lottie  Tracy. 

LUMBER  TRADE. 

The  first  Saw-Mill  within  the  present  limits 
of  Toledo,  was  built  in  1831,  by  Ezra  Goodale 
and  Oliver  Stevens,  and  located  on  Swan  Creek, 
at  the  point  where  the  Maumee  and  Monroe 
road  (now  Detroit  Avenue)  crossed  that  stream. 
At  one  time  the  Geauga  Furnace  Company 
constructed  a  lock  in  the  dam  connected  with 
the  Mill,  for  the  passage  of  boats  loaded  with 
iron  ore,  to  be  brought  from  mines  further 
up  the  Creek,  but  which  never  was  found  in 
quantities  anticipated.  The  Mill  was  of  ma- 
terial service  to  the  scattered  settlers  at  that 
time. 

In  1834  Edward  Bi.ssell  built  a  Saw-Mill  to 
be  run  by  Steam.  It  was  located  on  Summit 
Street,  between  Elm  and  Chestnut. 

About  1836,  Charles  V.  Jennison.  yet  living 
in  East  Toledo,  built  a  Steam  Saw-Mill  in 
Oregon,  on  land  now  owned  by  Luther  Whit- 
more,  and  ran  it  for  a  number  of  years.  At 
this  mill  was  furnished  the  sawed  lumber  for 
the  first  bridge  across  the  River  at  Maumee. 

About  1838,  Frederick  Prentice  built  a 
Steam  Saw-Mill  on  the  East  side  of  the  River, 
below  what  is  now  Bridge  Street,  which,  with 
his  other  enterprises,  he  operated  for  several 
years. 

In  January,  1851,  H.  B.  Hall  and  David 
Smith  established  a  Saw-Mill  and  lumber  yard 
on  the  East  side  of  the  River  at  Toledo,  where 
it  I'emained  for  several  jears,  when  it  was  re- 
moved to  the  West  side,  near  Cherry  Street, 
the  present  site  of  the  establishment.  Mr. 
Hall  withdrew  from  the  firm  in  1865,  Mr. 
Smith,  with  different  partners,  continuing  the 
business  until  his  death  in  1876,  since  which 
time  it  has  been  managed  by  his  sons,  Wm.  H. 
H.  and  Howard  M.  Smith. 

The  earliest  advertisement  found  of  a  Lum- 
ber Dealei'  in  Toledo,  is  that  of  Coleman  I. 
Keeler,  iu  March,  1835.  Others  followed.  In 
November,  1840,  Joel  W.  Kelsey  advertised  "  a 
large  quantity  of  seasoned  Pine  Lumber  of  all 
kinds,  on  the  wharf,  just  above  A.  Palmer  & 
Co.'s  Warehouse,  Upper  Toledo."  For  par- 
ticulars, enquiry  was  to  be  made  of  Richard 
Mott  or  John  P.  Freeman. 

The  first  City  Directory  (for  1858)  contained 
the  names  of  nine  houses  dealing  in  Lumber, 
viz.:  T.  J.  Bodley,  Curtis  &  Thomas,  Kelsej- 
&  Lawton,  J.  N.  Halliday,  Wm.  B.  Judson,  C. 
H.  Walbridge  &  Co.,  Nathan  Reeve,  and  Wal- 
terhouse,  Moulton  &^Co. 


4 

I 


-y     ■tKC!L!!,pbt:]'..!ly: 


ML 


Co, 


TRADERS  AND  MERCHANTS. 


773 


In  1887,  there  were  28  Lumber  Dealers, viz.  : 

R.  E.  Ailains,  Barbour  &  Starr,  Bowman  \-  Lap- 
man,  Clarke  &  Terhuiie,  Curtis  &  Brainanl,  II.  H. 
Gibson,  Goult't  Manufacturing  (!o.,  G.  \V.  Hubliard, 
R.  M.  Hubbard,  Edwin  Jacoby,  J.  B.  KcUcy,  Kt'lsoy 
&  Freeman,  Lawton  Bros.,  J.  K.  MeGlone,  Maclaren 
&  Sprague,  James  Mason,  Mitcliell  &  Rowland  Lum- 
ber Co.,  Wm.  Peter,  J.  V.  Sanfieet,  W.  H.  H.  Smith 
&  Co.,  Napoleon  Stamant  H.  C.  Wason  &  Co.,  West- 
ern Manufacturing  Co.,  Whitney  &  Tracy,  Witker 
Manufacturing  Co.,  Woodruff  &  Norton,  Young  & 
Miller. 

In  the  winter  of  IS65-6,  Jetliro  Mitchell  and 
Thomas  0.  Rowhmd,  of  Cincinnati,  purchased 
40  acres  of  land  on  the  Kiver  above  the  Lake 
Shore  Railroad  bridge,  vpith  2,500  feet  of  water 
front,  for  the  purpose  of  locating  a  Lumber 
Yard  and  Saw  Mills.  The  Company  was  in- 
corporated March  S,  1867,  with  Jethro  Mitchell 
as  President ;  J.  G.  Mitchell. as  Secretary  ;  and 
Thomas  C.  Rowland  as  Treasurer.  The  ofH- 
cers  for  1S87  were;  President,  T.  C.  Row- 
land; Treasurer,  Jethro  G.  Mitchell;  Secre- 
tary, Edward  Mitchell.  Their  fir.st  Mill 
was  erected  in  1867,  and  was  subsequently 
destroyed  by  tire.  The  Company  have  erected 
three  different  Mills  on  their  premises,  and 
during  the  20  years  in  which  they  have  been 
engaged  in  business,  have  built  up  one  of  the 
largest  and  most  prosperous  lumber  establish- 
ments in  Northwestern  Ohio.  Their  pay  roll 
is  exceeded  by  only  one  other  establishment  in 
Toledo — the  Milbiirn  Wagon  Works.  The 
Lumber  Yard  and  Mills  of  this  tlompany  are 
located  between  the  Railroads  and  the  River 
(foot  of  Sumner  Street). 


AARON  L.  KELSEY  was  born  in  Guillbrd, 
Maine,  July  12,  1823.  He  comes  of  New  Eng- 
land stock  and  Irish  ancestry.  His  grand- 
father (Joseph  Kelsey)  emigrated  from  Ireland 
when  a  young  man  and  settled  in  Massachu- 
setts. He  carried  a  musket  in  the  Federal 
Army  seven  years  during  the  American  Revo- 
lution, and  at  the  close  of  that  war  followed 
the  pursuits  of  a  husbandman  in  the  Town  of 
Shirle}',  Massachusetts,  until  liis  death.  One 
of  his  sons  (Joseph)  moved  to  the  State  of 
Maine  about  the  year  1800,  and  up  to  1812  was 
largely  engaged  in  shipping.  During  the  war 
of  1812-15,  British  cruisers  captured  his  Ves- 
sels. To  recuperate  his  fortune,  he  penetrated 
the  interior  of  the  State  to  Guilford  and 
became  a  hardy  iiioneer.  He  cleared  a  farm, 
rapidlj'  regained  his  wealth,  and  soon  rose  to 
prominence  in  that  locality.  For  fully  HO 
years  he  occupied  a  seat  in  the  Maine  Legis- 
lature and  assisted  in  framing  the  State  Con- 
stitution of  1820.  He  died  in  Guilford,  Maine, 
in  1861.  Of  his  nine  children  three  are  now 
living.  Two  of  the  sons  are  Aaron  L.  and  Joel 
W.  of  Toledo.  Aaron  received  a  thorough 
education,  and  having  perfected  himself  in  the 


study  of  surveying  was  appointed  (at  the  age 
of  10)  a  Government  Surveyor,  and  in  1843 
was  sent  out  to  assist  in  running  the  National 
boundary  line  established  under  the  Webster- 
Ashbui'lon  treaty.  He  remaineil  in  the  wil- 
derness on  that  mission  lor  three  years,  and 
had  an  experience  full  of  adventure  and  inter- 
est. In  1S50  he  concluded  to  remove  to  the 
West,  and  in  June,  1850,  became  a  citizen  of 
Toledo.  For  six  years  ho  was  identified  with 
the  interests  of  Lake  navigation,  and  in  1856, 
in  partnership  with  Nathan  Reeve,  established 
himself  in  the  Lumber  business  in  Toledo. 
He  was  one  of  the  earliest  Lumber  merchants 
there,  finding  in  the  trade  but  three  firms,  Cur- 
tis &  Thomas,  Hathaway  k  llaymon<l,  and  H. 
B.  Hall  it  Co.  From  1856  to  1S86,  he  steadily 
held  to  the  same  ))ursuit  and  through  all  the 
gradations  and  changes  in  Toledo's  Lumber 
interests,  from  one  of  trifling  importance  to  the 
present  large  proportions.  Thirty  years  in 
active  labor,  earned  him  the  right  to  rest, 
and  in  1S86  he  retired  to  private  life,  leaving 
his  son  (H.  Reeve  Kelsey)  as  his  business 
successor.  Mr.  Kelsey  has  been  among 
the  foremost  citizens  in  public  spirit,  ready 
to  co-operate  in  whatever  promised  the 
public  welfixre.  He  is  a  Director  in  the  Mer- 
chants National  Bank,  and  in  such  capacity 
has  been  associated  with  that  institution  from 
its  foundation.  Ho  was  married  in  November, 
1854,  with  Helen  M.  LawTon,  of  Cape  Vincent, 
New  York. 

GARRETT  W.  HAGENBERG  was  born  in 
Woodville,  Sandusky  County,  Ohio,  October 
22,  1839.  He  is  a  son  of  Philip  and  Angeline 
(Rohtard)  Hagenberg,  and  is  of  German 
parentage,  his  father  and  mother  having  been 
born  in  Germany.  His  fsilher,  a  miller  by 
trade,  came  to  America  in  1835  and  settled  in 
Buffalo,  New  York.  Shortly  after  he  removed 
to  Woodville,  where  he  remained  for  several 
5'ears,  after  which  he  came  to  Toledo.  During 
his  residence  here,  he  was  engaged  in  contract- 
ing in  the  improvement  of  Streets.  'J'he  father 
diediuToledoin  1855,  the  widow, atan  advanced 
age,  still  living  at  Woodville.  The  earlier 
years  of  the  son  were  passed  at  the  place  of 
his  birth,  he  receiving  only  the  meagre 
educational  advantages  to  be  obtained  in  the 
District  School.  Being  the  only  son  in  a  family 
of  eight  children,  he  was  earlj'  obliged  to  begin 
life's  battle.  He  secured  a  position  in  the 
Sash,  Door  and  Blind  Factory,  where  he  re- 
mained for  18  months.  He  then  obtained 
em])loyment  in  the  Planing  department  of 
Field  \-  Wilmington's  Car  Shops,  where  the 
Bolt  and  Nut  Works  now  are,  on  Field  Ave- 
nue. After  three  years' service,  ho  beiran  work 
in  the  Sash,  Door  and  Blind  Factory  of  Judson 
Brothers  (afterwards  Hall  iV-  Hitchcock),  re- 
maining with  the  establishment  until  1867. 
At  the  last  named    date,  he  became  a  member 


774 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


of  the  firm  of  C.  H.  ScLroeder  &  Co.,  and  com- 
menced the  manufacture  of  Sash,  Doors  and 
Blinds  on  Erie  Street,  adjoining  the  Gas 
Works.  In  1875  he  witlidrew  from  that  firm 
to  assume  tiie  superintendeiicy  of  the  similar 
establishment  of  Wm.  Peter,  the  successor  of 
Hitchcock  &  Wiilbridge.  Mr.  Hagenberg  has 
ever  since  been  prominently  identified  with 
ihis  large  concern,  in  the  arduous  capacity  of 
a  successful  business  manager.  In  February, 
1883,  Mr.  Peter's  establishment  wa.s  destroyed 
by  fire,  and  was  rebuilt  under  direction  of  Mr. 
Hagenberg,  as  that  of  C  H.  Schi-oeder  &  Co., 
after  a  fire  in  1870.  In  1862  he  joined  the  Na- 
tional Guards  of  Ohio,  Companj'  C,  and  was 
honorably  discharged  after  the  expiration  of  his 
period  of  enlistment.  A  Democrat  in  political 
faith,  he  is  nota  strong  partisan,  but  aims  tosup- 
port  the  best  man,  regardless  of  party  affiliation. 
During  the  late  civil  war  he  was  b\-  voice  and 
vote,  an  ardent  supporter  of  the  Union  cause. 
Thoroughly  master  of  every  detail  of  his  busi- 
ness, with  unusual  executive  ability  in  the 
management  of  a  large  force  of  men,  added  to 
native  energy  and  singleness  of  purpose, 
explain  the  high  degree  of  success  which  has 
attended  his  management  of  the  extensive 
enterprise  with  which  he  has  so  long  been  en- 
trusted. His  whole  time  and  attention  are 
given  to  the  advancement  of  his  work.  A 
member  of  no  religious  denomination,  he  is  an 
upholder  and  promoter  of  all  that  is  good  in 
every  sect  and  creed  Mr.  Hagenberg  com- 
menced the  battle  of  life  without  assistance, 
and  without  early  School  advantages.  What 
he  has  attained,  has  been  the  result  of  patient 
toil,  self  sacrifice  and  a  conscientious  desire 
honestly  and  faithfully  to  discharge  his  whole 
duty  in  whatever  station  he  was  placed.  In 
1884  he  was  appointed  by  Mayor  Roraeis,  and 
confirmed  by  the  Common  Council,  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Manual  Training  School  Board,  a 
body  composed  of  12  members,  of  which  the 
Mayor  is  ex  officio  President.  In  the  establish- 
ment of  this  new  and  important  branch  of 
education  in  the  Public  Schools,  he  lias  taken 
warm  interest  and  greatly  assisted  the  Board 
by  hi.s  practical  knowledge  of  mechanics.  He 
was  appointed  for  a  term  of  five  years.  Mr. 
Hagenberg  was  married  with  Susan  Metzger, 
at  Toledo,  in  1860.  They  have  two  children — 
Lizzie,  born  May  3,  1861,  the  wi!e  of  Lewis 
Schomburg,  of  Toledo  ;  and  Mary,  born  March 
19,  1865. 

CHARLES  L.  YOUNG  was  born  in  Albany, 
New  York,  November  23,  1838.  He  is  the  son 
of  Eli  and  Eleanor  (Thomas)  Young.  The 
father  was  of  Dutch  ancestry  and  was  born  at 
Caughnawaga,  Montgomery  County,  New  York. 
The  mother  is  of  Welsh  descent,  and  was  born 
in  Albany.  The  family  remained  in  that  City 
until  the  outbreak  of  the  late  Rebellion,  when 
they  removed  to  Buffalo,  the  father  then  retir- 


ing from  active  business  life,  and  dying  there 
in  1876,  aged  70  years.  The  son's  education  was 
obtained  at  diffei-ent  Institutions  in  his  native 
State,  and  chiefly  at  the  Albany  Academy  and 
Professor  Charles  H.  Anthony's  Classical  Insti- 
tute, in  the  same  City,  where  he  was  graduated. 
Early  in  life,  it  became  his  purpose  to  adopt 
the  legal  profession,  from  which  his  mind  was 
turned  by  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  and  in 
which  he  was  so  injured  as  to  forbid  the  pur- 
suit of  sedentary-  life.  In  April,  18G1,  he 
guarded  recruits  as  a  Zouave  cadet.     In  May, 

1861,  assisted  by  the  Hon.  J.  K.  Porter,  LL.  D., 
he  took  an  active  partin  recruiting  men  for  Gen- 
eral Sickles's  Excelsior  Brigade,  subsequently  so 
distinguished  for  its  service.  He  was  commis- 
sioned First  Lieutenant  June  13,  1861,  and 
assigned  to  First  Regiment,  Excelsior  Brigade. 
He  became  an  officer  of  General  Sickles's  Staff, 
and  through  McClellan's  Peninsular  Campaign 
served  on  the  Staff  of  General  Joe  Hooker. 
Alter  the  battle  of  Williamsburgh  he  was  pro- 
moted   to    a   Captaincy,  dating    from    May    6, 

1862.  He  was  recommended  as  Major  by 
Generals  Hooker  and  Nelson  Taylor,  July  28, 
1862,  following  the  Peninsular  Campaign.  Gen- 
eral Hooker,  in  recommending  hiin  for  promo- 
tion, wrote  :  "  Captain  Young,  late  of  my  StaflT, 
has  been  in  all  the  engagements  with  his  com- 
mand, and  has  been  distinguished  for  good 
conduct  and  gallantry.  He  is  an  excellent 
officer,  and  in  all  respects  deserving  of  your 
favorable  consideration.  He  is  a  young  officer, 
but  with  his  present  experience  is  qualified  to 
fill  a  Majority  in  any  Regiment."  In  Pope's 
Virginia  campaign  (1862)  he  commanded  his 
Regiment,  which  participated  in  the  memor- 
able b:ittles  of  Bristoe  Station,  Groveton,  Bull 
Run  and  Chantilly  ;  and  he  was  probably  the 
youngest  officer  in  command  of  a  Retjiment. 
After  this  campaign  General  Sickles  an- 
nounced the  subject  of  this  sketch  an  Assistant 
Inspector  General  in  the  Third  Armj-  Corps. 
During  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville  (May  3, 
1863),  and  when  engaged  in  executing  an 
order  from  the  Corps  Commander  (General 
Sickles),  he  was  struck  near  the  jugular  vein 
by  a  fragment  of  a  shell,  severing  the  external 
carotid  artery,  and  at  the  time  was  supposed 
to  be  fatally  wounded.  On  May  2d,  at  Chan- 
cellorsville, after  the  line  of  the  Eleventh 
Corps  broke,  and  the  Second  Division  of  the 
Third  Army  Corps,  under  Major  General 
Berry,  pressed  forward  in  the  line  of  battle. 
General  Sickles  ordered  Major  Young  to  re- 
main with  General  Berry  and  report  the  situa- 
tion. Upon  General  Berry's  suggestion,  this 
young  officer  passed  along  the  entire  line  of 
battle,  directing  that  breastworks  be  thrown 
up.  So,  when  on  the  third  morning  of  May, 
General  Stonewall  Jackson  threw  his  exultant 
and  almost  irresistible  legions  against  HooUer's 
old  Division,  he  found  an  artificial  wall, 
together  with  a  living  one,  more  than  a  match 


TRADERS  AND  MERCHANTS. 


775 


for  his  splendid  generalship.  It  was  liere 
that  General  Berry  lost  his  lite.  After  convey- 
ing this  intelligence  to  (reneral  Sickles,  and 
while  riding  back  over  the  field  with  an  order 
to  General  Whipple,  conunandcr  of  Third 
Division,  Third  Army  Corps,  Assistant  In- 
spector General  Young  was  wounded.  The 
storj'  of  how  the  young  soldier,  with  the  assist- 
ance of  un  orderly,  found  an  ambulance,  and 
in  turn  reached  a  steam  transjiort,  and  finally, 
the  hospital  at  Washington,  where  he  recov- 
ered, is  something  remarkable.  In  response.to 
a  general  order  for  all  officers  to  return  to  the 
front,  when  the  Geit^'sburg  campaign  opened, 
with  an  unhealed  wound,  he  was  again  in  the 
field.  He  was  again  disabled  in  the  spring 
of  18()4  in  the  Wilderness  campaign,  but  did 
not  leave  the  field.  Ho  was  with  his  com- 
mand in  all  the  battles  in  which  it  engaged, 
including  Grant's  campaign  of  the  Wilder- 
ness (^Spottsylvania,  Cold  Harbor,  Petersburg 
and  other  historic  engagements).  He  served 
on  the  Staffs  of  Generals  Hooker,  Sickles,  Wm. 
R.  Brewster  and  others,  as  Aide-de-Camp ;  as 
Provost  Marshal,  as  Assistant  Adjutant  Gen- 
eral and  Assistant  Inspector-General  ;  was  in 
the  Inspector-General's  Department  of  General 
Hancock's  Second  Army  Corps.  At  Spottsyl- 
vania.  May  12,  18G4,  in  response  to  a  call  for 
volunteers  by  General  J.  H.  Hobart  Ward, 
Assistant  Inspector  General  Young,  and  As 
sistant  Adjutant  General  Ayres  of  General 
Mott's  staff,  galloped  upon  the  breastworks  at 
the  "bloody  angle."  These  were  the  only 
volunteers,  and  onl}'  General  Ward  and  Young 
returned,  Ayres  fell,  riddled  with  bullets.  He 
(Young)  was  commissioned  and  brevetted  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel after  close  of  war,  '■  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  during  the  war  of  the 
Rebellion."  On  January  14,  1878,  he  was  ap- 
pointed (Quartermaster  General  and  Commis- 
sary General  of  Subsistence  on  Governor  R.  M. 
Bishop's  Staff,  with  rank  of  Brigadier-General, 
with  consent  of  the  Senate  of  Ohio,  and  ac- 
companied the  Governor  on  his  official  visit  to 
the  Dominion  Exposition  of  Canada.  He 
located  in  business  at  Buffalo,  in  18(3(5,  remain- 
ing there  until  coming  to  Toledo  in  1869,  as 
representative  of  the  large  Lumber  firm  of  Sears, 
Holland  &  Co.,  established  in  1885.  He  became 
the  maiiaiier  of  that  firm  at  Toledo.  In  1873, 
upon  the  death  of  F.  P.  Sears,  the  Toledo  branch 
was  reorganized  as  Nelson  Holland  cV  Co., 
General  Young  being  the  resident  partner  and 
manager.  In  1884  this  firm  was  burned  out, 
when  its  business  was  transferred  to  Young  & 
Miller  (C.  L.  Young  and  Geo.  A.  Miller),  which 
firm  has  been,  and  still  is,  active  and  success- 
ful in  the  extension  and  management  of  the 
trade.  Politically,  General  Young  has  always 
been  a  Democrat,  and  since  liis  residence 
in  Toledo  has  been  repeatedlv  urged  to 
accept  public  positions.  In  1883,  he  was 
candidate    for    Mayor    of  Toledo,    not    being 


elected,  though  running  against  great  odds 
and  coming  vsrjthin  87  votes  of  success  in  a 
total  vote  of  about  10,000.  The  only  public 
office  held  by  him  was  that  of  Park  Cora- 
mi.ssioner,  of  which  Board  he  is  President. 
During  the  serious  Haihvay  Strikes  of  1877, 
General  Young  was  active  in  support  of  law  and 
order,  and  co-operated  ert'ectively  towai-d  the 
oi-ganized  steps  taken  for  the  pi-otection  of  the 
]iul)lic  jteace.  Januai'v  9,  1880,  he  received  from 
ills  comrades  of  the  (irand  Arm3'of  the  Repub- 
lic, the  Ohio  National  Guard  and  other  fellow- 
citizens,  a  (_4enei'al  officer's  sword,  belt  and  sash, 
of  superior  material  and  workmanship,  with 
appropriate  inscri])tion.  Upon  the  death  of 
(reneral  Hooker,  the  family  presented  General 
Young  with  the  sash  worn  by  that  officer 
throughout  the  War,  as  a  memento  to  him  as  a 
former  Staff  officer  of  "  Fighting  Joe."  He 
was  an  active  member  of  For.syth  Post  No.  15, 
and  is  now  of  Toledo  Post,  No.  107,  Depart- 
ment of  Ohio,  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic; 
on  the  Staff  of  Commander-in-Chief  Earn- 
shaw,  in  1870  ;  was  a  member  of  the  Na- 
tional Council  of  Administration  in  1880; 
was  elected  Senior  Vice  ('ommander- in- 
Chief  of  the  National  Encampment  iii  1881  ; 
and  was  subsequently  a  Financial  and 
Property  Trustee  of  Forsyth  Post.  He  is  also 
a  member  of  the  following  military  organ- 
izations: The  Third  Army  Corps  Union  ;  the 
Second  Corjjs  Club;  the  Societ\  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac  ;  the  Society  of  the  Army  of 
West  Virginia  ;  a  Charter  Companion  of  the 
Ohio  Commander)'  of  the  Loval  fjcgion  ;  Vice 
President  of  Toledo  Soldiers'  Memorial  Asso- 
ciation :  a  Director  of  the  Gettj'sburg  Battle- 
field Association;  an  Honorar\-  Member  of  the 
Ohio  State  National  Guard  Officers' Association  ; 
and  an  Honorary  member  of  the  Continental 
Guards,  of  New  Orleans.  He  is  a  memberofDe 
Molay  Masonic  Lodge  498,  of  Buflalo,  New 
York.  General  Young  was  married  January, 
1871,  to  Mi.ss  Cora  M.  Day,  of  Boston, 'a 
daughter  of  Albert  Day,  M.  D.  Her  ancestors 
were  among  the  more  prominent  families  of  New 
England.  Her  grandfather,  (leneral  Jotham 
Moulton,  of  Y'^oi'k,  commanded  the  Eastern 
Division  of  the  Revolutionary  Army  at  Bunker 
Hill;  his  grandfather  (Colonel  Jeremiah  .Moul- 
ton) commanding  at  the  reduction  of  Nor- 
ridgework,  Maine,  in  1724,  and  participating 
in  the  siege  of  Louisburg,  in  1744.  Her  lather 
is  an  eminent  Physician,  and  represented 
Boston  in  the  State  Legislature.  During  the 
War,  Mrs.  Young  helped  to  establish  the  first 
"Contraband"  (Colored)  School  opened  in 
Boston,  which  gratuitous  work  was  continued 
until  her  health  became  impaired.  Since  com- 
ing to  Toledo  she  has  been  actively  identified 
with  various  works  of  Christian  chai'ity  and 
benevolence — including  Forsyth  Post  Auxil- 
iary Society  and  Woman's  Relief  Corps  No.  1  ; 
the    Toledo  Home  for  Friendless  Women  ((^Id 


776 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Ladies'  Home),  and  the  Adams  Street  Mission. 
Is  now  National  Senior  Vice-President  of  the 
Woman's  Relief  Corps,  Auxiliary  to  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic.  Three  children  have 
been  born  to  General  and  Mrs.  Young- 
Emma  (deceased),  Nelson  Holland  and  Eleanor 
ilartha.  General  Young  former!  v  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Churcli,  but  is 
now  connected  with  the  Central  Congre- 
gational Church,  Toledo,  Rev.  H.  M.  Bacon, 
D.  D.,  Pastor.  His  paternal  ancestors  were 
among  the  earliest  attendants  on  the  Reformed 
Dutch  Church  of  New  York;  while  his  moth- 
er's fiamily  were  identified  with  the  Methodist 
Episcopal  Church.  He  was  one  of  tlie  founders 
of  the  Merchants  and  Manufacturers  Exchange, 
Toledo,  and  has  been  actively  connected  with 
various  movements  having  in  view  the  growth 
and  prosperity  of  Toledo ;  as  also  whatever 
promised  the  promotion  of  sound  morals  and 
good  order  among  his  fellowmen. 

JOHN  HENRY  PUCK,  son  of  John  Henry 
Puck,  was  born  in  Wood  County,  Ohio,  May 
18,  1842.  His  parents  were  of  German  nativ- 
ity, and  were  born  at  Hanover,  North  Ger- 
many. Emigrating  to  America  in  1837,  they 
settled  on  a  farm  in  Wood  County.  The  son 
remained  with  his  father,  assisting  in  the  cul- 
tivation of  the  farm,  with  limited  educational 
privileges,  until  1861,  when  became  to  Toledo, 
and  engaged  as  apprentice  in  the  Sash,  Door 
and  Blind  factory  of  H.  A.  Boyd  &  Co.,  where 
he  remained  for  six  months.  He  then  secured  a 
clerkship  with  Brigham  ct  Fo.ster,  Hardware 
dealers.  September  12,  1862,  he  enlisted  for 
three  years  as  -private  in  Company  G,  37th 
Regiment  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry,  whose  re- 
cord is  briefly  given  elsewhere  in  this  volume. 
He  was  wounded  twice— first  at  Vicksburg,  in 
June,  1863;  and  again  at  Jonesboro,  August 
31,  1864,  the  latter  wound  being  in  the  neck 
and  right  shoulder,  incapacitating  him  for  active 
service.  He  was  granted  a  furlough  for  three 
months,  when  he  rejoined  the  Armj'  at  Savan- 
nah, Georgia,  and  was  mustered  out  with  the 
Regiment  and  participated  in  the  Grand  Re- 
view at  Washington,  in  Ma}',  1865.  Returning 
to  Toledo,  lie  resumed  his  trade  with  H.  A. 
Boyd,  continuing  in  such  capacity'  until  1868, 
when  Mr.  Boyd  transferred  his  business  to  six 
of  his  employes,  Mr.  Puck  included,  the  firm 
name  being  Ekiridge,  Weil  &  Co.,  which  con- 
tinued for  one  year.  Mr.  Puck  then  engaged 
as  foreman  in  the  similar  establishment  of 
Keeler,  Baird  &  Bivins,  continuing  with  them 
until  1870,  when  that  firm  was  succeeded  by 
the  Western  Manufacturing  Companj-,  of  which 
Mr.  Puck  was  made  the  Vice  President,  which 
position  he  held  until  Februar}-,  1887,  and  was 
then  elected  Secretary  and  Treasurer.  The 
business  was  continued  at  the  old  factory  (cor- 
ner Water  and  Oak  Streets),  until  1872,  when 
they    moved    to    corner    of  Water    and    Vine 


Streets,  where  they  occupied  the  building 
known  as  the  "  Old  Red  Factory."  The  main 
portion  of  the  present  (iactory  was  erected  in 
1875.  The  establishment  now  consists  of  a 
brick  structure,  82x132  feet,  three  stories  high, 
occupied  by  70  workmen.  Mr.  Puck  is  a  mem- 
ber of  Toledo  Post,  No.  107,  G.  A.R.,and  takes 
an  active  part  in  its  operations.  For  many  3cars 
he  has  been  a  prominent  member  of  the  German 
Lutheran  Church.  Since  becoming  a  voter,  he 
has  acted  with  the  Democratic  party.  In  1882- 
83  he  i-epresented  the  First  Ward  in  the  Toledo 
Board  of  Education,  discharging  his  duties 
with  acceptance  and  credit.  The  high  regard 
in  which  he  is  held  by  the  people  of  Lucas 
County,  was  indicated  in  1885,  when  they 
elected  him  as  a  Representative  in  the  State 
Legislature.  While  in  that  bod}-,  he  introduced 
and  advocated  a  bill,  empowering  the  Toledo 
Board  of  Education  to  lev}-  taxes  for  School 
purposes  indej)endentoftheTax  Commissioners 
or  other  authority.  It  is  known  as  the  "Puck 
Educational  Bill,"  was  passed  only  against 
strong  opposition,  and  is  now  regarded  as  a 
measure  of  much  value  to  the  City  School  sys- 
tem. He  also  introduced  the  bill  permitting 
the  State  to  expend  140,000  in  the  erection  of 
monuments  to  the  memory  of  the  Ohio  Soldiers 
who  fell  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  In  both 
business  and  private  relations,  he  has  ever 
maintained  positions  commanding  the  respect 
and  confidence  of  his  fellow-citizens.  Mr.  Puck 
was  married  December  7,  1865,  with  Anna 
Westerhause,  of  Toledo.  They  have  had  five 
children,  of  whom  four  are  now  living — Lena, 
Frederick  J.,  Margaret,  and  Almida. 


VESSEL  SUPPLIES. 


The  demand  for  supplies  of  Lake  and  Canal 
crafts,  began  with  the  opening  of  traffic  in  those 
lines  of  trade,  although  they  were  small  in 
each  at  the  outset.  Up  to  1848,  the  main 
dealers  in  that  line  were  George  S.  Breed  &  Co., 
then  located  on  Water  Street.  In  February,  of 
that  }  ear,  Wm.  0.  Brown,  at  the  corner  of 
Jefferson  and  Water  Streets,  opened  a  store  for 
the  sale  of  Vessel  Supplies.  VVheeler  &  Boos 
were  in  similar  trade  at  that  time.  In  1864, 
Mr.  Brown  disposed  of  his  establishment  to 
Read  &  Wilcox,  who  were  succeeded  by  Wilcox 
Brothers 

MINOT  I.  WILOOX  was  born  in  Jefferson 
County,  New  York,  April  7,  1829.  He  is 
a  son'  of  Oliver  Wilcox,  who  was  born  in 
Connecticut,  in  1780.  The  grandfather  (also 
Oliver  Wilcox),  born  in  Rhode  Island  in 
1747,  was  in  early  life  a  New  Bedford  Whaler. 
The  father  of  Minot  was  married  with  a  lineal 
descendant  of  General  Nathaniel  Greene,  of 
Revolutionary  fame.  Accompanied  by  two 
brothers,  he  sat  out  in  1809,  for  the  new  settle- 
ments   in   Western    New  York,    and    in    1810 


•<S^-«S<«Sf=t5_ 


Xng^iy  jLriuUifs.mr 


j:iiff>rJaJ>>iiafrMy 


TRADERS  AXD  MERCHAXT8. 


located  periiiauoiuly  in  Jefferson  Countj^, 
where  tlioy  settled  and  began  the  work  of 
pioneer  lite  in  the  forest.  Oliver  servetl  in  the 
American  Army  in  the  War  of  1812  15,  partie- 
ipating  in  several  operations,  including  the 
engagements  at  Sackett's  Harbor,  Xew  York. 
He  died  in  Jefferson  County,  in  1808,  aged  88 
vears,  24  \  ears  after  the  death  of  his  wife. 
Their  children  were  13  in  number,  of  wliouithe 
voungest  two  were  twins,  Minot  being  one  of 
these.  His  boyhood  was  passed  upon  his 
lather's  farm,  with  .such  limited  School  educa- 
tion as  he  was  enabled  to  acquire  during  occa- 
sional respites  from  arduous  toil  upon  the  not 
overfruitful  homestead.  At  the  age  of  U5,  he 
obtained  employment  with  a  .Shiji  Joiner  in  the 
neighborhood  at  89. 0()  per  month.  An  ap- 
prenticeship of  one  year  qualified  him  to  set  uj^ 
as  Ship  Joiner  on  his  own  account;  which  he 
followed  for  a  year.  At  the  suggestion  of  a 
brother-in-law  (S.  S.  Read),  who  was  operating 
a  mill  at  Black  Rock,  he  joined  the  latter,  and 
after  working  in  the  mill  two  years,  accom- 
panied Mr.  Read  to  Toledo,  in  1850,  where  he 
was  employed  tor  two  years  by  Read  &  Thomp- 
son, in  the  old  Premium  Mill  (now  the  Armada 
Mill).  In  1852  he  was  clerk  for  Thomas  Wat- 
kins,  a  Grain  Dealer,  and  in  1853  heleasedand 
took  the  management  of  the  Manhattan  ^lill  in 
connection  witli  S.  S.  Read,  which  establish- 
ment was  first  made  profitable  under  his 
direction.  In  December,  1864,  Read  &  Wilcox 
bought  the  Vessel  Supply  .store  of  Wm.  O. 
Brown,  on  Water  Street,  and  carried  on  the 
business  there  and  on  Summi',  .Street  until  1860, 
when  the  partnersbiji  was  dissolved.  In  that 
3'ear  Leonard  and  Minot  I.  Wilcox  founded 
the  firm  of  Wilcox  Brothers,  which,  beginning 
at  the  corner  of  Madison  and  Water  Streets, 
was  transferred  in  1868  to  the  location  now 
occupied  bj-  the  Wilcox  Cordage  and  Supply 
Company,  on  Water  Street.  Wilcox  Brothers 
continued  in  business  until  the  death  of  Leon- 
ard, in  May,  1880.  M.  I.  Wilcox  conducted  the 
business  alone  until  the  incorporation,  in  1886, 
of  the  Wilcox  Cordage  and  Supplj'  Company, 
of  which  he  -was  chosen  President.  The  steady 
growth  of  the  business  of  the  house  from  1860 
to  the  j)resent  time,  bears  testimony  to  the 
efficiency  which  marked  its  management.  Mr. 
Wilcox  has  been  interested  in  different  indus- 
trial enterprises.  For  12  years  past,  he  has 
been  at  the  head  of  the  firm  of  Wilcox  &  Co., 
manufacturers  of  Steam  Dredges  and  St5ani 
Shovels.  He  has  been  a  I»irector  in  the 
Merchants  National  Bank  since  its  organ- 
ization, is  now  its  Vice  President,  and  has  been 
otherwise  identified  with  the  prosperity  and 
growth  of  Toledo.  For  10  years  he  was  an 
active  and  efficient  member  of  the  Volunteer 
Fire  Department  of  the  City,  taking  an  active 
part  in  the  organization  of  Relief  Hook  and 
Ladder  Company  No.  1  (composed  mainly  of 
Merchants  and  Clerks),  of  which  he  was  elected 


Foreman  in  1860,  and  continued  as  such  until 
the  disiiandment  of  the  Company  upon  the 
introduction  of  the  Paid  I)e])artment,  in  Janu- 
arj-,  1866,  when  the  members  of  the  Comjiany 
testified  their  appreciation  of  his  services  b^' 
the  presentation  of  a  silver  box.  Under  the 
three-months  call  fbrtroopsin  1864,  Mr.  Wilcox 
enlLsted  in  the  One  Hundred  and  Thirteenth 
Ohio  Regiment  (Colonel  C.  B.  Philliiis),  and 
received  a  Major's  commission.  The  name  of 
Mr.  Wilcox,  for  3ii  years,  has  been  familiar  with 
Shipping  men  along  the  Western  Lakes,  by 
whom  it  has  been  respected,  as  it  has  been  and 
is  by  all  classes  with  whum  lie  has  had  business 
relations.  He  was  married  in  1855  with  Miss 
Emma  Finney,  a  daughter  of  Harry  Finney, 
deceased,  of  New  York,  and  niece  of  the  lato 
President  Finney,  of  Oberlin,  Ohio. 


AGRICULTURAL  SUPPLIE.><. 

The  demand  for  Agricultural  Implements  in 
this  County,  as  in  all  sections,  was  small  dur- 
ing the  earlier  years  of  settlement.  But  little 
beyond  a  few  axes,  hoes,  plows,  harrows, 
scythes,  sickles  and  cradles,  was  re(iuired  liy 
the  jiioneer  farmers,  and  these  were  supplied 
chiefly  by  the  merchants  at  the  several  points 
of  trade.  As  settlement  and  improvement 
advanced,  the  demand  for  these  increased,  with 
corresponding  supply.  At  the  outset  the  sickle 
was  yet  in  use,  but  ere  long  was  succeeded  hy 
the  cradle — a  great  improvement — and  much 
later  came  the  mowing  and  reaping  machines, 
separators,  cleaners,  grain-drills,  horse-rakes, 
corn-shellers,  &c. 

As  early  as  1856,  Henry  Philipps  had  an 
Agricultural  Warehouse  for  the  supply  of 
farmers  with  implements,  seeds,  &c.  Following 
him  were  L.  J.  Bush  &  Co.  (R.  B.  Mitchell, 
partner),  who  opened  a  similar  establishment 
in  Toledo  in  1860.  Since  that  time  different 
dealers  have  been  in  the  same  branch  of  trade, 
the  number  in  1887  reaching  12  establishments, 
as  follows:  Arbuckle  &  Ryan,  Birdsall  it  Co., 
S.  W.  Cass  it  Co.,  Johnston  Harvester  Com- 
pany, Merrell&  Co.,  D.  S.  Morgan  itCo.,  Homer 
Overmyer,  Parmelee  &  Crosby,  H.  Philipps 
&  Son,  J.  A.  Shepard,  Toledo  Mower  and 
Reaper  Comjjany,  and  Toledo  Plow  Comjiany. 

THOMAS  SCOTT  MERRELL,  son  of  Jacob 
M.  and  Sylvia  .Spi'iiccr  !Mcrrcll,  was  born  in 
Westmoreland,  Oneida  County,  New  York, 
June  18,  1830.  His  father  was  born  in  Hart- 
ford, Connecticut,  March  4,  1789,  and  died  at 
Westmoreland, November  29,  1866.  The  mother 
was  born  in  Peacham,  Vermont,  April  23,  1800, 
and  died  December  24,  1884.  The  son  remained 
on  the  farm  with  his  father  until  17  years  of 
age,  when  he  decided  to  assume  the  responsi- 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ilities  of  independent  life.  To  this  end,  lie 
bought  of  his  father  the  remaining  four  years 
of  his  minority,  and  afterwards  worked  out  at 
$10.00  per  month  until  he  earned  enough  to 
pay  the  debt  in  full.  Meantime,  he  attended 
School  for  one  Winter,  doing  chores  to  pay  for 
his  board.  In  the  Spring  of  1840  he  engaged 
to  drive  horses  on  the  Erie  Canal  (between 
Buffalo  and  Albany),  at  the  close  of  tiie  season 
working  liis  passage  to  Buft'alo,  where  he  took 
the  Steamboat  De'Witt  Clinton  for  Toledo,  the 
hull  of  which  craft  now  (1888)  lies  near  the 
East  shore  of  Maumee  River,  above  Cherry 
Street  bridge,  Toledo.  The  Lake  passage  in- 
volved four  days  of  time.  Stopping  a  short 
time  at  Toledo,  Mr.  Merrell  passed  on  to  Cin- 
cinnati, arriving  there  in  his  19th  3-ear,  worth 
$().00  in  cash.  He  found  employment  as  fire- 
man for  an  engine  at  SI. On  per  day,  being  soon 
promoted  as  Engineer.  He  was  therethree 
3'ears,  for  two  of  which  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Cincinnati  Fire  Department.  In  1851  he  re- 
turned to  Westmoreland  and  managed  bis 
fiuher's  farm  until  1850,  when  he  again  started 
for  the  West,  in  search  of  a  location.  After 
careful  examination  in  Kansas  and  Nebraska, 
he  returned  to  Lucas  County,  as  the  best 
locality  he  had  seen,  and  soon  purchased  what 
was  known  as  the  "Bissell  Farm,"  now  in 
Adams  Township.  There  he  made  his  home 
for  eight  j-ears,  meantime  making  a  success  at 
farming.  In  the  Spring  of  1865,  he  sold  the 
farm  and  purchased  a  half  interest  in  the 
Foundry  and  Machine  Shop  of  Mitchell  &  Son, 
at  Maumee,  the  chief  business  of  which  con- 
sisted in  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  plows 
and  other  agricultural  implements,  which  was 
a  marked  success.  At  the  end  of  five  years  he 
became  sole  proprietor  of  the  establishment, 
and  successfully  conducted  it  for  live  years 
more,  when  he  removed  to  Toledo.  There  he 
engaged  in  the  Agricultural  Implement  and 
Seed  trade,  at  40-44  Superior  Street,  which 
from  the  first  was  prosperous,  his  sales  in  one 
year  attaining  the  aggregate  of  6200,000. 
January  1,  1885,  turning  the  business  over  to 
his  brother,  J.  H.  Merrell,  and  his  son,  J.  B. 
Merrell,  he  accepted  the  charge,  as  President, 
of  the  Turnbull  Wagon  Works,  at  Defiance, 
which  he  yet  retains."  The  stock  of  the  Com- 
pany is  held  mainly  in  Toledo,  and  its  business 
has  been  eminently  prosperous.  Mr.  Merrell 
was  one  of  the  originators  of  the  Tri-State 
Fair  Association,  of  which  he  was  President 
from  January,  1884,  until  January,  1888,  when 
he  declined  re-election.  He  is  yet  a  Director 
and  member  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the 
same.  He  was  active  in  the  organization  of 
the  Toledo  Spice  Company  in  1885,  and  acted 
as  its  President  for  two  years.  He  served  for 
several  years  as  Trustee  of  Adams  Township, 
while  residing  there.  In  1868  he  was  elected 
as  a  Commissioner  of  Lucas  County,  and  re- 
elected in  1871,  serving  for  sis  years.     He  was 


a  member  of  the  Maumee  City  Council  for  five 
years,  and  of  the  Board  of  Education  of  that 
City  for  six  years.  In  1885  he  was  elected  to 
the  Toledo  Common  Council,  representing  the 
Second  Wai'd  for  two  years.  While  in  Adams 
Townsliip,  he  united  with  the  LTnited  Brethren 
Church;  at  Maumee  was  connected  with  the 
PresViyterian,  and  at  Toledo  with  First  Congre- 
gational Cliurch,  which  relation  he  yet  sustains. 
The  uniform  success  which  has  marked  his 
business  life,  has  been  due.  largely,  first,  to  the 
limitation  of  his  operations  to  affairs  which  he 
understood,  and  thus  was  able  to  control ;  and 
second,  to  the  sound  financial  policj'  of"  owing 
no  man  anything."  Mr.  Merrell  was  married 
with  Miss  Ellen  Williams,  at  Richland,  Oswego 
County,  New  York,  September  8,  1853.  Mrs. 
Merrell's  jiarents  were  from  Wales,  and  were 
on  the  Atlantic  passage  to  America,  when  she 
was  born,  Jlay  27,  1832.  The}'  have  seven 
children — Kittie  M.,  born  in  Adams  Township, 
Se|jtember  14,  1858;  John  B.  and  Jennie,  born 
in  Adams,  July  19,  186r2;  Alfred  H.  and  Harriet, 
born  in  Adams,  August  10,  1864;  Fanii}',  born 
in  Maumee,  January  11,  18G9  ;  and  Sylvia,  born 
in  Maumee,  February  16,  1872.  Kittie  M.  was 
married  with  Albert  O.  Case,  at  Maumee, 
November  30,  1877,  whose  daughter,  Nellie  E. 
Case,  was  born  in  Toledo,  January  28,  1879. 
John  B.  <ind  Ida  Coburn  were  married  at 
Whitewater,  Wisconsin,  October  22,  1885,  their 
daughter.  Marguerite,  being  born  in  Toledo, 
July  23,  1886. 


FISH  TR.\r)E. 


As  shown  in  the  article  on  Game  (Part  II, 
Chapter  4),  the  Fish  supply  of  the  Maumee 
River  became  prominent  at  a  ver3'  earlj- 
period.  As  there  shown  the  matter  of  trade 
in  the  same  was  discussed  as  early  as  1815. 
For  many  years  that  interest  increased  in  im- 
portance, the  product  coming  to  be  a  material 
dependence  for  food,  not  with  settlers  along 
the  River  only,  but  with  those  for  distances  in 
the  interior.  Fishing  as  a  business,  in  time 
came  to  be  followed ;  and  in  consequence, 
dealers  in  the  same  ere  long  appeared  at 
Toledo  and  other  points.  Among  the  latter 
were  Wm.  J.  Finlay,  J.  C.  and  J.  H.  Davis, 
St.  John  &  Buck,  D.  Y.  Howell,  and  J.  G.  Nor- 
ton &Co.  The  principal  varieties  of  Fish  taken 
were  Pickerel,  Black  Bass  and  White  Fish. 

Until  the  Winter  of  1872-73,  no  steps  were 
taken  in  regard  to  the  Fish  supply  in  the 
waters  of  the  State.  At  that  time  the  Legis- 
lature provided  for  the  protection  and  propa- 
gation of  Fish,  and  appropriated  the  sum  of 
$1,000  for  that  purpose;  but  nothing  was  then 
done  to  that  end.  In  1853  Dr.  TheodatusGarlich, 
at  Cleveland,  hatched  the  first  fish  (Trout)  pro- 
duced by  artificial  means  on  this  continent. 


TRADERS  AND  MERCHANTS. 


77-b 


111  1S74-75,  Judge  E.  D.  Potter  of  Toledo, 
then  a  member  of  the  Ohio  Semite,  introduoed 
into  that  body  a  bill  for  the  pi-oteetion  and 
projjagation  of  Fisb  in  the  State,  for  which 
purpose  the  sum  of  $10,000  was  approjn-iated. 
This  was  the  first  eifective  step  in  that  direc- 
tion. Under  that  act.  Robert  Cummings, 
John  C.  Fisher  and  J.  H.  lvli])pai-t  were  ap- 
pointed Fish  Commissioners,  and  E.  I).  Potter, 
Superintendent.  In  the  Fall  of  1875,  Fish 
Hatcheries  were  established  at  Toledo,  Cleve- 
land, Castalia  and  Kelley's  Island,  withOOO.OOO 
White  Fish  eggs  in  the  first  named  establish- 
ment. These  were  successfully  hatched,  but 
the  experiments  at  the  other  points,  owing  to 
too  high  temperature  of  the  water,  did  not 
succeed.  Large  numbers  of  Salmon  were 
hatched  and  put  in  the  Lake,  very  few  of 
which  were  heard  from. 

■  The  policy  of  protection  and  propagation  has 
continued  until  this  time,  when  some  SO. 000, 000 
of  young  White  Fish  are  annually  put  into  the 
Lake  and  streams  of  the  State;  with  about  as 
many  of  Wall-Eyed  Pike— those  two  being  tlie 
only  species  now  jjropagated.  In  1881,  Judi;e 
Potter  obtained  at  Washington  some  700  of 
German  Carp,  which  were  distributed  in  the 
streams  of  Ohio,  and  which  are  jiroducing  with 
much  satisfaction. 

The  policy  of  protection  of  Fish  from  un- 
seasonable and  improper  means  of  capture, 
has  been  maintained  with  increasing  efficiency 
since  1875,  with  beneficial  results,  as  have 
means  for  like  protection  of  Game  in  the  State. 
The  Commissioners  in  charge  of  this  interest 
are  now  (1888)  C.  Y.  Osborn"  of  Dayton  ;  A.  C. 
Williams,  Chagrin  Falls;  John  Hofer,  ofBelle- 
aire;  J.  H.  Laws,  of  Cincinnati;  and  E.  D.  Pot- 
ter, of  Toledo. 


DANIEL  Y.  HOWELL  was  born  August  24, 
1822,  at  Palmyra,  Wayne  County,  Xevv  York, 
and  died  at  Toledo,  February  19,  1886.  He 
was  a  son  of  George  W.  Howell,  and  .second  of 
a  family  of  eight  children.  The  father  was  a 
farmer,  and  Daniel  remained  with  him,  working 
on  the  farm  until  21  years  of  age.  He  then 
came  West,  with  a  capital  of  $7.00,  saved  from 
his  earnings.  To  Buffalo  he  came  by  an  Erie 
Canal  Packet,  whence  he  took  deck  jja.ssage  to 
Detroit  on  board  a  Steamboat.  Passing  on  to 
Ann  Arbor,  Michigan,  he  there  engaged  to  cut 
cord -wood  for  a  time,  and  subsequently  learned 
the  trade  of  masonry  and  building.  He  then 
returned  to  Wayne  County,  staying  there  for 


one  year.  In  the  Spring  of  1845,  he  came  to 
Toledo,  and  soon  engaged  with  Loren  Blodgett, 
a  Builder.  In  the  AVinter  of  1845-4(1  he  taught 
a  District  School  in  Springfield  Townsliip,  and 
the  following  Winter  in  Whiteford  Townshi]), 
Michigan.  During  the  Summers  of  1847  and  '48 
he  worked  at  his  trade  in  Michigan.  Peturning 
to  Toledo  in  1849,  he  made  that  City  his  home  un- 
til his  death.  He  constructed  several  prominent 
public  and  ] iri vat e  buildings,  including  the  Third 
and  Fourth  Ward  School  llouses,  in  1850;  the 
Wabash  Pound-House  ami  largo  Elevators  of 
the  Michigan  Southern  (now  Lake  Shore)  Rail- 
road. In  1859.  Mr.  Howell  took  charge  of  the 
Adams  Street  Feriy  across  the  Maumce  lliver, 
and  continued  the  same  until  18G8.  Subse- 
quently he  engaged  in  contracts  for  buildings, 
and  in  1865  he  commenced  the  Fish  business, 
which  he  conducted  with  special  success  until 
his  death  (a  period  of  22  3-ears),  his  trade  being 
the  largest  of  the  kind  in  fresh  waters.  He  was 
succeeded  in  the  business  by  his  son,  Arthur  D., 
who  yet  conducts  it.  Mr.  Howell  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Toledo  City  Council  from  the  Third 
Ward  in  1858,  and  served  for  six  years  from 
1870  as  member  of  the  Toledo  Board  of  Educa- 
tion from  the  Seventh  Ward,  being  Treasurer 
of  the  same  for  three  j-ears.  In  1880  he  was 
a])pointed  by  Governor  Foster  as  Superintend- 
ent of  the  State  Fish  Hatchery  at  Toledo,  in 
the  management  of  which  for  several  years,  he 
was  speciallj'  successful.  He  became  a  member 
of  Toledo  Lodge,  No.  144,  F.  and  A.  M.,  in  1854, 
and  served  repeatedly  as  its  Grand  Master.  Mr. 
Howell  was  a  man  iin])retentious  in  his  habits 
and  intercourse,  but  of  clear  sense  of  right  and 
justice,  and  firm  and  earnest  in  the  pursuit  of 
his  convictions.  Every  trust  committed  to  his 
hands^whether  of  business  or  of  otticial  nature 
— was  conscientious!}'  considered  and  scrupu- 
lously guarded.  His  life  was  marked  by  much 
euergj-  and  industry,  and  was  specially  promo- 
tive of  the  material  growth  of  the  Citj-.  He 
was  married  October  .31,  1846,  at  Williamson, 
Wayne  County,  New  York,  with  Miss  C!athariue 
M.  Sumner,  who  was  born  in  Williamson,  Sep- 
tember 24,  182(1,  being  the  only  daughter  of 
Benjamin  and  Eliza  Sumner.  Her  father  was 
born  in  Washington  County,  and  her  mother 
in  Orange  County,  New  Y'ork,  the  latter  having 
been  the  daughter  of  Daniel  Papineau,  a  prom- 
inent man  in  the  early  history  of  Wayne 
County.  Mr.  Howell's  only  child,  Arthur  D., 
was  born  at  Toledo,  December  2,  1850,  and  was 
married  October  16,  1879,  with  Miss  lOttie, 
daughter  of  George  Douglass,  of  Toletlo. 


CHAPTER   II. 


MANUFACTURES. 


-LABOR    ASSOCIATIONS. 


STATISTICS. STRIKES. 


IN  common  -with  all  places  whose  main  de- 
pendence for  prosperity  and  growth  has 
been  assumed  advantages  for  local  trade  and 
commercial  traffic,  Toledo  for  the  first  25  years 
of  its  existence  i-elied  chiefly  upon  the  same, 
and  more  especially  the  latter  soui-ce,  for 
strength.  Its  exceptional  geographical  position, 
with  reference  to  the  great  producing  empire  of 
the  Northwest,  together  with  its  early  posses- 
sion of  superior  Canal  and  Eailwaj-  facilities, 
was  well  calculated  to  induce  such  reliauce. 
To  that  consideration  was  added  the  fact,  that 
for  the  period  named,  the  matter  of  manufac- 
tures, as  a  source  of  local  growth,  was  hardly 
thought  of  at  the  West,  for  the  reason  that 
under  the  prevailing  policy  of  the  Government, 
the  main  dependence  of  the  country  for  such 
supplies,  was  upon  foreign  markets  ;  while  the 
West,  looking  almost  wholly  to  agriculture  for 
development,  recognized  the  Eastern  States  as 
the  only  section  in  which  manufactures  could 
be  successfully  prosecuted.  Such,  substantially, 
was  the  condition  as  to  that  department  of 
industry  at  the  West,  until  the  emergency 
from  War  by  the  rebellion  of  Southern  States, 
in  1801,  forced  a  state  of  things  entirely  new, 
with  necessities  for  new  recourses  never  before 
contemplated.  The  sudden  and  extraordinary 
demands  of  the  Government  for  military  sup- 
plies, largely  consisting  of  clothing,  made  nec- 
essary a  home  supply'  of  these.  To  j^romote 
this,  the  Tariff  was  radical!}'  changed  and  made 
liberally  protective  in  its  provisions  as  to  home 
manufactures.  Such  guaranty  of  protection 
from  competition  of  foreign  capital  and  cheajier 
labor,  added  to  the  large  demands  of  the  Gov- 
ernment, at  once  stimulated  manufacturing 
industry  to  unwonted  activity;  and  the  result 
was,  that  while  the  resources  of  labor  were  so 
largely  drawn  upon  by  the  Army  and  Navy, 
the  home  demand  for  manufactures  was,  to  an 
extent  greater  than  ever  before,  niet  by  a  home 
supply.  While  the  increase  in  product  was 
great  at  the  East,  the  West  felt  the  new  stim- 
ulus, and  manufacturing  in  various  depart- 
ments was  developed  throughout  that  section. 
Thus,  boi-n  of  the  emergency  of  War,  that 
great  industrial  interest  not  only  did  not  sub- 
side with  the  cause  of  its  development,  but 
continued  its  activity  and  growth  throughout 
the  West. 

Toledo  would  have  been  more  prompt  to 
avail  herself  of  the  favorable  condition  refer- 
red to,  but  for  unabated  confidence  in  what 
were  known  as  its  "  local  "  or  "  natural  advan- 


tages" as  a  commercial  point.  These,  so  valu- 
able on  many  accounts,  in  time  came  to  be 
found  delusive  and  disajipointing,  from  the 
fact  that  the  revolution  in  the  modes  of  hand- 
ling property  in  transit  gradually  reduced  the 
proportionate  demand  for  labor,  until  the  in- 
crease in  traffic  brought  little  or  no  increase  in 
the  number  of  persons  required  for  its  dispo- 
sal. The  result  was,  that  dependence  upon 
that  source  for  permanent  growth  had  to  be 
surrendered  and  another  found. 

Fortunately,  the  emergency  thu.s  recognized 
was  coincident  with  the  develojnnent  of  Tole- 
do's relations  to  the  great  mineral  resources  of 
Central  Ohio  and  Lake  Superior  regions,  and 
more  especially  the  former.  As  these  were 
improved  by  new  Railway  facilities,  the  im- 
portance of  Toledo  as  a  manufacturing  point 
was  gradually  made  known  and  gradually  im- 
proved, until  the  City  has  come  to  prominence 
and  success  asa  manufacturing  point.  In  such 
advance,  it  has  been  greatly  favored,  in  that 
the  extraordinary  channels  of  trade  possessed, 
have  conferred  advantages  in  the  distribution 
of  local  manufactures  enjoyed  by  very  few 
points  in  the  entire  country.  It  will  not  be 
practicable,  within  the  limits  allowed  in  this 
volume,  to  undertake  anjthinglike  a  full  show- 
ing of  the  variety  or  the  extent  of  the  manu- 
facturing interests  of  Toledo.  It  must  suffice 
here,  to  give  of  facts  and  details  sufficient  to 
indicate  something  of  the  pro.icress  already  at- 
tained and  of  the  prospect  for  the  future.  We 
shall  begin  by  giving  .some  account  of  the  eai'ly 
manufacturing  interests  of  the  City. 

Toledo  Car  Manufactory. — Railway  Cai's 
were  manufactured  in  Toledo  for  several  years, 
the  quality  of  which  stood  high  in  tlie  mailcet. 
The  first  work  of  the  kind,  was  in  1851,  by 
Wason  &  Co.,  who  brought  the  several  parts 
of  cars  partially  completed,  and  hei-c  perfected 
them  and  pnt  up  and  finished  the  same.  The 
first  Car  Works,  for  the  entire  manufacture  of 
Cars,  was  that  of  A.  J.  Field  and  Wm.  Wil- 
mington, who  commenced  ojicrations  in  1853, 
and  continued  the  same  until  the  death  of  Major 
Field,  in  1858.  The  business  was  then  assumed 
by  the  Toledo  Car  Company,  composed  of  Mr. 
Wilmington,  John  H.  AVhitaker  and  C.  B. 
Phillips.  That  Companj' prosecuted  the  work 
actively  until  1872,  when  operations  were  sus- 
pended. 

Wilmington's  Grain  Machine.— In  July, 
1859,  trial  was  made  of  a  Harvesting  Machine, 


[779] 


780 


fflSTORY  OP  TOLEbO  AND  LVCAS  COVNTY. 


invented  and  built  by  William  Wilmington,  of 
Toledo,  which,  at  the  same  oi^eration,  cut  and 
threshed  Grain,  dropping  the  filled  bags  from 
the  rear  end  of  the  machine  as  it  passed 
through  the  field.  It  was  capable  of  cutting 
eightacres  per  day  of  Wheat  averaging  25 
bushels  to  the  acre,  at  an  expense  of  SI  1.25,  or 
S2.00  per  acre  less  than  the  ordinaiy  Machine, 
Afterwards,  Mr.  Wilmington  exhibited  and 
tested  his  invention  in  Porter  County,  Indiana, 
where  it  operated  again  with  entire  satisfaction. 
With  such  practical  success,  however,  it  was 
not.  as  Mr.  Wilmington  had  apprehended 
might  be  the  case,  adaj)ted  to  this  climate, 
where  Grain  cannot  be  taken  direct  from  the 
field  and  bulked,  without  liability  to  injury. 
In  California  and  the  Western  portion  of  South 
America  it  would  no  doubt  have  been  a  suc- 
cess in  application,  as  it  certainly  was  in  op- 
eration. 

Tobacco  Manufacture. — In  183G,  Calvin 
Bronson  commenced  the  manufacture  of  Fine- 
Cut  Chewing  Tobacco  at  Centerville,  St.  Joseph 
County,  Michigan.  At  that  time,  and  for 
nearly  10  years  thereafter,  his  was  the  only 
establishment  of  the  kind  in  Michigan,  outside 
of  Detroit.  It  was  a  "small  beginning"  he 
made,  at  that  earlj^  day,  with  limited  capital 
and  facilities  of  the  simplest  sort,  his  power  be- 
ing limited  to  "  one  horse,"  whose steadj'  circuit 
moved  the  rude  cutting-machine  in  use.  What 
was  lacking  in  material  and  resources,  however, 
Mr.  Bi'onson  made  up  in  skill  and  push ;  and 
it  was  not  long  ere  he  had  wide  reputation  for 
his  maniifacture,  and  corresponding  trade, 
which  called  for  increased  facilities  and  en- 
larged market.  Hence,  it  was,  that  in  1851,  he 
removed  to  Toledo,  which  City  then  fairly  was 
recognized  as  an  important  commercial  point. 
Here  he  established  what  came  to  be  known  as 
the  Bronson  Tobacco  Works.  His  success  was 
mainlj'  dueto  thesuperior  qualities  of  what  was 
known  as  his  "Bright  Fine-Cut  Tobacco,"  which 
soon  became  especially  popular.  His  trade  ex- 
tended graduallj-,  until  in  1865,  he  paid  on  his 
sales  a  Government  tax  of  $250,322.89 — the 
value  of  the  goods  then  sold  having  been 
15(30,400.  The  leading  product  at  that  time 
was  the  "  Bright  Chewing,"  beside  which  "  C. 
Bronson's  Indian  Brand  "  was  prominent.  At 
first  his  sales  were  made  mainly  through  sales- 
men and  peddlers,  who  traveled  with  wagons  ; 
but  such  means  in  time  were  largely  supplant- 
ed b}'  the  more  modern  facilities  of"  Traveling 
Men  "  and  Eailway  transportation.  Mr.  Bron- 
son was  not  a  little  aided  by  a  native  tact  and 
skill  in  mechanics,  which  naturall}"  helped  to 
new  methods  and  means  in  cutting  and  hand- 
ling Tobaccos.  His  first  factory  in  Toledo  was 
on  Water  Street,  foot  of  Lagrange,  where  he 
remained  until  185G,  when  he  removed  to  118- 
128  Summit  Street,  where  he  occupied  a  build- 
ing with  a  frontage  of  80  feet  and  depth  of  150 


feet  and  five  stories  high.  Subsequently  he 
erected  a  large  building  at  the  corner  of  Sum- 
mit and  Lynn  Streets,  to  which,  in  1873,  the 
establishment  was  removed.  It  contained  11 
first-class  Cutting-Machines,  with  a  daily  capac- 
ity of  11,000  pounds  of  Chewing,  or  18,000 
pounds  of  Smoking  Tobacco,  all  operated  by  a 
single  engine  of  about  2(»-horso  power,  January 
1, 1866,  Mr, Bronson  retired  from  active  business. 
The  establishment  passed  into  the  hands  of 
David  Bronson,  a  brother,  and  Charles  R.  Mes- 
singer,  a  son-in-law,  both  whom  had  become 
practically  familiar  with  the  business.  The 
firm  of  Bronson  &  Messinger  continued  until 
1873,  when  Mr.  Messinger  became  sole  ])vo- 
prietor.  He  continued  the  business  until  1886, 
when  he  was  succeeded  by  Wm.  II.  Harrison, 
the  present  jjroprietor. 

In  October,  1862,  Henry  J.  Chase  and  Frank 
P.  Isherwood  engaged  in  the  manufacture    of 
Fine-Cut,  Plug  and  Smoking  Tobacco,  at  182 
and  184  Summit  Street.     In  the  following  No- 
vember Wilson  S.  Isherwood  became  a  partner, 
and  in  February,  1863,  Leander  Burdiek   was 
added,  and  the  firm  of  Chase,  Isherwood  &  Co. 
formed.     In  January,  1866,  the  establishment 
was  removed  to    the    new  quarters  meantime 
built  for  its  use  at  14  Broadway,   opposite    the 
Oliver  House,  which  continues  in  use.  In  1873, 
W.  S.  Isherwood  retired    from    the    firm  ;  and 
January  1,   1880,    Walter  J.    Chase   succeeded 
Henr}-  J.  Chase,  as  partner.  This  arrangement 
continued   until    January    1,    1887,   when    Mr. 
Burdiek  withdrew,  leaving  the  business  in  the 
hands    of  F.  P.    Isherwood  and  W.  J.  Chase. 
When  the  business  of  the  establishment   had 
been  prosecuted  for  some  time,  the    manufac- 
ture of  Plug  was  given   up.     Operations    are 
now  confined  to  Fine-Cut  Chewing  and  Smok- 
ing, and  Granulated  Smoking.     The  latter  is  a 
new  variety,  prepared  by  amachineoriginating 
with    the    house.     The    supplies   of  stock    for 
Chewing  come  from  Kentucky  and    Southern 
Ohio,  and  those  for  Smoking   from    the    same 
sections  and  North  Carolina.     The  amount  of 
Tobacco  manufactured  has  been  about  the  same 
for  the  past  16  or  18  years,  the  chief  variation 
being  in  prices,  which  have  been  controlled  by 
the  Internal  Eevenue  tax,  which  has  undergone 
several   changes.     The    highest   was  40  cents 
per  jjound  on   Fine-cut   and    30    on    Smoking. 
It     is     now     uniform     at    eight    cents.     The 
largest    amount    of    tax    paid    by  this  house 
in  one  year  was  that  of  1870,  when  it  reached 
$268,753.92.     The  highest  j^rices  for  its  manu- 
factures were — 70  cents  per  pound  for  Smoking 
and  SI. 35  for  Chewing.  The  establishment  now 
has  80  employes.     Its  trade  is  carried  on  almost 
wholly  through  traveling  salesmen. 

CALVIN  BRONSON  was  born  in  Suffield, 
Connecticut,  December  17,  1806.  His  ances- 
toi'8  were  among  the  earlier  settlers  in  that  sec- 
lion.     His  facilities  for  obtainingan  education, 


^,^^4^^^-- 


MANUFACTURES. 


781 


were  limitod  to  the  advantages  supplied  by  the 
Public  School.s  of  the  Town.     When  he  was  17 
years  of  ag'c,  hebecaino  anxious  for  the  advent 
of  the  active  business  life  which   was  his  chief 
ambition.     He  accordingly  left  home  anil  made 
his  way  to  Springfield,  Massachusetts,  where 
he   entered    a   leading   mercantile  house,  as  a 
Clerk,   his   wages    being  his   board.     At   the 
close  of  one  year  of  apprenticeship  there,  he 
went  to  New  York  City,  and  thence  to  Augusta, 
Georgia.     Here  he  remained  for  18  months,  at 
the   end    of  which    time    he    returned    to   the 
North,  satisfied  that  in  that  section  lay  more 
certainly  the    field  adapted  to    his   ideas  and 
sympathies.     During   these    changes,    he   had 
studiously  im])r(ived  oj^portunities  for  obtain- 
ing  practical    knowledge   of  correct  business 
princijdes    and    methods,    meanwhile    making 
friends    among  those  with   whom  he  came  in 
contact.      He    early    learned    the    invaluable 
lesson  of  self-reliance,  industry,  integrity  and 
!       economy,  to  which,  in  subsequent  years,  he  was 
mainly  indebted  lor  whatever  of  success   at- 
tended him.     Coming  to  the  VV^est  in  ISrSO,  ho 
located   at   Avon,  Lorain    County,    Ohio,    and 
there  engaged  in  general   merchandise  trade, 
remaining    until    1836,    when   he    removed   to 
Centerville,  St.  Joseph  Count}',  Michigan,  and 
resumed  mercantile  trade,  which  he  continued 
for  two  years.     In  1847,  Mr.  Bronson  made  the 
change,  which,  more  than   an^-thing  else,  gave 
success  to  his  business  life.     At  that  early  day, 
iu  an  obscure  Western    Village,   with  limited 
knowledge  of  the  business  and  more  limited 
facilities,    he    commenced    the  manufacture  of 
Tohacco.     His    simple    machinery,    driven  by 
horse-jiower,   was    in    striking    contrast    with 
that   which    subsequent    invention    provided. 
His    was   the    pioneer   establishment  West  of 
Detroit  for  the  manufacture  of  fine-cut  Chew- 
ing Tobacco,  the   old  articles  of  hard-pressed 
plug  and    twist  then    being   almost   universal 
and  difficult  to    supplant  with  the  new  kind. 
His  product  at  first,  could  be  sold  only  by  ped- 
dlers,traveling  from  place  to  place  with  wagons. 
His  trade,  however,  soon  extended    gradually, 
and    he    continued    operations   at   Centerville 
until  1851,  when,  desirous  of  a  more  adequate 
jioiut  for  the  sale  of  his  manufacture,  he    re- 
moved to    Toledo,  and  resumed  ojierations  on 
an  enlarged  scale.     There  his  trade,  from  the 
start,  was  encouraging,  and  rapidly  extended, 
more  than  meeting  his  expectations.     His  lim- 
ited   resources    for    capital  were  soon  supple- 
mented by  liberal  gains  from  trade,  and    his 
fiicilities  were  enlarged  accordingly.     Ere  long 
his   factory  gave   employment   to  150    to  175 
hands,  with  no  less  than   11  cutting-machines 
iu    constant    use.       Meantime,    the    name    of 
•'Bron.son's  Tobacco,"  became  familiar  through- 
out the  Western  States,  and  everywhere   with 
the   favor    which    acceptable    trade  alone  can 
secure.     In  186(3,  with  the  fruits  of  a  business 
activity   lar   beyond   the   average  of  man,  he 


turned  his  large  establishment  and  trade  over 
to  younger  hands,  by  whom  it  has  been  con- 
tinued for  several  years.  Few  men  liavo 
made  their  way  through  a  life  of  equal  activity 
and  devotion  to  business,  with  that  of  Mr. 
Bronson  ;  and  still  less  of  his  cotemjjoraries 
have  been  able  to  reach  the  close  of  their  four- 
score years  of  life  with  the  vigor  of  mind  and 
body  which  he  yet  enjoys.  For  such  posses- 
sion, he  is  indebted  to  a  sound  constitution  and 
the  practice  throughout  of  i)hysical  activity 
and  habits  of  care  and  prudence.  Since  retiring 
from  the  Tohacco  trade,  he  has  turned  his 
attention  chiefly  to  the  improvement  of  real 
estate  judiciously  purchased,  including  the 
erection  of  different  substantial  and  valuable 
business  blocks.  He  has  also  invested  liberally 
in  the  promotion  of  manufacturing  entei-prises 
in  the  City.  Mr.  Bronson  was  married  with 
Miss  Lucretia  C.  Sutphen,  at  Centerville,  Michi- 
gan, June  26,  1837.  Mrs.  Bronson  was  born 
January  18,  1811,  in  Hunterdon  County,  Now 
Jersey. 

Toledo  Gas  Lkjht  and  Cokk  Company. — 
The  first  step  toward  the  manufacture  of  Gas 
in  Toledo,  was  taken  on  the  25th  of  September, 
1853,  when  the  Toledo  Gas-Light  and  Coke 
Company  was  organized,  the  corporators  being 
V.  H.  Ketcham,  .lames  Deveau,  Matt.  Johnson, 
Thomas  H.  Hough  and  D.  B.  Smith.  February 
20,  1854,  books  for  subscription  of  stock  were 
opened  at  the  office  of  M.  R.  Waite,  the  capital 
being  $100,000.  April  4th  following,  Directors 
were  chosen,  as  follows:  M.  E.  Waite,  Matt. 
Johnson,  Wm.  Baker,  John  H.  Whitaker  and 
D.  B.  Smith,  who  organized  by  electing  Matt. 
Johnson  as  President ;  J.  II.  Whitaker,  Treas- 
ui-er ;  and  D.  B.  Smith,  as  Secretary.  Mr. 
Waite  served  as  Director  until  his  appointment 
as  Chief  Justice  of  the  United  States  Supreme 
Court,  in  January,  1874.  Mr.  Whitaker  re- 
mained in  the  directory  until  hisdeath,  iu  1882. 
Mr.  Baker  was  succeeded  in  1856  by  George 
Spencer,  who  remained  as  such  until  his  death 
in  1882.  J.  W.  May,  as  Secretary,  succeeded 
Mr.  Smith  in  Februarj^,  1857.  Since  that  time, 
the  general  officers  have  been  as  follows: 

President— Georce  Spencer,  lS.'i(l-()0;  Truman  H. 
Hoag,  1866-70  ;  8.  "i\I.  Youn^;,  1S70-SS.  Vice  Presi- 
dent—J.  H.  Wliitaker,  186(i-70 ;  George  Spencer, 
1870-82;  H.  S.  Walbridge,  1882-88.  Secretary— J.  W. 
May,  1857-65  ;  C.  N.  Yeager,  1865-71  ;  Richard  Day, 
1871-88. 

The  works  of  the  Company  were  constructed 
by  Lemuel  H.  Davis,  who  also  laid  mains,  in 
1854.  No  record  is  found  of  the  extent  of  the 
business  during  the  first  years  of  the  Company, 
but  it  was  small,  and  not  very  remunerative 
until  the  growth  of  the  City  nuide  it  so.  In 
1880  it  was  found  necessary  to  rebuild  the 
purifying-house,  to  enlarge  the  retort-house 
and  to  enlarge  and  extend  the  main  pipes;  for 
which  purpose  the  capital  stock  was  increased 
to  $500,000. 


782 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


The  Manhattan  Iron  Company. — Early 
in  1864,  a  Company  was  formed,  under  the 
name  of  the  Manhattan  Iron  Company,  for 
the  piirpotse  of  manufacturing  Charcoal  Iron, 
selectinic  for  location  10  acres  on  the  East  side 
of  the  Kiver,  and  nearly  opposite  Manhattan. 
The  furnace  was  22x28  "feet  and  40  feet  higli. 
Near  were  four  kilns,  50x15  feet,  for  burning 
coal,  each  to  burn  80  cords  of  wood,  the  opera- 
tion occupying  some  10  days  of  time.  D.  Y. 
Howell  constructed  the  furnace  and  kilns.  The 
wood  was  obtained  on  Crane  Creek  and  about 
three  miles  East  of  the  Furnace,  and  was 
brought  in  on  a  private  railway  provided  for 
the  purpose.     Operations  were'  commenced   in 

August,  under   the    management   of  Mr. 

Tilden.  About  25  men  were  employ  ed,  and  10 
tons  of  Iron  produced  per  day.  Lake  Superior 
ore  was  used.  The  establishment  was  in  ope- 
ration more  or  less  for  about  five  years,  but, 
as  the  result  largely  of  inexperience  in  its 
management,  the  enterprise  was  not  a  success. 
The  owners  were  residents  of  Southern  Ohio. 

The  Toledo  Mower  and  Eeaper  Company. 
—In  1869,  John  J.  Barker,  A.  D.  Pelton  and 
John  vS.  Davis,  formed  a  partnership,  for  the 
manufacture  in  Toledo  of  Agricultural  ma- 
chines, and  more  specially  the  "Sulky  Mower 
and  Eeaper,"  an  invention  of  Mr.  Davis,  at  that 
time  a  resident  of  Tiffin.  For  such  purpose 
grounds  and  buildings  were  provided.  The 
work  of  perfecting  their  machine  was  pros- 
ecuted for  several  years,  with  varying  results, 
such  operation  involving  the  expenditure  of 
large  sums  of  money,  beside  years  of  severe 
toil.  The  machine  they  sat  out  to  produce  was 
a  success  ;  but  the  early  appearance  of  the  rake 
attachment,  which  they  were  unable  to  meet 
with  an  acceptable  a]>pliance  of  the  same  kind 
to  their  machine,  was  too  much  for  them  ;  and 
after  several  changes  in  management,  the  busi- 
ness was  closed  out.  In  1875,  the  establish- 
ment passed  into  tlie  hands  of  the  Toledo  Mower 
and  Reaper  Company,  of  which  J.  B.  Baldy  was 
the  President  ;  Leander  Burdick,  Vice  Presi- 
dent; and  Wm.  E.  Parmelee,  Jr.,  Secretary  and 
Treasurer.  The  paid-up  capital  stock,  then 
$50,000,  has  been  increased  to  8144,000.  In 
1880,  Eeed  V.  Boice  became  the  President,  and 
Wm.  Baker  "Vice President.  In  1884,  Bernard 
Meilink  was  chosen  President,  Fred.  Eaton 
Vice  President,  and  John  Farley  Secretary  and 
Treasurer,  who  still  hold  such  positions.  Starl- 
ing with  the  single  machine  (the  Sulky  Mower 
and  Eeaper),  the  trade  has  been  extended  to  a 
full  line  of  Mowers,  Eeapers  and  Binders. 
Operations  by  this  establishment  have  ceased. 

Bakers.— The  earliest  record  found  of  a  Baker 
in  Toledo,  is  that  of  John  Pontius,  whose  adver- 
tisement appears  in  1837  and  1838.  His  succes- 
sors were  too  numerous  here  to  be  stated.  Promi- 
nent   among  them    was    Chai-les    Mertz,    for 


several  years  dealer  in  general  merchandise,  as 
well  as  Baker.  Among  those  now  in  business 
are — Fred.  Gradolph,  Lloyd  &  Worts,  L.  H. 
Meinert,  Mrs.  C.  W.  Pond,  Seyfang  &  Scheuer- 
mann, George  Tait,  Mrs.  E.  A.  Turley,  Worts, 
Kirk  &  Bigelow. 

GEORGE  WORTS  was  born  in  London, 
England,  September  8,  1828,  his  parents  being 
Mannistee  C.  and  Hannah  (Smyth)  Worts,  na- 
tives of  England.  The  father  w-as  a  Baker.  In 
1830,  the  family  came  to  the  United  States, 
landing  at  New  York,  December  30tli.  Stop- 
pinic  for  a  short  time,  he  worked  at  his  trade 
there,  when  he  went  to  Newark,  New  Jersey. 
In  1835  they  came  West,  stopping  at  Detroit, 
where  he  soon  "as  warned  out  for  military 
service  for  Michigan  in  the  "  Toledo  War,"  then 
in  progress.  They  returned  East  in  1836,  stop- 
ping at  Oswego,  New  York.  There  they  re- 
mained until  1853,  the  father,  meantime,  being 
in  the  Baking  business.  At  the  latter  date 
they  came  to  Toledo,  where  he  resumed 
business.  George's  School  days  were  spent 
at  Oswego,  with  the  privileges  of  the  Dis- 
trict School.  While  yet  very  young,  he 
began  work  in  a  Bakery,  his  main  service  for 
a  time  consisting  of  stamping  and  panning 
crackers,  which  then  w'ere  made  wholly  by 
hand,  no  machinery  being  employed  in  the 
business.  In  the  Fall  of  1844,  he  was  for  a 
time  Steward  on  board  the  Propeller  Vandalia, 
running  between  Oswego  and  Chicago,  when 
he  returned  to  the  Bakery,  and  continued  there 
until  the  Winter  of  1849-50,  at  which  time  he 
shipjjed  from  New  London, Connecticut,on  board 
a  Whaler  for  a  voyage  to  Davis  Straits,  being 
gone  about  seven  months.  Leaving  Oswego 
for  the  West,  he  reached  Toledo,  September  6, 
1851.  There  he  established  a  Baker\-  on  the 
Packet  Dock,  North  side  of  Swan  Creek,  be- 
tween Monroe  and  Washington  Streets.  L^pon 
the  arrival  of  his  father  in  1853,  the  firm  of 
Worts  &  Sou  was  established,  when  they  erected 
a  Bakery  at  140-142  St.  Clair  Street,  w"ith  sales- 
room at  67  Summit.  The  limited  delivery  of 
sales  necessary  was  made  with  a  wheelbarrow. 
Subsequently  they  bought  out  Milo  Bashare, 
successor  to  Charles  Mertz.  The  establishment 
was  burned  out  in  1861,  and  was  rebuilt.  In 
October,  1861,  George  enlisted  in  Company  I, 
Sixty-Seventh  Ohio  Infantry,  being  commis- 
sioned as  Second  Lieutenant,  and  serving  until 
June,  1862,  when  he  resigned.  With  Albert 
Kirk,  he  built  a  Bakery  in  rear  of  the  Stoi-e  at 
237  Summit  Street.  In  1866,  the  firm  of  Worts 
it  Co.  was  constituted  of  George  Worts,  Albert 
Kirk,  Heniy  W.  Bigelow  and  Henry  S.  Waite, 
who  built  the  large  building  at  441  (new  num- 
ber) St.  Clair  Street.  For  a  time  they  manu- 
factured Aerated  Bread,  and  until  their  Cracker 
trade  fully  engros.sed  their  attention.  Their 
business  is  now  confined  to  Crackers,  Cakes  and 
Confectionery.     They  employ  constantly  two 


I 


^./&<^iA^ 


MANUFACTURES. 


783 


delivery  wagons  in  the  City  and  four  traveling 
men.  Their  trade  has  steadily  increased  and 
is  now  by  all  odds  larger  than  that  of  any  other 
establishment  in  Northwestern  Ohio.  All  op- 
ei'ations  in  baking  are  now  performed  wit  1\  ma- 
chinery. Mr.  Waite  died  April  Ui,  1873,  the 
business  since  that  time  being  continued  by  the 
other  partners.  Mr.  Worts  united  with  the 
order  of  Odd  Fellows  while  in  Oswego,  and 
with  Wapaukonica  Lodge  after  coming  to  To- 
ledo, which  connection  he  still  holds.  He  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Aldermen 
from  the  Eighth  Ward,  Toledo,  in  April,  1881, 
and  served  in  that  body  two  years.  Mr.  Worts 
was  married  at  Sterling  Center,  Ca^'uga  County, 
New  York,  with  Miss  Louisa  A.  Lake,  January 
5,  1851,  she  dyins:  December  19,  1852,  leaving 
a  son,  George  F.  Worts,  who  was  born  at  To- 
ledo, and  now  resides  there.  Mr.  Wortswasagain 
married  March  IS,  1855,  with  Miss  Emily  A. 
Howard,  of  Stone  Mills,  .letfersou  County,  Now 
York.  Thej'  have  had  four  children,  of  whom 
two  are  living — Mr.s.  Walter  C.  Lloyd  and 
Chivington  Worts,  both  of  Toledo. 

HENRY  "WAITE  BIGELOW  was  born  at 
Colchester,  Connecticut,  February  1,  1838, 
where  his  father,  a  farmer,  continued  to  reside 
until  his  death,  in  1869,  and  where  the  mother 
yet  resides.  The  ancestors  of  the  parents  were 
among  theearliest  settlers  of  New  England, the 
original  branch  coming  from  England  early  in 
the  17th  century.  The  family  have  given  to 
Connecticut  some  of  its  mo.st  distinguished  cit- 
izetis.  The  palernal  grandfiither  of  the  subject 
of  this  sketch,  served  during  the  Revolutionary 
War  as  (,'ommissary  General's  Clerk  ;  while  his 
father  (Colonel  Guy  Bigelow),  born  in  1785, 
was  a  prominent  officer  in  the  State  Militia  of 
Connecticut.  He  was  also  an  active  member  of 
the  Masonic  order.  His  mother  (Sarah  A. 
Waite)  was  of  a  family  specially  distinguished 
in  judicial  historj-.  Chief  Justice  Henry  M. 
Waite,  of  Connecticut,  the  father  of  Chief  Jus- 
tice Morrison  E.  Waite,  of  the  I'nited  States 
Supreme  Court,  was  her  brother.  The  boy- 
hood of  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  not 
essentially  different  from  that  of  the  average  of 
New  England  farmers'  sons.  He  was  educated 
at  Bacon  Academy,  Colchester.  At  the  age  of 
1(),  he  entered  the  store  of  Colonel  D.  R.  Noyes, 
at  Lyme,  as  clerk,  remaining  tliere  two  years. 
In  1856  he  came  to  Toledo  and  engaged  in  like 
c-apacitj'  in  the  Wholesale  Grocery  establish- 
ment of  Secor,  Berdan  tSt  Co.  He  remained 
with  that  firm  until  the  Rebellion,  when  (Au- 
gust 15,  1861)  he  enlisted  for  three  years  in  the 
Fourteenth  Ohio  Infantry,  and  was  with  his 
Companj'  throughout  its  notable  service — at 
Willi  Cat,  Chickamauga,  Jone.shoro,the  Atlanta 
camj^aign  and  the  "March  to  the  Sea.''  In  March, 
1862,  he  was  pi-omoted  from  First  Sergeant 
Company  C,  to  Second  Lieutenant  Company  I; 
in  October,  1863,  was  advanced  to  First  Lieu- 


tenant; and  in  December,  1864,  to  a  Captaincy. 
At  the  battle  of  Chickamauga  he  was  severely 
wounded  in  the  thigh,  and  being  incapacitated 
for  service  was  granted  a  fui'lough  ;  but  rejoined 
hiseommand  at  ('hattanooga  December  30, 1863. 
From  that  time  until  May,  1864,  he  served  on 
Court  Martial  dutj'.  Preceding  the  battle  of 
Jonesboro,  he  stood  fourteenth  in  rank  in  the 
Regiment.  Two  days  thereafter,  as  the  result 
of  loss  of  officers  in  tliat  engagement  and  the 
muster-out  of  non-veteran  organizations,  he  be- 
came second  in  rank,  and  thenceforward  he 
acted  as  Major,  serving  in  that  capacity  in  the 
March  to  the  Sea  and  in  the  Carolina  campaign, 
as  also  in  the  Grand  Review  at  Washington, 
Ma}',  1865.  He  was  in  command  of  the  Regi- 
ment during  its  muster-out  at  Louisville. 
While  in  service,  Captain  Bigelow  several 
times  declined  staft' appointment,  and  through- 
out his  connection  with  the  Arm}-,  he  bore  the 
just  character  of  a  brave,  fixithful  and  useful 
Soldier,  commanding  the  confidence  and  re- 
spect, alike,  of  superior  officers  and  enlisted 
men.  For  six  months  after  being  mustered 
out,  he  was  detained  in  Connecticutby  sickness 
contracted  in  the  service.  In  February,  1866, 
he  returned  to  Toledo,  and  in  May,  following, 
with  George  Worts,  Albert  Kirk,  and  Henry  S. 
Waite,  organized  the  firm  of  Worts  &  Co.,  for 
the  manufacture  of  Crackers  at  311  (old  num- 
ber) St.  Clair  Street.  From  that  date  until  the 
death  of  Mr.  Waite,  in  1873,  Captain  Bigelow 
traveled  for  the  house  ;  he  then  taking  charge 
of  its  financial  affairs.  The  firm-name  was  soon 
changed  to  Worts,  Kirk  &  Bigelow,  as  it  yet 
remains.  To  the  exceptional  success  of  the 
establishment,  he  has  largely  contributed  by 
his  close  attention  and  sound  judgment.  Cap- 
tain Bigelow  was  (or  man}'  years  a  member  of 
Forsyth  Post,  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic, 
and  is  now  a  member  of  Toledo  Post,  recently 
organized.  He  is  also  a  member  of  Ohio  Com- 
mandery,  Loyal  Legion  ;  of  the  Society  of  the 
Army  of  the  Cumberland,  and  of  the  Four- 
teenth Regiment.  In  the  Masonic  order,  he 
has  for  many  years  held  a  high  position.  Join- 
ing Rubicon  Lodge,  No.  237,  Toledo,  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1859,  he  has  since  received  all  degrees 
of  recognized  Masonry,  including  the  thirty- 
third  and  last  degree.  Politically,  Captain 
Bigelow  has  always  been  a  Republican  in  prin- 
ciple, yet  directing  his  action  by  considerations 
of  public  policy,  as  these  would  be  suggested 
to  his  judgment.  Of  a  retiring  disposition,  he 
has  sought  a  life  of  quiet,  in  the  conscientious 
discharge  of  duty  as  the  same  was  made  known 
to  him. 


Union  Mankfacturinis  Company.  —  This 
Company  was  incorporated  in  1872.  with  acapi. 
tal  stock  of  $100,00(1,  and  went  into  operation 
January  1,  1873.  The  officers  of  the  Company 
at  that  time  were:  R.  S.  Janney,  President; 
R. F.  Lyttle,  Secretary  and  Treasurer;  Charles 


784 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


.!' 


H.  Warren,  Superintendent;  William  M. 
Bond,  Purchasing  Agent.  The  latter  had 
taken  the  plate  in  the  Compan_y  of  Mr.  Hood, 
who  retired  belbro  the  conversion  of  the  firm 
into  a  joint  stock  Comjjany. 

In  1881,  the  Company  connected  with  their 
other  business  the  manufacture  of  the  Union 
Sewing  Machine,  and  increased  their  capital 
stock  to  1300,000;  and  in  1885  this  was  in- 
creased to  $1,000,000.  Before  the  tire  which 
destro3ed  their  shops  in  the  old  Tile  factor^', 
the  Company  had  purchased  land  and  erected 
a  Warehouse  where  their  present  works  are 
(corner  Hamilton  and  Bismarck  streets),  which 
they  had  filled  with  goods,  and  which  were  sub- 
stantiallj'  all  that  were  saved  to  them  out  of 
the  fire.  With  that  much  for  a  new  stai-t,  they 
moved  into  a  small  building  which  had  been 
used  as  a  Stave  Factory,  set  up  an  engine  and 
went  to  work.  In  1873  they  built  two  brick 
factories,  each  50x100  feet,  and  two  stories 
high,  and  joined  them  by  an  engine-room  (also 
of  brick)  one  story  in  height.  They  afterwards 
erected  machine  shojjs,  barn,  and  other  build- 
ings; and  in  1881  added  the  fine  building  for 
the  Sewing  Machine  department.  This  build- 
ing is  of  briclj,  40x200  feet,  three  stories,  with 
a  wing  of  the  same  height  24x80  feet.  To 
these  structures  have  been  added  a  shop  and 
fuel-house  30x75  feet.  The  Com]jany  are  now 
building  a  brick  foundry,  112x120,  for  tiie 
manufacture  of  light  castings.  The  works  are 
on  a  side  track  of  the  Lake  Sliore  Eailroad, 
convenient  for  shipping.  Mr.  I.  N.  Poe  has 
been  President  since  1881.  Mr.  E.  S.  Januey 
became  Vice  President  upon  the  election  of 
Mr.  Poe  to  the  Presidency,  and  was  succeeded 
in  1888  by  W.  S.  Walbridge.  W.  O.  Dakin 
was  elected  Secretary  in  1881,  in  place  of  Mr. 
Lyttle,  who  then  became  Traveling  Agent. 
Mr.  Dakin  was  succeeded  by  S.  C.  Walbridge  in 
1887. 

ROBERT  SIMPSON  J  ANNE  Y  was  born  in 
Lower  Makefield  Township,  Bucks  County, 
Pennsylvania,  about  25  miles  from  Philadel- 
phia, June  2,  1829.  He  is  a  son  of  Jacob  and 
Esther  (Betts)  Janney,  who  were  of  English 
nativity,  their  ancestors  being  among  the 
original  band  of  Friends  (or  Quakers),  who,  with 
William  Penn,  settled  in  that  section  during  the 
latter  part  ofthe  17th  century.  Thomas  Janney, 
the  pioneer  of  the  family  in  America,  settled 
on  the  farm  where  the  father  ot  the  subject 
of  this  sketch  was  born,  and  where  his  lineal 
descendants  still  reside.  Eobert  spent  the  first 
12  years  of  his  life  on  his  father's  farm,  with 
educational  privileges  limited  to  the  District 
School  of  an  agricultural  region.  In  1841  the 
family  removed  to  Montgomery  County,  Mary- 
land. Eemaining  there  for  two  years,  they 
then  returned  to  Bucks  County,  but  soon 
located  on  a  farm  in  the  adjoining  County  of 
Montgomery.     For  two    winters  "the   son  at- 


tended Loller  Academy.  Early  in  1845,  the 
family  removed  to  Michigan,  settling  on  a 
farm  in  Monroe  County.  The  father  died  in 
1867.  Eobert  had  so  far  im))roved  his  limited 
advantages,  that  during  the  winter  of  1845-40, 
he  taught  a  District  School  near  the  farm  of 
his  father;  and  with  the  exception  of  one 
winter  in  attendance  at  the  Sj'lvania  (Ohio) 
Academy,  under  Dr.  Taylor,  he  taught  school 
foi'  11  winters  in  Monroe  and  adjoining  Coun- 
ties in  Micliigan  and  Ohio,  "boarding  around  " 
among  the  families  re]n'esented  in  his  Schools, 
as  was  then  the  practice  with  teachers.  Mean- 
time, he  spent  the  Summers  in  labor  on  the 
farm.  Eelieved  of  farm  work  in  the  Fall  of 
1805,  by  a  brother  then  returned  from  the 
Army,  Mr.  Janney  came  to  Toledo  and  secured 
employment  as  Book-keeper  for  Worts,  Kirk  & 
Seyfang,  Bakers.  In  the  Spring  of  1866,  in 
jxirtnership  with  C.  E.  Baldwin,  under  the 
firm  name  of  Baldwin  &  Janney,  was  opened  a 
Groceivy  store  on  Monroe  Street,  siicii  engage- 
ment lasting  for  IS  months.  In  the  fall  of  1869, 
Mr.  Janney  purchased  the  Union  Manufac- 
turing Company's  business,  which  had  recently 
been  established  by  H.  S.  Walbridge  and 
Matt.  Siioemaker,  for  tlie  manufacture  of 
Domestic  Wooden-Ware.  The  establishment 
was  located  in  the  second  story  of  Gates  & 
Skidniore's  Rake  factory,  on  Erie  Street.  Soon 
thereafter  B.  A.  Eood  and  LaFayette  Lyttle 
became  partners  in  the  business,  which  proved 
a  Success,  largely  due  to  the  capacity  and  in- 
dustry of  Mr.  Janney.  In  1873,  a  corporation 
(Union  Manufacturing  Company)  was  organ- 
ized with  Mr.  Janney  as  its  President,  which 
2:)08ition  he  held  continuously  (with  the  excep- 
tion of  one  .year),  until  his  retirement  from 
active  management  of  the  business,  in  1883. 
When  he  assumed  control  of  the  establishment, 
but  30  operatives  were  employed;  whereas,  at 
the  time  of  his  withdrawal,  a  trade  had  been 
built  u]3,  requiring  the  employment  of  over 
200  workmen.  Early  in  1883,  Mr.  Janney  be- 
came connected  with  The  Toledo  Moulding 
Company,  and  since  that  time  has  served  as  its 
President.  The  business  of  this  Company  is 
the  manufacture  of  Picture  Frames  and  Mould 
ings,  and  about  200  workmen  are  now  em- 
ployed in  the  establishment.  Mr.  Janney's 
executive  abilities  are  best  known  in  the  ex- 
cej)tional  success  which  has  attended  what- 
ever he  has  undertaken.  Politically,  Mr.  Jan- 
ney acts  with  the  Eepublican  party,  but  has' 
never  sought  official  position  of  any  sort,  find- 
ing in  connection  with  his  business  life  inll 
employment  for  his  mind  and  activity.  Ho 
was  married  April  13,  1863,  with  Miss  Urania 
Baldwin,  daughter  of  John  Baldwin,  her 
mother  being  now  the  wife  of  Marquis  Bald- 
win of  Toledo. 


WiTKER  Manufacturing  Company.  —  This 
Company  was  incorporated  April  20,  1886,  and 


i 


I 


MANUFACTURES. 


785 


is  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  Boors,  Sash, 
Blinds,  Mouldings,  etc.,  the  annual  amount  ot 
sales  being  about  S1-5,()(I0.  The  (^'ompany  has 
a  large  iSteani  IMill  and  Yard  at  the  corner  of 
Oak  and  AVater  Streets.  The  building  was 
built  in  188(5.  It  is  supplied  with  tlie  most 
approved  machinery.  ,  The  proprietors  were 
formerly  connected  with  the  Western  Manu- 
facturing Company,  corner  of  Vine  and  Water 
Streets.  In  1869  F.  E.  Witker  was  connected 
with  the  manufacturing  firm  of  Eldridge  it 
Weil.  He  has  been  President  of  the  Company 
since  its  incor]ioration.  There  has  been  no 
change  in  any  of  the  oflicers,  the  list  being,  as 
at  first:  F.  E.  Witker,  President;  William  F. 
Witker,  Secretary  and  Treasurer.  Directors: 
F.  E.  Witker,  E.  F.  Witker,  W.  F.  Witker,  E.  H. 
Witker,  G.  F.  Witker. 

FREDERICK  E.  WITKER  was  born  in 
Wood  County,  Ohio,  February  2,  1846.  His 
parents,  Ernst  and  Mary  (Ballmcyer)  Witker, 
were  born  near  Hanover,  Germany,  and  came 
to  this  country  in  1840,  bringing  with  them  one 
daughter  and  settling  on  a  farm  in  Wood 
County,  where,  wholly  without  experience  in 
such  life,  and  with  limited  means,  they  com- 
menced work.  The  son  remained  with  his  pa- 
rents, attending  the  District  School  a  portion 
of  the  3ear,  until  he  was  14  years  old,  when  he 
came  to  Toledo,  and  found  employment  with  his 
twouncles,  Ferdinand  Johnson  and  John  F.  Wit- 
ker, Grocers,  St,  Clair  Street,  corner  of  Logan. 
Two  years  later  he  engaged  with  C.  F,  Curtis, 
for  work  in  his  Sash  and  Blind  factory,  where 
he  learned  the  trade  of  his  choice.  In  1864, 
when  18  years  old,  he  enlisted  in  the  One 
Hundred  and  Thirtieth  Regiment,  Ohio  Vol- 
unteer Infixntry.  On  being  mustered  out  at 
the  close  of  his  term  of  enlistment,  he  entered 
the  Sash  and  Blind  factor}-  of  Hitchcock  & 
Walbridge,  remaining  there  three  years.  In 
1870,  upon  the  dissolution  of  the  firm  of  Keeler, 
Baird  &  Bivins,  Mr.  Witker  united  with  others 
in  organizing  the  Western  Manufacturing  Com- 
nauy,  and  in  1871  was  chosen  as  President  of 
that  corporation,  and  with  John  H.  Puck  as  Vice 
President,  held  that  position  until  March  1, 1886, 
when  he  withdrew  from  the  Company  after  a 
devoted  service  of  15  years.  He  then  estab- 
lished the  Witker  Manufacturing  Company, 
corner  of  Oak  and  Water  Streets,  with  himself 
as  President  and  William  F.  Witker  as  Secre- 
tary and  Treasurer.  At  a  cost  of  over  ^18,000, 
a  large  and  commodious  brick  building  was 
erected  for  the  establishment  in  1886,  where 
the  business  of  manufacture  of  Sash,  Doors  and 
Blinds, and  dealing  in  Carpenters'  and  Builders' 
supplies,  is  carried  on,  giving  employment  to 
over  60  workmen.  He  is  justly  ranked  among 
the  many  successful  men  of  self-reliance  and 
energy,  who  have  done  and  are  doing  so  much 
for  Toledo  and  the  entire  country.  Politically, 
he  is  a  Democrat,  because  his  convictions  as  to 


policy  of  Government  have  attached  him  to 
that  party.  .Mr.  Witlcer  was  married,  in  1861), 
with  Miss  Mary  Witgen,  of  Toledo,  the}'  now 
having  four  children. 


The  Amkkioan  Hand-Sewed  Suck  Comi'anv 
was  incorporated  in  1884,  for  the  purpose  of 
Wholesale  Boot  and  Shoe  trade.  One  of  its 
objects  was  to  develop  the  Lock-Stitch  Sewing 
Machine  as  applied  to  the  sewing  of  Shoes,  an 
invention  which  gives  a  more  <lurable  sole 
than  can  be  put  on  by  hand,  the  stitch  being 
locked  in  the  middleof  the  leatiier  of  which  the 
sole  is  com]iosed.  The  Company  commcnce<l 
business  in  July,  1884,  at  121  anil  122  Summit 
Street.  In  1887,  in  consequence  of  a  fii'c  in  the 
building  they  occupied,  it  removed  to  232  and 
234  Summit  Street,  the  present  location.  Its 
business  has  had  a  steady  increase.  During 
the  year  ended  in  Julj%  1887,  it  placed  over 
8750,000  worth  of  goods.  The  Com])any  is  now 
agent  of  the  Wardwell  Shoe  and  Leather  (!om- 
pan}'.  The  officers  of  the  ComjiaTiy  are  : 
Wm.  B.  Taylor,  President;  Franklin  Hubbard, 
Treasurer ;  H.  C.  Taylor,  Selling  Agent, 

The  Stevens  Filter  Comvanv  was  incor- 
porated in  1879,  for  the  pur]iose  of  manufac- 
turing and  selling  an  improved  Water  Filter 
for  hotels,  houses  and  public  buildings.  The 
process  of  filtration  by  this  Filter,  and  now 
popular  throughout  the  United  States,  is 
that  of  the  upward  passage  of  the  water 
through  the  filtering  medium,  and  its  de- 
liver}' into  a  chamber  above  the  packing;  so 
that,  after  being  once  puritied,  it  is  kept  clean 
and  wholesome.  It  is  peculiarly  adapted  to 
turbid  or  roily  water.  The  Filter  has  been  in 
use  about  eight  years,  and  during  that  time 
has  been  gaining  a  wide  re])utation.  These 
Filters  vary  in  capacity  from  one  to  100  barrels 
per  day. 

The  first  officers  of  the  Comi)any  were  :  .1.11. 
Davis,  President;  George  Weddell,  Vrce  Presi- 
dent; Walter  Pickens,  Secretary;  A,  G.  Wil- 
liams, Treasurer.  The  present  officers  are : 
A.  R.  Champney,  President;  AValter  Pickens, 
Vice  President;  J.  W,  Callfh'd,  Secretary  and 
Treasurer.  Mr.  Davis  sokl  his  stock  and  re- 
tired from  the  Company  in  the  Spring  of  1886. 
Mr.  Champney,  who  has  been  a  Director  since 
the  organization,  was  elected  President  in 
1885.  Mr.  Pickens  was  President  from  1882 
to  1885. 

Toledo  Foi  ndeuv  .vnd  Machine  Co.mpanv. — 
This  now  large  and  prosperous  establishment 
owes  its  development  chiefly  to  the  judgment 
and  energy  of  Mr.  J.  C.  Wuerfel,  tiie  President 
of  the  Company  since  its  organization.  Mr. 
Wuerfel  came  from  Germany  with  his  parents 
when  he  was  12  years  old.  For  a  number  of 
years  he  was  in  the  Gi'Ocery  trade  in  Toledo, 


786 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


and  left  that  and  engaged  in  manufacturing 
business  in  connection  with  Moore's  Foundery 
and  Machine  Shop  in  1878,  of  which  he  was 
Manager.  In  1880  he  took  a  leading  part  in 
tlie  organization  of  the  Toledo  Foundery  and 
Mafhine  Company,  which  was  incorporated 
March  1st  of  that  year.  The  present  officers 
of  the  Corapanj^  are :  J.  C.  Wuerfel,  Presi- 
dent and  Manager ;  John  Crowe,  Secretary. 
The  Company  are  engaged  in  the  manufacture 
of  Eailroad  Excavators,  Ballast  Unloaders, 
Dredges,  Pile-Drivers,  Snow  Plows,  Circular 
Saw  Mills,  Steam  Engines,  Hoisting  Machinery, 
&c.  Their  sales,  which  amounted  to  $40,000 
in    1881,  increa.sed  to  $80,000  in  1887. 

The  Smith  Bridge  Company. — In  1867, 
Robert  W.  Smith,  J.  J.  Swigart,  A.  S.  Miller 
and  J.  A.  Hamilton,  associated  themselves, 
as  partners,  under  the  firm  name  of  R.  W. 
Smith  &  Co.,  for  manufacture  of  Railroad 
and  Highway  Bridges,  and  at  once  com- 
menced that  business.  In  1870  a  joint  stock 
company  was  organized,  and  named  the  Smith 
Bridge  Company,  with  R.  W.  Smith,  as  Presi- 
dent ;  J.  J.  Swigart,  as  Vice  President ;  J.  D. 
Cook,  as  Secretary ;  and  H.  A.  Boyd,  as  Treas- 
urer. The  officers  of  the  Company,  January 
1,  1888,  were  as  follows  :  R.  W.  Smith.  Presi- 
dent ;  J.  J.  Swigart,  Vice  President ;  William 
S.  Daly,  Secretary  ;  F.  E.  Tracy,  Treasurer  ; 
Daniel  Howell,  Engineer. 

ROBERT  "W.  SMITH  was  born  in  West 
Charleston,  Miami  County,  Ohio,  December  31, 
183-1.  His  parents  were  of  English  and  Scotch 
ancestry,  the  mother's  name  having  been  Julia 
Thomas.  The  father  was  a  Cabinetmaker, 
specimens  of  his  skill  yet  remaining  in  the 
vicinity  of  his  residence.  His  physical  strength 
was  such  as  to  make  severe  the  labor  requisite 
for  the  satisfactory  support  of  his  family  The 
mother  was  a  woman  of  intelligence  and  refine- 
ment, with  special  talent  for  artistic  work, 
many  proofs  of  her  success  in  drawing  now  re- 
maining. As  may  be  inferred,  the  son's  edu- 
cational privileges  were  meagre  enough.  His 
first  lessons  consisted  of  a  paddle  of  wood,  on 
one  side  of  which  was  the  alphabet,  and  on  the 
other  the  "a  b  abs,"  with  his  mother  for 
teacher.  Before  he  had  got  far  beyond  the 
grade  thus  indicated,  and  without  regular 
School  privileges,  he  was  sent  to  the  country 
to  do  chores  for  a  living  with  a  relative.  His 
education  before  his  15th  year  beyond-  that 
supjiliod  on  the  paddle,  was  only  such  as  he 
was  able  to  pick  up  ;  but  he  had  learned  to 
read  and  write.  Then  feeling  the  absolute  need 
of  more  instruction,  he  succeeded  in  getting  to 
a  Public  School,  which  he  was  permitted  to 
enjoy  for  a  period  of  16  days,  which  consti- 
tuted his  entire  School  education.  But  even 
in  such  short  time,  he  was  able  to  snatch  a  few 
rudiments,    including   an    insight   to  primarj- 


arithmetic  and  McGuffy's readers.  His  School- 
days completed,  he  secured  employment  with 
a  Builder,  to  work  a  year  at  Carpentry.  Dur- 
ing this  time  he  developed  his  genius  in  the 
construction  of  a  piece  of  continuous  rail-stair 
from  first  to  third  floor.  He  soon  entered 
upon  business  on  his  own  account,  and  devel- 
oped talent  rapidly.  He  was  the  first  builder 
to  put  up  large  barns  with  self-supporting 
roofs,  thus  doing  away  with  the  posts,  always 
so  inconvenient  in  such  buildings.  Two  of 
these  barns  yet  remain  in  Miami  County,  one 
built  for  the  late  Colonel  J.  R.  Woodward,  at 
Woodward  Place ;  and  the  other  for  Hon. 
Samuel  Sullivan,  near  Tadmor.  In  1862,  in 
connection  with  his  brother  William,  Mr. 
Smith  ran  a  small  Woodworking  Machine 
Shop  and  Lumber  Yard  at  Tippecanoe.  In 
1864  the  brother  died,  other  parties  then  taking 
an  interest  in  the  business,  which  is  yet  con- 
tinued. In  1866,  Mr.  Smith  made  an  important 
advance  by  the  invention  of  what  came  to  be 
known  as  the  "  Smith  Truss  Bridge  "  (of  wood), 
which  soon  had  a  remarkable  demand.  Find- 
ing that  a  large  field  and  more  adequate  facili- 
ties for  obtaining  supplies  and  for  shipping 
manufactures  were  demanded,  Mr.  Smith  in 
1867  decided  to  remove  to  Toledo,  where  he  at 
once  founded  the  Smith  Bridge  Company — he 
constituting  the  entire  Company.  When  he 
began  business  one  300-foot  bridge  was  con- 
sidered a  fair  Summer's  job;  but  in  1867  he 
built  five  bridges;  in  1868,22;  and  in  1869,  75. 
The  present  joint  Stock  Company  was  organ- 
ized in  1870,  whose  business  has  reached  an 
annual  aggregate  of  8500,000.  Soon  after  the 
year  1870,  began  a  change  from  wood  to  iron, 
as  material  lor  the  construction  of  bridges, 
which  continued,  until  now  very  few  wood 
structures  are  manufactured.  With  the  in- 
crease in  demand  for  bridges,  improved  ma- 
chinery for  such  purpose  was  required.  This, 
mainh%  had  to  be  invented.  Tlie  ])rincipal  in- 
vention of  this  sort  was  a  gaining-machine, 
which  does  the  work  of  15  men,  and  in  better 
manner.  Another  improvement  made  consists 
of  a  process  for  making  a  steel  eye-bar,  which 
is  verj-  valuable.  Beside  these,  were  a  rotary 
saw,  for  making  the  joints  of  bridge-chords; 
and  a  multiple  punch,  by  which  six  pieces  of 
iron  can  be  punched  at  one  operation,  one  man 
with  it  doing  the  work  of  six  by  the  old 
method.  One  of  the  highest  achievements  of 
Mr.  Smith  in  this  connection  consists  in  the 
construction  of  turn-tables  for  draw-bridges,  so 
made  as  to  be  operated  with  the  least  pos.sible 
friction.  Its  operation  is  seen  in  the  Cherry- 
Street  bridge,  at  Toledo,  the  draw  of  which  is 
300  feet  lon<^,  46  feet  wide,  and  weighs  420 
tons,  and  yet  can  be  turned  by  one  man,  the 
requisite  pressure  on  the  lever  being  only  75 
pounds.  It  is  now  opei-ated  by  steam  in  45 
seconds  of  time.  He  has  devised  iron  draw- 
bridges for  Canals,  so  arranged  that  boats  push 


^^.fffyJ-LPk^llifXr. 


MANUFACTURES. 


787 


I  them  open,  they  closing  when  the  boats  have 
passed.  A  pressure  of  three  pounds  will  open 
them.  Those  bi-idges  are  now  in  general  use. 
I  When  at  New  Orleans  in  1870,  Mr.  Smith  ac(-i- 
'  dentally  fell  in  with  the  City  Engineer,  who 
had  prepared  a  plan  for  a  landing  or  floating- 
dock  for  a  ferry,  and  who,  on  learning  that 
Mr.  Smith  was  a  Bridge  Builder,  submitted  to 
I  that  gentleman  his  plan  for  examination,  when 
I  its  defects  were  pointed  out  so  clearly  that  Mr. 
Smith  was  asked  to  prepare  a  plan,  which  was 
submitted  to  the  Board  of  Control,  and  adopted 
in  lieu  of  that  of  the  City  Engineer,  and  the 
contract  for  the  construction  of  the  work  given 
to  the  Smith  Bridge  Company,  by  which  it  was 
executed,  Mr.  Smith  being  jiaid  $1,000  extra 
for  the  plan.  The  approach  is  125  feet  long, 
the  rise  and  fall  with  the  tide  being  15  feet. 
This  was  placed  at  Canal  Street.  Another  like 
structure  was  built  for  the  Jackson  Street 
ferry,  as  were  other  swing-bridges  in  that 
City.  While  Mr.  Smith  has  been  from  the 
first,  and  yet  is,  the  main  controlling  and  di- 
recting jjower  of  thi.s  great  work,  he  has  been 
for  over  20  years  largely  indebted  for  success 
to  the  support  of  efficient  assistants.  Promi- 
nent among  these  is  Mr.  J.  J.  Swigart,  whose 
financial  sagacity  and  energy  have  contributed 
materially  to  the  pro.speritv  of  the  business. 
Mr.  D.  Howell,  the  Chief  Engineer,  and  his 
five  assistants,  together  with  Wm.  S.  Daly,  the 
present  Secretary,  and  Lewis  Motter  and 
Andrew  vStroehlein,  all  have  been  able  and 
substantial  aids  in  securing  for  the  Company 
its  remarkable  success  and  high  character. 
While  making  a  record  in  the  business  world 
thus  brilliant  and  successful,  Mr.  Smith  has 
been  no  less  considerate  in  the  high  personal 
character  he  has  established,  and  in  the  per- 
vading regard  for  the  moral  and  material  well- 
being  of  his  fellowmen,  who  have  always  had 
in  him  a  worthy  model  of  upright,  conscien- 
tious life.  In  1856  Mr.  Smith  was  married 
with  Miss  Mary  Ann  Pearson,  the  daughter  of 
a  Quaker  farmer.  She  died  in  1881,  leaving 
three  children — Mrs.  La  Mont  Bateman,  Chas. 
E.  Smith  and  Mrs.  Laura  Burnet,  all  of  Toledo. 


The  Jewel  Manufacturinu  Company  was 
incorporated  June  28,  1884  ;  its  main  object 
being  the  manufacture  of  Sewing  Machines 
and  specialties.  The  works  are  located  at  the 
corner  of  Central  and  Detroit  Avenues.  The 
Company  erected  suitable  buildinirs  in  1884-5, 
at  a  cost  of  about  $25,000.  The  capital  stock 
of  the  Company  is  6300,000.  Since  the  business 
went  into  operation,over  6,000  SewingMachines 
have  been  made,  besides  a  considerable  amount 
of  order  work.  The  officers  of  the  Company 
from  its  organization  until  February,  1888, 
were  :  President,  D.  R,  Locke  ;  Vice  President, 
Wm.  Baker :  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  F.  T. 
Lane;  Superintendent,  G.   F.   Danielson.     On 


the  death  of  Mr.  Locke,  at  the  time   named, 
Charles  A.  Gaiser  was  elected  President. 

The  Toledo  Moitldino  Company. — This  or- 
ganization was  preceded  in  1867  by  the  firm  of 
H.  J.  Chase  &  Co.  (Henry  J.  Chase,  Hartwell 
Osborn,  Benjamin  A.  Stevens),  who  were  the 
pioneers  in  the  manufacture  of  Mouldings  in 
Toledo;  making  at  that  time,  however,  only 
those  of  black  walnut.  Their  sho])  was  located 
in  the  Sash  and  Blind  Factory  of  Gates  k  Skid- 
more,  on  Erie  Street,  until  1870,  when,  more 
room  being  required,  they  moved  to  the  corner 
of  Water  and  Lagrange  Streets,  where  tiiey  re- 
mained until  burned  out  in  1873.  At  that 
time  Mr.  Henry  S.  Swayne  purchased  the  in- 
terest of  Mr.  Stevens,  and  the  firm  became 
Osborn,  Chase  and  Swayne.  In  187:5  4  ihey 
erected  and  ec[uipped  the  buildings  at  the  cor- 
ner of  Chestnut  and  Champlain  Streets,  now 
occupied  by  The  Toledo  Moulding  Compan}'. 
The  latter  organization  was  incorporated  Jan- 
uary 14,  1880,  with  a  capital  stock  of  $100,000, 
the  incorporators  being  .Toh]i  Cummings,  W. 
W.  Griffith,  R.  V.  Boice,.!.  B.  Baldy  and  Noah 
H.  Swayne,  Jr.  The  first  officers  of  the  Com- 
pany were:  R.  V.  Boice,  President ;  Henry  S. 
Swayne,  Vice  President ;  Cyrus  Hussey,  Sec- 
retary and  Treasurer. 

lu  1880  the  Compan}"  bought  the  premises 
and  equipments  of  O.sborn,  Chase  &  Swayne, 
consisting  of  the  present  buildings  and  ma- 
chinery, with  the  exception  of  .some  minor 
additions  since  made.  The  principal  manu- 
factures of  the  house  are  Mouldings,  Picture 
Frames  and  Cornices,  of  all  styles  and  varie- 
ties. The  sales  ranse  from  $15o',000  to  $175,000 
a  year.  The  present  officers  are :  Noah  II. 
Swa3me,  President;  I.  N.  Humphrey,  Vice 
President;  Cyrus  Hussey,  Secretary  and 
Treasurer.  R.  V.  Boice  was  President  from 
1880  to  1883  ;  R.  S.  Janney,  from  1883  to  1887. 
Henrv  S.  Swayne  was  Vice  President  from 
1880  "to  1887 ;  Cyrus  Hussey  lias  held  the 
offices  of  Secretary  and  Treasurer  since  the  in- 
corporation in  1880. 

The  Great  Western  Pin  Company  was  in- 
corporated November  14,  1883,  by  Cliarles  F. 
Milburn,  G.  R.  Hudson,  L.  S.  Baumgardner, 
C.  L.  Luce  and  Fred.  Eaton,  with  a  ca])ital 
stock  of  $75,000.  In  December,  1884,  it  began 
the  manufacture  of  Pins,  being  the  only  estab- 
lishment for  that  purpose  West  of  Detroit, 
which  are  the  only  other  Pin  W^orks  West  of 
Rochester,  New  York.  The  Company  has 
done  much  to  occupy  this  great  field  as  a 
market  for  its  goods,  which  already  demands 
increased  facilities.  The  Company  runs  31 
Pin  Machines,  with  an  average  capacity  of 
2,500  cases  a  year,  each  case  containing 
108  packs  of  one  dozen  papers  each  ;  and  em- 
ploy, on  an  average,  45  hands.  The  i)resent 
officers  of  the  Company  are:     G.  R.  Hudson, 


788 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


President;  F.  B.  Dodge,  Vice  President ;  John 
Farley,  Treasurer,  and  C.  F.  Milbuni,  Secretary. 

Thk  Toledo  Cot  and  Wrinoer  Manufac- 
turing Company. — This  Company  was  incor- 
porated in  October,  1885,  by  H.  S.  Halstead, 
L.  K.  Parks,  J.  A.  Barber  and  L.  S.  Bauiu- 
gardnor,  who  purciiascd  the  stock  and  interest 
otthe  Perfection  Manufacturing  Company, and 
organized  with  the  following  officers  :  Presi- 
dent, L.  S.  Baumgardner;  Vice  President,  L. 
K.  Parks;  Secretary,  H.  S.  Halstead.  The 
business  continued  under  the  management  of 
these  gentlemen  until  April,  1887,  when  Mr. 
Baumgarduer,  by  purchase,  became  the  entire 
owner  of  the  property,  and  uniting  his  interest 
with  that  of  W.  W.  Griffiih,  pro)jrietor  of  the 
Griffith  Cot  Company,  organized  the  present 
Company  bj'  the  election  of  the  following 
Board  of  Directors:  L.  S.  Baumgardner,  W. 
W.  Griffith,  E.  V.  Boice,  B.  W.  Baumgardner, 
J.  H.  Baumgardner.  The  Board  elected  the 
following  officers:  President  and  Treasurer, 
L.  S.  Baumgardner;  Secretary,  J.  H  Baum- 
gardner. The  goods  manufactured  are  Cots, 
Folding  Beds,  Folding  Chairs,  Bench-wringers, 
Eefria'erators,  Fancy  Oars,  Steel  Sleds,  School 
and  Hall  Furniture,  etc.  The}-  employ  about 
40  hands. 

Fontaine  Crossing  and  Signal.— This  ar- 
rangementfor Railway  use,  invented  by  Eugene 
Fontaine,  is  now  being  supplied  by  the  Fon- 
taine Crossing  and  Signal  Companj',  at  Toledo. 
It  was  incorporated  September  11,  1880,  with 
a  capital  of  ^100,(»00.  The  works  comprise  a 
mammoth  brick  structure,  50x250  ft.  in  size, 
and  are  supplied  with  all  the  latest  and  most 
approved  machinery.  The  Directors  are :  Ex- 
Governor  Ciiai-les  Foster,  ex-Governor  E.  K. 
Scott,  M.  I.  Wilcox,  C.  K.  Brandon,  S.  V.  Shelly, 
E.  Fontaine  and  G.  W.  Holston.  The  officers 
are:  C.  K.  Brandon,  President;  ex-Gov.  Scott, 
Vice  Presitlent;  S.  V.  Shelly,  Secretary  and 
Treasurer;  and  E.  Fontaine,  Superintendent. 
The  last  named  gentleman  is  in  charge  of  the 
business,  and  gives  it  his  undivided  attention. 

The  Voute  Excavating  Sewer  and  Drain- 
age Company.— C.  H.  Voute,  Contractor.  This 
Company  has  a  new  and  effective  process  of 
cleaning  ce.ss-pools,  catch-basins,  sewers  and 
other  vaults.  It  also  removes  ashes  and  rubbish 
of  every  description,  and  gives  special  attention 
to  the  construction  of  Sewers,  Drains,  Wells,  etc. 

PARTIAL  LIST  OF  MANUFACTURES. 

Axle  Manufacturers. — Tubular  Axle  Co. 

Awnings  and  Tents. — M.  I.  Wilcox  Cordage 
and  Supply'  Co. 

Barber  Chairs. — Earsom  &  Eandolph. 

Bent  Wood  Work. — Brigham,  Lamson  &  Co., 
W.  D.  Burgess,  Toledo  Bending  Co.,  Toledo 
Carriage  Woodwork  Co. 


Bicycles. — Gendron  Iron  Wheel  Co. 

Boat  Builders. — Hepburn  Brothers. 

Boiler  Makers. — Holzemcr  it  Loos,  liicard 
Brothei's,  Shoup,  Sperber  &  Co. 

Bolts  and  Nuts.— Toledo  Nut  and  Bolt  Co. 

Book  Binders  and  Blank  Books. — Blade 
Printing  &  Paper  Co.,  J.  T.  Frey,  Montgomery 
&  Vrooman,  The  B.  F.  Wade  Co.,  Wendt  & 
Eausch. 

Box  Manufacturers. — Blade  Printing&  Pajier 
Co.,  H.  E.  Davis  (Cigar),  John  JSTagely,  Ohio 
Pump  and  Box  Co.,  Union  Paper  Box  Co., 
George  Wilson  &  Sons  (Packing). 

Brass  Founders. — Shaw.  Kendall  &  Co.,  C. 
H.  Allen,  John  Shaw,  Valentine  Seeger. 

Brick  Man u tact  urers. — Spear,  Jacobs ct  Allen, 
J.  E.  Boice,  M.  W.  Brooker  &Co..  J.  B.  Fox  & 
Co.,  E.  B.  Hall,  Owen  &  Howell,  A.  E.  Macom- 
ber,  Mrs.  M.  A.  Stebbins. 

Bridge  Builders. — T.  II.  Hamilton,  Massillon 
Bridge  Co.,  Smith  Bridge  Co. 

Brush  Manufacturers. — The  Ames-Bonner 
Co.,  Toledo  Brush  Co. 

Candy  Manufacturers. — Crescent  Candy  Co., 
Worts,  Kirk  ct  Bigelow. 

Car  Builders. — The  Arms  Palace  Horse-Car 
Co.,  Consolidated  Polling  Stock  Co. 

Carriages  and  Wagons. — H.  P.  Benson,  John 
Bladon,  M.  J.  Cooney  &  Co.,  Joseph  Dorn- 
berger,  Milburn  Wagon  Co.,  John  Eajiparlie, 
F.  I.  Sur,  Peter  Welter. 

Carriage  Tops. — C.  Z.  Kroh  &  Brother. 

Cider  and  Vinegar. — Bergev  Brothers,  T.  B. 
Hine,  Victor  Gladieux. 

Cloaks.  —Alexander  Black. 

Coffee  and  Spice  Mills. — Woolsou  Spice  Com 
pan}!-,  George  W.  Boos,  Eagle  Sjtice  Mills,  To- 
ledo Spice  Company. 

Corset  Makers.— Mrs.  Nellie  Durr,  Mrs 
Mary  Loftus. 

Coopers. —P.  S.  Carr,  A.  H.  Hasenieyer, 
Louis  John,  Mueller  Brothers,  Edward  Mul- 
cahey,  J.  M.  Shunck  &  Brother,  Skidmore  & 
Thacher,  G.  H.  Steinkamp. 

Cot  Manufacturers. — Griffith  Portable  Cot 
Co.,  Toledo  Cot  and  Wringer  Manufacturing  Co. 

Divers. — Sub-Marine  —  Thacher  &  Brey- 
mann. 

Dredgers. — James  Eooney  &  Sons. 

Edge"^ Tools.— C.  H.  Moore. 

EltH.'tric  Light. — Toledo  Electric  Com]iany, 
Western  Electric  Light  and  Power  Co. 

Elevators. — Smith  k  Haldeman. 

Extracts. — John  Hotfman.  Keystone  Extract 
Co. 

Fertilizers.— S.  H.  Morgan  &  Co.,D.  F.  Eath. 

Filters.— The  Stevens  Filter  Co.,  John  N. 
Stevens. 

Flouring  Mills — Armada  Mills,  Dorr  Street 
Feed  Mill,  Manhattan  Mills,  McConnell  &  Co., 
Northwestern  Elevator  and  Mill  Co.,  Bechtol, 
Carney  &  Co. 

Founders  and  Machinists. — Herbert  Baker, 
Natbaniei    Haughtou,   H.  B.  Milmiue   &  Co., 


MANUFACTURES. 


789 


Shaw,  Kendall  &  Co.,  Edward  McLcary.  Jr., 
Toledo  Foundry  and  Machine  Co.,  Smith  k 
Ealdeman,  George  W.  Heartley,  Vulcan  Iron 
Works. 

Furniture. — Conant  Brothers  Furniture  Co., 
Meilink  Furniture  Co.,  T.  J.  Collins  k  Co., 
Schauss  ^MainiliK'turing  Co.,  Hillebrandc^  Foth. 

Galvanized  Iron  Cornice. — J.  L.  Crcswell, 
G.  F.  C.  Kloeppinger. 

Gold,  Silver  and  Nickel  Platers. —  Gendron 
Iron  Wheel  Co.,  M.  F.  Eichards. 

Gi'avel  Roofers.— Edward  Arnold,  Jo.9eph 
Livers,  N.  T.  Ketcham. 

Hats. — Aniander  Ford,  Charles  Cefel, 

Horse  <!"ollars— J.  E.  Quinn. 

Knit  Goods-Jacob  Mandler,Roth&  Friedman. 

Japanned  Ware.--E.  P.  Breckenridge  &  Co. 

Lithogra]ihers.  — Locke  ct  Trowbridge. 

Marble  Works.'—Eckliardt  Brothers,  Blank 
&  Girard,  John  O'Farrell,  Lloyd  Brothers, 
Producers  Marble  Co.,  Louis  Haring,  Woodruff 
Brothers,  Samuel  Clarke. 

Overalls. — L.  S.  Bortree. 

Packers. — ^Y.  O.  Brown  &  Son,  Jacob  Fol- 
ger,  Jacob  Kurtz. 

Paint  Manufacturers. — Buckeye  Pain tct  Var- 
nish Co.,  Doljjhin  Color  Works,  Toledo  Paint 
&  Varnish  Co. 

Perfumers. — George  Lorenz,  Philijj  Lorenz, 
John  Hoffman. 

Photographers.— E.  H.  Alley,  O.  G.  Fields,  S. 
Benster,  G.  H.  Chesebro,  D.  B,  Claflin,  George 
Fields,  John  Koella,  McKecknie  &  Oswald,  E. 
J.  O'Learv,  Mrs.  M.  D.  Quinn,  N.  J.  Peter, 
Arthur  &  Phiibri(?,  John  Chrisman,  F.  J.Trost, 
W.  F.  Van  Loo. 

Picture  Frames. — The  Ohio  Moulding  and 
Picture  Frame  Co.,  The  Toledo  Moulding  Co. 

Pins. — Great  Western  Pin  Co. 

Planing  Mills. — Diamond  Planing  Mill  Co., 
Goulet  Manufacturing  Co..  John  S.  Eck  &  Co., 
Victor  Gladieux,  Maciaren  &  vSprague,  Mitchell 
&  Eowland  Lumber  Co.,  J.  V.  Sanfleet,  The  C. 
H.  Schroeder  Co.,  Toledo  Door,  Sash  &  Blind 
Co.,  J.  S.  Jlorgan,  Western  Manufacturing  Co., 
Witker  Manufacturing  Co.,  Young  &  Miller, 
Barbour  &  Stan-,  W.  H.  H.  Smith  Co. 

Plows. — Toledo  Plow  Co. 

Pumps. — Ohio  I'ump  &  Box  Co.,  Toledo 
Pump  Co. 

Eolling  Mills.— Maumee  Rolling  Mill  Co. 

Rubber  Stamps. — Wyman  Boardman,  Toledo 
Rubber  Stam])  Co. 

Rugs  and  Rug  JIachines. — E.  Ross  &  Co. 

Saw  Manufacturers. — Tillinghast&  Co.,  Hugh 
Bai-tley,  Northwestern  Haw  Works  (August 
Mertz). 

Shirt  Manufacturers.— Garvin  &  Johnson.  C. 
N.  D.  Meade,  Miss  E.  N.  Cunningham. 

Staves  and  Heading. — The  Dewey  Stave  Co., 
D.  N.  Trowbridge  (also  hoops),  Trowbridge  A: 
Eddy.  ' 

Soap  Manufacturers. — Assemblies  Soap  Co., 
John  Bell  &  Co.,  S.  W.  Bell  &  Co. 


Tile— M.W.Brooker  &  Co.,  Owen  &  Howell. 

Tobacco. — Buckeye  Tobacco  Works,  Toledo 
Tobacco  Works. 

Trunk  Manufacturers. — W.  II.  liii-kencamj) 
&  Co.,  ■(.  B.  8he])lcr,  Kggeman,  Duguid  it  ('o. 

Wheelbarrows. — G.  W.  Thomas  &  (Jo. 

Wire  Signs. — Toledo  Wire  and  Iron  Works. 

Wine  (J rowers  and  Manufacturers. — Lonk 
Wine  Company,  K.  W.  E.  Koch. 

Woodworking  Machinerv. --Herbert  Baker, 
W.  W.  Cooke. 

Wooden  and  Willow  Ware. — Union  Manu- 
facturing Co.,  Dunscomb  k  Co.,  Spi-oss  Bros. 

MICHAEL  J.  ENRIGHT  was  born  in  Cin- 
cinnati, March  5,  1^45.  of  Irish  jjarentage.  The 
family  removed  to  Toledo  in  1853.  His  carl}' 
educational  advantages  were  comparatively 
good,  his  father  being  an  educated  man,  having 
been  a  Professor  of  Ijanguages  in  an  Kiiglish 
College.  His  mother,  Anna  Theresa  Mahoii 
Enright,  was  a  writer  of  considerable  note,  and 
contributed  to  the  Toledo  papers.  She  died  in 
1859,  when  the  son  was  sent  to  School  at  Notre 
Dame  College,  Indiana.  For  the  first  year  ho 
was  at  the  Manual  Labor  School,  and  for  one 
and  a  half  years  at  the  Seminary.  The  object 
of  bis  father  at  this  time  was  to  fit  him  for  the 
Priesthood.  Not  taking  kindly  to  such  plan, 
he  left  Notre  Dame  without  his  father's  ap- 
proval, and  returned  to  Toledo,  where  he  en- 
gaged to  learn  the  Carpenter's  trade  with  Ed- 
ward Maloue.  His  wages,  not  being  sufficient 
to  meet  his  expenses,  he  obtained  employment 
in  a  Tub  and  Pail  Factory,  where,  in  addition 
to  his  regular  labor,  he  kept  the  time-book  of  the 
men,  and  got,  in  all,  80  cents  per  day.  At  the 
end  of  six  months  of  this  service,  and  when  17 
year.s  old  (in  1802),  he  enlisted  as  private  in 
the  Union  Army,  being  mustered  into  Company 
H,  One  Hundreth  and  Eleventh  Ohio  Volunteer 
Infantry.  He  was  subsequently  appointed  as 
Lieutenant,  and  served  out  his  term  of  enlist- 
ment (three  years)  with  sjiccial  credit  for  fidel- 
ity and  courage.  He  went  with  his  Regiment 
to  the  Army  of  the  Ohio  (General  Bucll),  and 
participated  in  the  campaignsof  that  command. 
He  was  with  it  in  the  pursuit  and  capture  of 
John  Morgan  ;  in  the  East  Tennessee  campaign 
of  General  Burnside  ;  in  the  Atlanta  campaign 
and  the  Franklin  and  Nashville  campaigns  un- 
der General  Thomas;  and  took  part  in  the 
capture  of  Fort  Anderson  and  'iVilmington. 
He  was  slightly  wounded  at  Dallas,  Georgia  ; 
was  captured  by  Wheeler's  Rebel  Cavalry  at 
Kingston,  Georgia,  but  made  his  escape  while 
crossing  the  Etowah  River.  He  was  mustered 
out  with  Regiment,  in  18C5.  Returning  to 
Toledo,  at  the  age  of  20  years,  he  obtained  the 
situation  of  Entry  (lerk  in  the  Wholesale  Dry 
Goods  House  of  Luce,  Chapin  &  Blass.  In  IStiT 
he  went  to  Rochester,  New  York,  to  become 
Clerk  in  a  Hotel ;  but  soon  accepted  the  posi- 
tion of  Clerk  for  the  Manager  of  the  New  York 


790 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Oil  Company,  where  he  remained  for  two 
years.  Eetui-ning  again  to  Toledo,  he  became 
a  Shipping  Clerk  for  Chase,  Isherwood  &  Co., 
Tobacco  Mauuihcturcrs.  At  the  age  of  25 
(1870),  he  was  appointed  Deputy  Sheriff.  In 
1872  he  was  elected  County  Clerk,  being  re- 
elected in  1875,  and  in  1878,  serving  three  terms 
and  retiring  in  1881.  From  1881  to  1885,  he 
was  the  Manager  of  the  Toledo  Transfer  Com- 
pany. In  1885,  in  connection  with  Frank  C. 
Smith,  he  established  the  Toledo  Brush  Corn- 
pan}-,  at  170-171  St.  Clair  Street,  wliich  is  still 
in  successful  operation,  Mr.  Enright  retain- 
ing his  interest  in  the  Transfer  Company.  He 
was  in  September,  1887.  elected  President  of 
the  Toledo  Business  Men's  Committee,  organ- 
ized for  promoting  the  general  interests  of  the 
City,  and  more  especially  for  making  known 
and  giving  effect  to  Toledo's  advantages  as  a 
manufacturing  and  commercial  point.  In  188C, 
Mr.  Enright  consented  to  the  use  of  his  name, 
as  a  candidate  for  nomination  for  Congress  by 
the  Democratic  Convention,  in  opposition  to 
Frank  II.  Hurd,  and  lacked  but  few  votes  of 
success.  For  several  years  he  has  been  a  Direc- 
tor of  the  Tri-State  Fair  Association;  and  is 
President  of  the  Petoskey  Lime  and  Stone 
Company.  With  George  G.  Hadley,  he  pur- 
chased the  patent  of  the  Arthur  Engine,  which 
the}"  are  now  manufacturing  at  Toledo.  Left 
entirely  to  his  own  resources  when  16  yefirs  of 
age,  his  subsequent  life  was  the  result  of  his 
unaided  will  and  effort.  He  malces  special 
recognition  of  the  benefits  derived  throughout 
from  the  good  foundation  furnished  him  in  the 
education  supplied  by  his  parents;  and  with 
that  he  associates  the  early  lesson  of  self- 
reliance,  so  fully  taught  him  in  unavoidable 
experience.  January  22,  1872,  he  was  mar- 
ried to  Miss  Amelia  A.,  daughter  of  Caj^tain 
J.  C.  Purdy,  of  Toledo. 

ISAAC  D.  SMEAD.  Among  those  who  have 
made  successful  efforts  in  the  department  of 
Applied  Science  is  Isaac  D.  Smead,  of  this  City, 
the  bead  of  several  associated  firms  known  as 
the  Smead  Warming  and  Ventilating  Com- 
pany. Mr.  Smead  was  born  in  Coleraine, 
Franklin  County,  Massachusetts,  July  31, 1849. 
His  father,  Ezra  Smead,  was, a  mechanic,  and 
added  to  his  resources  in  providing  for  his 
family  by  the  cultivation  of  a  small  farm. 
Isaac  was  brought  up  in  the  quiet  New  Eng- 
land home,  where  he  attended  the  District 
School,  and  completed  his  opportunities  for 
education  by  two  or  three  terms  at  a  Select 
School.  His  naturally  energetic  spirit  soon  re- 
belled against  the  monotony  and  conservatism 
of  rural  New  England  life,  and  at  the  age  of 
16,  against  the  wishes  of  bis  parents,  be  left 
home,  determined  to  seek  a  more  congenial 
situation.  He  naturally  sought  the  young  and 
growing  West.  Good  fortune  (as  it  turned 
out)  led  him  to  Bloomington,  Illinois,  where, 


strange  as  it  may  appear,  he  came  at  once  in  • 
contact  with  the  conditions  which  determined 
his  future  course  and  led  him  to  the  successfiil; 
solution  of  his  life  problem.     It  is  w^ell  known; 
that  Mr.  Smead  has  devoted  over  20  years  of 
his  life  to  the  most  persistent  and   assiduousi 
efforts  to  solve  the  problem  of  warming   andi 
ventilating    bouses    and    public   buildings  ini: 
accordance  with  the  principles  of  Sanitary  sci- 
ence, and  that  his  efforts  have  been  remarkably 
successful. 

In  this  climate  and  in  the  Northern  and 
middle  latitudes  generally,  where  artificial 
heat  is  so  much  depended  upon,  and  where,  at 
the  same  time,  good  ventilation  as  a  condition 
of  health  is  among  the  prime  necessities,  few 
enterprises  can  equal  in  Sanitary  and  economic 
value,  the  one  in  which  Mr.  Smead  is  engaged; 
and  his  success  is  to  be  regarded  in  the  light  of 
a  public  benefaction. 

The  starting-point  of  Mr.  Smead's  career  in 
this  undertaking  was  with  the  firm  of  W.  A. 
Pennell  &  Co.,  with  whom  he  first  found  em- 
ployment on  his  arrival  at  Bloomington  in 
1867,  the  firm  having  been  organized  but  a 
short  time  previously.  In  giving  a  brief  his- 
tory of  the  firm,  w-e  shall  show  the  relation  of 
Mr.  Smead  to  Mr.  Euttan,  upon  whose  original 
system  he  has  made  so  many  important  im- 
provements. 

The  questions  of  Sanitary  heating  and  ven- 
tilation had  been  widely  discussed,  but  no 
attempt  bad  been  made  to  solve  them  scientific- 
ally and  practically  prior  to  the  efforts  of  Hon. 
Henry  Euttan,  of  Coburg,  Canada.  Mr.  Euttan, 
after  "devoting  years  of  careful  study  to  the 
subject,  and  procuring  several  patents,  pub- 
lished in  1862,  a  large  volume  setting  forth  the 
theories  which  form  the  underlying  principles 
of  the  system  generally  known  as  the  Euttan 
System  of  Warming  and  Ventilation.  Among 
the  first  to  be  convinced  of  the^jracticability  of 
Mr.  Euttan's  system  was  B.  E.  Hawley,  of 
Normal,  Illinois,  who  in  1866,  with  the  desigQ 
of  putting  the  system  into  practice,  became 
associated  with  W.  A.  Pennell  and  Lemuel 
Gi-over,  under  the  firm  name  of  W.  A.  Pennell 
&  Co.  It  was  but  a  short  time  after  the  organ- 
ization of  this  firm  when  young  Smead  became 
connected  with  it. 

It  is  not  our  intention  to  follow  the  suc- 
cesses and  failures  of  the  new  enterprise,  which 
upon  all  sides  was  surrounded  by  obstacles. 
At  the  outset,  the  experiments  in  which  the 
firm  were  engaged  in  reducing  Mr.  Euttan's 
theories  to  practice,  no  less  than  the  scientific 
principles  involved  in  them,  enlisted  the  nat- 
ural genius  of  the  boy,  and  he  engaged  in  the 
work  with  all  the  zeal  of  a  veteran  scientist. 
So  rapid  was  his  progress  in  a  field  of  labor  so 
interesting  to  him,  and  so  efficient  did  be  be- 
come, that  upon  the  organization  of  the  Com- 
pany which  succeeded  the  firm  in  1872,  he  was 
chosen  its  Secretary.     The  new  Company  be- 


LABOR  ASSOCIATIONS. 


701 


gan  at  once  to  push  the  enterprise  with  vigor, 
expending  several  thousand  dollars  in  improv- 
ing olil  patteiMis  and  making  new  ones  ;  so  that 
at  the  end  of  four  years,  scarcely  a  pattern  re- 
mained that  had  been  in  use  when  the  Com- 
panj-  was  organized.  During  this  period  Mr. 
Smead  developed  great  ingenuity'  and  fertility 
of  resource  in  overcoming  mechanical  obsta- 
cles seemingly  insurmountable.  But  the  Com- 
pany, contrary  to  his  advice,  made  an  unfortu- 
nate investment  in  iron,  which  compelled  them, 
ill  tlie  Spring  of  1877,  to  suspend  operations. 
But  lor  Mr.  fSmoad's  indomitable  euergj-  in 
this  crisis,  the  toil  and  labor  of  years  would 
have  been  lost.  Soon  thereafter  a  new  Com- 
pany was  organized,  of  wLiich  he  was  made 
President,  the  offices  were  removed  to  Chicago, 
and  once  more  the  business  moved  forward. 
After  two  years,  a  new  office  was  opened  in 
Kansas  City.  In  1882,  another  office  was 
established  in  Toledo,  under  the  firm  name  of 
Isaac  D.  Smead  &  Co.  Early  iu  1885,  from 
the  employes  of  the  Toledo  Company,  two  new 
Companies  were  formed,  which  bear  Mr. 
Smead's  name— Smead  Warming  and  Ventilat- 
ing Company — one  with  offices  at  Elmira,  New 
York,  and  the  other  at  Philadeli^hia.  In  1886 
another  firm  was  organized,  with  offices  at 
Toronto,  Canada.  These  six  firms  are  joined 
together  in  an  Association  called  The  Kuttan 
Warming  and  Ventilating  Association  of  the 
United  States,  of  which  Mr.  Smead  is  President. 

It  is  simple  justice  to  Mr.  Smead  to  say  that 
to  his  instrumentality, more  than  to  thatof  any 
other  man,  is  due  the  success  of  this  great  and 
uselul  entei'prise.  Of  the  fourteen  patents  em- 
ployed in  the  application  of  the  Ruttan-Smead 
system,  all,  with  the  excej^tiou  of  two  or  three, 
are  the  inventions  of  Mr.  Smead.  In  fact,  so 
much  does  the  present  system  owe  to  the 
changes  produced  in  it  by  his  improvements, 
that,  vFere  the  originator  alive  to-day,  he  would 
not  recognize  in  the  present  system  that  which 
originally  bore  his  name. 

To  show  the  rapid  growth  of  the  business 
under  Mr.  Smead's  management,  it  is  only 
necessary  to  state  that  in  1877  the  amount  of 
iron  manul'actured  into  apparatus,  amounted  to 
about  200,000  pounds,  while  in  1887  over 
5,000,000  pounds  were  made. 

In  1885,  Mr.  Smead  issued  a  volume  in  which 
he  reviewed  the  history  of  the  rise  and  progress 
of  the  system  with  which  he  has  been,  almost 
from  its  incejjtion,  so  intimately  identified.  It 
18  an  interesting  document,  showing  how 
thoroughly  conversant  he  is  with  the  problem 
into  the  practical  solution  of  which  he  has 
coined  so  much  of  his  own  brain  and  energy. 

Besides  the  engrossing  labors  involved  in 
this  extensive  business,  being  the  executive 
head  of  the  four  firms  we  have  mentioned,  his 
energies  have  led  him  into  other  fieldd  of  en- 
terprise. He  owns  and  cultivates  a  large 
orange  grove  in  Florida,  and  is  Vice  President 


of  the  Toledo  Marine  Compan}-,  and  is  a  Direc- 
tor in  several  other  Companies. 

A  Republican  in  ])olitics,  he  isilecidod  in  his 
convictions,  it  being  no  pari  of  his  nature  to  be 
neutral  or  to  compromise  anytl)ing  which  he 
holds  as  a  matter  of  princii)le  or  dutj-.  The 
cares  of  his  business  have  prevented  him,  even 
though  he  was  so  dispo.sed,  from  taking  any 
active  part  in  political  affairs.  Although  he 
has  never  sought  or  solicited  any  political 
office  or  appointment,  he  has  held  since  1880, 
and  filled  with  his  usual  energy  and  compe- 
tency for  the  discharge  of  executive  business, 
a  place  in  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the  Ohio 
State  Penitentiar}',  to  which  he  was  appointed 
by  Governor  Foraker.  He  is  also,  by  appoint- 
ment of  the  Centennial  Directors,  Commis- 
sioner of  the  Department  of  Mechanics  and 
Machinery  at  the  Oliio  Centennial  in  1888. 

The  career  of  Mr.  Smead,  thus  imperfectly 
outlined,  will  indicate  somewhat  his  mental 
traits  and  endowments.  One  of  his  distinguish- 
ing characteristics  is  his  intuitive  sagacity  Iti 
judging  of  men.  He  seems  to  know  bj*  intui- 
tion the  right  person  tofiU  anj-  ])lace  which  he 
wants  filled,  and  perhaps  this  is  the  secret  of 
the  little  friction  and  disturbance  which  occui-s 
in  his  extensive  business.  His  power  of  organ- 
ization, and  his  executive  ability,  enable  him 
to  systematize  and  easily  manage  a  large 
force  of  emplo3es,  and  his  uniform  cour- 
tesy to  all,  secures  him  the  good  will,  not 
onlj'  of  every  one  in  his  emploj',  but  of  the 
many  customers  and  the  large  number  of 
public  men  and  private  citizens  with  whom  he 
is  constantly  in  business  relations.  He  is  of  a 
nature  to  attract  and  invite  trust  and  confi- 
dence, and  it  is  never  misplaced  or  betrayed. 
His  social  and  genial  qualities — frank  and 
straightforward,  without  being  blunt  or  obtru- 
sive— give  a  charm  to  his  manners,  and  render 
him  one  of  the  most  agreeable  of  companions. 

But  it  is  in  the  circle  of  his  home — guarded 
as  it  is  by  an  estimable  wife,  the  daughter  of 
Hon.  J.  W.  Armstrong,  of  LaSalle  Countj', 
Illinois,  whom  he  married  in  1874,  and  his  two 
boys — that  Mr.  Smead  finds  his  highest  enjoy- 
ment. And  here  his  virtues,  as  an  exemplary 
husband  and  father,  testify  to  the  noblest  quali- 
ties of  his  manhood.  His  home  is  one  of  the 
most  attractive  in  the  City,  and  furnishes  a 
pleasant  I'etreat  from  the  engrossing  cares  of 
an  extensive  business. 

LABOR  ASSOCIATIONS. 

The  first  distinctive  organization  in  Toledo 
composed  of  laboring  classes,  was  the  Toledo 
Mechanics'  A.ssociation,  which  was  formed  at  a 
meeting  of  resident  Mechanics  held  February 
4,  1843.  Austin  Willej-  was  the  Chairman,  and 
Ira  L.  Clark  the  Secretary  of  the  meeting. 
It  was  resolved  to  form  themselves  into  an 
association,    "  for    the    purpose   of  protection 


792 


mSTORY  OP  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


against  the  combinations  on  the  part  of  em- 
ploj-ers,  speculators  and  traders."  Ttie  moral 
and  intellectual  improvement  of  its  members 
was  declared  to  be  a  leading  object  of  the  move- 
ment. 

In  February,  184-i,  the  Toledo  Mechanics' 
Library  Association  was  started,  with  the  fol- 
lowing officers:  President,  Joseph  Jones;  Vice 
President,  J.  N.  Mount ;  Secretary,  I.  L.  Clark ; 
Treasurer,  A.  W.  Fairbanks;  Librarian, James 
Love :  Directors,  Peter  H.  Shaw,  John  P.  Free- 
man, and  Granville  Jones.  In  February,  1845, 
these  officers  were  re-elected. 

At  the  dates  named,  there  was  but  limited 
extent  of  organization  among  the  different 
branches  of  industry,  and  such  was  confined 
chiefly  to  the  larger  Cities.  Since  that  time, 
the  increase  in  that  direction  has  been  constant, 
until  now  most  departments  of  industry  have 
thorough,  extensive  and  effective  organization, 
whose  23ower,  from  time  to  time,  is  made  mani- 
fest. It  would  be  impracticable  here  to  furnish 
detailed  mention  of  the  progress  of  such  organ- 
ization in  Toledo,  and  it  will  suffice  to  give  the 
following  list  of  existing  Labor  organizations 
there : 

KNIGHTS  OF  LABOR. 

Local  Assemblies  attached  to  District  Assem- 
bly No.  72,  K.  of  L.; 

No.  1942— Tell. 

No.  2277 — Maumee. 

No.  2579— Peter  Cooper. 

No.  3031— Liberty  (German). 

No.  3315— Lincoln. 

No.  4857 — .Advance. 

No.  9779- Fortschritt  (German,  Ladies). 

No.  9966— (Polish.) 

No.  10062 — Joan  of  Arc  (English,  Ladies). 

TRADES-UNIONS  OF  'lOLEUO. 

Bakers'  Union. 

Bricklayers'  LTnion. 

Carpenters'  and  Joiners'  LTnion. 

Cigar  Makers'  Union. 

Grain  Trimmers'  Union. 

Horseshoers'  Union. 

Iron  Moulders's  Union. 

Longshoremen's  LTnion. 

Plasterers'  Union. 

Painters'  Union. 

Plumbers',  Gas  and  Steam-Fitters'  Union. 

Seamen's  Union. 

Toledo  Typographical  Union. 

Tinners'  "and  Sheet-Metal  Workers. 

PETER  GBNDRON  was  born  at  St.  Ours, 
Canada,  February  23,  1844.  He  is  the  son  of 
John  B.  Gendrou,  who  was  born  at  Centre 
Coeur,  Canada,  January'  30,  1800,  and  died  in 
1878.  His  mother,  Lucie  Dudvoir,  was  born  in 
Sorel,  Canada,  in  1818,  and  died  in  1880.  Peter 
remained  in  his  native  Village  until  1854,  when 
his  family  moved  to  Southbridge,  Massachu- 
setts. At  the  age  of  11  years,  he  commenced 
working  in  a  Woolen  Mill,  and  continued 
there  until  he  was  15  years  old.     In  1859,  his 


father  moved  to  Coaticooke,  Canada,  wbere  he 
purchased  a  large  farm.  Having  a  family  of 
10  children,  of  whom  five  wore  boys,  with  the 
assistance  of  the  latter,  ho  also  engaged  in  man- 
ufacturing and  repairing  wagons,  such  being 
his  trade.  Here  Peter  began  to  develop  his 
inventive  skill,  and  even  at  this  early  age  in- 
troduced improvements  in  the  work  on  which 
he  was  engaged,  which  characteristic  was  so 
notably  marked  in  his  after  life.  At  the  age 
of  21  (in  1865),  he  was  married  with  Deliraa 
Trudeau,  who  was  born  at  St.  Michael,  Canada, 
September  28,  1845.  In  the  same  year  of  his 
marriage  he  moved  to  Toledo.  Here  he  was 
employed  as  Pattern-maker  by  Russell  & 
Thayer,  proprietors  of  the  Toledo  Novelty 
Works,  in  whose  service  he  continued  for  six 
years.  In  1871  he  moved  his  family  to  Detroit, 
where  he  was  also  engaged  as  a  Pattern-maker 
by  the  Detroit  Safe  Company.  While  there, 
he  invented  his  first  wire  wheel.  He  then 
removed  to  Toledo  and  put  his  invention  in 
operation  by  introducing  it  on  children's  car- 
riages, and  in  so  doing  he  was  the  first  manu- 
facturer of  children's  carriages  with  wire 
wheels.  In  1877,  with  three  other  workmen, 
he  started  a  factory  at  North  Toledo  ;  but 
through  lack  of  capital  the  enter])rise  failed  of 
success.  Financial  disaster  did  not  shake  the 
confidence  of  Mr.  Gendron  in  his  patents,  but 
with  energy  and  perseverance,  he  commenced 
alone  the  manufacture  of  carriages  in  the  upper 
part  of  his  dwelling,  assuming  the  debts  of  the 
dissolved  firm.  After  nearly  three  years,  by 
hard  labor  against  insurmountable  obstacles, 
he  succeeded  in  establishing  a  market  for  his 
goods,  and  placed  the  business  on  a  paying 
basis.  In  the  Fall  of  1880  he  organized  the 
stock  Company,  now  known  as  the  Gendron 
Iron  Wheel  Company,  and  for  three  years  the 
business  was  carried  on  at  218  Summit  Street. 
In  1883  the  works  were  moved  to  their  present 
quarters,  corner  Superior  and  Orange  Streets, 
in  a  four-story  building,  100x100  feet,  erected 
expressly  for  them.  The  progress  during  the 
first  five  years  of  the  Company's  existence  was 
slow,  owing  to  the  mountainous  obstacles  that 
had  to  be  overcome.  First,  it  was  necessary 
to  contend  against  the  powerful  competition  of 
old  and  wealthy  manufacturers  of  wooden 
wheel  carriages  in  the  Eastern  States,  who  had 
their  scores  of  salesmen  and  their  trade  estab- 
lished for  j'ears.  In  order  to  meet  this  com- 
petition, Mr.  (^iendron  was  compelled  to  aban- 
don his  first  wheel,  because  it  was  too  expensive 
in  construction  ;  and  in  1882  he  invented  and 
obtained  a  patent  on  his  present  wheel,  which 
is  cheaper,  lighter  and  more  durable.  Even 
then  the  growth  of  the  business  was  not  satis- 
factory, nor  did  the  Company  obtain  a  high 
position  with  the  trade,  until  Mr.  Gendron  be- 
came associated  in  the  management  of  the 
business  with  men  of  push  and  energy  like 
himself.  These  associates  are  George  H.  Fisher 


^^^7>^^^ 


>^-^^x^ 


MANUFACTVRES. 


70.-? 


a.ud  Joshua  F.  Vogel.  Mr.  Fisher  is  a  native 
of  Ohio,  born  at  Piqua,  Miami  County,  in  1847, 
and  came  to  Toledo  in  1875  ;  for  10  years  he 
was  one  of  the  leailing  Druggists  of  the  City. 
Through  his  intimate  acquaintance  with  Mr. 
Gendron,  his  name  lieaded  tlie  list  of  subscri- 
bers to  tlie  capital  stock  of  the  Gendron  Iron 
Wheel  Company.  Mr.  Vogel  is  also  a  native 
ofObio,  born  at  Sidney,  Shelby  County,  in 
1858,  and  came  to  Toledo  in  his  14th  year. 
After  graduating  in  the  Toledo  Public  Schools, 
he  attended  the  Ohio  Wesleyaii  University. 
For  nine  years  he  was  prominently  connected 
with  one  of  the  leading  Grain  Commission 
houses  of  Toledo.  He  was  also  one  of  the  orig- 
inal subscribers  to  the  capital  stock  of  the 
Company.  During  the  past  few  years  through 
the  present  management,  the  business  of  the 
Company  has  grown  to  such  an  extent,  that  it 
has  recently  become  necessary  to  erect  another 
substantial  building  adjoining  their  old  quar- 
ters, which  now'  gives  them  a  building  with  a 
frontage  on  Superior  Street  of  220x100  feet, 
four  stories.  They  give  employment  to  275 
hands  the  year  round.  The  Company  has  a 
])aid  up  capital  of  $300,000.  The  officers  are 
G.  11.  Fisher,  President;  E.  D.  Scheble,  Vice 
President ;  J.  F.  Vogel,  Secretary  and  Treasu- 
rer ;  and  Peter  Gendron,  Superintendent.  The 
latter  position  Mr.  Gendron  has  held  from  the 
start.  During  the  last  few  years  he  has  ob- 
tained no  less  than  25  valuable  patents  on  ma- 
chines used  and  articles  manufactured  by  this 
Company,  to  whom  these  patents  are  assigned. 
j  Messrs.  Gendron,  Fisher  and  Vogel,  together 
with  Alfred  Gendron  and  L.  V.  Dusseau,  have 
established  a  large  factory  in  Toronto,  Ontario, 
where  thej'  are  manufaoturing  the  same  line  of 
goods  under  the  same  patents  obtained  in  Can- 
ada. This  Company  is  known  as  the  Gendron 
Manufacturing  Comi)any,  of  which  Peter  Gen- 
dron is  President.  Mr.  Gendron  has  passed  a 
remarkably  busy  cai-eer  in  Toledo,  and  while 
his  reputation  as  a  progressive  business  man 
has  been  gained  by  hard  personal  toils,  he  holds 
an  equally  good  place  in  the  opinion  of  all  who 
know  him  as  a  good  citizen,  ready  to  assist 
worthy  enterprises.  Mr.  Gendron  is  a  member 
of  St.  Joseph's  Catholic  Church,  of  which  he  is 
a  Trustee.  He  has  a  family  ot  two  cliildren — 
a  daughter,  Delima,  born  JuneC,  1870,  and  a 
son,  Adolph,  born  Augu,st28,  1877. 

MiLBiTRN  Wa(!ON  Works.— In  1873  the  Mil- 
burn  Wagon  Co.  of  Mishawaka,  Indiana,  one  of 
the  most  successful  establishments,  proposed  to 
remove  its  works  and  transferitsbusiness  to  To- 
ledo, provided  a  local  subscription  of  stock  to 
the  amount  of  §300,000  be  added  to  a  like  amount 
to  he  represented  by  the  existing  property  and 
business.  The  matter  received  prompt  atten- 
tion from  prominent  citizens,  who  met  May  2, 
1873,  and  appointed  a  committee,  consisting  of 
Wesley  J.  Wells,  F.  J.   King  and  C.  P.  Griffin, 

61 


to  solicit  subscriptions  to  the  propo.sed  capital 
stock.  At  four  v.  m.  the  same  day,  at  an  ad- 
journed meeting,  the  committee  re])Orted  the 
total  amount  of  8300,000  subscribed  or  guar- 
anteed. Whereupon,  one  committee  was  ap- 
pointed to  select  a  site  for  the  Works,  and 
another  to  prepare  the  necessary  ])aper8,  in- 
cluding articles  of  incorporation. 

June  14tli,  the  Milburn  Wagon  Company  of 
Toledo  was  organized  by  the  election  of  George 
Milburn,  John  Milburn,  Geo.  K.  Hudson,  John 
H.  Whitaker,  W.  W.  Griffith,  A.  L.  Kolsoy  and 
Wm.  Baker,  as  Directors,  who  chose  (ieo.  Mil- 
burn,  as  President;  J.  IT.  Whitaker,  as  Vice 
President;  and  G.  E.  Hudson,  as  Secretary 
and  Treasurer.  June  24th  the  Directors  de- 
cided upon  the  site  for  the  Works,  consisting  of 
32  acres  of  land,  on  Monroe  Street  and  the  De- 
troit Branch  of  the  Lake  Shore  Railway,  of 
which  eight  acres  was  donated  by  Araasa 
Bishop,  five  acres  purchased  of  same,  and  10 
acres  purchased  of  T.  P.  Whitney,  for  which  24 
acres  $30,000  was  paid.  Stejjs  were  at  once 
taken  toward  the  provision  of  the  necessarj' 
buildings.  Ground  was  broken  Sejitcmber  '.), 
1873,  and  operations  in  the  factory  commenced 
in  the  vSpring  of  1875.  September  2i),  1870,  a 
disastrous  fire  destroyed  one  of  the  largest  build- 
ings, at  a  loss  of  1167,954,  with  §84,000  of 
insurance.  In  Decemljer,  1877,  another  fire 
destroyed  half  of  the  same  building.  Up  to 
1877  the  Company  manufactured  onlj'  farm 
Wagons.  In  that  year  spring  Wagons  and 
Buggies  were  added,  and  in  1878  this  branch 
of  the  business  was  largely  increased.  This 
extension  in  operations  has  continued  to  this 
time,  and  the  Company  now  manufactures  full 
lines  of  farm,  freight  and  general  teaming 
Wagons;  buggies,  carriagesandspring  Wagons; 
together  with  delivery  and  express  Wagons, 
Trucks  and  Drays.  Its  trade  extends  to  all 
parts  of  the  United  States,  and  to  some  foreign 
countries.  It  has  piosperous  branches  at 
Albany,  Minneapolis,  Omaha,  DesMoines,  Chi- 
cago, Austin  and  San  Antonio,  Texas;  with 
depots  at  Atlanta,  Ga.,  Kansas  City,  Denver, 
San   Francisco,  St.  Louis,  and    L'eoria,  Illinois. 

The  chief  officers  of  this  Compan}-  have  been 
as  follows: 

President,  Geo.  Milburn,  187:'.-«0;  J.  B.  Baldy, 
1880-.S8;  Vice  President,  J.  H.  Wliitalcer,  187:!-82, 
and  Bernard  Meiliuk,  1882-88;  Secretary  and 
Treasurer,  (Jeo.  K.  Hudson,  187:i-77  (when  the  two 
othces  were  separated);  Treasurer,  Geo.  R.  Hudson, 
1877-88;  Secretary,  J.  K.  Milburn,  1877-8;  Frank  D. 
Suydam,  1878-88. 


EUGENE  FONTAINE  was  born  near  Que- 
bec, Canada,  in  1834.  He  is  of  French  paren- 
tage. His  childhood  passed  without  even 
ordinary  educational  privileges,  and  with  very 
limited  advantages  of  other  kinds  necessary  to 
qualify  one  for  life's  struggle.  At  the  age  of 
IG  years,  he  left  home,  with  scarcely  a   rudi- 


794 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


mentary  education,  and  able  to  speak  the  Eng- 
lish language  to  but  limited  extent.  Going  to 
Eouse's  Point,  New  York,  he  engaged  as  an 
apprentice  in  the  machine  shop  of  the  Ogdens- 
burg  Eailroad,  where  his  native  mechanical 
genius  was  soon  developed.  At  the  end  of  three 
years,  he  left  that  establishment,  and  spent  an 
equal  length  of  time  in  travel,  visiting  Califor- 
nia, Australia,  China  and  South  America.  Ee- 
turning,  he  visited  New  Orleans,  and  soon  took 
charge  of  a  machine  shop  at  Algiers,  remaining 
there  one  year.  He  then  went  to  Montreal, 
Canada,  where  he  remained  for  a  year  in  a  state 
of  health  unfitting  him  for  work  of  any  kind. 
In  the  Fall  of  1858,  he  began  running  a  loco- 
motive between  Montreal  and  Eouse's  Point, 
that  being  the  first  steam  engine  he  ever  had 
seen,  on  the  occasion  of  his  first  visit  there 
eight  years  previously.  Serving  in  that  capac- 
ity for  two  years,  he  found  employment  as 
Foreman  in  the  machine  shops  of  the  Pitts- 
burgh, Ft.  Wayne  and  Chicago  Eailroad,  at  Ft. 
Wayne.  In  1859  he  took  charge  of  an  Express 
engine  on  that  road,  and  continued  in  like  ser- 
vice for  14  years,  with  success,  being  sijccially 
assigned  to  the  most  important  trains,  and 
during  the  period  named  traveling  over  GOO, 000 
miles,  with  remarkable  exemption  from  accident 
to  his  trains  and  without  injury  to  himself.  His 
leisure  hours  during  all  this  period  were  largely 
spent  in  studying  out  and  devising  inventions 
which  were  subsequently  matured,  and  have 
given  him  prominence  in  the  mechanical  world. 
His  first  I'esults  consisted  of  imj>rovements  in 
locomotives  and  ears.  In  1866  he  invented  a 
locomotive  smoke-stack  for  wood  burning, 
which  was  extensively  used  and  known  as  the 
Fontaine  Stack.  In  1866  he  had  patented  a 
live  stock  car,  with  movable  floors  for  making 
two  decks,  which  was  sold  to  the  Montgomery 
Palace  Stock-Car  Company  of  New  York  for  a 
large  sum.  He  had  then  invented  an  automatic 
fire-alarm,  which  came  into  extensive  use.  Then 
he  devised  a  wood  machine  for  the  manufacture 
of  pins ;  and  in  1872  he  organized  a  Pin  Factory 
at  Valparaiso,  Indiana,  with  a  capital  of  $100,- 
000,  he  acting  as  President  for  two  years.  He 
then  went  to  Detroit,  and  thei'e  organized  the 
National  Pin  Company  (yet  in  existence),  of 
which  he  was  the  Superintendent  until  1882. 
Nearly  all  the  valuable  machinery  of  this  es- 
tablishment was  the  product  of  his  inventive 
skill.  Early  in  his  Eailroad  experience,  he  be- 
came impressed  with  the  importance  of  pro- 
vision for  increased  Eailway  speed.  Such 
object  he  provided  for  in  1880,  by  the  applica- 
tion of  power  to  an  upjser  driver  wheel,  to  act 
by  friction  upon  one  below.  With  the  financial 
aid  of  others,  this  plan  was  developed  at  the 
Grant  Locomotive  Works,  Paterson,  New 
Jersey,  under  his  personal  supervision,  in  the 
construction  of  a  Fontaine  engine,  which  at 
once  commanded  the  attention  of  Eailway 
managers,  while  the  press  made  known  to  the 


world  the  extraordinary  qualities  of  the  ma- 
chine. Its  chief  peculiarity  consisted  in  the 
fact,  that  by  it  the  power  was  applied  by  a 
single  rod  on  each  side,  running  from  the 
cj'linder  to  a  large  drive-wheel  located  imme- 
diatel}^  above  the  front  driver  of  an  ordinary 
locomotive.  The  upper  drive-wheel  was  of  the 
same  dimensions  as  of  the  lower  one,  and  thus 
applied  the  principle  of  large  and  small  pulleys. 
Trial  trips  with  this  appliance  demonstrated 
its  capacity  for  making  faster  time  than  had 
been  attained.  The  passage  between  Amherst- 
burg  and  St.  Thomas,  Canada  (111  miles),  was 
made  in  the  unparalleled  space  of  98  minutes. 
Subsequently,  a  single  mile  was  made  in  42 
seconds,  which  yet  stands  as  the  fastest  move- 
ment on  record.  The  Scientific  American,  of 
November  5,  1881,  8j)oke  of  the  improvement 
as  one  that  "  could  not  fail  to  give  a  notable 
impetus  to  the  advancement  of  Eailway  engi- 
neering, and  to  the  social  and  commercial 
changes  incident  to  increased  facilities  for  rapid 
transit."  Two  other  like  engines  were  manu- 
factured and  successfully  used.  While  the  work 
performed  by  the  Fontaine  engine,  as  measured 
b}'  speed,  weight  of  train,  fuel  consumed  and 
economy  in  maintenance,  excelled  all  other  like 
machines,  the  inventor  and  those  interested 
with  him,  tailed  to  convince  Eailway  managers 
and  mechanical  experts  of  its  durability,  or 
that  greater  power  was  supplied  bj'  the  appli- 
cation of  one  driving-wheel  upon  another,  than 
tliat  received  through  the  piston.  Mr.  Fontaine 
has  never  yielded  his  belief  that  thorough  trial 
would  have  more  fully  vindicated  his  theory. 
While  at  Detroit,  he  invented  a  needle-making 
machine  of  complicated  construction,  capable 
of  making  60  jjerfect  needles  ready  for  temi^er- 
ing  per  minute,  an  entirely  new  operation.  In 
1882  he  was  instrumental  in  organizing  in 
New  York  the  American  Needle  Company, 
with  a  capital  of  S500,000,  of  which  he  was  the 
Superintendent  for  18  months,  when,  for  lack 
of  financial  management,  the  enterprise  was 
discontinued.  In  1883,  Mr.  Fontaine  came  to 
Toledo,  and  organized  the  Great  Western  Pin 
Companj^,  whose  establishment  is  located  near 
the  Milburn  Wagon  Works,  and  whose  opera- 
tions have  been  attended  with  success.  All  the 
machinery-  there  employed  is  of  his  invention. 
Each  machine  makes  400  pins  per  minute, 
being  nearly  double  the  capacity  of  any  other 
machine  ;  while  another  contrivance  sticks  in 
paper  2,700  pins  per  minute.  Mr.  Fontaine's 
latest  invention  consists  of  a  contrivance  for 
making  a  continuous  rail  where  one  track 
crosses  another.  The  crossing  consists  of  four 
short  pieces  of  rail,  mounted  on  iron  posts, 
firmly  resting  on  stone  foundations.  One  posi- 
tion of  these  rails  makes  a  continuous  line  over 
one  of  the  Eoads,  and  by  a  simple  contrivance 
they  can  be  turned  in  quadrant,  making  rail  for 
the  intersecting  track.  These  four  pieces  are 
also  connected  with  a  signal  indicating  their 


STATISTICS. 


795 


positions.  Tiie  Fontaine  Crossing  and  Signal 
Company  has  been  organized  for  the  manufac- 
ture in  Toledo  of  these  appliances.  Beside 
the  inventions  already  named,  is  the  nail  ma- 
chine recently  perfected.  It  makes  500  nails 
per  minute,  against  200  heretofore  produced. 
Machines  are  made  for  making  nails  from  five- 
eighths  of  an  inch  to  three  inches  in  length,  each 
being  adjusted  for  four  different  sizes.  No  less 
than  41  patents  have  been  granted  to  Mr.  Fon- 
taine, a  record  rarely  attained.  Though  com- 
paratively a  new  citizen  of  Toledo,  the  special 
prominence  gained  by  him  in  the  great  field  of 
mechanical  and  useful  invention,  and  especially 
his  identification  with  local  enterprises,  entitle 
him  to  recognition  in  this  volume.  Mr.  Fontaine 
was  married  in  1851  with  Catharine  Waite,  of 
Rouse's  Point,  New  York.  They  have  five  chil- 
dren— Eugene  Henry,  born  June  20,  1854,  now 
studying  mechanical  engineering  in  Europe  ; 
Georgie,  the  wife  of  George  A.  Fry.  of  Fort 
Wayne,  born  June  26,  1860;  Lillie,  wife  of  D. 
M.  Stewart,  of  Chicago,  born  January  22,  1863: 
Eugenie,  born  September  6,  1865,  and  William 
Alfred,  born  May  12,  1872. 

INDUSTRIAL  STATISTICS. 

We  give  below  a  tabular  statement  of  the 
Industries  of  the  City  of  Toledo  for  the  years 
1850,  1860,  and  1880,  comjjrising  the  different 
kinds  of  business,  the  number  of  establishments 
of  each,  the  capital  invested,  the  average  num- 
ber of  bands  employed,  the  average  yearly 
wages  paid  and  the  value  of  the  product.  Also, 
the  cost  of  the  material  is  included  in  the  state- 
ment for  1880. 

1850. 


1860. 


Bakery 

Boot  &  Shoe  Mak'g 
Book  Binding.. 
Brick  Making .. 
Cabinet  and  Fur' te 

Cooper  Shops 

Clothing 

Distillery 

Foundry  &  Mach. 

Shop 

Flouring 

Marble  Yard 

Planing  .Mill  ...  . 

Saw  Mills 

Sash  Factory 

Shingles '. 

Sail  Loft 

Saddle  and  Harn's 
Tin,  Sheet  Iron.ctc 
WagoT  and  Black 

smith  Work 

Totals 


38 


1 

$250 

fi 

2,150 

1 

400 

1 

1,000 

4 

3,850 

2 

1,150 

5 

10,800 

1 

16,000 

1 

7,500 

1 

22,000 

1 

2,000 

1 

7,500 

4 

8,800 

1 

1,200 

1 

300 

1 

1,000 

1 

1,000 

3 

6,500 

5,500 


S98,S00 


263 


ANNUAL  PRODUCT. 


Kind. 


$l,062'Bread,  etc... 
9,4aO'lSoots  and  Shoes 

720  Blank  Books 

2,400  Bricks 

7,920, Furniture,  etc.. 

3,600  Barrels 

9,.592  Clothing.. 

4,416|  Whiskey 


5,820 
2,160, 
2,400 ! 
2,5201 
7,260 
1,680 
480 
480 
1,080 
4,080 


Castings,  etc 

Flour 

Dressed  Marble. 
I'ressed  Lumber 

Lumber.. 

Sash,  Doors,  etc. 

Shingles 

Sails,  etc 

Saddlery,  etc  ... 
Tin  Ware,  etc—. 
Wagons,    Black- 
smiths, etc 


S70,80S|. 


Value. 


S7.000 

19,200 

2,000 

3,500 

14,300 

3,800 

22,000 

76,600 

10,000 

75,000 

4.000 

11,550 

29,500 

2,200 

1,.375 

1.500 

2.500 

11.500 

13,000 

304,525 


BUSINESS. 

1 

1 

1 

$660,700 

17,200 

3,0110 

81,000 

12,000 

800 

3.000 

15,000 

14,700 

74,400 

2,500 

11,600 

59,000 

98,000 

2,500 

3,800 

2,300 

500 

57,000 

22,C00 

60,500 

25,000 

3.000 

4,500 

6,000 

25,500 

58,000 

500 

I 

■§ 
s: 

885 
77 

9 
31 
80 

9 

7 
18 
29 
323 
17 
21 
48 
20 

5 
12 
34 

3 
46 
47 
64 
36 

12 
5 

37 

109 

2 

1 

■«1 

1 

100 
14 
2 
4 
4 
2 
1 
1 
5 
11 
5 
4 
2 
3 
2 
2 
3 
1 
4 
5 
6 
2 

1 
3 

8 
3 

1 

8288,024 

25,896 

2.610 

10,980 

23,100 

3,240 

2,400 

10.800 

11,184 

72,988 

4.560 

6,900 

17,100 

8,316 

2,100 

3,480 

3,408 

720 

13,680 

15,552 

17,880 

12,000 

1,(W0 

3,7,^ 

1,.560 

17.904 

21,810 

480 

$1,568,390 
60,325 
12.000 
124,500 
28,800 
6,000 
25,000 
75,000 
28,000 

■-w.ooo 

14,000 
29,800 
51,000 

407,000 
23,000 
27,500 
14,,500 
2,850 

208,000 
40,010 

10o,3l«l 
44,000 
12,000 
15,625 
27,000 

112,100 

180,000 
4,000 

Boots  and  Shoes 

Book  Binding 

Breweries 

Brick  Yards 

Boat  \ards. 

BridKe  Building 

Oai  I'^actorv 

Carriage  andBl'cksm'g 
Clothing  Manufac'ing. 
Cooper  Shops 

Furniture 

Foundry  &  Mach.Shop 

Flouring  Mills 

Gas  Fitters 

Lime  Kilns 

Marble  Works 

Orn.  Iron  Works 

Planing  Mills,  etc 

Saw  Mills 

.Shingles  and  Staves... 

Saddlery,  etc 

Soap  and  Candles 

Tin,  Sheet  Iron,  etc— . 
Tobacco  and  Cigars  ... 
Vinegar  Factory  

1880. 


INDUSTRIES. 


I 


All  Industries 

Blacksmilhing,  a 
Boots  and  Shoes, 6 

Bakeries 

Brick  and  Tile 

Brooms,  Brushes 
Carpenteriny^.-.. 
Clothing,  Men's. 
Clothing,  Women 
Coffee  and  Spices. 

Cooperage 

Drugs,  Chemicals 
Flour,  Grist  Mills 
Foundry  and  Jla^ 

chine  Shops 

Furniture,  c 

Hats  and  Caps... 

Liquors,  Malt 

Looking     Glasses 
Picture  Frames 
Lumber,  planed, d 
Lumber,  sawed  .. 
Marble  and  Stone 

Works 

Masonry.  Brick  & 

Stone 

Mineral  and  Soda 

Waters 

Painting  and  Pa- 
per Hanging 

Photographing... 
Plumbing  andGas 

Fitting 

Printing  and  Pub- 
lishing   

Roofing  and  Roof- 
ing Materials.,. 
Saddlery,  Harness 
Sash,    l3oors    and 

Blinds,  e 

Shipbuilding 


I 

d 
$5,534,285  67.38 


33,.565 
41,7,50 

100,.3OO 

39,000 

2,610 

90.800 

205,2l!0 
51,000 
69,000 
72,700 
43,000 

129,600 

267,000 

158,000 

17,00li 

450,000 

104,900 

18,.500 

428,000 

52,7,00 

26,600 

30,000 

17,200 
14,100 

24,8'0 

353,700 

9,000 
25,250 

336.300 
53,050 


66 
124 
129 
112 
206 
863 
36' 
279 

42 
142 

3; 

50 

272 
147 
124 
245 

110 

20 

249 


32. 


260,456 
30,875 
.57,203 
43,980 
24,(X10 
14,050 
90,005 
99,260 
49,180 
17.475 
42,045 
7,550 
23,000 

104,067 
45,490 
14,920 

107,351 

.34,419 

7.295 

83,900 

20,500 

8,354 

31,635 

11,373 
16,014 

141,322 

7,725 

23,055 
178,549 

48,860 
17,200 


36,855,317 

24  295 

94,672 

182,274 

12,950 

14,740 

227,520 

248,690 

143,000 

201.000 

65,695 

71,925 

562,500 

227.036 
77,450 
11,006 

463,200 

82,142 

16,550 

457,000 


26,600 

15,010 

27,470 
5,780 

40,3.'>9 

180,169 

9.300 
42,375 

344,000 
40,450 


10,600,074 

69,045 

181,488 

277,900 

47,000 

36.000 

356.770 

409.580 

225,000 

240,000 

139,731 

101,069 

619,720 

447,7.50 
152,100 
33,740 
827,16.1 

1.38,189 

3i,'<n0 

622,150 

86,500 

55,160 

34,800 

72,875 
29,810 

66,325 

401,616 

20,000 
77,275 

021, .iig 
100,300 


796 


BISTORY  OP  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ISSO— Continued. 


^ 

^ 

g 

VALUE. 

S 

g 

INDUSTRIES. 

a, 

^ 

.22 

i^ 

G 

1 

.V 

3 

1 

-:5 

i—i 

c 

T3 

c 

0 

= 

£ 

t^ 

tr^ 

'< 

■^ 

^ 

a, 

Slaughtering  and 

Packing,  / 

3 

86,000 

46 

40,255 

278,39.3 

333,600 

Tin,  Copper.Sheet 
Iron  Ware 

20 

58,400 

119 

118,942 

95,780 

171,270 

Tobacco,  Cliewing 

and  Smoking,  g 

3 

240,000 

251 

59.417 

384,383 

751,000 

Tobacco,     Cigars, 

Cigarettes,  fi 

aa 

41,950 

176 

7,450 

61,195 

196,22.3 

Upholstering,  i... 

4 

8,200 

23 

8,975 

28,400 

41,141 

Watcti  and  Clock 

Repairing  _ 
Wheelwright,  i... 

K 

5,200 

18 

5,750 

20,700 

14.600 

27 

10,.300 

7,650 

22,050 

Wire  Works 

H 

7.6110 

25 

8,200 

10,000 

22,200 

All  other  Indust's 

7S 

1,;80,950 

1715 

582,805 

1,524,598 

2,519,2'>4 

a  See  also  Wheelwrighting. 

6  See  also  Boots  and  Shoes. 

c  See  also  Furniture. 

d  See  also  Lumber,  planed. 

g  See  also  Sash,  Doors  and  Blinds. 

/  See  also  Slaughtering  and  Packing. 

ff  See  also  Tobacco.  Cigars  and  Cigarettes. 

h  See  also  Tobacco,  Chewing  and  Smoking. 

i  See  also  Furniture. 

j  See  also  Blacksmithing. 

STRIKES. 

The  most  extensive  and  sei-ious  "strike"  in 
this  conntiy  (to  that  time)  was  that  of  Eailway 
employees  in  the  suninier  of  1877.  Beginning 
on  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Eailway  in  West  "Vir- 
ginia, about  the  20th  of  July  the  outbreak 
extended  throughout  that  line,  and  very  soon 
reached  the  Pennsjivania  Road.  Pittsburgh 
was  the  scene  of  the  most  deadly  contest  be- 
tween the  riotous  "  strikers "  and  their  em- 
ployers and  the  civil  authorities.  July  21st,  a 
conflict  occurred  in  which  20  persons  were 
killed  and  a  large  number  wounded.  Among 
the  former  was  the  iSherifi'  of  Allegheny 
County,  and  of  the  latter  General  Pearson, 
commanding  the  State  troops  called  out  to  pre- 
serve order.  The  rioters  at  one  time  held  the 
entire  Eastern  iwrtion  of  the  City.  Special 
eiforts  were  made  for  the  destruction  of  the 
Eailroad  Company's  ^^roperty,  by  burning 
cars,  freight,  and  buildings.  It  was  estimated 
that  the  loss  from  this  cause  amounted  to 
several  millions  of  dollars. 

The  New  York  Central  and  Lake  Shore  line 
soon  became  involved,  as  did  most  of  the  roads 
in  the  North  and  West.  The  movement  was 
inaugurated  at  Toledo  at  1  o'clock  p.  m.  of  July 
23d,  when,  under  the  lead  of  parties  from 
Cleveland,  about  100  men  entered  the  Eailroad 
Shops  at  Air  Line  Junction,  shut  down  the 
engine  and  ordered  the  workmen  to  quit,  which 
they  did.  Veiy  soon  the  employees  in  the  ware- 
houses, yards  and  .freight-houses  joined  the 
movement,  and  operations  in  every  department 
were  suspended. 

The  prime  cause  of  this  upri,sing  was  the 
reduction  of  10  per  cent,  "in  wages.  Ibe 
freight-house  and  track  men  received  $1.00  per 


daj',  and  switchmen  $34  per  month.  It  was 
also  said  that  passes  had  been  denied  to  em- 
ployees, for  special  trips  while  on  the  line,  and 
the  doubling-up  of  trains,  wliereb}'  some  were 
thrown  out  of  employment  while  others  were 
required  to  do  additional  service.  The  Engi- 
neers chiefly  complained  of  a  new  classification 
system  adopted,  which  they  claimed  would 
operate  unjustly  on  them. 

On  the  part  of  the  employees,  it  was  de- 
manded : 

First — That  the  classificatioii  of  engineers  be 
abolished  forever.  Second — That  the  rate  of  pay  for 
engineers  be  $3.50  for  100  miles  or  less.  Tliird — that 
the  rate  of  pay  for  firemen  be  11.7.5  per  100  miles. 
Fourth — that  firemen  and  brakemen  be  furnished 
passes  on  the  division  where  they  work.  Fifth— that 
trainmen  be  paid  overtime  for  all  detentions  of  10 
hours  on  the  Erie  Division,  and  of  12  hours  on  the 
Toledo  Division,  at  the  regular  rate  per  day.  Sixth 
—  that  the  10  per  cent,  reduction  be  restoi'ed  to  all 
employees.  Seventh — That  the  Erie  Division  work- 
men receive  11.75  per  100  miles  or  less.  Eighth — 
that  no  men  be  discharged  for  participating  in  this 
movement.  That  yard  conductors  receive  ii;2.50 
per  day  ;  yard  day  brakemen  .$2.00 ;  and  night  brake- 
men  $2.15.  That  Toledo  Division  conductors  and 
brakemen  receive  pay  as  previous  to  June  1,  1S77. 
Eleventh — that  any  deviation  in  part  from  these 
terms,  be  considered  a  deviation  in  the  whole. 

A  large  meeting  of  strikers  and  .sj-mpathizers 
was  held  in  the  Fifth  Ward  July  23d,  which 
was  addressed  by  difterent  persons  in  spirit 
ami  terms  calculated  to  justify  the  movement 
and  inflame  jjassion  to  greater  lawlessness. 
The  main  result  of  the  meeting  was  the  adop- 
tion of  the  following  resolution  : 

Resolved,  That  we  request  every  laboring  man  to 
join  a  Laboring  Men's  organization  that  shall  co- 
operate and  sympathize  with  the  Railroad  men 
who  have  struck.  And  further,  that  every  laboring 
man  shall  abstain  from  working  until  he  receives 
$1.50  per  day.  And  also  that  we  appoint  a  commit- 
tee of  three  laboring  men  from  each  Ward,  to  call 
upon  the  proprietors  or  managers  of  all  factories, 
lumberyards,  and  firms,  and  request  tliem  to  pay 
their  hands  $1.50  per  day,  and  inform  them  that 
until  they  do,  their  hands  will  not  work. 

In  accordance  with  these  resolutions,  such 
committee  of  24  was  appointed  and  the  meet- 
ing adjourned  until  the  next  morning,  when  a 
large  crowd  assembled  at  the  United  States 
Hotel  and  organized  for  the  projwsed  visita- 
tion, by  the  selection  of  a  leader.  The  proces- 
sion embraced  about  200  men.  They  pro- 
ceeded from  Perry  down  Water  street  to  the 
Penn.sylvania  Eailroad  depot,  stopping  on  the 
way  to  call  upon  such  as  they  found  at  work 
to  liill  into  line,  which  many  did.  On  reach- 
ing a  factoi'V  or  other  establishnu-iit  employing 
hands,  the  leader  would  go  in  and  demand  a 
susfiension  of  work.  Usually  the  fbreniiin  would 
saj-  in  substance  :  "  But  our  men  are  satisfied 
with  their  wages.  What  will  be  the  result  if  they 
keep  on  at  work?"  The  leader  would  reply: 
"  It  makes  no  difl'erence  whether  your  men  are 


STRIKES. 


707 


satisfied  or  not.  No  one  is  to  work  until  all 
:iro  satisfied,  and  all  are  gettiiii;  iiniCorin  and 
0(|uitable  wages.  You  keep  on  woi-king  till 
f'lirtlaT  nolifo  at  your  own  risk.  You  take 
your  e-hancos."  At  another  plai-o  tlio  loader 
said  to  the  foreman  :  "  Y'ou  must  shut  down  ; 
and  don't  you  open  again,  either.  So  don't 
ld(.-k  about  it." 

Tlie  mob  passed  from  street  to  street,  carry- 
ing terror  wherever  they  went.  It  met  no 
resistance  at  any  point.  The  air  was  full  of 
rumoi-s  of  wiiat  the  leaders  designetl  to  do  in 
violence  and  plunder.  No  such  condition  of 
alarm  had  been  known  to  the  City.  Among 
the  establishments  visited  were  S.  C.  Schenck's 
Coal  Yard,  Walterhouse's  Lumber  Yard,  Loeb's 
Stone  Works,  David  Smith's  Saw  Mill,  Ainslie 
&  Masten's  Iron  Foundry,  Eussell  &  Thayer's 
Foundry,  the  Bending  Works,  and  Haugliton 
it  Kneisser's  Machine  VVoi'ks.  The  march  con- 
tinued from  10  A.  M.  until  about  3  p.  m.,  when 
it  was  suspended,  for  the  reason  that  all  places 
were  found  closed  after  that  hour. 

At  night,  the  mob  marched  to  the  Board  of 
Ti-ade  building  (corner  of  Water  and  Madison 
Streets),  with  threats  toward  dealers  in  grain 
or  other  food  jiroperty,  but  committed  no  act 
of  violence.  Thence  they  proceeded  to  the 
office  of  the  Commercial  (152  St.  Clair  Street), 
with  the  intention  of  forcing  a  suspension  of 
work  there,  that  jiapor  having  been  specially 
out-spoken  in  disapprovalof  their  proceedings; 
but  such  ])urpose  was  not  executed. 

U]ion  the  call  of  Mayor  Jones,  a  large  meet- 
ing was  hehl  at  Market  Space  (between  Monroe 
and  Washington  Streets),  on  the  evening  of 
this  demonstration  (July  25tli),  when  the  Mayor 
jii'esided,  and  brief  addresses  were  made  by 
Messrs.  J.  C.  I.ee,  C.  W.  Bond,  the  Mayor,  J.  C. 
Cotfman,  J.  R.  Swigart  and  others.  There  was 
an  evident  effort  by  the  lawless  to  defeat  the 
object  of  the  meeting,  but  that  did  not  succeed. 
A  resolution  was  adopted,  requesting  the  Mayor 
to  appoint  a  Committee  of  Safety,  to  consi.st  of 
not  less  than  20  from  each  Ward,  whose  duty 
it  was  made  to  enroll  the  law-abiding  citizens 
of  the  several  Wards,  and  to  assist  the  authori- 
ties in  sustaining  oi'der.  The  same  night  the 
Police  Board  passed  an  order  for  the  immediate 
<'losing  of  all  saloons  in  the  City,  tliey  to  be 
ke])t  closed  until  further  order.  The  Mayor 
very  .soon  announced  the  Committee  of  Safety 
proposed  b}'  the  meeting  of  citizens,  which  was 
as  follows: 

First  irar(?-S.  S.  Thorn,  W.  W.  Cook,  Fred.  Wit- 
kcr,  \Vm.  Baker,  J.  K.  Seney,  J.  E.  Bailev,  A.  T. 
Hatliaway,  M.  W.  Hubbell,  J.  T.  Greer,  J.  U.  Eitchie, 
Geo.  Mack,  Igiiace  Wernert,  C.  C.  Doolittle,  J.  W. 
Fuller,  Edwanl  Chapin.  A.  L.  Backus,  C.  L.  Luce, 
Hartwell  Oslwrn,  V.  J.  Fmmick,  A.  G.  Clark. 

Seconil  ]V(inl — N.  A.  Eggleston,  J.  F.  Ivinnear, 
H.  A.  C'lumiberlin,  C.  L.  Young,  B.  Meilink,  L.  W. 
Foster,  S.  H.  Bergen,  Phil.  Blank,  J.  C.  Wuertel, 
A.  H.  Newcomb,  Jos.  Heinl,  S.  S.  Linton,  E.  A.  Bas- 
sett,  P.  C.  Moross,  Thos.  Dunlap,  Henry  Spielbu.scL, 
Alex.  Weber,  E.  B.  Paine,  G.  H,  Fisher,  Fred,  Gratz. 


Third  Ward-C.  R.  Heath,  R.  H.  Bell,  Geo.  Emer- 
son, P.  H.  Ddwling,  A.  D.  Pclton,  Chas.  Jloyers,  C. 
ir.  (^.y,  C.  G.  Winiield,  fl.  Arms,  K.  H.  Warriner,  J. 
\V.  .Siniih,  A.  K.  liooil,  I'red.  Smith,  Calvin  Cone, 
Peti'r  Wachter,  Vincent  Hamilton,  >!.  liVons,  W.  T. 
Ui.lciionr,  Win.  B.  Taylor,  F.  W.  Preston,  W.  W. 
Trvon,  I).  B.  Sturgeon,  Langdon  Smith,  N.  M.  Ilnw- 
ard,  S.  M.  Young,  F.  J.  King,  T.  .M.  Cook,  E.  l:.  Wil- 
liams, Albert  Moore,  .John  Schunk,  .1.  IL  Nolen,  J.  T. 
Southard,  S.  H.  Standart.  C.  V.  Curtis,  S.  Grolf,  Na- 
thaniel Haughton,  Thos.  Tiernan,  ]•).  T.  Waite. 

Fanrlli  Ifhrt?— Rev.  Edward  llannin,  Guido  JIarx, 
Roger  Sheehy,  Fred.  Lang,  Sr.,  W.  W.  Grillith,  Christ. 
Woehler,  .lames  McCiettigan,  .T.  W.  Toullciton,  Chas. 
Dodge,  C.  S.  Curtis,  Geo.  Jfei.ssncr,  Horace  Thaclier, ' 
Jr..  John  Daiber,  Wni.  Breed,  Jolm  Huberich,  J.  T. 
Maher,  Chas.  Wittich,  R.  S.  Jennings,  Frank  Neis, 
II.  ti.  Nenbert,  James  Mc\'ery,  Geo.  Brenner. 

Fifth  Ifacrf— J.  E.  Phelps,  Cyrus  Spencer.  Homer 
Bishop,  Ed.  Otto,  ,\nios  S.  Kent,  Bernard  Kline,  r{. 
D.  Niles,  A.  W.  Jndkins,  P.  Christie.  Robert  !Iunter, 
I.  N.  Poe,  Geo.  Stebbins,  J.  IX  l<\)rd,  Geo.  Vetter,  S. 
W.  Freeman,  E.  P.  Raymond,  !>.  Eritz,  C.  Ricliard- 
son,  F.  E.  Seagrave,  Dennis  Fey,  C.  IL  Sawyer,  D. 
Leary,  James  Sullivan,  M.  Iliggins,  J.  S.  (irahani, 
Dennis  Sheahan,  P.  Garry,  James  Coyle,  Pat.  Mur- 
ray, Frank  Tillman,  Ferdinand  Johnson. 

Si.rth  Il'ro-rf— L.  A.  Metzger,  H.  N.  Howland,  T.  J. 
Webb,  Chris.  Meslin,  Frank  Tracy,  Robert  Navarre, 
Wm.  Prentice,  J.  H.  Emery,  Geo.  Scheets,  J.  A. 
Brown,  Joab  Squire,  F.  P.  Wilson.  John  Mack,  Fred. 
.laeger,  W.  W.  Morse,  Geo.  Jee,  Willis  E.  Clark,  Erie 
Hamilton,  Richard  Dawkins,  Bernard  Lancto,  Arnold 
McMahon,  M.  T.  Huntley,  II.  McGraw,  Henry  Hulce. 
Elias  Fassett. 

Si:itiiili  ITdn/— W.  J.  Meyer,  John  Karm,  Peter 
Berber,  Jacob  Harbauer,  M.  Merickle,  Wni.  Henzler, 
M.  McLaughlin,  H.  T.  Cook.  Wm.  Hook,  N.  Neu- 
hausel,  C.  J.  Kirschner,  Philip  Hoflemeister,  W. 
T.  Walker,  A.  A.  Andrews,  Jr.,  Jacob  Romeis,  Cliris. 
Gerber,  J.  R.  Lawton,  J.  W.  Kefsey,  Geo.  Milmine, 
J.  Hakios,  Cieo.  G.  Keeler. 

Eiijhlli  )l'<(r-i— Owen  Farrell,  E.  B.  Hall,  C.  H. 
Eddy,'  T.  P.  Brown,  l^xt.  Horan,  James  Malone,  S.  L. 
Stanthorpe,  Syl.  Donahue,  Andrew  Nesbitt,  John 
Tallman,  Anthony  Eagan,  Pat.  Madden,  Wm.  Gor- 
man, Michael  Geelan,  Adolph  Wolf,  M.  Lotterer, 
Pat.  Owens,  Sr.,  D.  W.  Stroud,  John  Walsh,  Tlieo. 
Golden,  David  Bolan,  Henry  Lang,  Henry  Peiter. 

Upon  the  call  of  Sheriff  Albert  Moore,  a 
meeting  was  held  at  the  Court-Hou.so  on  the 
nnn-ning  of  the  26th  of  July,  for  more  thorough 
organization  in  su])port  of  the  Committee  pro- 
vided for  at  the  meeting  the  night  before.  To 
this  end,  a  force  of  Citizen  Soldiery  was  rai.sed 
fi)r  the  common  defense.  Seven  Companies 
were  organized  for  regular  militarj-  drill  and 
patrol,  and  were  made  up  largely  of  ox-Union 
Soldiers.  They  were  under  command  of  Colonel 
Nat.  Haughton,  with  Lieutcminf-Coloncl  Geo. 
E.  Welles,  Aide  H.  D.  Waite,  and  A<ljutaut 
Randolph  Miner.  The  Cai)tains  of  tlie  several 
Companies  were  as  follows:  First  Comjiany, 
J.  W.  White;  Second  Company,  P.  II.  Howling  ; 
Third  Company,  J.  R.  Swigart;  Fourth  Coni- 
]iany,  L.  F.  Lyttle ;  Fifth  Company,  C.  W. 
Everett;  Sixth  Company,  U.  R.  Hunt;  Seventh 
Company,  H.  G.  Neubert.  Major  E.  O.Brown 
commanded  the  Shot-gun  ('om])any;  andE.  H. 
Chase  the  Pistol  Scpmd. 

This  foi-ce  was  at  once  armed,  and  took  the 
field   against  the   mob.     The  result  was,  that 


798 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


within  24  hours  tho  City  was  restored  to  gen- 
eral qiiiet,  and  in  another  day  the  Eailroads 
were  relieved,  order  restored,  and  business 
generally  left  to  its  peaceful  course. 

It  is  due  to  the  Eailway  employes  here  to 
state,  that  the  more  serious  features  of  that 
movement  in  Toledo,  was  not  so  much  their 
work,  as  that  of  resident  parties,  who  seized 
upon  the  occasion  for  gratifying  their  passions 
and  promoting  their  selfish  ends.  But  for 
these  classes,  the  work  of  the  strikers  would 
have  been  confined  to  the  suspension  of  opera- 
tions on  the  Eailways,  and  the  City  saved  the 
terrible  experience  and  consequences  far  more 
terrible,  so  memorable  in  its  history. 

In  discussing  the  subject  of  "  labor  as  a 
market  commodity,"  in  connection  with  this 
strike,  the  Toledo  Commercial  then  gave  a 
table,  showing  the  comiiarative  prices  of  pro- 
visions and  cotton  goods  in  Toledo  at  that  time 
and  in  18G4;  and  also  a  table  showing  com- 
parative rate.s  for  Eailway  transportation  for 
like  periods.     These  tables  were  as  follows : 

Reduced 
1864.  1877.    Pel-  Cent. 

Butter,' roll,  per  lb $0  45  $0  18  G4 

Flour,  Superfine,  bbl 11  50  7  00  39 

Mess  Pork,  bbl 42  00  15  00  60 

Sugar,  raw,  lb 24  11  58 

Sugar,  granulated 33  12J  62 

Molasses,  N.  0.,  gal 125  67  46 

White  Fish,  half-bbl 9  50  5  00  48 

Coffee,  Java,  lb 65  30  63 

Coffee,  Rio,  lb 56  22  64 

Best  Prints,  yard   58  08  86 

Best  Brown  Sheetings 70  08  88 

Best  Bleached  Cottons 70  14  80 

Best  Tickings 65  30  69 

Best  Denims 70  16  71 

Average  reduction  on  Pro- 
visions   54 

Ditto  on  Cotton  Goods 82 

Ditto  on  both 61 

The  table  of  Eailway  rates  was  as  follows: 

Deereasr, 
From  Toledo.  18E4.  1877.      Per  CeiU. 

Flour  to  Bufialo $0  35  $0  20  40 

Flour  to  New  York 126  45  62 

Flour  to  Boston 130  55  57 

Average  decrease 53 

A  strike  among  the  stevedores  at  Toledo  in 
July,  1862,  was  attended  by  a  degree  of  excite- 
ment and  violence  at  that  time  without  prece- 
dent in  the  City.  It  seems  that  a  portion  of 
such  employees  on  the  docks  and  ve.ssels  had 
proposed  a  movement  for  an  increase  of  wages, 
and  in  order  the  more  readily  to  enforce  their 
demand,  they  forbade  the'  employment  of 
Colored  men  in  such  capacity.  July  8th,  the 
strikers  attacked  the  Colored  laborers  and  with 
clubs  and  stones  drove  them  from  the  dock. 
In  the  course  of  the  proceedings  two  negroes 
were  seriously  injured,  and  one  of  the  mob  was 
stabbed  by  a  Colored  man  whom  he  was 
assaulting.  A  prompt  rally  of  citizens  with 
such  arms  as  they  could  And,  aided  very  much 


in  suppressing  the  riot,  but  not  before  several 
small  residences  of  Colored  peojjle  in  no  way 
connected  with  the  trouble  had  been  attacked 
and  injured.  Prominent  in  the  resistance 
made  to  the  mob,  was  Rev.  Father  Bofif',  then 
Pastor  of  St.  Francis  de  Sales  Catholic  Chui-ch. 
He  hastened  to  the  dock,  and  to  other  points 
wherever  his  efforts  could  be  emploj^ed  in 
restoring  peace.  Several  of  the  rioters  were 
arrested,  tried  and  punished. 

A  strike  somewhat  peculiar  in  its  source, 
occurred  in  the  Toledo  Commercial  office,  July 
21,1868.  Itgrewoutof  aregulation  established 
by  the  proprietors  (Clark  Waggoner  &  Son), 
on  assuming  ownership  of  the  pajier  in  Septem- 
ber, 1866,  nnder  which  labor  was  wholly  sus- 
pended on  Sunda}'.  The  Commercial  was  issued 
in  the  morning ;  and  instead  of  stojiping  work 
on  Saturday  and  resuming  on  Sunday,  as  then 
was,  and  still  is,  the  common  practice  in  such 
cases,  operations  were  continued  through  tho 
day  on  Saturday  and  until  11:30  P.  m.,  and 
resumed  at  12:30  a.  m.  Monday.  Meantime  all 
labor  in  connection  with  the  establishment  was 
forbidden.  Such  arrangement  being  a  radical 
innovation  on  usage,  and  involving  with  em- 
ployees the  inconvenience  of  sitting  up  until 
midnight  or  arising  at  that  hour,  a  portion  of 
them  protested  against  it,  and  finally  were 
successful  in  organizing  a  strike  based  thereon. 
The  Toledo  Printers'  Union  was  induced  to 
lend  its  auspices  for  such  movement,  which 
chiefly  was  the  work  of  itinerants.  The  strike 
occurred  on  Sunday  night,  but  with  prompt 
assistance  from  the  Blade  office,  Monday's  issue, 
though  somewhat  late,  and  somewhat  reduced 
in  amount  of  reading  matter,  nevertheless  ap- 
peared, as  did  all  succeeding  issues.  In  a  few 
days  the  strike  was  unconditionally  abandoned, 
and  matters  resumed  their  wonted  order.  In 
stating  the  case,  the  Commercial  said : 

By  the  rules  of  the  Toledo  Printers'  Union,  40  cents 
per  1,000  ems  is  the  price  to  be  paid  for  composition 
on  Morning  papers,  with  no  provision  as  to  the  days 
of  the  week  on  which  such  labor  shall  be  performed. 
We  hold  it  to  be  the  inevitable  inference  in  such 
case,  that  the  Union  designed  to  act  in  sulionlination 
at  least  to  the  laws  of  the  State,  and  did  not  intend 
to  require  its  members  to  labor  on  Sunday,  or  their 
employers  to  have  their  work  done  on  that  day — 
leaving  that  question  to  the  mutual  arrangement  of 
the  parties.  *  *  Yet,  it  is  claimed,  that  the  Union 
has  undertaken  to  do  just  that  thing — going  even  so 
far  as  to  demand,  that  no  member  shall  hold  a 
situation  in  an  establishment  that  refuses  to  pay  an 
extra  jirice  for  doing  its  work  according  to  what  its 
proprietors  consider  the  laws  of  God  and  of  man. 

Eecognizing  the  fact  of  some  inconvenience 
to  employees  of  the  office,  involved  in  the  sus- 
pension of  labor  on  the  Sabbath,  the  ]n-oprie- 
tors,  when  the  strike  had  been  fully  su]Ji)ressed, 
voluntarily  made  extra  allowance  therefor, 
which  was  continued  so  long  asthe3-  conducted 
the  paper,  and  until  the  aggregate  of  such 
bonus  had  amounted  to  fully  S1,000. 


CHAPTER    III. 


FUEL. 


IN  the  rapid  progress  of  imjirovemont and  de- 
velopment, the  civilized  world  has  met  many 
great  changes  in  the  ways  and  means  for  the 
])roniotion  of  comfort  and  the  prosecution  of 
industries.  Togo  back  to  the  rude  conditi(jn8  of 
man's  outset,  and  follow  his  progress  through 
the  manifold  stages  of  the  advance  to  the 
present  attainment,  would  involve  too  much 
space  for  the  purposes  of  the  present  writing. 

The  element  of  human  progress  now  most 
important  is  fuel.  More  than  ever  before,  is 
til  is  true  as  to  domestic  life  ;  but  far  more  ti'ue, 
as  to  the  great  departments  of  manufactures, 
trade  aud  commerce.  This  fact  has  been  for 
many  years  slowly  forcing  itself  to  the  front,  and 
with  such  success,  that  to-day,  above  all  other 
means  to  wealth  and  power,  it  challenges  recog- 
nition. AVIiile  water-falls  and  air-currents,  in 
their  various  modes  of  application,  furnished 
the  only  available  force  for  moving  machinery, 
the  uses  of  fuel  were  prettj'  much  confined  to 
the  needs  of  domestic  life.  During  "the  past 
half  century,  however,  these  conditions  have 
been  radically  changed.  Mechanical  indus- 
tries, for  ages  centering  about  water-falls  and 
other  available  forces  of  nature,  have  now  al- 
most wholly  abandoned  such  dependence,  for 
the  more  ready  resources  of  the  great  agency 
of  steam,  the  product  of  fuel.  This  change  has 
been  specially  active  during  the  past  30  years. 
Its  progress  is  indicated  by  the  tables  of  the 
United  States  census  for  1870  and  1880.  By 
these,  it  is  shown  that  during  the  period  last 
stated,  while  water  wheels  had  increased  in 
number  8,60  per  cent.,  and  horse-power  8,40 
per  cent,  in  the  United  States,  steam-power  in- 
creased 91.08  per  cent.  In  1870,  water-power 
and  steam  were  nearly  equal,  being,  respect- 
ively, 48.18  and  51.82  per  cent.;  whereas,  in 
1880,  water  had  fallen  to  35.93,  while  steam 
had  risen  to  64.07  per  cent  — a  loss  of  over  25 
per  cent,  by  the  former.  These  figures  are 
highly  significant.  They  indicate  that,  with 
no  intervention  to  check  this  race  of  forces,  the 
next  census  will  probably  give  them  the  rela- 
tions of  20  and  80. 

As  water-power  for  ages  was  the  only  motor 
for  machinery,  and  by  its  location  compelled 
industries  to  come  to  it:  so,  of  recent  years, 
has  coal,  recognized  as  best  of  steam-producing 
fuel,  held  like  control  over  mechanical  indus- 
tries. Advantage  in  the  cost  of  coal,  has  made 
many  Cities — notably  Pittsburgh  and  Cleve- 
land. Accepting  such  condition  as  permanent, 
.other  Cities  have  sought,  so  far  as  was  practic- 


able, to  secure  the  .same  great  agency  in  pro- 
gress. Among  these,  was  Toledo.  The  success 
in  such  eff(n-t  has  boon  notable,  as  shown  by 
the  rapid  increase  in  the  coal  supply  gained, 
which  lias  placed  that  Cit3'  abreast  the  most 
favored  on  the  chain  of  Lakes.  Such  advan- 
tage has  been  supposed  to  be  permanent  with 
localities  thus  favored,  since  fuel  bettor  or 
cheaper  than  coal  has  not  been  regarded  as 
possible.  This  assumption,  however,  must  bo 
taken  with  some  allowance.  While  the  use  of 
coal  for  heating  and  for  steam  must,  to  greater 
or  less  extent,  continue,  the  supremacy  of  the 
article,  manifestly,  must  be  surrendered — at 
least  in  large  districts  of  this  country.  Gas  is 
now  challenging  combat  in  that  field — partly 
from  the  reservoir  of  Nature,  now  being  drawn 
upon  with  such  signal  success,  and  partly  from 
the  various  processes  of  manufacture  employed 
by  human  skill.  These  various  sources  com- 
bined will  soon  largel}'  subject  coal,  as  fuel,  to 
a  subordinate  position. 

Not  only  is  gas  supplanting  coal  as  fuel,  but 
it  is  at  the  same  time  taking  the  place  of  steam 
as  power.  Few  j)ersons  yet  have  a  just  ajipre- 
ciation  of  the  great  revolution  in  progress, 
which,  in  its  attendant  benefits  and  ultimate 
results,  is  to  reach  eveiy  department  and  in- 
terest of  civilization.  Gas  for  heat  and  gas  for 
power — gas  in  the  cooking  and  the  heating 
stove,  and  gas  in  the  engine — is  soon  to  be  the 
welcome  successor  of  wood  and  coal  in  the  one 
case,  and  of  steam  in  the  other.  The  extent 
of  revolution  in  human  industry  involved  in 
such  change  cannot,  at  this  birthday  of  the  new 
agent,  be  safely  conjectured.  But  sufficient  is 
known  to  indicate  something  of  coming  results. 
In  no  other  department  of  human  progress  has 
been  wrought  a  change  more  radical  or  more 
important  than  is  that  pivmiised  in  this  case,  as 
a  comparatively  short  period  of  time  seems 
certain  to  show. 

In  the  consideration  of  this  matter,  most 
persons  regard  it  as  an  affair  chiefly,  if  not 
wholly,  concerning  parties  employing  large 
amounts  of  power,  as  in  the  great  manufactur- 
ing estaldishments  of  the  land.  This  is  a  seri- 
ous mistake.  As  the  use  of  both  water-power 
and  steam  tended  to  concentrate  industries  at 
fixvorable  jioints  and  in  the  handsof  ca])italists, 
the  substitution  of  gas  will  operate  to  diffuse 
industries  and  bring  them  within  the  reach  of 
limited  capital,  and  even  into  households  with 
moderate  means.  It  is  difficult  to  conceive  of 
the  uses  for  power— whether  by  the  manufac- 


[799j 


son 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


toi'y,  the  railway  or  the  steamship,  or  iu  pro- 
pelliu^  the  sewing  machine  and  other  simple 
agencies  of  home  industry — in  Avhichgas  is  not 
to  be  a  common  agent. 

From  the  view  here  taken,  it  will  appear 
that  the  beneficial  results  to  be  derived  from 
the  introduction  of  gas,  as  both  fuel  and  power, 
are  to  be  more  general  than  has  been  supposed. 
The  departments  of  industries  requiring  large 
sup])lies  of  both  these  agencies,  will  be  greatly 
benefited,  as  a  matter  of  course;  and  thereby 
manufacturing  will  be  accordingly  promoted, 
especially  at  points,  like  Toledo,  possessing 
superior  advantages  for  the  distribution  of  pro- 
ducts. Not  less,  certainly,  in  its  good  con- 
ferred, will  gas  helj)  many  of  the  industrial 
classes  to  employments  both  satisfactory  anti 
more  remunerative  than  those  now  possessed. 

Something  will  be  seen  of  what  has  already 
been  accomjjlished  in  the  production  of  arti- 
ficial gas,  from  the  following  statement  of 
results: 

1.  Water  Gas.  It  has  been  sliown  that  .50,000  to 
100,000  cubic  feet  of  this  article  can  bt'  produced  with 
the  use  of  one  ton  of  coal,  according  to  the  eftective- 
iies.s  of  the  apparatus.  Coal  at  current  rates,  with  a 
fair  allowance  for  plant  and  other  expenses,  would 
make  the  cost  of  this  gas  not  more  than  10  cents  per 
1,000  cubic  feet  at  Toledo.  Of  this  article,  the  report 
of  the  judges  at  the  Novelties  Exhibition,  of  188.5,  at 
Philadelphia,  says :  "  Water  gas,  made  by  the  inter- 
action of  steam  and  carbon  at  a  high  temperature  and 
composed  essentially  of  hydrogen  and  carhonic  oxide, 
has  been  known  and  employed  for  many  years.  It 
is  only,  however,  of  late  years,  that  the  ditficulties  in 
the  way  of  its  successful  conimcrcial  introduction 
have  been  jjractically  removed."  The  rei)ort  further 
states,  that  as  the  result  of  recent  improvements  in 
production,  "  the  problem  of  introducing  it  as  a  fuel 
for  domestic  and  industrial  purposes,  can  be  no  longer 
considered  as  unsolved."  For  use  as  fuel,  the  water- 
gas  is  said  to  lie  at  least  the  equal  of  natural  gas,  but 
is  not  useful  for  illuminating  purposes. 

2.  Combined  Hydrogen  and  Carbonic- O.i id e  Gas. 
This  article  has  lieretofoi'e  been  known  as  Fuel 
Water-Gas,  from  which  it  differs  in  few  respects, 
chiefly  as  to  the  proportions  of  elements.  The  extent 
of  its  real  value  has  not  as^'et  been  fully  determined  ; 
but  it  is  counted  among  the  important  kinds  of  fuel 
gas.  It  has  been  ascertained  that  5,000  cubic  feet  of 
it  may  be  i)roduced  with  100  pounds  of  anthracite 
coal,  or  100,000  cubic  feet  of  it  to  the  net  ton  of  coal. 
At  this  rate,  it  should  be  manufactured  in  Toledo  for 
eight  cents  per  1,000  cubic  feet. 

3.  Anthracite  Gas.  This  article  may  be  produced 
from  either  coal  or  the  waste  of  coal  (known  as 
"culm").  At  the  mine,  the  cost  of  producing  it,  is 
placed  at  1.80  cents  per  1,000  feet.  The  items  of 
expense  there  are :  One  ton  of  waste,  .50  cents : 
handling  same,  30  cents;  expenses  of  plant,  $1.00; 
total  for  100,000  feet,  $1.80;  or  1.80  cents  per  1,000. 
The  difference  between  this  cost  and  that  of  the 
same  article  at  Toledo,  would  be  the  amount  of 
freight  charges  on  the  material  to  that  City,  which 
would  be  about  $2.00  per  ton.  Tins  would  liiake  the 
cost  of  the  gas  produced  there,  .f3.80  per  100,000  cubic 
feet,  or  3.8  cents  per  1,000  feet.  The  process  in  making 
this  gas,  consists  in  pulverizing  the  coal  to  an  extreme 
degree  of  fineness,  and  blowing  it  into  the  combustion 
chamber,  where  it  is  ignited  and  burned  while  floating 
in  the  air. 


4.  Petroleum  Gas.  Accepting  the  theory,  that 
natural  gas  is  produced  by  the  jiassage  of  air  through 
bodies  of  petroleum,  and  is  found  in  reservoirs  above 
such  oil  deposits,  an  Ohio  inventor,  J.  .1.  .lohnston, 
of  Columbiana,  Ohio,  in  1886,  patented  a  jiroce.ss 
based  upon  such  theory.  His  plan  consists  in  forcing 
air  through  crude  petroleum  contained  in  six  iron 
cylinders.  This  is  done  with  an  air-pump.  After 
passing  the  cylin<lers,  the  air  (now  converted  into  gas 
and  ready  for  use)  is  conducted  into  a  gasometer. 
The  inventor  claims,  that  by  his  process,  gas 
can  be  made  at  from  one  to  two  cents  per  1,000  feet. 
For  either  illuminating  or  heating  purposes,  it  is  said 
to  be  superior  to  natui'al  gas.  The  apparatus  for  its 
manufacture  occupies  little  room,  and  can  be  set  up 
wherever  desired.  The  patentee  also  states  that, 
from  a  single  barrel  of  crude  oil,  he  has  produced 
450,000  cubic  feet  of  gas  of  the  quality  stated  ;  and 
that  the  materi.il  left  was  worth,  for  purpo.ses  of  lubri- 
cation, as  much  as  the  original  cost  of  the  oil. 
Should  thorough  test  of  this  invention  at  all  ju.stify 
these  extraordinary  claims,  the  importance  of  Mr. 
.lohnston's  invention  could  now  liardly  be  estimated. 

As  indicating  something  of  the  comparative 
values  of  fuel  in  mass  and  in  the  form  of  gas, 
the  following  table,  showing  the  results  of 
careful  scientific  tests,  is  given  here: 

Gas  from 
One  lb.  Coal.     One  lb.  Coal. 
In  Crucible  Furnaces. 

Per  cent,  of  heat  utilized 3J  90 

Available  beat  (units) 455  7240 

In  large  Blast  Furnace. 

Per  cent,  of  heat  utilized 30  00 

Available  heat  (units) 4080  7240 

In  Domestic  Use. 

Per  cent,  of  heat  utilized 10  00 

Available  heat  (units) 1300  7240 

These  figures  will  be  a  sur])risc  to  all  readers 
who  have  never  given  the  subject  special  exam- 
ination. The  fact  that  to  this  time  90  per  cent, 
of  fuel  has  been  wasted  in  nse,  seems  almost 
incredible  ;  and  yet,  such  is  the  declaration  of 
science.  It  is  further  claimed,  upon  like  au- 
thority, that  the  waste  of  power  in  the  steam 
engine,  is  nearly  as  great  as  above  shown  in 
the  matter  of  heat,  which  will  mostly  be  saved 
by  the  gas  engine.  It  is  further  stated,  as  the 
result  of  exjierieucc,  that  such  are  the  advan- 
tages of  gas  over  coal,  that  if  the  consumer  pay 
an  average  of  40  cents  per  1,000  cubic  feet  for 
gas,  the  cost  to  him  will  be  no  more  than  coal 
at  average  prices. 

The  writer  is  not  unmindful  of  the  fact,  that 
the  real  test  of  the  view  here  presented,  in 
practical  results,  is  for  the  future.  To  what 
extent  such  trial  may  justify  the  view  taken, 
remains  to  be  seen.  And  jet,  it  has  been 
deemed  proper  that  the  facts  here  given  be 
placed  on  record,  for  comparison  with  those 
hereafter  to  transpire. 

NATURAL    GAS    AND    Olh. 

The  marvelous  growth  of  manufacturing  en- 
terprises in  Northwestern  Ohio  in  1880,  '87  and 
'87,  was  due  to  the  discovery  of  high-pressure 
Natural  Gas  at  Findlay  in  1884.  At  that  date 
that  article  was  being  used  for  fuel  iu  many 


NATURAL   CAf!. 


f-'Ol 


localities  in  Pennsylvania  and  Eastern  Ohio. 
Its  introduction  and  use  in  Pittsburs;li  on  a  larcc 
scale  for  two  or  three  years,  had  turned  the 
attention  of  tlie  nianufjR-tui'iiig  world  to  that 
City.  The  clieapness  of  the  now  fuel;  the 
economy  resulting  from  different  factors  in  its 
use  ;  the  improvement  in  quality  of  the  manu- 
fiictured  products,  combineiJ  to  g'.ve  decided 
advantage  to  centers  fortunate  onou;j;h  to  secure 
it,  and  to  make  competition  seem  almost  hope- 
less to  the  localities  outside  of  its  boundaries. 

The  credit  of  the  discovery  of  natural  gas  in 
Fiudlay,  appears  to  be  largely  due  to  one  man 
— Dr.  Charles  Oesterlin.  Gas  was  known  to  be 
in  the  ground  from  the  first  settlement  of  the 
County.  lu  digging  wells,  cisterns,  or  sewers ; 
and  in  s])rings  and  rock  crevices,  inflammable 
gas  had  been  found  for  50  years.  This  gas  was 
absorbed  bv  the  water  of  wells  and  springs, 
which  thereby  jvei'c  rendered  unpleasant  or 
unfit  for  use.  Explosions  frequently  occurred 
in  sewers  and  cellars  from  accidental  ignition 
of  accumulated  gas :  and  its  presence  was  looked 
upon  as  an  evil  to  be  endured,  or  a  nuisance  that 
could  not  eai5il>-  be  abated.  In  Prof  Winchell's 
report  upon  the  geology  of  Hancock  County, 
in  1872,  mention  was  made  of  the  interesting 
fact,  that  Jacob  Carr  had,  for  a  number  of  years, 
lighted  his  house  on  Main  Street  with  gas  col- 
lected from  wells  on  his  premises.  Dr.  Oester- 
lin had  long  been  interested  in  this  gas  phe- 
nomenon, and  had  time  and  again  endeavored 
to  interest  his  fellow-townsmen  in  the  matter, 
but  without  success,  until  the  introduction  of 
gas  at  Pittsburgh  had  caused  that  Citv's  won- 
derful growth  to  become  familiar  to  the  news- 
paper-reading public.  In  the  early  summer  of 
1884  he  succeeded  in  interesting  a  few  of  his 
fellow-citizens  in  his  plans,  when  $4,000  was 
raised  with  which  to  drill  for  gas.  A  site  was 
selected  about  a  mile  East  of  the  Town,  upon 
land  owned  bj'Dr.  Oesterlin,  where  he  had,  for 
many  years,  noticed  a  strong  odor  in  the  midst 
of  a  little  grove.  Ten  or  twelve  years  before 
he  had  caused  a  small  hole  to  be  dug  there,  and 
had  inserted  in  this  an  empty  barrel,  with  a 
piece  of  tile-|iipe  in  the  top.  The  gas  collected 
in  the  barrel,  and  when  lighted  at  the  end  of  the 
pipe  burned  freely  and  continuously  for  weeks. 

In  drilling  the  well,  "pockets"  of  Eras  were 
encountered  at  516,  filB,  640,  and  718  feet 
depth  ;  but  the  main  body,  or  reservoir,  was 
not  reached  until  the  drill  had  sunk  1,096  feet, 
and  then  it  was  discovered  in  Trenton  lime- 
stone, four  feet  below  its  upper  surface.  The 
gas  came  with  force  enough  to  run  an  ensrine 
when  turned  into  it,  instead  of  steam.  When 
lighted  from  a  stand-pipe,  an  immense  flame 
shot  up  with  a  deafening  roar  and  was  visible 
10  or  15  miles  away.  The  flow  of  gas  was  not 
measured,  but  was  estimated  to  be  about  250,- 
OOO  cubic  feet  daily,  issuing  from  the  stand-pipe 
under  a  pressure  of  390  to  400  pounds  to  the 
square  inch. 


Another  well  was  drilled  early  in  1885,  and 
the  history  of  the  pioneer  well  was  repeated  in 
almost  ever}'  particular.  The  gas  was  at  once 
turned  into  the  (3ity  mains.  In  drilling  the 
third  well,  the  gas-bearing  rock  was  found  a 
few  feet  lower,  and  the  capacity  was  found  b}' 
measurement  to  be  80,000  cubic  feet  ])er  day. 
The  fourth  well  was  drilled  1,200  feet  beloi-o 
Trenton  rock  was  reached  and  was  found  to 
j'ield  several  times  as  much  gas  as  the  largest 
already  drilled.  For  the  first  time  Pindlay  had 
now  se(uired  a  fairlj'  vigorous  flow  of  gas.  An 
anemometer  measurement  taken  at  tliis  lijne 
showed  that  1,29(),000  cubit  feet  was  oscajnng 
each  day.  Very  soon  oil  begar.  to  appear  witli 
the  gas,  and  in  the  cour.so  of  a  few  months  the 
well  was  ]n"oduciiig  four  to  five  barrels  of  oil 
daily,  while  the  flow  of  gas  was  reduced,  and  in 
two  years  it  was  valued  more  for  its  oil  than 
for  its  gas. 

By  the  first  of  April,  1886,  there  had  been 
drilied  17  wells  in  and  immediately  around 
Findhiy.  Two  of  these  were  failures.  All  of 
the  others  were  productive,  11  yielding  dry  gas, 
and  four  yielding  gas  and  oil.  Of  the  11  wells 
yielding  gas  alone,  one  became  the  wonder  of 
the  country.  The  "  Ka'rg  Well,"  which  was 
completed  Januarv  20,  1886,  gave  a  measured 
yield  of  over  12,000,000  cubic  feet  daily;  and 
until  the  discovery  of  the  "Simons  Well,"  in 
the  Bloomvillo  field,  it  was  the  largest  gas  well 
in  Ohio. 

The  composition  of  the  Findlay  gas,  as  de- 
termined by  Prof  Howard,  is  as  follows: 

Marsh  gas  (light  carburetted  iiydrogen) _.  92.01 

Olefiantgas p-^l' 

Hydrogen -AS 

Nitrogen 3.61 

Oxygen ".34 

Carbonic  acid 0.26 

Carbonic  oxide O.oO 

Sulphuretted    hydrogen 0.20 

100.00 

In  100  cubic  feet  there  are  125  .grains  of  sulphur. 

Its  specific  gravity  is  57.  Hence,  1  cubic  foot 
weighs  .^18. OS  grains. 

As  a  fuel,  it  is  estimated  tliat 
1,000  cubic  ft.  of  gas  is  worth,  coke  being  $2..'i0,  9.4  cts. 
1,000        "        "         "         "        coal  lieiiigii;1.20,  S.Octs. 
One  ton  of  coal  is  eipial  to  lil.O.So  cubic  icct  of  gas. 

The  rock-pressure  in  thefirst  wells  registered 
400  to  450  pounds;  but  in  later  times  this  was 
reduced  lo  about  375  pounds.  All  wells  reach 
this  mark  when  closed — the  lai-ge  wells  in  a 
short  time,  the  "  Karg"  for  example,  in  U 
minutes;  the  smaller  wells  requiring,  perhaps, 
hours.  The  same  lino  of  facts  obtain  in  other 
Ohio  gas  fields.  The  large  and  the  small  pro- 
ducers meet  together  on  a  common  ground,  so 
far  as  pressure  is  concerned. 

From  these  successes  in  Findlay  every  ani- 
bitious  Town  in  Northwestern  Ohio  was  inci- 
ted to  send  down  the  drill  and  see  if  this 
wonderful  product   was   not    lying    under  its 


802 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


fields,  only  awaiting  the  advent  of  the  drill 
that  it  might  be  made  known.  It  so  happened 
that  Bowling  Green,  which  quickly  saw  the 
value  of  Fiudlay's  discovery,  was  successful 
in  finding  a  moderate  sujaply  of  gas;  while 
Lima,  Allen  County,  was  next  heard  from  in 
finding  oil.  The  record  of  the  drilling  at 
Bowling  Green  shows  an  almost  exact  corre- 
spondence with  the  records  of  the  Findlay 
wells.  The  first  vigorous  well  was  secured 
about  one  mile  South  of  the  Town — one  with 
capacity  of  1,000,000  feet  per  day.  Two  miles 
faj-ther  South,  at  Portage,  another  good  supply 
was  found  at  about  the  same  time. 

A  large  addition  was  made  to  the  gas  field 
in  May,  1886,  by  the  discovery  of  gas  at 
Bloomdale,  Wood  County,  seven  mile.s  west  of 
Fostoria,  10  miles  Northeast  of  Findlay.  Tren- 
ton rock  was  reached  at  a  depth  of  1,115  feet. 
The  Bloomville  field  occupies  the  East  side  of 
Heni-y  Township,  a  large  part  of  Bloom  Town- 
ship, Wood  County,  and  the  Southern  portion 
of  Peri-y  Township.  It  begins  at  North  Bal- 
timore and  extends  to  the  water-tanks,  six 
miles  West  of  Fostoria.  In  this  section  the 
largest  well  is  the  "  Simons,"  which  j-ielded 
12,000,000  cubic  feet  bf  gas  from  the  casing  the 
day  after  the  well  was  completed.  The  largest 
well  in  the  Northern  Ohio  field  is  that  in  Van 
Buren,  Hancock  Countj-,  drilled  by  Conroy  & 
Johnson,  which,  six  weeks  alter  the  flow  was 
struck,  yielded  15,000,000  cubic  feet  of  gas 
every  24  hours. 

Itvvas  very  soon  a  fact,  that  hardly  a  farm 
in  Hancock  and  Wood  Counties  had  not  been 
explored  bj'  the  drill.  Here  a  gas  well  was 
building  up  a  Town — there  an  oil  well  was 
paying  a  large  daily  revenue  to  its  owners.  A 
new  class  of  men  became  known  to  the  com- 
munity— men  to  lease  or  secure  the  right  of 
drilling  on  the  farms.  The}'  would  agree  to  drill 
a  well  within  a  certain  specified  time,  and  give 
one-eighth  of  the  product  to  the  owner;  or,  if 
they  failed  in  this,  would  pay  a  yearly  rental 
for  the  privilege  of  having  control  of  the  farm. 
Wonderful  wells  were  discovered,  only  to  be 
eclipsed  by  others  more  wonderful.  Land  that 
had  been  considered  dear  at  $50  per  acre  for 
farmini;  purposes,  sold  at  §500  per  acre,  and 
even  at  $1,000,  because  of  the  discovery  in  the 
neighborhood  of  oil  or  gas.  The  derrick  of 
the  drill  was  seen  on  every  hand,  and  though 
immense  sums  of  money  were  sunk  in  failures, 
the  successes  were  frequent,  and  occasionally 
so  exceedinglv  profitable,  that  at  this  date  the 
work  of  drilling  is  Koinsr  on  with  increased 
vigor. 

The  gas  field  may  now  fairly  be  said  to  be 
well  defined ;  j-et,  there  may  be  equally  as 
great  surprises  in  store  in  the  future  as  were 
in  the  past.  No  wells  of  very  large  capacity  have 
been  yet  discovered  in  Lucas  County.  Drill- 
ing at  North  Toledo,  Java,  Sylvania,  Air  Line 
Junction,    in    Toledo,    Mouclova,    and  White 


House,  have  discovered  only  "  dry  holes."  The 
Waterville  field  has  produced  wells  with 
large  capacity,  but  as  yet  not  equal  to 
the  larger  wells  in  Wood  and  Hancock 
Counties.  The  results  in  Ottawa,  Sandusky 
and  Williams  Counties  are  similar  to  those  in 
Lucas.  Gas  has  occasionall}'  been  struck,  but 
only  in  comparatively  small  quantities,  and  the 
wells  are  of  but  local  importance. 

The  discoveries  made  in  gas  and  oil  in  North- 
ern Ohio  were  of  intense  interest  to  the  people 
of  Toledo.  Each  new  well  discovered  seemed 
to  be  bringing  these  ti'easures  of  nature  closer 
to  her  borders,  and  to  offer  greater  hopes  that 
the  drill  would  soon  prove  that  gas  was  within 
her  limits.  If  these  hopes  should  be  realized, 
it  meant  wonderful  growth  for  the  City.  What 
was  seen  of  the  effects  of  natural  gas  in  Pitts- 
burg, would  be  seen  on  even  larger  scale  in 
Toledo.  Her  natural  advantages  were  supe- 
rior to  those  of  Pittsburg  in  every  point.  She 
had  superior  Eailroad  connections,  and  was  a 
better  center  from  which  to  ship  her  wares, 
and  was  better  situated  for  raw  materials. 
Pittsburg's  great  advantage,  heretofore,  had 
been,  first,  her  cheap  coal,  and  then  her  natu- 
ral gas;  but  Toledo,  with  gas  beneath  her, 
might  boldly  enter  the  field  and  bid  for  manu- 
factures, against  not  only  Pittsburg,  but  against 
the  Union. 

Steps  taken  toward  testing  gas  deposits  were 
ver}'  slow.  Everybody  wondered  why  someone 
did  not  put  the  drill  in  motion,  but  no  one 
seemed  ready  to  put  his  own  money  in  the 
venture.  The  first  to  begin  the  test,  was  Hor- 
ace S.  Walbridge,  of  the  Maumee  Boiling  Mill 
Company,  East  Toledo.  He  proposed,  as  the 
matter  was  largely  one  in  which  the  whole 
City  was  interested,  the  Common  Council  pay 
a  part  of  the  expense  of  the  experimental 
work.  If  gas  was  discovered  in  paying  quanti- 
ties, the  money  so  advanced  to  be  refunded  to 
the  City.  This  was  agreed  to,  and  in  the  fall 
of  1885  drilling  was  started  near  the  Rolling 
Mill.  At  a  depth  of  660  feet,  gas  was  struck  in 
small  quantities,  and  the  well  shot.  The  in- 
crease was  so  slight  that  drilling  was  continued 
to  1,490  feet,  where  small  amounts  of  gas  and 
oil  were  found,  and  the  well  was  again  shot 
with  dynamite.  The  result  was  failure,  and  at 
1,500  feet  the  drill  found  salt  water.  A  second 
well  was  drilled  in  the  vicinity  with  similar 
result.  The  drill  found  very  hard  limestone 
to  the  depth  of  550  feet;  then  slate  (hard  and 
and  soft)  to  1,490  feet,  the  rock  at  that  point 
being  like  flint.  Matters  rested  here  for  some 
months,  but  many  projects  were  suggested.  It 
was  felt  that  the  failure  in  East  Toledo  simply 
proved  that  the  locality  chosen  was  an  un- 
favorable one,  and  that  the  question  was  still 
open. 

In  the  spring  of  1886,  a  Company,  consist- 
ing of  C.  A.  King,  D.  E.  Locke,  J.  F.  Kuraler, 
Henry   Kahlo,  M.  J.  Enright,   P.  H.  Bowling, 


FUEL. 


803 


and  others,  organized  under  the  name  of 
the  Citizens'  Natural  Gas  Companj',  of 
Toledo,  for  the  purpose  of  drilling  for  gas  and 
piping  the  City.  Contracts  were  made  for 
drilling  a  well  at  Air  Line  Junction,  that  ap- 
pearing to  be,  from  surface  indications,  a 
favorable  point.  The  result  of  drilling  was 
anxiously  awaited,  andthe  well  was  abandoned 
at  a  depth  of  about  1,600  feet. 

After  this  experience  there  was  disinclination 
for  farther  trials,  and  negotiations  were  opened 
by  which  the  Company  sold  its  charter,  City 
ordinances  and  franchises  to  Col.  Lemert,  of 
Bucyrus,  and  Ex-Gov.  Charles  Foster.  These 
gentlemen  were  successful  in  inducing  the 
Standard  Oil  Company,  of  Cleveland,  to  become 
interested  in  the  project  with  them,  and  the 
Northwestern  Natural  Gas  Company,  of  Toledo, 
was  organized  on  the  charter  purchased  from 
the  Citizens'  Natural  Gas  Comjjany.  Of  this 
Company  Charles  Foster  was  elected  President; 
J.  E.  Wilkison,  Secretary  and  Treasurer;  H. 
S.  Corwin,  Superintendent;  and  John  H.  Doyle, 
Attorney. 

In  August,  1886,  five  Toledo  citizens— James 
Blass,  Wm.  H.  Maher,  J.  D.  Cook,  John  Cum- 
mings,  and  Milton  Taylor,  organized  the  Toledo 
Natural  Gas  Company  with  a  capital  of  §100,- 
000,  and  secured  the  passage  of  a  City  ordi- 
nance permitting  them  to  drill  for  gas,  to  pipe 
the  Streets,  and  to  furnish  gas  to  consumers. 
The  Company  elected  Milton  Taylor,  Presi- 
dent; John  Cummings,  Vice  President;  Wm. 
H.  Maher,  Secretary ;  and  James  Blass,  Treas- 
urer. These  gentlemen  had  no  intention  of 
drilling  for  gas  within  the  limits  of  Toledo, 
but  to  pipe  it  from  the  Wood  County  gas  fields. 

After  the  discovery  of  oil  in  these  fields,  the 
oil  men  of  Pennsylvania  had  hastened  to  Ohio 
and  began  leasing  land  and  drillin£r  for  oil. 
When,  instead  of  oiT,  the  drill  disclosed  gas, 
the  result  was  serious  disappointment.  They 
had  no  way  of  utilizing  this  product,  and  so 
large  a  share  of  their  leases  was  proving  gas- 
land,  they  began  to  search  for  an  outlet  for  gas, 
by  which  they  might  realize  something  for  their 
drilling  and  leases.  Toledo  was  naturally  the 
point  to  which  they  turned,  when  it  was  seen 
that  no  gas  was  found  there.  In  this  field, 
representing  a  syndicate  of  Pennsylvania  Oil 
Eefineries,  were  T.  J.  Vandegrift  and  F.  H. 
Aiken,  of  Jamestown,  New  Yorti.  Communi- 
cation was  opened  with  the  Toledo  Natural 
Gas  Company  in  January,  1887,  and  a  basis 
arrived  at  by  which  the  syndicate  they  repre- 
sented would  unite  with  the  Toledo  stockhold- 
ers and  pipe  gas  from  Bloom  Township,  Wood 
County,  to  Toledo.  The  Company  reorganized, 
electing  L.  H.  Smith,  of  New  York  City,  Presi- 
dent ;  John  Cummings,  Vice  President;  W. 
F.  Crane,  Secretary  and  Treasurer  ;  J.  A.  Lam- 
bing, Superintendent;  and  James  M.  Brown, 
Attorney. 


Two  Companies  were  thus  in  the  field.  The 
Northwestern  had  also  secured  franchises  from 
the  Cities  of  Fostoria,  Fremont  and  Tiffin,  and 
began  piping  gas  from  the  Bairdstown  district 
— first  to  Fostoria,  reaching  there  early  in  the 
Winter  of  1886-7.  Fremont  was  the  next 
objective  point,  gas  being  turned  on  there  in 
the  early  Summer  of  1887.  Early  in  the  year 
iron  pipes  were  sent  to  Toledo  and  distributed 
along  the  streets,  much  to  the  delight  of  the 
citizens,  who  impatiently  lonircd  for  natural  gas. 
One  morning  in  March  this  feeling  of  gratifica- 
tion was  still  further  heightened  by  seeing  four 
or  five  hundred  men,  witli  picks  and  shovels, 
begin  to  tear  up  Tenth  Street,  from  Jefferson  to 
Adams;  and  these  followed  bv  other  gangs  to 
lay  pipes  in  the  trenches.  These  were  the 
advance  guard  of  the  Northwestern  Company, 
and  from  that  time  onward  through  the  Sum- 
mer, men  were  at  work  piping  the  Streets  of 
the  City.  It  was  noticed  that  the  Northwestern 
Company  began  its  work  at  Monroe  Street  as 
its  Soutliern  limit,  and  from  there  went  always 
North.  When  the  Toledo  Companj'  began  to 
distribute  its  pipe,  it  was  seen  that  it  made 
Monroe  Street  its  Northern  boundarj-,  and  from 
there  piped  Southward;  so,  it  was  claimed,  that 
a  division  of  territory  of  the  City  had  been 
made,  so  that  there  would  in  reality  be  no  com- 
petition in  prices. 

During  the  Summer  both  Companies  em- 
ployed large  gangs  of  men,  probably  1,.'500  in 
all,  at  good  wages,  and  the  work  ot  laying  pipes 
progressed  rapidly.  The  trenches  were  three 
to  four  feet  deep,  just  enough  to  avoid  action  of 
heat  and  cold  in  contracting  and  expanding  the 
wrought  iron  of  which  the  pipes  were  made. 
Thejoiuts  were  made  tight  by  iron  thimbles; 
and  the  whole  work,  under  skilled  overseers, 
was  done  rapidly. 

While  tins  was  being  done  in  the  City,  other 
gangs  were  laying  the  main  pipes  from  the 
gas  field  to  the  City.  The  Toledo  Company  had 
chosen  its  route  by  way  of  Perrysburg,  crossing 
the  Maumee  River  on  the  County  bridge  to 
Maumee,  and  thence  direct  to  Toledo  ;  its  main 
line  being  36  miles  long.  The  Northwestern 
Company  laid  its  main  line  direct  from  Bloom- 
dale,  Wood  County,  to  East  Toledo,  crossing 
under  the  Maumee  River,  and  coming  into  the 
City  at  the  foot  of  Oak  Street ;  this  main  line 
being  34  miles  long. 

Great  was  the  joy  of  the  people  of  Toledo, 
when,  in  August,  1887,  the  City  being 
crowded  with  .strangers  in  attendance  on  the 
Republican  State  Convention,  a  standidpe.  120 
feet  high,  erected  on  the  corner  of  St.  Chiirand 
Madison  Streets,  was  lighted,  and  the  brilliant 
sheet  of  fire  from  natural  gas  shot  toward  the 
heavens.  It  was  an  eventful  night  for  Toledo, 
and  men  went  home  congratulating  each  other 
upon  the  glorious  dawn  of  prosperity  that 
natural  gas  assured  them. 


S04 


HISTOIiY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


During  all  these  months,  there  were  many 
who  believed  that  the  question  of  gas  being 
under  Toledo  had  never  been  fully  tested. 
They  claimed  that  the  well  at  Air  Line 
Junction  proved  nothing — not  even  that  gas 
was  not  there,  ibr  the  drill  was  taken  out  bo- 
fore  salt  water  was  reached.  Tlie  Toledo  Gas 
and  Oil  Development  Com|iaii3'  was  organized 
to  drill  in  the  vicinity  of  Toledo  until  the  ques- 
tion of  gas  was  settled  beyond  doubt,  and  tlien 
work  towards  the  known  gas  fields.  Such 
Company  was  composed  entirely  of  T(jledo 
men ;  shares  were  ^20  each  ;  and  work  was  begun 
in  the  Summer  of  1887,  by  sinking  a  well  at 
Manhattan.  Small  pockets  of  gas  were  dis- 
covered at  various  depths,  and  were  the  occasion 
of  much  hope  to  all  concerned.  A  small  amount 
of  gas  was  found  at  a  depth  of  500  feet ;  but  the 
drill  eventually  went  into  salt  water,  and  the 
well  was  a  failure.  Another  was  soon  begun  in 
the  same  section;  but  again  the  drillers  reached 
salt  water  and  found  no  gas,  except  traces.  It 
then  seemed  demonstrated  that  natural  gas,  in 
paj-ing  quantities,  was  not  to  be  found  under 
the  City,  and  after  April,  18S8,  further  attempts 
in  that  direction  had  not  been  made. 

Gas  was  turned  in  the  pipes  by  the  two  Com- 
panies August  10,  1887.  The  main  pipe  of  the 
Northwestern  Company  is  10  inches  in  diame- 
ter and  34  miles  long.  The  average  roek- 
pressure  at  the  mouth  of  the  wells  is  about  390 
pounds  to  the  square  inch.  By  friction,  &e.,  this 
is  J'educed  to  about  200  pounds  at  the  City  limits. 

To  produce  proper  combustion,  the  gas  is 
largely  mixed  with  air,  and  the  appliance  at 
the  mouth  of  stove  or  furnace  connection  is  so 
perforated  that  the  gas  takes  in  many  times  its 
bulk  of  air.  This  appliance  is  called  a  "  Mixer," 
and  the  rate  of  charges  is  based  upon  the  size 
of  the  Mixer  in  use.  These  jjrices  are  given  in 
detail  below,  but  for  the  purpose  of  comparison 
and  exjjlauation,  it  may  be  said,  that  the  sav- 
ing in  cost  in  an  ordinary  heating  or  cooking 
stove,  over  hard  coal  at  $5.00  per  ton,  is  esti- 
mated at  25  per  cent.  With  furnaces  the  saving 
was  much  greater,  ranging  from  30  to  50  per 
cent.;  while  for  public  l)uildings  and  factories 
it  was  equall}'  large.  In  addition  to  this  saving 
on  the  c<jst  of  coal,  factories  did  away  with  the 
large  expense  of  handling  fuel  and  cinders, 
and  with  their  firemen.  The  task  of  piping 
buildings  was  such  that  probably  not  over  one- 


fourth  of  the  City  used  gas  in  the  Winter  of 
1887-88.  The  Gas  Companies  brought  gas 
free  to  the  curb,  beyond  that  the  consumer 
paying  for  piping.  This  was  an  expense 
ranging  from  $20  upwards,  and  deterred  many 
from  the  use  of  the  ]iew  fuel. 

Below  is  the  schedule  of  prices  under  which 
gas  was  furnished;  a  discount  of  10  per  cent, 
being  made  on  these  rates,  if  paid  monthly  in 
advance : 

The  No.  .5  Mixer  is  commonly  used  for  domestic 
purpos.'s. 

Rates  tor  heathig  hotels,  stores,  lialls,  etc.,  not  in- 
cluded in  the  following  schedule. 

Annual  contracts  are  iiayable  in  six  monthly  in- 
stallments, coinmenring  with  the  date  of  connection, 
between  November  IstandiNIay  1st,  and  continuiugto 
April  1st,  and  commencing  again  at  November  1st,  if 
necessar3'  to  couiplete  six  monthly  installments.  If 
connections  under  annual  contracts  are  made  after 
May  1st,  but  previous  to  November  1st,  then  such 
iiioutldy  payments  shall  begin  November  1st  and 
continue  to  April  1st. 

Half  rates  on  grates  and  open  stoves  where  boilers 
or  furnaces  are  used  for  heating. 

The  following  rates  will  be  charged  for  fuel  gas  : 

FOR  COOKING. 

Nov.  1  to  May  1.  May  1  to  Nov.  1. 

No.  7  Mixer 12  78  $1  66  . 

No.  5      '■     2  22  139 

No.  3      "      167  83 

FOR   LARGE   COOKING   .STOVE. 

No.  9  Mixer 3  33       2  22 

FOR  nEATING. 

No.  7.— 1st  Mixer,  per  month,  $5  00  Per  year  $30  00 

2d  "  "  4  4-t  "  26  64 

3d  "  "  3  89  "  23  34 

4th  "  "  3  33  "  19  98 

.5th  "  "  2  78  "  16  68 

6th  "  "  2  22  "  13  32 

No.  .5.-lst  "  "  3  89  "  23  34 

2d  "  "  3  33  "  19  98 

3d  "  «    •  2  78  "  16  68 

4th  "  "  2  22  "  13  32 

5th  "  "  1  m  "  9  96 

0th  "  "  1  39  "  8  34 

No.  3.— 1st  "  "  2  22 

2d  "  "  1  66 

FURNACES. 

Per  Month.  Per  Year. 

'A"  Mixer,  21  inch  fire  pot $6  95  $41  70 

"B"      "         24    "          "       8  66  51  96 

"C"     "          26     "           "       9  44  56  64 

"D"     "         28    "          "      10  00  60  00 

"E"      "         30    "          "       1166  69  96 

"F"      "         35    "          "      13  89  83  34 


P  A  K  T    XIV, 


ARCHITECTURE, 


T^ 


I 


I 


CHAPTER    I. 


PUBLIC    AND    BUSINESS    BUILniNGS. RESIDENCES. — ARCHITECTS. 


IT  would  he  imjiraetieable,  in  llio  very  limited 
space  now  available  in  this  volume,  to  give 
anything  like  an  extended  — niueh  less  a  full — 
statement  of  the  progress  of  arehiteotural  de- 
velopment in  Toledo.  The  most  that  is  now 
practicable,  is  to  refer  briefly  to  a  few  of  tlie 
earlier  and  moi-e  recent  structures. 

Elsewhere  is  given  a  view  of  the  first  Ware- 
house in  Toledo  (built  in  1817),  in  connection 
with  "  No.  Five  Wabash  Elevator.''  lu  like 
contrast  are  given  the  pioneer  School-house,  in 
which  was  held  the  first  session  of  a  Court  in 
Ijueas  County,  and  the  present  Central  and 
Manual  Training  School  building. 

In  different  parts  of  this  volume,  inciden- 
tall)^  occurs  more  or  less  of  record  of  early  busi- 
ness and  residence  buildings.  From  a  .some- 
what detailed  statement  by  liichard  Mott  of  the 
advance  reached  when  he  came  to  Toledo  in 
1836,  (prepared  in  1872,  for  Knapp's  History 
of  the  Maumee  Valley),  we  make  the  following 
extracts : 

My  personal  knowleilfje  of  tlie  IMauniee  country 
dates  from  the  1st  of  March,  183G.  1  arrived  there 
after  a  three  days'  ride  by  .stage  from  Columbus.  The 
Black  Swamp  was  frozen  hard  and  we  had  an  easy 
ride  through  that  then  dreaded  region.  AVillard  V. 
AVay,  then,  as  now,  a  resident  of  Perrysbnrg,  was  the 
only  other  passenger  in  the  stage,  our  three  days'  as- 
sociation making  us  pi-etty  well  acquainted,  by  the 
time  he  got  out  at  Spaiford's,  where  we  changed 
horses,  and  I  came  ou  alone  to  Toledo,  reaching  the 
"Toledo  House"  late  in  the  afternoon. 

The  road  from  INIaumee  wound  along  through  the 
woods,  near  the  bank  of  the  River,  and  not  tar  from 
the  present  River  Road.  The  forest  extended  to  the 
South  bank  of  Swan  Creek — no  improvement  being 
on  that  side,  nearer  than  George  Knaggs'  farm,  after 
leaving  Port  Miami.  At  Swan  Creek,  a  road  had  been 
cut,  commencing  where  Henry  Brand's  Brewery  now 
is  (147  St.  Clair),  and  descending  along  the  side  of  the 
hank  to  about  opposite  Superior  Street,  where  was  a 
bridge  — carried  off  by  a  freshet  a  few  weeks  later. 
For  some  years  afterwards,  the  Creek  was  crossed  by 
a  scow  ferry  boat,  large  enough  to  carry  a  single  team. 
This  ferry  was  kept  by  Harrison  Crane,  father  of 
Charles  A.  Crane,  of  East  Toledo. 

Adjoining  the  Toledo  House,  was  the  store  of  W. 
J.  Daniels  &  Co.,  in  which,  at  the  time,  Roswell 
Cheney,  Jr.,  and  Daniel  McBain  were  clerks.  Cheney 
remained  in  Toledo,  and  died  in  1845. 

Over  the  .store,  reached  by  outside  stairs,  was  a 
large  room  occupied  by  Emery  D.  Potter  (since  Judge) 
as  a  Lawyer's  office.  This  office  was  much  resorted 
to  by  the  .Judge's  friends,  who  wished  to  write  or 
transact  business,  all  of  whom  were  heartily  wel- 
comed by  him — pens,  ink  and  paper,  and  a  seat  at  his 
long  table,  thrown  in.  It  was,  in  fact,  the  most  at- 
tractive loafing  place  in  town.  Occasionally,  in  the 
evenings,  a  Debating  Society  met  there.  Besides 
Judge  Potter,  Peter  Palmer  (now  living  in  Lockport), 


Daniel  JIcHain,  Caleb  F.  Abbott,  and  Josiah  0.  Mur- 
fee,  were  prondnent  in  tins  organization.  Josh\ia  R. 
Giddings,  and  Benjamin  F.  Wade, came  in  theSpring, 
and  took  |)art  in  some  real  estate  purchases.  Wade 
did  not  stay  long,  but  Giddings  remained  a  longtime, 
and  took  an  active  jiart  con  ainore  in  the  Debating  So- 
ciety. Later  in  the  Spring,  Edward  Wade  also  came, 
and  opened  a  Law  office  in  company  witli  Kicliard 
Cooke.  The  early  settlers  will  recollect  Cooke  as  a 
Lawyer  of  much  promise,  cut  short  by  his  untimely 
death,  a  few  years  later. 

Nearly  opposite  W.  J.  Daniels  &  Co.,  on  part  of 
the  lot  where  Ketcham,  Bond  &  Co.  now  are  (U()-:i8 
Summit  Street),  was  another  frame  store  standing 
alone,  over  the  door  of  winch  was  the  sign  of  ,\. 
Palmer  li  Co.  This  old  Iniilding  remained  tiU  18.')!», 
when  it  was  pulled  down  to  make  room  for  the  Mock 
belonging  to  V.  H.  Ketcham. 

Daniels  &  Goettel  (Muuson  H.  Daniels  and  Henry 
Goettel)  were  doing  a  large  business  in  a  wooden 
building,  on  the  corner  of  Perry  and  Swan  .Streets. 
During  the  )'ear,  they  put  up  two  three-story  brick 
stores,  on  the  corner  of  Monroe  and  Summit  Streets, 
and,  in  the  Fall  of  ]s:!6,  moved  into  the  corner  one. 
These  stores  were  burned  October  1(1,  18(1(1,  and  are 
replaced  by  the  present  Lenk's  Block,  erected  in  the 
Spring  of  1861.  A  row  of  buildings  stood  on  the 
Northwest  side  of  St.  Ciair  Street,  built  by  Coleman 
I.  Keeler,  Jr.,  where  is  now  the  American  House 
(St.  Clair,  oppo.site  Perry),  but  extending  further 
South,  and  across  the  alley  that  runs  between  the 
new  Police  Station  and  Kelsey  &  King's  Pork-house. 
The  usually  traveled  road  into  the  Port  Lawrence 
end  of  the  "town  was  through  this  Alley,  and  under 
the  wooden  arch-way  of  Keeler's  row.  This  Road 
continued  nearly  to  the  present  site  of  the  African 
Church,  then  more  toward  the  North,  passed  over 
the  rear  of  Austin  Scott's  property,  corner  of  Monroe 
and  Michigan  Streets  ;  thence  crossing  Monroe  Street, 
it  passed  over  the  groimd  where  J.  H.  Whitaker's 
house  is— then  along  in  front  of  Judge  Potter's  resi- 
dence, and  in  the  same  direction  over  the  rear  of 
Calvm  Barker's  and  Horace  Ihilcomb's  grounds,  and 
just  clearing  the  corner  of  Dr.  White's  house,  on 
Madison  Street,  continued  in  a  direct  line  to  the 
present  road  in  front  of  Judge  Fitch's  mansion. 

On  the  River  in  rear  of  the  store  of  A.  Palmer  &  Co., 
was  a  log  warehouse,  an  old  looking  building,  said  to 
have  been  standing  when  (^oleman  1.  Keclcr  landed 
there  in  1S17.  Keeler  settled  in  that  year  on  the 
farm  now  occupied  liy  his  widow,  on  the  Road  above 
mentioneil.  Tliis  log  building  was  taken  down  in 
ISIJti,  by  Judge  John  Baldw  in,  who  juit  on  its  site  the 
Warehouse  occupied,  after  his  deatli,  in  18:!7,  by  Car- 
penter &  Myers,  and  then  by  \'.  H.  Ketcham,  who 
now  owns  the  ground— the  building  having  been 
taken  down  to  make  room  for  Ketcliam's  block. 

The  Oliver  Warehouse,  built  by  Jose[>h  Prentice, 
was  then  staniling  on  the  West  side  of  Monroe  Street, 
where  Koff  it  Co.  now  are,  and  occupie<l  by  A.  Pal- 
mer ct  Co.  Further  down,  under  the  bank  of  the 
River,  on  the  site  of  JL  1.  \\'ilcox's  brick  store  (04 
Water  Street),  was  another  Warehouse,  belonging  to 
William  P.  and  W.  J.  Daniels.  Tlie  bank,  which  was 
there  upwards  of  thirty  feet  higli,  had  been  dugaway 
to  fill  in  for  the  dock  foundation  for  this  Warehouse, 


[807] 


BISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


which  was  oiily  reachable  from  the  laud  side,  by  a 
road  commencing  at  Jefferson  Street,  and  cut  side- 
ways down  the  bank. 

A  bi-ick  store  of  two  stories,  belonging  to  John 
Baldwin,  fronted  Summit  Street,  adjoining  W.  J. 
Ilaniels.     This  stood  till  within  a  few  years  since. 

The  ground  in  front  of  the  Toledo  House  was  about 
at  the  iire.sent  grade  of  Summit  Street,  at  that  corner. 
It  was  .some  four  or  five  feet  at  the  lower  intersection 
of  Monroe  Street.  Here  was  a  run-way  for  the  water 
from  the  low  ground,  along  Mud  Creek.  This  run- 
way was  ei'ossed  on  Summit  Street  by  a  little  log 
bridge— the  logs  well  covered  with  earth.  Beyond 
this,  at  the  East,  was  a  bluff,  some  twenty  feet  above 
the  present  grade,  and  a  road-way  had  been  cut, 
partly  sidewalks,  to  reach  the  top  of  the  bluff.  Here 
was  a  frame  building,  then  occupied,  but  afterwards 
fitted  up,  and  known  as  the  National  Hotel,  and 
where  (in  1845)  Lyman  T.  Thayer  began  his  success- 
ful career  at  hotel-keeping.  The  present  Deuel 
block  ("  Bee  Hive,"  77-79  Summit),  is  on  the  same 
spot.  It  was  then  a  commanding  position,  having  a 
full  view  of  the  River — tliere  being  nothing  to  obstruct 
in  either  direction  up  or  down.  From  this  the  Road 
wound  along  near  the  edge  of  the  bank,  among 
stumps  and  bushes,  and  without  regard  to  map  lines 
of  Streets,  to  the  Postofiice,  a  two-story  brick  build- 
ing, about  loO  feet  East  of  Adams  Street.  This  had 
been  jnit  up  by  PMward  Bissell,  for  the  purpose  it 
was  then  used,  to  be  about  midway  between  the  set- 
tled portions  of  the  previously  rival  Villages  of  Fort 
I^awrence  and  ^"istula,  when  they  concluded  to  bury 
the  hatchet  of  strife,  and  unite  under  the  name  of 
Toledo.  This  Postofhce  building  was  an  isolated  and 
somewhat  desolate  looking  affair,  standing  entirely 
alone.  The  nearest  dwelling  was  a  log  house,  directly 
in  the  present  line  of  Summit  Street,  at  the  corner  of 
Oak,  surrounded  by  a  worm  rail  fence,  enclosing 
about  half  an  acre  for  a  garden  spot.  This  log  house 
was  occupied  by  William  Andrews  and  family,  con- 
sisting of  his  wife,  several  sons  and  ciaughters.  Among 
the  former  was  Samuel  Andrews,  of  the  Blade— then 
a  boy  perhaps  a  dozen  years  old.  The  road  passed 
between  the  enclosure  and  the  River,  over  tlie  lot 
where  Toledo  Mill  stands,  towards  the  corner  of 
Cherry  and  Summit  Streets.  From  this  to  li^lra  Street, 
the  line  of  Sumnnt  Street  was  clearly  defined.  The 
stumps  had  been  mostly  grubbed  out,  and  several 
buildings  were  erected  on  both  sides. 

A  frame  building,  occupied  as  twodwellings,  stood 
on  the  Northwest  corner  of  Cherry  Street.  What  is 
now  Dr.  Bergen's  dwelling,  adjoining  (375  St.  Clair), 
was  nearly  iinished.  The  frame  on  the  corner  was 
afterwards  moved  on  the  lot  where  B.  Mvilink  &  Co.'s 
Furniture  store  stands  (2(14  Summit),  and  was  long 
occupied  by  the  Toledo  Blade,  till  it  was  removed  to 
150  Summit  Street.  Cherry  Street  was  then  the 
Southwesterly  border  of  the  Vistula  division.  The 
entire  space  to  the  Tavern  building,  above  Jefferson 
Street,  was  open  and  wild,  except  the  Postotfice  build- 
ing and  Mr.  Andrews'  log  house. 

On  the  South  side  of  Summit  Street,  on  the  corner 
of  Vine,  was  a  frame  building,  occupied  by  William 
Tillman  as  a  paint  shop  below,  and  dwelling  above. 
This  was  the  next  year  fitted  up  by  Edward  Bissell, 
for  a  dwelling,  and  where  he  resided  for  several  years. 
It  still  stands  in  the  same  place.  Nearly  opposite, 
Richard  Green  ^-ood  had  a  small  frame  dwelling— still 
standing.  The  three  old  stores  on  the  Northwest  side 
of  Summit  Street,  fronting  the  head  of  Vine  Street, 
were  in  course  of  erection.  A  brick  outside  was  put 
on  them  in  1852,  in  which  the5'  still  stand.  When 
Toledo  was  made  a  City,  in  1837,  one  of  the  offices  in 
the  second  story  of  this  block,  was  used  for  the  City 
Council-room.  Scott  &  Richardson  (Samuel  B.  Scott 
and  Worden  N.  Richardson,  both  deceased)  had  a 
store  a  little  below,  towards  Walnut  Street. 


A  row  of  stores,  belonging  to  Edward  Bissell, 
stood  on  the  Southwest  corner  of  Locust  Street,  361 
Summit.  In  the  second  story  of  this  row,  Hezekiah 
D.  Mason  had  his  office.  Judge  Mason  was  regarded 
as  an  old  resident,  having  come  in  1834.  This  row 
was  burned  in  the  Fall  of  1838,  the  most  sickly  .sea.son 
ever  known  in  Toledo.  The  City  had  two  fire  en- 
gines, built  at  Waterford,  New  York ;  and  as  the 
weather  had  been  very  dry,  one  of  the  engines  (No.  1 ) 
had  to  be  run  down  the  bank  of  the  River  for  a  sup- 
ply of  water,  forcing  it  up  to  the  other  (No.  2),  that 
was  thus  enabled  to  throw  one  little  stream.  The 
few  men  who  worked  the  machine  at  the  River, 
were  soon  tired  out,  and  the  stream  stopped.  They 
sent  for  fresh  hands  to  help  work  at  the  brakes,  but 
it  was  next  to  impossible  to  find  any  men  who  were 
well  enough  ;  the  almo.st  invariable  ex(mse  of  every 
bystander  ai>plied  to,  being,  that  he  was  just  out 
from  a  fit  of  the  ague,  and  was  not  able  to  work. 
The  well  men  being  fagged  out,  the  stores  were  de- 
stroyed. All  that  could  be  done  was  to  save  the  near 
buildings. 

About  half  way  between  Locust  and  Lagrange 
Streets,  was  the  Mansion  House,  385  Summit. 

On  the  Southeast  corner  of  Summit  and  Lagrange 
Streets,  was  a  two-story  frame  store,  belonging  to  and 
occupied  by  Dr.  Jacob  Clark,  the  sign  over  tiie  door 
being  Clark  &  Bennett.  This  corner  was  then  re- 
garded as  about  the  centre  of  Ijusiness  in  Toledo, 
and  jierhaps  the  be.st  stand  in  the  place,  till  i843, 
when,  by  the  opening  of  the  Canal,  business  was 
mainh-  drawn  towards  the  Port  Lawrence  end  of  the 
Town.  This  old  store  was  afterwards  occupied  by 
Ketcham  &  Snell,  and  it  was  here  that  .foseph  K. 
Secor  commenced  business  life  as  a  store-boy.  It 
was  sub-seijuently  taken  by  Elijah  S.  Hanks,  W'ho  re- 
mained till  it  was  burned,  in  1844  or  1845. 

Lagrange  Street  was  graded  from  Summit  Street 
(pretty  steeply),  so  that  teams  could  jiass  to  the  dock. 
Here,  on  the  West  side  of  the  Street,  was  the  Ware- 
house of  Peckham  &  Co.,  still  standing,  now  owned 
by  P.  H.  Birckhead  (303-369  Water  Street).  Peck- 
ham  &  Co.  did  the  largest  forwarding  business  of  the 
place,  most  of  the  steamboats  coming  in  the  River 
stopping  at  their  wharf.  The  members  of  the  firm 
were  Bunnell  H.  Peckham  and  John  Berdan. 

In  the  Spring  of  1836,  two  other  Warehouses  were 
put  up  near  the  foot  of  Lagrange  Street,  on  the  East 
side.  The  lower  one  was  occupied  by  Bissell  &  Gard- 
ner (Frederick  Bissell  and  Jo.seph  B.  Gardner).  Mr. 
Bissell  continued  in  business  in  Toledo  till  his  death, 
in  June,  1870.  Gardner  was  afterwards  Postmaster, 
succeeding  Judge  Potter,  in  1839.  He  removed  to 
Buffalo,  and  died  many  years  ago. 

The  other  Warehouse  was  kept  first  by  Poag  & 
Morse,  then  Poag  &  Titus,  and  afterwards  by  Robert 
W.  Titus.  John  Poag  went  to  New  York  about 
1840,  and  after  a  few  years  became  one  of  the  firm  of 
Kent,  Poag  &  Co., — grew  wealthy,  invested  largely 
in  Toledo  real  estate,  which  has  turned  out  very  ad- 
vantageously. He  returned  to  Toledo,  and  died  in 
18G8. 

The  same  warehouse  (the  second  story)  was  taken 
b}'  Titus  &  Co.,  from  New  York,  in  the  Spring  of 
1838  (Avery  and  Walter  Titus),  for  a  dry  goods  and 
groceries  jobbing  establishment.  They  did  a  good 
business  ;  but.  trying  to  carry  a  load  of  debt,  grow- 
ing out.of  theii'  New'  York  business  in  1S:')7,  proved 
too  great  a  buiden,  and,  after  the  death  of  Avery 
Titus,  in  1841,  tlie  firm  was  obliged  to  suspend. 
Walter  is  still  living  in  New  York.  These  Ware- 
houses still  remain,  and  are  parts  of  the  Novelty 
Works  establishment.  Southea.st  corner  Lagrange  and 
Water. 

The  first  Mill  for  grinding  grain  in  Toledo 
was   built  during  the  year    183S,  for   Edward 


ARCHITECTURE. 


80!) 


Bissoll,and  under  tlic  supcrintondcncoof  Aliira 
Hil)bai'(i.  It  was  located  at  the  foot  of  Klin 
Street.  V>y  Jamiarj-,  ISoO,  it  was  so  lUr  ad- 
vanced, tliat  the  work  of  jiiitliiiii;  in  the 
niaehinei-y  was  commenced.  The  parts  of  the 
entwine  lor  the  propelliny  of  the  mill  were 
brought  here  from  Sandusky  or  Detroit, and  jnit 
Id  placeby  a  machinist  by  the  name  of  Hall,  from 
Detroit.  The  mill-wrighl's  name  was  Clark, 
he  coming  from  Adrian,  or  thereabouts.  i[r. 
Josiah  Chambers  bad  come  here  for  settlement 
during  the  3-ear  1838,  and  having  hail  experience 
in  milling  was  engaged  to  assist  in  getting  the 
machinery  in  place,  and  when  this  was  accom- 
plished he  became  the  Miller.  All  things  being 
ready,  operations  were  commenced  in  March, 
1839.  The  first  grist  consisted  of  32  bushels  of 
"Wheat  purchased  for  the  purpose,  which  was 
ground  in  the  most  satisfactory  manner  in  55 
minutes,  a  result  highly  pratitying  to  all  con- 
cerned, ilr.  Chambers  had  left  a  job  of  cutting 
Steamboat  cord-wood,  to  work  at  the  mill,  and 
in  April  returned  to  it,  when  a  Miller  from 
Western  New  York  succeeded  him  in  the  mill; 
but  the  newcomer  soon  became  discouraged  at 
the  general  condition  of  tilings  about  Toledo, 
and  returned  to  his  old  home.  In  such  emer- 
gency Mr.  Chamberswas  sent  for,  when  it  was 
arranged  that  the  mill  should  be  run  two  da3's 
in  the  week — Wednesdays  and  Saturdays — and 
he  should  attend  on  those  da_y.s.  This  he  did  for 
some  time,  the  Mill,  meantime,  furnishing  far 
greater  facilities  than  there  was  demand  lor. 
Some  days  there  was  scarcely  anything  to  do. 
When  not  needed  for  the  Grist  Mill,  the  engine 
was  used  for  driving  a  Saw  Mill,  adjacent. 
These  J\lills  subsequently  passed  into  the  hands 
of  William  H.  Raymond,  now  a  resident  of 
California.  They  were  burned  manj'  j-ears 
since.  The  engine  in  these  Mills  was  the  first 
one  used  in  Toledo,  and  so  substantial  and  per- 
fect a  machine  was  it,  that  now,  after  a  service 
of  nearly  half  a  century,  the  old  ]iioneer  is  able 
to  perform  full  service  in  furnishing  power  for 
the  Planing  Mill  of  John  S.  Eck  &  Co  ,  18  Su- 
perior Street.  At  the  time  Mr.  Chambers  was 
engageil  to  take  charge  of  the  Flouring  Mill, 
lie  was  getting  out  wood  for  market,  cutting  it 
on  lands  about  where  now  stands  the  residence 
of  V.  H.  Ketcham  (corner  Cherry  and  Bancroft 
Streets).  A  portion  of  his  wood  was  sold  to 
Kichard  Mott,  lor  Steamboat  u.se,  and  was  de- 
livered on  the  bank  of  the  River  near  foot  of 
Monroe  Street,  the  price  being  $1.50  per  cord 
lor  the  best  i|uality.  He  then  paid  25  cents  per 
jard  for  common  calico,  15  cents  per  pound  for 
salt  pork,  and  45  cents  per  ])ound  for  butter, 
buying  a  ])ortion  of  his  sii]iplies  of  the  latter 
article  from  Rev.  Isaac  Flagler,  then  Pastor  of 
the  Presbyterian  C!hurch,  who  received  it  in 
crocks  from  Western  New  York. 

Among  the  jirominent  jioints  in  the  early 
history  of  Toledo  was  a  twostory  frame  build- 
ing, tJ2  Cherry  Street,  on  the  lot  now  occupied 

52 


by  the  Clark  Block.  It  was  erected  in  the 
Winter  of  1835-(!  lor  Smith,  Macj-  &  Co.,  of 
Buffalo,  the  builder  being  a  Mr.  Leet.  The 
frame  was  a  solid  one,  requiring  much  force, 
then  to  be  had  only  by  the  voluntary  co-opera- 
tii)ii  of  many  neighbors,  in  what  was  known  as 
a  "  I'aisiiif;."  The  structure  was  ]nit  up  in 
jiarts,  beginning  with  the  bents,  which  were 
followed  by  the  various  other  parts,  piece  by 
piece,  until  the  rafters  were  adjusted  to  the 
ridgepole.  The  job  of  that  particular  frame 
was  greatly  increased  by  the  serious  malarial 
sickness  of  the  previous  Summer  and  Fall, 
which  had  rendered  so  many  physically  unable 
to  assist  in  such  work.  During  the  greater 
portion  of  its  existence,  the  building  was  occu- 
pied as  a  boarding  house,  and  in  its  earlier 
history  was  the  temporary  home  of  manj-  of 
Toledo's  prominent  citizens.  Its  first  tenant 
was  Eleazer  Newcomb,  the  father  of  Alexan- 
der H.  Newcomb,  who  for  several  years  kept 
boarders  there.  Among  these  were  C.  W.  Hill, 
J.  R.  Bond,  C.  M.  Dorr  and  J.  R.  Osborn.  Gen. 
Dodd,  a  Canal  contractor,  at  one  time  occupied 
a  ]iortion  of  the  building,  as  did  Mr.  Hertzler, 
tlie  father  of  Horace  Hertzler  and  Mrs.  C.  M. 
Dorr.  Many  weddings  took  place  there,  in- 
cluding those  of  S.  R.  Reed  of  Cincinnati;  and 
the  late  Ira  L.  Clark,  the  veteran  Conductor  on 
the  Lake  Shore  Railroad.  In  1874,  Wm.  Clark, 
who  for  IS  years  had  a  boarding-house  in  the 
building,  removed  it,  to  make  room  for  the 
brick  block  now  on  the  site. 

"Wigwam" — the  building,  168-172  Summit 
Street,  has  a  history  of  some  interest.  At  open- 
ing of  the  Presidential  campaign  of  1860,  the 
site  of  that  building  was  vacant,  having  never 
been  improved.  Not  long  after  the  nomination 
of  Mr.  Lincoln,  the  Republicans  of  Toledo  sat 
about  the  supply-  of  much-needed  headquarters 
for  their  part}',  and  the  fact  that  the  Chicago 
Convention  of  their  party  was  held  in  a  build- 
ing constructed  si)ecially  for  the  occasion  and 
called  a  '■  Wigwam,"  after  the  abode  of  the 
Lulians,  suggested  the  provision  of  like  accom- 
modations here.  Fortunately,  the  location  was 
at  hand,  being  60  feet  of  space  between  two 
brick  buildings,  leaving  front  and  rear  walls 
and  roof  to  be  provided.  This  was  soon  done, 
when,  a  plain  floor  and  seats  and  gas  fixtures, 
the  ■•  Wigwam"  was  ready  for  dedication.  It 
was  amjileand  convenient  in  accommodations, 
and  was  a  lively'  place  throughout  the  cam- 
paign. After  the  election,  it  continued  to  be 
used  for  concerts  and  other  public  gatherings, 
furnishing,  as  it  did,  the  amplest  accommoda- 
tions in  the  City.  In  1861,  Mr.  Uriah  Gregory 
o]iened  in  this  building  a  C'ollego  of  Trade, 
which  embraced  liotli  instruction  in  the  ditter- 
ent  de|)artinents  of  commercial  knowledge,  by 
studies  and  lectures,  and  jiractical  education  in 
trade  through  a  sales  de|iartnient.  For  these 
purposes  convenient  rooms  were  provided. 
Among  those  who  delivered  lectures,  were  M.  li. 


810 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Waite,  J.  M.  Gre£;oi\y,  late  United  States  Civil 
Service  Coinniissioner ;  liiihard  Waitc,  of  liio 
Toledo  Bar;  and  Moses  T.  Brown,  the  Sujjer- 
inten<ient  of  the  Toledo  Public  Schools.  This 
liuilding  was  destroyed  by  tire  in  tiie  Fall  of 
1SS7,  and  three  buildings  were  ercetetl  on  its 
site. 

The  eon.strnelion  of  the  Manhattan  Floui-iiii:; 
Mill  (now  Taylor's)  was  an  important  ad- 
vance  in   that    de])artment    of  improvement. 

]t  was  built  for  Mr.  Baker,    of   Buffalo, 

New  York,  and  wa.s  completed  in  October, 
1845.  The  building  was  put  up  by  Jolin  Kirk, 
:ind  the  machinery  put  in  by  George  Lawton, 
Mill  Wright.  Tbe  work  was  done  under  the 
superintendence  of  Moses  Colby,  and  the 
management  of  tbe  establishment  placed  in 
the  bands  of  A.  C.  Beckwith,  Miller.  The 
building  was  then  60x40  feet  and  four  and  a 
half  stories  high,  and  was  supplied  with  water- 
power  from  the  Canal,  then  recently'  ojiened. 
Its  estimated  capacity  was  1,000  bushels  per 
day.  It  was  much  the  best  establishment  of 
the  kind  then  in  Northwestern  Ohio.  It  was 
burned  in  1882  and  rebuilt  the  same  year  by 
T.  A.  Taylor,  who  now  manages  it. 

The  pioneer  Brewery  of  Toledo  was  that  of 
J.  J.  Vogelsang,  who,  January  12,  1839,  "  in- 
formed his  friends  and  the  public,  that  he  had 
commenced  the  manufacture  of  Strong  Beer 
in  this  Citj',"  promising  "all  who  want,  on 
the  Uiver  or  in  the  neighboring  Towns,  with 
an  article  superior  to  any  theretofore  ottered 
in  this  market."  He  also  "supplied  families 
with  Yeast."  His  Brewerj^  was  on  Lagrange 
Street,  one  door  below  Peckham  &  Co.'s  Ware- 
house. In  March,  1840,  Mertz  &  Leiser  took 
this  Brewery,  promising  Strong  Beer  equal  to 
the  best  in  Detroit  or  Cleveland. 

The  first  Distillery  for  the  manufacture  of 
High  Wines  established  in  Toledo,  was  that 
of  Kraus,  Boemer  &  Co.  It  was  built  in  1847, 
being  located  or.  Swan  Creek,  occupying  the 
ibrmer  site  of  the  Steam  Saw-Mill  built  by  T. 
&  J.  Darlington,  in  1835.  It  was  on  the  lot 
adjoining  on  the  Northwest  the  present  Lum- 
ber Yard  of  William  Peter,  corner  Huron  and 
Short  Street-s.  The  Distillery  was  100x32  feet 
on  the  ground  ;  four  stories  high,  and  fitted 
with  apparatus  for  using  350  bushels  of  Corn 
per  day.  It  had  two  runs  of  Mill-Stone,  which 
were  propelled  by  two  low-pressure  engines  of 
25  horse-power  each. 

In  1830,  upon  the  completion  of  the  Erie 
and  Kalamazoo  liailroad  to  Adrian,  and  in 
]ireparation  for  its  operation  with  horse-power, 
Edward  Bissell,  Sen.,  manager  of  the  lioad, 
erected  a  Barn  for  the  accommodation  of 
the  hor.ses  to  be  thus  emploj'ed.  Upon  the 
introduction  of  steam-power  on  the  Eail- 
road,  in  1837,  this  Barn  was  removed  to  the 
corner  of  Walnut  Street  and  Ostrich  Lane, 
and  for  a  time  was  used  as  a  Livery  Stable  by 
Leverett  Bissell.     For   many  years  it  was  not 


occnpied  for  any  purpose.  In  1SC3  it  w;is 
taken  to  the  corner  of  Water  and  Jjagrange 
Streets,  for  use  in  connection  with  the  Machine 
Sho])s  of  Vulcan  Iron  AV'orks.  There  tiie  old 
building  yet  stands,  just  entered  upon  the 
second  half-century  of  its  existence,  all  un- 
consciou.s  of  the  changes  which  have  for  5(1 
years  been  going  on  about  it;  and  especiallv 
of  the  extraordinary  advancement  made  in 
the  o]jeration  of  liailwaj's  since  it  gave  coni- 
fortable  quarters  to  the  animals  which  for 
months  moved  the  trains  on  the  pioneer  Bail- 
road  of  the  West. 

Nerval  B.  Bacon,  Architect,  was  born  in 
Madison  County.  New  York,  in  1837.  He  was 
educated  in  Eastern  Schools;  studied  architec- 
ture in  Boston,  Mass.;  Utica,  N.  Y.;  and  othn- 
Eastern  Cities;  came  to  Toledo  in  1873,  where 
lie  has  since  been  engaged  in  his  profcs.sion. 
His  first  exj)erience  in  building,  was  as  a  prac- 
tical Mechanic,  afterwards  working  at  the 
draughting  table  for  some  12  }"ears.  Among 
the  Toledo  buildings  receiving  plans  fi-om  his 
office,  ai'e  the  following  :  The  Blade  Office  and 
Lorenz  building  on  Jefferson  Street;  Ketcham 
and  Nearing  block.  Northeast  corner  of  Adams 
and  Summit  Streets  ;  Ketcham  buildings,  cor- 
ners of  Summit  ami  Oak  and  of  St.  Clair  and 
Oak  Streets;  the  building  oecu]3ied  by  Woolson 
Sjiice  Company  (corner  of  Oak  and  Sujjei'ior 
Streets),  by  Smith  &  Ilaldeman  (corner  Superior 
and  Oak  Streets),  bj-  A.  Black  (corner  Huron 
and  Oak  Streets).  Also  tlie  residences  of  (Jco. 
Emerson,  T.  C.  Rowland,  J.  G.  Mitchell,  .1.  P.. 
Bell,  J.  P.  Kumler,  L.  S.  Baumgardner,  and 
others  in  Toledo,  as  well  as  in  neighlioring 
Town.s.  In  1885  Mr.  Bacon  was  ajipointed 
Sujterintendent  of  Construction  of  the  Govern- 
ment building  in  Toledo,  which  position  he  yet 
holds. 

1).  L.  Stine,  is  successor  to  D.  W.  Gihbs  k 
Co.,  Architects,  among  the  oldest  firms  in 
the  business  at  Toledo.  While  many  promi- 
nent home  buildings  are  included  in  their 
operations,  their  main  business  has  been 
abroad.  These  include  the  Capitol  bnildinij;  of 
Wyoming  at  Cheyenne;  Court-Houses  at  Nor- 
walk,  Newark,  Na]ioleon,  Marion,  Hamilton 
and  other  ]ilaces  in  Ohio;  Jails  at  Tiffin, 
JNlarion,  Delaware,  Urbana,  Sanduskj^,  &c., 
Ohio;  Churches  at  Auburn  and  Goshen,  In- 
diana, and  ColumbusGrove  and  Urbana, Ohio; 
together  with  Infirmai-ics,  Children's  Homes, 
School  buildings,  Opera  House,  Temjiles,  A:c., 
at  various  ])oints.  Among  their  structures  at 
home,  are  Masonic  Teni]ile,  Soldiers'  Memorial 
Hall,  German  Methodist  Cliurches,  Second  and 
Fifth  Wards. 

Edward  O.  Fallis  commenced  business  in 
Toledo  as  an  Architect  in  1871.  Among  the 
jn'ominent  buildings  erected  under  his  arrange- 
ment, are  the  following:  Warren  School  and 
Manual  Training  School  buildings,  Odd  Fellows 
Temple  and  Toledo  Insane  Asylum.     He  has 


I 


MK  niTKCTUUE. 


Sll 


and  elsowlioro. 

Hesitle  tlifi  fbrotjoint:;  ArcliiU'cts  now  in  busi- 
ness, ai'o  M.  F.  Williams,  W.  It.  'rajipau  and 
().  W.  Vallotto. 


ALEXANDER  DAWSON  was  born  atPertb- 
sliire,  Scotianil,  Juno  22,  1838.  He  is  of  Scottish 
parontacjc.  His  Aitber  was  a  Veterinary  Sur- 
^oon,  and  was  V)orn  in  the  Nortli  of  Scotland, 
and  died  in  1870,  at  an  advanced  age.  His 
mother's  maiden  name  was  Isabclhi  C'amjibell. 
'I'lie  son  attended  the  J'arochial  and  Evening 
i'rivato  Schools  until  his  15th  year,  when  he 
liegan  an  aj)]irenticeshi]i  at  the  trade  of  ear- 
|ientcr  and  joiner  at 'Ji'ietl' Pertli.  After  fimr 
years  of  that  service,  ho  woi'ked  at  his  ti-ade 
lor  a  time  in  Perth  City,  and  then  went  to 
I'lilinburgh,  where  he  remained  until  his  tle- 
parturo  for  the  United  States,  in  tiio  Spring  of 
ISVl,  landing  at  New  York.  He  remained 
there  for  tour  j'ears,  at  first  following  his  trade, 
and  then  takini,'  contracts  for  the  erection  of 
huiklings.  In  the  fall  of  1874,  Mr.  Dawson 
rame  to  Toledo.  Alter  working  lor  one  year 
in  the  enijiloymcnt  of  others,  he  entered  ujion 
(he  business  of  Contractor  and  l^uilder,  which 
he  has  since  pursued.  His  shop,  from  the  first, 
lias  been  on  Adams  Street.  His  success  has 
l)een  entirely  satisfactory,  lie  liaving  erecteil 
■^ome  of  the  largest  and  best  public  buildinirs 
in  this  and  adjoining  States.  In  1877  he 
lormed  a  partncr.ship  with  John  Anderson,  the 
firm  being  Dawson  &  Anderson.  Among  the 
structures  erected  by  them  are  Memorial  Hall; 
the  German  Evangelical  Church,  corner  Can- 
ton Avenue  and  Scott  Street;  and  the  Penn- 
sylvania Kailroad  De])ot;  together  with  some 
of  the  most  elegant  and  substantial  residences 
in  the  City.  But  their  operations  have  by  no 
nieans  been  confined  to  Toledo.  The  following 
named  buildings  elsewhere  will  indicate  some- 
thing of  their  work  abroad:  Campbell  Univer- 


sity, Hollon,  Kansas;  St.  Boniface  Oiiurcli, 
Detroit,  Mich.;  Infirmary,  Putnam  (Jountj-, 
Ohio;  Court-Houses  at  Mackinaw  and  Kal- 
kaska, Michigan,  anil  at  tialesburgh,  Illinois; 
the  High  Scliool  at  ikdlefontaine,  Ohio ;  Era- 
ternity  Hall,  (Jaleshurgh,  Illinois;  Art  Mu- 
seum, Detroit,  Michigan;  and  sevei'al  f'hurches 
and  other  ])ublic  builcjings  in  Kansas  ('it}^ 
Missouri  —  some  of  which  are  magnitii'ent 
edifices  in  architectural  design  and  of  most 
substantial  construction.  The  nature  of  Mr. 
Dawson's  business  is  such  as  to  keep  him  away 
from  home  so  large  a  ])ortion  of  bis  time  as  to 
deny  him  the  personal  acquaintance  with  the 
people  of  Toledo  which  he  would  like ;  but  he 
takes  a  deep  interest  in  whatever  concerns  the 
City.  His  opei'atious  abroad  bring  him  into 
pei'sonal  relations  with  large  numbers  of 
Builders  and  Architects,  by  whom  he  is  held 
in  high  esteem.  Ho  is  a  member  of  Toledo 
liodgc,  No.  4tl2,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  and  of  the  Knights 
of  the  (iolden  Pule.  Mr.  Dawson  was  mai-ried 
in  187(1,  with  Agnes  Stevens,  of  Perthshire, 
Scollaml.  They  have  had  seven  childi-en,  of 
whom  live  are  now  living — two  sons  and  three 
daughters.  Mr.  Dawson  is  a  member  ot  First 
Presbyterian  Church,  Toledo. 


POST  OFFICE  RECORD. 

As  elsewhere  stated,  the  first  Post  Office  in 
Port  Ijawrence  Townshiji  was  established  at 
Tremainesville,  and  bore  the  name  Port  Ijaw- 
rence, with  Cyrus  Fisher  as  Postmaster.  I'he 
mail  was  carrieil  three  times  .a  week  on  horse- 
back, between  Detroit  and  Lower  Sanduskj' 
( Fremont). 

When  the  Towns  of  Vistula  and  Port  Law- 
rence were  started  (18;-{2),  each  had  a  Post 
Office — Theodore  Bis.scU  and  Junius  Fhigg  act- 
ing as  Postmaster  for  the  (ormer,  and  Stephen 
B.  Comstock  for  the  latter. 

Upon  the  consolidation  of  the  two  Towns  in 
1S;>:!,  the  Post  Office  took  the  name  of  Toledo, 
with  Comstock  as  Postmaster.  He  served  until 
]8;i('i,  when  Emery  D.  Potter  was  ap])oinfed. 
In  ]8:-!!l,  upon  his  election  as  President  Judge 
of  the  Common  Pleas  Circuit,  Jlr.  Potter  re- 
signed, and  was  succeeded  iiv  Jose])h  B.  tJard- 
ncr,  who  continued  until  1811,  at  wliicii  time 
Andrew  Palmer  was  apjiointed.  \n  184.")  Tru- 
man C.  Everts  was  made  Postmaster,  serving 
until  the  appointment  of  Hezekiah  D.  Mason 
in  1849.  Upon  the  advent  of  tlie  Pierce  ad- 
ministration in  1853,  General  John  E.  Hunt, 
then  of  Mauniee  City,  was  made  Po.stmaster  at 
Toledo,  to  which  place  he  removed  and  con- 
tinued in  the  office  until  succeo<ied  in  A|iril, 
18(il,  by  George  Walbridge,  who,  living  but  a 
few  weeks  thereafter,  was  succeeded  by  Edward 
P.  Bassett.  In  1805  Dennison  Steele  was  ap- 
pointed, serving  until  18(10,  when  he  was  re- 
moved by  President  Johnson,  by  whom  A.  G. 
Clark  was  appointetl,  whose    noniinatiou    not 


812 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


being  confirmed  b}-  the  Senate,  Alex.  Eeecl  was 
nominated  and  confirmed,  serving  until  1870, 
wlien  he  was  succeeded  by  E.  V.  McMaken. 
His  successor  was  P.  H.  Dowling,  ap])ointed  in 
Aiiril,  1874.  In  1878  Charles  H.  Eddy  was 
apjiointed,  and  on  the  expiration  of  his  term  in 
1882,  P.  H.  Dowling  was  again  appointed,  and 
lield  the  office  until  1887,  when  he  was  suc- 
ceeded by  George  E.  Loreiiz,  the  ]iresent  in- 
cumbent. 


ton,  Wood,  Defiance,  Heniy,  Paulding,  Put- 
nam and  Williams,  with  the  Collector's  office 
at  Toledo.  December  31,  1875,  this  Di.strict 
was  consolidated  with  tlie  Ninth,  consisting  of 
the  Counties  of  Erie,  Huron,  Ottawa,  fSan- 
dusky,  Crawford  and  Seneca.  August  1,  188H, 
the  District  was  consolidated  with  the  old 
Fourth  District,  consisting  of  the  Counties  of 
Champaign,  Darke,  Logan,  Miami,  and  Shelb}'; 
and  the  old    Fifth  District,  comjjrising  Allen, 


TNITED    STATES    GOVERNMENT    BUILDING,    TOLEDO. 

Size,  73x148  feet.    Construction  commenced  in  1SS*2,  and  completed  in  18.S8.    Superintendents  of  ConsiructioD,  D.  W.  Giblts  and 

X.  B.  Bacon.    Cost  Uneluding  site),  about  34-2J,UUO. 


It  M-ill  thus  be  seen,  that  there  have  been  17 
different  Postmasters  at  Toledo,  including  the 
three  appointed  lor  Vistula  and  Port  Lawrence. 

THE  INTERNAL  REVENUE  OFFICE. 

The  act  of  Congress  creating  the  lutei-nal 
Pevenue  Bureau  was  approved  July  1,  18(52. 

The  several  States  were  divided  into  Collec- 
tion Districts  substantialh-  as  for  representa- 
tion in  Congress.  The  Tenth  District  of  Ohio 
then  consisted  of  the  Counties  of  Lucas,    Ful- 


Auglaize,     Hancock,    Hardin,     Mercer,     Van 
Wert  and  Wyandot. 

The  Collectors  of  the  Tenth  District  have 
been  as  follows  :  Samuel  A.  Raj-mond,  August 
30,  1862,  to  May  7,  180ti;  Harrv  Chase,  May 
G,  1866,  to  May  11,  1869;  Joseph  P.  Swigar't, 
May  12,  1869,  to  July  9,  1877;  Clark  Wag- 
goner, July  10,  1877,  to  July  31,  1882;  John  F. 
Ivumler,  August,  1882,  to  January  1,  1887; 
George  L.  Johnson,  since  January  1,  1887. 
The  Chief  Deputies  of  the  same  District  have 
been — George  P.  Tourtellott,  under   Collectors 


IXTEnXAL  HFA-EXUE. 


SI  3 


Kajmond,  Chase  and  Swigart;  Clayton  R. 
Heath,  under  Colloetors  Waggonor  and  Kuni- 
ler;  and  Irwin  Belf'ord,  underColleclor.lwhnson. 
The  present  organization  of  tiio  office  is  as 
follows:  Collector — Goo.  L.  Johnson;  l)e]nity 
Collectors — Irwin  Belford,  Leroy  E.  Clarke, 
Constantine  R.  Konopak.  Wm.  JI.  Jones,  John 
E.  Conklin,  Charles  A.  Kloeb  and  Miss  Jennie 
McCormick  ;  Clerks — Jacob  Kohn  and  George 
Hiibler;  Gausrers — W.  I).  I51ackman,  L.  E.  Mer- 
ry and  G.  A.  Brooks. 

THE  CUSTOMS  DISTRICT. 

The  tirst  Custom  House  opened  in  the  Mau- 
mee  Valley,  was  at  Mauniec  City,  in  1818,  the 
District  bearing  the  name  of  Miami.  For  a 
period  of  15  years,  the  business  was  very 
small,  being  substantially  limited  to  the  traffic 
of  Maumce  and  Perrysburg. 

The  first  Collector  of  Customs  was  Samuel 
Spaftord.  who  came  from  Cleveland,  about 
I8I7.  He  was  succeeded  by  Dr.  Horatio 
Conant.  After  him  came  James  Jackson,  who 
was  succeeded  by  Charles  C.  P.  Hunt  (in  office 
in  1835  and  alterwards).  In  1850  the  Col- 
lector's office  was  removed  to  Toledo,  James 
H.  Forsyth,  of  Maumee,  then  being  the  Col- 
lector. He  was  succeeded  by  Charles  "\V.  Hill, 
appointed  bj-  President  Fillmore,  who  was  fol- 
lowed by  Josiah  Eiley,  under  President  Pierce. 
His  successor  was  Dennis  Coghlin,  who  was 
removed,  and  E.  D.  Potter,  Sen.,  appointed  by 
President  Buchanan  in  1858,  he  serving  until 
1861,  when  Andrew  Stephan  succeeded  him 
under  President  Lincoln.  In  1866,  President 
Johnson  appointed  John  E.  Hunt,  Jr.,  for  the 
position,  who  was  rejected  by  the  Senate. 
Patrick  S.  Slevin  was  appointed  in  1867,  re. 
apjiointed  in  1871,  and  resigned  in  1874.  John 
W.  Fuller  was  then  appointed  and  re-apjiointed 
in  1878,  serving  two  terms.  Joseph  B.  Battelle 
was  his  successor  in  1882,  and  was  succeeded  in 
1886  b}'  the  present  incumbent,  William  11, 
McLyman. 

Collector  Jackson  was  from  Tennessee,  and 
a  relative  of  President  Andrew  Jackson.  Ho 
was  the  father  of  William  Jackson,  an  Engineer 
connected  with  the  construction  of  the  Ohio 
Canal,  and  of  Mrs.  Charlotte  T.  Forsyth,  the 
mother  of  General  James  W.,  United  States 
Armj-,  Lieutenant  G.  Duncan,  and  Misses 
Marion  A.  and  Charlotte  S.  Fors3'th,  of  Toledo. 

ASSESSOR  OF  INTERNAL  REVENUE. 

For  about  11  years  from  the  establishment  of 
the  Internal  Revenue  system,  it  included  the 
office  of  Assessor,  to  whom  was  committed  the 
work  of  assessing  and  making  I'eturn  of  taxes 
due.  The  first  officer  of  that  sort  in  the  Toledo 
District  was  Ebcnezer  Graham,  in  1862.  Fol- 
lowing him  was  M.  W.  Hubbell.  lie  was  suc- 
ceeded by  George  E.  Welles,  who  continued 
tintil  the  office  Was  merged  in  that  of  the  Col- 
Ifeetor  of  Internal  Eevenue,  in  1873, 


DENNISON  STEELE  was  born  at  Williams- 
town,  Vermont,  August  18,  1815.  Ho  was  a 
son  of  Hiram  and  Abigail  (Kennan)  Steele, 
both  of  whom  were  of  English  parentage.  Hi.s 
father  was  a  Lawyer.  The  son's  boyhood  wa.s 
S])ent  at  Sackett's  Harbor,  where  he  received  as 
good  educational  advantages  as  the  locality 
turnished.  In  1838  he  accompanied  his  father 
and  family  to  Perrysburg,  Wood  County,  Ohio. 
Remaining  there  a  short  time,  they  removed  to 
Maumee,  then  the  most  hopeful  center  of  trade 
on  the  Maumee  River.  Dennison  was  not  long 
in  commanding  the  confidence  of  the  people. 
He  soon  became  Assistant  Auditor  of  Wood 
County,  and  ere  long  the  Postmaster  at  Mau- 
mee ;  where  he  afterwards  was  Deputy  Collector 
of  Customs.  He  was  engaged  in  the  lumber  trade 
lor  some  time,  beginning  in  1838.  From  1851 
to  1854,  he  was  Clerk  of  Lucas  County,  i-emov- 
ing  to  Toledo  when  that  City  became  the 
County-seat  in  1852,  where  he  continued  to 
reside  until  his  death.  In  1859  he  was  elected 
as  a  Representative  to  the  Ohio  Legislature 
from  the  Counties  of  Lucas  and  Fulton.  Asa 
member  of  that  body  at  the  outset  of  the  War 
of  the  Rebellion,  he  actively  co-operated  in  the 
provision  of  the  means  of  defense  which  from 
the  first  gave  Ohio  special  prominence  among 
the  loyal  States  of  the  Union.  He  was  also 
prominent  in  resisting  the  sale,  and  other  meas- 
ures for  improving  the  usefulness  of  the  Canals 
of  the  State,  his  s])ecial  influence  being  in  the 
Committee-room, rather  than  in  debate.  Taking 
special  interest  in  the  cause  of  education,  he 
served  for  several  years  as  a  member  of  the 
Toledo  Board  of  Education.  During  Lincoln's 
Administration  (in  1865)  he  was  appointed 
Postmaster  at  Toledo,  serving  until  removed 
b}'  President  Johnson  in  1866.  For  many 
3'ears  he  was  actively  interested  in  commerce, 
being  an  owner  of  Lake  Vessels  and  agent  for 
owners,  as  well  as  member  of  the  (frain  firm  of 
Goo.  Woodbury  i  Co.  Ho  was  a  man  of  conserva- 
tive habits  of  thought,  and  little  inclined  to 
hasty  action  in  any  matter.  With  clear  views 
on  questions  of  public  polic}',  he  was  frank  and 
decided  in  the  course  to  be  taken,  his  sympa- 
thies alwaj's  being  on  the  side  of  sound  morals 
and  the  maintenance  of  law  and  order.  Polit- 
ically, he  was  a  Democrat  until  the  Slavery 
agitation  assumed  the  shape  reached  in  1854-5, 
when  he  took  part  with  the  Republican  party, 
then  organized.  Throughout  the  Rebellion  ho 
was  active  in  the  support  of  the  most  vigor- 
ous measures  for  the  defense  of  the  Union, 
contributing  his  share  to  such  ])urpose,  and 
to  the  aid  of  the  families  of  Soldiers. 
Mr.  Steele's  death  occurred  under  specially 
painful  circumstances.  Returning  to  his  resi- 
dence from  a  Thanksgiving  fiimily  re-union  at 
the  house  of  a  son-in-law,  Mr.  James  Secor, 
November  29,  1871,  he  was  suddenly  stricken 
with  apoplexy,  and  after  lingering  a  short  time 
in  an  unconscious  state,  lifo   ecaeod  with  him. 


S14 


niSTOUY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


His  death  was  the  cause  of  general  expression 
of  regret  and  of  respect  for  his  memory.  For 
man)-  years  he  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
fraternity,  uniting  with  Toledo  Lodge  No.  144, 
in  1847,  and  was  at  one  time  Grand  Mastei'. 
He  received  the  degree  of  Red  Cross  June  10th, 
and  became  Ivniglit  Temphvr  and  Knight  of 
Masonrv,  June  17,  1853.  Mr.  Steele  was  mar- 
ried November  4,  18o8,  with  Miss  Heltie  R. 
Coles.  They  had  six  children — Julia  E.,  wife  of 
George  Woodbury;  Charlotte  A.,  wife  of  James 
Seeor;  Alice  J.  (decea.sed),  wife  of  Spencer  L. 
Fraser;  Cora  Frances,  wife  of  "\Vni.  A.  Brig- 
ham  ;  and  Demiison  and  De  Etta  W.  Steele. 

TOLEDO   FIRE   DEPARTMENT. 

The  first  step  taken  toward  the  organiza- 
tion of  a  Fire  Department  for  the  City  of  To- 
ledo, consisted  of  a  resolution  passed  by  the 
Citv  Council,  November  27,  1837,  whicli  pro- 
vided that  whenever  a  number  of  citizens,  not 
less  than  40,  should  associate  themselves  to- 
gether for  the  purpose  of  forming  a  Fire  Com- 
pany, the  Compaii}'  should  be  put  in  possession 
of  an  engine,  hose,  liose-wagon,  hooks  and 
ladders,  etc.  It  was  also  provided,  that  sucli 
Companies  should  be  known  Ly  numbers,  tlio 
tirsttobeNo.  1.  About  that  time,  two  Engines 
were  received,  from  a  Mr.  Piatt,  the  freight  on 
which  amounted  to  §8(5.93.  J)ecembcr  Gth 
Hoisington  &  Manning  were  paid  S78.00,  the 
cost  of  building  "Engine-house  No.  1,"  which 
was  located  on  Cherry  Street. 

The  first  ordinance  for  regulating  the  Toledo 
Fire  Department,  was  passed  December  11, 
1837.  Among  other  things,  it  provided  that 
every  owner  or  occupant  of  a  building  should 
keep  good  fire-buckets,  made  of  leather,  as  fol- 
lows: For  buildings  with  one  or  two  fire- 
places or  stoves,  one  bucket ;  and  for  buildings 
with  more  than  two  tire-places  or  stoves,  one 
bucket  for  every  two  such  ;  the  buckets  to  con- 
tain three  gallons  each.  The  first  Fire  War 
dens  of  the  City,  appointed  December  29,  1837, 
were  James  M.  VVIiitney,  Worden  N.  Richard, 
sou  and  Daniel  Segur. 

January  29,  1838,  the  Council  divided  the 
City  into  three  Wards.  That  arrangement 
continued  until  July  2,  1846,  when  four  Wards 
were  established  ;  thedividing  lines  of  the  same 
from  the  River  being  Locust,  Oak  and  Monroe 
Streets  — all  beini^  on  the  West  side  of  the 
River.  Joseph  B.  Gardner,  Secretary,  gives 
notice  of  a  meeting  of  the  members  of  "Davy 
Crockett  Fire  Engine  and  Hose  Company,  No. 
2,  of  the  City  of  Toledo,"  for  December  1^  1838. 
J.  W.  B.  Hyatt,  Second  Assistant  Foreman, 
gave  notice  in  Februarj',  1839,  for  a  monthly 
meeting  of  "  Davy  Crockett  Fire  Engine  and 
Hose  Company,"  at  the  Engine  House. 

The  total  expenditure  bj'  the  City  for  current 

expenses  of  the  Fire  Department  during  the 

year  1838,  amounted  to  845.05.     For  purchase 

of  engines,  $1,909.50  had  been  expended. 

November  30,  1840,  the  Council  elected  the 


following  officers  for  the  City  Fire  Department, 
to  wit:  Chief  Engineer.  Edward  Bissell;  First 
Assistant,  Richard  Mutt:  Second  Assistant, 
Walter  Titus;  Fire  Wardens— First  Ward, 
.lunius  Flagg;  Second  Ward,  Peter  H.  Shaw; 
Third  Ward,  Win.  lloskin.s. 

At  the  same  session,  the  Council  resolved 
that  there  should  be  "two  Hook  and  Ladder 
Companies  in  the  City,  and  the  Engineer  be 
authorized  to  procure  two  fire-hooks  and  two 
ladders  of  sufficient  length  and  strength  for  the 
pur])0se  for  which  they  were  intended." 

February  8,  1841,  the  Committee  on  Fire 
Department  were  instructed  to  ascertain 
"whether  any  Fii'e  Companies  did,  in  fact, 
exist"  at  that  time;  and  al.so  to  report  u])on 
the  expediency  of  disbanding  the  same. 
February  22d  "W.  N.  Richardson,  C.  W.  Hill 
and  C.  G.  Shaw  and  their  associates,  were 
authorized  to  organize  a  Company  to  be  known 
as  "  Fire  Engine  and  Hose  Company  No.  1," 
to  be  the  successor  of  Engine  Company  No.  1, 
disbanded.  Under  such  authority,  a  new  Fire 
Company  was  organized  February  24,  1841, 
with  the  following  members  and  officers: 

INIemhens— W.  N.  Rich;inlsiin,  C.  W.  Hill,  C.  G. 
Shaw,  Thos.  Southard,  S.  11.  Ilnnll'ni-d,  Clia.s,  IVmlci', 
V.  H.  Ketcham,  Samuel  Eddy,  .Juliii  Ream,  Elijah  S. 
Hanks,  Ijeverett  Bissell,  Geo.  11.  Rich,  Eiastus  Rovs, 
Buunel  P.  Peckhani,  .Uinius  Flajrtr,  Geo.  P.  (.  lai-k, 
Henry  Clark,  H.  G.  Cozzens,  W.  H.  Raymond,  A.  W. 
Fairbanks,  Edson  Allen,  S.  S.  Blanehard,  ]\lanly 
Bostwick,  Daniel  Se<jtur,  Walter  litus,  Jr.,  R.  N. 
Lawton,  C.  H.  Bentlev,  .loel  \V.  Crane,  (ieo.  Redilin^r, 
Aldrice  A.  Belknap,"  J.  N.  Mount,  W.  H.  Elder, 
Joseph  Jones  and  J.  J.  Fullerton. 

Otiieers— Foreman,  J.  J.  Fullerton;  First  Assist- 
ant, C  G.  Shaw;  Second  Assistant,  Leverett  Bi.ssell  ; 
Treasurer,Wm.  H.  Raymond;  Secretary,  Erastus  Roys. 

Of  these  the  following  named  are  yet  living  : 
W.  11.  Raymond,  Edsou  Allen,  anil  A.  W.Fair- 
banks. 

March  15,  1841,  the  Council  elected  the  fol- 
lowing officers  for  the  Fii-e  Department :  Chief 
Engineer,  Edward  Bissell  ;  First  Assistant, 
Richard  Mott ;  Second  Assistant,  Walter  Titus, 
Jr.  Fire  Wardens — First  Ward,  Junius  Flagi;; 
Second  Ward,  Peter  H.  Shaw;  Third  Ward, 
Lyman  Wheeler. 

In  March,  1842,  the  Toledo  Fire  Department 
comprised  the  following  officers:  Chief  En- 
gineer, David  Crane;  Assistants,  Mavor  Brig- 
ham  and  Walter  Titus,  Jr.  Fire  Wardens, 
Junius  Flagg,  Joseph  Jones  and  Joseph  M. 
Turner — Mr.  Brigham  now  the  only  survivor. 

May  3,  1842,  the  City  Council  took  important 
action  toward  the  provision  of  facilities  for  a 
Fire  De])artment,  in  the  jiassage  of  a  resolution, 
directing  the  Chief  of  the  Department  to  con- 
tract for  the  erection  of  "a  house  for  a  Hook 
and  Ladder  Company,"  and  "that  he  superin- 
tend its  erection  ;  that  he  be  paid  81.50  ]>erday 
for  such  service;  that  a  Hook  and  Ladder 
Company  be  organized  ;  and  that  said  house 
be  located  on  Summit  Street,  and  between 
Cherry    au4    Adams    Streets,"     The    building 


FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 


815 


was  constructed,  Mavoi*  Brigham  acting  as 
Supcriiiteudeiit  at  tlio  jirico  named. 

The  Council  Comniitteo  on  Firo  l)oi)ai-tnuMit, 
July  4,  1842,  reported  against  tlio  construction 
ot  I'cservoirs  for  the  use  of  the  l)cpai'tment. 

The  otMcers  of  the  J)e]iartniont  in  1S44  were 
as  follows:  Chief  Pjngiiieer,  Edwin  Avery; 
.Assistants,  B.  V.  Peclcliatn  and  JiobiTt  JoHVey ; 
Fire  Wardens — John  N.  ]\lount,  First  Ward  ; 
J.  K.  RoTid,  Second  Wai'd  ;  t'oleman  J.  Kcelei', 
Third  Ward. 

St'plenilicr  24,  1847,  the  City  Cduiicil  ])ro- 
vided  for  the  jiurchaso  of  the  Southeasterly' 
part  of  lot  101,  I'ort  Jiawi'cnce  Division,  lor 
i:iOO  ;  and  for  the  im]5rovcinei)t  of  the  .same  hy 
grading  and  the  erection  thereon  of  an  Engine 
House  to  cost  not  to  exceed  §2,5(10. 

March  20,  1848,  was  passed  an  ordinance  '•  to 
regulate  the  Fire  Department,"  which  pro- 
vided that  the  same  should  consist  of  "  a  Chief 
Engineer,  a  First  and  Second  As-^istant  Engi- 
neer, 8  Eire  Wardens,  and  such  F'ire  En- 
gine Men,  Hose  Men,  Hook  and  Ladder 
Men,  and  Bucket  Men,"  as  were  or  might  be 
from  time  to  time  ajipointed.  The  special 
duties  of  the  several  otlicers  of  the  De]iartment 
were  set  forth.  An  abstract  of  that  ordinance 
will  show  something  of  what  were  then  the 
methods  and  means  for  jjrotcction  against  tires 
in  the  Towns  of  the  West : 

The  Fire  Wardens  were  attached  to  and  enrolled 
in  Engine  Coui|ianies  (not  less  than  two  to  eaeh 
Company),  and  at  every  tire  act  with  his  Company, 
and  assist  in  preparinjr  stations  and  proeurini;  water 
for  Engines  and  Bucket  Companies.  They  were  to 
"prevent  the  hose  from  being  trodden  on  and  keep 
all  idle  and  suspecti'd  persons  from  the  vicinity  of 
the  tire."  They  were  also  to  'cause  the  bystanders  to 
form  ranks  for  the  eonveyance  of  water  if  re(pnsite," 
and  tlie  eitizeus  were  enjoined  to  comply  with  the 
orders  and  directions  of  the  Wardens.  These  ottieers 
were  to  ''  attend  monthly  meetings  for  exercise." 
The  Firemen  were  divided  into  Companies,  to  con- 
sist of  as  many  members  as  from  time  to  time  may 
be  directed  by  the  City  Council,  "to  attend  the 
respective  engines,  hose-carts,  hooks  and  ladders, 
axes,  saws  and  other  fire  apparatus  belonging  to  the 
City." 

The  entire  Department  was  under  the  direction  of 
the  Chief  Engineer  and  his  Assistants.  In  order 
that  the  ap[)aratus  be  kept  in  good  condition,  the 
Firemen  were  required,  on  the  first  of  each  month, 
to  meet  at  their  respective  rooms  and  on  such  days 
from  May  to  November,  inclusive,  to  "draw  out  their 
respective  ajiparatus,  in  order  to  cleanse  the  sauie 
and  exercise  tlie  men."  For  neglecting  to  attend 
such  meetings,  the  Firemen  were  liable  to  a  line  of 
50  cents ;  and  for  neglecting  to  attend  a  fire  or  re- 
fusing to  obey  orders  when  there,  to  pay  a  fine  of 
$:-!.00,  and  be  subject  to  expulsion.  For  permitting 
an  engine  or  other  ajjjiaratiis  to  be  used  fur  private 
purposes,  without  proper  permi.ssion,  the  person 
responsible  therefor  was  to  be  fined  $5.00  and  made 
liable  for  any  damage  to  the  property. 

Provision  was  made,  when  necessary  in  order  to 
stay  tlie  progress  of  a  fire,  for  blowing  up,  cutting 
down  or  removing  any  buildings,  erections  ami 
fences.  Hosemen  were  to  be  selected  from  the  Fire 
Companies  or  from  other  citizens  hy  the  Chief  Engi- 
neer, "  to  convey  the  yxtra  hose,  if  any,  to  every  lire, 


and  there  distribute  the  same,  as  might  be  required 
by  the  Faigineer."  Attires,  two  men  were  to  remain 
with  hose-cart,  the  other  lIo.semen  to  repair  to  the 
engines.  The  Iloseuien  were  to  organize  as  a  sepa- 
rate Company.  Uniforms  and  badges  of  ollice  were 
proviiled  for.  Firemen,  on  duty,  were  to  wear 
uniform  as  provitled  by  their  Couipanies,  respect- 
ively. 

The  Mayor  and  Aldermen,  acting  as  such  at  fires, 
to  bear  a  stall',  painted  white,  with  a  gilded  flame  at 
the  top;  the  Chief  J'',ngineer  a  leather  cap,  painted 
white,  with  gilded  combs,  and  having  a  fire-engine 
and  the  worils  "  ('hief  ICngineer  "  in  gilt  in  front,  and 
carrying  a  black  speaking-trumpet  with  the  same 
words  in  white  and  a  gold  rim  ;  the  Assistants  to  wear 
while  leather  caps,  with  black  combs  anci  gild(Ml 
front,  and  tlir  wiirds  "Engine  No. — "  (astheca.se 
might  be)  iji  black,  and  carry  black  S))eakiug-trum- 
pets,  with  their  ollicial  rank  on  their  caps;  Fire 
Wardens  to  wear  hats  with  black  rim  — the  crown  and 
front  w  bite,  with  "  Warden  "  in  black,  and  carry 
trumpets;  tV)remen  to  wear  black  leather  caps,  with 
white  fronts  and  the  word  "Foreman"  and  No. 
of  Company  in  black;  Foremen  of  tlook  and  Ladder 
Companies  to  have  a  hook  and  ladder  in  black  on 
their  caps. 

A  )]remium  of  §10.00  was  provided  for  the  Engine 
Company  which  should  first  arrive  at  a  fire  with  its 
a|i|iaratus  ready  for  use,  and  $5.00  to  the  Company 
aniviug  within  10  nnnutes  thereafter.  Hook 
and  l^ad<ler  Companies  arriving  at  a  fire  in  proper 
time  and  condition  were  paid  premiums  of  $,S.00and 
$4.00.  Penalties  were  jirovideil  for  interference  of 
any  .sort  with  the  operations  of  the  Firemen  ;  and  for 
injury  to  the  fire  apparatus.  Authority  was  given 
for  requiring  the  aiil  of  any  citizen  or  inhabitant  in 
drawing  any  engine  or  other  ajiparatns  to  a  flre,  and 
a  fine  of  $5.00  affixed  in  case  of  refusal  by  such  party 
to  obey. 

All  persons  present  at  fires  were  made  subject  to 
the  orders  of  tlie  Mayor  ami  Aldermen,  Fire  AVar- 
dens,  and  other  officers,  ami  made  liable  to  arrest 
and  a  fine  of  ifo.OO  for  refusal  to  obey  such  orders. 

'the  several  C'ompauies  were  to  meet  in  joint 
convention  in  Jiarch,  annually,  and  nominate  a 
Chief  Engineer  and  Assistants,  to  he  submitted  to 
the  City  Council  for  action. 

The  Sextons  of  the  several  Churches  furnished 
with  bells,  immediately  upon  an  alarm  of  fire, 
should  diligently  ring  such  bells  for  the  space  of  20 
minutes,  uuder  penalty  of  a  fine  of  f2.00  for  neglect. 

June  14,  1851,  the  City  Council  provided  that 
foremen  of  Engine  Companies  Nos.  1  and  2, 
and  Hook  and  Ladder  Company  No.  1,  should 
each  procure  a  key  to  the  Episcopal  Church 
and  keep  the  same  in  the  rooms  of  said  Com- 
panies respectively.  It  was  also  provide'!,  that 
in  case  of  alarm  of  fire,  the  member  of  cither 
of  said  Companies  who  should  first  arrive  at 
the  room  ot  his  Company,  shoidd  forthwith 
proceed  to  ring  the  bell  of  said  Church  and 
continue  to  do  so  "  until  relioveii  b^-  the  Se.xton 
of  the  Church  or  until  the  bell  of  the  Catholic 
Church  should  be  rung."  It  was  further  pro- 
vided, that  the  Company  whose  member 
should  tii'st  ring  said  bell,  should  be  entitled  to 
a  premium  of  82.00,  to  bo  given  to  the  member 
concerned,  ujion  tho  vote  of  the  Comjianj-. 
Anj- member  of  a  Cotnpany  arriving  before  the 
ringing  of  tho  Episcopal  bell,  who  should  fail 
to  ring  tho  same,  was  made  liable  to  a  fine  of 
Su.OO,  "  to  be  recovered  by  an  action  bcforo  tho 


810 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Recorder  in  the  usual  man  nor,"  wliile  liis  Com- 
pany sliould  forfeit  all  title  to  a  premium  for 
service  at  such  fire.  In  case  the  Sexton  of  the 
Catholic  Church  should  fail  to  ring  the  bell  of 
that  Church  within  five  minutes  of  the  ring- 
ing of  the  Episcopal  bell,  he  was  to  forfeit  the 
amount  payable  to  him  for  ringing  the  Catholic 
bell  during  the  current  month,  which  amount 
Avas  made  payable  to  the  Company  whose 
member  should  ring  the  Episcopal  bell  at  the 
time  of  such  neglect  by  the  Sexton  of  the 
Catholic  Church.  It  was  further  ]irovided,  that 
the  premium  offered  for  the  earliest  ringing  of 
the  Episcojial  bell  should  not  be  paid,  in  case  the 
Fireman  ri]igiiig  the  same  should  fail  promptly 
to  lock  the  door  of  the  Churi-h  and  return  the 
key  to  its  projier  place. 

Upon  the  resignation  of  E.  H.  Bell  as  Fore- 
man of  Neptune  Fire  Company,  in  March, 
1852,  the  thanks  of  his  associates  were  voted 
for  "the  uniformly  able  and  efficient  manner" 
in  which  be  had  discharged  the  duties  of  the 
office;  and  also  resolved  to  "take  into  con- 
sideration the  sound  and  kindly  advice  "  given 
them  by  the  retiring  officer.  P.  F.  Berdan  was 
Mr.  Bell's  successor.  John  F.  Schucrman  was 
then  the  Secretary  of  the  Company. 

October  27,  1853,  the  City  Council  aiithorized 
the  purcha.se  of  an  Engine  for  (iei'mania  Fire 
Company,  No.  4,  and  also  for  purchasing  SI, 000 
worth  of  hose  for  the  Department,  "provided 
no  commission  should  be  charged  or  received 
by  the  Chief  Engineer  for  purchase  of  the 
same." 

For  many  years,  the  chief  officers  of  the  To- 
ledo Fire  Department  were  appointed  by  the 
City  Council,  on  nomination  by  the  members 
of  the  several  Companies,  who  annually  assem- 
bled for  such  purpose.  March  12,  1855,  such 
meeting  was  held,  when  J.  R.  Bond  was  Chair- 
man, and  Thomas  C.  Mayhew  Secretary,  Jacob 
Ivandman  and  K.  S.  Dygert  acting  as  Tellers. 
For  Chief  Engineer,  E.  B.  Brown  was  chosen 
by  a  vote  of  95,  to  59  for  J.  R.  Bond.  Mr.  Brown 
declining  the  office,  J.  R.  Bond  was  chosen  on 
the  fourth  ballot,  receiving  90  votes,  to  78  for 
Wm.  Ivraus  and  8  lor  W.  H.  Ketcham.  For 
First  Assistant,  Andrew  Shurtz  was  chosen,  his 
vote  being  92,  to  67  for  Wm.  Ivraus.  Wm.  S. 
Sizer  was  chosen  Second  Assistant,  bj'  82  votes 
to  13  scattering. 

March  9,  1857,  the  following  officers  of  the 
Toledo  Fire  Department  were  elected  :  Chief 
Engineer,  Wm.  Kraiis  ;  First  Assistant,  I.  N. 
Hathaway;  Second  Assistant,  C.  D.  Woodruff. 

The  Fire  Department  in  1858  was  constituted 
as  follows : 

Chief  Engineer,  Wm.  H.  Ketcham  ;  ].st  Assistant, 
Cbauncey  I).  Woodruff;  2d  Assistant,  Guido  Mar.K. 

Hook  and  Ladder  Company,  No.  1 — Foreman, 
Lewis  C.  Hunt.     Membership,  60. 

Fire  Engine  and  Hose  Company,No.  1— Foreman, 
Elias  Avery.     Memberstiip,  70. 

Fire  Engine  and  Hose  Company,  No.  3  — Fereman, 
Christian  Woebler.    Membership",  70i 


Fire  Engine  and  Hose  Company,  No.  4— Foreman, 
F.  Sclioenig.     Mendiersliip,  70. 

Fire  Engine  and  Hose  Company,  No.  5 — ForcuKiu, 
Thomas  O'Noil. 

Fire  Engine  and  Hose  Company,  No.  (i — Forenjun, 
James  S.  Fifield.     Membership,  7(1. 

Fire  Guards,  No.  1 — Foreman.  Emil  Marx.  Mem- 
bership, 30. 

The  annual  report  of  Isaac  N.  Hathaway, 
Chief  Engineer,  made  in  May,  1861,  stated  that 
the  Department  was  then  constituted  and 
cquip^ied  as  follows: 

In  actual  service,  six  Engine  and  Hose  Coni|)anies, 
one  Hook  and  Ladder  Company,  and  one  Company 
designated  as  Fire  Guards. 

Engine  No.  1 — Foreman,  J.  L.  Stratton  ;  1st  .\.«sist- 
ant.  Jesse  Hurllnit;  2d  Assistant,  Ernest  Duden ; 
Secretary,  M.  B.  Bell;  Treasurer,  Charles  W.  Hall. 

Hook  and  Ladder  Company — Foreman,  Minot  I. 
Wilcox  ;  1st  Assistant,  James  A.  Boyd  ;  2d  .Assistant, 
Charles  Scott;  Secretary,  E.  D.  Peck;  Treasurer, 
Wilham  B.  Messinger;  Steward,  N.  (iilsdorf. 

Engine  No.  2 — Foreman,  John  Gildea  ;  1st  Assist- 
ant, John  liradley  ;  2d  Assistant,  John  Martin  ;  Sec- 
retaiy,  Frank  Bohannon  ;  Treasurer,  Declan  Allen. 

Engine  No.  li — Foreman,  George  Platfoot ;  1st  As- 
sistant, John  Fork  ;  2d  As.sistant,  Patrick  Mitchell; 
Secretary,  Edward  McCarty  ;  Treasurer  JohnKohne. 

Hose  No.  li — Foreman,  John  Pfanner  ;  1st  Assist- 
ant. Edward  INIcMahon  ;  Secretary,  J.  D.  O'Brien  ; 
Treasurer,  John  Kale. 

Teutonia  Fire  Guanl,  No.  1 — Foreman.  JdIiu 
Oberle ;  1st  Assistant,  Frank  Diete  ;  2d  A.ssistaut, 
Nicholas  Mayer ;  Secretary,  Conrad  Tanner;  Treas- 
urer, John  Enderlin. 

Hose  Company  No.  1  — Foreman,  Jolin  \V(prts  ;  As- 
sistant, Ed.  Border;  Secretary,  John  H.  Wood; 
Treasurer,  Charles  A.  Chase. 

The  annual  report  of  Chief  Engineer  Cum- 
mings,  presented  to  the  City  Council  March 
17,  1863,  shows  the  condition  of  the  Depart- 
ment at  that  time  : 

Gentlemen: — The  time  has  arrived  when  it  be- 
comes my  duty  to  make  report  of  the  i'ire  Depart- 
ment for  the  past  year.  There  have  been  during  the 
year  22  fires,  involving  a  loss  of  $285,000,  which  was 
covered  by  insurance  to  the  amount  of  $131,000, 
making  a  total  loss,  over  insurance,  of  §1.54,000.  Of 
this  loss  $225,000  occurred  at  the  burning  of  the 
Michigan  Southern  Elevators.  The  above  returns  of 
loss  are  as  accurate  as  could  be  obtained. 

There  are  now-  connected  w-ith  the  Fire  Depart- 
ment, two  Steam  Engines,  three  Hand  Engines,  and 
one  Hook  and  Ladder  Company,  with  their  Hose 
Carriages  and  Carts — all  in  good  order  with  the  ex- 
ception of  Hose  Carts,  which  are  now  being  made. 

At  the  close  of  my  term  of  office,  I  wish  again  to 
mention  the  importance  of  having  Cisterns  built  at 
various  points  through  the  City  for  fire  purposes.  It 
is  also  important  to  have  a  Coal  Cart  to  run  to  fires, 
to  carry  coal  to  the  two  Steamers.  The  City  should 
own  the  Cart,  and  make  arrangements  with  a  dray- 
man to  haul  it  to  fires. 

Herewith  is  a  statement  of  the  receipts  from  vari- 
ous sources  and  expenditures  for  the  Department 
during  the  year.  Kobert  Cu.MiMinos,  Engineer. 

The  following  officers  of  the  Toledo  Fire 
Department  were  chosen  by  the  City  Council 
in  April,  1865  :  Chief  Engineer,  Luther  Whit- 
ney ;  Ist  Assistautj  Patrick  Hi  Galloway  j  ^d 
Assistant)  Wmi  GJlcutii 


li 


|i 


FIRE  Di:PART}fEXT. 


Si; 


The  several  Fire  Companies  of  the  City  and 
locations  of  same,  in  May,  ISTti,  were  as 
follows : 

No.  1 — roi-ncr  of  Lajji-ange  Street  and  Swan  Lane. 

No.  2 — Corner  CUierry  Street  and  Ea^le  Lane. 

No.  o — Water  Street,  between  Adams  and  Madi- 
son Streets. 

No.  4— St.  Clair  Street,  between  Perry  and  Wa.sh- 
ington. 

No.  5 — Corner  of  Broadway  and  Logan  Streets. 

No.  6 — (To  be  located  in  Kast  Toledo.) 

No.  7— Corner  of  Franklin  Avenue  and  Baneroft 
Street. 

No.  S — Corner  of  Indiana  Avenue  and  Division 
Street. 

Tlic  report  of  the  Fire  Department  for  1886, 
contained  the  following  table,  showing  the  ag- 
gregate loss  by  fire  in  Toledo  for  eaeb  year 
during  the  six  years  ending  December  31,1886  : 


VE4R. 

Losses. 

$118.E30  Oil 
8^.3,15(1  5S 
160,778  l.S 
48(;.30l  90 
f.7,873  3.1 
13S,S99  37 

Insurance. 

Jns.  Paid. 

Loss  over 
Ins.  Paid. 

18«1   .... 
1882.... 
188S,... 
1884... . 
ISN.'i.... 
188(1 

$'01,M9  00 
1,390,|-J5  Oil 

447,870  00 
1,(197,743  on 
1,014,417  00 

397,7B6  (10 

$81  ,.580  37 
78.5,at)0  78 

8ti,9S4  :M 
42(i,l(H  80 

47.44S  OO 
129.477  03 

$37,549  (i3 
97,889  80 
H3.793  79 
60,195  10 
•20,419  .35 
6.422  34 

Total.. 

Jl,842,833  33 

$5,449,671  00 

81, .556,854  32 

8285,970  01 

The  services  of  officers  and  men  of  the  De- 
])artinent  were  voluntary  and  gratuitous  until 
1867,  when,  with  the  exception  of  one  Engine 
in  the  Fiftli  and  one  in  the  Sixth  Ward,  such 
were  paid  for,  as  all  have  been  since  1868. 

In  1887  the  organization  of  the  Fire  Depart- 
ment was  as  follows  : 

FULLY    MANNED. 

Three  Steam  Fire  Faigines. 
One  Hook  and  Ladder  Truck. 
Seven  Hose  Carts. 
Twenty-four  Horses. 


IN   KESERVE. 

One  Hook  and  Ladder  Truck. 
One  Steam  Fire  Engine. 
Two  Horses. 

OFl'ICEliS   A.M)    MKN. 

At  ))resent  the  Department  numbers  64  Offi- 
cers and  Men,  as  follow.s: 

One  Chief. 

One  Assistant  (,'hief. 

One  Batteryinan. 

One  Superintendent  of  Telegraph. 

Faght  Captains. 

Twenty-one  Pipemen. 

Fourteen  Drivers. 

Four  Engineers. 

Four  Assistant  Engineers. 

Five  Tiller  and  Ladder  Men. 

Four  Chemical  Pipemen. 

The  tirst  "fire  limits"  established  within 
Toledo  consisted  of  the  square  bounded  by 
Summit,  Jefferson,  St.  Clair  and  ]\Ionroe  Streets, 
and  were  fixed  by  ordinance  passed  October  21, 
1853,  which  jirohibited  the  erection  of  any 
building  or  addition  to  any  building  more  than 
10  feet  high  and  more  than  10  feet  square, 
within  less  than  10  feet  of  anj'  other  building, 
unless  the  outer  wall  of  the  same  be  of  brick, 
stone  or  iron. 

The  members  of  Fire  Company  No.  4,  Toledo, 
composed  mainly  of  Germans,  in  Januar}', 
185;*,  organized  a  Firemen's  Benevolent  So- 
ciety, for  their  own  benefit.  Each  member 
paiti  50  cents  admission  fee  and  25  cents 
monthly  dues,  and  received  $3  per  week  while 
disabled  by  sickness.  Its  officers  were :  Presi- 
dent, Simon  Kohn ;  Vice  President,  G.  W. 
Temme;  Secretary,  Emil  Putter;  Treasurer, 
Heniy  Spielbusch  ;  Committee  of  Control — 
Joseph  E.  Marx,  John  Toolman  ;  Trustees — 
Guido  Marx,  John  Gerkens,  Ernst  Buster. 


CHAPTER   If. 


HOTELS. 


FIRST  in  the  provision  of  means  for  settle- 
ment and  development  of  a  new  locality 
or  section,  comes  that  for  the  enterlainnient  of 
strangers  or  travelei-s.  In  the  nature  of  things, 
this  must  precede  everything  else,  since  without 
such  provision  there  could  bo  nothing  like  a 
welcome  for  the  newcomers  so  indispensable  to 
settlement  and  local  )irogress.  The  venture  at 
the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek  was  not  an  excep- 
tion to  this  rule.  Jt  is  safe  to  say,  that  at  no 
time  after  the  premature  start  of  Port  Law- 
rence, in  1817,  were  travelers  without  accom- 
modations at  that  point.  For  such  purpose, 
the  "Old  Oliver  Warehouse,"  erected  in  1817, 
(sec  page  46U),  afforded  (acilities  wiiich  seem 
to  have  met  every  real  demand.  For  nearly 
15  years  after  the  niglit  of  the  "  house-wai'm- 
ing,"  which  signalized  its  completion,  that 
liuilding  constituted  the  chief  ]ilace  of  entcr- 
tninment  wiliiin  the  present  limits  of  Toledo. 
Ivs)]ccially  wasthisthecase  in  the  matterof  soci;il 
gatherings,  for  whicli  the  capacious  second 
story  of  the  building  furnished  sucli  admirable 
accommodations  for  dancing.  Tiie  first  occu- 
pant of  that  building  who  extended  such  ac- 
commodations, of  which  we  have  detinile 
information,  was  Capt.  J.  T.  Baldwin,  who  with 
his  fiimil}^  moved  into  it  in  1823.  About  that 
time,  intei'course  and  travel  through  this 
section  became  moio  frequent,  demanding 
coi'responding  accommodations,  antl  without 
holding  himself  out  as  a  hotel-keeper,  ('apt, 
Baldwin,  with  the  excellent  assistance  of  his 
wife,  made  comfortable  such  as  stopped  with 
him. 

An  important  advance  in  Port  Lawrence 
hostelry,  was  made  liy  John  Baldwin  (son  of 
John  T.),  about  1828,  when  in  charge  of  the 
same  quarters,  he  addcil  the  first  sign  of  any 
sort  in  that  locality,  which  i-ead :  "Tavern. 
By  John  Baldwin."  After  conducting  the 
house  for  a  year  or  two,  and  finding  business 
le.ss  than  he  expected,  Mr.  Baldwin  turned  his 
attention  wholly  to  other  business,  he  mean- 
time, in  connection  with  his  brother  Marquis, 
liaving  ope-ned  a  small  store. 

With  the  revival  of  the  Port  Lawrence  en- 
ter|5rise  and  the  cotemporarj'  starting  of  Vis- 
tula, the  matter  of  hotel  accommodations  came 
to  be  of  prime  importance.  Information  ii\ 
that  connection  does  not  entirely  agree  ;  but 
diligent  enquiry  in  the  most  approved  quarters 
seems  to  establish  the  record  as  given  below. 

The  first  regular  Hotel  within  the  present 
limits  of  Toledo,  was    the    Eaglo    Tavern.     It 


was  located  oti  the  South  side  of  Summit  and 
near  Elm  Street;  was  opened  about  1S34,  with 
Ira  Smith  as  landloi-d,  and  was  burned  not 
long  thereafter.  In  lSI!7this  house  was  kept 
by  J.  11.  Booth.  Another  house  with  the  same 
name,  was  soon  opened  a  few  rods  to  the  West. 
In  LSHIj  Mr.  Smith  built  the  large  three  story 
brick  Hotel  at  Vienna,  Michigan,  which  was 
until  recently  the  most  costly  buililing  in 
that  village.  For  many  years  and  until  the 
opening  of  the  Railroad,  it  was  used  as  a  Hotel, 
being  the  pi'incipal  stage  house  between  Toledo 
and  Monroe. 

The  second  Hotel  was  the  Mansion  House, 
North  side  Summit  and  a  little  East  of  Locust. 
It  was  opened  in  18^5,  by  J.  Baron  Davis, 
lainilord.  This  house  was  largely  public  head- 
([uarters  during  the  "Toledo  War,"  being  the 
place  of  the  stabbing  of  the  Monroe  Constable 
(see  i)age  ^OO).  In  ls::)7  this  house  was  kept 
by  Clark.  It  was  a  small  frame  buihiing.  In 
1830,  this  house  was  kept  by  E.  B.  Dodd.  A 
portion  of  the  building  (now  the  property  of 
Dr.  J.  Clark)  is  occupied  as  a  tenement  house, 
at  (old  number)  7(>  Locust  Street. 

Third  in  the  list  stands  the  National  Hotel, 
opened  about  183(i,  by  J.  Blin  &  Co.  It  was 
located  on  the  North  side  of  Summit  Street 
(old  No.  77).  In  1845  it  was  taken  by 
Lyman  T.  Thayer,  nho  kept  it  lor  three  years. 

The  most  im])ortant  advance  to  that  time 
made  in  that  direction  was  the  opening  of  the 
American  Hotel  (Northwest  corner  of  Summit 
and  Elm  Streets),  in  183li,  by  James  Browne, 
M- ho  soon  was  succeeded  b}' Daniel  Segur.  Dr. 
H.  tiraham  kept  it  for  a  time.  In  f851  L  T. 
Thayer  became  the  landlord,  and  occupied  it 
until  1853,  when  he  leased  it  to  Mahlon  King- 
man, but  resumed  charge  in  1857,  and  con- 
tinued until  the  destruction  of  the  building  by 
fire  in  January,  18G1. 

The  Toledo  House  (Northeast  corner  of 
Summit  ami  Perry  Streets)  was  opened  about 
lS3ti.  J.  Blin  &  Co.  were  ju-oprietors  in  1837. 
In  1842,  in  preparation  for  the  opening  of  the 
Wal)ash  and  Erie  Canal,  the  house  was  enlarged 
by  the  adilition  of  another  story,  and  ])rovided 
with  great  wooden  columns  in  front,  giving  an 
awkward  a])pearanee,  and  was  named  the 
"Indiana  House."  Eor  many  years  it  was 
kept  by  Robert  N.  Lawton,  who  previously  had 
kept  the  American.  His  widow,  Mrs.  Susan 
A.  Lawton,  who  greatlj-  aided  him  in  his  hotel- 
keeping,  continued  to  reside  in  Toledo  and  kept 
a  boarding-house  for  vei'y  many  years.     The 


i 


[818] 


HOTELS. 


SI!) 


openinn;  of  the  Wabash  Canal  in  1843  and  of 
Iho  Miami  two  years  later,  gave  the  house 
special  advantage.  It  constitutes  a  prominent 
feature  in  the  view  of  Tolodt)  in  184G,  as  given 
elsewhere.  In  1848  tiie  house  was  ke])t  by 
Salter  Cleveland,  who  died  at  Toledo  in  1887. 
In  1847  L.  T.  Thayer  fitted  up  a  building 
(Northeast  corner  St.  Clair  and  .ietVerson 
Streets),  which  he  o])encd  as  Thayer's  Ex- 
change, and  which  at  once  took  jironiinent 
]iositi(>n  among  the  Hotels  of  the  f'ity.  After 
Mr.  Thayer  withdrew  and  took  cliarge  of  the 
American,  this  )ilace  took  the  name  of  Collins 
House,  which  it  retained  until  burned  about 
1800. 

About  1847  tlic  Ohio  House  was  o|iened 
at  320  Summit  Street  (old  number),  by  David 
.lohiison.  In  1852  it  was  kept  by  II.  D.  &  W. 
Kingsbury,  the  house  then  taking  the  name  of 
the  ]iroprietors.  Sub.scquently  the  senior  ]iart- 
ner  assumed  sole  nianagenient,  and  continued 
as  such  for  many  vears. 

In  bSno,  the  tirst  Hotel  South  of  Swan  Creek 
was  opened.  It  bore  the  name  of  Broadway 
Hotel,  and  was  then  ke])t  by  A.  F.  Hull. 

The  opening  of  the  Toledo,  Norwalk  and 
Cleveland  (now  Lake  Shore)  Ifailroad  in  Jan- 
uary, 185;!,  and  the  transfer  of  its  dejiot  from 
WaUn-  Street  to  the  Middle  Ground,  in  1855, 
were  followed  by  the  establishment  of  the 
Island  House,  at  the  latter  j)lace.  Its  primary 
object  was  the  provision  of  depot  and  hotel 
accommodations  for  passengers.  It  was  ])laced 
in  charge  otEoswell  P.  Ainger,  formei-l}'  of  the 
AuLiier  House,  Cleveland,  who  continued  in 
charge  until  his  death  in  December,  18U4.  Ho 
was  succeeded  by  H.  B.  Sherman,  Teriy 
Brothers,  and  James  Gerrans— the  latter  V)eiug 
in  management  when  the  hou.se  was  closed  on 
the  change  of  the  dejjot  in  1887. 

The  construction  of  the  Oliver  House,  which 
was  commejiced  in  1853,  was  tlie  most  imjior- 
tant  advance  in  hotel  accommodations  that  had 
then  been  made.  The  location  was  fixed  by 
two  considerations — its  proximity  to  the  TJail- 
road  Depot  on  the  Middle  Ground,  then  con- 
templated, and  the  benefits  the  house  was  ex- 
pected to  confer  n]")on  adjoining  pro])erly.  It 
is  located  on  Broadway  and  on  Charles  and 
Ottawa  Streets,  presenting  UiO  feet  on  15road- 
way  and  Charles,  and  140  on  Ottawa.  It  is  of 
lour  stories  ;  has  170  rooms.  It  was  projected 
liy  Siajor  Wm.  Oliver,  whose  name  it  took,  Init 
who  died  befoi'e  it  was  built.  Its  construction 
was  commenced  by  James  ('.  Hall  (son  in-law 
of  Maj.  Oliver),  and  Wni.  I!.  Morris,  the  latter 
liaving  died  before  its  completion,  which  loolc 
place  in  June,  1859.  On  the  15tli  of  that  month 
a  meetiTig  of  citizens  was  held  at  the  jiarlors  of 
the  House  for  the  purpose  of  making  arrange- 
ments for  an  entertainment  commemorative  of 
the  opening  of  the  establishment,  when  J.  M. 
Ashley  was  called  to  the  chair,  and  G.  P.  Esto 
appointed    Secretary.     Couimittces   were    ap- 


pointed for  carrying   out  the  purpose  of  the 
uieeting. 

The  time  a]ipointed  for  the  opening  of  tho 
entertainment  was  June  2IMh,  when  a  very 
large  and  fashionable  assemblage  convened, 
and  the  afl'air  ))assed  off  with  special  success. 
The  evening  was  spi'ut  chiefly  in  dancing  and 
social  conversation,  a  supper  being  served  at 
the  )n-o])er  hour.  The  lessee  of  the  house  was 
DeWitt  C.  Baker,  with  Geo.  Colburn  as  his 
assistant.  It  was  kejjt  for  sevei'al  years  by 
Col.  John  McKenster,  who  was  succee<led  by 
dilferent  landlords.  The  House  is  yet  (1888) 
in  o|icration,  having  always  maintained  a  good 
name  at  hdine  and  abroad. 

In  18011,  the  demand  tor  more  adequate  hulel 
accommodations  in  the  City,  had  become  so 
])ressing  as  to  command  attention  from  many 
leading  citizens.  xTo  meet  such  call,  ste])s  were 
thcTi  taken  toward  tho  erection  of  a  suitable 
building.  This  action  was  stimulated  at  that 
time  by  the  death  of  Jaini's  C.  Hall,  who  had 
jireviousl}'  purchased  the  Northeast  corner  of 
St.  C'lair  and  Jetlerson  Streets  (foi'inerly  occu- 
jiied  by  the  Exchange,  and  subse(|iienlly  and 
now  by  the  Hall  Block),  and  commenced  exca- 
vation for  a  large  Hotel.  Ste))s  were  taken  look- 
ing to  the  carrying  out  of  such  pur]iose  through 
a  stock  Company.  Accordingly,  in  .lanuary, 
1870,  the  Toledo  il(jtel  Com])any  wasorganize<l, 
bv  the  choice  of  Directors  as  follows:  H.  S. 
Walbridge,  S.  M.  Youn^,  C.  II.  Coy,  R.  II.  Bell, 
W.  W.  Griffith,  T.  H.  tloag,  F.  J.  King.  The 
officers  chosen  were-  President,  F.  J.  King; 
Secretary,  J.  M.  Gloyd  ;  Treasurer,  C.  H.  Coy. 
Ste])s  were  at  once  taken  foi"  the  erection  of  the 
]n'o|iosed  building,  for  which  ])ur]toso  the  North- 
west corner  of  St.  Clair  ami -Maclison  Streets 
was  jiurcliased,  being  180x120  feet.  The  work 
was  conijileted  in  1S72,  tho  structure  receiving 
the  mime  of  '•  Boody  House,"  in  honor  of 
Azariah  Boody,  and  in  special  recognition  of 
the  important  benefits  received  by  ToUmId  fi-om 
the  construction  of  the  Toledo  and  Wabash 
Bailroad,  .so  largely  due  to  Mr.  Boody'ssagacity 
and  enterprise.  The  building  covers  the  entire 
lot,  and  is  five  stories  high.  Tho  two  Street 
fronts  are  of  stone,  the  style  of  architecture 
throughout  being  tasteful  and  imposing.  The 
main  hall  or  .saloon  is  27x170  feet;  the  billiard 
I'ciom  40x08;  the  rotunda  on  the  second  fioor, 
40x5(1;  the  ladii's'  parlor  (second  llooi-),  20x15; 
the  dining-room,  40x!lS,  ami  18  feet  high  ;  and 
tiie  numlier  of  guest-rooms,  133,  besides  large 
parlors  and  suites  for  fiimilies.  The  building 
was  leased  to  Grotf  &  Shears,  Mr.  Shadiach 
(Jroft"  succeedinsj  to  the  business  in  1873,  from 
which  time  until  1887  he  was  lessee  and  land- 
loi-d,in  which  capacity  he  established  and  main- 
tained for  the  House  a  position  among  the  first 
hotels  of  the  West.  The  present  lessees  are 
Welch  ct  Hardy.  The  grounds  and  buildiniis 
cost  8303,000.  While  this  investment  of  capital 
in  its  direct  returns  has  not  been  very  rcniuner- 


Sl'O 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ative  fo  the  stockholders,  the  benefits  derived 
from  it,  in  the  provision  of  a  first-class  hotel, 
with  ain]ile  accommodations,  have  been  highly 
imiiortant  to  the  City.  The  present  officers  of 
the  Hotel  Company  are:  James  G.  Hardy, 
President;  F.  J.  King,  Vice  President;  Isaac  E. 
Haviland,  Secretary;  J.  S.  Kountz,  Treasurer. 

In  1876,  Frank  J.  Scott  erected  at  the  South- 
east corner  of  Madison  and  Ontario,  a  large 
and  elegant  building,  chiefly  for  the  accommo- 
dation of  families,  which  took  the  name  of 
Hotel  Madison.  It  is  of  the  Queen  Anne  style, 
with  tive  stories  and  a  basement.  It  has  ac- 
commodations for  about  40  families,  and  its 
appointments  are  first  class  throughout.  The 
tost  of  the  property  was  §72,000.  It  was 
opened  in  1877,  and  is  now  (1888)  conducted 
by  Mr.  Scott. 

TheHotel  Hamilton,  corner  Madison  and  Su- 
perior Streets,  was  designed,  fitted,  furnished 
and  opened  by  H.  A.  Biossat,  in  July,  1887,  who 
formerly  conducted  the  Hotel  Madison.  In 
November,  1887,  Mr.  D.  D.  Grant  was  admitted 
as  a  partner.  In  April,  1888,  an  addition  was 
made  to  the  Hotel,  making  it  a  liouse  of  sixty 
rooms. 

The  flr.-it  Hotel  in  East  Toledo  (Sixth  Ward) 
was  the  Eogers  (afterwards  the  Temjierance) 
House,  built  by  Ambrose  H.  Kogers,  in  1851. 
The  building  is  yet  standing  on  Front  Street, 
near  Oak.  Mv.  Eogers  conducted  the  business 
until  his  death  by  cholera  in  1854,  when  it  was 
taken  by  his  widow,  Mrs.  Hannah  Eogers,  who 
continued  it  to  very  general  acceptance  of  the 
public,  for  the  period  of  32  years,  and  until 
1886,  when  it  was  closed.  Mrs.  Eogers  still 
resides  in  East  Toledo.  She  came  to  the 
Maumee  Valley  60  years  ago  (1828),  and  after 
living  four  years  at  Perrysburg,  came  to  what 
is  now  within  Toledo  in'l832,  where  she  has 
since   remained.     Two   daughters   (Delia   and 


Mai 


■V 


live  with  her.     She  is  now  72  years 


of  age,  and  in  the  enjoyment  of  excellent  health. 

The  second  Hotel  in  what  is  now  the  Sixth 
"Ward,  was  built  in  1861,  by  Stillman  and  D.  A. 
Brown,  and  was  at  first  known  as  "Bull's 
Head,"  and  afterwards,  as  now,  as  "Brown's 
Hotel."  It  was  located  near  to  the  Stock - 
Yards  of  the  Lake  Shore  Eailway,  and  being 
the  only  house  of  the  kind  in  that  section,  it 
did  a  large  business.  It  was  ke])t  for  two 
years  b}-  the  owners,  when  Harvey  Brown 
succeeded  as  landlord,  he  being  followed  by 
different  managers,  Alonzo  G.  Marshall  being 
now  in  charge. 

Following  is  a  list  of  Hotels  in  operation  in 
Toledo  in  1887  : 

Boody  House,  corner  St.  Clair  and  Madison. 

Brown's  Hotel,  Fassett,  corner  Lake  iSliore  and 
Michigan  Southern  Railway,  East  Toledo. 

Burnett  House,  corner  Summit  and  Perry. 

Covert  House,  Northwest  corner  Adams  and 
BUperior. 

Elm  House,  447  Summit. 

Buipire  House,  343  Suiumiti 


Hanner  House,  corner  Washington  and  M;irket 
Space. 

Hotel  Hamilton,  75 — 77  Madison,  corner  Superior. 

Hotel  Madison,  Northeast  corner  Madison  and 
Ontario. 

Hotel  Ontario,  Ontario,  between  Madison  anil 
Adams. 

Hotel  Union,  Southwest  corner  St.  Clair  and 
Monroe. 

Jefferson,  The,  Northeast  corner  Jefferson  and  St. 
Chur. 

.lunction  House,  corner  Wayne  and  Gibbons. 

Merchants  Hotel,  103  and  1()5  St.  Clair. 

Milburn  House,  Southwest  corner  Monroe  ami 
Min)urn  .-\ venue. 

Munch's  Hotel,  corner  Front  and  Biidge,  East 
Toledo. 

Narrow  Gauge,  238  Erie. 

New  England  House,  135  Huron. 

New  York  House,  165  and  1G9  St.  Clair. 

Oliver  House,  corner  Ottawa  and  Broadway. 

St.  .lames  Hotel,  Southwest  corner  Lagrange  and 
Summit. 

St.  Nicholas  Hotel,  413  Summit. 

United  States  Hotel,  36  to  40  Ottawa. 

Wabash  House,  foot  of  Sumner. 

Wyek's  Hotel,  2  Bridge. 

October  23,  1841,  the  Toledo  City  Council  or- 
dained the  folio  wingregulations  in  regard  to  run- 
ners for  Hotels,  Stages,  Steamboats,  &c.,  to  wit : 

That  no  iierson  should  "  act  as  a  runner  for  any 
Hotel,  Tavern,  Stage,  Steam  or  Canal  Boat  within 
the  limits  of  Toledo,"  except  as  licensed  for  such 
purjjose  ;  and  that  "  any  orderly,  reputafjle  widte  male. 
inhabitant  of  the  State  "  might  be  so  licensed,  upon 
payment  of  75  cents,  and  dejiositing  a  bond  in  the 
sum  of  iji.jO,  for  his  good  beliavior — l)ut  one  person 
to  be  licensed  for  each  Hotel,  Tavern,  &c. 

Banners  were  to  wear  a  band  or  plate  leather  in- 
dicating the  party  which  he  represented.  He  was 
to  conduct  himself  with  decorum  when  on  duty, 
placing  himself  in  such  position  as  that  the  name  of 
the  party  represented  by  him  should  be  plainly  seen 
on  his  badge,  and  "  there  to  remain  until  called  tor 
by  .some  person  or  persons  desiring  his  services." 
He  was  not  to  "  run  down  or  discredit  any  Hotel, 
Tavern,  Stage,  Steam  or  Canal  Boat ;  nor  to  make 
any  disorderly,  obscene  or  indecent  noise  or  noises  ; 
nor  to  use  any  profane  or  boisterous  language,  nor 
engage  in  any  quarrels,  broils,  wrestling  or  fisticuffs 
witli  other  Runners  of  whatever  descrijition." 

The  same  source  of  annoyance  had  become 
so  serious  in  May,  1848,  that  earnest  steps  were 
taken  for  its  suppression.  To  such  end,  a  com- 
bined movement  was  had  by  Landlords,  Steam- 
boat Captains  and  Agents  and  citizens,  who 
signed  a  .strong  protest  against  the  evil  and  at 
the  .same  time  jileilged  themselves  to  the  prac- 
tice of  what  has  since  come  to  be  known  as 
"Boycotting"  those  who  failed  to  join  the 
movement.  Thus,  the  Hotel-keepers  agreed 
to  "oppose  any  Steam  vessel,  by  discour- 
aging ])assengers  from  traveling  on  such 
Boats  as  employed  runners;"  Steamboat 
men  to  "  oppose  all  Hotel-keepers  who 
should  not  conform  to  this  wholesome  and 
necessary  regulation;  and  citizens  to  u.se  their 
best  endeavors  to  stop  an  evil  which  tends  to 
check  the  ])rosperity  of  the  City."  The 
Forwarding  Merchants  signing  the  pledge 
Vere  E.  Huskcll  &  Co.,  GoUinsj  Brown  &  Co., 


HOTELS. 


821 


Field  &  Ejder,  Tlios.  Watkins,  Rrownloo, 
Brown  it  C'o.,  A.  J.  Field,  Clias.  O'llara,  Henry 
Iv  Eagle,  Browiilee,  Pendleton  ctCo.,  Harrison 
11.  Dodd,  Simeon  Pitch,  Jr.,  Godard  i^c  Wiman, 
Peckliani  ct  Seott,  1).  15.  Smith  &  Co.,  T.  U. 
I>ra(ibiiiy. 

Again,  in  Se])tembci',  ISoo,  lhi.4  aDno3'aiu-e 
became  so  serious  as  to  call  I'or  action  by  tli.c 
Council,  and  an  ordinance  was  ]iassed  which 
provided  a  penalty  of  §1.00  to  $20.00  for  any 
person  who  should  "ask,  solicit  or  engage 
any  person  to  rejiair  to  any  Hotel,  Eating- 
House  or  Grog-Shop,  or  to  take  passage  on  anj'' 
Steamboat,  Stage  or  Hailroad  Car,  Canal-Boat; 
or  should  by  shouting,  clamor,  noise  or  impor- 
tunity, endeavor  to  attract  attention  of  any 
person  to  anj'  Steamboat,  Canal- Boat,  Railway 
Car,  Hotel,  Eating-House  or  Grog-Sho])." 

This  annoyance,  so  serious  in  the  days  of 
Steamboat  traveling,  gradually  passed  awaj' 
with  the  advent  of  Railways,  and  now  is 
scarcely'  known  in  Toledo,  though  jet  existing 
to  some  extent  elsewhere. 

Arrivals  at  the  Toledo  Hotels  were  first  pub- 
lished in  the  Blade  of  April  20,  1848,  that 
being  the  fourth  issue  of  the  daily  edition  of 
that  paper.  The  Hotels  represented  in  the  list 
were  Thayer's  Exchange,  Lyman  T.  Thayer, 
Projirietor;  and  the  Indiana  House,  James  M. 
S])att'ord  and  Samuel  Pond,  Projirietors — the 
former  reporting  IS  and  tli-e  latter  12  ari-ivals 
during  the  previous  24  hours.  The  next  day 
♦,he  list  was  reinforced  by  the  Ohio  House, 
David  Johnson,  Proprietor,  with  22  names. 
April  25th,  appeared  the  Toledo  House,  W. 
Woodward,  with  28  arrivals.  These  consti- 
tuted the  Hotels  of  Toledo  at  that  time. 

In  October,  1800,  the  ])i'0|irictors  of  theprin- 
cipal  Hotels  of  Toledo  had  published  the  follow- 
ing card,  which  explains  itself: 

The  undersigned,  Hotel  Keepers  in  tlie  City  of 
Toledo,  for  the  purpose  of  creating  harmony  an<l 
good  feeling  among  tliemselves,  and  maintaining  and 
enforcing  proper  discipline  and  control  over  our  em- 
ployees, pledge  ourselves,  each  to  tlie  others,  that  we 
will  not  knowingly  hire  or  permit  to  be  done  for  us, 
any  employee  of  any  other  public  hou.se,  orany  person 
who  has  been  discharged  for  improper  conduct,  or 
who  does  not  bring  a  written  testimonial  or  other  evi- 
dence of  good  conduct  from  his  or  her  last  employer. 
We  further  agree  that  we  will  notify  each  other  with 
the  names  of  all  pei'sons  discharged  for  improper 
conduct.  IjYma.k  T.  Th.wer,  American  House. 

JoH.N  McKenster,  Oliver  House. 

R.  P.  AiNGER,  Island  House. 

Williams  &  Allen,  Kingsbury  House. 

B.  Farley.  Collins  House. 

Elisha   Whipple,    Whipple  House. 

Few  men  have  occupied  as  prominent  ])Osi- 
sition  among  the  keejiei's  of  Hotels  in  Toledo, 
as  did  Ijyman  T.  Tliayer.  He  was  boi'ii  in 
Broome  County,  New  York,  Ajjril  17,  1809,  his 
father  being  a  farmer,  and  without  the  means 
recpiisite  for  giving  his  children  more  than 
very  moderate    educational    advantages.     The 


family  removed  to  Palmyra,  New  York,  in 
181(1,  and  to  Waterloo  in  1819,  whore  the 
latlu'r  died  in  1821.  When  ]15}-eai's  old,  the 
son  commcneed  work  lor  a  living,  and  at  15 
was  emjiloyed  in  a  country  Store  at  Vienna, 
Ontario  County,  New  York.  In  1880  he  be- 
came a  ]iartner  in  the  Store.  In  1835,  he  came 
West,  and  ]iassing  through  Toledo  settled  at 
Palmyra,  Michigan;  I'einaining  there  until 
1841,  when  he  removed  to  Adrian.  In  1843, 
he  came  to  Toledo,  and  in  1845  took  charge  of 
the  National  Hotel  (77-79  Summit  Street), 
which  he  refitted  and  conducted  with  success 
until  1847.  He  then  rented  a  building  stand- 
ing at  the  Northeast  corner  of  Jefferson  and 
St.  Clair  Streets,  fitted  it  up  for  hotel  purposes, 
and  opened  it  as  Thayer's  Exchange  (after- 
wards known  as  Collins  House).  In  the  Fall  of 
1851,  Mr.  Thaj-er  took  charge  of  the  American 
Hotel  (Northwest  corner  of  Summit  and  Elm 
Streets),  which  he  refitted  and  managed  until 
1853.  At  the  end  of  four  years  (1857).  he  re- 
sumed charge  of  the  establishment  and  con- 
ducted it  until  it  was  consumed  hj  tire  in 
January,  1801.  For  many  j-ears  Mr.  Thqyer 
had  been  interested  in  real  estate  and  also  in 
manufactures.  Among  the  establishments  with 
which  he  was  identified  were  the  Novelty  Iron 
Works  (succeeded  by  Russell  A;  Thayer),  the 
Toledo  Carriage  Woodwork  Company  and  the 
Toledo  Wheel  Company.  At  the  public  sale  of 
Michigan  University  lands  (now  within  the 
City  of  Toledo),  held  in  November,  1849,  Mr. 
Thayer  was  the  fii-st  purchaser,  he  buying  200 
acres, dor  which  he  paid  from  §22  to  $25  per 
aci-e.  The  Wabash  Railway  Sho]3S  (Fifth 
Ward)  occupy  a  portion  of  that  jjurchase.  Mr. 
Thayer  was  married  August  2,  1832,  at  Floyd, 
New  York,  with  Miss  Anna  Lee  Eraser.  They 
celebrated  their  Golden  Wedding  at  Toledo, 
August  2,  1882,  Mrs.  Thayer  dying  May  20, 
1883.  They  bad  five  children,  all  dying  while 
3'oung,  the  eldest,  a  daughter,  being  13  years 
old.  The  memory  of  these  is  recognized  in  a 
neat  monument  erected  in  Forest  Cemetery, 
Toledo.  Mrs.  Thayer  was  a  woman  of  excep- 
tional force  of  character  and  much  intiuence 
and  usefulness. 


GEOKGE  MACK  was  boi-n  in  Laechiugen, 
Oberamt  Mieusingen,  July  15,  1831.  He  is  a 
sou  of  John  George  and  Anna  (Maier)  Maek. 
The  father  was  a  Baker.  The  educational 
pirivileges  of  theson  were  fair,  which  he  enjo\  ed 
until  14  years  old,  wben  he  was  "  bound  out" 
for  three  years  as  an  a])]irentice  fo  the  Baker's 
trade,  i'eceivingascom]iensation  his  board  only, 
bis  father  su]i]ilying  bis  clothing.  At  the  end 
of  this  engagement,  he  received  as  wages  the 
eijual  of  83.00  ])er  month.  This  arrangement 
continued  until  the  Sjiringof  1854.  His  parents 
both  having  died,  he  left  home  for  the  United 
State  April  2od,  and  reached  New  York   June 


822 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUXTY. 


Ctli  following.  Starling  directly  for  the  West, 
lie  was  able  to  reach  Bnflalo,  where  his  means 
being  cxhausteii,  he  was  compelled  to  seek  em- 
ployment, which  could  be  found  in  a  brickyard 
only.  Jieninining  there  about  three  months, 
he  came  on  to  Toledo,  arriving  dui-iiig  the  fatal 
prevalence  there  of  cholera.  lie  first  found 
cni|ili)ynient  at  the  Kingsbury  IIou.se,  H.  I). 
Kingshurv,  pi'o]iiMetor,  where  he  remained 
nearh' three  years.  In  1857,  he  entered  the 
en\]doy  of  Lyman  T.  Tha3'er,  pi'oprietor  of  the 
American  Hotel  (corner  of  Summit  ami  Kim 
Streets)  where  he  reiiiained  until  the  burning 
of  that  house  in  January,  18(!1.  The  following 
Spring,  with  modei-ate  savings  from  his  wages, 
he  purchased  in  Butfalo  a  second-hand  Hack, 
and  commenced  what  now  has  been  his  busi- 
ness for  27  years.  In  the  pursuit  of  that,  he 
has  been  uniformly  .successful,  making  Jiiode- 
rate,  yet  stead}-  gains;  mean  while  establishing 


a  character  for  integrity  and  gOQd  citizenship 
of  which  any  one  may  justly  be  proud,  and 
furnishing  illustration  of  what  industry,  pru- 
donee  and  economy,  under  very  unfavorable 
circumstances,  will  acconi|)lisli.  Keside  ample 
fiicil'rties  of  the  best  class  for  his  business,  he  is 
the  owner  of  considerable  real  property  in  To- 
ledo, the  whole  constituting  a  competence  for 
future  needs.  In  1872  Mr.  Mack  made  a  visit 
to  the  Fatherland,  being  gone  three  months. 
In  1881,  as  a  Kepuldican  candidate,  he  was 
elected  I>irector  of  the  Lucas  County  Infirmary, 
while  most  of  his  associate  candidates  were  de- 
feated. He  was  re-elected  in  1884,  again  run- 
ning largely  ahead  of  the  ticket,  as  he  also  was 
in  1887.  Mr.  Mack  was  married  January  II!, 
1861,  with  Elizabeth  Seltzer,  who  was  born 
near  Frankfort,  tiermanj^  eomingtotheUnited 
States  in  1858.  They  have  two  children — 
William  F.  and  Anna  M.,  both  of  Toledo. 


I 


APPENDIX 


1 

I 


I 


t 


APPENDIX. 


TOLEDO  rOST,  G.  A.  U. 

January  11, 1888,  Toledo  Post,  No.  107,  Grand 
Army  of  the  Kopublic,  was  instituted  by 
Comi'ado  II.  P.  Lloyd  of  Cinfinnati.  It  was 
composed  of  105  members,  of  whom  89  were 
from  Forsyth  Post,  No.  15,  and  IG  were  new 
members  of  tlio  order.  The  officers  of  the 
Post  then  were: 

LaFayctte  Lyttlo,  Post  Conmiaiider. 

Albert  Claypool,  Senior  Vice  Commander. 

Kobert  G.  W.  Foster,  Junior  Vice  Commander. 

William  Dustin,  Adjutant. 

Henry  G.  Korton,  Quartermaster. 

Dr.  J.  T.  Woods,  Surgeon. 

Lerov  E.  Clarke,  Chaplain. 

Fred"  J.  Wolfert,  Oflicer  of  the  Day. 

William  C.  Mettler,  Otiicer  of  the  Guard. 

A.  D.  Stewart,  Sergeant  IMajor. 

Benjamin  F.  Griftin,  Quartermaster  Sergeant. 

Trustees — M.  J.  Enright,  F.B.  Shoemaker,  Edwin 
Goldsmith. 

Committees.  Relief— James  Melvin.  C.  M.  Mont- 
gomery, F.  J.  Wolfert.  Employment — Wm.  Corlett, 
J.  C.  Komeis,  li.  G.  Bacon.  Cemetery — R.  G.  W. 
I'^oster,  L.  E.  Clarke,  S.W.  Cass.  Applications— J.  H. 
Ainsworth,  J.  A.  Stijip,  H.  1*.  Fowler.  Admission  to 
Military  Homes,  Ac. — Edwin  Goldsmith,  Nat. 
Haughton,  J.  S.  Kouutz.  Chairman  Committee  on 
Social  Sessions— P.  H.  Dowling. 


Ainsworth,  J.  11.,  sergt.,  co.  G,  12th  Ind.  V.  I. 
Austin,  I).  R.,  1st  lieut.,  lOOtli  0.  V.  I. 
Alcorn,  W.  W.,  private,  co.  A,  ]4tli  O.  V.  I. 
Abbott,  A\'illard,  corporal,  loth  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Barkdull,  \V.  H..  musician,  co.   B.  170th  O.  V.  I. 
Karkdull.  T.  H.,  private,  co.  B,  17(ith  O.  V.  I. 
iSrown,  Fjdward  O.,  major,  A.  D.  C.  U.  S.  A. 
Bacon,  R.  G.,  l.st  lieut.,  co.  H,  38th  U.  S.  C.  I. 
Bell,  John  B.,  maj.audbvt.  lieut.-col.  15th  Mich.V.T. 
Bigelow,  H.  W.,  captain,  co.  H,  Hth  O.  \'.  f. 
Bunker,  Henry  S.,  commissary,  With  O.  V.  I. 
l?rown,  Calvin  S.,  private,  co.  G,  Iowa  V.  C. 
Bowman.  J.  H.,  private,  co.  G,  4th  U.  S.  I. 
Bliven,  Charles  E.,  brevet  major  U.  S.  V. 
Booth,  U.  D.,  private,  co.  H,  :M  O.  V.  C. 
Bodman,  Lewis  H.,  medical  cadet,  V.  S.  A. 
Clarke,  W.  J.,  paymaster  steward,  U.  S.  N. 
(;iarke,  R.  W.,  captain,  co.  C.  120th  N.  Y,  V.  I. 
Clark,  L.  E.,  private,  co.  I,  Hth  ().  V.  I. 
Clavpool,  Albert,  corporal  co.  B,  i:!th  O.  V.  C. 
Cass,  Samuel  W.,  corporal,  bat.  H,  1st  (.).  \'.  L.  A. 
Corlett,  William,  private,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Collamore,  G.  A.,  surgeon,  100th  (_).  V.  I. 
Doolittle,  C.  C,  brig,   and  brevet  maj.-gen'l  U.  S.  V. 
Uowling,  P.  H.,  captain,  co.  C,  11 1th  O.  V.  I. 
DeVilbiss,  Allen,  hosp.  stew.,   co.  A,  100th  End.  V.  f. 
Dustin,  William,  l.st  lieut.,  lOth  bat.  O.  V.  L.  A. 
DeGrali;  Ileurv,  lieut.,  7th  Mich.  V.  C. 
Em-ight,  M.  J.,  2d  lieut.,  co.  II,  lllth  O.  Y.  I. 
Faskiii,  John  E.,  lieut.-col.  S7th  and  130th  O.  V.  I. 
Fuller,  John  W.,  brig,  and  brevet  inaj.-gen'l  U.  S.  V. 

53  [S: 


Foster,  R.  G.  W.,  private,  co.  B,  !7th  Me.  V.  I. 
Fowler,  H.  P.,  2d  lieut.,  co.  E,  Ist  Mass.  H.  A. 
Frank,  Simon  H.,  1st  sergt,  bat.  G,  1st  Mich.  L.  A. 
Flower,  S.  W.,  (piartermaster,  10th  N.  Y.  V.  H.  A. 
Goldsmith,  Edwin,  adjt.,  lOOth  Ind.  \'.  I. 
Gritfin,  B.  F.,  private,  co.  G,  ]2.St.h  ().  \.  I. 
Gosline,  W.  A.,  q.  m.  sergt.,  10:!d  O.  V.  I. 
(ioodnow,  Edgar  W.,  1st  lieut.,  co.  F,  -Ith  Ma.ss.  V.'  C. 
Garver,  Emil,  sergt.,  co.  F,  Ittth  0.  V.  I. 
Goodwin,  Edward  M.,  captain,  A.  A.  surg.,  TJ.  S.  N. 
Holloway,  George,  private,  bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  I,.  A. 
Haughton,  Nathaniel,  lieut.-col.,  2.5th  O.  V.  L 
Harris,  James,  1st  lieut.,  bat.  H,  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Hoerr,  Louis,  private,  co.  I,  9th  O.  V.  I. 
Hamilton,  J.  IC,  captain,  co.  B,  113th  O.  V.  L 
Hull,  Geo.  B.,  2d  lieut.,  co.  C,  ISoth  O.  V.  J. 
Hall,  James  M.,  private,  co.  G,  3d  IT.  S.  I. 
Hartley,  Geo.  W.,  private,  co.  G,  7th  Mich  S.  S. 
Hussey,  Cyrus,  lieut.-col.,  192d  O.  V.  I. 
House,  N.  \V.,  2d  lieut.,  co.  K,  1st  Mich.  V.  I. 
Jones,  Chas.  H.,  private,  co.  A,  Hth  O.  V.  I. 
Ivumler,  John  F..  1st  sergt.,  co.  A,  «3d  O.  V.  I. 
Knights,  James  D.,  sergt.,  co.  E,  lOOth  O.  V.  I. 
ICountz,  John  S.,  drummer,  co.  G,  37th  O.  V.  I. 
Kellogg,  J.  T.,  1st  lieut.,  co.  H,  138th  Ind.  V.  I. 
Lyttle,   LaFayette,  captain  and  bvt.  major,  35th  and 

94th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Lindsay,  Gary  D.,  1st  lieut,  67th  0.  V.  L 
La.salle,  J.,  captain,  co.  C,  82d  III.  V.  I. 
Lee,  John  C,  colonel,  55th  and  ]G4th  O.  V.  I. 
Montgomery,  C.  M.,  private,  bat  I,  Hth  N.  Y.V.  II.  A. 
Merrell,  John  H.,  sergt.,  bat  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 
Motter,  Louis,  sergt.,  co.  E,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
Mettler,  Wm.  C,  private,  co.  H,  101st  O.  V.  I. 
Melvin,  James,  1st  sergt.,  co.  C,  33d  Mass.  V.  I. 
McLyman,  Wm.  H.,  captain,  U.  S.  V. 
McKecknie,  W.  E.,  2d  lieut.  lf)7th  O.  V.  I. 
Millard,  I.  I.,  private,  co.  I,  15th  O.  V.  I. 
Martin,  Predom,  corporal,  130th  0.  V.  I. 
Norton,  H.  G.,  1st  lieut.  and  adjt.  137th  U.  8.  C.  T. 
Puck,  John  IL,  private,  co.  C,  37tli  ().  V.  I. 
Parsons,  John  E.,  colonel,  187th  Pa.  Y.  I. 
Pierce,  H.  L.,  private,  7th  Vt.  V.  I. 
Potter,  E.  D.,  Jr.,  private,  co.  A,  84th  O.  V.  I. 
I'ugslev,  Isaac  P.,  A.  A.  Pavma-ster,  U.  S.  N. 
Peck,  "O.  L.,  2d  lieut,  co.  B,  101st  O.  V.  I. 
Parmeloe,  Myron  H.,  drummer,  co.  A,  1.30th  O.  V.  I. 
(iuiggle,  R.  C,  private,  co.  H,  i:'.Oth  O.  V.  L 
Romeis,  John  C,  private,  co.  C,  5th  ().  \'.  1. 
Root,  E.  I.,  corporal,  co.  I,  4th  O.  V.  I. 
Stewart,  A.  I).,  sergt,  co.  G,  O.  V.  I. 
Shaw,  Daniel  C.,  private,  co.  I,  13th  III.  V.  I. 
Stipp,  J.  A.,  private,  co.  I,  8th  O.  V.  C. 
Spain,  .James  IL,  sergt,  co.  H,  ItUth  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Shoemaker,  F.  B.,  2d  lieut.,  co.  C,  1.30th  O.  V.  I. 
Sawtelle,  W.  IL,  private,  co.  B,  18th  hid.  Bat 
Smith,  W.  H.  H.,  1st  lieut,  21.st  bat  G.  V.  L.  A. 
Schooley,  E.  W.,  corporal,  co.  A,  osth  O.  V.  I. 
Sheldon,  D.  D.,  1st  sergt,  co.  I,  192d  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Thomas,  Geo.  W.,  1st  lieut.,  bat.  I,  .3d  N.  V.  V.  L.  A. 
Thorn,  .Samuel  S.,  surgeon.  130th  t>.  V.  I. 
Terry,  T.  B.,  sergt ,  co.  B,  3d  O.  V.  C. 
Thomas,  John  IL,  private,  co.  F,  20()th  Pa.  Res. 
inirich,  Adam,  sergt,  co.  E,  lllth  ().  V.  1. 
Wolcott.  J.  L..  2(1  lieut,  (i7th  ().  V.  1. 
Wain,  M.  C,  2d  lieut,  co.  C,  2lilh  I'a.  V.  1 

.25] 


826 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Waring,  S.  H.,  corporal,  co.  E,  S4th  O.  V.  I. 
Woods,  J.  T.,  surgeon,  OOtli  O.  V.  I. 
Woolson,  A.  M.,  sergt.-niaj.,  1st  0.  V.  H.  A. 
Wolfert,  1".  J.,  private,  co.  V,  55th  O.  V.  I. 
Watson.  I'liny,  1st  I  lent.,  co.  K,  55th  O.  V.  T. 
Waite,  Kiclianl,  captain,  co.  A,  ir.Oth  O.  V.  I. 
Waite,  Norman,  major,  IWUli  ().  V.  I. 
Wilcox.  M.  ].,  quartcrinaster,  130th  O.  V.  T. 
Wooil,  Harrison,  1st  licnt.,  co.  A,  14th  0.  V.  I. 
Whittlesey,  K.  D.,  Lstlieut.,  b.it.  G.  IstO.  V.  L.  A. 
Young.  Chas.  h.,  bvt.  lieut.-col.  VOtli  N.  Y.  Y.  I.  and 

Yol.  Cien.  Staflf. 
Young,  Horatio  S.,  sergt.,  co.  C,  130th  0.  V.  I. 

ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 

A  33i-anch  of  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  was  organized  in  Toledo,  May  5,1885. 
The  objects  are  ^o  chcrisli  the  memories  and 
associations  of  that  Army  ;  to  strengthen  the 
ties  of  fraternal  fellowship  and  sympathy 
formed  from  companionship  therein;  to  ])er- 
petnate  the  name  and  fame  of  those  who  have 
tixllen,  cither  on  the  field  of  battle  or  in  any  line 
of  duty  with  it;  to  collect  and  preserve  the 
record  of  its  great  achievements,  its  numerous 
and  well  contested  battles,  its  campaigns, 
marches  and  skirmislics;  and  as  an  incentive 
to  the  organization  of  such  Branch  Societies 
throughout  the  West.  A  constitution  and  by- 
laws were  adopted,  and  the  following  officers 
were  elected  to  serve  for  one  year,  1885-8G : 
President,  General  Nat.  Haughtou  ;  Vice  Pres- 
ident, Surgeon  S.  F.  Forbes;  Secretarj-,  Lieut. 
C.  D.  Lindsay ;  Treasurer,  Wm.  Corlett. 

Several  interesting  meetings  were  held  during 
the  year,  and  a  committee  w^as  appointed  to 
pi-ocure  a  tablet  for  Memorial  Hall,  to  com- 
raemorato  the  gallant  dead  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac. 

The  officers  elected  for  the  jeav  1880-87  were 
as  follows :  President,  General  C.  C.  Doolittle  ; 
Vice  President,  General  C.  L.  Young ;  Secre- 
tarj-, Lieutenant  C.  1).  Lindsay  ;  Treasurer, 
Wm.  Corlett. 

The  officers  elected  for  the  j-ear  1887-88  are  : 
President,  General  C.  L.  Young ;  Vice  Presi- 
dent, Dr.  Albert  Claypool ;  Secretary,  Lieuten- 
ant  C.  D.  Lindsay;  Treasurer,  C.  M.  Mont- 
gomery. 

MEMBERS   OP  SOCIETY. 

Andrews,  N.  J.,  4th  N.  Y.  Art. 

Bailev,  B.  C,  94th  N.  Y'.  V.  I. 

Brown,  J.  W.,  lG4th  O.  V.  I. 

Brown,  H.  A.,  10th  Mass.  V.  I. 

Brown,  E.  O.,  U.  S.  A. 

Boweu,  G.  W.,  IGth  Mich.  Y.  I. 

Bacon,  R.  G.,  148th  N.  Y.  Y.  I.  and  f-Sth  V.  S.  C.  T. 

Bishop,  W.  H.,  1st  Conn.  Cav. 

Bartow,  James  R.,  15th  N.  Y.  Cav. 

Booth,  John  G.,  34th  N.  Y'.  V.  I. 

Beeley,  Joseph  L.,  07th  0.  V.  I. 

Baker,  H.  L.,  94th  N.  Y.  X.  I. 

Cheney,  W.  C,  130th  O.  V.  I. 

Corlett,  William,  Bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 

Conger,  Charles  H.,  25th  O.  V.  I. 

Cool,  George  E.,  34th  N.  Y'.  V.  I. 

Chamberlain,  D.  P.,  Surgeon  4th  Mich.  V.  I. 

Claypool,  Albert,  13th  O.  V.  C. 


Caughlin,  Charles.  49th  Pa.  Y.  I. 

Clarke.  Richard  VV.,  72d  and  120th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Cherrv,  Charles  W.,  130tli  O.  V.  I. 

Cliristie,  II.  C,  .58th  Pa.  V.  I. 

Collins,  T.  J.,  5th  O.  Y.  C. 

Clooper,  George  I.,  Bat.  II,  1st  O.  V.  A. 

Cranker,  Peter,  ()7th  O.  Y.  Y.  I. 

Comly,  James  M.,  2.3d  O.  Y.  I. 

Clarke,  W.  R.,  Bat.  II,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 

Chance,  Jesse  C,  2.5th  O.  V.  I.  an<l  13th  U.  S.  Inf. 

Doolittle,  Charles  C,  4th  Mich.  Y.  I. 

IJeGratr,  Henrv,  7th  Mich.  Cav. 

Dyer,  E.  M.,  C7th  O.  Y.  V.  I. 

Englehart,  Jacob,  130th  O.  Y.  I. 

Faskin,  John,  C7th  O.  V.  Y.  I. 

Fraser,  George  S.,  25th  O.  V.  I. 

Foster,  R.  G.  W.,  17th  Me.  V.  I. 

Fisher,  A.  W.,  57th  Pa.  Y.  I. 

Forbes,  Samuel  F.,  G7th  O.  Y.  Y.  I. 

Fowler,  Henry  P.,  1st  Mass.  II.  A. 

Gaetschenberger.  F.  A.,  130th  ().  Y.  I. 

Greer,  Jacob,  33d  N.  Y.  Y.  I. 

Geddes,  L.  W.,  25th  O.  Y.  I. 

Hovt,  William  L.,  25th  O.  V.  I. 

Hail,  James  M.,  3d  U.  S.  I. 

Harris,  James,  Bat.  H,  O.  V.  L.  A. 

Heck,  Charles  L.,  2d  Maryland  V. 

Hawkes,  Erastus  P..  5th  Jlich.  Cav. 

Hoag,  Francis,  N.  Y.  H.  A. 

Hall,  James  W.,  2.5th  0.  Y.  Y.  I. 

House,  N.  W.,  1st  Mich.  Y.  I. 

Hime,  J.  E.,  7th  0.  V.  I. 

Hardie,  James,  13th  0.  Y.  C. 

Haynes,  Quade  C,  1st  Mich.  Y.  I. 

Haughton.  Nat.,  25th  O.  V.  I. 

Hall,  Cecil  A.,  Bat.  H,  IstO.  V.  L.  A. 

Jay,  Sidney  W.,  U.  S.  Artillerv 

Jones,  N.  H.,  5th  N.  Y.  V. 

Kernck,  J.  \V.,  5th  Mich.  Cav. 

Kissinger,  S.  S.,  6.5th  N.  Y.  Y.  I. 

Kummero,  Ernest,  25th  O.  V.  I. 

Klein,  Henry,  149th  0.  N.  G. 

Kaney,  J.  G.,  123d  Pa.  V.  I. 

Klitter,  John,  9th  Conn.  Y.  Y.  I. 

King,  Jabez  W.,  2d  Maine  Y.  I. 

Luke,  William,  54th  Pa.  Y.  I. 

Eabadie,  Louis,  67th  O.  V.  Y.  I. 

Lindsay,  C.  D.,  67th  O.  Y.  Y.  I. 

Lehany,  Thomas,  67th  O.  Y.  Y.  I. 

Lvttle,  LaFayette,  94th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Lbeb,  Daniel,  72d  N.  Y.  Y.  I. 

LaSalle,  J.,  82d  111.  V.  I. 

Lovett,  Dennis,  67th  O.  V.  V.  I. 

Lee,  John  C,  55th  O.  V.  I. 

Montgomery,  C.  M.,  14th  N.  Y.  H.  A. 

IMarshall,  J.  W.,  187th  N.  Y.  Y.  I. 

Xewton,  Robert,  5th  U.  S.  Cav. 

Peet,  John  H.,  4th  N.  Y.  H.  A. 

Pray,  J.  L.,  Bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  A.  and  Signal  Corps. 

Pool,  Charles  C,  149th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Parmelee,  AVm.  E.,  Jr.,  Bat.  H,  1st  O.  V.  L.  A. 

Parsons,  John  E., 149th  and  187th  Pa.Y.and  A.A.G. 

Roraback,  T.  Z.,  122d  N.  Y.  S.  Y. 

Reeve,  Lewis,  1st  Mich.  Cav. 

Rowsey,  Charles  A.,  67th  O.  V.  Y.  I. 

Rowley,  Horace,  17th  Vermont  Y.  I. 

Skinner,  S.  W.,  1st  Conn.  H.  A. 

Shav,  Lewis,  130th  O.  Y.  I. 

Stritmater,  J.  M.,  100th  Pa.  Y.  I. 

Scott,  W.  P.,  25th  O.  Y.  V.  I. 

Smith,  W.  F.,  4th  0.  Y.  I. 

Spain,  James  H.,  164th  N.  Y.  Y.  I. 

Swartz,  Otto,  5th  Pa.  Cav. 

Smith,  Wm.  H.  H.,  Bat.  H,  1st  0.  Y.  L.  A. 

Sheldon,  D.  D.,  18th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Schaefer,  Charles  P.,  67th  O.  Y.  Y.  I. 

Stewart,  A.  D.,  25th  0.  V.  I. 


I 


I 


APPENDIX. 


827 


Turley,  William,  1st  X.  Y.  L.  A. 

Turner,  John,  (>7th  (>.  V.  V.  I. 

ThornburK,T.  II.,  Stli  O.  V.  I. 

Triquart,  Peter,  iVith  O.  V.  V.  I. 

Thomas,  CioorRe  W.,  Bat.  I.  IJ.l  .V.  Y.  .\. 

Worts,  J.  J.,  L'otli  ().  V.  V.  I. 

Welier,  Alex.,  OTth  ().  V.  V.  I. 

Worts,  George,  f.Ttli  O.  V.  I. 

WoniUnirv,  A.,  CTtli  ().  V.  V.  I. 

Wolfert,  t.  J.,  r,.-,th  ().  V.  I. 

Wilson,  It.  F.,  IDth  Pa.  Koserves. 

Wliitn.v,  Henry  M..  U.  S.  Cav. 

While,  ,)olin  G.,  l.>>th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Young,  Charles  L.,  TOtli  N.  Y.  V.  ami  (ien.   Stall. 

EIGHTEENTH  UNITED  STATES  INFANTRY. 

The  following  named  moml)crf9  of  thi.s  com- 
mand wore  from  Toledo : 

Frank  T.  Bennett— Quartermaster  Sergeant,  Sec- 
ond Lieutenant,  Eirst  Lieutenant,  Captain ;  now 
Major  Seeond  United  States  Cavalry. 

Fred.  H.  Brown  (son  of  JMatthew  Brown) — First 
Lieutenant  and  (Quartermaster.  Killed  by  Indians 
at  Fort  Phil  Kearney  mas.sacre,  l.SllG. 

Isaac  D'Isay — First  Lieutenant ;  mustered  out, 
18GI). 

James  T>ouden — Sergeant  Company  G,  Third  Bat- 
talion ;  killed  at  battle  of  Chiekaniauga. 

Wm.  H.  Moore — Sergeant  Company  D,  First  Bat- 
talion. Now  Druggist  at  Milburn  Wagon  Works, 
Toledo. 

Homer  Sawyer— Sergeant  Company  D,  First  Bat- 
talion ;  lost  arm  in  front  of  Atlanta. 

James  Clark— Corporal  Company  G,  First  Bat- 
talion. 

Frank  H.  Venia — Corporal  Company  G,  Second 
Battalion  ;  wounded  at  Utoy  Creek  ;  prisoner  at  An- 
dersonville. 

Lucien  Brown — Private  Companj'  D,  Second  Bat- 
talion ;  wounded  at  Chickamauga  ;  ])risoner  at  An- 
dersonville. 

Walter  Clum — Private  Company  H,  First  Bat- 
t.alion  ;  killed  at  Pittsburg  Landing. 

William  LI.  Hoag — Private  Company  G,  Second 
Battalion. 

Charles  Jennings— Private  Company  D,  First  Bat- 
talion. 

Edward  Lacy— Private  Company  H,  Third  Bat- 
talion ;  killed  at  Chickamauga. 

James  Jlills — Private  Company  H,  Third  Battal- 
ion ;  died  at  Murfreesboro,  Tennessee. 

Charles  K.  Mitchell— Private  Company  H,  Third 
Battalion  ;  lost  an  arm  at  battle  of  Utoy  Creek. 

Daniel  Norris — Private  Company  H,  Third  Bat- 
talion ;  died  at  Nashville,  Tennessee. 

Joseph  Parker — Private  Company  D,  First  Bat- 
talion. 

Horace  Sawyer — Private  Company  H,  First  Bat- 
talion ;  wounded  at  Chickamauga. 

John  Ten  Eyck — Private  Company  D,  First  Bat- 
talion. 

Lewis  Ten  Eyck — Private  Company  D,  Second 
Battalion  ;  wounded  at  Jonesboro,  Georgia. 

Amos  Twining— Private  Company  D,  Second  Bat- 
talion ;  prisoner  at  Andersonville. 

Wm.  Westcott— Private  Company  D,  First  Bat- 
talion. 

SONS  OF  VETERANS. 

This  organization,  as  its  title  indicates,  con- 
sists of  sons  of  Soldiers  'who  served  in  tlio 
Union  Army  during  the  War  of  the  liehellion. 
Two  Camps  have  been  instituted  in  Toledo. 


Mark  E.  Sibi.ky  Camp,  No.  1,  was  mustered 
August  15,  1882,  at  the  office  of  Cajilain  H.  F. 
Miller,  li}-  Charles  W.  Goranflo,  from  Allen- 
town,  Pennsylvania.  The  charter  mi'nibers 
were:  C.  W.  Goran tlo,  C.  S.  Higelow,  L.  A. 
Alcxandei-,  Harry  H.  Haeon,  11.  S.  Uowling, 
John  S.  Ci'oss,  James  A.  Ijivermore,  V].  T.  Wal- 
ter, Geoi'ge  C.  Cramer,  R.  Mcl'llrii\',  (icorge  L. 
Thorne,  James  H.  Sherwood,  lleuben  Bigelow, 
Frank  S.  Plummer,  Frank  T.  Baldwin. 

The  Camp  was  named  after  a  son  of  Mrs. 
Ivnth  Siblej-,  of  Toledo,  who  was  a  member  of 
Battery  H,  First  Ohio  Light  Artillery.  The 
officers  of  the  Camp  for  1887,  were  as  follows  : 
Caiitaiii,  J.  A.  Livermore  ;  First  Lieutenant,  S. 
11.  Hansen;  Second  Lieutenant,  Charles  Sclicl- 
ling;  C)rderly  Sergeant,  L.  J.  Cook. 

Ellsworth  Camp,  No.  2,  was  mustered  at 
Grand  Army  Hall,  East  Toledo,  November  1, 
1882,  by  Charles  W.  Gorantlo,  assisted  by  mem- 
bers of  Mark  E.  Sibley  Cam]),  No.  1.  The  fol- 
lowing were  the  charter  members  :  W.  H.  Gra- 
ham, E.  A.  Graham,  R.  F.  Danzy,  C.  Munger, 
Orlin  L.  Boice,  Frank  Munger,  Harry  Squire, 
Orrin  McDougal,  A.  Grant,  Wm.  Soudcrt,  Wm. 
Barringer,  George  Edgar,  L.  J.  Gage,  G.  W. 
Marshall,  II.  Brown,  F.  Gage  and  Harvey 
Harris. 

Officers  of  Ellsworth  Camp,  No.  2,  for  1887, 
wei'o  as  follows:  Captain,  Orrin  McDougal; 
First  Lieutenant,  Thomas  Keid  ;  Second  Lieu- 
tenant, Clarence  DowcU  ;  Q.  M.  S.,  Fred.  Kratt ; 
Orderly  Sergeant,  Wm.  Barringer;  Chaplain, 
J.  B.  Allen  ;  Sergeant  Guard,  Fred.  Eiddell  ; 
Corporal  Guard,  Wm.  White ;  Color  Sergeant, 
I.  N.  Gardner;  Inside  Picket,  Charles  Sutton; 
Outside  Picket,  Jacob  Langendorf. 

When  these  Camps  were  organized,  there 
were  two  branches  of  the  order  of  Sons  of  Vet- 
erans iuOhio;  but  in  1885  these  were  consoli- 
dated, and  Mark  E.  Sibley  Camp,  No.  1,  be- 
came Mark  E.  Sibley  Camp,  No.  18  ;  and  Ells- 
worth Camp,  No.  2,  became  Ellsworth  Camp, 
No.  02.  Both  are  now  in  a  fli)urislung  condi- 
tion. 

OHIO  NATIONAL  GUARD. 

STATE  OFFICERS. 

Charles  L.  Y'oung,  Brig.-General,  Qu.artermaster- 
General  and  Commissary-General  of  Subsistence, 
January  1-t.  1878,  for  two  years. 

Henry  G.  Neubert,  Colonel,  and  Chief  of  Engi- 
neers, 1877. 

SIXTEENTH    REGIMENT    INFANTRY. 

This  command  was  organized,  under  the 
laws  of  Ohio,  in  October,  1877,  with  heaihiuar- 
ters  at  Toledo. 

ROSTER  OF    FIELD   AND   STAFF. 

Coloneh. — Henry  G.  Neubert,  November  1,  1877. 
to  March  31,  1881;  Jona.  D.  Norton,  May  lit,  ISSl,  to 
June,  1887  ;  Charles  M.  Keyes,  June  8,  1887. 

Lieutenant  Colonels. — Jona.  D.  Norton,  November 
1,  1877,  to  May  lii,  l,s8I  ;    John  G.   Avery,   May   19, 


828 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


1881,  to  June  IS,  1885;  Cliailcs  M.  Keyes,  July  13, 
1885,  to  June  S,  1887  ;  Heury  S.  Bunker,  June20,  1887. 

Majors— 3ohn  J.  Woorman,  November  1,  1877,  to 
February  17,  18S0  ;  John  G.  Averv,  July  7,  1880,  to 
May  19,  1881;  II.  S.  Bunker,  May  19,  1881,  to  June 
29,  1887;  M.  B.  Lemmon,  Junior  Major,  September 
7, 188G. 

Adjutants. — David  S.  Monsarrat,  November  17, 1877 
to  Mav  19,  187S  ;  H.  S.  Bunker,  May  10,  1878,  to  May 
19,  1881 ;  W.  AV.  Alcorn  July  4,  1S81,  to  January  7, 
188G;  Isaac T.  Merrill,  February  II,  ISSIi. 

Surgeons.— Joseph  T.  Woods,  November  17,  1877. 
Assistants— J.  IM.  Shoemaker,  November  17,  1877,  to 
March  17,  1880;  Wm.  Graefe,  July  7,  1880,  to  August 
15,  1882 ;  Arthur  L.  Osborn,  August  18,  1882. 

Chaplains. — Robert  Mr Cune,  November  17,1877,  to 
October  24,  1881  ;  Edward  Anderson,  November  1, 
1881,  to  November  24,  1884;  Patrick  S.  Slevin,  July 
2S,  1885. 

TOLEDO   COMPANIES. 

Company  A. — Walbridge  Light  Guards.  Organ- 
ized November  1,  1872.  Assigned  to  Kegiment  in 
October,  1S77. 

Captains — A.  Romeyn  Rogers,  November  1,  1872, 
to  October  14,  1874  ;  Jerome  15.  Thomas,  October  27, 
1874,  to  December  29,  187t) ;  Henry  A.  Brown,  De- 
cember 29,  1S76,  to  June  7,  1879;  J.  G.  Averv,  June 
aO,  1879,  to  July  7,  ISSO;  Jacob  Mc.  Weier,  July  21, 
1880. 

Company  C— Toledo  Grays.  Organized  March  15, 
1876.    Assigned  to  Regiment  October,  1877. 

Captains— J.  E.  Kentigh,  March  22,  1877,  to  March 
9,  1878;  F.  N.  Marvin,  March  26,  1878,  to  January  15, 
1879;  Robinson  Locke,  March  1,  1879,  to  July  19, 
1882;  J.  R.  Wade,  August  18,  1882,  to  Mav  20,  1884; 
J.  B.  Atkinson,  June  9,  1884,  to  July  28.  1885;  P.  S. 
Donnelly,  August  12, 1885,  to  January  5,  1886;  J.  R. 
Wade,  February  15.  1886. 

Company  H. — Milburn  Guards. 

Captains — James  K.  IMilburn,  August  17,  1877,  to 
July  16,  ISSS ;  Burton  Varney,  July  30,  1878,  to  Au- 
gust 27,  1879 ;  W.  H.  Moore,  September  8,  1879,  to 
,  October  21,  1884  ;  A.  R.  Rogers,  October  21,  1884. 

The  above  mentioned  Companies  are  made 
up  of  men  of  exceptionally  good  standing,  who 
liave  assumed  the  positions  they  hold  with  the 
paramount  purpose  of  thereby  so  placing  and 
qualifying  themselves  as  to  be  useful  to  their 
tellow-citizens  in  any  emergency — whether  for 
National  or  local  defense. 

BATTERY  TJ,  FIRST  REGIMENT  ARTILLERY. 

Tiiis  command  is  one  of  the  oldest  now  in 
the  State  service,  having  been  organized  in 
1867.  It  had  its  inception  in  the  order  of  the 
State  Adjutant  General,  luider  which  the  mem- 
bers of  Eattery  II,  First  Ohio  Volunteer  Light 
Artillery  (serving  in  the  Union  Army),  were 
authorized  to  organize  what  was  designated  as 
First  Oiiio  Inde])endent  Battery,  wliioh  con- 
tained many  cx-Soldiors  of  the  Union  Army 
during  the  Eebellion.  At  the  outset,  II.  A. 
Perigo  was  elected  First  Lieutenant,  and  Ciai-- 
ence  Morris  Second  Lieutenant.  The  Battery 
then  had  two  brass  six-pounder  Napoleons. 

In  1877,  the  organization  was  increased  in 
standard  to  that  of  a  four-gun  Batter^',  with 
the  following  named  officers:  O.J.Hopkins, 
Cajitain;    James  F.   Bailie,   First  Lieutenant; 


Sidney  "VV.  Jay,  Second  Lieutenant ;  T.  J.  Cro- 
nise,  Assistant  Surgeon. 

In  1878,  the  Battery  was  advanced  to  a  full 
six-gun  organization,  with  four  six-pounders, 
and  two  twelve-pounders,  brass  jiieces,  when 
two  Lieutenants  were  added,  and  E.  H.  Losee 
and  Wm.  II.  McLain  chosen  as  such  officers. 

In  1882,  by  rec^uest  of  its  officers,  the  Battery 
was  reduced  to  the  four-gun  basis.  Lieutenants 
Losee  and  McLain  retiring. 

The  Battery  is  fully  equijjped  for  whatever 
service  it  may  be  called  to  perform.  During 
the  riotous  demonstrations  of  1877,  it  was  on 
duty  several  daj's,  and  contributed  materially 
in  adverting  threatened  violence  toward  life 
and  property.  It  was  also  serviceable  in  like 
manner  in  connection  with  the  disturbances  at 
the  Paulding  Reservoir  in  May,  1887. 

The  roster  of  the  Battery's  officers,  at  this 
time  (1887),  is  as  follows:  Captain — Owen  J. 
Ho^jkius  ;  First  Lieutenant,  Louis  Kimmerlin  ; 
Second  Lieutenant,  Furman  Upham ;  Junior 
Second  Lieutenant,  George  V.  Eoulet. 

WOMAN'S  RELIEF  CORPS. 

Nation.^:,  Officers,  1887-1888. — Cora  Day  Young, 
Toledo,  National  Senior  Vice  President. 

Kate  Brownlee  Sherwood,  Toledo,  National  Coun- 
selor. 

Department  of  Ohio,  W.  R.  C. — Cora  Day  Young, 
Toledo,  Chairman  Department  Executive  Board. 

Officeks  Forsyth  Relief  Corps,  No.  1,  W.  R.  C, 
G.  A.  R.,  1888.— President,  Emma  J.  Goldsmith  ;  Se- 
nior Vice  President,  Adelia  A.  Edson ;  Junior  Vice 
President,  Mary  E.  Nicholas;  Treasurer,  Mary  J. 
Kelsey  ;  Secretary,  Jennie  R.  Griffin  ;  Chaplain,  Mary 
A.  Bills;  Conductor,  Anna  E.  Pennell  ;  Guard,  Kate 
Raynor. 

FLAGS  AND  BANNERS. 

A  large  number  of  flags  and  banners  carried 
by  Ohio  troops  in  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  were 
deposited  in  what  is  known  as  the  Flag  lioom,  in 
the  State  Cajtitol,  at  Columbus.  Among  these 
were  the  following  from  the  commands  named: 

Command.                          Flags.  Banners.  Markers. 

14th  O.V.I 2  1 

25thO.  V.  I 2  2 

27thO.  V.  I 2 

37thO.  V.  I 1 

47thO.  V.  I 2  1 

84thO.  V.  I 1 

lOOthO.  V.  I 1  1 

111th  O.V.I 1  1 

]82d  O.  V.  I 1  1 

189thO.  V.  I 1  1 

Battery  H,  1st  L.  A —                  1 

Company  C,  3d  Cavalry .-  --                 1 

EXPRESSES. 

Wm.  F.  Ilarnden  is  the  recognized  pioneer 
Expressman  of  the  United  States.  He  started 
his  messengers  between  Boston  and  New' York 
ill  1839.  For  some  time,  that  was  the  only 
route  occuined  by  such  means  of  communica- 
tion. Mr.  Harnden  soon  extended  his  opera- 
tions by  the  Hudson   River    to    Albany,  witii 


APPEXDJX. 


829 


Ilcniy  Wflls  as  Albuny  Agont.  Early  in  1841 
(Joori^c  K.  roinordy,  tlu'ii  at  Albany,  planned 
fill-  startinrr  tlic  tii'.st  Kx]iress  lino  lietwcon  that 
C'itj-  and  Biittalo,  and  June  1st  of  that  year,  he 
left  Albany  as  the  pioneer  Messcntfcr  of  what 
came  to  be  known  as  "  Pomeroy  s  Ex]ircss." 
The  trips,  at  first,  wci-e  made  weekly,  the  facil- 
ities c'onsistini!;  of  liaihvay  travel  to  Batavia, 
and  of  stage  thenoc  to  Buffalo  ;  his  parcels  be- 
ing convej-cd  in  a  carpet-bag  and  small  trunk. 
The  time  tor  the  round  trip  was  84  hours.  For 
some  time,  the  Bankers  of  Albany  and  Buffalo 
had  employed  semi-monthly  messengers,  and 
at  first  were  slow  to  surrender  their  large  in- 
terests to  the  han<ls  of  the  new  and  untried 
agency  ;  but  ere  long  such  reluctance  yielded 
to  confidence  established,  and  the  Express 
gradually  won  its  way  to  popular  favor.  Slow 
as  that  ti'ip  now  seems  to  have  been,  the  Ex- 
])ress  "beat  the  mails"  some  od  hours  to  Buf- 
falo. Mr.  Pomeroy  soon  extended  his  route  to 
]Vcw  York,  when  Mr.  Wells  entered  his  employ, 
and  the  River  business  came  into  his  hands.  A 
brother,  Tliaddeus  Pomeroj',  and  Mr.  Wells 
and  Crawford  Livingston,  soon  became  asso- 
ciated in  the  business,  the  firm  being  Pomeroy 
&  Co.  The  trips  were  now  made  semi-weekly. 
In  1842,  this  was  changed  to  daily  trips. 
During  this  j'ear  an  important  advance  was 
made,  by  the  addition  of  mail  transportation — 
a  matter  entirely  new,  outside  the  Government 
mails.  To  this  end,  Mr.  Pomeroy  devised  the 
first  postage-stamp  provided  in  the  United 
States.  It  was  aliout  the  size  and  form  of  the 
Government  stamps  subsequently  provided. 
Three  colors  were  employed — black,  blue  and 
Vermillion,  the  former  two  being  of  the  denom- 
ination of  five,  and  the  latter 
of  10  cents.  They  were 
printed  on  bank-note  paper 
and  sized  ready  for  use.  The 
vignette  was  a  handsome 
steel  portrait  of  a  female, 
surrounded  by  the  words, 
"  Pomeroy 's  Letter  Express," 
above  being  the  words, 
''Free  Stamp,"  and  below, 
"20  for  §1,00."  Herewith  is  given  this  stamp, 
from  the  engraving  then  used.  This  branch  of 
their  business  started  out  quite  auspiciously, 
meeting  with  popular  favor,  and  largely  for  the 
reason  that  letters  were  carried  for  five  and  15, 
whei-e  the  Government  charged  10  to  25  cents. 
But  this  enterprise  was  soon  seriously  embar- 
rassed by  a  largo  number  of  suits  brought  by 
the  (iovernment,  for  alleged  violations  of  postal 
laws,  in  carrying  mail  matter  outside  the  Gov- 
ernment mails.  In  all  these  suits,  however,  the 
Courts  decided  in  favor  of  the  Express  line, 
which,  however,  was  subjected  to  heavy  costs 
in  defense. 

In  July,  1844,  appeared  in  the  Toledo  Blade 
^n  ftdvortisprpont,  Jieadpcl  "  I^qw  Post  Offjce— 


Postage  TJeduced."  Then  folIf)wed  announce- 
ment that  "Pomeroy's  Daily  Letter  Ex]iress 
having  been  extended  to  this  place,  is  now  pre- 
]iared  to  carrj'  letters  at  the  following  rates." 
The  rate  from  Toledo  to  Detroit  and  all  Jjako 
]ioints,  Buffalo  included,  was  (1|  cents;  to  Ba- 
tavia, Albany  and  New  York,  12J,  cents;  to 
New  England  points  and  Philadi'ljihia,  18^^ 
cents.  Ten  12^  or  20  U|  cent  stamps  were  sold 
at  $1.00.  Jisthenin  the  case  of  the  United 
States  mails,  each  ])iece  of  paper  enclosed  in  a 
letter  was  subjected  to  charge  at  the  full  rate. 
The  "  New  Post  Office  "  was  at  the  Drug  Store 
of  A.  Ealston  &  Co.,  "No.  1,  Mott's  Jilock," 
Southea.st  corner  of  Summitand  MonrocStreets. 
The  Blade  frequently  acknowledged  its  obliga- 
tion to  Pomeroy's  Express  for  favors  in  the 
way  of  news  items  and  advance  copies  of  East- 
ern newspapers.  Thus,  that  ])aper  of  June  2, 
1842,  acknowledged  receipt  per  Pomeroy's  Ex- 
jiress  of  New  York  papei'sof  May  27th — "only 
five  dajs."  The  trip-sheet  of  this  line  was  fre- 
quently the  mediuni  through  which  w-as  re- 
ceived the  first  intelligenceofimportantevents, 
and  especially  of  foreign  news. 

In  184(1,  Livingston,  Fargo  &  Co.  established 
an  Express  between  Buffalo  and  Chicago, 
Field  &  King  acting  as  Agents  at  Toledo.  Dui-- 
ing  the  Summer  their  business  was  done  on 
Steamers,  and  by  Wagons  in  Winter.  This 
Company  continued  in  operation  until  the  or- 
ganization of  the  American  Express  Company 
in  1851.  Charles  Fargo  was  Toledo  Agent  un- 
til 1855,  when  the  United  States  Company  was 
organized,  as  the  successor  of  the  American. 
Mr.  Fargo  continued  as  local  Agent  until  Jan- 
uary, 1855,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Calvin 
Cone,  who  served  until  Jul}'  1,  1856,  and  then 
was  appointed  Superintendent  of  the  Company's 
line  at  and  West  of  Toledo.  Edward  Chapin 
was  Mr.  Cone's  succe.ssor  as  Toledo  Agent,  and 
still,  near  the  end  of  32  years  of  service,  re- 
mains such,  now  acting  also  as  Agent  of  the 
Baltimore  and  Ohio  and  the  Pacific  Express 
Companies. 

Mr.  Cone  continued  as  Superintendent  until 
1887.  He  entered  the  Express  business  in 
1851,  in  an  independent  way,  by  making  per- 
sonal trips  over  the  Railroad  Ijctween  Sandusky 
and  Newark,  combining  with  it  limited  traffic 
in  family  supplies. 

The  other  Express  lines  having  Stations  at 
Toledo  in  1888,  are  the  American  and  the 
Adams,  Henry  B.  Pomeroy,  Agent ;  and  the 
Erie,  C.  M.  Haj'deu,  Agent. 

Express  rate  between  Toledo  and  New  York, 
in  Ma}-,  1846,  per  100  pounds,  was  S2.00  ;  from 
Chicago  to  New  York,  83.00.  The  present 
chai-ges  are — $2.00  and  82.50,  respectively. 

In  February,  1848,  "Avery's  Toledo  and 
Adrian  P^xpress,"  Edwin  Avery,  Proprietor  and 
Messenger,  began  business,  over  the   old    Erie 

find  Kfvlamaaoo  Rnilroivd. 


830 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


George  E.  Pomeroy  was  born  in  North- 
iimiitoii,  Massachusetts,  September  16,  1807, 
and  died  at  Toledo,  January  12, 18815.  In  child- 
hood lie  wont  to  Auburn,  New  York,  where,  in 
1820,  he  became  a  Clerk  in  a  Drug  Store.  In 
1830,  he  removed  to  Palmyra,  New  York,  being 
in  business  there  for  several  years,  and  in  1888 
was  there  married  with  Miss  Helen  E.  llobin- 
son.  In  1835  they  came  to  the  West,  settling 
at  Palmj-ra,  Michigan,  where  Mr.  Pomeroy  en- 
gaged in  milling  and  hotel-keeping.  In  con- 
sequence of  ill-health,  they  returned  to  the 
East,  stopping  at  Albany.  It  was  soon  after 
his  arrival  in  that  City,  that  Mr.  Pomeroy 
jilanned  and  inaugurated  the  Express  venture, 
already  referred  to.  In  1844,  disposing  of  his 
interest  in  the  Express  business  to  his  brother 
(Thaddeus  Pomeroy),  Mr.  Pomeroy  returned 
to  the  West,  and  settled  at  Clinton,  Michigan, 
where  he  was  in  business  for  a  time,  when  he 
established  the  Detroit  Tribune,  retaining  his 
residence  at  Clinton.  The  newspaper  venture 
not  proving  a  success,  he  disposed  of  the  paper. 
In  1868,  he  came  to  Toledo,  and  engaged  in 
real  estate  business,  bis  son,  George  E.,  Jr.,  ere 
long  becoming  a  partner,  and  the  firm  of  George 
E.  Pomeroy  &  Son  continuing  until  the  death 
of  its  senior.  Beside  his  wife,  Mr.  Pomeroy 
left  four  children — Mrs.  Joseph  Ennis,  of  Hast- 
ings, Minnesota;  and  Marie  Louise,  George  E. 
and  Mary,  of  Toledo. 

TIMOTHY  P.  HART  was  born  at  Alexander, 
Gene.see  County,  New  York,  January  20,  1820. 
He  is  a  son  of  Cyrus  and  Elizabeth  (Hartcr) 
Hart.  His  father  was  a  miller  and  a  man  of 
moderate  means  ;  but  through  hard  labor  and 
strict  economy,  he  was  enabled  to  rear  seven 
children  to  respectability  and  usefulness.  Until 
his  15th  year,  the  son  assisted  his  father  in  the 
mill,  meantime,  lor  jiortions  of  the  year,  at- 
tending the  District  School.  In  1835,  he  de- 
termined to  set  out  on  life's  voj'age,  and  secured 
the  position  of  Driver  on  the  Erie  Canal,  which 
he  followed  for  five  years.  In  1840,  he  was 
appointed  Agent  for  the  Albany  and  Buffalo 
Towing  Company  at  Lock])ort,  having  charge 
of  Canal-Drivers.  Two  years  later  he  was 
stationed  at  Newville,  Oneida  County.  In  1844 
he  entered  the  employ  of  A.  E.  Cobb  &  Co.,  at 
Mohawk, Herkimer  Count}-,  where  he  remained 
for  10  years.  Upon  the  organization  of  the 
United  States  Express  Company,  in  1854,  he 
entered  its  employ  as  Messenger  on  the  Pock 
Island  Railroad,  and  in  1855  was  sent  to  To- 
ledo. There  he  became  Transfer  Agent  for  the 
Company,  which  position  he  held  until  June, 
1883,  a  period  of  28  years.  Such  has  been  the 
success  of  his  service,  that  he  was  then  retired 
bj^  the  Company  from  active  labors,  on  a  life- 
salary,  in  recognition  of  his  long  and  faithful 
discharge  of  duty.  So7no  years  since,  Mr.  Hart 
was'chiefly  instrumental  in  ferreting  out  and 
defeating  an  attempted  robbery  of  an  Express 


Messenger  of  a  large  amount  of  money,  in  doing 
which  he  displayed  special  sagacity  and  iidolity. 
The  discovery  of  the  plot  and  arrest  of  the 
would-be  robbers  were  made  quite  prominent 
at  the  time.  During  the  long  period  of  Mr. 
Hart's  connection  with  the  Express  Company 
at  Toledo,  that  species  of  transportation  passed 
through  many  and  important  changes.  His 
chief  hold  upon  his  employer  consisted  of  his 
known  integrity  and  industry,  and  his  con- 
scientious adherence  to  convictions  as  to  duty  ; 
which  qualities  were  no  less  effective  in  com- 
manding the  confidence  of  all  with  whom  he 
came  in  contact.  Politically,  he  has  always 
been  a  Democrat,  his  action  in  that  connection 
being  limited  to  the  exercise  of  the  right  of 
the  ballot,  ho  being  content  to  live  in  the  quiet 
enjoyment  of  a  law-abiding  and  law-sustaining 
citizen.  He  was  married  June  4,  1845,  with 
Harriet  Minerva  Vurch,  who  died  December 
2,  1876. 

ST.  STEPHEN'S  EVAXGELICAL  LUTHERAN 
CHURCH. 

Early  in  the  Summer  of  1881,  a  committee  of 
Clergymen  of  the  Evangelical  Lutheran  District 
Synod  of  Ohio,  canvassed  the  large  Ijulherau 
(mostly  foreign  Gei-man)  ])o])ulation  of  Toledo, 
with  a  view  of  establishing  an  English  congre- 
gation. A  Sundaj^-school  was  organized  Juno 
ioth,  by  Rev.  S.  L.  Ilarkey,  D.D.,  with  C.  M. 
Anderson  as  Superintendent,  and  during  Au- 
gust Rev.  J.  L.  Smith  took  charge  of  the  work. 
On  October  Kith  the  people  elcctotl  Rev.  R.  K. 
McDaniel  Pastor,  who  commenced  preaching 
October  30th. 

On  November  20th  the  congregation  organ- 
ized under  the  name  of  The  Eirst  Etiglish 
Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  of  Toledo,  an<l 
adopted  the  constitution  recommended  lor 
congregations  by  the  General  Council  of  the 
Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  of  North  Amer- 
ica. The  first  Church  officers  elected  were: 
Deacons,  C.  M.  Andorsson,  C.  Feilbach,  T. 
Hoist  and  D.  Hartman ;  Trustees.  C.  M.An- 
derson, C.  Feilbach,  C.  Ephart,  E.  Winbergand 
D.  Hartsman. 

The  Pastor  resisincd  in  August,  1882,  and  on 
Christmas  following  Rev.  S.  L.  Uarkey,  D.l>., 
was  elected.  The  next  j-ear  a  house  of  worshii) 
was  erected  on  the  corner  of  Harrison  and 
Oliver  Streets,  and  wai  dedicated  January  6, 
1884.  In  September,  1887,  Rev.  Dr.  Ilarkcy 
resigned  as  Pastor  on  account  of  ill  health, 
when  Rev.  James  F.  Beates  was  elected.  In 
January,  1888,  the  society-  was  reorganized  as 
The  St.  Stephen's  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church 
of  Toledo.  It  now  lias  96  members,  with  a 
Sabbath-school  numbering  113.  The  present 
olficers  are  as  follows  :  Deacons,  H.  A.  Sehling- 
man,  W.  J.  Kinker,  M.  B.  Calhoun  and  J.  M. 
Krumm ;  Trustees,  C.  M.  Anderson,  W.  J. 
Kinker,  M.  B.  Calhoun,  J.  J.  Lloyd  and  J.  M. 
Krumm. 


APPENDIX. 


S31 


TOLEDO  INDUSTRIAL  SCHOOL. 

Ill  Toledo,  as  olscwliere,  it  was  early  foiiiul, 
that  with  most  ample  and  coniploto  educational 
facilities,  there  were  many  children,  who,  from 
different  causes,  were  unable  to  avail  them- 
selves of  such  advantages.  These  were  of 
]>arents  who,  from  extreme  poverty  or  indif- 
ference to  the  matter,  failed  to  send  their 
children  to  the  Public  Schools.  Many  such 
were  required  as  assistants  in  domestic 
labors  to  such  extent  as  to  prevent  attendance 
on  public  instruction  with  re([uisite  regularity; 
while  in  other  cases  the  necessary  books  or 
clothing  could  not  be  had. 

In  1875,  this  condition  of  things  had  become 
so  serious  as  to  force  itself  upon  the  minds  of 
many  ladies  of  the  Citj-.  Mrs.  Frederick 
Prentice  was  specially  impressed  by  the  matter, 
and  sat  about  meeting  the  demand  in  the  case. 
She  was  promptly  met  with  the  ready  co- 
operation of  several  ladies  who  fully  sympa- 
thized with  her,  and  the  result  was  the  organi- 
zation in  October,  1875,  of  the  Toledo  Industrial 
School.  The  plan  consisted,  in  brief,  of  fur- 
nishing to  children  such  as  named,  free  edu- 
cation, together  with  instruction  in  domestic 
industry,  including  house-work,  plain  sewing, 
etc.,  together  with  a  good  dinner  each  day.  A 
Kitchen  Garden  has  been  for  several  years  in 
successful  operation  under  the  personal  superin- 
tendence of  Misses  Pamela  Berdan  and  Dollie 
Waito,  in  which  the  girls  of  the  School  are 
taught  household  work. 

Beside  such  attention  to  the  children,  the 
families  to  which  they  belong  are  visited  from 
time  to  time,  by  ladies  connected  with  the 
Sehool,  for  the  purpose  of  learning  of  their  con- 
ditions and  wants,  and  securing  from  parents 
such  coojieration  as  maj'  be  practicable. 

Through  the  agency  of  the  Officers  of  this 
School,  homes  have  been  found  for  many  girls, 
and  some 20  incorrigible  girls  taken  to  the  State 
Girls'  School,  at  Delaware. 

The  School  is  supported  by  voluntary  con- 
tributions from  friends,  including  annual  col- 
lections at  different  Cit}'  Churches. 

The  School  is  located  on  Ontario  Street,  near 
Orange.  In  Ma}',  1888,  about  100  names  were 
enrolled  on  the  register  of  the  School,  with  an 
average  daily  attendance  of  35.  The  Matron 
at  that  time  was  Mrs.  N.  M.  Landis,  and  the 
Teacher  Miss  Lillio  Moonfiy.  The  officers  then 
were : 

President,  Mrs.  A.  M.  C.  Barnes. 

Vice  President,  Mrs.  Charles  Cochran. 

Secretary.  Mrs.  James  Secor. 

Trea.suror,  Mrs.  J.  N.  Stevens. 

Managers  —  Mesdames  Wra.  A.  Peach,  (i.  R. 
Haynes,  P.  F.  Berdan,  Thomas  Daniels,  S.  H.  Ber- 
gen. M.  Brigham,  AVm.  Walcott.  John  T.  Newton, 
Denison  Steele,  Warren  Colburn,  Wni.  B.  Taylor, 
C.  Parsons,  S.  B.  Wood,  D.  B.  Smith,  H.  E.  Marvin, 
George  Emerson,  E.  D.  Potter,  Sen.,  Frank  Trow- 
bridge, L.  H.  Bodman,  Henry  Turbush,  H.  B.  Po.me- 


roy,  Geo.  B.  Brown,  AVm.  J.  Walding,  T.  W.  Childs 
and  Miss  iNL  C.  Dickinson. 

Advisory  Board — Messrs.  Geo.  R.  Ilaynes,  S.  H. 
Keeler,  J.  C.  Price,  James  Secor,  J.  K.  Secor,  A.  L. 
Backus,  J.  R.  Oshorn,  R.  D.  Flinn,  G.  W.  Davis. 
J.  N.  Drummond,  S.  M.  Young. 

ST.  JOHN'S  ORPHAN  ASYLUM. 

August  6, 1860,  was  instituted  an  Orphans' 
Asylum,  under  the  auspices  of  the  (rcrman 
Lutheran  Church.  It  was  located  on  the  North 
side  of  Seaman  Street,  one  and  one-half  miles 
East  of  Cherry  Street  bridge,  Toledo.  It  com- 
prises 41  acres  of  land,  and  furnishes  accommo- 
dations for  40  children.  The  ftr.st  Superinten- 
dent was  Reverend  John  Doertler,  who  was 
succeeded  October  1,  18G0,  by  lleverend  Charles 
Beckel,  Pastor  of  St.  John's  Lutheran  Church, 
who  j'et  is  in  charge. 

THE  RETREAT  MISSION. 

In  June,  1883,  steps  were  taken  under  the 
auspices  of  the  Women's  Christian  Temperance 
Union,  looking  to  the  reform  of  fallen  girlsand 
the  promotion  of  moral  purity,  by  offering  a 
temporary  home  to  friendless  girls  who  might 
wisli  to  lead  a  virtuous  and  honorable  life,  and 
procuring  employment  for  such  when  they 
should  leave,  whereby  they  might  earn  an  hon- 
est living.  The  result  of  such  movement  was 
the  organization  of  the  Retreat  Mission  of  To- 
ledo. It  was  first  opened  in  a  small  house  on 
Broadway ;  but  laclc  of  requisite  accommoda- 
tions soon  made  a  change  of  location  necessary, 
when  the  Mission  was  removed  to  274  Indiana 
Avenue.  For  two  j-cars  it  was  sujiported 
wholly  by  voluntary  contriljutions.  At  the 
end  of  that  period,  the  Retreat  was  incor- 
porated, and  the  City  Council,  appreciating  the 
merit  and  importance  of  the  work,  set  apart 
three  acres  of  ground  as  a  site  for  permanent 
quarters — to  be  furnished.  For  current  ex- 
penses, certain  Police  Court  tines  were  appro- 
priated, to  which  were  subsequently  add(;d  like 
fines  assessed  in  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas. 
Of  80  inmates,  there  has  been  but  one  death  of 
an  adult  ;  and  but  four  of  50  infants.  The 
establishment  has  a  Matron,  whoso  fidelity  to 
her  delicate  charge  is  highly  appreciated  by 
managers  and  inmates  alike.  Many  girls 
have  gone  from  the  Mission,  who  are  now  fill- 
ing places  of  trust  and  leading  virtuous  lives. 
It  is  hoped  that  ere  long  more  adei|uale,  as  well 
as  more  permanent  quarters,  will  bo  secured. 

The  officers  of  the  Mission  for  1888,  arc: 
President,  Mrs.  Anna  B.  Potter;  Treasurer, 
Mrs.  Vincent  Hamilton  ;  Secretary,  Mrs.  M.  E. 
Hiett.  Advisory  Board — David  Eobison,  Jr., 
O.  S.  Bond,  J.  D.  Ford. 

The  Mission  is  under  the  Medical  care  of  the 
Board  of  Physicians  of  the  Medical  College  of 
Northwestern  Ohio. 


832 


UISTOUY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


HOME  FOK  THE  AGED. 

•Tunc  S,  1885,  was  organized  a  benevolent  in- 
pfitution,  under  the  care  of  the  Little  Sisters  of 
the  Poor.  It  is  located  at  the  corner  of  Front 
and  riatt  Streets,  East  Toledo.  Sister  Louisa 
of  St.  Ambrose  is  the  Superior,  and  has  charge 
of  the  Home.  At  this  time  {Uay,  1888)  it  eon- 
tains  28  aged  persons— male  and  female.  Si.K 
other  Sisters  are  connected  with  the  establish- 
ment. It  is  supported  b}-  voluntary  contribu- 
tions, and  is  open  to  the  needy,  without  regard 
to  creed  or  race.  It  is  expected  that  new  and 
more  adequate  quarters  will  be  provided  during 
the  current  j'ear. 

PROTESTANT  ORPHANS'  HOME. 

On  the  11th  Januaiy,  18G7,  a  meeting  of 
ladies  of  Toledo  was  held  at  the  residence  of 
Dr.  S.  H.  Bergen,  the  object  being  to  consider 
the  propriety  of  establishing  a  Home  for  the 
benefit  of  destitute  orphan  children  of  Toledo. 
It  having  been  resolved  to  enter  upon  such 
work,  14  ladies  were  selected  as  Managers,  and 
eight  gentlemen  as  Advisors.  The  ladies  were 
^Mesdames  M.  P.  Ewing,  M.  D.  Carrington, 
S.  H.  Camp,  E.  B.  Atherton,  T.  H.  Iloag,  Thos. 
Hamilton,  Robert  Cummings,  Geo.  Baker,  H. 
L.  Phelps,  Vincent  Hamilton  and  Almon  Hoj>- 
kins  ;  and  Miss  Cannie  Mott  and  Miss  Louise 
Kuper.  The  Advisors  were  M.  R.  Waite.  H.  S. 
Walbridge,  Wm.  Baker,  W.  C.  Earl,  S.  H.  Ber- 
gen, D.  i).  Mather,  Matthew  Brown  antl  Wm. 
(Juramings.  A  committee  of  Ladies  was  ap- 
pointed to  solicit  annual  or  life  memberships, 
or  other  donations  of  money.  At  a  subsequent 
meeting  the  following  ofticers  were  elected  from 
the  Ladies  chosen  as  Managers:  Mrs.  M.  P. 
Ewing,  President;  Mrs.  M.  D.  Carrington,  Vice 
President;  Mrs.  E.  B.  Atherton,  Secretary;  and 
Mrs.  S  H.  Camp,  Treasurer. 

The  Home  was  opened  April  22,  18G7,  in 
quarters  gratuitously  provided  by  Wm.  Baker, 
where  it  remained  until  November  following, 
when  it  was  removed  to  the  location  on  La- 
grangB  Street,  which  it  j'et  occupies,  and  where 
large  numbers  of  "  orphans,  half-oi'phans  and 
destitute  children  "  have  been  cared  for  and 
educated  for  life's  work.  While  the  institution 
has  been  designated  the  "  Protestant  Orphans' 
Home,"  it  has  ever  been  conducted  in  an  un- 
sectarian  spirit,  all  creeds  and  nationalities 
being  welcomed.  White  or  colored  children 
are  equally  provided  for. 

Among  the  officers  of  the  Home  have  been 
the  following  : 

President— Mrs.  M.  P.  Ewing,  1S67-69;  Mrs.  M.  D. 
Carrington,  1869-86  ;  Miss  Molt,  1887-88. 

Vice  President — Mrs.  Carrington,  1867-69;  Mrs. 
T.  H.  Hoag,  1869-71  ;  Mrs.  Geo.  E.  Ponieroy,  1871-72  ; 
Mrs.  J.  B.  Carson,  1872-74 ;  Mrs.  Wm.  Baker,  1874-82  ; 
Mrs.  C.  A.  King,  1882-88. 

Secretary— Mrs.  E.  B.  Atherton,  1807-71 ;  Mi.ss 
Lucy  Brown,  1871-72;  Miss  .1.  J.  Barker,  1872-74; 
Miss  Mott,  1874-87;  Mrs,  W.  H,  H.  Suiitli,  1887-88, 


Treasurer— Mrs.  S.  H.  Camp,  1867-71  ;  Miss  Mott, 
1871-72;  Mrs.  C.  K.  Mcssingcr,  1S72-.SS. 

Matrons— Miss  Kate  E.  Young,  Mi.ss  J.  K.  McMil- 
lan, Miss  J.  A.  MeConncH,  Mrs.  E.  B.  Wright,  and 
Jlrs.  Susan  F.  Bangs. 

The  Board  of  Managers  for  1887-88  were  as 
follows : 

Mesdames  C.  R.  ^Icssinger,  J.  K.  Secor,  J.  M. 
Gloyd,  C.  A.  King,  W.  II.  11.  Smith.  L.  S.  Bauni- 
garduer,  Harvey  P.  Piatt,  Henry  S.  VVaite,  J.  W.  Cum- 
mings, T.  C.  Rowland,  Rathljun  Fuller,  Barton  Sniitli, 
W.  C.  Chapman,  Jethro  Mitchell,  F.  B.  Shoemaker, 
J.  H.  Bowman,  and  Misses  Anna  C.  Mott  and  Pamela 
Berdan. 

Advisory  Board — William  Baker,  H.  S.  Walbridge, 
Ricliard  Mott,  Calvin  Bronson,  Fred.  Eaton,  C.  H. 
Buck.  Peter  F.  Berdan,  Charles  R.  Messinger,  Charles 
A.  King,  W.  S.  Brainard,  W.  W.  Williams,  John  J. 
Barker,  J.  K.  Secor,  W.  T.  Carrington. 

STREET   IMPROVEMENTS. 

The  topography  of  the  site  of  Toledo  was  not 
favorable  to  ready  and  economical  drainage 
and  improvement  of  its  Streets.  The  elevated 
hog's-back  or  ridge  extending  along  the  River 
from  Cherry  Street  to  Monroe,  constituted  a 
serious  obstacle  to  the  improvement  of  cross 
Streets,  while  making  that  of  Summit  specially 
expensive  for  much  of  the  distance  stated. 
In  the  first  place,  the  bluff  overlooking  the 
River,  made  necessary  tlie  immediate  construc- 
tion of  a  new  Street  along  that  stream,  as  the 
only  means  for  making  the  same  available  for 
commerce,  beyond  a  small  point  at  the  mouth 
of  Swan  Creek,  where  the  old  warehouse  was 
built  about  1817. 

The  first  step  in  Street  improvement  con- 
sisted in  the  grading  of  Summit  from  Perry 
East  to  about  Jefferson.  This  work  was  ex- 
tended in  subsequent  j'ears,  as  far  as  was 
deemed  necessary. 

In  1840,  as  elsewhere  stated,  a  sidewalk 
would  have  been  constructed  on  Monroe  Street, 
had  the  state  of  the  City  finances  been  such  as 
to  warrant  the  undertaking. 

The  first  action  for  the  provision  of  sidewalks, 
consisted  of  an  ordinance  passed  February  27, 
1841,  which  fixed  the  width  of  such  improve- 
ments as  follows:  On  Streets  six  rods  wide,  It) 
feet  in  width  ;  on  Streets  five  rods  wide,  14 
feet  in  width  ;  and  on  Streets  four  rods  in 
width,  12  feet  wide. 

The  first  sidewalks  built  in  Vistula  Division, 
were  provided  for  by  an  ordinance  passed  May 
7,  1844.  One  was  on  the  Easterly  side  of 
Cherry  from  Summit  to  Erie  Street,  4  feet 
wide  ;  and  from  Erie  street  to  the  Canal  bridge, 
3  feet  wide.  Walks  were  also  provided  for  on 
Erie,  Walnut,  Locust,  Lagrange  and  Huron — 
all  to  be  of  pine  plank  and  scantling,  the  former 
to  be  2  inches  thick. 

In  February,  1844,  the  Toledo  City  Council 
directed  the  following  improvements  to  be 
made:  Filling  in  with  earth  and  grading 
Water  Street  from  Adams  to  Monroe  Street; 


APPENDIX. 


S33 


for  grading  Summit  Street  from  Adams  to 
Monroe  ;  for  grading  Adams,  Madison  and  Jef- 
ferson Streets  from  their  intersection  with 
Water  Street  to  Summit;  for  graiiing  Jett'erson 
and  Madison  from  Summit  in  a  Xorlliwesterly 
direetiou;  for  grading  Clierry,  Loeust,  Walnut 
and  Elm  Streets.  Also,  for  Sidewalks,  as  fol- 
lows: On  the  Easterly  side  of  Cherrj'  Street 
from  Summit  to  the  Canal  bridge;  on  the 
Easterly  side  of  Walnut,  from  Summit  to 
Huron;  on  Easterlj'  side  of  Locust,  from  Sum- 
mit to  Michigan  ;  on  Easterly  side  of  Lagrange, 
from  Summit  to  lot  848,  Vistula  Division;  on 
AVesterly  side  of  Elm,  from  Summit  to  Erie; 
on  Northerly  side  of  Huron,  from  Chei'ry  to 
lot  582,  Vistula.  The  material  for  these  walks 
was  to  lie  oak,  jiinc  or  hemlock  ])lanks,  2  inches 
thick,  with  cross-walks  of  timber  and  o  lect 
wide. 

Maj'  8,  1844,  sidewalks  \Tere  provided  for  in 
Port  Lawrence  JJivision,  on  Perrj',  St.  Clair, 
Washington,  Monroe,  and  Jefferson  Streets;  to 
be  4  feet  wide  and  of  pine  plank  2  inelies 
thick. 

November  7,  1846,  the  City  Council,  bj-  ordi- 
nance, provided  for  planking  Summit  Street 
from  the  track  of  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo 
Uailroad  at  Perrj'  Street,  to  a  point  80  feet  be- 
yond Monroe  Street;  the  materials  to  be  pine 
])lanks  3  inclies  thick,  laid  on  white  oak  sills, 
0x8  inches ;  and  the  same  to  be  done  by  or  at 
the  expense  of  the  owners  of  the  adjoining 
jiropertj'.  This  action  not  being  effective,  the 
Council  in  April,  1847,  again  took  up  the 
matter,  and  provided  that  Summit  Street  North 
of  the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  Railroad,  from 
Perry  to  Chestnut  vStreet,  should  be  arched, 
ditched  and  leveled  ;  and  that  portion  between 
Perry  and  Jefferson  Streets  should  be  planked 
and  timbered  tlie  entire  width  between  gutters, 
the  plank  to  be  pine,  3  inches  thick  and  laid 
transversely  on  white  oak  or  black  walnut 
sills  6  inches  square.  From  Jefferson  to  Cher- 
ry Street  the  planking  was  to  be  1(3  feet  wide 
in  the  center  of  the  Street;  and  from  Cherry  to 
Chestnut  Street,  24  feet  in  the  center.  Cross- 
walks were  provided  fur  at  the  several  Streets 
crossing  Summit. 

The  second  Street  improved  was  Monroe, 
under  an  ordinance  passed  June  1,  1847.  The 
improvement  consisted  of  grading,  arching  and 
ditching  that  Street  from  Summit  to  the  Canal. 
This  work  was  delayed  for  some  .years,  requir 
ing  repeated  action  by  the  Council. 

In  April,  1848,  David  Crane,  Street  Com- 
missioner, solicited  proposals  for  the  construc- 
tion of  sidewalks  and  crosswalks,  where  tionc 
had  theretofore  existed,  as  follows:  Northerly- 
side  of  Adams  Street,  from  Summit  to  Water; 
Southerly  side  of  Monroe,  from  St.  Clair  to 
"Northwest  corner  of  brick  block  on  lot  No. 
2,  Port  Lawrence,  known  as  Daniels  A 
Goettell's  block;  "  Southerlj'  side  of  Jett'erson, 
from  Summit  to  St.  Clair;  on  tho  J^orthcrly 


side  of  Adams,  from  Summit  to  St.  Clair; 
Westerly  side  of  Cherry,  from  Krie  to  Summit ; 
and  on  Southerly  side  of  Superior,  from  liocust 
to  center  of  lot  397,  Vistula.  Also,  crosswalk 
on  Adams,  in  (I'ont  of  the  Engine-house,  8  feet 
wide;  and  so  much  of  the  Sidewalk  as  re- 
mained unfinished  on  Northerly  side  of  Sum- 
mit, between  Mulberr}-  Street  and  lot  300,  A'is- 
tula. 

June  21,  1851,  ]irovision  was  made  for  plank- 
ing Summit  Street  from  Jefferson  to  Adams 
the  entire  width,  and  from  Adams  to  Cherry 
24  feet  wide.  Septemlier  17,  1851,  the  plank- 
ing between  Madison  and  Cherry'  was  indefi- 
nitely postponed. 

What  was  the  condition  of  the  Streets  of  To- 
ledo, asthe  result  of  the  "  improvements  "  made 
in  them  to  that  time,  is  indicated  by  a  ])oetieal 
contrilmtion  to  the  Blade,  in  December,  1852. 
It  is  as  follows  : 

SUMMIT  STREHT. 

O'er  Summit  Strpet  where'er  I  t-apt  my  eyes. 

What  curinus  thonshts  alonp  my  ileuses  ('reci>. 

Napoleon  crossed  the  Alps.    His  high  emprise 

Won  liim  a  deathless  name  ;  but  not  a  steep 

Of  all  the  peaks  he  crossed,  so  hard  to  ris-^ 

As  Summit  Street,  beneath  whose  lo\ve.st  deep 

There  is  a  depth  no  mortal  ever  scanned. 

A  gloomy  deep  of  mud,  devoid  of  sand  ; — 

A  depth  eternal,  gloomy,  dark,  profound. 

Swimming  witli  plank  loose  on  its  surface  cast : 
Bordered  with  side-walks  on  the  slippery  ground, 
Beneath  o'erhan^ring  banks,  both  huge  and  vast. 
With  gullies  traversed  and  thin  herbage  crowned  : 
AVith  crossings  poorly  laid  in  mud  so  fast. 
That  to  Passover,  one  must  careful  go. 
And  pick  his  slippery  way  on  high  tip-toe. 

Pedestrians  along  this  treacherous  plank. 
Meet  with  disjisters  of  no  common  kind. 
Men  low  of  birth,  and  even  men  of  rank- 
Women  and  girls,  anri  ladies  most  retined, 
Into  thi-  yii'ldim,'  real  estate  have  sank, 
And  slipped  and  fell,  before,  and,  aye,  behind  ; 
And  risen  dripping  \\ith  tlie  moistened  clay. 
To  hasten  homeward  in  the  broad  mid-day. 

I  saw  a  man— a  gentleman,  of  course— 

Essav  the  crossing  where  the  School-House  stands,^-' 
Whenmid-seas  o'er,  he  fell  with  all  his  force. 
Plunged  to  his  elbows  in  the  mud  his  hands  ; 
Then  rose  to  his  knees,  and  swore  till  he  was  hoarse. 
That  he  would  seek  a  home  in  other  lands. 
In  climes  and  Towns  beyond  the  Ocean's  flooil. 
Where  were  m(jre  stone  pavements  and  less  mud. 

I  saw  a  ladv— she  is  nameless  here- 

.Slip  from'  the  walk,  near  Granger's  Clothing  Store, t 
Sinking,  she  cried;  a  person  happ'ning  near, 
Seized  her  fair  hand  and  lifted  her  ashore. 
Witti  spiteful  gesture,  she  exclaimed,  "  Oh,  dear  1 
I  never  will  wear  rubbers  any  more  : 
So  treacherous  are  they  to  my  clnmsy  feet : 
Some  day  1  shall  be  drowned  on  Summit  StrcBt." 

I  saw  a  horse— a  man  sat  on  his  back- 
He  was  a  noble  animal  to  view  : 
(The  horse,  I  mean;.    He  took  the  right-hand  track, 

.\nd  tried  with  moderate  speed  to  worry  through 
From  Kingsbury'st  np  to  Monroe  Street.    Alack  I 
He  broke  so  often,  that  he  lost  a  shoe  ; 
Then  stumbling,  threw  his  rider  o'er  his  head. 
The  people  picked  that  rider  up  "  lor  dead." 

I  -saw  a  btiggv- lady,  lord  and  child 

Sat  'ueath  its  top— the  horse  moved  slow— 
The  man  was  talking  to  his  wife— he  smileil. 

And  she  responded  in  a  voice  so  low 
I  could  not  hear  it ;  but  in  accenl.s  wild. 
At  top  of  lungs,  the  man  cried  out,  "  A-whoa  !  " 
Which  stopped  the  horse;  and,  tell  the  cause  I  must, 
A  forward  tire  from  oll'the  wheel  had  "  bust." 

I  saw  two  Cents,  and  Ladies  passing  down 
From  Cherry  (V)rner,    Arm-in-arm  they  walk'tl. 

To  .see,  as  1  suppose,  tlie  "  Lower  Town  ;" 
Aud  fts  they  went,  all  lovingly  they  talk'd. 


834 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


One  of  the  fients.  tell  back,  ami  hit  his  erown 
A  fearful  blow.    Thus  was  their  purpose  haulked. 
The  I.adv  likewise  slipped ;  but,  falling,  sought 
To  save  herself,  and  th'other  Gent,  her  caught. 

Palirs  CoMcripti !    Take  this  case,  I  pray, 
Backed  by  disaster  of  suih  fearful  kind  ; 
Revolve  itsmerits,  as  they  day  by  day 

Are  seen  by  all,  except  the  rfr//  Ijliud. 
Will  you  not  'jirove  this  worst  most  needed  way, 
Au(i  leave  a  monument  yourselves  behind. 
Of  which  you  all  may  say,  and  not  amiss, 
"  Exegl  vihmnnentnin  [;ere]  iterennin!'' 
("I  have'builded  a  mouumeut  more  durable  than  brass.") 

•  No.  204  (old)  Summit  .Street,  near  Adams. 

1 14.5  (old)  .Summit  Street. 

i  Kingsbury  House,  3J0  (old)  Summit  Street. 

The  work  of  Street  improvement  was  slow 
and  limited  for  many  years,  a  fact  due  chiefly 
to  the  limited  resources  of  the  people.  The 
plankinc;  of  Summit  Street  was  a  venture  of 
no  small  magnitude,  for  40  years  ago;  and  it 
probably  would  not  have  been  undertaken,  but 
for  the  peculiar  nature  of  the  ground  constitu- 
ting that  Street.  The  bed  of  clay  resulting 
I'rom  grading,  was  such  as  to  make  the  Street 
imjiassalile  during  large  jiortions  of  the  year. 
Tiie  plan  of  planking  was  no  doubt  materially 
jiroinotcd  by  the  confidence  in  the  permanence 
of  that  style  of  improvement,  then  so  common 
at  the  West. 

No  real  substantial  relief  in  this  direction 
was  secured  until  1853,  when  Summit  Street 
was  paved  with  bowlders,  from  Jefterson  to 
Cherry,  and  finally  extended  to  Elm  Street. 
This  was  an  advance  both  valuable  and  endur- 
ing. With  repairs  it  was  continued  in  use  for 
over  30  years,  and  until  succeeded  in  1885,  by 
the  present  excellent  jiavement  of  Medina 
stone. 

For  some  13  years  there  was  no  pavement 
made  in  the  Cit3',  except  of  bowlders.  In  IStiO, 
the  Nicholson  plan  of  imjirovcmeiit  was  fir.st 
introduced  hei-e,  when  Superior  Street,  (rom 
Monroe  to  Elm,  the  latter  to  Summit,  and 
thence  to  the  City  line,  were  jiaved  with  blocks 
of  pine.  Madison  and  other  Streets  about  the 
siime  time,  were  improved  in  the  same  way. 
The  results  of  such  work  were  by  no  means  sat- 
isfactory, but  this  fact  was  largely  due  to  the 
improper  execution  of  the  work  and  to  the 
condition  of  the  blocks  used.  The  pavement, 
much  sooner  than  was  expected,  rotted  and  be- 
came worse  than  worthless.  The  blocks  were 
found  to  have  rotted,  largely  from  lack  of  ilrain- 
age.  The  boards  on  which  the  blocks  were 
laid  were  suiisequently  found  to  be  in  good  con- 
dition, as  the  latter  probably  would  have  been, 
had  proper  provision  been  made  for  drainage. 

It  would  bo  neither  ])racticable  or  profitable, 
hereto  follow,  in  detail,  the  various  steps  taken 
ior  the  improvement  of  the  public  thoroughfai-cs 
ot  the  City.  It  will  be  suflncient  to  give,  in 
brief,  the  extent  and  descriptioibs  of  imjirove- 
monts  made,  and  to  state  that  the  energj-  and 
enlightened  liberality  of  the  people  as  therein 
shown,  will  compare  favorably  with  like  action 
in  other  Cities. 

The    extent  and    kinds    of   Street   improve- 


ments in  Toledo  to  December  31,  1887, 
follows ; 


were  as 


Total  No.  Miles  Monclova  Stone  Pavement...  .70 

''  '■  "      Bowlder  Stone  Pavement 4.27 

"  "  "      Macadamizing 9..'U 

"  "  "      Medina  Stone  Pavement 11. .S4 

"  "  "      l^irae.stone  Pavement .44 

"  "  "      White  Cedar  Pavement (i.S.'j 

"  "  "      Ked  Cedar  Pavement ].'21 

"  "  "      Asphalt  Pavement 2.U0 

"  "  "      Plank  Roads 20.(i7 


Improved  Streets  in  City 57.32 

The  area  of  Toledo  is  as  follows: 

Northwest  of  Maumee  River 15.3  square  miles. 

Southeast  of  Same 6.2      "  " 

Total  Square  Miles 21.5 

Miles  of  Street  in  the  City 270 

No.  Hijrhwav  Bridges Fixed,  20    Swing,  10 

"    Railroad         "       "        16         "  6 


Total  Bridges 36 


BRIDGES. 


16 


The  first  Bridge  constructed  within  the  pres- 
ent limits  of  Toledo,  was  built  by  Joseph 
Prentice,  previous  to  1823,  and  crossed  Swan 
Creek  at  or  near  where  Superior  Street  now 
runs.  It  was  made  of  logs  placed  on  piles 
driven  into  the  ground.  The  Bridge  was  car- 
ried away  lij'  ice  in  1836,  and  was  succeeded  by 
a  Ferry.  Subsequently  a  Bridge  was  constructed 
across  Swan  Creek  at  or  near  St.  Clair  Street, 
where  one  has  continued  to  be  maintained. 

A]iril  18,  183'J,  the  Citj'  Council  passed  an 
ordinance  for  the  construction  of  a  Bridge 
across  Swan  Creek.  It  provided  that  the  Mayor 
and  Street  Commissioner  should  receive  dona- 
tions and  appropriations  from  citizens  and  from 
the  County  Commissioners  for  l)uilding  a  Bridge 
across  Swan  Creek  at  some  convenient  point  at 
the  termination  of  some  public  thoroughfare; 
provided,  the  same  should  not  cost  more  than 
$1,200,  nor  the  City  more  than  $600,  and  to  be 
comjjleted  by  April  1,  1840.  It  seems  that  this 
jilan  did  not  succeed,  owing  to  a  lack  of  ilona- 
tions,  when  the  Council,  in  May,  1840,  author- 
ized the  Street  Commissioner  to  contract  for  a 
Bridije,  not  to  cost  more  than  $600,  one-half  to 
bo  paid  in  cash,  dui-ing  the  i>rogress  of  the 
work,  and  the  balance  in  City  orders  on  the 
comjiletion  of  the  job.  The  Bridge  thus  jiro- 
vided  for  was  to  cross  Swan  Creek  at  Huron 
Street.  Not  finding  a  contractor  at  the  price 
named,  the  Council  authorized  the  payment  of 
$700  tor  the  job,  toward  which  the  County 
Commissioners  a]iproiiriated  $300. 

A  Bridge  over  Swan  Creek  at  Perrj-  Street, 
was  built  at  an  early  date,  and  with  several  re- 
newals, has  been  maintained  since  that  time. 
ITpon  the  location  of  the  Union  Paili'oad  Depot 
on  the  Middle  Grounds,  the  Cleveland  and  To- 
ledo (now  Lake  Shore)  liailroad  Company  con- 
structed at  that  point  a  more  adequate  crossing 


APPENDIX. 


835 


tlican  had  jiroviously  existed,  and  for  many 
years  maintained  the  same  at  its  own  expense. 
Finally  tliat  t]ioi'Ou<!;hfare  came  to  be  of  too 
general  importance  to  be  controlled  b\'onc  cor- 
poration, and  the  City  assumed  charge  of  it, 
which  it  has  held  to  this  time. 

In  the  course  of  time,  vvith  the  increase  in 
jiopulalion  on  both  sides  of  the  lliver  within 
the  City,  and  the  growing  trade  of  farmers  East 
of  the  City,  came  an  increasing  sense  of  need  of 
more  adequate  and  more  reliable  facilities  for 
intercommunication.  This  was  felt  more  deeply 
by  the  people  on  the  East  side,  who  were  se 
riousl)^  inconvenienced  and  hamjiered  by  the 
lack  of  ready  means  for  crossing.  Finally,  a 
])roposition  was  made  for  the  construction  of  a 
Bridge,  and  a  stock  Company  organized  for 
that  purpose,  the  foot  of  Cheri-y  Street  being 
selected  for  the  Western  terminus. 

To  this  proposition  there  was  much  o]))iosi- 
tion,  based  chiefly  on  the  assumed  injury  which 
a  Bridge  would  cause  as  an  obstruction  to  the 
use  of  the  Eiver  for  navigation.  This  view  was 
accepted  with  much  unanimity  by  those  directly 
interested  in  the  commerce  of  the  City.  At  a 
meeting  of  the  Board  of  Trade  February  l(j, 
18(14,  Harry  Chase,  President,  in  the  chair, 
with  Carlos  Colton  Secretary,  that  body 
adopted  resolutions  strongly  protesting  against 
the  proposed  Bridge,  on  the  ground  that  it  was 
not  "  demanded  by  the  interests  of  the  Town 
or  country  ;  fraught  with  great  danger  to  the 
safe  and  easy  navigation  of  the  River;  embar- 
rassing to  the  commercial  ])rosperity  of  the 
City;  and  likely  to  imperil  the  extensive  and 
valuable  depots,  freight  buildings,  grain  eleva- 
tors and  warehouses,  which  had  been  erected 
at  great  cost  by  J'aihvay  (!imipanios  and  busi- 
ness men  along  the  banks  of  the  Eiver,  above 
the  point  of  said  projiosed  Bridge."  The  Board 
of  Public  Works  iiaving  granted  permission  of 
the  State  for  such  Bridge,  the  Toledo  Board  of 
Trade  joined  in  a  protest  against  such  action, 
which  had  been  pi'oparcd  and  signed  by  the 
Executive  ofticers  of  the  Michigan  Southern, 
the  Dayton  and  Michigan,  the  Cincinnati, 
Hamilton  and  Dayton,  and  the  Toledo  and  Wa- 
bash Railways;  the  local  Agents  of  the  several 
Transportation  lines  ;  and  30  jirominent  firms 
and  Inisiness  men.  This  protest  cited,  with 
considerable  detail,  the  heavy  investments 
nnule  by  IJailways  and  others,  with  a  view  to 
the  safe  and  practicable  use  of  the  Iviver  for 
harbor  i)uri)oses,  referring  to  the  success  at- 
tained in  the  large  cominerce  then  existing; 
and  then  went  on  to  say  : 

"  That  such  a  Bri(lj;e  will  prove  to  lie  an  obstruc- 
tion to  the  navijiation  of  the  Kiver,  there  is  no  denial. 
*  *  The  location  of  a  Bridge  at  tlie  jmint  naiiicil 
must  tend  to  the  formation  of  banks  and  bars  in  the 
stream,"  as  all  experience  had  sliown.  The  memorial 
proposed  that  if  a  bridge  be  constructed  it  ))e  above 
the  Lake  Sliore  Railroad  Bridge.  But  on  no  ac- 
count could  the  signers  consent  to  a  Bridge  to  cause 
"  the   evils  whicli  the  partial  obstruction  of  a  stream 


would  create  so  constantly  navigated  as  tlie  Jlaunice 
was  at  Toledo." 

The  issue  thus  raised  became  an  exciting 
one,  eidisting,  pro  and  con.,  nearly  all  classes  of 
citizens.  In  the  discussion,  the  Press  took  part. 
The  Blade,  not  foreseeing  the  serious  tlamagc 
to  navigation  predicted  by  others,  from  the 
first  advocated  the  early  construction  of  a 
Bridge,  at  some  point— at  Cherry  Street,  if 
parties  were  not  ready  to  provide  one  else- 
where. As  the  ground  for  such  position,  that 
paper  said,  that  "  while  Commerce  will  con- 
tinue to  be  a  leading  interest  with  us.  Manu- 
factures and  Petail  Trade  must  be  de])ende<l  on 
to  build  up  the  City  in  jiopulation  and  wealth  ; 
and  to  promote  these,  it  is  highly  im])or(ant 
that  the  rich  countrj'  East  of  us  should  be  im- 
proved and  its  increasing  traffic  brought  here, 
Avhere  it  justly  belongs,  and  where  it  will 
come,  if  properly  encouraged." 

The  matter  was  continued  under  discussion 
for  several  months,  and  until  the  Bridge  Com- 
panj'  was  ready  to  begin  operations  for  the 
construction  of  the  proposed  Bridge.  Finally, 
the  matter  settled  down  to  a  condition  of  pub- 
lic acquiescence  in  such  result.  The  first  elec- 
tion of  officers  for  the  Conii)any  took  ]dace 
August  1,  18G4,  the  following  being  chosen; 
President,  Jesse  S.  Norton  ;  Secretar}-,  Harvey 
P.  Piatt;  Treasurer,  Darwin  E.  Gardner. 
Edward  P.  Bassett  and  Oscar  White,  were  also 
Directors.  The  stock  of  the  Company  had 
then  all  been  taken.  Soon  after  this  organiza- 
tion, the  plan  for  the  Bridge  was  prepared  and 
adopted.  The  contract  (or  construction  was 
let  to  McNary,  Claffin  &  Co.,  of  Cleveland. 

Work  under  the  contract  was  commenced  in 
Fcbruarj-,  1865,  and  the  Bridge  completed  in 
the  Fall  following.  The  imjirovemcnt,  as  ex- 
pected by  the  lai-ger  ])ortion  of  citizens,  ]iroved 
a  most  important  aid  to  intercommunication, 
and  thus  benefited  residents  on  both  sides  of 
the  Piver.  The  predictions  so  contidcnlly 
made  as  to  the  injury  it  would  cause  to  com- 
merce, by  obstructing  navigation,  were  never 
justified  in  results,  since  no  trouble  worthy  of 
mention  ever  was  caused  by  the  Bridge — 
water-crafts'of  all  sorts  passing  without  harm 
or  material  delay. 

The  Bridge  was  maintained  and  operated  by 
the  Company,  until  1872.  June  20th,  that 
j-ear,  the  City  Council  ]n-ovided  for  the  pur- 
chase of  the  same  by  the  issue  of  7  i)er  cent, 
bonds  to  theamount  of  $112,00(1,  payable  with- 
in 10  years.  At  the  instance  of  several  jii'omi- 
nciit  citizens,  the  Court  enjoined  ])rocee<lings 
under  this  ordinance.  A  commission  of  ex- 
])erts,  appointed  bj-  the  Citv  Council,  had  re- 
])orted  tlie  total  value  of  the  Bridge,  approaches 
included,  at  881,000.  Subsequently,  another 
ordinance  was  passed,  pi'oviding  for  the  pur- 
chase at  $100,000,  in  20-year  bonds  at  8  per 
cent,  interest — equal  to  8120,000  in  7  per  cent, 
bonds.     At   this   rate   the    purchase  was  con- 


836 


llL'ironY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LDCAS  COUNTY. 


cludcil,  and  the  Eriilgo  bccanu'  the  proiiurly  of 
tlie  City, and  continued  sueli  until  destroyed  by 
ice  in  tlio  AVinter  of  1882-3.  The  present  iron 
Bridge  was  comiilctcd  in  1884.  It  is  a  substan- 
tial structure,  with  promise  of  long  service. 
The  result  of  its  construction  has  been  greatly 
to  promote  intercourse  and  trade  between  the 
two  sides  of  tiie  IJiver  within  the  City,  while 
materially  aiding  trade  with  agricultural  sec- 
tions in  all  directions  East  of  the  Kiver. 

Earnest  discussion  has  repeatedly  taken 
])lace  with  reference  to  the  construction  of  a 
ircc  Bridge  over  the  River  from  the  Fifth 
Ward  of  the  City  and  above  the  Lake  Shore 
rtailroad  Bridge.  No  action  in  that  direction 
has  ever  been  taken. 

The  only  means  for  crossing  the  Hi  ver  in  the 
City  by  teams,  other  than  at  Cherry  Street,  is 
now  furnished  in  connection  with  the  Wheel- 
ing and  Lake  Erie  Railroad  Bridge,  in  North 
Toledo  (late  Manhattan),  which  may  be  used 
for  such  purjiose  between  trains,  at  stipulated 
rates. 

The  first  Bridge  over  the  Canal  and  within 
the  City  limits,  was  over  Adams  Street,  anl 
was  provided  for  by  ordinance  of  November  7, 
lS4(i,  which  extended  that  Street  from  Su|)e- 
rior  Street  to  the  Territorial  Road,  leading 
from  Monroe  Street  to  Tremainesville.  The 
next  Canal  Bridge  was  built  on  Monroe  Street, 
under  an  ordinance  passed  July  9, 1847.  Sub- 
sequently, others  were-  built  over  Cherry, 
Washington,  ]\[adison,  and  Lafayette  ;  and  still 
later,  at  other  Streets. 

FERRIE.S. 

The  first  licensed  Ferry  over  the  River  at 
Toledo,  was  that  of  Alva  D.  Wilki.son,  whoso 
permit  was  granted  by  the  Cotirt  of  Common 
Pleas  in  April,  1836.  The  Ferry  crossed  from 
opposite  the  Toledo  House,  between  Cherr^- 
and  Walnut  Streets.  Tlie  rates  of  ferriage  as 
fixed  bj'  the  Court,  were  as  follows:  For  each 
footman,  12^  cents;  for  each  horso  and  rider, 
25  cents;  for  a  one-horse  wagon,  37^  cents; 
for  a  two-horse  wagon,  50  cents;  for  each  addi- 
tional horse,  12i  cents. 

The  next  Ferry  authorized  for"  Toledo  was 
that  of  Harmon  Ci-ane,  at  the  April  term,  1837. 
It  crossed  trom  the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek, 
landing  at  what  subsequently  became  the 
Canal  Packet  Dock,  above  the  Periy  Street 
Bridge. 

The  first  recorded  ordinance  of  the  Council 
of  Toledo  was  "an  ordinance  to  license  and 
regulate  Ferries  within  the  City  of  Toledo," 
and  was  passed  July  17,  1837.  It  provided 
that  no  person  should  "  use  or  keep  any  Feri-y 
or  Boat  for  the  purpose  of  transporting  for  him 
any  persons,  hor.ses,  wagons,  carriages,  cattle 
or  things  commonly  ti-ansported  by  Ferry, 
across  the  Maumco  River  from  within  the 
limits  of  the  City  of  Toledo,  without  having 
first  obtained  a  license  lor  that  purpose."    The 


ordinance  ])rovided  j'egulalions  for  Ferries, 
and  fixed  the  fees  as  follows:  From  the  1st  of 
April  until  the  1st  of  November,  for  each  per- 
son, 12i  cents;  for  man  and  horse,  25  cents; 
for  single  horse  and  carriage  or  wagon,  37^ 
cents;  for  two-horso  carriage  or  wagon,  50 
cents;  for  each  additional  hor.se,  (jj-  cents;  for 
each  head  of  horned  cattle,  6^  cents;  and  Ibi' 
each  sheep  or  hog,  3  cents.  This  ordinance 
was  in  effect,  until  repealed  by  the  Council, 
May  3,  1853.  During  the  intervening  period. 
Ferries  across  the  River  were  maintained  by 
various  persons. 

In  October,  1838,  license  was  granted  to 
Thomas  T.  Tuttle,  to  keep  a  Ferry  at  Manhat- 
tan. He  was  to  jjrovide  and  keep  in  rejtair  a 
good  and  sufficient  boat,  and  have  the  same  in 
o])eration  from  the  rising  to  the  setting  of  the 
Sun.  In  addition  to  the  rates  heretofore  named 
for  ferriage,  Tuttle  was  allowed  3  cents  for  each 
barrel  bulk  of  goods  and  chattels  transported. 

In  March,  1840,  R.  C.  Denman  was  granted 
a  permit  to  keep  a  Ferry  at  Manhattan,  crossing 
from  foot  of  Michigan  Avenue. 

In  1840,  William  Consaul  commenced  running 
a  Ferry  across  the  River  from  the  foot  of 
Adams  Street. 

A  steam  Ferry-Boat  for  the  River  at  Toledo 
was  first  employed  in  the  Fall  of  1852.  It  was 
established  bj'  the  Toledo  andWoodville  Plank 
Road  Company,  of  which  Baker  &  Latimer  were 
Agents.  It  lefteach  side  every  half  hour.  Fares: 
Horse  and  rider,  10  cents;  horse  and  buggy, 
15centsj  two-horse  carriage,  30  cents;  animals, 
5  cents  each;  foot  passengers,  3  cents.  This 
Ferry,  in  various  hands,  was  maintained  until 
the  construction  of  the  Cherry  Street  Bridge,  in 
18t)5.  For  many  years,  it  was  the  only  jiublic 
crossing  within  the  City.  It  was  managed 
by  many  clitt'erent  parties  during  its  existence, 
including  the  late  Capt.  I.  T.  Pheatt,  Capt. 
James  McNelly  and  the  late  Daniel  Y.  Howell. 
It  was  at  different  times  operated  by  horse  and 
hy  steam  power. 

March  29,  1859,  a  new  Ferr}'  ordinance  was 
passed  fixing  other  terms  for  license  and  rates 
for  ferriage  as  follows:  For  each  dray,  cart, 
lumber  wagon,  or  other  vehicle  drawn  by  one 
horse,  10  cents;  for  each  buggy  or  carriage 
drawn  by  one  horse,  15  cents,  and  5  cents  lor 
each  additional  hoi'se  ;  for  each  animal  rode  or 
led,  10  cents;  for  horses  or  cattle  in  droves,  5 
cents  each  ;  and  for  liogs  and  shec])  in  droves, 
2i  cents  each.  School  children  on  foot  were 
charged  10  cents  each  per  term;  and  discount 
was  made  in  cases  of  return  on  the  same  day  of 
any  vehicle  or  rider.  Provision  was  made  for 
an  increase  of  50  percent,  in  ferriage,  when  the 
passage  of  the  Boat  was  made  difficult  by  the 
presence  of  ice.  During  the  Winter  season,  and 
in  the  earl}'  Spring,  it  was  often  subjected  to 
considerable  intcrru]ition,  sometimes  from  solid 
ice  and  somolimes  from  freshets.  Such  occa- 
sions were  the  cause  of  serious  iiicouveniejiw 


APPENDIX. 


837 


from  suspension  of  trade.  This  was  speciallj- 
felt,  whoa  wood,  mainly  suiipliod  from  the 
East  side,  constituted  thcalmost  only  fuel  used 
in  the  City.  At  one  time,  such  interruption 
caused  the  ]irico  of  hickory  wood  to  go  from 
S'j.tlO  to  88. UU  per  cord  in  a  "few  days.  At  that 
time  wood  was  hauled  in  wagons  from  ^liehi- 
gan,  a  distance  of  25  to  30  miles,  aifording  a 
ha'idsome  profit  to  dealers  at  that.  Subso- 
quentl}-,  the  loss  of  Cherry  Street  Bridge  by 
ice  might  have  caused  even  more  serious  in- 
convenience than  ever;  but  for  the  Aict,  that 
meantime,  coal  had  largely  taken  the  place  of 
wood  as  fuel,  and  dependence  on  the  latter  pro- 
])orlii)nately  removed. 

T( )L];d(  )  roLiCE. 

In  common  with  all  otiier  localities  in  Ohio, 
Toledo,  formally  years  from  the  cstablislnnent 
at  that  point  of  civil  government,  was  depen- 
dent, tor  administration  of  justice  and  the  detec- 
tion and  punishment  of  crime,  ujion  Justices 
of  the  Peace  and  Constables.  Under  City  gov- 
ernment, these  were  supplemented  with  the 
Maj-or's  Court  and  a  City  Marshal,  which,  for 
a  long  period  were  maiulj'  depended  upon, 
especially  for  the  preservation  of  peace  and 
the  punishment  of  petty  crimes. 

In  1852  a  need  seems  to  have  arisen  for 
Police  tiicilities  bej-ond  those  then  supjilied. 
To  meet  such  demand,  the  City  Council,  !^[ay 
loth,  passed  an  ordinance  "for  the  establish- 
ment of  a  Volunteer  Police  within  the  City." 
It  was  provided  that  as  soon  as  10  and  not 
more  than  50  residents  of  Toledo  should  volun- 
teer their  services  for  police  duty,  they  were 
authorized  to  organize  a  Company;  choose 
from  their  number  a  Captain  and  a  Lieutenant, 
for  one  year;  that  such  members  when  in  service 
should  be  invested  with  full  jjolicc  powers, 
as  then  conferred  upon  the  City  Marshal ; 
and  that  the  otficers  and  members  should  at  all 
times  hold  themselves  in  readiness,  "  by  day 
and  by  night,  to  protect  the  City  and  the  in- 
habitants thereof  against  injuries  by  thieves, 
robbers,  burglars  and  other  persons  violating 
the  public  peace,  and  for  the  suppression  of 
riots  »and  other  disorderly  conduct,"  itc.,  the 
City  Council  lieing  at  all  limes  at  liberty  to 
dismiss  any  member  or  to  disband  the  Com- 
pany. 

No  organization  was  effected  under  this 
ordinance  until  Julj^,  1852,  when  14  persons 
had  been  enrolled  for  such  ]iurpose,  viz.:  Gen. 
Joseph  W.  Brown,  Col.  C.  B.  Phillips,  Joel  AV. 
Kelsey,  Koliert  H.  Bell,  Peter  F.  Berdan,  John 
K.  Bond,  Wm.  Kraus,  Andrew  Shurtz,  I.  N. 
Hathaway,  Henry  Ketcham,  I.  Jl.  Nelson, 
Jacob  Landman,  W.  W.  Howe,  Egbert  B. 
Brown. 

This  volunteer  force,  tem))orai-y  in  its  nature 
and  desitrn,  did  not    contiiun'   lonir,  nor  ilid  it 


constitute  a  very  effective  force,  bej-ond  the 
moral  support  to  the  local  government  which 
its  members  brought. 

The  City  Jlai-shals  nmlcr  the  form  of  gov- 
ernment established  in  1S:!7,  were  as  follows- 

l.s:?7-3S— Calvin  Conistock. 
l.s:i9-40-t).  W.  Whitniurt'. 
1841— John  Goettell. 
1.S42— Chas.  L.  Mattison. 
1843-44— Tlioinas  U.  Tlionias. 
184.5—0.  W.   Whituinre. 
]84(i-48 — Henrv  I).  Kiugsliurv. 
1849— Charles  L.  Matti.son. 
18.30— W.  F.  Pregizer. 
18.51-.52-Gi.leon  W.  Weed. 
18.53-.55— Stephen  J.  Sjninger. 
]8.i6— Barney  Mahon. 
18.57 — Stephen  S.  Kingsley. 
]  S5S-.5!) — Michael  Carnev. 
18G0-(il— John  W.  Beeoher. 
]802-(i:)-Elijah  S.  Hanks. 
]8i;4-60— John  R.  Bond. 

Toledo  having  in  18GG,  acquired  a  population 
of  20,000,  was  advanced  to  the  grade  of  a  Cit^- 
of  the  first  class,  and  invested  with  corrcsjiond- 
ing  local  municipal  government,  including  a 
Metropolitan  Police  system.  A  Police  Board 
was  appointed  by  the  Governor,  consisting  of 
Charles  A.  King,-Mavor  Brigham,  Wm.  Kraus, 
Dcnnison  Steele,  and  Joseph  K.  Secor.  The 
Board  selected  officers  as  follows:  Superin- 
tendent, nenr3^  Breed  ;  Captain, Michael  O'Con- 
nor ;  Sergeant,  Wm.  P.  Scott,  with  13  Patrol- 
men as  follows :  Elijah  S.  Hanks.  George 
Wise,  Jsoeph  A.  Parker,  Henry  Nellis,  Jacob 
Winnie,  Cornelius  Heline,  John  1).  Nicel}', 
Jacob  Pfanner,  Jacob  Rudolph,  Patrick  Iloran, 
Conrad  Schilling,  Henrj-  Streicher,  Wm.  R. 
Osborn.  At  same  time  George  W.  Kirk  was 
appointed  Turnkey.  The  Superintendent 
was  paid  $1,500  iier  year;  Captain,  $000; 
Sergeant,  $800;  Turnkey,  $C00;  Patrolmen, 
$720.  E.  S.  Hanks  was  soon  detailed  for  detec- 
tive service. 

The  office  of  Captain  after  1807,  was  filled  as 
follows: 

18G8-70— Wm.  P.  Scott. 
1S71— J.  A.  Parker, 
18,2-78— Josiah  C.  Purdv. 
1879-80— Wm.  P.  Scott.  " 

In  1881  the  Toledo  Police  system  was  again 
I'eorganized,  under  a  Board  a])pointed  by  the 
Governor,  and  consisting  of  Abner  L.  Backus, 
Guido  Marx,  John  Cummings  and  George  Mil- 
mine.  After  the  original  ap])ointments,  mem- 
bers of  the  Board  were  elected  by  general 
ticket,  for  four  years  each. 

The  Captains  of  Police  from  ISSl  to  1888, 
inclusive,  were  as  follows: 

18SI-S2— K.  E.  Mor.se. 
18,82-81!— James  B.  Steedman. 
188:!-84— Josiah  C.  Purdy. 
1885-88— Edward  O'Uwyer. 


838 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


The  Police  Board  for  ISSS,  consisted  of  J.  K. 
Ilainiltou  (Mayor),  Walter  Pickens,  V.  J.  Em- 
mick,  George  ydieets,  and  August  Krusc. 

The  sj^steni  of  Police  established  in  1807,  in. 
eluded  a  Police  Court,  such  duties  jireviously 
having  been  performed  by  the  Mayor.  That 
Court  since  tiiat  time  has  been  constituted  as 
Ibllows: 

rolice  Judges.  1SC)7-G8-.J.  JNL  Ritchie;  1SG9  72, 
Joseph  W.  Cummings;  1873-7G,  Henry  E.  Howe; 
1877-78;  Nathaniel  Harrington;  1S7!I-,S-1,  Henry  L. 
Lorenz ;  1SS5-80,  C.  L.  Kennedy  ;  1887-88,  P.  A.  j\lac- 
Galiau. 

Prosecutors  Police  Court.  1807,  J.  K.  Hamilton  ; 
18GS-70,  Frank  Collins;  1871-72,  Charles  W.  hverett; 
1S7:')-7G,  Nathaniel  Harrington  ;  1877-78,  George  W. 
Humphrey;  18711-80,  James  M.  Bloomer;  1881-84, 
Voris  P.  Brown  ;  188.5-88,  Geo.  W.  Huuiplirev. 

Clerks  Police  Court.  1870-1887,  John  P.  Bronson  ; 
1888.  Wni.  H.  Cook. 

The  use  of  Patrol  Wagons  was  commenced  in  1884. 

POLICE     STATISTICS,    1887. 

The  Police  force  was  constituted  as  follows  : 

One  Captain  and  Acting  Superintendent ;  salary, 
SI, .500  per  annum. 

One  Lieutenant ;  salary,  $1,000. 
Six  Sergeants;  salary,  $900. 
One  Chief  of  Detectives ;  salary,  $900. 
Two  Detectives;  salary,  $900. 


One  Patrol  Sergeant ;  salary  $800. 
Seventy  Patrolmen  ;  salaries,  $700  to  $000. 
Two  Patrol  Drivers ;   salarv,  $800. 
One  Hostler  ;  salary,  $(iOO. 
One  Secretary  ;  salary,  $900. 
Two  Doormen  ;  salary,  $720. 
One  Engineer;    salary,  $700. 
One  Assi.staut  Engineer;  salary,  $210. 
One  Janitor ;  salarv,  $540. 
Total  Expenditures  in  1888,  $107,890.10. 
No.  of  Arrests — in  State  cases,  8:59. 
No.  of  Arrests — in  City  cases,  .3,037. 
Value  of  jiroperly  stolen,  $3,289. 
Value  of  property  recovered,  $2,571. 
Value  of  property  recovered  for  other  places,  $.5,- 
890. 

No.  of  persons  arrested  for  other  places,  25. 
No.  of  runs  by  Patrol,  1,840. 
No.  of  lodgers  at  Police  Station,  2,082. 
No.  of  Alarm  Boxes  in  use,  117. 


NATIVITY   OF   PRISONERS. 


Austria 

Bavaria 

Belgium. 

Bohemia 

Canada 

England 

France 

Germany 

Holland -. 

Ireland . 


5 

Italv 

2G 

4 

Norway  _        __   .. 

.T 

6 

Poland 

57 

10 

Russia 

13 

86 

.Scotland 

20 

97 

.Sweden    

0 

28 

Switzerland 

30 

.76 

United  States 2 

,510 

12 

United  States  (col'd) 

279 

.04 

Wales      __      

9 

Total. 


3,87 


« 


TOWNSHIPS 


I 


ADAMS    TOWNSHIP. 


IN  eritcrinn;  ii])on  tlie  liistory  of  the  se%'er;il 
Townships  of  Lucas  Oounty,  it  is  proper  to 
state,  as  no  doubt  has  been  noticed  by  the  care- 
ful reader,  that  tliroughout  many  preceding 
Ciiajiters  of  the  work,  have  been  incidental!}- 
given  moi'e  or  less  of  facts  relatinir  to  the  Town- 
sliips.  This  was  done,  because  it  was  found  to 
be  more  practicable  to  do  so,  than  to  take  such 
facts  from  the  connection  which  the  record  gave 
them.  Thus,  in  the  Cha]iter  on  "  Count}'  Af- 
fairs "  (page  313),  will  be  found  much  of  that 
kind  of  record.  The  same  is  true  of  Chapters 
on  "Events  and  Persons"  ((557),  "Personal 
Mention"  (<)75),  "Pioneers"  (69li),  and  still 
more  in  the  Chapters  containing  the  War  Record 
of  the  County. 

ADAMS. 

Adams  Townshiji  lies  West  of  the  City  of 
Toledo,  being  bounded  by  the  Cit}-  limits  and 
the  Maumee  River  on  the  East,  by  Washington 
and  Sylvania  Townships  on  the  Nf)rth,  by 
Springfield  on  the  West,  and  by  Waynesticld 
on  the  South.  Swan  Creek  passes  through  the 
center  of  the  Township,  in  a  cour.se  East  by 
North,  entering  into  the  Maumee  within  the 
City  of  Toledo.  The  Northern  part  is  watered 
b}'  branches  of  the  Ottawa  River  or  Ten-Mile 
Creek.  The  Railroads  passing  through  the 
Township  are  the  Wabash,  in  the  Southeastern 
part;  the  Lake  Shore  and  Michigan  Southern 
(Air  Line  Branch)  in  the  Central;  and  the 
Lake  Shore  and  Michigan  Southern  (Old  Road) 
across  the  Northeastern  corner. 

The  Townshij)  is  a  rich  and  well  populated 
tract  of  land,  and  contains  as  good  farms  as  are 
found  in  the  vicinity  of  Toledo. 

Adams  Townshij)  was  set  off  Irom  Port  Law- 
rence, Waynesfield  and  Springfield  Townships, 
and  was  organized  under  the  name  of  Carey, 
in  1856.  In  1800  the  name  was  changed  to 
Adams. 

EARLY  SETTLEMENT. 

Settlements  were  made  within  the  boundaries 
of  the  present  Township  of  Adams  as  earl}-  as 
1833.  In  that  year  Orlando  Bushnell,  who  is 
believed  to  have  been  the  first  settler,  erected 
his  log-cabin  on  the  East  half  of  the  Northwest 
quarter  of  Section  One,  Township  Two,  United 
States  Reserve.  Mr.  Bushnell  appears  to  have 
been  the  pioneer  Teni})erance  man  of  the  Town- 
ship; for,  in  putting  up  his  log-cabin,  he  re- 
solved  to    have    no    whiskey    at   the    raising; 


whereu]:)on,  the  neit: 
became  indiicnant, 


jhbors  who  had  been  invited 
ami  refused  to  help  ])ut  up 
hi.s  house.  Mr.  Bushnell,  iiowever,  remained 
firm  in  his  purpose,  for  lie  was  a  Temperance 
man  from  princijtle.  He  said  he  would  chop 
up  the  logs  into  pieces  small  enough  to  handle 
himself,  before  he  would  consent  to  use  intoxi- 
cating liquors  at  the  raising.  Some  friend.s  at 
Vienna,  IG  niile.s  distant,  learning  the  circum- 
stances, came  over  and  raised  his  cabin  for  him. 
Thus,  the  first  house  in  the  Township  was  raised 
without  whiskey,  which  was  a  remarkable  evcnl 
for  those  early  times.  The  use  of  whiskey  at 
logging-bees  and  raisings  was  so  common  in 
the  pioneer  days,  that  it  has  been  said,  that 
'■  nearly  all  the  land  in  Northwestern  Ohio  has 
been  cleared  by  whiske}-,"  a  statement  which 
no  doubt  somewhat  exaggerates  the  truth. 

But  few  of  those  whose  names  appear  as 
original  purchasers  of  land  from  the  Govern- 
ment beciime  actual  settlers  in  this  Township. 
Augustus  Whitney  entered  the  East  half  of 
the  Northeast  quarter  of  Section  Two.  Town 
Two,  United  States  Reserve,  in  1834.  He  sold, 
without  making  improvements,  to  Valentine 
Bargy,  who  still  resides  on  the  premises,  and  is 
among  the  prosperous  farmers  of  the  Township. 
William  M.  Hudson,  v  ho  entered  the  West  half 
of  the  Southeast  quarter,  and  the  East  half  of 
the  Southwest  quarter  of  Section  Two,  Town 
Throe,  sold  without  im]jrovements,  to  Michael 
Carney  and  Charles  McTague,  who  divided  the 
property  between  them.  Mr.  Carney  died  in 
1882.  Mr.  McTague  still  lives  on  his  portion 
of  the  estate.  lie  has  reared  an  interesting 
family,  one  of  whom,  Miss  Ella  McTague,  has 
a  good  re])utation  in  the  Township  as  a  Teacher. 
Wm.  W.  Wadsworth,  of  Genesee,  New  York, 
purchased  of  the  Government  about  500  acres 
of  land  in  this  Township,  through  his  agent, 
Benjamin  Joy,  in  1834.  James  Egnew  entered 
the  Southeast  quarter  of  the  Northwest  quarter 
of  Section  Twelve,  Town  Two,  in  1834,  where 
he  settled,  but  early  removed  to  Swanton.  John 
Patten,  in  1833,  e"^ntered  the  AVest  half  of  the 
Northeastquarterof  Section  Twelve,  Town  Two, 
where  he  settled  and  reared  his  family.  He 
died  suddenly  of  heart  disease  in  1883,  aired  73 
years.  A  son  and  daughter  (Harvey  and  Nancy 
Patten,  unmarried)  reside  or.  the  homestead  in 
the  old,  but  still  neat,  log-house,  which  has 
stood  for  over  50  years. 

Amos  Atkins  entered  97.52  acres.  Southwest 
fractional  part  of  Section  Thirteen,  Town'I'wo, 
in  1831.     He  sold  to  Elnalhan  C.    Hubbell  in 


64 


[841] 


842 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


August,  1841.  Mr.  Atkins  died  many  years  ago, 
but  has  a  son  living  in  Toledo. 

Bernard  Cass,  a  half-brother  of  Gen.  Lewis 
Cass,  came  to  what  is  now  Adams  Township 
with  three  sons — Samuel,  Charles  M.  and  Joseph 
G. — in  1833.  Bernard  Cass  entered  the  North- 
west quarter  of  Section  twenty-five  ;  Samuel, 
the  East  halfof  the  Northeast  quaf  ter  of  Section 
Twenty-five;  Charles  M.,  the  East  half  of  the 
Southeast  quarter  of  Section  Tv\enty -three; 
Joseph  G.,  the  Northwest  quarter  of  Section 
Twenty-four,  United  States  Eeserve.  Jose]>h 
G.  Cass  is  the  only  one  of  the  brothers  living, 
and  resides  on  the  old  homestead  property. 

Most  of  the  old  pioneers  have  passed  away. 
The  following  named  are  among  the  oldest 
residents  now  living  in  the  Township:  Harvey 
Kellogg,  Samuel  Nason,  David  Byrnes,  Valen- 
tine Bargy,  Cyrus  Davis,  John  W.  Clark,  David 
Kaley,  John  Halpin,  Cliarles  McTague,  G.  W. 
Norton,  Joseph  G.  Cass,  Henry  Driver,  Alonzo 
Lane,  James  P.  Eobinson,  N.  H.  Locke  and 
Peter  Y.  Mersereau.  • 


JOSEPH  GERISH  CASS  was  born  at  Eos- 
common,  Hillsborough  County,  New  Hamp- 
shirp,  Octolier  7,  1SU7.  He  is  a  son  of  Barnard 
and  Martha  (Trumbull)  Cass.  The  former  had 
two  half-brothers,  Benjamin  and  Jonathan. 
The  latter  was  a  Major  in  the  Eevolutionary 
War,  and  had  three  sons,  George,  Charles  ami 
General  Lewis  Cass;  and  two  daughters — Mary 
and  Deborah.  Barnard  Cass  moved  to  Musk- 
ingum County,  Ohio,  in  1816,  where  Jonathan 
had  4,(10(1  acres  of  choice  lands.  He  laid  out 
the  Town  of  Dresden  in  that  County,  which 
became  his  residence.  Joseph's  mother  and 
sister  Philena  died  when  he  was  12  years  old. 
In  1882,  the  family  with  the  exception  of  two 
brothers,  came  to  the  Maumee  Valley,  and  set- 
tled in  the  Northwest  quarter  of  Section  24, 
now  in  Adams  Township,  which  is  still  the 
home  of  Joseph.  The  settlement  was  made  in 
a  dense  forest,  with  no  impi'ovement  of  any 
sort  nearer  than  Maumee  City,  three  miles  dis- 
tant. So  straitened  in  circumstances  was 
Joseph,  that  he  was  compelled  to  divide  his 
time  between  clearing  his  own  land  and  work- 
ing for  others  for  means  of  support,  until  re- 
lieved by  small  crops.  During  the  real  estate 
speculation  of  183.5-3C,  he  sold  his  farm  to  a 
Maumee  party  at  what  «as  considered  a  good 
price,  and  removed  to  Knox  County,  where  he 
bought  land  and  remained  for  13  years.  The 
sale  of  his  farm  having  meantime  failed,  he  was 
compelled  to  take  it  back  and  again  occupied  it. 
Mr.  Cass's  lile,  thougii  not  an  eventful  one,  has 
been  marked  by  pervading  consideration  for 
the  rights  and  welfare  of  his  fellow-men, 
especially  in  the  promotion  of  sound  morals  and 
good  order  For  GO  years,  in  princijjle  and 
practice,  he  has  been  strictly  a  Temperance 
man.     When    he    was  about  20  years  of    age 


(1828),  a  race-course  and  an  attendant  liquor- 
shop  at  Dresden,  patronized  mainly  by  laborers 
employed  in  the  construction  of  the  Oiiio  Canal, 
so  far  reached  their  natural  results  among  the 
youth  and  the  older  residents,  as  to  arouse  his 
alarm  and  to  cause  in  him  the  positive  resolve 
to  abstain  Irom  gambling  and  the  use  of  intox- 
icating liquors,  which  resolution  never  has  been 
broken,  but  has  remained  as  a  readj*  and  ettec- 
tive  shield  from  temptation  to  either  practices 
Mr.  Cass  has  been  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
fraternity  for  about  40  years,  being  initiated  at 
Newcastle,  Coshocton  County,  Ohio,  and  united 
with  Northern  Light  Lodge  at  Maumee  in  1850. 
Having, in  the  manner  already  stateil,  succeeded 
in  erecting  a  one-storj-  log-cabin,  18x20  feet  in 
size,  and  cleared  and  planted  with  corn  thi-ee 
acres  of  his  land,  Mr.  Cass  took  the  nest  step 
by  going  to  Jackson  Township,  Knox  County, 
where,  Julj^  10,  1833,  he  was  married  with  Miss 
Mary  Wilson,  who  accompanied  him  to  their 
forest  home,  making  the  trip  by  the  Ohio  Canal 
to  Cleveland,  and  thence  by  Steamboat  to  Mau- 
mee, via  Detroit.  Coming  as  she  did  from  a 
home  of  comfort,  the  bride  was  found  ade(juate 
for  every  demand  on  her  energies  and  courage 
which  were  liberally  taxed  in  all  the  ways 
known  to  such  trials.  The  mother  of  six  sons 
and  six  daughters,  11  of  whom  grew  to  matu- 
rity, she  had  ample  occasion  for  the  exercise  of 
the  ])h}sical  and  mental  resources  which  alone 
could  have  given  success  in  such  extraordinarj' 
charge.  A  sincere  Christian,  her  convictions 
and  fiiith  abided  and  guided  her  througout  the 
long  years  of  her  activity,  and  made  their  mark 
on  the  children  other  care.  She  die<l  January 
2,  1870.  July  2,  1878,  Mr.  Cass  was  mairied 
with  Miss  Ellen  A.,  daughter  of  Caleb  Farqu- 
liar,  of  Coshocton  County,  whose  relations  to 
the  large  family  have  been  from  the  first  most 
hajjpy. 

HARVEY  KELLOGG  was  born  in  Canaan, 
Jjitchfiold  County,  Connecticut,  January  10, 
1813.  He  was  the  youngest  of  five  children — 
four  sons  and  one  daughter —  of  Joseph  and 
Martha  (Beebe)  Kellogg.  The  parents  were 
devout  members  (if  the  Congregational  Church 
of  South  Canaan,  of  which  the  father  (Joseph 
Kellogg),  was  an  acting  Deacon  tor  more  than 
fifty-seven  years.  In  this  faith,  Harvey  was 
reared  and  in  early  life  united  witli  the  Church 
at  South  Canaan.  From  this  Ciiurcii  he  and  his 
wife  brought  letters  of  fellowship  to  the  Pres 
hyterian  Church  of  Sj'lvania,  when  they  came 
to  settle  in  Lucas  County,  in  1837— which 
Church  afterwards  adopted  the  Congregational 
form  of  government.  In  addition  to  a  Com- 
mon School  education,  Mr.  Kellogg  enjoyed  the 
advantages  of  Academic  instruction  for  one 
year  in  Columbia  County,  New  York,  and  in 
1830,  when  a  little  over  17  years  of  age,  he 
enjjayed  in  teaching  in  his  native  Town,  where, 
a  few  years  later,  he  was  elected  a  member  0{ 


%% 


C^e^-^-2^    yU. 


1 


ADAMS  TOWNSHIP. 


843 


the  School  Board  and  of  the  Examining  Com- 
mittee. The  same  year  (October  20,  1S35)  he 
was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Betsej'  A. 
Kellogg,  and  with  her  removed  to  Springfield 
Township  (now  Adams),  in  the  Spring  of  1837. 
Their  first  attempt  at  house-keeping  in  the 
then  new  country  was  in  a  log-cabin  of  a  single 
room,  with  the  Bushnell  family,  until  Jlr. 
Kellogg  could  get  a  space  cleared  and  a  house 
erected  for  himself  Their  reminiscences  of 
those  days  are  pleasant,  and  many  relics  of 
their  primitive  mode  of  living  might  have  been 
preserved  ami  handed  down  to  their  grand- 
children, had  the}'  known  the  interest  the 
pri'sent  generation  would  liave  taken  in  such 
things.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kellogg  have  lived 
where  they  now  reside  over  50  years.  They 
have  two  sons  living — Joseph  G.  and  Isaac  B. 
Kellogg.  In  1885,  the  50th  anniversary  of 
their  marriage  was  celebrated.  It  wasa  jubilee 
signalized  by  the  warm  congratulationsof  many 
friends  and  many  gifts  and  tokens  showing  in 
what  estimation  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kellogg  are  held 
by  their  friends  and  neighbors.  Their  hou.se 
has  been  a  home  for  several  orphan  children 
whom  thej'  have  brought  up.  Besides  devel- 
oping his  ftirm,  Mr.  Kellogg  has  been  active  in 
many  other  directions  and  in  public  affairs. 
He  has  taught  school  13  terms;  served  as 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  by  succes.sive  elections, 
15  years;  was  Postmaster  at  Hickory,  in  his 
Township,  seven  years.  In  1877  he  was  elected 
to  the  General  Assembly  by  a  plurality  vote  on 
the  National  Party  ticket,  and  while  a  member 
of  the  House  served  on  the  Committeeson  Tem- 
perance and  on  Unfinished  Business.  He  has 
always  been  a  sti'ong  advocate  of  Temperance 
and  an  active  Sunday  school  worker.  In  1883 
he  was  chosen  President  of  the  Lucas  County 
Sunday-school  Union,  and  each  succeessiveyear 
since  has  been  elected  to  fill  the  same  position. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kellogg  have  taken  an  active 
part  in  the  co-operative  ChristiaTi  work  which 
lias  resulted  in  the  establishment  of  a  Union 
Church  in  their  neighborhood,  and  he  is  one  of 
the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Womans'  Christian 
Association  of  Aiiams  Townshij). 

JEREMIAH  REYNOLDS  was  born  March 
2.'"),  LS23,  in  i'ennsylvania.  His  parents  came 
to  the  Mauiuee  Vallc}'  when  he  was  quite  a 
small  boy.  At  about  the  age  of  17  he  went 
to  live  with  Harvey  Kellogg,  on  his  farm,  in 
Adams  Township.  Being  left  an  orphan  by 
the  death  of  his  father,  he  depended  mainly 
upon  his  own  exertions  ;  but  he  was  a  young 
man  who  made  friends  and  secured  the  confi- 
dence of  those  with  whom  he  had  dealings. 
He  was  therefore  trusted  and  prospered.  Such 
is  the  reputation  Mr.  Kellogg  and  others  gave 
him.  He  was  married  June  21, 1845,  with  Miss 
Rhoda  Ann,  daughter  of  Daniel  Cothrell,  of 
Springfield  Township.  She  was  born  in  the 
State  of  New  York,  where  her  father  was  born 


March  24,  1802,  he  dying  in  October,  1884. 
Her  mother,  Sarah  Grant,  was  born  in 
Orange  County,  New  York,  in  1805,  and 
died  August  15,  1878.  The  year  ])receding 
his  marriage  he  had  purchased  of  Harvey  Kel- 
log';  40  acres  of  land  adjoining  Dorr  Street, 
which  he  made  his  home.  He  introduced  the 
first  power  Threshing-Machine  into  the  neigh- 
borhood, and  for  15  years  followed  the  thresh- 
ing business  vigorouslj-  and  laboriously.  Sum- 
mer and  Winter,  with  such  unremitting  persis- 
tence, that  at  last  ho  fell  a  victim  to  the  ilust  of 
the  machine,  which  caused  the  disease  of  the 
lungs  of  which  he  died  December  6,  1808, 
when  hardly  j'et  in  the  prime  of  life.  He  was 
twice  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  Adams 
Township,  serving  for  two  terms,  and  was 
Postmaster  at  the  time  of  his  death.  He  be- 
came a  member  of  the  Masonic  Lodge  at  Syl- 
vania  at  an  early  date,  and  was  buried  b}'  that 
Order.  A  successful  farmer,  he  had  185  acres 
of  improved  land  at  the  time  of  his  death.  He 
was  a  strong  advocate  of  total  abstinence  from 
the  use  of  intoxicating  liquors,  when  such 
position  required  a  firm  will  ;  was  a  good 
neighbor  and  an  honest  citizen.  Mr.  Eejnolds 
left  a  widow  and  seven  children,  four  sons  and 
three  daughters.  D.  Edward,  born  June  19, 
1850,  married  Miss  Calista  Micham  of  Adams; 
Sarah  A.,  born  May  4, 1854,  died  A])ril  4, 1879  ; 
Charles,  born  March  24,  1859  ;  Hattie  E.,  Ijorn 
February  16,  1848,  married  Charles  Micham 
October.  1879  ;  James  B.,  born  Ajiril  28,  1800; 
Mattie  S.,  born  May  14,  1864;  Perry  A.,  born 
April  24,  1856,  married  Miss  Emma  Shellenbcr- 
ger,  Septembr  ,  1880.  Two  sons,  Charles  and 
James  B.  Rej'nolds,  and  one  daughter,  Mattie  S., 
are  living  at  home  with  their  mot'  er.  D.  Ed- 
ward lives  ill  Sylvania,  and  also  the  married 
daughter,  Mrs.  Charles  Micham  ;  while  Perry  A. 
lives  on  a  farm  in  Adams  Townshij).  Jlr. 
Reynolils  was  for  several  years  Postmaster  at 
Hickory,  Adams  Township,  and  also  served  as 
Trustee  and  Justice  of  the  Peace. 

OBSOLETE    TOWN    l'L.4TS. 

On  the  13th  of  June,  1836,  Jesse  Stone,  of 
Columbus,  sold  to  Norman  C.  Baldwin,  William 
Neil,  John  C.  Spink,  Eliiathan  Cory,  Dwight 
Woodbury,  Elias  H.  Haines,  Henrj'  Bennett, 
S.  B.  Campbell,  Needham  M.  Stewart,  Christ. 
Neiswanger,  Joseph  H.  Larwell,  Daniel  B. 
Miller,  Jesse  Stone,  David  W.  Deshler,  David 
Ladd,  Robert  T.  Lj'tle,  John  E.  Lyon,  James 
Q.  Ailams  and  Jeddediah  I).  Cummings,  tracts 
17  and  18  of  United  States  Reserve,  containing 
443.49  acres,  for  140,000.  The  same  month  the 
plat  of  the  Town  of  Marengo  was  surveyed  and 
located  in  the  above  tract  of  land,  then  owned 
by  an  association,  of  which  I'lliiathan  Cory, 
Norman  C.  Baldwin,  John  C.  Sjiink  and  William 
Neil,  of  Columbus,  were  Trustees,  and  A.  E. 
Wing,  of  Monroe;  Josejih  H.  Lai'well,  of  Woos- 


844 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ter;  N.  C.  Baldwin  and  Dwight  Moody, 
Directors.  The  plat  was  survej'ed  by  Hiram 
Davis,  Surveyor  of  Wood  Comity.  The  lots 
were  20  by  lUO  feet;  there  were  10  full  blocks 
of  40  lots  each ;  10  fractional  blocks  of  from  4 
to  35  lots,  with  40  Water  lots  100  feet  square. 
The  j>roprietors  reserved  all  rights  of  ferrying, 
and  purchasers  of  Watei-  lots  were  granted  the 
use  of  one-half  of  the  street  adjoining  their  lots 
for  handling  property.  The"  City  of  Marengo  " 
was  finally  closed  out  by  order  of  Court,  in 
August,  1838. 

The  plat  of  the  Town  of  Vinton  was  located 
on  the  South  side  of  Swan  Creek,  in  Section 
Thirteen,  Town  Two  (now  in  Adams  Town- 
shijj),  and  adjoining  the  French  Grant.  It  was 
surveyed  by  Samuel  Divine,  County  Surveyor, 
and  recorded  June  11,  1836.  The  proprietors 
were  Daniel  llubbell  and  Amos  Atkins.  The 
plat  contained  54  lots  and  10  streets. 

June  14,  183G,  Rev.  James  Gilruth  a  Metho- 
dist Preacher,  then  of  Ann  Arbor,  Michigan, 
and  Marj%  his  wife,  deeded  362J  acres  of  land 
in  Sections  17  and  20,  now  in  Adams  Town- 
ship, to  Nathan  Jenkins,  Wm.  P.  Eeznor  and 
David  Higgins,  as  Trustees  for  themselves  and 
John  Patterson,  of  Columbus;  Ezra  M.  Stone, 
of  Norwalk  ;  Charles  Borland,  of  Mansfield; 
and  Rev.  H.  O.  Sheldon.  The  price  paid  for 
the  property  was  .f3(),250.  On  this  property 
was  soon  laid  out  the  plat  of  Bast  Marengo, 
by  what  was  known  as  the  East  Marengo 
Company.  Sales  were  made  of  lots  in  this 
plat  as  follows: 

To  H.  O.  Sheldon,  11  lots,  October,  1838,  for$G,864. 

To  Alonzo  Rogers,  August  11,  1837,  one  lot  con- 
ditioned that  said  Rogers  erect  on  the  same  "  a  house 
at  least  18x2-5  feet,  two  stories  high,  tinished  on  the 
outside  and  painted  white  ;  to  be  done  and  complete 
within  5  months  from  date." 

To  David  D.  Prouty,  lot  for  $100,  first  payment 
to  be  made  in  8  months  ;  assigned  March  JO,  1840,  to 
Francis  D.  Cochoran. 

In  September,  1840,  the  East  Marengo  Com- 
pany laid  out  a  sub- division  on  the  Southeast 
quarter  of  Section  17  and  East  half  of  North- 
east qiiarter  Section  20,  River  Tract,  No.  14, 
called  East  Marengo.  Hiram  Davis  was  the 
Surveyor.  This  plat  was  recorded  by  W.  P. 
Eeznor  and  Nathan  Jenkins,  Trustees,  Septem- 
ber 21,  1840. 

LATER    PLATS. 

Central  Grove,  located  on  that  part  of 
River  Tract  No.  15,  Town  3,  United  States 
Reserve,  lying  between  the  Maumee  River  and 
the  Miami  and  Erie  Canal,  was  platted  by 
Wesley  J.  Wells  and  George  Vogel,  Tru.stees, 
October  7,  1874,  and  three  days  later  recorded. 

Toledo  Heights  was  jdatted  and  recorded 
by  Wm.  H.  Ingraham,  June  18,  1874.  It  is 
situated  on  River  Tract  No.  18,  Town  1,  United 
States  Reserve. 

Norwood  was  laid  out  and  platted  by  Edwin 
Conant,    Sallie    Lee    Conaut    and    Albert    E. 


Macomber,  as  a  division  of  their  respective 
half-interests  in  the  Northeast  quarter  and 
Northeast  quarter  of  the  Northwest  quarter  of 
Section  4,  Town  3,  in  May,  1877.  It  lies  be- 
tween Dorr  Street  on  the  north,  Nebraska 
Avenue  on  the  south  and  Rrown  Avenue  on 
the  east,  and  is  divided  cast  and  west  by  Ger- 
mania  Street,  containing  lots  numbered  from 
1  to  38  inclusive. 

SALES    OF    LANDS. 

Among  the  other  early  transfers  of  property, 
w^ere  the  following : 

Cyrus  Fisher  to  Ezra  Goodale,  Theodore  Lee, 
Wm.  C.  Corwin,  and  Oliver  Stevens,  80  acres,  Sec- 
tion 1),  $180;  1830. 

Isaac  B.  Worden  and  Triijhena  Worden,  to  Ros- 
well  Riley,  20}^  square  rods  of  land  on  the  left  bank 
of  the  Maumee  River,  and  on  the  road  leading  from 
Port  Lawrence  to  Miami,  $100;  1830. 

Wm.  P.  Bennett  to  Tunis  Lewis,  80  acres,  $200 ; 
1830. 

Silas  Barnes  to  Jona.  Simmons,  1830. 

Theo.  S.  Lee  to  Sam.  Allen  and  Otis  Hathaway, 
SO  acres.  Section  9,  $100,  is:.',2  ;  the  same  having  been 
patented  by  the  Government  to  Dexter  Fisher  in  1831. 

Daniel  Hubbell  to  John  Mackley,  1833. 

Samuel  Merritt,  to  Nancy  Merritt,  1834. 

Silas  Long  to  James  McLaughlin,  1834. 

John  Mickle  to  Bingham  D.  Abbott,  1834. 

United  States  to  Charles  Allen,  September,  1834. 

Alvin  Evans  to  Henry  Bennett  and  S.  B.  Camp- 
bell, 1S3G. 

.lohn  McNess  to  Eli  Charter,  February,  1835. 

Ezra  B.  Dodd  to  Ezra  Goodell,  October,  183.5. 

Sylvester  Brown  to  John  U.  Pea.se,  March,  1836. 

George  Lewis  to  Nathaniel  Rathbun,  1836. 

David  Prouty,  to  Geo.  S.  Hazard,  1836. 

Benjamin  Davis  to  Jared  N.  Stebbins,  18;i6. 

Zenas  Leonard  to  Charles  G.  Keeler,  May,  1836. 

W.  E.  Morton  to  Mathew  Byrnes,  October,  1835. 

John  Mickles,  to  Joel  W.  Crane,  1836. 

Jo.seph  Titsworth  to  Eli  Hubbard,  18.36. 

J.  G.  Cass  and  Corser  to  J.  E.  Hunt,  1835. 

Edward  Corser  to  Joseph  G.  Cass,  February,  1836. 

Henry  Williams  to  Theodore  T.  Woodruff,  March, 
1836. 

Marmaduke  Bunting  to  John  Knaggs,  March,  1836. 

Stephen  L.  Gilleatto  .Miciiael  Sterling,  1838. 

J.  G.  Worthington  to  James  Harris,  1839. 


DAVID  KALBY  is  a  native  of  Ireland,  and 
was  liorn  in  1822.  His  parents  came  to  Amer- 
ica in  1832,  and  that  year  his  father  died  of 
cholera  at  Putnam's  Corners,  eighteen  miles 
below  White  Hall  on  Lake  Champlain,  while 
the  family  were  on  their  way  from  Quebec  to 
Buffalo,  New  York.  His  father  was  buried 
near  the  old  battle  ground  at  Fort  Ticon- 
deroga,  and  the  family  proceeded  to  Buffalo, 
arriving  there  in  the  S2)ring  of  1833.  It  con- 
sisted of  five  boys  and  one  girl,  of  whom  two 
are  now  living,  viz.:  David,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch,  and  Daniel  Kaley,  a  resident  of 
Wood  County,  Ohio. 

David,  after  remaining  in  Buffalo  till  the 
spring  of  1837,  went  with  the  family  to  Water- 
ville,  Lucas  County,  Ohio,  whtre   his  brother- 


^^■f' //y-icii}Vjfy 


^a^i^d 


d^.yf./^^ 


ADAMS   TOWNSHIP. 


845 


in-law  bad  a  contract  on  tlic  Miami  and  Erie 
Canal,  then  being  constructed.  Hero  David 
worked  on  tbe  C'anal  about  six  years.  In  the 
meantime,  (in  1888),  his  oldest  brother  died; 
and  tile  balance  of  tiie  family,  in  1843,  remove<l 
to  'J'ro}'  Township,  Wood  Count}-,  Ohio,  where 
they  bought  a  farm  and  where  his  mother  and 
brothel's,  John  and  Daniel,  made  their  perma- 
nent home. 

Li  lS4it,  David  and  his  bmlher  Bartholomew 
went  to  California  by  the  overlanil  route, 
reaching  the  mines  after  a  four-months  jour- 
ney, on  November  18,  1849.  They  spent  nearly 
four  years  in  mining  and  other  operations, 
quite  successfully,  realizing  about  $ll,IH)y  each, 
and  returned  b}'  steamer  in  May,  1853.  In  the 
autumn  of  that  year  Mr.  Kaley  purchased  the 
valuable  and  beautiful  farm  near  Dorr  Street, 
ill  Adams  Township,  on  which  be  now  resides. 
He  has  since  erected  the  buildings  and  made 
most  of  the  improvements  upon  the  jilace. 
This  farm  contains  200  acres,  mostly'  of  rolling 
and  rich  soil,  and  is  one  of  the  finest  farms  in 
Lucas  County. 

Mr.  Kaley  was  married  May  3,  1854,  with 
Miss  Ellen  Carey,  who  was  born  in  Ireland 
March  15,  1833,  and  same  year  came  with  her 
parents  to  America.  They  have  bad  10  chil- 
dren— five  sons  and  five  daughters — all  living, 
except  James  B.,  the  youngest  son,  who  died 
Julj'  19,  1885.  The  children  anil  years  of  their 
birth  areas  follows:  Edward,  born  1855  ;  Win- 
ifred M.,  1858;  David  and  John  (twins),  1860; 
William  D.,  18G2;  James  B,,  18ti4  ;  Mary  E., 
1805;  Ella  A.,  1808;  Agnes,  1870;  Theressa, 
1872. 

Since  the  organization  of  Adams  Township, 
Mr.  Kaley  has  held  some  of  the  local  offices, 
such  as  Trustee  and  Member  of  the  Board  of 
Education.  He  was  one  of  the  enterprising  and 
successful  farmers  of  the  Township,  and  one  of 
its  most  public  spirited  citizens.  In  the  Spring 
of  1888  Mr.  Kaley  moved  from  his  fai-m  that 
he  had  occupied  ibr  over  30  years,  to  his  pleas- 
ant residence  on  Warren  Street,  Toledo. 

CHARLES  R.  BOWEN  was  born  in  Otsego 
Count}',  New  York,  May  26, 1837.  Ilis  parents, 
Daniel  W.  and  Sarah  (Jiichardson)  Bowen,  were 
both  of  Bevolutionary  stock.  His  father's  fiither  ' 
was  with  Ethan  Allen,  at  the  capture  of  Ticonde- 
roga,  and  was  at  the  battles  of  Bennington  and 
Saratoga ;  while  his  mother's  mother  was  one 
of  the  few  children  saved  at  tbe  massacre  and 
burning  by  the  Indians  in  Cherry  Valley. 
Charles  R.  lived  on  the  farm  until  17  years  old, 
when  he  went  to  Rockford,  Illinois.  Eemain- 
iiig  there  one  year,  he  returned  East,  stop 
ping  in  Lenawee  County,  Michigan,  where 
his  parents,  meantime,  had  removed.  In  the 
Spring  of  1858,  he  made  the  trip  to  the  Bockj- 
Mountains,  spending  a  year  on  the  plains  and 
in  the  mountains,  hunting  and  prosjiecting.  In 
June  of  that  year,  while  with  18  others  in  the 


mountains,  some  50  miles  West  of  Denver,  Col- 
orado, the}'  were   surrounded    by    forest   fires 
start ('(1  by  Indians,  when  all  of  the  party  but 
hims(^ifand  one  other  were   burned  to  death, 
whiU'  he  escaped  07ily  with   severe  injury.     In 
1859  Mr.    Bow(Mi  n^tui'nd  to  Lenawee  County, 
wliei'e  he  remaiiieil  unl-il  after  the  beginning  of 
the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  when   he  enlisted  in 
the   Fourth    Michigan    Cavalry,   in    which    he 
served  until  wounded  at   the    battle   of  Stone 
River,  and  on  the  7tli  of  March,  1863,  was  hon- 
orably discharged  at  Murfreesboro,  Tennessee, 
when  he  returned  to  Adrian,  Micliigan.     His 
wound   ]ireventing  his  return   to  the    field,  ho 
was  active  in  enlisting  atid    organizing  several 
Companies  for  the  Ninth  and   Eleventh    Regi- 
ments, Michigan  Cavahy.     His  brother,  Elmer 
Bowen,  a  member  of  the  Ninth  Michigan,  was 
with  Sherman  on  the  "  March  to  the  Sea,"  and 
now    resides     at     Ypsilanti,    Michigan ;     one 
brother  in-law,  H.  C.  Ingraham,  of  the  Eight- 
eenth Michigan  Infantry;  another  brother-in- 
law,  Chauney  Cunningham,    transferred   from 
the  same  Regiment  to  Tennessee  Cavalry,  was 
killed  by  bushwhackers.     Three  cousins  of  his 
were  killed  in  the  service — Silas  Pierce,  of  a 
New  York  Regiment,  in  the  Wilderness;  Lo- 
renzo   Smith,   of  Fourth    Michigan   Infantry, 
killed  in  the  Wilderness;  and  Allen  Smith,  of 
Ninth    Michigan    Cavalry,    killed  in  Georgia. 
In  1871  Ml-.  Bowen  became  a  resident  of  Adams 
Townshij)  and  has  since  remained   such.     He 
has  been  largely  engaged  in  growing  Fruit,  in 
which  he  has  been  successful.     Politically  he  is 
actively  a  Democrat.     Ho  has  held  most  of  the 
im]iortant  Township  offices,  now  serving  in  his 
.second  term  as  Justice  of  the  Peace.     His  Post 
Office  address  is  Toledo.     In   1866  Mr.  Bowen 
was  married  with  Miss  Cecelia  J.,  daughter   of 
Philoand  Louisa  (Hascall)  Carter.  Mrs.  Bowen 
was   born    in    Cuba.    Alleghany  County,  New 
York,  October  21,  1848      They  have  had   five 
children — Chester  P.,  born  in  Adrian,  July  22, 
1867  ;  Louis  A.,    born    at    Toledo,    August   9, 
1869  (dying  November  29,1875);  Clarence  and 
Lawrence,  born  August  4,  1875;  and   Lorena 
June,  born  March  5,  1883. 

ORGANIZATION    OF    ADAMS    TOWNSHIP. 

The  following  resolution  of  the  County  Com- 
missioners, adopted  December  3, 1856,  describes 
the  territory  in  the  Township  of  Carey  as  then 
set  off.  No  change  has  since  been  made,  ex- 
cejit  in  the  name  of  the  Township),  changed 
from  Carey  to  Adams  in  1860: 

lienohed,  )»>'  the  Comniissiiiucrs  of  Lucas  County, 
that  the  territory  heretofore  belonging  to  the  'I'nwn- 
ship  of  Port  Lawrence,  and  which  was  on  the  I'd  day 
of  December,  A.  D.  18.^56,  set  off  from  said  Townshii) 
of  Port  Lawrence  and  annexed  tu  the  Township  of 
!;'pringfield.  together  with  Sections  numbers  4,  .">  rtiid 
d  in  Town  No.  I!,  United  .States  Reserve  ;  the  South 
fractional  lialf  of  Sections  number  :il,  32,  S3  and  34  in 
Town  No.  y,  S.  R.  T.  E.;  tlie  South  fractional  lialf  of 


846 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Section  No.  Sfi,  T.  9,  S.  of  R.  6  E.;  Sections  numbers 
1,  2  and  12  ;  the  East  half  of  Sections  numbers  11,  14 
and  2;i  and  fractional  Sections  13  and  24,  all  in  Town 
2  U.  S.  K.;  fractional  Section  No.  19,  Town  3,  U.  S. 
R.;  all  that  portion  of  Private  Grants  numbers  575, 
578,  579,  5.S0  and  581  which  was  formerly  in  Spring- 
field Township ;  also  all  that  territory  which  was 
fonnerly  in  Waynesfield  Township,  lying  Northeast 
of  Private  Grant  No.  581  extending  to  the  centre  of 
the  Maumee  River ;  thence  down  the  River,  to  the 
Southwest  corner  of  the  City  of  Toledo,  be  estab- 
lished as  the  Township  of  Carey  ;  and  that  the  first 
meeting  for  the  election  of  officers  for  .said  new  Town- 
ship lie  held  at  the  house  of  Henry  Driver  on  Decem- 
ber 22,  1856. 

Accordingly  the  first  Township  meeting  was 
held  and  the  following  officers  elected:  Trus- 
tees—Peter H.  Shaw,  Darius  Mills,  J.  P.  Hill. 
Clerk -G.  W.  Norton.  Treasurer  —  Elisha 
Mulford. 

Mr.  Mulford  served  as  Treasurer  two  years. 
The  ioUowing  have  served  as  Treasurer  since: 

William  Larkin,  1858;  Walter  Woodward,  1859- 
62 ;  Warren  H.  Howe,  1862 ;  S.  S.  Kingsley  1863  ; 
Hiram  W.  Haughton,  1864-73;  M.  M.  Goulden,  1873- 
75;  G.  AV.  Norton,  1875-79;  John  Halpin,  1879; 
Squire  Johnson,  1879-82;  David  Byrne,  1882-87. 

Clerks— G.  W.  Norton,  1856-62  ;  Alonzo  Lane, 
1862-64  ;  S.  D.  Wilcox,  1864  ;  Alonzo  Lane,  1865-72  ; 
Samuel  W.  Cass,  1872 ;  Edward  L.  Jones,  1873 ;  Oliver 
C.  Wilson,  1874;  Henry  Woodward,  1875;  David 
Byrne,  1876;  Orlando  Lane,  1877-79;  C.  R.  Bowen, 
1879-84 ;  H.  Miller,  1884-86  ;  Lewis  Dennis,  1887. 

Justices  of  the  Peace — B.  F.  Cunningham,  Walter 
Woodward,  1857-63;  Charles  F.  Bates,  Jeremiah 
Reynolds,  1863-69  ;  Harvey  Kellogg.  A.  D.  Jones, 
1869-72 ;  James  B.  Robinson,  Weslev  C.  Palmer, 
1872-78;  Wesley  C.  Palmer,  C.  R.  Bowen,  1878-81; 
Harvey  Kellogg,  Silas  M.  Johnson,  1881-84  ;  Harvey 
Kellogg,  Charles  W.  Cass,  1884-87;  Charles  R.  Bowen, 
Henry  V.  Hawkins,  1887. 

The  citizen.s  of  Adams  Township  were  active 
in  raising  Volunteers  and  relief  for  the  Soldiers 
and  Soldiers'  families  during  the  War.  A 
Soldiers'  Aid  Society  was  maintained,  and 
many  festivals  held.  On  January  7,  1865,  a 
branch  of  the  United  States  Christian  Commis- 
sion was  organized,  with  Capt.  G.  W.  Norton 
as  President,  Hai'vey  Kellogg  as  Secretary, 
and  S.  D.  Wilcox  as  Treasurer.  Besides 
various  supplies,  there  was  raised  in  cash 
during  the  few  months  before  the  close  of  the 
War,  $121.81.  The  Townshi]!  furnished  more 
than  its  quota,  sending  in  ail  into  the  service 
89  men  out  of  a  population  (in  18(j0)  of  750 
inhabitants.  Some  40  or  more  persons  who 
lived  at  the  time  or  had  previously  lived 
in  Adams  Township,  enlisted  in  Battery  H, 
First  Regiment,  Ohio  Volunteer  Artillery,  and 
served  during  the  War  in  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  and  on  their  return  home  in  June, 
1865,  met  with  a  warm  reception  from  the 
citizens. 

October  8,  1867,  the  Trustees  of  Adams 
Township,  Peter  Y.  Mersereau,  S.  D.  Wilcox 
and  John  Shull,  purchased  of  D.  F.  Cook  four 
acres  of  land  for  a  Cemetery.  The  price  paid 
for  the  ground  was  $500. 


The  population  of  the  Township  in  1860, 
was  750;  in  1880,  1,519.  The  Townghip  has 
nine  School  Districts  with  the  same  number  of 
substantial  brick  School-houses. 

UNION    CHURCH. 

There  is  but  one  Church  edifice  in  Adams 
Township,  and  it  is  of  quite  recent  construc- 
tion. When  tlie  Township  was  .set  off  many  of 
the  religious  people  residing  within  its  limits 
had  their  Church  relations  in  Toledo,  Sylvania, 
Springfield  and  Maumee,  and  the  need  for  a 
local  Church  was  not  so  much  felt.  Hence,  for 
a  long  time,  although  services  were  held  occa- 
sionally in  School-houses  and  in  the  Town  Hall, 
there  was  neither  meeting-house  nor  resident 
minister  within  the  Township.  The  following 
incident  may  be  worth  relating  in  this  connec- 
tion :  One  of  the  pioneers  (Mr.  Harvcj'  Kellogg) 
being  a  delegate  from  Adams  Townsiiip  to  a 
Sunday  School  Convention  at  Maumee  soon  after 
the  Township  was  organized,  on  being  called 
upon  for  a  reportfrom  his  Township,  remarkc<l : 
"  We  have  no  Church  nor  Minister  nor  Lawyer 
in  Adams  Township,  but  a  Doctor  has  lately 
moved  in, and  the  Trustees  have  laid  outground 
for  a  Cemetery."  The  mention  of  the  need  for 
aburying-ground  in  such  connection,  provoked 
considerable  merriment  and  got  reported  in 
the  papers  at  the  time  as  an  "excellent  hit  by 
a  member  from  the  rural  districts." 

In  1882  the  women,  without  regard  to  de- 
nominational proclivities,  made  a  movement  to 
have  a  Church  on  Dorr  Sti-eet,  at  its  junction 
with  Miami  and  Sylvania  Free  Turnpike. 

On  Maj-  12,  1882,  a  meeting  was  held  at  the 
residence  of  Harvej'  Kellogar,  and  the  Woman's 
Christian  Association  of  Adams  Township  was 
formed.  It  was  incorporated  June  20,  1882, 
and  the  following  officers  were  elected  :  Presi- 
dent, Mrs.  H.  Kellogg;  Secretary,  Mrs.  Alice 
Thompson ;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  A.  Lape.  Trus- 
tees, H.  Kellogg,  H.  V.  Hawkins,   L.  E.  Rowe. 

The  Association  proceeded  to  erect  a  Church 
on  a  lot  donated  for  the  purpose  by  H.  P.  and 
V.  Glenn,  on  the  corner  above  named,  which 
was  fini.*hed  and  dedicated  as  a  Non-sectarian 
or  Union  Ciiurch  in  the  Fall  of  1883.  The  cost 
of  the  building  was  12,000.  It  is  divided  into 
audience  room  and  room  lor  the  mee'tings  of 
the  Association,  and  the  pulpit  is  supjiiied  from 
the  Detroit  Avenue  M.  E.  Church. 

The  Township  has  a  good  substantial  Town 
Hall,  which  is  open  for  preaching,  but  is  not  at 
present  regularly  supplied 

The  Township  has  always  had  a  number  of 
earnest  Sunday  School  workers,  and  has  been 
usually  represented  in  the  County  Sunday 
School  Union. 

Washingtonian  and  Good  Templar  Societies 
were  some  of  the  means  for  promoting  temper- 
ance in  the  Township  before  and  during  the 
War.     A  strong  organization  of  the  Sons  and 


MONCLOVA    TOWNSHIP. 


S47 


Daugblera  of  Tomperaiico  was  kept  up  for 
several  years.  Tlie  ovganization  embraced  a 
large  iminbcr  of'the  young  ladies  of  the  Town- 
ship, and  among  the  active  members  were  sncli 
heads  of  families  as  G.  W.  Norton,  .1.  1'.  Robi- 
son,  Harvey   Kellogg,    Alonzo   Lane,    Hamiicl 


Cass,  George  Naugle,  A  T.  Jonos,  Henry  Driver 

and  other. 

S.  M.  .roiinson  and  others,  of  late  3'car8,  have 
been  strong  atlvocates  of  Prohibition,  but  Iho 
]parl3'  vole  in  the  Township  has  never  been 
over  1 1. 


MONCLOVA    TOWNSHIP. 


The  Township  of  Monclova  lies  partly  upon 
tiie  Mauniee  Iviver  at  the  head  of  the  J^apids, 
and  is  included  in  the  oldest  settled  sections  of 
tlie  JIaumee  Valley.  According  to  tradition, 
the  French  built  a  Stockade  and  estaljlished  a 
Ti-ading-post  with  tiie  Indians  at  tlie  Rajuds  of 
the  Maumee  as  early  as  KJSO.  However  that 
may  be,  it  is  tpiite  probable  that  French  traders 
and  adventurers  from  Raisin  or  Detroit  occu- 
pied the  site  of  the  Rapids  before  the  British 
built  Fort  Miami.  In  Knapp's  History  of  tbe 
Maumee  Valley  we  find  the  following  : 

Soon  after  the  victory  of  General  Wayne  and  the 
evacuation  of  Fort  Miami  by  the  British,  many 
French  and  Americans  settled  at  the  foot  of  the 
Rajpids.  In  October,  1S07,  James  t'avlin  (Government 
Blacksmith)  and  family  removed  from  the  River 
Kaisin  to  Mauniee  City  ;  and  his  son,  Squire  Carlin, 
now  a  resident  of  flancock  County,  states  that  when 
his  father  and  family  reached  the  place  now  known 
as  Maiiniec  ('ity,  tlie  foHiiwiiig  were  residents  of  the 
neighborhood  :  Three  families  of  Ewing  (the  Chris- 
tian names  of  two  being  William,  but  the  first  name 
of  the  third  not  by  him  recollected),  William  and 
Andrew  Race  and  a  Mr.  Carter — making  a  total  of  six 
American  families. 

Mrs.  Maria  Reed,  now  residing  at  Monclova, 
who  settled  there  in  1818,  having  lived  three 
years  previous  at  Perrysburg,  has  been  able  to 
give  the  writer  the  name  of  the  third  Ewing 
not  remembered  bj'  Mr.  Carlin.  She  says  it 
was  Samuel  Fjwing,  and  that  he  built  the  first 
mill  on  Swan  Creek  within  the  jircsent  Village 
of  Monclova,  sometime  belong  the  War  of  1812. 
It  was  destroyed  during  the  War,  among  many 
other  depredations  committed  by  the  British 
and  Indians  in  this  section  ;  but  was  rebuiltby 
her  father,  Ephraim  H.  Learning,  and  his 
bi'other,  Thomas,  in  1817.  In  the  Sjiring  of 
1818,  Mr.  Leaming  removed  his  family  from 
Perrysburg  to  Monclova,  and  settled  on  lands 
which  he  iiad  purchased  from  the  Government 
when  tbe  Reserve  lands  were  ofl'ercd  lor  sale 
ill  1817.  The  only  settler  who  had  preceded 
them  to  the  immediate  neighborhood  was 
Daniel  Murra}-,  who,  with  his  family,  lived  in 
a  log-cabin  where  John  Black  now  lives,  on  the 
bank  of  Dry  Creek.  Mr.  Murr;iy  moved  out  of 
the  Township  (or  what  is  now  the  Townshi]j), 
in  1824.  None  of  his  descendants  are  now  liv- 
ing in  Monclova. 

That  there  were  settlers  within  the  bounda- 
ries of  the  present  Township  previous  to  the 
War  of  1812-15,  seems  evident.     Kuajjp  says- — 


quoting,  probably,  from  reminiscences  of  H.  Ij. 
Hosmer  : 

The  inUlligciice  that  War  was  declared  in  1S12 
was  first  communicated  to  the  white  settlers  at  tlie 
foot  of  the  Rapids  and  at  Monclova  (these  places  then 
being  the  only  white  settlements  between  Lower  San- 
<lusky  and  Frenchtown  or  Monroe)  by  Peter  Manor, 
of  rrovidence. 

The  War  jirobably  scattered  the  first  settlers 
from  the  Townshipi,  and  few,  if  any  of  them 
ever  returned.  Among  those  who  were  settlers 
before  the  War  (of  1812),  and  probably  as  early 
as  1807,  as  stated  by  Mr.  Carlin,  undoubtedly 
Samuel  Ewing  was  one,  for  Mrs.  Reed's  recol- 
lection is  that  Anthony,  son  of  Samuel  Ewing, 
is  reputed  to  have  been  the  first  white  child 
born  in  the  Township  (in  1808). 

Ephraim  H.  Leaming  (father  of  Mrs.  Reed 
above  referred  to)  was  born  in  New  York  State 
and  came  from  Livingston  County  to  Perrys- 
burg in  1815.  He  and  his  brother,  Thomas, 
who  was  early  associated  with  him  in  business, 
were  t'arpenters  and  Mill-Wrights.  Alter  they 
bad  rebuilt  the  old  Ewing  mill  at  Monclova, 
they  furnished  much  of  the  lumber  for  the  resi- 
dences of  General  Hunt  and  Major  Forsyth  at 
Maumee— the  finest  residence  at  that  time  in 
the  country.  Thomas  Leaming  was  the  builder 
of  one  or  both  of  these  mansions.  The  lunibei' 
was  drawn  by  the  Leamings  from  their  mill 
with  ox  teams.  Swan  Creek  was  then  a  fine 
mill-stream,  and  probably  the  first  mill  ever 
erected  ujion  its  banks  was  that  which  stood 
liefore  the  War  of  1812-15,  a  few  rods  aliove 
the  bridirc  at  3Iain  Street  in  _Monclova. 

Ephraim  II.  Leaming  bmught  with  him  froni 
Livingston  County,  New  York,  his  wife  Mary, 
and  three  children — Maria,  Ephraim  and 
Thomas  H.  Ephraim  was  drowned  in  the 
Maumee  at  Perrysburg  in  1817.  Thomas  H. 
Leaming,  the  other  son,  was  born  in  the  State 
of  New  York,  Januarj'  27,  1814,  and  tlied  at  his 
residence  in  Monclova  (part  of  the  old  paternal 
homestead),  June  21,  18m5.  As  the  oldest  male 
settler  of  ihc  Townshi]),  and  of  a  considerable 
larger  section  as  well,  he  was  President  of  the 
Pioneer  Association  for  several  years  befoi'c  his 
death.  He  was  married  with  Huldah,  daughter 
ot  Charles  Merrill,  a  native  of  Maine  and  an 
old  settler  in  Ambo\' Township,  Fulton  (Jounty. 
Their  son,  W.  G.  Leaming,  is  the  jprescnt  t'lerk 
of  Monclova  Township. 

Maria  Learning  (widow   of  Anson  Reed,  de- 


848 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUC  AH  COUNTY. 


ceased),  was  born  in  Livingston  Countj-,  New 
York,  July  17,  1800,  and  caiiio  to  Perr^-sburg 
witli  ber  parents  in  1815.  Since  the  Spring  of 
1818  slio  has  resided  on  the  homestead  in  Mon- 
clova,  is  now  in  the  78th  j-ear  of  her  age,  with 
mind  remarkably'  bright  and  clear,  and  is  the 
oldest  living  settler  in  the  Township.  She  was 
married  with  Mr.  Eeed  January  1,  1834,  and 
has  one  daughter,  Mary  (Mrs.  Jacob  Brown), 
residing  in  Swanton. 

Hezckiah  Hubbcll,  father  of  the  present 
Postmaster  at  Monclova,  was  one  of  the  early 
settlers.  He  bought  of  the  Governtment  in 
1831,  the  East  half  of  the  Northwest  quarter  of 
Section  five.  Town  one.  United  States  Reserve, 
on  which  he  settled  the  year  of  his  purchase. 
In  1833  he  entered  the  West  half  of  the  North- 
west quarter  of  section  32.  Mr.  Hubbell  was  a 
substantial  and  enterprising  farmer.  He  was 
married  with  Anna  Steel,  and  had  five  children, 
two  of  whom  live  in  the  Township,  viz.:  C.  L. 
Hubbell,  the  Postmaster,  referred  to  above,  and 
Clarinda,  widow  of  the  late  William  Wilson. 
Mr.  Hezekiah  Hubbell  died  in  1846.  The  Wil- 
liam Wilson  above  mentioned,  was  a  son  of 
Judge  Wilson  who  platted  the  Town  of  Sylva- 
nia  in  1836.  C.  L.  Hubbell,  in  1836,  built  the 
store  and  residence  where  he  now  lives  in  the 
Village.  Besides  his  mercantile  business  and 
the  Post  Office,  he  keeps  the  only  hotel  in  the 
place. 

Aaron  Trapp,  son  of  John  Trapp,  one  of  the 
leading  men  of  the  Township,  also  keeps  a 
store  in  the  Village,  and  has  been  Postmaster, 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  Township  Trustee,  and 
filled  other  official  stations. 

Another  oarlj-  settler  who  should  be  men- 
tioned in  this  connection  is  Mr.  Conrad  Coder, 
who  came  into  the  Township  in  1834.  The 
farm  on  which  he  has  resided  for  over  half  a 
century  is  situated  near  the  Village,  while  his 
son,  W.  W.  Coder,  lives  upon  the  adjoining 
estate  on  the  bank  of  Swan  Creek.  Both  are 
beautiful  and  well-improved  farms.  Six  chil- 
dren, of  Mr.  Coder's  large  family  of  15,  are  liv- 
ing. The  following  are  residents  of  the  Town- 
ship :  W.  W.  Coder,  above  referred  to,  Jeremiah, 
John  and  Elizabeth  (the  latter  Mrs.  Peter  S. 
Strayer).  Mr.  Conrad  Coder  has  attained  the 
age  of  77  years.  His  wife  died  in  1872.  W. 
W.  Coder  has  taken  an  active  partin  Township 
and  local  affairs,  being  a  trustworthy  as  well 
as  a  well-informed  and  competent  businessman. 
His  Towns-people  have  kept  him,  bj'  successive 
elections,  24  years  in  the  office  of  Justice  of  the 
Peace.  He  has  served  also  many  years  as 
Township  Clerk,  and  as  member  of  the  Board 
of  Education,  of  which  he  is  President.  Mr. 
Coder  was  married  in  1863  with  Harriet  Jane 
Merritt.  Of  their  two  sons,  Frank  and  Edgar, 
the  former  is  a  law  student  in  Toledo,  and  the 
other  at  home  on  the  farm. 

John  Barton  resides  on  the  East  half  of  the 
Southeast  quarter  of  Section  13,  land  which  he 


entered  in  1841.  He  has  about  300  acres  and 
is  a  wealthy  farmer. 

Peter  P.  Bateman  (ileceased)  was  an  earlj- 
and  prosperous  settler.  He  entered  the  East 
half  of  the  Northwest  quarter  of  Section  24,  but 
sold  out  and  bought  in  the  River  track.  His 
sons,  William  A.  and  Frederick  Bateman,  are 
heirs  to  his  large  estate,  on  which  they  reside. 

C4eorge  Allen  died  at  Monclova  in  1878,  aged 
70  years.  He  bought  his  land  from  the  Gov- 
ernment in  1834,  and  settled  whci'e  his  widow 
and  family  now  resides  in  1841.  He  was  born 
in  County  Tyrone,  Ireland,  in  1808  ;  married, 
first,  Elizabeth  Oswalt,  by  whom  he  had  six 
children  ;  his  second  wife,  now  surviving,  was 
Elizabeth  Jones,  they  being  married  in  1854. 
Their  two  children  are  Mary  E.  Myers  and 
John  W.  Allen.  Mr.  Allen  was  highly  esteemed 
by  his  fellow-citizens  as  a  man  of  integrity  of 
character. 

Few  citizens  have  taken  a  more  active  inter- 
est in  Township  atl'airs  than  Warren  B.  Giinn, 
who  was  the  first  Township  Clerk  in  1S53,  and 
served  in  that  and  other  offices  manj'  years. 
He  came  to  the  County  in  Sejitember,  1820. 
He  is  still  living  and  ranks  among  the  mo.'st 
worthy  of  the  old  settlers,  and  by  virtue  of 
priority  of  residence,  is  President  of  the  Mau- 
mee  Valley  Historical  Society. 

The  following  is  a  partial  list  of  the  oldest 
settlers  now  remaining:  Maria  Reed,  John 
Strayer,  Warren  B.  Gunn,  Conrad  Coder,  Adam 
Black,  Conrad  Noble,  William  Weible,  Henry 
Heffelbower. 

It  is  recorded  as  a  fact  applicable  to  the 
pioneers  of  Monclova,  as  of  the  Maumee  Valley 
generally,  that  of  the  many  families  who  lived 
on  the  Reservation  of  12  miles  S([uare  at  the 
foot  of  the  Rapids,  ]irevious  to  the  War  of  1812- 
15,  and  returned  afterwards,  not  one  was  ad- 
dicted to  the  habit  of  intemperance  or  practical 
dishonestj'  in  dealing;  but  all  were  esteemed 
as  good  citizens. 

JOHN  STRAYER  was  born  July  4,  1811, 
in  Fayette  County,  Pennsylvania.  His  father, 
Peter  Strayer,  was  a  native  of  York  County, 
same  Slate,  the  family  being  of  Gorman  de- 
scent. When  the  son  was  about  four  years  old, 
they  removed  to  Stark  County,  Ohio,  where  he 
remained  until  21  years  of  age  (1832).  He 
then  came  to  the  Maumee  Valley,  and  pur- 
chased the  Southeast  quarter  of  Section  33, 
Town  Two,  United  States  Reserve  (now  in 
Monclova  Township,  Lucas  County,  and  at 
once  began  life  in  the  wilderness.  He  built  a 
log-house  on  the  East  half  of  his  purchase  in 
the  Spring  of  1833,  and  in  the  Autumn  follow- 
ing was  joined  in  marriage  with  Susan 
Schwartz,  a  native  of  Harrison  County,  born 
November  8,  1813.  The  young  couple  at  once 
came  to  their  forest  home,  where  thej'  have 
since  lived  to  see  the  wilderness  give  place  to 
improved   farms  and  .jirosperous  Towns   and 


f 


ciy^z-^'^o^      <^7irtivUz/%^ 


MONCLOVA    TOWNSHII'. 


849 


Cities,   and    tlie     Iiuiian    witlidniw   to    make 
rodiii  fortlic  intnulinii- white  man.    At  tlie  first, 
a  )iai't  of  Mr.    Strayor's  land   was   ()ccii|iiod  as 
an  Indian  campiiig-gi-ound  ;  ijiit  tlicir  relations 
with  the  white   conier.s    were    aiwiiys    jieaeedil 
and    pleasant.     Tiie   olistaeles,  hardsliijjs    and 
joys  incident  to  pioneer  life,  wore  their  e.\]ieri- 
eiicc  during  the  long  years  of  toil    which  Mr. 
and  J\Irs.   Stra^or    were  called    to   meet.     Ten 
children  were  born  to  them — six  sons  and  four 
daughters.     Two   of  the    former   (Daniel    and 
John),  were  volunteers  in  the  great  loyal  Arinj' 
which  made  successful  defense  of  the   Nation's 
life     against    Ecbellion      The     latter    named 
oft'ered  up  his  life  for  the  Union,  having  con- 
tracted disease  while  in  the  service  and  died  at 
Ringgold,  Georgia,  April  11,  1864.     Both  were 
in    Company    I,    Fourteentli    Ohio    Infanti-y. 
Daniel,   with    five    other   living    children,  are 
new    comfortably  situated    on    farms    in    the 
vicinity  of  the  old  homestead,   which  has  been 
held  now  for  over    54  years.     Politically,    Mi'. 
Strayer  acted  with  the  Whig  party  until  it  was 
disbanded    and    succeeded  bj'  the  Eepnblican 
party.     His  first  vote   for  President  was   cast 
for  General    Wm.  H.  Harrison,    in  1840.     He 
was  at  Fort  Meigs  in  June,  1840,  when  General 
Harrison  attended  the  memorable    eelebi'ation 
of  the  British  siege  of  that  fortress.     He  was 
in  sentiment   strongly    Anti-Slaverj^  and    for 
many  years  before    the    removal  of  that  great 
wrong,  the    prayer    statcdlj-   ascended    at  his 
family  devotion    for    the  deliverance    of  those 
"in    bonds."     In    religious  faith    their    views 
were  those  of  the  Church  known  as  the  United 
Brethren  in  Christ,  with    which   they  activelj- 
CO  operate    and    in    support    of     wfiich    their 
means  were  freely  bestowed.     Thej'  have  long 
been  strongly  opposed  in  sentiment  to  secrecy 
in  associations  of  every  description,  believing 
such   connection  to  be  inconsistent    with    the 
Christian  profession.     Among  the  earlier  inci- 
dents of  their  life  in  the   Woods,  was  the  cele- 
brated meteoric  shower  of  the  night  of  Novem- 
ber 5,  1833,   which    occurred    very    soon    after 
their  forest  home  had  been    estaldished.     The 
aged    couple    were   permitted  on  the    27th  of 
August,  1883,  to  celebrate  the  50th  anniversary 
of  their    marriage,    with  a    large  gathering  of 
children,     grand-children     and     great-grand- 
children and    friends    and    neighbors.     They 
have  been    singularly  hapjiy  in    their  family, 
both  in  the  number  and  the  pervading  sympa 
thy    of  the    members.     Few    domestic    circles 
have    been    as    happy    in     theii-    relations — a 
state   of    things  largely    due    to   the    uniform 
religious      sentiment     which     pervaded     their 
home. 

ORGANIZATION    OF    THE     TOWNSHIP. 

The  citizens  of  Monclova  petitioned  the 
Board  of  County  Commissioners  March  7,  1853, 
to  set  them  off  as  a  separate  Township,  to   be 


known  as  Monclova,  Lucas  County.  The  peti- 
tion was  received  and  laid  u])on  (he  table. 
March  ilth  it  was  taken  u]),  the  ]ietitioners  and 
remonstrants  heard,  for  ami  against  the  propo- 
sition, and  action  u]ion  it  Jiiade  a  special  order 
foi'  the  adjourned  meeting  March  14,  185:!.  At 
this  meeting  the  Township  of  Waynestield  was 
divided,  the  new  boundai'ies  of  Spi-ing(ield 
Township  established,  and  Monclova  consti- 
tuted. 

The  first  meeting  for  the  election  ol'  Town- 
ship officers  was  appointed  to  be  hehl  on  llie 
first  Monday  in  April,  1853.  The  record  con- 
taining the  elections  and  official  proci^edings  to 
the  Townshiji  for  about  25  years  are  lost,  and 
all  that  can  be  done  is  to  give  such  ]>artial  dala 
as  may  be  gleaned  from  olliei'  sources. 

In  April,  1853,  the  Board  of  I'jducatioM  metal 
the  house  ol  B.  T.  Barnes  and  oigani/.cd  by 
electing  J.  O.  Allen  Chairman.  W.  B.  (iunn. 
Clerk  of  the  Townshij),  acted  as  clerk.  Reso- 
lutions were  adopted  for  the  government  of  the 
Schools  in  the  Township,  and  J.  O.  Allen  was 
ajjpointed  acting  manager.  The  Board  in  1855 
consisted  of  Peter  Blyslone,  Peter  Bomgardner, 
H.  L.  Crossett,  John  Weible,  Jesse  Keri',  and 
Warren  B.  Gunn — the  latter  as  Clerk.  Thei-c 
were  then  six  Districts  in  the  Township. 

The  first  School-house  was  a  frame  building, 
erected  in  the  Village  on  ground  given  by  Ilez- 
ekiah  Hubbell  in  1838.  It  stood  on  the  prem- 
ises now  occupied  by  J^aron  Trapp,  near  his 
residence,  and  was  superseded  bj'  the  frame 
School-house  which  stands  in  the  rear  of  the 
present  School  buildinL',  and  which  a  few  years 
ago  Avas  repaired  by  the  Disciples  Church  for 
their  religious  meetings.  The  present  School - 
house  in"  the  Village  is  a  substantial  brick 
structure,  the  upper  stor)-  of  which  is  fitted  \\\t 
for  a  Townshi]i  Hall.  The  School  ornjiloystwo 
Teachers  in  Winter  and  one  in  Summer.  There 
arc  now  seven  Districts  in  the  Township,  with 
substantial  brick  School-houses.  The  nunihcr 
of  persons  of  School  age  is  185  males,  l(i8  fe- 
males, total  353.     Number  of  votes  cast,  245. 

The  following  named  persons  have  been 
Treasurers  of  Monclova  Township  since  its  or- 
ganization :  Adam  Black,  Solomon  Salisbury, 
John  Trapp,  John  Strayer,  Lewis  Metzger  (14 
vears— lStJ()-80),  AaronTrapp  (1880-86),  J  cseph 
Hain  (1886),  Lewis  Metzger  (1887). 

Clerks  since  1880— W.  W.  Coder,  to  1887; 
W.  G.  Learning,  1887. 

Trustees  since  1880 — Jeremiah  Coder,  J.  A. 
Nachtrab,  John  Ward,  1880;  William  IJlay- 
stone,  Jeremiah  Coder,  William  Lose,  1881  ;  J. 
O.  Holloway,  William  Kraystone,  Daniel  Stray- 
er, 1882;  C.  L.  Hubbell,  C.  H.  Iloberts,  Joseph 
Hain,  1883;  Jacob  AVeckesley,  William  Jjose, 
J.  E.  Farmer,  1884;  Jacob  Weekesly,  William 
Lose,  J.  E.  Farmer,  1885;  Laban  Lowi-y,  ('has. 
Decker,  Wilson  Davis,  1886;  Charles  Decker, 
Andrew  Baker,  Daniel  Keener,  1887. 


850 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


JOHN  "WEIBLB  was  born  in  Westmoreland 
I'oiinty,  Pennsylvania,  Defcmber  21,  1815.  He 
is  the  oldest  son  of  William  N.  and  Hannah 
(Lose)  Wcible,  of  German  descent.  His  father 
was  born  at  Sea,  June  15,  1788,  diirintc  the  voy- 
age of  his  grand-]iarents  from  Germanj'  to 
America;  hedied  in  MonolovaTownshipin  1857, 
aged  <iO,  his  wife  having  died  in  August,  1851. 
William  and  Hannah  Weible  had  a  family  of 
eleven  ciiildren — five  sons  and  six  daughters; 
five  are  yet  living,  John  Weible,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch,  being  the  only  ofthe  family'  residing 
in  Jlonclova  Township.  Mr.  Weible  was 
bi'ought  u])  in  his  native  Town  in  Pennsylva- 
nia; received  such  an  educati(jn  as  the  common 
Schools  of  that  day  and  his  opportunities  af- 
forded ;  learned  the  carpenter's  trade,  and 
followed  that  occupation  during  the  early  part 
of  his  life.  Being  at  the  same  time  a  diligent 
reader  and  close  observer,  he  acquired  much 
information,  which  he  has  been  able  to  turn  to 
good  account,  not  only  financiallj-,  but  in  the 
creditable  manner  in  which  he  has  deported 
himself  in  his  various  relations.  Few  men  in 
his  .station  are  better  informed  on  most  practi- 
cal subjects,  or  have  more  prompt  and  accurate 
habits  of  business,  that  has  Mr.  Weible.  He 
was  married  in  Pennsylvania,  December  21, 
1837,  with  Miss  Eebecea  Rhodes.  In  1853 
he  removed  to  Lucas  County  and  settled 
on  land  purchased  of  Martin  Walter,  adjoining 
the  farm  on  which  he  now  resides.  He  has 
here  a  well-kept  and  comfortable  farm  and 
residence,  on  a  rise  of  ground  overlooking  the 
Swan  Creek  Valley.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Weible  have 
had  no  children  of  their  own,  but  they  have 
brought  up  t«o  orphans,  whom  they  have 
])arentally  cared  (or  and  assisted  in  settlement. 
Mr.  Weible  early  embraced  the  faith  and 
worship  ofthe  United  Brethren,  in  the  fellow- 
ship of  which  Church  he  has  spent  most  of  his 
life.  He  has  been  since  his  profession  of  reli- 
gion an  active  worker  in  the  cause  of  Missions 
and  Sunday  Schools.  For  six  years  he  has  held 
the  office  of  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  his  Town- 
ship, and  for  the  same  length  of  time  has  been 
a  Director  of  the  Count}'  Infirmary.  In  1870 
he,  with  other  citizens,  got  up  a  subscription 
for  a  Soldiers'  Monument,  which  was  placed  in 
the  Cemetery  to  commemorate  the  deeds  of 
those  who  served  their  country  in  the  late  War. 
In  many  ways  he  has  been  an  active  promoter 
ofthe  welfare  ofthe  Soldiers  and  manifested 
his  patriotism  during  the  Eobellion. 

MONCI.OVA  VILLAGE 

Was  laid  out  and  recorded  by  O.  H.  Beatty  and 
Hezekiah  Hubbell,  May  27,  1836.  Main  Street, 
running  North  87  degrees  East,  is  the  principal 
Street.  The  other  Streets  (at  right  angles)  are 
Farmers,  Mechanics,  Spring,  Wood,  Eaisin, 
Market,  etc.  The  Village  is  situated  centrally 
in  the  Township,  and  since   the  organization 


has  been  the  place  of  the  Township  business. 
It  contains  two  stores  (those  of  C.  L.  Hubbell 
and  Aaron  Trapp),  Post  Office,  two  Churches, 
a  Wagon  Shop,  Blacksmith  Shop,  Hotel,  School- 
house,  Townshi])  Hall,  etc. 

There  is  a  Railroad  Station  at  the  Village  on 
the  Wabash  Railroad,  established  in  1804,  and 
another  on  the  Toledo,  St.  Louis  and  Kansas 
City  Road,  at  Presque  Isle  Hill. 

The  Post  Office  was  established  in  1854,  at 
Monclova,  with  Benjamin  P.  Barnes  as  Post- 
master. The  following  have  been  the  Post- 
masters since:  Frank  Evans,  1859;  T.  H. 
Learning,  18ti(J  ;  C.  L.  Hubbell,  1866-73  ;  Elias 
Trapp,  1874;  Aaron  Trapp,  1875-85;  C.  L. 
Hubbell,  1887. 

CHURCHES. 

There  are  two  Churches  of  the  United  Breth- 
ren in  the  Township.  William  Otterbein  was 
the  founder  of  this  denomination  in  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1774,  and  many  ofthe  early  settlers  in 
Northwestern  Ohio  being  from  Pennsylvania, 
and  of  that  faith,  it  was  natural  that  Churches 
ofthe  order  should  spring  up  in  the  settle- 
ments. Rev.  Messrs.  Needles  and  Bright  were 
among  the  first  preachers  ofthe  United  Breth- 
ren in  Monclova,  and  held  services  in  tiie 
School-houses  and  private  residences.  Others 
who  came  later  and  were  settled  as  Pastors 
were:  Revs.  J.  Thomas,  James  Martin,  James 
Long,  G.  W.  Crawford,  William  and  George 
Dinius,  Joseph  Fink  and  J.  K.  Alhvood.  Rev. 
J.  B.  Hawkins  is  the  present  Pastor.  There 
are  two  Churches,  both  neat  brick  edifices. 
The  Church  in  the  Village  was  erected  in  1864; 
that  at  Swan  Creek  in  1877. 

The  Methodists  had  a  Class  in  the  Village 
several  years,  but  never  established  a  perma- 
nent Church. 

The  Disciples  also  for  some  time  held  meet- 
ings in  the  old  School- house,  which  they  re- 
paired for  that  purpose,  but  discontinued  a  few 
years  ago. 

LAND  TRANSFERS. 

Following  is  a  list  of  the  principal  transfers 
of  land  made  in  Monclova  Township  from  1832 
to  1849,  with  accui'ate  dates  taken  from  the 
records  in  the  Recorder's  office: 

Peter  Wise  to  .Tames  H.  Forsyth,  May,  \8"S. 

Moraco  Young  to  f^tephen  Yfiung,  October,  1S35. 

Michael  Strayer  to  Christian  Gnagy,  October,  1833. 

Jesse  Browning  to  John  Kniery,  May,  1S.3G. 

Daniel  D.  Divine  to  Daniel  P.  Ketchani.  l,s;i{). 

Huntington  Larabee  to  Joel  Cass,  Sejjteniber, 
183(),  40  acres  next  Dr.  Emery's  land.  Section  12;  $3.00. 

J.  H.  Forsyth  to  Eben  j"essu]>,  Jr.,  July,  1836;  80 
acres  in  Section  0. 

J.  H.  Forsvtb  to  Chas.  Nobles,  Julv,  18.36. 

Daniel  P.  Ketchani  to  D.  P.  Ketcham,  Jr.,  1837. 

Jas.  Wilkin.son  to  Win.  Kingsbury,  March,  1837. 

John  Whitmore  to  John  Wliitniore,  Jr.,  .Ian.  1837. 

J.  H.  Forsyth  to  James  Horner,  July,  1836. 

A.  B.  Crosby  to  E.  H.  Crosby,  Septe'niber,  1836. 

Thos.  J.  Dobbins  to  Gabriel  Kinney,  1836. 


OREGON  TOWNSHIP. 


S51 


John  Chambers  and  Adam  Beattv  to  Henrv  O. 

Iteitty,  Se].tfnibor,  1SS(). 

i;iil)tTt  Taylor  to  John  ('hanibi'rs,  1884. 

J.  (i.  Hannali  to  Jonas  Flory,  May,  ISI!;;. 

John  S.  Farr  to  Jacol)  Alpacli,  Septunibor,  is:!4. 

Alon/.o  No))le  to  John  IIoHilbowor.  Octolicr,  JS:!:!. 

Jonas  I'ratt  to  Thos.  lA'aininti,  Jr.,  \S','>'2. 

'I'ho.s.    Lcaniini;   to    Maria,    Esthor,   Sarah,   Tfni- 
licrancc  and  Thomas  Leaminj];,  Jr.,  is:i'_'. 

t'onrad  Hoiisr  to  Alonzo  M.  Noble,  l.So2. 

•larvis  (lilbort  to  Martin  Walter,  1.S32. 

iJisliop  .'^nrdani  to  J.  E.  Hnnt,  1.S34. 

Peter  SehlaiJiii  to  John  Schlapfii,  Mareh,  ls:!7. 

K.  A.  Miteliell  to  John  Emery,  Anfxnst,  lS:!(i. 

Walterman  Johnson  to  llez.  llubbell,  Jnne,  ISI!?. 

A.  r>.  Crosby  to  Lvman  Dudley,  Januarj-,  1.S37. 

Hez.  llubbell  to  Il'enrv  O.  Beattv,  Julv,  ISMli. 

Dexter  II.  Rhodes  toOhas.  Bueklin,  October,  1837. 

t'orydon  E.  Fay  to  Anson  Keed,  October,  1S37. 

Joseph  Gnagy  to  Kichard  Rodney.  Jnne,  18M7. 

Cbas.  Bueklin  to  Marius  INIoore,  February,  1S3S. 

Moses  I'.  Morgan  to  John  C'happell,  February,  '38. 

Samuel  Barrett  to  Wni.  II.  Alden,  November,  1837. 

Erastus  Briggs  to  Timothy  !\Ianly,  May,  183S. 

John  Whitmore  to  Elijah  Herrick.  Novendaer,  '38. 

Same  to  Thomas  Fraker,  April,  1838. 

.lames  Wolcottto  D.  R.  Stebbins,  September.  183(>. 

Warren  Tremaine  to  Josiah  Reed,  November,  '38. 

Lyman  Lane  to  John  S.  Rector,  January,  1839. 

Thos.  Degane  to  Asahel  Bateman,  September,  '3!(. 

Aurora  Spaftbrd  to  Lucy  Leslie,  November,  1839. 

Ahica  Spaulding  to  John  Hancock,  October,  1839. 

George  Brim  to  H.  W.  Horton,  April,  1840. 

John  King  to  James  Donohue,  July,  1840. 


Joseph  Reed  to  Jesse  Reed,  September,  1840. 

Uniti'd  Slates  to  Henry  Zimmerman,  1837. 

Edward  Hughes  to  Cyrus  Howard.  June,  1S40. 

Thos.  Leaming  to  John.son  M.  Bateman  and  llez- 
ekiah  llubbell,  May,  IMO. 

Iluneau  ('.  and"  J.  H.  Por.syth  to  Charlotte  T. 
Forsvth  aI^d  Ilezekiah  Huhbell,  Jnne,  18411. 

Lorenzo  H.  Wyattto  J.T.  Uateman,  Nov.,  184(1. 

James  L.  Curtis  to  Natliani<4  I'.crry,  Nov.,  18.",7. 

.lohn  Schwartz  to  Andrew  l!agini>l'd.  May,  1843. 

Hrz.  Huhbell  to  AInian  (i.  Johnson,  Nov.,  |8:!8. 

Marcus  Wilcox  to  Ispli.  KillMjuin,  October.  1844. 

Henry  K.  Baincs  to  .1.  G.  Cook,  Hecendtcr,  1814. 

John  Trap])  to  .Mark  F.  Merrill,  January,  1844. 

Martin  Walters  to  .hihu  Straver,  Octol.ier,  hS44. 

C.  V.  Merrill  to  Mark  F.  Merrill,  Decendier,  1.S4."). 

Horace  Waite  to  Waterman  Jijhnsou.  Jlay,  1847. 

Cliristian  Zook  to  Conrad  Cocber,  So|itendicr.  ls:',i;. 

Eph.  Kimball  to  Roswell  Kimljall,  Jauuarv,  181.S. 

Mark  F.  Merrill  to  Benj.  V.  Sanders,  August  1845. 

Geo.  Hetzber  to  John  Tra]!]),  I'ecendier,  ISSO. 

Isaac  Hull  to  John  Zeigler.  August,  1846. 

Hez.  Huhbell  to  Bernhart  Long,  June,  1844. 

Daniel  Wisler  to  Samuel  Cranker,  July,  1840. 

S.  M.  Young  to  D.  D.  Towner,  November,  1845. 

M.  R.  Waite  to  Orlando  Chan\pion.  March,  184i;. 

United  States  to  Conrad  Zutavern,  March.  ls:!7. 

John  Van  Fleet  to  Adam  Black,  March,  184(1. 

Benj.  .Saunders  to  Avery  S.  SauncUM>:,  October,  '48. 

ISIatthew  Cowling  to  Win.  Cowling,  March,  1.848. 

Daniel  Wisler  to  John  Smith,  April,  1.849. 

INIartin  Walter  and  John  Zeigler  to  Josiah  Ilar- 
baugh,  April,. 1849. 

Jesse  Kerr  to  Jacob  Schneider,  July,  1849. 


OREQON    TOWNSHIP. 


Oregon  Township  lies  in  the  Southeast  part 
of  Lticas  County,  and  is  bounded  on  the  North 
by  Maumee  Bay,  on  the  East  by  Lake  Erie,  on 
the  Soutb  I)}'  portions  of  Wood  and  Ottawa 
Counties,  and  on  the  \Yest  bj'  the  City  of  To- 
ledo. It  is  the  largest  Townshijiin  the  Count}-, 
comprising  an  area  of  about  80  square  miles, 
The  soil  is  arable  and  productive,  with  the 
exception  of  the  marshes  on  the  Lake  and  Bay. 
Originally,  it  was  heavily  timbered  and  the 
manufacture  of  lumber  and  staves  was  there 
extensivel}'  carried  on.  There  is  still  a  large 
Lumber  and  Stave  Mill  in  operation  in  the 
Eastern  part  of  the  Township.  The  late  Cap- 
tain Eber  Ward,  of  Detroit,  and  others  held 
large  tracts  of  land  in  this  part  of  the  Town- 
ship. Captain  AVard  carried  on  ship  building 
here  and  had  a  canal  connecting  bisj'ard  with 
Lake  Erie. 

Oregon  Township  was  originallj'  included  in 
the  territory  of  Port  Lawrence  and  Manhattan 
Townships.  On  June  11,  1837,  a  petition  was 
presented  to  the  County  Commissioners  by 
Isatic  Street  and  others,  asking  for  "a  new 
Township,  to  include  the  territory  on  the  East 
and  South  side  of  the  Biver,  and  to  be  known 
by  the  name  of  Oregon.  Whereupon,  the 
Board  considered  said  ])etition  and  granted  the 
prayer  thereof,  and  ordered  an  election  to  be 
held  on  the  4th  day  of  July  following  at  10 
o'clock  A.  M.,  at  the  house  of  Isaac  Street ;  and 


also,  that  Trustees  and  a  Township  Treasurer, 
to  take  charge  of  the  School  fund  in  said  Town- 
ship, be  elected  at  the  same  time  and  place." 

I.saac  Street  and  others  had  laid  out  a  Town 
in  this  territory  which  they  called  "  Oregon," 
and  the  same  parties,  less  than  a  year  hiter, 
engineered  the  organization  of  the  Township, 
and  were  interested  in  having  it  called  by  the 
same  name,  though  it  had  been  popularly  des- 
ignated as  "Utah."  Henry  W.  Hicks,  who 
owned  a  fine  estate  on  that  side  of  the  River, 
devised  the  euphonious  name  of  ''  Yondota," 
and  although  it  found  its  way  into  the  records 
in  the  transfer  of  his  farm,  it  was  not  acce[)ted 
as  the  name  of  tiie  settlement.  'I'he  name 
Oregon  was  suggested  by  Pierre  M.  Irving,  a 
nephew  of  Washington  Irving,  wlio  lived  in 
Toledo  from  the  Spring  of  1830  to  the  Summer 
of  1838;  and  it  was  probalily  inspireil  by  his 
uncle's  "Astoria,"  which  had  then  awakened 
great  interest  in  John  Jacob  Aslor's  trading 
lands  in  which  is  now  Oregon  Township.  Thus, 
the  name  is  associated  with  a  very  pleasant 
romance.  Mr.  Irving  was  here  to  look  after  liis 
uncle's  interest  in  Toledo.  He  left  witli  his 
wife  for  a  temporaiy  visit  to  New  York  in  tiie 
Summer  of  1838,  but  never  returned,  dying  in 
that  City  in  February.  1871!. 

Oregon  Township  has  been  modiKed  in  its 
boundaries  as  follows:  On  December  2,  185(i, 
that  portion  of  Oregon  included  within  Toledo 


852 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


City  limits,  was  annexed  to  Port  Lawi-ence 
Townslii]);  and  on  the  same  day  tliat  part  of 
Port  Lawrence  outside  tiie  Oity,  was  attached 
to  the  Township  of  Springiieid. 

By  an  oi-dinance  of  Toledo  Oity  Council, 
passed  July  2,  1872,  and  concurrent  action  by 
the  Board  of  County  Commissioners,  of  Decem- 
bci'  30,  1872,  Oregon  Township  was  further 
reduced  in  area,  by  the  addition  to  the  City  of 
Toledo  of  all  the  remaining  land  included 
witliin  the  following  boundary  line,  to  wit: 

From  the  Maumee  River,  in  the  Township  of  Man- 
hattan, to  the  center  of  the  mouth  of  Wisyon  Creek, 
thence  up  the  center  of  the  channi'l  of  said  Creek  to 
aline  running  North  and  South  tlirougli  tlie  center 
of  Sections  28  and  33,  Town  Nine,  South  of  Range 
Eight  East;  thence  South  on  said  center  line  to  the 
center  of  said  Section  number  33,  same  Town  and 
K'ange  ;  thence  Southwesterly,  through  the  center  of 
Section  number  5,  Town  10,  South  of  Range  Eight 
East,  to  the  Southwest  corner  of  said  Section  ;  tlience, 
due  Soutl),  on  the  line  dividing  Sections  7  and  S  and 
17  and  18,  same  Town  and  Range,  to  the  Wood 
County  line  ;  thence  Westerly,  on  the  line  between 
Wood  and  Lucas  Counties,  to  the  main  channel  of 
the  Maumee  River. 

On  November  2,  1874,  the  Board  ordered 
"that  all  that  portion  of  Manhattan  Township 
outside  of  the  new  City  limits  of  Toledo  and 
Soutii  of  the  center  of  the  channel  of  the  Mau- 
mee Eiver,  be  annexed  to  and  constitute  a  part 
of  Oregon  Township." 

SALE    OF    INDIAN    LANDS. 

The  several  grants  or  reservations  provided 
for  in  the  treaty  with  the  Ottawa  ti-ibe  of  In- 
dians in  Pebruarj',  1833,  soon  began  to  find 
their  way  to  market.  The  earliest  record  of 
such  sales,  is  the  deed  of  Au-to-kce,  a  Chief  of 
that  tribe,  and  sou  of  Fish-qua-gun,  another 
Chief  of  the  same.  The  sale  was  made  in 
August,  1835,  to  James  W.  Knaggs,  and  con- 
sisted of  125  acres,  being  the  \Vest  half  the 
grantor's  tract  on  the  South  side  of  the  Maumee 
Eiver  and  near  the  mouth  of  that  stream. 

On  the  same  day  Au-to-kee,  for  $1,000,  sold 
to  Geo.  B.  Knaggs  and  E.  A.  Forsyth  the 
propertj^  known  as  Presque  Isle,  constituting 
the  remaining  portion  of  grantor's  reservation, 
and  containing  81  acres.  This  deed  bore  the 
following  certificate: 

To  the  President  of  the  United  Stales :  We  do  hereby 
certify,  that  the  consideration  named  in  said  instru- 
ment, which  was  duly  paid  to  the  said  Au-to-kee  in 
our  jiresence,  is  a  full  and  fair  consideration  for  said 
tract,  as  we  verily  believe."  (Signed  by  John  E. 
Hunt  and  Horatio  Conant.  and  by  James  Jackson, 
Sub- Agent.) 

As  a  sample  of  the  form  of  such  conveyance, 
the  deed  of  Au-to-kee  is  herewith  given  in  full, 
as  follows: 

Know  all  men  by  these  presents  ;  That  I,  Au- 
to-kee,  a  Chief  of  the  Ottawa  tribe  of  Indians,  and 
sou  of  Fish-qua-gun,  in  consideration  of  the  sum  of 
$1,000,  to  me  in  hand  paid  by  James  W.  Knaggs,  of 


the  County  of  Wood  and  State  of  Ohio,  do  hereby 
give,  grant  and  convey  to  said  James  W.  Knaggs, 
and  to  his  heirs  and  assigns  forever,  all  that  certain 
tract  or  parcel  of  land  contained  in  the  West  lialf  of 
my  tract,  lying  in  said  County  of  Wood  at  the  mouth 
of  the  Maumee  River  (South  side)  adjoining  I'rcsque 
Isle,  which  I  lately  granted  to  Rotiert  A.  Forsyth  and 
Geo.  B.  Knaggs,  and  bounded  l)y  said  Presque  Isle 
on  the  West  ;  on  the  North  by  Lake  I'.rie  ;  on  the 
East  by  the  East  halt  of  .said  half  of  said  tract ;  and 
on  the  South  by  land  granted  to  Alexis  Navarre  by 
tlie  United  States  at  the  treaty  with  the  said  tribe  of  In- 
dians in  February,  1833,  at  which  treaty  this  said  tract 
was  granteil  to  me,  the  West  half  of  which,  containing 
12")  acres,  I  hereby  grant  to  James  W.  Knaggs.  To 
have  and  to  hold,  to  him  ami  to  his  heirs  and  assigns 
forever,  for  their  proper  use  and  behoof.  And  1 
further  covenant  and  promise  with  and  to  the  .said 
James  W.  Knaggs,  the  above  granted  premises  to 
him,  his  heirs  and  assigns  forever,  to  warrant  and 
defend. 

In  witness  whereof,  I  have  hereunto  set  my  liand 
a:id  seal,  this  4th  day  of  August,  in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  1835.  Au-to-kee.  [L.S.] 

Signed,  sealed  and  delivered  in  the  presence  of 
H.  Conant  and  Jaques  Navarre. 

The  State  of  Ohio,  Wood  County,  si.:  On  the  4th  of 
August,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1835,  personally 
came  Au-to-kee,  Indian  Chief  of  the  Ottawa  Tribe, 
the  maker  of  the  within  deed,  and  the  purport  and 
meaning  of  the  within  deed  being  fully  explained  to 
him,  be  acknowledged  that  he  signed  and  .sealed  the 
same  and  was  content  and  satisfied  with  the  consid- 
eration made  therefor ;  and  that  he  executed  said 
deed  and  makes  the  above  acknowledgment  without 
any  circumvention  or  undue  influence  or  persuasion 
of  the  said  grantee  or  of  any  other  person  whomsoever. 

Before  me,  Horatio  Conant,  a  Justice  of  the  Peace 
in  and  for  said  County,  and  I  further  certify,  that  I 
was  present  at  the  execution  of  the  within  deeil,  and 
counted  out  and  delivereil  to  the  said  Au-to-kee  the 
consideratiun  mentioned  in  said  deed,  111,1)00.  Wit- 
ness my  liand  and  seal,  the  day  and  year  above 
written.  H.  Conant, 

Justice  of  the  Peace. 

November  18,  1835,  Jaques  Navarre,  Francis  Na- 
varre, Peter  Navarre,  and  Antoine  Navarre,  of  the 
Indian  Reservation  at  the  mouth  of  the  Maumee 
River,  on  the  South  side  of  said  River,  for  .t800,  sold 
to  Geo.  B.  Knaggs,  60  acres  of  land  bounded  on  the 
Flast  by  Duck  Creek ;  on  the  North  by  Maumee 
River  and  the  line  run  by  Ambrose  Rice,  Surveyor  ; 
the  same  having  been  granted  to  the  Navarres  by 
the  treaty  of  1833.  The  deed  was  signed  by  Cath- 
arine, wife  of  Peter  Navarre,  and  by  (.'atharine,  wife 
of  Jaijues  Navarre. 

November  18,  1835,  James  W.  Knaggs  sold  to 
Daniel  Chase  258j  acres  of  the  Reservation  of  the 
Navarres,  for  |!5,000.  Tlie  same  day,  Knaggs  and 
Forsyth  sold  Presque  Isle  to  Daniel  Chase  for  .f3,t)00, 
being  the  same  tract  purchased  of  Au-to-kee  June  3, 
1835,  for  |J,1,000. 

August  3,  1835,  Geo.  B.  Knaggs,  for|12,SS0,  sold  to 
Daniel  Chase  UiO  acres  granted  by  treaty  of- 1833,  to 
Wa-sa-on,  an  Ottawa  Indian  ;  80  acres  granted  by 
the  same  treaty  to  Joseph  Cavalier  Renjard,  and  next 
to  a  tract  assigned  to  Clieroo,  an  Indian  Chief  ;  antl 
100  acres  granted  to  the  Navarres  by  treaty  of  1833  ; 
making  ;i40  acres,  the  price  averaging  |37.88  per 
acre,  against  about  $13  per  acre  paid  for  the  same  a 
few  weeks  previously. 

August  3,  1835,  "B.  F.  Hollister  sold  to  Daniel 
Chase  for  $1,600  a  tract  of  land  known  as  the  Cheroo 
Reservation,  on  Little  Creek,  ot  McCarthy's  Village, 
at  the  mouth  of  Maumee  River,  being  the  same  re- 
served to  Cheroo,  Principal  Chief  of  the  Ottawa 
Tribe  of  Indians. 


* 


I 


:E^g  ^fyjCLFkil^ijify: 


<  ^  /T^.yc^'d.-^iU^^h-- 


OREGON  TOWNSHIP. 


853 


ENTRIES   OF    GOVERNMENT    LANDS. 

The  following  table,  coinpileil  from  Lucas 
County  records,  shows  Ihe  names  of  tlie  persons 
who  entered  Government  lands  in  Oregon 
Township,  together  with  the  locations,  dates  and 
acreage  purchased  by  each  : 

KANGE  EIGHT,  TOWN   NINE. 


RANGE  NINE,  TOWN  TEN. 


Fraction. 


Lots  1  and  2  in  frac 

S  W  frac.  M.. 

N  E14SEI4 

Lots  2,  3  anrt  4  in  frac 

W^SEJi-.— 

W  1^  S  W  )i 

W us  E K 

N  WV  N  *  U 

WHNEJ4.... 

E'/,  SW}4 

Ept  SE  J4 

w  i<,sv/U 

E!4"NEJ4... 

E^SW^4.. 

\VHSW!4 

EK  S  E14 

\\  HSVfU 

SEHSWi-i 

S  W  pt  S  E14 

SE14SE  n 

N  EH - 

S  WW  and  EHN  \V  y,... 
E  i^and  W  )«  N  \V  i4.... 

SVTa  S  W>4 -- 

W14SE14 

E><;  N  E}4 

Ept  N  E  !i 

EH  NW  14  and  E^SWij- 

w  1/,  N  \v  1.4  &  w  i,i~s  w  a 

W  K  N  E  ><  &  W  >^  S  E  K 


Purchaser. 


Timothy  (irittith 

Daniel    Chase 

Daniel  CMlver,. 

Timothy  lirifflth.... 

Erastns  Cone-.. 

John   Brown 

James  M  Laugston._ 

Thomas  Wayne 

Erastns  Cone 

Alex.  McCabe 

George  W.  Reynold.s 

Isaac  Heck  man 

Asa  Lapham 

Benjamin  Scott 

Sirile  Phimey 

Eli  M.  Williams 

Patrick  Fox... 

Frederick  Prentice. . 

Daniel  Chase 

Nathan  Etson 

.Joseph  J.  Applegate 

Daniel  Chase 

Same 

Same 

Same - 

William  Damphy... 

Michael  DeBott 

Jacob  Meyer 

Nathan  White 

John   Hetfelbower,. 


1836 
1839 
lavj 
1830 
18S-2 
lV4n 
1852 
1852 
1852 
1853 
1852 
1841) 
1816 
lR4'.t 
1849 
1849 
1.849 
1849 
183(i 
1848 
1830 
18.39 
1839 
1839 
1839 
1853 
18.52 
1852 
1852 
1852 


KANGE  EIGHT,  TOWN  TEN. 


NEK— 

SEH  —  - - 

S  W14 

N  W« 

Whole 

N!^ 

W^SWJi - 

Si4  SE  >4 

v;)iSEU 

E;<  EJ^S  EK 

WJ4SEHSW14 

E-^SEM - 

EJ^NWJf  &E}^S  W  J<. 

EK2SEH 

w^s  wJi 

W  i4  N  W  a 

WUN  EK 

E^NEH 

wyiSEu 

EifS  EK 

SEJiS  W  M 


NEMSW^ 

N  W  frac.  and  S  E  frac 

S  pt  N  W  fr.  M  and  S  W  J4 
N  US  E  fr.  Ji  or  lot  2  ... 

EHNEJi 

WK>NE  14 

W  J^SKH 

EK>SEM — 

EK.  N  W  \ 

w  j<;  s  wj^ 

W>iN  W  « 

E  J.^  EKS  E« 

WJ^EJ^S  WJi 

WXSWii 

EHNM — 

Wi^N  EM - 

E  K.'N  E  Jf - 

WgSEM.- 

E>4SEli 


John  L.  Wayne 

E.  9.  Wayne 

Samuel  "Wayne 

Bnffington 

Daniel  Chase 

Same 

Barzilla  A.  Peterson. 

J.  J.  Miller.... 

Eli  Williams 

Horace   Howland 

John   Brown 

Ilarzilla  A.  Peterson.. 

John  Honnigman 

Barzilla  .\.  Peterson. 

Geo.  R.  Peckham 

Henry  Wilbey 

Samuel  Scott 

J.  E,  Scott 

Elijah  Woodruff 

John  Phillips 

Fred.   Baker  &  Chris- 
tian Eiglan,   Feb... 

Same 

Gab.  and  J.  L.  Crane. 

Oliver  Stevens 

|ThomasS.  .Manly 

George  Coy 

W'illiam   Calvert 

Charles  Coy 

Ulrich  Kemple 

John  Vangunten 

Geo.  and  Daniel  Coy. 
Wilard  J.  Daniels..'.. 

Itaymond  A  Co 

Austin  Hunce 

James  Hideout.. 

Matthias  Smithton.. 

Jacob  Berry 

Henry  Gilman 

John  Drapel 

Adam  Dressel 


1858 
1858 
1858 

ia58 

18.39 
1839 
1841 
1842 
1848 
1848 
1848 
1840 
1849 
1848 
1842 
1848 
1848 
184h 
1848 
1842 

1851 
18.53 
1833 
1&32 
1848 
1843 
1843 
1838 
1830 
1K)« 
1848 
1848 
1840 
1840 
1841 
1841 
1848 
1854 
1852 
1852 


160 
160 
160 
160 
040 
320 
80 
80 
80 
40 
40 
100 
100 
80 
80 
80 
80 
80 
80 


36.T0 

35.90 
128.92 
243.24 

59.15 

80 

80 


Whole 

Whole 

Whole 

Whole 

Wl4 

SW« 

E  K  N  W  J^  &  W  ^  N  E  1^ 
W  H  S  E  ji  A  E  !^,  S  E  Ji. 
E  >^  N  E  ^  &  W  H  S  W  « 

E  K>S  W  U 

Wi^N  W  14 

W  i^N  WJJ 

S  EM 

KUNEJi 

whole 

Whole 

Whole 

Whole  fractional 

Whole  fractional 

AVhole  fractional 

W  fr.  W  K>  or  lot  4 

E  yiW  frac 

Lot  86,  Reserve 

SEM 

S  EM 

•■^"■14 

E><;NW>4 

V/liSV/Vi 

E74S  w  « 

WK>N  E}4 

N  E'U 

Ept.  N  EM 

SfeM..... 

WHSWX 

EUSW«. 

N  AV  frac 

W  pt.  W  K>  frac.  or  lot  4., 

E  pt.  W  i/j'lot3 

E  pt.  frac 

W  pt.  frac 

N  E  frac.  X 

N  E  frac.  and  N  W  frac... 
E  fret,  pt 


Margaret  Bailey 

Same 

Same 

Same 

K.  n.Gilson 

Philo  W.  Boyd 

John  A.  Bryiin 

Same 

Sylvanus  P.  Jermain 

Wni.  W.  Frayer 

.\mos  Boyd 

William  Taylor 

William  B.  Hicks.... 
George  W.  Iteynolda. 

Margaret  Bailey 

Same 

Same 

Same 

Same 

Same 

Dennis  Hart 

Jacob  Weber 

Almon   Gibbs 

Philo   B.  Scott 

Philo  B.  Scott 

Adolph  Letz 

John   Yobn.. 

Joseph  Hildcbrand.. 

John  B.  Arnold 

Jacob  Reiser 

.\ndrew  Metzker 

Victor  Plumey 

.\ndrew  Metzker 

Enoch  Kent 

John  B.  Arnold 

Coonrod  Dusernois.. 

Milton  Huntley 

Edward   Woodruff... 

Wm.  Van  Orden 

Sylvester  Brown 

James  Cahoo 

Philo  Bennett.. 

Charles  A.  Crane 


1839   643.00 
ia39    640 
1839    610 
010 


1839 
1853 
18S.t 
WW 
1839 

wm 

1853 
18^:! 
1851 
1852 
1852 
18;i9 
1839 
1839 
1839 
18;)9 
1830 
1851 
18.53 
1823 
1*18 
1847 
1848 
1842 
1842 
1849 
1849 
1849 
1&19 
1848 
1842 
1842 
1849 
1851 
1851 
18.M 
1841 
1842 
18:« 
1839 


10(1 
100 
KM 
100 
210 

80 

80 

80 
100 

80 
040 
610 
045.28 

93.T7 
112.40 
120.80 

48 

40.00 

27.7U 
1011 
100 
100 

80 

80 

80 

80 
IIW 

71-51 
100 

HO 

80 

95.33 

46 

4G 

94 

89,83 

80.43 
101.12 

20.36 


TRANSFERS  OF  REAL  ESTATE. 

James  Kinney  to  John  Patterson,  March,  1830 

.Joseph  Stowe,  Jr  ,  to  Dwitrht  F.  Stowe,  May,  WBO. 

Peter  Navarre  to  Willard  Smith,  May,  IKiO,  jiart  of  Navarre  grant. 

Oliver  Stevens  to  Jos.  Stringhani,  Septeniljcr,  18.36. 

Amrai  Richards  to  .\urora  SpiiHbrd,  1830. 

George  Powcsland  to  George  Redding.  April.  1837. 

Luther  ^Vh^tlnore  to  Warren  Isham,  lots  in  Oregon  Village,  Au- 
gust. 1836. 

Ebcnezcr  Griffin  to  Swanton  Whitmore,  July,  1836. 

Luther  Whitmore  to  David  Cooracr  and  .lose'ph  Miller,  July,  '.37. 

Daniel  Brown  to  Erastus  G.  Back,  September,  1837. 

Leonard  Whitmore  to  F.  W.  Jenison,  Octolior,  1837. 

A.  M.Noble  to  Heze.  Hubbell  and  Elijah  Herrick,  1838. 

The  East  Manhattan  Land  Company  to  the  Ohio  Railroad  Com- 
panp,  January  2,  1838,  in  consideration  of  $04,000  in  hand 
paid,  certain  land  on  the  East  side  of  Maumce  River, 

Charles  I$ntlerto  John  C,  Jones,  Ammi  C.  Lombard,  Edward  A. 
Nicoll,  Charles  Butler  and  Erastns  Corning,  Trustees  of  the 
.\merican  Land  Company,  January  18,  1838,251  acres  of  land. 

Luther  Whitmore  to  William  Phillips,  October,  1838. 

Charles  (1.  Keeler  to  Samuel  Merritt,  December,  1,S>1. 

.\urora  Spatlbrrl  to  Charles  V.  Merrill,  February,  1839, 

Jerome  Smith  to  Hiram  Vinal.  May,  1839, 

Justus  Brown  to  Jonathan  Brown, 'June,  18-37. 

Joseph  J.  Applegate  to  John  Consaul,  Jr.,  and  Hiram  Water- 
bury,  January,  1841. 

Oliver  Stevens  to  Philander  Fox,  April,  1841. 

Joseph  Prentice  to  Fred  Prentice,  Fcbrtiary,  1845. 

George  R.  Crane  to  Charles  A.  Crane,  June,  1846. 

JAMES  CURTIS  MESSBR,  fifth  child  of 
Ebenezer  S.  and  Sally  (WhitchiH)  Mcsser,  was 
born  in  Greenfield,  Erie  County,  Pennsylvania, 
February  1,  1834.  His  ancestors  on  his 
fether's  side  were  of  English  nativity,  and 
among  the  earliest  settlers  of  New  JiOudon, 
New  Hampshire.  The  father  was  a  farmer, 
and  in  1844  came  West  and  .settled  on  a  farm 
now  within  the  Sixth  Ward  of  Toledo.  Re- 
maining there  two  years,  he  removed  to  what 
was  known  as  the  "  Stickney  farm,"  now  within 
the  First   Ward,  Toledo.     On  this  (arm  in  De- 


854 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


cember,  1847,  his  mother  died.  Two  years  later 
he  returned  to  the  East  vSidc.and  for  a  time  con- 
ducted a  SavvM  ill,  located  nearlj- opposite  Elm 
Street.  In  18-t9  he  settled  on  a  farm,  where  he 
died  March  10,  1855,  and  where  the  family, 
tiien  consisting  of  three  children,  remained 
for  several  years.  In  1858,  James  pur- 
chased his  present  farm  in  section  Nine, 
Oregon  Township,  whore  he  has  since  resided. 
Hisearly  school  privileges  were  meagre.  The 
limited  resources  of  tlie  country  at  the  early 
period  of  the  familj-'s  settlement  here  made 
their  experiences  very  severe.  Of  six  children, 
James  alone  survives.  During  the  War  of  the 
Rebellion,  he  was  not  only  a  warm  supporter 
of  the  Union  cause,  but  was  active  and  effect- 
ive in  the  organization  of  the  First  Regiment, 
Ohio  National  Guard  in  1863.  He  was  made 
Second  Lieutenant  of  Company  A,  of  what 
was  known  as  the  One  Hundred  and  Thirtieth 
Regiment  O.  V.  I.,  mustered  May  12,  18G4.  In 
Sei>tember  following  it  was  mustered  out,  when 
it  resumed  its  place  in  the  State  Militia,  Lieu- 
tenant Messer  being  promoted  to  the  Captaincy, 
which  he  retained  until  the  Company  was 
mustered  out  in  1808.  Since  the  formation  of 
the  Republican  party,  Mr.  Messer  has  been  an 
active  member  of  the  same.  His  business 
capacity  and  earnest  interest  iti  the  affairs  of 
the  community  early  led  to  his  election  to 
various  local  offices.  Commenciuf,'  in  1858,  he 
acted  for  two  years  as  Township  Trustee,  four 
years  as  Assessor,  nine  years  as  Clerk,  and  six 
as  Treasurer.  He  represented  Lucas  County 
in  the  Sixty-Second  General  Assembly  of 
Ohio,  and  in  1887  was  again  elected  to  the 
same  position.  Agricullure  has  found  in  him 
an  active  supporter.  He  was  for  many  years 
Vice  President  of  the  Lucas  County  Agricul- 
tural Society,  and  is  now  a  Director  and  the 
General  Superintendent  and  Chief  Marshal  of 
the  Tri  State  Fair  Association  at  Toledo;  also 
President  of  the  Lucas  County  Horticultural 
Society.  His  well-directed  efforts  have  been 
exceptionally  successful  in  his  business  un- 
dertakings, while  his  course  of  conscientious 
integritj-  has  commanded  in  special  decree  the 
confidence  and  respect  of  his  fellow-citizens,  as 
shown  in  their  ott-roiieated  calls  of  him  to  po- 
sitions of  public  trust,  he  frequently  receiving 
nearly  every  vote  cast  in  the  Township  when  he 
was  a  candidate.  In  August,  1872,  he  was  initi- 
ated and  became  a  member  of  Maumee  Valley 
Lodge  No.  515,  of  the  Independent  Order 
of  Odd  Fellows,  working  under  the  juris- 
diction of  the  Grand  Lodi;e  of  Ohio.  In  187G 
he  pa-ssedthe  Chairs  of  the  Subordinate  Lodge, 
and  in  December,  1880,  was  elected  to  repre- 
.sent  District  No.  31  in  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the 
State  for  the  years  1881-82,  filling  such  posi- 
tion with  satisfaction  to  the  District.  He  yet 
retains  his  connection  with  the  Order.  Mr. 
Messer.  was  married  May  21,  18G2,  with  Miss 
Marion    Martineau    Lilleland.     Nine  children 


have  been  born  to  them,  of  whom  four  are  now 
living.  Nelson  M.  was  born  April  8,  18G3; 
James  C.  Jr.,  born  July  9,  18G4,  died  February 
21,  1867;  Anna  L.,  born  Aju-il  22, 1867  ;  Jennie 
C.and  Johnnie  C,  born  July  22,  1869,  the  latter 
dying  March  26,  1870;  Harvey  M.,  born  Feb- 
ruary 19,  1872,  died  February  19,  1872 ;  Marie 
M.,  born  February  9,  1873,  died  February  27, 
1873;  Bessie  M.,  born  January  23,  1877,  died 
.lanuary  23,  1877;  and  Martha  J.,  born  August 
16,  1879. 

EARLY    SETT[.EME^TS. 

Much  of  the  land  described  above  was  held 
by  sjieeulators.  The  first  actual  settlers  came 
into  the  Township  long  before  a  Government 
Ivand  Office  had  been  opened  in  this  region, 
and  while  the  territory  was  in  possession  of  the 
Indians.  Near  the  mouth  of  the  River,  in  what 
is  now  this  Township,  an  Ottawa  Village  ex- 
isted, probably  fi-om  the  days  of  the  Pontiac 
War.  The  widow  of  the  famous  Chief,  Kan. 
tuck-ee  gun,  and  his  son,  Otus-sa,  dwelt  at  this 
Village.  The  French  had  a  Ti'ading-])ost  in 
the  vicinity  about  the  middle  of  the  ISth  cen- 
tury, and  there  were  French  settlors  about  the 
mouth  of  the  River — the  Navarres  and  others  — 
as  early  as  1808,  and  tlieii-  names  and  posterity 
are  now  numerous  in  the  Northeastern  part  of 
the  Township. 

Among  those  of  the  English  race  who  settled 
in  the  Township  prior  to  the  Indian  treaty  of 
1833,  may  be  mentioned  Jo.seph  Prentice,  who 
.settled  on  the  East  bank  of  the  River  in  1825  ; 
Luther  Whitmore,  1829  ;  Robert  Gardner.  1830  ; 
Hiram  Brown,  1831  ;  Gabriel  Crane,  1831 ;  Ol- 
iver Stevens,  1832  ;  Elias  Fassett,  1833.  We 
make  the  following  mention  of  these  pioneers 
and  their  families  in  the  order  named  : 

Joseph  Prentice  came  to  Port  Lawrence  in 
1817,  and  was  interested  in  the  original  Port 
Lawrence  Company,  as  elsewhere  stated.  He, 
with  his  two  sons,  William  and  Augustus,  and 
his  wife  and  daugliter,  rowed  a  skiff  from  Buf- 
falo, bringing  with  them  such  household  goods 
as  they  could  make  room  for  in  one  small  boat. 
For  his  settlement  he  selected  the  Southeast 
portion  of  the  tract  on  the  East  side  of  the 
River,  to  which  he  removed  with  his  family  in 
1825,  and  where  he  resided  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  March  6,  1845.  His  widow, 
Mrs.  Eleanor  Prentice,  survived  him  about  10 
years. 

Frederick,  a  son  of  Joseph  Prentice  by  a 
second  marriage,  was  born  at  Port  Ijawrence 
December  6,  1822,  and  was  13  years  old  when 
his  father  died.  He  had  been  brought  up 
without  education,  save  what  his  mother  gave 
him,  there  being  no  Schools  nearer  than  the 
River  Raisin  and  Fort  Waj'ne  ;  yet  he  became 
an  enterprising,  energetic  business  man.  After 
his  father's  death,  the  support  of  the  family  de- 
volved on  him.  He  had  been  brought  up  among 
the  Indians,  an  Indian  woman  having  been  his 


OREGON  TOWNSHIP. 


855 


nurse,  and  lie  had  acquired  a  better  knowled£;e 
oftlie  Indian  language  than  of  the  English.  Me 
tiieretore  became  an  interpreter  for  Indian 
Agents  and  traders,  which,  with  hunting  and 
fishing,  enabled  him  to  .siip|M)rt  the  fiimily  lom- 
tbrtabiy.  Heeontinued  in  this  occupation  until 
he  was  18,  when  he  engaged  in  the  business  of 
su|)pl3'ing  the  Toledo  market  and  the  Itiver 
Steamboats  with  wood,  and  in  getting  out  ship 
and  building  timber.  In  1849  he  built  a  Steam 
Saw  mill  on  the  East  side,  just  below  Bridge 
Street,  which  he  operated  for  a  number  of  years. 
He  made  extensive  purchases  of  wild  lands  in 
Oregon  Townshiji,  taking  off  the  timber  and 
selling  in  limited  tracts  to  actual  settlers;  and 
while  making  the  business  profitable  to  himself, 
hastened  the  development  of  that  portion  of 
the  county.  In  1857  he  met  with  financial 
reverses  which  compelled  him  to  compromise 
with  his  creditors.  Since  then  he  has  had  a 
varied  experience  of  losses  and  success ;  has 
made  a  good  deal  of  money  and  spent  a  good 
ileal.     His  home  now  is  in  IS^ew  York  City. 

Ivuther  Whitmore,  with  hisfamily  of  six  chil- 
dren, came  from  Worcester  County,  Massachu- 
setts, and  in  April,  1825,  settled  in  Wood 
County,  spending  the  first  year  on  the  East 
bank  of  the  Maumee,  opposite  Turkey  Foot 
Rock.  In  1820,  moved  to  the  Vance  farm;  in 
1827,  to  the  Kee  farm,  at  Fort  Meigs  ;  in  1828, 
to  Marengo;  and  in  1829,  to  River  Tract  No. 
84,  where  Luther  Whitmore,  Jr.,  now  lives. 
The  six  children  were:  Leonard,  Mary  Ann, 
Luther,  Betsey  B.,  Walters,  July  Ann  (so 
named  from  having  been  born  on  the  4th  of 
July,  while  her  parents  were  temporarily  so- 
journing in  Canada).  The  oldest  (Ijconard) 
was  married  with  Mary  Jenison,  daugiiter  of 
Victor  Jenison,  who  settled  in  Perrysburg  in 
1818.  The  children  of  Victor  Jenison  were 
Nathaniel,  Martha,  George,  Jeru.sha,  Charles 
v.,  Mary  (Mrs.  Leonard  Whitmore),  Olive 
(widow  ofO.  G.  Howland),  Frances,  Calista, 
Harriet  (Mrs.  L.  B.  Ciunnj  and  llalph.  Charles 
v.,  Olive,  Harriet  and  Kalph  arc  living  in  East 
Toledo. 

Charles  V.  Jenison  built  the  first  Steam  Saw- 
mill in  the  Township,  on  the  River  bank,  on 
the  old  plat  of  "  Oregon,"  in  1836-7,  and  fur- 
nished the  plank  for  the  first  bridge  built  across 
the  River,  at  Maumee.  In  1837  Mr.  Jenison 
built  the  Scliooner  ( )ttawa,  which  i8still,or  has 
been  until  <juite  recently,  a  sailing  Vessel  on 
the  Lakes. 

Mary  Ann  Whitmore  became  the  wife  of 
Gabriel  Crane,  one  of  the  pioneers.  Mr.  Crane 
was  one  of  the  most  prominent  and  useful  citi- 
zensofthe  Township,  and  left  three  sons — 
James  II.,  Henry  J.  and  Amos  W.— all  living 
in  East  Toledo. 

Luther  Whitmore,  Jr.,  was  married  with 
Martha  Trask,  of  Toledo.  In  early  life  he 
lived  most  of  the  time  for  seven  years  with 
John   Hollister,  Indian  Agent  at  Perrysburg, 


and  was  present  with  him  at  every  annual  ])aj'- 
ment  of  the  Indians  for  six  years.  He  says: 
"  After  the  ])ayment8  the  sights  were  something 
I  shall  never  forget.  There  were  then  at  least 
800  Indians  to  one  white  man  in  this  part  of 
the  country. 

Jul}'  Ann  Whitmore  was  married  with  Syl- 
vester Brown,  a  son  of  the  ])ioneei-,  Hiram 
Brown.  'I'lie  latter  had  been  a  Tanner  and 
Currier  in  Monroe,  previous  to  sellling  in  this 
Township.  He  had  two  sons — Sylvester  and 
Augustus — the  latter  in  Omaha,  Nebraska;  and 
two  daughters — Julia,  wife  of  James  Rideout, 
and  Caroline,  who  died  in  1844. 

Robert  Gardner  came  from  Wayne  County, 
New  York,  and  settled  on  the  East  bank  oftlie 
River  in  1831.  His  son,  Nathan  Gardner,  is 
now  one  of  the  old  residents  of  the  Townshij). 
Thei'e  were  two  daughters —Mrs.  Amy  Coy, 
widow  of  Charles  Coy;  and  Catherine,  wife  of 
Ste])hen  Green,  of  Richfield  Townshij). 

Oliver  Stevens,  one  of  the  oldest  settlers,  still 
living,  is  referred  to  elsewhere. 

Herniau  Crane  was  the  owner  of  one  of  the 
first  Ferry-boats  at  Toledo,  a  flat  scow  capable 
of  carrying  teams.  In  the  Spring  of  183(i, 
when  the  freshet  carried  away  the  Swan  Creek 
bridge,  Mr.  Crane  ran  his  Ferry  boat  for  the 
accommodation  of  pedestrians  and  teams  in 
crossing  that  stream.  For  a  number  of  years 
the  settlers  in  Oregon  Township  living  mostly 
on  or  near  the  bank  of  the  River,  crossed  in 
their  own  canoes  or  boats. 

There  were  no  roads  in  the  interior  till  1SM3, 
and  not  many  till  1840.  Those  which  did  exist 
were  very  poorly  constructed  and  often  im- 
passable. The  first  road  was  the  Woodville 
road,  opened  to  connect  the  River  at  East  To- 
ledo with  the  Western  Reserve  and  Maumee 
Road.  It  was  only  an  opening  cut  through 
the  woods  12  feet  wide;  and,  of  course,  made 
a  better  avenue  in  Winter  than  in  Spring  and 
Fall.  After  the  organization  of  the  Townshi]) 
in  1837,  and  from  that  to  1850,  most  of  the 
roads  within  its  limits  v\  ere  laid  out.  At  the 
same  meeting  of  the  Board  at  which  the  Town- 
ship was  set  off,  June  11,  1837,  the  following 
roads  were  established,  viz.:  Numbers  5,  12,  7, 
13,  14,  15,  K)  and  17,  and  ordered  recoi-ded  in 
the  said  numerical  order. 

Elijah  J.  Woodruff,  a  pi'ominent  old  settler, 
is  still  living  in  the  Township,  and  has  served 
it  in  an  official  capacity  almost  from  the  timeof 
its  organization. 

Also  should  be  named,  George  Ji.  'I'reat, 
Wesley  Ilicks,  son  of  Lawson  Hicks,  an  early 
settler;  John  Consaul,  Asa  W.  Maddocks  and 
others.  Mereino  and  Philander  Fox  became 
settlers  in  Oregon  about  1831.  The  former 
lived  in  the  Township  two  or  three  years,  and 
removed  West;  the  latter  died  soon  after  set- 
tlement. Hiram  Vinal,  a  farmer  living  on 
Section  7,  Town  10  South  ot  Range  8  East, 
settled  in  the  Township  in  1833. 


856 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


The  tax  duplicate  of  Lucas  County  for  1838 
contained  the  following  list  of  residents  of 
Oregon  Township,  witli  the  description  and 
amount  of  personal  property  on  which  they 
were  taxed  for  that  year : 


HORSES   AND   CATTLE. 


Applogato,  Joseph,  1144. 
Blown,  Hiram,  !|;24. 
Crane,  Gabriei,  ^24. 
Consaul,  John,  $72. 
Franchman,  Michael,  |24. 
Hicks,  Lawson,  !|24. 

Mowoner.  ,  f  128. 

Navarre,  Peter,  $8. 
Navarre,  James,  $160. 
Navarre,  Antoine,  $9t). 
I'liillip.s  David,  *S. 
Kino,  Aaron  B.,  .fSS. 
Treat,  George  D.,  $()4. 
f  VVhitmore,  Luther,  Jr.,  .i 
Woodruff,  E.  J.,  ,$24. 


Brown,  Jacob,  |S0. 
Booth,  J.  H.,  $24. 
Con.saul,  William,  $24- 
Denman,  Msses,  $10. 
Hayes,  Samuel,  $48. 
Jamison,  George,  |48. 
McClav,  David,  $40. 
Navarre,  Robert,  $24. 
Navarre,  Alexander,  $240. 
*Oregon  Steam  Mill  Co. 
Prentice.  Josepli,  $.'i2. 
Salsbury,  Russell,  $32. 
Whitniore,  Luther,  .$40. 
;160. 


*lli!rchaiit's  Capital,  $1,000. 
flncludintf  pleasure  carriage,  S.'>0. 


JAMES  WRIGHT  is  a  son  of  Thomas  and 
Sarah  (Kims)  Wright,  and  was  l)orn  at  Stony 
Stratford,  Buckinghamshire,  England,  August 
20,  1820.  His  father  was  for  manj-  years  en- 
gaged in  Hardware  trade,  but  such  was  his 
firjancial  condition,  that  the  son  was  early 
obliged  to  begin  the  liattle  of  life  on  his  own 
resjionsibility.  His  School  privileges  were 
very  moderate.  While  yet  a  mere  boy,  he  en- 
gaged to  work  a  farm,  but  was  speedily  attracted 
to  Gardening,  which  he  studied  with  much 
care,  and  as  to  which  he  gained  much  knowl- 
edge which  in  after  life  became  very  valuable 
to  him.  In  1860,  having  by  economy  and  care, 
accumulated  the  requisite  means,  Mr.  Wright 
left  England  for  the  United  States,  and  came  to 
Toledo.  There  he  was  for  three  years  engaged 
in  tile-draining.  In  1863  he  purchased  in 
Oregon  Township  three  acres  of  land  upon 
which  he  now  resides.  The  condition  of  the 
property  was  by  no  means  assuring  for  use 
of  Gardening,  being  wet  and  unpromising. 
But  under  his  intelligent  management,  it  grad- 
ual!}' advanced  in  condition,  until  it  became 
one  of  the  mo.st  fertile  and  productive  Gardens 
in  the  County.  By  irrigating  and  draining,  he 
year  by  j-ear  improved  the  land,  meantime 
making  its  products  pay  cost  and  profits.  It 
is  now  sate  to  state,  that  no  tract  of  land  of 
equal  extent  in  this  region,  has  been  as  carefully 
or  as  successfully  managed,  as  has  that.  Wells 
for  watering  in  dry  weather,  and  tiling  for 
drainage  in  wet  weather,  together  with  judi- 
cious treatment  of  the  soil  in  cultivation,  have 
steadily  developed  it  to  its  present  remarkable 
condition.  For  many  years  past,  the  cash  sales  of 
products  from  these  three  acres  have  amounted 
to  §1,000  annually  Subsequent  to  his  original 
purchase,  Mr.  Wright  added  two  acres  to  his 
Garden  tract,  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  road, 
to  which  two  acres  more  have  since  been  added 


— making  seven  in  all — the  entire  tract  now 
being  in  the  highest  state  of  cultivation.  He 
was  among  the  first  Gardeners  in  this  part  of 
Ohio  to  produce  Celery  for  market,  in  which 
ho  has  been  specially  successful,  his  product 
being  generally  and  well  known  for  its  superior 
qualities.  His  success  in  life  has  been  due  to 
his  consciencious  regard  for  honesty  in  deal 
or  to  the  intelligent,  persistent  adherence  to 
fixed  methods  and  industry  in  the  pursuit  of 
his  business.  Mr.  Wright  was  married  with 
Jane  Entwislle,  in  Liverpool,  England,  in  1845. 
They  had  six  children,  of  whom  five  are  now 
living — four  sons  and  one  daughter.  The 
mother  d3-ing,  Mr.  Wright  was  married  with 
Ann  Baines,  in  England,  August  25,  lS()0,they 
having  one  son  and  two  daughters. 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICERS. 

The  oldest  records  of  the  Township  have 
been  lostj  and  there  are  now  none  extant 
previous  to  November  10,  1846.  At  that  date 
George  D.  Treat  was  Township  Clerk  by  a]i- 
poiittment  of  the  Board  of  Trustees,  consisting 
of  Elijah  J.  Woodruff  and  Gabriel  Crane.  From 
the  Township  records  and  those  of  the  Board 
of  Education,  we  are  able  to  furnish  the  follow- 
ing list  of  Township  officers  : 

Clerks — Leonard  AVhitmore,  1837-41  ;  Gabriel 
Crane,  1841-46;  George  D.Treat,  1846;  Charles  Brown, 
1847-48 ;  George  D.  Treat,  1848-50 .  Oliver  Stevens, 
18.50;  George  D.  Treat,  1851  ;  Ezra  Howland,  18,52-04; 
Henry  L.  Phelps,  1804;  Sylvester  A.  Brown,  1865; 
James  C.  Messer,  l,S6()-69 ;  Thomas  Crofts,  l.S()9-73 ; 
James  C.  Messer,  1873-76  ;  DeWitt  Hicks,  1876 ;  Jacob 
Brand,  1877  ;  James  C.  Meisser,  1877-SO ;  D.  W.  Ma- 
ginnis,  18S0  82 ;  Alfred  Yenger,  1882-87;  N.  M.  Mes- 
ser, 1887. 

Treasurers — James  Maddocks,  1843-46;  William 
Prentice,  1846-55;  Alonzo  Rogers,.  ]8.55-o7;  Oliver 
Stevens,  1857;  John  Consaul,  1857-60;  Sylve.ster 
Brown,  1S60-66 ;  Charles  A.  Crane,  1866-69;  James 
C.  Messer,  1869-71;  Wesley  Hicks,  1871-73;  Thomas 
Crofts,  1873  ;  AMctor  Metzg'er,  1877-80  ;  Wesley  Hicks, 
1.S80-82;  George  Gladieux,  1882-86;  Victor  Metzger, 
1886;  Gottleib  Yohlin,  1887. 

Trcstees— Elijah  J.  Woodruff,  Gabriel  Crane, 
1846;  Elijah  J.  Woodruff,  Gabriel  Crane,  John  Con- 
saul, 1847  ;  Asa  W.  Maddocks,  Gabriel  Crane,  E.  J. 
Woodruff,  1848 ;  John  Brow^n,  E.  J.  Woodruff,  Ga- 
briel Crane,  1849;  Orlin  Phelps,  E.  J.  Woodruff,  Ga- 
briel Crane,  1850-52 ;  Oliver  Stevens,  John  Consaul, 
Gabriel  Crane,  1852;  Oliver  Stevens,  Gabriel  Crane, 
Alonzo  Rogers,  18.53-.55 ;  Charles  A.  Crane,  William 
W.  Consaul,  Sylvester  Brown,  18.55-57;  Charles  A. 
Crane,  William  W.  Consaul,  Luther  Whitmore,  1857; 
William  W.  Consaul,  Augustus  Brown,  Horace  How- 
land,  1858 ;  Charles  A.  Crane,  Horace  Howland,  Syl- 
vester Brown,  1859;  Peter  B.  Porter,  Wesley  Hicks, 
James  C.  INIesser,  1860  ;  James  C.  Messer,  Weslev 
Hicks.  Michael  Debolt,  1861-63;  Wesley  Hicks,  Da- 
rius Blandin,  Michael  Debolt.  1863  ;  Charles  A.  Crane, 
James  Ridcout,  A.  Benedict,  18()4  ;  J.  L.  Wynn, 
Charles  A.  Crane,  Albert  Rovce,  1865 ;  J.  L.  Wynn, 
Wesley  Hicks,  Frederick  Bayer,  1866;  Peter  B.  "Por- 
ter, Albert  Royce,  Jacob  Lungendolph.  18()7  ;  Edward 
Burt,  James  Crofts,  Gilbert  Bartley,  1868-70;  Charles 
A.  Crane,  James  Crofts,  William  W.  Consaul,  1870; 
Charles  A.  Crane,  Wm.  E.  Cummings,  C.  F.  Roberts, 


li)7VU 


i 


I 


'^ 


OREGON  TO  WNSnil'. 


857 


1871 ;  Charles  A.Crane,  Cutler  F.  Roberts.  James 
Crofts,  1872;  George  J.  Miller,  Gilbert  C.  Hartley, 
F,<l\varcl  Burt,  lS7o;  Weslev  Hi(ks,  Kchvanl  Burt, 
Gilbert  ('.  Bartley,  1,S74  ;  Cliarles  II.  I'.rown,  Tlionias 
Wymi,  I'atrii-k  J\ieHenry,  1.S7.");  William  Nixon,  (iil- 
bert  C.  Bartley,  Horace  Coy,  187ti;  (ietirfje  tiladieux, 
Knos  Moniiuee,  Conrad  Sruitblin,  1S77  ;  Daniel  Ma- 
<;innis,  George  Navarre,  John  B.  Kohne,  1878-80;  D. 
H.  Maginnis,  Gilbert  Burr,  George  Navarre,  1880;  1). 
B.  Maginnis,  James  S.  Metzger,  George  Navarre, 
1S81-8:!:  Amos  Debolt,  Charles  Cook,  George  J.  Mil- 
ler, John  Mominee.  1884-86  ;  George  J.  Miller,  Fred. 
Matthews,  Llovd  Albertson,  1886  ;  Knos  Mouiinee, 
1887. 

Justices  of  the  Pe.\ce — Joseph  Prentice,  1837; 
Oliver  ytevens,  John  Consanl,  Jr.,  1840;  John  Con- 
saul,  Jr.,  184o  ;  Elijah  J.  Woodrutl',  William  Prentice, 
1846;  Elijah  J.  Woodruti;  George  D.  Treat,  1849; 
Benjamin  Bixby,  George  D.  Treat,  1852;  Alonzo 
Kogers,  1853;  i)avid  Crane,  18.^.5;  Ezra  Howland, 
1856;  Samuel  S.  Curtis,  1857  ;  Horace  Howland,  18.58  ; 
Amasa  Benedict,  1S62;  Ezra  Howland,  1863;  George 
P.  Treat,  1865  ;  Oliver  Stevens,  1867;  (ieorge  D. Treat, 
186.S;  Stephen  Hideout,  1S70 ;  Peter  B.  Porter,  1872; 
H.  H.  Dowe,  1874;  David  W.  Maginnis,  William 
Nixon,  1875  ;  John  L.  Brown,  1876  ;  David  W.  Ma- 
ginnis, 1878;  George  Southwick,  187!);  David  W. 
Maginnis,  1881;  John  B.  Kohne,  1882;  David  W. 
Maginnis,  1884;  Jonathan  Wynn,  L.  B.  Bailey,  1887. 

Oregon  Township  raised  $4,912.50  to  furnish 
its  quota  of  the  300,000  men  called  for  in  De- 
cember, 1804. 

SCHOOLS. 

The.  settlors  built  a  log  School- house  on  the 
Woodville  road  in  1.S34.  In  tbi.s  the  first  School 
in  the  Township  was  tauglit  by  Elizur  Stevens, 
a  brother  of  Oliver  Stevens.  Mr.  Stevens  went 
into  the  "  Patriot  War"  and  was  captured  hy 
the  British  and  sent  to  Van  Dieman's  Land. 
He  atterwards  returned,  brolcen  in  liealth,  and 
died  at  his  father's  in  Lebanon,  New  York. 

After  the  organization  of  the  Township  (Sep- 
tember 10,  18!:)7),fourSchool  Districts  were  laid 
out.  The  amounts  of  money  then  distributed 
among  the  respective  Districts,  were  as  follows: 
No.  l',?20  24;  No.  2,  S10.05;  No.  8,  $20.05; 
No.  4,  $13.29;  total,  $70.35. 

Among  the  early  Directors  of  Schools  in  the 
Township  we  find  the  names  of  Lawson  Hicks 
and  I\ariel  Salisbury,  District  two,  1839  ;  Eli- 
jah J.  Woodruff,  George  D.  Treat,  District 
three,  1839  ;  John  Consaul  and  Robert  Den- 
man,  District  three,  1840;  Oliver  Stevens,  Law. 
son  Hicks,  Ebenezer  W^aid,  District  two,  1841 ; 
Geoi-ge  D.  Treat,  John  Consaul,  Jr.,  James 
Maddoiks,  District  three,  1841  ;  Jo.se])ii  W. 
J'renlice,  Kraucis  W.  Jenison,  Hiram  lirowTi, 
District  one,  1841;  Gabriel  Crane,  Hiram 
Brown,  Hiram  Vinal,  District  one,  1842. 

Napoleon  Dennj'  commenced  teachinir  in 
District  No.  1,  January  11,  and  continued  1  ,' 
months,  at  $12  jjer  month;  No.  scholai-s,  23. 
July  Ann  Whitmoro  was  emiiloyed  as  Teacher 
June  24,  1839,  and  taught  eight  weeks  at  a  sal- 
ary of  $2.00  ]ier  week  ;   No.  scholars,  14. 

May  14,  1S42,  theori^inal  four  Districts  were 
resolved  into  two. 


The  enumeration  of  white  j'ouths  in  the 
Township  October  1,  1842,  sliows  :  District  No. 
l_Males,  20;  females,  2(1.  District  No.  2— 
Males,  12;  females,  20.  Total,  38  males,  40 
females. 

Under  the  new  act  of  March  14,  ls53,  the 
first  School  Board  consisted  of  Sylvester  firown. 
Clerk  of  the  first  District ;  (ieorge  D.  Treat, 
Clerk  of  Sub-District  No.  two;  John  Tj.  Brown, 
Clerk  of  Sub-District  No.  three,  atid  Ezra  How- 
land, Township  Clerk.  The}'  met  in  A])ril, 
1853,  and  organized  b}-  electing  George  B. 
Treat,  Chairman  of  the  session.  One  hundred 
dollars  was  voted  for  incidental  expenses,  and 
a  two-mill  tax  imposed  for  tuition. 

A  fourth  District  was  set  off  October  22, 
1853  ;  and  on  January  20, 1855,  Liljrai'ians  were 
appointed  to  take  charge  of  the  School  Li- 
braries. 

In  1856  the  number  of'Dislricts  was  inc'reascd 
to  six,  and  the  number  of  scholars  and  division 
of  the  School-house  and  tuition  funds  were  as 
shown  below  : 

Scholars.  School-house  Fund.     Tuilion  Fund. 

No.  1  51                $88  14  *270  06 

No.  2 47                  SI  23  24!)  71 

No.  3 45  •            77  76  23!)  03 

No.  4 87               1.50  35  462  22 

No.  5 13                 22  47  69  03 

No.  6 35                 60  48  185  93 

Total 278  $480  43  $1,470  88 

The  Township  now  contains  11  Districts, 
with  School  population  as  follows :  Males,  471 ; 
females,  457;  colored,  3;  total,  928;  between 
the  ages  of  16  and  21,  240. 

The  Oregon  Cemetery  was  laid  out  by  the 
Trustees  of  the  Township  on  the  West  half  of 
Section  eight,  Town  ten,  Soutii  of  Uaiige  eight 
East,  March  1,  1856,  and  contained  in  the  orig- 
inal plat  three  acres  of  ground.  An  addition 
was  made  to  it  in  1872. 

CHURCHE.S. 

The  oldest  Church  in  the  Townshi]i,  is  that 
of  the  Baptists,  now  in  Mast  Toledo.  Thei-e 
are  no  records  giving  the  date  of  oi-ganization, 
but  Mr.  Oliver  Stevens  and  others  of  the  first 
settlers  are  confident  that  the  Ba]itists  were  the 
first  to  form  an  organization  in  the  'i'ownship. 
(In  Chajjter  ii.  Part  viii,  will  be  found  record 
of  other  Churches  in  Oregon.) 

CHARLES  COY  was  l)orn  in  Oxfordshire, 
Englanil,  Aj)ril  1,  1817,  and  <iied  after  one 
week's  illness,  September  15, 1883.  The  family 
came  to  the  United  States  in  1832,  and  settled 
in  Stark  County,  Ohio.  In  May,  18:i5,  they 
came  to  what  is  now  Poss  To\vnslii|i,  Wootl 
County,  where  Charles  has  since  lived.  He  is 
the  oldest  of  three  brothers.  His  life-work  was 
farming,  which  he  |nirsuedwith  success,  mean- 
time   winning   and     maintaining   the    highest 


858 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


respect  and  confidence  of  his  fellow-citizens. 
Of  an  enquiring  mind,  he  sought  diligently  for 
such  knowledge  as  promised  most  assistance  in 
the  activities  and  duties  of  life.  Earnest  and 
economical  in  management,  he  was  able  to  pro- 
vide himself  with  ample  means  for  every  de- 
mand. Coming  to  this  region  more  than  50 
vears  ago,  he  saw  the  then  solid  forest — the 
Black  Swamp — slowly  yield  to  pioneer  enter- 
prise and  vigor,  and  the  Wilderness  trans- 
formed to  fruitful  fields.  Toledo,  meantime, 
advanced  from  a  struggling  Village  to  a  great 
commercial  City.  Himself  strictly  correct  in 
personal  habit,  he  ever  was  a  friend  to  virtue 
and  good  order  in  the  community  -in  every 
respect  challenging  the  esteem  of  all  who  knew 


him.  He  was  manj'  times  called  to  serve  his 
neighbors  in  local  official  positions — as  Town- 
ship Trustee,  School  Director  and  Supervisor 
of  Highways.  He  was  at  times  associated  in 
business  ventures  with  leading  nien  in  Toledo, 
and  was  recognized  as  among  the  most  enter- 
prising of  the  farmers  of  the  County.  In  1852 
Mr.  Coy  was  married  with  Mercy  Gardner, 
daughter  of  Robert  Gardner,  who  settled  in  the 
the  Maumee  Vallej'  in  1830.  They  had  seven 
children — Mary  Elizabeth,  wifeofHiram  Egles- 
ton  ;  Alice,  who  died  in  infancy;  Caroline,  wife 
of  Thornton  Dixon  ;  Louisa  T.,  wife  of  Isaac 
Eideout;  Addie,  wife  of  Frederick  Wachter, 
who  died  August  31,  1884;  Charles  Henry, 
and  William  O. 


PROVIDENCE    TOWNSHIP. 


The  territory  embraced  in  Providence  Town- 
ship, was  formerly  part  of  Wood  County.  Prior 
to  the  advent  of  white  settlers,  it  was  the  abode 
of  the  Ottawa  tribe  of  Indians.  At  the  be- 
ginning of  the  present  century,  a  large  Indian 
Village  existed  below  what  was  formerlj'  the 
Village  of  Providence,  near  Wolf  Rapids  ;  and 
from  the  fact  of  the  fine  forests,  principally  of 
oak  aud  majjle,  which  abounded  in  this  section, 
and  the  rich  fields  for  hunting  and  fishing  in 
the  surrounding  country,  it  is  presumed  that 
it  had  been  for  many  years  a  favorite  Indian 
resort.  About  the  time  of  the  War  of  1812  it 
is  estimated  there  were  900  Indians  in  the  im- 
mediate vicinity  of  the  country  bordering  on 
the  Miami  of  Lake  Erie  near  the  head  ot  the 
Ra])ids.  Tondaganie  (or  the  Dog),  was  at  the 
beginning  of  the  present  century  Chief  ot  the 
Ottawa  tribe,  whose  Village  was  located  as  be- 
fore stated.  He  became  well  known  to  the 
earlier  settlers  along  the  Maumee,  and  in  the 
treat}'  made  at  Detroit,  in  1807,  a  tract  of  land 
six  miles  square  above  Roche  de  Boeuf,  iuL-lud- 
ing  the  Village  where  he  lived,  was  reserved 
for  his  tribe. 

The  earliest  white  settler  in  Providence 
Township,  was  Peter  Manor  (or  Minor,  as  often 
written),  a  sketch  of  whose  life  follows  this  ar- 
ticle. He  settled  there  in  181G,  and  erected  a 
log-cabin  near  the  River,  South  of  the  site  on 
which  several  years  later  Providence  Village 
was  laid  out.  His  son,  Francis, still  living  in  the 
Township,  was  born  four  j-ears  previously,  and 
now  retains  clear  and  vivid  recollections  of  the 
years  jjassed  in  a  section  without  a  white  neigh- 
bor within  a  number  of  miles  of  his  father's 
residence.  Speaking  of  this  period  Francis 
Manor  said  : 

I  was  born  in  Maumee,  on  the  IStb  May,  1812. 
About  this  time  war  between  the  United  States  and 
the  British  and  Indians  commenced,  and  my  father 
removed  his  family  to  Lower  Sandusky  (now  Fre- 
mont) for  safety  and  protection.  But  that  point,  too, 
was  soon  deemed  insecure,  and  he  removed  to  Upper 


Sandusky  (40  miles  South),  where  he  continued  to 
reside  until  hostilities  were  over.  As  soon  as  it  was 
considered  safe,  we  returned  to  Maumee  and  moved 
up  the  River  to  Providence,  January  1,  181(),  where 
I  have  resided  ever  since,  knowing  no  other  place  as 
my  home.  My  earliest  recollections  are  of  Ottawa 
Indians,  with  whom  I  was  familiar  until  they  left 
tlieir  Reservation  in  1837.  About  the  only  impression 
that  1  retain,  and  the  most  prominent  feature  in  their 
character,  was  their  love  for  strono;  drink,  which 
made  savage  drunken  carousals  very  frequent.  When 
unmolested,  they  were  in  the  main  harmless  and 
peaceable,  and  gave  the  whites  no  trouble.  From 
tlie  time  of  our  locating  in  Providence  until  their  re- 
moval, I  remember  no  instance  in  which  fear  was 
had  on  their  account,  except  in  the  year  lS.'i>2,  when 
some  believed  that  an  Indian  outbreak  was  about  to 
occur,  and  considerable  excitement  prevailed  along 
the  Maumee.  It  took  but  a  few  days,  though,  to 
allay  the  fears,  as  the  report  was  plainly  false. 

For  several  years  following  1816,  Peter  Manor 
and  fiimily  were  the  only  permanent  white 
settlers  in  the  territory  now  embraced  in  Prov- 
idence Township.  Mr.  Manor  gained  the  good 
will  of  his  Indian  neighbors  and  was  a  trusted 
and  respected  character  among  them.  He 
withstood  alone  for  years  the  terrible  hardships 
and  privations  of  pioneer  life,  displaying  all  the 
courage  and  fortitude  required  of  those  early 
pioneers  who  struggled  to  render  the  wild  and 
trackless  wilderness  the  abode  of  a  civilized 
and  prosperous  people.  As  a  signal  mark  of 
the  favor  in  which  he  was  held  by  the  Indians, 
he  was  adopted  as  a  son  by  an  Ottawa  Chief 
named  Tondaganie,  and  given  the  name  of  Saw- 
endibans,  or  the  "Yellow  Hail-."  In  conse- 
quence of  this  relationship  to  the  Ottawas,  he 
was  in  1827  granted  by  the  Government  a 
section  of  land  containing  643  acres,  located 
about  the  center  of  the  Southern  part  adjoining 
the  Maumee  River  of  the  three-miles  square 
ceded  to  the  United  States  in  1807  by  the  treaty 
made  at  Detroit.  Following  is  a  copy  of  this 
deed,  now  in  possession  of  Francis  Manor: 

The  United  States  of  Amekic.v.  To  all  to  whom 
these  presents  shall  come,  Greeting:     Know  Ye,  That 


PRO] 'IDENCE  TO WNSHIP. 


859 


in  pursuance  of  the  eiglith  article  of  tlie  Treaty  made 
and  concluded  at  the  Foot  of  the  Rapids  of  the 
Miami  of  Lake  Krie,  bi  tween  Lewis  Cass  and  Duncan 
McArthur,  Conmnssioners  of  the  United  States,  with 
the  full  |)ower  and  authority  to  hold  conferences  and 
conclude  and  sign  a  treaty  or  treaties  with  all  or  any 
of  the  Nations  orTrilies  of  Indians  within  the  hiiun- 
daries  of  the  .State  of  Ohio,  of  and  concerning  all 
matters  interesting  to  the  United  States  and  the  said 
Nations  of  Indians,  of  the  one  part ;  and  the  Sachems, 
Chiefs  and  Warriors  of  the  Wyandot,  Seneca,  Dela- 
ware, Shawanee,  Poitawatamee,  Ottawa  and  Chip- 
pewa Tribes  of  Indians:  there  is  granted  by  the 
United  States  unto  Sa\ven-di-bans,  or  the  Yellow- 
Hair,  or  Peter  Minor,  an  adopted  son  of  Ton-dag-a-nie, 
and  to  his  heirs,  out  of  the  tract  reserved  by  the 
Treaty  of  Detroit  in  1807,  above  Roche  de  Bouef,  a 
section  of  land  containing  li4o  acres,  on  the  North 
side  of  the  Miami  River,  at  the  Wolf  Rapids,  bounded 
and  described  as  follows,  to  wit:  Beginning  at  aW. 
Oak  16  inches  in  diameter,  on  the  North  bank  of  the 
Miami  River,  from  which  a  W.  Oak  10  inches  in 
diameter  bears  Noilh  45  degrees  West,  distant  four 
links;  thence  North  80  chains  to  a  post,  from  which 
a  W.  Oak  l!0  inches  in  diameter  bears  North  10  de- 
grees "West,  distant  23  links,  and  au  Elm  10  inches  in 
diameter  bears  South  25  degrees  East,  distant  50 
links  ;  thence  East  80  chains  to  a  post  from  which  a 
W.  Oak  20  inches  in  diameter  bears  North  88  degrees 
West,  distant  68  links  ;  thence  South  88  chains  and 
00  links  to  a  post  on  the  North  bank  of  the  Miami 
River  ;  thence  up  the  River  with  the  meander  thereof 
to  the  place  of  beginning.  To  have  and  to  hold  the 
said  tract  with  the  appurtenances  unto  the  said  Sa- 
wen-di-bans  or  the  Yellow  Hair  or  Peter  Minor,  and 
to  his  heirs  forever ;  but  never  to  be  conveyed  by 
him  or  his  heirs  without  the  permission  of  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States. 

In  testimony  w'hereof,  I,  John  Quincy  Adams, 
President  of  the  United  States,  have  caused  these 
titles  to  be  made  patent,  and  the  seal  of  the  General 
Land  Oliice  to  be  hereunto  affixed. 

. — ' — .  Given  under  my  hand  at  the  City  of  Wash- 
i  <^  »r  \  ington,  the  2-lth  day  of  November,  in  the 
I  '"^'^^-  )      year   of   our   Lord    1827,  and  of   the  In- 

— . — '         dependence  of  the  United  States  the  52d. 

15y  the  President,  J.  Q.  Adams. 

Henry  Clay,  Secretary  of  State. 

Betvreen  1827  and  1832,  a  portion  of  land, 
consisting  of  317  acres,  adjoining  the  above 
deeded  tract  on  the  North  was  ceded  to  Mr. 
Manor,  by  a  similar  grant.  The  only  descend- 
ant of  Peter  now  living  on  this  reserve,  which 
included  the  site  of  Providence  Village,  is 
Francis  Manor.  About  1828  there  were  living 
on  the  same  tract  or  in  tiie  immediate  neigh- 
borhood, several  White  families,  who  came 
there  a  few  years  alter  Mr.  Manor's  settlement. 
From  the  best  information  to  be  obtained,  they 
settled  here  in  the  oi'der  nametl — William 
Ewing,  Xenophon  Mead,  James  Hartwell,  John 
tialloway,  Benjamin  Atkinson,  Charles  Mc- 
Karn,  A.  B.  Mead  and  Philip  C.  Mosher.  In 
1835  the  plat  of  gound  on  which  Providence 
Village  was  located  was  laid  out  by  Peter 
Manor  in  80  Village  lots  with  five  Streets, 
named  Main,  Spring,  Ford,  Center  and  West. 
The  name  of  the  Village  of  Providence,  subse- 
quently given  to  the  Township,  is  said  to  have 
been  ado|)led  at  tlie  suggestion  of  Peter  Manor. 
Among  the  first  purchasers  ol  lots  were  George 


Gale,  John  E.  Hunt,  A.  B.  Mead  and  Robert  J. 
Forsyth.  At  this  time  this  location  was  con- 
sidered most  favorable,  and  lots  were  readily 
sold  to  enterprising  men. 

The  first  store  was  erected  in  1835  by  A.  B. 
Mead,  followed  by  the  erection  of  two  more 
soon  after  by  J.  B.  Abele  and  Neptune  Near- 
ing,  (the  latter  the  fatiier  of  Mars  Nearing, 
now  of  Toledo).  A  Mr.  Phillij)s  built  the  first 
hotel,  and  before  the  year  IS.'JO  had  closed. 
Providence  had  all  the  evidences  of  commercial 
growth  of  a  thriving  Village.  Stores,  hotels 
and  warehouses  were  rapidlycompleted  to  sup- 
ply the  demands  of  business.  It  became  the 
stopping  place  for  traders  and  travelers  on 
their  way  to  the  great  West.  The  mode  of 
travel  at  that  early  date  was  largely  by  water  ; 
yet  very  many  emigrants  were  making  their 
way  West  with  ox-teams,  while  others  traversed 
the  whole  distance  from  the  seaboard  on  foot. 
To  accommodate  these  travelers,  as  early  as 
1840  five  hotels  had  been  built  in  Providence, 
while  four  general  stores  did  a  lucrative  busi- 
ness. Another  source  of  prosperity  w-as  in 
trade  in  fur  and  timber  found  in  abundance  in 
the  surrounding  country. 

The  building  of  the  Miami  and  Erie  and 
AVabash  Canals  was  another  cause  of  spasmodic 
growth.  But  the  building  of  Eailroads  turned 
the  tide  of  trade  to  other  localities;  and  as  the 
trade  in  furs  and  timber  declined,  the  life  and 
prosperity  of  Providence  Village  began  to  go 
down  as  fast  as  they  came  uj).  Business  men  left 
for  other  places  more  favorable.  An  extensive 
fire  in  1846  destroyed  the  principal  business 
portion  of  the  Village,  which  never  was  re- 
built. The  Cholera  scourge  of  1854  was  par- 
ticularly severe  in  Providence,  a  lai-ge  portion 
of  the  pojjulation  dying  of  this  disease.  After 
this  period,  lots  began  to  be  vacated ;  and 
to-day,  where  once  was  a  thriving  Village,  is 
nothing  but  farming  lands.  The  onl}'  structure 
remaining  of  the  original  buildings  is  a  portion 
of  a  brick  residence  now  occcupied  by  Elias 
Oberlj-,  formerly  the  residenceot  Peter  Manor. 

Providence  Village,  particular!}',  of  all  the 
points  along  the  River,  had  the  reputation  of 
being  a  very  bud  jslace,  and  this  reputation 
perhaps  was  not  undeserved.  Fights  and 
drunken  carousals  were  of  frequent  occurrence, 
while  if  the  opinion  of  those  familiar  with  its 
history  during  the  period  of  its  greatest  pros- 
perity, is  to  be  believed,  it  was  the  resort  of 
criminal  classes  from  not  only  along  the  Mau- 
mee,  but  from  the  State  of  Michigan. 

Churches. — Until  the  erection  of  St.  Joseph 
Catholic  Church  in  1845,  no  regular  house 
for  religious  worship  existed  in  Providence 
Township.  Prior  to  that  date,  Protestant  and 
•Catholic  services  were  held  in  jirivate  dwel- 
lings or  in  the  District  School  House,  and  were 
conducted  by  traveling  Ministers  or  Priests,  or 
by  some    of  the    religiously    inclined    settlers. 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Sabbath  Schools  were  lield  many  j'ears  before 
the  establislimeut  of  Churches. 

The  lirst  Church  erected  in  Providence 
Township  was  St.  Patrick's  Catholic  Church. 
The  plat  upon  which  it  stands  was  in  the  re- 
serve of  Peter  Manor,  by  whom  it  was  deeded  to 
John  Buptiste  Purcell,  Bishop  of  the  Diocese  of 
Ohio,  in  January,  1845.  The  same  year  the 
Church  now  standing  was  erected.  It  is  now 
said  to  be  the  third  oldest  Church  in  the  Dio- 
cese of  Cleveland.  The  first  Priest  was  Eev. 
J.  Maloney,  who  remained  in  that  position 
until  1863.  He  is  now  Pastor  of  St.  Malachi 
Church  of  Cleveland.  Father  Maloney  was 
succeeded  by  Reverend  J.  M.  Putz,  who  re- 
mained two  years.  Since  then  the  following 
Priests  have  oificiated  :  1865-68,  N.  A.  Moas  ; 
1868-9,  Daniel  O'Keefe;  1870-77,  H.  D.  Best; 
1877-83,  H.  Kalapp;  1883:85,  George  Leening. 
The  present  Priest,  John  McGrath,  was  ap- 
pointed in  1885. 

The  first  Protestant  Church  was  organized 
in  1866,  as  a  Union  Church.  A  Church  edifice 
was  erected  near  the  School  House  in  District 
No.  4.  It  was  destroyed  by  fire  some  years 
since.  No  regular  Minister  was  stationed  there, 
the  pulpit  being  occasionally  supplied  by  Min- 
isters from  adjacent  sections  of  the  country.  The 
same  is  true  of  the  Salem  Church,  erected  in  1868. 

The  Methodist  or  United  Brethren  Church, 
was  mainly  organized  through  the  efforts  of 
Rev.  James  White,  of  Providence,  who  ever 
since  has  most  of  the  time  ofiieiated  as  Pastor. 

St.  Malachi's  German  Reform  Church  was 
erected  in  1877,  but  has  never  had  a  regularly 
installed  Pastor. 

The  Christian  Church  at  Neapolis,  with  the 
largest  membership  of  any  Church  in  Provi- 
dence, was  organized  in  June,  1874,  as  the  re- 
sult of  the  labors  of  Rev.  O.  J.  Britton,  in  tlie 
interest  of  District  No.  2,  of  the  Christian 
Church  of  Ohio.  Mr.  Britton  soon  after  re- 
moved to  Neapolis,  and  has  since  made  it  his 
permanent  residence.  The  original  members 
of  the  Church  were  J.  A.  Fair,  Richard  Wal- 
lace, A.  R.  Meredith,  Emily  Wallace,  Lyilia 
Fair,  Jennie  Wallace,  Mary  F.  Meredith, 
Thomas  P.  Conrad  and  Sally  Meredith,  Wil- 
liam Miller,  Albert  and  Irvin  Pratt,  and  Lou. 
Noble.  The  Church  edifice  (the  largest  in  the 
Township)  was  not  completed  until  1880. 
Meantime  services  were  held  in  the  School 
House.  Rev.  O.  J.  Britton  has  served  as 
Pastor  since  the  organization  of  the  Church. 
The  present  membership  is  about  00. 

The  Protestant  Methodist,  or  more  commonlj- 
known  as  the  "  Mount  Pleasant  Church,"  was 
erected  in  1882.     It  is  located  in  Section  5. 

All  of  the  foregoing  Protestant  Churches  have 
Sunday  Schools  connected  Avith  them. 

Schools. — The  first  Public  School  House 
in  Providence  was  ei-ected  in  1828,  on  the 
Eastern  portion  of  the  Peter  Manor  Reserve, 
near  the    present    School  building  in   District 


No.  1.  It  was  a  log  structure,  and  though  for 
years  unused,  is  still  standing.  Prior  to  the 
establishment  of  this  School,  traveling  peda- 
gogues during  the  Wintei'  months  visited  this 
locality  and  gave  private  instruction  at  the 
houses  of  their  patrons.  The  first  School 
Teacher  employed  was  Martha  Karns,  in  1828. 
School  Houses  were  erected  in  the  Towushi]> 
as  rapidlj^  as  required  to  meet  the  wants  of  an 
increasing  population,  although  it  is  impos- 
sible to  ascertain  the  exact  date  of  the  organi- 
zation of  the  separate  Districts.  In  1868  there 
were  six  School  Houses  in  the  Township, 
ei-ected  in  the  order  numbered.  At  this  date 
the  number  of  children  of  school  age  in  each 
District  was  as  follows:  District  One,  50; 
Two,  73;  Three,  92:  Four,  78;  Five,  47;  Six, 
11— a  total  of  351  in  the  Township.  Since  1868 
three  additional  School  Districts  have  been  es- 
tablished as  follows:  District  No.  7,  in  1873  ; 
No.  8,  in  1874;  and  No.  9  in  1885. 

Cyrus  H.  Coy,  of  Toledo,  began  his  active 
life  in  1835,  as  clerk  in  thestoreof  A.  B.  Mead, 
at  Providence.  He  also  taught  School  in  dif- 
ferent Districts  in  that  region,  the  same  being 
held  in  log-houses  without  chimneys,  the  daily 
Winter  sessions  closing  with  getting  in  the 
great  back-log  and  starting  anew  the  fire  in 
the  broad  fire-place  without  jam  or  mantle. 

ORGANIZATION    OF    TOWNSHIP. 

Providence  was  organized  as  a  Township  and 
became  a  part  of  Lucas  County  June  6,  1836. 
Its  boundary  at  this  date  is  described  as  fol- 
lows: On  the  South,  by  the  Southern  line  of 
the  County;  on  the  East  by  the  line  of  Section 
26  in  Towns  6  North  and  9  East;  on  the  North 
by  the  North  line  of  said  survej-ed  Town  No. 
9,  and  on  the  West  by  the  West  line  of  the 
County.     Its  area  is  about  28  square  miles. 

The  first  Township  election  was  held  at  the 
house  of  Peter  Manor,  July  30,  1836.  P.  C. 
Mosiier  and  Xenophon  Mead  acted  as  Clerks, 
and  Peter  Manor  and  Thomas  Rogers  as  Judges. 
'J'he  highest  number  of  votes  cast  for  any  one 
candidat(^  was  15.  The  following  officers  were 
chosen  :  Trustees,  Drake  Taylor,  Benjamin  At- 
kinson and  Xenophon  Mead  ;  Clerk,  William 
Ewing;  Treasurer,  Norman  MeatI;  Fence  View- 
ers, George  Hale  and  J.  Diefendeitt'er;  Poor 
Masters,  Hiram  Tuboo  and  John  Feagles;  Con- 
stables, Joseph  Ilartwell  and  Peter  Manor. 
Some  of  these  oflicers  neglecting  to  quality, 
their  places  were  filled  by  the  Trustees,  as  liil- 
fows:  Drake  Taylor,  Treasurer;  Peter  Manor 
and  John  Galloway,  Poor  Masters;  and  Cliarlcs 
McKarns  t'onstable. 

At  the  Presidential  election  held  November 
4,  1836,  when  perhaps  nearly  all  the  electors 
voted,  the  following  names  appear  on  the  poll 
list:  Hugh  Arbuckle,  Andrew  Elsey,  John 
Feagles,  John  Ilartwell,  X.  Mead,  William 
Ewing,  John  Galloway,  Peter  Manor,  Davitl 
Blanchard,   Henry   Galloway,    Samuel    Cable, 


PROVIDENCE  TOWNSHIP. 


mi 


A.  B.  Mead,  Elani  Locke,  John  Goss,  Peter 
Manor,  Jr.,  Jolin  .1.  Yagoi-,  Wni.  L.  Belliiiffor, 
Jolin  Stout,  Sr.,Fi-ancis  Manor,  Francis  Yajfcr, 
Peter  Yai^er,  John  Berlin,  Lovott  (iihsim,  I'hiiiii 
C.  Mosliei',  Oral  (Joiyer,  Samuel  .Miner,  (Jeorije 
JIaie,  and  William  Petti iiici'i'.  Althousrh  no 
recoi-tl  of  the  niuuherol' while  persons  residing 
iii  the  'l\i\vnshi]>  at  this  time  exists,  it  is  rea- 
sonable to  presume  liiat  it  did  not  exceed  200. 

At  an  election  held  December  17,  l.S:i(;, 
William  Ewing  was  elected  the  first  Justice  of 
the  Peace,  i-eceiving  all  the  votes  cast.  The 
electors  voting  at  this  time  wore;  Xenophon 
Mead,  Benjamin  Atkinson,  Peter  Manor,  Francis 
Manor,  Charles  McKarns,  Phili])  C  Mosher, 
A.  B.  Mosher,  A.  B.  Mead,  John  (Jalloway, 
Samuel  Miner,  Peter  Miner,  George  Hale,  Nor- 
man Mead  andAVilliam  Ewing. 

From  the  United  States  census  of  1850,  \\v, 
learn  the  pojuilation  then  was  4(!S.  In  ISGO  it 
had  increa.'?ed  to  (i'JO  ;  in  1S70,  to  St)3  ;  and  in 
18S0,  to  l,lti4.  The  number  of  electors  voting 
in  1885  was  22G. 

The  total  ass(^ssable  valuation  in  the  Town- 
ship (real  and  personal)  in  18.'!7,  was  $12,108, 
divided  as  follows :  lOUD  acres  of  land,  $4,200  ; 
Town  lots,  $5,073;  35  horses,  $1,400 ;  22  head 
of  cattle,  $170;  1  pleasure  carriage,  $30  :  nier 
cantile  capital,  $1,320.  In  188G  the  assessable 
valuation  was  $307, 040:  number  of  acres,  l(i,330. 

Following  is  a  list  of  persons  (axed  ujion  per- 
sonal ])roi)erty  in  Providence  Township  in  the 
year  1838,  with  the  character  and  assessed  value 
ot  the  property  taxed,  to  wit: 

HORSES    AND   CATTLE. 

.\tkinson.  Benjamin,  $  I  <iS.  Brofier,  William,  $80. 


Barker,  B.,  |7(). 
I'reeman,  Ira,  $-10. 
Hill,  tJeorge,  $.S. 
Mead,  Catharine,  l{18. 
Minor,  Peter,  $88. 
Mosher,  P.  C,  $ir,0. 
Shields,  Patrick,  .|4n. 
Yates  &  Myers,  .flL'O. 


I'.erlin,  James,  $\]'2 
t'liltrell  it  Dix,  !f!l'8U. 
lli^'bv,  John,  $(34. 
Ilawfoy,  Amos,  $120. 
Miiioi',  Francis,  48. 
.Minor,  Peter,  Jr.,  |40. 
Xearing,  Neptune,  $80. 
Vincent  &  Co.,  $80. 

MEUCHA.N'Ts'    CAPrrAL   AND   MONEY. 

P.aker,  D.  W.,  $200.  Freeman,  Ira,  $2.')0. 

Hill,  (ieorge,  $200.  Mead,  A.  B.,  $150. 

Kussell,  Samuel,  $300.        Vincent  &  Co.,  $20. 
Yates  &  Myers,  $100. 

The  annual  Township  elections  until  two 
yeai's  ago  were  held  at  places  .selected  by  ballot 
at  the  preceding  election  by  the  electors; 
usually  some  jirivate  dwelling  was  chosen. 
Since  1885,  a  small  building  near  the  School 
House  in  District  No.  4,  has  been  used. 

Following  is  a  list  of  the  principal  Township 
officers  from  1820  to  l8Sti: 

Tl'.CSTEES. 

IR-ie,  Iiriiki- Taylor,  Buujamiu  Atkinson,  X.  Mead;  1K.3T.  Hen- 
jamin  -\tUiiisou,  James  Barton,  .(ohn  (ialluway  :  IS-IH,  Pliiiip  (". 
MosliiT,  Benjamin  Atkin.suli,  Neptnnc  Nearing :  I83i),  Henjamin 
Atkiuscm.  I'liilip  C.  .Mosher,  John  Keagle ;  JHIII,  A.  li.  .Mead. 
!■.  i;  Moslier.  Kenjamin  Atkiu.soli  :  IMl,  A.  li.  .Meaii,  1'.  C. 
Mosher.  Benjamin  -Vtkinson  :  lH4:i.  P.  C  Moslier,  Isaac  Cunpliy, 
I'.'-njaniin  Atkinson;  IS13.  same  ;  IS41,  Sainnel  Koacli,  riiineas 
NrariiiK,  lK-15,  Alfii'.l  I.  lOlilriilL'e,  Miiah  Hoild,  lialen  I{. 
Aljell;  ISlll,  (jeorye  llaite,  i:iijali  llocld,  .lames  .MeKarii  ; 
1S47,    James    Lyous,    Patrick    Bird,    Van    Kenuselaer   C'roshy ; 


1S4S.  William  Close,  John  naiison.  Solomon  Allen  .  IRW,  Ocorgo 

Atkinson,  Kraneis  Manor,  Solomon  Allen;  I8.')0,  (o-o.  Atkinson. 
Henry  strayer,  John  Harrison;  iv>l,  James  .MeKernon,  Huuh 
Cole,  Jueol)  Ne.ss;  18.'iAsame;  IWS,  I'atriek  Binl,  Patrick  ifnik-lev, 
Jacob  Xcss:  IS.'il,  lieorge  Atkinson,  Oliver  Brav.  Jaroli  Ncs,s ; 
INW,  Ceorge  .VlkinBon,  James  Bowenmin,  .laeolj  Ness ;  IKVi.  fieo. 
Atkinson,  Lewis  llaninili,  Kmanuel  Sluts;  18r.".  James  Koacii, 
Lewis  Hannah,  Geo  Atkinson:  IS.W,  Isaac  Lndwiu,  Kmanuel 
Heller,  Amos  Perry;  IS.V.1,  Isaac  dill,  William  Atkinson.  Jame.s 
Hoach.  Jr.:  ISdil.  David  .McCulloiish,  James  Hutchinson,  O.  I>. 
Disher;  1H61,  Unnmucl  Heller,  John  Brown,  Isaac  Gill;  l«(i2, 
same;  1HH:1,  .Samuel  Arliopist,  Charles  Kvan,  Jeremiah  .Sluts; 
imi4,  David  McCulloUKh,  Jeremiah  Sluts,  Geo  !■'.  Black;  1865, 
\\illiam  Atkinson,  Kmanuel  Heller,  John  Wilson;  ISUe,  Tlioina-S 
Atkinson,  Emanuel  Heller,  Kmanuel  I.ahr;  18117,  John  A.  Uoaeh, 
Kmanuel  Lalir,  Jac"li  Bo.x  ;  18(18,  O  P.  Heller,  Joseph  Kord, 
David  .McCullouf,'h  ;  ISIlii  Lsaacl.udwiK,  Daniel  Mninmieli,  Kman- 
uel Heller;  ;S70,  H.  B.  Gray,  David  Walters,  Peter  Lahr;  1K7I. 
riuunas  Lake.  John  liithiUK'er.  John  A.  Gray;  1872,  .Michael 
Ness,  .Samuel  S.  Itoach,  .Samuel  Clucas ;  187:i,  .Michael  Ne.ss,  Tho-s. 
A.  Kiiukle.  C.  D.  Disher;  1874,  Aliram  Miller,  Jacob  Heater, 
Kmanuel  Lahr;  1S75,  Ahram  Miller.  William  Chanucll,  T.  P. 
Meredith  ;  187(i,  James  Koaeh.  Isaai'  LiidwiK.  liavid  .MeCulloiii;h  ; 
1.S77,  James  Koach.  Henry  Keller,  T.  P.  Meredith;  l.s78,  W.  H. 
Kceler,  Charles  Koscli.  Christian  Disher;  lS71t,  David  McCul- 
loiiuh,  C.  1).  Disher,  Charles  Koseh ;  18S0,  Hcnrv  Keller,  J.  A. 
Gray.  S.  P.  Whitner  ;  1881,  Christian  Disher,  Uvi  Perry,  William 
Gill;  1.M82.  James  Crockett,  W.  11.  Keller,  William  Bo.\  ;  ISs:), 
C.  B.  Demiith.  James  Crockett.  G.  W.  cianlz;  1884,  Samuel 
Clueas.  W.  II.  Gray,  C.  I)  Disher:  WW,  L.  M.  Heller,  .Siniuel 
Clucas,  W.  H.  Gray ;  1,SS6,  C.  D.  Di  ninth,  C.  Disher,  Thonuus  Gray. 

TKKASUKERS. 

18,16-37,  Drake  Taylor ;  18:i8-3'.i,  Neptune  Nearing  ;  1810,  Isaac 
Barkheimer;  1841-42,  X.  Mead;  184:1-44,  G.  B.  Ahele;  1&15,  Francis 
.Manor;  1846,  Patrick  t;uiuley:  1847,  Samuel  Koaeh;  1818  49-511, 
G.  B.  Allele;  18.)1,  S.  B.  Roach;  1852,  .Samuel  Koach  ;  ls.Vl-.'j4-.'>5, 
S.  H.  Stei'dmau  :  1856-111,  Henry  .Strayer;  1862,  George  II.  Piatt; 
186),  C.  D.  Disher;  1864  66,  John  Wilson  ;  1867,  Jacob  Ness;  1868- 
71,  K.  D.  Gillett;  1872-73,  Isaac  Ludwig:  1S74,  Johu  A.  Grav; 
1S75,  K.  D.  Gillett ;  1876-79,  John  Ryan  ;  1880.  S.  B.  Roach ;  1881- 
86,  Johu  Wilsou. 

JUSTICES   OK    THE    PEACE. 

1836-37,  William  Ewing:  1838-30,  Philip  C.  Mo.sher :  1841). 
Benjamin  -Vtkinson  ;  1841,  P.  C.  Mosher  ;  1842,  P.  B.  Brown  ;  1843" 
47,  G.  W.  Walker;  1848,  .lames  Lyons;  184'J,  Levi  Perrv ;  18,'i0-,52' 
(J.  W.  Walker  ;  1853,  Patrick  Quiglev  ;  1854,  David  Dean  ;  18.-.5-58' 
Jeremiah  Atkinson;  185S-61,  John  Wilson;  1862-6.5.  Oliver  P- 
Heller,  1865-68,  James  White;  1868-71.  John  Rvau ;  1871-74. 
Michael  Ne.ss;  1874-77,  W.  H.  Keeler:  1877-80,  O.  P.'Heller;  ItSO" 
83,  A.  U.  Liudley ;  1883-86,  Michael  Ness. 

TOWNSHIP    CLERKS. 

1836-39,  Xenephon  Mead:  1840,  Alonzo  Dee;  1841,  Leonard 
Di.\ ;  1842-43,  Norman  Mead  ;  1844,  Thomas  lirophv  ;  1845,  .Samuel 
G.  Koach;  1846,  Mathias  Campbell;  1847-48,  Norman  Mead; 
1849-50,  H.  P.  Taylor;  1851,  G.  B.  North:  1852,  Thomas  Brophv  ; 
185:3-58,  I.  F.  Gillett:  1859,  Levi  Koach;  1860.  James  Sluts:  1S61, 
George  Long,  1862-64,  J.  M.  Adair:  1865,  I{.  C.  quiggle;  1866, 
Levi  Roach  ;  1867,  Levi  Perry:  1868-71,  Levi  Roach;  1872,  James 
Pollock ;  1873-74,  Levi  Roach  ;  1876,  Tliomas  J.  Lake :  1877,  Ahram 
Fridegar:  1878-79,  J.  S.  Miller;  1880,  Uvi  Koach;  1S81,  Robert 
Place;  1882,  Levi  Roach  ;  1883.  T.  A.  Pollock  ;  1881,  Levi  Roach  ; 
18  J85ames  Pollock ;  1886,  G.  H.  Clanta. 

ORIGINAL    LAND    ENTRIES. 

From  the  records  in  County  Eecorder's  office 
has  beeu  compiled  the  following  statement  ot 
original  entries  of  lands  in  Providence  Town- 
ship, showing  the  location,  name  of  jiurchascr, 
date  of  purchase  and  acres  jiurchased  ; 

RANGE  NINE,  TOWN  FIVE. 


s 

1 

Friwtion. 

Purchaser. 

1 

i 

4 

Whole  fractional - 

Miclmel  Shields 

A.  11.  Lansdale 

Levi    Keinluirt     ami 

John  Hucon 

A.  U.  l-aiisiliile 

Keinluirt  and  Hacon. 

I'atrick    (.JuigU'y 

Win.   lUirbin  and  K. 

M.'  Shoemaker 

l.S-12 
1842 

1842 
1812 
18-12 
1842 

1844 

,52  57 

5 
5 

N  W  J^NEJi 

S  W  J4  N  E^ 

40 

5 

NWJ^NW}^ 

S  W  V-i  N  W  k     

40 

•19.76 
49  76 

5 
6 

SJ^S  WM 

46.48 
46.86 

KANoe   NINE,  TOWN   SI.V. 


SE^NW^i.. 

N  frac.  N  W  Ji. 


Samuel  Garnett 

John  <r.  Schneider.. 


1849 

1848 


40 
.'Hi.40 


862 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


RANGE  NINE,  TOWN  SIX — Continued. 


Fraction. 


9 

9 

9 

9 

9 
14 
14 
)4 
14 
14 
14 
15 
15 
16 
16 
17 
18 
18 
18 
20 

80 

ao 

20 
20 
21 
21 
21 

22 
22 
22 
22 
22 
22 

23 
23 
23 
23 
83 
2« 
87 

27 
27 
27 
28 
28 
28 
28 
28 
28 
28 
28 
29 
29 
29 
29 
29 
29 
29 


N  frac.  N  E  J4 John   Holliger 

S  frac.  N  E  J4 Frederick  Mahler. 

SHS>^ Norton  &  Tavlor.. 

S  i^S  E  K 'Norton  &Tavlor.. 

EK>  S  E  H  >!  E!4  and  S  W  Geo.  Ramer  and  AUi- 

UXW'X son  Oberly.... 

E  pt.  S  E  H  &  N  ^  N  W  J^  John  R.  Osborn 

EK,S\VJ4 ■ • 

WHS WM 

NE  MKEJ4 

W  V>  S  E  M  &  8  E  Ji  S  E  14 

E^S  \V% 

SEJiNEJi  

wx N  w  a 

EWN  WJi 

N  WM  SEM 

S)^  SE  ^ 

NWKNWM 

SWM  N  Vf  % 

NEi^N  W14 

N  W  J4 

Ei-^  andEJ^S  WJi 

NWfrac.  H 

S  W  k  SE  a 

S>iS  W  frac.  M 

Ei^SEM 

N  W  J4  N  W  % 


SW  J^N  WK 

N  W  5i,_„ 

NEJ4S  WV-— 

N  W  14  s  W  X-- 
S  W  14SW  J^  .... 
EHS  WK 


N  W  14  N  W  14  . 

Ki^N  W34 

N  KN  EJi  .... 

SKNEJi 

EHS  EH- 


N  ^  N  "  ■  ■ 


,-       EH 

S!4NEJi 

N  WW 

WUSEVi 

N  W  >i  S  E^ 

s  w  1^  s  vfH 

SEfrac.  H8EJi 

N  E  14  N  W  «  and  S  W 

«-N  WJ, 

SEWN  W  J4 

N  W3iN  W  K 

W^SWM 

S  EJ4N  eV 

NE^SEJi 

S  WiiSE!4 

SE  "i  SE  H 

W«S  W>4„_ 

SE14SW  V 


A.  F.  Norris 

Joseph  E.  Hall — 

John  M.  Meyer,  Jr. -. 

Charles  Crile 

Thos.  S.  Shoemaker. 

Conret  Fulcot 

George  Sehnable 

James  Craven 

John  Carter 

Wm  E.  Hedges 

Joseph  Rochte 

Samuel    Harrington. 
James  Van  Orden... 

I)aTid  Lucas 

.\bel  T.  Norris 

Robt.  McCargen  Hall 
J.  P.  Chambers.. 
Benj.  W.  Mann.. 
Mary  Stephenson 
Rachel  H.  Van  Meter 

Robert  .\ckland 

Alonzo  Crosby 

I>aae  M.  North 

J.  D.  Chambers 

O.  R.  Crosby 

Wm.  Lynafoos 

Edwin  Lloyd 

John  Lloyd 

E.  S,    Frost  or    Wm, 

Roush... 

George  Height 

John  Rnthinger 

Wm.   Kimber 

Joel  Myers 

Daniel  Whistler 

Robert    Wilson 

Samuel  Harrington.. 

Wm.   Limbrick 

Andrew  Long 

JohnC,  Allen 

Jeremiah  M.  Jackson 

A.  1).  SchoU 

John  Morgan 


NEJ4SEJ4— 
NE14S  Wli.. 
N  W!^8  W«. 
NEXNWJ4. 
S  W  JiS  Wi^.. 
SE  W  N  W  1^.. 
N W VN  W  a 

SEJ^SEK-  — 

N  E  Ji  N  E  K  and  S  W 14  N 


N  wld'NEid 

liU&^H  

N  W  frac.  ^  S  W  )i  . 


S  H  N  W  }i. 
NEW 

NEJlS  Wii. 


w  ii  s  WM.; 

S  W  !4  S  fi^  and  S  W  X 

S  WH 

EUSEJi 

N  BUS  WW.. 

s  w  a  N  W  M . 
SEH 

E  H  s  W  M 


Patrick  Bird 

R.  I).  Gillett 

Thomas  H.  Phillips. 

Edwin  Fuller.- 

Humphrey  Karns... 

Olin  Pray 

.\mbrose  Pray 

Amy  Jane  Fray 

Ambrose  H.  Pray... 
Orlando  Champion. 

Reuben  Hall 

Humphrey  Karnes. 

Abraham  Miller 

Levi  Perry 

Henry  Strayer 

Balzer  Sheets 

Levi  Perry 

Solomon  Allen 


Adam  King , 

Barnhart  King 

Matthew  Logan... 
Noble  Jelferson,. 

John  Close __ 

Henry  Cratt 

Wm.  R.  Maderia. 
Patrick  Quigley.. 


r.^a  n  >4 

S  W  14  and  N   W  Jii  S  E 

frac.  M 

Npt.  N  Efrac 

S  pt.  frac 


Peter  Williams 

Wm.  C.  Hedges      ... 
Humphrey  Karnes.. 

Emanuel  'Heller 

Michael  Shellay 

A.  J.  Dickinson 


Benjamin  Atkinson. 

Philip  Cripliver 

Jacob  Mdiuilling... 


1848 
1848 
1853 
1853 

1850 

1848 
1852 
185S 
1849 
1849 
1842 
1843 
I86S 
1842 
1842 
1844 
1842 
IS  42 
1842 
1850 
1842 
1844 
1850 
1850 
1850 
1 819 
1849 
1849 
1812 
1842 
1S4S 
1842 
1842 

1848 
1844 
1842 
1844 
iSH 
1842 
1844 
1848 
1844 
1844 
1844 
1842 
1812 
1825 

18.50 
1819 
1849 
1849 
1849 
1849 
1849 
1849 
1849 
1849 
1848 
1949 
1852 
1852 
1852 
1852 
1852 
1849 

1849 
1848 
1846 
1850 
1846 
1846 
1862 
1846 

1849 
1846 
1849 
1846 
1842 
1842 


1S33 
1833 


57.07 
80 
160 


160 


80 

40 
200 

80 

40 

80 

80 
IbO 
100 

40 

80 

40 

40 
160 
400 
137 

40 

69.96 

80 

40 

4 

160 

40 
120 

40 

40 

80 
40 
80 
80 
80 
80 
80 

85 
160 
80 
40 
80 
2..5.'^ 

80 
40 
40 
80 
40 
40 
40 
40 
80 
40 
40 
40 
40 
40 
40 
40 
40 
40 

80 

30.08 
89 

.35..=.7 
74.20 
160 
40 
52.08 

114.70 

80 

40 

40 
121.29 

80 

110.55 
K6.40 
W.IO 


Mail  Facilities.— Prior  to  1834,  the  settlers 
residino;in  Providence  received  their  mail  from 
Maumee  City,  by  carriers  appointed  by  the 
Postmaster  at  that  place.  For  man}-  j-oars 
John  Omen  jierforined  this  service,  going  once  a 
week  on  foot,  through  a  region  inhabited  by 
Indians,  and  before  any  improved  communica- 
tion existed.  In  1835,  a  Post  Office  was  es- 
tablished at  Providence  Village,  which  con- 
tinued to  be  the  postal  center  of  the  surround- 
ing territory  for  many  miles,  until  the  Village 
was  destroyed  by  tire.  It  was  then  removeil 
to  a  duelling  near  the  Canal  Lock,  South  of  the 
Village.  The  first  Postmaster  at  Providence 
was  James  Berlin.  The  office  at  the  Lock  was 
discontinued  about  20  years  ago,  since  which 
time  the  people  in  the  Southern  portion  of 
Providence  have  received  their  mail  at  Grand 
Rapids,  Wood  County. 

The  only  Post  Office  now  in  the  Township  is 
located  at  Neapolis,  and  was  established  in 
1872.  The  Postmasters  have  been :  T.  B. 
Meredith,  Mrs.  Jane  Kennedy.  R.  B.  Dutches; 
G.  O.  Coburn,    Jolm  Brown,    and  R.  C.  Roach. 

Until  about  1840,  no  settlement  had  ever 
been  made  in  Providence  Township  bej'ond  a 
mile  from  the  Maumee  River.  After  that  date 
settlers  began  to  locate  in  the  center  and 
Northern  portions  of  the  Township.  Among 
the  first  of  tiiese  pioneers  were  Van  Rennselaer 
Crosby  and  Amos  Perry.  Mr.  Crosby  settled 
on  Section  16  in  1840,  when  that  entire 
portion  of  the  Township  was  a  wilderne.>s 
He  died  in  1872.  He  had  five  sons-  Lewis, 
Darwin,  David,  Alonzo  and  Carlton,  all  of 
whom  still  reside  in  the  Township.  Joseph 
Ford  settled  on  Section  9,  in  1852.  His  son 
James  Ford  resides  on  his  father's  original 
purchase.  Among  the  other  early  settlers 
were  Leonard  Kiintz,  John  Place,  Levi  Roach, 
Samuel  S.  Roach  and  James  White. 

Neapolis. — The  Village  of  Neapolis,  in  the 
Northwestern  portion  of  the  Townslnp,and  on 
the  Wabash  Railroad,  was  founded  in  1872,  bj- 
J.  0.  Arnold,  William  A.  Barnettand  Jackson 
Jordan,  of  Dayton,  Ohio,  who  had  purchased 
considerable  land  in  that  section.  It  has  two 
stores,  a  Post  Office  and  a  population  of  about 
100. 

Through  the  Northerly  portion  of  the  Town- 
ship runs  the  Wabash,  St.  Louis  ami  Pacific 
Railway;  while  the  Southerly  iiortion  is 
traversed  by  the  Toledo,  St.  Louis  and  Kansas 
City  Railroad. 

Of  the  earlier  pioneers  of  the  lower  Valley 
of  the  Maumee,  the  most  prominent  in  history 
will  be  Peter  Menard,  or  as  more  generally 
known,  Peter  Minor.  The  former  seems  to 
have  been  the  original  orthgraphy  of  his 
name,  which  wos  French,  and  the  latter  the 
Anglacized  form  subsequently  given  it.  No 
other  resident  of  this  Count}-,  it  is  safe  to  say, 
jiassed  through  as  many  of  the  changing  con- 
ditions and  experiences    of  frontier  life,  as  did 


PRO  VI D  RNCE   TO  WNSHIP. 


■863 


he.  Coming  Iutg  from  ranada  in  1795 — the 
year  following  Wayne's  groat  and  final  victor^' 
over  tlic  Indians — ho  was  permitted  to  see  the 
country  opened  to  ''ivilization,  settled  by  an 
energetic  and  intelligent  population,  and  ile- 
veloped  for  the  successful  prosecution  of  all  the 
plans  and  ]irocesse8  of  modern  enterprise  and 
institutions.  If  "  lifty  years  of  Europe"  he 
"better  than  a  cj'cle  of  Catha\-,"  how  much 
grander  the  changing  .scenes  and  beneficent 
results  of  the  half-century  which  Peter  Minor 
(as  we  shall  call  him)  spent  in  the  Maumee 
Valley.  He  lived  to  see  the  plodding  Canal 
Boat,  laden  with  the  products  of  domestic 
agriculture  and  the  arts  of  peace,  following 
quietly  and  undisturbed  the  path  which  once 
could  be  jiassed  by  white  men  only  as  Wayne's 
hosts  passed  over  the  route  in  1794  ;  and  as 
Harrison  made  a  similar  trip  about  19  j"ears 
later.  The  part  he  bore  as  the  true  friend  of 
his  ado|)ted  country  throughout  the  War  of 
1812-15,  is  referred  to  elsewhere.  From  the 
time  of  his  ari'ival  here  until  1806,  Minor's  life 
was  that  of  a  trader,  which  brought  him  into 
the  Valley  from  time  to  time,  as  business  de- 
manded. At  the  latter  date  be  took  up  perma- 
nent residence  at  the  Foot  of  the  Rapids,  re- 
maining there  until  the  breaking  out  of  the 
War  in  1812.  Meantime,  (in  1808)  he  had  been 
formally  adopted  into  the  family  of  the  Indian 
Chief  Tondaganie  (or  the  Dog),  receiving  the 
name,  Sawen-de  bans,  or  Yellow  Hair.  He 
ontei'od  the  service  of  the  United  States  at  the 
outset  of  the  War,  and  acted  as  a  scout  for  Gen. 
Winchester,  being  with  that  officer  at  the  time 
of  his  great  disaster  at  the  River  Raisin.  After 
the  surrender  of  Detroit  by  Gen.  Hull,  Minor 
returned  to  the  Foot  of  the  Rapids,  where  he 
made  his  home  in  a  cabin  upon  the  low  lands 
between  the  site  of  the  present  bridge  and  the 
hill  at  South  Toledo.  Soon  after  his  arrival 
there  a  party  of  Indians  and  British  from 
Detroit  visited  the  locality  and  plundered  most 
of  the  setlers,  but  excepted  Minor,  on  the  as- 
sumption that  be  was  friendly  to  the  British. 
He  then  met  the  Delaware  Chief  Sacamanc, 
who,  evidently  upon  like  assumption  as  to  his 
feelings,  inlormeil  him  of  the  intention 
of  the  British  and  Indians  to  pass  that  localitj- 
on  their  way  to  Fort  Wayne,  Indiana, 
within  two  weeks,  when  it  was  pro])Osed  to 
murder      every      Yankee     to     be    found    by 


thom.  This  timely  information  was  at  once 
communicated  lo  the  settlers,  who  at  first 
seemed  incredulous  as  to  the  correctness  of  the 
statement.  But  the  terrible  truth  was  soon 
im])ressed  upon  them,  when,  in  great  haste 
they  fled.  Tlie  hostile  force  carao,  and  Minor 
was  pressed  into  service  as  guide.  By  feign- 
ing ignorance  of  the  country  and  lameness,  he 
Secured  release  at  the  head  of  the  Ra])id8.  At 
this  time  his  family,  consisting  of  a  wile  and 
son,  were  stop]>ingat  the  mouth  of  the  Maumee 
River,  with  the  A'avarres.  ()ii  his  way  to  meet 
them,  he  was  stopped  at  the  mouth  of  Swan 
Creek  (now  Toledo)  by  Lieutenant  Mills  of  the 
British  Navy,  the  commander  of  several  British 
Vessels  of  War  then  lying  at  that  point,  who 
made  him  a  prisoner.  After  three  days'  con- 
finement and  through  the  interposition  of  a 
friend,  named  Beaugrand,  he  was  permitted  lo 
visit  his  family  anc^l  to  take  them  to  River 
Raisin,  where  he  remained  until  after  Win- 
chester's defeat.  In  camping  with  two  of  the 
Nevarre  brothers,  he  besought  of  Gen.  Win- 
chester permission  to  go  on  a  scouting  expe- 
dition to  Brownstown,  in  search  of  the  British 
Army,  but  was  denied  such  authority.  It  was 
Minor's  subsequent  belief,  that  the  service  pro- 
posed would  have  furnished  Gen.  Winchester 
with  information  which  would  have  prevented 
the  terrible  disaster  which  followed  so 
soon  after  the  application  to  that  officer, 
since,  as  afterwards  learned,  the  British  force 
was  at  that  very  time  engaged  in  crossing  the 
ice  from  Maiden.  After  the  War,  Minor  re- 
turned to  the  Maumee  Valley,  which  continued 
to  be  his  residence  until  his  death  in  1847.  He 
had  little  of  the  advantages  arising  in  educa- 
tion ;  but  with  an  earnestness  of  purpose  and 
many  noble  traits  of  character,  he  gained  and 
held  the  respect  of  his  acquaintances,  and 
through  the  land-grant  from  the  Government, 
he  was  provided  with  means  for  a  comfortable 
living. 

Mr.  Minor  had  seven  children.  Francis,  the 
oldest,  is  the  only  one  now  residing  in  Lucas 
County.  The  remaining  chihlren  were  Peter, 
born  in  1814,  and  died  in  1878 ;  Joseph,  now 
living  in  Allen  (^"ounty,  Indiana;  Julia,  of  Do- 
fiance,  Ohio;  Lewis  and  Alexander,  residing 
in  California  ;  and  John  J.,  for  manj'  years  a 
prominent  citizen  of  Toledo,  but  lately  re- 
moved to  Kansas  City,  Missouri. 


864 


HISTOIiY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


RICHKIKLD    TOWNSHIP. 


The  Township  of  Richfield  lies  in  the  ex- 
treme Northwestern  corner  of  Lucas  County. 
Its  area  is  about  four  and  one-half  by  five 
miles,  or  some  22  sVjuaro  miles.  It  is  bounded 
on  the  East  by  .Sylvania;  on  the  South  by 
Sjiriiisrfieid ;  on  the  West  bj^  Fulton  County 
(Amboy  Township);  and  on  theNorth  by  Len- 
awee County,  Michigan.  It  is  about  16  miles 
Northwest  from  Toledo. 

Jiichficld  was  originally  ])art  of  Sylvania 
and  S]iringfield  Townships,  organized  under 
the  name  of  Sylvania,  April  2, 1838,  from  which 
it  was  set  off  April  G,  1840,  by  order  of  County 
Commissioners. 

The  Township  is  among  the  richest  farming 
sections  in  Northwestern  Ohio,  being  a  rich 
clay  loam,  and  clay  and  sand  mixed  with 
gravel.  While  most  of  the  crops  usually  grown 
are  cultivated  successfully,  the  princijml  pro- 
ducts are  wheat,  corn,  hay  and  oats. 

TheSouthern  partof  the  Township  is  watered 
by  Sugar  Creek,  and  the  Northern  by  Ottawa 
River  or  Ten -Mile  Creek. 

The  po];)ulation  is  mostly  American  born, 
except  a  German  settlement  in  the  Southern 
part  of  the  Township. 

EARLY  SETTLE.ME.\T. 

The  earliest  settlers  within  the  boundaries  of 
the  Township  were  Lucian  B.,  Araunah  and 
Plin3''  Lathroji  (the  last  named  being  one  of 
the  first  Trustees  of  Sylvania  Township),  James 
Farlej-,  W.  R.  Cole,  Isaac  Washburn;  Jacob 
Wolfinger,  David  Hendrick.son  and  Joseph 
Smith,  the}'  locating  there  between  1834 
and  1838.  Of  these,  James  Farley,  Isaac  Wash- 
burn, Joseph  Smith  and  David  Hcndrickson, 
are  now  (1888)  in  the  Township.  W.  R.  Cole 
migrated  to  Texas  in  1868,  and  Lucian  B.  La- 
throp  died  in  May, 1866;  Araunah  Lathrop  died 
in  March,  1870  ;  Pliny  Lathrop  died  in  August, 
1881,  and  Jacob  Wolfinger  died  December  13, 
1857. 

David  Hendrickson,  Jacob  Wolfinger  and 
Pliny  Lathrop  can  justly  claim  the  honor  of 
being  the  first  white  settlers,  all  coming  to  the 
Township  in  1834,  and  locating,  respectively, 
in  the  centre.  Southern  and  Northern  parts  of 
the  present  boundaries.  The  only  surviving  one, 
David  Hendrickson,  came  from  Broome  County, 
New  York,  with  horse  and  wagon  in  1834.  At 
that  time  there  were  no  roads,  and  from  thi-ce 
to  five  miles  per  day  was  considered  "  rapid 
transit,"  by  way  of  Buffalo,  Cleveland  and  Fre- 
mont, to  Perrysburg.  Fording  the  Maumee 
River  at  or  near  the  Rapids,  they  lollowed  an 
Indian  trail  through  where  now  is  Holland, 
finall}-  driving  his  stake  near  the  centre  of  the 
Township,  where  he  is  now  living  at  a  rij>e  old 


age,  the  only  survivor  <»f  llic  ihree  pioneer 
settlers. 

Jacob  Wolfinger  came  from  Bucks  ConnU-, 
Pennsylvania,  settling  in  IMchficId  in  .May, 
1834.  Of  his  family  (seven  girlsand  four  hovs) 
four  are  tiovv  living — Mrs.  .Vmamla  Ilarroun, 
Mrs.  I^ydia  Bayliss,  and  Jonas  Wolfinger,  in 
Richfield;  and  Philip  llarpel  Wolfinger,  in 
Iowa.  Mr.  Wolfinger  put  up  the  first  loi;-house, 
on  Section  26,  in  1834,  although  at  about  the 
same  time  Col.  Ijucian  B.  Lathro)»  erected  one 
on  Section  3,  which  was  occupied  bv  Pliny  Iju- 
throp  until  the  Spring  of  1835.  Hisson,  Jacol) 
M.  Wolfinger  (horn  November  6,  1834,  and  died 
Se|)tember  29,  lS5;i),  was  the  first  white  child 
born  in  the  settlement,  and  from  his  famil}- 
was  the  first  death  in  the  Township  (Rebecca 
Wolfingei'),  who  died  in  September,  1S35. 

Isa:ic  Washburn,  who  came  to  the  Townshiji 
from  Vermont  in  1834,  is  referred  to  else- 
where. 

Lucian  B.  Lathrop,  in  1837,  erected  the  first 
frame  barn,  and  was  closely  lollowed  by  Pliny 
Lathrop,  in  1838,  with  the  first  frame  houses 
in  the  Township.  Brick  did  not  seem  to  be 
used  for  building  purposes  until  1874,  when 
Joseph  Miller  put  up  the  first  brick  house. 

The  first  clearing  was  done  by  Wolfinger 
and  Lathroji  in  1834.  It  consisted  of  about  15 
acres,  which  was  then  put  into  wheat. 

Jacob  Wolfinijer  planted  the  first  orcharcl 
(of  apples  and  peaches),  in  1837. 

James  Farle\'  lirouglit  in  the  first  improved 
stock  in  1854 ;  and  Charles  Ford  the  first 
mowing  machine,  in  1860. 

The  first  store  in  the  Township  was  oj)encd 
by  Henry  King,  in  1870  ;  and  the  first  Black- 
smith Shop  by  Charles  C.  Welch,  in  1843. 

The  first  I'hj-sician  was  Dr.  M.  M.  Mason, 
who  located  himself  there  in  1840. 

The  first  religious  discourse  delivered  in  the 
Townshiji  was  by  Rev.  A.  H.  Cole,  in  1835,  he 
being  an  itinerant  Missionary  of  the  Bajitist 
Church. 

The  first  Public  Road  in  the  Township  was 
the  "Old  Territorial  Road"  from  Toledo  to 
Angola,  Indiana,  wliicli  was  opened  through 
Riclifield  in  the  Winter  of  1834-5.  The  only 
roads  besides  this,  for  manj'  years,  consisted  of 
Indian  trails  and  "  cow-paths,"  as  convenience 
required  for  intercourse  between  the  settlers. 
Two  grave  yards  were  dedicated  in  the  Town- 
ship in  1835— the  one  on  Section  9,  and  the 
other  on  Section  35. 

The  first  School-house  was  a  rough  log 
structure,  built  on  the  old  Territorial  Road,  in 
Section  9,  near  Berkey's  Corners,  during  the 
year  1837,  the  first  teacher  being  Francis 
Smith,  who,  during  the  Winter  of  1837-8.  re- 
ceived as  com])cnsation,  ''forty  dollars  for  two 


RICIIFIKI.U    TOWNsmi'. 


8(55 


inontli's  sorvicus,  lie  toliDunl  liiinsolf."  Amoiiij 
thy  early  piqiils  calleil  to  iiiind  by  one  of 
tliom,  were  J.oroiizo,  Ijutlier,  Miles,  3I:iiy 
Ami,  A/.ro,  Cliirlc  anil  Susan  Ijallirf)|i;  Daviil, 
•liinatliaii,  Douglass  and  William  Samlci'son  ; 
l",liza  Ann,  J.ouisa,  l\li/,at)etli  ami  Alvin  Wood; 
Harriet,  Eliza,  llenr\'  and  Norton  FulUr;  and 
Lyman  l?oot. 

'riicre  arc  now  in  the  Township  six  substan- 
tial School  houses,  the  J)istriets  being  occupied 
and  buildings  first  erected  on  llieni  as  follows  : 
Second — On  Section  17,  near  Ijenderson's  Cor- 
ners, 1843;  Third- On  Section  20,  in  1845; 
Fourth -On  Section  5,  in  185(1;  Fitth — On 
Section  22,  in  1851  ;  Sixth  — On  Section  14, 
in  1887. 

In  Se]iteniber,  1884,  the  Sclun)l  enumeration 
for  the  several   Districts  was  as  follows: 


District  No.  1 


Mnhs. 


•1 35 

:i A?, 

4 IS 

5 3(i 

I.V.I 


Femnlcs. 

Tulnt. 

21 

4S 

4!) 

>S4 

40 

83 

47 

83 

172 


The  Township  records  show,  that  at  a  meet- 
ing t)f  the  (jualitied  electoi-s  of  the  Township  ot 
llichtield,  in  the  County  of  Lucas,  and  State 
of  Ohio,  held  pursuant  to  the  County  Commis- 
sioners' notice,  on  the  first  Monday  in  April, 
1840,  at  the  house  of  Willard  S.  Fuller,  for  the 
purjiose  of  organizing  the  Township  of  Hich- 
field,  ]iroceeded  between  the  hours  of  8  and 
11  A.  M.  to  choose,  viva  voce,  John  All,  William 
Taylor  and  Willard  S.  Fuller,  as  Judges;  and 
Aaron  H.  Cole  and  Samuel  Coleman,  as  Clerks 
of  Election. 

The  following  named  persons  were  elected 
to  the  offices  named  : 

Township  Clerk-Willard  S.  Fuller. 

Trustees  ot"  Township — Oliver  Root,  Jacob  Wol- 
linjrer,  Benjamin  Fairchild. 

Treasurer — Aaron  H.  Cole. 

Constables — lacob  All,  Araunah  Lathrop,  David 
Hendrickson. 

Overseers  of  Poor— Eli  Munson,  Pliny  Sanderson. 

Fence  Viewers— John  All,  William  Taylor;  David 
Hendrickson. 

Supervisors  of  Highways— Arunah  Lathrop,  Wm. 
Tunison.  Charles  Courson. 

jlpn71S-tl.  Clerk,  Pliny  Lathrop  ;  Treasurer, David 
Chute;  Trustees.  Lucian  B.  Lathrop,  Williaui  Taylor, 
Isaac  Washburn. 

April,  1842.  Clerk,  Pliny  Lathrop;  Treasurer, 
David  Chute;  Trustees,  Isaac  Washburn,  Sanford 
Hannah,  William  Taylor. 

April,  1S43.  Clerk",  Willard  S.  Fuller;  Treasurer. 
James  Farley  ;  Trustees,  Lucian  B.  Lathro]!,  Solo- 
mon Collins,"  David  Chute  ;  Assessor.  Darius  Wvatt. 

April,  1844.  Clerk,  Willard  S.  Fuller;  Treasurer, 
James  Farley  ;  Trustees,  Lucian  B.  Lathrop,  Solo- 
mon Collins,  Eli  Munson. 

April,  1.S4.').  Clerk,  Pliny  Lathrop  ;  Treasurer, 
James  Wood  ;  Tru.stecs,  Isaac  Washliuru,  Pliny 
Sanderson,  James  Farley. 

April,  lS4ii.  CUrk.  Henry  IT.  Fuller  ;  Treasurer, 
Isaac  Washburn;  Trustees,  James  Farley,  Pliny 
Sanderson,  Oristen  Holloway. 


April,  1S47.  Clerk,  Henry  II.  Fuller;  'freasurer, 
Lucian  B.  l,athroi>;  Tru.st4'es,  Juna  Hinnislon, 
Oliver  Root.  Truman  (iordon. 

A/iril,  1.S48.  Clerk,  William  W.  Wilson  ;  'freas- 
urer, James  Wood;  Trustees,  Oliver  Root,  Wdliam 
McMillen,  Jonas  Wollintjer. 

April,  184".).  Clerk,  Solomon  Collins;  Treasurer, 
Isaac  Washburn  ;  Trustees,  Marcus  Bennett,  James 
Farley,  .lonas  WoHin^er. 

April.  l.s.")().  Clerk,  John  (i.  Klinck  ;  Treasurer, 
Lsaac  Washburn  ;  Trustees,  Charles  C.  Welch,  Mar- 
cus liennett,  Juna  Humistnn. 

April,  \s')].  C'lerk,  John  (i.  Klinck;  Treastn-er, 
Isaac  Washburn  ;  Trustees,  David  llendrick.«on, 
(Iharles  C.  Welch,  Marcus  Bennett;  Justice  of  the 
Peace,  John  O.  Klinck. 

yl7)n7,  18.")2.  Clerk,  Henry  M.  Fuller;  Treasurer, 
Solomon  Collins;  Trustees,  William  Patten,  Araunah 
Lathrop,  David  Hendrickson. 

vl/inV,  l.s,>!.  Clerk,  H.  II.  Fuller;  Treasurer, 
Solomon  Collins;  Trusti'cs.  .laiiu's  Farley,  Lsaac 
Washburn,  William  Patton. 

.'I;;r(7.  l,S.'i4.  Clerk.  Henry  <i.  Kemp;  Treasurer, 
Solomon  C^ollins;  Trustees,  James  Farley,  William 
R.  Fa.xon,  David  Sanderson  ;  Justice  of  the  Peace, 
Pliny  Lathrop. 

April,  [Soo—CW'rk,  Henry  O.  Kemp;  Treasurer, 
James  P.  Smith ;  Trustees,  James  Wood,  William 
McMillen,  Charles  Sprague. 

April,  isrtti— Clerk,  Levi  Harroun  ;  Treasurer,  Jas. 
P.  Smith  ;  Trustees,  James  Farley,  Charles  Ford,  U. 
II.  Dilgart. 

April,  18.57— Clerk,  Levi  Harroun  ;  Treasurer,  (hi- 
leb  11.  Crosby  ;  Trustees.  James  Leonardson,  Isaac 
Washburn.  Alonson  Hinds. 

.'lpr(7,  1858— Clerk,  James  P.  Suutli  ;  Treasurer, 
Isaac  Washburn  ;  Trustees,  James  Farley,  Solomon 
Collins,  Alonson  Hinds. 

April,  lS5!t -Clerk,  Levi  Harroun;  Treasurer, 
Isaac  Washburn  ;  Tru.stees,  Pliny  Lathrop,  C.  C. 
Welch,  S(j!omon  Collins. 

April,  18liO— Clerk,  Levi  Harroun  ;  Treasurer,  J. 
R.  McBride;  Trustees,  H.  C.  Ely,  W.  L.  Bennett, 
Solomon  Collins. 

April,  1801— Clerk,  Levi  Harroun;  Treasurer,  J. 
R.  McBride;  Trustees,  H.  C.  Ely,  C.  Ford,  J.  Leon- 
ardson. 

April,  1862— Clerk,  G.  P.  Reynolds;  Treasurxr,  J. 
R.  McBride  ;  Trustees,  H.  C.  Ely,  C.  C.  Welch,  Wm. 
Patten. 

April,  1863- Clerk,  G.  P.  Reynolds;  Treasurer,  J. 
R.  McBride;  Trustees,  H.  C.  Ely,  Wm.  Patten,  Jas. 
Farley  ;  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Pliny  Lathrop. 

April,  1864— Clerk,  G.  R.  Reynolds;  Treasurer,  J. 
R.  McBride;  Trustees,  H.  C.  Ely,  J.  Farley,  M.  Ben- 
nett; Justice  of  the  Peace,  William  H.  Williams. 

April,  18(35- Clerk,  Martin  H.  Collins  ;  Treasurer, 
James  R.  McBride  ;  Trustees,  M.  Bennett,  John  Bus- 
kirk,  W.  H.  Williams. 

April.  1866— Clerk,  W.  R.  Cole  ;  Treasurer,  J.  R. 
McBride;  Trustees,  W.  H.  Williams,  James  Lenard- 
son,  Otis  Ford  ;  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Elias  Welch. 

April,  1867— Clerk,  Myron  P.  Sanderson  ;  Trcas- 
uriT,  James  R.  McBriile;  Trustees,  H.  C.  Ely,  C.  C. 
Welch,  Isaac  Washburn. 

April,  1868— Clerk,  W.  R.  Cole;  Treasurer,  J.  R. 
R.  McBride;  Trustees,  Horace  Treadway,  C.C. Welch, 
James  Lenard.son.  At  this  election  a  vote  was  taken 
on  the  (piestion  of  allowing  Hogs  as  "  free  common- 
ers," which  was  decided  in  the  negative. 

April,  186!)- Clerk,  W.  R.  Cole  ;  Treasurer,  J.  K. 
McBride  ;  Trustees,  Horace  Treadway,  J.  J.  Howard, 
Ira  Beverly. 

April,  r870— Clerk,  Robert  Hudson  ;  Trea.surer,  R. 
K.  Berkeybile  ;  Trustees,  Horace  Treadway,  L.  W. 
ILndrickson,  John  Raab. 

April,  1880— Ulerk,  Myron  P.   Sanderson  ;    Treas- 


see 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


urcr,  Oliver  r.  Clark  ;  Trustees,  AVilliam  Peter,  Elias 
Welch,  I..  W.  Hendriukson. 

April,  1881 — Clerk,  George  W.  Farley,  Treasurer, 
Oliver  P.  Clark  ;  Trustees,  John  Leonarilson,  Lyman 
W.  Hendrickson,  Matliew  M.  Dennis;  Justice  of  the 
Peace,  Mj-ron  P.  Samlerson. 

April,  1882— Clerk,  George  W.  Farley;  Treasurer, 
Oliver  P.  Clark  ;  Trustees,  Lyman  W.  ilendrickson, 
John  Lcnardson.  Mathew  M.  Dennis ;  Justice  of  the 
Peace,  John  E.  Bolinger. 

Ajiril,  ISSo— Clerk,' Edgar  E.  Lathrop  ;  Treasurer, 
John  Leonardson;  Trustees,  Joseph  Lockbihller,Win. 
Patten,  Wm.  Drennan. 

Apiil,  1884— Clerk,  Ed.  L.  Griffin;  Treasurer, 
John  Leonardson  ;  Trustees,  Elias  Welch,  Elias  Pat- 
ten, Jacob  Bick. 

April,  1885— Clerk,  E.  L.  Griffin  ;  Treasurer,  John 
Leonardson ;  Trustees.  C.  F.  Bates,  L.  W.  Hendrick- 
son, David  Smith  ;  Justice  of  the  Peace,  A.  J.  But- 
terfleld. 

April,  188G— Clerk,  E.  L.  Griffin;  Treasurer,  John 
Leonardson  ;  Trustees,  for  one  year,  D.  H.  Farley  ; 
for  two  years,  L.  W.  Hendrickson  ;  for  three  years, 

C.  F.  Bates. 

.4pr(7,  1887- Clerk,  A.  W.  Bick  (resigned  Aj)ril 
11th),  and  E.  L.  Gritfin  apjiointed  to  fill  vacancy; 
Treasurer,  John  Leonardson;  Trustee  for  three  years, 

D.  H.  Farley. 

Kiehfield  is  so  strictly  an  agi'icultural  region, 
that  little  demand  exists  for  mercantile  or 
other  business  operations,  or  mechanical  pur- 
suits. For  many  years  the  limited  demands 
of  the  scattered  settlers  were  sup])lied  mainlj* 
at  Maumee;  and  subsequently-  to  great  extent, 
at  Toledo,  at  which  places  were  found  market 
for  such  surplus  as  their  productions  would 
allow.  As  in  like  cases,  so  common  with  rural 
sections,  the  practice  was,  for  the  farmer  to 
take  his  grain,  dairy  products,  meats  or  what 
not  to  the  nearest  market,  and  with  proceeds 
of  sales,  make  purchase  of  the  few  simple 
articles  indispensable  in  the  most  prudent  style 
of  living.  What  of  economy  and  self-denial 
was  .involved  in  all  this,  can  be  understood 
only  from  experience;  and  no  one  can  know 
how  few  arc  the  real  necessities  of  life,  who 
has  never  been  forced  to    dependence  on  such. 

In  the  course  of  time,  stores  and  shops  be- 
gan to  appear.  At  the  center  of  the  Township, 
Wm.  H.  Williams  now  has  a  general  store, 
supplying  most  of  the  articles  in  demand 
there.  At  the  .same  place,  are  the  Wagon  and 
Blacksmith  Shops  of  George  Darton  and  A. 
Hoover,  and  the  Boot  and  Shoe  and  Harness 
Shop  of  John  Haas.  A.  Hoover  has  there  a 
Grocery  Store. 

At  Berkey's,  in  the  North  part  of  Richfield, 

A.  D.  Sanderson,  about  1876,  opened  a  General 
Store,  which  passing  through  the  hands  of 
Daniel  Kahle  and  E.  E.  Lathrop,  is  now 
owned  by  W.  H.  Ostrander.     In    1877,   Jacob 

B.  Gillan  started  and  yet  conducts  a  Black- 
smith Shoj)  at  that  point. 

Richfield  is  able  to  make  claim  to  a  distinc- 
tion enjoj-ed  bj'  very  few  Townships  of  its  age 
in  this  country,  and  especially  in  the  West, 
to  wit:  That  in  it  was  never  an  establishment 
open  for  the  sale  of  intoxicating  liquors.     To 


what  extent  its  people  have  suffered  from  this 
state  of  things,  communities  differently  situated 
are  best  qualified  to  judge. 

The  first  and  only  Physician  resident  rn 
Richfield  is  Dr.  E.  Tompkins,  who  came  there 
in  1877. 

Politically,  Richfield  has  been  what  was 
known  as  a  Republican  Township,  since  the 
the  organization  of  that  party.  The  votes  of 
the  three  existing  political  organizations, 
bear  about  the  following  proportions:  Repub- 
lican, 58  per  cent.;  Domoci'atic,  HC  per  cent.; 
and  Prohibition  (Temperance),  tJ  per  cent. 

CHURCHES. 

Three  religious  denominations  are  repre- 
sented in  Richfield  Township — the  Baptist,  the 
Methodist  Ejjiscopal  and  the  Christian  Chur- 
ches. 

Records  are  so  largely  lo.st,  and  other  data 
so  imperfect,  as  to  make  an  attemj)t  at  satis- 
factory history  of  these  enterprises  impi-ac- 
ticable.  Many  of  the  early  settlers  had  their 
Church  connections  in  Sylvania  and  Spencer, 
as  nearest  accessible  points,  while  most  of  the 
earlier  religious  work  in  the  Township  was 
done  through  Union  Sunday  Schools. 

Elder  A.  H.  Cole  having  been  the  first 
ordained  Minister  to  preach  in  the  Township, 
it  appears  as  proper  to  give  his  (the  Baptist) 
denomination  precedence  in  mention.  The 
Richfield  Church  was  organized  in  1861,  with 
16  members,  of  whom  we  find  the  names  of 
Mrs.  David  Hendrickson,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Henry 
Dilgart,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  Tunison,  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Isaac  Washburn,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dr. 
Titus,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Jonas  Wolfinger,  Air.  and 
Mrs.  Thomas  Wilson.  All  of  these  came  from 
the  Spencer  Church.  The  new  Church  was 
attached  to  the  Maumee  (now  Toledo)  Baptist 
Association.  Deacon  Isaac  Washburn  was  the 
first  delegate,  and  although  they  have  never 
been  able  to  report  manj-  ba]itisins,  they  have 
held  their  way  and  been  blessed  in  the  doing, 
having  now  thirty-seven  members.  The 
corner-stone  of  theii-  edifice  was  laid  in 
1868  by  Elder  J.  K.  Porter,  and  the  building 
consecrated  in  1871, by  Elders  Porter  and  Mor- 
ris. The  pastorate  has  been  filled  as  follows: 
1862-64,  by  Elder  Nell;  1864-68,  Elder  A. 
Brown;  1868-71,  Elder  J.  K.Porter;  1871-75, 
Elder  H.  Hall ;  1875-79,  Elder  A.  J.  Buell ; 
1879-82,  Ehler   J.    P.  W^right;  1882-85,   Elder 

Poole;  1885-86,    Elder    W.    L.    Barnum; 

1888,  Elder  R.  Fountaine  became  the  Pastor. 
The  Sunday  School  was  orgauize<l  in  1870, 
Wm.  H.  Williams  having  been  the  first  Super- 
intendent. The  size  of  the  Church  is  about 
28x40;  and  in  connection  with  the  parsonage 
and  stables  attached.    It  cost  about  $3,000. 

The  first  religious  organization  in  Richfield 
Township  was  under  the  ausjiices  of  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  in  1843.  At  first 
it  was  known  as  "  Farlej''s  Class,"  with  David 


I 


RTCFTFTELf)  TOWNS f fir. 


S67 


Johnson  as  Class  Leader.  Rov.  James  Evans 
was  then  tlie  Circuit  Preaeher.  The  following 
named  persons  were  members  of  the  Class: 
David  Jcdinson  and  wife,  James  i<\irley  and 
wife,  Mv.  Bowman  and  wife,  Mr.  Freneli  and 
wife,  Mr.  Bennett  and  wife.  This  (Muireh  met 
with  the  striiiji;les  common  to  ])ioneer  enter- 
prises of  that  sort,  having  its  "  U])sand  liowns," 
—  its  encouragements  and  its  disconi-agements 
— throughout  which  a  few  loyal  and  devoted 
menihers  never  lost  faith  nor  rela.xed  efforts 
for  the  success  which  they  believed  would,  in 
due  time,  come  to  them.  In  1869  they  found 
themselves  strong  enough  to  undei'take  the 
erection  of  a  permanent  house  of  worship. 
The  building  is  28x50  feet  in  size,  and  was 
completed  at  a  cost  of  about  $2,51)0.  It  was 
dedicated  during  the  pastorate  of  Kev.  Charles 
Ferris. 

Other  Churches  (all  of  wood)  have  been 
erected  in  Richfield,  as  follows:  For  the 
Christian  Church,  on  East  half  of  Southwest 
quarter  of  Section  4,  and  on  the  old  Indiana 
Indiana  Koad.     Cost,  $2,500. 

Baptist  Church,  on  NorthAvest  corner  of 
Section  22  (Kichtield  Center"),  cost,  13,000. 

The  Richfield  Christian  Church  was  organ- 
ized in  April,  1855.  The  building  was  a 
School-house  near  Mr.  Charles  Ford's  residence. 
Rev.  Stillman  Post  was  the  officiating  Clerg}'- 
man.  He  is  still  living.  Thirty  persons  were 
original  members  of  the  organization.  Their 
names  are:  Zebina  Smith,  Pliny  Sanders, 
Araunah  Lathrop,  Matthew  Scott,  Eli  Bunting, 
Plinv  Lathrop,  Maria  Lathrop,  Joseph  Scott, 
Harriet  Scott,  Charles  O.  Sprague,  Maria 
Sprague,  Amos  Ford,  Electa  Ford,  Levi  Har- 
roun,  Salome  Smith,  Leonai-d  Grover,  Abigail 
Grover,  Delia  Ely,  Esther  Kiff,  John  Latchi, 
Ann  Waterbury,  Elizabeth  Munson,  William 
Patten,  Louis  Patten,  Augusta  Crittenden, 
Elizabeth  Kent,  Josiah  Plummer,  Charles  Ford, 
Fidelia  Ford,  Lucy  Lathrop.  Rev.  Stillman 
Post  joined  by  letter  the  same  day.  The 
Church  has  had,  as  Pastors,  Rev.  Stillman  Post, 
three  years  ;  Rev.  Caleb  Mosher,  three  years ; 
Rev.  F.  M.  Adams,  eight  years.  Rev.  J.  N. 
Hicks,  two  years  ;  Rev.  J.  R.  Hoag,  two  years; 
Rev.  W.  K.  Stamp,  three  years;  Rev.  E.  G. 
Ziegler,  three  years  ;  Rev.  Thomas  Heston,  two 
years;  Rev.  S.  M.  Fowler,  two  months;  Rev. 
F.  J.  Roberts,  one  month.  Rev.  B.  F.  Rapp  is 
the  present  Pastor,  who  has  served  almost  four 
years.  The  Church  has  a  good  house  of 
worshi}),  built  during  the  years  1869  and  1870. 
Since  about  1860, there  has  been  a  Sunday- 
school  in  connection  with  the  Church.  Pliny 
Lathrop  was  electetl  its  first  Superintendent 
J.  R.  Smith  is  its  pre.sent  Superintendent. 

POSTAL     AFFAIRS. 

The  first  PostofiSco  in  Richfield  Townshi]) 
was  established  in  1835,  and  located  on  the  old 
Indiana  Road,  near  what  is  known  as  Berkey's 


Corners,  with  a  weekly  mivil.  The  office  was 
named  Riga,  and  the  first  I'ostmaster  Colonel 
Luciau  B.  Lathrop,  who  held  the  ])osition  for 
15  years.  His  successor  was  his  bi'other,  Pliny 
Lathrop,  who  served  for  eight  years,  and  was 
succeeded  by  a  nephew,  Clark  C.  Lathroji,  in 
1858.  Three  years  thereafter  the  olfice  passed 
to  Leoiuird  Grover,  who  soon  died,  and  was 
succeeded  by  Charles  For<l,  who  served  for 
about  11  years.  His  successor  was  R.  K. 
Berkeyhile.  In  18()5  the  name  of  the  office 
was  changed  to  Berkey.  In  1876  Ilenrj'  San- 
derson was  a])pointed  Postmaster,  and  gave 
waj'  to  A.  D.  Sandei'Kon  in  1878,  who  was  suc- 
ceeded in  1881  by  D.  A.  Kahle.  In  1887,  the 
position  returned  to  the  Lathrop  family,  by 
the  appointment  of  B.  E.  Lathro]>,  a  lineal 
descendant  of  the  first  three  oflicers.  He  re- 
signed in  1888,  when  W.  H.  Ostrandcr  was  ap- 
pointed. ■ 

The  Postoffice  at  Ricbfiold  Center  was  estab- 
lished in  July,  1873,  with  Wm.  II.  Williams  as 
Postmaster,  who  yet  holds  the  office.  Both 
Richfield  Center  and  Bei'kej'  receive  the  most  of 
their  mail  matter  from  Sylvania,  that  being  the 
nearest  Railroad  Station.  The  Mail  Contractor  is 
N.  A.  Richardson,  who  now  makes  the  round 
trip  of  28  miles  every  day  in  the  year,  except 
Sundays.  At  first  the  transmission  of  mail 
was  irregular,  and  only  once  a  week.  Upon 
the  opening  of  the  of  the  Richfield  Center 
office,  in  1873,  the  service  was  increased  to  tri- 
weekly, continuing  such  until  the  s])ring  of 
1888,  when  it  became  six  times  a  week. 

SCHOOLS. 

The  first  School-house  erected  in  Richfield 
Township,  was  on  the  Southeast  corner  of 
Section  10.  It  was  built  in  1837,  and  was  of 
logs. 

The  second  like  building  in  that  Township, 
was  put  up  in  1843.  It  was  of  logs,  and  loca- 
ted on  the  East  half  of  Southwest  quarter  of 
Section  4 

The  third  School-house  there,  was  built  of 
logs  in  1850,  on  the  Southwest  corner  of  the 
Southwest  quarter  of  Section  20. 

The  several  Districts  are  now  (1888)  supplied 
with  School-houses  as  follows  :_ 

District  No.  1.  At  Southeast  corner  of 
Southeast  quarter  of  Section  3.  It  is  of  brick, 
and  cost  $2,000. 

District  No.  2.  Northeast  corner  of  Section 
18;  of  wood;  cost,  $1,200. 

District  No.  3.  Northeast  corner  of  Section 
29  ;  of  brick  ;  cost,  $2,200. 

District  No.  4.  West  half  of  East  half  of 
Southwest  quarter  of  Section  23;  of  wood; 
co.st,  $1,100. 

District  No.  5.  South  half  of  Southwest 
quarter  of  Section  15;  of  brick;  cost,  $2,000. 

District  No.  6.  West  quarter  Northwest 
quarter  Section  14;  of  wood;  cost,  $1,200. 


868 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


ISAAC    WASHBURN  was  among  the  very 
earliest  oil  lie  settlers  of  IJichfield  Townsliip  who 
is  tiow  there  closing  a  long,  active  and  useful 
life.     He  was  a    son    of  Phineas   and    Sylvia 
(Wright)  Washburn,  and  was  born  in  Georgia, 
Franklin   County,  Vermont,  August  10,  1811. 
His  lather  was  eminently  u  laboring  man,  who 
sup])orted  himself  anil  family  by  such  cmplo}- 
m.ent  as  might    be   found    in    an    agricultural 
region.     The   son's    iSchool    advantages    were 
meagre,  l)cing  limited  to  such  as  the  imperfect 
facilities  of    that    locality    then    furnished,  for 
which  the  father  ])aid  in  tuition  the  full  cost. 
From  his  14th  year,  Isaac  was  self-sn])porting 
— working  about  the  ncighboidiood,  his  wages, 
beyond  the   small    demands  for   his    clothing, 
being  ))aid  over  as  the  just  claim  of  his  father. 
When  28  years  of  age,  with  the  small  accumu- 
lations of  the  two  j-ears  of  his  majority,  he  de- 
cided   to   make   his   way  to   the  "  Far  VVe.st." 
Fortunate  enough  to  get  a  team  to  drive  as  far 
as  Western  Now  York,  he  thus  made  his  wa}^, 
and  thence  by  Canal  passed  on  to  Buffalo,  where 
he  took    Steamer    for    Fairport,    Ohio.      From 
that  place    he  proceeded  to    Madison,  now-   in 
Lake  County.     In  September  he  resumed  his 
Westward  ji)urne3",  in  search  of  "cheap  land." 
Taking  Steamer  at  Cleveland,  he  passetl  to  San- 
dusky, wlience,  b\-  foot,  he  made  the  trip,  via 
the  Black    Suani])  forests,  to  Perrysburg  and 
Maumee.     Here  his  attention  was  called  to  the 
lands  in  what  is  now  IJiclificld  Township,  Lucas 
Count}-,  but  was  then  part  of  the  disputed  ter- 
ritory   of    Ohio    and    Michigan.     Proceeding 
thence,  he  soon  engaged  to  assist  D.  F.  Stowe 
(subsequently  a  Jeweler  at  Toledo)  in  complet- 
ing his  log-liousc.     In  October  (1834)  in  con- 
nection with  Lewis  Roberts,  he  entered  80  acres 
of  land  in  Section  15,  Town  9,  South  of  Range 
5  East,  for  which  they  jointly  paid  the  Govern- 
ment $10(1,  which,  after  the'  lapse  of  54  years, 
3'et  constitutes  his  home  at  Richfield  Center. 
lie  was  in  Mr.  Stowe's  employ  until  Jul}',  1835, 
when  he  was  jirostrated  with  fever  and  ague, 
which  continued  to  unfit  him  for  regular  labor, 
until  the  disease  was  •'  broken  uj)"  with  quinine 
in  the  fall  of  1837.     What  he  passed  through 
during  these  two  years,  none  but  those  learning 
hy    e.Kperience   can   ever    know.     Among  the 
little   labor   performed  in   ISoti,  was    that  be- 
stowed in  getting  out  timber  for  the  track  of 
the  Erie  and  Kalamazoo  (now  part  of  the  Ijake 
Shore)  Raili-oad,  near  what  is  Richards  Station. 
During  the  fall  of  1838,  he  was  enableil  to  get 
in  a  "patch  "  of  Winter  wheat  on   his  place; 
in  the  Spring  of  1830,    he  commenced  house- 
keeping in  a  log-cabin  built  by  him  and  loc.ited 
a  short  distance  South  of  his  present  dwelling. 
The    heavy  work    of    clearing  was   continued 
until  a  good  farm  was  under  siiecessfal  cultiva 
tion.     He  earlj^  bought  out  his  partner  in  the 
first   purclia.se,  and    continued    to   add    to  the 
.same  until  ho  had   500  acres  of  excellent  land. 
Of  this,  300  acres  have  been  divided  among  his 


children.  He  has  always  stooil  abreast  the  best 
and  most  successful  farmers  of  that  region  ;  but 
with  the  conditions  of  advancing  age  he  has 
])laced  the  home  farm  in  the  bauds  of  a  son, 
though  b}^  no  means  withdrawing  from  the 
farm  labor  which  for  GO  years  has  been  his  life- 
work.  Some  40  j-ears  since,  Mr.  Washburn 
united  with  the  Baptist  Church,  and  has  been 
actively  identified  with  the  Richfield  Center 
Church  since  its  institution  in  1862,  having 
been  for  several  years  pa.st  a  Deacon  in  the 
same.  He  has  served  several  terms  both  as 
Trustee  and  Treasurer  of  Richfield  Township, 
and  otherwise  been  active  in  the  ]iublic  interests. 
Originally  a  "Henry  Clay  Whig"  in  politics, 
he  acted  with  the  Wliigs  until  the  Republican 
party  was  organized,  with  which  he  has  since 
co-opei'atcd.  While  earnest  and  read}^  in  po- 
litical affairs,  he  has  never  sought  personal 
advancement  or  gain  through  his  action.  Mr. 
Washburn  was  married  in  May,  1838,  with 
Miss  Mary  Wolfinger,  daughter  of  Jacob  Wol- 
finger,  whose  was  the  first  white  family  in 
Richfiehl  Township.  They  had  five  children  : 
Jannette,  wife  of  John  Shull,  of  Sylvania; 
Will  am,  who  died  in  Government  .service  dur- 
ing the  Rebellion;  Aaron,  now  of  Richfield; 
Kaziah,  wile  of  Charles  B.  Howard,  of  Richfield, 
and  Dwight  0.,  now  on  the  homestead  farm. 
The  mother  died  in  January,  1869.  In  Se])- 
teinber,  1870,  Mr.  Washburn  was  married  with 
Mrs.  Miranda,  widow  of  Henry  Fuller,  and 
daughter  ot  Mowry  Potter  of  Fulton  County, 
a  brother  of  Judge  E.  D.  Potter  of  Toledo. 

JAMES  FARLEY  was  born  in  County 
Tyrone,  Ireland,  in  the  year  1806.  He  is  a  son 
ot  George  and  Jane  (Wallace)  Farley.  His 
father  was  born  in  County  Monaghan,  and  died 
in  Tyrone  uhile  James  was  very  j-oung.  In 
1816,  with  his  mother,  ho  came  to  the  United 
States,  stopping  first  in  Lancaster  Count}', 
Pennsylvania.  She  died  in  Miffiin  County,  that 
State.  In  1837,  when  21  years  of  age,  James 
came  to  Lucas  County,  and  purchased  160 
acres  of  land  in  Richfield  Township.  He  at 
once  began  the  active  life  of  the  pioneer,  meet- 
ing the  experiences  common  to  such.  From 
the  first,  he  commanded  the  respect  and  con- 
fidence of  his  fellow-settlers,  as  he  did  of  all 
whose  acquaintance  he  made,  whether  in  busi- 
ness or  otherwise.  In  connection  with  relig- 
ious and  moral  intei-ests  of  the  community,  his 
name  has  been  specially  prominent;  and  it  is 
safe  to  say,  that  no  resident  of  Richfield  has 
done  more,  by  labors  and  infiuence,  for  the 
promotion  of  .sound  public  sentiment  and 
religious  instruction,  than  has  he.  The  fact 
that  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  in  his 
neighborhood,  has  been  almost  from  its  start, 
known  as  the  "Farley  Church,"  is  quite  sig- 
nificant in  this  connection.  His  farm  (now 
embracing  200  acres)  has  long  been  among  the 
best  in  the  Township,  while  he  has  been  sue- 


im  «^ 


^a^    ^£.^m^ 


SPENCER   TOWNSHIP.  mo 


ccssful  as  stock  raiser.     Before  com inc; to  Ohio,  Township,  has  been  tlio  lioiiio  of  Mr.  J^athrop. 

Mr.  Farley  vva.s  married  with  Kliza,  (huightcr  of  Jir.  Tjathrop  was  married   with  Louisa  Tiittle, 

Daniel  and   Susan   McMillen,    who    was    born  in    Fairtiidd,    Micliigan,     February     Id,    IS.")!'.. 

April  2,  1814,  ill    Franklin,   Lancaster  County.  They    liave    three  children  — Arlhur    15,   Ix.rn 

I'ennsylvania.     She  u  as  of  Scotch  descent,  and  Se|)temher  27,  IS.")!. ;  Kd-jar  B.,  lioi-n  .Mairh  IH. 

of  Itevolutionary  stock,  her  grandfathi'r,  Wni.  18")!)  ;  and  Alba  A.,  boi-n  A])rii  25,  I8(il. 

McMillen,    havinii;    served     with     \Vashini,'ton  AVil[,i.\.m  11.  VV^ii.i.iams  wa.s  horn  in  'J'ollaiid, 

tiinuij^hout  the  Revolution.    Mr.  Farley  lias  five  Connecticut,     October    8,     1817.      His    parents 

children -lour  sons  and   one  dauijhter.     John,  dyiiii;  while   lie  was  verj- young,   he  made  liis 

bdi-ii  July  25,  181)8,  in  Richtield,  and  is  now  in  home  with    his  grandparents,   with    wlioni    he 

Toledo  ;  William,  born  Auu'ust  7,  18-10,  is  living  came  to  Ohio  in  18:5:!,  and  to  .^laumee  in  Mai-cii, 

in    liichfield;    Daniel  H.,    born   December    i:i  18:>4.      With  the  exception  of  two  \  ears  ( 1849 

1841,    resides    in    Kiclifield  ;  Jane    Ann,    born  to  1851)  .spent  in  Georyia,  Jjucas  County  has 

October  4,  1844.  the  wife  of  Thomas  Taylor,  of  been  his  homo  since  his  arrival  54  years  ago. 

Itichfield  ;    George    "W.,    boi-n    December    IG,  Until  the  year  1874  hi.s  business  was  farming. 

|85f,  now  the  Pastor  of  the  Methodist  Fj|iisco-  At  that  date  he  o]iened  agcneral  store  at  FiicJi- 

])al    C'hurch    in    Fowler.    Wyandotte    County,  field  Center,  wlu'i'o  a  rostollice  was  establislu'd 

Ohio.      During  the   War  of  the  Rebellion,  Mr.  and  he  was  appointed  Fostmaster,  which  otlice 

Farley's  family  gave  its  share  to  the  siip])ort  of  he  yet  holds.     The  mail  service  lias  been   in- 

tlie    llnion    cause.       Daniel    H.    and    William  creased  fVoin  tri-weekly  to  six  times  per  week, 

were  members  of  Coiii]iany  F,  Fourteenth  Ohio  His    ])ay  the   first   year  was  §15.00.     He    ha.s 

Infantry.     The  former  enlisting  in   18(54,  was  acted   as  Justice    of  the  I'eace    for  six    years, 

honoralil}-  discharged  in  July,  18(55;  while  the  A])ril  2:^,  185(i,he  was  mai-ried  with  MissSu.san 

latter,  being  wouiuletl  at  Mission  Ridge  and  at  S.  Tuni.son,  who  was  born  in  Seneca  County 

(Uiickamauga,  was  honorabl3-  discharged  Jul}-  IS^ew    York,    and    with     lier    parents  eamo   "to 

11,  18ti5.     John,  also,  was  in   the  service,  and  Spencer  Township  in  1849.     Her  parents  cele- 

was  discharged  on  account  of  sickness.  brated  both  their  golden  and  their  pearl  wed- 
ding,   and    lived    some  years   thereafter,  both 

Clariv  C.  Lathrop    was     born     in     Clia'i-  dying  in  188(5.     Mr.  Williamshas  hatl  four  chil- 

tauqua  County,  New  York,  August   20,  182;^.  dron — three  sons  and  one  daiiglitc]-.     William 

lie  was  the  second  of  five  childi-en — four  sons  N.  was  graduated  at  Northern  Indiana  Xorniai 

and  one  daughter.     His  father  was    Ai-aiinali  Schnol,  and    at   the    National  Law    School  at 

Lalhro]).     The  family    came    to    Bichfield    in  Washington,  D.  C,  and  is  now  practicini,'-  the 

18:55,  and  thus  were  among  the  earliest  of  the  law  at  Omaha,  Nebraska.     John  T.  entered  the 

tide  of  jiioneers  which  settled  in  that  Township.  (Jhio   Wesleyan    LIniversity  at  Delaware,    but 

(Jlai'k  (j.  has  filled  an   exce|itionally  prominent  was  compelled    by  ill    health    to    suspend    his 

]ilace  in  public  affairs,  as  well  as  in  social  and  studies,  and  is  now  teaching  in  Fmer.son  Insti- 

otlier      relations.      Politicall}-,      the     Ijathrop  tute  at  Washington,  D.  C.      Frank  T.  died   in 

family    have   always    been    Democrats.     The  inl'ancy.     Anna  B     is   at    the  Oiiio    Wesleyan 

nearest  approach  to  a  tavern  of  any  .sort  in  the  University,  Delaware. 

SPENCER    TOWNSHIP. 

The  Townshi])  of  Sjiencer  lies  ill  the  Central-  known  as  thi>   "  l>arrens,"  and  a  small  area  of 

Western  ]iart  of   Lucas  County, and  is  bounded  marshy    prairie.     J3oth     of  those     exceptions, 

on  the  North    by   Bidifield  To\vnshi|i,  and   on  however,    are  raidly   disa])]icariiig    under    tin' 

tlie  East  by   Springfield;  on  the  South  by  Afon-  improved  methods  of  drainage  ami  cultivation 

clova,  and  on  the  West  b}-  Swanton.    It  is  com-  which    have   made   the    lands    of    this    section 

|iosed  of  Sections  one  to  twelve    inclusive    of  generally  among  the   most  fertile  in  the  State. 
Town     Ten  South,  of  liaiige  Five  F5ast,    and 

Sections  :^1   to  3G  inclusive  of  Township  Nine  kaiii.v  setti,kmi;.\t. 
South,  of  llange   Five   East,   of  the  Michigan 

Survt^y,  togethei-  with  Sections  31  to  'M  inclii-  Haifa  century  ago  Spencer  Township  was  a 

sive,    of  Town  Eight    North,  of  i>ango    Nino  wilderness.     Tlie    first  .settlers    came  in    from 

Fast,  of  the  Ohio  survey ;  all  except  the  latter,  18152    to    18:55,  when    the  tide  of  immigration 

being  in  territory  foi'inorly  claimed  by  Mielii-  was  .setting   towani    Michigan.     Most  of    the 

gan.  lands  in  the    Township     were    entered    at   the 

The  Tfiwnshi]!  was  s(^t  fiff  from  liichfield  and  Monroe    Land    (Jffiee.      The    tract  of    conntry 

Svvanton  by   act  of  the  t'ounty    t'ommissioners  between  the  River  Jlaisin  and  the  Mauniee  wa.s 

in  1845.  inviting,  and    many   entered   lands   within  the 

Tlie  .soil  of  the  Townsliip  is  arable  and  pro-  boundaries  of  this  T()wn.shi|(  who  never  became 

ductive,    with     the    exception    ol   the    portion  actual  residents.     Such  was  the  case  with  E.  S. 


870 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


and  "William  Frost,  Thomas  Clark,  Samuel  A. 
Sar^ont,  Joiiatlian  H.  Jerome,  Israel  Kock- 
wood,  R.  A.  Forsvth  and  others  ehietiy  of 
Maumec.  Before  "the  "  Toldo  War"  (1S:{5) 
there  were  perhaps  a  dozen  faniiles  in  the 
Township.  The  first  actual  settlers  were 
Abraham  Johnson,  Bennett  Warren,  BeujaTnin 
Fairehild,  John  All,  Aaron  H.  Cole,  Samuel 
Coleman,  Gideon  Eice,  William  Taylor  and 
Charles  Coarson— all  now  deceased,  except,  it 
may  be,  the  last  named,  who  removed  to  Iowa. 
William  Brown,  in  1834,  was  the  first  settler 
on  the  quarter  Section  South  of  the  present 
Catholic  (Uuirch.  Samuel  Coleman  settled  on 
the  Northwest  quarter  ot  Section  eight,  Town 
Five,  East  of  Kange  Five  East,  in  1835.  Eli 
Munsou  settled  on  the  JSTorthwest  quarter  of 
Section  Six,  Town  Five  East,  of  Eange  Five  East, 
in  1835.  Levi  Munson  now  lives  on  the  old 
homestead.  Benjamin  Fairehild  (wife  and 
two  little  boys)  settled  on  the  Southwest  quar- 
ter of  the  same  Section,  in  1834.  Here  the 
boys,  the  oldest  of  whom  was  only  five  years  at 
the  date  of  settlement,  grew  up  to  manhood. 
The  younger,  Jeflerson,  resided  on  the  home- 
stead until  quite  recently.  Alouzo  Fairehild 
now  owns  the  farm  adjoining  on  the  East,  to 
which  he  removed  in  1849.  It  was  entered  in 
1835  by  Patrick  Parks. 

Some  idea  of  the  hardsliips  of  the  pioneers 
in  .settling  the  eountrj^  may  be  gained  from 
such  reminiscences  as  the  following.  Says  one 
of  the  pioneers  : 

When  we  came  here,  it  was  all  woods.  There 
were  more  Indians  than  white  people.  We  could 
see  an  Indian  every  day,  or  a  squad  of  them  with 
their  squaws  and  pappooses,  but  a  white  man  or 
white  woman  was  a  rare  sight.  Our  nearest  neigh- 
bors lived  from  three  to  four  miles  ott,and  there  were 
no  roads,  only  trails  through  the  woods.  Maumee 
was  the  nearest  point  where  we  could  get  needeii 
supplies;  and  as  there  were  no  roads,  even  "  chop- 
ped out,"  we  had  to  ''  back  "  supplies  to  our  cabins. 
The  old  route  to  Maumee  was  very  crooked— the  trail 
marked  out  by  blazed  trees.  It  bent  away  round 
the  prairie  — first  to  the  South  and  then  to  the  North 
—making  the  distance  twice  what  it  is  now.  After 
roads  were  cut  out,  we  hauled  our  supplies  and  went 
to  mill,  mostly  with  oxen  and  on  sleds  at  all  seasons, 
for  there  were  few  wagons  at  first  in  the  settlement. 
My  father  paid  $14.00  fora  bariel  of  flour  iit  Maumee  ; 
and  that  was  not  the  hardest  of  it.  A  neighbor  who 
was  coming  past  our  house  without  much  load,  and 
could  just  as  easily  bring  the  barrel  of  flour  as  not, 
charged  him  i|1.00  for  fetching  it  out. 

In  answer  to  some  questions  about  the  early 
mills,  the  same  man  said: 

The  first  mill  I   remember  going  to  to  get  corn 

ground,  was  a  concern  run  by  oxen.  They  walked 
round,  hitched  to  a  jiole  or  shaft.  It  was  gotten  up 
by  a  man  by  the  name  uf  Berry,  near  what  is  now 
Ai,  in  Fulton  County.  It  was  not  much  of  a  mill  — a 
soit  of  coarse  corn-cracker,  like.  Sometimes  we 
went  to  Blissliekl,  Michigan,  to  null,  and  afterwards 
to  Waterville.  After  the  mill  was  built  at  the  latter 
place,  it  was  the  best  and  the  nearest,  but  it  often 
took  from  one  to  three  days  to  get  a  grist,  the  settlers 
coming  from  all  around   and  waiting  their  turn.     I 


have  slept  there  all  night  on  the  bags,  and  at  one 
time  two  nights,  waiting  for  my  grist.  The  usual 
mode  of  going  to  mill  was  with  oxen,  when  one  was 
well  enough  oft'  to  have  such ;  but  most  of  the  set- 
tlers were  jioor  and  had  to  put  up  with  great  hard- 
ships. .Sometimes  men  would  go  out  and  work  at 
some  odd  job  for  a  bushel  or  two  of  corn  ;  take  it  on 
their  backs  to  mill ;  wait  for  it  to  be  ground  ;  and 
return  with  the  proceeds  to  their  lonely  cabins  and 
anxiously-waiting  families,  often  at  night  through 
the  dark  forests.  Money  was  very  scarce,  prices 
high  and  most  of  tlie  settlers  poor.  The  land  was 
wet,  and  chills  and  fevers  prevailed.  The  country  is 
now  ditched  and  made  healthy  compared  with  what 
it  was.  Most  of  the  pioneers,  however,  were  hardy 
and  .strong  men,  and  could  stand  almost  anything.  " 

EARLY  L.^ND   PURCHASES. 

Following  is  a  list  of  the  earlier  purchases 
of  lantls  in  Sjjencer,  as  shown  by' the  County 
record. s : 

RANGE   FIVE,    TOWN    NINE. 

Section  31,  David  Clute,  18.>5,  SO  acres. 
Section  31,  John  McNees,  1835,  102.84  acres. 
Section  31,  Andrew  Palmer,  1835,  101.02  acres. 
Section  31,  Isaac  Ritter,  1835, 181.02  acres. 
Section  31,  Eli  Munson,  18.34,  ItiO  acres. 
Section  31,  Gideon  Rice,  1834,  102.54  acres. 
Section  31,  Charles  Butler,  1836,  51.21. 
Section  32,  Aaron  H.  Cole,  1833,  500  acres. 
Section  33,  Daniel  D.  Divine,  1835,  SO  acres. 
Section  33,  Theron  Hamilton,  1834,  40  acres. 
Section  33,  .Stephen  Langenderfer,  1830,  80  acres. 
Section  33,  Charles  Osgood,  1830,  .SO  acres. 
Section  34,  Eli  Hubbard   and  D.   B.  .\uller,  1.S35, 

80  acres. 
Section  .34,  Joseph  Harpell,  1S34,  40  acres. 
Section  34,  Andrew  Smith,  1.834,  240  acres. 
Section  34,  Catharine  Thomas,  1834,  40  acres. 
Section  34,  Horace  Waite,  1834,  40  acres. 
Section  34,  Martha  Waite,  1.S34,  .SO  acres. 
Section  34,  Seba  Murphy,  1836,  .80  acres. 
Section  35,  James  Cone,  1835,  80  acres. 
Section  35,  Matthew  Byrnes,  1834,  40  acres. 
Section  35,  David  Hendrickson,  1834,  40  acres. 
Section  35,  Hiram  Smith,  1834,  40  acres. 
Section  35,  Roswell  Cheney,  1836,  240  acres. 
Section  35,  Roswell  W.  Cheney,  1836,  40  acres. 
Section  30,  William  Berry,  1834,  64.28  acres. 

RANGE   NINE,    TOWN   EIGHT. 

Section  31,  William  Beals,  1834,  282.78  acres. 
Section  31,  John  Earner,  18.34,  151.40  acres. 
Section  31,  John  Knapper,  1834,  160  acres. 
Section  32,  Richard  Wiggins,  1.S34,  05.80  acres. 
Section  32,  Traad  Rockwood,  1834,  08.00  acres. 
Section  32,  Wm.  Houser,  1833,  160  acres. 
Section  33.  Bennett  Warren,  1833,  65.28  acres. 
Section  33,  Clark  Wright,  1833,  80  acres. 
Section  33,  John  Brown,  183(i,  7.3.76. 
Section  33,  Charles  C.  Roby,  1830,  73.76  acres. 
Section  34,  Henry  Smith,  1835,  80  acres. 
Section  34,  Charle.s  Smith,  1835,  40  acres. 
.Section  34,  Theophilus  Short,  1.S37,  160  acres. 
Section  34,  Thomas  Clark,  1843,  40  acres. 
Section  34,  Samuel  U.  Foster. 
Section  ,35,  Samuel  A.  Sargent,  1837,  66.40  acres. 
Section  35,  Dingham  D.  Abbott,  l.S.'^6  200  acres. 

Schools. — The  first  School-house  in  the 
Township  was  built  of  logs  in  the  winter  of 
183G-37,  on  the  laud  of  Eli  Munson.  There  was 
then  no  School  District  organized  in  the  Town- 
ship ;  but  the  few  settlers  got  together,  cut  the 
logs,  split  out  the  "  puncheon  "  for  the  floor  and 


SPENCER  TOWNSHIP. 


871 


roof,  laid  \ip  the  walls,  and  put  on  the  roof, 
securing  il  with  poles  laid  across,  as  nails  were 
not  in  use  in  the  setliement.  A  few  panes  of 
i;;iass  sutHced  for  a  window,  and  the  door, 
made  of  split  ]nineheons,  was  pinned  toi;ethei' 
and  Inuii;  on  woo<len  hinges.  'The  tirsl  School 
Teacher  in  the  Tdwnship  was  (.'hesler  llnlln- 
\\  a}-. 

Among  the  oldest  residents  ot  the  Township 
at  this  writing (1 887)  are:  Adam  Brown,  Levi 
Munson,  Jacob  Miirbach,  Alonzo  Fairchild, 
David  Dennis,  George  Dill,  Andrew  Myers, 
William  Keough  and  David  Criss)-.  Joseph 
Dennis,  John  Farner,  Ezra  C.  Tunison,  Henry 
]veinliart,  William  Taylor  and  Klisha  Bird 
have  passed  away  within  two  or  three  years. 

ORGANIZATION    OP   THE    TOWNSHIP. 

Pursuant  to  notice  given  by  the  Commis- 
sioners of  Lucas  County,  the  electors  of  Sjien- 
cer  Township  met  at  the  house  of  Abraham 
Johnson  in  said  Township,  April  7, 1845,  fbrtlie 
purpose  of  choosing  Township  officers.  John 
All,  Abraham  Johnson  and  Darius  \V>att, 
were  chosen  Judges  of  election,  and  Benjamin 
Fairchild  and  Aaron  H.  Cole,  Clerks.  After 
balloting,  it  was  found  that  Aaron  H.  Cole  was 
elected  Township  Clerk;  Eli  Miinson,  Samuel 
Coleman  and  William  Brown,  Township  Tnis- 
teea;  Theron  Hamilton,  Township  Treasurer ; 
Darius  Wyatt,  Assessor;  John  All  and  Aaron 
Whitacre,  Overseers  of  the  Poor;  William 
Taylor  and  Charles  Coarson,  Constables  ;  David 
Clute,  Benjamin  Fairchild  and  William  Nor- 
ris,  Supervisors  of  Highwaj's.  Benjamin  Fair- 
child,  a  Justice  of  the  Peace,  administered  the 
oath  of  office  to  the  Township  Clerk,  and  he 
to  the  other  Township  officers,  completing  the 
cjualitication  of  all  elected,  on  August  15,  1845. 

On  April  14,  1845,  Darius  Wyatt,  Assessor, 
presented  his  bond  in  the  sum  of  $500,  and 
sureties,  Theron  Hamilton  and  Charles  Coar- 
son, for  the  <'aithful  discharge  of  the  duties  of 
his  office,  which  was  accepted  by  the  Trustees. 
The  Treasurer's  bond  in  the  sum  of  $800,  with 
sureties,  Darius  Wyatt  and  Charles  Coarson, 
was  receivetl  and  approved.  William  Taylor 
and  Charles  Coarson,  Constables,  presented 
their  bonds  and  sureties. 

April  14,  1845,  four  School  Districts  were  es- 
tablished in  the  Township. 

Following  is  a  military  roll  for  the  Town- 
ship as  returned  by  Darius  Wyatt,  Asse.ssor, 
April  15,  1845: 

John  Shull,  Levi  Cliapin,  Theron  Haiiiiltnu,  Ben- 
jamin Keinhai't,  Shubal  Munson,  Cliailes  Young, 
Levi  Munson,  t^harles  Uoarsou,  William  Tavlor, 
Samuel  Coleman,  William  Norris,  Jo.sephus  \V.  llull- 
tile,  William  Brown,  Aaron  Whitacre,  Albert  (,'lute, 
David  M.  .Toluison,  Tliomas  Stevenson,  William 
Johnson,  John  .Johnson. 

The  following  order  concerning  the  election 
of  Justices  of  tlie  Peace  appears  on  the  Town- 
ship records  ; 


Be  it  remembered,  that  at  a  term  of  the  Court 
of  t'oiniiiou  Picas,  l>r;.;uu  and  luOd  in  and  for  the 
("onnty  of  Luras  and  .State  of  Ohio,  on  the  1 1th  ilay 
of  November,  A.  I).  1S4.'>,  on  motion  to  saiil  Court 
liy  l'"li  Munson.  oiU'  of  the  Trustees  of  S|)eueer  Town- 
ship, by  Young  &  Waite,  his  Attorneys;  it  was 
onkreil,  that  two  .fusticcs  of  the  Peace  in  and  lor 
said  Townsliip  lie  elected  at  the  next  annual  Spring 
election  in  said  Townshli). 

In  testimony  whereof,  I,  F.  fj.  Xichols,  Clerk  of 
saiil  Court,  have  heiviinto  set  uiv  hand  ami  seal  of 
said  Court,  the  --'Ttli  day  of  February,  A.  D..  1.S40. 

F.  li.  Nichols,  Clerk. 

Notice  of  election  in  ac('ordance  with  the 
above  order  was  given  on  JIaridi  15,  1840,  and 
on  April  (Ith  following  William  Brown  and 
Benjamin  Fairchild  were  elected  Justicesof  the 
Peace. 

At  the  State  election  held  October  14,  1845, 
26  votes  were  polled  in  the  Township.  At 
the  Township  election  for  Justices  of  the  Peace 
and  other  officers,  April  (i,  184(),  ;■$!  votes  were 
polled.  In  1851  the  number  of  votes  polled 
was  45;  in  1852,  GO  votes,  and  in  18515,  02  voles. 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICERS. 

The  following  have  been  the  principal  Town- 
ship officers  since  the  organization  : 

C/cri-s— Aaron  H.Cole,  1845-4!);  Aaron  Whitacre, 
1849;  Ezra  C.  Tunison,  1850-54  ;  Daniel  C.  Tunison. 
1854;  Samuel  Divine,  18.55  ;  Daniel  (-',  Tunison,  I.S5(i  ; 
Kobert  Fairchild,  1S57-.59;  Ezra  C.  Tunison,  185>i-()l  ; 
Robert  Fairchild,  1801  ;  Samuel  Divine,  18(iL'-5 ;  .Jacob 
Surbeck,  18f)5-7  ;  William  Gevser,  18li7  ;  Alexander 
Crissy,  18t;8-70;  William  H.  'Pemberton,  1870-71'; 
Edgar  Morrill,  187l'-S0;  D.  B.  Dill,  1880-8:!;  Edgar 
Morrill,  1883;  Peter  Brick,  1884-80;  Edward  W.  Dil- 
gart,   18SG-87. 

7'reasuirrs— Theron  Hamiiton,  1845-50;  Aaron 
Whitacre,  18.50;  Charles  Coarson,  1851;  William 
Taylor,  1852-08;  Alonzo  Fairchild,  1808-7!);  Conrad 
Murbach,  !87i)-83;  A.  W.  Munson,  188;!-85;  Frank 
Keopfer,  1885-87. 

Tnisli'cs — Eli  Mun.son,  Samuel  Coleman,  William 
Brown,  1845;  Abraham  Johnson,  Charles  Coarson, 
Eli  Munson,  1846;  John  Shull,  Eli  Munson,  William 
Norris,  1847;  William  Brown,  William  Tavlor,  Mat- 
thew M,  Mason,  1848-4!);  John  Farner.  'David  M. 
Johnson,  Samuel  Coleman,  1850;  Martin  Walters 
Shubal  Munson,  Samuel  Coleman,  1.S51  ;  James  Mor- 
ris, David  Clute,  William  Brown,  IS5'J;  Smith  H. 
Topping,  John  Farner,  Alexander  Walp,  1S5:!;  Ezra 
C.  Tunison,  Eli  .Munson,  Albert,  Clute,  1854  ;  Wil- 
liam Brown,  Isaac  Clemens,  Alliert  Clute,  18.')5;  Wil- 
liam Stair,  Sanniel  Coleman,  Ueorge  Dill,  1.S.50  ; 
John  Farner,  Samuel  Divine,  Elisha  Bird,  1,'n57  ;  K. 
C.  Tunison,  Joseph  Dennis,  Lucas  Raab,  18.58;  Lucas 
Kabb,  Isaac  Clemens,  Alonzo  Fairchild,  1850;  Lucas 
Rabb,  Alonzo  Fairchilil,  John  Farner,  1800  ;  John 
Farner,  David  Deiniis,  Samuel  Divine,  1801;  .lohn 
Farner,  Alonzo  Fairi'hild,  David  Dennis,  l,si;2; 
Alonzo  Fairchilil,  David  Dennis.  Abraham  Johnson, 
.Ir.,  lS(i:!-(i4 ;  Alonzo  I'airchild,  .lo.sepli  Deiiuis, 
Abraham  Joluison,  1805;  Alonzo  Fairchild,  Abraham 
.lohnson,  William  Pemberton,  ISOO;  William  Pem- 
berton, .John  W.  Brown,  Willanl  Barnes,  l.S(17-(;,S; 
Prosor  Coon,  William  Pemberton,  John  W.  Brown, 
ISll!);  .\ndrew  Klumm,  .lohn  E.  Farner,  James 
Barnes,  1870;  Amlrew  Klumm.  .lames  P.arues,  John 
W.  Browti,  l.-t71  ;  William  Taylor,  Jerennah  Carroll, 
John  W.  Brow  n,  187:.';  .lohn  W.  Brow  n,  James  Barnes, 
Jeremiah    Carroll,     1873;    William     Taylor,    James 


872 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Barnes,  Jeromiah  Carroll,  1S74 ;  .Tames  Barnes,  what  is  now  Bast  Swanton,  in  Swunton  Town- 
Enoch  Hul'tik'.  Andrew  Klunini,  1.ST5;  James  Barne.?,  gi,ip.  The  latter  was  removed  to  SwantonVillage 
John  E.  Earner,  Andrew  KInnun  lS7(i ;  Stephen  -ifter  that  became  a  Railroad  Station,  and  re,si- 
IMtijon  'Vndrcw  Iv  nnnn,  John  Kegenald.  low;  .  ,  i  ii  ,.  .  i'  o  1  i-  i 
.le&n  l^Trchild,  Andrew  Klnmm,  Harmon  Far!  <lc"/-s  "^  that  ],art  o  Spencer  nearest  adjaccm 
ner,  1878 ;  Harmon  Earner,  John  Snllivan,  James  still  got  their  mail  there,  ihe  iownslnp  Po.st 
Barnes,  'l879-,S0  ;  Harmon  Earner,  James  Barnes,  Office  proper  i.s  located  at  Java  ( Fiaiiktbrt 
Andrew  Klumm,  I.SSI  :  Andrew  Klnmm,  E.lgar  Mor-  CJorners).  It  was  first  kept  by  the  late  William 
rill,  E.hvard  Uilgart.  Issl' ;  Alonzu  l-aiivluld  Lafav-  Baylor  at  his  residence,  and  afterward.s  movetl 
ette  Dill  L.  J.  Berkevbile.  ISS!:!;  Lalavette  Dill.  ,  •'  ,  .  .  \-i  *;  n  •  iu-o  •. 
i:  J  BeiWbile,  John' .Sharpies,  l,SS4-8,^";  Harmon  '''om  pkce  to  place  until  hnally,  iii  lb/9,  it 
Earlier,  Andrew  Klnmm,  Alonzo  Eaircbild,  LSSd ;  was  located  at  Java,  Since  which  I'rauk  Iveop- 
l.afayette  Dill  (only  one  elected).  LS,S7.  fer  has  been  Postmaster. 

faxlios  of  thi'  /-"cncc -Benjamin  Eairchild.  184.5-48;  B.\PTIST  Church.— This    church  was  organ- 
William    Brown     1841!-.-).-.;  Theron  Ha.mlton,    1^^50 ;  j      ,  ^              .j       ^j^^     j^^^^j  services    held  in  the 
Samuel  Earner,  1880-8/ ;  Lucas  Raab,  lSh2-8i.     (The  o   i       i       tt                    i      •             •      .-             -i 
names  between  1S.50  and  1.S80  were  not  accessible  to  &cliool      House    and  _  in    private    residences 
the  writer.)  Among  the  first  preacners  were  elders  Birdsell 

and    Lewis.     Uev.   Aaron   H.    Cole,    was    the 

Schools.— On  April  18,  1853,    the  Board  of  first   regular    Pa,stor ;  but    no    church  edifice 

Education    divided    the  Township    into   three  ^as    built  during    his    day;  nor,  indeed,  until 

Sub-Districts,    as   follows:     No.   1 —Composed  .some  time  after  his  death.     Rev.  Mr.  Cole  was 

of  Sections  31,  82  ami   5  and  0.     No.  2 — Com-  one  of  the  early  settlers  and  began  his  ministry 

posed    of  Sections  33,   34,   35,  36,    and  1,2,  3  in  Spencer  Township.     He  was  born  in  Covert, 

and  7.     No.  3 — Composed   of  Sections  7,  8,  9,  Seneca  County,    Ne.v  York,  February  5,1813. 

10,  11,  12  and  31,  32,  33,  34  and  35.  He    was  married    with  Lydia    Rappleyee    in 

These  have  been  changed  in  their  boundaries  March,   1835,    and  the    same  Spring  came    to 

from  time  to  time,  so  that  at  present  there  are  Spencer,    where    he  settled    and  resided   until 

five  Districts  in  the  Township.     All  except  one  1856.     His  name  appears  upon   the  records  as 

have  substantial  brick  School-house.s.  the  first  Clerk  of  the  Township,    and  he  aided 

On  April  17,  1854,   the  Board    assessed   the  in  many  important  ways  in  the  organization  of 

sum   of  1250  for  the  purpose   of  purchasing   a  its  affairs.     Feeling    that    he     was    called    to 

site  and    building'  a   School-house    in    District  preach  the  Gospel, "he  was  ordained  and  began 

No.    3.     On    settlement    with   the    Treasurer,  his  ministry  in  1841.     Most  of  the  time  f(n-  20 

there  was  remaining  in  the  treasury  a  balance  years  or  more  he  preached  at  his  own  exi)ense 

of   $279.22     apportioned   to    the    Districts    as  to  weak  Churches.    In  1856  he  moved  to  Grrand 

follows  :     No.  1— $72.50  ;  No.  2— $108.02  ;  No.  Blanc,  Ohio,  and  took  charge  of  a  Church  there. 

3— $99.70.  For  a  time  also  he  traveled  and  preached  under 

The  receipts  of  School  money  reported  April,  the  auspices    of  the    Ohio  Baptist  State  Con - 

1856,  were  as  follows;  vention.  But  he  is  best  remembered  in  Spencer 

„  ,        ^.         „      ,                                            e  PI  no  and     the    adjacent    region.     He    removed    to 

Set S  T.  .::r:::::::::::::::::::   ?7 17  Adrian,  Michigan,  in  1866,  where  he  died 

Township  Fundri-.I— i:!-  88  October      26,     1867,    in     the     55th     year     of 

State  Fund 277  19  his  age.      He  was  succeeded    in    the    Spencer 

Interest  on  Section  16 19  20  pastorate  by  Elder  Nill,  of  Maumee.     Rev.s.  A. 

,                                                           ^r.v,  in  Brown,  A.  J.  Porter,  Horace  Hall  (who  died  in 

lotal »ouj  Kichiield    June    1,    1876),   A.    J.    Buel,   F.  C. 

For  18C6,  the  following:  Wright  and  James    Adams,    have  followed  in 

Township  School  House  Fund $213  28  «"f„™/'  ^t  '='"[  ""'"'«    -'f  "f  ^'''',  ^'''/.°'\''l 

State  School  Fund  184  .50  1887.     The  Church  was  tinishcd  and  dedicated 

Interest  on  Section  IG 10.5.58  in  1873. 

— .  Church  of  Immaculate  Conception. — About 

Total ■t->o:i  .".0  -[g.^m^  Father  Armedeus  Rappe  began  a  mi.ssion 

Receipts  for  March  .5,  1887  :  among  the  Gorman  Catholics  of  tins  Township, 

State  Common  School  Fund 1 204  00  holding    services    at    private    residences.     In 

Interest  on  Section  10 .SO  19  1S51  the  log-church  now  used  for  the  parochial 

Dog  Tax. ■^— ,- ._^'?  ;;i5  School-house  was    erected.     It  was  succeeded 

iownsh.p  contingent  Fund .|,24  08  ,^^^  _^  ^^..^^^^^  building  in  1864.     This  edifice  was 

The  number  of  persons  of  School  ago  in  the  destroyed  by  fire  June  7, 1875,  and  in  1876,  the 

Township  in  1887  was  237 — males  127;  females,  fine    structure    known   as   the   Church  of  Im- 

110.     Number  of  voters,  132.  maculate   Conception,  was  erected  and   conse- 

Board  of  Education  for  1887— A.   W.  Mun-  crated.     On  March  4,  1880, a  tornado  struck  the 

son,  Peter  Brick,  J,  W.  Mauchly,  W,  II,  Strong  building,  demolishing  it  com])letcly,  exce])t  the 

and  C.  Winlcrfelt,     A,  W.  Muiison,  President;  side  walls,  which  alone  were  lelt  standing.    On 

E.  VV.  Dilgart,  Clerk.  the  15th  of  August,   the  church   was  again  ro- 

PosT  OivicE— The    nearest  Post  Office  was  built,  frescoed    and   occupied.     It  is  the  finest 

at  Maumee  until  an  ofHce  was   established  at  country  Church  in  Lucas  C!ouuty,  and  cost,  in 


f 

t 


» 


m"v-('"^' 


(L-^^^^^'^ry^ri''         (3''%c^»,^^^^^ii^^ 


SPENCER   TOWNSHIP. 


873 


all,  about  $12,000.  Rev.  Charles  Barbier  was 
the  first  rosident  Minister  in  1865,  and  since 
have  bofn  the  following  in  the  years  named  : 
Rev.  Nicholas  Schnutz,"18G8;  Rev.  Peter  Kol- 
lojjp,  1S70;  Rl'v.  John  G.  Vogt,  1875;  and 
Rev.  Weinier  Mueller  since  1877. 

'Vim  Germ.vn  Eeformed  Church  of  Spencer 
was  organized  in  1852;  Isaac  Matzinger,  Con- 
rad Swino,  Andrew  Eeginald  and  their  families, 
being  among  the  princijial  organizers.  1'he 
huilding  was  erected  in  18(54.  The  Church 
has  increased  in  numbers  from  the  German 
element  in  the  Township  which  is  about  two- 
thirds  of  the  pojmlation,  about  one-half  of  the 
Germans  being  I'rotestants. 

There  is  also  a  German  Baptist  Church  in 
the  Township,  erected  in  1878.  Rev.  Sebastian 
Site  has  been  its  only  Pastor. 


ALONZO  FAIRCHILD  was  liorn  January 
20,  1829,  in  Remscn,  Oneida  County,  New 
York.  Jlis  parents  were  Benjamin  and  Mercy 
(Pooler)  Fairehild.  The  father  was  born  in 
Connecticut,  May  18,  1704;  and  the  mother  in 
the  State  of  New  York,  February  20,  1810. 
They  were  married  Maj-  27,  1827.  With  their 
three  children  — Benjamin  R.  (a  half-brother), 
Alonzo  and  Robert,  they  removed  to  Medinq, 
County,  Ohio,  in  the  Spring  of  1834,  remaining 
there  until  the  Fall  following,  when  they  came 
to  what  is  now  Spencer  Townshii^.  There  the}' 
made  their  home  in  the  Wilderness,  with  their 
nearest  white  nciglibor  five  miles  distant,  but 
with  plenty  of  Indians  about  them.  Mr.  Fair- 
child  entered  a  tract  of  land  at  the  Land  Office 
at  Monroe,  Michigan.  Mary  Jane,  a  daughter, 
born    February    22,   1838,    died    November   7, 

1862.  The  father  died  December  29,  1855,  and 
the  mother  May  20,  1878.  Their  son  Robert 
enlisted  in  Company  A,  Sixty- Seventh  Ohio 
Regiment,  October  19,  1861,  and  died  in  hos- 
pital at  Newbern,  North  Carolina,  August  29, 

1863.  Thomas  J.,  born  in  Spencer,  February 
10,  1844,  now  resides  in  Adams  Township.  The 
father  was  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace,  on  the 
organization  of  the  Township,  holding  the  office 
for  several  years.  Alonzo  has  served  as  Town- 
ship Trustee  for  many  years,  as  Treasurer  for 
12  years,  as  School  Director  for  24  years,  and 
as  Assessor  for  one  j'ear.  During  the  War  of 
the  Rebellion,  he  was  specially  serviceable  to 
the  Ihiion  cause,  in  his  efforts  in  raising  and 
forwarding  troops  from  Spencer.  Mr.  F.  has 
been  an  active  Republican  sincethe  organization 
of  that  party,  having  voted  for  Fremont  in  1856. 
lie  ha.s  always  enjoyed  the  confidence  of  his 
neighbors  and  has  never  been  an  office  seeker. 
Mr.  Fairehild  was  married  with  Charlotte 
Beachtle,  February  10,  1854.  Mrs.  Fairehild 
was  born  in  Bedford  County,  Pennsylvania, 
March  2, 1832,  and  with  her  parents,  Henry  and 
Asenath  (  Fliggle)  Beachtle,  removed  to  Wayne 
County,  Ohio,   in   1833,  whence  the}-   came  to 

5b 


Spencer  in  1848.  Mrs.  Fairehild  before  marriage 
taught  School  for  .several  years  in  S]iencer  and 
Springfield  TowMiships.  She  has  served  as  (Merk 
of  the  Ha]itist  (/liurcli  in  Spencer  for  13  j'ears ; 
has  been  for  seven  yt^ars  a  Vice  President  oi 
the  l.ucas  County  Sal)bath-Scliool  Union:  and 
eight  years  Vice  President  of  the  Woman's 
Christian  Temperance  Union  of  Lucas  t'ountv. 
She  si'rved  as  Supei'intendent  of  the  Baptist 
Sunday  School  for  several  years,  all  of  which 
have  been  without  her  solicitation.  Air. 
Fairehild  has  been  for  IG  years  Trustee  of 
the  Baptist  Church  and  is  now,  he  served  as 
Chairman  of  the  Building  Committee  of  the 
same.  They  have  four  daughters— Ida  V.  A., 
born  January  20,  185G.  the  wife  of  Saniu<d  Sur- 
beck  of  Spencer;  Clai'a  Bell,  boi-n  April  26, 
1859,  wife  of  Isaac  Malzinger  of  S]iencer;  Lu- 
rena  M.,  born  August  S,  1864,  wife  of  William 
Keough,  of  Sp)encer;  and  Bessie  J.,  born  Maj' 
15,  1876,  residing  at  home. 

LUCAS  RAAB,  second  son  of  Valentine 
and  Catharine  (liitter)  Raab,  was  born  in  the 
(irand  l)uchy  of  llesise  Cassel,  German}-,  Oeto- 
bei'  18,  1825.  In  1836,  with  his  pai-cnts  and 
older  brother,  Peter,  he  came  to  the  United 
States,  first  settling  in  Portage  and  Summit 
Counties.  In  1851,  all  but  Lucas  removed  to 
Lucas  County,  he  remaining  at  Akron.  They 
settled  on  the  present  homestead  at  Raab's 
Corners,  Spencer  Townshii^.  The  chihlren  then 
consisted  of  Peter,  Lucas,  Catharine  (wife  of 
Andrew  Gessner,  of  Maumee),  Joseph  (de- 
ceased), Mary  (wife  of  Anthony  Welzbaeher,  of 
Richfield),  John,  of  Maumee,  and  Maria,  of 
Cleveland,  Ohio.  The  father  died  in  Spencer 
January  17,  1871  ;  and  the  mother  October  12, 
1878.  Lucas  attended  the  Parochial  Schools  in 
Germany  from  the  age  of  .seven  to  11  years. 
During  the  Winters  lie  attended  Public  Schools 
in  Portage  County,  where  his  progress  in  the 
acquisition  of  the  English  language  was  re- 
markable, which  largely  explains  the  excep- 
tional fluency  and  correctness  of  his  use  of  that 
tongue.  Mr.  Raab  has  been  for  many  years  an 
extensive  and  successful  Farmer,  and  since 
1866  a  Merchant,  his  fiirm  and  store  both  being 
located  at  Raab's  Corners.  In  188ti  he  suffered 
severely  from  a  fire,  losing  barns,  carriage- 
house,  five  horses  and  other  property,  with  little 
insurance.  He  is  known  among  his  neighbors 
as  a  hospitable  and  charitable  citizen,  meeting 
fully  the  requirements  of  good  citizenship.  In 
religious  faith,  he  isat'atholic,  and  has  long  been 
prominently  identified  with  the  prosperity  of 
the  Church  of  the  Immaculate  Conception,  in 
Spencer.  Politically,  he  is  a  Republican,  and 
was  an  active  suppoi'ter  of  the  Union  during 
the  War  of  the  Rebellion.  The  only  Rejuihli- 
can  in  the  School  District  of  his  residence  (with 
20  votes),  he  has  no  superior  in  personal  po]m- 
larity  and  the  esteem  of  his  neighbors.  This  is 
true,  also,  as  to  the  Township,  wliicli  be    has 


874 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LOCAS  COUNTY. 


served  for  many  years  as  Justice  of  the  Peace, 
Trustee  and  Assessor,  now  holding  the  first 
named  office.  In  1873  he  was  elected  as  a  Com- 
missioner of  Lucas  County,  serving  for  three 
years.  In  1880,  as  Deputy  United  States  Mar- 
shal, he  took  the  enumeration  of  Richfield  Town- 
ship.    Mr.  Raab  was  married  Februarj^  6, 1855, 


with  Mary  Ann  Miller.  He  has  eight  children 
Catharine,  Joseph  P.,  George  B.,  Mary  Ann, 
Peter  L.,  John,  Lawrence  and  Amelia.  Mrs. 
Eaab  died  October  9, 1876.  At  Norwalk,  Oiiio, 
September  21, 1880,  Mr.  Eaab  was  married  with 
Mary  Bodenstedt,  a  native  of  Hanover,  Ger- 
many. 


SPRINOKIELD    TOWNSHIP. 


Springfield  Township  lies  in  the  Central 
Western  portion  of  Lucas  County.  It  is 
bounded  on  the  North  by  Sylvania,  East  by 
Adams  and  a  corner  of  Waynesfield,  South  bj' 
Monclova,  and  West  by  a  part  of  Monclova 
and  Spencer  Townships.  The  principal  water- 
courses within  its  boundaries  are  Swan  and 
Wolf  Creeks,  which  form  a  junction  near  its 
Eastern  border.  The  soil  in  the  Southern  part 
is  clay-loam..  Originally  it  was  wet  for  tillage  ; 
but  since  the  di'aining  process  has  been  suc- 
cessfully employed,  it  has  been  converted  into 
a  highly  productive  section  of  country  ;  the 
Central  and  Northern  portions  of  the  Town- 
ship are  more  sandy,  but  produce  good  crops 
of  wheat,  corn  and  fruit.  The  Township  is 
crossed  nearly  centrally  from  East  to  West  by 
the  Air  Line  Division  of  the  Lake  Shore  and 
Michigan  Southern  Railroad,  with  a  Station  at 
Holland,  neay  the  center  of  the  Township; 
which  is  also  the  place  of  Township  business 
and  of  the  Post  Office. 

Springfield  originally  embraced  the  area 
discribed  in  the  following  resolution  adopted 
by  the  Board  of  County  Comissioners  of  Lucas 
County,  June  20,  1836 : 

"Resolved,  Bj'  the  Board,  That  a  new  civil  Town- 
ship be  erected,  to  be  comprehended  within  the  fol- 
lowing boundaries,  to  wit: 

Commencing  on  the  South  line  of  Township  No. 
2,  in  tlie  Twelve  Mile  Square  Reserve,  between 
Sections  32  and  33 ;  thence  North,  on  the  Section  line, 
to  the  North  line  of  said  Sections ;  thence  East,  on 
said  Section  line,  to  the  West  line  of  Section  27  ; 
thence  North,  on  said  West  line  to  the  North  line  of 
said  Section  27 ;  thence  East,  on  said  North  line  to 
the  West  line  of  Section  23 ;  thence  North  to  the 
North  line  of  said  Section  23 ;  thence  East  on  the 
said  North  line  to  the  West  line  of  Section  13  ;  thence 
North  to  the  Fulton  line  ;  thence  East  on  said  Fulton 
line  to  Port  Lawrence  Township  ;  thence  bounded  on 
the  East  by  Port  Lawrence  Township,  on  the  North 
by  the  North  line  of  Said  Township  No.  2,  and 
VVest  by  the  West  of  said  Township  No.  2;  until  it 
strikes  the  Fulton  line  from  the  North  ;  thence  by 
the  East  line  of  Townships  Nos.  7  and  8,  in  Range 
nine,  until  it  strikes  the  South  line  of  Township  No. 
2  ;  thence  on  the  South  by  the  South  line  of  Town- 
ship No.  2  to  the  place  of  beginning;  and  the  said 
Township  shall  be  known  under  the  name  of  Spring- 
field." 

March  14,  1853,  the  Northern  part  of  what 
was  then  Waynesfield  Township,  including 
the  Northern  half  of  River  Tracts  Nos.  575, 
576,  579,  580  and  581,  now  in  Adams  Town- 


ship, wa8  added  to  Springfield  Township,  and 
on  the  same  date  the  Townshijj  of  Monclova 
was  formed  from  Waynesfield  and  the  South- 
ern part  of  Springfield. 

The  Townshijj  of  Springfield  was  reduced  to 
its  present  dimensions  by  the  detachment  of  a 
portion  to  Adams  Township  in  1856,  since 
which  its  boundaries  have  remainetl  un- 
changed. 

EARLY    ENTRIES    OF    LAND. 

The  following  list  will  show  that  most  of  the 
lands  in  the  original  Township  of  Springfield 
were  purchased  of  Government  before  the 
Township  was  organized;  as  well  as  furnish 
the  names  of  most  of  the  first  settlers,  and  in 
what  sections  their  lands  were  located  : 

UNITED  STATES  KANGE,  TOWN  TWO. 

West  1/4  Northwest  H  Sec.  3,  Charles  Powell,  1834;  80  acres. 
West  ^  Southeast  y  Sec.  3,  Wm.  W.  Wadsworth,  1834;  80  acres. 
Kast  %  Southeast  H  and  S  W  14  Sec.  4,  Jas.  F.  Ford, 1831 ;  340  acres. 
Northwest  J^  Sec.  4,  Charles  Powell,  1834,  l.i9  7i  acres. 
Whole  Section  6,  W.  W.  WadBworth,  18:)4;  G33..59  acres. 
West  14  Southwest  ^i  Sec.  6,  Prudence  Page,  1835;  80  acres 
Southeast  }ti  Southwest  \^  Sec.  9,  Ambrose  Kice,  1835;  40  acres. 
Northwest  !4  Sec.  (;,  Wm  Berry  1834;  157.a)  acres. 
West  K  Southeast  hi  Sec.  0,  Joseph  Quick,  1834;  80  acres 
Southeast  H  Sec.  8,  Lorenzo  Abbot,  1833;  lliO  acres. 
East  La  Southwest  1.4  Sec.  8,  Brisham  D.  Abbott,  18,33;  80  acres. 
West  >i  Souihwest  I4  Sec.  8,  C.  C.  P.  Hunt,  1834;  80  acres. 
Northwest  "^  Southeast  34  Sec.  9,  Charles  Powell,  18^15;  40acre,s. 
Southwest  ^  Soutliwest  ?-4  Sec.  9,  John  Cummins,  1834;  40  acres. 
Southwest  \,i  Southeast  a  and  Southeast  J4  Southeast  '/i  .Sec.  9, 

John  Mlckle,  jr..  18:i3;  80  acres. 
Northwest  %  Southwest  Ji  Sec.  9,  John  Cummins,  1833;  40  acres. 
East  y.  Northeast  ^4  Sec .  9,  Herman  Ely,  1833;  80  acres. 
West  %  Northeast  and  East  %  VVest  M  Sec.  9,  John  E.  Hunt,  18:i4; 

160  acres. 
East  X  West  14  Sec.  9,  Athena  Row,  1834;  80  acres. 
Northwest  Jq  Northwest  J^  Sec.  9,  Surdam  Bishop,  1834;  40  acres. 
Northeast  ^  Southeast  34  Sec.  11,  Matthew  Byrnes,  1834;  40  acres. 
East  14  Northeast  J^  Sec.  II,  Benoni  Newkirk,  1.S3;1;  80  acres. 
East  34  Northeast  in  Sec.  11,  Patrick  Flynn,  1831;  80  acres. 
Northwest  Ji  Northwest  }4  'in'i   West  J^  Southeast  X    ^<^-  IL 

Matthew  Byrnes,  1833;  120  acres. 
Southeast  34  Southeast  %  Sec.  14,  Geo.  Washington,  1834;  40  acres. 
West  K'  Northwest  3-4  Sec.  14,  John  Jlickle,  jr.,  I8IJ2;  .80  acres. 
East  i^'Northwest  hi  Sec.  14,  Sanford  Proutv   1*34:  80  acres. 
West  %  Southwest  !4  Sec.  14,  Ellison  DeMott,  1838;  80  acres. 
East  y,  Southwest  }-i  See.  14,  Charles  E.  Roby,  1832;  80  acres. 
East  iZ  Northeast  %  .Sec.  !4.  John  Mickle,  Jr.,  1831;  80  acres. 
East  34  Southwest  %  Sec.  15,  John  Wiltse,  1831;  80  acres. 
Southeast  \i  Sec.  15.  Samuel  Demott,  1833;  160  acres. 
East  )i  Northeast  34  Sec.  17.  Wm.  Van  Home,  1833;  80  acres. 
West  K>  Northwest  "li  Sec.  IT,  James  Dean,  18.33;  80  acres. 
West  M  .Southwest  M  Sec.  17,  David  Trumbull,  1833;  80  acres. 
West  X  Southetxst  54  and  East  }4  Southwest  5^,  Sec.  17,  Wm. 

Travnor,  1844;  160  acres. 
East  a  Northeast  H  and  Southwest  %  of  Northeast  34  Sec.  IS, 

Jeremiah  Kimball,  18-33;  ISO  acres. 
Southeast  1.4  Section  18.  David  TrumbuU,  18.33;  160  acres. 
South  14  Southwest  }4  Sec.  18,  James  Dean,  1834;  80  acres. 
West  !4  Southeast  34  Sec.  19,  Thos.  Dolan  and  H.  McConray,  1844; 

80  acres. 
West  !4  Southwest  34  Sec.  19,  Joseph  Hayes  and  Matthew  Reilley, 

1844;  80  acres. 
West  a  Northeast  34  Sec.  19,  Samnel  Jav,  1844;  80  acres. 
East  K  Northeast  34  Sec.  19,  Alfred  Eumsey,  1844;  80  acres. 
East  U    Southeast  )4  and  East  }4   Southwest  ^4  Sec.  19,  John 

Sliehevand  Samuel  F.  Cook,  1847;  80  acres. 
Southeast" 3i  Southeast  ^  Sec.  20,  David  Purdun,  1833;  40  acres. 
East  33  Northeast  Ji  and  Northeast  JS  Southeast  ^^  See.  90,  Jede- 

diah  Jessup,  1836;  120  acres. 


SPRINGFIELD   TOWNSHIP. 


875 


West  H  Northwest  M  Sec.  20,  Kotert  Ackland,  1843:  80  acres. 

East  }i  Southwest  }4  Sec.  20.  Mark  Curtis,  18I.S:  80  acre.<. 

West  14  Southwest  J^  Sec.  30,  John  llarriiiKton,  .Ir.,  184.'i;  80 acres.' 

Knst  ^:.  Northwest  y.i  Sec.  20,  Alirahnni  VauWork.  l.s-i:i;  80  acres. 

I  ;iNi  '  ,  s.iuiliue.'it  I4  Sec.  21,  Martin  strayer,  lS.'t3;  80  acres. 

W.>t  ',,  Soiiiliwest  hi  Sec.  21,  llulicrt  Ilollowa}-,  1813;  80  acres. 

WtsI  '.,  Noitliwest  "-iSec.  22,  Silas  Haines,  l.s::'.4;  SO  acres. 

East  i.^  Suotlii-a.st  hC  Sec.  22,  .lames  S.  Kitchel,  I8.'i4;  80  acres. 

Southwest  h  Northeast  'A  Sec.  22.  Linus  Frost,  1833:  40  ucre.s. 

Soutlicasl  '4  Si-ction  27,  \Vm.  Heals,  1833:  160  acres. 

Southeast  ;4  Noitliwest  }i  and  West  y.  Northwest  J^  Sec.  ST, 

Pliiliji  ZciKlcr,  I8:i3:  120acres. 
Northea.st  ^4  .Nnrthwest  ^  Sec.  27,  Levi  Manlev,  1843:  40  acres, 
West  !^  Northeast  '^  Sec.  28.  Jeremiah  A.  Scott,  \mi:  80  acres. 
East  U  Northwest  '4  Sec.  28,  Africa  Spaukiing,  1813,  80  acres. 
Southwist  ^4  Nortliuest  I4  Sec.  28,  James  Carli.ss,  18:63:  SOacres. 
Soutlieast  !4  Northwest  V  .Sec.  29,  Philander  Noble,  ia33:  40  acres. 
East  1..  Northeast  }4  Sec.  29.  John  Strayer,  1833:  80  acres. 
East  >b"  Northwest  a  Sec.  30,  Mar\-  Ann  Scott,  1843:  80  acres. 
West  JA  Northwest  ^  Sec.  30,  Daniel  E.  Cook,  1846:  80  acres. 

RANGE    SI.\,  TOWN  NINE. 

East  fractional  y.  Sec.  31,  W.  and  J.  James,  18:65,  124.88  acres. 
West  fractional  Pi,  Sec.  31,  Eleazer  Geason,  1834,  122.60  acres. 
Whole  Sec.  :32,  W.  W.  Wadsworlh,  1834,  2.=i8.(»  acres. 
East  part  Northeast  fractional  J4.  Sec.  33.  I'harles  Powell,  1834, 

70.19  acres. 
West  J-i  .Sec.  34,  W.  W.  Wadsworth,1834,  158  acres. 

RANGE  NINE,  TOWN  SEVEN. 

Southwest  I4  and  West  K>  Southeast  H,   Sec.  1,  John  E.  Hunt, 

1835,  240  acres. 
North  14,  Sec.  1,  T.  J.  Dobbins,  1835,  312. 2.S acres. 
East  W  Southeast  J^,  Sec.  1.  John  Knaggs,  1836,  80  acres. 
Northeast  >i.  Sec.  12,  James  M.  Briggs,  1864,  160  acres. 

RANGE  NINE,   TOWN  EIGHT. 

South  i4,  Sec.  36,  T.  J.  Dobbins,  1S;J5,  320  acres. 

Northeast  fraction.  Sec.  36,  Bingham  D.  Ahbott,  1836, 130.50  acres. 

South  part  Northwest  !4,  Sec.  36,  Jacob  Falk,  1836,  80  acres. 

Northwest  fraction.  Sec.  6,  T.  J.  Dobbins,  1835,  90.36  acres. 

North  ii,  Sec.  7,  Africa  Spaukiing,  1839,  90.20  acres. 

North  part  ,Sec.  31,  George  Wilber,  18:35,  "3.41  acres. 

A  large  number  of  those  whose  names  appear 
ill  the  above  list  never  lived  in  Springfield 
proper.  Some  of  them,  as  the  Wadsworths, 
lived  in  the  State  of  New  York,  some  in  Tole- 
do, some  in  Perrysburg  and  some  in  Maumee. 

EARLY    TRANSFERS. 

Among  other  early  transfers  of  real  estate  in 
Springfield  Township,  the  County  records  show 
the  following  : 

Victory  Jenison  to  J.  E.  Hunt,  1828. 

James  Kitchell  to  Edmund  C   Kitchell,  l.'^Sl. 

Silas  Barnes  to  Chloe  Lees,  1831, 

Ephraim  Wiltse  to  Dennis  Sage,  1832. 

J.  E.  Hunt  to  Frances  Collins,  1833. 

Thomas  Degane  to  Joel  Butterfield,  1833. 

Samuel  DeMott  to  William  DeMott.  1833. 

David  Purdon  to  Jacob  Smith,  1833. 

James  Henderson  toIraC4ould.  October,  1834. 

Christian  Swartz  to  Cornelius  Stage,  July,  18.36. 

Simpson  Parks  to  Lewis  Miles,  October, "18.36. 

Nathaniel  Jones  to  Huntington  Larabee.  September,  1836. 

Jacob  Smith  to  Sarah  McGuire  l^arks,  February,  1836. 

Joseph  Devine  to  Selah  Devine,  April,  18.38. 

Samuel  Divine  to  Kphraim  Kimball,  December,  1838. 

Alfred  McCoy  to  Josiah  Ward,  January,  1836. 

Norman  Kimball  to  John  Janes,  June",  1837. 

Chloe  Lees  to  John  Janes,  August,  1838. 

Jacob  Gnagy  to  James  Hammond,  February,  1836. 

John  Burdo  to  Lewis  Kumsey,  August,  1839". 

Solomon  (-'ross  to  Horace  Honey,  October,  1h:16. 

David  Trumbull  to  Henry  Rose,  Januarv.  1840. 

Benj.G.  Lewis  to  Levi  11.  Swan,  March,  1839. 

David  and  Isaac  Preston  to  Ezra  Holt,  .\ugu3t,  18.39. 

Henry  Zimmerman  to  Peter  Mining.  .Inly,  1839. 

Thomas  Clark  2d  to  James  M.  Felt,  March,  1843. 

David  Trural>ull  to  James  Trumbull,  March,  1839. 

Thomas  Dolan  to  Edward  Glinnen,  November,  1843. 

Jacob  Gnagy  to  John  Spencer,  1843. 

Zimri  H.  Ba'xter  to  Lucius  Carpenter,  May,  1841. 

Mark  Curtis  to  Peter  Williams,  April,  1844. 

Jacob  Gnagy  to  Harmon  HubbfU,  January,  1844. 

George  Paddock  to  Henderson  W.  Hortou,  July,  1844. 

State  of  Ohio  to  Hubert  Holloway.  October,  1843. 

Uriah  Ueach  to  Lewis  F^umsey,  December.  1844. 

George  Loveless  to  Henderson  W.  Horton.  May,  1840. 

Abram  VauWert  to  Irvine  Greene,  October,  1845. 

Peter  Waterbury  to  Joseph  Walker,  .-Vpril,  1844. 

Thomas  Clark  2d  to  James  M.  Felt,  November,  1844. 

George_Paddock  to  Lewis  Kumsey,  October,  1845. 


Patrick  Del.aney  to  the  Township  of  Springfield,  March,  184S, 
1J.4  acres  of  land  in  Section  17.  for  use  as  a  public  burying 
ground. 

.•\ntnonv  L.  Willard  to  ."School  District  No. :!,  Spriuglleld  Town- 
shiji  iWm.  .McMillan,  Michael  DeBolt,  and  A.  L.  Willard, 
Directors),  for  School  purposes,  Aj»ril,lH46. 

Thomas  J.  Dobbins  10  Thomas  Arnolil,  March,  1817. 

Theron  namilton  toJohn  Heals.  October,  1S46. 

Thomas  J.  Dobbins  to  .Mason  Dobbins,  September,  1846. 

.Ujigail  and  .Samnel  Wood  to  Wni.  Lees,  November,  18.14. 

Jacob  Gnagy  to  Martin  Stevens,  Absolem,  Aaron  and  .lohn  Ste- 
vens, Directors  of  S])ringfield  Township,  a  site  for  a  School- 
house,  February,  1847. 

Henry  D.  Hose  to  Truman  L.  Pooler,  December,  1845. 

T.  L.  Pooler  to  Jacob  Kirkendal,  January,  1840. 

James  l.i'mikan  to  Michael  DeHolt.  December.  1843. 

Samuel  Divine  to  1  buries  Oioki-,  November,  1816. 

Dennis  .siagi;  to  TluHiilon  ICdington.  May,  1848. 

Elisha  Wliittlescv  to  Win.  ami  .lohn  James,  1M8. 

John  Wiltse  to  Jacob  and  Silas  Wiltse,  March,  1849. 

Thomas  J.  Dobbins  to  William  A.  Perriu,  September,  1846. 

Wm.Trayiior  to  David  Trumbull,  December,  1847. 

In  Deceml)er,  1846,  Ezra  Holt  deedeil  to  George  s.  Fewlas,  Osmau 
Gunn  and  David  Perriu,  Directors  of  School  District  No.  7. 
Springlield  Township,  a  lot  7ij.\75  feet,  in  the  West  half  of 
the  Southwest  .inartcr  of  Section  89  in  that  Township,  for 
School  purposes. 

May,  184.S.  James  .McKechan  deeded  to  John  Spencer,  Michael 
F.  Hill  and  Levi  Mauley,  Directors  of  School  District  No.  5, 
Spriiigliel<i  Tow  usliip,  a  lot  in  the  Northwest  corner  of  Sec- 
tion 2:6,  said  Township,  for  School  purposes. 

March,  1847.  Dennis  Sage  deeik-d  to  Thomas  Wood  and  Peter 
Holloway,  I>irectors  of  Schotil  District  No.  4,  Springlield,  a 
lot  4x6  rods,  being  part  of  Sage's  farm,  and  donated  for 
School  purposes. 

In  1847,  A.  L.  Willard,  deeded  to  School  District  No.  3,  Spring- 
lield, a  lotsix  rods  sijuare  in  Section  11,  on  the  road  from 
Miami  to  Sylvauia. 

In  March,  1847,  S.  M.  Young  deeded  to  School  District  No.  2, 
Springfield,  one-fourth  acre  of  lanil  in  Section  16  of  said 
Township. 

August,  1847,  Benjamin  Joy  deeded  to  Gardner  Cooper,  Kemiug- 
ton  Cooper  and  John  Bellman,  Directors  of  School  District 
No.  4,  Sylvauia  Township,  a  lot  of  24  sfpiarc  rods,  to  be  free 
so  long  as  used  for  School  purposes. 

EARLY    SETTLERS. 

It  cannot  now  be  learned  definitely  who  was 
the  first  settlor  in  Springfield  Township.  Den- 
nis Sage  was  probably  the  first  or  among  the 
first.  He  settled  in  the  Township  in  182',),  and 
at  the  time  of  his  death  was  the  oldest  living 
pioneer.  He  was  for  several  years  Treasurer 
of  the  Township.  He  was  married  with  Sarah 
(Wood)  Holloway,  widow^  of  Herbert  Hollo- 
way. They  had  four  children,  two  of  whom 
are  living,  viz.:  Ida  (Mrs.  A.  P.  Mann),  and 
Thomas  W.  Sage,  proprietor  of  an  Agricullural 
Store  at  Holland.  JDennis  Sage  died  in  1887, 
aged  93  years. 

Chloe  Lees  was  an  early  settler,  though  it 
appears  she  did  not  purchase  land  till  1844. 
She  had  two  sons,  small  boys,  when  she  came 
to  the  country,  viz:  Edmund  and  Simeon  P. 
Lees.  Peter  Holloway  remembers  distinctly 
that  the  family  lived  in  the  Township  when 
he  came  in  1834;  and  Simeon  P.  Lees  is  au- 
thority for  saying  that  they  were  settlers  as 
early  as  1830.  At  this  date  the  settlers  con- 
sisted of  two  or  three  families.  If  the  Lees 
family  came  in  1830,  Simeon  P.  would  have 
been  but  sis  years  old,  for  he  was  born  in  Win- 
stead,  Connecticut,  August  3,  1824.  He  was 
married  in  Maumee  City,  in  1854,  with  Anna 
M.  CuUmore.  As  a  citizen  and  a  man,  few  are 
more  highly  resjiccted.  He  is  at  present  Treas- 
urer of  the  Township,  and  has  hold  the  office 
some  10  years. 

With  tiie  exception  of  Dennis  Sage,  the  oldest 
resident  pioneer  in  1884  was  Ellison  DeMott, 
who  died  in  the  last  mentioned  year.     His  eon 


876 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Clark  W.  DeMott,  was  noted  as  a  Buccessful 
Bee-keeper  in  Springfield.  He  was  born  in  the 
Township  December  27,  1852,  but  moved  to 
Maryland,  in  1885. 

A]iiong  the  early  settlers  in    this   Townsliip 
was  Peter  Holloway,  from  whom  the  numerous 
family  of'that  name  are  descended.  In  lGG6,three 
brothers  emigrated    from  Somersetshire,  Eng- 
land, to  Boston.     They  were  ship-builders,  and 
built  and  owned  some  of  the  fastest  sailing  Ves- 
sels then  in  the  Colonies.  Subsequently,  one  set- 
tled   in    Charleston,    South    Carolina ;  one    in 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania;  and  Michael,  the 
ancestoi's  of  the  Northern  branch  of  the  Hollo- 
ways,  remained  in   Boston.     Peter    Hollowaj% 
the  first,  a  descendant  of  Michael  of  the    third 
generation,  was  born  in  Dightou,  Massachusetts, 
March  19,  1751  ;  moved  toTauuton,  Massachu- 
setts, about  1782  ;  and  from  Taunton  to  York, 
Livingston  Count}',  New  York,  about  1815.  He 
was  the  inventor  of  a  machine  for  cutting  and 
lieading  nails,  and  engaged  in  the  business  be- 
fore and  for  part  of  the  time  during,  the  Revo- 
lutionary War.     It  is  said  that  he  was  not   in 
sympathy  with  the   Puritan   Fathers,   and  re- 
fused to  ))ay  the  Minister's  tax    in    the    estab- 
lished Church  of  the  Colony  of  Massachusetts 
Baj' ;  whereupon, they  sued  him  and  heallowed 
his  family-  Bible  to  be  sold  for  the  tax.     He  had 
two  brother.s — George,  Captain  of  a   Privateer 
in  the  Colonial  service,  and  William,   Captain 
of  a  Merchant  Vessel.     Peter  died  in  York   in 
1831.  Peter  Holloway,  second  son  of  the  above, 
was  born    in   Dighton,  Massachusetts,  Maj'  21, 
1778;  went  to  Taunton  with  his  father  in  1782; 
and  from  Taunton  to  Canandaigua,  New  York, 
in    1798.     He    was    engaged    in    blacksmith- 
ing  for  the  Indians,  who  were  then  much  more 
numerous  than  the  whites.     He   was    married 
with   Sophia    Seymour,  daughter   of  Ira  Sej'- 
niour,  of  Victor,  New  York,  and  formerly'  (1804) 
High    Sheriff  at    Stock  bridge,    Massachusetts. 
He  removed  to  West  Bloomfield  the  year  of  his 
marriage,  where  he  was  engaged    in   farming, 
kept  a  hotel  and  carried  on  blacksmithing.  He 
volunteered  in  the  Cavahy  service  in  the  War 
of  1812-15,  got  into  Buffalo  when  the  Town  was 
burning  and  the  British  shijjping  just  leaving 
port.     At  the  close  of  the  War  he  settled   in 
York,  Livingston  County.     In  1833  he  moved 
with  his  family  to  Maumee,  and  the  year  fol- 
lowing to  the   farm  in    Si)ringfield  Township, 
on  which    Charles   B.  Holloway   now   resides, 
where  he  died  September  1,  1865,  having  spent 
31  3'ears  on  the  farm.     His  family  consisted  of 
five  sons  and  three  daughters— Herbert,    Abi- 
gail, Eliza   S.,    Peter,    Chester   S.,   George  G., 
Mary  Ann  and  Charles  B.;  three  of  whom  are 
now    living,    viz.:      Peter,    Chester     S.,    and 
Charles  B. 

Charles  B.  Holloway  represented  Lucas 
County  in  the  Ohio  Legislature,  1879-81.  He 
was  born  in  York,  Livingston  County,  New 
York,  June  14,  18211;  was  married  with  Nancy 


Ann  Gunn,  daughter  of  Asman  Gunn,  a  pio- 
neer  of  Springfield    Township,    May  3,  1855. 
He  took  prominent  part  in  the  organization  of 
the  militia  of   his    Township.     As  Captain  of 
Company  C,  Fourth  Eegiment    Ohio    Militia, 
he    was  appointed  by   the    Adjutant-General, 
Charles  W.  Hill,  to  take  command  of  the  Regi- 
ment till  the  organization   was  completed.     At 
an  election   in  Monclova  in  August,  1863,  he 
was  chosen    Lieutenant-Colonel    of  the  Regi- 
ment, and  received  his  commission  from  Gov- 
ernor Todd  August  30,  1863.      Mr.  Holloway 
was  active    and  efficient  as  a  member  of  As- 
semblj',  and  gained  great  credit,  especially  for 
the  passage  of  his   Telegraph  bill,  a  measure 
designed  to  afford  relief  from  the  monopoly  of 
the    Western    LTnion    Telegraph  Company  by 
securing  competition  in  the  telegraph  business. 
A  report  of  the  proceedings  in  the  House  says  : 
"The    Holloway    telegraph    bill,     preventing 
Railroad  Companies  from  giving  the  exclusive 
right  of  way  to  any  one  Telegraph  Company, 
came  up  in  the  House  this  afternoon,  and  after 
a  sharp  fight,  was  passed  by  80  j'eas  to  no  nays. 
In  the  authorship  and  enactment  of  the  meas- 
ure, Mr.  Holloway  has  shown  himself  at  once 
an    able,   skillful   and    useful  Representative." 
The   Holloway    homestead,   now    owned  and 
occupied  by  Charles  B.  Holloway,  was  entered 
by  David   Purdun  in  1831,  and  by  him  trans- 
ferred to  John  E.  Hunt,  of  whom  Peter  Hollo- 
way obtained  it  in  1834.     The  present  Peter 
Holloway  resides  on  the  adjoining  farm,  in  the 
edge   of  Monclova   Townshij).     The   land  be- 
longed to  the  State  or  Canal  lands,  which  were 
chiefly  sold    in    1842.     These    lands   extended 
into  Springfield  Township  a  mile  and  a  half 
North  of  the  Monclova  line.     Settlements  were 
considerably  retarded   upon    the   Canal  lands 
prior  to  1842,  the  appraisement  being  too  high 
to  suit  purchasers.     In   1837,    they    were    first 
brougiit  into  market. 

In  1833  David  Trumbull,  ancestor  of  the 
Trumbull  famil}^  of  this  Township,  settled  on 
the  West  half  of  the  Southwest  quarter  of  Sec- 
tion 17 — the  land  on  which  William  O.,  I.  C. 
and  R.  H.  Trumbull  and  A.  S.  Hovey  now 
reside.  Part  of  this  is  the  somewhat  noted 
Cranberry  Farm.  In  October,  1870,  James 
Trumbull,  son  of  David,  picked  from  three  acres 
on  this  farm  400  bushels  of  Cranberries,  which 
were  worth  13.80  per  bushel  in  market,  or 
$500  per  acre  for  the  crop.  They  were  picked 
ujjon  shares  (one-fifth),  250  pickers  being  on 
the  ground  at  one  time.  His  son,  Rufus  H. 
Trumbull,  has  raised  as  many  as  1,600  bushels 
of  these  berries  in  one  season,  and  in  1887  had 
12  acres  in  this  crop. 

William  O.  and  Rufus  H.  Trumbull,  grand- 
sons of  the  original  settler,  were  Soldiers  in  the 
Union  army  during  the  War  of  the  Rebellion. 

Harrison  Wood,  a  son  of  Thomas  and  Ma- 
tilda Wood,  came  with  his  parents  to  Spring- 
field, from  Orleans  County, New  York, in  1835. 


SPRINGFIELD  TOWNSHIP. 


877 


Mr.  Wood  served  in  the  War  of  the  Rohel- 
lioii  in  Coinjumy  A,  Fourteenth  l\ei;iment  O. 
V.  I.,  and  was  wounded  at  Tallalionia,  Teiiii. 
Mr.  Wood  is  a  merchant  at  llolland  anil  Clerli 
of  the  Townslii]>  of  vS])rinntield.  Perry,  an- 
other son  of  Thomas  and  Matilda  Wood,  was 
born  in  Gene.see  Count}',  New  York,  Mai-ch  27, 
1824,  and  came  to  this  Township  with  his  pa- 
rents.    He  has  served  as  Justice  of  the  Peace. 

The  first  Mill  in  the  Township  projier  \^  as 
hiiilt  by  John  Gnagy  on  Wolf  Ci'eek,  in  1884. 
John  Walter  built  a  Saw-mill  on  Swan 
Creek  in  the  Southeast  part  of  the  Townshij) 
in  1836. 

The  following  were  residents  of  the  Town- 
ship prior  to  1834  :  Bingham  D.  Abbott,  Jacob 
Falk,  Jacob  Gnagy,  Isaac  Silvers,  John  Walter, 
William  Beals,  Abraham  Walter.  John  Birch- 
field,  David  Purdon.  Philander  Noble,  John 
Struyer,  James  K.  Ford.William  Berry,  Lorenzo 
Abbott,  John  Cummins,  Herrick  A.  Rew,  Pat- 
rick Flynn,  Ellison  DeMott,  John  Wiltse, 
William  VanHorn,  James  Dean,  David  Trum- 
bull, Jeremiah  Kimball,  Dennis  Sage,  James  S. 
Kitchell,  Joseph  Divine,  Samiiel  Divine,  Linas 
Frost,  Chloe  Lees,  Selah  Divine,  Jonathan  Bar- 
low, John  Divine,  Willard  Barnes.  All  these 
are  dead  or  removed  from  the  Township,  ex 
cept  John  Straycr,  who  resides  in  that  part  of 
Springfield  set  off  to  Monclova  in  1853.  (See 
Monclova.) 

ORGANIZATION    OF    THE    TOWNSHIP. 

In  accordance  with  the  act  of  the  Board  of 
County  Commissioners,  erecting  the  Township 
of  Springfield,  the  first  election  for  civil  officers 
was  held  at  the  house  of  William  Ford,  Octo- 
ber 8,  1836.  James  Egnew,  Thomas  Wood  and 
John  Birchfield  were  chosen  Trustees ;  Peter 
Holloway,  Clerk;  John  Wiltse,  Treasurer; 
William  Ford,  Constable  ;  John  Birchfield  and 
John  Spencer,  Justices  of  the  Peace. 

March  5,  1838,  the  Trustees,  James  Egnew, 
John  Birchfield  and  Patrick  Flynn,  settled 
with  the  Supervisors  of  Highways.  No  charges 
were  made  for  services.  The  following  were 
the  Supervisors  of  the  respective  districts  : 
No.  1 — Wiley  Hamilton  ;  No.  2 — Ephraim  M. 
Parks;  No.  3--Henry  Dilgart;  No.  4 — John 
Spencer;  No.  5 — Samuel  l3eMott ;  No.  6 — 
Lewis  Rumsey  ;  No.  7 — James  Dean;  No.  8 — 
James  Egnew. 

April  2,  1838,  the  electors  of  the  Township 
held  their  annual  election  at  the  house  of 
Samuel  Divine.  James  Egnew,  John  Birch- 
field and  Patrick  FIj'nn  were  Judges;  and 
Josiah  Cress}'^  and  Lewis  Eumsey,  Clerks.  The 
following  officers  were  elected:  Peter  Hollo- 
way,  Township  Clerk  ;  James  Dean  and  Lewis 
Rumse}-,  Trustees;  John  Wiltst^,  Treasurer; 
Thomas  Wood  and  Linas  Frost,  Constables; 
Dennis  Sage  and  l)avid  Trumbull,  Overseers  of 
the  Poor;  John  Wiltse,  Wiley  Hamilton  and 
James  Egnew, Fence  Viewers;  Samuel  Divine, 


Selah  Divine  and  Lewis  Rumsey,  Srhool  In- 
sjieetors  ;  Solomon  Salisbui'y,  John  Hirehfielil, 
Samu(d  Hivine,  John  Si)eneer,  Samuel  Jav, 
John  Wiltse  and  Jlason  Hobbins,  Supervisors 
of  Highways. 

The  Road  tax  for  the  Township,  in  183S,  was 
?;).38  and  the  Poor  tax,  $5.10. 

Februarj'  2,  183!),  John  Wiltse  vva.s  ajjpoint- 
ed  School  Director  for.  District  No.  2,  vice 
Hiram  Wiltse,  removed  out  of  the  Disti-iet. 

In  1836,  the  l(dlo\viiig  School  Districts  were 
set  off  in  the  Township:  No.  1 — ('oininonc- 
ing  at  the  Northwest  corner  of  the  Townshi|i 
on  Section  six,  and  composed  of  the  fijl lowing 
sections:  7,  18,19,30,31,32,  2tt.  20,  17,  H,  5 
and  three-fourths  of  sections  4,  9,  IG  and  21, 
and  the  whole  of  section  28.  No.  2-  Com- 
posed of  Sections  22  and  15,  with  the  addition 
of  the  quarter  parts  of  Sections  16  and  21. 
No.  3— Composed  of  Sections  1,  12,  14,  11,  2, 
10  and  3,  with  the  East  quarter  of  Sections  4 
and  7i. 

One  of  the  earliest  roads  laid  out  in  the 
Township  was  "  the  old  County  Road,"  run- 
ning from  Lewis  Rumsey's  to  the  five-mile 
tree.  A  petition  was  presented  by  Josiah 
Cressj'  and  others  to  the  Board  of  County 
Commissioners,  March  7,  1837,  praying  for  the 
alteration  of  this  road  so  as  to  discontinue  it 
from  Josiah  Rumsey's  West  to  the  house  of 
Dennis  Sage,  making  it  intersect  the  road  lead- 
ing to  the  Maumee  at  the  nearest  point,  and 
there  terminate.  It  was  ordered,  that  the  road 
be  so  changed,  and  the  Board  appointed 
Thomas  Leaming,  Hezeliiah  Hubbell,  Jarvis 
Gilbert  aud  Mason  Dobbin,  as  Viewers;  and 
Ei'astus  Briggs,  Surveyor,  "  to  appe;ir  at  the 
commencement  of  said  route  on  the  2d  Mon- 
day in  April  and  proceed  to  disc.iargo  the 
duties  required  of  them  by  law." 

February  6,  1838,  the  County  apjirojirialed 
$140  to  rebuild  the  bridge  across  Swan  (Jreek, 
near  Jacob  Gnag}''s  in  Springfield  Township, 
which  had  been  swept  away  by  the  freshet. 

TOWNSHIP  OFFICERS,  1836—1887. 

Clerks— Peter  Holloway,  1.S36-40;  Josiah  Cressv, 
1840;  Samuel  Divine,  1S41-44;  Anthony  L.  Willard, 
1844-4r>;  Herbert  Holloway,  IS4li;  Selah  Divnie.  1.S47; 
Hiiani  Wilt.se,  1848;  Selah  Diyine,  1849-5'.';  Charle.s 
B.  Hulloway,  1852-.')4;  Selah  Diyine,  18.54;  Charles 
B.  Holloway,  18.55;  H.  H.  G.  Smith.  lS.5li;  P!iil.>  Hall, 
1857;  Charles  B.  Holloway,  18.58;  Hiram  Wiltse, 
1.8,59;  Daniel  P.  Brown,  18()();  Charles  B.  Holloway, 
181)1  ;  E.  L.  Woo<l,  l.S(il';  Joseph  Walker,  1803;  S.W. 
Clark,  18(;4-()6;  Joseph  Walker,  18(i(;-(i8;  Herbert 
Hulloway,  1.S68;  George  W.  Holloway,  18119-72;  Har- 
rison Wood,  187'_';  Cieorgo  W.  Hcjlloway,  187.'!-75  ; 
A.  W.  Files,  1875;  Harrison  Wood,  1876-84;  Kiilph 
McNees,  1884;  David  McNces,  1885;  Harrison  Wood, 
188(i-S7. 

Tkea.sukicr— .lolin  Wiltse,  1836-39;  Lewis  Rumsey, 
1839;  Wiley  Hanulton,  1840;  A.  U.  Hamilton,  1841  ; 
John  Birclilield,  1.84'J;  Dennis  Sage,  1.S43-45;  John 
Birehlield,  1845-47;  Dennis  Sage,  1,847-50;  Solomon 
Salisbury,  18.50;  Dennis  Sage,  1851;  Solomon  Salis- 
bury, 1852 ;  Dennis  Sage,  1853  ;  S.  D.  Wilcox,  1854-56 ; 


878 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


John  Burdo,  185G;  Robert  Clark,  1857;  Dennis  Sage, 
1S58-G0;  James  Trumbull,  1860;  Robert  Lees,  1861; 
George  Wilbur,  1862-65;  Tlieron  Hamilton,  1865; 
Joshua  Birchtield,  1866-69;  Simon  P.  Lees,  1869-73; 
George  W.  Hollowav,  1873-76;  Patrick  Dowling, 
1876-78  ;  David  Bay  lis,  1878;  Simeon  P.  Lees,  1879-84  ; 
George  W.  Holloway,  1885-87;  Simeon  P.  Lees,  1887. 
Trustees  — 1836— James  Egnew,  John  Birchfield, 
Thomas  Wood.  1837 — James  Egnew,  John  Birch- 
field,  Patrick  Flynn.  1838 — James  Egnew,  Lewis 
Rumsey,  James  Dean.  1839 — Alfred  Hamilton,  James 
Dean,  jfohn  Patten.  1840— Alfred  Hamilton,  Thomas 
Bull,  John  Patten.  1841-John  Birchfield,  John 
Patten,  Herbert  Holloway.  1842— Herbert  Holloway, 
John  Patten,  William  Price.  1843— Herbert  Holloway, 
William  Price,  Osman  Gunn.  1844— Osman  Gunn, 
Harvey  Kellogg,  James  Dean.  1845— Harvey  Kellogg, 
Solomon  Salisbury,  Jacob  Gnagy.  1846 — Jacob 
Gnagy,  Solomon  Salisbury,  Ezra  Holt.  1847- T.  J. 
Dobbin.  Michael  Debolt,  John  Straver.  1848 -John 
Taylor,  Michael  Debolt,  Thomas  J.'Dobbin.  1849— 
John  Taylor,  James  Dean,  Michael  Debolt.  1850 — 
John  Taylor,  James  Dean,  Joseph  Roop.  1851 — 
James  M.  Sangston,  George  Wilbur,  O.  C.  Wilson. 
1852— James  M.  Sangston,  George  Wilbur,  O.  C. 
Wilson.  1853— James  M.  Sangston,  Thomas  Wood, 
Joseph  G.  Cass.  1854-0.  C.  Wilson,  Jarvis  Gilbert, 
James  Dean.  185.5 — Jarvis  Gilbert,  ().  C.  Wilson, 
Hiram  Wiltse.  1856— G.  W.  Norton,  J.  M.  Sangston, 
George  Wilbur.  1857 — George  Wilbur,  Thomas  Ham- 
ilton, Jacob  Corsen.  1858— George  Wilbur,  Thomas 
Wood,  L.  R.  Jerome.  1859— Thomas  Wood,  George 
Wilbur,  Samuel  Jay.  I860— Josiah  Cressy,  Hiram 
Hamilton,  Dennis  Sage.  1861— Theron  Hamilton, 
John  Burdo.  1862— Theroji  Hamillon.  L.  R. 
Jerome,  James  Jay.  1863— Charles  B.  Hollo- 
way, L.  R.  Jerome,  James  Trumbull.     lS64-rCharles 

B.  Holloway,  Perry  Wood,   J.   W.   Jerome.     1865— 

C.  B.  Holloway,  J.  VV.  Jerome,  Perry  Wood.  1866— 
C.  B.  Holloway,  Edwin  Hamiltoni  Hiram  Wiltse. 
1867— C.  B.  Holloway.  Edwin  Hamilton,  N.  B.  Mc- 
Nutt.  1868-9— James  Goodrich,  Samuel  Rudd,  Patrick 
Dowling.  1870— Patrick  Dowling,  M.  S.  Hubbell, 
William  Waterburv.  1871 -M.  S.  Hubbell,  William 
Waterbury,  Coleman  J.  Cowell.  -1872— M.  S.  Hub- 
bell, Wm.  O.  Trumbull,  C.  J.  Cowell.  1873-4— M.  S. 
Hubbell,  J.  R.  Barbour,  W.  J.  Cressy.  1875— J.  B. 
GrifBn,  C.  J.  Cowell,  Robert  Erwin.  1876— M.  S. 
Hubbell,  Thomas  Wilkinson,  Albert  Dean.  1877-Wm. 
O.  Trumbull,  Thos.  Wilkinson,  Albert  Dean.  1878— 
H.  W.  Case,  Thos.  Wilkinson,  F.  S.  Hall.  1879— F.  S. 
Hall,  M.  S.  Hubbell,  Frederick  Hecht.  1880-Fred- 
erick  Hecht,  J.  R.  Barbour,  R.  M.  Trumbull.  1881— 
M.  S.  Hubbell,  James  Barbour,  John  Shean.  1882— 
William  Scott,  N.  B.  McNutt,  Frederick  Hecht. 
1883— N.  B.  McNutt,  W.  IL  Scott,  James  Wood. 
1884— C.  J.  Cowell,  8.  J.  Cothrel,  A.  K.  Rumsey. 
1885-C.  F.  Hecht,  Patrick  Delany,  Henry  Davis. 
1886 — Joseph  Champion,  Wm.  0.  Trumbull,  Cyrenius 
Hecht. 

Justices  cf  the  Peace— 1836— John  Birchfield, 
John  Spencer.  1842— Harvey  Kellogg,  Samuel  Di- 
vine. 1846  — Harvey  Kellogg,  Samuel  Divine.  1850— 
Peter  Holloway.  1852— Samuel  Divine.  1853- Harvey 
Kellogg.  1855— Benjamin  F.  Cunningham.  1860— 
Hiram  Wiltse.  1861— Levi  Manley.  1863— Hiram 
Wiltse.  1864— James  Trumbull.  1866— Perrv  Wood. 
1867— James  Trumbull.  1869-75- Perrv  Wood.  1875— 
Levi  Manley.  1878-81 -S.  D.  Wilcox.  "1879-82— Perry 
Wood.  1884-87— A.  W.  Files.  1882-85— Ruf us  H. 
Trumbull. 

TAX-PAYERS,    1838. 

Following  is  a  list  of  residents  of  Spriugfield, 
who  were  assessed  for  jiersonal  taxes  in  1838: 


HOHSES   AND   CATTLE. 


Barnes,  Matthew. 
Badgfieid,  John. 
Cressy,  Josiah. 
Demott,  Samuel. 
Deniott,  Ellison. 
Divine,  Sally. 
Divine,  Samuel. 
Dilgart,  Henry. 
Drake,  Hiram. 
Dean,  James. 
Egnew,  James. 
Flinn,  Patrick. 
Frost,  Lewis. 
Gunn,  Osmond.    • 
Hill,  Merchant. 
Hannuond,  James. 
Hubbell,  Burnham. 
Hamilton,  Wiley. 
Holloway,  Peter. 
Holloway,  Halbert. 
Hold,  Ezra. 

Walter 
*Also  taxed  on  merch; 


Jeanes,  Thomas. 
Gnagy,  Jacob. 
Kimball,  Ephraim.* 
Kellogg,  Harvey. 
Kinney,  A,sa. 
Lewis,  George  C.- 
McMillan,  William. 
Mahon,  Patrick. 
Martin,  Patrick. 
Porter,  John. 
Preston,  David. 
Preston,  John. 
Preston,  Ira. 
Ramsey,  Lewis. 
Salsbury,  Samuel. 
Sage,  Dennis. 
Smith,  Peter. 
Trumbull,  David. 
Wood,  Thomas. 
Wiltse,  John. 
Walters,  Al)ram. 
Abrani,  .Jr. 

ant's  capital,  $200. 


MILITIA    ROLL,    1844. 

Following  is  a  copy  of  "Rank  Roll  of  ()hi() 
Militia  of  Springfield  Township,  as  returned  by 
Michael  DeBolt^  As.sessor,  June  4,  1S44." 


NAME    AND    AGE. 


Ezra  Holt,  37. 
Eli  Merritt,  40. 
Calvin  Trumbull,  32. 
Thomas  Dobbin,  40. 
John  Patten,  25. 
James  M.  Felt,  33. 
Joseph  Debolt,  22. 
Edward  Lees,  21. 
Matthew  Bvrns,  .36. 
Patrick  Park,  36. 
Levi  Manley,  27. 
Jacob  Gnaggy,  37. 
Lucius  Carpenter,  40. 
John  Burdo.  31. 
Chester  Holloway,  20. 
James  Dean,  43. 
Samuel  Divine,  35. 
Andrew  Patten,  30. 
John  Patten,  35. 
William  Flvnn,  23. 
Michael  Walters,  21. 
Martin  Walter,  26. 
Phihp  Coder,  22. 
John  Taylor,  26. 
Peter  Bateman,  27. 


C.  M.  Drummond,  22. 
James  Truud.)ull,  30. 
Wilber  Trumbull,  22. 
Jo.siah  Cressv,  .37. 
Josiah  L.  Hi'll,  27. 
Daniel  Divine,  30. 
Michael  Debolt,  21. 
Patrick  Lenehan,  3L 
George  Hubbell,  23. 
Selah  Divine.  .3-5. 
Silas  Wiltse,  24. 
Jacob  Fulk,  26. 
Abraham  Van  \\'ert, 
Thomas  French,  26. 
Alfred  Rumsey,  27. 
Herbert  Hollowav,  38. 
Anthony  L.  Wilfard,  24. 
Bartholomew  Mahony,  43. 
Edward  M.  Martin,  23. 
Michael  Stover,  30. 
Solomon  Salisbury,  43. 
John  Strayer,  33. 
Warren  B.  Gunn,  23. 
Osman  Gunn,  44. 
Peter  S.  Bell,  30. 


31. 


Churches— The  Free  Methodist  Church  at 
Holland  was  erected  in  1870.  It  is  a  substan- 
tial brick  structure.  The  first  minister  who 
preached  the  doctrines  of  this  Church  in  the 
vicinit}-  was  Eev.  L.  T.  Fink.  His  preaching 
was  attended  by  a  noted  revival.  The  Green 
School-house  was  at  first  occupied  for  services, 
and  then  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church, 
prior  to  the  erection  of  their  own  Church  edifice. 

The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  of  Spring- 
field is  located  one  mile  Southwest  of  Holland, 
on  part  of  the  ground  originally  laid  out  by 
tlie  Township  Trustees  for  a  Cemetery.  The 
Church  was  built  by  Thomas  Wood,  who  raised 
the  subscription  and  erected  the  building.     It 


SWANTON  TOWNSHIP. 


879 


was  dodicatcd  in  1859.  Tlio  first  meetings 
were  held  in  Tlionias  Wood's  Tavern,  and  snb- 
sequentlyin  tbe  "  Red  School- liousc,"  as  it  was 
then  called.  Ijcwis  Eumsey  was  one  ol'  the 
first  Class-Leaders.  He  died  in  1845.  Among 
the  old  meniliers,  living  and  deceased,  may  lie 
named  Alf'ied  Ramsey,  Thomas  Wood  and 
wife,  Matilda  (deceased),  Mrs.  Sarah  Sage 
(deceased),  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Barnet  Miller  (now 
living  in  Toledo).  James  Jay  was  a  C'lass 
Leader  from  1859  till  his  death  "in  1885. 

Schools — The  Township  contains  five  Sub- 
Districts,  each  has  a  substantial  brick  School- 
house.  The  whole  |3opulation  of  the  Townsliij) 
is  about  800.  No.  of  persons  of  school  age — 
males,  111  ;  females,  104;  1  colored;  total,  21(j. 
Board  of  Education  in  1887— A.  W.  Files; 
James  Dean,  G.  W.  HoUoway,  Joseph  Cham- 
pion, John  Hartzf'elt. 

In  1881,  the  amount  apportioned  to  each 
district  for  Summer  Schools  was  $280  ;  total  for 
all  the  districts  except  No.  1,  $1,400.  The  ag- 
gregate ajjportionment  for  Winter  Schools  was 
$1,818.33. 

HOLLAND. 

The  Village  of  Holland  is  near  the  center  of 
the  Township.     The  plat  on  the  North  side  of 


the  Main  Street  was  maile  by  Robert  Clark, 
March  14,  18(j:!.  Hall's  first  a'nd  second  Sub- 
Divisions  constitute  that  jiarl  of  tlie  plat  which 
lies  South  of  the  Railroad.  The  \'ill;ige  in 
1887  contained  three  stores — those  of  Harrison 
Wood,  Milan  I'erkiiis,  ami  T.  W.  Sage  iV  Co. — 
the  latter  agricultural  imjilements.  Tlieiv  is 
onetJhurch  (Free  Methodist),  a  School-house,  a 
Blacksmith  Shop  and  Hotel.  The  Village  was 
originally  called  Hardy,  hut  was  changed  to 
Holland  in  181)7. 

The  Postofttce,  when  the  mail  was  carried 
by  stage,  was  kept  by  James  Dean,  at  his  hotel 
on  the  Toledo  Plank  Road,  three  miles  West 
of  Holland.  IJubcrt  Clark  was  afterwards 
Postmaster,  and  Thomas  Wood  ke])l  the  office 
for  a  time  at  his  hotel.  Since  its  estal)iish- 
ment  at  Holland,  the  Postmasters  have  been 
Thomas  Dunn,  A.  W.  Files,  K.  J.  Potter,  G.  W. 
Corson  and  John  Walker. 

A  local  Union  of  the  Women's  Christian 
Temperance  Union  was  organized  at  Holland 
July  31,  1881,  with  Mrs.  S.  A.  llovey  as  Pres- 
ident; Mrs.  D.  Bayless,  Treasurer;  Mrs.  Kliza 
J.  Walker,  Secretary;  Vice  Presidents — Mrs.  S. 
D.  Wilcox,  Mrs.  G.  W.  Corson,  Miss  Fllen 
Cressy. 


SWANTON    TOWNSHIP. 


The  pi-esent  Township  of  Swanton  bore  the 
name  of  Wing  from  1836  until  1851,  the  first 
election  under  the  new  name  being  helrl  April 
7tli  of  the  last  named  year. 

EARLY    SETTLERS. 

Wm.  Allraan  settled  in  the  Township  in 
October,  1834.  He  came  from  Pennsylvania 
and  settled  on  Southwest  quarter  and  South 
half  of  Northwest  quarter  of  Section  29.  He 
had  three  sons  and  two  daughters.  He  sold 
out  in  1860,  and  located  at  Centerville,  Fulton 
County,  where  his  wife  died  in  18C9,  and  he  in 
1873.  He  was  a  verj'  quiet  man  and  uni- 
versally respected.  C.  C.  Allman,  the  elder 
son  of  William,  for  some  years  in  Fulton 
County,  went  to  Iowa,  and  ilied  there  some 
eight  years  ago.  A  J.  Allman,  another  son, 
was  in  mercantile  busine.ss  at  Centerville,  then 
ill  Delta,  Fulton  County.  Subsequently  he 
removed  to  Toledo,  and  died  there  in  188G. 
Daniel  Allman  was  married  with  Elizabeth 
Broadsword,  and  still  lives  in  the  Township, 
owning  a  part  of  his  father's  old  farm,  and 
some  40  acres  in  Section  6.  He  has  one  son, 
Junius;  and  one  daughter,  Addie.  Daniel,  like 
his  father,  enjoys  the  respect  of  all.  Agnes, 
the  elder  daughter,  was  married  with  a  Mr. 
Wright,  who  has  been  dead  some  years.  She 
has  one  daughter,  with  whom  she  now  lives  in 
Wauseon.    Sarah  was  married  with  John  Burts, 


lived  near  Whitehouse  several  3'ears,  and  then 
moved  to  Missouri. 

William  Barnes  came  to  the  Maumee  Valley 
in  1823,  and  into  Swanton  in  the  Spritig  of 
1834;  removed  to  Illinois  in  1838  ;  returne(l  in 
1853;  renioved  to  Spencer  Township  a  few 
years  later,  where  he  resided  until  his  death, 
January  8,  1879,  aged  71.  His  wife  died  No- 
vember  25, 1881.  They  left  10  living  children 
—  ti  sons  and  4  daughters.  Harriet  (Smith), 
James  and  Charles,  still  live  in  Spencer;  John, 
Ashbel  and  one  daughter  in  Michigan ;  one 
daughter  (Mrs.  McNutt)  in  Minnesota;  one 
daughter  was  married  with  a  son  of  Thos. 
vSabin.  Mr.  Barnes  was  a  kind,  genial,  u]>right 
citizen  ;  always  ready  for  a  harmless  joke. 
His  children  in  these  respects  follow  his  exam- 
ple. The  wivesof  Chandler  Wing,  David  Mills 
and  W.  D.  Herrick,  and  Aunt  Sarah  Marsh  of 
Swanton,  Fulton  County,  were  sisters  of  Mr. 
Barnes. 

Thomas  Doren  came  into  the  Township  about 
1844,  and  located  on  Section  33.  He  died  some 
years  since.  He  had  a  family  of  seven  sons  and 
six  daughters.  John  and  Isaac  are  still  in  the 
Township. 

Jacob  Brindle}-  lame  to  Swanton  in  the 
S|iring  of  1841.  He  settled  on  the  Northeast 
quarter  of  the  Northeast  quarter  of  Section  ti. 
He  came  from  Wurtemburg  in  1838.  He  was 
married  with  Miss  Langenderfer  in  the  Fall  of 


880 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


1840  ;  she  coming  from  Prussia  io  1838.  They 
have  seven  living  children — one  son  and  six 
daughters,  all  married  ;  having  lost  two  sons 
and  two  daughters. 

Peter  Broadsword  came  in  1839  ;  settled  on 
South  half  of  Southeast  quarter  of  Section  20. 
He  left  the  Townsbiij  in  1854. 

Henry  Kizer  settled  in  Swanton  in  1853, 
Southwest  quarter  of  Southwest  quarter  Section 
21,  and  West  half  Northwest  quarter  Section 
28.  He  died  in  April,  1874.  His  wife  died  in 
August,  1882.  Three  daughters  now  living — 
Nancy  Jane,  wife  of  J.  Fraker  of  Delta; 
Susanna,  wife  of  Mr.  Huffine;  and  Eliza  J., 
wife  of  John  Shaffer,  now  on  Kizer's  old  farm. 
Era.stus  Brown  came  in  the  Spring  of  1853, 
and  settled  on  Northeast  quarter  of  Section  7. 
He  was  horn  near  Milan,  Ohio.  He  purchased 
of  Jesse  Tyler  and  P.  E.  Kirtland,  the  East 
halfof  theold  Huntington  Larabee  place,  on 
which  was  the  first  Tavern  in  the  Township — 
a  rude  log  structure.  Mr.  Brown  died  in  May, 
1884,  from  accidental  injuries.  Mrs.  Brown, 
with  one  son  (Oscar)  and  two  daughters,  are 
still  in  the  Township;  one  son  (Charles  W.)  iu 
Swanton  Village;  the  oldest  daughter  (Mrs. 
John  Cowling),  in  Monclova ;  and  thej'oungcst 
daughter  (Mrs.  Daniel  J.  Beard),  in  Toledo. 

David  S.  Harriott  came  in  February,  1835; 
settled  on  the  Northwest  quarter  of  Northwest 
quarter  of  Section  5  ;  had  several  children,  the 
eldest  son  dying  in  the  Union  Army.  Two 
sons  are  living — Edwin  in  Spencer,  a  daugh- 
ter in  Metaniora,  Fulton  County.  Mr.  Harriott 
died  in  July,  1809,  aged  about  67  years. 

James  Egnew  came  about  1840,  and  settled 
on  the  East  halfof  Southeast  quarter  of  Section 
6,  where  he  remained  until  his  death,  October 
19,  1882,  aged  84.  He  lost  his  wife  soon  after 
settling  here,  and  was  left  with  a  large  family. 
He  remarried  and  had  10  children  by  a  second 
wife — four  sons  and  six  daughters.  One  .son 
was  killed  in  the  assault  on  Fort  Wagner,  S.  C, 
in  July,  1863.  One  son  in  Toledo,  and  seven 
daughters  are  still  living.  Physically,  he  was 
a  strong  man,  and  was  an  obliging  neighbor. 

Benoni  T.  Geer  came  to  Swanton,  in  the 
Spring  of  1853,  and  commenced  the  practice  of 
the  law.  He  lias  six  sons  and  three  daughters. 
The  oldest  son  (Frank  B.)  taught  School  some 
years,  is  now  (1888)  Deputy  Sheriff.  Another 
son  (W.  W.)  and  daughter  (Laura)  have  been 
School  Teachers  for  some  years.  Mr.  Geer  is 
a  sound  lawyer,  a  public-S]iirited  citizen,  and 
has  been  a  2)i"ominent  Republican  since  1854. 
His  sister,  Betsey  Ann  Geer,  came  to  Swanton 
about  the  same  time,  and  made  her  home  with 
him.  She  followed  teaching  for  some  years, 
and  was  married  with  W.  H.  Lacy,  who  died 
February,  1869.  Another  sister,  Eliza,  came 
soon  after  and  made  her  home  with  him 
until  married  with  Herman  Thompson,  in  1873. 
She  died  in  January,  1875.   A  brother,  Wakeley 


Geer,  was  with  him  for  some  years,  and  died  in 
the  Fall  of  1860. 

Wm.  D.  Herrick  came  to  Swanton  in  1834  ; 
first  .settled  on  the  West  half  of  Southeast 
quarter  of  Section  6  ;  and  afterwards  on  the 
North  half  of  Southwest  quarter  of  Section  7, 
where  he  erected  and  kept  a  public  house  the 
most  of  the  time  until  1869.  His  first  wife  died 
before  1840,  and  he  was  remarried  within  a 
short  time.  For  a  few  jears  he  worked  at  the 
trade  of  a  Blacksmith,  a  part  of  the  time.  Later 
he  manufactured  barrels.  About  1860  he  pur- 
chased a  stock  of  goods  and  kept  a  country 
store.  In  many  respects  he  was  a  genial  utkI 
accommodating  neighbor.  By  his  first  wife  he 
had  two  daughters.  The  elder  (Amanda)  was 
married  with  Frederick  S.  Allen,  who  died  in 
1863,  from  the  effects  of  a  fall,  caused  by  the 
giving  way  of  a  scaffolding  used  in  erecting  an 
Elevator  building  in  Toledo.  The  younger 
daughter  (Armarilla)  was  mai'ried  with  A.  B. 
Wales.  Both  now  reside  in  Toledo.  W.  D.  • 
Herrick  died  in  February,  1869.  His  wife 
(Laura)  died  in  March,  1888. 

Wm.  Houser  was  the  keeper  of  the  second 
public  house,  from  the  spring  of  1836,  and  lived 
in  Spencer  a  number  of  years  before  his  death, 
which  occurred  in  1854.  His  wife  (Caroline 
Carlin),  was  born  in  Monroe,  Michigan  ;  came 
with  her  father  (James  Carlin)  to  Maumee  in 
1810;  and  died  in  August,  1887,  age  80.  She 
was  universally-  respected. 

Frederick  E.  Kirtland  came  to  Swanton  in 
1846,  and  kept  the  house  built  by  Mailing. 
He  was  an  enei'getic  business  man,  and  a  re- 
spected citizen,  dying  in  1853.  His  wife  visited 
friends  in  New  England,  and  died  there  a  few 
months  later.  Mr.  Kirtland  was  supposed  to 
have  a  promise  from  the  Railroad  officials  to 
locate  the  Station  of  the  Air  Line  Road  one  mile 
East  of  the  West  line  of  the  Township;  and  it 
is  thought  had  he  lived  it  would  have  been  so 
located.  In  such  case,  Swanton  Village  would 
have  been  in  Swanton  Township. 

David  Mills  was  one  of  the  settlers  of  1834, 
on  East  half  of  Southwest  quarter  of  Section  7. 
He  was  on  the  River  at  Waterville  and  Maumoc 
several  j'ears  previous.  He  was  married  with 
Asena  Barnes;  had  12  children,  eight  boys  and 
four  girls  ;  four  boys  and  two  girls  now  living. 
Four  of  bis  sons— Robert,  Willard  D.,  Wm.  S,, 
and  Jefferson  C. — were  in  the  Union  Army. 
Robert  (in  100th  Ohio  Infantry)  died  from 
hardshij)s  endured  while  a  jjrisoner  at  Belle 
Isle,  Virginia.  Jefferson  (38th  Ohio),  and 
Wm.  S.  (130th  Ohio)  have  since  died  from 
disease  contracted  in  the  service.  Willard  D. 
is  now  in  Fremont,  Ohio.  The  older  son 
(Arthur)  died  some  2  or  3  j-ears  since  in  Ful 
ton  County.  Oscar  F.  and  B.  Franklin  live  in 
Swanton.  James  is  in  Wood  County.  The 
youngest  daughter  (Mrs.  Reed)  resides  in  Delta. 
David   Mills    kept  a   public    house,    built   by 


S WANTON  TOWNSHIP. 


S81 


Huntiiigton  Lavaboe,  for  soiiio  years  in  carl}' 
tinus.  Ho  at'Ceptablj-  tillcil  various  offices  of 
the  Townshi]),  and  was  wiiiely  known  when 
the  emintr}'  was  new.  Mrs.  Alills  was  an  ener- 
i^etic,  useful  woman, always  read^-  to  help  those 
in  need.  She  died  in  March,  lSS2,the  luisband 
following  her  in  April,  188H. 

Andrew  Hegonold  settled  in  the  Township 
in  1<S44,  on  South  half  of  Northeast  quarter 
Section  (>,  bought  of  Thos.  S.  Sabin.  He  was 
(lernian  born  ;  has  .seven  living  children — three 
sons  and  four  daughters. 

Philo  B.  Scott  came  to  the  Township  in 
April,  1S35,  and  settled  on  the  Southeast  quar- 
ter of  Section  5.  He  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  and  came  to  Painesvilie,  Lake 
County,  in  1807,  with  his  father.  He  was 
married  with  Emelia  Brown,  step-daughter  of 
(ien.  Edward  Paine,  for  whom  that  place  was 
named.  With  a  brother-in  law,  Henry  H. 
Brown,  he  removed  to  Fairfield,  Huron  County, 
1819  or '20  ;  from  there  to  Thompson  Town- 
ship, Seneca  County,  iu  1826;  and  thence 
to  Swanton.  He  had  10  children,  of  whom 
there  are  now  living — Wm.  A.,  Charles  J.  and 
Eufus  C.  A  man  of  pronounced  opinions,  and 
expressed  them  fearlessl}-.  He  was  a  Whig  up 
to  1854,  and  then  a  Eepublican.  He  was  Su- 
perintendent of  the  Lucas  Count}-  Infirmary 
from  March,  1845,  to  March,  1848.  With  Jer- 
emiah Stutts,  he  built  ten  miles  of  the  Toledo 
and  Angola  Plank  Road,  from  Swanton  to  near 
Holland,  in  1850  51:5.  His  father  (Joel  Scott) 
and  an  older  brother  (Eufus),  came  to  Swanton 
with  him  in  1835.  Both  died  the  following 
Fall,  and  wei"e  the  first  interred  in  Swanton 
Cemeter}',  on  Section  8.  Soon  after  coming  to 
this  State,  Joel  Scott  put  up,  at  Painesvilie,  the 
first  Flouring  and  Saw  Mills  in  Northern  Ohio. 
He  made  the  gearing  of  wood  ;  took  the  stone 
from  the  quarrj-  and  dressed  them  for  the  Grist- 
mill. P.  B.  Scott's  brother  Chester,  and  sister 
Persis,  came  to  Swanton  in  1838  or  '39,  and 
lived  with  him  until  their  death.  The  latter 
died  in  January,  1861,  aged  62  ;  and  the  former 
in  August,  1868,  aged  78.  His  wife  (Emelia) 
died  in  April,  1865,  aged  58,  and  he  in  April, 
1874,  aged  73 — all  dying  on  the  old  homestead. 

W.  A.  Scott  was  born  August  21, 1823.  Came 
to  Swanton  with  his  father  in  April,  1835 ; 
commenced  the  study  of  medicine  in  1844,  the 
most  of  the  time  with  Dr.  Calvin  Smith,  of  To- 
ledo; attended  medical  lectures  at  the  Medical 
Department  of  the  Western  Reserve  University, 
Cleveland  ;  taught  several  terms  of  School — 
two  of  which  were  in  Toledo,  while  studying  ;' 
was  Phjsician  for  the  Lucas  County  Infirmary 
15  months;  and  served  as  clerk  in  Thomas 
Daniels's  Drug  Store,  Toledo,  one  year;  and 
practiced  medicine  for  a  few  months  at  Vienna, 
Michigan.  In  April,  1850,  he  was  married  with 
Eleanor  Johnson,  and  started  with  his  brother 
Charles  J.  and  others  for  California,  by  the 
overland  route;  returned  um  Panama  and  New 


York,  in  December,  1852.  He  had  some  rough 
experiences,  quite  different  from  crossing 
the  continent  by  rail.  With  his  brcilhcr 
(Charles  J.)  he  purchased  the  greater  part  of 
the  Northwest  ipiarter  of  Section  8,  inSwanlon  ; 
made  over  the  building  put  up  by  Luther 
Dodge  for  a  store  and  residence,  and  got  into 
it  in  the  Spring  of  1853,  where  ho  has  resi<led 
and  pi-acticcd  his  profession  until  the  present 
time,  save  an  absence  of  about  five  years.  He 
has  had  five  childrei\ — threedaughtersand  two 
sons.  The  daughters  are  deceased.  The  elder 
son,  Wm.  A.,  Jr.,  is  in  Swanton,  Fulton  County, 
and  the  younger  one  at  home. 

Charles  J.  Scott  was  l>orn  October,  1827,  in 
Seneca  County,  Ohio.  Came  with  his  father 
(P.B.Scott)  to  Swanton  in  1835;  went  to 
Californiii  in  1S50,  and  returned  in  December, 
1852;  in  1855  went  to  Minnesotaaud  remained 
three  or  four  years,  and  then  returned.  He 
was  in  the  Union  Armj'  about  one  year;  was 
married  with  Eliza  Ann  Cowling,  daughter  of 
James  Egnew,  in  18(17,  and  has  tlireesons.  In 
November,  1886,  he  removed  to  Kansas. 

Rufus  C.  Scott  was  born  in  March,  1845,  in 
Lucas  County.  In  August,  1862,  he  enlistt'd 
in  the  Ohio  Infimtry,  and  served  to  the  close 
of  the  War.  In  March,  1867,  he  was  married 
with  Harriet  Rogers.  He  has  three  children — 
two  sons  and  a  daughter.  He  now  is  on  P.  15. 
Scott's  old  farm. 

Ira  Wilcox  came  to  Swanton  about  1S4<I; 
peddled  clocks  for  some  years;  located  on  the 
West  half  of  the  Southwest  quarter  of  Section 
7;  was  married  with  David  Mills's  oldest  daugh- 
ter ;  had  three  children.  One  son,  George, 
was  killed  while  serving  in  the  100th  Ohio  In- 
lantry,  during  the  Rebellion.  William  D.  lives 
on  a  part  of  his  father's  old  place,  and  is  an 
energetic  and  prominent  citizen  of  the  Town- 
ship. A  daughter  (Cornelia),  with  her  hus- 
band (Wm.  Maby),  lives  on  a  jiart  of  her 
father's  farm,     Ira  Wilcox  died  about  1858. 

Ezra  Wilcox  came  about  1838  or '39,  anil  fol- 
lowed peddling  clocks  for  some  3'ears.  He  pui-- 
chased  and  built  on  the  East  half  of  Southwest 
quarter  of  Section  8.  After  the  death  of  his 
brother  Ira,  he  was  married  wMth  the  widow, 
and  had  one  son  (Ed.),  who,  with  his  mother 
are  in  Swanton,  Fulton  County.  The  father 
died  about  1865. 

Following  is  a  list  of   other  early  settlers  of 
Swanton,  with  the  date  and  location  of  settle- 
ment : 
18:i-l.  Chandler  L.  Wing,   West  half  S  K  qr.  Sec.  7. 

Hiram  P.  Barlow,  West  half  S  W  qr.  Sec.  7. 

David  Purdun,  Northeast  i|r.  Sec.  7. 

Edward  Flint,  Southwest  qr.  S  W  qr.  Sec.  1. 

Harvey  S.  Flint,  East  half  S  E  qr.  Sec.  4. 

Wm.  J.  Ketchani,  Northwest  qr.  S  Wqr.  Sec.  4. 

Amos  Loop,  Northea.st  qr.  S  E  qr.  Sec.  (i. 

David  Clute,  West  half  Nortliwest  qr.  Sec.  7. 

Nelson  Merrell,  West  part  West  half  Sec.  32. 

Abraham  Shepler,  North  half  N  W  qr.  Sec.  29. 

Minor  Septom,  Northeast  qr.  S  E  qr.  Sec.  19. 

John  Lee,  East  part  Northwest  qr.  Sec.  '.V2. 


882 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


l,S8(i. 

18;?7. 


1838. 


183'J. 
1840. 


1834.  Auios  Reynolds,  South  half  S  W  qr.  Sec.  4. 

1835.  Thomas  S.  Sabin,  South  half  N  E  qr.  See.  6. 
Daniel  S.  Westcott,  N  VV  qr.  N.  W.  half  Sec.  3. 
Jonathan  Wing  (brother  of  Chandler). 
James  Lindsley  (Bachelor),  died  1870. 
Lyman  Parcher,  S  W  qr.  N  E  qr.  Sec.  9  ;  (put  up 

log  house,  but  did  not  occupy  it). 
Geo.  Robinson.  Southwest  qr.  Sec.  18. 
Isaac  Cooper,  S  W  qr  S  W  qr.  Sec.  21. 
James  Williams  (Blacksmith),    part  East  half 

N  E  qr.  Sec.  7,  S  Range. 
Huntington  Larabee,  (left  March,  '3t«). 
Asa  Beal,  N  W  qr.  S  E  qr.  Sec.  0.    (Loop  place.) 

AfFalter,  (married  Dolly  Ray). 

Ray  (old  Herrick  place). 

Charles  and  John  Eccles. 

Lewis  L.  Gage,  W  half  N  E  qr.  Sec.  20.  (left  '16.) 

Luther  Dodge,  left  about  1842. 

Bass,  (Blacksmith). 

James  McKay,  West  half  N  E  qr.  Sec.  20. 
Herman  Curtis  and  D.   Lyman  bought  of   A. 

Shepler;  Curtis  remained  short  time. 
E.  Fairchild  (died  in  1.H44  or  '4-5). 
James  O'Neil,  We.st  half  S  E  qr.  Sec.  5. 
Robert  FuUerton,  part  N  Eqr.  Sec.  8.   (Died  in 

1840.) 
Enos  Birch  ;  went  to  Indiana ;  in  Union  Army  ; 

<lied  of  wounds. 
Jerry  Sluts,  N  half  S  W  qr.  Sec.  20. 
Philo"  Carter,  East  half  N  W  qr.  Sec.  10. 
Dennis  Liueham,  East  half  N  W  qr.  Sec.   36; 

died  in  Sjiencer  in  1S84. 

Haley  (very  tall),  E  half  N  W  qr.  Sec.  (>. 

1.S41.  John  Shepler,  West  part  Sec.  32;  died  recently. 

1842.  Matthew  White,  S  E  qr.  S  E  qr.  Sec.  19. 
Geo.  and  Sam.  Cable,  Northwest  qr.  Sec.  30 
Haryey  Kimber,  Sec.  33 ;  to  California  in 

and  died  there. 
James  Manning,  (built  Geer  House). 
James  Linehan,   N  W  qr.  N  E  qr.  Sec.  6 ; 

1880. 

1843.  Geo.  and  John  Kelso,  N  E  qr.  S  E  qr.  Sec.  6. 

1844.  Wm.  Pray,  S  W  qr.  Sec.  28;  left  in  1846. 
John  Reuben  ;  removed  in  1847. 

184."i. Bucks,  part  East  half  Sec.  8;  left  18.56. 

Anson  A.  Streator  :  kept  log  tavern. 

A.  Deck,  Southwest  qr.  Sec.  6. 

Robert  Moore,  lived  on  West  half  N  E  qr. 

Augustus  F.  Hull;  kept  Herrick's  tavern. 

1846.  Jesse  Tyler,  N  E  qr.  Sec.  7 ;  left  in  1853. 
.      David  T.  Marriott;  removed  1848. 

Francis  H.  l^ickinson.on  W  half  N  Eqr.  Sec 
Daniel  Weed,  in  the  Township  short  time. 
Samuel  Kelso,  with  other  Kelsos. 

1847.  Peter  Bird,  East  part  S  W  qr.  Sec.  20 ;  died  1870. 
1S4,S.  Zebina  Bathric.  S  AV  qr.  S  E  qr.  Sec,  4;  died  of 

cholera  in  18.54. 

1851.  Ludwig  Schaffer,  N  E  qr.  N  W  qr.  Sec.  5. 
John  W.  Harter;  went  to  Iowa. 

1852.  Burr  and  Fred.  S.  Allen,  E  half  N  E  qr.  Sec.  8; 

Burr  and  wife  now  living  near  Delta. 
D.  F.  Clawson,  E  half  E  half ;  died  in  '81  ;  son 

(David  W.)  still  on  the  place. 
J.  Hartzell,  S  half  S  E  qr.  Sec.  5 ;  now  living  in 

Monclova. 
Carlos  M.  Keith ;  owned  several  parcels 

aboat  1860;  now  in  Toledo. 
Miles  Hayes,  E  half  S  W  (jr.  Sec.  7 ;  die 
.  years  since  at  Ai. 

1853.  Geo.  Russell ;  he  and  wife  died  in  Swan  Creek 

Town.ship,  Fulton  County,  1879. 
Thos.  Russell,  S  E  qr.  S  W"qr.  Sec 

and  three  daughters  still  there. 
Wm.  Drayton;  left  about  18ti2. 
Geo.  Girdham,  W  half  S  W  qr.  Sec.  20; 
John  G.  Wales,  on  part  N_E  qr.  Sec. 

Swanton  Village. 


'49, 


lied 


20. 


left 


lew 


1 ;  one  son 

still  there. 
7 ;  now  in 


18.54, 


1 856. 


1857 


1859. 
1860. 


Cyrus  Livermore,  left  1862;  died  1885. 
James  Newell ;  there  two  or  three  years. 
James  Mullen,  N  half  S  E  qr.  Sec.  5;  left  1^.55. 
John  H.  Brown,  N  E  qr.  S  Eqr.  Sec.  6;  left '18.55. 
John  White;  soon  went  to  Fulton  Countv. 
Dr.  R.  H.  Hoyt ;  lelt  about  1859. 
Nathan  Jones,  left  18.56. 
Levi  Roscoe,  N  W  qr.  Sec.  17;  left  in  18.55. 
James  C.  Wales,  N  E  qr.  N  E  qr.  Sec.  19;  died 

at  Whitehouse,  in  1883. 
Daniel  Wicks,  S  E  qr.  N  E  qr.  Sec.  5 ;  died  in 

1879;  widow  and  son  there. 
John   Atkinson,   part   E  half  Sec.   8;  died  in 

June,  1878. 
Thos.  Hewlett ;  left  in  1862. 
Melchior  Schlatter,  part  W  half  E  half  N  W  qr. 

Sec.  6. 
W.  H.  Lucy ;  died  February  16,  1869. 
M.  J.  Esterly,  N  E  qr.  S  E  qr.  Sec.  6. 
S.  Rogers,  part  E  half  N  W  qr.  Sec.  8. 
J.  C.  Sherwood,  E  half  S  W  qr.  Sec.  7. 
S.  D.  Rearick,  60  acres  N  half  N  W  qr.  Sec.  4. 
Jacob  Hertzig,  West  half  East  half  Sec.  17. 

BEGINNINGS. 


The  first  house  built  in  Swaaton  Townslii]) 
was  of  logs  and  as  a  residence  for  Chandler  L. 
Wing.  It  \vas  constructed  in  the  S2)riug  of 
1834,  and  was  located  on  the  West  l)ank  of 
Swan  Oi-eek,  and  on  the  East  half  of  the  South- 
east quarter  of  Section  8. 

The  first  frame  house  in  the  Township  con- 
sisted of  the  dwelling  and  store  of  Luther 
Dodge,  on  the  East  hank  of  Swan  Creek,  and 
on  the  Northeast  quarter  Section  5,  near  the 
junction  of  the  Northeast  and  Northwest 
branches  of  that  stream.     This  was  in  1837. 

The  first  frame  barn   was  put  uj)  hj-  Lewis 

Gale,  lor Pray,  of  Waterville,  in  1840.    It 

was  on  the  Southeast  corner  of  the  Northwest 
quarter  of  Southeast  quarter  of  Section  29. 

The  first  frame  building  for  a  dwelling,  ex- 
clusivel}',  was  that  of  William  Allman,  built  in 
1840,  near  the  Northeast  corner  of  the  North- 
west quarter  of  Section  29. 

The  first  Road  opened  in  Swanton  Township 
was  what  is  now  known  as  the  State  Roacl, 
running  from  Maumee  to  the  Town  of  Swan- 
ton, and  on  to  the  State  line.  It  was  located 
in  December,  1835,  P.  B.  Scott  being  one  of  the 
Viewers  appointed  for  that  purpose. 

The  first  bridge  was  across  Swan  Creek  and 
on  the  State  Road,  and  was  built  during  the 
Winter  of  1836-37.  It  was  located  25  rods  East 
of  West  line  of  Section  8.  It  was  built  by 
Samuel  Barrett. 

The  first  attempt  at  fruit  growing  consisted 
of  the  small  orchard  of  P.  B.  Scott,  set  out  in 
the  Spring  of  1835. 

The  first  Blacksmith  Shop  in  Swanton,  was 

that  of  James  Williams;  the  next  by Bass; 

and  the  third  by  W.  D.  Herrick.  The  first  and 
third  were  on  the  lot  now  (1888)  owned  by  B. 
T.  Geer,  and  the  third  on  the  Herrick  place, 
near  Scott's  Corners  (South  end  of  East  half  of 
Northeast  quarter  of  Section  7.)  ' 

The  first  Wagon  Shoji  was  that   of  Chester 


SW ANTON  TOWNSHIP. 


Rfi3 


Scott  ;  the  second  that  of  A.  B.  Wales  ;  and  the 
tliird  of  Jamee  C.  Wales.  The  first  ami  second 
being  located  on  V.  B.  Scott's  farm  (Scott's 
Corners),  and  the  third  on  the  Herrick  place. 

The  first  Saw-Mill  in  the  Township,  was  that 
of  William  Taylor,  built  about  1858,  on  the 
Northeast  corner  of  the  Southeast  ((uarter  of 
the  Southeast  (juarter  of  Section  (J.  Thomas 
Howlctt  and  Robert  Taylor  were  afterwards 
connected  with  it. 

The  first  and  only  Town  plat  within  the 
linuts  of  Swanton,  was  laid  out  in  183G,  b}' 
James  Jackson  and  James  H.  Forsyth, of  Mau- 
mee.  The  plat  was  located  at  the  Southwest 
corner  of  the  Xortliwest  quarter  of  Section  8, 
and  embraced  what  is  now  known  as  Scott's 
Corners.  Nothing  beyond  tlie  platting  ever 
became  of  the  enterju'ise. 

The  first  public  house  or  tavern  within  what 
now  is  Swanton  Township,  was  ke])t  by  Hunt- 
ington Ijai-abee,  as  early  as  1834.  He  left  in 
the  S]jring  of  1836.  The  second  house  was  that 
of  William  Houser,  in  1830.  Thethird,  that  of 
David  Mills,  in  1836-37.  Following  these  were 
A.  A.  Shester,  1845;  Jesse  Tyler,  1846-53  ;  Wm. 
D.  Herrick,  1840-69.  In  1842,  James  Manning 
built  the  house  in  which  B.  T.  Geer  now  lives 
(Scott's  Comers).  Eeuben  Hastings  kept  both 
store  and  tavern  in  1844-46.  F.  E.  Kirtland, 
Wm.  Fullerton  and  others  followed.  At  the 
time  of  the  first  settlement  of  Swanton  Town- 
ship, the  travel  through  it  was  comparatively 
heavy — consisting  maiidj-  of"  movers,"  as  the 
emigrants  from  the  East  to  the  West  were 
called.  The  housing  of  these  and  the  care  of 
their  teams  constituted  the  chief  business  of  the 
large  number  of  small  taverns  found  along  the 
line  of  such  travel.  The  cloth-covered  wagons 
of  the  emigrants  often  indicated  destination. 
Thus,  families  going  to  Southwestern  Michigan 
and  Northern  Indiana,  carried  the  long- 
familiar  sign,  "Bound  for  St.  Jo." 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Among  the  practices  of  former  times  now 
seldom  found,  was  that  of  "  binding  out  "  chil- 
dren. A  case  of  this  kind  is  recorded  in 
Swanton  Township.  In  1844,  Henrv  Knavel, 
guardian  of  William  Notage,  entered  into  con- 
tract with  George  Cui'tis,  whereby  young 
Notage,  then  14  years  ol  age,  was  bound  to 
Curtis  until  his  majority,  "  to  learn  the  trade 
and  occupation  of  a  Farmer."  Notage  was  "  to 
fiiithfully  serve  said  Curtis  and  correctly  de- 
mean himself  during  the  term  of  his  appren- 
ticeship;" while  Curtis  covenanted  to  "teach 
the  said  Notage  the  said  trade  and  occupation, 
and  j)i'0^'ide  him  with  meat,  lodging,  medicine, 
washing,  clothing,  and  all  -other  necessaries 
suitable  for  an  apprentice;  and  send  \\\m.  three 
months  in  a  year  to  School  for  the  first  six 
3'ears  ;  and  at  the  expiration  of  said  term  of 
.service,  will  furnish  him  with  a  new  Bible,  at 
least  two  suits  of  good  new  home-made  wearing 


apparel,  and  one  young  horse  to  be  worlh  fifly 
dollars." 

Another  of  early-time  usages  now  rarely 
met,  was  that  of  '  warning  out  of  Town  "  in- 
comers "  without  visible  moans  of  support,"  the 
object  being  thereby  to  protect  the  tax-pay(^i-s 
from  the  charges  of  such  indigent  visitors. 
Thus,  in  Wing  Townshi]i,  as  early  as  March, 
1842,  we'havo  record  that  the  "  Poor  Mastei's," 
as  Overseers  of  Poor  were  usually  called,  issued 
their  warrant,  directing  the  (Jonst.ible  "  to 
warn  the  Niger  Gurl  Merfey  (meaning  ])ossil)ly 
Negro  Girl  Murphy),  to  depart  the  Township 
forthwith,"  which  order  was  served  "  by  read- 
ing service,"  with  charge  of  25  cents  therefor, 
and  10  cents  for  traveling  fees. 

Previous  to  the  formation  of  i'ulton  (bounty, 
Swanton  was  the  most  central  point  in  Lucas 
County,  and  as  such  was  the  usual  place  for 
holding  jjolitical  conventions  and  other  County 
assemblages. 

For  several  years  after  the  settlement  of 
Swanton,  game  was  quite  abundant.  Deer 
were  numerous,  with  some  Wolves  and  Wild 
Cats,  and  an  occasional  Bear.  Elk  horns  were 
found  in  large  number,  showing  the  former 
presence  of  that  animal.  ALso,  a  few  Moo.se 
horns. 

In  the  Summer  of  1837,  and  for  years  there- 
after, Ottokee,  Chief  of  the  Ottawa  Indians, 
with  a  part  of  his  tribe  lived  on  the  North  half 
of  the  Southeast  quarter  of  Section  5.  He 
owned  the  place,  and  occupied  a  house  thereon. 
It  was  built  by  one  Halford  in  1834  or  '35.  The 
Indians  hunted,  and  sometimes  sold  a  ham  of 
venison  for  25  cents,  and  often  traded  for  veg- 
etables; but  the  most  of  the  trading  in  this 
direction  was  done  by  the  squaws.  Whartlo- 
berries  were  plenty,  and  the  squaws  and  chil- 
dren picked  them.  The  Indians  kept  many 
ponies  and  dogs.  There  were  some  jiatches  of 
ground  in  different  localities,  which  formerly 
had  been  cultivated,  the  crop  raised  probably 
was  corn.  The  Indians  protected  the  graves 
of  their  dead  by  means  of  a  pen  of  logs  similar 
in  shape  to  a  house.  The  Ottawas  were  gen- 
erally honest.  Ottokee  was  a  fine  looking  In- 
dian, and  when  the  ba'ance  of  his  trilie  were 
removed  West,  he  refused  to  go.  He  loved 
whiskey,  as  did  most  of  the  Indians,  and  died 
from  freezing  while  drunk. 

On  the  Northwest  quarter  of  Section  8  (near 
the  original  Swanton),  was  found  a  mound  some 
thi-ee  or  four  rods  across,  and  about  two  feet 
high,  which  was  filled  with  human  bones,  some 
of  which  were  found  but  a  few  years  since — 
probably  the  remains  of  Indians  slain  in  a  fierce 
Indian  battle. 

Near  the  line  between  Sections  5  and  8,  im 
the  West  bank  of  the  Northeast  branch  of  Swan 
Creek,  were  found  in  1835  remains  of  a  stock- 
ade .some  six  or  eight  rods  across.  It  was 
round,  built  by  digging  a  trench  and  settingin 
ujirighl  tiinbei's,  some  ol  which  were  halves  of 


884 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


logs  15  to  18  inches  in  diameter.  As  to  the 
liuilders,  no  record  is  found.  Possibly,  it  was 
built  b}'  a  detachment  of  "Mad  Anthony's" 
men,  in  1794,  or  by  Americans  or  British, 
during  the  War  of  1812-15. 

The  soil  of  the  Township  is  sandy;  tliat  of 
the  Northwestern  portion  being  mixed  with 
clay,  the  latter  being  better  soil  than  the  most 
of  the  balance.  The  timber  in  the  North- 
western portion  was  White  and  Burr  Oak,  Elm, 
with  some  Sj'camore,  Hickory,  Black  Walnut, 
AVIiitcwood,  Sassafrass  and  Soft  Maple.  The 
timber  of  the  balance  ofthe  Township  is  mostly 
White,  Yellow  and  Pine  Oak.  The  Township  is 
drained  by  Swan  Creek  and  its  branches.  The 
Creek  bottoms  and  much  of  the  jn-airies  were 
formerly  covered  with  water  in  the  Spring  and 
early  Summer;  while  the  Creeks,  having  mud 
bottoms,  with  serious  obstructions  from  logs, 
etc.,  were  the  source  of  great  extent  of  malarial 
diseases,  which  seriously  affected  the  early  de- 
velopment of  the  Township.  But  since  the 
Northeast  branch,  heading  in  a  prairie  in 
Spencer,  was  improved  in  ISSl,  malarial  sick- 
ness has  nearlj'  disappeared,  and  the  Township 
comparatively  free  from  malignant  diseases. 

SCHOOLS. 

Swanton  was  not  behind  other  localities  in 
the  provision  of  educational  facilities  for  the 
young,  although  these  new  seem  meagre,  as  do 
like  means  in  the  cases  of  most  early  settle- 
ments. The  first  School-house  was  built  in 
1835  in  the  Northwest  quarter  of  the  South- 
west quarter  of  Section  four.  It  was  a  rude 
structure,  of  logs.  It  was  seated  with  long 
benches  made  of  slabs,  supported  by  wooden 
]iins  for  legs.  Along  each  side  was  a  desk, 
made  of  rough  boards,  in  front  of  which  was  a 
long  bench,  as  before  described.  The  room 
was  heated  with  an  open  fire-place,  capacious 
enough  for  large  logs  of  wood. 

The  first  School  was  taught  by  Daniel  S. 
Westcott,  for  a  few  weeks,  during  the  Winter 
of  1835  36.  That  gentleman  subsequently 
was  Surveyor  of  Lucas  Count}'. 

Mrs. Chamberlain    taught    a    School 

during  the  same  Winter  in  a  house  built  by 
Willard  Barnes,  on  the  North  bank  of  the 
Northwest  branch  of  Swan  Creek,  in  the  East 
half  of  the  Nortwest  quarter  of  Section  7, 
where  she  and  her  husband  then  lived. 

The  subsequent  Teachers  of  this  School,  so 
far  as  the  record  supplies  their  names,  have 
been  as  ioUows :  1839-41,  Samuel  Durgin ; 
1841-42,  Fred.  Curtis;  1842,  Persis  Scott;  1843, 
Mary  S.  Crosby;  1843-4,  Morris  Curtis;  1844, 
Caroline  Wood  ;  1844-5,  Lemuel  Johiuson  ; 
1845-6,  Harvey  McCoy;  1846,  Wm.  Lewis. 
This  School  was  held  lor  most  of  three  years, 
in  a  log-houso  built  by  Charles  and  John 
Eckels  lor  a  shop,  while  putting  up  a  Saw  Mill 
frame  for  Jackson  &  Forsyth  and  Luther 
Dodge  joint  dwelling  and  store,  in  1837. 


During  the  Winter  of  1836-37,  a  second 
School  was  held  in  a  log-house  West  of  the 
Township  line  and  a  few  rods  South  of  the 
East  and  West  center  of  Section  7  (near  Scott's 
Corners)  ;  such  School  for  most  of  that  time 
having  been  taught  by  Mrs.  Chamberlain.  In 
the  Winter  of  1838-39,  Peter  Holloway,  now  of 
Monclova,  was  Teacher  of  this  School. 

Subsequent  Teachers  in  this  District  were  as 
follows:  1839-43,  Samuel  Durgin;  1S41.42, 
Fred.  Curtis;  1843-44,  Morris  Curtis;  1844  45, 
Lemuel  Johnson ;  1852-53,  Lizzie  Emery ; 
1853-54,  Miss  M.  H.  Earl,  Mrs.  Eleanor  J.  Scott 
and  W.  A.  Scott ;  1854-55,  Nathan  Jones ; 
1855  56,  Jonah  Brewster;  1856,  Mary  E.  Dur- 
gain;  1857,  Cynthia  Curtis;  1858,  Marv  Merrill  ; 
1859-60,  B.  A.  Geer,  Cynthia  Curtis'  1861,  C. 
J.  Hunt,  Cynthia  Curtis;  1861-2,  Jesse  Kerr, 
S.  Mills;  1862-63,  Eliza  E.  Scott,  C.  B.  Wood, 
B.  A.  Geer;  1863-64, B.  A.  Geer;  1865,  Mary  J. 
Taylor,  Eliza  B.  Scott,  B.  A.  Geer  ;  1866,  E.  E. 
Scott ;  1866-67,  B.  A.  Geer,  B.  E.  Scott ;  1867- 
68,  B.  A.  Lacy;  1868-69,  B.  A.  Lacy,  Maggie 
Emery;  1869-70,  Maggie  Emery,  A.  Warren, 
Addie  Bennett. 

The  first  School-house  in  what  is  now  Dis- 
trict No.  2,  was  built  about  1837  by  William 
AUman,  Abi'abam  Shepler  and  Jacob  Yount, 
who  hired  and  paid  the  first  Teacher  (Carl  C. 
AUman)  for  the  two  winter  terms  of  1837-8, 
and  18.38-9,  at  $10  per  month. 

Subsequent  Teachers  of  the  School  were  paid  in 
part  with  public  money,  and  in  part  b}"  volun- 
tary subscriptions  of  citizens;  and  after  the 
establishment  of  the  present  School  system, 
wholly  with  public  money. 

The  following  named  persons  taught  in  this 
District  at  the  dates  stated,  viz:  1840-41, 
Cyrus  H.  Coy  (now  of  Toledo);  1841-42,  Moses 
Sargent ;   1842-43,  Peter  Van  Blackham  ;  18-13- 

44,  Isaac  J.  Spinger  (now  of  Wauseon) ;   1844- 

45,  Ozeke  Merrill  (now  of  Ai)  ;  1845  47,  Samuel 
Johnson  (now  of  Des  Moines,  Iowa);  1853—4, 
Anna  Carter;  1855,  Anna  Trowbridge;  1856, 
Sarah  E.  Gardner  ;  1857,  Jesse  Norton,  Maria 
Nort:  1857-8,  Matilda  Matterson;  1858-9,  K. 
P.  Bailey;  1859,  Pamela  Lefly,  H.  E.  Geer"; 
1859-60,  R.  C.  Quiggle,  Sopha'P.  Thompson, 
Armenia  Quiggle;  1860-61,  J.  W.  Shaffer; 
1861-62,  J.  W.  Bissell,  Cynthia  Curtis,  Frances 
Bennett,  Maria  Haynes ;  1863,  Maria  Haynes, 
Louisa  Winslow,  H.  C.  Norton;  1864,  R.  H. 
Calkins,  Addie  Bennett;  1865,  Sarah  Gillett, 
Marv  Nobbs;  1866,  M.  S.  Nobbs ;  1866-67, 
John  Shaffer;  1867-68,  R.  H.  Calkins,  Maggie 
Emery  ;  1868-69,  R.  H.  Calkins,  Anna  Rich- 
ardson ;   1870,  Ira  Hanam,  Anna    Richardson. 

Sub-District  No.  3,  was  organized  in  the 
Spring  of  1862.  The  contract  for  the  School- 
hou,se  was  let  to  Fred  S.  Allen,  May  17,  1862, 
and  was  completed  in  December,  following. 

The  first  Teacher  in  this  District  was  Eliza- 
beth Russell,  who  taught  during  the  winter  of 
1862-63,  and  until  the  Spring  of  1864;  1864  (at 


S WANTON  TOWNSHIP. 


Sgr) 


$8  per  month),  S.  H.  Smith  ;  1864-65,  Virginia 
M.  Bows,  Norana  Owen  ;  18(]5-(i(),  Julia  Eboi-l3-, 
Abbie  M.  Coggsvvell ;  18()(i  (h,  B.  M.  Bur^e, 
Cjnithia  Curtis;  IStw-GS,  Margaret  A.  Saxton, 
E.  E.  Scott;  lS68-(;9,  Wintieid  Scott,  Josepliine 
Parks;  18(i9-70,  Orville  J.  Hatch,  Maggie 
Emery. 

Sub-District  No.  4  was  organized  in  1867,  the 
first  Teacher  having  been  Clara  M.  Norton,  in 
1867  and  186S.  She  was  followed  b}*  Mar\-  J. 
Norton  in  1868;  Addie  Bennett,  in  the  Winter 
of  1868-69;  W.  S.  Mills  in  187(1;  and  Flora 
Carter  in  1S70. 

School-houses  are  now  (1888)  located  in  the 
several  Di-stricts  of  Swanton  Township  as 
follows  : 

District  No.  1.  Near  corners  Sections  5,  (i,  7, 
and  8. 

District  No.  2.  On  line  between  Sections  29, 
and  32,  and  North  and  South  center  line. 

District  No.  3.     Near  corners  of  Sections  3, 

4,  9,  and  10. 

District  No.  4.     Near  corners  of  Sections  17, 

18,  19,  and  20. 

District  No.  5.     Corner   of  Sections    15,   16, 

19,  and  20. 

The  Township  Board  of  Education  was  con- 
stituted as  follows  for  the  years  stated,  to  wit: 

1S54.  W.  A.  Scott,  James  Newell. 

1855.  C.  M.  Keith,  James  Newell. 

ISoG.  B.  T.  Geer,  J.  C.  Wales. 
1857-59.     W.  D.  Herick,  J.  C.  Wales. 

18(i0.  Erastus  Brown,  J.  C.  Wales. 

1861.  J.  C.  Wales,  J.  G.    Wales. 

1862.  J.  C.  Wales,  J.  G.   Wales,  G.  N.  Gardner. 
18(33.  J.  G.  Wales.  Dan.  Allman,  G.  N.  Gardner. 

1864.  W.  A.  Scott,  John  Down,  O.  F.  Mills. 

1865.  W.  A.  Scott,  D.  Allman,  S.  D.  Rearick. 

1866.  W.  A.  Scott,  John  Down,  F.  S.  Allen. 

1867.  B.  T.  Geer,  J.  E.  Hatch,  F.  S.  Allen,  Parley 
Parks. 

1868.  B.  T.  Geer,  D.  Allman,  F.  S.  Allen,  W.  S. 
Mills. 

1869.  E.  F.  Gibbs,  D.  Allman,  J.  H.   Besson,    W. 

5.  Mills. 

1S7().  E.  F.  Gibbs,  Henry  Kizer,  J.  E.  Barnes,  J. 
W.  Parker. 

1871.  E.  F.  Gibbs,  D.  Allman,  J.  E.  Barnes,  Wm. 
Beriy. 

1S72.  Lucius  Horner,  D.  Allman,  L.  Russell, 
Wm.  Berry. 

1873.  Lucius  Horner,  D.  Allman,  L.  Russell, 
Martin  V.  Morse. 

1874.  .lohn  Wagner,  Aaron  Jewell,  L.  Russell, 
W.  A.  Parker. 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICERS. 

The  first  election  in  Wing  (now  Swanton) 
Township,  was  held  April  4,  1836,  when  David 
Clute,  Huntington  Larabee  and  Philo  B.  Scott 
acted  as  Judges,  and  Harry  S.  Flint  and  liussell 
Tavernor  as  <Jlerks.  The  election  was  for 
Township  officers  solely,  the  following  named 
persons  having  been  chosen  :  Trustees — Hunt- 
ington Larabee,  James  Lindsley,  Willard 
Barnes.  Overseers  of  Poor — Edward  Flint, 
Wni.  Houser.  Fence  Viewers — David  S.  Har- 
riott, Wm.  Houser,  Edward  Flint.     Treasurer 


— David  Mills,  Constables — David  Mills,  Rus- 
sell Tavernor.  Supei-visorsof Highways — Wm. 
Houser,  Wm.  J.  Kelcliam.     (Merk — Thomas  S. 

Saliin. 

Other  Township  otlieers  were  chosen  as 
follows: 

7'rmiees.-1H?,7.  David  Mills,  Aaron  H.  Cole,  Eli 
Munson.  18:^8.  Wm.  D.  llerrick,  Lutlier  Dodge, 
Philo  B.  Sc.tt.  is:-,!),  Wm.  D.  Hcrrick,  1".  I!.  Scoll, 
David  Mills.  IStd,  Rulierl  Kullerton.  Daviil  .Mills, 
Philu  Carter.  1841,  Elias  Faircluld,  Itobert  Euller- 
ton,  David  Mills.  I,S4l',  KliusFain  hild,  .lanii-s  Dean, 
James  Egnew.  1843,  .James  ICgnew,  Wm.  Allman, 
Asa  Beals.  1844,  Win.  Allman,  T.  .'^.  Sabin,  ."^iiuoii 
Bartley.  l,S4o,  Harvey  Kimber,  .lames  I'^irnew,  Keu- 
lien  Hastings.  1846, 'Wm.  Allman,  Jumc.'i  Ks;m<-w, 
Ira  WiUux.  1847,  Reuben  Hastings,  Peter  1!.  Bate- 
man,  James  Lindsley.  1848,  W.  I).  Herrick,  Jaiiies 
Egnew,  Jeremiah  Slutts. 

Ckrh.—lKi7-il,  Thos.  S.  Sabin.  l,S42-44,  Lewis 
L.  Gale.  1845,  A.  F.  Hull.  184i>,  Wm.  K.  Prav.  1847- 
49,  Ezra  Wilcox,  Zebina  Bathrick.  1849-50,  Ini  Wil- 
cox. 1850,  Ezra  Wilcox.  1851-54,  Daniel  Allman. 
1854-55,  John  G.  Wales. 

The  poll-book  for  Ai)ril,  1846,  contained  the 
names  of  the  following  persons  as  then  voting: 
Philo  Carter,  David  Harriot,  W.  D.  Merri(dc, 
Seth  Sweatland,  George  Kelso,  John  Kelso, 
Zebina  Bathrick,  Weaver  Sheplar,  Robert  Ful- 
lerton,  Ezra  Wilcox,  James  Doran,  John  Shep- 
lar, Jacob  Yonts,  Lewis  L.  Gale,  A.  A.  Streator, 
Ira  W^ilcox,  H.  N.  Cooper,  James  Egnew, 
Harvey  Kimber,  Jeremiah  Slutts,  Wm.  Allman, 
R.  Hastings,  Wm.  K.  Pray,  A.  F.  Hull,  Chester 
Scott. 

Following  is  a  list  of  the  Trustees  and  Treas- 
urers of  Wing  and  Swanton  Townships,  sinci' 
the  organization  of  the  former  : 

1836.  Trustees,  Willard  Barnes,  Huntington  La- 
rabee, James  Lindsley.    Treasurer,   David  Mills. 

1837.  Trustees,  David  Mills,  Aaron  H.  Pole,  Eli 
Munson.     Treasurer,  Thos.  S.  Sabin. 

1838.  Trustees,  William  D.  Herrick,  Luther 
Dodge,  Philo  B.  Scott.     Treasurer,  James   Liiulsley 

1839.  Trustees,  Wm.  D.  Herrick,  Pliilo  B.  Scott, 
David  Mills.    Treasurer,  Elias  Faircbilds. 

1840.  Trustees,  Robert  Fullerton,  Daviil  Mills, 
Philo  Carter.     Treasurer,  Elias  Faircbilds. 

1841.  Trustees,  Elias  Faircbilds,  Robert  Fullerton, 
David  Mills.    Treasurer,  Asa  Beal. 

1842.  Tru.stees,  James  Dean,  James  Egnew,  Elias 
Faircbilds.     Treasurer,  Thomas  S.  Sabin. 

1843.  Trustees,  James  Eiinew,  William  Allman, 
Asa  Beal.     Treasurer,  Thomas  S.  ,Sabin. 

1844.  Trustees,  Wm.  Allman,  Thomas  S.  Sabin, 
Simeon  Bartley,  Robert  Kirkwood  (appointed). 
Treasurer,  Robert  Fullerton. 

1845.  Trustees,  Harvey  Kimber,  James  Egnew, 
Reuben  Hastings.     Treasurer,  Robert  Fullerton. 

1846.  Tru.stees,  William  Allman,  .lames  Kgnew, 
Ira  Wilcox.     Treasurer,  Robert  Fullerton. 

1847.  Trustees,  Reuben  Hastings,  Peter  P.  Bate- 
uiau,  James  Lindsley.     Treasurer,  Robert  Fullerton. 

1.848.  Trustees,  Wm.  D.  Herrick,  James  Egnew, 
.Jeremiah  .Streeter.     Tri'asurer,  Uoliert  Fullerton. 

1.S4'.I.  Trustees,  James  Fgnew,  David  Mills,  Jere- 
miah Streator.     Treasurer,  Itobert  Fnlk'rton. 

18.50.  Trustees,  James  ICgnew,  David  Mills,  Jere- 
miab  .Streeter.     Treasurer,  James  IJndsley. 

1851.  Trustees,  James  Egnew,  David  Mills,  Peter 
Broadsword.     Treasurer,  James  Lindsley. 


886 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


1852.  Trustees,  Jeremiah  Streeter,  Wm.  Fuller- 
ton,  Jacob  Brown.     Treasurer,  George  Curtis. 

1853.  Trustees,  James  Egnew,  Wm.  Fullerton,  N. 
B.  Carter.     Ti-easurer,  George  Cui-tis. 

lSo4.     Trustees,  Wm.  Allman,  Burr  Allen,    Philo 

B.  Scott.     Treasurer,  Wm.  D.  Herrick. 

18.").5.  Trustees,  Burr  Allen,  Wm.  Allman,  F.  Rus- 
coe.    Treasurer,  Wm.  D.  Herrick. 

185().  Trustees,  Philo  B.  Scott,  Wm.  Allman, 
David  Mills.    Treasurer,  Wm.  D.  Herrick. 

IS.'jT.  Trustees,  Wm.  Allman,  Abraham  Deck, 
Wm.  Fullerton.    Treasurer,  Wm.  D.  Herrick. 

l,s.)S.  Trustees,  Wm.  Allman,  Wm.  Fullerton, 
Abraham  Deck.     Treasurer,  Wm.  D.  Herrick. 

1S59.  Trustees,  Jacob  Brown,  George  Russell, 
IVter  Bird.    Treasurer,  Wm.  D.  Herrick. 

1800.  Trustees,  Jacob  Brown,  James  C.  Wales, 
Jacob  Brindley.     Treasurer,  Thomas  Howlett. 

1861.    Trustees,  James  Egnew,  Oscar  Mills,  James 

C.  Wales.     Treasurer,  Thomas  Howdett. 

181)2.  Trustees,  P>astus  Brown,  Andrew  Rege- 
nakl,  Henry  Kizer.     Treasurer,  W.  A.  Scott. 

1SG3.  Trustees,  Jacob  BrowE,  James  Pegdon, 
Thomas  Russell.     Treasurer,  W.  A.  Scott. 

1864.  Trustees,  Jacob  Brown,  Daniel  Allman, 
W.  A.  Scott.    Treasurer,  Wm.  D.  Herrick. 

186-5.  Trustees,  Jacob  Brown,  Daniel  Allman, 
W.  A.  Scott.    Treasurer,  Wm.  D.  Herrick. 

1866.  Trustees,  Erastus  Brown,  Marvin  Mosher, 
Oscar  F.  Mills.    Treasurer,  W.  A.  Scott. 

1867.  Trustees,  Oscar  F.  Mills,  Marvin  Mosher, 
Jacob  Brown.     Treasurer,  W.  A.  Scott. 

1868.  Trustees,  Marvin  Mosher,  Jacob  Brown, 
Oscar  F.  Mills.     Treasurer,  Urquilla  B.  Wales. 

1869.  Trustees,  Jacob  Brindley,  John  Doren,  H. 
O.  Horner.    Treasurer,  Robert  W.  Taylor. 

1870.  Trustees,  Daniel  Allman,  Thomas  Russell, 
Sebastian  Brown.     Treasurer,  John  H.  Besson. 

1871.  Trustees,  Charles  J.  Scott,  Thomas  Russell, 
George  Girdham.     Treasurer,  John  H.  Lewis. 

1872.  Trustees,  John  H.  Besson,  Andrew  Rege- 
nold,  Lewis  Odell.     Treasurer,  Rouse  Curtis. 

1873.  Trustees,  Andrew  Regenold,  John  H.  Bes- 
son, George  Girdham.     Treasurer,  Lucius  Horner. 

;     1874.    Trustees,  John  H.  Besson,  Andrew   Rege- 
nold, Aaron  Jewell.     Ti-easurer,  Rouse  Curtis. 

1875.  Trustees,  Aaron  Jewell,  Charles  J.  Scott, 
Thomas  Russell.    Treasurer,  Lucius  Horner. 

1876.  Trustees,  Daniel  Allman,  Andrew  Rege- 
nold, Charles  J,  Scott.     Treasurer,  Lucius  Horner. 

1877.  Trustees,  Jacob  Brown,  Lewis  Odell,  John 
Doren.      Treasurer,  Benj.  D.  Angell. 

1878.  Tru.stees,  Lewis  Odell,  John  Doren,  Jacob 
Brown.     Treasurer,  Benj.  D.  Angell. 

1879.  Trustees,  Jacob  Brown,  Amos  S.  Trout, 
Z.  A.  Barker.    Treasurer,  B.  D.  Angell. 

1880.  Trustees,  Samuel  Baker,  Z.  A.  Barker, 
Thomas  Girdham.     Treasurer,  B.  D.  Angell. 

1881.  Trustees,  Thomas  Girdham,  Daniel  Bor- 
duer,  Samuel  Baker.    Treasurer,  B.  D.  Angell. 

1882.  Trustees,  Thomas  Girdham,  John  Doren, 
Samuel  Baker.     Treasurer,  B.  D.  Angell. 

1883.  Trustees.  Samuel  Baker,  J.  B.  Richardson, 
Dwight  Purdy.    Treasurer,  B.  D.  Angell. 

1884.  Trustees,  Dwight  Purdy,  R.  C.  Scott,  Z. 
Sherburne.    Treasurer,  Nelson  Hagerman. 

1885.  Trustees,  Andrew  Bratton,  Leroy  Beecher, 
Thomas  O.  Fretter.     Treasurer,  M.  K.  Lee. 

188i>.  Trustees,  Leroy  Beecher,  3  years;  O.  M. 
Hatch,  2  years ;  Jav  Adams,  1  year.  Treasurer,  M. 
K.  Lee.    " 


1887.  Trustees,  Leroy  Beecher,  0.  M.  Hatch, 
Henry  E.  Brown.  Treasurers,  M.  K.  Lee,  John  H. 
Besson. 

1888.  Trustees,  Leroy  Beecher,  Henry  E.  Brown, 
William  Bird.     Treasurer,  John  H.  Besson. 

Eecord  is  found  of  the  following  named 
persons  serving  as  Township  Clerk  for  the 
years  named : 

1836  to  1842,  Thomas  Stanton  Sabine. 
1842  to  1845,  Lewis  L.  Gale. 

1845  to  1846,  Augustus  F.  Hill. 

April  to  September,   1846,  W.  K.  Pray. 
September  to  November,  1846,  A.  A.  Streator. 

1846  to  1847,  F.  E.  Kirtland. 

1847  to  1848,  and  April,  18,50,  to  Sept.,  1851,  Ezra 
Wilcox. 

1848  to  1849,  Zebina  Bathrick. 

1849  to  1850,  Ira  Wilcox. 
18.50  to  1851,  J.  W.  Harter. 
1851  to  1854,  Daniel  Allman. 
1854  to  1859,  John  G.  Wales. 
1859  to  1862,  Benoni  T.  Geer. 
1862  to  1866,  Harmon  Earner. 
1866  to  1868,  Wm.  St.  Clair  Mills. 
Februarv  to  April,  1868,  Fred.  S.  Allen. 
1868  to  1870,  Wm.  D.  Wilcox. 

1870  to  1876,  Wm.  A.  Scott. 

April  to  September,  1876,  Frank  B.  Geer. 

September,  1876,  to  April,  1878,  Wm.  A.  Scott. 

1883  to  1884,  Daniel  J.  Beard. 

1884  to  1885,  Amos  S.  Trout. 

1885  to  1888,  Wm.  D.  Wilcox. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Justices  of  the  Peace 
for  Wiug  and  Swantou  Townships: 

1835— Chandler  L.  Wing,  P.  B.  Scott. 

1836— David  Mils.  Huntington  Larabee. 

1837— P.  B.  Scott,  Benj.  Fairchiid. 

1839— Luther  Dodge. 

1840— Thos.  S.  Sabin. 

1842— Elias  Fairchiid. 

1844  -P.  B.  Scott. 

1845— Lewis  L.  Gale,  Elias  Fairchiid. 

1846- A.  A.  Streator,  W.  D.  Herrick. 

1848— Philo  Carter. 

1852— John  Shepler,  W.  D.  Herrick. 

18-54 — John  Shepler. 

18.55— W.  D.  Herrick. 

1857— John  G.  Wales. 

1858  -B.  T.  Geer. 

1859— John  G.  Wales. 

1865— John  G.  Wales,  Jesse  E.  Hatch. 

1868— J.  E.  Hatch,  W.  H.  Lucy. 

1869— J.  G.  Wales. 

1871— William  Beery. 

1872 — John  H.  Lewis. 

187.3— Daniel  Allman. 

1874— Wm.  A.  Parker. 

187-5 — John  H.  Lewis,  Geo.  Walters. 

1878 — John  H.  Lewis,  Wm.  Stone. 

1880— Wm.  A.  Scott. 

1881— Jeremiah  E.  Hatch. 

1883— Henry  O.  Zeigler. 

1884— Philo  B.  Adams. 

1886— Wm.  A.  Scott. 

1887— John  H.  Lewis. 


STLVANIA  TOWNSHIP. 


887 


SYLVANIA    TOWNSHIP. 


Sj'lviuiia  Townshii),  No.  9,  of  the  original 
survey,  lies  in  the  Northern  tier  of  Townshijis 
of  Lucas  County.  It  is  bounded  on  the  North 
by  the  State  of  Michigan,  East  by  Washington 
Township,  Wesil  by  Richfield,  and  South  by 
the  Townships  of  Adams,  Springfield  and 
Spencer. 

The  surface  of  the  Township  is  chiefly  roll- 
ing upland,  broken  only  by  the  Ottawa  River 
(Ten-Miie  Creek)  and  its  tributaries,  which 
pass  through  the  Township  in  a  circuitous 
course  from  West  to  East. 

Sj'lvania  was  originally  noted  for  its  fine 
woods  ;  hence  the  name.  The  timber  is  mostly 
gone,  and  well-cultivated  farms  have  taken  the 
place  of  ancient  forests  witli  which  the  early 
settlers  battled  sturdilj'  for  the  thrift  and  inde- 
pendence enjoyed  by  the  present  generation. 

EARLY     SETTLEMENT. 

As  showing  something  of  who  were  the  pio- 
neer settlers  of  thisTownshij),  the  approximate 
dates  of  their  arrival,  and  where  the}-  located 
their  lands  purchased  of  the  Government,  is 
introduced  the  following  record  of  original 
entries  of  land  in  the  Township  of  Sylvania, 
covering  a  period  of  three  or  four  years  from 
the  date  of  the  first  arrival. 

TOWN    NINE,    KASGE   FIVE. 

West  \i  Southwest  a  See.  .3,  David  White  and  Wm.  Wilson,  IS.'iJ; 

80  acres. 
East  14  Southeast  H  Sec.  3,  Havid  White,  183i;  80  acres. 
East  i<  Southwest" 34  ^^^'^  ^    Augustus  Prentice,  1832;  80  acres. 
Southeast  l^  and  Ejust  14  Southwest  >4,  Sec.  3,  John  Leonard- 
sou   .Ir  ,  ISM'J,  340  acres. 
Noiilnn'-t  fnict.  Hi  Sec.  3,  Jaines  Dean.  1832. 
W'l  -t   ' ,,  -iHitliwest  izi"  Sec.  4,  Cornelius  Mercereau,  18.32;  80  acres. 
l-iist  1..  N.iriliiMst  I4  .'"^ec  4.  Silas  Smith,  18.32;  80  acres. 
Ta-i  '..  Snuiliwr-f  1^  Sec.  4.  Erastus  C"orie,  1832;  80  acres. 
W  ,  VI  r.  -iHiiliwc  M  '4  Sec.  4.  Peter  Lewis,  18«;  80  acres. 
Wfsi  .',  Soiitliucvi  1.^  Sec.  5,  Fred.  Loonardsou,  1832;  SOacres. 
Southwest  li  and  East  ^4  Northwest  >4  sec.  5,  Adam  Oordinier, 

1S3J;  240  acres. 
West  i-o  Southwest  a  Sec.  2,  Wm.  Wilkinson,  18:i3,  80  acres. 
East  >$~  Southwest  ii  and  Northwest  14  Southwest  ^  Sec.  3,  John 

Lambert.  l.'-;«;  KiOacres. 
Nortliw est  34  Sec.  3,  Jackson  Hoag,  1833;  ItiO  acres. 
Norlhw  est  J4  Southeast  %  and  Northeast  Ji  Southwest  J4  Sec.  4, 

Silas  Smith.  1833;  lliu  acres. 
Southwest  34  Southeast  14  Sec.  G,  -Vdolphus  Majors,  18;t3;  80  acres. 
West  ).o  S.MitlieasI  '4  Sec.  4,  Lyman  Smith,  18;i3;  fU  acres. 
South  L>>  Southw  est  !-4  See.  4,  Philo  Stevens.  1833;  80  acres. 
East  J^j  Sovuhuest  3-4.  Sec.  5,  Jncob  Harwood.  I8;J3,  80  acres. 
Northwest  irac.  Southwest  J4  See.  4,  Edward  May,  1834. 
Southwest  li  Southeast  34  See.  d,  Abraham  Ritter.  18;j4,  40  acres. 
West  1^0  southwest  '.1  Sec.  i,  i.nos  Beall,   1834;  80  acres. 
Soutlieast  34  Northwest  '-.i  Sec.  ^,  James  P.  Worden,  ;834;  40  acres. 
N.ii  thwest  3j  Southeast  '4  Sec  5,  Robert  D.  Olbey,  18:j4;  40  acres. 
Northwest  34 Southwest  J-4  Sec.  0.  Wm.  Brock,  ltu4;  40  acres. 
Northwest  34  Southeast  h  See.  6,  KusscU  Rowe,  18:M:  40 acres. 
Norlhwesty  Northeast  34  Sec  5,  Jacob  Harwood,  18:34;  .10  acres. 
Norilieast  !4  Sec.  2,  Wm.  McLain.  1834,  IBO  acres. 
Suuthw  est  part  southeast  34  Sec.  5,  Zepheuiah  Shaw,  1834. 
\\  est  '4  Southwest  Irac.  34  Sec.  (i.  Joseph  S.  fabott.  1831. 
Southeast  f4  Southeast  ^  Sec.  0,  Adolphus   Majors  Jr.,  1834,  40 

acres. 
Northwest  34  Southeast  34  Sec.  6,  Isaac  Doty.  1831;  40  acres. 
Southwest  M  Southeast  34  Sec.  ti,  Inuis  Lewis.  1834;  40  acres. 
Part  I  old  survey  I  Sec.  3,  David  White,  1>.  R.  Miller,  18:M 
Northwest  irac-.  34  Sec.  1,  Abner  Rowe,  18;^. 
East  34  Northwest  trac.  Sec,  1,  Wm.  Kilkins,  1&35. 
West  3^  Northwest  Irac.  H  Sec.  2,   Wm.   Prentice,   Marcus  Bald- 

wiu,  18:35. 
Soatheast  34  Section  1,  Sheldon  Lum,  1835;  160 acres. 
Northeast  1-4  Southeast  34  <ind  Northwest  34  Southeast  34  Sec.  6, 
I  Allen  E.  Wilcox,  1835;  80  acres. 

South  )4  Southeast  34  Sec.  ti,  Samuel  Flemming,   1835;  80  acres. 
57 


West  y>   .Northeast  34  and  Southeast  J^  .Nortliwest    '/^  Sec.  fi, 

■Tames  .M.  Whitney,  1835.  120 acres 
Northeast  34   Northeast  KJ  Sec.  6,    Nathaniel   Silsbee,  183.');  40 

acres. 
West  y.  Northwest  frac.  !4  Sec.  6,  Stephen  L.  Wilkins,  1835 
Northwest  34  Southeast  J4  Section  ti,  Edward  Doty,  18:16;  40 acres. 
Northeast  frac.  34.  or  Northeast  Subd.  (new  map)  Sec.  3,  John  B. 

Gee,  18:j() 
East  Suljd.  Northwest  frac.  H  (new  map)  Sec.  3,  Giiillinie  Four* 

uier,  1836. 
West  SuIkL  Northwest  frac.  34  (new  map)  Sec.  3,  Lewis  Morau, 

18:i.-.. 
.Southwest  34  Southeast  34  Sec.  12,  Hiram  Mosher,  1835;  40  acres. 
Northeast  J.i  Sec.  12,  .lames  S.  Cabot.  18:i4,  160  acres. 
South  i<.Southcastj4  Sec.  12,  .Mary  .-Vun  Haucroft,  1834;  81)  acres. 
Northeast  34  and  .Northeast  34  Northwest  34  Sec.    i:j,  Wm.  Han- 
croft.  18:11;  200  acres. 
Southeast  "4  Si'c;  13,  Erastus  G.  Back,  1834;  ICO  acres. 
South  y.  Northwest  34  and  Soutliwest  34  Sec.  13,  I'hilo  Holt,  1831; 

240  acres. 
Southwest  H  Southwest  J4  Sec.  24,  E.  U.  Back,  l,s:i5;  40  acres. 
Southeast  ^i  Northeast  34  Sec.  24,  Cvrus  Holloway,  1835;  40aere6. 
Nortliwest  I4  Soulliw est  34  Sec.  24, 'u.  Palmer,  m:).!,  40  acres. 
Northeast  >4  Ncuthiast  K  and  Southeast  ii  SoiUheast  J^  .Sec.  84, 

livin  (ireeu.  18:33;  80 acres. 
Eitst  32  Southea&t,34  Sec.  24.  Zenas  Leomird,    18:3-1;  80  acres. 
East  3^  Southwest  K  Sec.  21,  John  Urvnolds.  l.s:34;  80  acres. 
Ea-st  U  Southeast  34  Sec.  25,  E.  G.  Back,  18:»;  80  acres. 
Noutht'ast  34  Northeast  34  Sec.  25,   Elizabeth  Leonard,  1884;  40 

acres. 
Northwest  34  Sec.  25,  Joseph  Stow,  18:34;  160  acres. 
West  32  Southeast  X  and  Southeast  }i  Southwest  a  Sec.  25, 

Hiram  Smith,  1834;  120  acres. 

TOWN    NINE,  BANCE  SIX. 

Southwest  34  Southwest  34.  Sec.   1,  Russell  Rowe,  18:14,  40  acres. 
East  3^  Norilieast  '4  Sec.  1,  William  Felkins,  l.s:;5;  "8  acres. 
West  Y2  Northeast  ii'  .Sec.  1,  .\l)Uer  Hone,  18:15;  Irtx  acres. 
Northeast  }^  Suuthciist  34  Sec.  2,  Russell  Rowe,  lh31;  40  acres. 
West  34Soiiihwi-sl  i.i  Sec. 2,  Enos  Beall,  1.^31;  8(1  acres. 
West  5^  .SoutlnMst  I4  Sec.  3,  Cornelia  Mercereau,  i812;  80  acres 
East  3^Si)utti\\i-si  ^i  Sec.  3.  Augustus  Prentice,  1832;  :30  acres 
East  3^  Northeast  34  Sec.  3,  L'riah  Young,    1832;  76  acres. 
Northwest  34  Sec.  3,  James  Dean   1832;  152  acres. 
Wesi  3^  Southwest  34  Sec.  4,  Wm.  R.  Merritt,  18.32;  80,icres. 
East  i^'Southeast  >i  Sec.  4,  David  White.  ls:32;  80  acres. 
Southeast  >.i  Sec.  5,  Adam  A.  Gardiner,  1832;  160  ai-res. 
West  H  Souihwest  34  Sec.  5,  Fred,  l.eonardson,  18:3'J;  80  acres. 
EastKj  Noitlieast  I4  Sec.  5,  A.  G.  Oordiner,  18:l.'i;  Mil  acres. 
Northwest  \  Norihwi'st 34 Sec.  5.  Nathaniel  Silsbee,  1832;  :3i) acres. 
West  34  Southwest  34  Sec.  6,  Josei)h  S.  Cabot,  1834;  80  acres. 
.Southeast  hi  and  East  3^  Southwest  34  Sec.  6,  John  Lconaidson, 

18:32 ;  2S8  acres. 
South  Lj  Northeast  34  Sec.  B,  Samuel  Kleiiiing,  !s:i5;  Til  acres. 
Northwest  ^  Northeast  H  and  Northeast  14   Northwest  14  Sec.  6, 

.Vllen  E.  Wilcox.  Is:!5;  80 acres. 
West  34  Southwest  frac    Sec.  ",  Joseph  S.  Heyden,  1S35;  "6  acres. 
NorthwH'st  34  Southeast  34  Sec.  7,  Benjamin  Joy,  1.K35,  40  acns. 
East  3.,  Souliiwest  fr   Sec.  7,  Robert  .^IcBride,  18:35;  76  acres. 
East  |o    Southeast  34  Sec.  7,  liridget  Drake,  1831:  80  acres. 
Southwest  34  Southeast  34  Sec  7,  .lohu  Drake,  18:34;  40  acres. 
East  y.  Northeast  34  Sec  7,  John  A.  Gordiiiier,  ls3);  80  acres. 
East  3o  .Southwest  34  Sec.  8,  Jumes  Rertbolf,  ls;3:';  80  acres. 
East  lo  .Northwest  >.i  Sec.  K,  David  Lewis  1S32;  80  acres. 
East  35  Northwest  34  Sec.  8,  Ahram  Van  Alstine,  18:32;  80  acres. 
Southeast  34  Southeapt  34  Sec.  9,  Aaron  B.  Walkins,  18:33;  40  acres. 
Southwest  34  .Southeast  ii  .Se  .  0,  Nathaniel  Allen,  i834,  40  acres. 
Northeast  54  .Southwest  34  and  .Northwest  34  Southeast  34  Sec.  0, 

Benjauun  Tuubs,  183,;  80  acres. 
Southeast  34  Southwest  34  Sec.  0,  Knos  Beall.  T*31;  10  acres. 
Southwest  ^  Suath\\esl  34  Sec.  Hi,  .\al()n  B.  WalUiIls.l8;3-i;  4'>acres. 
West  3ij  Southeast  34  Sec.  10,  .Stephen  Walkins,  18.13    8iactes. 
East  >^" Souliiwest  3;;  .Sec.  10,  Eli/.a  llallelt,  18.32;  811  acres. 
Northwest  34  Norlhwept  34  Sec.  11,  Win.  N.  Uud.soti,  18;i:3;  40  acres. 
SoQthwi'Sl  34  Northwest  34  Sec.  11,  Diiuiel  Br<iwn,  18:32;  4i>  acres. 
Northeast  34  sec  U,  Ira  Fanctier,  18:14:  160  acres. 
West  <<.  .Soutliwest  If  Sec.  11.  Dliv.  r  nine.,  1823;  80  acres. 
Southwest  i,.j  Northeasts,  Sec.  11    Philander  Cogswell,  1834;  40 

acres.    ' 
East  34  Southwest  }4  Sec.  12,  Curl  is  Cogswell,  18:34;  8fl  acres. 
Southeast  34  Southeast  34  See.  12.  Uufus  Conant.  mW;  40  acres. 
West    J/j   Northwest  34.    Southeast  ,\i    Nortliwest  34  aid    North 

west  34  Southeast  34.  Sec.  12,  Thos.  Uarlield.  16:34,  liili  acres. 
Southwest  ','1  Southeast  ii  Sec.  12.  Alson  Wiug.  IKll;  ^uaclep. 
West  3^  Sou  111  west  '4  Sec.  12.  .'iardiuus  Welcu,  1814;  80  acres. 
Northwest  '4  Northwest;.,'  Sec.  i;l.  Townseiid  Kllis.  1h:i5;  40acres. 
South  3..  Northeast  3,j.  Sec.  13.  William  Coats,  18:3i:  80  acres. 
East  3sv'Xorlhwest  34  Sec.  13,  Joseph  A .  Coats.  1NS4;  SO  acres. 
West  y  Northw.st3j  .Sec.  1:3,  Ratiili  CoaLs,  18:34;  m  acns. 
Northe'asi  34  Northeas!  34  Sec.  13,  Rufus Coiuiiit.  183:3;  4  1  acres. 
West  X  Southwist  34  Sec.  13,  .\mos  Miner.  I  :14;  Ku  acres. 
East  y  Southwest  ■<,  Sec.  13,  Nelson  B.  lUiwl,  y,  18)4;  80  acres. 
West  p;  Southeast  34  and  E  '/,  Souihwest  34  .Sec.  1:3.   Aduu  Kow- 

leyT  1S.34;   160  acres. 
Northwest  3,  Southeast  H  Sec.  14,  Eli  Bancroft,  1S33;  40 acres. 
East  34  Northeast  34  Sec.  14,  Harvey  liinmau,  1834;  80  acres. 


888 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


East  J4  Northwest  li  Sec.  14,  Oliver  Miller,  M.  B.  Savage,  1834; 

80  acres. 
Northwest  U  Northwest  U  Secl4,  Joshua  Jiortun,  1834;  40  acres. 
Southwest  Ji  Sotitlieast  'i  Sec.  14.  \Vm.  Bancroft,  18:32;  40  acres. 
Northwest  jk.  ^^yf^l  '->  Nortlieast  J4,  Nortliwest  14  Southwest  J^ 

aud  NorOieast  14  Northeast  Ji  Sec.   15,  Walter  Crafts,   1834; 

334  acres. 
East  ><  Northeast  M  Sec.  15,  Philander  Parker,  1834;  40  acres. 
West  U  Southeast  H  Sec.  15.  Samuel  D.  Wiggins,  1834;  80  acres. 
Southeast  %  Nortlieast  %  and  East  ^  Southeast  %  Sec.  11,  Ja- 

coli  Gorrtinier,  18.35;  120  acres.  • 
Southwest  !4aiid  Northwest  H  Sec.  17,  Remington  Cooper,  1834. 
East  H  Soutnwcst ;-.;  Sec.  IT,  George  W.  Bullock,  18.33,  80  acres. 
Northeast  14  Northeast  J4  and  Southeast  %  Northeast  M  Sec.  20, 

George  D.  Bascomb,  1834;  80'acres. 
Northwest  %  Northwest  a  aud  West  X  Northeast  %  Sec. 26,  John 

Young,  1834:  80  acres. 
Whole  Section  20,  C.  E.  Dudley,  S.  P.  Jermain,  1835;  040  acres. 
West  yi.  Northwest  >,•;  Sec.  ;OT,  Erastus  G.  Back,  1835:  78  acres. 
South  y..  Southwest  J4  Sec.  30,  David  Colwell,  1S34;  77  acres. 
Northeast  I4  Northeast  JJ  Sec.  17,  Phelini  Parker,  1834,  40  acres. 
West  yi  Southwest  frac.  Sec..l8, 1835;  78  acres. 
.Southeast  }4  Soutlieast  a  Sec.   18,   Charles  McOormick,   1835;  80 

acres. 
W  34  Southeast  J4  Sec.  18,  Milton  M.  Morris,  183.5,  80  acres. 
East  J^  Northeast  H  Sec.  18,  Gardner  Cooper,  1834;  80  acres. 
Northeast  X  Southeast  %  Sec.   18,  Remington  Cooper,  1834;  40 

acres. 
West  J4  Northeast  and  East  14  Northwest  34  Sec.  18,  Warren  Burn- 
ham,  1834;  158  acres. 
Southwest  X  Sec.  18,  George  Galloway,  1834;  158  acres. 
West  ii  Northwest  J4  Sec.  19,  Goodrich  Griffin,  1834;  79  acres. 
West  K»  and  Southwest  34  Sec.  19,  Zenas  Leonard.  1834;  79  acres. 
East  l^Northeast  %.  Sec.  19,  Joou  C.  Percival.  1834;  80acre4. 
Northwest '4  Northeast  }4 'tnd  Northeast  }i  Noithwest  ]4  Sec. 

W,  George  Pick,  1834;  79  acres. 
Northeast  >i  Southwest  ii  Sec.  19,  Calvin  Tremaine,  1834;  119 

acres. 
Southcji.'^t  I4  Southwest  hi  Sec.  19,  Isaac  Tremaine,  1834;  39  acres. 
Southeast  '4  Southeast  y^  Sec  19.  Silas  Long,  18.34;  34  acres. 
East  y«  Northeast  Ji  See.  20,  Luke  Draper,  1835;  SO  acres. 
W  X  Northeast  J4  Sec.  20,  C.  Halloway,  Johu  Hinman,  1834;    80 

acres. 
West  )i  Northwest  )4.  Sec.  21.  Jos.  D.  Hayden,  1835;  80  acres. 
West  14  Northeast  H  aud  East  H  Northwest  ^4  Sec.  21,  W.  and  J. 

James,  1835:  U»0  acres. 
East  X  Northeast  Ji  Sec.  21,  B.  Blackledge  and  .Stout,  1834;  80 

acres. 
West  y,  Northwest  H  See.  22,  Blackledge  and  Stout,  ia34;  80 acres. 
Northeast  M  Sec.  22,  Eli  Hubliard,  1883;  KiO  acres. 
North  %  Northeast  J4  Sec.  24,  Daniel  S.  Bacon,  1835:  SO  acres. 
East  i^  Southeast  H  Sec.  24,  Brice  Dille,  1835;  80  acres. 
West  ^  Southwest  X  and  Southwest  J^  Sec.  24,  Jedediah  Jessup, 

183:i;  240  acres. 
South  ii  Northeast  H  Sec.  -24,  Augustus  T.  Andrews,   1835;    80 

acres. 
West  f/2  Northwest  J4  See.  25,  Geo.  D.  Bascomb,  18.34;  80  acres. 
East  ^4  Northeast  ?4  Sec.  25,  Justus  Brown,  18-33;  80  acres. 
Southwest  a  Northwest  J4  Sec.  26,  Charles  Allen,  1S34;  40  acres. 

PERSONAL   MENTION. 

Many  names  in  the  above  list  became  prom- 
inent in  the  affairs  both  of  Sylvania  Township 
aud  the  County. 

Adam  A.  Gordinier  was  nearly  100  years  old 
when  he  died  in  1881.  Until  his  death,  he  was 
a  lessee  of  land  on  the  Mohawk  River,  New 
York,  which  he  had  held  from  an  early  time  at 
12i  cents  per  acre  per  year.  His  son,  Edward 
CTordiuicr,  was  one  of  the  Commissioners  of 
the  State  for  the  erection  of  the  Northwestern 
Ohio  Insane  Asylum,  and  is  now  (1888),  unhap- 
pily, an  inmate  of  that  institution.  He  is  a 
man  of  pure  life  and  much  usefulness. 

Enos  Beall  removed  to  Lagrange,  Indiana, 
where  he  became  Probate  Judge.  He  died  at 
Fremont  in  that  State.  William  was  a  Sur- 
veyor by  occupation  ;  and  from  about  1834  to 
1857  was  engaged  largely  in  surveying  in  this 
section  of  country.  He  died  at  Blissfield, 
Michigan,  about  1860.  The  only  one  of  his 
children  now  surviving  in  this  County  is  his 
daughter,  Mrs.  Fitch  Dewej',  of  Toledo. 

Benjamin  Joy  came  to  Sylvania  from 
Genesee,  N.  Y.,  as  agent  for  the  lands  of 
Messrs.  Wads  worth,  who  were  among  the  most 


enterprising  and  wealthy  residents  of  the 
Genessee  \' alley.  One  of  Mr.  Joy's  daughters 
(Mrs.  Earle)  is  residing  near  Sandusky,  Ohio. 

Eli  Hubbard  was  a  leading  man  in  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  and  held  many 
offices  of  responsibility  and  trust  in  the  Town- 
ship. He  was  universally  respected  and  es- 
teemed for  his  jjrobity  and  character.  He  died 
before  the  VVar  ot  the  Rebellion. 

Haskel  D.  Warren  was  a  useful  and  highly 
esteemed  citizen.  Few  men  have  been  more 
public  spirited  or  generous  to  the  pool*.  He 
was  one  of  the  earliest  Merchants  of  Sj'lvania, 
having  followed  that  b;isiness  continuously  from 
18H5  till  1870,  in  which  year  he  died.  He  was 
interested  both  in  Free  Masonry  and  Odd 
Fellowship,  and  was  a  Knight  Templar.  Mr. 
Warren  was  noted  for  his  liberalitj'  to  many 
poor  settlers,  who  purchased  goods  of  him  on 
trust  when  the  settlements  were  new  and  money 
scarce. 

William  B.  Warren,  of  Sylvania,  for  many 
years  an  active  Railroad  man  and  Merchant, 
and  Foster  R.  AYarren,  are  the  two  remaining 
sons  of  Haskel  J).  Warren.  They  are  among 
the  most  prominent  of  the  older  citizens  of  the 
Township.  Of  the  brothers  and  sisters,  Horace 
resides  in  Dakota;  Joseph  in  Fulton  County, 
Ohio;  Alfred  and  Susan  in  Toledo;  and  Julia, 
wife  of  Miles  Luthrop,  resides  in  Sylvania. 

Peleg  T.  Clark,  long  an  active  mati  in  the 
business  and  affairs  of  the  Town,  was  born  in 
Waterville,  Maine,  in  1809.  In  May,  18X2,  ho 
went  to  Flat  Rock,  Micliigun,  where  for  nine 
years  he  was  a  trader  among  the  French  and 
Indians.  He  came  to  Sylvania  in  1841.  In 
18313  he  was  married  with  Clarissa  P.  White, 
youngest  daughter  of  Gen.  David  White.  They 
had  six  chiklren.  Mrs.  Clark  died  in  1851. 
He  was  mari-ied  with  his  second  wife,  Mrs. 
Schofield,  of  New  York,  in  1860.  They  had 
one  daughter.  He  was  Clerk  of  the  Courts  of 
Lucas  County  from  1858  to  1864.  His  second 
son,  James  W.  Clark,  was  his  Deputy  in  the 
Clerk's  office.  He  was  a  promising  young 
man  and  had  uearlj'  finished  his  course  at 
Harvard  when  he  sickened  aud  died,  much 
lainenteil  by  his  parents  and  friends.  Mr. 
Clark  died  i'n  1887. 

John  Usher  Pease  died  at  Sylvania,  February 
12,  1870.  He  was  born  at  Parsonstield,  Maine, 
August  2,  1796.  In  his  17th  year  he  "  bought 
his  time  "  (the  remaining  four  j-ears  of  his 
minority),  of  an  uncle,  and  enlisted  as  a  Drum- 
mer Boy  in  the  War  of  1812.  He  was  at  the 
battle  of  Plattsburgh,  Lake  Champlain.  With 
limited  School  privileges,  he  fitted  himself  to 
teach, vvliich  he  did  in  Western  New  Vork,whefc- 
he  was  married  with  his  first  wife, who  soon  dinl. 
bearing  one  child,  a  daughter  (Mrs.  Hetty  C. 
Wilson).  His  second  wife  was  a  daughter  of 
Gen.  David  White,  who  with  Judge  William 
Wilson,  were  the  founders  of  Sylvania  Village, 
where  in  1835,  Mr.  Pease  and  familj'  settleil. 


SYLVANIA  TOWNSHIP. 


889 


He  engaged  iu  inei-chaiidize  trade  with  Wm. 
Bancroft,  whose  wife  cooked  the  first  meal  of 
vituals  ])repared  by  a  wliite  woman  at  "tlie 
Forks,"  as  Sylvania  was  then  called ;  while 
their  daugliter  (Mrs  Dr.  Joel  Green)  was  the 
first  white  child  born  at  that  place.  Mr.  Pease 
soon  became  prominent  in  political  art'airs, 
acting  with  the  Democratic  ]iarty,  and  held 
several  public  offices,  including  County  Treas- 
urer, Associate  Judgeship,  and  Justice  of  the 
Peace.  Of  decided  Anti-Slavery  sentiment, 
he  co-operated  with  the  Free  Soilers  and  then 
with  the  Republican  part\',  until  deafness  and 
general  decrepitude  compelled  cessation  of 
active  life.  He  was  a  Free  Mason,  though  not 
affiliating  with  the  order  during  his  latter 
years.  Though  too  old  for  military  service  at 
the  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion,  he  was  the  first 
one  at  .Sylvania  to  give  a  bounty  to  an  enlisted 
Soldier.  He  suffered  much,  but  patieutlj', 
during  the  last  months  of  his  life. 

About  18:!.5  Erastus  Morse  and  wife  came  to 
Lucas  County  and  settled  where  now  stands  the 
Village  of  Sylvania.  At  first  he  was  engaged 
in  farming  and  lumbering  ;  but  about  1848,  he 
erected  a  large  stone  Tavern  near  the  center 
of  the  Village,  which  he  kejDt  for  several  years, 
but  afterwards  sold  out  and  went  to  Missouri. 
When  the  Rebellion  broke  out  he  raised  a  Com- 
pany which  was  attached  to  the  22d  Missouri 
Regiment.  He  rose  to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant- 
Colonel,  and  on  the  20th  of  December,  1862, 
while  out  with  a  detachment  of  troops  on  a 
scout  along  the  line  of  the  Hannibal  and  St. 
Joseph  Railroad,  lie  was  killed  by  a  volley  of 
Rebel  bullets.  Mrs.  Morse  survived  him,  re- 
turning to  the  neighborhood  of  Sylvania,  where 
she  died  of  dropsy,  in  Septeniber,  18153,  aged 
55  years. 

Andrew  Printup  died  at  the  residence  of  his 
daughter,  in  Adams  Township,  April  6,  1870, 
aged  (17  years  and  5  months,  leaving  two  sous 
and  three  daughters.  He  was  born  in  Mont- 
gomery County,  N.  Y.,  October  23,  1802,  and 
came  to  Toledo  in  September,  1835,  settling  on 
his  farm  a  little  West  of  Sylvania.  His  grand- 
father was  a  Revolutionarj'  Soldier.  He  was 
active  and  enterprising  in  the  improvement  of 
his  farm.  He  began  his  religious  li  e  in  1837, 
as  a  member  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church,  in  which  he  held  several  official  posi- 
tions. About  18(i5  he  united  with  the  Congre- 
gational Ciiurch  at  Sylvania,  hoMing  such  rela- 
tion at  the  time  of  his  death.  He  had  been 
Justice  of  the  Peace  and  Postmaster  at  Syl- 
vania. He  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
fr.iternitj'. 

Russell  C.  Thompson  died  in  Philadelphia, 
September  27,  1876.  He  was  born  in  Stoning- 
ton.  Conn.,  in  1809.  His  chief  educational 
privileges  were  limited  to  a  single  term  in  a 
country  School.  Bred  to  farming,  he  continued 
in  that  calling.  In  1831  he  was  married  with 
Miss  Matilda  Clendening  iu  the  State  of  New 


York,  where  he  resided  until  1844,  when  he 
removed  to  Adrian,  Mich.  In  1S4()  he  came  to 
Sjdvania  and  located  on  the  farm  which  con- 
stituted his  home  until  his  death.  He  was 
ajipointiMl  Su|icrintendent  of  the  County  In- 
firmary in  1850,  and  acted  as  such  until  1860. 
About  1856  his  wife  died,  and  in  1858  he  was 
married  with  Mrs.  Jeannette  Knapp,  who  yet 
survives  him.  For  four  years  he  was  Presi- 
dent of  the  County  Agricultural  Society. 
About  1861  he  was  elected  . I  ustii'c  of  the  Peace, 
and  in  1871  as  Representative  in  the  Ohio 
Legislature,  in  both  of  which  |)Ositions  he  con- 
tinued until  his  death.  lie  was  a  m^n  of 
remarkable  enei'gy  and  imiustiy,  with  a 
knowledge  of  human  nature  which  qiialified 
him  for  special  influence  with  his  (ellow  men. 
His  death  was  sudden  and  unexpected,  al- 
though his  health  had  been  delicate  for  some 
time. 

INITIAL  EVENTS. 

The  first  log-house  in  Sylvania  Township 
was  built  by  General  David  White  in  1832.  It 
stood  upon  the  North  bank  of  Ottawa  River, 
in  Sylvania  Village,  near  the  site  of  his  later 
residence,  since  owned  by  Peleg  T.  Clark. 

The  first  frame  building  erected  was  a  store, 
built  by  Elkanah  Briggs,  and  occupied  by  H. 
D.  Warren. 

The  first  stonebuilding  was  erected  by  Judire 
William  Wilson,  for  a  store,  and  occupied  by 
himself  and  W.  F.  Dewey,  firm  ol  \\  ilson  & 
Dewey. 

The  first  orchard  was  planted  bv  Gen.  David 
White. 

The  first  Durham  or  improved  stock  were 
introtluccd  into  the  Townshi]j  by  the  Wads- 
worths,  through  their  agent.  Be   jamin  Joy. 

Th<^  first  interment  in  the  prescnl  Cenicter. 
was  that  of  the  remains  of  John  Harroiin  in 
1835.  The  grounds  were  purchased  of  N.  W. 
Allen.  Previous  to  the  laying  out  of  this  burial 
place,  some  bodies  had  been  buried  on  a  saiul^- 
knoll  South  of  the  River,  where,  also,  some  In- 
dians had  been  buried. 

Indians  were  nuinei'ous  here  when  t!ie  fir.^t 
settlers  eanie,  and  when  it  was  decided  that 
they  should  be  removed  to  the  West,  the  rem- 
nant of  them  Ciirne  and  made  night  hideous 
with  a  farewell  dance  around  the  graves  of 
their  kindred. 

Tlie  iirst  white  child  born  in  the  Township 
was  Lilibie  Bancroft,  in  1834.  She  was  married 
with  J.  Wing  Allen,  and  is  now  a  widow,  resi- 
ding in  Kansas. 

The  first  School-house  was  built  bj'  General 
White  at  his  own  expense.  It  was  a  frame 
building,  about  18x24  feet  in  size,  and  stood  on 
land  owned  by  J.  H.  Parker,  iii  the  rear  of  the 
))resent  High  School  building.  It  was  used 
also  as  a  Jlccting-IIouse  ;  but  when  the  Rail- 
road was  built  in  1836,  the  running  ot  cars  on 
Sunday,  in  close  proximity,  so  annoyed  General 


890 


BISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


White,  that  he  had  the  building  removed  to 
the  opposite  side  of  the  Town,  where  it  served 
as  Church  and  School-house  for  several  years. 

TOWNSHIP  ORGANIZATION. 

The  first  Town  meeting  of  which  we  find 
record,  was  held  Ajiril  2, 1838,  when  the  follow- 
ing otficers  were  elected  : 

Trustees — Plinj'  Lathrop,  Andrew  Printup,  Eli- 
jah Rice. 

Supervisors  of  Highways — District],  Samuel  D. 
Wiggins ;  2.  William  M.  Nelson  ;  3.  William  M. 
Leonardson  ;  4.  John  Harroun ;  5.  Benjamin  Joy ; 
7.  George  Gaby  ;  8.  David  Hendrickson ;  9.  Marcus 
Bennett. 

Clerk— William  M.  White. 

Treasurer — Daniel  L.  Westcott. 

Overseers  of  Poor— David  White,  Joel  Green. 

Fence  Viewers — John  Harroun,  Benjamin  Joy, 
Elkanah  Briggs, 

Constables — Porter  Kelsey,  A.dolphus  Majors,  Oli- 
ver Root. 

At  this  election  91  votes  were  cast. 

At  a  Town  meeting  for  the  election  of  Jus- 
tices of  the  Peace  for  the  Township  of  Sylvania, 
held  May  5,  1838,  the  following  named  persons 
were  elected  :  Pliny  Lathrop,  John  U.  Pease. 
The  Judges  of  election — Andrew  Printup, 
Pliny  Lat'hrop,  Wm.  M.  White,  "  certify  that 
the  number  of  electors  at  this  election  amounts 
to  thirty-four." 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICERS. 

We  give  below  a  list  of  Justices  of  the  Peace, 
Clerks  and  Treasurers  elected  for  the  Township 
since  1838,  with  dates  of  service  : 

1S3S,  Plinv  Lathrop,  John  U.  Pease.  1839,  An- 
drew Printup,  Pliny  Lathrop,  Wm.  M.  White.  1840, 
James  White,  John  Harroun.  1841,  John  U.  Pease. 
184G,  James  AVhite,  Russell  C.  Thompson.  1849, 
John  B.  Corey.  18.50,  David  Harroun,  Samuel 
Gordinier.  1851,  Stephen  Porter.  18.53,  Andrew 
Printup,  Peleg  T.  Clark.  1857,  Daniel  Brown.  18-58, 
Moses  King,  Anthony  Bordeaux.  1808,  Wm.  Brvan. 
1809,  Reuben  Sawver.  1871,  R.  C.  Thompson.  l'873, 
O.  Hollowav.  1874,  R.  C.  Thompson,  Peleg  T.  Clark. 
1875,  O.  Stickncy.  1878,  Peleg  T.  Clark.  1881,  Theo- 
dore P.  Hoadley.  18S3,  Miles  Lathrop.  1884,  Aaron 
B.  West.    1885,  George  Vetter.    1887,  Aaron  B.  West. 

Clerks.— William  M.  White,  1.838-42;  John  B. 
Corey,  1842-45 ;  William  F.  Dewev,  1845  ;  Clark  D. 
AVarren,  1840 ;  Washington  H.  Ruling,  1847-49  ;  Hor- 
ace Green,  1849-51 ;  Joel  Green,  Jr.,  1851  ;  Peleg  T. 
Clark,  1852-58;  John  U.  Pease,  1858;  Don  A.  Pease, 
18-59  ;  W.  n.  Ruling,  1800 ;  W.  F.  De\vey,  1801-05 ; 
Francis  H.  Brown,  1805  ;  Lsaac  Thorp,  1806  ;  William 
Bryan,  1807;  Charles  H.  Green,  1808-70;  William 
Brvan.  1870-81 ;  Calvin  H.  Haggaman,  1882;  Aaron 
B.  West,  1883-87  ;  Lester  B.  Decker,  1887. 

Treasurers. — The  following  served  as 
Township  Treasurers  for  the  years  named  : 

D.  L.  Westcott  served  as  Treasurer  till  1841,  when 
Dr.  Horace  Green' was  chosen  to  till  the  office.  Haskell 
D.  Warren  was  elected  in  the  place  of  Dr.  Green 
April  .5,  1847,  and  served  till  1852,  when  Foster  R. 
Warren  was  elected  Treasurer  and  served  till  1857, 
when  Fitch  Dewey  was  elected,  who  tilled  the  office 
two  years.     Foster  R.  Warren  was  again  elected   in 


1859,  and  held  till  1801,  when  W.  D.  Moore  was 
elected.  He  served  till  1808,  when  W.  H.  Huling 
was  elected.  !Mr.  Huling  served  in  the  office  till  1872. 
W.  D.  Moore  then  took  his  place  and  was  Treasurer 
till  1880,  when  Foster  R.  Warren  was  elected  and 
held  till  1884.  Washington  H.  Huling  was  then 
elected  and  served  one  year.     A.  W.  Bellows,  188-5-7. 

This  Township  has  been  well  represented  in 
the  offices  of  Ijucas  County,  having  had  three 
County  Treasurers — John  U.  Pease.  Benjamin 
Joy,  and  Foster  E.  Warren.  Peleg  T.  Clark 
was  Clerk  of  the  Courts  six  years,  and  William 
P.  Dewey  served  as  County  Auditor. 

pioneer   MEETING. 

February  22,  1859,  pioneers  of  the  Township 
of  Sylvania  and  Eichfield,  Lucas  Countj^ ;  of 
Amboy  and  Royalton,  Fulton  Count}' ;  and  of 
Whiteford,  Michigan,  met  at  the  house  of  Ellis 
Parker,  in  Sylvania,  the  same  being  "  married 
persons,  who  had  emigrated  there  prior  to 
1836."  There  were  present  GO  persons,  jjio- 
ueers.  After  a  dinner,  the  meeting  was  ad- 
dressed by  different  members.  A  historical 
account  of  the  settlement  of  that  region  was 
read  by  Wm.  M.  White,  when  the  time  was 
occupied  by  others  in  brief  statements  of  their 
several  experiences  and  hardships. 

The  first  settlement  of  any  of  the  Townships 
named,  was  made  by  Gen.  David  White  and 
Judge  Wm.  Wilson,  in  the  Spring  and  Summer 
of  1832.  They  made  their  location  at  the 
mouth  of  the  three  forks  of  the  Ottawa  River, 
now  S3dvania,  then  entering  the  lands  on  which 
that  Town  stands.  During  that  time  10  or  15 
families  came  into  the  .Townshiji  ot  Whiteford, 
then  under  the  jurisdiction  of  Michigan — in- 
cluding what  are  now  Sylvania,  Richfield,  part 
of  Springfield  to  the  Fulton  Count)-  line,  and 
Whiteford.  They  laid  out  Sylvania  and  White- 
ford Villages.  In  1833-34  considerable  additions 
were  made  to  the  settlement,  the  increase  con- 
tinuing for  20  years. 

"The  Toledo  War  "  came  on  soon  after  the 
settlement  of  that  section  had  fitirly  begun,  in 
which  conflict  most  of  the  settlers  were  "good 
and  loyal  subjects  of  the  Sovereign  Territory 
of  Michigan  ;"  and  they  have  been  of  Ohio,  since 
bj'  law  they  were  set  off  to  that  jurisdiction. 

It  was  resolved  by  the  meeting  to  hold  such 
a  meeting  annually,  and  to  include  Washington 
Township,  Lucas  County,  within  their  circle. 
For  this  purpose  John  U.  Pease,  Wm.  F. 
Dewey  and  Wni.  W.  White  were  appointed  a 
committee  of  arrangements.  No  record  is 
found  of  such  subsequent  meeting. 

transfers  op  land  in  sylvania. 

Adam  Gordinier  to  Jacob  Gordinier.  1.S34. 
Ezra  Brailey  to  Benjamin  Tiibles.  1834. 
Cha.s.  McCoimick  to  Benjamin  Joy,  183.^'. 
Rebecea  Bell  to  Wm.  Bancroft,  Amos  Miner  and  l>elavan 
Dewey,  July,  18315. 

Augustus  Prentice  to  Cornelius  Mercereau,  1834. 
Eli  Hubbaril  to  Orlando  Rathwell,  18.34. 
Eli  Doty  to  James  Ready,  October,  1835. 
Benj.  Thorp  to  D.  M.  Severance,  April,  1835. 
Horace  Thacher  to  Abram  Hitchings,  August,  1835' 


SYLVANIA  TOWNSHIP. 


S91 


Kavid  White  to  David  Harroun,  October.  1835. 

Stephen  Watkins  to  David  Harrouu.  October,  lS3b. 

Peter  Lewis  to  Henry  Pliillips,  Ai>nl,  1836. 

Jolin  A.  Gardner  to  11.  )>.  Musou,  March,  18-30. 

(•vrii-<  Hollowav  lo  Luke  Draper,  Noveiiiher,  18.J.> 

Wm.  Wilson  to"  Wm.  F.  Dewey.  May,  1830. 

Same  to  Wm.  Haneroft.  May,  1831'). 

Same  to  Beelie  Comstoek,  Kelii-uary,  ISiS. 

Estate  of  Will.  Wilson  to  W.  W.  Wilson,  March,  Ihll. 

Same  to  Elijah  Kiee,  March,  tS43. 

Same  to  Amos  Miner.  Maieli,  184L 

Same  to  Joel  and  Timothy  i.reeu,  .Inly,  1840 

Febniarv  10.  1819.  H.  1>.  Warren  lca.sed  to  Sylvania  Lodge. 
In.lcnendentOrderof  Odd  Fellows,  a  room  in  the  second  storj 
of  !lK  hnil'ling  on  lot  No.  3.  Sylvania  Village,  for  10  years. 

Darins  Mills  to  Orin  D.  Hill.  December,  1835. 

El iiah  Kice  to  Sylvester  Bennett,  behruary,  JMi. 

Squire  B.  .Tohnson  and  lieorge  Hale  to  Sylvester  Bennett, 

■^'"David'white  to  Wm.  F  Dewey,  February^,  1837. 

Thos.  Corlcttto  LsaacStreet.  .January,  mi. 

Ueni   Rooi)  to  W.  1>.  and  Wm.  Wilson,  January,  Ib.li. 

W   McMillan  to  Peter  Smith,  February,  183ti. 

Elkanah  Briggs  to  Wm.  Y.  Smith  July.  183b.  ,M,„-,.h 

An  addition  to  the  Town  plat  of  Sylvania  was  hledMaich 

34,  1837,  bv  nelavan   D.  Hawes,  Coleman  I.  keeler,  and    

Davis.    It  contained  31  lots.  ,    „  .  i,       ,u.jr- 

I 'vrus  Hollowav  to  Wm.  Bancroft,  October,  IS-Ji. 

Hezekiah  Inlver  to  Timothy  E.  Green,  December,  1837. 

Eliiah  Rice  lo  Elisha  K.  Blown,  Ftbruary.  183i. 

Same  to  Bennett  Wighiman   I'-ebruary,  ISoi . 

James  A.  Crafts  to  Warren  Burnham.  December,  1837. 

Wm  P  Dewey  to  Asa  Minor.  May,  1836.  .^,   ,    „ 

Samuel  Alcott,  John  Van  Blarcumand  Ira  Smith  to  George 
H.  Rich,  Angust.  1836.  ,      ,        .  *  laot 

Wm  F   Dewey  to  Waters  Shepley,  August,  1837. 

Harvev  Herman  to  D.  L  Westeott,  October,  18.38. 

Jedcdiah  Tnttle  to  Daniel  Tuttle,  January,  83b. 

Wm  F  Dewey  to  Wentworth  West.  Septemljer,  18.37. 

Luke  Draper  to  Israel  L.  Converse,  December,  1838. 

Jame.s  Wilkison  to  Lyman  G.  Hoxie,  I  ebruary.  1839. 

Hezekiah  Culver  to  Heman  H.  Smith.  April  1839. 

David  White  to  Aaron  Cadwell.  February,  18.39. 

Eliiah  Rice  to  Elkanah  Briggs,  April,  1889.    ,        ^         ,       . 

.John  U.  Feixse  to  James  Dean,  Andrew  Pnntup,  Isaac  Lewis 
and  Te.wn.send Ellis,  Trusteesof  theMethodist  Episcopal  Church 
olSvlvaiiia,  lot  63,  Whiteford ;  price  $50  ;  April,  18.37. 

David  White  to  Ambrose  Beach,  June,  1839. 

Isaac  Washburn  to  Thos.  P.  Child,  July,  1839. 

Wm  Knox  to  Thos.  J.  Cromwell,  September,  lSo9. 
United  States  to  Irvine  Green,  October,  1835. 

John  A.  Gordinier  to  John  A.  and  Garrett  Vroomau,  No- 

"'''"ilerman  H.  White  to  Thomas  Van  Fossen,  June  1839. 

Levi  W.  Bradley  to  Andrew  Printup,  March,  1842. 

Coleman  I  Keeler  to  James  and  Barthena  White,  Executors 
of  the  estate  of  David  White,  August,  1831. 

Delavan  D.  Hawes  to  Susan  Phillips,  October,  1811. 

Treasurer  Monroe  County,  Michigan,  to  Carlos  Colton,  40 
acres,  for  $1.13  delinquent  taxes,  1838. 

Joseph  Roop  to  George  Parker,  August,  1841. 

Daniel  Tuttle  to  Geo.  and  Geo.  W.  Clark,  March,  1843.  • 

David  W.  Hawley  to  Marion  Wilson  and  Lavoney  VVilson, 

October.  1840.  ,,  „  ioqr 

Isadore  Burdo  to  John  Burdo,  May,  1836. 

8  W   Allen  to  Thomas  C.  Allen,  January,  184^. 

Levi  W.  Bradley  to  Hiram  Parker,  March,  1843. 

David  White  to  Cvrus  HoUoway  and  .lohn  Harroun  April,  34. 

(;vrus  HoUoway  to  Oristen  Holloway,  September,  1811. 

Emily  Decker  to  Martha  Uuliug,  October  1843. 

H.  D.'  Warren  to  Ethan  Streeter.  January,  1843. 

Hiram  A.  Newcomb  to  (ieorge  Redding,  Oliver  Custer,  Ira  S. 
Clark  and  James  White  to  Sarah  Newcombe,  June,  1831. 

Uiiitid  States  to  Sheldon  Lum,  March,  1844. 

Julia  Wilson  to  Horace  Green,  April,  1843. 

Estate  of  Elkanah  Briggs  to  Samuel  L.  Briggs,  September,  43. 

Adam  Clum  to  John  F.  Pease,  January,  1*44. 

Countv  Auditor  to  Adam  Haas,  March,  1844. 

Daniel  B.  Curtis  to  John  U.  Pease,  Aprd,  1844. 

Horace  Green  to  Wm.  Cory,  May,  1844. 

Ambrose  Salsbury  to  John  B.  Cory,  June  1844. 

John  B.  Cory  to  Robert  Talbert,  July,  1844. 

Horace  HoUister  to  James  HoUister,  Onsten  Holloway  and 
Horace  HoUister,  Directors  of  School  District  No.  6  Sylrauia 
Township,  a  donation  of  9  square  rods  of  land  in  Section  13  , 

^'^'wandimi*'  Dudley  and  Sylvanus  P.  Jermain    to  Frederick 

^"t'hn°u"pers4\o\ndrew  Printup,  Eli  Hubbard.  Thos  S^ 
Cos'i-ove,  S.  W.  Allen  and  Ciardner  Cooper,  Trustees  of  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Parsonage  in'  '"^e  Sylyania  Urciut,  for 
$140,  lot  54  in  the  Village  of  Whiteford,  on  which  Rev.  Mr. 
Yourtee  then  resided  ;  June,  1844.  „     .  „,  „     loir 

Estate  of  David  White  to  Wm.  Andrew,  September.  1845. 
Erastus  .Morse  to  A.  W.  Newcombe,  May,  1844 
Elliott  Acres  to  Nathaniel  Crockett,  July,  1.845. 
Alfre.l  Hopkins  to  Abda  Dolpli,  October,  1845  ,,„„,„„„,, 

Horace  Green,  for  $35,  to  Sylvania  High  School  ["  '  "  >■ 
(H  D  Warren,  David  Harroun,  Benj.  Joy,  Wm.  M.  White  ami 
Horace  Green,  one-half  acre  of  land  on  Ohio  Avenue,  \  illagc  of 
Sylvania,  September,  1845. 

Abram  Jessup  to  Lyman  B.  Stone,  Fehruary,  1840. 


John  A.  Vrooman  to  Khial  B.  Vrooraan,  September,  1844. 

Horace  Green  to  Erastus  Pitcher,  .Tune,  1846. 

Peter  Berth.ilf  tii  Isaac  Bertholf,  March.  1816. 

Horace  Green  to  Charles  .\nderson,  February,  1846. 

Milton  P.  Pomerovto  Daniel  Christy.  June,  18i7- 

Phebc  Hopkins  to  Milton  P.  Poincroy.  Jannap-,  1845. 

Adam  A    Gordinier  to  Edmunil  HordinuT,  December,  1»»4, 

Estate  of  Lviuan  B.  St,)ne  to  Ephraim  R.  Thornton,  Jan.,  4.'i. 

Waller  Crafts  lo  Phebe  Hopkins,  April,  1844. 

Matilda  MiU.r  to  (iiUs  W.  White,  October,  1847. 

Erasius  Piteher  to  Washington  H.  Hilling,  December,  1846. 

Horace  Green  to  Charles  Amlerson,  February,  1816. 

Elijah  Kiee  to  Samuel  I'ershall,  October,  1816. 

Kohert  D'lsay  to  School  District  No.  7,  Sylvania  lownship 
(Daniel  Brown  ami  Wm.  Watson,  Directors),  a  lot  4  rods  s.iuare, 
in  Section  'i:\  Sylvania,  donateil  for  School  purposes,  May,  1848. 

Nalhaniol  Crockett  to  Almon  D.  Ellis,  September,  1847. 

Hornets  Green  to  Rufus  Squires,  June.  ISIS. 

Ezra  B.  Brailev  to  Isaac  Denman.  A|inl,  1817. 

II    D    Warren  to  Smith  G.  Warren,  Decemlier,  1M7. 

James  White  to  Mary  Clark,  October,  1846. 

J   U.  Pease  to  Elijah  A.  Warren,  September,  1848. 

Almon  D.  Ellis  to  Andrew G.  Lathrop,  November,  184(. 

Iiorus  Desscnbury  to  Socrates  Howard,  November,  1848. 

Jeduthan  E.  Scott  to  Wm.  Kipley,  February  1849. 

Joel  Green  to  Wm.  H.  Cooper,  September.  1848. 

Mary  Bywater  to  Elisha  Benton,  March,  1-819. 

Cvrus  Holloway  to  John  Harroun,  April,  1835. 

Geo.  B.  Miner  to  Ellis  Parker,  July,  1849. 

TAX-PAYERS    IN    1838. 

Following  is  a  list  of  residents  of  Sylvania 
Township,  who  were  taxed  on  personal  property 
in  the  Spring  of  1838  : 

ON   HORSES    AND   CATTLE. 


All,  John. 
Allen,  Shadrack  W. 
Bartholf,   Peter. 
Briggs,  Elkanah. 
Bird,  Thomas  and  Charles 
Bennett,  Marcus. 
Corastock,  Beehe. 
Cooper,  Gardiner. 
Cooper,  Remington. 
Clark,  .Joseph. 
Cadwell,  Aaron. 
Cory,  J.  B. 
Coe",  Enoch. 
Cosgrove,  H.  T. 
Cole,  Aaron  H. 
Carson,  Charles. 
Dewey,  Wm.  F. 
Durfey,  Daniel. 
Elhs,  Townsend. 
Fairchild,  Benjamin. 
Fairchilil,  Leonard. 
Fuller,  Willard  J. 
Farley,  James. 
Gardner,  Adam. 
Green,  Joel. 
Green,  Horace  Dr. 
Harvvood,  Henry. 
Higgins,  Samuel  B. 
Harroun,  David,  Jr. 

Harroun,  John. 

Ha\\es,  Delavan  D. 

Horton,  Caleb. 

Hinman,  Harvey. 

Hubbard,  Eli. 

Hawley,  David  W  . 

Holloway,  Cyrus. 

HoUister,  James. 

Hendrickson,  .]. 

Hendrickson,  David. 

Jesup,  Jedidah. 

Kelsey,  Porter 


Leonardson,  Wm. 
Leonardson,  Frederick. 
Lewis,  Isaac. 
Langenderfer,  Catherine. 
Latlirop,  Lucian  B. 
Lathrop,  Pliny. 
Lathrop,  Emma. 
Melona,  William. 
Minor,  Amos. 
Manly,  Elias. 
Munson,  Eli. 
Printup,   Andrew. 
Pease,  John  U. 
Parker,  Hiram. 
Parker,  .Simeon. 
Percival,  James. 
Root,  Oliver. 
Roop,  Joseph. 
Sperling,  Charles  S. 
South,  Benjamin. 
Stow,  Dwight  F. 
SmitlJ,  Hiram. 
Saxon,  Henry. 
Snyder,   David  S. 
Titsworth,  Josejih. 
Tumilson,  AVilliam. 
Taylor,   William. 
Van  Alstine,  Abram. 
Worden,  Zerah. 

White,  David. 

AVhite,   William  M. 

White,  James, 

Westeott,   Daniel  L. 

Warren,  H.  D. 

West,  Wentworth. 

Wil.son,  Julia. 

Wilson,  William. 

Wadswurth,  W.  W. 

Wollinger,  Jacob. 

Yates,  Abram  R. 


merchant's  capital  and  money. 


Bancroft,  Wm.,  $50. 
Dewey,  &  Green,  !j;300. 
Lee,  William,  $500. 


Paige.  James  S.,  ^200. 
Rice,  Elijah,  $.'>00. 
Warren  (S  Westeott,  $1 ,000 . 


892 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Green,  Horace. 


pnvsiciANS. 

Minor,  Amos. 
Smith,  Hiram. 


MILITIA  EOLL,    1844. 

List  of  persons  liable  to  military  dut3'  in  the 
Townsiiip  of  Sylvania  in  1844  : 


Jolin  Bellraan. 
George  Hogers. 
Levi  vV.  Bradley. 
Ira  E.^Lee. 
(lark  0.  Warren. 
I.«aac  Bartholf. 
Ira  C.  Smith. 
William  Cooper. 
Ziirial  Cook   .Jr. 
Henry  Fisher. 
Ikirace  Hollister. 
Sherwooil  Snyiler. 
WilHam  Coiustoek. 
Elisha  Pleastead. 
William  Melony,  Jr. 
Stephen  Ripley. 
Joseph  Kemble. 
Hiram  Parker. 
Hiram  A.  W.  Newconib, 
Ellis  Parker. 
John  I.  Gordinier. 
Erastus  Wiiliains. 
Ei-astus  Morse. 
Harris  Huling. 
William  Wiggins. 
Daniel  B.  Curtis. 
Elijah  Durtee. 
Cornelins  Mersereau. 
Foster  Warren. 
Charles  Anderson. 


Isaac  Lewis. 
Abraham  Ware. 
Jedediah  Jessup. 
J.  L.  Hendrickson. 
William  Lee. 
Bebee  Comstock. 
Alexander  Fox. 
Almond  Ellis. 
Sephen  Porter. 
John  Showier. 
William  ."^eely. 
E.  R.  Thornton. 
Charles  Straight. 
Warren  Parker. 
Horace  Green. 
Wm.  P.  Hopkins. 
James  Van  Horn. 
John  Van  Horn. 
Alonzo  Parker. 
Adolphus  J.  Majors. 
Timothy  E.  Miner. 
Fred  Leonardson. 
Wm.  M.  Leonardson. 
John  S.  Leonardson. 
William  Gordinier. 
Benjamin  Joy. 
Richardson  Lester. 
John  Call. 
Rhial  B.  Vrooman. 
Elisha  Kimble. 


TOWN    PLATS. 

The  original  plat  of  Whiteford  was  laid  out 
by  General  David  White,  and  recorded  by  him 
July  11,  1835.  It  lay  on  the  East  .side  of  what 
is  now  Division  Street,  Sylvania,  that  bemgtlie 
dividing  line  between  the  lands  of  General 
White  and  William  Wilson,  on  the  West.  The 
plat  of  Whiteford  contained  nine  Streets — 
South,  Main  and  Erie,  running  Bast  and  West; 
and  Saline,  Clinton,  Church,  Eagle,  Summit 
and  Division,  running  North  and  South.  Tbe 
Ei'ie  and  Kalamazoo  Kailroad  (now  the  Lake 
Shore  and  Michigan  Southern)  jiassed  through 
Main  Street,  which  was  made  to  conform  to 
the  tract  of  that  Road.  There  were  138  lots  in 
the  plat. 

The  original  plat  of  Sylvania,  made  by  Wm. 
Wilson,  L.  W.  Allen,  William  F.  Dewey  and 
D.  D.  Harris,  was  acknowledged  before  C.  D. 
Wing,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  June  13, 1836.  The 
plat  bears  the  signature  of  Samuel  Divine, 
County  Surveyor.  It  has  five  Streets  running 
North  and  South — Ohio  Avenue,  Railroad 
Street,  Michigan,  Elm  and  Poplar;  and  eight 
running  East  and  West — North,  Indiana  and 
Mill  Streets,  North  of  the  River;  and  High, 
Spring,  Market  and  South  Streets,  South  of  the 
River.     The  lots,  mainly,  are  4x10  rods. 

An  addition  to   the  Town  plat   of  Sylvania 


was  made  by  Delavan  D.    Hawes,   Coleman  I. 
Keeler  and  others,  March  24,  1837. 

The  business  part  of  the  Town  has  been 
chiefly  built  on  the  Wil.sou  plat.  Both  of  the 
original  Towns,  with  large  additional  area,  are 
included  in  the  present  incorporated  Village  of 
Sylvania. 

VILLAGE    OP    SYLVANIA. 

The  Village  of  Sylvania  was  incorporated  in 
April,  1867,  the  firstcharter  election  being  held 
on  April  17th,  at  which  the  following  officers 
were  chosen  :  James  W.  Clark,  Mayor;  Wm. 
Bryan,  Clerk;  Creorge  M.  Crandall,  Jason  Mc- 
Glenn,  Foster  R.  Warren  and  J.  J.  Ritchie, 
Councilmen.  The  Council  was  duly  organized 
April  20,  1867.  The  following  uametl  persons 
have  served  as  officers  of  the  Village  : 

Mayors — James  W.  Clark,  1867  ;  O.  Holloway, 
1868;  'Wm.  Bryan,  1869;  R.  Sawyer,  1870-71  ;  Smith 
G.  Warren,  1872-73;  O.  Hollowav,  187.3-76;  Miles  La- 
throp,  1877-80;  Stephen  G.  Bennett,  1881-82;  Miles 
Lathrop,  1883-84;  F.  O.  Peak,  1885-87. 

Cleiks—Vfw.  Bryan,  1867;  O.  Holloway.  1868 ;  G. 
H.  Green,  1868-70;  Wm.  Bryan,  1870;  C.  H.  Haga- 
man,  1871-76;  Wm.  Bryan,  1876-82;  C.  H.  Hagaman, 
1882-84;  J.  M.  Hopkins,  1884;  L.  B.  Decker,  18S.i-87. 

Oflicers  for  18S7  :  Treasurer,  A.  W.  Bellows  ;  Coun- 
cilmen, R.  Blanchard,  T.  Cosgrove,  E.  Harroun,T.  B. 
Hank,  E.  M.  Hogan,  A.  Reger ;  Marshal,  Albert 
Carls ;  Street  Commissioner,  Patrick  Hogan. 

SCHOOLS. 

The  first  School  in  the  Township  wastaught 
in  a  frame  house  built  at  Whiteford  by  General 
David  White,  in  1834.  Few  Districts  were  laid 
out  until  after  the  passage  of  the  School  law  of 
1837.  We  find  in  the  Township  records  the 
following  certificate  under  date  June  28,  1838  : 

I  have  appointed  Lncian  B  Lathrop,  Pliny  San- 
derson and  Oliver  Root,  to  act  as  School  Directors 
in  Di^trict  No.  h.  in  the  Township  of  Sylvania.  till 
the  annual  election  in  September  n^xt,  according  to 
the  provisions  of  the  new  School  law  for  organizing 
new  School  Districts. 

Wm.  M.  White,  Township  Clerk. 

Eli  Munson  and  Benjamin  Fairchild  received 
a  like  appointment  for  School  District  No.  8, 
January  4,  1839. 

The  numlier  of  Districts  in  the  Township  in 
1888,  is  six.  The  average  number  of  persons 
of  School  age  in  the  Township  for  the  decade 
ending  with  1886,  was  300  (12  being  colored)  ; 
showing  an  average  of  50  for  each  District. 

HIGH    SCHOOL. 

In  1844  John  U.  Pease,  Haskell  D.  Warren, 
William  Bancroft  and  Horace  Green,  associated 
themselves  for  educational  purposes,  and  pro- 
cured a  charter  from  the  Slate  Legislature, 
under  the  name  and  style  of  "The  Sylvania 
High  School  Company."  The  ol)ject  of  the 
association  was  declared  to  be  "the  establish- 
ment of  a  High  School  in  the  Town  of  Sylvania, 
and  to  promote  and  afford  therein   instruction 


SYLVANIA  TOWNSHir. 


S93 


in  the  usual  hrauches  of  a  sound,  practical  and 
liberal  education,  and  in  (ho  languages,  arts 
and  sciences." 

In  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  such 
!ut,  the  incorporators  met  at  the  office  of  John 
U.  Peaso,  in  Sylvania,  on  the  first  Monday  in 
May,  184-1:,  and  completed  their  organization. 
We  fiiul  the  following  names  attached  to  the 
Constitution  in  the  Company's  records  ; 


Amos  Miner. 
John  B.  Cory. 
A.  .J.  Majors! 
•Tames  White. 
.Inhn  IT.  Pease. 
Elijab  Riee. 
Stephen  Porter. 
Jolni  Leun.'inison,  Jr. 
Daniel  B.  Cni'tis.s. 
David  Ilarriuin,  .Jr. 
H.  A.  W.  Neweomb. 
H.  D.  Warren. 
William  Lee. 
T.  E.  Miner. 
Je  'eiliah  .Je.ssup. 
Daniel  Dnrfee, 
Benjamin  .Toy. 
Daniel  Delvin. 
Ziiriah  Cook,  Jr. 
Beebe  Comstock. 


Isaac  Lewis. 
C.  Anderson. 
William  Corey. 
W.  F.  Dewey! 
Hciraee  Green. 
Wm.  M.  White. 
Paul  Hawes. 
v.  D.  Wfirren. 
W.  H.  Ruling. 
Frederick  Leoiiardson. 
Enistus  Morse. 
Khial  V.  Vrooman. 
John  A.  Vrooman. 
William  Wil.son. 
B.  W.  Bradley. 
John  Emery. 
J.  W.  Poiuerov. 
Peleg  T.  Clark. 
Isaac  Treniaine. 
James  Dein. 


The  following  officers  were  elected  by  ballot: 

Ames  Miner,  President  ;  John  B.  Corey,  Vice 
President;  William  F.  Dewey.  Secretary;  James 
White,  Treasurer;  Benjamin  Joy,  Horace  Green,  Eli 
Hnbbard,  John  U.  Pease  and  David  Harroun, 
Ti'nstees. 

District  No.  2  of  the  Town  of  Sylvania  hav- 
ing taken  steps  towards  the  erection  of  a  School 
building,  it  was  ])roposed  by  the  High  School 
Company  to  co-operate  with  the  Directors  of 
the  District  in  making  the  house  suitable  for 
the  purposes  both  of  the  District  and  the  Com- 
pany. Accordingly,  such  arrangement  was 
made.  The  building  was  located  centrally,  on 
the  West  side  of  Division  Street, oecupjdng  the 
same  site  as  the  present  School  building.  It 
was  about  40xG0  feet  in  dimensions,  two  stories 
high,  and  surmounted  by  a  tower  or  belfty. 
It  was  opened  in  tiie  Fall  of  1844,  the  High 
School  dejiartnient  occujwing  the  u]iper  siory. 
Among  the  Principals  who  taught  there  while 
it  was  under  the  Com])any's  management,  were 
ProfiBssors  Gilford,  Daniel  L.  Westcott,  and 
Eev.  J.  B.  Taylor.  The  School  numbered 
among  its  pu]nls  more  than  the  average  Village 
student--sucli  as  tlie  following  :  Ira  E.  Lee,  of 
Toledo,  E.E.Wilson,  of  Bluffton,  Indiana; 
Almeda  Doty,  of  Topelca,  Kansas;  Chester  H. 
Harroun,  of  Toledo;  Don  A.  Pease  and  Foster 
R.  Warren;  James  W.  Clark,  son  of  Peleg  T. 
("lark,  who  died  in  Toledo.  The  School  con- 
tinued to  be  managed  Ijy  the  Company  until 
about  1850,  when  settleiuent  was  made  with 
the  stoekliolders  and  a  dividend  declared.  The 
stock  was  finally  disposed  of  to  the  Townshi]) 
Board  of  Education  and  the  School  passed 
wholly  under  the   management  of  the  Town 


Board.  It  has  been  a  free  graded  School  since 
1872,  with  the  departments  of  High,  Interme- 
diate and  Primary.  The  roll  in  May,  1887, 
showed  an  attendance  in  all  grades  of  102  pu- 
pils. J.  C.  Jones  was  their  Principal  and  Su- 
perintendent;  Miss  J.  M.  Collinson,  Intel-me- 
diate Teacher;  and  Miss  Lillie  Young,  Primaiy 
Teacher.  The  Board  of  Education,  at  thattinu^, 
were:  Daniel  Donovan,  Pi'esiilent;  Thomas 
Cosgrove,  M.  D.,  Poster  \l.  Warren,  Francis 
Elliott,  Alonzo  Bellows  and  (^'ornelius  Griest; 
J.  C.  Jones,  Clerk. 

Aaron  B.  West  taught  the  School  f(>r  II! 
years.  He  has  been  prominently  idenlilicil 
with  educational  affairs  since  he  came  to  (he 
Town  in  iSCtl,  frona  Toledo,  where  he  bad  been 
Teacher  in  the  Public  Schools. 

The  present  School  building  is  a  fiiie  brick 
structure.  It  was  erected  in  1869,  at  a  cost  of 
»15,(K)0. 

CHURCHES. 

.  Congregational.— This  Church  was  origin- 
ally organized  as  "  The  First  Presbj-terian 
Church  of  the  Town  of  Whiteford,"  at  a  meet- 
ing held  for  that  purpose  in  the  School-house, 
November  8,  18:!4.  Following  is  a  record  of 
the  original  members,  and  of  what  Churches 
they  had  Ijeen  members  in  the  East :  Joel 
Green  and  wile,  Philonielia;  Simeon  (ireen  and 
wife,  Sibyl;  Elijah  Rice  and  wife — all  from  the 
Congregational  Church  in  Marion,  New  York. 
Robert  Smith  and  Nancy,  his  wife,  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church  of  Ovid,  New  York. 
Nathan  G.  Watkins  and  wife  Amy,  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church  of  Naples,  New  York; 
and  Mrs.  Sally  HoUister,  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church  of  Rome,  New  York.  Others  not  hav- 
ing then  received  their  letters,  joined  .soon 
after,  among  whom  were  David  White  and  his 
wife  Bertha,  and  daughter  (Marissa  ;  AV^illiam 
M.  White,  Jane  A.  White,  Flizji  Hallet, George 
Peck,  Alta  Plumb  and  others.  Wm.  M.  White 
and  Nathan  G.  Watkins  were  chosen  I'^lders, 
and  William  M.  White,  Clerk.  The  fir.st  com- 
munion in  this  Church  was  administered  on 
Sunday  following  the  organization. 

The  (Jbiirch  increased  ra])idly  in  members 
and  influence.  But  owing  to  certain  unsatis- 
factory rules  prescribed  by  Monroe  Presbyter}-, 
with  which  it  was  connected,  the  Church  in 
1844  adopted  the  (/Ongregational  form  of  gov- 
ernment, and  has  since  been  known  as  "First 
Congregational  Church  of  Sjdvania."  Under 
the  new  organization,  Jedediah  Jessup  and 
Elijah  Rice  were  chosen  Deacons,  and  William 
Lee,  Joel  Green  and  William  M.  White  Stand- 
ing Contmiltee;  ami  William  iM.  White,  Clerk. 

Gen.  David  White  was  influential  in  found- 
ing this  Church,  and  was  an  active  and  promi- 
nent member  of  it  iluring  his  life.  In  the  orig- 
inal plat  of  the  Town  of  Whiteford,  which  he 
laid  out,  is  the  following  reservation:  "Lot 
No.   17,   S  chains   wide  and  5  chains   and  20 


li 


894 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


links  long,  is  set  apart  as  a  meeting-house  and 
p;iri=oii:ige  lot.  forever." 

Dav  i(i  Wliite  came  from  Palmyra,  New  York, 
in  1^81,  and  brought  his  family  in  1832.  He 
was  the  founder  of  tlie  Town  and  the  active 
promoter  of  is  "  el  fare  while  he  lived.  He 
built  the  first  mills  in  the  settlement  upon  the 
Ottawa  Eiver,  near  his  residence,  and  in  busi- 
ness and  educational  matters  was  one  of  the 
foremost  men  of  the  Town.  Among  iiis  many 
interests  none  lay  so  near  his  heart  as  the 
Church  of  his  choice,  in  which  total  abstinence 
fr<im  all  into.xicating  liquors  was  made  a  con- 
dition of  member.ship.  This  is  quite  remark- 
able con.sidering  that  liquor  was  so  freely  used 
by  Church  peo]ile  and  even  Ministers  in  those 
days.  But  the  Church  adopted  the  abstinence 
pledge  "  by  a  unanimous  vote." 

Peleg  T!  Clark  united  with  this  Church  by 
letter  in  1847,  and  the  same  jear  was  elected 
Clerk  and  meml^er  of  the  Standing  Com- 
mittee. 

The  congregation  met  for  worship  in  the 
School-house  and  High  School  building  until 
the  summer  of  1851,  when  their  edifice  was 
completed  and  occuj)ied. 

Following  is  the  succession  of  Pastors  with 
dates  of  their  service  : 

Rev.  Mr.  Worthington,  1834-30;  Jolm  Walker, 
1834-37;  L.  D.  Parker,  1839;   J.  8.  Tomlinson,  1840; 

C.  V.  Foot,  18a  ;  .1.  ti.  Thoiiipson,  1842-43;  William 
L.  Buffet,  1844-48;  J.  B.  Tavlor,  1848-53;  L.  P. 
Mathews,  1853-55;  W.  Sbarpiev,  1855;  J.  G.  W. 
Cowles,  1S5S;  A.  R.  Lvons,  1859;  Rev.  Russell, 
1860-62;   William  Bridgman  and  S.  M.  Judson,  1862  ; 

D.  \V.  Frarey,  M.  Bardwell,  and  President  Mahau, 
1864  ;  S.  M.  .ludson,  186.>67;  John  Emmons,  1867-69  ; 
AVilliam  Maclaren.   1869;  Robert  McCune.  1870-76; 

E.  R.  Loomis,  1876-79 ;  J.  C.  Thompson,  1879-81 ;  J.  C. 
Cromack,  1881;  G.  J.Powell,  1882;  A.  E.Thompson, 
1883;  D.  A.  Bunker,  1884;  Chas.  Manchester,  1884; 
S.  R.  Dole,  1885. 

This  Church  in  1887  had  60  members,  and 
the  Sabbath  School  75. 

Methodist  Episcopal. — Rev.  Elnathan  C. 
Gavitt  claims  to  have  preached  the  first  ser- 
mon delivered  in  Sylvania,  in  the  Mill  of  Gen. 
David  White,  which  stood  near  the  residence 
of  the  latter.  A  Class  was  formed  there  as 
earlv  as  1834,  and  not  long  after  the  first 
Methodist  Church  was  "built  in  the  woods." 
It  is  still  standing, though  remodled,and  is  part 
of  the  residence  of  N.  B.  Heath,  on  Summit 
Street. 

The  minutes  of  the  Toledo  Circuit,  under 
date  of  November  9,  1836,  show  that  the 
"  Whiteford  Class  "  paid  $1.50  for  the  quarter 
preceding.  For  the  quarter  ending  May  26, 
1837,  the  Class  paid  ^5.13  ;.and  for  the  quarter 
ended  August  13,  1837,  $4.73. 

In  1836  Rev.  Ira  Chase  was  Preacher  for  the 
Toledo  Circuit,  which  then  embraced  Toledo, 
Tremainesville,  Norton,  Bedford,  Stony  Eidge, 
Tillotson,  Hopewell,  Big  Woods,  Vienua  and 
Sjdvania  (then   called    Whiteford).     Sylvania 


Circuit  was  formed  from  Toledo  Circuit  in  1842. 
It  now  (1888)  embraces  Sylvania,  West  Sjiva- 
nia  and  Farley  (Richfield),  with  a  Church 
edifice  in  each  place. 

The  present  Church  building  in  Sylvania 
was  erected  in  1863,  under  the  ministry  of 
Rev.  Henry  Boyer.  The  new  brick  parsonage 
was  built  in  the  summer  of  1875,  the  building 
committee  being  W.  B.  Warren,  N.  C.  Scott, 
J.  Poucher,  J.  J.  Richie   and    Harvey  Kellogg. 

The  Circuit  Preachers  and  Pastors  who  have 
served  the  Church  are  given  below. 

Ira  Chase,  1836  ;  Weslev  Brock,  1838-9  ;  Austin 
Coleman.  1840;  John  Tibbats,  1841  ;  E.  R.  Hill,  1842; 
Samuel  Yourtee,  1843-4;  8.  H.  Aldeman,  1844;  Thos. 
J.Pope,  1845;  William  Thatcher,  1846;  John  L. 
Johnson,  1847  ;  Octavus  Waters,  James  Wilcox,  1848; 
Alanson  Foster,  A.  H.  Waters,  1849;  James  Evans, 
John  Crabbs,  1850;  George  G.  Lyon,  D.  W.  Ocker, 
1851  ;  John  A.  Shannon,  William  C.  Price,  18.52; 
William  Thacker,  An  brose  Hollington,  1853-4;  A.B. 
Poe,  H.  Warren,  185.5-6  ;  E.  B.  Morrison,  John  R. 
Colgan,  1857;  H.  L.  Nickerson,  1858;  S.  D.  Shafer, 
18.59-60;  John  R.  Colgan,  1861  ;  Martin  Perkev,  1.S62; 
Henry  Boyer,  1S63-4  ;  L.  D.  Rogers,  186.5-6;  R.  H. 
Chubb,  1867  ;  C.  G.  Ferris,  1868-70 ;  John  S.  Kalb, 
1870-71;  I.  S.  Lunt,  1872;  John  Poucher,  1873-75;  B. 
B.  Powell,  1875-77  ;  J.  H.  Kater,  1877-80;  F.  Marriott, 
1881;  Joseph  Wykes,  1882;  John  C.  Miller,' 1883-4; 
Ashford  Hall,  1885. 

MASONIC. 

Sylvania  Lodge,  No.  287,  F.  and  A.  M.,  was 
chartered  October  23, 1856.  The  charter  mem- 
bers and  officers  were  as  follows  : 

William  B.  Warren,  Andrew  Printup.  H.  D.  War- 
ren, Foster  R.  Warren,  Benjamin  Joy,  William  Wat- 
son, William  Mct'ann,  Benjamin  Sumner.  Jenks 
Morey,  Elias  Richardson.  Lucian  B.  Lathop,  W.  M.; 
William  B.  Warren,  8.  W.;  Andrew  Printup,  J.  W. 

The  present  officers  (1888)  are  as  follows:  A.  W. 
Bellous,  W.  M.;  S.  L.  Kimbell,  S.  W.;  W.  H.  Glann, 
J.  W.;  Wm.  8mith,  Treasurer;  L.  A.  Gillelt,  Sec'v  ; 
A.  Cherry,  8.  D.;  Chas.  Reynolds,  J.  D.;  J.  G.  Taylor, 
A.  J.  Glann,  Stewards;  N.  S.  Root,  Tyler;  T.  P. 
Hoadley,  J.  G.  Taylor,  W.  H.  Glann,  Finance  Com- 
mittee;  Wm.  Smith,  Chas.  Reynolds,  Geo.  Fowler, 
Grievance  Committee. 

This  Lodge  in  1888  numbered  58  members. 
Communications  held  in  Masonic  Hall,  over 
the  Post  Office,  Ottawa  Street. 

TEMPERANCE  SOCIETIES. 

Sj'lvania  Union,  No.  1,  Daughters  of  Tem- 
perance, was  instituted  at  Sylvania,  January  3, 
1849,  and  the  following  officers  cho.sen  :  Mrs. 
Lucy  H.  Rice,  P.  S.;  Mrs.  E.  H.  Dowey,  A.  S.; 
Mrs.  Catharine  K.  Green,  R.  S.;  Mrs.  C.  Stout, 
A.  R.  S.;  Miss  S.  Hubbard,  F.  S.;  Miss  J.  L. 
Green,  C;  Mrs.  A.  B.  Warren,  A.  C;  Mrs.  E. 
Cook,  G.;  Miss  M.  Warren,  A.  G. 

Sylvania  Lodge,  No.  49,  Good  Templars,  was 
organized  March  16.  1885,  with  S.  G.  Bennett 
as  C.  T.;  Mrs.  Olive  Thornton,  V.  T.,  andL.  B. 
Decker,  Secretary.  Officers  for  1887:  J.  E. 
Emery,  C.  T.;  Miss  Gladys  Parker,  V.  T.;  E.  W. 
Leonardson,  Treasurer;  Miss  Clarissa  Bryan, 


4 


SYLVANIA  TOWNSHIP. 


895 


Seeretaiy;  Miniiio  Van  Onner,  F.  S.;  Miss  E. 
Dol]ili,  Chaplain  ;  Charles  Seott,  M.;  Miss 
Lillian  Parker,  D.  M.;  Wallace  Mersoreau,  I.  G.; 
Berl  Mersoreau,  O.  (r.  The  Loili;e  and  furni- 
ture were  burnt  in  the  fire  of  1887. 

FIRE  OK    1SS7. 

On  April  2G,  1S87,  oceuired  a  tii'e  in  Sylva- 
nia  which  destroyed  most  of  the  business  por- 
tion of  the  Village.  Following  is  a  list  of  (he 
|)riiicipal  propert)-  destroyed  : 

Washington  Lennnison.  General  Store;  the  .Misses 
l-voberts,  Milliners;  Milton  Veas_v,  Grocer;  William 
W.  Cowell,  Harne.ss  and  Carriages  ;  William  B.  War- 
ren, (iroceries  and  Agricultural  Implements  ;  Dr.  W. 
.■\.  Frost,  Physician  and  Surgeon  ;  Dr.  F.  B.  Hanks, 
Drugs,  Dil.s  and  Paints;  Owen,  and  Clark  &  Son, 
Meat  Market  and  Groceries;  William  Bryan,  Post- 
master. Post  Office  and  residence;  W.  H.  Tlnling, 
General  .Store  ;  Temjierance  Hall  and  Lodge  of  K.  G. 
\i.:  S.  M.  Judsou.  Gi^neral  Store  ;  William  Chapel, 
Barber  and  Stationer  ;  Orson  Adsit,  Ciroceries  ;  Wil- 
liam B.  Wari'en  &  Son,  Furniture  and  Undertaking; 
Andrew  Reager,  Boot  and  Shoe  Shop;  John  H. 
Parker,  Groceries. 

This  fire  was  a  severe  blow  to  the  business 
of  the  little  Villai;e.  But  most  of  the  burned 
places  have  been  or  will  be  rebuilt. 

BALLOONING. 

As  a  j'oung  man  named  Hoag,  residing  si.x 
miles  from  Toledo,  and  in  Sylvania  Tounship, 
was  searching  a  piece  of  woods  for  missing 
shee|>  on  the  farm  of  Salmon  Miner,  iu  March, 
1859,  he  discovered  articles  of  clothing,  bones, 
etc.,  which  satisfied  him  that  a  human  body 
had  been  consumed  ordeca\  edat  that  point.  The 
next  morning  the  neighbors  tnrned  out  and 
proceeded  to  the  spot,  where  were  found  the 
articles  named  by  the  Iwy,  including  various 
bones,  boots  anil  clothing.  In  the  pockets 
were  found  a  silver  watch  ;  a  jack-knife  ;  a 
purse  with  8136  in  money;  and  a  letter  ad 
dressed  to  a  Mr.  Thurston.  Inqui^'y  at  Toledo 
soon  recalled  the  fact  of  the  loss  of  an  aeronaut 
of  that  name,  who  made  an  accidental  ascen- 
sion from  Adrian,  Mich.,  September  16,  1858, 
the  circumstances  which  were  as  follows: 

At  .S:30  A.  jr.  of  the  day  named,  in  company  with 
an  associate  (Mr.  Bannister),  Mr.  Thurston  made  an 
advertised   ascension,    and    successfully   landed    at 


Riga,  on  the  Lake  Shore  Railroad,  l)et«een  Adrian 
and  Sylvania.  Stepping  from  tlie  car,  they  |iroceed- 
ed  to  unfasten  it  and  nnnove  the  lu'tting  from  the  bal- 
loon, which,  turning  over,  rested,  neck  upward.  Mr. 
Thurston  got  strad<lle  of  the  main  valve,  a  wooden 
frame,  lixed  to  the  top  of  the  gas-.sack  (containing 
2o,()00  feet  of  gas),  and  Wiis  engaged  in  forcing  l)ack 
the  valve,  which  opened  inward,  at  the  same  time 
requesting  Mr.  P.anni.ster  to  untie  the  neck  of  the 
hag.  The  latter,  then  busy  with  the  netting,  neg 
lecled  to  do  this,  and  the  mniMcul  the  netting  was  oil", 
tliC  sack  sudilenly  arose,  with  M|-.  Thurston  clinging 
to  the  valve.  .Mr.  Bannister  instantly  gi-asped 
for  the  ascending  lialloon,  hut  Mr.  Thurston  cried, 
"Hold  on.  Bannister!  Slie  will  soon  come  down 
again,"-  sujiposing  the  neck  of  the  sack  to  have  been 
untied.  But  not  so.  Tip  tlic  balloon  ascended,  and 
when  last  seen  by  Bannister,  was  full  two  ndlcs  high, 
and  sailing  lapidly  Northward.  A  few  days  there- 
alter,  the  balloon  was  found  at  West  Tilbury, 
Caniiila  West,  with  the  dis(!  of  the  valve  torn  three- 
fourths  of  the  way  round.  It  was  assume(l  that  the 
silk  around  the  valve  ha<l  given  way,  thus  pri'cipilat- 
in^  Tluuston  to  the  earth.  No  tidings  hail  been  re- 
ceived of  him  at  the  time  of  the  discovery  in  Syl- 
vania. It  was  then  remembered,  that  on  the  day 
of  the  ascension,  a  boy  iu  the  neighborhood  of  Mr. 
Miner's  farm  told  a  neighbor  of  having  seen  some 
object  fall  into  the  same  woods,  to  which  lii.-s  atten- 
tion was  called  by  a  whistling  sound;  while  another 
boy,  at  the  .same  time,  saw  something  passing  over, 
very  high,  and  seeming  to  be  a  kite.  Investigation 
at  Adrian  soon  showed  the  remains  in  question  to 
have  been  those  of  the  lost  aeronaut.  The 
watch  had  stopped  at  11:40.  showing  the  time  of  the 
fatal  fall.  The  remains  of  Mr.  Thurston,  with  the 
articles  found,  were  taken  to  Adrian  and  delivered 
to  the  administrator  of  his  estate. 

In  this  connection  may  be  mentioned  the  former 
experience  of  Mr.  Bannister.  In  18.54,  with  little 
experience  in  ballooidng.  he  constructed  a  large 
balloon  at  .Adrian,  with  which,  afterseveral  attempts, 
he  made  an  ascension — .so  perfect,  in  fact,  he  badly 
froze  his  feet  from  getting  too  far  up,  and  was  crip- 
pled thereby.  He  hired  his  balloon  to  Timothy 
Winchester,  of  Mdan,  Ohio,  who  in  July,  lS.Vi, 
ascended  from  that  place,  and  landed  near  Hudson, 
Ohio,  a  distance  of  \'2b  miles  from  his  starling  jioint. 
On  this  trip  he  a.si'ended  until  he  became  insensible, 
and  remained  so  until,  by  descent,  the  balloon  reach- 
ed an  atmosphere  adudttingof  respiration.  l?ags  of 
wet  sand  with  him,  for  ballast,  were  frozen.  October 
4,  18.'i.5,  Mr.  Winchester  made  an  ascension  from 
Norwalk,  Ohio,  leaving  at  2  r.  .M.,  and  drifting  to  the 
Northwest,  soon  passed  out  of  view.  He  had  ex- 
pressed the  desire  to  ascend  higher  and  go  further 
than  any  other  aeronaut,  and  he  supposed  he  had  a 
gas  supply  for  three  days,  while  he  hail  but  2o  ll)s.  of 
ballast.  The  last  seen  of  him  was  as  he  passed  over 
the  Lake,  near  Vermillion.  Krie  County.  No  tidings 
were  ever  received  of  the  jiarticulars  of  his  fate. 


8% 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


WASHINQTON    TOWNSHIP. 


Washington  Township  lies  in  tlie  North- 
eastern ]iart  ot  Luc-as  County.  It  is  bounded 
on  the  North  by  the  State  of  Michigan  ;  on  the 
East  by  Maumee  Ba}'  ;  on  the  Southeast  by 
the  City  of  Toledo  ;  on  the  South  by  Adams 
Toynsiiip,  ;tnd  on  the  West  bj'  Sylvania.  It 
is  traversed  diagonally  from  Souihwest  to 
Northeast  by  the  Ottawa  Eiver  (Ten- Mile 
Creek),  which,  in  part  of  its  course,  forms  the 
boundary  line  between  the  Township  and  the 
City  of  Toledo.  Shantee  Creek  rises  in  the 
Western  part  of  tiie  Township,  and  pursuing  a 
course  nearly  parallel  with  that  of  the  Ottau  a 
River,  passes  out  of  the  Township  on  its  North- 
ern boundary  into  .Michigan.  The  soil  of  the 
Township  is  chiefly  of  an  arable  and  )iroduc- 
tive  character,  and  is  highly  cultivated  by  an 
enterprising  and  prosperous  class  of  farmers. 

Washington  To>vnship  was  originallj*  part  of 
Port  Lawrence  Townshi]),  and  was  .set  oft'  and 
organized  in  1840,  its  territory  eml)racing  the 
whole  of  Townsiiip  Nine,  South  of  Range  Seven 
Kast,  except  the  Southeast  corner  included 
within  the  original  rimitsofthe  City  of  Toledo. 

EARLY    LAND    ENTRIES    IN    OEHilNAL    PORT    LAW- 
RENCE   TOWNSIIIP. 

UNITEn   STATES    RESERVE,    TOWN    THREE. 

Section  2,  J.  H.  Piatt,  Robert  Piatt,  J.  A.  North  and 
VVra.  W.  >Vorthington,  1S19,  320  acres. 

Section  3,  .J.  H.  Piatt.  1818,  480  acres. 

Section  4,  Allen  Warner,  IS:!:!,   120  acres. 

Section  4,  David  IJurton,  IS!!;!,  80  acres. 

Section  4,  Ciiarles  Burton,  183:;.  80  acres. 

Section  10,  George  Wadsvvorth  and  Jonas  Williaius, 
1831,  lliO  acres. 

Section  10.  Thomas  Bishop,  1833,  SO  acres. 

Section  10,  Henry  Roop,  1820,  SO  acres. 

RANGE    SEVEN,    TOWN    NINE. 

Section  23,  Joseph  Martin,  1824,  80  acres. 
Section  23.  Eben  Burgess,  1826,  80  acres. 
Section  23.  Eli  flubhard,  1820,  SO  acres. 
Section  23.  Moses  G.  Benjamin,  1822,  80  acres. 
Section  24^  Sanford  L.  Collins,  1832,  14.5.11  acres. 
Section  24,  Thomas  Bishop,  1822,  ISti.GU  acres. 
Section  24,  Walter  Titus,  Jr.,  1838,  .57.08  acres. 
Section  2.5,  TliaJdeus  K.  Austin,  1822,  KiO  acres. 
Section  25,  Sherman  Page,  1822,  160  acres. 
Section  20,  S.  W.  Kennell  and  J.  M.  Whitney,  1831, 

80  acres. 
Section  2(5,  Michael  S.  Whitnev,  1831,  80  acres. 
Section  2(i.  Noah  .VI.  Wliitney,"  1824,  SO  acres. 
Section  20,  Anderson  Martin,  1825,  80  acres. 
Section  20,  Dexter  Fisher,  1825,  SO  acres. 
Section  20,  William  Hollister,  .fr.,  1820,  160  acres. 
Section  3.5,  Elkanah  Briggs,  1832,  81.00  acres. 
Section  35.  J.  W.  Forbes,  1825.  80  acres. 
Section  35,  Walter  Colton,  1825,  80  acres. 
Section  35.  Daniel  Murray,  1823,  84.72  acres. 
Section  36,  B.  F.  Stickney,  1821,  80  acres. 
Section  36  Thaddeus  R.  Austin,  1S22    160  acres. 
Section  ISO,  .loseph  Roop,  1823,  80  acres. 

•  RANGE   EKiHT,    TOWN    NINE. 

Section  19,  Joseph  A.  Trimble,  1832,  94.17  acres. 
Section  19,  Benjamin  F.  Tyler,  1836,  75.41  acres. 


Section  20,  Marv  Lavoi.K,  1821,  77.68  acres. 
Section  21,  Charles  M.  Giddings,  1836,  680  acres. 
Section  21,  Seth  Wright,  1843,  .30.23  acres. 
Section  29,  Pierre  Seuecale,  1821,  104.51  acres. 
Section  29,  B.  B.  Kerchival,  1S21.  80.96  acres. 
Section  30,  Samuel  C.  Hitchcock.  1832.  80  acres. 
Section  30,  Benj.  F.  Stickney,  1831,  SO  acres. 
Section  30,  William  Wilson,  1821,  80  acres. 
Section  30,  Sherman  Page,  1822,  160  acres. 
Section  31,  L.  Chapman  and  Ezra  Bailey,  1828.    72.28 

acres. 
Section  31,  Bonj.  F.  Stickney,  1821,  149.85  acres. 
Section  32,  David  Shaw.  1839,  31  acres. 
Section  32,  Horatio  G.  Cozzens.  1842    80  acres. 
Section  32,  A.  W.  Maddock.s  and  Fred.  Prentice,  1848, 

SO  acres. 
Section  0,  Wm.  M.  Rynd,  1832,  80  acres. 
Section  o,  Alex.  Scranton,  1832,  SO  acres. 
Section  0,  Edward  Bissell,  1827,  141.35  acres. 
Section  (!,  Merceno  Fox,  1830,  SO  acres. 
Section  7,  Jerome  Smith,  1833.  SO  acres. 
Section  7,  Philo  Burnett,  18:i3,  120  acres. 
Section  7,  Hiram  Brown,  1832,  SO  acres. 
Section  7,  John  Fossett,  1832,  80  acres. 
Section  7,  Oliver  Stevens,  1832,  80  acres. 
Section  7,  Enoch  Wade,  1832.  S0.7  acres. 
Section  7,  Ebenezer  Wade,  1 832.  80  acres. 
Section  7,  John  Moore,  1833,  40  acres. 

RANGE   SEVEN,    TOWN    NINE. 

Section  1,  Charles  Levoy,  1836,  29.20  acres. 
Section  1,  John  Dowding.  1825. 
Section  1,  John  Hollister.  1825. 
Section  1,  John  Hitchcock,  1834. 
Section  2,  James  Southard.  1833,  161.48  acres. 
Section  2.  Wm.  Willuson,  1832,  80  acres. 
Section  2,  Amos  Waite,  1832,  80  acres. 
Section  2,  Dorby  Gritlin,  1832,  160  acres. 
Section  3,  James  Southard.  1832,  2.35.15  acre. 
Section  3,  Jackson  Hoag,  18.32.  154.45  acres. 
Section  3,  John  Lamliert,  1832,  SO  acres. 
Section  4,  Silas  Smith,  1832,  40  acres. 
Section  4,  Horace  Thacker,  1834,  40  acres. 
Section  4,  Philo  M.  Stevens,  1834,  80  acres. 
Section  5,  Jacob  Harwood,  1835,  40  acres. 
Section  5.  Robert  McLelland,  18.-J5,  40  acres. 
Section  5,  .James  P.  Worden,  1834,  S0.08  acres. 
Section  5,  Thcynas  Oorlett,  1834,  40  acres. 

Zepheniah  Shaw,  1835.  40  acres. 

liobert  Dolby,  1834,  46  acres. 

Abraham  Hitier,  1834,  40  acres. 
Section  5,  Lyman  Smith.  1833,  40  acres. 
Section  5,  William  Brock.  1834,  40.88, 
Section  5,  Jacob  Harwood,  1833,  80  acres. 
Section  5,  Wm.  Wilkison,  1824,  80  acres. 
Section  6,  Edward  Doty,  1835,  40  acres. 
Section  0.  Stephen  L.  Filkiift,  1835,  93.76  acres. 
Section  6,  Benjamin  Mallctt,  1834,  48.70  acres. 
Section  0.  Isaac  Doty,   1884,  40  acres. 
Section  0,  L.  Lewis    1834,  39.47  acres. 
Section  6.  Adolphns  Majors,  1833,  40  acres. 
Section  6,  Adolphns  Majors.  Jr..  1833,  40  acres. 
Section  6   Benj.  Mallett.  D.  Mallett  and  Benj.  Mallctt, 

Jr.,  1824,  97.42  acres 
Section  8,  Townsend  Bartlett.  1833,  160  acres. 
Section  S   John  and  Christian   Fungunten,  1834,  1 00 

acres. 
.Section  9,  Sylvester  B.  Worden.  1833,  40  acres. 
Section  9,  Christian  Roop,  1833.  80  acres. 
Section  9,  Philo  M.  Stevens,  1S3.3,  80  .acres. 
Section  9,  Peter  Lewis.  1834,  80  acres. 
Section  10,  Milton  M.  Morris,  18.33,  40  acres. 


WASIJINQTON  TOWNSHIP. 


897 


Section  10,  Joseph  Roop,  1833,  80  acres. 

Section  10,  John  Lewis,  1833,  40  acres. 

Section  10,  William  Lewis,  1S3:>,  SO  acres. 

Section  10,  Jdhn  Knlirausli,  ISIW,  80  acres. 

Section  10,  Isaac  1'..  Wonlcn,  1S3L',  40  acres. 

Section  10,  Benjamin  Roop.  1S3II,  SI)  acres. 

Section  11,  S.  L.  Collins,  is:!l,  SO  acres. 

Section  11,  S.  B.  Comstock,  1831,  80  acres. 

Section  11,  Milton  M.  Morris,  1S33,  40  acres. 

Section  11,  James  Sullivan,  1831,  KiO  acres. 

Section  11,  William  Tavcrnor,  1831,  KiO  acres. 

Section  12,  Eben  Burgess,  183.">,  40.90  acres. 

Section  13,  David  Lewis,  1S32.  -"lO.OO  acres. 

Section  13,  Thomas  Bishop.  1823.  IS4.S0aeres. 

Section  14.  Peter  Lewis,  1832,  SO  acres. 

Section  14,  Thomas  Bishop,  1824,  SO  acres. 

Section  14,  Benj.  F.  Stickney,  1821.  SO  acres. 

Section  14,  Ebenezer  Wade,  1822,  80  acres. 

Section  14,  Eli  Hubbard,  1823,  80  acres. 

Section  1.5,  Edmund  A.  Bush,  1832,  80  acres. 

Section  15,  John  Walworth,   1824,  80  acres. 

Section  l."!,  Joseph  Martin.  182."i,  100  acres. 

Section  l."i,  John  Levbonrnc.  1830,  SO  acres. 

Section  1.5,  William  Sibley,  1822,  80  acres. 

.■Section  Hi,  Eli  Gray,  1834,  120  acres. 

Section  17,  James  Bellows,  183.5,  40  acres. 

Section  17,  John  H.  Kellogg,  1835,  40  acres. 

Section  17,  Clark  P.  Cartwright,  1834,  40  acres. 

Section  17,  Nicliolas  Wells,  1834,  40  acres. 

Section  17,  Thomas  B.  Whitnev,  I S.34,  40  acres. 

Section  18,  Jeremiah  Case,  1835,  48.55  acres. 

Section  18,  Rufus  C'onant.   1835,  07.11  acres. 

Section  18,  Sally  Case,  1835,  40  acres. 

Section  18,  A.  Mercer,  1835.  120  acres. 

Section  18,  John  Scott,  1835,  80  acres. 

Section  IS,  Ira  Fancher,  1834,  80  acres. 

Section  10,  Ale.x.  P.  Jones,  1835.   145.22  acres. 

Sectioii  19,  George  C.  Williams,  1835,  48.41  acres. 

Section  19,  David  Jones,  1834,  80  acres. 

Section  19,  Silas  Long,  1834,  40  acres. 

Section  19,  Joel  ;\Iarsh,  1S34,  40  acres. 

Section  19,  Edward  Wolverton,  1824,  120  acres. 

Section  19,  Caleb  Tucker,  1834,  90.32  acres. 

Section  19,  Chandler  Tucker,  1834,  48.15  acres. 

Section  19,  Charles  L.  Tucker,  1S34,  48.10  acres. 

Section  20,  John  C.  Divine,  1834,  40  acres. 

Section  20,  Elisha  StillwcU  1833,  160  acres. 

Section  20,  Henry  J.  Hare,  1833,  80  acres. 

Section  20,  Marvin  Haughton,  1833,  160  acres. 

Section  20,  Job  Smith,  1S34,  80  acres. 

Section  21,  Joseph  C.  Trask,  1S33,  40  acres. 

Section  21,  Nicholas  Wells,  1833,   40  acres. 

Section  21,  John  Mattoon,  1833,  40  acres. 

Section  21,  Philip  Mattoon,  1833,  40  acres. 

Section  21,  Selden  Ba.ldwin,  1833   40  acres. 

Section  21,  John  A.  Giardner,  1833,  40  acres. 

Section  21,  Andrew  Jacobs,  1832,  120  acres. 

Section  21,  Oliver  Johnson,  1832,  80  acres. 

Section  21,  Daniel  Murray,  1825,  80  acres. 

Section  21,  Stephen  Haughton,  1834,  40  acres. 

Section  22,  John  Holmes,  1824,  .80  acres. 

Section  22,  Eben  Burgess,  182',  160  acres. 

Section  22,  Alvin  Evans  and  Andrew  Jacobs,   1825, 

80  acres. 
Section  22,  Wm.  H.  Sabin,  1825,  80  acres. 
Section  22,  John  Roop,  1S23,  80  acres. 
Section  28,  Samuel  Sibley,  1833,  80  acres. 
Section  28,  Nathaniel  Glenn,  1834,  40  acres. 
Section  28,  Joseph  us  Barker.  1825,  320  acres. 
Section  28,  Jonathan  Huntley,  1833.  160  acres. 
Section  29,  Cyrus  Haughton,  1833,  160  acres. 
Section  29,  Daniel  Brown,  1832,  160  acres. 
Section  29,  David  White,  1832,  80  acres. 
Section  29,  Cornelius  Mercereau,  1834,  40  acres. 
Section  29,  Evans  &  Downey,  1825,  80  acres. 
Section  30,  Justus  Brown,  1833,  80  acres. 
Section  30,  Hiram  Brown,  1833,  40  acres. 


Section  30,  Daniel  Brown,  1832,  80  acres. 
Section  30,  Wm.  J.  Wood,  1834,  91.26  acres. 
Section  32.  Alvin  Evans,  1.S25,  80  acres. 
Section  32,  Benj.  Farnsworth,  1823,  80  acres. 

KANCE  EICillT.  TOWN  .NINE. 

Section  2,  Ira  R.  (.irosvenor,  1836,  I8.(i6  acres. 
Section  3,  John  B.  Gee,  1836,  46.99  acres. 
Section  3,  Lewis  Moran,  1836,  24.76  acres. 
Section  3.  Oliver  A.  Morse,  1836.  160.,SS  acres. 
Section  3,  Guillaine  Fi>urmain,  1836,  30.()6  acres. 
Section  4,  Alexis  1/abidie,  1836,  62  acres. 
Section  5,  .loliu  P.  Cole,  183s,  ,80 acres. 
Section  5,  Wm.  Hoskins,  1838,  80  acres. 
Section  5,  ICdwaril  ■\hiv.  1838,  SO  acres. 
Section  5,  Horatio  J.  OUott,  1.S3S,  137.20  acres. 
Section  6,  John  Wendell,  184:'.,  160 acres: 
Section  (i,  Sally  Shaw,  1838,  80  acres. 
Section  7,  John  W.  Tunnecliir,  183(i.  "0.54  acres. 
Section  7,  Matthew  Hollenbeck.  18:!(),  160  acres. 
Section  7,  Hannah  Hancock,  1836,  80  acres. 
Section  7.  Millard  Trull,  is:i6,  160  acres. 
Section  7,  Seth  Wright.  is:',6.  so  acres. 
Section  8,  Stephen  Bollett,  is:;6,  140.00  acres. 
Section  8,  Daniel  Buck,  1838,  80  acres. 
Section  8,  Francis  L.  Nicliols,  1838.  30.10  acres. 
Section  8,  Luke  Cahoo,  1S3S,  80  acres. 
Section  9,  Peter  Allop,  1836,  SO  acres. 

It  will  be  seen  from  the  foresoing  list,  who 
made  the  earliest  entries  of  lands  in  the  original 
Township  of  Port  Lawrence,  as  well  as  in  that 
])art  which  is  now  Washington  Townshi]). 
John  H.  Piatt  entered  the  North  half  of  the 
Northwest  quarter  of  Section  3,  Range  .">,  Town 
',)  (now  in  Monroe  County,  Michigan)  in  1S18. 
In  Section  23,  Township  9,  Eange  7  East,  Kli 
Hubbard,  Thomas  Bishop  and  Moses  G.  Benja- 
min entered  their  land  in  1822;  Joseph  Martin 
and  Elienezer  Burgess,  in  1824.  In  Section  25, 
Township  9,  Range  7  East,  Sherman  Page  and 
Thaddeus  E.  Au.stin  entered  land  in  1822;  and 
in  Section  2(5,  Township  9,  Range  7  East, 
Thomas  Bishop  and  Noah  A.  Whitney,  in  1824  ; 
William  Hollister  made  the  first  entry  in 
Section  26,  same  Township  and  Range,  in  1820; 
B.  F.  Stickney  entered  the  first  80  acres  in 
Section  36  in  1821.  The  list  shows  the  dates 
ot  a  large  number  of  other  early  entries  in 
originalPort  Fjawrence,  as  well  as  in  that  ]iar( 
which  is  now  Washington  Township. 

TRANSFERS    OK    REAT,    EST.\TE. 

Laurent  Dourochci  to  Dominique  Suzor  and 
Francis  Menard,  1.50  acres,  1808. 

Moses  Benjamin  of  Chenango  County,  New  York, 
to  Eli  Hubbard  of  Detroit,  80  acres,  for  ^KiO;   1.S25. 

Thomas  Bishop  to  Amasa  Bishop,  July,  182.5— .80 
acres  for  $125;  patentt-d  to  Thoma.s  Bisliop  in  April, 
1825,  at  $100.  Part  of  this  sold  by  Amassa  Bishop 
about  1874  at  !i!l..500  per  acre. 

Henry  Phillips  to  Conrad  Kunkle,  1834. 

Philip  I.  Phillips  to  Sanford   L.  Collins,  18.35. 

Alfred  Davis  to  Betsey  tJray,  18.35. 

Paul  (nioin  to  Daniel  Chase,  .\pril,  183() ;  one- 
fourth  part  of  the  ''tiuoin  farm,"  North  of  Manhat- 
tan ;  fi>r  $8,000. 

Erastus  Cone  to  Blacksley  H.   Bush,  Nov.,  1835. 

James  Owen  to  Samuel  G.  Turner,  46  acres,  $.55, 
March,  1827. 

Dexter  Fisher  to  J.  V.  D.  Sutphen,  70  acres,  1828, 


898 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Wm.   Siblej'  to  Andrew  Jacobs,   20  acres,  |25; 
.  June,  1K2G. 

Dexter  Fisher  to  Hiram  Bartlett,  April,  1828. 
Win.  Siblev  to  John  P.  Lewis,  180  acres,  $1,200, 
May,  1S:!0. 

Richard  Lambert  to  Kichard  H.  Lewis,  July,  1.S30. 
Henry  Phillips  to  Townsend  Bartlett,  2  acres,  |2.3  ; 
Novcnilier,  Ks:jl. 

Cyrus  Fisher  to  Philip  I.  Phillips,  March,  1834. 
P.  I.  Phillips  to  Weeden  Worden,  September,  1<S2."). 
John  Levhourne  to  Isaac  B.  Wonlen,  (i  acres,  ij^lS  ; 

James  C.  Trask  to  Lyman  Haughton,  1834. 

J.  V.  D.  Sufphen  to  Hiram  Bartlett,  70  acres,  in 
fractional  Section  :!(i,  on  East  road  leading  from 
Fisher's  to  Port  Lawrence,  May  4th,  l.s:;3.  "  Price, 
^800,  with  right  to  use  the  "  Springs  liefoie  the  door 
of  Hiram  Bartlett." 

Philip  I.   Phillips  to  Weeden  Worden,  Sept.  1835. 

Thos.  Southard  and  James  Southard  to  H.  D. 
Mascjn,  March,  1.S3(.1,  acknowledged  befcjre  Horaci; 
Tliachcr,  Justice  I'eacc  for  Port  Lawrence  Tovvnsliip, 
51onroe  County,  Michigan,  at  Tremainesville. 

Phil.  Harding  to  Andrew  Palmer,  Decendjer,  LS3(), 
15  acres  in  Port  Lawrence  Township,  next  to  Noah 
A.  Whitney,  on  Territorial  Road. 

Philip  L  Phillips  to  Abram  Gordinier  ami  Lyman 
Warren,  January,  1837. 

John  Knaggs  to  John  B.  Arnold.  April,  1S45. 

John  B.  Arnold  to  Samuel  Blanchard,  April,  184(i. 

County  Auditor  to  Lyman  Haughton,  Jan.,  1.S47. 
"  Benj.  Mallett  to  Wilfard  Smith,  November,  1836. 

Samuel  I.  Keeler  to  Lucius  Keeler,  March,  1838. 

Heman  Walbridge  to  Walter  H.Lathrop,  ]\Ich.  '38. 

Isaac  Tremaine  to  John  L.  Edgerton,  -luly,  1837. 

Chas.  Tiney  to  James  Hull,  October,  183(1 

Era.stus  Ewers  to  Daniel  Chase,  October,  1835. 

David  W.  Hawley  to  Luke  Draper,  June,  1835. 

John  W.  Collins  "to  Edwin  Randall,  Sept..  1838. 

Lsaac  Tremain  to  Jedediah  Jessup,  July,  1838. 

Elkanah  Briggsto  Wm.  Owen,  December,  18.38. 

Nathan  D.  Mallett  to  Benj.  Mallett,  October,  1838. 

Benj.  Mallet  to  John  Nicholas,  October,  1.S38. 

Samuel  Sibley  to  Chi-istopher  Gunn,  April.  1838. 

John  T.  Peterson  to  Isaac  and  Calvin  Tremaine, 
June,  1S3U. 

John  Fitch  to  Jamfs  Palmer,  January,  1S41. 

Robert  McClelland  and  W.  E.  Wing  "to  Calvin  H. 
Bentley,  October,  1840. 

Joseph  W.  Turnerto  John  P.  Tremaine,  April,  '41. 

Coleman  I.  Keeler  to  John  Bruse,  January,  1841. 

Jacob  Rots  to  Peter  Duso,  March,  1841. 

Thos.  J.  Dobbins  to  Robert  Patten,  October,  1841. 

Benj.  and  Stephen  Sibley,  Hezekiah  Huntley, 
Priscilla  Huntley,  Andrew  A.  Sape.  Millacent  Sape 
and  Hannah  Smith,  heirs  of  Wm.  Siblev,  to  Eleazer 
N.  Smith.  October,  1841. 

Wm.  Wilki.son  to  John  J.  Wilkison,  Julv,  1841. 

Benj.  South  to  Robert  Talbot,  Jlav.  l.S4l". 

Benj.  MalUitt,  Jr.,  to  Steidien  Marsh,  July,  1.S41. 

Daniel  Mulholland  to  John  Peter  Gribbiu,  Septem- 
ber, 1S42. 

Patrick  McCarty  to  Alvin  Evans,  October,  1842. 

United  States  to  Daniel  Brown,  September,  1835. 

Philo  B.  Scott  to  Henry  H.  Brown,  December,  '42. 

Chas.  H.  Stewart  of  Detroit  to  John  Baptiste  Pur- 
cell,  Bishop  of  the  Catholic  Church,  t'incinnati, 
October,  1842,  undivided  fourth  part  of  a  debt  due  to 
said  Stewart  from  Philip  I.  Phillips  of  Tremaines- 
ville, and  in  a  certain  piece  of  land  or  farm  adjoining 
Tremainesville,  such  transfer  being  made  to  secure 
Bishop  Purcell  in  an  advance  made  on  the  purchase 
of  property  in  Toledo  for  the  benefit  of  the  Roman 
Catholic  Society  of  that  City. 

Erastus  G.  Back  to  Orlando  Brown,  October,  1837. 

Edward  Goodrich  to  Nathaniel  Tremaine,  August, 
1841. 


Jona.  Bush  to  Blakesly  H.  Bush,  January,  1843. 

Moses  Cowell  to  Purcell  C.  Turner,  April",  1843. 

Noah  A.  Whitney  to  Joseph  Smith,  April,  1843. 

Sarah  Brockband  to  Richard  Greenwood,  April 
1843. 

Sylvester  Brown  to  Wm.  T.  Tremaine,  June,  18-f2. 

Nancy  Merrill  to  Seth  Cothren,  October,  1842. 

Benj.  Allen  to  Wm.  E.  Thorn.  December,  1843. 

Luke  Draper  to  Henry  Cook,  January,  1.84(). 

James  Brown  to  Roswell  Chenev,  Januarv.  1844. 

State  of  Ohio  to  Luke  Cahoo,  October,  1.843! 

James  W.  Knaggs  to  Jesse  Turner,  .September  '  II 

.bie  Marsh  to  Horace  Marsh,  1.844. 

Peter  Cooney  to  Geo.  L.  Luteman,  Octdber,  1844. 

Erastus  Cone  to  Henry  Mcicereau,  September,  "43. 

Peter  Lewis  to  David  Lewis,  Ai)ril,  1.840. 

Roswell  Cheney  to  Abner  L.  Backus.  January,  '45. 

John  Lewis  to  David  Lewis   December,  1844. 

David  Byrne  to  Thos.  Tyriell,  .March,  1845. 

Seth  Wright  to  David  B.  Mooney,  Septendjci',  '45. 

Jo.seph  Goodrich  to  Moses  Cowell,  February.  1845. 

County  Auditor  to  Thomas  Corlett,  March!  1.845. 

John    Bai)tiste    Deshelter  to  Archange   Corncau, 
February,  1846. 

James  Myers  to  Adam  Specs,  March,  184(). 

Lorenzo  P.  Wing  to  Jacob  Clark,  March,  1846. 

Benj.  Mallett,  Jr.,  to  James  Carter.  June.  1844. 

Acy  Boyce  to  Robert  and  Noah  Webber.  June,  '46. 

Dexter  FLsher  to  Hiram  Bartlett  and  Chas.  1. 
Keeler,  July,  1835. 

Conrad  Kunkle  to  Abram  Ware,  November,  1845. 

8arah  Brockbank  to  John  Brockbank,  Feb.,  1848. 

State  of  Ohio  to  Moreau  .lllen,  January,  1844. 

John  P.  Freeman  to  Geo.  C.  Benn,  October,  1,847. 

Benj.  Alallett  to  Geo.  Bennett,  November,  1846. 

Jeremiah  Micham  to  Henry  Hampshire,  Nov.  '47. 

Erastus  Stone  to  Aijah  Cone,  February,  1847. 

State  of  Ohio  to  Wm.  Hoskins.  October,  1843. 

Moses  Cowell  to  Peter  .Martin,  November,  1841. 

James  Myers  to  Nathaniel  Glann,  January,  1846. 

Elisha  Stilwell  to  James  Fergerson,  June.  1847. 

Daniel  Chase  to  Scantschi.  March.  1847. 

James  Myers  to  James  Jlickens,  November.  1846. 

E.  D.  Potter  to  James  Southard,  April,  1847. 

County  Auditor  to  Milton  Barrett,  June,  1847. 

Henrv  Cook  to  Philip  Schram  and  Jacob  Best, 
July,  1847. 

John  Dixon  to  Abiah  Cornwell,  October,  1.838. 

Martin  Kratt  to  .Simuel  Youst,  October,  1847. 

Thos.  Bishop  to  Samuel  Blanchard.  Nov.,  1848. 

Christopher  Gunn  to  Geo.  C.  Williams,  Nov..  1848. 

D.  0.  Morton  to  Eliza  R.  Baldwin,  December,  '48. 

Peter  Morone  to  Peter  Minney.  March.  1846. 

Eleazer  N.  Smith  to  Wm.  and  Samuel  Leybourne, 
October,  1848. 

Daniel  Chase  to  John  DeShetler,  January,  1849. 

Hezekiali  Huntlev,  Benj.  Sibley,  et  al.,  to  Eleazer 
N.  Smith.  April.  184.5'. 

James  Bertholf  to  Nicholas  and  Peter  Reppeng, 
Octobee^  1847. 

John  Brock  to  Chas.  G.   Mallett,  November,  1844. 

Amasa  Bishop  to  Joseph  I).  Johnson,  a  lease  for 
4  years  of  40  acresof  land  in  the  East  half  of  the  South- 
west quarter  of  Section  27,  Washington  Townshi]i, 
conditioned  that  lessee  leave  the  land  well  cleared 
and  fenced.  Said  lands  are  now  included  in  Auburn- 
dale  Addition  to  the  City  of  Toledo. 

S.  L.  Collins  to  James  S.  Whiting,  November,  '46. 
John  Olmsted  to  Horace  Card,  October,  1847. 
County  Auditor  to  Solomon  A.  Stebbins,  July,  '48. 

Joseph  Striker  to  Geo.  Striker,  June,  1848. 

.lerome  Myers  to  Henrv  Neahcuser,  June,  1846. 

Benj.  Mallett  to  Allen  "Bnrk.  .luly.  1.847. 

Jeniah  Odell  to  Adrian  G.  Van  Houton,  Aug.,  '48. 

James  Cheney  to  Joseph  D'lsay,  June,  184;i. 

Lewis  Lambert  to  Jerry  Woodward,  July,  1849. 

Henry  Phillips  and   Sanford  L.  Collins  to  Slichac, 


WASHINGTON  TOWNSHIP. 


899 


T.  Wliitnoy,  Xovemhor,  1^3(1,  onc-thirtl  interest  in  7S 
lots  in  the  Vill;i);e  of  raiiTield  on  tlic  Indiana  Uoad, 
tlic  plat  of  wliicli  was  ivijorded  June,  1.S3G. 

IMiilip  I.  ridllips  to  Horace  Thacher  and  Michael 
T.  Whitney. 

Philo  r.ennettto  Ahrani  Iladley,  Aprih  is:!5. 
Eli  Gray  to  Isaiic  Kush   DecL'iuber,  ISSil. 

KARI.Y  SETTLERS. 

Settlements  were  made  in  Washington  Town- 
ship soon  after  those  ahini;  the  River  bank, and 
included  in  the  Twelve-Mile  Square  Reserve; 
notwithstanding  the  Government  lantls  outside 
of  the  Eeserve  were  not  then  in  market,  and 
were  not  oflered  until  after  the  act  of  Congress 
of  April,  1820,  changing  the  mode  and  manner 
of  selling  the  public  lands  from  that  of  credit 
at  §4.00  per  acre,  to  that  of  casb,  at  the  single 
rate  of  SI. 25.  Yet,  the  notoriety  obtained  for 
this  section  of  countrj'  through  the  eiforts  of 
operators  from  Cincinnati,  under  the  name  of 
the  "  Cincinnati  Company,"  in  their  attempt 
to  start  a  commercial  Town  at  the  mouth  of 
Swan  Creek  in  1817,  drew  hither  raanj'  adven- 
turers and  speculators.  Out  of  these  efforts  on 
the  part  of  the  Cincinnati  Comjjanj',  all  that 
remained  in  1831  was  the  old  log  Ware  house 
at  the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek  and  the  block- 
liouso  standing  on  the  high  bluff  which  at  that 
time  stooti  near  the  Northwest  corner  of  Jeffer- 
son and  Summit  Streets.  This  block-house,  as 
already  stated,  was  improvised  into  a  store  and 
supplied  with  goods  hx  Lewis  Godard  of  De- 
troit in  December,  1831,  under  a  contract  with 
Major  Stickiiey. 

Among  those  who  were  attracted  here  by  the 
notoriety  given  to  the  place  through  the  Cin- 
cinnati Company,  and  afterwards  were  among 
the  oldest  and  most  prominent  settlers  of  what 
is  now  Washington  Township,  the  following 
may  be  mentioned  :  Major  Coleman  I.  Keeler, 
in  1817,  came  from  Onondaga  Co>inty,  New 
York,  with  a  large  famil}'  of  sons  and  daugh- 
ters, and  afterwards  settled  on  the  Northwest 
quarter  of  Section  2(5.  They  were  a  family  of 
a  good  deal  of  prominence  in  after  years;  but 
fevv  of  the  familj^  are  now  living.  Major  Keelcr 
died  in  I8ti3,  aged  8()  years,  leaving  a  second 
wife  and  one  son  by  her;  the  widow,  a  most 
estimable  lad}',  still  lives,  in  the  91st  year  of 
her  age. 

Contemporary  with  Major  Keeler  were  Wni. 
Sibley  and  Eli  Hubbard — Sibley  from  Monroe 
County,  New  Y^irk,  and  Hubbard  from  Berk- 
shire ("ountj^,  Massachusetts.  Mr.  Sibley  first 
settled  on  Half- Way  Creek,  in  the  Nortli  part 
of  present  Washington.  (This  was  prior  to  the 
survey  and  bringing  into  market  of  the  public 
lands  outside  of  tiie  Reserve.)  He  resiiled 
there  several  yeai's  with  his  wife,  having  no 
children  ;  but,  unfortunately,  got  into  trouble 
with  the  Indians,  his  only  neigiibors,  and  re- 
ceived wounds  from  whicli  he  never  fully 
recovered.  Upon  the  survey  of  the  ]uiblic 
lauds  and  the  opening  of  a  land  office  at  Mon- 


roe, Mr.  Sibley  entered  tlie  East  half  of  Soutli- 
east  quarter  of  Sections  14  and  1.').  now  jiart  of 
West  Toledo.  In  1S:J(I,  he  sold  to  Peter  iiCwis 
and  entered  Northeast  (piarter  Section  21,  the 
farm  now  owned  and  <>ccu}iied  l)y  E.  N.  Sinilli, 
a  nejihew  of  Mr.  Sibley-.  Mr.  Sibley  died  in 
183ti,  aged  about  00  years,  lie  was  a  brother 
of  .ludge  Sildey  of  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

Eli  Hubbani  .settled  first  on  the  East  half  of 
what  is  now  Woodlawn  Cemetery  (the  land  not 
then  in  market),  on  the  line  of  tlie  old  Military 
Road,  where  he  built  his  first  cabin,  and  where 
his  son  Hiram  was  born.  The  latter,  in  his 
"(ith  year,  is  now  living  in  Sylvania  Township. 
Mr.  Hubbard's  first  entrj'  ot  land  was  that  of 
the  Northeast  quarter  of  Section  23,  and  be 
settled  on  the  North  side  of  Ten-Mile  Creek, 
now  on  Lagrange  Street,  where  most  of  his 
large  family  were  born.  In  1836,  he  sold  to 
John  Knaggs,  and  entered  land  in  Sylvania, 
where  he  died  in  ISati,  aged  tJ7  years.  Mr. 
Hubbard  was  a  man  of  sterling  integrity,  hav- 
ing the  full  confidence  of  his  neighbors.  He 
was  Supervisor  of  Port  Lawrence  Township 
when  under  Michigan  control,  after  which  he 
was  County  C'onimissioner  for  Lucas  County 
for  two  successive  terms. 

Major  Noah  A.  Whitney,  with  his  family  of 
ten  cliililren— five  .sons  and  five  daughters — 
two  of  the  latter  being  daughters  of  his  then 
second  wife  (a  Mrs.  Rose),  prioi'  to  her  marriage 
with  Mr.  Whitney,  and  two  children  (a  son  and 
a  daughter)  by  the  second  marriage.  This 
familj',  witb  the  exce])tion  of  the  oldest  son, 
Noah  A.,  Jr.,  who  followed  soon  after,  left  On- 
ondaga Countj-,  New  York,  in  Se|)teniber,  1822, 
for  Detroit,  via  Canada,  with  their  household 
goods  in  covered  wagons.  One  ot  the  wagons 
was  drawn  by  two  yokes  of  oxen,  auiTtue  other 
by  horses.  In  this  manner  they  started  on 
their  journey,  .nid  in  soniethini;  over  four 
weeks  reached  i'etroit,  having  been  nine  days 
in  getting  through  the  Foi-ty-ilile  Woods.  No 
accident  worthy  of  note  occurred  during  the 
long  and  tedious  journey.  Major  Whitney  was 
by  |)rofession  a  iManufacturer  of  Iron,  and  was 
atti-acted  hei'e  by  reports  that  large  ijiiantities 
of  the  finer  qualities  of  iron  oi'e  were  to  be 
found  in  Michigan.  After  spending  a  good 
deal  of  time  and  money  in  pros])ecting  for  such 
ore  without  success,  he  came  with  his  family  to 
Monroe,  and  there  remained  till  the  Summer  of 
1824,  when  he  purchased  from  the  (iovernment 
the  East  half  of  the  Southwest  quarter  of 
Section  20,  now  bounded  on  the  East  liy  Col- 
lingwood  Avenue,  on  the  South  by  Bancroft 
Street,  on  the  North  by  Delaware  Avenue, 
where  he  built  a  block-liouse  of  considerable 
size  into  which  he  moved  his  family  in  the  Fall 
of  1824.  This  bouse  was  in  the  rear  of  .Messrs. 
Laskey,  Noel  an<i  Image's  present  residences, 
llei'c  Major  Whitney  lived  until  iiis  death,  in 
December,  1.^34,  aged  (14  years. 

Major  Whitney  was  the  father  of  No;ili    \. 


900 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Whituey,  Jr.,  and  Thomas  P.  Whitney,  who 
settled  on  the  Southeast  quarter  of  Section  27, 
on  what  is  now  Detroit  Avenue.  Noah  A.  died 
in  1873,  aged  74  years,  leaving  one  child,  a  son, 
b}'  a  second  wife.  Thoma.s  P.  Whitney  lelt 
three  children — one  son  and  two  daughters; 
the  son  died  in  Marcli,  1885 ;  the  daughters  are 
both  living,  and  also  the  widow,  who  resides  on 
Monroe  Street  and  is  in  the  74th  year  of  her 
age.  One  of  the  daughters  of  Mrs.  Major 
Whitney  prior  to  her  second  marriage.  Miss 
Mary  Eose,  became  the  wife  of  Dr.  J.  V.  D. 
Sutjihen,  a  young  physician  Irom  New  Jersey, 
in  182(5.  Dr.  Sutphen  u  assomewhat  prominent 
in  public  matters,  as  well  as  a  Physician  ;  was 
a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Michigan,  which  framed  the  Constitution  of 
that  State  in  1835.  Of  this  once  large  family, 
all  of  whom  grew  to  manhood  and  womanood, 
but  one  now  remains,  viz.:  Mrs.  Sanford  L. 
Collins,  in  her  76th  year. 

Another  settler  who  came  to  this  Township 
in  1825,  was  John  Phillips  from  Onondaga 
County,  New  York,  with  a  family  of  two  sous 
and  five  daughters.  He  settled  on  West  half 
of  Southwest  quarter  of  Section  22,  now  part  of 
Woodlawn  Cemetery,  and  West  half  of  North- 
west quarter  of  Section  27,  in  lf<30.  This  tract 
was  transferred  to  the  oldest  sou  (Phillip  I. 
Phillips),  and  the  father,  with  the  second  son, 
Captain  Henry  Phillips,  purchased  ot  Thaddeus 
R.  Austin  the  Northwest  quarter  of  Section  23, 
and  there  settled  with  his  family,  one  daugh- 
ter (the  eldest),  Miss  Catharine,  having  pre- 
viously married  Cyrus  Fisher  from  Otsego 
County,  N.  Y.  Captain  Henry  Phillips  in 
1837  was  married  with  Miss  House,  of  Lock- 
port,  N..Y.  He  died  in  the  Fall  of  1838,  leav- 
itig  his  widow  and  oue  child.  Captain  Phillips 
was  a  young  man  of  a  good  deal  of  promise. 
He  was  Chairman  of  the  first  meeting  called 
to  agitate  the  boundary  question.  After  his 
death  his  brother,  Philli]j  I.,  became  the  owner 
of  his  jn'operly  and  settled  upon  and  improved 
it.  lu  1854  he  (P.  I.  Phillips^  laid  otf  and 
platted  the  farm  into  8  and  10  acre  lots,  which 
was  afterwards  recognized  as  the  ■'  Phillips 
Farm,"  now  West  Toledo.  Mr.  Phillips  was 
most  unfortunate  in  the  loss  of  his  wile  and 
four  children  grown  to  man's  and  woman's 
estate.  He  married  a  second  wife,  by  whom 
he  had  threechildren,  a  daughter  and  two  sons, 
who,  with  the  widow,  are  still  living  Mr. 
Phillips  died  in  1879,  aged  78.  The  father, 
John  Phillips,  died  at  his  son-in-law's  in 
Indiana  in  1849,  while  on  a  visit  there;  his 
widow,  residing  with  her  son,  died  some  ten 
years  later. 

This  once  large  familj-,  like  that  of  Major 
Whitney,  have  all  passed  away  with  the 
exception  of  the  j'oiingest,  Mrs.  Pebecca  Bron- 
son,  residing  at  Lansing,  Michigan,  in  her  74th 
year. 

With   Mr.   Phillips    as    a    member    of     his 


family,  came  Charles  B.  Phillips,  a  nephew, 
then  a  small  boy,  who  grew  up  to  manhood, 
and  to  be  one  of- the  most  ]jromineut  business 
men  of  Toledo,  while  occupying  position.s  of 
uselulness  in  other  relations.  He  was  long 
identified  with  the  mercantile  and  manulactur- 
iiig  interests,  and  in  enterprises  of  various 
kinds.  Early  taking  an  active  part  in  militarj- 
affairs,  he  became  prominent  in  the  same,  and 
during  the  war  of  the  Reliellion  commanded 
the  One  Hundred  and  Thirtieth  Ohio  Infantr}-. 
He  now  (1888),  resides  at  Ann  Arbor  Michigan. 

In  1825,  came  from  Otsego  County,  New 
York,  Dexter  Fisher  and  wife— aged  people  for 
a  new  country — with  their  son  Cyrus,  then  a 
young  man,  and  their  son-in-law,  Hiram 
Bartlett  and  his  wife.  Mr.  Bartlett  purchased 
of  Daniel  Murray  the  Southeast  fraction  of 
Section  35  (now  a  thicklv  settled  portion  of 
Toledo).  He  sold  this  land  in  the  Pall  of  1835 
to  Andrew  Palmer,  and  entered  a  large  tract  of 
Government  land  in  Amboy  Township  (now 
Fulton  County),  where  he  resided  with  his 
family  until  his  death  in  1875,  at  the  age  of 
85  years,  leaving  a  large  property.  His  aged 
widow  (90  years  old),  and  three  children  (one 
son  and  two  daughters)  survive  him,  and  reside 
in  Ambo}"  Township.  Mr.  Bartlett  was  much 
respected  as  a  citizen,  was  Clerk  of  the  Town- 
ship of  Port  Lawrence  for  many  years.  Dexter 
Fisher's  wife  having  died  the  year  after  they 
came,  he  resided  with  his  son-in  law,  Bartlett, 
and  died  at  their  residence  in  Amboy  Township 
in  1847,  at  the  advanced  age  of  77  years. 

Cyrus  Fisher  purchased  of  Moses  G.  Benjainiii 
of  Otsego  Count\',  New  York,  the  Southeast 
quarter  of  Section  23,  and  built  and  settled  on 
the  Northwest  quarter  of  same  Section,  between 
the  old  Territorial  Road  and  the  United  States 
Turnpike,  in  the  Fall  of  1829,  having  been 
married  the  same  Fall  with  Catherine,  daughter 
of  John  Phillips,  whose  fiimilj' have  been  before 
referred  to.  He  commenced  the  buildinic  of  a 
block-house  of  considerable  size,  and  completed 
it  during  the  following  winter  and  occupied  it 
both  as  a  Tavern  and  a  Store.  This  house  was 
of  great  convenience  to  the  settlers,  it  being 
the  only  place  of  entertainment  between  the 
Bay  Settlement  and  Hubbard's,  at  Miami ;  and, 
with  two  exceptions,  the  only  house  of  any 
kind.  This  Store  of  Mr.  Fisher's  was  the  fir.st 
one  established  in  the  territory  embraced  in 
Washington  Township,  as  originally  setoff  from 
Port  Lawrence;  and,  like  the  house  of  enter- 
tainment, was  a  great  public  convenience, 
although  the  settlement  at  that  time  was  very 
small. 

There  were  at  that  time  some  1,500  or  more 
Indians  residing  on  the  two  Reservations  on 
the  North  side  of  the  River,  and  with  no  store 
nearer  than  Maumee  (Hunt  &  Forsyth's),  it 
was  a  good  ]ioint  for  Indian  trade,  and  con- 
tinued so  uutil  the  Indians  sold  out  and  left  for 
the  far  West. 


I 


WASHINGTON  TOWNSHIP. 


901 


Hero,  too,  was  the  one  Post-office  between 
Vienna  and  Mauince,  its  name  being  Port 
Lawrence,  as  that  of  the  Township,  tlien  em- 
bracinir  what  is  now  comprised  in  Toledo, 
Manhattan,  Oregon,  Washington  and  Adams 
Townships.  Cyrus  Fisher  was  Postmaster. 
Tlie  mail  at  that  time  from  Fremont  to  Deti-oit 
was  carried  on  the  line  of  the  Government 
Turnpike,  before  mentioned,  three  timesa  week, 
generall}'  on  horse-back,  but  sometimes,  when 
the  roads  were  passable,  a  light  wagon  would 
be  used.  It  was  at  this  Port  Lawrence  Post- 
otiice  that  Allen  &  Hathaway,  of  Lockport, 
New  York  ;  Major  Stickne}',  of  Port  Lawrence 
Township  (then  in  the  Territory  of  Michigan), 
and  others  associated  with  them,  in  the  com- 
mencement of  the  new  commercial  Town  on 
the  River  called  •'  Vistula,"  in  the  winter  of 
1831  32,  obtained  their  mails.  Mr.  Fisher 
continued  in  the  triple  capacity  of  Tavern  and 
Store-kee]ier  and  Postmaster  until  the  Fall  of 
1832,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Calvin  Tre- 
maine,  from  Vermont,  a  worthy  gentleman  as 
well  as  a  good  business  man.  Mr.  Tremaine 
also  succeeded  Mr.  Fisher  as  Postmaster,  he 
(Fisher)  resigning  in  Mr.  Tremaine's  favor;  so 
that  in  a  very  short  time  after  Mr.  Tremaine's 
arrival  he  was  fully  enstalled  as  Alerchant  and 
Postmaster,  Mr.  Fisher  removing  to  one  of  the 
Southern  Counties  of  Ohio  to  engage  in  School 
teaching,  intending,  however,  to  return,  which 
he  did  iu  1834. 

Late  in  1832,  the  proprietors  of  the  two 
River  Towns  (Port  Lawrence  and  Vistula)  sat 
about  securing  postal  accommodations  nearer 
home.  A  meeting  of  citizens  of  these  places 
was  called  to  consider  where  a  Post-office 
should  be  located,  and  who  should  be  the  Post- 
master. It  was  decided  that  the  office  take 
the  name  of  that  on  Ten-Mile  Creek  (Port 
Lawrence^,  the  latter  to  become  Tremaines- 
ville.  This  plan  was  carried  into  effect,  with  S. 
B.  Comstock  as  Postmaster,  hethen  holdingthat 
jiosition  on  the  Creek.  A  mail  route  between 
the  two  offices  was  established, with  Major  Stick- 
ney  as  mail  carrier,  the  sum  to  be  paid  him  to 
be  the  net  jtroeeeds  of  the  new  office,  provided 
the  same  did  not  exceed  the  sum  of  §15.00  per 
(juarter.  Under  this  arrangement,  Tremaines- 
ville  became  the  Distributing  Office  for  Port 
Lawrence  and  Vistula,  instead  of  tlieir  delivery 
office,  as  it  had  been.  All  this  occurred  in 
January,  1833. 

About  the  time  of  the  settlement  of  Mr. 
Tremaine  with  his  store,  Townsend  ]5artlott,  a 
brotlier  of  Hiram,  purchased  of  Captain 
Henry  Phillips  two  acres  of  land  on  the  op])0- 
site  side  of  the  Turnjjike  from  the  Fisher 
block-house,  and  built  a  Wagon-shop  ami 
dwelling,  settled  and  continued  his  business 
till  1837,  when  fie  sold  to  J.  D.  Sutphen,  father 
of  L)r.  J.  V.  D.  Sutphen,  and  removed  to  Illi- 
nois. Mr.  Tremaine  continued  his  store  till 
the  fall  of  1835,  when    he  sold   his    property. 


including  his  store  of  goods,  to  Dr.  Sut])iien 
and  removed  to  Sjdvania,  where  he  died  sdon 
after. 

Sanford  L.  Collins  succeeded  Mr.  Ti-emaine, 
iu  the  Tremainesville  Post  Office.  In  1835  the 
mail  route  was  changed  from  Miami  down  the 
River  to  Toledo  and  Maidiattan.'and  the  Tre- 
mainesville office  after  a  few  years  was  discon- 
tinued. Tremainsville  had  considerable  im- 
portance among  the  earlj'  settlements  and 
(juite  a  business  li'oui  1834  to  1838  in  two 
stores,  a  tavern,  blacksmith  and  wagon  shops, 
tailor  shop,  shoe  shop,  etc.;  l)utth(^  diversion  of 
travel  from  the  turnpike  and  the  depres.sion 
of  1838  to  1843,  crij)])led  its  business  and  it  be. 
came  again  a  farming  community,  as  it  had 
originally  been.  (See  biography  of  Mr.  Collins, 
elsewhere). 

In  Februarj',  1834,  Morgan  L.  Collins  a 
younger  brother,  wuue  from  Orleans  County, 
New  York,  with  his  w-ife  (having  been  recently 
married  with  Miss  Ijucinda  Lewis  of  Albion,  in 
that  Count\ )  ;  this  brother  remained  and  \n: 
came  interested  in  the  store  and  lands  ;  soon 
contracts  were  made  for  clearing  and  fencing, 
for  it  was  all  woods  on  both  sides  of  the 
Territorial  Road  (now  Collingwood  Ave- 
nue) Irom  Major  Keeler's,  near  Delaware 
Avenue,  to  Ten  Mile  Creek,  exce])t  a  little 
patch  near  Tremaine's  store  anil  the  Fisher 
tavern  kept  by  Mr.  Smile}-.  In  the  fall  of  1834 
the  Collins  Brothers  built  a  tavern  on  the 
Southeast  corner  of  Manhattan  Road  and  the 
Turnpike;  this  house  was  burned  in  the  sum- 
mer of  1848. 

In  November,  1834,  Mr.  John  W.  Collins  came 
with  his  wife  and  two  chlMren  from  Jefferson 
County,  New  York,  anil  became  a  ])artner  with 
the  brothers  under  the  firm  name  of  S.  L.  Col- 
lins &  Co.,  ^Ir.  S.  L.  Collins  having  purchased 
Mr.  Godard's  half  of  the  Bui'gess  tract,  con- 
vej'ed  an  undivided  one  third  to  each  of  his 
brothers.  Johii  \V.  Collins,  like  <ithei-  brothers, 
was  a  man  of  energy,  perseverance  and  good 
judgment,  and  withal  an  excellent  farmer.  S. 
L.  Collins  &  Co.,  sold  their  store  and  goods  in 
the  spring  of  1836,  to  Horace  Thacher  and 
Michael  T.  Whitney.  Morgan  L.  Collins  went 
to  Adrian  and  there  engaged  in  mercantile  busi- 
ness till  1841.  when  he  returned  to  Toledo, 
where  he  engaged  in  forwardiitg,  and  was 
among  the  first  to  have  a  line  of  boats  on  the 
Wabash  and  Eric  Canal  ;  the  business  of  trans- 
portation, including  vessels  on  the  Lake,  was 
continued  by  him  for  many  years.  He  tiled 
in  April,  18(i5,  aged  58  j-ears.  leaving  a  wife 
and  two  daughters  (Mrs.  Henry  Neel,  resi<liDg 
on  Collingwood  Avenue,  and  the  other  with 
her  mother  in  Batavia,  New  York).  John  W. 
Collins  died  in  December,  18.S5,  in  his  85th 
year,  having  been  man}-  years  aftiicteil  with 
deafness.  He  lelt  two  sons  by  his  second  wife, 
J.  P.  and  J.  VV.  Collins,  and  one  daughter.  Miss 
Agues  Collins,  by  his  third  wife.     The   fourth 


902 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


wife  (widow)  is  still  living  and  resides   with 
her  dauifliter  in  Albany,  New  York. 

Horace  Thaoher  of  Niagara  County,  New 
York,  came  with  his  fixinily  to  Treraainesville 
in  the  fall  of  1838.  He  settled  on  the  North  side 
of  Ten-Mile  Creek.  Being  a  good  Me- 
chanic, he  contributed  largely  to  the  building  of 
the  Methodist  Church  u  hicli  was  erected  on 
that  side  of  the  Creek  in  1835-6.  Mr.  Thacher 
was  highly  esteemed  by  his  neighbors  ;  was  a 
Local  Preacher  in  the  Slethodist  Church  ;  was 
a  Justice  of  the  Peace  under  the  Territory  of 
Michigan ;  was  subsequent  Recorder  of  Lucas 
County  for  two  terms,  Probate  Judge,  and 
again  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  Toledo.  He  is 
now  (June  1S88),  aged  88  j'ears,  living  with 
Mr.  John  Daibei',  a  son-in-law. 

In  the  summer  of  1834,  Dr.  J.  G.  Littleficid, 
from  Delaware  County,  New  Y^ork,  settled  in 
Ti-emainesville  ;  he  purchased  a  lot  and  built  a 
small  dwelling  house  on  the  West  side  of  the 
turnpike,  but  sold  out  and  went-  West  in  the 
fall  of  183G. 

Among  tlie  prominent  early  settlers  in  the 
Western  part  of  the  Township,  were  the 
Haughtons — Lj'man,  Stephen,  Marvin  and 
Cyrus — who  came  from  Monroe  Count)',  New 
York,  and  in  1833-4  took  up  large  quantities 
of  Government  land  on  both  sides  of  what  is 
known  asHaughton  Street.  Lyman  Haughton 
had  sons  vSmith,  Hiram,  Nathaniel  and  Solon  ; 
and  daughters,  Ruth  and  Delia.  Ruth  married 
George  Ferguson  and  Delia  married  Michael 
Best,  farmers  of  this  Township  ;  Hiram  married 
Sylvania  Roop,  of  a  familj'  prominent  in 
business  circles  in  Toledo,  where  he  died  in 
1883,  leaving  two  daughters  and  one  son. 
Sieplien  Haughton  was  married  with  Huldah, 
sister  of  Eleazer  N.  Smith,  of  West  Toledo.  He 
lived  in  the  Haughton  neighborhood  till  his 
removal  to  Fulton  County,  somej-ears  ago,  and 
in  1882  settled  in  Wauseon,  where  he  died  May 
28,  1887'aged  87  years.  He  was  the  last  of  the 
original  family*  who  came  here  in  1833.  The 
farm  on  which  Mr.  Haughton  lived  in  this 
Township  was  the  original  one  on  which 
Thomas  Seeor  now  resides.  Mrs.  Haughton 
died  in  1883.  Their  surviving  children  are  : 
William  Edgar  Haughton,  of  Fulton  County; 
Susannah  (late  widow  of  E.  Hinkle  of  L\'ons; 
Ohio;  now  Mrs.  Smith  Haughton  of  Wasliing- 
ton  Township);  Palmyra  (Mrs.  Naaman  Merrill 
of  Wauseon,  Ohio,'deceased);  Emily  (  Mrs.  John 
McKay  of  Wauseon);  Clarissa  (deceased),  wife 
of  Rev.  Warren  Hendricks;  Malvina,  wife  of 
Amasa  Verity,  of  Bay  City,  Mich.;  and  Clark, 
who  died  in  Rome,  Indiana.  Marvin  Haugh- 
ton was  married  with  Maria  Bristol,  and  to 
them  were  born  six  children.  Cyrus  Haughton 
was  married  with  Marina  Adams,  and  to  them 
were  born  six  children,  two  sons  and  four 
daughters.  Nathaniel  Haughton,  of  Toledo,  a 
son  of  Lyman  Haughton,  no%v  married  with  a 
daughter  of  Dr.  B.  H.  Bush,  formerly  of  Toledo. 


SANFORD     LANGWORTHY     COLLINS 

was  born  on  April  4,  1805,  at  Brownsville,  Jef- 
fei'son  County,  New  York.  He  is  a  son  of  John 
W.  and  Mercy  (Langworthy)  Collins,  who  were 
natives  of  Connecticut,  and  were  married  at 
Stoniugtou  in  1793.  In  1794  John  W.  Collins, 
with  his  wife  and  his  wife's  parents  and  famil}', 
emigrated  to  Oneida  County,  New  Y'^ork,  and 
settled  in  the  Town  of  Bridgewater.  In  1802 
John  W.  Collins  removed  to  Jefferson  County, 
New  York,  where  he  was  one  of  the  organ- 
izers of  the  Town  of  Brownsville,  and  was 
chosen  its  second  Supervisor,  as  stated  in  the 
history  of  Jefferson  County.  He  died  in  De- 
cember, 1810.  Sanford  L.,  in  1812,  at  the  age 
of  seven  years,  went  to  reside  with  his  mother's 
brother,  at  Bridgewater,  where  he  remained 
until  he  was  15.  His  opportunies  for  educa- 
tion, meantime,  were  limited  to  a  few  terms  at 
the  District  School  during  the  Winter  months. 
Possessed  of  vigorous  intellect  and  remarkably 
retentive  memory,  combined  with  studious  and 
industrious  habits,  enabled  hiju  to  acquire 
knowledge  rapidly  in  the  school  of  observation 
and  experience.  On  leaving  Bridgewater,  he 
engaged  with  his  brother-in-law  in  keeping  a 
hotel  in  the  Village  of  Gaines,  Orleans  County, 
where  he  remained  until  after  he  was  21,  and 
sub.sequently  followed  the  same  occupation  for 
two  years  at  Lockport.  In  1829  he  engaged 
in  mercantile  business,  connected  with  the 
lumber  and  stave  trade,  at  Pendleton,  a  small 
port  on  the  Erie  Canal,  at  its  junction  with 
Tonawauda  Creek,  which  he  carried  on  quite 
successfully  for  two  years. 

Much  attention  being  directed  to  Michigan 
about  this  tinie,  Mr.  Collins  decided  to  make  a 
prospecting  tour  in  that  Territory.  Accord- 
ingly, he  sold  out  his  business,  and  witli  his 
youngest  brother,  Morgan  L.  Collins,  left  Lock- 
port  in  July,  1831,  for  Detroit.  Their  first 
business  there  was  to  find  their  old  friend, 
Lewis  Godard,  a  former  merchant  of  Lockport, 
who  came  to  Detroit  in  the  Spring  previous 
and  engaged  in  the  same  business,  and  whom 
they  desired  to  consult  with  reference  to  their 
trip.  His  advice  was,  that  the  tour  of  obser- 
vation should  extend  through  the  Southern 
tier  of  Counties,  which,  beyond  Ann  Arbor, 
were  almost  entirely  unsettled. 

Procuring  a  couple  of  ponies  and  an  outfit, 
thej-  set  off  upon  their  journe)',  following  the 
principal  traveled  road  to  Ann  Arbor ;  from 
there,  by  the  "  Washtenaw  Trail,"  to  Jackson  ; 
thence  to  Marshall,  Kalamazoo  and  White 
Pigeon.  At  the  latter  place  was  the  Western 
Land  Office.  The  little  Town  was  filled  with 
strangers,  looking  lor  land  or  making  entries 
at  the  office.  Jackson  then  contained  only  a 
few  cabins.  Kalamazoo  consisted  of  a  single 
log  house  ;  at  Ann  Arbor  the  first  flouring  mill 
was  in  process  of  erection. 

Mr.  Collins  found  at  Jackson  William  R. 
Thompson,  whom  he  had  formerly  known  as 


■^-ffiyJlMttips}'^ 


WASHINGTON  TOWNSHIP. 


9ns 


the  Sheriff  of  Genesee  County,  New  York,  who 

had  ivmovL'tl  from  Batavia  the  3'ear before  and 
was  now,  with  bis  father-iu-law,  one  of  the 
proprietors  of  the  Town  site.  Pleased  with  the 
prospect  at  Jackson,  Mr.  Collins  conehuleil  to 
.settle  there,  and  accordingly  returned  to  White 
Pigeon  and  entered  a  quarter-section  of  land 
situated  in  what  is  now  the  heart  of  the  City, 
and  paid  3100  to  secure  an  interest  in  (jther 
Town  property,  which,  had  he  retained  it, 
would  have  been  an  ample  fortune.  He  re- 
gards the  j>urchase  of  that  property  as  the  best 
investment  he  ever  made,  and  the  ])arting  with 
it  as  his  great  financial  mistake,  although  cir- 
cumstances which  he  could  not  then  control 
determined  his  course. 

Owing  to  the  decision  of  his  brother  to  return 
to  the  State  of  New  York,  Mr.  Collins  left  Jack- 
son and  returned  to  Detroit  and  entered  the 
employ-  of  Lewis  Godard,  before  referred  to. 
In  connection  with  an  arrangement  just  then 
completed  between  Major  Stickney,  of  Port 
Lawrence  Towushi]),  and  Samuel  Allen  and 
Otis  Hathaway,  of  Lockport,  New  York,  to 
plat  apart  of  the  Major's  farm  for  Town  pur- 
poses, and  make  certain  improvements  thereon, 
Mr.  Godard  made  an  arrangement  with  Major 
Stickney  for  certain  portions  of  the  land  so 
platted,  hj  which  he  (Mr.  Godard)  was  to  send 
a  stock  of  goods  to  the  prospective  Town.  The 
goods  were  sent  from  Detroit  in  December,  1831, 
with  Mr.  Collins  as  Agent,  and  placed  in  anold 
Block-house,  located  near  what  is  now  the  cor- 
ner of  Summit  and  Jefferson  Streets  (and  then 
surrounded  by  a  second  growth  of  timber  of 
considerable  size).  This  was  the  first  stock  of 
goods  opened  for  sale  in  connection  with  the 
efforts  to  build  up  the  Towns  of  Vistula  and 
Port  Lawrence,  now  the  City  of  Toledo. 
This  Block-house  was  cotemporary  with  the 
old  log  Warehouse  so  closely  connected  with 
the  early  history  of  Toledo,  and  was,  with 
others,  built  in  1817,  by  what  was  afterwards 
called  the  "Old  Port  Lawrence  Company,"  in 
an  effort  to  build  up  a  Town  at  this  point, 
which  proved  to  be  a  prematui-e  undertaking. 

In  the  Spring  or  early  Summer  of  1832  Mr. 
Godard  formed  a  copartnership  with  Elkanah 
Briggs,  of  Kinderhook,  New  York,  a  man  of 
large  means,  and  sold  him  an  undivided  half  of 
bis  Vistula  property  (the  name  given  to  the 
platted  portion  of  Major  Sticknej's  farm,  and 
which  is  still  known  as  the  Vistula  Division  of 
the  City  of  Toledo).  He  instructed  Mr.  Collins 
to  build  a  store  on  the  Southeast  corner  of  La- 
grange and  Summit  Streets,  to  be  occupied 
when  completed,  bj-  Mr.  Briggs,  under  the  firm 
name  of  Briggs  &  Godard.  When  the  build- 
ing was  nearly  completed  it  was  tbund  neces- 
sary to  have  hair  for  the  plastering,  when  Mr. 
Collins  sent  to  Detroit,  by  the  little  Steamer 
General  Gratiot,  Captain  Arthur  Edwards,  but 
no  hair  was  to  be  had  in  that  market.  He 
finally  heard  of  some   at   a   small  Tannery  at 

S8 


"Waterville,  and  on  going  there  found  the  hair, 
ofw'hichhe  obtained  six  bushels,  purchased 
factory  sheeting,  had  it  made  into  a  sack,  into 
which  he  put  the  hair,  and  with  assistance 
placed  it  on  the  horse  and  started  lor  Vistula, 
he  walking  and  holding  the  sack  on  the 
hoi'se  until  lie  reached  Maumee,  whore  he  found 
a  boat  which  took  the  hair  to  Vistula,  whei'e  it 
was  used  in  plastering  the  first  store  and  the 
first  and  onlj- frame  building  of  any  kind  erected 
there  during  the  year  1H32,  except  a  small 
frame  house  built  by  James  Ma<ldocks  and  C. 
G.  Shaw. 

The  store  was  conipletetl  and  ready  for  use 
in  October,  1832,  and  a  stock  of  goods  jjur- 
chased  in  New  York  by  Mr.  Godard  for  Briggs 
&  Godard,  were  soon  expected.  Mr.  Briggs 
and  his  family  were  to  occupy  the  upper  part 
of  the  new  store,  w-hich  had  been  finished 
for  that  purpose.  Mr.  Collins  then  disposed  of 
the  remainder  of  the  stock  in  the  old  Block- 
house to  Captain  John  Baldwin,  and  went  into 
the  new  store,  where  he  opened  the  new 
stock  then  received.  He  remained  with  .Mr. 
Briggs,  as  the  agent  of  Mr.  Godard,  until  about 
the  Ist  of  February,  1833,  when  under  instruc- 
tions from  Mr.  Godard,  he  sold  the  hitler's  en- 
tire interest  in  Vistula,  both  in  goods  and  i-eal 
estate,  to  Mr.  Brigi;s,  and  returned  to  Detroit. 
He  came  liack  to  Vistula,  February  22,  1833,  to 
look  after  Indian  claims,  and  be  ])resentat  the 
treaty  with  the  Ottawas,  held  at  Maumee  at 
that  time  with  Governor  Porter  of  Michigan 
Territor\-,  in  which  treaty  the  reservation  of 
the  Ottawas  on  both  sides  of  the  Maumee  Kiver, 
was  ceded  to  the  Government  (lari;e  portions 
of  which  are  nou  included  in  the  City  of  To- 
ledo), and  securing  acknowledgment  by  the 
Cliiefs  as  to  the  correctness  of  the  claims. 
These  claims  were  left  with  (iencral  Hunt,  of 
Maumee,  lor  final  adjustment,  ami  .Mr.  Collins 
returned  to  Detroit. 

In  the  Fallot  1832,  Mr.  Collins,  in  connection 
with  Stejihen  B.  Comstock,  iiurtluised  the  lands 
at  Tremainesville,  known  as  the  '"Burgess 
ti-act."  Mr,  Comstock  soon  .sohl  his  interest  to 
Lewis  Godard.  On  .Godard  and  Collins  bo- 
coming  the  joint  owners,  it  was  decided  to  build 
a  store  at  Tremainesville,  then  considered  a 
good  point  for  selling  gooils,  one  small  store 
being  already  there.  For  that  |)iirpose  Mr. 
Collins  went  to  Tremainesville,  July  1,  1833, 
and  contracted  for  the  store,  which  was  com- 
pleted during  the  Summer,  together  with  a 
small  dwelling  adjoining  to  be  occupied  by 
himself.  In  September  he  went,  via  Pittsburg 
and  Pliiladelphia,  to  New  York  for  g^ocls.  The 
stock  was  shipped  to  Buffalo  b\  the  Erie  Canal, 
and  thence  by  Lake  on  the  Schooner  Eagle, 
Captain  David  Wilkison.  The  sale  of  goods 
commenced  in  November,  1833.  In  1834,  his 
brothers,  John  W.  and  Morgan  L.,  became 
as.sociated  with  Mr.  Collins,  under  the  firm 
name  of  S.  L,  Collins  &  Company,  who  con- 


904 


BISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


tinued  the  business  until  1837,  when  it  was  dis- 
jiosed  of  to  Horace  Thaciier  aud  Michael  T. 
WhiUiey. 

Duriug  this  time,  as  well  as  subsequently, 
Mr.  Collins  carried  on  fixrming  quite  exten- 
sively, in  connection  with  his  brother,  John  W. 
Collins,  and  devoted  much  of  his  time  to  the 
general  improvement  of  his  estate  and  of  the 
neighborhood. 

Mr.  Collins  was  Postmaster  at  Tremaines- 
ville  from  1834  to  1842.  He  was  among  the 
most  energetic  and  active  of  the  pioneers  in 
promoting  the  development,  not  only  of  the 
section  in  which  he  resided,  but  of  the  County 
at  large,  and  jmrticularly  in  the  improvement 
of  roads  leading  into  the  country  in  various 
directions.  When  Lucas  County  was  organized 
he  was  chosen  its  first  Treasurer,  and  was  sub- 
sequently re-elected  to  that  ofKce.  In  1840  he 
participated  in  the  formation  and  organization  of 
Washington  Township,  aud  was  chosen  at  vari- 
ous times  to  fill  several  of  the  Township  offices,  as 
Clerk,  Trustee  and  Justice  of  the  Peace,  the  latter 
for  nine  years  in  succession.  His  example  and 
inrtuence  have  always  been  on  the  side  of  the 
moral  welfare  of  the  community,  and  he  has 
especially  looked  upon  Free  Masonry  as  a  val- 
uable aid  in  that  direction.  Appreciating  the 
moral  principles  and  beautiful  symbolic  teach- 
ings of  that  order,  soon  after  his  majority  he 
became  a  member  in  the  Village  of  Gaines, 
New  York,  in  1826,  -and  was  earlv  among  the 
active  Masons  in  this  section  of  Ohio.  He  was 
one  of  the  early  members  of  Fort  Meigs  Chap- 
ter and  Toledo  Commandery,  and  wasEminent 
Commander  of  the  latter  from  1857  to  1869— 
only  relinquishing  the  active  duties  of  the  or- 
der on  account  of  the  misfortune  of  impaired 
hearing,  which  has  afflicted  him  these  late 
years.  He  still,  however,  retains  his  respect 
and  veneration  for  the  institution,  believing  its 
moral  principles  to  be  unsurpassed  by  those 
of  any  other  organization  of  the  day. 

He  was  married  in  January,  1834,  with  Har- 
riet Whitney,  daughter  of  Noah  A.  Whitney, 
who  settled  on  what  is  now  Collingwood  Ave- 
nue, in  1824.  His  marriage  has  been  blessed  with 
four  children,  of  whom  one  son  and  one  daughter 
are  living,  each  with  families,  bringing  grand- 
children and  great-grandchildren  into  their 
homes.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Collins  are  among  the 
oldest  and  most  highly  esteemed  of  the  pioneers 
of  Toledo.  For  more  than  half  a  century  they 
have  been  contemporary  with  the  growth  of 
the  City,  living  for  most  of  that  time  in  the 
house  which  is  still  their  residence,  on  Detroit 
Avenue.  They  saw  laid  the  foundations  of  To- 
ledo, m  mud  aud  mahiria.  They  have  lived  to 
see  il  grow  up,  with  beautiful  adornings  and 
paved  streets,  spreading  about  so  as  to  include 
their  homeand  sending  its  Street-cars  past  their  ■ 
door.  Collingwood  Avenue,  lying  along  the 
Eastern  boundary  of  Mr.  Collins's  original  pur- 


chase, is  becoming  the  most  beautiful  residence 
portion  of  Toledo. 

Mr.  Collins's  chief  occupation  for  many  years 
has  been  that  of  cultivating  his  lands  'in  and 
near  the  City,  and  looking  after  his  improved 
City  property.  Although  in  the  83d  year  of 
his  life,  he  is  hale  and  vigorous,  and  with  his 
usual  care  and  activity,  it  is  ho])ed  he  may  be 
spared  yet  many  years  to  enjoy  the  friendship, 
love  and  esteem  which  are  accorded  him  in  so 
large  a  degree  bj'  all  who  know  him. 

ORGANIZATION    OF    THE    TOWNSHIP. 

The  first  meeting  for  the  election  of  officers 
for  Washington  Township  was  held  at  the 
house  of  Benjamin  Mallett,  Tremainesville, 
June  27,  1840,  The  following  officers  were 
elected;  Clerk— Sanford  L.  Collins;  Trustees 
— Alvin  Evans,  John  Lambert,  Lyman  Haugh- 
ton  ;  Treasurer— John  Knaggs  ;  Overseers  of 
the  Poor — James  Brown,  Henry  Mersereau  ; 
Constable — Thomas  Wilkinson;  Fence  View- 
ers—William Wilkinson,  Brastus  Williams, 
Charles  Evans. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Township  Board  held 
July  1,  1840,  Eoad  Districts  were  laid  out  and 
their  respective  Supervisors  appointed  as  fol- 
lows :  No.  1,  Adolphus  Majors;  2,  George 
Dixon;  3,  William  Tavernor  ;  4,  John  W.  Col- 
lins; 5,  Erastus  Williams;  6,  Lyman  Haugh- 
ton  ;  7,  Daniel  Brown  ;  8,  Alvin  Evans  ;  9, 
Noah  A.  Whitney;  10,  Eli  Charter;  11,  Jasper 
Goodrich. 

The  Township  offices  named  have  been  filled 
as  follows : 

Cteri—S.  L.  Collins,  1840 ;  Horace  Thacher,  1.S41- 
44  ;  Stephen  Haughton,  1844 ;  Horace  Thacher, 
1845-48;  Lewis  Lambert,  1848-50;  Julius  N.  Marsh, 
1850-52  ;  S.  L.  Collins,  1852-55  ;  L.  P.  Wing,  1855-01 ; 
Anson  Trowbridge,  1861-60;  John  Bladon,  1866-08  ; 
Albert  E.  Martin,  1868-70;  Daniel  H.  Nye,  1870-73 ; 
Peter  Cranker,  1873-88. 

Treasurer— John  Knaggs,  1840-47 ;  Stephen  Haugh- 
ton, 1847-51  ;  Blakesley  H.  Bush,  1,851  ;  Benjamin 
Mallett,  Jr.,  18.52-56  ;  Blakesley  H.  Bush,  1850  ;  Ben- 
jamin Mallett,  1857-74  ;  Albert  R.  Martin,  1875-87. 

Justices  of  the  Peace— layman  Haughton,  Horace 
Thacher,  elected  1845;  Lyman  Haughton,  Lewis 
Lambert,  1851  ;  S.  L.  Collins,  1856  ;  Josiah  Cham- 
bers, Thomas  Secor,  1857  ;  S.  L.  Collins.  1859 ;  Lyman 
Haughton,  Josiah  Chambers,  1860;  Paul  Kiinkle, 
1862;  Gersham  Crabb,  Lyman  Haughton,  1863; 
Jo.siah  Chambers,  Paul  Kunkle,  1865  ;  Peter  C.  Lewis, 
1868;  Josiah  Chambers,  Alonzo  Colgrove,  1869; 
Peter  C.  Lewis,  Josiah  Chambers,  1871 ;  Charles  W. 
Ferguson,  1872;  Peter  C.  Lewis,  1874;  Alvin  Evans, 
G.  W.  Stoddard,  1875  ;  George  S.  Dickson,  A.  Fahne- 
stock,  1880;  A.  H.  Evans,  1881;  A.  J.  Groynn, 
Stephen  Kappers,  1882  ;  Charles  V.  Lincoln,  1884 ;  - 
Charles  F.  Yesline,  1885 ;  C.  V.  Lincoln,  James  W. 
Allen,  1887. 

PORT    LAWRENCE    TAX-PAYERS    IN    1838. 

Following  is  a  list  of  persons  taxed  on  per- 
sonal property  within  the  Township  of  Port 
Lawrence  in  the  year  1837.     The  list  is  so  di- 


WASHINGTON  TOWNSHIP. 


905 


vided  as  to  show  (as  nearly  as  maybe)  in  what 
portions  of  tbat  Township  the  several  tax- 
paj'crs  resided,  after  the  same  was  divided  and 
the  City  of  Toledo,  and  Townships  of  Wash- 
ington and  Manhattan  formed. 

TOLEDO — HORSES   AND    CATTLE. 


Baldwin,  Marcus. 
♦Baldwin,  Tibbals. 
^Baldwin,  .John. 
Bidwell  &  Co. 
Bodette  Job. 
Butnian,  A,  P. 
Bissell,  Edward. 
Beebe,  Alex. 
Garner,  Lewis. 
Calkins,   James. 
Cheney,  Roswell. 
Cliim,  Alex. 
Carr,  Thomas. 
Coilett,  Thomas. 
Daniels,  J.  J. 
Eddy,  Samuel. 
Erie  .^  Kal.  K.  R.  Co. 
Easton,   Almon. 
Flajrg,  Junius. 
Green  &  Ilullnirt. 
Henderson,  John  B. 
Henderson,  Henry. 
Hibbard,  A.  G.  &"Co. 

Wadsworth, 


Hibbard,  A.  S. 
Hollenbeck,  Mathew. 
.tones,  Granville. 
Johnson,  Daniel. 
Kellogg',  Henderson. 
Lawrence  &  Eggleston. 
*Moore,   Samuel. 
Mowrie,  B.  W. 
Mott,  Richard. 
*Newcomb,  H.  A.  W. 
Nicholas,  Charles. 
Osgood,  Fred. 
Peters,  Daniel  P. 
Stowe,  Roswell. 
*Segur,  Daniel. 
*Stickney,  B.  F. 
Smith,  Benjamin. 
Scott  &  Bean. 
Turner,  Manly. 
*Whitnej',  James  M. 
Walbridge,  Heman. 
Walbridge,  Chester. 
Whitney  Michael  F. 
Decius. 


merchants'  capital  and  money. 


Bidwell  &  Co.,  1200. 
Brintnall&  Co.,  $1,500. 
Brent,  Daniel,  $25. 
Cheney  &  Hall,  $400. 
Clark,  Wm.  W.,  |200. 
Clark,  Geo.  P.,  ,|100. 
Douglas,  Abram,  $200. 
Dodd,  E.  S.  &  Co.,  $1,500. 
Daly,  M.,  $100. 
Goettel.  Henry  W.,  $100. 
Gardner  &  Bissell,  $500. 
Hicks  &  Olney,  $300. 
Haskins,  Wm.,  $400. 
Hoisingtou,  J.  A.,  $51)0. 
Hoyt,  Wm.  R.,  $::!00. 
Jones,  John  F.,  $100. 


Marsh,  Stephen,  $300.    , 
McCarty,  Patrick,  $200. 
Peekham  &  Co.,  $500. 
Porter  &  Kaufman,  $100. 
Pontius  &  Roop,  $300. 
Porter  &  Rich,  $700. 
Roys  &  Phelps,  $000. 
Roberts,  J.  C.&  Co.,  $100. 
Ritter,  Wm.  H.,  $300. 
Scott  &  Richardson,  $2,000. 
Storrs,  E.  A.,  $200. 
Shepard,  H.  D.,  |1,500. 
'Trowbridge&  Knox,  $100. 
Lht,  A.W.,$,JO. 
Voglesang,  John  J.,  $700. 
Wilson,  James,  $50. 


LAWYERS. 


Allen,  Edson.  Morton,  Daniel  O. 

Cooke,  Richard.  Osborn,  John  R. 

Fitch,  John.  Potter,  Emery  D. 

Lownsbury,  L.  S.  Tilden,  Myron  H. 

Way,  George  B. 


PHYSICIANS. 


Ackley,  H.  A. 
Lewis,  Urich  C. 
McLean,  Charles. 


Mosher,  John. 
Perkins,  George  R. 
Wheeler,  James. 


WASHINGTON — HOGS   AND   CATTLE. 


Allen,  Samuel. 
Andrews,  Jairus  D. 
Andrews,  Augustus. 
Amsdale,  John. 
Archer,  Vorhees. 
Bishop,  Amasa. 
Berdan,  John. 
Brown,  Sylvester. 
Brown,  Orlando. 
Brown,  James. 
Brock,  William. 
Bellows,  Samuel. 
Bernor,  Lewis. 


Keeler,  Coleman  I. 
Knaggs,  James  W. 
Lyman,  Whitten, 
Laskey,  George. 
Leybourne,  John,  heirs  of. 
Leybourne,  Anthony. 
Lewis,  Peter. 
Lewis,  David. 
May,  Edward. 
Major.  Adolphus. 
Mickens,  Peter. 
Marsh,  Joel. 
Mallett,  Benjamin. 


Bush,  .fonathan. 
Bush,  B.  11. 
Cranker,  I'eter. 
Courson,  (Jeorge. 
lAinifau,   Peter. 
Cowell,  Moses. 
Charter,  Eli. 
Cone,  Erastus. 
Cochran,  F.  D. 
Collins,  S.  L.  &  Co. 
Dolby,  Robert. 
Dushalter,  John. 
Evans,  Alvin. 
Evans,  Charles. 
Fisher,  Cyrus. 
Glenn,  Nathaniel. 
Greenwood  &  Urockbark, 
Gurno,  Lewis. 
Gardiner,  John  A. 
Gunn,  Christopher. 
Gee,  John. 
Haughton,  Stephen. 
Haughton,  Marvin. 
Haughton,  Cyrus. 
Haughton,  Lyman. 
Hallet,  John. 
Hoskins,  William. 
Hayden,  Elisha. 
Kunkel,  Conrad. 
Kellogg,  F. 
Knaggs,  John. 

Whitney, 


Merritt,  Nancy. 
Phillips,  Henry. 
Phillips,   1.       " 
Quisins,  Basil. 
Showier,  James. 
Smith,  .John. 
Southard,  James. 
Sullivan,  Daniel. 
Stillwell,  Elisha. 
Tavernor,  William. 
Thomas,  Hiram. 
Tliomas,  Levi,  heirs  of. 
Tucker,  Caleb. 
Thacber  &  Whitney. 
Thacher,  Horace. 
Teliney,  (Charles. 
Southard,  James,  Jr, 
Van  Guenten,  Christian. 
Vilair,  Francis. 
Whitney,  Thomas  P. 
Whitten,    Alonzo. 
Whitney,  Noah  A. 
Worden,  Isaac  B. 
Wilkison,  William. 
Wilkisou,  John. 
Williams,  Asa. 
Wing,  Thomas. 
Wing,  Lorenzo. 
Whitnt'y,  James  S. 
Whitney,  Michael  F. 
Worden,  Nancy. 
Milton  D. 


MERCHANTS   CAPITAL    AND    MONEY. 

Collins,  J.  W.  &  Co.,  $700.    Durlett,  A.  P.,  $100. 

MANHATTAN — HORSES   AND   CATTLE. 


Card,  Piatt. 
Crane,  William. 
Guion,  Panlo. 


Card,  Piatt  &  Co. 
Knopp,  Ezra. 
Schneider,  George. 


MERCHANT  S   CAPITAL   AND   MONEY. 

Chase,  Sill  &  Co..  $300.      Crane.  William,  $500. 
Mooney,  David  B.  Swift  &  Co.,  $.!l)0. 


Wlieeler,  Charles. 

OREGON — HORSES   AND   CATTLE. 

Fox,  Merseno.  Prentice,  Joseph. 

Stevens,  Oliver.  Ward,  Eleazer. 

Whitmore,  Leander.  Wyant,  Martin. 

merchant's   CAPITAL   AND    MONEY. 

Street,  Isaac,  $300. 

SCHOOL    STATISTICS. 

There  are  11  School  Districts  in  the  Town- 
ship, and  14  Schools.  Of  these  three  are  at  the 
Milburn  Wagou  Works,  and  two  at  West  To. 
ledo.  The  Scbool-houses  of  the  Township  are 
all  of  brick.  Number  of  persons  of  School  ago, 
1,006— males,  526;  females,  480  (9  colored); 
There  are  14  teachers,  three  of  whom  are  males. 

The  Township  Board  of  Education  for  1887 
was  constituted  as  follows  :  Sub-District  No  1, 
T.  R.  Chambers;  No.  2,  James  Jackmun;  No. 
3,  Gersliom  Crabb;  No.  4,  J.  M.  Schuck;  No. 
5,  John  Bladon  ;  No.  6,  A.  Jewctt;  No.  7,  John 
Ley;  No.  8,  F.  M.  Rakestraw;  No.  9,  John  W. 
Baldwin  ;  No.  10,  C.  F.  Yeslin  ;  No.  11,  Joseph 
Droessler.  John  Bladon  was  President  and 
Peter  Cranker,  Clerk. 


906 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


WEST   TOLEDO. 

Tlie  first  plat  made  in  what  is  now  West 
Toledo  was  known  as  the  "  Phillips  Farm."  It 
consisted  of  lots  of  eight  and  ten  acres  each, 
lying  on  both  sides  of  the  Plank  Eoad  from 
Detroit  Avenue  on  the  East,  to  the  corner  where 
Wilkinson's  store  and  the  Postoffice  now  stand. 
This  plat  was  made  by  Philip  I.  Phillips,  in 
1854.  Humboldt  Addition  was  laid  out  in  April, 
1873,  by  Frederick  Gradolph,  C.  Lenk  and 
others  of  the  Lenk  Wine  Company.  Morris 
and  Phillips  Addition  was  laid  out  in  1874  by 
Philip)  I.  Phillips  and  Adam  Welker,  and  con- 
tains 200  lots.  The  Lake  Shore  and  Michigan 
Southern  and  Canada  Southern  Pailroads  pass 
through  the  center  of  the  j)lat.  West  Toledo 
Addition  was  laid  out  by  George  Douglass  and 
Henry  G.  Clark  in  December,  1874. 

West  Toledo  Postoffice  was  established  in 
1879,  with  J.  M.  Lycan  for  Postmaster.  Mr. 
Lycan  held  the  office  until  May,  1881,  keeping 
it  in  bis  (then)  grocery  store,  now  occuf)ied  by 
L.  H.  Wilkinson.  John  L.  Henry  succeeded 
as  Postmaster  in  1881,  and  was  succeeded  by 
L.  H.  Wilkinson  in  1885. 

The  Toledo  Plow  Works  at  West  Toledo, 
were  established  by  N.  Burch,  and  the  buildings 
erected  in  1875.  Mr.  Burch  is  the  inventor 
and  patentee  of  the  Burch  Plow,  and  formerly 
had  his  manufactory  at  North  Fairfield,  Ohio. 
The  Toledo  Plow  Company,  consisting  of  N. 
Burch,  F.  D.  Suydam,  John  C.  Clark,  Robert 
Suydam  and  H.  M.  Wright,  was  incorporated 
and  succeeded  to  the  business  of  Mr.  Burch  in 
1884.  The  product  of  the  shops  in  1887,  was 
3,5(10  plows. 

The  Slaughter-House  and  Wholesale  Meat 
business  form  a  large  and  important  interest  at 
West  Toledo.  The  Refrigerator  buildings  and 
facilities  for  shipping  by  Railroad,  are  con- 
venient. Among  the  princijial  men  engaged 
in  this  business  are  Jacob  Kurtz,  Jacob  Folger, 
W.  K.  Hadley,  M.  Mallett,  S.  Leybourne,  Henry 
Clayton,  C.  JBrogle,  and  others. 

One  of  the  principal  Agricultural  pursuits 
about  West  Toledo,  is  Dairy-Farming  and  sup- 
plying Milk  for  the  City. 

WEST    TOLEDO    M.  E.  CHURCH. 

The  first  preaching  of  Methodism  in  the 
vicinity  of  this  Church,  was  by  Rev.  John  A. 
Baughraan,  of  the  Monroe  Circuit,  in  1825. 
In  that  year  Mr.  Baughman,  or  his  associate, 
Mr.  Manier,  formed  a  class  at  Ten-Mile  Creek, 
and  this  was  the  starting  point  of  all  the 
Methodist  Societies  in  this  section  of  country. 
Mr.  Amasa  Bishop,  who  was  here  and  partici- 
pated in  the  movements,  said  that  two  Classes 
were  formed  here  in  1825  or  1826 — one  of 
women  exclusively,  of  which  Mrs  Frances  M. 
Whitney  was  leader,  and  a  mixed  Class  (men 
and  women),  led  by  William  Wilkinson.  Mr. 
Bishop's  recollection  was,  that  the  Wilkinson 


Class  was  formed  first,  and  soon  after  that  of 
Mrs.  Whitney.  Rev.  Mr.  Manier  was  probably 
here  and  assisted  in  forming  Mrs.  Whituej''s 
Class,  as  the  class-book  in  the  hands  of  Rev. 
E.  C.  Gavitt,  bearing  that  date,  is  in  Mr. 
Manier's  hand-writing. 

The  circumstances  of  the  first  meeting  at 
Tremaiucsville,  as  related  hy  Mr.  Bishop,  are 
given  on  page  584. 

As  the  settlements  increased  and  it  became 
more  convenient  for  those  residing  in  the  vi- 
cinitj'  of  the  Milburn  Wagon  Works  to  meet  in 
their  own  immediate  neighborhood,  the  Classes 
were  divided  and  and  part  of  them  formed  the 
nucleus  of  Monroe  Street  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church.  The  ju-eachers  who  officiated  at  Tre- 
mainsville,  Maumee,  Perr3^sburg  and  Water- 
ville  from  1825  to  1832  were  the  following: 

1.S26.  Monroe  Circuit — Zerah  Costin,  Presiding 
Elder ;  John  A.  Baughman,  Pastor.  1827.  Monroe 
Circuit — Zerah  Costin,  Presiding  Elder  ;  George  W. 
Walker,  Pastor.  1S28.  Monroe  Circuit— Zerah  Cos- 
tin,  Presiding  Elder ;  George  W.  Walker,  Pastor. 
1S29.  Monroe  Circuit — Curtis  Goddard,  Presiding 
Elder ;  .Jacob  Hill,  Pastor.  1S30.  Monroe  Circuit- 
Curtis  Goddard,  Presiding  Elder ;  .James  W.  Fiuley, 
Pastor.  1831.  Curtis  Goddard,  Presiding  Elder; 
James  W.  Finley,  Pastor. 

The  following  named  served  both  Tremains- 
ville  and  Monroe  Street  Churches  for  the  j-ears 
named  until  they  became  separate  charges  : 

E.  H.  Pilcher  and  E.C.  Gavitt,  1S32  ;  E.H.  Pilcher 
and  William  Sprague,  1833 ;  William  Sprague  and 
Sylvester  F.  .Southard,  1834  ;  Cyrus  Brooks  and  Rob- 
ert Triggs,  1835;  Ira  Chase,  183G-7;  Wesley  Brock 
and  Andrew  M.  Fitch,  1838 ;  Austin  Coleman  and 
Samuel  B.  Giberson,  1839;  John  Tibhals,  1840;  Eben 
R.  Hill,  F.  C.  Paine  and  Ralph  Wilcox,  1841;  T.  H. 
Alderman  and  S.  L.  Yourtee,  1842-3;  Luke  S.  John- 
son, 1844;  Martin  Welch,  1845;  William  Thacher, 
1846;  I^uke  L.  Joluison  and  Thomas  Pope,  1847;  Oc- 
tavus  Waters  and  James  M.  Wilcox,  1848;  Alanson 
Foster  and  Alfred  H.  Waters,  1849;  James  Evans  and 
John  Crabb,  1850;  John  Crabb  and  George  G.  Lyon, 
1851  ;  David  W.  Ocker  and  George  G.  Lyon,  1852; 
David  W.  Ocker  and  John  A.  Shannon,  18.53;  Lo- 
renzo D.  Rogers,  and  Abram  B.  Poe,  1854 ;  Ambrose 
Hollington  and  A.  B.  Poe,  1855;  Henry  Warner,  185G; 
Edmund  B.  Morrison  and  John  R.  Colgan,  1857 ; 
William  Thacher,  18.58-9;  Oliver  Kennedy,  18t)0;  E. 
C.  Gavitt,  ]8(il-2;  L.  M.  Albright,  18(i3-3 ;  J.  W.  Al- 
derman, 1863-4;  J.  F.  Burkholder,  1865-6;  Silas  B. 
Maltbie,  1867-8.  (The  Conference  minutes  show  no 
farther  appointments  at  Tremainesville). 

The  old  edifice  which  had  been  built  on  the 
property  now  owned  by  the  Wine  Company, 
was  abandoned  and  sold  to  that  corporation  ; 
and  the  West  Toledo  Church  held  services  in 
the  School-house  until  the  present  edifice  was 
completed  in  1873.  Since  then  we  find  the 
following  list  of  appointments  at  West  Toledo  : 

John  H.  Wilson,  1877-8;  Ambrose  Hollington, 
1878-81;  Thomas  W.  Gregory,  1881-2;  Parker  P. 
Pope,  1882-5 ;  Jonathan  Zook,  i884-6  ;  John  Poucher, 

l,S86-8. 

The  Parsonage  of  this  Church  was  built  in 
1879. 


I 


«v  ' 


(  - 


WASHING  TON  TO  WNSH  IP. 


007 


The  old  Cetneterj^  in  tbe  rear  of  this  Church 
consisted  at  first  of  one  acre  of  ground  deeded 
to  the  Townsliip  by  Henry  Phillips.  In  1854, 
when  P.  I.  Philli])8  made  a  plat  ot  his  farm,  ho 
reserved  lot  No.  5,  inoliuiiiii;' the  one  acre  abo%'e 
mentioned,  for  a  jniblie  burying  ground.  Tbe 
first  interment  in  the  old  ground  was  that  of 
the  bodj-  of  Mrs.  Amelia  Keeler,  wile  of  Major 
Coleman  I.  Keeler.  Her  death  ocetirred  in  the 
old  log  Warehouse  at  the  month  of  Swan 
Creek,  and  Major  Keelei-  went  out  in  search  of 
a  burial  jdaee  and  selected  this  spot  on  the  farm 
ofCaptain  Henry  Phillijis.  Many  of  the  old  set- 
tlers of  Washington  lie  buried  here.  Among 
the  early  graves  are  thoseofMoodj' Mills,  John 
Holmes,  Levi  Thomas,  John  Leybournc  and 
William  Lewis. 

There  is  another  old  Cemetery  in  the  Haugh- 
ton  neighborhood  containing  many  graves  of 
old  settlers. 

Masonry. — Collingwood  Lodge,  No.  451,  F. 
and  A.  M.,  West  Toledo,  was  instituted  July  1, 
1871,  with  the  following  charter  members: 
Samuel  Blanchard,  John  Bhidon,  S.  L.  Collins, 
Jasper  P.  Collins,  W.  K.  Hadley,  Carl  Lenk,  J. 
P.  Lewis,  John  G.  Norton,  George  W.  Rey- 
nolds, Edwin  Upton,  William  Littletield,  P.  L 
Phillips  and  Henry  Bennett.  Original  otticers  : 
John  G.  Norton,  W.  M.;  Samuel  Blanchard,  S. 
W.;  W.  K.  Hadley,  J.  W.;  John  Baldwin,  Sec- 
retary; S.  L.  Collins,  Treasurer;  J.  P.  Collins, 
S.  D.;  George  W.  Reynolds,  Tiler.  Officers, 
1887  :  G.  S.  Dixon,  W.  M.;  Thomas  Eussell,  S. 
W.;  S.  Blanchard,  J.  W.;  J.  L.  Henry,  Treas- 
urer ;  James  Van  Wormer,  Secretary;  W.  H. 
Southard,  S.  D.;  J.  W.  Vance,  J.  D.;  S.  D. 
Kies,  Tiler. 

AUBURNDALE. 

That  portion  of  Washington  Township  now 
known  as  Auburndale,  was  platted  by  Amasa 
Bishop  in  v^ctober,  1873.  It  lies  just  outside 
Toledo  limits.  West  of  tbe  Detroit  and  Toledo 
Eailroad,  South  of  Monroe  and  North  of  Ban- 
croft Streets.  The  plat  contained  171  lots. 
Within  a  few  years  Auburndale  became  a  hand- 
some suburban  settlement. 

In  1874  Auburndale  extension  was  laid  out 
South  of  Monroe  Street  and  West  of  Auburn 
Avenue,  by  Messrs.  Frank  J.  Scott,  A.  E.  Ma- 
comber  and  others. 


GERSHOM  CRABB  was  born  in  thcCountv 
ot  Cornwell,  Fngland,May  8,  181.S.  His 
liather,  Edward  Crabb,  was  a  )iative  of  the 
same  County.  His  mother,  Hannah  (Taver- 
nor)  Crabb  was  born  in  the  County  of 
Devon.  The  father  dying  when  the 
son  was  eight  j^ears  old,  the  latter  went  to  live 
with  William  Tavernor,  an  uncle  In  1831, 
Mr.  Tavernor  and  Mrs.  Crabb  decided  to  remove 
to  the  United  States.  The  emigiating  parly 
beside   these,  embraced    the   nine    children    of 


Mrs.  Crabb,  and  her  mother.  Thoy  took 
the  Brig  Susan  at  Torquay,  March  31,  1831, 
and  after  a  stormy  passage  reached  St.  An- 
drews, New  Brunswick,  May  3d.  At  thai,  point 
the  party  separated,  all  except  Mr.  Tavernor, 
(rershom  and  an  aunt,  going  to  Boston.  Mrs. 
Crabb  finally  settled  in  Rhode  Island,  whore 
she  died.  Mr.  Tavernor  and  party  soon  left  St. 
Andrews  for  Now  York,  and  thence  went  to 
Chittenango,  New  York,  oxjjecting  to  settle 
thercj  but  soon  hearing  about  lh<^  wonilerfiil 
advantages  of  t  he  W(^st,  they  came  on  by  ( 'anal 
and  Laki'  Steamer  to  I)(^tr<iit.  From  that  jioinl, 
by  the  little  Steamboat  Gratiot,  Ihey  came  to 
Port  Lawrence,  landing  near  tbe  foot  of  Monroe 
Street,  at  the  house  of  John  Baldwin.  A  little 
l)ack  of  that  was  a  small  shanty  occupied  by 
Mr.  Crane.  Still  further  out,  and  near  the  cor- 
ner of  Jefferson  and  Fourteenth  Streets,  was 
another  small  house  and  shanty  combined, 
owned  by  John  Bartlett.  These  were  all  tbe 
families  then  living  near  the  River.  Still  fiir- 
ther  back  were  four  or  five  families,  near  the 
Major  Keeler  farm.  The  old  block-house  (un- 
occupied) stood  on  the  bluff  between  Monroe 
and  Jefferson  Streets.  Mr.  Tavernor  soon  de- 
cided to  locate  on  the  Northeast  ipiarter  of  Sec- 
tion 11,  Town  9,  South  of  7  East,  and  jjurchasi^d 
the  same  of  the  Government.  In  the  Spi'ing 
of  1832  the  fiarty  moved  into  a  log-house  built 
on  the  place  during  the  preceding  Winter.  Mr. 
Tavernor  was  the  first  purchaser,  as  he  was  the 
first  settler,  of  that  Section,  and  with  the  exceji- 
tion  of  Dr.  Worden,  there  were  no  settlers  West 
of  him,  all  being  an  unbroken  wilderness,  in- 
habited only  by  wild  animals,  deer  being  very 
plenty.  Thus  settled,  the  next  step  was  the 
preparation  of  the  forest  for  crops,  which  was 
a  slow  and  most  arduous  job,  especially  for 
those  wholly  unused  to  such  experience.  Ad- 
ded to  all  this  were  fever  and  ague,  bilious  fever, 
diseases  incident  to  the  locality  and  entirely 
new  to  them.  On  the  other  ban<l,  there  was 
nothing  of  a  social  nature,  as  an  offset  and  en- 
couragement—  no  Schools,  no  Church,  no  ncigh- 
])ors — a  contrast  with  their  former  comlitioii 
most  keenly  felt.  In  due  time,  however,  these 
conditions  were  gradually  changed.  More  set- 
tlers came — slowly  at  first,  but  rai)idlj'erc  long, 
whose  presence  and  co-operation  soon  greatly 
mitigated  the  severity  of  pioneer  life,  and  fully 
reconciled  the  first  comers  to  their  American 
home.  Mr.  Craljb'.s  School  ju-ivileges  after 
coming  to  this  country,  were  limited  to  seven 
montlis,  but  these  were  well  improved,  and 
greatly  aide<l  him  through  subsequent  life. 
Mr.  Tavernor  lived  on  the  farm  for  1!)  years, 
dying  Februarj^  3,  1851,  aged  (17  years,  his 
wife  having  died  September  15,  isnd,  aged 
6(1  years.  Mr.  Tavernor,  by  will,  gave  to 
Mr.  Ci-abb  the  farm  home,  which  the  latter  still 
occupies.  Politically,  Mr.  Crabb  was  at  the 
outset  a  Whig,  voting  for  General  Harrison  lor 
President,  in    1840;  and    has   acted    with    the 


908 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Republican  party  since  its  organization.  Never 
a  seeker  tor  public  position,  he  has  served  as 
Township  Trustee,  and  tor  about  20  years  as 
member  of  the  Board  of  Education;  while  he 
has  at  all  times  sought  to  bear  his  full  part  in 
responsibilities  and  duties  of  the  citizen.  He 
was  a  Volunteer  in  the  One  Hundred  amd 
Tiiirtieth  Ohio  Infantry,  serving  in  1864,  during 
which  time  he  was  in  hospital  with  typhoidal 
fever,  the  eflTects  of  which  yet  continue  with 
him.  On  May  5,  1844,  Mr.  Crabb  was  married 
with  Sarah  A.,  daughter  of  Philo  M.  and  Han- 
nah L.  Stevens,  who  also  were  pioneers,  having 
come  from  Genesee  County,  New  York,  in  1833. 
They  have  had  ten  children,  of  whom  seven 
now  survive— Eliza  A.,  born  August  30,  1845, 
the  wife  of  Wm.  Jaekman,  of  Ida,  Michigan; 
Mary  J.,  born  December  5,  1847,  now  at  home  ; 
Ada  M.,  born  September  17,  1851,  wife  of  John 
W.  Baldwin,  Washington  ;  Alice  G.,born  Feb- 
ruary 3,  1854,  wife  of  Abram  Keagle,  Barry 
County,  Michigan  ;  Susan  H.,  born  November 
30,  1859,  wife  of  Bdrue  Parke,  Bronson,  Miehi- 
igan ;  Laura  L.,  born  July  12,  1863,  wife  of 
Arthur  Ruple,  Bronson,  Michigan  ;  and  George 
E.,  born  February  17,  1866"  at  home.  Mrs. 
Jaekman  now  having  a  grandchild  and  her 
grandmother  Stevens  yet  surviving,  there  are 
now  living  in  the  family  a  succession  of  five 
generations. 

EliEAZER  N.  SIVIITH  was  born  at  Sand  Lake, 
Eenusselaer  County,  New  York,  June  16,  1815. 
His  parents  were  Noadiah  and  Susannah 
(Sibley)  Smith.  The  family  on  both  sides 
were  from  Connecticut,  and  were  of  true  New 
England  stock.  The  mother  was  a  sister  of 
William  Sil)ley,  whose  name  at  a  very  earlj^ 
period  was  so  prominently  identified  with  the 
settlement  of  Washington  Township;  and  also 
a  sister  of  Joseph  Sible}',  of  Rochester,  New 
York.  The  sou's  early  years  were  spent  on  a 
farm,  and  his  educational  privileges  such  as 
were  then  common  to  farmers'  sons  in  that 
section.  Having  early  adopted  agi'iculture  as 
his  pursuit  in  life,  and  desiring  a  more  desir- 


able field  of  operations  than  he  found  in  the 
East,  he  left  and  came  West,  arriving  at  Tole- 
do, June  19,  1836,  making  his  stop  in  what  is 
now  Washington  Township.  In  the  fall  of 
1837  he  returned  to  the  East,  remaining  then' 
until  the  spring  of  1839,  when  he  came  back  to 
make  his  ])ermanent  home  here.  He  bought 
an  interest  in  the  estate  of  his  uncle,  Wm.  Sib- 
lej',  who  died  in  1836.  The  property  consisted 
of  260  acres  in  Sections  21  and  22,  of  which 
Mr.  Smith  now  owns  180  acres.  The  improve- 
ment and  cultivation  of  that  large  farm  has 
been  his  life-work ;  and  how  well  that  work 
has  been  done,  his  neighbors  best  can  tell.  For 
something  more  than  30  years  past,  he  has 
given  special  attention  to  the  dairy  business — 
more  particularly  the  supply  of  milk  in  Toledo, 
which  he  has  done  to  the  great  acceptance  of 
many  customers.  The  business,  under  the  firm 
of  E.  N.  Smith  &  Son,  and  the  management  of 
William  N.  Smith,  is  yet  continued.  The  farm 
of  Mr.  Smith  is  among  the  best  in  the  County, 
and  constitutes  a  property  of  which  its  owner 
may  well  be  proud.  He  has  acted  for  several 
terms  as  a  Tru.stee  of  Washington  Township, 
and  in  many  other  ways  .open  to  him  served 
his  fellow-citizens.  At  the  age  of  17,  he  made 
profession  of  the  Christian  faith  and  united 
with  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  which 
relations  he  has  ever  maintained.  On  coming 
West  he  identified  himself  with  the  Church 
now  known  as  the  West  Toledo  Methodist 
Episcopal  Church,  of  which,  for  most  of  the 
time,  he  has  been  an  office-bearer.  It  is  due 
to  Mr.  Smith,  to  say,  that  throughout  an  active 
life,  now  more  than  50  years  in  extent,  he  has 
establisbetl  and  maintained  the  record  of  a 
useful  and  exemplary  citizen,  a  good  neighbor, 
an  honorable  dealer  and  the  faithful  head  of  a 
devoted  family — qualities  covering  every  rela- 
tion of  human  activity.  October  5,  1848,  Mr. 
Smith  was  married  with  Miss  Catherine  Raw- 
son,  of  Bedford,  Monroe  County,  Michigan. 
They  have  had  three  children — William  N., 
now  on  the  farm  ;  Mary,  at  home  ;  and  Emma, 
wife  of  William  W.  Dixon,  of  West  Toledo. 


WAXERVILLE    TOWNSHIP. 


The  Township  of  Waterville,  formerly  em- 
braced in  Waynesfield,  was  set  off  in  1831.  It 
lies  in  the  Southwesterly  part  of  Lucas  County. 
It  is  irregular  in  shape,  and  is  bounded  on  the 
North  by  the  Townships  of  Swanton  and  Mon- 
clova  ;  on  the  East  bj'  Monclova  and  the  Mau- 
mee  River;  on  the  South  by  the  Maumee  River 
and  Providence  Township  ;  and  on  the  West  by 
Providence  and  Swanton  Townships.  The 
area  of  the  Township  is  about  24square  miles. 
The  W  abash  Railway  runs  through  the  North- 
eastern, and  the  Toledo,  St.  Louis  and  Kansas 
City  Railroad  through  the  Southeastern  por- 


tion ;  while  the  Wabash  and  Brie  Canal  follows 
the  course  of  the  Maumee  River. 

This  was  one  of  the  first  settled  portions  of  the 
County.  Long  before  the  first  white  settlers 
came,  it  was  regarded  as  a  favorite  spot  by  the 
Redmen  for  fishing  and  hunting,  the  river 
abounding  in  fish  and  the  dense  forest  afford- 
ing coverts  for  all  kinds  of  game.  The  march 
of  civilization  has  unearthed  many  silent  wit- 
nesses of  the  aboriginal  denizens,  showing  the 
arrow-head,  stone  hatchet  and  other  primitive 
devices  used  in  their  sports,  pastimes  and  war- 
fare.    About  a  mile  Southwest  of  the  Village  of 


! 


WA  TER  VIL  L  E  TO  WNSHIP. 


on-.i 


Watervi]lc,  on  what  is  gonorally  known  as  the 
"  Roche  de  Boeuf  Farm,"  is  still  to  be  seen  in- 
dications of  a  mouiiil,  now  nearly  levelled  to 
the  plain  by  the  niai'ch  of  civilization  and  the 
plow  of  profjress,  which  the  traditions  of  the 
Ottawas  saj'  is  the  last  resting;  place  of  nearly 
200  Rednien,  not  killed  in  battle,  but  in  the 
heat  of  passionate  revenge.  Peter  Manor,  the 
celebrated  Indian  scout  and  guide,  thus  re- 
lates the  legendary  tradition,  as  handed  down 
from  generations  before  : 

"At  the  time  when  the  plum,  thorn-ajiple  and 
wild  grape  were  the  only  products,  and  long  prior  to 
the  advent  of  the  paleface,  the  Ottawas  were  camped 
here,  engaged  in  their  games  and  pastimes,  as  was 
usual  when  not  clad  in  war-paint  and  on  the  look-out 
for  an  enemy.  One  of  the  young  scions  of  the  tribe, 
engaged  in  playing  on  Roclie  de  I^eouf  (Rock  in  the 
River),  fell  over  the  precipice  and  was  instantly 
killed.  The  dusky  husband,  on  his  return  from  the 
council-tires,  on  being  informed  of  the  fate  of  his 
prospective  successor,  at  once  .sent  the  mother  in 
search  of  her  papoose,  by  pushing  her  over  the  rocky 
sides  into  the  shallow  waters  of  the  Manmee.  Her 
next  of  kin,  according  to  Indian  law,  executed  the 
murdering  husband,  and  was  in  turn  executed  in  the 
same  manner,  until  the  frantic  passions  were  checked 
by  the  arrival  of  the  lu'incipal  Chiefs  of  the  tribe. 
This  sudden  outburst  cost  the  tribe  nearly  two-thirds 
its  members,  whose  bodies  were  taken  from  the 
River,  burie<l  with  full  Indian  honors  the  next  day." 

Evidences  of  this  slaughter  were  first  noticed 
in  the  fall  of  18.33,  since  when,  at  various  times, 
many  relics  and  skeletons  of  those  buried  there, 
have  been  exhumed  by  the  hand  of  the  settler 
and  relic-hunter. 

The  main  road  through  the  Township  was 
originally  the  trail  from  the  hunting  grounds  of 
the  Waupaukonnettas,  to  the  British  Fort 
Maiden,  at  the  time  of  their  annual  pay- 
ments. One  of  the  oldest  living  ladies  in  Water- 
ville  (Aunt  Lucina  Haskins)  remembers  to 
have  seen  the  trail  literally  packed  with  Eed- 
meu  ou  tlieir  way  to  the  Fort  to  receive  their 
bounties  from  the  British  Government. 

Among  the  bloody  battles  of  the  past,  with 
which  Watorville  is  clo.sely  identified,  is  that  of 
Fallon  Timbers,  August  20,  1794.  General 
Wayne  encamped  August  18th,  near  the  pres- 
ent site  of  the  Village  of  Waterville,  tliere 
erected  Fort  Deposit,  and  on  the  morning  of 
the  20th  putting  his  army  (of  about  3,000  men) 
in  motion,  gave  battle  to  the  hostile  tribes, 
about  2,000  strong,  under  command  of  Blue 
Jacket,  a  celebrated  Shawnee  Cliief,  who 
were  at  the  Eapids,  near  Presque  Isle,  on  the 
same  side  of  the  River,  and  about  three  miles 
below  Waterville.  The  battle  was  o])ened  in  a 
strip  of  woods  covered  with  fallen  timber 
(from  which  it  received  the  name).  Further 
particulars  of  this  engagement  are  given  on 
pages  41-44  of  this  work. 

About  half  a  mile  up  the  Eiver  from  Water- 
ville, is  Station  Island  (226  acres),  now  owned 
by  Chauncy  Parker.     It  was  formerly  heavily 


timbered  and  purchaseri  from  the  Missionar}' 
Society  about  1840,  by  Brigliani  &  Morehouse. 
Granger  Island,  a  pr-ominont  feature  in  the 
history  of  Waterville,  received  its  name  from  a 
siiuatter  named  Granger,  whom  .bdin  Pray 
was  obliged  to  eject  on  taking  jiossessic^n  under 
|iui-chase  from  the  Government,  consisting  of 
the  ei\tire  Island. 

SETTLEMENT. 

Most  prominent  among  the  early  settlers  of 
Waterville  was  .lohn  Pray,  to  whose  enter- 
prise and  energy  the  Township  is  more  in- 
debted for  its  start,  than  to  an}'  other  one 
person.  Although  not  absolutely  the  first 
actual  settlor,  he  was  yet  on  the  ground  virtu- 
ally settled  before  any  other  one  liad  made  his 
abode  there.  As  elsewhere  stated,  he  came 
first  in  1817,  and  made  it  his  permanent 
home  in  1818.  He  was  followed  by  Orson 
Ballon,  in  1818;  by  Whitcomb  Haskins,  in 
1822;  and  by  others  whose  names  and  dates  wo 
cannot  reliably  obtain. 

As  seen,  settlement  at  Waterville  followed 
very  soon  after  the  War  of  1812-15,  and  dates 
back  near  to  those  at  other  j)ointson  the  Rivei-. 
John  Pray's  first  visit  there  (1817)  was  coin- 
cident with  the  platting  of  old  Port  Lawrence, 
which  so  soon  disajjpeared,  and  was  not  resur- 
rected until  1832,  a  year  after  Mr.  Pray  had 
laid  out  the  Village  of  Waterville.  The  "  pros- 
pects" of  no  point  on  the  Eiver,  at  one  time, 
were  better  than  were  those  of  Waterville  ; 
while  it  is  also  true,  that  none  were  directed 
by  more  energy  and  enterprise,  tiian  was  that 
place.  Its  business  men,  fi'oni  the  start,  were 
among  the  most  prominent  and  honorable 
operators  of  the  V^alley.  That  they  were  not 
able,  in  results,  to  justify  their  expectations  was 
not  due  to  lack  of  earnest  effort  against  com- 
bining obstacles.  The  construction  of  Canals 
and  Railroads — so  wholly  changing  the  course, 
as  well  as  the  methods,  of  trade  and  travel — 
proved  too  much  for  the  conditions  on  which 
hundreds  of  enterprises  more  pretentious  than 
Waterville,  were  made  to  rest. 

INITIAL    PACTS. 

The  first  actual  settlement  within  Waterville 
Township,  was  on  the  Poche  de  Boeuf  Farm, 
about  a  mile  and  a  half  below  the  Village,  in 
1814,  by  Isaac  Richardson,  the  nearest  point 
being  Perrysburg.  Settlers  came  veiy  slowly 
at  first.  Gilbert  Underwood  came  in  18I(j; 
the  Adams  family  in  I !-;i7,  .settling  on  what  is 
known  as  the  Hutchinson  Farm,  in  the  North- 
ern part  of  the  Township.  In  1818,  we  find 
Jcdin  Pray  coming  from  Madison  County,  and 
Artemus  Underwood  from  Onondaga  County, 
New  York,  and  settling  on  Presque  Isle  Hill. 

Among  the  early  births  in  the  Township  w'e 
find  Pans  H.  Pray,  born  May  8,  1819. 

Waterville  can  \&y  claim  to  being  the  birth- 
place of  the  oldest  living  resident  (July,  1888) 


1 


910 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


in  Lucas  County,  Warren  B.  Gunn  having  been 
born  on  what  is  known  as  the  Gunn  farm,  in 
1820. 

The  first  Graveyard  was  opened  on  the 
Eoche  de  Boeuf  Farm,  Northwest  corner  of 
River  tract  39,  about  ls25;  and  the  second,  the 
same  year,  on  the  site  of  the  John  Pray  home- 
stead, and  afterwards  moved  to  its  present 
location,  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  to  the  South- 
west. 

Among  the  first  deaths  of  which  record  can 
be  found,  are  of  tlie  Underwood  family  fi-om 
malarial  or  •'  Swamp  Fever  " — Gilbert  Under- 
wood, Augu-<t  7,  1819;  Milton  Underwood, 
September  27,  1819;  Solomon  Underwood, 
October  4,  1819;  Laura  Underwood,  October 
21,  1819;  and  Sally  Underwood,  November  21, 
1820. 

Lewis  Eastwood,  born  in  Troy,  New  York, 
January  26,  1809,  is  probably  the  oldest  man 
now  in  the  Township.  He  was  married  with 
Amanda  Hall,  in  Waterville,  November  1,  C838, 
and  is  the  fiither  of  five  children — Ellen,  John, 
Lina,  Asa  and  Sarah.  He  is  the  proprietor  of 
a  large  Apiary. 

The  first  Tavern  in  the  Township  was  open- 
ed by  a  man  by  tiie  name  of  Isaac  Richardson, 
in  tlie  j'ear  1816,  on  the  Roche  de  Beouf  farm. 
It  was  a  double  log  house  on  the  site  of  the 
Dodd  homestead.  He  continued  there  until  the 
fall  of  1829,  when  he  was  shot  and  killed  by 
one  Porter,  who  was  hung  at  Peirysburg  in 
the  spring  of  1831,  this  being  the  first  execu- 
tion within  the  present  Counties  of  Lucas  and 
Wood. 

The  next  hotel  of  which  we  find  account, 
was  opened  on  the  present  site  of  the  Columbian 
House,  by  John  Pray,  in  1828.  The  Wabash 
House  was  opened  by  Lyman  Dudley,  in  1830, 
on  the  opposite  side  of  the  Street.  The  build- 
ing was  moved  in  1835  by  L.  L.  Morehouse, 
and  in  its  place  was  erected  the  house  now  oc- 
cupied by  Dr.  Samuel  Dodd. 

The  mail  facilities  in  early  days  were  very 
meagre,  John  Pray  being  the  first  pastmas- 
ter,  and  the  mails  being  weekly'  in  connection 
with  the  route  from  Defiance  to  Toledo. 

The  first  Physicians  were  Welcome  and  Paris 
Pray,  who  began  practice  in  1830. 

The  first  attempt  at  a  Mill  in  the  Township, 
was  made  in  1818,  about  a  mile  and  a  half 
North  of  the  present  Village,  by  Adams,  Hunt 
&  Co.  It  was  a  rude  and  imperfect  affair, 
built  of  rough  clap-boards  and  painted  red,  and 
came  to  be  known  as  the  "  Old  Red  Ox-Mill," 
its  motive  power  having  been  oxen.  For  some 
time  it  was  used  as  a  Feed  Mill,  and  in  1825 
was  overhauled  and  used  as  a  vSchool-house. 
The  next  mill,  and  first  Grist  Mill,  was  that  of 
John  Pray,  on  Granger  Island,  built  in  1821, 
and  referred  to  elsewhere.  The  one  built  by 
him  on  the  West  shore  in  1830,  and  now  own- 
ed and  operated  bj^  Witle,  Slatts  &  Co.,  was 
bought  by   them  of  J.  M.  Christman  in  1886. 


Its  present  capacity  is  125  barrels  of  flour  per 
day.  In  connection  with  this  mill,  is  a  Saw 
and  Planing  Mill,  which  was  built  in  1846  by 
L.  L.  Morehouse  and  Van  Vorsen. 

The  first  Blacksmith  Shop  in  the  Township 
was  started  in  1830,  by  Captain  John  Pettinger 
on  the  East  side  of  Main  Street,  opposite  the 
Columbian  House.  After  about  10  j-ears,  he 
removed  his  forge  to  his  farm  on  Section  19, 
where  it  remained  until  his  death,  in  1883. 
Following  Captain  Pettinger  were  Whitcomb 
and  Carter  on  the  North  side  of  the  Public 
Square,  who  sold  out  to  Sereno  C.  Brainard  and 
Orris  V.  Crosby  (both  now  living  at  Delta, 
Ohio),  who  continued  the  business  till  1848. 
Among  their  force  we  find  a  man  now  promi- 
nent in  Waterville,  Captain  James  Marston, 
who  served  his  apprenticeship  with  them 
from  1841  till  1848,  and  is  now  one  of  the 
principal  stockholders  and  tlie  President  and 
Manager  of  the  Waterville  Natural  Gas  and 
Oil  Company.  They  were  followed  l)y  Michael 
Tyler,  who  continued  till  1884.  There  is  now 
in  the  business,  Asher  Demuth,on  Wood  Street, 
who  succeeded  Tyler  in  1884;  Henry  Cauk- 
narr,  on  Mechanic  Street,  commencing  in  1883; 
and  Groff  and  Schwind,  liegiTining  in  1885. 

The  first  bridge  crossing  the  Maumee  within 
Waterville  Township  was  at  the  site  ol'  the  old 
Ferry,  near  Pray's  Falls,  and  was  built  jointly 
b}'  Wood  and  Lucas  Counties  in  1874.  It  was 
a  wooden  truss,  costing  $22,000,  and  was  re- 
placed in  the  Spring  of  1888  by  the  Smith 
Bridge  Co.,  with  an  elegant  iron  bridge,  at  a 
cost  of  over  $30,000. 

Over  the  Miami  and  Erie  Canal,  there  have 
been  built  six  bridges,  the  first  in  1838,  the  last 
one  in  1884. 

The  first  Threshing  Machine  in  the  Town- 
ship was  used  in  1843,  by  Vermilyea. 

ORIGINAL    LAND    ENTRIES. 

Following  is  a  list  of  original  purchases  of 
land  in  Waterville  Townshi]i,  a  largo  portion 
of  which  was  purchased  of  the  State,  and 
known  as  "  Canal  Lands." 

HoUister  Haskins,  1822,  160  acres. 

Martin  Guun,  1823,  173  acres. 

River  Tr.act  32,  R.  A.  Forsyth,  1R25,  174  acres. 

River  Tract  34,  Jobii  Hollister,  1825, 184  acres. 

UNITED    STATES    KESERVE— TOWX   ONE. 
Section,  Pnirfiasers'  Navies,  Dak  and  Acrm. 
Northwest  yi  Southwest  ^  Sec.  17,  .los.  H.  Larwell,  1836;  40  acres. 
Northwest  14  Southeast  U  Sec.  17,  Lewis  Hunt,  1S33:  40  acres. 
Southwest  J4  Southeastj^Sec.  17, -Jeremiah  Johnson,  1823; 40. 
Southwest  %  Southwest  X  Sec.  17,  Mathias  \&n  Fleet,  18:^3;  4ii. 
Southwest  I4  Southwest  !4  Sec.  18,  Caleb  EevnoMs,  1833:  40 acres. 
East  I.,  Southeast  %  Sec.  18,  Elias  I'owler,  1833;  80  acres. 
Northwest  Ji  Southeast  %  Sec.  18,  Henry  Btnnett,  1836;  40  acres. 
Northeast  %  Section  19,  John  Pettinger,  1832:  80  acres. 
East  K  Southeast  K  Section  lil.  John  Prav,  1833:  80  acres. 
West  %  Southwest  %  Sec.  Vi.  Henry  C.  Klodgctt,  1843;  80  acres. 
East  U  Southwest  M  Sec.  19,  Elijah  Dodd,  Is4:i:  80  acres. 
West  %  Northwest  Ji  Sec.  19,  Amnion  Nicholas,  18;ffl;  80  acres. 
East  y.  Northwest  %  Sec.  19,  Michael  Strimhart,  l^:i8;  80  acres. 
East  jI  West  1.^  Sotithwest  >4  Sec.  20,  Whitcomb  Haskins,  183S; 

40  acres. 
Northwest  ?^  Southwest  J4  ^cc.  20,  Wm.  and  Abram  Pettinger, 

18.33:  40  acres. 
Northeast  y  Northwest  )4  aid  Northwest  J^  Northwest  J^  Sec.  20, 

Matthias's.  Van  Fleet,  1833;  40  acres. 
Southwest  yi  Northwest  Jj  Sec.  20,  John  Pray,  1833;  40  acres. 


WATERVTLLE  TOWNSHIP. 


911 


Southeast  M  Northwest  JsJ  Sec.  30,  John  Van  Fleet,  1S33;  40  acres. 
Easi  i..  s.mthwfst  14  Sec.  aO,  Thomns  .'Shoemaker,  18.^3:  80  acres. 
Wrst  i._.  Nnrtlini'.'^t  Vi  Scc.  'i'J,  Siihii.iii  Cross,  IftiJ;  80  acres. 
East  I..  Northwest  "r,'  See.  -29.  Ualjih  I-'arnsworlh,  1832;  80  acres. 
Soutli  J*  SL-ction  30.  Isaac  T.  Dudlev,  18)2:  3211  acres. 
Southwest  J4  Nnrthcasi  'i.  See.  30.  Lvman  liiKilev,  1833;  40  acres. 
Northwest  it  Seetiou  30,  Elisha  Hunt.  W.iS:  160 acres. 
West  H  Northwest  H  Sec.  31,  Isaac  T.  Dudley,  1833;  80  acres. 
East  )o  Northwest  U,  Sec.  31,  Elijah  Doihl,  1843:  80  acres. 

RANGE    NINE,   TOWN    SEVEN. 

Southwest  i4  Section  ati,  Valeutiuc  Wiuslow,  1S.S3;  rji'i.ilS  acres. 
East  'A  Southeast  '4  See.  2(1,  Africa  Spaliliiis;.  1SI3:  HO  acres. 
Northwest  I4  Si.'iuhrHst  ^  See.  2(),  Samuel  Davis,  1H30;  40  acres. 
West  part  Soiithw  est  !_,  .See.  Sli,  Kihvanl  Ofjiieu,  l.s^ll;  80  acres. 
Norlliwesl  frac.  Jii  .Sec.  27,  Daniel  Barnes,  18:38:  8:). 13  acres. 
Northeast  }4  Northeast  frac.  U  Sec  37.  Edward  Ogden,  1812:  40.21 

acres. 
Northwest  frac.  Northeast  }i  (old  survey)  Sec.  34,  Pari.s  Pray. 

1833:  74.88  acres. 
Northwest  "-^  East  L^  and  West  }i  Northeast  J4  Sec.  34,  Harvey 

Kimber, :  560  acres 

East  I4  Northea.st  I4  .Sec.  34.  Wm.  Martin.  18.'^4:  80  acres. 

North  jiart  Northeast  fraction  Sec.  55,  Philip  Cripliver,  1830:  8().40 

acres. 
South  part  frac.  H  Sec.  .35,  Jacob  McQuilling,  1839;  90.10  acres. 
South  14  Southeast  frac.  «  Sec.  35,   O.  V.  R.  Crosby,  1844;  76.08 

acres. 
North  ii  Southeast  frac.  J^  Sec.  35,  H.  L   Wood.  1812;  52  acres. 
Southwest  l^Northeast  J4  Sec.  35,  John  Holligcr,  1844:26.31  acres. 
Northwest  friie.  14  .Sec.  35,  Bernard  Long,  1848:  154.92  acres. 
Southw  e.-t  I4  Section  35,  James  Craven.  1842;  IfiO  acres. 
West  u,  .Suutheast  H  Sec.  :'S.  William  Lvttle,  1836:  80  acres. 
East  U,  Soutlieast  hi  Sec.  .36,  John  Miller,  18:59;  80  acres. 
East  H  Southwest  H  and  iast  %  Northwest  14  Sec.  36,  Philip 

Cripliver.  18:J9:  160  acres. 
Southwest  corner  Southwest  J4  Sec.  36,  John  Pray,  — ;  3.49  acres. 

RANGE    NINE,    TOWN    SIX. 

Northwest  fraction  Section  1,  John  Fray,  1843;  67.93  acres. 

East  y>  Northeast  M  and  Northeast  fraction  Southeast  ^  Section 

1,  John  Roop,  1843:  117.50  acres. 
.Southeast  %  Southeast  H  Sec.  1,  John  fJ.  Schneider,»n842:  45  59 

acres. 
South  X  Southwest  H  Sec.  1.  Frederick  Fericel,  1842;  87.86  acres. 
Southwest  yi  Southwest  }4  Sec.  1,  A.  J.  Eldridge,  1840;  40.39  acres. 
Northwest  M  Southwest  H  Sec.  1,  J.  F.  Burnett.  1842;  44.40  acres. 
North  part  Northciist  frac.  H  Sec.  2,  Jos.  Hall,  1842:  62.12  acree. 
North  part  Northeast  frac.  Ji  Sec.  8,  James  (.'raven,  1844:  80  acres. 
Southeast  %  Section  2,  Josepli  White,  1842;  160  acres. 
Southea.st  In  .Southwest  yi  Sec.  2,  Geo.  Schnabel,  1S53;  80  acres. 
West  1.. Southwest  <4  Sec.  3.  A.  J.  Eldridgi',  1M2;  80  acres. 
Nort  hw  est  '•4  Norttiwest  J4  Sec.  2.  Harvey  Kimber,1842;  62.2:5  acres. 
Southwest  I4  Sections,  John  Bacon,  1850;  160  acres. 
Southwest  "ti  Southeast  frac.  }-i  Sec.  3,  Frederick  (irimm,  1.S50; 

40  acres. 
Northeast  fraction  Sec.  3,  Rika  Grimm,  1850:  60.02  acres. 
West  frac.  .Southeast  K  Sec.  3,  John  Bacon,  1848;  80  acres. 
East  J4  Southeast  a  Sec.  3,  George  Black,  1842;  80  acres. 
Southeast  %  frac.  Northeast  %  Sec.  3,  John  G.  Schneider,  1812; 

40  acres. 
East  J4  Northeast  }i  Sec.  10,  Levi  Riuehart  and  John  Bacon,  1842; 

80  acres. 
Nortnwest  H  Section  10,  John  M.  Meyer,  Jr.,  1842;  160  acres. 
Southwest  }^  Section  10,  James  Craven,  1844;  160  acres. 
Northeast  jij  Southeast  hi  Sec.  10,  John  M.  -Meyer,  1842;  40  acres. 
Section  II,  Geo.  Schnabel,  1843;  640  acres. 
Fraction  Section  12,  John  Pray,  1833;  13.96  acres. 
North  frac.Northeast  frac.  hi  Sec.  12,  Wm.  Lyttle,  1844;  61.30  acres. 
South  frac.  Northeast  frac.  J^  Sec.  12,  Patrick  Harrington,  1842; 

86.94  acres. 
Southeast  J^  and  Southwest  ^  and  .South   \i  Northwest  J^  and 

Northwest  V  Northwest  %  Sec.  13,  Joseph  White,  1842;  482.27 

acres. 
Northwest  y  Section  12,  Cicorge  Sclraabel,  184:3;  160  acres. 
Southwest  )4  Section  13,  A.  H.  Lansdale,  1842;  167.68  acres. 
Lots  1  and  2,  Sec.  24,  Jeremiah  C'lav,  1852;  .86  acres. 
West  %  Section  24,  Jacob  Fancher,  1834:  258.93  acres. 
North  y.  Southeast  %  and  East  H  Northeast  M  Sec.  24,  A.  II.  and 

R.  Lansdale,  1.842;  132.57  acres. 

RANGE    TEN,   TOWN   SIX. 

South  part  frac.  Sec.  6,  Isaac  T.  Dudley,  1833.  87.20  acres. 
North  %  frac_  %Sec,  6,  Thos.  Shoemaker,  183'.i;  78  78  acres. 
Lots  1,  8,and  South  part  Sec.  7,  Joseph  White,  1842;  89..89  acres. 
North  >«  Northwest  )4  Sec.  19,  Myers  .Shoemaker,  1842;  80  acres. 
Southwest  hi  Northwest  >4  Sec.  19,  A.  H.  Lansdale,  1H42;  40  acres. 
Southeast  3^  Northwest  frac.  hi  Sec.  19,   Myers  shoemaker,  1813; 
33.40  acres. 

RANGE   TEN,    TOWN    SEVEN. 

South  a  Section  .30,  James  G.  Harrah,  1823;  89.66  acres. 
North  i^  fraction  Sec.  31,  Geo.  Uhinehart,  1839,  ,'i6.40  acres. 

TRANSFERS    OF     REAL    ESTATE. 

The  following  reconl  of  the  early  sales  of 
property  is  useful  as  showing  the  dates  when 
purchasers    became  interested  in  the  locality  : 


John  Pray  to  William  Oliver,  180  Bcreo,  lot  2«  United  States  Re- 
serve. 8*»2:  1826. 

R.  A.  Forsyth  to  Anthony  I>a  Point,  1828. 

Same  to  John  Van  Fleet,  1839. 

Francis  Ditts  to  Jane  Richardson,  1830. 

Moses  Thompson  to  Collister  IIa.skins,  tract  38.  135  acres,  1H37; 
$203. 

John  Pray  to  Daiiii'l  l.akiii,  1831. 

.lohli  l'ra\  to.Inhu  I'ittiliuer.  18:13. 

Isiuic  Iliidley  to  Alansing  Wat.soii  :  Seiit.,  1834. 

Same  to  Capt.  Elijah  Kiurin>.  Feb.,  18.3.5. 

I'hilandcr  Noble,  to  .Mfrcil  Hamilton,  1834. 

Lewis  Saunvcr  to  John  Fowler.  18:J5. 

John  Pray  to.lolin  O.  Ensiiin,  I8.i.'>. 

Oliver  Pray  to  Janu's  .sperry.  18;16. 

John  Wiuiienbcrg  to  Welcome  Pray  and  Galen  H.  Abel.  1.8:i5. 

.lobii  Pray  to  Henry  Reed,  June,  18:i3,  lilti  acres  in  Tract 35, 83,8i'>4. 

.lacob  Eberlv  to  Paris  I'rav,  IS33. 

Daniel  Metzker  to  Michael  rucai.ber.  March,  18:15. 

.lohn  Pray  to  Hernuiii  S.Ctu'tis.  l.s;}5. 

Luther  Hutchison  to  Wele<une  Pray,  Jane  Richardson,  James 
Sperry  and  IraWildcrs.  18:14 

John  Prav  to  Peter  Roberdeau.x.  1833. 

.lohn  Prav  to  Edward  D.  SarKcnt,  1834. 

John  I'ray  to  Jacob  l.a.se,  1831. 

John  Pray  to  John  I.   Prav,  lot  40  United  States  Kcservc,  1S:)3. 

John  Pray  to  Ira  Doilley,  18:14 

Jacob  Lose  to  .lacob  Hu'ffman,  18.35. 

John  Lose  totieorgc  Trauger,  18:i5. 

John  Pray  to  lleiniau  J.  C'urtis.  18:J5. 

Alansing  "Watson  to  Oliver  Prav,  l,s.35. 

John  Van  Fleet  to  H.  Smith  anil  I,.  K.  Stone.  18;!5. 

Guy  Nearing  and  Neptune  Nearing  to  I^vi  Beardsley  auQ  t)liver 
A.  Morse,  1S35. 

Horatio  Nearing  to  Levi  Beardsley  anil  (Jliver  A.  Morse,  18')5. 

Dan.  R.  Miller  to  Archange  Knaggs,  May,  1835;  Iinlian  Island. 
Maumce  River,  93  acres:  $116.  April  8,  18:16,  Mr.  KnaKgs  sold 
this  ]iroperty  to  Chas  D.  Foot,  Daniel  Sw  ift  and  Wm.  llinirod 
for  $2,500.  .\t  this  time  the  Island  was  occuiued  by  Alex. 
Knaggs.  a-s  a  residence. 

Jared  Van  Fleet  to  .lames  Ballard,  March,  18.36. 

Wm.  and  Abram  Pittinger  to  Matthias  Van  Fleet,  March,  18.36. 

Jeremiah  Johnson  to  .Vlmon  Gibbs  Johu.son,  March,  1836. 

Ebenczer  Gillett  to  Edward  Sargent  and  Henry  A.  Cooper, 
February,  1816. 

Filield  Richardson  to  John  Reeves,  18:3f>. 

John  Pray  to  .lacob  Eberlv.  .\pril,  18:13 :  lot  21.  Waterville,  $50. 

.lohn  Hinger  to  Beder  Gross,  18:16. 

<.>liverPray  to  .lohn  Pray,  l.s;j6. 

Luther  Hutchinson  to  David  Hall,  18:ii;. 

In  March,   1836,  Saw-en-de-baus,  or  the  Yellow  Hair,  aUa$ 

Peter  Minor  (an  adopted  sou  of  Ton-dog-a-nee,  Chief  of  the 

Ottawa  trib^'   of    Indians),  in  consi<lenition  of   $60,000.  sold  to 

Robert   Forsyth  andtico.    B.  Knaggs.  613  acres  of  land,   which 

was  eonlirmed  to  Jlinor  by  the  I'resi<lcnt,  under  the  negotiated 

tieaty  with  tlic  (!>ttawas  iii    February  I8'W;  the  same  lying  on 

the  North  side  of  Maumce  River,  at  the  Wolf  Rapids.     Angelica, 

wife  of  Peter  Minor,  joiiu'd  in  the  deed.    The  witnesses  to  the 

conveyance  were  Guy  Nearin;;  and  James  King;  the  former  as 

Justice  of  the  Peace,   taking   Minor's  acknowledgment  of  the 

same  :  while  J.  H.  Forsyth.  Horatio  Conant,   C.  (.'.  P.  Hunt   and 

Oscar  White  eertitied  to'Minor's  litiu'ss  t<)  transact  such  business, 

and  to  the  snilieieney  of  the  price  paid  for  the  property.    Gen. 

Lewis  Cass,  then  Seci"etary  of  War,  endorsed  the  high  respecta- 
bility of  these  parties.    In  August,   18:16,  the  same  properly  was 

deeded  back  to  Minor  by  the  grantees  of  his  deed,  at  the  same 

)irice,  $60,000. 

Harmon  J.  Curtis  to  .Vbbey  Cole,  ls;l6. 

Philip  Cripliver  to  .lohn  Cripliver.  1.^16. 

John  Pray  to  Theophilus  short  and  Ira  Wilder,  October.  18:15. 
Granger  Island,  in  the  Maumce  River,  and  lots  in  Water- 
ville, for  S7, 000:  Pray  reserving  certain  privileges,  includiiiK 
the  removal  of  'everything  iii  the  old  Mill  on  the  Islantl, 
e.'ccept  tlae  Water-Whcel.  and  the  rcmitvai  of  the  contcnt.s  of 
barn." 

James  Ballard  I0  Ira  White,  February,  18:17. 

John  Pray  to  Joseph  E.  Hall,  lot  105  in  the  Town  of  Waterville, 
May,  1837;  price  $160. 

John  Pray  to  Herman  J.  Curtis,  James  Carncll  and  Henry  A. 
Cooper,  .\pril.  18:J7. 

David  Holiart  to  Wm.  Cox,  March,  iwi7. 

John  Galloway  to  Henry  (iailoway   .\pril,  1837. 

John  Prav  to  V.  Crosbv  and  Daniel  Salpaugh,  18.37. 

Wm.  J    Keteham  lo  John  Van  Fleet,  18:16. 

Willard  Gunn  (..John  Van  Fleet.  April,  18:17 

Jacob  Mcljuilling  to  John  Holli(;cr,  March,  \KV,. 

John  Prav  to  Orson  Warrincr,  Orin  W^arriner  and  Har\cy  V. 
Mann',  May.  18:17. 

John  Pray  10  Thomas  Blair,  May.  18;iS. 

Stisan  Thorp  lo  Clarissa  Thorp,  -Inly,  18:17. 

.iidin  I'ray  to  .\nslem  Carev,  .nine,  183H. 

A.  H.Crosby  to  John  lIoaK.'Mav,  1838. 

John  Pray  to  Rial  stebbins  April,  18'i8. 

John  Prav  Daniel  Salpaugh,  May.  1S38. 

John  Hogne  to  Eleanor  M.  I'ost.  Jtinc,  18.38. 

Warren  Trcmaine  to  JetVcrsou  Van  Fleet.  .Si'pteniber.  18:18. 

Oilman  Cbedic  to  John  Wright.  November,  11^:17. 

John  Prav  lo  Alpha  Ci>lc.  Edward  1>.  .Sargent.  Daviil  G.  Hancock 
and   Ebenczer  tiillelt.  1888. 

Elisha  Williams  lo  Samuel  Gould.  January,  1839. 

John  Pray  to  Wm.  Scbenck.  July,  18;!9. 

John  Pray  toW'elctunc  Prav,  Mav,  IKKt  :  lo  Jnliu>s  Carroll,  May, 
1839 ;  anil  to  Orson  Ball'ou,  May,  18'j9. 


912 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Hiram  Smitli  to  Henrv  I-..  WoofI,  April,  1839. 

Edward  R.  Dyer,  to  Steiilien  F.  Dyer  and  Eseck  H.  Dyt-r,  April, 
ia39. 

\Vm.  P.  Hcziior  to  Peter  P.  Batomaii,  Septcmlier,  18.S9- 

John  Prav  to  Siniou  Bartloy,  February,  1840:  to  Chas.  G.  Car- 
roltoii.  DeeoiTilier.  18W);  to  Lorenzo  P.  Dndly.  March,  1840; 
to  Burton  H.  llickox,  July.  1839  ;  to  Lorenzo  L.  Morehonse, 
June,  184(1. 

John  Van  Fleet  to.Jolin  O.  Ensign,  March.  1840. 

Orri.s  V.  frosljv  to  Eleanor  N.  Kl.lriilKe,  Ajiril.  1840. 

Warren  Trenia'ine  to  Gardner  Trrniiiine.  .\ugnst,  1840. 

Ralph  Farnsworth  to  .Jolin  Prav,  ,lune,  l.Ml. 

Farley  T.  Aljbott  to  Alfred  J.  Eldridge,  April,  1841. 

Wni.  Cox  to  .John  Miller,  December,  1841. 

PeteT-  i^traver  to  Geo.  Walters,  November,  1840. 

John  Pray  to  Osmon  Pray.  October,  1838. 

Ale.x.  Howard  ft  at.  to  Siinon  Hartley,  June,  1841. 

Jolm  Pray  to  Constant  Cook,  Jnly,  1842;  to  John  S.  Bates,  No- 
vember, 1841. 

Jeremiah  Ward  to  A.  J.  Eldridge.  November.  1842. 

John  Pittinger  to  Elijah  Dodd,  March.  184:!. 

H.  J.  Curtis  to  Elijah  Dodd  and  L.  L   Morehouse,  1842. 

John  Pray  to  John  Creuthers.  January,  1843. 

Kaipb  Farnsworth  to  Tbos.  Shoemaker,  .January,  1841. 

Sally,  Mary  aiul  Betsey  Holmes,  heirs  of  John  Holmes,  to  Fran- 
ces J.  Holmes  (widow  ).  Ajiril,  ist'j. 

Alpha  Cole  to  Betsey  Reed,  Novendjer,  ISfi. 

James  Craven  to  Josepli  E   Hall,  June,  1843. 

John  Pray  to  Jacob  Corson,  June,  18:W. 

Barnard  Long  to  Melchoir  Verkerlie,  October,  1842 

J(diu  Prav  to  John  (1.  Pierce,  November,  1842. 

Matthias  Van  Fleet  to  Chas.  Van  Fleet,  September,  1843. 

K.  II.  and  A.  H.  Lan.sdale  to  Thos.  Pidilell,  181:3. 

John  Prav  to  Elisha  Whitcomb,  April,  18)2. 

Esek  H.  Dyer  to  Newell  C.  Hall,  May,  1844. 

James  Craven  to  Eleanor  N.  Eldridge,  March,  1844. 

John  Pray  to  Joel  S.  Richardson,  March,  1814. 

H.  L.  W'ood  to  James  Craven,  February,  1844. 

John  Prav  to  Wm.  H.  Cobleigli  and  Sereno  C.  Braiuard,  Nov., 
1844. 

Patrick  Harrington  to  Nicholas  Angel,  July,  1844. 

Henry  A.  Cooper  to  Sarah  Eastman,  May,  1845. 

John  Prav  to  Nathan  W.  Pray,  1845. 

Wra.  H.  Hickox  to  ICI.eni'zer  Gillett,  March.  1.S46. 

,Ios.  White  to  E]'liraini  Knapp,  July,  1846. 

.John  Pray  to  Collister  Ann  All,  June.  1846. 

Miltcni  Rakestraw  to  Joseith  Rakestraw,  December.  1S:33. 

Sheritl' to  Yarnell  and  Rowland  Rakestraw.  in  partition  of  lands 
of  the  estate  of  their  father,  Joseph  Rjikestraw.  deceased  ; 
the  Slierift" 's  acknowledgment  was  tnken  by  M.  R,  VVaite, 
Mayor  of  Manraee  City,  October  24,  1816. 

Patrick  llai-rington  to  Martin  Miller,  .\ngust,  1847. 

Leander  Heninth  toOrin  and  Milo  Gilbert.  March,  1847. 

John  Pray   to  Barzilla  P.  Harrison,  .lannary.  lt^6. 

Abner  Moulton  to  .Vbner  W.  Monlton,  t)ctoiier,  1843. 

John  Pray  to  Ozro  D.  Pray,  March.  1845. 

John  C.  Maag  to  Jacob  Fautz.  October.  1847. 

Tbos.  Piddell  to  Jeremiah  S\illivan,  1817. 

Tlie  Sberifl'  to  Edward  R.  Dyer,  December.  1817. 

Joseiih  White  to  Leander  Dcmuth,  Jnly,  1846. 

Joseph  White  to  Ephraim  Knapp.  Jnlv,  1846. 

John  Pray  to  P\irlev  P.  Abbott,  Septemfler,  1846. 

Joseph  White  to  Wm.  Little,  March,  1847. 

John  Pray  to  Lewis  Eastwood,  October,  18.38. 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICERS    AND    ELECTIONS 

The  first  election  in  Waterville  Township 
was  hold  April  4,  1831,  with  Daniel  Lakins, 
Jacob  Eberlv  and  (ieorjje  W.  Evans  as  Judges; 
and  Kalph  Farnsworth  and  William  Meeker  as 
Clerks.  The  I'esiilt  of  this  election  was  the 
choice  of  the  following  Township  oiBcers  : 

Jonas  Cleveland,  Williain  Meeker  and  James  C. 
Adams,  Trustees  ;  Willard  Gunn  and  Jeremiah 
Johnson,  Overseers  of  the  Poor;  Ralph  Farns- 
worth, Clerk;  George  W.  Evans,  Treasurer;  David 
Robbins,  Constable;  Richard  Cninu  and  .Jacob  Eber- 
lv, Fence  Viewers;  John  Vanfleet  and  Whitcomb 
Haskins,  Supervisors  of  Highway. 

June  21,  1831,  John  Vantlect  and  Daniel  Lakins 
were  elected  Justices  of  the  Peace. 

July  11,  l.SoI,  the  Trustees  divided  the  Town.ship 
into  two  School  Districts,  as  follows;  District  No.  1, 
from  the  North  line  of  the  Township  to  the  line  be- 
tween River  tracts  Nos.  33  and  34  ;  and  No.  2,  from 
thence  to  the  South  line  of  the  Township. 

Ralph  Farnsworth  was  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace 
December  31,  1.S3I. 

Other  Township  officers  were  elected  as 
follows: 


1832.  Trustees,  .Tonas  Cleveland,  Whitcomb  Has- 
kins and  G.  B.  Abell.  Clerk,  Wm.  Meeker.  Treas- 
urer, John  Pray.  Overseers  of  Poor,  Jeremiah  John- 
son, Willard  (junn.  Supervisors  of  Highways,  .lere- 
miah  Johnson  and  Jacob  Eberly.  Fence  Viewers, 
Richard  Gunn,  Matthitis  S.  A'anfleet.  Constable, 
David  Robbins. 

1S33.  Trustees,  Whitcomb  Haskins,  G.  B.  Abell. 
David  Hobard.  Clerk,  Wm.  Meeker.  Treasurer, 
John  Pray.  Overseersof  Poor,  Willard  Gunn,  Jere. 
Johnson.  Fence  Viewers,  M.  S.  Vantleet,  Thomas 
Shoemaker.  Richard  Gunn.  Supervi.sors,  John  Van- 
fleet,  Wm.  Meeker.     Constable,  Orson  Ballon. 

18.34.  Trustees,  G.  B.  Abell,  W.  Haskins,  John 
Vanfleet.  Clerk.  Wm.  Ewing.  Treasurer,  John  Pit- 
tinger. Overseers  of  Poor,  J.  C.  Adams,  Jere.  John- 
son, Willard  Gunn.  Fence  Viewers,  Jere.  Johnson, 
Alex.  Howard,  Willard  Gunn.  Supervisors,  M.  S. 
Vanfleet,  Thos.  Shoemaker,  Joseph  Rakestraw,  Hi- 
ram Tlieabolt.  Constables,  Lewis  Eastwood,  Dana 
Robbins.  Solomon  Cross  was  apjiointed  Constable, 
vice  Lewis  Eastwo(jd,  who  declined. 

July  10,  183-1,  J.  C.  Adams  was  elected  Justice  of 
the  Peace. 

October  14,  1834,  the  first  State  election  seems  to 
have  been  lield  in  the  Township.  The  vote  stood  as 
follows  (the  flrst  named  candidates  being  Whigs,  and 
the  second  Democrats): 

Governor — James  Findlay,  18  ;  Robert  Lucas,   22. 

Rejiresentatives  in  Legislature— Joseph  H.  Crane, 
32  ;  Wni.  Helfeustein,  8. 

County  Commissioners — James  Wilkisou,  14; 
Epaprodatus  Foot,  26.    . 

County  Surveyor — Samuel  Divine,  19;  Adsou 
Smith.  12  ;  Neptune  Nearing,  6. 

Assessor — Joshua  Chappell,  34  ;  G.  W.  Wood,  3. 
December  10,  1834,  Ralph   Farnsworth  was  elected 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  having  31   votes,  to  2  votes  for 
Robert  Rvan. 

183.5.  Trustees,  G.  B.  Abell,  Moses  Thorp,  Whit- 
comb Haskins.  Clerk.  William  Ewing.  Treasurer, 
Ralph  Farnsworth.  Overseers  of  Poor,  John  Van- 
fleet,  Henry  Reed,  Sr.  Fence  Viewers,  Jere.  Johnson, 
Hiraui  Thealjolt,  Thos.  Shoem  aker.  Constables, 
David  Kobbiiis,  Lewis  Eastwood.  Supervisors  — Dis- 
trict 1,  M.  S.  Vanfleet;  2,  Paris  Pray  ;  3,  Oliver  Pray  ; 
4,  Joseph  Hartwell. 

1836.  Trustees,  Henry  Reed,  Sr.,  Lyman  Dudley, 
M.  S.  Vanfleet.  Clerk,  Abraham  P.  Reed.  Treasurer, 
John  Pittinger.  Overseers  of  Poor,  John  Vanfleet, 
Smith  Doggett.  Supervisors.  Abraliam  Pittinger,  A. 
B.  C'ro.sby,  O.  V.  Cro.sby,  Benj.  Atkinson.  Fence 
Viewers,  Gabriel  Yount,  Jared  Vanfleet,  Seueca  Ster- 
ling.    Constables,  Isaac  Cooper,  David  Robbins. 

October,  1836.  The  result  of  the  State  election 
was  as  follows : 

Governor —Joseph  Vance,  42;  Eli  Baldwin,  43. 
Congress  — Patrick  G.  Goode,  42;  Jtimes  Brown,  43. 
Representative  State  Legislature — John  Holli.ster.  44; 
Amos  Evans,  30.  County  Commissioner— Willard 
P.  Daniels  82.  Prosecuting  Attorue.v — Tappan 
Wright,  38;  E.  D.Potter,  31.  Assessor — John  Van- 
fleet,  44 ;  G.  B.  Abell.  37. 

At  the  Presidential  election,  November  4,  18.36, 
the  Whig  Electoral  ticket  received  r>l  votes,  and  the 
Democratic  ticket,  49  votes. 

1837.  The  vote  for  the  officers  named  at  the 
Township  election,  April  3d,  stood  as  follows:  For 
Clerk— Edward  L).  Sargent,  63  ;  G.  H.  Al.ell,  5. 
Treasurer— Paris  Pray,  (13;  K.  Farnsworth,  6.  Trus- 
tees-M.  S.  Vanfleet,  73;  Thomas  Shoemaker,  67; 
Whitcomb  Haskins,  60;  Lvinan  Dudlcv,  17;  Henrv 
Reed.  Sr.,  14.  '  " 

At  this  election  E.  D.  Sargent,  Welcome  Piay  and 
David  Smith  were  chosen  Township  School  Inspec- 
tors. 

1838.  The  vote  at  the  October  election  stood  as 


WATERVILLE  TOWNSHIP. 


913 


follows:  Governor — Joseph  Vance,  09;  Wilson  Shan- 
non, 58;  Congress — Patrick  G.  (ioodo,  <i4  ;  William 
Sawyer,  62.  Senator — John  HoUister,  74;  Curtis 
Bates,  53.  Representative — William  Taylor,  (i(i;  Par- 
lee  Carlin,  61.  Commi-ssioner  — Hiram  Bartlett,  4il; 
John  Vanfleet,  78.  Recorder — Junius  Klagg,  Ii2 ; 
Francis  L.  Nichols,  58;  Natlian  Rathbnn,  8.  Asses- 
sor—Cyrus Fisher,  6(3;  Ezra  E.  Dodd,  44. 

Following  is  a  list  of  persons  volinii;  in 
Waterville  Township,  in  1839: 

B.  Barker,  Moses  Thorp,  J.  W.  Waldren,  M.  S. 
Vanfieet,  John  Webb,  Richard  Shaw,  F.  Lyon,  John 
Pray,  Thomas  Shoemaker,  Newell  C.  Hall,  James 
Carroll,  E.  D.  Sergeant.  Elijah  Hanson,  Martin 
Winslow,  L.  L.  Morehouse,  John  L.  Smith,  Charles 
Kobbins.  John  Carpenter,  Ebenezer  Young,  John  ('. 
Puree.  Alfred  J.  Eldredge,  James  H.  Earl,  Uriah  Sul- 
livan, Parley  Abbott,  John  Pettinger,  Oliver  Pray, 
Denton  Mervin,  Lyman  Dudley,  H.  J.  Curtis.  Ed- 
mund R.  Dyer,  Elijah  Dodd,  David  Childs,  Paris 
Pray,  Rial  Stebbins,  James  B.  Leach,  Eli  Shelder,  J. 
E.  Hall,  John  Vantleet,  Jesse  Blaker,  John  O.  En.sign, 

E.  M.  Dyer,  Wm.  Dowrin,  Wm.  T.  Smith,  D.  C.  Mid- 
dleton,  David  Robbing,  Jr..  Wm.  RobV)ins,  Henry  L. 
Wood,  Alfred  Gunn  Henry  Ringleker,  John  Hou.se, 
David  McQuilling,  George  Or.son  Ballon.  David  How- 
ard, Alexaniler  Howard,  Ralph  Farnswortli,  David 
Hall,  Salmon  Cross,  Wm.  Caster,  Elisha  Whitcomb, 
Daniel  Saulspaugh,  Orson  Warriner.  George  Robbing, 
Simon  Bartley,  Jacob  Youut,  Ambrose  Pray,  E.  S. 
Fro.st,  John  Snyder,  G.  C.  Eastman,  Lewis  Eastwood, 
John  McCleaver,  John  Poulard,  Samuel  Miller,  Jos. 
Rakestraw,  Joseph  Anderson,  Daniel  Campbell — 
Total,  78. 

1840.  Township  officers  elected.  Trustees,  Thos. 
Shoemaker,  Whitcomb  Haskins,  Henry  Reed,  Sr. 
Clerk,  H.  J.  Curtis.  Treasurer,  Ralph  Farnsworth. 
Overseers  of  Poor,  .John  Houge,  Joseph  Hutchinson, 
Henry  Reed,  Sr.  Constables,  David  Robbins,  Parley 
Abbott.  Fence  Viewers,  Willard  Gunn,  Edmund  M. 
Dyer. 

The  vote  at  the  State  election,  1840,  was  as  follows: 
Governor— Thomas  Corwin,  118  ;  Wilson  Shannon.  37. 
Congress,  P.  G.  Goode,  68;  Wm.  Sawyer,  37.  Repre- 
sentatives State  Legislature,  George  B.  Way  and  John 

F.  Hinkel,  68;  Daniel  O.  Morton  and  Loren  Kenne- 
dy, 37.  Commissioners — Eli  Hubbard,  68  ;  Lucian 
B.  Lathrop,  37.  Assessor— John  W.  Harter,  68; 
Samuel  Durgin,-37.  It  is  noticable  that  no  voter 
"scratched"  his  ticket. 

The  vote  for  President  in  November,  1840,  .stood 
as  follows:  Harrison  (Whig)  electors,  70  ;  Van  Buren 
(Democratic)  electors,  43. 

1.S44.  Township  officers  elected  :  Trustees,  Joseph 
Hutchinson,  Welcome  Pray,  Orson  Ballon.  Clerk, 
Joseph  E.  Hall.  Assessor,  John  Pray.  Overseers  of 
Poor,  AVillard  Gunn,  Whitcomb  Haskins.  Constable, 
David  Robbins.  Treasurer,  L.  L.  Morehouse.  Su- 
pervisors— Joseph  Hutchinson,  District  1  ;  Whitcomb 
Haskins,  2 ;  Orrin  Gillette,  3 ;  Adam  Dills,  4. 

The  vote  at  the  State  election  stood  :  Governor  - 
Mordecai  Bartley,  51  ;  David  Tod,  40.  Congress- 
James  W.  Riley,  41  ;  Wm.  Sawyer,  41.  Representa- 
tive, Elijah  Huntington,  51  ;  "Danicd  F.  Cook,  38. 
Senator— C.  W.  O'Neal,  51  ;  Willard  V.  Way,  38. 
Commissioner — Lyman  Parcher,  51  ;  Leonard  Whit- 
more,  41.  Recorder — Junius  Flagg,  51  ;  Nathaniel 
Leggett,  41. 

The  vote  for  Presidential  electors,  in  November, 
1844,  stood:  Clav  (Whig),  49  votes;  Polk  (Demo- 
cratic), 39. 

1849.  Township  officers  elected :  Justices  of  the 
Peace,  David  Smith,  Edward  D.  Sargent.  Trustees, 
N.  C.  Hall,  John  Webb,  John  Vanfleet.  Assessor, 
A.  J.  Eldredge.    Treasurer,  Elijah  Dodd.     Clerk,   J. 


E.  Hall.  Constables,  Norman  Brainard,  Abraham 
Shepler.  Supervisors— Charles  Vanlleet.  District  No. 
1  ;  Thomas  Sliocmakcr,  No.  2;  Orrin  Gillette,  No.  I!; 
Orson  Ballon.  No.  4  ;  .-Vndri'W  Arbiirgast,  No.  5;  Wm. 
II.  Deinuth.,  No.  6;  .\.  Pray,  No.  7,  and  J.  !•'.  C.  Bur- 
nett, No.  8. 

1851.  Township  ollicers  elected:  Trustees,  Fred. 
Kincel,  l>avid  Smith,  Charles  Vanlleet.  A.s.se8sor, 
Whitc.iud)  lhiskin.s.  Clerk,  J.  E.  Hall.  Constables, 
Marmaduki'  Pray,  Daniel  Campliell,  .)r. 

1.S51.  At  the'Octiibrr  election  the  vote  for  (iover- 
nor  stood :  Samuel  K.  Vinton  (Whig),  71;  Reuben 
Wood  (Democrat),  107. 

1852.  The  vote  for  President,  in  November,  stood: 
."^cott  (Whig),  79;  Pierce  (Democrat).  106. 

1.S5:'..  Township  ollicers  electeil :  Trustees,  Fred. 
Fincel,  .Sereno  C.  Braimird,  Charles  Vandeet.  Treas- 
urer, Jolm  Webb.  Clerk,  J.  K.  Hall.  Constables, 
<.;has.  Campbell,  David  Rdbbins.  Assessor,  .\mos 
Herrick. 

The  first  bills  ai.':iinst  tlio  Tnwnshiii  wrw  n\ 
lowed  March  5,  1H82,  to  wit: 

1.  Jacob  Eberly.  $1.50;  2.  J.  E.  .^dams,  *2.25 ;  3. 
Ralph  Farnsworth,  |6.-50 ;  4.  Thomas  Shoemaker, 
$0.75  ;  5.  Jonas  <  leveland,  $2.25;  6.  G.  B.  .\bell,  75c.; 
7.  M.  S.  Vanfleet,  7.5o.;  8.  S.  I).  English,  75c.;  9.  G. 
W.  Evans.  i|1.50. 

The  next  record  of  bills  allowed  is  that  of 
March  4,  ISHM,  when  S;").09  was  voted  to  Jere- 
miah Johnson,  and  75  cents  each  to  Jfalph 
Farnsworth,  Thomas  Shoemaker,  J.  C.  Adams, 
John  Vanfleet,  M.  S.  Vanfleet,  Jonas  Cleveland 
and  Whitcomb  Haskins— all  but  the  first  of 
these  claims,  evidently,  were  for  services  as 
election  officers. 

To  March  7,  1836,  the  expenditures  for  the 
Poor  of  the  Township  amounted  to  SIS. 20. 

About  1836  the  Trustees  held  their  nrceting 
at  the  tavern  known  as  the  Western  Kxchange. 
It  having  come  to  the  knowledge  of  the 
Trustees  that  there  had  "  lately  come  into  the 
Township  certain  persons  on  the  Canal  line, 
who  were  not  legal  residents  thei'cof,"  and  th;it 
one  or  more  of  them  "were  likely  to  become  a 
Township  charge."  they  issued  their  warrant 
to  Lewis  Eastwood,  Constable,  January  10, 
1838,  warning  such  persons  "  forthwith  to  leave 
said  Township."  The  return  made  by  the 
Constable  January  22.  showi'd  that  he  had 
Tiieantime  served  such  warrant  bj-  reading  the 
same  to  541  different  persons  ;  and  by  copy  to  5 
persons,  making  a  total  of  546.  They  seem  to 
have  been  employed  by  the  contractors  on 
sections  28  to  40,  inclusive,  of  the  Wabash  and 
Erie  Canal,  and  all  within  Waterville  Town- 
ship. The  Constable's  fees  for  service  of  the 
wan-ant,  amounted  to  S.53.37^.  The  Tru.stees 
were  John  Praj'  and  Willard  (!unn. 

May  6,  1830,  Jonathan  llungcrlord  paid  a 
fine  of  82.00,  for  refusing  to  qualify  as  Over- 
seer of  the  Poor. 

In  March,  1840,  Dr.  Welcome  Pray  was 
allowed  $2.00  f'oi-  medical  attendance  on  two 
paupers  during  the  years  1834  and  '35. 

The  following  statement  of  Township  funds 
was    made   in    1842;      Receipts— Koad   fund, 


914 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


$56.31;  Township,  $142.86;  School  District 
No.  1,  S1H(I.]2;  No.  2,  $21.50;  No.  3,  $9.67. 
Total,  $360.49.     Balance  in  treasury,  $95.11. 

A  .settlement  with  the  Townshijj  Trea.surer, 
in  1843,  showed  the  treasury  to  contain — 
Cash,  1?3fi.27  ;  onecitizen'snote,$8.25;  one  lot  of 
Boots  and  Shoes,  $10.00 ;  and  one  County  order, 
$1.00;  total,  $55.52.  The  Treasurer  (L.  L. 
Morehouse)  was  allowed  $9.60  for  services. 
Samuel  R.  Reed,  now  of  Cincinnati,  was  then 
Clerk  of  Waterville  Township,  and  was  soon 
succeeded  by  J.  E.  Hall,  j'et  ol  Waterville. 

In  1848,  J.  B,  Hall  was  allowed  $6.00  in  full 
for  one  year's  services  as  Clerk  and  stationery. 

At  the  same  time  A.  P.  Reed  was  allowed 
$1.84  for  services  as  Clerk  at  an  election,  and 
for  a  shroud  furnished  by  him  for  the  body  of 
a  boy  drowned  in  the  Canal. 

On  settlement,  March  9,  1849,  with  James  B. 
SteedmaTi,  Supervisor  of  Road  District  No.  4, 
the  Trustees  found  in  his  hands  two  notes  ol 
residents  for  delinquent  road  work  ($3.00),  and 
"cash  paid  in,"  $0.25;  total,  $3.25,  which  was 
delivered  to  Elijah  Dodd,  Treasurer. 

The  annual  meeting  of  Townshi])  Trustees 
for  1852,  was  held  at  the  Columbian  House. 

In  March,  1854,  J.  E.  Hall,  Township  Clerk, 
was  allowed  $13.62  for  the  preceding  year, 
viz.:  For  services  as  Clerk,  $7.00;  stationer}^, 
$1.62;  for  enumeration  of  youth  for  School  pur- 
poses, $3.00;  for  "clerking  for  Board  of  Educa- 
tion," $2.00. 

TAX    PAVERS    IN    1838. 

Following  is  the  listof  i-esidents  of  Waterville 
Township  taxed  on  personal  property  in  1838: 

HORSES   AND   CATTLE. 


Gunn,  Willard.  Van  Fleet,  Jared. 

Gillett,  Ebenezer.  Winslow,  Martin. 

Gillett,  Orin.  Woodruff,  Cyrus. 

Hutchinson,  Joseph.  Waterville  Company. 

Yunt,  Gabriel. 

ON    OTHER   PROPERTY. 


Adams,  Jane. 
Acker,  John. 
Almon,  William. 
Almou,  Carl. 
Agers,  George. 

Andenson,    

Abell,  Galen  B. 
Hartley,  Simon. 
Blaker,  Jesse. 
Brady,  David  C. 
Burnhara,  Joel. 
Ballou,  Orson. 
Curtis,  Lyman  D. 
Crosby,  Oris  C. 
Crosby,  A.  B. 
Crosby,  John. 
Crosbey,  Renn.ssallaer. 
Cooper,  Henry  A. 
Cripliver,  John. 
Cripliver,  Daniel. 
Cable,  Samuel. 
Culver,  Sylvester. 
Cross,  Salmon. 
Dudley,  Lyman. 
Ditts.  Adam. 
Dodd  &  Morehouse. 
Daggett,  Smith. 
Ka.stman,  Guy  C. 
Ensign,  JohnO. 
Karl,   James. 
Flora,  Jonas. 


Haskins,  Whitcomb. 
Hall,  David. 
Howard,  Alexander. 
Holocker,  John. 
Hartwell,  Joseph. 
Johnson,   Mary. 
Loop,  Amos. 
Moulton,  Abraham. 
McQuillen,  David. 
North,  Isaac. 
Pettinger,  Abraham. 
Pettinger,  John. 
Pra)',    Ambrose. 
Pray,  John  L. 
Pray,  Archibald. 
Perry,  Levi. 
Putnam,  Willard. 
Reed,  Henry. 
Rakestraw,  Joseph. 
Robbins,  David. 
Robbins,   David,  Jr. 
Thorp,  Moses. 

Saulpaugh,  . 

Sargeant,  E.  D. 
Short.  Thomas. 
Shoemaker,  Tliomas. 
Sliepler,  Abraham. 
Tranger,  George. 
Turk,  A.  D. 
Van  Fleet,  Mathias. 
Van  Fleet,  John. 


Curtis,  Herman  J.* 
Carey,  H.  S.  &  Co.+ 
Cripliver,  Philip.  *f 
Earl  &  Brothers.! 
Hall,  J.  E.  &  N.  C.f 


Hungerford,  Jonathan. f 
McBride,  Camp  &  Co.f 
Pray,  Welcome  Dr.* ft 
Pray,  John.*f 
Sackett,  Leander.*t 


*  Pleasure  Carriages,  t  Merchant's  Capital,  t  Phy 
sician. 

MILITA    ROLL. 

Following  is  a  list,  with  the  ages,  of  persons 
in  Waterville  liable  to  military  duty,  in  1844  : 

Adam  Dills, 
Orsou  Ballou, 
Abner  W.  Moulton, 
Trii.xton  Nearing, 
Chas.  Freaut, 
Horace  Honey, 
John  G.  Isham, 
John  H.  Young, 
Jacob  I'^ancher, 
Orrin  Gillette, 
Eseck  Dyer, 
Stephen  Dyer, 
Milo  Gillette, 
Joel  Burnham, 
Archiliald  Pray, 
James  J\L  Calile, 
John  Pitlinger, 
Daniel  Campbell, 
Samuel  R.  Reed, 
Abram  P.  Reed, 
Wesley  Reed, 
Frederick  Reed, 
Joseph  Hutchinson, 
Paris  H.  Prav, 
William  K.  Pray, 
Nathan  W.  Pray, 
Welcome  Pray, 
Wm.  Carter, 
Lewis  Eastwood, 
Rhoranah  Bancroft, 
Fred  T.  Evans, 
Amos  R.  Appleton, 

This  list  was  intended  to  include  all  male 
residents,  able-bodied  and  between  the  ages  of 
21  and  45. 

CHURCHES. 

Methodist  Episcopal. — The  Methodist  So- 
ciety at  Waterville  is  believed  to  have  been 
organized  the  same  year  as  that  at  Maumee 
(1834),  the  first  preacher  having  been  Rev. 
Elam  Da}',  and  the  first  members  Jane  Adams, 
Tliomas  Gleason  and  wife,  Harriet  Farnswortli, 
Hannah  Cross,  John  Hoag,  Elisha  Hanson  and 
Sarah  Bailey.  John  Hoag  and  Elisha  Hanson 
were  leaders  of  the  band.  Mrs.  Lucina  Has 
kins  was  with  the  Class  in  1835.  In  1840  John 
Pray  and  wife  and  Whitcomb  Haskins  united 
with  this  Church.  Rev.  John  A.  Banghman, 
whose  first  wife  was  Mary,  daughter  of  Mr. 
Pray,  was  prominent  in  the  \^ork  in  those  dajs 


Affe. 

Name. 

Ar/e. 

;!7 

John  H.  Haines, 

43 

34 

Thos.  W.  Granger, 

31 

28 

Edward  P.  Sargent, 

33 

34 

Henry  A.  Cooper, 

41 

35 

Oris  V.  Crosby, 

32 

31 

Sereno  C.  Brainard, 

2'* 

27 

John  Van  Blarcum, 

."iH 

33 

Patrick  Harrington, 

:i8 

— 

Fred  Fiucil, 

35 

27 

John  F.  C.  Burnet, 

38 

— 

Nathan  White, 

27 

— 

Whitcomb  Haskins, 

3i) 

24 

Alfred  Gunn, 

27 

41 

Samuel  Davis 

32 

41 

Chas.  VanHeet, 

22 

42 

Wm.  N.  Smith, 

23 

3() 

Orlando  Hall, 

23 

4:; 

tUiy  Eii.stuian, 

39 

24 

Cornelius  Vanfieet, 

27 

28 

James  Craven, 

33 

34 

James  Carrel  1, 

44 

22 

Anderson  Allen, 

38 

;'!4 

John  0.  Pearce, 

25 

25 

Bossell  Harrison, 

22 

Joseph  E.  Hall, 

28 

28 

Elisha  Whitmore, 

43 

35 

David  Robbins, 

38 

.35 

Robert  Morrison, 

38 

35 

Amos  Cooper, 

33 

43 

AVm.  H.  Cobleigh, 

27 

21 

Rial  Stebbins, 

3(i 

23 

Total,  (i3. 

WATERVILLE  TOWNSHIP. 


915 


of  beginning.  Joseph  E.  Hall  settled  at  Water- 
villo  in  1830,  and  unitcMl  witli  tLo  Cliurcli  in 
184 k  Tiie  house  of  worsliip  at  Watervillc  was 
commenced  in  1841,  Kev.  lyiljcrtv  I'l'entiss, 
Pastor,  and  completed  in  1S4I,  under  l!ev.  Ho- 
ratio S.  Bi'adle^'.  Kldcr  Thomas  Harkdull  was 
first  to  preach  in  the  tiinshed  buildinif.  The 
first  resident  Minister  of  Waterville  is  believed 
to  have  been  ilev.  Libert}'  Prentiss  ;  the  next 
Rev.  John  A.  Shannon,  followed  by  Rev.  Henry 
Warner.  Previous  to  the  organization  of  this 
Church,  Revs.  Henry  E.  Pilcher  and  EInatiian 
C.  Gavitt,  then  of  the  Michigan  Conference, 
preached  there.  From  that  time  to  1875,  the 
a])]iointments  are  believed  to  have  been  as 
follows  : 

1S34,  E.  fl.  Pilcher,  E.  C.  Gavitt  ;  IS:!."),  William 
Sprague  ;  ISoO,  Cyrus  Brooks ;  1837,  Orrin  Mitchell, 
David  Burns  ;  18.38,  James  A.  Kellam  ;  183!),  Oliver 
Burgess ;  1840-41,  Jona.  E.  Chaplin ;  1842,  Eben  K. 
Hill;  1843-4,  H.  S.  Bradley;  184."),  Wesley  J.  Wells; 
184G,  George  W.  Howe ;  1847,  Edward  R.  Jewett ; 
1848-9,  Wm.  S.  Lunt;  18.)0,  Thomas  J.  Bopc  ;  1851-L', 
(Tri  Richards;  18.-i3,  Thomas  J.  Pope;  18,J4,  Raljih 
Wilcox;  18.5.3-0,  Edmund  R.  Morrisou  ;  l.S."i7-8,  W.  S. 
Lunt;  18.59,  Ambrose  Hollington  ;  18(i()-i)l,  Weslev  J. 
Welles;  l.S(i2,  Lewis  J.  Dales;  1.SG3-4,  JacobP.  Burk- 
holder;  l,Sli5-(') ;  Benj.  Hubert;  1867,  Samuel  Lynch; 
1868-9,  Russell  B.  Pope;  1870-71,  Parker  P.  Pope; 
1872-4,  Thomas  N.  BarkduU. 

Presiding  Eiders  have  .served  as  follow.s-: 

1834-5,  James  Gilruth  ;  1836-7,  Leonard  B.  Gurley; 
183S-9,  John  Janes ;  1840-42,  Wesley  Brock;  1843-4, 
JohuT.  Kellam;  184.5-7,  Thomas  Barkdull ;  184.8-9, 
George  W.  Breckeuridge  ;  1.S.50-.53,  Wm.  C.  Pierce  ; 
1854-7,  David  Gray;  1858-61,  Joseph  Ayres ;  18ii2,  E. 
C.  Gavitt;  1.S63-6,"  Samuel  Lvnch  ;  1867-70,  Thomas 
H.  AVilson;  L871,  Leroy  A.  Belt. 

Presbyterian. — In  1837,  under  the  direc- 
tion of  Rev.  Benjamin  Woodbury,  the  Presby- 
terian Church  at  Waterville  was  organized, 
with  10  members — Mrs.  Elizabeth  Hall,  and 
daughters  Sarah  and  Amanda,  Henry  Reed, 
Sen.,  and  wife  Elizabeth  and  daughters 
Wealthy,  Fanny  and  Temperance,  and  Hannah 
Pray  and  Mrs.  Dodd.  The  only  one  of  these 
now  (18.S8)  living,  is  Miss  Sarah  Hall. 

The  present  house  of  worship  was  built  in 
1856,  corner  of  North  and  Main  Streets,  in  the 
Village  of  Waterville.  It  is  a  wooden  struc- 
ture, 36x50  feet  in  size,  and  cost  $1,500.  It  was 
dedicated  in  1856,  by  Rev.  P.  C.  Baldwin. 

A  Sunda}-  School,  on  the  Union  plan,  was 
started  in  Waterville  as  early  as  1833,  with 
Henry  Reed,  Sen.,  as  Superintendent. 

The  Church  has  been  in  charge  of  the  follow- 
ing named  Ministers — Revs.  Benjamin  Wood- 
bury, 1837-42;  and  since  1842,  havebcen  Revs. 
Watson,  Atwood,  Morehouse,  P.  C.  Baldwin, 
Charles  Richards,  G.  A.  Adams,  C.  C.  Hadley, 
and  Charles  Manchester. 

German  Lutheran. — The  first  congregation 
was  started  on  what  is  known  as  the  "  Dutch 
Road,"  in  the  Northern  part  of  the  Township, 
in  September,  1866,  by  the  Rev.  C.  F.  Kalding, 


of  Perrysburg,  the  services  being  hold  in  the  old 
School-house  on  the  Hutchinson  farm,nearthe 
Canal  Bridge.  Previous  to  that  time,  the 
nearest  Church  was  at  Maunicc,  in  charge  of 
Rev.  Carl  Marlcsch.dicl.  The  Hrst  Churcli  .mU- 
fice,  a  frame  building  costing  about  81,000,  was 
erected  about  a  mile  West  of  the  School  house, 
and  services  held  every  other  Sunday,  by  Rev. 
C.  F.  Kalding. 

In  1876,  Rev.  Tlieo.  ..Meier,  uf  Custer,  took 
charge,  and  organized  a  congregation  in  the 
Village,  giving  alternate  Sundays  to  each.  The 
services  in  the  Village  were  held  in  the  Pres- 
byterian Cliurch  until  a  house  was  built  in 
18S6,  the  building  being  dedicated  September 
llHh,  costing  81, f)00,  to  which  a  parsomige  is 
now  being  added.  There  is  a  Suiulay  School 
in  connection,  with  lit)  scholars. 

There  are  about  200  families  in  the  two 
Churches. 

At  Whitehouse  there  is  a  irission  service 
held  alternate  Sunday  afternoons,  by  Rev.  Mr. 
Meier,  in  the  Union  Church,  liut  asyetnocon- 
grei^ati<jn. 

The  German  Reformed  Church  have  a  con- 
gregation here,  but  no  Church  organization 
as  yet. 

SCHOOLS. 

The  fii'St  School  in  the  Township  of  which 
we  can  find  record,  was  ke|)t  in  the  "Old  Red 
Ox-Mill,^'  fi-om  1825  to  182,S,  by  Deacon  Hiram 
P.  Barlow.  Among  the  earlj'  teachers  are 
Barlow,  Millikcn,  Gunn,  Hotchkiss,  Austin  and 
Eastwood,  of  whom  Mr.  Eastwood  is  the  only 
one  known  now  to  be  living.  In  the  jear  1832 
Miss  Olive  Gunn  taught  School  in  a  rude  struc- 
ture, part  log  and  part  frame.  The  Schools  at 
that  time  were  supported  largely  by  tuition 
paid  Ijy  pupils,  public  provision  for  which  pur- 
])Ose  being  inadequate. 

The  first  School-house  in  the  Village  was 
built  in  1834,  on  the  spot  now  u.sed  as  a  dwel- 
ling by  Peter  Ulri(  h,  on  lot  3(i,  corner  of  Main 
and  South  Streets,  and  was  kept  b}'  L.  R,  A  us 
tin.  The  second  Schoo.l  house  was  built  in 
1852,  on  lots  ()5  and  66,  corner  South  and  Sec- 
ond Streets.  In  the  Fall  of  1885  the  present 
building  was  provide<l  for.  It  is  located  on  the 
Public  Square,  and  is  well  ada|)tedto  its  object, 
having  most  of  the  later  improvements  in  such 
structures.  It  was  completed  in  188(i,at  a  cost 
ofSl(),000.  The  first  Teacher  in  it  was  Miss 
Kate  Brown,  with  about  160  pu])ils  on  the  roll. 

In  the  history  of  the  Waterville  Schools,  no 
name  is  more  prominent  than  is  that  of  Elijah 
W.  Lenderson,  now  of  Toledo,  who  for  ten 
years  was  an  efficient  Teacher  therein. 

The  first  record  found  of  Township  School 
funds,  is  that  of  1837,  when  the  entire  amount 
collected  for  Lucas  (Jounly  was  .?1,457.13,  of 
which  amount  §1,106. til  was  derived  from  tax- 
ation, and  S350.52  from  interest  on  Surplus 
Revenue.     Fromsuch  source  Waterville  Town- 


916 


BISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


sbip  tliiit  year  derived  School  money  to  the 
amount  of  ^111.14.  In  contrast  with  this,  may 
be  given  the  figures  for  188G,  when  Waterville 
Towusliip  received  for  School  purposes,  public 
money  to  the  amount  of  111,005.48,  of  wliich 
$0,819.08  wa.s  expended  in  support  of  Schools. 
During  that  year  a  School-house  was  erected  in 
Waterville  Village,  at  a  cost  of  18,500,  being 
valued  with  grounds  and  furniture  at  $10,000. 
The  average  attendance  at  that  School  was  104, 
with  an  average  enrollment  of  114  pupils.  The 
cost  per  scholar  per  annum,  in  1880,  was  $9.52. 

TEMPERANCE. 

As  elsewhere  shown,  one  of  the  first  move- 
ments in  Lucas  County  in  behalf  of  Temper- 
ance, took  place  at  Waterville,  as  early  as  1837, 
with  which  prominent  citizens  of  that  locality 
took  active  part.  The  importance  of  such 
action,  no  doubt,  was  in  a  great  degree  eufbrc 
ed  by  the  serious  effects  of  the  use  of  liquors 
among  the  Indians  and  the  laborers  on  the 
Canal.  It  was  fortunate  for  Waterville,  that 
leading  business  men  there  were  earnestly 
identified  with  the  work  of  reform.  From  time 
to  time,  various  organizations  in  that  behalf 
existed,  and  as  at  most  other  points,  were  tem- 
porary in  activit}-. 

In  1867,  a  Lodge  of  Good  Templars  was  or- 
ganized by  P.  C.  Holt. 

Waterville  Division,  No.  136,  Sons  of  Tem- 
perance, was  instituted  March  22,  1871,  with 
officers  as  follows:  John  Batt,  Worthy  Patri- 
arch ;  Mary  B.  Singer,  Worthy  Associate; 
C.  \X.  Shoemaker,  Recording  Scribe ;  Susie 
Heater,  Assistant  Recording  Scribe ;  J.  L. 
Pray,  Financial  Scribe  ;  Kate  Pray,  Treasurer; 
J.  E.  Hall,  Chaplain;  M.  V.  Shoemaker,  Con- 
ductor ;  Addie  Hall,  Assistant  Conductor ; 
Alice  Pray,  Inside  Sentinel  ;  Gilbert  Stevens, 
Outside  Sentinel  ;  Thomas  Pray,  Past  Worthy 
Patriarch;  Charles  Shoemaker,  Deputy 
Grand  Worthy  Patriarch.  The  Division  had 
69  charter  members,  and  was  in  active  opera- 
tion for  about  three  years. 

White  Lodge,  No.  52,  Independent  Order  of 
Good  Templars,  was  organized  at  Waterville 
July  8,  1884,  with  officers  as  follows;  L.  H. 
Lindsly,  Chief  Templar;  Fanny  J.  Dodd,  Vice 
Templar;  Mrs.  Lucina  Haskins,  Chaplain; 
W.  S.  Haskins,  Secretary;  Maftie  McQuiHeu, 
Assistant  Secretary;  Maria  Knaggs,  Financial 
Scribe;  W.  G.  Farnsworth,  Treasurer; 
Torry  Isham,  Marshal  ;  Fred.  Cobb,  Deputj' 
Marshal;  Emma  Knaggs,  Inside  Guard;  John 
Hutchinson,  Outside  Guard ;  Ida  Farnsworth, 
RightHand  Supj^orter ;  Marj^  Haskins,  Left- 
Hand  Supporter;  Clara  Bayer,  Past  Chief 
Templar ;  W.  G.  Farnsworth,  Deputy  Grand 
Chief  Templar.  The  Lodge  had  30  charter 
members,  which  number  has  been  increased  to 
about  75. 

In  1875   what  was  known   as   a   "  Murphy 


Movement"  in  promotion  of  Temperance,  was 
attended  with  success  in  Waterville. 

THE  MASONIC  ORDER. 

Wakeman  Lodge,  No.  522,  F.  and  A.  M.,  was 
instituted  November  1,  1879,  by  request  of 
Warren  B.  Gunn,  Oscar  W.  Ballou,  Peter 
Ulrich,  J.  L.  Pray,  W.  B.  Pinkerton,  James 
Marston,  G.  T.  L'ateham,  Elijah  Dodd,  W.  S. 
Saxton,  L.  W.  Pray,  Samuel  Down,  C.  H.  Noble, 
S.  S.  Smith  and'  Clarence  Dodd.  The  first 
officers  were  as  follows  :  W.  B.  Gunn,  Master  ; 
O.  W.  Ballou,  Senior  Warden;  John  L.  Pray, 
Junior  Warden  ;  Samuel  Downs,  Senior  Dea- 
con ;  Elijah  Dodd,  Junior  Deacon;  T.  B.  Pink- 
erton, Secretary;  James  Marston,  Treasurer; 
George  S.  Latchara,  Tyler;  Lewis  W.  Pray, 
and  Clarence  Dodd,  Stewards.  Officers  for  1888 
are  as  follows ;  A.  L.  Vanfleet,  Master ;  O. 
Lyon,  Senior  Warden;  J.  L.  Pray,  Junior 
Warden.  The  Lodge  occupies  the  upper  story 
of  a  fine  brick  block  erected  in  1880.  Its  pres- 
ant  membership  is  about  45. 

THE    VILLAGE    OF    WATERVILLE. 

The  Village  of  Waterville  was  platted  in 
February,  1830,  and  now  stands  as  the  second 
existing  plat  in  Lucas  County,  that  of  Maumee 
City  only  antedating  it,  having  been  recorded 
in  1818.  The  original  Port  Lawrence  platted  in 
1817,  was  the  first  in  the  County,  but  was  sub- 
sequently abandoned  and  vacated.  Waterville 
was  platted  l\y  John  Pray,  and  is  located  on  the 
West  bank  of  the  Maumee  River,  opposite 
what  then  was  known  as  "  Pray's  Falls,"  a 
rapid  in  that  stream.  It  comprised  50  lots, 
most  of  which  contained  a  quarter  of  an  acre 
each.  It  had  4  Streets — Water,  running  along 
the  River;  .and  South,  Wood  and  Mechanics, 
running  from  the  River. 

In  August,  1836,  Daniel  M.  AVilson,  Daniel 
B.  Bruen,  James  Kinney  and  Gabriel  O.  Kin- 
ney, made  an  addition  to  the  Town  plat  of 
Waterville. 

In  April,  1837,  John  Pray  recorded  an  ad- 
dition to  the  plat  of  Waterville.  It  contained 
214  lots,  in  addition  to  the  50  lots  in  the  plat 
of  February,  1830. 

The  Town  officers  of  Waterville  for  1888,  are 
as  follows : 

Mayor — George  J.  Cooper. 

Councilmen — Oscar  W.  Ballou,  Fred.  C.  Dodd, 
John  Esworthy,  Fred.  Hueter,  Thomas  .Sheon,  Geo. 
M.  Utz. 

Clerk— T  B.  Pinkerton. 

Marshal — .J.  W.  Cripliver. 

Board  of  Pilucation — O.  W.  Ballou  (President), 
Elijah  Dodd,  Samuel  Downs  (Clerk),  C.  W.  Shoe- 
maker, H.  F.  Vanfleet,  Josephus  Russell,  John  W. 
Eupp  (Treasurer). 

Justice  of  thePeace   at  Waterville — M.  T^ter. 

NATURAL  GAS  AND  OIL. 

The  first  effort  to  produce  Oil  in  this  Town- 
ship, was  in  the  fall  of  1865.     At  that  time  Mr. 


WATERVTLLE  TOWNSHIP. 


917 


Hall,  from  Portlaiid,  Maine,  sunk  a  well  aliout 
t!0  rods  North  of  (he  present  Ballon  Gas  Well 
No.  1.  Failing  to  find  oil  in  sufficient  (|uan- 
tily  to  pay,  he  abaiidonod  the  well,  after  hor- 
int(  to  :i  dejilli  of  about  7t)ll  feet,  usinff  the 
sliale  gas  eoniing  from  the  liolo  as  fuel  for  the 
last  300  feet,  that  being  the  pioneer  effort  then 
to  utilize  Natural  Gas  as  fuel.  The  same  season 
Eobert  Dunlap  and  others  from  Detroit,  drilled 
for  oil  on  the  Dodd  farm,  on  the  West  bank  ot 
the  Canal,  for  about  1,100  feet,  at  which  depth 
the  well  was  abandoned.  Several  other  futile 
attempts  were  made. 

During  the  Winter  of  188(5-7  Oscar  W,  Hal- 
loa conceived  the  idea  that  it  was  gas,  and  not 
oil,  that  was  the  natural  product  of  the  Earth 
in  Waterville.  On  investigating  the  Findlay 
and  other  gas  fields,  he  became  so  thoroughly 
convinced  of  the  correctness  of  his  opinion, 
that  he  opened  negotiations  with  the  Toledo 
and  Cincinnati  .syndicates  to  operate  in  that 
territory. 

The  first  gas  well  in  the  Township  is  known 
as  "  Ballou  No  I,"  and  is  locateil  about  1,000 
feet  South  of  the  first  oil  well,  on  the  West 
bank  of  Maumee,  about  half  a  mile  Northeast 
of  the  Village  of  Waterville,  near  the  center  of 
River  Tract  35.  This  well  was  commenced 
May  24,  1887.  The  total  depth  was  1,104,  in- 
cluding 37  feet  in  Trenton  rock.  With  the 
demonstration  usual  on  such  occasions  the  well 
was  shot  June  18,  1887,  establishing  the  fact 
that  Waterville  was  in  direct  commuincation 
with  the  great  gas-belt  of  Northwestern  Oiiio. 
Since  that  time  nine  wells  have  been  drilled 
for  gas  in  the  Township,  all  but  one  having 
proved  successful.  About  half  a  mile  West  of 
the  Village  Ave  wells  have  been  drilled  for  oil, 
most  of  which  have  given  fair  returns  for  the 
investment.  A  seemingly  fair  estimate  places 
the  average  cost  of  sinking  each  well  at  from 
81,200  to  »1.500. 

THE    VILLAGE    OF    WHITEHOUSE. 

The  Village  of  Whitehouse  was  laid  out  in 
the  18(54,  the  plat  having  been  recorded  July 
5th.  It  is  located  on  the  North  fractional  half 
of  Northwest  fractional  quarter  of  Section  2, 
Town  G  North,  Range  '.)  East.  The  land  was 
grst  entered  by  Harvj-  Kembar,  October  6, 
1842,  and  by  him  conveyed  to  James  Craven, 
July  20,  1850,  who  sold  it  to  John  R.  Osbora 
Sept.  9,  1.S55.  The  same  month  it  was  conveyeil 
to  Edward  Whitehouse  of  New  York,  then  a 
Director  in  the  Waliash  Railroad  Compan}-, 
whose  name  the  Village  bears. 

The  first  Blacksmith  Shop  in  Whitehouse, 
was  that  of  Michael  (ioodman,  established  in 
1858.  In  the  same  year,  A.  J.  Eldridge  opened 
there  a  general  .Store,  and  Alexander  Walp  was 
appointed  Postmaster.  In  1874,  the  Stoker 
House  (now  Union  Hotel)  was  built  by  John 
Stoker.  Myers  &  Stone  erected  a  Feed  Mill  in 
1881. 


The  present.School-IIouse  was  built  in  1877, 
at  a  cost  of  §8,000.  It  is  of  brick  and  stone, 
and  was  built  to  replace  a  frame  house  destroyed 
by  fire. 

'The  Methodist  Prutestant  Church  at  While- 
house  was  organized  in  184(i,  the  members  then 
being  Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  Almond,  Rev.  .lolin 
Foster,  Mrs.  Eldridge;,  Mrs.  Franklin,  iMrs. 
(iilson,  Mrs.  Huffman,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  O.  II. 
Noble.  The  first  (ijuarterly  Conference  was 
held  at  Stony  Ridge,  near  VV^hiteiiouse,  No- 
vember 24,  1849,  of  which  John  B.  Peat  was 
Chairman,  and  P.  B.  Scott  Seci-etary.  Among 
the  early  members  wei'e  Luke  and  Wm.  Tip- 
ton, John  Jones,  Elisha  Trowbridge,  Nelson 
Coulson,  John  Officer,  Alonzo  Crosby,  Matthew 
Cowling,  Thos.  Beney,  P.  B.  Scott,  David 
Lucas  and  Daniel  Hubbell.  The  first  Preach- 
ers and  Ministers  in  charge  were  John  B.  Peat, 
Wm.  Tipton,  John  Jones,  Klisha  Trowbridge, 
R.  H.  Davis,  J.  N.  Kidd,  S.  B.  Abbott.  M.S. 
Reynolds,  S.  Klliott,  B.  F.  Tucker,  C.  F.  Brad- 
ley, Ilufus  A.  Washburn,  G.  Scott.  In  1872  the 
Society  erected  a  house  of  worship,  at  a  cost  of 
$1,800. 

Whitehouse,  from  the  first,  has  been  a  Station 
on  the  Wabash  Railroad,  and  a  point  of  local 
interest,  in  furnishing  limited  market  for  the 
neighborhood.  The  following  business  estab- 
lishments are  now  (1888)  in  operation  there: 

General  Stores -L.  Black  &  Co..  Albert  Canlield, 
Geo.  Oswald  &  Co.  Hardware— Michnel  (.Joodinaii. 
Drugs  and  Jledicines— Dr.  F.  M.  Ileatliuiul  fir.  M.  I'. 
Leach.  Furniture  — Ilonrv  8chini(h.  lilacksniitli — 
W.  J.  DeiMuth  and  Jones  Brothers.  .Millincrv— Mrs. 
L.  Stebbins. 

The  corporation  officers  of  Whitehouse  for 
1888  are  as  follows  : 

Mayor — M.  F.  Leach. 

Marshal — Eufiene  15arker. 

Couucilmen— J.  C.  Myers  (President),  .lolin  Strold, 
Wm.  Jones,  John  liolHcker,  1'".  A.  Butlier. 

Treasurer — John  Weckerly. 

Clerk — George  Weckerly. 

Board  of  Education— Solomon  Wolf  (President), 
L.  W.  Black,  J.  C.  Spioer,  F.  H.  Butler.  John  Ityan 
(Treasurer),  George  Weckerly  (Secretary). 

Justice  of  the  Peace  at  Whitehouse— Fred  Butler. 

Stone  Quarries.— From  very  early  date, 
Waterville  Township,  with  other  localities  of 
this  region,  has  been  prominentin  the  quantity 
and  quality  of  its  quarrj'-stone.  Attention 
was  first  definitely  drawn  to  these  deposits 
during  the  construction  of  the  Miami  and  Erie 
Canal,  in  which  work  large  ([uantities  of  stone 
became  necessary.  The  first  quarry  opened 
was  on  the  Dodd  farm  in  1838,  since  which 
lime  operations  there  have  been  continued,  the 
demand  of  late  ^-ears  being  chiefly  for  lime, 
for  road-bed  and  for  ballasting. 

The  next  opening  is  known  as  the  Stony 
Ridge  (Quarry,  located  two  miles  West  of 
Waterville.  The  bed  is  underlaid  with  a  thick 
strata  of  glass  sand,  for  which  a  rapidly-  in- 


918 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LVCAS  COUNTY. 


creasing  demand  exists,  with  Glass  Works  now 
being  t^stablisbed  at  Toledo,  Maumee  and  other 
more  distant  points. 

The  most  important  oiiorations  in  stone 
traffic,  are  those  of  tlie  VVliiteliouse  Quarries. 
What  is  Icnown  as  the  Pray  &  Hall  (^uari-y, 
was  opened  by  John  Williams  and  A.  Walp,  in 
1860,  on  tlie  land  of  J.  E.  Hall.  In  1870,  N.  0. 
Hall  and  A.  Walp  assumed  management  of 
this  Quarry,  which  continued  until  187(i.  J.  L. 
Pray  and  J.  E.  Hall  (Pray  A:  Hall),  merchants 
at  Wliitehouse,  then  assumed  charge  of  the 
operations.  At  this  time  (1888)  the  business  is 
wholly  in  the  bands  of  Mr.  Pray,  whose  facili- 
ties are  2)racticall3'  unlimited.  The  (Quarry  is 
about  one  mile  by  60  rods  in  extent,  with  all 
conveniences,  including  steam  power  and  a 
mile  of  rail-track  in  connection  with  the  Wa- 
bash Eailway.  ThatEoad,  as  far  West  as  the 
Mississippi,  has  been  largely  ballasted  with 
stone  from  this  and  other  Whitehouse  Quarries, 
while  other  Western  Eoads  have  used  the  same 
for  like  purpose. 

The  Osborn  Quarry  was  opened  in  1865,  but 
not  actively  worked  until  1875,  when  .John 
Ej'an  commenced  operalionsthei-e  forEailroad 
ballast  and  macadamizing.  This  Quarry  is 
now  (1888)  owned  and  managed  b\-  O.  W. 
Eyau,  with  large  facilities  for  shipment. 

The  Brogan  (^uarrj-  was  opened  in  1868,  bj' 
the  present  owner,  Stephen  Brogan. 

These  Quarries  lie  East  of  Wliitehouse,  and 
seem  to  be  practically  inexhaustible  in  supply. 
They  now  give  emploj'ment  for  40  men,  being 
the  main  indu8tr3-  of  that  locality.  Thej- have 
supplied  large  c|uantities  of  foundation-stone 
for  the  principal  buildings  erected  in  Toledo, 
as  they  also  did  for  the  new  Insane  Asylum, 
near  Toledo. 

JAMES  M.  BRIGHAM  was  born  at  Oxford, 
Chenango  County,  New  Y'ork,  in  1816,  and 
died  in  Toledo,  May  3,  1869.  He  was  a  son  of 
David  Brigham,  and  of  Scotch  descent.  He 
had  one  brother,  Charles,  for  some  years 
Editor  of  the  Pittsburgh  Commercial,  and  now 
a  resident  of  Florida,  and  two  sisters,  Mrs. 
Brown  and  Mrs.  Pierrepont.  His  childhood 
and  youth  were  spent  in  Oxford,  he  being 
educated  at  the  Academy  in  that  jilace.  After 
leaving  School,  he  became  a  Civil  Engineer, 
and  acted  in  that  capacity  in  the  construction 
of  the  Chenango  (New  York)  Canal.  In  ])ur- 
suit  of  the  same  calling,  he  came  to  Ohio 
during  the  construction  of  the  Miami  and  Krie 
Canal.  Not  obtaining  employment  in  that 
connection,  he  taught  a  District  School  in 
Providence,  Lucas  County,  for  one  Winter. 
For  a  time  he  was  in  business  at  Waterville. 
About  1845,  he  was  appointed  Superintendent 
of  the  Eastern  Division  of  the  Miami  and  Erie 
Canal,  which  position  he  held  for  several  years 
and  until  there  was  a  political  change  in  the 
management  of  Ohio  Public  Works.     In  1849, 


with  the  late  L.  L.  Morehouse,  he  formed  the 
partnership  of  Brigham  &  Morehouse,  so  long 
and  so  usefullj'  identified  with  the  business 
interests  of  Waterville,  their  special  trade  being 
the  sale  of  merchandise  and  Milling.  No  busi- 
ness firm  in  Lucas  County  ever  attained  to 
more  honorable  position  than  did  that,  and  to 
its  enterprise  and  high  character  was  Water- 
ville largely  indebted  for  many  years.  In  1864 
these  partners,  with  John  B.  Ketcham,  organ- 
ized the  Wholesale  Grocery  firm  of  Ketcham, 
Brigham  &  Co.,  at  Toledo,  which  continued  in 
successful  operation  until  the  death  of  Mr. 
Brigham,  in  1869.  In  addition  to  their 
Waterville  02)erations,  Brigham  &  More- 
house, in  1859,  in  connection  with  S.  W. 
Whitmore,  formerly  a  Clerk  with  them,  opened 
a  store  at  Tontogany,  Wood  County.  In  1868, 
they  disposed  of  their  Waterville  Store  to  H. 
H.  Wakeman  &  Co.  In  all  that  constitutes  a 
true  man,  a  genial  and  liberal-hearted  citizen 
and  energetic  business  operator,  Mr.  Bi-igham 
was  fully  endowed.  An  old  and  specially  inti- 
mate friend  of  his  most  justly  speaks  of  him  as 
"in  every  position  in  life  filling  the  measure  of 
an  intelligent,  honest  and  large-hearted  man." 
He  was  of  large  bodj-  and  large  brain,  a  genial 
companion,  warmly  attached  to  his  friends. 
Politically,  he  was  a  Whig  until  that  partj- 
was  merged  into  the  Eejniblicau  organization, 
after  which  he  acted  with  the  latter.  While 
ever  actively  interested  in  political  affairs,  he 
habitually  avoided  official  position.  His  wile, 
Mrs.  Eliza  Ann  Brigham,  now  (1888)  resides 
at  Oxford,  New  York.  They  had  one  child, 
Julia  (deceased),  wife  of  Ezra  S.  Dodd,  of 
Toledo. 

Lorenzo  Lewis  Morehouse  was  born  in 
Charlton,  Saratoga  Count}',  New  York,  Jan- 
uary 27,  1811,  and  died  at  Waterville  Januarv 
28,  1872.  He  came  to  Ohio  in  October,  1837, 
and  took  an  interest  with  Elijah  Doodin  a  con- 
tract in  the  construction  of  the  Miami  and  Erie 
Canal,  in  which  connection  they  had  a  store  in 
Waterville.  In  1846  Mr.  Morehouse  built  a 
Grist- Mill,  which  is  still  in  operation  at  Water- 
ville. In  1849  he  entered  into  partnership  with 
James  M.  Brigham,  which  continued  until  the 
death  of  that  gentleman  in  1869,  including  the 
Wholesale  Grocery  house  of  Ketcham,  Brig- 
ham &  Co.  in  Toledo.  In  all  his  business 
relations,  extending  over  more  than  a  third  of 
a  century  of  time,  embracing  vast  amounts  in 
trade,  and  bringing  him  into  contact  with  a 
great  variety  of  persons,  his  character  for  high 
personal  honor  was  never  questioned.  For 
several  years  he  was  County  Commissioner; 
for  two  years  a  Eepresentative  in  the  State 
Legislature,  to  which  office  he  declined  a  re- 
nomination.  It  was  during  the  second  session 
of  his  term  in  that  body  that  he  laid  the 
foundation  for  the  disease  which  finally  resulted 
in  his  death,  as  prior  to  that  time  he  enjoyed 


-r? 


''f^^a^^Ci^^^<-^ 


WA  TER  VILLE  TO  WNSEIP. 


01!l 


rcibusl  and  vigorous  lionlth.  In  1S'?5,  Jlr. 
3lorelioii.se  was  married  witli  Miss  ilary  Ann 
Wakcnian,  at  Saratoga  .Springs.  Tliey  had 
tour  ciiildren — Helen,  Sarah,  Alice  and  Mary 
Ann — all  of  whom  are  now  dead.  Mrs.  Jiore- 
liouse  died  in  1853.  September  20,  1855,  Mr. 
Morehouse  was  married  with  ilar^'ette  A.  Sut- 
ton, daughter  of  John  B.  and  Matilda  (Feagles) 
Sutton.  One  child — a  son,  Lewis — was  born  to 
them,  he  d3ing  in  inlancy.  The  wife  survived 
him  but  a  year,  and  Aliee  only  eight  months, 
leaving  him  without  kith  or  kin. 

PERSONAL   MENTION. 

More  special  mention  than  has  been  given 
seems  due  to  the  memory  of  Waterville's  chief 
pioneer.  John  Pray  was  born  in  Eiiode 
Island,  October  6,  178.3.  He  was  third  son  of 
Reverend  John  Praj*.  When  12  years  of  age  lie 
went  to  Saratoga,  New  York  ;  and  at  21,  with 
his  brother  James,  he  engaged  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  potash.  In  May,  1817,  with  his  brother 
James  and  tive-others,  he  .sat  out  for  the  West 
in  search  of  a  site  for  a  Colony,  traveling  1)3- 
.stage  to  Buftalo,  and  by  a  small  Sloop  to  De- 
troit; thence  b}'  pack-horses,  they  proceeded 
to  the  point,  of  destination — the  Maumee  Val- 
lej'.  Following  theliiver  up  to  Fort  Defiance, 
thej'  found  no  resident  white  man  lietween 
Fort  Meigs  and  that  place.  From  there  tlicy 
went  to  Dayton,  Ohio,  and  thence  to  Cleveland. 
At  that  point,  not  having  found  a  satisfactorj- 
site  for  the  purposed  settlement,  all  of  the 
party,  save  John  Pray,  returned  to  New  York, 
wiiile  he,  uot  disposed  to  abandon  his  pursuit 
of  a  Western  home,  came  back  to  the  Maumee 
Vallej*,  and  soon  determined  to  settle  at  Watei-- 
ville.  In  such  decision  he  was  greatly  aided 
by  the  jirospectivc  water-power  at  that  point. 
Returning  to  New  York,  he  remained  there 
until  Maj-,  1818,  when  he  sat  out  on  his  return, 
with  his  wife,  four  children  and  a  ne]ihew. 
They  travelled  in  a  wagon  to  Butfalo,  and 
there  took  a  15-ton  Schooner,  Ca])tain  Charter, 
for  the  Maumee.  So  scant  was  the  supply  of 
sails,  that  tlie  passengers  were  required  to  use 
their  clothes  for  such.  A  passage  of  nine  days 
took  tliem  to  Waterville,  where  they  found 
temporarj-  quarters  in  an  unfinished  log-cabin 
of  Mr.  Adams,  who  was  among  the  few  settlers 
who  had  arrived  since  Mr.  Pray's  visit  the 
previous  year,  all  wliom  gave  cordial  welcome 
to  the  recruits.  There  was  then  no  (irist-]\Iill 
nearer  than  Monroe,  Michigan  (some  40  miles). 
Mr.  Praj'  at  once  sat  about  a  change  in  condi- 
tions, and  in  1821  he  built  on  Granger  Island, 
the  first  Grist-Mill  on  the  Lower  Maumee.  For 
several  years  it  had  customers  for  a  distance  ol 
45  miles,  (Defiance  included).  Ere  long  ilr. 
Pray  added  machinery  for  carding  wool,  a 
Hemp  machine  and  a  Di.stillery.  In  1831,  he 
laid  out  the  Village  of  Wateiwille;  and  in  1832 
removed   his  mills  to   the   main    land  ;    and   in 

99 


1^37  built  the  Columbian  House  llien  the  best 
hotel  in  that  section.  Ho  purchased  largo 
quantities  of  lauds,  in  what  are  now  Lucas, 
Wood  and  Fulton  Counties.  As  elsewhere 
stated,  he  was  of  the  first  Board'of  Commis- 
sioners of  Wood  County,  in  182U  ;  was  for  nine 
years  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  and  was 
the  first  Postmaster  at  Waterville.  'J'he 
■'latch-string"  of  his  home  was  always 
"out"  to  travelers,  great  numbers  of  whom 
gladly  acceiitcd  the  hospitalities  thus  ox- 
tended.  He  was  well  educateil,  and  thus 
speciallv  fitted  to  promote  both  the  moral  and 
material  interests  of  the  community.  Until 
47  jears  old,  he  adhered  to  the  religious  belief 
of  the  Univcrsalists ;  but  in  1840,  he  uniliul 
with  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  and  be- 
came an  active  n\ember  of  the  same.  In  his 
00th  year,  he  closed  his  long,  active  and  hon- 
orable life,  dying  at  Waterville,  October  18, 
1872.  Mr.  Pray  was  married  March  21,  ;809, 
with  Miss  Lucy  Dunham,  of  Smithfiehl,  Madi.son 
County,  New  Y'ork,  who  was  born  at  Fort 
Edwards,  Now  York,  October  28,  1789.  They 
lived  together  in  ha])p\'  marital  relations  for 
the  extraordiiuiry  period  of  (!.'!  yeai's,  of  wliicdi 
54  were  spent  at  \Vaterville.  Their  children 
were  as  follows:  Harriet,  born  October  0, 
1810;  John  L.,  born  January  25,  1812;  Mary, 
January  10,  1814;  James  R..  February  24, 
1817;  Paris  H.,  May  5,  1819;  William  K., 
November  20.  1821;  Ozro  D.,  March  4,  1.S24; 
Thomas,  Api-il  9,  1828;  Lucy,  October  13, 1S31  ; 
and  Caroline,  March  18,  1835.  Of  these  the 
following  are  now  (1888)  living  :  Paris  H.,  al 
Whitchouse  ;  Ozro  I).,  al  Grizzly  Flats,  Califor- 
nia: and  Thomas,  at  Waterville. 

Among  the  more  ])rominent  business  men  ot 
Waterville  Township  for  several  years  past, 
has  been  John  Lansing  Pray,  of  Whiteliousc. 
He  was  born  February  17,  1839,  at  the  Pra}- 
homestead  farm,  near  Waterville.  His  father 
was  John  Lansing  Pray,  a  son  of  John  Pra}-, 
the  pioneer.  His  mother  was  Lucina  (Cross) 
Pray,  a  daughter  of  Salmon  Cross,  a  pioneer 
and  prominent  citizen  of  Watt'rville.  She  is 
now  the  widow  of  Whitconib  liaskins,  one  of 
the  first  settlers  of  Watei-ville.  The  son  was 
educated  at  the  Waterville  Public  Schools. 
During  the  Winter  of  1858-59,  he  taught  a 
School  in  Illinois,  and  the  following  Winter 
in  Wood  County.  He  enlisted  in  Battery  H, 
First  Ohio  Light  Artillery,  Sejitemlier  28,1801, 
and  serveil  until  the  end  of  the  War.  He  was 
appointed  Bugler  lor  the  Battery,  and  .served 
as  such  until  February,  1804,  when  he  was 
transferred  to  the  United  States  Signal  Ser- 
vice, where  he  remained  to  the  elo.se.  He 
gained  special  recognition  in  the  latter 
capacity,  having  been,  as  Sei-geant,  placed  in 
charge  of  the  Signal  party  aceompanj'ing  the 
Fifth  Arn\y  Corps.  Since  the  War,  lew 
Soldiers  have  done  more  than  has  he  toward 
cultivating      and     maintaining      among      the 


920 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


L'ouutiy's  defeuders  the  true  spirit  of  jjatriot- 
ism  and  social  relations.  Upon  bis  return 
from  the  field  of  War,  he  taught  School  for  one 
year  at  Waterville,  and  afterwards  engaged  in 
trade  at  Waterville  with  Joseph  E.  Hall.  Sub- 
seqcntlj'  the  firm  decided  to  develoj)  the 
valuable  Stone  dej^osits  near  W^hiteliouse,  and 
for  that  purpose  opened  quarries  and  estab- 
lished a  Store,  their  operations  in  such  con- 
nection being  referred  to  elsewhere.  Mr.  Pray, 
from  early  life,  has  been  actively  identified 
with  interests  concerning  his  fellow-citizens, 
and  by  act  and  influence  has  contributed  much 
to  their  moral  and  material  welfare.  He  was 
married  with  Miss  Pamelia  C.  Hall,  daughter  of 
J.  E.  Hall,  of  Waterville,  March  28, 18(36.  Their 
children  are  John  Emmons,  Mable  C,  and 
Pamelia  D.,  of  Whitehouse.  The  mother  died 
April  4,  1881.  Mr.  Pray  was  married  May  21, 
1884,  with  Miss  Mary  E.  Singer,  a  native  of 
Waterville.  They  have  one  cliild,  Carrie 
Loui.se. 

Henry  Eeed,  Sen.,  was  born  in  Eidgefield, 
Connecticut,  March  31,  1784,  and  died  in 
Toledo,  July  27,  1864.  He  removed  to  Sharon, 
Connecticut,  in  1804,  and  to  Waterville  in  1833. 
Mrs.  Reed  died  at  Waterville  in  1857,  where 
Mr.  Reed  remained  until  1859.  From  his  ad- 
vent at  Waterville,  Mr.  Reed  took  an  active 
interest  in  the  moral  and  religious  interests  of 
the  community.  On  the  first  Sabl)ath  after  his 
arrival  he  gave  out  notice  that  religious  servi- 
ces would  be  held  at  a  given  place, and  betook 
charge  of  the  same,  led  in  the  usual  exercises, 
and  maintained  such  appointments  until  a 
Church  was  established,  in  which  he  always' 
was  an  active  member.  In  the  Temperance 
cause  he  was  also  prominent,  and  in  different 
ways  contibuted  to  the  moulding  of  a  sound 
sentiment  among  the  settlers,  the  effects  of 
which  have  been  enjoyed  tbei'e  ever  since.  He 
was  for  several  years  As.sociate  Judge  of  the 
County,  and  served  in  other  public  capacities. 
Notwithstanding  the  embarrasments  attend- 
ing the  charge  of  a  lax'ge  family  in  a  country 
so  new,  Mr.  Reed  was  enabled  to  rear  bis 
family  to  a  degree  of  intelligence,  usefulness 
and  influence  rarelj'  seen  even  under  more 
favorable  circumstances.  It  is  quite  safe  to 
state,  that  no  other  family  of  settlers  in  the 
Maumee  Valley  constituted  as  liberal  an  ad- 
dition in  numbers  to  the  population,  as  did 
Mr.  Reed.  It  included  the  j^arents  and  12 
children.  The  names  of  the  latter  now  living, 
are  as  follows:  Henry,  at  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia ;  Samuel  R.,  Cincinnati:  Frederick,  New 
York  City;  George,  Forest,  Florida:  Alexan- 
der, Walla  Walla,  Washitigton  Territory;  and 
Mrs.  W.  P.  Gregory,  Omaha,  Nebraska.  Those 
who  died  were — Elizabeth,  wife  of  Abner  L. 
Backus,  Toledo;  Abraham  P.,  Elias,  Mrs. 
Frances   Lamb,    Louis,  and  Mrs.  Temperance 


Tucker.  One  son,  Frank,  born  at  Waterville, 
is  also  dead. 

Oscar  W.  Ballon  is  a  son  of  Orson  and 
Emily  (Underwood)  Ballou.  He  was  born  in 
Waterville,  October  1,  183G.  His  parents  both 
dated  their  residence  in  Waterville  Itaek  to 
1818 — the  very  start  of  settlement  at  that  point. 
His  father  held  a  leading  position  in  the  Town- 
ship for  many  vears.  He  was  a  Major  in  the 
Ohio  forces  during  the  "  Toledo  War  ^'  of  1835. 
Oscar  W.  served  in  Company  I,  14th  Ohio 
Infantry,  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion  in 
1861.  His  brother,  Orson  G.,  Lieutenant, 
Company  F,  lOOtb  Ohio  Infantry,  was  captur- 
ed and  died  from  starvation  in  Libbj'^  Prison. 
Mr.  Ballou's  political  views  and  action  have 
always  been  with  the  Democratic  party.  He 
hasfor  man}' years  been  actively  identified  with 
2)ublic  affairs  at  Waterville,  having  held  nearly 
every  office  in  the  Town,  being  at  this  time 
President  of  the  Board  of  Education  and  a 
member  of  the  Council,  with  both  of  which 
bodies  he  has  been  connected  since  their  organ- 
ization. As  elsewhere  stated,  he  took  the 
leading  part  in  the  develojiment  of  natural  gas, 
which  now  promises  so  much  for  the  future, 
not  of  Waterville  alone,  but  of  Maumee,  Toledo 
and  other  points  whose  interest  therein  is  yet 
to  be  shown.  Mr.  Ballou  was  married  Septem- 
ber 20, 1863,  with  Miss  Lina,  daughter  of  Lewis 
and  Amanda  (Hall)  Eastwood,  who  was  born 
in  Waterville,  September  25,  1843.  Her  par- 
ents came  to  that  Township  in  1831,  thefitther 
now  being  the  oldest  man  there.  Mr.  Ballou 
has  two  chiklren — Clifford  G.,  born  September 
10,  1864,  wlio  was  graduated  at  the  Ohio  Wes- 
leyan  University,  Delaware,  with  highest 
honors,  in  1888,  and  is  the  only  College  grad- 
uate of  Waterville;  and  Minnie  O.,  born  Octo- 
ber 31,  1870. 

Hiram  P.  Barlow  came  to  the  Maumee  Val- 
ley in  1810,  settling  at  Orleans  (Fort  Meigs). 
Subsequently  he  took  a  farm  at  Presque  Isle, 
on  the  North  side  of  the  River,  and  near  to 
Turkey-Foot  Rock,  where  he  built  a  house. 
He  taught  School  at  Orleans  during  the  winter 
of  1816-17,  and  is  believed  to  have  been  thefir-st 
School  teacher  in  the  Maumee  Valley.  He  was 
married  with  a  daughter  of  Victory  Jennison, 
one  of  the  early  settlers  at  the  Foot  of  the 
Rapids.  Mr.  Barlow,  near  Waterville,  built 
(for  John  Pray)  the  first  Distillery,  and  one 
of  the  first  Grist. Mills,  in  the  Valley.  The 
Mill  was  driven  by  ox-power.  The  first  water- 
power  Mill  was  built  at  Brunersburgh,  now 
Henry  County,  by  Mr.  Perkins.  The  first 
Saw-Mill  was  that  of  Learning,  father  of  Thos. 
Learning,  at  Monclova,  in  1812.  Driven  away 
by  the  Indians  as  the  Mill  was  nearly  com- 
pleted, Mr.  Learning  returned  to  find  it  in  ashes. 
Subsequentlj-  he  rebuilt,  a  short  distance  from 
the  former  site,  and  where  a  Mill  now   stands. 


I 


WAYNESFIELD  TOWNSHIP. 


!t21 


WAVNESFIELD    TOWNSHIP. 


W:i}-nesfiel(l  was  tho  first  Township  in  Oiiio 
orgaiiizeil  Nortli  of  tlie  Maumce  River.  Its 
original  lerritorj-  lying  over  against  Fort 
Meigs,  embraced  Fort  Jlianii  ;  the  British  Bat- 
tery on  the  point  opposite  Fort  iMeigs ;  the 
seone  of  tlie  Dade  massacre;  the  land-mark 
known  as  Turkey  Foot  Rock  ;  and  spread  over 
a  soil  full  of  historic  interest,  and  saturated 
with  the  blood  of  the  early  defenders  of  our 
Nation, shed  in  warfare  against  the  British  and 
tlieir  Indian  allies. 

Any  historical  account  of  this  ])art  of  I^ucas 
County  would  be  imperfect,  which  omitted  the 
early  occupation  by  the  French  of  a  fortified 
Post  at  what  is  now  known  as  Fort  Miami. 
This  Post  was  on  the  left  bank  of  the  Maumee 
River,  on  a  high  point  of  laud,  from  whence 
can  be  seen,  spread  out  like  a  map,  2(1  miles  of 
the  course  of  the  River,  flowing  in  gentle 
curves,  from  the  foot  of  the  Rapids  away  to  the 
Northeast,  to  where  it  reaches  the  waters  of  the 
Ba}',  which  skirt  the  distant  horizon  with  a 
silver  line  and  conduct  the  River  to  Lake  Erie. 
To  this  day,  the  lines  of  the  British  Fort  built 
on  the  same  site,  are  clearly  legible  in  grass- 
grown  ditches,  and  bold  embankments,  and  the 
hollow  way  leading  to  the  River. 

This  position  had  commanding  advantages 
as  a  military  post,  and  the  e)  e  of  the  French 
Engineer  was  quick  to  mark  it  and  make  it 
part  of  the  system  of  fortifications  intended  to 
reach  from  the  great  Lakes  to  the  Mississippi 
and  to  secure  the  dominion  of  France  over  the 
water-shed  of  the  Lake  region  and  the  Ohio 
and  Mississippi  Valleys.  At  this  Fort  was 
established  the  first  permanent  settlement  of 
the  white  man  in  Ohio.  When  France  sur- 
rendered her  American  possessions  to  Eng- 
land in  1700,  an  English  garrison  occupied  the 
old  French  Fort,  fortified  it  in  a  regular  manner 
and  called  it  Fort  Campbell.  Mementoes  of 
French  occupation  remain  on  the  River  from 
its  head  waters  at  Fort  Wayne  to  the  Maumee 
Bay,  in  the  names  of  the  descendants  of  the 
oldest  families,  some  of  w^hom  preceded  the  ad- 
vent of  the  first  Americans  by  at  least  a  half 
century. 

Waj-nesfield  Township  lies  on  the  South- 
eastern border  of  Lucas  County  and  is  bound- 
ed on  the  North  and  East  by  Springfield  and 
Adams  Townships,  on  the  Southeast  by  the 
Maumee  River,  and  on  the  West  by  the  Town- 
ship of  Monclova.  Its  present  area  is  about  30 
s<|uare  miles,  it  having  been  grcatlj-  reduced 
fi-om  its  original  dimensions  by  the  detachment 
of  portions  of  its  territorj'  to  form  other  Town- 
sliips.  The  Township  was  originally  includ- 
ed in  the  County  of  Logan,  erected  by  an  act 
of  the  Ohio  Legislature  passed  Deccmbei-  30, 
1817,  and  was  named  Waynesfield  in   honor  of 


Gcnci-al  Anlhony  Waj'ne.  It  was  also  ap])ro- 
priatc  as  including  the  field  in  which  Wayne 
had  achieved  his  splendid  victories  over  the 
Indians,  in  1704. 

In  182tl  (he  County  of  Wood  was  erected 
from  the  Noi'thcrn  part  of  Logan  County,  and 
AVaynesfield  was  its  onlj-  orgatiized  Townshi]) 
on  the  North  side  of  the  Maumee  River  until 
1S35,  when  Lucas  County  was  set  ort'  from  the 
parts  iif  Wood  and  Henry  Counties  lying  ad- 
jacent to  the  then  disputed  boundary  of  Mich- 
igan and  North  ol  the  Maumee  River.  During 
the  "Toledo  AVar"  the  Commissioners  of  Lucas 
Countj-  at  a  special  meeting  held  October  12, 
1835,  extended  the  civil  jurisdiction  of  Waj'nes- 
field  to  the  Northern  boundary  of  thi'  State  as 
claimed  by  Ohio;  thus  pi-actically  obliterating, 
for  the  time  bi'ing,  the  Tow  nship  of  Port  Law- 
rence, which  I'emained  in  a  state  of  sus2)cnded 
animation  for  three  days,  and  during  the  State 
election.  That  crisis  having  passed,  it  was  re- 
stored October  15,  1835,  to  its  proper  jurisdic- 
tion. 

The  next  reduction  of  the  area  of  Waynes- 
field  was  effected  by  the  erection  of  Springfield, 
June  20,  183G.  Monclova  was  set  off,  taking 
another  portion  of  its  territory,  March  11, 1853; 
and  Adams  (under  the  name  of  Carey),  De- 
cember 3,  185(J.  On  June  3,  1850,  all  that  pari 
of  Springfield  and  Monclova  lying  South  of  the 
North  line  of  Sections  25  and  20.  Town  Two, 
LT.  S.  Reserve,  including  all  of  Pi-ivate  Grant 
682,  was  re-annexed  to  Waynesficld.   ■ 

UE.VI.    ESTAT1-;    KEroRO. 

The  first  record  made  at  tiic  Recorder's  office  , 
of  "Wood  County  related  to  lands  in  Waynes- 
field  Township,  and  consisted  of  the  plat  of 
Maumee  City  prepared  by  A.  I.  AVheeler  for 
John  E.  Hunt,  in  August,  1818.  It  contained 
100  lots  75x132  feet.  Of  these,  three  lots  at  the 
Southwest  corner  of  Conant  and  Detroit 
Streets  were  sot  ai)art  for  public  ground;  and 
two  at  the  Northwest  corner  of  tJibhs  and 
Detroit  Streets  were  set  apart  (or  Church  and 
School  purposes.  The  plat  was  ackTiowledged 
before  Seneia  Allen,  Justice  of  the  Pea(-e  (or 
the  Count}'  of  Logan,  ilr.  Allen  then  resided 
at  Orleans,  below  the  site  of  Fort  .Meigs. 

The  first  transfer  of  property  recorded  in 
Wood  County  was  the  deed  of  Thomas  Learn- 
ing to  Fphraim  U.  Ijcaming,  Jul}- 21,  1821,  for 
100  acres  of  lainl  in  Section  5,  Wajnesfield 
Township. 

The  next  was  the  deed  of  Aurora  Spatt'ord 
to  David  Hull,  dated  December  14,  isi;i,  ofa 
lot  in  Maumee  for  §40(1. 

Following  are  the  names  of  parties  to  deeds 
made  at   the    dales  'given,  for    projicrtj-   then 


922 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


within  Iho  Township  of  Waynesfiold,  a  hirge 
portion  of  which  was  within  Maumee  City  : 

United  States  to  John  Askin,  1811;  400  acres  at  Foot  of  Rapids, 
adjoining  tract  sold  Samuel  Ewiug. 

Sauderson  1".  Dav  to  I^evi  Omans.  May,  1822.  This  deed  was 
witnessed  hv  II.  Powell  and  D.  McJlerton,  and  acknowl- 
eilged  hefore  Almou  Gihbs,  .lustice  of  the  Peace,  Maumee 

City- 

United  States  to  Whitraore  Knn^gs,  1822;  600  acres  on  River, 
adjoining  tract  sold  Samuel  Lwing. 

Same  to  Samuel  Ewing,  1832;  500  acres  on  River,  next  to  tract 
sold  to  .lohn  Askin. 

United  states  to  Joseph  Pierce,  River  Tract  19,  112i^  acres,  1823. 

United  States  to  l.ewis  Bullock,  160  acres,  in  Section  5,  Waynes- 
Held  Township,  1824. 

Horatio  fonnant  to  Timothy  P.  Upton,  1828. 

J.  H.  Jeriime  to  same,  18;J0. 

Francis  Lassell  to  C'hloe  Gihbs,  widow  of  Almon  Gihbs,  1828. 

Ambrose  Rice  to  Chloe  Gibbs,  lot  35,  Maumee  :  1829. 

Aurora  Spafford  to  David  Hull,  lot,  Maumee,  1829. 

G.  B.  Knaggs  to  James  Knaggs,  of  Detroit,  300  acres  in  Wayncs- 
fleld,  1829. 

Hiram  Thebault  to  Levi  Beardsley  and  .Tames  O.  Morse,  160 
acres  ;  same- tract  granted  to  Thebault  (a  half-breed  Ottawa 
Indian),  by  the  treaty  in  1831,  with  that  tribe;  price,  $5,000. 
Also,  to  same,  4  acres  ;  being  an  Island  in  Maumee  River, 
opposite  the  foregoing  tract ;  price,  $l;j.  These  lands  were 
at  Bear  Rapids  in  the  Maumee  River. 

Ambrose  Rice  to  Johu  Clark,  May,  1832,  Long  Island,  Maumee 
River. 

United  States  to  Daniel  Strayer,  80  acres  in  Section  4,  Waynes- 
field  Township,  1832. 

Robert  A.  Forsyth  to  Wm.  Huber,  1831. 

Isaac  Silvers  to  Smith  A.  Towner,  April,  18;M, 

Solomon  Sibley  to  Elnathan  Cory,  18-32. 

Elnothan  Corv  to  Hiram  Higby,  18'!3. 

liulph  Fiirnsworth  to  Thos.  shoemaker,  1.S33. 

Ambrose  Rice  to   Nat.  Dnstin  and  J.  W.  Scott,  18.i3. 

Timothy  Doane  to  David  C.  Doane,  18.33. 

United  .States  to  Johu  B.  lieaugrand  and  J.  E.  Hunt,  225  acres  in 
lot  595,  1833. 

Philander  Noble  to  Alfred  Hamilton,  1834. 

Wm.  Oliver  to  Peter^Isadore  and  John  Burdo,  18;M. 

Geo.  B.  Knaggs  to  Wm.  H.  Sabin,  l.'SS. 

Hiram  Higby  to  John  U.  Smith,  1835. 

John  Kiiiiggs  to  Archibald  Mercer,  18:B5. 

Chloe  Gibbs'  Addition  to  Maumee  City,  was- recorded  in  18.35, 
having  28  lots  and  3  streets— Couant,  Indiana  and  Sophia. 

Chloe  Gibbs  to  Wiley  Hamilton,  lot  1,  Mrs.  Gibbs'  Addition; 
1835;  $40. 

Elnathan  Corv  to  John  Brandagee,  Isaac  Thompson,  ,Tohn  D.. 
Wheat,  Eiiward  Hallan,  Lucinda  Caulkins,  Archibald  Mer- 
cer and  ,Toseph  Lawrence,  lots  in  Jliami  City,  1835. 

County  Auditor  to  Levi  aud  Washington  T.  Beebe  ;  lots  4,  5,  6,  7 
and  8,  School  Section  16,  Waynestield  ;  260  acres,  313,822.34 ; 
18-35. 

Wm.  H.  Sabin  to  Matilda  Knaggs,  1835. 

H\int  and  Beaugrand's  Addition  to  Maumee  City,  was  recordcrl 
in  1835,  with  172  lots  and  12  Streets— Canal,  Spring,  Hunt, 
Jackson,  White,  Detroit,  Elizabeth,  Dudley,  Wayne,  John, 
Sophia,  William  and  Indiana, 

J.  E.  Hunt's  Addition  to  Maumee  City,  recorded  1885,  with  50 
lots  and  6  Streets— Front,  Erie,  Detroit,  Wayne,  Cass,  and 
Kingsbury. 

John  E.  Hunt  to  Irena  Jeffers,  March,  1835. 

Simon  Bartlev  to  David  Oren,  May,  1835. 

David  Hnbbell  toColbvChew,  August,  183-5. 

Elnathan  Cory  to  John  D.  Wheat,  Edward  Hallan,  John  Bran- 
dagee, Isaac  Thompson,  Archibald  Mercer,  Joseph  Lawrence 
and  Lucius  Caulkins,  lots  in  Miami  Citv,  1835. 

Hiram  Smith  and  L.  E.  Stone  to  B  D.  ColHn,  1835. 

Hiram  Higby  to  John  U.  Smith,  18:35. 

John  Knaggs  to  Archibald  Mercer,  1835. 

Daniel  Hnbbell  to  Jeremiah  A.  Scott,  lot  43,  Port  Miami,  1836. 

Jacob  Gnagy  to  Smith  A.  Towner,  1836,  30  acres  in  Section  22, 
together  with  privilege  of  erecting  a  mill-dam  across  Swan 
Creek  and  flowing  water  back  on  grantee's  other  land,  jtro- 
vided  the  dam  lie  not  over  8  feet  in  height ;  price  $405. 

Jedediali  Bishop  to  Levi  Ik-ebe,  June,  1836. 

J.  E.  Hunt  to  Rev.  L.  B.  Gurley.  April,  1830,  lot  35,  Hunt's  Ad- 
dition ;  S200.  Same  lot  sold  June,  1836,  to  J,  H,  Hobart,  for 
8900. 

Miami  Company  to  Wm  M.  Mumford,  lots  in  Miami  City,  1836, 
for  J4,750. 

Caleb  S.  Henderson  to  Henry  Tyler,  lot  10,  Hunt  &  Beaugrand's 
Addition,  80,500 ;  1830. 

An  additiim  to  Maumee  City  by  J.  E.  Hunt,  Levi  Beebee,  P.  E 
Kirtland  and  Chloe  Gibbs,  was  made  1836. 

Sylvester  F.  Atwood  to  Jesse  St.  John,  1836. 

Elisha  JIack's  Addition  to  Maumee— 1  block  of  9  lots,  recorded 
August,  1836. 

Samuel  Stiewig  to  Charles  N.  Eckles,  September,  1836. 

Ewing  and  Rowan's  Addition  to  Maumee  City  was  recorded  in 
July,  1836. 

June  14, 18:J6,  Elnathan  Cory  and  Horatio  G.  Phillip.s,  of  Day- 
ton, Ohio  ;  John  Hollister,  Jessup  W.  .Scott  and  David  Ladd. 
of  Perrysburg,  and  Norman  C.  Baldwin  of  Cle\e!;inil,  formed 
and  constituted  what  was  known  as  the  "  Miami  City  Com- 
pany." The  stock  was  divided  into  1,536  shares  of  $400  each. 
The  object  of  the  organization  was  the  ownership  and  man- 
agement of  certain  pro)>erty,   to  wit :    River  Tract  No.  19, 


originally  granted  to  Joseph  Purie,  of  Dayton,  containing 
11214  acres,  the  Warehouse  and  lot  of  David  Hubbell  and 
other  property  in  and  adiiviuing  Miami  City.  The  existence 
■of  the  Company  was  liniiird  to  11  years  and  to  cease  in  1846. 

United  States  to  Bernard  Cass,  Septeniber,  1836. 

Wolcott's  .\dd.  to  Miami  City,  recorded  .\pril,  18:57. 

An  Addition  to  Miami  City  was  recorded  in  .May,  18:18,  by  J. 
Austin  Sriitt,  Jessuj)  W.  .Scott,  Samuel  Hawlcv,  Rufus  11. 
Picket,  Richard  Randall,  ,lohu  Hollister,  J.  W.  Smith, Henry 
Darling  aud  Wm.  P.  Reznor.  The  plat  consisted  of  8  bbicl^s 
of  "23  lots  each,  and  had  8  Streets— Knaggs,  Reznor,  Scoil, 
Hollister,  Askin,  Detroit,  Second  and  Fourth 

Electa  Gale  to  Smith  &  Crowcll.  Se|.trniber,  18:17. 

John  K.  Hunt  to  Andrew  Young.  -Vugust,  183?. 

Anson  Reed  to  James  Pratt,  iHrember,  1S38. 

William  Kingsbury  to  Harmon  ICinL:sbiirv,  March,  1839. 

John  William  Horn  to  William  H.  Mcrritt,  October,  1839. 

John  E.  Hunt  to  Judilli  Ballanl  iwidow),  and  Samuel  W.,.Iolin 
H.,  James  Jr.,  Charles  (all  of  age).  .Milton  N.  and  Mary  .lane 
(minors),  children  of  James  Ballard,  deceased,  Nov.,  1S39. 

James  Wolcott  to  Ira  White,  December,  18.37. 

James  Wolcott  to  James  W,  Shepard,  .Inly,  1837. 

Samuel  M.  Young  to  Luke  Beardaall,  February,  18:38. 

Levi  IJeelje  tolOmily  1  Beebe)  Fairman,  18:38. 

John  E.  Hunt  to  James  Kinney,  March,  1828. 

J.  Atistin  Scott  d  al.  to  Hiraiu" Davis,  1837. 

Jiimcs  Wilkinson  to  Flavel  N.  Butler,  August.  18.38. 

Horace  ^Vaite  to  Antoine  and  Daniel  Peltier,  1838. 

John  E.  Hunt  to  Zimri  H.  Baxter,  October,  18:19. 

Christian  Knagy  to  William  Price,  August,  1839. 

Master  Commissioner  to  George  Spencer  and  J.  A.  Moore,  1839. 

John  E.  Hunt  to  Tobias  Wol/inger,  August,  1839. 

In  May,  1810,  John  E.  Hunt  eranted  to  the  Commissioners  of  Lu- 
cas County,  lots  lli;i,  104  and  105,  the  same  having  been  do- 
nated for  the  use  of  llie  Covmty  building,  the  County -seat 
having  then  I.ieen  removed  from  Toledo  to  Maumee  City. 

United  States  to  Leicester  Gilbert,  August,  18:33. 

Deborali  Smitli  to  AVilliam  Patton,  May,  1840. 

Chloe  Gibbs  to  Samuel  Whistler,  July,  1840. 

Isaac  H.  Bronson  to  I'^li  Kitts,  .\pril,  1840 

Jliami  City  Co.  to  Lot  Bnlkley,  July,  1840. 

I.  S.  C:on\'erse  to  Philip  and  Wm.  F"oresman,  1840. 

Rodolphus  Dickinson,  LaQ.  Rawson.  Peter  Beaugrand,  and  .Sar- 
dis  Biiehard,  of  Lower  Sandusky,  to  Lucas  County,  lot  loti. 
Hunt  tfc  Beaugrad's  .Addition,  as"  donation  for  Court  House 
and  Jail,  I84II. 

In  1841,  Leonard  K.  Barber,  of  Wood^■ille,  Mississippi,  gave  to 
George  W.  Reynolds,  of  Maumee  <  "ity,  ]>ower  of  attt.irney  "to 
erect  a  Custom  and  I'loaring-Mill  an'd  .Saw-Mill  in  Maumee 
City,"  the  former  with  two  to  fotir  runs  of  stones,  and  the 
latter  with  one  saw  ;  and  to  conduct  the  operations  and  bus- 
iness of  the  same,  when  constructed.  In  June,  1842,  the  firm 
of  S.  AV.  Waters  (Steiihen  W.  Waters  and  L.  K.  Barlier),  con- 
ferred upon  Mr.  Reynolds  like  authority. 

Francis  Brown  to  Mary  Brown,  September,  1841. 

Benjamin  ILint  to  Onvn  Whitten,  April,  1841. 

Quintns  F.  Atkins  to  Nathaniel  li.  Blinn,  War  Club  Island,  Mau- 
mee River,  Waynestield,  $600.  1841. 

Daniel  Cook  to  Philura  Drummond,  April,  1842. 

County  Auditor  toT.  W.  Olcott,  Banker,  of  Albany,  New  York, 
25  lots,  Miami,  for  delinquent  taxes,  at  95  cents  and  6  mills 
each  :  1842. 

John  E.  Hunt  to  John  Zigler,  Julv,  1842. 

John  E.  Hunt  to  Arnold  G.  Sargeiit,  October,  1842. 

F.  A.  Norton  ct  al.  to  Johu  Brownlee,  November.  1842. 

Samuel  Jay  to  Peter  Waterbury,  July,  1842. 

Horace  Waite  to  Fritz  Hellish, 'January,  1842. 

Alex.  II.  Ewing  to  Charles  A.  Lamb,  January,  1842. 

Samuel  Wagner  to  Wm.  H.  Merritt,  March,  1.842. 

J,  E.  Hunt  to  Maumee  City,  10  acres  in  River  Tract  26  (known  as 
the  "  Havnes  Farm'"),  for  Cemetery  or  Burying  (iround. 
May,  1S43. 

Thoma's  S.  Sabin  to  Nicholas  Engel,  May,  1843. 

Elijah  Herrick  to  John  Kinney,  October,  1843. 

Ambrose  .\nlhony  to  S.  Walters  and  G.  W.  Reynolds,  1843. 

John  ¥..  Hunt  to  Daniel  P.  Brown,  .Tune  1843. 

J,  W.  Smith  to  A.  H.  Gear,  November,  1843. 

John  E.  Hunt  to  John  Hale,  Jacob  Sjianglcr,  George  W.  Rey- 
nolds, R.  A.  Forsyth,  R.  H.  Lansdale,  J.  H.  Forsyth  and  J. 
D.  Peekham.  Trustees  of  the  Methodist  Episcfipal  Church. 
Maumee,  tot  15,  block  25,  Hunt's  Addition;  f(jr  use  of  said 
Societv;   July,  1843. 

Johu  E.  Hunt  to  Robert  E.  Davis,  October,  1813. 

John  E.  Hunt  to  Israel  Champion,  l^ebruary,  184C. 

Mathias  Nellis  to  Powell  Cramer,  January,  1844. 

Isaac  Hull  to  .Samuel  Bigclow.  January.  1844. 

Scott  &  Co.  to  John  M.  Allyn,  May,  1844. 

Cliloe  Gibbs  to  John  K.  Cogswell,"  January,  1H44. 

Thomas  Clark  2d  to  .Vmelia  C.  Waite,  .\ngust,  1844. 

Sheriff  to  Charles  Charter.  December,  1844. 

Horace  Waite  to  Wm.  P.  Griswtdd,  December,  1844. 

Daniel  Williams  to  Gideon  S.  Johnson.  August,  1844. 

John  W.  Smith  to  Francis  HoUenbeck,  March,  184.'!. 

J.  Austin  Scott  to  Miami  <'ity,  10  lots  in  block  8.  iu^.Scott  &  Co.V 
Addition  to  Miami  City,"  as  donation  for  a  site  for  School- 
houses,  Churches,  and  "other  public  buildings,  March,  1845. 

William  Sterne  to  Thomas  il.  Lane.  May,  1S45. 

David  Higgins  to  George  L.  Hi.ggins,  Jainmry,  1845. 

The  Sherill'to  .Vrtemesia  Menill,  -Vugust,  1H45. 

R.  H.  Lansdale  to  .\mer  Matthews,  Sejitember,  1843. 

Samuel  Wagner  to  John  ('.  Allen,  October,  1844. 

J.  W.  Smith  to  Coddinglon  S.  Williams,  January,  1844. 

S.  M.  Young  to  Philiii  Hone,  August,  1845. 


WA  YNESFIEI.I)  TOWNSHIP. 


023 


Trustee  ftlellHxlist  Kpisenpal  Cluirrli,  Miiuinee,  to  Jrtt-ob  SviftTi^- 
Icr,  lot  15,  block  23,  Mnumee,  IMS. 

C.  ('.  r.  Ilniil  to  Jolm  Carliss,  Septcniber,  18-15. 

A  mti])  iii  Mauincc  ('it.v  ('einotery  \vas  liloil  b.v  Thomas  Clark '2<1. 
Mayor,  ami  Chaiiucey  Matthews,  Reeonler.  .May  10,  IHJo.  It 
is  situated  in  the  Southwest  corner  of  Itiver  Traet  2G.  of 
riiiti'il  States  Ueserve,  anil  coutains  about  1,8(K)  burial  lots, 
most  of  which  are  l*.;x;lt)  feet  in  size.  Potter's  Field  is  in 
bhuks  of  112  feel  9  inches  by  S  feet. 

Havid  Ladil  to  lieorKC  Eurkliarl,  .Vugnst,  IMG. 

.\ni.is  K.  Pasre  In  Soli>nioii  .lolinson,  Mav,  181". 

(iciiiyc  I'crkins  to  Kdwaril  Mitchell,  March.  1847. 

'riininas  AV.  Gran.^ei-  to  JSarah  (lalley,  .\|iril,  ISIT. 

.Solomon  .lohnson  to  Hartwcll  lioUiies,  Anj^nst,  18-liS. 

I'niied  .'Stales  to  .Tarvis  Gilbert,  I84S. 

Wni.  SI.  Olair  to  Peter  S.  Bell,  February,  181(1. 

,l..bn  liiwr  to  I'alrick  O'Brien,  Aui;ust,  IRIS. 

Alfred  W.  Ilaniiltoii  to  Sanuicl  robb.  October.  1818. 

Estate  of  Thos.^.M.  Lane  to  .\rnnah  11.  Plant,  .lanuary,  ISII. 

Marshal  Key  to  (leorire  Wilbcr,  Novenilier,  1847. 

Henry  II.  Forsyth  t<i  .lames  B.  .^tet  dnian,  t)elober.  1S16. 

Daniel  Foley  to  .lames  ('oney.  March,  1817. 

Wm.  I-'airman  to  Wm.  P.  (iriswold,  March.  1847. 

Elisha  S.  Frost  to  Abner  Backus,  Noveinlier,  1847. 

M.  K.  Waite  to  Jeanuette  Nichols,  April,  1648. 

TOWNSHIP   OFl'ICERS. 

The  following  list  of  Town.sliip  officers  lias 
boon  conqiiled  from  such  records  as  now  exist, 
dating  back  only  to  the  Spring  of  1845  : 

Clerh-fi. — George  Richardson,  1S45-47 ;  Charles  A. 
l.aiub,  1S47-52;  Jame.s  M.  Felt,  I,So2-.>") ;  Charles  A. 
Lainli,  1.S.").3;  James  M.  Felt,  lS.5li;  Noe  Nelson,  1857- 
(;:',;  \V.  B.  Dick,  jr.,  18G3;  Noe  Nelson,  18G4-66 ; 
William  Limbrick,  1806;  J.  F.  Allen,  1867;  Lerov  E. 
Clark,  18(18-70;  J.  F.  Allen,  1870;  J.  D.  Ford,  1871; 
.1.  Henry  Wyman,  1872-74;  W.  B.  Frost,  1874-7G; 
E.  W.  Fasten",  1S7C.;  J.  M.  Wolcott,  1877;  George  R. 
BdSNvorth,  1878;  John  McGovern,  1879;  J.  C.  Allen, 
1881);  II.  D.  J'.nescher,  1881;  J.  H.  MoUenkopf,  1882; 
William  :\Iartin,  1883  ;  J.  M.  Bates,  1884  ;  J.  E.  Wilcox, 
188,-,;  J.  M.  Walcott,  188();  Uri  B.  Taylor,  1887. 

Ti-fasurers. — Robert  A.  Forsvth,  184.1-01 ;  Aiuasa 
C.  Winslow,  1851  ;  Daniel  Lcona'rd,  1852-54  ;  ElishaS. 
Frost,  1854;  Daniel  Leonard,  18-55;  William  Browns- 
berger,  1.85()-58;  Thomas  L.  Clark,  1.S58;  William  P. 
Homer,  18.59;  Arnnah  Plant,  ISliO;  William  Browns- 
berger,  1861-63;  Louis  Kaiser.  18(.>3-65;  Rinaldo  Rob- 
bins,  18G-5-67;  Helon  llorton,  1869-70;  B.  A.  Wright; 
1870-73;  A.  II.  Plant,  1873;  Eldred  W.  Estell,  1874-76; 
J.  H.  Wyman,  1876;  A.  J.  Taylor,  1877;  H.  D. 
Biiescher,  1878;  Louis  Kaiser,  1879;  A.  H.  Plant, 
1880 ;  Patrick  McGovern,  1881 ;  A.  H.  Plant,  1882 ; 
Louis  Kai-ser,  18.83;  J-  C.  Allen.  1884;  P.  McGovern, 
1.8.8-5-87  ;  John  Mollenkopf,  1887. 

Tritslees. — Alexander  H.  Gere,  Michael  Alsbach, 
Elijah  Clark,  1845;  Alexander  II.  Gere,  Horace  F. 
Waile,  Michael  Alsbach,  1846;  John  C.  Allen,  Alex- 
ander II.  Gere,  Horace  F.  AVaite,  1.847  ;  Horace  F. 
Waite,  Daniel  Strayer,  Jonathan  Neeley,  1848;  Ed- 
ward Mitchell,  J.  A.  Scott,  Michael  Alsliach,  1.849; 
Alexander  H.  Gere,  Edward  JNIitchell,  Michael  .'Vis- 
bach,  1.8.50;  Edward  Mitchell,  Johnson  II.  Batcman, 
Curtis  Perry,  1.S51 ;  Freeliorn  Potter,  Curtis  Perry, 
William  Limltrick,  1.852;  Freeborn  Potter,  Jarathmel 
Colbnrn,  Daniel  Cook,  1.8.53;  Jarathmel  Colburn, 
Henderson  W.  Horton,  Ilartlev  Holmes,  1.854  ;  J.  A. 
Scott,  Edward  Mitchell,  Win.  Limbrick,  1.8.55;  Ed- 
ward Mitchell.  Neil  Daniels,  Curtis  Perry.  1.856; 
Joseph  Longendorfer,  Curtis  Perry,  Abner  L.  Backus, 
1857;  Curtis  Perry,  Jo.seph  Langenderfer,  Wni.  Lim- 
brick, 1.858  ;  George  W.  Reynolds,  Alexandei'  II.  Gere, 
Jo.seph  Langenderfer.  1859;  (jeorge  W.  Revnolds, 
Alexander  H.  Gere,  Jarvis  Gilbert,  1.860;  A.  H.  Gere, 
James  Howes,  Fdward  II.  Hunter,  1.861  ;  James 
Howes,  Edward  H.  Hunter,  t'urtis  Perry,  1862;  E.  H. 
Hunter,  G.  W.  Reynolds,  Curtis  Perry,  l,8li:!;  James 
Howes,  0.  Geer,  Wm.  Limbrick,  1.864;  Jlark  Rich- 
ardson, Jacob  Mollenkopf,  M.  Richard  Lungell,  1.S65; 
Mark  Richardson,  Jacob  Mollenkopf,  .M.  R.  Lanzell, 
Mark  Richardson,  F.  Hamilton,  A.  II.  Gere,  1867-68; 


F.  Hiimilton,  A.  H.  Gere,  Louis  Kai.ser,  1.867;  Philip 
Uhlv,  George  lUiskbart,  K.  Htiinilloii,  1.870;  V.  Ham- 
ilton, Philip  Uhlv,  J.  J.  Leith,  1871;  Philip  Uhlv, 
A.  H.  Gere,  E.  II.' Hunter,  1872;  A.  H.  Gere,  E.  H. 
Hunter,  tieorgo  H.  Baker,  1873;  Fred  Kleibe,  A.  H. 
Gere,  K.  II.  Hunter,  1874;  E.  H.  Hnnt«-r,  Fred 
Kleibe,  H.  D.  Buescher,  1.875;  J.  C.  Allen,  T.  O. 
Ragan,  H.  D.  Buescher,  I87l>;  Jacob  Mollcnkepf, 
Fred  Graham,  William  Milton,  1877;  T.  O.  Ragan, 
John  Habb,  llenrv  Borck,  ls7S;  II.  1).  Buescher,  F. 
Hamilton,  John  Raab,  1879;  A.  D.  Williams,  Fred 
Graham,  F.  Hamilton,  1.880;  Williiim  C.  Hull,  C. 
Ro,ia,  B.  Htihn,  1.881;  Charles  Rodd,  Wm.  C.  Hull, 
J.  M.  Harbauer,  b882 ;  Wm.  C.  Hull,  J.  M.  Ilarbauer, 
Charles  Rodd,  1.8.8.'!;  R.  Alden,  Jacob  Mollenkoiif, 
Bennet  Halm,  1884;  John  Harbauer,  AntoniaGignac. 
.lacob  Knerr,  1S55;  Bennet  Ilahn,  .facob  Knerr,  R. 
Alden,  1.8.86;  Patrick  Christie,  1887. 

Justici's  of  the  Pi'dce. — Horatio  Conant,  1.835;  David 
Strayer,  Nathan  Rathbun,  1837  ;  Horatio  Conanl,  I.s:l8; 
Jessup  W.  Scott,  Daniel  Strayer,  1840;  Horatio 
Conant,  1.841  ;  Socrates  H.  Cately,  Daniel  Strayer, 
1.843;  Horatio  Conant,  1.844;  Daniel  Strayer,  1.846; 
Thomas  Clark,  K847 ;  Daniel  Strayer,  1849;  Thomas 
Clark,  Andrew  Young,  1.8.50;  Thomas  Clark,  KS52 ; 
Matthew  McMann,  J^Ioratio  Conant,  Henderson  W. 
Norton,  1.S.53  ;  Horatio  Conant,  Arnnah  Plant,  18.56; 
Smith  Gilbert,  1859;  Helan  Norton,  1.8(>0 ;  Horatio 
Conant,  Smith  Gilbert.  18(i2 ;  A.  II.  Plant,  1863; 
William  Limbrick,  Smith  Gilbert,  18G5  ;  Helan  Nor- 
ton, 18()8;  Theophihis  L.  Clark,  18G9 ;  Smith  Gilbert, 
1870;  Helan  Norton,  1871  ;  T.  L.  Clark.  1,^72;  Smith 
Gilbert,  1873  ;  Helan  Norton,  1.864  ;  T.  L.  Clark,  1875 ; 
I.saac  Jav,  1.876  ;  Albert  Alius,  1.877  ;  T.  L.  Clark,  ls78; 
Albert  Alius,  Henry  G.  Norton,  18.80 ;  T.  L.Clark, 
1881;  J.  E.  Wilco.x,  1.8,82;  Thomas  F.  Dale,  18.83; 
E.  H.  lOckert,  Hiram  Wellze.  18.83 ;  Albert  Alius,  1885 ; 
J.  M.  Wolcott,  J.  E.  W^ilcox,  1.887. 

TAX-PAYERS,  1838. 

Following  is  a  list  of  tlie  persons  assessed  for 
taxation  on  persontil  jjrojierty  in  Wtiyiicslicld 
Township  in  the  iSjiring  of  ISo.S: 

ON    HORSES    AND   CATTLE. 


Alsb.ich,  I\Iichael- 
Allen,  tieorge. 
lilaker,  Achilles. 
Brine,  George. 
Beatty,  Henry  O. 
Beebe,  Levi. 
Bealls,  David. 
Bails,  Williams. 
Bennett,  George  W. 
Black,  Adam. 
Beardsall,  Luke. 
Bunting,  Marminluki 
Bentlev,  David. 
Bird,  Peter. 
Burdo,  Peter. 
Brice,  William. 
Converse,  James  W. 
Carpenter,  Lucius. 
Cha.sc,  Samuel. 
Cochran,  F.  D. 
Camlield,  Clement. 
Charter,  Dennis. 
Cately,  Socrates  H. 
Cable,  George. 
Collins,   Freeman. 
("ass,  Btu'iiard. 
Charter,  Eli. 
Conant,  Horatio. 
Coter,  Conrad. 
Clark,  Alfred. 


Uelllebower,  John. 
Hale,  Jolm. 
Johnson,  George  W. 
Jerome,  .loiia.  H. 
Jackson,  Morris. 
Jack.son,  Kicliard. 
.lohn.son,  Solomon, 
.lohn.son,  .Martial. 
Jobnson,  .Vlmoii  (i. 
.lohnson,  W. 
Jerome,  Levi. 
King,  .Tames. 
Kirtland,  George. 
Kingsburv,  William. 
Kilts,  Eli." 
Kaag,  George. 

Killam, . 

La  Pearl,  Alexander. 
Limbrick,  William. 
Moorehouse,  Silas. 
McNecs,  John. 
Merrick,  A. 
Mandl',  Jiicob. 
Marsh,  Arlemas. 
Pcckham.  J.  D. 
Pierson,  John. 
Pratt,  Amos. 
Porter,  Elhaman. 
Poucher,  l^olomon. 
I'routy,  Dtivid. 


924 


H J.STORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Cluiiu',  Paine. 
Clark,  Elijah. 
Uwiglit,  Dr.  Ansnstus. 
Drummoml,  .Jared. 

Dustin,  . 

Eddy,  Jacob. 
Elliott,  John. 
French,  Wheeler. 
Frost,  Elisha  S. 
Gnagv,  Jacob, 
ttilliert,  S.  L. 
Gilbert,  Jarvis. 
Green,  Augustu.s. 
Glifettc,  Lewis. 
Hazard,  George  S. 
Hunt,  C.  C.  P. 
Hull  &  Keeler. 
Hull,  Lsaac. 
Henderson,  Henry. 
Huhbell,  Daniel. 
Hastings,  Reuben. 
Henrich,  Chester. 
Hanson,  B. 
Horner,  W.  P. 
Holooiub,  Levi. 
Hill,  George  M. 
Hill,  Robert. 
Henderson,  0.  S. 
Hunt,  Benjamin. 
Hunt,  WiUiam. 
Hall,  Joseph. 
Hall,  Elijah. 
Hitchcock,  B.  H. 
House,  Conrad. 
Huhbell,  Hezekiah. 

Zeigl 


Rowen,  Edward. 
Rew.  Fred.  A. 
Rhodes,  David. 
Ralyale,  John. 
Runyon,  W.  L. 
Steele,  Hiram. 
Steiwig,  Samuel. 
Scott,  George  W. 
Scolton,  John. 
Searing,  Samuel. 
Spangle,  Jacob. 
Steele,  Hiram  R. 
Swartz,  Christian. 
Spangle,  Rosanna. 
Strayer,  Michael. 
Strayer,  Peter. 
Strayer,  John. 
Strayer,  Daniel. 
Silver,  Isaac. 
Swartz,  John. 
Trapp,  Andrew. 
Trapp,  John. 
Van  Orden,  William. 
Waldron,  David. 
Wolcott,  James. 
Wagn§r  &  Thompson. 
Waite,  Horace. 
Wilkison,  James. 
Whit(',  Oscar. 
Williams,  A.  D. 
Walters,  John. 
Walters,  Abraham. 
Wilcox,  Marcus. 
Young,  Austin. 
Zook,  Christian, 
er,  John. 


MEHCHANTS'  C.\1>IT.VL,  MONEY  AND  STEAMBOAT  STOCK. 


Acker  &  Kanada. 
Bangs,  John  J. 
Crowell,  Freeman  W. 
Cary.  Austin. 
Day,  John  F. 
Forsyth  tt  Hull. 
(Griffith  &  Tylers. 
Hunt,  John  E. 

Horton, . 

Moorhouso  &  Bromley. 
INLick,  Elisha. 
Ressigne,  R. 
Sargent,  S.  A.  &  J.  H. 
Spencer  &  Moore. 
White,  Ira. 


Williams,  C.  A.  &  A.  D. 
Boyington  &  Gannett. 
Cook,  Daniel. 
Doane,  David  C. 
Forsyth,  James  H. 
Forsyth,  Robert  A. 
Gower  &  Clark. 
Hackley,  A.  S. 
Knaggs,  George  B. 
Mudge,  Edmund. 
Noble,  G.  C. 

Rumney, Richardson  &  Co. 
Scott,  J.  Austin. 
Van  Voorse,  Abram. 
Williams,  O.  &  Co. 


Beatty,  A. 
Lansey,  Peter. 
Scott,  David  B. 


Cook,  Daniel. 

The  above 
persons   then 


PHYSICIANS. 

D wight,  Augustus. 
St.  Clair,  William. 
Van  Avery, . 

LAWYERS. 

Young,  Samuel  M. 


ist.  includes  the, names  of  many 
residents    within    the    territory 
subsequently  set  oiF  to    Monclova  and  Adams 
Townships. 

MAUMEE    CITY. 

Tlie  City  of  Maumee  was  incorporated  in 
March,  LS38,  and  the  first  election  held  on  the 
26th  of  that  month.  Robert  A.  Forsj'th  was 
chosen  Maj'or,  by  a  vote  of  117,  to  50  for  Gen. 
John  E.  Hunt.  The  other  City  officers  were  as 
follows : 


First  Ward:  Councihnen — Robert  A.  Forsyth, 
Daniel  Cook,  Wm.  Kingsbury,  Wm.  St.  Clair' 
Assessor — ^Robert  Gower. 

Second  Ward  :  Council  —  James  Wolcott,  Levi 
Beobe,  Daniel  R.  Stebbins.T.  T.  Woodrnti.  Assessor 
— Ira  White. 

Third  Ward :  Council— J.  Au.stin  Scott,  Geo. 
Kirkland,  Jos.  J.  Bingham,  Geo.  B.  Knaggs.  Assessor 
— Amos  Piatt. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Cit}'  Council,  Marcli  29th, 
the  following  officers  were  chosen,  to  wit :  Pres- 
ident Council,  James  Wolcott;  Treasurer, 
Daniel  Cook;  Recorder,  Henry  Reed,  Jr.; 
Marslial,  F.  B.  Kirtland. 

The  name  of  the  City  corporation  was 
changed  to  South  Toledo  in  1871.  In  July, 
1887,  it  resumed  the  name  of  Maumee,  drop- 
ping the  word  ('itJ^  but  retained  the  City 
organization  as  before. 

The  City  government  for  1887  was  constitu- 
ted as  follows: 

Mayor— J.  M.  Wolcott. 

Treasurer — J.  A.  Mollenkofl'. 

Clerk — F.  D.  Crane. 

Councilmen— 1st  Ward,  P.  Dowling,  J.  J.  Miller; 
2d  Ward,  C.  M.  Scheilv,  J.  A.  Smith  ;  3d  Ward.  F. 
Borck,  H.  S.  Smith. 

Marshal — Philip  Hartman. 

Board  of  Education— John  E.  Wilcox,  President; 
J.  IM.  Wolcott,  Secretary  ;  C.  M.  Schelly,  Treasurer  ; 
Charles  Rodd,  Frank  D.  Crane  and  Coleman  Keeler. 

TRADERS    AT    MAUMEE. 

The  names  of  early  settlers  appear  in  the 
records  of  deeds  and  mortgages  and  many  of 
them  were  actively  engaged  in  the  attempt  to 
make  a  large  Town  out  of  Maumee  as  late  as 
1840  and  for  a  few  j'ears  thereafter.  Some  had 
been  Indian  traders  — as  the  Forsyths  (James 
H.  and  Robert  A.)  and  the  Hunts,  (John  E.  and 
Charles  C.  P.).  Some  were  of  French  origin. 
Geo.  B.  Knaggs  was  a  good  type  of  the  social 
qualities  of  the  French.  And  there  was  old 
La  Point,  a  man  of  largo  stature  and  strong 
frame,  whose  red  flannel  shirt,  open  at  the 
throat,  and  sleeves  rolled  up  to  the  elbows,  dis- 
played the  hairy  ai'ms  and  the  breast  of  a  giant. 
He  was  the  very  figure  of  a  French  grenadier. 
He  did  not  know  his  own  age,  and  seemed  to 
linger  on,  saving  his  strength  and  stalwart 
bearing,  against  the  time  he  should  join  the 
jihantom  files  oi  his  former  companions  and 
march  again  under  his  old  commander. 

In  1838  there  resided  at  Monroe,  Michigan,  a 
certain  Colonel  Anderson,  who  for  some  years 
prior  to  1793  was  British  Indian  Agent,  resi- 
dent at  Fort  Miami.  It  was  said  that  after  the 
battle  of  The  Fallon  Timbers,  August  20,  1794, 
Gen.  Wayne's  victorious  troops  feasted  on 
Indian  corn  raised  by  Col.  Anderson  on  the 
River  bottom  lands  near  the  Fort. 

The  Towns  of  Perrysburg  and  Maumee  City 
had  to  contend  with  a  natural  obstacle  to  navi- 
gation in  the  River  called  the  Rock  Bar.  This 
is  a  bed  of  rock   formed    across  the  River   just 


WAYNESyiELD  TOWNSHIP. 


!)■.'"> 


above  the  site  of  llic  t'oriner  town  of 
Marenyo.  Vessels  drawing  over  six  feet 
could  not  always  be  sure  of  i^assiiig,  and 
when  increasing  commerco  demanded  vessels 
drawing  14  feet,  the  enterprising  and  ho]iefiil 
]ioo])!o  gave  up  the  contest  with  the  Rock 
Har  and  moved  lower  down  the  River.  In  due 
time  the  ])ort  of  Entry  was  moved  to  Toledo 
antl  commerce  b}'  Lake  and  iJiver  at  the  Foot 
of  the  Rapids  pi'actically  ceased. 

SIAUMEE    BUSINESS    DlRECTOllV. 

The  Business  Directory  published  in  the  Ex- 
press in  1837,  furnishes  the  following  names  of 
por.sons  then  in  trade  and  in  the  ]irofes8ions  at 
that  i)lace  : 

Printers— Kced  &  Ilosmers. 

Attorneys— H.  L.  Hosmcr.  Daniel  F.  Cook,  Way 
&  Young,  Xathau  Rathluiu,  Henry  Keed,  Jr. 

Justices  of  the  Peace — N.  Eatlibun,  Horatio  Co- 
nan  t. 

Physicians  and  Surgeons— Justus  Wright,  David 
B.  Scott. 

Forwarding  and  Commission  Merchants — Hunt  & 
Converse,  S.  A.  &  J.  H.  Sargent,  White  &  Kirtland, 
D.  Steele,  For.syth  &  Hazard,  Bingham  &  Furncy. 

Merchants— Spencer  &  JMoore,  Elisha  Mack,  Itan- 
ney,  Hichardson  &  Co.,  O.  Williams,  Acker  &  Kan- 
ady,  Ira  White,  Smith  &  Crowell,  Boynton  &  Gan- 
nett, H.  A.  Hacklev,  A.  Gary,  Gower  &  Clarke. 

Clothing,  A:c.-B.  D.  CofRn.    . 

Groceries  and  Provisions- G.  C.  Noble,  A.  G. 
Williams,  R.  Hastings,  Allen  &  Gibbous,  Griffith, 
Tylers  &  Co.,  James  Howe. 

Watches  and  Jewelry — J.  J.  Bangs. 

Tailors— J.  S.  Meacham,  G.  S.  Case. 

Bakery — John  Cholett. 

Carriage  and  Wagon  Maker— T.  T.  Woodrull. 

Cabinet  and  Chair  Factory— J.  Creed  &  Co. 

Painter  and  Chair  Factory — .J.  WoodrufT. 

Sash  and  Blinds— J.  F.  Shephard. 

Hotels— Jefl'ersou  House,  Wm.  Kingsbury;  Wash- 
ington House,  J.  W.  Converse ;  Central  House,  Allen 
&  Gibbons;  American  House,  Woodruff  &  Clarke. 

In  January,  1839,  the  following  appeared  : 

Forwarding  and  Commission— Smith  &  Co.,  James 
Wolcott  &  Co. 

Hardware,  Hollow  Ware,  &c.— W.  Wiswell. 

Merchants— G.  H.  Nitchie  &  Co.,  G.  \\ .  Kicliard- 
sou. 

Wholesale  Grocers — ^Clark  &  Fargo,  C.  A.  Wil- 
liams. 

Washingtion  House  — Chas.  D.  Foster. 

Central  House — Elijah  Clark. 

TRADE    OF    MAU.MEE     AND    rERRVSIiUKC. 

Until  1833,  the  transportation  business  of 
Maumee  and  Perrysburg  was  done  principally 
by  two  small  Schooners — the  Eagle  and  the 
Guerriere — both  owned  by  John  lloUister  and 
Captain  David  AVilkison  ot  Perrysburg.  During 
that  year  a  small  Steamboat  (the  General 
Brady)  commenced  running  between  these  I"  o 
places  and  Detroit.  In  1834,  the  Steamboat 
Oliver  Newberry,  a  second-class  boat,  made  a 
few  trips  to  those  Towns,  as  did  the  Detroit,  a 
boat  of  the  same  class  and  size.  Two  small 
boats,  the  Gen.  Jackson  and  Major  Downing, 


made  theira]ipearance  the  .samo.season,  running 
to  Detroit,  and  the  Schooner  Merchant  wa.s 
built  and  commenced  making  trips  to  Bufl'alo. 
In  Maj',  1835,  the  Steamer  Com.  Pei-ry,  Capt. 
Wilkison,  came  out.  Several  large  Schooners 
were  built  Between  1835  and  1838,  the  Mon- 
roe and  Olivei-  Newberry  were  purchased,  the 
Gen.  Wayni^  built,  and  otherSteamers  secureil. 
The  Steanilioat  aridvals  at  those  Towns  in  1837 
was  about  300,  and  of  Schoonei-s  103. 

At  that  time  Lake  freights  f  »r  Fort  Wayne, 
Indiana,  came  entirely  via  the  .Maumee  River, 
and  chiefly  Perrysburg  and  Maunu'e;  and  it  i.s 
probable,  that  the  first  combination  for  the 
control  of  transportation  rates,  was  one  of  wliich 
Fort  Wayne  merchants  complained,  at  a  meet- 
ing held  March  25,  1837,  with  Francis  Coni- 
j)aret  in  the  Chair,  and  Joseph  Sinclair  as  Sec- 
retary. Wm.  G.  Ewing  stated  "  the  object  of 
the  meeting  to  be  to  consider  what  course  it 
was  necessary  for  merchants  and  otherff  who 
are  transporting  goods  from  the  East,  to  adopt, 
in  ortler  to  secure  themselves  from  o])])ression 
by  a  combination  of  the  Forwarding  Merchants 
of  IMuumee  and  Perrysburg."  G.  F.  Wriglit 
stated  that  the  rates  referred  to  were  nearly 
100  per  cent,  higher  than  were  chai-ged  at  any 
other  point  on  the  Lake.  Samuel  llanna  re- 
ferred to  the  ruleof  the  Forwarding  Merchants 
requiring  prepayment  of  all  charges  before 
forwarding  projierty.  The  result  of  this  move- 
ment is'  not  recorded. 

NEW'SPArERS. — The  first  newspaper  in  Mau- 
mee was  the  Express,  the  first  number  of  which 
ajijieared  March  25,  1837.  It  was  published 
by  an  association  of  citizens,  for  whom  Calvin 
Frary  acted  as  agent.  The  Editor  was  Henry 
Heed,  Jr.  It  was  a  neat,  well-ju'intod  sheet, 
22x33  inches  in  size,  and  in  tyj)i>graphical  a|)- 
pearance  and  contents  was  specially  creditable 
to  both  Proprietors  and  Editor,  and  to  the 
Town  whose  interests  it  was  intended  to  re])- 
rcscnt.  No  rival  or  neighboring  Town  had  a 
more  creditable  representative  in  its  Press,  than 
did  Maumee  Citv.  After  the  issue  of  six  numbers 
the  name  of  Mr.  Frary  as  Publisher  di.sappeared 
and  that  of  J.  H.  Brown  was  substituted.  That 
gentleman  had  recently  been  connected  with  a 
paper  at  Tiffin.  Two  weeks  later  the  Express 
passed  into  the  hands  of  Henry  Reed,  Jr.,  and 
II.  L.  and  S.  T.  Ilosmer,  the  editorial  de])art- 
ment  remaiinng  with  Mr.  Reed,  Mr.  S.  T. 
Ilo.smer  having  charge  of  the  mechanical 
branch.  Mr.  Reed  and  11.  li.  Ilosmer  were 
then  partners  in  the  practice  of  the  law  at  Mau- 
mee City. 

Tlie  following  ))ersons  were  the  local  agents 
of  the  E.rpress  in  December,  1S38:  Waterville — 
Orson  Dndlej';  Damascus — Abram  P.  Reed; 
Napoleon  — Hazael  Strong;  Florida— H.  Glca- 
son;  Independence — B.  B.  Abell;  Defiance — 
Horace  Sessions;  Bruner.sburg — Brice  Hilton  ; 
Monclova — Daniel  Strayer  ;  Lockport — A,  F. 
Hull. 


92(> 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


It  would  bo  both  impracticable  and  uiiprof- 
itablo  to  follow  the  vaiying  course  of  the  Mau- 
uiee  Press  for  the  half-century  following  its 
advent.  In  common  with  all  Western  Towns, 
it  had  many  newspapers,  published  by  many 
proprietors,  which  in  character  did  not  compare 
unfavorably  witli  others.  After  the  Express, 
came  the  Maumee  River  Times  —  published 
jointly  at  Maumee  and  Porrysburg,  by  II.  T. 
Smith,  which,  in  changed  forms,  was  continued 
until  the  removal  of  the  office  to  Toledo,  in 
1855. 

The  Neic  Era,  publislied  weekly  at  Maumee, 
was  established  in  February,  1872,  by  P.  C. 
Holt  &  Co.,  who  were  succeeded  by  J.  E.  Wil- 
cox. The  latter  conducted  it  until  1881,  when 
the  present  Editor  and  Proprietor,  F.  D.  Crane, 
assumed  the  management.  The  Neic  Era  is 
independent  in  j^olitics  and  devoted  to  news 
and  home  interests. 

Churches.— Itinerant  Methodist  preachers 
were  among  the  early  wliite  Morkers  in  the 
Maumee  Valley,  doing  special  and  temporary 
service ;  but  it  was  not  until  1830,  that  perma 
nent  shape  was  given  to  religious  work  by  that 
denomination.  The  first  Cla.ss  at  Maumee  City 
was  organized  at  the  house  of  James  Jackson 
in  1834,  which  stood  on  the  "  Point"  on  lower 
Broadway.  Mr.  Jackson  came  to  Maumee  in 
1831,  as  an  Indian  Agent,  under  appointment 
of  President  Jaclvson.  The  Society  was  organ- 
ized by  Kev.  E.  H.  Pilcher,  of  the  Michigan 
Conference,  with  Eev.  Elnathan  C.  Gavitt,  now 
of  Toledo,  as  junior  preacher.  The  members 
of  the  Class  were  James  Jackson,  wife  and 
daughter  Maria  (Mrs.  Dr.  Oscar  White,  of  To- 
ledo), Mrs.  Mary  S.  Hunt  (wife  of  General  J. 
E.  Hunt),  and  Miss  Sophia  Hedges  (Mrs.  Henry 
S.  Comniager,  of  Toledo).  Jacob  Spangler 
united  the  following  year.  The  first  house  of 
of  worship  for  this  Church  was  built  in  1837, 
with  subscription.s  obtained  in  1830,  bj'  Eev. 
L.  B.  Gurley,  then  the  Presiding  Elder — Eev. 
Orrin  Mitchell  being  the  preacher  when  the 
building  was  erected.  To  that  time  services 
were  held  in  the  School-house  built  in  1822  or 
'23.  The  first  parsonage  at  Maumee  and  in  the 
Valle}'  was  erected  in  1844,  but  was  not  long 
occupied  as  such.  It  yet  stands  at  the  corner 
of  Dudley  and  Williams  Streets.  The  second 
parsonage  (now  in  use)  was  built  in  1848,  Eev. 
Wm.  S.  Lunt  being  then  the  Pastor.  Eev. 
David  Burns  was  the  first  Mini.ster  who  resided 
at  Maumee.  On  the  occasion  of  the  celebration 
of  the  lOOth  anniversary  of  Methodism  in  Eng- 
land (in  1838),  §41.50  was  collected  from  the 
Maumee  Church  as  a  centennial  fund,  beside 
the  donation  of  a  lot  by  General  Hunt  and  wife 
for  a  pai-sonage.  Until  1856  the  Maumee 
Church  stood  first  in  the  Maumee  District, 
after  which  time  Toledo  took  precedence. 

On  the  occasion  of  the  re-union  of  the  Water- 
ville  and  Maumee  Churches,  at  the  latter  place, 
in  September,  1875,  Eev.  T.  N.  Barkdull   fur- 


nished many  facts  of  the  early  historj' of  Meth- 
odism in  the  Maumee  Valley.  At  that  time  there 
were  living  many  pioneer  Methodists  of  that 
region,  including  the  following:  Mrs.  Almira 
Forsyth,  daughter  of  Isaac  Hull,  who  came  to 
Maumee  in  1815;  Mrs.  Marj-  S.  Hunt;  Mrs. 
Eliza  M.  Horton  ;  Jacob  Spangler  and  wife  ; 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Neelej-,  who  came  in  1841  ;  Geo. 
W.  Eeynolds,  who  came  in  1841 ;  and  Mrs. 
Frances  W.  Hull,  who  united  in  1842. 

The  Presbyterian  Church  at  Maumee  Cit}' 
was  organized  in  1820,  and  its  semi-centennial 
was  recognized  January  23, 1870,  at  which  time 
but  one  of  the  original  members  survived — Dr. 
Horatio  Conant. 

In  a  letter  dated  Maumee  City,  March  8, 
1838,  Levi  Beebc,  a  prominent  business  man 
of  that  place,  wrote  hissonin-law,  Elizur  Fair- 
man,  Brownville,  Jefferson  County,  New  York, 
on  the  subject  of  the  latter's  coming  to  Maumee 
to  open  a  Hardware  Store,  of  which  there  was 
none  there  at  that  time.  Mr.  Beebe  set  forth 
the  advantages  of  the  locality  in  strong  terms. 
He  owned  several  business  buildings,  one  of 
which  he  had  just  leased  to  a  (Jolumbus  firm. 
There  were  then  50  new  buildings  being  gotten 
under  way.  All  mechanics  and  laborers  were 
eniploj-ed.  The  Episcopal  Church,  at  the  upper 
end  of  the  Town,  was  being  constructed;  the 
Methodist  edifice  nearly  completed  ;  the  Pres- 
b3-terian  Church  expected  Eev.  Mr.  Eeed,  then 
at  Tiffin,  to  become  its  Pa.stor  ;  while  a  deep 
religious  interest  pervaded  the  Town.  Mr. 
Parker  (a  brother  of  Joel  Parker,  of  Mas.sachu- 
setts),  was  then  tem])orarily  preaching  in  the 
Presbyterian  Church.  Mr.  Beebe  was  that 
year  a  representative  to  the  Presb}*terian  Gen- 
eral Assembly  from  the  Maumee  Presbytery. 

The  City  in  1888  had  five  Churches— St. 
Joseph's  (Catholic)  Church,  Pastor,  Eev.  J.  P. 
Mertes;  St.  Paul's  (Ej)iscopal),  supplied  by 
Eev.  G.  S.  May,  of  Defiance;  Presbyterian 
Church,  Stated  S;ipply,  Eev.  Mr.  Hustis;  Meth- 
odist Episcopal,  Eev.  Wm.  V.  Marsh,  Pastor; 
Lutheran  Church,  supjilied  from  Pei'rysburg. 
A  Baptist  Church  existed  here  for  some  time, 
but  was  disbanded. 

Masons.— Northern  Light  Lodge, No.  40,  F. 
and  A.  M.,  was  chartered  December  12,  1818, 
the  charter  being  signed  by  Chester  Griswohl, 
G.  M.  The  chai'ter  members  were  Eber  Ward, 
Almon  Gibbs,  William  Gi-ifHth,  S.  H.  Thurston, 
Charles  Gunn,  Sheldon  Johnston,  David  John- 
ston, 'William  Preston,  J.  C.  Adams.  Cannot 
find  any  record  of  officers  until  June  12,  1822, 
when  we  have  the  following — Horatio  Conant, 
W  M.;  John  T.  Baldwin,  S.  W.;  E.  McKnight, 
J.  W.;  Ambrose  Eice,  Secretary;  David  M. 
Hawly,  Tyler.  Present  officers  :  J.  H.  Wvman, 
W.  M.;  O.'N.  Gunn,  S.  W.;  William  Perin,  J. 
W.;  S.  Spanlding,  S.  D.;  John  Binckley,  J.  D.; 
H.  B.  Lautzenheiser,  Secretar}' ;  George  H. 
Blaker,  Treasurer;  J.  E.  Wilcox,  Tyler. 

Odd    Fellows. — Maumee   Lodge,   No.    682, 


f 


f 


WAYNESFIELD  TOWNSHIP. 


!I27 


was  iiislitulod  Jul}-  17,  187!).  Cliartor  officers: 
J.  V.  Fleming,  N.  G.;  Eobort  Alvius,  V.  G.; 
Louis  Woltinger,  Secretary;  and  Aiuirew  Nuh- 
foi-,  Treasurer.  Present  officers:  Andrew  2s  iili- 
ler,  X.  G.:  C.  H.  Gumer,  V.  G.;  ().  C.  Geere, 
IJecording  Secretary;  Henry  Aljn, Permanent 
Secretary.     Members,  90. 

BANKING    IN    MAUMEE. 

As  clsewliore  stated,  the  first  Uank  of  issue 
in  Lucas  County,  was  the  Bank  of  JManliallan, 
oi-gaiiized  and  acting  under  an  alleged  charter 
by  a  body  calling  itself  the  Legislature  of  the 
Slate  of  Michigan,  but  which  had  no  legal  ex- 
istence as  such.  The  second  Banking  institu- 
tion in  the  County,  and  the  first  one  legally 
org.uiized,  was  the  Mauniee  Citj-  Insurance 
Company  Bank,  at  Maumee.  It  was  chartered 
bj-  the  OhioLegislature  in  18H8,  with  a  ca]iital 
stock  of  S250,(i(l0,  in  shares  of  SldO  each.  The 
stockholders  were  as  Ibllows  : 

Names.                                                 iVo.  S/Hnef.  Ainmivt. 

Sani'l  K.  I'agc,  Kentiipkv .500  S.iO.OOO 

,Iolm  Euiiiick    Konliukv 25ii  -JS  KW 

John  Stivers,  Kentuckv 230  25,000 

James  Giithrif.  Kentucky 100  10,(H10 

Josu'h  T.  Guthrie,  Kentucky 310  21,000 

Francis  C.  FiUay,  Kentuckv KiO  10,U()0 

Panic.  Fillav,  Kentuckv 100  10.(HiO 

Nnhain  Aldrich,  Kentuckv 50  n.OOO 

I'hilo  H.  Taylor,  Fort  Wavne 100  10,000 

James  H.  Forsvth.  ^^aumee 183  1S,:!00 

Elisha  Mack,  Mauniee 48.5  48..500 

Chas.C.  P.  Hunt.  Maumee 40  4.000 

(Jeo.  B.  Knaggs,  Maumee 2  200 

Robert  A.  Forsvth,  Manmee 10  l.tiOO 

Thomas  Clark.  Manmce 1(1  l.ocd 

Will.  Kicharilson,  Maumee 10  I.OIIO 

Nicholas  .\rthur  &  Son,  JIauniee 50  ri.tKX) 

H.  A.  Carpenter,  Maumee 50  5.1KK1 

2,500  8850,000 

As  seen  above,  the  cntei-prise  was  mainlj'  in 
the  hands  of  Kentuck3-  parties — largely  from 
Louisville,  they  representing  two-thirds  of  the 
c;i]iital  stock.  It  was  organized  with  James 
H.  Forsj-th  as  President,  and  J.  T.  Guthrie  as 
Cashier.  Of  the  stock,  five  per  cent.  (§12,500), 
was  paid  in,  constituting  the  working  capital 
of  the  Bank,  which  went  into  operation  in  i8l!8. 
The  disastrous  financial  condition  then  com- 
mon to  the  entire  country,  and  esjiecially  to 
the  West,  left  but  a  small  field  for  the  opera 
tion  of  such  an  institution,  and  November  14, 
1839,  it  was  placed  in  the  hands  of  M.  R.  Waite 
and  Elisha  Mack,  for  liquidation,  and  by  them 
was  closed  up.  The  question  of  theauthority  of 
the  Company  to  issue  bills  for  circulation  was 
raised  in  the  Courts,  and  is  uiider.stood  to  have 
been  decided  in  the  negative. 

Four  denominations  of  bills-Sl  00,  S2.00, 
13.00  and  S5.00 — were  issued,  ]iayable,  respec- 
tively, to  Horatio  Conant,  John  H.James  (of 
Urbana,  Ohio),  John  Ilollister  (of  Perrysburg), 
and  John  E.  Hunt  or  order.  Of  the  ?5.00 
bills,  as  high  in  number  as  20,722,  had  been 
prepared  March  4,1839,  makinga  total  of  §103,- 
610  of  that  denomination. 


PROPOSED    FI'EKII.I.JIENT   OF   rONTRACT. 

The  competition  between  the  Tow^ns  which 
in  l.s3(i  were  struggling  into  existeiico  on  the 
Maumee,  stai'ted  a  ([uostion  as  to  where  the 
"llciid  of  Navigation  "  of  the  River  for  l^ake 
cralt  was  to  become  finally  fixed.  As  a  curi- 
osity ot  the  times,  a  notice  in  liio  .Ahiumoe 
Express,  published  in  February,  1838,  is  given. 
It  ajipears  that  at  that  time  :i  petition  was  cir- 
ciihited  at  Maumee  City  iind  Perrysburg,  ask- 
ing the  Legislature  tobuild  a  Canal  from  Man. 
haittan  to  the  Foot  of  the  Rajiids,  to  be  connected 
with  Penysburg  by  an  acqueduct.  This  Canal 
was  to  be  20  feet  deeii  and  200  feet  wide. 

The  propriety  of  this  measure  was  ur;{cil  by  the 
petitioners  on  the  l^cfrislaturc  on  .several  prrouuds, 
one  iif  which  was,  that  they  were  owners  of  hiiul  at 
Maumee  and  riiTy.sburg  and  residents  of  tliose 
Towns;  that  they  hiid  ptirehaseil  the  lands  on  which 
they  lived  at  high  prices  from  the  Stale  of  Ohio  and 
made  costly  improveineiits  thereon,  in  the  finii  belief 
tluit  said  Towii.s  wen' at  the  head  of  iiavi.i,'ation  of  the 
Maumee  Kiver,  and  thereby  a  contract  was  implied 
between  the  petitiuneis  anil  tlie  State  of  Ohio,  that 
the  said  River  would  be  iuivij;able  for  I.aUe  Vessels 
to  said  Towns.  They  tlierefore  asked  tlial  "  the  said 
Towns  be  made  the  head  of  navigation,  according  to 
the  terras  of  the  contract  before  set  forth  ;  "  and  this 
they  did  "the  more  boldly,  because  they  were  aware 
that  the  people  of  the  Towns  of  Toledo  and  Manhat- 
tan made  their  settlements  at  those  places  under  the 
belief  that  the  ^fauiiiee  liiver  was  not  navigable  to 
any  iioint  above;  and  that  in  consideration  of  such 
lieiief  and  the  implied  contract  deiieiiding  thereon, 
the  servants  of  the  people  have  solemnly  de<'lared 
that  tlie  said  Towns  of  Toledo  and  Manhattan  are  at 
the  liead  of  navigation  aforesaid  ;  and  that  every  act 
of  your  petioners  tending  to  iirove  to  the  contrary, 
is  a  sin  against  them  and  an  insult  to  the  sovereign 
State  of  Ohio  in  the  persons  of  her  faitlifid  and  disin- 
terested officers. "  <  In  such  grounds,  the  petitioners 
asked  the  State  to  Iniild  the  Sliip  Canal  to  teeptlie 
Tow  ns  of  I'eriy.sburg  and  Mauniee  at  the  head  of 
navigation,  according  to  the  terms  of  "  tlie  implied 
contract,  aforesaid."  The  editor  of  the  L'.rprfss  ap- 
pears to  have  had  little  hope  of  the  success  of  this 
movement.  The  names  of  the  authors  and  pmnio- 
ters  of  this  iietition  are  not  lueiitioiicd.  This  relic 
of  the  luist,  testifies  to  the  local  feeling  formerly  pre- 
vailing among  rival  settlements  on  the  ISiver. 

ri'l'KR    MAIMEF,    NAVHIATION. 

In  June,  1S37,  tiiqieared  the  tmnouneement 
that  the  Steamboat  tien.  Wayne,  C'apt.  IL  C. 
Williams,  would  "leave  the  head  ol  the  Ra]iid,s 
every  day  at  1  p.  m,  for  the  foot  of  I''lat  IJock, 
where  there  would  be  coaches  and  teams  to 
convej'  passengers  and  freight  to  Defiance." 
Passengers  leaving  Maumee  City  and  Perrys- 
burg in  the  morning,  arrived  at  Defiance  same 
day.  Returning,  left  Defiance  at  G  A.  M.,  and 
reached  the  head  of  the  Raiii<ls  at  12  m.,  wliero 
coaches  wore  ready  for  .Maumee  and  I'errys- 
burg.  Also,  "a  Barge  fitted  uj)  for  ]>asseiiger8 
or  IVeight,"  left  Defiance  every  Friday  for  Fort 
Wayne,  running  through  in  three  days.  Du- 
ring high  water,  the  Steamboat    ran   between 


I 


928 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


tlie  licad  of  tlie  Kapids  and  Fort  Wayne.  The 
agents  of  the  line  were  O.  H.  Han-is,  Provi- 
dence ;  G.  C.  Mudgett  &  Co.,  BrunerRburg; 
and  White  &  Kirtland  and  S.  A.  &  J.  H.  Sar- 
gent, Maumee  Citj'. 

Beside  this  Steamboat  route,  was  a  daily 
through  Stage-line  between  Maumee  City  and 
l)efianec.     Tlie  mail  passed  twice  a  week. 

INITIAL    FACTS. 

The  first  Post  Office  North  of  the  Maumee, 
was  located  at  Maumee  Citj'  in  1817.  The 
names  of  tiie  earliest  Postmasters  now  remem- 
bered are  those  of  Charles  C.  P.  Hunt  and 
George  W.  Woodward.  Tiie  former  was  Post- 
master in  1833,  and  was  succeeded  by  the   fol- 

l(jwing:    George    W.   Woodward,   Wire, 

Daniel  Williams,  P.  C.  Holt,  Leroy  E.  Clarke, 
E.  C.  Moore,  John  A.  Church. 

The  Wolcott  dwelling,  built  bv  James  Wol- 
cott,  one  of  the  pioneers  of  the  Maume  Valley, 
in  1834-36,  stands  on  the  North  bank  of  the 
river  at  Fort  Miami.  Tiie  situation  is  sightly, 
overlooking  Perrysburg  on  the  opposite  bank. 
The  building  is  somewhat  antiquated  in  style 
compared  with  modern  architecture — two 
stories  high,  about  28x40  feet  in  size,  with  a 
portico  supported  by  turned  columns  in  front. 
The  structure  is  built  of  hewed  logs,  clapboard- 
ed  on  the  outside  and  lathed  and  pla.stered 
within.  Samuel  Wagner,  now  living  in  Toledo, 
worked  on  this  house  in  1S3().  The  columns 
wei'o  turned  b\-  a  Mr.  McMurray,  who  had  a 
Chair  Sho])  on  Mi'.  Wolcott's  place.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Wolcott  lived  and  died  in  this  old  man- 
sion. (She  was  a  daughter  of  Captain  Wells, 
a<lo]ited  son  of  the  famous  Chief,  Jjittle  Turtle.) 
Their  daugliter  Mary,  widow  of  the  late  George 
Gilbert,  now  resides  at  the  mansion. 

There  is  yet  standing  on  the  bank  of  the 
Maumee  River,  and  on  the  farm  of  Coleman  I. 
Keelcr,  about  one  mile  below  Maumee,  the 
oldest  fi-ame  building  in  the  Maumee  Valley'. 
It  is  a  two-story  dwelling,  and  was  erected  by 
Whitmore  Knaggs,  of  Detroit,  in  1818.  Dr. 
Horatio  Conant  and  John  J.  Leavitt  were  the 
first  white  persons  who  ever  slept  in  the  build- 
ing. They  came  up  the  River  in  a  small  sail- 
boat, reaching  the  mouth  of  Swan  Creek  in  the 
night.  Adverse  winds  and  the  darkness  of  the 
night  prevented  them  from  proceeding  with 
their  vessel,  and  thev  cast  anchor,  but  con- 
cluded to  walk  up  through  the  wood.s  to  Mau- 
mee. On  arriving  at  this  house,  then  in  pro- 
cess of  erection,  having  encountered  so  many 
difficulties  on  their  journey,  they  resolved  to 
make  up  a  bed  of  the  shavings  and  remain  in 
tlie  new  building  until  morning.  The  Doctor 
said  they  slept  soundly,  and  in  the  morning 
proceeded  to  the  completion  of  their  journey. 
It  was  the  first  time  Mr.  Leavitt  had  been  "to 
Maumee,  but  the  Doctor  had  theni-esided  there 
about  18  months.     This  old   building  is  yet  a 


sulistantial  looking,  old-style  farm-house,  and 
with  proper  care  might  be  made  to  last  well 
toward  another  half  century. 

PIONEERS    OP    WAYNESPIELD. 

Previous  to  the  War  of  1812,  there  were  a 
few  American  settlers-  in  the  Township, 
among  whom  were  theEwings — Samuel  Ewing 
and  his  brothers- whose  names  appear  in  the 
carl3'  records.  Ephraim  Learning  was  in  the 
Township  and  had  built  a  Saw-Mill  on  Swan 
Creek,  at  what  is  now  the  Village  of  Moii- 
clova,  before  the  war.  When  the  war  broke 
out  the  Indians  drove  him  away  and  burned  his 
mill;  but  he  returned    and   rebuilt  it  in  1817. 

Among  the  early  settlers  were  Whitmore 
Knaggs,  Jeremiah  Johnson,  Almon  Gibbs, 
James  Wolcott,  (who  married  the  daughter  of 
Captain  Wells,  being  the  grand-daughter  of 
the  fiimous  Chief,  Little  Turtle),  Gen.  John  E. 
Hunt,  Robert  A.  Forsyth,  James  Gilbert,  Ben- 
jamin Farnsworth,  William  Kingsbury,  Sam- 
uel Couch,  Huntington  Larabee,  Samuel  Cass, 
W.  M.  Hickox,  William  Beals,  James  Wilkin- 
son, Norman  C.  Baldwin,  George  B.  Knaggs, 
Horatio  Conant,  Isaac  Hull,  and  many  others. 
Personal  sketches  of  some  of  the  more  promi- 
nent of  the  early  settlers  are  given  below 

George  B.  Knaggs  was  one  of  the  well 
known  people  of  the  Townshi]i  in  early  days. 
He  owned  and  oecujiied  land  adjoining  Miami. 
His  father,  Whitmore  Knaggs,  was  a  noted 
Indian  Interpreter  and  .spoke  six  or  seven 
Indian  languages,  besides  English  and  I-french. 
He  resided  at  Detroit  at  the  time  of  Hull's 
surrender.  He  was  known  to  have  great  in- 
fiuence  with  the  Indians,  and  to  be  loyal  to  the 
United  States;  therefore,  he  was  ordered  by 
the  British  Commandant  to  leave,  and  there- 
upon joined  the  first  Corps  of  our  Army  that 
advanced  to  the  frontier.  He  was  guide  to 
General  Winchester,  and  was  at  the  massacre 
of  the  River  Raisin,  -where  he  barelj'  escaped 
death.  An  Indian  w;irrior  whom  Knaggs  had 
befriended,  interfered  for  his  protection.  Cajit. 
Knaggs  died  about  1835,  at  his  farm  near 
Detroit.  His  widow,  Mrs.  Josette  Knaggs, 
whose  maiden  name  was  Labadie,  and  who 
was  of  French  descent,  survived  him,  and  died 
at  Detroit  October  30,  1852.  Capt.  Knaggs 
was  at  the  battle  of  the  Thames,  and  saw 
Tecumsch  when  he  approached  Col.  Richard  M. 
Johnson,  and  saw  the  latter  shoot  "  The  King 
of  the  Woods,"  as  Tecumseh  called  himself. 
A  brother  of  Capt.  Knaggs,  who  lived  on  the 
River  Raisin,  and  a  neighbor  named  Labadie, 
were  also  there,  an<l  brought  Colonel  Johnson 
off  the  field  when  wounded.  George  B.  had  two 
brothers,  John  and  James  W.  His  grand- 
father George  Knaggs,  was  an  officer  in  the 
British  Armv  and  was  living  in  Fort  Miami 
when  Whitmore  Knaggs  was  born  there. 
George  Brown  Knaggs  was  a  man  of  agreeable 


I 


t(^^ 


WAYNESFIELD  TOWNSHIP. 


020 


social  (lisposilion,  and  liis  fine  presence  and 
French  accent  made  liim  a  marked  figure  at  all 
social  gatherings. 

In  1829,  Col.  John  H.  Ivinzie,  then  sub- 
Indian  Agent  of  the  Winnebagoes,  was  mar- 
ried with  Miss  Juliette  A.  Wolcott,  a  relative 
of  Judtre  James  Wolcott  of  Maumee  Uity,  and 
grand-daughter  of  Oliver  AVolcott,  Secretar}' 
of  War  under  President  Washington.  They 
first  went  to  Fort  Winnebago,  at  the  portage 
between  the  Fox  and  the  Wisconsin  Eivers, 
where  they  remained  for  a  year  or  two,  and 
I'emoved  to  Fort  Howard,  at  Green  Bay.  In 
18o4  the}'  went  to  Chicago,  then  a  village  of 
(iOO  whites,  among  several  thousand  Indians. 
From  the  first  Mrs.  Kenzie  so  fully  de- 
voted her.selfto  the  moral  and  religious  well- 
being  of  the  people  aI)out  hei',  that  in  a  sketch 
ot  her  life  it  was  stated  that  "  no  woman  in  the 
Northwest  was  more  widely  known  than 
Juliette  Kinzie,"  and  that  when  the  history  of 
the  early  days  of  Chicago  should  be'  written, 
"  her  life  ami  labors  as  a  member  of  Christ's 
Church  ;  as  a  woman  of  the  highest  culture, 
most  refined  taste  ;  as  a  faithful  wife,  devoted 
mother,  kind  and  generous  neighbor  and  true 
American  lad}',  would  illuminate  its  brightest 
pages." 

Col.  Anderson,  British  Indian  Agent,  for 
many  3'ears  stationed  at  Fort  Miami,  resided  at 
Monroe,  Michigan,  in  1838.  Ho  was  on  the 
Maumee  River  for  some  years  previous  to  1793. 
It  was  said  to  have  been  Indian  corn  raised  by 
him  on  which  Gen.  Wayne's  troops  feasted 
after  taking  the  Fort,  in  1791. 

Hiram  P.  Barlow  came  to  the  JIaumee  Valley 
in  181G,  and  settled  at  Orleans  (Fort  Meigs!) 
He  taught  a  School  there  during  the  Winter  of 
1810-17,  and  is  believed  to  liave  been  the  first 
School  teacher  of  the  Maumee  Valley.  After- 
wards he  took  a  farm  at  Presque  Isle,  near  the 
Turkey  Foot  Rock,  where  he  built  a  house.  He 
married  a  daughter  of  Victory  Jeuison,  an 
early  settler  at  the    Foot  of  the    Rapids. 

Isaac  Hull  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  the 
Maumee  Valley.  He  came  West  from  Massa- 
chusetts about  1801,  with  his  father,  who  was  a 
brother  of  Governor  Hull  of  Michigan. 
Daniel  Hull  a  brother  of  Isaac,  was  the  first 
Sherifl:'  of  Wood  County.  Isaac  H\dl,  in  1827, 
was  married  with  Chloe  Spafford,  daughter  of 
Major  Samuel  Spafford,  Avho  was  prominent  in 
the  War  of  1812.  His  powers  of  physical  en- 
durance were  extraordinary,  behaving  walked 
"  between  suns"  (in  one  day)  from  Maumee  to 
Defiance,  a  distance  of  50  miles.  He  died  at 
Maumee  Cit}-  in  December,  1864,  leaving  his 
widow  and  two  sons  -  S.  S.  and  W.  R.  Hull. 


DANIEL  F.  COOK.  Few  names  have  been 
longer  identified  with  the  history  of  Lucas 
County,  than  has  that  of  Daniel  F.  Cook,  who 
for  more  than  50  years  has  resided  at  Maumee. 


He  was  born  in  Waterville,  Maine,  September 
5,  1814.  His  father,  Daniel  Cook,  was  born  in 
Kingston,  Massachusetts,  in  1785,  which  Town 
originall}^  was  part  of  PI\-mouth  ;  he  tracing 
his  ancestry  directly  back  to  the  Pilgrim 
Fathers.  In  1809  he  was  graduated  at  Bi-own 
University;  studied  medicine,  and  in  1S12 
was  a])pointed  a  Surgeon  in  the  rniled  States 
Army,  serving  in  .Maine.  Altei'  the  War,  ho 
practiced  his  profession  at  Waterville  for  a 
time,  wdien  he  engaged  in  mercantile  and 
banking  jiursuits,  continuing  the  same  until 
failing  health  made  necessary  a  change  both  of 
business  and  climate.  In  1834  he  came  W-esl, 
and  located  at  Maumee  Cit}',  as  the  point  most 
fully  meeting  the  demands  of  his  case.  His 
family  then  consisted  of  his  wife  and  three  chil- 
dren. Of  these,  a  daughter,  Clara  Ann  Neal,  in 
February,  1835,  was  married  at  Waterville, 
Maine,  with  W.  B.  S  Moore,  subseiiuently 
Ignited  States  Senator  from  that  Slate.  She 
died  in  1853.  Two  sons,  Charles  and  Daniel 
F.,  accompanied  their  parents  to  the  West. 
At  that  time  Maumee  was  regarded  as  the 
most  promising  place  oCall  tlu;  .^Iaunlec  Valley. 
There  Mr.  Cook  passed  the  i-oniaining  years  of 
his  life,  dying  in  1803,  at  the  ago  of  78  years. 
His  widow  survived  him  but  five  years. 
Charles  was  long  a  merchant  at  Maumee,  where 
he  died  in  1852.  Daniel  F.  Cook  was  gradu- 
ated in  1833  at  Waterville  (Maine)  College, 
now  Colby  University.  In  1834  be  entered 
Harvard  Law  School,  spending  there  two  years. 
Returning  to  Maumee  in  18.35,  he  was  about  a 
year  thereafter  admittcil  to  the  Bar  of  Ohio, 
and  commenced  his  jirof'essional  life  at  that 
place.  In  1845  he  was  aiimitted  to  |>ractice  in 
the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  u|)on 
the  motion  of  Judge  E.  D.  Potter,  then  Rejire- 
sentative  in  Congress  from  this  District.  The 
local  contemporaries  of  Mr.  Cook  in  the  early 
years  of  his  practice  included  Samuel  M. 
Young,  Morrison  R.  Waite,  Hez.  L.  Hosmer, 
Thomas  Dunlap  and  Horace  F.  Waite.  The 
vigorous  period  of  his  practice  continued  until 
the  removal  of  the  st!at  of  justice  from  Maumee 
to  Toledo,  in  1852,  although  he  jiursued  the 
same  until  18(J5.  Meanwhile,  he  directed  his 
attention  to  dealing  in  real  estate,  with  which 
and  with  farming  interests  he  has  been  for 
many  years  largely  identified  in  both  Lucas 
and  Wood  Counties — his  ])resent  agi'icultural 
holdiuffs  asirreiratiu!;  28  farms.  In  1854  Mr. 
Cook  was  ap])ointed  a  (  ommissioner  of  the 
County  and  in  1855  was  elected  to  the  same 
office,  serving  until  1858.  He  has  frcipu'ntly 
sei'vcd  his  neighbors  in  local  official  ])ositi<>ns, 
including  those  of  Councilman  and  City  Alloi-- 
nej' for  several  j'cars ;  while  for  three  terms 
he  was  an  efficient  member  of  the  Board  of 
Rducation.  In  his  earlier  years  he  was  active 
in  ]>olitical  matters,  in  which  he  took  much 
interest.  Jn  1  8li(;  he  joined  Mr.  K.  B.  .Mitchell 
in   fountlin<r   the    lianking    House   of  Cook  iV 


930 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Mitchell,  will)  whicli  ho  remaiiicil  until  1872. 
The  test  of  character  involved  in  an  active  life 
of  half  a  centurj^,  such  as  Mr.  Cook  has  been 
called  to  meet,  is  one  which  could  be  borne  by 
true  merit  only.  The  many  who  have  had 
business  relations,  and  the  many  who  have  en- 
joyed social  contact  with  him,  will  bear  cheer- 
ful witness  to  iiis  unswerving  integrity  in  the 
one  sphere,  and  to  his  kindly  and  generous 
spirit  in  the  other,  where  the  genial  impulses 
find  lullest  expression.  His  energies  and  his 
means  have  always  been  quick  in  response  to 
demands  in  behalf  of  enterprises  looking  to  the 
public  good  ;  while  in  the  domain  of  private 
life,  his  course  has  been  one  of  quiet,  unobtru- 
sive citizenship.  So,  it  is  safe  to  say,  that  the 
name  of  Daniel  Francis  Cook  ma\-  justly  have 
place  among  the  ))ioneers,  to  whom  Lucas 
County  ever  will  be  indebted  for  its  advance  in 
growth  and  prosperity.  Mr.  Cook  was'married 
with  Mrs.  Abby  (Bosworth)  Frost,  at  Mauniee, 
November  10,  1858.  She  was  born  in  Genesee 
County,  New  York,  July  11, 1818,  and  died  Feb 
ruary  12,  1888.     No  children  arc  now  living. 


Dr.  Horatio  Conant  came  to  the  Valley 
and  settled  at  Maumee  City  in  1816.  He 
was  one  of  the  first  regular  members  of  tiie 
medical  profession  to  settle  at  the  Foot  of  the 
Eapids.  His  ride  extended  Irom  Fort  Wayne 
on  the  Southwest  to  Fort  Ball  on  the  Bast,  and 
to  the  Eivcr  Eaisin  on  the  North  The  small 
hamlets  scattered  over  the  vast  unoccupied  ex- 
panse of  the  Valley  at  that  time  had  no  one  else 
to  look  to  for  help  in  sickness.  The  Indian  ti-ail 
was  tiie  only  highwaj'  through  the  unbroken 
forests  and  wide  sjireading  swamps.  A  physi- 
cian's visit  might  mean  an  absence  from  home 
of  days,  and  might  involve  the  loss  of  a  horse 
and  saddle-bags — to  say  nothing  of  losing  one's 
way — and  all  the  exposure  to  inclement 
weather  and  the  hardships  of  camping  out  in 
the  wilderness.  No  bridges  crossed  the 
streams.  The  traveler  lorded  or  swam  them, 
and  was  forced  to  make  long  detours  around 
impassable  swamps.  To  all  these  require- 
ments of  the  time,  the  good  Doctor  was  always 
ready  to  respond.  It  is  safe  to  say,  he  was 
known  and  welcomed  in  every  settlement  and 
log  cabin  through  all  the  region  above  indi- 
cated as  a  very  present  help  in  time  of  trouble. 
(Further  mention  of  Dr.  Conant  is  made  on 
on  pages  541-544.) 

John  Brownlee  died  at  Maumee  City,  De- 
cember 27,  18(53.  He  went  to  that  place  in 
1836,  and  engaged  in  business  with  his  brother 
Alex.  B.  In  1843,  ho  came  to  Toledo,  and  en- 
tered the  firm  of  Ludlow,  Babcock  it  Brownlee. 
Afterwards  he  was  in  the  firm  of  Brownlee, 
Pendleton  &  Co.  He  was  well  esteemed  in 
business  circles  and  I'lscwhere.  His  age  at 
death  was  49. 

Eobert  A.  Forsyth    died    at    Maumee  City, 


November  25,  1864,  aged  GO^ycars.  He  was  a  . 
native  of  Michigan  and  came  to  Maumee  at  an 
early  date,  having  commenced  business  there 
as  a  merchant,  in  1816.  He  was  a  man  of 
unusual  ability  and  integrity.  His  religious 
character  was  well  established  by  a  long  and 
consistent  life. 


JOHN  CHURCH  ALLEN  was  born  in  Mar- 
tha's    Vineyard,    Massachusetts,   January    27, 
1809.     His  father  James  Allen  was  born  at  tho 
same  place  January  25,  1783;  his  gran<lfather 
having  been  liorn  there  in  1762,  and  his  great- 
grandfather in  1719.     His  mother's  name  was 
Cynthia  Cottell,  who  bore  four  sons  and  three 
daughters.     His  ancestors  suffered  from  depre- 
dations by  the  British  during  the  War  of  the 
Eevolution,  their  property   being  taken   from 
them  by  force.     The  father  established  on  the 
Island  of  Martha's  Vineyard  the  first  nail  fac- 
torjr  in  the  United  States      During  the  "War  of 
1812-15,  being  unable  to  obtain  stock  or  sell  his 
nails,   he    was    forced    to    suspend    operations, 
when  (in  1815)  with  his  father  and   their  fam- 
ilies, he  came  to  Ohio,  and  settled  at  Zanesville, 
arriving  there  after  a  tedious  passage    of  six 
weeks.     The  father  of  John  C.  died  at  Zanes- 
ville in  1847,  and  his  mother  in   1863.     March 
10,   1835,  John    C.  Allen  arrived  at   Maumee, 
whei'e,thefollo\vingyear,  heopened  aProvision 
Store;  and  soon  thereafter,  he  opened  a  Hotel 
(the    Central  House).     He  continued  in   mor- 
eantile  trade  until  1872 — a  ])eriod   of  36  years. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  first  City  Council    of 
Maumee;   was  the  fourth  Mayor  of  the  City, 
and  for  20  years  the  City  Treasurer.     He  was 
Assistant  Count}'  Treasurer,  under  Frederick 
E.  Kirtland,  who  was  in  office  when  the  Mau- 
mee Court  House  was  first  occupied.  For  many 
years  he  was  an  active  and   useful  mcmbei-  of 
the  School  Board  of  Maumee.     Throughout  a 
long  life  of  activity,  he  bore  among  his  fellow- 
citizens  the  character  of  a  man  of  strict  integ- 
rity and  usefulness,  and  is   permitted,   after  a 
residence  thereof  53  \ears,  to  continue  in  the 
enjoyment  of  their  res])ect    and  esteem.     Mr. 
Allen  was  married  with  Miss  Nancy  Kirtland, 
of  Parkman,    Geauga    Count}',  September   30, 
1839.     She  was  born  in  Geauga  County,  March 
8,    1817.       Her    parents    were    Frederick    and 
Sophia  (Parkman)  Kirtland,  having  lieen  mar- 
ried in  September,  1808,  and  fjeing  among  the 
earliest  pioneers    of  Northern    Ohio,    settling 
there  in  1806.     Mr.  and   Mrs.  J.   C.   Allen  are 
members  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal    Church 
at  Maumee,  the  former  having  been  bajitized 
by   Bishop  Chase,    the  pioneer  Bishop  of  tiie 
Diocese  of  Ohio.     They  had  10  children  :  Lois 
S.,  born  August  17,   1840,  wife  of  W.  E.  Carr, 
now    residing   in    Illinois;  John   Church,    Jr., 
born  Fchruary  28,  1842,  and  died  July  31. 1855  ; 
Olive  K.,  born  November  27,  1843,  who   mar- 
ried E.  J.  Leppelman,  in  1867,  and  Henry  Jen- 


f 


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WA  YNESFIELD  TO  WNSfl  TP. 


!K!1 


kins  in  1873,  she  dying  in  "^Vusliiiiglon,  D.  C, 
March  9,  1886;  James  F.,boru  October  7,  1S45, 
married  with  Chira  J.  Barnes,  now  residing  at 
Klyria,  Ohio;  Noah  N.,  born  September  7, 
1847,  and  died  April  14,  1S70  ;  Francis  E.,  born 
February  2(1,  l.SJd,  now  practicing  tiie  Law  at 
Eastervilie,  Iowa,  was  married  May  12,  1874, 
witli  Emma  Gillett ;  (Jeorge  C,  born  .ranuar^- 
25,  1852,  married  with  Maggie  McCiilla,  Seji- 
teniber :},  187G,  and  resides  at  Eastervilie,  Iowa  ; 
Henry  A.,  born  May  14,  1855,  married  with 
Ilattie  Nailor,  June  3,  1877,  and  resides  at 
Eastervilie;  Charles  B.,  born  April  15,  1857, 
married  with  Elida  Warner,  November  29, 
1877,  resides  at  Hector,  Ohio  ;  and  Ijucv  M., 
born  March  ot(,  ISGO.  Two  of  the  sons  (Janu^s 
F.  and  Noah  N.)  served  creditablv  as  Volun- 
teer Soldiers  in  the  Union  Army  in  the  War 
of  the  Eebellion. 


Henry  i).  Kingsbury  was  born  in  Berk- 
shire County,  Massachusetts,  July  19, 1818.  He 
is  a  son  of  Alvah  and  Lj-dia  Kingsbury^.  In 
1820,  the  family  removed  to  Brunswick,  Me- 
dina County,  Ohio,  malcing  the  distance  with 
an  ox  team  and  covered  wagon.  They  settled 
on  a  farm  owned  b}'  Jabez  Kingsburj',  father 
of  Alvah.  The  first  School  attended  by  Henry 
was  when  he  was  eight  yeai-s  old,  the  distance 
being  three  miles.  At  14  he  attended  a  Select 
School  taught  bj-  Judge  Frieze,  father  of  Mrs. 
Pamelia  Berdan,  widow  of  Judge  John  Berdan, 
first  Mayor  of  Toledo.  November  22,  1835, 
with  a  brother  (William  M.  G.  Kingsbury),  he 
started  for  Maumee,  where  they  arrived  on  the 
25th,  stopping  with  an  uncle,  William  Kings- 
bury, who  had  come  there  in  1832.  He  there 
found  work  at  88.00  per  mouth,  with  board, 
and  soon  came  to  Toledo  and  was  employed  b}- 
Peter  H.  Shaw,  Brickmaker,  to  chop  wood  at 
815.00  per  month.  In  July,  1836,  he  worked 
for  the  Manhattan  Comj)any,  in  connection 
with  buildings  and  other  improvements.  In 
the  Winter  of  1837-38,  he  became  a  Clerk  in 
the  Hotel  at  Manhattan.  In  1830  he  entered 
the  employ  of  the  (Jhio  Eailroa<l  Company, 
having  charge  ot  the  construction  of  the  section 
15  miles  East  from  Ma uhattan,  which  was  made 
ready  for  the  iron  in  1840.  In  November  of 
that  j-ear  he  took  the  contract  to  build  a  portion 
of  a  proposed  Ilailroad  from  Manhattan  to 
Monroe,  Michigan  ;  and  inl841,  contracted  for 
a  section  of  the  Ohio  Eailroad  between  Black 
and  Ilocky  liivers.  West  of  Cleveland.  Of 
§16,800  due  from  these  two  Companies,  lie  re- 
ceived the  value  of  Sl,0tl0.  In  1843  he  removed 
to  Toledo,  and  for  a  short  time  rented  and  kept 
the  Franklin  House  (alias  .Mansion  House).  In 
1851,  he  rented  the  Ohio  House,  afterwards  the 
Kingsbury  House,  which  he  conducted  until 
1858,  he  having  been  elected  Sheritl'.  being  re- 
elected in  1859.  Upon  the  outbreak  of  rebellion 
in  April,   1861,  he  was  the  sixth  man  to  enlist 


at  Toledo,  lie  served  as  (|)uarlerinaster  of  the 
Fourteenth  Ohio  Intimtry  for  the  Ihri'cmonths 
service,  and  then  raised  a  Company  (A)  foi- 
three  years,  in  the  same,  which  he  commanded 
until  made  Major  in  .iuly,  IS62.  He  was  pro- 
moted to  LieutenaTit-tJolonel  in  December, 
1S62.  In  M;irch.  1864,  in  recognition  of  tlie 
good  conduct  of  the  Fourteenth  Kegiment  at 
Chickaniauga  and  Mission  liidge,  he  was  made 
Brevet  Brigadier-General.  Throughout  the 
brilliant  service  of  that  command,  he  bore  iii.s 
full  share  of  responsibility  and  activity,  gaining 
a  high  record  for  bravery  and  effective  work. 
While  yet  in  tlu'  Arm}-,  he  was  again  nominaloci 
Sherirt',  and  was  elected  in  Octol)ei-.  18()5.  ami 
re-elected  to  a  fourth  term  in  ].S(;7.  the  only  case 
of  the  kind  in  the  histoi-y  of  Lucas  Count}-. 
Politically,  General  Kingsbury  was  originally 
a  Whig,  and  has  acted  with  the  I'epulilicans 
since  the  oi'ganization  of  that  ]iiii-ty.  His 
father  died  of  cholera,  in  1852,  and  his  mother 
of  same  disease,  in  1854,  both  dying  at  Toledo 
He  was  married  in  November,  1840,  with  Miss 
Harriet  E,  Van  Orden,  of  Manhattan.  They 
had  five  children,  of  whom  three  died  while 
young.  Tho.se  now  living  are  MaryL.,  wife  of 
Henry  S.  Corwin,  of  Duluth,  Minnesota;  and 
(Jharles  II.,  of  Maumee,  for  some  years  past  the 
home  of  the  familv. 


AUGUSTUS  DAVENPORT  WILLIAMS 
was  born  in  Tolland  County,  ('onnei-ii<-ut, 
November  24,  1SI)6,  His  fiither,  William  Wil- 
liams, was  a  native  of  the  .same  place,  having 
been  born  in  1763,  and  was  married  with 
Sarah  Burt,  of  Long  Meadow,  jrassadiu- 
setts.  They  liad  nine  children  :  Nathan, 
Mary  Burt,  William,  Sojihiah  .M.,  David  Burl, 
Augustus  D.,  Thedocius  Dickernian,  Charles 
Albert  and  Mortimer  Hall.  The  father  iliod 
in  1845,  the  mother  surviving  until  February, 
1861.  The  grandfather  (Nathan  Williams), 
was  among  the  earliest  graduates  of  Vale  Col- 
lege, and  was  Pastor  of  the  Congregational 
C!hurch  at  Tollatid  for  over  (iO  years.  Augus- 
tus's father  entered  Yale,  but  for  ill  health  was 
compelled  to  abandon  the  course  of  Stud}'. 
The  pulpit  of  the  Tolland  Church  was  filled  by 
the  fiamily  foi-  a  long  ]icriod  of  years  from  the 
tinu!  of  the  Deertield  massacre.  Mr.  Williams 
is  able  reliably  to  trace  his  ancestry  back  to 
Pev.  Stephen  Williamsof  Deertield,  a  brotbei-  of 
Roger  Williams  of  Phode  Island.  He  came  to 
Ohio  from  Connecticut,  in  the  fall  ot  ls:il,  re- 
turning on  horseback  in  the  winter  of  1832. 
In  A]jril,  1834,  with  his  fathei-'s  family,  lie 
came  back,  and  landed  on  the  banks  of  the 
Maumee,  where  a  very  few  Frenchmen  and 
Indians  i-onstituted  most  of  the  settlers.  Ho 
began  larming  on  Big  Island  (between  Maumee 
ami  Perrysburg).  Not  long  thereafter  he  built 
at  Maumee  a  Hotel,  which  he  named  the  Wash- 
iri'^ton  House.     His  first  boarders  were  Doctor 


032 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


Daniel  Cook  ami  familj'.  In  February,  1835, 
Mr.  Williams  was  married  with  Sarah  M.  Carr, 
of  Gallipolis,  Ohio,  who  died  in  February, 
1830.  In  .Tanuary,  1841,  be  was  married  with 
Julia  A.  Chamberlain  of  Maumee,  who  was 
born  October  20, 1813,  in  London,  New  Hamp- 
shire. Tliej'  have  two  ehildren-^Burt,  born 
iMarch  V2,  1843;  and  Marj'  Frances,  born 
August  15,  1847.  The  former  served  in  the 
War  of  the  Rebellion  as  volunteer  in  the  One 
Hundred  and  Thirtieth  Oliio  Infantry.  Mr. 
AViiliams  has  a  brother  (Charles  A.),  a  Whole- 
sale Commission  Merchant,  in  Augusta,  Geor- 
gia ;  and  a  sister,  Mrs.  Sophia  M.  Clark,  at 
Cedar  Keys,  Florida.  The  former  is  a  life-long 
Anti-Slavery  man,  and  during  the  Rebellion 
was  lo3al  to  the  Union  and  remained  South. 
A  son  of  his  was  drafted  for  the  Confederate 
Arm}-,  when  the  father  got  him  away  and  on 
board  a  Siiiji  for  JSew  York,  where  he  was  ar- 
rested as  disloyal,  but  was  discharged  on 
taking  the  oath  of  allegiance  to  the  Union. 
The  father  got  into  some  trouble  from  having 
offered  to  ])ay  for  a  rope  to  hang  Jeff.  Davis. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Williams  are  members  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church,  at  Maumee,  of  which  the 
former  has  been  for  many  j-ears  an  Elder. 

EARLY    MARRIAGES. 

At  Mainiu-e,  Sept.  14,  1^37,  Samuel  A.  Sarsruiit  iiml  Marv  Steele. 

Perr\sljurt;,  Sept.  14, 1S.37,  Wm.  Earl  aiid  Helen  Thompson. 

Maumee,  June  0,  18.38,  C.  C.  P.  Hunt  and  Marv  Ann  Creed. 

Monclova.  June  30,  Vim,  Truman  W.  Crowell  and  Ellen  L.  S. 
Dover. 

Marengo,  July  4,  1838,  Alfred  Clark  and  Cassandra  Edmonds. 

Maumee,  July  29,  183S,  Thos.  Clark  3d  and  Jlarv  F.  D.  Williams. 

Springfield.  I''eb.  l.'i,  lx.38,  James  Gilbert  and  .Nanov  F.  Wor>d. 

Maumee.  March  8,  1838,  Moses  Robinson  and  Lncv  Soutliworth. 

SprlDglield,  April  8, 18.38,  Oliver  W.  Alverson  and"  Harriet  Trum- 
bull. 

Perrysburs,  April  19.  1839,  Stephen  L.  Gilbert  and  Julia  Willard. 

Maumee.  Nov.  .5,  18.38,  Dennison  Steele  and  Hattie  R.  Coles. 

Houndsflold,  JefTerscJn  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  14,  1838,  James  F.  Smith 
and  Isabel  Crowell. 

JIaumee.  Uec.  18,  18:«,  Nathaniel  Gilbert  and  Livonia  P.obbins 

VVnynesfleld,  Dee.  2",  1838.  John  Schwartz  and  Elizabeth  Straver. 

Perrysburg,  Jan.  3.  18.39,  Edward  Bloomfield  and   Frances  Blinn. 

Hamilion.  N.  Y.,Sept.  29, 1838,  A.J.  Hacklev  and  Hannah  Blishl 

.Sornern,  f:t.,  Oct.  10,  l.S«,  Geo.  Powers  and  Augusta  Peck. 

Maum.  e,  March  21, 1839,  Wni.  Kiehardson  and  Amelia  Nelson. 


DEATHS. 


Hawley, 
laughterof  Nathaniel  Hnrham, 


Napoleon,  O.,  Dec.  4,  1838.  Sarah  Eliza,  wife  r>f  N.  H 

aged  22. 
Maumee,  Dec.  18, 18.38,  Louisa  E, 

aged  22. 

Waterville,  Tec.  an.  18.38,  John  L.  Prav,  aged  27. 
Perrysburg,  Jan.  21,  18:i9,  Helen,  wife  of  William  Earl. 
.Maumee,  Dec.  17,  18:17,  Mrs.  Harriet  Co|>elanrt,  aged  23, 
Cleveland,  Sept.  22.  1838,  Levi  Heebe. 
-Maumee,  .Sept.  21.  1838.  N.  M.  Cutlibert.  aged  iS 


Waynesfield,  March  7,  1839,  Catharine,  wife  of  Peter  Strayer, 

aged  64. 
Maumee.  July  14, 1838,  Frances  E.,  daughter  of  Henry  Reed,  Jr., 

aged  4  years. 
Maumee.  Dec.  9,  1838,  David  Coles,  aged  46. 


NEW    MAUMEE. 

It  would  not  be  desirable  here  to  follow  in 
detail  the  changing  conilitions  of  Maumee  for 
the  (50  years  of  its  existence  as  a  Town  and  a 
City.  The  record  of  early  hopes  and  struggles; 
of  subsequent  advance  and  confidence;  and  of 
later  fttilure  and  disappointment,  even  if  here 
presented,  would  be  of  no  practical  benefit. 
Suffice  it  now  to  state,  thtit  few  localities  in  the 
enterprising  West  had  advantages  equal  to 
those  of  Maumee.  The  list  of  those  who  gave 
life  and  energy  to  the  \  oung  Town,  enibrticed 
names  of  men  of  prominence  and  character, 
who  omitted  no  effort  for  the  promotion  of  its 
prosperity;  as  did  like  actors  in  later  years  ; 
but  the  changing  conditions  of  trade,  ehieflj', 
proved  too  much  for  them,  and  Maumee's 
greatness — as  pictured  in  fancy     did  not  come. 

But  Maumee  is  not  dead.  She  only  sle^jt. 
An  awakening  lias  taken  place,  and  a  new  con- 
dition of  things  arisen,  and  from  a  cause  as 
little  dreamed  of  as  if  it  were  miraculous.  The 
discover}'  of  natural  gas  in  this  region,  and  its 
success  as  fuel  had  but  fairly  become  known, 
when,  in  the  Spring  ot  1887,  a  movement  \vas 
made  for  the  introduction  of  that  element  of 
growth  and  wealth  into  that  place.  Means 
were  provided  by  the  City  for  securing  requi- 
site gas  territory,  boring  wells  and  piping  gas 
to  and  throughout  the  City,  the  cost  of  which 
was  estimated  at  S75,00O.  Already  (July,  1888) 
this  work  is  well  advanced.  Several  imjjortant 
manufacturing  establishments  have  been  se- 
cured, with  good  prospect  for  additional  ones; 
and  a  changed  condition  seems  fairly  established 
for  Maumee.  As  indicative  of  the  cost  and 
value  of  the  new  fuel,  it  maj*  here  be  stated, 
that  hetiling  and  cook  stoves  average  to  pay 
812.00  per  year;  a  10-Pot  Glass  Factory,  $300 ; 
Paint  and  Oil  Works,  820(1;  Cotton  Mills,  §100; 
a  Woollen  Mill,  850  ;  Flouring  Mill,  «50.  The 
gas  suppi}'  is  found  near  Waterville,  some  six 
miles  South  of  Maumee,  where  six  wells  have 
been  bored,  to  which  others  are  to  be  added  as 
the  demand  mav  ari.se. 


MANHATTAN  TOWNSHIP. 


9:w 


IVEANHATTAN    TOWNSHIP. 


The  Township  of  Munhattan  was  organized 
in  June,  1840,  and  was  bounded  as  fidlows  : 
On  the  East  by  the  West  line  of  Sections  li) 
and  30  in  Town  9  South,  Range  9  East  ;  Soutli 
by  the  South  line  of  Sections  25,  26,  27,  28  and 
29  in  Town  9  South,  Range  8  East;  West  liy 
the  Easterly  line  of  the  City  limits  of  Toledo 
and  the  West  line  of  Sections  6,  7,  18  and  19, 
in  Town  9  South,  between  Ranges  7  and  8  ;  and 
North  by  the  Harris  line. 

This  Township  was  maintained  until  1874, 
when  its  territorj'  was  divided  between  the 
City  of  Toledo  and  Oregon  Township,  and  the 
name  Manhattan,  as  of  an  existing  entity,  en- 
tirely ceased  to  be.  The  writer  much  regrets  his 
inability  to  make  more  .satisfuctorj'  mention  of 
this  Township,  which  fact  is  due  to  inability 
to  find  requisite  records.  » 

TOWN    OF     -MANHATTAN. 

As  already  stated,  for  many  years  the  great 
disturbing  question  among  the  many  Towns 
along  the  Maumee  River,  was  as  to  the  point  at 
which  the  Canals  would  enter  that  stream,  tlie 
decision  of  which  was  e.xpeeted  to  settle  definite- 
ly and  finally  the  question  as  to  the  location  of 
the  chief  commercial  City  of  the  Maumee  Valley. 
For  a  time  the  question  rested  with  Maumee, 
Port  Lawrence  and  Vistula.  In  1833,  the 
latter  two  were  united  in  Toledo,  which  became 
the  chief  rival  of  Maumee  for  the  Canal  outlet. 
About  this  time  several  leading  men  of  Buffalo 
engaged  in  the  Forwarding  business  on  the 
Erie  Canal  and  Lake,  with  a  view  to  the  ex- 
tension of  their  connections,  became  interested 
in  property  near  the  mouth  of  the  Maumee 
River.  The  parties  consisted  of  Jacob  A. 
Barker,  Horatio  N.  Holt,  Chas.  Townsend,  Geo. 
Coit,  Sheldon  Thompson,  John  L.  Kiniberly, 
John  T.  Hudson,  Geo.  P.  Barker,  John  W.  Clark 
and  Stephen  G.  Austin,  all  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.; 
Geo.  W.  Card  of  Willoughby,  Ohio,  and  Piatt 
Card,  of  Manhattan.  The.se  parties  wereowners 
of  diverse  tracts  of  land  on  the  Maumee  River 
and  near  its  mouth  ;  and  desirous  of  selling  the 
same,  and  believing  that  could  be  more  advan- 
tageously done  by  consolidating  the  whole  into 
one  interest  and  connecting  therewith  certain 
public  and  useful  improvements,  they  deter- 
mined to  consolidate  their  property  for  such 
purpose.  This  they  did,  and  in  October,  1835, 
organized  "The  Maumee  Land  and  Railroad 
Company,"  with  a  capital  stock  of  §350,000, 
divided  into  shares  of  -8250  each.  For  the 
management  of  the  business,  three  Trustees 
were  appointed— John  W.  Clark,  Stephen  G. 
Au.stin  and  John  T.  Hudson  of  Buffalo.  The 
stock  was  divided  as  follows  :  J.  A.  Barkerand 
H.  N.  Holt,  jointly,  200  shares;  C.  Town.send 


and  Geo.  (Joit  jointlv,  200;  S.  Thom])son  and 
J.  L.  Kiniberly,  Jointly,  lOd;  J.  T.  Hudson  and 
Geo.  P.  Barker'jointiv,  10(1  ;  John  W,  Clark, 
2(10;  S.  G.  Austin,  2(l0';  G.  W.  and  Piatt  Card, 
each  20(1. 

This  Comjiany  at  once  purchased  all  the 
lands  between  Vistula  and  the  month  of  the 
Maumee  Jviver,  and  soon  laid  out  the  Town  of 
Manhattan, and  actively  entered  upon  extensive 
improvements  at  that  point.  Their  work  con- 
sisted of  docks,  buildings,  warehouses  and  a 
s])aeious  hotel.  These  improvements  were  well 
advanced  by  the  Spring  of  183(i,  when  the  holed 
was  opened  by  a  Mr.  I'atterson,  wliose  daugh- 
ter, Mrs.  Clotilda  B.,  widow  of  David  B. 
Mooney,  now  resides  in  Toledo. 

Manhattan  now  became  an  active  competitor 
for  the  Canal  outlet,  and  the"  contest  deejiened." 
The  outcome  of  the  struggle  was  then  grati- 
fying to  Manhattan,  inasmuch  as  the  real 
"terminus  '  was  fixed  at  that  place  with  onl^- 
"  side-cuts  "  at  Toledo  and  Maumee. 

On  the  1st  July,  1837,  the  Company's  arrange- 
ments were  essentially  changed.  Its  nominal 
capital  stock  was  increased  from  StSaOjOOO  to 
82,000,000,  divided  into  4,20(1  shares  of  §500 
each,  which  increase  was  divided  among  the 
stoekholders. 

In  July,  1837,  the  same  parties,  with  Daniel 
Chase  in  place  of  Geo.  W.  Card,  oi'ganizeil 
what  was  known  as  the  "  East  Manhattan  J>and 
Comjiau}',''  the  object  of  which,  chiefly,  w'as  to 
manage  and  dispose  of  certain  lands  on  the 
East  side  of  the  Maumee  River  and  neai'  its 
mouth,  including  the  reservation  of  Fish  qua- 
gun  and  his  son  Wa-sa-ou  of  the  Ottawa  tribe; 
the  reservations  of  Au-to-kee;  the  Navarres, 
and  Aush-kush  and  Kee-tuck-ee,  and  other 
lands.  The  nominal  capital  stock  of  the  Com- 
pany was  S9(i0,000,  in  shares  of  S2O0  each.  The 
property  was  to  consist  of  lands,  the  ])roceeds 
of  the  same,  and  stock  in  the  (_)hio  Ituilroad 
(.'onipany. 

No  serious  obstacle  to  JIaidiattan's  advance 
to  the  position  of  Metropolis  of  Maumee  \'alley, 
could  nowbe  seen,  with  Manhattan  as  the  stami- 
point.  Its  "  natural  atlvaniages  "  as  the  nearest 
available  point  for  Lake  traffic,  with  the  real 
terminus  of  the  Canals,  left  no  doubt  as  to 
where  trade  was  to  center.  So  confident  were 
the  managers  of  the  Company  that  the  final 
.settlement  of  the  vexed  question  hatl  been 
made,  that  ere  long,  and  before  essential  re- 
sults were  reached,  they  practicall_v  withdrew 
from  the  contest,  feeling  confident  that  Jlan- 
hattan  would  take  care  of  her.self.  The  un- 
timely adoption  of  this  policy,  was  attributed 
to  diti'erent  causes,  but  the  pi-obahle  one  is  said 
to  have  arisen  in  the  anxiety-  of  a  ])ortioii  of 
the   stockholders  (chiefly    Ohio  residents)   for 


934 


HISTORY  OF  TOLEDO  AND  LUCAS  COUNTY. 


I 


early  realization  of  profils.  To  what  extent 
this  was  due  to  disjiroportion  of  capital  to 
stock  subscriptions  with  thcni,  cannot  now  bo 
dcfinitol3'  stated.  However  that  may  be,  the 
result  was  not  long  in  coming.  A  leading  de- 
pendence for  success  had  been  the  line  of  Lake 
Steamers,  controlled  by  the  Buti'ulo  stockholders, 
which  were  expected  to  stop  at  Manhattan  and 
not  at  Toledo.  Tliis  practice  did  not  continue 
long,  as  the  owners  of  the  Boats  soon  learned 
that  their  loss  of  trattic  more  than  offset  their 
interest  in  Manhattan.  The  result  was,  that 
lessees  of  their  Warehouse  (M.  L.  Collins  and 
others)  abandoned  them  and  removed  to  Toledo. 
Such  action  was  accepted  as  a  signal  for  a 
general  stampede.  At  that  time  there  were 
there  about  500  inhabitants,  most  of  whom 
hurriedly  left.  A  few  mistakenly  held  on, 
hoping  the  Company,  even  yet,  would  change 
its  policy.  At  that  time  a  Bank  had  been 
established,  a  newspaper  (the  Advertiser)  start- 
ed, and  a  fair  complement  of  stoi-es,  shops,  etc., 
tor  a  j'oung  and  growing  Town.  The  Man- 
hattan Comjjany  had  opened  roads  in 
different  clirections,  built  a  bridge  across  Ten- 
Mile  Creek,  and  otherwise  invited  trade. 

Next  to  Manhattan's  position  with  relation 
to  Lake  tratiic— if  not  even  before  that — was 
its  dependence  on  the  Ohio  Railroad  to  the 
East,  and  like  connection  with  Monroe  and 
Detroit.  The  history  of  the  first  named  of 
these  projects  is  given  elsewhere  in  the  chajiter 
on  Hallways. 

As  a  Town,  Manhattan  reached  its  end  April 
24,  1848,  when,  upon  application  by  two-thirds 
of  the  lot  owners,  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
vacated  the  plat  of  the  Town,  save  the  Streets 
and  Alleys  in  the  same,  which  were  reserved 
for  public  use.  No  one  appeared  in  Court  to 
object  to  such  action.  John  W.  Clark,  Stephen 
(Jr.  Austin  and  John  T.Hudson  represented  the 
owners  in  the  proceedings  for  vacation.  The 
plat  was  then  a  little  more  than  10  j^ears  old. 

For  25  3-ears  after  the  vacation  of  the  plat  of 
Manhattan  the  property  remained  unimproved, 
and  largely  unnoticed.  Meantime  an  attempt 
was  made  by  purchasers  of  lands  there  to  re- 
vive interest  in  that  locality;  but  without  full 
success.  In  1875  more  earnest  action  in  the 
same  direction  was  taken  in  the  construction 
of  the  Erie  Street  and  North  Toledo  Railroad, 
by  parties  interested  in  North  Toledo  (late 
Manhattan)  propert}'.  Some  10  yctirssince  the 
North  Toledo  Engine  Works  were  established, 
but  were  not  successful.  The  location  of  the 
Toledo  and  Ann  Arbor,  Wheeling  and  Lake 
Erie,  and  Cincinnati,  Jackson  and  Mackinaw 
Railways,  through  North  Toledo,  including  the 
erection  of  abridge  across  the  River,  somewhat 
strengthened  that  section.  Man}'  dwellings  and 
stores,  together  with  two  School-houses  and  a 
Methodist  Church,  have  been  erected.  The 
Libhie  Glass  Works  and  those  of  the  Toledo 
Window  Glass  Company,  and    the    movement 


for  the  development  of  Glassboro  as  a  manufac- 
turing point,  are  expected  to  strengthen  that 
portion  of  Toledo. 

PERSONAL    RECORD. 

As  showing  something  of  tlie  residents  of  the 
Township  and  Town  of  Manhattan,  the  follow- 
ing record  of  transfers  of  real  estate  and  other 
matters  is  here  given  : 

In  July,  1835,  Wa-.sa-on-o-qiiit,  Chief  of  the 
Ottawa  Tribe  of  IncUans,  for  .f  2,030,  sold  to  TlattCard, 
a  tract  known  as  Wa-sa-on-o-quit's  Reservation,  ut 
the  mouth  of  the  ^lamnee  River,  granted  to  that 
Chief  under  the  treaty  of  February,  1833.  and  contain- 
ing 1()0  acres.  Four  residents  of  Mauioee  certified  that 
the  price  paid  was  a  fair  consideration  for  the  same. 

In  May,  183(>,  Aush-cusli  and  Kee-tuck-kee,  Chiefs 
of  the  Ottawa  Tribe  of  Indians,  for  .12,000  .sold  to 
Daniel  Chase,  UiO  acres,  consisting  of  lands  reserved 
to  them  under  the  treaty  of  1833,  and  lying  on  the 
North  side  of  Ottawa  Creek,  and  above  the  place 
where  Aush-cush  then  lived. 

Charles  Wliecler  to  David  Partridge,  Sept..  1831!. 

Paul  Guoin  to  Daniel  Chase,  Ma_v,  l.s3(i. 

Piatt  Card  to  Benjamin  F.  Tyler,  .sold  200  shares 
of  stock  in  East  ilunhattan  Land  Companv,  for 
$40  000,  September,  is:',7;  and  200  shares Maumee  Land 
and  Railroad  Company,  for  $100,000  at  the  same  time. 

J.  W.  Clark  to  Sylvester  Miller,  .January,  1838. 

John  DePew  to  James  Kirk,  August,  1838. 

Peter  Grodah  to  James  Kirk,  November,  1838. 

The  Manhattan  Ferry  C'om]);iny  was  organized  in 
August,  1840,  and  consisted  of  James  L.  Chase,  Jona- 
than Lundy  and  Robert  C.  Denman.  It  was  organ- 
ized under  a  charter  granted  by  the  Ohio  Legislature, 
for  establishing  and  maintaining  a  ferry  across  the 
Maumee  River  at  Manhattan. 

Francis  M.  Feno  to  Jared  Mora,  June,  1.839. 

J.  D.  Morey  to  Geo.  D.  Card,  June,  1838. 

Mack  Purd'y  to  John  M.  Webb,  September,  18.39. 

Jabez  P.  Thompson  to  Moses  Cornell,  Nov.  1837. 

Wm.  S.  Nichols  to  Francis  L.  Nichols,  Oct.  1840. 

John  P.  Pond  to  Beuj.  Williams,  March,  1843. 

Emery  Reynolds  to  Joseph  F.  Ganson,  March,  '4.5. 

Leon  Guion  to  James  L.  Chase  and  Daniel  V. 
Edsel,  184.5. 

Daniel  Chase  to  Eli  Freeman,  December,  1848. 

The  Maumee  Land  and  Railroad  Company  sold 
Town  Lots  as  follows :  To  Elizabeth  Weeks,  Ma}', 
1839;  to  Solon  Corning,  July,  1839;  to  A.  E.  Hart, 
June,  1838;  to  Fred  Wright",  May,  1839;  to  Abiram 
H.  Squire,  June,  1838;  to  John  L.  Edmunds, 
June,  1838;  to  Newton  E.  Crittenden,  same  time; 
to  Francis  M.  Frino,  same  time ;  to  Geo.  W.  Wal- 
bridge,  July,  1839;  to  James  H.  Meachison,  1839; 
to  Jacob  Seffert,  .tune,  1838;  to  Samuel  Fletcher, 
October,  1838;  to  Erasmus  D.  Dunning,  June,  1.838; 
to  Isaac  C.  Vaugh,  November,  1838;  to  Chas.  Steb- 
bins,  July,  1839;  to  Amos  Pratt.  June,  1838;  to  Fred 
W.  Clark,  June  1838;  to  Robert  Hart,  June,  1838; 
to  Mack  Punly,  September,  1838  ;  to  Patrick  Forres- 
ter, November,  183.s;  to  Wui.  Hall,  June,  1838;  to 
Lucius  C.  Rouse,  March,  1840;  to  Sanuiel  P.  Carrol, 
July,  1841;  to  EHzabetb  Coruwell,  May,  1839;  to 
Wm.  Himrod,  November,  1.840;  to  JamesM.  Warren, 
December,  1841 ;  to  Shibna  Nichols,  1830  ;  to  Owen 
Smith,  August.  1.842;  to  Jonathan  Lundv,  April,  1,S42; 
to  Fred.  Miller,  IMay,  1838;  to  Sarah  F."  Prentice,  De- 
cember, 1842;  to  Wm.  West,  June,  1838;  tci  Hudson 
Kellogg,  .\pril,  1842;  to  Geo.  Hastings,  fJctober, '39  ; 
to  ilary  Ragan,  June,  1844;  to  Thos.  L.  (Gilbert,  Jr., 
July,  1.840;  to  Scth  Wright,  February,  1843;  to  Arch- 
ibald and  Levi  Allen,  June,  1838;  to  Julia  H.  Swift, 
June,  1838;  to  Clement  Carpenter,  July,  1839;  to 
Harry  V.  Mann,  July,  1845. 


INDIVIDUAL    INDEX. 

This  Index  lias  been  made  as  full  as  was  found  to  be  practicable ;  and  with  the  specifications  of  omissions 
notod  below,  it  is  believed  the  reader  will  readily  find  any  name  desired. 


N.  B. — Names  on  the  pages  stated  below  are  omitted  from  this  Index,  to  wit : 

274-278.    Army  (^rgauizatious  iu  the  War  of  the  Rebclliou. 

Lists  of  Union  Soldiers  iu  Cemeteries  of  the 'several  Townships  of  Lucas  Giuuly,  May,  1865. 
Associations  of  Union  Ex-Soldiers. 
Union  Prisoners  of  War. 
History  and  members  of  Toledo  Cadets. 
Early  Missionary  Work  in  the  Maumee  Valley. 

Permanent  Religiovis  Work  in  Lucas  County,  including  tUuirches,  Sabbath  Schools,  and  other  organizaliona. 
Publishers  of  Ohio  Ncwspapers-1819,  18;J5,  1877. 
Members  of  Jlaumee  Valley  Pioneer  and  Monumental  Associations. 
Persons  engaged  in  Horticulture  and  Agriculture. 
Members  of  Secret  Societies. 
The  German  Element. 
Toledo  Manufacturers. 
Toledo  Committee  of  Safety  during  the  Railroad  "  Strike  "  of  1877. 

Besides  these,  are  omitted  from  this  Index  names  of  large  numbers  of  sellers  and  purchasers  of  lands 
in  the  several  Townships ;  and  also  names  of  Township  Officers  and  of  Township  School  Officers  and  Teachers. 


I. 

13:)-219 ; 

n. 

220-22-2. 

TIL 

228-253. 

IV. 

264-2T0. 

V. 

278-279. 

VI. 

.wg-sss. 

VII. 

584-61)8. 

VIII. 

642-643. 

IX. 

699-706. 

X. 

709-716. 

XI. 

725-731. 

xn. 

741-754. 

XIII. 

788-789. 

XIV. 

797. 

Page. 

ABBOTT,  B.D....  877 
Abbott.  Caleb  F. 
314,    SiS,   342,   365,   385, 
386.   393,    481,    688,   807 

Abbott,  Emma 678 

Abbott,   Lorenzo  ...  877 

Abbott.  Parley 913 

Abbott,  S.  B 917 

A-beewa  (Indian),,  657 

.\bel,  Oulen  B 314 

Abele,  J.  B 859 

Abell,  G.  B.  315,  328,  366 
Acker  &  Kanada  924,  925 
Acklaud,  Robert....    98 

Ackley,  H.  A 29.  688 

Ackley  &  Perkins...  481 

Acres,  E.  N 102 

.\dams,  .\my .323 

Adams,  A.  T 101 

Adams,   C.  F 478,  495 

.Vdaras,  F.  M 861 

Adams,   G.  A....  64,  915 

Adams,  .James 872 

Adams,  James  C 913 

Adams,  Jane 914 

Adams.  John 100 

Adams,  J.  C 926,  930 

Adams,  John  J 97 

Adams,  Marina 902 

Adams,  R.  E 773 

Adams,  Samuel  R...    86 

Adams,  \Vm.  .\ 102 

.'Vdkins,  Amos .323 

Adsit.  Orson 895 

Aflalter.  Mr 882 

.\hrendt,  C.  F.  W  ...    96 

Ahrendt,  W.  L 391 

Aiken,  F.  H 803 

Ain,  J 103 

Ainger,  D.  B    643 

Ainger,  Roswell  P. 

110.  486,  681,819,  821 
Ainger,   Mrs.  R.  P...  116 

Aiunesly,  P.  M 96 

Ainsworth,  J.  H 422 

Ainswortb,  Mrs.  W. 

W 263 

Albert,  George 99 

Albon,  Josiah ia3 

.\lbright,  L.  M 12;i 

Alcoru,  W.W.-J02,  361,  366 

Alcott,  Roger 83 

Aldrich,  Miss  Ann..  119 
Aldrich,  Thomas  B..    97 


Page, 
Alexander,  C 99 

Alexander,  R.  H....  102 
Alexander,   Mrs.  W. 
H  722 

Alfred,  Heman 663 

Alfred,  Hiram 97 

All,  John. ...104,  870,  891 

.\llen,  .\nder30n 914 

-Mien,  .\rchibald 934 

Allen,  Burr 96,  882 

Allen,  C.  H 107,486 

.VUeu,  Declan, 

100,  120,  317,  350,  485 
Allen,  Edson, 

100,  314,   326,  867,   385, 
481,  719 
.\Ueu,  Fanny  L. 

.300,  480,  66i 
Allen,  Fred.  S...  880,  882 

Allen,  F.  W 99 

Allen,  George, 

66.3,  848,  923 

Allen,  Henry 82 

Allen,  John  C 101 

Allen,  J.  F 101 

Allen,  J.  O 849 

Allen,  J.  W 848,  889 

Allen,  Levi  934 

.Allen,  L.  W 892 

Allen,  Luther.. 224 

Allen,  Mureau 97 

Allen,  M.  H -99 

Allen,  Nehemiah, 

315,  .324.  486 
Allen,  Samuel, 
77,  3)7,  .•«5,  460,  430,  667, 
905 

.\llen,   Mrs.  Sam 668 

Allen,  Seneca, 

371,  471,  660,  921 
Allen,  S.  W.  331,  3.37,  889 
Allen,  ShadrackW..  891 

Allen,  S&  Co 480 

Allen,  Wm.-  12,300,  357 

Allen,  W.  T 98 

Allen  &  Gibbons 925 

Allen  &  Hathaway..  901 

Alley,  E.  H 98 

Allman,  Addie 879 

Allman,  .\.  J 879 

AUman,  C.  C.  343,  344,  879 
Allman,  Daniel.  104,  879 
Allman,  Wm. 

313,315,879,882 


Page. 

AUmau,  Junius 879 

Almond,  George 917 

Almond,  Mrs.  George  917 
Alsbach,  Michael...  923 

Alvius,  Robert 927 

Alverson,  Oliver  W.  932 
Alvord,  John  W....  320 

Allwood,  J.  K 850 

Alyn,  Henry 927 

American     Printing 

Co 611 

Amsdale,  John. 905 

Anderson,  Alex.  315,  344 
Anderson,  Charles.ll,  .892 

Anderson,  C.  M 830 

Anderson,   David 

85,  87,  682 

Anderson,  D.  S 98 

Anderson,  Frank  W.  100 
Anderson,  James .\.  98 
Anderson,  Joseph...  913 
Anderson,  Urrin  S  86,  99 
Anderson,  Wm. 

480,  481,  758 
Andrews,  A.  K.,  Jr..  889 
Andrews,  Augustus 

320,  905 

Andrews,   C.  G 81 

Andrews,   E.  B 11 

Andrews,   E,  E 103 

Andrews,  Fred.  G...  618 

.Vndrews.  Jairus 322 

Andrews,  Jairus  D.,  905 

.\udrews,  L.  G 486 

Andrews,  Samuel 

97,  321,  638,  640,  649 

Andrews,  S.   C 302 

Andrews,  William..  8U8 

Andrews,   W.  B 360 

Angell,  Nichola.s....  101 
Auglemeyer,  .Jonas  <r   81 

.Vnnesley,  Wm S-'jO 

Annis,  J 100 

Annin,  F.  W 478 

Anthony,  Susan  B..  73! 

Anton,  Jerome :i88 

Applebv,  Capt.  "(ill" 

74,  454,  894 
Applegate,  Cha.s.102,  856 
.Vppleton,  Amos  R.  914 

Arcner,   Vorhees 905 

Arbogart,  .Absalom.  103 
Aschenbrenner,  Juo.  107 
Arguetta,   Stephen..  102 


Page. 

Armstrong,  A 642 

.Armstrong,  James  R    66 

.\rmstrong,  .'<.  J 66 

.\rmstrong.  Tbos 97 

Am,  Absolom 103 

.Arnold,  J.  O 862 

Arnold,  .Samuel  G. 

2.57,  638,  641 
Arnold,  Wilbur  F...  2.=.7 

Asher,  Frederick 719 

Ashley,  Eli  M 86,  689 

Ashley,  Mrs.  Emma.  731 
Ashley,  James  .\I. 

95,  96,  107,  124,  :144,  317, 

.3.50.  351,   -353,    360,    401, 

407.  819 

Ashley,  J.  M  &Co-.  482 

Ashley,  Marv  Ann..  691 

Ashmever,  Uenrv...  481 

Astor,  J.  J 851 

Atchison,  James 313 

.\therton,  .Mrs.  E.  B. 

1 16,  8.32 
Atkins,  Amos.811,812,844 

Atkins,  James  W 99 

Atkinson,  Benj. 

315,  859,  861 
Atkinson,  John. .104,  882 
Atkinson,  Wm... 103,  350 
Atwill,  Mrs.  E.  R....  724 

Atwill,  Wm.  H 8."> 

Atwood,  Rev 915 

Atwood,  S.  F. 

272,  450,  4.57.  667 
Aachard,  Clark..  ,391,  475 
Aush-kush  (Chief)..  9*i 

Austin,  A.  T 224 

Austin,  D.  R. 

89,  90,  106,  863,  aVJ,  425 

Austin,  Julia  ff 694 

Austin,  L.  R 915 

Austin,  Stephen  G. 

933,  931 
Austin,  Thaddeus  R. 

897,  900 

Auth,  John 100 

Autibiis,  John 9*J 

Aulnkee  (Chief),  8.V2,9:« 
.Averv   Edwin, 

86,  92.  :i42,  :«i6,   3a5, 
475,  686,  815,  829 

Averv,  Ed.,Jr 99 

Avery,  Elias 387 

Avery,  J.  U 389 


Page, 
Avery,  Thomas  W..  694 
Awyli'S,  Ansborn  ...  103 

.-\vres.  Abner 429 

Ayers,  H.  V 345 

Ayres,  Jo.seph 484 

BABBITT,  A.  T...  475 
Babcock,  E.  L.  668 

Balicock,  John 300 

Babington,  Wm 359 

Backman,   W.  S 101 

Backus,  Abner  L. 
90,345,354,390,447,479, 
483,  6.37,  8:)7 
Hiiekus,  Alex...  478,  694 

Backus,  Asa lOO 

Backus.  Elijah 6.37 

Backus,  F.  T 92 

Backus.   S.  R 477 

Backus,  W.  W 777 

Haei>u.  H.  M.  226,261,  :!60 

Hacon,   Xorval  B 810 

Hacun.  Rjindall  G...  767 

Baileau,  R.  .M 360 

llmlger,   Joseph 333 

Hadglield,  John 878 

Bailey,   Daniel 103 

Bailey,  D.  E 423 

Bailey,  Jesse    .    ...  438 

Hal  ley,  J.  E 388,  44;j 

Bailey,  J.  W 640 

liailoy, Sarah „  914 

Bailey,  Silas 486 

Bailey,  S.  F 102 

Builey,  Miss  S.  L 119 

Bailhache.  John 642 

Bails,  Wm 923 

Baiubridge,  P.  W...  42.3 
Baird,  Mrs.  Fannie..  723 

Baird,  Geo.  W 314 

Baird,  J.  J 113 

Baither,  Gust«v 484 

Baker,  .Vbijah 661 

Baker,  Andrew 849 

Baker,  .V.  M 40a 

Baker,  C.  F 477 

Baker,  D.   C 819 

BaKcr,    David  P 102 

Baker,  D.  W 801 

Baker,  Geo.s9, 9i;,  .'isg,  422 

Baker,  Mrs.  G 8.38 

Baker,  Geo.  G...407,  408 

Baker,   H.  F 643 

Baker,  James 430 


936 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


Page. 
Baker,  J.  W 653 

Baker,  Josiah 321 

Baker,  J.  D 347 

Baker,  J.  L 56 

Baker,  Ralph  W 96 

Baker,  Timotliy 407 

Baker,  T.  H 768 

Baker,  Wm. 
85,    91,  94,  99,  106,  112, 
348,    367,  423,  483.    689. 
781,782,  787 

Baker,  Mrs.  Wm 116 

Bakewell,  Franks..  485 

Balch,  G.  C 478 

Baldwin,  .Vlyah 657 

Baldwin,  C.  F 477 

Baldwin,  Charles  J.  675 
Baldwin,  Cornell  R..  675 
Baldwin,  Mrs.  D.  C.  116 

Baldwin,  Eleazer 90 

Baldwin,  Eliza  T 675 

Baldwin,  Geo.  W.  186,  770 
Baldwin,  John, 
303,319,  .322,  366.  .371,374, 
559,  660.  807,  818,  907 

Baldwin,  J.  W 440 

Baldwin.  John  T. 

438,  470,  657,  659,  818,926 
Baldwin,  Mrs.  J.  T. 

650,  660,  771 
Baldwin,  John  W....  905 
Baldwin,  Marcus, 

322,  659,  660,  675,  818 
Baldwin, MarvLouisa  675 
Baldwin,  N.  C. 

326,  843,  844,  928 

Baldwin,  P.  C 915 

Baldwin,  Samuel,  Jr.  642 

B,aldwin,  S.  W 407 

Baldwin,  Tibbals 657 

Baldwin,  Uranins, 

658,  669,  675 

Baldwin,  M.  W 403 

Baldwin,  John  &  Co.  481 
Baldy,  J.  B__.496,  782. 7S7 

Ball.  John 81 

Ball,  Lewis 66 

Ball,  Oscars 689 

Ballard,  Chas..82,  90,  477 
Ballard,  Geo.  M..123,  176 

Ballard,  James 97 

Ballieux,  Jacob 389 

Ballon,  Orson, 

315,  909,  613,  914 

Ballon,  O.  A 101 

Ballou,  Oscar 117 

Ballou,  Oscar  W. 

916,  917,  920 
Ballzmeyer.  Adam..  485 
Bamford,  Richard  ..  388 

Bancroft,  Libbie 889 

Bancroft,  Rhomnah.  914 
Bancroft,  Wm.... 888, 891 
Bangs,  Horatio  E. 

97,  388,  475.  733 

Bangs,  John  J 924,925 

Barber,  E.  L 497 

Bants,  Peter 66 

Barber,  J.  A 788 

Barber,  Robert 389 

Barber*  Barney 454 

Barbier,  Charles 873 

Barbour  &  Starr 671 

Bard,  Elisha 104 

Bargy,  Valentine. 

21,  841,  842 

Barigin,  Tlios 321 

BarkduU,  Thomas...  915 
Barkdull,  Thos.  H...  649 

BarkduU,  T.  N 926 

Barkdull,  W.  H 649 

Barker,  Amos  V.__       99 

Barker,  B... 861,  918 

Barker,  Calvin, 

99,  112,  144,  478,  484,  807 
Barker,  Mrs.  Calvin.  116 

Barker,  Eugene 917 

Barker,  George 103 

Barker,  George  P 933 

Barker,  Jacob  A 933 

Barker,  John 694 

Barker,  John  J. 

113,  360,  496,  782 

Barker,  J.  S .360 

Barker,  Mrs.  M.  J. 116,731 
Barker,  Nathan  M...  484 
Barker,  R.  D..  89 

Barker,  A.  B.  &  H.  & 

Co 445 

Barlow,  A.  W. 

„     ,  96,47.5,485,669 

Barlow,  Hiram  P. 

915,  920,  929 


Page. 

Barlow,  Jonah 102 

Barlow,  Jonathan...  877 
Barmatzel,  Daniel...  100 

Barnes,  Arthur 880 

Barnes,  Asena 880 

Barnes,  Ashbel 879 

Barnes,  Mrs.  A.  M.  C.  831 

Barnes,  B .346 

Barnes,  B.  P.849,  850,  880 

Barnes,  Charles 879 

Barnes,  George 440 

Barnes,  Henry 650 

Barnes,  Harriet /Smith) 

879 
Barnes,  James.  _.  879,  880 

Barnes,  James  H 407 

Barnes,  John 104,  .■i79 

Barnes,  Jona .338 

Barnet,  Joseph 64 

Barnes,  J.  C 8S0 

Barnes,  Matthew 878 

Barnes,  O.  F _  880 

Barnes.  Robert 880 

Barnes,  Silas 319,  323 

Barnes,  Willard 877 

Barnes,  Wm 104,  879 

Barnes,  W.  D 880 

Barnes,  W.  S 880 

Barnhydt,  D.  P 403 

Burnett,  W.  -A. 862 

Barney,  B.  B... 388,479,689 

Barney,  B.  E 102 

Barnum.  C.  P 388 

Barnum,  W.  L 866 

Barr,  P.  H 100 

Barrett,  J.  C. _    66 

Barrett,  Milton.  350,  694 
Barrett,  Samuel 

•321,  331,  882 

Barry,  Wm.  M _    98 

Barth,  Sebastian 484 

Bartholf,  Isaac 892 

Bartholt,  Peter 891 

Bartholl,  John 103 

Bartley,  M..  11,  341,  365 
Hartley,  Rudolph  A.  762 

Bartlett,  Samuel 366 

Bartley,  Simon 913 

Bartley,  T.  W 11 

Bartlett,  Hiram.  900,  901 

Bartlett,  P.  T _  640 

Bartlett,  Town.send,  901 

Barton, John 848 

Bash,  .Jacob 475 

Bash,  D.  N..  97,475,  690 

Bashare,  H.. 478 

Bashare,  Mi)o 

112,  475,  485 

Bassett,  E.  P. 

85,     87,    100,    106,    .342, 

422,  484,  835.  811 

Bassett,  Mrs.  E.  P...  116 

Bateman,  Elwood 

360,  762a 
Bateman,    Mrs.    El- 
wood    723 

Bateman,   Frederick  848 

Bateman    Peter 878 

Bateman,   P.  P 848 

Bateman,  W.  A 848 

Batenahl  &,  Bro 482 

Bates,  Curtis 331 

Bates,  C.  F 104 

Bates,  Edward 463 

Bates,  Elisha 642 

Bates,  Wm.__ lOI 

Bateson,  P.  H 640 

Bathric,  Zebina 882 

Batt,  John.  11.3,  117,  916 
Battelle,  Joseph  B. 

040,  813 
Baughman,  John  \. 

906,  914 

Baum,    Martin 370 

Baumbach,  Herman  358 
Baumgardner,  E.  W. 

76S,  788 

Baumgardner,  J.  H.  788 

Baumgardner,  L.  S. 

360,  391,    477,  724,  768, 

788,  810 

Baumgartner,  Jacob  103 

Bayer,  Clara 916 

Bayer,  John 390 

Bayle.ss,  Mrs.  D 879 

Bavliss,  B.  H 98 

Bayliss  Mrs.  Lydia. .  864 

Beach,  Chas.  S 98 

Beach,  Gilbert 94 

Beach,  Jacob 98.  107 

Beach,  J.  L 690 

Beach,  Lewis 66 

Beach,  MoisesS 494 


„      ,  Page. 

Beach,  Wm.  .\. 

96,  .361,  436,  475 
Beach,  Mrs.  W.  A...  831 

Beal,    Asa 882 

Beall,    Enos 888 

Beall,  Leonard 66 

Beall,  .Sew.ard 94 

Beals,  Asahel .3.38 

Seals,  Wm..  877,  SS8,  928 

Beard,  Mrs.  D.  J 880 

Beard,  P.  C .361 

Beardsall,  Luke 923 

Beardsley,  Levi.. 310,  401 

Beates,  J.  F 830 

Beattv,  Henry  0 923 

Beatty,J.  H 360 

Beatty,  O.  H 850 

Beatty,  S.  M 261,  685 

Beatty,  Wm .361,  389 

Beaubien,  James 492 

Beaugrand,JohnB..  657 

Beaumont,  E.  M 389 

Beanpre,  Chas.......  486 

Bebb,  Wm  ...11,  342,  447 

Beekel,  Charles 831 

Beckham,  W.  H 356 

Beckwith,  X.  C 810 

Beckwith,  E. 99 

Beckwith,  G.  H 391 

Beckwith,  F.  T 99 

Bedwin,  Alfred 483 

Bedwin,  Israel 483 

Beebe,  Artemus 407 

Beebe,  Levi  .923,  926,  932 

Beecher,  J.  W 387 

Beecher,  Lyman 15 

Beeley,  Joseph 89 

Beerv,  James 90 

Beiler,  Mrs.  S.  L 923 

Belford,  Irwin 813 

Bell,  John...  96,  302,  341 

Bell,  J.  B.. 810 

Bell,  J.  Madison  ....  355 

Bell,  Peters 878 

Bell.  R.  H., 

348,  362,  475,  485.  487,  758 

764,  816,  837 

Bell  .i  Deveau...  482,  762 

Bellamy,  H.  X 482 

Belknap,  A.  A..  101,  485 

Belknan,  Fred'k 326 

Belknap,  W.  W 228 

Bellman,  Chas.  N...  049 
Bellman,  John  ..102,  892 
Bellman,  Wm.  H.96,  477 
Bellman,  Wm.  M...  (549 

Bellows,  Alonzo 893 

Bellows,  B.,  Jr 102 

Bellows,  Charles 82 

Bellows,  James 432 

Bellows,  Samuel 905 

Bement.  Samuel. 361,  366 

Benana,  Charles 98 

Bender,  Joseph 641 

Benedict,  .V 99 

Benedict,  C... 96 

Benedict,  D.  V 432 

Benedict,  Geo.  A 650 

Beney,  Thos 917 

Bengough,  Celia 266 

Bengough,  Julia 266 

Benjamin,  Moses  G., 

897,  900 

Benly,  Silas 99 

Bennett,  Alanson...  104 
Bennett,  Calvin  K. 

97,  360,  370,  440 
Bennett,  Charles  P...  366 

Bennett,  Edward 81 

Bennett,  F.  T 268 

Bennett,  George.668.  923 
Bennett,  Henry, 

85,  315,  337,  360,  407,440, 

445,  483,  907 

Bennett,  Mrs.  Henry,  116 

Bennett,  M... 104 

Bennett,  W.  H 689 

Bennett,  Wm.  L 104 

Bennett  &  Morton...  480 

Bentley,  David 923 

Benson,  E.  W 60 

Bentham,  Robert 98 

Berdan,  E.  F 758 

Berdan,  John, 

224,321,3.31,384,471,475, 

494,497,719.720,758,808. 

905 

Berdan.Mrs.MariaW.  081 

Berdan,  Mrs.  Pamela  670 

Berdan,  Mi.ss  Pamela  Sil 

Berdan,  P.  F. 

475,  495,  758,  837,  816 
Berdan,  Mrs.  P.  F...  831 


Page. 


Berdan  &  Keeler....  482    Blankmeyer,  Henry.  102 


Page. 


Bergen,  S.  H, 
98,  .348,  352,  366,  389, 486: 


Blackmeyer,  Martin.  102 
Blackwell,  M  iss  Mary  116 


550,  832    Blackwell,   T  '   100 

Bergen,  Mrs.  S.  H.  Blade  Printing  &  Pa- 

no,  261,  .831 


Borkenkamp,  H 96 

Berkeybilc,  R.  K 867 

Berlauger,  Francis  X  689 


per  Co 649 

Bladon,  John 

362,  366,  486,  905,  907 
Bladon,  Daniel ,360 


Berlin,  John 320,862  Bladon,' Thos    '"         689 

Bernor,  Lewis 905  Bladon  A  Co  .  '489 

Berry,  Joseph 100  Blafort,  Milton...  "'  101 

Berney,  J.  J 391  Blair,  A.  G.  4is 

Berry,  John 90  Blair,  E.  S..  "  ^'K 

Berry,  L.  G .402,494  Blake,  A.  M         ■"'"    86 


Berry,  Thomas 314 

Berry,  Wm.  C 64,877 

Bersh,  X 104 

Bertholf,  F 102 

Bertholf,  Isaac 102 

Bertholf,  James  97 

Bertholf,  John 102 

Besnett,  Joseph 
Bessinger,  Wm. 


Blake,  P.  H.  100,  120,  391 

Blaker,   Achilles..      923 

...  358 


Blakely,  F.  H 
Bl.iker,  Geo.  H. 

101,  107,  926 

Blaker,  Jesse _  913 

Blakeslee,  S.  E 90 

66    Blanchard,  A.  D 102 

267    Blanchard,  Caleb...    99 


Besson.John 65    Blanchard,'Freborn  P  678 

Best,  H  D ....800    Blanchard,   Fred.  L.  678 


Best,  John 96 

Best,  Michael  , 
Bevins,  George 
Bickel,  J.  T 96 

Biddle,  Miss  Martha  1)6 
Bidett.  Tiney 116 

Bidwell.  Geo.  W....    481 


Blanchard,  Julia  B 

902    Blanchard,  J.  R 

319  Blanchard,  Samuel 
66,  100,  111,  118, 
344,  346,  355,  678, 

Blanchard,S.  S 

Blank,  Peter 


Bidwell,  Ira 402    Blass.  James, 


298 

907 

,089 

90 


Bieber,  Nicholas 486 

Bigelow,  Mrs.  Dr 116 


391,  477,  496,  724,  803 
Blay.stoue,  Wm 849 


Bigelow.  F 96    Blehlmugh,  Solomon  "si 

Bigelow,  Franklin  ..  486    Blin,  J _ 818 


Bigelow,  H.  W. 


Blin  &  Coy  , 


480 


85,124,782,783    Blinn,  Mrs.  J.  H..       663 
Bigelow,  W.  H...485,  496    Blinu,  L.  B  89 

Bijur,  Martin ..690    Bliss,  A.  .\  643 

Bill,  Earl... 651    Bliss,  Geo 402,407 

""""   '  ■       ,494 


Binckley,  John 
Bingham,  A.  W 
Bingham,  J.  J.  76,  77,  438 
Bingham  &  Furey 


926    Bliss  &  Hubbard. 
.  485    Bliven,  C.  E., 

82,  99,  12:3,  422,436,  483 

Bliven,  Clara  L 694 

454,  925     Bliven,  E  ...  479 

Blodgett,  E.  Clark...  482 


Biossat,  H.  A. 

girch,  Enos 882    Blodgett"  J.'  M"".r.'.85,'86 


Birchall,  James 96 

Birchard,  Sardis,  .342,  407 

Birehfleld,  .lohn 877 

Birchfield,  Josiah...  103 
Birckhead,  P.  H 


Blodgett,  Wm.  C 688 

Blohin,  Daniel _  .321 

Blondin,  I.  B    100 

Bloomer,  J.  M....3.58,  389 
Blooinfield,  E 100,  932 


94,  :I89,  415,  478,  486,  80*  Bloomfield,  J.  S  98 

Bird.  Charles .891  Bloomfield,  J.  T.  361 

Bird,  James.. 59  Bloomfield,  Robert  98 

Bird,  Peter 882  Bloomfield,  Thos.97,  360 

Bird,  Thos 891  Blue,  B.  T  98 

Birkenhauer,  Henry  .390  Blue.  Robert  H        '  320 

Birney,  .lames  G .340  Blumberg,  J.  N  .362 


Birrell,  David.  _ 
Bishop,  Aniasa 


693    Blvstone,  Peter  ..       849 
Boalt,  C.  L 407 


10.3,  313.676,  905,  906,  907    Boalt,  John  U...'..'.'.  474 


Bishop,  Amelia 11 

Bishop,  C.  D 386 

Bishop,   F 486 

Bishop,  Geo.  A..  107,  485 
Bishop,  Mary 11 


Boardman,  C.  P.  100,  107 
Boardman,  Geo.  E...  361 
Bodettc,  Clemente  ..  668 

Bodette,  G.  H ,390 

Bodley,  Richard. 


Bishop,  R.  M....  12,  .359  Bodlc'v,  T.  J. .29,  485,  772 

Bishop,    Thomas 897  Bodley,  Wm.  86 

Bishop,  W.  H 724  Bodman,  E,  C. 

Bissell,  X.  F.  97,  482,  486  98,  224,  476  495 


Bissell,   Daniel 693 

Bissell,  Edward 
82,    100,    .327,    3.34,  366, 


Bodman.  L.  H 224 

Bodman,  Mrs.  L.  H._  831 
,    Bodman,  S.  D...         475 
37.3,400,401,413,460,667,    Bolt,  Rev.  Father      "  112 
772,  808,  809,  810     Boggis,  J.  H  ..       161,  349 
Bissell,  Ed.  Jr..  482,  4S3    Bohan,  John...  321 

Bissell,   Miss  E.  R..    116    Bohanon,  Frank  .       484 

99 
504 
107 
101 
504 


Boice,  Asa, 


Bissell,  Fred, 

326,  346,  400,  471,   475,  Boice,  Fred.  E 

481,  495,  683,  808  Boice,  H.  J     . 

Bissell,  H.  T.  Boice,  John  P 

94,  103,  255.  .348,  483  Boice,  John  R 

Bissell,  Mrs.  Jerusha  693  Boice,  Reed  V, 

Bissell,  Leverett  """  ""^  — 
3.85,  402,  405,  810 


123,  348,  .350, 496,503,782, 
787 


Bi.ssell,  Sidney...  98,  .326    Boi re.  Warren 504 

Bis.sell,  Mrs.  Sarah  .S.  Boillatt,  John  J 103 


731,  772 
Bissell,  Theo.  667,  079, 81 1 
Bissell  vt  Gardner... 


Boillatt,  Isaac 103 

Bolivar,  Thomas 66 

BoUes,  Henry  C 485 


Bitter,  John  W 102  Bolles,  Thomas  ....      99 

Bivens,  E 85,97,360  Bolles,  William    496,758 

Black,  A.  Bolles,  Mrs.  Wm.        116 

99,  810,  848,  849,  923  Bolles,  Wm,  W  .  90,  100 

Black,  Geo —  314  Bollmer,  Peter 101 

Black,  John 847  Bomgardner  Peter.  .849 

Black,  L.  W.. 917  Bond,  John  R. 


Black,  L.  &  Co 917 

Blackman,  W.  D 813 


82,  345,481,  688,809,815, 
816,  837 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


037 


Bond.C.  W 724,797 

Bond,  Miss  Ida  M 223 

Bond,  .Tolm  W... 224,  388 
Bond,  Oliver  S. 

47-5,  485,  496,  497,  690, 
734,  831 

Boud.W.M 78t 

Bonnell,  Samuel 64 

Boody,  Azariah.-475,  819 

Bookwalter,  J.  W 361 

Boos,  G.  W 390 

Boos,  JIatthias-85,322.476 
Boos,  W.  H....9,  100,  338 

Booth,  James 99 

Booth,  J.  H.. 481,  818,856 

Border,  A 91,99,104 

Borland,  Charles.--  844 

Bortine,  B.  L —    66 

Bostwick,  Alfred, 

347,  366,  386 
Bostwick,  Manly, 

315,  385,  481 

Bost-n-ick,  M... 385 

Bostwick,  O.  A. ...96,  767 

Box,  Jacob —  102 

Bourne,  J.  D 115,  733 

Bouroir.  Fred 65,66 

Bouton,  MissE.  S...  227 

Bowen,  Eman 307 

Bowen,  C.  E 845 

Bowen,  G.  W 356 

Bowen,  Ozias  - — 321,  669 

Bower,  Ct.  M 55 

Bowsers,  J.  W 98 

Bowers,  Salter 482 

Bowes,  R.  U 475 

Bowes,  K.  V 96 

Bowland,  A 102 

Bowman,  Alex 330 

Bowman,  Baxter, 

300,  303,  313,  319,  480,668 
Bowman,  Justice  H.  477 

Bovce,  II 99 

Boyd,  James  A. 
85,  94,  107,  483,  486,  640, 
6.50 
Boyd,  H.  A  ..475,486,  786 

Boyd,  P.N 101 

Boyer,  H 102,894 

Boyd  &Co 649 

Bover,  John 107 

Boyer,  Philip 11" 

Bovinffton  &  Gannett 
^  924, 925 

Boynton,  A.  W .321 

Boynton,  B.H 735 

Brace,  Wilber 104 

Bradbury,  T.  U. 

342,  343,  402,  408 

Bradley,  C.F 917 

Bradley,  Col.  E.  D. 

75,  76,  88 
Bradford,  H.  S....385  915 
Bradlev,  Levi  W  ....  893 

Bradley,  S.  R 384 

Bradley,  S.  W 102 

Bradish,  Calvin 402 

Bradshaw,  EdwardH  689 

Brady,  Jt-- 648 

Brahier,  Jacob  ..  ...  101 

Brailey,  M.  R 96 

Bralnerd,  A.  P  ....      102 

Brainerd,  C.  C -.  113 

Bralnerd,  N 98 

Brainard,  Sereno  C. 

92,  117,345,  366,910,  914 
Brainard,  W.  S..  089,  773 
Braisted,  Arthur  P..  649 

Braisted,  E.  E 477 

Braisted,  Frank. 

97,  485,  689 

Branch,!).  G 463 

Brand,  Henry, 

111,347,  354,  355,  ;587,807 

Brand*  Lenk.. 4.S2 

Brand,  Rudolph 98 

Brandon,  C.  K 788 

Brandt,  Fred.. 484 

Branhan,  Sanford...    64 
Branigan,  John  J...    98 

Braun,  Alfred 90 

Braun,  Alice  T 693 

Braun,  C.  F  ._ 419 

Braun,  G.  A 78,495 

Braun,  Valentine, 
85,  100,  347,  355,  366, 387, 
483 

Braystone,  Wm 849 

Breckenridge,  H.  C.  423 

Breed,  C.  W 89 

Breed,  G.S 776 

Breed,  Henry, 

350,  363,  356,  360,  475 


taue. 
Breed,  Wm.. 360,  476,483 

Breick,  John 104 

Brentauo,  L 650 

Breshaver,  Chas 100 

Bressner,  Timothy..  102 

Brewer,  L.  \ —    91 

Erevman,  John 486 

Brewster,  C.N 117 

Brewster,  Lewis  E. . .  6.53 

Brewster,  Wm 98 

Brice,   Wm 923 

Brickman,  John 102 

Briggs,  Alanson 430 

Briggs,  Chester  ..314,  341 

Briggs,  C.  M 328 

Briggs,  D.  L 486 

Briggs,  Elkanah, 

328,  667,  757,  889,  891 

Briggs,  F- 102 

Brigham,  Clarissa...  693 
Brighara,  C.  O., 

30,  96,  124,  483 
Brigham,  Mrs.  C.  O..  116 
Brigham.  Mrs.  B —  724 

Brigham,  Fred 648 

Brigham,  Geo.  M..^.  436 
Brigham,  James  M., 

90,  342,  349,  918 

Brigham,  J.  H 360 

Brigham,  Loomls  ...    99 
Brigham,  Mayor, 
93,  96,  341,  343,  350,  352 
360,  406,  455,  483,  815 
Brigham,  Mrs.  Mayor, 

116,  831 
Brigham,  Mrs.  O.  S.  665 
Brigham,  Mrs.  E.  M.  664 
Brigham.  Wm.  E....  478 

Brimson,  W.  G 99 

Brigham  &  Morehouse, 
909 

Bright,  Horn 10 

Brindley,  John 879 

Brine,  George.. 923 

Brimescnmb,  Thos..  102 
Briukerhoff,  Alex...  90 
Brinkerhofif,  Chas...  97 
Brinkerhoff,  R.  X...  640 

Brint,  Daniel 103 

Brintnal,  C.  E., 

322,  .385,  392,  481 

Bristol,  Maria 902 

Bristol,  E.  C 454 

Britton,  O.  J ---  860 

Broadsword,     Eliza- 
beth  879 

Broadsword,  Peter.  -  880 

Brock,  .lohn 321 

Brock,  Wm 905 

Brockway,  Chas 103 

Broer,  A --  390 

Broiler,  Wm 861 

Brogan,  Stephen 918 

Biogle,  C 906 

Brandet,  J. — 374 

Bronson,  B.  R 90 

Bronson,  Calvin, 

90.  96,  351,  475,  486,  780 
Bronson,  Mrs. Calvin,  116 

Bronson,  L^avid 780 

Bronson,  E.  B. 

92,  97,  107,  249 

Bronson,  H.  S 101 

Bronson,  J.  P 388 

Bronson,  Mrs.  O,  W.  675 
Bronson,    Mrs.     Re- 
becca  - 900 

Brooks,  C.L 89 

Brooks,  G.  A 813 

Brooks,  Henry 439 

Brooks,  .'^amuel  -.98,  485 
Brophy,  Thos. 345,346,366 

Brower,  Benj 96 

Brown,  A 89,  103 

Brown,    .4dam 104 

Brown,  Allen....  97,  360 

Brown,  Amos. 102 

Brown,  Andrew 475 

Brown,  Aug.  99,  388,  855 

Brown,  A.  H 102 

Brown,  B.  3 481 

Brown,  Calvin 101 

Brown,  Caroline 855 

Brown,  Chas 99,  104 

Brown,  Cornelia  T..  693 
Brown,  C.  S. 

263,  389,  478,  7.34 

Brown,  C.  W 880 

Brown,  David 102 

Brown,  D.  A. 

99,  133,  350,  388,  420 

Brown,  D.  1 357 

Brown,  Emelia 881 


fuuc. 
Brown,  Erastus.  104,  880 

Brown,   Ezra 348 

Brown,  E.  A II,  82 

Brown,  E.  B. 
94,    8a5,    429,    465,  474, 
689,  7:« 
Brown,  E.  M....  85,  484 

Brown,  E.0 733 

Brown,  Fred.  H..  82,  256 

Brown,  Geo.  B 98 

Brown,  Mrs.  G.  B...  8.S1 

Brown,  Geo.  W 360 

Brown,  Henry  100, 345,354 
Brown,  Hiram 

98,  8.54,  8.55,  8.56 

Brown,  H.  H 881 

Brown,  H.  G. 

100,  476,  447,  820 

Brown,  Jacob 856 

Brown,  Mrs.  Jacob..  84.S 

Brown,  James 905 

Brown,  John. ...122,  862 

Brown,  Jona 90 

Brown,  Julia 855 

Brown,  J,  Court 477 

Brown,  J 85 

Brown,  J.  H.lOO,  882,  925 

Brown,  J.  L 102 

Brown,  J.  JI.368,  734,  803 

Brown,  J.  R 816 

Brown,  J.  W. 
82,  85,  96,  3M,  352,  671, 
837 
Brown,  Miss  Kate...  915 
Brown,  Matthew 
85,  96,  100,  272,  349,  353, 
450,  474,  485,  495,  832 
Brown,  Mrs. Matthew  119 
Brown,  Moses  T. 

85,  88,  89,  90,  94,  97,  810 
Brown,  Orlando.  320,  905 
Brown,  Oscar...  IM,  880 

Brown,  O.  M 256 

Brown,  O.  S 101 

Brown,  Peter.- 321 

Brown,  R 90 

Brown,  R.   A 100 

Brown,  R.  N 420 

Brown,  R  W 100 

Brown,  Sara 407,  420 

Brown,  Miss  Sarah..  116 
Brown,  Sebastian...  104 
Brown,  Stillman 

100,358,361,387,  690,820 
Brown,  Sylvester, 

99,  111,  698,  855,  905 

Brown,  S.  B 100 

Brown,  S.  D 475 

Brown,  S.  R 90,  99 

Brown,  Theodore  J. 

86,  486,  649,  771 
Brown,  T.  P. 

101,357,421,423,486,639 

Brown,  Thos 98 

Brown,  Wm. 104,  870 

Brown,  W.  F 98 

Brown,  W.  G....  96,  107 
Brown, W.  O.  355,  475,  483 
Brown,  W.  0.,  Jr.  641,649 
Brown  &  Griffith....  450 
Brown  &  King.. -471,  475 

Browne,  C.  E 163 

Browne,  Chas.  F  ....  642 

Browne,  Ed.  F 477 

Browne,  James.. 813,  904 
Browne,  James  Irving, 
313,  637,  668 

Browning,  Jesse 338 

Browning,  S.P 99 

Brownlee,  X.  B. 

97,  321,  386,  684 
Brownlee.John  85,465,931) 
Brownlee,  Pendleton 

&Co 482 

Bruen,  Daniel  B 916 

Bruin,  Austin  H 97 

Bruksieker,  Fred 358 

Bruksieker,  Henry  ..  107 
Brumbach,  O.  S..363,  422 

Bryan,  John  A 310 

Bryan,  Wm 895 

Buck,  Chauncy  H. 

100,  486,  771 

Buck,  Mrs.  C.  H 72:S 

Buck,  E.,  Jr 104 

Buck,  E.  S 104 

Buck,0.  E 100 

Buck.  Lucretia 651 

Buck,  Martin 100 

Buck,  Plvmpton 96 

Buck,  Mrs.Plympton  119 
Buckingham,  Henry  60 
Buckingham,  P.  <iCo  482 


Bnckingham,  Milton  Byrd, 'has.  W 11 

K - 889  Byrne,  Mrs.  It 484 

Buckland,  It.  P.  Byrne,  James 475 

224,  »13,  6.39  Byrne,  John  ....103,  121 

Bucklin,  C 108  Byrne,  .M.  C 85 

Bndlong,  A.  W 403  HyniPs,  David 844 

BiuU,  AJ 86«,8?2  liynies,  M.  f 85 

Hnelow,  C.  11 486  Byrnes,  Matthew 878 

HnOington,  J.  1' 90 

BnlUim,  Robert 267  /^ABLE,  Henry...  103 

Bulhird,  WiLShington  KJ    Cable,  .Iiimes  .M  914 

458,475  Cable,  Joseph 90 

Bullerston,  .Tohn 97  I'ahle,   George..  .M8a,  932 


Bullock,  Calvin. 
Bullock,  Mrs.  B. 
Bunce,  James  L.. 


99,088    Cable,  ,Samuel..  103,  882 

;..  1X>    ('acher,  Lewis 102 

480    Cadwoll,  Aaron 891 


Bunch,  Charles 856  Caldwell,  S.  B 15H 

Buade,  George 96  Calhoun,   M.  B 8:W 

Bunde,  P 96  Call,  John 892 

Bundy,  P 474  Callard.  J.  W 785 

Bunert,  A  100,107,359,486  Callanl,  N.  H 485 

Bunting,  Eli 867  Calligan,  James 180 


Bunting,  Marmaduke 

314,  321,  923 


Calvert,   W. 
Cameron,  C  E 


Burbank,  J.  G loO  Canlield,  Clement...  923 

Burbower,  B 768  Camp,  John  O..  411,403 

Burch,  N 906    Camp,  s.  U 261,  3.S8 

Biirchard,  E.  S 102    Camp,  Mrs.  .s.  11 »32 

Burckle,  E.  R 475  Campbell,  Daniel  913,  914 

Burdick,  Leander.  Campbell,  David  643,  045 

85,100,391,475,496,7.33,  Campbell,    David* 

780,782        Sons 641 

Burdo,  John. 319,  310,  878  Campbell,  John  B. ..    69 

Burdo,  Peter —  9'23  Campbell,  .Fohn  I). 

Burge,  Wm 101  89,  94,  408,  841,  680 

Burger,  Rev.  D.  J  ...  693  Campbell,  J.  11. 

Burger,  Libbie  T. 693  353,  .360,  48t,  486 

Burgess,  W.  D  100    Campbell,  H.  V 66 

Burgess,  David 401  Cjimpbell,  Mrs.  I..  A.  722 

Burgess,  Ebenezer. ..  897  Campbell,  S.  B.  82,  98,  .813 

Burgert,  Adam,  Canlield,  Albert 917 

96,  361,475,  485    Canlield,  A.  B 100 

Burgert,  David 686    CanHeld,  Geo.  S 641 

Burkhart,  J.  G....  ..  101    Cannes',   G. ;!89 

'"  Canneff,  J.  W.  99,484,486 

"     "  ..90 

..     90 


B\irnet.  Jacob 67,370 

Burnett,  John  F.  C.  914  Cannon,  D.  S 

Burnett,  Marcus 340  Canuan,  J.  S— , 

Burnham,  Joel 914  Carabin,  Rev.  P 


Btirnham,  Miss  Lou- 


Card,  B.  F 


isa  F 932    Card,  Frank  T 97 

Burnham,  Mrs  M.  E.  484    Card,  Geo.  D (B-l 

Burnham,  Sarah  H..  694  Card,  Geo.  W    ..  411,933 

Burns,  John    100  Card,  I'latt 

Burns,  Wm 34  97,    314,    331,    374,  482, 

Burr.  H     89,  100  682,  694,   905,    93.3,    934 

Burr,  HenrvG....97,  123  Card,  Thos..  8'),  100,482 

Burr,  Jona". 407    Card  &  Bennett 480 

Burritt,  Harvev 544    Card  &  Chase 480 

Burritt,  Wm 101    Card,   Piatt  &  Co 905 

Burroughs,  Geo.44,94, 420    Cardif,  John 485 

Burt,  Theo 103    Carey,  S.  F 863 

Burtiss,  B.  M 328    Carey,  Pat 94,  480 

Burtis,  John 440    Carew,   Wm 817 

Burton,  Chas.  E 104    Carhart,  H.  C 90 


Burton,  Marshal, 

224,  475,  485 
Burton.  Mrs. Marshal  094 


Carl,  Wm  H 98 

(-"arlin,  James 

657,  M7,  880 


Burts,  John «79    Carlin,  Parlee 831 


Burts,  Mrs.  John 879 

Burwick,  Wm  S6,  98,  107 
Busby,  W.  H 6:18 


Carlin,  Squire 657 

Carlisle,  Thos 90 

Carman,  Eli 101 


Bush,  B.  H..3t6,  902,  905    Carney,  Jlichael.  1(M,  841 
Bush,  Miss  Clara 119    Carpenter,  Clement.  934 


Bush,  Jonathan. 
Bush,  G,  K. 
Bu.sh,  Mrs.  (- 


905    Carpenter,  it.  A. 


101 
116 


85,  99,  :H9,  471,  475,  481, 
482,   694 


Bush,  L.  J 483,  689  Carpenter,  II.  A 401 

Bush,  Nelson <J4  Carpenter,  J.  E. 

Bush.O -—  104  100,  685,  918 

Bush,  Tyler 98  Carpenter,  Lucius 

Bush;  L.  J.  &  Vo 48.1  878,  923 

Bushnell,  Orlando..  841  Carpenter,  Mary  E..  694 

Buskirk,  John 102  Carpenter  A  Cheney.  480 

Bust  .A      lt«)  Carr,  Jacob 801 

Butler,  B.  R 102  Carr,  James 328 


Carr,  J.  F 890 

Carr,  O.  C 89 

Carr,  Spencer  D 495 

Carr,  Tlio8....9'.l,  :M1,  445 


Butler,  Chas. 326,  374, 401 

Butler,  Kred 917 

Butler,  V.  A 917 

Butler.  F.  H 917  ■  .„. 

Butler,  Harlow. .:184,  342    Carr,  W.  W 426 

Butler,  Horace  II 96    Carrick,  Robert 66 

Butler,  Rev.  .lohn...  IttJ    Carrington,  Alice  ...  116 
Butler,  Lewis 108,  122    Carrington   .M.  I).. 


Butler,  M.  B 

Butler,  M.  H 


.36 
315 


85,90,  224,  272,  3i)0,  361 
.389,  475,  477,  496 


Butler'  Orange 400    Carrrington,  .Mrs.  .M. 

lintnnui,  JohnS.481,  679        D 8,32 


Unit,  John. 


,, „ 102  Carrington,  Wm.  T.,  477 

Uutierlk-ld,  Julia  A.  693  Carroll,  Chas 81,  1C« 

Butts,  c    C 185  Carroll.  David  n  ....  10» 

Butts,  Emanuel 104  Carroll,  EilwarU  ....  107 

Butts,  W    B 102  Carroll,  James. .-913,  914 

Byington  &  Co 3;W  Carroll,  Patrick 485 


938 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


Page. 
Carroll,  Samuel  P...  934 

Carson,  Charles 8'Jl 

Carson,  George 104 

Carson,  Jacob 103 

Carson,  John  B., 

8S,  97,  824,  353,  458,  476 
Carson,  Montgomery  102 

Carson,  Robert 302 

Carter,  James 693 

Carter,  John  G 485 

Carter,  Philo .._  883 

Carter,  Wm 914 

Carter,  W.  F 355 

Cary,  Austin  .-.. 924 

Case,  Edwin lOS 

Case,  F.  B 100 

•Case,  F.  M 386 

Case,  G.  S 926 

Case,  Reed 476 

Case.S 101 

Case,  Wm 420 

Casey,  Lyman _  684 

Casey,  Mrs.  Lyman.-.  116 
Casey,  T.  B. 

85,  96,  112, 116,  353,  388, 


Paqf. 

Chase,  Philander "l5 

Chase,  Samuel 923 

Chase,  S.  P 365 

Chase,  S.  T 103 

Chase,  W.J 89,  90 


Casey,  Mrs.  T.  B 116 

Casey,  Wm .361 

Cass,  Bernard.  ..842,  933 

Cass,  C.  M 842 

Cass,  J.  G.103,  111,  n.3,842 

Cass,  Lewis, 

51,  62,  306,  342,  662,  842, 

859 

Cass,  Samuel,  842,  847, 928 

Cassady,  John 98 

Cassells,  J.  N 481 

Caster,  Wm 913 

Catelv,  S.  H 4.30,  923 

Cato,  C.  C _ 100 

Caughliug,  F.  W 649 

Cauknarr,  Henry  ...  910 
Cavenaugh,  John...  390 

Center,  Eva  G 653 

Chaddock,  Gilbert..  48b 

Chadwick,  E 770 

Challett,  John..  98,  925 

Challett,   Wm.. 97 

Chamberlain,  H.  A. 

358,  889 
Chamberlin,  D.  P. 

253,  479,  7.35 
Chamberlin,  S.  D.100,361 
Chamberlin,  Wm. 100,689 
Chamberlin,  W.  A. 

82,  493,  693 
Chamberlin,  J.  D.  &. 

S.  D..._ 485 

Chambers,  Joseph, 

111,322 
Chambers,  Josiah...  809 

Chambers,  T.  R 905 

Champion,  Alice 443 

Champion,  Joseph, 

719,  879 
Champion, Reuben  E    89 

Champney,  A.  R 786 

Chane,  Paine 924 

Chandler,  Dr.  A 481 

Chandler,  F.  L 97 

Chapel,  Wm... 895 

Chapin,  Edward. .99,  829 

Chapin,  F.  c .    477 

Chapin,  H.  S 425,  640 

Chapin,  Luther 440 

Chapman,  Fred 408 

Chapman,  Geo.  C  ...  485 
Chapman,  Irving  E.  693 
Chapman,  Mrs.M.  D.  723 
Chapman,  Dr.  W.  C. 
„  "541, 551 

Chapman,  W.H 326 

Chappell  J 323 

Charter,  Dennis...      923 

Charter,  Eli 905,  923 

Chase,  Charles  .•V..9r,'479 
Chase,  Daniel, 
81,  338,  685,  852,  933,  934 

Chase,  Edward 107 

Chase,  Harry, 

96,  100,  109,  123,272,350, 

355,  388,  475,  813,813,  835 

Chase,  Mrs.  Harry..  116 

Chase,  Henry  J. 

86,  96,  485,  690,  T.33,  780, 

787 

Chase,  Ira 894 

Chase,  James  L., 
102,  103,    315,    3;il,  3.38 
344,  389,  666,  9.34 
Chase,  John  A., 
^         .     87, 123,  348,  353 
Chase.  Miss  Mary  D.,  116 


Chase,  Sill  &  Co 905 

Cheney,  P.  J .362 

Cheney,  Roswell 314 

Chenev,  Roswell,  Jr.,  807 
Cheney,  R.  W....310,  688 
Cheney,  Wm.  C, 
85,  98,  102,  359,  486,  689 

Cherry,  A 102 

Cherry,  Phos __    88 

Cherry,  John  W 437 

Chesebrough,  Alfred 

100,  476 
Chesebrough,  Alonzo  360 
Chesebro,  Charles  W  693 
Chesebrough,  Julius  100 

Chew,  James 361 

Chibb,  Calvin. 98 

Childs,  David 913 

Childs,  John" 403 

Childs,  T.  W.'234.  .360, 495 
Childs,  Mrs.  T.  W...  831 

Chinavarre,  Jos 103 

Chittenden,  Jos 400 

Chittneer,  M.  1 119 

Christian,   C.  W 476 

Christman,  Jacob..  117 

Christman,  J.  M 910 

Church,  .loel  R 722 

Church,  John  A 928 

Church,  Joseph  T 4.36 

Church,  Quinby 343 

Church,  Wm.  P. .  99 
Churchill,  Milton...  478 
Cist,  Henry  M...  226 
Claflin,  Geo.  D. 

85,  99,  360,  649 

Claflin,  H.  W 96 

Clamflits,  Wm 102 

Clappen,  John 65,  66 

Clark,  A... 76 

Clark,  Alonzo 100 

Clark,  Andrew 480 

Clark,  A.  B 23 

Clark,  A.  G. 

76,  97,  106,  387,  390,  486, 
™     ,  689,  811 

Clark,  Alfred...  923,  932 

Clark,  Alfred  H 98 

Clark,  Charles 103 

Clark,  C 103 

Clark,  E 323 

Clark,  Edward 494 

Clark,  Elijah 

98,  310,  321,  924 
Clark,   Geo.  R  4 

Clark,  Geo.  W 102 

Clark,  H ;    89 

Clark,  Henry 481 

Clark,   Henry  G 906 

Clark,  Hiram...  313,  4.S1 

Clark,   H.   .S lol 

Clark,  Ira  L. 

341,   343,    367,  .385,  481, 

^,     ,     ^  791,  792,  809 

Clark,  Jacob 

77,    300,    3.38,    ,342,  351, 

360,  386,    393,    429,  480, 

486,  066,  758,  808 

Clark,  James...  693,  733 

Clark,  Ja.mes  W. 

86,  99,  107,  208,  842,  888, 

893 

Clark,  John  B.,  Jr..  693 

Clark,  John  C 906 

Clark,  John  W..  933,  934 
Clark,  Joseph..  728,  891 

Clark,  Josiah... ]04 

Clark,  Lot 374 

Clark,  Nathaniel 103 

Clark,  Peleg  T. 
102,   113,   346.   348,   359, 
365,  429,  888,  889,  893,894 

Clark,  Robert 103,879 

Clark,  Thos. 

314,  331,  331,  366,  386,  870 
Clark,  Thos.  2d, 

838,  367,  932 

Clark,  Thomas  B 492 

Clark,  Thos.  C  ...485,  486 

Clark,  T.L 349 

Clark,  Seth  G 110 

Clark,  Wm. . .  98,  108,  809 

Clark,  W.  E 390 

Clark,  W.  H 96,  99 

Clark,  Wm.  T  .  .    689 

Clark,  Wed.  W 484 

Clark*  Fargo 926 

Clarke,  J.  P 81 


Paqe. 
Clarke,  Leroy  E. 

259,  353,  653,  813,  928 
Clarke,  Nathan  N...  103 

Clawson,  D.  F 882 

Clawson,  D.  W 882 

Clawson,  I.  N 486 

Clay,  Geo.  W...  ..389,  390 

Clay,  Henry 77,  859 

Clayton,   Henry 906 

Clayton,  John  M 306 

Clear,  Patrick 120,  485 

Cleaves,  Charles 88 

Clement,  W  H 420 

Cleudening.Miss  Ma- 
tilda   ._ 889 

Cleveland,  Jonas. 91 2,  913 

Cleveland,  J.  H 407 

Cleveland,  Salter, 

85,  87,  360,  432.  686,  819 
Cleveland,  Uriah  C  432 
Clinton,  DeWitt.6.15,  399 

Clopes,  John lOO 

Clum,  A _ 341 

Clusin,  Jas 66 

Clute,  David 313,  881 

Coalwell,  Wm.  H 259 

Coarson,  Charles 870 

Cobb,  Amasa... 89 

Cobb.  Fred 916 

Cobb,  John  E 101 

Cobleigh,  Aaron.lb"2,  117 
Cobleigh,  Wm.  H__    914 

Coburn,  G.  O... 862 

Cochran,  Charles, 

91,  98,  108,  128,  930 
Cochran,  Mrs.  Chas. 
^    ,  116,  722,  831 

Cochran,  F,  D. 

445.  844.  906,  923 

Cochran.  John  C 123 

C(  der,  Conrad 848 

Coder,  Edgar 848 

Coder,  Frank 848 

Coder,  Jeremiah .^8 

Coder,  John 848 

Coder,  Philip 878 

Coder,  W.  W. 


Pagf. 
Collins,  Holdrldge..  483 

Collins,  John  C 4S6 

Collins,  J.  P.  103,  901,  907 
Collins,  John  W 

103,  338,  7.57,  901 
Collins,  Mrs.  John  W.  693 
Collins,  J.  W.,  Jr. 

Collins,  M.  P 

Collins,  M.  L. 

.386,  757,  771,  934 

Collinis,  Oscar 102 

Collins,  Richard 104 

Collins,  S.  L. 
94,  103,  313.  324,  331,.339,    CookerJoseph 
342,  343.  413, 430,660,757.    Cook,  Josiah  D."" 
77'1,900,  901,  9U2,  904,  907        97,  422,  475,  786,  803,  889 

Collins,  Thos.  J 224    Cooke,  J.  M.....  224  354 

Cooke,  Richard,         ' 


Pnge. 

Ouok,  Asher 89,  344 

Cook,  Chas  H 648 

Cook,  Daniel .341 

Cook,  D.  F. 
314,   316,   .331,  346,   361, 

,„„    „     ,      ^F*^'  >*«).  »**.  929 

-  103    Cooke,  Eleutheros, 

-  IM  „  .3.34,463 
Cooke,  Henry  D  651 
Cook,  Henry  T. 

98",  10-2,  360,  486 

Cooke,  JabezM ,%6 

Cook,  James  D 690 

96 


Collins,  W.  A 

S9,  100,  3.57,  .389,  484 

Collins  &  Brown 482 

Collins,  J.  W.  &  Co..  906 

Collier,  Geo.  W 484 

Colliuson,  Miss  .1.  M., 

893 
Colton,  Abram  W., 

96.  113,  226,  475,  690 
Coltoc.  Miss  Anna..  115 
Colton,  Carlos, 

86,  89,  96,  475,  835 
Colton,  Mrs.  Carlos..  663 
Colton,  Hamilton  C, 

89,  90,  483 
Colton,  Mrs.  Hamil- 
ton  663 

Colton,  Isaac  C.  402,  403 
Colton.  T.  B.. 
Colton,  Walter 


,331   385,  69.3,  807' 
Cooke,  S.  W...  .390 

Cooke,  T.  M..92,  388,  422 
Cook,  T.  E....  oqn 

Cooke,  W.G V"    98 

Cook,  W.  L .544 

Cooke,  W.  J..         ""  734 

Cook,  W.  W .■    3(io 

Cook,  Zurial,  Jr..  892 
Cooley.  Thus.  JI  .344'  345 
Coon,  Fayette  II       '  104 

Coon,  J.  J _  4-8 

Coon,  Pro.sser "  104 

Coon,  Wm.  M 98,435 

Cooney,  M.J 97,390 

Cooper,  Henrv  A. 
-  „„     „  320,  323,  914 

...315    Cooper,  Amos 9)4 

663    Cooper.  Gardiner 891 


^  ^    .  848,849 

Coffin,  A.  B 353 

Coffin,  Benj,  D., 

319,  321,  331,  925 

Coffin,  Chas.  H lOr 

Coffinbury,  .-Vndrew 

320,  365,  736 
Coffinbury,  J.  M., 

315,  .338,  368,  481 

Coffman,J.  C 797 

Coghlin,  Dennis, 

85,  95,  344,  349,  483,  813 
Coghlin,  Joseph..  85,  C94 
Coghlin  &  Brooks.—  485 

Colt,  George ;..  933 

Colbnrn, -i.  T 768 

Colburn,  George 819 

Colburn,  Jorathmel.  316 
Colburn,  Warren, 
93,    99,  3.54,  387,  420,  476 

Colburn,  Mrs.  W 831 

Colby,  Moses 810 

Colby,  Mrs.  Moses...  483 
Coldham,  James, 

99,  102,  482,  486 
Cole,  A.  H., 

864,  866,  870,  872,  89] 

Cole,  D 331,  366 

Cole,  P.  E 390 

Cole,  F.  J., 

85.  108,  120,  389,  476 

Cole,  F.  S 85 

Cole,  G.  H 390,  391 

Colo,  Hugh 102 

Cole,  James 

98,  102,  350,  483,  483 

Cole,  Harry .._  360 

Cole,  Mrs.  Julia 731 

Cole,  J.  E 97 

Cole,  O.  H. 96 

Cole,  Wm 94 

Cole,  W.  L 90 

Cole,  Wm.  E 350,  864 

Coleman,  .Austin...  678 
Coleman,  Samuel...  870 
CoUamore,  Geo.  A. 

92,  356,  366,  386 
CoUamore,  Miss  Nel- 
lie   116 

Collier,  Geo.  W 261 

Colligan,  Michael...  317 
Collins,  Miss  Agnes.  901 
Collins,  Dan.  A. 

96,  109,  388,  389 

Collins,  Mrs.  E 261 

Collins,  Mrs.  E.  R.  731,  733 
Collins,  Frank..  388,  683 


Combs,  Leslie 61,65    Cooper,  Isaac         _      882 

Comly,  GuyS 040    Cooper,  J.  B        "    ""  102 

Comly,  James  M 640    Cooper,  Kenyan  21 

Commager,  D.  H.,  Cooper,  L  """  ini 

357,  361,  .367,  477    Cooper,  NathauieY" "  I07 

Commager,  H.  S.,  Ckioper,  Peter    _  atis 

85,  315,  342,  344,  350,  353    Cooper,  Remington"  891 

,,484    Cooper,  T. 101 

Commager,  Mrs.  Henrv      Cooper,  Wm  sqa 

328,  891,  892    Cooper,  Wm.'-"H  477 

926    Copland,  H,...  475 

Comparet,  Francis..  925    Copeland,  Mrs   HaV- 
Comstock,  A.  J..  399,  400       riet 
Comstock,  Beebe, 

Comslock,  B.  B 102 

Comstock,  Calvin, 
819.  323,  331,  374,  384,  386 
Comstock,Darius  399,  400 

Comstock,  D.  O 399 

Comstock,  E 102 

Comstock,  H.  A.,  326,  892    CoreK  Joseph 
Comstock,  H.  W.,  100,  476    Corlett,  Ann..'."  685 
Comstock,  J.  M  ,  -.    ,        -  .  > 

100,354,  387,471,  496,683 

gomstock,  R.  H 480 
omstock,  S.  B., 
315.    326,    385,   392.  400 
478,  811 

Comstock,  Theo 416 

Comstock  &  Erwin  ..  480 

Conant,  Edwin H44 

Conant,  Horatio,  101,  319 

321,  365,   367,   463,   660, 

664,  ,S52,  926,  928,  930 

Conant,  J.  Edwin  ...  416 

Conant.  P.  C 99 

Conant,  Sallie  Lee 
Cone,  Calvin, 


_  ^  yon 

Copland,  John...""    97 

Copeland,  Wm .    77 

Corbusier,  J.  A. 

96,  475,  485 

Corey,  Abel  M 354 

Corey,  Mrs.  A.  M 722 

Corey,  John  B _  893 


•20 


Corlett,  John 483 

Corlett,  Thos 98  319 

Corlett,  Wm...S6,  88,"  263 

Corneau,  Peter 905 

Cornell,  .\lon20 97 

Cornell,  A.  B 432 

Cornell,  Ezra 432 

Cornell,  Moses 9.34 

Cornell.  Sylvester 330,331 

Corning,  .Solon 934 

Cornwell.  Elizabeth.  934 
Cornwell,  .John  P...  102 

Corser,  Edward 320 

Corson,  Mrs.  G.  W..  879 
.  844    Corwin,  H.  .S 803 

^  99,  107,  389,"  689.  733,  829  S^iS,'  'S^^l-  '''  ^ 

Cone,  E. 118  Cory,  EInathan.....' 843 

Cone,  Erastus 905  Cory,  John  B.  .  .320,  891 

Cone,  Noah  A in  Cosgrove,  H.  T            891 

Cone  N.  H.  107  Cosgrove,  Thomas!;  893 

Conkhu,  J.  R S13  Costello  John      440,442 


Conkling,  .1.  S 342 

Conlisk,  David 176 

Conlisk,  Maurice 350 

Conlisk,  Patrick...      121 
Connelly,  Ed.   ..120,  349 

Connelly,  Felix 388 

Conovan,  H.J...  99 

Courod,  T.  P. 


Coter,  Conrad .  923 

Cottrell,  Jared 3.38 

Cottrell,  Gorham 3.34 

Couch,  Samuel 928 

Coughlin,   Chas. 

98,  641,  6.50 

Coulson,  D.  J 98 

Counter,  Wm 104 


Consaul,  John,315,855,856  Courser,  Edward  "323 

Consaul,  Lewis 100  Coursin,  Francis  104 

Consaul,  Wm.393,83C,8.56  Courson.  George  "  905 

Comsaul,  W.  M lOO  Covert,  D  118 

Consaul,  Wm.  W....  688  CoweU,  Moses.  905 

Consign,  A.  C_ 66  Cowell,  Wm.  W  '    895 

Converse,  James  W.  Cowles,  Alvin  "  407 

320.321,923,925  Cowles,  Edwin  '650 

Converse,  John  P....  664  Cowles,  Prof.  Henry  408 


Converse,  J.  \\' 321 

Converse,  W.  A.  C. 

88,  89,  135,  689 

Conway,  John  A 96 

Conway,  P 391 


Cowlett,  James '.    92 

Cowling,  Eliza  Ann.  881 
Cowling,  Mrs.  John.  880 
Cowling,  Matthew..  917 
Cox,  J.  D 358 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


0.".".) 


Page. 
Coy,  Chnrles :00 

Gov,  C.  H. 

M,  1116,  317,  346,  475,496 
Co  vie,  James 

lOr,  35S,  366,  367 

Coyle,  Thos 391 

Cozzens,  Horatio  .-  3S5 
Cozzens,  II.  G.  82,337,  385 
Crabb,  Gershom 

118,  321,  905,  907 

Crabb,   Kev.  J -.  134 

Crabb,  Perry,  97,  475,  477 

Cram,  Col  T.J 169 

Crampton,  T 100 

Crane,  A.  W 855 

Crane,  Calvin..  387,  403 

Crane,  Chas.  A. 

94,  lUO,  110, 118,  342,  349, 

350,   351,    353,    356,  366, 

385,  686,  855 

Crane,  David 

34-3,  385,  814,  8.33 

Crane,  E.  G 96,  689 

Crane,  Gabriel 

99,  315,  854,  856 
Crane,  Mrs.  Gabriel.  855 
Crane,  Geo. 

399,  400,  402,  403 
Crandall,  Geo.  M.-..  101 
Crane,  Mrs.  G.  R.  116,  387 
Crane,  Harmon 

321,393,  8.36,  855 

Crane,  Harrison 807 

Crane,  H.  J-  86,  99,  855 
Crane,  Mrs.  Jeruslia.  682 
Crane,   Lydia  Jane..  693 

Crane,  Thos.  K 100 

Crane,  W,  F 803 

Crane.  Wm 102,  905 

Crandall,  W.R 102 

Crauker,  Peter 905 

Cranker,  W.  H 484 

Cratz,  Henry 478 

Cratz.W.  E 478 

Cravens,  Chas 359,  731 

Craven,  James, 

101,  914,  917 
Cravens,  Mrs  M.  J..  731 
Crawford,  A.  B,64,  66,  67 

Crawford,  C 97 

Crawford,  G  W. .331,850 

Crawford,  Wm 90,  91 

Cree.H.H 90,91,484 

Creed,  3.&  Co 925 

Crego,  Chauncey 81 

Crennan,  J.  D. 

85,  97,  120,  484 

Cressev.  Caleb    104 

Oressy,  Miss  Ellen...  879 
Cressey,  Josiah..l03,  878 

Cressev,  Osgood 103 

Cressey,  S.  VV,... 103, 107 

I'rim,  L.  S... 360 

Crittenden,  Augusta  86" 
Crittenden,   Newton 

E 934 

Crofts,  James 101 

Croghan,  Geo 6,  54,  58 

Cromaek,  J.  C 360 

Cromwell,  A.  N 346 

Cromwell,  Thos.  J...  328 

Croninger,  C.  A 479 

Cronenberg,  John  M  436 

Cronise,  Henry 341 

Crosby,  Alonzo, 

103,  882,  918 

Crosby,  Carlton 862 

Crosbv,  Daniel 103 

Crosby,  David 862 

Crosby,  Darwin 8B2 

Crosby,  D.  C 107 

Crosby,  D.  S 1«3 

Crosby,  F 1«3 

Crosby,  G.  P 85 

Crosby,  Lewis  ...103,  862 
Crosby,  O..-.  103,  910,  914 

Crosby,  V.  E 103,  862 

Crosby,  Wm 103 

Crosby,  Wm.  P 477 

Cross,  Charlotte 693 

Cross,  Hannah 914 

Cross.  Ralph  A 486 

Crossett,  H.  L 849 

Crossett,  M.  L 101 

Grossman,  C.  S 96 

Crossman,  Mrs.  C.  S.  116 

Crowe,  John 786 

Crowell,  Freeman  W  924 
Crowell ,  Tuman  W . .  932 

Crowell,  T.  W 76 

Crowell,  Wm 86 

Cruger.  W.  E 71 

Cuddeback,  Seth 476 


Page. 
Cuddy,  Wm 660 

Cullison,  W.  W..362,  367 
CuUmore,  .\nnaM..  875 

Culver,  C.J -..    99 

Culver,  C.  P 482 

Cummer,  E.  L -    98 

Cummings,  G.  W 485 

Cumnaings.  John, 

85,  96.  224,  360,  390,  475 
477,  787,  803,  837,  887 

Cummings,  J.  D 844 

Cummings,  J.  W., 

81,  353,  .36a,  367,  388 
C'ummings,  Robert, 

30,  85,  96,  349,   351,  355 

366,  391,475,484,689,724 
Cummings, Mrs.  Kobt  832 
Cummings,  Wm., 

357,  366,  425,  477,  833 
Cunningham,  James  96 
C'unningham.  J.as.  2d  96 
Cunningham,  Jas.  J.  484 
Cunningham,  John.  97 
Cunningham,  Pat...  98 
Cunningham,  Wni--  lOO 

Cuueo,  Petro 043 

Curtis,  Alva 64,  66 

Curtis,  C.  F., 

360,  389,  416, 476,491),  773 

Curtis,  Chas.  P 99 

Curtis,  Daniel  B 892 

Curtis,  E.  A 477 

Curtis,  George 883 

Curtis,  Herman 882 

Curtiss,  H.J. ,340, 719,  913 

Curtis,  H.  M 98 

Curtis,  J.  C 360 

Curtis,  J.  F 98 

Curtiss.  L.  G 643 

Curtis,  S.D 98 

Curtis,  S.  L.... .3.59 

Curtis,  S.  S.. 486 

Curtis,  S  T 358 

Curtis,  Theo.  J 89,  90 

Curtis,  Watkins  &.  Co  471 

Gushing,  L.. 100 

Custer,  Geo.  A 65,  66 

Cuthbert,  N.  M 932 

Cutter,  Orlando 452 

Cutway,  Wm 96 

DAGGETT,  Smith  321 
Daiber,  John 

689,  903 

Daily,  W.  S... 391 

Dakin,  W.  0 784 

Dale,  Thos 350 

Daly,  Wm.8 786 

Daniels,  Miss  E.  B...  735 
Daniels,  Harriet  W. 

373,  693 
Daniels,  M.  H. 
303,  319,   366,   368,   384, 
392,  393,  807 
Daniels,  B.  C. 

85,  344,  366,  476,  481 
Daniels,  Thomas, 

482,  485,  676,  881 
Daniels,  Mrs.  Thos..  831 

Daniels,  W.  C 689 

Daniels,  W.  J. 

316,  3.85,  408,807,  808 
Daniels,  Wm.  P. 

314,  326,  331,366,367, 

402,  404,  757,  807 

Daniels  &  Goettell..  480 

Daniels,  W.  J.  &  Co.  371 

Danielsou.G.  F 787 

Danzey,  John 389 

Darian,  Eli... 360 

Darke  Geo.  A 643 

Darling,  Cyrus 427 

Darling,  Henry 637 

Darling,  Mrs.  .Susan.  484 

Darlington,  J 810 

Darlington,  T 810 

Darlington,  T.  &  S..  374 

Darst.  Lillie 64i 

Dart,  Ashbel 374 

Darti  .Mott 3J4 

Darlon,  George 866 

Davis  Brothers 768 

Davis,  Cvrus 842 

Davis,  David 360 

Davis,  Frances 693 

Davis,  G.  W. 
360,  388,  391,  495,  476,  831 

Davis,  Hiram 315,  .844 

Davis,  H.  M 66 

Davis,  H.  W 64,  66 

Davis,  J.  Baron, 

322,  384, 668,  818 
Davis,  J.  C 861,389 


Page. 

Davis,  J.  H -..  785 

Davis,  John  S 782 

Davis,  Lemuel  H 781 

Davis,  R.  H 917 

Davis,  Samuel 914 

Davis,  Thos.  B.... 66,  735 

Davis,  T.  D 308 

Davis,  V.  B 66 

Davis,  Wm.  B _    64 

Davis,  Wilson 849 

Dawson,  Alex 811 

Dawson,  George 336 

Day.  D:  W.  H 415 

Day,  Edward  P 648 

Day,  Elam 814 

Day,  JohnF 924 

Day,  Mahlon 402 

Day,  M.  W...  .89,  486,496 

Day,  Richard 360 

Dayor,  W 66 

Deal,  David 64 

Dealls,  David 923 

Dean,  James.877, 878,  879 

Dean,  Oliver 689 

Dean,  T.  B 76 

Debolt,  Joseph 878 

De  Bolt,  Michael....  878 

Deck,  A 882 

Decker,  Charles 849 

De  Chovin,  Jean 65 

De  Forest,  H 481 

Degnan,  P.  H 1  390 

De  Groff,  Wm 323 

Deidrick,  John 486 

DeLand,  Hall..  .  65,  66 

Delaney,  Joseph 317 

Delano,  Columbus  ..    15 

Demmon,  Henry 403 

De  Mott,  C.  W 876 

De  Mott,  Ellison 

875,  877,  878 
De  Mott,  Samuel  321,  878 

De  Mott,   Wm 320 

Demuth,  Asher 910 

Demuth,  W.  J -.  917 

Denman,  R.  C.  .322,836,934 
Dennett,  Chas.  R. 

317,  352,  483,  641 

Dennis,  Chas 353 

Dennis,   C.  C 419 

Dennis,  John  A 477 

Dennison,  Geo  F.  85,  485 
Denuison,  Wm...  11,  15 

DePew,  John 938 

De  Rivera,  J 32 

Dermot,  Allison 319 

Deshler,   D   W 844 

Detwiler,   I.  H 476 

Deveau,  Jas. 

85,  689,  758,  781 
Devoe,  H.  W....  477,  478 

Dewese,  Samuel 64 

Dewey,  D.  C --    85 

Dewey,   Fitch .360 

Dewey,  Mrs.  Fitch..  888 

DeWitt,  J.  L 362 

Dewey,  Louis 350 

Dewey,  Wm.  D 430 

Dewey,  Wm.  F. 
316,    366,   342,  844,  430, 
890,  891,  892,  893 

Dewey  &  Green 891 

DeWolf,  Daniel  F.  360,636 
DeWolf,   Mrs.  D.  F..  722 

DeWolf,  L.  C- 496 

Dezendorf,  J.  D 689 

Dicks,  Wm.  B 465 

Dicks,  Wm.  B.,  Jr...  476 

Dickinson,  F.  H 882 

Dickinson,  Miss  M.C.  831 

Dickson,  C.  P 83 

Dietrich,  Robt 349 

Dilgart,  Henry 

319,  866,  878 

Dilgart,  Mrs.  H 866 

Dillon,  John 360 

Dills,  Adam 914 

Diuius,  George 850 

Dinius,  Wm 850 

Divine,  Daniel 87S 

Divine,  John...  337,  877 

Divine,  Joseph 877 

Divine,  Samuel 
340,  366,  844,  877,  878,892 

Divine,  Sally 878 

Divine,  Selali  320, 677, 878 

Dixon,  G.  S. 907 

Doane,  David  C 445 

Doane,  L.  W., 

351,366,484,  485 

Dobbins,  Mason 320 

Dobbins,  Thos.,  315,  878 
Dudd,  Alfred  Guy...  693 


Page. 

Dodd,  Clarence 916 

Dodd,  Elijah, 
94.  101,  343,  347,  350,  366 
914,  91C 
Dodd,  E.  B., 

77,  337,  391,  818 
Dodd,  E.  S., 

77,  83,  224,  322,  338,  !M1 
.359,  365,  385,  401,  668,  690 

Dodd,  Fanny  J 916 

Dodd,  H.H.. 474,  482,  68S 

Dodd,  H.  W 86 

Dodd,  John.. 1111 

Dodd,  Sanuiel 91<) 

Dodd,  Wm 77,  89,  358 

Dodd,  W.  S 484,  770 

Dodson,  Geo.  W 21 

Dodge,  Chas., 
99,  106,  344,  360, 362,  484 
689,  720 
Dodge,  Fred.  B., 

88.  112,  388,  -178,  049,  788 
Dodge,  Luther, 

314,  338,  881 

Dodge,  S 297 

Doeble,  Louis 486 

Doerfler,  John 8;il 

Dolbear,  A.  E 437 

Dolbv,  Robert 905 

Dolp'h,  0 102 

Dolph,  Geo.  P 102 

Doncyson,  C 90 

Donelson,  Park  S  ...  585 
Donolson,  Mrs.  P.  S-  722 

Donovan,  Daniel 893 

Dooley,  A.  G...85,  89,  96 
Dooley,  Albert  S....  689 
Dooley,  A.  G.&B.  H.  485 
Dooley,  Greenfield..  99 
Dooley,  M...107,  387,  475 

Doolittle,  A.  H 313 

Doolittle,  C.  C. 

90,  91,  226,  496 

Doolittle,  David 313 

Doolittle,  James  J. . .  97 
Doolittle,  Mrs.  J.  C.  484 
Doolittle,  Richard  ..    98 

Doren,  Isaac 879 

Doren,  John 102,  879 

Doren,  Thomas 879 

Dorsey .  Joseph 99 

Dorfer,  Joan 484 

Dority,  James, 

99,  107,  387,  423,  485 

Dormer,  Lewis 98 

Dorr,  CM., 
29,  82,  110,  156,  208,  315 
387,  642,  809 

Dorr,  Mrs.  C.  M 809 

Doster,  John —    98 

Doty,  Almeda -  893 

Dotv,  L 389 

Dougherty,  John 107 

Douglass,  George 906 

Douglas,  Horace 484 

Douglas,  Richard...  3:34 

Douglas,  S.  A 348 

Douglass  &  Jennings  480 

Dowling,  Patrick,358,  366 

Dowling,  P.  H. 

90,224,346,425,477,802, 

812 

Down,  Samuel 916 

Downer,  H.  C 103 

Downs.  J.  J 97 

Dowrin.Wm 913 

Doyle.  John  H. 
86,  98,  121,  363,  359,  861, 
497,  803 

Doyle,  Lawrence 694 

Doyle,  M.  B..100, 121,  860 

Dovle&  Dickey 447 

Drake,  Daniel 14 

Drake,  Hiram 878 

Draper,  E.  D 477,  478 

Draper,  James 68 

Draper,  Luke, 
319,  322,  360,  392,893,668, 
682 

Draper,  M.  K 689 

Dresser,  C.  .V 391 

Driggs,  S.  W 642 

Driver.  Henry.. ..842, 847 

Droessler,Jo5eph 905 

Drown,  John 358 

Drum,  L.  C 64 

Drummond,  A.  U...  340 
Drummond,  Jared..  924 
Drummond,  C.  M...  878 
Driimmond,  John  N. 

476,  831 
Dudley,  Lymnu 

826,  »10,;913 


Page. 

Duell,  Silas  J 867 

Duden,  O.  A 3!K) 

Dunbar,  Wm 643 

Duncan,    Isaac 102 

Dunham,  I).  B 486 

Dunham,  Wm.  E.  ..    77 

Diinlnp,  lU)bert 917 

Dunlap,  Thos. 
85,  97,  106,  314,  .^2,  849, 
365,  402,  477,   481,    688, 
781,  735 

Dunn.G.  C 483 

Dunn,    H i'lO 

Dunn,  Thomas 879 

Dunner,  Thomas 103 

Dunn,  Willt  97 

Dunning,  Erasmus  D  iWl 

Dunning,  Goo.  F 96 

Duruiing,  Mrs.  G.  F.  116 

Dnpimt,  J 102 

Dupont.  John  B 102 

Durbin,    E.  A 99 

Dnrbin,  Wm 413 

Durell,  Wm KIO 

Durfee,  Elijah 892 

Dnrfev    Daniel 891 

Dnrgiii.  Daniel 3.38 

Durgiu,  Samnel ;J40 

DnrTan,  C.  A  391 

Durkee,  Sebastian..  104 

Durlett,  A.F !K15 

Duscnijury,  Joseph.  337 
Dusha.  Augustus...  102 
Dushalter,  John....  906 

Dnsseau,  I.ewis '.M! 

Dustin,Selah 439 

Dustin,   W.  H 96 

Duston,  K.  S 486 

Dutchcr,  R.  B 862 

Dwight,   .\ngustus..  924 

Dwight,  Mi.ss  A 4,67 

Dwight,  Chauncey.-  457 

Dwight,  J 77 

Dwight,  Justus 315 

Dyar,  Ferris  W 650 

Dyer,  Eseck.— 914 

Dyer,   E.  M 102,  918 

Dyer,    E.  B 102,  913 

Dyer,  Nathaniel 648 

Dyer,  Stephen..  107.  914 
Dyer,  Wm.  H. 

9b,  107,  388,  476 
Dygert,  K.  S 82,  112 


EAGER,  Wm.  U.. 
Eagle,  Harry.. 

Eagle,  Heury  S 

Eagley,  Jacob 

Earl,  John  H - 

Earl,  S 

Earl,  Wra 

Earl,  Mrs.  Wra 

Earl,  Wm.  C. 

85,  94,  99,  106,  348 
(HI,  731, 

Eastman,  Gviy 

Eastman,  G.  C . 

Eastwood,  Asa 

Eastwood,  Ellen  — 

Eastwood,  John 

Eastwood,  Lewis, 

101,  910, 
Eiistwood,  Lina...  . 

Eastwood,  Sarah 

Eaton,  Miss  Carrie.. 

Eaton,  E.  11 

Eaton,  E.  P 

Eaton,  Fred. 

100,  112,  476.  76.'',  782 
Eaton,  Mrs.  Fred... 

Eaton,  James  A 86 

Eaton,  John, 
111,  123,  161, 162, 4.s:) 

Eberly,  Jacob 

Eccles,  Charles 

Eceles,  John 

Eek,  J.  S - — 

Eck,  Mrs.  L.  F 

Ei'kert,  J.  W 

Eddelnuiii,  Aaron... 
Eddy,  Azariah  &  Co. 
Eddy,  Chas.  11. 

98,  356,  724, 

Eddy,  Henry  W 

Eddy,  Jacob 

Eddy.  N.  W...  86,90, 
Eddy,  Samuel, 

315,  326,  384, 

Edgar,  Mark 

Edgerton,  A.  P. 
:i43,  344.  346,  402,492, 

I'Ulison,  Thos 

Edisun,  Thomas  A.. 


770 
471 
482 
IM 
913 
97 
932 
932 


638, 
832 
914 
913 
910 
910 
910 

914 
910 
910 
117 
102 
107 

;,787 
116 
.,  99 

,1.42 
912 

882 
8.sa 
809 
723 
861 
66 
482 

812 
649 
U24 

485 

480 
99 

670 
15 

437 


940 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


Ewing,  Mrs.  M.  P.. .832 
Ewing,  Samuel, 

370,  663,  847,  928 
Ewing,  Thos..  15, 334,  356 
Ewing,  Wm_859,  660,  847 
Ewing,  Wm.  A 123 


„ ,  Page. 

Edmunds,  John  L  .    934 

Edsil,  D.  V 96,  934 

Edwards,  E.  R 390 

Edwards.  Paul.. 85,  87,88 

Eells,  C.  B 85,  98 

Eells,  C.  B.  &  Co 482 

Eells,  C.  V 771 

Eggert.  Chas 98 

Eggleston,  Almon...  446 
Eggleston,  Hiram...  100 

Eggleston,  N.  A 389 

Bggleston.iPhilander  480 

Eggleston,  W.  A 496 

Egnew,  James, 

104,  320,  338,  841,  87S, 
880,  881 

Elder,  James 321 

Elder,  J.  B 650 

Eldred,  Alfred 315 

Eldridge,  Alfred  J. 

344,  350,  366,  913 
Eldridge,  John  E. 

86,  89,  479 
Eley,  Asaph 104 

lleT^'M"""" ^Z     Fairchild,' Benjamin 

KlI  1  -   ■ ""' 


FAHNESTOCK,  A.  A. 
22,  99 
Fahnestoek,  J.  J  99 

Fahuestock,  J.  N 689 

Fahnestoek,  M.  A...    96 
Fahnestoek,  Richard 

„C 694 

Fahnestoek,  E.  E 486 

Fair,  J.  A 860 

Fair,  Lydia 860 

Fairbanks,  A.  W 
331,   .342.  386,  638,  641, 
643.  650,  688.  792 
Fairbanks  &  Millard  480 
Fairchild,  Alonzti 

104,  870,  873 
Fairchild,  Mrs.  A_      723 


21 

100 
650 
99 
90 
90 


John 103 

Elliott,  Andrew 102 

Elliott,  C 90 

Elliott,  D.  E 322 

Elliott,  Francis 893 

Elliott,  Isaac  B.  .       104 

Elliott,  J 103 

Elliott,  John...  924 

Elliott,  S 917 

Elliott.  Wm 103 

Ellis,  Almond 892 

Ellis,  Foster 100 

Ellis,  J.  W 476 

Ellis,  Towusend  314,  898 

Ellison,  T.    H 85,  86 

Elserman,  Peter  ..      98 

Ely,  Delia 867 

Ely,  H.  B 434 

Ely,  Henry  C.  104,  111,366 
Emerson,  Geo. 

391,  476,758,  761,810,831 
Emerson,  Geo.  W        103 

Emery,  J.  H. 358,  367 

Emery,  Jno 313,  334 

Emmick,  Vincent  J.  653 

Emyel,  Geo 368 

Enders,  Alf 99 

Enderton,    John 96 

Englehardt,  E..  389,  649 
Englehardt,  W.  W..  101 

English,  Joseph 326 

Enright,  M.  J. 

356,  365,  789,  802 

Ensign,  F.  A loi 

Ensign,  H.  \. —  98,  116 
Ensign,  John  0....    913 

Ensign,  W.  0 348 

En  tew,  Francis  ...      102 

Ephart,  C 830 

Erwin,  J.  W 734 

■Este,  Geo.  P., 

S5,  86,  94,  124,  305,348, 
352,  484,  819 

Estell,  Richard 101 

Estell,  Experience ..  694 

Estile.TJ 482 

Espy,  H 85 

Espy,  Jno.  C.  _ 341 

Bssing,  W.  F 99 

Esterly,  M.  J 882 

Esty,  H.  P 


870,  891,  892 

Fairchild,  E 882 

Fairchild,  Jefferson.  104 
Fairchild,  Leonard    891 

Falk,  Jacob 877 

Fallcy,  Frederick..    661 

Fallis,  E.  0 810 

Fallis,  Henry  D...      648 
Fancher,  Jacoh 

315,  345,  353,  914 
Fargo,  Charles..  8'^ 
Farley,  Benj....  lis",  821 

Farley,  D.  H 104 

Farley,  Geo.  E 86 

Farley,  Geo.  F..  86 

Farley,  James 

^    ,  104,864,867,891 

Farley,  John 

101,  724,  782,  788,  867 

Farmer,  D.  P 328 

Farmer,  J.  E 849 

Farmer,  Wm "  481 

Farnham,J.  B 98 

Farnham,  Isaac 102 

Earner,  E.  R...  104 

Earns,  Harrison 104 

Farnsworth,  Benj  928 
Farnsworth,  Ida..'..  916 
Farnsworth,  John  P.  102 
Farnsworth,  Harriet  914 
Farnsworth,  Ralph 

320,  912,  913 
Farnsworth,   W.  G      916 

Farrel,   J ,  357 

Farrington,   J..  io7,  108 

Faskiu,  John 360 

Faskin,  Peter 97,  689 

Fassett,  Elias  687,  689,  854 
Fas3ett,E.H..342,392,393 
Fassett,  Elias  S...  100 
Fassett,  M.  R .  '98 

Faulkner,  C.  R..  101 
Fa.xon,  W.  R..  up 

Fearing,  Paul...  .  '"  9 
Feilbach.  C...  830 

Fella,  John  B...  ""  98 
Fellowes,  Isaac.  474 
Fellows,  J.  W....  '"668 

Felt,  James  M 878 

Feno,  Francis  M  9,34 
Ferguson,  C.  W.  357'  363 


pt^'-     ,      -C ■*'■"'     Ferguson,  George     '  90'" 

^«,"%^°^^P''- >f!"     E^'--™.  Charles.!!:::  m^ 


Ettln.'F.  D 97 

Euranius,  Chas ::  258 

Evans,  Alvin, 

313,  320,  660,  904,  905 
Evans,  Charles.  ..904,  905 

Evans,  E.  T 457 

Evans,  Frank 8.50 

Evans,  Fred.  T 914 

Evans,  F.  Y 354 

Evans,  George  W 912 

Evans, James 867 

Evans,  R.  L 48'5,  689 

Everett,  C.  VV....261,  388 

Evers,  C.  W 357 

Eversman,  E.  A..389,  766 
Everts,  T.  C, 

341,  343,  385,  689,  811 

Evison,  Wm 102 

Evrard.  Chas...      "  484 

Ewalt,  Jos 66 

Ewing,  A.  H. 328, 374,  680 

Ewing,  A.  H  ,  Jr 97 

Ewing,  Anthony 847 

Ewing,  Ephraim 928 

Ewing,  Martin  B  ..      123 


Ferris,' J.  m:::::::::'  417 

Fey,  George m  391 

Fey,    1 1  rich  9s 

Fick,  John "  ino 

Field.  A.  J.  ""    "" 

„.  , .  „  386,  474,  482,  779 
Held,  Mrs.  Jeanuette 

Field,  Mrs.  Harriet 
Field  &  King    . 
Fifleld,  D.  S 
Fifleld,  Ed... 
Fifleld,  E.  J 
Fifleld,  James  S. 

98,  99,  485,  689 

Files,  A.  W 879 

Finch,  Asahel,  Jr.      400 
Finch,  A.  J.  91 

Pinch,  E.  R...: :::::  337 

Finch,  G.  W..  90  91 

Fincel,  Fred 914 

Findlay,  Jas 52,  642 

Fmelrock,  T.  P     3.53  357 

Fink,  Joseph '850 

FiDk,  L.  T 878 


Finlay,  Wm.  J.        ^'^'■ 
96,  120,  255,  .353,  476,  485 

Finney^  F.N 96,387 

Fish,  Wm  . 

Fish,Wm.  H 

Fishback,  G  W 

Fisher,  A.  W 

Fisher,  B.  H 

Fisher,  B.  U 

Fisher,  Cyrus, 
314,  334,  660,  664,757,811 

Fisher,  C.  M..  97 

Fisher,  David ::    98 

Fisher,  Dexter  .  900 

Fisher,  Ebenezer..      757 

Fisher,  Henry 892 

Fisher,  John  A...         98 

Fisher,  N 339 

Fish-qua-gun  (Chief)  852 
Jisk,  C...  89 

Piek,  Chas.  H  ...  '  '    97 

Fisk,  J.  B 98,  107,  477 

Fisk,  L  97 

Fisk,  w.  c.'.'.:::::'98, 475 

Fiske,  J.  M  _    477 

Fitch,  Ed.  H 42'2,  693 

Fitch,  P.  C 323 

Fitch,  John, 
97.314,320,331,3.38,344, 
353,  360,  365,  385,  480,807 
Fitch,  John  V! ....  89 
Fitch,  Miss  Julia...  116 
Fitch.  Simeon.Jr  429,476 
Fitch  &  McBain  48'' 

Pite,  A.  T '     97 

Fitts.Berry 93 

Fitts,  J...  97 

Fitz,  B. "  475 

Fitzgerald,  Francis..  98 
Fitzgerald,  Michael.  98 
Fitzpatrick,  Joseph.  85 
Fitzpatrick,  Pat.         486 

Flagg,  John  A 117 

Flagg,  Junius, 

315,  323,   3.38.   341,  .351, 

366,   .384,  385,  667,  670, 

**11.814 

Flagg,  Junius  A..  97,  690 

Flagler,  Rev.  Isaac, 

^,     ,  669,  719, 809 

Fleeharty,  John...     440 

Fleming,  J.  F 927 

Fletcher,  J.  E 310 

Fletcher,  Samuel ...    9:j4 

Flinn,  Patrick 878 

Flinn,  R.  D 831 

Flint,  C.  H "  100 

Flint,  Edward 881 

Flint.  E.  ,S 420 

£;ut,H.  S 881 

Flint,  Timothy...         69 
Flower,  S.  W  477 

Floyd,  G.  W 4.39 

Flynn,  J.  P 99 

Flynn,  H.  E 99 

Flynn,  Patrick...  120',  877 

Flynn,  Wm 386,  878 

Foggett,  John 420 

Foley,  J.  B 83,641 

Foley,  M 101 

Folger,  Jacob...  390.  906 
Follett,  Foster  M....  494 

Follett,  Oran 451 

Folsom,  B 99 

Fontaine,  Eugene  788,793 
Fontaine,  L.  A 100 


_  Page. 

Foreman,  J.  B..  349,  351    Fuller,  Harriet 

Forest,  Geo.  J. 4I8    Fuller,  Henry 

Fork,  John  H 107    i--"-  "  -  ' 

Forrester,  Patrick...  934 

For.syth,  .\lex.  C 101 

Forsyth,  Allen  H 89 

Forsyth.  Mrs.  Almira  926 
Forsyth,  Miss  C.  S       813 
Forsyth,  Mrs.   Char- 
lotte T....  2.34,  252,  813 

Forsyth,  D.  H 71 

Forsyth,  G.  Duncan 


Page. 

..  865 

Fuller,' H.H.'.: 429 

Fuller,  John  W. 

85,88,  89,    90,    161,    162, 
^    „  .349,425,484 

Fullerton,J.  S  ..         226 

Fuller,  Philo  C 401 

Fuller,  Norton 865 

Fuller,  W.  S.  314 

Fuller,  Willard  J....  891 
Fullerton,  Robert...  8,82 


233,813  Fullerton,  Wra....      003 

Forsyth,  James  A.  Fulton,  Gus.  G            .360 

234,  328,  338,  470,  813,  Fulton,  JohnG""8'5  89 

88.3,924,927  Fulton,  Mr.s.  J.  g/'iTh 

forsyth,  James  W.  Furney,  George             98 

V        ,u   ...     ,    '''"'•  ^13  Furey,  John  ....  "7"6',  442 

Forsyth,  Miss  M.  A..  813  Furst,  Joseph               161 

Forsjih,  Robert  A.  Futzna,  J  5 


101,  326,  328,  338,   346, 

366,  465,  660,  757.   .S52, 

870,  924,  928,  930 

For.syth,R.  J 859 


66 


C:;i  AGE,  L.  L 81 
A     Gaither,  Henry 


64,  60 


Forsyth,  Hazard  i'Co  446    Gale,  George' 
iospvett,  Joel 360    Gale,  Lewis..::';"""  882 

X'^kTm,  361,  ■"  ^■^'^^'''  i"'^"-"-'"-  «=« 


Foster,  F.  E... 
Foster,  James. 


475  Galloway,  Pat.  H' 

13,  925  85,  121,  .SS7,  816 

-.477  Galloway,  Samuel.      .3(5 

439    Galpin,  Leman 90,  91 


Foster,  John....::::  917    Galvert,  Wm 


Foster,  P.   H  ... 

Foster,  Wm.  S 485 

Foty,   Patsv 104 

Fought,  George 103 

Foulk,  Jacob I03 

Fiiuike,  Jus 65,  66 

Foulkes,  Mrs.  R.  R    119 
Fountaine,  E.. 
Fowler,  S.  M.... 
Fox,  -Vlexander. 


Gambv,  C.  A. 

Gamby,  T.  G 

Ganar'ke,  Simeon  . 
Ganson,  Joseph  F. 

Gaper,  Joseph 

Gardner,  Adam.. 
Gardner,  A.  A 

866  Gardner,  D.  E 

867  85,  93,  106,  116,  350,  682, 
835 


360 
101 
101 

66 
934 
103 
691 

98 


Fox,   Audiew 101  Gardner,  E  .., 

Fox,  Merceno,  326,855,905  Gardner,  Georg'e'N""  104 

Fox,   Philander 855  Gardner,  J  B  "" 

Fox,  Samuel 321  392,  808,  811,  814 

1  ox,  ft.  E.. 485  Garduer,  Nathan ,358, 855 

*rat,  Henry..  102  Gardner.  Robert.854,  855 

Fraker,   Mrs.  J .880  Gardner,  R  S..  359 

|_ranch  man,  Michael  856  Gardner,  Wm   P   "'s"9  99 

Francisco,  A.  W 640  Gardner,  Libby  &"Co  446 

Fran  ken  berger,  J.  C.  Gardiner,  John    409  905 

^       ,  ,  224,  .358  Garfield,  A.  H  99 

Franklin,  Benj. &45  Garfield,  George  ""  360 

Frary,   Calvin 925  Garfield,James  .i  226  227 

Fray,  D.  W ....102  Garfield,  James  H    11,15 

Fray,  Mrs.  E.  S.  731,  732  Garlick,  D  ...        332  366 

Fra.'ier,  G 484  Garner,  John. 92 

Ioniser,  Spencer  L.  89,  99  Garner,  Joseph       99  387 
"" '        ■"■  Garner,  Richard  .:.    485 


Frasicr,  Sli.ss  A.  L...  821 
Freant,  Charles...  914 
Freatenborough,  W  J 

^     ,     .  ,  ^"'  350 

Frederick,    C 361 

Freeman,   D.  S 484 

Freeman,  Eli  934 

Freeman,  Ira 831 

Freeman,  J.J 

Freeman,  Jolin  P. 


Garrett,  Wm.  P...86,  479 
Garrison,  Samuel.       81 

Garry,  Pat 388 

Gassaway,  George  97,  477 

Gatel,C 99 

Gates,  Wm....337:  477,787 

Gatzer,  Jacob 481 

.  614    Gavin,  John, 

82,  89,  114  .348,  483 


85,  92,  343,  .344,  351,  367,  Gavin,  John  C  89 

385,  387,  4S5,  772,  792  Gavin,  Patrick.-  iio  317 

Freeman,  S.  W.  Gavin,  H...  89 

353,  .354,:J87,  689  Gavin,  Hugh  96 

Prehart,  John 315  Gavitt,  Elnathan  c" 


.323 

12 

224 

438 


694 

474 
99 
97 
98 


Foote,  G.  W. 
Foraker,  J.  B, 
Foram,  O.  C 
Forbes,  E.  K. 
Forbes,  S.  F. 

261,387,390,486 

I'orce,  M.  F 22.3 

Ford,  Amos '"  867 

Ford,  Charles  104,  864, 867 

Ford,  Electa 887 

Ford,  Eugene  F  .        104 

Ford,  Fidelia 867 

Ford,  James  103,  I07:  108 
Ford,  J.  D. 

355,  365,  390,  423,  831 

Ford,  J.  R 877 

Ford,  Geo.  F...  104,  107 

Ford,   Levi 104 

Ford,  Lucius  L 104 

Ford,  Otis 104 

Ford,  Seabury...         11 

Ford,  S.  A 99 

Ford,  Wallace  R 104 

Ford,    Wm 313 

Ford,    W.  H 99 

Fordham,  Geo.  J  7 


French,  Abel 
French,  Bronson 

French,  E.  R 

French,  Isaac  . 

French,  J.  C 

French,  J.  J 


—  403  8>.H,  906,  915 

—  65    Gaylord,  Wm.  S.         337 
...  388    Gebhart,  Jno  ..  66 

...402    Gee,  John 905 

...  348    Gee.  Wm... 81 

Geelan  Michael  . 


9^.i\^.3m,^a,m    Geer,  Betsey  Ann ::"  880 
French,  John  R 286    Geer,  B.  T. 


French,  Thomas 
French,  Wheeler, 

77,  344,  924 
French,  Wm.  T. 

96,  485,  689 
Frcntz,  Henry  C.  99,  486 

Frisbee,  J.  C 86 

Frost,  E.  S. 

338,  340,  342,  366,  870. 


104,  106,  111,  348, 


883 
880 


Geer,  F.  B.. 
Geer,  Laura 

Geere,  O.  C 927 

Geer,  Wakeley  ...       880 

Geer,  W.  W S80 

Gerkins,  E.  E 478 

Gherkins,  John  .485,  817 


Frost,  G 

Frost,  Lewis 878 

Frost,  Lewis  W 478 

Frost,  Linas 877 

Frost,  Wm 870 

Frost,  W.  A 895 

Frothingham,  John.    89 
Frothingham,  J.  B..    89 

Fulk,  Jacob 878 

Fuller,  Eliza 


913,924    Gherkins,  J.  H 9s 

""    Gherring,  Jacob 100 

Geigcl,  F.  F 101 

Geiger,  Henry. 101 

Geisert,  Casper...       484 

Geitter,  W.  C 97 

Gelzer,  Jacob 107 

Gendron,  Peter 792 

George,  John  S..4S4,  694 

Gerrans,  James 819 

Gerrsbir,  John loi 


Fuller,  E.W 346    Gerwick',  Geo. 


102 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


941 


Paae. 

Gibbs,  Almon 'J8« 

Gibbs,  Chloe 328 

Gibbs,  D,  W 362,  810 

Gibbs,  G.S 385 

Gibbs,  Joua bW 

^'     35S,'3l)0,  361,  30U,  867 

Gibenv,  Sivmuel 334 

Gibsou,  A.  K.  &Co.-  480 
Gibbon,  Johu  ...103,  lOi 

Gibbous,  R.  J 388 

Gibson,  Matthew  ...  66 
Gibson,  MclJ.R— .90,91 

Gibson,  T.  R.. -..■-,-  "" 
Gibsou,  Win.  H.. 244,  S62 
Giddings.  J.  K---345,  3'i4 

Giftbrd,H.  W M 

Gilber,  James 928 

Gilbert,  A.  W 101 

Gilbert,  E.M. 408 

Gilbert,  James 93- 

Gilbert,  Jarvis, 

320,  323,  924 
Gilbert,  Jonathan  ..  104 
Gilbert,  J.  W.&  Co..  480 
Gilbert,  Mrs.  Mary..  923 
Gilbert,  Natbauicl..  932 

Gilbert,  Smith 101 

Gilbert,  S.  L 323,  924 

Gilljert,  Stephen  \V.  933 
Gilbert,  Thomas  L.  Jr., 

Gilchrist,  C.'H 102 

Gildea,  John 120 

Gildersleeve,  J.  W...  100 

Gill,  M.  H 97,690 

Gill, William 103 

GiUan,  J.  B 866 

Gillette,  Mile 914 

Gillette,  Orrin 914 

Gillett,  R.  II 103 

Gillett,  R.  W-102,  107,117 

Gilmau.  Edward 481 

Oilman,  J.  W 101 

Gilmore,  A.. -  386 

Gilmore,  H  C 98 

Gilmore,  James 99 

Gilmore,  Q.  A 15 

Gillrom,  John 101 

Gilruth,  .James 844 

Gilson,  1>.  P 102 

Girdham.  Gee. .104,  882 

Gitskey,  Benj 98 

Gitsliy,  B.  J 771 

Gitsliv,  Joseph 98 

Gitsky,  Moses 771 

Gitsky,  R.- 98 

Glass,  Harlow 480 

Gleason,  A.  W., 

89,  100,  107,  483 

Gleason,  F.D. 99 

Gleason,  Mrs.  M.  B..  732 
Gleason,  Thos...313,  914 
Gleason,-Mrs.  Thos..  914 

Glenn,  H.  P — .  846 

Glenn,  Nathaniel  ...  905 

Glenn,  V 846 

Glenn,  Wm 816 

Glenon,  Martin 258 

GU'ssner,  Lewis 643 

Glidden,  H.  A 386 

Glifette,  Lewis 924 


Page. 

Goodson,  JohuW...    92 

Goodwin,  E.  M 734 

Goodwin,  J.K 66 

Goodwin,  Thos 448 

Gorduier,  Adam  A..  888 

Gordiuier,  B.  C 104 

Gordinier,  Edwin, 

347,  35-1,  366,  888 
Gordinier,  Jane  M..  730 
Gordiuier,  John  1...  892 

Gordiuier,  Wm 892 

Gorgen,  John 98 

Gorman,  Thos 104 

Gorman,  Wm 99 

(ionld,  J.  W 390 

Gould.  Orrin  B 162 

Goulden,  M.  M..348,  387 
(iove,  George  W  , 

99,  485,  0S9 
Gower,  Robert, 

303,  313,  319,  366 

Gowman,  Wm 107 

Gradolph,  Chas 96 

Gradolph,  Fred.  783,  906 

Grager,  Thos 735 

(rraham,  E 813 

Graham,  Dr.  Hosmer, 

316,  348,  638,  81S 

Graham,  Norton 348 

Graham,  Pat....  486,  694 

Graham,  Thos 479 

Gramer,  John 98 

Granger,  A.  C 102 

Granger,  Francis  104,  357 
Granger,  Gordon  224,  254 
Granger,  Miss  Miran- 
da  

Granger,  Thos.  W... 
Granger,  V.  W..  771 
Granger  Brothers...  482 

Grant,  D.  D 830 

Grant,  Flavel 361 

Grant,  Fred.  D 124 

Grant,  L.Y 66 

Grant,  U.S...  11,15,  123 

Grasser,  Joseph 485 

Gratney,  Robert  S..    66 

GraufT,  J.  Adam 457 

Graves,  Peter.- 96 

Graves,  E.  L 358 

Graves,   Edward  A..  638 

Graves,  Robert 81 

Gray,  H.  B 102 

Gray,   H.  C... 641 

Gray,  Thos.  T 102 

Gray,  Wm 104 

Greeley,  Horace 463 

Green,  Augustus 924 

Green,  Mrs.  Cather- 
ine..-     855 

Green,  E 102 

Green,  Frank  M 436 

Green,  Horace, 
104,  315,  323,  338,  429, 
891,  892 

Green,  Israel S.VJ 

Green.  Joel 891,  893 

Green,  Mrs.  Joel.-..  889 
Green,  Philomelia..  893 

Green,  Sibyl 893 

Green,  Simeon 893 

Green,  Stephen.  104,855 


119 
914 

772 


Page. 
Grimth,  Benjamin..  693 

G,iftitli,('.  M 102 

Griffith,  Timothy  ...  719 

Griffith,  Wm 926 

Griffith,  W.  W. 
94,  96.  113,  353,  355,  425, 
475,  4*4,  787,  788 
Griffith,  Mrs.  W.W..  119 
Gritlith,  G.  P.  &Ca>..  4.'jO 
Griffith,  Mellvaine& 

Co - •'45 

Griffith,  Tyler  &  Co.  926 

Grimes,  T.  A 64 

(irinage,  John 104 

Griswold,  Chester...  936 

Griswold,  F.  W 100 

Griswold,  S.  A 641 

Griswold,  W.  P 101 

Grodah,  I'eter 934 

Grosenbaeher,  Sam.  104 
Grocsbeck,  W.  S  ....  356 
GrolV,  Shadraeh, 

156.  223,  819 

Groll  &  Sehwind 910 

Grogan,  George. .361,  389 

Groom,  JohnC 90 

Gross,  Harry 96,  486 

Gross,  H.G 484 

Grover,  .\bigail 867 

(J  rover,  Leonard 867 

Grover,  Menzo 104 

Grower*  Clark 934 

Gruber.  Chas 3Si 

Guire,  Paul 678,905 

Gunn,  Alfred 913 

Gunu,  Asman  876 

Gunn,  Chas 663,926 

Gunn,  Christopher, 

663,  905 

Gunn,  Elijah 663 

Gunn,  Harry 103 

Gunu,  Jos 65 

Gunn,  Mrs.  L.  B 8S5 

G\iun,  Nancy  Ann..  876 
Gunn,  Miss  Olive  ...  915 

Gunn,  Osman 878 

Gunn,  O.  A 300 

Gunn,  O.N 926 

Gunu,  Richard 912 

Gunn,  Warren  B. 
348,848,849,878,910,916 

Gunu,  W.  D -  359 

Gunn,  Willard, 

320,  333,  912,  913 

Gumer,  L.  H 926 

Guoin,  Leon 934 

Guoin,  Paul - —  934 

Gurley,  F.  D 100 

Gurno,  Lewis 905 

Guthrie,  J.  T... 927 

Guyer,  Joseph 65 


Page. 

Hall,  Harriet  0 6S 

Iluil,  Henry 97 

Hall,  Henry  M 486 

Hall,  Hudson  B. 

96,  486,  772 

Hall,  Mrs.  11.  B 116 

Hall.   11.  B.  &Co....  868 

Hull,  lie 96 

Hall,   Horace 872 

Hull,  Israel..  98,  712,  731 

Hall,  J 89 

Hall,  James 66 

Hall,  James  C. 

84,  85,  106,  115,  352,  368, 

354,    421,  MO,    682,  819 

Hall,  Joseph  E. 

103,   350,  913,  914,  915, 

916,  918,  924 

Hall,  Newell  C-  913,  918 

Hall,  O.  P 103 

Hall,   Orlando 914 

Hall,  Philo 103,344 

Hall,  R 102 

Hall,  Sarah 915 

Hall,  W 51,  .54,  57 

Hall,  Wm...  .387,488,934 

Hall,  W.  H .341,365 

Hall,  Wm.  O 683 


Page. 

Banner,  Chaa 390 

Hannin,  Edward.  100, 144 
Hansen,  F.  C.  &Oo..  482 

Hanson,  B «« 

Hanson,  Elijah..  913,  914 
Hnpgood  &  SpraKUO-  042 
Harbaeh,  Fred -403,  406 

Ilarliauer,  Johu 99 

Harbeck,  J.  S.. 

.■161,  306,  470,  486 

Harger,  K.  II 185 

KHrkey,S.  L 830 

Harlow,  M 97 

Harmon,  iaibert.3.55,  361 
Ilarnden,  Wm.  1'....  828 

Harue,  G.  A 102 

llarnitt,  Ezra 390 

Harper,  Rice 463 

Harrideu,  Ira 102 

Harrington,  John...  108 
Harrington, Lelitia..  693 

Harrington,  Sal 389 

Harrington,  Patrick.  914 

Harriott,  1>.  S ■■■  880 

Ilurriult,  Kdwin 880 

Harris,  A.C 104,  349 

Harris,  Mrs.  A.  C 118 

Harris,  U.  D 892 

--      ■    ■■  ;t58 


Hali;  Wm.  T.85,99^M,389     Harris,  Henry.  ....    :(58 

Hallaran, Robert  [Rich-        Hams,  Henry  G...10,90 

Hams,  James oW 


Gioyd7Joei  M....97,  483     Greene,  J-'L-  -  350,  409 

Gloyd   Mrs,  J.  M....  116     Greene.   E  T    432 

-     ■"    '   -       ■  Greener,  Jacob 36U 


Gnagy,  Jacob, 
315,319,540,877,878,934 

Gnagy,  John      877 

Gnagy.  Joseph 6-i.i 

Godard,  Alonzo, 

85,  97,  458,  474 
Godard,  Mrs.  Alonzo, 

116,  120 
Godard,  Lewis, 

665,  757,  899 
Godfrev,  C.  M...347,  350 
Godfrey,  Gabriel....  657 
Godfrey,  James  G...  407 
Goettell,  Henry  W., 
82, 100, 321 ,385,667,757,807 
GoetteU,  Johu. 

100,  337,  385,  667 

Goettell*  Hall 446 

GoiT,  Caleb 101 

Goldsmith,  Edwin—  477 
Goldsmith,  Gustavus, 

85,  98,  107,  486,  771 

Goldsmith,  L 86,98 

Gontine,  John 322 

Goodale,  Ezra. .-480,  772 
Goodman.  Michael  .  917 

Goodright,  M 66 

Goodsell,  Naaman, 

29,  299,  385 


Greener,  J.  C...  355,  361 
Greeumau,  James..-  321 

Greenraan,H —  402 

Green  vault,  Dan.  328, 373 
Greenwood  &  Brock- 
bark 905 

Greenwood,  Richard 

98,  319,  808 

Greer,  J.  T ..  358 

Greer,  Mrs.  J.  T 723 

Greiner,  Ernest 

100,  106,  353,  366 
Greiner,  John..  848,  704 

Greiner.  J.  E 90 

Gregg,  John 97 

Gregory,   D.  S 77 

Gregory,  J.  M 810 

(fregory,  JohnS...    101 


H  ASS,  John 866 
Haas,  Jokam.  102 

Hadley,  W.  K 906 

Hackles,  A.  S--.  924,  932 
Hacklev,  A.J  77,  457",  932 

Hacklev,  H.  A 925 

Hackett,  J.J 390 

Hadley,  C.  C 915 

Hadlev,  W.  K 90< 

Hagans,  G.  W 362 

Hagenberg,  G.  W..-  773 
Hagenberg,  P.  A.  ...  321 
Hagenburg,  W.  (i...  391 

Hagerman,  C.  H 102 

Hain,  Mrs.  John 117 

Hain,  Joseph 

Haigh,  J.  A 

Haines,  E.  H 

Haines,  John  H.  .. 
Halve,  Miss  Maria 

Haldeman,  Mr 810 

Hale,  Geo 320 

Hale,  J 315 

Hale,  John 92.3 

Hale,  J.  M 96 

Hale,   L.A ?9 

Hall,  Addle 916 

Hall,  Amanda..  910,  916 

Hall,  C 66 

Hall,  Cecil  A 353 

Hall,  Charles  B 9i 


849 
359 
843 
914 
117 


(ireiory!  Uriah  85,Y00,809     Hall,   Vlv^s.W 
Greiory,  Thos..  107,  120  82,  89,  98, 107 


Gribben,  J.C 390 

Gridley,  Cyrus 694 

Gridley,  John 102 

Gridley,  R 102 

Griest,  Cornelius 893 

Griggs,  Matt -19 

Griflin,  George  S  ....  353 
Griffin,  C.  P 391 


Hall,  Curtis 101 

Hall,  Uavid 385,  918 

Hall,  Elijah 924 

Hall,  E.  B. 

92,  3.^i3.  .369,  366,  387 
Hall,  Mrs.  Elizabeth.  915 
Hall,  Franklin  T„-  103 
Hall,  H 806 


ard]  — 476 

Hallen,  Edward  ....  328 
Hallet.  Eliza 893 

Ilallett,  Jacob 314 

Hallet,  John 905 

Halliday,  J.  N 772 

Halpiu,  John, 

104,  344,  842 
Halsey,  Mrs  B.  L....  694 

Halsey,  John  I) 103 

Halsev.  S.  P..98,  385,  483 

Halstoad,  Geo 361 

Halstead,  H.  S 788 

Hamilton,  A.  U 340 

Hamilton,  C  S 89 

Hamilton,  Daniel...  403 
Hamilton,  Erie.. 358,  425 
Hamilton,  Mrs.  E...  724 

Hamilton,  F 103 

Hamilton,  Frank  ...  361 
Hamilton,  Franklin  101 
Hamilton,  H.  A.... 90,  91 

Hamiltou,  J.  H 780 

Hamilton,  Mrs.  J.  H.  723 

Hamilton,  John 306 

Hamilton,  J.  Kent, 
86,  99,  123,  824,  263,  353 
354,  360.  365,  387,  422 
Hamilton, Miss  Lucy,  116 
Hamilton, Miss  Mary,  ll.j 
Hamilton,Mrs. Sarah 

0 - 685 

Hamiltou,  Thos., 

97,  110,  476,  685 
Hamilton.  Mrs.  Thos.832 
Hamilton,  Vincent, 

97,  390,  475 
Hamilton,  Mrs.  V., 

8:J1,  832 
Hamilton,  Wiley, 

313,  321,  878 
Hamilton,  Wm....  64,  66 
Hamilton,  Wm.  H  ..    99 

Hamlin,  Fred 89 

Hamlin,  George  W..  324 
Hinnlin,  Peter  ....99,  485 

Hamlin,  Walter 6'.X) 

Hamlvn,  W.H 101 

Uamm,  E.  P 475 

Uamm,  P.  T 475 

Hammel,  Isabel 676 

Hammell,  Miss  Belle  116 
Hammond.  Chas. 643,  64.i 
Uaniuinnd,  Hollis..-  98 
Hammond,  James  ..  878 
Hampton,  Jonathan  314 
Hampton,  J.  H....97,  422 

Hancock,  C 101 

Hancock.L 100 

Hancock,  Mrs.  M 484 

Hand,  A.  J .—    85 

Hand,  Fred 96 

Handy,  -Michael 302 

Harks,  Charlotte 693 

Hanks,  Cyrus  D. 

817,  346.  366 
Hanks,  Elijahs. 

99.  387,  482,  689.  808 

Hanks,  Mrs.  K.  S 116 

Hanks,  F.  B 895 

Haulon,  P 3,=i3 

Hannn,  Samuel 925 

Uttunaford,  A.  S 64b 


Harris.John 99,  642 

Harris,  J  osiab.\ 638 

Harris,  Mrs.  Julia...  731 

Harris,  J.C 660 

Harris,  O.  U 928 

Harris,  R.W 040 

Harris,  S.  K 90 

Harris,  Wm.  H., 

85,  98,  317,  350,  366,  482 
485 

Harrison.  Amor 400 

Harrison,  Bossell 914 

Harrison,  C.  L 689 

Harrison,  W.  H. 
6,  9,  15,  30,  43,  65,  .56,  57, 
68.  2;»,  780 
Uarroun.Mrs.  Amanda 

86-1 
llarroun,  C.  H. 

30.  97,  107,  406,  485,  893 
Uarrouu,  Mrs.  ClarLssa 
406 

Harrouu,  David,     

102,  314,  344.  S93 
llarroun,  David,  Jr.  891 
Harruuu,  Johu  ..314,  889 

Harroun,Levi 867 

Hart,  A.  E., ^ 

Hart,  Dennis 120 

Hart,  Eli    480 

Hart  E    C        8*9 

Hart;G4o.W..85,96,68a 

Hart,  Peter 694 

Hart,  Robert 934 

Hart,  T.  P 830 

Harter,  J.  W  - mi 

Ilarters,  John 314 

Hartman,  Augustus.  104 

Uartsman,  D.- 880 

Hartman,  Fred.  —  .  Wi 
Hartwell, Elizabeth  P  671 

Hartwell,  James 859 

Hartzell,  J 

Hartzfelt,  John  . 
Harvey,  George  W.. 

Uarvev.  .Tames 

Harvey,  Luther... 
Uarwood,  Henry.. 
Haskell,  Edward 

368,  480,  474 

Haskell,  Eli  B 694 

Haskell,  George.....  4&3 
Hiuskell,  George  W.89,  90 
Haskell,  Henry!  ...    97 

Haskell,  H.R    '.>7 

Haskell,  James 102 

Haskell,  Miss  Lottie, 

115, 116 
Haskell,  Julia  A  —    694 

Haskell,  N.T f 

HasRclli  Co 481 

Huskin,  Charles...   .  442 

llaskin,  Harry 440 

Httskins,  Ibiratio  G.  440 
Haskins,  Mrs.Lucina 

ru.  909,  914,  916 

Hoskius,  L.  W 101 

Haskins,  Mary 916 

Haskins,  WhltiOmb, 

101,  909,  912,  913,  914 

Hnskins,W.  S 916 

Hossau,  Henry 102 


879 
101 
66 
489 
891 


942 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


„  Page. 

Hastinge,  George 934 

Hastings,  R 323,  838 

Hastings,  Reuben, 

883,  924,  925 

Hasty,  Charles 103 

Hasty,  Emerson  E_88,  89 
Haswell,  George  R..  688 

Hatch,  Charles  F 408 

Hatch,  Isaac  M 102 

Hatch,  Israel  T 402 

Hatcn,  Samuel  h 643 

Hatch  &  Farr 641 

Hathaway,  A.  H. 

85,  100,  47li 

Hathaway,  F.  H 478 

Hathaway,  I.  N. 
85,  99,  347,  386,  4S6,  816, 

Hathaway,  S.  B 96 

Hatterslev,  Geo 102 

Haaghton,  Miss  Ade- 
„lia-- -  118 

Haughton,  Albert    _  104 

Haiighton,  Clark 902 

Haughton,  Cyrus  902, 905 

Haughtou,  Delia 902 

Haughton,  Electa.. ,  118 
Haughton,  Frank...  118 
Haughton,  Hiram 

104,  113,  118,  903 

Haughton,  Ira 104 

Haughton,  Lyman 

118,902,904,905 
Haughton,  Maryin 
„       ,  902.  90B 

Haughton,  Mrs.  N  lis 
Haughton,  Nathaniel  902 
Haughton,  Miss  O..  118 
Haughton,  Orson,  104, 118 
Haughton,  Miss  Ruth 
„       ,  118,  902 

Haaghton,  Smith...  902 
Haughton,  Mrs.Smith  902 
Haughton,  Solon 
„  104,  118,  902 

Haughton,  .Stephen 
^  342,  366,  902,  905 

Haughton,  W ii.s 

Haughton,  Wm    Ed- 
gar  902 

Hauser,  J.  M 96 

Hayerly,  John  H.  90,  4,84 

Hayiland.   I.  E 820 

Hawes,  Delevan  D. 

^  104,328.891,892 

Hawes,  Paul ,3.58 

Hawkins.  H.  V 846 

Hawkins,  J.  B. _.."""  850 
Hawkins,  Thos.  L...  440 

Hawley,  Amos 861 

Hawley,  Dayid  M.  660,926 
Hawley,  Dayid  W  891 
Hawley,   Mrs.  E.  M     723 

Hawley,  J.  A 426 

Hawley,  Mrs.  N.  H      932 

Hay.M _. 99 

Hayden,  C.  M 829 

Hayden,  Elisha 905 

Hayden,  Michael, 

347,  360,  .387 

Hayes,  E.  L _.       90 

Hayes,  E.  W "  354 

Hayes,  H.  3. 

^  94,  96.  352,  360,  475 

Hayes,  Miss  Mary       119 

Hayes,  Miles 882 

Hayes,  Orlin  S..  89 

Hayes,  P.  C 226 

Hayes,  Rutherford  B. 
„  12,  15, 354,  652 

Hayes,  Samuel.  8iS6 

Hayncs,  Charles..         99 

Haynes,  E,  W 348 

Haynes,  Geo.  E. 
96,106,351,361,387,484, 
531,  831 
Haynes,  Mrs.  Geo.  R. 
_  116, 831 

Haynes,  Harry 42s 

Haynes,  J 97 

Haynes,  R.  A  ...Vl03,  104 
Haynes,  Wm.  E   .90,  226 

Haynes,  Wilson 99 

Hazard,  Geo.  8.76,471,924 
Hazeuzhal,  H  .  93 

HazenzahI,Wendeii'  101 

Hazenzahl,  M.  W 100 

Hazleton,  John  "'  103 
Hazlett,  Emily  C.  693 
Hazlett,  Geo.  F  86 

Hazlctt,  Isaac, 

342,  359,  366,  482 
Heater,  Fred 102 


923 
98 
360 
102 
103 
103 


Page. 

Heater,  Susie  916 

Heath.  Clayton  R., 

367,  389,  425,  653,  813 
Heath,  F.  M.  917 

Heath.N.  B 894 

Heaton,  Daniel 12 

Heaton,  James. .  12,  99 
Hedges,  Miss  Sophia  926 
Hemebower,  Henry  848 
Hefflebovyer,  John 
Hege,  J.  George  .... 
Heinhl,  Joseph  . 
Heller,  Emanuel 
Heller,  J.  W  ... 

Helon,  E 

Helwig.  Daniel. 1..""  "m 
Hemenway.LucienB  694 
Henderson,  Alex. 
„      ,  83.  .343,  386 

Henderson,  C.  L...  328 
Henderson,  C.  S  924 

Henderson,  D.  C.  660 
Henderson,  Fulton..  484 
Henderson,  Henry  924 
Heudrick.  E.  "103 
Hendrick,  J.  M..  223 
Hendricks,  T.  A...  15 
Hendricks,  Warren"  902 
Hendrlckson.  David 
„  104,864,  866,  .891 

Hendnckson,  Geo  102 
Hendrlckson,  H.  W  353 
Hendrickson,  J.  891 

Hendrlckson,  John  L. 
„     .,  .  ,  102,  892 

Hendnckson,  L.  W., 
„     ,  .  ,  104,  109 

Hendnckson,  Owen    102 

genig,  F 101 

Hennessey,  Chas.lOO,  107 
Henrick  Chester.       924 

Henry,  6eo 86,  100 

Henry,  Jas 86,  390 

Henry,  John  L..  906  907 
Henry,  Thomas  .100,  1''0 
Herrick,  Anthony  ..  104 
Herrick,  Cahin, 
^  .  360, 387,  688,  689 
Herrick,  Hiram  360 

Herrick,  Wm 
Herrick,  W.  D 

104,  113,  343.  346,  429 
„  .  ,  ,  880, 882,  8a3 
Herrick,  Mrs.  W.  D    879 

Hersey,  S.  F.-.. 388 

Herslmg,  L...  97 

Hertzler,  Christian," 

rr    .  ,                    fiM.  681 
Hertzler,    Christian. 
^Jr -,- 689 

Hertzler,  Geo.  C  .  680 
Hertzler,  Horace  100,  809 
Hertzfeld,  Jacob  ....  103 
Herzig,  Jacob.... 104,  882 

Herzig,  James .    104 

Herzog,  Adrian 403 

Heston.  Thomas...  867 
Hewitt,  Charles  T       477 

Hewitt,  J.  C 298 

Heyer.  Frank  ...  .  _  649 
Heyman,  M  qs 

Hibbard,  A.  G. 

^.^^  384,392,679,809 
Hibbard.  Jedediah..  .385 
Hibbard,  M.  D. 94,338  42'i 

Hickock,  B.  H_ 328 

Hickory,  Joseph  .  "  81 
Hickox,  WalsteinH  343 
Hickox,  W.  M.  928 

Hicks,  Henry  W 
„.  ,  326,374,402.851 

Hicks,  J.N 867 

Hicks,  Lawson...855",  856 
Hicks,  Robert...  402 
Hicks,  Wesley. ...360,  855 
Hickson,  Charles.  66 
Hickson,  W.  D..  66 

Hiett,  John  W. 

101,  358,  361,509,  640 
Hiett,  Mrs.  M.  E. 
„.  ^      ^         723,724,831 

Higby,  F.  W 97 

Higby,  Mrs.  F.  W         486 

Higby,  John 861 

Higby,  Lorenzo 10,  96 

Higgins,  Aaron  427 

Higgins,  Dayid, 
„.  303,  319,  338,  670.  844 
Higgins,  E.  A  ...348,638 
Higgins,  James...  99 
Higgins,  Michael...  485 
Higgins,  M.  O  ...  484 
Higgins,  Samuel  B      891 


Higgins,  Thomas  ...  390 
Highland,  Aaron..  101 
Hight.  John  R.103,392,720 

Hilchens,  Scott 689 

gill,  A.  A 384 

S-    •  '^I'^^J  ^  -—244,  359 

Hill,  Charles  W. 
85,  89,  92,  108,  261,  278, 
314,  329,  335,  .363,   355, 
384,  429,  639,   689.  809 

„.„    ^    ,         813,814,876 

Hill,  E.  A 392 

Hill,  George. 861 

HiU.  George  M  ...       9^ 

Hill,  George  W 3.23 

HiU,  Henry  E    98 

Hill.  Josiaii  L 878 

Hill,  Leander..33I,  381,392 

Hill.  Merchant 878 

Hill,  Robert 924 

HiU,  Miss  Sophie...    116 
Hill,  W.  B.......         101 

Hill,  Wm.  D 355 

Hill  &  Perigo 482 

HiUcox.  S.  D..  103 

Himes  Fred.  W.... 86,  97 
Himrod.  Wm  934 

Hiude,  J.  C ■  458 

Hiue.  C.  C :    99 

Hines,  Alonzo 102 

Hinkle.  John  F  .       338 

Hiueley.  Henry 99 

Hmman.  Harvey 891 

Hiram,  Davis '  815 

Hiser,  George  H...      101 
Hitchcock,  B.  H 

96,  107,3.59,387,476,486, 

904 

Hitchcock,  C...  100 

Hitchcock,  H,  D 386 

Hoadley,  Geo 12  361 

Hoag,   F.J 391,724 

Hoag,  Mrs.  F.  J 735 

Hoag,  Henry  W...      6,83 

Hoag,  John 914 

goag.  f  B 100 

goag,  J.  R 867 

Hoag,  Michael.  360 

Hoag,   Phillip 485 

Hoag,  S 484 

Hoag,  T.  H. 
85,  93,   96,  314,  351 


Page, 


^?}}nitl'  ^l^-  «^"y  ^"^    Ho^e.  Cha.,  T..  ...^Tr 


Page. 


660     Hoag, 


386, 
„  „  474, 683 

Hoag,   Mrs.  T,  H....  832 
Hoagland,  Pliny.  82,  338 

Hoak,  Wm 98 

Hobart,  Benj..  343 

Hobart,  David..  332,366 

Hobart,  J.  H 313 

Hodge,  James..  478 

Hodge,  W.  A "478 

Hodges,  D.  D 103 

Hoeht,    Fred 103 

Hoffman,  Fred 104 

Hoflman,   G.  F .390 

Hoflman,  M .^J."    qq 

Hoft'man,MissMa"t'tie  116 

Hoffman,  P 90 

Hoffman,  Paul...     "  485 
Hoffman,  Wm..  97 

Hoffman,  Wm.  C.  317,  350 
Hoglin,   George  W       99 

Hohly,  Chas 359 

Hobly,  Fred  ...  .361,  .367 

Hohly,  H 100 

Hoismgtou,  J 385 

Holbrook,  J.  G.  J04 

Holbrook,  Mrs.  Lois 

S.   F 252 

Holcomb,  C.  S_..Iir  924 

Holcomb,    Horace 

^  ,,    ^  485,  7"5"8,  924 

Hold,  Ezra 878 

Holder,  Geo gi 

Holdridge.  Wm  99 

Hole,  Gotlieb..  "  98 
Holenter,  Charles .  99 
Hollenbank,  M.  488 

HoUenbeck,  Francis 
„  „     ,     .       89, 315, 474 
Hollenbeck,Mrs.D.K.  722 

HoUey,   D.  C 98 

Holly,  Jesse 66 

Hollicker,  John 917 

Hollington,  Ambrose  106 
Hollister,  B.  F..    47  852 

HoDister,  C.  N 362 

Hollister,  Geo.  A.  362,  367 

Hollister,  James 891 

Hollister,  Horace..    892 
Hollister,  John, 
331,  438,  412,  470,   660, 
757,  855 


Hollister.  Wm 

442,  663,  679,  897 
Hollister*  Colton  474 
Holloway,  Abigail..  876 
Holloway,  C,  B 

103.  107,  108,  111,  .359,876 
Holloway.   Chester..  878 

Holloway,  C.  S 876 

Holloway.  Cyrus 
„  ,  "  303,  319,  366,  891 

Holloway,  Eliza  S...  876 
Holloway,  George...  876 
Holloway,  Geo.  G...  876 

Holloway,  G.  W 879 

Holloway,  Halbert 

875,876.878 
Holloway,  Herbert.  340 
Holloway,  H.  L  99 

Holloway,  J.  o 849 

Holloway,  J.  P...356,  362 
Holloway,  Marv.\nn  876 
Holloway,  Michael  .  876 
Holloway,  Oristen, 
„       315,  350,  876,  876.  878 

Holloway,  O.  A 102 

Holloway,  Peter .334 

Holloway,  Wm 876 

Holmes,  B _  104 

Holmes  John 907 

Holmes,  J.  W 93 

Holmes,  Wm _      99 

Holmes,  W.J. .  641 

Hoist,  T '"  8,30 

Holston,  G.  W...  "  788 
Holt,  Ezra. ...103,  368,  878 
Holt,  P.  C. 

101,  .360.  916,  926,  928 
Holt,  Horatio  N...      933 

Holt,  W.S 21,101 

Holzwarth,  J.  G...  485 
Homer.  Wm. P.  313,317,323 

Hone,  J.  W 351,  .388 

Houey,  Horace..  101,  914 

Hood,  Homer 724 

Hooker.  Gen.  J.  E...  109 
Hooker,  Nathaniel..  103 
Hooper,  Amos  .  102 

Hooper,  S.  S...  .  lo"l,  360 

Hoover,  A 866 

Hopkins,  Almon, 

„      ,  85. 475,  483,  832 

Hopkins,  E.  P 85,  86 

Hopkins,  Geo.  H 124 

Hopkins.  O.  J. ...262,  389 
Hopkins,  Phillip  R..  481 
Hopkins,  W.  L...         97 

Hopkins,  Wm.  P 

Hopner,  Peter. 
Horan,  Patrick... 

Horner,  J.  S... 

Horner,  John  W 

Horner.  W.  P _." 

Horning,  -Vndrew.." 
Horning,  Valentine 
Horuung,  Charles. 
Horton.  I'aleb  ... 
Horton,  Mrs.  Eliza  M 
Horton.  H.W 


Howe,  David..  76,  99  4.38 

Howe,  E.  D 45S 

Howe,  E.  R...          "  .36]' 
g°»'e.G.S 386 

Howe,  Henry  E. 

233,  358,  :JS9 

Howe,  J.  D 99 

Howe,  S.  T ""    gi) 

Howe,  Wed.  W 

90,  346,  .386,  474,  837 
Howes,  James. 350,457  925 
Howell,  .\nson  40-' 

Howell,  Arthur  D  777 
Howell, Daniel  Y 

98  386,  777,  780,  ,8.36 
Howell.  Wm.  A  648 

Howells,  J.  W..      ""    99 

Howells,  Thos 99".  .360 

Howey,  James  .  _. 
Howland.  Betsey 
Honiand,  Ezra  " 
Howland,  H.  N. 

123,  3.53.  360,  689 
Howland,  Mrs.  O.  G. 
ti      ,      ,  389,855 

Howland,  Orange  H  258 
Howland,  W.  W  _  403 
Hewlett.  Parker  694 

Howlett.  Thomas, 


101 
...  694 
...  69IJ 


892 
101 
317 
304 

91 
924 

98 
lOil 
348 
891 
926 

Hoskins.  Wm"''."."8i4,  9IJ5 
Hosmer,  H.  L. 

77,  85,  432.  474,  637,  638, 
641,  689,  847,  924 
Hosmer,Mrs.  Sarah  C  693 
Hosmer.  S.  T. 

„  342,6.38,654,681,925 
Hough,  A.  C. 

3:M,  342,343,  .366 
Hough,  George  W.  81 
Hough,  H.  c  94 

Hough,  T.  H..35i,3"6"7,781 
Hough,  Mrs.  T.  H.  483 
House,  Conrad  ..  924 
House,  John  ....  883",  913 

Houser,  Wm 880 

Hovey.  A.  S 876 

Hovey,  Mrs.  S.  A. 723,  S79 
Howard.  Alexander.  913 
Howard,  Chas.  R        477 
Howard,  D.  W.  H. 
„  90,  .348,  365,  690 

Howard,  David.  9)3 

Howland,  Elisha  W  440 
Howard,  J.  B..83,  486,641 

Howard,  M 120 

Howard,  N.  M. 

101.  108,244,  358,476  724 
Howard,  O,  E,  M...  98 
Howard,  Robert. 

313,  323,  429 

Howard,  R.  A 314 

Howard,  S.  F... 323 

Howe,  Mrs.  AnnaE.  252 


85,  a50,  882,  883 
Hoj't,  John.  99 

Hoyt,  N ■  joi 

Hoyt,  W.  R.,  "' 

331,  360,  392,  456,  481 

Hoyt,  R.  H .        882 

Hubbard.  CT 96 

Hubbard,  David  314 

Hubbard,  Eli,  -■-■■=" 
313,  320,  .331,366,  660,  888 
^,   ^  891,  892,  897,  899 

Hubbard,  Franklin, 

361,724,  785 
Hubbard,  Geo.  W,360,773 

Hubbard,  Henry 102 

Hubbard,  Hiram.368,  899 

Hubbard,  J.  M 648 

Hubbard,  Miss  Kate    723 
Hubbard,  Lucius  F 
Hubbard,  R    M 
Hubbard,  S,  S 
Hubbell,  Burnham, 
Hubbell,  C.L.84S,  849,  860 
Hubbell,  Daniel, 

323,329,  660,  844,917 
Hubbell.  E,  C. 
Hubbell.  George 
Hubbell,  Harrison 
Hubbell,  Hezekiah. 

320,  749,  848.  850,  924 
gubbell,  M.  F  ....99,  860 
Hubbell,  M.  VV  a, a 

Hubbell,  M,  S...  """  103 
Hubbell,  Wm.  S,  B., 

Hubbell,  V 101 

Huberieh.i  onrad-3'57,.389 

Hubler,  Geo _      813 

Hubber,  Peter...      "    gs 

Hudmet.  E.  B 66 

Hudson,  John T...      934 


475 

773 

.  475 

.878 


924 
841 


103 


841 

359 

98 

101 


485 
404 
688 
104 
389 
97 


Hudson,  W.  M 
Hueston,  J.  M  _  _ 

Huff,  D.  B 

Huff,  Jesse ' 

Huffine.  Mrs.  S.. 
Huffman.  Wm.  C 

96,  lOG,  38: 

Hughes,  A 

Hughes,  Arthur 
Hughes,  G.  W....  ' 
Huler,  Henry 
Huler,  W.  H  ...."'..";_ 
Huling,  Harris...       892 
Huling,  Wm.  H., 

Hull,  A.  W..  89 

Hull,  A.  F.-.482,  819,  882 

Hull,  Dauiel m29 

Hull,  David. .6.57,  663,  921 
Hull,  Mrs,  Frances  W  9-i6 

Hull,  George  B rfo 

Hull,  Isaac, 
101.  315,  SU,  663,  924   929 

Hull,  Josephs 101 

Hull,  S.  S g->q 

Hull.  Wm....     n 

Hull,  W.  R,,        

lUl,  107,  352,  929 

Hulest,  Wm _.  103 

Humphrey.  Geo. 329,  480 
Humphrey,  G.  W...  39] 
Humphrey,  Hiram..  320 


INDIVIDVAL  INDEX. 


043 


Paste. 

n\imrhrey,  I.  N TOT 

Humvlirev,  !<.  S 374 

Hunt'ord,  Will 3Sfi 

Hiingcrfurd,  Jonathan 

Hunker,   Andrew. ..  3ei 
Hunker,  H.  H..8rt,  90,  98 

Hunker,  John 98 

Hunker,   John  J.-  80,91 
Hunker.  Mrs    J.  J..  U6 

Hunker,  M -185,  7(j8 

H\inker,    Mrs.    Mar- 
garet   683 

Hiinkle,  Mrs.  Susan- 
nah  90a 

Hunt,  Benjamin 924 

Hunt,  C.  C.  P- 

338,  367,  813,  9a8,  932 

Hunt.  E.- 9S 

Hunt,  Hcury  J. .35.5,  371 

Hunt,  H.  C 90 

Hunt,   .Tacob 104 

Hunt,  Jesse 370 

Hunt,  John  E. 
85,  94  96.  315.  3:i8,  :«8, 
S43,  348,  352,  354.  355, 
366.  367,  370,  387,  407, 
470,  -tm,  6611,  704,  757, 
811,  813,  852,  859,  876, 
921,  924. 
Hum,  John  E.,  Jr. 

85   113,  116,689 

Hunt,  J.    H 403,485 

Hunt,  Lewis  C--.  85,255 

Hunt,  Mary  L -— 

Hunt,  Mrs.  Mary  S..  926 
Hunt,   Washington 

403,  404 

Hunt,  Wm 924 

Hunt,  W.  W 90.484 

Hunt,  Mrs.  W.  W...  116 
Hunt*  Converse  ...  925 

Hunter,  E - 380 

Hunter,  E.  H 101 

Huntington,  Elijah 

341 ,  4n3 
Huntington,  R.G.H.  99 
Huntington,  Thos.._  11 
Huntington,  Wm.  T.  100 

Huntlev,    M.T 100 

Hurd,  F.  H. 

356,358,360,  361, 362,  :!88 
Hurd,   Hincklv..  98,  101 

Hurd,  Kollin  (' 449 

Hurlbut,  E.   W 91 

Hurlbut,  Hiram  _-.    99 

Hurlztad,  Henry 102 

Husband,  Adah  A  ..  402 

Hussev,   Cyrus 787 

Hutch'ins,   Allen 401 

Hutchinson,  Mrs.  E.  117 
Hutchinson,  James.  103 
Hutchinson,  John..  916 
Hutchinson,  Joseph  914 
Hutchinson,  J.  A...  102 
Hutchinson,  Luther  323 
Hutchinson,   Wm...  103 

Huvck,  Isaac 26,81 

Huyck,  J.  H 85,485 

Huzzey,  Thos.  H 342 

Hvatt.J.  W.  B 814 

Hvde.E.B.  96, 116,351,475 
Hyde,  Mrs.  E.  B..  ..  116 
Hyde,  G.  A 12 

1NGALL.J,  J.  R...  109 
Ingold,  Fred  107,  485 

Ingold,  Jacob 485 

Iniraham,  W.  H.—  844 

Inues,  D 97 

Ironsides,  John 103 

Irving,  Mrs.  E.  M...  216 

Irviug,  J.  D  — 422 

Irvine,  J.  P 643 

Irish,  O.W 3S1 

Irving,  Pierre  M. 

.  •       326,  337,  639,  669,  857 

Irving,  Washington.  851 

Irwin,  Robert. 103 

Isham,  John  G. 

112.  315,  :!46,  3.55,  914 

I.sham,  Torry 916 

Isherwood,Everett  G  684 
Isherwood,  F.  P. 

96,  387,  388,  5.3:J,  781 
Isherwood,  W.  S._97,  780 


JACK.  Simon 98 
Jackman.James  905 
Jackman,  Samuel...  99 
Jackman.  Thomas..    99 

Jackson,  Mrs.  A 486 

Jackson,  EdwiQ99,476,770 


Page. 

.Tackson,  James, 

S13.  852,  883,  936 

.Tackson,  Morris 93i 

Jackson,  Richard  ...  93:j 
Jack.son,  Thos  ....97,  485 
Jackson.  William...  sl3 

Jackson.  W.  R 224 

Jackson.  W.  S -    97 

Jaeoli,  Courson 828 

Jacol)i,  John 391 

Jacobs,  .\udrew 6H0 

Jacobs,  D 480 

Jacobs,  E 771 

Jacobs,  Fred 101 

Jacobs,  Gilbert 134 

Jacobs.  Lewis 6.5,  66 

Jacobs,  Sara 353 

Jacobs,  T.  W 486 

Jacoby,  Edwin 773 

Jameson,  John 66 

.lamisou,  George —  8!iB 

Janes,  Frank 670 

Janes,  Rev.  John 670 

Januey,  R.  S .  .783,784,787 

Jauuet,  J.  W 360,485 

Jav,  James  104,879 

Jay,  John — .    47 

Jhv,  Samuel 338 

Jav,  S.  R 103 

Jay,  Wm.S 103 

Javalz,  Jacob  100 

Jcall,  John... 102 

Jeager,  Fred 358.388 

Jeager.  Godfrey 649 

Jeanes.  Thomas  878 

Jefferson.  Thomas...  397 
Jeffrey,  Robert  -.385,  815 

Jenkins.  Nathan 844 

Jennings  if' 346 

Jennings.  Lewis 427 

Jennings,  S.  R 320 

Jenison,  Calista 855 

Jennison,  C  V. 

97  438.  773,  855 

Jenison,  Frances 855 

Jenisou,  George 855 

Jenison,  Harriet 855 

Jenisou,  Jerusha...    6()3 

Jenison,  Martha 8'^5 

Jenison,  Mary 855 

Jenison,  Nathaniel  .  855 

Jenison,  Olive -  8.55 

Jenison,  Ralph  ...98,8.55 
Jenisou,  Vlctory.855,  929 
Jenkins,  Warren  481, 719 

Jereaume,  J.  B 55 

Jermain,  Mrs.  F.  D. 

391,  643 

Jermain,  J.  B 403 

Jerome,  A.. 22 

Jerome  J.  H. 

303,313,319,321,322. 
399.  407,  860,  933 

Jerome,  Levi 92:3 

Jerome,  L.  R 99 

Jerome,  J.  W 103 

Jervis,  E 101 

Jessup,  Abram...l02,  .328 
Jessup,  Jedediah. 

338,  891,  893,  893 

Jewett,  A 905 

Jewett,  E.  R 720 

Jewett,  H.  J... 360 

John,  James 319 

Johmy,  Captain 90 

Johnson,  Abram.104,  876 
Johnson,  Almon  G..  92:3 

Johnson.  Alva  C 96 

Johnson,  B.  W 90 

Johnson,  C.  P 319 

Johnson,  Mrs.  C.  F..  118 
Johnson,  David, 

64,  360,  821,  867 
Johnson,  Eleanor...  881 

Johnson,  Elias  S 093 

Johnson,  B.  S 474 

Johnson,  Fred  ..349,  485 
Johnson,  Prank  .340,  341 
Johnson,  Franklin..  315 

Johusou,  Fred 98 

Johnson,  Geo.  F 649 

Johnson,  G.  L.. 

359,389,641,812,  813 
Johnson,  Geo.  W  ...  933 

Johnson,  Harpin 440 

Johnson,  Mrs.  H 733 

Johnson,  H.  V 348 

Johnson,  Jeremiah, 

913,  938 

Johnson,  Jostah 98 

John^ou,  L.  H, 99,362,641 

Johusun,  Martiu 923 

Johnson,  Mary 485 


Page. 
Johnson,  Matt., 

:i.s.-,,  408,  680.  781 

Johnson,  Moore 60 

Johnson,  M.  K 103 

Johnson,  (iliver :W5 

Johnson,  I".  B 476 

Johnson,  Richard  M  928 
Johnfon,  Robert —  123 

Johnson,  S 315 

Johnson,  Solomon. 

.321,  931 
Johnson,  S.  M...362.  847 

Johnson,  S.  W 100 

Johnson  W 923 

Johnson,  W.  S 849 

Johnston,  David.385,  926 

Johnston.  Ellen 693 

Johnston,  Col.  John,  080 
John.ston,  Johiil,., 

86,  90,  99 
Johnston,  Sheldon..  926 

Jolly,  J.  L 64 

Jolley,  John 64 

Jones,  .Vugustus 440 

Jones,  A,  B 104 

Jones,  A.  P....   719 

Jones.  Mrs.  A.  D 722 

Jones.  A  T —  847 

Jones  Brothers 917 

Jones,  C.  B 101 

Jones,  Chas.  H.  ..97,  353 

Jones,  Elizabeth 848 

Jones,  E.  L 360 

Jones,  Fred  A  , 

85,89,96,106.113,316,355 
Jones.  Granville 

82,  320,  481   668,  790 

Jones,  G.  J 98 

Jones,   Henry 100 

Jones,  Humphrey...  486 
Jones,  Miss  Jessie...  116 

Jones,  John 917 

Jones,   John  Paul 

111,361,366,389,6:38 
Jones,  Joseph 

:360,  :394,  792,  814 

Jones,  J.  C 893 

Jones,  Lucas 476 

Jones,   Nathan 882 

Jones,  Paul 
85.  94, 97.:348,.350,  853,366 

Jones,  S.  D.. 315 

Jones,  Thomas 64 

Jones,   Wm 98,917 

Jones,  W.  E 401 

Jones,  W.M 813 

Jones,  W.  W. 
85,  90,  91,  223,  234,261, 
316,  352,   355,  3.58,  388. 
:389,  482,  640,  813 

Jones  &  Barker 445 

Jordan,  H.  C :323 

Jordan,  Jackson 862 

Jordan,  J.  B 358 

Jorgen,  John 484 

Jouett,   Chas 64 

Jov,  Benj. 

102.   314,   323,  .346,  366, 
841,  888,    889,  892,    893 

Joy,  Mrs.  B.  F 118 

Joy  &  Webster 460 

Jovce.  Joseph  H 85 

Ju'dkins,  O.  W 389 

Judson,  C.  B 101 

JuSson,   S.  M...  102,895 

Judson.  W.  B 772 

Jukes,  MarkR 693 

Jungblut,  Max 384 

Just,  Fred 351,  484 

Just,  R.  F 690 

Justice,  James..  90,  169 


K.\AG,  George...  933 
Kahle,  Daniel.  81)6 
Kahle,  D.  A 
Kahlo,  Henry, 

359,  361,  :391,  734,  803 
Kaiser,  Louis, 

107,  109,  :353,  356 

Kalapp,  H. 800 

Kalding,  C.F 915 

Kale,  J.  M 100 

Kaley,  Abram 104 

Kaley.  David— .842,  8-14 

Kail,  John 101 

Kalrhele.  Michael...  100 
Kan-tuck-eeguu  (In- 
dian)   657 

Karns,  Martha 860 

Kasler,  0 103 

Kauffman,  John, 

2(1,  85,  99,  368,  481,  485 
Kaufiman,  Mrs.  John  116 


Page. 
Kaufman,  Peter  ....  M3 

Kay,  Joseph 101 

Kea.s,  Wm.  C 64 

Keck.T.  L 418 

Kcepui,  P.  W 857 

KceTcr.  Mra.  Amelia,  907 
Keeler,  C.  G., 

385,  :3S6,  4:)8,  471 

Keeler,  Coleman  I., 

82,  98,  313.  319,  326,  :M0 

S73    442,   4IH,   660,   772 

899,  901,905,  !t07,  928 

Keeler,  Coleman  I.  Jr.  82 

Keeler,  Miss  Grace..  412 

Keeler,  Harriet 693 

Keeler,  H.  W 103 

Keeler,  Kaljdl 23-1 

Keeler,  S.  II  , 

.351.475,482,  821 

Keeley,  Birt :!4fi 

Keen,  Viclor, 
.89,  101,348.  352,  355,  365 

Keenan,  Joseph 436 

Keener.  Daniel 849 

Keener,  A.  J 665 

Keep,  wm 403 

Kcesick,  James 97 

Keetuck-ee  (ChieO  ■  63:i 

Keily,  John 481 

Keip,  U.  J 101 

Keith,  CM 882 

Keith.  Mrs.  J.  W....  663 

Keller.  Daniel 98 

Keller,  John 98 

Kellev,  James  H 102 

Kelle'y,  John 97,  343 

Kellev,  J.  B 671,  773 

Kellev,  W.  1.224,  :361,  422 

Kelle'y.  Daniel 4.84 

Kelly,  David 388 

Kellogg.Clara  Louise,  678 

Kellogg,  D.W 90 

Kellogg,  F  905 

Kellogg,  Harvey. 

104,  111,  113, 206,  314,  :;22 

340,   344,     350,   358,   360 

842,   846,    817,  878.  931 

Kellogg.  Mrs.  Harvey  846 

Kellogg,  J.  C 104 

KellOfig.  Jos.  E 322 

Kellogg,  N.C 119 

Kelsey,  Aaron  L.. 

100,  476,  773 

Kelsev,  Joel  W., 

8.5,86,87,88,89,  104,316 

314,  315,  mi,  366.  :391,  447 

477,  482,  689.  837,  872 

Kelsev,  Mrs.  M.  J., 

252    203 
Kelsey.  Porter... 322',  891 

Kelso,  George   882 

Kelso, John 882 

Kelso,  Samuel 882 

Kembar,  Harvy 917 

Kemble,  Joseph 892 

Kemme,John 99 

Kemme,  Jno.  G    344,  366 

Kemp.  James 484 

Kendall.  John..  315,  3:18 

Ken.lall.   Mrs.  J 482 

Kenny,  C 97 

Kent,  Chas. 
85,  93,  94,  104,   156,   .'544, 
:M7,  860,  387 

Kent,   Mrs.  Chas Hi 

Kent,  Elizabeth 867 

Kent.   PoagA  Co....  474 

Kenyon,  Erastus 9. 

Kenyon,  James    ...    99 

Kennedy.  C.  U 102 

Kennedy.  C.  L. 

3.59.301,365 
Kennedy,  Mrs.  Jane  802 
Kennedv.J.H.  97,130,  453 

Kennedv.  Paul :i82 

Keopfer,  Frank 8i2 

Kern,  B -.—  V;^ 

Keruine,  Gerard 3« 

Kerr,  Jesse 849 

Kervis,\Vm 103 

Kcssler.  John 107 

Ketchani,  A 100 

Ketchani,  David.  85,  485 

Ketcham,  D.  P 313 

Ketchani,  G.  H.  390,4,8 
Ketcham,  Harry....  618 

Ketcham,  Henry 83i 

Ketcham,  John  B 

100,  477,  485,  758 
Ketcham,  John  B.  2d  197 
Ketcham,  J.  C. 

100,  436,  090 
Ketcham,  N.  T 455 


Page. 
Ketcham.  S.  S. 

IM,  118,  859,  758 
Ketchani,  V.  II. 
28,    855,   :186,   4.55,    481) 
758,   (188.    7:):),  809 
Ketcham,  W.  II. 


:!7,  69:!,  816 
Ketcham  &  Marker.  481 
KeUham,  S.  S.&V.ll.  4-1 

Ketlennin,  J 18(1 

Kettlev,  S.  S 97 

KevI,  \Vni 96 

Kevser.  C.  C 485 

Ke>>er,  W 39(1 

Kibbe,  ICnist 

100.    107.    108,     111,    :Ki2 

:t,5-l,  :vr, 
Kibbe,  Frank  W....  (148 
Kibbe  llenrv  W....  018 
Kibbe  &  Brother....  (H9 

Kid<l.  J.  M 917 

Kief.  Wm... 89,90 

Kiemple,  John 322 

Kies,S.  D Wn 

Kiest,    I.  II   485 

Kiff.   Esther 867 

Kilbonrne.  James,  0.3,642 

Kilbourne,  J.c 101 

Kilbourne.  J.  E 102 

Kimb.dl,  Epbraiin..  878 
Kimball,  Jeremiah..  877 

Kimber.   Harvey 882 

Kimble,    Elislia 8112 

Kimberly.  John  1...  9:« 

King.  Alex 101 

King.  C.  A. 
87,  89,  96.  Ill,  124.   853, 
382,  486,  429,  802 
King.   C.  A.&Co....   465 

King,  C.  H 480 

King,    Doddl 649 

King,  Frank  J. 

85,  93,  96.  21.1.  :),55,  .388, 
.I'.IO,  425,820 

King.  Mi-s.  F.J 316' 

King,  Henry 864 

King,  Fred  11 85,  476 

King,  James 92:1 

King,  Liecester 311 

King,  Ix-wis 319 

King,  May 69-I 

King,  Thos .320 

Kingham,  Miss  C 722 

Kingman.  Mahlon..  818 
Kingsbury,  Alonzo..  82 
Kingsbury,  11.  I). 

85,  93.  316,  :343,  :t46.  3.5.3, 

:«i6, 808 

Kingsbnrv,  Mrs. II. D    30 

Kingsburv.MissMary  116 

Kingsbury,  o '."S 

Kingsbury.  O.  B  ....  98 
Kingsbnrv,  Wm. 

321.  323.(93.819.913,925 
Kingsbnrv,  Mrs.  Wm  110 
Kingsbnrv  Wui.M.G  931 
Kingsbnrv. 11. D.,'C  W.  1K2 
Kingsley.'S.S.. ..108,  38(1 

Kiuker,  W.J 880 

Kiukley,  Robert 81 

Kirk,  Albert 389,  782 

Kirk,  Allen 96 

Kiunev,  Asa 878 

Kinnev,Gabriel0..32t.»16 

Kinney,  G.  W 890 

Kinnev,  James 91() 

Kininger,  Jos :«« 

Kinzie,  John  II 929 

Kirk,  .lames 66,  9:)-l 

Kirbv,  John 458,810 

Kircfnnaier,  Theo...  98 
Kirk.George  W...88,  484 

Kirkbv,  Wm 390 

Kirkef,  Thos H 

Kirkland  AWhitaker  482 

Kirklty,  C.  A 389 

Kii-schner.C  J.85,8,362.30ti 
Klrthiiid,  Frederick.  693 
Kirlhind,  K.  E. 
77.  315,  32:),  8.10,  3(i«,  880, 
88.3 
Kirtland,  George....  923 

Kiser,  Henry 104 

Kilchell,  J.S 877 

Kitchen.  K.  A 3.'8 

KilUin.  Henry I'M 

Kiius,  Kli  ....32s,  ;i«(l,923 

Kizer,  Henry 880 

Klahr.  P 9? 

Klauser.  K.  J..85,350,38() 

Klemm.Otto 388 

Klemra.Theo  ..•30,1KI,8«9 
Klenvole,  John 10* 


944 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


Page. 
Kliuck,  J.  G. 

221,  3:5,  342,  368,  722 

Klippart,  J.  H 11 

Klives,  C 483 

Kloel),  C.  A 813 

Klomer.  John 101 

Klotz,  John  C.!)9, 387,  485 

Kuaggs,  Emma 916 

Kuaggs,  George    807 

Knaggs,  George  B. 

315,  321,  367,  852,  234,928 
Kuaggs,  James. _.320,  905 
Knaggs,  John, 

321,  t<99,  904,  905 

Knaggs,  J.  W 8.52 

Knaggs,  Maria 916 

Knaggs,  Whituiore..  63S 
Knabenshue,  S.  S...  639 
Knaggs,  Edmund  ...  100 

Knapp,  Ezra 905 

Knapp,  George 107 

Kuapp,  H.  S 641 

Knapp,     Mrs.    Jean 

uetto 314,889 

Kuavel,  Henry 883 

Kui^'alc,  \Vm _    99 

Knceley,  Jona  - 323 

Kneisser,  George.        479 

Knight,  C.  G 67'0 

Knight,  Dexter 100 

Kuight,  Mark  .  96 

Knights.  Daisy 723 

Kuittle,  A.  L 485 

Koch,  John ; 103 

Koch,  E.  W.  E 88,  98 

Koch,  Peter :03 

Koehler,  C.  M 476 

Koenig,  Ed 103 

Koes.ter,  John 102 

Kohu,  H 98 

Kohn,  John 96,  403 

Kohn,  .Tacob 813 

Kohn,  J.  H 85 

Kohn,  Samuel.. .390 

•Kohn,Simf)n 485,817 

Kolfuss,  J.  W 66 

KoUoch,  Thos.  L. 81 

Kollopp,  Peter 873 

Konopak,  C.  R 813 

Koth,  John 103 

Kounts,  John  8. 

258,  2(13,  353.  357,  .361, 

425,  aw 

Knower,  John 403 

Knowles,  Daniel .366 

Knox,  Wm    322 

Kraemer,  Adolphus. 

814,  669 

Kraus,  Jacob 85 

Kraus,  Lehman, 

85,  98,  360,  771 
Kraus,  Wm. 

85,  89,  91,96,  100,  107, 
.346,  47G,  837 

Kraus,  Mrs.  Wm 116 

Kraus  &  Co 482 

Kraus,  Roemer  4  Co. 

447,481 

Kreese,  Jacob lOI 

Kreps,  John  A 101 

Kronsberger,  Sylves- 
ter   100 

Krumm,  J.  M 830 

Krnse,  D... 102 

Kuber,  John  T "    23 

Kuber,  J.  H 101 

Kuehne  &Sclioening  482 
Kuhlman,  E.  H  ...  390 
Kumler,  J.  F.359,  388,  802 

KunkeJ,  Conrad OOi 

Kunklo,  J.  S 100 

Kunkle,  M.  K  ...  99 

Kunkle,  Paul 97 

Kunkle.  W.  L 354 

Kuntz,  Lcouard 862 

Kurg,  Leonard ]03 

Kurtz,  Jacob.. 906 

LACY,  W.  H 880 
Labadie,  Menard    61 

Ladd,  David 844 

Lake,  Eleanor 6iJ3 

Lake,  Peter 651 

Lakins,  Daniel...  812 
Lalendorf,  John         103 

Lamb,  Avery. 3-ji 

Lamb,  C.  .A..' ,340 

Lamb,  Daniel. II^I"  loO 
Laml),  David..  64 

Lamb,  u.   w 103 

Lamb,  Samuel.  637 

Lamb,  W.  D 103 

Lambert,  Jno...  35]  905 


Page. 
Lambert,  Lewis.  344,  368 

Lambert,  L.  McL 385 

Lambing,  J.  A 803 

Lampman,  Cha-s 103 

Lampman,  C.  6 64.S 

Lamport.  0.  W 357 

Laucto,  Bernard 99 

Landis.  N.  M. 

98   349.  .350,  361,  481,770 

Landis,  Mrs.N.  M.  116,831 

Landman,  Jacob 

85,  93,  100,  106,  854,  389 

447.  816,  837 

Lane,  Alonzo,  107, 843,  847 

Lane,  Ebeuezer 408 

Lane,  Frank  T. 

89,  96,  101,  391 

Lane,   Peter 103 

Lane,  S.  G  95 

Lang,  Albion  E 422 

Lang.J 97 

Langdon,  C.  H 101 

LangelI,M.  R... 101 

Langenderler,    Cath- 
erine  891 

Langenderfer,  Joseph, 

111,  340 

Lansalle,  John 322 

Lan.sey,  Peter 9M 

Lape,  Mrs.  A.. 846 

LaPearl,  Alexander.  923 
Larabee,  Huntington 
683.  880,  881,  882,  928 

Larwell,  J.  H 843 

Laskey,  George 
90,  94,  307,  .361,  692,  605 

Laskey,  S.  S 689 

Laskey,  Wm 103 

Latcham,  Geo  S 916 

Latcham,  G.  T 916 

Latehie,  John 867 

Latham,  P.  1 97 

Lathrop,  Araunah 

346,  864,  867 

Lathrop,  Azro 865 

Lathrop,  C.  0. 
104,    111,  316,   354.  865 
867,  869 

Lathrop.  Emma 891 

Lathrop,   E.  C...         334 

Lathrop,  E.  E 866,  867 

Lathrop.  Mrs.  J   723 

Lathrop,  James  J...  104 
Lathrop,  Lorenzo...  104 
Lathrop,  L.  B. 
3.3S.34!,429,864,  865,  867 

Lathrop,  Lucv 869 

Lathrop,  Luther 865 

Lathrop,  L.  C 104 

Lathrop.  Maria  887 

Lathrop,  Mary  Ann    865 

Lathrop,  Miles  ..865,  888 

Lathrop,  Pliny, 

94,  113,  257,  831,  361,864, 

867,  891 

Lathrop,  Susan ,%5 

Lathrop,  Wm 3.34 

La  hrop,  Wilson  C.  157 

Lathrop,  W.  H 326 

Latimer,  Peter  E. 

482,  6:»,  693 

Latshaw,  Peter  J 113 

Lattimore.  .1 90 

Latty,  A.  Sankv...90,  344 
Laughlin.Wm.ioo,482,677 
Lautzenheiser  H.  B..926 

Lavelle,  O 476 

Laviue.  Anthony  ...    99 

Law,  Obid  B  ...^ 648 

Law  ct  Preston 649 

Lawrence,  E.  A 402 

Lawrence,  Wm.  B...  446 
Lawton,   Mrs.   Eliza- 
beth R.  H 69) 

Lawion,  Mrs.  S.  A...  818 

Laylin,  John 661 

Laylor,  H.  D 99 

Lazane.  Francis 65 

Leach,  James  B 913 

Leach,  M.  F 917 

Leahenny,Wm 99 

Learning,  Ephraim. 

847,  921 

Learning,  Maria 847 

Learning,  Mrs.  Marv.  847 
Learning,  Thos. .847.  921 

Learning,  T.  H 847 

Loamin.g.  W.  G..847,  S49 

Learie,  D.  D.. luo 

Lcavitt,  John  J  ...      928 

Lee,  Alfred  E 610 

Lee,  Chas.  A  ...  .  648 
Lee,  John 881 


Page. 

Lee  Ira  F 

98,  344,  345,  365,  386,689, 

892,  893 

Lee,  John  C..124, 534,  797 

Lee,  Mrs.  J.  C. 722 

Lee,  J.  M 101 

Lee,  Robert 90 

Lee,  Squire.. .358 

Lee,  Wm....  891,892,  893 

Lees,  Chloe 875,  877 

Lees,  Edward 103,  878 

Lees,  Edmund 875 

Lees,  S.  P 103,  .875 

Leozen,  Martin. .350 

LeHet,  W.  R 360 

Leggett,  Nathaniel, 

314.  341 

Leighton,  W.  S 476 

Leiser,  Heinrieh 323 

Leith,  John  J 98 

Leland.  C.  P 97,  .353 

Lemar.  C   A 99 

Lenehan,  Patrick...  878 
Lenderson ,  E.  VV. 
102,117,346,3.51,353,361, 
366,  389,  422,  734,  915 

Lenderson,  N 102 

Lenderson,  W 102 

Lenhart,  A.  F 649 

Lenhart,  WillG 618 

Leramon,  R.  C, 
90,  91,  99,  106,  345,  352 
355,   359,     362,    365,  367 
•387,  391,  425   484 

Lenk,  Carl 906,  907 

Lenk,  Peter, 
85,  96,  106,  350,  476.  485 
640 

Leonard,  J 101 

Leonard,  Richard...  .32:) 
Leonardson,  Alfred.  98 
Leonardson,  Elia-s..  485 
Leonardson,  Fred'k.  891 
Leonardson,  John  ..  341 
Leonardson,  Jno.'S..  892 
Leonardson,  Wash- 
ington  895 

Leonardson, Wm 891 

Leonardson,  Wm.M.  892 

Lepper,  W.  D 642 

Leroun,  Levi... 103 

Lester,  D 101 

Lester,  Edward 102 

Lesler,  Richardson..  892 

Le-ster,  Samuel  F 688 

Levi,  Henry 908 

Lewis  Abram.. 322 

Lewis,  Benj.  G 314 

Lewis,  C.  A 101 

Lewis,  C.  F 390 

Lewis,  C.  N 102,  .356 

Lewis,  David..  ..87,  905 

Lewis,  H,  J 358 

Lewis,  Isaac 891,  892 

Lewis,  Geo.  C   878 

Lewis,  James 99 

Lewis,  Miss  J,  C 725 

Lewis,John  G.97,.368,  907 
Lewis,  Miss  Lucinda  901 
Lewis,  Peter  C. 
103,314.  345,  .357,  366,905 

Lewis,  Shubal 66 

Lewis,  S.  G 103 

Lewis,  Theo 96 

Lewis.  Wm 907 

Lewis,  W  H 476 

Ley,  John 905 

Leybourne,  Anthony  905 
Ley  bourne,  fohn,905,  907 

Leybourne.S 905 

Leybourne,  Wm.l03,  323 

Liebold,  Albin 811 

Lillelund,  Geo 89 

Lillelund,  N.  M 98 

Limbrick,  Wm., 

101,113.  340,  .346,  923 
Limbrick,  Mrs  Wm.  116 
Lincoln,  .Abraham, 

125,  463 

Lindsay,  Thos 64,  66 

Lindsley,  James 882 

Lindsly,  L.H.. 910 

Liuebam,  Dennis...  882 

Liuehan,  James 882 

Linsley,  Solomon, 

693,  757 
Linton,  S.  S.3.58,  3S9,  366 
Litchfield,  E.  C    .       407 

Littletield.  J.  G ,  9(12 

Littletield.  Wm  .  907 
Little  Turtle  (Chief).  928 
Livingston,  Ci-awford829 
Livingston,  K.  R., 


Livermore,  Cyrus  ...  882 

Lloyd,  Edward 348 

Lloyd,  E.  S 362 

Lloyd,  J.  J 830 

Locke,  Charles 6M 

Locke,  D.  R. 

355,  390,  638,  649,   654 
T      ,       ,,  887,  802 

Locke,  Mrs.  D.  R 261 

Locke,  Edmund 6.54 

Locke,  Martha  B.  22-1  6.54 
Locke,  J.  H.,  Jr  ..  96 
Locke,  N.  R..  360,  654.  S12 
Locke,  O.  T. 

360.  643,  054,  842 
Locke,  Robinson 
,      ,  639,  650,  651 

Locke,  S.  J 1)9 

Locke,  W.  R HI    eji 

Lockwood,  J.  E 97 

Lockwood,  W.  F.  3'58,  359 

Logan   A _.  lya 

Logan,  James 850 

Loomis,  B.J. 54.3 

Looinis,  L.  G .1.  385 

Loop,  Amos 881 

Lord,  Fredck 3a3 

Lord,  John 321 

Losee,  F   B _      390 

Lorenz,  G.E....  390,  812 

Lorenz,  Henry ,358 

Lorenz,  H.  L. 339 

Lo-e,  Wm 949 

Lott,  John  B 484 

Love,  James  Y. 

66,  85,  99.  343.  .344,  792 
Love  way,  Francis...  660 
Lownsbury,  J.  B..  89,  96 
Lownsbury,  Levi  S 

82,  89,  314,  320,  .366,  386 

Lowry,  Laban 849 

Lucas,  David.. 917 

Lucas,  Robert  n 

Luce,  C.  L. 

389,  476,  764,  76S,  787 
Luckey,  James  B.  224, 359 

Lucy,   W.  H 883 

Ludlow.  C.  H 693 

Ludlow  *  Babcoek.  481 

Lumbard,  J.  G 432 

Lunbriser,  Peter 104 

Lundy,  Jonathan 

99.  3*3,  344,  360,  934 

Lutterbeck,    Wm 100 

Lycan,   John 485 

Lycau,  J.  M. 97,  906 

Lyman,  Mrs.  J.S 117 

Lyman,  Whitten  ...  905 
Lynde,  C.  W.  326,  373,  374 

Lynde,  .S.  A. 476 

Lyon,  F 771,  913 

Lyon,  G.  G 638 

Lyon,  P.  &  Co 480 

Lyon,  J.  E 844 

Lyon,  0 916 

Lyons,  J.  L. 98 

Lyons,  Miss  L 722 

Lj'ons,  Lewis 484 

Lyons,  Lucius 309 

Lyons,  Samuel 360 

Lyons,  W.  C... 100 

Lyttle,  LaFavette 

862,359,360,391,479,484 
Lyttle.  R.  F 783,  844 


VfcALLY-N,  John  98 
iTj.McArdle,JohnP  642 
McArthnr,  Duncan, 

11,  62,  60,  859 
McBaiu,  Daniel, 
314,  322,340,  365,  367,  385 
638,  641,  721,  807 

McBride.J.  B 328 

McBride,  J.  H...637,  688 
McCa be,  Charles  ...  101 
McCabe,  James.. 338,  340 

McCall,  John 97 

McCalliget,  Patrick .  100 

McCartv,  C.  M 82 

McCarty,  Patrick.321,  322 
McChesney,  David  ..    64 

McC'lay,  David 856 

McCleary,  Ed.,  Jr  ...    98 

McClcaver,  John 913 

McClellan,  Geo.  B...    15 

McClellan,  Joel 310 

McClelland,  Robert  .320 
McClelland,  W   A.320,480 

McConnell,  J.  M 93 

McColhim,  Joel 401 

MeCormack,  Miss  Jen- 
nie   813 

McCormick,  David..  360 


,r  ,  Page. 

McCormio,  DeMarquis, 

,r  r.       ,  «6 

McCracken,  L 485 

McCulloch,  Robert..  389 

MeCullough,  S.  G 640 

McCulIom,  Joel 40O 

McCune,  Robert, 

359,  360,  ft39 

McDaniel,  R.  E 830 

McDerniott,  Jas 103 

McDonald,  C,  W.3.57,  861 
McDonald,  Justus, 

113,  360.  366 

McDonnell,  Jane 693 

McDoncll,  Irwin  ...     15 

McEachrun,  R 407 

MeElrath,  James...  660 
MeElroy,J.H,,358,  613,639 
McFadden,Mrs.  Fan- 

„ui,f  - - 485 

McGahan.  P.  A 390 

McGarvey,  R.  s 423 

Mc<iaw,  Bessie 723 

McGaw,  J.  A.  P. 598 

McGee,  J.  W 343 

McGinnis,  Frank 105 

McGovern,  P.  C 8.58 

McGovern.  P loi 

McGlenn,  S.  B 102 

McGlone,  J.  R I  773 

McGonagle,  Geo 97 

McGowen,  J,E 89,  90 

McGrath,John 860 

McGrath,  Mi -hael  ..  389 
McGreavy,  James...  379 

McGroarty,  S.  J ogg 

McGnire,  Thomas—.  99 
McHenry,  Heury.386,  485 

Mcllrath,  Thos 663 

Mcllvaiue,  C.  P ]g 

Mcllvaine,  John 71 

Mclntyre  &  Stewart  453 
McKay,  Geo,  &  Co...  471 

McKay.  James 832 

McKay,  Mrs.  John  ..  902 

McKay,  Patrick 98 

McKee,  John  M 89,  97 

McKenna,  John 771 

McKenster,  John, 

481,485,771,819,  821 
McKenster,  Mrs. John  116 

McKim,  J.  W. 484 

McKinley,  J.  D 96 

McKinley,  Wm 93 

McKinuey,Almeron.  101 

McKinney,  John 118 

McKissick,  M 99 

McKissick,  Moses..  .346 
McKnighi,  C.  G..326,  480 

McKnight,  G.  S 360 

McKuight.  R 9.26 

McLain,  T.  J 643 

McLaren,  D 414 

McLaughlin,  Wm...  310 
McLean,  Chas. 

82,3.37,384,481,676 

McLean,  John 15,  6B 

McLean,  S.  B 650 

McLeary,  Ed 386 

McLeer,   Francis 64 

McLock,  Francis 66 

McLvman,  W.  H. 

357,  361,  .390.  813 
McMahon.  Arnold,  89,364 

McMahan,  Ed.  P 99 

McMahan,  John.  342 
McMaken,  E.  V. 

355,  360,  415,  813 
McMaken,  W.  V.  362,  367 
McMeekin,  Samuel..    99 

McMullen,  John 104 

McMillan,  Wm...  9,  878 
McMurphv,  James..  103 

Mc.Murphv,  Wm 102 

McNain,  C.H 66 

McNamar.  J.  M.  4-35,  437 

McNair,  Wm... 298 

McNamee,  W.  J 331 

McNees,  Johu.  .  328,  623 

McNeil,   Robert 66 

McNelly,  James, 

360,  482,  8.36 

McNclIy,  Moses. 333 

McNe.'is,  John 103 

McNutt,  Nathan  D..  103 

McNntt,    Wesley 361 

McNutt,  Wm.  J. 103 

McPherson,  James  B. 

11,  15,  225.  386 
McPhillips.  Joseph.  99 
McQuillen.  Mattie..  916 
McQuilliug,  David..  918 
McSwaney,  Moses...  440 


« 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


946 


Page.  Page. 

McTagae,  Charles...  §41     Martin,  Auderspn. .  438 
McTague,  Miss  Ella.  841     Martin,  Edward  M-  978 


McVuisili,  A.  It 358 

McVey,  Solomon 66 

Maby,  \Vm 881 

Macfien,  A TTl 

Macben.  A.  F.  351,484,698 

MacUeu.A.J 98 

Machen,   H.  L 368 

Maeheu,  W.  H. 

423,  486,  657,  689 

Mack.  Andrew 3T0 

Mack,  E.. 342 

Mack.  Elisha 

323,  366,  408,9-34,925,927 

Mack,  P.  B 19 

Mack,  tico..  361,307,821 

Mack,  I.  F...- 643 

Mack,  .lohu..?l,  101,321 

Mack,  Wm 101,  350 

Mackev,  John -  362 

Maclareu,  S.  R..  724,  773 
Macomber,  A.  E. 
354,   389,  391,  423,  496, 
844,  907 

Macv,  F.  W 402 

Macy,  J.  B..  373,  401,  3,53 
Haddocks,  A.  W., 

100,  654.  S55 

Maddy,  John  C 478 

Madison,  James 52 

Mailer,  James 484 

Maher,  John  T. 

85,  89.  90,  96,  364,  386 

Maher,  W.  H 496,803 

Mahoo,  Barney 386 

Mahon,  Patrick 87S 

Mohoney,    Bartholo- 
mew   878 

Majors,  A.  J.323,  892,  905 
■Malcom.  W.  h  ...477,  683 
Mallett,  Benjamin, 

85,  314,  351,  354,  904 
Mallett,  Bcnj.  F.. .85,  3.50 

Mallett.  t;eorge 101 

Mallett.  M 906 

Mallon,  James 96 

Mallon,  M 362 

Mallory,  Ogdeu 446 

Malone.  Ed. 
360,  361,  388,  .389,  485,496 

Malone,  Pat. — 486 

Malouey,  James 96 

Manchester,  Charles.  915 

Mandler,  Jacob 391 

Manier,  Rev 906 

Manly,  Elias 891 

Manley,  Levi 878 

Maun.  A.  P 358 

Mann,  Mrs.  A.  P.—  875 

Mann,  Harry  V 934 

Mann,  Richard 443 

Manning,  Amanda..  693 

Manning,  Jarius 323 

Manning,  James--882,883 
Mauypenny,  G.  W  __  650 

Mapes,  Samnel 446 

Maples,  James  E 648 

Maples,  James  H. 
85.  97,  111,  349.  388,  482, 
689 

Marcy,  Wm.  L 402 

Marion,  Frank 641 


Martin,  A.  R 97 

Martin, James 850 

Martin,  John 66 

Martin.  Joseph 897 

Martin,  Patrick 878 

Martin,  Predom 99 

Martin,  Rosana 1)94 

Martin,  Wm. 

314.  315,  320,  338,  366 

Marts,  John 90 

Marts,  T.  S  90 

Marvin,  Mrs.  H.  E...  8:11 
Marvin.  James  H  ...  485 

Marx,  Emil -.  694 

Mar.x,  Gnido, 

90,  99.  106,  107,  350,  355 

358,388,391,4,85,496,753, 

817,  837 

Marx,  Joseph  E., 

85,  355,  388,  483,  640,  641 

817 

Marshall  &  Way 4,80 

Mason,  E.  D -  48i 

Mason,  Henry 65,  60 

Mason.  H.  1>., 
322.  343,  367,  385.  393,  428 
447,  482,  808,  811 

Mason,  John 101 

Mason,  Luke 328 

Ma.son,  M   M 315,  8S4 

Massey,  Thos 358 

Massey,  Wm 99 

Mathews,  C 315 

Mather,  1).  D 832 

Mather,  0 9~ 

Mather,  W.  W 11 

Mathias,  John 100 

Mathias,  J.  F 361 

Mathias,  L. — 483 


Merrell.  E %>     Mills,  .John ^    Morehou.e  &  Brown- 

MerrellJj.B 478     MiUs.J.C..., IM       lee. 


Mathias,  Lewis 97 

Matteel,  Chas 100 

Matthews,  Chauncy, 

315,  338 
Matthews,  Stanley  .-    15 

Mattimore,  John 388 

Mattison,  C.  L :185 

Mattocks,  Daniel  J.96,  107 
Mattocks, Mrs. Laura  J. 

723 
Matzinger,  Isaac  —  873 

Mav,  Edward 905 

Mav,  John  W... .700,  781 
May  &  Hathaway  ...  482 
Maver,  Bartolome...  416 

Maver,  G 485 

Mayhew,  Thos.  C, 

98,  689,  816 

Meacham,  J.S 925 

Meachison,  James  H  9-34 
Mead,  A,  B., 
103,113,384,348,859,860 
861 
Mead,  Catharine, 

320,  323,  861 

Mead,  C.  B 103 

Mead,  D.  S 98 

Mead,  Xeuphon 859 

Meany,Stephen  J.  116,640 
Medill,  Joseph  ..643,  650 

Medill,  Wm 11 

Meech,  Horace 402 


Merrill,  Charles 847 

Merrill,  Chaunceyl00,368 

Merrill,  I).  A 119 

Merrill,  D.K  ..3;,  99,360 
.Merrill,  Geo.  W. 

82,83,97,108,221,361,387 
Merrill,  Hciirv, 

92.  97.  361,  387,  689 

Merrill,  Joseph 100 

Merrill,  Levine 2.'^i8 

Merrill,  Maurice —    83 

Merrill,  N 90 

Merrill, Mrs.Naaman  902 

Merrill,  N.O 90 

Jler-ell,  Nelson 881 

Merrills,  Chauncey..  314 

Merrill,  Kli --  878 

Merritt,  Harriett  J..  848 

Merrill,  J.  L 98 

Merritt,  Nancv 905 

Merritt,  Wm.  H. 

355,  484,  686 
Merry,  Karl  W. .  224.  359 

Merry,  L  E  . — 813 

Mersereau, Cornelius  892 
Mersereau,  Henry315,904 
Mersereau,  P.  Y..812, 846 
Jlersou,  Andrew  P..  -361 

Mertz,  Chas 341,481 

Mervin,  Denttm 913 

Mesh-kee-mah(Indian) 

657 
Messer,  James  C. 
103,  103,  353.  358,361,689, 
863 
Messinger,  Chas.  E. 

86. 100,  780 
Messinger,  Wm.  B. 

100,  476,  485 

Metcalf.  Henry 104 

Mettler.  P.  J 360 

Metzger,  Louisll3, 849,949 

Meyer.  C.F -    86 

Meyer,  G.F 98 

Meyer,   W..H 3.89 

Mickens.  Peter 905 

Middleton,  D.  C. 

3-20.  33.8,913 

Midsott,  John 101 

Milburn,  C.  F... .787,  788 

Miles,  George 413 

Millard,  A.  L....  304,402 

Millard,  Chas.  V 485 

Millard,  J 315 

MiUe,J.S 98 

Miller,  A 103 

Miller,  Andrew 104 

Miller,  A.  P. 

355,  448,  6:18, 639 

Miller,  A.  s 786 

Miller,  Barnet 879 

Miller,  Mrs.  Barnet.  879 
Miller,  C.  C...99,  107,317 
Miller,  Chas.E.342.494,640 
Miller,  Chas.  R.  &  Co  494 
Miller,  Chris  41 


Milversledt.  L 
Miner.  Clias.. 
Miner,  Dan.  II, 

Miner,  Mrs.  II 

Miner.  J.  W 


476.  496. 
724,  8:17 
....  4S4 

60 

!l!l,  1 12,485 
118 
92 


Morgan,  D.  T 
Morgan,  lieo.  W... 
Morgan,  James  ... 
Morgan,  Micliael.. 
Morlev,  E.  Newlaud  .341 
Moros.s,  IVIiTCm,  476 
Moross.  V.C.&  A....  482 

Morrell,  'riios I>61 

Morris,  I'liirence 224 

Morris,  C.  1> 722 

Morris,  I) 91' 

Morris,  John 98,  101 

Morris,  .Sarah  1. 691 

Morris,  Tliomius 120 

Morris,  Wm 4.''4 

Morrison,  W.  C 318 

Morris,  W.  K 819 

Morrison.  C,  B 106 

Morrison.  Orrin :)87 

Morrisi>n.  lioberl...  914 

Morrison.  K.  M 61" 

M,,rrison.T.S.  (■...-  :)14 
Morrow,  .lere... .9,11,  l.^ 

.Morrow,  Tliomas 9( 

Morry,  M.  II.  —  —-  104 
Minor!  Timotliv  E..  892  Morse,  A.  Howard..  481 
■'  Mitch.  Johnnie".-  260    Morse.  K''»slus, 

Mitchell.E.- 101  429,H8J.8!). 

Mitchell,  Edward,317,7r3    Morse,  Lyman 31 « 

Mitchell,   Jethro....  773    Mor^e.  R.  O. -.-..--    ■6 
Mitchell  J.  G...  773,  810    Mortimer,  E.  l.8i,97,  49o 

Mitchell,  Orrin -  :J20    Morton,  A 

Mitchell,  O.  M...  15,  266    Morion,  D.  0„ 

Mitchell,  P 97 

Mitchell,  R.  B. 
88.94,  111,113,  355,  478 
-    —  .366 

S60 
85 
90 
90 
66 


Miner,  Mrs.  S 118 

Miner,  Salmon 895 

Minneker,  W.  H-..  390 

Minnie,  J.  A    9i 

Minnito,  1.  II 99 

Minor,  .Vlexander..  8li3 
Minor.  Amos  ....315,892 
Minor,  Francis 

345,  365,  660,  8.58.  861 
Minor.  J.  J.  „  ,.„ 

M,  104,  .343,  :)45,  640,  863 

Minor,  Joseph 803 

Minor,  Julia 81>:) 

Minor,  Lewis 863 

Minor,   Peter 

:113,   :120,    321,   847,  &)K. 

859.  860,861,  863,  909 

Minor.  Peter  Jr..^..  8(il 


...    97 


Mitchell,  Wm 
Moas,  N.  A  — 

Moe,  S.  B- 

Moffett.  John 
Moffett,  Jonah 
Mount.  Thos  . 

Momeny,   Peter 102 

Monahan.  P.  J 386 

Monclly,  G.  S 104 

Monroe,  James  B  420,47b 

Monroe,  J.  V 7:i:! 

Montgomery,  CM..  649 
Montgomery.  Levi  G  481 
Montgomery,  Robert    13 

Moody,   Dwight 844 

Moon,  John  H 94 

Moon,  P.  V 102 

Moon,  T 99 

Mooney,  Mrs.  Clotil- 
da B.. 933 

Mooney,  D.  B. 


77,314,  :522.;i:)S,  341,  384 
385,  408,  429,  lH2,  0S8,  M 

Morton,  Miss  Lena  .  116 
Morton,  Lucrctia  I'.  694 
Morions  Whitney..  481 

Mosher,  Caleb 867 

Moslier,  John 315,  -MT 

Mosher,  P.  C. 

320.  323,  338,  889,  8lil 
Mott,  Miss^panj-,!,,,  ,^ 
Mott,  Miss  Mary  S.,,^^^,^^ 

Mott,  Richard, 
00.  91.  93,  96,   1»,  314 
331,337,:»8,:»41,:M  .345 
347,:J51.360,  ;16,.3.3,  .186 
401,  401,413,  461,  466,  4<1 

^^-^'^^'^  «*'•""■  lil;,tl4 

Molt,  Mrs.  llicbard..  498 

Mott.  Samuel 6»7 

Mott  &  Co ;;.--  481 

yl4 


■m,  386,  668, 905    Monlton,  Aimer  W 

Moonev  J  A      :143    Mimlton,  C.  "., 

Mooney;  Mils  Lillie.  831    ^,    ^ 106,  348,  484,  486. 


Mooney,  Morris  N..  185  Monlton,  John 

Moore,  Albert  '^^°"""",'  v  -L.^  -w   kk. 

8:1,  357,  359,  366,  42%  483  Mount,  .  .  -N  .383,  /92,  81.> 

Moore,  A.  C'. 98  Mount,  J.  &  J.  N...-  480 

Moore,  Chas.  A 85  Moyer.N-..-. -------     '" 

Moore!  Dayid...,.„.,    97  Mubach,  Jobr^Sr...    04 


.  86,  689 


|]3!'t 882     Meirr,  Joseph 


Markscheffel,  R.  C.  106 
Markscheffel.  Wm.86,  485 

Marlctt,  Mrs.  J 723 

Marraon,  Chris 98 

Maroff.  Jacob 912 

Marot.E 342 

Marriott,  . 

Marry,  James 98 

Marsh,  Artemas 92:1 

Marsh,  A.  A 484 

Marsh,  A.  O 97 

Marsh,  A.  H 485 

Marsh,  Joel 330,905 

Marsh,  Mrs.  O.  D...  724 

Marsh,  Mrs.  It 484 

Marsh,Mrs.  Sarah 879 

Marsh,  Stephen.  :322,  486 

Marsh,  Wm.  O 439 

Marsh  A  Carter 480 

Marshall,  A.  G 820 

Marshall,  H.  C 420 

Marston,  James, 

357,  360,  361,  910,  916 
Marston,  Mrs.  J.B.316.666 
Martel,  P 96 


Meier,  Thomas 
Meigs,  R.  J... 
Meilink,  Bernard 


915 
.16,  54 


Miller,  Fred 9:34 

Miller,  Fred.  R 415 

Miller,  George...  31,5,  :12:i 


351,:358!:391.479,'782,  808     Milier-Hcnry  .49  60,96,485 
Meiiink.Elizaheth  E.  093     Miller,  John. 104,  10,,  OjO 


Meinert,  L.  H. 


99 
98 


Meissner,  Chas... 
Meissner,  George, 

99,  366,  .388,  476 
Mellay,  Timothy  B..  107 

Melony,  Wm 891 

Melony,  Wm.,  Jr....  892 
Melvin.  James. -.360,  390 
Mennson.  Schubcl..  :360 

Menard,  Peter.- 862 

Meng,  S.  P 100 

Menifee,  R.  P 64 

Menter,  Michael 321 

Merchant,  Silas 422 

Meredith,  A.  R 8()0 

Meredith,  Mary  F...  860 

Meredith,  Sally 860 

Meredith,  T.B 862 

Merickel,  L 104 


Miller!  John,  Jr 100 

Miller,  Joseph 96,  864 

Miller,  Joseph  H....    90 

Miller,  J.  R 890,476 

Miller.  O.  G 388 

Miller,  Madison 96 

Miller,  SamneL.  103,  913 

Miller,  Sylvester 934 

Miller,  T.  G 413 

Miller,  Wm 860 

Mills,    Arthur 10-1 

Mills,  A.  L — 97 

Mills,  Barnet 103 

Mills,  David 

104,  H80,  881,  883 
Mills,   Mrs.  David..-  879 

Mills,  Darius 319 

Mills,   D.  0 455 

Mills,  H.    S 320 

Mills,  Isaac 463 


Moore,  John  H..  121,407 

Moore,  Joseph  II 409 

Moore,  J.  V 102 

Moore,  J.  W 64 

Moore,  Robert 8X2 

Moore,  Samuel 321 

Moore,  S.T 100 


Moore,  Wm. 11. ,107,109,353    Mullen 


873.  891.  892 
Mnhlenbick.  Fred  ..  4S(i 

Mulhany,  John 386 

MuUiennv,  John.  %.  120 
Mnlhollaiul,  John  -.  66 
Mulholhind,  .Samuel  Ii61 
Mulini.x.  G.  W :i61 


Janice 882 


Moore,  W.  G 642 

Moore,  W.  H 9. 

Mora,  Jared 934 

Moran,  Michael 90 

Morehouse,  Miss  Alice, 

117 
Morehouse,  L.  L., 

101,117,  31B,  341,:M2,  350 

;l52,:l(i0.  910,  913.914,  918 

Morehouse,  Mrs.L.L.  116 

Morehouse.  Silas 923 

Morehouse,  MissS  K.  117 

Morehouse,  Rev 915 

Morehouse,  Wm. 101,  117 
Morehouse,  Wm.  H., 

101,  476 


.Mulligan.  J.  A 90 

.Mumiord,  Wm 328 

Mnmiord,  W.  W  ....  470 

Munch,  Alex 101 

Monday,  Henry 1«1 

Munday,  lOdmuiid..  :i09 
Mungen,  Wm.....343.  347 
Mnnson,  lCli-870,,-<91,S92 
Monson,  ICIizabcth..  K67 

Mnnson,  H.  D 3.« 

Munson.  G.  W... 641,  870 
.Munson,  l,cv>...  104.870 

Munson,  .shubttl 104 

Murtcc,  J.  G 807 

MurfeeA  Uilles 180 

Murk,  Antoinc 323 


946 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


Murphy,  Harmon...  102 
Murphy,  John  B. 
„      ,  87, ;«,  J83 

Marphy,  McKees...    103 

Murphy,  Roger 38" 

Jlurphy,  Wm.  S 334 

iMuriihy,  Wm  ..89,  90  !)9 
.Muriihy,  Pelt-r&Co.  440 
Murray.  Daniel, 

«6i,  847,  900 

Murray,  J ^^l,^ 

Murray.  .James.. 660,  68S 

Murray,  Patrick..  8'),  387 

Myers.  James, 

83.  89.  9^,  106,  321,  ,33S, 

343,  34.5.   350.   365,   367 

385,    402.    408.    413,   419 

465,  LSI,  493,  640,  61)4 

Myers,  .lames  I)  .  361 
Myers,  James  W-_88  224 

M.vers,  Jerome  B, 

^  ^    ,        382,343,365 

Myers.  John  M  643 

Myers,  J.  C 

Myers,  L.  D 

Myers,  Mary  E  . 

Myers,  Samuel 

Myers,  W.  J... 

Myers  &Stone 

Myers  &  Yates... 


Page. 


Page. 


iSfe^::li  ^x^,::-;;^  Sij^-^--:!!— John  "^^- 


Nichols,  Wm.  s'T"  9.34 
Nichols,  Erastus  97 

Nicholas,  H.  C  85.  98,  689 
Nicholas,  Eohert  97 

Nicke.  X __      97 

NickersoD,  D.  P__""  4.3s 
Niemeyer,  Mathies  101 
Niles,  Henry  T  no 

Nitchie,  G.  H.  &  Co    92: 


Osbon,   \V.  H ;    97 

Osborn,  Hartwell 

86,  123,  787 
Oshorn,  Henrv  C  ...  641 

Osborn,  John  M 420 

Osborn,  John  R. 
14,  19,  26,  82,   105,  322, 
331,    335,   811.    358,    360, 
7,415.  639,669.831,917 


S?  „  '     '      323,910,    913 

-  934  Pettys,  Daniel 4S5 

.  480  Pezzy,  Oeorge 99 

-  66  Pfauuer,  B 343 

-  101  Pflsterer,  John  "  96 
Tj  t  •  1  •  .-  „--,--„----  -^^  Phelan,  John  C  367 
Patrick,  A.  F.  &  Co..  446  Phalen    Jliehae  IM 

Pa  tee.  Philo  H 481  Pheatt,  C.  k     *"— "  .^ 

Patten.  Andrew 878  "'        ■      ■-   -" 


Partridge,  David.. 
Partridge,  O.  M 
Pasko,  A,  A  ... 
Patchin,  M,  A 
Patrick,  S.  J  . 


m!M  ^      !',  ^""'^^  "^'  ^*-^     Osborn,  Mrs.  J.  E, 
Noble,  Alonzo ..319  mc 


\,    u,    ■  ;-'0°Z0 319 

Noble,  Chas..362,  371,  407 
Noble,  Conrad  .  848 

Noble,  C.H..         '"  9^ 
Noble,  Guy  C.77, 924,  925 

Noble,  Lou 860 

Noble,  O.  H  917 

Noble,  Mrs.  O.  U      '  (iji 
Noble,  Philauder 

Noel,  John 

Nolen,  J.  G., 

^„     AT        "'.11^316,357,387 

.  643     Noreross,  J.  E.      387   479 

.  -  848     Noreross,  J.  S  "476 

-.  389 
-.  917 
..  415 


877 
64 


...  917 


105,  106,  252 

Osborn,  Ralph 89 

Osborn,  W.  E...  224,613 

Osgood,  F.  E 98 

Csgood,  W.  H 360 

Ostrand.  James  P..  102 
Ostrander,  W.  H.  866,867 

O'Sullivan,  J.  M 391 

Oswald,  Geo.  &  Co..  917 
Oswalt,  Elizabeth...  818 
Otis,  LuciusB..  343,  409 


Patten.  Harvey s41 

Patten,  John Ml,  878 

Patten,  Louis  867 

Patten,  Miss  Nancy.  841 

Patten,  Wm io"2,  867 

Patton,  J    F ._  770 

Patt  rsou,  Chas .320 


Norris,  John    un 

Norris,  S.  \\ _/Ji  "■- 


M  AtllTRAB,  J.  A  849      ....,.„„,  ^ 
X^  Nadeau,JosephB    65     Norton,  C   M 
Nagle.v,  John 390     Norton  E  h"" 

Napier,  Benj.  -yo     "  .  .^.  n  .. 

Nash,  Norman  T.. 85,  641 

Nashee,   George 642 

Nason,  Samuel...       842 

Nason,  Samuel  N       lO' 

Naugle,   George  ....  817 

Naumann,  John 

101.  107,  387 

Navarre,  Alex., 

XT  66,657,852,  856      hjhuu,  .loun  u  mot 

Nav  arre,  Antoiue,  852,856     Norton   Walter  '  44b"  VA 

Navarre,   Catherine.  852     Norvell,  John 


.  .  90 

Norns,  Thos.  D  483 

Northrop.  J.  W 36O 

Northrup,  JoelG..  .  646 

Norton,  A.  Banning    643 

....  101 

„     , 261,  3.89 

Norton,  Galen.. .101,  .366 
Norton,  G.  W  , 

206,  348,.353,  487,  842.  846 
Norton,  H...       _  _      joi 

Norton,  H.  C ioi,  107 

Norton.  J.  D....         agi 
Norton,  J.  .S., 

110,  354.  476,  835 
Norton,  Miss  Jennie  7.35 
Norton,  John  G...      907 


Otterbein,  Wm 
Otto.  Frank.. 

Outcalt,  J 

Owen.  S.  M.. 
Owens,  Pat.. 
Owens,  T.  W., 


850 
99 
97 


. ..  .388 
...  387 


PACKARD,  C.  C.  641 
Paddock,  F.  L.  478 


483 


100 

98 


Navarre,  Fraucis....  852 

Navarre,  James.  657,  856 

Navarre,  Jaques 852 

Navarre,  M 101 

Navarre,  Napoleon..    66 

Navarre,   Peter 

^.     64,  65,  66,  657,  852,  856 

Navarre,  E.  C. 

30,  65,  360,  656,  657 

Navaugh,  Geo.W.         98 

Nearing,  Guy fien 

Neariug,  Mars 

.99,478.770,771,859 

Neanng.Neptune  859,861 

Nearing,  Phidias ...   315 

Nearing,  Truxton  914 
Needel,  John  103 

Neel,  Mrs.  Henry  901 
Neeley.Mrs. Elizabeth  926 
Nedmore.  Perrv.  66 

Neli;  Jacob.../..         101 

Neil,  Wm 424   ^43 

Neil,  Moore  &  Co  '  424 
Neiswauger,  Christ  813 
Nelson,  1.  R..  96,  349,  8.37 

Nelson,    Noe 3511 

Ness,  Jacob..  103 

SfS'.*"^liael 103     ...a..,-,!,  c 

Nesbitt,  Andrew.  98,  389     O'Farrell,  F 


Neubert,  Henry  G 

123,  261,  3l"0,  353,  358 
Newcomb,  Alex.  H 

97,  116,  381,395,689,809 
Newcomb,  Eleazer     .809 
Newcomb,  H.  A.  W    892 
Newcomb,  John  Jay 
,,  481, 688 

Newcomer,  J.  K._.    643 

Newell.  James 882 

Newfeldf,  Hermau,96, 4S3 
Newman,  John  485 

Newman,  W.  .S.  9; 

News  Publishing  Co  641 
Newton,  Prances  C.  693 
Newton,  John  T 
^,        100,  112,  358,  356,  421 
Newton,  Mrs.  J.  T.116,831 

Newtou.   W.  H 385 

Newton,  Joseph 224 

Nichol,  Charles  104 

Nichol,  John  104 

Niehol,  W.  H 97 

Nichols,  F.  L. 

338.    344,  .345,    366,   482, 

483,485,535,934 

Nichols.  Mrs.  F.  L       116 

Nichols,  W.  H 345 


Notage,  Wm 883 

Noyes,  A 374 

Noye-s,  E.  F '223 

Nuhfer,  Andrew  ...  926 
Nye,  D.  H... 482,  689,  770 
N.ve.  EmmaP....  694 
Nye,  E.  D.,  " 

,^  85.  88,  106,  346,  484,  689 
N,ve,  Mrs.  E.  D  ..        ne 

Nye,  Francis  L 693 

Nye,  Joel... 103 

OBERGARTEN,A  98 
Oberle,  John  .389 
Oberle,  Paul....  101 
Oberly,  Elias...  8.59 

Obllnger,  F.,  J 640 

Obhnger  &Blakelv..  619 
O'Brien,  Morrough 

120,351,  485 
Obrist,  A...  .  479 

O'Connell,   Timothy  322 

O  Connor,   M.  C '     98 

O'Connor,  Wm  4f4 

Men,  M.  N .359,  365 

O  Dwyer,  Ed..  3m 

O'Karrell,  Barney...  120 

O'Farrell,  Bryan 321 

120 


Paddock,  J.  H 

Page.  A    B 

Page,  J.  F. 

Page,  Lewis...  ... 

Page,  .Sherman 

Page,  Thos.  S.....358,  479 

Paige,  James  S 891 

Paine,  Chas.  C 411 

Paine,  Edward 881 

Paine,  E.  B .358 

Paine,  J.  G 388,  486 

Paine,  J.  H.. .335 

Paine.  H.  E 89 

Payne,  Royal 402 

Palmer,  .Andrew, 


Pheatt,   Gid.  K..  97,  484 
Pheatt,  I.  T. 

^,      438,  4.55,  457.  693.  836 
Pheatt,  Z.C..30, 422.689,7.58 

Phelps,  C,  0 648 

Phelps.  Edwin 351 

Phelps,  E.  H  94 

Patterson. c's::::;;:  w^  l^^^'$,lf^.^,lm  is?. 

.3.31,670.844     Phelps;    C.  O 648 

Pavey,  E       gg    Phelps  John     102 

P^yni^.  g-B 858    Phelps  Orlin  97 

?''^k''a'^-J-^- 82  Phelps,  Mrs.  Orlin      723 

Peabody,  W.  H...386,  482  Phelps   .s  S                 "34 

Pearce,  John  O 914  Phelps.  Wm'.T.:::"  103 

Pearce.S...  60  Phillip,  August     99,486 

Pease,  Don  A.  PhUUps,   Adelaide.    693 

p          ,r    ^}?'  ■"•5.  3.«.  393  Phillips,  C.  B. 

Pease,Mi-s.Emma  Sib-  86,  89   94    97    108    "24 

T>h^''-y-u-ii 252        272,   422, '488,'  675,'   779,' 

Pease.  John  U.  •        ,        ,        .        , 

102,   .314.   328.  .3.32.  338,  Phillips  C  L                'l04 

343,  346,  722, 888,  891,893  Phillies,'  Daniei;.":."."  IM 

Pease,  Wra.T.4t0.443,4&4  Phillips    David.....  856 

P.at,  John  B  .    917  phiiUps  e.  B...  408,  420 

Peck,  Charles  F... 97,  476  Phillihs  Gen                <t-)3 

Peck.  E.D..97,  99,3,55,486  PM,7ps'  HenryV""" 

Peck. E.J... 420  100,  320,  331,  388,    442, 


Peck,  George.. 
Peck.  Jerry.. 
Peck,  J.  L  .. 
Peck,  W.  R._.. 
Peckham.  B.  P. 

.S2.  385,471,  808,815 

Peckham,  E.  G 479 

Peckham,  G.  R.. 


420 

893 

96 

99 

101 


675,  900,  907 
Phillips.  1 905 

Phillips,  James 480 

Phillips,  John 675 

Phillips,  Philip  I. 

350,481,  675,900,  906 
Phillips,  Peter. 96 

loI'lS'^'^lt?^^     Peckham;  Ge;^ec::    II    S^  fhS?^:::!  lol 
*"''«.=..«39,  66.,  695,707     Peckham,  J.  D...  .323.  923    Phillips    William..    101 

Peckham*  Co 480    Phillips.  W.  C 96 

Peekr  T  M ^^'^    -•"-"'  Robert.  370,374,897 

Pegden,  .lames 105 

Pelky.  Wm 98 

Pell.  Joseph 101 

Pelton,  A.  D. 
100,  415,  476.  478.   6.38, 
640,  641,782 

Pelton,  Mrs.  A.  D 116 

Pember,  R 443 


Officer,  .John..  91 

Ogden,  G.  M.... 90 

Ogg.  Jacob 101 

OHagan,  H.  E 735 

O'Hara.  Charles 

85,  96,  120,  390.'  430,  46.3, 
„,,,  '"74,  481,  757 

O  Hara,  Daniel...        389 

O'Ecef.  Daniel 860 

Olds.  H.  D 3S8 

Oliver, Wm .  7i,3"2"6V370,819 
Olmstead,  John.  402,  413 
Olmsted,  Owen...  385 
Olmsted,  P.  H  .  642 

Olmsted,  Orrin  G—  86 
Olmsted  &  Walker.  480 
Olrieh,  I^eter..  98 

o;NeaI.C.  W.. 341 

u -Neil    James 8i.2 

Omen.  John..  S63 

O'Neil,  Ihomas 

97,  120,  362,  367,  485 
(Jpitz,   Fred.  O..  97 

Orcutt,  B.  B 387,486 

O'Reilly,  M..  97 

Ormsby.  C.  S....III;  400 

(  ini...l,y,  c.  M. 4f0 

Orno,   James 90 


66,  772,  807.  811,  900 
Palmer,  Daniel..  471 
Palmer,  U.D.,.. .341,  639 

Palmer,  H 443 

Palmer,  John  H...  .    90 
Palmer,  Peter, 

82,  337,  385,  807 

Palmer,  W.  C ._    99 

Palmer,  W.  D...  479 
Palmer.Andrew&Co.  480 

Paraniore,  J.  W '1-23 

Parcher,  Julius  ...  107 
Parrher,  Lyman, 

85,  314,  340,  349,  348,  366 
„      ,  680, 882 

Parcher,  Mary 694 

I'argo,  J 98 

Park,  J.  A .389 

Park,  J.  H. '_'.    gu 

Park,  Patrick .  878 

Parker.  Alonzo 892 

Parker.  Chauncv 909 

Parker,  Ii.  C "  .344 

Parker,  Ellis  ....890,  892 
Parker,  George...  328 
Parker,  Hiram. 

102,314,891,  892 

Parker,  I.  S 340 

Parker,  J.  A 388 

Parker,  J.  C 69 

Parker,  J.  H.  102, 889,  895 
Parker,  Mrs.  L...        118 

Parker,  L.  A 689 

Parker,  Simeon  ..  891 
Parker,  S   S...  224 

Parker.Mrs.  W 118 

Parker,  Warren  .  892 
Parker,  W.  n  , 

360,  495,  497,  733 

Parkman.  E.  P 77 

Parks.  C.  F as 

Parks,  J.  H, 3ti0 

Park.«,  L.  K 788 

Parks.  Patrick 870 

Pormelee,  E 495 

Parmelee,  Horace..  691 
Farmelee,  8aniuel  ..  476 
Farmelee,  W.  E.,Sr., 

ICO,  344 
Parmelee,  W.  E.,  Jr., 

89.  90.  224,  476,  782 
Painiclcc.  E.  A  Co...  484 

Farrifh,  C.  E 101 

Parsons,  Mrs.  C 831 


Pickens,  Wal'ter 
221,358,361,366,391,785 

Pier,  O.  C 90 

Pierce,  John  D 492 

Pierce.  H.  D 394 

Pierce,  Stewart 60 

Pierce,  Wm .368 

Pierson,  Edward  A..    76 
Pierson,  John 923 


Pemberton,  Simon  S.  104    Pike,  Louis  H 
Pendleton,  Ed 64.  66       85,  99,  106,  124,  330,  361 


Pendleton,  George...  386 
Pendleton,  Geo.  H       352 

Penlield,  A.  B 99 

Peufleld.  C.  R 100 

Penfield.  J,  J 

Pennick.  .Tames . 
Pennock,  S.  M.... 
Pepper,  George  C, 
Pepper,  N.  C 


367 


Pepple.  Casper "  485    Pittman.'D 


Percival.  James 891 

Perigo.Charles  E.709,  7''2 

Perigo,  Mrs.  E 116 

Perigo,  Wm.  H. 

■86,  90,  98.  353 
Perm,  Wm 926 


Pilcher,  Henry  E 915 

. .    Pilliod,  August 
100  359,  388,  ;»,  466 

•387    Pincnutt,  Calvin 103 

60  Pinkerton,  J  R..97,  484 
690  Pinkerton,  W.  B....  916 
690    Pitcher,  Theophilus  326 

Pittinger.  John 914 

"■" "  402 


Place.  John 862 

I'lant,  A.H 101 

Plants,  Josiah  S 90 

Piatt,  Card.... 321 

Piatt,  Eev.E.  F 484 

Piatt,  E.  S.-_  92,  350,  352 


Perkins.  AD    455     Piatt,' H.  P.  85,  349,359,835 

Perkins,  Elizabeth...  693    Piatt,  Martha  A 693 


Perkins,  E.  B 408 

Perkins.  Elizabeth  j    693 
Perkins,  George  R 

310,  315,  480,  689 
Perkins,  Maurice...    .359 


101 


Perkins.  Milan 879    Plessner,  Hi 

p.  rrin,  David "      " 

Perrin,  E.  W.... 
Perrin,  E.  Giissie 

Perrin,  Mrs.  L 

Ferry,  Amos  ...  . 
Perry.  Cnrti 
Perry.  Gtors 


Piatt  &  Miller 480 

Platfoot,  George 111 

Platton,  James 104 

Pleaborn,  M.  C.  T...  100 
Pleastead,  Elisha 892 


enry 99 

Plessner.  John 98 

.389    Plessner,  R 99 

694    Plumb,   Alta 893 

723    Plumey,  Cyril 485 

862    Plummer,  Josiah         867 

101.  350    Plummer,  M.  B  100 

103    Poag.  John. 


Perry.Mrs^H.C 119  "481.494,670,682, 

Perry,  H.D 98  Poag  &  Ketcbam  ....  494 

Perry.  John 102  Poe,  Isaac  N...  495 

Peiry,Hampton  A  Co  485  Polk,  John  W  '     90 

P'=">''  O.  B 6,  68  Polk,  R.  L.  &  C6:;:."  641 

Pershall    S 108  Pollock,  James 101 

£'■]'-'''' „4.'\'° 389  Polly,  John ]02 

Peter,  William..  773,  810  Polly,  George  104 

Peters,  Frederick...  104  Pomeroy,  C.  S  "  483 

Peterson,  B.  A w  Pomeroy,  Calvin  t!' 338 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


947 


Page. 
Pomerov,  George  E. 

360',  4715,  H71,  829,  830 
Pomerov,  Mrs,  Geo,E. 

4%,  782 
Pomerov,  H,  B. 

476,  4a3,  429 
Pomeroy,  Mrs.  H.  B.  831 
Pomeroy,  J.  P----97,  48.T 

Pomerov,  Seth 694 

Pomeroy.  Thaddeus.  829 

Pomerov,  W.  L 48(i 

Poud,  Mrs.  C.  W..-.  782 

Pond,. John  P  934 

Pond,  Samuel 821 

Pontius,  John. -..719, 782 

Pope.  Nate 49 

Pope,  Gen.  John 823 

Porter,  A.J 872 

Porter,  A.  M 407 

Porter,  Converse 326 

Porter,  C.  G 4T6 

Porter,  Elhaman 923 

Porter,  Elijah.384,  385,392 

Porter,  Elisha -  3:i8 

Porter,  George 660 

Porter,  George  B 309 

Porter,  Henry  H 408 

Porter,  John- »78 

Porter,  J.  K 866 

Porter,  J.  K 267 

Porter,  M.  H 85,641 

Porter,  P.  B...99,  317,355 

Porter,  S 385 

Porter,  Stephen, 

368,  667,  892 

Post,  C - 476 

Post,  James 411 

Post,  Stillman 867 

Post,  S.  S 419 

Potter,  Mrs.  Anna  ..  724 
Potter,  Mrs.  A.  B....  831 

Potter,  A.  C 101 

Potter,  Edgar  F 316 

Potter,  Elijah 331 

Potter,  E.  D.,  Sr. 
28,29,  96,  .3a0,.322.356,359 
367,  385,  482,   808,  811,, 
813,  831 
Potter,  E.  D.,  Jr. 

89,  354,  391 

Potter,  Esther  A 678 

Potter.  E.J 8T9 

Potter,  Freeborn, 

342,  344,  .368 
Potter,  H.  J. 

362,  .366,  367, 390 

Potter,  Joel 390 

Potter,  J.  B 224 

Potter,  Mrs.  Mary  A.  693 

Potter,  Robert 101 

Potter,  W.  D 224 

Potts,  Benjamin  P.. .  234 

Poacher,  J 894 

Poucher.  Solomon—  923 


Page. 
Pray,  John, 

101,  313,  326.  .338,  909, 
910,  913,914,919 
Pray.  J.  L. 

3.58,  916,  918,  919,  9.32 

Prav,  Kate 916 

Pray,  Lucy 919 

Prav,L.  W 916 

Prav,  Mary 914 

Pray,  M.  W 101,  107 

Pray,  Nathan  W  ....  914 

Pray,  Oliver 322,  913 

Pray,  Ozro  D     919 

Pray.  Paris.. 320,  910,  913 
Pray,  Paris  H. 

107,  117,  719,  909,  914 

Pray,  Paris  1, 101 

Pray,  Thomas, 

101,  117,916.  919 
Pray,  Welcome, 

315,331,882,910,  913,914 

Prav,  Wm.  K 914,  919 

Prav&Abell 328 

Pray  &  Hall 918 

Pregizer,  W.  F 386 

Prentice,  -Vugustus  .  8.>1 
Prentice,Mrs.Eleanor854 
Prentice.Frod  .660,713.772 
Prentice,  Mrs.  Fred.  83! 
Prentice,  Joseph. 

322,  660,  834,  854,  905 
Prentice,  Sarah  F...  934 
Prentice,   \Vm...338,  854 

Prentiss,  Liberty 915 

Prentiss,  Roval 642 

Prescott,  Z 328 

Preston,  David 878 

Preston,  F.  W -.  437 

Preston,  Ira 878 

Pre-'ton,  John 878 

Preston,  S.  &  C.  A., 

641,  643 

Preston,  Wm 926 

Price,  Daniel  S..-85,  482 

Price,  J.  C 831 

Prigyzer,  Wm 314 

Printup,  Andrew, 

102,  314,  340,  889,  991 


Page. 
Kakestraw,  Yarnell 

103,  111,  113 

Ralston,  A 757,829 

Kttlyale,  John 924 

Itampus,  J 21 

Itamsay,  C.  S 315 

Ramsey.  Lewns 818 

Ramsey.  Wm 91 

Ramsdell,  W.  1) 98 

Rancho,  .Joseph.  ...  101 

Randall,  G.  (i  98 

Randall.  Miles 320 

Kanney,  D.   R 76 

Rannev,  Richardson 

&  Co 925 

Ranno,  Charles 100 

Ransom,  .Tedediah..  454 

RaTisom,  Joua.  11 408 

Ransom,  Judah  W..  440 
Ransom  &  Randolph  641 
Ransom,  Loander...  41B 

Rapp,  B.  F 867 

Rappe,  Armedeus...  872 
Rappleyee,   I.ydia...  872 

Rathbun,  Benj 371 

Rathbun,  Mrs  M...  116 
Rathbun,   N'athan, 

315,  320,  328,  925 
Rathbun,  E.  P. 

102,  328,  926 

Rattle,  Samuel 494 

Raum,  Greene  B 653 

Rausche,  E.  V.  E....  641 
Rawle,   Wm....  100,  425 

Rawles,  J.-..  374 

Rawsou,  LaQ 90 

Raymer,  Charles 100 

Raymer,  James 

100,  113,  353,  387.  .389 
Raymer,  Marauia  E  694 
Raymer,  Stephen...  101 
Raymer  &  Skidmore  485 
Raymond.  Elizabeth  693 
Raymond,  Miss  E.  J. 

116,  734 
Raymond,  E.  P.  390,  391 

Raymond.  J.  M 694 

Raymond, Miss  Maria  117 


Pagr. 
Reed,  Truman. ...371,  WW 

Reed,  Wealthy 915 

Reed,  Wesley 914 

Rceil,  Wm.  H IH8 

Reed,  W.  11.  A 3«) 

Hceii  ,<;  lldsmer 925 

Reed.S.  R.  &  Alex..  474 

Recs,  II.  1 411 

Reeve,  Nalhan, 

91,  106,  176,  486,  772 
Regenold,  Andrew, 

97.3,  .S«l 

Reichart.  George 97 

Reid,.Tiicob Ki 

Reid,  J.  c ni; 

Reid.  J.  1) 471 

Reidemeisler,  Otto, 

98,  :i48 


Page. 
Kiebel,  Charles 100 


101 
738 
in 
485 
4.15 


Roider,  J 

Relgert,  Wra..  . 

Reillv,.rere 

Reippel,  G.  11.,... 
Reomer,  Jacob... 

Renjard,  J.  C 

Reno,  A.  B - 

Renthinger,  John  C. 


913 

.  892 


476 
81 
389 
98 
100 
8.52 
a56 
118 


Printup  J           .....  3.38     Raymond. Philander  373 
Prior,  Hugo 643     Raymond,_S._  A 


Poulard,  John 

Powell,  Jos -. 

Powers,  Alanson  . 
Powers,  George  ,. 

Powers,  G  F 

Powers,  Henry  G 

Po\vers,  J.  P 

Powers,  Wm.  G 


913 
361 
76 
932 
454 
694 
360 
85,  474 


Prouty,  David 623 

Proutv,  D.  D 844 

Puck,  J.  H 362,  776 

Pugh,  Geo.  E 356 

Pugh,  H.  D 85,  486 

Pugh,  W  B 83,  609 

Puller,  B.  J 66 

Puree,  John  C 913 

Purcell.  J.  B 860 

Purdun,  David, 

876,  877,  881 

Purdv,  J.  C 388 

PurdV,  J.  H. 643 

Purdy,  Mack 934 


Putnam,  E. 
Putnam,  H.  C. 
Putz,  J.  M 


98 
480 
860 

478 


Powers,  Wm.  G  &  Co  494 
Powesland.MissAnna  119 
Powesland,  George..  3'28 

Powesland,  Wm 103 

Pratt,  Amos, 

438,  454, 470,  660,  923 

Pratt,  A.  M 91,357 

Pratt,  Albert 860 

Pratt.  Charles, 
85,  89,  98,  106.  112,  318. 
387.  689,  724 

Pratt,  Edward 101 

Pratt,  E.B 86 

Pratt,  Hiram .373 

Pratt,  Irviu  860 

Pratt,  James 471 

Pratt,  James  W 91 

Pratt,  John 97 

Pratt,  J.  L 360,484 

Pratt,  P.  P 99 

Pratt,  R.  B 86 

Pratt,  Sophia 693 

Pratt,  Wm 439 

Pray,  Alice 916 

Pray,  Ambrose 914 

Prav,  Archibald 914 

Pray,  Caroline 919 

Pray,  Mrs.  Dr 117 

Pray,  Hannah 915 

Pray,  James  F 94 

Pray,  James  R 919 


QUAYLE,    F.  N. 
Quiggle,  Francis 
101,  350 
Quiggle,  R.  0. 

103, 107,  361,  367 

Quigley,  M 99 

t^uigley,  Patrick.  94.  351 

Quiglev.  Thos .350 

Quiun,   F.  J 479 

Quinn,  John 353 

Quinn,  Joseph 64 

Quinsberry,  Roger..    60 
Quisins,  Basil 905 

RAAB,  Lucas, 
356,  .366,  873 

Raab,  Peter 104 

Rabiueau,  A.  A 82 

Rabit,  Mike 98 

Radcliff,   T 97 

Radclill,  Thos 363 

Riidway,  L 32:3 

Riiffensperger,  E.  B. 

93,  93,  123,  261 
Raffensperger,    Mrs. 

E.  B 116 

Ragan,  Mary 934 

Ra|in,   L 98 

Raisenger.  Anton...  485 

Raitz,  Fred 97,389 

Raitz,  Robert 390 

Rake,   H.J—- 97 

Bakestraw.  F.  M 905 

Rakestraw,  John 350 

Bakestraw,  Joseph..  913 


85,  96,  106,  116,  317,  346 

366,    476,   483,   486,   640. 

676,  734,  812,  813 

Raymond,  Wm.  H 

99,    349,   385,    422,    4S7, 

075;  809 

Raymond  ALyude..  .373 

Rayner,  J.  A 481 

Raynor.W.  C 99 

Read,  C.  E 485 

Read,  Joel 2a5.  489 

Read,  Sam.  S.. 

85,  97,  133,  360,  482 
Read  &  Thompson . .  474 

Reager,  Andrew 895 

Redding,  Amos 102 

Redding,  Geo, 326 

Redding,  John 486 

Redding,  Phillip. —  4.85 

Redding.  P.  H 97 

Reddington,  R. 99 

Reed,  Abram  P 914 

Reed,  Alex., 

85,  89,  96,  317,  360,  353 
366,422,  638,  812 

Reed,  Mrs.  Alex 116 

Reed,  Almon  ....371,  439 

Reed,  Amos  S 439 

Reed,  .\nson 847 

Reed,  Chas.  H., 

97,  99,  102,  643 

Reed,Elias — 102 

Reed,  Elizabeth 915 

Reed,  Fanny 915 

Reed,  Frederick 914 

Reed,  George 117 

Reed,  Georgiana 684 

Reed,  Geo.  F 948 

Reed,  Henry, ' 

31,  76,77,  98,  320,043,  920 
Reed,  Henry.  Jr., 
315,346,637,611,719,915 
025 

Eeed,  Horace 642 

Reed,  H   J 103 

Reed,  Isaac  N.... 103,  497 
Reed,  Mrs. -Maria —  84( 

Reed,  Richard 101 

Reed,  S.  M 477 

Reed,  S.R.... 386,  809,  914 
Reed,  MissTt-mpie..  735 
Reed,  Temperance.-  915 
Reed,  Thomas 101 


Restor,  John 102 

Ressean,  John  B 16 

Kessigne,  R- 92-t 

Renben,  John 882 

Rew,  Fred.  A., 

313.  .120,  322,  924 
Reynolds,  Amos,  101,  822 
Reynolds,  C.  L--  477,  496 
Reynolds,  Emery-..  934 

Reynolds,  E.P 90 

Reynolds,  FredJ....  478 
Reynolds,  G    W. 

65.90.  101,  31.9,317,  .344 

354,   360.   363,  366,   367, 

408,  465.  907.  926 

Reynolds,  Mrs.  G.  W  116 

Reynolds,  G.  W.,  Jr.  101 

Reynolds,  J 1U7 

Reynolds,  Jeremiah  843 
Reynolds,   Madison.  328 

Reynolds,  M.  S 917 

Reynolds. R.  N 101 

Reynolds,  S.  C..472(/,  477 

Reynolds.  W.  R 477 

Rcznor,  Wm.  P..  437,  637 
Rbincbarger,  J.  V      103 

Rhodes,  C.  L 420 

Rhodes,  David 924 

Rhodes,  G.  W 374 

Rhoades,  E.  H 649 

Rboades,  Florence..  684 

Rhodes,  J 101 

Rice,  .A.mbrose..  8.52,926 


Rice,  A.  V -.  .3.53 

Rice,  Elijah....  891,  893 

Rice,  Gideon 870 

Rice,  L.  L 643 

Rice,  P.  H 388 

Rich,  Geo.  H, 

310,  .331,384,480,758 

Rich,  S   1> 640 

Richards,    Albert  E.  648 

Ricliards,  C 101 

Richards,  Charles...  915 

Richards,  E.  G 768 

Richards,  Henry  C.  104 
Richards,  R.  E. 

104,  118,  727 
Richards,  Wm..  103,  118 
Richards,  Mrs.  VV...  Ill 
Richards,  W.  li. 

103,  476,  483,  089 
Richarrls,  .Mrs.  W.  R.  117 
Richardson,  A.  D--.  268 
Richardson,  Ellas...  4:10 
Richardson,  Geo.  76,  .340 
Richardson,  G.  F  ...  96 
Richardson,  G.  11.96,476 
Richardson,  G.W...  925 
Richardson,  Isaac,6(iO,910 
Richardson,   Mark..  101 

Richardson,  N.  .\ 867 

Richardson,  T.  B....    96 
Richardson,  W.  M. 

:S28,  :131.  932 
Richardson,  W.  X. 

385,757,808,814 

Richie.  J.  J 8!I4 

Richmond,  Thos....  411 

liichter,  Julius 108 

Kickards,  Linila 723 

Ricketl-,  Josephus 

8.58,  860 

Rideout,   Isaac 100 

Hideout.  James 8.55 

Ridenour,  W.  T.  :i88,  425 
Rider,  John iW 


RIebel.I.ouls 

Rlehberg,  William. 

Kigby,  KM 

Hike*.  Hubbard  — 

Itilcy.  .lames 

Rilev.  .losiah, 
91."  100,  .345,  483,  040,  654 
H18 

Riley,  J.  W ;MI 

Rilev.  Wilshire...34:).  Il4(i 

RiUv,  Wm.  .M 486 

RiniiMI 99 

Kinaldl,   l'°<  rdlnand.  102 
Kiiiglikcr,  Henry  . 

RiplfV,  Curtis 

Ripley,  K.  C 

Rililev,  Stephen  

Rilchic.  It.  V 8.58 

Ritchie,  J.  J 102 

Ritchie,  J.  .M., 
lot-,  .351.  3.55,  360.361,  388 

Ritter,  Abrara 3T2 

Roach,  Alvin 103 

Roach   A.J 108 

Roach.  James 103 

Roach,  James,  J  r 103 

Roach,  Levi 103,  862 

Roach,  R.  C 802 

Roach,  R.  F 108 

Roach, S.  G 888 

lioach,S,  S 8BS 

Hohbins,  Charles....  1)18 
Rolibins,  L'nniel,  Jr., 

315,  ■■mi,  913 
Robbins,  Daniel, 

.315,  912,  914 
Robbins,  George.-.  913 

Robbins,  Rind 101 

Robbins,  Wm 913 

Itobcrls,  Aden  A 102 

Robirts,  liyron 100 

l{ul)crts,  Cnauncy...  653 

Roberts,  C.  E 100 

Roberts,  C.  R _  849 

Hobcrls,  F.  J 867 

Roberts,  Henry  H...  102 

Rohcrls,  Israel 96 

Roberts,  L.  H 100 

Roberts,  N.  II 98 

R.iberts,  Robert  A., 
101, 
Robertson,  Wm..l01, 

Roberts.  W.  F 

Robison.  David.  Jr. 

Robison,  .1.  P 

Robisou,  Lyman  .,. 

Robinson,  A.  R 

Robinson,  Cains  C. . 

Robinson,  Chas 

Robinson.  Geo 

Robinson,  Geo.  W 

Robinson,  James  G.  6.*4 

Robinson,  J.  P 842 

Robinson,  J.  S 415 

Robinson,  Moses 9:)2 

Robinson,  Noble 81 

Robinson,  W.  W 4,S2 

Roby,  C 71 

RobV    C.  C 41.3,455 

Rockwell,  Geo 429 

Rockwell,  J.  M 482 

Rockwood,  Israel...  870 

Rodd.  David 101 

Rod.l,  Samuel ICS 

Rodebangh,  (i.  W...  486 
Rodgcrs,  Gilbert, Jr. 

Rocmer,  J 

Roemer,  Jacob. ..485, 

Kocsbert.  H 

Roir,  (Jhas.  li., 

85,  96,  388,  482,  485,  089 
766 

RolT,  OrieM 648 

Roll,  Wm., 

85.  96,  116,  .351,476,  495 
766 

Roll;  Mrs.  Wm   116 

Rogers,  Alonzo, 

97,  106.  .3.53,  387,  814 

Rogers,  A.  II 820 

Rogers,  C.  C 689 

Rogers,  Delia 840 

Rogers,  Geo.K. 97, 111,  892 

Rogei-s.  Gilbert 819 

Rogers,  (iilbert,  Jr..    85 
Rogof-s,  .Mrs.  Hannah  820 

Rogers,  Harriet 881 

Rogers,  James 73-3 

Rogers,  Jedediah 458 

Rogers,  Marv  L 820 

Rogers,  Mrs.  Nellie..  252 
Rogers,  S 81B 


,  112 
107 
100 

.  a3i 

.'..  847 

,  768 

.  824 

40O 

.  ;i9i 

480 


85 
176 
771 
98 


948 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


Page. 
Rogers  Jk  Lyman  ...    485 

Rohrbossy,  M 104 

Rolland.  G.  H 477 

Rolph.  Joseph 103 

Romeis,  Jacob, 

201,360,363,  389,394 

Romeis,  J.  C 359 

Rood.  A.  E 476,  724 

Rood,  E.  A 7026 

Rood,  Gilbert  F 689 

Roonev,  T 97 

Roop,  Joseph. 321,  328,891 

Roop,  Svlvania 902 

Root,  John- 66 

Root,  Lvman.. 865 

Root,  Simon  T 91 

Ropel ,  Watson 99 


Roposs,  J 101 

Rorick,  J.  C 361 

Roscoe.  Levi 882 

Roshoug,  Lavina 693 

Roshong,  S.  B 112 

Ross,  Elbert  D 497 

Ross,  E.  L 485 

Ross,  E.  O _.    98 

Ross,  James  W— 346,  653 

Ross,  John &4 

Rossenet,  J.  C 66 

Rough,  Thomas .100 

Roulet,  F.  G 360 

Rouse,  B.  W. 

97,  116,  357,  386 

Rouse,  Lucius  C 934 

Rowan,  John 374 

Rowe,  Chas.  M 665 

Rowe,|John  P_ 664 

Rowe,  L.  E 846 

Eowo,  Mrs.  .Sarah 664 

Rowcn,  Edward 924 

Rowland,  T.  C  ..773,811 

Eowsey,  C.  A  ; 99.  351 

Rowsey,  Thos 86,  96 

Eoyce,  Chas.  H. 477 

Royee,  Elijah 315 

Royes,  Albert  _ 353 

Roys,  Erastns 769 

Eoys,  Enistus  &  Co..  481 

Kuchel,  Philip 107 

Rudd,  H  ___ 482 

Rudolph,  Chris 101 

Rudolph.  Robert 486 

Rudulph.  J.  R 661 

Rudulph,  T.  K 661 

Ruggles,  Daniel  W. .  485 

Ruggle^,  Levi 99 

Rumney, Richardson 

&  Co 924 

Eumsey,  Alfred.. 878,  879 

Rumsey,  Lewis 879 

Eumsey,  Philo 482 

Rundall,  C.  S.  A 482 

Eundell,  W.  .\ 477 

Runyon,  W.  L 924 

Rupel,  Tarylaze  M.B  103 

Euppel,  Conrad 96 

Russell,  James. ..388,  389 

Russell,  John 348 

Russell,  J.  B 100 

Russell,  George 882 

Russell,  Thomas, 

104,  107,  882,  907 
Russell,  R.  F. 

100.  479,  689,  797 

Russell,  Samuel 861 

Russell,  Susan  A 693 

Russell,  Warren..  89,  346 

Ruther,  Benj 99 

Rutherford.  A 97 

Rutherford,  A.  H 98 

Eutter.  Emil 817 

Ryan,  Charle.s 103 

Ryan,  G.  H joo 

Ryan,  John, 
357,  362,  366,  367,  917,918 

Ryan,  O.  W 9Is 

Ryan,  Wm 100 

Rycrott,  .ilice  D 503 

Ryder,  B   G.  H 103 

Ryder,  C.  H. 

338,  341,  480,  693 
R.vder,  John 911,  99 

^ABIN,  Thomas, 
O                   879,  881,  882 
.Sabin.  C'apt.  Wm...    448 
Saokett.  G.   A gag 

Sackett.  J.  G 340,  342 

Sage,  Dennis.  875,877,878, 

Sage,  Mrs.  Sarah 879 

Sage,  T.  W 875,879 

Salisbury,  Solomon 

„  ,.  .  „        849;  878 

Salisbury,  Warner..  102 


Page. 

Sallis,  John 486 

Salmon,  Cross 913 

Salshury,  Russell 856 

Salsburv,  Samuel 878 

Saltonstall,  D.  G. 

97,  474,  496 

Sampson,  H.  S 485 

Sampson.  S.  C...  98,  483 
Samseu,  Henry  M...    96 

Sander,  Jacob _  102 

Sanders,   Plinv 867 

Sanderson,  A.  D.  866.  8'i7 
Sanderson,  David...  865 
Sanderson,  Douglass  805 
Sanderson,  Henry...  867 
Sanderson,  Jonathan  865 

Sanderson,  M.  P 104 

Sanderson,  Pliny...  .340 
Sanderson.  Wm        .  865 

Sanfleet,  J.  V 773 

Sanford,  C.  M 98 

Sanson,  Nicholas...    26 

Santonr,  Francis 65 

Saiber,  Thomas 99 

•Sargent.  Edward  P..  914 

Sargent,  H.  L 97 

Sargent,  John 76 

Sargent,  J.  H. 

408,  924,  925,  928 
Sargent.  S.  A. 

328.  870,  924,  925,  928,  932 
Sargent,  S.  A.  &  J.  H  440 
Saulsbury.  Solomon  315 
Saulspaugh.  Daniel.  913 
Sawyer,  C.  H...  359,  389 

Sawyer,   Ed 361 

Sawver,  Stephen .337 

Sawyer,  Theo.  86,  161,  262 

Sawver.  Thos 86 

Sawyer,  R 104 

Sawyer,  Wm 841,  343 

Saxon,  Henry 891 

Saxton.   Horace 386 

Saxton,  John 642 

Saxton,  Joshua 643 

.Saxton,  W.  S 916 

Sayler,  Matthew 100 

Sazenby,  A 97 

Seeazan,  W _.    96 

Sehad,  Fred 96 

SchafTer,   Ludwig...  882 

Sehaffer,   .S.  D _  484 

Sehaning,  Just  F...  484 
Sehansenbach,  A...  100 
Sehansenbaeh,  Wm.  30 
Scheets,  George, 

263,  388,391,765 

Scheigeiser,  Fred 98 

Schenck,  C.  C 386,  689 

Schenck,  R.  C 447 

Schenck,  S.  C.  389,437,797 
Schenck,   Wm..  326,  .328 


Page. 

Scott,  Chester 881,  883 

Scott,  C.  A 101 

Scott,  Chas.  B., 

89,  90, 100,  677 
Scott.  Chas.  I.. 

85. 338,  343,  345,  639,  881 
Scott,  D.  B., 

.360,  667,  924,  925 
Scott,  Mrs.  D.  B  .  116 
Scott,  Mrs.  E.  J...  723 
Seott,  Frank  J.. 

85,  93,  96,  387,  391,  651 
830,  907 

Seott,  Mrs.  F,  J 116 

Scott,  Geo.  W., 

367.  413,  917,  924 

Scott.  Harriet 667 

Scott.  Isaiah 483 

Scott,  Joel 881 

Seott.  John... 267 

Scott,  Joseph.. 867 

Scotr.  J.  .\uslin, 
96,  106,  110,  315,  ;350,  6.37 
669,  672,  711,  924 
Scott,  Mrs.  J.  Austin  116 

Seott,  Julias 677 

Seott,  Jessup  W., 
109,314,  315,  342,  .391,  413 
429.463.482,637,650,  663 
666 
Seott,  Jessup  W.,  2d, 

677,  690 
Scott,  Maurice  A., 
391,415,436,651,677,689 


Scott.  Mary  J 693 

Scott,  May  Elizabeth  677 

Scott.  Marion  L 682 

Scott,  N.  C 894 

Seott,  Persis 881 

Scott,  Peter 98 

Scott.  Philo  B., 

313,315,  334, 881,  882,  883 
917 

Scott,  Mrs.  R.  A 119 

Scott,  Rufus 881 

.Scott.  E.  C "881 

Scott,  R.  K...  90,  99,  788 
Scott,  Samuel  B., 

93,  .331,  3.S6,  401,413,  455 
475,682,757,  808 
388 


Schenck,   W.  C 370 

Schiller,  Frtd 100 

Schilling,  Conrad...  .388 

Schipper,   G.  M .323 

Scirman.  Wm 101 

Schlatter.  Melchior.  882 
Schlingman.  H.  A...  SJO 
Schmelzfennig,  C.  H.    96 

Schmidt,  Fred _  486 

Schmidt,   Henry 917 

Schmidt,  Phillip 497 

Sehmitz.  Nicholas..  873 

Sehmocker,  F.  A 689 

Schneider,  Geo.. .649,  905 
Schnetzler.  Marcus..  353 
Schoenacker,  Michael, 
368 

Sehon,  Carl 389,  811 

Schoolcraft,  H.  E 69 

Schomburg,  E.  L..  .  496 
Schoultz.   von  Shol- 

teusky ...79,  80 

Schrader,  Wm 90 

Schraffenbergi  r,  Daniel, 
82 

Schrempf.  C.  W 486 

Schrooder,  C.  H 479 

Sehroeter,  O .389,  768 

Schuck.  J.  M 905 

Sehuerman,  J.  F 816 

Sehultz,  J.  E 390 

Sehuuiaker,  John...  368 
Schwartz,  Christian.  .320 

Schwartz,  Henrv 100 

Schwartz,  John 932 

Seolield,  J.  H 102 

Seolton.  John _  924 

Scott.  Albert  E 89,  682 

Scott,  Amelia 693 

Scott,  A.  W 417,  733 

Scott,  Charles 86 


.33 

111,113,  .881 

Jr 881 

693 


Scott,  S.  P. 
.Scott,  W.... 
.Scott,  Wm.. 
Scott,  W.  A., 
90,  107,  108 
Scott,  W.  A., 
Scott,  Wm.  C....482, 
Scott.  Wm.  H., 

389,391,422.496.  651,7.31 

.Scribuer,  C,  H 891 

Scribner,  Ed.  51 648 

Seribner.  Harvev 391 

Seaman,  I.  K...".  387.  427 

Seagrave,  A.  R 423 

.Seagrave,  F.  E 42;3 

Seaman,  Robert...  .  427 

Search,  A.  W.. 640 

.Searing,  Samuel, 

313  319,445,924 
Sechsler,  .Augustus..    98 

Secor,  A.  !■' 758 

Secor,  George 758 

Secor,  James, 

85,  100,  224,  478,  485,496, 

768 

Secor,  Mrs.  James...  831 

Secor,  J.  K. 

85.  388,  476,  485,  494,758, 

808,  8:^1 

Secor,  Thomas 903 

Secor.  Mrs.  Thomas    118 

Seek.  L.  J 97,  .390 

Seeley,  AndrcwJ 349 

.Seely,  Wm ij92 

Seft'ert.  Jacob 934 

Segur,  Dan, 
82,  85,  337,  3.39,  342,  .366. 
385,391,4(^0,670,68.5,688, 
814,  818 

Segur,  Erick  M 320 

Segur,  Mrs.  Rosa  L. 

.359,  731,  7.32 

Seiter,  Joseph 484 

Seitz.  John 361 

Sekwest,  Frank 98 

Selkirk,  George  O  ...  653 

Seiner.  R    &  Co 641 

Semans,  John  B 641 

.Septom.  Minor 881 

Sergeant.  E.  D 913 

Severance,  J.  A 474 

Sevin,  C.  H 96 


Page. 
883     Seward,  Mrs.  Carrie  W 
653 
Sexton,  Miss  Abbie.  176 

Se-xton,  O.,  Jr 91 

Seyler,  Matthias  ..98,  485 

Seymour.  Ira 876 

Seymour,  Sophia  ...  876 

Shaeppel.  Robert 102 

Shafler,  Jlrs.  John  ..  880 
Shafter,  Matthias  ...  486 

Shaffer,  Morgan .359 

Shaffer,  Wm 64,66 

Shaler,  Charles 301 

Shamburger,  D.  W..  107 
.Shannon,  J.  .i  ....3.52.  915 

Shannon,  Wilson 340 

Shapine,  George 66 

Shattock,  Nelson  E..  102 

Shattuck,  I.  n 476 

Shaw,  Clarissa 720 

Shaw,  C.  D 666,667 

Shaw.  C.  G. 
340,  366,   368.   E85,   665, 

Shaw,  D.  C 391 

Shaw,  E.  C 

224,  497,  690,  768 

Shaw,  James.. 360 

Shaw,  Peter  H. 
315,   340,  351,   385,   393, 
43",  668.  792,  814 

Shaw,  Richard 913 

.Shaw  A  Kella 480 

Shay,  John 99 

Sheam .  Jonah 66 

Shear,  A 21 

Sheehy.  Roger 48,  389 

Shehan,  Dennis 389 

Sheffield.  Wm ,340,  360 

Shelby,  Isaac 60 

Shelder,  Eli 913 

Sheldon,  H.  O 670.  841 

Sheldon,  Tfmothy...    96 

Shelley,  E.P 98 

Shelby,  S.  V 788 

Shepard,  James 826 

Shepard,  J.  D  __  401,  481 
Shepard,  J.  F.  77,  360,  925 
Sheplar,    Abraham 

315,  445,  881,  882 

Shepler,  John 883 

Sherman,    H.  B 819 

Sherman,  John..  15.345 
Sherman.W.  T.  li,  15,  223 

Sherwood,  J.  C 882 

Sherwood.  I.  R. 
90,  94,  199.  224,  347,  359. 
371,  432,  640,  641,  689 
Sherwood.  Mrs.  K.  B. 

226,  251.261,  041,  650 
.Sherwood,  W.  W.  96,485 

Sheridan,  P.  H 233 

.Shester,  A.  A 883 

Shields,  Henry 102 

Shields,  Michael 315 

Shields.  Patrick 861 

Shipman,   George...    9,t 

Shipman,  E.  A 436 

Shipperd,  J.J  423 

Shipperd.  Theo.  F..  423 
Shoemaker,  Chas. 

.359,  916 
Shoemaker,  Chas.  W. 

366,  916 

Shoemaker,  Fred.  B. 

90,   110,  324,    389,    477, 

495,  773 

Stioemaker.  John...  107 

Shoemaker.Miss  Kate  116 


Sibley,  Samuel 480 

Sibley,    Wm....  319.  899 


Shoemaker,  Matthew 
85,89.94,  110,  111,  387. 
476,  495,  773 
Shoemaker,  Matt.  Jr.  478 
Shoemaker,  M.  V...  916 
Shoemaker,  R.  M. 

457  495 
Shoemaker,  Thos.  .348,913 
Sholes,  Reuben  H..      97 

Shonaoker,  M._ 3.J.3 

Short,  Theophilus..  328 

Showier,  James 905 

Showier.  John,.  102,  892 
Shrader,  Wm 90 


Sickles,  P.  E __.  4-30 

Siebert,  Fred 486 

Sidley,  Chas 484 

Silliman,  Wyillis 637 

Silvers,  Isaac 877,  924 

Simpson,  G 374 

Sinclair,  Ann 694 

Sinclair,  Charles 130 

Sinclair,  John, 
85,  96.  110.  351,  .354,  387, 
476,  480.  4.83.  485,  684,  689 
Sinclair,  Mrs.  John. 

^.     ,  116.  119 

Sinclair,    Joseph 935 

Sinclair,  Samuel 694 

Singer,  G gs 

Singer,  Mary  E.  916,  920 
Sissou,  Miss  Fanny..  116 
.Site,  Sebastian..."...  873 
Sizer,  Miss  Louise..  7.34 
Sizer,  Wm.  S.  82,  483,  816 
Skidmore,  L.  M. 

98,  388,  476 
Skidmore.   E.  I. 

100,  357,  689,  787 

Skilton,  A.  S 224 

Skinner,  Alan.son 689. 

Skinner,  E.  E..30.  85, 165 

Skinner,  George 94 

Skoen,  James  W 81 

Sladden,  Frank...       99 

Slade,  A.  T... 189 

Sleath,  John 81 

Slevin,  Josephine  W. 

693,  813 
Slevin,  P.  S... 90,  226,  484 

Slevin.  Mrs.  P.  S 722 

Sloan,  Sidney  C 671 

Slop,  .lohn 98 

Sluts,  Jerry. __ 882 

Sly,  Mrs.  Marv 117 

Smead,  Benj.  F 641 

Smead,  I.  D 790 

Smiley,  E.  B 648 

Smiley,  F.  .M 99 

Smiley,  Samuel 97 

Smith,  A _  101 

.Smith,  Alonzo...  100,486 

Smith,  A.  H 98 

Smith,  B 102 

Smith,  Barton..  358,  -391 

Smith,  C._ 42 

Smith,  Calvin.315,383,881 

Smith.  Charles 81 

Smith,  Crawford 103 

Smith,  David, 

97,  103.  110,338,351,389, 

476,  486.  605,  772,  797 

Smith. Mrs.  David,  116,252 

Smith,  D.  B. 

82,93,96,106,110,384,441, 

471.    472«,  474,    688,  781 

Smith,  Mrs.  D.  B 831 

Smith,  Ephraim 81 

Smith,  E.  A 97 

Smith,  Ed.  C. 

10.  8.5,  111,  3.50,  367 

Smith,  Mrs.  E.  M 116 

Smith,  E.  N. 

118,899,903,908 
Smith,Miss  Florence  606 

Smith,  Francis 864 

Smith,  Frank  J 97 

Smith,  George  B 648 

.Smith, Hiram.328,891,  892 
Smith,  Hiram  U 326 


Smith,  Howard  M...  606 

Smith,  Huldah 902 

Smith,  H  H 328 

Smith,  H.  M 773 

Smith,  H.  T. 

85,  92,  341,  037,  641 

.Smith,  II.  W 98 

Smith,  Mrs.  H.  W...  722 

Smith,  Ira 818 

Smith,  I.  C. 480,  892 

Smith,  Isaac  S...  373,  405 

.Smith,  J 100 

.Smith,  Jacob  ...  103,  905 
Smith,  John 9, 101 


Shuck,  .J.  P .3.57    Smith,  Jona 361,479 

ShuU.  John 98,  WO    Smith,  J.  Dana.97,463,681 


i 


Shnltz.  Mendall 101 

Shnmaker,  JI 341 

Shurtz,  Andrew 
97,   343.   354,     387,    485, 
684,  689,  816,  8-37 

Sibley.  C.   H.  W 483 

Sibley,  Emma  D 253 

Sibley,  M.  K 694 

Sibley,  Eebecca .320 


■Smith,  Joseph...  102,  864 

Smith.  J.  F... 76.933 

Smith,  James  L. 

97,  350.  352,354,360,486,830 

Smith,  James  M 420 

Smith,  J.  P 100 

Smith,  J.  R 867 

Smith,  J.  W.83,  90,260,470 
Smith,  L 100 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


949 


Page. 

Smith,  L.  H —  -  803 

Smith,  L.  P. .100, 103,  260 

Smith,  MaryS 693 

Smith,  Milo 102 

Smith,  Milton 089 

Smith,  Nancv 893 

Smith,  Hov.  N.S.—  331 

Smith,  Orin 101 

Smith,  Owen 934 

Smith,  O.  C 97,688 

Smith,  P-98,  342,  474,  898 

Smith,  Richard 6oO 

Smith,  Robert 893 

Smith,  Robert  W., 

8S,  96,  78fl 

Smith,  Salome 867 

Smith,  Mrs.  Sarah  H.  694 

Smith,  S.  S 916 

Smith,  Thomas.  .350,  643 
Smith,  Thomas  B., 

98,  .327,  350,  480 
Smith,  Willard  -337,  4S0 
Smith,  William. .101,  .322 
Smith,  Wm.  H., 

388,  476,  494,  689 
Smith,  Wm.  H.  H., 
.SB,  353,  478,  690,  772,  773 

Smith,  Wm.  L 327 

Smith,  Wm.  N 914 

Smith,  Wm.  T 913 

Smith,  Zebina 867 

Smith,    Chamberlin 

4.  Co  446 

Smith  &  Co 925 

Smith  &  Crowell 925 

Smith  &  Hazard 465 

Smith  it  M.acy 403 

Smith  &•  Na'ih 48:i 

Smith,  W.H.H.  &Co.  368 

Smyth,  Anson 720 

Snell,  Levi. 

82,  66,  360,  688.  771 

Snell.  W.  H.. 224 

Snell  &  Cornell 480 

Snetzler,  Marcus -366 

Snodgrass,  S.  M 344 

Snow,  B.  F —  337 

Snow,  James.- 96 

Snow,  James  F 100 

Snvder,  David  S 891 

Snyder,  Geo .-  486 

Snyder,  John 913 

Snvder,  .T,W  &  Co..  4S0 
Snvder,  Sherwood  ..  892 

Snvder,  Wm..V 98 

Sonlier,  John 103 

Soper,  Charles  H 97 

Sonth,  Benjamin  ...  891 
Southworth,  E.  L., 

478..  730.  905 
Southard,James,319,  905 
Southard,  Jane, 

367,  693,  720 

Southard,  J.  H .363 

Southard,  J.  T.97.112,365 
Southard,  Samuel. 97,322 
Southard,  Sarah  G..  720 
.Southard,  Thos., 

,89,  98  319,  486,  685 
Southard.  Thos.  J...  478 

Soutliard,  W.  H 907 

Spafford,  .\mos 663 

SpafTord,  .\urora, 

.3.34,  371,  663 

SnafTord,    B.. 69.3,821 

Spatford,  James  M., 

445,  821 
Spafford,  Samuel, 

660,  729,  873 
Spafford,     Lawrence 

&Co 446 

Spahn,  Henry -    98 

Spain,  J.  H 390 

Spangler,  Jacob 

101,  930.  924.  926 
Spangle,  Hospnna...  924 

Spaulding,  A 368 

Spaiilding,  Geo 91 

Spaulding,S 926 

Spaulding,  Volney, 

329,  400 

Spear,  C.H 99 

Spear,  IraH....  649,689 
Spear,  Johnson  &  Co.  649 

Speas,  Wm 484 

Specks,  John 98 

Speed.  J.  J.,  Jr 4.32 

Spencer,  C.  L.. 4.8:) 

Spencer.  E.  S. 420 

Spencer,  Geo. 

85,99,471,781 
Spencer,  Joseph  M. 

477,  495 


Page. 

.Spencer,  John 338 

Spencer,  Rev.  Uriel 

321.  .3.38,  .366 
Spencer*  Moore.  924,  925 
Sperling,  Charles  S..  891 

Spever,  J.  A 98 

Spicer,  G.  B 480,  788 

Spiccr,  J.   C 917 

Spielbush,  Henry 

361,  389,  817 
Spink,  J.  C. 

3:!3,  408.  4,38,  843.  844 

Spink,  Shibnah 440 

Spitzer.  .'V.  L 497 

Spitzer,  CM 497 

Spitzer  &  Co 497 

Spragne,  Chas 612 

Sprague,   Chas.  D...  IIM 

Sprague,  C.  O 867 

Sprague,  E.  P fi89 

Sprague  H.  C 773 

Sprague,  John  W...  aoii 

Sprague,  Maria 867 

Sprague,  S.  S., 

340.  344,  346,  386 
Springer,  Stephen  J. 

344,  346,  366,  380 
Springsted,  David.—  Iffi 

Spruss,  .\ 99 

Squire,   Abiram  H..  934 

Squire,  Joab 387 

St.  John,    D.  B 403 

St.  .lohn.    K.  () 649 

St.  John,  Wm..  .388,  423 
.St.     John    Printing 

House 649 

Stabler,   M..  99 

Stacy,  NobleC 97 

Stair,  Wm 314,  32;J 

Stallis,  John 96 

Stamant.  Napoleon.  773 

Stamp,  W.  K. 867 

Stanberry,  Henry...    15 

Stanberry,  Jos 348 

Standiff,   C- 100 

Standart,  Chas. 471 

Strandart,  Mrs.  Geo.  H. 
668 

.Standart,  H.  D 387 

Standart,  H.  G 1189 

.Standart.  S.   H 733 

Standart,  W.  E 360 

Stanford.   Henry 348 

Stanton,  Benj 15 

Stanton,  Mrs.  E.  C. 

498,  731 
Starkweather,  H....  101 
Starr,  Chas.  C...  86,  107 

Starr,  R 407 

Starr,  Rowland 733 

St.  Clair,  Arth\irll,14,  49 
St.  Clair,  Wm...  315,934 
Stebbins.A.T.  389,641,  869 
Stebbius,  A.  V. 

85,  98,  345,  429,  662 
Stebbins,  Mrs.  A.  v..  389 
Stebbius,  Charles...  934 
Stebbins,  Chas.  M...  432 

Stebbins,  D.  R 443 

Stebbins,  George.  98,  485 
Stebbins,  Henry  S—  422 

Stebbins,  J.  N 326 

Stebbins,  Mrs.  L....  917 
Stebbins,  Mrs.  M....  731 
Stebbius,  Rial..  913,914 

Stebbins,  S 361 

.Stebbins,  Wolcolt.—  328 
Steedman,  J.  B. 

15,85,  86,    87,  220,   254, 

272,  338,  .340,  :M:i,345,350, 

358,  359,  446,  448,  683,914 

Steedman,  S.  H..348,  446 

Steele.  A 86 

Steele,  .\nua 848 

Steele,  Dcnison, 

:)45,   .365,   386.   476,   811, 
813,  i)25,  932 
Steele,  Mrs.  Denison.  831 
Steele,  Hiram, 

320,  445,  719,  924 

Steele,  II.  K. 331 

Steele,  Hiram  R..491,  924 

Steele,  J.  M 69 

Sti'ele,  Wm 476 

stciwig,  Samtiel 924 

Steiner,  J.  J 90 

Steiner,  John  L 90 

Slellings,  Edward...    90 

Stem,  Leander 90 

Stephan,  Andrew, 
93,  100,  106,348,  35t,;»7, 
47B,  813 
.Stephenson,  B.  F...-  234 


Page. 

Stephenson,  Ocorse.  307 
Sterling,  Seneca  E  ..  345 

Stern,  r,e!iuder 90 

Stetter.  George 388 

Stettiner,  Sam X>9 

Stevens,  Benj.  A.47!l,  787 
Stevens,  Charles  I.. . .  483 
Stevens,  Charles  N. 

89,  90,  108 
Stevens,  Fred.  H....  4;)2 

Stevens,  Gilbert 916 

Stevens,  H.  K .387 

Stevens,  Mrs. Harriet 

N 694 

Stevens,  John.. 83,  95,476 
.Stevens,  J.N.-.  99,485 
Stevens,  Mrs.  J.  N...  831 
Steven-s.  Oliver, 
331.  393,  667,  670.  696, 
772,  854.  855,  857 
Stevens,  Oliver  P..32J,  480 
Stevi'ns,  Nichols  .iCo  486 
Stevenson,  Math.  D  .  486 

Stewart,  E.  E 90.  389 

Stewart,  G.  T. 

.       638,  1)40.  651,6,54 

■Stewart,  N.  M 843 

Stewart,  Robert 407 

Stewart,  Thos.  C. 

85,  96,  109,  .349,  .385 

Stickney,  B.  F. 

31,  32,  328.  :M0,  344,  353, 

660,  661,  899,  901 

Sticknev,  Two...  3CM,  331 

Stile.>i.  .lames  M 102 

Stiles,  ilieliard 320 

Stillwell,  Elisha 905 

Stillman,  II.  B 310 

Stine,  D.  L 810 

Stine.  John tV4 

Stock,  Edward  J. 477,  478 

Stocking,/.  S 482 

Stoddard,  L.  P 81 

Stollyer,  Jacob 101 

Stoker,  John 917 

Stone,  .^masa,  Jr  ...  402 

Stone,  E.  M 844 

Stone,  Jesse 843 

Stone,  Walter  F 515 

Stone,  W.  H 470 

Stoors,  E.  A 480 

Stough,  Solomon  ...  690 

Stover.  Michael 878 

Stow,  Dwight  F. 

328,481,680,  891 

Stow,  T.  A 6,50 

Stowe,  Amos-. 320, 323..326 

Stowe,  Oscar 103 

Stowe,  R -  ...  100 

Stowe,  R.  W.... 668 

Stowell,  H.  C... 315 

Stowell.  Mrs.  Mary..  664 

Straight,  Charles 892 

.Straight,  J.  V 97,  344 

Strait,  J.  B 348 

Stratton,  Alonzo.lOO.  353 
Stratton,  .\lphonso..  100 
Stratton,  .1.  L., 

356,  366,  387,  689 

Strayer,  Benry. 102 

Strayer,  John, 

848,  849,  877.  878,  924 

Strayer,  Martin 1(V4 

Strayer.  Michael 934 

StraVer,  Peter. 

320,  322,  924 

Straver,  Peter,  Jr 322 

Straver,  Mrs.  Peter  . .  932 
Strayer,  Mrs.  P.  S...  .848 

Streator,  A.  A 883 

Street,  Isaac-480,  850,  905 

Strevor,  .Varon 81 

Strohl,  John 917 

Strong,  F- 90 

Strong,  Finley 90 

Strong,  James  R., 

85,  97,  112,  475 

Strong,  T.  C 68il 

Strong.  W.  E 244 

Strowd,  l>.W 42;l 

Struthers,Johu 12 

Strykei,  Henry -'iXS 

Stryker,  John 407 

Sturgoon,  D.  B.-.S+l,  :«9 

Sturgeon,  Elisha W 

Stutz,.lacob 486,  771 

.Stutts,  .Jeremiah 881 

Stutts.  Levi 107 

Sulgrave,  T>.  R 6.50 

Sullivan,  Daniel 905 

Sullivan,  F.J 3.53 

Sullivan,  James 99 

Sullivan,  John 389 


Page. 

SnlHvftn,.TohnO »fl 

Sullivan,  ThonuLS...  103 

Sullivan,  Uriah 913 

Suinners,  Benj :J4l 

Sntphen.C.  V »<> 

Sutphen,  J.  V.  D., 

667,  900,  901 

Suydam,  Bishop 320 

Suydam,  F.  I> '.KXl 

Suydam,  Robert 906 

Suvdam,  Mrs.  S.  M..  722 

Swagor,W.y 97 

Swain, C.H — .    85 

Swan,  (ieorge  M 643 

Swnnton,  -M 98 

Swayno,Mrs.Uclen  E.  .500 

Swayne,  Henry  S 787 

SwaVue,  Noah  H.. 

15,  300,  310,  490 
Swayne,  Noah  If.,  Jr  , 

361,  787 
Swavne,  Wager, 

15,  162,  224,  359,  389,  423 
496 

Swartz.  Christian 924 

Swartz,  .lohu 924 

Sweet,  K.G ;)89,390 

Sw.et,  M.  G 668 

Swill,  A 485 

Swift.  Albert 326 

Swift,  Chas.  J. .86,  89,  90 
Swift,  Daniel, 

338,  343,  :)85,  679,  693 

Swift,  Mrs.  J,  A 484 

Swift,  Julia  II 9:)4 

Swift,  William 104 

Swignrt,  J.  .1 78i; 

Swigart,  J.  R., 

244,3.3.5,  355,  125.  429,  485 

724,  T97,  812,  813 

Swords.  Edwards  J..  694 

Sykcs,  M.  L.,  Jr. .408,  419 

.Svinonds,  L.  B 99 

Sypher,  Fred 103 


TABER,  J.  F 117 
Tafl,  Alnhonso,  6.53 

Taft,  Isaac...". 102 

Tait,  George 783 

Talba.  James 104 

Talbert,John  WJ 

Talbot,  Geo.  W 102 

Talbot,    Robert 322 

Talcott.    Andrew 420 

Talcott.  Robert 348 

Tanke,  J.  L 486 

Tanke.L 98 

Tanke,  Theo 98 

Tanner,  Geo.  98,  111,  .361 
Tanner,  Mrs.  Geo..  119 
Tanner,  G.  A.  &  Co..  649 
Tanner,  Jacob..  388,  481 

Tanner.  Samuel 99 

Tappan,  J.  H 99 

Tappan,  (iuinbyT..  99 
Tippan,  ().  T.  &  J.  U  485 

Tappan,  W   R 811 

Tarbox,  Chas.  S. 

96,  476,  489 
Tarbox,  Ralph  98,  :M9.386 
Tarbox,  Mrs.  Ralph.  723 

Tate,  .1.  L 477 

Taveruor,  Wm  .  321,  905 

Taylor,  Alfred 483 

Taylor.  D.  B 76 

Taylor.  Kev.  Geo 94 

Tavlor,  II.  Burton.  89,98 

Tavlor,  II.  C... 7&5 

Taylor,  Henry  U....  353 

Tavlor,  James 94 

Tavlor,  J  no. 

313,  .332,  3J7,  878 

Tavlor,   J.  B 893 

Taylor,  Milton 

322,  360,  .361,  :J89,  803 
Tavlor,   Mrs.  Milton 

261,  2.i3 

Tavlor,   Robert 883 

Tavlor,   Robert  W...  104 
Tavlor,  S.  F.  346,  3.50,  46:! 

Tavlor,  T.  A 477,810 

Taylor,  T.  W 102 

Tavlor,  Wm. 
9(1.  1(«,  :t32,  344,  346,  3.5.3, 
:!66,870,  872,883,  891 

Tavlor.  Mrs.  Wm HO 

Taylor,  Wm.  B 785 

Tavlor,  Mrs.  Wm.  B.  &31 

Tavlor,  W.  F.  P :J73 

Taylor,  Wm.  II.  102,  111 

Tavlor,  Zachary 342 

Tuiincy,  Charles.-.  905 


Tecnmseh,  (Chief). ..T*M 
TeniMRi,(teo.  W.  485,  817 

I'emple,  Thos 3«1 

lempleton,  J.  G 785 

I'ene,  Charles 100 

Ten  Evek,  Anihony.  492 
Ten  Eyck,  Mrs.  C...  118 
Ten  Evek.  Mrs.  S....  118 
Tenney,  J.  A . . . .  .360.  361 

Tenney.  John  E 4.% 

Terry,  T.    B S02 

Thaeher.  Horace 
61,  85.  :i20,  :i:iS,  JM5.  360, 
:i66,  :)«6,  7.57,  901, '.K15 

Thaeher,   I..  O ;«7 

Thaeher  A  Whitney.  1H).'> 

Thatcher.  II    A 689 

Thatcher,  II.  C 888 

Thatcher,  Lewis  C...  100 
Thayer,  L.  T. 
388,  413,  47tl,  481,  48.5, 
693,  730,  797,  818.  821 
Thaver,  Mrs.  L.  T...  821 
Thonias,  .\ugustus, 

85,  94,  106,  :«S1,  387,  470 

'thomas,  C 99 

Thomas,  D 385 

Thomas,  E 97 

Thomas,  E.  A 85,100 

Thomas.  Geo.  II 215 

Thomas,  Mrs.Uarriet 

B - 481 

Thomas,  Hiram  ..^..  905 

Thomas,  J 89 

Thonnis,  James 061 

Thomas,  Joseph 85 

Thomas.  J.  B....  .388,  389 
Thomas,  I,«vi....'.K"5,  9<I7 
Thomas,  -Miss  Marie,  116 
Thomas  A  O'llara  ..  48.5 
Thonnvs  ,v  Schwartz.  181 
Thonnis  .V;  Tllonias429,488 

Thonias,  S.  II 101 

Thomas,  Zalmon —  :)(X) 
ThonuLson,  Wm.  T..  485 
Thompson,  .Mrs.  A  ..  846 
Thompson,  A.  W.-.    99 

Thompson,  C 9S 

Thompson, Mrs.  Eliza  880 
Thompson,  Herman.  80 
Thonipso;i,Jabcz.48ii.  9:)4 

Tliompson,  .1.  A 99 

Thompson,  J.  M 102 

Thompson. . I.  W 163 

Thompson,  Matilda.  69S 
Thoniiison,  R.  C. 

97.  :).50.  :»5,  3.57,  899,  9S3 
Thompson.  Sheldon.  933 

Thorne,  F.  S 47ft 

Thorn,  S.  S. 

91.  97.  108,.357,:Mil,479, 

690 

Thorn,  Wm.  B.99,486,6s9 

Thorndike,  H 861 

Thorndike.  II.  L :J61 

■I'horner,  Henry. 

485    48(i.  771 
Thorner.  II.  .V  Co—  485 

Thornloe,  Joseph 693 

Thornloe,  Thomas  ..    97 

Thorp,  A    11 418 

Thorp.  John 99,  :»:i 

Thorp,  -Moses 913 

Thorpe,  R.  T 477 

Thorion,  K.  R 8!r2 

Thrasher,  James  —  315 

Thurman,  A.  G 354 

Thurston,  s.  H '.120 

Tlernan,  .lohn 482 

Tiernan  Thomas.  120,:H7 

TiHin.  Mward 11 

TiL'ges,  F.  It 485 

Tilburv,  George 100 

Tilden,  Belli.  I) 488 

Tilden,M.  fl. 
81,  314,  :i27.  :«7.  S.10.342, 
:W5.  4I«,  417,  1*1,  069 
TiI.kMi,M.  II.  A  Co  ..043 

Tilden  .V  Hill 481 

Tilden  A  Dshorn 481 

Tilford,  J.  M <i50 

Tillman,  Frank 301 

Tillman,  Mrs.Uarriet  093 

Tillman.  Thos 480 

Tillman,  William  ...  808 

Tillolson.  C.  <) 90 

Tininicrs.  John  J 019 

Tinklmm.  II.C 3S9 

Tippell,  E.  .1  Wl 

Tipton,  Luke.... -344.  917 

Tipton,  Wm 917 

Tisdel,  W.  C 96 

TitHWorlb,  Jo6Cph328,891 


950 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


Page. 

Titus,  Henrv  W no 

Titus,  Israel 693 

Titus,  Johu 350 

Titus,  J.  A.83,385,  693,808 
Titus.  E.  W. 
85,  9T,  334.  385,  49  i.  670, 
689,  808 
Titus,  Walter.. -.808,  814 
Titus,  Walter,  Jr  ....  814 
Titus,  W.  A. ...85,  98,360 

Tluesfel,  J.  C 100 

Todd,  Charles 64 

Todd,  David 11,  .350 

Todd,  E.  B 481 

Todd,  Harvey 401 

Tolburt,  B,  F... 434 

Toledo  Bee  Compauv  641 

Tolerton,  E.  W "  497 

Tollman.John.  107,390,817 


Tollman,  Joseph 96 

Tompkins,  E.. 866 

Tompkins,  T 102 

Tonergon,  Thomas..  101 

Tooker,T.  D 486 

Toplitt;  Silas 100 

Torber.  George 96 

Torrence,  J.  F 414 

Totten,  H.  J 96 

Toullerton.  John  W., 

97,  359,  .366,  388 
Tourtellotte,fTL-o.R.82,  97 

Towie,  W.H 96 

Townsend,  ChiDrles..  933 

Townsend.  Thos 3i8 

Townsend,  Wm..450,  463 

Townsend,  W.  A_ 477 

Townsend,  W.  IT 3i8 

Tracy,  F.  E 786 

Tracy,  Henry 389 

Trapp,  Aaron 818,  849 

Trapp,  Andrew  ..328,  944 

Trapp,  Elias .363,  850 

Trapp,  John, 

3-28,  848,  849,  954 

Trask,  Henry .337 

Trask,  Martha 855 

Treadwav,  Keuben     102 
Treat,  Oeo.  D., 

315,  3.50,  366,  835,1856 

Treat  &  Brown 482 

Tredwell,  Miss  Maggie, 

116 
Tredwell,  Timothy, 

100,  341,  386,  689 
Treraaine,  Calvin,7.57,901 
Trembley,  J.  B., 

20,  85,  100,  224,  .387,  485 
Trombley,  Joseph.  .  660 
Tronsiil,  .Miss  Mkggie  116 

Trost,  Gustave 485 

Trotter,  Lewis 391 

Trowbridge,  .4.nson, 

103.  .3.53 
Trowbridge,  D.  X. 

361.  357.  606 
Trowbridge,  Mrs.D.N., 

722,  723 
Trowbridge,  Elisha.' 

31.3,  917 
Trowbridge,  Mrs.  F.  831 
Trowbridge,  James..  340 

Trowbridge,  J.  H 486 

Trowbridge,  W_ 429 

Truax,  Mrs.  Geo.  B     663 
Truax,  Perry  B., 

97;  224,  476,  757 

Truax,  Mrs.  P.  B 116 

True,  George, 

85,  89,  641,  681 


Pagf, 

Tuuison,    W iC7 

Tupel,  Charles 81 

Turbush,   Mrs.  H:...  831 

Turk,  H.    D 315 

Turley,  Mrs.  E.  A. 732 

Turner,  E.  L 486 

Turner,   J.  M 814 

Turner,  J.  W..;  385,481 

Turner,  P.  C . 104 

Turtle,  Little  (Chief) 

49,  657 

Tuthill,    David 102 

Tuttle.   A.    P 331 

Tuttle,  Thos.  T..  .322,  8.36 

Tuttle,  W,  E 101 

Tuttlepen.Wm 102 

Tyler,  A 486 

Tyler,  Benj.  P 9.34 

Tyler,  .Je.sse 880,882 

Tyler,  Justin  H...         90 

Tyler,  J.  R 355,  689 

Tyler,  Morris __.  440 

Tympany,  Robert  H. 

315,  4.S2,  910 
Tynker,  K.  E 99 

UHL.MAN,  Henry,    99 
Uhlraan, Peter,  484 

Uhlrich,  Peter 9)5 

Ultz,  G.  H 102 

Underbill.   .\.  J .310 

Underwood, Artemus  909 

Underwood,  D.  K 402 

Underwood,  Gilbert 

909,  910 
Underwood,  Laura..  910 
Underwood,  .Milton.  910 
Underwood.  Sally...  910 
Underwood, Solomon  910 
UnheKan,  Christian.  98 

Ifnthank,    Wm 99 

Upton,  Angeline  L..  500 
Upton,   Ed..  107,  .355,  907 


V 


ALENTINE,  Fred 


Trumbull,  Calvin 
Trumbull,  David 

876,  877 
IrumbuU,  James 
Trumbull,   I.  C.- 
Trumbull,  R.  H 
Trumbull,   Wilbur 
Trumbull,  W.  O 
Tubb,  John  M 
Tubb,   Grris  F. 
Tubbs,  R.  J 
Tubbs,  A.  C... 


878 

878 

876 

876 

876 

.  878 

.  786 

.  102 

.  102 

.  10) 

,     -.  _ 96 

Tucker,  B.  F. .      .       917 

Tucker,  Caleb. _I  905 

Tucker,  Geo.  W  484 

Tuey,  .\  771 

Tuey,  Thomas 
„,       .,         85.  99,  120, 351 
fumilson,  Wm...       891 
Tummery,  Bernard.    98 
1  unison,  Charles...    866 

1  unison,  Mrs.  C 866 

Tunison,  Ezra  C 104 

Tuuison,  Thomas...  104 


S89 
Valentine.  Mrs.  Fred  119 
Vallaudigham,  0.  L. 

351,  3.52,  415 

Vallette,  O.  W 811 

Van  Aarle,  Thos 390 

Van  Aiken,  Simon.-.  66 
A'an.Alstine,Abraham894 
Van  Alstiue,  Jacob..  101 
Van  Avery,  John  H.  315 
Van  Blarcum,  James  642 
Van  Blarcum.  John.  914 
Van  Bruut,  Tunis  B.  406 

Van  Buren,  S.  G 338 

Vance,  J.  W 907 

Vance,  General 660 

Vance,  Mrs.  Gen 373 

Vance,  Joseph 1],  66 

Vance,  Samuel. 6(53 

Vandegrift,  T.  H 803 

Vandeuhoff,  P _  105 

Van  Doren,  Geo 4-56 

Van  Fleet,  A.  L 916 

Van  Fleet,  C 350 

Van  Fleet,  Charles     914 

Van  Fleet,  C.  B 353 

Van  Fleet,  Cornelius  914 
Van  Fleet,  Jared...    323 
Van  Fleet,  John 
313,  3:58,  366,  368.  912,913 

Van  Fleet,  J.  S 913 

Van  Fleet,   Matthias 

313.  3:a8,  .344 

Van  Fleet.  Wm 101 

VanGunten.Christian905 
Van  Gunten,  John 

100,  360,  480 

Van,  Henrv 102 

Van  Hoesen,  E.  H  , 

97,  416.  423 
Van  Hoesen,Mrs.E.H.  734 
Van  Hoesen,  L.  B. . .    119 

Van  Horn,  James 892 

Van  Horn,  John. 101,  892 

Van  Horn,  Wm 877 

Van  Home,  S.  V.  .A..  477 
Van  Karsen,  Henry, 

485,  918 

Vannocker,  D lou 

Van  Ness,  W.  W 481 

Van  Orden,  Jacob  ...  48.i 
Van  Orden,  John  V-.  102 
Van  N'oorden,S.V.,Jr.  96 
Van  Orden.  Wm..97,  924 

Van  Pelt,  C.  L 391 

Van  Pelt,  David 65 

Van  Pelt,  Mrs.  E.  A  484 
Van  Pelt,  John  H 102 


Pn^e. 

^  andeburg,  AV'm.. 

lO- 

VanRennssalaer.J.B.  101 

Van        Reunssalaer. 

Stephen 

..  .398 

Van  Reunssalaer,  Sol    42 

Vanstoue,  Thos., 

99,  124,  41 

7.757 

Van  Voorse,  Abram.  9^4 

VanWert,Abram,103,  878 

Van  Wormer,  .\aron  356 

Van  Wormer,  James  907 

Van  Wormer,  J.  R. 

(M9 

Vaughn,  Henry  J..366,  386 

Vaughn,  J.  C 104,  360 

Veasv,  Milton. 

.  89.5 

Venderwalker,  Jas. 

.     66 

Verity,  .Vmasa 

.  902 

Verity,  0.  B 

90 

V  erkios,  Joseph... 

66 

Vetler,  T 

.  104 

Vetter,  Michael... 

.  486 

V  ickers,  James 

.  .338 

Vickery,  N 

102 

Mlair,  Francis 

.  905 

Vilhauer,  J 

.  485 

Villman,  John 

-  103 

Vinal,  Hiram... 

.  855 

Vincent,  C 

.  648 

Vincent,  Jesse 

.  445 

Vincent,  L 

.    98 

Vogel,  George 

V'oglesong,  J.  J., 

844 

321,  .341 

810 

Vogt,  J.  G  

873 

Volade,  Lewis 

99 

Volkstaedt,  Fred 

100 

Volmeyer,  J.  J.  ... 

389 

\on  Blessingh,  Louis, 

244 

.353 

Voorhees,  I.  &  P 

447 

\ordtriede,  C.  A., 

263,  362, 

306 

Vordtriede,  Julius 

a59 

Vordtriede-  W.  W 

361 

Vorhes.J.  J 

89 

Voris,  A.  C 

108 

Vorace,  W 

S9 

Voute,  C.  H.. 

788 

Vrooman,  Garrett 

102 

Vrooman,  Geo.  W. 

619 

Vrooman,  Rhial  B. 

893 

,-  ■  Paqe. 

Waite,  John  A. 

89,  .355,  389,478,483 
Wane,  M.  K. 
15,  64,  65,  8.5,  89,  93,  96, 
106,109,112,116,156,175 
272,315,317,334,.3.39,341. 
342,  350,  351,. 352,  .386,413, 
421,  476,  499,  6.52,  720,781 
810,  832,  927 
Waite,  Mrs.  M.  R.  116,501 
Waite,  Norman 

90,  189,  690,  7.58 
Waite,  Richard 

89,98,  108,  112,    358,  496 
„  .  189,  810 

Waite,  Warren  S.  98,  496 
Wakeman,  H.  H 
,„  ,  ,  102, 117,  .358 

Uakeman,  Jessup...  693 
Wakemau,  Susan...  651 
Wal  bridge,    Chester 

320,  .331,  402,  670,  719,  772 
Walbridge,  Ebenezer 

85.  96,  475,  483,  495,  689 
Walbridge.  Mrs.  Eb- 
enezer  116 

Walbridge,    Geo. 

479.  482,  811,  9.34 
Walbridge,  Heman, 

328.  446,  719 
Walbridge,  Hiram, 

385.  639,  671.  719 
Walbridge,  H.  B., 

88,  98,  484,  770,  771 
Walbridge,  Mrs.  H.B.  483 
Walbridge,  Heman  D., 

■125,497 
Walbridge,  Mrs.  He- 
man  D 227 

Walbridge,  Henrv  d', 

85,  97,"475,  639 

Walbridge,  H.  S., 

85,  96.  no,  112,  351,  .353 

354,369,  .360,  387,  389,  415 

422,433, 472,  475,  497,  724 


Page. 
nalterhouse,  J.  W.   _-j 
92,  97,  116,  476,  4867689 
^  ,  770,  772,  797 

Walters,  .\bram,  878,  924 
Walters,  .Abram,  Jr.  878 
Walters,  John...  320,  924 

Walters,  Michael 878 

Waterman,  Peter 104 

Waltz,  A.  B 104 

Waltz,  D.  F 90,486 

Walworth,  John 660 

Wansel,  Jacob 98 

Ward,  Eleazer 905 

Ward,   Eber 851,926 

Ward,  Collins .320 

Ward,  Mrs.  E.  A 723 

Ward,  Henry  D 494 

Ward,  John 849 

Ward,  Wm 103 

Wardwell,J.  C 101 

Ware.    X 100,  104 

Ware,   .Abram 892 

Waring,  J.  A .    .390 

Waring,  S.  H 224",  497 

Warn,   M.  C 496,  724 

Warner,  Geo.  A 477 

Warner,  Henrv 915 

Warren*  Westcott..  891 

Warren,  .Alfred 888 

Warren,  A.  G 97 

Warren,  Bennett 870 

Warren,  B.  E 99 

Warren,  C.  H 1  784 

Warren,  C.  C 99'  477 

Warren,  Clark  D.  429,  892 
Warren,  F.  R. 
90,  102,  .347,  .355,  358,  366, 
482,  888, 892,  893 
Warren,   Haskell   D. 
M,    102.   113,  315,    .350, 
367,  888,  889,  891,    892 
Warren,  Horace  H. 
„  90, 107,  888 

Warren,  J.  B 99 

Warren,    James  M..  934 


w.i,    ■.,      "i;.^**',?°5  *^    Warren;  Joseph 102 

Walbridge.  Mrs.  H.S.  116    Warren,  Samuel.  98,  486 


WACHENHEIM- 
ER,  Louis.. 

85,  485,  771 
Waddick,  J.  M  309 

Wade,  B.  F. 

3.59,  366,  367,  390,  807 

Wade  &  Cook 480 

Wade,   Edward...       807 

Wade,  J.  H ."."432 

Wade,  Marvin..  102,  103 
Wadsworth,  Decius 

wadsworth,  H.  M       799 
Wadsworth,  W.W.  841  891 

Wagar,  C.  P 641,648 

Wagar,    M.  H 477 

Waggoner,  Clark 
85,  89,  94,  96  244,  347, 
355,  358,  360,  425,  463, 
476,  638,  641,  u49,  650. 
651.654,7*4,798,812,  813 
Waggoner,  Mrs.  Clark 

116,  653 
Waggoner,  Fanny       6.53 

Waggoner,  Israel 651 

Waggoner,  J.  Fred..  653 
Waggoner,  Lucretia.  651 
Waggoner.  Mary  Ella  6.53 
Waggoner,  Ralph  H. 
85,100,112,123,224,278, 
640,  6)2 
Waggoner,    Clark  & 

Son 640,  798 

Waggoner,  M.  0 .361 

Wagner  &   Horn 328 

Wagner,  Samuel 

80,  315,  350,  368,  938 
Wagner  &  Thompson  924 

Waiuer,  G.  W 97 

W^airs,  John loi 

Waite  .\ustin  B. 

,„  .       ^    98,  .341,  386,  485 

Waite,  0.  C 496 

Waite,  C.  H 690 

Waite, Miss  Dollie"  831 

Waite,  Edward  T 234 

Waite,  Fred.  P...  9s,  110 
Waite,  Henry  S.  86, 90.  96 
Waite.  Horace 

314,  328,340,366,367,924 
Waite,  H.  F 340 


Walbridge,  J.  H 486 

Walbridge,  Mrs.Marv  116 
Walbridge,  S.  C  '  7,84 
Walbridge,  Thos.  H  663 
Walbndge.W.Hunt  89.97 
Walcott.  Win..  99 

Waleott,  Mrs.  Wm...  831 
Waleutt,  Charles  C.  89 
Walding.  Mrs  W.  J..  831 

Waldron,  J.  W 913 

Waldron,  David 924 

Waldron,  L.  W...         B58 

Wales,  A.  B 88D,  883 

Wales,  A.  J 90 

Wales,  Chas.  T., 

85,  96,  112,  476 
Wales,  James  C, 

94,  104,  346,  353,  8?2,  883 
Wales.  Johu  G.104.350,882 

Wales,  Nichola,s 693 

Walker,  Abraham...  877 


Warren,  Susan .^^^ 

Warren,   Wm .346 

Warren,  W.  A \  101 

Warren,  Wm.  B. 

102,  8.S8,  895 
Warren,  Wm,  B.  A  Son  895 

Warren,  Wm.  P 104 

Warren.   W.  H 102 

Warren ,  W.   W 894 

Warriner,  Orson 913 

Warriner,  R.  H .389 

Warrington,  Edw...    66 
Wa-sa-on-o  quit 

(Chief)... 9.33,  9.34 

Washburn,  Isaac 

102,    III,    113,   315,  .340, 

348.  8frl.  868 

Washburn,  JIrs.Isaac866 

Washburn,  Rufus  A.  917 

Washington,  Geo 4 

Wason,  H    C 773 


Walker,,Augustus.440,566    Wason,'  RoberVX'"!:  389 
",aker,  A  N. 650    Wasser.   G.,  Sr      "         9T 


Walker,   Dayid 87,104 

Walker,  Mrs.  E.  J.       879 

Walker,  E.  P ..  694 

Walker,  Geo 104 

Walker,  Henrv  N 650 

Walker,  John 103,879 

Walker,  Joseph.    . .  '  103 

Walker,  R.  E 391 

Walker,  W.  T., 
261,263,  343,  353,  360,  389 
473c,  476,  484,  734 
Wal  k-in-the- Water 

(Chief) 453 

Wall,  Edward 484 

Wall,  .lohn .328 

Wall,  J.  J ....;;  100 

Wall,  Valentine, 

97,  322.  .351 

Wall,  Wm 446 

Wallace,  Emily 860 

Wallace,  Jennie 860 

Wallace,  J.  F gg 

Wallace,  John  Frank. 

85,  100 
Wallace,  Richard..  860 
Wallace,  R.  J.g58, 388,  424 
Walp,  Alexander, 

107,  917,  918 

Walsh,  Michael 367 

Walsh,  M 390 

Walter,  David Iu3 

Walter,  John 877 

Walter,    Martin 878 


Wasson,  Charles „.. 

Waters,  John  W .338 

Waters,  Octavus.  90,  .346 

Waters,  Wm.  S 401 

Waterbury,  Ann 867 

Walerbury,   C lis 

Waterman,  Dan.  A..  96 
Waterman, Nehemia'h495 

Watkins,   .Amy 893 

WatUins,  Geo" -477 

Watkins,  Nathan  G-  893 
Watkins,  Thos.,   Jr. 

367,  474,  680,  689 
Watson,Cooper  K.345,358 

Watson,  Geo.  R 99 

Watson,  John  A 423 

Watson,  Plinv 758 

Watts,    Thomas 94 

Way  A  Young 925 

Way  it  McBain 481 

Way,  i.Tcorge  H. 

315,  3:!4,  340,  384,  447,  639 
Wav,  Willard  V. 

303    341,  4.38,  807 
Wayne,  -Vnthonv 

5,  14,  38.  43,  46,"50,  64, 85 
Weaver.  Charles  B...  97 
Weaver,  George  107 

Webb,  John,  320,  660.  913 

Webb,  John  M 934 

Webb,  Thomas  J.  101,  .360 

Webb,  Wm.  A 360 

Webber,  J.  B 97 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


961 


Page. 
Webber,  Melchior...   99 

Webber,  Phillip 101 

Weber,  H.  G 9B 

Weber,  Michael lUi 

Webster,  B — 97 

Webster,  Larken bb 

Weckerly,  George...  917 

Weckerlv,  John 91 1 

Weckesley,  Jacob...  849 

Weddell,  Geo 785 

Weed.  Gid.  W. 

100,  :«5,  670,  683,  689 

Weed,  Daniel 882 

Weed,  Thurlow 402 

Weeks,  Elizabeth 934 

Wegener,  Theo..  100,  475 
Weible,  .fohn, 

113.  358,  849,  8oO 
Weible,    Wm 848 


Page. 

Wiggins,  Wm 892 

Wight,  John  F  ..440,  454 

Wigton,  J.  M 107 

Wikol,J.  F 98 

Wilbor,  John  B 163 

Wilbor,  George 10:1 

Wilcox,  Abram 322 

Wilcox,  A.  A 102 

Wilcox,  Ed 881 

Wilcox,  Ezra 881 

Wilcox,  George 881 

Wilcox,  Henry 697 

Wilcox,  Ira 881 

Wilcox,  J.  E. 

White  Mr'i  J       .     -no  359,366,613,926      ....o..., 

White   lames  S      ...104     Wilcox,  Uonard.. 96,689     Wilson,  B.......... 

Whip   lane  A  893     Wilcox,  Marcus.. 328,  924     Wilson,Mrs.Clarin. 


Page. 
White,  A.  L. 

94,357,387,689 

White,  Mrs.  A.  L 116 

White,  Bertha 89S 

White,  Clarissa 893 

White,  Uavid, 

328,  400,  401,  888,   •S89, 
890,  894 

White,  Elmer 640 

White,  G,B 104 

White,  Harry  B 641 

White,  Ira. ...328,924,  925 
White,  James, 

367,  439,  860,  862,  891,893 
White,  Mrs.  J 118 


Page. 
Williams,  Mrs.  S.  R.  L., 

110,641,654,731,732,734 
Williams,  ThomaH  ..  li!W 

Williams,  W,  II 866 

Williams,  W.S.224,48:),689 
Williams.  Wm.  \V.. 

88,98,  208,  ■i!4, -261,484 

496.  869  „     . 

Williams,  J.  U.&  11.1.  485    Wollhiger,  Mrs  J.. 


White,  Jane  A 893 

White,  John S82 

White,  J.  W..  86,353,366 


WeSdSan:5^e::38     White,  M^Uhew.....  882 


Weidman, . 

Weil,  Artius lOi 

Weir,  Geo — --  321 

Weishan,  Joseph 100 

Weizel,  Andrew 104 

Welch,  C.  C 864 

Welch,  Elias 104 

Welch,  John  W 104 

Welker,  Adam 906 

Welker,  Philip..  422,485 
Welles,  Geo.  E. 
86,223.224,355,356,4,7, 

Welles,  Wm.-..  49,  50,  51 
Welles,  Wm,  B...  96,  107 
Welles,  Woolsey  ....  344 

Wells,  Edmund 388 

Wells,  Ezra 440 

Wells,  Henry 829 

Wells,  John  M.. 102 

Wells,  Samuel  S 642 

Wells,  Wayne 49 

Wells,  Wesley  J. .361,  864 

Wells,  W.  W 4:ib 

Wenzel,  Carl 389 

Wernert,  Ignace, 

100. 107,  361,  366.  .391 
Wernert,  Joseph. 112,  259 
Wernert,  Joseph  E  ..  259 

W'erther,  Charles 100 

West,  Aaron  B 893 

West,  Charles, 

97,  224,  476,  485,  7o7 

West,   M.   W 320,491 

West,   Wentworth...  891 

West,  Wm..- 934 

West,  W.  H.- 359 

Westcott,  D.  L., 
314,315,366,386,882,891, 


Wetmore,  Oscar 98 

Weyburne,  Dennis..    97 

Wheeler,  A.  1 921 

Wheeler.  Charles.905,934 

Wheeler,  Fred 456 

Wheeler.  John 100 

Wheeler,  John  M 437 

Wheeler.  Lyman, 

85,  93,  100,  322,  338,  340 

386,  429,  495,  814 

Wheeler,  Maro, 

224,  327,  342,  689.  758,  776 

Wheeler  K.  Jeflrey.89,108 

Wheeler,  S.  A... 96 

Wheeler,  Wm 100 

Wheeler  &  Boos 486 

Wheeler  &  Chester...  480 

Whelpley,  Thos 65,  66 

Whipple,  Fred.  C 648 

Whipple,  Elisha.. 104,821 
Whitaker.Chas.  F.477,724 
Whitaker,  Mrs.  Fran- 
ces A 693 

Whitaker,'J.  H., 
100,  354,  886,  4118,  496,  689 
766,779,  781,807 
Whitaker,Stephen694,766 
Whitaker,  Wm.  H., 

85,97,391,477 
Whitaker,  Phillips  & 

Co 455 

Whitbeck.  John 350 

Whitcomb.Elisha,102,913 

Whitcomb,  F.  W 103 

Whitmore,  Leonard.  480 
Whitcomb,  Mrs.  Ma- 

lina 117 

Whitcomb,  V.C 103 

Whitcomb  &  Carter.,  910 
White,  Allen  ....315,429 

White,  Andrew 330 

White,  A.  J  — 163 

White,  A.  M 735 


White,  Oscar, 
91,  313,  315,  319,  328,331, 
335,   351,   354,   367,   491, 
722,  807,  924,  926 

White,  Samuel 694 

White,  T.W 96 

White,  Wm 315,  344 

White,  W.  C 76 

White,  Wm.  M. 

315,344,428,  891,892, 

893,  899 

Whitehead,  Berne  ..    98 

Whitehead,  P.  C 97 

Whitmore,  Betsey  B.  85d 
Whitmore,  Elisha  ...  914 
Whitmore,  George  D.    97 

Whitmore,  Jacob 100 

Whitmore,  July  Ann  855 
Whitmore,  Leander.  905 
Whitmore,  Leonard, 

341,  855 
Whitmore,  Luther, 

100,  113,  172,  338,  8w,866 
Whitmore,  Luther,  Jr. 

328,  8.55,  856 
Whitmore, Mary  Ann  855 
Whitmore,  O.  W.337,  385 
Whitmore,  Walters, 

100,  855 
Whitney,  Augustus.-  841 
Whitney,  B.  H  ...-.- 102 
Whitney.  ElizabethB  693 
Whitney,  Mrs.  Fran- 
ces M —  906 

Whitney,  H.  P.. ..98, 103 
Whitney,  James  S...  905 
Whitney,  J.  M. 

319,  340,  392,  689,  814 
Whitney,  J.  Porter..  491 

Whitney,  J.  S 100 

Whitney,  Lavina  J . .  694 
Whitney,  Lucy..  117,  119 
Whitney,  Luther, 

96,  108.  387,  485,  816 
Whitney,  Mrs.  Luther, 
116,722 

Whitney,M 118 

Whitney,Mrs.  MaryP  11 1 
Whitney,  Michael  T. 

901,  905 
Whitney,  Milton  D..  905 

Whitnev,  M.  L  491 

Whitney.  M.  T 757 

Whitney.  Noah  A. 

113,  314,  660,  689,  897. 

899,  905 
Whitney,  Mrs.  N.  A  .  118 
Whitnev,  Xoah  A.,Jr  899 
Whitney,  Mrs.  Porter  118 
Whitnev,Stephen,401,402 

Whitney,  S.P 103 

Whitney,  Thomas  P. 

900,  905 
Whituey,  W.  M- 104, 106 
Whitney,  W.W..  97,  112 
Whitney  .4  Woodrutt  482 
Whitehouse.  Edward  917 

Whitten,   Alonzo 905 

Whittlesey,  Elisha, 

32,  297,  326,  :387,  446 

Whittlesev,  Mary 693 

Whittlesey.  R.  D- 86,  89 
Whittlesey,  R.  F.  L..  386 
Whittlesey.Sewall,  99,485 
Whittlesey,  W.  W...  483 
Wickenden,  T.  K....  390 

WicUham,  C.  P 359 

Wickham,  George ...  104 
Wickham,  Walker  & 

Co '154 

Wicks,  iianiel 882 

Wiesman,  W 97 


Wilcox,  Minot  1, 
96,  108,  476,  496,  689,776, 
788,  807 

Wilcox,  S.D 846,  879 

Wilcox,  S.  K 102 

Wilcox,  W.  D 881 

Wilcox  Brothers.485,  776 
Wilder,  David  S. 

.346,  485,  486 
Wilder,  Foster  W.  86,  89 

■Wilder,  George 85 

Wilder,  Gusiavus...  315 
Wilder,  Silas  W.  640,  654 
Willebrand.  P.  U.  O.  486 
Wildman,   Horatio..  346 

Wilhelm,  H 99 

Wilhelm,  H.  W. 

363,  366,  367 

Willey,  E 89 

Wilkin,  Alfred 388 

Wilkin,  Mrs.  Alfred, 

116,  772,  773 

Wilkins,  A.  D 836 

Wilkins,  J.   A 359 

Wilkins,   Capt.  Tom.  454 

Wilkison,  Alva  D 319 

Wilkison,  David,  » 

65,337,442,454,470,471, 
660 
Wilkison,  Jacob.  436,  660 
Wilkison,  James, 

77,  314,  .340,  660.  924 
Wilkison,  John. .408,  9U5 

Wilkison,  J.  E 803 

Wilkison,  L.  H 906 

Wilkison,  Samuel 660 

Wilkinson,  Thomas.  904 
Wilkison,  Wm., 

101,  664,  904,  905,  906 
Willard.  A.  L....  97,  878 

Willard,  L.  L 638 

Willetts,  Edwin 66 

Willets,  Sam 402 

Willey,  A 340 

Willev,  Austin..  385,191 
Williams,  Asa...  694,905 
Williams,  A.  D..  101,  924 
Williams,  A.  G., 

785,  925,  931 
Williams,  Benjamin,  934 

Williams,  C 360 

Williams,  Cyrus 386 

Williams,  C.  A... 924,  925 
Williams,  C.  H 689 


Williamson,  Henry.,  mi 
Willibraud,  P.  H.  O.    85 

Willis,  N.  P 637 

Williugton,  Wm., 

:»G,  360,  779,  78() 

Wilsev,  John MO 

414 
daWS 

Wilson,  C.  A 418 

Wilson,  C.  C lOO 

Wilson,  Cloys  B 3.53 

Wil.son,  C.  G 362 

Wilson,  Daniel  M....  916 

Wilson.  Eber 342 

Wilson,  E.  K 893 

Wilson,  Frank  P..356,.390 
Wilson,  Geo 31 


Page. 
Wolf.  A 10» 

Woll.  Daniel 99 

Wolf,  Fred 486 

Wolf.  John 100 

WoHiliKCr,  Jacc.h,864,891 
Wollinger,  Jonas, 

104,  80-1,  866 

Wollinger,  H 101 

Wollinger,  .Mrs.  J....  806 

Wollinger.  J.  M 864 

Wollinger,  Louis  ....  927 

Wollinger,  P.  H 864 

Wollinger.  Rebecca..  864 

Wolf,  Solomon 917 

Wolsev.  BritUlin HHS 

Wood;  Alvin 868 

Wood,  Amos  r, S4t 

Wood,  Chan.  J. .48.3,  673 

Wood.  Elisha 103 

Wood,  Klisha  L 108 

Wood,  Elixa  Ann 865 

Wood,  Elizabeth 808 

Wood,  Harrison 

3M,  876,  879 

Wood,  Henry  L 918 

Wood,  H.  S 82 


Wilson,  Mrs.Uettie  C.  888  Wood,  James  ....104,  107 
Wilson,  James. ...321,642  Wo<k1,  Mrs,  JaneM..  252 
Wilson,  .Tames  W... 90.91 


Wilson,  John  W 492 

Wilson,  Julia. »X,  891 

Wilson,  J.  A 267 

Wilson,  Moses 371 

Wilson,  Robert 103 

Wilson, Samuel 413 

Wilson,  Thomas 866 

Wilson,  Mrs.  T 866 

Wilson,  Wm., 
803,  319,  3211,  660,  848,  889 
890,  891 

Wilson,  W.  R 103 

Wilson,  Wm.  W., 
102,  104.  315,  322,  350,  892 

Wilson  &  Dewey 889 

Wiltbank.  W.  B...30,477 
Wiltse,  Cornelius.319,333 
Wiltse,  Hiram— .102,  343 
Willse,  John, 

314,  320,  353,  878 

Wiltse,  .lohnL, 353 

Wiltse,  Silas 87$ 

Winans,  Chas.  E. 

101.  476,  485 
Winans,  Mrs.  C.  E...  116 

Winans,  D.  H 477 

AVinans,  James..  .358,  391 

Winberg,  E 830 

Winchester.Timothy  895 
Windmill,  Joseph...  693 
Wing,  -Austin  E. 

308,371.374,679,8-14 

Wing,  Mrs.  C 879 

Wing,  CD 892 

Wing,  C.L... .813, 881,882 

Wing,  Jonathan 882 

Wing,  l«renzo 905 

Wini,Thos..322,  491,905 
Wing,  Warner.66,  .304,  .320 

Winslow,  A.  C 101 

-   -  103 


Winslow,  U.  R. 

„  Winslow,  K.  R 101 

Wiiliarasjidgerton  R 683     Winslow,  Martin  ....  9W 
Williams,  Elijah        47(i     WMnslow.  Seth 103 


...476 
Williams.  Elis'ha, 

16,  315,  3.34 
Williams,  Erastus, 

892,  904 
Williams,  E.  P  ....407 
Williams,  Geo...  420,  452 

Williams,  Geo.  E 477 

Williams,  Mrs.  Geo.  661 
Williams,  G.  R..  476,  683 
Williams.  Geo.  R —  6s:! 
Williams,  Henry,  100. 104 
Williams.  H.  C.  440,92, 

Williams,  H.  F 47b 

Williams,  H.  J 96 

Williams,  James 882 

Williams,  Jesse  L 49 

Williams,  John, 

101,102,689,918 

Williams,  J.  Mott....  492 

Williams,  J.P 432 

Williams,  Jos.  K., 

320,331,401,6.38,6.53 

Williams,  M.F 811 

Williams,  Micajah  T., 

319,  326, 373,  44b 

Williams,  O 491.925 

Williams,  O.  T 89 

Williams,  Rebecca  ..  M 

Williams,  Sibyl 654 

Williams,  S.L 65,66 


Winslow,  Seth 
Winslow  &  Williams  481 

Winter.  J.  H 495 

Winters,  W.W 720 

Wintemart,   A 102 


Wood,  Jona 124,321 

Wood,  John 103 

Wood,  Joseph 300 

Wood,  J.  H 99 

Wood,  Louisa 865 

Wood,  Matilda, 

876,  877,  879 

Wood,  Mark 267 

Wood,  Perry, 

103,  111,350,356,877 

Wood,  S.  B 477 

Wood,  Mrs.  S.  B 831 

Wood,  Thomas, 

99,  314,  322,  340,  876,  877, 

878,  879 

Woodburv,Benjamin  915 

Woodbury,  C.  11.100,112 

Wookbury,  C.  .S 348 

Woodbnrv,  Dwight..  843 
Woodbury.  George96. 476 

Woodbury,  J.  H 402 

Woodford.  M.  D 418 

Woodford,  W.R 418 

Woodruff,  <■.  D. 
85,  92,  100,  116,  .3.53.  300, 
387.  389.  816 
Woodruff,  E.  J.97,  855.856 

WoodrutJ,  J 925 

Woodruff.  Jacob 660 

Woodrull',  Jonah 76 

Woodruff,  Nancy 660 

Woodruff,  T.H 486 

Woodruff,  T.T 925 

Woodruff  &  Clark...  925 
Woods,  Diantha  M  ..  693 

Woods,  J.  T 92,252 

Woods,  Wm.  B 228 

Woodward,  W lOJ 

Woodward,  Geo.  W..  928 
Woodward,  Walter..  886 
Woodward.  Wm.  H  .  322 

Woodworlh,  B 89 

Woodworth,  S.  B 315 

Woollcy,  James 101 

Woolsey,  Elijah 693 

Woolsou,  Mrs.  F.  I>..  252 
Woolverton,  Silas...  426 
Worcester,  S.  T. 

.347,  350,  382,  480,  768 


wiawpll    W         II!!!  925  Worden,  A 660 

Witker    F  F  I      II  .  785  Worden,  Isiuic  B....  905 

Witker',  e!  H  III!....  785  Worden,  J.  L 224 

Witker,  Fred. 

98,  2:M,  351,387,48.-. 
Whitker.F.E 78.5 


Witker,  John  F.30,479,496 

Witker,  G.  F 785 

Witker,  W.  F      -85 

Witle.  Shuts  &  Co...  910 
Wittstein,  Gus.96,.367,  366 
Wittstein,  Herman, 

100,  485 

Witzel,  Frank 107 

Woehler,  Christ. 

85,  98.  ;!87,  485,  689,  771 

Woleott,  Fred 101 

Wolcott,  James, 

76,  313,  320,  322,  367,924, 

'  925,928 

Wolcott,  J.  F........482 

Wolcott,  James  M  ...  101 
Wolcott.  James  &  Co  4.57 
Wolcott, Miss  Juliette 

Wolcott,' wVwIlllll  loi 


Worden,  Nancy 905 

Worden,  Zera 891 

Worthington,  J.  G..  374 
Worthington,  Miss  Ma- 
tilda  735 

Worthington,  Wm..  370 
Worts.Geo.  96,389,476,782 

Worts,  Geo.  F 477 

Worlz,  John 99 

Worts,  J.J 989 

Worts.  M.  C 99,416 

Worts,  M.C.  .£  Son..  484 
Wright.  .Mrs.  Agnes.  879 
Wright,  Eiia.sir.....S60 

Wright,  Frank 388 

Wright,  Frederick, 

313,366,984 

Wright,  F.C »rs 

Wright,  G.F 92B 

Wright.  11.  M 906 

Wright,  James..  103,886 

Wright,!.  II 96 

Wright,  Justus 9S6 


952 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


Page. 

Wright,  J.  P 8ti6 

Wright,  J.  M 43B 

Wright,  .Suth !)34 

Wright,  T.  H 38(1 

Wuerfel,  John  C. 

109,  785,  78fi 

Wyant,  Martin 905 

Wvek,  Peter 362 

Wyman,  F.  0 2W 

Wyraan,  J.  U 936 

Wynu,  E,  S 103 

WynQ,  Joua., 

99,  347,  3H0,  366 
Wvnn,  Miss  Norma..  723 
Wynn,  Samuel 103 


Page. 
Wynn,  Thomas.  102,  353 

YARDLEY.C 349 
Yardlev.  Conn- 
land ;....432,  486 

Yardley,  Edward 96 

Yardley,  Edmund...  689 
Yardley,    Miss    Ger- 
trude    _ 483 

Yates,  Abram  R 891 

Yeager,  Jlartin 100 

Yeager.  C.  M 85 

Yeslin.  C.  F 905 

Yost,  Peter 100,482 

Yourtee,  S.L 726 


Page. 
Young,  Andrew. 
85,  106,  343,  346,  366,  367 

446,  680 
Young,  Mrs.  Andrew, 

408,  483 

Young,  .\ustin 924 

Young,  C 401 

Young,  C.  B. 99 

Young.  C.  L., 
261,  263,  328.  389,  391,  774 
Young,  Mrs.  Cora  D..  257 

Young,  D.  E .356 

Young,  D.  H 484 

Young,  Ebenezer 914 

Young,  Frank  I.. 477,  500 


Page. 
^oung,  Horatio  S., 
97,  110,224,  477,500,  949 

Young,  John  H 914 

Young,  Joshua 315 

Young,  Mi.ss  Lillie...  893 
Young,  Mrs.  M.  A...  485 
Young,  Nicholas  D..  102 
Young,  Samuel  M., 
102,  103,  313,  317,  328,  .331 
350,  366,  388,  483,  499,  649 
831,  924 

lonngctWaite 367 

Younglove,  Geo 65,66 

"ioungs,  David 350 

Yount,  Jacob 913 


Paqe. 

r7ACHAr)US,  Jacob  lOl 

jLi    Zahni,  J.  F 477 

Zahm,  J.  M no 

Zarang,  Franz 95 

Zeigen,  Jacob 102 

Zeigen,  Silas 1(m 

Zeigler,  E.  G 867 

Zeigler,  John 924 

Zeiiler,  Wm 48b 

Zerk,  Chris _ .389 

Zerk,  George 100 

Zirwas,  Chas 391 

Zook,  Christian 924 


SCHOOLS 


Page. 

ABBOTT,  Caleb  P.  634 
Ackliu, Annie  C.  622 

Acklin,  Gussie 623 

Adams,  Carrie...  618,  620 

Adams,  Chas.  F 6.35 

Adams,  Samuel  L 633 

Adelsperger,  Sadie  ..  623 
Ainger,  Henrietta...  625 

Allen,  Edson 612.  634 

Allen,  .Samuel 612 

Anderson    Addie  M,  623 

Andrews,  Lorin 614 

Anliker,  Emma 622 

Anthony,  M.  E 619 

Arnold,  Wilbur  F.624,625 

.\tkius,  Alice 621 

Atkinson,  George  ...  622 
Atkinson,  Jeannette  623 
.\tkinson,  Thomas  B  622 

.\ustin,  Belle 620 

Austin,  S.  R 611 

Auld,  .Mrs.  J.  C 617 

Avery  Apphya  C.615,  6i0 
Avery,  Jno.  G 624 

BABCOCK,  Jnlia..  622 
Bachelder,  Lou.  622 

Backus,  .\sa 6.3."i 

Bailev.  Caroline  B...  621 

Bair,  Kate —  62.3 

Baird,  Cora 623 

Baker,  Albert 622 

Baker,  Arthur  E 621 

Baker.  Fannie  L 622 

Baker,  Herbert 621 

Baker,  Marv._. 622 

Baker,  Rufus  H 621 

Baldwin,  Annie  H  ..  621 

Baldwin,  Frank 623 

Baldwin,  HattieS...  621 
Baldwin,  Lizzie  M  ,,  621 
Baldwin,  L.  Helen, 

61S.  619,  621,630 
Baldwin,  M.  Jennie—  622 

Balfe,  Jennie 621 

Balfe,  Nellie 619,  622 

Balfe,  Sarah  L 622 

Bailey,  James  T 616 

Balk  George  F 617 

Ballurd,  .\lmira  H...  621 

Ballard,  Emma  J 621 

Ballard,  Geo.  M..616,  624 

Ballard,  Theo ._  624 

Bangs,  Alice 618,  619 

Bangs,  Belle 619,  623 

Barbour,  O.  F....  617 
Barkdull,  William  ..  622 

Barker,  Calviu 635 

Barker,  Minnie  J 621 

Barker,  R.  U 624 

Barnev,  H.  H 627 

Barr,  Mrs.  E.  E 617 

Barr,  Adie  R 622 

Barlow,  Belle 620 

Barton.  Jno 630 

Bash.  Nellie 623 

Beach,  Annie  C 622 

Beach,  Helen. 618,  621,623 
Beamer,  Florence,619,623 

BeattT,  Ella 629 

Beatty,  Marv 629 

Beatty,  Sarah 619,  623 

Bedortha,  Chloe 623 

Belford,  Ford 623 

Belknap,  Miss  E.  E..  615 

Bell,  Ella 618 

Bellman,  CharlesN..  622 

Bellman,  Emily 623 

Bellman,  Wm.  M..     622 


Page. 

Bengough,  Celia 618 

Benson,  Cora. 622 

Benson,  May 622 

Bennett,  Henry_.61I,  635 

Berdan,  Alice  .\. 622 

Berdan,  Anna 623 

Berdan,  Ida  M 621 

Berdan,  John 612,  634 

Berdan,  Julia  S 622 

Berdan,  .Mary  E 631 

Berdan,  Pamela 621 

Bergen,  Symmes  H..  625 
Bevier,  Lucy  W..621,  630 

Bickel,NelIie 623 

Biekel,  Winnie 623 

Bigelow,  Ada 619,  622 

Bigelow,  Oakalla 622 

Birckhead,  P.  H 635 

Bischoff,  Mr 617 

Bissell,  Ed..  Sr...612,  634 

Bi.ssell,  Fred.. ^.  634 

Bissell,  Harriet 617 

Bissell,  Herbert 623 

Bissell,  Henry  T 615 

Bissell,  Julia 615 

Bixby,  Sarah.. 619 

Black,  .Jennie 622 

Black,  Lottie 623 

Black,  Stella 622 

Blakeslee,  D.  G 6.3;B 

Blanchard,  Samuel  S., 
621,  634 

Blank,  Carrie 623 

Blass,   Minnie 622 

Bliss,   Ezra 624,  625 

Bliven,  Robert 624 

Blodgett,  J.  M 615 

Bluff,  Mary 625 

Boake,  Fannie 622 

Boake,  Gertrude...  622 
Bodette,  Geo.  H.  H..  621 

Bodley,  Belle 621 

Bodwell.   Florence..  623 

Boiee.  Emma 621 

Bond,  Addie 622 

Belles,  Wm.  W 620 

Bond.  Caroline 632 

Bond,  John  R...  614,  634 

Bond,  Louisa 619,  622 

Bond,  Maria  A 622 

Bond,  Marv. 621 

Bond.  Olivers 635 

Bortree,  .\lta 623 

Bostwick,  Luella  L..  622 

Brailey,  Anna  S 623 

Brainard.  Kate 622 

Bramwell,  Lillie 623 

Brayne,  Mary 622 

Breed,  Charles  H 621 

Breed,  Cvrus  W. 

615,  620,621,  624 

Brennau,  Maggie 619 

Brennan,  Mary 620 

Bridgman,  Frank...  623 
Brigham,  Chas.  O...  615 
Brigham,  OsheaS...  621 
Brigham,  CharlottleF.622 
Brigham,  Harriet...  617 
Brigham,  Mrs.  .S.  S..  617 

Brintnal,  Chas.  J 634 

Broer,  Bernhard  H..  625 

Brower,  Lettie. 628 

Brooks,  Margaret 617 

Brooks,  H.  E __  634 

Brown,  Allie  E 632 

Brown,  E.B 614 

Brown,  Ella  J 622 

Brown,  Emma  E 622 

Brown,  Emma  N 620 


Page. 

Brown,  Emma  V 621 

Brown,  Fred 623 

Brown,  Geo.  B 630 

Brown,  Harriet  A. 

619,  623 

Brown,  Irene 618,  621 

Brown,  Joseph   W..  614 

Brown,  Lizzie 622 

Brown,  Miss  S.  A...  617 

Brown.  Matthew 614 

Brown,  Mav 630,  622 

Brown.  .Mary  EttaM.  622 
Brown.  Minnie  B...  622 
Brown,  Moses  T.  617,  636 

Brown.  Oliver 620 

Brown,  T.  J 633 

Brown,  T.  P .  635 

Brown,    Vories  P 622 

Browne,   Ed.  F 624 

Brownlee,  Belle.  615,  621 

Brownlee,  James 624 

Brownlee,  Jennie 

618,  619,  621.  6.30 
Bruce,  Josephine. . .  630 
Bruksieker,  Amelia,  623 
Buck,  Mrs.  PI.ympton  630 
Buettner,  Huldah...  619 

Bump,   Jennie  L 62; 

Burbank,  Cora  L 622 

Burchfield,  Ada 620 

Burdick,  Jessie C 618 

Burgert,  M.  H 623 

Burns,  Alice  J 621 

Burnap,  Alice  B 622 

Burnap,  Lizzie 622 

CAHOON,  Martha,  618 
Caine,  Miss  E.  J.  617 

Calkin.  Wm.  A 634 

Calkins,  Marv  R 630 

Caldwell,  Eva 623 

Camp,  Stephen  H...  632 
Campbell,  Alice,  620,  622 

Campbell,  Julia 620 

Campbell,  Mart 630 

Campbell,  Mlttie 623 

Cannetr,  Susie..  620,622 

Caples.  J.  T 614 

Chadwick,  Susan 617 

Chadwiek,  W.  F.  S..  617 
Chamberlin,  Alice  S.  621 
Chamberlin,  Mary..  615 
Chamberlain,  Robert 

S 624,  6.35 

Chapin,  Alida  A 622 

Chapin,  James  E 622 

Chapman,  Frank:...  623 

Chase,  Harriet  G 621 

Chase,  John  A 617 

Chase,  Kittie  J 621 

Chase,  Mary  D 623 

Chase,  .Susan 617 

Cheney,  Carrie, 

615,  620,  621 

Cheney,  Ida  R 622 

Cheney,  RoswellJ..  615 
Cheney,  Mattie  E...  622 

Chesebro,   Chas 624 

ChoUett.  Marie 617 

Church,  Frank  H 621 

Card. CarrieM, 618,619,621 

Card,  Ida  A 622 

Card,  Julia  M.__  618,  621 
Carkener,  Julia  E...  618 
Carrington,Fannie  L.. 

620, 622 

Carson,  John  B 635 

Carr,  Jaocb 6.33 

Gary,  Grace 623 


Page.  Paae 

Case,  Byron 623    Crosby,  Abbie  F..      621 

Case,   Florence 623    Crcssman,  C.  S    615   617 

Case.  Jessie  L 622    Crowell,   P.  H  611 

Ca.se,  Sarah  621    Cranston,  Will'iam'."  622 

Case,  Wilham. 622    Crumbaugh,  Grace      618 

J^f  I'.'^y.  Bndget  619,  623    Cuddeback,  Alice       622 

Claflin,  Carrie 622    Cullv,   Jessie  623 

Caflin,  Jeannette...  622    Cunningham, Nettie  628 

•^lagg.  9 618    Cuni^^.   Delia..  620 

Cark,  Cora  A 622    Curtis.s,  Ilattie         "  621 

Cark,  Geo.  P 6.31    Curtis,  Ida  J..;"."""."  622 

Lark,  Ira  L 613,  6!4    Curtis.  Theo.  J.  .        624 

Clark,  Jacob....  612,  635  "' 

!;]'"'^  James  W 635    T-\AIBER,  Etha....  623 

Cark,  Lillian 622    U    Dallett,  Delia..  620 

Cark,  R.  P 618    Dallett,  Ella 622 

Chft,  Jennie.... 621    Dallett,  Joseph       """623 

Cober,  Laura-. _ 653    Dallett,  P^chel         "'623 

Cochran,  Alice 619    Dane,  N.  M  "618 

Coflinbury,  Andrew.  611     Daniels,  Mabel         ""  62;j 

Cone,  Mary.. 630    Daniels.  M.  H        '""  611 

Cone,  Thomas  ...  630  Danzy,  Carrie.. ..6i'8;  621 
Colby,  George  F.  Darling,  Ella.  621 

n  ,K      ^,'"\f  J;  '^■^3'  ^^^    Darling,  D.  H I  617 

Colby,  Mrs.  M.G....  617    Daning,  Henry..         611 

Cole,  Frank  E 622    Davis,  Ida        "         '"622 

Collins,  Frances  L__  615    Davis,  J.  B  6.34 

Collins,  Lucv  D.  615,  620    Davis,  Jessie  F 6"2 

Collins,  Sarah..  615,620    Davis,  Maude  623 

Cole,  William .622    Dawson,  Libbie  G  ..    621 

Collins.  M.  L....  613,  624    Dickerson.  E.  W  618 

Colton.  Abram   W,.  615    Dillon.  Aggie  623 

Colton,  Hamilton  C.  Dimick,  Helen 620 

616,624    Ditten  haver,  L '619 

Commager,  D,  H....  625    Dean,  Ella 618 

Commager,  Frank  G.  634  Dearborn,  Sarah  D  622 
Commager,  Sophie..  625  Deither.  Nettie—  623 
Compton,  H.  W.,  Devo,  Fannie  M      ""617 

616,  618,  625    Deiphev,  Eden  V  """  622 
Conant,   Horatio....  611    Deiphev,  John  P  622 

Cone,  N.  A 615    Dennis,"  John  624 

tone,  Calvin 629    Denison,  Mary  622 

Conliss,  Anna 622    Dennison,  .\lice'P       623 

Con  iss,  Anna  M....  620    Dennison,  Clara.. 620,623 

Con  isk,  Ella 619    Detwiler,  George  .    .621 

Conhsk,  Mildred....  623    Dewev,  Wm.  Fitch.    622 

Conlisk,  Millie 619    DeWolf,  D.  F....  614,  616 

Conrad,  Henry 625    DeWolf.EmmaM         621 

Consaul,  Ida 621    Dodd,  £.  S 612  634 

Converse,  W.  A.  C.  Donnellv.  Lillie    620,  622 

617,623,6.35    Dodge,  Charles 613 

Conway  Mary 621    Dodge,  Delia  F  .  .       617 

Cook,   Charles  H....  621    Dodge,  Fred.  B 635 

Cook,  Jennie. 623    Dodge,  Julia 618 

Cook,  John  G 61'    Dodge,  Minnie  .  622 

Cook,  Josephine....  630    Dorr,  Georgie....618,  621 

Cook,   Nellie 621    Dorr,  Almira....  617,  620 

Cooke,  Alice  A 633    Dorr,  Ella 618,621 

Cooke.  Josephine-...  622    Dorr,  Mvra  L  615 

Coon,   May 623    Dowd,  Jno.  W... 616,  631 

Cooper,  Jeannette  E.  632    Dowler,  Vesta  620 

Corl,  Harriet  M 622    Downev,  M.  T  620 

Corlett,  Louise..  619,  683  Doyle,  John  H.... 635,6.36 
Corlett,  Wm.  620,  623,  635    Draper,  Arthur  Q        621 

Corning,  Emily 617    Draper.  .Marv  H  621 

Cornish.  Wm.  C...  617  Drummond.  John  N.  635 
Cottrell,  Charles  A..  622    Duguid,  Lizzie  E        618 

Cox,  Charles  N 623    Dunlap,  Jennie  618 

Coy.  Charlotte  A 620    Dunlap.  Lauren  621 

Cozzens,  H.  G 634     Dunlap,  Mary  W  619,  622 

Crane,  Alden 621    Dunlap,  Thomas.613,  634 

Crane,  Amos  W..  615,  620    Durbin,  E.  A  635 

Crane,  David 612    Dustin,  Hattie..  620,623 

Crane,  Julia  E 622 

Crane,  O.  A 634    TpAGER,  W.  H....  630 

Crandall,  F.  M 617    Jli    Earl,  Harry  D..  621 

Cressey,  Mason.  616,  624  Eastman,  .\bbie  .  630 
Cronise,  Mabel..  619,  622  Eastman.  Martha.617, 625 
Cronlse,  Martha  M..  619    Eaton,  Caroline. .617,  623 


I 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


or.n 


F, ton  John  .Tr    (ilfi,"un     Fiey,  Ella ."bW  Uayes.LiHie iilS  Jaquot,  Mary  M.  '  Lendersoii.  Nellie...  to 

Iter  h,  Henry  ::^r,-«  Friedbnrg,   ncrman.  ca-.-  Hayes,  Mary  11 (141  ^     ,      „,       618,  Ov>0,  Kl  Lcouardso,.   A ftW 

E  ■kerTTmic  —  619,  643  FrleclburS,Martia.618,619  Hayes.  Orlin  S l«4  .Tenks,  Miss..             .      8  U'     s,  Ij ''"  B.  6g 

Ecker  Tina  e«i     Fulton,  .loliu  F tiSl  Haves,  Sadie,  618,  61il,  651  .lenuison,  .lessie  A ...  (iM  Lew  s,  Minnie  A  ....  682 

Iddv,'  Sas.  h"::     ;:  ess  FuUon  Josepl.  F.630,  U«  llea.l,'  EuReue, 6«  .Jermain,  Kiltie  W         22  '5'"Vn,ni"'l!.'?irii-6iA  §  J 

iri^;.  Afij;  F                 (it?  FiilliT     Ralhbun          621  Heim  ng,  L  zzie 62;i  .lerniain,  Sarah  1).618,61'J  l.illelnricl,  U;ellia.6I8.Bl» 

?w^-'n   1!     624  Katnoun  .— Oil  {jJ^J.'^g;^    Alex....  624  .T„hnson,Marietta.618,iil!l  I.illelim.l, Margaret  A,620 

Fe  s'Miss.rX::::::Bn  /-l  AI.VlN.EHaA.  Herman.   Ottillic...  61'l  .l„l,ns,m,  llattie  61(1,  6*i  l.illelund    Martha,.,  (rtl 

iwicston  ('has  (■       621  Vjr                        619,622  Hevu,  Olsja 629  .lohnaton,  .lolin  L.  Uoyil,  !■  ranees 823 

Egge        iVnimm':*)-"  GiUvin,  Mary  E..618;  621  Hibbard,  J..     m                           620, 68),  635  LoeVe      olMn»on....  Oil 

?ll!&^^?f^!^::m  ?:^X^i.^^M,^  ^i^^sr^v.^    ;;;;S;}lSM:;«iK  ij  f^ilk^Mi^:::::;::::  | 
lir ?S^ ^^!-:: Ji?  ^^l^-^^-^  l^lll;c^:s;;624;62.,|  t;^S:|;r-^^^     g:^15^5^n^.nds::| 

Elson,T.H 635  Gassaway.  Maggie...  622  gill.  Mi>^\J'- A «"  .I„ne.s,Wm.  W W5  ■''   '•  AJ^    ,^ «] 

Fitinir   I  N  635  Geelan   El  a t32n  Hi   ,  Marion  E Iilil  .,,,  i.on.  a  on/o  .i. o*i 

Embr^ie,  Sally-J".:::::  "7  gITu,  Kate 520  Hili;  Sophie.  ...  615,  625  17  A  W-Hl--'-   .'••>'"«:«  -»™.    "'j"^,- ^- '^ 

K  gelhardt,  Elmer..  622  Gerkins.  Lizzie 62:3  Hillenkamp,  C b  IV     kahlo,  llei  r      ,.«  L     e    Isabel  t 8g 

i-rit^ht  Fannie  622  Geroe  William 621  Hirth,   Anna 61»  Keteliain,  Mrs.  David  (hW  l,o\e.  bnsie... .......  HS» 

[;       ,^   n.^I^pM  """    fits  GerHek   I  avid  634  Hirth.  J.  S  1118  Keteham,  Anna 622  Lownsbury,  Angle    .  628 

F   s  Sa  &imh  C   "■""  G^  cffforf'  Grace '.  fi23  5  r       Marv  P...  618,  BUI  Kelellam,  tielen  A  ..  621  Loivnspnry.  L.  S.-SW-Wl 

FrwftT's   D         m  G  lb«-t  Luella  .  622  HiKheoek.Edward  B.  (122  Keteham,  V.  11—     .  «34  ,owiisbury,Mary  K..  6  2 

Eva  "'John 6  G    ber  !  IHssS.N  ...  61T  Hitelu-k,  .Miss  J.  A.  617  Keteham,  Walter  I  .  62  Lownslmry  Miss  h     817 

Eva  s'  Kobert frS        i  clir  st,  Katie 621  Hiteheoek,  MissrJ.  C.  618  Keteham,  Wi  .not  A.    22  Luce,  Carrie  &-.. 618,621 

Evarts    Mi^sW 617  Gchrist,  Maggie  S.  Hiiehcoek,  Laura....  623  Keeler,  Amelia  E....  617  Uiee.  f-Ha  fc Wl 

Fw  ng    \lex  H"lr     62  ^""'"- ''       ^^    621,6.30  Hiteheoek,  Rev.  Wm  617  Keeler,  Arthur .21  Luee,  Hatlie  L 621 

h«ing,  Alex.H.,jr..  «i  Xettie  G...:  623  Hottman,  Agnes.  618,  621  Keeler,  C.  I.,  Jr 12  Luee,  ha.  le. 8^ 

FAIRBVNKS  \  W634  Gilraan  Edward.  ....'634  Hoffman  Fimnie....  621  Keeler.  Giva 02.3  Lull,  .lulia  A.. ...  bK 

Fairchildnarissa"*  GinS  P   M         633  Hoffman    Gisella....  622  Keen,  I'erry 622  Uingrcn  Virginia...  ^ 

FahneJfook  Camillus'"  guJ^ey:  Josephine..  622  Hoftnian,  Jennie....  611  K«'n.  W      am ^  Lyman.  John 680 

F^^ihi^3.;a-|  Sg;|il:::;      BSB^^  ^B^^  M?^-^^B 

FeatheWtone.  Jessie   ^^^  Gorri.l  .^  A -_.....  630  Hombe^er,  Clara  E  |l-  fe::"":    ||^r  %sie '610 

Featherstone,Mary..  623  Granger,  Belle  622  Hone,  Minnie  H 22  King,  Fnmk  l----^^^    »  ,<;  j  f^;  ij^;^;;:^,  Z 

Featherstone,Sad.e^  ^^^  Grange.^ph  A  ..  6_2  ";-  ■  r-|^-,J,-g^  |  |  111!  |S,,ise:.J....'6..    M^}.;).- JClla  W....  62. 

Fenneberg,Emma.:620  Graves    C.P 617  Hurniel,  Susie    .  61«,  623  King.  Nettie .6  5    ^cK  an  e     0.    ...  w» 

Ferris,  Kdward 623  Graves,  Miss  S  S 618  Horton,  Amelia.....  6.30  K  nnes,  .3,  K    617    J  ^:i'>  ."^^^    "Xggie...  681 

Fey,  Louise 622  Gregory,  Edna 621  Hosmer,  IL  L 6  5  ^.  r*-.  J^d--^ ^||    JeLai,,,  l-a"me.....  620 

ilii  iSi^=i  HPi  WSm  iili 

l^.^^:J;^.^  Hj^-'ri^clil^  lE^I-"'--      m^^^l:-:^  ^^:^:^^^'^ 

Fiteh,  Herbert 622     Hulbaeh-   Minnie....  bl9     How^l  •  ^'!e°^'''"^- ^t;     v°"'wm 6.34    Maegregor.  Tracy....  623 

l^aS;-Jr::::::g  gM?^-::::::|  »"il"--      BBt^'E^  ^(t^A.h^:^ 
^llSS;Se:::;:::J^l  g;;ll;^|SA:;::;:::|  ~i:M^eti:S?^  B^};^.'----^  ^!^.l^:^^::::'!'':^ 

Fitzgerald,  Margaret  Hal,   Muin.  J..----.  6|  Hubbard^  L.^^^-^.  1^   ^-'-i^V  llli  Jtt' ^lil^i::;:::  ^^ 

Flagg;  Susan  P..  621,630  Hamhlin  Charles....  624  Huber,  Jennie.,.    .  >2.3  ^om,  ak,  1.  R  ..  61N  620  Jj'^^^'f^^  j"'£i£bie.... 

Flanagan,  Nellie  ....6-'3  Hamilton,  E  ----636  Huffman  Francis  M   621  I^;.'"  f 'lVhx  M .  6-^',  6.30  Ma nv,  S.  W 622 

FlanuiBau,Eleam:r..  620  Hamilton,  Lvaudor.- 6  J4  guh,  Ira  k...  62.3  ^ras,  Laura  i.         ,     .  jj     ,;     ,,„„esU im 

Fleet  Anna     621  Hamilton,  J.  K 635  Humphre>  .   Lizzie..  626      Kra  is,  l.ena Marker  Nettie. -.620,  623 

F  eming,  Ola  M..62O,  622  Hamilton,Kate  A.62  ,621  Hunker  -Andrew  H..  621  ^™^''.^"'ji';,ii-v;e  F  622  M-h  'Florence.... J  685 

Flint,  Belle 621  Hamilton,  Maggie  E.  6  8  Hunker,  John  J.,  KrJuger  ENe       620,622  Mar.sh   Newton 685 

Forbk  Kittie  DeF..  622  Hamm.    Mabel -623  »   T=.„;„,t"^- ''*' 603  Kruse    \nt^ a        .-..- 619  Mar.slml,  Sarah 615 

Fockens,  Nellie 619  Hammell,  Belle.          61.,     Hunt,  Eli?"    6-3  ^["^^^'p^Siun      ..  621  Martin,  Myron 688 

Folev,  Mrs.  J.  S 619  Hammond.  Sarah...  621  Hunt,  Eloise  P....  622  >  "5^' V '',"            621  629  Marvin,  Miss  M.  N...  617 

Folev    SarahJ......618  Hamlyn,  J.-hu, 623  """  <=^'  M>^^^  L...  6  8  ^  «Sg. 'lo  in      - -6^^^^^^  M  «   lietty 62» 

Folger,  Miss  S.  R.618,  619  Hampton,  Minnie....  615  Hunter,  Miss  H.  b...  61  ^\^'^^f'  '{^^,^,,,^  r.  p.-aa  Marx, Clara 6SS 

Ford,  Laura  A  622  Hanks.  Ella    A 620  Hunter    Ida  ette.     62.  ^  ?''^*-^,;,J[,;;;'r...- 622  Marx  Elizabeth  E...  622 

Ford   Louise 622  Hannin,  M    A. 620  Hunt,  Isabella  Row.  Kmc,  L  yuor  l,                             ^^^^ 

Forsythe,    Charlotte  Harberger,  Clara....  630        eiia  622     Klolz,.Mar> Marx  (iuido 683 

F              ..617,618,630  Harding.  Grace 62,5  Hauler,  Julia.      ....  biu  .mpmast  d    e   622  Marx,  July  M 618 

Forsvth",Geo.Duncaii,  HarmoS.  Isabella....  615  gnu  ington,    Ce  la..  6  8  T  Yampman,  Cier-  Ma  x  Otto 628 

616,620,6i3  Harnett,  Ezra 630  Huntington, Elijah- 611  iJ  Lampman,           ^^j  j,„„  giephanie 628 

Forsvth,HenryA.615,620  Harnit,  Fanny.,  619,  62:3  HufV"?' ^J^'^J^ert"  618  Lampman'Mabel....  622  Masters.  Albert 882 

Forsyth   xMarian.  618, 620  Harnit,  George  S.    .  622  Huch.son    Herbert   618  J;*^^^'*"  ,  'i\('^,....  ,i:j4  Mau,  F.  C,  c 61it 

Forv.Jno.  C -..634  Harrington,  Philinda 617  Hutchison.NormanLblJ     Lambcrt.^jj.^    i_ ^.^.^  j,„j.;.r,  A„,ert 619 

Foster,  R.K.,Jr  ....634  Harris,  A.  C  621  ^_„„„„„pp  ,     ,    a,f^     T„n|' Kosa 619  Mayer,  Mrs.  Anna  C.  620 

Foster,  Watson 617  Harris,  James 624  JBERSHOrF  l  A- 6  8  l^au|,  ^o.J,  .        ^     ^^^  Mafker,  Minnie 8M 

Foulkes,  Frank  P  -.621  Hams.  Wm  H- 61.  ;»-  "'S'^™^,'  „  ,     ^  ^in  larimore   Eugene...  622  Meissner,  Ernest....  628 

Frankenberger,  Hattie:  ^  Hasty,  Emer^ul.^^  ^^  J^- !a^l  l:::;- iSl^  ££' ^S^a  ^''  51;:^;^,^!;!:.::::::^ 

Frankenberger,  Mary  Hathaway,  Julia  S..  617  _.  ,„..^nx.  »,,„,„  rJO  '              621,  ea.'i  MeI.er,  .lennie  ....     680 

C              622  Haviland,    Charles..  623  T'^'^V  ,,'ii.^,.',?r,i   n3^  I  aurence  Mi'ss  _-    .  617  Metier,  Mattie  ..  618, 680 

Fra;.e-r',"May  C  ....  .62:3  Haviland,  Fred 622  t^  J'''*'*"^'^^^^^^^  La  rMar'yK. .."...  618    Mei/ger,  I.ouis 6^ 

Fraser  Spencer  L.621,6ai  Havi  and,  Susie 623  Jj«^^°°' };^J"™' ■''•  eia     Lav  .m.  Belle 62:3    Meyers,  Emma 620 

Freeman:  Eva 621  Haviland,  William..  622     Ja^^^"°.  \^°'eo bj^  ^   „iai  ,  Agnes  E...  617    Millard  Clara 6-M 

Freeman;  George  L..  622  Hay,    Clara ...62.3     Jackson,  W.  fe^ 630      ^^      »^^      |,^ gofl  Millard,  Irwin      ....  623 

Freeman,  Jno.P.61.3,  624  Hayes,  Ada 623     J  ^^^""^  Jj  •  ' l^  Lenderson    E.  W....  629  Millard,  Ha  ph  H....  681 

Freeman,  Sophie.618, 620  Hayes,  Ella,.      ....  619     J  ^"^ '!''«•"»/> ^^3     Lenderson   Kate 622    Millikeu,  W.  F 683 

French,  Ella 619  Hayes,  Jennie  U.  619,  022  tHaiie».  ™a°i'« "■"' 


954 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


Pa(je. 

Miller,  Harris 621 

Miller,  Lillie 621 

Mills,  George  S 633 

'  Mills,  Helen  h 618 

Miner,  Abby  E 617 

Minor,  .\m6s 616,  624 

Miner, Emma.- 619 

Miner,  Josie 619,623 

Miner,  Riindolph 621 

Minot,  Harriet  E (.17 

Mitcliell,  John 617 

Mitchell,  Sallie  621 

Moellenberg,  Minnie  622 
Montgomery,Frances  617 
Montgomery,  Jas.  L.  621 
Montgomery .StellaV.  622 

Morton,  Amelia 621 

Mooney,  D 624 

Mooney,  Ella....  619,  622 

Mooney,  Lillie 621 

Moore,  Charles 621 

Moore,  Esther 615 

Moore,  Frank 623 

Moore,  Kate  Alida  ..  622 

Moore,  Maria 618 

Moore,  S 634 

Morgan,  Carrie 623 

Morook,  Hattie.-  620,  623 

Morris,  Clarence 624 

Morse,  Anna 620,  622 

Morton,  Amelia 618 

Morton,  Daniel  O 6.34 

Morton,  Mary 621 

Mott,  Cannie 630 

Mott,  Mario 617 

Mott,  Thomas  B 615 

Mulholland,  Sarah  ..  618 

Murphy,  Ellen  615 

Murphy, Hannah...    619 

Murphy,  Wni 6'^ 

Murray,  Anna..  619,  621 

Myers,  Emma 622 

Myers,  James 634 

NEELEY,  Minnie  B. 
618 

Nelson,  CoraL 617 

Nelson,  Mi.ss  S.  C.       617 

Ne.ssle,  Ada  C 621 

Neubert,  Henry  G  ..  623 

Newton,  Mrs.  J.  T 630 

Newman,  Lewis  E  . .  622 
Nichola,s.  Anna  E.619,630 
Nieholas.Antoinette.  630 
Nicholas,  Ellen  A. 618,619 
Nicholson,  Lucy  M  618 
Nightingale,  Crawford, 

634 
Nitschke,  Anna  J. 620,622 
Norman  ton,  Anna.619,623 
Norman  ton, Emily619,623 

Nort,  Grace 622 

Norton,  Carrie  W 622 

Norton,  Douglas 622 

Norton,  Jennie 621 

Norton,  Elijah  H 635 

Norton,  Emily  L  ..     618 

O'BRIEN,    Lottie.  619 
Orlell,  Anna...  622 

Odell,  Miss  E.  L 6,7 

Odell,  Luella 620  622 

O'Hara,  D.  J _  633 

Olds,  Flora  E 621 

Opitz,  Rynehold,  621,  625 
Orcutt,    Ada  F  .  615,  620 

Orwig,  Cora 620 

Osbon,    Grace 621 

Osborn,  Ralph. 616,620,624 

•  iswaM,  Charles 623 

Otis,  Alice.. 622 

Ott,  Mary  F '618 

Otten,  Margaret 618 

Owens.  R.  A... 630 

PALMER,  Andrew  634 
Palmer,   A.  B     617 

Palmer,  Paul  B 621 

Palmer,   Peter 634 

Palmer,   Wesley  C— .  621 

Parker,  .\nna 623 

Parker,  Emily 623 

Parker,  Wm.  E 618 

Parmelee,  Emma.  6''5 
Parmelee,   Laura  A.. 

615,  620,  023 
Parmelee,  Myron  H., 

621,  623 
Parmelee,OUve  L.617,  620 
Parmelee,OrphaE,61S,621 

Parsons,  Edward 622 

Parsons,    Wm.  H 622 

Patterson,  Miss  A.A.  617 

Pease,   Don  A H17 

Peck,  Fannie,  618,619,  621 


Page. 

Peck,  Hattie  S ..621 

Peck,  Miss  J.  M 612 

Peck,  Lizzie 621 

Pelton,  Dwight  A....  621 

Perkins,   Geo.  R 634 

Perrine,  H.  C 618 

Perry.  Edward  C...  621 

Perry,  George 622 

Perry,  Harriet  E 622 

Petit,  Marie 619 

Pfauuer.  Jacob 624 

Phea't,  Charles 623 

Pheatt,  Minnie 623 

Pheatt.Zebulon  C.612,623 

Phelps,  EllaS 621 

Phillips,  C.  B.. 614 

Phillips,  Ada  R 622 

Phillips,   Chas.  B....  634 

Phillips,  Mary 622 

Pickett,  Mary... 619 

Pierce,  H.  D.. 625 

Pitts,  Caroline  A 614 

Piatt,  Carrie  E 621 

Piatt,  Augusta 617 

Piatt,  Harvey  P 635 

Piatt,  .lessie.. Hi 

Piatt,  R.  P 619 

Poag,  John 6.34 

Pom  eroy,  Mary  K.  621,623 

Porter,   Eli.jah- 634 

Potter,  Abraham 634 

Potter,  E.  D 615 

Potter,  Emery  D.  Jr., 

"615,  620,  623 

Powell,   Emma 629 

Pratt,  Anna 622 

Pratt,  Henry  S 622 

Pratt,  Mary  J, 62:3 

Pratt,   Olive  C 522 

Prue,  Charles    A 622 

Pugh,  Alice 619 

Purney,  Jessie 623 

RADBONE,  Anna 
619,  623 

Raines,  C.  H... 624 

Raitz,  Laura.   623 

Ramsey,  Dr.  W  633 

Rawsou,  Nellie  B 633 

Raymond,  Erwin  P..  621 

Raymond,  Henry 624 

Raymond,  John.....  623 

Raymond,  Lottie 622 

Raymond,  S.  .-V 634 

Raymond,  Wm.  H...  630 

Reeve,  Nathan 63.'i 

Redding,  Minnie.619,  623 
Reed,   Adele  ...  616 

Reed,  Frederick  G...  621 

Reed,  Henry __  611 

Remelsbecker,  Irene, 

620,  623 
Reynolds,  George  A.  622 

Rhodes,  Lewis  E 622 

Rieards,  Linda 619 

Richards,  Millard  E.  621 
Richardson,  Burdge.  623 
Richardson,  Judd...  623 
Richardson,  Stella...  623 
Richardson,  W.  N.„  6.34 
Richmond,  Mrs.  A.     617 

Rickley,  S.  S 627 

Ridenour,  Amanda..  621 
Ridenour,  George  ...  622 
Ridenour,  Jessie  F,.  621 

Rike,  JohnC 625 

Riley.  Mary 620 

Rimell,  Mary ._  621 

Ritchie,  Ada  M., 

618,  619,  621 
Ritchie,  Byron  F.. 621  633 
Robbins,  Lticv  R.618,  630 
Robinson,  Ro.xana      1122 

Roe,  .Sylvia 61" 

Roemer,  Belle 621 

RofE,  Chas.  B 6.35 

Rogers,  Alonzo 629 

Rogers,  Carl 623 

Rogers,  George 622 

Eogers,  MarvS 621 

Rogers,  Roniavne  R.  624 
Holland.  Alice  C. .       622 

Rolland.EllaM 622 

Roller,  Carrie 631 

Rollund.  Helen 620 

Rood,  Prentice 622 

Rood.  Mary.  ...  619,  622 
Rosenthal.  Dora. 620,  623 

Rouse,  George  E 622 

Rouse,  Henry  E 622 

Roulet,  Charles 623 

Rowe,    Mary 618 

Rowland,  Fanny 615 


Page. 

Eundell,  Fred 622 

Russell,  Jennie 622 

SARGENT,  Emma  620 
Sargent,  Lottie.  620 

Sawyer,  Carrie  M 622 

Sawyer,  Elizabeth  E.  621 

Sawyer.  Libbie 633 

Sawyer,  Theo. 616,624,635 

Schaal.  Lutie 62.3 

Schenek,  Ellen 617 

Schiller,  Lizzie..  619,  622 
Sihmuck,  Therese  ..  616 
Schnetzler,  Kate  M..  622 
Schrender,  Augusta..  619 

Sehurtz,  Jennie 621 

Schuyler,  A. 633 

Scott,  .\nnie 622 

Scott,  Charles  I. 

613,  617,  634 

Scott,  Cora __  625 

Scott,  Eva  M 622 

Scott,  Frank  A 621 

Scott,  Frank  J..  6)5,630 

Scott,  J.  Austin 615 

Scott,  Mrs.  J.  Austin,  615 
Scott,  Jessup  W..611,  630 

Scott,  Julia 625 

Scott,  Maurice  630 

Scott,  S.  B..  612,624,634 

Scott,  Wm.  H 630,  636 

Scribner,  Josie  D 622 

Seagrave,  A.  R 630 

Seagrave,  F.  E 629 

Secor,  Arthur  J 621 

Secor,  Sarah 617 

Segur,  Daniel  ...613,634 

Segnr,  Fannie.. 621 

Seller,  Catherine 619 

Sellerey,  Fannie  J  ..  622 

Sharkey,  Delia 630 

Sharkey,  M 619 

Shaw,  b.  C 633 

Shaw,  Jennie 631 

Shaw,  PeterH 612.631 

Sliaw,  Vf.  D 617 

Sheahan,  Kate 623 

Sheahan,  Lizzie 619 

Shepard,  Evelvu  A. 

615,  621 

Shepard.  J.  D... 634 

Sherring,  Kate 617 

.Sherwood,  James  B..  622 

Sherwood,  Nora 632 

Shoemaker,  Mary  B  .  621 
Shoemaker,  Fred.  B.  634 
Shoemaker,  Matthew  629 

Shoemaker.  Kate 615 

Shurtz,  Harriet  E 6;l 

Sinclair,  John  6.35 

Sizer,  Miss  L  615 

Skeldon,  Grace  ..630,  623 

Slevin,  Alice 622 

SUvin,  Clara 621 

Slevin,  Will 6-'3 

Sloan,  Julia  .\ 617 

Smart,  .Tames  H 618 

Smart,  Stephen 618 

Smead,  Caroline  L  ..  624 

Smead,  Marian _  624 

Smeiid,  Mary  E. 624 

Smith,  Augusta 618 

Smith,  Barton    ...  __  625 

Smith.  David 624 

Smith,  D.  B 614,  635 

Smith,  Edna 6v8 

Smith,  (Jertrude 615 

Smith,  Julia 621 

Smith,  Julia  A 622 

Smith.  Jennie 631 

Smith,  Leonora  E  ..  622 

Smith,  Maria 618 

Smith,  Marion 623 

Smith,  .Mnry 621 

Smith,  Mary  L 622 

Smith,  Sarah 618,  630 

Smith,  Thomas  J 621 

Smith,  Will 623 

Smith,  W.  A  633 

Smith,  W.  H  H. 

615,  620,  633,  635 
.Smith,  William  K  621 
Smyth  Anson,6n,615,617 

Snell.  Andrew  J  621 

Snell,  Levi 612,  631 

Snow,  May 620 

Snyder,  Alice 621 

Southard,  Alta 622 

Southard,  Carrie  D..  621 
Southard,  Eleanor  ..  621 

Southard,  Elisha 622 

Southard,  Elizabeth, 

618,  620 


Page, 

Southard,  Emily 618 

Southard,  Prank  E  .  623 

Southworth,  B.  P 6.33 

Spear,  S.  A 633 

Spencer,  Charles  S  ..621 
Spencer,  Eliza  M.620,  623 
Spencer,  Geo  P.. 620  624 
Spielbusch,  Clara  619,622 

Spink,  John  C 611 

Sprague,  Hattie 631 

Springer.  Emily. .615, 620 

Squire,  Joab 635 

Squires,  George 622 

Stainthorpe,Grace620,623 

Stebbins.  A.  T  629 

Steele.  Alice  J 621 

Steele,CharlotteA.615,620 

Steele,  Dennison 613 

Steele,  Julia  A  ..  615,  620 
Stem.  Arthur  M  ...  6.30 
Stephau,  Louise  E  ..  621 

Stern,  Jennie 621 

Stevens.  Albert 615 

Stevens,  Andrew 6.34 

Stevens,  Chas.  N 624 

Stevens,  Lucy  lA 617 

Stevens,  Oliver 612 

Stewart,  Ella  May  ..  622 

Stewart, Jennie 622 

Stiles,  .Samuel  C 635 

St.  John,  Eva 630 

St.  John,  Sarah 617 

Stock. Minnie 621 

Storne,  Lewis  E 6-'2 

Storrs,  Miss  H.  F 617 

Stowe,  Alfred 613 

Stowe,  Roswell 613 

Streeter,  R.  M....618,  630 

Strong.  Hazael 611 

Sullivan,  Kate. ^..620,  633 
Sumner,  Mattie  L  ...  618 
Suydam,  Henry  H  ..  632 

Swain,  Luella 622 

Swain,  Mary  E 617 

Swift,  Anna  E 615 

Swift,  C.  J....620,  624,  635 

Swift,  Dauiel 613 

Swigart,  Kate 623 

TALMADGE,  Elliott 
623 

Tanner,  Frank  H 621 

Tanner,  Julia 623 

Taylor,  H.  Burton, 

615,  621,  634 

Taylor,  .\nna 623 

Taylor,  Ella 618,  024 

Taylor,  Emma  M 619 

Taylor.  Libbie 622 

Telford,  Mattie 619 

Temple,  Thomas 625 

Thomas,   E.  D 617 

Thom]>son,  .-Vdelia..  618 
ThorDragger,Panline,619 

Thorp,  Mrs 619 

Thrif^t,  Lilly 623 

Thurstin,  Wesley  S.  625 

Tiedike,   Kate...' 620 

Tiropauy,  Flora 620 

Timpanv,  Janet 620 

Tilrteu,   M.  H 634 

Tillinghast,  Jay 622 

Tinker.  Emma  J 621 

Titus,  Anna 617.  618 

Titus,  Augusta 618 

Titus,  J.  A 634 

Titus,  Miss  M.  C 617 

Tolman,    Mary 617 

Tourtillotte,  E'lla  M.  631 

Tracy,  Frank 623 

Trost,  George 623 

Trowbridge,  Ella  E..  622 
Trowbridge.  Marietta  622 

Tupper.  Mary  E 617 

Turner,  Ml.ss.S.  S 617 

Twitchell,  Myron  h.  618 
T.vler,  Rachel 615,  620 

UHL.  John  B 623 
Chi,  Joseph...  623 
Underwood,  Abbie  R  621 

VALENTINE,  Hattie 
62:s 
Valentine,  Minnie..  623 
Vallette,  Jennie,  620,  623 

Vogel,   John  621 

Vogel.  Joshua  F 621 

Vogel,  Will 622 

Vogel.  Lucy  Janet...  623 
Vordtriede",  Henry  C.  622 
Vordtriede,  Julius...  617 


Page. 

WACHENHEIMER. 
Gertie,  632 
Wachenheimer,    Ly- 
man W '..  633 

Wachter,  Harry 623 

Wadsworth,   Decius, 

613.  624 
Waggoner,  Carrie  R., 

61.5,  625 
Waggoner,M.EIla618,  621 
Waggoner,RalphH624,635 
Wagner,  Alice  ...62:3,  1.29 

Waite,  Alberts 623 

Waite,  Alice...  ,.       62:3 

Waite,  Ed.  T 616 

Waite,  George 633 

Waite,  Geo.  S B.33 

Waite,John  A.620,622,634 

Waite,  Mary 633 

Waite,  Richard 635 

Waite,  Perry ..  6J2 

Waite.  Warren  S 615 

Walbridge,  Carrie  ..  621 
Walbridge,  Hiram. ..  6:34 
AVal  bridge,  H.  B...  614 
Walbridge,  Thos.  H.  621 
Walbridge,  W.  Hunt, 

615,  620,  634 

Wales,  Alida  W 633 

Wales,  Andrew  J., 

616.  620,  634 

Waldron,   Mrs.  S 633 

Walker,   Anna 619 

Waltz,  D.  F 617 

Warner,  Katie  B 622 

Warner,  William  620,623 
Warren,  Halbut  R...  622 

Wa.son,  Robert  A 635 

Waterman.  Neh 6:35 

Watson,  Harriet 617 

Watson,  Sophie. .615,620 

Weaver,  W.W 633 

Webb,   John 611 

Weber,  Anna  R 622 

Week,  Hattie 622 

Welch,  Mrs  __  619 

Wclker.  Katy 629 

Welker.  Phifip  ..        621 

Wells,  Maria  B 617 

West,  A.  B 617,6:33 

West,  C.  D 617 

West,  Charles  W 622 

West,    Jessie 623 

West,  Miss  M.  E 618 

West,  Mary  E 617,  B22 

West,  William  P 622 

Westcott,  Nellie 620 

Wheeler,  Sarah  621 

Wheelock,  Addie 6:3ii 

Wheelock,  Alim 622 

Whitaker,  Chas.  H...  621 

Whitaker,  Ella 631 

White,   Addison 629 

White,  Miss  J.. 6  8 

White,  Jennie 617 

White,  Mary  J 617 

White,  Dr.  O.scar 633 

Whitney,  Caroline  ._  617 
Whitney,  Charles  O.  621 
Whitney,  Daisy......  6-.;3 

Whitney  Eliza  M...  621 
Whitney,  James  M..  (ill 
Whitney,  Laura. .6.'0.i 23 
Whitney,  Mvrtie.619, 62:3 

Whitton,  Nettie (i22 

Wiedeman.  Marv 620 

Wilcox,  Mary  J."...  621 
Wilcox,  Ophelia  O...  622 

Wilcox,  Theo 619 

Wilhelm,  Henry  W..  623 

Wiley,  Belle 618 

Willey,  Austin 6i:3 

Williams,    E ...624 

Williams,  Jennette..  620 

Williams,  Jessie 618 

Williams,  Josephine  A.. 

621,  625 
Williams.  Libbie  C  629 

Williams,   Laura 617 

William.s,   L\raV...632 

Williams,  Mary 625 

Williams    Nettie 623 

William.s.Rebecca  621.6.30 

Williams,    Sibvl 621 

Williams,  Mrs.S.R.L.  6:30 

Williams,  Tniie 621 

Williams  Wm.  W...  615 
Williamson,  C    H'...633 

Wilson,    Eva  M 623 

Wilson.   H.  G    634 

Wolcott,  J 6-'4 

Wollert,  August 629 

Wood,  A.  H 624 


INDIVIVVAL  INDKX. 


Page. 

Woo.1,  FanuyH til7 

Wood,  H.  L 63^ 

■.Vood,  Jessie 5.. 

Wood,  SueC    «1 

Woodcox,  B.  B--.-.bH 
Woodin,  Sylvia  v.- oa- 
Woodniff,  Mnna  A..  (i21 
Woodruff,  Miiria..--  W5 
Woodruff,  Panii-Ua  -  l>lc 


Wood? 

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Writiht, 

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Wright 

Wright 

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Page. 

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•orth,  Alice  P.  0'^ 
,  Carrie  H.617,  &i 

Harriet Ml 

Lucy  S.  619,  li21 

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„  Milbourn  S-  Ii22 

,.  Sarab -  I'lS 

I,  Anna..  619,  623 


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Wuertul.Uirl b^S 

Wvlie,  Belle 'ij' 

Wvlie,  .Teiinie '■>''• 

Wylie,  MaryE K2 

Wvlie,  Mattie J21 

Wyiin,  Norma »•«" 

YARDLEY,  Aunie  E 
621 


Yardley,  Sarah. ../.°«|   Yo.mg, 
YouiiK,  Alex....  1116.  W 
Young,  AlieeG »;-« 

Yonnj;,  Belle  W Ml 

Youni;,  Ella «« 

Young,  .lames hi.> 

Young,  ^•"■■y— ;— -^,i 
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Barber,  Jason  A o~i 

Bartley,T,  W 523 

Barnes,  Silas ou 

Barton,  R.W --522 

Bassett,  E.  P 519 

Beard,  E.   M 522 

Beard,  P.  C 522 

Beekham,  Carl—---  522 
Beckwith.  Ueorge  H.  521 

Belford,  Irviu 

Beuuett,  Henry 

Bishop,  J.  P 

BisseH,  Edward 

Bissell,  Ed..  Jr 

Bissell.H.  T 

Hoalt.   C.  L... 

Bolton,   Thos 

Bowen,  Ozias     

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Brown,  Benj.  S 

Brown,  Clarence 

Brown,  James  M 581 

Brumback,  0.  S 521 

Bunker,  H.  S 522 

Bunn,  Charles -^i 

Burke,  Stephenson..  o23 

CADWELL,  Darius  523 
Calder,  J.  K....  522 

Caldwell,  W.B 523 

Card,  Piatt 514 

Carpenter,  Clement.  522 

Carpenter,  J.  S 523 

Carter,  Wm 

Clark,  A.  G 

Clark,  Hiram- 
Clark,  Thos... - 

Chase,  J.  ii 

Chase,   S.  P.... 
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Cochran,  B.  H 

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Daniels,  W.  J..  513 

Davis,  J.    Baron J™ 

Dav,  Luther 5--3 

DeMott,  Allison 5id 

De  Witt.  J.L 515 

DilKart,  Henry 513 

Dodd,  E.  S 522 

Dodse,  Chas 519 

Dodge,  F.  B..-. 522 

Don?  CM -..-519 

Dovle,  J.  H 515,  -528 

Po'vle,  M.  B 520 

Draper,  Luke 513 

Dunlap,  Thos 52i 


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INGEUSOLL,  J.  E-  523 
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Jones.  F.  A 519 

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NEWTON,Ebcn..-522 
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Ford,  J.  D 

Ford,S.  A 

Forsyth.  R.  A. 

France,  G.  F - 

French,  J.  J 5'5 

Ftdler,  Rathbun....  523 

C-1EDDES,  F.  L-.-.  623 
y     Geer.B.  T 623 

Gnagv,  Jacob  513 

Gorrill,  Wra.  H 520 

Greene,  J.  L- 515 

Greer,  J.  T- 522 

HALL,  Alraon 522 
Hall.W.H 519 

Hamilton,  E.  T 523 

Hamilton,  J  K  .- 

Hanahan,  P 

Harmon,  Gilbert 

Harris.  -A..  C 

Harris,  Wm.  H  .. 
Harrington,  Nat 

g?J?Ss'6^R.blH;^2,631 

Hiett.  E.  R  -.- 622 

Higgins,  David 51.1 

Higgins,  M.O -  5-U 

Hill,  A  S i;vH- 

Hill,  C.W 514,629 

Hippell,  J 522 


■f2^EELER,  Coleman  I 

Kent,  Charles... -514,  522 

Kent,  Charles  E 522 

King,  Harry  E 522 

Kinney,  G.  W       -  ..  622 
Kirby,  George  P....  622 

Knisely,  Isaac  B  -—5" 

Kohn,  Samuel  522 

Kumler,  J.  F 522 


Tiuirstiu,  •'"'>™»V,;v  %s!^ 

Thiirstiii,  W.  b.-52»,  ..i- 
■l'ildeii,M.ll  .   • 
Tolerton,  E.  "  ■ 
'I  racy,  T.  S..-.- 
Tucker.W.  11.. 


,14,  51K 

.521,  '^ 

..  .522 

522 


u 


PSON.Wm.  n.--523 


ANE,  Ebenczer..  623 
515 
522 


.  522 
.  522 
.522 
.  620 
.5-22 
.  ,522 
.  522 


J    Lane,  W.  G-..  515 
Lang,  A.  E  ... 

Latimer,  P.  E _ 

Lee,  Henry  E =-;' 

Lee,  IraE. .---  »-- 

Lee,  John  C...... 522,  6^4 

Lemmon,  C.H 52 

Lemmon,.l.M  ....-- 515 
Lemmon,  R.C.- 515,531 

Lewis  C.  T     .^ 521 

LivermorcR  W-.-520 

Lownsbury.  L.  S  ....  Rj* 
Lockwood,W.  F. 515 

McBAINE.  Daniel  519 
McClnrc,  S.  W  .5-2 

McDonnell, T.J ^22 

McGahan.  P.  A w. 

McIntosh,.Angus...-  520 

McKee,  R.  M      "" 

McKimm.  J.  W 530 

McKinney.  Henry  ..  52.1 


K 62-2 

52;! 
Pennewcll.   C.  E  ....  51.5 

Perigo.  C.  E ■  ■  v  5.\ 

Pike,  L.  H 615,522 

PiUiod.J.E 522 

Piatt,   H.P 522 

Poag,  John .-  »^- 

Potter,  E.  D..514  522,  .528 

?^fS:^'"D.^i-"-i  yj^^^^'^W^ 
??X^^;iv:-5s;|  wade  «•;:«: a:::: ^g 

Price,  J.  F ^»    we,  m.  ^.^.^  5.,, 

Pt'gBley  I.  P 6  ■.    Wa lU    •  -.^'.^^^^    ^-i,,  5.^2 

Purdy,  James 614    ^vaut'_^  ^,^ .^,5 

-:^     -RATHBUN,Nathamel    JVay  ^^pOv."::"""  5U 


Ray,   John.... 520 

Raymond,  E.  P..--- ='5 
Reno,Henry,  Jr..5M,  522 

Kcad,W.  H.  A 522 

Reed,  B.  F..  ....--522 

Richardson.  L.  G ....  ;^- 

Rickenbaugh,F.W...^.« 

Ritchie,  B.  F ---•  •'" 

Ritchie.J.M 531,522 

^^oA..,V.^ --^-^ 


McMath,  J.  H. 
Mackey,  John  --. 
Macombcr,  A.  E  . 

May,  John  M 

Meichers.  Milo  ... 
Merrill,  H.  A 


622 

515 
522 
514 
522 
,  522 


Bouse,  B.W. 

SADLER,  E.  B 
Sala.  F.  M -;.- 

Schunk.H.F. .......  52^ 

Scott.  .VW..,...-5«1.S.2 

Scott.  I  luis.  K a-;' 

Scott.  Josiah  J" 

Scril.ner.(;.U..------'.f' 

Seribner.  Harvev. 521,5.2 

Searing.  Samue^  ..--  •>I3 
Sencv,  Joshua  B.51.5,  522 

Shaw,  C.  G.^ •''•' 

smith,  A.  L °^ 


Webster,  W  m 
Wcli-h,Johii  ... 
Wclkcr,  Martin 

Werr,  C.  L 

While,  Oscar  .. 
White, Wm.... 
Whitney.  Jainei 
Wickham,  C.  r-- 
Wilkinson,  I^  li- 
Williamson,!),  i'- 

Wilson,  A.  E 

Wilson,  C.  <■..... 
515    Wiltse.  Cornelius... 
522    Wing.  Warner 

Wood.  Reuben    .... 

Wowlworth,  I  has.. 

Worcester,  S    1 

Wright,  FE 

Wright,  J.C 


522 
■"■  52:! 
■"■    624 

■■.:;522 

..51S 

■     .  528 

M..  513 

.115 


.  .522 
.  622 
.  222 
.  522 
613 
.514 
.  .52:> 
.  !>22 
.  515 
522 
.  622 


HYGIENIC. 


ABBOTT.  C.  F.. 
Acklev.Horace 
Acres.  Mrs.  Wm  ... 
Anderson,  Alex  ... 
Anderson,  Wm.  J.- 
Andrews. L.  G 

Austin,   D.  B. 

Aris.  James  F..... 
Ashley,  J.  M.&  Co 


Pane. 

.  574 

A..546 

.-  515 

..  546 

...  554 

...  554 

555 

.  5.54 

.  659 


Paae. 

Barber,  J.  J 55» 

Barber,  L.  L 5596 

Barber,  Robert 5M 

Barker,  J.  J. =68 

Barker,  Lewis =** 


.  .557 
..541 
.  659 
.  5.55 
.555 


TJABCOCK.  H.  D.-5.55 
W  Bach,  Wm.  J..-5.29 
Baker.  Wm. -.-..----  SM 
Bakewell,  Fred.W...  660 

Bailey,  A.  W -559 

Bailey,  George 659 

Bailey,  Silas 557 


Dill  l^v,,,   ..^  .- 

Barlow,  A.  C-.. 
Barton,  Doctor—-. 

Bartlett.  Wm 

Becker,  B .---- 

Beckwith.  Seth  W... 

Bell.  R.  C 654 

Berdan,  P.  F. ....--- 661 
Bergen,  S  H.  660.5o4,  561 
Bergen,  Mrs. S.H....  5.51 

Berger.  A.- 5M 

Besaey,  J.  M 55a 

Bigelow,  Asa "=* 


Page. 

Bigelow.  F  — -.-..- gj 
Bishop,  Mrs.  W.H...  Ma 

Bissell,  A.  F .56^ 

Black,  H.  A        8596 

Blaikcsley, Bailey.-..  664 
Blauchard,  John  A..  654 
Blass,  J.ames. .--.-.-  6-'|> 
Blondin,  Sister  H....  .560 
Bodroan, Louis H—.  5.)4 
B.nd.J.  W......654,.;;61 

Bostaler.  A.  J- f* 

Bostwick.Manlcy....546 
Bostwick,Mr9Manley.54(, 
Bowen,  Geo  W.5:vl  561 
Bower,  &    Frederick  ..59 

Bowman.  J.  H •;''' 

Boyd,   n.A 668 


Page. 

Brainard,W.S 6«» 

Brady.  Sister  -660 

Braiin,  Valentine     ..  5^ 
Briggs,  I>av id  L..  518,55.1 
Brighani.  <>.  S  .......  •'•« 

Brown.  Clarence....  5r|.< 

Brown.  Mrs.T.  P....W; 

|,       -.1.       (•         11  --     i>*>l 

Buck',  Mrs.  Piympton  Mil 

Burnell.  S.  C...  *« 

Bnrdick,  U-ander...  .>61 

Burger,  Adam 659 

Burritt,  Harvey 544 

Burritt.W.H....-.5« 
Bush,  Blakesley  ""^"JJ^ 


-OUNO.S.  M.514,822 


Page. 
ptALKINS,  KnssellC^^ 

c;^ponler&Funk..M» 
Ca.«sclls,  .1.  N     .....  •'••^» 
Chamberlin.  C.  S....'.>» 
Chamhcrlin.II.  n 
Chamberlln.  I>.  P 

Chapin,  F,  C. 

t'hamplon,  Ucv.  A 
Chandler,  A...- 
Cliapin,  Mrs.  V 


564 

.Vd 

I     6(10 

..ssnb 

■p...6«l 


Cliapln,  inr».  •■  V  --^j 
Chapnmn.Wm.  C..*1.!W 

Chapman,  Mrs.  W<-..»1 
Chn.se.  Mi^s  llnttie- .>46 
Chase,  Herbert  ....r.V 
Chase,  James  I.... M».  aw 
Chase, Mrs.  J.  L Mo 


950 


r.,  ...  Page. 

Cherry,  Win 554,  08 1 

Chesebro.Mrs.Alonzo  5(il 
Chesebrough,Julius.5596 
Chesebrough,    Mrs. 

J'!''"* 65!» 

Christy,  H.  C...  S59 

Clark,  Mrs.  i.L..;:::5Bi 

Ciark,  .Jacob 544,  554 

Clark,  Mrs.  H.  M...  501 
Claypool,  Albert. 557,  m:i 

Clemoiis  &  Hill 550 

Cochran.  Chas 554     i-reei. 


INDIVIDUAL  INDEX. 


Coldham,  James.554,  5tii 

...  t;  '  .  -  . 


Felch,  Theo.  A  ...  "sM 
Fella,  J.  B  .  659 

Feriiiebera,  G.54'8..554,  581 

Field.  A.  J 587 

Fisher,  Albert  W. 554' 501 

I'lsher.  Dexter 568 

I;  eniiiig,  A.  H 5.i9i 

Feming,  L.  0 55!I6 

Plmn,  Mrs.  R.  D  .  6h1 
Forbes,  Samuel  F.554,560 
l;orsytli,  Mrs.  Eliza.  642 
I'reeman,  J.  p  .  .>igg 

"  "        J.  W. 


w;-^m   .,ames.554,  661     Fullertou;  j;  3.--  sg 


Collamore",  Geo.A".554.5lil 
Colton,  Walter  ..  _ui 
Conant,  Horatio  55.3,  554 
Cook  Brolhers.  559 

Cook,  Chas.  H.  "  .sr2 
Cook,  J  D.._5fi8,  5TO;571 
Cook,  Mrs.  ,T.  D  k-o 

Cook,  Miss  Nellie.'."::  572 
Cook,  Thomas  M...  ,5.n4 
Cooke,  Jabez  M.        ■5,54 

Coouey,  M   j ;::  .,,,5 

Cosgrore,  Thomas  .  554 
Crabbs,  Mrs.  Perry  ..  6fil 
Crafts,  John  M  sm 

Craue,  Calvin. ..:"■"'. r,B7 
Craven,  W.  C  ""'  554 
Cravens,  Charles':"""  5.55 

Cronise,ThomasJ_.:5.54 
Culison,  Wm.  W....554 
Cnllisou.  W.  W.  &  Co  5;9 
Curammgs,  Robert     661 

'^i^i^ =^-«> 

Curlis,  D.  W 


/n  ARDNER,  D.  E..  563 
\  r  Giininer,  John    554 

Gates,  Anton ..559 

'•aylord,  E.  P .557 

Gibbs,   Almon  ...  "'54a 

Gifford.W.  R -55., 

Gilbert,  J.  W.  &  QoV.  5  9 
Goclard,  Mrs.  Alonzo  547 
Goldbacli,  John  559 

Goodwill,  E.  M  .5,57 

Gould.  Mr.>i.  J.  G...::561 
Graham.  Hosmer  547 
Graham, Mr.'!.  Hosmer  P47 
Gram,  Hans  B.  55R 

Green,  C.  H-.... f^ 

Green,  Horace  ..  545 
Green,  Joel,  Jr.  554 

Griffin,  B.  F....  '"■563 
Gunsolus,  Kenneth  '  .654 
Gysel,  Robert 559 


Kirchmaier,  Wra.  &^^' 
Son 569 

Kirkley,  C.  A..  5.5"4,  SHI 
Kitchen,  F.  A 5.M 

Klauser,  A.  E.  547 

KUuscr,  Charles..""  .548* 
Mauser.  F.  E.  .64h 

Klauser.FranzJnseph  548 
Klauser.  Herman  It  .648 
Kline,  A.  T.  5,69;, 

Kline  Mr.<.  Wm...!.  561 
Kuebler,  H.  C 5596 

LANE,   Moses 568 
Lawless,  James  T 
,       .                       554, 661 
Lawton,  W.  E  5=9 

Lenk,    Peter :.":  sjio 

i.ewis,  Brothers  559 

I-i'lr.   .T.  W ,6.5"5,.6,69 

LjPV^-  U-G  5S5 

Little,    A.  H..  ,6.59ft 

Locke,   D.  R. 6,66 

Lodge,  Louis..  557 

Luugreu,  Samuel  S., 

567,  561 

McBAIN.  Daniel     574 
McCann,  J.  M.  5.69 


Pierce,  Mrs.  H.H..:^%';    Strong,  D.G  ^'^i 

S?e;i4^:j:N-::::Sl  ^sfe^D---""! 

Suydam ,  Sirs.  S. 


-  - .561 

Plessner.  M.  C  554 

Pratt,  William  .  564 

Pray.  Welcome...       541 
Prentice,  Mrs.  Fred     561 

Price,  ascar  F 554 

I  nest,  Jonathan 554 


RALSTON,  Wm.  H .554 
T,     ',  !''i'»"ay.C.  S..55.3 
Randall,  Mrs.  A.  D 
Riiyinnnd,  Mrs.  E.  P  561 
l!ced,  Calvin  H..  552,  554 
Ke.-d,  (':irl  K 
Reed,  Chiicc  C 
Reed,  C.   H 


^'^:ti;r^----^   ^:^rs.M 


Reed,  Harris  H. 
Reed,  Hiram  J.. 
Reed,  Isaac  N. 
Reed,  Mrs.  I.  N 


,  553 
...559a 
...  559 
-.5696 


gwaiD.C.  H 534 

Swa.vne,  N.  H... .665,  572 

Swayne,  Wager 561 

bwerringer,  B.  V 554 

TAYLOR,  Alfred..  547 
Taylor,  F.  P...  5.57 
Taylor,  S.  C...  5.596 
64.D  Thompson,  John  ..  "  559 
Thorn,  Samuel  S..65(,  561 
Ihursttn.  Mrs.  W.  S  .561 
Tindall,  O.  N  5,54 

Tipple,  K.  D :::.657 

A .562 

.  ,  Mrs.  M.  C .661 

Tracey,  James  L 555 

Trembley.  Jerome  B.  5.54 
Trembley,  J.H.  &  c.  A.  659 
Trowbridge.  Mrs.  F..  561 


..  5.53 
,5.53 
561 


Re^d!  K?;^ni;:: ::  Si  ^"^'^  Ai%t  ^.. ...;  s^i 


,661 

.  655 

..  563 


James  C.  .663 


J^AIBER,  Mrs.  John 

Danforth,  E.  C  .  f^ 

Daniels,  Thomas  ssi!  5.59 
Daniels,  Waldo  C  '  553 
Darst,  Henry  H...  "  lH 
Davis,  Geo.  W  ..  .555",  570 

&^" -1 

g|Bonncvi„e;Prof::p 

Delano.  m;f-.".-.".-;."."."56X 

J,'^)ilbiss,  Allen. 55 > 

D  mi  fP';"'''''-— -553,  554 
ijimick.  Mrs.  c.  M  5.5> 
Donnelly,  James  ...:  6.65 
Doo  ey,  Albert  G  .  559 
Doo  ey,  Ert„.i„  ™ 

Dooley  Brothers  "5.59 
Dougass,  Prof.  H..:'  569 
Douglass,  Wm.  M..  5.54 
Downs,  .Samuel s.M 

Drake,  Dr.  Daniel  .674 
Draper,  Luke.,..  5.59 
Duncan  A. M 
Duncan,  J  A 
Dustin,  N 
Duval,  Rev.  F 
Dwight,  Justu.'i 


.  5.54 

555 

--- .553 

F.  B 565 

.  553 


DeYouviUe:Ma"d"£me560     Husi 


HALL 
Hanks.  B.  H..  ,554 
Hamlin.  R.  E.  &  Co.  559 
Harpster,  David  .  559 
Hart,  5Irs.G.w..:;.56i 
Harlwell,  Emma  ..  557 
Hartwell,  H.  W  5.57 

Harrouu,  C.  H. . . .  :::5596 
Harroiin,  David  A. ..6596 
Haswell,  G.  R  574 

Hathaway,  Harri.TOii  .5.64 
Hathawav,  I.  N  6(17 

Haiighton.  Mrs.  "Nat.  546 

Hayncs,  Wm.E ,55-2 

Hazlett,  Lsaac  N.  .6.54 

Heath,  C.R :"""559 

Heflron,  Edward..    5696 
Heitzman,  Andrew 
Henzler,  Wm 
Heydrich.  I,.  VT 
Hickcy,  Sister.. 

Hiett,  J.  W '■" 

Higgins.  Cha.s.  W   " 

Hill,  Mrs.  A.  S...:" 

Hipp,AMgustiis  F 

g™S,  M   C 664 

Hoeee,  Geo.  L 554 

HopTy,  C.&Co 659 

Hob  y,  Fred 518,5.54 

Hohly,  Pauline...       .559 

Howard,  D.  W  H 

Hubbell,  Samuel-  ' 

Huflman,  W.  C 

Hurd,  F.  H 


.-  569 
-.  559 
..  .5.55 
-.  669 
-.  5.56 
..  664 
-548,  674 
"     ..  5.54 


McGaw.  J.  A.  P  5113 

McKnight.    C.  G 564 

McLean,  Chas..  546,  r,59 
McJIullen  &  .Moore     5.69 

Machen,A.  J 555 

Machen,  H.  L  R....  .560 
Jlaher,  .lohn  T  568 

Maher,  W.  H ::;  663 

Ma  one,  Ed 563,568 

Ma  one,  M.  J  <fc  w...  562 
Maloney,  Dennis..  563 
Mann,  H.  C.  ",554 

-M.'inor.  Mrs.  J.  ,f  _  :  ,548 
Maples,  Mrs.  J.  H...  .561 
Marshal  &  Way  559 

Ma.son,  A.  B._ 5596 

Mason,   H.  D  .  574 

Matthews,  A.  D  "'  5,59 
Matthews,  Chauncy  .547 
Matthews,  Cornelius  ,65) 
May,  Edward  G  5,55 

Merrell,  T.  S 1  658 

Mery,  Jacob 559 

Merv,  J.  F  5,69 

Miller.  J.  A. :.':'5.596 

Miner,  D.  H.  A  Co...  5.69 
Monarque,  Sister...  560 
Moore,  Geo.  O...         554 

Moore,  Wra.  H ,669 

Moran,  Henrv..  _  559 
Mosher,   John  545 

Muiison.  C.  W "5596 

Myers,  James...  567,  574 


Reinhart.  James  C  554 
Bichards,  Mrs.  R.  E  546 
Ridcnour.Wm.  T.  654,  561 
Roller,  J.  L.  ..  559 

Rose,  Mrs.  Mary    ""'  .543 

S°"!&  •^- S.59* 

Root,  H.  A 554,661 

Rouleau,  Zep...  5.54 

Roulet  Charles..         6.5s 

Rowland,  T.  C 661 

Ro^vsey.  John  .  ,659ft 
Rowsey.  W.  T  ..  5'57,  558 
Rowsey,  Mrs.  W.  T      561 


.561 
660 
661 
554 
661 
659 


SCOTT.  Mrs.  A.  E 
Scott,  Frank  J.. 


EARL,  HarryD.  .653,5.54 
Eaton,  Fred.  &  Co. 

Baton,  Thomas  J...  554 
f ?'*,«".  H„M 6594 

Kills.  Onnelle  N 554 

Estile,  John  550? 

Kvan.s^  Robert  "l::::  559* 
Kurich,  Frank  ..  563 
Eyman,  H.  C  ...::::;  562 

■PALLIS,  E.  0 562 

J-assett,  John 543 


ssey,  Mrs.  C.  W. 


562 
564 
5H7 
568 
561 


N' 


Hustoii,  T.  BentonJ::  569 

JACKSON.  James.  543 
Jeager.  Frederick  5.i4 
Jones.  Philo  E..  554 

Jones,  Wm.  W  5'49"  654 
Jones,  Mrs,  W.  W...'  550 
.lohnson,  Geo.  L..  68i 
Johnston,  Genevra  ..  66.3 
Jungbluth,  M.. ..654,  661 


KAHLO, 
Ketcham,  A."R.  568 


Kimball 
King,  C.  A. 
Kirchmaier, 


Henry_..  555 
. — .^m,  A 
Win.  L 554 

5.55,  561,  567 


ELSON,  John    W 
561 
Nettleton,  Mrs.  S.  W.  56' 

Nevius    L.  W .5596 

Nill,  G.  C 5,59 

Nolen,  .Tames  G.  554,  568 
Norris,  Thos.  P  .  ,554 
Norton,  J.  S sog 

PAGE,  M.S 5596 
,Palmer,A.  Co..  569 
Parcels,  W.  H  ...  554 
Parker,  S.  S  ""  557 
Parmelee,  Myron  H."  557 
Pease,  Mrs.  Don  A  .546 
Peck,  Erasmus  D  ..'5.53 
Peck,  F.  E....  560 

Peck  &  Ross..      ""'5"9 

Pepper,  George  C...  568 
Pennington,  K.  G....  561 
Perkms.George  R.646,.5r4 


Scott,  Mrs.  W.  B 
Scott,  W.  C 
Scott,  Wm.  H 

Schaefer.  M.  B .^.,„ 

Scholl,  Joseph  &  Br'o  559 
bchansenbach,    Mrs. 

Adolph 648 

Schcble,  E.  I)  .  5.594 

Scheijck,  Mrs.  ,s.  c..  561 
Schiiidier  Brothers  .  .559 
Schon,  Carl...  ,6(,g 

Schnetzler  H.  M.564,  .561 

Schnetzler,  M 559 

Schroeder.  F     ...       5.59 
Schroeder.  Otto 
Segur,  Daniel.. 

ScoviIlc&  .Southard  5.59 
Secor.  J.  K  5H1 

sipe.c.  A. ..::.".";:. -5594 

Skinner,  Edward  B  5.52 
Skinner,  S.  W.... .551,  561 
Skinner,  ,S.  W.,  Jr         5.50 

Smart,  A.  R "555 

Smith,  Calvin. ...647,  674 
SmitB,  Chas.  N....       5.54 

Saodgrass,  .Tes.se 554 

bouthworth  J.  W        554 
SpaH'ord,  Samuel 
Spavd,  C.  E    _ 

Spayd,  H.  W 

Spencer,  Mary 
Spitzer,  Mrs.  A.  I 
Spohn,  R.  C. 
Sprague,  A.  J.. 
St.  Clair,  Wm 
St.  John,  Wm 
Stebbins.  Mrs.  Geo 
Stebbin.s.  H.  S. 


Tympany,  R.  R. .'.'_"  5.54 

UPTO.N,  Mrs.  Eunice 
.542 

VAX  AVERY,  John  H 
547 
Van  Hoe«cn,  E.  H..     661 

Van  Pelt,  C.  L 554 

■\  anstone,  Thos 6.55 

Vanstone  &  Crosby..  559 

ADDEL,  Thoma.s 
654 

W'addick,  J.  M... 664,  .561 
Waddick,  Mrs  W  ...    .561 

Waitc,  Alberts 5.55 

Waite,  Richard...  .561 
Walbridge,  Heman..  6T4 
Walbridge,  Heman  11.  563 
Walbridge,  H.  S..f.55,  .561 
Walbn'dge,  Thos.  H.  .563 
Wall,  Valentine 560 


w 


.559 
.555 
574 
559 
6.69 
569 
5.59 


-  564 
.  559 

6.59 

663 

L...  .661 
....  659 
....  657 
....  647 
663,  668 
561 
56.1 


Warren,  G.  W 
Warren,  F.  R 

Way,  Geo.  B 

Wernert,  Joseph. 
West,  Chas. 
West,  W.  K 

West&Truax 

„„    West  &  Vanstone 659 

5i2    Weyburne,  Dennis..  5.59 

668    W  heeler,  Dr 547 

Wheeler,  Lyman..::  566 

Whiiaker,  J.  H 567 

White,  Oscar .542 

Whitnev,  Miss  Fran- 
ces E 546 

"  hitney,  Luther 568 

Wilkin,  .\lfred .562 

•Williams,  F.  R 583 

W'illiams,  Wm.  W      563 

Winans,  C.  E 559 

■Winans,  James..  562,  572 

Wilson,    Frank  P 554 

Wittstein,  Henry. ...559 
Witzigareuter,  Max..  .548 

Wood.  B.  A .663 

"oodbridge,  J.  E..  5.54 
Woods,  Joseph T.,551. 561 
Woodworth,  B.  S..     546 

Worth,  Richard 554 

Wright,  John  A...,  554 
Wuestefleld,  Ernest.  564 


G.  A...  .569 


Steinbruek,    Otto    & 
Co 569 

Steincamp,  E.  D..       555 

Stevens,  Mrs   J.  N...  561 

3 

-.6596 

Picked, w.[it^z.::::,S6  itS^'j^-i^:;::;:  '^ 


YOST,L  W .562 
Young,  C.  L.    572 

Young,  L.  A 559 

loung,  S.  M. 563 

ZUBENDEN,  Doctor 
557 


The       ,       ^^^    ^^    ^^^    REBELLION 

--^^^'^:::!r::.::^^z:z^'ZP;:  'rr  '■  "»-^ "--  <--  -->■ 

Infantry  Segimenls.-Uth  pages  127  15^    i^.i    ,"  .    !         ^'  "''"  ''"  ^"'""^  "^  ^°^>ov.-s  : 


■  and   Memorial 


Toledo  Cadets,  pages  278-279. 


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Full text of "History of the city of Toledo and Lucas County, Ohio .."

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