History of Ryegate, Vermont, from its settlement by the Scotch-American company of farmers to present time;

NYPL RESEARCH LIBRARIES

3 3433 07999280 0

HISTORY

OF

RYEGATE, VERMONT,

From its Settlement by the Scotch-American
Company of Farmers to Present Time

With GENEALodidiU R^ctiebs* f)F, Mj\n.V Families

By EDWARD MILLER

and
FREDERIC P. WELLS

St. Johnsbury, Vt.

the CALEDONIAN COMPANY,

1913.

iHENEW YORK
PUBLIC LISRAKV

672780

ASTOR, L£N0X and

tilo n foundations.
R 1914 . L

Copyright, 1913, by the

To« N OF RYEC.ATE

^■

■fHElffWYOKK
PUBLIC UBRARV

A8T0R, LINOX AND

TiLoeH 'foohdat.oh«.

^ oi/bL>-Ci^TJ^

INTRODUCTION

Many hands have contributed to this history of Rye-
gate. In one sense General James Whitelaw, the founder
of the town, was also its historian. To his journals and
correspondence we owe our acquaintance with its earlier
years. The towns and session records are our authorities
for the events which they record. The records and per-
sonal sketches collected by Mr. George Mason during sev-
eral years are a mine of information concerning its families
and the events of its first century. He began about 1855
and continued during several years, the collection of such
data from the oldest people-' of- Ryegate and Barnet, hoping
to publish them. But his .death founcl^ the projected work
not yet attempted, and the. coll ^ctJQiiSLJof years were in a
fair way to be scattered and l,Q3.t^^^ /; ^V",/

In fact they were about to be burned, vv^hen, fortu-
nately for us, they were rescued and purchased by Mr.
Edward Miller who was well qualified to complete the
work for which Mr. Mason had left abundant materials.
Mr. Miller knew Ryegate thoroughly. His entire life had
been spent here, and under his shrewd observation had
passed several generations of its people. As a school mas-
ter he had known its families ; as a town officer he knew
its business affairs, and as a member of one of the churches
he was familiar with its religious history. It was his aim
and hope to prepare, as the crowning work of his life, a
history of his native town. It was a labor of love with
him to collect the materials for the work and to this end he
devoted all the time he could spare. He published from

IV HISTORY OF RYEGATE. VERMONT.

time to time in various newspapers of the county sketches
of families and of persons which are noteworthy for their
graphic style, their racy idioms, and the personal sympathy
with which they are filled.

But Mr. Miller was a very busy man, and could spare
but a small part of his time to the task, and failing health
compelled him to relinquish the work before he had begun
to arrange his collections in suitable form for publication.
It was his regret, as it must be of every reader of this vol-
ume, that he had not laid everything else aside, and com-
pleted his work while he had health and strength to do it.

Mr. Miller had followed no system of arrangement,
nor had he yet classified his collections, and his records
and memoranda, scattered through a score of manuscript
volumes, diaries, scrap-books and loose sheets of paper,
presented a formidable task to the present editor. Of the
historical part of his work he had not written out any, there
were many far^ilies whose records he had not yet secured ;
and of his coU'ections mucfll^ wsfs* unavailable for the pres-
ent purpose. It has beeit^n^vHght task to select from such
a quantity of material th'<Q pp.rtigns which should be used in
this work, to supply' i),mis'SiQtl$j.|;o verify statements, collect
additional data, and bring the whole down to date.

The full value and effect of what he accomplished his-
torically, cannot be easily measured; but, unquestionably,
without it, there would not now be published any history
of the town. Unlimited use of all the Mason and Miller
records was relinquished for this history by Mr. Miller's
family without remuneration. Such an opportunity rarely
comes, and that was a vital factor in at length securing
favorable action by the town.

Others besides Mr. Miller and Mr. Mason have writ-
ten about the early history of the town, but a very impor-
tant part of that history was entirely lacking. No one
knew anything about the relations between the managers of

INTRODUCTION.

the Company in Scotland and their agents in Ryegate sub-
sequent to the purchase of the south half of the town by
Whitelaw and Allan, and there seemed no way of supply-
ing the deficiency. But the unexpected discovery by the
editor among the Whitelaw papers of the original corres-
pondence between Mr. Whitelaw and the officers of the
Company, the original Journal of Proceedings, the account
books and much other important matter, more than sup-
plied what was lacking, but greatly increased the labor
of preparation. The Henderson papers also gave much
needed information, some manuscripts owned by the Vt.
Historical Society, and the Johnson papers at Newbury add
to our knowledge of early days.

Apparently no one knew or even as 3'et suspected that
all this material existed. Few towns have such a mine of
information waiting to be explored as Ryegate had. The
editor's task has been one of selection, rejection and con-
densation. It was at first supposed that the historical part
of the work would be covered in a hundred pages. But all
this additional matter rendered double that space necessary,
and more than doubled the labor of preparing it.

The call for data to complete the volume brought forth
an immense amount of new material, and hundreds of per-
sons, both in Ryegate and wherever Ryegate people have
gone have most gladly lent their aid to the work which
should preserve the memory of the sons and daughters of
the town. It has been no small task to condense the prof-
fered data within the limits of a single volume.

The glory of Ryegate is in the men and women whom
it has produced or who have descended from its early fami-
lies. A sturdy race were those Scotchmen in Yankee-land
who subdued the wilderness, covered the hills with fruitful
farms and planted there the church and the school. Many
of their children have scattered to distant states. But they
have carried with them the principles which they were

YI HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

taught in the family and the Sabbath ministrations. The
group of Scotch Presbyterian churches in this part of New
England has spread far and wide the truths handed down
from the days of the reformation in Scotland. In Barnet
Rev. David Goodwillie and his son and successor filled the
pulpit of the Associate church for the long period of sev-
enty-four years, and their influence will be felt for a century
to come.

Our neighboring town of Topsham has sent into the
world a number of men who became very eminent, and
with one or two exceptions they all came from families
which sat under the ministry of Rev's. James Milligan,
William Sloane, or N. R. Johnston. This volume tries to
show what Ryegate and its people have been and are, and
to preserve in accessible form the records of its families.
That there has been evil mingled with the good it were idle
to deny. But the good has far surpassed the evil, and
these pages will preserve the memory of many noble men
and women whose names would otherwise pass into oblivion.

It has been an honorable task to prepare this history,
and complete, however imperfectly, the work which Mr.
Miller so nobly began. In its preparation the editor has
made many friendships which he hopes to retain, and ex-
presses the wish that he has given some degree of satisfac-
tion.

The editor returns his thanks to the committee and to
all those of Ryegate or of Ryegate ancestry who have con-
tributed to this work. The thanks of the town are due to
the librarian and assistants of the Boston Public Library ;
the New England Historic-Genealogical Society; the N.
H. State Library; the N. H. Historical Society; to the
librarian and assistants of the Vt. State Library and the
Vt. Historical Society, and to the librarian and trustees of
the Tenney Memorial Library of Newbury for the use of
its valuable manuscripts.

INTRODUCTION.

Attention is called to the appendix for corrections and
for much valuable matter which came too late for insertion
in its proper place.

Frederic P. Wells.

Newbury, Vt., Jan. 20, 1913.

Action of the Town and Committee Regarding
This Work.

For some years after Mr. Miller's death his collections
remained untouched and in danger of possible destruction
by fire or accident. There was a general wish that his
work should be pompleted if a way could be opened, and it
was thought best by those interested to bring the matter
before the town. The annual town meeting in March,
1903, dismissed an article "To see if the town will publish
a history," and nothing more was done for three years.
But the desire for the work took assured form in the March
meeting for 1906, when a committee of 27 was chosen "to
investigate and report in regard to the matter of a Town
History."

This committee met at the town house on March 20th
when Mr. George Cochran was made chairman, and Mr,
Wm. N. Gilfillan, secretary. Messrs. Hermon Miller, A.
M. Whitelawand O. A. Whitehill were chosen an execu-
tive committee, the chairman and secretary ol the general
committee to act as members ex-officio.

" This committee to have charge of preparing a his-
tory of the town, and to report from time to time to the
general committee which is to meet at the call of the chair-
man." Six meetings of the general committee were held,
and many of the executive committee.

The report of the general committee was made to the
town on March 5, 1907. They recommended that vacan-

Yin HISTORY OF RVEGATE, VERMONT.

cies be filled by vote of the committee, and that the select-
men be authorized to act with the four members, and that
they be authorized to draw orders for $i,ooo, to defray the
expense of preparing and publishing a history of the town
"on condition that the general committee guarantee sales
of the work to the amount of $500 to be paid to the town
treasurer within one year after the history is published."
This vote was accepted and adopted with but one vote in
opposition.

Mr. F. P. Wells of Newbury was secured to compile
and arrange material for the work. A committee of ten,
one from each school district, was chosen to canvass for
subscribers and to secure promises for sketches from their
families.

This committee reported on Sept. 21st to the general
committee, and after free discussion it was voted to guaran-
tee the sale of books to the amount of $500 *'to the satis-
faction of the selectmen." On Oct. lOth a contract was
made with Mr. Wells to prepare the work.

On May 26, 1909, a contract was made with The Cale-
donian Co., of St. Johnsbury to print the history. Soon
after this the publishing company changed hands, and sub-
sequently many delays have resulted to the disappointment
of all concerned. Yet the delay has given more time to
collect material for the work, much additional data and
many records were secured, the work will be much more
complete, cost more, be worth more and the delay be justified
in the end.

A full report has been rendered to the town at each
annual meeting. More funds being necessary to complete
the history, the town by a unanimous vote authorized
$1,000 additional at the annual meeting of 1912.

There has been an earnest effort to secure a complete
history down to date. The people here have been urged to
prepare family records, and everyone has been welcomed
to a place in the work.

INTRODUCTION.

The committee believed that the pioneers of the town
and their direct descendants should have preference in illus-
trations. This has been a difficult matter to adjust and do
justice to all. Most of the original settlers are represented
but only a few of the present generation appear. It has
been the sincere wish of the committee to make the history
a credit to the town, and helpful to every citizen.

In behalf of the Committee,

W. N. GiLFILLAN.

Ryegate, Jan. 20, 1913.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I.
CHAPTER I.

THE EARLIEST DAYS.

Dr. Dwight's Narrative. — Description. — Indian Trails. — ^Journal of Capt.
Benjamin Wright. — The Deerfield Massacre. — Stephen Williams'
Narrative. — Fort at the Mouth of Wells River. 1-7

CHAPTER II.
"a certai.n parcel of land called ryegate."

Settlements on Connecticut River. — Opening of the Coos Country. —
Prosperity of Newbury and Haverhill. — Ryegate Chartered — Sale
to John Church. — New York Claim. — The Second Charter. — The
Pagan Lands. — Condition of Scotland. — Emigration. — Wages. —
The Scotch American Company. 8—14

CH.APTER III.

THE L\CHL\XAN COLONY.

Inchinnan. — History. — Antiquities. — The Knights Templars. — Inception
of the Scotch-American Company. — Regulations. — Commissioners.
— '■ Bond of Association." — Names of Subscribers. 15-19

CHAPTER IV.

THE JOUR.NAL OF JAMES WHITEL.\W.

The Voyage — Philadelphia — New York. — Albany. — Mohawk River. —
Ryegate. — Charlestown to New -Y'ork. — Susquehannah River. —
Pennsylvania. — Sir William Johnson. — Dartmouth College. 20—27

CHAPTER V.

WHITELAW'S JOUR.NAL— CONTINUED.

Observations in Southern Pennsylvania. — The Ohio Country. — Mary- ^
land, Virginia. — Observations in North Carolina. — The Eastern
Shore of Maryland. — Purchase of Ryegate. 28—35

CHAPTER YI.

THE SETTLEMENT BEGUN.

Expenses of the Commissioners. — Agreement Between Church and the
Commissioners. — Dr. Witherspoon. — ^^[ames Witherspoon. — New-
burv — Survey of Ryegate. — David Allan. — First Death. — Deed of
Ryegate. 36-46

XII HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

CHAPTER VII.

THE SCOTCH-AMERICAN COMPANY.

The "City."— The Scotland Managers.— Lord Blantyre.— Mills at Bol-
tonville — Embarrassment. — Prosperity of the Settlement. — White-
law's Resignation. — The End of the Scotch-American Company. —
Reflections. 47-56

CHAPTER Vni.

SCOTLAND AND RYEGATE.

The Home Towns of the Colonists: Inchinnan, Erskine, Kilpatrick,
Raldernock, Kilmalcolm. Johnstone, Houston, Renfrew, Kilbar-
chan. Lochwinnock, Paisley, Glasgow, Balfron, Roseneath. — The
Scotch in Newbury. — Wages in 1793. — The Ocean Passage. — Emi-
grants.— Pioneer Life. — Reflections. 57—66

CHAPTER IX.

THE HAZEN KOAD.

The Revolutionary War.— The Post of Danger.— The Hazen Road.— Its
General Course. — Its Constritction Begun by General Bayley, and
Abandoned. — Plans for Invasion of Canada. — The Road Com-
pleted to Westfield. — Why Abandoned. — Another Invasion of Can-
ada Contemplated. — The State of the Country. — Subsequent His-
tory of the Military Road. " 67-78

CHAPTER X.

RYEGATE IX THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR.

Patriotism of the Colonists.— Minute-men.— The Great Alarm.— The
Campaign of Burgoyne. — His Instructions to Col. Baurae. — Capt.
Frye Bayley's Company. — Adventure of Bartholomew Somers. —
Blockhouse. — Anecdotes. 79—88

CHAPTER XI.

THE EARI,Y DAYS.

Contemporary Events.— First Town Meetings —First Marriages.— First
Roads.— Early Tax Lists.— Sheep Raising —Log Houses.— Corres-
pondence.— Scarcitv of Monev. — Standard of Value. — Variation in
Value of Bank Notes —The Town Pound.— Anecdotes. 89-100

CHAPTER XII.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.

Retrospect.— Presbyterianism. — The Church of Scotland.— The Stuarts.
— The Restoration.— Rise of the Covenanters. — Origin of "Tokens."
— The Persecution. — Anecdote. — Rev. James Renwick. — The Revo-
lution of 1688.— Patronage.— The Associate Synod.— Burghers,
and Anti-Burghers.— The Relief Church.— The United Presbyterian
Church.— Rev. Peter Powers.— Action of the Town —The Old Meet-
ing House.— Early Ministers.— Rev. Wm. Forsvthe — Rev. William
Gibson. ' 101-113

TABLE OF CONTENTS. XIII

CHAPTER XIII.

THE ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.

Early Church Going. — Theoh:)gical Metaphysics. — Early Ministers. — Rev.
David Goodwillie. — Ordination of Rev. Thos. Ferrier. — Rev. Wm.
Prmgle. — The Disruption. — Rev. James McArthur, — Re-union. —
Later Pastors. — Sunday Schools.— Church Edifices. 114-123

CHAPTER XIV.

RELIGIOUS HISTORY — CONTINUED.

The Reformed Presbyterian Church. — Organization. — Rev. Alexander Mc-
Leod. — Rev. James McKinney. — Rev. William Gibson. — "Reformed
Pnnciples Exhibited." — Rev. James Milligan. — Publications. — Rev.
James M. Beattie. — Later Ministers. — The Reformed Presbyterian
Church at South Ryegate. — The First or General Assembly Church.
— Reformed Presbyterian Church of Barnet. — Observations. — The
Ryegate Ameliorating Society. 124—137

CHAPTER XV.

SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN EARLY DAYS.

Prices of Farm Products. — Cloth and its Manufacture. — Lumber. — River
Traffic. — Taverns. — Stage and Postal Routes.— Passumpsic Turn-
pike.— The Boston and Montreal Turnpike. 138-152

CHAPTER XVL

EDUCATION.

Public Schools in Scotland. — Schoolmasters. — The Common School Sys-
tem in New England. — Early Teachers in Ryegate. — Mr. Miller's
Experience. — Other Factors in Education — Location of School-
houses. — Statistics. — College Graduates who were Natives of
Ryegate. 153-164

CHAPTER XVII.

EDUCATION, AND OTHER MATTERS.

Factors in Education. — Cemeteries. — Care of the Poor. — Temperance. —

John Paul Jones. 164-1 73

CHAPTER XVIII.

MANUFACTURES.

Saw Mills. — Connecticut River. — Clay Island. — The Narrows —Canoe
Falls, and Early Mills There. — The Ryegate Paper Co. — Brick Mak-
ing.— The Granite Business. — The Granite Manufacturers' Associa-
tion.— The Granite Cutter's Union. 174-187

CHAPTER XIX.

LOCAL MATTERS.

Industrial Changes. — Mr. Whitelaw's Observations. — Wild Animals. —
Dairying. — Farms. — Fairs. — Creameries. — Blue Mountain Grange.
— Miscellaneous. 188-199

XIV HISTORY OF RYEGATE, YEKMONT.

CHAPTER XX.

HOME LIFE IN EARLY DAYS.

Linen Spinning. — Weaving. — Candle Making. — Domestic Pursuits. — So-
cial Customs. — Singing Schools. — Writing Schools. 200-209

CHAPTER XXI.

PROFESSIONAL AND OTHER MATTERS.

Physicians. — The Insane — Lawyers. — Merchants at the Corner. — At

South Ryegate.— The Old Militia.— Masonry.— An Historic Fake. 210-225

CHAPTER XXII.

POLITICS AND LATER MATTERS.

Early Political History. — The North Star. — Anti-Masonry. — The Civil

War. 226-235

CHAPTER XXIII.

OLD AND NEW.

Old Farms and Houses — The Whitelaw Farms. — In Central and Western
Ryegate. — The Witherspoon Tract. — Libraries. — The Country Book-
store.— The Town Library and Branches. — The Whitehill Library.
— Grain and Feed Business. — Sugar M anufacture. — Telephones and
Electric Lighting. — Clan Farqiiharson. — Miscellaneous. 236—247

CHAPTER XXIV.

TOWN OFFICERS.

Town Clerks. — Delegates to Constitutional Conventions. — Representa-
tives.— Listers. — Superintendents of Schools. — M oderators of Towm
Meetings. 248-256

CHAPTER XXV.

MISCELLANEOUS.

James Whitelaw to his Father, 1773.— James Henderson's Bond.— Meet-
ing House Account. — Vote of Members about Timber. — Robert
Brock's Bond. — Weight of Mill Irons.— Certificate of Membership.
— Letter from Managers in Scotland.— Money Remitted to Scot-
land.—Bill of Exchange.— Letter from Scotland, 1809.— Ryegate
Men in the Revolotionary War, the War of 1812, the Mexican
War and the Civil W^ar. 257-269

PART II.

Family Records and Biographical Sketches, 273-581

Appendix, 583-588

General Index, 591-595

Index to Connected Families, 597-601

Index to Portraits, 603-604

Index to Illustrations, 605

Index to Places in Scotland, 607

Index to Places in Ireland, 608

PART I

History of Ryegate.

Vermont

CHAPTER I.

The Earliest Days.

Dr. Dwight's Narrative.— Description.— Indian Trails.— Journal of Capt.
Benjamin Wright. — The Deerfield Massacre. — Stephen Williams' Nar-
rative.—Fort AT the Mouth of Wells River.

IN the year 1812, Rev. Dr. Dwiglit, president of Yale College, published
a narrative of a journey to Canada, and took occasion to speak in
ver\^ high terms of the Scotch settlers of Ryegate and Barnet, and of
the favorable estimate in which the}' were everywhere held for their
industry, good order and good morals, adding also that, as far as he
could learn they were, generally, in very good circumstances.

These towns are the only ones in the state which were settled by
colonies from beyond the Atlantic, and Rj^egate is unique among all New
England towns in that its affairs were, during some years, regulated by
an association of farmers and artizans in far-off Scotland. Its history,
therefore, must be very different from its neighboring communities, w'hich
were settled by immigrants from the older towns along the sea coast,
who were, themselves, descended from the earliest settlers of New Eng-
land.

In many things this colony was unique. Upon those who formed it
the Church of Scotland had laid the strong hand of her faith, and the
Presb^'terian form of belief and practice is held, almost without dissent,
by their children.

It is the purpose of this work to consider the reasons which induced
the first settlers of Ryegate to leave Scotland ; the organization through
which the land was selected, divided, and governed during some j^ears,
the toils and privations of the colonists and their ultimate prosperity, to
give the histor}' of its institutions and gather the annals of its families.

In the first place it is necessary- to give some account of the region in
which it lies, and what we know about its history before its settlement.
It occupies the southeastern corner of Caledonia County, and is sepa-
rated by Connecticut River from Bath in New Hampshire. South lies
Newbury, in Orange County, and west and north are Groton and Barnet.
The soil of Ryegate is not excelled in fertility by that of any other town
in New England, and the town has always ranked high in the amount
and value of its agricultural products, especially those of the dairy. The
underlying rock is granite, with limestone alternations, and the town

1

HisroKY OF kyi:g\te, vkkmont.

lies in a strip of land wliicli extends through Barnet, Peacham and Dan-
ville, and is considered by eminent geological aulhorit}^ to be the most
productive section east of the Hudson. It is watered by brooks which
flow into the Connecticut, or into its tributary stream called Wells River.
In the center of the town, in the midst of rolling uplands, lies the hamlet
of Ryegate Corner. North of it, to the height of 2192 feet above sea
level, rises Blue Mountain, its southerly side scarred by quarries. South
Ryegate and East Ryegate, several miles apart, are thriving villages
along its borders. A few small ponds surrounded b}- romantic scenery,
are found in different parts of the town.

All over the town, among the hills and upon the uplands, white
houses and huge barns evince the taste and prosperit}' of its inhabitants.

This is the Ryegate that we know. But Rj-egate, when first called
by that name, was an unbroken wildernesss, without a clearing of
any kind, or roads or paths, except those made by Indian feet. Could one
have stood on Blue Mountain then, he would have seen only a vast
forest, stretching as far as the eye could reach, with the chain of mountain
peaks rising in the east. It formed a part of the wilderness which lay
between the English colonies, and the French settlements along the Saint
Lawrence, and we do not know whether its first white visitors were
French or English.

Those who have devoted much time in studying Indian history and
traditions, are of opinion that this part of New England was never
the permanent abode of any large tribe of Indians, but that it was
neutral ground lying between the tribes along the Atlantic coast, and
the nations of the interior. It is known, however, that from time im-
memorial, parties from different tribes visited the great meadows of
Newbury and Haverhill, which they had cleared, and where the}' raised
corn in their rude fashion.

The section of the Connecticut valley between Orford and the mouth
of the Ammonoosuc, was called Coos or Kohass, and a similar tract near
Lancaster and Guildhall was called by the same name, and these sections
were distinguished by the titles of the Lower and Upper Coos. There is
much difference of opinion as to the precise meaning of the name.

To reach these cleared intervales there were paths or trails which led
to the distant Indian towns or hunting grounds. One of these trails
came up from the Merrimac Valley, following very nearly the course of
the railroad from Plj^mouth to Haverhill. Another lay along the Con-
necticut. According to the best authorities there was a famous trail
which left the great river at the mouth of Wills River, held a northerly
course, and divided into two branches about where R\'egate Corner is
now. One of these trails went north through Peacham, Walden and
Greensboro to the head waters of the Lamoille, and the celebrated Hazen

THE EAKLIEST DAYS. 3

Road followed its general course. The other branch took its wav over
the high lands west to the Winooski Valley. There is a very ancient
map which gives the general course of both the Connecticut and Wells
Rivers, with the line of this trail and says, "Along this route many
captives have been carried to Canada." The famous Indian scout known
as Indian Joe or Joe Indian, who lived at Newbur}', and whose grave in
the Oxbow cemetery there is suitably marked, knew all the trails well,
and much of the little we really know about them, came through those
who knew him. He died in 1819. Joe's Pond and Brook in Cabot and
Danville perpetuate his name, and Molly's Pond and Brook that of his
wife.

These trails existed from time immemorial, and the principal ones
were so much traveled that they could be easily followed. It will help us
to understand this subject to study the journal of Capt. Benjamin
Wright, who commanded an expedition which passed through Ryegate
in 1725.

Journal of Capt. Benjamin Wright.

A true journal of our march from Northfield to Messiscouh Ba^- under
ye command of Benj. Wright, captain, began July 27 Ano Dom., 1725.

July 27. It rained in ye forenoon ; about 2 o'clock in ye afternoon

1 set out from Northfield, being fifty-nine of us, & we
came yt night to Pomro^'^'s Island, 5 miles above
Northfield.

28. We set off from Pomroy's Island & came to Fort Bum-

mer & there we mended our canoes & went yt night to
Hawley's Island 5 miles above Fort Dummer, in all 10
miles.

29. We departed from Hawley's Island, & came to a meadow

2 miles short of 3'e Great Falls 18 miles.

30. We set off from ye great meadow & came to ye Great

Falls, & carried our canoes across & from there we
went 10 iniles.

31. From there we set out & came within 3 miles of Black

river, 17 miles.
August 1. We came to ye 2d falls 15 miles.

2. We set off from hence & came to the upper end of White

river falls 15 miles & V2

3. From 3'e upper end of White river falls to paddle Island

13 miles.

4. Foul weather, and we remained on paddle Island all day.

5. From paddle Island we went up 13 miles and encamped.

6. From hence we came to the third meadow at Cowass 20

miles yt day.

7. From thence we came to Wells river mouth, 15 miles.

8. We encamped here and hid our provisions and canoes, it

being foul weather yt day.

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

August 9. Foul weather in ye forenoon, in ye afterpart of ye day we
marched from the mouth of Wells river N. 5 miles.

10. This day we marched West & by North 10 miles.

11. We marched to ye upper end of ye 2d pond at the head of

Wells river upon a N. W. course ten miles. About noon
this day we came to ye first pond, 5 miles & then we
turned round N. West & travelled 5 miles further in
very bad woods.

12. We marched from ye upper end of ye upper pond 3 miles

in very bad woods & here encamped by reason of foul
weather ; here David Allen was taken sick.

13. We lay by to see if Allen would be able to travel.

14. We marched from ye upper end of ye 2d pond W. by N. to

French river 9 miles; we crossed French river and trav-
elled 1 mile & V^; in all ten miles & half.

15. Here we encamped all day by reason of foul weather;

this day Clark Hubbard being very lame was sent back
& two men with him to the fort at the mouth of Wells
River.

16. We marched from our camp 3 miles and came to a branch

of ye French [Winooski or Onion] river; from thence we
marched 6 miles & came to a beaver pond out of which
ran another Branch of said river; from thence we trav-
eled 6 miles and came upon another Branch where we
camped our course being W. N. W. 15.

17. We marched from said branch 13 miles and crossed a vast

mountain & there we camped that night, 13.

18. We marched from our camp a Little & came to a 4th

branch ot French river & we traveled down sd branch
10 miles & then struck overye Mountain 6 miles further
& there we camped, our course was W. N. W. 12.

19. We marched from thence W. N. W. to the top of a vast

high mountain which we called Mount Discovery, where
we had a fair prospect of ye Lake 4 miles, from whence
we went down said mountain 2 miles on a N. course &
then travelled 6 miles N. W. on a brook; here arose a
storm which caused us to take up our lodgings some-
thing before night.

20. We followed said brook N. N. W. 2 miles and then ye

brook turned N. & we travelled on it 9 miles further &
ye brook increased to a considerable river, 18.

21. We marched 6 miles N. & then came to where ye river

emptyed itself into another very large river coming out
from ye east somewhat northerly; we travelled down
said river W. 7 miles; then the river turned south & we
marched 7 miles farther & here we encamped at the foot
of ye falls, 20.

22. Here we lay still by reason of ye rain.

23. Now I gave liberty to some yt they might return home

by reason that our provision was almost spent, &
there appeared 41. The Capt. Lt. & Ens, (Ensigns)

THE EARLIEST DAYS. 5

with 12 men marched over ye river at ye foot of ye
falls & marched 6 miles S. S. W. & 3 miles W. & yn
came to ye Lake & marched 6 miles down upon ye Lake
& this N. W. & ye N. W. end of ye Lake or bay being at
a great distance, & then we turned homeward without
making any discovery here of any enemy.
August 25. We set off from ye Lake to return home, & came to ye
mouth of Wells River in five days and a half; here we
discovered 3 Indians who had waded over ye River just
below ye fort which we took to be our own men by
reason yt ye two Indians which were with us & one
man more set away early in ye morning to hunt; but
it proved upon examination that they were enemies,
but it was too late, for they were moved off.
29. We set off from ye fort at ye mouth of Wells river &
came to Northfield Sept. 2d at Night.

*Benj. Wright.

Several points are settled by Wright's journal. Not only is the
existence of some kind of shelter and defense at the mouth of Wells River
long before the country was settled, but another very interesting fact is
brought to light. We have mentioned the Indian trail which lay across
the mountains to Onion or Winooski River then called French River.
We observe that the compan}', led by their Indian guides, did not follow
along the banks of Wells River, but took a more northerly course,
coming out at Ricker's Pond in Groton, taking the general direction of the
road from Wells River to Ryegate Corner, and thence to Ricker's Pond.
This was one of the great trails between Canada and the Connecticut
Valley, along which passed not only hunters and migratory families,. but
war parties for attacks on the English settlements, and the same bands
returning with their captives and spoil.

Along this trail, where now lie the sunn\' farms of Ryegate, came in
February 1704, a force of two hundred French and one hundred and
forty Indians, bound upon one of the most fearful errands recorded in the
long chapter of Indian massacres. They came up Lake Champlain on
the ice to the mouth of French or Winooski River, which the}- followed,
and passed through the mountains very nearly where the railroad now
runs. They went down Connecticut River on the ice, and on the night of
the 29th fell upon Deerfield. Mass., burned the village, killed fifty per-
sons, and carried away one hundred and fiftj' prisoners, eighteen of
whom were killed on the march. At the mouth of White River the

*NoTE. This jotirnal is taken by permission from Sheldon's History of Deer-
field. In a note Mr. Sheldon says that the distances given as traveled by the
company must not 1)e considered as accurate, but were computed by their time
and difficulty. To the men struggling through the wilderness the waA' must have
seemed long.

6 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

captives were divided into small companies, making their way to
Canada by different routes.

Rev. John Williams, the minister of Deerfield, lived to return and
publish a narrative of their sufferings, entitled, "The Redeemed Captive
Returning to Zion." This little volume when first printed may have
been sold for a shilling. A cop}' of the first edition is now worth many
times its weight in gold. It has been often reprinted.

The narrative of Stephen Williams,* the minister's son, is of special
interest in local history, and his experience was probably that of
hundreds of others at different times between 1650 and 1760. The small
party to which Stephen was attached reached the great meadows at
Newbury on the ninth day after the massacre, where they remained two
days, then proceeded up Wells River, a day's travel, making a camp
among the hills not far from the line between Ryegate and Groton, and
there spent some days in hunting.

" Twelfth Day. March 11th. While we tarried here the French that
were in the army passed by," says Stephen's narrative. His master^
with a small compan}-, turned north, and made a camp somewhere in
Peacham, it is believed, where they were joined by some other captives
from Deerfield, who had been left by the French army in its passage.
They remained there hunting over a wide area of country, and collecting
furs till about the middle of June, when the party started for the Coos
meadows, it being their custom to spend their summers there, cultivat-
ing the land, feasting, and having a general good time.

But when they had gone only a few miles they met some Indians,
who told them that a party of white men and hostile Indians had come
up the river, and, a short distance below the great meadows, had fallen
upon a camp of Indians and killed them all, so that all the Indians were
fleeing from Coos. This was Caleb Lyman of Northampton, who left
that place about the first of June and fell upon the Indians near Coos,
and all who were there, fled, and their fields were not cultivated that
year.

The party to which Stephen and his master belonged, returned to
their camp, and were joined by several other prisoners. After some time
they ventured back to the Newbury meadows, where they suffered from
hunger, and where one of the prisoners, Dea. David Hoyt of Deerfield,
died of starvation.

* Samuel Carter's address at Deerfield, 1884.

Note. Stephen Williams was only eleven years old when he was taken
prisoner. He graduated from Harvard' College in 1713, and was for 66 years a
noted minister at Longmeadow. He was a chaplain in the expedition to Louis-
burg in 1745, and a son of his was killed in the old French War. Mr. Williams
had three sons who were prominent clergymen in their time. See "Longmeadow
Centennial," also "Proceedings of the Pocumtuck Valley Association." These,
with the History of Deerfield, are in the library at Newlniry.

THE EARLIEST DAYS. 7

About the 1st of August they set away for Canada with large packs
of furs which they had taken, and which the captives were compelled to
carry till French River was reached. Another of the captives, Jacob Hix
of Deerfield, died of starvation and fatigue, somewhere, probabW in
what is now Plainfield, "at the first carrying-place on French River."
The compan}'^ arrived at Chambly in August.' This narrative is here
given to show something of the life which went on in the wilderness two
hundred years ago.

This bloody warfare came to an end with the close of the Old French
War in 1760. The destruction of the Ft. Francis Village by Rogers'
expedition in that year, struck terror to all the Indian tribes. The story
of his expedition has been told too often to need repetition here. Some
of the survivors of that company struggled along through the dense
woods on the banks ol the Connecticut. It is said that several of the
men fell down and died between the mouth of the Passumpsic and that
of Wells River.

It will be observed that Wright's Journal of 1725 mentions the latter
stream by the name we know it now and speaks of "the fort at the
mouth of Wells River." A tradition handed down from the first settlers
of Newbury is that in 1704 one Captain Wells ascended the Connecticut
with a small force of men, and at the mouth of this stream one of the
men fell sick with small pox, and a small building was erected there, in
which some of the men spent a part of the winter, and the stream has
been called Wells River ever since. This was the j'ear of the destruction
of Deerfield, and the company' was probabh' commanded by Capt.
Jonathan Wells of that town, and one of several expeditions which were
sent to Canada to negotiate for the ransom of captives.

Other narratives of journeys along the Connecticut Valley between
1710, and 1770, are extant, but they give little information concerning
the country. It is probable that, between these dates, several hundreds
of white persons passed through Ryegate.

The "Fort" we have mentioned was probably a rude structure of
logs, and large enough to give shelter and protection to such as needed
either, in the wilderness. When Er Chamberlin, in 1770, began settle-
ment in what is now Wells River village, he found the ruins of a build-
ing in the woods, a little above the junction of the two rivers. It was
the first building erected by Englishmen in this part of New England.

CHAPTER II.

"A Certain Parcel of Land Called Ryegate."

Settlements on Connecticut River. — Opening of the Coos Country. — Pros-
perity OF Newbury and Haverhill. — Ryegate Chartered. — Sale to
John Church.— New York Claim.— The Second Charter.— The Pagan
Lands. — Condition of Scotland. — Emigration.— Wages. — The Scotch-
American Company.

THE settlement of Vermont begins with the close of the Old French
War. There had, indeed, been a few small settlements established
along the Connecticut River near Brattleboro, which were main-
tained only by the intrepidity of the settlers. But in 1759, Quebec was
taken, and North America passed into English hands, the Indians were
no longer to be feared, and the "New Hampshire Grants," as the coun-
tr}^ between Lake Champlain and the Connecticut was called, were open
for settlement. The fertility of the soil was well known, the land was
cheap, and from all parts of the long settled towns along the coast men
and families prepared to remove to the new lands. Settlements began at
Newbury and Haverhill before any of the towns below them were occu-
pied ; in other words, civilization made a leap of sixty miles into the wil-
derness. It is necessar}' to speak of the settlement of these towns, for it
is certain that Ryegate would not have been selected b}' the representa-
tion of the Scotch American Compan\', had it not been for its proximity
to a strong and well established communit}'.

In October, 1760, four officers of Col. Golf's regiment, who had been
released from service by the surrender of Montreal, made their way
to the great meadows of the Low er Coos. The}' were, to call them by
the military titles by which the}' are always mentioned, Gen. Jacob Bay-
ley, Col. Jacob Kent, Col. Timothy Bedel and Capt. John Hazen. They
spent some time in examining the surrounding country, and decided that
it was, for man}'^ reasons, a very desirable region for settlement. In the
summer of 1761, men were sent up to cut and stack ha}' on the "Great
Oxbow" in Newbury, and the "Little Oxbow" in Haverhill. In the fall
cattle were driven up from Hampstead and Plaistow, which were shel-
tered and fed through the winter by men employed by Bayley and Hazen.
In the spring of 1762, families began to settle in both towns along the
meadows, and on the 18th of May, 1763, Newbury and Haverhill were
chartered to Jacob Bayley, John Hazen, and their associates, many of
whom became actual settlers in one town or the other.

i'lME NEW YORK

A8TOH, tH*0» M)*9 :
Tft-DeN FOUND AT lOM*-. jf

A CERTAIN PARCEL OF LAND CALLED RYEGATE. 9

In the twelve years that passed before Ryegate was settled, Newbury
and Haverhill had grown very rapidh', and in 1774 their joint popula-
tion was about 800, the most important settlement in the valley north
of Charlestown. There were several men in each town who had seen
service in the late war, and these were men of enterprise and business
sagacit}'. There were also men of liberal education who, with their
families, gave a high tone to the settlements, which were well established,
with good society, a church, schools, mills, taverns, courts and all the
adjuncts ol the best communities of that day, while as yet there was
not a habitation of white men, save perhaps a few hunters and fisher-
men, in all that is now Caledonia, Orleans and Essex Counties.

We will now speak of the charter of Ryegate. When the territorj^
now called Vermont, was opened for settlement there was a great desire
among speculators and men with money to invest to get hold ot wild
land. In those da3's there were few ways in which people could invest
their money, and so wild land was bought as an investment, as people
now buy stocks and bonds, or western land. In order to secure a legal
claim it was ver}' common for a sufficient number of associates to obtain
from the Governor of the province a charter for a town in the ungranted
part of the country^ and, having divided the land into "lots" or
"shares", wait for a rise in the value of wild land to realize a profit by
selling their holdings. In this manner some large fortunes were made by
shrewdness in selection of lands, and success in creating a demand for
them by encouraging and promoting their settlement. But there were
those who, through inexperience and credulity, found themselves the
owners of large tracts of wild land which could not be sold readily and
finding it hard to pay the taxes assessed were called "land poor."

On the eighth of September, 1763, the charter of Ryegate was
granted to Richard Jenness and ninetj'-three associates, b}' Benning
Wentworth, "Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Province of New
Hampshire." The township contained 23,040 acres, and there were 100
shares, which made about 230 acres to each right. Gov. Wentworth
retained for himself a tract of 500 acres in the south-east corner of the
town, which was accounted as two shares. There was also reserved one
share for the Incorporated Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in
Foreign Parts; one for a Glebe for the Church of England; one for the
first settled Minister of the Gospel, and one for the benefit of a school.

The Governor's tract was counted as two shares, and as his corres-
ponding reservations in Newbury, Haverhill and Bath lay in the adjacent
corners, he held in one body 2000 acres of land, part of which is now
covered by the flourishing village-; of Wells River and Woodsville.

Of the ninetv-four grantees of Ryegate, not one became an actual
settler, and in oidv one instance did a son of a grantee settle in the town.

10 HISTORY OK RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Indeed, with the exception of Joseph Blanchard, it does not appear that
any one of them ever set foot within its limits. Blanchard had been an
officer in the late war and afterwards a surveyor of lards in the new
country. He had been disappointed in his endeavor to secure grants of
Newbury and Haverhill for himself and his friends. His name, however,
was inserted in the charters of twelve towns in this state.

Why the name, Ryegate, was selected is not quite clear. It is
asserted that several of the grantees, among them William Thomas,
whose sons settled here, lived in Rye, N. H., and wished the new town
called by that name, to which the suffix, "gate," was added; while
another tradition is that the Jenncss family, of whom ten names appear
in the charter, originated near Reigate, England, a town of some
importance about 20 miles from London, and wished it to be called by
that name. On old maps, made before its settlement, the name is spelled
Reigate. Most of the grantees lived near Portsmouth, and were mer-
chants and business men. They did not, however, long retain the land,
but on the 3d of July, 1767, through their agent. Col. Israel Morey, of
Orford, N. H., conveyed, for one thousand pounds sterling, all their
rights to John Church of Charlestown, N. H., who sold the south half of it
to Rev. John Witherspoon, D. D., President of Princeton College. Not all
the grantees signed this deed, a circumstance which caused some trouble
in later years. * They were, perhaps, induced to take this step in con-
sequence of the difficulties between the authorities of New York and New
Hampshire, as to the ownership of what we now call Vermont, and
which must now be explained.

We have seen that the town was granted to Richard Jenness
and his associates by the royal governor of New Hampshire, the authori-
ties of that province at that time considering its western boundary to be
a line drawn from the northwest corner of Massachusetts to the southern
extremity of Lake Champlain, and up the middle of the lake to Canada
line, thus including all of what is now Vermont.

But the New York authorities contended that their province, north of
Massachusetts, extended to Connecticut River and denied the right of
Governor Wentworth to make grants of towns in that region. But in
spite of the remonstrance of the New York authorities, Wentworth con-
tinued to make grants of towns in the disputed territory, which came to
be known as "The New Hampshire Grants," until he had made grants
of one hundred and eighty towns between Lake Champlain and Con-
necticut River.

In 1764, the claims of the conflicting parties were laid before the
King in Council, who decided the case in favor of the New York claimants,
and a proclamation was issued declaring the west bank of Connecticut

* Whitelaw to William Neilson of New York, Dec. 31, 1798. Whitelaw Papers.

A CERTAIN PARCEL OF LAND CALLED RYEGATE. 11

River, from the province of Massachusetts Baj^ to the 45th parallel of
north latitude, to be the boundar^'line between the provinces of New York
and New Hampshire.

William Tyron became Governor of New York, and with his advisers
contended that in consequence of the Order in Council, all the grants of
towns made bv Governor Wentworth were null and void, and the grantees
and owners of lands in the Grants were ordered to surrender their chart-
ers and repurchase those lands under grants from New York. It is
not necessary to our narrative to give here any general account of the
troubles which arose, and the determined resistance made by the "Green
Mountain Boys," which is the pride of ever}' Vermonter. At that earlj-
date there were only a few settlements on Connecticut River, and their
inhabitants were far removed from aid and could not well act in concert
with the leaders west of the Green Mountains. Therefore the proprietors
of Newbur}', in 1772, considered that their wisest policy would be to
apply for a charter from the governor of New York, which, being granted
on the 19th of February 1772, secured them from all molestation from
that quarter. Acting probably by advice of the leading men of Newbur}^
Mr. Church applied for a similar charter, which was granted to Samuel
Wells of Cumberland Co., N. Y., James Cobham, Waldron Blaan, Samuel
Avery, John Fowler, James Abel, John McDowel, Henry Broad well, John
Campbell, Thomas Campbell, John Abel, William Kennedy, John Kelley,
Isapc Ball, Jun., Henry Holland, Dennis Carleton, John Broadhead and
William Strong, all of the City of New York, and Samuel Gale of the
County of Cumberland, the same tract which had been granted on the
8th of September, 1763, by the governor of New Hampshire, to Richard
Jenness and his associates, with the same reservations: "To their only
proper and separate use and behoof respectively forever as tenants in
common and not as joint tenants in fee and common socage, as of the
Manor of East Greenwich in the County of Kent, within the Kingdom of
Great Britain."

It is to be noted that the names of Waldron Blaan, Joseph Beck, John
Kellev, and James Cobham, are also affixed to the Newbury charter, and
were residents of New York who allowed their names to be thus used for
a consideration The original charter is now owned by the Vermont His-
torical Society.

On the 30th oi June, 1775, these fictitious grantees conveyed all their
title to John Churcli, receivingeach £5 for their services. William Patter-
son and Malichi Church were witnesses to an instrument acknowledged
before Henrv Holland, one of the Masters of the Court of Chancery for
the Province of New York.

This was about eighteen months after the south half of the town
had been sold to the Scotch American Company-, but as we shall see" in

12 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

the sequel, the legal transfer was not made till after this date. This
charter covered all the interest which had been conveyed to Dr. Wither-
spoon. On Jan. 20, 1776, Mr. Church sold to the Doctor, twenty-eight
lots of land in the North Division containing 2,760% acres for £210, New
York money, and a little later 5,212V2 acres in the same section to John
Pagan, a merchant of Glasgow. This John Pagan and others of the
name held considerable land in America, whose ownership and transfer is
rather interesting. In 1792, Mr. Pagan, then removed to Greenock, was
owner of a tract of 833 acres in Newbury, another of 2000 acres in Cav-
endish, and the above-mentioned land in Ryegate, while Dr. Witherspoon
was proprietor of 12,057 acres in Nova Scotia, being a part of what was
called the Philadelphia Grant. ^ In that year the latter, being in London
executed a bond to exchange his land in Nova Scotia, for the three tracts
owned by Pagan in Vermont, transferring the former to Robert, Thomas
and John Pagan, Jun., merchants at Poictou, Nova Scotia. The rate of
exchange was two acres of the Nova Scotia land for one in Newbury and
Cavendish, and four acres for one in Ryegate.*^ It would thus appear
that an acre of Ryegate Land was worth two in Newbury. But the
Pagan land in Newbury lay in the hilly region between the Limekiln
neighborhood and the Centre, so the difference is easily accounted for.
This exchange gave the Doctor 1597 acres in Ryegate, and the remainder
he purchased outright. '^ In 1774, he had purchased for his son James a
tract of 600 acres, in the northwest corner of the town, of which a further
account will be given in the annals of the Whitehill family.

On the 16th of February, 1792, he conveyed to Robert Hunter
of the City of New York, 2,075% acres, and on Dec. 24th of the next
year all his remaining land in Ryegate, "described on a map of Ryegate
Township made b}^ William Hammond, surveyor of lands in October and
November, 1775, on a scale of 60 chains to an inch," to William Neilson,*^
merchant, of New York. These with some minor transfers complete the
ownership of land to those b}^ whom it was sold to actual settlers.

a Newbury Town Records.

b Ryegate Land Records, Vol. II., pp. 142-149.

cDeed now owned by Vermont Historical Society, Ryegate Land Records,
Vol. IL, pp. 107-112.

dMany early deeds of land in the north part of the towai are signed by
this William Neilson. From "Old Merchants of New York" we learn that he
came from the north of Ireland before the Revolutionary War, and became very
v^^ealthy. After the war he took his sons into partnership and the firm name
^vas "William Neilson & Sons." They founded a Marine Insurance Company, of
which Mr. Neilson was first president, and which was very successful. This v^'as
the first company in America to keep a complete register of all vessels trading at
American ports. He had a country seat near Greenwich, now covered with
buildings. Mr. Neilson was an elder in the Second Presbyterian church, and at
his death left a large sum to it. Many of his letters are among the Whitelaw
papers.

A CERTAIN PARCEL OF LAND CALLED RYEGATE. 13

We will now consider the circumstances which led to the formation
of the Company under whose auspices the town was settled, and the
condition of the classes in Scotland from which the first settlers came.

The country had been in a state of profound peace since the suppres-
sion of the rebellion of 1745, and probably for a longer time than ever
before in the history of Scotland, and with the happiest results. With
peace came prosperity, the accumulation of wealth, and an improvement
in the condition of all classes. The increase in general intelligence was
great; schools were multiplied and the facilities for obtaining a univer-
sity education had never been so good. People read more, and the desire
of every Scotchman for knowledge was gratified and increased by the
extension of the means of obtaining it. In 1740, there were but seven-
teen newspapers published in all Scotland. In 1774, the number had
increased to fifty-six, and the circulation of one of them, the Caledonian
Mercury, exceeded the entire circulation of all the newspapers in Scot-
land in 1740 combined. People learned about foreign lands, and the
opportunities for advancement which were offered in the colonies of
North America. The return to Scotland of several regiments which had
seen service in the colonies during the late war, still further spread the
knowledge of the country, and awakened a condition of unrest. In
thousands of homes, the subject of emigration, its cost and its advan-
tages, was the constant topic of conversation. Every true Scotchman
desires to better his condition, and to secure advantages for his children,
which he has not had for himself, and they felt also, that the small far-
mers and artizans were not receiving their share of the increased pros-
perity of the country. The wealth of Scotland was mostly in the hands
of the nobility and the landed proprietors, while the common people were
poor. The condition of the laboring classes is nowhere more clearly set
forth than in the writings of Burns. At best, with most people it was a
hard struggle to keep the wolf from the door. The wages of an unskilled
laborer were so low and his work so uncertain, that it was rare that any
one of their class accumulated enough to make himself and his wife even
barely comfortable in old age. It required only a little misfortune to
bring a laboring man and his wife who had toiled all the days of their
lives to poverty and want The wages of skilled laborers, in the few
trades which were then pursued, were higher, and their condition a little
better. Carpenters and masons, according to so good an authority as
Adam Smith, received in 1770, about twice the wages of a plowman or a
reaper and the family of a carpenter or a mason, with good health and
steady employment for all old enough to work, might have a little left
over at the year's end.

More prosperous than these were skilled husbandmen, who were often
large tenant farmers, or were employed as managers of the estates of

14 HISTORY OF RYEGATE VERMONT.

merchants or the nohiht}'. The tenant farmers of the Scottish lowlands
were excellent managers and usually accumulated some property. The
first settlers of Ryegate and Barnet were drawn from all three of these
classes. Sir Walter Scott has left us pictures of all classes in Scotland
whose fidelity is attested by the memories of those who could, fifty 3^ears
ago, recall the conditions which prevailed in the latter half of the 18th
century.

Another reason which induced the desire to leave the country, was
the growing unrest over class distinctions in Scotland. The hereditary
aristocracy considered themselves made of better clay than farmers and
mechanics, and between these classes there was a great gulf fixed. All
the land was in the hands of the aristocracy; all the offices in the king-
dom were held b}^ them; no poor man could aspire to own a little land
all his own. In America all this would be changed. In America a man
would be his his own "laird,'' and there the toil and frugality which in
Scotland would secure only the means to live, would be rewarded by com-
petence and even wealth. In America too, the Presbyterian faith, and
manner of worship, could be enjoyed as well as at home. In America
there would be no landed aristocracy to lord it over them, and the poor
man's son had an equal chance with the rich man's. These were some
of the considerations which led hundreds of families and individuals to
break all the ties that bound them to their native land ; to brave the ter-
rors of an ocean voyage; to incur the hardships and unknown conditions
of settlement in the wilderness.

Not only were there emigrations of families and individuals, but asso-
ciations were formed in various parts of Scotland to purchase land for
settlement in America, and there form communities whose members would
be bound together by ties of previous acquaintance or relationship.
Many towns in Nova Scotia, New York, Penns^dvania and the southern
states were settled by colonies so organized. Sometimes these associa-
tions were assisted b}' some nobleman or wealthy merchant, but generally
they were joint stock companies, in which the adventurers, as they were
called, took shares. Such an association, called the Scotch-American
Company, was organized at Inchinnan in Renfrewshire, Scotland, on the
5th day of February, 1773, and articles of agreement drawn up by Rob-
ert Nairns, a " writer" of Port Glasgow, were signed by 137 persons.

From the circumstance that Inchinnan was chosen as the meeting place
of the members of tlie society, the association is often called the "Inchin-
nan Compau}'," to distinguish it from other Scotch colonies in America,
notablv that which settled Barnet under the leadership of Col. Alexander
Harvev.

CHAPTER III.

Inchinnan. — History. — Antiquities. — The Knights Templars. — Inception of
THE Scotch-American Company. — Regulations.— Commissioners. — " Bond
OF Association." — Names of Subscribers.

INCHINNAN, formerly called Killinan, one of the smallest parishes in
all Scotland, lies on the south side of the Cl3'de, about mid-way
between Glasgow and Greenock. It is separated by the river,
which a little below becomes an estuary, from Old Kilpatrick, through
which pass several lines of railway and the Forth and Clj^de canal.

On the east a small river called the White Cart separates it from
Renfrew, and a narrow burn divides Inchinnan from Houston and
Erskine. Paisley, Dumbarton, Johnston, Kilmalcolm, and a number of
smaller places from which the members of the company came, are from
eight to fifteen miles distant in different directions, north and south of
the Clyde.

Inchinnan seems to have been selected as the place of assembly
because of its central location and accessibility. Although situated on
the Clyde, in the near vicinity of some of the largest cities in Scotland,
Inchinnan is a very retired place, and its population, which in 1770 was
about 300, has hardly doubled in a century and a third. The land is low
and very level and large portions are overflowed by unusually high tides.
The climate, although damp, is very healthy, and the soil, a rich loam,
is carefully cultivated, the annual rent averaging £2 sterling, or about
$10 per acre. Dairying and the raising of horses are the principal pur-
suits; the chief crop is hay, with an average of four tons to the acre.
Inchinnan has no manufactures and was never the scene of any important
event; its only mention in the annals of Scotland is that it was the
place where the unfortunate Earl of Argyle was taken prisoner in 1685.

It is a very ancient town, and the name implies "The Island of the
Rivers." Its history is traced back to the 6th century, when the first
Archdeacon of Glasgow established the Christian religion there, not far
from the 3ear 590 A. D.

In 1158, King Malcolm IV. granted the lands to the Stewart family.
In 1511, one of the Stewart noblemen became the second Earl of Lennox
and received a charter or grant of land, which included the parish of
Inchinnan. The title became extinct in 1672, and the lands reverted to
the Crown in 1680. Charles II. granted the lands to his natural son,
whom he made Duke of Lennox and Richmond, which by purchase
became the property of the Blytheswood family in 1737. The present

16 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Lord Blytheswood is Lord Lieutenant of the County of Renfrew, and is
the owner of nearly all the parish of Inchinnan. Portions of the lands, as
well as certain of Houston and Erskine, are the property of the Douglas
family.

The parish church of Inchinnan has a very interesting history. The
patronage was granted by King David L to the Knights Templars, a
military order, whose headquarters were at Jerusalem, and who were
sometimes called the Red Cross Knights. This grant was inade about
1153. This Order had a branch at Greenend, and owned large tracts of
land. Their church was at Inchinnan ; the Knights were buried under the
church which was founded about 1100, and stood till 1828, when it was
taken down. This Order took a prominent part in the Crusades, and its
members became so wealthl}' and powerful that they excited the fear and
envy of the King of France and the ecclesiastics of Rome, who united to
suppress them and confiscate the Order. Their lands in Renfrewshire
were given to the Knights of St. John, who were displaced in their turn
by the Hospitallers, a Catholic order. These lands and religious titles
were united by purchase and grant with the crown lands in the present
Blj'theswood family. This history is here given because nearly all the
first settlers of Ryegate came from these parishes, thus held, and the
narrative is taken from "The Church and Parish of Inchinnan," by Robert
McClelland, and published in 1905. Mr. McClelland is the minister of
the Parish of Inchinnan.

From the letters, recently discovered, which were written to James
Whitelaw by his father in Scotland, it would seem that the project of
forming a company for the purpose of purchasing and settling land in
North America had been discussed during several 3'ears in different
parishes of Renfrew and Lanark shires. It appears also that several
meetings of the associates were held before any plan was decided upon
and that they solicited advice from persons who had traveled in America.
On the 1st of February, 1772, the first decisive step was taken, and at
successive meetings the articles of association were considered and
elaborated till they were reduced to writing, and at a meeting of the
company held at Inchinnan, Feb. 5, 1773, they were approved and
adopted.

The preamble to the regulations then and there agreed upon is as
follows:

" Having some time ago formed ourselves into a societ}' or copartner-
ship for purchasing lands in any of His Majesty's Dominions in America:
That the major part of the Companj' shall direct where they can be got
most commodious for the purposes after mentioned, and having each of
us advanced certain sums of money toward carrying the intended plan
into execution, and having had several meetings with each other there
anent, it was unanimously condescended and agreed upon that the fol-

THE INCHINNAN COLONY. 17

lowing rules and regulations shall be the stated fundamental rules and
regulations of the said Company, or Society. Subject nevertheless to be
altered or amended as circumstances may require, as shall be thought
proper by two-third parts of the partners, which rules and regulations
we the subscribers hereby bind and oblige ourselves, our heirs and succes-
sors to observe and inviolably perform to each other in all time coming."

The rules and regulations which follow are very formal, and fill fifteen
closely written foolscap pages in the "Journal of the Proceedings of the
Scotch American Company of Farmers." An}^ one who undertakes to
follow their antique legal phraseology, the words and phrases which are
now obsolete; its endless repetitions and involved style, will probably
understand less of their meaning at the end than before he began. Their
general tenor can be summed up in a few sentences.

After specifying the purposes of the organization, its officers and
their respective duties, they proceed to declare that the joint stock of the
Company consisted of 400 shares, whose value appears to be £2.1 Os.,
sterling, each shareholder having one vote, and if the purchaser of £10 in
stock, two votes. The funds of the Company were to be deposited in
some bank in Glasgow, under the direction of the ''Precess," [President]
and Board of Managers. The Company was to send two men to America,
who were called Commissioners, empowered to purchase a suitable tract
of land, which they were to lay out in lots corresponding to the number
of shares held in the compan3% and the smallest sums paid. A map or
plan of these lands was to be transmitted to the Compan}' in Scotland.
They were to lay out a portion of the tract as a town (i. e., village)
divided into lots 40 x 100 feet, with sites for storehouses, markets,
churches, schoolhouses, and other public buildings. All who took lots in
the town site were to build houses upon them within ten 3'ears. The
commissioners were empowered to clear lands and erect public and pri-
vate buildings and provide accommodations for settlers, till they were
able to build houses for themselves. They could clear a space on each lot
and erect dwellings on them, these expenditures of the Company to be
repaid before a deed was given.

Any of the Company who had been reduced to poverty by shipwreck
or other calamity were to be aided from the general funds, till thej- could
care for themselves. With practical good sense the}' provided for the set-
tlement of difficulties, and regulated the financial concerns of the colony,
and the form of government to be set up somewhere in the region
known as North America. With true Scotch prudence the}' directed the
settlers to conform their local government to the laws and customs of
the province where they should settle.

It is to be observed that this was in no sense areligious colony ; noth-
ing in its regulations confined citizenship to the adherents of any sect or
creed. With wisdom these projectors of a new commonwealth in America,

lO HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

in their deliberations upon the banks of tlie Ch'de in far-off Scotland, left
untouched and unmcntioned all its domestic relations. The}' onlv con-
templated the planting of a colony in America whose members should be
supported by a common bond of inter-dependence and where provision
was made for the unfortunate.

It is interesting to consider what changes time has wrought with
these anticipations. The Scotch American Compan}- long ago ceased to
exist; the "cit}-," so carefulh' laid out on " Fairview," has no existence
now even on paper; all that was formally prescribed in these closely
written pages long ago gave place to the customs of New England, but
the spirit which animated the founders of the town in that old day is
here still. All the changes of one hundred and thirty-five years have not
materially altered the character of the town, and within the present j-ear
a well knowm clergyman declared at a public gathering that the only
parts of Scotland he had ever visited were Ryegate and Barnet.

The commissioners selected were James Whitelaw of Whiteinch in the
parish of Govan, and David Allan of Sandylands in the parish of Inchin-
nan. Mr. Whitelaw was then twenty-four years of age, w^as well edu-
cated and had acquired a thorough knowledge of the art of surveying.
He became Surveyor-General of Vermont, and one of the best known
men in New England. He wrote much and his style is a model of clear-
ness and precision. From his journal and letters we have nearly all that
is known concerning the early da^s in Ryegate.

David Allan was ten 3'ears older, and appears to have been a man of
excellent business judgment, sound sense and considerable experience in
the valuation of lands. The journal of their travels in search of a suita-
ble tract in which to settle a colony, is given in the following pages.

Note. The "Bond of Association for the Company" was signed In- the fol-
lowing persons: William Houston, in Craigend ; David Smith, farmer in New-
mains; David Allan, farmer in Sandylands; William Hall, Freelands ; William
Blackwood, farmer in Boltone ; John Young, servant to Williaui Hall of Free-
lands; Matthew Killock, in Old Mains; William Neilson, wright.in Gateside ; John
Hall, tenant in Barsale, Agnes Hall, in Barsale ; Duncan AIcKeith, flaxdresser in
Gateside, all in the Parish of Inchinnan ; Donald McKenzie, James McCaie,
Norman McDonald, Alexander McDonald, Donald Sutherland, John McKey,
James and Alexander McPherson, and Alexander Grant, qnarriers ; James
Henderson, wright ; John and Lewis McEwens, labourers; James Blackwood,
smith ; William Blackwood, smith ; and William Blackwood, servant, with John
Whitehill, all in Inchinnan, and Lewis McEwan, Lnikeeper at Bridge of Inchinnan ;
Robert Semple, farmer, and Hugh and John Semple, residenters, both in Alossend
in the parish of Kilbarchan ; James Allison, servant to Lord Semple at Bishops-
town ; John Wilson, servant to William Craig, in Ditch; Jean Hall, tenant in
Longhaugh ; John Blair, servant to the said Hall; John Ritchie, smith in
Longhaugh ; William Craig, farmer in Ditch ; Jean Napier, spouse, and Jean
Bryden, daughter of David Bryden of Kihnaken, residing in Freelands; James
Neilson in Calside ; William Lang, farmer in Inglestone ; John Hamilton,
servant to Isabel Clark in Richiestone ; William and James Kings, and James
Glassford, farmers in Portoun ; Alexander Jack, grieve to Lord Blantyre;
William Graham, servant to William Glen in Ferrv ; Walter Alexander, farmer in

THE INCHINNAN COLONY. 19

Kiltoun ; John Laird, cooper in Cartimpan ; James Laird, in Cartimpan ; William
Clark, wrio^ht in Dr\-kno\YS ; Alexander Craig, servant to Rev. Walter Young,
Minister of the Gospel at Erskine; John Waddel, mason in Slateford ; Nicol
Cowan, servant to Air. David Bryden in Freeland ; William Neilson and John
Walker, farmers, and Hugh Gardner, smith, all in Glenshinnock ; Archibald
Taylor, cooper in Kilts; John Cooper, son of James Cooper, farmer in Alilhill;
John Whitehill, smith in Erskine, and James Laird at Milll)ank, all in the Parish
of Erskine ; W'illiam Semple, farmer in Brickhouse ; John and William Donalds,
Agnes and Mary Burnside, residenters, and Robert Burnside, farmer, all in
Gavinsburn : John Donald in Laigh-Gavinsburn ; James Donald of Burnbrae, and
Robert Watson, mason, all in Kilpatrick Parish; Andrew Baird, merchant; John
Tennant, maltman ; John Gardner, mathematical instrument maker, and Robert
Arthur, merchant, all in Glasgow; Alexander Symes, gardner, and William
Dunn, residenter, both of North Kenmuir, in the Barony Parish of Glasgow ;
Thomas Campbell, workman ; John Allen, weaver ; Matthew McGown, mer-
chant; Robert Blackwook, l)leacher, and William Blair, weaver, in Paisley;
William and Alexander McKeys, quarriers at Stanley in the Parish of Paisley;
William Tassey, farmer in Halehouse; John Graham, servant to James White;
and Thomas Young, in Chappleshill, all in the Abbey Parish of Paislev ; Robert
Orr, farmer in Hardrigg, and John Wilson, farmer in Blackholm, both in the
Parish of Kilmalcolm ; John and Andrew Arthur, farmers in Boaghall ; and John
Erskine, farmer, in Raillie, all in the Parish of Kilallen, William Stewart, school-
master in Houston ; Robert Brock and John Paterson, farmers at Barns of Clyde;
Walter and Matthew Roben, farmers at Third-part-Miln ; Alexander Paterson,
farmer in Drumry; Joseph Edmond, miller at Wheatmiln ; William Kerr at
Milltown ; George and William Moriston, farmers in Kilbanie; Matthew White,
farmer in Garneland ; John Malcolm, farmer in Townhead, Drumrie; David
Ferry, clothprinter at Dalquhurn ; Walter McLea, residenter at White Crook ;
Angus McKellar, dykebuilder at New Kilpatrick ; Thomas White, farmer at
Whitehill in East Kilpatrick; John Cross, Senior, miller at Braediesholm Miln,
and John Cross, Junior, at Braehead, both in Old Monkland ; Thomas Weather-
spoon, farmer in Shirrel; William Russell, smith in Cornbrae; Michael Thomp-
son, weaver in Haining; William Reid, residenter in Atherstone ; John Selkirk,
weaver in Brae; John Jack of Patonswells; John Scot, bleacher in Hillheadsholm ;
William Kirk, weaver there; James Whitelaw, land surveyor in White Inch in
the Parish of Govan ; Peter Craig, farmer in Boghouse in Neilstone Parish ; James
Jackson, farmer in East^vood Parish ; Alexander Barnhill, bre\ver ; James
Watson, merchant ; William Fulton, Alexander McPherson, merchants ; John
Wallace, grocer; John Menzier, bookbinder; Andrew Killock, cooper; Robert
Nairn, writer; John Lang, bre\ver ; Robert Lang, residenter, Alexander McLish,
sailor, and Duncan Ritchie, porter, all in Port Glasgow; James Nicol, cooper in
Greenock ; John Dennie, maltman in the townend of Dumbarton ; John Jamison,
farmer in Cloagh in the Parish of Inverkip ; John McKenley, miller at Bonhill ;
John McKenley, farmer in Twomarkland of Bonhill; William Smith, smitli at
Cameron of Bonhill ; and McKenlev at Millburn of Bonhill.

CHAPTER IV.

The Journal of James Whitelaw.

The Voyage.— Philadelphia.— New York.— Albany.— Mohawk River.— Rye-
gate.— Charlestown TO New York.— Susquehannah River.— Pennsyl-
vania.— Sir William Johnson. — Dartmouth College.

MR. WHITELAW'S narrative of their journey through the seaboard
states as far south as Halifax, North Carolina, is one of the best
descriptions of a portion of the American Colonies just before the
revolutionar}^ war, which we possess. The original manuscript volume
was, in 1878, presented to the Vermont Historical Society by Oscar L.,
and Robert H. Whitelaw of St. Louis, great-grandsons of James White-
law. In 1907 the journal w-as printed among the collections of the
Society. In the manuscript volume as preserved at Montpelier, the first
leaf is missing, which we are able to supply, errors have been corrected,
and from Mr. Whitelaw's letters and other data, a few notes are added.
His spelling of proper names has been retained.

Journal of James Whitelaw.

On Friday, March 19. We went to Greenock.

March 25, sailed on the Brigantine Matty, Capt. Thomas Cochran,

commander, and about 6 o'clock in the evening passed Ailsa Craig.

The weather w^as mild and the wind brisk from the N. W.
March 26, we continued on our waj' and passed along the Irish

coast which here seems very beautiful.
On Sat. March 27, w^e had our last view of Scotland, just before

sunset.
Sun. March 28, we had a very hard gale of wind which made most of

our female passengers wish themselves on shore again. We were

a little sea sick ourselves, but not long.
March 30, a ship was in sight going N. W. but at a great distance.
From March 30 to April 8, we had fair weather and a good breeze.

The captain is a very sensible and discreet man, and the sailors

are merry fellows, and a great deal more sober than they are

commonly represented. We have had very sociable young men

for our companions.
Thursday, April 8th, on the morning the weather turned calm, by

which time we were in Lat. 40° and Lon. about 18° during which

time nothing passed worth remarking, excepting that we saw^ the

main mast of a ship go along our side one morning.
It remained calm till Saturday, the 10th, on the morning of which

the wind shifted N. E., from which point we had a good breeze.

THE JOUKNAL OF JAMES WHITELAW. 21

and continued a S. W. course till Sundaj^ the 25th, when we were

in Lat 30° and Lon. 46° 30'.
Sunday, the 9th of May, we spoke a sloop from Virginia, bound for

Nevis, John Robertson, Master, fifteen days out, and in Lon. 62°

30' by his account, though by ours we were only in 61° 48'. We

had not seen any other vessel since Saturday, Aprile 10th.
We kept sailing between the Lat. of 30° and "^33° from the 25th of

April till Friday, the 14th of May, at which time we were in Lon.

68°. We stood then to the N. W., and on Wednesday, the 19th,

we spoke the brigantine Carpenter, from Philadelphia, bound for

Lisbon, Samuel Williams, Master, 35 leagues, E. S. E. of Cape

Henlopen.
Thursday, the 20th, about 3 o'clock afternoon, we had the first sight

of America, and about 9 o'clock at night we came to an anchor in

Delaware bay in order to wait for a pilot.
Friday, the 21st, about 7 o'clock in the morning, we got our pilot

aboard, when we loosed, and at night we came again to an

anchor at the head of the ba}-.
Saturda}', the 22nd, we loosed again about 7 o'clock in the mornino-,

and about 3 o'clock we came to an anchor about a mile below
Newcastle; about 6 o'clock same night the wind springing up fair

we again loosed and got as far as the high lands of Crastine,
where we again anchored.
Sunda}', the 23d, we had the wind all down the river, and was
obliged to turn up with the tide, and about 12 o'clock at nio-ht,
came to an anchor below Philadelphia, where we were obliged to
stay till the health officer came on board to visit the passengers,
each of which had to pay to him one shilling sterling.
Monda}', the 24, at 12 o'clock, we came to one of the wharfs, the

whole distance we sailed being about 5000 miles by the log.
When we arrived here Alexander Semple was standing on the wharf
ready to receive us in order to conduct us to his brother's house,
where accidentally we met with Dr. Witherspoon, who informed
us that he had a township of land called Ryegate, in the Province
of New York, upon Connecticut River, containing about 23,000
acres, which he was ready to dispose of, in order to serve us, in
case we thought it would suit our purpose, but in the meantime
desired us to make every other trial, and not be too hasty in
making a bargain, and instantly desired us to call for him at
Princetown, on our way to New York.
We stayed in Philadelphia three da^^s, where we were very kindlv
entertained by our friends and acquaintances, part of which time
we spent in viewing this city, which perhaps is the best laid out
in the world, the streets are all broad and straight, and all cross
each other at right angles, extending itself upon the banks of the
Delaware between two or three miles, and about one mile back
here is an excellent market for every article that farmers or others
have to sell and commonly ready money. We had several offers
of lands in this province, but deferred the viewing of them at this
time as by our commission we were first to begin at New York,
for which place we set out with the stage on Thursdav, the 27, at

22 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

six o'clock in she morning, and arrived at Princetown at 5 o'clock
in the afternoon, where we again met with Dr. Witherspoon,
Robert and John Hyndman and James Findlay; we stayed here
till the next stage day, which time we spent in viewing Doctor
Witherspoon's plantations, as also receiving particular intelli-
gence about the township of Ryegate from James Findlay and
John Hyndman, who had both been lately on the ground.
We set off again with the stage and arrived at New York on Tuesday
the first of June in the afternoon. On the road from Philadelphia
to New York we came through several handsome little towns and
crossed several navigable rivers.
The country here is generally well cleared & makes a very pleasant
appearance especially in the province of Pensilvania.

On our arrival at New York we were conducted to one Mr. Winter's
house for lodging, by Mr. Robert Hyslop, one of our fellow pas-
sengers, who had been eight 3'ears in this place before.

\Yednesda3% J"ne 2d, we were directed to Mr. Mason b\' the same
person, where we had the pleasure to meet with Mr. Marshal
from Philadelphia, and having delivered our letters of recommen-
dation to them, they promised to do everything in their power to
serve us, being exceedingly well pleased with our plan, and went
immediately along with us to several gentlemen in this city who
they knew had lands to dispose of and desired them to make out
their proposals to us as soon as possible, on account that we
wanted soon to leave the town.

We stayed here eight daj's, which time we employed in informing
ourselves where lands was to be got from surveyors and others
that was acquaint in the countr\', and several gentlemen in this
place have given us letters to their correspondents in the country
to show us their lands.

Saturda}^ the 5th, the Matt}' arrived here from Philadelphia, & on
the 8th we wrote home.

Wednesday, the 9th, having got our business over in this place, we
set off in a sloop for Albany, commanded b}' one Captain Cuyler,
and on Thursday, the 10th about 4 o'clock in the morning, the
wind being contrary, we came to an anchor at a place called the
butterhill about 66 miles above New York, and on Friday night
we came to Pokeepsie wharf, which is 33 miles from York from
whence we loosed on Saturday morning, and at night we arrived
at Alban}% and was conducted to the house of Mr. Cartwright
for lodging by our Captain.

The banks of Hudson's River from a. little above New York to within
twelve miles of Albany appears to be very barren, being mostly
rocky on both sides, and in some places exceeding high and all
covered with small wood.

Albany is much about the size of Port Glasgow, the houses built ot
brick and wood, and the streets ver}' broad, and pretty regular,
and the country on the river side is very pleasant.

On Monday, the 14th, we delivered the letters we had from our
friends in N. York to several men in this place, especially one to
'Mr. Campbell, who informed us that he knew a good many lands

THE JOURNAL OF JAMES WHITELAW. 23

in several parts of the Province, but the best he knew of was on
the Mohawk river Ijelonging to Sir WiUiam Johnson*, Bart., and
was so good as to give us a letter of recommendation to him.

On Tuesda}', the 15th, we set out for Johnstown, and arrived there
on Wednesday, the 16th, about 5 o'clock afternoon, and lodged
with one Mr. Tice. From Albany to Scenectady, which is 16
miles, the country is barren sand covered with pine. Scenectady
is a handsome little town, and stands on the south bank of the
Mohawk river, at which place we ferried over the river. The flats
upon this river from this to Johnstown are all ver\' fine land, but
as you ascend the country it is very stoney, tho the soil is good
and covered with oak, beech, walnut, and hickory and divers
other kinds of wood. About an hour after we came to Johns-
town we met with Sir William Johnson at our lodging, who told
us that he had plenty of lands either to set or sell, and appointed
to-morrow at 9 o'clock to meet with him at his house which
appointment we kept, but he being taken ill of a cholic we
could have no access to him till Frida}' afternoon, at which time
he ordered a surve3or to go along with us to show us the lands
of which Mr. Campbell spoke, which is one of the places which he
had a mind to sell.

On Saturday morning we set off along with the surveyor to view the
above mentioned lands, and having passed over a large patent of
very fine land, which he only leases on the following terms, viz.:
The first five vears free, and ever after at six pounds the hundred
acres, York currencv, reserving to himself all coals or other min-
erals which ma}' be found in the ground We next came upon the
lands he proposed selling to us, which also is tolerable good land
tho not so good as the last mentioned tract. The situation
seemed to us not very agreeable, being about 12 or 14 miles from
the Mohawk river and over a high hill, and some large swamps,
also the price we thought high, being a dollar an acre. While we
stayed here we bought two horses, viz. : one from Dr. Adams at
eight pounds, and the other from Billy Luckey at nine York
currency

On Monda}', the 21st. we set off from Johnstown by the same road
we went up, till we came to Scenectady from whence we went
along the south bank of the Mohawk river through an old Dutch
settlement of excellent low land abounding with wheat and all
other kinds of grain, and at night lodged at Loudons ferry.

[Two things very remarkable happened since we left York, viz. : on
the 12th of June the frost was so strong that the ice in many
places was as thick as a dollar and did a deal of harm to Indian

*XoTE. Sir William Johnson was born in Ireland in 171.^, and was a nephew
of Sir Peter Warren, by whom he was sent to take charge of his great estate in the
Mohawk Valley, thirty miles north of Schenectady-. He became an Indian trader,
and married a sister of Joseph Brant, the great chief of the Six Nations. He was
appointed superintendent of Indian Affairs in 1755, and acquired great influence
over the Indian tribes. In the Old French War he was an officer of great fame.
He died about a year after Whitelaw's visit. His son who succeeded him became
a tory, and settled in Canada. Johnson Hall is still standing.

24 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Corn, potatoes and other tender plants, and on the 17th Colonel
Johnson's house was burnt by lightning, both things are very
uncommon in this place. — Whitelaw's letter]

On the 22nd we set out from Loudon's ferry, and after crossing the
Mohawk river we came through a large tract of barren land,
after which we came into a fine, large, well inhabited flat of good
land on the banks of Hudsons river, and going up the river we
went through Stillwater and Saratoga, a little above which we
crossed the Hudsons river, and w^ent along through a large flat
covered with pines for three or four miles, then crossed Battenkill,
which is a pretty large river and good land in many places on its
banks, and at night we came to the house of Mr. Reid at White-
creek, where John White stays, where we lodged till the 23d, on
which we set out for Dr. Clark's where we were kindly entertained,
and he gave us many friendly advices how to behave concerning
our affairs, and several letters of recommendation to his acquaint-
ances in several parts of America, and he told us he had some
good lots of land to dispose of but not so much as to serve our
purpose. [From there we were to have gone to Crown Point, but
Dr. Clark told us that all the lands about Lake Chaniplain were
in dispute between the two governors of York and New Hamp-
shire, indeed all the land in the province between the Lake and
Connecticut River. — Whitelaw's letter to the Company.]

On the 24th we set out from Dr. Clarks and came along the banks of
Battenkill a great way, which is all high ground, and the settlers
here apply themselves mostly to raising stock. By night we got
as far as Manchester, where we lodged with one Mr. Allan.

The 25th in the morning we set out from Mr. Allans and for ten miles
we had no road but only the trees marked and some places it was
almost impossible to go through by reason of rocks, boggs, high
mountains and other diflicultys. We saw no house till twelve
o'clock when we came to one Mr. Uttlies where we dined, then set
out again on a road which was cut but as there was little repair
on it, it was all choaked up in many places by old trees falling
across it which made it little better than the iormer. Here we
traviled 16 miles without seeing anv house (except two or three
which were forsaken l)y their inhabitants on account of some dis-
pute which has subsided for some years between the (jovernments
of New York and New Hampshire concerning their boundar}^ line,
so that the people which settled under one Government were so
harra«sed by the other that they have left their plantations and
got new ones in places where there is no dispute). At night we
lodged at Chester and on the 26th we crossed Connecticut river
and came to Charlestown in New Ham[)shire, where Mr. Church
lives who is partner with Dr. Witherspoon in Ryegate, and
Monday, the 28th, we set out along with him to view it and
arrived at it on Wednesday, the 30th in the morning, when we
set out from the house of Mr. Hosmcr, who lives on the town
about a mile from the southeast corner. On our first outset we
went along the River side through barren, hillv land, the wood
mostlv hemlock, and we crossed two pretty large brooks, both

THE JOURNAL OF JAMES WHITELAW. 25

fit for mills, after which we went westward over a tract of pretty
good land, the wood, beech, mapple and some Hemlock and birch,
till we came to the place pitched on b\'John Hyndman, [where
William Nelson, Sen., afterwards lived,] then continuing west we
went over a small piece of rocky land, then over a large tract of
good land, the wood mostly beech and maple, with some ash and
birch, and well watered with plenty of small brooks, then over
about four chains of a rockey hill, then good land as before for a
considerable way, then we came to a large pond, the banks of
which are steep, barren land and mostly covered with hemlock
and pine. We continued westward along the side of a large hill,
in many places pretty steep and stoney, tho good ground and
may be excellent pasture, the wood, beech, mapple, basswood and
some ash, after which we traviled southward over a very large
tract of exceeding good land, all lying towards the south and
pretty level and may be very easy cleared, as the trees are at a
distance from one another, and scarce any undergrowth, the
wood, beech, maple and basswood, after which we went east-
ward over an excellent meadow, then over a small piece of barren,
sandy ground covered with pines, then over good land till we
came near the river side which is barren as before, and so ended
our course.

On Friday, July 2nd, we returned and arrived at Charlestown on
Saturday night. All this way which is about 72 miles is
filled with new settlers, and the country in many places good
land, but the most inconveniencey is its distance from navigation.
Rjegate lies more than 200 miles above Hartford, which is the
fairest that sloops come up Connecticut river, above which it is
only navigable for canoes, and there are four falls which makes
about ten miles of land carriage, the nearest seaport to R\^egate
is Portsmouth, which is about 100 miles and the road not good,
however, they can sell the produce of their farms pretty high in
the meantime to new settlers, the}' sell wheat commonh^ about
four shill: ster. a bushel, Rye about the same, and Indian corn
about three shillings. Beef about two pence and mutton the
same, and pork about five pence, butter about 6 pence and Cheese
about four pence halfpenny per pound, all ster:

On our way to Rj'egate we lolged at Hanover, where Mr. Wheelock
has his Indian Academy or College. When we went and called
for him and told him what we had heard concerning his land
before we left Scotland and he said he had about as much land
now as would serve about 30 families, which he would give to
settlers if thev would but come and live upon it, and he said he
\vould prefer Scotch people before any other, as he thought much
of their religion and manner of Church government, but as the
country settles so fast he expects it will all be settled in a short
time, he told us he had at his College about SO Students, above
30 of which were upon Charity and 1 7 of them Indians. [He
invited us into prayers in his college where he prayed very
earnestlv for all the people who had contributed to the building
and maintaining of the college. — Whitelaw to Company.]

26 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT,

On Mondaj', the 5, we left Charlestown and got on our way to York,
and as the nearest and best road is down the east side of Connec-
ticut River, we came through three of the New England Govern-
ments.: Newhampshire, Massachusets Bay and Connecticut, we
had the river alwavs in our view, every now and then till we
came to Hartford, in the Connecticut as Government, and it
has many shallows and rifts in it all that way, but is so deep
below that, that small sloops come that length, we saw nothing
remarkable all this waj', the part of Newhamshire government
which we came through for man}' miles below Charlestown is
poor, barren ground, but toward the lower end of it the ground is
good and all well settled and has several pretty large towns, of
which the most remarkable are Northfield, Sunderland, old Hadly
and South Hadly, after we came into the Massachusets Bay
government, which has been all settled for a long time, and is a
well inhabited and pleasant Country, abounding in all kinds of
grain and has abundance of large orchards, and has many towns
of Considerctble bigness, such as Springfield, Suffield, Windsor,
Hartford, Weathersfield, &c., next we came through Connecticut
government, which is likewise an old, settled place, and pretty
good land in many places, tho in most places very stoney, but the
whole road is almost shaded with fruit trees, so that you may
pull as many cherries and apples in their season as you please
without going out of your road, and it is not uncommon for one
farmer to make one hundred Barrels of Cyder in one year, each
barrel containing eight Scotch Gallons. There are many large
towns likewise in this government, such as New Haven, Milford,
Stratford, Fairfield, Norwalk, Stamford and Horseneck. These
are all along the Sea Coast. Next we came again into York
Government, which in this place is exceeding stone}', though the
soil is in many places pretty good, and they have likewise
abundance of large orchai'ds. And after coming through several
small towns on the coast, such as Rye, New Rochel, East Chester,
and Kingsbridge, we arrived again at New York on Monday the
12 of July, after a seven days' ride from Charlestown.

The people here are affable and discreet and of a fair Complexion. The
women in particidar are very handsome and beautiful. The In-
dians, of which we saw plenty at Johnston, are of a tawnv Com-
plexion, and of an ordinary size, and goe almost naked excepting
a kind of blanket which they wrap abput their shoulders, and
two pieces ot skin, one of which hangs down before and another
behind to cover their nakedness. They seem to be very fond of
jewels, a great many of them wearing ear rings, braclets and nose
jewels, which is an ear ring which thev hang between their mouth
and nose, the gristle of their nose being pierced for that use.
They have their faces for the most part painted with red and
black Stroaks. They have straight black hair, which their squas
or women always wear long. We saw one man of them in
particular, which besides all the forementioned jewels, had a
round piece of leather hung before his breast, which was all drove
full of white headed nails, and had a great number of buttons and

THE JOURNAL OF JAMES WHITELAW. 27

other trinkets hung round it. He had a cap made of some beasts
skin, with the hair on it, and a long tail hanging down to the
small of his back and 20 or 30 womens Thimbles hung to the end
of it, and as he went along made a mighty noise by the tinkling
of his Thimbles, buttons and other jewels.

They have here an excellent breed of horses, black cattle, sheep, and
vast numbers of hoggs, and their land produces Indian Corn, Rye,
Wheat, peas, barly, oats and flax. Their Indian Corn will
produce 50 bushels per acre. Rye and wheat from 20 to 30 bushels
per acre, barW, peas and oats about the same quantity, the
common prices through this province are much the same as those
which 3^ou find before in the description of Ryegate. They sow
their flax very thin, as their only intention is to raise seed and
they do not pull it till it be quite ripe.

The weather since w^e came to this country has been mostly dry and
for the most part clear. The heat tho they tell us, has been for
some weeks rather more than common is nowaj's intolerable, tho
a good deal warmer than at home. We stayed at New York
three da^'S, which time we spent informing ourselves about the
Southern Provinces, and also to refresh our horses which were
very much fatigued.

On the 15th, at noon, we set off for Philadelphia and come to Prince-
town on the 16th at night, here we staid till the 19th. Dr. With-
erspoon being so good as to find us pasture for our horses, which
was ver}' rare to be got on account of the great drought, the like
of which has not been known these many years.

Doctor Witherspoon has now made us his projjosals concerning R^-e-
gate, and his terms are these, if we take the whole, reserving to
them 2000 acres, two shillings ster: P acre, if three-fourths
reserving them 1500 acres, 3-3 York Currenc}-, and if we take
only one-half, three shillings York money. But he advised us to
be at all due pains, and if we should find a better place for our
purpose, to take it, as he is very fond that our scheme should
succeed.

Princetown is a handsome littletown and stands on a pleasant situa-
tion, and the College is said to be the best and the largest build-
ing in America, and at present contains upwards of 100 students,
besides about 80 Latin scholars.

CHAPTER V.

Whitelaw's Journal. — Continued.

Observations in Southern Pennsylvania. — The Ohio Country. — Maryland
Virginia. — Observations in North Carolina. — The Eastern Shore of
Maryland. — Purchase of Ryegate.

This journal of Mr. Whitelaw's is made up of extracts by himself
from his letters to Scotland. Copies of some of these were found among
the Whitelaw papers, and give many additional particulars, although
the most important of them are here given. They visited some spots
which, later, became historic. Not only did they cross the estate of
Mount Vernon, and might have seen Washington himself, then a retired
colonel of Virginia militia, but they crossed the site of the present city of
Washington.

At Saratoga they traversed the region where, four 3'ears later.
General Burgoyne was overthrown. His account of places which, then
in their infancy, afterwards became great and opulent cities, is very
interesting.

On the 19th, after dining with the President, we left this place and
arrived at Philadelphia on the 20th, in the afternoon. Here we
stayed till the 26th, which time we spent informing ourselves
about this and the Southern Provinces, in which we was much
assisted by Mssrs. Semple, Sproat, Milliken, Stewart and Mar-
shal, who gave us letters themselves, and also caused others of
their acquaintances to give us letters to their several correspond-
. ents, to give us any assistance or advice that they could.

On the 26th in the afternoon we left this place and proceeded on our
way to Shamokin or Fort Augusta, and arrived there on the
30th. The lands on this road are pretty flat and also good for
the most part for about 50 miles from Philadelphia, and the
houses mostly built of stone and mostly possessed by Dutch and
Germans, but as yoti advance the country it is mountainous and
exceeding rockey so that it is scarce fit for settling, tho the lands
are all taken up and surveyed till you come within 8 miles of the
fort, where the land becomes more flat and very good. We had a
good deal of difficult}- to find provisions on this road, as at one
place we had 17 miles without a house and the next stage we had
23 miles, and little to be got when we came to these houses at
fort Augusta. We lodged with one Mr. Hunter till the 2d of
August, which time we employed in informing ourselves about the
lands here and on the other parts of the Susquhanna, which had
been much recommended to us by some people in Philadelphia but
we found that there was no one place large enough for our pur-
pose but plent}^ too large for otir money, as wood lands sells here
from 20 to 50 shillings pr. acre. Here they have laid out a new

THE JOURNAL OF JAMES WHITELAW. 29

town much after the plan of Philadelphia which is building very
fast. Here we met with some more of our old friends, the Indians,
who spoke English very well, and were likewise very courteous,
particularly one John Hendrick, son to King Hendrick, one of the
Mohawk Sachems, who was much renowned for a great warrior.

On the 2d of August we left this place and set out for Carlile. We
rode the Susquehanna a little below the new town (which is
called Sanbury) where it was upwards of half a mile broad, as it
took us 22 minutes to cross it, and it is about 2 feet deep upon an
average from side to side, and the stream pretty rapid, and at
this time it is at its lowest pitch.

The ground along the banks of this river is very flat and good for
about 8 miles, and watered by two small rivers, called Penns
Creek and Middle Creek, then it is rocky for several miles, then
tolerable flat and good till you come to the Blue Mountain, and
well watered b_y Juniatta river, after Crossing the blue Mountain
we came into the County of Carlile, which is prett}^ level and
good land about the town and all well settled. This, like all
other American towns, is laid out in squares, with straight
streets, and contains a good deal of inhabitants.

On Thursday, the 5th, we set out on our way to Alexander Thom-
son's, and on our way lodged with Allan Scrogg, a farmer from
Scotland, to whom we had been recommended. Here we met
with an uncommon large spring, which in the dryest season of the
. year affords sufficient water for two breast milns. From this we
went to Alexr. Scrogg's who is brother to the former, they have
both got large plantations, and Alexander in particular told us
that about 36 years ago they came over young men and he had
only twenty pounds of stock and went along viewing the country
till he spent a great part of it, then went to labour for some time
after, after which he bought a large plantation, and when his
oldest son married, he gave him one half of it, and bought another
to his second son for 700 pounds, and what he has 3'et in his own
hand free of debt he says he ^vill not part with for a thousand
pounds.

From this \ve came to Shippensburgh which is a small town contain-
ing 50 or 60 houses, — here we got directions for finding Alexander
Thomson's which is about seven miles from this place, and we
arrived at his house in the afternoon, where we was kindly
entertained, as he had been looking for us a long time. Here we
sta^'cd ten days to refresh our horses, which was in ver\^ much
need of it by this time. He has got an excellent plantation of 400
acres of land for which he paid 500£ currenc}^ which is nigh 300£
ster : It lies about 150 miles from Philadelphia, but their nighest
landing is Baltimore in Maryland, which is only 90 miles from
him, though they have to cross the blue ridge in going to it. This
is a fertile soil and all lying upon limestone and this valley con-
tinues through all the Provinces of Pennsylvania, Maryland and
Virginia, and lies between the Blue ridge and North Mountain,
and as it goes southward grows wider till it is so broad that one
can scarce see over it. The south side of it is all limestone and

30 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

exceeding good land, and the north part of it is what they call
slate land and is not very good.

Alexander Thomson had 50 acres Clear when he bought his planta-
tion, and has cleared other 50 himself, he has plenty of all kinds
of grain and he seems to be exceedingl}^ well pleased with his
situation, and they have never one of his family been sick since he
came to this place, and he says he thinks people are in general
more healthy there than in Scotland. He told us that all the
lands in or nigh that place was taken up but he could buy plenty
of single plantations w^ith improvements on them for about three
pounds sterling an acre, as he told us that many people in that
neighborhood was selling their plantations and going back to the
Ohio, and he thought that would be the best place for us. But
after we made all the enquiry about it that we could, we did not
think it a fit place for us. For though it is allowed by all to be
the best land in America, yet it lies entirely out of the way of all
trade, being 300 miles of land carriage from the nearest naviga-
tion, and the river itself is fit for no other vessels but canoes or
battoes of two or three tons burden, and the lowest settlements
on the Ohio are above 2000 miles from the mouth of the
Mississippi, and tho two men can go down with one of those
battoes in twenty days, yet twelve men will have much adoe to
bring it up again in five months, so that there is little probability
of ever having much trade there, and though the people can have
some sale for their produce in the meantime to new settlers,^yet in
a few years that market will naturalK- cease, and though the}' can
raise all the necesarys of life, they can never have an}' money for
their grain, as the price of two bushels will have adoe to bring
one to market, and salt sells there just now at 20 shillings a
bushel. Rum, and all other things which are brought from the
sea coast sells at the like extravagant price.

The province of Penns3'lvania seems the most desirable to live in of
an\' place we have yet seen, but it is mostly settled where it is
good, and what is to settle is very dear as you cannot have an
acre of good land within 150 miles of any landing for less than
twenty or thirty shillings.

Here the people are kind and discreet, except the Dutch or Germans
who inhabit the best lands in this province, who are a set of
people that mind nothing of ga3'ety,but live niggardly and gather
together money as fast as they can without having an}' inter-
course with anybody but among themselves. Most of the people
m this Province look fresh and healthy, except the women who
have for the most part lost their teeth, with eating too many
fruits which they have here in great plenty.

Here they have plenty of good horses and all other kinds of cattle,
and the ground produces wheat, barley, Rye, Indian Corn, oats,
buckwheat, flax, peas and beans of various kinds. They have
likewise Melons, Cucumbers, squashes, gourds and pumpkins
growing in the open fields, and their gardens are well supplied
with all kinds of roots and other garden stuffs that are to be
found in Europe.

THE JOURNAL OF JAMES WHITELAW. 31

The air is commonly clear, and the country is as healthy as an}^ place
in Europe, excepting only where there are large Marshes or ponds
of stagnated water, which is dangerous for agues but we have
not yet seen one have the ague since we came to the Country.
The summer is pretty hot, but not to such a degree as people at
home are taught to believe. They tell us the winters are mostl}^
frosty, but clear, sun shine weather, which prevents it from being
so cold as it would otherways be.

On Tuesday, August 17, we left Alexander Thomsons and set out
towards the south, and after passing a very small town called
Chamberstown, we came into the Province of Maryland, and
lodged at night in a handsome little town of about 150 houses,
called Heagerstown. We left this in the morning, and came next
to Sharpsburg, which is about the same bigness, and about mid-
day came to Potomack river, and crossed over to Sheepherdstown
in Virginia.

This small part of Maryland which we came through is part of the
forementioned valley and is very good land and all settled.

Sheepherdstown is txpon the banks of the Potomack (but about 70
miles above the falls) and contains about 70 or 80 houses. Here
we met with Thomas White, and he and us spent the evening in
viewing the town and the countr\^ about it, and in the morning
went along with us to his acquaintances through the country to
make what inquiry we could about lands, but could hear of none
in this government without going 2 or 300 miles from navigation.
The country here is very good and the people healthy.

We next set out for Carolina and after Crossing Shanadore river we
came over the blue ridge and down to the heart of Virginia, and
we went down the south side of Potomack river and came
through several towns such as Alexandria, Colchester, Dumfriee
and Aquaia, and then across the Country and crossed Rappa-
hanock River between Falmouth and Fredericksburgh and next
we crossed the head of York River at Herrs bridge, then over
James river and so through the country and over Roanoak at
Taylor's Ferry, after which we came into North Carolina.

The people in the lower parts of Virginia complain much of sickness
at this season of the year, but higher up they are prettj^ healthy.
Here they have excellent Indian Corn in some places, but the
ground is mostly sand}'^ and poor, and the places that are good
are all planted with Tobacco, and here is but little wheat or other
grain. The planters here live well and are all quite idle, as none
but negroes work here, of which some planters will have several
hundreds, which at an average are worth 60 or 70 pounds ster:
apiece, and in these all their riches consists, for there are few ol
them l)ut are in debt to the storekeepers, and it commonly takes
all their Crops to Cloath themselves and their negroes. But
those that are industrious and labour themselves, and particu-
larly they who make grain, can make a good deal of money, as
the grain sells pretty well and does not require one half of the
labour that tobacco does.

About four miles from Roanoak we came into North Carolina, and
went right to Mr. Allason's house. The land from the line of the

32 HISTORY OF KYEGATE VERMONT.

province to this place is for the greatest part very sandy and
much of it covered with pines, and in some places a kind ol red
clay mixed with sand, and the wood mostly oak here. Mr. Alla-
son has got a good plantation lying along ihe side of a creek, and
he tells us he has bought two other good plantations, and could
buy plenty more very reasonably, but he does not think that our
scheme will suit this place well, as there are no tracts of good
land to be had in one place, as the good lands lie mostly in nar-
row strips along the water sides, and the people settle on these
places and keep the high grounds for range to their Cattle, for
which they are excellent, as these pine grounds are all covered
with excellent grass. (We arrived here on Tuesday, August the
31 in the afternoon). The lands here sells from ten to twenty
shillings P. acre, and we can hear of no person that has any large
tract in one place to dispose of.

On Wednesday, the 8th of September, we left Mr. AUasons and at
night arrived at Bute, where we were kindly entertained by Mr.
William Park, from Renfrew and after telling him our plan, he
advised us to Call upon one Mr. Montfort, in Halifax, who he
told us had the best tract of land to dispose of that he knew of
in that countrv. Mr. Park was so kind as to give us a letter of
recommendation to him, we had likewise a letter of recommenda-
tion to him from Mr. David Sproat in Philadelphia.

On Thursday, the 9th, we left Bute and arrived at Hallifax on Friday
forenoon when we went and Called for the above mentioned Mr.
Montfort who used us very civill}'- and told us of several tracts of
land that he had to dispose of, one of which la}' in Bute County
and was the one recommended to us by Mr. Park. He told us
that it contained nearly 6000 acres, the whole as well watered as
an^' tract of the same quantity in America, having many very
constant and fresh running streams through it. There is not 200
acres in the whole but what he told us is fit for tillage and much
of it excellent for wheat and tobacco. He told us there were 4
plantations Cleared and tended thereon, perhaps the 4- Contain-
ing in all about 400 acres of cleared land, all the rest wood land.
He told us likewise that there was a good grist miln on a fine
constant stream, wdiich has never too much or too little water,
and that there are several barns & small houses on the different
plantations and his price is 9000£ Virginia Currency or 7000£
sterling. He likewise told us that he had a tract of land in Hali-
fax County of about 2400 acres, one part of which is within 4
miles of Halifax town, and the farthest part of it is about 7 or 8
miles from said town. There is in this tract a great variety of
kinds of soil, it is all level and pretty well watered, is mostly
wood land, some a light sand}' soil, some a very strong Marley
soil, and very stiff, other parts a mixture between the two, fineh'
timbered with Pine, oak and Hickory, a great deal of it proper
for making the finest meadows. This land he will sell for 1000
pounds ster. if taken soon, and he sa3's is worth a great deal
more.
He told us also of another tract of land that he had on the head of
Broad River, in Tryon County, Containing nearly 7000 acres,

THE JOURNAL OF JAMES WHITELAW, 33

and all of it as rich, fine land as any yet discovered in America,
being all of it Cane land or high low grounds, which never over-
flows and grows full of Cane reeds, well timbered and watered and
most excellent for raising cattle and Horses. It is all naturally
enclosed by the steep, high mountains from the west side round
by the north by the east, and is only open to the southeast where
a waggon road may go easy and level along the river side into
the land. This place was formerly known by the name of the
great cove and is of late years known by the name of Montfort's
Cove. This land pays to the Crown four shillings Proclamation
monev of North Carohna P. hundred quit rent P. annum.

He will take one thousand five hundred pounds ster. for this tract of
land if a purchaser offers soon and pays down at the time ot
agreement and receiving title, but unless that happens within six
or seven months of this time, he sa\'S he will not take under two
thousand that money. He says if the whole is not as good land
as to be found in the upper, he will not desire any person to be
bound by the bargain they make for it.

About 80 miles from this land there are one or two places of trade on
rivers Navigable for large Boats— it lies 200 miles to Charlestown
on a fine waggon road.

After having dined with Mr. Montfort we set out on our way for
Edinton, where we arrived on Monday, the 13th. The country a
good way down from Halifax is nothing but barren sand, and
when you go lower down the ground is low, flat and marshy and
along the banks of the Roanoak the lands are very rich, but so
low and flat that in great freshets the river overflows it for sev-
eral miles and sweeps all before it. The land about Edinton is all
either barren sand or watery swamps. When we came to Edin-
ton we called for Mr. Smith, to whom we had been recommended
by Mr, Sproat in Philadelphia. He told us of large tracts of
good land upon pretty good navigation, but the price high and
the Climate sickly. As to the soil of Carolina we have told in the
beginning of our description of it that there are strips of good
ground along the sides of rivers and creeks, and the rest sandy
and mostly Covered with pines and fit for nothing but raising of
cattle which is the only thing the people in this country depend
upon. The grass in the woods is rank and good, and the winter
being short they can rear cattle without much cost or care. The
soil will produce Indian Corn pretty well, which is the only grain
the people live upon. Some of their ground will produce wheat,
but in small quantitys and it must be thrashed out imtnediately
when cut, or else they lose it by being eat by a small insect called
a wevle. They have cotton, tobacco and some small quantitys of
indigo and rice in some places, but the Culture of indigo is so
unhealthy that they reason if a negro lives ten years and works
among it they have a good bargain of him.

Note. John Wilson, an early settler of Ryegate, and a native of Scotland,
afterwards went to sea; and, about 1815, was living at Edinton (Edmandton)
whence he wrote to General Whitelaw.

S-i HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VERMONT.

As to the climate, it is exceedingly hot in June, Jul}' and August, and
very Cold in January and February, and the rest of the year tem-
perate, and in the back parts the people are healthy, but after we
came below Halifax we did not enter one single house but we
found sick persons, and in some we could not hnd one whole per-
son to feed our horses. As to religion, we scarce saw any appear-
ance of it in this Country, but the establishment is Episcopal.

Finding that we could do nothing there, we lelt Edinton on Mon-
day afternoon, and returned on our way to the North Country
again, and in our way passed through Suffolk, which is a
handsome little town in the lower parts of Virginia, and on
Wednesday, the 15th, we got to Norfolk, which is the largest
town in Virginia, and stands on a river deep enough to bring
large ships up to the town. This town seems to be about the
bigness of Greenock, and seems to have a good deal of trade.
Here we was obliged to stay till Saturday before we could get a
fair wind to Carr}' us over the Bay. This passage is about 60
miles, viz.: from Norfolk down to the Bay 25 miles; across the
bay to the eastern shore 35 miles. We crossed this bay (viz.
Cheesapeak) within sight of the Capes of Virginia, and by going
this road we brought 14 ferrj^s all into one which we would have
had to cross if we had gone by the post road, and we likewise
shortened our road above 20 miles. After crossing at this place
we went through several handsome little towns, such as Snowhill,
Crossroads, Dover, Wilmington, Chester and Derb}', and arrived
at Philadelphia on the 26th of September. All the way from
Edinton till you come within about 60 miles of Philadelphia the
ground is light and sandy and for the most part does not produce
above 10 or 12 bushels of wheat P. acre, but when you come
within 60 miles of Philadelphia, the ground Changes from sand to
good brown earth and will produce large crops of wheat or any
other grain, here it is exceeding pleasant traveling at this season
of the year, as the fields are all quite green with young wheat
which makes a much better appearance than it does in Scotland
at this time of the year.

We traveled about 500 miles (viz from Halifax in Carolina to Dover
which is within 80 miles of Philadelphia) without seeing a stone
of an\' kind, or an}' sort of eminence, the ground being for the
most part sandy and perfectly level, and in all that 500 miles we
was not in five houses but some of the people was sick of the
fever and ague or some other disease, but we have reason to bless
(jod that though we have traveled through such a sickly country,
we are now arrived in perfect health at a place where such sick-
nesses seldom or never appear. [I never expected to have stood
the journey so well — for though we have rode more than 500
miles since we bought our horsrs, I have not been in the least
wear}', and the cough I had in Scotland has entirely disappeared.
— Let'ter.]

After having refreshed ourselves and horses and discussed what
business we had to do, we left Pliiladelphia on the first of October
and came to Princetown that night, and next day we bargained
with Dr. Witherspoon for one-half of the township of Ryegate.

THE JOURNAL OF JAMES WHITELAW. 35

We left Princeton on the 5th and arrived at New York on the 6th,
and James Henderson arrived here from Philadelphia, with his
chest and tools on the 9th and having found a sloop to carry
James Henderson with his and our Chests and what Tools and
other utensils we had purchased, to Hartford, on the Connecticut
river, and having discussed what other business we had to do, we
left New York on 19th of Oct., and arrived at Newbur\- or
Kohass on the 1st day of November, and put up with Jacob
Ba\d3% Esq., to whom we was recommended by John Church,
Esq., one of the proprietors of Ryegate, and James Henderson
arrived about a week after us in a canoe with our chests and
tools and some provisions we had bought down the Country,
such as Rum, Salt, Molasses, etc. On the 30th of the month Mr.
Church came up and we divided the town, the south part whereof
has fain to us, which in our opinion, and in the opinion of all that
knows it, has the advantage of the north in many respects. 1st,
it is the best land in general. 2d, nearest to provisions which we
have in plenty within 3 or 4 miles and likewise within 6 of a grist
and two miles of a saw miln, all of which are great advantages
■ to a new settlement. 3d, we have several brooks with good
seats for milns, and likewise Wells River runs through part of
our purchase and has water enough for 2 breast milns at the
driest season of the year, of which the north part is almost
entirely destitute. 4th, there is a fall in Connecticut river just
below our uppermost line which causeth a carrying place for
goods going up or down the river. 5th, w^e are within six miles
of a good Presbyterian meeting and there is no other minister
above that place.

CHAPTER VI.

The Settlement Begun.

Expenses of the Commissioners. — Agreement Between Church and the
Commissioners. — Dr. Witherspoon — John Witherspoon. — Newbury. — Sur-
vey OF Ryegate. — David Allan. — First Death. — Deed of Ryegate.

WHILE waiting at Newbury for Mr. Church to come up, Mr.
Whitelaw made a report of the expenses of the commissioners to
that date, which he transmitted to Scotland.* He credited the
Company with £100 sterling in cash and bills of exchange, which they
had expended as follows:

£ S D.

To Traveling Expences before purchasing, 38 9 3

To Expences of James Henderson, his and ]

the Co.'s tools, and his and our chests }^ 9 9 11^^

from Philadelphia to Ryegate, J

To Horses, Tolls, House and Household 1 oo -i ti/

r ■. > J3 1 772

lurniture, J

To Exchange on our last Draught to Wil- \ n ^'^ 4.1/

lard Semple, of £35 ster. /

To Provisions,
To Balance remaining in our hands,

15 00

0

3 00

0

£100 00

0

He concluded his report with some observations which are of value :

"The ground here produces Indian Corn, and all kinds of English grain to
perfection, likewise all garden vegetables in great plenty, and they have very
promising orchards of excellent fruit. Many things grow here in the open fields
which the climate of Scotland will not produce, such as melons, cucumbers,
pumpkins and the like. Salmon and trout and a great many other kinds of fish
are caught in plenty in Connecticut river. Sugar can be made here in abundance

*Whitelaw's letter to the Company, Nov. 17th, 1763. — Whitelaw papers.

Note. When the present editor took charge of this work, he supposed that
nothing could be said regarding the early history of the town, beyond the data
collected by .VI r. Mason and Mr. Miller. But the unexpected discovery among the
W^hitelaw papers of much of the original correspondence, records, etc., not known
by Mr. Miller to be in existence, rendered an entirely difl'erent treatment
necessary. The editor has endeavored to prepare the work as nearly as possil^le
as he believes Mr. Miller would have done, had he lived to complete his task, and
had access to the same sources of information.

THE SETTLEMENT BEGUN. 37

in March and April from the maple tree which grows in great plenty. In short,
no place which we have seen is better furnished with food and the necessaries
of life, and even some of its luxuries, or where the people live more comfortably
than here. There is a good market of all the produce of the ground at the
following prices: Wheat from % to -^e, * the English bushel. Oats and Indian
corn from i/e to 2 shill. Butter 6 d. the English pound. Cheese 4^^ d. Beef 2d
Pork 41/2 d. all sterling money. The country produceth excellent flax, which sells
when swingled, from 414 to 6d. the pound. Considering the newness of the
country the people here are very prosperous, and we think that any who come
here, and are steady and industrious, may be in very comfortable circumstances
within a few years. Clearing land seems to be no great hardship as it is
commonly done for from 5 to 6 dollars per acre."

Mr. Whitelaw closes his letter to the Company with some instruc-
tions to intending emigrants, as to the best manner of reaching Ryegate,
which are of interest in showing what the roads were to this part of the
country just before the revolutionary war. He advises people to come to
Newburyport, rather than to Portsmouth or Boston, as he says there
was a ver}' good wagon road all the waj'', and the country more
settled, " When you come there you will enquire for Capt. Moses Little,
Merchant, and he will give you directions for conveying yourselves and
your chests hither." Mr. Little, for whom the town of Littleton is
named, was a brother-in-law of Gen. Jacob Bayley of Newbury, and had
large interests in this part of New England. On the arrival of Mr.
Church at Gen. Jacob Bayley's in Newbury, the following agreement was
drawn up to secure the purchase till a proper title-deed could be given,
which, for reasons yet to appear, was delayed for a time.

Newbury, Nov. 19th, 1773.
The agreement between John Church, Esq., of Charlestown in Newhamp-
shire, and taking burden upon him for John Witherspoon, President of the Col-
lege of New Jersey, and John Pagan, Merchant in Glasgow, and William Pagan,
Merchant in New York, on the one part, and David Allan and James Whitelaw,
Commissioners for the Scotch American Company of Farmers, is as follows :
After surveying the township of Ryegate, and making out a plan thereof we
found the Contents to be twenty-one thousand one hundred and sixt^'-four acres,
including the public lots, viz.: Five hundred acres for the Governor, eight hun-
dred and forty-two acres for the Glebe, first settled minister, school, and for the
Society for the Propogation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, and after running a
Centrical line, to divide the Township into two equal parts in quantity, it was
mvitually agreed between the above-mentioned parties that the aforesaid David
Allan and James Whitelaw in consequence of their agreement with John Wither-
spoon, President of the College, is to have the half south of the Centrical line,
which line begins at Connecticut river near the falls and runs north sixty-five
degrees west till it strikes the west line of the the town, which half is bordered
with the Governor's five hundred acres lying as it is planned on the Patent, and
one share and one-half of the public right which by computation amounts to

*Three shillings, sixpence, to four shillings, sixpence.
* Whitelaw Papers.

38 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

about three hundred and fifteen acres, and a hundred acres to Aaron Hosnier
covering his improvements and extending not above one hundred rods on the
river and half a mile back, and likewise one hundred acres to John Hyndman lined
off in regular form to w^hich agreement we have interchangeably set our hand
and seal in the presence of

Jacob Bayley, John Church [Seal].

Sam'l Stevens, David Allax [Seal].

James Whitelaw [Seal].

The actual deed for the south half of Rj^egate was not given for
nearly a vear from the above date, but this agreement was sufficient to
secure the possession of the land. This dela}' is explained by the follow-
ing letter:

New York, 23d. Feb. 1774.
Gentlemen :

Herewith you have five letters which came to my hand, and which I have not
before had an opportunity of conveying to you.

Mr. Church on his coming to town informed me that he had come into a
division of Ryegate with you, which I have seen and agreed to ; he likewise
mentioned that you was anxious to have the deeds completed, which both doctor
Witherspoon and myself would with pleasure do, but find that we cannot give a
more firm title than you already have, till such time as it is Decided what
Province Ryegate falls under, as a deed in the present situation would answer no
better purpose than the Instrument you have, under the doctor's hand, which I
am willing in every respect to confirm, and will join in a Warrantee deed as soon
as the controversary is determined between the two provinces \vhich must soon
now be determined, as both our Governor and that of New Hampshire goes home
this spring in order to have the Controversary finally settled before His Majesty
in Council. Whatever Province Ryegate falls under, we are entirely safe, having
a Patent under the one and an Order in Council under the other. You need not
be in the least uneasy, but go on with your settlement as if you had the most firm
deed now in your possession.

I am, Gentlemen,

Your very humble servant,

Wm. Pagan.

Messrs. David Allan ]

AND J Ryegate.

James Whitelaw. J

The settlement of Ryegate may be dated from the month of Novem-
ber, 1773, when James Whitelaw and David Allan came into possession
of the south half of the town, in behalf of the Scotch American Company.
It will be remembered that Aaron Hosmer and Daniel Hunt were living
there, and had lived there for some time, l^ut they were merely squatters,
and had no title to any of the land on which they lived.

John Hyndman had also been settled there, through the agency of Dr,
Witherspoon, and had "pitched" upon land which afterward became the
farm of William Nelson. Both Hosmer and Hyndman were given grants
of land.

THE SETTLEMENT BEGUN. 39

It is now a suitable place to speak of the distinguished man to whom
the choice of Ryegate, as a place of settlement, was mainly due. Rev. Dr.
Witherspoon was born at GifFord, Pladdingtonshire, Scotland, Feb. 5,
1722, the son of a minister of the church of Scotland, and, through his
mother, a descendant of John Knox. He entered the University of Edin-
burgh at the age of 14:, and at 22, was ordained over the Congregation
of Beith, in the west of Scotland, and married Elizabeth Montgomery.
He was a spectator of the battle of Falkirk, Jan. 17, 1746, was taken
prisoner by the rebels, and confined in Doune Castle till after the battle
ofCulloden. His health never fully recovered from the confinement. He
was called to become pastor of the church at Paisle}', and installed there,
Jan. 16, 1757. Some theological and metaphvsical works of his
attracted great attention, and he received the degree of D. D., in 1764,
from the University of Aberdeen. In 1766 he declined the call to become
president of Princeton College, in New Jersey, but on its renewal in 1768,
he accepted it, and removed to America. Under his administration the
college prospered greatly, until the revolutionary war. He was an early
advocate of the freedom of the colonies, and was a member of the
Provincial Congress of New Jersey. In June, 1776, he took his seat in
the Continental Congress, was one of the most prominent advocates of
independence, and a signer of the Declaration* He died Nov. 15, 1794.
Dr. Witherspoon invested quite extensively in lands in Vermont,
especially in RA'egate and Newburv, which, ultimately, owing partly to
the war, proved a financial loss to him.

He visited Ryegate and Barnet several times where he preached and
baptized children.

His oldest son, John, came to Ryegate about 1775, and settled on
what is still called the " Witherspoon tract" of 600 acres, in the north-
west corner ol the town, where he began to clear land, and erected some
kind of habitation. He entered the Continental Army, became an aid to
General Washington, and fell at the battle of Germantown. This tract,
about 1800, was bought by James and Abraham Whitehill, at which

*A statue of John Witherspoon, now unveiled in Washington, represents the
Revolutionary sire of Princeton University, whose president he was during the
period of the American Revolution. Witherspoon was Scotch and Presbyterian.
In the debate over the Declaration of Indeiaendence, Avhich he signed, the college
president said: "For my own part, of property I have some, of reputation I
have more : that reputation is staked, that property is pledged, on the issue of
this contest. And although these gray hairs must soon descend into the sepul-
cher, I would infinitely rather that they descend thither by the hand of the
executioner than desert at this crisis the sacred cause of my country." That was
the serious Scotch way of stating the case. Benjamin Franklin, \vith immortal
wit, on the same occasion, remarked: "If we don't hang together we'll hang
separately."— [Spring-Jield /^epublicafi, May, igog.

40 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

time the land cleared by Major Witherspoon was covered by a second
growth of trees. The spot where this unfortunate gentleman lived is still
pointed out.*

It seems strange that Ryegate possesses no memorial of Dr. Wither-
spoon, who was thus connected with its early history, and who had so
much to do with shaping the religious course of the town. To the end of
his life he manifested an interest in the affairs of the colonv, and was a
correspondent of Rev. David Goodwillie in the early days of the Associate
Presbyterian church. It has been proposed to give his eminent name to
that beautiful sheet of water, which, embosomed among the hills of
Ryegate, has alwa3'S borne an undignified appellation, in no way
associated with Indian traditions or local history.

Of John Church very little can be ascertained. He lived in Charles-
town, and the history of that town says that he died in 1785, leaving
several children.

One of the chief reasons for the selection of Ryegate as a place of
settlement was undoubtedh' the fact that the commissioners liked the
people of Newbury better than those the}' had met anywhere in the
south. In his letters to Scotland, Mr. Whitelaw speaks of them and of
their cordial reception of them in the highest terms. "They are," he
wrote, "very strict about keeping the Sabbath." The first settlers also
were congenial in their religious views. Rev. Peter Powers their minister
being a Presb3-terian, and the church at New^bury was organized upon a
Presbyterian platform. Mr. Whitelaw himself found at Newbury, a
personal attraction, which later, he transferred to the new township.

Newburv, at that time, contained about 400 white inhabitants, most
of whom dwelt along the river road from the 0.\-bow to Bradford line,
(although there were settlements at West Newburv and at Wells River),
the most thickly settled portion being near the Great Ox-bow. The
meeting house of that da3^ which was also used for a court house, stood
across the road from the cemetery. Haverhill had about as man}' people,
and its center of population w^as at what we now call North Haverhill.
Among the settlers in both towns, according to the statement of Timothy
Clark in 1850,^ were about twenty Indian families, who lived by hunting
and fishing, the remnants of several tribes. These settlements were
known as the Coos Country, and together, formed the strongest com-
munity in this part of New England. There were several men in New-
bur}^ at that early day who were widely known, and who left their mark

*In the historical sketch of Caledonia Co., written by Rev. Thomas Good-
willie, he says. "On one of his visits to Ryegate Dr. Witherspoon rode the saddle
on which his son sat at the battle of Germantown, and which bore the mark of
the ball which killed him."

1 Arthur Livermore's diary.

NEW YORK

THE SETTLEMENT BEGUN. 41

upon the community. One of them was CoL William Wallace, who came
from Scotland before 1774-, and opened a store. He had great influence
in Ryegate. To mention no others Col. (afterwards Gen. ) Jacob Bayley,
was a tower of strength to the whole region in the trying times of the
revolutionary war.

Of the first days in Ryegate we will let Mr. Whitelaw tell the tale,
supplementing the narrative with such other information" as has come
do\vn to us.

" When we came here John Hyndman was building his house so we
helped him up with it both for the conveniency of lodging with hirii
till we built one of our own- and had it finished about the beginning
of Januar}', 1774. Nothing worth noticing happened till the spring,
only we cut down as much wood as we could, and James Henderson
made what wooden utensils we had occasion for, and James White-
law went down to Newburyport and Portsmouth and brought a sled
load of such necesarys as we wanted. In the month of April we made
about 60 lbs. of sugar, after which we began the surveying of the town,
and first ran lines from north to south (and vice versa) at every forty
rods distance, which lines are above three miles long, and upwards of
40 in number, one half of which we marked for the ends of the lots and
the other half we did not mark but only run them to know the quality
of the ground."

Writing home to Scotland on the 7th of Feb., 1774, Mr. Whitelaw
•says:

" We have now built a house and live very comfortably, though we
are not troubled much witk our neighbors, having one family about half
a mile from us, another a jnile and a half, and two about two miles and
a half— one above and the other below us. In the township above us
(Barnet) there are about fifteen families, and there are a few settlers
sixty miles above us on the river.

There is a road now begun to be cut from Connecticut River to Lake
Champlain, which goes through the middle of our purchase, and is
reasoned to be considerable advantage to us, as it will be the chief post
road to Canada.'

Gen. Whitelaw's map of Rvegate shows there were 400 lots, equal to
the number of shares in the Company's stock, varj'ing in size, according
to their estimated value, from ten to fifty acres, a few lots exceeding the
latter quantity. Reference to the map will show the size of the lots, and
the manner of numbering them. This did not include the Governor's lot,
or the common land. A map of the projected "town," with streets and
house-lots, sites for churches, schools, markets and other features of a
Scotch town in the 18th century, which was expected to occupy the long
slope of the hill from " Fair- View" to the pond, in existence a few 3'ears
ago, cannot now be found.*

2 It stood a few rods southeast of A. M. Whitelaw's.

* Since this was written a part of this map has come to light.

42 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, YERMONT.

Mr. Whitelaw and Mr. Allan appear to have spent the winter with
John H3aidman and his family, and cleared about four acres of land,
probably on the farm now owned by VV. T. McLam. They probably had
some hired help, as there are bills for clearing land still possessed. They
seem to have varied the monotony by frequent visits to Newbur^', and
waited for spring, and the coming of their friends from Scotland. In
April they sowed some wheat, and raised from it the first grain grown
in Ryegate.

"On Monday, the 23d of May, arrived here from Scotland, David
Ferry, Alexander Sym [Symes] and family, Andrew and Robert Brock,
John and Robert Orr, John Wilson, John Gray, John Shaw and Hugh
Semple, and as we had not finished the surveying, Alexander Sym went
to work with Col Bayley, and all the rest with the managers for the
compan}' where they continued till the 1st of July, when we got their
lots laid off for them, and David Ferry took possession of Lot No. 1 ;
Hugh Semple of Nos. 2, 3, 4 and 5; John Orr and his brother of Nos. 6
and 7 for themselves and Nos. 8 and 9 for William Blackwood; John
Gra}' of No. 10 for himself, and No. 11 for John Barr ; John Wilson of
Nos. 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17; Andrew and Robert Brock of Nos. 21st-
28th, Alexander Sym of Nos. 29 and 30, and John Shaw of Nos. 31 and
32 for himself, and of 33, 34, 35 and 36, for William Warden, and of
Nos. 37, 38, 39 and 40 for James Laird."

Reference to the map will show that the first comers selected lots as
near each other as possible, with the expectation that as new settlers
came, the settlement would broaden out into the wilderness.

"July the 5th, we agreed with Archibald Harvie and Robert Orr for
one A^ear's work for the company, and on the 11th we agreed with John
Shaw, and on July 30 with David Ferry, all for one year's work.''

These last were not members of the Scotch American company, but
young men who had come over to work till the}' could bu}' land of their
own. Some of the early settlers of Ryegate had been emplo^-ed in the
fishing trade in Scotland, and worked their passage to America as
sailors. The passage of some others was paid by the company, and was
repaid in work on the company's land.

"On Monday, the 1st of August, after having determined the quality
of the several lots and drawn a map of them, and likewise of the town
spot, David Allan set out from this place on his way home to Scotland,
when the whole of the Ryegate Colonists attended him to Colonel
Bayley 's in Newburj^, and James Henderson went along with him to
Newburyport, where he took his leave of him."

No finer tribute could have been paid to David Allan than the above
paragraph. His descendants may well be proud of their ancestor. The
company's account book shows that James Henderson made quite large
purchases for the compan^^ Robert Brock's watch needing attention, it

THE SETTLEMENT BEGUN. 43

was taken by him to Xewburj'port, and "mended" at a cost of three
shillings, sixpence.

"On the 1st of October John Waddell, James Neilson, and Thomas
McKeach (McKeith) arrived here, and Patrick Lang and famih-, William
Neilson and family, and David Reid and wife. On the 8th, arrived Robert
Gemmel and son, Robert Tweedale and wife, and Andrew and James
Smith."

Writing home to Scotland, under date of October 14th, Mr. White-
law says :

" Robert Gemmel and son, Robert Tweedale and his wife, and Andrew
Smith and his brother, all from Douglass, arrived here the 8th inst.,
all in good health, and are extraordinaril}' well pleased with the place.
They left their homes about the 8th of Ma}', and came to Belfast in
Ireland, where the}- stayed five weeks before the}- got a ship, when they
sailed for New York, where they arrived after a passage of eight weeks
and five days of very pleasant weather, and, like the rest of our Colonists,
they commended their captain to the utmost. Their freight from Ireland
was only fifty shillings, Irish money, and as soon as they agreed with the
vessel, which was two weeks before they sailed, the}' went aboard, and
had their provision.

" We shall have a flourishing colony here in a short time, but we are
at a loss for young women, as we have here about a dozen young fellows
and only one girl, and we shall never multiply and replenish this western
world as we ought w^ithout help-meets for us, and as this is an excellent
flax country, a parcel of your spinners would be the very making of the
place. If we had here a good shoemaker that was capable of tanning
and currying leather, he might be of good advantage to us, and likewise
reap considerable advantage to himself" *

A few days later Mr. Whitelaw made an entry of a very different
event in his journal:

"On the 22d of Oct., Andrew Smith departed this life. He was the
first Scotchman that died in this place. He was in good health on the
morning of the 21st, but about 11 o'clock, forenoon, he was seized with
a cholic (to which he had formerly been subject) of which he died at 3
o'clock next morning. James Whitelaw with the rest of the new Colo-
nists made choice of a spot near the east side of the common for a burying
place where he was decently interred same evening."

There is no record of any religious service at this lonely burial.
Indeed, at that time in Scotland, according to Sir Walter Scott, t there
was not, usually, any religious service at a funeral. But in the New
England colonies, so far as we know, the burial of the dead was always
hallowed by prayer, by reading of the Scriptures, and by remarks from
some clergyman. The settlers of Ryegate soon adopted this more sacred

*Whitelaw Papers.

fThe Antiquary, Chapt. XXXI.

44 HISTORY OF RYEGATE VERMONT.

and impressive observance, as Rev. Peter Powers of Newbury preached
a funeral sermon here a few years later.

But these exiles in a strange land must have felt keenly the shock
which the sudden death of their associate had caused, and we may be
sure that their thoughts often recurred in the coming winter to that lonely
grave.

Mr. Miller, following Mr. Whitelaw's journal, supposes that about
forty emigrants from Scotland had reached Rj^egate by the beginning of
1775, but it appears from Whitelaw's letter to the company that a
number of persons from Scotland had arrived at Portsmouth in the
autumn, and were on their way up the country. At that time Alexander
Harvey was bringing settlers from Scotland to his purchase in Barnet
and as some of those whom Mr. Whitelaw mentions soon settled there it
is likely that they belonged to the Harvey company.

Some months after this chapter was written the original deed of the
south half of Ryegate was discovered, and is given here. The reader will
not fail to be struck by the difference between its cumbersome verbiage,
and the simpler terms by which real estate is now conveyed. In this
instrument the legal phraseology is printed, while the particular descrip-
tion of the town is written.

THIS INDENTURE,

Made the thirty-first da}' of October, in the Year of our Lord One
Thousand Seven Hundred and Seventy-five, Between John Church of
Charlestown, in the Province of New Hampshire, of the first Part, and
James Whitelaw of Ryegate, in the County of Gloucester, and Province
of New York, of the second Part— Witness, &c.: That the said Party
of the first Part, for the Consideration of One thousand one hundred
and eighty-six Pounds, Lawful Money of New York, already by him re-
received, and from which he doth release and discharge the said Party of
the second Part and his Heirs and Assigns; Hath granted, bargained,
aliened, released and confirmed; and hereby Doth grant, bargain and
sell, aliene, release and confirm unto the said Party of the second Part
(in his actual Possession now, being by Virtue of an Indenture of
Bargain and Sale for a 3'ear, dated yesterday, and of the Statute for
transferring Uses into Possession) and to His Heirs and Assigns forever:
All that Tract or Parcel of land lying in the south part of the township
of Ryegate in the County of Gloucester and Province of New York, con-
taining Ten thousand acres, by estimation, bounded as follows:

Beginning at the N. E. corner of Newbury, thence N. 60° West about
six miles and a quarter to a lever wood tree marked with the letters
I. W., I. W., T. 0. R. 0 thence N. 2° W. about three miles to a stake
near a beech tree marked with the aforesaid letters, and June, 1774,
thence S. 65° E. about five miles and three quarters to a small white
cedar tree at the head of a fall of Connecticut River, thence down said
river, as it winds and turns, to the bounds first mentioned. Excluding
within the said bounds the following tracts — viz: three lots Bounded as

THE SETTLEMENT BEGUN. 45

follows: the first lot of eight hundred and t wen t\^ acres begins at the
first bounds at the N. E. corner of Newbury, thence along the north
line of Newbury, one hundred and fifty chains to a pine marked
Gov'r, thence N. 28° E. forty chains, thence north till it meets John
Hyndman's bounds, thence E. about 30 chains to a stake and stones,
thence N. 120° W. twenty-five chains, thence N. 98° E. to Connecticut
river, then down the river, as it winds and turns to the first bounds; the
second lot begins at the S. W. corner of lot 80, and runs forty chains W.
to a stake and stones, then W. twenty-five chains to a beech tree marked
R. H., T. H., I. W., then E. forty chains to a small beech marked P. H.,
T. H., thence south to the first bounds; the third lot begins at a
cedar tree before mentioned, thence down Connecticut river about
twenty chains to a stake and stones, thence N. 35° W. seventy-one
chains and seventy-five links to a stake and stones, thence N. 10° E.
about forty chains to a line running S. 63° E., thence on said line to the
Cedar before mentioned.

And all the Edifices thereon, and Advantages to the same now or
heretofore belonging; And also the Reversion and Reversions, Remainder
and Remainders, Rents and Services of the Premises and the Appurten-
ances ; And also all the Estate, Right, Title, Interest, Claim and Demand
of the said Party, of the first Part, in Law and Equity, of, in and to the
same Premises: To Have and to Hold all and singular the said Real
Estate, Tenements and Premises unto the Party of the second Part, his
Heirs and Assigns forever:

And the said Party of the first Part, for himself, his Heirs and
Assigns, doth covenant and grant to and with the said Party of the
second Part, his Heirs and Assigns in Manner and form following: That
he, the said Party, of the first Part, stood lawfully seized and possessed
of the above Grants, and Estate of Inheritance in Fee Simple in the same
Premises, without any Condition, Mortgage, Limitation of. Use and
Uses, or any other Matter or Course to change, charge or determine the
same, except the Quit Rent Payable to the Crown, and that he has full
power and Authority to grant and convey the same in the Manner above
mentioned. And Also, That the said Party of the second Part, his Heirs
and Assigns, shall and may at all Times forever hereafter, peaceably
have, possess and enjoy the same Premises, without the Interruption of
any Person or Persons whomsoever, freed from all former other
Bargains, Charges, Estates, Rights, Titles, Troubles and Incumbrances
whatsoever than above mentioned. And Also, That the said Part}' of
the first Part, and his Heirs, or any other Person or Persons, and his
and their Heirs, having or claiming anything in the Premises, shall and
will, upon the Request of the said Party of the second Part, his Heirs
and Assigns, do and execute or cause to be done and executed, any Act or
Devise in the Law for the better conveying the said Premises, unto the
said Party of the second Part, his Heirs and Assigns to his and their
own proper Use and Behoof as by him and them, or his and their Counsel
learned m the Law, shall be reasonably advised, devised or required: —
In Witness whereof, the Parties to these Presents have hereunto
interchangeablv set their Hands and Seals the Day and Year above
written.

John Church. (Seal)

46 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Sealed and Delivered in the
Presence of us,

Phineas Lyman

Benjamin Colt.

PrnvinrPnfNf-w VnrV ^ Newbury, Nov. 13th, 1775, then the

r^rovince oi ixew xork, j . , . i -u j i i r^i i u

r^ , r /^i ^ ( within subscribed John Church personal] v

Countv of (jloucester. | , j i i i j xi -^i •

J appeared and acknowledged the within

instrument to be his free Act and Deed, and having examined the same

and finding no material Erazures or Interlineations Do Allow the same

to be recorded.

Jacob Bayley, one of the Judges of the

Inferior Court of Sc. County.

CHAPTER VII.

The Scotch-American Company.
The "City."— The Scotland Managers.— Lord Blantyre.— Mills at Bolton-

VILLE.— EmBARASSMENT. — PROSPERITY OF THE SETTLEMENT. — WhITELAW's

Resignation. — The End of the Scotch American^Company. — Reflections.

THE experiment of a colony among the Vermont hills, whose aftairs
were to be regulated by an association in Scotland, between which,
under the most favorable conditions, communication must be a
matter of several months, was not likely to continue long without con-
siderable change. In America, at that time, such a colony could hardly
have been established any where, and the plan indicates the small amount
of information which even the more intelligent people in Scotland pos-
sessed concerning actual conditions in the backwoods of North America.

The idea of a "town," which should contain the public buildings, and
w^here the land owners should reside while their tenants occupied the out-
lying farms, would never have been indulged had the projectors realized
what trials, privations and dangers the pioneers in a new countr}' must
undergo before they can even obtain a comfortable support — enough to
eat, shelter, and protection from cold and storm.

It was not long before the settlers found that it would be useless to
attempt to carry out these stipulations. The colonists would have
enough to do to clear their land, build their rude cabins, defend themselves
and their cattle from the wild beasts of the wilderness, build roads and
undertake as best they could the heavy task before them, without at-
tempting a communistic experiment.

In a letter* to the compan}', dated Dec. 11,1780, Mr. Whitelaw states
the situation very sensibly : —

"As for building a town here to have a house on every lot will
never answer, as the town will never have any inhabitants, at least, only
a very small part of them, so it will be foolish, and even ridiculous to
build them. And to carry on a public farm here will be no advantage to
the Company, and those who think to live in Scotland and Hve on the
incomes of farms in this country, will find themselves mistaken. The
reason is this: — that land is so cheap and so plenty here, that there is no
])erson but will rather improve a farm of his own, than to carry on one
for another man."

'Whitelaw Papers.

48 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Consequently the "town spot," and the "Common Land," fell into
the state of neglect which is the proverbial condition of that which is
everybody's business, until, in 1780, the managers were glad to relieve
themseves of them, by leasing them to John Scott for a term often years,
on condition that he should finish the house and barn, and the clearing of
what had been cut down. He seems to have wearied of his task, as he
soon removed to Newbury. The "town spot," by purchase from its sev-
eral owners, passed into one or two hands, and the "common land," by
permission of the company in Scotland, was sold, piece by piece. The
"citv," with its streets and squares, building lots, market places, sites for
churches, storehouses, schools and the like, never got bej^ond the carefully
drawn plan which has long since disappeared. The only street in the
"town" which was ever laid out, is the public road which ascends the
long slope of the "town hill."

The letters which were written home to Scotland by the emigrants
who arrived in Ryegate the first year, gave, generally, such a favorable
account of the place, and of New England in general, that many persons
and families in the neighborhood of Renfrew and Paisley made prepar-
ation to set out for the new colony, and, had not the revolutionary war
broken out just at that time, it is probable that all the land in Ryegate
would have been taken up by members of the company and their friends.
At that time, in Scotland, the movement for emigration was so general,
and influenced by so many considerations, as to cause much alarm
among the landed proprietors of the country. The agitation of the
subject among the tenant farmers of the lowlands, tended, if not checked,
to deprive the country of great numbers of valuable citizens. Before that
period the landed gentr}' had things much their own way, as there were
more people to lease farms than there were farms to rent. Con-
sequently, the tenant farmers had to take such terms as the landlord
chose to give. This condition of things, so favorable to the landed
classes, was threatened by a movement which might, if not checked,
produce a scarcity of tenants. Consequentlj', when there should be more
farms to let than there were desirable tenants seeking them, rents must
fall. The landed classes also feared that the further settlement of
America would supply the markets of Great Britain with grain and flour,
which could be produced there so much more cheaply than upon British
soil.

The movement for emigration was strongest among the most
desirable class of tenants, and men whose ancestors had cultivated the
same "tacks," as the leased farms were called, for centuries, were giving
them up, all over Scotland, and emigrating to America, mainly to the
Middle Colonies and the Carolinas. Consequently the landed gentry,
generally, opposed emigration, and tried, by every means, legal and

THK SCOTCH-AMKRICAN COMPANY. 49

illegal, to check a movement which threatened them, both in reducing
their income by lowering the rents of farms, and still more by supplying
the great staples of food, of which they had previously held a monopol3\

This will ex|)lain the position of the landed classes in supporting all
the measures taken by tiie government for putting down the rebellion in
America, while the letters received In- James VVhitelaw from his friends in
Scotland, show that the tenant farmers of Stirlingshire and Renfrewshire,
were, in general, favorable to the American cause, although ver}'
cautious about expressing their sentiments.

Among those who held the selfish views before mentioned was Lord
Blantyre, whose hereditary possessions included the greater part of the
parish of Renfrew, in which originated some of the best Ryegate families.
This nobleman had not favored the Association, which threatened to
deprive him of some valuable tenants, and had begun legal proceedings
against certain persons in whom he suspected an intention of joining the
emigration, and against whom he had, or pretended so have, some
claim.

He also seized everv opportunity which offered, to injure the associa-
tion, and a weapon was provided for him. Among those who arrived in
Rvegate on the 24th of May, 1774, were John Wilson and Hugh Semple.
These had taken offence at some things which had been done, and both
sent letters home to Scotland by David Allan, who seems to have known
nothing of their contents. The letter written by John Wilson, in parti-
cular, in which he drew a rather dark picture of what he had seen in
America, and of the situation and prospects of the colony in Ryegate, fell
into the hands of this nobleman. William Hamilton, writing from Ren-
frew to James Whitelaw under date of Dec. 27, 1774, presents the matter
thus: — "The Right Honorable Lord Blantyre and some of his Sycophants
has got John Wilson's letter and it gives them such joy that they propose
to publish it to the world from the press. It is very galling to all who
are friends to America, and we wish that who ever writes from Ryegate
to their friends may be enabled from truth itself to send more comfortable
news, or, at least, such as will not give our many enemies such cause to
triumph."

But, generally, the stockholders of the compan}^ in Scotland placed
more dependence upon the representations of James Whitelaw and other
settlers, and upon the oral testimony of David Allan, a man of sagacitj'
and good judgment, than upon the letters of Wilson and "the sensible
Hugh Semple," and were well satisfied with the prospects of the colony.
But the unsettled state of the country, and the troubles with America
made people very cautious about investing in enterprises so far from
home

Mr. Houston, in the letters from which we have cited, states the
financial situation of the Company. It will be remembered that the stock

50 HISTORY OF RYKGATE, VERMONT.

of the Scotch-American Coinpati}' was divided into four htindred shares,
having a par value of £2, 10s Each entitled the holder to one lot of land
in the south division of K\'egate, a house lot in the "town spot," and an
undivided share in the common land. But at the date of the letter, the
subscribers to about eighty shares had not paid for them, and some never
woulfl. The Company had expended about £400, in the expenses of the
Commissioners, the first pavment for the land, and the cost of the work
which had been done upon it, and had onlv £400 to its credit in the bank
at Glasgow to finish the payment, erect buildings, clear the land and pay
for the building of the mills at Boltonville, to which we shall presentl}-
advert. This deficit of £200 considerably hampered the company, a
temporarv loan was secured upon the responsibility of the wealthier
members, an assessment was voted upon the stock, and the forfeiture of
all the shares not paid b}^ a certain date was also voted. The troub-
lous times also increased the rate of exchange, so that in 1774-, a discount
of 20 per cent, was charged upon the bills drawn by Mr. Whitelaw on the
compan3\ At that time there w^as not a bank in North America, and
funds were transmitted b}' Bills of Exchange which were honored by
certain merchants in the seaport towns.

By the opening of spring in 1775, clearings had been begun on several
farms in different parts of the town, and something had been done toward
making a road which could be traveled on horseback, which took the
general course of the present highway from Wells River to Ryegate
Corner, past the Gra\' larm, and the east side ot Blue Moimtain to the
Harvey Tract in Barnet, and the few settlers who had begun to clear the
dense woods of Peacham. Considerable wheat had been sown among the
stumps and logs of the new clearings, and the next enterprise which the
settlers planned, -was the building of a saw mill and a grist mill.

Mr. Whitelaw sums tip the enterprise in his journal thus: —

"About the beginning of Januar\', 1775, James Whitelaw purchased
the part of Lot No. 120 in Newbury, that lies on the north side of Wells
River (which contains the great falls,) with one-half the privilege of the
river for the purpose of building mills for the companv. About which
•time James Henderson began to block out wood for building them."

The selection of the falls at Boltonville as a site for the mills of the
Ryegate colonists, was not decided upon without some opposition which
is fully set forth in Mr. Whitelaw's letters to the Compan}^ Some of the
settlers wanted the mills built in the town, and have them placed at the
outlet of the pond, contending that there was sufficient water to run them
at all times of the year. Mr. Whitelaw was almost alone in opposition
to this scheme, and it was not until several persons of experience in build-
ing and operating mills had examined the location, and decided that a
sufficient head of water could onlv be generated by the erection of an

THE SCOTCH-AMERICAN COMPANY. 51

expensive dam, and a long race-waj', that the matter was settled It
was made clear that there would be water to run the mills onh- two or
three months in the year, but the site on Wells River was not decided
upon without some ill feeling, which, happilv, did not last long.

At that time Wells River poured its floods over the precipices at
Boltonville in the midst of a dense forest, in solitar\' grandeur, a wild
and secluded spot. It was a very enterprising thing for the few colonists
of Ryegate to harness the wild stream to grind grain and saw logs for
their use.

On the 30th of Ma}- Mr. Whitelaw wrote the company as follows:*
"Gentlemen :

1 received your favor of the 27th of December, about the 15th instant, wherein
you have given orders for the building of a saw and grist miln for the benefit of
the inhabitants of Ryegate. On the 22d we had a meeting of all the members of
the company ^vho are here, when I read your letter, and they all unanimously
signed an obligation to bear their proportional share of whatever assessment
may be found necessary for completing the milns, and likewise have promised us
as much work, gratis, among themselves, as makes 50 days of one man, and as
the people were determined to have milns built, we got all the iron work done
in winter, and now have all the running gear finished, and expect to have it
running some time in July."

The obligation is as follows : —

"Rj-egate, May 22, 1775. We, the under subscribers herebv bond
and oblige ourselves to pay our proportional shares of what assessment
may be found necessary- for completing a grist and saw miln for the
benefit of the inhabitants of Ryegate, which assessment we are to pa}' in
labour at the ordinary' rate of the country."

James Whitelaw David Ferrie Robert Gemmel

John Shaw Patrick Lang James Henderson

John Waddel Robert Brock Alexander Symmes

Robert Twadle John Gray Archibald Tavlor

John Orr William Neilson James Neilson

Thomas McKeith

Mr. Whitelaw's account shows that the mill irons cost nearly £20
sterling, does not sa}' where they were made, but that they were bought
of Josiah Little. The first saw mill crank in Newbury, still preserved,
was drawn from Concord, N. H., on a hand sled by several men, a feat
which came near costing all their lives. But by the A^ear 1775, several
saw mills had been built in the Coos country, and it was, probably, a
much easier task to procure the necessar}' equipment.

The timber for the mills was cut on the spot, and also for a house for
tlie miller. Both frames were raised on the same day, the saw mill being
where the mill shed now is. James Henderson, with the aid of the other
settlers, hewed and framed the timber. The water wheels and other

Original among Whitelaw papers.

52 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

wooden macliinery were made by John Waddel, and a blacksmith from
Haverhill set up a forge, and made nails and the necessary iron work.
The mill stones were cut from a rock in the field a little below where the
late Granville Meader long lived, and were drawn to the mill by John
Scott, for 12 shillings. The mill irons were brought from Newbury by
John G. Bayle}'. There is an account of "provision for the miln raising
of 10s," and of "rum used at the saw miln £2, 14.0," by which it appears
that the workmen did not always slake their thirst with river water.
The nails and spikes used in the work cost 4s. per 100. The grist
mill was set running about the middle of August, and "performed its
part very well." The saw mill began operations about a month before.
There was little grain to grind at first, but the mill was there, and a
valuable asset to the town.

For some j-ears the}' were carried on by the managers, but in 1785
the mills were leased to Ezra Currier for 5IV2 bush, of wheat, who also
received $18 for keeping them in repair. In that year a new flume was
built by Andrew Brock for eighty bushels of wheat.*

But the erection of the mills proved an embarassment to the Com-
pany, as Mr. Whitelaw's bill of exchange for £100 sterling, drawn Feb.
17, 1776, upon William Houston & Co., maltsters in Renfrew, in favor of
Josiah Little of Newbury Port, was protested at Renfrew on the 10th of
August in that 3'ear.

As a matter of curiosity we give the bill, with its indorsements.

"Newburyport, Feb. 17, 1776.
Thirty days after sight of this my first of exchange, (my second and third of
the same date and tenor being unpaid) pay to the order of Josiah Little the sum
of one hundred Pounds sterling money, and place the same to the account of the
Scots American Company of Farmers, for value received here to their use, with or
without further advice from me.

James Whitelaw.

To William Houston & Co., Maltsters in Renfrew, near Glasgow.
Indorsed: — " Pay Messrs. Lee & Jones, or Order, Josiah Little."
"Pay to Mr. Stephen Higginson or Order for account. Lee & Jones."
Pay unto the Order of Messrs. Exercaitie eel Rio & Com. value on Account.
Bilboa, June 12, 1776. Stephen Higginson."

The protest was based upon the claim that Mr. Whitelaw had over-
drawn his account, and had exceeded his powers, acting in a manner
contrarv to a letter of instruction (not preserved) and that he had
neglected to account satisfactorily to the Company for his expenditure of
the Company's funds.

The revolutionary war was then raging, and communication between
the company at home, and their colony in Ryegate was often interrupted,

^Company Records.

THE SCOTCH-AMERICAN COMPANY. 53

SO that Whitelaw's letter of explanation was long delayed, and the colo-
nists were left to manage their own affairs.

It would appear that the holder of the protested bill waited patiently
for his pay; probably nothing could be settled till the war was over; and
in February 1783, the debt with the interest and charges, amounting to
£159 sterling, Mr. Whitelaw by vote of the members of the Company in
Ryegate, sold to Josiah Little of Newburvport, all the land south of Wells
River, and the two "westernmost" ranges of lots from the river north to
the division line, and with the proceeds paid the debt.''^ This entire
tract, soon conve3^ed to John C. Jones of Boston, was sold in ITQ^ to
John Cameron, and now comprises several valuable farms.

This transaction was ratified at a meeting of the Company at Inchin-
nan in .\ugust, 1783, by a vote of twenty seven to four. Permission was
also given thecolonists to sell the mills if considered best, as the Company'-
was considerably hindered in its operation by a heavy debt incurred in
paying for the land.-

It would seem that a suitable purchaser did not appear till 1791,
when they were sold to Robert Brock on the 25th of September for £125
sterling. Mr. Brock, who was father of Andrew Brock of Ryegate and
Robert Brock of Barnet, had been a miller in Scotland, and had consider-
able propert}', came to America in 1786, carried on the mill a year or two
and seeing that the property could be greatly developed, purchased it
outright. The deed is signed by James Whitelaw, James Henderson, John
Gray, William Craig, John Orr, Josiah Page, Alexander Miller, William
Neilson, James Nelson and John Ritchie.^

The hamlet, now called Boltonville. was first known as " Whitelaw's
Mills," and, after its sale, as "Brock's Mills," or "Brock's Falls," until
the mills passed out of the Brock family.*

The years which followed the close of the revolutionary war were, in
the main, prosperous ones lor the settlers in the Coos country, and the
Rj'egate colonists shared in the general improvement. The country
north and west ])egan to be opened up, and the Hazen Road furnished an
avenue of approach to the fertile lands of the Lamoille Valley, and

1 Ryegate Land Records.

2 Houston to Whitelaw, Sept. 26. 1783.

3 Newbury Land Records, Vol. II, p. 458.

*Mr. Miller, in a paper up(Mi Boltonville, in the Vermont Union, accepting
Mr. Mason's statement, says that the mills were sold to Dea. Andrew Brock.
But the Whitelaw papers, the Newlmry town records, and the company's journal,
show that the sale was to his father. In the journal he is called '' Old Mr.
Brock." He lived near the mill, about where Mr. Tucker's house stands. At his
death, in 1796, the mills passed into the hands of his son. He also purchased a
laro^e tract of land between Boltonville and the Corner.

54 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

further north. There was an increasing demand for provisions, grain
and live stock, and the settlers found a ready market for all the products
of their farms which they could spare, and several of the older settlers
began to increase their holdings of real estate. In 1782, Archibald
Taylor, James Henderson, John Scot, Robert Orr and William Neilson
applied to the managers in Scotland for leave to purchase those lots
which had been forfeited to the company.^ This was granted, and
William Neilson began about that time the purchase of land in Ryegate
and elsewhere, which afterward made him verx' wealthy.

The abilities of James Whitelaw were not destined to be confined to
the town of Rj'egate, or to be expended in discharging the duties of
manager for a company in Scotland. On the 24th of February, 1782, he
was appointed by Gen. Ira Allen a commissioner to survey and lay otit
towns on the Connecticut River, from the mouth of the Passumpsic to
Canada, mark the boundaries and make plans of them, and make a map
of the river from its source to the mouth of the Amonoosuc. This trust
was executed with such fidelity that upon the retirement of Gen. Allen, in
1784, he became Surveyor General, an ofiice, at that time, of great
prominence and responsibilit}^ resigning his position as Manager for the
Scotch American Company. He had discharged its duties with faithful-
ness and discretion for eleven 3'ears, and appears to have had very little
friction with the colonists.

On one or two occasions, he had been provoked into severe language
at the unreasonableness of some of his associates, and there were those in
Scotland, as well, who were disposed to make trouble. Houston and
Allan, writing to him, from Renfrew, August 10, 1781, allude to this,
by saj'ing — "We are not wanting those who find fault, and they are
chieflv those who have failed to keep their agreements with the com-
pany." Human nature in Scotland and Ryegate, in 1781, was very
much as it is now.

His compensation as manager, during which time he was also clerk,
treasurer and purchasing agent, was £25 sterling per annum, from Feb.
1,1773 to Aug. 1, 1775. For his services he charged but £10 sterling
during each of the following years and from August, 1777, to August,
1784, the nominal sum of £5 per annum. " It is not supposed," says Mr.
Miller, "that he received anything like adequate compensation for his
services." His last entr\^ in the treasurer's book is as follows:

"Ryegate, Aug. 23, 1784.
Settled all Accounts with the Company preceding this date, and I
owe them £0, 12, 4V2, L. M.

James Whitelaw."

2 Whitelaw to Houston.

THE SCOTCH-AMERICAN COMPANY. 55

By previous arrangement with the Company in Sotland, William
Nelson, James Henderson and Hugh Gardner were appointed managers
in his stead. The titles to the Company's lands, which had before been
held in Whitelaw's name were transferred to the new managers, who
conducted its affairs with great discretion and ability.

In 1815, Hugh Gardner died, and the surviving members conducted
their trust until all the lands of the Scotch American Company had
passed into private hands, all the trusts committed to its care had been
discharged, and the Company dissolved. The last entries in the journal
are only at intervals during the final A^ears. Up to Jan. 1, 1815, they
had sold 121 lots in the south division, receiving for them $4045.71.
They had paid all the debts of the Company contracted in Ryegate, made
considerable expenditures, and between 1801 and 1815, had remitted to
Scotland $2274.52 and had taken up Bills of Exchange drawn by the
managers in Scotland upon tliose in Ryegate, of above $1000.* This
inone\'^ came from the sale of land to settlers, others than members of the
Company, the proceeds of the mills, rent of Company lands, and the
profits of the mills. The managers in Scotland, as appears from the
accounts of the managers in Ryegate, purchased merchandise in Scotland
for the use of colonists, and some of it was sold to people in other towns.
Among other things mentioned are suits of broadcloth made in Scotland
for prominent men in Newbury and elsewhere. In 1782 the managers
purchased and shipped "two cases of china ware," to James Whitelaw to
be sold. Doubtless many articles from these identical consignments, are
among the treasured heirlooms of the old families of Ryegate and Barnet,

The "Scots American Company of Farmers," considered as a cor-
poration, was of great value to the early settlers of Ryegate, and it is
easy to discern its influence even to this day. It had a financial stand-
ing which was of great value in those early days. The managers in
Scotland took a deep interest in the affairs of the colony, and made
special inducements to desirable families to go there and settle. It loaned
money to emigrants for their expenses on the journey ; it sold them lands
on liberal terms of payment, and by the excellent management of its
affairs secured to the community a very high standing.

To its care were committed minor children in several cases, and
money was paid to the company in Scotland to be transmitted to
America for the benefit of particular persons, as in the case of Elizabeth
Todd who married James Henderson, Junior. In her behalf through the
compan3^ as the channel of communication, between 1808 and 1822
nearly $1200 was thus transmitted. In another case, the minor chil-
dren of one John Paterson, it became the trustee, under his will, of a

Company Records.

56 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

considerable sum, to be paid them when tliey came of age. It was
entirely independent of the town organization, and never meddled with
its ecclesiastical affairs.

For the last ten 3'ears of its existence the entries in the Company's
book are few and at longer intervals, and the final entry is as follows :

" Ryegate, 1820. Then William Neilson and fames Henderson exam-
ining all the Companv's Books and Accounts and having paid to all their
just dues, there Remains a small sum of Bad Debts that cannot be easily
collected, which we have taken for the Reward of our Services.

William Nrilso.n,
James Henderson."

Thus ended this singular organization, which had existed nearly
fiftv vears, and whose affairs, on both sides of the sea, had been con-
ducted with wisdom and fidelity. It is to its wisdom in the selection of
colonists that R^'Cgate owes the happy circumstance that its inhabitants
were, until recent vears, nearly all of the Scottish race. The present
inhabitants of R\^egate know very little indeed of this association, and
it is fortunate that its records and much of the corresi^ondence came to
light just in time for its history to find a place in this volume. At the
time of its dissolution few were living who sij^jned the Articles of Copart-
nership at Inchinnan in 1772. It is not known that anv memorial of the
Company is in existence in Scotland.

CHAPTER VIII.
Scotland and Ryegate.

The Home Towns of the Colonists: Inchinxan, Erskine, Kilpatrick, Bal-
DERNOCK, Kilmalcolm, Johnstone, Houston, Renfrew, Kilbarchan,
LocHwiNNOCK, Paisley, Glasgow, Balfron, Roseneath.— The Scotch in
Newbury.— Wages in 1793.— The Ocean Passage.— Emigrants.— Pioneer
Life. — Reflections.

WE have mentioned that most of the early settlers of Ryegate, and
of Barnet as well, came from the west of Scotland, and from
portions of the shires of Renfrew, Stirling, Dunbarton and
Lanark, from parishes and hamlets of which Inchinnan is a center. Two
volumes published near the end of the 18th century give mtich informa-
tion concerning most of these localities, which, supplemented by later
authorities, and j^ersonal information from some persons who have lately
visited them, we gather a few particulars which will interest those whose
ancestors came from any of them.

In 1782, Mr. William Semple issued at Paisle}^ a new and enlarged
edition of a descriptive and biographical work upon these counties,
which had been published many years before b\' George Crawford. In
1792, a Mr. Heron, who seems to have been a very observing man. with
a wide experience which renders his observations not only descriptive
but comparative, published the narrative of his journey through the
west of Scotland and made some remarks upon many places and insti-
tutions.

Of Inchinnan, whence came David Allan, Alexander Miller, the White-
hills and others, we have already spoken at some length. Newmains,
Gateside, Rashilie, Broomlands, Braehead, and others are the names of
farms in that parish which tliey have borne for centuries. Rev. Archibald
Davidson was minister of the parish from 1761, till he demitted the
charge in 1786, to become principal of the University of Glasgow, where
he died in 1803. Several of our early settlers were married by him, and
he baptized their children who were born in Scotland. Dr. Davidson
published a volume of sermons, copies of which are probably preserved
here. He was eminent in the Church of Scotland in his time.

Mr. McClelland gives the names of the elders of the congregation of
Inchinnan from 1722 to 1816, among whom are some familiar names :
Alexr. Stewart, Alexr. Park, David Allan, Duncan McKeith, James and

58 HISTORY OF RYEGATE VERMONT.

John Fulton, William and John Gibson, John Duncan, and several named
Smith. A tombstone in tlie chvirchyard records that David Smith "per-
formed the duties of an elder in the Parish of Inchinnan for 70 years."
"On the 3d of February, 1685, James Algie and John Park were hanged
at the Cross of Paisley for refusing to take the Test and Oath of Abju-
ration.''*

From Erskine, which adjoins Inchinnan on the west, came Hugh
Gardner, Edward Miller, John Ritchie, William and James Neilson, and
others. The lands of Erskine, says Crawford, were the most ancient
possessions of the family which assumed that surname, and afterwards
become Lords Erskine and Earls of Mar. In 1638, it was sold by the
Earl of Mar to Sir John Hamilton, from whom it was purchased in 1703,
by the Blantj^re family, which is now extinct. The manor house of
Erskine, anciently the seat of the Earls of Mar, and called, in 1782, one
of the finest mansions in Scotland, was replaced about 1820, b}' a more
modern structure,, upon another site. Lord Blant3're, whom we have
mentioned before, was patron of the parish in 1773, and Rev. Walter
Young, who succeeded Rev. James Lundie in 1769, was minister for
many years. He corresponded during his life with his old parishoners
who had settled among the Vermont hills, and Mr. Mason records that
a verv affectionate letter from him was read to the Ryegate congrega-
tion, congratulating them upon the settlement of Rev. David Goodwillie.
Glenshinnock, Kitts, Langhaugh and others are hamlets and farm-stead-
ings in Erskine, whose principal village in 1782, contained but thirteen
houses.

On the other side of the Clyde from Inchinnan lies Old Kilpatrick,
now an important place. Part of it is hilly and picturesque, but along
the river the land is level. This parish is in Dunbartonshire, and is said
to have been the birthplace of Saint Patrick, the tutelar saint of Ireland.
Andrew and Robert Brock came from this parish, their birthplace being a
small hamlet called Barns of Cl3'de. Kilpatrick contained several small
hamlets in 1782. The old Roman wall of Antonious passes through this
parish, which is rich in beautiful scenery, especially along the Kelvin,
famous in Scottish song. This place must not be confounded with New
Kilpatrick which is in Renfrewshire, whence came the Robens and others.

From Baldernock, on the south border of Stirlingshire, the Kelvin
forming its southern boundary, came William, Waiter, and Andrew Bu-
chanan, the Wylie famil}^ and Walter Buchanan of Newbury. The parish
church of Baldernock, one of the oldest in Scotland, has been replaced by
a modern edifice. A curious feature of this old kirk was a tower erected
for the use of a watchman emplo3'ed to guard the church-j^ard from the

Church and Parish of Inchinnan, p. 18.

SCOTLAND AND RYEGATE. 59

robbers of graves. Rev. James Cowper was minister there in 1801, and
James Duncan its session clerk more than fifty years. A small hamlet in
this parish is called Barochan Mills. The remains of some curious
structures, which are older than histor^^ and are believed to be the work
of the Druids, are in this parish.

From Kilmalcolm, in the lower ward of Renfrew, which la}"-, a
century ago, on the great road from Paisley to Greenock, came John
Holmes, James Caldwell, William Warden, and others. Part of it is
described by Crawford as bleak and barren land, and part as excellent
pasture. The patron of Renfrew, in 1782, w-as the Earl of Glencairn.
The village contained about fifty houses.

Several individuals came from Leshmahago, a verv large parish,
containing six villages, in 1782. The falls of the Clyde are along the
borders of the town. The village of Abbey Green is built around the site
of an old monaster}^ which dates from the 6th centur}'. The ruins of the
castle in which Queen Mary slept the night before the battle of Langside,
are in this parish.

From Elderslie, celebrated in Scottish history as the birthplace of
Sir William Wallace, came John Gray of Ryegate, and Robert Fulton of
Newbury. A small hamlet, called Brigg o'Johnstone, where a bridge
spans the Black Cart, had but ten residents in 1781, but cotton manufac-
turing being established there, it had grown rapidly in 1792. Johnstone
adjoins Paisley on the west, and from here came Alexander Cochran and
the Gibsons.

Houston and Kilallan were separate parishes till 1760, when thej^
were united under the former name. Rev. Robert Carrick was minister
of Houston, and Rev. John Monteith of Kilallan. The former died in
1771, and Mr, Monteith became minister of both parishes. Church
certificates, in both Ryegate and Barnet, are signed b}' these ministers.

Several who settled in this county came from Renfrew, which is two
miles north of Paisley, and a royal burgh of great antiquity. The
barony of Renfrew was the first possession of the Stewart family in
Scotland, and gives the title of Baron Renfrew to the Prince of Wales.
In 1782, it contained about 200 houses, most of which lay along a single
street, with a few short lanes. Mr. Patrick Simpson was minister of
Renfrew at that time, and had been longer in office than any other
Presbyterian minister in Scotland. In Renfrew are Yocker, Scotslown
and Gordonhill, which had very fertile soil in 1782.

Several who settled in both Ryegate and Barnet came from Kilbar-
chan, of which Mi». Heron in 1792, gives rather an unpleasing picture.
The village contained about 1500 inhabitants, who were mostly weavers,
and very poor, as drinking was universal. On the tenant farms the
houses were almost uniformly covered with thatch, and it was not

60 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

uncommon for a farmer and his cattle to come in and go out at the same
door, and to lie under the same roof, but at different ends of the house.
Kilbarchan is now a prosperous town, and doubtless all these survivals
of an earlier day have long disappeared.

Lochwinnock, whence came John Hunter, Walter Brock and others,
is the name of a lake, and of a parish as well. The former is very beau-
tiful, and surrounded by highly cultivated land. The village was inhab-
ited chiefly b_v weavers.

Several of the signers of the Bond of Association were from the
parish of Govan, of whom only John Scot of Hillsheadholm and James
Whitelaw of Whiteinch, in Old Monkland, came to Ryegate. Govan is
now a great ship-building place.

From Paislc}^ came the Renfrews, James Esden, John Park, the Orrs,
James McKinley and others. Paisley lies on both sides of the Black
Cart, three miles from its junction with the Clyde. The old part of the
town, called the Barony Parish, is on rising ground, on the west bank,
while the new town is built on the level land to the east, on lands which
formerly belonged to the .4bbe\' of Paisley. The buildings inhabited by
the monks are all gone, but the nave of the Abbey church remains entire,
and has been fitted up for a place of worship, and in the cemeter\^
around it lie many Gibsons, Renfrews, Gardners, and others, early repre-
sentatives of the same names in Ryegate, their gravestones lying flat
upon the ground.

Mr. Heron in 1792 sa\'s, "The highway' from Paisley to Glasgow led
through a highly cultivated country, villas, gardens and decorated fields
covering its whole face, with hardly a cottage to be seen, and this has
been from ancient time one of the most highly cultivated districts in all
Scotland." Just outside of Glasgow he came upon one of the first devel-
opments of a power destined to revolutionize the manufactures of Great
Britain, which he mentions thus: "Near Glasgow a cotton work was
pointed out to me, the machinery of which was wrought bv steam. It is
impossible to conjecture how far human ingenuity may yet advance! "

Of Glasgow so much has been written that no particular description
need be given. It is notable that in 1773, Dr. Johnson made his cele-
brated " Tour to the Hebrides," and describes some of the prominent
features of the city. Several settlers of both Ryegate and Barnet came
from Glasgow, and one member of the Company, John Gardner, a
mathematical instrument maker, constructed for James Whitelaw the
surve^'or's compass long used by him, now preserved in the capitol at
Montpelier. *

Both the publications we have cited speak of the emigration to
•America from the parishes we have mentioned, as having attained alarm-
ing proportions, and that the prosperity of Glasgow depended largely

SCO! LAND AND RYEGATE. 61

upon the American trade. The effects of the revolutionary war had been
disastrous in Glasgow, but commerce was reviving in 1782 and its
volume had almost doubled, ten 3'ears later. A great man^' business
houses had been established in America, managed by a brother, son,
clerk or partner of the Glasgow house.

From Balfron, in Stirlingshire, about eighteen miles northwest from
Glasgow, came James Henderson, William Nelson, 2d, the Gilfillans of
Barnet, and others, and its description from the pen of Hon J. B.
Gilfillan of Minnesota, who has lately visited it, differs very little from
that of George Crawford, a century and a half ago. "Balfron lies in the
region of Strathendrick, or valley of the Endrick, a river somewhat
smaller than the Passumpsic, flowing through the bottom of the valle}',
and emptying into Loch Lomond. It is a village of eight or nine hundred
inhabitants, Iving on the northerly slope of the vallev, overlooking much <
of it on both sides. Both slopes of the valley are much extended,
picturesque and beautiful, the landscape being made up of field, forest,
and farm house. Balliwickan castle and grounds are near the village.
The present kirk of Balfron has been built within a centurv, and in the
kirk-vard are found the names of manv Gilfillans, Hendersons, Baehops,
and others."

Near Balfron, in the valley of the Endrick, lie Buchanan, Kilmarnock,
and Dr\'men, whence came many Ryegate and Barnet people.

From Gargunnock, in the north part of Stirlingshire, adjoining
Balfron, came Col. Alexander Harvey', and others of Barnet. This is a
very picturesque parish, lying on the Forth, which is here remarkably
sinuous.

The Leitch and Ritchie families originated at Roseneath, a most
beautiful place on Gairloch, the Firth of Clyde and Loch Long.

It has been stated in more than one publication that the Scotch
element in Newbury was an overflow from the Ryegate colon}-. That
the Scotch who settled in Newbury were attracted there b}' its proximity
to the settlement of their countrymen is probable, but the fact remains
that nearly all in that town came from Fifeshire, on the east coast of
Scotland, and most of them from the neighborhood of Markinch. The
Good willies were the onl}- prominent family in Ryegate or Barnet, which
originated in Fife.

A journey through those portions of Scotland, Vv-hence our colonists
came, would take us among some of the most interesting scenes of a land
where, upon every hill and valle}', glows the light of history and song.
There is no more attractive section in Great Britain, and we may wonder
how people could bring themselves to leave it for the wilderness of
North America.

62 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

A very few sentences taken here and there from the works which we
have cited, explain much of this :

"Lace-making," says Mr. Semple, in 1792, "is much carried on at
Renfrew, and girls are apprenticed to learn the work. Many of them are
taken from hospitals and other establishments for the care of destitute
children. It requires three or four years to learn the w^ork, and when
learned one may earn lOd, or one shilling a day." "In a return made
some years ago of the rates of wages paid agricultural laborers in the
different counties of Great Britain and Ireland, it was found that
Renfrewshire men were the highest paid. The wages for out-workers in
1792, were one shilling per week in winter, and five shillings in summer.
Wages for servants are £9 per year for men, and £4 for women. In 1772,
they were just one-half those sums."

No wonder that men and women in those highly favored localities
turned their thoughts toward emigration, but it is probable that com-
paratively few of those who contemplated the change were able to
surmount the difficulties attending it. It was not easy to sever the ties
which bound them to their native land, and not a few turned back at the
last moment.

The expense of the voyage to America, in those days, varied as widely
as now. The newspapers of the time, in Glasgow, and other seaports,
contain advertisements of ships about to sail for American ports, and
refer the inquirer to the captain, or the owners, for information, as to
rates of passage. It would seem that people made individual bargains
for their conveyance. The young men, usually, worked their way as com-
mon seamen. Few, probablj^ could pa}'^ for a cabin passage; most went
in the steerage, which, in the best of weather, must have been dismal
enough. In storms the hatches were battened down, and the emigrants
had, for days, no light or fresh air. Six weeks was a quick passage,
which calms or contrary winds sometimes stretched to six months.
Only the young and hardy attempted the voyage, and the records of
some of our families give, after a name — "Died on the passage to
America." Some contracted ship fever, from which they never entirely
recovered.

The journal of Rev. David Sutherland of Bath, in his vo\'age to
America in June-August, 1803, gives some interesting particulars. The
passage occupied eleven weeks, in which there were eleven days of calm,
when the\' made no progress; thirteen days of head winds, when they
were driven out of tlieir course; eight of fog, and seven of violent
tempest, leaving only about forty da3'S of favorable Aveather. Yet the
voyage was considered a very good one. We can only imagine what a
fearful thing a winter passage must have been. Most of the emigrants,
in after life, remembered the voyage with little pleasure. When the

SCOTLAND AND RYEGATE. 63

subject of laying a telegraph cable between England and America was
first contemplated, two elderly Scotch people in Newburj' were discussing
the idea, and one said, "Mr. Ross, you and I, who have crossed the
ocean, know that such a thing canna be! "

.Mrs. John Barron, who lived on the river road, in Bradford, used to
relate how the Scotch people, on the way to Ryegate and Barnet, used to
stop to rest at her house, men, women and children, and of their
insatiable thirst for buttermilk.

Their ports of landing were, usually, Portsmouth, Newbury port,
Boston, and. New York. Later emigrants came to Hartford, completing
the journe}' on foot, sending their goods b\' boat.

Col. William Wallace kept tavern in Newbury, and never" failed to
■welcome his country folk with a bountiful meal, and other creature com-
forts, while all were sure of rest and rejoicing at the end of their long
journey.

We do not know how many emigrants left Scotland for R\-egate in
the earlier j'ears, or the number who finally reached here. In the letters
written to Scotland by James Whitelaw from 1773 to 1800, he mentions
man\^ names not given b\' Mr. Mason or Mr. Miller as residents, and his
correspondents in Scotland mention several persons as having left the
countrv for Rvegate. Of Hugh Gemmell and familv, Patrick Reid and
sons, George Oswald, W'illiam and James W'ilson, who were among those
that came here we know little or nothing.

In 1824, Gen. Whitelaw prepared an account of Ryegate for Thomp-
son's Gazetteer, in which he says that in 1775 sixt}' persons left Scotland
for Rj'cgate, at one time, and reached Boston just before the battle of
Bunker Hill. Only one of the company — Elizabeth Shields who married
James Smith— was allowed to proceed on her journey, the rest were
detained in Boston by General Gage, who gave them their choice — to
join the British Army, go to Nova Scotia, or return to Scotland. Most
returned to Scotland; a few went to Nova Scotia, of whom only tw^o,
John and Robert Hall, are known to have, many 3'ears later, come to
Ryegate. Letters written from Scotland about that time give the names
of some ot them — William Bowie and family, James McBride and wife,
Thomas Halle}', William Tassie and sons.

Mr. Mason, in one of his sketches, contrasting the portions of Scotland
which we have described, whence the R^-egate colonists came, with the
untamed wilderness which lav before them here, almost w^onders that they
did not give up the task in despair and go back to their native land.
There were, no doubt, some misgivings, when they contemplated what
must be done before the dense forest could give place to fruitful farms,
but they had not come here just to go Ijack again. In their journey from
the seaports where they had disembarked, tliey had passed through por-

64 HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VERMONT.

tions of New England where they conid observe the successive advances
of civilization into the wilderness. In 1773, the older portions of the
country had been settled as long as Ryegate has been settled now. As
they advanced into the interior they would be informed that periods of
peace with the Indians were marked bj* wide areas of new settlements.
In the older places the country and its dwellings had tlie aspect of long
established communities. As they proceeded, the country became new and
newer, till they came to Newbury and Haverhill, whose remarkable
advance had been the work of only ten years. The}' found there a con-
dition which had surprised the commissioners, where people seemed to
have an abundance of the necessaries of life, and lived in a state of plenty
which they had not known in Scotland. What Yankee grit had done in
Newbury, Scotch grit coidd do in Ryegate, and they bent their minds
and bodies to the task before them.

Some of the 3'oung men who came to this town worked for awhile
near the sea coast, or among their countr3'men in the vicinity of London-
derry, N. H. Others worked for a season or two in Newbur}' or Haver-
hill and eiirned mone}- to pa}' for their land, or took their pa}' in cattle
or sheep with which to begin farming for themselves. Meantime they
learned Yankee wavs. It will be remembered that only part of those
who settled here were members of the Compan\', and thus entitled to
shares of the land ; the others were outsiders who purchased land where
they could get it.

If the whole territory of- Ryegate was now covered with such a for-
est as clothed its hills in 1773, the lumber would be worth more than the
assessed value of the real estate and personal property now in the town.
Such has been the rise in value of a product then considered as an incu-
bus, to be disposed of in the easiest way.

No one could have foreseen then, or predicted the changes which time
was to bring. Many farms were cleared in Ryegate, on which there were
once happy homes, surrounded by fields where men worked; firesides
around which the household gathered ; where the father " took the
Book " ; whence the evening psalm and the evening prayer ascended ;
and, later, the stars and the hills watched over the sleeping farm house,
where there is now only a cellar with a few apple trees keeping guard
over it and broken walls show where once were well tilled fields. The old
people went to their long rest; the younger ones scattered; the farm
sold ; the buildings went to deca}'. Man\' such the sad memories of the
older people recall.

It has been often suggested that VVhitelaw and Allan might have
selected a better location than Ryegate for their colony, and their
reasons given for their choice have seemed inadequate to many. It is
easy, in the light of subsequent events, to criticize the actions of people so

BLUE MOUNTAIN FROM NORTH RYEGATE CREAMERY.

'..'.:. '?-,j^.'^/ ■■''■<

TICKLENAKED POND OR WITHERSPOON LAKE.

SCOTLAND AND RYEGATE. 65

long ago, but it seems to us that their choice was a prudent one. It
must be remembered, that in 1773, onl\' a narrow strip along the eastern
edge of the continent, had been settled. At that time, what is now the
great state of Ohio, had not a single English settlement. It would not
have b.'en safe to push far beyond the settled parts of the countr\\ The
lands in the Mohawk Valley were then the frontier of civilization, and
were ricli and valuable, but the commissioners did not like the people, and
their impressions of the inhabitants are like those recorded in the journal
of Gen. Jacob Bajdey, of Nevvburj^ and Rev. Henry True, of Hampstead
who passed along the valley in the Old French War.

Had they formed a settlement there, they might have perished in the
revolution, as did the settlers of Cherry Valley, a Scotch-Irish colony, in
the massacres of 1778.

The commissioners chose Ryegate because it lay in the midst ol a
country which was rapidly filling up with inhabitants more like them-
selves than anv other which thej^ had visited, and where the}' felt that
the civil and religious ideas, in which they had been trained, would be
best preserved.

They were doubtful of this result elsewhere, and doubtful of the
influences in other localities. The first settlers of Newbury were a
religious people, and had hardly become settled in their log cabins before
they had obtained a minister, and stated preaching of the gospel, and
the church, organized in 1764, the oldest, but one, in the state, has
always been one of the strongest in the Connecticut Valley. The Scotch
settlers of Ryegate liked the English settlers of Newbury, the Newbury
people liked them, and their minister, Mr. Powers, took them under his
pastoral charge, while he remained.

Among the papers of Col. Thomas Johnson, preserved in Newbury,
are many letters from the early settlers of Ryegate and Barnet, which
indicate the regard and esteem with which the people of the whole valley
held these colonists, and we can only consider it as a favorable circum-
stance that their lot was cast among congenial people. Had the}^ settled
in an imfriendly community, with whom they could have had little
intercourse, where their religious views had met w^ith opposition, it is
certain that dissatisfaction and removals would soon have depopulated
the colony.

Other considerations, as well as fertility of soil, mildness of climate,
or ease of cultivation, make a place desirable for the residence of people
like the settlers of Ryegate and Barnet.

In a previous chapter we mentioned some of the causes of the emigra-
tion from Scotland, which first settled the town. As the years went on,
other reasons for leaving the old country contributed to increase the tide.

66 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

The conscription which attended the wars of Napoleon caused many
voung men to come to America in order to escape service in the army.

The introduction of spinning machines, and later, of the power loom,
threw thousands of weavers and spinners out of employment, many of
whom found means to come to this country. But the strongest induce-
ment to emigration was the prosperity of their friends who had been
here for some years.

The letters which Mr. Whitelaw received from Scotland, and are
preserved, indicate to what an extent the idea of emigration had taken
hold of the public mind, and how carefully each point had been consid-
ered. His abilities had raised him to a prominent position, and it was
with pride that his relatives and friends told that James had become a
great man in America. Mechanics, clerks, clergymen, schoolmasters,
farmers, men of every sort, rich and poor, wrote to him for advice as to
what part of the countr}' the particular calling which each followed,
would find the best place for its exercise.

CHAPTER IX.
The Hazen Road.

The Revolutionary War. — The Post of Danger. — The Hazen Road. — Its
General Course.— Its Co.nstruction Begun by General Bayley, and
Abandoned.— Plans for Lnyasion of Canada. — The Road Co.mpleted to
Westfield. — Why Abandoned — Another Invasion of Canada Contem-
plated.— The State of the Country. — Subsequent History of the
Military Road.

THE Ryegate colonists had hardly erected a few log cabins in differ-
ent parts of the tow^n, and begun to clear the land about them,
when the storm of the revolutionary war burst upon the country.
This was very unfortunate for our people, not only that their situation
on the frontier exposed them to danger, and continued alarms kept the
people in constant anxiety, but the war retarded the growth of the set-
tlement, and suspended during several 3'ears, the emigration from Scot-
land, which might have become quite large. The war also made all
communication between the colonists and their friends in Scotland,
infrequent and hazardous, and led, as we have seen, to some misunder-
standings between the managers in Ryegate and the officers of the com-
pany at home.

It had been the intention of the Company's leading men in Scotland,
as we are informed by the letters of their officers to Mr. Whitelaw, to
expend considerable money on their lands in Ryegate, clearing farms and
erecting buildings, which were to be sold to persons from that country
who were able to pay for such improvements. If this had come to pass,
and these letters show that many men of means had decided thus to
come, and take possession of farms already cleared for them, much mone_v
would have been brought into the town, and its increase in wealth and
population would have been very rapid. But the war changed all this,
and instead of a season of prosperity, the colonists found themselves in
imminent danger of being swept out of existence by the tide of war.

It was evident that in the event of a war between Great Britain and
her colonies, Canada would be made a base of military operations, and
an invasion of New England from that quarter would be exjiected.
There were man}' reasons why such an invasion would take the Connec-
ticut valle}' in its course. The industry of its inhabitants had turned it
into fruitful farms, with flocks and herds in great numbers, on which an

68 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

invading army might subsist while gathering for an attack on the rear
of New England, and the Indian trails which led to Canada and to Lake
Champlain could be utilized as routes for an army, and made passable
for a military advance.

Should such an invasion be made, the Ryegate settlers would be in its
path, and upon them the blow would first fall. Yet there seems to
have been no talk of abandoning the enterprise, the work of subduing
the wilderness went steadily on, and in spite of alarms and military ser-
vice, new families came in, farms were cleared, and people were born,
married and died all through the seven years the war lasted.

Cut off as the}^ were from aid, which had not the war come on, they
would have had from Scotland, they relied for protection upon their
neighbors at Newbury. There were in that town and Haverhill at that
time, several men whose ability and militar}' experience were to prove a
tower of strength to the whole valley, and by whose sagacity and energy
the northern frontier of New England was destined to be protected.

The chief of these was Jacob Bayley, who had served with great
reputation in the late war, and had been the leading spirit in the settle-
ment of Newbury and Haverhill. His name is justly venerated through-
out this valle}', and he was alike redistinguished for his talents,- his patri-
otism, and his piety. He sacrificed a large estate in behalf of his coun-
try ; his influence over the Indians preserved the settlements from danger;
and it was mainly by his instrumentality that the ranger system was
established in the wilderness. Of this we shall speak later. There were
others. Col. Thomas Johnson, Col. Jacob Kent, Col. Frye Bayley, Col.
Robert Johnston of Newbury and his brother Charles at Haverhill, and
Col. Bedel of the latter place. These were men of great fame in their
time.

In the winter of 1775-'76 an American force invaded Canada in two
divisions, one by Lake Champlain, and the other, with great hardship
and suffering, by the way of Kennebec River. This invasion seemed for a
time to promise success, but the American troops were repulsed, and all
the advantage gained was soon lost. It had been expected that upon
the appearance of an American army, the Canadians would throw off
the British yoke and join the movement for independence. But they
remained passive; the army in Canada was forced to retire, and it was
necessary to send troops to protect their retreat. The first regiments
were sent by way of Lake Champlain, but another and easier route was
made through the eastern part of this state, whose beginning is described
in a letter written by Col. Thomas Johnson to Major Caleb Stark, dated
April 20, ISO-i, recommending a route for the contemplated stage line
between Boston and Montreal.

THE HAZEN ROAD. 69

"At the time General Montgomery had his defeat at Quebec, troops were
wanted to send into Canada the easiest and safest way possible. General Wash-
ington inquired which way he could send them with the greatest possible
despatch. General Bayley happening to be in the way informed him that they
might go more safely by way of Coos and the Missisco Bay at that season of
the year. After part of the men had marched, Gen. Washington sent counter
orders for what men had not marched to march by Missisco. At the same time
for one man who could be depended upon, to go forward with two or three men
with him to make a track and when troops had got into Canada, for that man
to return, and make a report of the time and points of compass. I took that
fatiguing duty upon myself We went from here the 26th of March, were four
days from this place to Missisco Bay, and one more to St. Johns. The rivers and
lakes were breaking up. The troops got in well, and those that had gone from
this river by Lake Champlain ten days sooner, w^ere only arriving when I got in."*

Indian Joe is believed to have been their guide. Frye Bayley, John
McLean, Abial and Silas Chamberlin v^ere of the party, and the journal
of the expedition is as follows:

" Tuesday, March 26. Set out from Newbury, lodged with the last inhabi-
tant, w^aited half a day for the rest of the soldiers to come up, good land for a
road. Wed. 27. Marched ten miles, good country. Thurs. 28. Marched twelve
miles, good land for a road, except three miles. Saturday 30. Marched fifteen
miles, good country for a road except about two miles. Sunday 3 1 . Marched
ten miles to Mr. Metcalf s. good country, waited half a day for the rear. Mon-
day, April 1. Marched twenty-five miles to St. Johns. Tuesday 2. Tarried at
St. Johns. Wednesday 3. Returned to Mr. Metcalfs. Thursday 4. Tarried for
the rear. 5th, 6th. 7th and 8th returned home. Distance from Newbury to St.
Johns 92 miles."

Along the trail thus located, several regiments passed to Canada on
snow shoes.

The fact being determined that troops could be sent into Canada
some days sooner by this than b}^ any other route, led the Continental
authorities to attempt the construction of a military road from New-
bury to St. Johns, along the general course of the great Indian trail,
which Johnson had followed. Major James Wilkinson was the engineer
appointed to locate the military route, since known as the Hazen Road,
and he carried the survey in a course as nearl^^ straight as the inequali-
ties of the ground permitted, from Newbury to Canada. Any one who
will take the trouble to look south along this ancient highway from the
top of the hill at the Gra}' farm, as it stretches with undeviating preci-
sion over hill and valle3\ will be impressed by its difference from any
other road in this part of the country. The surveys, now understood to
be in the possession of the War Department at Washington, were, in
general, the work of Major Wilkinson, but many of the details were
wrought out by James Whitelaw. The present highway in Ryegate,

Original among the Johnson papers owned by T. C. Keyes at Newbury,

70 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

from Wells River through the central part of the town to Barnet line,
follows, except for a short distance, the line of the old military road. It
went in a straight course through the farm now owned by Hermon
Miller and the Henderson farm past the buildings. The road from the
Henderson farmhouse north toward the Corner, is along the military
road.

The survey of the Boston and Montreal turnpike, still preserved at
Montpelier, made by General Whitelaw in 1809, is understood to follow,
with few deviations, the Hazen Road from Newbury to Canada line, and
affords some details to add to our knowledge of the route. This survey
began in Wells River village, at the corner near the residence of the late
Col. Erastus Baldwin, from which it is five miles to a point in the road a
few feet beyond the store at Ryegate Corner, four miles more taking it to
Barnet line. Just beyond the Walter Harvey Meeting house the Hazen
Road is the one which makes the sharp turn up the hill to the left, pass-
ing behind Harvey's Mountain to Peacham Corner, foxirteen miles from
the starting point.

From Peacham it passed, apparently, through the extreme south-
west part of Danville into Cabot. In this latter town the road has been
altered, and its precise location is somewhat obscure. It passed over
Cabot plain, between Joe's and Molly's Ponds into Walden, where it
went through the southwest part of the town, entering Hardwick,
and descending a fearfully steep hill to the Lamoille River, a distance of
twenty-eight and one-half miles from Wells River. Crossing the river it
passed through Hardwick Street, and thence into Greensboro between
Caspian Lake and Ely's Pond, to Craftsbury Common. It went thence
west of Hosmer Pond, climbing the east side of Lowell Mountain by a
rugged road along the mountain side to its summit, whence it descends
to Lowell Village. It then took the course west of Walker's Pond,
through the southwest part of Westfield to the summit of a notch in
Westfield Mountain, fifty-four miles from where it began. There has been
some question as to where the Hazen Road properly begins. This point
is easily decided. Gen. Hazen gives the terminus of the road at the Notch
as stated above, while the turnpike survey which began where the Rye-
gate road turns from the river road in Wells River village, to the same
point gives the same distance. Consequently the Hazen Road begins at
Wells River. For the first few miles it probably followed the road
which the settlers had made to their lands. The bridge across Wells
River was a few rods above where it is now, at that time.

There has been, also, some doubt as to which of several roads in
Orleans County follows the line of the old militar}' road, but Thompson's
Gazetteer, published in 1824, says: "The present road from Peacham

THE HAZEN ROAD. 71

to Kellj-vale, (Lowell) occupies the same ground over which the Hazen
Road passed."

When we consider that the road was built one hundred and thirty'
years ago, before a town was chartered, or a settlement made, north of
' Peacham, and that the whole region was an unbroken wilderness, it is
no wonder that the precise location of a few short sections should be
obscure. The surveyors followed the general course of the Indian trail,
knowing that they invariably chose the best location for their forest
paths.

In June, 1776, General Bayley began the work, and sent sixty men
with teams to cut trees, and construct the road, w^hich was made wide
enough to permit the passage of carts, to a point just over the Cabot
line, where it was discontinued, on report of the capture of St. Johns and
that troops were coming to destroy the settlement. It is not now
believed that any such force was at hand, but that the alarm was con-
trived by the tories to frighten people, and stop the building of the road.
It succeeded so well that no further work was done upon it for two
years.

Another very urgent reason may have hastened the abandonment.
In a letter written by General Bayley to the Provincial Congress, Feb.
26, 1777, he says:

"I had in pay 60 men from the 1st of July to the 10th of September at ten
dollars per month, and supplied them, which were the only soldiers in this
quarter. During this time I was desired by committees of this and Neighboring
states to do this service (they were men I had hired to make the road to Can-
ada). I must desire you to consider my Case, and grant me relief by paying
me the roll offered you by my clerk, Mr. William Wallace — as I cannot do justice
to the American cause without. The militia are now^ on their march from this
County. I am obliged to advance Marching Money, and I am,

Gentlemen, your most obedient humble servant,

Jacob Bayley."*

It seems probable from this letter, that this section of the road was
constructed at General Bayley's expense, and it is very probable, also,
that he was never repaid, at least in full. It would seem that his name
should have been given to it, instead of General Hazen's. The latter only
constructed a part of it, and not, probably, at his own cost. It has been
proposed to call it the Bayley-Hazen road, and this would be no more
than restoring the honor to him w^ho deserves it most.

But he continued to believe that there would be no peace along the
frontier, as long as the tories were sustained by the hope of help from
Canada, and his scouts brought him information that if a force was sent
thither, sufficient to insure protection, the inhabitants would throw off

Documentary History of New York, I., 691.

72 HISTOUY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

the British yoke. In the summer of 1778, preparations were made for
another invasion of Canada. Great quantities of militarj' stores were
collected at Haverhill and Newbury, and many men were enlisted for the
service.

On the 13th of JuU', 1778, General Bayley wrote from Newbury to
General Gates, as follows:

"Col. Hazen arrived here last evening, and has communicated to me what his-
business is respecting a land road into Canada, together with what provision
may be had here. It is my opinion, by the many observations I have made of the
country between this place and Canada, that it is very practicable. I have once^
1)y Major James Wilkinson, surveyed a road from this place to St. Johns, which is
marked and good at 95 miles; the same is made about thirty miles, the rest is
well marked. * * * i have not the least doubt but six or eight, or ten thou-
sand bushels of wheat can be purchased in this quarter, and beef in plenty ; as
for forage, if wanted, I will supply from my farm 100 tons of hay, etc. Should an
expedition into Canada be undertaken (if wanted), I will assist, and I should
think myself happy to serve another successful campaign, with your Honor,,
which, I doul)t not, but another into Canada would be.

Jacob Bayley." *

It will be seen, by this, that another invasion of Canada was being^
planned, and it was decided to complete the road, which Ba^'Iey had
begun, and General Moses Hazen was ordered to move his military stores
to Peacham. He accordingly made requisition upon the selectmen of the
river towns to provide teams for the purpose. A large portion of Bedel's
regiment, which had seen much service, and VVhitcomb's rangers were
ordered to Peacham to begin the construction of the road. It began in
Mav, 1779, and was continued till the end of August. A block house
was erected at Peacham, as a base of ojjcrations, and as the work
progressed, one was erected in Cabot, another in Walden, and a third in
Greensboro. Wells were dug at various points, swamps were bridged
with logs, and the whole made passable for teams. General Hazen
encamped for some time on the present site of Lowell village, and the
place was called by him, "The Camp at the End of the Road," although
its actual terminus is some miles further on.

Work on the military road was discontituied about the last of
August, 1779, and all the men and teams employed in its construction
w^ere withdrawn. Garrisons were maintained at the block-houses at
intervals while the war lasted. During the summer of 1781, Capt. Nehe-
miah Lovewell of Newbury was stationed at Peacham with his company.
In September, four men, Constant Bliss of Thetford, Moses Sleeper

*N. H. State Papers, Vol.

Note. The biography of Major (afterwards General) James Wilkinson, makes
no mention of this survey, Ijut he was with the army in Canada, and on detached
service connected with it at the time, some of this survey may have been connected
with this enterprise.

THE HAZEN ROAD. 73

of Newbury, Nehemiah Martin of Bradford, and Nahum Powers, were
sent by him to take possession of the block-house in Greensboro. In
an unguarded moment, while at some distance from the building, they
were attacked by Indians. Bliss and Sleeper were killed, and the others
carried to Canada. General Hazen* also camped a few weeks on Cabot
plain and fortified a hill or elevation near it. One summer, probably
1781, or 1782, two companies of Continental troops were encamped on
the Gray farm in Ryegate. They were short of provisions, and stole
some of Mr. Gray's potatoes. The good man protested to the command-
ing officer, but was only told that "Hunger will break through a stone
wall."

Considerable mystery attends the building of the Hazen Road, and
we are not able to shed much light upon the disputed points. After all
that has been written about it we are not certain why it was con-
structed, or by whose orders, and why, being built nearly to Canada
line, it was so suddenly abandoned. General Hazen, writing from his
camp in what is now Lowell village, under date of August 24, 1779,
announces to Colonel Bedel, his determination to put an end to the work
by the next Saturda}' night, as if it was his personal affair, and he was
at liberty to discontinue it when he chose. Yet it is certain that its
construction and progress were well known to General Gates, and other

high officers in the American army.
Note.

State of Vermont,

To Nahum Powers, Dr.

To sundry articles taken from him by the savages in the month of August,

1781, when he was taken prisoner from Capt. Nehemiah Lovewell Company
and Col. Waits regiment as follows : — viz. —

To one Gun 72/ Powder horn 6/ £3.18.0

Straps and Bullet pouch 6/ 6.0

One Heaver hat 52/ One frock 12/ 3. 4.0

One pair shoes 12/ Buckles 6/ 18.0

Knapsack and belt 6/ Jacknife 3/ 9.0

One Blanket 18/ 18.0

£9.13.0

To his wages from the 24th of Nov. unto the 22d day of June,

1782, when he was in captivity, after the term of his enlistment
was out, being 7 months saving ten days at 40/ per month is

near, 14.00.0

£23.13.0

True accoiuit, Errors Excepted, pr me,

Nahum Power?.
Asserted by me, Nehemiah Lovewell. Capt'n.

(Original at Montpelier)

* Moses Hazen was born at Haverhill, Mass., June \, 1733, and served with
great distinction in the French war, after which he settled near St. Johns, and was
a wealthy man He espoused the American cause, rendered efficient service, and
was made a Brigadier General in 1777. After the war he settled near Troy, N. Y.,
where he died in 1803. He was a brother of Capt. John Hazen of Haverhill, who
died before the war.

74 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

It has been thought that an invasion of Canada had been planned
and that the road was constructed to provide a quick and easy passage
for an army with artillery and supplies. The further conjecture follows,
that the abandonment, at least temporarily, of the plan, led to the dis-
continuance of work upon the road. Others have considered the work as
done merely to deceive the Canadian authorities into the belief that such
an invasion was about to be made, and thus prevent them from sending
troops from Canada to reinforce the army around New York. As far as
we can perceive, it was abandoned for the reason that Hazen's scouts
gave warning that Indians and small detachments of Canadian militia
w^ere kirking in the woods, and that he feared being captured. On his
retreat he sent out flanking parties to scour the woods on each side, but
was not molested.

We are not informed as to the number of men emplo3'ed in its con-
struction, but the force of w^orkmen must have been large, to have accom-
plished such a work in so short a time. During its progress supplies were
daily sent from Newbury and Haverhill under convoy of a strong guard,
and that part of it which lay in Ryegate, must have been a ver}^ busy
thoroughfare for some time.

A number of letters, too long to give here, are preserved in what are
known as the "Bedel Papers," and the "Hibbard Collection," owned by
the New Hampshire Historical Society, and published in Vols. XIV., XV.,
XVI., and XVII., of the N. H. State Papers.

In 1780, another invasion of Canada was contemplated, as appears
from the following letters, which are preserved among the Little papers
at Newburyport, and which, it is believed, have never before been
published :

"Col. Moses Hazen, by Command of General Washington to Brigadier Gen'l.
Bayley at Coos, (Public Service)

Dear Sir :—

The Commander-in-chief approves of your sending parties into Canada, for
intelligence, and I have it in Command from him to desire you will continue your
inquiries in such manner as you may judge necessary to obtain the certain and
authentic information of the enemy's strength and position in Canada, the Gen'l.
officers in that country, the different corps and by whom commanded, the general
disposition of the people, and the laws by which they are governed, the situation
of the country in respect to provisions, and the present crops of grain and hay.
If any, what re-inforcements have arrived in the country, (Canada), since last
year, and any and all matters which you may think necessary.

This will be to you a sufficient authority.

I am yours, &c.,

Moses Hazen.

N. B. Also v\rhat ships of war, transports and Merchant ships are in the
River St. Lawrence.

Brig-Gen. Bayley.

THE HAZEN ROAD. 75

The following letter is without address, but is believed to have been
written to Colonel Moses Little, who was then at Newburj', or to
General Bay ley.

Camp near Morristgwx, 15 June, 1780.

Dr. Sir: — Together with this you have a pubHc letter which will enable
you to charge any and all expenses which you have or may be at, in obtain-
ing intelligence from Canada. I thought it best to bring James (?) to this place
in order to have it in my power the sooner to advise you of the reception our
matters met with in this place.

The General (Washington), appears pleased with the measures taken and the
probability of securing the grain and has ordered that the magazine of beef at
Charlestown be not removed, but remain for the present in that place.

The French fleet is not expected before the end of the month. The Marquis
(Lafayette), is warm for what we wish, measures are being taken to accomplish
this. Bnt such is our feeble situation in this quarter, that time and circumstances
must determine our future operations.

I hope you will secure the grain, as that will be a great point gained. There
is a late resolution of Congress respecting, as I am informed, the protection of
your country ; what it is I do not kno^v ; it shall be forwarded as soon as I lay
hands on it. Upon the whole, I have the strongest hopes of success in our
wishes, yet they are not without some well grounded fears that the enterprise
will not be undertaken. If it should be, by what I can learn, it will be a most
formidable plan.

The commander-in-chief is steady to the point. Schuyler is deely interested in
it. Much depends upon the information you obtain from Canada. Pray let this
supply your whole time and attention. You must settle a constant patrol, so as
to have new^s from Canada every ten days, at least, which transmit to head-
quarters, writing me a line at the same time.

I have ordered Boileau-Lagrande to transport themselves from Albany to
Coos, and put themselves under your command. It is possible that Gaseline may
be sent off to you by some other route in a few days.

The enemy hath hitherto had such a force in the Jerseys as has made it
imprudent for the Gen'l. to act on the offensive, a disagreeable circumstance for
him to be under, more especially as Charleston is lost, our southern army prison-
ers of war. Cornwallis is advancing toward N. Carolina, and Gen. Clinton,
with a great part of the army, on the way to return to New York. But " what-
ever is, is right ; " we shall be free, and I hope end the campaign successfully.
All these matters keep to yourself, as they ought not, nay, must not, go abroad.

In conjunction with Col. Bedel, I beg you will plant a few potatoes, sow a
little turnip seed and grass seed and a few handfulls of oats on the cleared land at
the Blockhouses. You know what I mean by it. A word to the wise, etc., &c.
Please to communicate the contents to Col. Bedel, and believe me.

Dear Sir, yours most sincerely,

Moses Hazex. *

It certainly appears by these letters, that an expedition was seriously
considered at headquarters, for which preparations were about to begin,

* These letters were procured for the editor by the late Hon. Benjamin Hale of
Newburyport.

76 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

and this invasion was to be made by way of the Connecticut valley and
the Hazen Road.

Some allusions in these letters need explanation, in regard to securing
the grain, etc. : By 1780 the Coos Country had become so productive as
to export great quantities of wheat and other grain. In case of an
invasion of Canada by an army, passing through the valley, all the
grain, which could be gathered, would be needed for its support, and
active measures were taken in the river towns to prevent its being
carried away. At a town meeting duly warned in Newbury, Feb. 4,
1780, "To see what measures should be taken to prevent the grain being
sent out of the place," a committee was chosen to act with a committee
of Haverhill, to take "effectual measures" to that end. The Haverhill
records show corresponding action.

But whatever may have been contemplated, the march of events was
not in the direction of the Canadian frontier. In September the treason
of Arnold came to light, and the future events of the war were in the
south.

Another sentence in the second letter, in which Hazen suggests plant-
ing and sowing aroimd the blockhouses, relates to a claim which these
men intended to make to some of the ungranted lands in the north part
of the state. Peacham was chartered in 1763, but Walden, Cabot, Hard-
wick, Greensboro and the other towns along the road were not granted
till after the war. Col. Moses Little was a large land holder, and por-
tions of his lands in Newbury are still owned by his descendants in that
town. A space around each blockhouse was cleared of trees and by rais-
ing a crop, however small, a claim might be set up to a section of land.j

It is not (juite true, as has been sometimes stated, that the Hazen
Road was never of an\' use from a military point of view. It had a
strategetic value during the last years of the war, as it lay, an open
route for the American forces, which could be utilized to strike a blow
u])on the enemy in Canada. It gave also to the ranger service along the
frontier, a direct route to the danger points in the wilderness upon which
a constant watch was kept during the war. The safety of New England
demanded tlie protection of its northern frontier, and a system of patrols
kept the authorities informed of the enemy's movements. Companies of
soldiers were stationed in tlie Coos Country and along the Hazen road
to guard the frontier, and these measures were fairly successful.

But id spite of all precautions, from the beginning of the war to its
close, the Coos country, and the Ryegate settlers as well, were kept in
constant alarm, and with good reason. In 1780, houses were burned in
Peacham along the Hazen Road, and their occupants carried to Canada.
In August a party of Indians came into Barnard, and carried off three
men. In October, Capt. Nehemiah Lovewell of Newbury, who was sta-

THE HAZEN ROAD. 77

tioned with part of his company at Peacham to guard the Hazen Road,
was with a small scout near the Lamoille River, when they discovered
a force of three hundred British and Indians making their way south
through the woods. He sent men to warn the country, all the militia
north of Charlestown turned out, and the invaders, who had intended to
destroy Newburv, turned aside and burned Royalton. This was called
the "Great Alarm."

In March, 1781, Col. Thomas Johnson of Newburv, who had con-
tracted with James Bailej' of Peacham, to build a grist mill in that place,
went there with Josiah and Jacob Page, and two ox teams with the mill
stones. Thev stayed over night with John Orr in Ryegate, and the next
night put up with Dea. Jonathan Elkins in Peacham, where Ellery Mc-
Laughlin now lives. In the night the house was surrounded b\'_ British
and tories. Johnson, Jacob Page and Jonathan Elkins Jr., were taken
prisoners, and carried to Canada. The capture of such a prominent
man as Col. Johnson indicated the ever-present danger of the inhabitants,
and it had a great influence upon local history- till the end of the war,
and long after.

Several attempts were made to capture General Jacob Baylc}' of
Newbury. On the 15th of June, 1782, a force of eighteen men surprised
his house, but he had been warned, and escaped to Haverhill. One man,
Ezra Gates, was wounded in the affray. We mention these events to
show the dangerous position in which Ryegate people found themselves
placed.

The Hazen Road was an important factor in the settlement of the
north part of the state, as it was the first road, and for many years the
only one, in what are now Lamoille and Orleans counties. The first
clearings were made along its course, and from it as a trunk line roads
extended east and west. Settlers found by it a ready ingress to their new
homes, and by its use, the settlement of that part of the state was
hastened by several years. Among the first to seek homes there, were
some of the men who had been employed upon it, and had learned the
value of the land. The block-houses which had been erected for defense
and protection in war, were turned to useful purposes in days of peace.
In the block-house in Walden was held the first preaching service and
the first school; it was temporarily occupied by several families, and in
it was born the first white child in that town.

It became the first stage road between Boston and Montreal, and for
nearly its entire length it is still in constant use, and one of the land-
marks of the state. It was built by the sacrifices of patriots who gave
their property and pledged their credit to build this road for the defense
of the country.

78 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

On the 21st of August, 1903. a granite tablet, suitably inscribed, was
erected to mark the terminus of the road at Hazen's Notch, in Westfield,
and a large audience listened to a carefully prepared address by Hon. F.
W. Baldwin, who has kindly allowed its use in preparing this chapter.
This monument, erected under the auspices of the Orleans County His-
torical Society, should be followed by the placing of others marking the
entire course of this historic road, the location of its block-houses, and
other sites.

The survey and outline maps of the towns north of Barnet, preserved
in the office of the Secretary of State, at Montpelier, give the correct
location of the Hazen Road.

CHAPTER X.

Ryegate in the Revolutionary War.

Patriotism of the Colonists. — Minute-men. — The Great Alarm. — The Cam-
paign OF BURGOYNE. — HiS INSTRUCTION TO COL. BaUME — CaPT. FrYE Bay-

ley's Company.— Adventure of Bartholomew Somers.— Blockhouse.—
Anecdotes.

IN the last chapter we spoke of certain events of the revolutionary war
which affected Ryegate to some extent, and in the present one we
will consider the part which the inhabitants themselves, or some of
them, took in the great struggle.

Some surprise has been expressed that the colonists of Ryegate and
Barnet, onlv lateh' from Great Britain, should at once have adopted the
views of the American patriots, when we might expect them to have
adhered to the British cause. But the Whitelaw^ correspondence shows
that the colonists were from that large class of thoughtful men in Scot-
land, whose experience of class rule, and whose sober judgment led them
to view with apprehension the encroachments of the crown and to sym-
pathize with the rebels in America. This class of citizens, which was
much larger than we generally suppose, was influential enough in the
beginning of the struggle to offer considerable opposition to the meas-
ures of Government. This part}'^ steadily increased in numbers and influ-
ence as the war went on, until its representation in parliament became
numerous enough to refuse further supplies for carrying on the war.

Dr. Witherspoon, himself one of the leaders in the patriot cause and
interested in the welfare of the Ryegate settlers, set before them, not
alone by letters, but by personal visits and addresses, the advantages of
independence.

There can be but little doubt but that the views of our colonists
fresh from Great Britain, with personal knowledge of the evils of the
administration of George III, had their influence with their American
neighbors. The latter held their Scotch compatriots in high esteem, and
the Bayley and Johnson papers preserved at Newbury, record the confi-
dence which was felt in the judgment and experience of Col. Alexander
Harvey of Barnet. So far as our information extends, there was not a
tory among the Scotch settlers of either town.

The old colonial laws required military duty of all able bodied men.
Accordingly Mr. Whitelaw tells us that "on the 14th of May, 1776, the

80 HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VERMONT.

inhabitants met in order to choose military officers, and chose James
Henderson, captain; Robert Brock, lieutenant, and Bartholemew Somers,
ensign."

No roll of this company has come to light, but it probably included
some non-residents who were at work there, clearing land. In May,
1775, a company of minute-men was formed at Newbury, and the muster-
roll includes several men who lived in the east part of Barnet, but none
from R3-egate, so we may conclude that there were men enough in the
town to form a company, but how the}' were armed we are not informed.
In Bath the first military company mustered only a few guns, and most
of the men carried cornstalks at drill, to deceive the Indians, and that
at all times the enemy was near, and lurking in the woods, few doubted.
But the colonists were almost without means of defense. Col. Harvey
wrote to General Bayley urging that if it were possible, some powder
and flints should be sent the settlers in Barnet, as he doubted if there was
a pound of powder in the town. A few weeks later, he gratefully
acknowledged the receipt of two pounds of powder and fifty flints from
the Newbur}^ stock.

The whole northern country was in a state of anxious suspense dur-
ing the spring of 1776, rumors of invasion increased, and the defeat of
the arm}- in Canada rendered the position of the Coos country very
hazardous. On the 18th of June, St. Johns was retaken by the British,
and on the 24'th of June the Committees of Safety from all the towns in
the valley inet at General Bayley's house in Newbury to concert measures
for the safety of the country. It was decided to send messengers to warn
all the settlers along the frontier. Mr. Whitelaw tells the result in
Ryegate, thus:

"On the first of July, upon the alarm coming of St. Johns being
retaken by the Regulars, and that Indians would be sent through to lay
waste the country, all the people of Ryegate moved down to Newbury,
where they had more company and foolishly thought there was less
danger, but after staying there about ten days, and seeing no appearance
of danger, they all returned to their respective homes."

William Neilson was the only one of the colonists who stood his
ground. Mr. Mason says that he was returning from Newbury, with
a bag of meal on his back, when he met the Ryegate and Barnet people
as they were going down the hill north of Wells River, men, women and
children. He accompanied his family to Newbury, where he spent one
night, and then declaring that he had "not come all the way from
Scotland to be driven ofl"his land," returned to his cabin. The afternoon
was spent in concealing his valuables — hiding his silver, it is said, under
hills of potatoes— he barricaded his cabin, loaded his pistols, and went to
bed, expecting to be aroused by the attack of the Indians. The sun was

RYEGATE IN THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 81

an liour hicrh when he awoke, the morning was beautiful, and no appear-
ance of the savage enemy was to be seen. Neilson remained alone in his
cabin till the people returned from Newbury, but afterwards declared
that the suspense, with no one within man}' miles, in momentary
expectation of attack, was an experience which he would never repeat.

As a matter of fact, a small number of Canadians followed the trail
to the borders of Peacham, but ventui'ed no further. The tories, of
whom there were numbers in Haverhill and Newbury, seized the occasion
to create a panic.

The 3'ear 1777 was one of anxiety and stress to the colonies, as the
government of Great Britain had devised plans, whose execution was
expected to crush the insurrection in America, in one decisive campaign.
An army was assembled in Canada, which was intended to advance by
way of Lake Champlain to Hudson river, and form a junction with the
forces of General Clinton, which were to ascend the river from New York,
and thus sever New England from the middle colonies. It was known all
over the country that great preparations were going on in Canada, and
all the Committees of Safety were engaged in raising forces to oppose
them, but it was not known what direction such an invasion was to
take.

It was the opinion of General Baylej^ and others, who were intrusted
with the defense of the northern frontier, that the British would invade
the country in two divisions, one of which would descend the Connecticut
valle}', and thus the settlements in the Coos Country would be the first to
be exposed to the ravages of war. In that case, our Ryegate colonists,
being an outpost, were in great danger.

That this fear was not without foundation is shown by General
Burgoyne's testimony before the committee of the House of Commons
upon the conduct of the war in America, that if he had not been strictly
bound by his orders to invade the country with his entire army by way
of Lake Champlain, he would have detached a large force in this direc-
tion, and thus divide the militia sent to oppose him, and at the same
time secure supplies in the thriving settlements of the Connecticut valle3\

The alarm of war was early heard, and on the 22d of February, says
the journal of Col. Frye Bayley, an express came from General Schuyler,
to " take every fifth man in the militia to go toTiconderoga and re-inforce
the garrison." All the militia in the region assembled on the 24th, at the
inn of Col. Robert Johnston, a building still standing at the south end
of Newbury village. On the 26th the men set out. No record of their
names is preserved, and we do not kno\v whether any Ryegate men
were among them, or any who afterward settled here. Neither do we
know how long they were absent, or in what particular service they
were engaged.

82 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

In the month of June the army of General Burgoyne passed over
the entire length of Lake Champlain, a magnificent sight, and on the
29th encamped before Fort Ticonderoga, which was evacuated on the
6th of July. The invading army consisted of 8000 British and German
troops, beside Canadian militia and Indians. At that place he issued a
proclamation, promising rewards to those who joined his army, protec-
tion to those who remained quiet, and extermination to those who
resisted. He also threatened to unloose all the northern Indians upon
the settlements. Many of the savages joined his arm)' but he could not
control them, and their outrages roused the country to resistance.

But it took time to gather the militia, and secure supplies for their
maintenance in a new country, while in the meantime Burgoyne made
his way unchecked to the Hudson, which he reached on the 29th of July,
and expected to form, in a few daj's, a junction with Clinton. He had
been led to believe that the setlements in the region now called Vermont,
abounded with men who were at least loyal to the British cause, and
who only waited for protection to join the army. He was also in need
of horses, and of supplies for the army, and conceived the idea of send-
ing a detachment of his force eastward to Arlington and Manchester,
and, if circumstances permitted, across the mountains to Connecticut
River, from which place the)'- were to return by the great road to Albany.
This detachment was to be under the command of Colonel Frederick
Baume, a veteran German officer.

Among the valuable Johnson papers, owned by the Tenney Memorial
Librar}' at Nev^bury, is one which is believed to be, by its internal evi-
dence, Burgoyne's amended draft, in his own handwriting, of his instruc-
tions to Col. Baume. This unique document, whose historic value had
escaped notice, is, by special vote of the library trustees, permitted to be
printed, for the first time, in this volume.

Instructions For Lt. Col. Baume.

The Object of your Expedition is to try the Affections of the Country, to Dis-
concerte the Councils of the Enemy, to mount the Riedesel Dragoons, to complete
Peters' Corps, and to obtain large suppHes of Cattle, Horses and- Carriages.
The several Corps, of which the enclos'd is a list, are to be under your Command:
the Troops must take no Tents, and what little baggage is carried by the officers
must be on their own Bat-Horses. You are to procede from Batenkill to ArHng-
ton and take Post there till the Detatchments of the Provincials under the Com-
mand of Capt. Sherwood shall join you from the Southward.

Note. Col Robert Johnston of Newbury, and his brother, Col. Charles John-
ston of Haverhill, were among the most prominent men in this part of the country
during the revolutionary war. Of the former's daughters, one married Gen. James
Whitelaw, another, John Scott of Ryegate and Newbury, a third married William
Tice of Barnet, another was the grandmother of the late Gov. C. J. Bell, of
Walden. a fifth daughter married Jonas Tucker of Newbury. His sons were
also prominent men.

RYEGATE IN THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 83

Again : you are then to procede to Manchester where you will take Post, so
as to secure the Pass of the Mountains on the Road from Manchester to Rocking-
ham. From hence you will Detach the Endians and Light Troops to the North-
ward toward Otter Creek on their Return, and Receiving Intelligence that no
Enemy is in force upon Connecticut River. You will procede by the Road over
the Mountains to Rockingham where you will take Post : this will be the most
Distant part of the Expedition, [and must be proceded upon with Caution, as
you will have the Defile of the Mountains behind you which might make a Retreat
Difficult.] You must therefore endeavour to be well informed of the force of the
Enemy's Militia in the Neighbouring Country. [Should you find it may with
Prudence be Affected] you are to remain there [while the Endians and Light
Troops are Detatch'd up the River] and you are afterw^ard to Descend the River
to Brattleborough and from that place by the Quickest March you are to return
by the Great Road to Albany. During your whole Progress your Detatchments
are to have Orders to bring in all Horses fit to mount the Dragoons under your
Command, or to serve as * Bat-Horses to your Troops, together with as many
Saddles and Bridles as can be procured. [The Number of Horses with those
necessary for mounting the regt. of the Dragoons ought to be thirteen hundred.
If you can bring more for the use of the Army it w^ill be so much the better] .
Your parties are Likewise to bring in Wagons and other convenient Carriages
with as many Draught Oxen as will be necessary to draw them and all Cattle fit
for slaughter, milch Cows only excepted, which are to be left for the use of the
Inhabitants.

Regular Receipts in the Form here-to subjoined are to be given in places where
any of the above-mentioned articles are taken — to such Persons as have remained
quiet in their Habitations and otherv^rise complied w^ith the Terms of General
Burgoyne's manifesto, but no Receipts to be given to those who are known to be
Active in the service of the Rebels [as you w^ill have with you Persons perfectly
acquainted with the Abilities of the Country.] It may perhaps be Advisable to
take those several Districts with the Portions of the several Articles and Limit
the Horses for the delivery.

And should you find it Necessary to move before such Delivery can be made.
Hostages of the Most Respectable People should be taken to secure the Follow-
ing the next day.

All possible means are to be used to prevent Plundering as it is probable that
Capt. Sherwood, who is already detatched to the Several and will join you at
Arlington will drive in a Considerable Quantity of Cattle and Horses to you and
you will therefore send in these Cattle to the Army with a proper Detatchment
from Peter's Corps in Order to Disencumber Yourselves, but you must always
keep the Regiment of Dragoons compact. The Dragoons must themselves ride
and take care of the Horses of the Regiment. The Horses destined for the use of
the Army must be tied together in strings of ten each in order that one man may
lead ten horses. You will give the unarmed men of Peter's Corps to conduct
them, and any inhabitants whom you can trust. You must always keep your
Camps in Good Provision, but at the same time where there is Pasture you
must have a Chain of Sentinels around your Cattle where Grazing. Col. Skeene
will be with you as much as possible to help you to Distinguish the Good Sub-
jects from the Bad — to procure the best intelligence of the Enemy and choose
those People who are to bring me the Accounts of your Progress and Success.

Bat-Horse, i. e., Pack Horse.

84 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

When you find it Necessary to halt a Day or Two you will always Intrench
the Camp of the Regiment of Dragoons in Order to Resist an Attack or Affront
from the Enemy. [As you will return with the Regiment of Dragoons mounted
you must always have a detatchment of Peter's or Eraser's Corps in front of
the Coktmn, the same as in the Rear in order to prevent your falling into an
Ambuscade when you march through the Woods.] You will use all possible
means to make the Country believe that the Troops under your Command are
the advance Corps of the Army and that it is to pass to Connecticut on the Road
to Boston. You will likewise insinuate that the main army from Albany is to be
Joined at Springfield by the Corps of Troops from Rhodeisland.

It is highly probable that the Corps under Mr. Warner, now supposed to be
at Manchester, will Retreat before you — but should they contrary to Expectation
be able to Collect in great force and post themselves Advantageously, it is left to
your Discretion to Attack them or not.

Always bearing in mind that your Corps is too Valuable to let any considera-
ble loss be Hazarded on this Occasion. Should any Corps be moved from Mr.
Arnold's main Army to intercept your Retreat, you are to take as strong a Post
as the Countr}^ will afford. And send the quickest intelligence to me, and you
may depend on my making such Movements as shall put the Enemy Between
two Fire's or otherwise sustain you.

It is iinagined that the Progress of the whole Expedition may be effected in
about a fortnight. But every Movement of it Depends on your Success in or
obtaining such supplies of Provision as will enable you to subsist on your return
to the Army in case you cannot get any more. [& should not the Army reach
Albany Before your Expedition shall be completed, I w^ill find some wa3' to
send you notice of it, and give your Route another Direction.]

All Persons acting in Committees, or any Officers acting in or under the
Direction of the Congress, either Civil or Military are to be made Prisoners.

I heartily wish you Success.

I am Sir your Most Obedient Humble Servant,
Jn. Burgoyne, Co. Gen'l.
Headquarters Near Saratoga.
Augst. 7th, 1777.

Comparison of this remarkable paper with other copies of Bur-
g03aie's orders to Col. Baume, reveals some interesting facts. A volume
printed in London, in 1780, entitled the "State of the Expedition from
Canada, by J. Burgoyne," and giving not only Burgoyne's testimony
before the committee of the House of Commons, but copies of his letters
and orders, gives, in parallel columns, his first draft of instructions, and
in the other the amendments and additions to this first draft. In the
letter, as we give it here, it is precisely as there printed, and the amend-
ments to the original draft are here indicated b}' parentheses. In the
volume of 1780, the spelling is corrected, and the use of capitals conforms
to the ordinary usage. In this volume the last sentence, beginning in the
copy we have given, "All persons acting," etc., is wanting, as well as the
address and signature. In the second volume of the collections of the
Massachusetts Historical Society, 1793, is given the " Original Orders of
Genera) Burgoyne to Colonel Baume," "from the original presented to the

RYEGATE IN THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 85

Society by General Lincoln." It differs here and there from the Newbury
cop3', and is signed "J. Burgoyne, Lt.-Gen'l., Head Q'rs., Aug. 9, 1777."
In the N. H. State Papers, Vol. VIII., pp. 664-666, a fourth cop}^ is given,
which differs slightly from either of the others, and Dr. Bouton, the
editor, sa3's that the headquarters were at Fort Edward. He does not
state where he obtained his cop\'. The one owned by the librarv at
Nevv^bur}', and bound in the volume of the military papers of Colonel
Thomas Johnson, is certainly a rare and valuable historical document.

Had these original orders been carried out, and had Baume been
properly supported, the entire Connecticut valley, from the Coos Country
southward, might have been over-run. But when the troops, under Col.
Baume, reached Battenkill, on the 12th of August, Gen. Burgoyne, by new
orders, instructed him to proceed directly to Bennington, and capture the
magazine of militar3^ stores at that place.

These later orders led to his complete overthrow, and, in the sequel,
to that of Burgoyne himself

In August a compan}'- under the command of Capt. Thomas Johnson
left Newbury for Lake Champlain and distinguished itself in the siege of
Mount Independence, later being sent to guard the prisoners taken there,
across the state to Charlestown, N. H. Their muster roll is also lost,
but it is not unlikely that one or two Ryegate men were in it.

On the 6th of October, a company of forty-one men under command
of Capt. Frye Bayley, left Newbury for the seat of war. In this com-
pany Bartholemew Somers of Rj^egate was a corporal, David Reid,
John and James Orr, also of R^-egate were privates, as were John Mc-
Laren and Duncan McLain of Barnet. Andrew Brock had been drafted,
but for some reason could not go, and David Reid volunteered to go in
his place. This companj^ arrived at Saratoga too late to participate in
battle, but was able to render very effective service by means of an
exploit which has not received the notice which it deserved. The par-
ticulars of this affair are as narrated b}' Capt. (afterwards Colonel) Frye
Bayle}' in his old age.

The compan}' which was five days on the march, had nearK' reached
Hudson river late in the afternoon of the last day and were making
preparations to camp for the niglit, when a messenger on horse back
came to inform Bayley that a number of boats loaded with provisions
for the enem\' were coming down the river, and that there was no force at
hand to stop tliem, urging him to come with liis compan\^ and attempt
their capture. They were supplies of food wliich had been collected at
very high prices and were intended to relieve the desperate situation in
which Burgoyne had found himself.

Captain Bayley and his small force had barely reached the bank of
the Hudson when the}' saw the boats approaching at some distance.

86 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

fifteen in number, each heavily loaded, and with no more men than were
needed to navigate them. They went down on the further side of the
river, out of musket range, and all passed out of sight, Bayley having
neither bridge or boats to reach the opposite shore. While the men were
debating what to do, a scout who had been sent down the river, returned
with the intelligence that the boats had been moored to the further bank,
under overhanging trees, about a mile below. It was now dark and
Bayle}^ called his men together, and in low tones laid before them the
importance of securing the boats and their contents, and acquainted
them with his plan for their capture. He called for two men to volun-
teer to swim the river, reconnoiter the situation, and if possible, secure
one of the boats. Bartholemew Somers of Ryegate and a man from New
Hampshire volunteered for the dangerous service, and the whole company
proceeded down the river bank till they came opposite the place where the
boats were concealed. The captain directed the two men to tie their
clothes to the back of their necks, and make their way as well as they
could in the darkness to the other shore. The water was very cold, but
the men reached the spot in safety and found that all the boats were tied
to trees along the bank and that the men in charge of them, suspecting
no danger, had gone to a sheltered place at a little distance, where they
had kindled a fire, and were cooking their suppers, leaving only a few
men to look after the boats. Somers and his cormpanion cut one of the
boats loose, and noiselessly re-crossed the river to the place where Bayley
and his men waited under the trees. The boat was unloaded, and as
many men as could get into it were rowed stealthily across the river.
Bayley having given directions in whispers part of the men formed a
guard, and the rest secured the boats, the men who were left in charge
having fled, and was successful in bringing them safely to the other
shore. The men who had been in charge of them were taken by surprise,
and ignorant in the darkness, of the number and position of their assail-
ants, made no attempt at resistance.

The success of this daring adventure was a heavy misfortune to Gen-
eral Burgoyne, and hastened his inevitable capitulation. The circum-
stance of the capture of the boats is mentioned by several historians as
one of many brave deeds of that campaign.

Mr. Mason sa^-s that some years after the war an attempt was made
to find and reward the men who had thus hazarded their lives, but they
were not to be found. Somers had removed to Barnet, and either did
not learn of the search which was being made for him, or did not value
his service as he might have done. The name of his companion is not
preserved.

The delay occasioned by this adventure prevented the company from
reaching the army in time to be of service, as preparations for the capitu-

BLl'E MOUNTAIN AND KESIDKNCE OF CEOKCK COCHKAN.

BLUE MUUNI AIN AND KESIDKNCE OF A. E. HALE

^W YORK

RYEGATE IN THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 87

lation were being made. After the surrender most of the men, believing
that their services were no longer needed, without waiting for a formal
discharge, started for home, all the Ryegate and Barnet men were among
them. This company was attached to Col. Peter Olcott's regiment, was
in service one month and four days, traveling 270 miles.

The adventure herein related, while of great service, was not so
hazardous as that of Ephraim Webster of Newbury, and Richard Wallace
of Thetford, who swam across Lake Champlain about a month earlier,
with dispatches for General Lincoln.

Ryegate thus adds the narrative of the brave deed of one of its
residents to the innumerable number of anecdotes relating to the march
and surrender of General John Burgoyne in the great battle year, 1777.

The exigencies of the time required the building of a blockhouse in
Ryegate for the protection of its inhabitants, which stood, according to
the best information we have, on the farm now called "Fairview,"
between W. T. McLam's and the corner of the road west of it. It does
not appear to have been used often for defense, but was occupied by a
family, and the settlers could resort to it in case of alarm. It is not
certain whether it was built by the inhabitants for their own protection,
or by the troops, or as one of a chain of block houses along the Hazen
Road. It remained several.years after the war, and families lived in it.

The blockhouse of those days weLs a rude structure of logs, squared
and pinned at the corners, and, perhaps, pinned along their length, in one
or two places. It had one strong door, and a small window. One log
all around, about breast or shoulder high from the floor, would be cut in
pieces and pinned to those above and under it. These cuts were the port-
holes, and on the outside mere narrow upright slits across one log, just
Avide enough to admit the muzzle of a rifle, but inside the log would be
cut awa}' so as to leave the rifleman space to swing his rifle or musket a
foot or two to the right or left. There were several such loop-holes on
each side of the building, and its upper stor^' projected over the lower one
a foot or two to enable the inmates to fire down upon any persons who
should trv to set the house on fire.

Note. Captain (afterwards Colonel), Frye Ba3-ley was a nephew of Gen.
Jacob Bayley, and a grantee of Newbury, where he settled in 1763. This farm
was the north end of Cow Meadow, and his house, in which Mr. Learned Hves, is
one of the oldest in that town. He was with the army in Canada, and a valuable
fragment of his journal during the retreat, is owned by the Tenney Memorial
Library. In December, 1777, he was sent to Canada to negotiate for the release
of prisoners, where he was thrown into prison, and remained a year. He was
also in other important services. He was very prominent in Newbury, but being
appointed sheriff of the county, he removed to Chelsea, where he died in 1827, and
is Ijuried at Newbury. His family is extinct in this vicinity. Two of his sons
were educated at Dartmouth college, and settled in Maryland, where one became
an Episcopal clergyman, and has descendants.

88 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

A blockhouse at Newbury, which stood on the ridge north of the
cemetery at the Oxbow, and large enough to shelter one or two compan-
ies of troops, was a much more formidable structure and was surrounded
b}^ a ditch, which ma}' be still traced. Several frame houses still standing"
in this region were surrounded b}' a stockade, which was made by stand-
ing posts ten or twelve feet high close together around the house at some
distance, thus enclosing the house and yard. Entrance was had by a
strong gate, firmly secured. The house at North Haverhill, where W. F.
Eastman lives, the older part of the one at Haverhill Corner called the
"old Johnston house," in which the late Mr. Tarleton long lived, and
that of Col. Robert Johnston, now a barn at the south end of Newbury
village were protected in this wa^^

But most of the settlers went through the war with no other protec-
tion than their own stout hearts and trust}' muskets. They came of a
race bred to war and its alarms, and were not going to leave what had
cost them so much toil and privation. In those days every man kept a
loaded gun within reach at night and carried it to the field with him, and
in times of special danger, no man ventured far from home alone, while
the women and children were equally brave. Except by some slight
depredations bv Indians and tories, no harm came to Ryegate people
during the whole war.

In 1780 and 1781, requisitions were made upon all the towns for
supplies of flour and beef for the army, and in 1782 the town voted
"that the flour paid toward last 3'ears provision be proportioned to the
list."

At a special town meeting held at the home of William Johnson, Nov.
7, 1783, it was voted "That Josiah Page, William Neilson, Andrew
Brock and James Whitelaw be a committee to draw up a petition to send
to the General Assembly to see if they ^vill forgive them their arrearages
of provision and soldiers hire." Their petition set forth their situation
and poverty, and the fact that thev were remote from the scene of actual
war, and new to the country. Their petition was granted.

An incident related to the editor of this volume b}' Miss Sally Bayley
of Newbury man}' years ago is worthy of mention. Near the end of the
war, some men were hunting among the hills in the north part of the
latter town, returned in haste, and reported that heavy smokes were
rising from Rvegate, and they had heard the firing of guns and loud
shouting. All the men who could be got together on the moment started
for the relief of their Scotch neighbors, supposing that the place had been
attacked bv the Indians, as Royalton had lately been. They were at
once relieved and amused to find that the alarm was caused by men who
were clearing land, piling and burning the trees, and urging on their
oxen.

CHAPTER XI.
The Early Days.

Contemporary Events. —First Town Meetings.— First Marriages.— First
Roads.— Early Tax Lists.— Sheep Raising.— Log Houses.— Correspondence.
—Scarcity of Money.— Standard of Value.— Variation in Value of Bank
Notes.— The' Town Pound.— Anecdotes.

A GREAT deal of history has been made since 1773, the 3'ear when
the Scotch American Company entered upon their possession of
Ryegate, and we have onh^ to glance at contemporary events to
realize how far the world has moved since that da3^ It seems an ancient
date, that far awa^' year, 3'et, as this chapter goes to press there are
several living who can remember Gen. James Whitelaw, William Neilson,
and others of the first settlers of the town very well. Mr. Neilson was
born in 1742, and in the vears which have passed since that date, much
of what we call modern history has been made. Yet the space of two
lives comprehends it all.

In 1773, George the Third was King of Great Britain; a dull, stub-
born man, who would never have been heard of outside his native parish,
had he been born a peasant At that time, upon an estate over which
James Whitelaw and David Allan must have crossed on their journey
along the south bank of the Potomac, lived a retired colonel of Virginia
militia, destined a few ^-ears later, to give King George a great deal of
trouble. The Boston Tea Part}' took place during the month in which
the coinmissioners received their bond of sale from John Church, and the
battle of Lexington was only fourteen months in the future.

At that date, in the American colonies, there was a public conve\'ance
only between a few of the largest towns, and, twenty years later, there
were but seventy-five post offices in the United States. In 1773, there
was not a bank in North America, and a ship which crossed the ocean
in six weeks was said to have had a quick passage. In that year Ben-
jamin Franklin was pleading the cause of the American colonies before
the House of Commons; Louis XV was nearing the close of his wicked
reign; and in the island of Corsica a boy named Napoleon Bonaparte
was learning to read. In Scotland, Adam Smith was preparing "An
Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations," and at
London Edward Gibbon was writing the" Decline and Fall of the Roman
Empire.'" Somehow we seem to think of Robert Burns as fur centuries

90 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

the poet of Scotland, yet Rj'egate had been settled thirteen years when
he published his first volume of poems. At Edinburgh, in 1773, lived a
little lame boy named Walter Scott, who was one day to eclipse all Scot-
tish fame except that of Burns himself. The steam engine was hardly
more than an experiment, and only a few years before Franklin had
demonstrated that lightning and electricity are the same. It is well to
consider what has been accomplished in the world since people from
Scotland began to clear land, and build log cabins in Ryegate.

Had Mr. Miller been spared to complete his work, the memorials of
the earlier days would have been enriched by the reminiscences of the
people who were old when he was young. But he committed only a few
of them to writing, and we are compelled to use the scanty details of the
early days, which have come dowai to us, as best we can. The town and
company records supply us with an outline which we may complete in a
measure. The first town meeting is thus mentioned by Mr. Whitelaw:

On the third Tuesday in May [1776] being appointed for the yearly
town meeting for choosing the necessary officers for the town, John Gray
and James Whitelaw were chosen assessors; Andrew Brock, treasurer;
Robert Tweedale and John Orr, overseers of the highway; John Scot,
collector, and Archibald Taylor, James Smith, William Neilson and David
Reid, constables.

The fathers of the infant colony seem to have discharged their duties
satisfactorily, as, when a year later, the "inhabitants of the town of
Ryegate in the County ol Gloucester and Province of New York," met in
annual meeting, "the same persons who were chosen last year, both for
civil and military officers, were unanimously re-chosen for another year."
Such approval of public service has not often been given.

A few weeks later we catch a glimpse (one of the last), of the "city"
which the Company in Scotland had planned as the center and crowning
feature of this new colony in North America.

Thursday, June 12, [1777], all the inhabitants met in order to choose
their house lots in the town spot, when Walter Brock made choice of lot
No. 357 ; James Orr of No. 356 ; Robert Orr of No 355 for himself and
Nos. 353 and 354 for William Blackwood; John Gray of No. 319 for
himself, and No. 320 tor John Barr; John Wilson of Nos. 2. 3, 4, 321,
322, 323; John Scot of Nos. 276, 277, 278; Andrew Brock of Nos. 349-
352; Robert Brock of Nos. 75-78; Alexander Sym of Nos. 347, 348;
John Shaw of Nos. 196, 197, for himself, and Nos. 198-201 for WilUam
Warden ; and Nos. 202-205 for James Laird ; James Neilson of No. 273,
274; William Neilson of Nos. 265, 272; Patrick Lang of Nos. 260-263;
and for Wilham Craig, 264, 291-293; David Reid of Nos. 289, 290;
James Smith of Nos. 286-288 for himself and 285 for John Gray ; Robert
Tweedale of Nos. 281-284; Hugh Gammel of Nos, 279, 280 for his
father; Archibald Taylor of No. 206; James Whitelaw of Nos. 207-210;
James Henderson of Nos. 211-213, and John Waddel of 214.— [White-
law's Journal.

THE EARLY DAYS. 91

Wars and rumors of wars, hard work, and the rigors of winter in a
new country, did not prevent the festivities of a wedding, as Mr. White-
law says:

."On the 9th of January, 1777, James Henderson was married to
Agnes Sym, and on the 17th of the same month Robert Brock was
married to EHzabeth Stewart, which were the first two marriages which
ever was in Ryegate."

Mr. Mason says that at the former wedding, all the colonists attend-
ed the young couple to their new home, "with great joj'fulness." The
name of the officiating clergman or magistrate is not preserved, but as
the oldest child of the Hendersons was baptized by Rev. Peter Powers,
he probably performed the ceremony, and, perhaps, the other also.

Agnes Sym, [Symes] must have been a very capable young woman,
if we may judge from certain entries in the Company's book, wherein
she is credited with the sum of £13, 17, 3, for reaping, washing, ironing,
mending, making, and the exercise of other accomplishments proper to a
fashionable young lady of her times. In the same book she is charged
with "sundrie goods brought from Newburyport," £5,1,6; to "ribbons,
pins, and gauze" ^%. "Towards a wheel (not a bicycle)" 10s, "tea
dishes" %; plates, mugs, candlesticks, snuffers, and other accessories
for housekeeping.

In 1783 the town voted :

That John Dodge and associates should be prosecuted for cutting
timber -on the public lands, and that Andrew Brock and William Neilson
should grant a Power of Attorney to Moses Dow, Esq., of Haverhill, for
that purpose.

Then first the town got into law, but not for the last time. In 1787,
the legislature, sitting at Newbury, passed a law requiring the record by
the town clerk of all transfers of real estate, and the town voted to pur-
chase a book containing eight quires of paper, for that purpose. In that
year 29 persons paid poll tax.

In 1794 the town voted :

That there shall be a sign post and a pair of stocks erected in this
town, at the town's expense, as soon as possible, to be set in the most
convenient place near the crossing of the road at Andrew Brock's house,
and appointed Andrew Brock and Alexander Miller a committee to set
them up.

Previous to 1784', the only public road in Ryegate was the one from
Wells River village to Barnet line — the Hazen road ; and all the earlier
roads branched from it. The first to be laid out by the town, and thus
made a public highway, was the one running east from the Corner,
"from Andrew Brock's to Mr. Sym's," and the town "voted 5 Pounds
for the benefit of the roads, to be levied on the polls and ratable estate."
In 1787, a committee was appointed to lay out and survey a road from

92 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Elihu Johnson's to the division line, north of WiUiam Neilson's land."
In 1794, a road was surveyed from Robert Brock's mills to Groton line.
Mr. Miller believes this to have been laid entirely on the north side of the
river, some sections of w^hich are now^ disused.

In 1797, the "Old West Road," from the Corner to Groton line, was
laid out and accepted. Much of this, also, has been altered. The date of
the acceptance of a road by the town gives no clue to the time when it
began to be travelled, but fixes the date when the town began to be
responsible for its maintenance.

As we have already stated, the Hazen road, a work of great value to
the settler, was passable for carts. But the earliest roads were very
much like our winter logging roads, and only passable with teams in
winter. People rode on horseback, two on a horse, a man and wife, the
latter riding behind. Rev. Clark Perry states that the first wheeled
carriage was brought into Newbur}^, about 1783, by a minister who
came to preach. The first chaise was not owned in that town till after
1790.

Rev. David Sutherland says that there were no carriages of any kind
in Bath till several years after his settlement there in 1804. Miss Mehet-
able Barron of Bradford, who afterward became Mrs. Robert Whitelaw,
told Rev. Dr. McKeen that she was the first woman who ever rode from
Newbury street to Ryegate in a chaise. She was in companj'- with Mr.,
afterwards Judge Noble, of Tinmouth, and their carriage attracted as
much attention as would an elephant passing along. This must have
been before her marriage to Mr. Whitelaw, in 1804. The first four-
wheeled wagon was brought to Bath in 1811.

When we talk about the conditions of those early days, we are
obliged to remember that most of our labor-saving conveniences were
wholly unknown. The tools with which the people v^orked their land
were clumsy and heavy. Even so common a thing as the traverse sled
did not come into use till after 1825. Scores of useful articles of metal,
which can be bought for a few pennies, were then costly, or not to be
had at any price. Our modern means of instant communication were
wholly unknown.

It must be remembered, however, that in those days there were large
families, and many hands to do the work. Every child, however small,
had its task. When a man had a heavy job to do in a short time, his
neighbors turned out to help him, and in sickness or trouble, no man
asked help in vain. There was a mutual spirit of helpfulness, which
sprang from the common needs of all, a kindly interest and solicitude,
which in our more artificial state of society, only partly exists.

The "list of polls and ratable estate," is first given in 1784, and the
amount is £604. 05, which two years later, had increased to £708. In

THE EARLY DAYS. 93

1787, we have the first list where the name of each tax payer, and the
items of taxable propert}' were given. There were 26 individual lists.
William Neilson was the largest taxpayer, with an appraisement of £91,
and next him came Andrew Brock with £57, and Josiah Page with £50.
Two years later the items are expanded to give the number of acres
of cleared and uncleared land held by each, the number of horses, cows,
oxen, and other cattle; the amount of wool raised, and the number of
yards of tow or linen cloth manufactured on the premises. William
Neilson had 46 acres of cleared land, and next him came James Whitelaw
with 30 acres, while of wild land the former owned 654< and Andrew
Brock 512 acres. Twenty horses were owned, and 24' pairs of oxen. The
number of sheep is not given, but 707 lbs. of wool were returned, and
2325 yards of tow or linen cloth. The domestic manufacture of this
latter staple, and consequently the raising of flax was a prominent
industry in Ryegate from an early day, although the lists do not give the
amount produced in any other year. This industry has been discon-
tinued so long that few are living who remember how it was con-
ducted, and the "flax-brake," the "hetchel," the " swingle," the "bi:ck-
ing-tub,'' the "clock-reel," and the "little wheel," where preserved, are
objects of curious interest, of whose manner of operation the present
generation has only a vague idea. But, a century ago, they were in
constant use on every farm, and the Scotch colonists of Ryegate brought
over with them a few ideas in the linen industry, which caused the linen
cloth made by them to be considered a superior article, alwa_vs in
demand at a good price.

The raising of sheep was exposed to the rapacity of wolves and bears.
These wild animals prowled around the clearings and cattle and sheep
had to be kept in at night. Rev. J. M. Beattie, in an historical sketch of
the town for Miss Hemen way's Gazetteer, states that in the summer of
1778, Mrs. John Gray saw a bear carrying off a sheep. She followed the
trail, and came suddenly upon the bear, when she screamed with terror
at which sound the bear, terrified in his turn, dropped his pre\% and
betook himself to flight, and Mrs. Gra}', taking the sheep on her shoul-
ders, returned home in triumph. A curious fact preserved in the Johnson
papers at Newbury, is that in the spring of 1778, Col. Johnson let John
Gray of Ryegate have four likeh' sheep, and was to share their wool and
increase.

It will be borne in mind that most of the colonists v\'ere young men
with only their own hands to depend upon; that money was very scarce,
and they were obliged to resort to almost any means to start a flock.
In an old account book of Col. Frye Ba\dey's, preserved in the library at
Newbury, is the following, which we insert to show how people began
their flocks.

94 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Newbury, Aug. 11, 1789,
This day agreed with John Petty of Ryegate to let him six Ewe sheep
to be returned in three years from this date, and to receive from him one
pound of well washed wool per year for each sheep, and one third part of
their increase, also three wether sheep for which the said Petty is to give
one pound and one quarter of wool each per year.

The food of the first settlers was plentiful, although till they had
cleared land and raised grain they had to depend upon supplies from
Newbury, where corn and wheat were plenty. The meat of domestic
cattle was seldom tasted in Ryegate in the first years, as all the cattle
were young, and were kept for their work or their increase. But game
was plentiful in the woods, and fish abounded in the brooks and ponds.
Mary, daughter of Col. Timothy Bedel of Haverhill, who first settled
in Bath, and lived there till about 1774, stated in some reminiscences
written in her old age, that when they lived in Bath, about two miles
below the present site of Lisbon village, they could, at any time, catch all
the salmon they wanted out of the Ammonoosuc.

The first dwellings were built of logs, and there were log houses still
occupied as late as 1865. A log house could be put together with
scarcely any use of metal, and where iron was so hard to be had, and
money so scarce, it was necessary to get along with as few nails as
possible. The floors were made of split pieces, or logs hewed on one side,
and worn smooth by constant use. The door hinges were of wood, and
the latches also. A string, or strip of leather, attached to the latch,
passed through a hole above it, by pulling which the latch was lifted
from the outside. The door was made fast by the simple process of pull-
ing in the string. Hence arose the saying, as an emblem of hospitality —
" his latch-string was always out ! "

A log house is frequently alluded to in these days as a comfortless
sort of habititation, but there were old people fifty years ago who were
wont to say, in their prosperous after life, that they were never so happy
as when they "lived in the old log house."

Everything made of metal was costl}', as iron had to be brought from
a distance, and all articles made from it were wrought by hand. The
Company's book shows that in 1774, 1 M. of 20^^ nails cost £2.1.71/4,
and 1 M. of 10*^ nails £1.8. Nails were then made by hand, and for
many j'ears afterwards.

The solicitude felt by the people at the old home in Scotland for the
R^'egate colonists is best illustrated by the following extract from a
letter b}^ William Houston to Mr. Whitelaw dated at Renfrew, May 4,.
1783.*

* Whitelaw papers.

THE EARLY DAYS. 95

In the first place you and us have been for a long time in a state of
Annihilation to one another, through the means of a long and unprofita-
ble war. But thank God for it, it is over now, and Peace, that Blessing to
mankind, is again restored. However, by our long war the country has
suffered much, for through its means we have got an amazing increase of
debt, and consequently of taxes, all which is attended with a decrease of
trade, for except the silk trade in Paisley, almost every business is at
much of a stand-still.

We earnestly wish 3'ou may find opportunity of letting us know how
matters are going with you— if the lands of Ryegate are answering your
expectations in any tolerable degree,— if the people are healthy, and
what deaths have happened among our acquaintances— if you were
molested or suffered much by the war. And chiefly if a report be true
that we have amongst us, viz.: that Vermont, in which it is said R^-egate
is included, is declared by Congress to be a free and independent state,
and it is also told that you are an Assembl^'man of that Sovereignty?

We will be glad to know if your new code of laws be yet settled, and
if it be on equitable and liberal principles, such as tend to the security and
satisfaction of the people. If people from this country will be acceptable
among the American states. If lands about you are rising in value as
we think presumable now that America has become independent they will
rise. If you sow any Barley yet, and if there be any malting or distil-
ling done, or prospect that a demand for it may take place.

We hope that in a short time you will have more settlers in Ryegate for
this end to the war has been long wished for by the common people here,
who have been long confined, and greatlv against the oppressive Meas-
ures which have been carried on, against their interest in almost every
respect, and they have added to all our other calamities that of dear
Markets, the last season being very backward, and provisions of all
sorts exceedingly high. Lands are not much fallen in rents here yet, but
if some stop be not put to emigration, farms may not again be so scarce,
so many begin to think of selling off, and half the people here would go
to America had they the money to go with.

Now, sir, your sending an answer to these above questions, and any
other things that you may inform us of will much rejoice me and you
may believe it true that it was only the want of opportunitv that held
us back from writing, for we understand that few of our letters have
reached you, and they all had to be sent by way of Holland.

Are masons in demand among you ? brick-makers? carpenters? tan-
ners? We have such who can go, with a little help. Give our compli-
ments to all our friends. Tell James Neilson that his mother is dead 24
months ago, that his father is yet alive, and his brother Archibald is mar-
ried, and has got a new tack of his farm. My oldest son hath bred him-
self to the stocking trade. Do you think that a stocking frame would
be a business of any consequence with you ? Please deliver the enclosed
to Colonel Jacob Ba^-ley.

William Houston.

Mr. Whitelaw writing home to Scotland under date of Oct. 16, in the
same year gives a fair account of the condition of the colon}' in the tenth
vear of its settlement:

96 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

As I understand there are numbers of the Company and others of
the mind to come here if the advices from us are favorable, I will give
3'ou a short account of the country from the experience I have had of it,
and first as to the face of the country. It is in some places pretty level,
in others hilly and uneven, but even in the most uneven places the soil is
generall}^ fertile, and fit for producing all the kinds of grain you have in
Scotland. The prices of grain are about the same as when Mr. Allan was
here, viz.: wheat about one dollar a bush., corn %, and oats Vs. Flax
we can raise in great plent}-, and it sells at 6d sterling a pound, butter
and pork at the same price; cheese 4d the pound, beef about 2d, and we
always have a good market for all the above we can raise in a year with-
out carrying it over the barn door, and though we seldom have our pay
in money, we can have something of the same value which answers the
same end. I think it is much better living here than in Scotland ; the peo-
ple here are all in pretty good circumstances; there has none less than 15
acres cleared and some have 50; the lowest can raise enough to make a
comfortable living, and the rest in proportion. The country is very
healthful, and agreeable to British constitutions, there having been
scarcely any sickness in the town since it was settled ; only 3 of the peo-
ple who came here from Scotland and only 4- children have died and all
are at present in good health. The Constitution and law^s of the State
of Vermont are generally allowed to be the best on the Continent ; taxes
are ver}^ light, while in the other states they are very high.

The years which succeeded the revolutionary war, while they witness-
ed great improvement in Ryegate, were yet times of trial, in forms of
which we know nothing in these days. The continental currency, wdiich
began to be issued earlj' in the war depreciated rapidly in value. The
Spanish milled dollar was the chief coin in circulation and the deeds for
many parcels of land in Ryegate and Barnet specify the price in that
coinage. The continental monej^ had depreciated in value to such an
extent, that the General Assembly sitting at Newbury in 1787, found it
necessary to fix by law^ the value of paper money expressed in contracts
made at different times after September, 1777, when the paper dollar
began to fall below the milled silver dollar. On the 1st of January, 1780,
the silver dollar was held to be equal to twent}^ paper dollars, and
eight months later, the Spanish milled dollar was declared equal to 72
paper dollars. The currency, much of which was counterfeit, became so
worthless that no one would take it, and disappeared from circulation.

Thus while Ryegate was rapidly gaining in those conditions which
were afterward to make the town prosperous, the years which followed
the war w^ere rather hard. There was very little mone}- in circulation.
There were no banks in the country till several years after the war ; so
there were no bank notes, and the United States did not begin the
coinage of gold and silver till 1792, consequently all the money in
circulation was of foreign countries, and in a sum of money of no very
large amount there would be coins of five or six nationalities. There

THE EARLY DAYS. 97

Avere many counterfeits, and the Coos County had notoriety as a
residence of a counterfeiting gang. One Glazier Wheeler, of Newbury and
Haverhill, a man of wonderful ingenuity, who had been engaged in
A^arious unlawful transactions, became the tool of men who obliged him
to make Spanish dollars and "Half Joes," which contained only one-
fourth as much gold or silver as the geniune. With him was associated
the notorious Stephen Burroughs. Wheeler was caught in the act of
making dies, and imprisoned on Castle Island in Boston Harbor, while
the men who profited by him, escaped all punishment.

The scarcity of money in the country, and various conditions which
caused people to think that the w^ealth of the country was being
concentrated into the hands of a few, led to great troubles and there were
those who hoped to thrive upon the distress of the country. Among
the Johnson papers at Newbury is one which recalls a peculiar episode in
Rj'Cgate history.

Mr. Whitelaw wrote Col. Johnson asking confidentialh', concerning
one Henry Tufts, who had been ingratiating himself in the place, and
of whom Mr. Whitelaw evidently had his doubts. This was the same
man who, many years later, published an autobiography entitled, "The
Life, Public Service, and Sufferings of Henry Tufts." Col. T. W. Higgin.
son has given him some fame as the tj'pe , of "A New England
Vagabond," and who appears to have been as many kinds of a rascal as
one man could well be. He came to this part of the countrj' several times,
claiming to be, or to have been, a clergj^man, and preached more than
once, and at another time he stole a horse. He could do both equally
well. His real object was to profit by stirring up strife, but without
success here, as he fotmd none to follow him, and had to sit in the
Newburj^ stocks for a day, as punishment for violent speech.

In the absence of a stable ctirrency, the standard of value for many
years, before and after 1800, was a bushel of wheat, the staple product
of the farms, for which there was a steady demand and a more nearly
average value, one year into another, than anything else. Taxes were
paid in wheat, the minister's salary and the school master's wages were
computed in it, and notes are extant to be paid in wheat, which some-
times amounted to hundreds of bushels. It is impossible to state, or
even to estimate, the amount of wheat raised in Ryegate, but it amounted
to many thousands of bushels. On some of the large farms hundreds of
bushels were raised annually. When we consider that all the work was
done by hand, the seed covered as best it could be among the stumps and
logs of newly cleared land, the grain reaped with a sickle, threshed and
cleaned by hand, we can comprehend what the work was. Women were,
generally, better reapers than men, and sometimes labored in harvest
from early dawn till the stars appeared at night.

98 HISTORY OF KYEGATK, VERMONT.

Salem was the great market for export wheat, which was, usually^
taken to market in winter. Some farmers made the trip several times in
the season, and a number of teams would go at the same time. The
route was along the old turnpike from Haverhill Corner to the Merri-
mack valley. When Robert Brock, an experienced miller, bought the
mills at Boltonville, he introduced improved machinery, which produced
a superior brand of flour, much of which was exported. In 1792, he
ground, and sent to Glasgow, a large quantitj' of ver}^ fine flour. Oat-
meal was unknown in this part of New England, until its manufacture
was introduced by the settlers of Ryegate and Barnet. In the "famine
years" of 1815-17, people blessed the Scotch "tor they invented oat-
meal ! "

There were no banks in Vermont, prior to 1817, as the majority of
the people were opposed to their establishment, and the issue of paper
money. In New Hampshire another policy prevailed, and the Coos bank,
the earliest in this part of New England, was organized in 1803 at
Haverhill, then the most important place in the north country.

Since the establishment of the national banking system the country
has had the advantage of a stable currency. The holder of a five dollar
bill knows that bill to be worth just five dollars, neither more nor less,
anywhere in the countr}^ and does not trouble himself to notice the name
of the issuing bank. But our fathers had not this security, and on tak-
ing money, were careful to ascertain the value of each bank note. Bills
of certain banks whose resources were be^'ond question, were at a pre-
mium. Others were at a slight discount, and man\^ were of uncertain
value. There were also many counterfeits, something almost never seen
at the present time.

Every merchant subscribed for a "Bank Note Detector," a publica-
tion issued at stated intervals, in which each issue of every bank in the
country was described, and its counterfeits were minutely'- indicated.
The uncertainty about the value of bank money made it neeessary, when
one man sent money to another to send a minute of the bills, retaining a
copy. In the Whitelaw papers in Ryegate, and ihe Johnson papers at
Newbury, the largest collections of early business transactions in this
vicinity are many papers like the following:

List of Bills paid by Jona. Gates to John Holden for James Manderson.
Vermont-Burlington No. 1853, Julv 4, 1808, One Dollar

ditto ditto No. 1574, July 4, 1808, One Dollar

Hillsboro No. 766, May 2, 1807, Ten Dollars

Berkshire No. 584, Sept. 7, 1806, Ten Dollars

Northampton (defaced) June 4, 1806, Five Dollars

Berkshire No. 2661. Sept. 9, 1806, Five Dollars

Springfield No. 1665, June 4, 1806, Five Dollars

Coos, No. 756, Oct. 4, 1805, Five Dollars

Massachusetts No. 10350, Julv 3, 1804, Ten Dollars

Hallowell and Augus-ta No. 2902, Sept. 2, 1805, Five Dollars

I her«by promise that if any of the abo-re mentioned bills prove to be bad and
are returned", to take tkem back, and pay other cuisrent bills in lieu of them.

Jo.TATHAx Gates.

THE EARLY DAYS. 99

An institution of some importance in the early days, when fences were
weak and cattle ran at large, was the place of detention for unruly and
wandering beasts known as the town pound, and the keeper thereof,
who was sometimes also "hog constable," was an officer of considerable
responsibility'. In 1796 it was voted to let the town remain in one pound
district, and to erect a pound on the school lot near the road that goes
to Hugh Gardners', John Gray, James Whitelaw and Josiah Page to
superintend its erection, and have it completed b}' Maj^ 1, 1797. By
1817, this structure seems to have fallen into decay, as the town voted
to build a pound of stone, the site to be chosen b}^ the selectmen. These
officials chose the " old ground," on which to erect the new structure, "to
be built 33 feet square within, 5V^ feet high, with a triangular log on top
one foot thick, and 14 inches high, to taper to a sharp point, the walls to
be 4 feet thick on the bottom, gradually tapering to IV2 ft., to have two
wooden posts, with a strong door three feet wide, to be complete to the
acceptance of the selectmen by July next." Its construction was bid off
by Kimball Page for $29.50. In 1829 the town voted "Not to move
the pound." Looking at it one would think the}'' were wise not to try.
It has long passed into disuse.

"Tything men" were among the officials chosen by the town for
many years — from one to six or seven, and were a sort of local police and
were intrusted with many duties which now fall to other offices. One of
these was to preserve order in public gatherings, especially at public
worship on the Sabbath, and to arrest and detain travelers upon that
da\'.

The memories of aged people a half century ago returned with
pleasure to the early and primitive days, which seemed more real to them
than the scenes of their later years. If all the tales and traditions which
then lingered among the hills of Ryegate and Bamet had been gathered,
they would form a volume, which in humor, pathos and appeal to the
deepest emotions of the heart would be hard to surpass. Most of them
passed with the forms that uttered them. A few, only, are rescued from
oblivion.

A tale related very circumstantially b}' Mr. Mason is concerning a
young daughter of John McCallum, an early settler on the Harvey tract
in Barnet, whose name is on the call extended in 1789 to Rev. David
Goodwillie. The child, who was a general favorite, and remarkable for
her lovable disposition, was sent by her father on horseback, to the home
of John McNab, in the east part of the town, a distance of several miWs,
her journej' lying mainly through the woods. On arriving at her desti-
nation she related that in passing through the forest, at a spot whieh
she described with great minuteness, her progress was arrested by
strange and beautiful music, which seemed to come from et.err direction

672789

100 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

above and around her, filling the air. She remained fixed to the spot till
the music died away. In the afternoon she set out on her return but not
appearing at nightfall, her father and neighbors went in search of her,
and found her lying dead at the spot which she had so minutely
described. No marks or bruises were found on her body, or anything to
indicate the cause of her death. In the old church yard at Barnet Centre
her grave is thus marked :

Elizabeth, dau. John and Ellen McCallum
Died July 28, 1812, aged 14 years.
An anecdote related about forty \'ears ago, to the editor of this work
by an aged man who had known in his younger days the early settlers of
Ryegate and Barnet, was to the effect that an old man, in one town or
the other, had been reaping w^heat with his sons, in a field at some
distance from home. They had finished their reaping before night, and
the sons went home, leaving their father to bind up some sheaves. He
had not returned home at night fall, and one of the sons went to look for
him, and found that he had left the field, put up the bars, and was
partly leaning over them, dead, with his face turned toward the field.
At his funeral Mr. Goodwillie preached from the text — " And behold
there came an old man from his work, out of the field at even." Inquiry
among the older people in both towns fails to find any one who could
recall hearing of this circumstance. But as it ma^^ have occurred a
century or more ago, it has long passed from the minds of men.

CHAPTER XII.

Ecclesiastical History.

Retrospect. — Presbyterianism. — The Church of Scotland. — The Stuarts.
— The Restoration. — Rise of the Covenanters. — Origin of "Tokens." —
The Persecution. — Anecdote. — Rev. James Renwick. — The Revolution of
1688. — Patronage. — The Associate Synod. — Burghers, and Anti-Burgh.
ERS. — The Relief Church — The United Presbyterian Church. — Rev.
Peter Powers.— Action of the Town.— The Old Meeting House.—
Early Ministers.— Rev. Wm. Forsythe. — Rev. William Gibson.

THAT which more than anything else distinguishes Ryegate from all
other towns in Vermont, or indeed in all New England, has been
its adherence to the Presbyterian form of faith and practice.
Although there are, and have ever been divisions in minor matters, yet
the religious system brought from Scotland has been completely ingrained
into the very life of the people, and after all the changes of the 3'ears, it is
still the strongest influence in its life, and no other denomination has
ever obtained an organization here. But our inquiries into the religious
history of the town reveal the interesting historical circumstance that
certain divisions originating in far-off Scotland have been perpetuated
here in Ryegate. This subject is well worthy of our careful stud}^, and
the religious history of the town cannot be understood without some
knowledge of the conditions which caused these divisions in Scotland and
in America.

Many who will read these pages are not familiar with the Presby-
terian form of church government, and a little explanation is necessary.
In each local congregation the government is vested in the minister and
elders, the latter being set apart for their oflice by ordination. The min-
ister and elders constitute the " Session," which is not onlj- an integral,
but a very important part of the polity of the church. It was intended
to be a check and bar to the rise of priestly assumption in the reformed
Scottish church. The session, which meets at stated times, controls the
affairs of the church; hears and determines cases of discipline. One of
the members who records the proceedings of each meeting, is called the
session clerk. Appeal from the decision of the session is to the Presby-
ter}', which consists of all the ministers and elders within a certain terri-
tory. A still higher court of appeal is the Synod, which is constituted ol
the minister and one elder from each session. The synod has many

102 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

responsibilities in the general oversight of the churches, and may review,
confirm or reverse the decision of the presbyteries. The General Assem-
bly, which is the highest court of appeal, is constituted from the synods,
and its decision is final. In the Presbyterian church all the ministers are
of equal rank; the moderator of the General Assembly, the great tri-
bunal of the church, is merely a presiding officer, and has authoritj only
during its session. It will then be seen that eminence in the church is
attained only by virtue of talent and piety.

The Church of Scotland had its origin with the reformation, about
1527, and fifty years later, the Presln^terian polity was introduced into
the country by Andrew Melville, who had studied the workings of the
system at Geneva. Its introduction, and the teachings of John Knox,
were opposed by the King and the priesthood, but many of the nobility
embraced the cause of the people. But the Stuart kings hated the Pres-
byterian church because it was in its very nature independent of the
crown and they aimed to make the Episcopal church the church of Scot-
land, and compel obedience to their demands. They desired to establish
in Scotland the same form of church government as had been established
in England, in which the king is the head of the church, and under him
in their order are the descending grades of the clergy, from arch-bishops
down through a host of minor officials to the laity. Thus to the king,
whatever his character or fitness ma}- be, all the clergy and laity are
bound in obedience.

But the system introduced into Scotland b}' John Knox and his fol-
lowers held the very opposite view. They proclaimed an equality of the
clergy; that Christ, and not the king or the Pope of Rome was the
supreme head of the church, and that the Holy Scriptvires, and not the
decrees of bishops and councils, are the only rule of faith and practice.

Notwithstanding the opposition of the king and his adherents, the
Presbyterians increased in numbers and influence, attaining such strength
that it was not safe to attack them openh'. James VI of Scotland who
afterwards became king of England, was intent upon the restoration
of Episcopacy in the former country, and was able to enforce the passage
of laws which made the Episcopal church, the only church recognized by
law in Scotland. His son, Charles I, went still further, and attempted
to force the liturg}^ of the Church of England upon the Presbj'terians of
Scotland, and established a set of canons which abolished the control
which kirk sessions and presbyteries had held in ecclesiastical affairs.

These measures were resisted by the multitude, and those who were
opposed to them entered into a combination known as the "Solemn
League and Covenant," which was generall}^ signed throughout Scot-
land, and which bound its supporters to resist all measures tending
toward the establishment of prelacy. They lent their aid to the meas-

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 103

ures which resulted in the overthrow of the Stuarts, and the establish-
ment of the Commonwealth.

After the restoration in 1660, Charles II endeavored to force the
Episcopal form of church government upon Scotland. An Order in Coun-
cil, Oct. 1, 1662, commanded that all ministers who had not received
presentations from lay patrons and ordination at the hands of bishops,
should be removed from parishes, and their adherents were forbidden to
attend upon their ministr}', expecting thereby to compel the obedience of
all the Presb3'terian clergy in Scotland. But the consequence was that
about three hundred and fifty ministers, about one-third of all in Scot-
land, resigned their churches, choosing poverty rather than renunciation
of their faith.

The Parliament commanded the Solemn League and Covenant to be
burned at the Cross of Edinburgh, and it was prohibited, under pain of
<3eath, to attend upon the ministry of those clergymen who adhered to
the Covenant, and the most brutal measures were taken to compel
obedience. The exiled ministers were compelled to hold their services
among the mountains and on barren moors in places well known to their
followers, who went armed to the places of meeting, where the}' could
not easily be followed or surprised by the soldiers who were sent to dis-
perse the congregations.

In those unhappy times there arose a custom which is still followed
in a few churches in this vicinity. The sacrament was observed in the
open air, and as many of the communicants came from a distance, some
of them would not be known to many of the congregation, and it was
necessary to devise some expedient to distinguish those who were enti-
tled to receive the sacrament, as the country abounded with spies and
informers. On the day before the service tlie minister with the elders
stood in front of the congregation, the applicants passed before them in
single file, and to each, when identified by one of the elders, was pre-
sented a small metal disk, called a "token," which entitled the holder to
receive the sacrament, and thus the intrusion of unauthorized persons
was prevented. This is the origin of the use of " tokens," and it might
seem that a custom with such deep historic interest should not have
Ijeen discontinued.

The Covenanters, or as they were often called from one of their lead-
ers, the Cameronians, were not rebels against the laws, and only asked
leave to worship God according to the dictates of their own consciences,
but they were treated as if their views were intended to destroy religion
and society, to be exterminated by fire and sword. Between 1661 and
1688, it has been computed that out of a population of Scotland not
exceeding a million, sixteen thousand persons "suffered for the faith."
Men, women and children were put to death without an}' form of trial,
and in cruel and treacherous wa3'S.

10-i HISTORY OF RYEOATE, VERMONT.

Among the man}' tales which have come clown from those terrible
days is one related by a minister of Covenanting ancestry in this vicinity
which we have never seen in print :

During the times of the persecution in Scotland, little bands of peo-
ple used to assemble for worship among the hills, and one day word was
brought to a small company of these faithful people that the soldiers
were coming. The}' all fled among the bushes, creeping around the hills,
when the leader heard the pursuers ver}' near. He raised his eyes and
prayed in these words, "Oh Father, hide Thou us in thy plaidie." Just
then a heavy mist arose, and in the darkness they escaped.

The last person of eminence to suffer was Rev. James Renwick, who
was executed on the 17th of February, 1688. He was a clergyman of
great eloquence, and of exemplary life. His name is held in reverence
among the Covenanters as a martyr to the faith, and the editor of this
volume has discovered among the Covenanting families of Ryegate and
Barnet, the names of forty-seven persons who were named for him, and
many for Daniel or Donald Cargill, as well as other worthies of the times
of the persecution.

The Covenanting churches of Ryegate and Barnet are the lineal
descendants of the Covenanters of Scotland two hundred and fifty years
ago, and there have been among them many who would have died for
their faith as bravely as did their ancestors in the times of the per-
secution.

At the revolution in 1688, freedom of conscience was granted to all,
and the Presbyterian church was declared to be the national church of
Scotland, and the Episcopal church that of England. But there was a
small body among the Covenanters who felt that the revolution had not
gone far enough in not recognizing the Solemn League and Covenant,
and declined to take oaths in support of the government.

The habit of independent thinking which Calvinism inspires has made
Scotland what it is and has transformed one ot the most turbulent
countries in Europe into a nation whose influence in the world has been
out of all proportion to its size or population.

But this independence of thought led to a division in the national
church. At the reformation the nobility seized upon a large part of
the lands and revenues which had belonged to the church, and assumed
the burden of supporting the clergy of the reformed faith. The owners
of the land in a parish claimed the right to nominate the clergyman
maintained at their expense. This was called " patronage," and as the
patrons were often men of widel}' different views from the members of the
churches, they nominated, in many cases, very unfit men, and men of
dissolute life were placed in the pulpit, the courts deciding that the pres-
byteries could not refuse to ordain men thus presented. In some cases
the appointments were so obnoxious that the military had to be called

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 105

Upon to enforce the ordination and the minister was left to preach to
empty pews. This system was denounced b}- many excellent men, and in
consequence of some very unworthy persons being thus obtruded into the
ministr}', Dr. Ebenezer Erskine of Stirling, in a discourse before the Synod
of Fife in 1737, denounced the system with great earnestness and power.
For this he was ordered to be rebuked for slandering the church, and
this sentence being confirmed, on his appeal, b}' the General Assembly,
he with three others in 1733, left the established church, and formed a
separate communion called the Associate Presb^vter}'. This communion
which became very prosperous, and drew thousands from the established
church, was generally known as the Seceder Church. The United Presby-
terian church at Ryegate Corner was formed by ministers of the Asso-
ciate Presbytery, and bore the name till 1858. Mr. Miller often speaks
of that church as the "Seceder"' church, thus recalling here in R^^e-
gate a controversy' whose entire history was in Scotland. As the cause
of the disruption had no existence in America, members of the established
church who settled here, usually connected themselves with this church.

In 174-7, a schism arose in this bod}' as to the lawfulness of accept-
ing a clause in an oath which the law required should be taken by the
burgesses, or magistrates, of the larger towns. One party held that
taking this oath was unlawful, as it implied the approval of a civil estab-
lishment with all its evils. Those who thought thus left the Associate
church and formed another body called the General Associate Synod.
These latter were called the Anti-Burghers, and the former the Burghers.
Some of the earh' settlers of Ryegate and Barnet presented certificates
from the General Associate churches. Both these bodies prospered, and
were at variance with each other. But in process of time these dissent-
ing bodies began to approximate toward each other, and the burgess
oath being repealed at the close of the wars of Napoleon, the two bodies
were re-united under the title of the United Secession church. This name
was afterwards changed to the United Presbyterian church, in conse-
quence of the accession of another body, called the Relief church. This
was a further secession from the established church in 1753, by some
clergymen who refused to assist in the ordination of certain ministers
whom the\' considered as unworthy of a place in the ministry. They
rejected the idea of an established church altogether, and formed a
synod called the Relief, that is, relief from the exactions and tyranny of
the presbyteries. This became a very influential bod\' and its union with
the United Secession church was brought about b}' a course of events
which removed the small differences between them. John Park and wife,
John McLam and wife and others were members in Scotland of the
Relief church.

Meanwhile a great controversy was going on in the established
church, which led to a disruption in 1842, under the lead of the celebrated

106 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Dr. Thomas Chalmers, and Dr. Thompson, out of which grew the Free
Church of Scotland. Many of the later comers to Ryegate were from the
Free church. In 1904, this body combined with the United Presbyterian
cliurch, to form the United Free Church of Scotland.

The various divisions and subdivisions of the Presb3'terian church in
America are, generally, outside of our range of inquiry. It is enough to
say that in 1858, a union was formed between the Associate Presbyterian
synod, to which the Ryegate church belonged, and the Associate
Reformed synod, under the title of the United Presbyterian church of
America.

The Reformed Presbyterian church, known as Covenanters, had no
independent organization in America after 1782, but its affairs were
managed by a committee of the Reformed presbytery in Scotland. In the
latter year, the Reformed Presbyterian church of the United States was
formed by Revs. McKinney, King, and Gibson, the latter of whom, lately
arrived from Ireland, was for many A^ears settled in Rj^egate, The ordi-
nation, in 1804', at Ryegate, of Rev. S. B. Wylie, was the first ordination
of a Covenanting minister in America. In 1808, the synod of the
Reformed Presbyterian Church in the United States was constituted.

In 1833, a division arose in this body upon the subject of the elective
franchise, and a separate organization, bearing the same name, was
formed. This decision was reflected in R^'egate by tlie formation of the
Reformed Presbyterian Church at South Ryegate, and was generally
distinguished from the parent bod}- by the title of New School Presby-
terians, locally called the " New Lights."

In this hasty survey no attempt has been made to indicate the theo-
logical differences between these branches of the Presbj'terian churches.

The first religious service held in Ryegate was by Rev. Peter Powers
of Newburj^, and probably in the year 1774. Mr. Powers was a Pres-
byterian, and the Congregational church at Newbury was organized in
1764, upon a basis which was, in part at least, Presbyterian. Mr, Pow-
ers preached frequently in the town, and baptized several children. He
was highly esteemed, and in 1779, a deputation from Ryegate sought to
obtain his services for part of the time.

As the law stood for many years after its settlement, the minister
was paid by a tax, and so we must in the absence of other authority,
consult the town and company records for such meagre information as
they convey concerning early ecclesiastical services in Rj'egate.

At a meeting of the members of the Company Aug. 17, 1784, it was
voted, "That the inhabitants will join in proportion with the inhabi-
tants of Barnet toward supporting the gospel." Six years later, March
9, 1790, the town appointed the selectmen and elders a committee "to
conclude what sum is necessary for the support of the gospel." On the

united presbyterian church at ryegate.
Erected 1894.

school building at ryegate.
Erected 1898.

isrss"

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 107

10th of April the committee seem to have reported, and 40 bushels of
wheat were voted "for the support of the gospel in town the ensuing
year." At the March meeting in the following year the town voted,
"not to raise anything for the support of the gospel or for a school."
This may not imply that there were to be neither school nor preaching
that year, but they were to be supported by subscription. No further
action of the town is reported till 1795, when it was voted, "to build a
meeting house." But the vote alone did not build it, as a special town
meeting two weeks later, "could come to no agreement about a meeting-
house." But two years later they seem to have come to some agreement,
as the town voted, March 14-, 1797, "To build a meeting-house on John
Orr's land " [where the town house now stands]. On the 30th, James
Henderson, William Neilson and Alexander Miller were chosen a commit-
tee "to build a meeting-house 40 x 30, 20 ft. post." It was also voted
"to raise a tax of nine pence on the Pound on the List of 1796, % of said
tax to be paid in materials laid on the spot and V4, in cash, to be paid into
the town treasury by the 1st of August, 1797." Tliey also voted "a
sufficient sum to pay the remaining part of the expense of completing the
outside and ground floor to be paid into the town treasury in cash or
wheat at cash prices."

On Dec. 20, 1797, the. tov^^n voied "to underpin the meeting-house
with rough stone, John Gray to superinte;id the work."

It would appear thafe ^h'Cr meeting-house was begun, but not finished,
as the town on the 12th of March two \'ears later, "chose Andrew Brock
and Hugh Gardner, a committee to call on the meeting-house committee
and find out why it [the meeting-house] is not finished." No report of
the committee is preserved, but it would seem that the ovitside of the
house was finished, and the inside, in some sort made so it could be used.
It is believed that it was, during the first year provided with temporary
benches, on which the congregation sat. A very curious entry in the
town records is that on Dec. 25, 1800, when the warning for a special
town meeting contained as Article 5, " In regard to the meeting-house:
To see if some punishment cannot be inflicted on persons who allow
their dogs to follow them to meeting, or on the dogs themselves."
No action is reported, and we are left in the dark as to the specific offence
of the poor doggies. Whether they were inattentive during the sermon
or objected to the teachings of the catechism, we shall never' know.
This meeting voted: "To complete the meeting-house, and adopt a plan
presented by James W'hitelaw for the form and order of the seats, except
some alterations in the gallery." They also voted to erect a porch at
each end of the house and "that the mode for raising money shall be by
choosing a committee to appraise the pews — then have a public vendue,
each pew to be sold as high as the appraisal. James Whitelaw, Benjamin

108

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Wright, Jabez Bigelow, John Cameron, James Henderson and Josiah
Page were chosen the committee.

The completed meeting house was built in the manner common in
New England at that day, and modeled after the one at Newbury, which
was long considered one of the best in the state. It was not as large,
or as elaboratel}^ constructed, and had no steeple. A diagram of the
interior, found among the Henderson papers, gives a very good idea of its
seating arrangements, and it will be observed that there was more
vacant space than our modern houses of worship have. There were
twent^^-six pews on the main floor and twenty-eight in the gallery' — the
Newbury meeting house having forty-eight pews on the ground floor and
thirtj'-hve in the gallery. The pews were square.

On the 12th of Januar\% 1801, the pews were sold at public vendue,
paid in notes, one-half due in one j'ear, to be paid in cash or wheat, the
remainder in the next year, and paid in cash or beef cattle at cash prices
with interest. The purchasers and the prices paid for them were as
follows:

Floor Pews.

PURCHASER.

o. 1.

Town,

" 2.

Josiah Page,

$62.00

" 3.

Campbell Sjm,

52.00

" 4.

Hugh LaugliHn,

32.50

" 5.

John Allen,

31.50

" 6.

Aloses Buchanan,

42.00

" 7.

Allan Stewart,

46.00

" 8.

Alexander Miller,

60.00

" 9.

James Whitelaw,

62.00

" 10.

Josiah Darling,

60.00

" 11.

John Craig,

50.00

" 12.

Jonathan Gates,

32.50

" 13.

James Smith,

34.00

$564 00

No.

14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.

24.

25.
26.

PURCHASER.

John Cameron.
James Whitehill,
Andrew Brock,
James Carruth,
Robert Whitelaw,
Andrew Miller.
Andrew Warden,
John Orr,
James Henderson,
James Henderson,
John Grav for John )
Park&W'idow Ritchie/
Wm. Craig, Jr.,
Wm. Craig, Jr.,

PRICE.

48.99
55 00
57.50
50.00
45.00
44.00
44.50
44.00
43.00
44.00

44.00

45.00
48.50

(Total $1176.50)

$612.50

Gallery Pews.

No.

9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

James Wliitehill,
James Whitehill,
John Harvey,
Archibald Taylor,
James Aikin,
Andrew Warden,
William Neilson, Jr.,
Hugh Gardner,
John Smith.
James Neilson, Jr ,
James Esden,
James Esden,
Rev. Wm. Gibson,
Allan Stewart,

$ 36.50

No. 15.

36.50

" 16.

35.00

" 17.

35.50

" 18.

40.00

" 19.

39.00

" 20.

36.00

" 21.

35.00

" 22.

40.00

" 23.

40.00

" 24.

28.00

" 25.

32.00

" 26.

30.00

" 27.

30.50

" 28.

$494.00

Samuel Ingalls, $30.00

Hugh Johnson, 32.00

Josiah Page, 27.50

Joshua Hunt, 30.00

Tames Henderson, 30.00

Kimball Page, 29.50

Robert Hall, 30.00

Gideon Currier, 27.00

Jabez Bigelow, 33.00

Ezra Gates, 28.37

Abraham Whitehill, 27.50

Campbell Sym, 27.00

fames McKindley, 31.87

Daniel Hunt, 28.00

$411.74

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 109

The gallery pews sold for $905.74; all the pews in the house bringing
$2082.24. The entire cost of the house we do not know.

The building thus completed was for many years the principal build-
ing in Ryegate, and the center of the religious, political, and social life
of the town. From it all roads radiated, and the return of the Sabbath
brought almost the entire population of Ryegate within its walls. It
was the only large public room in town, and was used for many pur-
poses, the Presbyterians of Scotland, like the Puritans of New England,
attaching no special sanctity to the building in which public worship
was held. It was the occasion, not the place, which was sacred. It
stood till 1855, when it was taken down and the town house erected
on its site. The annals of that building, during its life of nearly sixty
j^ears, would, if the}' could be collected and properly arranged, form a
most interesting volume, and a record of the inhabitants of the town,
such as no other book could ever give. It is to be regretted that some
one, familiar with the subject, has not woven its historv and associations
into narrative.

No provision for warming the building in winter was made for the
first twent}' years, and it was not until 1817, that measures were taken
for that purpose. At a special town meeting held on the 18th of Novem-
ber, Alexander Miller, John Neilson and Robert Whitelaw were chosen a
committee "to get glass, repair the porches and the doors leading to the
west gallery, and put on corner boards, also to procure a good stove,
one knee, and 30 feet of large pipe." The cost of these improvements
was $73.62, raised by subscription, and to be paid in cash or wheat. In
the next year four gallerj^ pews, whose owners were gone, dead, or
unable to pay, were sold at auction. The town records show that small
repairs were made from time to time for many years, and that not all the
notes given in 1801 for pews, had been paid twent}' years later.

In 1805 the town voted : " To support the selectmen in opposing
persons who claim the Glebe lot." This was probably in opposition to
the action of the Episcopal church in claiming the church lands. What
result the action had is not preserved.

From the outset there was more or less friction about the use of the
house, between the two congregations by whom it was occupied, and
the matter had, inore than once, to be settled in town meeting. On the
14th of July, 1812, the town voted :

To appoint a committee of five persons, two of which to belong to
each society, and one to be neutral, whose business it shall be to arrange
the days on which each society shall occupy the meeting-house in propor-
tion to their interest in the same, three of whom shall be a quorum, viz. :
one of each society, and the neutral one, whose powers shall continue
till the next March meeting, and no longer. John Gray and James Hen-

110 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

derson on the part of the Seceders, James Whitehill and Alexander Miller
on the part of the Covenanters, with Josiah Page as the neutral were
chosen.

The committee seems to have managed matters successfully for a few
years, but trouble seems again to have arisen, and the following extracts
show how it was decided :

"At a meeting of the Associate Congregation, Oct. 1, 1822, at Eben-
ezer Morrill's house, a committee consisting of William Neilson, James
Henderson. James Whitelaw, William Gray and William Gibson were
appointed to confer with, and receive proposals from the Reformed Con-
gregation of the town, or of any persons claiming an interest in the
Meeting-house, the object being to apportion the use of the house in pro-
portion to ownership."

"Oct. 7, 1822. The Reformed Congregation being informed that the
Associate Congregation had appointed their committee, met this day
and made choice of Campbell Sym, Alexander Miller, Walter Buchanan,
John Harvey and John Hunter as a committee on their part. They
found that the share of the Meeting-house owned by members of the
Reformed Congregation was $863.03, and the portion of the Associate
Congregation was $476.83."

It being then found that the proportions of the house owned by the
members of each society would give its use for 33 Sabbaths in each
year to the Covenanters, and 19 to the Associate Congregation, it was
decided that "Mr. Milligan should improve the house 8 Sabbaths and Mr.
F'errier 5 Sabbaths in each quarter, the committee to furnish wood, make
repairs, and take care of the house."

In 1825 the Associate Congregation erected a house of worship of
its own, leaving the old building to the Covenanters. In January, 1826,
a petition from 17 members of the latter congregation petitioned a meet-
ing for repairs to the house. Robert Whitelaw, Alexander Miller, and
John Nelson were chosen the committee and instructed to make partial
repairs — "patch the roof, fix the loose clapboards on the front of the
house, and put on what corner boards are wanting, raise Ijhe porches to
the house and repair the windows, to receive their pay out of such nptes
in the hands of the treasurer as are collectable."

After the erection of a new church in 1850, the old building was left
to the town, and when it was taken down in 1855, had become much
dilapidated. The old building was sold to A. S. Miller, w^ho used a part
of it in some out-building. It stood with its side to the road, the pulpit
was on the north side of the house, with a broad aislo to a large door
which was in the middle of the front side. There was a sort of stoop
with an entrance at the west end, to an aisle which ran the length of the
church. The stairs to the galleries were in the bod}' of the house.

As the servic«s of the earlier ministers who preached for any length
of time ia Rj'egate were engaged and paid for by the town, it tflay be as

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. Ill

well to note here what we know of them. The details are very meaere.
and, probably a number of clergymen preached here for longer or shorter
periods, whose names have not come down to us. Rev. Thomas Good-
willie, about 1863, prepared for Miss Hemenway an account of the Asso-
ciate church, from which we copy the following:

"Before, during and after the Revolutionary war, several Scotch
clergymen came, and preached occasionally, and sometimes administered
baptism. Gen. Whitelaw, on his way to R3^egate in 1773, called on Rev.
Thomas Clark, a Scotch clergj^man of the Associate church, settled in
Salem, N. Y., and Col. Harvey, on his way to Barnet in 1774-, called also
upon him, and to this clergyman John Gray of Ryegate traveled on foot
140 miles to obtain his services. He gave them a favorable answer April
8, 1775 and came and preached some time in Barnet and Ryegate, in the
latter part of the summer ol that year. He revisited these towns several
times afterward, during the war. Rev. Hugh White, a Scotch clergyman,
preached in Ryegate at the end of 1776. Rev. Robert Annan preached
in both towns in 1784, and returned next year. Rev. David Annan
preached for some time in 1785.

Rev. John Huston was present with the session of Barnet August 31,
1786, where the record says, "a petition was drawn up b}' the elders of
Barnet and R3-egate, and referred to the Associate Presb^'ter}^, to sit at
Peterboro, Sept. 27, 1786, earnestly desiring one of their number might
be sent to preach, visit and catechise the two congregations and ordain
elders at Barnet. Accordingh^ the Presb\^tery appointed Mr. Huston for
that purpose."

He goes on to say that Mr. Huston came in October. 1786, and
remained till Ma}', returning in October. In the Barnet session records
his name is spelled Houston, and from the Whitelaw correspondence he
seems to have been a nephew of that William Houston at Glasgow who
was the business head of the Company- in Scotland.

The town meeting on March 17, 1789 voted a committee to. appoint
preaching and settle with the minister agreeable to the Acts of the state.
John Gra}^, Andrew Brock, William Neilson, James Henderson and Hugh
Gardner were the committee.

At an adjourned town meeting held May 30, 1798, it was
Voted ; "That the money due for pine timber from the Glebe lot be paid
for preaching done after this date, Mr. Goodwillie to have one-
third and Mr. Forsythe two-thirds."
Voted; "That the money to pay Mr. Fors3'the for preaching through
the summer be paid by subscription when the timber money is
done."
On the 17th of September the town voted :

" To pay Mr. Wm. Forsj-the $6 per week for the time he has
preached to date, out of the pine money.

To hire Mr. Forsythe, and settle him as ministar for the town, as
soon as he produces proper credentials. 40 yeas, 6 naj'S."

112 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Voted; "To pay Mr. Forsythe $200 for the year ensuing, and increase
his salary as the grand list increases, till it amounts to $250."

Mr. Forsythe declined the offer, but the town seemed desirious to
retain him, as at a meeting on the 13th of November it was
Voted; "To pay Mr. Forsythe $200 the 1st year, and let the salary
advance with the list till it amounts to £80 per annum."

This offer was also declined, and there appears nothing further in the
town records about the man. Mr. Miller, after transcribing the votes of
the town, says — "I know nothing about him, think he was a Coven-
anter." We are more fortunate. Some letters of his, (in which it
appears that while living here he taught school) among the Whitelaw
papers, led the editor to inquire about him. Through the kindness of
Prof. J. B. Calkin, L. L. D., for more than thirty years principal of the
Nova Scotia Normal School at Truro, we learn that Mr. Forsythe was
from Scotland, and educated there, and ordained by a College of Lay
Elders in the United States, becoming in 1800, pastor of the Associate
Presbyterian congregation at Cornwallis, in which he continued till his
death in 1840.

Dr. Calkin prepared an historic sketch of the church at Cornwallis,
in which he says that Mr. Forsythe, "in addition to the care of his con-
gregation, taught a private school, in which he won a high reputation)
and his work was of priceless value to the community."

" Mr. Forsythe was a sturdy, decided man, with distinct views of his
own, and was possessed of the full courage of his convictions, ready to
state what he believed in no unmistakable terms."

Dr. Calkin, who is a native of Cornwallis, is one of the few persons
living who remember this first minister of Rj^egate. We speak of him as
the first minister, because he was the first who, while preaching in
Ryegate, was actually living here at the time.

In his letters to Gen. Whitelaw, he appears to have regretted having
left Ryegate, and it would seem, in the light of his subsequent career,
that the town should have retained the services of so valuable a man.
A printed sermon of his, in pamphlet form, delivered before the " Fra-
ternity of Free and Accepted Masons of Harmony Lodge, at Danville,"
June 25, 1798, is also interesting as being, as far as we know, the first
printed publication of a resident of Ryegate. A copy is in the library of
the Vermont Historical Society.

At a special town meeting held Sept. 4, 1799, it was voted to give
Rev. William Gibson, who had been preaching here for a few weeks, a
call to settle. Those voting in the affirmative were:

John Cameron, William Neilson, 2d, John Smith,

David Reid, Jonathan Gates, James Neilson,

Hugh Gardner, Campbell Sym, Alexander Holmes,

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.

113

John Orr,
Samuel Ingalls,
Robert Hall,
Alexander Miller,
George Ronalds,
John Harvey,
Kimball Pagfe.

James Ta3'lor,
James Whitehill,
John Hunter,
Hugh Laughlin,
John Park,
John Dunn,

John Gray,
Benjamin Wright,
James Whitelaw,

29

Samuel Johnson
Andrew Brock,
Alexander Shields,
10

William Craig, Jr.,

James Aikin,

James McKinle}',

Josiah Page,

John Johnson,

William Craig, Sr.,

John Holmes, '
Those voting Nay were:

Lieut. Wm. Neilson,

Andrew Warden,

William Johnson,

Jacob Page.

Seven others voted by proxy.

John Cameron, James Henderson and Josiah Page were chosen a com-
mittee to wait on Mr. Gibson and receive his answer. At a town meet-
ting held Dec. 10th, the committee reported Mr. Gibson's answer in the
affirmative. The above vote gives some idea of the relative strength
of the Covenanters and the " Seceder" or Associate Presbyterians. The
March meeting in 1800 voted "to support the minister this year by vol-
untary subscription."

The annual meeting in March, 1801, voted to raise Mr. Gibson's sal-
ary b\' subscription. Alexander Miller was chosen to take the subscrip-
tion paper, one-half to be paid by Sept. 1, and the other half by March
1, 1802. John Cameron, James Henderson, and William Neilson were
chosen a committee.

CHAPTER XIIT.

The Associate Presbyterian Church.

Early Church Going.— Theological Metaphysics. — Early Ministers. — Rev.
David Goodwillie — Ordination of Rev. Thos. Ferrier. — Rev. VVm. Prin-
gle.— The Disruption — Rev. James McArthur.— Re-union. — Later Pas-
tors.— Sunday Schools. — Church Edifices.

nr'

<HE colonists of Ryegate brought from Scotland a love for the Sab-
I bath and the ministrations of the gospel, with a profound rever-
ence for the doctrines and orcler of government of the Presbyte-
rian church. They regarded no toil too hard, no sacrifice too great, to
the end that religion and morality might be established and perpetuated
in the new colony among the Vermont hills. For some years they were
favored only occasionally with preaching on the Sabbath, and many
resorted to Newbury, a distance of about ten miles from the center of the
town, to hear the discourses of Rev. Peter Powers.

In an historical discourse delivered at Newbury in 1831 by Rev.
Clark Perry he said, "Not only men but women also came on foot from
what is now called Ryegate Corner, and even as far as the ten mile tree,*
that they might have opportunity to worship the God of their fathers in
the public congregation. When the ladies came to Wells River there
being no canoe, they would bare their feet and trip it through as nimbly
as the deer. The men generally went barefooted, the ladies certainly
wore shoes." Mr. Powers held frequent week day services in Ryegate,
but with both Newbury and Haverhill in his charge, he could have given
little time to this town, as he was the only minister for many miles up
and down the river. "Those who did not find it convenient to attend
church at Newbury held meetings for prayer and Christian conference,
and attended to the religious instruction of their children."

As we have before stated, the first settlers were from the established
church of Scotland, or from that body of seceders known as the Asso-
ciate Synod. As there was no established church in America, the causes

*The "ten mile tree," was in Barnet, on the Harvey tract. The meeting-
house at Newbury was opposite the Oxl>ow cemetery at that time.

Note: The authorities for this chapter are : Rev. J. A. McKirahan's sketch.
— Mr. Miller's notes and abstracts of session records. — Historical sketch of the
Associate church in Barnet. — Life of Rev. James Clarkson.— Minutes of Svnod.—
Personal information.

THE ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 115

for separation liad no existence here, and the colonists united in forming
the Associate Presbyterian church. A few of them held Covenanting
views, and connected themselves with that body after the arrival of Rev.
Wm. Gibson.

This is not the place to inquire concerning the theological differences
which caused the formation of two distinct branches of the Presbyterian
church here in Ryegate in those early days, or even to state the ])()ints of
difference. They originated in Scotland and are part of its historv. A
careful and precise definition of the views held a century ago b\^ Coven-
anters and liv Associate Presbj'terians, would present doctrinal points of
controversy^ which could hardly be understood by people of our time.
Any one who w'\\\ undertake to read and comprehend the treatise of Rev.
James Milligan upon the controversy between the Associate and the
Reformed Congregations of Ryegate and Barnet, will be perplexed by
what would seem to us metaphysical subtleties, which could have no
bearing upon ever}^ da\^ life. Yet there were plenty of people in both
towns a century ago who understood and could define these points of
difference down to the minutest particular, and could give what seemed
to them good and sufficient reasons why the doctrines held by their
opponents were illogical and unscriptural. We can only comprehend the
eagerness w^ith which people pursued these inquiries into abstruse points
of theology by attributing it to the tendency of the Scottish mind for
inetaphj'sics, and the further fact that people in those days had more
time for such things than we have.

It is believed that the Associate Presbyterian church, which in 1858
became United Presbj^terian, was organized before 1779, but as the early
records are lost, and the particular circumstances of its formation with
them, we can only conjecture concerning them. Rev. Peter Powers, who
had great influence in Ryegate and was a member and clerk of the Graf-
ton presbytery, organized Presbyterian chvxrches in Peacham, Bath and
other towns, and the circumstance that in the year mentioned the Rye-
gate people applied to Newbury to obtain a part of his services in their
town, leads us to think that their church may have been organized
through his instrumentalit}'^, perhaps under the direction and possibly
under the oversight of Dr. Witherspoon himself

We have mentioned in the previous chapter the services of several
who preached in Ryegate before there was any settled ministry, but the
names of all have not come down to us. Dr. Witherspoon, whose
interest in the colony ceased only with his death, visited the town in
1776, again in 1782 and 1786. At each visit he preached and baptized
children. Rev. Mr. Clark was permitted by his congregation at Cam-
brige, N. Y., to spend some time in this town and Barnet, in 1785. In
1786 both towns requested supplies from the Associate Reformed Pres-

116 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

bytery of Londonderry, and Rev. John Houston was appointed, and
instructed to ordain elders over them. This statement, made by Rev.
Thomas Goodwillie, would seem to imply that there had been some
irregularity in the formation of the church, if organized seven years
before, and yet without duly ordained elders. In 1788, by appointment
of the Presbytery of Pennsylvania, Rev. Thomas Beveridge came and
labored several inonths. In the next year Rev. David Goodwillie came
from Scotland, was induced to visit Barnet, and received a call on the
5th of July, 1790, to become the minister of that congregation. As the
people of Rj^egate expected to receive part of his services, the call was
concurred in by the follo\Ying persons on the part of the congregation in
this town: John Gray and Andrew Brock, Elders; William Neilson,
Alexander Miller, James Henderson, William Neilson, 2d, James McKin-
ley, John Wallace, James Neilson, Hugh Gardner, and William Gra}^
Mr. Goodwillie was installed over the Barnet congregation Feb. 6, 1791,
and gave to the Rj^egate people one sixth of his time and services for
thirty-two years. He was a remarkable man and the ancestor of a dis-
tinguished family. Under his charge the church prospered, growing
steadily in numbers and ability. " He was diligent in preaching, pastoral
visitation, and public catechisings, and in that long period failed to keep
his appointments but twice, when prevented by sickness " It is supposed
that about 150 were added during his ministry.

In Julv, 1798, Rev. Thomas Beveridge came to assist Mr. Goodwillie
at the sacrament, was taken sick and died and is buried in the church-
yard at Barnet Center, where the congregation of Cambridge, N. Y.,
erected a monument to his memory.

In those early days the ministers of the Associate church were few in
number, and often went long distances to assist one another in the four
da3's meetings held in connection with the sacrament. Rev. James Clark-
son, who was for thirty-eight years pastor of the Associate church at
Chanceford, Pa., near the Maryland border, 80 miles southwest of
Philadelphia, rode on horseback to Barnet to assist Mr. Goodwillie on
such an occasion in the first year of his settlement, and the latter re-
turned the compliment. Similar journeys and exchanges were made by
Revs. Thomas Goodwillie, Alexander Bullions, and William Pringle.
Rev. David Gordon, whom we shall mention later, was minister at
Chanceford before he came to Ryegate.

A great-granddaughter of the Rev. James Clarkson was the wife of
Rev. John L. Merrill, pastor, 1860— '65 of the Presbyterian church at
Chanceford, and 1891-1901 of the Congregational church at Newburj'.
Mr. Merrill gives us this interesting circumstance.

It will be remembered that in 1799, at a special town meeting called
to decide the ecclesiastical relations of the town, 33 voted to settle Rev.

THE ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 117

Mr. Gibson of the Reformed Presb^^terian church, and 13 voted no. It
was to these dissenters and their faniiUes that Mr. GoodwilHe minis-
tered till about 1820.

The congregation now felt able to support a minister of its own, and
Rev. Thomas Ferrier having preached acceptably, the following call v^as
presented to him by Rev. Peter Bullions, who had been appointed by the
Associate Presbytery of Cambridge to moderate the call :

We the Elders and other members of the Associate Congregation of Ryegate
in full Communion, who have acceded to the Lord's cause aforesaid and Main-
tained by the Associated Presbytery of Cambridge, as subordinate to the Asso-
ciate Synod of North America : Taking into our serious consideration the great
loss we suffer from the want of a fidl Gospel Ministry among us, and being fully
satisfied from opportunities of enjoying your public ministrations among us that
the great Head of the Church has bestowed upon you, Mr. Thomas Ferrier,
Preacher of the Gospel, under the inspection of the Associate Synod of North
America, such ministerial gifts and endowments as through the Divine blessing
may be profitable for our edification.

We therefore call, and beseech you to come to us and help us, by taking the
charge and oversight of this congregation, to labor in it, and watch over it, as
our fixed Pastor : And on your acceptance of this our call, we promise you all
due support, respect, encouragement and obedience in the Lord. Moreover, we
beseech and entreat the Reverend Presbytery to whomw^e present this call, to sus-
tain this the same and to take all steps necessary to your settlement among us
with all convenient speed.

In testimony ^vhereof we have subscribed this our call this eighth day ot
October, in the year of our Lord 1821, before the witnesses subscribing:

William Gibson, Walter Gilfillan, Andrew Buchanan

Robert Gibson, David Warden, George Nelson

George Smith, William Warden, James Neilson,

John Gibson, James Barr, Alex. Henderson,

Elders, William Mason, James Henderson,

William Gray, Alex. Gibson, Robert Gibson, 2d,

Peter McLaughlin Andrew Warden, William Henderson,

Wm. Gilfillan, 3d, Robert Gibson, Wm. Gibson. Jun.,

Wm. Nelson Jun., Peter Gibson, James Gibson,
James Dunsyre.

In presence of f^^^ *^/^^j{!j.^; } Witnesses.

That the above 27 subscriptions are genuine, and done in my presence this
Oct. 8. 1821, is attested by Peter Bullions, Moderator.*

The call was laid before the Presbytery, May 24, 1822, and tendered
to Mr. Ferrier at Philadelphia and accepted by him. He was ordained
at Ryegate, Sept. 28,1822, the sermon being preached by Rev. Mr. Good-
wilHe, other parts being taken by Revs. Peter and Alexander Bullions,

Town Records, Vol. Ill, pp. 69, 70.

118 HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VERMONT.

Rev. Miller and Rev. Mr. White.* His salary was to be $300, a house
and twenty acres of land. Some difficulty about securing a parsonage
led to his resignation in 1825. Mr. Miller says that he was a very pol-
ished speaker, but too fastidious for his people. Sixteen members were
admitted during his ministry. He seems to have demitted the charge
about the time the new church was built. There is no record of services
at its dedication.

The congregation now having a meeting-house of its own was pros-
pering, but it was four v-ears before they settled another pastor and were
supplied by various ministers during brief periods, some of them being
Revs. Ferrier, Bullions, Goodwillie, Wm. (jibson who are mentioned in
the records.

Rev. William Pringle, who had preached acceptably during several
months, received a call, which Rev. Alex. Bullions was appointed to pre-
sent before the presbytery, April 20, 1829.

He was installed pastor, June 29, 1830, and the son of a distinguish-
ed minister in Scotland, was a man of more than ordinar\^ abilit}', and
the church was very prosperous during some years. About a year before
his ordination the society decided to build a parsonage, and Alex. Hender-
son, Alex. Gibson and John Nelson were chosen a committee for that
purpose. This parsonage which was taken down some years ago, was
built in the winter of 1829-30.

We now reach an event in the history of the church which it would
be much pleasanter to pass over in silence, now that nearW all who had
any part in its proceedings have long ceased to care for them. But it is
a part, not only of the history of the town and the church, but of the
Associate Presb3'terian church in North America, and we think we may.

Note by Rev. J. A. McKir.\han.
* It may be interesting to readers of this age of rapid movement to note the
deliberation with which the steps looking to the settlement of Mr. Ferrier over
the Congregation of Ryegate were taken. Here are the several acts b\' the differ-
ent parties with the date of each.

1. Petition from the elders of the Ryegate church for the moderation of a
call presented to the Presbytery at Cambridge, N. Y., Aiig. 27, 1821.

2. Presbytery in session at Cambridge, Rev. Peter Bullions reported the
moderation of a call at Ryegate for Mr. Ferrier. Clerk of Pres. appointed to
notify Mr. Ferrier; Mr. Bullions the Congregation.

3. Phil. Pa., May 24, 1822— nine months after the iirst step was taken— the
call presented to Mr. Ferrier, and he asked for time to consider it.

4. May 27, three days later Mr. Ferrier formally accepted the call.

5. Aug. 28, 1822, one year from the first step Pres. met at Cambridge N. Y.,
and ordained Mr. Ferrier to the office of the ministry.

6. Rvegate, Vt., Sept. 28, 1862 — thirteen TiJorjfAs from the inception of the
whole matter Mr. Ferrier was formally installed pastor of the Congregation at
Ryegate.

THE ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 119

without grieving any one, give the general outlines of this unfortunate
controversy. It began more than seventy years ago, lasted through
many years, and was a serious obstacle to the moral and religious wel-
fare of the community. The only lesson that can be drawn from it is
that good men are not alwaj-s wise. The present pastor has outlined
the difficult}' in a few sentences —

Until 1838 the course of the church was even and undisturbed. It
grew in membership, and maintained religiovis services after the manner
and spirit of the old church in Scotland, many of the older members hav-
ing come from that land, and others in the 3'ears that followed the per-
manent organization of the church. But in that year trouble arose in
the Presbyter}' [of Cambridge, N. Y] which for years seriously' affected
the churches of Ryegate and Barnet. In the spirit of modern da3's we
may wonder how such trouble could have arisen. It had its origin in
Scotland over a matter of practice purel_y local. The Burgess' Oath, in
some six cities in Scotland, required a declaration of belief in, and accept-
ance of, "the present religion" of the countr3\ The Associate church had
seceded from the Established church because of corruptions which they
declared existed in the Establishment.

The dispute concerned the meaning of the phrase — "the present
religion," one party maintaining that it meant the Established church,
on account of whose corruptions they had separated from it; the other,
that it meant the Protestant, or opposed to the Roman Catholic church.

It seems evident that such a controvers}^ could not be of any possible
interest to the church in America. But its doctrinal feature was taken
up, and engaged the attention of the church in this country during a
series of years. In 1838 Rev. Alexander Bullions, D. D., of Coila, N. Y.,
was debarred from the ministry for alleged heretical views on the matter.
The congregations of Barnet and Ryegate were also erected into a new
Presbyter}^ called the Vermont Presbytery, by the Synod in the same
year. The pastors were, one a brother-in-law, and one a son-in-law, of
Dr. Bullions.* The Vermont Presb^'tery restored Dr. Bullions to the
office of the ministry. Then the Svnod dissolved the presln'tery, and
deposed the ministers. Party spirit ran high, and involved other con-
gregations. New presbyteries and a new synod were formed, maintain-
ing a separate and independent organization. The congregations of
Ryegate and Barnet were both divided, and Rev. James McArthur served
that part of both churches which remained with the old presbyter3^
His pastorate extended from 1846 to 1853. In 1854, the whole mat-
ter was dropped, the two synods were re-united without confession or
removal or acts of disciy^line by, or on, anybody. In the Union of 1858,
all became United Presbyterians in a strict sense.

Mr. Miller's abstract of session records shows that in 1830 there
were 112 members, and that between that date and 1840, 64 had been
added and 13 dismissed.

* Dr. Bullions married Mary, daughter of Rev. David Goodwillie of Barnet,
and sister of Rev. Thomas Goodwillie. In 1830 the R3-egate minister. Rev. Wm.
Pringle, married a daughter of Dr. Bullions.

120 HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VERMONT.

Those who adhered to the decree of synod convened Oct. 11, 1840,
and the session was constituted by Rev. David Gordon, whom we have
mentioned before and who supplied the congregation for a time. The
elders were John, Alexander, and James Gibson, George Nelson and
Andrew Warden. The number of members who presented themselves
was46,of whom 24 were named Gibson, and from the number of persons
of that name connected with it, this organization was often called the
"Gibson" party, as well as the "Synod" party. They were without a
settled pastor for some time, but in 1846 Rev. James McArthvir came
and was ordained and installed on the 11th of September at Barnet
village, over the united congregations of Ryegate and Barnet. Mr. Mc-
Arthur was born at Cambridge, N. Y., Jan. 8, 1815, and educated at
Franklin college, receiving his theological training at Canonsburgh, Pa.
His salary was $400, one-half of which was paid by the Ryegate people.
The admissions to his church during his pastorate were 40 in RN-egate
and 37 in Barnet, and he married 57 couples.

His wife was a Miss McNab of Johnstown, N. Y., whom he married
in the j'ear he came here. They lived for some time in the family of Dea.
John Gibson and then resided in a house which he bought at Mclndoes,
where some of his congregation lived. Several of his children, of whom
there were seven, were born there, one of whom became a Presbyterian
minister in Illinois. Mr. McArthur resigned near the close of 1857, but
continued to preach here occasionally till the end of September in the
next year. He removed to Illinois where he filled several pastorates and
w^as also a county superintendent of schools. He died in Walton, Kan-
sas, Oct. 9, 1887. "He was," sa^'s Mr. Miller, "a man of good, fair
abilities, a faithful minister of the gospel, very exemplary in his conduct,
and highlv respected wherever known."

The party which adhered to Mr. Pringle kept possession of the
church and parsonage, while the Synod party held public worship where
the}-- could for some years, and, in 1850, formed articles of association
with the Covenanters under which both combined to build a church
on the east side of the street. Thus during several j-ears there were two
rival congregations, worshipping in church edifices on oppposite sides of
the same country road, not differing in the slightest particular in either
creed or manner of church government, and separated by their views
concerning events occurring in Scotland, with which neither party had
the slightest thing to do. It was of these two divisions of the Associate
church that Dr. Bullions spoke when asked the difference between them
replied, "Oh, in one they sing David's Psalms, and in the other they sing
the Psalms of David."

The asperities of the period are softened in our view b}' a circum-
stance related in the United Presbyterian of Jul\' 2, 1908, by Rev. Dr.

THE ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 121

Scott: "In 1840 the Synod sent a commission of three ministers, all of
whom afterward became theological professors, to deal with the Pres-
byter}^ of Vermont, pastors and people. The meeting was appointed
for Juh' 10th in Mr. Goodwillie's church in Barnet. The people received
the commission in no verj- friendly spirit. The Rev. James Martin had
prepared a notable sermon on 'The duty of submission to church rulers'
for the occasion. He had taken a severe cold on his journey, v^as seized
with a hemorrhage and when he stood up to begin his sermon the blood
gushed from his mouth. Tlie audience looked upon it as a judgment
because he had come to depose their pastor. Dr. Goodwillie, however,
took him to his own home, and he and his family tenderly nursed him for
several weeks until able to return to his home in Albany." The sermon
was never delivered. In 1861, the union being accomplished between the
two factions, the S\'nod part}' sold their interest in the latter house to
the Covenanters.

The part of the congregation \vhich remained with Mr. Pringle con-
tinued to hold regular services with fair attendance and success. In
1844 a number of persons from Greensborough joined the church and
were with others formed into an Associate Presbyterian church, June 5,
1845. The new synod, which included those portions of the Ryegate
and Barnet congregations which adhered to Rev. Dr. Bullions, assumed
the name of the Associate Synod of North America and embraced four
presbyteries containing in 1852, twentj'-one congregations, eight of
which were in New York, six in Illinois, three in Vermont, and one each
in Ohio and Rhode Island, numbering 2658 communicants. Several over-
tures to draw these dissidents into other branches of the Presbyterian
church seem to have been made, notablv one from the General Assembly
which at the meeting of the synod in 1852 was declined in the following
resolution .

"That we will not unite with any body who do not sing the psalms
ot inspiration, or who sing anything else than the psalms, or until we
have examined it, who do not sing our version of psalms."

Mr. Pringle resigned in 1852. A further account of him and his fam-
ily w^ill appear later. After his resignation the divided forces of the
church began to unite, and the breach was gradually healed, to the joy
and relief of both parties, which had wearied of the long contest which
brought no good to either side. The two Associate Synods were form-
ally re-united at a joint session in Alban}^ N. Y., May 31, 1854. In
1858, the union between the Associate, and Associate Reformed Synods,
was consummated, and the Associate Presbyterian church of Ryegate
was thence^ )rth known as the United Presbvterian church.

122 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

During the five years which followed Mr. McArthur's resignation the
church was supplied by several ministers, whose names are not all
remembered. Rev. Mr. Blaikie was here in 1859, during several months,
and other ministers before and after him. Mr. George M. Wiley was the
next pastor by installation. He came here in Jul\', 1863, and was in-
stalled Oct. 12th, and resigned in March 1868, to become pastor of a
church at West Hebron, N. Y. Mr. Wiley married Miss Ella M. Gray,
and a more complete record of his life will be among the annals of the
Gray iamily. His successor was Rev. William Bruce, from the north of
Ireland, who came here in Maj', 1868, was ordained and installed on the
1st of October. He resigned his charge August 10, 1870. Mr. Bruce died
in 1888, having been blind many j-ears. Rev. Hugh Brown, who sup-
plied here a few weeks in 1860, returned in 1870, and occupied the pulpit
till the spring of 1872.

Mr, Brown was followed b}^ Rev. Alexander Young Houston, who
began to preach here in the fall of 1873. Mr. Houston was born in Ohio
in 1824, graduated from Franklin College in 1852, and studied theology
two years in Canonsburg Seminary. He was installed here Feb. 13,
1873. In March, 1872, he was badh' hurt by a tree falling on him in
Hugh Gibson's woods. His health breaking, he resigned about a j^ear
later, and the pulpit was declared vacant. He died in New Wilmington,
Pa., Aug. 20, 1891, having been in the ministr}' about 35 years, including
some time in the Christian Commission during the civil war. Mr. Hous-
ton's successor was Rev. James B. Clapperton, born in Delaware Co., N.
Y., in 1836, and graduated at Westminster College and Alleghan}' Semi-
nary. He was installed here June 9, 1876, and resigned June 20, 1881,
returning to New York state. His successors have Ijeen Rev. G. T. Gal-
braith, 1884-85; Daniel Harris, 1886-94; F. A.Collins, 1895-1904;
Rev. J. A. McKirahan, the present pastor, installed January, 1906.

The first elders were Andrew Brock and John Grav. Their successors
so far as can be ascertained have been : 1817, William Gibson and George
Smith; 1820, Robert Gibson, John Gibson and Andrew Warden; 1830,
Wm. Henderson, Alexander Henderson; 1832, George Nelson, James Gib-
son, Alexander Gibson; 1843, Andre\v Laughlin, Nathan Batchelder;
1873, Wm. J. Gibson, A. B. Pringle, John F. Nelson, W. L. Somers; 1856,
Robert Symes, Robert Gibson, Hugh G. Miller; 1867, Robert Dalrymple;
1888, W. T. McLam, R. J. Nelson, F. W. Whitehill, J. E. Crown.

The Associate Presbyterian congregations of R^-egate and Barnet
belonged to the Associate Presbj'tery of PennsAdvania, from the time
that these congregations applied to that Presb\'tery for a minister till
May 21, 1801, when the Associate Sj-nod of North America was organ-
ized, and they were included in the Associate Presbytery of Cambridge,
N. Y., then formed. On Jul}' 10, 1840, the Associate Presbvtery of Yer-

rev. james beattie.
(Covenanter, Ryegate and Barnet )

REV. FRANK A. COLLINS.

REV. J. A. MCKIRAHAN.

Pastors of United Presbyterian Church, Ryegate.

•'AVION*.

THE ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 123

mont was constituted at Barnet by Rev. Thomas Goodwillie. Since
May, 1858, the Vermont Presbytery has belonged to the (jeneral Assem-
bly of the United Presbyterian church of North America.

Very little can be ascertained respecting the beginning of Sunday
Schools connected with the church. The older people did not favor them,
considering that parents should instruct their children, instead of leaving
the duty to others, and it was not until Sunday Schools had been long
established in other towns, that a few children were gathered for instruc-
tion during the interval of Sabbath services. But the innovation soon
became a fixed feature, yet Sunday Schools do not seem to have been con-
sidered a part of the church work, as no allusion to them is made in the
session records till about forty years ago, and the first mention of them
is of a restrictive nature, in decreeing that the Sunday School papers
should not be given out upon the Sabbath. In later years the school
became an important part of church work, constantly increasing in
scope and value. Societies for the study and support of missions, tem-
perance and religious training of the young have shared its benevolent
care.

We have mentioned that this church was by vote of the town, enti-
tled to occupv the old meeting-house a certain number of Sabbaths in
each year. In 1825, the congregation erected a church edifice, the first
building in the town dedicated wholly to religious purposes. This house
of worship served the society for 65 years, when the present church was
built, and dedicated. It contains rhanj- features which are indications of
the changes which have taken place as to the view which the church now
takes of its mission in the communitv.

CHAPTER XIV.

Religious History— (Continued).

The Reformed Presbyterian Church. — Organization. — Rev. Alexander Mc-
Leod. — Rev. James AIcKinney. — William Gibson. — "Reformed Princi-
ples Exhibited "—Rev. James Milligan. — Publications. — Rev. James M.
Beattie.— Later Ministers. — The Reformed Presbyterian Church at
South Ryegate —The First or General Assembly Church. — Reformed
Presbyterian Church of Barnet. — Observations. — The Ryegate Ameli-
orating Society.

THIS church, whose members are locall}' known as Covenanters,
was, for nearly a centur}', very prosperous, and for much of its
prosperity it was indebted to the remarkable ability and long
service of its ministers. We have already traced the origin and growth
of the Reformed Presbyterian church in Scotland, and shown that the
Covenanters of Ryegate and Barnet hold as their inheritance the princi-
ples for which their ancestors suffered in the times of the persecution.
We have cited from the town records its relative strength in the votes
cast for and against the settlement of Rev. William Gibson b}'^ the town.
For some years before his coming those who held Covenanting views
associated themselves in supplying the lack of gospel ordinances by mu-
tual conversation and devotional meetings. Among the early Coven-
anters who came here were Hugh Gardner, Alexander Miller and proba-
bly others who gave their support for some years to preachers with
whom they were not wholly in symptxthy.

In 1798, James Whitehill, who has been spoken of as the father of
the Covenanting churches in Ryegate and Barnet, came and settled on
the Witherspoon tract, to which he was followed, two 3ears later, by his
brother Abraham. These brothers, who were men of good education
and deep religious spirit, holding from their 3'outh the principles of the
Covenanters and able to defend them, were the nucleus of the societ}'.

Near the end of 1797, Rev. William Gibson, who had been the pastor
of a church in the north of Ireland, and who, being suspected of disloy-
alty to the British government in the Irish rebellion, and compelled to
flee to America to escape arrest and execution, came to R^'egate, and
ministered to the Covenanting families of the vicinity- through the win-
ter. He was followed by Rev. Alexander McLeod, a native of Scotland,

RELIGIOUS HISTORY. 125

and an earl\^ graduate of Union College, who was destined to considera-
ble eminence in the ministry. Mr. Miller thinks that he was here durino-
several months of 1798 and preached in both R^-egate and Barnet, but
he seems to have had no intention of remaining. He appears to have
won the hearts of the people, and Mr. Miller says that in both towns no
fewer than twenty-four children were named for him. Dr. McLeod was
long settled over a Reformed congregation in New York Cit}^, whose
church occupied the site on which Stewart's great store was afterwards
built.

Toward the end of the year 1798, Rev. James McKinney, of whom
we have before spoken, came, and preached for some months. He was,
like Mr. Gibson, a refugee from the north of Ireland, and encouraged the
people to settle a pastor. A call, signed b\' eight communicants and
moderated probably by Mr. McKinnev, was extended to Mr. Gibson and
accepted by him. He was installed July 10, 1799, as pastor of the "Re-
formed Presbyterian Congregation of Vermont." Mr. Gibson's settle-
ment was by the town, and as the first settled minister, he drew the
''Minister's lot," indicated in the charter of the town by Governor Went-
worth.

Abont the beginning of the centur}' there came to Ryegate several
persons and families who had been compelled to leave the north of Ire-
land On account of complicity, or suspected complicitv with the rebellion
of 1798, and Avho were connected with Reformed congregations in the
old countr\'. These proved a valuable accession to the Ryegate church
to which they contributed influential members during many j^ears.

" For some 3'ears after Mr. Gibson's settlement there were no carriages
in town. The only means of locomotion was on foot or on horseback.
It was not uncommon on a Sabbath morning to see the worshippers
some on foot and some on horseback, flocking to the house of God. A
man and his wife, each holding a child, frequentlv rode one horse. Not-
withstanding these difficulties many who lived four to six miles distant
from the place of worship were seldom absent on' the Sabbath. "

Mr. Gibson lived one 3'ear in the family of James Whitehill, and then
bought the farm on which John Ritchie, who came from Scotland in
1784, had settled, and had partly cleared. He was a very strong
muscular man, who usually worked on his farm during the week, and
much of the heavy w^all on that farm was laid by him, while he studied
his sermons as he worked. His discourses were carefulh^ prepared, he

Authorities. Sketch b^' Rev. H. W. Reed. — History of Presbyterianism in
America. — Mr. Aliller's notes and abstracts. — The Covenanter. — Life of Col.
David Jameson. — Mr. Alilligan's publislied Works. — Letters from Rev. J. S. T.
Milligan. — Letters of Revs. Gibson and Milligan to Gen. Whitelaw. — Personal

information.

126 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

excelled in logic, and as a public speaker was thought to have had no
superior in this vicinity. He was a good classical scholar, and had pupils
during his residence here.

An event of some importance during his ministrj' was the ordination
in the Ryegate meeting-house, June 25, 1800, of Rev. Samuel B, Wjdie
which was, as we have stated, the first ordination of a covenanting
minister in North America. Unfortunately no record account of this
interesting and historic event has come down to us. Mr. Wylie became
very prominent in the church.

Rev. Mr. McKinney, * who was certainly present, was also from the
north of Ireland, seems to have been a classmate at college with Mr.
Gibson, and they married sisters. He came to this country in 1793, and
in 1804 was installed over a church in Chester Co., S. C, where he died
suddenly in September of that year. Rev. Joseph Beattie, a half-brother
of Rev. J. M. Beattie, and long a missionary in Syria, was a grandson of
Rev. William McKinney.

So far as is known, Mr. Gibson issued but one publication while
living in Ryegate, which is entitled :

The substance of a sermon preached at Barnet, designed to expose
some dangerous Errors contained in a Sermon lately preached and
published in this Neighborhood — "When the Enemy shall come in like
a Flood," etc.

In 1806, Mr. Gibson and Mr. McLeod were appointed by the Re-
formed Presbytery as a committee to publish an historical sketch of the
Reformed Presbyterian church, together with a declaration of its prin-
ciples. The result was a volume of 240 pages entitled, "Reformed
Principles Exhibited." The last part of the work is called a " Declaration
and Testimony," and consists of thirtj^-one chapters, in each of which a
doctrinal point is stated and fortified by arguments and scripture cita-
tions, while certain errors under each point are condemned, and testified
against severally. It is, practically, two volumes bound in one, and we
have no means of knowing what portion of either was written by Mr.
McLeod, or Mr. Gibson. The full title of the first part of the work is as
follows:

"A Brief Historical "View of the Church as a Visible Covenant with
God, in two books, the first exhibiting the Church Universal, and the
second the Reformed Presb3'terian Church."

The title of the last part is :

The Declaration and Testimony' of the Reformed Presbyterian Church
in America, t

*Life of Col. Jameson.

t A revised edition was published in 1863.

RELIGIOUS HISTORY. 127'

Mr. Gibson demitted the charge April 13, 1815. His last years in
R3'egate were not altogether peaceful, and in some letters which remain
he expressed himself with much bitterness against some who had been at
first his warmest friends. He appointed Robert Whitelaw as his agent
who sold his farm to Rev. James Milligan, by whom it was sold in 1819
to John Hall. Of Mr. Gibson's later career, and of his remarkable family,
a full account is given in this volume.

Mr. Gibson's successor was Rev. James Milligan, probably the most
talented and eloquent minister Ryegate ever had. He came here in the
fall of 1816, and received a call, being installed September 26, 1817.

Under him the church was very prosperous. He held, also, the over-
sight of the societies in Topsham and Craftsburj-, which increased so
rapidly that they were organized into separate congregations in 1818,
and 1820, respectively. His congregations in Rj^egate and Barnet
doubled within a few years; his eloquence, and the high quality of his
sermons made him widel}^ known. In frame he was large and his com-
plexion was dark, so that he was said much to resemble Daniel Webster,
His eloquence was of the sledge hammer variety, says Mr Miller, and his
sentences were ponderous and weighty. He was one of the earliest
abolitionists, and his utterances upon the subject of slavery were of no
uncertain kind. Mr. Milligan was a fine classical scholar, and taught
school while in Ryegate, also had private pupils. In his teaching he was
severe and exacting, but thorough. In the pulpit he was at his best, and
he often held his audience for hours. He introduced the order of Deacons,
and attempted to substitute singing of the psalms by rote, for the time
honored practice of "lining out." In this old way the precentor read one
line of the psalm, which the congregation sang after him, then another
line, and so on. This custom originated in old days, when books were
few. Later, the precentor read two lines instead ot one. Mr. Milligan's
atteinpted innovation created an opposition which led, it is said, to his
resignation.

At a congregational meeting held about that time to discuss the pro-
posed change, an old Scotchman took the floor and said, " that he could
stand some things which had been done in the church as they would soon
be forgotten, but when it came to singing the psalms out of a book
he drew the line." "If," said he, "we begin to sing the sawms out of the
book, next thing we shall have Watt's hymns and alter that the devil ! "

This controversy lasted during many years, as the Barnet Session
records contain the following:

Jan., 1827.
A paper being presented with a number of signatures praying that
the Session would sanction the mode of singing the psalms in the congre-

History of Presbyterianism in America.

128 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

gation without reading the Hne, a motion being made that it was not
expedient at present to grant that request, and that opportunity be
given to those who are opposed to the above mode, to give in their
reasons.

Mr. MilHgan, however, persisted in the innovation, but made enemies
by doing so. During his ministry the Walter Ilarvev Meeting-house was
built in Barnet. Before that time they had worshipped in private houses,
and in a barn in the Roy neighborhood.

Mr. Milligan was a frequent contributor to the religious press of his
time, but onl}^ two publications have come down to us.

"A Narrative of the Late Controversy Between the Associate
and Reformed Presbyterians of Ryegate and Barnet,

B}^ James Milligan.
Danville, Ebenezer Eaton, Printer, 1819, p. p. 136."

In the following year he published, from the same press, " A Plea for
Infant Baptism." He resigned his pastorate, Ma}^ 17, 1839. His
extraordinary ability has been transmitted to a brilliant coterie of sons
and grandsons.

After Mr. Milligan left Ryegate, the congregation was supplied a part
of the time by several ministers whose names have not come down to us.
Mr. Milligan's logical successor was his namesake. Rev. James Milligan
Beattie, who came here late in 184'3. He was a graduate of Union
College, completing his theological studies in Scotland. He was ordained
at Coldenham, N. Y., by the New York Presbytery, May 28, 1844,
and installed in the Barnet meeting-house, over the congregations of
Ryegate and Barnet, on the 20th of the next month, by a com-
mission of Presbytery consisting of Revs. S. M. Willson of Craftsbury,
J. M. Willson of Philadelphia, and Andrew Stevenson of New York
with ruling elders, William McLaren, Josiah Divoll, and Jonathan
Coburn. "Mr. Beattie was considered as of more than usual ability as a
preacher, pre-eminent in pra3'er, and an excellent manager of his people.
He was a very close student, writing out his sermons in full, and com-
mitting them to memory. He preached one Sabbath in Ryegate and the
next in Barnet, and did not miss a Sabbath in 38 ^-ears, a wonderful
record. He was, for many years, a trustee of Peacham Academ3^"

Mr. Beattie was identified with Ryegate for forty 3'ears, and enjo\'ed
the confidence and esteem of the entire communit3', and the adjoining
towns. He contributed largely to the press, but left no published work,
except an historical sketch of the town for Miss Hemenway's Gazetteer.
His deliver}' was attractive, his discourses scholarly' and clear, and in the
preparation of funeral sermons had few superiors.*

*Mr. Miller.

RELIGIOUS HISTORY. 129

He was stricken with paralysis in the pulpit on the Sabbath, Jan. 29,
1882, and failed steadil}- till his death, March 9, 1883, having resigned
his charge several months before.

In his pastorate the old meeting-house on the hill was abandoned for
a new and more modern edifice, built in 1850, jointly with the Gibson or
Synod party of the Associate church, and which, in 1862, became the
entire property of the Reformed congregation. It contained fifty-two
pews, and made a Sabbath home for the church until destroyed by fire.

Mr. Miller computes that at Mr. Beattie's accession, there were 113
members, and that 346 members were connected with the church during
his pastorate, in which he solemnized 102 marriages.

Mr. Beattie's successor was Rev. Hugh W. Reed, who was ordained
and installed, Jan. 19, 1883, resigning Sept. 21, 1886, to become prin-
cipal of an Academy in Alabama. Mr. Reed married his wife in Ryegate.
and a more complete account is given elsewhere of his labors and family.
He was succeeded in December, 1888, by Rev. W. A. Pinkerton, who
demit ted the charge two years later, and the church has since been
attached to the Barnet congregation, under •the charge of Rev. D. C.
Paris. On the 16 ch of August, 1890, the church edifice, which had been
the home of the congregation for nearly fifty years, was destroyed by
fire. The church has been greatly reduced by deaths, removals, and
transfers to other congregations, and there now remain but seventeen
members, a small but faithful remnant of what was once an active and
successful congregation.

Mr. Gibson and Mr. Milligan acted as session clerks during their pas-
torates, but the earliest records disappeared many years ago. It is
believed that James Whitehill and Hugh Gardner were the first elders.
Alexander Miller has been mentioned as an elder, but Edward Miller
does not speak of him as one. John Hyndman and James Caldwell, with
Mr. Whitehill are named as elders in 1824, with Samuel Allen " Assistant
Elder." This is the first entry in the earliest existing records. Later,
James Buchanan is mentioned as a "ruling elder." In a notice of Jona-
than Coburn, Rev. Mr. Beattie stated that he had been an elder about
forty years at his death in 1860. John McLam was chosen an elder
about 1835, and William McLaren is mentioned as holding the office
about that time, and for many years afterwards. Robert Dickson was
also an elder, but the date of his ordination does not appear. Robert
Dickson, Jr., and James McLam were ordained Nov. 26, 1867, and John
McLam, Jr., ordained deacon. On Sept. 18, 1886, John H. Welch and
Robert H. Gates v^^ere ordained as ruling elders, and at the same time
James M. Doe and James W. Eastman were ordained deacons.

Mr. Miller gives as session clerks after Mr. Milligan: William Mc-
Laren, William Bone, Duncan Ritchie and Robert H. Gates.

130 history of ryegate, vermont,

The Reformed Presbyterian Church at South Ryegate.

During the pastorate of Rev. James Milligan over the Reformed Pres-
bj'terian congregation of R3'egate, a division arose in that branch of the
Presb\'terian church with which the Ryegate congregation was, and is
still connected, respecting the use of the elective franchise. One party
maintained that those who took oaths, under the constitution of the
United States, contrary to the expressed principles of the Covenanters,
and voted at town, state, and national elections, ought to be subjected
to the discipline of the church, while the other party maintained that
such exercise should be a matter of forbearance. Those who held the
latter view increased in numbers, and the ultimate result was the
formation of two separate synods, each claiming to be the synod of the
Reformed Presbyterian church. This division occurred in the year 1833.
The influence was soon felt in Ryegate, and there w^ere those in Mr.
Milligan's congregation who dissented from his views regarding the
federal government under the constitution, and after his removal the
division increased, till, in 1843, the congregation was divided, those who
held the more advanced views being called New School Presbyterians,
and, locally, as the "New Lights." This division, like most religious
divisions, was accompanied with some bitterness of feeling and ex-
pression.

The new congregation was recognized as the Reformed Presbyterian
Congregation of Ryegate, in connection with the General S3^nod of the
Reformed Presb3'terian Church in North America.

As nearly as can now be ascertained, the first meeting of the new
session was at Dr. Perry's house at the Corner, Aug. 11, 1843. Dr.
Perry, who was one of the leaders in the new movement, had been more
than once under censure for having been present at an election, using his
influence in favor of a particular candidate, although it does not appear
that he actually voted. The members present were Dr. Perr}^ Robert
Svmes, John McClure, and William Buchanan. Rev. Dr. Wylie, who was
present, took the chair as moderator. Dr. Perry was chosen clerk. Rev.
Dr. McLeod was present, and took part. Jean Buchanan, James
McClure, Thomas Smith and Martha Jane Donaldson were admitted to
membership in the church. The session was adjourned with prayer by
Dr. McLeod. The second meeting of the session was held Feb. 8, 1S44,
with Rev. S. C. Beattie as moderator. On the 5th of January following,
a meeting was held, with Rev. Gifford Wylie in the chair.

There is no record of any other meeting of session until Aug. 30,
1847, when one was held at the house of John McClure. About a year

Authorities. Historical sketch by Rev. John Bole, in 1861. — Sketch by Rev.
W. A. Pollock. — Mr. Miller's notes. — Session records, and personal information,
by Rev. Wm. Wylie and others.

il^EY.W.J.mcDOWELL

^1^EV.J./1.A\^ARrHl/Rj(

PASTORS K. P. CHURCH, SOUTH RYEGATE.

RELIGIOUS HISTORY. 131

later, a meeting was attended at the "old meeting house," of which Rev.
Mr. Patterson was moderator. On the 30th there was a congregational
meeting, at which a unanimous call was made to Rev. Robert A. Hill to
become pastor of the church.

It is understood that previous to that time, preaching had been held
in the old meeting house at the Corner, and in school houses in other
parts of the town, and in Newbury and Barnet. Mr. Hill was ordained
and installed in 1848, and remained upwards of three years. He was an
able and devoted pastor, generally esteemed for his excellent personal
qualities, as well as for his ability as a preacher. During his ministry the
present house of worship was built. At that time South R3^egate con-
tained onW five dwelling houses, but there was no church building in
that part of the town, and it was also convenient for the attendance of
several families in Newbury who were connected with the congregation.

It would appear that meetings were also held in Barnet, as the ses-
sion met in that town, Sept. 29, 1849, when nine persons were admitted
as members, and on Jtme 19, 1851, at the "Union Meeting House in
Ryegate," when "Peter Buchanan and Archibald Bachop, elders from
Barnet," met with the Ryegate elders.*

Mr. Hill demitted the charge in 1852, and in 1853, Mr. John Bole
came here from Scotland- and began preaching, received a call, and was
ordained and installed December 24th of that year. The congregation
is then mentioned as under the care of the Northern Presbytery of the
Reformed Presb3'terian Church. Mr. Bole was verv successful in his
ministry, and was considered one of the most able ministers in this part
of the s.tate. A more complete account of Mr. Bole and his family ap-
pears later. He resigned his charge June 2, 1862. At that time there
were 135 members on the church roll.

Rev. Wm. J. McDowell began his labors early in the following year,
and was installed June 17, 1863, and began a faithful and successful min-
istry of ten 3'ears, resigning in 1873.

During the interval between his resignation and the installation of
Rev. J. H. Kendall, Julv 13, 1876, the church was supplied by several
ministers, and in that time occurred the disruption and the formation of
another church, to which over 30 members withdrew. Mr. Kendall's
ministry was a successful one, and closed Jan. 1, 1886. Later pastors
have been: Rev. Samuel A. Jackson, Jan. 1, 1892 -May 1, 1901; Rev. J.
H. McArthur, 1901-1905; Rev. Wm. A. Pollock, July, 1907, to date.
With the possible exception of Mr. Hill, more complete sketches of each
of these ministers will be given later.

* Note. The Barnet congregation was organized in 1847 and Mr. Bole was
ordained pastor of ''the congregations of R3'egate and Barnet." In 1854 Mr.
Bole demitted the charge of the Barnet congregation, which is not now in
existence. ,

132 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

The first absence of an elder from session meetings in twelve years
was Feb. 12, 1855, when Mr. Symes was absent. In June, 1855, Wm.
McLaughlin and Wm. McClure were chosen elders, and on June 30, 1858,
the name of Andrew Laughlin first appears. Dr. Perry met with the
session for the last time June 1, 1865, having been clerk for 22 years.
Rev. Mr. McDowell served as clerk for three years.

On April 25, 1867, John Smith, Andrew Dunnett, T. J. McClure and
James Dickey were elected. Mr. Dickey was chosen clerk, Aug. 27, 1868,
and served seven years, followed by Andrew Dunnett who served six
years. John McClure was a member of the session 32 years, and there
is no record of his being absent from any meeting in that time.

Oct. 27, 1876, Robert Henderson, John A. Miller, James Renfrew and
Andrew Wylie were chosen. The first mentioned was chosen clerk, Oct.
6, 1881, served about eight years, and was a member of session 14
years.

On March 24, 1889, Andrew Buchanan, Wm. T. George, and Wm. A.
Gibson were ordained elders, and Mr. Buchanan was chosen clerk, serv-
ing 18 years, having been a member of session 21 years.

Feb. 19, 1876, M. F. McDonald, J. D. Grant", and Wm. N. Gilfillan
were chosen, and on Jan. 27, 1910, Donald A. Morrison, James Vance
and Chas. H. Grant were chosen elders. Mr. Gilfillan was chosen clerk
Aug. 17, 1907, and by his patient research we are informed of the names
of the elders and their dates of accession, as far as they can be ascer-
tained. The membership ot the church is now about 80 and it is sup-
posed that about 500 persons have been members of the church. At a
meeting called for that purpose Feb. 3, 1909, the church voted to become
a United Presbyterian church and to enter the Vermont Presbytery of
the same. The change was completed June 8, 1909, at a meeting of the
U. P. Presbytery of Vermont which met at St Johnsbury, W N. Gilfillan
being commissioner acting for the congregation in conjunction with the
pastor, Rev. W. A. Pollock.

The first congregational meeting recorded was held at South Ryegate,
Aug. 13, 1848, at which William and James McClure of Ryegate, William
Graham of Barnet and James Halley of Newbury were chosen trustees.
The present trustees are Tait Ritchie, D. A. Morrison, Edgar Taplin,
George Beaton, F. J. Doe, and George Lackie. William McClure was
clerk of congregation more than eighteen 3'ears, his successors being A.
Buchanan, John Henderson, F. J. Doe, W. T. George and C. H. Grant.
The present Sunday school superintendent is C. H. Grant; assistant, Tellis
Cole; secretary, I. H. Gilfillan ; assistant, Edith Lackie; treasurer, Mrs.
C. H. Grant. The Sunday school is comprised of several departments.
Connected with the church is a Christian Endeavor Society', with a junior
department, and a Ladies' Aid Society, which supplements and amplifies
the general work of the church.

REY. J. J. HALL

rev. wm. s. wallace.
Pastors of Presbyterian Church at South Ryegate.

religious history. 133

The First Presbyterian Church.*

The Youngest church in Ryegate, which is known by the above name,
and locally called the "new" church, was organized by the Presbytery of
Boston, Nov. 11, 1875, and is affiiliated with the General Assembly
branch of the Presbyterian Church in the United States, which is the
largest and most influential of the churches in this country which are
embraced under the name Presbyterian.

The foundations of the church in America were laid b}' Francis Maken-
zie, a native of Ireland, but educated in Scotland, who began his work in
America with the organization of the Presbyterian church at Snow Hill,
Maryland. The first Presbyter}^ was formed in 1705-'06, at Freehold*
N. J., the first Sj^nod was instituted in 1717, and the first General Assem-
bly met at Philadelphia in 1787.

The local church was the organized expression of the desire on the
part of many in the "Old," or Reformed Presbyterian church, for more
personal liberty in worship, especialK' in the offering of praise to God in
the iise of Hymns as well as Psalms. The members of the original ses-
sion were: Samuel Mills, Sr., Robert Dalrymple, James Arthur, Wm.
John Nelson, James Davidson and James Dickey. Soon after its organi-
zation it reported 53 members. At that time Rev. F. S. Finney was sup-
plying the pulpit, and services were held in the depot hall until the erec-
tion of the church edifice.

Rev. John Lo\al was pastor from June, 1878 to Sept. 1879; Rev. Mr.
Boyd was stated supply for a short time; Rev. James VV. Flagg was
installed June, 1882, and resigned in 1887; Rev. Charles K. Canfield was
pastor from 1888 till his death here, March 18, 1891; Rev. J. J. Hall
was installed Nov. 3, 1871, and resigned in- the spring of 1899 and was
succeeded in Jan. 1900, b}' the present pastor. Rev. Wm. Seward Wallace,
who was installed in the May following. More complete accounts of the
life and work of these pastors are given elsewhere.

The present house of worship was erected in the summer of 1880,
and dedicated near the close of the year, the building committee being
Dr. J. B. Darling, George Cochran and James White. In 1885 a congre-
gational meeting appointed James White, M. F. Sargent and Josiah A.
Keenan a committee to purchase land and erect a parsonage, which was
completed under the direction of William J. Nelson, Mr. White and Mr.
Keenan. In 1895 largely through the instrumentality of the Endeavor
Society, under the direction of a committee composed of J. D. McAllister,
Miss Marion Hall, and George Cochran, a commodious vestry was added
to the church. Within the past twelve years the church has been re-

* From Historical Sketch bv Kev. \V. S. Wallace.

134 HISTORY OF RYEGATE VERMONT.

painted, repaired and fitted with electric lights; the vestr}'^ has been
re-arranged and re-fitted, the parsonage renovated, and other improve-
ments made.

Two strong auxiliaries of the church have been the Endeavor Society
and the Ladies' Aid Society. The former was instrumental in building
the vestr}^, and the latter has raised and expended $3,200, more than
one-half this sum within ten years.

The elders chosen at the organization of the church were: Samuel
Mills, Robert Dalrymple, James Davidson, James Dickey, James Arthur,
Wm. J.Nelson. Those of later election have been : 1879, W. J.Hender-
son and Josiah A. Keen an ; 1889, Andrew Wylie, A. H. Park; 1890, F.
R. McColland W.A.Davidson; 1893, H.J. Park; 1896, D. H. Eastman;
1900, Wm. Stephen; 1901, Alexander Renfrew; 1908, N. A. Park;
1909, A. R. Bone.

The first deacons were: W. J. Henderson, T. W. Smith, Robert Nelson,
W. J. Nelson, Robert Cochran and Josiah A. Keenan. Their associates
and successors have been: 1880, George Cochran, Albert Hall, M. F.
Sargent, M. H. Randall; 1883, F. R. McColl; 1889, J. D. McAllister;
1895, William Terry; 1901, Archibald Park, N. A. Park; 1902, Orange
Morrison, Alex. Beaton, Edwin Henderson; 1905, C.K.Gibson; 1909,
Ernest Keenan.

The Sunday School superintendents, with the year of assuming ser-
vice, have been: 1876, James Dickey; 1877, George Cochran; 1884, F.
R. McColl; 1891, Wm. Terry; 1892, N. A. Park; 1894, H. J. Park;
1900, F. R. McColl; 1906, Wm. Stephen; 1907, F. R. McColl.

The superintendents of the primary' department: 1895, Mrs. J. J.
Hall; 1897, Martha J. Park; 1899, Jennie Craigie; 1902, Mrs. G. H.
Roben ; 1904, Mabel Hall.

The Reformed Presbyterian Church of Barnet.

This society, locally known as the Walter Harvey church, is entitled
to a place in the annals of Ryegate, as its house of worship is just across
the Barnet line on the Hazen road. Man}^ of its congregation reside in
this town, and it is an oft'shoot of the Reformed or Covenanter church at
Ryegate Corner. Rev. D. C. Paris, its pastor, has prepared an historical
sketch of the church, and most of the particulars herein given are from
his manviscript.

Before the erection of the church building, services were held by Revs.
Gibson and Milligan in Barnet, sometimes in dwelling houses and some-
times in a barn in the Roy neighborhood. About 1830, steps were taken
for building a meeting-house and a half acre of land was secured from
Walter Harvey who lived directly opposite, and the building has since
gone by the name of the "Walter Harvey Meeting House," and the
burial ground which is near as, the " Walter Harvey Cemetery."

REV. CHARLES KEELER CANFIELD.

Pastors of Presbyterian Church at South Kyegate.

I r

RELIGIOUS HISTORY. 135

The building was framed early in the spring of 1831, much of the
work being given. John Hunter was the master workman. A disaster
occurred at the raising, which was about the 1st of April. The frame of
the body of the house was raised without accident, but when the roof
timbers were piled upon the beams, the latter were not sufficiently
propped, and gave way under the weight; all the men who were on the
frame fell to the ground, mingled with the falling timber. Matthew
Holmes, a promising young man in his 21st year, was so badly injured,
that he died from his injuries, and from unskillful treatment of them, six
weeks later. John Stewart, John Laughlin, David Wormwood, Isaac
Moore and others were badly hurt, but recovered. The building was
completed in that year. It has never had steeple or bell. In 1874 and
1891, extensive repairs were made, the old pews with their doors were
removed, a new pulpit set and other changes were made and the interior
modernized.

During the last year of Mr. Milligan's pastorate, and for thirty-three
years afterward services were held alternatel}^ in this building and in the
church at the Corner, the members owning pews and attending services
in both churches, and the congregation was known as Reformed Presb^^-
terian Church of Ryegate and Barnet. Rev. J. M. Beattie, who lived at
the Corner did not fail an appointment in Barnet for twenty -eight 3'ears_

In the year 1872,. a petition for a new organization to worship in the
Walter Harvey Meet^ghouse was presented to the session, on April 29th
and transferred to Presbj^terj^ as was, also, on May 12th, a remon-
strance against that petition. The petition was, however, after due
hearing, granted by that body and a commission of Presb^-tery met in
the church to effect the organization. Seventy persons who, on July 8th
were certified by the session of Rj-egate and Barnet, together with three
others, were organized July 9th, into a new society known as the "Bar-
net Congregation." Rev. Mr. Beattie remained pastor of the church at
Ryegate till released May 7, 1872.

The elders of the new organization were James and Robert McLam
and Alexander Shields; the deacons were James McLam, William White-
hill and Robert W. Laird. Of the members at least thirty-seven ^vere
residents of R3^egate, twelve of Groton, nine of Peacham, eight of Bar-
net, and five of Monroe, N. H.

The congregation was supplied by the Presbytery for some months,
and in March, 1873, Mr. Daniel C. Paris came, received a call to become
pastor on April 29th, was ordained and installed June 25th, and, still in
charge, has held a longer pastorate than any other minister in this part
of New England. The son of Rev. James and Nancy (Smith) Paris, he
was born near Bloomington, Ind., June 21, 1843, graduated from Indi-
ana State University, 1863, taught one ^-ear in a Freedman's school near

136 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Natchez, Miss., attended the Reformed Presbyterian Theological Semin-
ary at Alleghany, Pa., four winters, and was engaged in home mission-
ary work and the supply of vacant churches till his settlement in Ver-
mont. He married Nov. 15, 1870, Miss Mary A, Russell of Round
Prarie, Minn.

Besides the elders chosen at its organization, the office has been held
by David Lang, William Whitehill, A. W., and J. A. McLam, William M.
Hunter, James Shields and John Gates. The following in addition to
those chosen at the beginning have served as deacons: A. W. McLam,
W. S. Orr, J. R. Hunter, W. A. Whitehill, W. J. Caldwell, J. C. Morrison
and E. S. Manchester. Of the present members thirteen live in Ryegate,
fourteen in Barnet, fifteen in Peacham, and the others in various places.
Robert McLam was clerk of session till Dec. 19, 1879, since which date
A. W. McLam has been clerk.

A Sunday School has been sustained from the first, nearly all the
congregation being members of the school. David Lang was superin-
tendent till Nov. 1, 1875, Robert McLam for some time and since that,
the pastor.

This congregation retains more of the customs of the ancient Cov-
enanter churches in Scotland than any other in this vicinity. The old
Scotch version of the Psalms is sung without accompaniment; the com-
munion service is held twice in each year, consisting of meetings on four
days besides the Sabbath, and "tokens," as in the old days in Scotland,
are still used on those occasions, in which the pastor is assisted by a
Covenanting minister from another congregation. Some of the most
prominent clergvmen in the denomination have been his assistants on
these occasions.

" This congregation has from its beginning always loyally maintain-
ed the dominant principles of the Covenanters faith, viz: That Jesus
Christ is the Head of the Church and Head over all things to the Church,
and that His will as revealed in the Bible, a supreme law for all man-
kind, for the individual, the family, the church and the state, and that
the individual cannot be moralh^ bound by any law that requires the
violation or ignoring of the law of God."

Societies and organizations for the advancement of various causes
there have been in Ryegate from early days. The Ryegate and Barnet
Anti-Slavery Society was in existence as early as 1825, Rev. James
Milligan being President. A temperance organization of some kind was
addressed by Rev. David Sutherland in 1817, according to a report of
the occasion in the North Star, But how many people now living ever
heard of the " Rvegate Ameliorating Society?" Yet such a society did
exist, and was formed Sept. 21, 1825, with Rev. James Milligan, Presi-
dent; Robert Whitelaw, Vice President ; James Whitelaw, Secretary ; Dr.

k. p. church, so. ryegate
Erected 1849.

■ikMHaMallaMMwMbKaiMa

FKESBYTERIAN CHURCH, SO. RYEGATE

Erected 1S80.

NEWYORK
^*C UBHARY

*8TOR, LEWOX AN.t>

RELIGIOUS HISTORY. 137

Eli Perry, Treasurer; with Hugh LaughHn, Miss Mary Orr, James Esden»
Dea. James Whitchill and William Whitelaw as managers. Its records
show that sixty-three persons were members during that year, and $35
was subscribed for the objects of the society. The title of their organi-
zation would seem to imply that conditions existed in Ryegate at that
day which needed ameliorating, and such conditions may still exist. But
we are informed by the constitution of the Society that the object was
the amelioration of the condition of the Jews, although we are not
informed that the Jews in Ryegate were in especially desperate circum-
stances at that date. It seems to have been auxiliary to a parent societ}',
to which the funds were to be remitted. There is no record of proceed-
ings after April 3d, 1826, by which we may suppose that the condition of
the Jews in Ryegate needed no further ameliorating.

This society was, however, the local manifestation of a movement
which was made about that time toward the amelioration of the con-
dition of the Jews in Europe and their conversion to Christianity. A
publication called " Israel's Advocate," had several subscribers among
the members of the Association.

Note. After this chapter was printed the following concerning the building
of the Walter Harvey Meeting House was discovered in the North Star for Jan.
18, 1831, by Herbert H. Roy of Barnet.

"Notice: It is proposed to build a framed Meeting House near the house of
Walter Harvey in Barnet, to be -iS by 40 feet. Any person wishing to contract
for the whole or any part of the building of the same, can see the plan and terms
at the house of the aforesaid Walter Harvey any time until the 28th day of Janu-
ary, instant, at 11 o'clock, -forenoon, at Which time the job will be let. Offers to
be made in Avriting.

Walter Harvey, ]
Wm. Oliver, > Directors.

Wji. Harvey, J

Barnet, Jan. 7, 1831."

Note In addition to the elders and deacons of the Reformed Presbyterian
church records discovers the following: Mr. Miller mentions WiHiam Orr as a
"Covenanting elder," James Heattie was a deacon from a very early date till his
death, Charles B. Hazen was ordained deacon Feb. '2, 1860, and elder Nov. 10,
1372, and at the latter date William Bane and Samuel W. Clark were made
elders. In Jan., 1877, David Lang was ordained an elder, William VVhitchell was
also a deacon and seems to have been chosen in 1869, Duncan Ritchie and John
Davidson were made elders Dec. 5, 1880.

CHAPTER XV.

Social Conditions in Early Days.

Prices of Farm Products. — Cloth axd its Manufacture. — Lumber.— River
Traffic— Taverns.— Stage and Postal Routes.— PassumpsIc Turnpike.
—The Boston and Montreal Turnpike.

THE conditions of life in Ryegate in the earlier days will be better
understood if we learn what people received for what they had to
sell ; the prices they paid for what they must buj' ; what were the
most profitable products of the farms; how, and at what cost these
products went to market ; the facilities and gradual improvement of the
means of transportation both of merchandise and persons, and the
transmission of intelligence.

We must remember that in those daj^s there was little local demand
for what the farmer had to sell; he might exchange, to a very limited
extent, his potatoes, his wheat, or his butter, for the labor, in his own
craft, of the blacksmith, the carpenter or the shoemaker, Ijut there were
only a very few articles for which cash was paid near home. In 1795,
and for some j-ears before and after. Col. Wm. Wallace advertised in
Spooner's Vt. Journal that he would pay cash— hard money— at his store
in Newbur}', for furs, gensing root, pot and pearl ashes. These latter
were commonh- called "salts," and their manufacture has been discon-
tinued so long that few are living who can tell how it was conducted.
Yet the records of a boating compan}^ which operated a century jigo
between Wells River and Hartford, show that a large part of its down-
ward freight was pot and pearl ashes. They began to be made soon
after the settlement of the town, and there v^'as a steady demand for
them, mainly for export.

We must also remember that for the first sixty years after settlement
beo-an there were few large towns in the country and those were widely
apart, and the immediate vicinity of each could supply its demands.

Consequently the people found it for their advantage to raise such
articles as were in demand for the export trade, then rapidly increasing.
At that time, what are now the great grain producing states of the west,
had not begun to be settled, and all the grain produced for export was
drawn from a section of the country which now produces no wheat at
all, and its raising was very profitable even in towns as remote from the
seacoast as Ryegate. James Johnston paid for a farm with the wheat
grown upon it in a single season.

SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN EARLY DAYS. 139

During the wars of Napoleon wheat and flour were in such demand
that four dollars a bushel was paid at Salem, then the great shipping
port of New England.

The farmer usually went to market with his wheat and such other
articles as pork, butter, lard, hides and the like, in winter when the roads
were at their best, with a kind of sleigh called a "pung," of which a few
survive. The}^ were solidly constructed and had a marvelous capacitv
for storage.

With the opening of the western country, and the rise of the great
manufacturing towns, the production of butter and cheese with the
raising of cattle and sheep for market, completely superseded the raising
of wheat.

Cloth, both linen and woolen, was in constant demand, and the
settlers of Ryegate brought from Scotland some new ideas about their
manufacture, especially the coloring of woolen yarn, which caused the
cloth made here to be much sought after. Before the invention of the
power loom and the spinning frame, everything in the process of convert-
ing a pound of wool into its equivalent in cloth was done by hand, and
"fulled cloth," as the finished product of woolen goods for men's wear
was called, brought, in 1810, from $2.50 to $3.00 per yard, and inferior
cloth, or that requiring less skill in its manufacture, in proportion. Con-
sequently it paid to work up into cloth all the wool produced on the
farm, and thus employment was provided for all the family. Even a
very little child could wind quills, the older girls were skillful spinners,
the matrons plied the shuttle, and in many homes the spinning wheel
and the loom were hardly silent from Mondaj'- morning till Saturday
at e'en. Satinett, a kind of fancy cloth, made with cotton warp and
woolen filling, brought from $2.75 to $3.25 per yard. A suit of clothes
in those daj^s cost much more than one does now, but its wearing
quality was of a sort wholly unknown to the present generation. We
have before spoken of the manufacture of tow and linen cloth. Some old
account books show that at Haverhill Corner, in 1800, tow cloth
brought about 37 cents per yard, while of linen the price paid varied
from thirty cents to a dollar, according to its quality.

An account book of a store kept by Thomas Barstow, in 1814, in the
" Franconia House" at Wells River, which appears to have been well
patronized by Ryegate people, gives the cost of many articles in use at
that time, and the prices paid for produce brought in for exchange. A
careful study of its items makes one doubt if the common idea that a
dollar would go further then than two dollars will go now, is strictly
true. Mr. Barstow dealt in dry goods, groceries, drugs, books and
ardent spirits — very much indeed of the latter.

140 HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VERMONT.

The common price of calico was $1.00 per yard, gingham and cotton
cloth 56 cents, flannel $1.00 per yard, and cotton yarn the same price by
the pound. Tea was $1.00 a pound, "loaf" sugar 44 cents, and brown
sugar, and "sap sugar," 20 cents per pound, while molasses w^as $1.67
per gallon. On the other hand, coffee was cheaper than now, as were
boots and shoes, china and earthen ware. Nutmegs were a shilling, or
17 cts. each, a price which must have greatly stimulated their manufac-
ture in Connecticut. Nails were 16 cts. per lb., much lower than formerly,
as machine-made nails were beginning to compete with those made by
hand. Coarse salt was $2 25 per bushel, and raisins 50 cts. a pound.

The usual price for butter was 9d a pound, or 12V^ cts., and for eggs
a cent each in summer. There is no mention of any in winter. The prices
of all articles are given in shillings and pence, and in dollars and cents as
well. Forty years ago the older people "reckoned" in shillings and
pence — six shillings to the dollar. The custom died with them, and to
the present generation "four and six, half-penny," is as unintelligible as
its corresponding designation in Choctaw.

Old account books of early days indicate that only a limited number
of articles were kept by country stores. Indeed, but for the trade in
ardent spirits, the_v could hardly have existed at all. In those days
farmers produced nearly every article they used. The boots and shoes
worn by the family were made from the hides of cattle slaughtered on the
farm, converted into leather at the local tannery, and made up by the
shoemaker, who traveled from farm to farm for the purpose. When
people producd their own flour, their own meat, their own sugar, their
clothing and foot wear, they were independent of the butcher, the baker,
and the candlestick-maker.

There was a demand for lumber, but at prices which seem ridic-
lously small, and the fact that so much lumber was cut and sold at such
low prices indicates the scarcity of money, when people were willing
to work so hard for so little in return. Old growth pine, not now to be
had at any price, sold for about $5 per M , when sawed into lumber.
Shingles were made by hand, and there were men who made a business of
shaving shingles the year round, and these were in demand, both in the
town and for export.

But for lumber, both in the log and manufactured, the only road to
market was bv way of the river. The late Hon. Charles B. Leslie of
Wells River tlius describes the manner of its transportation.

"The boats once used on Connecticut River would carr}' about
twenty-five tons of merchandise, and they went down the river loaded
with clapboards, shingles and the like, and brought back heavy goods
like iron, salt, rum, molasses and sugar These boats were made lor the
use of square sails, set in the middle of the boat. They had a crew of
seven men to projiel them up the river, six spike pole men who worked

SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN EARLY DAYS. 141

three on each side, by placing one end of the pole on the river bottom, the
other end against the boatman's shoulder, and walking back about half
the length of the boat, pushing on the pole. The captain steered with a
wide bladed oar at the rear. Rafts of lumber were made up here, to be
piloted down the river to Hart/ord, Conn., in boxes sixty feet long and
thirteen wide, just the right size to go through the locks at the falls on
the river, singly. There was a saw mill at Dodge's Falls, where timber
was sawed and floated down through the narrows to Ingalls edd}', where
they put six boxes together, making what was called a 'division ' "*

At the present time when the river is only used for the transportation
of saw logs, it is hard to realize that before the railroad was built, a
large commerce was carried upon it.

Wells River was the head of navigation, and from there, after canals
were constructed around the falls, between here and tide-water, boats
could pass to Hartford without breaking bulk, and the river traffic built
up the village. The wharves and other landing places w^ere where the
freight depot grounds are now, and there were several boat builders,
whose yards bordered on the river. Old people can remember seeing fifty
loaded teams at a time, two, four and six horse teams, with produce of
all kinds, from the north country, along the streets. Much of it was
sent down the river, and two classes of boats called, respectively, "pine
boats," and "oak boats," were in use. A mast, which could be lowered
to pass under bridges, was attached to each, and the white sails rising
above the farms, through which the river meanders, formed a picturesque
feature in the landscape.

The pine boats, of which we have spoken, were not very substantially
built, and were sometimes sold for lumber at the end of the trip. They
had no cabin, the crew boarding on shore. In the middle of the boat the
sides w^ere raised to the height of a man's head, and covered with an
awning, tinder which the freight was housed.

Oak boats were more substantialH'- built, and were provided with a
cabin, and bunks for the crew. It took about twentj^-five days for a
boat to go from Wells River to Hartford and return. In addition to the
wages of the men, there w^as a charge of about $4.00 per ton for tolls at
the various canals. In 1823, seven dollars per ton was charged by a
boating company from Concord via. the Middlesex Canal to Boston, and
ten dollars per ton from Boston to Concord.

These figures show why so many farmers went to market with their
own produce— it was the cheapest wa}^ to get it there, and in good sleigh-
ing hundreds of teams from the north country, passed down the Merrl-
mac valley every day. It will be seen that it cost much more to bring
goods here than it does now. In 1816, a merchant at Danville stated in
the N. H. Patriot, that the freight on his merchandise cost him $32 per

History of Ne\vl:)ury, p. 156.

142 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ton. Varioiis schemes for improving the navigation of the Connecticut,
bv means of canals, and the construction of a canal from the Merrimack
valley, occupied public attention for some j^ears. In 1831, a steamboat,
called the Adam Duncan, was built at Wells River, just above the mouth
of the river of the same name. It was sixty feet in length, on the keel,
with a breadth of twelve feet, the guards projecting over the sides to an
entire width of nineteen and one-half feet. It drew twenty-two inches of
w^ater, cost $4,700, and great things were expected of it, but it came to
grief on the second trip. The year before a small steamboat came up to
Wells River, intending to run to Barnet. It was taken through the
"Narrows," but, even with the help of a crowd of men hauling at a long
rope, it was unable to cross the bar. The boat went down the river, and
never came back. In 1832, the steamboat company failed, and, soon
after, people began to talk about railroads, on which it \vas thought
that trains might run at the rate of six miles an hour, in good weather.

In those days, when people went to market with their own teams ;
when merchants kept teams of their own constantly on the road ; when
there were men engaged in teaming, the jeRV round, with their own
horses; in short, the "old stage times," taverns were frequent along the
most traveled roads, and there were several in Ryegate on the "county
road." Inn keepers were, in those dai's, men of good standing and wide
acquaintance, who, owning good farms, provided for themselves a
market for all they could raise. Of course each tavern had a bar, and
ardent spirits were sold, the bar-room being the general resort of the
neighborhood. Mr. Miller sa^-s that the first tavern in town was built
bv Dea. Andrew Brock, a little north of the brick house at the Corner,
but he may have meant that it was the first house built for a tavern,
Mr. Mason saj's that John Grav kept for some years the only tavern in
town, the only one between Newburv and Canada.

In 1796, the town "approbated" for tavern keepers, Josiah Page,
Esq., Andrew Brock, Samuel and Hugh Johnson, and Capt. John Gra^^
In 1797, Nathan Barker Page is first mentioned as an inn-keeper, Jabez
Bigelow in 1798. In 1800, Alexander McDonald was, for the first time,
"approbated" to keep a place of public entertainment, James Esden in
1803, Eri Chamberlin in 1805, Robert Brock in 1808, Nathaniel Smith in
1810. It appears that, a century ago, there were six taverns in
R^'cgate.

The earlier taverns were along the "coiinty road," as the main road
from Newbury- to Danville was called. Until 1792, Orange county
embraced all the state north of Windsor county, and east of the Green
Mountains. In that year Caledonia Count}^ was organized, and Dan-
ville made the countv seat, making it for many years the most important
place between Haverhill and Canada, and the stage center for a large

SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN EARLY DAYS. 143

section of country, so that most of the business and travel was along
this road. There was no road along the river above Barnet till some
years after the revolutionarx^ war, but a road was made from the " Har-
ve}' tract," north of Harvey's Mountain, and the north end of the lake to
the center of the town, thence down Joe's Brook to its junction with the
Passumpsic, and afterwards extended up the river as settlements ad-
vanced. Consequently the Hazen road, as we prefer to call it, was the
main highway of travel and business, numbers of loaded teams passed
along it daily, and, according to okl people, at one period, there were
seven inns along that road in this town.

Mr. Miller sa^'s that the first tavern at the Corner was built b\' Dea.
Andrew Brock, and its site is marked b_v its cellar, a little above the
brick house and on the same side of the road. It was called the " Old
Red House," and had a large patronage. In the course of j^ears several
barns and other outbuildings were added, which have long disappeared.

Mr. J. M. Goodwin, whose memory goes back to 1825, saj^s that
Samuel Peters kept that tavern during many j'cars, succeeding Jabez
Bigelow. After Peter's time it was let to William Morrill and Joshua
Bailey, when it was burned.

The Morrill tavern stand was south of the Corner, under the great
elm, of which there were formerly two. Josiah Page kept tavern there,
as did his son, Nathan Barker Page. Ebenezer Morrill came there about
1820, and it was continued by him and his sons during manv 3'ears.
The Morrills were stage owners and mail contractors. Henry P. Slack
also kept tavern at the Corner in the '40's and there must have been
others whose names are not remembered. Robert Whitelaw kept tavern
on his farm many \^ears, only a depression in the ground is all that
marks the site of the old stand.

A very interesting and valuable book could be written about stages,
inns, post routes and post offices in this part of New England, in da3'S
before the railroad came, and the materials for such a work exist. But
our narrative must confine itself to those facilities which were available
to Ryegate people. It will be understood that in the early years, before
1800, the country was new, and the roads were bad at the best, and
people traveled on foot and on horse back, so it was only the strong and
vigorous who could travel at all, except, perhaps, in winter. People
generalh' traveled with their own teams and it was not until about a
century ago that roads were good enough for wheeled vehicles, and there
began to be a class of people who were willing to pay for being carried
from place to place. About 1809, Silas Ma_v, who was then the mail
carrier between Concord and Haverhill, began to convey it in a wagon,
and any chance passenger as well. When Rev. David Sutherland came to
Bath in 1803, his diar}' says that they left New York City by stage on

144 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Wednesday, spent Sunday in Hartford and reached Hanover on Wednes-
day, just a week on the road. Hanover was then, and for some years
before and after, the head of stage navigation in the Connecticut valley.

The increase of population and wealth in this part of the country is
indicated by the improvement of traveling facilities. Haverhill Corner
became the great stage centre in this region, and Danville Green, as it
was then called, a lesser one. It is not precisely known when the mail
carrier between Newbury and Danville began to convey his mail in a
wagon, in which he also took a chance traveler, or a bundle, or when
that primitive conveyance was superseded by a stage route. In 1810, a
line of stages between Boston and Quebec was in operation long enough
for the proprietors to discover, to their cost, that they were ahead of the
times. But it is certain that as early as 1817, a stage from Danville
to Haverhill reached the latter place on Monday evening of each week.
It seems strange that the "North Star," then published at Danville,
gives us no information about the stage and mail affairs of the time.
These old newspapers are invariably silent upon those topics in which
we are most interested.

The traveler by the Danville stage in 1820 reached Haverhill Corner
after dark on Thursday, resuming his journey at four o'clock in the
morning, to reach Concord about six p. m., in the evening. Another
long day's journey took him to Boston.

A graphic picture of old stage times in the north country about 1820
is given by the late Arthur Livermore in some " Recollections of Haver-
hill Corner," and which we cannot resist the temptation to reproduce.

"The eastern stage left Haverhill on Mondays and Fridays at four
o'clock in the morning. Before that hour the driver went through the
village to knock at the doors from which the passengers were booked,
a.nd with the butt ot his great whipstock failed not to waken them, and
many of the neighbors as well. But they all knew the cause of the din,
and though not without neighborly interest in it, soon composed them-
selves to sleep again. The coaches used were sundry, of abnormal forms,
tentative in the direction of utility and comeliness, rejecting experiments
apparently, and therefore adapted to an enterprise which was claimed
also an experiment exposed to like failure. But the managers were oljlig-
ing toward their customers, were persevering and faithful, and so, in the
distant end successful.

The coach, starting at four o'clock in the morning with the mail, no
larger than could be easily carried upon the driver's arm, and tossed into
its place where he seemed to keep it bv sitting upon it, together with the
passengers arrived at Morse's inn in Rumney for a breakfast that seemed
late. After which it proceeded by Mavhevv's turnpike and that part of
Salisbury now called Franklin, to Concord, which it reached about six in
the afternoon, unless retarded by adverse conditions of weather, spring
and autumn mud, and the like. We were drawn at successive and inter-
changeable teams by Smart, May, and Houston.

SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN EARLY DAYS. 145

Smart was accounted the best whip, and proud of the distinction,
upset his coach, and was run away with by his horses more frequently
than the rest. Col. Silas May was of serious demeanor like a deacon,
but not otherwise remarkable, but, finally, to escape trouble in some for-
gotten form, ran oif. But Houston witched the world by means of an
immensely long tin horn, which announced the coming of the stage, as it
w^ere a band of music.

I shall not forget the gamut of that amazing instrument, the tramp
of the four steaming horses, the rattle and creak of the coach, and the
jingle of the chains and other gear as the man drove by us boys who had
gone out on a summer's evening to meet it. We had been released from
school, had our tea, and the cool and tranquil evening which disposed us
often to that quiet pastime, took effect apparently with the older gen-
eration that failed not to be represented at the Grafton Hotel."

The fathers and grandfathers of many Ryegate people were passengers
in these old coaches, under the care of these drivers, ninety years ago.

The first letter received by James Whitelaw, from Scotland, after his
arrival in Ryegate, is thus addressed —

Mr. James Whitelaw,

Land Surveyor in North America,
At Ryegate on Connecticut River,
To the care ofCapt. Moses Little,
Merchant at Nen'hury Port,
To be forwarded to the care of Col. William Wallace,
Merchant at Newbury, Coos.

During the revolutionary war, letters from Scotland were sent by
way of Holland. Those from Ryegate to Scotland were sent from New-
buryport as opportunity offered. Letters preserved indicate that about
one-half of the former reached their destination, and about one-third of
the latter. Letters were also sent from Scotland, by persons coming to
join the colony. After the war, correspondence became more frequent,
and was less interrupted.

Before the war, all letters were conveyed to this part of the country
by private hands, as there were no post oiBces, or mail carriers, except
along the sea coast. In 1776, a post rider was appointed by the Council
of Safety to go from Portsmouth to Haverhill, once in two weeks, by
way of Plymouth, and return by Hanover and Keene. This service was
intended for the conveyance of military information, but the carrier, John
Balch, who performed the service faithfully for seven years, was allowed
to carry private letters for a small sum. This was the beginning of the
postal service in this part of New England.

At that time, and for some years afterward, it took from three to five
days for a letter to come here from Boston, and a week to come from
New York. In 1807, it required eight weeks to bring a letter from Ohio.
Postage upon letters was very high, a shilling, or 17 cents from Boston,

146 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Is. 6*^, or 25 cents, from New York. Few letters were prepaid, and men
who held much correspondence by mail, often made a written agreement
as to how the postage should be divided.

Comparatively few letters passed through the mail, most were sent
by private hands, and a man going to any particular place, was expected
to let people know before hand, that they might send letters by him.
This was illegal, and stringent laws were enacted against the practice,
but juries would not convict, and the government could not enforce its
laws. About 1820, postage was reduced, so that the lowest rate was
six cents; above thirty miles, ten cents, above eighty miles, ninepence,
and so on, till letters going over 400 miles paid twenty-five cents. In
1846, postage was reduced to five cents for distances under 300 miles,
and ten cents between places more distant. In 1800, and probably for
many years afterward, letters from Scotland were prepaid to the
American port of landing, and then forwarded, the postage for the bal-
ance of the journey being collected at its termination. Most of the
letters from Scotland, which are preserved, seem to have been brought by
private hands.

In 1785, a mail carrier was appointed by the state to travel from
Brattleboro to Newbury once a week, receiving two pence, hard money,
per mile, for the service. This route was discontinued north of Hanover
in 1791, but one was established by the state of New Hampshire, which
extended to Haverhill. In 1795, the federal government assumed control
of the mail service, and established post offices at Haverhill and Newbury,
The service was a weekly one, and the office at Haverhill was kept
by Capt. Joseph Bliss, at his inn, where Dr. Leith now lives, and that at
Newbury, by Col. Thomas Johnson, in his house at the Oxbow now the
residence of Henry K. Heath.

On Sept. 1, 1799, a mail route went into operation between Newbury
and Danville, once a week. Gen. James Whitelaw was the first post-
master in R3^egate, Samuel Goss at Peacham, and David Dunbar at
Danville. It was not till 1810, that a post office route was established
beyond Danville. Jacob Fowler was the first mail carrier. Robert
Whitelaw succeeded his father as postmaster, and kept the office at his
house. William Gray was the next incumbent, where G. G. Nelson now
lives, and his successors were Alexander Harvey, George Cowles, Alexan-
der Cochran and John A. McLam, all in the store at the Corner.

After the railroad w^as completed to St. Johnsbury the stage from
Wells River to Danville was taken off, and the stage from Wells River to
Groton went around by Ryegate Corner, and there was no office at Bol-
ton ville. In 1865, the latter office was re-opened, and the Ryegate mail
was brought up from Boltonville for some years.

SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN EAELY DAYS. 147

It took people some time to get adjusted to the new way of having a
post office in their own town, as witness the following among the John-
son papers at NewburN^ from the Ryegate minister: —

Mr. Johnson.

Sir: I have been astonished whv nn- newspapers did not come forward
regularly since I came here, as the\^ came regularly in the other parts of the
Union. I begin now to conceive it is because that when I did not know that the
Post went further than Newbury, I directed them sent to the care of Mr. Wallace,
as the place whence I could expect them most regularly, but as there is now a
Post Office in this township, you will oblige me much if you send them forward to
Mr. Whitelaw's until I shall be writing to Philadelphia, and I shall order them to
be directed to m3'self. I expect. Sir, you will be so kind as to send them right
forward by Mr. Fowler to me for the future and oblige your Humb'l. Serv't.,

W.M. Gibson.
Ryegate, July 18, 1800.

Newspaper postage was very high. In 1799, the postage on the
Portsmouth Chronicle to R3'egate was $1.75 per annum, on the Con-
necticut Courant 85 cents, and on the Boston Centinel $1.50. In 1798,
Col. Asa Porter of Haverhill paid $2.60 postage on the General
Advertiser, printed twice each week at Philadelphia. As late as 1817,
Rev. Mr. Lambert of Newbury' had to pay 78 cents postage on the
Boston Recorder. The lowest rate of postage on newspapers was one
cent on each copy, for distances less than 100 miles.

When it cost eight cents or more to send a letter, and only one cent
to send a newspaper, people contrived to communicate with each other
at small expense, by sending a paper in which letters and words were
marked, which read consecutively, made sentences.

The first newspaper printed in this part of the Connecticut valley
was the Orange Nightingale and Newbury Morning Star, which was pub-
lished for a few months in 1796, by Nathaniel Coverly, Jr. No complete
copy of a single number is known to be in existence, but part of a single
number, for Aug. 25, is preserved. The enterprise was short-lived, and
the t_vpe and fixtures were sold to Farley & Goss of Peacham, and used
in the publication of the first paper in Caledonia County, called the ''Green
Mountain Post.'' This paper was also short-lived, and the materials
were taken to Danville, and used in starting the "North Star," in 1804. ^

The postage on newspapers was so high that country editors found
it for their advantage to have their papers distributed by private
carriers, and the fragment of the Newbury paper, owned by the library
at that place, contains the following notice:

New Post.

Phillip Rawlins proposes riding as Post thro the towns of Reigate,
Barnet and Peacham, in each of which towns any person who wishes to

148 HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VERMONT.

become a subscriber for the Orange Nightingale will be supplied at the
moderate price of ten shillings per annum. In Duesburg, (Danville)
Cabot, Walden and Hardwick at Twelve Shillings, and through Greens-
borough and Craftsborough for Fourteen Shillings per annum. Those
persons who will please to favor him with their commissions may depend
on having their business strictW attended to. Newbury, Aug. 25, 1796.

The last sentence means that the post rider also executed commis-
sions, carried letters and parcels, and as this was three 3'ears before there
was any post office or mail route north of Newbury, Phillip Rawlin's
service, however brief, was the beginning of postal service in the north
part of the state. For many years after its establishment the Danville
North Star was distributed by carriers.

In the last decade of the 18th centur}^ the rapid development of the
towns in the valley above Barnet demanded better facilities for trans-
pc/rtation through that town and Ryegate, to the head of water naviga-
tion at Wells River. The unwillingness of both towns to tax themselves
for the building and maintenance of expensive roads, mainly for the
benefit of other towms, and the outcome of certain suits at law, for
damages resulting from bad roads, led to the formation of the
Passumpsic Turnpike Company, and the building of the Passumpsic
Turnpike, an enterprise considered in its day almost as great as was
the building of the Passumpsic Railroad, forty-five years later.

That was the age of turnpikes, enterprises which sought to provide a
way of transportation at the expense of those who availed themselves of
it.

The compan}^ was chartered b}- the General Assembly, in 1805, and
consisted of James Whitelaw of R^^egate, Timothy Haseltine, Enos
Stevens and Roman Fyler of Barnet, Azarias Williams of Lj'ndon, Luther
Jewett and Joseph Lord of St. Johnsburj^, Benjamin Porter and Asa
Tenney of Newbury. They were given authority to construct and main-
tain the road, for which service they were to receive tolls for each person,
animal, or vehicle, passing over it, and to maintain toll gates at which
such tolls were to be collected.

Certain specified persons were exempt from toll — physicians, residents
"whose dwellings lay upon the road, persons on their way to or from
church, grist or saw mill, or to do military duty. Later, residents of
both towns were exempt from toll.

The charter was for a turnpike from the mouth of Wells River "as
far as the house of Deacon Twaddle, in Barnet," and to be not less than
18 feet in width.

William Cahoon of Lyndon, Presbury West of St. Johnsbury, Joseph
Armington of Waterford, James Whitelaw of Ryegate, and Thomas John-

SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN EARLY DAYS. 149

son of Ne\vbur3% were the committee appointed to locate the road, which
was surveyed b}' Andrew Lockie. The distance from Newbury line to
Barnet line was seven miles, 121 rods, 15 links. The construction of the
road began in 1807, near the mouth of Joe's brook in Barnet, and about
a mile was constructed in that year. In 1808 the road was completed to
the R\'egate line, when a special act of the legislature granted the
privilege of taking half toll. Later the road was extended, a few miles at
a time, to Wells River. It is understood that about $26,000 was spent
on the road at the outset, and, later, alterations costing about $7,000
were made in Ryegate and Barnet. These alterations amounted to
nearly seven miles, and the result was to give the region a better road
than it had ever known before. Such portions of the roads already
existing as could be utilized, were surrendered to the compan\% and new
locations were made where they would be an improvement. Part of the
road in Rvegate was built by James Beattie, and the huge wooden plow
used in its construction is preserved in the Fairbanks Museum at St.
Johnsbur3^

Mr. A.J. Finla\' gives the location of the turnpike in Rvegate thus:
" It was the same as now traveled from Barnet village to the Ryegate
line, north of the railroad crossing. It ran over the Mclndoe hill by
Hazen Burbank's log house, through the Moore farm, by a house owned
by Mr. Moore, but not by the buildings where the Moores now live. It
then ran by the McCole's, where Elmer Chamberlin now lives, then by the
Pollard's, where Horace Chamberlin lives, then through the Gibson and
Beattie farms (the latter now owned b}^ Wm. J. Smith), passing the
buildings some distance back from where they arc now.

It then passed the Manchester buildings, through the Nelson farm,
now owned by Charles M. Wallace, and then by the Henderson buildings
on the farm now owned by Martin Gibson. It then passed b}^ the place
where the Page's now live, and by the brick house built and used as a
tavern by Andrew Warden, where A. A. Miller has long lived ; thence to
Wells River."

Mr. James Gilfillan says that the first toll gate was on the Beattie
farm, later moved to the place now owned by Martin Turner, between
Mclndoes and Barnet. After a time, and for the last time, it was located
just south of Mr. Finlay's house at Mclndoes. A small brick house stood
there which was occupied by a Scotchman by name of Monteith, who
wove stockings and took tolls.

The location of the other toll gatescannot begiven. The rates ot toll
were changed from time to time, and it is not necessary to follow them.

James Whitelaw was the first clerk and treasurer, and after him
Robert Whitelaw held the same ofiices. Several notices of assessments

150 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

upon the stock of the company are preserved, and later notices of
dividends, which show that the enterprise did something more than pay
expenses. Taverns were opened along the turnpike by Thomas Nelson
and Andrew Warden, and perhaps others.

But turnpikes were never popular, and there was always more or less
friction between the towns and the company. Rj-egate and Barnet
people considered that the road was managed for the benefit of people in
the towns above them, while the latter seriously objected to paying tolls,
and wanted a road built and maintained b}^ the towns through which it
passed. In 1824, on petition, a committee was appointed by the Supreme
Court to layout a new road from Wells River to Barnet line, which would
be made and maintained by the town, a free road. Archibald Park was
appointed to lay a remonstrance before the court. The towns having
either to pav tolls on the turnpike, or build a new road, instructed the
selectmen to make the best bargain they could with the turnpike corpor-
ation, desiring that Ryegate people should pass the gate free of toll, the
town assisting in its maintenance. At the same time the town contrived
to evade the building of the new road, and in 1826, Judge Cameron was
appointed to appear before the legislature with counsel, and have the
Supreme Court report set aside, and the selectmen made a compromise
with the directors of the turnpike. The legislature authorized the pur-
chase by the town of shares in the turnpike stock, and thus secured a
voice in its management, and the freedom of the road to R3^egate people.

Some vears later, a long and costly suit by the town of Barnet, to
recover the cost of building about a mile of highwa}-, upon which, after
its completion, the turnpike companj^ had been allowed to relay its owm
road, was decided against the town by the Supreme Court, reversing the
decision of the lower courts. This tended to further increase the
unpopularity of the turnpike.

Under an act of the legislature of 1839, John Armington and 321
others petitioned the Supreme Court, and a committee was appointed to
lay out a public road through Ryegate and Barnet to Wells River, along
the line of the turnpike, and the committee awarded the sum of $4,000,
to be paid the company, as the value of its franchise. Of this $76.00 was
to be paid by Newbury, $2,094 by Ryegate, and $1,830 by Barnet.
Henry Stevens of Barnet, president of the company, brought suit to
determine the constitutionalit}^ of the law, which, being established, the
turnpike companv ceased to exist.

The decision of the court expressed the situation in these words: "It
cannot escape the observation of any one that the lapse of about half a
century since the granting of the franchise must have made a considerable
difference in the public worth, and the public claims to a free highway."

SOCIAL CONDITION'S IN EARLY DAYS. 151

Another venture, which never got far beyond its organization, was
the Boston & Montreal Turnpike Co., which was chartered in 1809,
whose incorporators were William Chamberlin and Jonathan Elkins, of
Peacham, Benjamin Porter, Asa Tenney and William Wallace of New-
bury, Asa Porter of Haverhill, Micah Barron of Bradford, and Samuel C.
Crafts of Craftsbury, The men behind this scheme were prominent
business men, all the way from Boston to Montreal, who were interested
in opening a stage line between these two cities, and the development of
the intervening country. Several interesting letters respecting the road,
the resources of the northern part of the state and the part of Canada
between Montreal and Kichford, are among the Johnson and Whitelaw
papers. The survey line of the proposed road, b}' General Whitelaw,
beginning at David Johnson's store at Newbury, and ending at Canada
Line in Berkshire, now preserved at Montpelier, is valuable as giving the
precise residence of many persons at that time in the northern part of the
state, as well as showing the location of the Hazen Road, from which
it onW varies in short sections. The entire distatice was 73 miles, and
some of the intervening data are worth preserving. The distances are
computed "from the corner at Mr. Clough's house" (where Mrs. Erastus
Baldwin now lives) in Wells River village, and nine miles and a fraction
brings it to Barnet line, "just beyond Hauhilan's Brook," 10% miles
"to the corner near Peter Buchanan's," 14 miles to Peacham Corner
"where the road from Chelsea to Danville crosses," 20 miles to Cabot line,
28y2to Lamoille river in Hardwick, 37 to Craftsbury Common, 54 "to
Hazen's Notch at the top in Westfield," from which 15 miles brought the
road to Missisquoi river.

But troubles which preceded the breaking out of the war of 1812
the deaths of several who were prominent in the enterprise, together
with several successive "bad ^^ears," caused its abandonment. In
September, 1810, the town was indicted b}^ the grand jury for failure to
keep the Hazen Road in repair, and the town had to raise a special tax
to meet the cost of the repairs ordered b\^ the committee. In 1821, an
act of the legislature declared the road from Wells River through the
center of R3^egate, (the Hazen Road), to be part of a "Market Road"
from Canada, and in 1824, on petition of some inhabitants of towns
north of it, a committee was appointed by the court to alter the road in
certain places, and assess one-half the cost upon the town.

Before the Passumpsic Turnpike Company passed out of existence
people had for several years discussed the project of building a railroad
up the Connecticut and Passumpsic valleys to Canada, and a charter
was granted Nov. 10, 1835, for a railroad from Massachusetts line in the
town of Vernon to Canada line in the town of Derby. No work was ever

152 HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VERMONT.

done under that charter, which became void. A second charter was
granted in 1843, under the name of "The Connecticut and Passumpsic
Rivers Railroad," and the corporation was organized at Wells River, Jan.
15, 1846, with Erastus Fairbanks of St. Johnsbtiry as president. The
road was completed for business to Wells River, Nov. 6, 1848, and with
its opening a new era began for Ryegate and all the north country.
The old and slow methofls of travel, transportation, and the trans-
mission of intelligence had passed. New York and Boston, onl}^ reached
before by long and tedious journeys, were now only a day's ride away.
The telegraph which soon followed brought tidings from far distant
cities.

The change which had come was not perceived at once. It took
people much time to adjust themselves to modern ways; meanwhile the
change went on. The first locomotive whistle heard in the town was the
signal for a new era, and changes, not always for the better, set in.

Work began on the railroad above Wells River, Dec. 17, 1849, trains
began to run to Mclndoes, Oct. 7, 1850, and the road was completed to
St. Johnsbur}^ on the 23rd of November in that year.

The present Montpelier and Wells River Railroad was chartered in
1867, work was begun upon it in the summer of 1871, and it was com-
pleted to Montpelier in 1873. The subsequent history of the railroad is
not a part of the annals of the town.

CHAPTER XVI.

EnrcATioN.

Public Schools l\ Scotland. — Schoolmasters. — The Common School
System in New England. — Early Teachers in Ryegate. — Mr. Miller's
Experience, — Other Factors in Education. — Location of School-houses.
Statistics. — College Graduates Who were Natives of Ryegate.

FOR the beginning of education in R^-egate we must look far beyond
the town itself, and inquire concerning the origin and development
of the public school svstem in Scotland, the manner in which that
system was conducted, and the relation of the schools to the religious
history of the country'.

The first settlers of Ryegate were men of superior intelligence, as w^ere
the class from which they came in Scotland. As evidence of this the
editor of this volume mav say that in the course of its preparation he has
read scores of letters written on both sides of the Atlantic between
1772 and 1815, by man^' persons, and has rarely found a misspelled
word or an ungrammatical sentence. They were able to express them-
selves clearly and concisely on any subject. In this respect they were
superior to the first settlers of the towns around them wliich were
settled from the older towns in New England. It does not follow from
this that they were, intellectually, their superiors, but that their earlier
advantages had been greater. It must be remembered, also, that the
public institutions of Scotland were long and firmly established, while in
New England, at the time R\'egate was settled, the country was new, the
people were engaged in subduing the wilderness, and had just emerged
from a long and costly war.

The school system of Scotland may be said to have begun with the
introduction of Presbyterianism into that countrv, and schools were
established in many parishes before the end of the I6tli century. But it
was not till nearly one hundred years later that a school system, sup-

NoTE. The authorities for the local part of this chapter are Mr. Miller's
notes and published articles, the town and district school records, statistics col-
lected by Mr. Gilfillan, and personal information.

154 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ported by taxation, was made general throughout the country. In the
autumn of 1696 the Estates of Scotland passed the "Act for the Settling
of Schools.''

"It was statuted and ordained," says Macaulay, "that every parish
"in the realm should provide a commodious school house, and should
" pay a moderate stipend to a schoolmaster. The effect could not be
"immediately felt. But before one generation had passed away it began
" to be evident that the common people of Scotland were superior in
"intelligence to the common people of any other country in Europe. To
"whatever land the Scotchman might wander, to whatever calling he
"might betake himself, in America or in India, the advantages which he
" derived from his early training, raised him above his competitors. If he
"was taken into a ware-house as a porter, he soon became a foreman.
"If he enlisted in the armj', he soon became a sergeant. Scotland, raean-
" while, in spite of the barrenness of her soil and the severity of her
"climate, made such progress in agriculture, in manufactures, in com-
"merce, in letters, in all that constitutes civilization, as the Old World
"had never equalled, and as even the New World has scarcely surpassed."

Very much of this progress must be attributed to the high character
and attainments of the schoolmasters in Scotland in the 18th century.
They were, generally, graduates from the universities, who made teach-
ing a life work, and spent their entire lives, from youth to old age, in
instructing the boA^s of a single parish, teaching the urchins their letters,
and in the course of time, thoroughly fitting the most promising for the
universitv. Next to the minister, the schoolmaster v/as the principal
man in the parish. Very likely he w^ould l)e qualified to "take the
pulpit" in the minister's absence. He was almost certain to be an elder
in the congregation, and, if he held a musical gift, the precentor, a man of
great authority in the churches of Scotland. Allan Ramsay thus speaks
of one —

" The letter-gae of haly rhyme,
He sat at the board's head,
Aud a' he did was thocht a crime,
To contradict indeed."

But their stipends were meagre. Even as late as 1813, the salary of
the schoolmaster at Inchinnan was onh' £16, 13s, 4d, or, including fees
and rent, £40 a j^ear. Their attainments were extensive, and many a
one of them understood Latin and Greek as well as his mother tongue.
They were impatient of dullness or idleness, and the progress of the pupil
along the paths of knowledge was apt to be hastened by inducements of
a very substantial character.

EDUCATION. 15 5

Letters are preserved in Rjegate and Barnet which some of the first
settlers received from their old masters in Scotland, which evince an
intense interest in their welfare, and a hope that thev "kept up their
studies." There were a few men in both towns who, despite all the
privations of pioneer life, kept up their acquaintance with the classics.

In the New England colonies the common school system is older
than that of Scotland. In 1634- the delegates of the Massachusetts
Bay Colony passed their ever memorable resolution — "To the End that
"Religion and Morality be not buried in the Grave of our Fathers, it is
" hereby ordered that when the Lord hath increased any Plantation to
"the Number of Twenty Families they shall hire a Master and set up a
"School, and when the Number is increased to Forty Families thev shall
"set up a Grammar School." "The result was," says Green, the English
historian, "that in New England alone, of all the. countries in the world,
every man and woman could read and write." That this was generally
the case is indisputable. But in the struggle for existence, in which most
of the people of New England were then engaged, there must have been
many who had never been able to secure even this beginning of education.

It is certain also that the children of the colonists who were born or
reared in R3-egate had to be content with fewer attainments than their
fathers.

Mr. Miller sa3's that the first public school in this town was kept by
Jonathan Powers of Newbur^y, in General Whitelaw's house, but does not
give the date. Mr. Powers was a son of the Newbury minister,
graduated at Dartmouth in 1790, and died while minister at Penobscot,
Maine. It will be evident that with people scattered all the way from
the Gra}^ farm to Connecticut river, in small clearings connected by rude
paths among the woods, it must have been hard to get children together.
That a school was kept at all, is evidence of the desire of the people to do
the best they could b}' their children.

Who were the immediate successors of Mr. Powers we do not know,
but the few actions of the town referring to schools, show that some-
thing was done. But be3'ond such teaching as the parents could give at
home, very little could have been done in the wa\' of instruction for the
first years.

Mr. Mason says that in 1798, Mr. William Boyle, a learned Scotch-
man, came to R\'egate, and taught school with great success, and also
says that later this gentleman opened a school for the benefit of young
men who intended to teach school, and that all his pupils became
excellent teachers, This would seem to have been one of the first
attempts at normal education in Vermont.

But who was this Mr. Bovle? I find no mention of him elsewhere.

156 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

But in letters written to Gen. Whitelaw, twelve years later by Rev. Wil-
liam Forsythe, while preaching in Nova Scotia, he adverts with pleasure
to the accounts which had reached him of the success of his former pupils
here. As Mr. Forsythe certainly taught school while preaching here in
1798, and afterward became a very successful teacher in Nova Scotia, it
seems plain that Mr. Mason, writing sixty years afterward, was not
correctly informed as to the name.

A man who did such solid work should not have been forgotten here.
A letter written by Robert Hyslop of New York City to Gen. Whitelaw
in March, 1798, speaks of Mr. Forsythe as a native of Dumfries, and
educated at Glasgow University. He would have been a 3'oung man in
Dumfries during the last years of Robert Burns.

It is very hard to obtain all the particulars which we would like to
have regarding schools so long ago, and even Mr. Miller, writing thirty
vears since, confessed his inability to obtain all he desired to know con-
cerning them. The discovery of some letters and records not known to
him gives us a few facts. It is certain that the Rj'egate schools were as
good as those of any town in this vicinity a century' ago. The people
provided only what they were able to pay for, and they certain^ received
more than their money's worth.

Fchoolmasters were invariably employed as teachers, both summer
and winter, until about 1802. "People did not think," says Mr. Miller,
"that a woman could teach school any more than she could mow or
chop wood." But about that time Abigad Whitelaw succeeded in per-
suading the committee to let her try her hand at teaching, much against
their conviction. But she settled the question beyond all future cavil,
and after that school mistresses were generally employed in summer.

A small manuscript volume containing the procedings of school meet-
ings in the " Middle district," from 1809 to 1847, whose successive clerks
were James Dunsyre, John Page, William Gray and George Cowles, con-
veys much information about the schools of that period.

The middle district seems to have had about the same territory as
at present, but was a little larger, embracing part of what is now called
the Hall district. In the year 1810, there were 108 scholars between the
ages of 4 and 18.

The summer school for 1810 began about the middle of May, and
was taught four months of six days in each week for $16, by Abigail
Chamberlin. The board was "according to the scholar." There seems
to have been about 60 pupils. The winter following was taught by John
Gibson for $14 per month. It was voted — "That every person that
sends to School sliall for every Scholar they send find one-half a cord of
good wood ready cut for the fire."

EDUCATION. 157

There does not appear to have been any Superintendent or other
ofBcial chosen by the town, but in Dec., 1811, it was voted that Messrs.
Andrew Millar, Rev. Wm. Gibson and John Cameron should be a com-
mittee to visit the school and examine the scholars.

In the summer of 1812, Ann Wallace, who became Mrs. Wm. Brock
of Newbury, taught the school for the same wages. In the summer of
1813, the same teacher taught tlie school at an advance of fifty cents
over her former salary. In 1814, John Page— called Lame John— taught
the summer school for $10 per month, boarding himself. He was the
schoolmaster for several years, and his meager salary was not always
paid in cash, but partly in grain or other produce. For the winter term
of 1822-3 the teacher's board was bid off by John Hall for 7/6 ($1.20)
per week.

In 1829 the district voted to build a new schoolhouse of lirick on the
site of the old one, and voted to raise $300 for the purpose, $125 to be
paid in cash, and the balance in grain. The house was built in the next
3-ear. It is probable that the schools were conducted and paid in all the
districts in town at about the same rate. From 1815 to 1830, the
teachers board was set up at auction, and bid off for about 87 cents
per week, the teacher to receive that amount if he boarded himself.

The schoolmasters of those days certainly earned their pay. The
school at the Corner was the largest in town, and in winter often 100
pupils were crowded into the schoolroom. How the master could keep
order, or, keeping order have time for anything else, we fail to compre-
hend. The want of uniformity in text-books then, and for half a century
later, was a great disadvantage. Books were few and hard to get;
pupils brought to school such books as the}' had, and the master grouped
into classes those who had the same books. Mr. Goodwin says that
there were always several kinds of arithmetics, with classes in each, and
the same with other books. Often there was only one pupil who had a
particular reading book or geography, and the master had to find time
to hear him recite his lesson singly. One afternoon of each week was
devoted to instruction in penmanship, in which more than half the mas-
ter's time was taken up in mending the pens oi the pupils. Steel pens
■were not in those days, all writing was done with the quill, and it was
indispensable that the master should be skilled in their preparation. He
might be weak in arithmetic, all at sea in geography', blundering in gram-
mar and yet be forgiven, but inability to make a good pen stamped him
a failure. It is now almost a lost art, yet nothing can surpass a well
made quill pen for elegant handwriting.

Mr. Miller's first experience as a schoolmaster at South Ryegate in
the winter of 1844-'5 was, probably, little different from that of any

158 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

other master in those days, and for half a century before. He taught
three months of 26 days each for $10 per month, boarding with his pupils
in proportion as each family sent, the fuel being furnished in the same
manner. " There were 35 pupils. I had six young men among my schol-
ars larger than myself, and three about mj' size. I had no fewer than
twelve different reading classes, from the highest down to those just
learning to read. One boy's reading book was Huntington's Geograph}^
another read from the ' History of Coos.' There were three different
kinds of spelling books in use, two kinds of arithmetics, and three kinds
of geographies. I boarded at thirteen different places and found them
all good ones. There was a farmer in that neighborhood who had scales.
a pair of balances with five stones for weights. On those scales I weighed
179 lbs., while Fairbanks scales declined to allow me cjuite 160 lbs."

The district records which we have cited show that just a century
ago, in the summer of 1810, the district voted "to recommend to the
school committee to hire a woman for four months to keep school the
ensuing summer, beginning about the middle of May." As we have seen
her w^ages were $16 for the whole term.

Mr. Miller mentions by name several young men who were successful
teachers in the "middle district," and adds that so far as he knew all of
them were successful in after life. We should suppose that any young
man who could teach 100 children and young people in one of the small,
rude, unventilated schoolhouses of that day, would succeed in almost an}'-
thing. John Page, commonly called "Lame John," taught that school
several years with marked success. He was one of Mr. Forsythe's pupils.
Mr. Page began to teach about 1800, and was still at his post when
Merrill Goodwin, who has died while this chapter was undergoing its
final revision, was old enough to go to school, about 1825. He went on
crutches, and sometimes used them for the castigation of refractory pu-
pils. Another master, long remembered, was Alfred Stevens, afterward
a D. D., and for more than forty 3'ears the honored pastor of the Congre-
gational church at Westminster West.

It is very easy for us to sa}' that such schools were little better than
none at all, and point with complacency to our modern apparatus of
instruction. But it is safe to sa}^ that our modern school system, with
all its complicated machinery of education will not turn out better or
more useful men and women than went out into the world over the
thresholds of those old schoolhouses. Greater lessons were taught under
those roofs than were learned from Adams' Arithmetic, Morse's Geog-
raphy or Webster's Spelling Book. Learning in a visible form, plain
indeed and humble, was set before children, at a time when their minds
were most susceptible to influence and most receptive.

EDUCATION. 159

The town was entireh^ in one school district till 1795, when it was
voted "to divide the town into two school districts b}^ a straight line
drawn from the head of the pond to the place where the river road
crosses the line between the north and south divisions of the town."
There would seem to have been another district formed before 1800, as in
that A-ear the "west and north districts" reported 98 scholars between
4 and 18 3'ears of age.

In 1800 the town was divided into five school districts which were
called the North, the Northwest, the Southeast, the Middle, and the
Southwest district?. The first and second of these were in the north
division. In 1811, a district was formed out of the central portion of
the north division, and in 1820 the Gibson District was organized. In
1821, after much opposition and a compromise, a district was formed at
Craig's Mills, now South Ryegate.

Mr. Goodwin was told that the first school at the Corner, the
Middle District, was kept in Andrew Brock's house, and the next in a log
house which had been used as a dwelling. The first schoolhouse stood
where the Grange hall now stands. The second, of brick, built on the
same site in 1828, seems to have been tinsatisfactory to man}^ as in
184-6, a vote at the annual meeting to build a new schoolhouse, was
rescinded at a special meeting a week later. In 1840, part of the people
wanted the school divided, but the proposition to obtain new qviarters
for the advanced pupils was voted down. About 1850 a new house was
built on that site which was in use until the erection of the present
building.

In 1899 land for a new schoolhouse and ample yard for a plax''
ground was bought of John Gibson, and a new house was erected and
furnished at a total cost of $2,884. A. E. Lowe was the contractor and
builder, and the completed house w^as decided by the state superintendent
of education, as the best two-room schoolhouse in the state. Photo-
graphs of this house were exhibited at the World's Fair in Paris by the
state.

Mr. Goodwin remembered as teachers there in his 3'outh : John
Franklin, who afterward became a ph^'sician of note; John Bigelow and
Daniel Symes of Ryegate; Albert Spear, Wooster SawA'er, Adna Newton,
Julia Spear and Jane Tucker of Newbury; Ann Barnet and Salome
Stevens of Barnet.

No. 2, the McLam District, was lormed in 1811, and the first school-
house stood on the west side of the road a little south of where Colin
McDonald lives. In 1860, it was moved to the present site, and a new
house later built. This district has suffered greatly from the changes in
population. In 1870 there were 30 scholars, and one deserted farm.

160 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Now there is but one scholar, nine houses abandoned of their tenants,
and its comely schoolhouse stands tenantless before the noble grove of
maples which crowns the hillside behind it.

In the Park — formerly called the Milligan District (No. 3) — there have
been two schoolhouses, the earlier one being about a half mile farther
south.

District No. 4, formerly extended along the river road from Newbury
line to Barnet line, and was organized March 15, 1814, having ten fami-
lies and 30 scholars.

A new schoolhouse was built in 1867. In 1851 the district was
divided, and a schoolhouse built half a mile below the falls on the river
road, which, in 1908, was moved to East Ryegate. This is District No.
10.

In No. 5, the Whitelaw District, there have been two school houses.
The first was about half a mile nearer Wells River, on the Bigelow place.
An early teacher was Jane Johnston, a sister of Mrs. Gen. Whitelaw. She
wrote several tracts and small books, among them a biography of a
little boy, a son of Joseph Ricker, a copy of which, although remembered
by old people, cannot be discovered.

In the northwest part of the town, No. 6, there have been three school-
houses. The first stood, says Mr. John Gates, on the extreme northwest
corner of Lot No. 3, in the 4th range, known as the Holmes place, and
the second house was on the west side of the road, opposite the first site.
The present building is where the road from South Ryegate to Peacham
crosses that from Groton to Barnet. An early schoolmaster in that dis-
trict was Flavel Bailey of Peacham, a noted teacher in his time. Later
school masters were a Mr. Howe, Jacob Trussell of Peacham, Hugh and
Edward Miller, Amaziah Ricker and others.

The schoolhouse in No 7 known as the Gibson District, organized
Nov. 23, 1820, stood at the gate where the road leading to "Rock Rob,"
Gibson's, now James Liddle's, turns off. It was moved to its present site
in 1856.

At South Ryegate, No. 8, a log schoolhouse which was built about
1821, was burned, and was succeeded by another, also of logs, on the
same site on a knoll near Mrs. John R. McAllister's house. Mr. Miller
was in one of them about 1835. "It had a row of writing desks around
the walls of the house, with loose movable benches made of slabs with
the flat side up. Donald Cameron was the teacher that winter." The
schoolhouse in which Mr. Miller taught was what was then called a
"plank" house (with walls of plank) twenty feet square, and stood
where the quarry road now turns from the main road. The house now
occupied by Luther Crow was a schoolhouse before 1 888, and stands on

school building at south ryegate.
Erected 1882.

school house no. 9.
Erected 1874.

EDUCATION. 161

the site of a former one, which was probably the one in which Mr. Miller
taught. There were only five houses where the village stands, and there
were five log houses in the district. The present school building at South
Rj'egate was erected in 1888 at a cost of $2,800. In 1907 another story
was added, costing about $1,000.

District No. 9, often called the Miller District, was organized in 1840,
with eight famiHes and 28 scholars, of whom Edward Miller, Sen , had
nine. The first schoolhouse was a little further west, and on the other
side of the road from the present one, built in 1874. The first school
was taught b}^ Ann Cameron for five shillings (83 1-3 cts.) per week.
The first three terms of school were taught in the kitchen of the old
Craig house.

The population of the town with the number of heads of families
and the children of school age at each census is as follows:

Heads of

Census of

Population

Families

Scholars

1800

406

1810

812

81

263

1820

994

121

420

1830

1119

138

456

1840

1223

151

488

1850*

1606

148

399

1860

1098

164

359

1870

1035

180

280

1880

1047

218

247

1890

1126

221

242

1900

995

224

206

1910

223

One thing must be kept in mind that the law regulating "school age"
has been several times altered. In 1800 and for some decades after,
"school age" was from four to 18. The term has been gradually con-
tracted till it is now from five to 18, which will account for part of the
decreased number of scholars.

The records of District No. 1, show that a century ago the teacher
was chosen by vote at school meeting. Later, candidates for the office
were invited to appear at school meeting. About 1815 it began to be
the custom "to leave the choice of master or mistress with the com-
mittee."

There seems to have been no legal supervision of schools, and no
superintendent was chosen till about 1831. A few years later the cus-
tom fell into disuse, and was not revived till about 1846. Since then

* In the census of 1850 about 400 persons who were working on the railroad
with their families were included leaving the real population about 1200.

162 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

there lias been supervision. In old times the ministers used to look after
the schools. In Barnet it was Rev. David Goodwillie's custom to visit all
the schools at least twice in each year. Mr. Goodwin remembered that
Rev. Mr. Milligan visited the schools regularly, as did Rev. Mr. Pringle.
There seems to have been no examination required by law of teachers till
about 1850.

By a law passed in 1892, the school district S3'stem was superseded
by the "town system," through whose operation all the schools in town
were placed under the supervision of three directors. The change was
attended by some added expense. Thirty \Veeks of school were held in
each district in which a school was maintained. The total expenses for
schools the first year were $2,449.

By a law enacted in 1906, a number of towns were permitted to
unite, and elect a superintendent who should give all his time in expert
supervision of schools. After considerable hesitation the directors de-
cided to join with Newbury, Groton and Topsham in a union knowm as
the " Connecticut and Wells River District." Mr. John S. Gilman of New-
bury, a graduate of Dartmouth, was elected superintendent at a salary
of $1,200, of which $1,000 was paid by the state, the balance and
necessary expenses being paid b}- the towns in proportion to their grand
list. Mr. Gilman was re-elected in 1908, and 1909, but resigned before
the end of the year to take a similar position at Lisbon, N. H. Mr.
Waldo H. Glover of Massachusetts, a native of Groton, was chosen his
successor. In this year Topsham withdrew from the union and Bradford
came in. Under Mr. Gilman's supervision the schools were graded, and
all working in union. The expense is greater, and, while somewhat of
an experiment, it is believed that the results will be satisfactory.

There has never been a high school or an academy in Ryegate, and
those in search of a higher education have had to go elsewhere. Peacham
and Mclndoes Academies have drawn many, and the superior advantages
of St. Johnsbury Academy have attracted an increasing number of late
years. An examination of the catalogues of Newbury Seminary from
1840 to 1860, shows that an average of about 12 students from R^-egate
attended that institution in each year.

There have, however, been private schools in town. Mr. Gibson gave
lessons to private pupils, as did Mr. Milligan, and Mr. Goodwin remem-
bered the latter teaching a select school, probably about 1828, in the old
meeting house. Abigail Whitelaw taught a select school before and after
her marriage. Her advertisement appears several times in Spooner's
Vermont Journal for 1813, by which she undertakes to teach 15 or 20
pupils for $15 per quarter.

EDUCATION.

163

When we contrast the wages paid to teachers in early days with
those paid at present, we must bear in mind that not much was expected
of teachers then, consequently a less expensive preparation was required ;
they were not compelled to pass a rigid examination, and compared with
the w^ages received for all kinds of emplo^'ment the pay was not so low
as it would seem.

It is not claimed that the following list of college graduates who
were natives of R\'egate is complete, but embraces all who can be found.

College Graduates* Who Were Natives of Ryegate.

Cora A. Brock,
John S. Cameron,
Theresa J. Cochran,
Edward Cowles,
Marion C. Flagg,
James M. Dickson,
William G. Ricker,
William J. Gibson,
John Gibson,
Charles E. Gibson,
John C. Gray,
Ernest N. McColl,
May Belle McLani,
Alexander M. M. McLam,
Grace R. McLam,
Lewis H. Meader,
Alexander M. Milligan,
John C. K. Milligan,
J. S. T. Milligan,
Edward S. Miller,
Harry M. Nelson,
John E. Nelson,
Andrew J. Park,
Henry N. Pringle,
Nelson P. Ft ingle,
Albert K. Savage,
John C. Stewart,
John H. Symes,

Middlebury, 1896,
Dartmouth, 1863,
Smith, 1903.
Dartmouth, 1859.
Boston University,
Dartmouth, 1853,
Yale,

Duquesne,
Union, 1852,
Dartmouth, 1910.
Dartmouth, 1878,
Vermont University, 1901,
Boston University, 1897,
Geneva, 1909.
Smith. 1910.
Dartmouth, 1878,
Duquesne, 1843,
West. Univ. of Pa., 1848,
Geneva, O., 1852,
Dartmouth, 1893,
Cornell, 1908,
Cornell, 1910.
N. Y. University, 1863,
Dartmouth, 1890,
Dartmouth, 1897,
Dartmouth, 1871,
Dartmouth, 1873,
Dartmouth, 1830,

Teacher.
Civil Engineer,

Teacher.

Clergyman.

Physician,

Clergyman.

Clergyman.

Teacher.
Civil Engineer.
Teacher.

Teacher.
Clergyman.
Clergyman.
Clergyman.
Dentist.
Civil Engineer.

Clergyman.

Clergyman,

Clergyman.

Lawyer.

Physician.

Clergyman.

* This list does not include graduates of medical, business, or other colleges
for special professions, but only those who have taken a full classical course.

CHAPTER XVII.
Education, and Other Matters.
Factors in Education. — Cemeteries. — Care of the Poor. — Temperance.

IN the preceding chapter we have considered the pubHc schools of R3^e-
gate and their effect upon the successive generations of its inhabi-
tants, with the change and development of the school system. But
there were other factors in education which remain to be considered.
The class of men who were prominent and influential in town from 1800
or about that time, down to the close of the civil war were men who
owed little of the intelligence and shrewdness which they certainly had
to either schools or schoolmasters. We speak here of the men born or
reared in Ryegate, whose minds were formed under other influences than
the men of our time, who had leached maturity, and acquired fixed
habits of thought before the era of railroads, telegraphs, the daily news-
paper, and that knowledge of the world which improved traveling facili-
ties invites.

If we study the lives of the men who were prominent in this town
seventy years ago, and for many years before and after, we find them
men of superior intelligence and well informed upon many subjects
wholly outside their round of personal experience. The Nelsons, the
Gibsons, the Parks, the Whitehills and their contemporaries in the earlier
half of the last century, selectmen in the town and elders in the church,
were men widely known and respected, and it would not be easy to find
their equals among their numerous descendants. Yet all they owed to
schools was derived from a few weeks or months attendance in winter,
when work was slack. The rest of the 3'ear they were hard at w^ork,
and the exigences of farm life developed a facility of handicraft which
almost seems to have passed away with them. There were many men in
Ryegate in those days who could make a pair of shoes or lay up a chim-
ney, could make a wheel or shoe a horse, and turn their hands to almost
any task. These men were well informed upon the events of the time,
and if a few developed eccentricities they were often along lines which
later comers followed to success.

When sent to the legislature, such men, although seldom heard in
debate, were relied upon for their sagacity, clear business judgment and

EDUCATION, AND OTHER MATTERS. 165

"hard Scotch sense." In these particulars they were not diflferent from
the men of their day. In 1830 Charles Thompson visited this country
and attended a session of the legislature at Montpelier. He afterwards
declared that he had never heard, in Congress or Parliament, arguments
more direct, clear and concise, delivered in excellent English, and ex-
pressed both surprise and admiration when informed that of those legis-
lators only a few had received a liberal education, most had only what
the district school furnished, and some had not received even that. Will
our present system of education, with its tendency to train boys for
anything but work with the hands produce better or abler men ?

We may well inquire from whence men of that day in the absence of
much which we term advantages, derived their superior ability. To
answer that question will not lead us far. They owed much to inheri-
tance, and more to association. The greatest factor in a child's educa-
tion is its constant association with intelligent and well informed people.
Another which went far was the habit of reading. Most of the emi-
grants from Scotland brought with them a few books, mainly religious
works. Not the kind which pass under that head today, but solid treat-
ises in which theology and metaphysics were about equally mingled.
The managers of the company in Scotland were solicitous for the mental
welfare of the colonists, and in 1785 among some merchandise sent to
Ryegate, Rev. Walter Young of of Erskine included a package of books
v^ith a letter expressing the hope that they would be well read.

Among the purchases made by Mr. Whitelaw, at Newburyport in
February, 1774, were books to the amount of £3. 5s. Id. and a map of
New England. As the books were for common use of the colonists,
Ryegate may claim to have had the first circulating library in this
state. He also subscribed for the Sakm Gazette, then, as now, an able
newspaper.

Another factor in the training of young people was the instruction
they received on the Sabbath. In early days the ministers of Ryegate
and Barnet were the only men who had received a university training.
It was a liberal education to sit Sabbath after Sabbath in attentive
reverence to the preaching of such men as Rev. James Milligan, and Rev.
David Goodwillie, their contemporaries and successors. The latter was
one of the most learned men of his time and his son and successor had
the advantage over all the other ministers in this vicinity of a year's
travel in Europe. The treasures of their liberal minds were generously
distributed among their people.

Another factor, perhaps the most important of all, was the thorough
training which the Scotch Presbyterians of those days gave their children

166 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

in the Westminster AssembW's Shorter Catechism, in itself a body of
logic and divinity. Whatever else they learned or did not learn, they
were expected to learn that, thoroughly. We may question if the young
men of our day are as well trained for the battle of life as their fathers
and grandfathers who worked hard most of the year and studied hard
a few winter months.

Cemeteries.

The oldest burying ground in Ryegate, often called "The Old Scotch
Cemetery," is on William T. McLam's farm, on the east side of the "com-
mon" land, and round about the grave of Andrew Smith, whose death
and burial are recorded in an earlier chapter. It lies about a quarter of a
mile southeast of the farm buildings, and as surveyed, contains about
two acres. At the time this site was selected as a burying place it was
expected that a future city would occupy the long slope of the hill, and
the level stretch of upland, but as the centre of population shifted to the
northward, the spot was abandoned for a more convenient one, and
although once fenced, has been for many years in a state of utter neglect.
A list prepared long ago by Nancy Brock is believed to include nearly all
the tenants of this secluded spot and is as follows: Andrew Smith, John
Hyndman and wife, Patrick Lang and wife, Mrs. Elizabeth Carrick, Mrs.
McFarland, Duncan McFarland, Hannah (Davis), the first wife of James
Nelson, Janet (Montgomery), his second wife, Daniel Hunt and wife,
Janet, daughter of Wm. Nelson, Polly, daughter of John Orr, infant child
of John Scott, infant child of Hugh Gardner, infant child of James Mc-
Kinley, infant child of Willoughby Goodwin. Thei'e are believed to be
several others, but none of the graves are marked, and the precise loca-
tion of any one of them is unknown. Daniel Hunt was a revolutionary
soldier and the only one buried here. The remains of the first wife of
General Whitelaw were, after many years, removed to the cemetery at
the Corner. The neglected condition of this ancient burial ground calls
for attention.

The cemetery at the Corner is next in age. Margaret, daughter of
Dea. Andrew Brock having died in 1794, was buried on her father's
farm, and in the course of a few years about twenty graves were made
near hers, before the land was set apart for a burying ground. At a
town meeting held Sept. 4, 1798 a committee was chosen "to treat with
Mr. Brock about buying land for a graveyard." His price which was
$60 for the two acres, was thought too high, and the town voted not to
accept it. But an article inserted in the warning for March meeting in
1801, "To see if the town will accept Andrew Brock's offer of a burying

EDUCATION, AND OTHER MATTERS. 167

ground," would seem to imply that he had made a more liberal one.
There is no record of the town's action, but the land has ever since been
used as a cemetery.

This part of the enclosure contains 168 square rods, about one-half
of which is too rocky for use. It was first fenced in 1833, by subscrip-
tion. The lots are not regularly laid out and are without paths or
avenues to separate them.

Thjs part of the cemetery being directly opposite the site of the old
meeting house is often spoken of as the "Old Church3^ard." Mr. Miller,
in 1880, counted 258 marked graves, and 81 not marked. He estimated
that there were at least 60 lost graves, making about 400 at that time.
The "Blue Mountain Cemetery Association" was formed June 20, 1860,
and purchased of George Cowles a piece of land containing 152 square
rods, adjoining the old cemetery on the south, which they divided into
52 lots, with proper roads and avenues. In 1884 there had been 84
burials in the "new" or Blue Mountain cemetery. This association does
not now exist. An addition of 36 lots was made about 1898 and a
further one in 1909 of 27 lots by purchase of land from Wm. Thompson.

This cemetery contains more graves than all the others in town to-
gether, and the different monuments evince the changes of mortuary
fashion for a century and more. The oldest tomb-stones, with one excep-
tion, were prepared by Samuel Ingalls who engraved a death's head on
some of them. One of the oldest stiDnes, that to the first wife of Gen.
Whitelaw, was m.ade by a Mr. Risley at Hanover and the inscription is
as clear and distinct as vyhen .first engraved.

The third cemetery, to -be occupied is on A. M. Whitelaw's farm and
is called the " Whitelav/ cemetery," although none of that family were
ever buried in it. The first burial there was that of Elihu Johnson in
1811, and the last was James Taylor, who died in 1834. This graveyard
which is just half way between Wells River and Ryegate Corner, is
a few rods from the road, near the "old cider mill," and contains 30
or 40 graves. The graves of Er. Chamberlin and his wife are the only
ones that were ever marked. Elihu Johnson and Er. Chamberlin who
were revolutionary soldiers, and John Sly who served as a privateer are
buried here.

The fourth or West cemetery is on the road from South Ryegate to
Peacham," a few rods south of the line between the north and south divi-
sions of the town, and half way from the Newbury line to the Barnet
line. This cemetery was taken from the farms of James and Robert Hall,
and contains 66 square rods. The first burial was in 1820, "In the
extreme northwest corner is the unmarked grave of Mary Dunn, a beau-

168 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

tiful and intelligent girl, who, in grief and despair, took her own life in
1825, on the farm of her uncle, Daniel Wormwood. The most convenient
and proper place for her last resting place was the Old Churchyard. But
on account of the rank superstition and iron clad prejudice existing at
that time, the town authorities would not allow a suicide to be buried
there, so the procession had to go on the old stage road to the forks in
Dow village at Barnet line, then up past Hunter's and Holmes' and down
past Caldwell's to the West cemetery there being then no cross road
back of Blue Mountain. Mary Dunn was from Maine, and not related
to the Ryegate Dunns."* The West cemetery, being on private land, was
not under the jurisdiction of the town authorities. James Smith, a
Captain, and Hugh Laughlin, a Lieut. -Col. in the Irish rebellion of 1798,
are buried here. Mr. Miller states that in 1880 there were 19^ visible
graves in the cemetery, which is sometimes called the " Hall burying
ground," and there have since been 4-1 burials, according to Mr. John
Gates.

The older cemetery at South R^'egate has been in use 55 years, the
first burial being that of Warrington, son of John A. Miller, Jan. 10,
1855, on land belonging to the estate of David Bone, and contains three-
fourths of an acre. There are 48 lots, Ijesides paths and driveways. It
was conveyed by William Nelson of Newbur\\ guardian of the minor
children of David Bone, to 36 persons, a tew having two lots, and six
were reserved for public use. In June, 1883, there were 147 graves and
many have since been added The new cemetery at South Ryegate wa.s
laid ovit by the selectmen in 1883, on land purchased of Charles Exley,
and contains four acres.

Many former residents in the northwest part of the town are buried
in the Walter Harvey cemeter}^ a few rods over the Barnet line on land
given by Hon. Walter Harve}', and a short distance south of the church
known for almost eighty years as the " Walter Harvey Meeting House."
This burying ground, which contains about half an acre, is owned and
cared for by an association. In 1895 it contained 119 marked graves.
Many of the Whitehill, Dunn, McLam, and Hunter families are buried
here.

A cemetery in which no burials have been made for some j-ears lies
half in Groton and half in Peacham, on the old road between the two
places, and a short distance from where Rj-egate and Barnet corner on
these towns. The spot is very solitary. Some of the Whitehills are
buried here as well as other R3^egate people and there are many unmarked

• Mr. Miller.

EDUCATION, AND OTHER MATTERS. 169

graves. Flavel Baile}', a noted schoolmaster, was buried here in 1847.
Here Hes the dust of Capt. Ephraim Wesson, a noted man in his day. He
was born in Groton, Mass., in 1721, served with great efficiency in the
Old French War, being a captain in Sir William Johnson's expedition,
1755, also in that of Gen. Abercrombie's. He was at the siege of Louis-
burg in 1758, and served in 1759 under Gen. Amherst. He was an early
settler of Haverhill, and member of the Congregational church at New-
bury, was also a member of the Provincial Congress at Exeter, and did
efficient service in the revolutionary war. After the war he settled on
the southeast corner lot in Peacham, where he died in March, 1812.
"He was a brave and efficient officer, and was highly esteemed; a man
of Puritan mould and principles." He has many descendants and his
grave should not remain unmarked.*

A growing interest in these last resting places of the dead is evinced
by the care which has succeeded an earlier neglect, and which is largely
owing to the annual visitation of the veterans of the Civil War in which
the graves of their comrades, and soldiers of the older wars are marked
by flags and flow-ers. In March, 1900, the town voted to place its ceme-
teries under the care of five commissioners, as provided by law. These
serve without pa}', and one member is elected each year. They have the
general oversight of the cemeteries, convey lots by deed, hold in trust the
money received from sales of lots, and are intrusted with the investment
of funds which are given for the care of particular lots. The members of
the original board were Wm. N. GilfiUan, N. H. Ricker, A. M. Whitelaw,
W. D. Darling and C. L. Adams. In 1910 the members were Hermon
Miller, W. T. McLam, Geo. Cochran, C. L. Adams and Wm. N. Gilfillan.
Care is taken to secure members who reside in the vicinity of each ceme-
tery. On Jan. 1, 1910, the fund with accrued interest amounted to
$1072.57.

There were a few burials upon farms in different parts of the town,
but the custom of farm burial never prevailed in this part of New
England.

The poor we have alwa^-s had with us, and the care of such persons
as have been wholly or in part objects of public charit}^ has cost the
town quite a large sum. At the first town meeting ever held in R^'egate,
Patrick Lang and John Shaw were made overseers of the poor, and to
their successors in office the task of providing for the shelter, food and
clothing of such as were unable to care for themselves, has been intrusted.

* See also Miss Hemenwav's Gazeteer, Vol. IV, pp. 1150-1157.

] 70 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

A town is required to support any citizen in want who is a legal resi-
dent, and there lias ever been a desire to shift the support of any pauper
upon some other town, when possible, and thus ease the tax paver of the
burden. In early days there was a legal proceeding frequently resorted to
called "warning out of town." This consisted in serving by the consta-
ble upon any newcomer who might become a town charge a notice of
which the following is a sample:

State of Vermont, \ To either Constable of Ryegate in said County,
Caledonia Co. ss / Greeting:

You are hereby commanded to summon A. B. and family, now residing in said

Ryegate, to depart said town. Hereof fail not, but of this precept and your

doings thereon, due return make according to law. Given under our hands at

Ryegate this 26th day of Feb. A. D., 1811.

Tames Esden, 1 c i ^ r o j-

K^^.r u^ ^^„^„ , I Selectmen ot Ryegate.
Alex. Henderson, j ■' ^

This precept was read in the hearing of the person or head of a fam-
ily who might become a town charge, and that person or family could
not thereafter claim legal residence or be entitled to support. This pro-
cess was profitable to the town officials, as the constable received a shill-
ing for serving the warrant, and six cents for each mile traveled, while the
town clerk received a shilling for recording the precept and the consta-
ble's entry of service.

The first of these warrants is dated in 1783 when John Alexander
Sapel and Anna his wife were warned to depart out of town within
twenty da^'S under penalty of being carried out. Of John and Anna we
hear no more. Presumably they " went out and staid out." In 1787
two families were warned to depart, but the practice does not seem to
have been in force again till 1810. From that time to 1817 when the
law was altered, there were 77 such warnings. One of them includes
eleven persons. It is noticeable that there are only three Scotch names
in the list. Mr. Miller says that in 1816 the son-in-law of a prominent
citizen, with his family, was warned out of town, and the "Squire,"
justly^ incensed, contrived to make things very uncomfortable for the
selectmen in consequence. In 1813 the town instructed the selectmen to
call upon certain families, "and let the children work- out that can earn
their living, and for the others pay for their support in the most prudent
manner possible."

The town meeting in 1818 provided a very unique method for the
support of the poor:

Voted, a tax of one cent on the dollar of the list of 1817 to be paid
in wheat, r^'e, or oatmeal at the house of Alexander Miller on the first

EDUCATION, AND OTHER MATTERS. 171

Monday of May next on which da}' the selectmen and collector are to
attend at said place and receive said articles and set a price on them, and
whoever neglects to bring said articles to the amount of their tax shall
pay his or her tax in cash, which articles are to be at the disposal of the
selectmen for the support of the poor.

The town has never owned a farm for the homeless poor and in earlier
years much of the time at town meeting was taken up in discussing what
should be done with them. It was customarj^ to sell the keeping of indi-
vidual paupers to the lowest bidder, and bind the children out during
their minority'. The number of persons wholly or partly supported by
the town was much larger eighty years ago than now.

The warnings for town meetings down to about 1848 often contain
articles like the following: "To see what the town will do for the relief
of A. B. now in Danville jail for debt." Inprisonment for debt was very
common in those days, and it happened sometimes that it was cheaper
for the town to pay the debt for which some unfortunate but industrious
man was confined, than to support his family during his imprisonment.

At the time of the settlement of the town, according to all the infor-
mation we have, the use of ardent spirits was universal in Scotland and
in America, and the first settlers of the town in accordance with the cus-
toms of the time were what \vould now be called hard drinkers. This
was because both malt and distilled liquors were then considered as food,
and as indispensable as bread and meat, and it was not until long after
that people began to question this, and finally to decide that their use
was harmful. The poems of Burns and such of the Waverly Novels as
deal with the period contemporary with the early years of this town
show how deeply rooted and universal was the custom and its disas-
trous consequences. The accounts kept by Mr. Whitelaw show how large
a proportion of the expenses of the managers was for the purchase of
rum. It would seem that to drink regularly and deeply was absolutely
necessary to existence, it is significant of the change of personel among
users of intoxicants that men like James Whitelaw and James Henderson
would now be uncompromising temperance men. It must be remembered
also that ardent spirits in those days were not poisoned by drugs and
that the hard work of the pioneers in the open air dissipated their ill
effects.

Among Mr. Miller's notes are anecdotes which need not be preserved,
of the drinking habits in the first half century of the town. To cite no
other authority, the early session records of Rj'cgate and Barnet show

172 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

how the evil interfered with the usefuhiess of the churches. "Intemper-
ance," wrote Rev. David Sutherland of Bath in 1852, "was at the period
of my settlement, the bane not only of iny own church, but of all the
churches in this vicinity of which I had any knowledge. Ardent spirits
were set forth on every public occasion ; weddings and funerals were sea-
sons of excess." In 1805 a prominent man, an elder in the church in this
town, engaged a man to set up a distillery on his farm, where he made
large quantities of whiske}^, the minister himself being one of his most
steady customers. The use of intoxicants was part of the dark side of
the picture of the early daj^s.

The account book of Thomas Barstow from which we have quoted,
shows how large a proportion of the trade of a country merchant was
in ardent spirits. Some of the items are rather amvising. One man in
Ryegate whose name out of consideration for his numerous descendants
we suppress, is charged with "1 Bible, 2 Testaments, 3 quarts Rum.''

The educated classes were especially sinners in this particular. Arthur
Livermore, in his "Recollections of Haverhill Corner," from which we
have before quoted, mentions an old lawyer from the east part of the
state who used to come to court there about 1820, whose invariable
formula, after summoning the waiter w^ith a tap of his cane to the foot
of the stairs, was to order, "Waiter, bring a bottle of rum, a bottle of
brandy, a pitcher of water, a bowl of sugar, four tea-spoons and a pack
of cards ! "

It is not possible to tell precisely when or by what motives induced,
the temperance reform began. It is certain that as early as 1817 there
was some kind of temperance organization in this town, which was
addressed by Mr. Sutherland. The use of ardent spirits was not fatal to
the hardy pioneers of the town. It was upon the younger generation
that its effects were most disastrous, and it was by observing those
eftects that people began to think the use of ardent spirits an evil.

The temperance reform, which by 1840 had become vigorous and
aggressive, had its origin among the young and middle aged men. If
the clergy of an early time had countenanced the use of intoxicants by
their example, their successors were among the most prominent in the
reform.

A man had been taken sick and one Saturday the neighbors met to
finish his haying. The jug circulated very freely and one man in particu-
lar, an elder in the church, became very much "overcome" indeed. The
minister, Mr. Hill, heard of it, and the next day preached a rousing tem-
perance sermon. He called no names, but some of his remarks were so
pointed that all knew whom he meant and some took offense. After the

EDUCATION, AND OTHER MATTERS. 173

service one old Scotchman freed his mind thus: "If I had been that

budd}', I'd have ganged oup the pulpit and \'ankit oot that Hill buddy ! "

But temperance reform has been as complete in Rvegate as anv where.
The old drinking customs have passed away. There are no longer tav-
erns Vv'ith open bars to tempt the unwary and onl_v a very few votes are
annually cast in tavor of licensing the sale of intoxicating liquors.

The letter of Robert Hyslop of New York City, dated Jan. 15, 1798,
referred to on a preceding page, raises a very interesting question. He
inquires about some land in this vicinit}', understood to have been owned
by Commodore John Paul Jones who had lately died in Paris. He says,
further, that a list of these lands had been forwarded to him by the
American Minister at Paris, and asks Gen. Whitelaw to ascertain their
location, the validity' of the titles, and their probable value. We do not
have Mr. Whitelaw's reply, but it would be interesting to know that
Paul Jones once owned land in this part of the country.

CHAPTER XVIII.

Manufactures.

Saw Mills.— Connecticut River. — Clay Island. — The Narrows. — Canoe
Falls, and Early Mills There. — The Ryegate Paper Co. — Brick
Making. — The Granite Business. — The Granite Manufacturers' Asso-
ciation.— The Granite Cutter's Union.

IN a new country the first thing to be clone is to rear a shelter of some
kind as a protection from storm and cold, which may at first be a
mere hut to be superseded by more durable habitations, and in most
new towns at the era of the settlement of Ryegate all the buildings for
several years were of logs. But our colonists had located near a town
already well provided with mills, and framed buildings were erected in
the earliest year of the settlement. But it was inany years before they
became common, and nearly all the early settlers were forced to content
themselves with log houses and barns. One reason for this was the
scarcity of all articles made of iron, especially nails, which in 1775 cost
about eighteen cents per 100. Consequently the nails used in a building
cost quite a sum and few of the colonists could afford to use many of
them. The first barn built by Wm. Nelson was almost without iron of
any kind, the boards being fastened to the frame with wooden pins.

We have given an account of the first mill built by the colonists,
which was outside the town limits, but it was not many years before
other mills began work in different parts of the town. For the first
seventy-five 3'ears all the saw mills were of the vertical or up-and-down
kind, which did good work in their day, and, with the exception of the
crank and the saw all the machinery could be made and fitted by the
local carpenter and blacksmith. They went out of use about forty years
ago, and the names of their parts would be strange to the young people
of the present day. Indeed so far has the old fashioned saw mill passed
into oblivion that in an article upon Daniel Webster in the Century in
1901, an illustration represents the future statesman working in his
father's saw mill — a fully equipped circular saw mill, which had only
begun to come into use fifty years later.

RYEGATE LIGHT AND POWER CO. PLANT AT BOLTONVILLE.

RYEGATE PAPER MILL, EAST RYEGATE.

MANUFACTURES. 175

It is not possible to give the histon^ of all these mills in this town,
but we may mention some of them. James Henderson built a mill on the
stream which flows out of Ticklenaked pond, in which he and his son
after him did a large business for many years.

. The first mill on Wells River in this town, according to Mason, was
built about 1802 by John Craig at what is now South Ryegate, but
which was for many years called " Craig's Mills " He also built the first
grist mill there. After him the saw^ mill had several owners until it came
into the hands of Dr. J. B. Darling, who carried on a large amount of
business. When the Montpelier and Wells River railroad was built he
furnished the lumber for the fences, bridges and stations between Wells
River and the Summit, boards selling at that time for $12 per M., and
bridge timber from $16 to $18. By the failure of the company he lost
about $2,000 but gained much experience. In 1876, he sold a half inter-
est in the mill to his son-in-law, M. F. Sargent, who later bought the
other half, and is now sole owner. Dr. Darling bought and cleared sev-
eral tracts of timber land, employing a large number of men, and erected
some fourteen houses in the village.

In the 50's this mill was owned by Walter Buchanan, who built a
new dam and its erection brought upon him a suit at law by Bradley
Morrison who owned and occupied a farm one and one-half miles up the
river. The latter claimed that the new dam being much higher than the
old one had caused an overflow of his meadows, and much damage to
the growing crops. The case was in court for some years, entailing a
large amount of costs,' 15u't 'was finally settled by arbitration. Judge
Batchelder of Bradford and two others were the referees, the plaintiff's
attorney being Thomas Wason, while Hon. I. N. Hall represented the
defendant.

The second saw mill on Wells River was built at what is now called
the Quint place, by Alexander Miller, who bought land there in 1809.
Here he erected buildings, a saw mill and a grist mill, where he made
great quantities of oat meal and hulled barley. The locality was called
" Miller's Mills " for many years.

In the northwest part of the town John Hunter bought in 1822, Lot
No. 6, in the 2d range of the north division, on which he built a saw mill
on Mill Brook which was run till 1850. The machinery was then sold to
W. F. Gibson who built a mill half a mile down the brook in 1852, and
sold it in 1860 to Amos W. Abbott. It is now owned by his widow. A
mill at the outlet of Symes' Pond was in operation many years. This
mill, with a tract of adjacent lumber was sold to the Parker & Young
Co., of Lisbon, who cut the lumber and moved the mill away.

176 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Connecticut River and its mills are worthy of a more particular notice.
In March, 1781, Mr. Whitelaw surveyed the river from the southwest
corner of Bath to its northwest corner, and found the distance, as the
river winds and turns, to be a httle over fourteen miles, the distance
between the two points in a straight hne being 6 miles, 133 rods. In a
cla}^ bank known as Clay Island is a remarkable deposit of clay stones
which have been noted for more than a century. They are beautiful and
attractive, of almost ever}' conceivable variety in size and shape of which
great quantities have been carried away. The most remarkable of these
stones are of a round or disc shape and vary in size from an inch in
diameter to three or four inches, and are of very rare occurrence. Clay
stones, say the geologists, are clay cemented bv carbonate cf lime, and
where the matter is free to move in all directions are completely round,
but in general they are flattened by the pressure of the bank above them.

A short distance above the mouth of the Amonoosuc and near the
southeast corner of this town is one of the wildest spots in the whole
extent of the river. The current, which a quarter of a mile above is
about 300 feet wide is here compressed into a gorge 60 feet in width
between the base of the mountain on the Bath side and a curiously
shaped rock on the Ryegate side. A descent of several feet here increases
the velocitv of the current, and the spot, which is secluded by overhang-
ing woods on the Vermont side, is rendered wild and stern by the moun-
tain on the other shore. Even at low water the spot is worthy of a
visit, but when the stream is swollen by spring or autumn rains the river
rushes through the Narrows, as the place is called, with terrific velocity,
which is checked by an abrupt bend in the v/ildest part of the stream,
and the whole torrent of water is hurled against the ledge with a vio-
lence which seems to shake the mountain itself. It is the wildest spot on
the river above Bellows Falls, and lies in the midst of some of the most
tranquil scenery in the Connecticut valley.

In 1828 the river road in Bath which before had climbed to a consid-
erable height along the mountain side, was brought down to its foot and
a new highway was constructed at considerable expense between the
river and the rock. It is impassable at high water, and its abrupt turns,
with the wild and savage grandeur of the scenery, invest its passage
with an interest not unmixed with terror.

Halfway from Barnet line to Newbury line the current of the river is
broken by a ledge over which the stream passes, and by rapids which
form an insuperable barrier to navigation. The first settlers of Newbury
and Haverhill called them the Canoe Falls and in an account of Ryegate
written in 1824 for Thompson's Gazetteer, Mr. Whitelaw calls them b\'

MANUFACTURES. 177

that name, by which they were still called by old people in Mr. Miller's
boyhood. Yet they have gone by the name of Dodge's Falls, and lor no
other reason than that, many years ago, a family by the name of Dodge
lived i^i Bath, near the falls. They were transient people, not identified
with the spot in any way, but by a perversion of justice the falls have
been called by their name. The old and euphonious name should be
restored.

The river, at the two spots mentioned, has claimed many victims,
and Rev. David Sutherland in his address delivered in 1854 stated that
during his pastorate of fifty years fourteen persons had been drowned
in the river. Several lives were lost there before and after that period,
rendering the Falls and the Narrows two of the deadliest spots on the
river.

The falls at East Ryegate have been utilized a part of the time since
the town was settled. In 1790 William Nelson built a wing dam wdiich
extended from the Vermont bank to a small island in the middle of the
river. At that date a few Indian families still lingered in this part of the
countrj', and they used to congregate upon the rock and view the pro-
ceedings with much curiosity. Mr. Nelson erected a saw mill, and later a
grist mill which did much business for a time. But the dam was washed
away, and part of the saw mill with it. Mr. Nelson owned large tracts
of 1-and on both sides of the river, and in Monroe, and was one of the
earliest to engage in the shipment of sawed lumljer down the river.

In 1808 a charter was obtained from the New Hampshire legislature,
and Mr. Nelson employed Calvin Palmer, who had constructed several
dams on the river, to build a new one. In a description of Bath pre-
pared in 1814 by Rev. David Sutherland, and published in the collections
of the Massachtisetts Historical S9ciety for 1815, he stated that there
was a saw mill and a grist mill on the west side of the river, but that no
mills had been built on the east side. The saw mill did a large business
for many 3'ears, and was fitted up with ''gang saws," by which several
boards or plank could be sawed at the same time. After passing from
Mr. Nelson's hands the mills were operated by a Mr. Richardson, and by
Samuel Hutchins and Jared Wells, and later by Samuel Moore and
brothers, after which the property was allowed to go to decay, and the
dam was washed away. In 1884, Capt. A. M. Beattie bought the land
and mill privilege for a Mr. Marshall of Turner's Falls. While the mills
were in operation a number of houses and a large boarding house were
built near them, which have all disappeared. In 1829 a charter was
obtained to construct a canal around the falls on the New Hampshire
side but the canal corporation never got farther than its organization.

178 -. HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VERMONT.

Mr. Henry C. Carbee says that about 1843 a slip to run rafts oi sawed
lumber was built on the Bath side, which was in operation till the rail-
road was completed to St. Johnsbury. This vast water power stood idle
for man}' 3'ears, and several schemes for its development never material-
ized.

In 1903 a corporation called the Ryegate Paper Company was organ-
ized with a capital stock of $250,000, and incorporated under the laws
of New Hampshire, which purchased the water privilege and adjacent
land, and began in April, 1905, the construction of a paper and pulp
mill. This mill was completed Sept. 1st, 1906, and began at once to
operate. The mill, which is of brick, is constructed in the most thorough
manner, and equipped with the latest improved machinery for the manu-
facture of paper from wood. The daily production is about twenty tons
of ground wood pulp, and twenty five tons of high-grade newspaper.
Although designed for a newspaper mill, some of the finest half-tone
paper, made especiall}^ for cut and picture work, with special book and
coating paper have been manufactured. It is claimed by high authorities '
that this mill, although comparatively small, is one of the most compact
and best arranged mills in the country. It employs sixty men, and has
proved a financial addition to the town. In the four years of its opera-
tion it has made a name for itself in the paper business of the country,
and helps to advertise the town whose name it bears. A village has
sprung up around the mills and the brick j-ards, which bids fair to become
of considerable size.

For some years all the brick used in R3-egate had to be brought from
Newbury. A few brick were made at different places in town. The
large chimnevs of those days required a great many brick, and brick
houses came into fashion about 1820. In many places, especialh' in the
vicinity of Montpelier, large two-storj^ brick houses were built, but only
two in this town. It is often remarked that when lumber was more
plentiful and much cheaper than now, brick houses were often built,
while now that lumber is high, brick houses are seldom erected in the
country. The reason is that wood working machinery had not at that
time come into general use, all the planing, and the making of doors and
sash was by hand. Shingle were made by hand also, and clapboards
were split. But brick could be made for about $1.25 per M, and a brick
layer's wages in 1825 were usually $1.25 per day. Consequenth' it cost
very little more to build a brick house than a wooden one, and the love
of our ancestors for having things look substantial was gratified.

Not far from 1825 John McLure began to make brick on his farm,
where his grandson, Charles H. McLure lives, the yard being between the

MANUFACTURES. 179

latter's house and the main road. Large quantities of brick were made
there, and their manufacture was continued till about 1859, supplying
most of the brick within a radius of several miles. Lime was burned in
small quantities, man}' 3'ears ago from a bed of marl near the outlet of
Svmes' Pond.

In 1890, Martin H. Gibson opened a brick yard and began the manu-
facttire of brick at East R^'egate. For the first six years he t;sed two
Gage machines which produced about one and a half million of brick a
year, but in 1896 he put in a steam brick plant, and thereby greath' in-
creased the production. The brick manufactured at East Rvegate have a
beautiful cherry' color, probably the finest produced anvwhere in north-
ern New England, and have been used in the construction of numerous
large buildings in northern New Hampshire and Vermont. Among these
are the Washington Count\' jail and jail house at Montpelier and the
Avenue House at St. Johnsbur}' which were built by Mr. Gibson, the
Merchants Bank Block, the Citizens Savings Bank Block, and other build-
ings at the latter place, the Catholic Church at Lyndonville, the Barton
High School building, the Newport School building, and Odd Fellows
Block, the school building at Plymouth, Bank building at Bradford,
Tenney Memorial Library at Newbury, the Remick building at Littleton,
the Stoughton Block at Whitcfield, the Baile}' Block at Lancaster, the
Catholic Church, Savings Bank building and others at Berlin, N. H., the
brick block at South R\'egate and many others, were constructed of East
R3'egate brick.

Since the opening of the works Mr. Gibson has made several million
of brick, and employs a large number of men, and uses many cords of
wood annualh'.

The business bj' which Rvegate is most widely known, which employs
the largest capital and the greatest number of men, is the Granite indus-
try, for whose manufacture Bkie Mountain furnishes an inexhaustible
supph^ The first settlers discovered that they had a valuable asset in the
possession of this mountain of granite of the finest quality-. This gran-
ite lies in sheets, varj'ing in thickness from a few inches to twenty- feet.
This arrangement of the stone in layers affords a great advantage in
allowing easy quarrying. Many varieties of granite are found on the
mountain. There are quantities of fine, medium and coarse grained
granite, both dark and light in color. One vein of ver}' nice stone, run-
ning around the mountain, has been traced for nearly half a mile.

Another important characteristic is the lack of iron, black knots or
other blemishes in the rock. A further remarkable and distinguishing
feature is the bright lively color of the stone, even after eighty years of

180 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

exposure to the weather, as is evidenced by the granite used in the brick
house of Archibald Miller, and in the brick house at the Corner. At one
time the state prison had a good prospect of being located here, and
would have been, it is said, but for the opposition of one of the leading
citizens of the town. It was the design of the state officials to use the
prisoners in cutting the granite, as was afterwards done on Mount Ascut-
ne}' when the state prison was built at Windsor.

Among the emigrants from Scotland in the 18th centur_y were several
experienced qunrriers, as they are called in Scotland, and the state was
glad to secure their skill and experience in getting out the stone for the
prison at Windsor. In 1807 and the following j-ear, Alexander Miller,
Allan Stewart, Robert Gibson, Jonathan Page, John Craig, Ora Wilmot
and Stewart Harvey were employed in that capacit}'', the first named
having charge for two seasons of the workmen and prisoners who were
getting out the stone on Mount Ascutney.

It is not certain at what period granite began to be quarried on the
mountain, but comparison of certain ancient drill holes with some on the
Catamount in Haverhill, where the stone for Haverhill jail was quarried
about 1793, indicate by their weather-worn appearance that they were
of about the same date. The early inhabitants began to use the stone
for the foundation work of the framed houses which succeeded the log
houses. The lintels and other granite in the stone house built by James
Whitehill in 1808 or 1809, a portion of which now forms part of the
house of C. W. Whitehill, were from Blue Mountain. When- the brick
church at Barnet Centre Avas built in 1829, stone for the steps were cut
from Blue Mountain in sheets 40 feet in length, 8 ft. in width, and 8 inches
thick. These were cut into three pieces, and may still be seen in front of
the present church.

The first monument, that of John Nelson, was cut in 1854 from Rye-
gate granite, and after that its monumental use continued and increased.
About 1868 the soldier's monument at Peacham was cut from Ryegate
granite, and the beauty and finish of the stone attracted much attention.
In 1869 the base of the soldier's monument at St. Johnsbury, which sup-
ports the beautiful statue of Liberty b}^ Larkin G. Mead, was cut from
the same quarry. For some time before that the stone was drawn dur-
ing the winter by teams of oxen, past Mr. George Cochran's to the
station at Mclndoes. The demand for soldier's monuments and other
monumental and building \vork, from all parts of the country furnished a
good market.

With the building of the Montpelier and Wells River Railroad in
1873, the granite business took on new life. In 1874, Robert Laird

JO

a
>

w
w

MANUFACTURES. 181

bought of Archibald and James Park all the granite on their 100 acre
lot, and shipped large quantities on a road built b\^ the town, via the
Peacham road to South Ryegate and thence b\^ rail to St. Johnsbury,
where the stone was manufactured. He carried on a large business for a
number of years. In 1891 he sold his quarry to Martin H. Gibson, who
a little later, purchased the quarry of the Ryegate Granite Works. The
latter quarry had previously been operated by Carter & Kimball who
shipped large quantities of stone to Montpelier, and later by the Ryegate
Granite Works. Mr. Gibson operated the two quarries as one, carrying
on an extensive business, shipping stone, chiefly monuments, to nearly
every state in the Union. The quarry is modernly equipped, and was the
first to use a steam plant.

Since taking the business in hand Mr. Gibson's aim has been to build
up the industry of the town. To this end he has at times leased parts of
the quarries, and has given considerable attention to the development of
monumental work, having found a fine vein suitable for that. Stone can
be cut from the quarry- six feet square, and one hundred feet in length,
and he has supplied a large number of manufacturing firms at South
Ryegate with their rough stock, furnishing nice clean stock.

In the 70's M. F. McDonald.and: Dr. Nelson bought 100 acres of
Albert Hall, and opened a. new quarry,which was later taken over and
operated by a corporation^khovvn as the Blue Mountain Granite Com-
pany. The company was managed by M. F. McDonald and Robert
Farquharson. Later, it \vas purchased by Henry Goodine who operated
it for about two years, and then sold one half to William Frasier, and
the other half to Rosa Bros. These last incorporated and organized the
Vermont Gray Granite Co., which has equipped the quarr}' with a large
derrick, and all the modern improvements, and is carr3-ing on a success-
ful business, quarrying large quantities of stone. Frasier operated his
half for two years, getting out considerable building stone.

In the early SO's, Rodne\' F. Carter, a traveling salesman visiting the
place, was impressed with the beaut}- and fine qualit}- of the R3'egate
granite, and, forming a partnership with Sumner Kimball, came here,
and bought the Nelson quarry of 100 acres, and soon after commenced
operations in a granite shed at South Ryegate. Air. Carter soon involved
himself and others in financial difficulties, and sold his plant to the Rye-
gate Granite Works Company incorporated in 1885, becoming manager
of the new enterprise. Under him the company lost heavily during sev-
eral years, and in 1889 went into the hands of a receiver. It had done a
large amount of excellent work, cutting many soldier's monuments, sev-
eral of which were erected on the battlefield of Gettysburg, also several
fine mausoleums.

182 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

In 1889, A. F. Mulliken, D. W. Learned, Alexander Dunnett and M.
H. Gibson formed a partnership which took over and operated with suc-
cess the business of the Ryegate Granite Works for a number of years.
In the spring of 1890 Mr. Leonard died, and the surviving partners
bought up his share continuing the business successfully until 1897, when
Mr. Gibson bought Mr. Mulliken out, and in the next year purchased Mr.
Dunnett's interest in the business. Under his management agreat amount
ol work was done. A McDonald stone cutting machine was installed at
great expense, which accomplished the work of many men, both Barre
and Ryegate granite being used.

Among the finest pieces of work made here were the soldier's monu-
ments at Racine, Wis., and Cambridge, 111., the Dr. Agnew tomb at Phila-
delphia, and the receiving vault for Elmwood cemetery at Detroit.

In 1902, a fire breaking out in the office swept through the plant,
and burned everj'thing to the ground causing a severe loss to the
owner, owing to the expiration of insurance policies which had not been
renewed. The loss was about $25,000. At the present writing the site
of the Ryegate Granite Works, at what was formerly called Quint place,
is a desolate spot.

About 1 900 the granite business at South Ryegate began to show
new life. Mr. M. F. Sargent built a large 100 ft. shed, and Alexander
Beaton, Thomas Courtney, Axel Anderson, John B. Frasier and James
Craigie erected new sheds. Rosa Brothers bought out the Blue Moun-
tain Granite Co., and afterwards moved a large shed from North Haver-
hill. In 1908 Mr. Fred Osgood leased the Frasier quarry, and the sheds
at South Ryegate, beginning extensive operations in quarrying and cut-
ting building stone. In 1909, he enlarged his plant, leasing other sheds,
engaged Robert Farquharson as general superintendent, employing from
75 to 80 men. Among the buildings erected with his granite are post
offices at Michigan City, Ind., Hudson, N. Y., Brighton, and Elizabeth,
N. J., Ashtabula, O., and Keene, N. H. He has set up work in Washing-
ton, D. C, and is to furnish granite for the Corsica Building, at Fifth
Avenue and 26th St., New York, and the post office at Marietta, Ohio.

Mr. M. F. McDonald has been connected with the granite business
since May 20, 1873, when he came here to take charge of a branch shop
established by the St. Johnsbury Granite Co., which was composed of R.
W. Laird and Hiram Moody.

In the spring of 1873, the rough stock was hauled from the quarry
by four pairs of oxen, from the mountain down by the Martin Hall place,
and No. 3 schoolhouse and the Henderson now the Fisk place, loading
without a derrick. They were the first in the state to use granite polish-

MANUFACTURES. 183

ing macliines. In 1876 the St. Johnsbury Co., discontinued their branch
shop and Mr. McDonald has since conducted the business alone.

Among those interested in the business have been the late Dr. Darling
and his sons, the Robens and others. The Blue Mountain Granite Com-
pany was organized, and did an extensive business during some years.
Mr. Alexander Cochran was the financial head of the concern, furnished
money, and indorsed its notes. Upon the failure of the company in 1892,
Mr. Cochran was obliged to take the property into his own hands.
Their plant included about 60 acres of land on and about Blue Mountain,
with sheds and a polishing mill at South Ryegate. As before stated, this
plant was afterwards sold to the Rosa Brothers.

During the 3'ear 1900 about 140 men were emploj'ed in the granite
business at South Rj^egate, and the same business furnishes employment
for numbers of quarry men, teamsters and the like.

The first work done with Ryegate granite was crude, chiefly monu-
ments in what was called the Bunker Hill style, with marble slabs set in
the side for the lettering, it not being thought that it could be lettered,
much less polished. It is believed that the business has been carried on
continuoush' since about 1865 when the McPhees from Barnet and
Sortwell of Mclndoes and Peacham, who made the soldier's monument
at the latter place, began work. Among the earlier workers, besides the
Lairds and Hiram Moody were Joseph George, and Sumner Kimball of
Moritpelier, and Ryegate. R3'egate work has gone into every state in the
Union and some parts of Canada.

Some of the best made here are the Morgan monument at Batavia,
N. Y., soldiers' monuments Painsville, O., Davenport, Iowa, and many at
Gett^'sburg and other battlefields of the civil war. Mr. McDonald has
placed over thirt}^ monuments in the cemetery at Orford, N. H.

For the last few years about two carloads of finished granite are
shipped from South Rj-egate each working day valued at about $10,000
per month. Within the past two years the introduction of electric power
has made quicker and better work possible.

At present there are six different quarries on the mountain from
which granite is brought to South Ryegate. Among those manufactur-
ing granite are A. T. Beaton, James Beaton, Rosa Bros., H. W. Goodine,
T. Courtney, James Craigie, Ed. Metcalf, M. F. McDonald, Anderson &
Hartz, H. Samuelson, E. E. Eliason,T. S. Gray, The C. E. Greene Co., M.
H. Gibson, manager, and the Osgood Granite Co. About 175 men are
now employed in different capacities in the business.

In February, 1908, the manufacturers formed an association in order
to better conditions, meet labor difficulties, and for mutual assistance.

184 HISTORY OF RYHGATE, VERMONT.

Few manufacturing communities have escaped labor difficulties, and
differences between emplo^'crs and emplo3'ed. The granite business in
Rvegate has been no exception, and the histor_v of the rise and growth of
trade unions here is of importance as determining and insuring the right
of employees to form organizations. Mr. J. D. Grant, the secretary of
the local branch of the Granite Cutter's Union, who was asked by the
committee to prepare a brief historical sketch of the Union, responded in
a paper which restricted space has compelled us to condense in its less
important parts. Mr. Grant's paper seems a fair presentation of the
Union's side of the case, 3'et it must be remembered that the same meas-
ure looked very differently from the other side.

The South Rvegate branch of the Granite Cvitter's National Union
was organized April 2, 1885, to remedy by united action conditions
which were far from satisfactory^ The granite business had risen from
very small beginnings in 1873, till in 1885 about 100 men were employed
in the various processes by which the rough stone in the ledge on Blue
Mountain was quarried, drawn, cut and polished for shipment. The
conditions, which prevailed in the day of small things, were unchanged
when the business became extensive. There was no regular pay-day, or
fixed scale of wages, and other matters were far from satisfactor}'. The
first step toward starting a branch of the National Union was taken by
ten men who met in one of the granite sheds on March 24-th, 1885, and
affixed their names to a petition to the National Committee, in Philadel-
phia for a charter to form a branch of the union at this place. The nec-
essarv authoritv being received, the Union was organized on the above
date, C. C. Stewart being chosen president; H. A. West, vice-president;
J. D. Grant, secretary; John \V. Haley, treasurer; the standing commit-
tee being Geo. Sheriffs, O. E. Clay, and P. B. Fraser. The other original
members were John Dillon, Alex. Barrata, and Dennis Clearv. B_v the
9th of April the number of members had increased to twent3'-four, and the
employers being alarmed, met at the house of R. F. Carter, and united in
addressing a letter to each member of the union declaring their opposi-
tion to the organization, their resolve- to deal with each workman indi-
viduallv, and their determination to employ no man who joined the
union. Looking back to this meeting, through many years, one feels to
regret that conciliatorv measures had not been adopted, and the parties
assisted to a mutual understanding.

The members of the union united in a letter to the directors of the
granite works, in which they disavowed any intention of making trouble
with emplo^'ers who treated their men fairly and their desire to see the
granite business here placed on a basis of fair and honest dealing between

MANUFACTURES. 185

employers and employed. The branch also laid their case before the
National Union, and were assured of support, the shops of the Ryegate
Granite Works and the Blue Mountain Co., being placed on the opposi-
tion list. The letter of the union was tabled by the directors, who voted
not to hire any man who belonged to the union. The members of the
union, finding that they could with difficulty obtain employment else-
where as their names had been placed on the "black list," conceived the
idea of starting a co-operative company for the manufacture of granite
work by the men themselves, and negotiations were begun with Dr. J. B.
Darling for a site on which to erect a cutting and polishing plant to be
operated by the men themselves.

The granite manufactures, however, led b}^ R. F. Carter, represented
to the State's Attorney that there was trouble among the granite work-
ers at South Ryegate, and Sheriff Sulloway with deputies on the morn-
ing ol April 16, under charges of conspirac3^ and intimidation arrested
C. C. Stewart, O. E. Clay, George Sherriffs, Peter B. Fraser, A. M.
Holmes, John W. Haley, Charles Exley, O. W. Lewis, Wm. D. Darling,
Wm. Troup, John Ingram, H. A. West. Dennis Cleary, P. W. Hendrick,
John McGeough, and J. D. Grant, a deputy being appointed to guard
each prisoner till the arrival of the train which was to take them to
jail at St. Johnsbur3\ In the meantime the action of the sheriff had
become known, and a bond to furnish whatever bail would be required
was signed b\^ Dr. J. B. Darling, Samuel Mills, Sr., II. G. Gibson,
Pringle Gibson, J. R. Park, James White, E. G. Lind, S. Mills, Jr., M. F.
Sargent, D. B. Cross, James Dickey, M. F. McDonald and Robert Nelson,
all men of good financial standing. At St. Johnsbury the men appeared
before Marshall Montgomery, the State's Aitorne}-, and were defended
by Bates and Ma^^ assisted by Harry Blodgett, while H. C. Lie repre-
sented the state. Bail at $500 each was promptly furnished by Dr. Dar-
ling and Samuel Mills, Sr., representing the signers of the bond, and the
men were released and returned home the same night.

Their hearing at St. Johnsbury' before N. M. Johnson, Esq., was April
17-21, and their case was dismissed. The men were, however, re-arrested
on a new indictment and taken before Judge Walter P. Smith, who decided
to send the case to the County Court, where it was tried at the June
term. Thirteen of the respondents were acquitted and discharged. The
case of the other three, C. C. Stewart, O. E. Cla^v and J. D. Grant, officers
of the branch, was continued, and taken to the Supreme Court on excep-
tions. The indictment was sustained and the case remanded to the
County Court, the bail of the three being reduced from $500 each to
$100. The case was continued from term to term, mainly from the

186 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

difficulty which the prosecution found in securing the attendance of wit-
nesses, till the December term of 1887. The National Union, which had
been pa_ving the bills, was impatient to have the case settled, and sent
Gen. Roger A. PrA'or to assist the defense before a jury.

The case was, by conference of the representatives of all the parties,
settled Ijy the payment of the nominal fine of $20 for each of the three
respondents and no costs. Thus the right of men to organize themselves
into a Union was established.

Air Grant says: " Meantime the co-operative idea had materialized.
And a number of the Union men became associated under the name of
the Union Co-operative Granite Co., and commenced to manufacture
granite work. This move by the imion men was looked upon with dis-
favor by the opposition firms, and man}' inducements were thrown out
to the men to desert the union and go back to their former places, and
some did so. But the Branch kept on gaining in membership and in
determination to stick to the union. The sentiment of the community
was greatly divided between ' union ' and ' non-tmion.' Even the churches
were aft'ected to some degree by this ' bone of contention.' "

Such a state of things could not continue in a well ordered commun-
ity, and the first firm to enter into harmonious arrangements with the
union was the Blue Mountain Company, run by McDonald and Farqu-
harson, wdio agreed to recognize the union, and hire union men on the
same terms as other men. Hendrick Bros, had before started a shop on
the same basis, making three union and one non-union.

The year 1886 was a very good one in the granite business, several
new men came into the place, a branch of the National Union was formed
at Barre, the employees of the R. G. W. Co., felt interested in the union,
19 joined in a body Feb. 1, 1887 and all parties canie to a mutual under-
standing b}' which a settlement of the difficulties was efifected.

The Company agreed to use their influence with their employees to
prevent suits by them against members of the union b}' reason of any
damages sustained by them, and that the Company would not discrim-
inate between union or non-union men, agreeing not to employ men who
were objectionable to the Union. Several minor differences were also set-
tled, and the long struggle came to an end, to the great joy of the whole
communit^^ Greatly improved conditions were secured by the men, and
the emplovers also were benefited b}' the better feeling between the par-
ties, as the following will illustrate.

In the winter of 1887-'8 the R. G. W. Co., feeling the general financial
stringency, the men of their own motion offered to work till the 1st of
April for five per cent reduction in wages, and by offering to assist the

>o

' 1 I

/

'• i

(

1 ■

NEW YORK

MANUFACTURES. 187

Compari}^ b_v allowing a part of their wages to remain unpaid till April
and May. This offer was accepted in the spirit with which it was ten-
dered.

But the settlement of the trouble between the granite companies and
the union was the ruin of the co-operative company; the members fell off
one by one, the company disbanded and James White was appointed as
receiver to wind up the affairs of the concern, settling with the creditors
for fifty cents on the dollar, a discouraging outcome financiallv. But Mr.
Grant considers that the enterprise had the good result of keeping the
men together during a critical period in the life of the branch until the
principal of organization by working men was firmh' established in this
state.

The South Ryegate branch has been remarkably free from misun-
derstandings and disputes with the emplo3'ers. It has had its "ups and
downs," like other organizations sensitive to the influences of good or
bad times. It has survived two general lock-outs, the great New Eng-
land lock-out of 1892, and the more recent suspension in 1908 when
there was nothing doing from March 1st to April 10th.

The average membership ma}' be placed at from 60 to 70.

CHAPTER XIX.

Local Matters.

Industrial Changes.— Mr. Whitelaw's Observations.— Wild Animals.— Dai
RYiNG.— Farms.— Fairs.— Creameries —Blue Mountain Grange.— Miscel-
laneous.

BEFORE leaving the subject of manufactures in this town it may be
noted that the changing industrialconditionsof the past sixty years

have occasioned the discontinuance of man}- trades and small indus-
tries which once flourished in country' towns. In almost ever}^ town in
this vicinity are sites of former industries, some of which had considerable
reputation in their day, and w^ere the centers of small hamlets in which
the workmen lived. Some of these passed away so long ago that only
the older people know where the buildings stood. The discontinuance of
these small industries has assisted in producing the decrease of poptila-
tion in man}- towns, a fact not sufficiently considered b}- those who write
of the loss in the population of rural communities.

Before the days of railroads many industries which are now concen-
trated in large towns where great numbers of workmen and large aggre-
gations of capital are employed, were scattered all over the country in
small concerns, where local capital found employment, and where the
operatives were gathered from the immediate neighborhood. They also
provided, to a limited extent, a market for the farmers in their vicinity.
Sixty years ago there were woolen mills in Barnet, Danville, Sutton,
Bath, Haverhill and other towns in this vicinity; foundries and machine
shops at Bradford, extensive iron works at Franconia, tanneries and
starch factories in almost every town. These have all disappeared, and,
in most cases nothing has taken their place. There were, also, fulling
mills, flax mills, carding mills and the like.

In a few cases, like these last mentioned, the industry itself has
fallen into disuse, but in others, after the railroad came, it brought the
products of great manufacturing centers at a price with which the small
country manufacturer could not compete, and had to go out of business.

Every town in this vicinity had one or more tanneries, at which the
farmer could have the hides of cattle slaughtered upon his farm converted
into excellent leatlier, and they made a market, to a limited extent, for
hemlock bark. The process was slow, the hides lying in the vats for sev-

LOCAL MATTERS. 189

eral months. There have been at least two tanneries in Rj-egate. Rob-
ert Whitelaw carried on the business (or man}- years, emplox'ing several
men in the work, and in making boots and shoes. Harry Moore learned
the trade of him, and went into the tanning business with John Gibson
at the Corner, on the small brook near the creamery but west of the
road, and a little above it.

Mr. Miller mentions that at one time within his recollection there
were ten shoemakers in this town, some of whom had shops where thev
employed workmen as apprentices, others traveled from farm to farm
with their kits of tools. There were others who farmed in summer and
did shoemaking in winter. These were manufacturers on a small scale, as
were the blacksmiths and the carpenters.

Mr. Mason sa^^s that in 1830 there were nine blacksmith shops in
Ryegate. Many articles were then made by hand by the local black-
smith, such as locks, hinges, scj-thes, horse and ox shoes, and the like,
which are now machine made and sold at stores. In the earlier vears
iron was very dear and hard to be had. Every scrap was utilized, and
blacksmiths made horse shoes out of old scythes. It was not till the
opening of the Franconia Iron Works, about 1795, that iron becanfe
more plenty. There were blacksmiths who confined themselves entirely
to the nicer branches of the trade, made axes, carpenter's tools and
ornamental work.

The carpenter who built a house made also the doors, sash and blinds,
all now m.ade by machinery', and supplied ready for use. He usually had
a shop, where in winter he got out house finish, made furniture, sleds and
vsragons. Such men were often ver\' skillful workmen who took pride
in their work. In the older villages in this vicinity, where there was
considerable wealth a century ago, the fine old mansions of that daj'- con-
tain samples of hand craft which are the despair of modern carpenters.
Among them may be especially mentioned the old Paj'-son mansion at
Bath village, and the fine old mansion once the residence of Hon. Joseph
Bell, at the south end of the common at Haverhill Corner. And there are
others. Carpenters also made coffins, which were not furnished ready
for use as the}' are now, but when one was needed the local carpenter
was provided with the measure, and instriicted as to the expense which
might be incurred. There were carpenters who made a specialt}'^ of cof-
fins, as caskets were then called, and considerable expense was sometimes
lavished upon them when made of oak, carved and panelled. Sometimes,
but perhaps never in Rj'egate, people had their coffins made several years
before they died, and kept them in readiness for use. The custom of
enclosing the coffin in an outer box for burial did not come into general
use till about fiftv vears ago. / S-iG

190 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

There was never an}^ starch factor}^ in Rj^egate, but there were sev-
eral in this vicinity which made a market for potatoes, and transactions
of considerable magnitude are remembered. In 1860 Wm. T. George of
Topsham contracted with a starch, factory at Haverhill, N. H., to raise
5000 bushels of potatoes on new land, to be delivered in the field at 33
cents per bushel in the fall of 1861. The actual quantity'- delivered was
5800 bushels. It would be hard to find a starch factor}^ in this region
now.

Fifty years ago there were several tailors and tailoresses in this town^
some of whom did their work in a shop, and others went from house to
house and made coats and jackets for the "gudeman" and the lads.
Frequently a man was a farmer in summer, and a tailor, carpenter or
shoemaker in winter. It will be seen that the disuse of all these small
trades has had its effect in the decrease of the town's population.

When our colonists first came here from Scotland they found many
things which were new to them, and Mr. Whitelaw's observations as
recorded in his letters to his father, give us some interesting particulars
respecting the state of agriculture in this part of the country 140 j'ears
ago. He remarks that the use of potatoes was much more general here
than in Scotland, and that they were found on the table wherever they
had been. Potatoes had not come into general use in New England in
1750, only a few being raised here and there, and were very rarel}' seen in
the west of Scotland at that date. Yet twenty years later their use and
culture had become general. Writing from Newbury- in the fall of 1773
he sa^^s:

"Thev have great fields of maize or Indian corn as they call it, and
when grown a field of corn is a fine sight. They have a great many ways
of cooking it, one of which is to boil or roast the green ears, eating the
kernels directtyfrom the cob. Another dish which we have learned to like
very much is made of green corn cut from the cob, and boiled with beans
and vegetables, and this mode of preparation, we are told, they have
learned from the Indians. Another dish is made from pumpkins which
they prepare bv cutting out a piece from one end, and, removing the seeds
and soft parts they fill them with milk and bake them for several hours.
This makes ver}^ delicious food. But the}' do not know the use of oat-
meal, and I have not tasted any except among our countrymen in the
middle colonies. Fish they have in plentj^, salmon as good as any at
home, and manj varieties of vegetables. They have a novel way of
stacking wheat, bj^ erecting four tall poles, and making a roof of boards
over the stack instead of thatching it."

The first who came from Scotland were unused to hard work such as
clearing land required, and were ill-fitted for the severe toil which must
precede the preparation of the land for crops. A few became discouraged
and went away. Some hired young men to clear land by the acre, as

LOCAL MATTERS. 191

there were a number of young men from the older colonies who had come
to the Coos country, and possessed the sinews and endtirance necessary
for the task. We may not easily comprehend the hardships of the first
settlers. The want of tools ; the want of money with which to buy tools ;
the lack of almost everything we call the necessities of life; the solitary
huts in the dense woods, where the famih' must live on what they could
raise among the stumps and rocks of their clearings; the long cold win-
ters; the absence of all the comforts which in the densely populated part
of Scotland from which they had come were regarded as indispensable,
all these and man}*- other hardships, manfulh' faced and endured, call for
our admiration of their courage. It was upon the women that the pri-
vations fell most severely, and our records show how many young wives
died within a few years after coming here. We may wonder how people
lived through those first years. But the}^ seem to have taken their priva-
tions as matters of course, difficulties to be encountered and overcome,
and those who persevered were rewarded with abundance. As before
mentioned, their privations were much less severe than those of the set-
tlers in the towns near Canada, as they were onh' a few miles from the
plentiful fields of Newbury and Haverhill.

The dangers from wild animals had not entirely passed by the 3'ear
1800. Mr. Mason sa3's that John Johnston who came here in 1796,
boasted that he wovtld never be afraid of a bear. If he should meet one
he would teach that bear who was master. One day in the woods he
came face to face with an enormous bear sitting upon his haunches, and
not in the least indisposed to tr}^ conclusions with him. John underw^ent
a sudden change of heart and feeling that Ryegate could ill afford to
spare a man just then, decided that if the bear would let him alone he
would do as much by the bear. Two Barnet men were returning from
mill at Wells River, each with a grist on his shoulder when the}- met a
bear which they killed, and one man took both grists, and the other
shouldered the bear. Although the danger from wild beasts was ever
present it is not recorded that any lives were lost by them in this town or
Barnet. But as late as 1796 a w^oman was killed by a bear in St. Johns-
bur3^ In 1790 the towns offered rewards for each wolf or bear killed in
town. Killing bears was quite profitable, as the skin brought a cash
price, then there was the bounty, and the meat was no bad substitute for
pork.

Mr. Miller has carefully copied the early lists of taxable property,
and we may form from these some estimate of the town's agriculttiral
progress. The first list, that of 1789, contains 47 names. There were
73 cows kept in town and 48 oxen. William Neilson had 12 cows, the

192 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Widow Taylor and James Henderson 5 each. There were 21 horses, only
two persons owning more than one. Eleven years later there were 80
tax-payers, 234 cows, 60 horses and 25 colts. John Gray and William
Neilson each had 12 cows, John Cameron and Andrew Brock 4 each. A
steady increase is noted in the list of personal estate of 1810, when 534
cows are reported, 120 horses, and 27 colts. John and James Neilson
each had 18 cows. Alexander Miller had 17, James and Abraham White-
hill 15 each. There were 174 oxen owned, 15 clocks and 16 watches.

We have no better means of estimating the continued prosperit}'- of
the town than is furnished by the grand lists, which, in 1794 began to
be reckoned in dollars and cents, instead of pounds, shillings and pence.
It is well also to say that at that time, and for many years after, the
grand list was computed at 10 per cent of the valuation, instead of 1 per
cent as at present. In 1820 the area of improved land had increased to
2078 acres, William Gray having sixty acres, the largest area. There
were 174 oxen, 556 cows and 123 horses. Ten years later the list indi-
cated a still more rapid development, the area of improved land had
more than doubled, and live stock proportionately increased, there being
224 horses, and 725 cows. There were 2246 sheeji listed, and for the
first time money at interest and bank stock are counted. Among the
items are one gold and 12 silver watches, and 37 brass clocks. James
Esden, William Gibson, John and Alexander Symes, John Hunter, Wm.
Henderson 2d, John and James Nelson and .Alexander Miller are put
down as owners of mills, and Samuel Peters as owner of a tannery.

In 1840, a decatle's financi.nl ]irosperitv is sllo^vn by an increase of
nearW 3000 acres of imoroved land over the list of 1820. William Gray
still led, having 132 acres under cultivation and in pasturage, with the
largest list of taxable property, William Johnston and Robert Gibson
being second and third. There were 253 individual lists, 76 being mem-
bers of the militia and exempt from poll tax. The horses and colts over
one year old listed were 285, and 1253 cattle. Six carriages were taxed,
23 clocks, and 13 watches valued at more than ten dollars.

The decade which succeeded was that in ^vhich the population was
largest, and the increase more than offset the removals from town.
There were, as there had been for thirty years, families removing to the
western country, and the manufacturing towns, then beginning their
rapid growth, attracted many young men and women. But in that time
the number of individual lists had risen to 310, and the valuation had
nearly doubled. In 1850 the various Gibson families owned 2418 acres
of land, and paid taxes on a valuation of about $45,000, holding, col-
lectively, more wealth than any other family in town. The Nelson fami-

LOCAL MATTERS. 193

lies came next with about 1900 acres, paying taxes on about $26,000 of
valuation. Dairying had become the chief industry, the source of wealth,
and no town in the state was better provided with the excellent pastur-
age necessary to secure an abundant supply of milk. From the very first
this has been a dairy town. When the land was first cleared, wheat was
sown as the quickest means of securing a return. When the logs and
stumps were in part cleared away, that part of the land not available
for field was turned into pasture. The growth of the industrj-, and its
changes are admirably described in a paper prepared by Mr. GilfiUan :

Dairying has been the leading pursuit of the farmers in Rvegate from the first
settlement of the town. The Scotch are natural dairymen, and much of the labor
is performed by the women. Man3- Scotchmen never learned to milk, but most
who came to this country were young men who soon did their part out of doors,
and the women did their part in doors. The small pans and dash churn, with
human hands to work the butter called for strength and patience, which were
given in the same large amount as was all the other work in those primitive
times. Every one was glad to do all one could for the home. There was plenty
of the best help, and labor was almost all the capital employed.

Little butter was made in winter, and all the feed used was raised on the
farm. Butter was packed in tubs and sold to the local dealer till about June,
when it was held in cool, clean cellars till late in the fall. Most farmers made a
trip to Boston in the earh' winter, taking their butter and other produce, and
purchasing a supply of the few necessaries not raised on the farms. Tea, coffee,
tobacco, sugar and spices were the groceries purchased. One hundred pounds of
sugar was often the limit for a year's supply, aside from maple sugar which some
made in small quantities, and others not at all.

We have spoken elsewhere of the manner of its conveyance, and it remains
only to be said that with the farmer and his family this visit to market was the
event of the year, and its incidents, with the narrative of the sights which were
seen, formed a topic for conversation for months afterward. The "pung" always
held something for every member of the family. When the railroad came these
visits to market gradually ceased.

The civil war was an era of change in everything, and soon after it the large
pan, the butter worker and the horse power came into use. Deep setting also
came into use, and about 1890 hand separators were introduced, but were used
but little in this town, A call for freshly made butter came from the cities, and
about 1870 a few began to make print butter. Western feed was purchased,
improved methods and richer feed soon increased the stock and many farms more
than doubled their herds. Meantime the labor on the farm fast increased and
there was less and less help to do it. Creameries began to appear in many sec-
tions, but Ryegate was conservative and slow to break away from the old time
independent method of "every one for himself There was a strife to make the
most butter to the cow, and get the highest price, which, unless very high was a
matter of great secrecy, Ryegate became one of leading dairy towns in the state,
and stood at the head for the largest production per cow.

After 1890 labor indoors was almost impossible to obtain. The young
women demanded a "new sphere," and it soon appeared that house work must

194 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

be given up. and the increased burden was too much for those who kept thehouse.
About this time the term ''abandoned farms" began to be heard, and solely for
the reason just stated, except a few which should never have been cleared from
the forest.

In 1893 four creameries were organized in this town. Ryegate, known as
Jerse3' Hill Creamery, was well named, and succeeeded wonderfully. The capital
stock was $3,Q00, held by 20 stockholders. The first officers were Geo. G. Nelson,
President, George Cochran, Treasurer. This creamery has taken many prizes
including sweep-stakes twice at the Vermont Dairymen's Association.

The South Ryegate creamery began work the last of November, 1873 with, a
capital stock of $3,000. A. Buchanan was the first president, W. N. Gilfillan,
secretary, S. Mills, Jr., treasurer. This creamery has had some poor luck by
reason of mistakes in its original plant. Its location is first class, and it might
easily have a large output, l)ut man^' in the section make their own butter or sell
milk.

East Ryegate creamery is located on the B. and M. R. R., and the capital
stock was $2500. The territory is somewhat limited, but it was a successful
enterprise for many years taking first class premiums, and a sweepstake.

The creamery at North Ryegate started with a capital stock of $1200, for
machinery, and rented Ijuildings for the plant, having only eight patrons at first
but steadily gained in numbers and was successful for some years, also capturing
prizes. At present (Nov 1910) it is running light owing to the sale of milk.

It would seem that these home enterprizes should be supported in preference
to outside concerns which oftener hurt than help their patrons. These creameries
were all co-operative in name. Had they been so in fact, there would have been
greater successes to record. When doing their best these creameries work up.
wards of 400,000 lbs. per year at an average value of about $100,000.

A few of the best dairymen have always made their own butter, and with
special markets have received high prices. Add to the value of the butter made
in town the stock raised and meat produced, and the total shows splendid returns
for the capital invested.

About 1870, Jersey stock was first introduced, and the improved breed soon
crowded out the native stock, which with intelligent care and treatment had
done well for a century. Of late the Guernsey have come into favor. With
proper care and feed the Jersey and Guernsey cows vi'ill produce 300 lbs and
upwards per cow. Owing to the great drouth of 1908 and 1909 many farmers
were obliged to reduce their stock — in some cases one-third. One firm of dealers
shipped nearly 1000 head of stock to the middle west, this stock giving satisfac-
tion, with demands for more.

The important question for farmers in this part of Vermont is — Shall we sell
milk, ship away the fertility of the soil which has cost us so much, and buy uncer-
tain stock, or continue to follow methods which have placed us at the head as the
best dairy town in the state ?

In connection v^ith dairying, and consequent upon it came exhibitions of
stock, and the best method of securing good results in farming. One ot the first
fairs in this part of the state was held in this town, but all we know of it is
derived from a single poster which has, somehow^, escaped destruction. It was
printed on gray paper, size nine by eleven inches, and is as follows:

LOCAL MATTERS. 195

RYEGATE CATTLE FAIR.
The Annual Cattle Fair will be held at Ryegate Corner on the 2d Tuesday
of Oct. next. The object of this Fair is for buying, selling and exchanging Horses,
Cattle, and all other kinds of property. The Farmers, Mechanics, Drovers,
etc., are requested to attend as it is expected there will be many cattle from adja-
cent towns which will give Gentlemen Drovers a great chance for Bargains. It is
expected that there will be a very extensive Vendue of Goods on said day.

NOAH DOE, ]

JAMES McCLURE. | ^

WALTER BUCHANAN, f Committee.
WILLIAM BUCHANAN, J
JOHN PAGE, Clerk.

Ryegate, Vt , Sept. 10, 1842.

A meeting of the State Board of Agriculture was held at South Ryegate on
Dec. 17th and 18th, 1888. Dr. Cutting was secretary, and E. R. Towle, M. W.
Davis and A. E. Perkins, members of the board were present and took part. The
Board strongly advised the formation of a Farmer's Club, and Mr. Pringle Gib-
son, who was chairman of an evening session, appointed a committee of five to
arrange the details for such an organization. At a meeting of the farmers held
on the 22d, the " Montpelier and W^ells River Valley Dairyman's Association"
was organized with W. J. Nelson, president, W^. N. Gilfillan, secretary. For many
years numerous meetings were held, where all the phases of farming were dis-
cussed, with the object of securing the best results from the best methods.
Upward of 500 columns of reports were sent to newspapers, thus many received
advantage from these meetings. The Association also did good work in helping
secure the Oleo-margarine Law, and made a strong protest against a silver stan-
dard.

In due time an exhibition of farm products was considered and a Farmer's
Club Fair was held on Sept. 12 and 13, 1888, located on land owned by Robert
Arthur, between the railroad track and the river, only a small piece of dry ground
which was cleared, was suited for the purpose. The plan was for a general
exhibition of farm products, stock, tools, etc. Diplomas were offered on a scale
of 100. There was music and a picnic dinner, and the affair was a success. A
special feature was an exhibition by the boys and girls of produce and handwork
of their own. This was one of the first exhibitions of the kind in this section.
No names were allowed on articles for prizes. Then the article was judged on its
own merits.

Naturally there was a fine display of dairy stock — sometimes 100 head were
exhibited, sometimes 100 head by a single owner. The exhibit of butter was
often fine, and an expert judge was employed. There were several balloon ascen-
sions, good bands, and well known speakers. These fairs were well patronized,
attracting people from several counties, and were kept up for sixteen years.
Why were they discontinued? Mainly 1)ecause the burden of the work involved
came upon a few farmers already having all they could do, and unequal to the
added toil and responsibility.

This trouble is nation wide, and many enterprises suffer Ijecause the farmer
has more to do and less help. Is it possible that we have been educating our
young people to leave the farm ? Is it not possible to correct this error, and save
them for the home life in work which Washington declared to be the most health-
ful, the most useful and most nobfe employment of man ?

196 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

The last fair was held on Sept. 6th and 7th, 1905, and when the gate was
closed for the last time a feeling of sadness came over those who had tried so long
to make it a success. We believe in home fairs, and the friendly competition of
neighbors in prizes given for merit, when the average farmer feels at home and
knows he has a fair chance to get a square deal.

Soon after the first fair a corporation was formed known as the "Caledonia
Park Association." The grounds were graded, the brook turned, suitable build-
ings were erected, generous premiums offered, and a full fledged fair held for many
years. Much valuable time, and many thousands of dollars were put into the
enterprise.

Prominent from the start in the Farmer's Club were the families of W. J.
Nelson, Geo. Cochran, J. B. Nelson, John McCall, W. W. Wright, A. M. Whitelaw,
Henry Whitcher, Geo. N. Park, D. Buchanan, J. Dickey, Albert Hall, N. H. Ricker,
W. T. McLam, R. H. Gates, Mrs. Carl Nelson and A. A. Miller.

Later, in the Park Asociation, and fair business were — James Johnston, Thos.
A. Meader, Teaton D. Nelson, Dr. G. W. Darling, Geo. G. Nelson, N. A. Park, F. J.
Tewksbury, O. H. Renfrew, and Robert Farquharson, who moved things, carried
the burdens, while many others did what they could, all giving their time, usually
without price. After the fairs were discontinued, the grounds were sold to James
Craigie, and used in the granite business, and for wood and lumber yards.

Farmers' socials were held in the homes, where the ladies conducted discussions
regarding home life and its problems. These gatherings were fine for their social
value, and bright ideas were brought directly to the minds of the men who thus
found out things needed, or changes that should be made to make home happier.

The Grange in some degree keeps up the work of the farmers' clubs. There is
great need for farmers to get together in some way, for their problems are many
and difficult to solve.

Blue Mountain Grange No. 263 of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry
was organized in the Town Hall at Ryegate April 25th, 1898 by special
Deputy R. B. Galusha.

Following is a list of the charter members :

Mr. and Mrs. David Buchanan,

Mr. and Mrs. George Cochran,

Nelson G. Cochran,

Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Bedell,

Mr. J. R. W. and Miss Mary Beattie,

I. H. GilfiUan.

Mr. and Mrs. R. F. Jaynes,

Mr. and Mrs. G. G. Nelson,

Mr. and Mrs. Y. D. Nelson,

Mrs. C. J. and Claude E. Nelson,

Mr. and Mrs. H. S. Sylvester.
Following is a list of the Masters, Treasurers, and Secretaries from
time of organization to present date.

LOCAL MATTERS.

197

1898 f Master-G. G. Nelson,
and <; Treas.— J. R. W. Beattie,

1899 iSec— I. H. Gilfillan.

[Master— T. A. Header,

1900 ^ Treas.— D. Buchanan,
(Sec— C. E. Nelson.

f Master — Geo. Cochran,

1901 { Treas. — D. Buchanan,
[Sec— T. A. Meader.

1902

1903

1904

1905

1906

1907

f Master-
<( Treas.—
[Sec.-L.

f Master-
{ Treas.—
[Sec.-L.

fMaster-
t Treas.—
[Sec.-F.

fMaster-
{ Treas.—
[Sec.-F.

fMaster-
< Treas.—
( Sec.-F.

fMaster-
{ Treas.—
(Sec- F.

-I. H. Gilfillan,
C. F. Smith,
J. Meader.

-C. F. Smith,
H. S. Powers,
A. Boardway.

-C. F. Smith,
H. S. Powers,
M. Powers.

-C. F. Smith,
I. H. Gilfillan,
M. Powers.

-C. E. Nelson,
C. F. Smith,
M. Powers.

-C. E. Nelson,
C. F. Smith,
M. Powers.

[Master— H. S. Powers,
1908 -jTreas.—C. F. Smith,

[Sec.-F. M. Powers until May, when she resigned and
I. H. Gilfillan was elected secretary.

{Master — Geo. Anderson,
Treas.— C. F. Smith,
Sec— I. H. Gilfillan.

(Master— N. G. Cochran,

1910 jTreas.— W. S. Lackie,

[Sec— E. M. Nelson until June, when she resigned and
I. L. Buchanan was elected.

[Master — Leslie F. Hall,

1911 <; Treas.— W. S. Lackie,
[Sec — Ina Lou Buchanan.

In August, 1899 the grange voted to buy the old schoolhouse at Rye-
gate Corner. Y. D. Nelson, T. A. Meader, and George Cochran were

198 HISTORY OF RYEOATE, VERMONT.

appointed committee and the building was purchased tor ($90) ninety
dollars and George Cochran was appointed trustee to receive the deed.
Repairs were made on the hall and was first occupied in Dec. 1899. In
May 1900 the hall was paid for and an organ purchased.

In March, 1902, land was purchased of M. J. McLam and plans
were discussed for rebuilding the hall, but not until two j^ears later was
the financial condition of the societ}^ such as to enable them to execute
their plans, but in the spring of 1904 a building committee of three,
namely — D. Buchanan, G. Cochran and J. L. Shackford, were appointed
to superintend the reconstruction of the building. The repairing was
completed and the hall dedicated Feb. 24, 1905.

There are sixty-seven members enrolled at the present date, Dec. 6,
1910. Applications for memberships have been constantly received
throughout the past year and the society is now in a more prosperous
condition than it has been for several previous years.

Respectfully submitted,

Ina Lou Buchanan, Secretary.

The town had been settled about fifty years before labor saving
machinery and appliances began to come into use. Swings for shoeing
oxen came about 1810, and the iron plow about 1820. The plow of
early date was of wood, with an iron point, and plates of iron were
attached to the wing and show where the wear came. The first win-
nowing mill was brought into Haverhill about 1815; probably not
earlier, here. The bent scythe snath began to be used about the same
time. Harrows were made from crotched trees, with teeth hammered by
the local blacksmith, and nothing ever used cost so much labor with so
little result as these old fashioned harrows. The cultivator began to be
used not far from 1850. We have not been able to learn when or by
whom the first horse rake or mowing machine were used in Ryegate.
The first horse rake in Newburj^ was used in 1835, and the first mowing
machine, a crude affair, in 1853. The first machines had but one wheel,
the cutter-bar extended at right angles and could not be raised or low-
ered. The scythe could not be stopped while the team was in motion
except by taking it out.

Mowing was a fine art in those days, and there were men who did
nothing but mow during haying. There are people who can remember
seeing eight or ten men mowing at once in the same field their scythes
keeping time.

LOCAL MATTERS. 199

The wages of farm labor have steadily increased with the diminish-
ing supply. Down to about 1840, eight dollars per month, "and found "
Avas called good pay for the season. In haying and harvest a dollar a
day was sometimes paid for extra help. These wages seem pitifully
small, but the hired man was as well paid proportionally as anyone, and
usually saved enough in a few years to buy a good farm. Help is now
scarce and dear. But the personal equation is the final test. Some men
are cheap at forty dollars a month and some are dear at board wages.

Carpenters were a little better paid. In 1798 a carpenter's pay was
about five shillings or 84 cts. per day. In 1810, one dollar a dav was
sometimes paid to a good workman who found his own tools. In 1820
shaved spruce shingles were sold for $2 per M., hemlock boards for $6
and clear pine, "old" pine, for $10 per M. Jonas Tucker of Newbury,
w^ho did the mason work on the brick house at the Corner, in 1830, was
paid $1 25 per day. He was a skillful mason, and would now command
three times that price. The mason does his work in the same manner as
his predecessor did seventy ^-ears ago, while the work of a carpenter,
owing to the aid of machinery is much changed.

CHAPTER XX.
Home Life in Eakly Days.

Linen Spinning. — Weaving. — Candle Making. — Domestic Pursuits. — Social
Customs.— Singing Schools —Writing Schools.

IN this chapter we propose to say somewhat about certain household
occupations which have either passed wholly into disuse, or are
only occasionally exercised by a few elderly persons. We are mind-
ful of the fact that most of these are of so recent employment as to be
well remembered by many who do not call themselves old by any means,
but considering also that in a half century hence these employments and
domestic pursuits will be only traditionary, their details will then become
interesting, and will add value to our narrative.

We have mentioned the domestic manufacture of woolen and linen
cloth without giving any account of the process by which the flax and
wool were converted into fabrics for wear.

Flax seed was usually sown about the first of May, broadcast like
grass seed, and in new cleared land it grew luxuriantly. Hemp seed was
also sown, but hemp was used only for coarse goods. Flax has beautiful
flowers of clear blue, and the plants are graceful, while hemp grows rank
and the blossoms are dull. When the flax was ripe, which was usually
about the middle of JuU^, it was pulled up by the roots, and laid out
carefully to dry in the sun for a few days, and was turned two or three
times a day till thoroughly cured. The stalks were then drawn through
a coarse comb with teeth of wood or wire, fastened in a plank, to detach
the seeds which were carefully saved for seed or for sale, as there was
alwavs a demand for them. The stalks were then tied in bundles, the
band being around the seed end, the base of the bundle being spread out.
Sometimes the flax was not tied, but was much easier handled, thus.
It was then spread on the ground, the tops all one way, and kept thor-
oughh^ wet for several days until the hard and woody substance forming
the stem of the plant was rotted, and the leaves would fall off" when
shaken. This step in the process completed, it was then dried, and tied
in bundles, the next thing being to "break" it.

The "flax break" was a heavy log of hard wood about five feet long,
a hewed side being set level about three feet from the ground, and several

HOME LIFE IN EARLY DAYS. 201

long slats were firmly fastened to it, lengthwise on the upper or flat side.
A similar set of slats, set in a heavy frame, and far enough apart to go
into the spaces between the lower slats, was hinged to one end of the log,
and heavily weighted at the other. The flax was laid on the lower slats,
and the upper frame, or knives, as the}' were often called, was brought
down with great force upon the stalks. A second beating was made
with a "break" in which the "knives" were set close together. Beating
flax was very hard work, and used as a unit of comparison with all other
kinds of toil. Flax was then "swingled" by being beaten over a block
of wood with a long wooden instrument shaped hke a dirk, to take out
any woody particles which had escaped the impact of the break. Break-
ing and swingling were done in the open air in sunny weather, when the
flax was as dry as it could be. Thirty-five or forty pounds of flax was a
good day's work for a strong man to swingle.

We may understand how strong and tenacious the flax is to stand all
this beating, but it is by no means yet prepared for spinning, for the next
process was called "striking" when the fibers were made into bundles
and pounded with a beetle, after being cleaned, and the fibers were then
drawn through an instrument called a "hetchel." This was made of
strong iron prong?, about five inches long, sharpened at one end, and
inserted upright in a board. About fifty of these were set in a base of
haid wood five inchesi: s,q;t)a,re, a«d the flax, slightly wetted, was drawn
through them, towards the operator, when all the woody particles were
combed out, as well as all the short and defective threads, and the tow
separated and removed.- Sometimes the flax was drawn through several
"hetchels" of successive degrees of fineness, and the fine filaments which
survived this process were laid out in long strands, ready for spinning.

A few flax wheels or "little wheels," as they were often called, are
preserved in Ryegate, and are beautiful specimens of workmanship. In
the early years most carpenters had a lathe, and did very good turning,
but the making of flax wheels was a special trade, and a man who made
them usually did nothing else. We wish it were possible to preserve the
names of some of these skillful artisans, but none are living who remem-
ber them.

The wheel was turned by a treadle, and the spinner kept her fingers
moist with water while at her task. When spun, the threads were
wound on a reel, forty revolutions of which, about eighty yards of
thread, made a "knot," twenty knots making a " skein," and to spin two
skeins was a good day's work.

Even then the process was not complete, for several washings, rins-
ings and bleachings were necessary before the thread was ready for the

202 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

loom. In earW times, and perhaps in Ryegate it was considered the
proper thing for a young woman about to be married to be able to show
her wedding outfit, spun, woven and made up by her own hands. The
immigrants from the north of Ireland who came here about the opening
of the 19th century, brought some new ideas which were readily adopted
by Ryegate people. But the cultivation of flax, and the manufacture of
linen ceased long ago in this town, and the mechanical processes which
we have described are now carried on by machinery in those parts of the
country where flax is raised in great quantities.

Some years before the linen industry died out in this part of the coun-
try, spinning machines came into use, and superseded the hand process.
In ISS'i WilHam Chalmers, who had been a linen spinner in Scotland,
came to Newbury, and later, imported spinning machinery from the old
country, and carried on the business of thread and cordage making for
many years at Corinth Centre.

The manufacture of the finest grades of linen cloth was considered a
fine art a century ago, and Mr. Miller mentions several ladies of the olden
time who were skilled in it, and beautiful specimens of their work are
carefully preserved by their descendants, who often know nothing what-
ever of the way in which they were made.

In preparing wool for making cloth, the fleece was carefully picked
over, and all the rough pieces thrown out, when it was washed, and
dried.

Before weaving came coloring, and there were secrets in the art which
were handed down from mother to daughter as a family inheritance.
The dyes were nearly all vegetable ones, and there were plants and barks
w^hich were especially valued. The account book of Thomas Barstow,
before cited, mentions only one commercial dye — indigo — which retailed
at two shillings or 34 cts. an ounce.

Some people always kept one or two black sheep, and mixed their
fleece with white wool, making a pretty grey called "sheep's grey." It
would thus seem that the "black sheep in the flock" may be made of
good use after all.

Before spinning came carding and the wool being carefully greased was
manipulated with cards like cattle cards. The process was thus: The
operator took a card in her left hand, resting it on her knee, and drew a
tuft of wool across it a number of times till the wire teeth were full.
Then with a second card, slightly warmed, the wool was deftly worked
into a "roll" for spinning. Wool combing was a different and more try-
ing process, and it was not much employed in Ryegate, but the thread
produced by it was superior to any other. It is doubtful if any one is

HOME LIFE IN EARLY DAYS. 203

left who can card wool, as the process went out of use with the intro-
duction of carding machines, but forty years ago there were old ladies
who would take the cards and work up a few rolls when they ran short.

Carding machines were introduced from England by a man named
Standrin, first manufactured near Boston, Mr. Asa Gookin being asso-
ciated with him in the business. Mr. Gookin made and patented several
improvements and about 1799 they removed their business to Haverhill,
N. H., and made carding machines at the falls on the Oliverian, north of
Haverhill Corner, then, and for many years after, a center of manufactur-
ing enterprise. Their machines soon drove out hand carding and were
sold to all parts of the country aid Canada One of .\Ir. Gookin's
machines was in use in this vicinit}' within a few years.

Spinning is still carried on in Ryegate, although to a limited extent,
and it is not necessary to describe a process which has been unchanged
for centuries. Spinning, unlike weaving, was entirely woman's work,
and there are elderly ladies here who remember that they learned to spin
when too small to reach the wheel, and had to stand upon a plank. When
the spindle was filled the thread wai wound upon the reel, each revolu-
tion making two \^ards. Forty turns or eighty yards made a knot, and
seven knots a skein. To spin six skeins was a good day's work for a
smart woman. In the illustration of the ancient kitchen of the James
Whitehill house the flax-wheel, the spinning wheel and the clock reel are
represented.

In man}'- houses a room was set apart for weaving, sometimes a
small building was erected for the purpose. Looms may still be in occa-
sional use, and are, literally heirlooms, as a well constructed loom will
outlast several generations of operators. A loom had to be accurately
constructed to do good work, and there were weavers in early days
whose work, on speciallv constructed looms, seems marvelous. Gen. A.
H. Hill in his account of Groton for Miss Heraenwa}', tells of Archibald
McLaughlin, who invented a loom on which his wife wove a coat in one
piece, sleeves, collar, lapels and all. This coat was taken to Washington
by Gen. Mattocks and exhibited to Congress, who presented the inventor
with a reward of fifty dollars for his ingenuity. It would seem that in-
ventive genius so unusual should have been encouraged to direct its
labors into channels which would have brought the inventor both fame
and wealth. He went west in 1837.

There were weavers who wove very intricate patterns, and in the
History of Windham, N. H., it is mentioned that a piece was woven
using fourteen treadles, giving many combinations of color. Weaving
need not be described here, but a word may be said about the shuttles,

204 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

some of whicli are carefully preserved. There was a man in Danville
whose name the writer can neither recall or ascertain who made shuttles
which were considered superior to all others, just whjMS not remembered.

Reed making was a special art and the reeds or "sleys," as they were
sometimes called, were thin strips of cane or metal, inserted side, by side,
fastened at both ends in strong parallel strips of wood, as long as the
width of the loom permitted.

The warp threads were passed between each pair, and the number of
these to the inch indicated the fineness of the cloth, or the "set of the
web" as it used to be called. For very fine linen there might sometimes
be sixty of these thin strips to the inch. Reeds for common weaving of
woolen cloth had about twenty strips.

John Cochrane, who lived in Newbury near the Bradford line, was a
reed maker, and supplied the reeds for looms over a wide extent of coun-
try, A daughter of his, who died in Newbury, Jan. 16, 1909, in her 102d
year, recalled, when in her hundredth year, how she accompanied her
father when a child of seven years, in one of his rounds through Rye-
gate, Barnet, Peacham and Danville, where he stopped at nearly every
house to inspect repair or replace the reeds in the looms, w^hich were
then found at every farm.

The weaving itself was comparatively plain and simple work, but
experience, patience and constant care were indispensable to properly
wind the warp upon the beam and have each thread carefully draw^n
through the harness and reed. The number of yards woven in a day
depended upon the fineness of the cloth. In weaving broadcloth of about
thirty threads to the inch, three yards was a good day's work, in which
the shuttle was thrown over three thousand times, the treadles pressed
down, and the "batten" (the swinging frame in which the reed was
secured) was swung against the cloth the same number of times. In
weaving intricate patterns where several colors in both warp and filling
were used, all the skill and experience of the weaver were called into ac-
tion. On many farms there was a small piece of grassy ground, near the
house and contiguous to a spring or running brook called the"bleaching-
field," which maj'^ in one or two instances still bear the name, and near
which the linen cloth was spread out for bleaching during several weeks,
and slightly wetted each day.

Some one has remarked that between the sowing of the seed and the
time when fine linen was ready for making up, the product passed
through no fewer than thirty different processes, occupying about eighteen
months. It was the great amount of labor put into the work that
made the high price of fine linen.

HOME LIFE IN EARLY DAYS. 205

We must not fail to note that such domestic arts as spinning and
weaving gave employment incidentally to many persons, from carpenters
who constructed the looms to cabinet makers who made flax-wheels,
shuttles and the like.

" The light of other days " was a tallow candle in an iron candlestick,
whose absence was supplied by a block of wood with a hole to receive
the candle. Dr. Currier remembers attending a writing school kept by
John Bigelow in the Whitelaw schoolhouse, which was lighted by tallow
candles stuck in potatoes. But in general the evening light came from
the open fire, the candle being used to read or work by or to go about
the house with. Most families had brass candlesticks for ornament of
the parlor mantle, and for use on state occasions. To burn more than
one candle at a time bordered on extravagance. In our time, when
many of our houses are flooded with brilliant light by a turn of the fin-
gers, such evenings seem far away, yet people not yet turned of sixty can
remember when candles furnished almost the only light in the houses.
Candles are still made by being run in moulds, but in early days they
were made by dipping, which is almost a forgotten art. A smart woman
with sufficient assistance in keeping up a fire and handling the heavy ket-
tles, could dip about two hundred candles in a day.

It cannot be ascertained at what period oil lamps came into occa-
sional use in this town, certain^ not before 1820, as Mr. Livermore
thinks there were not more than one or two at that date in Haverhill
Corner, which was understood at that time to lead in every improvement.

Illuminating gas was introduced into Boston about 1822, and its
brilliant light was one of the Avonders which were dwelt upon by the
privileged few who made a vist to the metropolis. An uncle of the writer
who about 1830 was a merchant in the upper part of the Kennebec val-
ley, was about starting for Boston one morning, when one of his neigh-
bors came in, an old gentleman, and asked him to make a purchase in the
city. " My ej'esight is getting poor," said he, "and I cannot see to read
by candle light. Now I have heard a great deal about gas, and the won-
derful light it makes. I want to try it, and, Mr. Palmer, if you will
bring me home a shillings worth of gas, I will be glad to pay you for
your trouble."

Sperm oil gradually came into use and was better than candle light,
but the lamps were smoky and ill-smelling. Kerosene was introduced in
1858, and was preceded by several compounds, one of which, called
camphene, gave a brilliant light, but was highly explosive.

Friction matches were invented about 1832, and came into general
use within a few years. Before that time the only way to start a fire

206 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

was by striking a spark with flint and steel. It was a principle of domes-
tic economy never to let the fire go out on the family hearth, and the
coals were carefully covered with ashes at bed time. But in spite of all
precaution the fire sometimes went out, and there may be one or two old
people who can remember when they were sent to a neighbors "to get
some fire."

The first stove in this part of the country is understood to have been
set up about 1795, in the house of Rev. David Goodwillie at Barnet, by
his brother who was a tinsmith at Montreal. Stoves for heating were
certainly in use as early as 1800, and cooking stoves of some kind were
made at Franconia as early as 1820. In 1828, and perhaps earlier, E. &
T. Fairbanks were agents at St. Johnsbury for the Franconia Iron
Works, and kept a stock of stoves, kettles, plows and ^ther iron ware
made at Franconia, where the industry ceased forty years ago and more.

In those early days when transportation of heavy articles was expen-
sive, such manufacturing establishments appointed selling agents in
different parts of the country, from whence their products were distrib-
uted. In 1830 the Tyson Furnace Company of Plymouth, Vt., erected a
large building at Newbury for the storage and sale of their products.
But the early cooking stoves were crude, and not popular for baking,,
and the brick oven was in general use until about 1860, and may be still
in one or two farm houses.

There will be no brick ovens left soon, and the quality of their pro-
duct will be only a tradition, but no one who ever tasted the bread and
beans which the old brick ovens produced will ever believe that any
modern range, however constructed, can produce viands which equal
their delicious flavor. The drawback was the time and labor required to
get the mass of masonry into the proper heat. The oven was filled with
finely split wood, replenished until the bricks were thoroughly heated, the
smoke escaping through a hole into the chimney. When properly heated
the fire was drawn, the oven swept, and filled with joints of meat, pots of
beans, loaves of bread, pies and cakes. The mouth of the oven was closed,
the mass of brick gave out a steady heat, and the oven could be safely
trusted to bake to a turn each article intrusted to its keeping, the experi-
enced housewife withdrawing from time to time the various edibles
according to the time necessary to cook them. But for common baking
the open fire was used, and various contrivances were emplo3^ed to hold
the bread while being cooked.

Mr. Mason says that barley, prepared in several ways, was much
used by the first settlers, and that some were slow to like the taste of
corn bread, preferring the oatmeal of their native land.

HOME LIFE IX EARLY DAYS. 207

At no other time, and in no other occupation were all the members of
a family so closely associated as in farming in the way it was carried on
eighty years ago. The girls and younger women spread and raked hay,
and were skillful reapers, husked corn, and milked. In many families
there were elderly unmarried women, each of whom assumed the charge
of some part of the domestic economy. One such is remembered, going
about the farm, watching with maternal care over the young calves and
lambs, sure to be seen in the cold spring rains, a sturdy figure among the
hills, with a huge apron in which anj' chilled and shivering lamb found
warmth and comfort.

In those days of large families it often happened that a man died
leaving several small children for whom places were usually found among
the neighbors or relatives, and couples, rare in those days, who had no
children of their own, often opened their hearts and homes to the
orphans. The children of the very poor were bound out by the authori-
ties during minority, to receive, on coming of age, a certain sum in cash
and valuables as a start in life. Sometimes this trust was misplaced,
and once or twice at March meetings the authorities were directed "to

look into certain reports regarding the children." Let us hope that

they went to the bottom of matters. But there were excellent men and
women in Ryegate who owed their success in life to their careful training
by those who " took them to bring up."

In early days, and down to the time when girls began to go to Low-
ell and other places to w^ork in the mills, the only occupations open to
women were teaching, sewing, domestic service, and the care of the sick,
all ver}' poorly paid. We have already noted the wages paid to teachers.
Tailoresses and seamstresses were a little better paid, often, however, in
farm produce, or home made cloth.

Housekeepers of our day must sigh for those days when the best
possible domestic help could be had for seventy-five cents a week, and
this, as old account books show, w^as the common price seventy ^^ears
ago. In special cases a dollar a week was paid, and, not infrequently
domestic service continued for years. There was an instance in Haver-
hill where a woman was the trusted and beloved housekeeper in one
family for thirty-five years, and the tie which bound her to the household
was as strong as that which bound its members to each other.

The cash expenses of a family in fair health in those days were so
small, that almost all the money which came in was clear gain. At the
sixtieth wedding anniversary of Nathaniel Roy and wife of Barnet about
thirty-five years ago, it was stated that the famil}^ although well-to-do
and hospitable, had not in all those years, bought a pound of sugar or

208 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

meat or flour. The farm had produced all that the household required, and
this was a common case. Mr. Miller mentions a family in this town in
which the cash expenditures did not average more than twenty-five dol-
lars a year during thirty years. All was produced or obtained by barter.

These things are within the memory of many not yet old. But such
have been the changes, and so many are yet to come, that sixty years
hence it will be hard to conceive conditions like those we have described.

R^^egate as it then was, constituted a self-supporting community,
and if the town had been surrounded by a wall or turned into an island
and put out to sea, its inhabitants would have got along about as well
as before.

But after all is said that can be said, we live in better days. Our
houses are better built, we are better clothed, our roads are better, and
although we may not have a greater plenty of food, we have a greater
variety of it, and we draw upon distant states and foreign countries to
suppW our tables.

Communication, then slow and tedious, is instantaneous, In those
days a journey to Boston and back required almost a week, and a trial
of endurance. We breakfast in Ryegate, dine in Boston, and are home
before sun set. The standard of living is higher; the facilities for reading
and education are incomparably better; our opportunities are vastly
greater. And when we have concluded these comparisons, and congratu-
lated ourselves upon all these changes, most of them for the better, some
personal questions arise which are not easy to answer or to evade.

It is the testimony of all whose memories extend through many
years that there is at the present time nothing like the sociability which
people had in earlier days — that families do not visit as people did then,
that there is not the interest felt in neighborhood affairs, and that in
time of sickness or trouble people do not help each other as they used to
do, but call in strangers who for hire perform those ofiices which were
once rendered b}' the kindness of neighbors and friends. That this is true
cannot be denied, but the cause lies in the changed conditions of society,
and we do not believe that hearts are less warm or sympathetic because
people are no longer dependent upon personal meetings to learn of each
other's welfare, or because they hire a trained nurse in sickness, rather
than depend upon the good offices of neighbors and kindred.

Two institutions, — wanting schools and singing schools — which, in
other years had a large share in the social life of the young people, seem
to have passed away, and there is little on record concerning either, but
Mr. Goodwin remembered both as being held at the Corner as long ago
as 1827. Writing schools were serious and practical in their nature, and

HOME LIFE IN EARLY DAYS. 209

their attendance was limited, but the witchery of the singing school drew
the young people from far and near. The entertainment there provided
was innocent of harm, practical and uphfting. Many thus received their
first impressions of music. In these gatherings pleasure and instruction
were about equally mingled ; where acquaintances were made, friend-
ships formed, and around which gather the happiest memories.

The psalmody of those days in Ryegate gave little encouragement to
elaborateness in church music, but there were some fine performers upon
stringed and wind instruments. Seventy years ago, according to Dr.
Currier, there still remained several skilled manipulators of the bag-
pipes, and there have been some fine performers on the cornet and the
violin. Gen. Whitelaw, according to old letters, was a creditable per-
former upon the latter instrument, and the fame of Willie Brock, son of
Dea. Andrew Brock, has come down to our day.

" When Willie fiddled, sir, folk had to dance whether thej' liked or no,
they couldna help themselves." There must have been something mar-
velous in his playing if we may judge from the accounts of old people,
and his fame was by no means local, as he was often called upon to fur-
nish music at assemblies as far away as Plymouth and Littleton. After
him Robert Henderson and others were well known.

Balls and dances were discountenanced by the more serious portion
of the community, j^et such there were, and the old taverns usually had a
large room which was set apart for such gatherings.

CHAPTER XXI.
Professional and Other Matters.

Physicians.— The Insane. — Lawyers.— Merchants at the Corner.— Vt
South Ryegate.— The Old Militia.— Masonry.— An Historic Fake.

THE first physician to attend a case in Ryegate was Dr. Gideon
Smith of Newbury, as there is an item in the Company's book to
to that effect, March 10, 1774-. There was no educated physician
here till Dr. Perry came, at least for any length of time, although there
were one or two who claimed some acquaintance with the healing art,
and practised to a small extent, but the town was dependent upon its
neighbors for medical service. Dr. Samuel White settled in Newbury as a
physician in 1773, and continued in practice till near his death, Jan. 25,
184-8, in his 98th year. Dr. White was for manj^ years the principal
physician in this region, and had a large number of patients in Ryegate.
He lived most of the time, after 1806, on Jefferson Hill, and is buried
there. He was a surgeon in the revolutionary war, and had twelve chil-
dren, none of whom ever married, and the family is extinct. Two of his
account books which are owned by Mrs. Z. A. Richardson of St. Johns-
bur\', begin in 1773, and end in 1782. These give us some idea of the
state of medical science during the early days of Ryegate's settlement.
His charge for a visit in this town was from three to five shillings, medi-
cine being extra. In these two books about one hundred and forty
remedial agents are mentioned. Physic stands first, same sort being
used over fifteen hundred times. Bleeding was common. Scarcely a
dozen surgical operations are mentioned, and these were simple fractures
of arms or legs. The oldest people in town remember Dr. White very
well. He was a very genial man, inspiring confidence. Some one has
said that "more people were cured by their faith in Dr. White's skill than
by the skill itself ! "

Mr. Goodwin said that a Dr. Franklin, the same who is mentioned
as a schoolmaster on p. 159, was in practice in this town about 1829,
but went away and became eminent in the profession.

Dr. Perry began practice about 1825, and since that date there has
always been an educated physician in Ryegate. Dr. Darling and son

PROFESSIONAL AND OTHER MATTERS. 211

have been in practice here since 1861. Several doctors from other towns
had many patients in R3-egate, among them Dr. John McNab, at McTn-
does and Wells River, Dr. Nelson at Barnet, and his son Dr. James R.
Nelson at Wells River.

It would be interesting if we had the space, to say somewhat of the
changes in the study and practice of medicine in the past century. In
early days there were no medical colleges where the science was taught,
or hospitals where the student might acquire experience. A \'Oung can-
didate for medical practice "studied" with a physician ; that is, he read
his books, took care of his horse, rode about with him on his rounds,
and gradually became intrusted with his simpler cases. It was not till
about 1795 that the first medical school in this part of the country was
established in connection with Dartmouth College, by Dr. Nathan Smith.
For several 3'ears Dr. Smith was the entire faculty and a ver^' capable
one too, one of the most' eminent physicians of his time. He was once
sent for to conduct a very difficult surgical operation in Barnet, which he
performed successfully in the presence of several physicians. After the
operation the father of the boy who had been treated, asked the amount

of the fee. Dr. Smith said "Mr. I want you to tell me, as nearly as

you can, how much you are worth." The reply was given. " Then sir,
I shall charge you fifty dollars."* A biography of Dr. Smith was pub-
lished several years ago.

Ryegate seems to have been remarkably free from epidemics of all
kinds, and when the spotted fever raged with great virulence in 1815, Mr.
Mason says that there were only a few scattered cases here. But in
other towns, especially in Warren, N. H., its visitation was severe,
v^rhole neighborhoods w^ere almost depopulated, and entire families dis-
appeared. In Bradford there were six deaths in one da3\ Nothing could
check the disease, and people who were well in the morning died before
night. It seemed finally to die out of its own accord. Dr. Wellman of
Piermont, called to attend a patient in Warren, was himself taken sick
and died before morning.

The beneficent progress of medical science is shown in the alleviated
condition of the insane, and those who were born mentally or physically
defective. The condition of the hopelessly insane was terrible, as there
were then no asylums for treatment or safe keeping. Mr. Miller men-
tions the case of a man in RAXgate of a family now extinct here, who
became violently insane, and was confined for several years in an out-
building, where he was secured like a wild beast by a chain around his

* This anecdote was related to the editor many years ago by a person who
was present.

212 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

body. A similar case occurred in Topsham. In Piermont a son of the
Dr. Wellman whom we have just mentioned, was brought home from
Boston a raving maniac. He was confined for more than twenty terrible
years in a strong cage constructed in one of the chambers of his mother's
house. About an hour before his death his reason returned to him. " He
remembered only in the vaguest possible manner the long span of dark-
ness through which he had passed, with the trouble he had caused and
begged his mother to forgive."

The condition of those who were blind or deaf from birth, or who
lost the sense of sight or that of hearing at an early age was pitiable.
Until about the middle of the century there were no schools where either
could be taught, and acquire training which made them self-supporting.

Physicians of the olden time, when the country was new, made their
rounds on foot or horseback and in winter on snow shoes. Their labors
were arduous, their pay was small, but in general, they were very supe-
rior men, their influence was wide and enduring.

The records in this volume show that several natives of Ryegate
became physicians, and each, it is believed, practised with a fair degree
of success.

The town has not been a fertile field for lawj'ers, and with the excep-
tion of Mr. Dunnett, whose practice began here, it is not believed that
any one, regularly admitted to the bar ever was settled in the profession
in Ryegate. In early years there was more litigation than now, and a
better field for lawyers. When one consults the formidable list of law-
yers in Haverhill, Bath and Peacham a century ago, and for many years
before and after, the wonder grows how so many could have got a living
— much more how many of them became wealthy. The disputes over
land titles, now long settled, were a fruitful source of revenue for the legal
profession, and in many cases when the ownership of land was the sub-
ject of litigation, the successful litigant found himself obliged to turn the
property over to his lawyer in payment of his fees. It also seems that
people went to law on less provocation than they do now. Mr. Miller
mentions a case in which two men, one of them living in Ryegate, got
into a dispute about a pound a tea and each spent several hundred dol-
lars before the case was decided. There were men who were never happy
unless they were in law with some one and seldom failed to have a case
in court. Rev. David Sutherland says that when he came to Bath in
1804, Esq. Buck held a justice court at the village every Monday and
was seldom without cases to try. Strong drink was at the bottom of
the trouble in many cases. There is about one law suit now where there
were five eighty years ago.

PROFESSIONAL AND OTHER MATTERS. 213

Mr. Mason says that John Cameron started the first store in Rye-
gate although neither he or Mr. Miller mention the year, but the town
had been settled nearly forty years before a store was opened. Mr.
Mason says that Alexander McDonald brought a small stock of goods
and sold them at his house, where James R. Hunter now liyes, the year
before Cameron opened his store, which was where Mr. Thompson re-
sides at the Corner. Mr. Cameron, who was usually called Judge Cam-
eron, carried on a yer\^ extensiye business along seyeral lines, being a
droyer, an occupation in early days very important, requiring great
sagacity, energy and capital. Capt. Wm. Page in 1879 told Mr. Miller
that in 1817 Nutter and Wiggin opened a store at the Corner, which
they conducted for some time. Mr. Nutter married a daughter of An-
drew Brock and the store was in the Red Tayern.

Alexander Haryey was first a clerk for Mattocks & Newell of Peacham,
and was sent by them to open a branch store at Ryegate Corner, in
which he succeeded so well that he bought the goods and went into busi-
ness on his o\yn account, in 1818 or 1819, keeping a general country
store, buying stock and produce, making frequent trips to Boston. He
built the "old Corner Store" about 1818, Mr. Miller belieyed, but Mr.
Goodwin thought it to haye been built in 1816. The old store, one of the
landmarks of Caledonia Count}-, has thus been in constant mercantile
use fur nearly a century, and is almost unchanged without and within.
The desk and counters are the original ones and this long low room has
held several generations of Ryegate customers. In early days rum was
sold as freely as anything else and "liquor enough was sold there to
float a ship."

Mr. Haryey continued in business till January, 1835, when he sold to
George Cowles. Mr. Cowles conducted the store alone till January,
1838, when he took his brother James into partnership, and the firm
continued in business till October, 1844, when James retired, and removed
from Ryegate. In 1865, Alexander Cochran bought Mr. Cowles out,
and carried on business in the old store till 1889, when he sold out to
John A. McLam, the present proprietor.

Mr. Mason says that in 1832 Pease & Bailey kept store in the Peters
building, and, later, about 1837, John Morrill, and after him William
Morrill kept store in the brick house.

The Morrills were merchants, inn-keepers, owned the stage line
between Haverhill, N. H., and Stanstead, and were mail contractors.
Andrew J. Morrill's name should be added to the list of postmasters at
the Corner, as he held the office in 1841 and before. A receipted bill
owned by Alfred Morrill of Benton, N. H., shows that the amount due

214 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

from the office was $13.58% for the quarter ending Dec. 31, 1840. The
Morrills kept store at one time in a house which stood where Wm. Mc-
Canna now lives and which was burned in the fire of 1899. The post
office was in that house.

This seems to conclude the list of merchants at the Corner in early
davs. In 1894 J. R. W. Beattie erected a two story building on the lot
next south of the Reformed Presbyterian Meeting house, and fitted up a
store in modern style, in which he conducted a successful business. On
Aug. 16, 1899, the store took fire and was burned, the church also being
destroyed. Since that date the Old Corner Store has held the entire mer-
cantile business at the Corner, and the merchant who first occupied that
building would find modern business methods as strange as the faces
which he would see there now. The merchant of a century ago, and for
long afterwards, was a trader, and was called such in general speech.
Very little money was in circulation and he took his pay in farm produce,
lumber, shingles or whatever the farmer had to spare. " All was fish that
came to his net." If his credit was good the customer was allowed to
run up a bill, which was balanced by a promissory note, by labor or by a
"head or two of fat cattle." The latter were collected from time to time,
and driven to market, as the merchant was often a cattle buyer as well.
The "back room," cellar, and all available storage room were filled with
the articles taken in trade, waiting to be sent to market. The butter
brought ill by a score of farmer's wives was worked over and packed in
tubs for market. Upon his skill in disposing of the produce collected in
the way of trade the prosperity of the merchant depended. If he was
shrewd in bargains with his customers at home, and fortunate in his
sales "down country," he grew rich. There were some traders with a
genius for "swapping," and a keen eye for the best end of a bargain.
His temptation was to attempt to carry too many lines of business,
leaving too much to others. Mr. Goodwin said that Judge Cameron left
the management of his store in charge of his clerk, while he pursued
his other schemes, financial and political, a division of interests which
brought about his ultimate failure. But others by assiduity, by an hon-
esty and a kindness which won public confidence, laid the foundation of
the modest fortunes of those days.

The principal merchants in this part of the country kept teams con-
stantly on the road between here and Boston, to bring the lighter and
most valuable goods, while the heavier merchandise was brought to
Wells River by boat. But the Ryegate merchants never carried on such
extensive business as some in Danville and Peacham.

The names of all who have been in trade at South Ryegate cannot be

OLD STORE AT KYEGATE. BUILT ABOUT 1818.

part of gen. whitelaw's house 15x30, standing on hermo.x
miller's farm until 1909.

EW YORK

PROFESSIONAL AND OTHER MATTERS. 215

recalled, but those who were in business for some time appear to have
been as follows: The first store was opened by Charles Stuart about
1848, and was conducted by him till he went west in 1853. The second
merchant in the place seems to have been Archibald Renfrew, from Nov.
1851 to Feb. 1853, when he sold to West Darling and Calvin Clark, who
conducted business a few months. Mr. Stuart sold his store to John
Peach and James White. Robert Nelson bought out Peach & White in
the fall of 1855, and a 3'ear later, sold to George L. Hall. Mr. White
who had been in business alone, and was postmaster, sold a half interest
in his store to Mr. Hall, and they were in company till 1868, after
which the latter continued in trade till 1886.

The opening of the "Swamp Road," in 1860, from South Ryegate to
the Lime Kiln neighborhood in Newbury, brought more trade to the
place. About 1863 Dr. John B. Darling opened a store at the corner of
the road leading to Jefferson Hill, where he with his sons carried on an
extensive business for many years. They bought also the Wilson store
at West Newbury, a Mr. Adams who had been a clerk in the store of A.
T. Stewart in New York City being their manager, at that place. This
store was burned Feb. 21, 1888.

In 1891, William Terry, who had been engaged in peddling goods
nearly twenty years, ah J fesided just over the Newbury' line, formed a
partnership with Wm. T. George and A; T. Gay, under the firm name of
Terry, George & Gay, who bought the stock of goods of J. B. Darling &
Son, continuing business at the Darling stand for three years, when Mr.
Gay sold his interest to_.the.-,par-tners; and the firm became Terry &
George. About seven years later Mr. Terry bought out the interest of
Mr. George, conducting the business under his own name, Charles E. F,
Miller owning a half interest, being a silent partner, this association
continuing about six and a half years. In the meantime M. H. Gibson
had erected the brick block, and put in a large stock of goods, while Mr.
Terry, whose sons had grown up with him in the old Darling store de-
sired larger quarters for his trade and the firm bought out Mr. Gibson's
stock of goods and moved into the new store in June, 1906. The}' had
been nearly sixteen years in the Darling store, and being the only general
merchant in the place, their business during the last year amounted to
above $36,000. When the firm moved into the brick block, Mr. Terry
feeling the need of change, sold his interest to his son, B. L. Terry, retain-
ing the stove and farm machinery part of the business. Mr. Miller is still
a silent partner in this concern.

Sly and Darling were also merchants in the village in its early days.

The opening of the railroad and the development of the granite busi-

216 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT,

ness attracted other merchants, and R. F. Carter set up a store and also
a hotel in connection with the Ryegate Granite Works.

In 1892 Mr. Pringle Gibson, who had sold his farm near the Corner,
erected a large building near the depot, and opened a general store, later
taking his son into partnership, the firm name being P. Gibson & Son.
They were succeeded by Harry W. Hibbard, who carried on the business
along the same lines until burned out in the fire of 1898.

In 1902 Martin H. Gibson erected the present brick block in the
"burned district," which contains the store of B. L. Terry and the post-
office.

After the Terrys left the Darling building it was repaired, and A. T.
Gay conducted a store there for some time, and was succeeded by Mr.
Simpson. A Mr. Doten was in South Ryegate for some years in the
watch, clock and fancy goods business and Mr. A. T. Gay conducted a
similar one till burned out in the fire of 1898.

A. F. Mulliken operated a store for the sale of hardware in connec-
tion with his establishment at Wells River.

On the morning of Oct. 20, 1898, fire broke out in the livery stable oi
Charles Oakley which destroyed all the buildings between the railroad
and the main street, from the depot to the road leading across the river.
The general store of H. W. Hibbard, the stores of A. F. Mulliken and A.
T. Gay, were burned together with the post office, a dwelling house occu-
pied by Thos. McGuckin, and a stable owned b}^ the Ryegate Granite
Works. The loss, about $30,000, was a severe blow to the place.

During the civil war, under the stimulus of an inflated currency,
prices rose rapidly, and it was many years after its close that they
resumed their normal rate. Flour sold at $20 per barrel, print cloth
could hardly be had at any price, wool brought $1.00 a pound, butter
fifty cents and most other articles in proportion.

We have not the space to enter into any detailed account of the
weather here in Ryegate during the period of its history, but a few prom-
inent occasions may be mentioned, which were landmarks in people's
memories as long as they lived.

In the year 1788 it rained every day from the 27th of June till the
26th of August, and much hay and grain rotted on the ground. The
following spring was late and cold, and it was not till the end of May
that cattle got their living at pasture. But the rest of the year was fine
and the season fruitful.

PROFESSIONAL AND OTHER MATTERS. 217

The history of Haverhill, Mass., says that the winter of 1779-'80,
was remarkably long and cold, and for forty successive days, including
the entire month of March, the snow did not thaw on the south sides of
houses, as far south as that place. President D wight, in relating the
journey which we have mentioned in the opening sentence to this volume,
says that on the 17th of February, 1802, a snow storm began which
lasted a week, and it was estimated that more than four feet fell. On the
other hand there were periods of remarkably warm weather in winter.
In the month of December, 1794, the ground froze only once, and people
kept on with their plowing and other fall work till after Christmas.
The seasons from 1812 to 1816 were very cold and the times were hard,
the second war with England occurring during that period. The year
1816 was long known as the '"cold year" and the "famine 3'ear." The
season was early and warm, and people hoped that brighter days had
come. But the summer was verj' cold, there was frost in every month,
and Moosilauke was white twice in July and three times in August. "On
the 5th of June some masons who were building a brick house at Bath
Upper Village were compelled to abandon their work until the 10th, as
the mortar froze in the open air." The corn was entirely destroyed in
that year — only a few saved enough for seed by building fires in their
corn fields. Even the wheat did not fill, and had it not been for the re-
markably heavy crop of oats many must have perished. Thousands of
people subsisted on oatmeal who had never tasted it before; and the mill
at Boltonville had to run night and da}' to grind the oats which were
brought to it from every quarter, and then it was that people blessed the
Scotch for having invented oatmeal. Money was very scarce and provi-
sions were dear. There was much suffering from hunger, and even the
well-to-do were hard pressed. Potatoes were an entire failure. Mrs.
Eleanor Knight of Newbur\% who could in 1908, remember that time
very well, said that there were people who boiled potato tops and other
greens for food, and would go long distances to get even them. "Chil-
dren would talk about being good, for perhaps the}' would die when
winter came, and would have nothing to eat." On the 15th of June
about a foot of snow fell. On the 28th of August there was a frost
which destroyed all vegetation, and the leaves on the trees. The next
3'ear was somewhat more genial but five inches of snow fell in R^'cgate
on the 15th of Ma}', and on the 16th of June there was a hard frost
which froze potatoes to the ground.

Much has been written about these famine years, but no adequate
explanation of their cause can be found. There has been no recurrence of
such a period. It must not seem strange that some became discouraged,

218 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

and, selling what they had in Ryegate, sought a more genial clime. Some
of these prospered, others made their way back, poorer than they went.

On May 15th, 1834, came the great snow storm, from which old peo-
ple dated the events of years before and after. The season was an early
one, plum and apple trees were in full bloom, and much corn had been
planted. Trees were in full leaf. On the 13th in the afternoon, it sud-
denlv began to grow cold, the next day was cold and about daylight on
the 15th it began to snow, and continued till ten o'clock, gathering at
the rate of an inch in each ten minutes for two hours. Hon. John Bailey
saj'S that on Jefferson Hill in Newbury three feet fell, and there could
hardly have been less on the Ryegate hills. Mr. Mason mentions a num-
ber of instances where people who went out to get horses, cattle and
sheep from the hills became bewildered in the storm, and were rescued
with difficulty. The next day was so cold that water froze in the houses,
and it was not till the 17th that bare ground appeared. We should
naturally suppose that all the apple and plum blossoms would have
been killed, yet all the old people said that 1834- was a great fruit year.
How little we understand the laws of vegetation ?

Mr. Whitelaw, writing to Scotland on the 25th of June, 1780, made
no mention of the "Dark Day," which was on the 19th, by which we
may suppose that the phenomenon was not so remarkable in this part of
the country as to cause him to write about it. We could wish he had
observed, and given us some account of it in his precise and graphic man.
ner, as it w^as observed and commented on in Newbury and Haverhill.
The darkness was here supposed to he caused bj-^ smokes from clearing
land, and it was not verj- dark at any time. Mr. Mason only says that
people could not see to read in the houses without candles. In this local-
ity the morning was fair with a light shower, and the day was very still.
About ten o'clock it began to grow dark, and remained dark till evening.

In southern New England at noon it was too dark to see to read in
the open air, and at four o'clock it was as dark as it usually is at mid-
night when there is no moon. Birds went to their nests, and some species
flew into the houses, as if seeking human protection, while cattle came
home from the pastures, uttering strange cries of distress. People
thought that the end of the world had come, and in places where there
were churches, people gathered in them and held services. It was the
night of the full moon, but it was intensely dark, while all lights burned
with great brilliancy. With sun rise the darkness passed away.

Scientific men have differed as to the cause of this strange occurrence.
It has been thought that some meteor, or other wanderer through space
came between the earth and the sun. The darkness was not observed

PROFESSIONAL AND OTHER MATTERS. 219

west of the Hudson. In his poem of Abraham Davenport, the poet
Whittier has embalmed in literature an incident ot that day.

The "Yellow Day." of September 6, 1881, will not be forgotten by
those who are old enough to remember it.

The metoric shower of Nov. 13, 1833, when thousands of meteors,
some of them of dazzling brillianc}^ fell in a few hours, was a wonderful
occurrence and seen in all parts of the country.

Several buildings have been burned by lightning in this town, but it
is believed that only one person has ever been killed by it. Elizabeth,
daughter of Wni. McKindley, was killed by lightning Aug. 1, 1857,
while raking hay. Some years ago a horse in the barn of Y. D. Nelson
was killed by lightning, and a man who was caring for it was severely
shocked, and injured by the horse falling upon him. Many years ago the
barn of Wm. N. Gibson was struck and burned, after it was filled with
hay and grain, a heavy loss. Thunder storms in winter are rare, but such
have been. On the 18th of January, 1817, there was a thunder storm in
the night which lasted two hours, and buildings were struck and burned
in different parts of New England. While this chapter was being revised
for the press, on the 2d of February, 1911, at 7.30 in the morning, with
the mercury at 10°, there was brilliant lightning and heavy thunder, but
no rain or snow. Buildings were struck in variovis places and a large
barn was burned at Haverhill Corner.

We have mentioned in an early chapter that on the 14th of May,
1776, the inhabitants met to choose their military officers and chose
James Henderson, Captain; Robert Brock, Lieutenant; and Barthole-
mew Somers, Ensign. This was the beginning of the old militia service
in Ryegate, which lasted more than seventy years. We have no further
information regarding this company'-, which comprised all the able-bodied
men between the ages of sixteen and fifty, but the men were probably
drilled regularly during the revolutionary war.

Military' service in the colonies was necessary on account of the fre-
quent Indian wars, and especialU^ along the frontiers which were posts of
danger, where it was desirable that all the people should have some ac-
quaintance with military tactics. Militia service in Scotland was also
compulsory, so that our colonists were doing no more than had been
their custom at home.

The Ryegate company eventually became a part of the Fourth Regi-
ment of the miHtia. Among the Johnson papers in the library at New-
bury, is a petition to Governor Chittenden, written about 1785, which
bears the signatures of the officers in this vicinity and which gives a little
of its history.

220 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

It was organized in 1763, when there were scarcely any settlements
in what is now Vermont, under the colony of New Hampshire, embrac-
ing the settlements on both sides of the river. In 1766 the Grants came
under the authority of the colony of New York, and the few settlers on
the west side of the river became part of the New York militia. In 1777
Vermont declared its independence, and the militia came under the
authority of the new state. In 1785 the regiment comprised the com-
panies in all the towns north of Thetford, in which there were settlers
enough to form a company. The names of the companies in this petition
indicate the progress of settlements in 1785; Fairlee, Moortown aUas
Salem, [Bradford], Newbury, Ryegate, Barnet, Littleton [Waterford]
Lunenburg, Guildhall, Peacham, Corinth and Vershire. The staff officers
of the regiment were, Thomas Johnson, Colonel; Prye Bayley, Lieut. -
Col.; John Taplin, Major; Thomas Smith, Quartermaster. The commis-
sioned officers of the companies in this vicinity were, Newbury— Remem-
brance Chamberlain, Capt., Joshua Bayley, Lieut., Moses Chamberlain,
Ensign. Corinth— Abner Powler, Capt., Mansfield Taplin, Lieut., Jona-
than Lovewell, Ensign. Ryegate— John Gray, Capt., William Neilson,
Lieut., Willoughby Goodwin, Ensign. Barnet— James Stuart, Capt.,
James Cross, Lieut., Moses Hall, Ensign. Peacham— Abiel Blanchard,
Capt., John Skeels, Lieut., Jonathan Elkins, Ensign. The regiment was
afterward commanded by Col. William Wallace of Newbury.

The old militia service was a great institution in its day, and had its
poHtical aspect also, and its social side. A captain in the militia was a
great man in those days, and the title was a life estate, which he bore as
long as he lived. All the able-bodied men, with few exceptions were
enrolled and their only compensation for their time, travel and equip-
ment, was exemption from poll tax. The state militia numbered about
25,000 from 1815 and was divided into four divisions, ten brigades, and
thirty-five regiments, with from eight to twelve companies each. Most
of the regiments had also a company of artillery, one of cavalry, one of
light infantry, and sometimes more than one of each. " Each division
was commanded by a major-general, with a division inspector, division
quarter-master and two aids; each brigade by a brigadier general with a
brigade inspector, quarter-master and one aid ; each regiment by a
colonel, lieutenant-colonel, and major with the customary staff, and each
company by the captain, lieutenants and ensign, with the usual non-
commissioned officers."

It will be seen that taking the state through there were a good many
men bearing military titles— indeed in those days when you met a smart,
enterprising stranger it would be the proper thing to address him as

PROFESSIONAL AND OTHER MATTERS. 221

"Captain;" if he had a miUtary air you made your obeisance to the
"Colonel"; if he " surveyed the field with eagle eye," you bowed down
before the " General ! "

Each regiment had its band, and each company a drum corps. Every
man must be enrolled in the militia, but those who had time and money
to spare formed themselves into independent companies, which were uni-
formed, and their equipments were of superior qualit}', while the regular
companies were not uniformed, and were derisively styled "flood wood
companies." The cavalry was spoken of as "The Troop," and its mem-
bers as " troopers." These select companies usually bore some fine name
like the " Lafayette Guards." They were very exclusive and as they
drilled often, they were the crack companies, and held the places of honor
at general muster. In the inonth of June the company met for "June
training," and after haying came the "brigade muster," a great day
indeed, when the entire brigade assembled for inspection, evolution and
review by the governor and staff.

As a matter of curiosity we reproduce from the North Star of August
26, 1828, the regimental orders for the muster of that 3^ear:

State of Vermont

Head Quarters.

St. Johnsbury, Aug. 18, 1828.

BRIGADE ORDERS.

The Field Officers and Regimental Staff, the commissioned, non-commissioned
officers and music of the First Regiment in the Second Brigade in the Fourth
Division of the Militia of this State, are hereby ordered to rendesvous with the
men under their command, armed and equipped as the Law directs for Military
exercise at Maj. J. Kelsey's Inn, in Danville, on Friday the 12th of September
next at 9 o'clock, A. M. After the inspection of arms and standing and passing
reviews, the following manceuvers will be executed : For an explanation of
which the officers are directed to the discipline established by law.
1st Passage of Lines.
2d Charge forward 1st company.
3d Change front to rear on 1st company.

4th Change front on 5th company, the left being thrown forward.
5th Column of attack.
6th Column of attack from line to front.
7th Close column of companies and deploy them.
8th By grand division and deploy them.

9th The line will advance in direct echelons ot companies from the right
flank with a parallel distance of six paces between the echelons.
10th Columns form Hne, faced to the rear.

By order of,

Stephen Hawkins, Brig. Gen.
By G. W. Ware, Aid-de-Camp.

222 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Mr. Miller has preserved many parciculars regarding the old militia
some of which we can use:

"Capt. John Gray was one of the earliest militia captains, and if I
remember rightly the name "Capt. John Gray, 1779," was on the flag
formerly used in Ryegate. William Nelson was probably made a captain
of militia at some time."

The captains of the old militia company as near as can be ascertained
were: James Henderson, John Gray, John Nelson, James Nelson, John
Miller, George Nelson, Abraham Page, Andrew Warden, Robert Symes,
Moses White, John Bigelow, W. M. Brock, Wm. G. Nelson, Wm. P. Page,
[ohn J. Nelson, Thos. Nelson, John Buchanan, Amos Noyes, William Hall,
and John Cameron. Some of these served several years. Alexander
Harvey was captain in the cavalry.

At the brigade muster held at Sutton in 1825, the Ryegate company
was one of the largest and best drilled. In the following year an inde-
pendent company of light infantry was organized, with Robert Symes,
captain. It was called the Grenadier Company, and Mr. Miller says :

"The Light Infantry Company dressed in uniform, with glazed high
leather caps, blue coats with bullet shaped buttons and white panta-
loons, and composed of the choicest soldiers of the town, made a fine
appearance on parade. For the four or five last years of its existence
they had 'Pioneers' in it, dressed to resemble Indians, who were each
armed with a large horseman's pistol, and a tomahawk. They gener-
ally marched in the front of the companj^ or on the wings, or next to the
music, and often went scouting about. They began with about six pio-
neers, and afterwards increased to ten or twelve. About 1837 the Gren-
adiers were dissolved and the members had to return to the old flood-
wood militia. Its captains were: 1826, Robert Symes; 1827-'28, John
Cameron, Jun. ; 1829-'30, William Hall; 1831-'32. John Bigelow; 1833-
'34, William Page; 1835, Robert Gibson 3d; 1836, Robert Cochran."
About forty-five men were enrolled in this crack company.

John Cameron, Jun., Josiah Page and perhaps one or two more, were
colonels. But Ryegate was never conspicuous in the old militia, none of
the higher officers ever living here. The reason was that the early and
more prominent commands in the militia were held by men who had been
officers in the revolutionary war. Ryegate was not settled by revolu-
tionary soldiers, while in other towns, Peacham and Danville for exam-
ple, most of the early settlers had seen military service, and the officers of
the war becoming prominent in the militia, their sons succeeded them in
the possession of military titles. The Covenanters also, while not evad-
ing military service, would not take oaths, and were thus excluded from

PROFESSIONAL AND OTHER MATTERS. 223

commands. But the records will show that when the country was in
danger the men of this town did their part, but it was mainly in the rank
and file, where hard work had to be done, rather than in conspicuous
positions where they might have achieved fame.

Not many years after the Light Infantry was disbanded the militia
system began to come into disfavor, and at last became unpopular. A
new generation with new ideas and different views of life had come upon
the stage, and cared less for the military display which had charmed
the fathers. It had outlived its usefulness, and militia service was felt to
be a burden both useless and harmful. Farmers and laboring men re-
belled against being called away from their own affairs for several days
in each year, and undergo long marches and absence from home, at their
own expense, and apparently without any good coming from it. The tem-
perance reform, beginning in the early '40's to make itself felt, attacked the
musters and trainings as schools of vice of all kinds. These great assem-
blages which drew all the inhabitants of a wide circuit together to wit-
ness the manceuvers of the militia, and hear the music of the bands, had
an irresistable fascination for all the rough elements within reach. It
was the custom for the men to meet at the captain's house and fire a
salute, when the captain appeared and treated the men, and the mere
drop thus imbibed in the early morning required frequent repetition dur-
ing the day. Boys and young men learned there their first lessons in
intemperance, and wise parents regarded the June training and annual
muster with well grounded apprehension. Liquor of all kinds was more
than free, it was even pressed upon boys hardly in their teens. The evolu-
tions of the troops were usuall}^ concluded with a sham fight, in which
several melancholy accidents resulted from the careless use of firearms in
the hands of drunken men ; and the disorderly scenes which closed the
day disgusted sensible people, Mr, Miller mentions several instances of
this character and the session records of both Ryegate and Barnet indi-
cate how the churches ^vere affected by the evils which accompanied the
occasions of military displa3^

Prudent people devised expedients for evading military service, and
in the last years of the system many openly defied the law compelling
attendance. Mr. Miller says that the last training held in this town was
in 1844, when only about one-half of those liable to do duty were in
evidence. In the following year, the captain had urgent business out
of the state at the time of June training, the men were not summoned,
and a year or two later, all the militia laws were repealed. So passed
ignominiously away one of the great institutions of old days.

After the St, Albans raid in 1864, a regiment of militia, composed

224 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

mainly of veterans, was organized for the defense of the northern fron-
tier, and Wm. J. Henderson of Ryegate was appointed Major. This
organization was not long needed. After the war a militia system was
again organized, and eight regiments of 500 men in each were provided
for, in which service was voluntary, but the men were equipped by the
state, and paid for their time. A company was made up from Ryegate,
Groton and Peacham, in which Albert M. Whitelaw was captain, and
A. Park Renfrew, lieutenant. This company was soon disbanded, the
law having been repealed.

So far as can be ascertained, although there have alwa^^s been mem-
bers of the Masonic fraternity in Ryegate, there has never been a lodge of
Masons in this town. General Whitelaw was a Mason in Scotland and
some others as well, but they were connected here with lodges in other
towns. An attempt, however, to make Ryegate the scene of the earliest
exemplification of Masonry in this state has been made known to us by
the kindness of Dr. J. M. Currier. We will give and analyze the state-
ment.

In an address delivered by Hon. Henry Clark at the dedication of
Hiram Lodge at West Rutland, May 28, 1879, he stated that Rev. Dr.
John W^itherspoon, "President of the Scotch-American Land Company
which settled the town of Ryegate," visited that place in May, 1774,
and remained until July of that year. He professes to quote from a diary
of Dr. Witherspoon's as follows, respecting this visit: "I have been on a
"visit to my possessions in New Connecticut or New Hampshire Grants,
"in the town of Ryegate, and there I convened my Masonic brethren in
"informal Lodge and held a delightful re-union. There were present
"brothers James Whitelaw, John Gray, Hugh Laughlin, Archibald Park,
"William Gibson, James Nelson, John Cameron, Jonathan Coburn, and
"my beloved brother in the ministry, Brother David Goodwillie." Mr.
Clark says that "these were undoubtedly Scottish Masons as they were
all emigrants from Scotland and this was probably the first assemblage
of Masons, although not in organized form, held in this jurisdiction. It
indicates at least their love of Masonr}^ whose mysteries they had re-
ceived in their early home. In June, 1782 Dr. Witherspoon again visited
this section of country and made the following memorandum in his
diary: "June 24, 1782, my Masonic brethren assembled at the tavern,
'and without working tools or aprons, marched to the Presbyterian
'church, v^rhere I endeavored to portray the tenets of the Masonic order,
'as exemplified in the life of our great patron, St. John the Baptist. The
* Masons marched back to the tavern, where we all sat down to dinner.' "

PROFESSIONAL AND OTHER MATTERS. 225

This is a very interesting statement, which if true, is a most valuable
contribution to the history of this town; if not true it is no history at
all. This address was printed in pamphlet form, and this statement
went the rounds of the press at the time. Let us look into this matter a
little.

First. Dr. Witherspoon was never President of the Scotch-American
Company, or even a member of it. He owned land which he sold to the
Company.

Second. Mr. Whitelaw's letters to Scotland during the period named,
make no mention of Dr. Witherspoon's visit, but speak of receiving let-
ters from him. There were only a few settlers here in 1774 and they had
just begun to clear land.

Third. Of the brethren whose names he gives as participators in
these Masonic observances in 1774: — Hugh Laughlin came here from Ire-
land in 1799, Archibald Park was not born till 1780, William Gibson
came here from Scotland in 1802, and Rev. William Gibson from Ireland
in 1798. John Cameron came here in 1782, Rev. David Goodwillie did
not leave Scotland till 1788, Jonathan Coburn was not born till a year
later. It is a singular co-incidence, however, that these nine men men-
tioned are the subjects of brief biographies in the article upon Rj^egate in
Miss Hemen way's Gazetteer of Vermont and the veracious narrator of
this event seems to have assumed their presence upon an occasion which
happened before the birth of two of them.

Fourth. In regard to Dr. Witherspoon's visit in 1782, there was no
church building in Ryegate at that time, or within many miles of it
except the one at Newbury.

Fifth. The officials of the Boston Public Library know nothing of
any diary of Rev. Dr. Witherspoon.

Taking all these facts into consideration the entire statement appears
a little doubtful. Of the position of Ryegate in the Anti-Masonic con-
troversy, we shall have occasion to speak later.

CHAPTER XXII.

Politics and Later Matters.

Early Political History.— The North Star. — Anti-Masonry. — The Civil.
War.

RYEGATE has never been a center of state politics. A purely agri-
cultural community containing no large village, inhabited by
industrious farmers, with no families of wealth and leisure to
form a political aristocracy, is no field for an aspiring politician. There-
fore, although citizens of this town have occasionally held county offices,
such have been rather incidental than the results of ambition. In the
whole history of the town only one name, that of James Whitelaw,,
stands out prominently in the annals of the state, and his, not as a poli-
tician or office-holder, but because of his remarkable ability in a single
field of usefulness. It must also be remembered that a large and highly
intelligent portion of the citizens have, from conscientious scruples, de-
clined to mingle in the politics of the state by exercising the suffrage, or
holding office. Consequently the town has been deprived of the public
services of a large body of its most substantial citizens, and, in this
respect, has been much like communities in other states where a large
portion of the inhabitants are members of the Society of Friends.

But the Covenanters, although refraining from political strife, were,
and are still, a most influential bod}^ with very decided convictions, and
their moral influence has been a power to be reckoned with where ques-^
tions of right or wrong were concerned.

Mr. Mason says that in the earlier part of the last century the town
was about equally divided between Democrats and Federalists. The
former, of whose opinions Thomas Jefferson \vas the exponent, and of
which he was the leader, held to universal suffrage, short terms of office,
and state rights. The Federalists, of whom Alexander Hamilton was
the exponent and John Adams the leader, believed in a suffrage with a
property qualification, centralization of power in the Federal govern-
ment, and internal improvements under the direction of Congress. Other
questions some of which were of present or future importance, and others
of so little consequence as to have been long forgotten, divided the peo-
ple. James Whitelaw was the leader of the Federalists in this town ; his^

POLITICS AND LATER MATTERS. 227

clear and decided opinions concisely and forcibly expressed, together
with the weight which his high character and position gave him made
his influence very great. But he cared little for politics as such, while
James Henderson was a shrewd and sagacious politician. John Cam-
eron, the leader of the other party, was a ready and fluent speaker,
well-informed as to all the political questions of the day, and willing at
any time to give well grounded reasons for his political faith. When he
was in the legislature he was considered one of the best speakers in that
body, and although his broad Scotch accent was new and unfamiliar to
his audience, they were compelled to give closer attention to his speeches.

The list of representatives shows that Cameron represented the
town for fourteen years between 1797 and 1832 ; at two elections there
was no representative chosen, and in the remaining years the Federalists
elected their candidates. Mr. Mason says that in 1819, Cameron and
James Henderson were the opposing candidates, when the people were
so evenly divided that balloting continued till midnight, when the clerk
and constable left the house, leaving the town without a representative.

We must understand that in those days people were influenced politi-
cally in other ways than they are now. Personal influence was every-
thing. Jefferson, Jackson, Clay and Webster represented certain princi-
ples and people followed their leaders without hesitation. In those days
there was not probabl}' a daily paper taken in this state; now every
intelligent family has its daily paper. In those days a Boston paper was
several days old when it got here; now the morning papers are in our
hands before noon. There were several short lived attempts at news-
paper publication in eastern Vermont, but none lasted long or had much
influence till 1806, when Ebenezer Eaton began at Danville the publica-
tion of the North Star. Mr. Eaton was a most worthy man, person-
ally, but a bitter partisan who believed that the welfare of the country
depended entirely on the success of his particular party. He was hon-
est and fearless, and when he believed a thing was wrong he fought it
with all his might, without calculating the effect upon his subscription
list, an example generally avoided by country editors at the present time.
Danville, from which diverged several lines of stages, was then the
county seat, and the center of considerable trade. For many j^ears, be-
tween the Connecticut River and Lake Champlain, north of Windsor,
there was no other permanent paper, except at Montpelier, and the
North Star had pretty much to itself, a field comprising a population of
twenty-five thousand, two-thirds of which was in Caledonia Count}^
Orleans and Essex supplying the rest. Almost every famil}' of any con-
sequence took it. The late Merrill (ioodwin learned to read from the

228 HISTORY OF RYEGATE. VERMONT.

Star, and other children did the same. But Mr. Eaton, although an able
editor, was not a good business man ; he never owned the printing office
where the work was done, he was negligent in money matters, and
always in debt. A man in Danville took the Star from the first issue for
forty 3'ears without having paid for it. One day Mr. Eaton met the
man and told him he was out of money and reminded him that he had
never paid a subscription. The man went home, sold a yoke of oxen,
and brought the proceeds to the printer, which exactly paid the debt.

But the Star was, in its best days, a power in Caledonia county,
indeed the conditions of society have so much changed that we cannot
quite comprehend its remarkable influence. Mr. Eaton possessed a dig-
nified style, clear and concise, and never condescended to vulgarit}^ or
insinuations. He was a hard fighter, but he fought fairly, and his blows
told. Consequently when in 1827, he espoused the cause of Anti-ma-
sonry, he made Caledonia count}' the center of the conflict in New Eng-
land. To this we shall presently advert.

The North Star was published at Danville for eighty-five 3'ears.
George Eaton succeeded his father as proprietor, but sold the paper to
Anson B, Hoyt and W. 0. Caswell, and removed to Troy, N. Y. While
the latter were proprietors, Col. George Harvey, now editor of Harper's
Weekly, began his literary work in that office and wrote political edito-
rials for them when about sixteen years ot age, and can barely remember
old Mr. Eaton setting type there. In 1891 the subscription list was pur-
chased bv Arthur F. Stone, the paper was merged into the Caledonian
and the old North Star ceased to exist. A complete file of it was burned
in a house in Danville about twenty years ago, and it is doubtful if an-
other could be made up from all the numbers in existence. Two or three
bound volumes are in the State library, and occasional copies are found
elsewhere. An examination of a volume of the Star is chiefly interesting
for its contrast to modern country papers. The news of all the world
is given, except that of Caledonia county. It emploj^ed no correspond-
ents, and the only local events, otherwise than political, which are chroni-
cled, were when some one took the trouble to write an item for the printer.
Consequently the advertisements are the most interesting part of the
paper, and we learn from them more about Caledonia county in its day
than from the paper itself. The history of Ryegate would not be com-
plete without mention of the North Star and its influence.

The Anti-Masonic controversy was one of the strangest episodes in
the whole history of American politics. In its sudden rise, its violence
while it lasted, and its sudden termination, it resembled nothing so much
as a tropical tornado. There had alwa^'s been those who disapproved

RESIDENCE OF S. CHAM BERLIN.

RESIDENCE OF GEORGE G. NELSON.

POLITICS AND LATER MATTERS. 229

of secret societies in general, and Masonry in particular, considering
them a menace to free institutions. They claimed, and in some instances
with reason, that by means of their connection with the order bad men
got into office; that if a criminal was a Mason he would escape punish-
ment if there was a Mason on the jury ; and that while Masonry included
many excellent men, they were so far influenced by their association with
it as to place allegiance to the Order as their chief duty. They went still
further and denounced all secret societies indiscriminately. If they lived
in our day they would probably consider that societies which give their
officers such titles as "High Exalted Rulers," or "Most Supreme Poten-
tates," were not likely to do any particular harm.

There were those who went about the country denouncing Masonrj'-,
without attracting any particular attention, till in 1826 an event in
western New York produced an explosion. A man named Morgan re-
nounced Masonry and published a book which claimed to reveal the
secrets of the Order. A few days later Morgan disappeared, and it was
claimed that he had been murdered by the Masons. It is impossible to
conceive the excitement which followed, and which continued for years.
Masonry was assailed and defended in every hamlet in the country. The
Older was denounced as the source and refuge of all evil and its members
were held up to public scorn as participants in its infamy. Certain adroit
politicians seized the opportunity tb advance their interests, pretended
confessions of Morgan's abauctors were pfinted, and their number and
contradictions should have silenced the clamor. But the public was in
no mood to listen to reason of any kind, and sensible people who went
about their business without .joining, the outcry were denounced as
equally guilty. For a short time the country was divided into two par-
ties apparently, Masons and Anti-Masons, and reading the newspapers
of the time, it is hard to say which party excelled in vindictiveness. The
controversy invaded fainilies, entered churches, upset all political calcula-
tions, and "dissolved friendships which had stood the strain of a life
time." A few instances may be adduced to show the bitterness which was
engendered. At a funeral held in Danville in 1830, the relatives who were
Masons and their sympathizers occupied one room, and their opponents
another, while at the burial one party stood one side of the grave, and
the others ranged themselves on the other side of it, the brothers and
sisters of one party not exchanginga word with their sisters and brothers
of the other. In Bristol, Vt., a gristmill was owned jointly by a Mason,
and by the widow of an Anti-Mason. Mutual hatred was such that it
was decided that Masons should use the mill on one week and their op-
ponents the next.* In Bradford, Rev. Silas McKeen, who was a Alason,

* North Star, Aug. 26, 1828.

230 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

found it best to accept a call to another state, as so many would not go
to hear him preach. When the excitement was all over they were glad
to recall him. He spent the rest of his long and useful life in Bradford
where his name is held in veneration, his pastorate extending over
forty-three years.

Rev. Soloman Sias, a Methodist minister of considerable note, whose
health had become impaired by his labors, had retired to Danville, which
had been his early home, for rest and recovery. Mr. Sias was a Mason
of high degree, and was commander of the Knights Templars at the re-
ception of Lafayette in Boston in 1825. On retiring to Danville, where
he had before been held in honor, he found himself made the target of
abuse. He was asked to preach a funeral sermon, but the officials of the
local Methodist church would not allow him to enter the meeting-house,
and the funeral services were held on the common in the open air. He
was summoned before the Methodist Conference and was ordered to
renounce Masonry or be expelled. He conceded so much as to promise
to abstain from attendance at the lodge.

These instances might be multiplied and there was as much intemper-
ate speech and action on the Masonic side as on the other. Masonry
became a political issue, and in many of the northern states the Anti-
Masons put up candidates for state officers.

To offset the influence of the Star the Masonic sympathizers in Cale-
donia County started a paper at St. Johnsbury called The Friend, whose
attitude was apologetic rather than combative, and which was short
lived. In 1828 Dr. Luther Jewett, who had been a member of Congress,
began the publication of the Farmer's Herald, at the same place. This
paper was not permanent, however. Haverhill Corner at the time had
two newspapers, both ably conducted and much read in Rvegate — the
Democratic Republican, which was Masonic, and conducted by the Red-
ings, and the Post and Intelligencer, whose proprietor was Sylvester T.
Goss, which was Anti-Masonic. But the attacks and the defense of these
papers were mild indeed compared with the savage onslaught of the
North Star.

Very naturally Danville in 1830 furnished in Hon. William A. Palmer,
an Anti-Masonic candidate for Governor. His vote was large enough to
prevent any election by the people, and Governor Crafts was re-elected
by the legislature. In 1831 Palmer and the Anti-Masons had the largest
vote, but not a majorit}--, and Palmer was elected by the legislature by a
majority of one, and the same thing happened in 1832. In 1833 Palmer
was elected by the people. In the following year the Whig party had
become prominent, but Palmer was elected b\' the legislature. In 1835,

POLITICS AND LATER MATTERS. 231

Palmer still held the popular vote, but the Whigs led by Horatio Se^-tnour
were strong enough to defeat him in the legislature, but could not elect
any one else, and after sixty-three ballots there was no choice and the
effort was given up. Silas H. Jennison, who had been elected Lieutenant
Governor on the ticket with Palmer, had to take the Governor's chair.
Vermont was the only state in the Union in which the Anti-Masons came
into power.

In 1836 the Anti-Masonic party had gone to pieces, but the Star still
continued its attacks on the order after all parties had wearied of the
strife, and in 1837 a few influential men who disapproved of Mr. Eaton's
■course induced A. G. Chadwick to come from Concord, N. H., and begin
at St. Johnsbury in 1837, the publication of the Caledonian.

Ryegate, having no Masonic lodge was less affected by the contro-
versy than some other towns, but could not be wholly insensible to the
storm which raged around it. The Covenanters were, on principle,
opposed to secret societies, and Rev. James Milligan delivered some pow-
erful sermons against them. Rev. Mr. Goodwillie and Rev. Mr. Pringle
are understood to have been Masons.

Only 27 votes were cast at the election in 1827. In 1828 Gov. Crafts
had all the votes but one. In the next year 60 votes were cast, and in
the same year or between Sept. 28, 1828, and Nov. 2, 1829, there were
seven Freeman's meetings held to vote for a Member of Congress.* In
1830 when the Anti-Mason war was at its height, Wm. A. Palmer had
57 votes, S. C. Crafts 8, and Ezra Meech 13, showing that the Anti-
Masonic party was in the majority. In the following year Palmer had
67, Meech 1, and Heman Allen 2. It must be remembered that there
were some fifty or more who were Covenanters and did not vote.

In 1832, Palmer had 67 votes and there were 7 scattering. In 1833,
politics ran high and Palmer had 101 votes and Meech 29. In 1834
Ryegate still adhered to Palmer with 67 votes, Wm. G. Bradley having
37 and Horatio Seymour 1. In 1835, while Anti-Masonry had passed its
ineridian, Ryegate still held to Palmer with 60 votes, Bradley having 47.
In 1836 the Whig party came to the front, Bradley had 66 votes and
Silas H. Jennison 32.

We have compared this controversy to a tropical storm, and, like a
storm it cleared the air. The old Federal party passed awaj'-, and out of
the strife emerged the Whig party ; new leaders with more progressive
ideas came to the front, and Anti-Masonry as a political issue was a
thing of the past.

The effect of the conflict upon Masonry was disastrous. Some lodges

* Benjamin F. Deming of Danville, father of Franklin Deming at Wells River,
was elected, but died during his term of office.

232 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

dissolved, a few of which were revived in after years, others maintained
an uncertain existence till better times came, while the larger and stronger
ones gained by the desertion of men who had joined the order for selfish
motives, and had been the first to abandon and vilify it.

At the presidential election of 1832, Addison, Caledonia and Wind-
sor counties were the only ones carried by the Anti-Masons. In this
county the vote for Wirt (Anti-Mason) was 1726; for Clay (Whig) 294;
and for Jackson (Democrat) 367. In the state the Anti-Masons polled
13,106 against 18,910 for all others.

The presidential campaign of 1840 — the "Log Cabin Campaign," the
"Hard Cider Campaign" — was one of the most exciting and most pict-
uresque in our political history. It was marked by great enthusiasm
and immense political gatherings. Harrison, the Whig candidate was
born in a log cabin, and miniature log cabins, each with a cider barrel
hoisted up to the gable window were carried on floats in procession, and
every true Whig fastened his coat with "log cabin buttons." In August a
great political mass-meeting was held at Orford, with Daniel Webster as
the orator. The late George Leslie told the writer that on that morning
as early as five o'clock, the main street at Wells River was filled witk
teams as close together as they could go, all the north country headed
for Orford to hear the great man. And they heard him, an event from
which people dated the occurrences of years. "The j^ear Daniel Webster
spoke at Orford," was a common phrase forty years ago. In the election
of that year a few Covenanters so far overcame their scruples as to vote.
At the September election the town was equally divided between Paul
Dillingham, Democratic, and Silas H. Jennison, the Whig candidate, each
having 100 votes, one vote being cast for Isaac Fletcher. This was the
highest vote cast in town to that date. Before the presidential election
in November the enthusiasm appears to have cooled, as the Whig candi-
dates for electors received 86 votes, and the Democratic 92.

In the presidential election ot 1848 we note the rise of a new party —
the Free Soil Part3^ The Whig leaders had opposed any agitation of the
slavery question, but the issue could not be averted. Ryegate was one of
the earliest seats of the anti-slavery movement in the state. Rev. James
Milligan and the Covenanters in general were abolitionists. As we shall
see later, the Milligan family was prominent in the movement for the
abolition of slavery, Mr. Milligan being president of the Ryegate and
Barnet Anti-Slavery Society, which was in existence as early as 1^25,
and is mentioned in the North Star at that time. In 1848 the electoral
ticket for Cass (Democratic) received 60 votes; that for Taylor (Whig)
49, and for Van Buren, the Free Soil candidate 24.

POLITICS AND LATER MATTERS. 233

Four years later, at the September election, Erastus Fairbanks,
Whig, had 65 votes; John S. Robinson, Democratic 71, and Lawrence
Brainerd, the Free Soil candidate 27.

In 1856 the Whig party had been dissolved and the Free Soilers v^'ere
absorbed into the Republican party, Ry land Fletcher, Rep., having 107
votes, and Henry Keyes, Dem., receiving 50, the corresponding vote in
November being about the same.

In the campaign of 1860 the slavery question was the overshadow-
ing one. The town records do not give the vote at the presidential elec-
tion, but at Freeman's meeting the ballot was 88 for Erastus Fairbanks
(Rep.) and 44 for John G. Saxe (Dem.)

At the state election of 1861, the first year of the Civil war, Freder-
ick Holbrook (Rep.) had 73 votes, and Andrew Tracy (Dem.) 40. In the
next year the pressure of the war began to be felt, and the first "War
Meeting" was held on the 2d of Sept., " For the purpose of encouraging
'enlistments to complete the quota of said town of Ryegate of 300,000
'men recently called for by the President to serve in the army of the
' United States for the term of three years. Also for the quota of said
'town of 300,000 men to serve for nine months. To see if the town
'will offer a bounty to all persons so enlisting, and il thought expedient,
'to fix the amount and appropriate money." At this meeting, of which
James White was moderator, the sum of $100 was voted to each
volunteer who enlisted for three years before the 14th of August, previ-
ously, and $200 for each one enlisting since that date, also $100 for
each volunteer for nine months.

At the state election, Frederick Holbrook received 94 votes. No
other vote for Governor is given.

There seems to have been some irregularity about the meeting on the
2d of September, as on the 8th of December another meeting confirmed
the previous vote as to bounties, and raised a tax of 70 cts. on the
dollar of the grand list to pay. them.

At the state election in 1863, J. G. Smith (Rep.) had 86 votes, and T.
P. Redfield (Dem.) 42 votes. On the 2d of December in that year a town
meeting was held to raise bounties for volunteers who should enlist under
the last call for men. It-was voted to pay a bounty of $300, to each
volunteer, when mustered in, and the selectmen were instrusted to hire
the money on the credit of the town.

Note. It is singular that the town records do not give the names of the can-
didates for town representatives, or the vote for each, only the name of the suc-
cessful one.

234 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

On the 20th of Feb. 1864, another town meeting raised a tax of
$1.20 on the dollar of the grand list to pay the bounties previously
voted.

We hear a great deal in these days about the sacrifices of the men
who went to the army ; it is by cold figures like these that we compre-
hend the pressure of the war on those who remained at home.

On the 14th of June in the same year, a bounty of $300 was voted
to all who would enlist under the last call for men to fill the town's
quota, the same amount to any drafted man or substitute. At a later
meeting on the 27th of July, a further bounty of $400 was voted in
addition to that previously promised to all who would enlist for three
years, $200 additional for two years, and a bounty of $300 for enlist-
ment of one year.

The pressure upon the country for men to serve in the army during the
last year of the war is shown by the vote of the town on the 7th of
September, to pay a bounty of $900 each to three men who enlisted
under the last call. Under the stimulus of these high bounties there arose
a despicable species of men called "bounty jumpers," who enlisted for
the bounty and deserted at the earliest opportunity, to re-enlist in a new
place under other names.

A class of men upon whom the exigencies of the time fell heavily
w^ere drafted men who could not leave their families or business, and
were unable to pay the high price of substitutes, and for the aid of such
several town meetings were held. The last of the eleven special war
meetings which Mr. Miller records was held on Feb. 21, 1865, at which a
tax of $2.50 on each dollar of the grand list to pay war indebtedness
was voted, but an article relating to further enlistments was laid on the
table, for the war was fast hastening to its close.

The town records do not give the amount paid by the town for sol-
dier's bounties, but a paper in the hand writing of Wm. J. Nelson gives
the amount paid volunteers as $10,382.50, for substitutes $5,325.00, and
for necessary expenses $522, making a total of $16,229.50.

Surely Ryegate paid its full share for the maintenance of the Union.
But wlio can calculate the loss to the town of the young men who never
returned, or came home only to die; who can measure the terror and
dread of those four years of war to the parents, the wives and children
of those who went to the arm}'? "The pomp and circumstance of war"
are very fine to read about, but the cost, the suffering, the irreparable
loss are fearful to contemplate. Writers who discuss the decaying popu-
lation of the hill towns of New England fail to consider that thousands
of young men who might have reared families and grown old among

POLITICS AND LATER MATTERS. 235

them "gave their lives that the nation might live." We ought also to
say that several citizens beyond the age of military service, provided
substitutes at their own expense for the war. It is not possible to
give their names, or the expense incurred by them.

The political history of the town, subsequent to the civil war, does
not seem to be worthy of special mention.

CHAPTER XXIII.

Old and New.

Old Farms and Houses. — The Whitelaw Farms. — In Central and Western
Ryegate. — The Witherspoon Tract. — Libraries. — The Country Book-
store.— The Town Library and Branches. — Ti e Whitehill Library. —
Grain and Feed Business.— Sugar Manufacture.— Telephones and Elec-
tric Lighting. — Clan Farouharson— Miscellaneous.

MR. Whitelaw tells us that on the 25th of January, 1774, those
members of the Company who had arrived in Ryegate met and
made choice of the lots which they intended to clear and convert
into farms. It is a very interesting circumstance that the lands selected
on that day by James Whitelaw, James Henderson, William Neilson,
Alexander Symes, and John Gray, remain, wholly or in part, in the hands
of their descendants, and with the exception of the land selected by John
Grey, by descendants bearing the same names.

In this part of the country one hundred and thirty-seven years is a
long time for an estate to remain in the same family, and Ryegate was
one of the last towns in New England in which settlements began before
the revolutionary war.

The eastern part of General Whitelaw's farm became that of his son
Robert, who added largely by purchase. The site of his house, in which
he kept tavern, is marked by a depression in the ground a short distance
east of where A. M. Whitelaw lives, and on the other side of the road.
His son William T. Whitelaw succeeded him, and built, in 1842, the house
in which his son lives. The house on the other side of the road is one of
the oldest in town. Merrill Goodwin was born in it in 1820, and it was
not a new one then.

The farm now owned by Hermon Miller is the one on which General
Whitelaw lived and died, and his excellent taste is evinced by his selection
of the fine site of the buildings. A part of the house built by him in 1775
stood till 1910. The present house was built by William Whitelaw, and
after his death the farm had five owners before Mr. Miller bought it.
The land along the road toward Boltonville was formerly called "Old
Smoky," but the origin of the name is forgotten. Five generations of
General Whitelaw's descendants have lived on the land owned by him. .

OLD AXD NEW. 237

The farm owned by Henn^ W. Henderson is that on which his great
grandfather, James Henderson settled, and the log house of the latter
was in the field about twenty-five rods east of the present house. On a
flat rock in front of the log house, James Henderson Jr., and Eliza Todd
were married in 1806. The present house was built about 1808.

The farm now owned b\' Samuel F. Nelson is a part of the oriorinal
purchase of William Nelson the emigrant, and the farm owned b}- Tohn
H. S3'mes is part of that settled by his ancestor, Alexander, of the same
name. The farm of Campbell Symes is now that of Wesson Sargent, and
the house was built in 1819, Mr. Miller saj's.

The farm of John Gray became that of his son William, whose daugh-
ter Mary married James Nelson, father of the present owner, George G.
Nelson.

Therearever\- few houses in Ryegate which have weathered the storms
of an hundred years. According to our best information, and judging
from the photographs of those which remain, the dwellings in Scotland
which were inhabited b}^ the class of people which settled this town were
built of stone, thatched with straw and according to our modern ideas,
dark, inconvenient and uncomfortable. Consequently the log houses
which the pioneers built were fully as commodious, as well lighted and as
comfortable as those they had left behind. In many cases people con-
tinued to occupy log houses for 3'ears after they had become able to build
better ones. In most cases also, what ma\^ be termed the second genera-
tion of human habitations — the frame houses which earliest succeeded
those constructed of logs — were small, low and inconvenient. The set-
tlers brought from Scotland some ideas regarding domestic architecture
which were very different from those which prevailed in the towns south
of them. But the houses built after the town had been settled many
j-ears differ very little in their outward appearance or interior construc-
tion from those in the towns above or below them.

Some one has charactized R\^egate as "a town of one-story houses,
and three story barns." Indeed, forty years ago, there were not a half-
score of two-story houses in this town, and it is only since the villages at
East and South Ryegate came into existence that larger houses with
modern conveniences have displaced the older ones. But all over town
one-storv houses, tlie very embodiments of coziness and comfort, are the
farm companions of immense barns. About 1825 a carpenter named
Moses Barnett, a very superior workman came here, and not only built
several substantial houses, but introduced a taste for a better class of
dwellings. The house in which Rev. J. M. Beattie long lived, in which
Mr. McLam lives at the Corner was built bv Mr. Barnett for Alexander

238 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Harvey, and is a fine sample of his work. The "story-and-a-half house,"
giving more room in the chambers did not come into general use till about
1850.

Among the older houses in the east part of the town, Mr. Morrill
thinks, the one in which Willard White lives, is the oldest, which, Mr.
Miller says, was built by Benjamin Wright in 1800, the year in which the
Morrill tavern, now burned, was built. Another, about as old, nearl}^
down to the Newbury line, was built by William Johnson.

The farm often called the " Bigelow place" was formerly that of Elihu
Johnson. Mr. Miller says there was an earlier house on that farm than
the one now standing, a long narrow house, which had the name of
being havinted. No one would live in it, and it was taken down on that
account. There are no very old houses on the river road, the oldest being
that in which Mr. Manchester lives, built in 1819. The Thomas Man-
chester house is believed to be older.

Returning to the Corner, that in which Mr. Thompson lives was built
by Judge Cameron, and according to Mr. Goodwin, at dififerent times,
part of it being the old store. Mr. Goodwin also said that at one time
and another, within his recollection, there were bet\veen Wm. H. Nelson's
and W. T. McLam's no fewer than eight houses, which have all disap-
peared. The Morrill tavern stand included a number of barns, sheds and
other out-buildings, which were all burned.

The Cochran farm at the foot of Blue Mountain, has been in the fam-
ily since 1799, and five generations of the family have lived in it. The
oldest house in that vicinity is that in which the late James Miller lived,
built in 1806 by Allan Stewart, Mr. Miller skys.

If Mr. John Gates is correctly informed, the stone house in which
Frank Hooper lives, near the Groton line, was built some years before the
year 1800, and the farm has always been owned by the descendants of
its builder, John Orr. This is a very quaint house, and worth visiting.

A very interesting house is the oldest part of Corwin Whitehill's
residence, on the Whitherspoon tract. This farm has been in the White-
hill family for 114 3'ears. The oldest part of the house is built of rough
stone, and was erected by James Whitehill in 1805, or the following
year. Many years ago the front or newer part of this rambling man-
sion was added, part of the old stone house was taken down, and the
newer part built into and upon the heavy walls of the old house. The
old kitchen with its vast stone fireplace remains as when first built, and
is said to be a faithful copy of the old kitchens in Scotland in the 18th
century. In this ancient room one seems transported to a far-off land in
an earlier age, and it requires little aid froin the imagination to people it

STONE HOUSE AT C. \V. WHITEHILL's ERECTED ABOUT 1808.

ROOM IN THE STONE HOUSE.

ASTOR, LENOX AND
■ntOEM FOUNOATIONJ;

OLD AND NEW. 239

with the staid Elder Whitehill and his large family of a centur}' ago. In
the accompanying illustration many utensils once in daily use here are
exhibited.

Another stone house on the Witherspoon tract was built, about 1812
by Abraham Whitehill, brother of James. Part of the front wall and the
east end remain, and bear a curious resemblance to the ruins of Kirk
Alloway.

And here, while speaking of the Witherspoon tract, some particulars
regarding it have come to light since the earlier chapters were printed.
Major James* Witherspoon is said to have inherited much of his eminent
father's ability. He came to his Ryegate possessions in the spring of
1774 with a number of workmen, and began to clear the land, intending
to create an estate of the tract. Had he been spared to carry out his
plans, and come to live there, with his ability, and the influence which he
w^ould certainly have exerted, he would have become very prominent in
the state, and the political history of the town might have been very
different. The curious documents by which this tract was transferred to
the Whitehill family are given among the records of the Whitehills.

Mr. Gates mentions several farms in the west part of the town still
owned by descendants of the pioneers — that of James Esden by Frank
McColl; that of John Hall by descendants; and that of Alexander Holmes
by Mr. Gates himself, the house having been built in 1817. The house
built by Dea. Caldwell where Alexander Renfrew lives is nearly a century
old, as is the old Hunter house and that in which J. R. Whitehill lives.
East of Blue Mountain the farm of Robert Dickson is owned by a
descendant and that of William Gibson also. There may be others to be
mentioned in the records of the families to which they belong.

A farm or a dwelling which has remained in the same family for sev-
eral generations and has long borne and still bears the family name,
possesses a human interest which cannot attach to any tenement in
which successive and disconnected families have found a temporary shel-
ter and abiding place.

Around the time worn walls of such a family residence, and per-
vading everv room and passage, are associations which touch the chords
of memory whenever the place is mentioned. Many such there are in
Ryegate, and in far away homes when these pages are read, there will
arise once more in memory, vivid as its reality, the old house among the
hills, the orchard, the fields, the pastures and the public road.

* On p. 39 his name was given as John. The latter was his brother, who
became a physician.

240 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Many of the old local names and neighborhood designations are pre-
served, others are forgotton. How many can tell where "Scanty Lane "
is, or where "Cameron's Lane" begins and ends? How many know
that Groton was once called " Hickory Village " ?

We have mentioned that when James Whitelaw went to Newbury-
port in the spring of 1774, he purchased books for the common use of the
Company, and that this was one of the earliest libraries in the state.
But there was no further attempt to form a public library in town for
nearly a century. Every farmhouse, however, had its small collection of
books, added to from the savings of toilsome life, and by exchange, the
farmers of the town secured intelligent information upon a great variety
of subjects, and books were much easier to be had in those days than we
commonly suppose.

Among the valuable institutions of early 3'ears which have com-
pletely passed away was the country book store. Such an one was es-
tablished at Haverhill Corner as early as 1794 by Nathaniel Coverly and
a little later one was started at Newbury by his son, who also printed
several books. A list of new works offered for sale in 1813 at the Haver-
hill bookstore causes us to rate very highly the intelligence of a com-
munity which could appreciate and purchase such profound works.
Many of these found their way into Rvegate farm houses, and there were
plain farmers, who went to meeting in blue homespun frocks who could
have passed a thorough examination in Plutarch's Lives, could illustrate
Bible history with parallel passages from Josephus, or repeat page after
page of the Paradise Lost. With the diffusion of information conse-
quent upon a daily mail service, newspapers and other periodical litera-
ture assumed the place which had been held by the country book store.
These latter in their time partially filled the place now held by public
libraries. The bookseller was necessarily a man of reading, and his
place of business was the resort of ministers, lawyers and men of educa-
tion and literary taste, from a wide radius of countr3\ There people
exchanged views, or dipped into the latest solid literature. The number
•of such stores in this vicinity eighty or more years ago, indicates the place
which they held in public instruction, and indicates also that the business
w^as a profitable one.

There seems to have been no organized librarj' association here till
one was formed at South Ryegate on May 23, 1877, of whose proceed-
ings Mr. Gilfillan has prepared an account. The declared object was
"to establish and maintain a library for the mutual benefit of its mem-

OLD AND NEW. ' 241

bers and all others who may be admitted to the privilege." W. N. Gilfil-
lan was chosen president; Stephen Sh^ secretary ai\d treasurer; and
James B. Darling, librarian. Seventeen citizens paid $3 each for member-
ship fees. Later the 3'oung people gave the proceeds of a dramatic enter-
tainment towards making eight of them members of the association.
Dr. Darling, S. Mills, Sr., and M. B. Hall were a committee to select
books. The library was kept in the store of Sly & Darling. Mr. Slv
was svicceeded by R. J. White as secretary and treasurer, Mr. White being
followed by Alexander Dunnett. Books of a solid character were pur-
chased. But the association did not thrive, the reading habit not being
yet formed, and after some attempt to continue interest the organiza-
tion fell asleep.

At the March meeting in 1895 it was voted to establish a library at
the Corner and secure books from the state in the manner provided by
law, for the encouragement of town libraries. The following trustees
were elected; Wm. J. Henderson, chairman; W. T. McLam, W. A. Gil-
christ, F. R. McColl, and H. J. Park, trustees. On Jan. 27, 1896, a citizens
meeting was held at South Ryegate to consider ways and means for
establishing a branch library at that place. Individual subscriptions of
one dollar each provided necessary fixtures, and at a special meeting of
the old Association its books, then numbering twenty-seven, were trans-
ferred to the town library.

The main collection was placed in J. R. W. Beattie's store at the
Corner, and the books were all saved when the store was burned. Miss
Mary Beattie, Mrs. F. H. White, Mrs. F. M. Powers and Mrs. C. F.
Smith were librarians. A new trustee is chosen each year, and W. N. Gil-
fillan. Rev. F. A. ColHns, N. H. Ricker, E. E. Symes, T. A. Meader, F. H.
White, A. R. Bone and Geo. B. Wallace have served in that capacity.
The entire amount voted by the town for the library to Jan. 1, 1911, is
$1089.37.

The entire number of books at the main library has been 1311. Of
these, 304 were donated by the W. C. T. U. at the Corner, 131 came from
the state, and many have been given by friends. Part have been trans-
ferred to the branch libraries.

The South Ryegate branch was located in Hibbard's store, Mr. Hib-
bard being librarian. In the fire of 1898, 133 of the 136 books were
consumed, with the book-cases, fixtures, etc. Miss Marion Hall has been
librarian since 1899. Special donors of books have been Mrs. Whitehead
of California (now Mrs. Welch) and Miss Birckbeck of New York City.
Entertainments have been given by the young people, and the proceeds
used in the purchase of books. In 1908 a branch was established at
East Ryegate and Geo. B. Wallace made librarian.

242 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

A verv unique library, \vA\ worthy of our especial meation, is the
" Whitehill Library," in the northwest corner of the town. It has been
st^^led " A library that travels, but is not a traveling library."

In the fall of 1901, Prof. N J. Whitehill of White River Junction, who
had attended the winter schools in that district when a boy, made a col-
lection of about one hundred volumes, which he offered to furnish for the
use of the school, if a suitable bookcase would be provided for them.
The people were pleased with the idea, and by means of entertainments
secured funds for a sectional Wernicke case. The idea expanded from a
school librar}^ to a neighborhood library, and by the time they had a
case, the number of books had increased to about 200, and now is over
450. This library spends a year in one house, and is then moved to an-
other, the mistress of the house caring for them, and acting as librarian.
The association also owns an organ and a set of dishes. With these they
get up suppers and entertainments, and with the proceeds buy new books.
When not in use the organ is kept in the schoolhouse and used by the
teacher, and some of the reference books are kept there. The books, are
well selected and free to all who use them, and indicate a high standard
of intelligence in that community. " This collection of books is the centre
of the social and intellectual life of that corner of the town."

It would seem that a town whose inhabitants desire the benefits
which a collection of the world's best literature gives to a community,
should also have some one to do what Miss Tenney and the Blake family
have done for Newbury and Corinth— provide a suitable building tor a
public library.

The change from a time when Ryegate was practically a self-support-
ing community, producing within itself nearly everything which it con-
sumed, is shown by the amount of western grain and feed brought into
the town and fed to dairy, stock and teams. The amounts can only be
given approximately, but are near enough to stand for comparison with
what the town may require fifty years hence.

At the present time grain and feed are sold in town by grain dealers
at South and East Ryegate and brought from Groton, Boltonville, Wells
River and Mclndoes. In addition there are farmers who combine to pur-
chase their own feed, a carload at a time, dividing it among themselves.
Mr. G. G. Nelson computes that not less than 4500 tons ot feed are
brought into town and fed out, in each year. At the same time the acre-
age of corn and grain can hardly be less than it was fifty years ago, as
other grains have taken the place of land once devoted to wheat.

OLD AND NEW. 243

Mr. W. T. George, who has been connected with the grain and feed
business at South Ryegate for more than thirty years, has given us some
particulars of that portion of the local trade which has been under his
immediate observation.

In 1879 Air. G. L. Hall sold all the western grain and feed called for
here, which was ground at Clark's mill in Groton, and delivered in one-
horse loads as wanted— from 1500 lbs. to a ton per week. Sometimes in
the fall or early winter, the larger farmers would club together and buy a
car of assorted feed from the west.

When the Ryegate Granite Works were in full operation thev used
large quantities of feed, which they drew with teams from Wells River,
and sold to customers. Then P. Gibson and Son were in tlie same busi-
ness, which Terry and George took up after they went out of trade. In
the later '70's Beattie & Nelson built a storehouse and did a large trade
for two years, selling about 100 cars a year. This building, sold to M.
H.Gibson, was leased to Everett Forsyth as a depot for his Topsham and
Corinth trade. In November, 1900, Mr. George was emplo^^ed by the
latter to open a retail trade, and supply customers, buying out the busi-
ness Feb. 1, 1904, In these seven years he has averaged sixty-five cars a
year of twenty-five tons each. In addition during the dry years 1908-
'10 he received and sold forty-five cars of pressed hay from Ohio, in con-
trast with common years, when large quantities of hay are baled and
shipped from this town. Not all this amount is fed out on the farms, as
stone, road and lumber teams use large quantities, and much is sold to
other towns. Many of the cars received were partly loaded with flour,
amounting to two or three cars a year. Mr. Nelson averaged about forty
cars a year at East Ryegate most of which was consumed in town.

Mr. N. A. Park, although not a regular dealer, has bought for him-
self and his neighbors some forty cars of feed, within ten years, and
Charles E F. Miller was in the feed business for some time. It will be
seen that Ryegate expends large sums annually for western grain and
feed.

Mr. Whitelaw mentions that in April 1774, they made about 60 lbs.
of maple sugar, — the first article which the colonists produced in Ryegate.
This was an entireU' new thing for them, a very wonderful thing too,
and we would have liked to see those Scotchmen tasting maple sugar and
maple svrup for the first time.

The manufacture of sugar and syrup has been one of the leading
industries of Ryegate, and the amount of money which it has brought
into the town would surprise people. Its evolution from the wooden
trough, the sap-yoke, ajid the great kettle hung from a pole, to the mod-

244 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ern pail, the metal gathering tubs, the evaporator, the sugaring-off arch,
woukl be a tale of experiment, selection and rejection. A demand con-
stantly increasing has stimulated production and improved its quality.

The telephone and rural mail delivery have greatly changed the con-
dition of farm life, and people wonder how the}' ever got along without
them. The first telegraph was extended to Wells River about 1850 and
followed the highway to St. Johnsbury. Telephone service began about
thirty 3'ears ago, but it was very expensive, and confined at first to
communications between fixed stations. Improvements in construction,
and the expiration of patents brought it within the reach of all, and the
telephone is a household necessity. Part of the town is served by lines
connected with the New England Telephone Co , and part by the People's
Telephone.

Electricity as a mode of lighting and mechanical force is the greatest
of modern applications, and has revolutionized many industries by the
ease with which power is transmitted from a distance and directly
applied.

The R\'egate Light and Power Co., was incorporated April 7, 1906,
with the following as members: M. F. Sargent, Roljert Farquharson,
F.J. Tewksbury, A. D. Grant, G. H. Roben, A. T. Beaton, James Craigie,
C. H. Taplin and H. W. Goodine. In October, 1908, the company pur-
chased water power at Boltonville, and erected an electric plant there
and a line to South Ryegate at a cost of about $25,000. The current for
power and lighting is chiefly used at South Ryegate where the amount
sold for manufacturing purposes is about 170 horse power. There is
also a street lighting plant and about thirty-five buildings are lighted.
The operations for the first full year gave very satisfactory results. The
power is also used for running the machinery in the granite works. The
present oflScers are, M. F. Sargent, President; N. A. Park, Vice-Presi-
dent; Mrs. Jane Park, Treasurer; R. Farquharson, Clerk.

The Blue Mountain Telephone Co., an independent line, was incorpo-
rated in Nov. 1908, with a capital stock of $3,000, divided into 120
shares of $25 each. At the first meeting held Jan. 2d, 1904, of which R.
Farquharson was chairman, A. J. Whitcher, Albert Wright and H. E.
Brown were chosen directors. The former was chosen President, A. T,
Beaton, Secretary and Treasurer. The succeeding officers have been :

1905. R. Farquharson, Pres. ; A. J. Whitcher, Vice-Pres.; L. G.
Welch, Sec, ; F. Weld, Treas.

1906. Geo. Cochran, Pres. ; James Craigie, Sec. ; A. T. Beaton, Treas.

OLD AND NEW. 245

1907. C. M. Libbey, Pres. ; C. H. Grant, Sec; A. T. Beaton, Treas.

1908. C. M. Libbey, Pres.; J. S. Bone, Vice-Pres.; Carlyle McLam,
Sec; C. H. Taplin, Treas.

1909. C. M. Libbey, Pres. ; H, Randall, Vice-Pres.; C. McLam, Sec. ;
C. H. Taplin, Treas,

1910. A. Wright. Pres.; C. B. Helmer, Vice-Pres.; C. McLam, Sec;
C. H. Taplin, Treas.

1911. T. A. Meader, Pres.; G. G. Nelson, Vice-Pres.; M. E. Beckley,
Vice-Pres. ; F. R. McColl, Treas. ; F. J. Tewksbury, Gen. Manager.

The company owns and operates wires in Newbury, Ryegate and
Groton connecting with the People's Telephone system.

The Order of Scottish Clans is a fraternal institution composed of
Scotsmen and their descendants, and its object is to preserve the tradi-
tions and recollections of Scotland, cultivating its customs and amuse-
ments, and furnishing to its members those benefits which are usually
conferred by fraternal societies. The constitution is elaborate and pro-
vides for the government of the Order, whose officials and divisions are
designated by titles which were anciently held by the officers of the Scot-
tish clans. One of the principal objects of the Order is to care for its sick
and disabled members, and provides a mode of insurance for the benefit
of their families in case of death. The Order was organized at St. Louis
in 1878, and now consists of 204 Clans, as each local body is designated,
which are grouped in divisions called Grand Clans, in whose annual meet-
ing each Clan is represented, and whose delegates comprise the Royal
Clan which meets biennially. There are three Clans in this State, at
South Rvegate, Hard wick and Barre, the latter being the largest in the
country. The organization is prosperous, and by means of the Bequeath-
ment Fund hundreds of widows and orphans have been assisted. The
Order supports a monthly paper called "The Fiery Cross."

Clan Farquharson, the 8th Clan to be organized, was instituted in
1883. Robert Farquharson, the prime mover in its origin came here
from Quincy, Mass., and there were eighteen charter members. About
fifty have been connected with it, of whom seven have died, and others
have moved away. M. F. McDonald is the present chief, Wm. Terry,
secretary, and Robert Farquharson, treasurer.

To the names of college graduates who were natives of Ryegate
should be added that of WilHam H. Symes, a graduate of Cornell Univ.,
1909, and Edward Cowlesat Dartmouth in 1859. There must be a num-
ber whose names have not reached us, and it is safe to say that there
must have been thirty-five natives of the town who completed a classical

246 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONr.

course, besides several who did not complete their course. Several young
men and young women are now in college. This is a very good showing
for a farming town whose population has been small, which had no large
village or a class of people of wealth and leisure. So far as can be ascer-
tained all have been able to give a good account of themselves.

Mention has been made of Rev. William Forsythe. Deming's cata-
logue states that the election sermon before the legislature of 1799 at
Windsor was preached by a clergyman bearing that name. Diligent
search at the state library fails to find any other clergyman in this state
of the name at that date, than the Ryegate minister. In those days,
when some prominent minister was invited to deliver a discourse before
the General Assembly, it was an honor greatly coveted, and Mr, Forsythe,
who had been in this country only two years, must have been a very
unusual man to have attracted sufficient attention for the reception of
the honor. The printed discourse which we have mentioned, shows him
to have possessed^a very elegant style, and Gen. Whitelaw mentions him
as a very able man. His work in Nova Scotia was most honorable, both
as a teacher, and as pastor of the same church for forty years, where his
name is still revered, and it seems most unfortunate that Ryegate people
of that day allowed so valuable a man to go away, when a little more
liberality might have kept him. It seems by his letters that he did not
receive all that was due him from Ryegate for several years.

The custom of having a sermon delivered at the opening of the Gen-
eral Assembly was brought from Massachusetts, and began with its first
session at Windsor in 1777, when the election sermon was delivered by
Rev. Peter Powers of Newbury. It was also the custom that all the
ministers present afterwards dined at the tavern at the expense of the
state. The practice was discontinued "from motives of economy " many
Years ago. It is doubted if the state gained anything by its discontin-
uance. If any assembly ever needed wholesome advice at its opening it
is the Vermont legislature. Other than Mr. Forsythe, Rev. John Fitch of
Danville and Rev. Thomas GoodwilHe of Barnet were the only ministers
of Caledonia county who attainedjto this honor.

Mr. Miller pays a tribute to the women of Ryegate in these words:
" No nobler race of women ever lived than the wives and mothers of Rye-
gate people." To record all their noble deeds would require a volume.
There were many cases of young women suddenly widowed, with chil-
dren, and a farm not paid for, who resolutely grappled v^'ith adversity,
paid off mortgages, reared and educated children, erected comfortable
buildings, and lived to enjoy a tranquil old age. The Scotch women of
early years liked to work out of doors and were skilled in many occupa-

OLD AND NEW, 247

tions which their descendants know nothing about. Mr Miller records
feats of women's work in reaping which seem marvelous. Mrs. J. B.
Nelson mentions that two young women on the farm of William Nelson,
2d, dug in one fall, and put into the "potato hole" 500 bushels of pota-
toes.

The early immigrants to this Scotch town in Yankee-land and their
immediate descendants, preserved and exercised some customs of the old
country which are only traditionary with the present generation. Mar-
tinmas, Lanmas, and All-Hallow-e'en were observed, but Christmas was
considered as savoring of popery, and it does not appear that Thanks-
giving Day was kept until the town had been long settled. New Year's
Day was to the people of those days what Thanksgiving is now, a day
of feasting and home coming. The traditions, the folk-lore, the supersti-
tions of Scotland were rehearsed at the firesides of Ryegate, and the
stories of the sufferings of the Covenanters were told over and over again
to audiences which never wearied of them.

In reviewing this imperfect presentation of the annals of Ryegate for
a period of one hundred and thirty-seven years the one thing most evi-
dent is the inadequateness of words and sentences to embody the real
histor}^ of a town. We may catalogue its events, enumerate its people,
relate the history 0:f fts rnstitHtions, and speak of the changes which
time has wrought. Bu,t these are onlv the outward and visible manifesta-
tions of things which underlie all events. Men and women of untiring
energy, faith in God, self-reliance and sturdy good sense, built up the
town. They were people of ver}' positive views, unjnelding in their con-
victions, and held first of all, a sense of personal accountability to God.
Strong traits of character were manifested by these children of Scotland
among the Vermont hills. That they sometimes erred is onW to say that
they were very human people after all. The schools, churches and other
institutions of the town have arisen from small beginnings, and the ex-
perience of several generations has been applied to their enlargement.
The present era will pass them on to the next. What the future has in
store for the town is be^'ond our knowledge. Neither do we know what
use coming generations will make of this noble heritage of the fathers.

The sons and daughters of Ryegate have carried to a thousand com-
munities the good seed garnered upon these hills. We are glad to speak
in these pages of their achievements and success. But all honor to those
who have remained here, and have in the face of man\' discouragements,
preserved its institutions and its good reputation.

CHAPTER XXIV.

Town Officers.

Town Clerks. — Delegates to Constitutional Conventions.— Representa-
tives — Listers.— Superintendents of Schools. — Moderators of Town
Meetings.

RYEGATE has hardly had a fair share of state or county officers.
John Cameron was a councillor in 1811 and 1812. One or two
state senators were residents of Ryegate, and the town has fur-
nished two or three assistant judges of the county court. But natives
of the town as the records will show, have honored it by service in high
places elsewhere.

In this chapter are given the names of those who held the more im-
portant offices in town. In early days there were several offices which
are now discontinued — haywards, pound-keepers, tything-men, and deer-
reeves. Most of these were dropped long ago. Tything-men continued
to be elected down to 1850, but not every year. In one year there were
twelve tything-men and seven haywards. The next year they got along
without either. It is to the credit of the town that in most years party
politics have been dropped at town meetings.

Town Clerks.

James Whitelaw was clerk from the first settlement of the town till
March 2, 1829, excepting in 1780, when Robert Brock was elected ; Josiah
Page, 1784-1787, and David Dunbar in 1788— seven years held by
others. Gen. Whitelaw w^as clerk about fifty years William Gra}^ 1829-
1844; George Co wles, 1844-1866 ; Alexander Cochran, 1866-1890; M.
R. Gra}'^ till death in 1896; James Johnston, Feb. 4 to March meeting,
1896; John A. McLam, March, 1896 to date. Mrs. Martha J. McLam
was appointed by Mr. Johnston as assistant clerk and still holds the
position.

DELEGATES TO CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTIONS.

1793 Josiah Page ' 1814 John Nelson

1822 Hugh Laughlin 1828 James Nelson, Jr.

1836 Ebenezer Morrill 1843 Harry Moore

1850 Harry Moore 1870 Wni. J Gibson

TOWN OFFICERS.

249

Town Representatives.

There is reason to believe that James Whitelaw was elected town
representative in 1783. [See p. 95]. The early records are very meagre
but he was elected in 1786. It is probable that he also represented
the town at the session at Newbury in 1787. Deming's catalogue of
state officers gives no names for 1788 or 1789, but the town records
state that Josiah Page was elected in the latter year. The representa-
tives since 1789 have been as follows:

TOWN REPRESENTATIVES.

1790 John Gray 1791

1792 Josiah Page 1793

1794 Josiah Page 1795

1796 ■ Josiah Page 1797

1798 John Cameron 1799

1800 William Neilson 1801

1802 lohn Cameron 1803

1804 John Cameron 1805

1806 James Nelson, Jr. 1807

1808 John Cameron 1809

1810 Not represented 1811

1812 Hugh Laughlin 1813

1814 John Nelson 1815

1816 Hugh Laughlin 1817

1818 Alexander Henderson 1819

1820 John Cameron 1821

1822 John Cameron 1S23

1824 Robert Whitelaw 1825

1826 John Cameron 1827

1828 WilHam Gray 1829

1830 James Neilson, Jr. 1831

1832 John Cameron 1833

1834 James Neilson, Jr. 1835

1836 Robert Whitelaw 1837

1838 Robert Whitelaw 1839

1840 James Hall, 2d 1841

1842 Robert Whitelaw 1843

1844 Robert Whitelaw 1845

1846 John Cameron, 2d 1847

1848 John McLure 1849

1850 Robert Cochran 1851

1852 William T. Whitelaw 1853

1854 James R. Park 1855

1856 Cloud Somers 1857

1858 James Nelson 1859

1860 John f^. Darling 1861

1862 "Robert Nelson 1863

1864 George Cowles 1865

1866 John P. Nelson 1867

1868 John F^igelow 1869

John Gray
Josiah Page
John Gray
John Cameron
William Neilson
John Cameron
John Cameron
John Cameron
John Cameron
John Cameron
Hugh Laughlin
James Henderson
James Henderson
Hugh Laughlin
Not represented
James Neilson
Robert Whitelaw
Robert Whitelaw
William Gray
James Neilson, Jr.
James Neilson, Jr.
James Neilson, Jr.
Robert Whitelaw
Thomas Nelson
James Hall, 2d
James Hall, 2d
Robert Whitelaw
Thomas Nelson, Jr.
John McLure
Robert Cochran
William T Whitelaw
Not recorded
Claud Somers
James Nelson
John B. Darling
John Cameron, 2d
Robert Nelson
George Cowles
John F. Nelson
John Higelow

By the constitutional convention of 1870, the bi-ennial system of
legislative terms was adopted. The subsequent representatives have
been:

250

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

1870
1874
1878
1882
1886
1890
1894
1898
1902
1906
1910

1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
180 i
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825

James Dickey
Edward Miller
Henry McCole
Pringle Gibson
Thomas Nelson
Charles K. Canfield
George G. Nelson
W. J Henderson
William N. Gilfillan
Samuel F. Nelson
Samuel Mills

1872
1876
1880
1884
1888
1892
1896
1900
1904
1908

Alanson S. Moore
James Johnston
Jefferson Renfrew
George Cochran
James Johnston
Solomon Chamberlin
Quincy A. Whitehill
\Vm. T. McLam
Benjamin Manchester
Charles M. Wallace

SELECTMEN.

John Shaw, Patrick Lang, Alexander Symes.

James Henderson, Robert Brock, William Neilson.

John Gray, John Scott, John Hyndman.

Archibald Taylor, Thomas McKeith, Robert Somers.

Alexander Symes, Andrew Brock, James Henderson.

Josiah Page, John Gra^-, John Orr.

Wm. Neilson, Elihu Johnson, Archibald Taylor.

Wm. Neilson, John Orr, Andrew Brock.

John Gra3-, Alex. Miller, Andrew Brock.

Josiah Page, John Gray, James Whitelaw.

Josiah Page, David Dunbar, Andrew Brock.

Alexander Aliller, Joseph Smith, U m. Johnson.

John Gray, Wm. Neilson, Josiah Page.

John Wallace, John Gra^-, James Henderson.

John Wallace, Josiah Page, James Whitelaw.

James Whitelaw, Wm. Neilson, John GraA*.

John Gray, John Wallace, Jesse Heath.

John Wallace, N. B. I'age, Alex Miller.

Hugh Gardner, John Gray, William Johnson.

John Gray, Wm. Johnson, Jesse Heath.

John Gray, John Cameron, Wm. Neilson.

Wm. Neilson, 2d, John Cameron, Hugh Gardner.

John Cameron, John Gray, Wm. Neilson, Jr.

John Cameron. Wm. Neilson, Jr . John Graj'.

John Cameron, Wm. Neilson, Jr., John Gray.

John Cameron, Wm. Neilson, Hugh Laughlin.

John Cameron, John Gray, Wm. Neilson.

Wm. Neilson, Sr., John Gray, Hugh Laughlin.

John Gra^-, William Neilson,

Wm. Neilson, Hugh Laughlin, Jabez Bigelow.
Wm. Neilson, Sr ,"Hugh Laughlin, Jabez Bigelow.
Jabez Bigelow, Josiah Page, James Esden.
James Hsden, James Neilson, Jr., .Alex. Henderson.
Hugh Laughlin, Alex. Henderson, John Cameron.

Hugh Laughlin, Alexander Park,

Wm. Gibson, Sr., Nathaniel Knight, James Henderson.
Hugh Laughlin John Neilson, Archibald Park.
John Neilson. Archibald Park Robert Whitelaw.
Archibald Park, Nicholas White, Wm. Gray.
Archibald Park, John Neilson. Nicholas White.
Nicholas White, Hugh Laughlin, Wm. Gray.
Nicholas White Jesse Heath Hugh Laughiui.
Nicholas White, Jesse Heath, John Gibson.
Nicholas White, Jesse Heath, John Gibson.
Hugh Laughlin, William Gray. Archibald Park.
Nicholas White, John Cameron, Archibald Park.
Hugh Laughlin, Archibald Park. John Gibson.
John Cameron, Archibald Park, William Gray.

TOWN OFFICERS.

251

1826 Archibald Park, William Gray, John Cameron.

1827 John Cameron. Abraham Page, Williaiii Gray.

1828 Abraham Page, William Gray, James Nelson.

1829 Abraham Page, Archibald Park, Nicholas White.

1 830 Archibald Park, James Nelson, Jr., John Cameron.

1831 Nicholas White, Abraham Page, James Nelson, Jr.

1832 Abraham Page, Edward Miller, Andrew Warden.

1833 John Cameron, Jr., John Gibson, John Nelson.

1834 John Nelson, John Cameron, Jr., Archibald Park.

1835 John Gibson. Edward Miller, Archibald Park.

1836 Archibald Park, lohn Nelson, James Hall, 2d

1837 James Hall, 2d, Timothy N. Stocker, John Nelson.

1838 James Hall, 2d, .Archibald Park, Robert Symes.

1839 James Hall, 2d, Archibald Park, Lawson Hruce.

1840 John Cameron, George Cowles, Robert Whitelaw.

1841 James Hall, 2d, George Cowles, James R. Park.

1842 George Cowles. James Hall, 2d, James R Park.

1843 George Cowles, Robert Svmes, Robert Gibson, 2d.

1844 James Hall, 2d, John McClure, Robert Miller.

1845 James Hall, 2d, John McClure, Robert Miller.

1846 James Hall, 2d, John McClure, Robert Miller.

1847 John McClure, Wm. T. Whitelaw, Harry Moore.

1848 John McClure, James R. Park, Thomas Nelson, Jr.

1849 John Cameron, Robert Gibson. 2d, .Moses Gates.

1850 John McClure, Moses Gates, John Bigelow.

1851 Harry xMoore, Thomas Nelson, Jr., James R. Park.

1852 Harry Moore, Thomas Nelson, Jr., James R. Park

1853 John McClure, S. A. Moore, Robert Cochran.

1854 Samuel A. .Moore, Robert Cochran, James K. Park.

1855 Robert Hall. Robert Gibson, 2d, M. R. Gray.

1856 Robert Hall, M. R. Gray, Robert Gibson, 2d.

1857 James R. Park, John McClure, Robert Nelson.

1858 James K. Park, Robert Nelson, Robert Cochran.

1859 Robert Cochran, Wm. J. Gibson. James Dickey.

1860 Wm. J. Gibson. James Dickey, W.J. Henderson.

1861 W. J. Henderson, Tames White, Moses D. Johnson.

1862 James White, M. D. Johnson, A. S. Moore.

1863 James White. H. G. Gibson, W. T. Whitelaw.

1864 H. G. Gibson, W. T. Whitelaw, W. J. Nelson.

1865 W. J. Nelson, Robert Nelson, Robert Gibson, 2d.

1866 Robert Nelson, Robert Gibson, Geo. L. Hall.

1867 G. L. Hall, Edward Miller. John H. Currier.

1868 G. L. Hall, John H. Currier, Edward Miller.

1869 Robert Cochran, Robert Nelson, John F. Nelson.

1870 Robert Cochran, Robert Iselson, Pringle Gibson.

1871 Pringle Gibson. Geo. L. Hall, Thomas Nelson.

1872 Geo. L. Hall, Thos. Nelson. James Johnston.

1873 James Johnston, Moses B Hall, Robert Nelson.

1874 M. R. Gray, Geo L Hall, George Cochran.

1875 Geo. L. Hall, George Cochran, W. ]. Gibson.

1876 W. J. Gibson, G. L. Hall. Hugh G. Miller.

1877 W.J. Gibson G. L. Hall, H. G. Miller.

1878 Hugh G Miller. G. L. Hall, Robert Nelson.

1879 Geo. L. Hall. Robert Nelson, Hugh G. Miller.

1880 lames lohnston. Thomas Nelson, Jefferson Renfrew.

1881 James Johnston, Jefferson Renfrew. Thomas Nelson.

1882 James Johnston, Jefferson Renfrew, Thomas Nelson.

1883 Edward Miller, James White, Solomon Chamberhn.

1884 Pringle Gibson, David Lang, Solomon Chamberhn.

1885 Edward Miller, Geo. A. Gibson, Wm. J. Nelson.

1886 Edward Miller, Geo. A. Gibson, Wm. J. Nelson.

252

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

1887 Geo. Cochran, \Vm. T. McLam, Henry McCole.

1888 Geo. Cochran, Wm. T. McLani, Henry McCole.

1889 John Henderson, Quinc3' A. Whitehill, Benjamin Manchester.

1890 John Henderson. Quincy A. Whitehill, Benjamin Manchester.

1891 James Johnston, Solomon Chamberlin, Wm. J. Henderson.

1892 James Johnston, W.J. Henderson, Solomon Chanil)erlin.

1893 W. J. Henderson, M. F. Sargent, C. W. Whitehill.

1894 James Johnston, A. A. Miller. C. W. Whitehill

1895 A. A. Miller, C W. Whitehill, M. F. Sargent.

1896 Harvey Dunn, M. F. Sargent, C. W. Whitehill.

1897 M. F. Sargent, Geo. G. Nelson, W. P. White.

1898 Geo. G. Nelson, Wm. N. Gilfillan, B. Manchester.

1899 Wm. N. Gilfillan, B. Manchester, C. H. McLure.

1900 W. T George, C. H. McLure, Geo. A. Gibson.

1901 Geo. Cochran, C. H. McLure, H. T. Chamberlin.

1902 Geo. Cochran, C. H, McLure, Geo. P. Sanderson.

1903 Geo. Cochran, C. H. McLure, Geo. P. Sanderson.

1904 Geo. Cochran. W. T. George, Geo. P. Sanderson.

1905 Geo. Cochran, W. T. George. Geo. P. Sanderson.

1906 Geo. Cochran, G. G. Nelson, Peach Thomas.

1907 Geo. G. Nelson, Peach Thomas, Wilbert Renfrew.

1908 Geo. G. Nelson, Peach Thomas, Wilbert Renfrew.

1909 Geo. G. Nelson, Wm T. McLure, R. Farquharson.

The legislature of 1908 changed the law, and provided that ^one
selectman only should be chosen annually.

1910 Geo. G. Nelson, 1911 H. Chamberlin.

The moderator of the annual town meeting is, ex officio, moderator
of all subsequent meetings during the year. In his absence another is
chosen.

MODERATORS OF TOWN MEETINGS

1781
1783
1785
1787
1789
1791
1793
1795
1797
1799
1801
1803
1805
1807
1809
1811
1813
1815
1817
1819
1821
1823
1825
1827
1829

Alexander Symes
Josiah Page
John Gray
James Whitelaw
John Gray
John Gray
Josiah Page
Josiah Page
Jabez Bigelow
John Cameron
Jabez Bigelow
John Cameron
Not given
John Cameron
Josiah Page
Jabez Bigelow
Jabez Bigelow
Robert Whitelaw
William Gray
Jabez Bigelow
Not given
Jabez Bigelow
Not given
Not given
.Abraham Page

1782 John Hyndman

1784 William Neilson

1786 James Whitelaw

1788 Josiah Page

1790 John Gray

1792 josiah Page

1794 Josiah Page

1796 John Gray

1798 Josiah Page

1800 Josiah Page

1802 Jabez Bigelow

1804 John Cameron

1806 Not given

1808 John Cameron

1810 Robert Whitelaw

1812 Jabez Bigelow

1814 Robert Wliitelaw

1816 Hugh Laughhn

1818 William Grav

1820 Jesse Heath '

1822 Jabez Bigelow

1824 Jabez Bigelow

1826 "Abraham Page

1828 William Gray

1830 John Cameron

TOWN OrnCF.RS OF RYEGATE VT. FOR I909

NEW YORK

TOWX OFFICERS.

253

1831 John Cameron

1833 Archibald Park

1835 John Cameron

1837 Alexander Harvey

1839 John Cameron

1841 James Hall, 2d

1843 James Hall 2d

1845 James Hall, 2d

1847 John Cameron

1849 '1 homas Nelson

1851 John Bigelow

1853 Thomas Nelson, Jr.

1855 Thomas Nelson. Jr.

1857 Alexander Somers

1859 Thomas Wason

1861 John McLure

1863 William T. Whitelaw

1865 James White

1867 James White

1869 John Bigelow

1871 John Biijelow

.1873 W. J. Henderson

1875 lames White

1877 James White

1879 M. R. Gray

1881 Alexander'Dunnett

]883 W. I. Henderson

1885 M. R. Grav

1887 W.J.Henderson

1889 W.J.Henderson

1891 W I Henderson

1893 W. ']. Henderson

1895 T. A. Aleader

1897 Pringle C-ibson

1899 T. A. iMeader

1901 T. A. .Meader

1903 T. A. Meader

1905 T. A. Meader

1907 y. 1). McAllister

1909 T. A. Meader

1911 T. A. Meader

1832

John Cameron

1834

John B Whitelaw

1836

James .Nelson, Jr.

1838

Archibald Park

1840

John Cameron

1842

John Catneron

1844

John Cameron

1846

James Hall, 2d

1848

Thomas Nelson

1850

John Hijjelow

1852

Thomas Nelson. Jr.

1854

William T. Whitelaw

1856

William T. Whitelaw

1858

WilHam T. Whitelaw

1860

Claudius Somers

1862

W. J. Henderson

1864

James White

1866

William T. Whitelaw

1868

James White

1870

James White

1872

James White

1874

James White

1876

James White

1878

James White

1880

Alexander Dunnett

1882

Alexander Dunnett

1884

W.J. Henderson

1886

Thomas Nelson

1888

W. J. Henderson

1890

W. J. Henderson

1892

Pringle Gibson

1894

T. A Meader

1896

T. A. Meader

1898

W. J. Henderson

1900

W. J. Henderson

1902

T. A. Meader

1904

T. A. Meader

1906

J. D McAllister

1908

J. D. McAllister

1910

T. A. Meader

Listers.

Li-ters were at first called Assessors, and those who have held the
office liave been :

In 1776, John Gray and James Whitelaw, and there is no mention of their
successors till 1781 when John Gray was chosen.

1 782 John Gray, John Orr.

Archibald Taylor, .Andrew Brock.
John liraA', William Johnston.
William Neilson.
William Neilson, Hugh Gardner.
.Andrew Brock James Neilson.

1783
1784
1785
1786

1787
17S8
1789
1790
1791
1792

James Whitelaw, Josiah Page.

254

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VEEMONT.

1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
180 L
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854

James Henderson, Hugh Gardner.
John Gray, Hugh Gardner.
Jabez Bigelow, Alexander Miller.

Jabez Bigelow, John Cameron.

James Whitelaw. John (iray.

Jabez Bigelow, Hugh Gardner, Jonathan Darling.

Hugh Johnson, Hugh Gardner, Hugh Laughlin.

Hugh Johnson, Josiah Darling, John Neilson.

John Neilson, James Esden, Jal)ez Bigelow.

James Esden, James Nelson. Jr., Jabez Bigelow.

Wm. Craig, Jabez Bigehjw, James Nelson.

Not recorded.

John Nelson, Nathaniel Knight, James Craig.

James .Melson, [r., Robert Whitelaw, Jona Darling.

John Page, Hugh Laughlin, Jabez Bigelow.

Wm. Craig, Jr , John Nelson, John Page.

John Nelson Robert Whitelaw, Thomas Heath.

Robert Whitelaw, Hugh Laughlin John Cameron.
William Gray, William Allen, Jabez Bigelow.
Jabez Bigelow, John Cameron, Alexander Henderson.
John Page, Robert Whitelaw, Hugh Laughlin.
Hugh Laughlin, Jabez Bigelow, William Gray.
Arch. Park, Ezekiel Manchester. Jabez Bigelow.
Jabez Bigelow, John Page, Alexander Hendeison.
James Esden, John Nelson, Ja1)ez Bigelow.
Jabez Bigelow, James Nelson, James Esden.
Alexander Harvey, Jabez Bigelow, Amos Noyes.
Jabez Bigelow, Amos Noyes, Alexander Harvey.
Jesse Heath, William Gray, Alex. Henderson.
Hugh Laughlin, Jabez Bigelow. Alex. Harvey.
Jabez Bigelow, Alex. Harvey, Alex. Henderson.
Andrew Warden, Ebenezer Morrill, Jabez Bigelow.
Robert Whitelaw, James Nelson, Amos Noyes.
jabez Bigelow, William Gray, Andrew Buchanan.
Ebenezer Morrill. Abraham Page, John Nelson.
Walter Roben, William Gray, Amos Noyes.
John Cameron, Jr., William Blair, John Gibson.
John B. Whitelaw, James Nelson, Jr , Ebenezer Morrill.
John B. Whitelaw, Ebenezer Morrill, George Nelson.
John Nelson, James Hall, John Bigelow.
John Bigelow. John Gibson. William Blair.
John Cameron, Thomas Nelson, William Gray.
Thomas Nelson, Harry Moore, John Hall
Amos Noyes, John Cameron, Thomas Nelson.
John Bigelow, John .Nelson, Thomas Nelson.
John Bigelow, Robert Symes, George Cowles.
John Cameron, Robert Symes, Arch. Park.
Wm. J. White, John Cameron, Tames Hall, 2d.
John Bigelow, Robert Symes, John Buchanan.
John Cameron, James R. Park, Thomas Nelson.
John Cameron, Robert Gibson, Wm. T. Whitelaw.
John Cameron, Arch Park, Robert Gibson, 2d.
Abram Whitehill, Robert Hall, Jr.. Wm. Henderson, Jr.
Wm. T. Whitelaw, Abram Whitehill, Robert Nelson.
Abram Whitehill, Wm. T. Whitelaw, Wm. J. Gibson.
James R. Park, John Buchanan, Alex. Holmes.
David Nelson. John McClure. Claudius Stewart.
George Cowles, J. R Park. Cloud Somers.
Robert Hall, Cloud Somers Thos. Nelson, Jr.

TOWN OFFICERS.

255

1855 John Cameron, Cloud Somers, S. A. Moore.

1856 A. Laughlin, Robert Cochran, W. T. Whitelaw.

1857 M. D.Johnson, George Lauder, Robert Symes.

1858 Geo. Lauder, Robert Miller, M. D.Johnson.

1859 H. E. Gibson, Geo. Lauder, Robert Svmes.

1860 J. R. Park, H. G. Gibson, Robert Hall.

1861 J. R. Park, James Nelson, Robert Miller.

1862 J. R. Park, R. Aliller, Jas. Nelson.

1863 Robert Gibson, 2d, John H. Currier, VVm. Ntlson.

1864 Robert Gibson. J. R. Park, W. J. Gibson.

1865 J. R. Park, H. G. Gibson, Robert Cochran.

1866 H. G. Gibson, R. Cochran, J. Li. Gibson.

1867 J..hn B. Nelson, Wm. J. Gibson, W.J. Henderson.

1868 Wm. J. Gibson, Wm. J Nelson, Wni. J. Henderson.

1869 Wm. J. Nel-on, Robert Miller, Robert Gibson, 2d.

1870 James R. Park, H. G. Miller, H. G. Gibson.

1871 lames R. Park, W. J. Henderson, H. G. Gibson.

1872 W. J. Henderson, John Miller, Robert Dickson.

1873 John Miller, Robert Dickson, James White.

1874 James White, James Johnston, Geo A.Gibson.

1875 James Johnston, Geo. A. Gibson, J. R. Park.

1876 J. R. Park, Thomas Nelson, Pringle Gibson.

1877 Thomas Nelson, Pringle Gibson, John Nelson.

1878 John Henderson, James Johnston, Wm. J. Gibson.

1879 James Johnston, Jefferson Renfrew. John Miller.

1880 John Miller, Geo. A. Gibson, John Henderson.

1881 M. R. Gray, W. J. Henderson, James White.

1882 M. R. Gray, W. J. Henderson, James White.

1883 James Johnston, Geo. Cochran, A. S. Moore.

1884 Geo. Cochran, Geo. A. Gibson, Wm. T. McLam.

1885 Wm. T. McLam, David Buchanan, N. H. Ricker.

1886 Pringle Gibson, David Buchanan, W. J. Henderson.

1887 Q. A. Whitehill, P. Gibson, Ben. Manchester.

1888 P. Gibson, B. Manchester, Q. A. Whitehill.

1889 Geo. L. Hall, Jas. Johnston, Geo. A. Gibson.

1890 Geo. A. Gibson, Geo. L. Hall, Edward Miller.

1891 Wm. Cas idy, J. H. Symes. Andrew Buchanan.

1892 Wm. Cassidy, J. H. Symes, A. Buchanan.

1893 W. A. Gibson, T. A. Meader, Harvey Dunn.

1894 W. A. Gibson, Thos. A. Meader, Ben. Manchester.

1895 J. D. McAllister, S. F. Nelson, Harvey Dunn.

1896 F. R. McColl, A. A. Miller, S. F. Nelson.

1897 F. R. McColl, C. H. McLure. S. F. Nelson.

1898 F. R. McColl, S. F. Nelson, C. H. McLure.

1899 F. R. McColl, S. F. Nelson, J. H. Symes.

1900 S. F, Nelson, 0. H. Renfrew, A. K. Morse,

1901 F. R. McColl, Geo. E. Harvev, T. A. Meader.

1902 T. A. Meader, P. Gibson, Geo. E. Plarvey.

1903 W. T. George, H. F. Chamberlin, W. N. Gilfillan.

1904 S. F. Nelson, H. F. Chamberlin, R. Farquharson.

1905 T. D. Nelson, R. Farquharson, A. J. Whitehill.

1906 R. Farquhatson, C. H. McLure, C. W. Whitehill.

1907 F^. R. McColl, C. H. McLure, L H. Gilfillan.

1908 C. H. McLure, F. R. McColl, L H Gilfillan.

1909 C. L. McLam, 2. M. Wallace. B. R. Bone.

1910 J. Craigie, C. H. McLure.

School Superintendents and Directors.
There was no supervision of the district schools in town till 1829,
and the people in each district managed their educational affairs as they

256

HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VERMONT.

saw fit. In that year Rev. James Milligan, Dr. Eli Perry and Abraham
Page were chosen a superintending committee. Their successors were:
1830, Dr. Perry; 1831, Rev. James Milligan, Rev. Wm. Pringle and Dr.
Perry; 1832, John Bigelow, Rev. James Milligan and Rev. Wm. Pringle;
1833, Archibald Park, William Gray and John Cameron. For some rea-
son not now clear, there is no further mention in the town records of any
oversight of the schools on the part of the town, till 1846 when it was
voted to have only one superintendent, and Rev. J. M. Beattie was
chosen, and held the office for three years. There seems to have been
some form of examination required for teachers, as in 1846 the first
recorded certificates are mentioned. The succeeding superintendents
were:

James W. Greeg

J t<. Darling

Alex. Dunnett

Kev. J. B. Clapperlin

Marv G. Es^den

R. ).' White

Rev. W. W. Reed

Rev. J. W. Flagg

N. A. Park

Rev. W. S. Wallace

In 1893 the town system of schools came into operation, a school
board of three directors being constituted, one of whom is chosen each
year. The first directors chosen were:

Geo. W. Darling for one year.
Wm. T. McLam for two years.
Walter A. Gilchrist for two years.

The following have served as school directors since 1893:

1849

Rev. Rolx-rt A. Hill

1871-

-74

1850

Rev. James M. Beattie

1875-

-77

1851

Rev. Ro1)ert A. Hill

1878.

'79

1852

John Bi<^elow

1880

1853-

-55

Edward .Vliller

18S1

1856

HughG. Miller

1882-

-84

1857,

'58

TheophilusJ. MiLure

1885

1859,

'60

Archibald Renfrew

1886,

'87

1861-

■63

T.J. xMcLure

188 •>

-01

1864-

-68

Rev. G. M. Wiley

1902-

-07

1869,

'70

Rev. J. M. Beattie

Henry J. Park, six years.
Thos. A. Meader, three years.
S. P. Nelson, three years.
Geo. W. Darling, ten years.
C. W. H. Wilson, three years.

The Directors for 1910 were:

C. W. H. Wilson.
A. W. McLam.
F. R. McColl.

F. R. McColl, three years.
Mrs. J. A. McLam. six years.
A. W. McLam, eight years.
W. N. GilfiUan, three years.

CHAPTER XXV.
Miscellaneous Papers.

James Whitelaw to his father, 1773.— James Henderson's Bond.— Meeting
House Account. — Vote of Members about Timber.— Robert Brock's
Bond. — Weight of Mill Irons. — Certificate of Membership. — Letter
from Managers in Scotland. — Money Remitted to Scotland. — Bill of
Exchange.— Letter from Scotland, 1809.— Ryegate Men in the Revo-
lutionary War, the War of 1812, the Mexican War and the Civil
War.

THE following letter from James Whitelaw to his father gives such
an interesting account of the country just before the revolution-
arj war that we reproduce it :

Dear Father :

Having an opportunity of being once more in this place and of two ships
being ready to sail for England, I again write you that I am in good health and
have reason to be thankful to God that I never was so well in my life as since I
came to this country, for to the best of my remembrance I never gave a single
cough since I left Greenock.

As we have now been through all the places which we intend to visit in this
province, I will give you a short account of what we have seen, since we left this
place. On Wednesday the 9th of June we set out for Albany in a sloop, and ar-
rived there on Saturday the 12th at night, the distance being 165 miles. We met
with worse weather going up the river than we did in all our passage from
Europe. One night it blew so hard that I was obliged to stand for a sailor the
whole night. The land on the banks of river is very steep and rocky, most part
of the way between this and Albany, but when you come near Albany it becomes
flat and very pleasant. Albany is a handsome little town about twice as large
as Anderstown, and the inhabitants mostly Dutch. We set out from there for
lohnson Hall, where Sir William Johnson lives, which is on the bank of the Mo-
hawk River about +4 miles west from Albany where we went to view some lands
he had to sell. The lands are very good, but the situation not so good, being
over a high mountain and through a large swamp, and there is no navigation
nearer than Albany.

Here we saw great numbers of Indians of which there are always plenty
about this place ; they are of a tawny complexion with long straight black hair,
which their squaws or women wear long and tied behind, and the men wear
theirs short. Their shape is handsome for the most part, and of an ordinary size.
They wear no clothes except a kind of blanket which they wrap about their
shoulders, and two pieces of skin which they wear, the one before and the other
behind to cover their nakedness. They seem to be very fond of jewels, as the best
part of them have bracelets, ear-rings and nose jewels, which is an ear-ring which
they hang between their mouth and nose, the gristle of their nose being pierced for
that purpose. We saw one in particular which beside the aforementioned jewels
had a round piece of leather hung before his breast, which was all drove full of

258 HISTORY OF RYEGATE. VERMONT.

\Yhite-headed n lils, and a great number of buttons and other trinkets hung
around it, and he wore a cap made of some beast's skin with the hair on it, and
a long tail came down to his waist, at the end of which hung about 20 or 25
women's thimbles. You may easily conjecture what a noise these trinkets made
as he walked along. What makes them most remarkable is the painting of their
faces which they color all over with red and black streaks.

We bought two horses here and set out from this place for New Penh, where
one Dr Clark lives, who was to inform us about Ian Is and he told us that he
had some small lots, but none large enough for us. From this we were to have
gone to Crown Point, but he told us that all the lands about Lake Champlain
were in dispute between the two governors of York and New Hampshire, and
indeed all the land in the province, so we went from there to Charlestown in Ne\v
Hampshire, w^here Mr. Church lives, who is partner with Or Witherspoon and
Mr. Pagan in their township on Connecticut river, and he went along with us
and showed it to us, and it seems to be good land, but very far back, bein^f more
than 300 miles from New Yo- k, and it lies along the bank of Connecticut river.
It is 200 miles above Hartford which is the highest that sloops run up the river.
The nearest seaport is Portsmouth which lies about 100 miles east of it.

On our way to this place we lodged one night where Dr. Wheelock has his
Indian Academy or College, when we went and called for him. and as it was night
he invited us into prayers in his college, where he prayed very earnestly for all the
people who had contributed to the building and maintaining of the college. He
told us that he now has upwards of 80 students in his college of whom about
30 were on charity, and 17 of these were Indians

On our way from Doctor Clark's to Charlestown we had a very bad road
being over some very steep mountains, and one morning we set out from a house
at 6 o'clock and did not see another till 12, our road being through the woods
where we had no way but by marks on the trees as the road was not cut out.
From Charlestown to New York the road is pretty good as it is mostly through
an old inhabited country. The hay harvest is all finished along the road and
now they are busy with their wheat and rye harvest. They have a curious way
of managing their stacks, so that as soon as they are up they are thatched and
it is this : They have 4 long trees which they set up at the 4 corners of the place
where they are to build the stack and they make a frame on which they erect a
roof.

The crops in this country are not so good as I expected to find them as their
vi'heat does not commonly produce above 6 or 7 bolls an acre, and their rye about
the same. Their barley looks to be very good, but their oats are rather indiffer-
ent. Their Indian corn will produce 12 or 14 bolls an acre, and they have several
ways of cooking it so it makes excellent food. They have plenty of white peas
and a kind of bean, but none of our Scotch peas or beans. If the country were
properly cultivated they might perhaps have larger crops for they do nothing
but just plow and sow, and in some places they summer fallow their wheat land,
which turns out greatly to their advantage.

There are several Avays of clearing land in this country such as girdling, cut-
ting and grubbing. Girdling is only cutting a notch about an inch deep, and two
inches wide round the root of the tree which makes it die. Their method of cut-
ting is to stand upright and cut the tree about two or three feet from the ground,
as for grubbing, it is very little practiced tho it is surely the best way.

When they want only pasture, they only cut the small brush aud girdle the
trees, and for tillage they cut all except the very large ones which they girdle,
and then they set fire to them and burn them, and with the leaves lying on the
ground burn the whole surface, then without doing anything else they harrow
through the roots with a three-cornered brake, then sow their grain which will
grow tolerable good. This they continue for three or four years, after which
they use the plow.

The weather they tell us has been warmer than ordinary for three weeks past,
and though it is warmer than at home it is in no way intolerable, and the people
in this country seem very healthy.

I never expected to have stood my journey so w^ell for though we have rode,
since we bought our horses about five hundred miles, I have never been the least
w^eary.

MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS, . 259

Pray Remember me to my Mother, and to all my brothers and sisters, and
all other friends and acquaintances.

I have no more, but remain yours, etc.

James Whitelaw.
New York, July 13, 1773.

After nearly all the previous part of this volume had been printed,
some papers of James Henderson, the pioneer, were found among his
descendants in another state, and were sent to us. They came too late
to be used in the narrative but some of them are so interesting and valu-
able that we decided to reproduce them in full.

CONTRACT WITH JAMES HENDERSON.

This Contract of the date underwritten
made and entered into between the
partys following viz. — :
William Houston, Farmer in Craigend, Praeses ; John Erskine, Farmer in Beiley ;
William Neilson, Farmer in Glenshinnock ; Andrew Arthur, Son to John Arthur,
Farmer in Boghall ; Alexander Barnhill, Brewer in Port Glasgow ; Matthew
White, Farmer in Garneland ; William Blackwood, Farmer in Bottom; John Pat-
erson and Robert Brock, Farmers in Barns of Clyde ; William Semple, Farmer in
Brickhouse ; John Cross, Milner at Braehead, and John Allen, Weaver in Paisley;
Managers of the Scotch-American Company of Farmers on the one part, and
Tames Henderson, Wright.

On the other part in manner following Witnessetb, That the said James Hen-
derson hath become bound As he hereby binds and oblidges himself to proceede
on a voyage as Soon as the said managers shall require him So to do alongst
with the said Companys Commissioners. And that to any of His Majestys Col-
onys or Dominions That the said Managers or Commissioners shall direct, or
wherein they shall purchase lands for the said Companys behoof, in manner men-
tioned in the Contract of Copartnery entered into by the several partners of the
said Company and the said James Henderson shall there remain for the Space of
Fourteen days after his arrival at the said Company's Charges And thereafter at
his own proper expense and Charges until Such time as the Said Companys Com-
missioners shall have purchased said Lands and require him to begin to \vork for
them And that he shall there serve the said Company or their Commissioners or
Managers in America for the time being in such Service and Employment as the
said Company's Managers or Commissioners in America Shall Employ him in.
And that for the Space of One year Compleat from & after he the said James
Henderson Shall be required and begin to work to the said Company. And
further the said James Henderson doth hereby bind and oblidge himself to carry
with him the whole Tools that he presently hath And to use them at the said
Company's work during the sJ Space. .And the said James Henderson doth
hereby declare & Covenant that he at the time of Subscribing hereof is of age

of years and mo.

James He.ndersox,

William Housto.x,
William Neilson,
Andrew Arthur,
Alex. Barnhill,
Matthew White,
William Blackwood,
John Paterson,
Robert Brock,
William Semple,
John Cross,
JoH.N Allan.

■260

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

This curious paper is inserted as giving the prices of labor and mate-
rials in 1797, as well as light upon the customs of the time.

An account of work done at Ryegate Meeting House and other Charges for
Materials &c, &c.

Dollars. Cents.
43 33

53 33

For the Frame Hewing 65 days at 4/6 per d.

To framing of Meeting House 80 days at 4/6 per d

No Charge for Hauling this part.

i^lit work 1147 feet Being 4 inches Square,

Being 1429 feet of Boards.

250 feet of joists at 6 in. Depth and 3 thick 384

feet of Boards,
148 feet of 3 inch plank to go Round the Ell,
The whole added is 2061 feet at 51/2 Dollars at

the Spot each Thousand,
v^ost of Liquor at Raising,
For Liquor at Vandoeing the Meeting House,

Besides Bread and Cheese and other things. By other

people I know not how much.
This for the Frame when Raised.
For the Covering and other work to finish as it now is.

12 Thousand feet of Bcfards @ 5y2 Dollars per M.
14 Thousand Shingles (qi 10 shil. per M,

3 Thousand Clap Boards (w 6 Dollars per M,
50 Thousand Nails & 17 M Shingle Nails at 3/6,

13 M Clap Board Nails (« 7/ per M,

16 M Board Nails one half Cut the other half worked
at 11/ShilHngs.

4 M 20 penny Nails (a 16/ Shillings per M,
2 Boxes glass at 16 Dollars per Box,

For work Mr. Clough 56 Days at 5/ per Day,

James Heath 33 Days at 4/ Shillings per Day,

James Henderson 33 Days at 5/ Shillings per Day,

Daniel Munroe 6 Days at 5/ Shillings per Day,

-32 Days of Other hands at 3 Shillings per Day,

For Board of these men 16 weeks and one half at 8

Shillings per week.
For putty and setting glass that now is done,

The sashes that is to make 15 windows at 24 squares

Each and 4 pence per Square the Making is
2 Boxes glass 32 Dollars Putty Setting and Fitting in,

7 Dollars for Laying under floor,

The tax Bill that I had to collect for it amounts only

to 343.3 cents, the fees for Collecting oiit of it and

a good many that cannot be got. 170

The following paper indicates that people a century ago had ideas
regarding forestry.

11

14

1

123

66
23
18
9
15

29
10
32
46
22
27
5
16

22
4

347

33
25
50

74

00
33
00
91
17

33
66
00

66
00
50
00
00

00
00

55

20

00

40

00

60

dO

531

30

7

538

30

368

s^iw imt

MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS. 261

Ryegate, Dec. 6th, 1803.

At a meeting of the Members of the Scotch American Company of Farmers
holden this day at the dwelling house of Mr. Andrew Brock in this town.

1st Voted, That all the persons who own company's land shall have leave in
an equal proportion to cut pine timber on lots No. 130, 131 & 132 Lying south
of Mr. Henderson's land and West of Mr. Whitelaw's land.

2d Voted, That all newcomers who have not formerly cut timber on sJ lots
shall have leave to cut and draw to the Mill sufficient timber to make three thou-
sand feet of boards, each, besides paying the mill's share.

3rd Voted, That all who have formerly cut. and all others after having 3000
feet shall pay a square edged board out of their half of each log, provided never-
theless that no person shall cut timber on si lots to make any more boards than
they want for their own use, except Mr. Andrew Brock who is to have every
privilege that his father was understood to have when that land was deeded to
him.

4th Voted, That unless the timber that is now cut down be cut into logs
within one week from this date, any one in the company may cut what are left at
that time and put their mark on them and draw them and have them sawed for
their own use, the same as if they had first cut down the trees, and in future every
person who cuts a tree shall immediately cut it into logs and mark it else forfeit
his right to it, extraordinarys excepted.

5th Voted, That after any given log has lain a month from the time it is cut,
any person in the Company may take the log and mark it with his own Mark and
immediately draw it to the Mill, after which the person who cut it shall have na
claim to it and those who have timber which was cut before this winter shall
draw it to the Mill within two months else it shall be forfeited as above.

Attest : James Whitelaw, Clerk to the Meeting.

BOND GIVEN BY ROBERT BROCK.

Know all men by these presents that I, Robert Brock, of the town of Ryegate,
County of Orange, and State of Vermont, for Myself my Heirs, Execu-

tors and Assigns and Administrators am firmly Bound and Obligated unto lames
Henderson, John Gray and William Neilson, Agents of the Scots American Co.,
and their successors forever in penal sum of One Hundred and Thirty Pounds
Sterling Money to be well and truly paid to the said Managers, Agents and
Successors, viz.:

The Condition of the above Obligation is such that if I, the said Robert
Brock, above Bounden, my Heirs and Successors, keep the Mills now in my pos-
session on the Great Falls on Wells River, in sufficient repair so as to do Business
for Two days in the week, or oftener if necessity requires until such time only as
the Town or Company erect a Mill or Mills in Newbury or Ryegate bounds, or
refuse to haul Millstones, then this obligation to be null and void. Otherwise to
remain in full force.

Given at Ryegate this 29th day of Sept. 1786.

Robert Brock.

William Johnson, \ Witnesses
James Whitelaw, /^vitnesses.

CERTIFICATE OF MEMBERSHIP IN THE COMPANY.

William Wallace, Shoemaker in the Parish of Eastwood having offered him-
self as a Member of the Scots American Company of Farmers and having paid
the sum of Five Pounds Sterling Money to the Managers of the said Company,
and further has become bound to Obtemper and fulfil the whole Article — Clauses
and Conditions contained in the bond of their association, an exact copy whereof
is hereto prefixed and therefore for the better security of the said William Wallace
and to entitle him to his proportioned share of Lands and other profits arising
from the management of the said Company in so far as he may be concerned —
He is therefore Entered as a Member and partner upon the said Company's
record and the said Entrance signed by William Houston, Preces.

262 HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VERMONT.

Houston, 19 Aug. 1774.
That the above is a just and true copy of the said William Wallace's En-
trance, and that by virtue thereof he was allowed by the Managers to draw for
his Lotts Effering to the above Inputt, when he drew the Number one Hundred

and one Hundred and one

All which is extracted from the said company's record and is attested by

William Stewart, Co. Cl'k.

The following letter shows the difficulty which the managers on both
sides of the ocean found in adjusting their accounts.

Renfrew, 1st March, 1797.

Gentlemen: Your letter to. the managers of date 13 May, 1796 came safe to
hand in answer to ours of the 6th Feb'y, 1796 by which we are happy to learn
of your welfare and prosperity and approve of your conduct in the management
of what concerns us m Ryegate.

Upon the 10th day of Feb'y last there was a meeting of the managers here
^vl^en your letter was read before them, by w^hich you inform us of the state
of lots in Ryegate as it at present stands as to number. Also you inform us
there has been sold by you and Rob't Brock about sixty-three lots at twenty-
eight Dollars per lot. Now after all the inquiries ^ve have been able to make
we cannot be certain of the number of vacant or forfeited lots because the Mem-
bers are so scattered. Deaths &c., have happened, and also that several of our
number set out in war time after having paid every charge then due, yet were
carried into Boston or other places in the time of the war, when the British were
in possession of the places where they were landed, a number of whom never got
to Ryegate to possess the lands they had paid for, in so far as we know, for
which reasons we are of opinion that no more lots should be sold for some time
at least, in case any of the heirs of some of these people who had been so unfor-
tunate should yet claim, and we should not wish that any having right should
be disappointed.

You wish us to appoint the way of conveyance for you to remit to us the
monev or price of these lots you have sold for the Co. when due, according to the
terms" on which you have strict bargains with your buyers.

But considering the distance and other impediments that would lie in our
way, the Managers at the above meeting were unanimous in opinion that you
yourselves had far better opportunities than we. Such as you must be ac-
quainted with several good merchants about N. York or elsewhere who have
business in this country and from whom you could easily purchase bills upon
some good house in Glasgow, Greenock or other place in Scotland, where we
could draw the cash, which is the easiest and safest way of remittance for us
both. Our meeting on the 10th Feb. last authorized us hereto subscribing to
■write you these their resolutions, and we remain.

Gentlemen, sincerely your most humble servants.

David Allan,
William Houston.

The following is added as a postscript to the foregoing letter.

Renfrew, 1 March, 1797.
Gentlemen : As I wrote Messrs. James Nelson and William Craig of date
29th Feb. 1796, desiring them to svich measures unto my six lots of land in R3^e-
gate (for which all charges are paid) as should secure my property there, but I
am now informed by the Co's letter of 3d of May last that nothing short of
settling the lands can secure the property. But I have since seen a letter from
Mr. Andrew Brock to his brother William saying that if any of the Co. wished
to redeem their property that on writing him for that purpose he would do it for
them.

MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS. 263

By this I hereby empower Mr. Brock to secure mine, viz.: My six lots in Rve-
gate. and in the meantime as Mr. James N'elson is said to wish to purchase them,
let him inform me by first opportunity what price he will give for my six lots and
how he will remit the money to me.

I remain yours, &c.,

Wm. Housto.n.

The above are addressed,

Mr. James Henderson in Ryeg.\te,

County of Orange, State of Vermont,
N. America.
Care of Mr. Peter Hatridge, mercht,
Pearle Street, New York.

The following extract from the books of the Managers show how
much was received by them :

To Company, Br.

Sold by Managers 121 Lots of Land before Jan. 1815 at, $4-545.71

COXTRA.

(This is of interest as showing how the mone\' was remitted to Scot-
land. When a man in Scotland was coming to R^'egate with mone\' or
wished to send it for investment, he deposited it with tlie managers in
Scotland, receiving from them bills of exchange drawn upon the mana-
gers in R^-egate. By this means the risk of transporting money across
the ocean was avoided.)

Oct. 21, 1801. Paid by a Draught from Andiew Buchanan of
£45.3 Sterling of Company Money, the Receipt of it con-
firmed by a letter of Date Feb. 16, 1 802, Signed by John
Paterson, Preces, and others of the Co., $ 200.66

May 21, 1803. Paid to Andrew .Miller a bill of Exchange

drawn on his father in behalf of the Com., 444.44

Mills sold to Old -Vlr. Brock, three Lots, 555.56

May 5, 1806. Paid to Andrew Brock in Behalf of John Pater-
son and others in the Comp'y, 173.61

April 15, 1807. Paid to the said .Andrew Brock as above, 1 6.50

May, 1809. Paid Mr. Marsh to answer a Draught the Com-
pany sent to New York to Mr. Hethune for £100 Ster-
ling, and £3 Sterling it cost Mr. Marsh to purchase
New York Bill, 457.78

Oct. 26, 1809. Paid Robert Fulton for a Draught he gave on

his father in Scotland to the Comp'y as per Receipt, 19.08

Aug. 7, 1810. Paid to Mr. Bachop for a Draught for his friend

in Scotland as per receipt, 45.94-

June 10. 1814. Paid William Allan in part of a Debt due to
him from the Compan3' in Behalf of one John Allan a
partner in the Company' in Scotland, 93.00

From Oct 4, 1808 to March 1811 from Bills by Mr.
Todd in Glasgow to John Paterson there in Behalf of
James Henderson, Jun. here and interest, 528.36

May 4, 1812. Paid James McXab for a Bill of Exchange that
John Paterson Received in Scotland in Behalf of the
Com'y, 337.69

264 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Nov. 23, 1812. Paid James Wallace for a Draught on his
Brother in Scotland that the Com'y received as per Re-
ceipt, 55.26
1812 a tax of 4 cents on each acre of land granted by
the Legislature for Koads and Bridges the Com'y sum
for si tax paid by J. Henderson, 20.04
From the year 1810 to the year 1812 for Com'y letters
going and coming and some deeds recording, 1 .60
From the year 1812 to 1815 for Letters, Records and
other Company business, 3.70
From the 3'ear 1813 to the year 1818 for Letters, Rec-
ords and other Company Business paid by James Hen-
derson, 4 70

Paid for them [in Scotland] and to them before this date Jan.
1815, $3424.00.

May 29, 1812. Paid by Mr. Todd of Glasgow to John Neilson
there in Behalf of James Henderson, Jun.,here and paid
to sJ Henderson here and of Co's. Monev, 137.56

May 27, 1816. (From and to same), ' 133.34

Nov. 5, 1817. (From and to same), 133.34

Nov. 24, 1817. Paid by William Holmes of Kilmalcolm par-
ish to John Neilson in Behalf of the Com'y here.
And this money paid to John and Alexander Holmes out
of Co's. Money, as per Receipt, 132.40

Jan. 30, 1819. Paid by Mr. Todd of Glasgow in Behalf of
James Henderson, Jun., here, and the same sum paid
here, 133.34

Jan. 15, 1820. Paid Matthew White by your instruction in

Behalf of his grandfather David Smith in Scotland, 41.00

$4124.98

FORM OF BILL OF EXCHANGE.

Ryegate Mills, 21 May, 1803.
Ninety Days after Sight of this my first of exchange My second and third of
the same tenor and date not being paid. Pay to the Order of James Henderson,
William Neilson and Hugh Gardner One Hundred Pound Sterling money and
place the same to my account.

Your loving son,

Andrew Miller.

To Mr. James Miller.

Farmer in Chapel,
Pay the within Contents to John Paterson, Preses in Glenshinock, parish of
Erskine.

James Henderson,
William Neilson,
Hugh Gardner.

Letter from the Managers in Scotland.

This relates to the sums mentioned in the previous account.

Renfrew, June 2d, 1809.

Gentlemen :

We wrote you of Date the lOth Oct^, 1808 having a few days previous received
yours of Date the 1st of July. In ours of that Date we informed you that we had
written you the 23d of May last, at which time we Drew on you for £100 Sterling
at 60 Days after sight payable to Davie Berthune, Esq., New York ; we also in-

MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS. 265

formed you that before Draughting the Bill we called on Mr. David Todd that in
case he paid any Money we might deduct it from the £100 but he informed us
at that time he would pay no money unless he were regularly drawn upon.

Notwithstanding, on Delivering the letter inclosed in the wrapper along with
yours of the 1st of July on seeing its contents, he seemed so well Pleased with the
Family his Daughter had married into that he paid us £30 Ster. which we thought
advisable to take, altho we had drawn upon you for the £100, Mr. Todd letting
us understand that his Daughter was in no want of money, and would take it
from you when you could get it cashed. We wrote you also that we called on
James Millar about the security from Mr. Whitehill. He said he never received
the scrape of a pen from him, therefore he could have had no security from him.
He also says that if his son and you could send him a regular Bond subscribed by
James Whitehill whereon he becomes bound to Pay James Millar, Andrew Millars'
father £200 Ster. which he understands to be the £100 he paid and the other
which is due. * * When we met at Renfrew John Fulton appeared and paid us
4 Guineas which we gave him a receipt for, which sum you are to pay to his son
Robert Fulton on receiving this. * *

We think that the common lands and forfeit lots should pay all the Debts of
the Co., and have a full sum for all the just claimers of lots, as there is a number
of Members who paid their Inputs, but are forfeit for not paying their Assess-
ments. The Debt now amounts to £160, 18, 5, which was advanced by the Man-
agers in the vear 1786, the interest of which sum at the time we received the
Draught of £60 from Mr. McCallum was £120, 12/ which with £43, 3/ after-
wards received made only £105, 8/ Ster. which we have Received, besides the £30
from Mr. Todd, the £4, 4/ from Mr. Fulton. We trust soon to receive the balance.
Yours with all Due Esteem,

John Paterson, Presess.

To Messrs. James Henderson. James Smith,

Hugh Gardner, Matthew Shaw,

William Neilson, John Neilson.

Ryegate, March 29, 1821.

This day William Neilson and James Henderson, Managers of the Scots Amer-
ican Company met on purpose to examine the Book where the Records of their
Business are kept both in Debt and Credit.

And find by Book that the Managers here, William Nelson and James Hender-
son are indebted to the Managers in Scotland $4555 Dollars and 47 Cents.

Likeways they find the managers in Scotland by Book at the same Date
above indebted to the managers here, William Nelson and James Henderson the
sum of $5326 Dollars and 33 Cents.

Weight of Mill Irons.

The following paper in the hand v^riting of James Whitelaw gives the
names and weight of the irons used in the saw mill and grist mill at
Boltonville in 1775. We give it to show the names of the different parts
of the iron work used in the construction of the old time up-and-down
saw mills. There are few living who can tell how they were put together.

Lbs.

Spindle, 125
Horns, 48

Grist miln gudgeons, 97

4 large hoops for the grist miln axletree, 63

Box in which the foot of the spindle runs, 16

4 picks, l^Vi

266

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

2 crow bars,

3 short bolts for raising the millstones,
Crank,

6 round and one square hoop,
Irons for fixing the ends of the saw,

1 gudgeon for the saw miln water wheel,
Rag wheel iron, 2 staples, 6 spikes and pawl,

2 gudgeons for the rag wheel,

4 doggs.

Crow for pushing round the rag wheel,

50

12

133

80
64
34

721/2

11

24

952V2

Revolutionary Soldiers who Lived in Ryegate,*

The following came before the war. (Those marked with a star are
buried here.)

Major James Witherspoon
Bartholemew Somers
John Orr
Patrick Lang
John Wilson

These lived here after the war :

Er Chamberlin*
Jesse Heath
Abiel Learned
Elihu Johnson*
Ezra Gates
Thomas Mellen
William Tice
Jacob Page*
Joshua Hunt*

David Reid*
John Hyndman*
Hugh Gammell
John Waddell

Allan Stewart*
Sylvanus Learned*
Moses Moore
Samuel Johnson
Aljraliam Alexander
John Slye*
Josiah Page*
Daniel Hunt*

To the war of 1812 there went from Rjegate:

Wells Goodwin

William Thomas

Stephen Meader, and probably others.

To the Mexican war:

John Merrill Goodwin
Adam Craig

John 0. Page
John Thomas

Moses Roben

* In answer to inquiries : Nahum Powers who was taken prisoner at Greens-
boro during the Revolutionary War, was a brother of Rev. Peter Powers of
Newbury; (b. April 11, 1741); was at Lexington and Bunker Hill; Grantee of
Plymouth, N. H., where he lived; removed to Newbury and served 8 months in
Capt. Lovewell's Co; taken prisoner Aug. 10, 1781, and carried to Canada; ex-
changed May 17, 1782 ; removed to New York State where he died. — [His. of
Plymouth, N. H.

MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS.

267

RyEGATE in THE ClYIL WaR.

In the following list are given the names of natives of the town who
served in the Civil War, with the company and regiment in which each
was enrolled. There must be others, not known to us. With these are
given the names of a few who were not born here, but who either enlisted
from Ryegate or were long resident here. A star indicates death in ser-
vice. This list has been prepared under the supervision of Messrs. A, M.
Whitelaw and Robert G. Brock.

NAME

COMPANY

REGIMENT

Abbott, Amos W.,

F

15th Vt.

Abbott, Peter M.,

K

3d Vt.

Barden, John T.,

F

15th Vt.

Batchelder, Nathaniel,

A

11th Vt.

Batchelder, James N..*

F

15th Vt.

Seattle, Alexander M.,

I

3d Vt.

Bigelow, Alexander T.,

F

15th Vt.

Brock. Robert G.,

F

15th Vt.

Brown, Thomas H.,*

F

IstU. S. S. S.

Cameron, John S.,

R. I. Cav.

Carbee, John F.,

K

15th Vt.

Carbee, Henry C.,

2d Bat.

Cassady, William,

F

15th Vt.

Chaniberlin, James A.,

4.th \'t.

Craig, Albert E.,

G

6th Vt.

Craig, Daniel R.,*

G

6th Vt.

Craig William Parker,*

G

6th Vt.

Currier, Henry M.,

H

4th Vt.

Daniels, Oscar B.,

D

8th Vt.

Dickson, George,

Western Reg.

Dickson James,

Western Reg.

Dickey, Albert,

A

11th Vt.

Donaldson, David M.,

37th Mass.

Folger, Wihiam S.,

10th Vt.

Gates, Calvin K.,

G

9th Vt.

Gates, Nehemiah,*

F

15th Vt.

Gibson, William J.,

Chaplain

45th Penn.

Gibson, John,

Chaplain

Iowa Reg.

Gibson, Charles,*

Iowa Reg.

Gibson, Robert M.*

Iowa Reg.

Gibson, Henry T.,*

Iowa Reg.

Gibson, Edwin Z.,*

F

15th Vt.

Gilkerson, Thomas G.,*

F

15th Vt.

Guthrie, Archibald,*

E

6th Vt.

Guthrie, James H.,

1st U.S. S. S.

Guthrie, Thomas H.,*

H

4th Vt.

Hay ward, George W.

G

9th Vt.

Henderson, John,*

K

3d Vt.

Henderson, William,*

D

3d Vt.

Henderson, William J.,

G

9th Vt.

Holmes, Edwin C,

B

6th N. H.

Holmes, John K.,*

Iowa Reg.

Hunter, James R.,

2d Col. Cav.

Hunter, Moses R.,

F

15th Vt.

Kennedy, Ronald A.,

I

3d Vt.

Knight, Samuel P.,

Cal. Cav.

268

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

NAME

Langmaid, Solomon Sias.
Langmaid, Albert H.
Lamphere, Charles E.,
Laughlin, Andrew S.
-Lumsden, Calvin E.,
Lumsden, Erastus C.,*
Learned, Benj. F.,
Learned, Selden F.,
Learned. Win. A.
Lamb Charles S.,*
McCole, Archibald,*
McCole, Henry,
McCole, Robert,*
iMcLure, James T. H..
McLam, James,
McLam, Robert,
McLani, Robert G.,*
Meader, Charles H..
Meader, John H.*
Miller, Andrew J.
Miller, Henry C ,*
Miller, ThoinasJ ,
Miller, Archibald J.,
Miller, I avid
Morse, Henry E.,*
McQueen, Alexander,
Nelson, Thomas,
Nelson, Thomas Jr.,
Nelson. Wm. H.,*
Orr, Chester,
Page, Charles A.,
Page, Francis A.,
Page, Horace H.,
Page, John C,
Page, John W ,
Page, Josiah VV.,*
Page, Oscar,
Peters, Henry N.,
Pollard, Milo C,
Powers, Harvey S.,
Pringle, Alexander B.,
Roben Moses,
Somers, Claudius B.,
Sargent, Phineas L.,
Scott, Samuel W.*
Scott, David,*
Slye, Wm. [.,
Symes, Albert C.,*
Synies, James R.,
Symes, John H.,
Symes, John H ,
Symes, Wm. H.,
Thomas, Frank,
Thomas, Lewis,
Thomas, Palmer,
Vance, David,
Vance. David Elmore
Wallace, Charles M.,
Whitcher, John,
Whitehill, Calvin C.,*

COMPANY
E

D
F

G
G
G
D
H
H
A
G
D

G
K
I
L
H

H

K
E
C

C
H
A

A
D
D
D

I
I

Chaplain
H

F
G
G
G
E

REGIMENT
3d Vt.
3d Vt.
1 5th Vt.
15th Vt.
4th Vt.
4th Vt.
9th Vt.
9ih Vt.
9th Vt.
8th Vt.
4th Vt.
4th Vt.
1 1 th Vt.
9th Vt.
15th Vt.
6th Vt.
IJ. S. N.
8th Vt.
1st U. S. S. S.
1 5th Vt.
3d Vt.
3d Vt.
15th Vt.

9th Vt.
15th Vt.
3d Vt.
Uth Vt.
4th Vt.
1st Cav.
2d U. S. S. S.
4th Vt.
1st U. S. S. S.
IstU. S. S. S.
3d Vt
6th Vt.
8th Vt.
4th 111.
15 N. H.
9th Vt.
11th Vt.
111. Cav.
11th Vt.
1st Vt. Cav.
8th Vt.
8th Vt.
4th Vt.
3d Vt.
3d Vt.
3d Maryland
45th Mass.
45th Mass.
3d Vt.
7th Vt.
20th Wis.
15th Vt.
9th Vt.
17th Vt.
9th Vt.
7th Vt.

MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS.

269

Whitehill, Matthew,
Whitehill, Moses,*
Whitehill, Peden C.,*
Whitehill. Wm. H. H
Whitehill, George W.,
Whitehill, Walter,
Whitelaw. Albert M.,
Whitelavv, Oscar H.,
Whitelaw, William
Wright, David,
Wright, David, Jr.,
Wright, Henry C.,*
Wright, James S.,
Welch, Ira L.

G
E
A
B

K

K

REGIMENT
15th Vt.
10th Vt.

7th Vt.

10th Vt.

6th Vt.

7th Vt.

15th Vt.

15th Vt.

19th Conn.

6th Vt.

35th .VI ass.

6th Vt.

1st Vt. Cav.

7th Vt.

A8TOR, LKNOX A'
TILDEN FOUNOATIC

PART II

Family Records

Biographical Sketches

Biographical Sketches and
Family Records.

THE town of Ryegate owes to Mr. George Mason the inception of
the work of which this volume is the final outcome. Himself a
native of Scotland, and connected there with many of the older
families of Ryegate and Barnct, his tastes found their employment in
collecting from the oldest people fifty years and more ago, the incidents
of their lives, and the records of their families. He thus gathered a great
amount of information about the earlj^ years and first settlers of both
towns. From these he prepared a few family sketches, which he contrib-
uted to different newspapers of his time. He contemplated a volume of
sketches of the early residents of these towns. But Mr. Mason's means
were very limited and his leisure also; he died without having even begun
the compilation of his work, and some of the data, written upon loose
and unattached slips of paper, was scattered and lost.

Fortunately, however, most of them came into the hands of Mr.
Edward Miller, who was well fitted in every way to take up the work
which Mr. Mason had begun, to enlarge its scope in many directions,
and to consider his subject from a more philosophic point of view. With
the end always in mind of preparing a historj^ of the town, he spent all
the time he could spare from his business and his farm in collecting every
bit of local information which he could gather, and committing the re-
sults to paper. Mr. Miller loved his native town— its noble hills, its
deep winding valleys, its fertile upland farms, the solitary ponds which
reflect the sk}' and the hills, and the vast prospect which rewards one
who has ascended Blue Mountain in a clear day.

But more than these he loved the people whom he knew so well; he
knew their family traits and inherited peculiarities. In his mind there
were alwa^'s present several generations of the same family and he was
fond of those curious inquiries concerning the modifications which suc-
essive generations of the same families receive through marriage with
others of different traits. In the course of years he probably acquired a
more accurate knowledge of its people and its families than was possessed
by any man in any other town in Vermont.

274' HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

He knew the history of all the farms and their successive owners;
who had built the houses, and whose hands had altered or enlarged
them; he knew, too, the sites of former dwellings, some of which are
completely obliterated, the cellars and motmds which mark where people
once lived, where children pla3'ed, where old people died. He made, also,
careful abstracts of town and session records, and collected a vast
amount of data for his work.

Unfortunately for us all, Mr. Miller was so much absorbed in collect-
ing the materials for his history of Ryegate, that he deferred the compila-
tion of his work until he found his failing strength was no longer equal to
the task. He had contributed much local history to the newspapers of
the county, but these can only be considered as studies for the crowning
work of his life, which at his death was yet to be begun.

Unfortunately, also, he put into writing very few of the incidents
with which his mind was stored, but, carefully recording names and dates,
depended upon his ready memory to furnish, as he went along, the cir-
cumstances which should embellish and add interest to his narrative.

To complete Mr. Miller's work in the form presented here, has been
no light task. Some of his records were written thirty years ago, and
none later than 1898. To bring these records down to present time, to
add a new generation and new families has required the cooperation of
many persons in nearly every state in the Union, and in the Canadian
provinces, wherever Ryegate people have wandered. Records have been
hunted up, and the memories of aged people taxed to make the result as
complete as possible. That errors of statement and of omission will be
found is inevitable. But these pages will preserve the names and the
memories of many worthy men and women who might otherwise be for-
gotten, and make clear the intricate relationships which inter-marriages
among old families always produce in long settled communities.

Mr. Miller's records contain also those of many Barnet families
which have been drawn upon only to show their connection with those
of Ryegate. As far as possible proofs of all records have been sent to
those who furnished them.

F. P. W.

Abbreviations — ab., about; b., born; m., married; d., died; res., residence;
rem., removed ; q. v., whom see; ch., child or children ; U. P., or the Un. Pres. Ch.,
United Presbyterian Church; Ref. Pres. Ch., Reformed Presbyterian Church;
Asso. Pres. Ch., Associate Presbyterian Church; 1st Pres. Ch., General Assembly
Church at South Ryegate.

As the ecclesiastical body known as the United Presbyterian Church, which

GENEALOGY — ABBOTT. 275

embraces the churches at Ryegate Corner and at South Ryegate which were
formerly known as the Associate Presbyterian, and the Reformed Presbyterian
(New School) respectively, was not formed till 1858, a little explanation is neces-
sary. It would be obviously incorrect to say that members of the church which
was called the Associate Church for eighty years, whose membership terminated
before 1858, were members of the United Presbyterian church, which was un-
known to them, therefore, in these records, this church, before 1858, will be
spoken of as the Associate Church. And as nearly all the members of the United
Presbyterian Church at South Ryegate became members of it before its change of
name, it will be mentioned here by its former title, it being understood that its
membership remained the same under the new title.

In the records of the larger families where the descendants of acommon ances-
tor number several families in each generation, a system by means of a combina-
tion of Roman and Arabic numerals gives each member his proper place in the
family and connects him with the common ancestor.

ABBOTT.

George Abbott from Andover, Eng., 1640, in 1643 became one of the first
settlers of Andover, Mass., where he d. Dec. 24, 1681, O. S. He m. Hannah
Chandler; 13 ch.

From two of their sons — William, (b. Nov. 18, 1657,) and Benjamin, (b. Dec.
20, 1661), nearly all the Abbott kindred in this vicinity are descended. The
earlier records which follow are from the Abbott Register, pub. 1847.
First, the descendants of William :
II. WiLLiAM.2 b. Andover, Nov, 18, 1657 ; d. there, Oct. 21, 1713 ; m. Elizabeth
Gray.

III. James,3 b. Feb. 12, 1675. Rem. to Concord, N. H., 1737; d. Dec. 27, 1787.

He m. Abigail Farnum ; 15 ch.

IV. James,* b. Andover, Mass., Jan. 12, 1717; m. Sarah Bancroft of Reading.

In Nov., 1763, they rem. from Concord, N. H., to Newbury, Vt., one
of the earliest families in that town. Rem. to Haverhill, but ret. in
1783, and settled at So. N., where Irving W. Abbott now lives. He d.
1803. Of their 10 ch. Bancroft lived at So. Newbury ; Judith m. Dea.
Thomas Brock, and from them came the Brock families of West and
So. Newbury, and William, from whom many Ryegate people
are descended.
The genealogy following is reckoned from James*.

William^ (James*). (James^), (Wm.2), (George^), b. Concord, N. H.. April
24. 1755. Came to Newbury with his parents in 1763. Served in the
revolutionary war; m. 1777, Mabel Whittlesey of Newbury, (b. E.
Guilford, Ct.); rem. to Haverhill, but settled at Bath, where he d.
June 14, 1807.
Children :
i. Moses.e b. June 16, 1778 ; m. 1st Lucy Willis. Lived in Bath, N. H.
ii. Lois, 6 b. Dec. 11, 1779; m. Silas Buck of Bath.
1 iii. Jacobs b. Dec. 15, 1781; lived in Groton ; m. Nancy, dau. of Capt.
Ephraim Wesson,
iv. Elizabeth, 6 b. June 18, 1783; d. Sept. 30, 1840; m. Stephen Sly of

Rvegate, q. v.
V. Mehi"tabel,6 b. Jan. 9, 1785 ; m. Horatio Buck of Bath,
vi. Sarah, 6 b. Oct. 25, 1786; m. Benjamin Fuller of Barnet.
y vii. WiUiam, 6 b. Aug. 19, 1788; m. Patience Burbank of Peacham.

276 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

2 viii. Amos,6 b. Sept. 3, 1790.

ix. Ann, 6 b. July aO, 1792 ; m. Samuel Knight, q. v.
X. Abigail,^ b. Aug. 20, 1794 ; m. 1st, Nathan Culver of Bath.
xi. Mary,6 b. Nov. 23, 1802 ; m. Rev. William Hutchinson.

1 Jacob, 6 (William^), James,^ b. Dec. 15 1781. Lived in the N. E. part of

Groton; was a prominent man and Justice of the Peace. He m. Nov.
10, 1808, Nancy, dau. Capt. Ephraini Wesson. Bur. in Groton-
Peacham cemetery.
Children ( from Groton tov^-n record) .
i. Priscilla,7 b. Aug. 29, 1809, Haverhill, N. H. ; m. June 6, 1842, Capt.

Leonard Martin, Barford, P. 0.
ii. Patty Eliza, 7 b. Aug. 29, 1811 ; m. Oct. 24, 1843, Dea. Manda T.
Cushion, Barnston, P. Q.

3 iii. Jacob Jackson,''' b. July 17, 1813.

iv. Emily, 7 b. Nov. 23, 1815; m. Oct. 24, 1838, William Brooks, Esq.,

Sherbrooke, P. Q.
v. George Bancroft,^ b. Oct. 21, 1817.
vi. Sally Ann, 7 b. Nov. 9, 1819, (Oct. Ab. Reg.) ; m. Charles Brooks, Len-

oxville, P. Q.

2 Amos,6 (Wimani,5 James,*) J., b. Haverhill, N. H., Sept. 3, 1790; m. Feb. 17,

1814. by Rev. L. Worcester, Bets}', dau. Nathaniel Knight of Ryegate.
Lived in Haverhill and Bath 2 yrs. ; came to R., 1818, and bought
land of Nathaniel Knight, where they lived 20 yrs ; then of Moses
Hadle^', where they lived till death. He d. at East Cabot, Dec. 19,
1875; she d. at Barnet Apr. 26, 1874. Bur. Walter Harvey Cem.
Members of Barnet Centre Ch.
Children :
i. Dau. b. and d. March 25, 1815.

ii. Nathaniel K.,7 b. Nov. 12, 1816; d. Feb. 14. 1818.
iii. Marv Jane, 7 b. July 26, 1818 ; d. June 24, 1833.
iv. William G.J b. Sept. 27, 1820; m. Luella F. Austin of Landaff, N. H.,

two daus. All familv dead.
V. Lucy K.,* b. Nov. 24, 1822 ; d. Aug. 26, 1823.
vi. Nathaniel K.,' b. March 11, 1825; m. Sarah C. Johnson of Peacham ;

7 ch., 5 lived in W^ashington Co,
vii. Lucv K.,7 b. July 11, 1827.
viii. JuUa A.,7 b. July 11, 1829 ; d. Julv 13, 1833.
ix. Amos W.,7 b. June 18, 1831 ; d. Julv 16, 1833.

4 X. Amos W^,7 b. Nov. 24, 1833.
xi. Julia A.,7 b. Dec. 7, 1835.

xii. Betsey Jane,^ b. Sept. 22, 1837; m. July 2, 1872, as 2d w. John Gibson,
q. V.
/ 3 Jacob Jackson, 7 (Jacob, ^ William, ^ James,'*) b. Groton, July 17, 1813.
Fitted for college at Peacham Acad., Grad. Dartmouth College 1839;
tutor there 1841-3; Grad. Union Theo. Sem. 1845; Ord. Bennington,
Vt.. Aug. 27, 1845; dis. 1847; agent of Am. Tract Soc. in the South
1847-8; pastor Cong. ch. Walbridge, Mass., 1850-62; Yarmouth,
1865-75; served on the Christian Commission in the army 1864-5;
Res. New Haven, Conn., 1876 till death, Dec. 3, 1878. He m. 1845
Margaret Fletcher, Whitinsville, Me., D. D. from Bowdoin, Coll., 1874.
4 Amos W., 7 (Anios,^ William, ^ James,*) b. Ryegate, Nov. 4, 1833; carpenter
and farmer. He m. Sept., 1857, Elizabeth A. Livingston of Peacham,
(b. Oct., 1839). Served in 15th Vt. in Civil War. He d. Feb. 18,
1882. Bur. Walter Harvey Cem. Members of U. P. ch. Ryegate.

Children :
i. Eugene S.,^ b. Peacham, May 5, 1858. Res. Montana; carpenter and

bridge-builder ; foreman No. Pacific R. R. Not. m.
ii. R. Burns, 8 b. Feb. 4, 1860. Res. Peacham, Vt. ; carpenter. He m. Dec.
\ 11, 1890, Georgiana, dau. Isaac P. Dunn of R., (b. March 24, 1863;

d. Oct. 14, 1898.)

GENEALOGY — ABBOTT 277

lii. Emily Annette, « b. Dec. 23, 1861 ; m. Apr. 22, 1885, John H. Nelson,

q. V.
iv. Alice,8 b. Apr. 23, 1864; d. Sept. 16, 1865.

V. Milo H.,8 b. March 23, 1866. Res. Atlanta, Ga.,; furniture dealer.
He m. March 23, 1892, Rebecca Mackey, who d. Jan., 1899. Hem.
2d, lulv, 1900, Isabella Mackev ; 3 ch.
vi. Addie F., « b. May 12, 1868 ; ra. W. H. Dopp of St. Regis Falls, N. Y.
vii. Clara B.,8 b. July 26, 1870; d. Feb. 12, 1892.

viii, Charles A ,« b. Nov. 18, 1872; d. BilHngs, Montana, Dec. 18, 1898.
ix. Mark H.,s b. May 12, 1875. Res. St. Johnsbury ; carpenter at Fair-
banks Scale Works. He m. Dec. 2, 1903, Meroe Way of St. J. ; one
son.
X. Owen G.,8 b. Oct. 9, 1876. Farmer on homestead; un-m.
xi. Arlie B.,8 b. Dec. 3, 1878; m. Mar. 21, 1900, C. W. Goss of Barnet,
/ farmer ; 5 ch.

/ xii. Lewis E.,8 b. June 19, 1881. Res. Peacham; carpenter. He. m. June
27, 1906, Susie Blanchard of Peacham.
The second branch of the Abbott family is descended from the emigrant
ancestor as follows :
I. George,! of England and Andover, Mass.
n. Benjamin,2 b. Dec. 20, 1661; d. March 30, 1703; m. Sarah Farnum, and

lived in Andover.
HI. JoNATHAN,3 b. Sept., 1687; d. March, 1770; m. Zervia Holt.

IV. David,* b. ; lived in Pembroke, N. H. ; m. 1741, Hannah Chandler.

V. Job, 5 of Andover, Pembroke, N. H., and Barnet.

Job, 5 (David,'* Jonathan, 3 Benjamin, 2 George,^) b. Andover, Mass. ; m.

Phebe Farnum, and about 1783 rem. to Barnet and settled where

Melville lived in 1860.
Children :
i. Sarah, 6 b. March 21, 1772; m. .Alexander Stuart, q. v.
ii. Hannah, 6 b. Dec, 1773; m. Jonathan Darling, q. v.
iii. Phebe,6 b. Feb. 28, 1774; m. John Brock of Barnet.

iv. Susanna, 6 b. Dec, 1778; m. Josiah Darling, q. v.; 2d Laird; 3d

Anthony Perry.
1 V. John, 6 b. Aug. 26, 1780; m. Ann Brock of Barnet.
vi. Mary, 6 b. 1782; m. James Brock of Barnet.
Mr. Mason gives the following — not in the Abbott Register :
vii. Jerome Jeremiah, 6 b. 1785: d. 1802.
viii. Priscilla,6 b. 1786 ; d. y.
ix. Job, 6 b. 1788; went west.
X. Janet,6 b. 1789 ; d. y.

1 JOHN,6 (Job,5) b. Aug. 26, 1780; m. March, 1804, Ann, dau. Walter Brock,

He d. Sept. 5, 1854 ; she d. Nov. 24, 1870.
Children :
i. Janet, 7 b. 1805 ; m. Moses Hadley.

ii. John,'' b. 1807; m. Louisa Lee, who m. 2d Claudius Somers as 2d wife,
iii. Job. 7 b. 1809 ; never m.

2 iv. Walter.7 b. 1811; m. Janet McPhee.

V. Jeremiah, 7 b. 1813; m. Jane Lee.
vi. Alexander Harvey, 7 b. 1814; m. Lucinda West,
vii. Phebe Farnum,^ b. 1817 ; m. Nov. 13, 1841. Alonzo Fife,
viii. Martha,^ b. 1819; m. Dec. 17, 1845, Wm. Keenan q. v.; d. March 2,
1848.
ix. Jonathan D.,7 b. 1822; m. Sarah Stevens.

3 Peter M.,8 (Walter^ and Janet, John,6 Job.s) b. Barnet, May 27, 1843, ed.
^/ district school and Peacham Acad. Enlisted as a recruit Aug. 13,

1862, into Co. K, 3d Vt. Vols., which formed part of the Vermont
Brigade. Was with the reg. till the close of the Shenandoah cam-

278 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

paign. Detailed on extra duty till the close of the war. Prom,
corporal, then sergeant. Mustered out June, 1865. At home two
years. Peddled goods for Crampton & Dunn, Rutland, 2 years. In
California a while. In the White Alts, in livery work several yrs.
Bought the Wm. Hunter farm. In partnership with Ned Abbott and
W. H. Johnson of Barnet, dealing in horses, some 3'ears. Bought the
John Hunter farm. Hem. Apr. 5, 1869, Marian, 'dau. Wm. Hunter,
b. Dec. 6, 1844. Ch., Kate W., b. Apr. 2, 1890 ; grad. Peacham Acad.
1908; m. Feb. 12, 1910, Clinton Keith Page.

Moses Colby.i b. Ryegate, Apr. 2, 1833. Blacksmith, also Methodist
preacher and exhorter. He m. 1st March 3, 1855, Mary A. Reagan of
Rumney, N. H., (b. Boston. Aug. 11, 1811 ; d. Tilton, June 10, 1885.)
2d Mrs. Mary Palmer Browne of Newbury ; 3 ch.

The last record is from the History of Littleton, N. H., and is inserted as
given. Whether related to the other Abbott families does not appear.

ADAMS.

Elijah H., m. Luthera Hawes. Came from Troy, N. H., to South Newbury
in 1865 ; in lumber business there till 1867 ; farmer in Topsham some
years ; ret. to Troy and d. 1902 ; she d. 1907.

Child :
Ch.^rles Luther,2 b. Swansev, N. H., Dec. 15, 1851; farmer in Topsham;
m. by Rev.D. C. Paris, Dec. 15,1880, to Julia Etta, dau. of Wm, Cald-
well^ they settled on the Wm. Caldwell tarm in November, 1882,
which they sold in May, 1910; asst. superintendent and superintend-
ent of M. E. Sunday school, Groton, Vt., many years to present time,
also recording steward. Res. at Ryegate Corner.

Children :

1 Luther Eugene, 3 b. Topsham, Oct. 9, 1881 ; d. March 10, 1908.

2 Charles Leon, 3 b. Ryegate, May 8, 1883 ; chaffeur at Warren, R. I.;

m. June 30, 1908, Jessie S. Tucker of Richmond, Vt. ; c , Frank Eu-
gene, b. April 11, 1909.

3 Clarence Harrison. 3 b. June 16, 1888; graduated Peacham Academy

1908; entered Vt.Univ. 1909. All members of Groton M. E. Church.

AKIN.

James,! b. Kilmalcolm, Scotland, 1773, came to R. 1796, after staying in New
York one year, and bought land covered with woods except a small
clearing. Original owner was Matthew Park. He m. March 9, 1801,
Margaret, dau. Alexander Miller. She d. in R. Sept. 11, 1829. After
living in Ryegate 59 years he removed to Greensborough in 1854 and
d. May 1, 1862; bur. West cemetery.
Children :
i. James,2b. 1804; d. Jan. 14, 1878; not m.

ii. Iohn,2 b. 1806; d. Greensborough, Jan. 7. 1879; not m.

iii. Jane,2 b. July 26, 1808 , d. Apr. 20, 1875 ; m. James Hall q. v.

iv. Alexander,2 b. 1812 ; d. at 4V2 years.

V. Janet, 2 b. March 1, 1813 ; m. James Smith, q. v.

vi. Margaret, b. Apr. 17,1815, Miller record ; m. John Miller of Newbury ;

as 2d w.; d. March 2, 1883.
vii. Mary, b. Feb. 9, 1817; d. at 2 years.

ALLAN.

David, b. Inchinnan, Scotland, 1740; m. 1759, Margaret Willison of that
place. He was one of the two commissioners chosen by the Scotch
American Co., to go to America and select a place for settlement. (See
Chaps. II and IV. He returned to Scotland intending to go back to

GENEALOGY— ALLAN. 279

America, but was unable to leave his leased farm till 1801. when he
was taken sick, and died. He was buried on the very day he was to
have taken passage for America, exacth' 28 years from the day of his
first setting out in 1773. His children, William and Margaret, went
directly from the grave to the ship. This name has often been spelled
Allen, but his signature, clearly attached to several papers, is David
Allan. Mrs. Allan, with her cliil. Mary and Elizabeth, and her grand-
sons. Robert and David White, came in 1802. None of the sons set-
tled in Ryegate.
Children all b. in Scotland.
i. Jean, b. 1760; m. Alexander Miller, q. v.
ii. Janet, b. 1762; m. William White, q. v.
iii. Margaret, b. 1764- ; d. un-m.
iv. John b. 1765 ; settled in " York State."
V. David, b. 1767.
vi. James, b. 1769.
vii. William, b. 1771.
viii. Robert, b. 1772.
ix. Marv, b. 1776 ; d. in Scotland.
X. Peter, b. 1778.

xi. Mary, b, 1781 ; m. Thomas Nelson, q. v.
xii. Elizabeth, b. Feb. 15, 1782; m. Allan Stewart, q. v.

ALLEN.

Samuel, b. Temple Patrick, Ireland, Jan. 12, 1776. He was implicated in
the Irish rebellion of 1798, and was at one time under arrest for trea-
son. Hem. about 1799, Jane, dau. Stafford Brown (b. Ballybally, An-
trim Co., Ire., 1777; d. Nov. 17,1858). In 1821 they decided to
come to America, coming by way of Montreal and Lake Champlain,
where his oldest son was taken sick, and d.at Missisquoi Bay; worked
one year at Paterson, N. J., came to Ryegate and bought a small farm
which he cleared, built a four-room log house, and sent for his family.
The above by Mason. Mr. Miller says that in 1844-5, their house
was standing near the end of the Carpenter farm, a few rods from the
road. He was a great reader and self taught mathematician. He d.
Feb. 12, 1862.
Children all b. in Ireland.
i. Roberts, b. 1800; d. near Missisquoi Bay, 1821.
ii. Stafford John2, b. 1803; m. Rosanna Hickerstaft, rem. in Ireland.

iii. Mary2, b. Ma,v 7, 1807 ; m. John Smith, q. v.

iv. Eleanor^, b. June 12, 1813; m. Wm. N. Gibson, q. v.

V. Agnes2, b. 1817 ; d. at Burlington while on their way here.

♦ALLEN.

WiLLL\M, Robert G., and Tames were brothers; a sister, Mary, m. Eben Bick-
ford. Robert G.,'m. 1805, Phebe, dau. Josiah Page' (b. R. Nov. 23,
1786). He d. 1854.
The following is in the town records.
Children: (of Robert G.)
i. John M., b. Aug. 1, 1806.

ii. James W., b Jan. 17, 1808 ; rem. to Glover, Vt.
iii. Sarah Maria, b. Oct. 7, 1811 ; m. Joshua Thomas, q. v.
iv. Martha W.. m. Oct. 19, 1837, Elias F. Bennett of Danville.
V. Mary, m. Wm. Page of Welland, Can.
vi. Josiah P., went to Wisconsin.

• By Mr. Miller.

280 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ANDERSON.

JOHN,i lived and d. in Scotland, Lanarkshire, parish of Lesmahago. He m.
Betsey Williamson.

John, 2 (John^) b. May 6, 1749; m Marion Twaddle of the same parish, sis-
ter of Robert Twaddle who came to Ryegate. Came from Scotland
to Ryegate, 1802; rem. to Barnet, 1820,' St. Johnsbury, 1840, to Bar-
net, 1845, where he d. Nov. 16, 1845 in his 97th year. She d. Barnet,
March 12. 1834. Both bur. Barnet Ctr.

John, 2 (Johni) Chil. all b. in Scotland except the last.
i. Betsey,3 b. 1789 ; m. David Miller, q. v.

ii. Helen. 3 b. June 4, 1791 ; m. Robert Gibson, q. v.

iii. Janet,3 b. Apr. 15, 1801; d. March 6, 1871; m. William Watson of
Barnet; d. Jan. 6, 1862

iv John,3 b. Ryegate, Sept. 4. 1811; m. 1834. Elvira Chick; rem.

to St. Johnsbury, 1842 ; ret. to Barnet, 1845, Ryegate, 1882, till d.
Apr. 25, 1892; she d. in R. Dec. 24, 1879. Chil. (1) Marion,^ b. May
3, 1836; m. Wm. J. Symes, q. v. (2) Cyrus J.,* b. March 13, 1838; m.
1864, Ellen Morse, lived in Boston. (3) Harriet E,* m. 1862,

John G. Duncan of Monroe, N. H., rem. to Iowa ; 8 ch.

ARMOUR.

William, b. in Scotland ; seems to have come to Ryegate about 1805, and
lived successively on farms afterwards owned by Amos Noyes, Geo.
Nelson and David Bone. He was a Covenanter, and the champion on
that side against the Seceders in their religious controversy from 1815
to 1817. He was a very large man In 1819, he sold his farm to Wil-
liam Page, and rem. to "Schenectady, N. Y, The town records mention
the birth of 4 children.

Jean, b. Apr. 3, 1806.

Janet, b. Alarch 13, 1810.

Wm. James, b. Nov. 12, 1813.

John, b. Dec. 26, 1816.

•ARTHUR.

It is supposed that the first of the name came to Scotland from England as a
peddler of wooden ware. The 1st Arthur we are sure of was James of
Hardgate, Houston parish, Renfrewshire, Scotland, blacksmith. An-
drew, his son, m. Jean Allison. Two of their sons, James and Robert
came to America and settled in Ryegate.
James, 2 (Andrewi) m. Elizabeth Shaw, Jan. 20, 1794, in Houston parish;
She d. Jan. 15, 1813; nine ch. all of whom came to America at differ-
ent times. Their father came with two daughters in 1844. Lived in
Ryegate. Member of Ref. Pres. ch., So. Ryegate. He d. Aug. 1854;
bur. Blue Mt. Cemetery.
Children :
I Jean, 3 b. Sept. 5, 1795; m. William Fyfe; lived in Prince Edward Island,
andd. Nov. 20, 1877.
II. Matthew, 3b. May31,1798; m. Jean Stevenson; came to America 1849;
nine chil. : lived in Rvegate a short time; settled in Glover, where she
d. Oct. 12, 1873; he'd. May 6, 1887; members of Ref Pres. Ch., So.
Ryegate. Their dau. Jean m. in Scotland. William Crowe, and came to
this country. She d. 1908. Their eldest son, George res. in South
Ryegate. q v.
III. Andrew, 3 b. July 12, 1799; m. at Houston, Scot., by Rev. John Monteith,
Janet Allen ; came to America, 1852 ; their eldest son Andrew, d. in
Scotland; their eldest dau. Jean, lives there now; members of Cong,
ch. at Mclndoes Falls; bur. Blue Mt. Cem.; d. Oct. 29.1864; she d.
July 3, 1863.

* By Mr«. J. B. Nelson.

GENEALOGY — ARTHUR. 281

Children :

1 James,* m. Margaret Gibbs in Scotland ; came to Am. 1855; d. Ryegate,

Dec. 5, 1864-: bur. Blue Mt. Cem ; his widow lives in Barnet, also
one son, James and one dau. Mrs. Saurin Holmes.

2 Elizabeth,* b. Scotland; m. James Allen (b. Jan. 15, 1830; d. Apr. 7,

1899) ; lived in Topsham ; d. and bur. there.

3 Janet,* b. Scotland ; d. March 24, 1868 ; 27 years.

4 Margaret,* b, Scotland; m. M. Daboll of Clinton, Mass.; d. there March

28, 1889; bur. Blue Mt. Cemetery.

5 Agnes,* b. Scotland; lived 20 3'ears in California; ret. to Ryegate, 1900!

m. Ira Welch of So. Ryegate ; lives there now.
IV. Janet,3 b. Feb. 26, 1802 ; came to America with her father; never m. ; lived

in Ryegate nearly all her life; d. Topsham at the home of her bro.,

John, Alay 3, 1877, aged 95 years. She was known as "Aunt Jenny

Arthur."
V. Elizabeth,^ b. Jan. 19, 1804; m. in Scotland, Wm. Morrison; he d. there

and she came to America, 1 844, with her two chil. and m. her cousin

Andrew Arthur of Topsham, in 1848 ; she d. Oct. 1866 ; bur. Blue Mt.

Cem.
(Andrew Arthur m. 2d, 1869, Isabel Thom (b. Scotland, 1820) who m. 1st

James McDonald, and had a dau. who m. C. F. Heath of Groton.

She came to America 1868. Mr. A. d. Newbury, 1873, and she lived

some Years in the family of Richard Patterson of N., but d. Groton,

May 19, 1897.)
VI. .\gxes,3 b. Feb. 1806 ; m. in Scotland, John Wilson ; came to America, 1844 ;

lived in Ryegate a short time, then settled in Glover, where she d. April

3, 1882.

VII. James,3 b. Mav 27, 1808 ; m. Dec. 2, 1831 bv Rev. John Monteith, Martha

Todd, (b. 'Scotland Jan. 10, 1809) ; 8 ch. of whom 3 c. in Scotland;
came to Ryegate, 1864; he d. Oct. 11, 1882; shed. Aug. 1st, 1893;
buried in Blue Mt. Cemetery; members of Pres ch. So. Ryegate. Mrs.
Arthur was noted for her skill at embroidery and fancy work.
Children all born in Scotland.

1 Martha,* b. Nov. 7, 1832 ; m. Jan. 1, 1856, by Rev. John Bole, Wra. Mor-

rison of Topsham ; nine ch ; he is dead ; she lives there now.

2 Agnes,* b. July 14, 1840; m. March 24, 1870, by Rev. W. J McDowell,

William Halley of Newbury; rem. to Mass., 1874; res. Milford, Conn.

3 • Mary,* b. Dec. 20, 1842 ; m. John B. Nelson, q. v.

4 Anne,* b. July 29, 1847 ; m. James H. Guthrie q. v.

5 Jessie,* b. Feb. 7, 1852; m. by Rev. John Bole to Frank Hunt; res. Rye-

gate till 1905 ; in Barnet with her son Arthur ; rem. with him to Tur-
lock, Cal., Dec. 1907.

VIII. William, 3 b. Apr. 14, 1810; came to America 18 4-2; settled in Ryegate;

m. by Rev. John Bole, March, 1855, Maria, dau. Ezra Gates ; he d.
Dec. 1857; she d. March, 1859; bur. Blue Mt. Cemetery; members of
Ref Pres. ch., So. Ryegate.

Children :
1 James E.,* b. Jan. 23, 1856; went to California 1877, then to Arizona,

where he m. Aug. 11, 1887, Anne Whitlow; res. Turlock, Cal.
S William.* b Jan. 17, 1858; lived on the homestead where his grand-

father d. till .March, 1906, when he went to Cal., and m. July 11, 1907,
Martha A., dau. Jas. H. Guthrie of Ryegate.
IX. John, b. Aug. 20, 1812; came to America about 1840; m. March 15,
1849, Sally Emerv ; lived in Topsham and d. there, Aug. 9, 1897; she
d. Jan. 30, 1887 ;' a dau. Agnes, d. June 19, 1873 ; 17 yrs. 7 mo. 10 d.
RoBERT,2 (Andrew!). ,„. in Scotland, March 20, 1820, Margaret Barr; came
to America, 1834-, via Quebec and Montreal, and thence to Ryegate

282 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

by teams ; settled at So. Rvegate and owned the land on which the
village is built, on the east side of the river; he d. Apr. 15, 1840, aged
54; she d. Dec. 13, 1865 aged 75 ; bur. at So. Ryegate.
Chil. all b. in Scotland :
I. Joan, 3 b. 1822 ; d. Dec. 2, 1841 ; buried at So. Ryegate.

II. Robert, 3 b. July 19, 1823 ; lived in South Ryegate, farmer and mechanic ;
he m. June 9, 1871, by Rev. W. J. McDowell. Abby Jane, dau. David
Jewell of Newbury ; he d. March 9, 1891.
Children :

(1) Christy,* b. Mav 18, 1872; d. March 28, 1887.

(2) Margaret B.,* b April 25, 1874 ; m. Nov. 27, 1902, by Rev. F. A. Collins

to Wm. B. Davidson, q. v.

(3) Clara T.,4 b May 8, 1878; m Sept. 7, 1898. by Rev. T. A. Jackson to

Lee Brock. They live on the old Arthur place at So. Ryegate. Ch.,
Cecille and Roberta.

III. Margaret,3 b. 1825; m. Oct. 1855, Joel Dole of Danville; d. there July

25, 1864, and bur. there.

IV. Jean, 3 b. March 13. 1827 ; m. Sept. 16, 1858. by Rev. John Bole. Luther

Merrill of Danville; d. and bur. there.
Walter, 3 (Robert, ^ Andre-w,i) eldest son of Robert by a former marriage
in Scotland, Dec. 1813; m. 1838, Elizabeth Smith of Port Helen, Islay,
Scotland. They came to America, 1839 ; lived in 1845 on the farm
where Livermore Bailey lately lived; removed to Topsham, then to
Jefferson Hill, Newbury, where their son Andrew lives. Members of
Rei. Pres. ch.. So. R. ; she d. Aug. 13, 1878; he d. March 28, 1883;
bur. So. R.
Children :
I. Robert.* b. Scotland; m. March 15, 1864, Luthera, dau. JohnS Gibson;
rem. to Iowa; d. July 16, 1908; ch., Isabel, Carrie. Charles. John,
Ada, Emma, Susan.
II. Agnes J.* b. Ryegate, Jan. 13, 1843; m. Mav 13, 1873, Andrew Aitken of
Wells River; d. Apr. 26. 1887.

III. Andrew,* b. Ryegate. March 2, 1845 ; res. Newbury.

IV, James.* b. Topsham, March 12, 1847; m. June 5, 1879, Janet, dau. John

Aitken of Newbury ; lived there and d. Apr. 29, 1902 ; two sons.
V. Sarah Isabel,* b. Ryegate. Feb. 16. 1854; m. M. F. McDonald, q. v.

BACHOP.

John, 2 b. Glasgow. Scotland, 1751. weaver; m. 1st, Mary Dirien of Paisley,
who d. and 2d, Jan. 22, 1736, Janet (Miller) Thompson. They came
to Am. about 1775, bringing with them John and William, his chil-
dren by 1st m. Ad. to Ass. Pres. ch. Barnet by certificate from Glas-
gow signed by Robert Balfour, Minister, and Wm. Walker, Session
Clerk. Settled where Jackson P. Miller now lives, also bought the
farms known as the Harvey and Bachop farms on the w. side of Har-
vey's Lake, and the Matthew Thompson farm. He gave the two first
farms to his sons, retaining the 3d. Town rep. 1804. He d. 1816;
shed. 1823.
Children bv first marriage :

1 i. John.2b. 1779.

2 ii. Williani,2b. 1781.

1 John, 2 b. 1779; m. Jean Arbuckle who came from Scotland with the Robens
and others. After his death she m. Wm. Nelson 2d of Rvegate, q. v.
Children :
i. Jennet,3 b. Jan. 5. 1805; m. Feb. 25, 1825, Robert Gilfillan, q. v.
ii. Margaret, 3 m. April 25, 1826, Walter Gilfillan, q. v.

GENEALOGY — BACHOP. ■ 283

iii. Mary, 3 b. 1810, m. Harvey Warden, q. v.
iv. Christian, 3 m. Ian. 6, 1830, David Warden, q. v.
V. Jane,3 d. Nov. 11, 1825, aged 14.

2 William, 2 (Johni) b. 1781 ; m. Mary, dau. Archibald McLaughlin, of

Peacham. He was an energetic and prosperous farmer, d. 1843 ; bur.

in Stuart Cem. Barnet.
Children ;
i. John, 3 d. un-m. at 26.
ii. William, 3 teacher and physician; m. Rachel Irving; bur. Alleghany, Pa.

3 iii. Archibald, 3 b. March 7, 1810.
iv. Mary, 3 m. Rev. Wm. Galbraith.

V. Christian, 3 m. a Mr. Williams; bur. at Freeport Pa.

vi. Jane, 3 m. Oct. 9, 1845, Lyman Southard of Haverhill, N. H.

vi. Janet, 3 (twin to Jane) d. un-m. ; bur. at Freeport, Pa.
3 Archibald, 3 (William, 2 John,i) b. Barnet, March 7, 1810; ed. Peacham
Acad., teacher ; miller at W. Barnet ; farmer and merchant ; captain in
militia; elder in Ref Pres. ch. ; in trade at Wells River with A. S. Far-
•vyell ; removed to Newbury. He m. 1st in R. by Rev. Thos. Goodwillie
March 12, 1844, Margaret Ann. dau. James Beattie (b. R. Sept. 3,
1820; d. in B. Jan. 30. 1857) ; 2d by Rev. John Bole, Jan. 10, 1860,
Margaret, dau. Andrew Buchanan (b. Ryegate, May 20,1821; d.
Newburv, Sept. 3, 1895). He d. Newbury, March 22, 1898; bur. at
W, Barnet.
Children by first marriage:

i. Infant, lived 2 days.
y ii. Frances Jane,^ b. Nov. 11, 1847; ed. Peacham and Mclndoes Acade-
mies; m. by Rev. J. W. McDowell, Oct. 29, 1868, Robert, s. of Walter
and Margaret [Bachop] Gilfillan of W. Barnet; blacksmith; ch. Wal-
ter Clement, b April 15, 1878; blacksmith.

iii. Katharine M.,* b. Oct. 17, 1850; m. by Rev. John Bole, at Wells River,
June 5, 1877, John Edwin Clement, who d. Oct. 8, 1894. Ch. (1)
Margaret Jane, (2) Jean Frances, (3) Fanny Louisa. (4) Katharine
Mitchell, all graduates of Brighton, Mass., High School and the 2d of
Emerson School of Oratory.

iv. Louisa K.*, b. Sept. 1851 : d. March, 1852.

V. Infant,* b. Jan. 29, d. Jan. 31, 1857.
By second marriage :

vi. Mary Jean Buchanan,* b. Barnet, April 29, 1862.

vii. Margaret Lilla Belle,* b. Barnet, Nov. 10,1864; m. at Newbury, June
24, 1885, Jasper H. Wilson of W. Newbury; d. at Spring City. Tenn.,
Dec. 31, 1893; ch. (1) Jeannie Belle, m. May, 1910, Ward Burton,
Bristol, Tenn. (2) Hazen Archibald,

BOLKUM.

Charles E., b. Rumney, N. H., March 1, 1843; farmer in Ryegate; he m.
Sept. 5, 1871, Roxalana Elizabeth, dau. George R. Slye (b Nov. 30,
1842). He d. June 29, 1909.
Children :

1 George Edward, b Dec. 23, 1872 ; d. July 15, 1899.

2 Jennie Elizabeth, b. Oct, 30, 1877; m. by Rev. Mr. Collins, July 26,

1899, to Ernest Edwin Hanson, who d. May 1, 1907; she d. June 1,
1904. Ch., Perley Edwin, b. Sept. 1, 1902.

3 William Henry, b June 24, 1879.

4 Annie May, b^ Nov. 14, 1882 ; d. Aug. 1, 1883.

5 Eva Belle, b. Feb. 6, 1886 ; teacher in Wells River High School.

284 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

BEATON.

Donald,! s. of James and Margaret; b. Jan. 3, 1837, at Portree, In vernes-
shire, Scotland ; boiler maker by trade, then quarrier; he m. Aug. 8,
1858, Annie Kussell of Woodside, Elgin. Came to Mason, N. H.,
1884-, his family following him in 1885, living there 11 years, in Barre,
Vt., one year, at So. Ryegate since 1896. They have 19 gr. chil., and
3 great gr. chil. Children all born in Scotland except the last.
I. James, 2 b. Jan. 10. 1859; stone cutter; came to Quincy, Mass., 1882;
in granite bus. at So. Ryegate 12 yrs. He m. at Quincy, Mass., Jean-
nie Liddell. Ch. Margaret, Annie, Alexander, Forbes, Raymond and
Jeannie.
II. Margaret,2 b. March 16, 1861 ; m. at Quincy, Frank Stacy, who d. 1897.
Chil., Margaret. Katherine, Helen, Herman, Frank and Ina, who m.
Charles Weeks of No. Dana, Mass.

III. Ellen, 2 b. June 9, 1864. ; m. 1883, in Aberdeen, Scotland, Charles Ord ;

res. Barre, Vt.

IV. Annie, 2 b. Oct. 17, 1866; m. George Delnargo ; res. lola, Kan. Chil., Annie

Bella, George, Jeanie, Viola and Marv.
V. Janet,2 b, Nov. 5, 1869; m. Dec. 25, 1896, Alvin Dodge Grant of So. R.

Ch. (adopted) in 1904, Harold William Grant then 6 years of age.
VI. Alexander,2 b. Aug. 4, 1872; in granite bu"s. at So. R., for ten years; he
m. Aug. 12, 1903, Cecile M. JBuck of E. Roxbury. Ch., Barbara Alex-
andra, b. July 29. 1909.
VII. Marv Ann, 2 b. Nov. 13, 1874, d. April 13, 1890.
VIII. George.2 b. June 30, 1879 ; tool sharpener at So. R. He m. Sept. 2, 1903,
Nettie May Carpenter of R.

BEATTIE.

James,! t), about 1776 at Beaton's Wall, near Antrim, Ireland, of Scotch an-
cestry. His father was a farmer. Came to America 1801 and went
to Nine Partners, in Armenia, N. Y., and lived in the family of James
Smith, who afterwards settled in Ryegate, and with whom he made
his home after coming to Vermont in 1804. He became a salesman of
Irish linen, and traveled afoot all over the state ; went to Va. and had
his headquarters at Richmond. Settled in Ryegate in 1807, buying
the "minister's lot" of 110 acres of Rev. Wm. Gibson, and 80 acres of
Reuben Chamberlin. He m. April 11, 1808, Margaret Gillespie, a
neice of Mrs. Gibson, b. of Scotch ancestry in Ireland; her ancestor,
James Gillespie, took part in the siege of Londonderry ; they settled
on the farm, then an unbroken forest, which he cleared, and made a
fine farm; in lumbering, buying and manufacturing lumber 23 winters;
he also built a large share of the Passumpsic Turnpike. They were
very hard working people, strict in religious views ; members of the
Ref Pres. Ch. at the Corner, in which he was a deacon. This farm
remained in the family till sold in April, 1908, to W. ]. Smith and F.
W. Whitehill. He d. 1866; shed. April 5, 1861; buried at Ryegate
Corner.
Children all born in Ryegate :
I. William John, 2 b. Feb. 16, 1809; went south and became an Indian
agent for the government, and helped remove the Seminole Indians.
He d. un-m. Nov. 9, 1837.

Jane,2b. Jan. 6, 1811.

Rebecca,2 b. April 4. 1813 ; d. July 27, 1813.

Thomas M.,2 b. Dec. 14, 1814; d. Jan. 20, 1816.

David H.,2 b. Oct. 3, 1816.

James,2 b. Aug. 20, 1818.

Margaret Ann, 2 b. Sept. 3, 1820; m. Archibald Bachop, q. v.

1

II.

III.

IV.

2

V.

3

VI.

VII.

GENEALOGY — BEATTIE. 285

4 VIII. Thomas Gillespie,^ b. July 10, 1822.

IX. Hannah, 2 b. July 9, 1824; m. Oct. 29, 1850, Rev. Loren P. Thayer of

Lisbon, N. H. ; d. July 19, 1852. See History of Windham, N. H.
X. Katharine,2 b, July 30, 1826; m. June 21, 1859. Jarvis Jewett of San
Francisco, Cal, ; d. Jan. , 1898. One dau. Mrs. Jennie M. Nicholson
of San Francisco.

5 XI. Alexander M. ,2 b. July 29, 1828.

6 XII. RobertGibson,2b. Oct. 23, 1831,

1 Jane, 2 (James 1) b. Jan. 6, 1811; m. June 21, 1843, by Rev. Thos. Good-

willie, John Cameron Stanley, who settled in Maidstone, 1842, buying
the farm known as the Wooster Bow, irom Stephen Ames. (He'was
b. Dec. 13, 1809; d. Aug. 12, 1886). She was an invaHd in her last
years, being confined to her bed 16 yrs. by a spinal trouble ; d. Juh- 9,
1887 ; member in Ryegate of Ref Pres. Ch.

Children :
i. William John Beattie,3 [Stanley], b. April 13, 1844; m. June 21,1874,
Dora Estelle Russell. Ch. (1) Eugene Arthur,-* b. June 10. 1875; phy-
sician at Waterbury Vt. ; (2) Harry Houghton,* b. April 14, 1877;
traveling salesman.

ii Margaret Ann, 3 [Stanley],' b. Sept. 3, 1845 ; m. Jan. 24, 1872, Samuel F.
Brown of Stratford," N. H. Ch. (1) Raymond Stanley,* b. Feb. 27,
1873, merchant at Derbv, Ct. ; (2) Grace Beattie,* b. Oct. 11, 1874-
d.Jan. 31, 1881.

iii. Katherine Jane,3 [Stanley], b. Sept. 23, 1846; res. on homestead.

iv. Robert James,3 [Stanley], b. March 28, 1848; m. Jan. 1883, at Stock-
ton, Cal., Lucretia Dowling .\Iattison. One son b. Feb. 1884, who is
on a wheat ranch at Farmington, Cal.
v. Harriet Elizabeth. 3 [Stanley], b. June 9, 1849; m. Oct. 28. 1874. Arthur
Herbert Carpenter of Maidstone. Ch. (1) John Currier Stanley,* b.
April 16,1876: d. Apr. 7, 1890; (2) Katherine Celeste,* b. Aug. 27,
1878; m. Dec 13, 1898, James Adam Armstrong. Mrs. C. d. March
1910.

2 David H.,2 (James, i) b. Oct. 3, 1816; left home at 21, went to Georgia as

senior partner in a commission bus. with his bro. James, and a Mr.
Knowles ; this firm failed, he ret. to Vt., was sheriff of Caledonia Co. ;
in 1844, with his bro. Thos. G., farming and lumbering in Maidstone,
and other parts of Essex Co. ; he withdrew from the firm in 1876 or
'77 ; in partnership with his sons from 1877. in lumbering in Wenlock,
Vt , where their large mill was burned, Dec. 16, 1886 ; in 1887, he sold
this property to the Nulhegan Co., who, later, sold it to Geo. Van
Dyke ; in the latter year, with his ^ns Gillespie and Thos C, he began
lumbering operations in an unorganized township in northern Maine,
where they built up a village in the wilderness, with stores, hotels,
railroad station, schools, which they named Beattie, and where they
manufactured many million feet of lumber; this was sold, a few days
before his death, to Van Dyke. Judge of Probate for Essex Co., several
years before and after 1886; Ass't Judge of Co. Court; state senator
from Essex Co., J 863, elected by a unanimous vote; Presidential elec-
tor, 1880; in politics, whig, and later republican. In the winter of
1855. he made a journey to Ireland, in a sailing vessel, in the interest
of his sister. Kate, who had received a legacy from her aunt at Antrim.
He was a quiet, gentlemanly man, a wise counsellor, possessed of a
keen, logical mind, and decision of character. He m. at Maidstone,
Vt . March 18, 1846, Harriet Dana Carlisle of Lancaster, N. H., a
cousin of Richard H. Dana of Cambridge, Mass. They rem. to 'uild-
hall, 1886, and to Lancaster, N. H., 1888, where he d. Christmas eve,
18^9. and she d. 7 weeks later, Feb. 7, 1890. This was the only year
he spent out of Vt.

286 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children :
i. James Henry, ^ res. Brunswick, Vt. ; held many Co. offices, being Ass't
Judge; m'. Celia M. French of Brunswick, Vt. ; d. March 16, 1908.
Ch. (1) David H.,* d. at 16 vrs ; (2) Matty L.,* b. 1885; grad.
Brown Univ. (3) Roy F.,* b. 1887 ; (4) James H.,^ b. 1888; grad.
Brown Univ.
ii. Gillespie, 3 in lumber bus. with his father; he d. un-m. Jan. 11, 1891.
iii. Stella, 3 res. Salem, Mass.

iv. Richard, 3 res. Maidstone, Vt., High Sheriff of Essex Co. ; he m. Feb. 1882,
Isabel L. Webb of Maidstone. Ch. (1) Neal W.,* b. 1885 ; grad. Nor-
wich Univ. In 1909 he was awarded $1000 and a medal of honor by
the Carnegie hero fund, in recognition of bravery in saving from
drowning a schoolmate who had broken through the ice on Waitt
River; (2) Irving R.,* b. 1887; (3) Carlisle H.,^ b. 1889; (4) John
G., b. 1890.
V. Harriet C.,3 res. Salem, Mass.

vi. Thomas Carlisle, 3 was high sheriff of Coos Co., N. H. ; he m,
d. Lancaster, N. H., Oct. 16, 1899 ; no ch.

3 James,2 (James,!) b. Aug. 20, 1818; went to Georgia with his brother David

and remained there, and m. May 6, 1856, Catherine G. Clark, of
Augusta, Ga.. where he d. Sept. 20, 1858. Ch. Elsie B.,3 b. Feb. 27,
1858; res. Atlanta, Ga.

4 Thomas Gillespie,^ (James, i) b. July 10, 1822; in lumber bus. with his

bro. David H., from 1844 in Maidstone, Vt., and Lancaster, N. H.,
carrying on a very extensive business, owning several mills, and em-
ploying many men. Town rep. from Maidstone, three times ; State Sen-
ator from Essex Co., 1860-'61. In politics a war democrat, and was
employed by Gov. Fairbanks to raise a Co. for the 3d Vt. from Essex
Co. Ret. to the homestead in Ryegate, 1884, and was one of the
most extensive farmers in town. He m. 1876, Mary O'Brien ; he d. in
R.Jan. 12, 1907.
Children :
i. Mary Gillespie,^ b. May 30, 1877 ; m. Sept. 16, 1900, Wm. B. Lackie of
Peacham; res. Ryegate. Ch. Margaret Beattie [Lackie], b. Aug. 3,
1907.

5 Alexander Mitchell, 2 (James, i) b. July 29, 1828; ed. Peacham and St.

Johnsbury Acady's ; teacher. In California, bus. and mining 1857—
58 ; ret. to Vt. and at the opening of the Civil War recruited a Co. of
lumbermen in Essex Co. Second Lieut. Co. 9, 3d Vt., afterward cap-
tain of Co. F, of that regiment ; Captain also of a Co. of sharpshoot-
ers from that division. He saw hard service, was in 20 battles, includ-
ing some of the fiercest of the war. Over 200 men served m his Co.
and its losses were heavy. At the battle of Cold Harbor, June 5,
1864, he removed a wminded member of his company, who lay be-
tween the lines, for which act of daring he received a gold medal by
special act of Congress. Must, out July, 1864, and engaged in lum-
bering. Res. Brunswick, Vt., where was town rep. 1867—8. In poli-
tics a democrat. Rem. to Lancaster, N. H., 1869, which he rep. in the
N. H. legislature 1893—4. Farmer and lumbering in Pittsburgh, N.
H., and Granby, Vt., also owned the Bellows farm in Lancaster. He
m. at L., Dec. 30. 1869, Celestia, dau. Andrew J., and Emily (Lincoln)
Congdon (b. Lebanon, Conn., June 11, 1847). He d. L'. March 7,
1907.
Children :
i. Mabel Alexander,3 b. L. Feb. 26, 1871; m. May 31, 1893, Charles D.
Sawin, M. D., of Somerville, Mass.

6 Robert Gibson, 2 (James, i) b. Oct. 23, 1831 ; Com. school education, St.

Johnsbury Academy and Newbury Seminary. Farmer on the home-
stead, and took care of his parents in old age. He m. by Rev. J. M.

GENEALOGY— BEATTIE. 287

Beattie, Jan. 1, 1857, Susan Lang, dau. John M. Child of Monroe,
(b. d. ). On Aug. 11, 1872, his youngest child

aged 26 mos., was killed by a train on the railroad near his home, in
sight of his father and two brothers. Mr. Beattie never recovered
from the shock of his death, and the railroad company refused to make
any compensation for the loss of the child. A few nights later on, the
22d, Air. B. having discovered a washout on the railroad near his
house, stopped a heavily loaded passenger train just in time to avert a
terrible disaster. For this he was thanked by vote of the stockhold-
ers at their annual meeting, Sept. 4, 1872. He failed in business, 1876,
giving up all his property to his creditors, and began life anew. Was
afterward in agency business, and selling nursery stock, and dealing in
horses. Has been an invalid manv vears and almost helpless. Res.
Lancaster, N. H. Rem. from R. 188'2l
Children all b. in Rvegate:
i. William John, 3 b. March 7,1858; res. Oakland, Cal. ; Pullman car con-
ductor on Raymond excursions between Boston and California.

ii. James Gillespie, 3 b. Nov. 8, 1859 ; a natural mathematician, and an ex-
pert bookkeeper; ed. Mclndoes and St. Johnsbury Acad's, grad.
Comer's Commercial School, Boston ; he d. at St. Louis, aged 22, while
emp. by E. and T. Fairbanks and Co.

iii. John May,3 b. April 29, 1862 ; d.

iv. Robert Child. 3 b. Sept. 21, 1864; in lumber bus. with his uncle, Capt. A.
M. Beattie, then with Wright, Blanchard & Twitchell, and with the
Bath Lumber Co. ; rem. to West Va., then to Miss., where he is in the
lumber bus. on a high salary ; he m. Martha Hutchins of Bath.

v. Susan L., 3 grad. Salem, (Mass.,) Normal School; teacher.

vi. Blanche,3_grad. Salem (Mass.,) Normal School; teacher in Duluth.
vii. Daughter, d. at a little over one j-ear.
viii. Thomas, 3 killed on the R. R. Aug. 11, 1872, as before mentioned.

BEATTIE.

The emigrant ancestor of Rev. James M. Beattie came from the n. of Ireland
before the rev. war, and settled in Orange Co., N. Y., where he ob-
tained much land, and left a large estate to his son John, who had
several chil. one of whom was also named John. The latter, b. Orange
Co., N. Y., Apr. 14, 1780, m. 1st 1808, Sarah Haines (b. 1790 or '94).
She was of Long Island ancestry and a very pious woman ; she d.
Apiil 8, 1823, and he m. 2d, Eliza, dau. Rev. James McKinney of the
Ref. Pres. Ch. ; he m. 3d, Rachel Kelso. By his 1st m. he had 11 chil.
of whom Rev. James M., lived in R. ; John F. m. Feb. 26, 1856, Agnes
E., dau. Jonathan Coburn, (q. v.) They lived in St. Andrews, N. Y.
A sister, Marv E. Beattie, lived here ; m. Rev. Mr. Williams and d.
4 yrs. later. ('John B. Williams of Pa., Sept. 19, 1850.) By his 2d m.
John Beattie had a son who d. y. and Joseph, b. Ulster Co., N. Y.,
1830. The latter lived with his brother in Ryegate some years ; grad.
Union Col., Schenectadv, N. Y., 1853; studied theology with Rev. Jas.
Wilson of Philadelphia'; ord. by the N. Y. Presbytery, Sept. 27, 1856,
and m. in that month Martha Ellen Lord of Delaware. They sailed
as missionaries to Syria, Oct. 16, 1856, and settled at Yalah, near
Damascus, later at Latakia, a seaport. They were missionaries 27
yrs.; re-visited America, 1863, '4, and 1876; she d. 1877; he d. Oct.
8, 1883 ; several chil. ; received the degree of D. D. from Geneva, Col.
James MiLLiGAN, 2 (John, 1) b. Montgomery. N. Y., Sept. 24,1811, and was
the Istch. bapt. by Rev. James .Vlilligan, the Covenanting minister of
Coldenham, N. Y., who afterward came to Ryegate, and named for
him. He entered Union College, and graduated there in 1834, his
room-mate being his cousin, Robert H. Beattie, who became a minis-
ter of the Dutch Reformed Church ; he taught school for some time,

288 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT,

then sailed for Scotland, landing in Liverpool, Aug. 15, 1840, and
went to Paisley, where he studied six weeks at Divinity Hall, under
Dr. S\^mington ; spent one winter in Glasgow University'; licensed to
preach by the Paisley Presbytery in Glasgow, May 8, 1841 ; preached
in Scotland and in Ireland two years, studying at Divinity Hall one
session; returned to America in August, 1843, keeping a very minute
diary of his voyage; came 1st to RA'egate late in 1843; rec'd call
from the congregations of Ryegate and Barnet, March 8, 1844; ord.
at Coldenham by the N. Y. Presbytery, May 28, of that year; in-
stalled pastor of the Reformed congregation of Ryegate and Barnet
June 20,1844. (See Chap. XIV.) He m. bv Rev. James McArthur,
Dec. 24, 1856, Margaret Sophia, dau. John Nelson (b. April 15, 1830;
d. Woodsville, N. H., Aug. , 1907). She was educated at Newbury
Seminary, grad. 1852, and was a most able and efficient assistant to
her husband in his ministry; president 13 yrs. of the Ladies' Miss.
Soc. Mr. Beattie was a trustee of Peacham Acad, for 20 years. He
owned and occupied the house now that of J. A. McLam, where he d.
March 9, 1883; bur. Blue Mt. Cem.
Children, all born in Rvegate :
I. Elizabeth Annott,3 b. May 11, 1859 ; d. July 7, 1860.

II. John James, 3 b. Jan. 6, 1863. Went to Stuart, Iowa, where he was very
successful in business. He resembled his father more than any of the
other children; d. Oct. 24, 1896. He m. Elizabeth, dau. Charles Stu-
art. Chil. Grace, and Charles Stuart, both b. Stuart, Iowa.

1 III. William Johnston, 3 b. Sept. 6, 1865.

IV. Joseph Nelson, 3 b. Dec. 1, 1870 ; d. April 9, 1871.
V. Mary Sophia,3 b. March 6, 1872 ; m. Dr. Wm. G. Ricker, q. v.

2 VI. James R. W. (twin to above).

1 William Johnston,3 b. Sept, 6, 1865 ; ed. St. J. Acad. ; in Bellevue Med.
Coll. 4 yrs; Physician at Littleton, N. H. ; Surgeon General on the
staff of Gov. Jordan; Medical referee for Grafton Co.: Director in
Littleton National Bank; President of Littleton Hospital .Associa-
tion, one of the most successful institutions of the kind in the state ;
resident phvsician for the Alaplewood Hotel and the Crawford House.
Rep. from L., in the N. H. legislature 1899-1900; he m. Mav 29,
1890, Elizabeth Arnold, dau. Dr. C. M. Tuttle. Dr. Beattie has' been
very successful in his profession, having an extensive practice, and his
family is prominent socially.
Children born in Littleton :
i. Margaret, b. Jan. 18, 1891.
ii. Barbara, b. Dec. 28, 1897.
iii. Elizabeth, b. 1901.
iv. Catherine, b, 1902.
2 James Renwick Wilson, 3 b. March 6, 1872; merchant at Ryegate Corner,
till burned out Aug. 16, 1890; in Boston till he bought out Harry W.
Hibbard at Woodsville, in shoe and grocery bus. ; he m. 1893, Blanche
Nelson, dau. A. A. Miller,
Children :
i. Ibbie Jean, b. Ryegate, 1894; d. Oct. 20. 1910.
ii. James Milligan, b. Ryegate. 1895; d. 1896.
iii. Blanche Miller, b. Boston, 1902.
iv. Robert Archibald, b. Boston, 1904.

BLAIR.

William, son of Wm. and Mar}' (Blackwood), b. ab. 1785; he m, 1st, ab.
1813, Jane Laird (b. ab. 1794; d. Dec. 2, 1842) ; hved in High Church
parish, Paisley; came to Ryegate via Quebec in 1821, being seven
weeks on the voyage; they lived at William Nelson's at first; he

GENEALOGY— BLAIR. 289

bought of James Esden farm known as the James Renfrew farm,
and other property later. His neighbors built him a cabin on his
land; built framed house in 1836; rem. to Hardwick 18il, and June
19, 1845, he m. as 2d \v., Agnes, dau. Alexander Nelson of Ryegate,
(b. May 10, 1804; d. Oct. 13. 1874).

Children : the three oldest b. Scotland, the others in R. Dates of birth
from town rec.

i. Mary Blackwood, 2 b. Feb 25, 1815 ; m. James Morris ; lived in Troy, Vt.,

where she d. 1873 ; he in 1881.
ii. John. 2 b. Feb. 16, 1817; m. March 22, 1842, Emeline, dau. Enos Farwell,
who lived in R. at one time. They went to Jay, Vt. Five eh. who set-
tled in lay and Troy.
iii, William,3 b. March 14, 1819 ; went to California.
iv. Matthew, 3 b. Dec. 20, 1821 ; went to California.
V. Jane, 3 b. Jan. 21, 182 4-; m. Joseph Patch of Hardwick.
vi. Helen, 3 b. March 15, 1826; m. Thomas Taisey.
vii. James. 3 b. April 20, 1828; went to California,

vjii. Walter,3 b. April 2, 1830 ; went to Cal. 1852 with John Miller and Rob-
ert Hall; farming, hotel and street railway bus in Piedmont and Oak-
land; became wealthy; he m. 1862, at Napa, Cal., Phoebe, dau. John
Harvey, q. v. 2 daus. She d. suddenlv, Jan. 17, 1888.
ix. Eliza .'\nn,3 b. March 30, 1832; no rec.
X. Margaret Gray, 3 b, Dec. 31, 1834; no rec.
xi. Josephine Victoria, 3 b Jan, 13, 1838 ; no rec.
xii. George VV.,3 b. Oct. 4, 1839 ; no rec.

BIGELOW.

I. John (1641-1703) of England and Watertown, Mass ; m. Mary Warren.
II. Joshua ; m. Elizabeth Flagg.

III. Eleazer, b. 1705; m. Mary Feike or Fife and had 5 chil. of whom Mary

m. Ur. Gideon Smith of Newbury, and Jabez.

IV. Jabez, m. Deborah Knowlton.

V. Jabez,! b. Westminster, Mass.. March 6, 1764; m. Haverhill, N. H., 1786,
Betsey, dau. Ebenezer Mackintosh,* (b. Boston, Mass., Dec. 12, 1768;
d. Ryegate, Oct. 10, 1848). He came to Newbury about 1785 and to
Ryegate about 1794; farmer, shoemaker, and major in the old militia,
and generally styled, "Major Bigelow." He d. at the home of his
daughter, Mrs. Nelson, in Monroe, N. H., Dec. 31, 1851; bur. at Wells
River.

* Ebenezer Mackintosh was b in Boston, Mass., 1736, and became a trades-
man. He m. a Miss Maverick, whose brother Samuel was killed in
the Boston Massacre, March 5, 1770. Chil.: (1) Paschal, whosettled
at Montmorency, Ohio, and reared a large family; (2) Betsey, ni.
Jabez Bigelow. Mackintosh was a ring leader in the riot of Aug. 26,
1765, in which Lieut. Gov. Hutchinson's house was destroyed. He
was also the leader of the Boston Tea Party. For this he was com-
pelled to leave Boston, and came on foot through the wilderness to
Haverhill, N. H., leading Paschal by the hand and carrying Betsey in
his arms, their mother being dead. He lived in Haverhill and Newbury
and later, with his daughter in Ryegate. He went to Ohio to visit his
son, remaining several years, going and returning on foot. He d. in
Haverhill, 1816; bur. at No. Haverhill. The Bigelow place was
known as the Holman place. A man by name of Melvin built the first
house on it (now or lately used as a chicken house). Jabez^ Bigelow
began the present house, but left it unfinished and it was completed
by his brother John.

290 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children :
i. Ellizabeth^ Mcintosh, b. Newburv, lulv 12, 1788: m. Jan. 10, 1828, Dan-
iel Darling; d. 1863.

1 ii. Jabez,2 b Newburv, Nov. 25, 1789; d. Nov. 13. 1850; Charles C, his

son, d. Aug. 8, 'l 856— 32
iii. John, 2 b. Newbury, Aug 8; d. Sept. 5, 1791.
iv. Roxalana 2 b. Rvegate, Oct 15, 1794; m. John Slye, q. v.
V. Sirena,2 b. K. Dec. 19, 1796; m. Jan. 12, 1815, by Robert Whitelav^r,

James Bailey of Newbury ; farmer on Jefferson Hill; five chil., all b.

Newbur}': rem. to Messena, N. Y., 1838, where he d. Julv 7, 1859;

she d. Dec. 15, 1868.
vi. Cynthia.2 b. March +, 1799; m. Robert G. Nelson, q. v. ; d. Apr. 9, 1883.
vii. Laura. 2 b. April 13, 1802 ; d. un-m. Jan. 13, 1872.

2 viii. John 2 b. Dec. 28, 1803

ix. Knowlton,2 b. March 27; d. Mav 7, 1806.
X. iMarv,2 b. March 20. 1807; d. April 1, 1811.
xi. Anna, 2 b. July 24, 1809; d. Oct. 1, 1911.
1 Jabez,2 (Jabez), b. Newbury, Nov. 25, 1789 ; livednext south of his brother
John; the house has been replaced; he m-. Eleanor Chamberlin ; died
from the kick of a horse, Nov. 13, 1850.
Children :

Paschal, m. ; no chil. living.
Elizabeth, m Stebbins Smith of Monroe.

Charles C, m. Huldah Smith of Monroe ; they had a dau. Martha ; he d.
Aug. 18, 1856.
iv. Mary, m. a Mr. Elmer of Hartford, Ct. ; several chil.

John2 (Jaijezi) b. Dec. 28, 1803; farmer in Ryegate, vi^here John Davidson
has lately lived; farm now owned by J. L. Mills; the house was
begun by his brother, but completed bv him ; teacher of penmanship
in R. and adjoining towns many years ; captain in militia ; town rep-
resentative, 1869; member Cong. ch. at Barnet, Newbury, 1839;
Wells River. Sept. 5, 1840, till death. He m. Dee. 26, 1836. Mary
Charlotte, dau. Dea. Daniel and Persis (Ladd) Thompson (b. Corinth,
Vt.. May 21, 1821). [She joined the Cong. ch. at Newbury, March 3,
1839, and is the onlv surviving charter member of the Cong. ch. at
Wells River. Org. Sept. 5, 1840. Res. Northfield, Minn J He d. Rye-
gate, April 12, 1891.
Children all born in Ryegate :
i. Emilv Adelaides b. Sept. 10, 1838 ; d. Aug. 19, 1839.

ii. Alexander Thompson, 3 b. April 5, 1841; enHsted 1862 in the 15th Vt.
Vol., as private ; must, out as 2d Lieut., 1863 ; raised a Co. in Boston
for the 2d Mass. (Col. Codman). 1865, and com. Capt. of Co. H. by
Gov. Andrew, but the war closing they were not ordered into service ;
grad. Boston Dental College, 1873 ; in practice at Boston a few years;
later in No.' Dakota and since 1888 in St. Paul, Minn. Now at Palm
Beach, Florida ; has given much attention to microscopy ; prominent
in Masonry, and member of several patriotic societies; he m. Nov,
26, 1883, Edna A. Kelley.
iii. Sarah Arabella. ^ b. Sept. 6, 1843 ; ed. Francestown and Mclndoes Acad-
emies, and NcAvbury Seminary; teacher in various places in Vt., and
N. H., and 3 ^-rs. at Sterling, Mass. She was m. Aug 11, 1870, by
Rev. Wm. S. Palmer, to Horace Goodhue (b. Westminster West. Feb.
23, 1842, Grad. Dartmouth Col., 1867; taught school at Wells River;
became principal of Northfield [Minn.] Academy, 1867; later made
Prof, of Greek in Carleton College, and was for many years dean of
the facultv. He resigned 1907, after 40 years continuous service.
Elected M'ayor of Northfield, 1908.)
Children :
i. Claribel,* b. Aug. 6, 1872; grad. Carleton Col. 1895; m. Aug. 6, 1900,
Dr. Charles Hale Wellman of Westminster, Vt., a grad. of Tufts Den-

JOHN BIGELOW, ESQ.

W. W. WRIGHT.

SAMUEL MILLS, SR.

..^

GENEALOGY — BIGELOW, 291

tal College: res. Cape Town, Africa. Chil. (I) Horace Goodhue,^ b.

Juh- 3, 1901; (2) Homer Bigelow,^ b. Sept. 6, 1905; (3) Charles

Hale,5 b. Sept. 16, 1907.
Ralph Bigelow.i b. Jan. 27, 1878 ; farmer at Donnelly, Minn. ; he m, .\ug.

27, 1903. Emilv Rice of Monticello. Chil. (1) "Horace Goodhue b.

Aug. 6, 1904- ; (2) Margaret, b. Aug. 31, 1906.
Mary Catherine, b. March 3, 1881; grad. Carleton Col. 1903; in Europe

and Africa one 3-ear; in 1907 in Univ. of Chicago ; teacher of Latin

and Eng. Lit. in Crookston (Minn.) High School, now teacher in

Duluth, .Minn.
William Ladd,3 b. Aug. 31, 1846; d. Feb. 22, 1860.
Francis Hallan,3 b. Jan. 16, 1850; farmer on homestead; m. May 26,

1S80, Adaline H. Kent; rem. to Wells River, April, 1896; he d." Feb

18, 1898; no chil. She m. 2d, Oct. 6, 1909, E. D. Carpenter of

W^ells River.

BOLE.

Rev. Joh.n, b. Mewton Stewart, Galloway, Scotland, Jan. 24, 1821. He was
an only child and both parents d. when he was ten or twelve years old ;
educated in the schools of Xewton Stewart, graduated at the Univer-
sity of Glasgow and later took theological training in the Ref. Pres.
Seminary under Professor Andrew Symington. He m. April 21, 1853,
Alarion Brown, a niece of Prof. Svmington, and ten days later they
sailed for America, and came to South Ryegate in (Dct. where
he was ordained and installed pastor of the Reformed Presbyterian
chvirch, Dec. 24, 1853. Resigned and returned to Scotland in June,
1862; settled in Belfast, Ireland, May, 1863; returned to America in
1869; settled as pastor of the Ref. Pres. ch. at West Barnet, June 23,
1869. retired from active ministry 1886, occasionally preaching. He
published a smaU volume of sermons in 1861. Mr. Bole was justly
regarded as one of tiie ablest ministers in this vicinity. He was a close
student, a ready speaker and writer, an earnest teacher of the word,
and a most genial man. He d. at W.' Barnet, Nov. 2, 1906.

Children:
i. John Brown, b. Ryegate ; d. at nine years of age.

ii. Margaret Symington, b. R^-egate, Oct. 21, 1856; ed. Peacham Academy,
grad. Salem (Mass.) Normal School; teacher at Milford, N. H., Con-
cord, Mass , and Burlington, Vt. She was m. Jan. 27, 1890, to Dr.
Charles Allen Hamilton of Waterbury, Conn.

iii William McClure, b. Ryegate, Mav30, 1857; ed. Peacham Acad.; learned
the printer's trade in the office of the St. Johnsbury i. aledonian; con-
nected with various papers, editing papers in St. Paul, Minn., Boze-
man and Great Falls, Montana, and now editor of the Great Falls
Daily Tribune. He m. Aug. 20, 1881, Sarah Elizabeth Dow of St.
Johnsbur}-,

iv. Robert Stewart, b. Ryegate, March 24, 1860 ; ed. Peacham Acad. ; was
for a time apothecary on a ship in the U. S. Navy; grad. with honor
from the medical department of Vt. University. Now in practice at
St. Paul, Minn. He m. Sept. 12, 1894. Katherine Fox of St. Paul.

Y. Andrew Symington, b. Glasgo\v, Scotland, Nov. 23, 1862; ed. Peacham
Acad. For three yrs. from Sept. 1886, editor of the Saturday- Evening
News, owned and" published by his brother at W'est St. Paul, Minn. ;
reporter one year for the St. Paul Pioneer Press; entered Bangor
Theological Seminary, and grad. May, 1895; ordained as a Congrega-
tional minister at Turner, Me., Oct. 4, 1895; pastor there Mav 1895-
April, 1899. Cong, ch., Coventry. Vt., Apr. 1899-1910. Bought a
farm in Barnet, and res. there. Rep. from Coventry in Vt legislature,
1906. He m. April 27, 1887, Laura May Watts of Monticello, 111.

292 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

vi. Marion Brown, b. Belfast, Ireland, Nov. 30, 1864; ed. Peacham Acad.,
teacher at Burlington, Vt.; several years; now, 19U8, with her
mother. Mrs. Bole d Jan. 22, 1911.

vii. James Paisley, b. Belfast, Ire., May 7, 1868; ed. Peacham Acad, and
Burlington (Vt.) High School; studied law and was ad. to the bar in
111., but has been engaged in newspaper work in Montana; hem.
Aug. 30. 1891, Mary McCormack of St. Paul, Minn.

BONE

David,! b. Scotland 1807; m. 1833, Margaret, dau. Wm. Buchanan,

b. 1802; sailed for America with other friends in 183.T. a voyage of
six weeks, 3 days, landing in New York in Oct ; came to Burlington by
water, and across the state, and the party wintered near McIndo.es.
They lived one year in Newbury, on the farm now owned by Henry
Whitehill. In 1838, the Bone family settled in South Ryegate, then
containing two houses, which were those of Robert Arthur and John
Miller. He built a log house of two rooms, a "but" and a "ben,"
where the Lamphere house now stands, and, later, the present house.
In that house manv singing schools and" Societv Meetings " have been
held. David Bone d. Jan. 17, 18+6 ; she d. March 4, 18o3.

Children :

1 i. William, b. May 6, 1834.

2 ii. David, b. Dec. 15, 1835.

iii. Margaret, b. Dec. 15, 1837; m. John Davidson, q v.

iv. Jea.\. b Nov. 15, 1839; d. Sept. 1848.

v. Mary, b. July 27, 1842; m Jan. 12, 1870, John Campbell,

vi. James Beattie, b. Feb. d. July, 1845.

1 William, 2 (David,!) b. Glasgow, Scotland. May 6, 1834; lived on the

homestead with his brother David till 1865, when he bought of Plato
Eames the large farm on which his son John S., lives, between Bolton-
ville and Wells River. Member and for years Session Clerk of the Ref.
Pres. Church in Ryegate. He m. 1st, Dec. 5, 1866, Jane, dau, Archi-
bald Ritchie (b. Aug. 7, 1834: d. Jan. 28, 1875); 2d, March 16, 1877,
Ellen, dau. John Smith (b. April 5, 1841).
Chil. (besides three who d. in inf ) all b. Newbury.
i. William, 3 b. June 4, 1868 ; supt. of brickyard at York Corner, Me. ; m.
Aug. 8, 1899, Mabel L. Davis ot Portsmouth. N. H. Ch., Gertrude
Frances, b. April 12, 1904.

ii. Archie Ritchie, ^ b. Nov. 22, 1871; grad. St. Johnsbury Academy, and
Poughkeepsie (N. Y.) Business College; bookkeeper several years in
Cent. Vt. R. R. office, St. Albans; now farmer near So. Ryegate; m.
Dec. 1, 1899, Edith Eleanor Plummer of Clearfield, lo • a. gr. dau. of
Wm. N. Gibson. Ch., Norman Archibald, b. April 2, 1902.
By second marriage :

iii. Herman David, 3 b. March 14, 1878; grad. Wells River High School, and
at Univ. Vt., Medical College. Now ward phvsician in State Lunatic
Hospital, Waterburv, Vt. He m. Dec. 25, 1905, Bertha Mae, dau,
Ansel T. Davis of Wells River. Chil., (1) Charlotte Davis, b. Oct. 12,
1906; (2) Harriet Eleanor, b. Oct. 13, 1909.

iv. John Smith, 3 b. Dec. 1,1879; grad. Wells River High School ; farmer
with his father; school director in Newbury, 1910; m. Burlington,
Aug. 18, 1909, Lucia H. Hadley.

v. Ellen Jean. b. Aug. 26, 1884- ; grad. W. R. High School and St. J. Acad-
emy; trained nurse at Heaton Hospital, Montpelier.

2 David, 2 (David, i) b. Dec. 15, 1835; farmer in South Ryegate; he m. Jan.

12. 1871. Nancy Allen, dau. John Smith (b. Aug. 23, 1843) ; he d.
May 6, 1878, and she m. 2d Robert H. Gates, q. v.

GENEALOGY — BONE. 293

Children :
i. Nellie Margaret. 3 b. April 14, 1873 ; teacher for several years in the pub-
lic schools of R.
ii. John David Nelson,3 b. May 30, 1876 ; d. June 14-, 1895.

BROCK.

Robert,! b. ab. 1715, in the parish of Old Kilpatrick, Dunbartonshire, Scot-
land ; m. Jean Miller of New Kilpatrick. He was a miller in Scotland,
and a member of the Scotch American Co. The number of their chil-
dren is not known, but there seems to have been a William, besides
Andrew and Robert, who were among the first settlers of Ryegate.
The parents came to this town in 1786; he bought the mills at Bol-
tonville, and refitted them, also bought land in different parts of the
town, but lived at Boltonville, then called Brock's Falls. Members of
the Associate church. He d. Oct. 1, 1799 ; she d. Oct., 1803 ; buried at
Ryegate Corner, where their graves are covered by a large tombstone,
lying flat upon the ground. Robert Brock probably brought more
money into town than any other man, except William Nelson. When
Col. Thomas Johnson of Newbury was a prisoner in Canada during
the revolutionary war, money for his support was sent to him by
drafts upon Robert Brock b^' his son Andrew. One of these drafts is
preserved among the Johnson papers in the library at Newbury and is
as follows :

£30.

Ryecitb, July 11, 1781.

Sir, Thirty davs after this my Fourth of Exchange, my first, second
and third not being" paid. Pay to the ORDER of Thomas Johnson, Thirty
Pounds Sterling Money of Great Britain, it being for value received here,
and place the same to mv account as per Advice from you.

Your Humble Servant,

Andrew Brock.
To Robert Donald,

Merchant Glasgow.

Accompan\'ing this was the following letter :

Newbury, July 14, 1781.
To Col. Thomas Joh.nson, at Three Rivers.
Dear Sir,

Agreeable to your desire, I have sent you a s t of Bills on Glasgow,
Contents 30£ Sterling from Mr. Andrew Brock. There is not a house in
Glasgow I should put more confidence In. The money comes from his
father and is sure to be Allowed. Doct. Hopkins takes the charge of the
Bills and Letters from this Place, and is to go by way of Castletown ex
pecting there to send the Bills and other articles by a flag from Crown
Point, agreeable to your instructions. I have sent a letter for Glasgow.
I hope you will do what you can to have it sent forward • *
Your obt Servant,

William Wallace.

The children of Robert and Jean Brock who came to Ryegate were Andrew
and Robert.
Andrew,2 { Robert, 1) b. at Barns of Clyde, Parish of Old Kilpatrick, 1749;
came to America in 1772, and to Ryegate in May. 1774, with his
brother Robert. He settled at the Corner, and his family, says Mr.
Miller, "was for vears one of the most prominent, wealthy, and re-
spected in Rvegate'. He carried on a large farming business, and built
a large tavern at the Corner, called the Red House and later, the
Peters Tavern ; ran it a number of years, and leased it to different
parties." He m. about 1782, Marv, dau. Archibald Taylor (b. March
4, 1764; d. March 25, 1858. aged '94 yrs.) They were original mem-
bers of the Associate church, in which he was the 2d elder, and of
which she was a member 74 years. He brought from Scotland the
following certificate :

294 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

These are certifying that the bearer hereof Andrew Brock, un married,
was born and brought up in this Parish, and had hi.s residence in it till the
date hereof. Behaving himself always soberly and honestly, free from pub-
lick scandal or ground of Church Censure known to the Kirk Session here,
and therefore at his removal from this parish may be admitted to any
Christian Congregation or Society where God in His Holj- Providence may
order his lot.

Given at Old Kirkpatrick and County of Dunbarton this 22d of March,
177-t and signed by, John D-ayidson, Mins'r,

Alex. Bell, Sess. Clerk,
James Houston, \ eij„-.s
William Donald,/ '^'"'='^'>-

" Dea. Andrew Brock was a fine man, and one of the pillars of the Associate

church. After his death the fortunes of the family rapidly declined.

Gentleness was the leading characteristic in the Brock family — the

hyena disposition existed in none of them." — Miller.
Andrew Brock was drafted into the i evolutionary war, but for some reason

could not go, and John Orr volunteered in his place He d. June 17,

1817.
Children : Baptisms from Session Book
i. Jean, 2 b. Sept 29, 1783; bapt. by Rev. Peter Powers; she m. 1825, by

Rev. D. Goodwillie. V\ m. Dean of Dalton, N. H.
ii. Mary ,2 b. July 26, 1785; bapt. by Rev. John Houston; m. William Grant,

q. V.

1 iii. Robert.2 b. Mav 30, 1787 ; bapt. by Rev. Dr. Thomas Clark ; m. Feb. 22,

1816, by Rev. D. Goodwillie. Sabra Strong.
iv. Agnes, 2 b. April 6, 1787 ; bapt. by Rev. Thos. Beveridge. She was a well

known nurse for many 3'ears ; m. Oct. 1, 1838, Sabin Johnson of Bath.
V. Margaret, 2 b Oct. 17,1791; d June 17, 1794- ; bapt. by Rev. David

Goodwillie.
vi. Andrew, 2 b Jan 27, 1794; m. " Widow White" of Attleboro, Mass.
vii. Archibald 2 b. March 19 ; d. July 19, 179«.
viii. Elizabeth, 2 b June 16, 1797; m 1st, Joel Nutter, q.v. • 2d. William

Wright, q. v.

2 ix. \Viniam,2 b. June 30, 1800 ; m. ab. 1828, Tryphena Clement of Barnet.

He was very ingenious and remarkable for his wonderful skill on the
violin Went west.
X. Margaret ,2 b. Sept. 4-, 1802 ; d. March 1806.

3 xi. Walter Miller, 2 b. Sept. 15, 1804.

4 xii. James, b. June 9, ls06.

Robert, 2 ( Robert, i) b. Barns of Clyde, Parish of Old Kilpatrick, 1754; came
to America with his bro. Andrew in 1772 ; the3' landed in New York,
where the}- remained two years; they intended returning to Scot-
land, but could not get passage; came to Rvegate, May. 1774;
bought land and settled at the Corner, where \V. H. Nelson lives;
elected Lieut, in 1st Co. of militia. May 14, 1776; he m. Jan. 17. 1777,
Elizabeth, dau. Claudius Stewart, the 2d m. in R. ; rem. to Barnet,
1780, and later to \V. Barnet; elder in Barnet Ctr. ch. ; town clerk;
hed. 1804.
Children : the five last b in Barnet.
i. Robert, 3 b. Ryegate, Dec. 17, 1777; lived in Barnet; no rec.
ii. William, 3 b. Rvegate, March 19, 1780; no record,
iii. James, 3 b. Feb. 9, 1784; d. March 11, 1871.
iv. Cloud, 3 b. April 23, 1786.

V. Tanet,3 b. Feb. 2, 1788 ; m. John Darling, q. v.

vi. Alexander, 3 b. Aug. 7, 1791; m. Mabel, dau. Col Alexander Harvey; d.
Feb. 5, 1885; 5 ch. The youngest, Robert H , was a colonel in the
civil war.
vii. Stuart, 3 b. Aug. 1, 1793; no rec.
1 Robert, 3 (Andrew, 2 Robert. 1) He had two chil. : John who lived and died
in Boston, and Lucy who m. Calvin Crosb}- of Hardwick, Vt., and
had three chil., Henry, Alice and George. She d. in Boston. Henry

GENEALOGY — BROCK. 295

Crosby was in the dry goods business with a Mr. Taplin funder the
name of Crosby & Taplin) at X'lontpeher, in the old brick building
at the corner of Main and State streets. Prior to that time he had
been employed in the bank at Wells River. He was also in the dry
goods business in Boston. He m Mary S. Stevens, b. Barnet, Nov. 5,
1851 ; d. Mav 17, 1884; 1 dau. Marv 'Alice, b Mav 7, 1884-; d. Aug.
9, 1888. He d. Boston ab. 1907.' Alice Crosbv m. Granville L.
Clark, bro. of Capt Charles Clark of the battleship Oregon fame (b.
Bradford, Oct. 20. 18.i0) who is employed by the Government at
Benton Harbor, Mich. George Crosby- m and spent a number of j-ears
in Nebraska where his wife d. ; lives in Boston, is emp as exp. agent
by the Boston & Maine R. R.

2 William, 3 (Andrew, 2 Robert, i) b. June 30, 1800; m. Tryphena Clement of

Barnet.
Children :
i. William Wallace,* res. Loveland, Ohio.

ii. Robert Bruce,* (twin to above), not living.

iii. Miranda,* b. Dec. 27, 1830; m. Thomas Whipple; d. Boston, Mass.,
Feb. 18. 1856.

iv. Edwin Ruthven,* res. Iowa City, Iowa,

V. Martha Jane,* b. Feb. 15, 1838; m. Dan L. Brown; res. Sparta, Wis.

vi. Mary Leslie * b. Feb 15, 1841 , m. Thomas Whipple as 2d w ; d. Welles-
ley. Mass., Feb 2. 1902 3 dau.

vii. Elizibeth W.,* b Sept. 18, 1843 ; m. Dan M. Brown; d. Waltham, Mass.,
April 27, 1879; 2 daus.

ix. Archibald Buch'tn^n,* res. Loveland, Ohio.

3 IW ALTER Miller, 3 (Andrew,2 Robert,i) b. Sept. 15, 1804; farmer in Bar-

net and Newburv; colonel in the old militia about 1834; rem to N.
ab. 1850; he m.'Dec. 20, 1832, Mary, dau. Caleb Wilson of Topsham,
and gr -daughter of Thomas McKeith (b. Topsham, Oct. 10, 1814; d.
xNewbury, April 8, 1896). He d. Newbury, Jan. 8, 1887. Member of
the .Asso. Pres. Ch. Both bur. Town House Cem., Newbury.
Children :
i. Son, b. and d. in Barnet.

ii. Marv Jane. b. Oct 26, 1842; m. April 21, 1866, David J. Peach of New-
bury; d. there, July 30, 1895.

iii. Sarah is m , res. Claremont N H.

iv. Susan; m. Rev. Benjamin Cross of the Baptist Board of Missions ; went
to India as missionaries ab. 1873, and rem. several years, and where
their c. were b. Now res. in Mass.

4 James. 3 (Andrew, 2 Robert, i) b. June 9, 1806; lived inCharlestown, N. H.,and

Springfield, Vt. ; d. Springfield, fulv 27, 1872. He m. 1845, Elizabeth
Jane Leavitt (b. Gilford, N. H., De'c. 17, 1820; d. W. Roxburv, Mass.,
Oct. 16, 1884).
Children :
i. Harriet A.,* b. Feb. 24, 1847; d. Springfield, Vt., Aug. 19, 1872.
ii. Harlan W.,* b. June 30, 1849 ; d. Charlestown, X. H., Oct. 11, 1907.
iii. Henry A.,* b. Sept. 2, 1851 ; d. Boston, March, 1888.
iv. Willis J.,* b Sept. 9. 1853; d. Charlestown N. H.. Alarch 16, 1858.
V. Frank,* b. Sept. 3, 1856; res. W. Roxbury, Mass.
vi. Elizabeth I ,* b. Mav 12, 1859 ; res. W. Roxburv, Mass.
vii. Agnes,* b. Feb. 24, 1862; d. Charlestown, N. H., Aug. 16, 1863.

BROCK.

Walter, came from Glasgow, Scotland, with his familv in 1775; lived in
Ne burv till 1780; removed to Barnet; he m. in Scotland, Janet, dau.
Claudius Stewart; she d. 1798 and hem. 2d, Martha Chamberlin of
Peacham. He lived on the farm where D. Brock lived in 1860 and d.

296 HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VERMONT.

1827. Walter Brock's 1st \v. was a cousin of Jean Stewart who m.
Wm. Nelson 1st. He was called Esq. Brock, and lived at West Bar-
net, and kept the only inn in that vicinity for many years.
Children :
I. Janet, 2 b. Scotland, 1767; m. Col. Alexander Harvey, q. v.
n. John, 2 b. Scotland, 1769; farmer in Barnet; m. Phebe, dau. Job Ab-
bott. 5 chil.

III. Phebe, 2/ m. Alexander Gilchrist of B.

IV. Claudius. 2 No record.

V. Daughter, rem. in Scotland; m. and d. there.
"VI. IsABEL,2 b. New^bury, 1776; m. Wm. Hyndman, q. v.
VII. Walter, 2 b. Newbury, 1778; m. Sally Nutter; lived in Barnet, 9 ch.
1 VIII. James.2 b. Barnet.

IX. Anna, 2 m. John Abbott of B.
X. Janet, 2 m. Hugh Jameson.
XI. William, 2 m. Phebe Spencer. Settled in Canada.
XII. Marion, 2 m. Geo. Nutter of B.

Bv 2d marriage :
XIII. Samuel.2

1 James,2 (Walter.i) b. Barnet; m. 1805, Mary, dau. Job Abbott ; lived in W.

Barnet, except while building mills in Bath, 1810-1812. 11 ch. of
whom Alexander Harvey (2.)

2 Alexander Harvey,3 (James,2 Walter.i) b. Bath, N. H., Jan. 10, 1811;

carpenter ; built barns still standing in Newbury, Ryegate and Barnet,
also the sawmill at Boltonville in 1841 ; bought in 1846 of Wm. Mc-
Phee, the farm in Ryegate, which had been that of Campbell Symes,
where he d May 3,' 1890; he m. March 17, 1842, by Rev. Wm. Prin-
gle, Janet, dau. Robert Gibson, (b. Johnston, .^cot., Oct. 9, 1813; d.
Ryegate, March 30, 1894).
Children :

3 i. Robert Gibson,^ b. June 11. 1843.

ii. Phebe Jane.* b Jan. 7, 1845; m.John H. Symes, q v.

4 iii. David,* b. March 5, 184-7.

iv. Matthew T-,* b. March 6, 1850.

V. John C.,4 b. Aug. 23, 1852.

The two last live on the home farm also own the place formerly owned by the
Symes sisters, Mrs. Tucker and Mrs. Buchanan.

Robert Gibson,* ( \. Harvey. ^ Jas.,2 W'alter,') b. Ryegate. June 11,1843;
ed. Mclndoes Acad. ; served in the Union Army as corporal in Co. F.
15th Vt. ; clerk 1864, '5 for Azro Dutton at Mclndoes; worked in
Whitin Machine Work«, Whitinsville, .Mass., lS65-'72; came to Wells
River, 1872, working for Carpenter & Jones, buying out the former in
1 872, the latter 1878 ; res. Wells River in Co. with his bro. David, in
manufacture of water tubs and house finish ; he m. 1st, Oct. 5, 1867,
Martha Helen, dau. Geo. Rhodes of Rvegate (b. Dec. 26,1846; d.
Sept. 2. 1872). 2d, Nov. 2, 1875, Addie Dorilla Jay of St. Johnsbury
who d. Nov 19, 1883; 3d, July 5, 1906, Mrs, Minnie (Chamberlin)
Duren of Carlisle, Mass. Members of Cong. ch. at Wells River.
Children :
i. Flora Emily.s b. Whitinsville. Mass., Sept. 28, 1868; m. Nov. 29, 1894;

Samuel f''. Goss of Wells River, and res. there,
ii. Alice Janet. 5 b. Whitinsville, Nov. 13, 1871 ; pupil in N. E. Conservatory
of Music; she married Dec. 11, 1895, John H. Morrill of Ashland, N.
H. Ch. Olney Smith, 6 b. Nov. 19, 1896.
By 2d marriage, all b. Wells River:

iii. Frank Dean.s b. Aug. 20, 1876 ; d. April 26, 1875.

GENEALOGY — BROCK. 297

iv. Frederick Harvey, 5 b. April 3, 1880; traveling salesman; res. Wells
River; hem. Aug. 1905, Margaret Beaton of Rvegate. Ch. (1) Rob-
ert Donald. 6 b. March 28, 1906 ; (2) Jean Russell, b. Julv 23, 1907.

V. Herbert Jay,^ b. Nov. 6, 1883: grad. W. R. H. S. ; telephone manager,
Stoneham, Mass ; he m. Edna AlcCord of Boston. Ch. (1) Frederic
H., b. Julv 6, 1906. (2) Richard, b. Jan. 15, 1908: d. Aug. 12, 1908.
(3) Merle, b. Sept. 9, 1909. ( = ) Helen, b. Jan. 19. 1911.

Dayid,4 (A. H..3 Jas.,2 Walter.i) b. March 5, 1847; ed. Mclndoes Acad. ;
bought 1871 of Samuel A. Moore the farm on the w. side of Tickle-
naked Pond which he sold 1S76, to W. T. McLam ; rem. to Wells
River, bought the Hr Trask place; in Co. with his bro. R. G. ; he m.
May 2, 1871. Emily Annette dau Geo. Rhodes, b. Ryegate Members
of Cong ch. Wells River, and Supt. of S. S.
Children :
i. Cora Annette,^ b. Ryegate. Nov. 19, 1872 ; grad. Middlebury Col. ; pre-
ceptress Fome vears of Lvndon Institute; m. Oct. 19, 1903, Prof.
Martin E Daniels of Lvndonville. Ch. Phillip Brock, b. July 16,
1904-.
ii. George Harvey, ^ b. Newbury, March 24, 1877 ; grad. W. R. H. S. ; mes-
senger for Am. Ex Co., bet. Boston and Newport; m. March 15,
1911, Carolyn A. Warden of Boston.

BROCK.

Alden,3 (Jacob, 2 Thomas,!) b Newbury, Jan. 3, 1814; lived in Topsham;
served in the Union army, went to Col. ; he m. March 1 7, 1842, Agnes,
dau. John Somers of R3-egate, who d. 1888.
Children :
i. Louisa, d. 1864.

ii. Reuben, served in the armv, killed at Fredericksburg,
iii. Claudius Alden. b. June I'i, 1844.
i,-. Isabel, b. Aug. 22, 1848; lives in Ryegate.
V. Milo, b. Apr. 1850; m. Leonora Mills.

Claudius Alden,* b. June 12, 1844; in Montana some years; ret. to
Vt. and m. Nov. 29, 1871, Cora A. Butterfield of Topsham, who d.
Nov. 3, 1875; he m. 2d, Sept. 3, 1879, Agnes, dau. Wm. Hunter, and
widow of Lee Somers. They lived in Barnet 3 yrs. ; bought the Moses
Gates place in Rvegate, March, 1882.
Children bv 1st. marriage:
i. Lee C .^ b' Topsham, Nov. 8, 1872.
ii. Cora Helen, ^ b. Topsham, July 8, 1875,

By 2d marriage :
iii. Katherine Mav,^ b. Barnet, June 2, 1880.
iv. Walter.5 b. Rvegate, Aug. 22, 1882.
v. Perlev Milo.s b. Ryegate. Dec. 5. 1884.

vi. Agnes Vida.^ b. R.'Sept. 16, 1887. Stenographer at Worcester, Mass.
vii. Avis Verna Jean,5 b. Mav 21, 1890.
viii. Gertrude Ruth.s b. R. Aug. 19, 1892.

BROWN.

Robert,! from the north of Ireland, of Scotch descent, came to America with
his dau. Mrs. Samuel Allen, in his old age, and lived with her till his
death. His children were Stafford, Jane, who m. Samuel Allen, and
Agnes.

Stafford.2 (Robert,!) b. Parish of Velston, Antrim Co.. Ireland; m. there in
1794, Nancy Houston. He was implicated in the Irish rebellion, and
came to America in 1800, with his family; lived in N. J., and N. Y.,
some vears, then came to R., and settled on the farm owned later by
John Park; he d. 184 0.

298 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children :
i. Mary, 3 b. 1796 ; m. Josiah Rhodes of Groton
1 ii. Robert.sb. 1797.

iii. Agnes, 3 d. in New York.

1 Robert, 3 (Stafford, 2 Robert, i) b. 1797. Came to America with parents

and to Ryegate, where he located on the place now owned by George

R.Brown; carpenter; he m. Aug. 13, 1818, Elizabeth [Betsey], dau.

Ebenezer Heath, (b. March 10, 1798, d. Jan. 7, 1872). He d. Feb. 28,

1872.
Children :
i. William,* b. 1819; carpenter; lived for a time in the house now owned

by J. F. Whitehill at So. R. Rem. to Groton, but ret. to So. R., in

1872, and lived on the home place till d. 1883, bur. Groton; he m.

a dau of Jacob and Sallv (Morrison) Hatch of G., who after his d. m.

Charles Varnum of Peacham, and they lived on the home place some

time; she d. 1910. One ch. George R.^
fi. Nancy,* m. 1st Bradley Plummer of Groton, 5 ch. ; 2d James R. Park of

Ryegate.
iii. Phebe,* (twin to Nancy) ; m Daniel Coffrin of Groton, 6 ch.
iv. Thomas H., b. Jan. 9, 1823.

V. James,* b. m. Chastina Morrison of Groton ; 6 ch. ; carpenter,

vi. Robert.* He was a sailor for some years, m. a lad}- from Glasgow and

settled in Australia ; 6 ch.

2 Thomas H.,* b. Jan. 9, 1823; mechanic; he m. 1845. Lvdia Chandler of

Mercer. Maine. He enlisted, Sept. 20, 1862, for 3 _vrs. in Co. F., U. S.
S. S. and fell in the Wilderness near Spotts3dvania C. H., May 12, 1864 ;
she d. June 5, 1879.
Children :
i. Horace E.,^ b. June 14, 184-8 ; farmer some years on the "Nourse Farm."
in Newburv; he m. Dec. 24, 1 874. Emilv Sulham. Ch., Marv E.,^ b.
Jan. 29, 1876; m. Jan. 18. 1898, Walter Hood, and d. Tune 29, 1908.
Ch. (1) Gladvs L. [Hood], b. Oct. 19, 1898. (2) Clarence [Hood], b.
Nov. 11, 1901.

ii. Warren, 5 b. Oct. 6, 1854; m. 1897, Lizzie Jackson, who d. April 1, 1902.

iii. Carlos H.,^ b. June 24, 1856 ; carpenter and farmer, Newburv Ctr. He
m. July 7, 1891, Emma Corey. Ch., Roscoe C, b. May 3, 1893.

iv. Annette J.,5 b. Feb. 22, 1859; m Sept. 7, 1880, Thomas Courtney (b.
Kenduskeag, Me., June 22, 1850. In granite business over 30 vrs.)
Ch. (1) James Carroll [Courtney] b. April 22, 1882. (2) EHzabeth
Inez [Courtnev],b. June 6,1884; d. Dec. 11, 1889. (3) Thomas Fran-
cis [Courtnev] b. Jan. 21. 1895. (4) John Earl [Courtnev] b. Dec. 18,
1898.

3 George R.,^ (William,* RoVjert.s) b. Dec. 20, 1848; carpenter; m. March

30, 1-871, Ida E., dau. Alonzo and Eliza [Vose] George of Rumney,
N. H.
Children :
i. Cora Bell.s b. Jan. 3, 1875 ; m, Oct. 24, 1892. Geo A. Lackie of Newbury.

Ch. (I) Edith May, b. June 22, 1894. (2) Ali> e R.. b. May 11, 1896.
ii. Hattie May.e b. Feb. 13, 1877; m. Luther B. Crow, q. v.
iii. Frank C, 6 b. Aug. 15, 1881; stone cutter, and farmer; lives on what
was once called the Quint jilace. He m. Ethel, dau. James Gardner
of Newbury.
iv. Blanche J. ,6 b. .March 7, 1887; m. March 9, 1905. Ernest, son of John
and Mary (Plummer) Ingram; stone cutter. Ch. Geo. J., b. Dec. 18,
1905.

GENEALOGY — BUCHANAN. 299

BUCHANAN.*

John, b. Buchanan Parish, Scotland, 174-4; m. Ann Campbell; lived some
years in Glasgow and PaisW ; came to .\merica, 1785; lived two or
three years at Hampstead, N. H., then came here and bought the farm
where Claudius Somers afterwards lived. There was a small clearing
and a log house on the place at the time. Thej' had never heard of fire
flies, and were terrilalv frightened when they saw them for the first
time. Shed. 1817; he' in 1831.
Children all born in Scotland :

Ann, m. Carrick ; 2d Robert Cross.

John, d. un-m. in 1801.

Janet, m. Wm. Somers.

Archibald, was impressed into the British navy, and was a sailor 38 years.
At the taking of the Isle of France he was severeh" wounded. Mr.
Miller remembered his visiting R. about 1840-

Elizabeth, fell upon some burning brush and was burned so she died.

Mabel, her twin sister, m. John Somers.

BUCHANAN.I

Moses Buchanan lived in Barnallan, Baldernock Parish, Sterlingshire, Scot-
land. He m. Lillias Angus, and thev had seven sons and three daugh-
ters Three sons came to America and settled in Ryegate.

1 Walter, 2 the oldest son, b. 1765.

2 Andrew,2 b. March 11, 1770.

3 William. 2

1 Walter, 2 (Moses, i) 1). Scotland, 1765; became to America in ISOO, and

bought land of the Scotch Co., and began to clear the farm where
Wm. N. Gilfillan now lives clearing about luO acres. He m.
1807, Marv. dau. John lohnston (b Scotland. March 1789; d. Aug.
6, 1869). 'He d. May 2-i 184.3. He built about 1835, the house
where his son Andrew long lived. He built the first dam and mill at
Groton Pond. Planted an apple orchard of seven acres.
Children :
i. Infant, 3 b and d. 1808.

ii. Mary, 3 b. Apr. 15. 1810; d. Oct. 24, 189S; m George Lumsden of New-
burv.
Walter,3b. Dec. 1, 1811.
John, 3 b Oct. 1, 1813.
Moses, 3 b 1816; d. 1817.

William, 3 b Aug. 1. 1818; d un-m. March 4, 1892.
Lillias, 3 b. May 1, 1820; m. David Miller,3 q. v.
James,3 b. Feb 16, 1822 ; d. .\pril 16, 1823.
ix. Jane, 3 b. Feb. 17, 1825; m. James Gilfillan.
X. Margaret, 3 b. March 31, 1826: m. May 2, 1854 Samuel W. Clark, q. v.
xi. Moses, 3 b. Dec. 8. 1829; lived in Newbury; m. Dec. 31, 1868, [ane, dau.
Nathaniel Roy of Barnet (b. 1829; d. Alay 23, 1911). He d. Feb. 13,
1904; one dau. Jennie; m. Doane Cook, who d. June, 1905; 6 chil.
6 xii. Andrew.3 b. Oct. 5, 1830.

xiii. James, 3 b. 1835. Went to Cal , then to Texas ; has been lost sight of for
many years.

2 Andrew, 2 (Moses), b. Scotland, March 11, 1770. Came to America in

1801 with James Wallace, the Robens, Robert Fulton who settled in
Newbury, Jean Arbuckle and others. There were 40 in the party.

4

ni.

5

IV.

V.

VI.

vn.

vni,

* By Mr. Mason, t By Mr. Miller, Mrs. Cole, Miss I. L. Buchanan, W. G. Buchanan
and others.

300 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

They came up the river from Hartford in a flat boat run by Joseph
Chamberlin. and reached Newbury on a Sabbath morning, when Col.
Wm. Wallace invited the whole party to his tavern to breakfast.
Their boat was finally tied up to an elm tree still standing on the river
bank at the foot of Ingalls Hill in Newbury.* He bought land of the
Scotch Co., before he left Scotland, and later of John Allen, the farm
where Fred Boardway lives. He m. Aug. 29, 1801, Jean, dau. Mat-
thew Roben (b. May 19, 1783; d. Jan. 18,1862). He d Nov. 17.
1837.

Baldernock, 11th March, 1770.

Moses Buchanan, tenant in Boisale, and Lillias Angus his spouse, had
a son Baptized named Andrew.

Extracted from the Register of Baldernock by Ja-nes Dancan, Sess.
Clerk.

He presented the following church certificate :

That the Bearer, .\ndrew Buchanan, was Born and resided in this par-
ish until the term of Whitsunday, 1797, behavini^ himself soberl_v, Honestly
and unoffensively, free from all public .scandal or ground of Church Censure
known to us, is an ordinary Communicant, and may be received into any
Christian Congregation or isociety where God in his providence shall order
his lot. Is attested at Baldernock this 26th March, 1801.

Jas. Cowper, Minister.

James Duncan. Clerk.

Children all born in Ryegate :
i. Moses, 3 b. March 16, 1805 ; went to Wells River in 1823, and worked for
Timothy Shedd; in 1830 he went into company with Samuel Hutch-
ins as general merchants, in the "Marsh Building," now called the
" Bachop Block," the firm name being Hutch ns& Buchanan till 1851.
Hed. un-m. Julv I. 1859.

ii. Andrew, 3 b Feb. 15, 1807; went into business in Philadelphia, where he
continued about 20yrs; d. June 25, 1863.

iii. James, 3 b. March 9, 18(i9; went to Wells River 1834, and entered the
firm of Hutchins & Buchanan, the firm name bemg Hutchins, Buch-
anan & Co In 1851, he bought out Mr. Hutchins, and his brother
Wm. bought out Moses, the firm name then was J. & W. G. Buchanan,
which continued till his death ; colonel in the old militia ; town rep.
from Newburv, lS45-'46; he m. 1st Sarah Jane, dau. Charles Hale
(b. Feb. 11,' 1819; d. March 21, 1843); 2d, Mrs. EveHne Watson
Mansfield ; he d. June 24, 1867.

iv. Matthew,3 b. Feb. 9, 1811; d July 19, 1854; m. Sarah Fenton Shanks

in Kentucky.
V. Jean. 3 b. March 8, 1813; d. in Kentucky; m. 1st James Gilkerson ; 2d
Daniel Dickenson of Kentucky.

vi. John, 3 b. and bapt. March 6, 1815 ; d. July 3, 1897 ; m. Jennie Birch of
Crab Orchard, Kentucky.

vii. Lillia'^,3 b June 9, 1817; m. Samuel A. Moore, q. v.
viii. Isabel, 3 b. .May 22, 1819; m. Robert Nelson, q. v.

ix. Margaret, 3 b. May 20. 1821 ; m. Archibald Bachop, q. v.

X. Walter.3 b. Feb. 6', 1824; d. Oct. 30, 1873; m. 1st, Dorcas Kincaid; 2d,
her sister Harriet. Lived in Tennessee.
William O., b. Jan. 22, 1828. Went into partnership with his brother
James in 1851. and after the latter's death in 1867, settled the estate.
Res. in Wells River till death. He m. Oct. 11, 1854, Helen, dau. Ira
White (b 1830; d. Oct. 1903). Hed. Jan. 16, 1906. Ch., Kate; m.
F. L. Moore; d. June 14, 1895.
3 William, 2 (VIoses.i) He m. Margaret Winning about 1798, who d. in Scot-
land: he came to Barnet,Nov. 4, 1835, bringing his grandson, Andrew

Information by John Wallace, 1898. F. P. W.

A X 1 1 R K W H V C H A X A N .

DANIKI, U. HICHAXAX.

■"^^^'^ NEW YORK
C: LIBRARY

GENEALOGY — BUCHANAN. 301

Wylie; he m. 2d about 1839, Nancy, dau. Campbell Symes, (b. July
20, 1791 ; d. Apr. 4, 1864). He was an elder in the Ref. Pres. ch. at
So Ryegate from its formation till his death in 1856. He came to
Ryegate ab. 1836.
Children all b. in Scotland :
i. Moses, 3 b. July 10, 1800; d. Bath, N. H , July 10, 1843.
ii. Margaret, 3 b. 1802; d. March 4, 1853 ; m. David Bone. q. v.

iii. Lillias,3 b Aug. 8, 1804; d. Aug. 27, 1880; m. Andrew Wylie of New-
bury,
iv. Mary,3 b. 1806 ; d. March 9, 1883; m. WiUiam Nelson of New-

burv.
V. Ann,3 b. 1819; d. Apr. 17. 1872; m. Archibald Leitch, q. v.

4 Walter, 3 (Walter,2 Moses.i) b. Ryegate, Dec. 1, 1811; lived on the home-

stead after his father's d. Went to Cal. and d. there, Dec. 22, 1875 ;

he m. Jan. 19. 1837, Margaret, dau James Lumsden, (b. Oct. 22,

1815; d.Jan. 28, 1886).
Children :
i. Walter,-! b. Oct. 22, 1837; d. San Jose, Cal., July 12, 1874.
ii. Margaret,* b. Nov. 25. 1839; m. C. B. Fisk, q. v.

7 iii. Marv,*b. Sept. 25, 1841.

8 iv. David,* b. Aug. 10, 1844, q. v.

9 V. Martha,* b. Alarch 23, 1847; m.

vi. Agnes,* b. Aug. 1 , 1849 ; m. George N. Park, q. v.

10 vii. Joseph,* b. May 20, 1S52.
llviii. James,* b. Jan. 24, 1857.

5 JoHN,3 (Walter,2 Moses. i) b. Ryegate. Oct. 1, 1813; went to Boston

about 1834 ; in meat bus. with Nelson Heath. Went to Groton, about
1840. clerk for .Moses Buchanan then in trade with Mr. Whitehill.
In Cal , 1850-'5'2. Ret. to Grotwn and built the store and other build-
ings now occupied bv L. S. Blanchard. In trade there till 1 882, when
he sold to Hill & Cochran. He ni. Jan. 4, 1844. Sophia F. Clark, who
d. Oct 25, 1868, aged 45. He rem. to Wells River 1882, and d. June
20, 1895.
Children :
i. Orange W.,* b. Sept. 12, 1846; d. Apr. 26, 1894.

ii. Adela J.,* b. June 17, 1856; m. Albert H. Baifey of Wells River. (See
Newbury history) .. . . '

6 Andrew,3 (Walter. 2 Moses, i) b. Oct. 5, 1830; common sch. education. Went

to Cal., Oct. 1851; mining in Talumue Co. Ret. 1857; in trade in
Groton, and with John Henderson at W. Barnet. He bought the home
farm in 1862, which he sold to Andrew Gilfillan in 1867, then buying
the farm on which he spent the rest of his life, which was part of his
father's original farm. He m. 1st Oct. 25, 1860, Lydia Maria, dau.
Daniel Roberts of Groton, (b. Feb. 1«37; d. Nov. 1878). Member of
the Ref. Pres. ch., W. Barnet, and in 1864 became member of the Ref.
Pres. ch.. So. Ryegate, in which he was elected a ruling elder in 1889.
He m 2d, 1884, Mrs. Jane Heath Welch, whose dau. Ida Mav. m. C. H.
Grant in 1899, the latter purchasing the farm in 1907. Mr". B. d. Feb.
24, 1910.
Children :
i. Daniel Roberts,* b. Aug. 30, 1863; ed. Peacham Academy, grad. East-
man's Business College, Poughkeepsie. N. Y., 1885. In 1887, became
Prof of mathematics in Tulane High School, New Orleans, La., which
position he held till the abolishment of the High School system. In
banking and insurance, and now treasurer of the firm of Marshall J.
Smith & Co., Marine Insurance, New Orleans. He m. June 22, 1892,
Sadie Brandon, of Bayou Sara, La. Chil. ( 1 ) Lvdia Emerv,^ b.
Mav 17, 1893. (2) Brandon. 5 b. Sept. 14, 1895. (3) Anna,5 b. Oct.
21, '1897. (4) Mary, b. Dec. 26, 1898. (5) Belle, b. Dec. 1, 1901.

302 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ii. Pliny Walter,* b. Sept. 17. 1870; ed. Peacham Acad. Member Rei.
Pres. Ch , So Kvegate, farmer with his father, till death. He in. in.
Concord, N. H.,'l892, Mattie J. Leizer, (b. March 17, 1875). He d.
Jan. 1, 1902. Chil. (1) Andrew Steven, s b. Nov. 2. 1893 ; d. 1894.
(2) Walter Roberts, 5 b. Dec. 5, 1 894-. (3) Harold Clair,5 b. Apr. 1,
1897; d. April 21, 1906. (4) Infant, ^ b. and d. Aug. 1898. (6) Anna
E.5 b. Aug. 11, 1899. (6) Ida Arlene.s b. Oct. 10, lyOl.

Mary,-* (Walter. 3 Walter,2 Moses, i) b. Sept. 25. 1842; m. George F.

Cowderv (b. Newburj^ Vt.. Feb. 18,1835), machinist and blacksmith.
So. Nevvburv, then worked for Paul McKinstrv, Newburv ; now res.
Bradford ; she d. Bradford, Jan. 28, 1907.
Children ;
i. Bell Elmer. 5 [Cowderv], b. Newbury. Alarch 29, 1863; d. Bradford,
March 18, 1869.

ii. Agnes Anna ^ [Cowdery], b. Bradford, Sept. 1. 1864; became a composi-
tor in the Opinion Office, Bradford, worked in several places ; d. sud-
denly, Nov. 25, 1900, at St. Johnsbury while employed in the Caledo-
nian office.

iii. George Franklin, s [Cowderv] b. Bradford, Sept. 9, 1868 ; d. March 9,
1882.

David,* ( Walter,^ \Valter,2 Moses, i) b. .\ug. 10, 1844; went to Boston, April
9, 1864, and entered the employ of the Boston and Worcester R. R.,
which later became part of the "Boston and Albany system rising to
the position of baggage master between New York and Boston, and
passenger conductor. On his retirement, July 31, 1878, he received
letters of warm commendation from W. H. Wallace, Supt. of the Exp.
Co , and from W. H. Barnes, Supt. of the B. & A. R R. He was asso-
ciated with Joseph E. Martin, a native of Wells River, who after-
wards became Asst. Supt. of the N. Y., N. H, & H. R. R. Ret. to R.ve-
gate, 1878, bought part of the W. J. Nelson farm erecting the present
buildings. He m. Alarch 18 1S74. by Rev. John Bole, Martha C,
dau. Wm. J. Nelson; grad. Randolph Normal School, teacher ; member
of Ref. Pres. Ch., So. Ryegate. Instantly killed at Wells River, Oct. 5,
1904 b\' being thrown "from a carriage.
Children :
i. Ida May,5 b. Boston, May 28, 1878 ; m. Wesson Sargent, q. v.

ii. Walter.'s b. Sept. 9, 1885; d in inf.

iii. Eva Nan. 5 b. .Apr. 27, 1887; m. May 24, 1909, Albert .\chilles.

iv. Ina Lou, 5 b. Apr. 24, 1890. The latter has collected and prepared in an
admirable manner, many records of the Buchanan family.

Martha,* (Waiter, 3 Walter,2 Moses,i) b. Ryegate, March 23, 1844 ; lived
with her aunt, .Mrs. Ritchie. Weaver in cotton factory, 2 yrs., at Sun-
cook, N H.; m Jan 18, 1869 at Newbury, by Rev. H.N. Burton,
Henry Ira Hotchkiss of Bradford, Vt , grain dealer (s. of Wm. and
Betse'y [Dow], b. Stratford, N. H ; served in the Civil war in the 38th
Maine; mechanic and inventor, securing several valuable patents.
He d. So. Ryegate, Dec. 5, 1890, bur. in new cemetery; his mother, a
native of Corinth, is still living at Berlin Falls, N. H ) She res. Sher-
man, Cal. ; Pres. W. R. C, at Soldier's Home, Sawtell, Cal. ; joined in
youth the Ref. Pres. (Covenanter) church at Ryegate Corner.
Children:
1. Agnes Georgianna.s [Hotchkiss] b. Berlin Falls, N. H.,Aug. 17, 1870; as-
sistant in P. O.. So. Ryegate, 1885-92; m. Aug. 22. 1892, Henry Han-
cock Randall of Newbury. (In California some time, settling his un-
cle's estate; in 1889. he bought a large farm in Monroe, N. H.; rem.
to Sherman, Cal.. where he d. June 12, 1903.) She m. 2d, at Santa
Barbara, Cal., Willis L. Leach [b. Salt Lake City, while his parents
were en route to Cal.. from Niagara Falls with an ox team. In bus.
Los Angeles. Cal.] Children all by 1st marriage : (1) John Hancock, 6

GENEALOGY— BUCHANAN. 303

[Randall], b. Bradford, Vt., Dec. 2. 1893. (2) Reginald Henry,^ [Ran-
dall], b. Monroe, N. H , Oct. 6, 1898. (3) R. Retta.s [Randall] b.
Sherman, Cal., Jan. 7, 1902.
ii. William Emerson, 5 Hotchkiss, b. Rock Island, P. Q., Feb. 25, 1875; in
Ryegate, 1881-92. in Alontpelier, learned the hardware business with
Barrows and Peck. In Cal. since igoi ; in hardware business at Sher-
man, Cal., also engaged in Y. M. C. A work for R. R. men and in Sun-
day School work connected with the Cong. ch. at that place; m.
Theresa Cross. Ch. Esther .Marie ; b.

Joseph,* (\Valter,3 Walter,2 Moses.i) b. May 20, 1852; went to Rockford,
111.; in real estate, loan and insurance bus. He m. b\- Rev. John Lei-
chenberg at Utica, N. Y., June 16, 1885, Elizabeth Gebhard, (b. Boon-
ville, Oneida Co., N. Y.)
Children :
i. Leah Gebhard.s b. Rockford, Oct. 29, 1887; grad. Rockford High School
and College ; stenographer and bookkeeper in an insurance office at R.
m. Leslie Opie.

ii. Dawn Loretta,^ b. Rockford, Nov. 8, 1890; grad. Rockford High School
and college ; stenographer and clerk for Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. at
R.

James,* ( Walter,3 Walter,2 Moses.i) b. Jan. 24, 1857; res. in So. R. till 1892 ,
began work for the M. & W. R. R. R., 1889, at bridge work; rem. to
Montpelier, Aug. 1892, and worked as a carpenter in the shop ; ret. to
So. R., Aug. 1896, and hved on the Wm. Wilson farm; in Nov. 1879,
he bought the W. H. Page place at the Corner, where he d. June 10,
1905. The place was sold to Albert Achilles. He m. Apr. 27, 1887,
Isabel, dau. M. R. Gray, (b. July 2-4, 1865; d. 1910).

Children :

i. Emily Alice,5 b. R. Sept. 16, 1871 ; d. Montpelier, March 20, 1894.

ii. Walter Grav, b. Montpelier, Oct. 5, 1873.
iii. Arthur David, b. R. March 18 ; d. Aug. 14, 1876.
iv. Bvron Nelson, b. R March 20, 1898.

v. M'arian Isabel, b. R. Apr. 16, 1900.

BURBANK.

(By Mr. Mason, without ch^ge).
Hazen, b. Boscawen. N. H., 1777; came to Peacham, 1798, and m. Hannah

Garland of Barnet in 1805; lived with her parents lOyrs.; came to

Ryegate and bought land on the Passumpsic turnpike of John Duncan,

where both lived in 1860.
Children: Hannah. John and Garland who d. y. Sally, m. Nathaniel

Carter; George, m. Caroline Merrill; Peter, went to sea; Rachel, m.

James Huntington; Margaret, m. Moses Moore; Rufus, m. Abbie

Drake ; .\nnie, m. Harvey Bruce.

CALDWELL.*

James,! b. Kilmalcolm, Scotland, about 1774; his father, who was a gar-
dener, died when James was 16 yrs. old; he came to America and
Ryegate in 1800 ; bought land of Josiah Darling the farm now owned
by Alexander Renfrew, building the older part of that house ; deacon
in the Ass. Pres ch. He m. March 8, 1803, Christian, dau. James
Whitehill, who d. Apr. 6, 1819, and he m. 2d, 1822, Jean, dau. Wm.
Craig, who after his death m. John Renfrew of Newbury. A much
worn pocket Bible, brought from Scotland by James Caldwell is owned
by his gr. son, J. R. Caldwell.

• By Mason, Wilier, J. R. Caldwell, Mrs. John Gates and others.

304 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children :
i. Jean, 2 b. March 3, 1804; m. Alexander,^ Miller, q v.
ii. Mary, 2 b. Oct. 2, 1806; d. July 9, 18:^6

1 iii. James,2 b Dec. 10, 1898.

iv. John, 2 b. Dec. 27, 1810; m. 1st, Dec. 25, 184.2, Jane Keenan. Chil. (1)
Margaret, 3 m. Fletcher Jones; 3ch. (2) Martha Jane.3 d un-m. (3)
Nancy,3 d. un-m. (4-) Matthew, ^ m. Eliza Welch ; 4 ch. John m. 2d,
Mrs. Eliza Noyes, dau. Alexander Holmes (b Rvegate, Sept. 17, 1808;
d. Groton. Oct. 15, 1889 )

2 V. William,2b Jan. 21. 1813

vi. Christian, 2 b Feb. 6, 1815; m John Orr, q v.
vii. Agnes, 2 b. March 29, 1817; m. [ames Holmes, q. v.
viii. Elizabeth,2b Apr. 6, 1819; d. May 27, 1843.
By 2d marriage :

3 ix. Archibald, 2 b. March 7, 1823.

1 James, 2 (James, 1) b Dec. 10, 1808; settled about 1833, in Topsham, on the

farm now owned by his son, James R. He was a well read man of
excellent judgment, and was often called upon to decide matters for
persons who had disagreed. He m 1st, March 14. 1835, Jean. dau.
James Craig (b. Jan. 17, 1809; d. Feb. 21, 1838); 2d. Jan 7, 1841,
Nancy, dau. Joseph Chamberlin (b. Newburv, Jan. 7, 1813; d. Apr. 28,
1904). Members of Ref. Pres ch. Topshani. He d. Aug. 16, 1863.

Children all b. Topsham :
i. Mary, 3 b. Jan 9, 1836; m. Feb. 23, 1860, Gustavus Tebbetts from
Maine, now a prosperous farmer at Neponset, 111. Chil. Henry,
Jennie, Ida, Minnie, Anna She d. May 17, 1911.

By 2d marriage :

4 ii. Joseph, 3 b Dec. 3. 1842.

iii. Eliza 3 b. March 20, 1845 , m. James Lang, q v.

5 iv. James R.,3 b Sept. 3, 1846.

V. -Martin C .3 b. Apr. 22, 1848; Barre Acad., attended Dartmouth Med.
Col . but grad Rush's Med Col.. Chicago ; he d while in practice at
Hershaw, 111., Nov. 20, 1884; he m Susan Ricker of Chicago. Ch.
Hattie Xancv; res. Los Angeles, Cal.
vi. John Preston,3 b June 6, 1852; d Sept 30, 1858.
vii. Eber,3 b. Dec. 12, 1853 ; d. Nov. 9, 1876.

2 William, 2 (James, i^) b. Jan. 21, 1813; farmer, his father gave him the farm

lately owned by Charles Adams. He was m. Jan. 13, 1842, by Rev.

Wm. Pringle, to Margaret, dau. Wm. Orr (b. Nov. 10, 1817; d. May

18, 1882), she d. Apr. 8, 1892.
Children :
i. Jane. 3 b Sept. 28, 18t2; went to Caliornia by sea in 1862, and m. there

John Calvin Dickson, q v
ii. William James, 3 b. June 27, 1847; m. Jan. 24, 1881, Lizzie, dau. Thos.

McKinley. He was a fine musician. One son. Clarence, also a musi-
cian. Res. West Barnet
iii. Sarah Ann. 3 b. Feb. 20, 1850; m Wm. A. Roy of Barnet; went to Cal.,

lived there 30 years, and ret to Ryegate.
iv. Margaret Maria's b. Apr. 28, 1852; m. John Gates, q. v.
v. Julia Etta,3 b. June 25 1855; m. Charles L. Adams, q v.
vi. Henry,3 b June 23, 1857, res. Ryegate.

3 Archibald. 2 (James, i) b. March 7, 1823; lived where Alex Renfrew does; m.

April 23, 1846, Eliza Jane, dau. Moses Gates (b. Dec. 16, 1829;
miller). They went to 111 ; then to Iowa, in 1864, and are dead.
Children :
i. Roxanna,3 b. April 29, 1848; m. March 7, 1872, Charles Aldrich ; rem.

to Page Co , Iowa ; she d.
ii. Alice,3 b Aug. 6, 1853; m June 6, 1871, Dr. Edward Henderson; rem. to

Union Co., Iowa; res in Cal.
iii. Eunice,3 b. Oct. 24, 1857 ; d. un-m.

GENEALOGY— CALDWELL. 305

Joseph Chamberlin.s ( James, 2 James, i) b. Dec. 'A, 1842; physician, educated
at Bovvdoin College, studied surgery in Portland, in practice Buck-
field, Ale., 1870 till death; he was devoted to his profession, had a
very extensive practice, covering a wide region, requiring arduous toil.
Member several years of U. S. board of pension examiners. He fell
dead while attending a patient, June 20,1910. Dr. C. m. 1st, Dec.
29, 1870. Elizabeth P. Manwood of Brunswick, Ale., who d. June 5
1888 ; 2d, 1895, Hattie C. Wyman of Hartford, Me
Children all bv 1 st marriage :

.i. Josie,*b. March 6,1872; m. Sept. 30, 1896, Alfred C.Cole; res. Buck-
field. Ale.

ii. Bessie,-* b. Dec. 9, 1877 ; m. Dec. 13, 1902, Charles P. Buck; res. Traverse
Citv, Alich.

iii. Wilber C ,* b. June 5, 1888 ; res. Buckfield, Me.

James Renwick,3 (James, 2 James, i) b. Sept. 3, 1845; farmer on homestead
in Topsham; town representative— 1898-99; has been chairman of
selectmen 7 yrs. and held other town offices ; elder in Pres. ch ; he m.
1st Jan. 15, 1878, Topsham. Ella, dau. David Vance, who d. July 15,
1893 : 2d, Nov. 14, 1890, Alartha Al. Jones, who d. Oct. 2, 1903.
Children :
i. Rosamond N..* b. Nov. 25, 1878; m. Wm. E. Frost, farmer in Topsham.
Chil. (1) Ralph E. (2) Joseph Roy. (3j Birney. (4) Frederick. (5)
Renwick James. (6) Leslie.

i. Nathan R ,7 b. Alarch 5, 1882 ; grad. Peacham Acad. 1903 ; now in Aledi-
cal College at Burlington.

iii. Joseph C.,4 b. Alarch 14, 1885.

CAAIERON.

John, son of Donald, was b. on the river Spey. in the Highlands of Scotland
in 1761. Came to America about 1780 in a vessel owned, says Air.
Alason, by a Mr. Willie, who was brother-in-law of Gen. John Stark,
and through him Air. Cameron became acquainted with Gen. Stark's
daughter, Elizabeth, whom he m. Nov. 3, 1794 (Town rec.) He
bought of John C. Jones of Boston, the tract mentioned on p. 53,
containing 781% acres for $1562, which was conveyed June 14, 1793.*
Part of this he cleared, but never lived on it. In 1797 he exchanged
200 acres of this for three lots in the center of the town,t where he
built a house, and opened the first store in town, in which he con-
ducted a large business for many years. He was one of the most
prominent men in the county, and widely known. In politics a Dem-
ocrat, he was town representative many years. Councillor 1810-11,
Assistant Judge and Chief Judge of Caledonia County Court. Judge
Cameron was a man of large mental endowment, a ready speaker,
and as far as we can judge, not only well read, but had all his infor-
mation at the service of his memory, so that he could, at any time,
speak on any question in a way to hold the attention of his auditors.
At one time he was wealthy, but met with reverses, and became poor.
He was an ardent admirer of Jefferson and once vowed that his next
child should be called Thomas Jefierson. It proved to be a daughter,
but he kept his word, and she was called "Jeffie," all her life. Many
anecdotes were current about him in earlier years. In religious views
he was a Free Thinker. His house is now that of Wm. Thompson,
•where he d. Alarch 4, 1837; bur. at the Corner. In proportion to
their number the descendants of John Cameron include a larger num-
ber of professional men than those of any other man who ever lived in
Ryegate with the exception of Rev. James Milligan. He m. 1st, Nov.
3, 1794, Elizabeth, dau. Gen. John and EHzabeth ( Page) Stark (b.
Aug. 10, 1771; d. Alay 13, 1813) ; 2d, Feb. 28, 1814, Persis Whitta-
ker, whose mother, Mr. Miller says, was a niece of Gen. Stark.

Town Rec. Vol. II. p. 163. f Vol. II, p. 260-262.

306 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children all b. in R., dates of birth from town records,
i. Archibald, 2 b. Aug. 18, 1795 ; d. Aug. 13, 1798.
ii. Elizabeth, 2 b. March 28, 1797 ; d. Aug. 27, 1798.
•iii. Archibald, 2 b. Jan. 5, 1799 ; d. Nov. 5, 1830.

1 iv. John, 2 b. Sept 28, 1800.

V. Elizabeth, 2 b. July 2, 1802 ; ni. Alexander Harvey, q. v.

2 vi. Thomas Jefferson,2 b. March 13, 1804.

vii. Benjamin P.. 2 b. Aug. 17, 1807; d. Oct. 14. 1814.
viii. Donald, 2 b. Oct. 15, 1809; d. Sept. 12, 1813.
ix. Uz,2 b. 1811 ; m. Susan Farrington ; no rec.

X. Effie,2 b. July 24, 1813 ; m. Wm. Strowbridge, clerk to Alexander Harvey ,
d. Louisville, Ky.
By 2d marriage :
xi. Donald, 2 b. Sept. 30. 1814; teacher; went to California; no record,
xii. Jemima, 2 b. May 8, 1816; m. Foxwell Evans.

xiii. Keziah,2 b. Nov. 25, 1817 ; dressmaker at Lowell, Mass., and late in life
m. Prof Emerson of Dartmouth College and outlived him.

xiv. Karen-happuch,2 b. 1821 ; m. Southey.

XV. Ann, 2 b. Dec. 28, 1822; m. Enoch Harvev, q. v.
xvi. Nathan, 2 b. 1825; d. March, 1837.

1 JoHN,2 * (John,i) b. Sept. 28, 1800; came to maturity during the years of

his father's reverses; engaged in business with great energy; farmer
and drover, accumulated large holdings of land ; colonel in the militia,
and town rep. 1846,1861; gave his chil. a good education and a
financial start in life ; he m 1 st, Dec. 19, 1833, Jane, dau. Wm. Gray, (b.
March 27, 1814; d. Apr. 6, 1860) ; 2d Martha (Dole) wid. of David
Nelson; ret. from bus. and rem. to Mclndoes Falls, Avhere he d. May
17, 1875.
Children all b. in Ryegate ,
i. W'ilHam.s b. 1835; d. Audubon, Iowa, 1890; no ch.

ii. Elizabeth, 3 b. 1837; m. Capt. Prank Williams; res. San Francisco; no
chil.

iii. Isabel R.,3 b. 1839 ; d. Marvsville, Cal.

3 iv. John S.,3 b. March 28, 1841.

2 Thomas Jefferson, 2 called "Jeffie," dau. Judge John Cameron; b. March 13,

1804; m. Jan. 5, 1824, Col. Jacob Blanchard of Peacham (b. Oct. 7,
1789; d. May 7, 1870). Shed. Feb. 8, 1844.
Children all b. in Peacham.
i. Marv,3 [Blanchard] b. Oct. 23, 1824; d. Dec. 27, 1841.

ii. Jchn,3 [Blanchard] b. Nov. 1 ; d. Nov. 12, 1826.

iii. John Cameron, 3 [Blanchard] b. Aug. 18, 1827. Seryed in the army in
the civil war; he m. Oct. 28. 1858, ASbie M. Staples of Wells, Maine;
Res. Peacham; 11 ch. of whom a son is a dentist at White River Junc-
tion. A dau. Mary Elizabeth, m. Dec. 20, 1892, Renwick Wilson of
Peacham. She owns part of Molly Stark's wedding dress. Two sons
grad. Dartmouth College.

iv. Enoch,3 [Blanchard] b. July 4, 1830 ; grad. Dartmouth Coll. 1855, Dart-
mouth Med. Coll. 1857 ; surgeon of the 7th Vt. in the Civil war; he
m. Susan, dau. Dr. Ralph Bugbee of Waterford ; in practice at Minonk,
111 , where he d. March 11, 1887. 2 ch. Jennette and Irene.

v. Elizabeth Stark.s [Blanchard] b. Aug. 18, 1832; d. Nov. 20, 1845.

vi. Nathaniel. 3 [Blanchard] b. March 13, 1835; served 3V2 yrs. in the Civil

war, in the 13th and 27th 111. ; d. at Osceola, 111., Nov. 24, 1864.
vii. Jean. Gray,3 [Blanchard] b. July 11, 1836, d. Feb. 11, 1842.
viii. Flora Merrill,3 [Blanchard], b. Aug. 2, 1840; m. Oct. 2, 1871; Jacob
Trussell \vho served in Co. D, 1st. Vt. Cav. in Civil war; lawyer;
town rep. 1884; she d. Aug. 16, 1886. 2 ch.

• By John C. Cameron

GENEALOGY— CAMERON. 307

John Staek.s (John, 2 John,i) b. R. March 28. 1841 ; educated in common
schools and Newbury Seminary ; grad. Dartuiouth College (Chandler
Scientific Department) 1863. Served in 1862, 4 mos. in the "Dart-
mouth Cavalry," (7th Squadron, R. I. Cavalry) mainly on picket and
scouting duty in Va., in the civil war; entered the engineer corp of the
Boston, Hartford & Erie R. R.. locating the road through Dutchess
Co., N. Y. In 1865, went to Burlington, Iowa, in service of the pres-
ent C. B & Q. R. R., as locating and constructing engineer. In 1867,
appointed chief engineer of Burlington & Cedar Rapids R. R., andcom-
pleted the construction of the road. Engaged in building, financing
and operating different railroads till 1901, when as president and prin-
cipal owner of the Salt Lake Rapid Transit R. R., he sold that prop-
erty-, and retired from active business ; res. New York City. He m.
Jan. 4, 1876, Sarah M. Palmer of Burlington, Iowa.
Children :
i. John Stark,* b. Burlington, Iowa, Dec. 9,1876; ed. at St, Johnsbury
Academy, grad. Yale Univ. 1899 ; now banker in Oklahoma.

ii. Donald P.,i b. Burlington, Iowa, March 6, 1878; ed. at St. Johnsbury
Academy, grad. Yale Univ. (Shefltield Scientific School) 1899. In lum-
ber business, Oregon.

iii. Sarah P.,* b. Denver, Colorado, Jan. 14, 1881; ed. St. Johnsbury Acad.,
Andover, Mass., and Boston.

CANFIELD.

Rev. Charles Keeler, b. Stevensville, Pa., March, 16, 1843 ; served three
yrs. in the Union army in the 141st Pa. Vols. Twice wounded at the
battle of Chancellorsville ; entered Lafayette Coll. and grad. 1870;
Union Theo. Sem. 1873 : ordained Nov. 1873 ; pastor Pres. ch. Bow-
man's Creek, Pa., 1873-'77; pastor at Orangeville, Pa., and princigal
of Orangeville Acad.. 1877-'88; pastor 1st Pres. ch., So. Ryegate,
1888. till death. March 1, 1891 ; town representative, 1890 ; bur. So.
Ryegate; Mrs. Canfield res. at York, Pa.

CARBEE.

JoEL,i from Dedham, Mass., a revolutionary soldier, settled in Newbury
where Charles Anderson lives, before 1779; he d. Feb. 19, 1834; seven
chil., all but one settling in Bath.
Joel, 2 b. April 24, 1795; settled in the Whitelaw neighborhood in R., and m.
Aug. 24, 1823, Dorcas, dau. Hugh Johnson (b, Feb. 23. 1806; d. Jan,
23, 1874.
Children all b. in the house where Willard White now lives :
i. Lois,3 b. Nov. 22, 1824; m. George White, q. v.
ii. Jane,3 b. Sept 22, 1826; d. June 15, 1833.
iii. Sarah, 3 b Dec. 14, 1828; m. David S. Simonds, who d. in Greenfield,

Mass.
iv. Toel,3b. Julv 19, 1831.

V. Mary A. ,3 b. April 8, 1833 ; m. Nov. 15, 1866. as 3d w, Charles H. Bai-
ley, who d. in R.
vi. Jane,3 b. Jan. 14, 1836; m. L. W. Jay of Pittsfield, N. H.; d. at Hook-
sett, N. H.. May 22, 1906.
vii. George,3 b. Sept. 22, 1838 ; d. y.

viii. John F.,3 b. Aug. 7, 1840; served in the civil war enlisting at St. Johns-
bury, in Co. K., 15th Vt. ; he m. Elizabeth Marshall of Wells River;
res. Greenfield, Mass., where she d. May 1906.
ix. Henry C, 3 b. Oct. 13. 1842; served in the civil war in 2d Vt. Battery;

he m. Martha A. Fuller; res. Hooksett, N. H.
X. Francena M.,3 b. April 17, 1848; m. Harvey S. Powers, q. v.

308 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

JoEL,2 (Joel,2) (Joel.i) b. Jul.v 17, 1831 ; m. in Boston, Mass., Apr. 3, 1858,
Maria, dau. Daniel Meader; res. in Rvegate, but d. in Hooksett, N.
H., June 4, 1899; bur. in R. She d. 'Bedford, N. H.,July 22, 1892;
bur. in R.
Children :

Charles C.,* b. Boston, April 3, 1858; res. Ryegate.

Isabel R.,^ b. Ryegate, Jan. 12, 1860; m. James Reid from Granville, Vt.
Ella G., b. Boston, March 31, 1863; m. Charles Crosbv of New York
State,
iv. Everest L.* b. Ryegate, Sept. 28, 1865; m. Aug. 13, 1901, Julia Titus
Cochrane, whose people came from Aberdeen, Scotland, about 1849;
he bought in May, 1873, of Samuel Hancock, the John Reid farm in
Newburv, and moved there. 1 ch. Theron Olin, b. Newbury, May
28, 1902.
V. Lutheria C, b. Ryegate, March 13, 1860; d. March 23, 1871.

CARPENTER.

Lafayette, son of Lafayette and Hannah (Glover) Carpenter, one of 12
chil., b. Corinth, Vt., Sept. 17, 1835; enlisted Sept. 15, 1862, Co. D,
15th Vt.,for 9 mos , but served 10 mos. 21d.; dis. Aug. 5, 1863;
came to Ryegate and bought the John Smith farm, now owned by
George Dunnett. He m. Dec. 15, 1874, Jane, dau. Andrew. Dunnett, q.
V. (b. Peacham, Dec. 21, 1848) ; he d. Dec. 28, 1903; she res. in Rye-
gate.
Children all b, in Ryegate :
i. Christie A , b. Nov. 12, 1875; d. Sept. 25, 1882.

ii. Clara B, b. May 5, 1877; d. Jan 13,1878.

iii. Leola M., b. Nov 9, 1878 ; m. James Craigie, q. v.

iv. Nettie M., b. Nov. 22. 1880; m. Sept. 2, 1903, George R. Beaton.

Y. John Dunnett, b. Oct. 8, 1882. Enlisted for the Spanish war, Sept. 23,
1899, not quite 17; left home for So. Framingham, Mass., Sept. 25,
and for San Francisco, Oct. 13; at Camp Presidio till Nov. 14th,
when they sailed for Manila, arriving there Dec. 14, serving in the
battle of Montaban ; in scout duty, taking prisoners and aided in
making a map of the country ; changed to police force, June 7, 1900;
taken sick and d. Nov. 13, 1900; bur. at So. Ryegate.

CLARK.

Samuel Ward, son of Samuel and Luseba (Ward), b. Royalston, Mass..
Sept. 1 , 1823 ; com. sch. education, was always a reader and student '■
left home and was watchman 8 yrs. for the Smith & Dove Co., And-
over, Mass. Sailed from Boston for Calif. Nov. 22, 1850, sighting
Cape Horn, Jan. 24th, were 10 days rounding the Cape, made theia
first stop of 7 days at Valpariso. reaching San Francisco, Apr. 3,
1851, a voyage of 130 days; worked successfully about two yrs. re-
turning via Panama, crossing the isthmus on the back of a donkey.
In the fall of 1853, he bought the .\lex. Dow farm in Dist Np. 3, on
which he lived about 47 yrs. (That farm house was built 1845 or '46
by Ale.x. Dow ; to this house two brides have been brought, and four
have gone from it ; in it eight children have been born, but there has
never been a death or a funeral in it.) He m. May 2, 1854, by Rev.
J.*M. Beattie, Margaret, dau. Walter and Marv (Johnston) Buchanan
(b. March 31, 1826;,emp. in cotton mill at Lowell, Mass., 1842-54,
still living). Sold his farm, 1901, to Thomas Merrin, and lived at
Groton with his dau Mrs Weld, till his sudden death, in his usual
health, Jan. 26, 1909. Ad. to Ref. Pres. ch. June 18, 1858; ordained
ruling elder, Nov. 10, 1872, holding that office till death. "A man of
strong characteristics, a worthy man."

GENEALOGY — CLARK. 309

Children all b. in Ryegate :
i. Luseba Jane, b. Sept. 5. 1855; m. by Rev. J. M. Beattie, Oct. 2, 1879,
John C. Hood (b. Topsham, March 29, 1854), res. Arlington, Mass.
Ch. Samuel Clark, b. Topsham, July 9, 1880; m. Oct. 6, 1905, Nellie
E. Parmenter of Montpelier ; 3 ch. ; res. in Florida,
ii. Maryette Sophia, b. Aug. 5,1857; m. June 4, 1884, by Rev. C. H. Farns-
worth, James Willson Eastman of Newbury. Ch. (1) Isaac Walter,
b. Apr. i2, 1885; res. Shellbrook, Saskatchewan, Can. (2) Margaret
Etta, b. Nov. 10, 1887. (3) James Willson, b. Aug. 22, 1893. (4)
son. Inf. b. March 6 ; d. March 18. 1896.
iii. Mertie Marie, b. Oct. 27, 1862; m. bv Rev. D. C. Faris, Jan. 26, 1893,
Fuller M. Weld of Groton Ch. (f) Ruth Marie, b. Dec. 16, 1893 ; d.
Sept. 10, 1895. (2) Gladys Irene, b. March 12, 1897.
iv. Margaret Esther, b. March 16, 1869; res. Waverly, Mass.

CHAM BERLIN.

Richard,! in the 4th generation from Richard of England and Braintree
Mass., soldier in the Indian wars, came to Newbury, 1762. He m.
Abigail, dau. Remembrance Wright, and gr. dau. of Capt. Benjamin
Wright, whose diary is given in Chap. I. He d. 1784. 13 chil. He
has had many descendants in Ryegate.

Er,2 (Richard,!) b. Northfield, Mass., June 24, 1744; came to Newbury with
parents. Served in the rev. war in local service. About 1770 he be-
came the 1st settler at Wells River, where he built a sawmill and a
grist mill, his house standing about where Franklin Deming's now
does. According to Mason he came to Ryegate about 1806 having
bought land of Josiah Marsh in the Whitelaw neighborhood, on which
there was some cleared land, a log house and an orchard. He m. 1st,
Fowler, 2d, Mary Wright of Northfield, Mass. He d. in 1831,
and his wife Oct. 8, 1823, aged 61 ; bur. in the Whitelaw cemetery.
Children, not in regular order:

Nicholas, -^ m. March 15. 1792, W'idow Sarah Gates; no record of family.

Rodolphus,3 m. .Abigail Gowing; lived in Newbury, Ryegate and Bath.

Eri,3 m. Betsev Slve.

Hardy, 3 b. Newbury, March 23. 1777; m. Lucretia Clark; kept the toll
bridge at Wells River many years, and his daughters after him ; he d.
May 26, 1850.

Sarah, 3 m. Titus; 2d, Moulton; has descendants in Lisbon,

N. H.

Stephen, 3 m. Prudence Poor.

Dudley, 3 m. Hannah ; lived in R. The births of two chl. are 're-

corded : Lucinda, b. Nov. 15, 1809; Abigail, b. Dec. 15. 1811.
By 2d marriage :

Fanny, 3 m. James F. Drake.

Electa,3 m. Sept. 30, 1813, by Robert Whitelaw. Daniel Miles.

Sophila,3 never m.

Elsie, 3 m. Peter Gilchrist ; lived where James Guthrie does ; has a son John in
Newbury.

Reuben. 3

Anna. 3

Mr. Miller says there were 18 children.

Reuben, 3 (Er,2 Richard,!) b. Newbury, about 1792 ; lived]|[in Ryegate and
Barnet ; d. in R. about 1883 ; he m. Martha Sanborn of Lyman, who d.

1865, aged ab. 69.
Children :
i. d in infancy.

ii. Maria,* m. 1st. ab. 1862. Chauncey Alden of Barnet ; lived in Ryegate;
2d, Robert Dick of Bath ; no ch.'

310 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

2 iii. Eri G.,*b. March 16, 1825.

3 iv. Solomon, b. April 25, 1827.

V. John, d. y.

vi. James, went to Cal., ret ; m, Emily B. Parker of Lowell, Vt. ; lived at
Mclndoes a year or more, when they went to Cal. where 4 ch, were
b. He d. there and she ret. to Yt., with her family.
vii. Phebe, d. when 20 or more.

4 viii. Reuben, b. Sept. 4, 1836.

ix. Mary, m. George S. Trask, q. v.

2 Eri Going,* (Reuben, s Et,- Richard^) b. March 16, 1825; farmer in Ryegate;

m. Nov. 12, 1850, Eliza J., dau. Welbe Butterlield of Topsham ; he d.
June 30, 1898.
Children :
i. Laura Jane. 5 b. Nov. 22, 1851; m. July 25, 1872, M. Carleton Rodgers ;
res. Mclndoes, Vt. ; one son, Bradley Carleton,*' [Rodgers], b. April
14, 1874; grad. Dartmouth Coll.. teacher in Wayland, Mass., High
School. He m. July 15, 1900, Grace Ladd Aiken; ch. Laura Jean,7 b.
March 24, 1906.
ii. Frances Lorinda.5 b. June 28, 1854; m. Jan. 29, 1872. Abbott Clarence
Collins, who d. 1902; one dau. Ruth, who d. at birth. She m. 2d,
Aug. 2, 19(t5, Frederick John Lvon: res. Mclndoes, Vt.
iii. Henry Welbe.s b. July 2, 1856; rn. Dec. 6, 1888, Lizzie Williams; he d.
May 13, 1900. Ch. Henrv W.,6student inWashington Univ., Seattle,
Wash.
4 Reuben,* (Reuben,3 Er,2 Richard, i) b. Barnet,Sept. 4, 1836 ; went to Cal. ab.
1855; ret. to Ryegate, 1890; farmer. He m. in Reno, Nevada. 1874,
by Rev. J. H. Poor, Frances A. Robinson, (b. Manchester. Eng.,
March 10, 1857).
Children;
i. George Reuben, 5 b. Long Valley, Lassen Co., Cal., May 30. 1875; m.
Hattie McDonald Chil. (1) Moverette Frances 6 Riverdale, N. H.,
July 5, (2) Myrtie Lucinda,<5 b. Riverdale, N. H.. (3)

Herman George.^ b. Peachani, Vt., Julv 18, 1905. (4) Ervin James, ^
b. Peacham, Dec. 18. 1906.
ii. Mae Josephine, 5 b. Truckee, Cal., Dec. 13, 1876.
iii. Fred Hines.s b. Long Valley, Sept. 29. 1878.
iv. Dora Belle,5 b. Long Vallev. June 9, 1880.

V. Charles Ellis,5 b. Long Vallev, Nov. 28. 1882; m. Irena McLaren,
vi. Lottie Pearl 5 b. Loyalton, Sierra Co., Cal., Dec. 13, 1884; m. Elmer W.

Chamberlin, q. v.
vii. Clarence Elmer,^ b. Honey Lake Valley, Lassen Co , Cal., May 7, 1886;

m. Hazel Welch,
viii. Ira J. ,5 b. Honev Lake, Feb. 26, 1888; m. Eva Belle Wallace. Ch. Edith
Frances, b. Nov. 24, 1910.
ix. Lewis Winfield. 5 b. Rvegate, June 23, 1890.
X. Harry Bradley,^ b. Ryegate, Dec. 14, 1891.
xi. Cora' Frances, 5 b. Ryegate, Aug. 11, 1893.
xii. Harley John Lee,5 b. Mclndoes, March 22. 1897.

3 Solomon,* (Reuben, 3 Eri. 2 Richard, i) b. Ryegate, April 25, 1827. Went to

Cal. in 1850, was there two years; bought in 1856 the farm of Wm.
Pollard, where he spent his life; built the present house 1879; the
large barn, built 1872, was burned by lightning and rebuilt; town
rep. 1892 ; selectman four years. He m. Nov. 20, 1856, by Rev. Archi-
bald Renfrew, Martha, dau. Wm. McColl; members of Cong. ch. at
Mclndoes; he d. Oct. 8, 1906; bur. at Mclndoes.
Children :
i. Lizzie Evelyn,5 b. Dec. 3, 1857; m. April 189 L, Rev. Wm. Perley White,
(b. W. Peabody, Mass., Sept. 17, 1851) ; worked in shoe shops at
Lynn, till he was converted, when he entered the Methodist ministry;

S. CHAM BERLIN.

THOS O. BEATTIE.

BENJ. MANCHESTER.

LUTHER MANCHESTER,

GENEALOGY— CHAMBERLIN. 311

was a member of the N. H. Conference, had several charges, among
them Haverhill, N H. He m. 1st. Jennie Ward of Andover, Mass. 4
ch.— 2 living. By 2d m. Alice, ^ and Howard. 6 He d. Moultonboro,
N. H.. Sept. 19, 1909.
ii. Frank Herbert,3 b. Aug. 2, 1859; d in Calif, Dec. 28, 1902.

iii. Elmer \V., 3 b. June 15, 1862; went to Iowa, 1883, and m. there Bessie
Mabel Lewis. Ch. (l)d. ininf. (2) Freda Beatrice, e d. at 7 mos.
(3) Mabel Be-^sie.e b. Feb. 19, 1 898 ; her mother d. when she was a few
days old, and she lives with her grandmother. He m 2d, Lottie
Pearl, 5 dau. Reuben Chamherlin. Chil. (4) Robert Elmer.^ b. Sept.
28. 1905; (5) Wilmot McColl.e b Jan. 28, 1907. (6) Percy Alexan-
der,6 b. April 10, 190S. (7) Theda Pearl, e b. Feb. 1. 1911.

iv. Merton Harris,^ b. July 4, 1868 ; d. Dec. 7, 1889 of La Grippe, one of the

1st cases in R.
V. Horace P., 5 b. Aug. 17,1870; farmer on homestead; m. June 5,1897,
Mabel Louise, dau. Wm. and Louisa [Clark] Folsom of Hardwick, Vt.
Ch. (l)d. ininf (2) Dale Solomon, 6 b Julv 18, 1904. (3) Scott
Folsom,6 b. Feb. 17, 1906. (4) Perley Horace, b. Sept. 22, 1908.

Alyin,4 (Tural T.,3 Benjamin, 2 Richard, i) b. 1818 ; m. 1st, Sarah, dau. James,2
Hall (b. Aug. 30. 1818; d. .March 31, 1860) ; 2d, Jan. 16, 1863, Louisa,
dau. Chas. Webber of Newbury, by whom he had several chil. ; farmer
in Whitelaw neighborhood ; he d.
Chil. by 1st. m. b. in Ryegate :
i. James A., 5 served in the 4th Vt., in the Civil War.
ii. Albert. 5

iii. Alden,5 served in the Union army in the Civil War, and d. of wounds.

iv. Carlos, 5 b. July 17, 1852 ; enlisted in the U. S. Cavalry, Nov. 3, 1875, in
Boston; stationed at Fort Cheyenne ; was in three battles with the
Indians, and several skirmishes ; pro. Orderly Sergeant ; dis. Nov. 3,
1880; d. Ryegate, Sept. 23, 1883.

CLOUGH.

Samuel,! b. England; came to Dracut, Mass.; m. Rebecca Hibbard; came to
Newbury; had several chil. of whom were Samuel, Asa. and Dorcas
whom. Jan. 17, 1811, Warren Evans of Newbury ; in Whitelaw's
map of the Boston and Montreal turnpike, 1807, his house at Wells
River is indicated as standing where that of the late Col. Erastus
Baldwin now stands.
Samuel,2 (Samuel, 1) b. in Mass., came to NewVmr^- with parents, and to Rye*
gate ab. 1807, when he bought land of Jonathan Gates, where his son
John D., lived after him. He m. Dec. 18, 1806. Ruth, dau. John Slye ;
d. ab. 1828, and bur. in the Whitelaw cem : she d. ab. 1860, wMth her
son Bailey, in Eaton. C. E. and bur. there.
Children :
i. Bayley,3 b. March 6, 1807; m. Phebe Williams; rem. to Canada,
ii. Maria, 3 b. March 2, 1808; m. Soloman Sherburn.
iii. Susan, 3 b. Oct. 24, 1810; m Albert Philbrick of Claremont, N. H.
iv. John Slye,3 b. Jan. 20, 1812.

The above from town rec Mr. Mason has in addition :
Albert, 3 m. Charlotte Olmstead.
Lucy. 3 m. Joseph D. Godfrey ; both d. 1860.
Amelia, 3 who m. Edwin Grose.
David, 3 and Jane, 3 who d. at 13.
ASA,2 (Samuel,!) b. Draeut Mass. Oct. 8. 1787; came to Newbury with par-
ents, and to R. while a young man ; farmer and carpenter, building
several houses ; lived on the road turning n. e. near A. M. Whitelaw's
next the Slye farm He was a drummer in the old militia, and one of
the drum corps which escorted Josiah Burnham from Haverhill jail to

312 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

the gallows, Aug. 12, 1806. By his 1st m. he had 3 sons, Samuel,
Charles and Edward, and 2 dau's, one named Rebecca, all of whom
went to Wis. He ni, 2d in R3-egate, Anna, dau. Samuel and Rhoda
Stevens of Barnet.
Children :
i. Eliza McLaren,-* b. Oct. 21. 1829 ; m. Charles W. Savage, q.v.
ii. Charlotte,* b. June 20, 1832; educated Newbury Seminary ; went to Wis-
consin as a teacher in 1S64-. at Waneka and Eau Claire; went south
and was connected with the Freedman's Aid bureau till after the war.
She m. 1867, at Bellefontaine, Wis., Henry F. Langdell of Amy. 5
chil. She was prominent in church and temperance work ; d. Feb. 4,
1909.
1 John Slye,^ (Samuel, 2 Samuel, i) b. Jan 20, 1812; farmer on homestead; he
m. 1st 1843. Marv C. Nott, (b. Montreal, came to Bradford; shed.
Jan. 16. 1860). 2nd, Nov. 1, 1865, Pollv (Stevens) Chil by 1st m.,
Ellen Jane,* b. Oct. 23, 184-5 , m. '- lived and d. in Hartford, Ct.

COBURN.

JoNATHA.N. b. Winchester, N. H., 1785; came to Lyndon with his parents
when 5 years old; m. in 1806, Rhoda, dau Samuel Stevens; came to
Ryegate, 1808 and bought the farm south of Coburn Pond where he
d.'jan. 3, 1860; she d. March 19, 1862; bur. at Ryegate Corner. He
was for many years an elder and prominent member of the Ref. Pres.
ch. at' whe Corner and was considered a most worthy man.

"E^ J .IS dea .'."the church sustained a great loss, where as an elder he was an
.^Live, zealous, and faithful office bearer for forty years, a peacemaker,
and a man of comprehensive benevolence "

Rev. J. M. Beattie, in Miss Hemenway's Gaz.

Jonathan 1 None of his descendants reside in this vicinity.

Children :
i. Rhoda, b. Jan. 14.. 1813; m. Jan. 23, 1828, Wm. B. Page
ii. Marv, b .4ug. 22, 1818; m. Dec. 31, 1840, Samuel A. Newton of Water-
ford
iii. Agnes Eliza, b. July 20. 1822; m. John F. Beattie, Montgomery, N. Y.,

bro. of Rev. J. M. Beattie.
iv. Lydia Margaret.

COCHRAN.

"This family is one of great antiquity in Scotland having possessed its lands
in Renfrewshire above five hundred years. The name is traced back
to the reign oi Alexander HI ( 1263-1296). In 1367 William Cochran
obtained from Robert II a charter ot the barony of Cochran, which is
s'ill the seat of the family, and the old manor house is still [1782]
partlv standing. The house and barony of Cochran are opi)osite to
the village of Johnston, upon the south side of the river."
Description ot the Shire of Renfrew by Crawford and Semple, Paisley,
1782, pp 251-255.

This work elsewhere says that several branches of the family lived
in that vicinity, where Alexander, 1 who came to R^-egate in 1802, was
born in 1776 He bought Lot .\o 7. in Range No. 6, North Division,
of V^ illiam Nelson of New York, by his agent, James Whitelaw. This
farm he began to clear, and built a log house. In 1805 while alone,
he was severely injured by the falling of a tree, when half a mile from
the nearest house. He was rescued by James Goodwin, who heard
his call for help, and taken to Capt. John Gray's where he boarded.
He was nursed there by a young widow, Mrs. Ann Neilson Peden,

GENEALOGY — COCHRAN. 313

daughter of James Neilson of Erskine, Scotland, and widow of John
Peden of Paisley, who had been a soldier. She was born at Erskine
in 1769, and m. Mr Peden in 1803. They came at once to Ryegate to
care for her aunt, the widow of John Ritchie, q. v. Mr. Peden did not
like farming and they went to Hartford, Conn., and he became a clerk
in a mercantile house, where he died of yellow fever His widow re-
turned to Ryegate on horseback, with only a little boy for a compan-
ion and came to Capt. Gray's where Mrs. Ritchie also lived.

Alexander Cochran and Mrs. Peden were m. by Rev. David Good-
willie, Aug. 19, 1806. They continued clearing their farm, and built a
second log house, and a framed house, where the present buildings
stand. Mr. Cochran died of spotted fever March 5, 1815, in his 40th
year. His widow, with three small children, with indomitable energy,
finished clearing the farm, and erected new buildings. In 1821 she
built the present house. She was a woman of remarkable activity,
and lived to see the reward of her labors. Admitted to the Associate
Church, June 27, 1806. She d. May 14, 1842.

Children :
I. Daughter, 2 d. in infancy.
II.' Ja.\et,2 b. Sept. 5, 1809 ; m. Daniel Wormwood, q. v.

III. RoBERT,2 b. Jan. 5, 1812.

IV. Elizabeth, 2 b. Jan. 27, 1814; ni. James Thomas, q. v.

Robert, 2 ( Alexander, i) b. Jan. 5. 1812; farmer on homestead; captain in the
militia; town representative, 1849, '50, holding Oeuer town offices;
united with the Ref Pres. Ch., South Ryegate; elected an ler but
declined to serve. In 1875 he with others organizea J"^ 1st .esbyte-
rian church, in which he was elected a deacon. He m. 1st March 27,
1834, by Rev. Wm. Pringle, Jane, dau. Archibald Park (b. Sept. 8,
1810; d. Oct. 28, 1862.)' He m. 2d Dec. 7, 1871, Janet Wallace, dau.
Wm. Nelson, 2d (b. May 1, 1825;) d. 1888. He d Nov. 20, 1876.
Children :
i. Alexander,3 b. May 21, 1835.
ii. Archibald, 3 b. Sept. 2, 1836 ; d. May 27, 1863.

iii. Margaret Ann,3 b. Nov. 20, 1837.

iv. Jane R.3 b. Feb. 11. 1839 ; d. Feb. 25, 1841.
V. George,3 b. Jan. 30, 1841.

vi. Luthera.3 b. May 14, 1843 ; m. Dr. J. W. Gregg, q. v.

vii. Silas Wright,3 b. June 21, 1845.

viii. Lewis Robert, 3 b. Oct. 25, 1848; d. of typhoid fever, Oct 28, 1862. He
was taken sick at the same hour with his mother, died at the same
hour, and was buried in the same grave.

ix. John Nelson, 3 b. March 5, 1851 ; d. in 111., Aug. 5, 1882.

Alexa.nder,3 (Robert, 2 Alexander,^) b. May 21, 1835; ed. at common school
and Newbury- Seminar^' ; dealt in farm stock and produce. In 1865
he bought out George Cowles, and was in business in the "Old Corner
Store," till 1889 as a general merchant ; was also town clerk, town
treasurer, and postmaster for 23 successive years, holding the office of
Justice of the Peace, in 1882, he became partner with his brother-in-
law, Hon. T. B. Hall, as general merchants at Groton, removing there
in 1 889, having sold his mercantile business in Ryegate to John A.
McLam. At Groton. in mercantile and other business, till 1906, when
they rem. to Wells River In 1904, the firm of Hall & Cochran sold
out to Blanchard & Hook. He furnished money and supplies for the
Blue Movintain Granite Companv in Ryegate. till their failure in 1892,
when he ^vas compelled to assume the ownership of that property.
Elected a director in the National Bank of Newbury, 1879, and now
vice-president ; also a director in the Merchants National Bank at St

314 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Johnsbury, and in the Capital Savings Bank at Montpelier, also a
director in the Montpelier & Wells River R. R. Member several years
of the State Democratic Committee for Caledonia Co.. democratic can-
didate for senator, and for state treasurer, and in 1910 for representa-
tive to Congress ; delegate to the National Democratic convention of
1892; town representative from Groton, 1896. Has been largely
employed in the settlement of estates, and other business requiring
tact, integrity and experience.

He m. Sefjt. 20, 1866, Theresa, dau. Hon. Isaac N. Hall of Groton.
Mr. Cochran has been ably assisted b3' his wife, who possesses unusual
ability, culture and refinement, and is active in temperance work.
Members of the Methodist church at Groton, in which both are stew-
ards. During the World's Columbian Exhibition at Chicago, 1893,
Mrs. Cochran was Alternate Lady Manager, and acted as Principal,
in the absence of the Manager. Mr. Cochran is extensively engaged
in lumbering operations in Canada as well as nearer home, and is one
of the prominent business men in the state.
Children all born in Rvegate :
i. Robert Newton,* b. Sept. 13, 1869; d. June 12, 1871.

ii. Josephine Elizabeth,* b. June 9, 1872; m. June 6, 1894, Daniel F.Clark, a
native of Groton ; P. 0. inspector; res. Harrisburg, Pa. ; d. there Dec.
23, 1908; bur. Groton. Cli. Daniel Robert, b. April 29. 1907.

iii. Gertrude,* b. Jan. 8, 1877; m. Jan. 8, 1901, Howard M. Fletcher, City
Passenger Agent for the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe R. R.; res.
in Boston. 1 ch. Alexander C, b. May 25, 1910.

iv. Theresa Jean.* b May 25, 1881; grad. Smith Coll., 1903; m. at Wells
River, lune 30, 1908, Horace White Armstrong of Evanston, 111., con-
nected with the firm of Read, Murdock & Co., Chicago. Ch. (1)
Frank H., b. April 6, 1910. (2) Jean, b. June 5, 1911.

3 Margaret A.nn,3 (Robert.2 Alexander,i) b. Nov. 20, 1837; m. Jan. 15, 1866,

Charles T. Metcalf (b. Piermont, N. H., Aug. 26, 1836.) They lived in

Piermont, but rem. in 1868, to Nunda, N. Y., where she d. June 12,

1872; bur. in Ryegate. He d. at Nunda, Dec. 12, 1876, and bur.

there
Children :
i. Katie Jane,* [Metcalf,] b. Piermont, June, 6, 1867 ; d. there Jan. 8, 1868,

bur. in R.
ii. Edith Jerusha,* [Metcalf,] b. Nunda, N. Y., Nov. 23, 1868; d. there April

29, 1872; bur. in R.
iii. Lewis Charles,* [Metcalf,] b. N. May 27, 1872 ; res. Attica, N. Y., printer.

He m. at Perry, N. Y., June 4. 1902, Maude A. Tallman. Ch. Charles

T., b. Attica, N. Y., May 8, 1903.

4 George, 3 (Robert, 2 Alexander.!) b. Jan. 30, 1841. In the water business at

San Francisco, 1862-'65; farmer on the homestead since 1868, where
the first of the family settled, now a farm of 400 acres; democrat in
politics; town representative, 1884. Has held nearly every town
office. Master of Blue Mountain Grange, chairman of the board of
deacons and treasurer of the 1st Presbyterian church, and one of the
trustees of Wells River Savings Bank. His farm is one of the largest
in Caledonia Co., lying high upon the southern slope of Blue Moun-
tain one of the few in town which have been in the same family for
more than a century. The house, built by his grandmother in 1821,
repaired and remodeled in 1906, contains many relics of old times,
and is adorned by the hand and taste of Mrs. Cochran. He m. Jan.
12. 1870. t>y Hev. .M. B. Bradford of Mclndoes, Sarah Addie, dau. of
Maj. Thomas Nelson.
Children :

i. Susie .M..* b June 30, 1873: m Sept. 13, 1892, Albert E. Hall, q v.

ii. Nelson G..*b. lune 20, 1879; farmer with his father. He, m Aug. 30,
1904, Edith L., dau. Dean S., and Lois E. TurnbuU of S'omerville, St.

ALEXANDER COCHRAN, ES^. MRS. THERESA HALL COCHRAN.

GEORGE COCHRAN, ESO.

MRS. ADUn-: .NELSON COCHRAN.

,wwrosf

GENEALOGY — COCHRAN. 315

Lawrence Co.. N. Y., (b. Wegatchie, N. Y., Nov. 4, 1885). Ch. (1)
George Dean,^ b Ryegate, April 6, 1906, representing the 5th genera-
tion on the homestead. (2) Adaline Eloise, b. June 15, 1908. (3) Lois
Sylvia, b. Feb. 20, 1911.

Silas Wright. 3 (Robert,2 Alexander.i) b. Tune 21, 1845. Went west in 1867,
engaged in railroad construction over 30 yrs. and carried on some
very extensive work. In 1892 he constructed over 200 miles of rail-
road in Georgia and Alabama, the Alabama Midland, R. R.,from Bain-
bridge, Ga., to Montgomery, Ala. This was built in twelve months.
The contractors furnished all the material except the steel rails, and
did all the -work — grading, bridging, track laying, station, water
tanks, section houses and cotton platforms. The contract amounted
to one million, five hundred thousand dollars. Ret. from bus. Res.
Independence, Kan. He m. Sept. 7, 1871, Eliza Jane. dau. Maj.
Thomas McKibben, paymaster in the army, and an intimate friend of
President Lincoln.
Children :
i. Robert T.,-* b. June 22, 1872 ; in real estate bus., Los Angeles, Cal.

ii. Frank,"^ b. June 15, 1874 ; connected with large hotel at Nashville, Tenn.
d. March 4, 1910.

iii. Harry,* b. Aug. 19, 1876 ; in real estate bus., St. Louis.

COLBURN.

Ellis, b. Shewsburv, Vt. ; m. Lucy, dau. Hezekiah Wetherbee (b. Grafton, Vt.,
Dec. 12, 1855; d. Walpole Mass., Feb. 1, 1872 ) They came to New-
bury 1843 and bought the farm of Josiah Quint, near Boltonville,
where he d. Dec. 12, 1855. This farm was sold to Leander Quint ab.
1863.
Children :
Elizabeth, b. Shewsbury, Vt., Aug. 7, 1822; m. Granville C. Meader,

q. V.
Charlotte, b. Dec. 21, 1823; d. Nov. 17, 1848, while attending Normal

school at W. Newton, Mass.
Julius, b. June 1, 1825; d. Dec. 21, 1832.

iv. Emily, b. May 21, 1827; teacher; m Rev. Samuel L Eastman; shed.
Erie, Mich., Aug. 5. 1862.

V. Dwight, b.Jan. 22, 1829,d. July 9, 1832.

vi. Everett, b. Nov. 26, 1830; went to Kansas, 1856; served in civil war in
Co. G. 11th Kansas reg. Deacon in Baptist ch. at Manhattan. He
m June 22, 1865, Eliza A. Parish, who d. 1884; he d. Sept. 10, 1874.
One son, Edgar B.

vii. Hepzibah A., b. Nov. 16, 1832; m. March 28, 1857, Wm. S. Johnson of
Bath. She d. at home of her dau. Mrs. Nutting at Auburn, N. H.,
July 10, 1908. Chil. (1) Martha C, b. Bath, Mav 21, 1858; m. 1st,
G. P. Wilson, who d. 1888; one dau. Marv A., b. Julv 14, 1878; m.
Oct. 1899, Arthur W. Crosbv of Manchester, N. H. (J) WiUard J., b,
Julv 13, 1859; d. Woodsville, June 14, 1907. (3) Mary C, b. New-
bury, Sept. 3, 1861; m. Dec. 31, 1887, Arthur J. Nutting of Manches-
ter, N. H. Ch., Genevieve, b. Jan. 18, 1889.

nii. Cynthia, b. Oct. 23, 1834; teacher in Kansas, before the Civil war; res.
South Ryegate.

ix. Edgar, b. Alarch 7, 1836; d. at Soldier's Home, Boston, from disease con-
tracted in the armv.
X. Ellen A., b. March 17^^ 1839 ; res. South Ryegate.

xi. Mary C, b. June 21, 1841.

COLLINS.

Rev. Franklin A., b. No. Shanango. Crawford Co., Penn., Feb. 2."^, 1864. His
gr. gr. grandfather, Isaac Wright Collins, (b England, 1775,) came to
America in early manhood, settled first in Mifflin Co., Penn., later,

316 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

with two bros. and a four horse team, pushed his way across the Alle-
ghanies, and up Beaver River to the head waters of the Shenango,
where he was one of the first settlers in 1802 taking part in the war
of 1812. His gr. father, Isaiah Collins, the 1st white ch. b. in the new
settlement, became a skillful hunter, and was elder, precentor and clerk
in the noted pioneer Seceder church of Shenango. His father, John S.
Collins, was like all the family, possessed of great musical ability.
The latter ni. Clara M. Stevens of sterling Mass., and Conn, ances-
try, a lady of unusual intellectual ability. Her father was a brave
and able captain in the lake service, and her gr. father a revolutionary
soldier.

Rev F.A.Collins grad. Alleghany Coll., Meadville, Penn., 1894;
in 1895, he was settled as pastor of the United Presbyterian church
in Ryegate, resigning in 1904- ; did gradi:ate work in the Psychology
of Religion in Chicago Univ., five yrs. pastor of the Un. Pres. Ch , at
West Charlton, Saratoga Co., N. Y., and now pastor of the Un. Pres.
Ch. at Greensboro, Vt. He m. May 1, 1895, Cannie Letha, dau. Prof.
James H. Dickey of Pittsburg, Penn. The latter was a teacher over
50 yrs. An uncle. Rev. W. W. Barr, D. D., of Philadelphia, was for
many 3-ears Cor. Sec. of the Board of Foreign Missions for the Un.
Pres. Ch. ; a sister, .Miss Cora B. Dickey was eight yrs. a missionary in
Egypt, and another sister, Mrs. M. A. Martin, has for several years,
had charge of the Press Bureau for the Chapman-Alexander evangel-
istic work. Air. Collins' experience as an active worker in a large
church, his musical talent, devotion to the \vork, and winning person-
ality have aided their success and in their pastorate in R. they had
the pleasure of seeing their church recognized as the banner congrega-
tion of the state for missionary contributions. Chil. Esther Jane,
Franklin A., Jr., and Mary Wright, who are deceased, and Letha Ruth
who is living.

COWLES.*

I. JoH.N, b. ab. 1598, supposed to have come from the west of Eng. ; in

Hartford. Ct., 1636, Farmington, 1640, Hadley, 1659; settled finally

in Hatfield. 1660, where he d. and where his homestead rem. in the

family till 1898. 7 chil.

n. Sa.muel, b. 1639; res in Farmington, Ct. ; m. Abigail, dau. Timothy

Stanley from County of Kent, Eng ; he d. April 17, 1691.
in. Joseph, b. Jan. 13, 1695; m. Marv Goodwin; res. in E. Hartford; d.

Feb. 20, 1775.
IV. Abijah, b Aug. 10, 1735; ni. 1763, Martha Smith; res. E. Hartford; d.
Dec. 10, 1782,
V. Timothy, b. E. Hartford July 18, 1777; rem. to Marshfleld, Vt., ab.
1301—02; to Peacham, 1808, where he was a hatter for many years,
in which he was succeded by his sons, Timothy and John; he m. 1803,
Susan Fairchild. 11 ch., 8 sons, 3 dau's. Only one now living.
VII. George,! b. Peacham, Sept. 27, 1809; m. Aug. 24. 1836, Mary Brad-
ley of Peacham. Came to R. 1835, and went into business as a
general country- merchant in the "Old Corner Store." In Jan. 1838,
his bro. James rem. from Peacham and became partner in the business,
at which time they rec'd a deed from Alexander Harvey of the store
and home lot extending to the cemetery. James retired from the part-
nership Oct. 26 1844. and rem. successivelv to Maidstone and Mor-
gan, Vt., Rockford, 111., and Palmer. Mass.^ where he d. Oct 6, 1897,
He m. Katharine, dau. Gov. John Mattocks. 3 ch all dead. One son
d. in early manhood, another son and the dau. both m. and left heirs.
George held many offices of trust and responsibility. P. M., in R. and

* B3- MissCowIes.

GENEALOGY— COWLES. 317

at Mclndoes 30 3'rs., town clerk nearh' the same time, county senator
1862-64. At his resignation in 1865 the town passed a vote of
thanks for his long and faithful service. He held other offices, and
was often administrator of estates. In 1865 he sold his Ryegate
property to Alex. Cochran, and the next year rem. to Mclndoes in
1866, where in Sept. 1867, he bought the store of Azro Button which
he occupied at his death, Aug. 15, 1870. His wife was a descendant
of Hannah Dustin ; she d. Boston, Aug 3, 1885.
Children :
i. Edward^, b. Rvegate, July 20, 1837; A. B.. Dart. Coll., 1859, M. D.,
Dartmouth, '1862; A. M. Dartmouth, 1861; Medical House pupil.
Retreat for the Insane, Hartford, Conn., 1860-62; M. D. Dartmouth
Medical School, 1863 ; College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York,
1863; Asst. physician. Retreat for the Insane. Hartford, Conn., 1863i
Medical Corps, United States Arm^-, 1863-72 ; Resident Physician and
Superintendent, Boston City Hospital, 1872-79; Medical Superin-
tendent McLean Hospital, Waverly, Mass., 1879-1903; Lecturer on
Mental Diseases, Dartmouth Medical Coll, 1885-86; Professor of
Mental Diseases, ibid, 1886- ; Fellow by Courtesy, Johns Hopkins
University, 1887-88; Instructor in Mental Diseases, Harvard Medical
School, 1888-; L. L. D., Dart. Coll., 1890; Non-Resident Lecturer on
Psychiatry, Clark University, 1904-. Retired from McLean Hospital
Jan. 1st, 1904, and rem. to Boston where he has since continued his
work in Mental Diseases, in private practice and in teaching. In 1907
he went to reside in Hanover, N. H., and rem. from there to Plymouth,
Mass., in 1908. Asst surgeon U.S. Army. June 13, 1863. His first
service was in charge of a small hospital which he established in a
schoolhouse in Harrisburgh,- where one hundred wounded soldiers were
received from the battlefield of Gett\-sburgh. He was surgeon-in-charge
of the hospital until it was closed in December, 1863. He served with
the Army of the Potomac in the winter of 1863-64 in Virginia, and
was in Gen. Grant's campaign, through the battles of the Wilderness,
from the Kapidan to Petersburgh. At the close of the war he was sur-
geon-in-chief of Provost Marshal Gen. Macy's Brigade, at the head-
quarters of the army, from Appomattox to its last camp at Arlmgton,
and continued with Gen. Meade's staff until the army was disbanded
at Washington ; was brevetted captain for meritorious services during
the war, and later promoted to full rank of captain; he was post sur-
geon at Fort Independence, Boston Harbor, one year; six months in
New Orleans as inspector of camps and transport ships, at Sheridan's
headquarters; two years the chief medical officer of the District of the
Rio Grande, at Fort Brown, Texas. During this service in Louisiana
and Texas both Dr. Cowles and his wife had yellow fever in the epi-
demic that prevailed in 1866-7. After serving two years as post sur-
geon at Fort Preble, Portland, Me., he resigned his commission and
settled in general practice in Boston, 1862. He designed the plan of
the Mary Hitchcock Memorial Hospital, Hanover, N. H., and be-
came a member of the Board of Trustees ; and was Chairman of Trus-
tees of the Mass. Hospital for Dipsomaniacs and Inebriates, 1896 to
1901 ; member of the Board of Trustees, Clark University, Worcester,
Mass , 1890. Fellow A. A. A. S., Am. Soc. Naturalists, Am. Psychol.
Assn. (pres. 1895), Am. Med. Assn., Me. Med. Assn., (Hon.); foreign
Asso. Paris Soc. Med. Psychol ; mem. Mass. Med. Soc, Boston Soc.
Psychiatry and Neurology, Nat. Assn. for study of Epilepsy, Nat.
Geog. Soc, Alpha Delta Phi, Phi Beta Kappa, Loyal Legion, Republi-
can, Congregationalist.

He was first in the work of establishmg a training school for
nurses for the insane ; and the honor is his of the inception and carry-
ing out of the plans for the buildings of the new McLean Hospital at
Waverly, Mass. A writer says of it : "'The plans of the buildings
and their arrangement with reference to each other, in fact the whole

318 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT

development of the new hospital, have been the work of the accom-
plished superintendent, Dr. Edward Cowles, the late honored president
of the American Medico, Psychological Association." He m. Hanover,
N. H., Dec. 25, 1865, Harriet M. VVainwright, who d. Aug. 21, 1908;
res. 8 Sever street, Plymouth, Mass. Boston office, 419 Boj-lston St.

ii. Frank Mellen, b. Ryegate, June 29, 1839; an artist by profession,
founder of the Cowles Art School and manager during its useful exist-
ence of twenty years from October, 1883. This, the largest private
Art School in the United States, had an international reputation,
employing as many as nine instructors at a time, with an attendance
of about 300 students in a year from every State in the Union, South
America and the Hawaiian Islands. All the different branches of
drawing, painting, modelling and decorative design were taught.
Manv whose names have become distinguished in the Art world
received instruction in this institution. Res. Ogunquit, Maine.

iii. Jane Elisabeth, b. May 3, 1841 ; rem. to Mclndoes 1866, to Boston,
Mass , 1875, and returned to Vermont, 1897. Was clerk at the
Cowles Art School, Boston, Mass.. 1883, 1885-1895; is interested in
genealogical, and an occasional lecturer on historical subjects. Has in
preparation a history of Peacham, Vt., and is now engaged upon a
genealogy of " The Descendants of John Cowles of Farmington, Conn."
Author of "Decoration Day, Peacham, Vt., 1905," copies of which are
in the Congressional Library, Washington, D. C, and other important
libraries, and an unpublished manuscript history of her ancestors.
Res. S Sever St., Plymouth, Mass.

iv. William Henry, b. Ryegate, Nov. 18,1843; m. Emma Louise Oliver ot
Yonkers, N. Y ; res. Boston, Mass. Ch. (1) Ella Youmans, b. Brook-
lyn, N. Y., 1873; m. John D. Ashton; res. Yonkers, N. Y. (2) George
Starin, b. Brooklyn, N. Y., 1875; architect; res. Yonkers, N. Y.

CRAIG.*

William,! b. Erskine. Renfrew, Scotland, 1753 ; m. ab. 1771, Margaret Mc-
Inlay (McKinley), half sister to James M, who settled here. Came
to R. 1784, and" bought 5 lots of land of the Scotch Co., which after
his death was sold in 1821 to Edward Miller, Sen., where his son
Hugh G., lived. He d. 1807, and she d. 1823, in Topsham, and bur.
there. They joined the " Seceder," now the I'ni. Pres. ch. in 1784, pre-
senting the following certificate :

These do certify that William Craig, son of William Craig, late
farmer in the Parish of Erskine and Shire of Renfrew, North Britain,
with Margaret Mclnlay, his spouse, resided in the Parish of Erskine
from their infancy preceding this date behaving themselves sober and
inoffensively free from public scandal or Ground of Church Censure
known to this Session, and having been admitted to seahng ordinances
here, there is nothing known at present to hinder them from the same
privilege where Providence may order their lot. is attested at Ers-
kine the 3d of May, 1784 by Walter Young, Minister.

George Dempster, Sess. Clk.

t Children : The five oldest b. Scotland and bapt. by Rev. Walter Young.

1 i. William.2 b. Feb. 1772

ii. Margaret, 2 b. May 1. 1774; m. Robert Hall, q. v.

2 iii. John, 2 b. Aug. 5, 1776.

3 iv. James,2 b. May 1, 1778,

V. Janet,2 b. March 26, 1783; m. Archibald Taylor, q. v.
vi. Jean, 2 b. Rvegate, June 15. 1786 : bapt. by Rev. Dr. Witherspoon ; m. 1 st
James Caldwell, q. v. 2d, Robert Renfrew of Newbury.

By Q. A. Whitchil], and others, f Dates of birth from Session Records.

GENEALOGY— CRAIG. 319

Yii. Mar J, 2 b. Juh- 15, 1789 ; bapt. by Rev. Peter Powers (Currier) ; m. June

15, 1812, Joseph Currier of Topsham and went west.
William, 2 (William,!) b. Erskine, Scot., Feb. 1772; bapt. by Rev. Walter
Young. Came to R. with parents; m. June 2, 1796. Mary, dau. Allan
Stewart; owned the George Nelson farm which he sold, and went
west. The following record by Mr. Miller is given for its preservation.
Children :
i. William, 3 b. April 30, 1797.
ii. John, 3 b. March 18, 1800.
iii. Allan.3b. March 21, 1802.
iv. James. 3 b. April 26, 1804.
v. Marv,3b. Aug. 1, 1807.
vi. Margaret Mclnlav,3 b. April, 1809.
vii. Robert,3 b. Aug. 7, 1811.
Tiii. Francis Stewart,3 b. June 23, 1813.
John, 2 (William, i) b. "the last week in August. 1776."— Mason. Bapt. by
Rev. Walter Young; came with parents to R. ; was employed two
years in getting out stone for the state prison at Windsor. He m. 1st,
March 2 1806, Jean. dau. Alex. Miller (b. April 1,1787; d. Jan. 17,
1819). 2d, Dec. 30, 1819, Mary Dickey of Topsham (b. April ],
1787). He settled at So Ryegate, where he built a saw mill and a
grist mill before he was m. Mr. Mason says, and the place was called
Craig's Mills for some years. He d. while in Corinth, 1859 ; she d.
at Topsham, 1853.
Children :
i. Jean,3 b. Jan. 30, 1809; m. June, 1844, John McClaren of Barnet. Chil,

(1) Mar>- Helen. ^ b. March 25,1845; m. Scott L. Gates; res. Barre,
Vt. (2) Alexander Peden* b. Julv 5, 1846; hved near Barnet Ctr.
church. (3) Wilham John,* b. Nov. 23. 1847; d. in California.

ii. Mary, 3 b. June 12, 1810; m. WilHam Whitehill, q. v.

iii. Isabel. 3 b. Dec. 17, 1811 ; m. Andrew Whitehill. q. v.

iv. Eliza, 3 (twin to Isabel) ; m. ab. 1837, Thomas Brock of Barnet (b. Jan 2,
1809; d. Mavl3,1894). Chil. (1) Albert,* [Brock] b. March 2, 1838 ;
d. March 7, 1896; m. 1st, Hattie Bomier (b. Julv 14, 1845; d. Feb. 6,
1872). 2d. Mary E. Harriman (b. Julv 13, 1843; d. Nov. 13, 1894).

(2) Robert M..* [Brock] b. Julv 12, 1839; d. May 5, 1887; m. Dec. 12,
1867. Elvira E. Gimilan. No ch. (3) Mar>- Jane,* [Brock,] b. 1842;
d. Nov. 7, 1881 ; m. Robert Stevenson of Barnet. No ch. (4) James
A.,* [Brock] b. Aug. 15, 1848 ; d. March 15, 1868. Mrs. Brock d.
Julv 3, 1862.

v. Robert M.,3 b. Dec. 17, 1813.

By 2d marriage :
vi. John, 3 b. Nov. 7, 1820, tended grist mills in Hardwickand Corinth, later
for some years, Peckett's mill in Bradford. Twice m. ; 3 ch.

vii. Susanna, 3 b. Topsham, Dec. 1, 1821; m. Fuller; no ch. ; d. at

Wm. Craig's Brookline, Mass.
viii. Edward. 3 b. July 1,1823 ; m. Muella Tabor of Topsham; dep. sheriflf
there 1852. Went to Missouri, became wealthy; d. in Cal. 1897; one
dau.
ix. Adam Dickey,3 b. Nov. 24, 1824; went to the Mexican war and d. at
Vera Cruz.

X. Annis,3 b. Julv 11, 1826 ; m. Wilson of Topsham.

xi. JuHa,3 b. Oct." 25. 1827; d. un-m. at John Craig's, Bradford, 1870.
xii. Thomas G..3 b. Feacham ; d. at 4 yrs.

James,2 (William,!) b. Scotland, May 1, 1778; came to R. with parents;
farmer and blacksmith; m. Margaret Nesmith (b. July 3, 1776) ; rem.
to Topsham or Groton about 1821. and with their son. James, rem.
to 111. ab. 1852, where he d. ten yrs. later.
Children :
i. Janet Nesmith, 3 b. Jan. 17, 1809 ; m. James Caldwell, q. v.

320 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ii. Margaret Mclnlav.3 b. April 10, ISIO ; ni. April 2, 1820, Hale G. Wright ;
d. Jan. 9. 1885'.

iii. Adam Dickey, 3 b. Nov. 8, 1812 ; m. Jan. 25. 1864-. Belle McClintock.

iv. Esther,3 b. May 26, 1814-; d. May 18, 1898; m. June 19,1833, John
Lyle

Y. Mary Jane, 3 b. Oct. 1,1816; d. July 23, 1855; m.Feb. 19, 1837, Thomas
Lvle.

yi. Agnes 3 b. March 18. 1818; d. March 28, 1876; m. Jan. 11, 1844,
Aloody Grow; rem. 1850 to Neponset. 111., where she d.

vii. Betsey. 3 b. July 18, 1820; d. 1868; m. Dec. 16. 1857, Isaac B. Blake,
yiii. Lucinda,3 b July 18, 1822 ; d. un-m. Jan. 17, 1901.

ix. William G.,3 b. Julv 7, 1824; m. [uly 7, 1S55; Nancy Lester.

X. Robert H., 3 b. Jan: 1. 1826; m. March 23, 1848, Mary Fellows. Cele-
brated their 6Uth anniversary, 1908.

xi. James C.,3 b. Jan. 1, 1828; ra. Oct. 29, 1855, Eliza J. Jones. Was prom-
inent in business and socially, and held many offices ; d.in 111. May 25,
1900.

4 Robert Miller, 3 ( John, 2 William, i) b. Dec. 17, 1813; m. Jan. 24, 1839,
Nancy, dau. Daniel Keenan (b. Ireland, Nov. 7, 1717; d. Topsham,
Jan. 4, 1878) ; he d. May 10. 1855.
Children all b. in Ryegate :
i. Daniel Robert,-* b. Alarch 27, 1841 ; en. Co. G. 6th Vt., in the Civil War,
taken prisoner in the Battle of the Wilderness, conf. in Andersonville
prison, exchanged, and d. at Washington six days later, and bur.
there,
ii. WiUiam Parker,* b. Sept. 6, 1842; d. March 7, 1843.

iii. Albert Edward.* b. Apr. 10, 184 1; enlisted Aug. 15, 1862 in Co. G, 6th
Vt.; served through the war; he m. Oct. 18, 1870, Katherine Haslett
(b. St. Gila, Quebec; d. Dec. 28. 1905). Chil. (1) Ernest E..5 b. Tops-
ham, Sept. 21,1871; m. Feb. 17,1892, Delia Sly. (2) Etta E.,5 b.
Dec. 17, 1895; m. Elmer Brown.
iv. WilHam Parker.* b. Dec. 28, 1845; mem. Co. G. 6th Vt , in Civil War,

killed at Funkstown. Md., July 10, 1863; bur. W. Rveg ite.
Y, Martha Leila,* b. Nov. 8. 1847 ; d. Topsham, June 15, 1872.
vi. Margaret Jane,* b. May 27, 1850; d. May 10. 1905.
vii. Rockwell Frank,* b. April 30, 1852; m July, 1875, Lizzie Buswell ; res.

Marlow, N. H. Ch. Willis and Jennie,
viii. Mary Ella,* b. Nov. 20, 1853; m. Oct. 13, 1875, Forest Mills,

CRAIGIE.

James,! b. Leeds, P. Q., Oct. 20, 1865; came to St. Johnsbury, 1890, and to
So. R. 1894; granite cutter; enlisted March, 1899, in' Battery N, 6th
U. S. Art., served 7th mo. at Honolulu, Hawaii ; and nearly two years
in the Philippine Islands. Was in several expeditions against msur-
gents in Bataan Prov., ^vhich culminated in the surrender of insurgent
forces under Gen. Mascardo. ap. Sergeant, 1901. Ret. to R., and en-
gaged in granite manufacturing since. He m. July 29, 1903, Leola M.,
dau. Lafavette and |ane (Dunnett) Carpenter. Members of 1st Pres.
ch. Chil.' Wendell C, b. June 12, 1904.

CROWE.

George,! (Wm. a^^ Janet [Arthur,]) b. Scotland, Apr. 3, 1847; came to
America, 1851 ; in teaming and livery bus. So. R. He m. Concord, N.
H., March 2, 1871, Helen L. dau. Dr. Eli Perry, (b R, 1844). Mem-
bers of 1st Pres. ch.

GENEALOGY— CROWE. 321

Children :
i. Luther L.,2 b. March 27, 1S72 ; m. March 29, 1894-, Hattie, dau. Geo. R.
Brown. Chil. (Ij PVank Burton,3b. Aijr. 13, 1900. (2) Margaurett.s
b Jan. 12, 1902. (3) Helen Estelle,3 b. June 28, 1903. (4) Rodney
E.,3 b. March 17. 1908.

ii. Burton Perry.s b. June 17. 1874; m. July 30, 1907, Charlotte, dau. Os-
good and Eliza (Bailey) Wheeler. Ch. Marion Evangeline, 3 b. May
25, 1908. William Nelson, 3 b. Dec. 20, 1810.

iii. Lottie J. ,2 b. Apr. 26, 1880; grad. Normal Department, Goddard Semin-
ary. 1905; taught in Spaulding High School, Barre, Vt. J«he m. Nov.
7, 1910, Norman Morrison, Barre, Yt.

iv. George H.,2 b. May 3, 1882. In charge of creamery at Swiftwater, N. H.

CROWN.

Moses Wesson, i s. of Ebenezer and Nancy [Clark] Crown; b. Topsham,Apr.
17. 1824; he m. 1st, March 23, 1854, Margaret Ann., dau. James,2
Whitehill (b. July 21, 1833 ; d. June 2, 1867.) 2d, June 3, 1869, Mary
(Orr) , widow of David Whitehill. He d. Dec. 20, 1901 .
Children by 1 st marriage :
i. James E ,2 b. Groton, Apr. 23, 1855; farmer after 1882, at N. Ryegate,
the farm formerly that of John, 2 (James, i) Whitehill. He m. at No.
Greensboro, Oct. 28, 1882, Margaret, dau. Wm. and Alargaret [Cuth-
bertson] Wilson. Elder in Un. Pres. ch. many years ; d. June 30, 1909.
Ch. (1) Harrv,3 m. June 29, 1909, Winnifred', dau. Lyman B. Swan
of Newbury. ' Ch. James Wendell,* b. Apr. 9, 1911. (2) William.3

ii. Nettie J. ,2 b. Oct. 12. 1856.

iii. |ennie,2 b. Dec. 5, 1858 ; m. Cyrus B. Page; d. Apr. 20, 1898.

iv. William, 2 b. May, 1861; d. June, 1862.

v. John Nelson, 2 b. July 12, 1865 ; m. July 4, 1894, Jennie L., dau. Alex. W.
Eastman of Topsham ; he d. Sept. 23, 1899.
By 2d marriage :

yi. Wesley, 2 b Sept. 20, 1871.

CROZIER.

Oliver Dexter, 2 (William L.,i) b. Halifax, Vt., Sept. 3, 1835; mechanic and
very ingenious; d. No. Adams, Mass., May, 1901; he m. Nov. 1863,
Meroe Angelette, dau. Wm. Miller, (b. May 6, 1845).
Children :
i. Alice E.,3 b. April 21, 1865 ; m. Eugene Nutting of Woodsville.
ii. Fred D. ,3 b. April 23, 1868.

iii. Ida Estella,3 b. June 17, 1869 at \Y. Concord, Vt. ; m. at E. Peacham,
May 1, 1900. by Rev. J. K. Williams, Lewis G. Dowse (b. Peacham,
Nov. 4, 1873.) Ch. Flora Hazel,-^ b. at P., April 12. 1901.
iv. John A. ,3 b. Concord, Vt., 1871.

v. Mabel Jennie, 3 b. No. Adams, Mass., Dec. 27. 1875; m.
John Aiken, 3 (Oliver D.,2 W'illiam,!) b. W. Concord, Vt., Nov. 29, 1871 ; he
m. Nov. 9, 1892, by Rev. John J. Hall, Nancy Jane, dau. Wm. J. Nelson
(b Sept. 9, 1864) ;"rem. to Glover, Vt., purchasing the farm on which
he lives.
Children b. at Glover :
i. Lula May, b. June 30, 1895.

ii. Lilla Nancy, b. Oct. 15, 1898; d. Oct. 16, 1893.
iii. John Aiken, b. Sept. 8, 1902.

Mabel Jennie,3 b. No. Adams, Mass., Dec. 27, 1875; m. 1st, Barton, Vt.,
March 22, 1894, Wm. John Leonard (b. Canada, Oct. 20. 1873).

Children :
i. Eva Meroa,* [Leonard] b. So. Ryegate, Sept. 29, 1894.

322 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ii, Lena Adaline,* [Leonard] b. Glover, Vt., Dec. 9, 1896.
iii. Norman Alton,* [Leonard] b. Barnet, March 10, 1898.

William J., and Mabel J. Leonard were divorced June 14, 1907 and she

m. 2d, Oct. 16, 1907, at Peacham, Kenneth McCondach, b. Aberdeen,

Scotland. Tune. 1862; res. Hardwick, Vt.

CURRIER.*

Ezra Currier was born in Amesbury, Mass., June 25, 1749. He was a son
of Gideon and Mary (Brown) Currier. He descended from Richard
Currier, one of the very earliest settlers of Salisbury, Mass., in 1640.

In 1638 the General Court of Massachusetts granted to Simon
Bradstreet and others, leave for a plantation at Merrimac on the
north side of the river. Settlers soon came and secured lots, taking
up nearly all the land east of the Powow River eastward to the At-
lantic. "September 4, 1639, the General Court named the plantation,
Colchester. This name did not seem to have pleased the settlers, and
on the 7th of July, 1640, the General Court changed the name Col-
chester to Salisbury. The first settlements were made in the east part
of the town, bordering on the Atlantic on the east, and on the Merri-
mac on the south. Settlers continued to come in, and settlements
were made in the wilderness on the west side of the Powow River.

In 1654 the citizens of the plantation, both sides of the Powow
River voted to divide the town. Those on the east side of the river
retained the name of Salisbury, and those on the west side called their
town New Salisbury. In 1666 the General Court granted the inhabi-
tants of New Salisbury "the liberty of a township." On or previous
to 1654 Richard Currier had moved over the Powow River into New
Salisbury, and in 1666 he ^vas chosen a delegate to the General Court
to secure a charter for the new township, which was forthwith
granted. In the early part of 1667 a town meeting was held in New
Salisbury when it was voted to change the name of the town to
Amesbury. This change was confirmed by the General Court in 1668,
since which time that portion of the original Salisbury west of the
Powow river has borne that name with the exception of the west end
of the town. In 1876 the west end of Amesbury was incorporated by
the name of Merrimac by the Massachusetts Legislature.

Richard Currier died in Amesbury on February 22nd 1686-7. He
had been a very prominent business man in the early history of Ames-
bury as well as of Salis1)ury, before the town was divided. Ezra Cur-
rier, son of Gideon of Chester, N. H., one of the early settlers of Rye-
gate, descended from Richard through the following line: Richard, b.
1617; Dea. Thomas, b. in Salisburv, Mass., March 8, 1646; d. in
Amesbury, Mass., September 27, 1712; Benjamin, b. in Amesbury,
Mass., March 27. 1688; Gideon, b. in Amesbury, Mass., February 21,
1712. Ezra, subject of this sketch, was born in Amesbury, Mass.,
June 25, 1749. When Ezra was about two years of age his father
moved from Amesbury up into Chester, N. H. But few facts can
now be gathered of his youth and early manhood. It is known how-
ever that previous to 1773 he married Ruth Cassidy, and after-
wards moved up into the " Coos Country," living at various times in
several towns of that section. He was a miller and farmer, and did
considerable lumbering in these new settlements. When in Ryegate he
was much in the emplo3' of William Nelson, either lumbenng or work-
ing in the mills at Dodge's Falls, now called East Ryegate. He and
his three sons were employed by Mr. Nelson in building the mills at
the Falls, and the dam across the Connecticut River. Ezra and his
family were very much attached to Mr. Nelson while residing in Rye-
gate. His daughter Polly, who married Aaron Hand, named her old-

By Dr. J. M. Currier.

GENEALOGY — CURRIER. 323

est son William Nelson, after the much respected early settler of Rye-
gate. Ezra went to Ryegate in 1795 or 6. In 1807 or 8 he left there
and moved over into Bath and lived with his son-in-law, Joseph Annis,
where he died March 23, 1825. His wife, Ruth, died September 25,
1834-. They were both buried in a plat of ground south of a rugged
ledge below the "Narrows," in Bath. Their graves were unmarked.
Ezra had the following children : Benjamin, Gideon, Samuel, Sally, Polly,
and Betsey.

Benjamm, b. 1773 ; m. 1st, Eleanor Howard; she d. leaving no chil. ; 2d,
Elizabeth Vining. They had one child, Anne C. ; she d. in Winthrop,
Me., June 7, 1843, aged 12 years. He d. in Wales. Me., in 1836. His
second wife died in Litchfield, Me.

Gideon, b. 1778 ; was drowned in the Connecticut River, opposite Rye-
gate, June 9, 1800. At the same time a boy was drowned ten years
of age, b3' the name of John ToAvnsend, son of Timothy Townsend of
Groton, and an adopted son of Ezra Currier. They were both buried
in unmarked graves, on the bluff east of Dodge's Falls in Bath. Gid-
eon was 22 yrs. of age ; and was going to be married in a few days at
the time of his death. On the 12th day of January 1800 he had bid
off a pew in the meeting house at Ryegate Corner. Thus it will be
seen that he intended to become a permament citizen of Ryegate.

Sally, m. Benjamin Howard and lived in Bath, N. H., and Bangor, Me.
She had eight children. After the death of Mr. Howard, she married
Phillip Fisher, and moved to Bath, Me. The names of six of her
children ^vere : Isaac, Polly, Betsey, Gideon, Samuel, and Joseph A.

Polly, b. Sept. 25, 1780 ; she m. Aaron Hand, a farmer, and lived in Bath,
N. H. ; she d. in Monroe, N. H., Feb. 25, 1872, and was bur. in that
town. Chil. William Nelson, Aaron, Abiah, Mary, Sally and Can-
dace.

Betsey, b. Oct. 15, 1788; she d. in Stoneham, Mass., Jan. 16, 1865 and
bur. in Benton, N. H. ; she m. Joseph Annis, and lived in Bath and
Benton. N. H. Chil. (1) Eliza, b. Nov. 1, 1811 ; (2) Rachel, b. March
2, 1813; (3) Samuel C, b. Mav 27, 1815 ; (4) Cummings, b. March

6, 1819; (5) Perlev Mason, b. Aug. 14. 1821 ; (6) Betsey J., b. July 7,
1823; (7) Gardnef, b. March 2, 1825; (8) Ruth J., b. Dec. 13, 1827;
(9) Mary H., b. Jan. 25, 1829; (10) William H., b. March 2, 1831.

Samuel, b. Nov. 17, 1781 ; he m. 1st, Elizabeth Hand of Landaff, N. H.,
who d. about 1810, leaving no children. He m. 2d, Rachel (b. June 27,
1793), dau. of David and Lois [Hunt] Annis of Bath, N. H., March

7, 1816. He bought a piece of land in Bath, lying upon the Connecti-
cut River, opposite Ryegate of W^ebster D. Annis, March 2, 1802, and
commenced work upon it. Subsequently he purchased several other
pieces adjoining, including Smith's Mills on Hurd's Brook west of the
Island. On this large tract of land he lived the remainder of his days,
dying March 20, 1849. His widow d. on the same farm April 5 1875.
When the British war vessels were hovering off the coast of Ports-
mouth in the War of 1812, he was drafted into the service und sta-
tioned in that citv a short time. He was appointed a lieutenant of
the 9th Co., 32d "Reg. of the New Hampshire militia, Sept. 5,1815;
was promoted captain of the same company May 4, 1816 ; and va-
cated that command Aug. 12, 1818.

Children all born in Bath:

Ezra Samuel, b. Dec. 13, 1816; d April 5, 1850; un-m.

Serepta Betsey, b. March 11, 1821 ; d. at Passumpsic, Vt., Jan. 21, 1864;
she m. in 1848 Clovis Arius Annis of Woodsville, N. H. Chil. (1)
Austin Arius. b. Jan. 4, 1849 ; ( 2) John Harvey, b. Jan. 31, 1851 ; (3)
Frank Alphonzo, b. Dec. 26, 1852; (4) Jennie Elizabeth, b. Nov. 26,
1854; (5) Erastus Leon. b. Oct. 16,1857; (6) Flora Evelyn, b. Sept.
29. 1859; (7) Douglas LeRov. b. Dec. 9, 1861.

David Annis, b. Mav 10. 1823 ; he m. Clara P. Skinner of Potton, P. Q.,
Oct. '^0, 1865 ; he d. June 21, 1876, leaving no children.

324 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

iv. John McNab, b. Aug. 4, 1832 ; he took a classical course of study at New-
bur3' Seminary and Mclndoe Falls Academy ; and studied medicine
under the tuition of Dr. W. A. Weaks and Dr. Enoch Blanchard of Mc-
lndoe Falls, Prof. Alpheus B. Crosby and Prof. Dixi Crosby of Han-
over, N. H. He graduated at the Medical Department of Dartmouth
college, May 11. 1858, and settled in Newport, Vt., July 16, 1858,
and with the exception of about thirteen years his practice has been
in that town. He studied law one ^^ear with Hon. A.D.Bates, then
of Newport, but owing to his rapidly increasing medical practice he
decided to give up his legal studies. During the War of the Rebellion
he was examining surgeon of recruits at Newport. He was Surgeon-
General of Vermont in 1872-3—4 on Gov. Converse's staff; Pension
Surgeon at Bristol, Vt., in 1875 and 1876 ; president of the Board of
Pension Surgeons at Newport during President Cleveland's second
administration. He edited and published a scientific quarterly maga-
zine, entitled the Archives ol Science, in 1870 to 1874; also edited and
published The Vermont Medical Journal s^t Burlington in 1874. He
\vas many years a member of the following societies : The Vermont
Medical Society ; The American Association lor the Advancement of
Science; The British Association for the Advancement of Science; The
Vermont Historical Society ; The New England Historic-Genealogical
Society ; The Prince Society of Boston ; The Appalachian Mountain
Club; The Rutland County Historical Society; the Orleans County
Historical Society and Life Member of the New Hampshire Antiqual
rian Society. He was elected an honorary member of the Vermont
Pharmaceutical Society in 1873. He was m. to Susan Havens (b.
April 3, 1838), dau. of John D. and Jane B. Powers of Woodstock,
Vt., Aug. 8, 1860.
Children :

i. Linn Powers b. June 8, 1861; printer. He m. 1st, Margaret Bothwell
Ellis of Cambridge, Mass.; no chil; 2d, Emma Minnie, b. Feb. 10.
1879, in Holland. Vt., dau. of Wilson M. Allchurch of Barton, Vt.,
Jan. 16, 1906. Chil. John Allchurch, b. Jan. 16,1907; d. Jan. 18,
1907.

ii. Susa, b. June 7, 1867 ; she m. Oct. 19. 1893, Harold Charles, (b. in Wood-
stock, Vt., Aug. 24, 1868.) son of Charles H. and Loraine French of
Boston, Mass. Chil. (1) Esther Currier, Dec. 18, 1894 ; (2) Eleanor,
Nov. 13, 1904.

CARTER.*
Eliphalet,! m. Jane, dau. James Matthews, q. v.

Orlando B.,2 (Eliphalet,i) b. Jan. 19, 1837; farmer near Barnetline; hem.
July 4, 1858, Cornelia, dau. James and Sophia [Oilman] Wheeler.
Children :
i. AbbieJ. M.,3 b. Dec. 31, 1858; m Aprils. 1877. James Lamphere, who

d. April 16, 1888.
ii. Ella E.,3 b. Aug. 14. 1861 ; d. Feb. 7, 1865.

iii. Hattie P. ,3 b. Aug. 29, 1864; m. June 12, 1882, Frank Blain. Ch. Nel-
son,* (Blain), b. Jan. 3, 1883.
iv. Zvlphia,3 b. Feb. 16,1 866 ; m. 1893, James Blain. No chil.
V. Hlla E.,3 b. Oct. 13,1869; m. Oct. 25, 1893, George Blain. Ch. (1) lona,*
[Blain] b. Sept. 10, 1894. (2) Theresa,* [Blain] b. Dec. 3, 1898.

DARLING.

Mr. Miller says that this family came from Plaistow, N. H., to Ryegate;
three brothers, Josiah and Jonathan who m. dau's of Job Abbott of
Barnet, and Robards. After a few years they settled in Groton.

* This record was received too late for insertion in its proper place.

GENEALOGY — DARLING. 325

The children of Robards Darling, as given by Mr. Miller, were :
I. Deliverance, b. Nov. 16, 1785; m. David fudkins.

II. Judith, b. Sept. 1, 1787; m. 1st, Wm. Taisey; 2d.Capt. Norris Marshall.
1 III. JoHX, b. Oct. 18, 1789.

IV. Hannah, b. May 7, 1791 ; m. John VVhitehill, q. v.
V. Medad. b. Aug. 5, 1794 ; lived in Groton, but rem. to Albany, Vt.
VI. Daniel, b. Feb. 26, 1797; m. 1st, Lizzie Taisey; 2d, Betsey, dau. Jabez
Bigelow.

VII. Ruth, b. Dec. 18, 1798; m. 1st, James Taisev; 2d, Dea. Hodson.

VIII. Sally, b. Sept. 23, 1800 ; m. Joseph Morrison, q. v.
IX. Phebe, b. Sept. 21, 1802 ; m. Samuel Clark of Groton.
X. Rhoda, b. July 7, 1804 ; m. Thomas Taisey.

XI. Susanna, b. Apr. 19, 1806; m. 1st, Ephraim Low; 2d, David Jones.
XI J. LuciNDA, b. ; m. Annual Vennor.

1 JOHN,2 (Robards,!) b. Oct. 18, 1789; m. Janet, dau. Robert Brock of Barnet,

was a prominent man there; town clerk 1822-'37 ; town rep. 1834,
'37, '38. Among his children ^vere Dr. John B. (2) of Ryegate, and
Jonathan Roberts of Groton (b. 1823), who was town representative,
associate judge and state senator. The latter d. July 15, 1910.

2 John Brock,3 (John,2 Robards.i) b. Groton, Nov. 22, 1822; educated at

Peacham and Phillips (Danville) Academies ; began to study medicine
in 1843, with Dr. Nelson of Barnet, later with Dr. McNab of Mclndoes
and Dr. Cobb of Peacham. Attended two courses of lectures at
Woodstock Medical College, and two at Pittstield, Mass., receiving
diploma from the former in 1847 ; in New York City Hospital 1848,
and had also a large experience during an epidemic of ship fever ; also
attended the private clinics of Drs. Mott and Willard Parker; grad.
Berkshire, Mass , Medical Coll , Nov. 1847. While studA'ing medicine
he taught school \vinters, and did janitor work at college to pay his
expenses. Began practice in Groton, and m. May 10, 1848, Margaret,
dau. James Shaw (b. Barnet, June 29, 1828), a cheerlal companion to
a hard working country doctor. He went to California via Panama
arriving in Nov. 1854. He found the wonderful accounts of success at
the mines to be fairy tales, but ^vas able to get home with as much
money as he started with, and a great deal of experience, contracting
Panama fever also. In practice at So. Peacham about a year; rem.
to So. Ryegate, in practice there and identified as elsewhere related,
with all its business interests till his death. His practice was extensive,
he was often called into consultation, and considered verv' skillful in
diagnosis, keeping abreast of the times in his profession and gave his
skill and experience alike to rich and poor. He was proficient in music
and was for many years precentor in the Ref. Pres. ch. at So. Ryegate,
and one of the original members with his wife and five children, of the
1st or General Assembh' ch. of which he was a liberal supporter. In
politics successively an Anti-Mason, Whig, Free Soiler, and Republi-
can; town rep. 1859-60. He was in Kansas when the extra session
of the legislature was called after the firing on Fort Sumpter and came
home in time to attend it. His professional career began about the
period of some of the greatest discoveries in medical science, he lived
to see manv changes in the profession, and ended his honorable, useful,
and busv Hfe Feb. 13, 1905.
Children : The oldest b. Groton, the rest at So. R.
i. Alaria Phebe,* b. June 20, 1849 ; m. Millard F. Sargent, q. v.

3 ii. lames Brock, * b. Oct. 3, 1850.

iii. Isabella Shaw,4^ b. Aug. 28. 1855; m. March 29, 1881, Charles W. Zas-
trow, (b. Baltimore, Md., 1860; now chief eng. in U. S. Marine Ser-
vice, located at Arundel Cove. So. Baltimore, Md.) Ch. Dau. b. Dec.
29, 1881 and lived a few hours.

4 iv. George Washington,* b. Nov. 23, 1857.

326 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Y. Horace Greeley, -1^ b. Apr. 17, 18G0; dentist; grad. Phila. Dental College;
in practice Lowell, Mass., Woodsville, N. H., and Springfield, Mass.
He m. Feb. 22, 1886, Julia, dau. Henry G. Rollins (b. Newbury, Oct.
10, 1861.) Ch. G)adys,5 b. Sept. 9, 1888 ; stenographer at Hartford,
Conn,
vi. Jonathan Robards,* b. July 6, 1866; res. San Monica, Cal. He m. Dec.
7, 1898, Elizabeth, dau. Geo. N. Randall (b. Newbury, Sept. 2, 1872).
Ch. (1) Brock, 5 b. Sept. 24, 1899. (2) Henry Victor,^ b. Dec. 1907.
vii. William D-.^b. Apr. 7, 1868; in granite business at So. Ryegate; hem, Nov.
30, 1882, Sarah Isabel, dau. James Holmes (b. Feb. 3,1860). Ch.
(1) WiUiam J. ,5 b. Apr. 12, 1885. (2) Dick Richard, 5 b. Feb. 11, 1888.
(3) Ida Aldrich,5 b. Apr. 21, 1889; d. Aug. 28, 1894. (4) Lloyd Mil-
viii. Margaret Jane, ■* b. Feb. 23, 1869; m. Geo. H. Roben, q. v.

lard.sb. Feb. 20, 1895. (5) Dwight Holmes, s b. July 3, 1901. (6)
George Clayton, 5 b. Sept. 3, 1904; d. Nov. 6, 1905.
ix. Victor Emanuel,'* b. July 8, 1871; dentist; ed. Peacham, Acad. Three
years course in Philadelphia Dental Coll., grad. March, 1895 ; in prac-
tice at Lowell, Mass., since that date. He m. May 2, 1894, Mary Cor-
delia, dau. Duane P. and Clara A. J. (Leach) Stacy (b. Lowell, Feb.
16, 1872). C. (1) Millard Stacy, 5 b. Feb. 16, 1897. (2) Greta Mar-
garet,s b. Feb. 25, 1899. (3) Victor Brock, s b. Sept. 8, 1902.

3 James Brock* (John B.,3 John.s Robards.i) b. Oct. 30, 1850 ; ed. at Peacham

Acad. In lumber bus. and trade with his father, conducted a branch
store at W. Newbury, about two years, till burned out Feb. 21, 1888 ;
rem. to Barre, clerk in a dept. store 10 yrs., in wood bus. since. He
m. 1877, Alma, dau. Austin and Eliza (Gardner) Slye; b. Newbury.
Children all b. in R. except the last,
i. Henrietta Bernice.s b. July 13, 1878; teacher 11 vrs. in Barre; m. June
27. 1906, Frank Odgers, of B.; d. July 10, 1907.

ii. Brock.s b. June 5, 1881 ; d. Apr. 28, 1883.

iii. John Henderson, ^ b. Aug. 4; d. Dec. 8, 1883.

iv. James Robards, 5 b. June 17, 1886; took a bus. course at Poughkeepsie,
and went to Cal.

v. Lawrence,^ b. Aug. 23, 1889; d. Aug. 13, 1901.

vi. Alma Jean.s b. June 30, 1893.

4 George W.,* (John B.,3 John, 2 Robards,') b. Nov. 23, 1857; studied medicine

with his father and at the Medical Dept. of Vt. Univ., grad. 1882; in
practice since at South Ryegate, with his father, and succeeding to his
practice. He m. 1st March 29, 1883, Jennie Phoebe Somers (b. Barnet,
Oct. 11, 1855; d. June 16, 1905); 2d, April 16, 1908 Ella Jean, dau.
Albert Hall, (b. R. Aug. 6, 1863). The latter was for 27 years a very
successful teacher in the public schools of this town.
Children all by 1st m. and b. in R.
i. Theresa Belle,^ b April 20, 1884; ed. Lowell, (Mass.,) H. S. ; m. Garnet
Charles Cowan, dentist, grad. of Medico Chirurgical Coll., Philadel-
phia (b. Linguinick, P. Q., Nov. 28, 1875).

ii. George Le Roy.s b. Sept. 5, 1886; ed. Spaulding H. S.. Barre, Vt., grad.
Medico-Chirurgical Coll., Philadelphia, in dentistry dept., receiving
the faculty gold medal awarded for highest rank in class for the 2d
year, and Dr. Walter Starr medal for best examinatfons in Climical
Dentistry in senior vear.

iii. Grace.sb Feb. 11, 1889; ed. Quincy (Mass.) H. S.; m. Dec. 27, 1910,
Burnside H. Hooker of E. Ryegate.

iv. Charles Brock,5 b. Julv 31, 1891 ; ed. Spaulding H. S.. Barre, Vt.

V. Jennie Marie,5 b. Jan. 24, 1894; ed Spaulding H. S., Barre.

vi. Dewey Somers,^ b. March 22, 1896.

TOHN B. DARLING, M. D.

GEORGE W. DARLING, M. I).

G. LEROY DARLING. D. D. S.

GENEALOGY— DAVIDSON. 327

DAVIDSON.

Robert,! b. Wigtonshire, Scotland, Oct. 12, 1800; m. there, Nov., 1830
Janet McCubbin. They came to America in 1870, and made their
home with their sons tiU death ; she d. Oct. 25, 1886. He d. May 10,
1S87; bur. in So Rvegate cem. Robert Davidson and his wife, 'with
most of their descendants have been members of the Presbyterian
church.

Children all b. in Scotland :
i. Robert, 2 m. Mary Ross. Came from Scotland to Ryegate, 1857, and
lived where Andrew Buchanan now lives, rem from R. to Grant Co.,
Wis., 1864, where he d. Feb. 26, 1907; she d. a few years before. Ch.

(1) Robert,3 dead. (2) James, 3 in Wis. (d ) John,3 dead. (4) Jessie,^
in Iowa,. (5) Mary J. ,3 and (6) Martha, 3 in Wis.; (7) Sarah J.,3 in
Michigan.

ii. Jessie, 2 lived and died in Scotland.

iii. Martha, 2 lived with her brother Alexander after his wife's death, till
she d. Sept 23, 1906

1 iv. John. 2 b. Scotland. Dec. 29, 1837.

2 V. James,2b. .March 31, 1839.

vi. Alexander, 2 came to America. 1866 ; farmer in Ryegate, now lives w^ith

his son Robert in Groton He m. 1873, Isabel, dau. William

Nelson of Newbury; she d. 1879. Ch. (1) Marv B.,3 b. d.

1905. (2)Wm. N.,3 lives in Barnet. (3)'Robert A.,3

lives in Groton.

vii. Peter,2 came to America 1867; ret. to Scotland 1872, and d. there.

vii. Agnes, 2 b. Scotland ; came to America, with her parents ; she m.,

1873, Peter AIcDowell; she d. 1881. Ch. Charles \V., Thomas P.,
and William R. of New York City, and Agnes, w^ho res. in Philadel-
phia. • •

1 JoH.\,2 (Robert,!) b. Wigtonshire, Scotland, Dec. 29, 1837; came to Ryegate

with his bro. Alexander in 1866; he m. Feb. 28, 1869, by Rev. J. M.
Beattie, Margaret, dau. David Bone (b. Dec. 15, 1837; d. Dec. 20.
1889). Lived in Topsham 10 yrs.; rem. to Ryegate, buying the Dun-
lap farm, where he d. Feb. 7, 1885, his death being caused by the kick
of a horse; member of Ref. Pres. Ch., he being ordained an elder, Dec.
5,1880; after his death his wife with fourchil. under 14, carried on
the large farm successfully.
Children :
i. John, 3 b. Topsham, June 13. 1870 ; res. in Barnet, wheelwright and other
business; he m. by Rev. J. J. Hall, Dec. 18, 1896, Nettie, dau. Wm. and
Mary (Smith) Ordwav ; members of Cong, ch., Barnet. Ch. (1) Mar-
garet Lillias,* b. Jan. 17, 1897. (2) Marion Alice,* b. Apr. 10, 1905.
ii. Jessie N.,3 b. Topsham, June 30, 1872 ; m. W. Lloyd McLam, q. v.
iii. William B.,3 b. Topsham, Sept. 25, 1875; farmer on homestead; m. Nov.
27, 1902. by Rev. F. A. CoUins, Maggie, dau. Robert Arthur, q. v.;
members of U. P. Ch. Ch. (1) Arthur William,'* b. March 17,1904.

(2) Roy LvIe,* b. Feb. 15, 1906; (3) Clvde Robert,* b. May 11, 1907.
iv. Robert J.,3 b' Feb. 4, 1880; res. on the Bigelow farm; mem. U. P. Ch.

Sold their farm in Mav, 1910, and rem to Alberta.

2 James, 2 (Robert, i) b. Kircowan, Wigtonshire, Scotland, March 31, 1839; m.

1860, Elizabeth Butson of Devonshire, Eng.; came to Ryegate, Aug.
31, 1860, in a sailing vessel, being six weeks and one day on the water ;
came to his brother Robert's; later, settled where he lived till death,
Nov. 23, 1906; members of the Ref. Pres. Ch. at So. Ryegate; later,
members of the Gen. .\ss. or 1st Pres. Ch. in which he was one of the
first elders and the last charter member. Mrs. D. d. Aug. 24. 1903.
Children:
i. Mary M.,3 m. 1883, Forest E. Goodall.

328 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ii. James T.,^ m. 1886, Lillian E. Bliss,

iii. William A. ,3 on homestead,

iv. Mattie L..^ on homestead.

V. John B.,3 ra. 1895, Ida B. Wilson; res. Woodstock.

vi. Robert, 3 res. Woodstock.

vii. JessieA.,3m. 1899, Simeon L.Muzzey ; res. Carroll, Maine; d. Feb21,1911.

DICKEY.

Adam.i b. Londonderry, Ireland ; was an early settler of Londonderry, N. H.

Joseph, 2 (Adam,i) b. Londonderry, N. H., Sept. 10, 1775; tailor; lived in
Acworth, N. H., later in Orford. He m. 1st, Anna Barber, Aug. 27,
1798. lOchil. She had two sisters, one of whom m. James Moore,
q. v., and the other m. Moses Barnett of Barnet, who had dau's Ann
and Emmeline. Moses had a bro. John, who lived in the Morrill
tavern in 1833. He came to Groton, afterwards; rem. to Charleston,
Vt., where his w. d. Jan. 23, 1831; ret. to Groton, 1832. Ryegate,
1834', where he m. 2d, on Dec. 6, of that year, Hannah, dau. James, i
Nelson, widow of Wm.2 Nelson of Lyman, N. H. She bought the Rob-
ert White farm and d. Mav 7, 1838 ; this farm is now owned by Y. D.
Nelson. He m. 3d, Oct. 2'3, 1839, Elizabeth A. Grout of Acworth, N.
H., (b. May 24, 1801 ; d. April 24, 1875.)
Two of his sons were Joseph and James.
i. Joseph, 3 b. March 29, 1818; went from R. with Matthew Roben and d.
1836, near Buffalo, N. Y.

ii. JaTnes,3 b. Lyman. N. H , Jan. 15, 1820; rem. to Charleston, Vt., with
parents; came to R,, 1834; went to 111., 1837; ret. 1841; m. 1st, [an.
27,184-8, Elizabeth Ann, dau., Thos.3 Nelson (b. June 17, 1818"; d.
June 10, 1853). 2d, Feb. 22, 1859, Caroline, dau. Arch Park (b. Dec.
18. 1829.) Town rep. 1870; member Ref Pres. Ch. So. R., one of
1st members of the 1st Pres. Ch.; elected elder Nov. 12,1875; he d.
March 24, 1893.

iii. By 3rd. m. Joseph, b. 1847, d. 1866.

DICKSON.

This family is from Scotch Covenanter stock, and believed to be descended
from Rev. David Dickson, a prominent minister in the time of the per-
secution,
i. Robert,! b. Lanarkshire, 1756. He m. Jean, dau. John Anderson, a free-
holder of Lanark, and rem. to Paisley. To them were b. two sons,
Robert, 2 b. March 12,1798, and James who d. y. His w. d. 1800,
and he m. 2d Jean Lindsay of Clovernant, near Bridge of Weir, and
sister of Andrew Lindsay who settled in Barnet. With his brother
John and family who settled in Danville, Vt., they came to America in
1803. They left their oldest son Robert in Boston for the winter,
and came to Ryegate purchasing 100 acres adjoining Barnet line,
which, with extensive additions, is still in the family. He was es-
teemed for his sterling worth and was one of the earliest members of
Ref. Pres. Ch. He d, 1823, and his w. with their sons and one or two
dau's went to the Rock River region in No. Illinois, where the sons
became men of some prominence.

Children :
1 i. Robert, b. March 12, 1798.
ii. John, d. y.

By 2d marriage :
iii. Infant, d. y.
iv. Margaret, m. James Sandelants.

GENEALOGY— DICKSON. 329

V. Daughter, m. Williams,

vi. Daughter, m. Kalen.
vii. Jane, m. William Gilfillan, q. v.
viii. Mary, m. Ephraim Somers.

James and John, who are dead.

RoBERT,2 Robert,! b. Scotland, March 12, 1798; ra. June 3, 1819, Mrs. Car-
michael, in Janet Lenny, dau. Robert and Margaret [Galbraith] Lenny
of Balfour, a half sister of the sons and dau's of John Galbraith who
had settled in Barnet. She was b. in Balfron in Feb. 1796 ; her hus-
band d. soon after their marriage and she came to Barnet in 1818.
She was noted for the excellent traits of her domestic, religious and
social life; she d. April 24, 1851, and he m. 2d, Abigail, dau. Charles
Weed of Topsham, who d. Oct. 27, 1877 ; he d. July 1, 1872. Farmer
on homestead, prominent in town and private business ; a skillful
manager of men. He was a deacon and later, elder in the Ref, Pres.
Ch. of Ryegate, and one of the committee which had charge of build-
ing the church at the Corner,
Children all b. in Ryegate :
i, Jane Anderson, 3 b. July 8, 1821 ; m. Elbridge G. Locke of Lyman, N, H.,
and d, at Titusville, Pa., some years ago,

ii, Robert,3 b. Jan. 28, 1823.

iii. Margaret Galbraith, 3 b. March 25. 1825; m. David M. Anderson of N.
Y.; d. at Minneapolis. Minn,

iv, David Symes, b, Jan. 14, 1827; went to California: m. there Sarah
Frances Barnes, from Illinois,

V, William John,^ b. Jan, 25, 1829 ; went to Cal., m. Jennie Barr of Roches-
ter, N, Y.

vi. James Milligan,3 b. Feb. 6, 1831.
vii, Christiana 3 b. Sept. 10, 1832 ; went to Cal,, teacher; m. Warren Coburn

who is d. She res. in Cal. with her chil,
viii, John Calvin, 3 b. Nov, 3, 1834; went to Cal,, m. Jane, dau, Wm. Cald-
well (b. Sept. 28, 1842), 7 ch.

ix. Mar}- Ann, 3 b. April 29, 1839; m. Rev. Wm. Graham pastor of 1st Ref.
Pres. Ch., Boston, 1860 till death about 1893; she res. W, Somerville,
Mass. Two sons who are lawyers,

X, George Edwin, 3 b. June 25, 1841 ; d. un-m, Jan, 10, 1 897, leaving a large
estate.
Tw^o who d. in infancy.

These sons have all retired from business with independent fortunes, and are
prominent members of the churches with which they are connected.

RoBERT,3 (Robert, 2 Robert, i) b. Jan. 28, 1823; farmer, first near So. Ryegate
later and till d. on homestead; in Cal. awhile, w^as always lame;
mem. of Ref Pres, ch. and Supt, of S. S. several years He m. Jan.
18, 1849, Elizabeth, dau, David and Margaret (Blair) Gibson (b. Jan.
21, 1826; d. April 18, 1910). He d. April 25, 1875, while the children
were young ; she kept up the farm, and completed the house which he
had begun to build.
Children .
i. David Morrill.* b, Nov, 6, 1850 ; in meat and grocerv bus,, San Francisco,
Cal, ; m. Anna Slack of N, Y, Ch. David M. and' Edith.

ii. Henry Morrison,* b. April 16, 1852; in business and real estate, San
Francisco; un-m., d. Julv 8, 1908.

iii, Martha J.,* b. March 20,'l854; m. John A, McLam of R. (see),Asst.
Town Clerk, six yrs. school director, p m. at R3'egate since 1889.

iv. Margaret Jane,* b. 1856; m. John G. McLellan of Watsonville, Cal.
Ch. Bernice and Florice.

V. Robert Knox,* b. 1858; m. Jean .McLellan of Greensboro, Vt., resides in
Watsonville, Cal. 4 ch.

vi. WilHam M.,* b. March 15. 1891- ; d, Feb. 19, 1802.
yH. Clara E.,* b, Feb. 10. 1860,

330 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

viii. John C.,^ b. Feb. 12, 1862 ; resides on home farm,
ix. George Albion, * b. July 1867; attended Dartmouth Col.; grad. from Bel-
levue Med. Col., N. Y., physician at Ogden, Utah ; he m. Grace E. Dun-
ham of Valley Springs, So. Dakota. 2 ch.
X. James Lenny,* b. July 9,1869; dentist in Montana; hem. Myrtle A.
Todd of Chicago. One son, Joe. Robert.
2 James Milligan, 3 (Robert,2 Robert, i) b. Feb. 6, 1831 ; fitted for college at
Peacham Acad.; grad. Dartmouth Coll. 1853; Union Theo. Sem.
1857, pursuing part of both literary and theological course in Ref.
Pres. schools ; declined Greek professorship in Ref. Pres. college ; pas-
tor 3 yrs. of a Ref. Pres. ch. in Brooklyn, N. Y. ; Sixth Pres. ch., New-
ark, N. J., 1862-'69: Goodwill Pres. ch., Montgomery, N. Y., 1869-
'88; Thirtv-fourth St. Ref. Dutch ch., N. Y., 1883-'89; Pilgrim Con-
gregational ch.. Providence. R. I., 1889-94; East N. Y. Ref. Dutch
ch., Brooklyn, 1894-1903; received degree of D.D., in 1883; Dr. Dick-
son has been a frequent and valued contributor to the religious press,
has published sermons and addresses, and while pastor at Montgom-
ery, N. Y., prepared a history of the " Goodwill Presbyterian Church,"
a work involving much research. Since retiring from active ministry
he has engaged in volunteer work, and the organization of churches
in the State of Washington. The summer of 1903, he spent in Europe
with his daughter and has crossed the continent fifteen times Hem.
1st, April 7, 1858, Agnes A., dau. John Nelson, (b. March 20, 1837;
d. Brooklyn, N. Y, Feb. 23, 1859). Two sons. Nelson of No.
Y'akimo, and Clarence H., of N. Y. 2d, Helen A. West of Brooklyn,
N Y.; one dau., Margaretta May, now Mrs. Warren Barclay Conrad
of Centralia, Wis. There are now living about 100 descendants of
Robert and Jane Dickson, in nine states of the Union. Not one has
lacked in thrift, or failed of success in life, while those who have lately
come, or are coming into active life are fully equal to any who have
gone before.

DICKSON.

John, 1 b. Ranton, Scotland, 1788; m. Sarah Johnston, b. Johnston, Scot.,
Oct. 2,1790; his sister Jean m. John Gibson of Ryegate. Seven chil.
were b. to them in Johnston. They left Scotland. April 19, 1837, on
the "Tropic" and reached New York six weeks later, where they rem.
till Nov. w^hen they came to Ryegate, up the Hudson by boat, where
they were met by John Gibson. They settled near the Newbury line,
land now owned by A. M. Whitelaw. In the spring of 1855, their son
Thomas, and Daniel A. Slye went to Wisconsin. In the fall, Mr. and
Mrs. Dickson and dau. Agnes started for the west ; near Niagara Falls
while the train was going at high speed he fell from the train but was
not seriously injured ; they were delayed two weeks. Galena was
then the end of the railroad w^hence they went by boat to North
Pepin, Wis., where Agnes Dickson was m. to Daniel A. Slye on their
arrival, bv Judge O'Connor. They settled at Spring Brook, where
she d. Nov. 29, 1860 and he d. Aug. 15, 1866. Their chil. were Rob-
ert, George, John, Archibald, Thomas, Mary and Agnes. Of the sons,
only the two youngest ever lived in Ryegate.

Archibald, 2 b. Sept. 6, 1820, res. in Spring Brook; has been road. com.
20 yrs.

Thomas, 2 settled on an adjoining farm in Wis.; m. Margaret Haush-
man ; was much in town and county bus. He d. Jan. 16, 1899.

Marv.2 b. June 1, 1824; m. Wm. Whitcher ; some years conductor on the
old B.C. & M. R. R.; rem. to Spring Brook, Wis, 1859, and be-
came a farmer. Five chil. of whom 2 are living — Frank of Sioux City,
Iowa, in bus. there ; and George, in grocery bus. Everett, Wash.

Agnes, 2 m. Daniel A. Slye, q. v.

1901.

GENEALOGY— DOE. 331

DOE.

Jacob, 1 b. 1734; d. in the Continental army; m. Sarah Neally.

WilHam,2 (Jacob, i) b. Deerfield, N. H., Nov. 11, 1730 ; rev. soldier; rem.
to So. Newbury, 1789-90; m. foanna Hall; he d. Jan. 21, 1828; she
d. July 20, 184-0. Nine chil. All the Doe families in this vicinity and
many others are their descendants.

Noah, 3 (William, 2 Jacob, i) b. Newbury, Sept. 3, 1799 ; rem. to Ryegate
about 1835, and settled between So. R , and the Corner. He m. 1st,
Fanny Bailey of Piermont. 3 ch. who never lived in R. 2d,
Agnes, dau" James McKinlev (b. April 26, 1801; d 1875.
Hed. 1865.

James M.,* (Noah, 3 Wm.,2 Jacob,i) b. March 20, 1837; farmer on home-
stead; m. Nov. 1, 1865, Isabel, dau. James McLam ; he d. Jan. 28,

Children all b. in Ryegate :
i. Frederick J., 5 b. July 19, 1867; m. Sept. 16, 1892, Etta \1. Aldrich, who

d. Chil. (1) ElmerF.,6b. Mav 25. 1893. (2) .Max E.,6 b. Aug. 13,

1896. (3) Pearl E.,6 b. May 9,'' 1899.
ii. Isadore A.,5 b. June 11, 1869; m. Burton A. Hatt, q. v. She d. Dec. 18,

1900.
lii. John Luther,5 b. Aug. 16, 1871; d. Nov. 1-4, 1874.
iv. Marion, 5 b July 16, 1874; m Robert J. Miller, q. v.
v. George Albion, 5 b. Aug. 15,1876; res. Newbury; manager of creamery

there; he m. March 8, 1899, Alaigail Armstrong. Ch. Howard E.,^

b. Dec. 20, 1899.

DONALDSON.

George, 1 b. Markinck, Fifeshire, Scotland, 1811; came to America with
Richard Patterson who m. his sister Janette. They left Scotland Sept.
20, 1832, reaching Montreal after a voyage of nine weeks, walking
from Burlington to Ryegate. They worked one year in Ryegate, then
bought land in Newbury, where W. Patterson and son now live. Mr.
Donaldson rem. to Ryegate where he lived till his death, owning or
renting several farms. He m. 1st, by Rev. Wm. Pringle, Nov. 5, 1835,
Marion, dau. David Miller (b. April 8, 1809; d. Nov. 29, 1841). She
d. Nov. 29, 1841. 2d, July 21, 1842, Margaret Jane, dau. Campbell
Symes (b. April 18, 1842; d. April 25, 1854). He d. Sept. 29, 1855.
Admitted to the Ref. Pres. ch., Barnet.

Chil. all b. in Ryegate :
i. Elizabeth Margaret,2 b. Nov. 27, 1836 ; m. Groton, by Kimball Hadley,
Dec. 30, 1862, Thomas B. Hall, merchant and in lumber bus. at Gro-
ton (b. Nov. 29, 1834 ;) she d. April 19. 1908).

Children :

1. Henry W.,3 [Hall], b. Aug. 16 ; d. Dec. 12, 1869.

2. Isaac N.,3 [Hall], b. Nov. 21, 1870.

3. George W..3 [Hall], b. March 10, 1874 ; d. March 23, 1882.

4. Elizabeth M..3 [Hall], b. Aug. 26, 1877; m. Jan. 28, 1904, Lee S. Blan-

chard of Groton.
ii. David Miller,2 Jan. 27, 1838.
iii. Thomas Martin. 2 b. Feb. 7, 1840 ; d. Jan. 1, 1844.

By 2d marriage:
iv. Agnes Jane,2 b. April 4, 1843 ; m. Feb. 18, 1864, John C. Sinclair of
Haverhill, N. H.
Children :
1. Bertelle Mamie,3 [Sinclair], b. Haverhill, March 22, 1866; m. May 29,
1889, Clayton Clark Foster of Bath, N. H.; merchant. 3 chil.

332 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

2. Horace Bliss, 3 [Sinclair], b. Warren, N. H., July 4, 1868 ; m. July 4, 1892,

Nellie Prince of Brookfield, Mass.

3. Maggie Rilla,^ [Sinclair], b. Warren, N. H., Dec. 8, 1875; m. May 14,

894, Almon N. Clark of Groton.

4. Lena Belle.s [Sinclair], b. Warren, N. H., March 13, 1883; m. June 15,

1905, Geo. N. Clark of Groton. 1 ch.
V. Abigails b. Sept. 27, 1844, m. at Newark, 111., Feb. 7, 1880. George S.
Ahapin, who d. at Groton, Jan. 31, 1886. Ch. Josephine,* b. May
27, 1882, m. June 11, 1907, G. Ernest Taisev.
vi. Jaanet,2 b. AprilSO, 1847; m. Dec. 30, 1867, Wallace N. Clark,
vii. Ellen,2 b. Oct. 27, 1849 ; m. 1868, Manly Clark of Groton ; d.

June 22, 1900.
viii. Alice Georgianna,^ b. April 8, 1854.
1 David Miller, 2 (George, i) b. Jan. 27, 1838; went to Lowell, Mass., then to
Chicopee; in cotton mUl; enlisted July 16, 1862, Co. A., 37th Mass.,
was in nineteen battles and several skirmishes, wounded at Fredericks-
burg, Dec. 11, 1862, promoted to be 1st Lieut., mentioned for special
bravery at Petersburg, being at the head of 50 picked men who broke
through obstructions with axes, turning the tide oi battle; must.
out fuly 21, 1865 ; policeman at Chicopee, chief of police and deputy
sheriff at So. Hadley, postmaster at So. Hadlev Falls; d. Dec. 25,
1899; he m. 1st, May 28, 1861, Emily A. Ellio'tt, who d. Nov. 5,
same year. 2d, July 19, 1862. Sarah B. Gaut, who d. Aug. 26, 1870,
aged 24. 3d, Nov. 22, 1887, Louisa Smith.

Children, ijv 2d marriage :
i. Bertha May,^ b, Aug. 8, 1866; m Jan. 24 1889, Charles Dana Hubbard,
ii. Claudia Mabel, 3 b. April 24, 1868 ; m. 1st, Jan. 24, 1895, Frank B. Chap-
man. 2d, March 28, 1901, Warner W. Bradley.

DAWIN OR DOYEN.

JoHN,i b. Pembroke, N. H ; m. Aug. 6, 1805, Mary Rollins, b. in Rochester,
N. H., who came to Ryegate with some of the Scotch people. He
came to Ryegate about 1795, and owned a farm. He Avas of Scotch-
Irish stock. Mr. Miller says he was a younger brother of Mrs. Alex-
ander Syms. He d. in Newbury, 1814. John Doyen and Samuel In-
galls were buried on the same day and the widows of both were
buried on the same day, 40 years later, in 1854.
Children :
i. Hannah, 2 b. May 15, 1806 ; m. John Nutting and rem. to Shipton, P. Q.

ii. John B.,2 b. Dec. 8, 1807; m. a Miss White at Burlington; rem. to Can-
ada, later to Indiana. Several children.

lii. James, 2 b, Jan. 27, 1810; m. Angeline Foster at Burlington; rem to
Canada.

iv. Mary, 2 b. Feb. 12, 1812; m. Abraham Nutting; rem. to Claremont,N.H.

V. Sarah,2 b. Jan. 20, 1816; m. Jan. 19, 1840, Robert Smith, q, v.

DOUGLAS.

James A., son of Dan and Martha (Langille) Douglas, from Aberdeen, Scot-
land; b. River John, Picton County, N S., Nov. 5, 1862. Blacksmith,
came to R., 1890. When the present Presbyterian Church was built
at the Corner, he bought the old church building which he moved a-
cross the street, and now uses it for a shop.
He m. at Waterbury City, Conn., Apr. 15, 1890, Lillian M, dau. James

B. Collier from Eng. and Margaret A. (Rolfe) from Nova Scotia.
Children horn in Ryegate.
Fredrick A., b. Oct. 24, 1891.
Gordon J., b. June 7, 1897.

GENEALOGY— DUNN. 333

DUNN.

JoHN,i b. Kilmarnock, Scotland, 1774; m. there Jan. 1, 1798, Elizabeth, dau.
James,! Whitehill (b. Jan. 1773 ; d. June 8, 1860). They came to Rye-
gate in the same year (1798) when he bought land of James Hender-
son, which he cleared, and where they lived and died, now owned by
Frank Page. He d. May 26, 1S4-4- ; bur. in West cemetery. The tive
sons of John Dunn were remarkable for their great size and strength.
Children :

1 i. John, 2 b. Oct. 2, 1798.

2 ii. James,2 b. March 2-t, 1800.

iii. Elizabeth, 2 b. Aug. 1, 1802 ; m. Peter,2 Whitehill, q. v.
iv. Hugh, 2 b. Feb 4, 1805 ; m. 1st, [oanna Paul, who d. Feb. 22, 1866. 2d,
March 22, 1867, Lucina [Bingham], wid. of Wm. Whitehill, who d.
April 17. 188.^; he d. Oct. 6, 1882; town rep. from Groton.
V. Mary,2 b. Aug. 4, 1807 ; m. Geo. Smith, q. v.

vi. Alexander, 2 b. Feb. 20, 1810; farmer on homestead; hem. byRev. Jas.
M. Beattie, Christian, dau. Alexander Holmes (b. June 5, 1818; d.
July 24, 1883). He d. May 13, 1875. Ch. Christiana,3 b. Dec. 3,
1.84'7; d. Feb. 12, 1907; m. March 7, 1876, Chauncey C. Page,
vii. William, 2 b. June 3. 1813 ; d. un-m. March 18, 1843.

John, 2 (John,i) b. Oct. 2, 1798; farmer; he m. March 29, 1829, by Walter
Harvey, Janet, dau. Wm. Page, (b. March 29, 1803; d. Sept. 12
1870.)
Childi'en all born in Ryegate.
i. James ^ b. Jan. 13, 1830 ; went into the hardware bus. v^ith J. M. Cram-
ton at Rutland; prominent in banking and other bus. He m. Dec. 16,
1862, Frances E. Purdy of and at Manchester, Vt. He d. Sept. 6,
1889 at M. Chil. George,^ who died at 24;James,-i Frank,* and
Wm. Hugh.-t
ii. Abigail H.,-' b Oct. 26, 1831 ; m. John H. -Welch, q.v.
3] iii. Isaac P.,3 b. Feb. 19, 1834.
4 iv. Hugh, 3 b. June 9, 1S36.
5J V. Alex. H.,3b. May 20, 1838.

vi. Charles C.,3 b. Ryegate, Feb. 20, 1841; m. June 16, 1869, Anna Jones.

One child Oscar J. Dunn, b. . He d. Jan. 18, 1908.

vii. Sarah J.,* b. Rvgate, May 16, 1844; m. June 16, 1869, Edwnrd D.
Warren. Chil". Charles D.,5 b. Mar. 4, 1870; d. June 5, 1899. Edith
L.,5 b. July 22, 1879; d. Nov. 6, 1909.
James,2 (John,!) b. Ryegate, March- 24, 1800; m. March 24, 1835, by Rev.
Jas. Milligan, Nancy, dau, Alexander Holmes (b. Feb. 14, 1802; d.
Groton, April 30,1860); he d. Groton, Feb. 16, 1874; members of
Ref. Pres. ch.
Children :
i. James R.,3 b. Groton, Apr. 23, 1836; m. 1st, at W. Barnet, March 15,
1865, Eliza J. Plummer, who d. St. Johnsbury, Oct. 10. 1879. 2d, at
St. Johnsburv, June 15, 1880, Lizzie M. Page. He d. Monroe, N. H.,
April 28, 1898. Chil. Rhoney M.,* b. May 25, 1866. EHza M.,* b.
July 4, 1870. Wilham J.,* b. Oct. 19, 1873.
ii. John K. ,3 b. Groton, April 15, 1839; m. in Groton, March 3,1870, by
Rev. Jas. M. Beattie, Victoria ^.,dau. William Whitehill (b. Arp. 23,
1848.) Member of Ref. Pres. Ch. No Children.
He d. in Groton, Nov. 19, 1897.
iii. Nancy E.,3 b. Groton, Feb. 13, 1842; m. in Ryegate, March 9, 1876, by
Rev. J. M. Beattie, Oscar J. Gibson, q. v.
i. Frank James.,* b. Nov. 2, 1877.
ii. Truman W.J.,* b. Aug. 4, 1879.
iii. Alexander H.,* b. Nov. 21, 1883.

334 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

3 Isaac Page.s (John, 2 John, i) b. Feb. 19, 1834; m. Nov. 12, 1857, Marinda

J., dau.John,2 Orr, (b Oct. 25, 1837; d. Feb. 4, 1905.) He d. July
29, 1900.
Children :
i. Lovine R.,* b. Sept. 1, 1858; m. Francis J. Keenan, q. v.
ii. Laura J.,* b. May 29, 1860; m. June 20, 1880, Fred H. Smith and res.
Rutland. Ch. (1) Anna Laura.s [Smith,] b. 1882. (2) Robert.^
[Smith.] b. 1885. (3) James F.,5 [Smith] b. 1888. (4) Jessie

E.,sb. 1890.
iii. Georgianna,* b. March 24, 1863; m. R. Burns Abbott, q. v.
iv. Fred Isaac,'* b. June 25, 1869; res. Middlesex, Vt., not m.

4 HuGH,3 (John,2 John,i) b. June 9, 1836; m. by Rev. P. W. Fuller, Feb. 6,

1866, Lucinda, dau. David Welch of Groton, v^^id. of H. A. Lowd (b.
April 15, 1833; d. Peacham, Dec. 31, 1903), Thev rem. to a farm in
Peacham, near East Cabot. He d. Feb. 18, 1907. '
Children :
i. Sarah Mehssa.* b. Ryegate, June 12, 1867 ; m. by Rev. John Bole, Oct.
20, 1897, John L. Frye, auctioneer of Danville, where she d. on the
Frye farm, May 27, 1905. Ch. (1) George Harvey Dunn, 5 [Frye,] b.
Dec. 9, 1899. (2) Addie Lucretia.s [Frye.] b. Aug. 3, 1901. (3)
Alice Emma, 5 [Frye,] b. Sept. 10, 1902. (4) Bessie Lucinda.^ [Frye,]
b. June 1, 1904. The last mentioned has her home with her aunt, Mrs.
Wm. J. White of South Ryegate.
ii. Martha L.> b. Oct. 24,1868; m. June 1, 1901, Wm. J. White of So.
Ryegate.

iii. William T.,* d. Nov. 19, 1870 ; res. Plainfield, Vt. Not m.

iv. Alvin H.,-* b. June 5, 1873 ; res. Peacham, Vt. Not m.

5 Alexander HARYEY,3(John,2 John.i) b. Ryegate, May 20, 1838; in Rutland,

a few years with his bro. James, bought a farm adjoining his father's,
rem. 1900, to Peacham. He m. by Rev. J. M. Beattie, Aug. 18, 1863,
Betsey Morrison Ricker (b. Sept' 29, 1832.) Members of Cong. Ch.
Peacham. He d. at P. July 7. 1907.
Children :

i. Ira McClary,* b. Sept. 25. 1867 ; d. May 5, 1879.

ii. Martha M."* b. Nov. 4, 1871 ; m. Harry E. Farrow, q. v.

DUNNETT.

In this work the history of the Dunnett family begins with Andrew Dunnett,
who was born in Wick, Scotland, Dec. 16, 1816, and emigrated to
America in 1842. He came via Quebec as far as Barnet, Vt., where
he resided several years. It was in this town that he was m. in 1848
to Christian Galbraith. Soon after this he moved to Peacham, living
there until 1858, when he moved to Newbvir\'. In 1867 he came to
Ryegate, which was his home until his death in 1881. Mr. Dunnett
^vas a wheelwright by trade, but after his marriage devoted himself
to farming. He was a prominent and active Christian man, being an
elder for a number of years in the Reformed Presbyterian church.
Six children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Dunnett, five in Peacham and one
in Newburv.
i. Jane, the eldest, married Lafayette Carpenter, who died about five years
ago, and still resides in Ryegate.

ii. Margaret, married Robert Meserve of Newbury and she died June 3,
1890.

iii. Alexander, was educated at Mclndoes Academy and the Randolph Nor-
mal School. He studied law with Nelson L. Boyden of Randolph,
completing the course at the Law School of Boston University. He
was admitted to the bar in Orange county in June, 1877, and com-
menced practicing law in Ryegate the same fall. In 1883 he removed
to St. Tohnsburv where he has since resided and where he is no\v in

GENEALOGY— DUNNETT. 335

partnership with L. P. Slack. Esq., the lieutenant-governor of Ver-
mont. Mr. Dunnett is regarded as one of the state's ablest lawyers
and is serving his second term as United States District Attorney.

iv. Jeannette Alice, married Angus Campbell at Newbury and died about
1874.

v. Clara, married Dr. John M. Gibson of Mclndoes where she now resides.

vi. George Henry, has lived in Ryegate since his earl\- childhood and is one of
the town's substantial farmers. His oldest sister, Mrs. Carpenter,
resides with him.

DUNS Y RE.

James, 1 b. Lanark, Scot., was a shoemaker in Glasgow; rem. to Edinburg;
m. Mary Roger, b. in Edinburg, where their ch. were b. and where all
but two d. Came to America, 1803, with two ch., Margaret and
James ; lived two yrs. on the Downie farm : bought land of Capt. John
Gray, lying e. of Robert Cochran's, owned in 1860 bv Wm. Gray,
where he d. 1832 ; she d. 1836 ; both bur. at Ryegate Corner.

Children :
i. Margaret, 2 b. 1791 ; m, Sept. 17, 1807, by Rev. David Goodwillie to

Capt. John Miller, q. v.
ii. James, 2 (James, i) b. Edinburg, Scotland, 1796; came to America with
his parents in 1803 ; lived \vith them, and on the farm which his father
bought of Capt. Gray; m. Oct. 28, 1819, Abigail, dau. Jonathan Page
(b. Mav 1, 1795). In 1836 they removed to Danville; she d. there
April 5,'l862, he rem. to Burke and d. there Sept. 2, 1876.
Children :
i. Marv R.,3 b. Aug. 7, 1820 ; m ; d in Marshfield, 1855.
ii. James. 3 b. Sept. 9, 1822 ; d. Danville, 1855 ; m. who m.2d Frank

Taylor of Walden.
iii. Jonathan G.,3 b. April 14, 1824; m. 1st, Feb. 11, 1846, Mary S. Meader.

2d, in Waterford, Vt., March 30, 1861, Marv S. Ricker.
iv. Josiah,3 b. May 2. 1827 ; m. at Newark, Feb. 2o, 1864. Mary J. Ricker.
V. William. 3 b. Aug. 5, 1829: m. at Lyndon, Vt., April 20, 1864, Melissa

Smith.
vi. Sarah Ann, 3 b Sept. 18, 1830; d. March 11, 1833.
vii. Robert C,,3 b. Mav 2, 1832 ; d. Jan. 23, 1836.
viii. Quincy,3 b. March 10, 1835; d. Danville, March 10, 1854.

ESDEN.*

James,! Ij, Paisley, Scotland, Oct. 16, 1759. His mother d. when he was born,
and he lived with his grandmother till he was seven, when his father
m. a \voman named Taylor and he \vent home and lived until his
father's death. His step-mother neglected him and he lived with an
uncle who \vas a miller and a meal dealer, who taught him the busi-
ness. His uncle died when he was 17, and he continued the business,
opening a small store in the mill. He m. in Houston parish, 1784,
Elizabeth, dau. James Neilson and entered the mercantile business in
Glasgow, which proved very successful. Deciding to come to America
they sailed from Greenock, March 10, 1800, in the Amsterdam packet
for New York, in company with Abraham Whitehill and family and
Walter Buchanan. They came via Hartford arriving in Ryegate, June
24th. He bought of Judge Cameron the farm afterward owned by
William Renfrew and now by Frank R. McColl, also the Blair farm.
His wife d. Feb. 25, 1829, in her 75th year (bur. in the West cemetery,)
and he m. 2d April, 1830, Jeannette, dau. James Forsythe (b. Stirling-
shire. Scotland, Feb. 22, 1811) he being 70 years old and she 19 yrs.

*By Mrs. Robert Esden.

336 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

I mo. 8 days. In 1835, he rem. to Topsham, and d. Jan. 28, 1842,
and is bur. there. His widow m. 2d, Wm. Warden, q. v. James Esden
built a saw mill on his farm, to saw the lumber for his large barn ; he
introduced many improvements in farming, and some of his sayings
passed into proverbs. In person he was six ft. in height, well propor-
tioned and of a light complexion. He was long a justice of the peace,
and known as Squire Esden. Member of Rev. David Sutherland's
(Congregational church) at Hath, N. H., often going there on a Satur-
day, staying with the minister, returning on Sunday evening. The
Esden farm in Topsham is now a pasture.
Children by 1st m. b. in Scotland, where the three eldest d.
i. James,- b. 1786; d. y.
ii. James,- b. 1788 , d. y.
iii. John, 2 b. 1890; d in Paisley.

iv. Jean, 2 b. June 21, 1792; m, William Renfrew q. v.
V. William, 2 b. 1794; d. Dec. 3, 1814.
By 2d marriage :

1 vi. David, 2 b. Ryegate, Dec. 17, 1831.

2 vii. Robert, 2 b. Ryegate, July 7, 1833.

viii. Jeannette,2 b.' Topsham,' 1837; m. 1st, 1861, Joel F.Welch of Groton.
One dau Evalyn. He d. Boston, 1872. 2d, 1880, Elhot J. Cawley of
Haverhill, N. H. Res. Holderness, N. H., with her dau. who m. Curtis
Burleigh,
ix. James, 2 b. Topsham, May 15. 1840 ; m. 1862, Julia, dau. Oliver S. and
Persis (Goodall) Flint of Bath. Thev lived on a farm in Peacham 35
vrs. He d. 1904. Ch. (1) Harlan J. ,3 b. 1864; farmer on home-
stead. (2) Clara P., 3 who d. 1879.

1 David.2 (James,!) b Ryegate, Dec. 17, 1831; ni. Oct. 3. 1857, Jane, dau. David

Wright (b. Oct. 18, 1837), the 2d marriage solemnized in America by
Rev. John Bole; farmer in Bath, 8 yrs., then in Groton; rem. to Ohio,
and went into railroad business; rem. to Sidney, Iowa, then to
Nevada where both d. and are bur. at Wadsworth ; she d. March 4,
1899.
Children at time of her death :
i Estelle,3 m. F. S. Voorhees, mining expert at Blair, Nevada.
ii. Henry W.,^ engineer on Central Pacific R. R. Res. Wadsworth, Nev. 4

chil.
iii. Herbert D.. 3 engineer on different railroads in the west ; res. Wadsworth,

Nev; 4 Cliil."^
iv. Clarence J. ,3 hardware merchant at Sidney, Iowa; 3 Ch.

2 Robert, 2 (lames, i) b. Rvegate. July 7, 1833 ; m. Bath. N. H., by Esq. Patter-

son; Jan. 24, 1860, Elizabeth, dau. David W^right (b. R. April 26,

1839.) Lived in Bath 8 yrs.; rem. to Peacham, and bought the Thad-

deus Stevens farm where they still live.
Children :
i. Corilla.3 b. Bath, April 6, 1861 ; d. June 27, 1862.
ii. Carrie J. ,3 b. Bath, N. H., Nov. 6, 1862; m Peacham, by Rev. John Bole,

Jan. 23, 1884, Wm. A. Ricker (b. Hardwick, Vt., June 8, 1861) ; drover

and in banking business ; res. St. johnsbury. Chil. ( 1 ) Alice L.,* grad.

Smith Coll., 1908; m. Jan. 27, 1911, Philip L. Thompson of St. J.

(2) Albert A.,* grad. Dartmouth Coll., 1911.
iii. Mattie P.,3 b. W. Barnet, June 6, 1871; m. bv Rev. John Bole, June 4,

1892, E. M. Taft of St. Johnsbury ; d. there Dec. 7, 1903.
iv. Clarence R.,3 b. Ryegate, Aug. 6, 1873; m. June 1, 1911, by Rev. J. K.

Williams, Mary Emily, dau. Russell Kinerson. At home.
V. George W.,3 b. Aug. 27, 1874; merchant at East Peacham; m. Abbie

Waterman of Thetford. Ch., Reginald,
vi. Isabella, 3 (twin to above); m. John H. Williams; res. Meriden, Conn.

Ch., Parnel.

GENEALOGY— ESDEN. 337

ESDEN.

James,2 son of James and Agnes (Renfrew,) b. near Paisley, Scotland, Nov. 12,
1809; came to Barnet when 21 yrs. old and the rest of the family
followed. Hem., 1842 by Rev. Thos. Goodwillie, Marion, dau. Wm.
and Isabel [Galbraith] Gilkerson; res. Barnet, Wheelock and Ryegate.
He d. Dec. 2. 1889; she died Ryegate, July 13, 1865.
Children : All born in Wheelock, except the youngest.
i. James, 3 b, Dec. 22, 1842; served in the 1st Vt. Cavalry till disabled by

disease; ret. home and d. Ryegate, April 4, 1863.
ii. Agnes. 3 b. Jan. 1, 1845; ra. Edward Rhodes, q. v.
iii. William, 3 b. Jan. 27, 1847; d. Montena, 111., Dec. 8, 1866.
iv. Annabelle,3 b. Oct. 14. 1849; d. Ryegate, May, 9, 1864.
V. MargaretJ.,3b. Sept. 22, 1851; d. R., Dec. 29 1881; m. Theodore W.

Smith, q. v.
vi. Janet. 3 b. Sept. 1852 ; m. S. F. Nelson, q. v.

vii. John, 3 b. Feb. 8, 1854; m. in Boston, 1877; 2 chil.. both d. He d. 1893.
viii. Mary G.,3 b. Passumpsic, Jan. 16, 1857; m. Henry J. Park, q. v.

FARROW.

Samuel Milton.i b. Aug 29, 1841; m. Barnet, July 2, 1867, Hannah Jewett'
dau. James Hall (b. Ryegate, Nov. 1, 184 2; d. Peacham, Apr. 30
1909) ; res. Peacham; members of Cong. ch.
Children :
i. Harry Elmer,^ b. May 29, 1868; farmer in Ryegate, owning the old
Knight farm.; He m. Oct. 10, 1893, by Rev. J. K. Williams, Martha
M., dau. A. Harvey Dunn (b. Ryegate, May 29, 1868). Members of
Cong, ch , Peacham.
Children all born in Ryegate. (1) Ira Dunn,3 b. June 27, 1896. (2) Sid-
ney Martin, a b. March 25,1898. (3) Theodore Glenn,3 b. Aug. 28,
1900. (4) Elmer Herbert,3 b. May 1, 1907.
ii. Gertrude Eliza,2 b. Nov. 16, 1875; m. Peacham, June 20, 1907, James
Burton Renfrew of Groton (b. Oct. 20, 1868). Ch. Irma Evelyn,3 b.
Groton, Apr. 2, 1910.

FARQUHARSON.

Robert,! (Wm, and Catherine [Glennie],) b. Strathdon, Aberdeenshire,
Scotland, Jan. 7, 1853 ; limited public school edu., served apprentice,
ship to the stone cutting and building trade. He m, March 31, 1880,
Elizabeth Munro; started for America next day; in Quincy, Mass., at
his trade 2y2 yrs.; came to So. R., with R. F. Carter one year; in part-
nership with M. F. McDonald and with him formed the "Blue Mt.
Granite Co.," afterwards agent 7 yrs. for Washington Life Ins. Co.;
return to granite bus., supt. of Osgood Granite Co., which employs
100 men on Government work. He is a naturalized citizen, and has
held offices. He m. 2d, Christy, dau. Alexander G. and Dora [Camp-
bell] Morrison, who came from the Highlands of Scotland, and now
reside at Hampton, P. Q.
Children by 1st marriage:
i. Robert Burns, 2 b. Quincy, Mass., Jan. 25, 1881.

ii. William S.,2 b. Quincy, Mass., July 14, 1882; owner the John Park farm ;
milk dealer. He m. Oct. 20, 1909, Minnie S., dau. James H. and Jane
[Townsend] Hooker.

iii. Elizabeth M.,2 b. Ryegate, Sept. 4, 1884.

iv. Catherine M.,2 b. Aug. 20, 1889; m. Feb. 10, 1909, Malcolm McDonald ;
res. Somerville, Mass. Ch. (1) Dorothy Isabell.a (2) Hector Arthur.*

338 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

By 2d marriage, all born in South Ryegate.
V. Dora Annie,2 b. June 10, 1896.
vi. Theresa Jean, 2 b. June 3, 1 898.
vii. Christy May. 2 b. May 1, 1900.
viii. Marion Kerr, 2 b. Dec. 2, 1903.
ix. Margaret Ellen, 2 b. Aug. 28, 1906.
1 Robert Burns, 2 b. Quincy, Mass., Jan. 25, 1881 ; ed. schools at So. Ryegate,
grad. Norwich Univ., 1903, C. E.; ent. U. S. Marine Corps as2d Lieut.
Jan. 16, 1901; attended school of application for marine officers, An-
napolis , Md., Feb. -Dec. 1904, graduating; on duty at N. Y. Marine
Barracks ; ordered to Culebra, W. I., with a draft of men on board U.
S. S Illinois, on duty there June-Sept , 1905 ; at N. Y. M. B., Dec.
1905-March 1906; com. 1st Lieut, in navy June 16, 1906; in re-
cruiting service in Minnesota, Ohio, Georgia and N. Y., April, 1906-
Sept. 1907; on duty U. S. S. Kearsage, Nov. '07-June 1908, making
the cruise ^Anth the Atlantic fleet through the Straits of Magellan, and
along the Pacific Coast ; ordered to S. S. Washington at San Diego, in
charge of marine detachment, July-Nov. 1908; on duty Mare Island,
then ordered to Puget Sound with detachment; on duty at Honolulu,
then at San Francisco ; ret. to Vt., 1910, now on duty at Philadelphia.
A self-made man of patience and perseverance. He m. at San Fran-
cisco, Jan. 2, 1909, Anna Wentworth, dau. Hen. T. C. Phinney of
Montpelier. Ch. Robert Burns, 3. b. Montpelier, May 11, 1910.

FINLAY.

Joseph, 1 of Scotch-Irish descent, came from Londonderry, Ireland to Lon-
donderry, N. H., commanded a volunteer com. in the rev. war, which
marched to Saratoga in 1777; m. 1st, Jane Taylor and had sons,
Hugh. Samuel, and Robert, 2d, Elizabeth Logan, and had dau's
Esther and Elizabeth.

Hugh, 2 (Joseph,') m. Jane Cochran. 6 chil. of whom Mary, 3 b. 1784, m. as
2d w. John, 2 (Wm.i) Nelson, q. v., and Joseph. 3

J0SEPH.3 (Hugh,2 Joseph,!) b. Acworth, N. H., Dec. 31, 1796; m. Ryegate, by
Rev. Wm. Pringle, Jan. 16, 1839, Margaret, dau. John, 2 (Wm.i) Gib-
son (b. Jan. 18, 1804; d. Apr. 7, 1891). They moved from Acworth
to Barnet (Mclndoes 1856) where he d. Aug. 3, 1872.
Children all born Acw^orth :
i. Wm. John,4^b, Oct. 9, 1839: ed. McI. Acad.; w-ent to Cal. via Isthmus,
March 27, 1869; in Cal. Arizona and Nevada; ret. July, 1877, res Mc-
lndoes with his brother.

ii. Mary Jane Dutton,* b. Sept. 12, 1 840 ; d. Jan. 11, 1846.

iii. Margaret Jennet,* b. Jan. 11, d. Feb. 9. 1843.

iv. Azro loseph.* b. Dec. 1, 1844; m. June 20, 1866, by Rev. Geo. M.
Wiiley, Ellen Jean.4 dau. Wm. J. ,3 (Robert, 2 Wm. i) Gibson (b. Jan. 15,
1841). She was ed. McI. F. Acad., teacher; member of Cong. ch. Mc-
Indoe Falls; lived in Ryegate, moved to Mclndoe Falls, Nov., 1876.
Children all born in Ryegate.
i. Effie Agnes,5 b. April 17, 1867 ; d. April 2, 1881.

ii. Alice Sophia, ^ b. Mav 31, 1869 ; ed. McI. Falls and St. Johnsbury Acade-
mies; was m. by Rev. H. R. Titus, McI. Falls, April 12, 1899, Howard
Lawrence Coles, M. D. (b. Brooklyn, N. Y.. June 6, 1867, son of Wm.
C. and Eleanor Jansen Coles of French Huguenot descent; ed. Cor-
nell Univ., and N. Y. Hoemeopathic Med. Coll., one year in Germany,
in practice at Tarrytown, N Y.) Members ot Ref. Dutch ch. Chil.
(1 ) Howard Finlay,6 b. March 6. 1900. (2) Charlotte Ellen,6 b. Feb.
9, 1907.

iii. Angeline Margaret, ^ b. Apr. 23, 1871.

LIEUT. ROBERT B. FARQUHARSON, U. S. M.

WILLIAM D. GRANT, 1 ST VT. VOLS.
CUBAN WAR.

GENEALOGY— FISK. 339

FISK.

Curtis B.,2 (Curtis, ^) b. Newbury, Aug. 28, 1836; res. Topsham ; m. Jan. 9,
1862, Margaret, dau. Walter Buchanan (b. R. Nov. 25, 1839); mem-
bers of Un. Pres. ch., Topsham, in which he is an elder.
Children all born Newbury :
i. Alonzo Bole, 3 b. March 10, 1864; attendant at N. H., Ins. Asy., 4 yrs.
Farmer on Galusha Hill, Topsham, owning the Geo. Eastman farm.
He m. April 19, 1802, Mrs. Abbie B., widow of Freemont Minard of
Groton. Ch. (1) Fannv Eva.-t b. Oct. 28, 1893. (2) Charles James,*
b. Oct. 19,1896. (3) Alonzo Nelson,* b. Nov. 11, 1901. (4) Roy
Curtis,* b. Nov.23, 1903.

ii. David Buchanan, 3 b. Dec. 28, 1869; farmer near So. Ryegate, owming the
Alexander Henderson farm, and other real estate ; he m. Dec. 27, 1893,
Clara F., dau. Hugh G. Gibson; members Un. Pres ch.. So R. Ch.
(1) Hugh Gibson.* b. .Apr. 15, 1895. (2) George C. A.,* June 18, 1902.

iii. Eunice Annette, 3 b. June 8,1879; grad. Wells River H. S., grad. 1900
from N. H. Ins. Asy. Training school for nurses ; attendant there
1900 — 4; reg. nurse at Concord, N. H., 1905—6. Grad. 1908 from
Polyclinic Hospital Med. Sch., nurse on childrens boat. New York to
Oceanic, 1907; supervisor and teacher of nurses at State Hospital,
Danvers, Mass., 1909 to date.

FLAGG.

Rev. James Wesson, b. Castleton, Vt., May 5, 1855; prepared for college a,
home., and PhiUips Acad., Andover, Mass. Grad. Middlebur3" Coll.
1878; teacher of mathematics and natural sciences in Burr and Bur-
ton Sem., Manchester. Vt.. 1878-'79; in Union Theo. Sem . 1879-81 ;
grad. Andover Theo. Sem., 1882; supplied in summer of 1880, 1st
Pres. ch., Alberton, P. E. I., and in the summer of 1881 the Cong, ch.,
Sudburv, Vt. Pastor, [une, 1882-1887 of 1st Pres. ch , So. Rvegate ;
1st Pres. ch., So. Framingham, Mass., 1887-93; Bethany Cong. Ch.,
Foxboro, Mass., 1893—1901; Pilgrim Cong, ch., Merrimac, Mass.,
1901 to present time. He m. Aug. 20, 1884, Sarah M. Cushman of
Manchester, Vt. : Ch. Marion Cushman, b. So. R., Aug, 7, 1885 ;
grad. Boston UnJv., aifd Lo'well Normal School; teacher in Whittier
School for young ladfeS.'Mertimae,- Mass.

FOLGER.

This family has long been extinct in this town, and the following record from
Mr. Mason with a few additions by Mr. Miller, is given for the benefit
of their descendants elsewhere. The dates of births and marriages are
from the town records.

Capt. Benjamin Folger of Nantucket ancestry, b. Charlton, Saratoga Co.,
N. Y., 1785; came to R. ab. 1815 and bought land high up on the
westerly slope of Blue Mountain, on or near the "old road." The
buildings are gone excepting an old barn and part of the orchard
remain. He was quite prominent in his time, held office and was cap-
tain in the militia. He m. 1st, Sept. 28,1818, Agnes, dau. James
Henderson (b. Nov. 3, 1793; d. March 31, 1831). 2d. 1832, Martha,
dau. Daniel Holt, (b. Apr. 19, 1803; d. May 17, 1852).
Children :
i. Abigail, b. June 26, 1820 ; m. Austin Slye, q. v.

ii. James Henderson, b. Aug. 16, 1822; m. 1857, a Miss Mears of Mclndoes.

iii. Thomas, b. Jan. 31, 1825; lived in Boston, in 1885.

iv. Eliza A., b. Jan. 23, 1827 . d. July 18, 1852.

340 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

By 2d marriage ,
V. Martha Maria, b. Sept. 23, 1 832 ; d. Jan. 1, 1850.
vi. Daniel, b. Jan. 30, 1834.. d. March 23, 1836.
vii. Harvey, b. Dec. 14, 1835; went to Cal
viii. Alfred B., b. Apr. 14, 1838; d. Boston, 1882.
ix. William S., b. March 8, 1840; enlisted in the army in the Civil war, and

never returned.
X. Mary Jane, b. Nov. 8, 1841; d. in Boston.
xi. Richard M , b, Au?. 29, 1842 ; went to Ottawa,
xii. John B., b. Oct. 6,"l846.
viii. James, no rec.

FORSYTH.

Jamks,^ b Sanchen, Stirlingshire, Scotland, 1786; m. Janet Hastingof Thorn-
hill, Stirlingshire, 1810. 4 ch. b. Scotland. Came to America, 1820,
landed at Boston, lived at Medford five years, gardener ; then came to
Ryegate and hired a farm of John Nelson ; lived there three yrs. and
rem. to Topsham, where he d. June 4, 1861.
Children :

i. Jennet,2 b. Scotland, Feb. 22, 1811 ; m. James Esden, q. v. and 2d, Wm.

Warden, q.v.
ii. James, 2 b. Scotland; m. 1st, Wealthy Huntley and 2d, Laura Thompson;

d. Trinidad, Colorado,
iii. William, 2 b. Scotland; m. 1st, Mrs. Arthur Henderson; 2d, Abbie Bates ;

d. in State of Washington,
iv. Susan, 2 b. Scotland, Feb. 22, 1820 ; m. Harvey N. Gates.
V. Mary, 2 b. Medford, Mass., Dec. 5, 1820; m. Calvin Mills of Topsham; d.

Jan. 5, 1897.
vi Ann, 2 b. m. Moses H. Randall of Newbury,

vii. Robert, 2 b. Ryegate, May 11, 1827 ; res. Topsham, farmer and drover;

he m. 1st, Avis Jones, who d. leaving one ch: who d. y. 2d, Adahne

[Boyce] Jones, who d. 1910. Ch. (l)son, d. y. (2) Everett L.,^ b.

May 17, 1870; grain dealer and town clerk at T. some years, no ^v

connected with the customs service at Derby Line. He m. Edith

Taplin.
viii. Jane, 2 m. Hiram Mills of T.
ix. David, 2. b. 1831 ; m. Sarah Leighton; lived in Bath, d. Woodsville, 1910.
X. John, 2 m. Jane Downie.

FULLER.

Orlando,! b. Newbury, Dec. 25,1817; farmer in Topsham; m. Mary Jane
Hamlet of Haverhill, N. H., (b. Aug. 17, 1822; d. Sept. 12, 1901).
He d. Topsham, March 6, 1889.
Children :
i. Caleb, 2 b. Topsham, Julv 5, 1845; farmer in Corinth; m. Diana Sever-
ance. Hed. in C. 1910.

ii. Alma, 2 d. at 2 years of age.

iii. Benjamin M.,2"b. March 15, 1849.

iv. Ambrose,2 b. Topsham, June 11, 1852 ; m. Jan. 22, 1879, Jane Colby.

V. Emma. 2 b, Bradford, Nov. 29,1856; m. Owen Delany, hotel keeper at
Rochester, N. H. She d. at Rochester, Aug. 29, 1884.

Benjamin M., 2 (Orlando, i) b. Topsham, March 15, 1849; farmer in T. till
1894; came to R. and bought the farm of Wm. J. Nelson. He m.
Jan. 11, 1877, Ida Jane, dau. Josiah A., and Lucinda (Gates) Keenan,
(b. Topsham, Feb. 14, 1855).

GENEALOGY— FULLER, 341

Children :
i. Maude Blanche,^ b. Topsham, Sept. 18, 1880; m. Sept. 25, 1902, George
B. Steele, (b. Peacham, April 15. 1879). Ch. (1) Edna Mae.-i b Rve-
gate. Dec. 4, 1903. (2) Burton Baylor,* b. Ryegate, Aug. 8,1905.
(3) Ida Louisa,'* b. Topsham, Dec. 9, 1908.
ii. Mabel L.,3 b. Topsham, July 11, 1885; m. Aug. 10, 1905, Dean Law-
rence Turnbull.

GARDNER

HuGH,i b. Glenshinnock, Parish of Erskine, Scotland, in 1751 ; came to
America and Ryegate in 1784. He brought two church certificates,
one dated at Inchinan June 7, 1783, stating that he had lived there
for six preceding years, signed by Archibald Davidson, Minister, and
another dated at Houston, May 15, 1784, that he had lived for one
year in the United parish of Houston and Kilallan, signed by John
Monteith, Minister, and William Stewart, Session Clerk. He was
long justice of the peace, and an elder in the Ref Pres. ch. Mr. Miller
says that Hugh Gardner was a cousin to Abraham and James White-
hill. His farm was that now owned by John H. Nelson, one of the
best in town. He m. by Josiah Page, Esq., Feb. 9, 1791, Mary, dau,
William Neilson (b. March 1772, in Scotland; d. Ryegate, Oct. 6,
1825, of consumption). He d. Feb. 1, 1815 ; bur. Blue Mt. Cem.
Children :
i, Jean, 2 b. Nov. 7, 1791 ; d. March 31, 1853 ; m. Alexander Gibson, q. v.
ii. Margaret,2 b. June 10, 1793 ; d. Feb. 3, 1843 ; m. George Nelson, q. v.

iii. Isabel, 2 b. April 12. 1795 ; d. Oct. 30, 1878 ; m. Edward Miller, q. v.

iv. Janet, 2 b. May 30, 1796; d. March 20, 1873; m. James Whitehill, q. v.
V. Agnes Nancy, 2 b. June 1, 1799 ; d. Nov. 25, 1883 ; m. James Peach ot
Newbury.

vi. William, 2 b. Oct. 4, 1801 ; d. Oct. 10. six days later.

vii. Mary,2 b. Nov. 27, 1802; d. Feb 21, 1886; m. William Whitehill q. v.
viii. WiUiam,2 b. Aug. 9, 1805; d. Oct. 15. 1879; m. Eliza Nelson; lived in
Newburv'.

ix. EHzabeth,2' b. Nov. 12, 1807; d. Aug. 13, 1881; m. John Randall of

Newburv^
X. Sarah, 2 b. Feb. 23, 1810 ; d. March 29, 34 days later.

xi. Hannah, 2 b. May 29, 1812; d. April 1818.

xii. Hugh, 2 b. May 29. 1812 ; d. May 1, 1869 ; m. Nancy Henderson ; lived in
Newbury.

The above dates are from the town record, but Wm. Gardner gave
Mr. Miller the date of his birth as Aug. 9, 1803; and Mrs. Randall's
Oct. 11, 1807. Hugh Gardner and his wife had 12 chil. and 83 gr.
chil. Six of his gr, sons were named for him. He was one of three
managers of the Scotch-American Co., who were elected after the res-
ignation of Gen. Whitelaw. He was a man of high character, resolu-
tion and industry, -\vho made an impression upon his generation. His
main business was farming but he had been a blacksmith in Scotland,
and was the first of the trade in this town. His death lett his widow
with a large family of young children, in straightened circumstances,
and they were relieved by the liberality of her brothers from time to
time.

GATES.

The emigrant ancestor of this family was Stephen Gates, second son of
Thomas Gates of Norwich, Norfolk Co., Eng. He came from Hing-
ham, Eng., to Hingham, in the province of Massachusetts Bay, 1638,
in the ship "Diligent," with wife, Ann (Hill) and two chil. He settled
in Hingham, rem. to Lancaster, where he lived in 1656, and later went

342 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

to Cambridge, where he d. 1662. He was in the 10th gen. from
Thomas Gates, Esq., of Higheaster and Thurstenbie, Essex, Eng.,
1327. The successive generations are as follows: I. Thomas; II.
William; III. Sir Geoftrej^ IV. William; V. Sir Geoffrey; VI. Geof-
frey; VII. Geoffrey; VIII. Peter; IX. Thomas; X. Stephen,
ii. Thomas, 2 his 3d son. b. 1642; m. July 6, 1670. Elizabeth Freeman of
Sudbury, Mass. They lived in Stow, Marlboro and Sudbury, and in
1670 went to Norwich, Conn. 11 ch.
iii. JosiAH,a (Thomas, 2 Stephen, i) b. Stow, Mass., 1682 ; m. Grace Rath-
bone, 1714; settled at Colchester, Conn. 7 chil., of whom Thomas
was a corporal in Capt. Holmes' Co., Conn, militia.
4 JosiAH,-!^ (Josiah,3 Thomas, 2 Stephen, i) b. Colchester, Conn., Jan. 15, 1722;
lived in Colchester, m. a Miss Stevens; came to Newbury, Vt. very
early with his sons Jacob, Jonathan and Ezra. Seems to have ret. to
Conn., as he served as a private in Capt. Levi Wells' Co., Col. Spencer's
Reg. 2d Conn., in the revolutionary war; at the siege of Boston, May
11, to Dec. 17, 1775 ; d. in the army at Orwell, Vt. Seven sons,
i. Reynolds, 5 settled in Canaan, N. H.
ii. Abner.5

iii. Daniel, 5 b. 1751 ; settled in New York ; m. Sarah Moore,
iv. Josiah,^ rev. sol.

1 V. Ezra,5 b. 1759.

2 vi. Jonathan,^ b. 1767.

vii. Jacob, 5 was a minute man in Capt. Thos. Johnson's Co., Newbury, 1775 ;
served 39 days in Capt. Simeon Stevens Co., 1779-1781; seems to
have d. in the army.

1 EzRA,5 ( Josiah,*) b. Colchester, Conn., 1759; rev. sol. from Conn., and in

passing through Newbury, was left there sick ; served in guarding and
scouting, and was one of the guard at Gen. Jacob Bayley's house
when it was attacked by Capt. I'ritchard, June 15, 1782, in which he
was wounded in the right arm; pensioner after 1783; kept the toll
bridge at Wells River some years ; lived awhile in Bath and bur. there,
although he d. in Newbury, 1844. 1st w. unknown ; 2d, m. Elinor,
dau Elihu Johnson and wid. of Lieut. Abial Chamberlin of Newbury.
3d, "the widow Deming," of Bath. He was a schoolmaster.

Children not in regular order,
i. Rachel, 6 b. ab. 1783; m, Stephen Nelson of Newbury; d. Jan. 7, 1869,

aged 86: (Cem at Newbury),
ii. Betsey, 6 b. ab. 1785; m. Moses Heath, q. v.
iii. Anna'6 b. ab. 1790; m. 1st, Curtis Johnson. 2d, Job Welton.
iv. Ezra, 6 b. ab. 1792; m. Elizabeth, dau. Samuel Ingalls (b. Dec. 6, 1796).

rem. to Iowa, 1855.
V. Hannah, 6 b. ab. 1794; m Robert Hodge, an Irish peddler, and rem. from

the state,
vi. Mercy, 6 b. about 1797, m. Nov. 20, 1817, Reuben Banfield, lived at So. R.
Rem. to Whitefield. N. H , had two dau's who m. John and Peter God-
dard of Bethlehem, N. H.

2 Jonathan, 5 (Josiah,-*) b. Colchester, Ct , 1767; came to Newbury, then to

Ryegate in Feb. 1775; farmer, carpenter, wheelwright, and a rafts-
man on the river. Bought land where Samuel Clough, and later, John
S. Clough afterward lived He m. April 5, 1790, by Josiah Page, [ean,
dau. Archibald Taylor (b Scotland ab. 1770; d. April 26, 1803).
Bur. in the "Old Scotch Cemetery " on Wm. McLam's farm. About
1805, he rem. to the w. part of the town and bought land of James
Sanderson, where his son Moses afterwards lived, between Alex
Renfrew's and Claud Brock's; only the cellar marks the spot About
the same time he m. 2d, Marion Wallace, from Paisley, Scot., who
d. May 15, 1853, aged 75. He d. June 5, 1853; bur. in West cem.
Members of Ref. Pres. ch.

GENEALOGY— GATES. 343

Children all by 1st marriage.

3 i. Ezra.sb. June 27. 1791.

ii. Mary,6 b. March 17, 1793; d. 1853; m. WilHam Randall of Newbury.
(See History of Newburv).

4 iii John,6 b Oct. 9, 1794. ( Rv another rec. Oct. 4, 1797).

iv. Jean,6 b. Oct. 6. 1795 (by another rec. Oct. 4, 1795,) d. April 30, 1834;
m. Moses Hatch of Groton.

5 V. Moses, 6 b Dec. 29, 1708 (by another rec. Dec. 18, 1798). —

vi. Nancy, 6 b. Dec 28, 1800; m. 1st Hiram Work. 2d, — Martin; 3rd,

Peter Alcrrill.

6 vii. Hannah, 6 b. March 23, 1803; m. 1st, Hiram Woods; 2d,Ashael Burring-

ton.

3 Ezra 6 (Jonathan, 5 Josiah.-i) b. R3'egate. June 27, 1791 ; blacksmith. Hem.

ab. 1814, Elizabeth, dau, Abraham Whitehill (b. Aug, 5, 1788; d.
Aug. 5, 1853) a few davs after the death of her son Nehemiah. He
d. Sept. 28, 1830. Mem'bers of Ref. Pres. ch.
Children :

7 i. Wimam,7b. Feb. 11, 1815.

ii. John,'^ b. ab 1818 ; went west, and was di owned in Wisconsin,
iii, Nancy, 7 b. Sept. 1, 1821 : m. John C. Page, q. v.
iv. Moses, 7 b. 1824; rem. to Wisconsin, later to Minnesota.
V, Mary Jane,7 b. Aug. 14, 1826; m. July 4, 1853, in Bath, Valentine, s. of
Caleb Morse (b. Haverhill. N. H., Sept. 29, 1810; d. Sept. 22, 1865).
Lived in Newbury (Boltonville). d. ab. 1895. Chil. (1) Ehzabeth
M.,s [Morse] b. March 26, 1855; m. 1873, George Bill of Hollis, N.
H. (2) Mandana,8 [Morse] b. Haverhill, Mav 4, 1857; lived in Bos-
ton. (3) Ida Josephine,^ [Morse] b. Haverhill, April 16, 1859 ; m.
May 1, 1876, Edwin R. Abbott of Boltonville. (4) dau. d. in child-
hood,
vi. Eliza,7 b July 13, 1826; m. March 14, 1850, Alexander Roy of Barnet.

Ch , Ezra J., Moses H., John C, Elmer E. She d. July 5. 1868.
vii. Nehemiah,7 b. July 1829, blacksmith; enlisted 1862, in Co. F, 15th Vt.,

d soon after ret. home, July 31, 1863.
viii. Maria, ■'^ m. Wm. Arthur, q.v.

4 John, 6 (Jonathan, 5 Josiah,*) b. Ryegate, Oct. 9, 1794; owned, cleared and

carried on the 100 acre farm (now pasture) next north of T. A.
Aleader's ; he also taught singing school, was a man of energy and in-
tegrity ; at one time he went on foot to Ohio seeking a new home, and
ret. on foot to R3'egate. Hem. 1818, by Rev. James Milligan,

Janet, dau. Alexander Holmes (b. May 16, 1800 ; d. in Groton, Ma'ch
24,1840). He d. Dec. 19, 1841. Members Ref Pres. ch, bur. in the
West cemetery, with three oldest daughters.

Children ;
i. Nancv,7 b. Sept. 24, 1820; d. Feb. 6, 1848.
ii. Mary, 7 b. July 1 , 1823 ; d. May 1, 1845.
iii. Jane, 7 b. May 29, 1825; d. Feb. 6, 1848, seven hours before her sister

Nancy,
iv. James Milligan, 7 b. 1826; d. Sept. 2, 1833.

8 V. ElnathanJohnston,7 b. Sept. 7, 1828.

vi. Eliza,7 b. June 29, 1830; m. Edward Miller, q. v.

vii. Christina,^ b. Aug 27, 1832; m 1st, Robert Lang, q.v. 2d, David
Lang. q. v,

9 viii. James Milligan,^ b. Oct. 22, 1834.

10 ix. John,7 b. May 21, 1838.

5 MosES,6 (Jonathan, 5 Josiah,*) b. Dec. 29,1798. Lived with his father, and

succeeded him on the farm. He m. 1st, June 21, 1824. Eliza Wille}-,
who d Julv 12, 1H26, leaving one ch. 2d, March 4, 1828, Margaret,
dau. Robert Hall (h. May 27, 1799; d. AIarch21, 1884). He d. Dec.
20, 1889 ; bur. in West cem.

344 HISTORY OF RTEGATE, YKKMONT.

Children :
i. Augustus,^ b. May 14, 1825; d. 1853.
By 2d marriage :

ii. Eliza Jane. 7 b Dec. 15, 1828; m. Archibald Caldwell, q v.

iii. Lucinda.^ b. Oct. 7, 1830; m. Josiah Keenan, q. v.

iv. Michael,7 b. Feb. 22, 1832 ; d. March 28, 1846-

Y. Zerviah,7 b. June 26, 1833; d. Jan. 14, 1910; m. June 5, 1856, Harvey
N. Clark of Cabot. Ch., Mantie, who m. Frank Palmer of Danville.
1 ch , Ray.

vi. Benjamin F., 7 b, Feb. 20, 1825. Res Mountain View, Iowa. Ch. Ma-
bel, m a Mr. Stricklett.

vii. Flora. 7 b. Nov. 19, 1836; m. 1860, Reuben Clark of Cabot and rem. to
Barre. Ch. (1) Evalyn, who m. Frank Fisher ofBarre; 2 ch. (2)
Edna, grad. Emerson Sch. of Oratory, cl. of 1893; d. same vr.
viii. Calvin Knox, 7 b. Oct. 13, 1838 ; en. as private, Co. I. 9th Vt., dis.

d of disease contracted in the armv, Oct. 27, 1864; bur. Westcem.

ix. Clara,7 b. Jan. 27. 1841 ; m. Jackson P. Miller, q. v.

X. Robert Hall, 7 b Dec. 14, 1842; res. So. Ryegate, carpenter; session clerk,
Ref Pres. ch. He m. 1st, Mar. 23. 1870, Sophronia, dau. John McLam
(b. March 23, 1852; d. July, 1874). 2d, Dec. 8, 1881, Nancy (Smith)
widow of David Bone. Ch. (1) Mary Sophronia. ^^ b. May 25, 1883;
teacher at Newburv ; m. Mav 25, 1908, Geo. Leon Tyler of W. New-
bury. Ch , George Robert, » [Tvler] b. March 1, 19U9. (2) Ruth
Anne. 8 b. Aug. 20, 1S89.

xi. Scott L..7 b May 13, 184-6; m. Nov. 1872, Helen McLaren of Barnet.
Ch. (1) Geo McLaren^, res. Barre. (2) Ernest^, res. Schenectady, N.
Y , m. Mrs. Annie Hall, who d. Feb. 13, 1910; twin daus. b. Feb. 10.
1910.

6 Hannah,6 (Jonathan. 5 Josiah,^-) b. R. March 23, 1805; ra. 1st, April 27.

1830 ; Hiram Woods 2d, Ashael Burrington of Greensboro, Vt,
Lived in Groton ; she d. Jan. 8, 1854.

Children all by first marriage:
i. Mary Jane,7 [Woods] b May 19, 1832; m. William Wilson; d. Nov. 25,

1882. One dau., m. John Davidson, q. v.
ii, Eunice T.,7 [Woods] b. May 25, 1835; m. E. G. Lind of Ryegate, q v.,

d. 1907.
iii. John T..7 [Woods] b. July 28, 1836

iv. Hiram T.,7 [Woods] b. Oct. 25, 1838; m. Rosina Darling.
V. Roxanna B.,7 [Woods] b. April 14, 1840; d. Nov. 16; 1847.

7 William, 7 (Ezra, 6 Jonathan. s Josiah.*) b. Ryegate. Feb. 11, 1815; carpen-

ter and mill-wright. Went to Plainfield, 111., 1838, and m. Jan. 1,
1840, Maranda, dau. Dea. Benjamin Fowler, from Woodbury, Vt.
Rem. to Rochester, 111., same yr., farmer, also builder; held public
office, being assessor for his town 31 yrs. He d. April 15, 1892; she
d. Jan. 7, 1904.

Children :

i. lohn,8 b. Feb. 6. 1840; d. Nov. 1851.

ii. Louisa,8 b. Feb. 15, 1843; m. Jan. 1, 1863. B. P. Hewitt, who d. June
11, 1905. Ch. (1 ) Nellie M.,9 [Hewitt] b. Mav 16, 1868; m. Joseph
Chessman. (2) WilHam Gates. » [Hewitt] b April 7, 1871; d. May
10, 1903. 1 son. (3) Frank E.,» [Hewitt] b June 12, 1876. (4)
Louisa M ,» [Hewitt] b. June 12, 1876; d. April 18. 1891. (5) Abbie
J ,9 [Hewitt] b. Nov. 11, 1879; m Mr Shaub. 2 ch. (6) Linda E.,9
[Hewitt] b. June 5, 1882 ; m. R. Vaugh.

8 Elnathan Johnston, 7 (John,^ Jonathan, s Josiah. *) b. Sept. 7, 1828; rem. to

Rochester, Minn., where he d. May 24, 1904. He m. Jane Waldron of
Venice, N. Y., farmer and mechanic; invented and patented the "Gates
Hoe"

GENEALOGY— GATES. 345

Children :
i. Ann Eliza.s b. Oct. 15, 1856 ; m. Jan. 4. 1875, Martin Boardman ; farmer,
Warner, So. Dak. She d. Jan. 22 1896. Ch. (1) Ella Jane,9 [Board-
man] b. Jan. 18, 1876. (2) Archie Guy,^ [Boardman] b. Nov. 4, 1878.
(3J Alice,9 [Boardman] b. May 24, 1891. (4j Helen,9 [Boardman]
b. March 16,1893.
ii. John W.,8 b. Rochester, Minn., March 31, 1858; res. R , coal dealer. He
m. March 20, 1883, Ella M., dau. James M. Gates.7 Members of
Christian ch. Ch. (1) Lloyd Leonard, » b. June 21 ; d. Nov. 8, 1886.
(2) Elnathan Vernon, 9 b. Feb. 5. 1888;ed. Minn. Univ. (3) Anna
Lola. 9 b. March 21, 1890. (4) Leon Leonard 9 b. June 10, 1892.

iii. Frank M, 8 b. May 4, 1861 ; grad. Law Dept., Mich. Univ. Traveled
much, find is supposed to have d. in So. Am.

iv. Arthur E.,® b. April 19, 1863 ; res. Madison, So. Dak., manager of grain
elevator and station agent. He m. Nov. 1886, Sue Babcock. Ch,
Glen Everett.9 b. July 6, 1882.
T. George Burt,8 b. 1864; res. Madison, So. Dak., K. R. conductor; m.
1st, April 3, 1889. Grace Sweet, who d. March 25, 1896. He m. 2d,
May 28, 1898. Florence Santee Ch. bv 1st m. (1 ) Adabelle,9 b. Jan.
2. 1887. (2) Flossie L.,9 b. June 2, 1891. (3) Elnathan J. ,9 b. June
22,1893. (4) Blanche G., 9 b. April 25,1895, By 2d m. (5) Eliza-
beth J. ,9 b. Aug. 16, 1905. (6) Marion,9 b. Dec. 16, 1907.

vi. Harvev L., 8 res. Rochester, Minn., jeweler, insurance and real estate; m.
Dec. 1889, Martha Lamb. Ch. (l)Gladvs,9 d. 1893. (2) Clifford
C.,9 b. Jan. 11, 1894. (3) Howard M.,9 b. March 6, 1903. (4) Leon-
ard.9 b. March 2, 1907.

vii. Fred, 8 b. Dec. 1868; d Oct. 17. 1869.

viii. Joseph A.,8 b. Sept. 9, 1871 ; res Kenvon, Minn. Phvsician ; twice rep in
legislature. Hem. June 1 0, 1896, Jennie Clark. Ch. ( 1 ) Eln.tthan C..9
b.'june 23, 1897. (2) Russell, 9 b. Oct. 18, 1898. (3) Nellie J. ,9 b. July
31, 1902. (4) Joseph, 9 b. May, 1906. (5) Jennie, 9 b. July. 1907.

ix. Thomas H.,8 res. Rochester, Minn., optician and jeweler; m. June, 1902,
Mattie Holt. Ch. Gertrude L.,9 b. Julv 17, 1905.

X. Martha, 8 d. 1881, aged 6 yrs.

9 James Milligan,7 (John, 6 Jonathan. s Josiah,^) b. Oct. 22, 1834. Reared in

family of Miller Craig, after death of parents; rem. to Pickwick,
Minn. Farmer, beekeeper, and member of school board. He m. Nov.
13, 1858, Adelaide Outhouse, (b. Kenosha Co., Wis., 1842; d. Mar.
7, 1911.)
Children :

i. Ella. 8 b. Richmond, Minn., Aug. 23, 1859; m. March 20, 1883, John W ,7
(Elnathan J ,6) Gates.

ii Anna, 8 b. Richmond, March 29. 1862; dressmaker; m. March 26, 1891,
Ernest Gross, farmer (b. Nov 8, 1868). Res Pickwick, Mmn.; bap-
tists. Ch. (1) Albian Otis,9 [Gross] b. Apr, 28, 1892. (2) Alta
May,9 [Gross] b. March 25, 1897. (3) James Milton,9 [Gross] b. Oct,
21, 1899.

iii. Charles Albert. s b. Aug. 11. 1868; grad. 1888, Fowler and Wells Phren-
ological Institute, New York. Farmer, and lecturer on phrenology;
res. Pickwick, Minn. He m. Dec. 25, 1890, Belle Umberger. Ch. son
b. .^pr 1905 ; d a week later,
iv. Frederic William, 8 b. Feb. 25, 1872; grad. Minn. Normal Sch.. 1895,
Wis. Univ , 1899 ; .\I. A. from Univ. of Minn., 1907 ; member of Sigma
X Soc. Prin. High School at Rochester, Minn., 1899-1905; Instruc-
tor of mathematics in North side High School, Minneapolis. He m.
Aug. 25, 1898, Marv Hatch (b. March 1, 1874), grad. Minn. State
Normal Sch.. 1894. Members of Pres. ch. Ch. (1) Helen Ruth.9 b.
Sept. 27, 1 901 . (2 ) Alice Maurine,9 b. June 15, 1907.

10 JoH.N,7 (John,6 Jonathan, 5 Josiah ■*■) h. Groton, May 21, 1838; parents d. be-

fore he was three yrs. old ; lived with relatives, then with his uncle,

346 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

James Holmes 20 yrs. He m. 1st Feb. 20, 1868, Eliza, dau. Isaiah
and Rachel (Orr) Emery (b. Feb. 16, 1848; d. April 23. 1880). Lived
in Peacham 5 3'rs., rem. to Boston 1872, lamplighter in the Back Bay
Dist., 5 yrs Ret. to R. 1877 and bought the old Holmes farm ; farmer
and mechanic ; ruling elder in Ref. Pres.ch , Barnet. Hem 2d, June 15,
1881, Maria, dau. Wm. Caldwell.
Children by 1 st marriage :
i. John Nelson, 8 b. Peacham, March 22, 1869; res Los Angeles, Cal., bridge
builder, So. I'ac. R R., also in mail service. He m. at Pomona, Cal.,
June 5, 1895, Ida Mary Brown. Ch. (1) Ruth, 9 b 1896. (2) Nor-
man 9 b. 1899.

ii. Infant, b. and d. 1872.

iii. Herbert Loren,9 b. Boston, June 3, 1874; d Oct. 11, 1875.

There was also an Elnathan Johnston Gates who lived in Rye-
gate, and was m. at Newbury, March 31, 1801, by Rev. Nathaniel
Lambert to Mary Johnston Mr. Miller does not seem to know how
he was related to the family. Other members of the Gates family in
R , whose precise connection with it is not known were Sally, who m.
Sept. 18, 1799, Stephen Meader, and Mrs. Sarah Gates who m. March
15, 1792, Nicholas Chamberlin.

GEBBIE.

George, son of John and Elizabeth (Patterson) Gebbie, (who were both born
in Scotland, and were the parents of eight children) b. Greensboro,
Vt., May 9, 1856. He m , Oct. 2, 1883, Sarah A. Anderson of Crafts-
bury. Chil. Hugh M., John VV.,and Lois S., all living. Mrs. Gebbie d.
Apr. 13, 1893. He came to R., Nov. 10, 1896, and m. 2d., Apr. 19,
1899, Arabella, dau. J. H. Symes. They settled on the Robert Miller
farm, which was formerly that of Alexander Miller, Sr.
Children:
i. Infant, b. and d., Dec. 25, 1900.
ii. Emilv S., b. Dec. 17, 1901.
iii. Pheh'e E. b. Apr. 27, 1903.
IV. Annie M , b. Feb. 16, 1905.
v. George T. Jr., b. May 31, 1907.

GEORGE.

John, of English descent, came from Hopkinton, N. H., with his wife and 15
chil. and settled in Topsham, in a part of the town now called George
Hill where two more chil. were b. to them. They ^vere a very active
enterprising family, and their descendants are widely scattered.

Edmund, 2 (Johni,) settled on the farm now owned by Duncan McKay in Top-
sham erecting a log house on the other side of the road from the
present buildings and where all the children were born, and in which
he liyed at the time of his death. Farmer and drover going to Bos-
ton several times a year with droves of cattle and sheep. When
past 84 his mind failed: he imagined himself still a drover and one cold
night wandered from home and was found after several hours search,
frozen to death. The name of his wife was Joanna Flanders.

William Thompson, s (Edmund, 2 John, i) b. Topsham, June 18, 1818, remov-
ing to Topsham village in 1856. Farmer on homestead. Auctioneer,
Constable, High Sheriff of Orange County, Town Representative, and
State Senator, Collector of Internal Revenue, and while holding that
ofhce. captured no fewer than 15 illicit stills for making whiskey and
brandy. While engaged in searching for a still in Corinth, he was
shot at by a man by name of Wilson. Republican in politics and a

GENEALOGY — GATES. 347

very strong temperance man. He was m. by Rev. Stillman Morgan,
Mar., 12, 1842 to Harriet B. dau. Charles Weed, (b. Dec. 4. 1816 ; d.
Ryegate, May 30, 1903.) He d at Topsham, May, 14, 1883.
Children all born in Topsham :
i. Alvah Sawyer,-* b. Nov. 29, 1851; m. at Corinth, Vt., March 31, 1877,
Rosa B., dau Albert Smith.

ii. William Thompson,* b. Oct. 19, 1853. q. v.

iii. Charles Edward,* b. Dec. 8, 1856. Res in Boston, in wholesale
grocery store

Wm. T.,4 (Wm. T.,3 Edward, 2 John.i) b. Topsham, Oct. 19, 1853. Common
school ed and one term at Bradford Academy. Clerk in store of Dun-
can Stewart, Topsham, then two years with A. H. Bailey at Montpe-
lier In store of G. L. Hall, So. Ryegate, 1879-84. Manager of the
Granite Works store, clerk for P. Gibson and Son two years, then
learned the trade of granite polisher; in partnership with Wm. Terry
and A. T. Gay, three years, then with Mr. Terry till May 1, 1901.
Manager of feed store for E. Forsyth, Proprietor of same since Feb. 1,
19()i. Has held town offices, also has been employed in the settlement
of estates. Member of Ref Pres. ch. since 1880. Ord Elder, March
2^. 1889, clerk and treasurer 15 years. He m. at Topsham by Rev. J.
C K. Paris, Oct. 29, 1884, xMailaT., dau. Calvin Mills, b. Topsham.
Jan. 19, 1854. (Teacher in Topsham and Newbury, clerk in store
in Manchester, N. H. Member some years Ref. Pres. Ch.)

GIBSON.

Robert Gibson, of Scotch birth or parentage, farmer in County Down, Ire-
land, was educated at Glasgow University as were his sons, William,
Patrick and James.

* William,! son of Robert and Joanna (Mc Whirr) b. Knockbracken, Co Down,
Ireland, July 1, 1753, was graduated at Glasgow, Univ., 1775, and
settled over a Presbyterian congregation in Ireland, but being impli-
cated in the Irish rebellion, came to America in 1794. He was the first
settled minister in Ryegate, being installed over the Reformed Presby-
terian congregation July 10, 1799, and resigned April 13, 1815. For
an account of his ministry, see Chap. XIV. Mr. Gibson was a man of
fine appearance m the pulpit, a profound theologian, and a fine classi-
cal scholar. His farm, which was purchased from the widow of John
Ritchie was sold Nov. 2, 1818, by Robert Whitelaw, agent to Rev.
James Milligan. and by him to John Hall in the next year, and by
Hall to Josiah Quint in 1858, the latter selling it in 1862 to Hugh G.
Miller. During the first year of his ministry he lived in the family of
James Whitehill. When the first Reformed Presbyterian Synod was
constituted at (Philadelphia, in May 1809. Mr. Gibson was made mod-
erator, and was intrusted with much of the work of organizing the
Covenanting churches. He was very influential in inducing young
ministers in the north of Ireland to come to America and several cler-
gymen who afterward became very prominent, Avere thus brought
here. Mr. Miller says that in his younger days he was spoken of by
old people as Priest Gibson. Ins. over the Ref. Pres. congregation at
Canonsburgh, Pa., Oct. 13, 1817, and dismissed 1831, residing in
Philadelphia, occasionally preaching until near his death in New York
City, Oct. 15, 18.38, in his 85th year. In person he was tall and
robust, possessing a clear and very distinct utterance. He m. in
Ireland, 1787, Rebecca, dau. John and Jennie (Trobridge) Mitchell,
who d. at Philadelphia, Aug. 14, 1835.
Children ; the 4 oldest b. in Ireland, the others in Ryegate.

*The authorities for the sketches of Rev. Wnj. Gibson's descendants are, the Life ot
CoL David Jameson and various biographies and other works, including Sprague's "An-
nals of the American Pulpit."

348 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

1 i. John.2 b. 1790.

2 ii. Robert, 2 b. Oct. 1, 1793.
iii. William. 2 d. young.

iv. Jane, 2 never m ; lived with her sister Rebecca in Baltimore and Philadel-
phia, but d. Paterson, N. J.
Y. Susannah, 2 b. Ryegate, Oet. 2, 1800; m. an architect named Algeo of
Pittsburgh, Pa., and went to Miss. A son became mayor of Beaver
Falls, Pa.
vi. Marv.2 b. Oct. 26, 1803 ; m. James Scott of Beaver Co.. Pa., d. 1869. 3

chil.
vii. Rebecca, 2 b. Sept. 26, 1804; never m., d. Paterson, N. J.
4 viii. WilliamJ.,2b.July 24, 1807.

1 John, 2 ( William, i) b. in Ireland, came with parents to Ryegate, and educated

in common schools here, and under his father's instruction, attended
Vt. Univ., became a Covenanting minister, and vi^as widely known as
a very eloquent man ; also as the principal of a noted classical school.
He m. at Baltimore Sept. 27, 1821, Elizabeth, dau. Horatio Gates,
and Catherine Jameson (b. Wheeling. W. Va., Feb. 20, 1801; d. York,
Pa.. Nov. 9, 1855). He d. at Duncansville; Pa., June 2, 1869.

Nine chil. of whom William, 3 the eldest, entered the navy, and rose
to the rank of Commander, and was in service on the Pacific coast,
and in the Mexican war; during the Civil War in the Atlantic service.
Has also published several volumes of poems and travels. He d.
Atlantic City, Oct. 23, 1887; m. Miss Addison of New Orleans.

John, 3 the 3d son, became a lawyer at York, Pa., captain of mili-
tia in the civil war. delegate to the Cons. Con., 1872, Ap. 1881, Judge
of the 19th judicial dist. of Pa. Prepared an historical sketch of
York Co.

Horatio Gates. 3 2d son of Rev. John Gibson, b. Baltimore, May 22,
1827 ; grad. West Point, 1847 ; in Mexican war as lieut. in artillery ;
in the Civil war in several important battles, promoted Capt , Lt.-
Col , and Col., for meritorious service, and Brig. Gen. of Vols. Also
pro. Major, Colonel and Brig. Gen. in regular army; now ret. Wash-
ington, D. C. He m. March 16, 1863, Harriet L. Atkinson of St.
Louis.

Robert, 3 youngest son of Rev. John Gibson, lawyer at Warrens-
burg, Pa., went to Missouri, and he became a captain in the Confeder-
ate army; ret. to W. and d. there, Dec. 10, 1861.

A dau, of Rev. John Gibson m. John H. Hopkins, bank president
at Pittsburgh, and member of Congress. Another m. Frederick J.
Nelson, a lawyer of Frederick, Md.

2 Robert, 2 (William, i) b. Ballymena, Ire., Oct. 1, 1793; came to R. with par-

ents and educated here ; studied in the Ref Pres. Sem. at Philadelphia ;
ord. and ins. pastor of Beaver Dam (Pa.) cong., Sept. 6, 1819, res.
1831 ; pastor 2d Ref. Pres. ch., N. Y. City, 1831-36, res. on account
of failing health ; spent the year 1836 in Ryegate, occasionally preach-
ing ; went to the north of Ireland, 1837 and preached six mos. in his
father's old parish. He m. 1st, Mary Ann Harvey who d. N. Y. City,
Aug. 10, 1824. 4ch. 2d, Mary A. Lindsay of Phila., who d. 1840.
1 s. who d. y. He d. N. Y. City, Dec. 22, 1837.

A son of his, Wm. J. Gibson, 3 was a lawyer at LaCrosse, Wis.>
speaker of the Wis. House of Representatives ; major of the 31st Wis..
in the Civil war, and d. while in command of the Post at Columbus,
Ky., Sept. 9, 1863. Bur. with military honors at La Crosse.
4 William J. ,2 ( William, i) b. Ryegate, July 24, 1807; educated it is under-
stood, at Duquesne, (Penn.) College; studied theology with his
father ; became a prominent and influential minister of the Pres. ch.
in Pa. , and presided over several of its synods and presbyteries ; in the
ministry at Philadelphia and received the degree of D. D. Toward
the end of his life he prepared a valuable and interesting history of

GENEALOGY— GIBSON. 349

the Huntington Presbytery. Chaplain in the Civil war of the 45th
Penn. Dr. Gibson revisited Ryegate several times. He m. 1st, May
17, 1832, Cassandra [ameson, sister of the wife of his brother John
(b. Somerset. Pa., Aug. 10, 1798; d. 1865). 6 chil., all dead. 2d.
1867, Elizabeth Murray. Two sons, Robert, who became a physi-
cian and, William J. Rev. Dr. Gibson d. Duncansville, Pa., Aug.
1883. The Gibson memorial church at Martinsburgh, Pa., is named
for him.

GIBSON.

The first of the name of whom we have any knowledge is Alexa.nder Gibson,
b. Scotland, 1676. Other data lacking. Robert Gibson, his son, b.
Dec. 25,1725; m. 1st, Feb. 12, 1747, and his wife d. Oct. 27, 1758.
He m. 2d, March 5, 1760 and his wife d. April 5, 1770. He m. 3d,
Feb. 21, 1771, date of her death unknown. One of his wives was
named Marion Craig, and it is thought she was his 3d wife. An old
family Bible now owned by Milo Gibson of'Barnet bears the following
inscription :

'• Marion Craig
her Book, 1771,
b Jean Gibson's

Paisley, 4. Feb'y, 180.3.
Marion McCuUough
her Bible,
March, 1812."

Later names on a sheet of writing paper which has been inserted
are:

" David Gibson
his Book, 1841.
Mrs. Margaret James, 1878.
James Gibson, 1902."

Upon the death of James Gibson in 1903 this book became the
property of his son, M. D. Gibson, being later given to the latter's
son, Milo A. Gibson.
Children of Robert Gibson of Scotland. By 1st marriage:
I. Margaret, b. Jan. 20, 1748, Other data lacking.
II. Alexander, b. June 18, 1 750. Other data lacking.

III. Agnes, b. June 1, 1752. Other data lacking.

IV. William, b. Aug. 4, 1754.

V. Elizabeth, b. Apr. 2, 1757. Other data lacking.
By 2d marriage :
VI. Robert, b. Oct. 22, 1761.

VII. Jean, b. April 22, 1763. Other data lacking.
VIII. Janet, b. Jan. 11, 1767. Other data lacking.
IX, Jean, b. July 21, 1768. Is believed to have d. y.
By 3d marriage :
X. Jean, b. Jan. 30, 1772. She is thought to have m. a man named McCul-
lough ; emigrated to America in 1802.
XI. Alexander, b. Aug. 11, 1777. Other data lacking.

Of these children William and Robert settled in Ryegate. We
consider first the descendants of William.

William Gibson Family.

William,! b. Aushenloden farm. Renfrewshire, 3 m s. w. of Paisley, Aug. 4,
1754; farmer; m. Feb. 6, 1777, Margaret Aitken, (b. Lockwinnock,
1755). They lived on this farm till 1795. when they went to Paisley,
on Johnston road. They came to America in 1801, and bought of

350 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Capt. John Gray the farm afterward owned by their son James, and
now by Fred Gibson of Monroe, N. H , where both d., he [an. 22,
184-t, and she, July l.i, of the same year. Their descendants are
wideh' scattered, and the foUowiag is their first collected record.

The Gibsons were a prominent family and next to the Nelsons the
most numerous, possessing collectively for many years the most wealth
of any family in town. Mr. Miller often speaks of the "Git^son
traits," and characterizes them as industrious, thrifty, and very strict
in their religious views, regular in their attendance upon Sabbath
worship. The father, gr. father, and gr. gr father of William were
elders in the Associate church, the latter being one of the first consti-
tuted after the secession in 17+2, and there have been elders in every
generation since. At the time of the disruption in the Associate ch.
in Ryegate described in Chapter XIII, all the Gibsons of that congre-
gation, with one exception, adhered to the decree of synod, so that
this particular section was called the "Gibson Party." They cared
little for politics, and seldom held office. They were and are still,
excellent farmers and dairymen, noted for their fine stock, and for
their readiness to introduce improvements. Adherence to certain
Christian names was a family trait, there being at one time twelve
William Gibsons, and seven Robert Gibsons In order to distinguish
them from one another in conversation, each had a special cognomen,
usually significant of some trait, locality or peculiarity, by which -he
was known. There are comparatively few of the name left in town.
The men of this family were usually tall, well-built men, of strong
constitutions, intelligent, well-informed, and able to give a good
account of themselves. The records preserved by different branches of
the family differ in a few cases as to dates of birth or marriage. In
such cases both dates arc given.

Children all b. in Scotland,
i. Elizabeth, 2 b. Oct. 16; d Nov. 22, 1777.

John, 2 b. Sept. 14, 1778.

Robert,2 b May 22, 1780.

William. 2 b. June 5, 1782.

Elizabeth, 2 b. March 6, 1784- ; m. James Warden, q. v.

Agnes,- b. June 12, 1786; m. James Nelson, q. v.

Alexander,2 b. April 9, 1788. (April 6, 1789).
viii. James, 2 b. Nov. 11, 1792; farmer on homestead, succeeding his father;
chosen elder in Ass. Pres, ch., April 3, 1838 ; hem. Sept. 1844, Eliza-
beth, [Bethia], dau. Robert and Bethia Gibson (b. July 21, 1792; d.
July 16, 1877). He d Aug. 9, 1869, No chil.
ix. Margaret, 2 d. y.

5 X David, 2 April 9, 1796.

xi. Margaret, b. and d., 1798.
xii. .Marion, twin to above, b. and d., 1798.

6 xiii. Peter, b. May 4. 1801. By another rec. March 6, 1801.

1 John, 2 (William, i) b. Scotland, Sept. 14, 1778; came to America \vith par-
ents; farmer; also held town offices; also chosen elder in the Asso.
Pres. ch., 181 8. He m. in Scotland, Jean Dixon, sister of John who
settled in R , just before they sailed for America. At the wedding his
brother Robert was best inan. and gave the bride a gold ring, it being
the custom at the time. The two families are united in A. J. Finlay
and wife of Alclndoes. and the ring is in their possession. John Gib-
son's farm was owned bv his son Wm., then by John Haney for many
years. He d. Oct. 23, 1871 ; she d. Aug. 30, 1841.
Children all born in Ryegate.

7 i. Robert. 3 b. Apr. 13, 1802.

ii. Margaret, 3 b. Tan- 18, 1804; m. Joseph Finlay, q. v.

8 iii. Wimam,3 b. Feb. 22, 1806.

9 iv. John, 3 b.,Feb 10, 1808.

1

ii.

2

iii.

3

iv.

V.

vi.

4

vii.

GENEALOGY— GIBSON. 351

V. Janet Spear,3 b, Feb. 15, 1810; m. March 10, 1831. John Matthews, q. v.
vi. Alexander.s b. Dec. 26, 1811 ; d. Julv 24, 1817.
vii. Eliza [Elizabeth], 3 b. Dec. 15, 1813; m. 1848, Dea. James Gilchrist; q.v. ;

d. June, 1901.
viii. Thomas, 3 b. Feb. 9; d. April 19, 1816.

10 ix. James, 3 b. May 25, 1817.

X. Man,' Jean, 3 b. March 6, 1819; m. Azro Dutton, merchant at Mclndoes,

then at No. Hartland, Vt.
xi. Agnes, 3 b. Nov. 26, 1821; m. ab. 1848, Claudius B. Somers, q. v.

2 RoBERT,2 (Williami,) b. Scotland, April 26. May 22, 1780; came to Ryegate

with parents, 1801 ; m. Dec. 29, 1808. Ellen, dau. John Anderson (b.
Lesmarago, Scot., June 4, 1791 ; d. Oct. 16, 1867). He -was called
"Rock Rob," as there were many rocks on his farm. This farm is
owned and occupied by James Liddle,
Children :
i. Marian, 3 b. Oct. 18, 1809 ; m. Harry Moore, q. v.

11 ii. WiniamJ..3 b.June28, 1811.

12 iii. John,3 b. July 8. 1813.

iv. Robert Twaddle, 3 b. 1816; m. Dec. 1. 1870, Christie, dau. Wm.2 Gibson
(b. April 23, 1828). He d. Feb. 6, 1882. No ch. _

V. Margaret Helen, 3 b. Aug. 10, 1822 ; m. Hugh G. Miller, q. v.

3 William, 3 (William, i) b. Aushenloden, near Paisley, Scotland, June 5, 1782;

came to America with parents in 1801, and settled on the farm in R^^e-
gate owned in 1860 by his son, Wm. B. Gibson, and now bj' Jackson
Smith. He was m. in 1812, Vjy Rev. David Goodwillie to Christian,
dau. Robert Blair of Barnet (b. Aug. 29, 1788; d. June 10, 1876).
He d. Aug. 12, 1861 in Ryegate. He was called "Swamp Angel," as
he lived near a great swamp.
Children :

13 i. Robert,3b. Oct. 21, 1813.

ii. Janet,3b. Feb. 10, 1816; m. by Rev. Thos. Goodwillie May 1, 1856,
George A. Holmes of Monroe, N. H., as 2d wife. No ch. She d. June
10, 1895, being thrown from a wagon four days before. He d. Jan. 1,
1881, act. 78. No. ch.

iii. Margaret Aiken, 3 b. March 1,1818; m. April 5,1855, John McGill of
Barnet (b. Scotland 1825; d. Apr. 24, 1896). She d. Feb. 20, 1896.
Chil. (1) William, m., 3 ch. (2) Frank, twice m. 3 ch., all res. Bar-
net.

14 iv. William B.,3 b. Feb. 15, 1820.

V. Mary,3 b. March 1, 1822; m. April 30, 1851, by Rev. Jas. McArthur,
Joseph Davis, from Peacham ; res. in Barnet, where Henry Parks now-
lives, for about 20 vrs. Rem. to Weathersfield, Vt., where he died.
Chil. (1) Charles,* d. at 14. (2) John,* res, Shelburne, town clerk
and constable. (3) Jennie,* res. Ludlow ; twice m. 2 sons in N, Y.
(4 ) Abbie,* m. Carlos Dvke of Ludlow and d. there.

vi. Elizabeth, 3 b. Feb 6. 1824'; m. April 2, 1856, Aaron Welch q. v.

vii. Agnes, 3 b. Alav 25, 1826 ; m. 1st. by Rev. Thos. Goodwillie, Nov. 2, 1864,
James Somers of Barnet, who d. June 18, 1879. 2d, Dec. 8, 1889, by
Rev. Mr. McKinley, J. W. Curtis, who d. Dec. 3, 1891. She res. Bar-
net,
viii. Christie.3 b. April 23, 1828; m. 1st, Dec. 1, 1870 by Rev. M. B. Brad-
ford, Robert T. Gil.son,3 q. v. She m. 2d. Dec. 6, 1883, by Rev. John
Bole, James Gilfillan, as 2d w. Res. Barnet.

ix. Jane,3 b. Jan. 27, 1831; d. 1879; m. Jan. 19, 1860, by Rev. Mr. Mc-
Arthur, John McColl, q. v.

4 Alexander, 2 ( William, i) b. Apr. 8, 1788; came to America with parents in

1801 ; lived with them till he m., March 2. 1814, Jane, dau. Hugh
Gardner (b. Nov. 7, 1791; d. March 31, 1853). They lived near South
Ryegate, where all their chil. were b., where he built a brick house,
which was burned with the other farm buildings, March 28, 1909,

352 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

while owned by Joseph Williamson. Members of Ass. Pres. ch. He d.
June 6, 1869. He was a very industrious and prosperous farmer. He
gave each son a good farm, and bought that now owned by John H.
Nelson, to be nearer church, building the house now standing there,
and where both died.
Children :
IF, i. Hugh G.,3 b. May 29, 1815,

16 ii. WilHamN.,3b. Dec. 31, 1816.

iii. Margaret, 3 b. May 12, 1819; m. Harvey Warden, q. v.

17 iv. Peter,:^ b. March 27, 1821.

v. Mary G ,3 b. April 5, 1823 ; m. John F. Nelson, q. v.

18 vi. Alexander.3 b. April 6, 1825.

vii. Sarah Jane, 3 b. June 12, 1827. Never m,
19viii. John, 3 b. June 2, 1830.

20 ix. Pringle,3 b. Jan 5, 1833.

5 David, 2 (William, i) b. Glasgow, Scotland, April 9, 1796; came to Am. with

parents. Settled at the top of the hill leading from the Joe's Brook
schoolhouse to Barnet Center ch., and m. March, 1820, Margaret,
dau. Robert Blair, who came from Keppen, Scotland, in 1784- (b. Bar-
net, Aug. 3, 1794; d. Jan. 6, 1877). He d. March 14, 1878, on the
farm no^w owned by Wm, Welch.
Children all b. in Barnet.

21 i. James W.,3 b. Feb. 2, 1821.

ii. Margaret, 3 b. Jan. 17, 1823; m. Jabez James of Barnet, is now living
with her nephew John Dickson in Ryegate. No chil.

iii. Janet, 3 b. Feb. 24, 1824; m. Robert Esden of Greensboro; d. many yrs.
ago. Ch. John, Robert, Eliza (Mrs. Charles Slapp of Hardwick),
and William.

iv. Elizabeth, 3 b. fan. 1, 1826; m. Robert Dickson, q. v.

22 V. Robert, 3 b. Julv 19, 1828.

vi. Agnes,3 b. June 11, 1830; d. un-m. in Barnet, Jan. 11, 1902.

6 Peter, 2 (William, i) b. Scotland, March 6, 1801; farmer; lived where his

dau. Cynthia now lives, on the meadow at the foot of Symes or Gib-
son hill. He m. Nov. 16, 1828, Agnes, dau. Peter Buchanan of Bar-
net (b. April 3, 1809; d. Dec. 22, 1876). He d. May 1, 1866.
Children :
i. William, 3 b. Sept., 1829; went to California while a young man; d. at
Angel's Camp, Cal.. Aug. 1, 1896.

ii. Frank, 3 b. March, 1831; farmer on homestead, an industrious man; d.
Nov. 29, 1903.

iii. Martha,3 b. July 24, 1833 ; m. Geo. A. Gibson, q. v.. as 2d w.

iv. Lois,3 b. Aug. 30, 1835 : d. June 5, 1859 ; m. Geo. A. Gibson, q. v., as 1st
w.

V. Amaret,3 b. April 4, 1838; d. April 7, 1909; m. April 28, 1863, W. F.
Hastie of Barnet. Chil. (1) Nancy T., b. Oct. 8, 1864; m. Dec. 19,
1894, Artie M. Meader; d. Whitinsville, Mass, Dec. 5. 1906. Ch.
Raymon, Marion, Marjorie, Kenneth. (2) Henry [Hastie], b. Oct. 30,
1868; m. Sept. 26, 1894, Laura Keniston. Res. West Barnet. Ch.
(1) Foster.

vi. Henry,3 b. 1840. went to California at the age of 21, and has lived there
and in Oregon.

vii. Cynthia,3 b. Feb.. 1842; an invalid several years; lives on the home-
stead.

7 Robert, 3 (John, 2 William, i) b. April 13, 1802; farmer; living on the farm

where Herbert Gibson now lives, 68 years; elected captain Ryegate
Light Infantry Oct. 2, 1830; held several town offices; member of the
U. P. ch. about 71 years and an Elder 37 years, elected Sept. 11, 1856.
He was the last survivor of the 27 who signed the call to Rev. Thos.
Ferrier in 1821. He was the oldest person in town at the time of his
death. He m. Sept. 30, 1828, Nancy, dau. Wm. Somers (b. Oct. 27,

GENEALOGY— GIBSON. 353

1806; d. May 8, 1890.) He d. Aug. 24, 1893. The present house on
that farm was built of planks by Capt. Gibson to replace the log
house of pioneer days.
Children all b. in Ryegate.
i. Lucy Jane,* b. Jan. 25, 1830 ; d. May 10. 1833.

ii. Caroline Sophia, * b. Aug. 8, 1831 ; d. Feb. 1, 1864. An invalid most of
her hfe, a young woman of fine intellect who read much and contrib-
uted to the press, poems and sketches,
iii. Sophronia Somers,* b. Sept. 20, 1833 ; m. Henry Huff; res. Cape Por-
poise, Me. Chil., son and dau., who res. there,
iv. Thomas Scott,* b. Nov. 24, 1835 ; d. in Boston, Sept. 18, 1860.
V. Juliette Victoria,* b. Aug. 12, 1838; m. Palmer Thomas, q. v.
vi. Horace Albert,* b. Sept. 14, 1841 ; m. Julia A. Rice at Green Mountain,
Iowa ; rem, to Edgar, Neb. One son, a farmer in Nebraska, and one
daughter, a stenographer in Chicago,
vii. Edwin Zebina,* b. Oct. 5, 1843; served in the Civil war in Co. F, loth

Vt.; d. Fairfax, Va., Dec. 30, 1862.
viii. Lucy Jane,* d. y.

22 ix. Azro Joseph,* b. June 16,1845.

8 Wii-LIAM,3 (John,2 William,!) b. Feb. 22, 1806 ; farmer near the outlet of

Symes Pond. His distinctive cognomen among the many \Vm. Gib-
sons was "Turkey Will," being noted for his success in raising turkeys.
He m. Nov. 18, 1824, Janet, dau. Wm. Somers (b. 1808; d. in Cal.,
Dec. 18, 1888.) His farm in Ryegate is now owned by Mrs. G. A.
Gibson. They rem. to Cal., where he d. Dec. 31, 1885.
Children :
i. Eliza Ann,* b. Sept. 25, 1829 ; m. Ira Jones of Barnet ; d. July 23, 1882,
California.

23 ii. George A.,* b. Dec. 10, 1832.

24 iii. Samantha,* (twin to above.)

iv. Henry T.,* b. Sept. 16, 1839 ; served in the Civil war in an Iowa reg .,
wounded Dec. 31, 1862, at Murfreesboro, Tenn. ; d. Jan. 20, 1863, at
Nashville, Tenn.
V. Claudius S.,* b. March 13, 1842; m. at San Rafael. Cal.. Oct. 9, 1873,
Sarah Mons, [nee Lafferty]. Chil. (1) Jennie S.,5 b. Aug. 3, 1874; m.
Brainard Jones, Nov. 24, 1900. (2) Jessie McL.,5 b. Jan. 9, 1877.
(3) Claudius,^ b. Dec. 27, 1877. (4) Eva,5 b. Dec. 29, 1S80. All the
family of Claudius Gibson live in Cal.

vi. Warren Alfred,* b. April 29, 1847; m. 1st, 1878, Lizzie White, who d.
soon after the birth of her child. Pearl L.,^ April 27, 1879. He m. 2d,
Tune 15, 1 885, Jessie Rae. Chil. (2) Eunice, J. ,5 b. Jan. 23, 1891. (3)
Ethel R.,5 b. Nov. 1, 1893. The family of Warren Gibson live in Cal.

9 JOH.\,3 (John,2 WilHam.i) b. Feb. 19, 1808; m. 1st, Feb. 16, 1832, Jane, dau.

of Thomas Nelson, (b. Feb. 18, 1808,) and had ch., Charles,* and
Lutheria J.,* who m. Robert Arthur, q. v. His wife d. and he m. 2d,
a Miss McPhee, and had 2 sons and 2 dau's. Of the latter, Margaret
m. Wm. H. H. Whitehill, q. v., and lives at State Center, Iowa, w^here
John Gibson d. ab. 1893. Charles,* his son, m. Cassie Brock and
went to Iowa 1861, and enlisted in the army, serving 3 yrs.; was
dis., wounded and d. 1865. Chil. Lewis, ^ Lottie, ^ Clara.^ Charles, s
Wallace. 5

10 James, 3 (John, 2 William, !) b. May 25, 1817; farmer near Symes Pond, next

n. e. of his bro. William. He m. March 27, 1845, Rhoda Stevens of
Barnet. He d. Feb. 20, 1881 ; she d. Feb. 14, 1891.
Children :
i. Harriet J.,* b. Jan. 27, 1846; m. Nov. 13, 1878, Alphonso B. Clough of
Groton, who d. Feb., 1888. Ch. (1) Elmer J.,* b. July 6, 1880; d.
April 11, 1893. Willard S.,* b. Julv 19, 1885.

25 ii. Oscar J.,* b. Oct 11, 1847.
iii. Albert M..* b. May 24, 1849.

354 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

26 iv. Charles S.,4 b. Dec. 15, 1853.

V. Khoda A..* b. Dec. 18, 1855.

vi. John D.,-i b. Sept. 17, 1857; res. Fitchburg, Mass , ni. 1st June 4, 1884,
Belle M. Kennedy, who d. April 13, 1902. 2d, Sept. 11, 1906, Lottie
Fairfield. No chil.
vii. Benjamin L.,* b. May 8, 1859.
viii. Martha R.,-* b. June 2, 1868 ; m. Harvey Jennison of Peacham.

11 William J. ,3 (Robert,^ WilHam,!) b. June 28, 1811; bought his farm of

David Symes; was a very energetic and successful man, introducing
many improvements in dairying. He m. at Lyman, N. H., April 16,
1840, by Rev. Mr. Pringle, Eliza, dau. Robert, 2. Nelson (b. Nov. 11,
1811; d. April 20,1884.) He united with the Ass. Pres. ch. in R.,
when young, and she with the Ass. Pres. ch. in Barnet; both were ac-
tive members, interested in church and S. S. work ; he was an elder in
the ch. and still teacher in the S. S. at his death at the age of 85. She
was ed. at Peacham Acad., and at a preparatory school at Concord,
Vt., and taught for several years before her marriage. He held town
offices and was delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1870.
W. J. Gibson d. Sept. 15, 1896.
Children :
i. Ellen Jean,* b. Jan. 15, 1841 ; ed. McI. F. Acad., m. A. J, Finlay, q. v.

ii. Agnes Eliza,* June 16, 1844; teacher; ed. Peacham and McL Falls
Academy and Newbury Seminary; d. Aug. 23, 1867.

iii. Marion Isabell,* b. April 20, 1849 ; ed. McI. Fails Acad.; d. Aug. 16, 1888.

iv. Alice Hannah,* b. Sept. 22, 1854; teacher; ed. McI. and St. J. Acad's,
grad. Randolph Normal School

12 John, 3 (Robert, 2 Wilham.i) b. July 8, 1813 : worked for his father seven years

after attaining his majority. In 1843 went into partnership with his
brother-in-law Harry Moore and they bought the Peters tannery at
Ryegate Corner, and there engaged in the manufacture of leather and
harnesses for about 15 years. This business was discontinued because
of the scarcity of bark and the remoteness of the location. Purchased
the Morrill farm and later the Henderson f;irm at E. Ryegate, erecting
a fine set of buildings, purchased the Currier farm adjoining, making
an estate of 240 acres. One of the solid men of the town, had im-
mense vitality, great industry and excellent judgment. He accumu-
lated a large property, but lost heavily in western investments. Mem-
ber and liberal supporter of the U. P. ch., more than 60 years. He m.
1st, lune 12, 1844, Hannah, dau. Edward Miller (b. May 25, 1824;
d. Ap'ril 24, 1865.) 2d, July 2. 1872 Elizabeth [Bettie] J., dau. Amos
Abbott who d. Jan. 16, 1880. He d. May 1, 1899.
Children : Five by 1st and one by 2d marriage,
i. Edward,* b. April 1 8, 1845 ; d. Sept. 9, 1864.
ii. Robert Anderson,* b. Aug. 4, 1 848 ; d. July 20, 1 852.
iii. Morris Moore,* b. Oct. 27. 1851 ; d. Feb. 6, 1872.

27 iv. Martin Hartland,* b. May 17, 1857.

V. Marv Helen Isabel,* b. Aug. 10, 1864; d. Jan. 20, 1865.
vi. Hannah Jane,* b. Sept. 13, 1874; d. April 9, 1879.

13 R0BERT.3 (Wm.,2 Wm.,1) b. Oct. 21, 1813; farmer in Barnet where Walter

Phelps lives. He m. by Rev. Thos. Goodwillie, Nov. 7, 1838, Janet,
dau. Thos. Gilkerson,'(b. Sept. 8, 1811). Members of Ass. Pres. ch.
They rem. to Remington, Ind., where she d. Nov. 23, 1893 ; he d. at
that place June 6, 1890.
Children :
i. Marion J. * b. Jan. 30, 1840 ; Res. in Ryegate.
ii. Thomas W.,* b. Nov. 18, 1841 ; soldier in the Civil war; d. Fairfax, Va.,

Dec. 31, 1864. Member Co. F, 15th Vt.
iii. Janet A.,* b. March 16, 1845 ; m. Simeon P. Knight. 6 ch.
iv. Martin L.,* b. Sept. 17, 1857; m. Jan. 2, 1884, Elizabeth Eckles, who d.
Dec. 2, 1888; 3 ch. 2d, Feb. 1890, Margaret Wicofif. He was killed
by the cars at Montpelier, O, June 17, 1908.

PRINGLE GIBSON, ESQ.

GEORGE A. GIBSON.

JOHN GIBSON.

•ox ANO

<0<*TIONi.

GENEALOGY— GIBSON, 355

14 William B., 3 (William,^ William, i) b. Ryegate, Feb. 13, 1820; m. 1st, by

Rev. Jas. McArthur, March 27, 1856, Elizabeth McGill; lived in Rye-
gate; rem. to Manteno. 111., 1864; his w. d. there Sept. 14, 1865, and
he m. Feb. 4, 1867, by Rev. J. M. Beattie Jane, dau. James Mc-
Lam (b. Aug. 28, 1837; d. March 28, 1890). Ret. to Barnet, 1870.
and bought the Rev. David Goodwillie farm, near the Center meeting
house. In old militia davs his name on the muster roll was Wm. Gib-
son 7th. He d. Oct. 2, 1903. Mem. of U. P. ch. Barnet.
Children :
i Joseph B ,■* b. Ryegate, Jan. 7, 1857 ; went to Fargo, So. Dak , rem. sev-
eral yrs., later to Kallispell, Mont., and les. there. He m. June 12,
1907, Effie Grace Johnston of Portland, Oregon. Members of Cong,
ch.

ii. Ezra,-t b. Ryegate. May 12, 1859 ; m. 1880, Etta Smiley of Danville, in
creamery work at Barnet and Derby 15 yrs., clerk at St. Johi:s-
bury ; rem. to St. Joseph, Mo., 1910, where he d. June 13, 1911.
One dau., Mrs. VV. S. Kelley, St. Joseph, Mo., and a son, Walter Ray-
inond, who d. in inf. Members of Cong. ch.

iii. Wm. M..*b. Ryegate, Dec. 6, 1862; m. Oct., 1907, Mrs. Etta Merchant;
one son, Jesse. Member U. P. ch., Barnet.,

iv. Mary E.,* b. Manteno, 111., Aug, 25 ; d, Sept. 26, 1865.

By 2d marriage.
V. Agnes E.,^ b. Kockville, 111., Feb. 11,1868; m. Wilbur Nelson, q. v. Three
chil., .Marion, Dwight and Paul.

vi. Sophia.-i b. Rockville. 111., Oct. 6, 1869; m. Aug. 1900, Dan. Aiken, Ch.
Harold Leigh, 5 Waldo Gibson, ^ Florence Jean, ^

vii. James C',-*^ b. Barnet, Oct. 21, 1871; m. Feb., 1907, Jennie Rhodes; res.

Brattleboro. Ch. Edward William. s Members U. P. ch
viii. Jennie L.,* b. Barnet, Aug. 15, 1873; grad. St. J. Acad., 1895; studied in
Mr. Moody's training school, Northfield, Mass. Was sent to Egypt
by the Woman's Missionary Board of the U. P. ch., sailing Oct 1
1903. Stationed at Luxor, teacher in the Girl's Boarding School at
L., while learning the language. She d. at L. May 15, 1905 and bur.
' there.

ix. Nettie L.,* b. Barnet, Oct. 15.1876; ed, Johnson Normal School; teacher,
in Barre. Member U P. ch.

15 Hugh Gard.ner,3 (Alexander,2 Willi-am.M b. May 29, 1815. Settled on the

farm which was forfnerU- that of James Thomas, on the Hazen road,
between the Corner and Barnet line. This is a very productive tarm on
a shoulder of Blue Mountain, overlooking the wide and deep valley of
Manchester brook. The farm is now owned by A. H. ibson ; the
b'aildings were burned in June, 1900, In 1881 he bought the Archi-
bald Ritchie farm, then owned by Robert Nelson, and became a citizen
of Newbury, erecting new buildings which were burned in the spring of
189.5, and he had the present buildings nearly completed at the time
of his death Mr. Gibson was a very liberal man, and one of the prin-
cipal supporters of the United Pres. ch. at the Corner and later of the
Ref Pres , at So. Ryegate. of which he was a member about 60 years.
He was m. April 8, 1839 by Rev. Wm. Pringle, Abigail, dau. W'm.
Nelson 2d (b. Feb. 19, 1818 ; d. Jan. 1906). He d. Jan. 14, 1906.
Children all b. in Rvegate.
i. Marcella Jane,* b. April 6, 1841 ; d. May 9, 1876, Iowa,
ii. Alexander Harvey, -^^ b. Sept. 30, 1843; farmer on homestead in Newbury,
near So. R. village.

iii. Abbie Sarah,^^ b Dec. 2.3, 1845 ; d. Dec, 2, 1890.

iv. Annette Ellen.* b, July 19, 184S.
V. Josephine Mary.* b. Sept. 2, 1852.

vi. Clara Frances,* b. June, 1859 ; m. David B, Fisk, q, v.

16 William Neilson.3 (Alexander,2 William, i) b. Ryegate, Dec. 31,1816; farmer,

succeeding his father on the homestead, and quite a mathematician.
Was never out of the state but twice, going to Boston once while

356 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

young, and in old age to visit his children in the west. He joined the
Associate church, Oct. 16, 1840, and the Covenanter June 23, 1853.
Both his wives were members of the latter. He m. 1st, March 26,
1844, Eleanor, dau. Samuel Allen (b. June 12, 1813; d. Juue 1. 1864).
2d, June 25, 1868, by Rev. J. M. Beattie, Mary C, dau, Abram White-
hill, b. July 27, 1837. He d. May 8, 1885 ; bur. W. Ryegate; member
of the church about 40 years.
Children besides who d. in infancy ,
i. Margaret Jane,* b. June 27, 1845 ; ed. Com. school and Newbury Semin-
ary; m. by Rev. J. M. Beattie, Jan. 1, 1867, Jackson Roberts of Gro-
ton, (b. 1836,) who was her first school teacher, she being then seven,
and he 16 years of age. He taught six winters before he was 21. In
Cal. eight years. They ^vent to Iowa, where he was a merchant, then
became a successful lawyer at Washington, Iowa, and mayor of the
city. He d May 24, 1897. She w^ith her dau., spend winters at
Colorado Springs. In 1907 they visited Scotland, and in the cemetery
around Paisley Abbey found the graves of their ancestors, Gibsons and
Gardners. Mrs. Roberts has rendered valuable assistance in the prep-
aration of these Gibson records. Ch. (1) Ida Charlotte, ^ b. 1868 ;
grad. Parsons Coll., res. w'ith her mother; has twice visited Europe.
(2) Frank William, 5 b. 1869; in business at Colorado Springs. (3)
Carl Jackson, 5 b. 1874; res. Washington, Iowa, dealer in farm mort-
gages. Has visited Europe, the British Isles, Mexico and the Sand-
wich Islands. He m. 1904, Maud Alice Hoover of Michigan. Ch.
Mary Hoover Roberts, b. Oct. 27, 1908.
ii. Ellen M.,'* b. Aug. 5, 1847 ; ed. Newbury Seminary ; m. in Washington,
Iowa, Jackson R. Plummer of Clearfield, Iowa, lawyer, b. Groton.
Ch. (1) Edith E.,5 m. Arch. R. Bone of So. Ryegate, q. v. (2) Mabel
Margaret, 5 m. Walter E. Berkeley of Humeston, Iowa. 3 ch. (3)
Clara C.,s grad. Drake Univ.; m. Arthur Snyder. Ch. Ella Margaret. ^
(4) Mary B.,5 taught in Ryegate, 1907-8.

iii. James Ren wick, * b. June 13, 1852; m. 1884, Susie Bamsey of Creston,
Iowa; res. Algona, la., \vhere he d. April, 1887; she d. 1894; bur.
Creston, Iowa. Ch. Howard Renwiek, student.
By 2d marriage.

iv. Estelline,* b. Jan. 10, 1871 ; m. Yeaton Nelson, q. v.
V. Charles Knox,* b. Jan. 5, 1873.

vi. Mabel Janet,* b. July 24, 1874; m. Edwin Renfrew.

17 Peter, =* (Alexander, 2 Wm..i) b. March 27, 1821; settled on the farm lately

owned by Livermore T. Bailey, building that house; m. July 3, 1846,
by Rev. j. M. Beattie, to Emilv, dau. Hosea Low (b. Jan. 6. 1821); he
d. Jan. 2, 1892; she d. at Orlando, Fla., Dec. 23, 1893; both bur. at
So. Ryegate. They w^ere members of the Ref. Pres. ch.
Children :
i. Adeth Bell,*b. April 9, 1847; m. Dec. 1874, John W. Anderson, Washing-
ton, Iowa; she d. there Feb. 19,1877. Ch. (1) Peter G., b. Oct.,
1875; d. Feb. 14, 1877. (2) J. Llovd, b. Aug. 15, 1876; d. April 26,
1891.
ii. Emily Jane,* b. May 8, 1853; grad. Mt. Holyoke Seminary; m. as 2d w.
John W. Anderson, who d. at Orlando, Fla., Aug. 28, 1910; she res.
there.
iii. Lois Ann,*; b. April 11, 1837 ; d. Nov. 23, 1861.

18 Alexander (Alexander) b. April 6, 1825; went to Iowa and settled at Jack-

son, in Washington Co., 1854; ret. to R. and m. Dec. 19, 1854, by
Rev. James Mc Arthur, his cousin, Mary H , dau. of Wm. Gardner, b.
Oct. 7, 1835; 10 c. all b. in Iowa. He accumulated a fine property,
but lost his buildings by a cyclone. May 22, 1873, and several of his
family were badly injured ; his loss w^as $6,00().
Children :
i. Sarah Jane, b. Aug. 18, 1855 ; d. May 31, 1857.

GENEALOGY— GIBSON. 357

ii. Margaret E., b. Dec. 3 9, 1856; d. in infancy,
iii. John C, b. July 2, 1858; m. Mar. 1, 1883, Nellie Knox. Ch. (1) Alice,

b. Feb. 1884. (2) Walter Alex., b. March 1886.
iv. William Alexander, b. April 21 , 1860 ; m. April, 1887, Grace McMillen.

Y. Annabel, b. Aug. 14; d. Nov. 11, 1863.

vi. RoUa Cecil, b. Aug. 3, 1864; student and teacher; m. 1890, Sarah Boyd,
vii. Minnie Etta, b. April 3, 1868.
viii. Myra Nettie, b. Dec. 26, 1869 ; d. Feb. 26, 1887.
ix. Mary Emeline, b. Aug. 18, 1872 ; d. Dec. 14, 1878.

X. Margaret Alice, b. July 5, 1875 ; d. Nov., 1878.

19 JoHN.y (Alexander,2 Winiam,i)b. June 1, 1830. Went west; attended Frank-

lin College at New Athens, O., but grad. Union College, Schenectady,
N. Y. Two years at the United Pres. Theo. Sem., at Xenia , O., but
grad. at Union Theo. Sem. In the ministry of the United Pres, ch. 12
years, chaplain in the Union army and contracted disease of which he
d. 1868 ; bur. at Ryegate Corner. He m. Elizabeth Dawson, who res.
in Chicago.
Children :
i. Son, d. in infancy.
ii. Sarah Belle,* b. Jan. 23, 1866 ; res. Chicago.

20 Pringle,3 (Alexander,2 WiUiam,!) b. Jan. 5, 1833. His father bought the

Hugh Gardner farm, to be nearer church, and sold it to him, the par-
ents living with him till death. In 1884 he sold that farm, rem. to
So. Ryegate and erected a large building, in which he opened a store,
and was in trade till closed in April, 1895 ; He held aU the town offices,
and was town representative 1882 ; member of the United Pres. ch.
at the Corner and later of the 1st. Pres. ch. at So. Ryegate. He m.
1st, June 14, 1860, Frances, dau. William Gray (b. May 28, 1832; d.
Feb. 24, 1889). 2d, Nov. 17, 1892, Emma, dau. Alden Tucker of New-
bury ; he d. Feb. 11, 1908.
Children :

28 i. Wilham A .* b. May 27, 1861.

ii. Mabel Jane,* b. Sept. 21, 1867; m. May 7, 1891, Livermore T. Bailey
(b. Newbury, July 25, 1860). Farmer, owning the Peter Gibson farm
\vhich they sold in 1909 ; visited N. W. Canada and the Pacific coast;
res. South R\'egate.

21 James W.,3 (David,2 Wilham,!) b. Barnet, Feb. 2, 1821; farmer near his

father. He m. March 22, 1849, Jane, dau. Alex. McLaren (b Dec. 19,
1819 ; d. Nov. 13, 1904 ;) he d. July 6, 1903.
Children:
i. Milo A.,* b. April 10, 1850 ; d. Dec. 31. 1855.

29 ii. Martin D ,* b. Jan. 22, 1852.

iii. Elva E.,* b. Feb. 25, 1855 ; m. F. J. Randall of Barnet; Hves on the Joe's

Brook road. Ch. (1) Charles.s b. Aug. 6, 1878. (2) Ernest, 5 b. Aug.

6,1883. (3) Nellie.5
iv. Emma J.,* b. July 10, 1859 ; teacher in early years and with her brother,

cared for their parents in old age. She m. 1906, Edwin A. Morgan of

Barnet.

22 Robert, 3 (David, 2 William, i) b. Barnet, July 19, 1828 ; lived on the farm set-

tled by his father; d. several yrs. ago; m. Lois Roberts.
Children :
i. Kate,* m. Wm. Kinney,
ii. Eva L.*
22 AzRO Joseph,* (Robert, ^ John, 2 William, i) b. June 16, 1845; farmer in Gro-
ton ; m. Eldora Glover, who d. Oct. 20, 1880. He d. Groton, July 3,
1882.
Children :
i. Orlo,5 b. Sept. 4, 1873 ; grad. Eastman's Bus. Coll., Feb. 1897 ; d. March
14, 1897.

358 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ii. Herbert, 5 b. March 14, 1876; farmer on the homestead of his gr. father,
Capt. Robert Gibson. He m July 19, 1900, Jessie Kingsbury of Bar-
net. Ch. (1) May Eldora,6 b. July 6, 1901. (2) Maurice Orlo,6 b.
Aug. 28, 1903 ; (3) Ruth Lillian,6 b. Aug. 14, 1905. (4) Doris Kath-
leen.6 b. Feb. 3, 1908.

23 George A.,* (William,ajohn,2 Wm.,i)b. Dec.lO, 1832; he bought of Claudius

Somers, the John Matthews farm on the river road, on which he lived
all his life, except 3 yrs. in Barnet ; deacon in Cong. ch. Mclndoes
Falls 30 yrs. He d. Nov. 25, 1903. He m. 1st, April 29, 1858, Lois,
dau. Peter Gibson (b. Aug. 30, 1835; d. June 5. 1859). One ch.,
Dallas, b. May 24, d. vSept, 5, 1859. He m. 2d, June 12, 1860. Mar-
tha Gibson, sister of 1st w, (b. July 24, 1833.)
Children :
i. Fred H..5 b. Oct. 9, 1861 ; farmer in Monroe, N. H.; m. March 4, 1891,
Agnes Hadlockof M. Ch. (1) Geo. A. ,6 and Robert H.,6 (twins) b.
July 22, 1893. (2) Frank H.,6 b. Dec. 31, 1899.
ii. George Herbert, ^ b, June 7, 1871 ; farmer on homestead,
iii. Tennie E.,5 b. May 22, 1873; m. March 2, 1896, Arthur Rodwell, form-
erly of Glover. He d. Sept. 15, 1897. Ch. Arthur G.,6 b. Aug. 6,
1897; m. 2d, 1908, Artie Meadcr of Whitinsville, Mass.

24 Samantha J. ,4 (Wm.,3 John, 2 Wm.,i) b. Dec. 10, 1832; m. April 26, 1853,

James H. Johnston of Barnet ; now res. in Sacramento, Cal.
Children :
i, William A. ,5 b. April 1, 1854; d. Jan. 4, 1869.
ii. George E.,5 b. Sept, 30, 1856 ; d. March 22, 1857.
iii. Frank C.,5 b. March 31, 1859 ; d. Oct. 29, 1866.
iv. Forrest J. ,5 b. March 18, 1872.

25 Oscar J.,* (James.a John, 2, William, i) b. Oct. 11. 1847; m. by Rev. J. M.

Beattie, March 9, 1876.Nancv E., dau. James Dunn (b. Fe'b. 13, 1842.)
He d. July 20, 1897.
Children :
i. Frank J.,^ b. Nov. 2, 1877; res. Boltonville; m. June 25, 1908, Grace,
dan. Harvey Orr (b. March 4, 1885). Ch. Nancy Margaret, ^ b. Nov.
n, 1909.
ii. Freeman J. ,5 b. Aug. 4, 1879.
iii. Alexander H.,5 b. Nov. 21, 1883.

26 Charles S..* (James.a John, 2 William. i) b. Dec. 15, 1853; m. Jan. 1, 1880 at

Stratford Hollow, Esther W. Burdick (b. Aug. 18, 1855; d. Jan.
2, 1903).
Children :
i. Lois May, 5 b. Feb. 6, 1881; m. March 29, 1898, John R. Bishop (b.
Barnston, Stanstead Co., P. Q., Nov. 1, 1866). Children both b.
Rumford Falls. Me. (1) Harlan Richard,^ b. June 21, 1899. (2) Ar-
nold Eugene.6 b, Nov. 21, 1901.
ii. Myrtie Cylena s b. Sept. 6, 1887.
iii. Eva Dora. 5 b. Nov. 19, 1892.

27 Martin Hartland,* (John, 3 Robert, 2 William, i) b. May 17, 1857; com. sch.

ed.; farmer on homestead, introducing many improvements; invented
and patented the 1st heater for watering troughs, applying the princi-
ple of downward draught ; installed the 1st silo in town, and -was the
first to use the Babcock test for milk, and the first to test for tubercu-
losis and has been active promoting the interests of farmers in legisla-
tive sessions at Montpelier. Has been, and is still interested in the
brick and granite industries of the town, employing many men. (See
Chap. XVHI.) Member since the age of 16 of the United Pres. ch. at
Ryegate Corner; collector for many years, also S. S. Supt., and with

GENEALOGY— GIBSON. 359

J. H. Symes and S. F. Nelson, a committee for building the present
church at a cost of $6,600, and dedicated free from debt. He m. Jan.
1, 1884-, Mary Caroline Clark (b. Pe-icham, Dec. 11. 1864; d. June
19. 1901). [She was a descendant of Rev. E. W. Clark, a native
of Haverhill, N" H., the 1st missionary to Hawaii, her sister Martha
(Mrs Hilton Pedley), being a missionary for many years in Japan; gr.
niece of Oliver Johnson, the noted editor ; gr. gr. dau. of Rev. David
Merrill,* author of the celebrated " Ox Sermon."] President many
yrs. of the local W. C. T. U., prominent in town and county church
and temperance work. A w^oman of rare worth whose death was a
great loss to her family and the community.
Children all born in Ryegate :
i. John Clark, 5 b. May 22, 1885 ; grad. St. Johnsbury Bus. Coll.

ii. Charles Edward. 5 Jan. 1, 1887; grad. Dartmouth Coll., 1910.

iii. Paul Miller, 5 b. Oct. 16, 1888; in Dart. Coll., class of 1913.

iv. WiUiam Martin,5 b. Sept. 20, 1890.

T. Mary Helen, s b. Nov. 15, 1892; in St. J. Acad.

vi. Clarissa,5 b. Oct. 31, 1894; in St. J. Acad.

vii. Robert Wesson.s b. Jan. 3, 1897.
viii. Jesse Merrill,^ b. Dec. 8, 1899.

ix. Martin Hartland,^ (twin to above) ; d. Nov. 20, 1900.

X. Mary Florella.s b. June 19, 1901.

xi. Caroline Elizabeth, ^ (twin to above.)

28 William A.,* (Pringle,3 Alexander.2 William, i) b. May 27, 1861; ed. St. J

Acad. On farm till sold, 1883 ; in bus. with his father at So. R., under
the name of P. Gibson & Son. 1884-'91 ; clerk for former, 1891-'95 ;
in employ of Pike Mfg. Co., Haverhill, N. H., 1895-97; deputy-sheriff
for Grafton Co., 1897-1904, and jailor at Haverhill, Jan. 1897, till the
jail was completed at the county farm ; P. M. at Haverhill, March 1,
1897-June, 1904; rem. to Concord, N. H., now in Nelson's depart-
ment store, Manchester, N. H. He m. Jan. 15, 1885, Martha, dau.
Daniel Wormword of Groton.
Children all b. in Ryegate.
i. Frances Cevesta,^ b. May 27, 1886 ; ed. Haverhill, N. H., Acad., and bus.
sch. at Concord; m. June 28, 1906, Herman L. Tabor of C, contrac-
tor and builder, Ch. Harold Ellsworth.e b. May 7, 1909.
ii. Benjamin Harrison, 5 b. March 9, 1889; ed. Newbury H. S.; res. Concord,
N. H., cashier for Nat. Biscuit Co. He m. Dec. 8, 1909, Pearl A. Taft
of St. Johns, N. B.
iii. Rosabel, 5 b. Jan. 2, 1891; m. March 30, 1910. Walter K.Blackburn,
engraver; res. Concord, N. H. Ch. Ralph Wallace, b. Aug. 15, 1911;

29 Martin D.,* (James W.,3 David,2 William, i) b. Barnet, Jan. 22, 1852; farmer,

on homestead, which he sold a few yrs. ago and rem. to Barnet Vil.,
and res. there. He m. Nov. 8, 1883, Ida Olena Felch of St. Johns-
bury (b. St. J., Dec. 24, 1861 ; d. Barnet Sept. 28, 1884.) Ch. Milo
Albert, 5 b. Aug. 22, 1884; grad. McI. Acad., 1902; Vt. Univ., 1906;
teacher one yr. at Johnson, 3 yrs. at Burlington. Accepted an ap-
pointment from the Carnegie foundation which stationed him for one
year at Kiel, Germany; ret. to Am. 1898; in Europe 1910-11; has
delivered lectures upon the Passion Play of Ober-Ammergau. Mem-
ber of Delta Psi College Fraternity; Waterman Lodge, No, 83, F. &
A. M. ; Burlington Chapt., No. 3, R. A. M.; Burlington Council No, 5,
R. and S. M.; Burlington Commandery, No. 2, K. T.

* Note. — Rev. David Merrill, a native of Peacham, who also d. there, while a Con-
gregational minister in 111., preached a sermon from Exodus xxi : 2.S, 29, which was one
of the most powerful temperance arguments eyer delivered, and which has had a circula-
tion of many millions of copies.

360 history of ryegate, vermont.

Robert Gibson Family.
(Ancestry same as preceding family.)

Robert,! son of Robert, and gr. son of Alexander, b. Auchenloden Farm, Oct.
22, 1761; m. 1st at Paisley, 1791, Bethia Lee of Stanley Green; she
d. and he m. 2d in the spring of 1811, Jean Baird of Paislev (b. 1779 ;
d. April 20, 1850). They came to Kyegate from Scotland, 1820 and
bought of Stewart and Wm. Harvey, the farm \Yhere his son Wm. F.
afterward lived. He was an elder in the church in Scotland, as his
father and gr. father were before him, and on coming to Ryegate was
chosen an elder in the Ass. ch. holding the office during life. He d. Jan.
4, 1842, and his \v. 1853; bur. in Walter Harvey cemetery. Robert
■was the only one of the Gibson family who adhered to Rev. Wm.
Pringle in the church troubles, and was called "The Apostle," and his
son Wm. P., was distinguished from the other Wm. Gibsons by the
title of "The Apostle's Will."
Children :
i. Bethia, 2 b. July 21, 1792; d. July 16, 1877; m. James,2 (Wm.,i) Gibson,

q. v.
ii. Robert, 2 b. March 27, 1794; came to America several years before his
father; was employed in building the State prison; emigrated to
Canada and lived near London, Ont., and d. un-m. 1861.
iii. Alexander, 2 b. March 5, 1796; m. Agnes Baird of Paisley; lived and d.

in Scotland,
iv. Agnes, 2 b. Oct. 19, 1797 ; m. James Esden in Scotland, and rem. there.
V. Janet, 2 b. June 1, 1804 ; d. y.

Bv 2d marriage,
vi. Margaret,2 b. Jan. 15, 1812; d. Dec. 4, 1892; m. March 24, 1835, as 2d
w., James Davis of Peacham, who d. Jan. 27, 1880. No ch. An
adopted dau. lives in Maryland,
vii. Janet,2 b. Oct. 9, 1813; d. March, 1894; m. March 17, 1842, A. Harvey

Brock, q. v.
viii. Matthew Baird, 2 b. Aug. 9, 1815; res. Boston; paper hanger; m. 1st,
Mrs. Anna Sumner of Boston. 2d, Mrs. Lizzie Taylor of Boston. He
d. May 30, 1881.
1 ix. William Fulton, b. Aug. 19, 1817.

1 William Fulton, 2 (Robert, i) b. at Johnstone, Aug. 19, 1817 ; came to Am.

with parents, brother and two sisters; farmer on homestead till 1890,
when he bought a small place at Ryegate Corner, where he d. Was
quite ingenious, well-read, a good singer, of strict integrity. Prohibi-
tionist in politics. He m. by Kev. Thos. Goodwillie, May 21, 1846,
Phebe Buchanan, dau. Wm. and Janet [Buchanan] Somers (b. Bar-
net, May 17, 1823; d. March 10, 1901). Ed. Danville and Peacham
Acad's and Ne^vbury Seminary. Member 1st of Ass. Pres. ch.. Bar-
net; both joined the Ass. Pres. ch. Ryegate, Sept. 30, 1848; she was
a member 10 or 12 yrs. of Ref Pres. ch. Barnet. He d. Jan. 20,
1899.
Children :

2 i. Anna Somers, 3 b. April 20, 1847.

ii. lanet Buchanan, 3 b. Jan. 16, 1849 ; d. Oct. 14, 1850.

iii. Ella Letitia,3 b. Jan. 7, 1851 ; m. Wm. T. McLam, q. v.

iv. Curtis H..3 b. Aug. 15. 1853; d. Aug. 15, 1854.

3 V. Carma Jean,3 b. Nov. 6, 1855.

4 vi. Sumner Cornelius, 3 b. Dec. 26, 1857.

5 vii. Frederick Lincoln, 3 b. Aug. 28, 1860.

6 viii. Frank Llewellyn 3 b. Sept, 29, 1862.

ix. Edith Bethia,3 b. March 25, 1865 ; m. E. S. Miller, q. v.
2 Anna Somers,3 (Wm. F.,2 Robert,i) b. April 20, 1847. Ed. McLidoes Acad.,
m. Feb. 18, 1868, Josiah H. Moore of Barnet (member of Co. D, 1st
Vt. Cav., in the Civil War; enlisted Sept. 25, 1861, private; pro. for

GENEALOGY— GIBSON. 361

bravery to 2d Lieut., wounded June 29, 1 864 ; taken prisoner and con-
fined in Libdy Prison till exchanged Dec. 1864.; must, out June 21,
1865). Settled near Rushford, Minn., 1868, and res. there; farmer.
Hed Aug. 15, 1911.

Children :

Howard Burton, * [Moore] b. July 4, 1872. At home.

May Louverne,* [Moore] b. Nov. 14, 1874; d. Jan., 1903.

Edith Maude,* [Moore] b. March 13, 1878; m. Jan. 1, 1902, Charles

Allen Fobes ; res. Sleepv Eye, Minn , electrician. Ch. (1) Anna May,3

b. Feb. 6, 1904. (2) Janett,^ b. Aug , 1906. (3) Margaret,^- b. Nov.

6, 1910.

iv. Alice Genevieve,-* [Moore] b. Feb. 28, 1883; at home.

V. Ray Judson,* [Moore] b. March 29, 1888; student at Wisconsin, Univ.,

in civil engineering.
Carma Jean, 3 ( Wm. F., 2' Robert, i) b. Nov. 6, 1855 ; ed. Peacham Acad., Emp.
1879— '82, Taunton (Mass.,) Ins. Asy.; in Dak. with bros., 3 yrs., in
Ryegate 2 yrs., in Dak. 1888-90, in Ryegate. 1890-1904; rem. to
Morgan Hill, Cal., fruit raising. Mem. U. P. ch., Ryegate, and now
of Morgan Hill U. P. ch., and connected with S. S., missionary, and
terhperance work.
Sumner CoRNELius,3(Wm. F.,2 Robert,i) b. Dec. 26. 1857; ed. Peacham Acad.,
went to So. Dak., 1879; farmer near Bard, Hanson Co., 24 yrs., ex-
cepting eight yrs., general merchant at Bard, and P. M. Rem. Dec.
1903 to Modesto, Cal., fruit raising and farming; united with U. P.
ch , Ryegate, 1875; connected with M. E. ch. at Bard; has held public
office; Probitionist. He m. at Rushford, Minn., Nov. 1, 1888, Fran,
ces A., dau. James, ^ (James, 2 Wm.,i) Nelson of Ryegate (b. Oct. 8
1856). Mem. of Pres. ch., in Cal. and in S. S., and temperance work'^

Children :

Nelson William,* b. Sept. 20, 1889.

Olive,* b. Nov. 28, 1890.

Gladvs,* b. June 28, 1892.

Donald Cameron,* b. Sept. 25, 1896.

Isabel Edith,* b. April 18, 1899.
Frederick Lincoln, ^ b. Aug. 28, 1860; ed. Peacham Acad., teaching win-
ters; entered N. E. Conservatory of Music, 1884, grad. from dept. of
piano and organ tuning, teacher of vocal music and piano tuning;
took a course later in Emerson School of Oratory, Boston, and in
company' with his wife and others, frequently gave literary and musical
entertainments; joined U. P. ch. 1875. He m. Jan. 16, 1900, Cynthia
A. Wilson of Lyme, N. H,, where they res., and are members of Cong,
ch. Rem. 1911 to White River Junction.

Children :
i. Marion Estelle,* b. Dec. 15. 1900.
ii. Velma Ardelle,* b. Oct. 22, 1903.

Frank Llwellyn,^ (Wm. J. ,2 Robert.i) b. Sept. 22, 1862 ; ed. Peacham
Acad ; went 1883 to So. Dakota; farmer there till 1902; in Moody
Bible Institute, Chicago, nearly three yrs. in all; in Miss, and S. S.
w^ork in W. Va., Sept. 1905 — Aug , 1908, when he ret. to Ryegate to
regain his health He m. June 14, 1911, Agnes Bernice, dau, of J. E.
Cox of Wells River (b. June, 1892). Farmer in Groton.

GIBSON-GILCHRIST.

Eliza,3 or Elizabeth, dau. of John, 2 (William,!) Gibson b. Ryegate, Dec. 15,
1813; m. Sept. 27, 1848, Dea. James Gilchrist of Mclndoe Falls
[He was b. in Barnet, Jan , 1792 ; lived with his brothers and sisters
in the brick house next north of the Cong. ch. at Mclndoes ; after m.
he built and lived in a house now owned by the heirs of Mrs. John

362 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Gleason. John Gibson spent his last years with his dau. there. Dea.
G., Azro Button and John Gleason were the promoters in building the
chureh and academy. Held offices and was town representative 1840-
41.] He d. Sept., 1878 ; she d. June, 1901.

Children all born in Barnet.
i. Oscar J.,* [Gilchrist,] b. Aug. 8, 1849; grad. Dartmouth Coll, 1871,
Long Island Hospital 1874; physician at Rutland, Vt. He m. Oct. 3,
1876, Martha E. E. Bradford, (b. Grafton, Nov. 22.1843.) Ch. Bt h
Bradford, 5 b. Peacham, 1879; grad. Mt. Holyoke Coll., 1902.
ii. Elizabeth J.,* [Gilchrist.] b. Sept. 29. 1851; m. Sept. 8. 1874, Amos
Boyd Perry, merchant at Mclndoes, (b. Cabot, Vt., June 2, 1845.)
Res. Mass.

Children :

(1) Mabelle ivouise,^ [Perry] b. Mclndoes, Nov. 27, 1875; m. Oct. 16, 1901,

Herbert Stephen Drew. Ch. b. at Cambridge, Mass., (1) Louise
Perry, 6 [Drew], b. March 2, 1905. (2) Herbert Chandler,6 [Drew,]
b. Feb. 19, 1909.

(2) Virginia Elizabeth,^ [Perry], b. Apr. 2, 1889.

iii. John Alexander,* [GilchristJ, b. Feb. 21, 1854; lived at Mclndoes; rem.
April, 1881 to Seneca, Kan., where he was in creamery bus. Elected
1885 cashier of State Bank, afterward National Bank of Seneca ; rem.
1878 to Kansas City, Mo. In live stock commission bus. 1 1 yrs. K.
C. stock yards ; 1898 to date manager of interests for non-resident
owners of supply house. He m. 1st, Mclndoes, Oct. 1876, Fannie H.
Hibbard, who d. March, 1881 ; bur Mclndoes. Ch. (1 ) Leslie James, 5
b. April 13, 1878; res. El Paso, Texas, where he is cashier of State
National Bank. He m. May 31, 1909, at Maquam, 111., Lydia Green.
Ch. Jean.e, b. 1901. (2) George A.,5 b. 1880; d. June, 1881. He
m. 2d 1886, Mrs. Ocker, a widow. No ch. but her child's name was
changed by the courts from Fred S. Ocker to Fred S. Gilchrist, who
res. at Wichita, Kan.

In reviewine these annals of the Gibsons we must offer a tribixte of admira-
tion to these sterling families and the part they have performed in the
social, religious, and business life of Ryegate for more than a century.
And that the attempt to gather their annals has elicited the interest
of their descendants, is attested by the fact that no fewer than fiftj--
seven persons of these families have furnished records or assisted in
their compilation.

GILFILLAN.*

The Gilfillans who settled in Vermont, came from Balfron, Scotland. Balfron
lies in the region of Strathendrick or Valley of the Endrick, a river
somewhat smaller than the Passumpsic. It empties into Loch Lo-
mond. Balfron is about 18 miles northwest from Glasgow and is a
village of eight or nine hundred people. The parish records of Scot-
land have been lately gathered up and are now stored in Edinboro.
Most of the early settlers of Ryegate and Barnet can be traced to
ancestors more or less remote from these records of old Sterling. The
GilfiUan family can be traced back nearly to the beginning of the 18th
century. The parish church of Balfron after the revolution of 1688,
was organized anevi^ in 1691. One of the elders was Wm. Gilfillan and
it is recorded that he attended every meeting of the session for 20
years. In another line of the race was Samuel Gilfillan, a son of a
merchant at Bucklyvia about three miles from Balfron. He was a life
time minister at Camrie. His wife was Rachel Barlas, who v^as

•By W. N. Gilfillan.

GENEALOGY— GILFILLAN. 3B3

known as the "Star of the North," being a wonderful housekeeper
and homemaker. They had 12 children. Of these James was a minis-
ter at Sterling and George became a noted writer and preacher for
almost 42 years at Dundee. He was one of the most notable Scots-
men of his time and was considered by many to be the brightest star
in the literary firmament of Perthshire. Another brother was William,
whose sons James and Samuel were a long time engaged in East
India trade and later as bankers in London where they now reside.

The direct ancestor of the GilfiUans who came to Vermont, was
Thomas who married Margaret Dunn. The place they occupied was
known as " Wood End," a part of the Ballikinrain estate about a mile
from Balfron. The old honse is gone but the new one is said to be just
like it and is now occupied by a family named Robertson. A glimpse
of Loch Lomond and Ben Lomond can he seen from this place. Wil-
liam GilfiUan, son of Thomas married Helen Steven'=on, daughter of
Robert Stevenson and Mary Adam, his wife, of the parish of Denny.
They gave their names for marriage on May 17th, 1759. Their chil-
dren were James, William, Robert, John, Thomas, David, Margaret
and Mary. Wm. and Thomas came to America in 1790, Robert^
John, David and Margaret in 1794. The others remained in Scotland

David, 1 married Margaret Warden and settled on a farm on Danville line,
now occupied by the family of the late James Lang. They cleared
the land from the primeval forest and were pioneers indeed. He
is described as a sturdy Scot of the old school. The Sabbath day
was as sacred to him as life itself. As there were many Sabbaths when
there Avas no preaching '"Society meetings." as they were called, were
held at his house, "conducted with as much decorum and sanctity as
any church service." He may well be described by another "as an old
father, somewhere back in the country perhaps, square and solid as a
block of granite, yet simple and kindly as the wild flowers that bloom
in his own meadow lands, an old father honored by all who knew him
for his truth, fidelity, piety, sympathy and good neighborlmess, a
steadfast servant of God." He d. Aug. 30, 1853, aged 76 years.
His wife d. March 24, 1852, aged 71 years. They are buried at
Barnet Center. Their children were W'illiam,2- who married Jane Dixon.
They had six children. He d May 2, 1874, aged 71 years. She d.
Sept 7, 1876, aged 69; bur. at Westmore.
ii. David Jr., 2. not married ; died Feb. 23, 1854, aged 49 ; bur. at Barnet
Center.

iii. James,2 m. Elsie Shearer; 3 chil., d. Oct. 16, 1887, aged 82. She d. Sept.
7, 1884, aged 70 ; bur. at East Burke.

iv. RoBERT,2, m. Jerusha Aldrich ; 7 chil. He d. Sept. 29, 1897; aged 86;
she d. Nov. 27, 1908, aged 96 ; bur. at Barnet Center.

v. Isabel,2. married John Galbraith ; 6 chil. She d. April 12. 1874, aged
65 years; he d. May 14, 1870, aged 65; bur at Barnet Center.

vi. MosES,2, not married; d. Feb. 24, 1879, aged 65; bur. at Barnet Center,
vii. Andrew,2. m. Elizabeth Nelson.

riii. JoHN,2, m, Susan Blodgett; 5 chil. He d. Feb. 8, 1900, aged 81; she d.
Feb. 23, 1891, aged 67; bur. at Brownington.

These men were born with a pioneer spirit. Six of them went to Orleans Co.,
in early manhood and cleared up hundreds of acres near Lake Wil-
loughby. Andrew's wife was a daughter of Wm. Nelson 2d, of Rye-
gate. They were married Feb. 24, 1846, and began housekeeping in a
log cabin in Brownington. They remained there seven years ; moved
to Hardwick and lived one year "in the Goodrich Dist. Mr. G. worked
on a farm for $12.50 per month, though offered $1 per day for car-
penter work. He was in his prime at this time. Moved to Greens-
boro in 1855 and purchased the James Shaw farm near the Lumsden
place and remained 11 3'ears. Moved to Barnet and rented the Mc-

364- HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Phee farm near Harvey Mountain for one year. Purchased the Alex
Holmes farm in the Whitehill Dist., Ryegate and lived one year there.
Purchased the Walter Buchanan farm at So. Ryegate in the fall of
1867, where he died July 10, 1892, aged 77. Mrs. Gilfillan died Oct.
7, 1891, aged nearly 80. Mr. Gilfillan was a genial kindly man
always glad to help in time of need. He liked to do his work well
and a good lot of it. He was robust and knew but little of the " ills
flesh is heir to," and w^as stricken down in strong manhood though
past three score and ten.

William Nelson, 3, (Andrew, 2.) was b. in Brownington, Vt., June 7, 1847; he
was educated in the common schools and one year at Peacham Acad-
emy, one term under the late C. Q. TerriU and three under C. A. Bunker ;
taught school in McLam Dist., in 1869-70, boarding around greatly
enjoying the home life amoug the splendid people of that section;
taught on Jefferson Hill in Newbury in '70 and '71, boarding at Wm.
Bailey's and Wm. and Lucinda W'hite's and enjoyed the term very
much ; was obliged to give up teaching on account of ill health and
spent seven months at Dr. Jackson's Sanatorium, Dansville, New York,
received great benefit and was charmed by the "simple life" of the
■'Home on the Hillside;" returning to the farm helped build the new
house in 1874; went to Springfield, Vt., for two years as shipping
clerk for the "Industrial Works," a successful cooperative enterprise,
and became president of the Co. Owing to a serious fire and the panic
of '77 this Co. was obliged to suspend. He returned to the farm and
married S. Elizabeth Henderson, daughter of David T. Henderson of
Boltonville, Vt., March 14, 1877. D. T. Henderson was the son of
James Henderson and his wife^ Elizabeth Todd. Much of romance
still lingers around the memory of Miss Todd who left a home of
wealth and luxury in Glasgow and lecame the wife of a pioneer in the
wilds of Vermont and the moiher of 14 children. (See History of
Newbury ) Mrs. D. T. Henderson was daughter of Jacob Bailey, son
of Joshua son of Gen. Jacob Bailey, pioneer of Newbury. Her father
was a soldier in 1812, and her grandfather and great grandfather
were both in the Revolutionary army, as was her maternal grand-
father, Wm. Peach. Mrs. Gilfillan was educated in the schools of '
Newbury and taught schoool for several terms.
Children :

Irving Henry,* b. Sept. 24, 1878 ; educated in the schools of Ryegate ; is on
the home farm and deals in live stock, lumber, etc., has placed many
car loads of high bred dairy stock in the middle west.

Bailey Henderson, •* b. April 5, 1881 ; he was a good scholar and a bright,
happy boy; he was stricken with pneumonia and passed over Jan. 16,
1895. " Our sunshine grew strangely dark."

* William, 2 (Robert ^) b. Jan. 27, 1795; came to America with parents and
m. March 21, 1821, Isabel Morrison (b. Balfron, Scot., July 10, 1797 ;
d. March 10, 1880). They lived on the farm now owned by Mr.
Trask, in the n. e. corner of Ryegate, ^vhere he d. Feb. 21, 1835. She
rem. to what is called the Hunt place, now owned by Mr. Bedell, and
thence to Barnet, 1849, afterwards making her home with her son
James.
Children all b. in Ryegate :
i. Jean. 3 b. Jan. 20, 1822; m. 1845, Henry Shepard ; rem. to Holderness. N.
H. One dau., Sarah ; all dead.

ii. Robert, 3 b. July 6, 1823 ; d. March 11, 1842.

iii. James, 3 b. Nov. 24, 1824; res. Barnet; m. Dec. 24, 1857, Jane, dau. Wal-
ter Buchanan of Rvegate, (b. Feb. 17, 1825; d. June 12, 1880). Chil.
(1) Mary Isabel,-tb. July 21, 1852; m. Daniel E. McClellan; res Can-
ada, but ret. to the States, now res. at Middleburv, Vt. Is in the

•By J. C. Gilfillan.

GENEALOGY— GILFILLAX. 365

steam shovel bus. Ch. Jennie Blanche (b. April 26, 1889). (2) John
Charles,! b. Sept. 25, 1860, res. St. Johnsbury ; conected with thefirm
of Varnum & Giltillan, contractors. He m. Calista A. Dole. Chil. (a)
Freda Jane 5 b. AIarch21, 1892. (b) Ross,5 b. May- 26, d. Oct. 26,
1896. (c) Lilla Fayalene.s b. May 8, 1899.

iv. William, 3 b. Aug. 2, 1826; farmer in Peacham and Barnet ; in California
two years in the early 50's. He m. March 10, 1853 Alma Currier,
who d. 190-i on the home place at E. Barnet ; later he res. with his
dau's at E. Barnet, and Auburndale, Mass., where he d. March 12,
1911; members of Barnet Ctr. ch. Ch. (1) George C.,-* manager of
a correspondence school at Cedar Rapids, Iowa. ( 2) Lura M..4m. Dr.
Hutchinson, a prominent physician of Auburndale, Mass. (3) Carrie
B , m. G. E. Corriveau of Barnet ; res. on the home farm.

T. Jemina,3 b. July 15, 1829; m. March 28, 1850, Josiah Varnum; res. in
Danville. He d. 1884-. Ch. (1) Henry,-* [Varnum] d. y. (2) Harvey
W ,* connected with the Varnum-Gilfillan Co.. R. R. Contractors, also
in the granite quarry of Milne & Varnum of Barre ; res. Jefifersonville,
Vt. (3) Byron G., on home farm in Danville. Mrs. Varnum m. 2d.
1886, Fred Green of No. Danville, where he d. and where she still
resides.

vi. Helen,3 b. July 17, 1831 ; m. April 3, 1855, Sherman Hoyt; res. in Bar-
net. He is d. and she is with her s. Elmer. Ch. (1) Viola J.,* [Hoyt]
m. Charles Lyman of Mass. Rem. to Greenfield. Mass., and there d.
leaving one dau. (2) Elmer E.,-* res. Bethel, Vt. (3) Isabel M.,* d.
at 35.

m. John. 3 b. April 15, 1833; d. of scarlet fever, March 13. 184-2, two davs
after his bro. Robert.

iii. Isabel, 3 b Nov. 21, 1834; m. 1864-, C. Wesley Balch; res. St. Johns-
bury, where Mr. B. d. leaving one dau. Daisy E., who res. in Boston.
She m. 2d, a Mr. Thayer of Whitefield who is dead, and she res. at
Passumpsic, Vt.

GOODWIN.

This family disappeared from Ryegate many years ago, but there were sev-
eral of the name here in early years, and their descendants are widely
scattered. John S. Goodwin of Chicago says that Edward i Goodwin
of Eng., and Amesbury, Mass., had a son Richard, 2 -^-hose 2d son,
also named Richard, 3 was father of John, 4 Simeon,* and Samuel.^i

John,* was a grantee of Newbury ; m. Abigail Wells and was father of three
chil. who lived here — Moses, 5 Willoughby.^ and Mary, 5 who m. John
Thomas, q. v., and three others, one of whom was James \vho lived
here a short time.

WiLLOUGHB\',5 m April 19, 1781 (Newbury record), his cousin Mary.^ dau.
Simeon,-* Goodwin, and lived here about 14 years, removing to Cole-
brook, N. H., ab. 1795. He lived near the Corner, his farm comprising,
the west part of the John Nelson farm, and the n. \v. part of the W. J.
Gibson farm.

Moses, s (John,-*) m. Tryphena, dau. James Ladd of Haverhill.
Children as given by J. M. Goodwin,
i. Margaret,^ b. Rvegate, Mav 19, 1792; m. April 18, 1814, Simon Heath,
ii. Wells, 6 b. Ryega'te, Nov. 9, 1794.

iii. Timothy, 6 b. April 17, 1796 ; studied for the ministrv and d.

iv Moses,6 b. Feb. 14, 1798.

V. Hannah. 6 b. Dec. 12, 1799 ; m. John Chapman of Haverhill.

vi. Laura.eb. Jan. 18, 1801.

vii. Abigail,^ b. Nov. 15, 1803; Daniel Fisher of Fairlee, who d. in Haverhill,
vi Lucretia,6 b. xMarch 24, 1805.

X. George.e b. Jan. 30, 1807; m. a Miss Simonds of Wentworth, N. H.

366 HISTORY OF RYEOATE, VERMONT.

In 1807 Moses Goodwin deserted his family. No one knows ^Yhat became of
him, and his wife m in Piermont, N. H.. 1811, Daniel Heath, by whom
she had a son and 3 daus.

1 Wells,6 (Moses.s John, 4^) b. Nov. 9, 1794 on the Gray farm ; enlisted Feb. 14,

1813, in Capt. John W. Weeks' Co., of the 11th U. S. Infantry, com-
manded by Col. Moody Bedell of Haverhill. This Co. was stationed
at Burlington during the winter of 1813-14. He served in the cam-
paign in Canada, was in the battles of Chippewa and Prescott and
was wounded in the leg at the battle of Lundy's Lane, July 25, 1814.
He drew pay and pension nearly 82 3'ears and at his death was the
last enlisted soldier of the war of 1S12 in Vt. He m. at Haverhill,
Oct. 3, 1819. Lydia. dau. Daniel and Martha [Merrill] Heath, who
was one day older than himself, their married life being 68 yrs. 1 mo.
19d., till her death, Dec. 27, 1881. He voted at 20 presidential elec-
tions, and retained his memory till within a year or two of his death.
They lived on the Robert Whitelaw farm four years, then rem. to the
Corner in 1824, and lived on the farm now owned by Wm. H. Nelson,
building the kitchen part of that house; rem. to Newbury, 1846, and
d. there, Dec. 11, 1894, aged 100 3'rs., 2 mo. 2 dys., the only native of
this town, so far as known, to pass the century mark. Bur. in Town
House Cem., Newbury. Farmer and shoemaker; he was road sur-
veyor in the Ryegate Corner dist. 17 years, and it was by him that the
main street was widened and turnpiked. It was before called "Scanty
Lane."
Children. (For those w^ho lived in Newbury, see History of N.)

2 i. John Merrill, 7 b. July 17, 1820.

ii. Helen 7 b Oct. 19, 1821 ; m. George Rhodes, q. v.

iii. Austin, 7 b. May 25, 1822 ; drowned at Hooksett,N. H , Dec. 21, 1844.

iv. Jane, 7 b. June 18, 1823; d Dec. 21, 1844.

V. Timothy, 7 b. Sept. 24, 1S27.

vi. Lavinia 7 b. April 5, 1829; d. Dec 18, 1854.
vii. William, 7 b. April 16, 1831 ; d 1910; Hved in Newbury,
viii. Daniel W .7 b. Dec. 31, 1832; d. May 15, 1833.

ix. Annette,7 b. Feb. 7, 1834; res. Derry, N. H.

X. Jane 7 b. Oct. 30, 1 835 ; m. J. C Leavitt of Newbury.

xi. Edwin,7b. July 7, 1838; d. March 12, 1839.
xii. Elizabeth,7 b. July 7, 1841 ; m. O. C. Temple of Newbury.
2 John Merrill,7 ( Wells, 7 Moses, 6) b. in the old house on A. M. Whitelaw's
farm. July 17, 1820; served in the Mexican war enlisted April, 1847
in Co. C. 7th U. S. Inf., trans, to Co. H.. reaching Vera Cruz in June,
was in the battles of Canteras, Cherubusco and Malino del Rey. At
the storming of Cherubusco he was the 1st man over the \vall, which
won him promotion. Prom to rank of Orderly Sergeant dis. at New-
port, R. I., Aug. 23, 1848. (For family see Hist of Newbury). He d.
N , Sept. 8, 1910, aged 90 yrs. 1 mo. 24 dys. He was a very active
man to the last, and contributed many valuable particulars for this vol-
ume. It is remarkable that Wells Goodwin and J. Merrill Goodwin,
father and son, both b. in Ryegate, and both d. in Newbury, should
have been respectively the last survivors in Vt. of the War of 1812
and the .Mexicaii war.

Moses. 6 (Moses. ^ John,*) b. Rvegate, Feb. 14, 1798; farmer in R. Rem. to
Newburv. ab. 1832; he m. Feb. 13, 1823, Elizabeth, dau. Timothy
Clark of N. He d. Lisbon N. H., March 28. 1865. His oldest son,
Charles, b. R., March 2.'. 1825, served in the Civil war in Co. A, 20th
Mass., killed in the Wilderness, .May 5, 1864. His name should be
added to the list of veterans of Ryegate. (For familv of Moses,®
Goodwin, see Hist, of Newbury.)

GENEALOGY— GRANT, 367

GRANT.

William,! b. Burochan Mills, Scotland, 1774; came to America ab. 1800;
m. Feb. 9, 1804 to Mary, dau. Dea. Andrew Brock, the 1st marriage
solemnized in America by Rev. David Sutherland. They settled on the
" Milligan Farm," then lived in Cambridge, N. Y., ret. to Ryegate and
bonght the farm known as the"Folger place," on Blue Mountain.
William Grant was of a roving nature, and late in life went to Cali-
fornia and rem. some time. He d. Nov. 8, 1860 ; she d. Newbury,
May 12, 1865 (b. July 26, 1785). Both bur. Ryegate Corner.
Children :
i. Jane,2 b. Aug. 2, 1804; m. Robert Hall, Jr., q. v.

ii. William, 2 b. Dec. 26, 1806; Charlestown, N. Y., farmer inNewbury; rem.
to E. Corinth, 1845, where he carried on the carriage making business ;
m. March 17, 1831, Finett, dau. Stephen P. Nelson of Newbury, who
d. July 14, 1877, aged 60. He d. Nov. 17, 1873 ; 6 chil. (See Newbury
History.)

iii. Andrew, 2 b. Ryegate or Newbury, May 14, 1808. "Bound out" to
James Wallace, and later was a porter at Mt. Holyoke Female Semin-
ary when that institution ffrst opened under Mary Lyon; farmer and
carpenter in Newbury ; member of the Methodist church about 60
years, and justly esteemed one of the excellent of the earth. In per-
son he was said to bear a considerable resemblance to Sir Walter
Scott. He m. Philena, dau. David Dailv, w^ho d. Mav, 1888. He d.
March 10, 1889. No. chil.

iv. Marv,2 b. May 12, 1810, Rvegate; m. Aug. 2, 1831, Geo. R. Leslie of
Wells River, who d. Mav 10, 1865; she d. Jan. 30, 1895. Chil. (1)
George, b. April 24, 1834; cashier Jan. 1, 1858, till death, Nov. 21,
1893, of the bank at Wells River. He m. May 25, 1859, Anna D.
Smith of Thetford. His son, Roscoe, is connected with the bank.
(2) Kate, m. Sept. 25, 1867, J. L. Whitcomb of Savannah, Ga., d.
Wells River, Feb. 28, 1906. (3) Harry A., salesman: m. Feb. 18,
1872, Clara Perry of Gardiner, Me. 2 chil. d. 1908. (4) Mary E..
d. Aug. 12. 1849. (5) Ella J., m. Dec. 5,1883, Edgar C. Graves of
Wells River. Chil. Arthur L., Katherine [,

V. Nancy, 2 b. Oct. 18, 1812 ; m. James Matthews, settled at Akron, Ohio.
Dead many years.

vi. Alexander,2 b. Nov. 18, 1814; d. at 22 yrs.
vii. Janet, 2 b. Aug. 22, 1819 ; d. at 5 yrs.

GRANT.

James Duffs, 3 gr. son of James. i -who came from Strathspey in the Scottish
Highlands to -work for for Miss Rose Inness who owned the estate of
Nethersole on Deveronside, Banffshire. He m. Elspit Kier, who out-
lived him many years and d. ab. 1860, aged 82. Their chil. were :
James, 2 a farmer; William, 2 a laborer; David, 2 and Mary; 2 the
youngest son being the only one who ever married. David, 2 m. Ann,
dau. James Duffs, who was a crofter in Larthness, Aberdeenshire,
laborer and tenant farmer on a farm of 60 acres.
Children :
i. JamesD.,3b. Jan 5, 1846.

ii. David, 3 blacksmith at Cullen, Banff. 2 dau's.

iii. William, 3 un-m., farmer an.d porter in the Royal Infirmary at Aberdeen,
iv. Ann, 3 m. John Bremner; d. Aberdeen, 1908. 3 sons.
V. Elsie, 3 m, Theodore Milne, stone mason at Toronto. 7 chil.
vi. Marv,3 m. Peter Urquhart, farmer at Waterloo, Newbyth, Aberdeenshire.

7'ch.
James Duffs, 3 fjames2, David, i) b, Gask, near Turriff, Aberdeenshire, Scot.,
Jan. 5,1846; ed. at public sell., at Downies, Inverkeirting, winters,

368 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

"herd-laddie," summers, and at a private school at Turriff, taught by
James Ingram; began 1864. to learn mason's trade at Huntley ; ap-
prentice 3 yrs. to Anderson & McKenzie, builders, journeyman mason
at Banff, Inverurie, Aboyne and Aberdeen. He m. 1871 by Rev. J. Don-
ald, Margaret Stevenson, only dau. [ames and Jane [Brown] Cash (b.
Glasgow, June 2, 1847.) Came to Portland, Me., 1873, on the Allan
liner Polynesian ; stone cutter at Dix Island for the N. Y. post office
building ; at Vinalhaven on stone for the State, War, and Navy De-
partment building at Washington, and the Board of Trade building
at Chicago. Ret. to Scotland, 1876, with family ; in building work
In the Turriff dist., and at Aberdeen; ret. to Vinalhaven, Me., 1879,
w^orking there and other places ; worked at So. Ryegate for R. F. Car-
ter summer of 1883 ; rem. there, 1884'; foreman and letter cutter for
M. F. McDonald; first sec'y So. R. branch of Granite Cutter's Union;
sec. and treas. Union Co-operative Granite Co., member of Clan Far,
quharson. Was a ruling elder in Ref. Pres. ch. and Supt. S. S. Rem-
to St. Johnsbury, 1892 ; manager there of Club house for Academy
students till 1898, the children attending the Academy; rem. toBarre,
1898, Elder in 1st Pres. ch., Good Templar and Prohibitionist; rem.
to Wells River 1906, and res. there. James Grant his grandfather, has
manv descendants, but James D.,3 is the last bearing the name of
Grant.
Children :

i. Maggie,2 d. at Aberdeen, Scot., Sept. 7, 1872.

ii. Annie," b. Vinalhaven, Maine, July 22, 1874; four yrs. course at St. J.
Acad.; m. at Barre, Oct. 25, 1898, Dr. John Thomas, veterinary sur-
geon at Wells River, q. v. Ch. James Grant, b. Sept. 7, 1911.

iii. William Dougald,^ b. Vinalhaven, March 12, 1876: took four yrs. course
at St. J. Acad., where he was a member of Co. D, V. N. G., and became
corporal; entered Vt. Univ. Ag, Dept. Enlisted 1898, in the 1st Vt.
Reg., in the Spanish-American war ; was with the Reg. at Burlington
and from May 21, 1898 to August, at Camp Thomas, Chickamauga;
ret. to B. and was mustered out ; absent on sick leave \vhen must,
out. and never recovered his health. Ret. to Vt. Univ. and grad.
1900 with degree of Bachelor of Ag. Science ; entered same year, the
veterinary dept., Cornell Univ. Injured by a fall on icy sidewalk and
had not strength to recover from an operation. He'd. Utica, N. Y.,
March 12, 1901 ; bur. Hope Cem , Barre.

iv. Mary Jane,2 b. Turriff, Scot., Feb. 12, 1878; ed. St. J. Acad., teacher at
East Montpelier and m. Feb. 27, 1901, Nathan A. Cutler, farmer of
that place, who d. 1910.
Tw^o other ch., boys, d. in inf. at Vinalhaven.

GRANT.

Herbert R,.i b. Winterport, Ale., Mav 15, 1826; d. Feb. 5, 1875; his w.
Matilda Dodge, b. Monroe, Me., Nov. 9, 1833; d. So. Ryegate, Feb.
15, 1896.
Children :
i. Alvin Dodge,- b. Winterport, May 22, 1855; came to So. R., August,
1883; blacksmith, and for many yrs. did much of the work for the
granite sheds. He m. 1st, June, 1882, Mary Mudgett (b. ]ackson. Me.,
Dec. 13, 1857; d. April 7, 1893). Chil. (1) Daisy, b. Oct. 24, 1883.
(2) Lillv, b. July 3, 1889. He m. 2d, Dec. 25, 1896, Janet, dau. Don-
ald Beaton of So. R. (b. Aberdeen, Scot.. Nov. 5, 1869). Members of
U. P. ch.. So. R. Ch. (adopted) in 1904, Harold William, b. 1898.
ii. Charles Herbert, 2 b. Winterport, June 12, 1873, Two yrs. at Norwich
Univ.; stone cutter; came to R. 1890. He m. Ida May, dau. Ira D.
and Jane [Heath] Welch; grad. Randolph Normal sch., teacher.
Members of U. P, ch., So. R., in which he is an Elder and S. S. Supt.

GENEALOGY— GRANT. 369

Mrs. Grant's mother m. 2d, Dec. 4, 1884, Andrew Buchanan and Mr.
G. bought the Buchanan homestead in 1907. Ch. (1) Dorothy
EHzabeth,3 b. Feb. 13, 1902. (2) Charles Robert,3 b. June 4, 1904.
(3) Beulah.s b. Aug. 2, 1905.

GRAY.

JoHN,i b. Brigg of Johnstone, EldersHe, near Paisley, Scotland, 1748. Came
to Ryegate, May, 1774; not a member of the Scotch American Co.
Had but one shilling when he arrived; he selected a lot one-half mile
n. of the Corner, built a log cabin and began to clear land, but worked
the next winter in Newbury. Was the 2d captain of militia in Rye-
gate, w^as always called " Captain Gray," and kept for some years the
only tavern between Newbury and Peacham. During the revolution-
ary war he was sometimes molested by Tories and Indians and at one
time two companies of Continental troops camped on his farm. He
w^as the father of the Associate Presbyterian church, and in April,
1775, traveled 140 miles on foot through the wilderness to Salem, N.
Y., to obtain the services of Rev. Thomas Clark to preach here. John
Gray and Andrew Brock were elected the first elders, holding the office
till death. The Barnet church records show that he attended session
meetings in that town about 40 times. Town rep. 1790, '91, '95, hold-
ing other important offices. "John Gray," says Mr. Miller, " was ever
the peacemaker of Ryegate, and when men were differed it was he
who ^vas usuallycalled upon to reconcile the parties." He was m.
June 13, 1777, by Rev. Peter Powers, to Jean.dau. Robert McFarland,
q. V. Their acquaintance began thus : She was at work at Mr. Povi'-
er's and started on horseback to go to her father's in Barnet, and
reaching Gray's cabin after dark, and not daring to traverse the
wilderness with no guide but spotted trees, asked the privilege of re-
maining over night. He told her he had no bed and she would have
to sleep on the floor, \vhich she did. They were m. 2 yrs. later. She
was a ^voman of great courage. Her adventure with a bear is else-
where related. They were very hard working and industrious people,
accumulating a large property. He d. Nov. 20, 1816. She was b. in
Buchanan parish, Stirlingshire, Scotland, 1747, and d. in Ryegate, Dec.
11, 1837. Bur. at Ryegate Corner. She was a member of the Asso-
ciate Ch. nearly 60 years.
Children :
i. Agnes, 2 b. April 9, 1778; m. Robert ^ Nelson, q. v.

ii. John, 2 b. June, 1779. In June, 1797. he went to Barnet to attend sacra-
ment, was taken sick in meeting, and d. at Mr. AIcLaren's in a few
hours, on the 30th and was bur. near the grave of Rev. Thomas Bev-
eridge at Barnet Ctr.

iii. Robert,2 b 1781 ; d. Aug. 20, 1798.

iv. James, 2 b. 1783 ; d. Sept. 2, 1798.

v. Hannah,2b. 1786; d.Julv9, 1798.

vi. William,2 b. Tune 12, 1789.
vii. David, 2 b. 1790.

A sister of John Gray, Mrs. Margaret Foyer, came from Scotland in
1801, and lived in the Gray family till her death, June 6, 1833, aged
about 77.

William, 2 (John,i) b. June 12, 1789; farmer on homestead; captain in the
militia; town clerk 1829-'44, town representative 1827, '28, holding
other offices; member of Associate ch. and a prominent citizen. He m.
March 3, 1813, Isabel, dau. Matthew Roben (b. Feb. 3, 1793; d. Nov.
8, 1884). She was a member of the Associate Pres. ch. 71 yrs. and
4 mos.
Children :
i. Jane, 3 b. March 27, 1814; m. John 2 Cameron, q. v.

370 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ii. Hannah, 3 b. Sept. 2, 1815; ni. William Henderson, q. v.
iii. Iohn,3 b. June 11, 1817 ; d. Rochester, N. Y., Sept. 6, 184,4..

2 iv. William B.,3 b. April 29. 1819.

V. Isabel, 3 b. July 27, 1821 ; m. Wm. L. Somers, q. v.

3 vi. Matthew R.s b. April 21, 1823.

vii. Margaret, 3 b. May 4-, 1825; m. Henry F. Slack, q. v.
viii. Mary, 3 b May 30, 1 827 ; m. James Nelson, q. v.
ix. Lois, 3 b. Dec. 22, 1829 ; m. Charles Stuart, q. v.
X. Francis A. ,3 b. May 28, 1832 ; m. Pringle Gibson, q. v.
xi. George Benson.s b.'Aug. 9, 1836.

2 William B., ( William, 2 John, i) b. April 29, 1819; m. Eliza Davis of George-

town, D. C.
This family went west and the following is all we can give of them.
Children: From town record.
i. Eliza Jane,* b. Aug. 17, 1856.
ii. Eveline,* b. Sept. 18, 1857.
iii. Nelson Davis,* b. Feb. 25, 1859.
iv. Isabel Roben,* b. Oct. 29, 1860.
V. Lois,* b. Nov. 9, 1864.

3 Matthew RoBEN. 3 (William, 2 John,') b. April 21, 1823; farmer, owning

first, the farm now that of William Whitehill. In 1866 he bought the
Judge Cameron farm at the Corner on which he lived afterward; toAvn
clerk, 1890-96, holding other offices; w^hig.then republican in politics.
He m. Sept. 21, 1848 by Rev. Thos. Goodwillie, Parnel, dau. Cloud
Harvey (b. Barnet, Jan. 23 1827; d. Jan. 29, 1896). He d. Jan. 25,
1896.
Children all born in Ryegate.
i. Ella Margaret,* b. Oct. 7, 1849 ; m. Rev. Geo. M. Wiley, q. v.
John Cameron.* b. April 22. 1851.
William Harvey,* b. Oct. 1, 1854

Emily,* b. .April 24, 1856; m. John R. Miller; d. Aug. 1902.
Infant dau. b Sept. 1 ; d. Sept. 24, 1859.
George Matt,* b. Jan. 26, 1864.

Isabel,* b July 24, 1865; m. 1st, James Buchanan, q. v. 2nd, Jan. 1,
1907, Geo.'F. Hemey of Springfield, Vt., where she d. 1910.
'iii. Frank F.,* b. April 14, 1868.

John Cameron,* (M. R.,3 William, 2 John,i) b. April 22, 1851. Fitted for
college, Peacham Acad., grad. Dartmouth. 1878; w^ent to Kansas the
same year, teacher LeRoy, Kan., Sept. 1878-Jan. 1, 1881 ; County
Supt. of Schools, Coftrey Co., Kan., Jan. 1881-Dec. 1885; taught in
various places in Kan., Jan. 1, 1881-July, 1896, being Supt. of schools
at Abilene 1892-96. Came to Mass., 1896, Supt. of schools at
Adams. Sept. 1896-Sept. 1901 ; also at Chicopee Sept. 1901 to date.
He m. by Rev. Joel Harper at Richmond, Kan., May 16, 1882, Isabella
Elizabeth, dau. A. G. Jamison (b. Lumber City, Penn., June 4, 1859.)
Children :
i. Harry Matt,^ b. Burhngton, Kan., April 8, 1892; grad. Dartmouth Coll.,

1907; Thayer vSchool of Civ. Eng.. 1908.
ii. John Harvey, 5 b. Burlington, Kan., March 24, 1885; grad. Dartmouth
Coll., 1908; Tuck School of Administration and Finance, class of
1909.
iii. Mabel Elizabeth,5 b. Abilene, Kan., Nov. 3, 1892.
iv. Elmer Jamison, 5 b. Abilene, Kan., March 16, 1894.

William Harvey,* (M. R.,3 Wm.,2 John.i) b. Oct. 1, 1854; com. school ed.
Went to Burlington. Kan., 1885; farming, since 1892 in Insurance,
Real Estate and Loan business. He m. in Newbury, at home of Dun-
can Ritchie. Oct. 31, 1893, Marion, dau. Robert McLeod (b. Balla-
rat, Australia.)
Children :
i. Matthew Robert.^ b. Dec. 9, 1894.

4

ii.

5

iii,

iv.

V,

6

vi,

vii.

WILLIAM GRAY.

MRS. ISABEL ROBEN GRAY.

r^ -l^-'

^-'•^

M. R. GRAY.

MRS. PARNEL HARVEY GRAY.

GENEALOGY — GRAY. 371

ii. Harvey Douglas, ^ b. June 13, 1898.

Wni. H. Gray, possesses the " old family clock" of John Gray, an heir-
loom of several generations.

George M.,* (M. R.,3 William, 2 John.i) b. Ryegate, Jan. 21, 1864; grad. St-
Johnsbury Acad., 1882; studied law v^ath Belden & Ida. and A. E.
Rankin, 1882-84- ; went to (^ray. Iowa, as bookkeeper and grain buyer
for Geo. Gray. In real estate and loan business two years at Yates
Center. Kansas. In St. Johnsbury, Feb. 1888, in employ of E. T. and
H. K. Ide till present time being secretary of the Ide corporation.
He m. Oct. 24, 1887, Katie D. Ide of St. Johnsbury, who was edu-
cated at St. J , and Bradford. Mass. Academies.

Prof. J. C. Gray has prepared two text-books on mathematical
subjects.

GREGG.

RoBERT,!^ and Christian [Wallace] had among their chil. Robert, 2 and May
who settled in Newbury. The latter (b. July 2, 1792; d. Jan. 1,1862;)
m. in Scotland, Alexander Laing, who came to Newbury in 1834.

Robert, 2 (Robert, i) b. Weynias, Fife, Scotland, Sept. 1, 1795; m. Nov. 12,
1824. Euphemia Mackie of Markinch, Fife. They came to Am. and
Newburv, 1850; farmer; members of Ref Pres. ch., So. Ryegate. He
d. Dec. 2, 1858; she d. Brattleboro, June 30, 1878; bur. Town House
cem., Newbury.
Children all born in Scotland,
i. Nancy, 3 b. Aug. 14, 1825; m. Thomas Wright of Bradford; 4 chil.

ii. Robert,3 b. May 11, 1828; d. 1845.

iii. Andrew R.,3 b. July 5, 1834; machinist; m. Nov. 14, 1861, Clara Pow-
ers; he d. Brattleboio. Nov. 7, 1900.

iv. James W.,^ b. March 20, 1843; attended school in Newbury ; began to
teach before he was 18; attended Eastman's Business College, 1860,
'61 ; student at Newbury Seminary and teacher of penmanship; stud-
ied medicine -with Dr. V^atson of Newbury and Dr. Flanders of E.
Corinth; attended lectures at Burlington and grad. Dartmouth Med.
Coll , 1866; in practice, E. Corinth one year; at So. Ryegate, 1867-
75, where he was twice elected Supt. of Schools; druggist, and in
practice at Brattleboro, 1875-'84; took post graaduate course in
medicine in New York ; in practice at Brattleboro since ; has made a
specialty of blood pressure, and invented in 1911 a new instrument
for testing it. He m. at Rvegate, April 30, 1867, Luthera, dau. Rob-
ert Cochran (b. Ryegate 'May 14, 1843.) Ch. (1) Emma J .* b.
Ryegate, Nov. 14, 1868; teacher of vocal music in the public schools
of Brattleboro, and member of several church choirs (2) Lewis A.,*
b. Ryegate, Dec. 2, 1870; manager of the Charles Hall china store,
Springfield, Mass.; m. Eleanor Burke of Brooklyn, N. Y. (3) Mad-
die A.,*b. Ryegate, Aug. 2, 1872; teacher at New Bedford, Mass.
(4) Robert C.,* b. Brattleboro, Feb. 24, 1877; farmer in B.

GUTHRIE.
William, 1 m. March 16, 1835, Agnes Hastie and lived in Barnet.
Children :
i. Elizabeth Jean, 2 b. Jan. 11, 1836; m. Bruce McLellan. and is d.
ii. Robert Winiam,2 b. May 31, 1837; m. March 10, 1864 Janet Liddle ; d.

Turlock, Cal., Nov. 5, 1911.
iii. James Hastie, 2 b. Feb. 28, 1839.

iv. Agnes Matilda, 2 b. March 11, 1841 ; m. Wm. Hunter, q. v.
V. Thomas B.,2 b. July 14. 1843; served in Co. H, 4th Vt., in the Civil war,

and d. in service 1862.
vi. Archibald F.,2 b. fulv 17, 1845; served in Co. E, 6th Vt., and d. in ser-
vice at Camp Griffin, Va., Jan. 10, 1862.

372 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

vii, Elizabeth Mary Nimo,^ b. June 1 7, 1847 ; m. James Wilson ; not living,
viii. Joseph Cornelius, 2 b. .VI ay 15, 1849; m. Sophia Patch.
ix. David Louis Lindsay, ^ b. June 4, 1851 ; m Mary Gould.
X. A. Frederick,2 b. July 23, 1853.

1 Robert W.,2 b. May 31, 1837; d. Turlock, Cal., Nov. 5, 1911. He m. Mar.

10, 1864, Janet Liddle. Ch. (1) William J. ,3 b. May 20, 1866 ; m. A.
Leona Guthrie (b. Aug. 24, 1881 ; d. May 10, 1901.) 1 ch., Leon W.,
(b. May 3; d. Aug. 18, 1901). (2) Andrew L.,3b. April 19, 1868; m,
Carrie Peck. 1 ch., Violet. (3) Isabel Jean, 3 b. Feb. 14, 1870; m.
Walter E.Stevens. 1 ch., Herbert G. (4) Margaret Grace, 3 b. July
8, 1877; m. Arthur S. Hunt. 1 ch., Margaret.

2 James H.,2 (William, i) b. Barnet, Feb. 28, 1839; res. there till enlisted in Co.

F, (the Vt. Co.,) in Col. Berdan's reg. Sharpshooters; trans, to Co. G,
the Wis. Co.; served in the Peninsular campaign; ret. to Co. F, Sept.
1862; dis. Jan. 1, 1864, to re-enlist as a veteran ; taken prisoner at
the battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864, and was confined at Lynch-
burg and Danville, Va., Andersonville, Ga., Florence, S. C, Salisbury
and Raleigh, N. C, in all 10 mos.; sent inside the Union lines March,
1865; taken to Naval Sch. Hospital, Annapolis, Md., and to Jarvis
Hospital, Baltimore; dis. at Hall's Hill, Va., July 13, 186.5, as Corpo-
ral in Co. G, Vt. (While in southern prison the 1st U. S. S. S. had dis
banded and the men from Vt., were consolidated with the 4th Vt.,
forming Co. 's G. and H.) Ret. to Barnet, and m. Feb. 19, 1867, Annie,
dau. James Arthur (b. Renfrewshire, Scot.. July 20, 1847) ; res. in
Barnet and farmer there, till he purchased the homestead of his father
in R. in 1872. (This farm commands a beautiJul view of the Conn.
Valley n. from Mclndoes.) Went to Cal. 1910; delayed there by his
wife's illness and sold the farm in June, 1911. Members of Cong, ch.,
Mclndoe Falls, in which he has been a deacon many years. Res. Tur-
lock, Cal.
Children :
i. Martha Agnes, 3 b. Barnet, Dec, 12, 1867; m. at Turlock, Cal., July 11,
1907, Wm. Arthur, q v. Chil. (1) James Guthrie.^b. May 22, 1908.
(2) William Lindsay ,4- b. Oct. 22, 1909.

ii. Annie May ,3 b. Barnet, Oct. 24, 1869; m. in Ryegate, Jan. 8, 1901, to
John H. Tilton of Newbury (b. Danville, Vt.); res. Dorchester, Mass.

iii. Alexzena Leona,3 b. Barnet, Aug. 24, 1881 ; m. in R. Aug 22, 1900, Wm.
J. Guthrie. She d. May 10, 1901. Ch. Leon W.,* b. May 3; d. Aug.
18, 1901.

iv. Ellen Theresa,3 b. Ryegate, Dec. 21 , 1873 ; m. Apr. 8, 1903. James Liddle,
q. V. Ch. (1) Theresa Jean,4b. Aug. 23, 1904. (2) May .\gnes Eliza-
beth, b Nov. 6, 1909.

V. Jessie EHzabeth,3 b. Ryegate, Oct. 31, 1875 ; m. in R. Oct. 31, 1899, Mau-
rice H. Randall of Newbury ; res. Haverhill, N. H.

vi. Ethel Birdena,3 b. Ryegate, March 10, 1878 ; d. in R. May 31, 1899.

HALL.

The Hallscamefrom Inchinnan, where the family had been settled for centuries,
and where many of the name still remain. William Hall of Freelands ;
John Hall, tenant in Barsale ; and Agnes Hall of Barsale were among
the first subscribers to the Articles of Association. Agnes Hall is be-
lieved to have been the mother of John Hall and her certificate of mem-
bership in the Scots-American Co , found among the Henderson papers,
is as follows :

Agnes Hall in Barsale in the parish of Inchinnan having offered herself as
a Member of the Scotts American Company of Farmers and having paid the
sum of Five pounds sterling money to the Managers of the said company;
And further has been bound to Obtemper and fulfill the whole articles, clauses

GENEALOGY— HALL. 373

and conditions contained in the bond of their Association, an exact copy of
which is hereto prefixed : And therefore for the better security of the said
Agnes Hall and to Intitle her to her proportional share of the purchase of
lands and other profits arising from the Management of the said company
in so far as she may be concerned — she is therefore Entered as a Member and
partner upon the said companys records and the said Entrance.

Signed by Wileiam Houston, Preses,
Houston, 19 August, 1774.

That the above is a just and true copv of the said Agnes Hall's Entrance
and that in virtue thereof she was allowed by the Managers to dra^- for her
Lots according to agreement, when she drew the Numbers Ninety-four and
Ninety-five.

All which is Extracted from the said company's records and attested by,

William Stewart, Co. Clerk.

On the back of this document is the following assignment :

These are to Certify to all Concerned that I, the within named Agnes
Hall, having sold the within tw^o Lots to John Hall of Barsale, in the Par-
ish of Inchinnan for ^'hich I have received full and complete pay't and hereby
grant the receipt of the same. For the ■lA'hich cause therefore witt ye me to
have sold and disposed as I hereby sell and dispose from me and m3' heirs to
and in favor of the said John Hall the Sd within mentioned two lots of land
and all other Concerns in the Scotts American C ompany of Farmers in their
purchase of Ryegate, province of New York in North America to be used and
disposed upon in all time coming by the Sd John and his heirs at their pleas-
ure. In witness thereof these presents. Written by Alexander Stuart, School-
master in Inchinnan are subscribed by me at Barsale, the Fourteenth dayot
Sept. Al. D., C. C, and 74 years, before these w^itnesses.

A. H. James Hog, Witness,

Donald Sutherland, Witness.

JoHN.i He was a member of the Scotch American Co., in which he is called
"tenant in Barsale." He m. Jane, a native of the same parish (b.
1740; d. March 23,1829.) Their sons were William, Robert and
James. They came to America in 1775, leaving Scotland with others
in April, reaching Boston the 27th of May. Of the ship-load of
emigrants, Elizabeth Shields, who married James Smith of Ryegate,
was the only one permitted to pass through the lines. William Avas
pressed into the army and fought in the battle of Bunker Hill, on the
British side. They \vere not permitted to leave Boston, and at its
evacuation were taken to Nova Scotia. William settled in London-
derry, Halifax Co., where many of his descendants are understood to
be living at this day. John Hall came to Ryegate about 1791 ; he
owned the land in the w. part of the town comprising the farms of
Robert and James Hall. Jane, his w^ was b. at Longhaugh, Erskine
parish, 1740 ; d. March 23, 1829. He d., bur. in West cemetery.

RoBEKT,2 (John,i) b. Scotland, 1769; came with his parents to America, and
lived in Nova Scotia till 20 yrs. of age, when he came to Ryegate, and
took up Lots 308—312 in the So. Division, which his father had as one
of the Scotch Company. His farm was that no v.' owned by Albert E.
Hall ; the farm house was built by him in 1829, but has been remod-
elled. His deed from the managers is dated Nov. 20, 1794, and in-
cludes also "^74:00 parts of the undivided lands in the Common now
owned bv the Company." He m. 1796, Margaret, dau. Wm. Craig
(b. Scotland, May 1, 1774; d. March 11. 1851). He d. Jan. 20,
1852; bur. in West cemetery. In person he was tall and robust.
Prominent in to\vn affairs.
Children :
i. John, 3 b. July 28, 1797; farmer and cooper. He m. March 9, 1820, Lu-
cinda, dau. Foxwell Whitcher (b. Apr. 22, 1795; d. Dec. 22, 1857).
He d. Oct. 28, 1858. No ch. Bur. in West cem.

ii. Margaret, 3 b. May 27. 1799; m. Moses Gates, q. v.

1 iii. Robert, 3 b June 24, 1801.

2 iv. Winiam,3b. Julv 18, 1803.

3 V. James,3b.Jan. 29, 1806.

vi. Jane,3 b. April 10, 1808 ; m. Robert Symes, q. v.

374; HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

James, 2 (Joliu.i) b, Scotland, 1774, came from Nova Scotia to Ryegate about
1796 He m. Nov. 17, 1800, Vodaca Chamberlin of Newbury. They
settled on the Robert White farm, which he sold about 1812, being
discouraged by the several cold seasons, to Francis Stewart and Rob-
ert White, and emigrated to Hamburg, now Erie, near Buffalo. N. Y.,
where he lived four yrs. Ret. to Ryegate, where he owned and occu-
pied several farms. His wife was a daughter of Louisa, dau. Richard
Chamberlin ; she afterward m. Jacob Page, q. v., (b. 1772 ; d. Apr. 20,
1848). He d. Feb. 5, 1848.
Children all born in R. ex. two.
i. Janet, 3 b. R. March 25, 1801; m. as 2d w., Dea. Wm. Shearer of Barnet;

d. July 16, 1866.
ii. John, 3 b. Oct. 20; d. Dec. 8, 1802.

iii. Mary, 3 b. Nov. 15, 1803 ; d. un-m , at Exeter, N. H., June, 1880 ; she was
remarkably tall.

iv. Margaret, 3 b. Dec. 2, 1805 ; m. Dr. Eli Perry, q. v.
V. Betsey,3 b. Feb. 12, 1808 ; m. Oct. 12, 1826, James Somers of Danville.

vi. John,3 b. Feb. 12, 1810; d. 1847.

vii. Robert, 3 b. near Buffalo, May 15, 1812; lived in Barnet, Deacon in U. P.
ch. He m. 1840, Hannah Nutter; rem. about 1878 to Hyde Park
and d. there June 25, 1879. No ch.
viii. Agnes, 3 (called Nancy) b. near Buffalo, Julv 17, 1815; m. Carlilse

of Exeter, N. H.

ix. Sarah, 3 b. Aug, 30, 1818; m. Alvin Chamberlin, q. v.

X. James, 3 b. 1822; d. Apr. 10, 1842.

xi. William E.,3 b. March 12, 1826; R. R., engineer many years, then machin-
ist at M alone, N. Y.

1 RoBERT,3 (Robert, 2 John,i) b. June 24, 1801 ; farmer on homestead. He m.

by Rev. Jas. Milligan, Apr. 16, 1829, Jane, dau. Wm. Grant (b. Aug. 2,
1804 ; d. Newbury, June 7, 1889). He d. July 17, 1868.
Children :

4 i. Albert,* b. Feb. 1, 1831.

5 ii. Robert Jefferson,* b. Feb. 2, 1 833.

iii. Lucinda Jane,* b. Oct. 23, 1836; d. Aug. 17, 1883.

iv. Alexander Grant,* b. Jan. 7, 1838 ; went to Cal., d. there, Jan. 22, 1866.
V. Edward Miller,* b. July 20, 1843 ; went to Cal., d. there, Dec. 2, 1865.

2 WiLLiAM,3 (Robert,2 John.i) b. July 18, 1803; m. Nov. 30, 1826, Marion,

dau. Alexander Miller, (b. Apr. 29, 1807; d. Feb. 12, 1833.) In Dec,
1826, he with Wm. Miller and their v^-ives went to Essex Co., N. Y.,
to engage in a great lumber job, which proved disastrous to both and
they ret. to Ryegate. Captain in the militia. He d suddenly, June 13,
1839.
Children ,

6 i. Moses B.,* b. Sept. 15. 1827.

7 ii. George L.,* b. Feb. 5, 1831.

3 James, 3 (Robert, 2 John.i) b. Jan. 29, 1806; was a prominent man; town

representative 1839, '40, '41; m. Oct. 29, 1829, by Rev. Jas. Mlligan,
Jane, dau. James Aiken (b. July 26, 1808; d. Apr. 20, 1875). He d.
Feb. 5, 1848.
Children :
i. Margaret Aiken,* b. July 25 ; d. Nov. 23, 1830.
ii. Caroline Maria.* b. Aug. 27, 1832 ; m. Jackson P. Miller, q. v.
iii. Eliza [ane,* b. Jan. 4, 1834; d. un-m. Oct. 4, 1864.

8 iv. Martin Jackson,* b. March 7, 1837.

V. Mary Ann,* b. Feb. 8. 1839 ; d. Apr. 20, 184-3

vi. Hannah Jennet,* b. Nov. 1, 1842; m. Milton Farrow, q. v., of Peacham.
vii. Phebe,* b. May 22, 1846; lived at So. Rvegate; dressmaker. She was a
cripple, d. Feb. 14, 1891.

GEORCiE L. HALL.

MOSES B. HALL.

**<0
ION8.

GENEALOGY— HALlv. 375

4 Albert,* (Robert, 3 Robert, 2 John.i) b. Ryegate, Feb 1, 1831; in California

several years ; m. March 21, 1861, Janet, dau Wm. Renfrew (b. Sept.
7, 1828; d. May 23, 1907). They lived in Corinth, 1861-'66, re-
turning to R. He d June 3, 1904.
Children :
i'. }eannie,5 b. Corinth, Aug. 6, 1862. A very successft.il and beloved teacher
in Ryegate schools for 23 yrs. She m. Dr. Geo.W. Darling q. v. as 2d w.
ii. Belle,^ b. Corinth, Sept 21, 1864; m. Charles Somers of Barnet. Ch.

Harold,
iii. Harry, s b Ryegate, Sept. 8, 1867; bookkeeper at St. Albans; un-m.
iv. Albert Edward,^ b. Ryegate, Nov. 5, 1870 farmer on homestead. He
m. 1892, Susie M., dau. Geo. Cochran. Ch. (1) Florence.^ b. Feb.
28, 1893. (2) Lou,6 d in inf. (3) Priscilla,6 b. Dec. 25, 1904.

5 Robert Jefferson,* (Robert, 3 Robert, 2 John,i) b. Feb. 2, 1833; m. Apr. 2,

1857, Margaret, dau. Geo. Chalmers of Newbury (b. May 3, 1837; d.
Sept. 14, 1890). They lived some years on her father's farm in Ne\v-
bury, then on the Upper Meadow; rem. to Topsham after her death,
where he d. Oct. 16, 1909. Bur. in Oxbow cem. Newbury.
Children :

i. George Robert, ^ b. March 6, 1859; farmer in Topsham; m. Janet, dau,
Wm. Ritchie (b. Derby, Vt., April 2, 1863.) Ch. (1) Bertha M.,6 b.
Dec. 25, 1886; m. Nov. 27, 1905, Charles McLam, q. v. (2) Robert
W.,6 b. May 15, 1890. (3) Lewis E.,6 b. Oct. 17, 1893. (4) Ida
May,6 b. Aug., 19, 1897. (5) Edward Henry, 6 b. Jan. 16. 1904.

ii. Lewis E.,6 b. Oct. 17, 1866 ; d. Hartford, Conn., Dec. 5, 1893.

6 Moses Buchaxan,* (Wni.,3 Robert, 2 John.i) b. Sept. 15, 1827; lived with

his uncle James Hall till of age ; went to Boston and was in trucking
bus there. Ret. to So. R., 1872 in poor health; built a house; recov-
ering, ret. to Boston, and his old bus. till d , July 7, 1894; his death
was caused by appendicitis and the first instance of the disease as
called by that name in this vicinity. He m. May 19, 1859, Eliza J.,
dau. George Nelson (b. Jan. 1, 1828; d. May 6, 1898). Both bur. at
So. Ryegate. No ch., but while res. in So. R., adopted a ch. of 3 yrs,,
named Nellie J. Robinson, who res. in Boston.

8 George Leroy,* (Wilham.s Robert,2 John.i) b. Feb. 5, 1831; lived with hiSr
aunt Lillian Miller, who m. James Lumsden, till 21, in Greensboro;
went toCal , via Panama, 1851, mining near Sonora; ret. to R. 1856;
bought a half interest in the store of James White at So. R., where the
P. 0. was. In partnership with him till 1868, afterward in bus.
alone. P. M. 1868— '86; democrat, holding several town offices; in-
terested in building the M. and W. R R. R., and in the granite busi-
ness. He m. 1862. Isabella, dau. James Lauder (b. Topsham, 1840).
Hed. Aug. 14, 1903.
Children :
i. Marion Jane.s b. Feb. 20. 1864; grad. St. J., Acad. 1885; succeeded her
father as P. M., at So. R., holding the office to date. Treasurer since
1901 of So. Ryegate Creamery Co., treas. and sec'y since 1908, of Vt,
League of Postmasters.
ii. Elizabeth Lauder,^ b. Sept. 25,1867; grad. St. J.Acad. 1888; special
course at Boston Univ. Principal seven yrs. of Lewiston, Me., Teach-
ers training School ; supervisor of Primary Schools, Schenectady, N.
Y., five yrs., now in simil ir positian in Minneapolis Minn.
iii. George Leroy. 5 b 1871; d. 1872.

iv. Mabel Cochrane,^ b March 24, 1877 ; grad. Wells River H. S., Randolph
Normal School. A successful teacher in Ryegate and Newbury.

8 Martin Jackson,* (James, 3 Robert, 2 John,i) b. March 7, 1837 ; farmer, on the
original Hall farm, owning also the Latto farm, which was the orig-
inal Craig lot. He m. Jan. 29, 1880, Margaret, dau. John Aitken of
Newbury. He d. Nov. 8, 1890, and she m. 2d. Nov. 5, 1895, John
McLennan, who d. Sept. 29, 1905.

376 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children :
i. Infant son, b. Feb. 3; d. Feb. 5, 1881.

ii. Catherine Jane.s b. March 2H, 1882; m. Apr. 27, 1898, Henry Smith.
They were div. July 13, 1903 and she m. 2d. Oct. 21, 1908, Charles E.
Cairuth of Groton. Ch. by 1st m. (1) Alice Miriam, e [Smith] b.
Aug. 10, 1898. (2) Gladys Margarete.e [Smith] b. Feb. 14, 1901.
(3) Lawrence Hall,6 [Smith] b. Oct 14. 1902.
iii. Lloyd Raymond, ^ b. Oct. 18, 1884. On homestead.
iv. Leslie Freeman,-'' b. March 25, 1887. On homestead.

HALL.

John J.^ (Rev.) b. Edinburgh, Scot., Sept. 7, 1854; attended school there and
the New College. Hem. April 20, 1 886, Agnes B. Hardie, sailing for
America May 7th of the same year. Ord. and in. pastor of the Cong,
ch., Berlin, Vt., "where he rem. 5 years, which were years of hard and
fruitful work; ins. pastor of 1st Pres. ch.. So. Ryegate. Nov 3, 1891;
res. in the spring of 1 899. "Mr Hall's pastorate was a faithful and
fruitful one. A convincing preacher, a persuasive pastor and the
church was very active under his administration." Pastor of 2d
church at Providence, R. L till d. suddenly, Dec. 2, 1908.
Children :
i. Mary Isabelle, b. Berlin, Vt., May 7, 1887; grad. Brown Univ., June,
1908; preceptress of Worcester (N. Y.) High School.

ii. James Alexander, b. Berlin, July 26, 1888; grad. Brown Univ.; June,
1908, post grad. course of 2 yrs. taking another degree, 1910; assis-
tant prof in engineering at Brown Univ.

iii. Agnes Ruth, b Berlin, Jan. 4, 1890; music student at Providence.

iv. John Joseph, b. So. Ryegate, Oct. 13, 1896; in Classical High School,
Providence, fitting for Brown Univ.

HARVEY.

The family of Col. Alexander Harvey of Barnet was so intimately connected
both by residence and marriage with Ryegate people that a particular
account of them is desirable. An inn called Three Mile House, half
way between Paisley and Glasgow, has been kept bv the Harveys for
several hundred years, and from this family all the Harvey families of
Caledonia Co., are descended.

Col. Alexander,! ^ May, 1747, in Parish of Gargunock, StirHngshire, Scot.
Mr. Harvey and |ohn Clark were agents of a company of farmers in
the shires of Perth and Stirling, to seek out and purchase a large tract
of land in America. They left Scotland May 9, 1774, and arrived in
Ne\v York, Jtily 22, and after examining lands elsewhere, purchased
7,000 acres in the s. w. part of Barnet. for £408, 6s, 8d. Later, thecom-
pany purchased 5,000 additional acres in different parts of H. The first
ones to come were, Alexander Harvey, Cloud Stuart, Robert Brock,
John Scot, John McLaren, and Robert Bentley and began to clear land
near the n. end of the pond The site on which he first camped and
built his first house is on the farm of Jeremiah Abbott a few rods
above the stone house, built by William Bachop ; afterward he built a
house of hewn logs on the Hazen Road, in which his son Cloud lived
before he built a new house. In 1796 he sold his farm on the n. side
of Harvey's Mountain, and moved down the Hazen Road and lived on
the south side of the mountain where Wm. McPhee lives, and where he
d. Dec. 14,1809 at 62 yrs. Bur. in Stuart cem. W. Barnet. Mem.
State Convention, 1777; Gen. Ass. 1778-1788; Council of Censors,
1791; Associate Judge of Caledonia Co., 1781-'94; president of the
Trustees of Peacham Acad., colonel in the militia. He was m. by Rev.

GENEALOGY— HARAEY. 377

Peter Powers, Oct. 5, 1781, to Jennett, dau. Walter Brock (b. in Scot-
land, Oct. 10, 1767.) She was m. 2d by Rev. David Goodwillie, Aug.
29, 1815 to Gen. James Whitelaw of Ryegate, and d. Dec. 28, 1854.
Children all b. in Barnet.
i. John,- b. 1782 ; d. Barnet, June 3, 1869 ; lived in R. and in New York.
ii. Helen, 2 b. Dec. 14, 1788; d. March 17, 1872; m. William Whitelaw, q. v.
iii. Janet, 2 (twin to above), m. Peter Buchanan. No ch.
iv. Elizabeth, 2 b. Julv 31, 1787; d. July 5, 1847; m. E. H. Strobridge.

1 V. Walter. 2 b. Feb. 12, 1789.

2 vi, Alexander,2 b July 31, 1791.

vii. Cloud, 2 b, Alarch 5, 1793 ; prominent farmer at West Barnet; town rep.
1832-'33. He m. Ehzabeth, dau. John Harvey of Topsham. Chil.
Jeannette and Hannah, who m. Joel and Harvey Brock and went w.
ab. 1853; James, merchant at Barnet, went to Iowa; Parnel, who m.
M. R. Gray, q. v.; Cloud, Meroe, Elizabeth and Isabelle.

viii. William, 2 b. March 5. 1795; d. Sept. 8, 1883; m. 1st, Lucinda Stewart
of Peacham ; 2d, Caroline Johnson of Bath,
ix. Isabel,2 b. Nov. 21, 1798; d. Aug. 23, 1889; m. Alex, H. Brock, q. v.
X. Jane,2b. July 29, 1801 ; d. Peacham, Oct. 29. 1872 ; m. Alordecai Hale,

a lawyer of Barnet.
xi. Robert.s'b. March 25,1804; d. Julv 2, 1872; State senator, 1838, '39;
Ass. Judge, 184S, '49; Member Council of Censors, 1834, '35; Town
rep. 1853, '54; m. Louisa Coburn of Cabot. He was president of
Wells River Bank. Candidate for State Senator against his brother
Walter, who ^vas a Whig and who was elected.

xii. James, 2 b. April 30, 1806; d. Feb. 28, 1837; ra. Caroline Coburn.
Their dau. Julia m. Hon. Joseph Poland of Montpelier, and d. at M,
July 29, 1911.

xiii. Peter,2 b. July 10, 1808; became a hardware merchant in Boston; was
connected with several benevolent institutions ; member of Park St.
ch., and later of St. Paul's. He was intimately and for more than
forty years, acquainted with Daniel Webster and prepared a most val-
uable work of personal recollections of the great statesman which
was published after his death, which was June 27, 1887.
1 Alexander, 2 (Alexander,i) b. Barnet, Jan. 20, 1791; became clerk for Mat-
tocks and Newell at Peacham, and was appointed by them to sell
goods in Ryegate, where he succeeded so well that he bought the
goods and opened a store on his own account in 1818 or 1819, and
built the "Old Corner Store," about that time, and where he was in
trade till Jan. 1835. He kept a general country store, buying stock
and produce, making frequent trips to Boston. He m. Nov. 27, 1822,
Elizabeth, dau. Hon. John Cameron, q. v. They rem. to Peacham,
1837, to educate their children. High sheriff of the county many years
and engaged in m_uch public business and the settlement of estates ;
rem. to .Vlclndoe Falls where he d. March 15, 1862 ; she d. at Newport,
N. H., Nov. 15, 1876. She was long a member of the .■^ss. Pres. ch. in
Ryegate and later of the Cong. Ch. at Mclndoes ; both bur. in Stuart
cemetery in Barnet. Alexander Harvey built and occupied the house in
which J. A. McLam nov/ lives.
Children all born in Ryegate.
i. Isabella,3 b Dec. 23, 1823; m. by Rev. Thos. Goodwillie. Oct. 24, 1843,
to Rev. David Bullions of Cambridge, N. Y. (On their wedding day
the ground was covered with snow, which did not go off until the next
spring.) She d. at Cambridge, May 19, 1855; he d. at W. Milton, N.
Y., his 2d parish.
Children :
1. Lewis H.,* [Bullions] b. Cambridge, March 18, 1846; fitted for college at
Cambridge and McI. Acad's ; in Dartmouth nearly a year, but left be-
cause of ill health ; studied medicine at Bellevue Medical College, N. Y.
Settled in Minnesota where he had an extensive practice; his health
failed, and he d. at Racine, Wis., on his way home; bur. at Cambridge.

378 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

2. Mary G., b. Cambridge. Nov. 5, 1848; d. West Milton, N. Y,, 1859.

ii. Alexander Whitelaw,^ b. Dec. 5, 1827; fitted for college at Peacham
Acad., entered Vt. Univ., 1 843 and was there one year ; studied law
with Gov. Mattocks at Peacham finishing his studies at Harvard Law
Scho(jl ; in 1850 he began the practice of law at Buffalo, N. Y., in Co.
with Messrs. Metz and Tracy; wdien their firm dissolved he became
a partner with Onesimus Marshall, the firm name being Marshall
& Harvey; in very large practice there till about 1864. Judge Advo-
cate under Gov Fenton ; rem. to N. Y. City, in practice there till death,
and attorney for collection of arrears of taxes ; in Europe with his
family 1873. He m. 3 853, Eliza Ripley, dau. of Geo. Coit of Buffalo,
a noMe woman. He d N. Y. City, March 4, 1875. She survived him
14 years, several of which were spent in Europe with her children.
Children :

1. EHza Coit,* b. ab. 1856 ; an invahd, d. 1890.

2. Alexander,-* b. Buffalo, March 28,1859; fitted for college at St. Paul's

School, Concord. N. H.; 2 yrs.inEngland and Germany; grad. Colum-
bia College and Law School; in practice N. Y'. Citv; sec. to Supt. of
Public Works ; d. Sept. 26, 1 902.

iii. George Newel, 3 b. June 30, 1829; ed. Peacham Acad. In travel and ad-
venture many years; entered the Union Army, ap. Major on Col.
Stetson's staff; d. from sunstroke, Washington, Aug. 17, 1862.

iv. Elizabeth Stark,3 b. Dec. 30, 1830; ed. Peacham and Bradford, Mass.
Acad's; m. April 18, 1860, Frank C. Bill of Barnet; d. No. Conway,
N. H., Aug 14, 1888; bur. Mt. Auburn, Cambridge. Mass.
Children :

1. Harrv Cameron,^' [Bill] b. E. St. Johnsbury, May 23, 1861 ; m. St. Paul,

Mmn., April, 1903. Loretta McGinley. 2 chil.
S.

2. Caroline Eliza,* [Bill] b. E. St. J., April 17, 1863 ; res. Cambridge, Mass.

Mrs. E. E. P. Abbott and Miss Bill have given most of these careful
records of the Harvev family for this volume.

3. Alexander H.,* [Bill] b. Mclndoes, May 30, 1865; m. at Cambridge,

Mass , April 12, 1899, Marion C. Edgerly. 4 ch.

4. Mary Frances,* [Bill] b. Cambridge, Mass , May 9, 1867; m. March 28,

1894. Elmer H. Bright. 4 ch.

5. Frederick Abbott,* [Bill] b. Cambridge, Feb. 23, 1873; d. July 13, 1898.
V. Lewis Henry. 3 b. Dec. 20, 1832; d. Peacham, July 14, 1840.

vi. Edwin, 3 b March 22, 1835 ; studied law with Judge Underwood at
Wells River; in practice at Burlington, Vt., with Wm. W. Peck; d.
after a long illness at Mclndoes, April 10, 1863.
vii. Caroline H ,3 b. March 9, 1837; ed. Peacham and McL Acad's. Was m.
June 30, 1868, Rev. E. E. P. Abbott, of Manchester, N. H. [Rev. E.
E. P. Abbott, b Concord, N. H.. Sept. 20. 1841; Dartmouth Coll.,
1863; Andover Theo. Sem., 1867; pastor Meriden, N. H., 1868-'72;
Newport. N. H, 1874-'84-; Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 18S4-'88; in Col.
since. — Native Alinistry of N. H.]

2 Walter. 2 (Alexander. i) b. Barnet, Feb. 12, 1789; lived where Gilmore Mor-

rison does, building that house. Member of Executive Council, 1835 ;
town rep. 7 yrs., Ass. Judge 1850. The " Walter Harvey Meeting
House," and the "Weaker Harvey Cemetery." are on land given by
him for both purposes. He m. at Peacham, Feb. 12, 1816, Phebe.
dau. Abiel Hlanchard (b. Peacham, Jan 3, 1785; d. Barnet, June 20,
1S61.) He d. April 2, 1865.
Children all b'>rn in Barnet.
i. Alexander,3 b. Dec 27, 1816; d. Boston, Sept. 5, 1838.
ii. John B.,3 b. May 9, 1819 ; d July 26, 1825.
iii. Walter. 3 b May 5. d. Sept 22. 1821.

3 iv. Enoch B.,3 b. Feb. 14, 1823,

GENEALOGY — HARVEY. 379

V. Walter,3 b. April 17. 1825 ; served in Union army, killed before Peters-
burg, April 2, 1865.

vi. Elizabeth M.,3 b. July 9, 1837; d. Jnly 10, 1908; m. Xerxes C.Stevens
of Barnet, (b. Mar. 25, 1832; d. Mar. 27, 1876.) Ch. (1) Nellie J.,*
b. Mar. 27, 1866. (2) Robert W.,* b. Aug. 23, 1S70. 3 ch.
vii. Jane, 3 b. April 4, 1830 ; d. Sept. 26, 1 898 ; m. Moses D. Johnson, q. v.

Enoch Blanchard.s (Walter,2 Alexander.i) b. Barnet Feb. 14, 1823; studied
law with Cushman & Blanchard, Bellefonte, Pa., ad. to the bar, 1847 ;
in law partnership with T. J. D. Fuller at Calais, Me., taking the bus.
when Mr. Fuller went to Congress. He m. May 24, 1853, Ann, dau.
Hon. John Cameron (b. Ryegate, Dec. 28, 1822; d. Calais, Me., July
7,1899.) Hed. July 8, 1896.
Children :
i. Annie,* b. May 27, 1854; connected with Ingleside School, New Milford,
Conn.

ii. Isabel *b. Oct. 18, 1855; m. Oct., 1881, Augustus Cameron of St. Stephen
N. B. She d. Sept. 28, 1897. Ch. (1) Allan Harvey,^ b. June 7, 1883.
(2) Donald Clark,^ b. Aug. 19, 1888.

iii. Janet,4 b. July 21, 1857 ; d. Sept. 3, 1910.

iv. Donald,* b. Feb. 23, 1860; grad. Amherst Coll., 1882; lawyer; d. Min-
neapolis, Minn., Jan 8,1888.

V. Ellen,* b. Oct., 1863 ; d. 1865.

HARVEY.

William,! b. Inverness, Scotland, 1741 ; learned the printer's trade. He ra.
about 1762, Margaret Duncan of the Isle of Bute ; they lived in Green-
ock till they came to America in 1779, and to Ryegate about 1788,
and settled upon land which he bought and cleared, afterward owned
by Edward Miller. He was called "Dr." Harvey; although not regu-
larly educated, he had considerable skill. Members of the Ref Pres.
ch. He d. March 23, 1821; shed. June 11, 1827. Uutil 1800 or a
little later the descendants of this family spelled the name "Hervey."

The following is among the Henderson papers :

Inchinnan, 21 July, 1786.
These are certifying : that John "Walker, formerly in Glenshinnock, now in
Paisley, has paid to the Managers of the Scots American Company of farm-
ers here his impiit money, assessment, etc., due on t'W'O lots of land in Rye-
gate. And in consideration Thereof this shall serve for his Extract and or-
dains the managers for said Companj- in Ryegate to put him or any other
Person bearing this his order or Extract, into the possession of two lots in
Ryegate which shall fall to his Share, to be forever peaceably occupied by him
or them.

David Allan,

Precess
To Mr. John Walker, /

Thread Maker in Paisley.

On the back of the foregoing paper is the following assignment :

Know all men by these presents that I, John Walker, within designated,
have on consideration, for a sum of Money paid to me by Mr. William Har-
vle of Greenock, bearer hereof, have given up to him my right of the within
Extract, together with my full right and Claim to my said two lots of land
in Ryegate and ordain the Managers for the time being in Ryegate to put
him or any by his order, in possession of the said two lots of land formerly
my property ia Ryegate, as per ^vithin Extract thereof to be possessed and
acquired by him or them peaceably forever in every respect as I should have
claimed myself if personally present.

Given under ray hand at Paisley this twenty-second of July, one thou-
sand and seven hundred and eighty-six years. Before these witnesses, Mr.
William Houston, Maltman in Renfrew, and Alex. McKechnie, Wright in
Paislev.

John Walker.

Alex, McKechnie, Witness,

William Houston, Witness.

On Whitelaw's map of Ryegate, William Harvey is given as the owner of
Lots Nos. 173, 174, in the sonth division.

380 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children all b. in Scotland.

i. John,2 b. 1770.

ii. Margaret, 2 b ab. 1772; m. Andrew Warden, q. v.

iii. William,2 never m ; d. W. Barnet, March 21-, 1859.

iv. Stuart, 2 m. Oct. 11, 1816, Jane Dow. C )1. Geo. B. M. Harvey, editor of
Harper's Weekly, North American Review, etc., is their gr. son.

John, 2 (William, i) b. Scotland, 1770; came to America in 1795, leaving
Scotland, April 5; m. Dec. 15, 1794, Mary Crooks of Kilmarnock.
They lived four years on the town hill, then bought of John Pettie the
farm afterward owned by Archibald Leitch, and now by Colin Mc-
Donald. Members of the Ref. Pres. ch. He d. in R. Feb. 5, 18i5 ; she
d. in Albany, Vt.
Children all born in Ryegate.
i. EHzabeth,3 b. Jan. 10, 1796; d. Aug. 25, 1798.
1 ii. Jolin.a b. Jan. 10, 1798.

iii. William, 3' b. Oct. 23, 1799; m. Isabel Morse; d. in Craftsbury. Ch.
(1) John C* lives in Craftsbury, Vt. (2) Susan Jane,* un-m., lives in
Alijany, Vt. (3) Owen H.,-*^ lives in Albany, Vt.

iv. Margaret, 3 b. Dec 2, 1802; m. James Orr, q. v.

Y. James,3.b. March 11, 1806; lived in Barnet or Ryegate. Ch. (1) Mar-,
garet Jane,* m. Robert Dickson; d. in Cal No ch. (2) Robert,* lives
in Cal.; several ch. (3) Renwick,* d. in Minn. Left chil.

vi. Jane, 3 b. April 17, 1808; never m.

vii. Francis, 3 b. Aug. 25, 1810; d. Oct. 17, 1811.
1 JoHN,3 (John, 2 Wihiam,!) b. Ryegate, Jan. 10, 1798; m. Feb. 19, 1823, Mar-
garet, dau. John and Alice [Nutter] Right of Barnet (b. Sept. 26,
1801; d. Ryegate, March 8, 1876). They lived in Topsham, near the
Powder Spring, but rem. to So. R., where he d: March 14, 1866;
farmer.
Children all b. in Topsham.
i. Marv A.,* b. Jan. 4, 1824 ; m Robert T. Miller, q. v.

ii. Jane' W.,* b. Jan. 16, 1826; m. 1st, John Calvin Morse of Craftsbury;
they rem to Barnet, where he d. Aug. 31, 1865, and she m. 2d Jas. F.
George of Topsham, who d. not long afterward. She d. at St. Johns-
bury, Feb. 19, 1908; member of Ref Pres. ch., Ryegate. Chil. who
survived her: (1) William B.,5 [Morse] of Washington. (2) Lora
M.,5 [Morse] of St. Johnsbury.

iii. Maria M ,* b. Aug 11, 1826 ; m. April 28, 1853, as 2d w. John Renfrew
of Newbury. They rem. to Peacham, where he d. May 18, 1875 ; she
lived at So. R., but d. Littleton, N. H., 1809. Ch. (1) Mary,.5 [Ren-
frew] b 1857; d. 1863; (2) John C.,5 b. Newbury, 1864; res. Plym-
outh N. H. (3) Irving, 5 b. Peacham. 1868; res. Littleton, N. H.

iv. Elizabeth,* b. Sept. 1, 1830; d. Sept. 12, 1907; m. Dec. 8, 1856, Cloud

Harvey. (See Col. Alexander Harvey family).
V. Mattliew'C.,* b. Feb. 26, 1833; Hved with parents ; d. un-m. in R.

vi. Phebe A.,* b. July 29, 1835; m. at Napa, Cal., 1862, Walter Blair, q. v.;
res Oakland, Cal. Ch. (1) Ethel Blair.^ (2) Mabel [Blair] Squires.^
(On p. 289, it is stated that Mrs. Blair d. suddenly Jan. 17, 1888. It
should read Walter Blair d. etc.)

vii. John H.,* b. Oct. 7, 1837; m. Belle Harvey; rem. to Winchester, Kan.,
and d. 1877 ; she with one son, Charles, res. in Kansas.

viii. William,* b. Nov. 19, 1840; went to Cal., 1863; twice m.; res. Hap-
land, Cal. 2 ch.

ix. Moses Roney,* b. May 20, 1843 ; known as R. M. Harvey ; ed. Newbury
Seminary and Peacham Acad.; teacher in dist. schools; studied law
with [. b, Livingston at W. Topsham ; ad. to the bar, 1869; in prac-
tice at W. Topsham; States Att. 1878-'79; town rep. from T. 1880,
'81; 18Sfi-'S7; State Senator from Orange Co., 1890-'92 ; ap. one of
the supervisors of insane ; rem. to Montpelier, in practice there to

WILLIAM HENDERSON.

MAJ. WM. J. HENDERSON.

ROBERT SYMES.

JOHN H. SYMES.

GENEALOGY — HARYEY. 381

date; ni. Cora I. Bill of Topsham, dau. Maj. R. AI. Bill. Chil. all b.
Topsham. (1) Erwin M.,5 b. Oct. 12, 1871; res. Montpelier; m.
Clara Alayo ot Colchester. Vt. One dau. (2) Laila M.,5 b. March
14, 1877; m. R. W. Newton, M. D.; d. Montpelier, Nov. 6, 1903,
(3) John N.,5 b. Aug. 23, 1879; res. Montpelier; m. Daisy Rineheart
of Montreal; one dau. PlivUis.
X. Margaret Ella,* b. May 11," 1846; m. Rev. W. B. Priddv, in Cal.; res,
Oakland, Cal. Chil. (1) Myrtle,5 [Priddy], m. E. Demmg. (2) Vita.s
[Priddy], m. Morgan.

HATT.

Burton A.,i b. in Nova Scotia; in young manhood a sailor and river driver;
came to Ryegate and worked on several farms ; learned the creamery
business at Jersey Hill creamery; manager several years of creamery
at Cookville, Corinth, and 11 yrs. of the creamery at South Ryegate;
rem. to No. Danville in spring of 1909. He m. April 24, 1894, Isadore
A., dau. Jas. M. Doe (b. June 10,1869; d. Dec. 18,1909.) A noble
Christian woman. Members of Un. Pres. ch., So. Ryegate.
Children :
i. Mildred A., b. Ryegate, Sept. 24, 1897.
ii. Florence, b. Nov. 22, 1902.

HEATH.

This family, once numerous and prominent, has long been extinct here, but
their decendants are numerous in this and surrounding towns. The
following records are as given by Mr. Mason and Mr. Miller.
Jesse Heath, i b. Chatham, Mass., served in the revolutionary war with his
father. They were in the campaign against Burgoyne ; the father was
missing after a battle — fate unknown ; the son served through the
war; his powder horn is preserved and bears the inscription "Jesse
Heath, West Point, 1780. "He came to Groton 1781, lived in New-
bury, 1784, but settled in R. about 1786 and lived in the s. w. part of
the town, on land which afterward were the farms of 0. G. Morrison
and Matthew Renfrew. "He was very prominent in town affairs hold-
ing several offices; was popular in town as a man and a Christian,
practicing that religion which is known in good words and works."
He m. Phebe Straw, who d. May 9, 1842; he d. April 27, 1839, and
was the 1 st person bur. in the cemetery at Groton village. The fol-
lowing are from Air. Mason with additions from towm and cemetery
records, and are given here for their preservation.
Children : Three b. in Groton, the rest in Rvegate.
i. John, 2 b. Dec. 25, 1782 ; d. 1869 ; m. Hannah Darling.
ii. Susanna, 2 b. June 27, 1784; m. W. Stanley.
iii. Thomas, 2 b. Dec. 13, 1785; m. Vodica, dau. John Sly.
iv. Moses, 2 b. Oct. 29, 1787; m. 1st, Nov. 1811, Betsey Gates of Newbury;

2d, Sally Chase,
v. James, 2 b. Oct. 23, 1789 ; d. Sept. 2, 1872; m. Nancy Taisey, who d. Jan.

8, 1870.
vi. Moulton.2 b. Tan. 17, 1792 ; m. Rubv Savage.

vii. Daniel,2 b. Nov. 12, 1793 ; m. Polly Hudson. 2d, Widow Humphrey,
viii. Sally, 2 b. May 22, 1795 ; m. John O. Page, q. v.
ix, Phebe, 2 b. Jan. 22, 1797; m. John Taisey.
X. Jesse. 2 b, Dec. 28, 1798; m. Hettie Paul.
xi. Betsey,2 b. Nov. 30, 1800; m. Robert Brown,
xii. Hazen,2 b. Sept. 29. 1802.
xiii. Jonathan, 2b. and d. April 28, 1804.
xiv. Polly, 2 b. 1896; d. y.

XV. Cyrus, 2 b. 1808; m. 1st, Jessie Taisey; 2d, Margaret Bailey; 3d, Widow
Frost.

382 HISTORY OF RYKGATE, VKRMONT.

Ebenezer,! \)yo. of Jesse, lived with his bro. Daniel on what was afterward
called the Clou^h farm, but rem. to the one adjoining his brother
Je-se's. Name of wife not given.
Children by town rec.
Moody,2 b. Sept. 18, 1787.
Rhoda,2 b. Oct. 14, 1790.
Po11y,2 b. Feb. 27, 1793.
iv. Almira.2 b. March 6. 1796.
V. Betsey,2b. March 10, 1798.
vi. Truman, 2 b. Sept. 19, 1800.
vii. Hazen,2 b Jan. 20, 1803.

Daniel Heath, bro. of Jesse and Ebenezer m. July 30, 1785, Mrs. Hannah
Gates, and lived near his brother. No record.

HENDERSON.

The church certificate of James Henderson, dated at Kilbarchan, Scotland,
July 24, 1771, specifies him as "the son of William Henderson, late.
Gardener in this Parisli. and Town of Kilbarchan." Mr. Mason says
that the family went to live at Kilpatrick in 1768 and James learned
the carpenter's trade of David Allan at Inchinnan. He was engaged
to come to America as carpenter for the Company. His contract will
be found on p 259. He sailed from Greenock about the 28th of March
1773, and arrived at Philadelphia about May 24th of that year. —
(Session Book.) James Whitelaw, writing home to Scotland, July 26,
1773, from Philadelphia, says: "James Henderson is in this town
and has five shillings Currency a day, which is equal to 3V2 shill. Ster-
ling; find his boarding costs him 10 shill. Currency a week." He re-
mained in Philadelphia till November, when he came to Ryegate. and
began work for the Company as related elsewhere. He was a skillful
workman and many buildings erected by him still attest the solid
character of his workmanship. He selected for himself, and settled,
the farm now owned by his gt. gr. son, Henry W. Henderson, building
a log house about 25 rods northeast of the present buildings. An
old pocket book of his shows that his services were in constant de-
mand, and that his pay was generally in grain, or in goods brought
from the seaboard towns. He was, with William Neilson and Hugh
Gardner, one of the three Commissioners to whom the conduct of the
Scotch Company's affairs was intrusted after the resignation of James
Whitelaw, and he discharged his duties faithfully Mr. Mason says
that he was a Federalist, and the leader of the party in Ryegate. He
held town offices, and was town representative in 1813 and 1815.
James Henderson, b. Balfron, Scotland, 1749; m. probably by Rev.
Peter Po-vv'crs, Jan. 9, 1777 (the 1st m. in Ryegate), Agnes, dau. Alex-
ander Symes (b. 1752; d. Dec. 20, 1812). He d. Sept. 13, 1834; both
bur. Ryegate Corner. "They were original members of the Associate
Presbyterian church, devoted to its interests and liberal in its support.
They were frugal and industrious, accumulating a good prcjperty."
Children :
i. Jean, 2 b, Oct. 20, 1777; bapt. bv Rev. Peter Powers; m. William Nelson,
2d, q, V.

1 ii. Alexander, 2 b. Nov. 22, 1779; bapt. by Rev. Peter Powers.

2 iii. William, 2 b. April 13, 1782; bapt. by Rev. Dr. Witherspoon.
8 iv. James, 2 b. Sept. 22, 1785; bapt. by Rev. John Houston.

V. John, 2 b. Sept. 18, 1789; bapt. by Rev, David Goodwillie; lived at home;

never married,
vi. Agnes, 2 (Nancy) b. Nov. 3, 1793 ; m, Benjamin Folger, q. v.
1 *Alexander,2 (James,!) b Nov. 22, 1779. He lived on the farm now owned
by D. B. Fisk which the family owned for over 80 years. He m. Abi-
gail, dau. of Gen. James Whitelaw, and gr. dau. of Col. Robert Johns-

By William N, Gilfillan

GENEALOGY— HENDERSON. 383

ton of Newbury, (b. May 23, 1783). She was well educated for those
times, and after her marriage taught a 3'oung ladies school in her own
house. '■ Her advertisement appears several times m Spooner's Vt.
Journal for 1813, by which she undertakes to teach 15 or 20 pupils at
$15 per quarter." This was one of the earliest schools of the kind in
Vermont ; she taught painting and fine needle work ; one of her pupils
named Slafter, a gentleman, painted her portrait, which shows great
strength and calmness. She was a lady of the old school and resem-
bled Airs. N. P. Trist, a gr. dau. of Thomas Jefferson. Mr. Hender-
son was prominent in the town affairs and a good citizen. He d. Jan.
1 2, 1 883 ; she d. April 13, 1 861 ; both bur. at So. Ryegate. Of their chil-
dren four were never married and lived together on the homestead ; it
■was a happy home life and yet they said if they were to live their life
over they would marry. They were very kind and hospitable and no
home in town had so many visitors, so many indeed, as to seriously
embarrass them financially.
. James H. W.,3 the eldest son, m. Mrs. John Foster, gr. dau. of Col. Wil-
liam Wallace of Newbury. He carried on the home farm for some
time ; later he purchased part of it and erected buildings ; P. Thomas
now ow-ns it Chil : Moses Wallace,'*' has been a resident of Portland,
Ore., for many years and w' as president of the Williamette Iron Works
for some time. He m. and has one son. Eustis,'* was in real estate
business in Boston ; went to San Francisco where he lost a leg by an
accident; sailed for Oregon, was shipwrecked and the whole ship's
company barely escaped starvation on an island where they were cast
up liythe sea. He d. in the State of Washington many years ago.
James d. Newbury.
ii. Alexander,^ b. May 20, 1817 ; lived in Newbury, South Hadley and Low-
ell, Mass; m. Oct. 5, 1841, Sarah J., dau. of David Dailev of Newbury.
He d. in Lowell, Mav 7, 1861. Ch. (1) Whitelaw W',* d at New-
burv, July 22, 1849. "(2) Allen W.,* d. Lowell, iMav 31, 1868. (3)
Edrick L.,* d. Sept. 22, 1863, (4) Alden W.,* b. July"l9, 1854; music
teacher at Lowell. He made a good home for his mother w^ho was a
cripple for many years. She d. Dec. 5, 1901, aged 82 yrs., 11 mo.

Abigail and Janet had much of their mother's artistic temperament but
could not exercise it on account of their many household duties.

Alexander and Robert were fine violinists. John learned mercantile busi-
ness with Geo. Cowdes at Ryegate Corner. He was employed for
some time by [olin Buchanan at Groton and by Charles Stuart in
Iowa. He and Andrew Buchanan were in trade at West Barnet sev-
eral years; he spent his last years on the farm ; he and Robert were
excellent horsemen and "were successful in the business. Abigail d Oct.
19. 1888 in her 69th year. John d. Jan. 21, 1892 aged 71. Robert
had a long illness and passed away Sept. 12, 1890, aged 68.

Nettie, as she was familiarly called was the last and after the old home
was sold lived for some years very happily wnth Mrs. John Renfrew
near South Ryegate. Her final home was at W. N. Gilfillan's, when
she suddenly passed on Sept. 15, 1898, aged 72. All were members of
the R. P. Ch. Robert was an elder and clerk of the Session; John was
clerk for the congregation for many years. The entire family is buried
at So. Ryegate except Alexander, who was buried at Lowell, Mass.
W^ILLIAM,2 (James,!) b. April 13, 1782; he was very ingenious, like his father,
and was a mill-wright, following his trade in Vermont, New York and
Canada; succeeded his father on the homestead, and built a saw-mill
at the outlet of Ticklenaked Pond, where he did a large business for

Note. Ticklenaked Pond: The origin of the name is unknown and many fictions
have been advanced as to its history, Mr. Miller was told bj' the oldest people in his
youth that it had an Indian name ^vhich the Scotch settlers were unable to pronounce
correctly and t-^\-isted it into its present form, On Whitelaw's map of Ryegate. 1785,
the name is printed as we have it. The editor of this work has received letters from all
parts of the country inquiring as to the origin and meaning of this curious name.

384 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

many years. He m. at Deer River, N. Y. (7 miles from St. Regis) Dec.
2, 1818, Sarah, dau. Sylvanus Leonard, a revolutionary soldier who
came to Ryegate, 1824-, and lived on the farm now owned by Harry
Nelson. 11 ch. He is bur. at Ryegate Corner. She was b. on Mount
Desert Island, Me., March 7, 1797. and d. in R., Nov. 23, 1893. He d.
Nov. 1, 1865 ; bur. at Ryegate Corner.

Children :

4 i. Sarah Ann, 3 b. June 1822.

ii. |ames,3 b. Feb. 12, 1824; d. May 2. 1832.

5 iii. "W illiam J. ,3 b, Aug. 10, 1828.

3 * James Henderson, son ot James 1st, b. April 22, 1785 ; settled on a farm
near Boltonville now owned by James Gardner. When about 21 he
m. "Elizabeth L. S. Todd, a young lady who came to Ryegate, Vt.,
from Glasgow, Scotland, and found the home her father required for
her in the family of Gen'l Whitelaw. There she remained until her
marriage to the man of her choice." There has been much of mystery
and romance connected with the early life of Miss Todd. Many state-
ments have been made in regard to her which are untrue yet in her
case truth was stranger than fiction. Reared in a home of wealth arid
luxury, with every want supplied, she became the wife of a pioneer in
the wilderness and bravely did her part to make his home pleasant.
She was small and very kind and was known as the " Scotch Lady."
Her father an Englishman, was a cotton manufacturer on the Clyde
and married Jane Scott. 10 ch. He took his sons into partnership
and became wealthy. Having business connections in New York his
agent came with Miss Todd to Ryegate, arriving on Oct. 26, 1805.
This date was marked on a pane of window glass in the old hotel at
Ryegate. It is claimed she came in the second wheeled carriage that
arrived in town. After a few years Mr. Henderson erected the build-
ings where Edwin Henderson now lives. She d. Oct. 21, 1846, aged
58 ; he died June 1 2, 1859, aged 74. They were members of the Asso-
ciate Pres. Ch. of Ryegate ; they were bur. at Ryegate Corner and the
first granite monument in town was erected to their memory.

Children :
i. Son, 3 d. in infancy.

ii. Susan, 3 b July 27, 1808; m. Moses Gilfillan of Barnet; they lived near
Mclndoes on a farm for 34 years, then moved to West Barnet. He
was an Elder in the Covenanter Ch. He d. in 1882. She was a mem-
ber of the Un. Pres. Ch. at Barnet Center. She contributed the first
sum of money for perpetual care of cemetery lots in Ryegate ; it was
lor her father's lot. They had one child who died young. Mrs. G. d.
July 13, 1903, almost 95 years old ; bur. at Barnet Center.

iii. Henrietta, 3 studied with Rev. James Milligan, the noted Covenanter min-
ister of Ryegate; not m ; was a teacher; died in 1886, aged 73.

iv. Tane,3 b. 1812 ; d. June 13, 1844.

v. Agnes,3b. May 25, 1815; m. Sept. 27, 1832, Hugh Gardner; they lived
on a farm in Rj'egate now owned by John Nelson ; later moved to her
father's farm ; "she was a member of R. P. Ch. at So. Ryegate and was
blind for many years; died July 28, 1901, at D. B. Reid's who m. a
daughter ; they had nine ch.

vi. James, 3 resided at South Ryegate in the house now owned by John White-
hill; he was a carpenter; m. Mrs. Hannah Pollard, dau. of Wm, Lind-
sey of Newbury ; d. July 24, 1872, aged 55.

vii. Arthur, 3 (named for an aunt) m. Wm. E'orsyth and lived on the farm
now owned by Tait Ritchie ; she d. April 3, 1842, aged 22 years ; they
had two chil.

* By William N. Gilfillan.

GENEALOGY— HENDERSON. 385

viii. David Todd, 3 b. Feb. 25, 1822 ; carpenter and ran the carding mill at
Boltonville for a time ; lived on Jefferson Hill for many yrs. and moved
to the old homestead in 1875; he m. April 24, 18'i'i, Mary, dau.
Jacob Bailey (b. Jan 15, 1820). He d. July 23, 1893; shed. April 21.
1905 ; they had six children .
ix. Charles T ,3 b. May 3, 1824- ; lived in Newbury; m. June 21, 1852, Mar-
ion T., dau. Joshua Bailey (b. Dec. 8, 1820; d. July 11, 1898). He d.
May 4, 1880 ; one dau., Mrs. Alex. Greer of Newbury.
X. Eliza, 3 m. Austin Sly: a carpenter and clothier at Boltonville; both d.

Four chil.
xi. Abigail, 3 m. Robert Bailey of Newbury; d. Aug. 7, 1857, aged 29.
xii. Barzillai,3 carpenter and in stage business in California, w^here hem. Jan-

nett Monteith; d. Nov. 16, 1868; aged 38.
xiii. Mary, 3, d. Sept. 3, 1335, aged 3.

xiv. Alma, 3 teacher; edu. at Newbury Seminary; she taught in Newbury and
in Kansas, where she m. Neil Wilkie, one of the pioneers of Douglas;
merchant and banker; state senator two yrs.; is now farming and
deals in grain. Mrs. Wilkie is the last one of this large family.
4 Sarah Ann, 3 (William, 2 James, i) b. June, 1822; edu. at Newbury Sem.; m.
May 8, 1844, Rev. Henry Hill (b. Claremont, N. H., Feb. 13, 1819;
edu. at Newbury Sem.; admitted to N. H. Conf., Meth. Epis. ch., 1844;
in the ministry, except as noted about 40 yrs.; chaplain of 3d N. H.
Reg. in the civil war, and was in 33 battles in the discharge of his
duties, 1861— '65; Chaplain and Supt. Webster Hospital, Manchester,
N. H., some years; in Ryegate without charge, 1867-'69; d. Chicago,
111., Sept. 1, 1884r— [Native Ministry of N. H.) She d. Boston High-
lands.
Children :
i. James William,* [Hill] b. Holderness, N. H., Jan. 2, 1848; edu. in 'public
schools ot Nashua and Manchester, N. H., with one term at Newbury
Sem., spending summers on the Henderson farm; entered the U. S.
Navy, serving in the civil war ; now connected with the U. S. Army
Transport service, holding an unlimited certificate as Master on ocean
steamship from U. S. Government; he m. at Minneapolis, Minn., Eliz-
abeth Dodge Richardson. Ch. (1) Elizabeth Richardson, ^ (Mrs. E.
R. Consadine). (2) Charles P.s
ii. Roscoe Renwick,* b. Jan. 5, 1851 ; d. Chicago, 111., May 6, 1873,
6 William J. ,3 (William, 2. James,i)b. Aug. 10, 1828; ed. New Hampton Ins.,N.
H.; farmer on homestead, his specialty being the breeding and training
of colts in which he was very successful ; he enlisted June 1862 in Co.
I, 9th Vt., in the civil war as a private and v/as chosen captain ; v\^as
captured with his regiment at Harper's Ferry and paroled; dis. 1863
for physical disability ; at the time of the St. Albans raid he raised a
Co. from Peacham, Groton and Ryegate of which he was elected
Major, and was ever after known by his mxilitary title ; he m. at Mere-
dith, N. H., May 8. 1855, CaroHne Kent, dau. Moses Gilfillan (b. Bar-
net, Sept. 3, 1836; d. July 11,1882); he d. April 30, 1904. Major
Henderson was the first to urge upon the editor of this history the
task which had been begun by Mr. Mason and Mr. Miller.
Children :
i. Virginia Jane,4 b. May 9, 1856; ra. 1st, March 30, 1887, John W. Nelson,
q. v., who d, 1893 ; 2d, Oct. 6, 1896, Sumner A. WilHams. Ch. Caro-
line Mary, b. March 15, 1899.
ii. Capitola K., b. Oct. 5, 1860. d. Nov. 12, 1879.
6 iii. Henry W., b. June 12, 1864.

6 Henry W.,* (William J. ,3 William, 2 James, i) b, June 12, 1864; farmer on
homestead ; he m. Jan. 1. 1887, Artie M., dau. Orange Morrison.
Children :
i. Knox Gilbert, 5 b. Sept. 24, 1887; m. Sept. 18, 1906, Mary, dau. Edwin
Abbott ; res. St. Johnsbury. Ch. ( 1) Lottie Jean.e b. April 16, 1907.
(2) George Abbott,^ b. June 9, 1909.

386 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ii. CapitolaJean,5 b. Dec. 20, 1888; d. Dec, 12, 1906.
iii. Bessie Hill.s b. Dec. 10, 1890; m. April 29, 1909, Leon Roberts of Bath,

N. H.
iv. Marion Elizabeth, 5 b. Dec. 10. 1892.

V. James Morrison, s b. Feb. 7, 1898.
vi. Winona Margaret, ^ b. April 21, 1905.

HENDERSON.

William, 1 called " Scotch Henderson," to distinguish him from other Wm.
Hendersons, was b. at Pathhead, near Edinburgh, 1775; learned the
tailor trade but did not follow it; he worked for James Robertson
who d. and hem. his widow; her name was Jean, dau. Robert and
Jean (Foger) Melles (b. Troach, Scotland, 1771; she m. 1st, 1791,
James Morrison, q. v. 2d, James Robertson, who d. Sept. 14, 1811
and had chil.: Janet, b. April 5, 1808; m. Wm. Symes, q. v., and
Jemima, b Oct. 14-, 1811, who lived in Ryegate, with her half-sister,
Nancy Henderson ) Wm. Henderson and Mrs. Robertson were m. in
1812, and had 3 chil. all b. in Scotland; they came to America in
1820, arriving in Ryegate. Jnly 4; her son Wm. Morrison, had bought
for them the farm of George Ronalds, and had the spring work done
Avhen they came. This farm is now^ owned by M. H. Gibson. He was
elected an elder in the Asso. Pres. Ch., Sept. 1830; she d June 14, 1867
in her 96th year, and he d. Sept. 2. 1868, in his 94th year, their united
ages being about 170 years, the oldest couple who ever d. in Ryegate.
She was 21 at her 1st m., her married life was 72 yrs.; she v^ras twice
a widow, in all 5 yrs. She lived in Scotland 47 years and in Vermont
49 years. Soon after he came to Ryegate he built a " pung," which he
used in his winter journeys to Boston and for all local purposes. This
sleigh, having been in constant use by three generations of Wm. Hen-
dersons is still in faithful service by Wm. J. ,3 at St. Johnsbury, Wil-
liam Henderson and his sons were very tall men.
Children all born in Scotland :
1 i. William. 2 b. Aug. 28, 1813.

ii. Helen, 2 b. Aug. 24, 1816; m. John Sims of Melbourne. P. Q.; d. Feb, 20,
1908; he d. April 10, 1903. Chil. (1) William, 3 [Sims] of Richmond,
P. Q. (2) John, 2 of Windsor. P. Q. (3) Matthew,^ of Melbourne, P.
Q. (4) Jennie, 3 m. Charles Rose of Sherbrooke. (5) Thomas, ^ lived
in Boston.

iii. Nancy, 2 b. 1818; lived and d. in Ryegate.

William, 2 (William. i) b, Scotland. Aug. 28, 1813, m 1st, Jan. 25, 1838,
Hannah, dau. Wm. Gray (b. Sept. 2,1815; d. June 18,1857). 2d,
June 7, 1859, Elizabeth McLaughlin of Peacham, who d. April 8,
1884 ; he sold his farm in R. and rem. to Peacham where he d. June 26,
1899. Members of the Pres. ch., Barnet Ctr.
Children :
1. William, 3 b. July 22, 1839 ; served in Co. K, 3d Vt., in the Civil war,
killed at battle of Cold Harbor. June 3, 1864.

ii. Isabel, 3 b. June 8, 1841; m. Lowell, Mass., Aug. 2, 1870, J. B. Dickie; d.
July 29, 1904.

iii. John, 3 b. Sept. 22, 1842; served in Co. K, 3d Vt,. wounded in battle of
Cold Harhor, June 3, and d. July 6, 1864 at David Island, near New
York City.

iv. David Bullions,3 b. Dec. 23, 1843; d. San Francisco, Cal.. July 27, 1862.

V. Jane Gray,3 b. April 11, 1845 ; m. in Perry, Iowa. Feb. 10, 1875, Thomas
Scott; res. Perry.

vi. Andrew,3 b. Oct. 3, 1846 ; d. Peacham, Vt., Oct. 21, 1901.
vii. Caroline,3 b. Nov. 11, 1848; d, Nov, 3, 1880; m. N. H. Ricker. q. v.
viii. Hannah.s b. April 18, 1850 ; d. March 9, 1874.

GENEALOGY— HENDERSON. 387

ix. Robert, 3 h. Oct. 11, 1851; m. in Peacham, Vt., Jan. 9,1877, Helen Evans

of Peacham.
X. Mary E.,3 b. Nov. 14, IS.'^S; m. Peter Goslant of Peacham and lives on

the home farm. No chil..
xi. Lewis. 3 b. Jan. 16, 1856; m. Sept. 6, 1884, Margaret Hayes,
xii. George Fred,3 b. June 11, 1857; d. June 7, 1884.

By 2d marriage :
xiii. Henry. 3 b. May 17, 1861 ; d. Oct. 18, 1863.
xiv. EHzabeth,3 b. Oct. 28, 1862; d. Feb. 20. 1863.

XV. William J. ,3 b. April 29, 1869; farmer in St. Johnsburv ; m. March 1,
1892, Florence B Goss of Barnet. Ch. William,! b. March 26, 1893.

HENRY OR HENDRY.

Thomas and wife came from Scotland with the Robens, Wallaces and others.
They lived at first in Newbury, in a log house which stood where that
of John Allison now does, on Wallace Hill. He was a moulder, and
worked in Brandon several years, where some of his chd. settled. His
w. d. and he m. 2d, Sept. 19,1811, Mary, dau. Samuel Lindsay of
Newbury. They lived on the Wright farm in R. between 1830 and
1840. He rem to Conn, and d. at Forestdale, 1868. Thomas Hen-
dry was noted for his skill in the care and management of bees. There
were several children; Mr. Mason does not give the names of all.
One son served in the Union army in the 1 st Vt. Reg. and later as cap-
tain in the 7th Vt. A dau. Eliza, m. George Barker of N. ab. 1847.
He d. Proctor, Vt., 1881. Jean W., m. John C. Barker, who came
from Scotland, and was reared in the family of Col. A. B. W. Tenney of
Newbury. He became prominent at Hartford, Conn., where he d July
21, 1907, leaving two sons and a dau. Mrs. Barker is still (1911)
living. There were 7 other children.

HILL.

Rev. Robert Alexander, b. near Buffalo, Armstrong Co., Pa., Feb. 20,
1820 ; grad. Western Univ. Pa , 1843 ; attended Ref Pres. Seminary at
Philadelphia; licensed by Northern Presbytery, May 1 7, 1847; pastor
of the Ref Pres. ch. at South Ryegate, Sept. 4. 1848-April 8. 1851;
Ass. Pres. ch. at Paterson. N. ]., July 18, 1851-May 30, 1855; mis-
sionary to India of the Ass. ch. and later of the United Pres.ch., 1855-
'63; pastor at Jersey City, April 10, 1864-May 30, 1870; entered the
Gen. Ass. Pres. ch and preached in N. Y., and Pa., as stated supply.
He d. at Johnstown, N, Y., June 23. 1902. Mr. Hill was considered a
very able man,stedfast in the faith, and of usefulness wherever he went.

HOLMES.

JoH.N was a farmer at Kilmalcolm, Renfrew, Scotland. He m. Nellie Laird,
and their sons who settled in Ryegate were :

1 John, b. 1760.

2 Alexander, b. June, 1765.

1 JoHN,i b. Kilmalcolm, Renfrewshire, Scot., 1760; came to America and Rye-
gate, 1795, and bought Witherspoon land for the Whitehills says
Mason; went to New York and stayed 2 years; settled in R. and m.
Margaret Galbraith. Cleared and settled the farm now owned and
occupied by J. R. Whitchill, building that house, now remodeled. He
d. Aug. ll"; 1841 ; she d. Nov. 6, 1865, 92; bur. in Walter Harvey
cem.

388 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children :

i. Margaret,2 b. Feb. 13, 1800; m. James,2 ( Abraham, i) Whitehill, q. v.

ii, John, 2 b. May 12, 1801 ; went to Illinois,

iii. Helen, 2 b. May 2. 1803 ; d. un-m , June 6, 1878.

iv. Robert, 2 b. Dec. 6, 1804; went to Michigan.

Y. Janet,2 b. Feb, 18, 1806; m. Abraham, 2 (James, i) Whitehill, q. t.

vi. Christian, 2 b. Feb. 20, 1808; d. Aug. 15, 1859.

3 Yii. James, 2 b. April 2, 1811.

Tiii. Agnes,2 b. Aug. 26, 1813 ; m. Clark Waters.
ix. Wm. Galbraith.2 b. Aug, 7, 1815 ; went to Iowa; m. Hannah Pickman.
X. Mary Ann, 2 b. Oct. 1817; m. Robert McLam, q. v.
\2 Alexander,! s. of John and Nellie (Laird), b. Kilmalcolm, Scotland, June,
1765; m. there, Agnes, dau. James Whitehill, who settled in Ryegate,
June, 1793 (b. Feb. 5, 1776; d. May 5, 184-5). He came to Am. in
1795, went back to Scotland, and ret. in the spring of 1798; settled
on the farm where his son James afterward lived, now^ owned by
John Gates; he built that house in 1817; he d. Jan. 5, 1831. Mem-
bers of Ref Pres. ch., Barnet.
Children. The two oldest b, in Scotland, the others in R.
i. Mary,2 b. May, 1794; d. May, 1797.
ii. Eleanor, 2 b. Nov. 14, 1796; m. John Lang, q. v.
iii. Mary,2 b. Sept. 10. 1798 ; m. William Taylor, q. v.
iv. Jennet,2 b. May 16, 1800 ; m. John Gates, q. t.
T. Agnes, 2 b. Feb. 14, 1802 ; m. James Dunn, q. v.
vi. John, 2 b. July 25. 1804; d. April 26, 1845; un-m.

4 vii. James,2 b. Sept. 15. 1806.

viii. Eliza,2. b. Sept. 17, 1808 ; d. Oct. 15, 1889 ; m. 1st, Thomas M. Noyes, q.
v. 2d, John Caldwell q. v.
ix. Matthew, 2 b. Nov. 11, 1810; badly injured at the raising of Walter Har-
vey Meeting House and d. May 11, 1831.
X. Wimam,2 b. Aug. 17, 1812; d. Jan. 3. 1833.

5 xi. Alexander, 2 b. July 31. 1814; Hved in Barnet.

xii. Christian, 2 b. June 5, 1818; m. Alexander Dunn, q. v.
James,2- (|ohn,i) b. April 2, 1811; m. Jan. 7, 1840, Agnes, dau. James Cald-
well (b. March 20, 1817 ; d. Jan. 10, 1860). He d. Feb. 27, 1854.
Children :
i. John Knox, 2 b. Dec. 1840 ; went to Iowa, enlisted in an Iowa reg. in the
Civil war and while ill with measles was pressed into the ranks in the
battle of Shiloh and d. a few days later in April, 1862.
ii. Margaret Helen, « b. 1844; m. 1861, Martin V. Blanchard of Barre, Vt.;
d, Aug. 24,1868. Ch. (1) Julia Ann,* [Blanchard] b. Orange, Vt.,
May, 24. 1862; m. at Poughkecpsie, N. Y., Sept. 24, 1903, Nicola
Zimmes; res. St. Louis, Mo. (2) Alice Adell,* [Blanchard] b. Orange,
June 6, 1864 ; res. Spokane, Wash., but later came to Montana
iii. Eliza Ann, 3 b Ryegate, Nov. 1855 ; d. vSept. 29, 1856.
iv. James Cruden,^ h. Walden, Vt., April 18, 1850; ed. Peacham Acad.,grad.
Randolph Normal Sch. 1871 ; res. Brookfield, Vt.. town rep. 1898, '99;
clerk and deacon in Cong. ch. many years. He m. March 6, 1872,
Lydia Maria Ford of Braintree.
Children :
i. Myrtie Agnes,* b. Oct. 28,1873; m. Dec. 23, 1896, Merton C. Jewell ot
Everett, Mass.; d. Nov. 20, 1897. Ch. Ralph Holmes [Jewell] b.
Nov. 15, d. Dec. 2, 1897.
ii. Fred Ernest,* b. Sept. 9, 1875; ed. Chelsea High Sch.; farmer at E.
Brookfield ; m. March 8, 1898, Clara Peabody of B. Ch. Lawrence
Winifred, b. Nov. 30, 1898.
iii. William Cruden,* b. Dec. 23, 1877; ed. Brookfield H. S., and Chelsea
Acad.; mem 8 yrs. of firm of Ordway & Holmes, merchants, Chelsea;
rem. to Cal. 1908, merchant there. He m. Mrs. Edna Williams of
Granville, Mass.

GENEALOGY — HOLMES. 389

iv. Bertha Gladys,'* b. June 15,1886; ed. Brookfield, grad. Randolph Nor.
Sch., 1905; m. Oct. 20, 1907, Arthur C. Lamson of B.; farmer. Ch,

(1) Howard, 5 [Lamson] b. Sept. 28, 1908. (2) Edith May, 5 [Lamson]
b. Nov. 29, 1909.

V. Herbert Ira,* b. June 17, 1892 ; ed. Brookfield and Randolph.

4 James, 2/ (Alexander, i) b. Sept. 15, 1806 ; farmer on homestead now ow^ned by

John Gates ; was a very large man of great strength. He m. 1st,

1834, Huldah Scales, who d. Feb. 13, 1850; no chil. 2d, Jan. 1,
1852, Sarah, dau. Plummer, who d. Aug. 27, 1855. 3d, Jan.

17, 1856, Achsah, dau. Josiah Emery (b. Ryegate, Jan. 1, 1838; d.
June 3, 1876). He d. June 6, 1871 ; mem. with most of their chil. of
the Ref. Pres. Ch. Barnet.
Children all b. in Ryegate. By 2d marriage,
i. Alexander McLeod,^ b. March 23. 1854; m. Oct. 24, 1877, Annie Morri-
son of Canada; d. Barre. April 21, 1903. Ch. (1) Fanny M.,*b.
Sept. 15, 1877; d. Sept. 3. 1884. (2) Lilhan Grace,* b. March, 1880;
m. March 1908, George C. Launderville (b. Ferrisburgh. Vt., 1887).
One ch. b. 1910. (3) James S.,* b. July 10, 1882 ; d. Sept. 23, 1883.
(4) Mary J..* b. 1888; d. 1890. (5) Caroline Belle,* b. Feb. 2, 1891,
(6) Annie M ,*■ b. 1895 ; d. 1900.
ii. James Saurin,3 b. July 24, 1855; farmer in Barnet; m. March 26, 1884,
Jennie Arthur of Wells River.
By 3d marriage,
iii. Matthew Cyrus, 3 b. June 3, 1858; farmer on the farm long that of his
father-in-law, Edward Miller; he m. Oct. 25, 1905, Maud E. [Lowe]
dau. Edward Miller (b. Jan. 20, 1868).
iv. Sarah Isabel, 3 b. Feb. 3, 1860; m. Wm. D. Darling, q. y.
V. John Anderson, 3 b. April 2, 1862; m. June 24, 1885, Clara C. Frasier
(b. Pictou. Nova Scotia, Julv 15, 1861). Ch. (1) James Everett.*

(2) Christiana.* (3) Gordon.'*

vi. Jennie Eliza,3 b, June 3, 1863 ; d. May 23. 1883.
vii. Freemont Thomas, 3 b. Feb. 3. 1865; m. in Boston, Julia O. Shay; d.

Jan. 14, 1898. Ch. Joseph Freemont.*
"viii. Annie Flora, 3 b. June 27, 1867; grad. from Bellevue Hospital, New York;

trained nurse.
ix. Mary Sophronia,3 b. Feb. 2, 1871; m. 1st, Dec. 22. 1892, Charles E.

Greene (b. Charlottesville, Tenn., March 17, 1868; d. So. Ryegate,

May 26, 1902). 2d. Dec. 12. 1907, Allan Tilton Gay (b. Waldo, Me.

Aug. 15, 1863). Graduate of Presbyterian Hospital, New York.

5 Alexanders, (Alexander,2 John,i) b. July 31, 1814; m. March 7, 1850, by

Rev. David Merrill. Caroline Griggs (b. New Jersey, Nov. 21, 1820;
d. Oct. 27, 1907); rem. to Barnet, 1874; farmer there and d. Jan. 8,
1894; members Cong. ch. Barnet.
Children :
i. Wesson Griggs,* b. Jan. 15, 1854; grad. Peacham Acad..Supt of Schools
and town clerk in Barnet ; was obliged to give up a college course
because of ill health; mem. Cong. ch. He m. May 21, 1878, Annie
M., dau, Edward Miller; he d. May 8, 1880. Ch. Philip Alexander.s
b. B. April 4, 1879 ; d. May 7, 1881.

HOLT.

The Holt family has long been extinct here. Daniel Holt was a descendant of
Nicholas Holt who came from England in 1635, and settled at New-
bury, Mass., but removed to Andover, where he d. Jan. 30, 1685, aged
83.' Samuel. 2 his son, lived and d. at Andover. Obadiah,3 son of the
latter, was b, at Andover in 1700, and was drowned in Kennebec
river in 1739. Isaac, 2 his son, moved to Amherst, N. H., m. Mary
Marble. Their son, Daniel, 5 b. Amherst, Feb. 5, 1767 ; m. 1702, Mar-

390 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

tha, dau. of Capt. Archelaus Town, a captain in the Continental
army. They came to Ryegate about 1801; was a blacksmith and
lived on the west side of the road between the Corner and the Gray
farm, and had his shop on the east side ; later they lived on the Josiah
Page farm a little n. of W. F. McLam's, but he d. at the house of his
son Wm., at Wells River, June 18, 1854; she d. Oct. 5, 1845, in Bath;
both bur. at Ryegate Corner.
Children :
i. Nancy, 6 b. Concord, Mass., Nov. 18, 1793; m. Sept. 22, 1821, John B.

Ross; lived and d. at Middleport, N. Y.
ii. Sophia C.,^ b. Newbury, Mass., Aug. 8, 1795; never m.
iii. Noah, 6 b. Haverhill, Mass., Aug. 1, 1797; m. Achsa Walker; lived in

Canada,
iv. Loarami.e b, Haverhill, N. H., Aug. 11, 1799; m. Nov. 18, 1830, Maria
Hooker of Danville. Ch. John and Henry. She m. 2d, Alexander S.
Miller, q. v.
v. Daniel, 6 b. Newbury, Vt., Sept. 2, 1801; lived in Bath; in lumber busi-
ness ; m. 3 times
vi. Martha, 6 b. Ryegate, April 19, 1805; m. Benjamin Folger, q. v.
vii. Mary, 6 b Ryegate. July 8, 1808; never m., lived at Beebe Plain, P. Q.
viii. William, 6 twin to Mary.
ix. John, 6 b. Ryegate, June 19, 1812; m. Dec. 29,1836, Lorinda Hooker;
lived in Bath. Monroe and Danville. 7 ch. Raftsman on Connecti-
cut River 25 yrs.
1 William Scott,2, (Daniel, i) b. Ryegate, July 8, 1808; m. May 9, 1833, Mar-
garet, dau. James Nelson (b. April 28,1812.) Blacksmith at Wells;
River, owning the brick shop where he made axes and other edge tools;
he built and occupied the house where H. T. Baldwin lived in 1908
about 1858 they rem. to Iowa where they d.
Children all born at Wells River,
i. James N.,a b. May 13, 1834.
ii. WilUam.a b. June 21, 1836.

iii. Nancy E.,^ b. Jan. 5, 1839; m. John Rickey of Green Mountain, Iowa,
iv. Marv Jane. 3 b. Dec. 7, 1841.
V. Martha S.,3 b. May 1, 1844.
vi. MargaretJ.,3b. luly 20. 1846.
vii. Robert D.,3 b. April 2, 1849.
viii. Alfred T..3 b. May 28, 1851.

HOSMER.

When James Whitelaw and David Allan first visited Ryegate on their tour of
inspection, they found Aaron Hosmer living in a log cabin on the farm
now that of A. A. Miller. He had lived there for several years, hunt-
ing and fishing. He received from them a grant of land which he sold
to William Nelson, and returned to Newbury. Mr. Mason says that
he was b. in 1724, was living in Charlestown, N. H.,in 1740, and was
one of Capt. Noble's Co. when attacked by the Indians; in 1754 he
v^^as at Fort Dummer. He was one of the first to come to Newbury,
and his marriage to Caroline, dau. Thomas Chamberlain, was the 1st
in this part of New England. He seems to have had the pioneer spirit,
as he became one of tli^ first settlers in Groton, clearing a farm on
Ricker's meadow, w^hich he sold, and lived some years in Barnet ; -was
living in 1797 on the Renfrew farm, and d. suddenly while on a visit
to Barnet, Aug. 6, 1803. He served 15 days in Capt. Thos. Johnson's
Co. of Minutemen in 1775 and as a scout in Capt. John G. Bayley's
Co., 8 mo 20 d. 1777-79. There is no record of the date and place
of his wife's death. His descendants are among many families in
Groton and other towns.

GENEALOGY — HOSMER. 391

Children so far as known.
i. Caroline ^ b. Newbury; m. Aaron Wesson.
ii. Rufus,2 m. Sally, dau. Jacob Page; went west.
iii. James, 2 m. Miss Carter of Peacham

iv. Aaron, 2. b. 1769, in Ryegate, the 1st white child b. in Caledonia Co. He
m. July, 1793, Dorothy, sister of Jonathan, Josiah and Robards Dar-
ling. Chil. (l)Rufus3 b. March 7. 1795. (2) Abigail.s b. luly 31,
1787; m. Medad Welch. (3) Phebe.3 b. 1799; m. Josiah Darling.
(4) Josiah D.,3 b. Dec. 13, 1801. (5) Phebe.a b. Jan. 19, 1815.

HOOPER.

John J. C.i b. Berwick, Me., March 2, 1815; m. 1st Esther Guptill, Feb. 25,
1841, who d. Jan. 6, 1853. He came to Groton, and later to Ryegate
and m 2d, Sept. 8, 1860, Rachel, dau. John, 2 Orr, and wid. of Isaiah
Emery (b. 1816; d. July 6,1874.) Lived on the Orr farm in the
stone house with his son Frank till death, April 27, 1887.
Children by 1st m. all born in Maine,
i. Joseph Albert, 2 b. May 11, 1842; res. Groton; served in the Union army,
ii. Mary Hannah, 2. b. Oct, 26, 1 843.
iii. James William, 2 b. Mav 6, 1845.
iv. Dorcas Emily,^ b. Feb.'27, 1846.
V. Charles F.,2 b. March 4, 1847.
vi. George A. ,2 b. May 31, 1849.

By 2d marriage.
vii. Frank,2 b., Ryegate, May 21, 1861; m. Jan. 14, 1885, Madeline Buck-
land; farmer on homestead. Ch. Charles E., b. Jan. 11, 1895.

HUNT.

The Hunts are long gone from Ryegate, but were active people in the pioneer
days. Daniel Hunt was descended from one of the early settlers of
Amesbury, Mass., the line of ancestry being:
i. Edward, 1650-1727 ; m. Ann Weed,
ii. Samuel, 1690- m. Elizabeth Clough.

iii. Daniel, 1723 at Kingston, N. H.; m, Mary Trussell of K.; came first to
Newbury, 1772, but returned to K. and served in the rev. war; was in
the Battle of Bunker Hill; came to R. about 1779 with part of his
family, and began to clear the farm owned in 1860 by A. B. Pringle,
nnd built a house there ; later he bought land of Hugh Gammell, what
is now East Ryegate, and built, Mr. Mason says, the house in which
the late Major Nelson lived, now that of Clarence Bedell. He d. 1807 ;
she d. 1795 ; both bur. in the " Old Scotch Cemetery," and he is the
only rev. soldier bur. there. Their descendants are numerous in all
northern Vermont and New Hampshire. Their chil. all b. Kingston,
N. H., were Joshua, Samuel, Nehemiah, Henry, Daniel, Zebulon, Moses
and Mary, who m. Abner Hunt,

* Joshua, 2 ( Daniel, i) b. 1759 ; came with parents to Ryegate, served in the rev.
war in the Upper Coos, and succeeded his father on the Thos. Nelson
tarm. He m. 1787, Elizabeth Whittlesey of Newbury, who d. 1823;
hed. 1815.
Children all born in Ryegate.
i. Mehitable,3 b. Oct. 13, 1788; m. Nathaniel F. Annis.

ii. Joshua, 3 b. Nov, 25, 1790; m. Emma, dau. Er Chamberlin.

iii. Chapin.s b. March 1, 1794; m Susan Ladd of Haverhill.

iv. Eli, 3 b. July 28, 1797 ; m. xMary Upham.

*(From sketch by Mason, dates of birth from town records).

392 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

V. Worcester,3 b. Aug. 14, 1799; m. Jan. 3, 1822, Charlotte Sherburne of
Mclndoe Falls. Chil. (1) Solomon S ,* b. Aug. 24-, 1825. (2)Chester
L.,* b. lune 16, 1830 (3) Charlotte S.4, b. Feb. 22. 1832.
vi. Leonard 3 b. May 14, 1801 : d. Nov. 30, 1911 ; m. Luthera Clark,
vii. William, 3 b. May 31, 1804; m. May 12, 1825, Lucy Sherburne.
Tiii. James, 3 b. Dec 19, 1807; m. Lucy Pike.
ix. Mitchell, 3 b. July 20, 1812.
1 Mehitabel,3 (Joshua,2 Daniel,!) b. Oct. 13, 1788; m. Nathaniel F. Annis;
they lived in R. several yrs. 7 ch. of whom one at least, Abiathar W.,
was b. in K. Dec. 3, 1815; physician; grad. Vt. Med. Coll; Wood-
stock, 1840; settled in Westfield, Vt., where he d. Jan. 13, 1876.

HUNTER.

John, b. Lockvvinnock, Scotland, 1776 ; came to Am. 1797; bought of John
Hunter of New York, the land on which his son Moses afterward lived ;
in 1822 he bought of Timothy Upham, Lot 6, Range 2, No. Div., on
which he built a saw mill ; he was a carpenter, and erected houses and
barns in Ryegate and Barnet, and the Walter Harvey Meeting House
in 1831. He m. 1802, Marion, dau. John Waddell (b. Scotland, July 6,
1774; d. July 5, 1845.) He d. Jan. 9, 1849; bur. Walter Harvey cem.
Members of Ref Pres. ch.
Children all born in Ryegate. (Dates of birth from Family Bible which
differ from those in town record).

1 1. John, b. Feb. 10, 1803.

ii. Rebecca, 2 b. Feb. 13, 1805; d. July 31, 1881.
iii. Janet, 2 b. March 31, 1807; d. April 20, 1893.

2 iv. William,2b. Feb. 11, 1809.

V. Mary,2 b. Feb. 14, 1811 ; d. y.

vi. Marion, 2 b. Oct, 3, 1813; d. Nov. 13, 1865.

3 vii. Moses,2 b. April 16. 1816.
4. viii. James, 2 b. March 14, 1823.

1 John, 2 (John,i) b, Feb. 13, 1803 ; farmer in Ryegate till about 1842, when he

rem. to Glover. He m. by Rev. Thos. Goodwillie, Feb. 27, 1829, Doro-
thy Scales (b. Peacham, Jan. 15, 1803; d. in Glover, Aug. 3, 1874).
He d. in Glover. July 15, 1869.
Children, the first five born in Ryegate.
i. William, a b. May 21. 1832 ; m. Mary Ann Bartlett.
ii. Helen M..3 b. Sept. 26. 1834.
iii. John,3 b. July 15, 1836 ; d. July 15, 1 859.
iv. Eliza,3 b. Sept. 4, 1838; m. Nov. 26, 1875, Wm. French.
V. Sarah S.,3 b. [une 24, 1841 ; m. Jan. 29, 1865, Alvah D. Marckle.
vi. Thomas M.,3 b. Glover, Oct. 5, 1843; m. in Groton, Nov. 26, 1875, Re-
becca Marsh,

2 William, 2 (John,i) b. Feb. 11, 1809; m. March 12, 1835, Catherine, dau.

John" McLani (b. Scotland. Nov. 2, 1815; d. April 4, 1882); farmer
in Ryegate; bought of his father Lot No. 6, Range 1, No. Div. 1835;
in 1878 he Ijought the original Hunter farm of his brother Moses, on
which he d. suddenly Nov. 11, 1887; members of the Ref. Pres.
church. Bur. Walter Harvey cem.
Children :
i. Catherine B.,3 b. Feb. 7, 1836 ; d. July 12, 1865.

ii. John Knox,3 b Oct. 31, 1837; district school ed.; worked for Maj. Thos.
Nelson while he was in the army ; teamster for a lumber company,
Worcester; rem. to Ono, Pierce Co,. Wis.; farmer. He m. Oct. 12,
1869, Susan M. ElHott; members of Methodist ch. He d. March 12,
1908; she d. Feb. 13, 1901. One dau. m. R.Richardson; lives on
homestead.
5 iii. James Renwick,3 b. Jan. 5, 1840.

GENEALOGY— HUNTER. 393

iv. Moses Roney,3 b. Dec. 6, 1842; enlisted in Co. F, 15th Vt., Sept. 1862;
taken down with measles in Jtine, 1863; went with his regiment to
the battle of Gettysburg ; being weak from illness he received a sun-
stroke which caused the loss of his mind from which he has never re-
covered ; receives a pension of $72 per mo. for total disability.
V. Marion, 3 b, Dec. 6, 1844 ; d. Dec. 9, 1911 ; m. Peter M. Abbott, q. v.

6 vi. William M.,3 b. May 12, 1847.

vii. Robert Andrew, 3 b. April 20, 1850; m. Nov. 1878, Sylvia Inman; he d.

April 27. 1883; she d. 1887-90. Chil. (1) Joseph.* (2) Robert.^
viii. Mary Ann, 2 b. April 14, 1853; m. 1st, Lee Somers, q. v. 2d, Cloud
Brock, q. v.
ix. Walter Alexander,^ b. July 10,1856; m. Jennie Davis; res. Worcester,
Mass. Ch. Robert D., Grace and Lillian L.
3 MosES,2. (John.i) b. April 16, 1816, farmer in R.; m. Sept. 21, 1859, Isabel,
dau. James,2 Whitehill (b. Jan. 13, 1835; d. April 14, 1867.) He
d. March 12, 1879; bur. Walter Harvey cem.; members of Ref. Pres.
ch. Their farm was afterwards owned by J. J. Hunter, then by Peter
Abbott and now by Clinton K. Page.
Children :

7 i. James J. ,3 b. April 15, 1863.

4 James,2 (John.i) b. March 14, 1823; rem. to Rutland, Mass.. 1858; lived in

Worcester some years; farmer in Rutland; m. Sept. 7, 1863, Mrs.

Abbie (Davis) Green. He d. Feb. 21, 1904; Walter Harvey cera.
Children :
i. William J.,3 b. 1865; res. Waltham, Mass.; m. Feb. 8, 1899, Estella A.

Browning ot Lincoln, Mass. Chil. Geo. E., Milton J.
ii. Abigail, 3 b. 1867; m. 1st. Edwin Prescott. 2d, Fred Tucker.

5 James R.,3 (William, 2 John.i) b. Jan. 5, 1840; com. school edu.; peddled tin

ware for Smith Bros., Templeton, Mass. In 1858, went to St. An-
thony Falls, now Minneapolis ; the village then was on the east side
of the Falls; where Minneapolis now stands was then a farm. In
that year he went down the Mississippi as a raftsman, the raft con-
taining about a million feet in "cribs" of about 4 M each; they met
with accidents caused by their unwieldy raft, which they took to Han-
nibal, Mo. Rem. there till the spring of 1860, and started with two
brothers by name of England, and one ox team with tools and a
year's provisions, for the Colorado gold diggings, reaching Denver
June 15 ; there were but seven houses in Denver at that time ; he dis-
covered the Colorado lode in Gambrel gulch, near Central City, and
worked it two yrs. It is still being worked. In the spring of 1862,
he enlisted in Co. P, 2d Colorado Cavalry ; went with the reg. to New
Mexico ; wounded in a skirmish near Los Vegas, N. M. When the reg.
was ordered to the states, he was left in hospital at Santa Fe ; crossed
the Plains in the winter of 1863 to Kansas City, joining the Co. at
Independence. At that time the army mail from Kansas City to the
front was carried by mounted men, two being sent with every mail,
as the bushwhackers destroyed the regular mail. In June the carriers
from Kansas City to Independence were killed, and Hunter volun-
teered to carry the mail alone which he did till July, 1864, and was
only molested once, ^vhen he was ambushed by Dick Yager's band, but
escaped ; was with his company in several attacks upon guerilla bands,
and with his reg. when Gen. Price invaded Missouri in 1864 with
30,000 men, and was in six battles, till Price was driven out. The
reg. was then re-mounted, and ordered to the Plains to guard the
Santa Fe mail through the Kaw, Comanche and Sioux tribes of In-
dians, from Walnut Creek to Ft. Lyon, 250 miles, 50 mounted men
being sent with every coach. Hunter was on two of these escorts.
On the last trip they ran through a large party ot Sioux Indians, at
the crossing of the Arkansas, but escaped without harm, only to be
entangled in a stampede of an immense herd of buffaloes. The reg.

394 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT,

was mustered out at Ft. Riley, June 15, 1865. On their way to Law^-
rence. the Blue River was swollen by a freshet ; he with two others
rode in a skiff to Lawrence, 140 miles. Reached home June 29, 1865,
having been gone over 7 yrs. In 1866 he bought the Alex McDonald
place of his father, in Ryegate, which he sold 1911, to A.E.Roy.
In 1880 he built a mill for making apple jelly, etc., which turns out
each year 5 to 7 tons of jelly, and other products. In 1899 he built
the Vermont House at York Beach, Maine, which he runs through the
summer season. Hem. Feb, 5, 1868, Flora, dau. Walter Abbott, (b.
March 5, 1839.) Mem. Ref. Pres. ch.
Children :

i. Mabel J.,* b. Feb. 3, 1869; teacher.

ii. Margaret S.,* b. Dec. 8, 1871 ; teacher.

6 William McLam.s (Wimam,2 John.i) b. R. May 12, 1847; ed. Peacham

Acad.; in Cal. 1872, one yr.; injoplin. Mo., two yrs., in mining; ret.

to R. 1876 ; farmer; elected 1884, elder in the Ret. Pres. ch. in Barnet.

He m. 1st, Jan. 1, 1879, by Rev. D. C. Paris, Agnes M. Guthrie of

Peacham. who d. July 18, 1896. 2d, Nov. 14, 1898, by Rev. D. C.

Paris, Mrs. Victoria Whitehill Dunn.
Children all by 1st marriage,
i. William Luther,* b. Sept. 17, 1881 ; m. Dec. 21. 1907, Agnes Whitehill of

So. Ryegate,
ii. David Knox,-*' b. April 11, 1884.
iii. Katherine Agnes Elizabeth,* b July 1, 1885; m. June 22, 1903, Wilfrid

Wilson of Peacham. Ch. (1) Agnes Mary Victoria. ^ (2) Anne Jean. ^

7 James J. .3 (Moses,2 John.i) b, R. April 15, 1863; m. in R, March 14, 1892,

Annie Siebel (b. Washington, Mo., Nov. 28, 1870.) They rem. to
Oklahoma, 1900.
Children :
i. Isabel S.,* b. Ryegate, Jan. 21, 1896.
ii. Herbert B.,-i b. Ryegate, Feb. 1 3, 1897.
iii. Annie M.,* b. Ryegate Feb. 23, 1899.
iv. Delphi O.,* b. Texala, Okla., Aug 26, 1902.
V. Agnes E ,* b. Texala, Nov. 2, 1905.

HYNDMAN.*

JoHN.i b. 1740; lived in the parish of Kilallen, Scotland, where he m. Janet
Alexander (b. 1739). They came to America 1771, landing in Phila-
delphia or the Jerseys ; went to Baltimore, but did not stay long ; they
went to Princeton where they fell in with Dr. Witherspoon and w^ere
persuaded by him to come to Ryegate, where they pitched on land
afterward owned and occupied by Wm. Nelson. A few years later his
father and mother came over and lived with them, where both d. and
are buried in the Old Scotch Cemetery. John Hyndman was the first
settler to come to Ryegate with a family. They were original mem-
bers of theAsso.ch. In 1788 he rem. to Monroe. N. H., later to Barnet.
Ord Deacon in the Associate ch. at Barnet, April 13, 1791, and Elder,
May 28, 1794; owing to some troubles in the Barnet ch. they joined
the Covenanters in 1800. He d. in Barnet, May II. 1834, aged 94,
and his wife Oct. 28. 1831, aged 92; bur at Barnet village.
Children all b. in Ryegate except the 1st and last.
i. William, 2 b. Kilallen parish, March 23, 1771; rem. to Monroe, N. H.; m.
1800, by Rev. David Goodwillie, Isabel, dau. Walter Brock; she was
b. 1776, in the block house on the W. T. McLam farm. 1 1 ch. He d.
July 5, 1868, aged 97 yrs.

This record is as given by Mr. Mason with a few additions by Mr. Miller.

GENEALOGY — HYNDMAN. 395

ii. Janet, 2 b. Feb. 20, 1774; the 1st ch. of Scotch parents b. in Ryegate ; m.

April 28, 1789, Cloud Somers of Barnet. 13 ch. She d. Sept. 30,

1847.
iii. Margaret, 2. b. Dec. 24, 1775 ; m. Thomas Gilfillan of Barnet, as 2d w. ; d.

June 23, 1834. 5 ch.
iv. John, 2. b. April 4, 1778 ; m. Roxa, dau. Daniel Hall ; lived in Barnet, d.

1872. 4ch.
V. Alexander, 2 b. April 5, 1780; clothier at Barnet village; ni. 1st, Sarah

Gamniell. 3 ch. 2d, Mrs. Woodbury. 1 ch.
vi. Anna,2 b. Monroe, N. H.. April 2, 1785; m. Nathaniel Bickford; lived in

Lyman; rem. to Sutton, P. Q., and d. 1863.

INGALLS.

Two families of this naine Uved in Ryegate, both descended from Edmund

Ingalls, an early settler of Massachusetts.
Samuel,6 (John, 5 Eldad,* Samuel. 3 Henry, 2 Edmund, i) b. Canterbury, N. H.,
Sept. 27, 1763; m. Anna Shepard of C, (b. Feb. 8, 1767; d. Dec. 20,
1857.) They rem. to Danville, Vt., 1792, thence to Ryegate in 1799.
v^here he d. Dec. 14, 1814. Daniel Doyen was buried on the same day
as Samuel Ingalls. and the widows o'f both on the same day 40 yrs.
later.
Children (from "Ingalls Family.")
i. James, 7 b. June 24, 1791; m. Mary Cass,
ii. Samuel,7 b. Sept. 4, 1793 ; d. Dec. 14, 1814.
iii Elizabeth,^ b. Dec. 5, 1796; m. Ezra.e Gates,
iv. Hannah, 7 b. April 10, 1798; d. un-m.
V. Marv,7 b. Ryegate, June 28, 1800 ; m. Patrick Clough.
vi. Hannah,7 b. Sept. 3, 1802 ; d. Dec 30, 1854.
vii. Morrill, 7 b. Aug. 13, 1804, lived at So. R., near cemetery.
viii. Susan, 7 b. July 6, 1807 ; m. Clough.
ix. Abigail,^ b. April 26, 1808; m. Miles.

X. Jemima, 7 b. July 17, 1811 ; m. Downes.

Two who d. y.
Joel, b. Canterburv, N. H., Jan. 21, 1816; lived in Ryegate, Vt., Warren and
Wentworth, N. H., rem. to Newburvport, Mass ; cabinet maker. He
m. at R. by John Bigelow, Esq., July 9, 1860, Nancy W., dau. John
Slye (b. Feb. 13. 1830). He d. Newburyport. Nov. 26, 1891. She res,
at N.. and with most of her family are members of the No. Cong. ch.

Children :
i. Annie E., b. Warren, N. H., March 19. 1866 ; res. Newburyport.
ii. Edwin M., b. Wentworth, N. H., Aug. 30. 1867; die-cutter for ab. 13 yrs.

for the Towle Mfg. Co. of N.; now in bicycle and automobile bus.

He m. Dec. 11, 1889, by Rev. C. P. Mills, Ida B. Littlefield. Ch. (1)

Norris E., b. Oct. 21, 1881. (2) Nelson P., b. June 24, 1895. (3)

Gordon L., b. Aug 28, 1900.

JACKSON.

Rev. Samuel A., b. Dunaghy Fort, Co. Antrim, Ireland, July 2, 1863, is a
descendant of Anthony Jackson, who, in 1649, with his bro. Richard,
removed from Eccleston, Lancashire, Eng., to Co. Antrim, Ireland,
where a few years afterward, having become disciples of George Fox,
they established the first Friend's Meeting in Ireland.

A century and a half later, in 1802, James Jackson, son of John, was b. in
Co. Antrim. He was a man of great height and strength, a student
well versed in history and theology. He m. Janet Knox of pure Scot-
tish blood, a woman of remarkable mental and physical strength,

396 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

who d. in Philadelphia at the age of 91. Her bro. Rev. James Knox,
was for tnany years pastor of the Pres. ch. at Portglenon, Ireland.
James Jackson came to Am. in 1863, settling in Philadelphia, where he
d. at the age of 78. He was an elder in the 4th Ref. Pres. ch.
His son, John, b. near Ballymoney Ireland in 1832, m. 1852, Elizabeth, dau.
of John Biggart (b. near B. in 1832). Her father was a mechanical
genius. The Biggart and Jackson families were for many years con-
nected with the Roseyard Pres. ch., Ireland. John Biggart and his
wife both lived to be over 90 and both d. m Ireland. John and Eliza-
beth Jackson came to Am. in 1867. They had 7 chil. of whom Robert
and Samuel A., were twins. The latter, at the age of six, went to live
with his gr. parents, James Jackson and wife, where he remained 15
yrs., and by their training was led into the ministry. He was ed. in
the public schools of Philadelphia, and in Lamberton's Academy; en-
tered the Ref. Pres. Theo. Sem. at Philadelphia 1888; rec. degree of M,
A. from Phil. High Sch , 1894; ord. pastor of Ref. Pres. ch. (N. S.) at
So. Ryegate, March 24, 1892. On Oct. 5, 1898 the centennial of the
Congregation was observed by exercises in which the following clergy-
men delivered addresses: Rev. D. C. Paris (R. P. Synod), Rev. W.I.
Todd (M. E. ), Rev. F. A. Colhns (U. P.), Rev. Thomas TeUier (Bap-
tist), Rev. J. K. WiUiams (Cong.), Rev. Mr. Lindsay (Pres.), Rev. J. R.
Crawford (R. P. Gen. Svnod). Res. 1901, pastor Mt. Hope, Pa., Un.
Pres. ch., 19Ul-'04; Oakdale, 111 , U P. ch., 19U4-'09. Inst. May 26,
1 909, over the Westminster United Pres ch., Lowell, Mass. Published,
1908, "Among the Maples." He m. N. Y. City, May 3, 1892, Eliza-
beth Stewart Conally (b. Parish of Kilraugbt, Co. Antrim, Ireland,
1863. Came to Am. 1884. Member 3d Ref. Pres. ch. (O. S.) N. Y.
City.) Ch. (adopted) a niece, Violet Louise Jackson, b. Phil., April 7,
1896.

JOHNSON.

Elihu,! came from Conn., was living in Newbury as early as 1768. Sergeant
in Capt. Thos. Johnson's 1st Co. of Minutemen, 1775; also, in 2d
Co., serving 16 dys; one mo. in Capt. John G. Bayley's Co., guarding
and scouting, 1778; private in Capt. Simeon Stevens' Co., "in Sun-
day alarms," serving 19 days; private in Capt. Frye Bayley's Co.,
guarding and scouting 1779-'81; signer of the N. Y. petition 1773.
Came to R. ab. 1783, and bought the Dea. John Hyndman farm, and
took the west half of it, afterwards called the Bigelow place, his son
Samuel taking the east half, where the Webster family has long lived.

He m. in Conn., Sarah who d. Sept. 25, 1804; he lived with

his son Hugh, and d. Feb. 25, 1811 ; both bur. in the Whitelaw ceme-
tery.
Children, probably not in regular order.

1 i. William. 2

ii. EHnor.2 She m. March 27, 1769, Abial Chamberlin ; he was a Lieut, in
the Rev. war ; lived on the Upper Meadow in Newbury, and built the
house in which his gt. gd. son, Charles Scales lives, where he d. May
14, 1787, and she ni. 2d Ezra Gates, and d. Sept. 24, 1822, Most of
the Bath ChamberHns are her descendants.

2 iii. Samuel.?

iv. Hugh.2b. 1779.
V. Rhoda,2 m. Eben Heath, who lived on the Asa Clough farm m R.

vi. Sally, 2 m. 1st, Gale. 2d, March 15, 1791, Nicholas Chamberlin.

1 William, 2 (Elihu,i) b. in Conn. Came to Newbury and lived on the Upper
Meadow, where his three eldest ch. were born; came to R. during the
Rev. war, and lived in the Whitelaw orchard, Mr. Mason says. At
the time of the " Royalton alarm" he with his family fled to Haver-
hill for safety; his war service was the same as his father's, also he

GENEALOGY— JOHNSON. 397

was a private in Capt. Frye Bayley'sCo., which marched to Saratoga.
In 1783 he bought the west end of the Governor's lot, and built in
1800 the house on what is called the Capt. Nicholas White farm ; the
frame is of oak. Ab. 1809 he rem. to Hamburgh, N. Y.. and later to
Penn. His wife's name is not given.
Children :

i. Nancy, 3 b. Newbury ; m. Dec. 26,1805, by Rev. D. Goodwillie, Nathan

Hall of Waterford.
ii. Eunice,3 b. Newbury. July 1,1776; m. March 7, 1799, Capt. Nicholas

White of Ryegate.
iii. Jonathan, 3 m. Feb. 17, 1803, Lucy Temple, sister of Ebenezer Temple of
Newbury. He lived in a long, narrow house which stood where that
of John Bigelow was afterwards built; rem. to the w. part of Vt.,
near Burlington. 8 chil.
iv. David, 3 never m.

V. Curtis, 3 m. Anna, dau Ezra Gates, who m. 2d, Job Welton.
vi. Abigail, 3 m. a Mr. Ryan ; rem to Detroit, Mich,
vii. Polly, 3 m. Mr. Fisk; settled in N. Y.

viii. Phebe,3 m. Gardner Salisbury ; rem. to the n. part of the state,
ix. John Calvin, 3 d. un-m.
X. Martin Luther. ^
xi. Rhoda.3

Samuel,2 (Elihu,^ ) lived some years near where W. Webster lives ; in 1823 on
the Gardner farm ; served in the Rev. war in frontier service in Capt.
Simeon Stevens' Co In 1840 he was a pensioner in Newbury. He was
a man of some education, and for many years an itineiant minister of
the Methodist persuasion, although not ordained. He d. at the home
of his bro. Hugh in 1845 and is believed to be buried at Wells River.
The name of his wife does not appear.
Children :
i. Benjamin,3 went to St. Lawrence Co , N. Y., 1815 ; d. 1861.
ii. John, 3 b. 1802; d. at Hamburgh, N. Y., 1872,
iii. Azubah,3 b, April, 1804; m. Joseph Whitcher ; d. Oct. 15, 1874.
iv. James, 3 went to New York.
V. Hannah, 3 m. Joseph Flanders; d. ab. 1861.
vi. Hugh. 3 No record.
vii. William. 3 No record.
viii. Samuel. 3 No record,
ix. Polly, 3 m. Sewall Pollard; d. 1870.
X. Lorenzo. 3

xi. Anna, 3 m. John Magoon of Topsham.
xii. Lucy, 3 b. Oct, 16, 181 1 ; m. 1833, Charles K. Chamberlin of Bath.

HuGH,2 (EHhu,^-] b. 1770 in Newbury; m. 1st, ab. 1791, Prudence, dau. Syl-
vanus Heath of Newbury, who is said to have been his cousin (b. New-
bury, Nov. 17, 1771.) 2d, Abigail, dau. Josiah Page and wid. of Ben-
jamin Wright. He d. Oct. 11, 1852; she d. 1860; they Hved in Rye-
gate.
Children by 1st marriage,
i. Herman, 3 b. Oct, 26, 1792 ; d. un-m, in Haverhill, 1850 ; bur. Ryegate.
ii. Rebecca, 3 b. March 15, 1795; m. 1st, Mr. Dole. 2d, James Brock,
iii. Nathan, 3 b. Feb. 11, 1797 ; accidentallv killed by the bursting of a gun.
iv. Huldah,3 b. July 10, 1802 ; m. A. M. Plke of Waterford.

By 2d marriage.
V. Clarissa, 3 b. 1804; m. 1st, Archibald Taylor. 2d, Joseph Martin of

Wells River,
vi. Dorcas, 3 b. Feb. 23, 1806 ; d. Jan. 23, 1874 ; m. Joel Carbee, q. t.
vii. Benjamin Wright,3 b. Feb. 13,'l808; m. Mary, dau. Thos. Hendry,
viii. Lydia P., 3 b. Feb. 4, 1810; d. un-m.

398 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT

ix. Coland Pajje,'^ b. Feb. 10, 1812; m. 1st, Nancj- Davis. 2d, July 5, 1833,

Abigail Sanborn of Newbury.
X. John H.,3 b. Ian. 2+, 1814; m. Fanny E. Rodgers.
xi. Sally.s b. 1817 : m. Stephen Nelson, jr.

JOHNSON.

Peter,! son of John, and half-brother of Col. Thomas Johnson of Newbury;
b. at Hampstead, N. H., June 7, 1756; came to Newbury before the
Rev. war and was one of three young men who started from Newbury
on foot the day the news of the battle of Lexington reached that
place and were present at the battle of Bunker Hill, in which he was
wounded. He also saw other service. He m. Isabel Simpson. They
lived in Newbury. Peacham and Haverhill. Hed. in H. Aug. 29, 1^06;
bur. at Horse Meadow cemetery, Haverhill.
Children :

i. Caleb.2 d. 1806.

ii. Thomas S..2 who went to Ohio about 1800.
1 iii. John S.,2 b, April 5. 1783.

1 John S.,2 (Peter.i) b. Haverhill, N. H., April 5, 1783; m. in Topsham, Feb.

21, 1810. Lydia. dau. Benjamin Kicker (b. Newbury, Sept. 10, 1792;
d. Barnet, Feb. 10, 1785 ) They lived some 25 years in Concord, Vt.
came to Ryegate 1838, living on the Pollard farm till 18-t7; rem. to
the Asa Clough farm ; he served in the war of 1812. They were mem-
bers of the Congregational ch. at Concord, in which he was a deacon,
and they were original members of the Cong. ch. at Wells River. He
d. 1851.
Children :
i. Benjamin, 3 b. March 12, 1811 ; d. Concord, Vt., July 25, 1834.
ii. Isabel 3, b. Haverhill, N. H., Nov. 15, 1812; m. Nathaniel Lee of Water-
ford, Vt. 7 ch.
iii. Harriet N.,3 b. Concord, Vt., Feb. 6, 1815; m. in R. 1843, Abraham R.

Ross of Waterford. One ch.
iv. Mary H.,3 b. Concord. May 15, 1818; m. Asa Morrill who d. at Kirby,

Vt.. Ian. 31, 1861. She d. at Farragut. Iowa. Oct. 12, 1885. 2 eh.
v. Caleb H.,3 b. Feb. 7, 1820; m. St. Johnsbury, Vt.. Dec. 1849, Maria M.
Young (b. Waterford, Vt., 1822; d. Bangor, Me., 1892.) He d. Rom-
ney, W. Va., Nov. 18, 1851. Ch. Virginia,* m. Rev. E. P. Lee. One
ch. Maria.

2 vi. Moses D.,3 b. Feb. 28, 1822.

vii. Sally M.,3 b. Nov. 7, 1824; d. Brattleboro. Aug. 26. 1869.
2 Moses Dow.3 (John S.,2 Peter.i) b. Concord, Vt., Feb. 28, 1822; m. Barnet
Feb. 2, 1858, Jane. dau. Walter Harvey (b. Barnet, April 4, 1830; d.
Calais, Me., Sept. 26, 1898). He d. Barnet, Oct. 27, 1892. Member
of Cong, ch., about 55 yrs.
Children :
i. Walter H.,* b. Ryegate, April 16, 1860; m. Barnet, April 10, 1890,

Phoebe Ella Abbott. Ch. Edward A. H., b. May 9, 1892
ii. John S..* b. Ryegate, Jan. 4, 1861 , d. Barnet, Sept. 23 1882, drowned in

Conn, river,
iii. Mary,* b. Barnet, May 31, 1869 ; d. there Aug. 24, 1890.

JOHNSTON.

*JoHN,* b. Balmaghie, Calloway, Scotland, 1760; m. Mary Erwin, ab. 1784.
They came to New York, 1775. intending to settle in Virginia, sup-
posing it would be an easy matter to go there, but found it would be

• By Mr. Mason, with additions by Mr. Miller and Mrs. Stanley.

JAiMKS JOHNSTON, ESO.

MAJOR THOMAS NKLSON.

GENEALOGY— JOHNSTON. 399

a lon^ journey and very costly at the time. He worked one year in a
blacksmith shop on Chambers St., for 7 York shillings, or 87^^ cts.
per day. supporting a family of five persons. They were attracted
to Ryegate because it was a Scotch settlement, and arrived here July
1, 1796. He bought of the Scotch Co., a tract of land which many
of the Vt. settlers refused to take because of its rough appearance.
After he came here he hired out to the farmers in winter, his princi-
pal work being threshing for $4 per mo. He was a man of untiring
energy, and laid the foundation of a considerable estate, largely in-
creased by his son and grandson. He brought a certificate of char-
acter from their minister, Rev. James Reed of Cushiehill, in Gallo-
way, of the Ref. Pres. ch., and one from the Society for Prayer Meet-
ings signed by James Fraser and John McLure. He d. 1805; she d.
April 9, 1833
Children all born in Scotland.
i. Robert, 2 d. v.
1 ii. William, 2 b.' 1787.

iii. Mary, 2 b. 1790; m. Walter Buchanan, q. v.
1 William, 2 ( John.i) b. Scotland, 1787, came to America and was 18 w-hen his
father died. He had 10 acres of wheat which he sold to Andrew^
Brock for $1.25 per bush., which with a few cattle, paid for the farm.
This wheat was ground into flour at Boltonville and sent to Boston.
He m. by Rev. Jos. M. Milligan, March 3, 1830. Jean, dau. James
Whitehill (b. 1795; d. 1873.) He d. 1870. They were members of
the Ref. Pres. ch.
Children :
i. John,3. b. Nov, 26, 1830; m. March 16, 1858, Elizabeth, dau. Archibald
Ritchie (b. Sept. 1,^ 1832). Ch. Elizabeth J.,* b. Topsham, March
18, 1858. John Johnston d. 1861.

ii. James, 3 b. Dec. 18, 1832; farmer on homestead; never m. Prominent in
town and county business and intrusted with the settlement of es-
tates; director in Wells River Savings Bank; town rep. 1876, 1888.
He was considered a safe counsellor in financial affairs and became the
wealthiest man in town. He d. 1900.

iii. William, 3 b. Dec. 13, 1834; d. 1861.

Elizabeth J.,* (John, » William, 2 John, i) b. Topsham, March 18,1858; m.
1879, Charles A. Stanley of St. Johnsbury.
Children ;
i. Johnston,5 b. 1881 ; bond broker, firm of Wolf & Stanlev, 27 Waltham
St., N. Y. City.

ii. Edgar Clark, 5 b. 1883; automobile mechanic with Auto Car Co., N. Y.
City.

iii. Marion Elizabeth, ^ b. 1885 ; asst. librarian, St. Johnsbury Athenaeum.

iv. Jean Laura^ 1887 ; student at Boston Conservatory of Music.

V. Charles Lyman, 5 farmer at No. Danville.

KEEN AN.

Daniel,! b. Greencastle parish, Belfast, Co. Antrim, Ireland, June 21, 1789;

m. Sept. 14, 1812, Margaret McCowen (b. April, 1789 at Billerabent

Parish, Templepatrick, Co. Antrim, Ireland.) They came to America

in 1822, and settled in Topsham, where he was an elder in the Ref.

Pres. ch. In Ireland he had been an elder in Dr. Paul's congregation,

in all 55 yrs. He d. Topsham., July 11, 1876; she d. Aug. 31, 1859.

Rev. N. R. Johnston in "Looking Back from Sunset Land," pays a

fine tribute to Elder Daniel Keenan.

Children :

i. Jane,2 b. Ireland, Dec. 17, 1813 ; d. April 1, 1877 ; m. John Caldwell, q. v.

ii. William, 2 b. Ireland, July 26, 1815; farmer in R. Member of, and some

years precentor in Ref. Pres. ch. He m. 1st, Dec. 17, 1845, Martha,

4-00 HISTORY QF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

dau. John Abbott of Barnet, who d. March 2, 1848. 2d, May 1,

1851, Harriet R. Morse. One ch., Mary, by 1st m., who d. May 24,

1894, aged 36. He d. Groton, April, 1894.
iii. Nancy, 2 b. Ireland, Nov. 1, 1817; d. Jan. 4, 1878 ; m. Robert M. Craig,

q. V.
iv. Edward J. ,2 b. Ireland, May 1820; farmer and harness maker in Groton.

He m. Harriet N. IBond. 3 ch, of whom one is living, Susie, who m.

Carlyle Renfrew, q. v.
V. Margaret, 2 b. Topsham, June 20, 1822; tailoress. She m. by Rev. N. R.

Johnson, Dec. 30, 1852, Ebenezer Currier; d. Feb. 5, 1866.
vi. Judith, 2 b. Oct. 13, 1824; d. May 29, 1883.

vii. Susannah M ,2 b. July 26, 1827 ; m. Peter M. Darling; d. April 6, 1864.
viii. Josiah A. ,2 b. July 31, 1829; ni. Jan. 11, 1853, Lucinda, dau. Moses

Gates (b. Oct. 7, 1830; d. March 18, 1902.) EnHsted Sept. 1862 in

Co.D, 15th Vt., in the Civil war, serving 9 mos. Member of Ref. Pres.

ch. Topsham; he d. Jan, 10, 1907.
Children :
i. Francis J.,3-b. Oct. 25, 1853; d. Feb. 28, 1906; lived in Topsham; m.

Jan. 3, 1883, Vina R., dau. Isaac P. Dunn (b. R. Sept. 1, 1858). Ch.

(1) Frank Lyle,* b. July 29, 1886. (2) Marinda Pearl,* b. Feb. 19,

1888. (3) Morris Ray,* b. Feb. 14, 1890; m. Oct. 4, 1911, Eva

Heath,
ii. Ida J. ,3 b. Feb. 14, 1855; m. Benj. M. Fuller, q. v. She d. Dec. 5, 1911.
iii. Morris R.,3 b. Oct. 19, 1857; d. Dec. 8, 1892; m. Sept. 18. 1890, Sarah

Baylor. Ch. John B.,* who d. aged 4 yrs., 6 mos
iv. Margaret G.,:M3. July 20,1860; m. Dec. 14, 1886, Fred Larrow ; res.

Wells River. Ch. Ida Belle,* b. Groton, Oct. 1, 1891.
V. Charles E.. 3. b. Sept. 6, 1866; m. Sept 25,1887, Olive Burr. Ch. (1)

Mantie Pearl,* b. Dec. 8, 1891. (2) Mabel Ruth * (3) Roxy Mary.*
vi. Fred Leon, 3 b. Feb. 23, 1874 ; d. Aug. 21, 1876.

KELLOGG.

John D.,i b. Bolton, Vt., Feb. 1, 1843; served in the civil war in Co. I, 13th
Vt. Vols.; res. Waterbury ; he m. March 21, 1867, Sarah L. Collins.
Children :
i. Effie M.,2 b. Feb. 11, 1868.
1 ii. Henry Ransom, 2 b. April 30, 1869.

iii. Emma D.,2 b. Nov. 16, 1871.
1 Henry Ransom, 2 b. Waterbury, April 30, 1869; grad. at Green Mountain
Seminary, Minard Commercial School, 1886. He m. at Hardwick,
July 3, 1890 by Rev. Charles Clark, Nellie M., dau. Wra. L. Folsom
(b. Hardwick, May 29, 1874.) Came to Ryegate, 1894; farmer at
E. Ryegate; both members of Cong. ch. at Mclndoes.
Children :
i. Bessie May.n b. Feb. 10, 1899.

KENDALL.

Rev. John Henry, b. Jamestown, Greene Co., Ohio, July 19, 1851. s. of Jo-
seph and Agnes (McMillan) both of whom d. 1859. Fitted for college
at Cedarville and Xenia, Ohio; grad. Indiana Univ., Bloomington,
Ind., June, 1872, and from the Ref. Pres. Theo. Sem., at Philadelphia,
March, 1876; ord. and inst, pastor of the Ref Pres. ch. at So. Rye-
gate, July 13, 1876. Resided three yrs. with the Henderson famly n.
of the village, and for seven yrs. with his sister. Miss M. Julia Kendall,
occupying the parsonage. During his ministry he married 18 couples,
conducted 75 funerals, baptized 16 adults and 32 children ; received as
members, 34 on profession of faith, and 21 on certificate ; released
from this pastorate March, 1886; ins. July 9, 1887, over the R. P.
congregation at Tarentum, Pa. Dr. Kendall has never married.

GENEALOGY — KNIGHT. 401

KNIGHT.

Nathaniel.1 b. Plaistow, N. H., 1761 ; m. at Wentworth, N. H., 1793, Han-
nah Smith, (b. Candia, 1769.) They came to Groton and bought of
Gen. Whitelaw, Sept. 1, 1794, one-half of Lot No. 49. In 1804, they
rem. to Ryegate, to land bought of .Alexander Dunn ; in old age he
lived on the farm now owned by Walter Farrow, owning one-half of
it; mem. of Cong. ch. Peacham till the Anti-Masonic troubles, when
he withdrew and became a member of what is now the United Pres.
ch. in K. He d. May 18, 1843; his wife five days earlier; bur. in Wal-
ter Harvey cemetery. His bro. Samuel, lived in Warren, N. H.
Children :
i. Betsey,2 b. Wentworth, N. H.. May 18, 1794; m. Amos W. Abbott, q. v.
ii. Nathaniel,2 b. Groton, Oct. 14, 1795.

iii. Lucy, 2 b. Groton, May 12, 1797 ; m. Andrew Laughlin, q. v.
iv. Samuel, 2 b. Groton, Jan. 21, 1799.

Five younger who d. in inf. and are bixr. in the cem. in the n. e. corner of
Groton.
Nathaniel,2 (Nathaniel,!) b. Groton, Oct. 14, 1795; m. 1st, Oct, 25, 1823,
Sarah, dau. Hugh LaughHn (b. July 14, 1802; d. June 3, 1845). 2d,
1849, Jane Taylor of Newbury; she d. in Kyegate Jan. 2, 1858, and
he went to Cal. in Feb. 1859, where he d. Aug. 12, 1871.
Children, all born in Ryegate.
i. WiUiam LaughHn, a b. May 10, 1825 ; d. May 23, 1832.
ii. Nathaniel Ambrose.^ b. March 4, 1827; went to Cal., 1851; m. Martha
Jane Farqua; deacon in Baptist ch.; d. Aug. 20, 1898, at Fresno.
Ch. OHve,* Loren,* Ira,* Alida,* Viola.-*
iii. Henry Thornton, 3 b. Oct. 29, 1828; went to Cal. 1851; civil engineer,
built the dam across American river, and the electric light works at
Folsom, Cal.. which supply light and power to the city of Sacramento ;
mem. of Baptist ch. He m. Nellie A. Bender; d. July 24, 1898. Ch.
Carl Laughlin,* Cora Laughlin,*- Bertha Louise.*
iv. Andrew Laughlin, 3 b. March 4, 1830; accident attorney for B and M.
R. R., for many years. He m. in Boston, Jan. 1859. Mary Abbie Sev-
erence; he d. Nov., 1893. Ch. Walter Henry,* Mabel,* m. Dr. Spear,
v. Samuel Pringle,3b. Aug. 21, 1831 ; went to Cal., 1852; carpenter; served
3 yrs. as bugler in a reg. of Cal. Cavalry during the Civil war; mem-
ber of Pres. ch. ; m. Sarah Freeman. He d. Sept. 31. 1906.
vi. John Laughlin, 3 b. Feb. 14, 1833 ; went to Cal. 1852 ; farmer and team-
ster. He m. Ida Schoff. 1 dau. Sarah.* He d. April 9, 1878.
vii. William Laughlin, 3 b. Jan. 25, 1835 ; went to Cal. Captain in a Cal.
reg in the Civil war; commissary a year or more of the same reg.;
conductor nearly 40 yrs. on the So. Pacific; five yrs. traveling Pass.
Agent. He m Marv Grant. Ch. Lillian,* and Ralph.* Baptist. He
d. Sept. 24. 1906.
viii. Lucy Amanda,3 b. July 13,1836; went to Cal. 1859; m. Sherburne
Thorn. She d. Nov. 19,1890; he d. Mar. 10. 1898. Ch. Lois,* Al-
bert,* Sarah* Edna.* All d. but Lois. Methodists.
ix. Sarah Calista,3 b. June 18, 1838; m. Elan Dunlap; teacher and farmer.
Ch. Anna,* Elan,* Paul,* Mabel.* and Knight,* the latter a professor
in Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, Md. Mem. Baptist ch., Berkeley,
Cal.
X. Hannah Eliza, 3 b. March 16, 1840; m. Gilmore Morrison, q. v.
xi. Harriet Jane, 3 b. Aug. 20, 1842; m. Justus Schomp of Sacramento, Cal.;
farmer; members of Baptist ch. Ch. Maude.* Elmer,* Ralph,*- Ethel.^
xii. Caroline Arvilla,3 b. Oct. 23, 1844; m. Frank Goodspeed of Newaygo,
Mich; farmer; Baptists. Ch. Meredith,* Sarah,* Hattie.*
By 2d marriage,
xiii. George Tavlor,3 b. Jan. 7, 1849 ; in Cal.; m. Emma Linwood ; carpenter ;
Methodists. Ch. Edith,* Emma,* Lida,* Mabel,* Alice.*

402 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

2 Samuel, 2 (Nathaniel, i) b. Groton, Jan. 21, 17Jt9; m. Anna, dau. William, ^
Abbott (b. July HO, 1792: d. Nov. 3, 1868) He d. Nov. 9. 1874; bur.
in Walter Harvey cem.
Children :
i. Samuel Worcester,3 b. June 9, 1834; d. Oct. 18, 1889; m. at Lowell,

Mass . May 31, 1857, Emily Culver, who d. ]an. 1, 1877.
ii. Lydia Hoyt,3 b. Oct. 7, 1825; m. Thomas Smith, q. v.
iii. Thomas Scott,? b. Aug. 25, 1827; m in Cal. Lucy Taylor,
iv. Moses Harriman,3 b. June 30, 1{>30 ; d. Jan. 28, 18S0 ; m. Elizabeth Ben-
son of 111.
v. William Abbott, •* b. March 15, 1832; d. Feb. 7, 1904; m. Harriet Moore

of Lowell, Mass.
vi. Julia Ann,3 b. Jan. 2, 1834; d. July 28. 1904: m. Nov. 1854, Isaac

Brown of Mass.
vii. MaryAbbott,3 b. Feb. 2, 1839; d. Dec. 27,1899; m. Philander Orr,
q. v.

LANG.

Robert,! came from Johnston, Scotland ; lived in Boston and in Ryegate.
He m. Sept. 14, 1854, by Rev. J. M. Beattie, Christianna, dau. John
Gates (b. Aug. 27, 1832). He d. April 27, 1863. She m. 2d. David
Lang, q. v. She visited Scotland where she sustained severe injuries
in a railway accident. Members of Ref. Pres. ch.
Children :

i. James Beattie, ^ b. Boston, Nov. 11, 1855; machinist; member Ref. Pres.
ch. and the Y. M. C. A., Boston. He d. Ryegate, May 1, 1880.

ii. Mary, 2 b. Ryegate, Nov. 24, 1857; ed. Peacham Acad.; teacher; she m.
1st, at Boston by Rev. Dr. Miner. John Conrad Swizer from Geneya,
Sw^itzerland ; bookkeeper at Philadelphia ; rem. to California where
he d. 1887. One ch. Paul Eraile,3 b. Philadelphia, April 7. 1880; d.
April, 1882. She m. 2d, June, 1892. Herve Friend of Gloucester,
Mass , photographer. He d. Holyrood, Cal., Aug. 2, 1907. She res.
with her chil. at Holyrood.
Children :

i. Ellery Chaistine,3 b. April 7, 1895.

ii. - Richard Herve,3 b. July 17, 1897.

JoHN,i s. of David and Margaret (Corruth) b. Kilmalcolm, Scotland, Aug.
26, 1799. Left Scotland, April 27, 1820 and came to Barnet via Que-
bec and Montreal; worked in B. and Ryegate. He m. by Rev. Jas.
Milligan, March 23, 1826. Eleanor, dau. Alexander Holmes (b. Kilmal-
colm. Nov. 14, 1796; d. Topsham, Oct. 1. 1884.) They settled in
Topsham. where he was a farmer. Members of the Ref. Pres. ch. He
Dec, 30. 1871.
Children all born in Topsham :

i. Margaret.2 b. Aug. 25, 1827; never m.; d. Feb. 16, 1875.

1 ii. David.a b. Sept. 10, 1829.

iii. Alexander,2 b. Aug. 31, 1831; m. June 6, 1882, Abbie Caswell of Han-
over, N. H. ; d. Dec. 9, 1904.
iv. Nancy,2 b. Dec. 24, 1833 ; d. May 30, 1845.

2 V. John.2 b. Feb. 14, 1836.

vi. Eleanor,2 twin to John; teacher; res. St. Johnsbury.

3 vii. James, 2 b. Oct. 23. 1839.

1 David, 2 (yohn,i) b. Sept. 10, 1829; farmer in T. except one and a half years
in'Boston. He m. 1st by Rev. P. N. Granger. Dec. 9, 1858, Luella A.
Randall, who d. April 8. "i860, leaving 1 ch. Mary Ella,3 (b. March 27,
1860; d. Dec. 18, 1861). He m. 2d by Rev. J. M. Beattie, Dec. 6,
1870, Christianna, widow of Robert Lang, q. v. Rem. to Ryegate.
Members of Ref Pres. ch. Barnet, in which he was a ruling elder, and

GENEALOGY — LANG. 403

S. S Supt. Later lived nearer the Corner and held the same offices in
the Ref. Pres. ch. there ; held town offices in Topsham and in Rj^egate.
Rem. 1887 to Cal. Members of Knox Pres. ch., Los Angeles. Died
Aug. 22, 1910.
Children :
i. Ellen Flora.S- b. Ryegate, Sept. 27, 1 873 ; grad. Cal. State Normal Sch. at
Los Angeles ; teacher in city schools,
ii. Cornelius Alexander, 3. b. Dec. 1, 1875; in electric business at Los Angeles;
m. May 26, 1896, Virginia Fleming.

2 JoHN,2- (David. 1) b. F^eb. 14, 1836; farmer in Topsham; Elder in Ref. Pres.

ch. there. He m. Sept. 22, 1875, Orillor A., dau. Hiram Mills (b.

1853.) Rem. to Newbury. 1904, and later to St. Johnsbury, where

he d March 5, 1908; bur. Topsham.
Children ;
i. Arthur Mills. 3 b. July 23, 1876 ; m. June 17, 1903 Eva E. Howard,
ii. Milo J. ,3 b. Nov. 8, 1878.

3 James, 2 (David, i) b. Oct. 23,1839; teacher some years in the west; ret.

to Topsham; farmer there. He m. Jan. 25, 1864, Eliza, dau. James
Caldwell (b. March 20, 1845; d. Dec 2, 1900.)
Children :
i. James Clarence,2 b. Oct. 22, 1867; m. May 15. 1900, Myrtie Williams.

ii. Gustavus Tebbetts,3 b Sept. 21. 1869; d. Nov. 14. 1885.

iii. Nellie E.,3 b. June 3. 1871 ; m. April 7, 1891, Willis B. Plummer of Rye-
gate. Ch. Cecil L,. and Russell J.

iv. Lizzie M.,3 b. Dec. 17, 1874; m. April 7, 1891, Stephen N. Welch of Gro-
ton. Ch. Earl E , Minnie I., Nellie (dea.), Josephine A., Clarence and
Linw^ood.

V. Minnie A., b. July 19. 1876.

vi. Martin C.,3 b. May 6, 1884 ; d. Aug. 29, 1888.

LATTO.

Ja.mes,! came from near Markinch, Fife, Scotland, where he m. 1833, Janet,
dau. Alexander Barker. They left Scotland in March, 1834, with her
father's family and those of William Chalmers and Alexander Laing.
who settled in Newbury. They sailed around the north of Scotland
being delayed by storms in the Moray Firth, their voyage being 12
weeks, during which they saw no sail. They came to Newbury via
Montreal and Burlington. James Latto lived many years in Ryegate,
on a farm in the Hall neighborhood, now owned by the sons of Mar-
tin Hall. She d. July 15, 1864 ; he d. March 5, 1877 ; members of the
Ref. Pres. ch., South Ryegate; bur. in Groton cem.
Children :
i. David, 2 b. 1834, went to Wisconsin.

ii. Grace,2 b. 1836; d. Aug. 4, 1872; m. Feb. 21, 1854. Charles E. Lanphere
of Groton. They lived later at So. R., and had several chil., among
whom was James B., who m. a dau. of Orlando Carter and d. April
16. 1889.

iii. Isabel J.,2 b. Jan. 12, 1839; m. Jan. 1, 1857, Daniel Taisey of Groton ;
rem. to Newbury, 1870 where she d. Sept. 29, 1872. Chil. David,3
(dec), Frank, 3 Alex. 3 Seth.3

iv. Janet Alice, 2 b. 1843; m. Nov. 17, 1867, James Morrison, q. v.
V. Alexander,^ b 1845; d. April 7, 1865.

vi. John C.,2 a photographer in Boston where he died.

LAUGHLIN.*

HuGH,^ b. Ballygraffin, Co. Down, Ireland, 1761. He was of a landed family,
with property entailed, his elder brother, John, succeeding to the es-
tate, dying without heirs. Hugh m. Feb. 14, 1792, Elizabeth Clark

By Mr. Mason and Mrs. Pringle.

404 HISTORY OF RYEGATE. VERMONT.

of Grey Abbey near Strangford-Laugh. In 1798, he joined the pa-
triot cause, called the "Irish Rebellion," and was made a Lieut. Col.
in their army. After the defeat of the cause, being an officer, he was
pursued by the English soldiers, a reward of £60 being offered for his
head, on or off. His house and barns were burned, his cattle killed,
his wife and children made homeless ; nothing was saved. While he
was in hiding he had several thrilling escapes. Once, being hidden
beneath a feather bed, while the soldiers ran their bayonets through
it, the blade passing between his arm and body. At another time he
was covered with the ample skirts of his cousin, while she sat by her
flax wheel and spun, during the search of the house by the soldiers.
About May 1st, 1799, he succeeded in getting his family embarked for
America at Belfast and boarding the ship under the assumed name of
Hess, reached New York about the first of July, coming at once to
Ryegate where several of the Irish patriots had already settled arriv-
ing here the 3d of August, and bought land in the west part of the
town, and erected buildings. He was prominent in town affairs,
being a justice of the Peace, selectman 7 yrs.; town representative,
1811, '12, '16, '17. Member of and a deacon in the Congregational
ch. at Bath ; his funeral sermon being preached by Rev. David Suth-
erland. He d. Jan. 29, 1824; bur. in "Hall" or W. Ryegate cemetery.
His homestead is now owned by Wm. N. Davidson ; the original house
was torn down in the spring of 1872. Mr. Mason says that Hugh
Laughlin was a very courteous agreeable man, the head of a fine family.
A very curious incident showing the narrow religious spirit of early
days is remembered : When he built his new barn, and before it was
used, a meeting was held in it and his youngest child was baptized.
The babe cried and the mother, who was a Covenanter, came forward
and held it during the ceremony. For this act she was censured by
the church or by the minister. She d. June 22, 1852.

Children : Three b. in Ireland, the rest m Ryegate.
i. William, 2 b. Nov. 29, 1792 ; went to Milton, N. Y., Nov. 12, 1840 ; teach-
er there and in Camilla several years ; studied medicine and grad. at
Fairfield Medical Coll., and was in practice at Canton. Onondaga Co.,
being a physician widely and favorably known. His father's brother
John dying without heirs he succeeded to the estate and in 1849 went
to Newton Ards, Ireland, to assume control and take possession, re-
turning to America in the same year. He m. Dec. 1828, Amanda Bar-
ber from Conn. Both d. at Canton, many yrs. ago. Two sons, who
d. when young men.
ii. Mary Jane, 2 b. Oct. 23, 1794; d. Groton, March 24, 1873. while visiting
a niece; bur. in Hall cem.; teacher 15 yrs., also wrote poems and
sketches for the press.
1 iii. Andrew,2 b. Feb. 21, 1797.

iv. Ehza,2.b. Oct. 23, 1799; d. April 8, 1826.
V. Eleanor Clark,2 b. June 23, 1801 ; d. June 23, 1857.
vi. Sarah, 2 b. luly 14, 1803; m. Nathaniel Knight, q. v.; d. June 3, 1845.
vii. Anna.2 b. Dec. 5; d. Dec. 18, 1805.
viii. Anna,2 b. July 2. 1807; d. March 8, 1859.
ix. John,2 b March 10, 1809; went to Canton. N. Y., 1835; teacher 3 yrs.
He m. April 15, 1839, Pamelia Bovee, and setled on a farm; rem.
1846 to Marquette Co., Wis. Both dead many yrs.
X. Rachel, 2. b. Sept 26, 1810; d. Oct. 14, 1883, at the home of her niece, Mrs.
Pringle. with whom she had lived many yrs. Bur. in Hall cem.

1 Andrew, 2 (Hugh,i) b. Ireland, Feb. 21, 1797; farmer on homestead; built in
1826 a house near his father's which was burned Oct. 25, 1906.. He
m. Sept. 27,1827, Lucy Smith, dau. Nathaniel Knight (b. Groton,
May 25, 1797; d. Mar. 8, 1859.) Members of United Pres. ch. in
which he was an elder till death, July 12, 1872; he d. Greensboro.
Vt., while on a visit there ; bur. in Hall cem.

GENEALOGY— LAUGHLIN. 405

Children all born in Ryegate.
Andrew Scott,3 b. May 25, 1832.

Julia Ann,3 b. April 29, 1834; m. A. B. Pringle, q. v.
Nathaniel K.,3 b. March 13, 1836.

Andrew Scott,^ (Andrew, 2 Hugh.i) b. May 25, 1832; learned the watch-
maker's trade with P. M. Paul of Groton ; rem. with him four yrs.
In 1857 he went to Lowell, Mass , worked in shop of Joseph Baynes;
ret. to R. 1858; went into the watch, clock and jewelry bus. in the
Chappell block at Barnet Vill., continuing there till death; burned out
in 1871, he erected the present building. In 1862 he enlisted in Co.
F, 15th Vt. Reg. under Capt. Xerxes Stevens; received a sunstroke
just before the battle of Gettysburg in which he was engaged but was
was separated from his command, not being able to return home till
alter the regiment was mustered out. He never fully recovered. He
m. Aug. 31, 1857, Sarah Young of Nova Scotia. He unitedwhen a
young man, with the United Pres. ch. at Barnet Ctr., later with the
Cong. ch. at Barnet Vill., from which he withdrew in 1905 and
became a member of the " Church of God." He d. at B. Aug. 9, 1908.
Children all b. in Barnet.
i. William Andrew.4^ b. Dec. 22, 1858; d. March 21, 1859.

ii. Claudie Edward,* b. Jan, 11, 1861 ; watchmaker jeweler and optician at
Whitefield, N. H. He m. 1st, Feb. 6, 1889, Bertha Marion, dau. John
and Emma [Brooks] Page of W. Ch. Edgar Brooks, ^ b. July 25,
1892; d. March 8, 1909. 2d, at W., Sept. 19, 1901, Elizabeth Har-
riet, dau. Alex, and Elizabeth [Scott] Mountain. Members 1st of
M. E. ch , but now of the " Church of God."

iii, Annie Lucy,* b. July 3, 1862 ; d. April 2, 1864.

iv. Rollin Knight,* b. March 8, 1866; druggist at Barnet some yrs.; now
res. at St. Johnsbury, emp. by the Fairbanks Co., as a sealer of scales.
He m. Feb 14. 1891, Mary, dau, Loren F., and Lydia [Smith] Miner.
He is the leader of '"Laughlin's Orchestra." One son, Raymond R.,6
b. Barnet, Jan. 29, 1894; now in Conservatory of Music, Boston.
Members of So. Cong, ch., St. J.

V. Julian F'ringle,* b. June 28, 1868 ; watchmaker and jeweler at Barnet
succeeding his father. He m. June 25, 1901, Nellie Edith, dau.
Charles D., and Isabel [Farrow] Harris of Waterford ; his mother
makes her home with them. Members of the " Church of God."

vi. Nellie Sarah,* b. March 24,1872; ed. Peacham and St. J. Acads., and
grad. Plymouth [N. H.] Normal School; teacher in the Union schools
of St, Johnsbury, Member of the "Church of God."

Natha.niel Knight,3 (Andrew, 2 Hugh,i) b. March 13, 1836; farmer on
homestead. Hem, Sept. 13, 1859, Jane C, dau. John Smith. He d.
June 15, 1865.

Children :
i. Rose Anna,* b. July 18, 1861 ; d. Aug. 24, 1865.

ii. Robina Lucy,* b. Aug. 25, 1862; milliner at Barnet some yrs.; is now a
nurse. Member of the '' Church of God."

LEITCH.

Archibald, 1 son 01 Dougall and Mary (Campbell) b. Roseneath, Scotland,
June 28, 1767; m. in 1799, by Rev. Thomas Henderson of Kilmal-
colm, Mary McCum, (b. Jan. 16. 1779). In 1801 they rem. to Green-
ock, and rented a farm where they lived 30 yrs. In the herring sea-
son he was a fisherman. They came to America in 1839 and bought a
farm in Danville. In 1852 they came to R. to live with their son
Archibald, where he d. Dec. 28, 1864, aged 97. She d. Jan. 16, 1863.
Members of the Ref. Pres. ch.

40G HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children (besides six who d y.) all b. in Scotland.
i. Elizabeth, 2 b. May 15, 180 T; ni Archibald Ritchie, t). v.
ii. Mary, 2 b. 1803 ; in. John Gillies. 7 ch.
iii. Margaret, 2 b. 1805 ; m. James Lang.
1 iv. Archibald,2b.July 5. 1807.

V. Janet,2 b 1811; m. John Adams.
vi. Agnes, 2 b. 1816; m James McLam, q. v.

vii. Jane, 2 b. 1820; m. Jacob Foster. Hon. D.J. Foster of Burlington, Mem-
ber of Congress, is their son.
1 Archibald, 2 (Archibald, i) b. Greenock, Scot.. July 5, 1807; farmer and fish-
erman; came to Am. with parents; farmer in Danville till ab. 1850i
when he came to R. and bought the farm now owned by Colin- Mc-
Donald. This is a very productive farm, high on the eastern slope oi
Blue Mountain. He was a very successful and enterprising farmer,
devoting much attention to fruit raising. He d. July 5, 1883; she d.
April 7, 1872.

Members of the Ref. Pres. ch.
Children all born in Danville except the last,
i. George Washington, 3 b. Jan. 25, 1843.
ii. Wm. Buchanan.3 b. Feb. 1, 1845.
iii. Archibald. 3 b, July 15, 1847; d.
iv. Mary Ann, 3 b. Nov. 23, 1849.
V. Margaret Winning. 3 b. Ryegate March 18, 1857.

The two sisters were educated at St. Johnsbury Academy, and
went south teaching among the colored people in Va., several years,
assisted by their oldest brother. In 1880 they received appointments
from the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions to
the Ceylon mission, where they spent ten years in teaching and mis-
sionary work ; in order to interest others they delivered addresses at
public gatherings in the U. S., which met with such favor that they
traveled through Great Britain and this country, delivering addresses,
and soliciting funds for a girls boarding school and for Jaffna College
at Jaffna, Ceylon. They also collected funds and arranged for the
erection of the McLeod Hospital for women and children at Jaffna,
and for the General Medical Mission there ; they also collected funds
to erect tbe Lady Havelock Hospital at Colombo, Ceylon ; they helped
to secure funds for the Woman's and Children's Hospital under the
care of the American Board at Madura and toward the erection of the
Lady Kincaid Hospital at Lucknow, India; they cooperated with Rev.
F. D. Greene in collecting nearly a quarter of a million dollars for the
relief of the Armenian sufferers in Turkey ; they co-operated with the
Christian Herald in helping to secure two ship-loads of grain for the
famine sufferers of India, and helped to secure the passage of a bill in
Congress for the free transportation of the last ship-load. This grain
was mainly distributed through the missionaries and their helpers.
In cooperation with Dr. and .Mrs. W. T. Crafts they prepared a book
entitled," The Protection of Native Races from Intoxicants and Opium,"
containing the testimonies of over 100 statesmen, missionaries and
travelers. When the treaty between Great Britain and China regard-
ing the importation of opium from India to China was up for revision,
this book was used to influence British statesmen, and helped to bring
about the passage of a treaty looking toward the abolition of the
opium traffic in China. After 28 years of strenuous missionary and
philanthropic work these sisters retired, purchased a small estate at
Ridgewood. N. J., where they reside. The brothers were associated
with the sisters in much of their work.

LIDDLE.

James, 2 son of Andrew and Jean [Dunn] Liddle, b. 1783 at Camrie, Broad
Lands of Craigallen, parish of Strathblane, Stirlingshire, Scotland.
(He was bro. of Mrs. John McLam and youngest of a large family).

GENEALOGY— LIDDLE. 407

Farmer; m. Jane McColl of Drummond, and lived afterward at the
town foot of Curbath, till they came to Am. in 1S32, landing in Que-
bec and came immediately here, settling where their son William lives,
in the n. e. part of the town. She d. 1864 ; he in 1866 ; bur. Ryegate
Corner.

Children, the four eldest born in Scotland,
i. Margaret, 3 b Scotland, 1829; never m.; d. Barnet, March 11. 1887.
ii. Jane,3 b. ab. 1828 ; d. on the voyage to America, and bur. at sea.

iii. Janet, 3 b. 1827 in Glasgow; m. March 10, 1864, Robert W. Guth
rie of Ryegate. Chil. besides two who d. in infancy. (1) William J.,*
b. May 20,1866. (2) Andrew L..* b. April 19, 1868. Druggist and
jeweler at Mclndoes. (3) Isabel (ane.* b. Feb. 14, 1870. (4) Marga-
ret Grace,-! b. July 8, 1877. They lived in Barnet till 1907, when the
entire family with the exception of Andrew L., rem. to Turlock, Cal.,
where they now reside.

iv. Andrew, 3 b. Oct. 18, 1830; farmer with his bro. William on the home-
stead in Ryegate. Never m.; d Aug. 10, 1909.
V. William, 3 b. Ryegate, 1835 ; farmer with bro. Andrew.

vi. James A., 3 b. 1837; farmer in R. owning the Robert [Rock Rob] Gib-
son farm. He m. April 8, 1903 Ellen Theresa, dau. James H. Guthrie
Chil. (1) Theresa Jean,-ib. Aug. 23, 1904. (2) May Agnes Elizabeth,*
b. Oct. 6, 1909. They rem. to Mclndoe Falls 1911.

On Nov. 1, 1859, Andrew and James Liddle started for California,
via the Isthmus of Panama, reaching San Francisco the 27th, an un-
usually quick trip for those days; rem. at S. F. till Jan. 1, 1860, when
they went to Downicville; in mining and mill work there till June 23,
1863; went to Portland, Ore, thence to the Dells of the Columbia,
from there to Umatilla Landing and by stage to Bannock City (now
Idaho City) Idaho, on their way to the Bois mines, reaching there
July 16, 1863; worked there and at Grand or "Lone" Creek, also up
Salmon River prospecting as far as the Yellowstone Park in Wyo-
ming; ret. to Vt. in 1870. On March 23. 1871, William and James
started for the Pacific coast, leaving Andrew at home on the farm,
going by rail on the newly opened Pacific Railroad, then the only
transcontinental line. They worked in San Francisco and in Morin
Co., ab. a year, going thence to Austin, Nev., where they tried silver
mining; left A. on a prospecting expedition that took them as far as
Soda Springs, Idaho, going west from there to Battle Mountain,
where they worked about a year, returning to San Francisco ; rem.
there ranching, at carpenter work and brick laying ; Wm. returned to
Vt., 1882, James remaining to settle affairs, ret. to Vt. 1884. The
Liddle brothers are progressive and successful farmers, noted for their
fine stock and productive farms. Their reminiscences of mining and
frontier life are very interesting.

LOW OR LOWE.

Obadiah,! a revolutionary soldier, came from Maine and settled where Gro-

ton cemetery is. His wife's maiden name was Sally Hobbs. He went

as a soldier in the war of 1812 and never came back ; d. in N. Y. state.

Children :

i, Henry, 2 lived in the n. part of Groton some 20 yrs., went west in 1836,

with a horse team, and family.

li. Ivory, 2 settled in Maine.

iii. Hosea.-

iv. Asa,3 b. Jan. 13. 1796 ; res. in Bradford where he was very prominent.
(See McKeen's History of Bradford, pp. 349-352.)

v. Ira, 2 (twin to Asa.) Farmer where Groton cem. is ; rem. to W. Bradford.
He m. the widow of Andrew Gray of Groton..

408 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

vi. Ephraim,2 kept store in Groton ; began ab. 1830; m. 1st, Emily Hall of
Rumney. N. H., who d. Feb. 4, 1843. 2d, Sarah Darling. Several
ch.; no record. He d. Danville, 1850.
vii. Mary, 2 m. a Dr. Kelley of Bath, Me.
viii. Abigail, 2 m. a Dr. Frastus of Bath. Me.
1 HosEA,2 (Obadiah,!) m. 1st, Mary Abbie James, who d. ab. 1836. 2d, the
widow of Joseph Morrison. He went west and d. at Money Creek,
Minn.
Children :
i. Lucinda,3d. 1848.
ii. Comfort, 3 m. Joel Mann in Boston; they lived in R. some yrs ; went to

Cal., where she d. Aug. 1, 1876.
iii. Emilv,3 b. Jan. 6, 1821; d. 1883; m. Peter 3 Gibson, q. v.
iv. Fanny, 3 b. 1823 ; d. Bay Point, Cal., Nov. 24, 1871.

v. Louis Isaac, 3 b. June 30, 1828; carpenter; built the Covenanter ch. at
the Corner in 1850; Precentor in the Covenanter (Ref. Pres.) ch. some
years ; went to Cal. 1849, and was engaged in lumbering some years ;
loegan the study of medicine ab. 1860, and was in practice at Straw-
berry Hill, Col., where he m. Martha Jacknian froin Solon, Maine,
who d. Oct. 2, 1870. He went to the Sandwich Islands, where he was
in practice and seems to have been a naval surgeon, re-visiting Rye-
gate several times. Ch. (1) Fanny,* b. San Jose, Cal., June 1, 1863.
(2) James Milligan,* b. March 15, 1865.
vi. Lester,3 b. April 11. 1832; farmer on homestead and carpenter; member
of M. E. ch. Groton. He m. by Rev. John Bole, March 12, 1856, Mar-
garet, dau. James P. WhitehiU (b. July 23, 1834; d. Oct. 18, 1911).
He d. Sept. 5, 1902 ; bur. Groton.
Children, all attended Peacham Academy.

1. Mary Alice,* b. Oct. 24. 1857; m. Geo. P. Sanderson, q. v.

2. James Renwick,* b. Nov. 25, 1859; carpenter; res. Woodsville, N. H.: m.

1st. by Rev. E. I. Ranslow, July 3, lcS83, Mary Pope of R., who d.
May 12, 1894; bur. at So. R. "Ch. Geo. Lester,^ b. Nov. 17. 1884;
res. N. Y. City. He m. 2d, July 14, 1897, Mrs. Julia Ladd of Spring-
field, Mass., who d. Aug. 18, 1910; bur. Groton.

3. Margaret Galbraith.* b. Aug. 5, 1862; mem. R. F. Pres. ch. So. R.; m.

Jan. 20, 1897, Leon F. Knox of Kirby, Vt.; d. June 6, 1908; bur.
Groton. Ch. Margaret G ,5 b. Jan. 8, 1898.

4. Abram Ellsworth,* b. Mav 4, 1867; contractor and builder; member of

R. P. ch., So. R. Hem. Jutie 28, 1893, by Rev. Mr. Harris, Mary
Ellen, dau. Edward Miller. He d. April 6, 1899 ; bur. at Ryegate Cor-
ner. Ch. (1) Burton Miller,5b. Groveton, N. H., July 7. 1896. (2)
Norman Abram. 5 Ellsw^orth. b. Nov. 12, 1898.

5. Nellie Estelle.* b. March 13, 1872; mem. R. F. Pres. ch. So. R.; m. June

20, 1896, by Rev. Mr. Wolcott to Thomas Buzzo of Montgomery, Vt.
She d. Aug. 17, 1897; bur. Groton, Vt.

LUMSDEN.

James,! b. Scotland; linen weaver; m. Margaret Gourly. They came from
Star-MarKinch, Fife. James came to Newbury with hi'- son George,
about 1830. and sent for his family two years later; lived near New-
bury Vil., rem. to Jefferson Hill, but spent his last days at So. Ryegate
with his dau., Mrs. Ritchie, where he d. May 24, 1854, aged 73 and is
bur on Jefferson Hill. His wife and son David are buried in the Ox-
bow cem.. Newbury. He was a man of extensive information and all
the family were Presbyterians.
Children all b. in Scotland,
i. Agnes,2 b. Sept 6, 1807; m. Archibald Ritchie, q. v.

1 ii. James J. ,2 b. 1809.

2 iii. George,2 b. April, 1811.

GENEALOGY — LUMSDEN. 409

iv. Margaret. 2 b. Oct. 22, 1815; m. Walter, 3 Buchanan, q v.
v. David, 2 d. y.
James J., 2 (James,i) b. Scotland, 1809; came to Am. ab. 1832; m. 1834, Lil-

lias, dau. Alexander Miller (b. R. March 11, 1804; d. July 8. 1863).

Lived on the Quint place so-called, but rem. 1842 to Greensboro. She

d. in Boston of cancer. Mem. of Ref. Fres., now U. P. ch. in G. He d.

March 17, 1883 ; both bur. in G. She was a member of the Un. Pres.

ch., Greensboro.
Children :
i. David Alexander,^ b. Ryegate, 1835; went to Cal., ab. 1856, with his

bro. James ; in mining road building and stage business. Is m. no

chil.
ii. James John, 3 b. R. 1836; went to Cal , with his bro. He m. 1871, Clar-
issa Alexander. Children all b. in Cal. (1) David Alexander,* b.

March 5. 1872. (2) Calvin Erastus,* b. Aug. 5, 1874. (3) Forest,* b.

July 3, 1876. (4) James John,* b. March 8, 1879. (5) John E.,* b.

Aug. 22, 1881. (6) Martha Elizabeth,* b. Oct 4, 1883. (7) George

Franklin,* b. Oct. 22, 1885. (8) Leander Quuit,* b. June 7, 1888. (9)

Thomas Joseph,* b. July 11, 1890.
iii. Erastus Calvin, 3 b. R. 1838. .Member of 4th Vt., in Civil war; taken

prisoner and d. at Andersonville.
iv. Margaret Jane,3 1). R. 1839; d. 1869 in Greensboro.
V, Martha Ann. 3 b. R. 1840; m. [an. 1, 1864, George W. Pettee.mem. 15th

Vt., in Civil war; he d. 1903. She res. Jericho, Vt.
Children :

1. Oscar William,* [Pettee] b. Jan. 10, 1866; m. Oct. 15, 1890, Viola E.

Stearns.

2. Ethelyn Estelle,* b. Julv 3, 1870; m. Dec. 23, 1891. Elmer E. Alger. Ch,

(a) Myrtle Martha,^ b. Sept. 9, 1894. (b) Bernice Mildred, 5 b. May

15, 1901.

3. Lillie May,* b. Dec. 27, 1873; m. Oct. 16. 1896, Alden G. Perrin. Chil.

(a) Marjorie Louise, b. Sept. 21, 1898. (b) Everett Bernard, b. April

16, 1903.

vi. Nancy. 3 b. Ryegate, 1840; d. Barre, Vt., 1903.

vii. Geo. Washington, 3 b. Greensboro. 1843; m. Jan. 28, 1874. Janette Geb-
bie ; mem. Un. Pres. ch. at G. in which he was leader of the choir over
40 yrs. He d. April 28, 1911.
Children :

1. George Forrest,* b. Sept. 17, 1875 ; m. April 4, 1900, Lilla B. Swett.

2. Willis Gebbie.* b. Oct. 2, 1881 ; m. Sept. 30, 1903, Bertha B. Batten. Ch.

(a) Nina Margaret,^ b. Jan. 17. 1905. (b) Donald Batten, s b. April
11, 1907.
viii. Eliza Ellsworth, 3 b. Greensboro, 1845; d. 1866.
ix. Mariette Tebbetts,3 b, G. 1847; m. Nov. 22, 1877, James D. Wilson (son
of John and Margaret [Young] Wilson, who came from Scotland,
1843; b. in G.. Sept. 13, 1848; ed. Morrisville Acad., teacher and em-
ployed in Scale Factory, St. Johnsbury ; settled in G. buying farm
formerly that of Jas. Aiken, a native of R. ; town rep. 1892; elder in
U. P. ch.)
Children :

1. Florence Edith,* b. Feb, 19, 1879; grad. Bennington, H. S. 1897; m.

Aug. 16. 1904, Roy G. Young. 1 ch , Ethel Mary, 5 b. June 23, 1906.

2. John Irwin.* b. March 2, 1882 ; grad. Laconia, N. H., Bus. Coll.; m. Dec.

10, 1907, Lucy May Thompson. Ch. Robert Ed ward, 5 b. July 31,
1909.

3. James Harrison,* b. Sept. 14, 1889; grad. Craftsbury Acad., 1909; now

(1910) in Vt. Agri. Coll.

4. Lillyas Rosana,* b. Greensboro, July 7, 1850; m. Charles R. Whitcher of

E. Hardwick, Sept. 6, 1887; she d. April 5, 1894; no chil.; bur. in E.
Hard wick cem.

4.10 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

2 Gkorge,2 (James, ^) b. Scotland, April 1811; came to Am. with father; set-
tled on Jefferson Hill, Newbury; went to Cal. 1849; served 3 mos. in
Co. K.3d Vt. He m. Mary dau. \Valter,2 Buchanan (b. April 15,
1810; d. Oct. 24, 1878). He d. Mcirch 7, 1881.
Children :
i. Janet. 3 b. Nov. 22, 1832; d. May 7, 1909.
ii. Mary, 3 m. James Halley of N. as 3d wife,
iii. Margaret, 3 m N. H. Ricker.

iv. David, 3 farmer in Newbury and Groton ; d. [uly 24, 1906. One dau. d. y.
V. Nelson, a d. March 30, 1879, aged 28.
vi. Lillias.a d. March 7, 1881, aged 33.

MANCHESTER.

Stephe.n,! b. Tiverton, R. I., 1717; soldier in frontier wars, served in Rev.
war as a private, and was in the siege of Boston. His sons, Stephen,
Thomas and Gershom. and his brother John also served in the Rev.
war. He rem. to Windham, Maine, where he d. 1807.

Thomas. 2- (Stephen, i) came from Windham, Me., to Haverhill before 1770.
He enlisted as a private in Capt. Samuel Young's Co. of Bedel's reg.
under Gen. Stark; was with the reg. in Canada, and at the capture of
Ticonderoga in 1777, and d. there in service He m. Hannah dau.
James Bailey of Newbury and Peacham [Hist, of N., p. 451] who after
his death m. George Garland of Barnet and d. Feb. 28, 1811. A
pocket book carried by Thomas Manchester in the Rev. war is owned
by Benj. Manchester.

Children : [According to the record made by Alfred Poor of Salem, Mass.,
many years ago.]

1 i. Ezekiel.3

2 ii. Enoch, 3 who settled in Groton, Vt.

iii. Abigail.3 who m. Joseph Fclch of Waterford.

3 iv. Thomas. a

V. Anna, a m. Samuel Nutter of Barnet.

vi. Hannah, 3 m. Hazen Burbank, q. v.

vii. Rachel ^ m. Moses Burbank.
viii. William. 3

ix. James. 3 Lived in Maine.

EzEKiEL,3 (Thomas, 2 Stephen. i) After his mother's m. to Geo. Garland he
lived with them till of age. Mason says, then went on to a farm in
Barnet owned in 1860 by his son Thomas. Deacon in the Baptist ch.
at Passumpsic and a most worthy man. He m. 1st, 1790. Sarah, dau.
Samuel Smith of Bath (b. 1770; d. July 8, 1820.) 2d, Mrs. Mary,
wid. of Martin Chamberlin of Bath. Ezekiel and his 1st w. are bur.
in a pasture on the old Manchester farm, in a walled enclosure, with
several gr. ch. His 2d w. d. at the home of her son, Dea. Charles
Chamberlin at Waterford, and bur. there.
Children (dates of birth from town record ; marriages from Mason.)

4 i. Thomas. 1 b. March 1, 1795.

ii. Phoebe.* b. June 6, 1796 ; m. James McLay of Glasgovi', Scot.

iii. Elizabeth,* h. Oct. 15, 1798; m. Hazen Aldrich of R. and d. a year later.

iv. Joseph,* b. Aug. 24, 1802; m. Drusilla Sherburne of R. and d. here. Ch.
Joseph, 5 Sarah, s Jane, ^ Charlotte B. ,5 and .Andrew J. ^ All dead but
Joseph who res. in Cal., and Andrew J . at W. Townsend, Mass.
V. Ezekiel,* b. Oct. 29, 1803 ; m. Mary Anil Smith of Bath. He d. in Nor-
wich Vt. Both bur. at Norwich. One son, Alfred S., who m. Martha
Dutton ; lived and d. at Norwich. Their dau. Mary who m. Heman
Durkee ; 2 sons.

GENEALOGY — MANCHESTER. 411

vi. Benjamin.* b. Aug. 31, 1805 ; m. 1st, Hannah Sherburne, who d. Ch.
Betsey.5 and Hannah. 5 2d, Dolly Mitchell of Plainfield. Ch. Curtis, 5
Laura, 5' and Austin. ^ He went to Stevens Point, Wis.
I E.\oCH,3 (Thomas,2 Stephen,i) m. Miss Wilmot; settled in Groton, but rem.
ab. 1838 to St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., where they d.
Children :

(1) Nathan. (2) Enoch. (3) Joel. (4) Osee. (5) Isaac. (6) Hannah.
(7) Lucy who never m. Nathan's chil. were Joel, Sally, Charles and
Prosper. Enoch's were Carlos, Mary, Enoch, Frank, Jane, Martha,
Sarah and Meribah. Enoch, at Princeton, 111., asks that their record
be inserted for its preservation. Joel's children were Emagene, Althea
and Julia. Osee's were Emily, Gordon, Daniel, perhaps others. Isaac
had no children. Hannah had one daughter.
i Thomas, 3 (Thomas,2 Stephen, i) b. Haverhill, N. H , June 6, 1770; m. 1st,
Elizabeth Kelley. Ch. (all b. in Barnet 5 of whom d. of spotted fever
in 1816.) Stephen, ■* Ezekiel, Amos, Osee, Joel, Thomas, Timothy,
Solomon, William, Eliz-ibeth, who m. Geo. Sutherland; 4 ch. Han-
nah, who m. William Eraser, lived and d. in Monroe, N. H., Jane, who
m. John Sutherlard and d. at Ft. Ann. N. Y. Thomas Manchester m.
2d, Abigail Redding of Barnet. Ch. all b. in B. Priscilla,* Moses,
Lemuel, Thomas, and Abigail. He d. June 29, 1852; she d. April 20,
1876. 5 chil. Thomas Manchester in 1791 took Freeman's Oath, "in
so far as it agrees with the word of God." He was one of the 50 who
signed the call to Rev. David Goodwillie. None of his ch. lived long
in R., but many descendants are in Barnet and Monroe.
4 Thomas,* (Ezekiel,^ Thomas, 2 Stephen, i) b. March 1, 1795; came to R. with
parents; farmer on homestead; m. 1840 Mary, dau. Stephen Holman.
He d. Sept. 7, 1874; she d. June 28, 1899. The farmhouse on the
homestead was built in 1818.
Children :
i. Charles H.,^ b. 1841; res. Mclndoes ; harness maker ; m. Helen J.Sulli-
van. 2 ch. Harr^' S., adopted dau. Nellie A.
ii. Luther S.,^ b. 1843; farmer; he m. Laura Lackie of Barnet. Ch.
Adopted dau. Kate M.

iii. Phebe.5 b. 1 845 ; d. Nov. 1891.

iv. Benjamin, 5 b. Nov. 6, 1848; farmer, owning the John Currier farm; he
held several town offices and was representative in 1904. He m. Oct.
24, 1876, Loella N. McLachHn of Peacham. No ch. Res. Mclndoes
Falls.
V. Thomas, 5 b. 1849 ; farmer on homestead, the farm of Ezekiel Manchester,
which has been in the family name 116 yrs. Not m.

vi. Edwin, 5 b. May 27, 1854; res. near Harvey's Lake, Barnet; farmer, also
employed several seasons at White Mountains. He m. March 29,
1881 by Rev. D. C. Paris, Sarah Jane, dau. Dudley and Rebecca (Roy)
Nutter. Members of Ref. Pres.ch. Ch. Mary Rebecca,^ b. March 19,
d. April 10, 1886; bur. Stuart cemetery in Barnet.

Solomon,* (Thomas, ^ Thomas,^ Stephen, i) b. Barnet, Mav 4, 1806; m. there
March 10, 1830. Eunice Redding (b. Barnet, May" 31. 1800); res. in
Charleston, Vt., 6 yrs., then in Barnet: rem. to Waterville, Vt., April,
1839, where he d.. March 7, 1897, nearlv 91 yrs. old. She d. W. April
28, 1889. Mem. M. E. ch.
Children :
i. Amanda M..5 b. Ch<irleston, Vt., Feb. 23, 1831 ; m. Jan. 1, 1859, Alden
Darling of Morristown; res. there till hed. 1891, then inWaterville till
d. Sept. 5, 1804; bur. in Morristown.

ii. AurilaJ.,5b. Charleston, Aug. 17, 1833; m. at Bakersfield. April 20,
1871, Emerson Wheelock of B. Rem. to Waterville, Oct. 1902, where
he d. Dec. of same year; she res. in W.

iii. Stevens R.,5 b. Charleston, Julv 4, 1835; m. Jan. 1, 1862, Ellen Wells;
she d. Feb. 1908 ; he res. Waterville. Ch. Clara J., and Edwin.

412 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

iv. James M. ,5 b. Barnet, Oct. 15, 1837; m. Aug. 14, 1862, Charlotte B,

Wells: enlisted in Co. I, 1st Vt. Cav.; taken prisoner April 1864, in

Kilpatrick's raid before Richmond ; d. Andersonville Prison, Ga., Sept.

1864, and bur. there. Ch. Monroe J.
v. Henry W.,* b.Waterville, Feb. 24, 1840; m. Dec. 5, 1871, Rhoda Codding.

.S ch. Res. Cambridge. Vt.
vi. John A. ,5 b. W., April 11, 1842; m. Oct. 10, 1878, Margaret Irving. He

d. Leadville. Col., May 30, 1880; bur. Waterville.
vii. Horace S.,5 b. W., March 20, 1844; m. July 4, 1876, Mrs. Harriet Divoll.

Ch. Ernest and Hattie; res. Johnson, Vt.
viii. Eunice R..^ b. W., Jan. 22, 1847 ; d. Aug. 25, 1851.
ix. Ernest W.,5 b. W. June, 1849; m. Sept. 7, 1883, Amy Leach; res. on

homestead at W. Ch. Anna and William.

MASON.

This family is of Scotch and French ancestry through an alliance made in the
troublous times of the •'Pretender." The name was originally spelled
Masson.
I. William Masson,i (1716-1769) m. Anne Magoy (1706-1773). Their

chil. were William, Matthew, Jean, John and Joan,
n. William, 2 (1738-1784) m. Jean Thompson. Their sons were George and
William,
in. George, 3 (1769-1848) m. Isabel Neilson of Erskine, where they lived,
died and are buried. He was prominent in reform, and so efficient in
quelling disturbance during the Corn Law riots that he received a sil-
ver medal with the cross of St. George as a testimonial. His wife's
name is perpetuated in an educational institution endowed by his
family and still known as the "Neilson Institute" of Paisley. (See
"Nelson Family of Erskine," in this volume).

Children :
i. William,* manufacturer with his father at Paisley, Scot,
ii. Archibald, 3 buried in Vermont ; lived in Ryegate at one time.

1 iii. George,? b. 1800.

iv. James,* Hved, d. and bur. at Paisley.
V. John,* lived in Ryegate some years; rem. to Rock Falls, 111., where he d.

Jan. 1897, bur. at Sterling, 111. Never m.
vi. Peter,* a physician; d. in Missouri in 1862. No children,
vii. Jean,* m. John Allison of Paisley, Scot. ; d. and bur. there.

2 viii. Nelson,* b. March 17, 1810.

ix Janet,* m. Alexander McNeil ; d. 1849 ; bur. at Albany. Ill,

3 X. Carlile,* b. May 17, 1817.

1 George,* (George,3 William, 2 William, i) b. Paisley, Scot., 1800. Came to
Ryegate ab. 1820; farmer here, also notary public, and had considera-
ble legal knowledge, practising law to a limited extent, and was a suc-
cessful schoolmaster; was also agent for book publishers, and in
other business. He lived some years in Sutton, which he represented
in 1852. His service to Ryegate and Barnet consisted in collecting
information from the oldest people living between 1855 and 1862,
of the early history of these towns, family researches and anecdotes,
with the intention of publishing a small volume containing these col-
lections. Sketches of several families from his hand found places in the
Caledonian, the North Star, the Vermont Union and the St. Jobns-
bury Index, a short-lived paper of limited circulation. But interest in
local history was not much in evidence in his day ; his plans met little
encouragement, and at his death some of his papers were scattered
and lost. Most of them however, fell into the hands of Mr. Edward
Miller, formed the basis of his extensive collections and through him
those gathered in the present volume. The work of Mr. Mason is now,

GENEALOGY — MASON. 413

forty years after his death, beginning to be appreciated. He m. 1st,
Elizabeth, dau. Jonathan Page (b. Nov. 26, 1790). She d.
2d (then living in Barnet) March 23. 1865. Maria (Meader) wid. of
Peter M. Paul. He d. Groton, )uly 16, 1872 ; bur. in Groton Vil. cem.
Children :
i. Jonathan George,5 b. March 24, 1822.
ii. Archibald, 5 b. Nov. 7, 1824.; went aw^ay from Ryegate.
iii. Nelson Carlisle, s b. Feb. 23, 1829 ; d. Sutton, Vt., leaving a wife.

2 Nelson,* (George, 3 VVm.,2 Wm.,i ) b. Paisley, Scot., March 19, 1810 ; he came

to Am. and Ryegate 1826; attended school here, and was m. March
17, 1835. to Desire Emeline, dau. John Barnett.* " A curious incident
in his life was the observance of the orthographical change by which
his real name of Neilson Masson was abreviated into Nelson .Mason,
through persistent omission of the silent letters. He found that con-
stant effort at correction only ended in defeat aud annoyance and sub-
mitted to the phonetic spelling as the lesser evil." They rem. to 111.,
1835, settling 1st at Grafton. He thoroughly explored the northern
part of the state, buying land and securing more from the Government
iDy patent; built the 1st frame house in SterHng, laid out the town,
gave the place its name, and assisted in organizing Whiteside Co. He
served as mayor of Sterling, and was president of one of the railroads
centering there. Rem. to Chicago 1845, was extensively engaged in
business there and was a ruling elder in the 3d Pres. ch. In politics a
republican, thoroughly Scotch in characteristics — an American in the
most loyal sense. He ever held an affectionate regard for the friends
of his youth in Ryegate and Barnet. Mr. Mason d. May 7, 1893 ; she
d. Jan. 26, 1897.
Children :
i. Isabelle Annette, 5 m. 1st, John A. Bross. Ch. (1) Cora,^ d. y. (2) Nel-
son Mason, 6 m, Isabel Adams. Ch. John A. She m. 2d Azariah T.
Gait. Ch. (3) Arthur T.,6 m. Ida M. Cook. (4) Victor.^ d. y.
• ti. Emily Jane,5 m. Zadoc Gait. Ch. (1) Guy Mason, 6 d. y. (2) Paul T.,6
m. Mary L. Newcomer. Ch. Mason and Paul.

iii. Ann, 5 m. Joseph Curtis Bullock. Ch. (1) Carl C.,^ m. Alice S. Folsom.
(2) Bertha, 6 m. Wm. R. Folsom. (3) Geo. S.,6 d. y.

iv. George, 5 d. y.
V. Julia,5 d. y.

3 Carlile.* (George,3 Wm.," Wm.,i) b. Paisley. May 17. 1817; m. 1839, Jean

McArthur ; served apprenticeship as blacksmith and machinist. At
time of his mar. he was emp. in making and repairing weaving ma-
chinery. Came to Am. 1842, first finding employment as engineer on
an 111 river steamboat ; came to Sterling 1843 and in 1844 to Chi-
cago, working a:^ his trade till 1 852 ; about 1850 he was sent with his
brother-in-law Henry Warrington, to Fond-du-lac, to install the ma-
chinery in the 2d steamer that ever sailed the lake. In 1852 he formed
a partnership with his brother in-law, John McArthur, opening a shop
on West Randolph St., which developed into the Excelsior Iron Works,
with v\'hicli he was connected till his death. Police commissioner for
Chicago four yrs ; U. S. Inspector of steamboats, examining engineers,
issuing licenses, etc., six years; rep. in 111. legislature two terms. He
was an Abolitionist and identified with Philo Carpenter and others in
the " Underground Railroad." During the Civil war he was an active
workman in the Sanitary Commission. Charter member of the 1st
Cong. ch. of Chicago. He d. in Iowa, July 6, 1901 ; bur. in Chicago.

* John Barnett lived in Barnet ; m. Jean Barbour; rem. to southern Illinois; d. and

bur. at Grafton, 111. Chil. (1) John, m. Jane ; d. y. ( 2) Desire Emeline, m. Nelson

Mason. (3) Ann Phelps m. Lot S. Pennington in 111. (4) William Dinsmore, lived in Kan-
sas. (5) Samuel R. Hall, m. Lucy Pierce. (6; Wealthy Arethusa, m. Albert S. Coe.

414 HISTORY OF RVEGATE, VERMONT,

Children :
i. George ^ m. 1st, Ella Slocum. Cli. George, ^ and Geraldine.*> 2d, Annie

M. Lawrence,
ii. James Albert.^- in. Louise Sherwin. Chil. (1) Marion, ^ m. Clark Bennett.

1 ch. (2) George M.^ (3) Emma Jean, ^ m. Frank Carroll,
iii. Emma Jean.s m. Truman W. Brophy. Ch. (I) Jean,^ m. Charles J.
Barnes. 4 ch. (2) Florence, ^ m. Wm, H. G.Logan, 1 dau. (3) Tru-
man,^ m. Hazel Eckhart. 1 son. (4) Alberta.^

McAllister.

1, John, from the n. of Ireland of Scotch ancestry from Argyleshire. Settled

in New Boston, N. H , 1748; rem. to Francestown.
II. Archib.'VLD, 1>. Ireland, m. Mary McKeen ; lived in New Boston, Frances-
town, and Antrim ; Rev. sol. 12 ch. of wh. Robert and three sisters
settled in Newbury.

III, Robert,! b. New Boston, N. H., Aug. 26. 1772; ni. Sarah Stewart of

Amherst ; came to Newbury, 1806, and settled where the widow
of L. W. McAllister lives, near Round Pond; farmer, carpenter and
teacher both of day and singing schools, for 20 winters; precentor
many yrs. in Pres.ch, at Topsham. He d. March 7, 1861, 7 ch. (See
History of Newbury).

IV. David,^ b. Antrim, N, H., Sept. 11, 1801 ; farmer in Newbury; m. Feb. 1,

1822, Elizabeth, dau. Samuel Tucker (b. March 30, 1801 ; d. Oct. 12,
1878 ) He d. Sept. 27, 1879 ; 6 ch.

V. John Renfrew, 3 b. Newbury, Nov, 30, 1827 ; farmer and carpenter in N.,
rem. to So. R, 1870. He m. Nov. 28. 1850, Nancy Melissa, dau Aaron
Page, who was b. at Derry, N. H., Jan. 9, 1800; d. March 1873 and
Hannah [Gilmore] his wife, b. Gofistown. N. H., March 7,1804; d.
Nov. 20, 1859. Mrs. McA. was b. Bedford, N. H., April 11, 1832, T-
R. McAllister d. June 14, 1903.
Children :
i. Ella Melissa,* b. Clinton. Mass., June 22, 1851 : m. Dec. 9, 1869, Abner f.
Whitcher of Newbury. Ch. (1) Fred J., 5 b. June 29, 1870; res in
Cal ; musician (2) Frank E., 5 b. May 6, 1872; d. March 13, 1907.
(3) Edna Maud,5 b. Jan. 18, 1881 ; teacher. (4) Perley Henrv,^ b.
Aprils, 1889.

ii. Edgar Page,* b. Newbury, Feb. 8, 1857; m. Nov, 26. 1878, Lucy H.,
dau. Granville Meader; carpenter and builder. He d. So. R.. Jan. 26,
1883. Ch. Perley Edgar,^ b. So. R., Aug. 28, 1879. Chief clerk to
Supt. Louisville & Nashville R. R., res. Montgomery, Ala.; m. Tune 8,
1909, Ruby Bernadette Horris.

iii. Wilbur Albert.* b. N., July 5, 1860; carpenter and cabinet maker. He
m. Nov. 28,1883, Nettie M. Carpenter; d. St. Johnsbury, Jan. 11,
1897.

iv. Edna Betsey,* b. N June 23, 1863; m. Dec. 27, 1883, Wm. H.Goodfellow.
Children all b. inR. ( 1) Emma Louisa, s b. Dec. 22, 1884 ; m. Wm. H.
Nelson, q. v. (2) Bertie M..5 b. April 5, 1886. (3) Edna Melissa.s
h. March 18. 1889; m. Oct. 5, 1908, Martin Luther Jennings.

V. William Olin,* b. N. Feb. 16, 1866 edu. com. sch. N. and Ryegate, New-
bury Seminary and Eastman's Bus. Coll., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Clerk
for 'p. Gibson & Son, So. R., 1885-6; entered Merchants National
Bank, Manchester. N. H., in which he is now teller; has held positions
of trust in connection with fraternal, social and business associations ;
treasurer of the Music Festival Soc, the Calumet Club and the Man-
chester Shoe Mf'gCo., Mason, Knight Templar, and member of Knights
of Pythias. He m. Jan. 26, 1901, Edith Dinwiddie Bulman (b. Oct.
27,1874). Ch. (1) William Bulman, s b. Nov. 17, 1901. (2) Jean,5
b. March 13, 1903. (3) Wilbur Gordon, s b. May 10, 1906.

GENEALOGY— MCALLISTER.

415

vi. Hattie Maria,* b N. April 2, 1868. „, . ^ , , r

vii. Lora Belle,-* b. So. R., Jan, 8, 1876; m. Jan. 2, 1900, Rev. W. I. Todd of
the M. E. ch. She d. Johnstown, Ohio, Dec. 2, 1901.

ToHN D ,* (Samuel. 3 David,2 Robert, i),b. Topsham, March 17, 1854; one of
9 chil , ed. common sch. and Bradford Acad.; came to So. Ryegate m
March, 1881; in livery bus. 2 yrs.. in meat bus. from 1883 alone or
withR T.White and others 14 years; has settled many estates and
several insolvent ones; succeeded M. R. Gray in 1896, agent of Vt.
Mutual Fire Ins. Co.; agent forGranite Mutual Ins. Co., of Barre. and
Vt Accident Ins. Co., of Rutland ; ap. deputy sheriff 1882, still hold-
ing the office, has also held several town offices ; is also auctioneer
doing a large business. He m. Feb. 4, 1876, Lydia. only ch. of Nathan
and Hnnnah [Richardson] Batchelder of Topsham. Members ot 1st
Pres. ch.
Children :
i Samuel Franklin,^ b. Oct. 8, 1876 ; ed. at Newbury Seminary and Wal-
tham (Mass.) Horological Ins. Res. Woodsville. N. H.. emp. by Doe
Bros, as watchmaker and jeweler. He m. at Boston, Nov. 29 1900,
Letha Frances, dau. Martin and Augusta [Clark] Webster. Ch. (1)
Jennette Euphemia,^ b. June 11, 1902; d. in inf. (2) Samuel Frank-
lin,6 b. Sept. 16. 1907.
ii. John D.,5 b. June 11, 1884; d. May 11, 1886.

iii John Alexander.^ b. March 7, 1889 ; with Doe Bros, at Woodsville 4 yrs. ,
now clerk for B. L. Terry at So. Ryegate.

McARTHUR.

Rev Tames H., eldest son of James and EHza [Moore] McArthur, b. Rutland,
Kane Co.. 111., Dec. 10, 1873. His parents were b. in Newton, Co.
Derry Ireland, of Scotch Covenanter stock. James Moore, a gr. gr.
uncle 'of his mother was burned at the stake for refusing to recant
his allegiance to the Protestant faith. James H., fitted for college at
Elgin Acad., grad. Geneva Coll., Beaver Falls, Pa., 1895 with degree
of B A • grad. Ref. Pres. Theo. Sem.. Philadelphia 1898; two yrs. m
missionary work on Pacific coast; pastor Ref. Pres ch. at So. Rye-
gate 1900-1905, in which he did good and faithful w^ork, over 30
being received into the ch. Rem. in spring of 1905, to become pastor
of the United Pres. congregation at Thompsonville, Ct.. where he re-
mains. He m at Potsdam. N. Y., Aug. 7, 1902, Sadie A. Rutherford a
graduate of the Potsdam Conservatory of Music.
Children : Esther Eliza, Helen Frances and Elizabeth, the two last dying
in infancy.

McCOLL.

[This name was formerly spelled McCowel and some branches of the family
spell it McCole.]

Alexander,! McCoU of Drymond, Stirlingshire, Scotland, m. 1st, Jean
Thompson of Balfron. He never came to America, was twice m. and
had several chil. of whom little is now known.

WiLLiAM,2 (Alexander.i) b. Balfron 1763; lived in the parish of Drymond,
Stirhngshire, Scotland ; mason by trade; member of a Masonic lodge,
and the Presbyterian ch. He m. Margaret Lackie ot Craiggoram in
Drymond. She d. there 1826, and the familycame to America in 1829;
thev were seven or eight weeks on the voyage, and came to Montreal,
then to Burlington ; they arrived there at the time of the great freshet
in 1829, and Robert with his sister. Margaret, and niece, Mrs. Stev-
enson, walked to Peacham, as all the bridges were gone on the road.

416 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT,

John went later to Burlington, with a team, and moved the family
and goods. He lived in old age with his son John, but died at his
daughter's (Mrs. Liddle) March 17, 1857, aged 94.
Children :
i. Alexander, 3 b. Jan. 3. 1792; d. in Glasgow Infirmary, March 17, 1857;
had one dau. who m. James Stevenson.

1 ii. Robert, 3 b. Drymen, April 22, 1794.

iii. Jean, 3 (twin to Robert) m. James Liddle, q. v.

iv. John, 3 b. Feb. 6, 1797; m. in Scotland where his wife d. Settled in R.
and bought a farm of Thos. Kennedy.

2 V. Janet, 3 b. Dec. 27, 1799.

3 vi. William, 3 b. May 15, 1802.

vii. Margaret, 3 (twin to William) m. April 28, 1835, Daniel Sillars.
viii. Archibald, 3 b. Dec. 20, 1805. Lived, m. and d. in Liverpool. Eng.

1 RoBERT.2 (Wm.,2 Alexander, 1) b. April 22, 1794; m. in Scotland, June 18,

1821, Janet, dau. Robert and Jean (Buchanan) Kennedy, b. Feb. 2,
1801. Settled in Peacham, where he d. Nov. 27, 1879. Hewas a pro-
ficient performer on the bag pipe.
Children :
i. Winiam.4 b. Oxford St., Glasgow, May 1. 1822 ; d. Jan. 10. 1828.

ii. Jane,4 b. York St., Glasgow, April 13, 1824; m. Loyd W. Pattridge; d.
June 28, 1895 at Neponset, 111. One dau. Carrie Jane,^ b. Feb. 2,
1881 ; m. Harry T. Duffy; res. Creston. Iowa. One son, Loyd [Pat-
tridge], d. in early manhood.

iii. Alexander,* b. Glasgow, June 10,1826; rem. to Nebraska, where he d.
Feb. 13,1884; twice m. Several cli.

iv. William,* b. Glasgow, Aug. 28, 1828; m, Louisa Gould; d. March 20,
1880. 9ch.

4 V. John,* b. Peacham, Vt., Jan. 8, 1832.

2 Janet, 3 (William, 2 Alexander, i) b. Scotland, Dec. 27, 1799. Came to America

with parents; m. James Campbell. They went to Scotland in May,
18+4, where he d March 1851. She ret. with her chil. to America in
July, 1852, and lived at Northfield, Vt., then at Gaysville, Vt. She d.
May 27, 1880.
Children :
i. Margaret,* [Campbell] b. Ryegate, April 23, 1835; m. Dec. 11, 1861,
Morgan E. Gay, s. of Daniel and Sally [Baker] Gay of Mass. He d.
Feb. 16, 1899; she res. in So. Ryegate.
ii. Agnes,* b. Barnet, June 13, 1837.
iii. Archie,* b. Barnet, Feb., 1841.
iv. Janet,* b. Scotland, 1848,

3 William, 3 (Wm.,2 Alexander,^) b. May 15, 1802; came with his father to

Barnet, and m. 1830, Margaret, dau. Alexander Buchanan of Barnet
(b. Jan. 18, 1813; d.
Children :
i. Alexander,* b. Jan. 18, 1831 : m. Nov. 20, 1856. Mary Ann Pollard, and
had daus., Julia M.,^ and Margaret H.,^ and two others.

ii. John,* b. June 24, 1832; went to Cal. while young; ret. to R. and m,
Jan. 19, 1860, Jane, dau. Wm. and Christian Gibson (b Jan. 27, 1831.)
Settled on the Peter Kennedy farm in Barnet, but went back to Cal,,
where his ^v. d. 1879, leaving two daus. and a son. an older son hav-
ing died. He m. again and d. in Cal., leaving a 3d dau,. Eva Beulah.
His chil. settled in Cal.

iii. William,* b. May 24, 1834; went to Cal.. was there some years. On his
return they were becalmed several weeks in mid-ocean. Hew^as broken
in health, and soon d. Nov. 27, 1873.

iv. Martha.* b. July 12, 1836; m. Solomon Chamberlin, q. v.
V. James,* b. July 26, 1838; went to Cal., worked in the mines and mills
till d. at ab. forty.

GENEALOGY — MCCOLL. 417

vi. Archibald,^ b. Dec. 28, 1840; served in the Union army in Co. H, 4th Vt..
d. at Harper's Ferry; was thought to have been poisoned.

vii. Henry,* b. Dec. 26, 1842; served in the Union army, in Co" H, 4th Vt.,
through the war; prom. Corporal Nov. 12, 1862; wounded at the
Wilderness in the liver, the wound not being dressed for eight days.
His pocket Bible was found on the battlefield by a Mr. Stevens of St.
Paul and returned to him after 41 yrs. He m. Corrilla, dau. Hugh K.,
and Sarah [Whitehill] Moore of R. Three ch., all d. One dau., Car-
rie, m. Edward White. Ch. (1) Harry H.,^ [White] now in Amherst
Coll. (2) Everett E.,^ now in Peabody, [Mass.] High School. Town
rep. 1878, and held other offices.

viii. Robert, + b. Dec. 27, 1844; served in the Union army in Co. A, 11th Vt.,
and d as so many did soon after reaching home.

ix. Margaret Jane,"*^ b. May 6, 1848; m. Horace H. Duncan of Monroe, N.
H., and res, there. One sun, Robert, in electric light bus. Portland,
Me., and a dau.. Martha, who m. a lawyer named English, and went
to Chicago.
X. Agnes Janet,* b. April 21, 1850; m. W. H. Lynds of Lowell, Mass. Ch.
Jane Letitia,^ and Margaret Eliza, ^ who are m. and Helen, •'> who d. in
her 3d year.

John, 3 (Wm.,2 Alexander, i) b. Peacham, Vt., Jan. 8, 1832; went to Daven-
port, Iowa, while a young man; ret. to Vt.; m. in R. May 25, 1858,
Lois Maria, dau. Wm. Renfrew; settled in Iowa; she ret. to Vt., in
failing health ; he was in Colorado some years, mining, but ret. to Vt.,
1871 and settled on the Wm. Renfrew farm where he w^as very success-
ful ; d. Jan. 28, 1892; she d. Feb. 23, 1904. She was a member of the
1st Pres, ch.. So. R.
Children :
i. Frank Renfrew,* b. Davenport, Iowa, Feb. 20, 1859; farmer on home-
stead; has been lister, and school director. Supr. of 1st Pres. S. S.,
and Session Clerk. He m. by Rev. W. S. Wallace Nov. 10, 1904, Mar-
tha J., dau. A. H. Park. Ch. John Franklin, 5 b. July 27, 1906.
ii. Bertha Jane,* b. Corinth, Vt., Dec. 21, 1865; m. John M. Morrison q. v.

iii. Blanche Janet,* b. Peacham, Vt., May 4, 1870; m. April 26, 1905; Bur-
ton L. Gardner of Newburv.

iv Lois Maria.* b. Rvegate, Nov. 13, 1872; m. April 24, 1894, Moses B.

Brown; d. Aug.' 23, 1894.
V. Ernest Nelson,* b. Jan. 1. 1875; fitted for college at Peacham Acad.,
grad. Vt. Univ. 1901 ; is now connected with the Bureau of Highways,
Brooklvn, N. Y.; connected with Pres. ch. and with the Y. M. C. A. in
Brooklyn. He m. at Marshfield, Vt., Sept. 21, 1910, by Rev. E. R.
Currier, Goldie Maude, dau. Coridon D. Smith.

Mcdonald.

This family seems to have been quite prominent in early days, but has long
been extinct here. These records by Mr. Mason, with additions by
Mr. Miller are given here for their preservation.
Alexander McDonald, b. 1758 in the Scottish Highlands, came to Am. and
Ryegate 1790, with Judge John Cameron, who is said by Mason to
have been his half brother. He was a farmer, also bought live stock
for Mr. Cameron and was the first person to sell goods in Ryegate.
He m. 1796, Agnes, dau. John Ross of Barnet ; they lived on and
owned the farms owned later by Wm. Hunter and Amos Abbott.
Alexander McDonald was taken sick in a tavern at No. Hatley, Que.,
and d. in a few minutes. She d. in R. 1856.
Children :
i. Janet, 2 b. April 27, 1797 ; m, John Stewart.
ii. Donald. 2 b. Dec. 10, 1799.

418 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

iii Duncan, 2 b. May 1, 1802; never m.
iv. Hugh, 2. b. Ian. 20, 1804; not m. in 1860.
V. Effie,2 b. Nov. 1, 1805; m. Jacob Parker,
vi. Iohn,2 b. Nov. 8, 1807 ; d. in Boston.
vii. "Archibald, 2 b. Oct. 29, 1809; went to Wisconsin.
viii. Alexander. 2 b. April 6, 1812; m. Elizabeth Judkins.
1 Donald, 2 (Alexander,!) b Dec. 10, 1799; ni. Agnes, dau. James Thomas (b.
Ryegate, Aug. 26, 1800,) Rem. to Peacham, where he d. 1887.
Children :

Wm. Alexander,3 b. Dec. 19, 1826.
Jerrv Orange. 3 b. Oct. 21, 1829.
Cynthia Ann, a b. Sept. 23, 1831,
Eliza Ann, 3 b. Nov. 29, 1835.

Mcdonald.

MuRDO F. 1 son of Farquhar and Hannah (McLeod) b, Geashader, Parish of
Dig, Island of Lewis, Scotland, Dec. 14, 1849. (His parents both d.
in the parish of Uig and their chil. in order of birth were, Angus,
Annie, Murdo F., Effie, John, Hannah and Henrietta, all living but
Annie, and all in Scotland but Murdo F. The elder McDonald spent
7 yrs. with the Hudson Bay Co., in the fur trade while a young man
and un-m.) Ed. in district schools supported by subscription before
the establishment of government schools ; followed both ling and her-
ring fishery ; served during the drilling season of five years on a man
of war ship in the coast guard ; three years on the police force, Glas-
gow. Came to Canada 1870 and to St. Johnsbury same year, and
began cutting stone tor Peter Laird, who organized the St. Johnsbury
Granite Co.. composed of P. & R. W. Laird and Hiram Moody; came
to So. Ryegate, May 20, 1873 to take charge of their branch shop,
and to look after the quarry, and shipping rough stock, which was in
that spring hauled by four pairs of oxen from the mountain down by
the Martin L. Hall place and No. 3 schoolhouse, and the Henderson,
now Fisk place, and loading without a derrick. They were the 1st
in the state to use granite polishing machines. In 1876 the St. J. Co.
discontinued their branch shop and he has conducted the business
since. He m. 1st. at Newbury, Jan. 13.1875 by Rev. S. L.Bates,
Sarah Isabel, dau. Walter Arthur (b. Ryegate, Feb. 16, 1854; d. Mary
Fletcher Hospital, Burlington, July 12, 1894; bur. So. Ryegate.) No
chil., but adopted Rubie Nena, dau. Mr. and Mrs. Coffin of Barre.
She res. in Boston. He m 2d Feb. 6, 1896, by Rev. S. A. Jackson, as-
sisted by Rev. S. P. Brownell, Mrs. Annie, widow of John Smith and
dau. of Angus and Margaret (McRitchie) McLean.
Children: George K,. b. March 22. 1897. Mrs McDonald has by a
former marriage the following children :
i. William F. [Smith] b. 1885; res. So. R.; in stone shed as tool sharpener
and stone cutter.

ii. Gordon A , [Smith] b. 1887; clerk 2 yrs. for Wm. Terry; bookkeeper and
salesman for C. H. Mose & Co., Barre; now with Geo. L. Moore Gro.
Co.. Canandaigua. N. Y.

iii. Angus H. L. [Smith] b. 1889; student at Jefferson Medical Coll., Phila-
delphia.

iv. Alexander J. [Smith] b. 1871; clerk in Terry's store, also A. T. Gay's;
then at Albany Bus. Coll.; 2 yrs. bookkeeper for Osgood Granite Co ,
now with M. F. McDonald in granite bus.

Mr. and Mrs. McDonald are members, as was also his 1st w. of
the United Pres. ch.. in which he has been many years an elder. This
is most nearly like the Free Church of Scotland in which he was
reared.

GENEALOGY — MCDOWELL. 419

Mcdowell.

Rev. Wm. Joh.s, son of Henry McDowell b.near Belfast, Ireland, about 1825;
studied in the Belfast Academical Ins., and rec. his theological train-
ing under Rev. Dr. Andrew Symington of Paisley, Scotland. Came
with his father's family to Canada in 1845; preached in South Gower,
Canada, and ordained there Jan. 8, 1846, bv the Kingston Presbytery
in connection with the Presbyterian ch. of Ca^nada. In Feb., 1851, he
came to the States to collect funds to erect a church at Kemptville,v
Canada, which was done, also two log churches in the frontier tow ns
of Mountain and Oxford, Ont. In 1856, he rem. with his family to
the States and connected himself with the Ref. Pres ch. in which he
had been reared in Ireland. Pastor of the Ref. Pres. congregation at
Lisbon, N. Y.. 1857-'63; Ref. Pres. congregation at South Ryegate,
ins. June 17, 1863; res. 1873 and ins. Oct. 21st, pastor oi the 2d Ref.
Pres. congregation, Brooklyn, N. Y. Then he raised funds to build
a church which was dedicated in Nov., 1876. On Aug. 31, 1878
his father d. at the great age of 101 yrs. In May, 1886, having
been for some time in charge of a mission chapel connected with the
Fourth Pres. ch. in N. Y City, he left the communion of the Ref. Pres.
ch., and connected himself with the Presbytery of New York. Ret.
from active service Jan. 1, 1891. He d. suddenly at Flainfield, N. J.,
July 22, 1895. and bur. at So. Ryegate. He m. Sept. 4, 1851, Sarah
E. Moore, a member of his congregation at Gower, Ont. While living
at So. Ryegate, diphtheria broke out in his home in April, 1865, and
swept through the town, and in the short time of 19 days days three
of their chil. died, which was followed in June by the death of two
infant daus. Mrs. McDowell survived her husband 12 yrs., an invalid
most of the time, living with her children in Brooklyn ; she d. Dec. 11,
1907 ; bur. at So. Ryegate.

Samuel H. ,2 (W. J.,i) b. Kemptville, Ont.; came to Ryegate with parents;
attended Newbury Seminary two and one-half school vrs. In employ
of E. & T. Fairbanks & Co., St. Johnsbury, 1865-'73'; ent. Packard
Bus. Coll., Brooklyn, N. Y., grad. there; connected five yrs. with
Manufacturers National Bank, Brooklyn ; is now paying teller of the
Bowery Nat. Bank, N. Y. City. Member and ruHng elder in Rose St.
Pres. ch., Brooklyn, and Asst. Supt. of Sunday school; member and at
one time president of the Eastern Dist., S. S. Association, and now
one of the managers of the Brooklyn Sunday School Union. He m.
1882, Marion J., dau. Prof. Geo. L. A. Martin, principal of one of the
Brooklyn public schools. Chil. Marjorie, May, Helen Martin, and

Wm. John.

McFARLAND.

Robert McFarland and Jane his wife and children, John, Duncan, Robert,
Donald, and Jean who m. John Gray of Ryegate, came from Buch-
anan parish, Scotland to America and Barnet, in 1775. They settled
on the farm occupied in 1860 by the widow of Wm. Aiken, where both
died. She is bur. in Old Scotch cemetery, Ryegate. This record is en-
tirely by Mr. Mason. Robert and Donald went to Canada and d.
there ; John d. in Ryegate. Duncan worked some years for his broth-
er-in-law, John Gray, and died suddenly in a tavern, while he and
Mr. Gray were on their way to Boston with loads of produce ; bur. in
Old Scotch cemetery with his mother.

JoH.N, 2 (Robert,!) m. 1781 in Ryegate, by Rev. Peter Powers of Newbury to
Rachel Bailey of Peacham, He d. Oct. 6, 1806, aged 61, on the home
farm where he lived.
Children :
i. James, 3 b. 1782; m. Sarah Flagg; went west.

420 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

1 ii. John, 3 b. 1783; m. Ruth Fuller.

iii. Anna,3 b. March 2, 1785; m. Cyrus Bailey,
iv. EHzabeth,3 b. 1787.
V. Kobert,3 b. Feb. 1790 ; went west.
1 John, 3 (John,2 Robert,i) m. Ruth Fuller of Barnet, who was brought from
Scotland by Alexander Stewart in 1809.
Children :
i. Phebe,* b. 1811 ; m. in 1857, Calvin Aiken,
ii. William.4 b. 1813.
iii. Robert,* b. 1816.
iv. John,*b. 1820; d. y.
V. Henry,* b. 1823; went to California.

McKEITH.

"Duncan McKeith informs his son Thomas hereby, that the lots which his
father subscribed for are payed and that all his father's family are in
health, also that his brother George has now been at the College of
Glasgow and gives great promise of his learning.

David Allan to James Whitelaw, Renfrew.

Aug. 10, 1781."

In the Bond of Association, Duncan McKeith is given as a " Flaxdresser at

Gateside, Parish of Inchinnan." His son Thomas b. Oct. 14, 1756;

came to Ryegate, 1775 ; served in the Revolutionary war ; rem. about

1783, and became one of the first settlers of Topsham. clearing a farm

on what is now called Currier Hill. Covenanter and elder in the Ref.

Pres. ch. at Topsham. He was a man of great worth of character,

and was called Dea. McKeith. He m. 1778, Sarah, dau. John Hasel-

tine of Newbury (b. Haverhill, Mass., Oct. 19, 1757; d Topsham, Jan.

12, 1825.) He d. May 17, 1823; buried on Currier Hill. He built

1813, a house, which was burned Jan. 28, 1911.
Children :
i. Pearl, 2 or Margaret, b. Ryegate. Nov. 30, 1779 ; m. May 8. 1800, Joseph

Rogers of Topsham.
ii. Sarah, 2 b Ryegate, Sept. 6, 1781 ; d. Topsham, June 13, 1810.
iii. Mary, 2 b. Topsham (the 1st ch. b. there) Oct. 1, 1783 ; m. April 24, 1800,

Caleb Wilson. Their dau. Mary ni. Walter Miller Brock, q. v.
iv. Betsey, 2 b. April 16, 1786; m. Moses Wallace; descendants have lived in

Ryegate.
V. Catherine,2 b. April 5, 1788; m. Peter Martin of Newbury; d. Piermont,

N. H.. April 24, 1871. Dea. John D. Martin, who d. at Haverhill, N.

H., Jan. 9, 1910, was their son.
vi. Duncan, 2 b. March 9, 1790; d. Aug. 29, 1864, Newbury; m. 1st, Mary

l^age of Corinth. Duncan M. Corliss, who m. a dau. of Edward

Miller, was his gr. son.
vii. Thomas, 2. b. June 21, 1705; d. Peacham, Mav 31, 1827; physician,
viii. John, 2 b. Dec, 28, 1797 ; d. July 31. 1817.

McKINLEY.

James 1 b. Paisley, Scotland, 1755; silk weaver by trade; came to America,
1792, landing in Boston, where he remained several years ; in Ryegate
one season, then went to Chester, N. H., where he m, Jenney McDuffie
(b. 1765; d. 1855). She was a descendant of John McDuffie who went
from Scotland to Ireland in 1613, and of his son John and " Matchless
Martha," his wife, so famous in the siege of Londonderry, 1689.

"James McKinley was of slender frame and delicate constitution, yet he en-
dured the toil ol a new country for 47 years. A quiet man, not given
to political or religious controversy, but a steadfast member of the
church. His wife was robust and renowned for her exploits in spin-

GENEALOGY — MCKINLEY. 421

ning and weaving. There was 10 years between their death, both
Hving to be 90 yrs. of age. His father was one of the Scotch Co., he
had his land, still owned in the family, south of the Corner." — Mason.
Children : The 1st b. in Chester. N. H.. the others in R.
James 2 b. May 4, 179+ ; m. Lois Carter.
John, 2 b. Mav 15, 1795; d. 1816.
Hugh, 2 b. Oct. 5, 1796; m. Esther Gilchrist.
iv. Dan. 2 b. Nov. 17, 1797; d. in infancv.
V. William, 2 b. Feb. 17, 1799.
vi. Lois, 2 b May 12, 1800; d. in infancy.
vii. Agnes, 2 b; April 16, 1801 ; m. Noah Doe, q. v.
viii. Jean.2 b. Oct. 22, 1802 ; d. y.
ix. Robert, 2 b. Sept. 4, 18o4.
X. Margaret. 2 b. Oct. 8, 1806.
xi. Thomas. 2 b. July 26. 1808; d. June 12, 1894; m. Joanna Mills who d.

March 10, 1881 ; bur. in Walter Harvey cemetery.
William, 2 b. Feb. 17, 1799; farmer on homestead. Hem. Jan. 13, 1842,
Jean, dau. William Orr (b. Nov. 2, 1809; d. ). He d.

i. Margaret,3 b. Nov. 19, 1842.

ii. William, 3 b. July 11,1844; farmer on homestead; m. Ch (1) Jennie,^

m. Jesse Alger; lives in Newbury. Several children. (2) William P .,*

b. i881; on homestead; m. Jan. 26, 1911, Ruth Ellen Morrill. Ch.

Rubin Florence, d. in inf.

iii. Jane,3b. May 16, 1846; m. Feb. 16, 1867, Frank Lambert of Ballou,

Ont.
iv. Elizabeth, 3 b. July 13, 1848 ; killed by lightning Aug. 1, 1857.
V. Mary,3 b, March"31, 1851.
vi. John> b. April 15, 1854.

McKIRAHAN.

Rev. Joseph A., b. Belmont Co., Ohio, the 11th of twelve chil., and the 8th of
nine sons of John and Eliza [Porterfield] McKirahan. John McK.,
and his bro. Thomas m. sisters, Eliza and jane Porterfield; both
reared large families, each furnishing five soldiers for the Union army
in the Civil war. John and Eliza McKirahan were m. in 1830 and
lived together 64 yrs., both having completed 88 yrs. of age at time of
deaths. Three of their sons became ministers — Wm., now Principal of
Norfolk Mission College, a mission school for the Freedmen main-
tained by the United Pres. ch., M. F., Chaplain of the Kansas State
Reform School for Boys, and Joseph A. The latter was reared on a farm,
educated at Geneva and Monmouth Colleges, graduating from the lat-
ter 1877, and took his theological course at Xenia (O.) Theo. Sem.
Principal of Frankfort Acad., Frankfort Springs, Pa ; of Lincoln
Coll.. Greenwood, Mo., and of Gannett Normal Ins., Gannett, Kansas.
Ord. 1889 by the Pres. of Gannett. Pastor at Emporia, Kan., Sioux
City. Iowa, and Cincinnati, O., building up new congregations in the
two last mentioned cities. Came to Ryegate, 1905. Ins. pastor of
United Pres. ch. at Ryegate Corner, Jan. 1906.

McLAM.

This name was formerly spelled Mucklewham, and later Macklam, the pres-
ent spelling being adopted about 50 yrs. ago. William Macklam of
Kilmarnock, Dunbartonshire, Scotland, m. Margaret Wilson of Strath-
blane. Their son John,i b. 1780, a farmer, m. in 1802, Catherine Lid-
die of Strathhlane at Glasgow, by Rev. .Mr. Banks. They came to
America in 1832 with their 11 chil., landing in New York. They came
to Barnet, lived in Peacham one year, then bought the James Moore
farm in Ryegate, north of Blue mountain which is now a pasture.

1

2

ii.

3

iii.

4

iv.

V.

vi.

vii.

viii.

422 HISTORY OF KVEOATE, VERMONT.

John McLani and wife were received to the Ref. Fres. ch. in Ryegate,
June 12, 1834, by certificate from the Relief ch. in Scotland; he was
soon chosen an elder, an office held by several of his descendants. He
d. Oct. 18, 1860; she d. July 13, 1876, in her 99th year; bur. in Wal-
ter Harvey ceni. They had 62 gr. children. A reunion of the descend-
ants of John McLam has been for a few years, a notable annual event
in Ryegate, and has been strongly influential in promoting the famih-,
and drawing its members together.

Children all born in Scotland.

William. 2 b. Dec. 17. 1802.

Andrew, 2 b. Dec. 2, 1804; d. fan. 1, 1869; m. Jane Russell.

John, 2 b. Jan. 12, 1807.

James, 2 b. Nov. 12. 1809.

Jane,2 b. Oct. 12, 1811; d. Peacham, Feb. 10,1895; m. Wm. Young;
they joined the Associate ch. in Barnet, 1882.

Margaret,2 b. Nov. 13, 1813; m. James. 3 (John. 2 James, i) Whitehill, q. v.

Catherine, 2 b. Nov. 2, 1815; m. Wm. Hunter, q v.

Ann, 2 b. April 9, 1818; m. William, 3 (John, 2 |ames,i) Whitehill.
ix. Robert,2 b. March 27, 1820; served in Co. G. 6th Vt., in the Civil war;
m. 1st, Mary Ann, dau. John Holmes; she d. Feb. 19, 1889, aged 72.
2d, widow of David Caldwell, who d, May 18, 1896. He d. Ryegate,
Feb. 11, 1895.

5 X. Walter,2 b. May 23, 1821.

6 xi. Alexander,2 b. July 29, 1824.

1 William, 2 (john.i) b Dec. 17, 1802; came to America with parents; farmer

and with most of his family, Covenanters. He m. Nov. 21, 1839, by
Rev. Wm. Pringle. Janet, dau. Theophilus McLure (b. Oct. 8, 1808; d.
Jan, 20, 1887). He d. Jan. 3, 1887, aged 84 years.
Children :
i. John Theophilus,3 b. Jan. 14, 1841 ; d. Sept. 8, 1844.
ii. Infant son, 3 b. Nov. 17, 1842.

iii. Jannett Irene,^ b. Jan. 5. 1844; d. June 30, 1864.
iv. Martha l.,3 b. Oct. 6, 1845 ; d. June 5, 1863.

7 V. WilHam T.,-^- b. Nov. 19, 1847.

vi. James Beattie.3 b. June 10, 1849; d. May 30, 1874.
vii. Thomas Smith, 3 b. March 29, 1851 ; d. Sept. 5, 1898.

2 Andrew,2 (John,i) b. Scotland, Dec. 2, 1804; m, Jane Russell (b. Scotland,

Jan. 26, 18J3). Lived with his father — then on the James Smith farm,
in Topsham. He d. at the home of his bro. James, Jan. 13. 1869; she
d. Feb. 26, 1863 ; bur. Walter Harvey cem.
Children :
i. John,3 b. Feb. 13, 1833; d. Dec. 7, 1855.
ii. James, 3 served in the the Union army ; d. Bradford, Vt.
iii. Andrew, 3 m. Eliza Ward ; res. Charlestown, Mass. Deacon in a Coven-
anter church.

3 John, 2 (John,i) b. Jan. 12, 1807; m. March 9, 1837 by Rev. James Milligan

Mary, dau. Theophilus McLure (b. May 27, 1811; d. May 21, 1897.)
They were members of the Ref. Fres. congregation at Ryegate until
the organization of the Barnet congregation. He d. Feb. 8,1882;
bur. at Ryegate Corner.
Children :

i. EHzabeth Catherine,3 b. Dec. 12, 1837 ; m. Archibald Whitehill, q. v.

ii. James Milligan,3 b. Oct 13, 1839 ; ed. at Mclndoes Acad. Went to Cal.
in 1861, via the Isthmus of Panama; mining and teaching; had a fine
literary taste, especially for poetry and some of his unpublished work
is preserved. He d. San Jose, Cal., April 6, 1866, and bur. at Center-
ville. He was the last child bapt. in R. by Rev. James Milligan.

8 iii. John Knox,3 b. June 16, 1842.

CO

o

00

^'SRARY

GENEALOGY — MCLAM, 423

iv. Robert Gilbert ^ b. Aug. 4., 1844; ed. Mclndoes Acad. In store of Mr.
Button at Mclndoe Falls some time; enlisted in U. S. Navy, Jan. 11,
1864; d. at Naval Hospital, Chelsea, Mass., of inflamation of the
brain, Feb. 3, 1864; bur. in Naval cemetery, Chelsea.

9 V. Walter T.,3 b. Sept. 6, 1846. '

vi. Andrew Jackson, 3 b. April 9, 1848; rem. to Cal., res. in different parts of
the state; res. for many years at Los Angeles, where he runs a livery
and sales stable. He m. Nov. 16, 184.8, Ella J. Cross. Ch. Leonora,*
who grad. at the Normal School and is a teacher in the schools at Los
Angeles.

10 vii. Alexander W.,3 b. Feb. 18, 1850.

viii. Mary Ann Sophronia,3 b. March 23, 1852; d. July 28, 1873; m. Robert
H. Gates, q. v.
ix. Margaret Jane,^ b. March 27. 1855 ; m. at St. Johnsbury, Sept. 7, 1881,
by Rev. W. R. Laird, Fred Munroe Walker of Lempster, N. H. Res.
since July, 1883, Somerville, Mass. He d. Dec. 31, 190<). Ch. (1)
Ruth Marguerite,* b. Oct. 7, 1893. (2) Elsie Gordon,* b. June 17,
1896.
X. Jennette Sophia,3 b. Jan. 8, 1858 ; m. March 9, 1882, Osmand B. Hull of
Ackworth, N. H. Went west in 1890; lived in several states. Were
in San Francisco during the earthquake and fire of 1906, losing nearly
all their property; have since res. in Los Angeles. Ch. (1) Arthur
Leroy,* b. Jan. 1883 ; d. 1884. (2) Nettie Irene,* b. Nov. 25, 1884.

4 James, 2 (John,i) b. Scotland, Nov. 12. 1809. He m. Agnes, dau. Archibald

Leitch (b.l816; d. Jan. 26, 1874). He d. Dec. 10, 1882; bur. in Wal-
ter Harve3'ceni. They were members of Ref. Fres. ch. in which he
was ord. elder, Nov. 25, 1857.
Children ;
i. Mary Jane,3 b. Aug. 28. 1837; m. William B., 3 (William, 2 William, i)

Gibson, q. v.
ii. Isabel 3 b. May 24, 1839 ; m. James M. Doe, q. v.

11 iii. James R. ,3 b Nov. 24, 1841.

iv. Elizabeth, 3 b. May 2, 1844; d. Nov. 18, 1852.

12 V. Joseph B., 3 b. Jan. 13. 1849.

13 vi. John A. ,3 b. March 10, 1852.

vii. Agnes L.,3 (twin to John A.,) d. Jan. 14, 1873.
viii Sarah E ,3 b. May 9. 1854; m. Fred H. White, q. v.
ix. Margaret L.,3 b.Oct. 1, 1858; m. Charles E. Taplin, q. v.

5 Walter,- (John,i) b. Scotland, May 23, 1821; came to America with par-

ents; m. by Rev. J. M. Beattie March 4, 1847, Caroline M. Covell (b.
in Vt., Nov. 12, 1824). They went to Michigan, 1857; res. Palouse,
Wash., where he died.
Children :
i. John A ,3 b Jan. 22. 1848 ; d. Jan. 22, 1869.
ii. Eniihne,3 b. Dec. 6; d. Dec. 10, 1849.

ii. Eveline,3 b. Dec 6, 1849; m. Dec 20,1884, Abraham Harvey. No chil-
dren,
iii. Eleanor Sophronia,3 b. Nov. 12. 1850; d. Dec. 6, 1852.
iv. Franklin C.,3 b. March 14, 1854; res. Palouse, Wash., real estate owner
and candidate for state senator 1896 on the silver Republican ticket,
being defeated by six votes ; now in postal service. Hem. Sept. 12,
1877, Phoebe A. Williams. Ch. (1) Ward W.,* m. Sept. 6. 1900.
Minnie Cox. Ch. Lloyd, Alva. Leveta. (2) Walter C* (3) Leon-
ard C*
V. WalterF.,3b. June 4, 1856 ; d. Get 31,1879.
vi. Eleanor J. .3 b. Aprin6. 1859; m. March 22, 1885, AW Little. Ch.

Andrew (dea.,) Frank. Blanche,
vii. Ruby A. ,3 b. Sept. 12, 1862; m. Jan. 8, 1880, J. W. Lazell. Ch. Curtis,

Glen, Hazel,
viii. Dency V ,3 b. April 16, 1864; d. May 7, 1870.

424 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

6 Alexander,^ (John.^) b. Glasgow, Scotland, July 29, 1825; came to America

with parents, rem. 1845, to Ontario, and settled at Scarboro, near
Toronto, removing to Kincardine, 1869. He m. Nov. 2, 1848, at Dun-
das, Ont., by Rev. Andrew Bell, Jane Armstrong (b. Ancaster, Ont.,
June 25, 1827; d. Kincardine, Ont., Jan. 4, 1901.) In 1905 he went
to live with his youngest dau. at Mineota, Manitoba, where he d.
April I, 1911.
Children :
i Mary ]ane,3 b. Sept. 1, 1849; m. March 21, 1871 at Carrollton. 111.,
James Mungall (b. Falkirk, Scot.,) and res. there. Ch. Harry,* (dea ,)
Jennie,* William,* James,* Jessie,* Robert,* and Collville. They have
8 gr. chil.

ii. Catherine,^ b. Gait, Ont., Nov. 11, 1851 ; m. at Unexter, Aug. 15, 1868,
John G. Tremaine, who d. Listowell, Oct. 21, 1882; rem. to Detroit,
Mich., and res. there. Ch. Emerson,* Lizzie,* (Mrs. Hume) Adam,*
(dea.) Myrtle,* (Mrs. I'ell) and Florence,* (Mrs. Burns.)

iii. Adam, 3 b. a'alt. Ont., [an. 18. 1854; d. Kincardine, Jan. 24, 1871.

iv. John, 3 b. St. Jacobs, Ont., Dec. 26,1855; m. 1st, at Palmerston, Ont,,
Aug. 4, 1873, Elizabeth Ann Kettlewell. who d. at Kincardine, Sept. 24,
1897. He m. 2d. 1899, Minnie Amey, half-sister of 1st w. Res. Kin-
cardine, Ont. Ch. by 1st m. Maggie,* William.* George,* Mary,*
Austin,* Wrennie Ernest,* Merle,* Thomas,* (dea.), Benton,* (dea.)
By 2d m. Lloyd *

v. Ellen, 3 b. Gait, Ont., Dec. 21, 1858 ; m. at Kincardine, Jan. 3, 1890, Dan
Norman of K., where they res. 1 dau., Clara.*

vi. Jennet 3 b. Gait, April 1, 1861; m, at Kincardine, Feb. 1, 1887, John
Long; res. Brussels, Ont. Ch. Willis,* and Winnie,* living; Vernie.*
(dea )
vii Frank A. , 3 b. Waterloo, Ont., Dec 4, 1862; ni. at Buffalo, May, 1870,
Sarah Brummer, who d. He m. 2d, Annie Ferris; res. Ripley, Ont.
No children,
viii. William G..3 b. Maryborough, Ont., Feb. 15, 1866; m. at Buffalo, N. Y.,
Feb. 1897, Susie Johns of Huntsville. Ont.; d. Buffalo, Feb. 21, 1903;
bur. Kincardine, where his widow andchil.. George,* Cecil,* and Alvin,*
res.

ix. Lydia,3 b. Maryborough, March 1, 1869; m. Oct. 14, 1905, at Winnipeg,
Thomas Conway of Miniota, Manitoba. Ch. Myrtle Riella.*

7 William Theophilus,3 (Wm.,2 John,i) b. Nov. 19, 1847; in Cal. one winter;

farmer on homestead 1882-'98; in the latter year with his bro.
Thomas he bought the Waterman Wright farm, known as Fair View ;
has held all town offices and was town representative in 1900. He m.
by Rev. Wm. Bruce. Jan. 7, 1869, Ella Letitia, dau. Wm. F. Gibson (b.
Jan. 7, 1851). Members with all their chil. of Un. Fres. ch. of which
he is session clerk.
Children :
i. Anna Belle,* b. Aug. 18, 1870; grad. St. Johnsbury Acad.. 1894; teacher
there till m. Sept. 27, 1899, Lawrence Preston Leach, merchant at St.
Johnsbury (b. Raynham, Mass., son of James and Susan Leach).
Members of No. Cong. ch. St. J.
ii, Nellie May,* b. Sept. 18, 1874; grad. St. J. Acad. 1896; teacher in St.
J. one year; milliner; m. Jan, 7, 1909, Royden Winthrop Cheney (b.
Glover, Vt., son of R. H. and Nellie [Burroughs] Cheney; grad. Har-
vard Univ , 1901 ; assistant manager Mutual Life Ins. Co., N. H.,
and ytX Res. Manchester. N. H.

iii. WiUiam Lloyd,* b. May 16, 1877; attended St. J. Acad. 2 yrs.; m. Oct.
15,1902, Jessie Margaret, dau. John Davidson (b. Topsham). Res.
Calgary, Alta. Ch. (1) Dorothv Ella,5 b. St. Johnsbury, Sept. 23,
1903; d. Post Grad. Hospital, N. Y., Oct. 18, 1908. (2) Jessie Mar-
garet,^ b. July 6, 1907 ; d. same day.

iv. Carlotta Pearl,* b. April 30, 1882; d. Oct. 23, 1905.

GENEALOGY — MCLAM. 425

V. Olive Joy,* b. Feb. 7, 1884.: grad. St. T- Acad,
vi, Grace Ruth,* b. Feb. 21, 1887; grad. Smith College. 1910.
vii. Julian Dales.* b. Nov. 16, 1889; grad. St. Johnsbury Acad., 1907; Dart-
mouth College, 1911.
S John Knox, 3 (John, 2 John.i) b. June 16, 1842; res. in Concord, N. H., now
in Douglas. Kansas, since 1879; mem. of Ref. Pres. ch., Ryegate. He
m. 1st, at Wells River, Dec. 24-, 1864, Mary Jane Clark, who d.

Children :
i. Charles Eugene,* b. Oct. 15, 186.5 ; res. Concord, N. H. ; blacksmith in

B. and M. car shops. He m. Nov. 7, 1889, by Rev. Chas. W. Bradley,
Carrie Bell Thompson (b. June 10, 1870). Ch. (1) Pliny Eugene,5 b.
Sept. 21,1890. (2) Theodore Plumer.s b. Jan. 29, 1894, (3) Otho
Charles.s b. May 28, 19U6.

He m. 2d at Concord, May 2, 1870, Rhoda Bonnett. who d. there
May 14, 1872 ; bur. Ryegate. He m. 3d, March 20, 1879, by Rev. D.
C Paris, Agnes Shields.

Children :
ii. George Ernest,* b. Oct 3, 1881.

iii. Mary Edna,* b. April 18, 1883 ; m. June 19, 1907, George E. Weber,
iv. Margaret Eleanor,* b. Aug. 2, 1885 ; m. 1910 C. W. McCamon.

9 Walter Theophilus,^ (John, 2 John.i) b. Sept. 6, 1846; ed.Peacham Acad.;

went to Concord, N. H.,Feb. 3. 1868, emp. seven yrs. in N. H., Asylum
for the Insane, five as steward and clerk ; one year in meat and gro-
cery business, under the firm name of Deming & McLam ; five yrs.
bookkeeper for Wood worth. Dodge & Co.; three yrs. clerk and book-
keeper for J. Frank Hoit; seven yrs. bookkeeper for Clapp & Co.,
Founders; became partner in, and 13 yrs. treasurer of Concord Foun-
dry Co.; now connected with Concord Foundry and Machine Co. He
m. Ryegate, Nov. 21, 1872, by Rev. John Bole, assisted b^^ Rev. Jas.
M. Beattie, Margaret Arabella, dau. James R, Park.

Children :

i. May Belle,* b. Ryegate, Feb. 13, 1874 ; ed. public schools, Concord. N.
H.; grad. Boston Univ., 1897, with deg. of A. B.; teacher three yrs. in
Spaulding High School, Barre, VI.. since in Concord; one year in 9th
grade of Kimball School; four yrs. principal of Eastman Grammar
School; now teacher of history in Concord High School

ii. Ernest Nelson,* b. Concord, N. H., Aug. 18, 1877; ed. Concord schools
and Smith's Business College; entered employ of B. & M. R. R., 1897,
in train despatcher's ofiice at Concord; assistant agent at Sunapee,
N. H.; agent and P. M., Henniker June; agent, W. Andover; assistant
agent, Contoocook.

10 Alexander William, ^ (John, 2- John.i) b. Feb. 18, 1850; farmer on the orig-

inal purchase of John 1 which he boughtfrom his father John, 2 in 1881,
and in 1894^ the [ames McLam farm from J. A. McLam. He m. June
6, 1876, by Rev." D. C. Paris, Jane Shields of Peacham (b. July 14,
1848.)

Children :
i. Carlyle Shields,* b. March 2, 1877; grad. Peacham Acad. 1900; one year
in Geneva Coll ; farmer with his father; m. Sept. 27, 1911, by Rev. D.

C. Paris, Kate A. Atwell, (b. Peacham, July 2, 1878; grad. Peacham
Acad., 1908, and later of N. J. Normal Sch. at Trenton ; teacher 6 yrs.
in N.J.)

ii. Linwood Allen,* b. Nov. 28, 1878; ed. Peacham Acad., one year in busi-
ness course there; emp, one and a half yrs. by Boston Elevated Rail-
way ; went to Seattle, Wash., 1904 ; now on farm there.

iii. Vida Ernestine,* b. Dec. 1, 1880.

iv. Winifred Jean,* b. Aug. 3, 1882; grad. Peacham Acad. 1904; teacher.

426 HISTORY OF KYEOATE, VERMONT.

T. Alexander McLeod Milligan,* b. Nov. 18, 1884; erad. Peachani Acad.,
1904; grad. Geneva Coll. 1909; he m.at Olathe, Kan.. Sept. 12, 1911,
Orlena C. Aiken, (b. Olanthe, Kan.. July 8, 1884; 2 yrs. in Geneva
Coll., and later a teacher in the Indian Mission of the Ref. Pres. ch. in
Oklahoma.)

vi. Agnes Ellen,* b. Nov. 10, 1888; grad. Peacham Aead., 1908.
Mary Elizabeth,* b. Sept. 29, 1891 ; student in Peacham Acad.

11

James Ren\yick,3 (James, 2 John.i) b. Nov. 24, 1841 ; ed. Com. Sch., McI.,
and Peacham Acads. In Boston some yrs. ; located at TopshamJaii.
1, 1869; merchant and undertaker; town clerk and treas., 22 yrs.,
supt. of schools 5 yrs., lister 10 yrs. ; justice of the peace 12 yrs.; ass.
judge of Orange Co. Court 4 yrs. ; chairman of Rep. Co. Com., 4 yrs.,
town Rep 1882; Senator from Orange Co. 1908-'09. He m. by Rev.
J. M. Paris, Feb. 1, 1871, Susan J., dau. Daniel Wormwood of Rye-
gate, q. v. Members of United Pres ch., Topsham.

Children all born in Topsham.
i. Elmer D.,* b. Sept. 6, 1872 ; d. Nov. 30, 1886.

ii. George L..* b. June 5, 1874; merchant at Topsham. He m. July 3, 1805,

by Rev. S. A. Jackson, Ida F. Morrison of T. Ch. (1) Alice A., b.

Dec. 30,1895; (2) Hazel ].,^h. Dec. 12, 1897. (3) Norman W.,5 b.

Aug. 24, 1889. (4) Wendall R.,= b. June 17, 1907.

iii. Cora J..* b. July 2, 1875; m. May 29, 1901, Winthrop T. Jackman of

Corinth. Ch. Lawrence M.^, b. June 14, 1908.
iv. Agnes M.,* b. March 10, 1884. Postmistress at Topsham.

12 Joseph B.,^ ( James, 2 John. i) b. Jan. 13, 1849; res. Topsham; farmer, hold-

ing town offices; elder in the Pres. ch. He m. Nov. 5, 1874, Ruby A.
Bell of Danville, P. Q.

Children :
i. James F.,* b. Aug. 27, 1875; m. June 5, 1901, Kate R. Willey of T. Ch.

James Wilbur, ^ b. March 12. 1903.
ii. Charles E.,* b. Feb. 28,1881; m. Nov. 29, 1906, Bertha dau. Geo. R.

Hall of T. Ch. (1) Marion L., 5 b. May 27: 1906. (2) Inis May.s b.

Oct. 17, 1907.
iii. Louisa J..* b. Sept. 29, 1877; m. Sept. 1902, Rodnev F. Willard of Mont-

pelier. Ch. (1) Ruby,^ [Willard] b. Nov. 6, 1803. (2) Christie,^ b.

June 3, 1905. (3) John Jay,^ b. Aug, 30, 1910.
iv. Harry C.,* b. Feb. 21, 1884; m. Oct. 9, 1907, Ella Mav Hood of T. Ch.

Donald Clifford, ^ b. March 24, 1910.

13 John A. ,3 (James,2 John,^) b. March 10, 1852; farmer in No Ryegate till

1887 when he bought the " Old Corner Store," where he has since been
engaged in a general mercantile bus.; is also town clerk and Mrs.
McLam is postmistress ; was for seven yrs. an elder in the Ref Pres.
ch.; they attend the United Pres. ch. of which all their chil. are mem-
bers. He m. Oct. 3, 1876, by Rev. D. C. Paris, Martha, dau. Robert
Dickson.

Children all born in Ryegate.
Alice E.,4 b. Mav 27, 1877 ; d. April 8. 1899.
Orpha I. ,4 b. March 8, 1880 ; attended St. J. Acad., 1887.
James Clarence.* b. Sept. 26, 1881 ; grad. Phillips Andover Acad., 1904;

Dartmouth Coll., 1910.
John Leslie,* b. Sept. 12. 1887; grad. Goddard Sem. (Barre, Vt.,) 1910;

entered Michigan Univ. 1910.
Robert Knox,* b. Nov. 17,1889; student St. J. Acad., 1908-09 ; grad.

Goddard Sem., 1910 ; entered Mich. Univ , 1910.
Clara Alida,* b. May 18, 1898.

GENKAUOGY — MCLAUGHLIN. 427

Mclaughlin.

This name was originally McLachlin, but the present spelling is usually as
above.

William McLachlin came from Perthshire, and was one of the company who
came from Scotland under the leaderhip of Col. Alexander Harvey.
He was one of the 1st settlers in Peacham arriving there in June,
1775, and made his pitch where Lewis C. McLachlin now lives. His
sons were John, Archibald and Peter.

Archibald, 2 (William,!) came with parents to Peacham ; m. Christian Mc-
Kinley, and their dau. Mary b. Barnet, 1783, m. William Bachop,
q. V. '

Peter, 2 (William, 1) b. Scotland, March 10, 1774; came to Peacham with
parents, settled in Groton ; town representative 1813—17. He m. bv
Kev. David Goodwillie, June 9, 1808, Isabel, dau. Wm. Neilson (b.
Ryegate, 1785 or 1786; d Groton, Nov. 14, 1881.) He d March 21,
1852 ; bur. on their farm in Groton.

Children all born in Groton.
i. Christian, 3 b. July 16. 1809; m. Oct. 3. 1850, by Rev. Wm. Pringle,

James M. Heath of Groton.
ii. Jane,3 b. Oct. 28, 1811; d. July 3. 1853; m. Moses Plummer, Jr. of

Groton.
iii. MarY,3 b Aug. 30, 1814; d. July 17, 1862 ; m. James McLure, q. v.
iv. Nancy, 3 b. May 21, 1818; d. Aug. 14, 1868; m. March, 1848, John D.

Stewart (b. April 20, 1819; d. Grass Vallev. Cal., Aug. 1, 1869).
V. William. 3 b. Sept. 30, 1820,
vi. Isabel, 3 b. Dec. 7, 1823 ; d. Tune 11. 1857.
vii. Hannah, 3 b. May 31, 1827; d. July 1, 1836.

John, 2 (William,! ) b. Scotland, 1770; came to Peacham with parents. He
m. Dec. 3, 1801. Marv, dau. James Whitehill (b. Scotland, 1779; d.
Peacham, Jan. 18. 1856.) He d. Feb. 5, 1845 ; bur. in Walter Harvey
cem. Members of Ref. Pres. ch.

Children all born in Peacham, except one.

Marv 3 b. Nov. 8, 1802.
Tane>b. May 24, 1804.
Ehzabeth,3 b. Groton, April 5, 1806.
iv. Nancy,3 b. April 5, 1808.
V. Archibald, 3 b. Jan. 5, 1810; d. April 3, 1888; m. June 26, 1848, Mary A.,
dau. Nathan and Lois [Rowell] Thorn, (b. Candia, N. H., Nov. 10,
1823).
vi. John,3b. Dec. 1811; d. 1813.
vii. Anna,3b. Nov. 6, 1813; d. Oct 1, 1847.
viii. John, 3 b. April 9, 1816.
ix. Susan, 3 (twin to John); m. Gardner Whitehill; d. April 15, 1880.
X. James, 3 b. Oct. 24, 1818.
xi. William. 3 b. June 5. 1821.

William, 3 (Peter,2 William, i) b. Sept. 30. 1820; farmer in Groton; town
rep. 1854, '55, '56. He m. 1st. April 17, 1851, Janet E., dau. James -
(James i) Whitehill (b. Jnlv 3, 1831 ; d. March 3, 1862.) 2d, Nov. 13,
1862 bv Kev. W. H. Reed, 'Elizabeth M., dau,, Dea. John Smith (b.
Dec. 9, '1836.) He d. Ryegate, Sept. 3, 1892.

Children :

Peter.* b. Jan. 28, 1852.
lames,-* b. Oct. 24, 1853.
John Bole,* b. 1856; d. April 12, 1858.
"David,* b. Nov. 6, 1859 ; d. Feb. 2, 1862.

428 HISTORY OF RYEGATI-:, YERMONT.

B3' 2d marriage :
V. Mary E .* b. Aug. 13, 1864; in. April 23, 1891. fames Vanceof Ryegate;
res. Boltonville. Ch. (1) Edith E ,5 [Vance] b. Dec. 24.1893. (2)
Ethel E.,5 [Vance] b. June 9, 1896; d. Dec. 10, 1902. (3) Julia M.,5
[Vance] b. July 27, 1905.
vi. Edwin Knight,* b. May 20, 1868; res Boltonville.

2 Archibald, 3 (John, 2 William. i)

Children :
i. Harrison,* b. May 8. 1849; res. Peacham ; m. Susan, dau. Rev. F*. N.

Granger. Ch. (1) Alice S.^ (2)MaryE.5
ii. Alice M.,* b. Mav 22, 1851; m. Charles B. Dubois; res. Nashua, N. H.

Ch. (1) Clarence A. 5 (2) Anna M. 5
iii. Lewis C.,*b. June 3, 1853; res. Peacham; m. 1st. Jennie A. Dean (dea. )

Ch. (1) Clyde C. 5 (2) J. Stanley. ^ He m. 2d. Elizabeth Needham.
iv. Lucia C* (twin to Lewis) m. Allison N. Daniels of Waterford (dea.)

Ch. (1) Bertha M s (2) Carl A. 5 (3) Benjamin E.s
V. Knight LaughHn * b. March 22, 1857 ; d. Dec. 19, 1861 .
vi. Loella,* (twin to Knight L.,) m. Benjamin Manchester, q. v.

3 Peter,* (Wm..3 Peter,2 Wm.,i) b. Jan 28, 1852; m. Feb. 8, 1875, Lucy Ann,

dau. Thos. McKinley (b. Barnet, Sept. 8, 1845; d. April 29, 1886).
He d. Jan. 29, 1887.
Children :

luliaK ,5 b. Tune 24, 1878.
"Wm. T.,5b. Oct. 17, 1880.
Clarence R.,5 b Sept. 18, 1883.
iv. Ralph B.,5 b. March 31, 1886

McLEOD.

Alexander,! of Glasgow, Scotland, m. Marion Pendre. They had six sons,
James, William, Robert, Alexander, John and Magnus.

Robert,^ b. Glasgow, Oct. 8, 1831; came to Am. 1849, and worked at his
trade, a machinist, in N. Y. city; went to Australia 1852. and m. at
Balarat, Aust., 1834, Margaret, dau. Andrew Wylie, and gr. dau. of
Wm. Buchanan (b. Paisley, Scot., Feb. 14. 1832.) Ret. to Am. 1857,
lived in Ryegate a short time, then bought the Robert Renfrew farm in
Newbury. Rem. to Burlington, Kan , in the early '80s. He is still an
active man, an elder in the Pres. ch. Mrs. M. d. at Denver, Col., May
30, 1901 ; bur. at Burlington.
Children :
i. Marion Pendre,^ b, Balarat, Aust., May 23, 1855; came to Am. with
parents; teacher in Leadville, Col., also in Bradford and Woodsville.
She m. Newbury, Oct. 31, 1893. Wm. H. Gray of Ryegate, q. v. Res.
Burlington. Kan. Ch. (1) Matthew Robert,* b. Dec. 9, 1894 ; now
in Dartmouth Coll. (2) Harry Douglas,* b. June 13, 1898.
ii. Lillian B.,3 b. at sea, on board ship "Morning Star." while coming
round Cape Horn, March 12. 1857; teacher; m. 1885, Cyrus Snow;
res. Texas. Ch. W^ylie M.,* Walter D.,* Annie [.,* Robert S.,* Helen
C*

iii. Robert Douglass, 3 b. Newbury, Oct. 9,1858; grad. Mich. Univ., 1888 ;
lawyer at Leadville, Col. Judge in City Court. He m. Jan. 1900,
Helen T. Stebbins of L.

iv. Andrew A. ,3 b. Newbury, Jan. 12. 1861 ; d. 1863.

V. Flora B..3 b. N., Dec. 14, 1863; teacher; m. Manfred Frazer of Leadville.
Ch. Margaret *

vi. Annie N ,3 b. N. Dec. 26, 1866; music teacher; Burlington, Kan.
vii. John W.,3 b. N„ June 2, 1869 ; d. in inf.
viii. Wm. N.,3b. N.,Oct. 29, 1862. Res. Chilicothe, Mo,

GENEALOGY — MCLURE. 429

McLURE.

Theophilus,! b. County Down. Ireland, 1751. He belonged to the patriot
army in 1798, was apprehended and confined two years in jail before
his trial by court martial. His wife visited him m jail every week,
not knowing but each time might be the last. He was sentenced to
leave the country and settle either in New South Wales or North
America; they came to America in 1 799, lived in New York a few
years and learning that several of his compatriots had settled in Rye-
gate, they bought land of the Scotch Co. and settled in Ryegate on the
farm now owned bv C. H. Taplin, between South Ryegate and the
Corner, where he d' June 30, 1838, and she d. Oct. 23, ISiS. Her
name was Elizabeth Findley. Members of the Ref. Pres. ch. Bur. at
Ryegate Corner.
Children :
i Elizabeth, 2 (called Betty,) b. Ireland, March 25, 1795 ; d. March 13, 1884-.

1 ii. John. 2 b. Jan. 18, 1798.

iii. William, 2 b. New York, April 2,1801; m. by Rev. Jas. Milligan, March
18, 1830, Mary Smith; the^- had one son Theophilus ; they went to
Missouri long ago ; members of the Ref. Pres. ch.

iv. lean, 2 b. R3'egate, Feb. 20, 1804; m. Thomas Smith, q. v.

2 V. James, 2 b. April 2, 180Q.

vi. Janet, 2 b. Oct. 8, 1808 ; m. W'illiam McLam, q. v.
vii Mary. 2 b. May 27, 1811; m. John McLam, q. v.
1 John, 2 (Theophilus, i) b. Co. Down, Ireland. Jan. 18, 1798; came to America
with parents. He bought the farm near Boltonville where his gr. son
Charles H., lives; he owned and conducted a brickyard, which was
halfway between the farm buildings and Boltonville, where he made
brick as late as 1858; he was a prominent man, holding all town
offices and was town representative in 1847 and 1848. Covenanter,
but became one of the original members of the Ref. Pres. ch. at So.
Ryegate, and chosen elder there; he built a nice brick house (after-
wards burned) where the buildings now stand. S. S. Supt. over 20
yrs. He was m. April 2,1829, by Rev. Jas. Milligan, to Irena Learned
(b. Colebrook, N. H., June 20. 1807; d. April 9, 1876). He d. April
26. 1S76; bur. at So. Ryegate.
Children :
i. Elizabeth S., 3 b. Sept. 2, 1830; m. Julv 4, 1854, William W. Carson; d.
in Chicago, Sept. 2, 1901. Ch. (1)' Alice Irene,-* b. Aug. 3, 1855; m.
1st, Louis Hose Penteado, a Brazilian. She m. 2d, H. Whitcomb.
(2) John Alden,4 b. ?ept. 9, 1856 ; injured by a R. R. train and d. from

its effects, Aug. 3, 1885. He m. who d. Dec. 6, 1883.

ii. Marilla J..3 b. July 1, 1832; m. Nov. 17, 1853, Charles R. Bailey (b. New-
burv, Mav 20, 1827 ; killed on the M. & \V. R. R., Sept. 28, 1873.)
She' d. Oct. 28. 1896. Ch. (1) Sophronia M.,* b. Newburv, Oct. 8,
1859; ad. to Oxbow Chapt. (D. A. R ) July, 1907; m. Jan.'l2, 1892,
Charles M. Libbey (b. Lowell, Mass., Feb. 27, 1857; came to So. R.
1893; station agent 1893—1901; now in coal and wood bus.; pres.
Blue Mt. Telephone Co., 3 yrs., 1907-'09; pres Vt. and N. H. Ind.
Tel. Ass., 1909-11.) (2) Charles John,* b. July 20, 1867; res.Gro-
ton ; station agent since Jan. 1895; has held several town offices;
town rep. 1902. He m. July 27, 1892, Mary E. Adams of Chelsea,
Mass.

3 iii. James T. H.,3 b. March 7, 1835.

iv. Mary Jane,3 b. Dec. 12, 1838; m. Dec. 14, 1866, Charles N. Paige (b. Jan.
14,1842.) Ch. (1) Viola Jessete.-*b. April 4. 1867; d. May 31. 1883.
(2) Una Alloise.-i b. Aug. 20, 1868; m. Henrv Fortune. (3) John Mc-
Lure.-i b. Aug. 17, 1874 ; d. May 27, 1883.

V. Sophronia IVI.,3 b. June 10, 1842; m. Oct. 25, 1865. DeWitt Tousley (b.
April 10, 1834.) Both are deaf-mutes. Mr. Tousley began to learn
the printers trade in 1851. and now after 61 years, is still at his
"case," a competent workman. He is much in demand for making

430 HISTORY OF KYEGATE, VEKMONT.

addresses at meetings of deaf mutes. Res. Le Sueur, Minn. Theirchil-
dren are normal. Ch. (1) Clark Sherman, -i^ b. Sept. 25, 1866; m.
Sept. 6, 1892, Eunice A. Lockhart (b. Sept. 25, 1870.) Ch. (a) Hor-
ace Winfield,5 b. Jan. 28. 1894. (b) Elizabeth Irene, ^ b. Nov. 3, 1895.
(c) Albert Sherman, 5 b. Sept. 3. 1899. (2) Orr JohnDewitt,* b. March
25, 1875; m. Aug. 22, 1906, Marion Johnson. Ch. Orr DeWitt,5 b.
June 13, 1907.
vi. Martha C.» b. March 20, 1844; m. Jan. 14, 1885, Archibald Park; she
d June 30, 1897.

2 James, 2 (Theophilus,i) b. Ryegate, April 2, 1806; farmer, succeeding his

father. He m. March 5, 1840, Mary, dau. Peter McLaughlin (b Gro-
ton, Aug. 30, 1814; d. July 17, 1862). She d. Feb. 7, 1874; bur. at
So. Ryegate. They were members of the Ref. Pres. ch. at So. R., in
which he was an elder. The chil. all rem. to Cal. after the death of
their parents.
Children :
i. Eliza Jane, 3 b. Feb. 5, 1 841 ; m. Andrew J. Miller, q. v.

ii. Peter McLaughlin, 3 b. Feb. 2, 1843; went to Cal. 1863; in bus. San
Francisco and became wealthy, but lost heavily by the disaster of
1906; has a country place on Russian River. Hem. Sept. 29,1883,
Mrs. Lucena (Clark) Cumraings, who crossed the plains with her par-
ents in 1864. No chil.

iii. John Finley,^ b. Feb, 10, 1844; went to Cal. 1866; farming and dairying
in Santa Cruz; ret. and res. Lampoc of which town he is a trustee.
He m. Aug. 3, 1874, by Rev. H. S Willie, Fannie L. Hall. Ch. Besides
2 who d. in inf. (1) Winnie,* (Mrs. Hoist) who has a dau. Leona.
(2) Blanche (Mrs. Schuyler).

iv, Maria Isabel, 3 b. May 24, 1846; m, 1st. Archibald Park of R. Went to
Cal., and m. June 14, 1882 by Rev. Mr. Field, Richard Griffin of Lam-
poc. Ch. Bertha and George.

v. William James, 3 b. Jan. 12, 1S50; went to Cal., in the early '70's; in
dairying some years ; res. San Francisco ; has never m.

vi. Henry Nelson, 3 b, July 17, 1 853 ; went to Cal. 1874 ; farming at Lampoc.
1875-'88; removed to San Francisco, grading contractor ; he m. Jan.
1, 18S7, Amy Hodges of Lampoc, who d. 1899. Ch. One dau. who
m. Gordon Chamberlin of San Francisco,
vii. Harriet Violette,3 b. March 16, 1855 ; went to Cal. and m. Feb. 1878.
Henry Martin, who was in the hotel business. She d. suddenly, Aug.
1, 1878; bur. at Lampoc.
viii. Mary Lillie.3 b. June 25, 1862 ; went to Cal. and m. Nov. 16, 1878, Hor-
ace, s. of Judge Heacock. U. S. Com. at San. Francisco ; she d. May 4,
1894; bur. at Lampoc. Ch. (1) Edwin Russell,* who is m. and has
three sons, Horace, Homer and Howard. (2) Nathaniel Estee,* who
is m. (3) Horace Peters.*

3 James Theophilus Henderson, 3 (John.a Theophilus.i) b. March 7, 1835;

enlisted June 17, 1862 Co. G, 9th Vt.; dis June 6, 1865 at Fort. Mon-
roe; farmer on homestead till 1891 when he rem. to So. Ryegate. He
m. Sept 23, 1858, Mary Ann, dau. George Nelson (b. Nov. 2, 1834).
He d. Nov. 6, 1908. Members 1st Pres. ch., So. Ryegate.
Children :

i. Charles Herbert.* b. Sept. 8, 1859 ; farmer on homestead ; has held many
town offices. He m. Sept. 26, 1883, Nellie, dau. Wm. Allen of New-
bury. Ch. (1) Frank P. ,5 b. Oct. 17, 1884; electrician; res. Newbury.
He m. Sept. 3. 1906, Louise Tullar of Vershire. Ch. (a) Charles
George,6 b. March 9. 1909. (b) Clifford Frank, 6 b. Jan. 25, 1912.
(2) Joy, 5b. Aug. 15, 1891; grad. Randolph Normal School. 1908;
teacher; she m. Dec. 17, 1910, Olin Bemis of E. Haverhill, N. H. Ch.
Madaline Charlotte.^ b. Dec. 6, 1911.

ii. Lizzie J.,* b. Feb 3, 1862; d. May 8. 1877.

ii. Myrtie J.,* b. Nov. 10, 1869 ; d. Oct. 8. 1883.

V. Infant,* b. June 13 ; d. June 21 , 1878.

^»':^'^P*l?**3Kr4^Mv>'

JOHN MCCLURE.

JAMES T. H. MCCLUKE.

GENEALOGY — MEADER.

431

MEADER.

John Meader, the ancestor of all of the name in thiscountry, so far as known,
was born in 1630; came to this country about 1650 (tradition says
from Yorkshire, England;) lived at Oyster River near Dover, N. H.,
was taxed 1661-77; his garrison was destroyed in 1694 ; his name
appears among the settlers of Essex and old Norfolk in 1653 and in
the Dover Town records in a rate bill dated July 21, 1657. John
Meader, Senior, and his son John Meader, Junior, signed a petition
Feb 20, 1689 for protection and government.

Samuel Meader, i a descendant of John the pioneer, through John Jr., Nicho-
las, and Daniel whose wife was Mary Harvey, was b. in 1745 and was
30 yrs. old when he served in the 6th, Poor's Regiment, two months
and ten days in the Revolutionar}' War, his service dating from May
27. 1775. Tradition says he fought at Bunker Hill. He married Ruth
Hill and moved from Barrington, N. H. to Vermont.
His children were as follows :

1 i. Samuel^ b. d. 1843.

2 ii. Stephen,2 b. July 27, 1779 ; d. July 3. 1855.

3 iii. Daniel. 2 b. Oct. 21, 1782; d. Mar. 19, 1872.
iv. Deborah. 2

V. Lydia,2 m. Joshua Otis and moved to the west,
vi. Betsy, 2 m. Samuel Davis,
vii. Sally, 2 m. Andrew Lockey, a Scotch laird.
1 Samuel,2 (Samuel,!) m. 1st Mary Downs of Lyman, Me., and lived in the
north part of Ryegate 2d, Louisa Higgins.
Children :

Mary, 3 m. Granville Carleton.
Daniel, 3 b. 1794; m. Betsey Higgins.
Hannah, 3 m. Augustus Merriman and settled in .Addison, Steuben Co.,

N. Y.
Jerusha,3 m. Stephen Watkins and settled in Kirby, Vt.
Ruth, 3 m. Peter Woodcock. W a •! h ■
Samuel W.,^ m. Mary Harriman, ~* ,, , -,^ ,

By 2d marriage.

Andrew, 3 b. 1824; went to Massachusetts.
Lois W.,3b. 1826; d. 1909.

John Hanson, 3 b. 1832; m. Mary A. Fleming. 3 ch.
Stephen,2 (Samuel,!) b. Barrington, N. H., 1779; came to R. 1798 and m.

Sept. 18, 1799 Sally, sister of Jonathan Gates who d. and he m. 1812.

Mary, dau. Benjamin Bailey of Peacham. He was a tailor and served

in that capacitv in the war of 1812. Thev rem. to Wells River ab.

1822 where he d. 1855.

Children :

Hiram, 3 b. Jan. 20, 1800.
Eliza. 3 (Betsey,) b. May 27, 1802; d. 1823.

Louisa, 3 b. Oct. 16, 1804; m. 1st Everett Heath of Newbury and had ch.
Henry, who went to Australia and Maria S., who m. Abner Webber.
She m. 2d. William Webber father of Abner as 2d w.
IV. Ruth, 3 b. April 2, 1807; d. 1820.

v. Sarah B.,3 b. Oct. 28, 1809 ; went to New York state,
vi. Stephen, 3 b. Oct. 30, 1811 ; m. Lizzie Bard of Washington.

vii. Mary Ann. ,3 b m. John Lamphear of Wells River.

viii. Sally Maria.3 b. April 10, 1813; m. Peter M. Paul. 2d, Geo. Mason,
q. V.
ix. Franklin M.,3 b. April 3, 1815; m. Sarah Frost; lived in Mame and d.

viii.
ix.

suddenly in 1874.
Smith,3 b. Dec. 28, 1816; m.

Ida Parker of Danville.

432 • HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

xi. Nelson, 3 m. Elizabeth of Springfield,

xii. Mary Jane,^ m. John Kelley.

xiii. Harriet Eliza, ^ m. 1st, James Varnum ; 2d, Joseph Parsons.

xiv. Caroline A.,^ ni. Moses Gilpatricl<.

XV. Wm. Eames,3 drowned at Wells Kiver. 2 yrs. old.

xvi. Laura A. ,3 d. at b.

xvii. Victoria, 3 d. in cli.

3 Daniel, 2 (Samuel, i) b. Oct. 21. 1782; settled in Newbury; farmer and prac-

ticed law in small cases. He m. Nancy, dau. Nathan Avery and had
14ch.,who are all d. He d. March 19,1872. His son John A. b.
Jan. 30, 1813; m. Dec. 7, 184-3, Ann, dau. Capt. Wm. Page (b. Rye-
gate, March 22, 1816; d. Sept. 15, 1898). He d. March 6, 1897.

4 Daniel,3 (Samuel, 2 Samuel, i) b. in Maine, 1794; m. Oct. 16, 1821, Betsey*

dau. Peletial Higgins (b. Mav 20, 1802; d. Jan. 20, 1871). He d.
1862.
Children :
7 i. Granville Carleton,-*^ b, Oct. 12, 1822.

ii. Jacob D.,-*^ b. June 26, 1874; en. in the U. S. Army, and d. at Las Vegas,

N. M., in the Mexican war.
iii. Geo. W.,* b. May 15. 1826 ; d. June 26, 1852.
iv. Mary Jane,^ b. March 20, 1828; d. Oct. 1857; m. Seth F. Blackwell.

Ch. Louisa, Emma, Frances, Jennie, Geo. L.
V. Franklin,* b. March 20, 1830 ; d. Oct. 30, 1852.
vi. Mariah L.,-^ b. Oct. 26, 1832; m. Joel Carbee, q. v.
vii. Charles H.,4b. Nov. 2, 1834; served in Co. C, 11th Vt., in Civil war; d.

June 26, 1865.
viii. Ehza A..* b. Jan, 26, 1836 ; d. Nov. 30, 1854.
ix. Horace P..* b. Oct. 23, 1838 ; d. 1886.
X. Franklin,* b. March 2, 1840; d. Aug. 20, 1862.

5 John H. ,3 (Samuel, 2 Samuel, i) b. 1832 in R.; worked in Manchester, N. H.,

as a stone mason; m. there, 1857. Mary Ann Fleming (b. May 1,
1838, near Dublin. Ireland, who came to Am. at the age of 15). They
came to R., he worked at his trade. Enlisted Aug. 1862 in Co. F, Col.
Berdan's Sharpshooters; d. June 9, 1863 from wounds received at
Gettysburg.

Children :
i. Andrew D.,* b. Aug. 21, 1858; d. 1879.

ii. Thomas A.,* b. June 3, 1860; com. sch. ed. with two terms at Newbury
Seminary. His widowed mother with three small chil. rem. from the
Corner in 1869, and bought the Wormwood place, where Edward Mil-
ler had lived, on the n. e. slope of Blue Mt. They cleared oft" a heavy
debt for farm and stock, and are successful farmers; dairying products
their specialty. Writer for the press on agricultural subjects many
yrs , and correspondent for county papers. Has held nearly all town
offices; elected Ass. Judge of Caledonia County Court, 1902 and 1904;
Deputy Sheriff, 1911 ; census enumerator 1900; trial justice, and has
acquired extensive legal knowledge; sec'y of Ryegate and Wells River
Valley Dairyman's Ass.; is a director of the St. Johnsbury Fair Ground
Co., and with his sister prominent members of Blue Mt. Grange.
Neither are m. and with their mother are members of Un. I 'res. ch.

iii. Jennie,* b. May 31. 1862 ; associated with her bro. in the management of
the farm. Also a writer for the press for a number of years.

€ Hiram Gates.s (Stephen, 2 Samuel, i) b. Ryegate, Jan. 20, 1811 ;m. Dec. 5.
1831, by Rev. Jas. Milligan. Phebe, dau. Jacob Hatch; lived where
Hugh G. Miller did afterward; rem. to Walden. 1837; farmer there
and d. May 27, 1872; she d. Jan. 1, 1866.
Children, the three oldest born in Ryegate.
i and ii.* Twins, b. and d. 1832.

GUNEALOGV— MEADEK. iSS

iii. William,^ b. Ma}- 21, 1833; ni 1st, Geor^ianna Berr\-. 2d, Lizzie
Thomas of Manchester, N. H , where he d. Sept. 6, 1882. 1 dau.
Alice 5

9 iv. Stephen Volnev,* b. April 23, 1835.

V. Martha, + b. -Nov. 21, 1846; m. 1861, Ira Woodcock. 5 chil. 3 dead
Rose 3 in Victor Roberts of Newbury ; Abbie ni. Wm. W. Bryant of
Westfield Vt
vi. Silas J.,* b. VValden, 1838; d. Nov. 5, 1865.
vii. Hiram N , -lb. 184-0; d. |ulv 3 1«63.
viii. Henry N.,+ b. 184-2; d. Aug. 10, 1865.
ix. Phebe A. * b. 1844- ; d Jan. 14, 1850.

X. Abbie E.,* b. Jan. 14, 1846; m. Calvin Lyford. No chil. Res. Sunset
Home, St Johnsbur^-.

7 Granville Carleton,* (Daniel. ^ Samuel,-' Samuel, i) b. Oct. .12, 1822 ; farmer,

spendmg the last 40 3'rs. of his life where Harry Nelson lives, near
Ticklenaked Pond. He m. Oct. 12, 1846, Elizabeth Augusta, dau.
Ellis Colburn (b. Shrewsbury, Vt., Aug. 9, 1822; d. R. Feb. 24,
1902) . Members of the Pres. ch. He d. May 20, 1900.
Children :
i. lulius Granville. 3 b. lulv 15, 1847; d. April 1, 1856.
ii. Charlotte EHzabeth.'s b. M ay 9, 1849 ; d. Jan. 4, 1851 .

8 iii. Lewis Hamilton, ^ b. April 27, 1851.

iv. Percy Ellis, ^ b. Newbury, April 7, 1853; went to Montgomery', Ala., con-
tractor and bridge builder; m. Jennie Sturm of Eugene, Ind. He d.
Dec. 5. 1905. Ch. Henry Carleton.
V. Luc\' Hale ^ b. Newbury, April 1, 1855; m. 1st, Edgar P. McAllister, q.
V. 2d, Wm. B. McMurrav of Montgomery. Ala., who d. there Dec. 5,
1905. One dau. Edna Lee [McMurrav] who ni. Oct. 12, 1910, Michael
Wright of Hartland, Vt. 3d, Oct. 14, 1910, Hannibal Spaulding of
Lvndonville.
vi. Lois Emily, 5 b. Sept. 29, 1857; d. May 7, 1859.

vii. Granville Ervvin.^ b. Dec. 16, 1859; larmer on homestead ; killed at the
R. K. crossing above Boltonville. Feb. 1909. He m. 1903, Rheuie B.,
dau. Hugh G. Peach. Ch. Elizabeth Juliette. ^
viii. Lois Elizabeth, 5 b. May 7, 1862; d. May 22, 1864.
■9 Stephen Volney.* (Hiram G ,3 Stephen, 2 Samuel, i) b. Ryegate, April 23,
1835; went to Pa., where he m. Priscilla Moyer, who d. May 12,
1909 ; ret. to Walden ; has been justice of the peace, postmaster, and
held other offices. Methodist. Now retired.
Children :
i. Hiram F.,5 b. Boalsburg, Pa., Nov. 15, 1862; res. Medford, Ore ; fruit-
grower; m. Dora Clay. Ch. William, Ralph and Ada.
ii George H. ^ b. Spring Creek, Pa., Nov. 20, 1864; drowned at Snohomish,

Wash . Nov. 20, 1892.
iii. Cora B., 5 b. Sept 3, 1865: m. Fred Gile, Walden, Vt. Ch. Helen, Ralph.
Carroll.

10 iv. Artie M..^ b. March 11, 1867.

V. Stephen v., 5 b. Junes, 1869; d. March 23, 1882.
vi. Phoebe M., 5 b. April 6, 1872; d, March 23, 1909; m. Nov. 22, 1896,

Bert McGinnis. Ch. Ellerv M,, Raymond, Priscilla.
vii. Lucretia L.,5 b. Jan. 8, 1874; m. Nov. 25, 1896, Victor W. Stuart of

Hardwick.
viii. Julia K..^ b. Aug. 1,1877; m. Fleming B. Milligan ; buttermaker, Walden.
S Lewis Hamilton, s (Granville C.,* Daniel ^ Samuel, 2 Samuel, i) prepared for
college at Peacham Academy and was grad. from Dartmouth College
inls78. He received his Ph. D. degree from Brown University in
1900, his thesis being, " The Council of Censors " a feature of the Con-
stitution of Pennsylvania a few years after its adoption in 1776 and
of the CtMistitution of Vermont until 1869, which was printed in the
Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biograph\'. He was principal

434 HISTORY OI- RYEGATE, VERMONT.

of the Peters Uh^h School, Southljoro, Mass., 1878-'79; Warren (R.
I.) High School 1S79-1886. Since 1886 he has iieen a grammar
school ]irincipal in Providence, R. I.; Pres. Providence Franklin So-
ciety. 1901-1911; Pres. K. I. Institute of Instruction. 1901-1902;
Pres. Sjirague House Association several 3^ears ; teacher in and Supt.
one year of Westminster Cong. S. S. He m. Aug. '2'A, 1881, at War-
ren. R. I., Mary GanimcU liavol.
Children :
i. William Gammell,^ b. April 17, 1883; grad. Brown Univ., 1905; mana-
ger and treasurer of the Attleboro, Mass., Trust Co. He m. April,
1910. Zerrie Fitz-Randolph Huntsman, who d. June 30,1911. Ch.
Elizabeth Blossom, b. May 23, 191 1.
ii. Lewis Hamilton, *> b. Jan. 25, 1886; grad. Brown I-niv. 1909; in forestry

bus. with Geo. Johnson & Son, Providence
iii. Percy Davol,^ b. Jan. 9, 1890; member class of 1911, Brown Univ.
iv. Margaret Gammell,^ b. Fel). 17, 1894; senior (1912) in I'rovidence Clas-
sical High School.
11 Aktik M.,5 (vStephen V ,* Hiram G..3 vStephen,^ SamueH) b Walden, Vt.,
March 11, 1867; res VVhittinsville, Mass.; carpenter. He m. 1st, Dec.
17, 1894, Nancy T-. dau. W. F. Hastie of Barnet [See p. 352] (b. Oct.
8, 1864-; d. Dec.^5, 1906). 2d, Aug. 20, 1908, Mrs Jennie (t. Bod-
well, dau. Geo. A Gibson cf Ryegate.
Children all by 1st marriage.
Raymond F.,6 b. Dec. 7, 1897.
Marian H.,« b. Alarch 15, 1899.

Marjorie D.,6 b. Nov. 30, 1901. '

iv. Kenneth L.," b. July 15, 1906.

MILLER.

There have been three Miller families in Ryegate, and then- records are given
in the order of their coming here.

Andrew Miller, son of James Miller, farmer in Chapel, came here from Barns
of Clyde, Parish of Kilpatrick, Dunbartonshire, Scotland, in 1786,
with Robert Brock, Senior, who m. his aunt, Jean Aliller. Elizabeth
Miller who m. James Nelson as 3d wife, came at the same time, and
is understood to have been his sister. Very little is known about him,
but he appears to have been agent for parties in Scotland, and was an
educated man who wrote an excellent hand and was more than once
chosen a committee to visit schools. Hem. in 1803, Margaret Mc-
Clary who came from the north of Ireland in the family of Rev. Wm.
Gibson. He seems to have been living here as late as 1812, but his
after history or that of his family is unknown. The names and dates
of birth of their children from the town records, are given here for
preservation,
i. James, 2 b. Jan. 20. 1804.

ii. WiUiam.-' b. Nov. 10, 1805; d. Oct. 3, 1806.

iii. Jean,-' b. Oct. 3, 1806.

iv. Robert, 2 b. April 10, 1808.

V. William, 2 b. April 29, 1810.

vi. Andrew, 2 b. June 29, 1811.
vii. Margaret, 2 b. May 29, 1812.

MILLER.
Alexander Miller Family.

Alexander Miller was a very prominent man in R3-egate for nearly fifty
years and the ancestor of a very large number of people. We are in-
troduced to him in a letter from William Houst(jn to James Whitelaw
dated at Sandisland, 7th May, 1784;

ROBERT MILLER.

A. A. MILLER.

^W

MRS. C, J. SHACKFORU.

A. ROBERT MILLER.

GENEALOGY — MILLER. 435

Alexander Miller, son in-law to David Allan, intends coniius; to Ryegate
the ensiling summer as proprietor of at least 13 lots. David Allan wishes
that you and James Henderson could clear about two acres at his expense on
the most convenient and fertile spots on any of the lots which you can for-
see will fall to his share. This will be a considerable advantage to him for
something of an earlier crop than he could have otherwise. The charges
Alexander Miller will paj' on his arrival in Ryegate.

He settled where George Gebbie lives and erected good lauildings.
Alexander Miller, b. Inchinnan, Renfrew, Scotland, who was, says
Ed\^ ard Miller, of the Millers of Calder, m. in 1 780, Jean, dan. David
Allan, b. Inchinnan, 1760. In 1 784-, with their two children, one of
whom d. at sea, they came to Am., reaching Ryegate Sept. 1st. Their
church certificate, dated at Inchinnan, IViay 1, 178+, was signed by
Archibald Davidson, minister, and Alexander Stewart, Session clerk;
they joined the Associate ch. on their arrival but withdrew from it
and united in 1800 with the Covenanters. In Scotland he had been a
quarrier and stone mason and in 1807, he with Allan Stewart, Robert
Gibson, Jonathan Page, John Craig, Ora VVilmot and Stewart Har-
vey, were engaged to get out stone for the State prison at Wind-
sor. He had charge for two seasons of the men who were getting out
the. stone on Mount Ascutney. In 1809 he bought land on Wells River
at what is now called the Quint place where he erected buildings and a
saw mill and a grist mill in which he made hulled barley. The localitv
was called "Miller's Mills" for man^^ years. Alexander Miller, says
Mr. Mason, was highly esteemed, and accounted a man of excellent
business judgment. He d. Feb. 12, 1835, aged 76, and she d. Feb. 22,
1839, in her 78th year. Bur. at Ryegate Corner.
Children : the 1st tw^o born in Scotland, the rest in Ryegate.
i. Margaret,^ b. Dec. 30, 1781; bapt. by Rev. Archibald Davidson; m.

James Akin, q. v.; d. Sept. 11, 1829.
ii. Robert, 2 b. 1783 ; d. at sea, Aug. 1784.

1 iii. John, 2 b. June 11, 1785; bapt. by Rev. John Houston.

IV. jean,-' b. Apr. SS; 1787; bapt. bv Rev. John Houston. (The Craig rec.
says b. April 1, 1787); m. John Craig, q. v.; d. Jan. 17, 1819.

V. Mary, 2 b. Feb. 15, 1789; bapt. by Rev. Thos. Beveridge ; m. Allan Stew-
art, q. v. . •• • • . •■ ■■ . .

2 vi. David, 2 b. Mareh' 26, -1791 ; bapt. by Rev. David Goodwillie.

vii. Janet, 2 b. Dec.- •^;~ 1792 ; bapt. l)y Rev. David Goodwillie; m. Josiah

Quint, q, v.
viii. Alexander.2 b. 1796; d. Aug. 1798.
ix. Elizabeth, 2 b. March 24, 1798; m. David White q. v.

3 x. William, 2 1). Dec. 10, 1799.

xi. Nancv,2 b. Oct. 19, 1801 ; d. Mav 17, 1830.

4 xii. Alexander,2 b. May 2, 1803.

xiii. Lillvas,2 b. March 11, 1804; m. James Lumsden, cj.v.

xiv. Marion, 2 b. April 29, 1807; d. Feb. 12, 1833; m. Wm. Hall, i\. v.

5 xiii. Robert,2 b. May 6, 1810.

1 Jon.N,2 (Alexander,') b. Ryegate. June 11, 1785, became a captain in the old
militia, and was called an excellent drill master. He lived at first in
north part of the town, later on the Page-Wormwood farm, and in
the winter of 1819—20 he moved to South Ryegate and put up build-
ings on the Newbury and Ryegate line. The farm is mostly in New-
bury, and he sold it in 1844, to Archibald Ritchie and moved to Gro-
ton where he d. Feb. 6, 1847. He was m. hy Rev. David Goodwillie
Sept. 17, 1807, to Margaret, dau. James Dunsyre (b. Edinburg, Scot.,
1791; d. Groton, Dec. 31, 1861). She was a tailoress by trade.
Capt. John .Miller was tall, broad shoiddered, of swarthy complexion,
and ver3' spare, over six feet in height. His mother was a remarkably
strong woman, would often carry a grist of wheat to mill, three miles,
leading John by the hand and when the child got tired she would put
him on top of the grist and carry both. When he became captain of
the militia he drilled the company' so well that it became the best in

436 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

the l)ri<i^ade in 1817 and 1818, and a few years later, at a l)rigade mus-
ter in Sutton was selected to escort duty for the field officers. Capt.
John Miller was in great demand as a manager of funerals. — Edward
Miller.
Children :
i. Alexander, 3 b. March 18, 1808; m. March 7, 1833, Mary Mackie; set-
tled in Newbury, and cleared a farm which he sold in 1848 to Andrew
Aitken, on Avhich the latter lived and d. in 1904-. Alexander Miller
reared a family, went to Wisconsin and d. there.

ii. James Roger, ^ b. Sept. 2, 1809 ; d. ab. 1832 or 33 at his brother Alexan-
der's.

iii. Margaret Ann (or Allan, 3) b. April 11, 1811; m. Feb. 25, 1843, H. N.
Stebbins of Newbury; d. March 16,1861; bur. at Boltonville. Sev-
eral ch.

iv. Jane^, b. Jan. 8, 1813; m. July 4, 1840, Win. Hubbard, who was sailor,
tailor and mason.

6 V. John, 3 b. Aug. 7, 1814.

vi. Marv.3 b. May 22, 1816; d. un-m. 1838.

7 vii. William, 3 b. Feb. 17, 1818.

viii. Ann C.,^ b. Jan. 11, 1820; m. James White, q. v.
ix. Janet, 3 b. Sept. 25, 1821 ; m. Joshua Littlefield, who was a captain in a
N. H., reg. in the Civil war; he saw hard service, was wounded while
leading a charge at the 2d battle of Bull Run, lay hidden with another
man seven days fed by a woman who brought them soup. He was
found and taken to Washington, where he d. in three days.
X. David, 3 b. April 12, 1823; served in the Union army in the Civil war.

V\'astwicem. No record.
xi. Robert, 3 b. March 18, 1825; d. Sept. 20, 1862.
xii. Eliza L., 3 b. April 1, 1827 ; m. 1st, Wm. Heath. 2d, a Mr. Mulberton.

Went to Oregon,
xiii. Agnes, 3 b. Aug. 11, 1829; m. Dr. Wm. H. Webster,
xiv. Isabel Grav,3 b. Aug. 21, 1831 ; m. George Hardy.

XV. Martha Helen, 3 b. April 14, 1833; m. Geo. Gilman, a R. R. engineer at
Reading, Mass.; d. Aug. 30, 18S3.
2 David, 2 (Alexander,^) b. March 26, 1791; owned and lived on the farm now
that of Frank Gibson on the Wells River road. The original buildings
stood on top of the hill north of the present ones. He m. April 28,
1809, Elizabeth, dan. John Anderson (b. Leshmahago, Scotland, 1789 ;
d. Dec, 19, 1868.) Ke d. Oct. 22, 1868 ; bur. So. Ryegate. Members
of Ref. Pres. ch.
Children :
i. Marion, 3 b. April 8, 1809; d. Nov. 19. 1841 ; m. George Dcmaldson, q. v.
John A.,3b. Sept. 3, 1810.
Alexander S.,3 b. Dec. 18, 1812.
Robert T.,3 b. Dec. 14, 1814.
David, 3 b. Feb. 16, 1817.
Winiam,3 b. May, 1820.

Janet L.,3 b. June 28. 1821 ; d. Feb. 28. 1826.
Iames.3 b_ Nov. 4, 1824; m. Jane Wheeler. No record.

"Anderson, 3 b. June 28, 1826; mill wright ; m. Jan. 23, 1850, Amanda S.,
dau. Kimball Page (b. R. May 8, 1826; d. Jan. 24, 1881). They
rem. to Littleton, N H.. 1853, where he d. |une ', 1894. No ch.
X. Gibson, 3 b. 1830; was m. twice; no record. Lived in Massachusetts,
xi. josiah W.,3 b. June 14; d. Oct. 5. 183?.
xii. Elizabeth, 3 b. Oct. 12, 1833; d. Dec. 5,1911; m. Orange G.Morrison,

q. V.
3 William, 2 (Alexander,!) b. Dec. 10. 1799; m. by Rev. James Milligan,
June 28, 1821 to Jane Jenness (b. Nov. 13, 1804.) He lived in several
places and d. at Brattleboro, Oct. 16. 1862, and bur. there. This rec-
ord is by Edward Miller, as none of the family can be located.

8

ii.

9

iii.

10

iv.

11

V.

vi.

vii.

viii.

ix.

GENEALOGY — MILLER. 437

Children:
1. Caroline, 3 b. Aug. 2, 1822; d. July 21, 1831.
ii. Sarah, 3 b. Newbury, Oct. 11, 1824; ni. at Lowell, Mass., Feb. 20, 184-6,

David Carruth, who d. March 16, 1887. 2 ch.
iii. William, 3 b. Sept. 5, 1826; m. March 22, 1856, Ann Elizabeth Ryan;

rem. to Lee Co., 111. 5 ch.
iv. Mary, 3 b. Jan. 5, 1829; d. Lowell, Mass., April 21, 1857.
V. Martha P., 3 b. Kyegate. April 13, 1831; m, March 16. 184-9, Solomon
Welch of (iroton and went to 111., where he d. and she m. 2d C. J.
Palmer and went to Nebraska.
vi. Caroline, 3 b. Sept. 30, 1833 ; m. a Mr. Smith who d. in Boston,
vii. Margaret H.,3 b. Aug. 20, 1836; d. Passumpsic, Feb. 7, 1857.
viii. Ruby Ann, 3 b. April 7. 1839 ; m. 1st, N. D. Goss of St. Johnsbury who d.
and she m. I'd. H. A. Boomer of Santa Cruz, Cal.
i.\. Charles 3 b. Nov. 4-, 1841 ; m, Mary Bishop.
X. Harriet, 3 b. March 28, 1844; m. August 16, 1862, Levi P. Parks of

Barnet and went west,
xi. George Lew is, 3 b. July 19, 1846; d. Passumpsic, June 4, 1865.

4 Alexander, 2 ( Alexander, i) b. May 2, 1803; settled on the south part of his

father's farm and put up buildings; the farm he sold in 1842 to Ed-
ward Miller Sr., where the late Edward Miller long lived. Drummer
in the Ryegate Light Infantry. He m. 1824, Jane, dau. James Cald-
well (b. March 3, 1804; d. Sept. 17, 1875.) They rem. to Barnet,
later to Lunenburg, where he d. Feb. 20, 1887. Members of the Ref.
Pres. ch. This record is also by Edwaid Miller.
Children:
i. Robert.3 b. Feb. 26, 1825; d. lulv 18, 1816.
ii. James, 3 b. Jan. 11.1827; d. Elkhart, Ind., March, 1891, He m. 1857,

Emilv Halley, who d. Jan. 1891. 2 ch.
iii. Martha' Jane. 3 b. Nov. 26, 1828; m. March 15, 1849, John Gilfillan of

Barnet. 2 ch.
iv. Alexander McLeod,3 b. March 31, 1831 ; m. June 4, 1857, Sarah J. Gil-

kerson. 3 ch. They lived in Barnet.
V. .\rchibald Johnson, 3 b. June, 1833; served in the army in the Civil war;

m. Louisa W. Kendall ; lived in Lunenburg,
vi. Christian, 3 b. Nov. 2, 1835 ; d. June 20, 1837.
vii. Mary Ann .\Iilligan.3 b. Jan. 9, 1838; m. Jan. 17, 1850, Geo. Kinne of

Passumpsic; she d. ah. 1867; chil. all dead,
viii. Rosannah,3 b. July 8, 1840.
i.\-. Thomas Jefferson, 3 b. Barnet, Dec. 28, 1843 ; enlisted Aug. 15, 1862. in
Co. K, 3d Vt.; prom, corporal, then color bearer; killed in the battle of
Winchester, Sept. 21. 1864..

5 Robert,- (Alexander.) b. May 5, 1810; farmer on the homestead until 1893;

prominent in town affairs; democrat. Hem. March 3, 1831, Marga-
ret, dau. Archibald Park (b. Sept. 13, 1808 ; d. Jan. 26. 1886.) He
spent his last years with his dau., Mrs. Nelson, where he d. Oct. 28,
1899. They celebrated their golden wedding in 1881 with all their
living descendants present.
Children :

12 i. Jackson Park,3 b" Mav 21, 1832.

ii. Abbie Henderson, 3 b." March 2, 1834; d. Nov. 7,1906. Slie was blind
for manv j'ears.

13 iii. Archibald Alexander, 3 b. Sept. 17, 1836.

iv. Nancy Jane, 3 b. Sept. 25, 1838; m. Jan. 20, 1871, Rot)ert Elms; she d.

March 18, 1911. One son, Frank G., also dead.
V. fulia Victoria.3 b. April 29, 1840; m. VVm. H. Symes, q. v.
vi. Margaret Isabella, 3 b. Sept. 25, 1842; m. Jan. 20, 1871, John A. Smith;

shed. Boston, April 11, 1885; bur. Mt. Hopecem.
vii. Caroline Jennette,3 b. Sept. 26,1847; ni. 1st, Carlos W. .Xelson, (|. v.

2d, 1902, John L. Shackford.

438 HISTORY OF RVKGATK, VKKMONT.

viii. John K., 3 Ij. March 27, 1852; in teaming and truckinji; Ijus. in Boston
some 3-rs. with his bro. A. A. Miller; ret. to the homestead. He m.
Dec. 1882, Emily, dau. M. R. Gray (b. April 24, 1856; d. Aug. 1902).
He d. March 7, '1899.

6 John,-' (John, 2 Alexander,^) b. on the Wormwood farm, Au,"^. 7, 1814-; m.

Ian. 7, 1840, Nancy, dau. of Enoch Nelson of Newbury (b. there June
29, 1821 ;d. Jan.' 21, 1866.) They lived in Groton from 1840 till
1866 when they rem. to Newbury and lived on her father's farm below
Boltonville. (Edward Miller says that two storv house ^yas l>uilt in
1828.) He m. 2d, Jan. 31. 1871, Margaret, dau.' lames Aiken (b. R.,
April 17, 1815; d. March 2, 1888.) He d. at Woodsville, 1S93. John
Miller with both his wives and five ch. are bur. at Boltonville.
Children :

i. Edwin G..-*^ b. Dec. 4, 1841 ; m. Alice A . Res Stuart, Iowa.

ii. Edgar.+ b. July 30, 1843; m. 1st, Martha, dau. Wm.,^ and Ann [Aiken]
Aliller (b. I'SoO; d. Aprils, 1883.) 2d, Lizzie dau. John Park, f|. v.
Res. Woodsville. No ch.
iii. Carlos, i h. May 18. 1844; d. Aug. 8, 1846.
iv. Chester, •* 1). Dec. 6. 184 6. Is m. atid lives at Stuart, Iowa.
V. Francis,^ b. Sept. 5, 1848; m. Rose Wilson of St. Johnsburj-. 2 daus., 1

son. Res. Springfield, Mass.
yi. Hubbard,^ b. Nov. 22, 1850. Farmer in the west,
vii. Warren,^ b. Nov. 17, 1852. Killed by a load of boards overturning upon

him, on the Wells River road, Dec. 27, 182S.
Viii. R(jger,-i b. May 22, 1855; d. March 4, 1872.
ix. Jennie H.,^ b. "May 25, 1857; m. Jan. 1882, Henry W. Salmon of Glover,
Vt. She d. Dec. 1894. One son, John Miller, ^ one dau., Jennie Belle. ^
Res. Glover, Vt.
X. Nelson J.,-* b. July 6, 1859 ; m. Belle Willis of Woodsville. 3 chil
xi. Leonard M.,-i b. Nov. 29, 1861 ; m. Lottie Collins of Woodsville 1 ch.

Earl,^ d. v.
xii. Hermon G.,-ib. March 11, 1863; d. Aug. 26, 1865.

7 WiLLiA.M," (John, 2 Alexander,!) b. Fel). 17, 1818; lived in Newbury, Ryegate,

Groton and Greensboro; disappeared from R. in Oct. 186.3. He m.
March 2, 1843, Ann Akin.
Children :
i. Charles F.,* b. Dec. 20, 1843; d. Sept. 20, 1862.

ii. Meroe Angelette,* b. Ma^^ 6,1845; m. 1st, Oliver D. Crozier. (|. v. 2d,
Wm. John Nelson.

8 John Alle.n.s (Oavid,^ Alexander.i) b. Rvegate, Sept. 30, 1810; lived with

his uncle Robert till he m. Oct. 29, 1840, Lydia Frost. He bought the
saw mill at So. Ryegate, living where Mrs. James Dickey- now does;
sold the mill to Walter Buchanan and l)ought in Newbury above W'm.
Nelson's to whom he sold; ret. to So. R. 1S50. and lived on the Allan
Stewart place; carpenter and Imilder. He d. Dec. 29, 1887; she d.
Aug. 15, 1877.
Children, besides four who died young.

i. Andrew Jackson * b. Ryegate, Oct. 4, 1841 ; served in the Union army in
the Civil war; m. Nov. 25, 1869, Eliza dau. James McLure; lived in
Newbury; went to Cal. 1873, and d. at Lampoc, June 2, 1879. Ch.
(1 I Hen'ry L.^ (2) Ida L.,^ who d. at 16. (3) Frank, s who is m. and
has a daG. Ella M.e

ii. George Frost,* b. Ne^v1)ury, Jan. 27, 1843; entered the s,ervice of the
Conn. River R. R., 1865, at Springfield. Mass. Identified with the
White Mountain traffic many years as conductor on the White Mts.
Express, and as general agent with headf|uarters at Fabyan's. " His
duties took him to all parts of the country, especially the south and
west, and to him perhaps more than to any other man do the White
Mountains owe their popularity as summer resorts." In 1900 he re-

GENEALOGY— MILLER. 439

signed his p:)sition. and after some time associated himself with the
Smith & Wesson Co. ot Springfield, from which he retired in failing
health in 190S. Was a prominent Mason. He m.
Ch.. Rena Estabrook. He d. May IS, 1911.

iii. John Adams.* b. Newbury Dec. 28, 1845 ; served in the Union army in the
Civil war. He m. July 4, 1878, Elizabeth, dau. John Salmon ; rem. to
Littleton, N. H., 1893; millwright; mem. Pres. ch. No chil

iv. Mary Stewart,* b Newbury, Oct. 24, 18t7; m. March 18, 1873, Leon-
ard Welch ot Peacham and d there Nov. 27, 1899.

V. Bradley Morrison,* b. Newbury, Feb. 22, 18.n0; res Des .Moines and
Chicago. He m. Margaret Chixrch ; d .March 2r>, 189S.

vi. Ella .Augusta,* b Kyegate. April 28, 1852 ; m. May 16, 1904. Daniel W.
Lane. His father was mayor of Manchester, N. H., and P. M. there.
The son was the 1st letter carrier in M.; afterwards connected with
the Merchants Nat. Bank and became cashier; prominent in business
circles. He d. at Bretton Woods, Sept. 29, 1910.
vii. Lydia Jane,* b. Ryegate, March 5, 1854; m. Dec. 18, 1873, George Enoch
Haseltine, a native of Newbury; res. Chicago. Ch. Mabel and
Blanche,
viii. Lizzie S.,* b. Ryegate, May 11. 1859 ; m. June 27, 1882. Frank G. West ;
lived at St. Johnsbury ; d. Jan. 14, 1893 and Mr. West later. One dau.
Bertha, 5 lives in Danville.

ix. David Franklin,* b. Kyegate, May 10, 1862, in grocery bus. in Chicago
manv vears, active in ch. and philanthropic work. He m. Oct. 14,
1910, Mahala S. Page ot Corinth He d. Oct. 3, 1911.

X. Robert, b. Ryegate. March 3, 1865; m. March 14, 1896. Phoebe Hortop
of Hespelier, Out. Res Adams, Mass. 2 chil.

9 Alexander S.,- (David. = Alexander, i) b. Dec. 18. 1812; blacksmith at the

Corner. He m. Maria [Hooker] wid. of Loammi Holt. Both d. and
bur. there.
Children :
i. Henrv C* served in the Civil war as Lieut, in Co. C, 3d Vt. Killed in

the battle of Cold Harbor,
ii. .Marv.* went to California and m. there,
iii. A child who d y.

10 Robert Twaddle, 3 (David, ^ .Alexander, i) b. Dec. 18, 1814; farmer on home-

stead. "An agreeable, industrious man." He m. Oct. 1861, by Rev.
N K. Johnston of Topsham, Mary A., dau. John and Margaret
[Hight] Harvev (b. Jan 1824; d. Nov. 11, 1891.) He d. Teeswater,
Ont., March 15,1894. Both bur. at So. R. Members of Ref Pres.
ch.
Children :
i. Alice T.,* b. April 12, 1864; edu. at Montebello Ins., New)3ur3', Peacham
and St. Johnsburv .Acad's ; teacher. She m. Nov. 23, 1886, bv Rev. J.
W. Flagg, Rev. H. W. Reede, q. v.

11 * David, 3 (David, 2 Alexander,^) b. Rvegate Feb. 6, 1817; carpenter; m. April

28, 1842. bv Rev. \Vm. Pri'ngle, Lillias. dau. Walter Buchanan (b.

May 1, 1820; d. Oct. 12. 1872). He rem. to Worcester, Mass., 1874;

farmer there ; m. 2d, April 20, 1876, Marv A. Flagg. Hed. Worcester,

Feb. 15, 1889.
Children :
i. Harriet Augusta * b. So. R., April 29. 1844; m. Plymouth, N. H., Dec 5,

1864, by Rev. H. F. Hazen, John McGowan.
Children :
1. John Birt,- [McGowan] b. So. R., Aug. 22, 1865; treas. BufFington Phar-
macy Co.. Worcester, Mass ; m. .Aug. 14, 1893, at Webster, Mass.,

Alice Tourtellotte.

By Miss Inalou Buchanan.

440 HISTORY C)F RYEGATK, VERMONT.

2 Lilly Jane, 5 [McGowan] 1). So. R., Aug. 8; d. Aug. 23, 1867.

3. Margary.s [McGowan] b. Worcester, Mass., May 20, 1871; gracL

Worcester Normal School ; teacher Worcester Public Schools till d.
Sept 9, 1911.

4. David Ernest, ^ [McGowan] b. Worcester, Nov. 5, 1873; conductor B. &

M. R. R.; m. at W., April 22. 1907, Alice Gertrude A. Bassett.

5. Walter Estes,^ [McGowan] b. Worcester, Oct. 14, 1S77; grad. Brown

Univ. Supervisor Central Scientific Co., Chicago, 111. Now with L. E.
Knott. App. Co., Boston.

6. Elmer Allison, & [McGowan] b. Worcester, March 27. 1881; clerk at

Worcester Co., Ins. for Savings. He m. at W.. Dec. 8, 1908, Mabel E.
Brissette. Ch. Elmer Allison,^ b. June 10, 1911 .

ii. Horace Buchanan,* b. So. R., Feb. 19, 1845 ; in teaming business in Bos-
ton, 1866 till death. Oct. 14. 1907. He m. Groton, July 31, 1865. Ro-
sette T. Darling. Ch. Lilly, s b Boston, July 5, 1869; grad. Insti-
tute of Technology, Boston; chemist there till m. Frank Kendall, civil
engineer; res. Helmont, Mass.

iii. Walter David * b. Groton, Vt.. June 16, 1846; engineer on Chicago and
St. Louis R. R. He m. at Cedarville, Pa., March 22, 1876, Belle Ful-
ton; res. Ft. Wayne. Ind.; retired.

iv. William James,* b. Groton, Aug 3, 184S; carpenter and farmer. He m.
1st, Annie Kelley (dea.) 2d, Mary Hallet (dea.) 3d, Flora Head
(dea.) Res. Brockland, Texas.

V. Herbert Watson,* b. So. R., June 20, 1856; teamster in Boston for his
brother; then in hotel and liverv stable business. He m. Boston, Aug.
30, 1878, Louise Webster; d. Boston, Sept 14. 1890.

vi. Lillias |ane * b. So. R.. Feb. 20, 1860 ; d. March 26, 1863.
vii. Infant son,* b. March 5, d. April 10, 1866.

12 Jackson P.,3 (Robert,2 Alexander i) b. May 21, 1832; farmer at W. Barnet,

also proprietor of grist mill there, and with his oldest son, the one at
Barnet village Member of Pres. ch., W. Barnet. He m. 1st. Oct. 3,
1S55, by Rev. Thos. Goodwillie, Caroline M., dau. James Hall, 2 (b,
Aug. 27, 1832; d. June 7, 1877.) 2d, Oct. 3, 1878, Clara, dau.
Moses Gates (b. Jan. 29, 1841; d.Jan. 12, 1907).

Children by 1st marriage,
i. Morris J.,* b. Jan 1,1857; res. Brockton, Mass.; m. April 21, 1891,
Margai-et ]. Glenn. Ch. (1) Agnes Ruth,5 b. May 30, 1894. (2)
Caroline Hall, 5 b. Feb. 22. 1896.
ii. Carrie Bell,* b Aug 24. 1863; d. Aug. 4, 1?65.
iii. Emma J.,* b. Feb. 28, 1865; m. John J. Rhodes, q. v.
iv. Robert J.,* b. March 7, 1870 ; res. Groton ; senior partner in the Miller &
Ayer Lumber Co. He m. Feb. 28, 1900, Marion L., dau. James M.
Doe.
V. Frank Elmer,* b. July 17, 1873; m. March 31, 1896, Harriet Cummings.
Ch. (1) Gladys Emma,* b. Nov. 14. 1896. (2) Frederick R. * b.
March 21, 1899.

13 Archibald Alexander. 3 (Robert, 2 Alexander,i) b. Sept 13. 1836; went to

Boston, 1859; in teaming and livery busniess till 1879; bought and
carried on the grist mill at West Barnet, till 1882; went back to his
old bus. in Boston; ret. to R. 1890 and bought of Robert Nelson,
" Long .Meadow Farm," on Connecticut river formerly called the "An-
drew Warden tavern stand." He m, Sept. 29, 1874, Ibbie Jean, dau.
Robert Nelson.

Children :

i. Blanche Nelson,* b. Dorchester, Mass., July 6. 1875; ni. J. R. W. Beattie,

q. V.
ii. Archibald Robert,* b. W. Barnet, Sept. 19, 1880; d. Concord. N. H., Dec.
30, 1902, from injuries received in the employ of the B. & .VI. R. R.

r.ENEALOGY — MILLER. 441

xMILLER.
Edward Miller Family.*

This family came from Erskine parish, Renfrewshire, Scotland, where the
Millers have lived for four hundred years or more and were farmers
there. The first ancestor whose name is certainly known was John
Miller, b. about 1650. Isabel, dau. of this John Miller was grand-
mother to Jean Stewart (b. 1734- ; d. 1826) who m. William Neilson,
one of the first settlers of R_vegate. From her the name Isabel has
been handed down in both .Miller and Nelson families.

II. David, son of John Miller, b. about 1680. Of him very little is known.
III. William, son of David, b. about 1714; he had sons William and Mat-
thew, perhaps others.

IV'. William, son of William, b. Erskine parish, 17-i7; was reared in Ber-
scute and m. 1775, Jennett, dau. Edward Hill. The name Edward
came into the family by him. The Hills were gardeners by occupa-
tion. Jennett Hill was b. in Paisley, 1747 and d. Feb. 23, 1840.
Their children were :
i. William, b. 1776; m. Jean Holmes and had sons. — William, b. 1806;

James, b. 1808; John b. 1812.
ii. Edward, d. young.

iii. Edward, b. Jan. 1, 1780, ((. v.

iv. Agnes, b. 1783; m. William Holmes and liad children — George, b. 1819;

William, b. 1822; Agnes, b. 1825.
v. Margaret, b. 1786. d. y.

vi. Jennet, b, 1789; m. David Miller as 2d w. They had a dau. Jennet, who'
m. David Taylor of Kilmalcolm parish.

Edward,! Miller b. Hadochstone, Erskine parish, Jan. 1, 1780; lived in that
parish till after he was 16, then in North Glen 24 years; left Scot-
land April 10. 1820, was six weeks on the voyage, landing at Quebec;
came via Montreal, Burlington and Montpelier, arriving in Ryegate,
July 9, 1820. John Barr came with him from Scotland. He bought
the Craig farm and the Harvey farm of John Cameron The former is
now owned by Charles E. F. Miller. Hem. June 5, 1822, by Kev.
David Goodwillie, Isabel, daii. Hugh Gardner, q. v. In 1831, he
bought the Allan Stewart farm of WilHatn Harvey. Toward the end
of his life he was a cripple from rheumatism. In per-on he was large
and tall, and his features, according to Hon. Robert Harvey, greatly
resembled Lafayette In Scotland he was a Free Mason. In Ryegate
he joined the .Associate Hres. ch. 1823, and continued in that relation.
He d .April 29,1865. His wife posse-sed great energy, decision find
endurance. Her father d. when she was 20 years old, and she carried
on for seven 3-ears after his death the farm now owned Ijy John H.
Nelson caring for her invalid mother, taking her to church on the Sab-
bath with an ox team. She carried on her father's farm, mowing l)y
hand, and generalh' taking a man's place in the field. After marriage
she not only took care of her house but wove and made liy hand most
of the clothes for the family. Member of the U. P. ch. (>5 yrs. She
was 1). April 12, 1795 and d. Oct. 30, 1878. The genealogy of this
familv is computed from Edward Miller, Sr., and except where noted
all births, marriages and deaths were in R3-egate and l)urials in Blue
Mountain Cemetery.
Children :
i. William,-' b. Feb. 14, 1813.

ii. Hannah, 2 b. May 25, 1824; m. John Gibson, q. v.
iii. Edward. 2 b. March 16, 1826.

* The earlier part is from information given in 18f!0 bv Edward Miller, Sr..to Edward
Miller, Jr.

442 mSTOKY OF RYEGATK, VERMONT.

3 iv. Uu}rh G.,-' b. Oct. 3, 1827.
4. V. John.- b. April 20, 1829.

5 vi. James,-' b [unolO, 1831.

vii. Marv |ennet,- b. April 28, 1833; d. Alav 16, 18r.4-,

6 viii. George A.,- b. Nov. 26. 1834-.

1 William, 2 (Edward, i) b. Feb. 14-, 1823; tanner on tlic Craig farm; mem.
with his wife of the United Prcs. ch , and a highly esteemed man.
He m. bv Kev. J. AIcArthur, Julv 13, 1852, Emilv, dan. James and
Elizabeth [Gibson] Warden (b. " Barnet, Aug. 2,'l81'J; d. Nov. 3,
1859.) He d. Nov. 10, 1863.
Children :
i. James Renwick,^ b. April 3, 1853; attended Peacham Academy; rem. to
Clarinda, Iowa, and m. there April, 1876 Marv Elizal)eth Berrv, who
d. Feb. 6, 1897; farmer,
ii. Charles Edward I'remont,-^ b. Feb. 17, 1857; farmer, owning the Craig
farm and other projDertv. He m. 1st, Oct. 7, 1898 Mrs. Erfie [CloughJ
Kolfe. 2d, Nov. 18, 1903, Mrs. Ida May Hook, dau. of George and
Mary [Rollins] Otis of Newbnry.

Edward, 2 (Edward, i) b. March 16, 1826; com. sch. edu. and Newbury Sem-
inary; taught winter school nine years with marked success. (See
chapter on Education.) He ni. March 18, 1852, EHza, dau. John
Gates (b. June 29, 1830; d. July 16, 1898). Her parents being dead,
at 11 yrs. of age, she went to live with her uncle, James Dunn, in the
n. e. part of Groton, and worked in the field the greater part of the
time till she came of age. She joined the Covenanter ch. July 5, 184-9,
and changed to the U. P. ch. alter marriage. "She was personally at-
tractive, and possessed in full measure all the gentler qualities of mind
and heart." They settled on the farm n. of Blue Mountain, where T.
A. iVleader now lives; rem. 1855 to Pickwick, Minn., intending to set-
tle there; ret. to Ryegate the next spring, and bought the Nicholas
White farm, on which he lived 10 years then bought the Alexander Mil-
ler farm on which he spent the rest of his life, erecting the present
house in 1875. Supt. of schools, three yrs., town auditor 20 \-rs.,
making the town report 14 \'rs., census taker and lister; town re])re-
sentative 1874-5, being the first man from R. in 20 3'rs. to introduce a
bill, it being one requiring all suits at law involving less than $30 to
be settled by arbitration. For the invaluable service he rendered in
collecting the annals of Ryegate and its families, see the introduction
to this volume. No one since General Whitelaw knew so well the plan
of the town, its surveys, bounds and divisions, and as a land surveyor
he was the main dependence of his townsmen. Correspondent for the
Vt. Union and other papers, many years. Few men ever knew a town
as minutely as he did Ryegate and its people. Joined the Asso. Pres.
ch., Oct. 7, 1852; chosen elder but declined to serve. He was a great
reader, taking special interest in history, local and general and came
to be regarded as pre-eminently the historian of his town. He d. Feb.
15,1900. He taught his children to fear God. get tlie I)est education
possible, and never be afraid of work.

Children :
i. Jane, 3 ( Jennie) b. Feh. 3, 1853 ; edu. at (iroton High Scho<jl ; teacher a
number of years ; attendent in various hospitals for the insane. She
m. Worcester, Mhss., Feb. 19, 1879, Duncan McKeith Corliss gt.gr.
son of Thomas McKeith, one of the 1st settlers of Ryegate (b. New-
bury, Jan. 20 184-7; policeman in IJoston, and officer in House of
Correction; settled in Piermont, N. H.; rem. to R., where he d. Nov.
27, 1900.) .She d. Feb. 26, 1896. Ch. (1) George Clement,^ [Cor-
liss] b. Jan. 16, 1880; m. vSept. 4 1902, LiUie Jane, dau. John H.
Svnies; farmer on the " Doe place," Dist. No. 1. Mem. U. P. ch. He
d' May 13, 1905. (2) Edward Miller,^- [Corliss] b. Oct. 13, 1885;

/^

EDWARD MILLER, SR.

MRS. ISABEL GARDNER MILLER.

^^

ELIZA GATES MILLER.

WILLIAM MILLER.

NEW YOKK

fi FOUNrJ*.TIOW».

(lENEALOGY— AIILLER. 443

edu. St. Johnsbury Acad., gvad. Ontario Veterinary College, 1907
with degree of V. S.; in practice at Plymouth. N. H. Member of U.
P. ch.

John Martin, 3 b. Feb. 24, 1855; attended St. Johnsbury Academy, rank-
ing among the highest of his class ; taught several winters ; farmer
and miner in California and .\rizona, 1878-'84; farmer for a number
of years with his bro. Hermon, then Ijought the Page place at the
Corner and res. there. Member of U. P. ch.

l\oselle,3 b. April 11.1857; attended Peacham .Acad.; m. 1st, Nov. 26,
1878, James Madison Boyce of Belmont, N. Y.; farmer (b. Belmont,
Oct. 10, 1851). Kem. to Monroe N. H., where he d. Aug. 10, 1904-.
Onech. Harlan Holmes,* [Bovce] b. Belmont, Aug. IS, 1881 ; d. Mon-
roe, July 3'), 1899. She m. '2d, Oct. 25, 1903. Isaiah Frost Page (b.
Groton. Vt., Feb. 3, 1851; grad. liastman Bus. Coll.; merchant, post-
master, town clerk and treasurer.) He d. April 24, 1911 ; bur. Mcln-
does. Alemljers U. P. ch., Ryegate.

Annie Margaret, ^ b. Sept. 17, 1859; attended Peacham Acad.; teacher;
m. 1st, May 21, 1878, Wesson Griggs Holmes, q. v.. of Harnet. He d.
May 8, 18S0. One ch., PhiHp Alexander,* b. B. April 4. 1879 ; d. May
7, 1881. She lived in Barnet. Matron two yrs. at Deer Island, Mass ;
grad. 1887 at the training school for nurses connected with the Mass.
Gen Hospital; trained nurse till she m. 2d April 30, 1890, Wilbur
Fisk Eastman of No. Haverhill, N. H. (b Haverhill, Oct. 20,1851
mem. I O. <). F. and S. A. R ) Member successively, U. P. ch.. Rye-
gate. Congregational ch. Barnet, M. E ch. No. Haverhill. Ch. Wilbur
Fisk,* [Eastman] b. Haverhill, May 21, 1893 ; student in High Sch.
Member M. E. ch.

Isal:)el,3 b. March 9, 1862;. attended Peacham Acad., lived with parents.
Member U. P. ch ; d. May 3.1 ," r898.

Hermon, 3 b Jan 22, 1864; attended Peacham .Academy; farmer and at-
tendant in hospitals for insane at Taunton and Northampton, Mass.
He m. Taunton, Mass., May 30, 1887, Alice .Abbie, dau Benj. F. and
Abbie A. '[Rob.inson] Simmons of Appleton, Me. (b A. Sept. 25,1864.)
Members wiUi_ t^ieir chil. of the U. P. Ch. Bought the original General
Whitelaw farm where he res. and calls Sunnvside Farm. Ch. Twin
daus. b. May 16, 1894. (1 ) Mabel Alice,* grad. 1911 in Wells River
High Sch.; now in Middleburv Coll. (2) Maude Eliza,* d. May 4,
1908.

Edward Sherman, ^ b. Feb. 13, 1866. Fitted for college at Peacham and
St. Johnsbury Acad.; attended Monmouth (111 ) Coll. and Harvard
Univ , each one year; grad Dartmouth Coll., 1893, A. M , in 1896;
teacher in ungraded and high schools in Vt. and N. H.; studied one
year in Medical and Dental Department, Univ. of Colorado ; grad.
1900 from Dental Department, Univ. of Marvland with degree ofD.
D. S. In practice, Woodsville, N. H. Ad. April 29, 1905. to N. H. Soc.
S. A. R. by descent from Josiah Gates, (|. v. Memlier of State Dental
Soc. Hem. lune 26, 1901, Edith Bethia, dau Wm. F. and Phebe
[Somers] Gibson (b. R.March 25.1865). Members U. P. ch.. Rye-
gate. Children all born at Woodsville. (1) Annie Bernice,* b. Julv 6.
1902; d. Julv 14. 1902. (2) Edward Gibson,* h. Oct. 10, 1904. "(3)
Carmen Edith,* b. March 5. 1907; d. Julv 7, 1907. (4) Elmer Sum-
ner Gordon,* Ix Nov. 13, 1911.

Mary [Maude] Ellen, 3 b. Jan. 20, 1868; ed. Peacham and St. Johnsbury
Acad's; teacher in R. and other towns; purchased the homestead, and
res. there. She m. 1st, June 28, 1873, Abram E. Low, q. v. 2d, Oct.
25, 1895, Matthew Cyrus Holmes, q. v. Both members of U. P. ch.

Hugh Burton, 3 b. Jan. 27, 1871 ; ed. Peacham and St. Johnsbury Acad'sl
went to Colorado for his health and d at Denver, April 26, 1896 ; bur.
at R. .Mem. U. P. ch.

Infant, twin to above; d. Jan. 28, 1871.

444 HISTORY OF kvi:cati:, vkkmont.

xi. Elmer Manton/^ 1). Feb. 25, 1878; grad. St. Johnsbury Acad.. 1894, Pres.
of class ; teacher in pulilic schools, Ryegate, and Groveton, N. II.,
where at the' risk of his life he saved from drowning an unruly boy
who had, contrary to orders, gone upon the ice in the river and broken
through. Studied medicine Dartmouth M.S., grad. at Baltimore Med.
Coll., 1898. Mem. Phi Chi Soc. In practice, Woodsville, N. H , also
a house officer of Cottage Hospital. Mem. of U. P. ch., I. O. 0. F., F.
A. and A. M.. U hite Mt. Med. Soc, and Am. Med. Ass. Town rep.
from Haverhill, iyU9-'10. He m. in Boston, June 22, 1898, Lillian
Estelle. dau Thos. and Elizabeth M. [Roddick] Ray, b. Nova Scotia,
Jan. 15, 1874; edu. Barton High Schools. She is an accomplished
musician.

3 Hugh Gardner, 2 (Edward i) b. Oct. 3, 1827; attended Peacham Acad.;

farmer and in younger da\^s a schoolmaster, often having 40 to 60
pupils; held several town offices, and was held in high esteem. He m.
by Rev. James Mc.^rthur, Jan. 10, 1856, Margaret Helen, dau. Robert
Gibson, 2d (b. Aug. 22, 1822; d. Jan. 11, 1892). She joined the
Ass. Pres. ch. Dec. 18, 1841; and he joined it Sept. 26, 1854; Elder,
till death, Oct. 11, 1856. He d. Aug. 10, 1896.

4 John,-' (Edward, i) b. April 20, 1829; went to Cahfornia in Feb. 1852;

stopped at Rio de faneiro where several of the company contracted
yellow fever, and 13 died; reached San Francisco July 19, 1852; min-
ing on American river. Poker Flat and Marysville; ret. to Vt. 1855;
went to Cal. again 1860. and was in the butcher and drover business
cevcal years; ret. to Ryegate and made his home with his bro. Hugh.
He accumulated a large property; never m.; d. Dec. 20, 1904 He
held several town offices and was a very genial man, esteemed for his
good sense, upright character, and even disposition. A tireless
worker.

5 James, 2 ( Edward, i) b June 11, 1831 ; in coasting trade between Bangor. Me.

and Alexandria. Va , several years before the civil war; farmer hn
homestead 1866, till d Feb. 1'^, 1890, taking care of his mother in her
old age. He m. Newbury, by Rev S. L. Eastman, March 20, 1872,
ElizaVjeth E., dau. Philip C. and Christian [Chalmers] Tuxbury (b.
Newbury, Aug. 28,1848.) Mem. of Cong, ch., Newbury. After his
death she rem. 1895 to Newbury Yil. to educate her chil and in 1903
to W. Newbury with her two youngest sons, who bought the "Old
Prescott Place." and two other farms, which they call " Lake and
Mountain View Farm." This farm overlooks Hall's Pond and the
surrounding country and has a fine prospect of the White and Fran-
conia Mts.

Children :
i. Clarence Edwin, ^ b. Jan. 10, 1873 ; farmer on homestead till fall of 1902 ;
bought a farm in Bath, which he ex. 1906 for the grist mill at Wells
River where he remains. He m. March 6, 1894, Alma J., dau. Moses
H. Randall of Boltonville. Members of Cong. ch. Wells River. Ch.
(1) Clarence Merton,* b. Ryegate, Aug. '5,1895. (2) Annie Eliza-
beth,* b. Ryegate, Feb. 5, 'l898. (3) Isabel Randall,* b. Rvegate.
May 5, 1900. (4) Harold Albert,* b. Bath, Feb. 12, 1904. (5) Irwin
Dwight,* 1). Bath, Oct. 1, 1905. (6) Bertram Nelson,* b. Wells River
Feb. 14, 1908.

ii. John Henry, 3 b. Feb. 23, 1879; edu. Montpelier Seminary, and a four
yrs. course in Med. Dep Vt. Univ., grad. 1906; studying also in a hos-
pital in N. V. City and in Victoria Hospital at Montreal; in practice
at Wallingford. Vt. He m. in Burlington, Vt., Sept. 19, 1907. lessie
L.; dau. Robert Campbell of B. Ch. (1) Marion Gertrude,* b. W.,
Feb. 14, 1909. (2) John Henry* b. March 8. 1911.
lii. James Currier, 3 b. Feb. 8, 1888; edu Newbury and Montpelier Sem.. Bus.
Course at Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He m. at'Chicago, 111., Oct. 25, 1911,

THE MILLEK BROTHERS.

1. Jamfs Miller. 2. Geo. Miller.
3. John Miller. 4. Hugh G. Miller. 5. Edward Miller.

THE EDWARD MILLER HOMESTEAD, BUILT IN 1806.

NEW YORK

GENEALOGY— MILLER. 445

Annabel, dau. Wni. H., and Nellie May [Bowen] Kendrick of New-
bury; gr. dau of John Kendrick and of Albert A. Bowen.

iv. George Hugh, 3 h. June 1, 1882 ; farmer with his Ijrother. He ni. Jan. 1,
1907 Ellen Robatena, dau. Geo. A. and Isabel [Buchanan] Johnson
of Piermont, N. H., and gt gr. dau. of Col. Thomas Johnso'n'of New-
bury. Ch. Elizabeth Mary,* b. N. Sept. 8. 1908.

V. Christina.s b. Nov. 14, 1886; d. Sept. 7, 1887.

George Alexander,'- (Edward, i) b. Nov. 26, 1834; rem. 1866 to Clarinda,
Iowa; farmer there. He m. Sept. 1, 1867, Rosanna Logan Toner of
C. Member of U. P. ch. She d. May 5, 1905 ; bur. Covenanter cem.,
Harlan.

Children all b. in Clarinda e.Kcept the 1st. Two d y.
i. Georgianna A ,3 edu at Newbury Sem.; teacher; m. Ellsworth Arthur t)f
Topsham. Members of Baptist ch., Groton. Ch. (1) Leslie E y-^
[Arthur] b. Julv 8, 1885; emp. by Swift & Co., Exeter, N. H. (2)
Winifred,^ b. jan 3,1887. (3) Grace [.,■* b. March 18, 1888. (4)
Alexander C..+ b. Feb. 1, 1900. (5) Lee,* b. Aug. 28, 1901.
ii. Edward Thomas, 3 b. Jan. 24, 1870; farmer; m. at College Springs,
Iowa. Dec. 4, 1889, Clara Ella Wilkie, who d. Clarinda, 1906; bur.
Covenanter cem. Ch. Gladys,* Rosa.* Warren,* Mary,* Bessie,*
Edgar,* and an infant son.
iii. Bell Elizabeth, 3 b. Sept. 18, 1872 ; m. Edward Dunn of Clarinda. Sev-
eral chil.

The six sons of Edward Miller, Senior, were men of marked individuality,
who made a strong impression upon their generation in this town.
They were men not to be swerved from what they thought right to
do, but were genial, liberal, worthy of their ancestry.

MILLIGAN.

Rev. Jamks Milligan, b. Dalmellington, Ayrshire, Scotland, Aug. 7, 1785;
d. at the home of his second son at Southfield, Mich., of typhoid
pneumonia, Jan. 2, 1862. His parents were John Milliken and Mar-
garet Milligan, his wife, who lived and died on the banks of Loch
Doon. According to the custom of the time and place the wife re-
tained her family or clan name. John Milliken died when his children
were too young to. remember him, and as their mother w^as known as
Margaret Milligan, the sons adopted her name. James Milligan
came to America at the age of 1 7 with emigrants who settled in Pa.
He entered Jefferson College, graduating 1809, taught in an academy,
and supplied vacant churches for a few years ; was ordained and
settled in Colde|nham, N. Y. ; came to Rj'egate in the fall of 1816,
was installed over the Ref Pres. congregation Sept. 26, 1817, and
resigned his charge May 17, 1839. He was pastor of Covenanting
congregations successively at New Alexandria, Pa., and Eden, 111.,
until old age. For a more complete account of his ministry here see
Chap. XIV. It is the united testimony of his contemporaries that
Mr. Milligan was a man of extraordinary power in the pulpit. His
frame was large, his features dark and strongly outlined, his voice
powerful and well modulated. His sermons abcmnded in metaphor,
and v\ere frec|uently illumined by outbursts of fine declamation; he
exercised a singular fascination over his audience, and held its close at-
tention for hours at a time. Mr. Milligan was a fine classical student,
and was considered the best Hebrew scholar in this part of the coun-
try. His theology was uncompromising in its Calvinism, in his preach-
ing and in his life he would be at this day considered severe. In person
he resembled Daniel Webster so nuich that he was often mistaken for
that eminent statesman. He is usually spoken of as " Priest." Milli-
gan. This adjective was, in earlier days, sometimes applied to a Prot-

44r6 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

est;iiu minister whose eminent ability long exercised in (jne commun-
ity, gave him an intellectual dictatorsliip. Kev. David Sutherland of
Bath and Rev. Silas McKeen of Bradford are thus often designated.
It is significant that two of these were natives of Scotland, and the
third was of Scotch ancestry. Mr. Milligan's Sabbath services, being
confined to the small group of Covenanting churches in this vicinity,
caused him to be less generallj' known than the otlier two. He was
one of the earliest abolitionists, his denunciations of slavery were un-
compromising. His convictions were strong and he was unyielding in
his views of right and wrong. As the record shows he was, in many
particulars, in advance of his age, and was considered by the conserva-
tive wing of the Covenanters as a dangerous innovator. 1 he degree
of D. D was conferred upon him by Jefferson Coll.; his three sons
and several of his gr. sons received the same title. The descendants of
Rev. James Milligan are a remarkable body of people, taking rank
among the first citizens of every place where their lot has been cast.
His talents, inherited by his children, were transmitted to their descend-
ants, and with them the curious fact that his handwriting can hardly
Idc distinguished from that of his sons and several of his grandsons.
This unusual family seemed to justify a particular account in this vol-
ume, and in preparing their record the editor acknowledges the kind
assistance of Revs. J. S T., and E. M. Milligan. Prof VV. M. Sloane,
President Blanchard of Wheaton Coll , Rev. N. R. Johnson, and Rev.
D. C. Paris. Mr. Milligan purchased and lived for two years on the
farm which had been that of Rev. Wm. Gibson; in 1819 he sold it to
)ohn Hall, and bought at the Four Corners in the Park neighljorhood,
where the road from So Ryegate to Peacham crosses that from the
Corner to Groton. The cellar of the house is on the left hand going
north. This farm was sold to Rv)bert Dickson, Sr., who sold it to
Coburn & Newton, it later became the property of Wm. N. Gibson,
whose son Charles owns it now ; about 1880 the house was taken
down, the frame removed to So R\'egate, and stands opposite the
railr(jad station, a building owned and used for a storehouse by Wm,
Terry. S(j says Mr. John Gates. He m. 1821, Mary dau. of Elder
Robert Trumbull, a Scotchman irom Galloway, Scotland, who de-
serted from the British ai my and joined the American army, settling
finally at Craftsbvuy, Yt. Mr. Trumbull m. Lucy Babcock of May-
flower stock and their dau Mrs. Milligan, b. 1790, was the first white
child b. in Orleans Co. She d. at New Alexandria, Pa., May 30, 1856
Children all t)orn in Ryegate :

1 I. Alexander McLeod,2 b. April 6, 1822.

2 n. MARGARET,2b. March, 1824-.

3 HI. James Sauri.n Turretin,2 b. Aug. 26, 1826.

4 IV. John Calvin Knox, 2 b. Feb. 1, 1829.

V. Robert. 2 b. 18:^3; d New Alexandria, Pa., 1843.
VI. Artson 2 b. 1835, d. 1837.
1 Alexander McLeod,2 ( James, i) b. .April 6, 1822; learned to read at the age
of two; his father began to teach him Hebrew when he was four
years old, he had read the 1 ibie in Hebrew, and the Testament in
Greek before he was 13. Attended Craftsbury Acad, several terms;
rem, with parents to Pa.. 1839; entered Western Univ. of Pa., 1841;
trouble arose in the college, and some of the professors organized a
new institution called Duciuesne Coll., from which he grad 184 5;
studied theology in the Ref. Pres. Theo. Sem. at Allegheny, Pa., under
Rev. Jas. R. Wilson; grad. 1847; licensed by Pittsburgh Pres. April
14, 1847 ; ord. and ins. pastor of ch. at New Alexandria, Pa., Nov. 23,
1848; res. 1853; 3d Ref Pres. ch. Philadelphia. 1853-56; New Alex-
andria, Clarksburg and Greensburg, F'a , 1856—66; ins. over Eighth
St. Pittsburgh congregation May 14, 1866; preached his last sermon

REV. JAMES MILLIGAN.

REV. A. M. MILLIGAN.

^^

REV. J. S. MILLIGAN.

REV. J. C. K. MILLIGAN.

Covenanters.

GENKALOGV— MILLIGAN. 447

in New York City, March 9, 1884; went to Oakland, Cal., in fall of
1884., and returning d. May 7, 1885 on train in Wyoming, Ter., and
was bur. at Pittsburgh. May 14, 1885. He was very prominent in
the anti-slavery movement and was very violently assailed, twice
liurnt in effigy, twice assaulted by mobs and narrowly escaped with
his life. He wrote a letter to John Brown while the latter was in jail
at Charlestown. Va., which was answered by him the night before his
execution. Rev. N. R. Johnston, once pastor of the Ref. Pres. ch. at
Topsham, in "Looking Back from the Sunset Land," has much to say
of .vir. Milligan. Rec degree of D. D., from Jefferson Coll.. Canons-
burg, Fa., in 1872. A memorial volume was published after his death.
He m. 1st, in 184-7, Ellen, dau. Hon. John Snodgrass of New Alexan-
dria, who d. 1868. 2d, 1872, a Miss Stewart of the same place.

Of his children: Rev. A. M. Milligan, Jr.,3 pastor of the United Pres.
ch. at Delancy, N. Y. Annie, ^ m David Gregg of Pittsburg, Pa. Rev.
O. B. Milligan, 3 was pastor of the Canton, 0., Pres ch., where he d.
1908; he m. Miss Nannie Agnew of Pittsburgh. Pa 2 daus. Of his
dau's, Anna M.,3 m. John Gregg of Pittsburgh, Pa^ Margaret Elea-
nor,3 (see later). Clara, ^ m. Rev. David McFall of Poston who has
been dead some yrs ; 3 daus. Rachel, ^ m. Rev. E. M. Milligan, D. D.,
q. v.

Margaret Eleanor, 3 m Rev. Charles A. Blanchard, D. D , who in 1882,
sticceeded his father. Rev. Jonathan Blanchard, as president of Whea-
ton (111.) College. She has been dead some yrs. Ch. (1) Mary Belle,*
in. J. M. Weaver, now in the auditing dept of the Panama R. R.,
Christobal, Canal Zone; 3 ch. (2) Julia Warden, + librarian of Whea-
ton College. (3) Rachel G.,-^ m. Harold Mackenzie, prin. of Forsyth,
Montana high school. (4) Clara L.,* ni. L. B. King, Supervisor of
Manual Training in the city schools of Canton, 111.; 2 ch.
Margaret,-' ( James, i) 1). xMarch, 1824; m. Oct. 1849 Rev. J. R. W. Sloane
(b. Topsham. Vt , May 29, 1823; d. March 6. 1886 at Allegheny,
now Pittsburgh, Pa. She d. Oct. 1855. His father, Rev. Wm. Sloane,
s. of Wm. and Jane (Robinson) Sloane, both from Ayr. in Scotland,
was b. at Lome, Ireland, 1786; m. in 1816, Mary, dau. of Hugh
McNeice. He was at that time head master of a school at Carmony,
Ireland, and she one of his pupils. Came to Am. 1816 via Quebec,
studied theology at Coldenham, N. ¥., called to Topsham 1817 or
1818; ord. minister of Ref. Pres. congregation in 1819; he lived
where Miss Mae J. Merritt now lives, within a mile of Topsham Vil.
The house has been little changed since his time. He was a scholar,
a profound theologian and student and his influence upon his genera-
tion in Topsham was very great. With them or later, came her
brother, Robert McNeice and settled in Topsham-. Left T. 1830; pas-
tor Greenfield, O., 1830-1840; Elkhorn, 111,, 1840, till d. 1863 on his
farm in Worriston, where his gr. son still lives.

Nine children of whom James R. Wilson Sloane was the 3d. He was
educated at Cadiz, O : grad. Jefferson Coll., Canonsburg, O.; was
president successively of Richmond and Geneva Colleges, Ohio, pastor
of 3d Ref. Pres. ch , N. Y. Citv; of the 2d Ref. Pres. ch A'leghenv, and
Prof, of Theology in the Ref. Pres. Theo. vSem. 1868-1886. He was
widely known as an anti-slavery orator throughout the northern
states, an eloquent pleader for the cause of the slave, associ nted with
Phillips, Garrison, Pillsbury and others. During the draft riots in
New York City his life was in great danger, but he refused to leave his
post and was unhurt. His biographv was prepared by his son. Prof.
Wm. M. Sloane.

Rev. Dr. Sloane and Margaret (.Vlilligan) had two children, a dau. who
d. in infancy and a son. William Milligan, ^ h. Richmond, Ohio, Nov.
12, 1850; grad. Columbia Univ. 1868; studied in Germany; secretary
to the historian Bancroft while the latter was Minister to Germany;

^^S HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT,

Prof, of History in Princeton Univ., 1875— 'OG; editor of Princeton
Review 188t)-'89; president of the National Institute of Arts and
Letters; Prof, of History in Columbia Univ., 1896 to date; LL.D.
from Rutgers Coll., and Princeton Univ. In addition to many contri-
butions to magazine literature upon historical subjects, Prof. Sloane
is the author of " Life of Rev. [. R. W Sloane," " Life of President Mc-
Cosh," "The French Revolution," "Life of Napoleon Bonaparte," 4
vols. The latter has passed through several editions and has been
translated into other languages. Professor Sloane is one of the most
eminent of American men of letters. He m. Mary Espey Johnston.
Ch. (1) Mary Renwick,^ (.Mrs. Joseph Livingston Delafield) who has
one son. (2) James Renwick.'t a lawyer in N. Y. City. (H) Francis
Johnston,-*^ a physician there. (4-) Margaret Milligan.*

3 James Saukix Turretin,^ (James, i) b. Aug. 2H, 1826; grad. Geneva Coll.,

then located at Northwood, Ohio, 1852; pastor of Ref. Pres. ch. at
Southfield, Mich., Nov. 1 1, 1853-April 11, 1871; pastor at North
Cedar, Jackson Co., Kansas, from Oct. 8, 1872 till 1891; res Pitts-
burg, Pa., and still occasionally preaching. He visited Scotland and
the Continent in 1896. Rec. degree of D. D., from Geneva College in
1901. He m. Jane T. Johnston. 9 chil. of whom (1) Rev. J. R. J.
Milligan,'"^ D.D., is pastor of 1st Pres. ch. Pontiac, Mich. He m. Annie
Mahaffy. 2 daus., one, Margaret, + living. (2) Knox McL. ,3 farmer
in Dennison, Kansas. (3) Samuel Cargill,-^ physician at Pittsburgh,
Pa. Of theirdaus. (4) Mary Ellen, ^ m. Rev. D. D. Robertson of Oban,
Scotland, ^vho has been d. some years. One dau. now with her
mother, missionaries at Assiut, Egypt. (See later.)

4 John Calvin Knox,' (James, i) b. Jan. 1, 1829, educated in com. sch.'s of New

Alexandria, Pa.; studied the classics under the care of Mr. William R.
Acheson at Allegheny; grad. Western Univ. of Pa., now the University
of Pittsburgh 1848. Studied theology one year in Cincinnati Semin-
ary; in the spring of 1849 he became principal of Geneva Coll., and
professor of mathematics. At the same time studying theology in
Northwood Seminary. Licensed April 16, 1852 by the Lakes Presby-
tery; ordained by same at Utica. O., .\Ia\- 12, 1852; installed co-pas-
tor of 1st .Miami congregation, Northwood, O., July 1, 1853: res. pro-
fessorate and congregation. April 20, 1858, and ins. pastor of the Ref.
Pres. congregation, N. Y. City; re . 1891, and entered the United Pres.
ch., took charge of a mission station out of which came the Washing-
ton Heights U. P. ch. of which he was pastor till death, Oct. 2<>, 1906.
Bur. Woodlawn cem., N. Y., City. In the Ref. Pres. ch. he was con-
nected with its missionary and educational interests; chairman of the
Board of Superintendents of the Theo. Sem. several yrs.; established
and was editor of "Our Banner," 1S74— 1890; moderator of the
Synod of 1870; in the U. P. ch., member of the Interdenominational
Psalmodv Com.; degree of D D., from Univ. of Pittsburgh 1870. Vis-
ited Scotland, 1876. Pie m. Oct. 3, 1854, Rachel Ward Farrington of
Newburgh, N Y., who d. Dec. 15, 1899, and a son, John Calvin, Dec.
30, 1908. He contributed articles fref|uently to various newspapers
and magazines, and some of his sermons and addresses were published
in pamphlet form, several of which h;ive l)een rejjrinted.

His surviving chil. are: (1) Mary Eva (Mrs Wm. S. Rusk, N. Y. City )
(2) Ezra M. (see later.) (3) I'rederick Eugene, un-m.; merchant at Bos-
ton, Mass. (4) Anna Marearet (.Mrs. John J. Anderson, N. Y. Citv.)
(5) Nett Farrington (Mrs. F. N. Sanford. N. Y. City.)

Of his gr. chil.. Wm. A. Rusk was an officer in the 71st N. Y.. d of yellow
fever while with his reg. in Cuba. Clarence S. Rusk mem. of same
reg. res. in New Haven, Ct.

A fine set of the Life of Napoleon in four large vols., illustrated hv 390 repro-
ductions of famous paintings is in the library at Newbury,

GENEALOGY— MILLIGAN. 449

Rev. Ezra McLeod,^ D. D., s of Rev. J. C. K. Milligan was pastor some
years of the Ref Pres. congregation, Parnassus. Pa.; U. P. cong. at
Stubenville, O., 189 l-'95 ; Sewickley, Pa., U. P. cong. 1895 to date.
He m. his cousin Rachel, dau. Rev. A. M. Milligan. 5 sons. McLeod,*
and Fred in Westminster Coll. John,* Treasurer's Dept. P. R. R.
Two younger sons preparing for college.

At the editor's solicitation. Rev. J. S. T. Milligan has added these personal
reminiscences, written in a clear and beautiful handwriting, which a
young man might envy :

My father, Rev. James Milligan and his Session, vi^ith Dr. Perry, organized
the first Total Abstinence Society in Caledonia Co., possibly in the
State of Vermont, He graduated in medicine under Dr. Rush in Phila-
delphia, and gave the benefit of his medical skill without charge to his
congregation and neighbors. He gave many young men a start in
their literary career both in Vt. and in Pa. He prepared his three
sons for college and seminary so that Alexander graduated in one
year, James and John each in two years. My sister Margaret [.VI rs.
Sloane] was as well versed in Hebrew, Greek and English literature as
any of her brothers and was a most successful principal in Rutland,
O., Female Academy, and the Geneva Female Seminary at North-
w^ood, Ohio. My fathers's three sons and one daughter read with him
the Pentateuch in Hebrew, and the Greek Testament several times.
He prepared seven young men for college and seminary during his ten
years pastorate at New Alexandria.

In Ryegate our neighbors were three Nelson families, tvKO Smiths,
Gibsons, Halls and two Park families. A Mrs. Henderson was a spe-
cial favorite with us, as were her children. The Corruths and Aikens
were both neighbors, and members of the congregation. I think my
brother Alexander was considered the most popular preacher in the
Ref. Pres. ch. in his day, and my brother John the ripest scholar. I
was fairly successful as a preacher and debater, was pastor in Mich.,
of one congregation 19 yrs. and in Kansas 21 yrs. Each of these
built fine church buildings, and became the largest in their counties
under my ministry. Since coming into the United Pres. ch. I have
been pastor of but one congregation, which doubled its membership
in the five yrs. of my ministry. Since coming to Pittsburgh, as I have
done for my wife's health, and to make a home for my four daughters,
\vho are teachers, I have supplied two congregations four years each
and am still conducting two informal weekly services, though in my
86th year. I am the last of my father's family, and older than any of
them ever became. My wife had five brothers who were college gradu-
ates. Three of them entered the ministry, one became a physician, an-
other received the title of Ph. D. from a German Univ., and became a
Prof of .Modern Languages in Portland Coll., Oregon, and another,
Rev. W. P. Johnston, was president of Geneva Coll., 26 years. Seven
of our children are college graduates, all are church members, and all
are useful members of society.

Yours very sincerely,

J. S. T. Milligan.
Pittsburgh, Pa., March 15, 1912.

MILLIS.

Wesley J. ,1 b. Johnson. Vt., March 18, 1835: enlisted in regular army, 1st
Cav. May 11, 1858; was in several battles; honorably dis. at end of
five yrs. term of service. He m. 1st, May 2, 1865, Phebe Goodwin of
Groton; she d. Jan. 15, 1885. He m. 2d. Oct. 22, 1891, Isabel
Hooper of Groton. They came to R. and lived with his dau till his
death, Oct. 23, 1907.
Children all bv 1st marriage.

450 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

i. Andrew J. .2 b. March 17, 1870.

ii. Ellen M.,2 b. July 9, 1872 ; m. Nov. 20, 1895, Amasa L., s. of Jacob and
Isabel [Welch] Hooper (b. Groton, July 3, 1870.) Ch. (1) Margaret
E.,a (Hooper) b. Groton, Sept. 9, 1896. (3) Nelson A. ,3 (Hooper) b.
Peacham, July 14 1898.

MILLIS.

Andrew J. Millis,i and Ellen F. Kerwin were m. at Manchester, N. H., Aug.
1, 1850. They came to R. 1868 and bought the farm on Conn. River
road where Walter Renfrew has lately Hved, where he d. Jan. 1899,
and she d. Feb. 22, 1896.
Children all b. Manchester, N. H.
i. Lizzie, 2 b. May 17, 1851 ; m. R. Burns Nelson, q. v.
ii. Myron J. ,2 b. Sept. 19. 1853.
iii. George A.,2 b. Nov. 19, 1855 ; d. Oct. 9, 1898.

MILLS.

Samuel,! §, of Robert and Jane [Forrest] Mills b. Rutherglen, Scotland, Dec
25, 1818; learned the blacksmith trade there. Hem. April 16, 184-7
Elizabeth Laird of Houston (b. Feb. 28, 1824-). They sailed for
America July 29, 1848, were five weeks on the voyage, landing in Bos-
ton, came at once to Topsham where her sister lived ; blacksmith at
Chelsea one year and at Topsham 25 yrs. Came to So. Ryegate 1872,
and worked at his trade till old age. Members of Ref Pres. ch. in
Scotland and Topsham and an elder in the Topsham ch. Original
members of 1st Pres. ch. So Ryegate. Delegate to the General Assem-
bly 1889 and active in church work. He d. April 2, 1903 ; she d. Aug.
10, 1909.
Children all but the first, born in Topsham.
i. Elizabeth, 2 b. Eaglesham, Scot., April 18. 1848; d. Topsham, May 29,
1864.

ii. Jane Forrest, 2 b. April 15, 1850; m. Nov. 17, 1870, Rev. Jacob Mills, a
native of Topsham. Meth. minister at Helena, Montana. Ch. (1)
Rev. Edward Laird Mills, 3- of Helena. (2) George D. 3 a ranchman
at Gage, Mont. (3) Edith Forrest, 3 a graduate of \\ ellesley Coll.;
teacher in the Univ. of Montana at Helena.

iii. Forrest Robert, 2 b. Sept. 27, 1 852 ; foreman in the boiler dept. of N. Y.
and N. H. R. R. shops, Boston, Mass. He m. Oct. 13, 1875, Mary E.
Craig of Topsham. He d. Feb. 17, 1907.

iv. James Laird, 2 b. May 7, 1857 ; farmer in Newbury, near Wells River. He
m. Oct. 18. 1883, Nellie C, dau. L. H. Scales of Newbury. Ch. Vera,
a stenographer at East Kvegate.
V. Samuel,2 b. Feb. 20, 1861 ; blacksmith at So. Ryegate; town rep. 1910.
He m. Sept. 7. 1892, Mary E. Perham of Brookfield. Ch. Samuel
P. ,3 grad. St. J. Acad ; now in Vt. Univ.

vi. Charles Sumner. 2 b. July 17, 1863; formerly general foreman N. Y. and
N. H. R. R. shops, Norwood. Mass.; m. Sept. 27, 1892, Lizzie A. dau.
A. H. Park of R. Res. Townsend, Vt. One dau., Margaret P., now
in Middleburv College.

vii. Frederick John, 2 b, April 28, 1865 ; grad. Vt. Univ. ; went to Idaho, and
became a civil engineer. Member of both House and Senate of Idaho
legislature, and elected Lieutenant Governor; res. Los Angeles, Cal.
He m. April 29, 1893, Laura J. E. Hoff. 2 sons, Fred. 3 and Bruce,3.

NoTB. So far as I can ascertain Samuel Mills was the only native of Scotland whose
Christian name was Samuel who settled in either Ryegate, Barnet or Newbury, and the
name is almost never found among people of Scotch ancestry, excepting the Scotch-
Irish. — Editor.

GENEALOGY — MILLS. 451

MILLS.

So many Ryegate people are descended from the Mills family of Newbury
and Topsham that the record of its earlier members is here given, by
request. (See further in History of Newbury).
I. Robert,! from the n. of Ireland, settled in Chester, N. H., about 1720,
II. JoHN,i m. Susan Ferrier of Chester,

III. JoHN.i served in the French and Indian war; was a grantee of Haverhill,

N. H., but settled in Newbury, on the farm now owned by Wm. W.
Brock at So. N., and built about 1780, the house usually called the
Davenport house. He served also in the Revolutionary war. Married
a dau. of Archibald McDuffie. Several chil. of whom

IV. Archibald McDuffie,i b. Sept. 13, 1775 ; m. Dec. 4, 1800, Anna Aiken ;

rem. to Topsham about 1818 and settled on the farm now owned by
Joseph Hastings and are buried on that farm. He d. April 6, 1865 ;
she d. May 8, 1870. Members of Ref Pres. ch. at Topsham.
Children :
i. William, 2 b. Nov. 7, 1802; m. Aug. 27, 1829, Esther, dau. Adam

Dickey,
ii. Jacob,2 b. March 30, 1805; m. Jan. 22, 1829, Marion, dau. Adam

Dickey,
iii. Archibald,2 b. March 4, 1807; d. 1894; m. Jan. 8, 1832, Sarah A., dau.

Samuel Eastman,
iv. Calvin, 2 b. June 26, 1809.
v. CaroHne,2 b. June 8, 1813; m. a Mr. Dickey,
vi. Horace, 2 b. Nov. 30, 1815; m. Jane Batchelder.
vii. Joseph,2 b. March 6. 1817 ; m. 2d, Nancy Felch.
viii. John,2 b. March 5, 1820 ; d. y.
ix. Hiram, 2 b. April 17, 1825; d. Oct. 12, 1905; m. Jane E., dau., James

Forsyth (b. Topsham, April 11, 1829; d. Jan. 1, 1902.)
The Mills brothers were carpenters of rare skill, and they probably erected

more buildings in this vicinity than any equal number of men.
Calyin,2 (Archibald Mc,i) b. Newbury, June 26, 1809; rem. to Topsham
with parents ; settled where Henry Leet lives ; farmer and carpenter.
Hem. March 14, 1839, Mary, dau. James Forsyth (b.Medford, Mass.,
Dec. 5, 1826; d. Winchester. Mass,, Jan, 5, 1897.) He d. Topsham,
March 22. 1891.
Children all born in Topsham.
i. Elizabeth,3 b. March 2, 1842 ; d. Dec. 23, 1843.
ii. Caroline. 3 b. Sept. 18, 1845; m. in Newbury, Sept. 30, 1868, Henry Leet;

she d. in T. Nov. 23, 1878. Ch. Frank and Cora,
iii. Rose Ann, a b. July 9, 1847 ; m. in T. Nov. 30, 1871, Horace Randall. Ch.

Harry, and Minnie, who m. Rev. John A. McClelland,
iv. Ora Victoria,^ b. June 28, 1849; m. at Fall River, Mass., May 25, 1881,

George F. Chace.
V, Elizabeth, 3 b. Sept. 21, 1851; m. at Manchester, N. H., May 15, 1873,

Charles W. Hanson.
vi. Maila,3 b. Jan. 19. 1854; m. Wm. T. George, q. v.
vii. Harry, 3 b. Sept. 23, 1859 ; d. April 17, 1866.

viii. Mary Ella,3 b. June 6,1862; m. Barnet, Aug. 30, 1888, Jared Thorn-
ton. 1 ch.
LE6TER T-.^ (Hiram.2 Archibald, i) b. Topsham, Oct, 17, 1858 ; farmer. He m.
in Durham. P. Q., June 6, 1881, Isabella, dau. Wm. Bell, b. in Scot-
land, and Elizabeth [McDougall] b. in Durham. Came to Ryegate in
1886 ; res. in Dist, No, 6.
Children :
i. John Perley,^^ b. Newbury, Nov. 10, 1882.
ii. "OUie Earnest, * b. Bradford, June 20, 1884 ; d. in hospital, Hanover, Oct.

•JO 1 891
iii. Daisy'Bell.* b. Ryegate, June 24, 1887.
iv. Alice Lena.* b. Rvegate, Feb. 26. 1890.
V. Grace Inez,* b. Ryegate, Nov. 18, 1892.

452 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

MOORE.

I. Dea. James,! b in the n. of Ireland 1702 of Scotch parentage; educated
at Edinburgh, Scotland; m. Agnes Colbreth ; came to Boston 1727;.
one year in Concord, Mass.; bought a right of land in Suncook (now
Pembroke) 1729, of Joseph Farrar; claimed that his family was the
2d to settle in Pembroke; built the 1st framed house, lately occupied
by his gt. gr. son, Samuel Emery. He was well educated, and some-
times preached ; d. March 11, 1779; 10 children.
II, RoBERT,2 b. 1749; Rev. sol., in Capt. McConnell's Co. of Col. Daniel
Moore's regiment; must, in, 1776. He m. Ruhannah.dau. Rev. Daniel
Mitchell of Pembroke (b. 174-9; d. Jan. 16, 1836.) He d. Jan. 1829.
III. Nathaniel,! b. Pembroke, N. H., 1779 ; left home at 21 yrs. ; lived in Dor-
chester a few years, came to Ryegate 1813, and bought what is known
as the McCole farm on the old county road, which w^as afterward
changed to the present river road ; this he sold to Mr. McCole and
bought the Rev. James McClay farm on the river road ; sold this and
bought the next farm north called the Hugh Kelsey farm which he
cleared and built the house now there, where H. K. Moore died; sold
this and bought what was called the Robert Gilfillan farm which had
originally 174 acres, where his grandsons Fred and Henry Moore live.
He m. in Sanbornton, N. H., 1^05, Dorothy, dau. Jacob and Susan
[Shepherd] Bamford of Boscawen, N. H., (b. Sanbornton, 1784; d.
Aug. 10, 1863.) He d. Ryegate. Sept. 24, 1845; both bur. at Mcln-
does. Dorothy (Bamford I Moore lived in Sanbornton till she was m.,
reared a family of 12 chil. to be men and women, was a faithful wife
and tender mother, besides being skilled in all the household arts of
the time in which she lived. Her descendants venerate her memory.

Children :
i. Nancy,2. b. Sanbornton, N. H., 1805; m. Sept. 3, 1830, Daniel Sherburne
of Lyman. N. H.; d. 1852; bur. Mclndoes. He (b. 1803; d. 1859
and bur. Northfield, Minn.

Children :

1. Mary B.,3 [Sherburne] b. 1832 ; d. un-m. 1855.

2. Susan S.,3 [Sherburne] b. 1833 ; m. C. R. White of Rutland, Vt. Ch.

Frank,* who d at 24. Morris,-* b. 1876, Hastings, Minn. Res. Los
Angeles, Cal

3. William B.,3 [Sherburne] b. 1836; m. Christie Warden of Bath; d. 190Q

and bur. Valley City, No. Dak. She d. before him, bur. Hastings,
Minn.

4. DeForest L.,3 [Sherburne] b. 1838; m. 1885, Katherine Spencer (b. San

Francisco, 1855; d. 1890 at Los Angeles, Cal.) Res. Los Angeles. No
ch.

5. Lucy,3 [Sherburne] b. 1843; m. 1868. Walter K. Bowker, who d. 1869.

Ch. Walter K., 4 b. Jan. 1869; m. 1890, Harriet Boquest. Ch. Lucy,*
Walter.s Harry, ^ Frank,' Victor,' Harriet.' Res. Los Angeles, Cal.

ii. Sarah,2 b. Sanbornton, N. H., 1807 ; d. un-m., at Saugatuck, Mich., 1860.

iii. Jacob B.,2 b. Dorchester, N. H., 1809; left home at 18; learned stone cut-
ters trade in Boston: went south and built a bank at Natchez. Miss.;
went to Texas and engaged in the fur business with Gen. Sam Hous-
ton, going to No. Alaska to buy furs; rem. there six yrs.; ret. and en-
listed in the Texan war ; served as a ranger under Col. Hayes ; after
the war went into mining and lumber bus in Cal., from there to Slip-
pery Ford, Nev., where he d. 1877, and bur. there. Never m.

iv. Samuel A., 2 b. Jan. 29, 1811.

V. Susan Shepherd, 2 b. Dorchester, N. H., April 21, 1812; m. 1840, Wm. H.
Moore of Danville, Vt. She d. Aug. 30, 1862 at D., and bur. there.
(He m. 2d, a dau. of Hon. Bliss N. Davis; d. and bur. at Brodhead,
Wis., 1895).

Prepared by H. D. Moore, Allegan, Mich.

GENEALOGY — MOORE. 453

Children :

1. Horace B.,3 b. May 7, 1842 ; m. 1868, Mary Porter of Douglas, Mich.

Res. Duluth, Minn., where he d. Dec. 23, 1906 ; bur. Brodhead. No ch.

2. Julia D., 3 b. Nov. 9, 1845; m. Sept. 3, 1871, at Brodhead, Wis., John J.

Putnam, who d. at Ft. Worth, Texas and bur. there. She res. Ft.
Worth. Ch. (a) John J. ,3 [Putnam] b. Decatur, Wis., Aug. 9, 1872;
res. near Ft. Worth, (b) Sophia,* [Putnam] b. Decatur, March 22,
1874; m. Sterling B. Clark; res. Ft. Worth. Ch. Mattie Belle, 5 b.
Nov. 21, 1900; d. Dec. 1901. Julia Mabel, s b. Dec. 14,1901. Ster-
ling Putnam, 5 b. Sept. 7, 1903. (c j \\ ill C.,* [Putnam] b. Ft. Worth,
Texas, Aug. 3, 1876. (d) Julia B.,* [Putnam] b. Ft. Worth, Dec.
23, 1880; d. Aug. 25, 1881. (e) Wonety B.,* [Putnam] b. Fort
Worth, Sept. 14, ls82.

3. Henry Howe 3 b. Aug. 28, 1846; d. Sept. 21, 1848.

4. Arabella V.,3 b. March 24, 1853; m. Aug. 22, 1876, Franklin B. Derrick

at Brodhead, Wis. Ch. Susan B.,* b. Sept. 1883 ; d. May 5, 1884.
vi. Hugh Kelsey,2. b. Ryegate, March 7,1815; m. Sarah, dau. John White-
hill; d. June 7, 1893. She d. at W. Peabody, Mass., March, 1901;
bur. Mclndoes. Tw^o daus. both d.; all bur. Mclndoes. Ch. (1
Corilla,3b. 1848; m. Henry McCole, q. v. (2) Martha,3 b. 1869; d.
1883

2 vii. AlansonS,2b. Aug. 29, 1816.

viii. Esther J. ,2 b. Ryegate, 1818; m, 1st, Moses Craven of W. Danville, Vt ;
went to Mich., 1856; same fall Craven went to Pike's Peak, never
heard of after.; m. 2d, a Mr. Hemmingway of Chicago, who d.; 3d,
m. Mr. Haynes of Cadillac, Mich., who d. in 2 yrs.; 4th, to Mr.
Allen of Otsego, Mich., who lived only 2 yrs.; 5th, to Mr. Lowe of
Otsego, whom she survived several years. She d. Allegan, Mich., Dec.
1 906, and bur. there. No ch.
ix. John Bamford, 2 b. Ryegate, Feb. 16,1820; went to Cal. about 1850.
gone about eight yrs.; m. Antoinette M.. dau. Dea. Ezekiel Larrahee
of E. Livingston, Me.; went to Mich., in lumber bus. at Salem, Mich.,
some yrs ; rem. to Monterey, Mich., where he d. 1895; She d. at
Allegan, 1908 ; both bur. Allegan. No ch.

3 X. Horace Duncan, 2 b. June 14, 1821.

xi. Julia Ann, 2 b. Ryegate, April 13, 1823 ; m. 1846, Joseph Varney of No.
Danville, Vt.; went to Muskegon, Mich., afterwards to Winona, Minn.;
ret. to Mich., many yrs.. later. Mr. V. d. and she m. 2d, John Martin
of Otsego, Mich., now dea. Two ch., the eldest d. in Muskegon. She
lived with her son, Frank H. Varney in Los Angeles, Cal., and d. at
the age of 86 ; bur. Allegan.

4 xii. Robert Mitchell,2 b. April 12, 1831.

1 Samuel Atkl\son.,2 (Nathaniel,i) b. Dorchester, N. H., Jan. 29, 1811 ; came
with parents to Ryegate, 1813 ; in lumber business and farming from
the age of 14; owned mills at Mclndoes and Dodge's Falls about 30
years, taking lumber in rafts down the Connecticut to Long Island
Sound. Ret. 1864 and purchased the Geo. A. Merrill house on East-
ern Ave., St. Johnsbury ; rem. to Wells River 1868, buying the Col.
James Buchanan house, and the mills of the W^ells River Lumber Co.;
"in lumber business till death. A very large, muscular man of resolute
will. He knew the personal history of all the old people of Ryegate,
and had a rare fund of stories of its eccentric characters, which should
have been preserved. He m. Jan. 29, 1846, Lillias, dau. Andrew Buch-
anan (b. June 9, 1817.) He d. March 3, 1894; she d.St. Paul, Minn.,
April 5, 1909.
Children :

5 i. John Atkinson,? b. Jan. 1 3, 1847.

ii. Jean Dorothy, 3 b. Nov. 29, 1849; m. Charles Joy, who d. St. Paul, 1905.

Ch. Samuel J.,* Charles P.,-* Lillias Ann ^
iii. Lillias Ann,3 b. June 27, 1852; m. Dr. lames R. Nelson, q. v.

454 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

2 Alanson S.,2 (Nathaniel,!) b. Ryegate. Aug. 29, 1816; went to California by

the Nicaragua route 1850 was yard master for Dorsey & Co., lumt er
manufacturers at San Francisco ; ret. to Ryegate, and was a very suc-
cessful farmer, owning one of the largest farms in town; he was in
business with his brothers, Samuel and Horace. In politics a Free
Soiler, then Republican; town representative, 1872; he had his lower
jaw badly broken in 1836 at Scott's lower saw mill at Wells River,
w^here the electric light station now is. It was a bad break and sev-
eral doctors failed to help him much, but Leonard Gale fitted him with
an invention of his own. He helped build half the dam at Canoe
Falls in 1837. He m. May 25, 1855, Laura J., dau. Robert G. Nelson,
q. v., (b. Lyman, N. H., Aug. 7, 1825; d. Dec. 10, 1905.) He d. Dec.
8, 1897.
Children :
i. Frank Hale, 3 b. March 8, 1856 ; is d.

ii. Charles Sumner,3 b. May 30, 1858; went to Cal., 1879, ret. 1887; lives
in Cal.

iii. Alfred Kelsey,^ b. Sept. 4, 1859 ; farmer on homestead.

iv. Henry McCole, b. Aug. 25, 1863; farmer on homestead.

3 Horace Du.ncan.z (Nathaniel.^) b. Ryegate. June 14, 1821; left home at 18;

att. Peacham and Lyndon Acad's for a short time ; worked for his
bro. Samuel 4 yrs., for Scott Bros., Wells River 4 yrs., for Gen. R. M.
Richardson at Wells River one year ; in part ownership with the latter
8 yrs. Went to Michigan, 1854, settled at Saugatuck, near mouth of
Kalamazoo river; built lumber mill, and bought tract of timber ; in
lumber bus. 20 yrs,, with lumber vard at Kenosha, Wis.; rem. to Alle-
gan, Mich., 1884. He m. 1864, f amar W., only dau. Boyd W. Phillips
of Allegan, where they live.
ChiMren :
i. Winona,3 b. Saugatuck, Oct. 18, 1865; m. 1st, Oct. 17, 1887, A. Mahew
Sherwood of Allegan, who d. Det. 22, 1894. 2d. Nov. 11, 1902,
Artus W. Sherwood, bro. of first hus. Ch. (bv 1st m.) (1) Mignon
Moore,4 b. March 17, 1889. (2) Horace MaVhew,* b, March 25,
1894.

ii. Maude,3 b. March 15, 1868; d. June. 1871 ; bur. Saugatuck.

iii. Pearl W.,3 b. Kenosha, Wis , Oct. 3, 1872 ; m. June 8, 1 898, J. S. Gray ot
Chatham, Can. Ch. Muriel Eleanor,* b. Jan. 8. 1902.

iv. Pansy Dorothy, 3 b. Saugatuck. July 21, 1877; m. Oct. 31, 1899, Sidney
Beach Tremble of Chicago, who was accidentally shot and killed Nov.
1908. Ch. (1) Sidney Beach,* b. July 8, 1901. (2) Dorothy Helen,*
b. Dec. 13, 1907.

4 Robert Mitchell,2 b. Ryegate. April 12, 1831; m. 1st. 1857, Mary Jane.

dau. Dea. Willard Gill of Mclndoes. Went west locating at Hamil-
ton, Mich., in lumber bus., also built a flour mill there; transferred his
business to Douglas, Mich., on the Kalamazoo river, in flour and lum-
ber bus. there several years ; closed out his bus. there and with his
oldest son, Charles W,, located and invested extensively in Louisana
cypress timber ; founded the Berwick Lumber Co. building mills and
making lumber; later, sold out, and with his son bought in the Ramos
Lumber Co.; was also interested in Colorado silver mines. Six chil.
by 1st m.. who all d. young, except the oldest son, Charles W^, who
w^as his partner in bus., and who d. at Saugatuck, Mich., May 5,
1907; bur Hamilton, Mich. Mary J., wife of Robert M. Moore, d.
Nov. 5, 1880; bur. at Hamilton. Mich., by her chil. Hem. 2d, Jan.
27, 1883, Ada Stratton of Chicago, 111., who d. 1902 at the family
home at Holland, Mich. He d. there 1904; bur. at Holland.
Children by 2d marriage :

i. Robert Mitchell,^ b. June 5, 1885; m. Aug. 1907, Emily Thorpe of Chi-
cago.

ii. Leah Moore, 3 b. April 8, 1889 ; res. Holland, Mich.

GENEALOGY — MOORE. 455

John Atkinson. 3 (Samuel A. ,2 Nathaniel, i) b. Jan. 13, 1847 ; in clothing bus.
at St. Johnsbury ; d. Asheville, N. C, Feb. 18, 1898 ; bur. at St. J. He
m. Kate, dau. Hiram Hill.
Children :
i. John Hiram,* b. March 4, 1872
ii. Lillias Ida.* b. June 24, 1874 ; d. Dec. 10, 1888.
iii. Samuel A.,* b. Sept. 22, 1S76. Merchant at St. Johnsbury.
iv. Marion F.,* b. June 20, 1879.
V. Hartwell D.,* b. April 21, 1882.
Yi. Andrew B.,* b. Aug. 31, 1885.
vii. Frederick,* b. Sept. 24, 1888.
viii. loseph Hill,* b. Jan. 4, 1891.

MOORE.

RiCHARD.i was a cousin of Nathaniel Moore (see previous record) and was b
at Pembroke, N. H.; settled in Bow, N. H.. but seems to have come to
R., by Mr. Miller's account.

His children were Richard, 2 (see later,) David, 2 Moses, 2 a soldier in the war
of 1812; Hannah, 2 b. at Bow, 1772; m. William Nelson, 2 q. v., and
Martha, 2 who m. Alexander Buchanan of Barnet and was the mother
of Mrs. Peter Gibson and Mrs. Wm. McCoU, both of Ryegate.

Richard, 2 (Richard,!) b. Pembroke, N. H., was brought up by Robert 2 Nel-
son and m. Lucy Scarrett of Conn. He settled in Lyman, N. H. Six
children, of whom Harry 3 was the oldest.

Hahry,3 (Richard, 2 Richard, i) b. Lyman, Nov. 24, 1809; came to Ryegate,
1831, and went into business with Nathaniel Batchelder. leasing the
Robert Whitelaw tannery, which they carried on a few yrs. In 1843
he went into partnership with John Gibson, and they bought the
Peters tannery and harness making at the Corner, conducting the
business there till about 1858 ; rem. to Mclndoes 1859 and was sta-
tion agent several years. Held several town offices and was Assistant
Judge of Caledonia Co. Court. Member of Cons. Con., 1843 and
1850. Hem. Dec. 29, 1836, Marion, dau. Robert 2 Gibson (b. Oct.
18, 1809; d. Mclndoes, Nov. 5, 1869.) He d. Jan. 29, 1883.

Children :
i. Mary,* b. Ryegate, 1849 ; m. Hon. Wm. H. Gilchrist of Mclndoes, where
she d. Jan. 12, 1896. One ch. d. in infancy.

MORRILL.

Ebenezer.i Morrill came from Methuen, Mass., and lived in Danville for a
time. He m. 1st., a Miss McLane. He and his brother Manning were
in company in the stage business, carrying on a line of stages from
Haverhill to Stanstead. This record is by Mr. Miller. Mr. Morrill
came to Ryegate about 1820 and bought the Josiah Page farm ; staid
about two years, went back to D., ret. in 1825, and kept tavern
where the great elm south of the Corner marks the site. There were
formerly two of these elms, one on each side of the main entrance. He
built the brick house for a tavern in 1830, finishing it in 1831; was
also farmer and blacksmith.

Children: ^^ ^ ,„,,

i. John, 2 (called Jack) b. Danville, 1815; m. Minerva Dole of D., ab. 1841,
who d. and he m. 2d, Martha (Dole) who m. 1st. David Nelson, and
2d, John Cameron. He kept tavern in the brick house about 1837,
for a few years, then went to Charleston, Vt. No chil.
ii. William,2 b. Danville, 1818; came to R., built a store and began trade
about 1837; in Oct. 1839, he and Joshua Bailey of Newbury began to
keep tavern and were burned out in Dec. following. He m. ab. 1852,
Nancy, dau. Moses Clark of Newbury (b. March 19, 1835.

456 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

iii. Alfred, 2 b. Ryegate, 1824; m. in Aug. 1852, Lucia Wheeler of Durham,
P. Q. Went west and served in the Civil w^ar in Co. H, 44th Wiscon-
sin, and was in the army of the Cumberland ; lived also in Canada,
but for many of his later years in Benton, N. H. Mr. Morrill is one
of the oldest native residents of Ryegate; remembers well James
Whitelaw and William Nelson and has given interesting particulars
for this volume.

iv. Charles, 2 b. ab. 1827; settled at St. Johnsbury.

MORRISON.

Tradition says that the Morrisons are of Norwegian ancestry, and settled in
the Island of Lewis on the west coast of Scotland. The name is said
to be derived from the Gaelic "Mhor." meaning famous, and the addi-
tion of son, meaning "Son of the mighty one." It is believed that all
of the name in No. America are descended from this family, the earliest
coming to New Haven 1663, others in Canada, Pa., Va., N. H., and
Georgia.

Angus Morrison, a farmer, lived at Vatisken, Island of Lewis, in the Hebrides,
on the west coast of Scotland. His sons were Kenneth, William and
John who were farmers and fishermen, and a dau. Isabel. Kenneth, i
had 4 sons, — Alexander, 2- Murdoch, 2 Angus, 2 and Donald. 2 The first
and last rem. on the Island. Murdoch and Angus came to Canada
and settled at Dell, Quebec. He also had 2 daus. Katherine came to
Canada with her bros., m. Norman McDonald, and has a family.

Murdoch, 2 (Kenneth, i) b. Island of Lewis; came to Canada and settled at
Dell, P. Q.; m. in Scotland. Isabel Mclver. He d. at Dell, July 2, 1887 ;
his 2d w. was Marion Mclver. They were of the sturdy Gaelic speak-
ing stock.

Children :

Kenneth, 3 b. Scotland ; lived at one time in Groton ; res. Dell, P. Q.

Katharine, 3 b Scotland, d. Lakeport, N. H.

Murdock, 3 b. Scotland ; came to Am. when a young man; lumberman,
then quarryman on Blue Mt., ab. 8 yrs , then leased a quarry of M.
H. Gibson for 10 yrs., in Co. with Murdock & A. D. Morrison. The
two latter withdrew. Norman and Murdock McKenzie and D. A.
Morrison came into the Co. The two former withdrew and later D.
A. Morrison, who dropped out later, Murdock finishing the lease
alone in fall of 1910 ; res. Vancouver, B. C, un-m.
iv. John, 3 b. Dell, P. Q., March 15, 1.S75; came to Vt., 1894; granite cutter
at So. R. He m. Nov. 21, 1901, Bertha J., dau. John McColl. Mem-
ber of 1st Pres. ch. In 1910 they bought a farm in Barnet and rem.
there. Naturalized June 10, 1902.
Angus,2 (Kenneth,!) b. Island of Lewis; came to Am. when. 15 vrs. old, set-
tled at Limerick, Compton Co., P. Q., ^vhere he has a large farm. He
m. Jan. 4, 1872, Cristy, dau. Rory and Margaret Murry (b. Lewis;
came to Canada when 4 yrs. old. one of a fam. of 10 chil.) Members
of the Pres. ch. at Dell, P. Q., and all the family speak Gaelic.

Children :
i. Kenneth, 3 b. Aug. 12, 1875 ; d. March 1, 1899.
ii. Donald, 3 b Jime"27, 1877.
iii. Alex, 3 b. |une 26. 1879. Quarryman on Blue Mt. some time ; merchant

at Milan, P. Q.
IV. Margaret, 3 b. June 25, 1883 ; m. Donald D. Morrison, res. Tolsta, P. Q.

5 ch.
V. Malcolm, b. June 15, 1885; d. Jan. 16, 1886,
vi. Kate,3 b. Aug. 12, 1S89 ; d. Nov. 23. 1901.
Yii. Infant dau., b. Dec. 20; d. Dec. 25, 1894.

GENEALOGY— MORRISON, 457

1 Donald A. ,3 (Angus.s. Kenneth.i) b. June 27, 1877; came to R. 1899; leased
a quarry on Blue Mt., from M. H. Gibson, with M. M. Morrison, and
iVlurdo McKenzie, with the firm name of D. A. Morrison & Co. After-
ward he became manager of the Osgood quarry. He m. at St. Johns-
bury, Sept. 20, 1902. by Rev. J. M. Frost, Kate, dau. Murdo J. and
Katie [Madison] McDonald. Members of U. P. ch., So. Ryegate, in
which he is an elder.

Children :

i. Kenneth Norman, * b. Sept. 7, 1903.

ii. Donald Beaton,* b. April 7, 1905.
iii. Hugh Thomas,*: b. Oct. 7, 1907.
iv. Angus Rory,* b. Jan. 20, 1910.

MORRISON.

Bradley,! Morrison, b. Groton, Oct. 10, 1802 ; came to Ryegate and bought
the farm where his gr. son, James Morrison lives, building that house
in 1829. He was an active, energetic man, one of the prominent farm-
ers of the Wells River Valley. He was m. Jan. 13, 1830, by Rev.
James Milligan, to Avis Jones (b. Topsham, April 18, 1803; d. Jan.
11, 1879.) He d. Nov. 30, 1879 ; bur. in Groton cem.
Children all born in Ryegate.

1 i. Orange G.,2 b. Feb. 4, 1832.

2 ii. James J. ,2 b. Mav 24-, 1834.

iii. Sunderland, 2 b. May 22, 1837 ; d. Oct. 7, 1839.

iv. Harriet,^ b. May 9, 1839; m. Jan. 31, 1863, Moses Brossea. She d.
Feb. 14, 1872 ; bur. Groton cem. He went west. Ch. (1) Louise A, 3
b. Dec. 4. 1864; ism. and lives in Texas. (2) Bradley, 3 b. Feb. 5,
1869; d. Nov. 3, 1873.

1 Orange G.,2 (Bradley, i) b. Feb. 4, 1832; m. by Rev. John Bole, March 1,

1855, Elizabeth, dau. David Miller (b. Ryegate, Oct. 12, 1833; d.

Groton, Dec. 5, 1811.) Members of Un. Pres. ch.. So. Ryegate; farmer

on homestead many yrs., lived six yrs. in Littleton, N. H., then at

Groton village.
Children all born in Ryegate.
i. Winona,3 b. Dec. 1855; m. 1874, A. H. Noyes of St. Johnsbury, and d.

there Oct. 20, 1907.
ii. Marion, 3 b. May, 1861 ; d. Littleton, N. H., Feb. 10, 1872.
iii. Margaret J. ,3 m. James Markham.
iv. Artemesia M.,3 b. Oct. 1865; m. Henry W. Henderson, q. v.

2 James J. ,2 (Bradley, i) b. April 24, 1S34; he m. Nov. 17. 1867, Alice Jennett,

dau. James Latto (b. 1843 ; d. Feb. 18, 1906.) They Hved in Groton,
rem. 1869 to the homestead in R. where he d. Feb. 26, 1908.
Children :
i. Orange B.,3b. July 3, 1869, on the Albert Whitehill place in Groton;
farmer on the old homestead. He m. Feb. 3, 1904, Ella Jennette, dau.
John and Sarah (Morton) Butson, (b. Topsham, July 3, 1871; ed.
com. schools, Peacham Acad, and Montpelier Sem.)
ii. Hattie Bell. 3 b. Groton, Sept. 16, 1873 ; m.Dec. 19, 1900, Herbert Ingalls
Randall (s. of Henry and Clara [Tucker] Randall, b. Newbury, Feb. 9,
1873; miller and in feed and grain bus. at Wolcott, Vt.) Ch. (1)
Earle Morrison,* (Randall) b. June 3, 1901. (2) Adlee Hattie,* b.
March 25, 1903. (3) Aileen,* b. Sept. 9, 1905. (4) Herbert Stanley,*
b. April 2, 1909. (5) Clifford Latto * b. March 26, 1911.

iii. Rosie May,3 b. Groton, July 14. 1875 ; d. March 22. 1878.

iv. Rosie May, 3 b. Ryegate, March 30, 1879 ; m. Aug. 6, 1903, William, s. of
S. P. and Abigail Welch of Groton and lives there. Ch. (1) Joanna
A.,* ) Welch) b. April 17, 1906. (2) Gertrude A.,* b. Nov. 3. 1910.

V. Alice Gertrude. 3 b. Ryegate, April 26, 1881 ; m. Sept. 16, 1903, Bernard,

458 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

s. of Dr. Seth N., and Evalona (Darling) Eastman; merchant at
Groton. Ch. (1) Cyrus Darling,* (Eastman) b. June 1 1, 1906. (2)
Seth Newton,* 2d, h. Feb. 9, 1911.
vi. Jennie Latto,8 b. Ryegate, May 24, 1885 ; d. April 1, 1906.

MORRISON.

Bradley Morrison and his wife, Sarah Emery of Groton had several children
among whom were Bradley, Jr., (see preceding record) Joseph and
another brother, and several sisters.

Joseph,! m. Sarah, 'dau. Robards Darling; 8 chil. of whom 5 are living.

GiLMORE,2 (Joseph,!) b, Groton, Jan. 11, 1833. His parents rem. to Barnet,
farmer and carpenter; lived in Ryegate many yrs., but bought the
Walter Harvey farm in Barnet where he now resides. Hem. Jan. 12,
1858, Hannah Eliza, dau. Nathaniel Knight (b. Ryegate, March 16.
1840). Members, with most of their chil., of the U. P. ch., Ryegate.
Mr. and Mrs. Morrison celebrated their golden wedding Aug. 25,
1908, all their chil. being present with their husbands and wives, with
the exception ot Mr. Goodnow and Mrs. Henry B. Morrison and two
chil. Seventeen gr. chil. were present, and the occasion was graced
by the presence of a large assemblage of friends.
Children :
i. Joseph Chandler,3 b. Ryegate, April 29, 1859; farmer; m. Sept. 14, 1887,
Christina Shields (b. Craftsbury, Aug. 12, 1858.) Ch. (1) Alexan-
der Shields,* b. Ryegate, Aug. 7, 1888. (2) Ruby Jean,* b. Peacham,
Jan. 16, 1890.

ii. Henry Bartlett.s, b. Ryegate, Oct. 30, 1860 ; res. St. Paul, Minn.; in em-
ploy of Noyes, Cutler Bros., wholesale druggists; m. Aug. 26, 1896,
Margaret Burt Bowie of St. Paul, Minn. Ch. (1) Robert Bowie,*
b. St. P., Feb. 20, 1899. (2) Henry Bartlett,* b. St. P., June 5. 1901.

iii. Nathaniel Ellsworth, s b. Ryegate, Aug. 12, 1862; carpenter.

iv. Pliny Gilmore,^ b. Ryegate, Oct. 14, 1864 ; pattern maker and partner in

Concord Foundry Co., Concord, N. H.
V. Martha McLam.a b. Ryegate, Nov. 6, 1866 ; m. May 25, 1886, James
Shields of Barnet (b. April 5, 1857.) Ch. (1) Wm. Boyd,* (Shields)
July 27, 1887. (2) James Elwyn,* b. Dec. 25. 1889. (3) Ethel Lur-
line,* b. Nov. 13, 1891 ; d. Aug. 25, 1903. (4) Olive Eliza.* b. Feb. 24,
1893. (5) Kenneth Gilmore.* b. Aug. 15, 1895; d. Feb. 16, 1896.
(6) Virgil Paul,*b. March 23, 1897. (7) Vera Lillian,* b. March 21,
1900. (8) Verna Lillian,* (twin to above). (9) Robert DeForest,* b.
Feb. 5, 19U2. (10) Lurline,* b. Jan. 4. 1904. (11) Ellsworth,* b.
Aug. 7, 1907.

vi. Ethel Vivian, 3 b. Ryegate, Aug. 18, 1868; grad. Johnson, Vt., Normal
sch., 1892.

vii. Phebe Eunice, 3 b. Barnet, Nov. 7, 1870; grad. State Normal sch., W^in-
ona, Minn., 1893; m. Jan. 4, 1899, Virgil P. Goodnow of Buffalo
Lake, Minn. Ch. (1) Virgil Keith,* b. Oct. 5, 1902. (2) Dorothy
Eunice.* b. June 21, 1904. (3) Mary Theresa,* b. Nov. 28 ; d. Dec.
1. 1907.

viii. Lillian Sarah, 3 b. Barnet, Nov. 22, 1872; grad. Moody Training sch.,
Northfield, Mass.; m. Edward Tomlinson (b.Aug. 14, 1870; Gen. Sec.
Y. .M. C. A., Wilmerding, Pa.)

ix. Caroline Knight, 3 b. Jan. 29, 1874; m Lee Somers. q. v.
X. Lawrie Byron, » b. Barnet, Oct. 17, 1875 ; Ass. Supt. Mary Fletcher Hos-
pital. Burlington, Vt.; m. Dec. 26, 1905, Fanny Rowe of Peacham (b,
Jan. 11, 1879). Ch. Harvey Rowe.'<» b. Burlington, April 15, 1907.
xi. Theresa Eleanor,3 b. Ryegate, March 3, 1878; grad. Univ. of Minn.,
1902. Went to Japan as a pioneer w^orker under the committee of
the Am. Dep. of the World's Y. W. C. A.; reached Yokohama Jan. 10,
1904 ; her work aside from learning the language was in teaching and

GENEALOGY — MORRISON. 459

conducting Bible classes among the young women students at the
various schools in Tokio. editing a small monthly periodical, and
studying the conditions of the country and its people. Left Japan in
Dec. 1905 ; now at home,
xii. Paul Knight.3 b. Ryegate, Sept. 21, 1881 ; m. Jan. 4, 1910, Ethel Eliza
Merrill of Amherst, N. H. Ch. Paul Knight,* b. Sept. lU, 1911.

MORRISON.

James,! of Bassydroon, parish of St. Ninians. Stirlingshire, Scot.; m. 1790, or
'91, Jean, dau. Robert and Jean (Foger) Melles or Maylise. He d.
1803, and she m. 2d, James Robertson and 3rd, William Henderson
(Seep. 386).
The children of James and Jean Morrison were as follows— all born in
Scotland. This record is by Mr. Miller,
i. William, 2 b. Aug. 27, 1793.
ii. Jean,2, went to Australia, and d. at about 80.
iii. Marion, 2 d y.

iv. Isabel,2 b. 1797 ; m. William Gilfillan of Barnet.

v. James, 2 (twin to Isabel) went to the West Indies, and d. a few yrs. later,
vi. Robert, 2 b. 1800 ; m. Jane McKinley and went to Michigan. 4 children.

Three others who d. y.
William, 2 (James, i) b. Balfron, Stirlingshire, Aug. 27, 1793; came to
America in 1818, worked for Thomas Nelson, bought of George Ron-
alds the farm now that of M. H. Gibson, and had the spring work
done for his stepfather, W^ni. Henderson. He m. Jan. 18, 1825, Mar-
garet, dau. Thos. Nelson (b. June 17, 1805; d. Nov. 19, 1864.) They
settled in Barnet where he d. Nov. 18, 1876. Members of the U. P.ch.
Children :
i. lean. 3 b. Oct. 17, 1825 ; d. March 12, 1827.
ii. James, 3 b. Oct. 8, 1827; d. April 18, 1835.
iii. Thomas, 3 b M-ay 17, 1829', went to Cal. and d. at San Francisco, Oct.

23, 1863.
iv. Mary M.,3b. Maj3, 1831; m. Feb. 14, 1855, Geo. Vincent Wells of
Brownstone, Mich. She was a teacher in Ryegate, making her home
with her aunt, Mrs. Dickev. Four chil., all became teachers.
V. William. 3 b. Nov. 23, 1833; d. April 6, 1835.
vi. Robert,3 b. Julv 31. 1836; d. Jan. 31, 1840.
vii. Margaret. 3 b. Dec. 3, 1839 ; m. Oct. 7, 1862, Henry A. Gilfillan of Barnet.

5 children,
viii. William, 3 b Nov. 3. 1843,

MORSE.

Henry Elkins.i son of Ephraim and Betsey Morse, who moved from Brook-
field, Mass., to Peacham ab. 1812; b. Peacham, 1828; lived near
Boltonville. He m. April 17, 1849, Marion Wallace, dau. Stephen P.
Nelson. He served in the civil war in the 9th Vt., and d. from a
wound in the temple at Yorktown, Va., Sept. 23, 1863. He was a
brother of Lucy W. Morse who m. Wm. T. Whitelaw.
Children :
i. Mary Ellen, 2 b. Oct. 31, 1850; m. Selden F. Leonard. Res. Lisbon, N. H.

Ch. Carrie Marion, 3 and Meysia Effie.3 both dead,
ii. Carleton Henry 2 b. Jan. 29, 1852; m. Lizzie Wheelock of Lisbon. Ch.
(1) Ernest,3 (dea.) (2) Earl, 3 clerk in bank in Boston. He ni. 2d a
Mrs. Hill.

iii, Effie Voroqua,^ b. Oct. 22. 1855 ; m. Richard Bennett, (b. 1848 in Cou-
burn, Eng.; machinist B. and M. R. R.) Ch. (1) Carl C..3 [Bennett]
b. Sept. 7, 1875 ; Supt. Thompson Mfg Co., Lancaster, N. H. He m.

460 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Beatrice Murphy of L. Ch. Ralph Richard.* (2) Grace M.,3 b.
Woodsville, N. H., 1879; m. 19U8, David M. Beck, traveHng sales-
man; res. Dorchester, Mass.
iv. William Whitelaw,^' b. April 12, 1857; partner ^ith Johnson & Co.,
Boston. He m. 1st, Laura Hill. Ch. Maud Marion.3 2d, Christie
Templeton. Ch. Marion 3

V. Lucy Wliitelaw,2 b. Jan. 6, 1861 ; m. 1880, Irving J. Colby of Lancaster,

N. H., and is dead. Ch. Fred C, and Beulah [Colby].

The Neilson Families of Erskine

Ryegate seems to have been very alluring to people of the Nelson name or
lineage, as representatives of several different families are found among
the early settlers. It was Mr. Miller's opinion that could the ancestry
of each be traced, a. common ancestral tree would show the various
families of the name as branches. The name \vas originally spelled
"Neilson." Mr. Miller says that A^eiV means dark or swarthy, and tha
word son, affixed, means, "Son of the dark one," an appellation
whose origin would probably carry us back several centuries. He
further says that the Neilsons are dark or brunettes, and where any of
the name have light or blonde complexions these have been derived
through inter-marriage with families of lighter hue.

The first settlers of the name spelled it in the ancient form, but by
their descendants the silent letter was gradually eliminated. The
shire of Renfrew seems to have been the ancestral home of the fam-
ily and in many parishes the name was, in 1773, and is still, very
common, in others it is not found at all. "The Church and Parish of
Inchinnan," while mentioning many names common in Ryegate, does
not include any Nelsons, and the histories of several parishes in the
shire of Fife do not mention it. All the information we can obtain is
but fragmentary, and little has been received since Mr. Miller's death.

By way ot beginning somewhere we may say that many Ryegate
people are descended from one James Neilson whose children were:
I. John, tea merchant at Paisley. He had sons James and John.
II. William, a manufacturer of Paisley, who had 3 sons and 2 daus.

III. James, a weaver in Erskine, who had sons and daus.

IV. Robert, a stockbroker in London, who never married.
V. Isabel, m. John Ritchie, settled and died in Ryegate.

VI. Janet, w^ho m. Archibald Neilson.

VII. Elizabeth, m. James Esden; died in Ryegate.

Mr. Miller says that this Archibald Neilson, who m. Janet Neilson,
■was brother to his gt. gr. father, William Neilson, who settled in Rye-
gate in 1773. This establishes the connection between several of the
early families. Archibald Neilson was a blacksmith and farrier to
Lord Blantyre. Archibald and Janet (Neilson) Nelson had children:
James, Archibald and John, Ann, who m. 1st, John Peden, and 2d,
Alexander Cochran, q. v., Isabel, who m. Archibald Mason (see Ma^n
fam.), Mary, Jean, Margaret and Elizabeth. The Jean Neilson just
mentioned m. James Lauder, who was a plowman to Lord Blantyre.
Some years after marriage they came to Topsham and reared a large
family, but their only representatives in this vicinity are Mrs. Geo. 1^.
Hall and her daughters.

In preparing this introductory sketch of the Neilson families the
editor acknowledges the kind assistance of Mrs. Bertha Bullock Fol-
som of Chicago.

William Neilson the pioneer, who came here in 1773, has had a
larger number of descendants than any other man who ever lived in
Ryegate, but his ancestry is not known. If any of the letters he re-
■ceived from Scotland have escaped destruction, they may contain

GENEALOGY— NELSON. 461

much relating to his family. Two William Neilsons were members of
the Scotch Co., William, "wright," in Gateside, Inchinnan, and Wil-
liam, tarmer, in Glenshinock, Erskine. The 2d Neilson family is that of
James, half-brother of William, and the 3d is William Neilson 2d from
Balfron whose father's name was Alexander and that is all we know
about him. A third William Neilson lived in Newbury near to Ryegate
coming from Bothwell in 1836, buying "The Hermitage," on which
Hon. Peter Burbank had lately died. He m. a dau. of Wm. Buchanan
and his 3 dau's m. into Ryegate families. He was known as "Scotch
Nelson," to distinguish him from the others, but his relation, if any,
to the Ryegate families is not known. Three brothers from southern
N. H., Enoch, Jonathan and Stephen P. Nelson settled in Newbury,
below Boltonville, and some of their chil. m. in Ryegate. The latest
accession to the Nelson families is Mr. Yeaton D. Nelson who is from
Maine.

NELSON.

William Nelson Family.

William Neilson, as the name was spelled by himself and his sons, ancestor
of a numerous race, was b. in Erskine, Renfrewshire, Scotland, in
1742. His mother died when he was an infant and he was brought up
by a Highland nurse. He learned the carpenter's trade and while
working with David Allan became acquainted with some of the men
who were talking of forming a company to settle in America and
joined heartily with them. He was very ambitious and could not rest
content to be, all his life, a tenant farmer; was very active in forming
the Scots-American Company and probably had more money to put
in it than any other of the colonists, as his first drawing of land was
eight lots, a larger share than that of any one else. He m. ab. 1765,
Jean Stewart of Erskine. gt. gr. dau. of John Miller (See Edward Mil-
ler Family). William Nelson was one of the first of the company to
leave Scotland. The parents of his wife were opposed to her coming
to America and had even persuaded her to remain with thern. She
accompanied him to Glasgow to see him ofi", but when the time for
parting came, her affection for her husband prevailed, and she cast her
lot with his. They sailed on the brig Jean for Portsmouth, N. H. The
vessel was old and out of repair ; it was only by good fortune and
constant care, in which his skill as a carpenter was often called into
service, that it was kept afloat on what proved to be its last voyage,
and they made harbor one day ahead of a great storm. They arrived
in Ryegate, Oct. 7, 1774-, with their three children, Patrick Lang and
family, David Reid and wife, being of the company. He settled on the
farm now owned and occupied by Wesson Sargent. While building
his cabin he boarded in Newbury, going to and fro daily. In two
years he had cleared considerable land and put up good buildings.

Before leavmg Scotland he bought merchandise some, of which he
sold at Portsmouth and exchanged the rest at Newbury for seed,
and necessaries for his family. He is said to have brought to Ryegate
a considerable sum of specie, carefully packed in tubs of lard. His
courage in remaining alone in the town during the alarm in 1776 is
elsewhere related. At some time he was elected lieutenant in the
militia and in the old records is usually designated by his military title.
His broadsword brought from Scotland, is owned by Mrs. A. A. Miller.
In person he was about five feet ten inches in height, very muscular,
remarkable for the powerful grip of his hands, and many anecdotes
were current in Mr. Miner's time of his great strength. When after
his cows at one time he met a bear, and killed him with no weapon
but a stout staff". Mr. Nelson invested very advantageously in wild

462 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, YERMONT.

lands in that part of Lyman, N. H., now called Monroe, and in other
towns as well. The records of the Grafton registry at Woodsville,
show the extent and variety of his purchases in that county. He built
the first saw mill at East Ryegate, where he sawed great quantities of
lumber ; was one of the first to engage in the transportation of manu-
factured timber down Connecticut river, and was one of the earliest
proprietors in a boating company plying between Wells River and
Hartford, Connecticut. In the grand list of 1789 he is given as the
owner of 654 acres of wild and 46 acres of cleared land. He had
31 cattle and two horses, while in his family in the previous year,
there had been produced 300 yds. of tow or linen cloth and 100 yds.
of woolen. He raised grain and young stock which he sold to the
people who w^ere settling in the towns north of Ryegate. He held all
the town offices and was town representative in 1799, when the Gen-
eral Assembly met at Windsor, and in 1800, when it convened at
Middlebury. Before there was stated preaching in Ryegate, he with
his wife and older children often walked on the Sabbath to the meet-
ing house at Newbury, returning after service. William Nelson and
wife were among the earliest members of the Associate church, and
he was one of those from Ryegate who signed the call, in concur-
rence with the Barnet congregation, to Rev. David Goodwillie. His
was a very religious family in which the Sabbath was kept with
the utmost strictness. He read the Bible through once a year, and
always found something new in it. In 1793, when James Whitelaw
resigned the office of manager for the Scotch Company, William Nel-
son was chosen one of three to take charge of the company's affairs,
and they executed their office with great prudence and honesty. Wil-
liam Nelson was a social man, hospitable, fond of fun and practical
jokes, sometimes being thought to carry the propensity a little too
far. Mr. Miller relates several anecdotes of his merry proceedings
and shrewd sayings which are too long for our space. One, how-
ever, will do for a sample : " Kobert Symes told me that when he was
building his house in 1823, Old Willie Nelson came along, and stop-
ping to talk with him addressed him in his brusque blunt way, ' Rob,
'you're a fule, you're a fule.' 'Oh, I know all that now,' says Rob,
'tell me something I don't know.' The old man went on. 'The birds
'first pair and then build their nest, and when finished it suits both.
'Now you will go on and build your house and make it exactly right,
' as you think, and when you get married and bring your wife home to
' it she will look it over and find this and that wrong and she will say,
'" Rob, take this out," "Rob, take this down," and the other prized
'handiwork, "Throw it away, I don't want it," and so it will be
' with all your most cherished plans, whereas if you married first you
'would get it satisfactory at the start, and save all remodeling."
' " And," said Mr. Symes, half a century later, "it turned out that the
'old man was right." In his old age he became very hard of hearing,
and used an ear trumpet. On the Sabbath he would often sit in the
pulpit in order to catch as much as possible of the sermon. Mrs.
Nelson was short and thickset, a great worker. She w^as b. in Erskine
parish in 1737. and died in Ryegate, Sept. 15, 1825. He d. Jan. 23,
1831 ; bur. at Ryegate Corner. By steady industry, enterprise and
good management he accumulated a very large property, estimated at
his death to be between eighty and one hundred thousand dollars, a
vast sum in those days, making him the richest man who ever lived in
Ryegate. His will, drawn up by Mordecai Hale of Barnet, was con-
tested by some of his heirs, and considerable money w^as spent in the
resulting litigation. William and Jean Nelson had 7 children and 72
gr. children. Twenty-eight of the latter were gr. sons, and 42 were
gr. daughters. Ten d. in infancy or childhood.

He was succeeded on his farm by his son James, and the latter by
his son Robert, and all the children of both were born there. The

GENEALOGY— MILLER. 463

farm is now owned by Wesson Sargent, whose wife is a descendant of
William Nelson. The log house built by Wm. Nelson stood s. e. of the
present buildings, and was succeeded by a frame house. The present
house was built by Robert Nelson in 1849.

In 1880 the late Edward Miller, a gt. gr. son of William Nelson,
desiring to preserve the records of his ancestor's descendants issued a
circular setting forth his intention of publishing the records of the
Nelson family, which he sent to all of his kindred whose addresses he
could obtain, and which elicited a great amount of data and records.
He never published them, but copied them in a book, and these records
form the greater part of the Nelson annals here presented. So far as
it has been possible, these records have been verified, the later gener-
ations added and brought down to date. Many are found in the
records of families bearing other names than Nelson. In their compil-
ation a large number of persons have assisted, to each and all of
whom the editor, for himself and the Nelson family, returns hearty
thanks. The arrangement is by generations.
The children of William and Jean Nelson were :

1 I. William. 2 b. in Scotland, 1767; d. Sept. 29, 1830.

2 II. RoBERT.a b. Scotland, April, 1770; d. March 20, 1848.

III. Mary,2 b. Scotland, March or April, 1772; d. Oct, 6,1825; m. Hugh
Gardner, q. v.

3 IV. JoHN,2 b. Ryegate, Feb. 5, 1776; d. Sept. 5, 1854.

4 V. James,2 b. in R., June 1778 ; d. June 23, 1840.

5 VI. Thomas, 2 b. in R., April 4, 1780 ; d. Nov. 30, 1860.

VII. Isabel,2 b. in R., 1 785 or 1786 ; d. Nov. 14, 1831 ; m. Hugh McLaughlin

of Groton, q. v.

1 William, 2 ( William, i) b. Erskine, Scot., 1767 ; came to America with parents.

Settled in that part of Lyman, N. H., now called Monroe, at what

was called " Kurd's Location." near the foot of the Fifteen Mile Falls,

on land owned by his father, and later known as the Buffam farm.

Mr. Miller says that he inherited a larger share of his father's wealth

than either of his brothers as much of the valuable timber land came

to him. He m. 1st, ab. 1791, Hannah Moore of Bow, N. H., (b.

1772; d. Jan. 3, 1828.) They were ad. to the Asso. Pres. ch. June

24, 1797. He m. 2d, Hannah, dau. James, i Nelson (b. March 26,

1781 ; d. May 7, 1839); wid. of Henry Buchanan. William Nelson d.

Sept. 19, 1830; bur. at No. Monroe.

Children all born in Monroe. N. H.

i. William, 3 b. 1792; m. Lima Hibbard of Bath, who d. ab. 1854. He d.

Nov. 9, 1840. Noch.
ii. Elsie,3 b. 1794; d. Aug. 3, 1818.

iii. Hannah, 3 b. 1799 ; d. Feb. 15, 1834; m. Michael Stevens of Lyman, who
d. April 11, 1851. Ch. (1) Susan Morse * [Stevens] b. Bath, March
2, 1826; m. Orrm Ferguson of Lvman. (2) Henry Lang,^ b. Feb. 5,
1828; student and teacher; d. Feb. 7, 1848. (3) 'William Nelson,* b.
Oct. 3, 1831; student; d, Nov. 1850. (4) Michael,-^ b. Feb., d. Dec.
1833

6 iv. John, 3 h. Oct. 15, 1802, by Mr. Miller; Oct. 16. 1801 by W. S. Nelson.

V. Richard M.,3 b. 1806; d. suddenly, Mov. 19, 184S; m. Margaret Fergu-
son ; 3 dau. She d. Monticello, III., 1878.

7 vi. Robert Stewart, 3 b. 1808.

8 vii. Benjamin, 3 b. Aug 9, 1812.

viii. Maria Gardner,3 b. Jan. 10. 1815; m. Jan. 13, 1836, Eben W. Blake ot
Bridgeton, Me., wdio d. Oct. 25, 1874, at Littleton, N. H., aged 65.
Children :
1. Helen A.,* [Blake] b. Lovel, Me., May 24, 1837; m. Nov. 4. 1857, John
B. Jones of Barnet; rem. to Littleton, 1874, and to Spokane. Wash.,

464 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

where she d. Aug. 9, 1911; bur. No. Monroe. Ch. Kate,^ who m,
Charles Noyes of Lisbon who d. 1892. 2 daus.; and Addie M.,5 who
m. Geo. H. Lucas of Littleton. 1 dau.

2. Ann A. G.,* b. Sweden, Me., 1841 ; d. Barnet, July 7, 1857.

3. Lima M.,* b. Bridgeton, Me., June 1, 184-3 ; d. Barnet. .May 31, 1856.

4. Addie M..* b. Monroe, May 19, 1850 ; d. Waterford. July 23, 1863.

5. Frank P.,* b. Monroe, March 4, 1853 ; d. Barnet, July 28, 1857.

9 ix. Horatio,3 b. Sept. 11, 1818.

2 Robert, 2 ( William, i) b. Inchinnan. Scotland, April, 1770; lived with parents
till he m. Dec. 26, 1793, by Rev. D. Goodwillie, Agnes, dau. John
Gray (b. April 9, 1778; d. June 18, 1850.) They settled in Monroe,
N. H., where Nathan Bolton lives; captain in the militia in Lyman.
Mr. Miller says that he was a man of noble character, very liberal, to
whom the poor and unfortunate looked for help. They were ad. to
the Ass. Pres. ch. June 24, 1797. Their daus, were called very hand-
some. He d. March 20, 1848, on the farm now owned by Hugh Nel-
son ; bur. Monroe. They had 14 ch., 82 gr. ch.
Children, all burn in Monroe,
i. Jean,» b. 1794; d. Feb. 4, 1796.

10 ii. Robert G.,3 b. Jan. 28, 1796; d. Dec. 14, 1877.

iii. Hannah, 3 b. July 24. 1798; m March 18, 1819, Comer Paddleford of
Lyman (b. Enfield, N. H., Feb. 18, 1793; d. June 10, 1877). She d.
April 29, 1889.
Children :

1. Jean,* [Paddleford] b. Jan. 1820; m. John Moore of Barnet; d. Feb. 17,

1873. 5 ch.

2. Wm. G ,4 b. March 9, 1823; m. Lovina Stanley. 1 son, Wm. ]., m,

Hattie Hall.

3. Jared * d. aged 10 days.

4. Comer B.,* b. May 18, 1829; twice m., no chil. by 1st m. 2d, to Eliza-

beth French Harding. 2 daus.

5. Eliza,^ b. 1831 ; m. Luke G. Spencer of St. Johnsbury. 1 dau., Mrs. E.

S. Truax.

6. Agnes,* b. June 1834 ; m. Nathan T. Bolton. 5 ch.

7. Peleg H.,* b. Nov. 1837; m. Martha Moulton.

iv. Mary N. ,3 b. May 23, 1800; m. Jan. 24, 1822, Nathan Batchelder (b.
Bath, Feb. 9. 1798; d. May 15, 1892). Farmer in Monroe Plain on
the edge of Bath, where he built a brick house ; rem. to Barnet, where
he was an elder in the U. P. ch. She d. in Bath, Dec. 21 , 1858, and he
m. 2d. Mrs. W. H. Duncan at Barnet Ctr. He lived where James Gil-
fillan now lives.
Children :

1. Hannah,* [Batchelder] b. Nov. 21, 1822 ; d. March 11, 1860.

2. Agnes,* b. Oct. 28, 1823; m. Feb 19, 1846, Robert S. Gilkerson.

3. James,* d. in inf 1825.

4. EHzabeth,* b. March 25. 1827 ; d. Jan. 8, 1848.

5. Robert,* b. Jan. 14, 1829; d. March 4, 1833.

6. John,*b. 1830; d. 1833.

7. Mary,* b. Feb. 5, 1833 ; m. Luther Gilkerson. 2d, Jacob W. Luce.

8. Nathan,* b. 1835; d. 1839.

9. William,* b. Feb. 12,1837; m. Elizabeth, dau. Bartholemew Gilkerson.

Rem. to Kan.; Elder in U. P. ch. 5 ch.

10. Isabel,* b. Oct. 30. 1839 ; d. Sept. 17, 1852.

11. David,* b. Nov. 11, 1842 ; served in the Union army, 15th N. H.; wounded

at Port Hudson ; d. New Orleans, June 13. 1863.

12. Cynthia J,* b. Dec. 28, 1844; m. Geo. Lockey ; went to Kan.
V. Margaret, 3 b. June 4, 1 802 ; m. Samuel Peters, q. v.

vi. John G.,3 b. Aug. 19 ; d. Aug. 31, 1804.

11 vii. David, 3 b. Oct. 3, 1805.

TOHN F. NKLSON.

JAMES NELSON,

JOHN NELSON.

ROBERT NELSON.

MRS. ISABEL (BUCHANAN) NELSON.

GENEALOGY — NELSON. 465

viii. John G.,3 b. Aug. 16, 1807 ; d. Nov. 8, 1810.
ix. Agnes,3 b. Aug. 26, 1809 ; m. Sept. 24, 1835, Truman Bailevof Littleton,
N. H., gt. gr. s. of Gen. Jacob Bayley, who d. Jan. 24, 1859. 2d,
James Shaw of Barnet. She d. Peacham, June 8, 1890 ; he d. July 18,
1890, aged 90. She was Mr. Miller's 1st school teacher.
Children by 1st marriage.

1. Margarets [Bailey] b. 1837. who m. 2d, Robert Stevenson of Barnet.

2 ch. Died Peacham, Aug. 26, 1879.

2. Mary E.,* d. y.

3. Robert N.,* served in the 15th Vt., in the Civil war; m. Helen Hooker.

3ch. Hed. Aug. 5, 1909.

4. Hannah A.,* b. Peacham. Feb. 22, 1842 ; m. Richard B. Shaw. 4 ch.

5. Nathan J.* Went to Cal., and m. there.

6. David T.,* went to Honolulu ; m. Hattie Lewis. 3 ch.

7. Ruth Emma,* m. Wm. GilfiUan. 4 sons, Fred, Hiram, Henry, Francis,
X. Eliza,3 b. Nov. 11, 1811 ; d. April 20, 1884; m. W. J. Gibson (p. 354).

12 xi. Nathan,3 b. July 8, 1814.

xii, Isabel, 3 b. Nov. 9, 1816 ; m. William Warden, q. v.

xiii. Alice,3 b Oct. 12, 1819; ra. Jan. 16. 1842, Samuel Cleasbv (b. Danville,
Nov. 15. 1820; d. July 10. 1877). Shed. June 26, 1887. They lived
in Littleton, where all their ch. were b.
Children :

1. George W.,* who served in Co. D, 13th N. H.,in the Civil war; m. Juliette

Smith. 2 ch.

2. Ellen A.,* a successful teacher more than 30 yrs.; m. Junifer Moulton of

Lisbon.

3. David N.,* m. Wilhemina Perkins. 3 ch.

4. and 5. Robert'*^ and Arthur,* who d. y.

6. Wilfred,* m. Clara Mooney.

7. JohnF.

xiv. Ruth P.,3b. Feb. 5, 1823; m. Nov. 24,1852, Curtis Paddleford. Ch.
.Morris G.,* and Agnes,* who d. y, and Mary E.* Shed. Dec. 16,
1898.
3 John, 2 (William,) b. Ryegafe, Feb. 5, 1776, the 2d birth among the Scotch
settlers. He m. 1st, at Acworth, N. H., March 22. 1814. Helen Dun-
can who d. one month and one day later. He m. 2d, 1818 or 1819,
Alary, dau.Hugh and Jennie [Cochran] Findlayof Acworth (b. 1784;
d. April 25, 1865.) Members of Asso. Pres. ch. ab. 40 yrs. He was
a prominent man in town holding many offices and greatly respected.
Town rep. 1814; del. to Cons Con. 1814. His farm is now owned by
his gr. son, S. F. Nelson. He d. Sept. 5, 1854.

Children all born in Rvegate.
i. Mary Jane ^b. March 9, 1820; m. ab. 1855, James McBride; went to
Iowa.

John Findlay.3 b. Dec. 4, 1821.

Janet Cochran, 3 b. June 21, 1823; m. Rev. John D. Cunningham.

William Hugh. 3 b. [une 22, 1825.

Elizabeth Ann, 3 b. Nov. 14, 1827; m. Rev. Fenner R. King.

Margaret Sophia,3 b. April 15, 1830; m. Rev. James M. Beattie, q. v.

Robert J ,« b. March 20, 1832.

Agnes Annot,3 b. March 20, 1837; m. Rev. J. M. Dickson, q. v.
James, 2 (William, i) b. Ryegate, June, 177S; succeeded his father on the
homestead and all his chil. were b. there. He was prominent in town
and church; town rep. 1829. '30, '31, '33; del. to Cons. Con. 1828.
He m. 1st, Dec. 28. 1808, Agnes, dau. Wm. Gibson (b. Scotland, Jan.
12. 1786; d. Dec. 4, 1838). 2d, June. 1839, Jean, sister of Walter
Roben, and wid. of Andrew Buchanan, who d. 1863.

Children :

18 i. William Gibson, 3 b. March 27. 1809.

19 ii. Jean Stewart,3 b. Aug. 28, 1810.

13

ii.

14

iii.

15

iv.

16

V.

vi.

17

vii.

viii.

4

JAI

466 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

iii. Margaret,3 b. April 28, 1812; m. Wm. Holt, q. v.

iv. John James, 3 b. April 26, 1814; d. Nov. 27, 1838.

V. Mary,3 b. Mav 21, 1816 ; d. Nov. 13, 1893, un-m.

vi. Elizabeth, 3 b. May 19. 1818; d. Nov. 15, 1838.

20 vii. Robert.3 b. Feb 24, 1820.

2lYiii. James,3 b. Julv 11, 1821.

ix. Peter,3 b. June 27, 1823 ; d. Mav 27, 1 839.

X. Alexander,3 b. Dec. 15, d. Dec. 25, 1826.

5 Thomas,2 (William,!) b. April 4, 1780. He m. by Rev. David Sutherland,

Sept. 28, 1804, Mary, dau. David Allan (b. Inchinnan, Scot., 1781 ; d.
Jan. 28, 1864.) She was a woman of rare courage and decision. She
came from Scotland with her mother in 1801. None of her brothers
would stay in Ryegate, so she took the management of the farm her-
self. She worked for Capt. John Gray till she had earned two cows,
after going alone after dark through the wilderness to see if her mother
was properly cared for. Some time after a dispute arose about the
larm and a law suit resulted. It was necessary that certain papers
should be had from her brother in New York State, and she went on
horseback without guide or protector, many miles lying through an
unbroken wilderness. She secured the papers, and set out on her
return, and persevered through a storm lasting several days when all
the streams were overflowed, carr3'ing the papers in her shoes. She
reached home just in time to redeem the farm. Mr. Mason says that
she had a companion named Annette Nelson, and that they dressed
like Indians. Thos. Nelson and his wife bought of Wm. Gilfillan the
farm afterward owned by their son, Maj. Thos. Nelson, where both
died. He d. Nov. 30, 1860; bur. Ryegate Corner. Town rep. 1837.
Children :
i. Margaret,3 b. June 17, 1805; d. Nov. 19, 1864; m. William Morrison,

ii. Jane!3 b. Feb. 18, 1808; m. John.3 (John,^ Williai^il Gibson, q. v.
iii. William, 3 b. May 31. 1800 ; d. May 12, 1821. /- r'.V
iv. Mary. 3 b. Oct. 31, 1811; d. Aug. 16, 1850.'"''
V. Janet,3 b. July 2, 1812; d. Nov. 15, 1842.
vi. Elizabeth,3b. Oct. 17; d. Nov. 4, 1814. ^^^^qx ano
22 vii. Thomas, 3 b. Jan. 15, 1816. .qunoation*.

viii. Elizabeth Allan, 3 b. June 17, 1818; m |,iiiir» Diplrrji q > Shed. June

10, 1853. ■-' ' "

ix. David. 3 b April 20, 1820; d. June 14, 1861 ; m. Feb. 13, 1842, Martha
C. Dole of Danville, who m. 2d, John Cameron and 3d, Jackson P.
Morrill.
22a X. William J.,3 b. Dec. 5, 1822.

xi. Sarah, 3 b. July 4, 1824; d. Dec. 10, 1845.
xii. Isabel, 3 b. April 14, 1826 ; m. Reuben M. Slye, q. v.

6 John, 3 (William, 2 William, i) b. Lyman, Oct. 15. 1802; m. Jan. 15. 1823,

Harriet, dau. Daniel Kelsea. (Hugh Kelsea, father of Daniel, em.
from Londonderry, Ire., to Londonderry, N. H.) She d. April 23,
1885 ; he d. Feb. 15. 1865. (This record is Mr. Miller's )
Children all born in Monroe.
i. William Curtis.'i b. March 2. 1824; m. Persis, dau. Seth Paddleford ; rem.
to Hillsboro, 111.. 1855; innkeeper; en. 1862, 23d 111.; taken prisoner
1864, conf. in Florence prison and so nearly starved that he d. four
days after exchange in Jan. 1865. A son who is d., and a dau. who
m. Rev. Mr. Hussey, a Baptist min. in 111.

ii. and iii. George * and Eliza, ^^ d. y.

iv. John Milton,* b. June 5, 1833 ; m. 1856, Sarah Wilson of 111.; d. Grinnell,
la.. April 13, 1882. One son, James M.s
22b V. Edwin.* b. Sept 1, 1836; m. Aug. 26, 1860, Phebe J. Gibson of L. who
d. 1877. 4 sons.

vi. Almon,* d. y.

GENEALOGY — NELSON. 467

vii. Henry C.,* b. Sept. 21, 1844; m. Mary L. Moulton of Bath. He was a

farmer on homestead. 1 son.
viii. Lucy Moore,* b. 1853; m. a Pres. minister; living at Litchfield, 111.,
1884.

7 Robert Stuart.s (Wm.,2 Wm.,i) b. 1808; m. 1833, Eliza Kelsea. and went

to 111., where he was an active bus. man at Hillsborough and d. ab.
1856. She d. Aug. 20. 1860.
Children :

23 i. William Wallace,* b. Oct. 29, 1833.

ii. Marietta,* m. Edward B. Randall. 2 dau.

24 iii. Robert Stuart,* b. 1836,

8 Benjamin,3 (Wm.,2 Wm.,i) b. Aug. 29, 1812; m. April 18, 1833, Emily, dau.

James Moore of Barnet; went to 111. Ch. (1) Geo. W.* (2) Annette.*
(3) James M..* who was sergeant in the 12th U. S. Inf and killed in
the battle of the Wilderness. (4) Horatio.* (5) Emily A.* (6) Benj.
P.* (7) Wm. W.* (8) John M.* (9) Richard M.*

9 HoRATio,3 (Wm.,2 vvm.,1) b. Sept. 11, 1818; m. 1836, Angeline, dau. James

Moore; rem. 1836 to 111.; farmer and merchant till 1858. when he
joined the So. 111. Conference of M. E. ch. Twelve yrs. an itinerant
min. without losing an appointment. Ret. 1876 and d. at Bunker
Hill, IS., July 29, 1878. 5 ch. allHved in 111.

10 Robert G.,3 (Robert.2 WiUiam.i) b. Lyman, Jan. 29, 1796; m. Dec. 21, 1822

by Rev. Thos. Ferrier, Cynthia, dau. Jabez Bigelow (b. Ryegate, March
4, 1799; d. Barnet, April 4. 1883.) He d. at Peatone. Kan,, Dec. 14,
1877.
Children :
i. Maveric S.,* b. March 9, 1824 ; d. Alton, 111., Jan. 1852.
ii. Laura J.,*b. Aug. 9, 1825; m. Alanson S. Moore, q. v.
iii. Peter Irving,* b. May 27, 1827; m. March 15, 1860, Agnes, dau. James

Lang ; lived in Barnet. Ch. Louisa,^ Irving. ^ and James. ^
iv. William R.,* b. June 13, 1829 ; m. May 1, 1854, Lydia J. Way. 7 ch.

25 V. Jabez Bigelow.* b. Nov. 8, 1832.

vi. Cynthia Ann,* b. Aug. 5, 1835; m. June 5,1861, John Bryant of Lyn-

field, Mass.
vii. Agnes E.,* b. April 6. 1838 ; d. Barnet, Julv. 1, 1873.
viii. Sirena Isabel,* b. Sept. 27, 1840 ; d. Nov. 17, 1841.

11 David,3 (Robert.2 William. i) b. Lyman, Oct, 3, 1805; m. Jan. 29, 1834, by

Rev. David Sutherland, Isabel, dau. Wm. Hyndman of Lyman; rem.
1837 to Brighton, 111.; farmer there; ret. to Monroe, 1856, and
tended the grist mill there; in 1858 he moved to Mclndoes Falls; in
1864 he ret. to the west and settled at Remington, Ind., where he d.
Nov. 24, 1883. He was a prominent abolitionist and station agent
on the "underground railroad," for 20 yrs. He held strong Anti-Ma-
sonic views and withdrew fron; the church on account of his opposi-
tion to secret societies. David Nelson v.'as a very strong luan, and
once carried a barrel of flour from Mclndoes to Monroe Plain. 9 chil.
who all settled in the west.

12 Nathan.3 (Robert.2 vVm.,i) b. Lyman, N. H., Julv 8, 1814; m. Nov. 30, 1843,

Mary Ann Paddleford (b. July 26, 1823).'
Children :
i. Philip P..* b. Dec. 30, 1844; m. Marv, dau. Robert Gilkerson ; res. So.

Dak. 4 ch.; d. Feb. 18, 1892.
ii. Louisa Moulton,* b. Aug. 30, 1847; m. Ezra A. Day, merchant at New-
bury, Vt., Lisbon, N. H., and Worcester, Mass., where they res.
iii. Abbie.* (twin to Louise) d. Sept. 12, 1847.
iv. Herbert,* b. March 31. 1852 ; went to Cal.
V. Frederic,* b. Dec. 4, 1855; went to Cal.
25avi. Hugh,* b. Nov. 2, 1858; res. Monroe. N. H.; m Feb. 1, 1888, Eliza, dau.
N. S. Bolton.

4.68 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

vii. Annie M.,* b. March 22. 1866 ; went to Cal.

John F., 3 (John, 2 WilHam,i) b. Dec. 4, 1821; edu. in dist. sch., and taught
school several winters. He was very prominent in both town and
church, holding all offices and w^as town rep. 1867, '68. Joined the
U. P. ch. Sept. 30, 1858; ord. Elder, June 26. 1873. He m. Dec. 24,
1849, Mary G.. dau Alexander Gibson (b. April 5. 1823; d. March 20.
1896.) He was killed by a vicious bull on his own premises, Sept. 7,
1892.
, Children :
i. Marietta Jane,* b. Oct. 14, 1850; d. un-m. July 15, 1900.

26 ii. John H.,*b. Junes. 1853.

27 iii. Samuel F. F..* b. May 6, 1856.

28 iv. Lizzie J.,* b, March 13, 1859.

V. Sarah Janet,* b. July 6, 1861; m. Nov. 23, 1910, J. C. Janes of Wyo-
ming.

29 vi. Harry A., b. Mav 24, 1863.

30 vii. William H.,4> b. Nov. 2, 1868.

14 Janet Cochran, 3 (John,2 Wm.,i) b. June 21, 1823; m. Sept. 5, 1844, Rev.

John Dunlap Cunningham (b. Sept. 7, 1813 ; d. Sept. 7, 1872. ) She d.
Oct. 23, 1871. He was for many 3'ears in the ministry of the Asso-
ciate Pres. ch.
Children :
i. Mary Isabella,* [Cunningham] b. Nov. 1, 1845; d. Sept. 16, 1865.
ii. v'^amuel Nelson.* b. May 21, 1847 ; d. lulv 4, 1871.
iii. Margaret Jane,* b. Aug, 29, 1850; d. March 31, 1872.
iv. John Dunlap,* b. Nov. 10, 1852. Member of Asso. Pres. ch. ; m. March

23, 1875.
v. James Mitchell,* b. Oct. 25, 1855. Member of United Pres. ch.; m. Sept.

25, 1875.
vi. William Findley,* b. April 23, 1858. Member of Asso, Pres. ch.
vii. Marshall Beattie,* b. April 7, 1860. Member of Meth. Epis. ch.; m.

Nov. 7, 1888.
viii. Fenner Dickson,* b. Sept. 8. 1862; d. Feb. 2, 1863.
ix. Elizabeth Jane,* b. Dec. 31. 1863. Member of U. P. ch.; m. March 1,
1883.

15 William Hugh. 3 (John, 2 WilHam,i) b. June 22, 1825; merchant at No.

Haverhill, N. H., from about 1860 some 10 or 12 yrs.; merchant at
Lawrence, Mass., also at Oliverian Brook, Haverhill, N. H., later till
d. Nov. 27, 1886. He m. Jan. 6, 1S52, Margaret, dau. Wm. and
Anabel [Kennedy] Monteith (b. Jan. 21, 1829.)

Children :
i. Anabel Margaret,* b. April 11, 1853; m. June 16, 1885, Scott Sloan,
lawyer, of Haverhill, N. H. Res. Lebanon, N. H.

ii. John WilHam,* b. Aug. 14. 1854; d. Hamilton, Montana, Nov. 24, 1904;
twice m. One ch. by 1st m., three bv 2d

iii. Orinda Jane,* b. May 4. 1856; m. Jan.' 18, 1882, William W. Brock, Jr.,
of South Newbury, Vt. Ch. Frank Nelson, 5 b. Dec. 6. 1882 ; farmer
with his father; m. June 19, 1907, Louise Carleton, dau. Dea. Sidney
Johnson of Newbury. Ch. (1) William Johnson, » b. Dec. 30.1909.
(2) Leonard Nelson,' b. Aug. 17, 1911.

iv. Mary Lizette,* b. Oct. 10, 1857; m. at Kahului, Hawaiian Islands, Alex-
ander Bailey. She d. Jan. 1, 1888. Ch. Margaret Stuart,' b. May
16, 1886.

V. [anet Cunningham,* b. Dec. 6, 1858 ; d. Jan. 10. 1892.

vi. Martha Annot,* b. Feb. 21, 1860 ; m. Oct. 21, 1885, Charles F. Bailey of
Haverhill, N. H.; res. Lawrence, Mass.. Ch. (1) Randall Monteith,'
b. May 8. 1890. (2) Alan Nelson,' b. Aug. 18, 1894.
vii. Laura Kimball,* b. July 31, 1861; m. 1st, June 2, 1886, Lucius K.

GENEALOGY — NELSON. 469

Hazen of St. Johnsbury. Ch. Margaret Ouida.s b. April 16,1890.

She m. 2d, Feb. 17, 19u7, Dr. Rufus Thurston of Boston, Mass., and

res. there. Dr. T. d. April 8, 1911.
viii. Sophia Beattie,* b. March 21, 1863; d. July 26, 1871.
ix. Lois Lydia^b. May 20, 1865; m. Sept. 16, 1891, Benjamin R. Atwood

of Provincetown, Mass.; res Somerville, Mass. Ch. (1) Janet, ^ b.

June 20, 1892 ; d. Nov. 22, 1904-. (2) Doris.s b. Oct. 6. 1897.
X. Alexander Peter, *i^ b. July 7, 1867; m. Seattle, Wash., 1904, Margaret

Shaunessey ; res. Aberdeen, Wash.
xi. Caroline Elizabeth,* b. Nov. 26, 1869 ; d. June 26. 1875.
xii. "Gertrude Alma.* b. Sept. 14. 1872; m. June 22, 1892. James P. Stearns

of Springfield, Mass. Ch (1) Dorothy Nelson.s b. May 26, 1893. (2)

Scott Monteith,5 b. April 28, 1898.

16 Elizabeth Ann,^ (John, 2 William, i) b. Nov. 14. 1827; grad. Newbury Semin-

ary, 1851 ; teacher. Was m. Aug. 10, 1854 by Rev. James Mc Arthur
to Rev. Fenner E.King. (He was b. at Cambridge, N. Y., Dec. 25,
1825; grad. Wesleyan University, 1854; entered the faculty of New-
bury Seminary, 1855; principal, 1858-'62; in the ministry of the M.
E. Church 1862—67. when his health gave way; farmer at Corydon.
Wayne Co., Iowa till death March 30,1869.) She again became a
teacher and taught 15 years and is still actively engaged in Sunday
School and Missionary work. She has had 18 gr. ch. of VnThom 13
are living.
Children :
i. William Nelson,* [King] b. Newbury, May 9, 1858; farmer and stock

dealer at Corydon, Iowa,
ii. Fred Ervin,* b. Newbury, Oct. 18, 1860; ed. Lawrence, Mass., and New-
bury Seminary ; Supt of city schools at Escanaba, Mich. Received
degree of A. B. in special course and expects to receive degree of A, M.,
from the Univ. of Baltimore.

iii. John Wesley.* b. Cabot, Vt. , Oct. 14, 1862; farmer near Corydon, Iowa.

iv. Laura Anna,* b. Jonesville, N. Y., Jan. 8, 1867; m. C. A. Meredith, a law-
yer of Cass Co., Iowa, which he has twice represented in the legisla-
ture.

17 Robert J.,3 (John,2 Wm.,i) b. March 20, 1832; m. Aug. 29, 1865, by Rev-

J. M. Beattie, Margaret B., dau. Wm. Nelson of Newbury (b. July 29,
1836). Rem. to Iowa, 1867 ; ret. 1876 ; went back to Iowa. 1890.
Children :
i. Annie,* b. Iowa. Nov. 17, 1868; m. Jan. 1, 1901, E. M.Probasco, lawyer

at Vinita, Ind. Ter.
ii. William John.* b. Dec. 10. 1870.

iii. Agnes Annot,* b. Ryegate, Sept. 4, 1878 ; m. Dec. 6, 1900, Frank C. Dow-
ney of Dexter. Iowa,
iv. Mary Belle,* b. Jan. 1, 1881 ; d. Jan. 7, 1903.

18 William Gibsox,^ (James. 2 William, i) b. Ryegate, March 27,1809. Studied

under Rev. Wm. Pringle. Ap. 1833, Captain, 3d Co. 1st Reg. Inf 2d
Brigade of Vt. militia; stvidied medicine and grad. Dartmouth Med-
ical College. Nov. 16, 1836, and was made demonstrator of anat-
omy, and later instructor in surgery. He declined the chair of surgery,
made vacant by the retirement of Prof Mussey, insisting that the
position should be held by an older man, and Dr. Dixi Crosby was
chosen. He also attended Harvard Univ. and was for a time, surgeon
to the Marine Hospital. In practice in Barnet till May, 1845, where
he was widely and favorably known, and was the first to perform
several important operations, one being the removal of a portion of
the intestine in a case of strangulated hernia. He m. at Cambridge,
N. Y., March 14, 1839, Eliza Mary, dau. of Rev. Alexander Bullions,
D. D., and sister of the wife of Rev. Wm Pringle, gr. dau. of Rev.
David Goodwillie. Rem. to Cambridge, N. Y.. in May. 1845. His
departure from Vermont was greatly regretted. Sir Thaddeus Fair-

470 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

banks offered him a house in St. Johnsbury if he would locate there.
He became a leading physician and surgeon in that part of N. Y.,
where he d. Feb. 7, 1852. His death was greatly lamented, as he was
not only an eminent physician, but a man of singularly winsome tem-
perament, of strict integrity, and unselfish devotion to the duties of
his profession. Mrs. Nelson d.
Children :
i. Alexander Bullions,* b. Harnet, 1840; d. y.
ii. Mary Ellen, * b. Barnet, 184.2 ; d. y.

iii. William Henry,* b. Barnet, 184+ ; d. in the Union Army in Va.
31 iv. James Robert,* b. Cambridge, N. Y.. 1848.

V. Seraph Stevenson,* b. Cambridge, 1851; d. 1899.
19 Jean Stewart, ^ (James, 2 William, i) b. Aug. 28, 1810; attended Peacham
Academy; m. Feb. 2, 1837, by Rev. Wm. Pringle, to Nathaniel Batch-
elder of "Bath (b. May 9, 1803.) Lived in Barnet, 1837-'41, Ryegate,
1841-'51, Barnet. 1851. till death. He d. Jan. 26, 1891. She d. Jan.
11, 1892. Members of the United Pres. chs. of Ryegate and Barnet.
Nathaniel Batchelder, was a son of James Batchelder, a Rev. Sol.
from Deerfield, N. H., who was with Washington at Valley Forge and
Yorktown. He was a descendant of Rev. Stephen Batchelder, a noted
citizen of Newbury, Mass., and Hampton, N. H., who came from Eng-
land in ] 630.
Children :
i. Agnes G.,* [Batchelder] b. Barnet, Nov. 20. 1837; m. Nov. 11, 1862 to
Andrew G. S. Corliss at Danville, by Rev. John Eastman. Res. in
Cabot.
Children :

1. James L.,5 [Corliss] b. Nov. 13, 1863; d. Sept. 11, 1865.

2. Allie Iean,5 b. Jan. 26, 1867 ; m. June 14, 1876, Geo. A. French of Cabot ;

res. E. Rochester, N. Y. (a) Charles E.,6 [French] b. Jan. 30, 1887.
(b) Agnes E..6 b. Jan. 1. 1891 ;d. Barre, Vt., Sept. 11, 1892. (c)
Ethel .Vlay,6b Barre. May 1.1893. (d) Harrv A.,s b. Cabot, Oct.
24. 1894. (e) Henry E.,6 b. Sept. 25. 1896 ;"'d. 1898. (f) Flora
Belle,6 b. Nov. 2, 1898. (g) Theodore R.,6 b. Feb. 16, 1903.

ii. James,* [Batchelder] b. Barnet, March 20, 1841 ; m. 1861. Mary Fuller.
He enlisted from R. into Co. F, 13th Vt.; d. at Union Mills, Va., April
13. 1863. Ch. Margaret J.,5 b Ryesate, May, 1862; m. Wm. Rog-
ers; res. Lyndon, Vt.

iii. Nathaniel,* [Batchelder] b. Ryegate, Vt.. Dec. 5, 1843; enlisted in Co. A,
11th Vt.; d. in rebel prison at Andersonville on Oct. 27, 1864.

iv. Margaret lane,* [Batchelder] b. Ryegate, Oct. 17, 1843; d. Barnet, Sept.
22. 185i>.

v. William John* [Batchelder] b. Rvegate, Dec. 13. 1845; m. 1st. Boston,
Mass . Nellie A. Gilman. Ch. '(1) Jean Stuart, s b. Oct. 15, 1876; m.
Oct. 7, 1896, Elmer S. Chipman. 1 Ch. Res Boston. (2) Bertha
Margaret. 5 He m. 2d. Olive E Stone; res. Loudon. N. H.

vi. George Bancroft,* [Batchelder] b. Ryegate, Dec. 4, 1848 ; m. Barnet, Jan.
1, 1871, Sylvia Tilden.
Children all born in Barnet.

1. Frank W..5 b. March 18, 1872 ; d. Barnet.

2. Katherine L.,5 b. March 9, 1874; ni. Gordon Goss of St. Johnsbury.

3. Jennie M.,^ b May 22,1876; m. Collins Brodien ; res. St. Johnsbury,

2ch.

4. Grace C.,5 b. Sept. 17, 1878; m. John Ricker of St. Johnsbury. 3 ch.

5. John T.,5 b. Aug. 17, 1880; m. June 21, 1905, Orris B. Carpenter; res.

St. Johnsbury.
vii. Marv Elizabeth,* [Batchelder] b. Rvegate, Aug. 22,1850; m. June 4,
1879. Gilbert Blair of Barnet.

DR. \VM GIBSON NKI.SOX.

SAMUEL WAKDKI.L NELSON.

DR. I. R. NELSON.

GENEALOGY — NELSON. 471

Children :

1. Nellie Marion, ^ b. April 30. 1880 ; m. Frank Shaw of Peacham. 1 ch.

2. Joseph N.,5 b. Feb. 2, 1882; res. Barnet.

3. John Batchelder.s b. April 18. 1883; res. Seattle, Wash.

4. Margaret Jean.s b. March 31, 1884; grad. Feacham Academy.

5. Mabel Agnes, ^ b. July 24, 1887 ; grad. Peacham Academy.

6. Bertha Elizabeth, 5 b. May 16, 1890.

viii. Isabel,-* [Batchelder] b. Dec. 16. 1854; m. July 4, 1883, James Morgan of
Barnet.
Children :

1. Mary Elizabeth,^ b. March 6, 1884; m. Pliny Dowse. 2 ch.

2. Albert,5 b. June 9, 1886.

3. Barbara Jean, 5 b. Jan. 16, 1899.

20 Robert, 3 (James, 2 William,!) b. Feb. 24, 1820; owned "Long Meadow
farm," which he sold to A. A. Miller; rem. to Wells River, and erected
the building now owned by John Butson. He was Justice of the Peace
30 yrs., town representative 1862, '63, holding other offices. Hem.
Dec. 20. 1849, Isabel R., dau. Andrew Buchanan (b. May 21, 1819;
d. R., March 16. 1903 ) Members of United Pres. ch. He d. at Wells
River, Oct. 24, 1900; bur. Ryegate Corner.
Children :

32 i. Robert Burns,* b. May 15, 1851.

ii. Isabel Jean,* b. July 7, 1853; m. A. A. Miller, q. v.

iii. Martha Agnes,* b. Oct. 2U, 1«55 ; m. O. H. Renfrew, q. v.
James, 2 (James,' William. i) b. [uly 12, 1821; lived for many years on the
farm which was intended for his brother, Maj. J. J. Nelson, now owned
by Mrs. J. L. Shackford. and bought the old (iray farm Nov. 1877.
In 1885 he remodeled the house which was built by V\ illiam Gray in
1822. The present house was built by him. Held all town offices and
was town representative in 1857-58. He m. bv Rev. Jas. McArthur,
Dec. 24, 1852. Mary dau. Wra. Gray (b. May 30, 1857; d. Feb. 16,
1883). Her sister Lois, was m. at the same time to Charles Stuart.
.Members of the United Pres. ch. in which he was one of the strong
pillars. Hed. July 1, 1885.
Children :
i. Lewis Henry,* b. Dec. 6, 1853. Res. in the west.

ii. Frances Ann,* b. Oct. 8, 1S56 ; m. Sumner C. Gibson, q. v., p. 361.

33 iii. George Gray,* b. Nov. 4, 1860.

iv. Isabel Agnes,* b. Jan. 3, 1866; m. Dec. 28, 1898, W. W. Lowell of So.
Dakota. Ch. (1) Ravmond Nelson, s b. xMav 7, 1901. (2) Gertrude
Frances, 5 b. Nov. 12, 1906.

Thomas, 3 (Thomas, ^ William. i) b. Jan. 15, 1816; farmer at East Ryegate,
and in the old militia rose from a private to Lieut. Col. in the 17th
Vt. rejiiment, when the militia law was repealed in 1844. At the
breaking out of the Civil war a company was formed of lumbermen in
Essex Co., who sent for Col. Nelson to come and drill them, which he
did, and became their captain, and thev became Co. I, 3d Vt. Regi-
ment. They left St. Johnsbury, July 24, 1861, Wm. F. Smith, after-
ward a Major General, lieing Colonel. Their first fight \vas at Lewis-
ville, Va., Sept. 11, 1861, in which Amos Meserve of Newbury, was
the first man killed. He was a member of Co. C, and is buried at the

^ town house in Newbnry. Capt. Nelson was badly wounded in the

toot at the battle of Savage Station, June 29, 1862 ; commissioned
Major, Jan. 15, 1863; was in 21 battles; mustered out of service at
Burlington, July 27, 1864. Lieut.-Col. S. E. Pingree, afterwards
Governor of Vt.. was his tent-mate for two vears. He held nearly
every town office ; in politics a democrat; town representative 1845

From obituary by Edward Miller.

472 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

and 1886. He was very popular, whether at home or in the army,
and universally respected. He m. March 19, 1843, Susan Bedell of
Bath (b. Sept 1. 1818; d. March 10, 1905.) "She was a woman of
great energy and activity, who managed matters at home in an able
manner, while he was fighting the battles of his country." Maj. Nel-
son d. |an. 9, 1888; funeral sermon preached by Rev. E. J. Ranslow;
bur. in Blue Mt. cemetery.
Children:
i. Thomas J.,* b. Jan. 7, 1846 ; was severely injured in childhood by the kick
of a horse ; served in the army for a time in Mass. regiment of heavy
artillery; d. un-m. in Ryegate, May 27, 1887.
ii. Sarah Addie.* b. April 27, 1847 ; m. George Cochran, q. v.

35 iii. Ellen L..* b. April 2, 1848 ; m. A. P. Gilchrist.

36 iv. Carlos W.,* b. March 25, 1850.

22a William John, 3 (Thomas, 2 William, i) b. Dec. 5,1822; farmer, owning the
farm now that of Benjamin Fuller, which his father bought in 1844,
and conveyed to him in 1845, and which he sold to Mr. Fuller in
1894, to which he added land owned by James Aiken in 1852, and a
part of the Roben farm in 1872, making a very large and productive
farm. He was the first in town to churn in any other way than by
hand power. He was also the first person to bring registered Jersey
stock into Kyegate, in 1862. In 1872 he with .VI . R. Gray brought
five registered Jersey cows from the herd of Joseph Powers in Haver-
hill, justice of the Peace, holding other town offices. He m. June 24,
1847, Nancy, dau. Arghibald Park (b. May 13, 1823; d. Jan. 10,
1887,) a woman of practical sense and great energy. Original mem-
bers of the First or Gen. Ass. at So. Ryegate, in which he was the 1st
elder. He bought, and furnished free of charge for about 12 years,
the organ still in use at that church, afterward bought by the society.
He m. 2d, Dec. 31, 1892, Meroe Angelette [Crosier] dau. Wm.,3 .Miller,
now living at Barnet. \Vm. J., Nelson d. Aug. 14, 1895. All this
family who are d. except Mrs. Buchanan, bur. So. Ryegate.

Children :
1. Martha Calista,'* b. March 22, 1849; m. David Buchanan, q. v.
ii. Morris ,4 b. June 1 2, 185 1 ; d. April 5, 1855. /

iii. Lizzie Nancy,^ b. Feb. 1 1 , 1853 ; d. June 27, 1865. /
iv. Abbie Jane.* b. Oct. 20, 1856; d. Aug, 15. 1862^5. /
V. Carrie Margaret,-* b. Feb. 19, 1859; m. Marcfr-14yl887, Frank Sly; d.

Nov. 24, 1877.
vi. John William,'* b. Dec. 1. 1861 m. March 30, 1887, Virginia J., dau.
Wm. J. Henderson. He bought the Gen. Whitelaw farm and d. there,
Dec. 7, 1893.
vi. Nancy Jane,-* b. Sept. 9, 1864; m. Nov. 9, 1892. John A. Crosier, q. v.
viii. Birdie Annabel,* b. Sept. 18, 1867 ; d. July 26. 1873.

221) Edwin,* (John, 3 William, 2 William, i) b. Monroe, N. H., Sept. 1, 1836; farmer
in Monroe till 1872; rem. to Lyman. He m. 1st, Aug. 26, 1860,
Phebe Jane, dau. Samuel and Mercy [Hoskins] Gibson (b. Feb. 23,
1840; d. Jan. 1877). 2d, 1879, Anna Hadley. No ch. 3d, 1888,
Irena Scales.
Children by first marriage.

37 i. Wilham Stuart. 5 b. June 6, 1861. ^
ii. Albert John.s b. April 19. 1865; d. Sept. 10, 1868.

iii. Frank Kelsea.^ b. Jan. 21, 1870; res. in Lisbon.
iv. George Edwin, s b. Jan. 14 ; d. Sept. 23, 1872.

By second marriage.
V. Marion Belle, ^ b. 1889 ; m. 1911, Harry Angerton of Lyman.
23 William Wallace,* (Robert S.,3 Wm.,2 Wm.,i) b. Lyman (now Monroe) N.
H., Oct. 29, 1833 ; m. there. May 20, 1856, Anna G. Emery (b. Lyman,

GENEALOGY— NELSON. 473

Dec. 3, 1837; d. Syketon, No. Dak., Sept. 23,1896.) Thev rem. to

111., 1856, and to Wells Co., No. Dak., in 1883, where he d.at Syketon,

March 22, 1905.
Children :
i. Willie,5 b. and d. Jan. 8, 1858.
ii. Allan,5 b. Oct. 18. 1860 ; m. at Syketon, No. Dak., by Rev. Wm. Griffith,

Dec. 13. 1888, Clara Knotts;res. Medford, Oregon. Ch. (1) Nellie

Fern,6 b. Dec. 28, 1889. (2) Edgar Allan, 6 b. Oct. 21, 1890. (3)

Grace E..6 b. May 5, 1893. (4) Ernest.^ b. May 21, 1895. (5)

Albert,^ b. June 8, 1903.
iii. John C.,6 b. Aug. 20, 1862 ; d. June 1, 1863.
iv. John Carlton, 5 b. May 30, 1864; in. at St Louis, Mo., Feb. 14. 1907, Ida

Williams; res. Tonna, Alaska; hotel business and mining.
v. William W.,5 b. Nov. 5, 1871 ; res. Tonna, Alaska; un-m.
vi. Minnie Stuart, 5 b. Rockbridge, 111., Jan. 13, 1»74; ed. at State Normal

School, Valley City, N. D.; teacher 3 yrs.; m. Syketon, 1898, Geo. A.

Harris, (b. Dexter!^ Mich., June 18, 1867 ; farmer at Heaton, N. D. Ch.

(1) George Carlton,6 b. June 30. 1899. (2) Gladys M.,6 b. May 28,

1900. (3) Emma M.,6 b. March 27,1903. (4) Nelson, 6 b, Jan. 17,

1908.

24 Robert Stuart.* (Robert G .,3 Wm.,2 Wm.,i) b. 1848; ed. com. sch., and

Bunker Hill Acad., served 100 days in the Union army at the close of
the Civil war, at the age of 16, having run. away to enlist ; in grain
trade and shipping bus., but is now a commercial traveler. He m.
Litchfield, 111., April 4, 1872, Harriet A. Jones.
Children :
i. Robert Stuart Kent.s b. Marvel, 111., Aug. 3, 1876;grad. Med. Dept.,
111. State Univ.; became surgeon in reg. army, and captain in the med.
corps. He m. at Manila, F. I., Dec. 24, 1904, Edith M.Wills. Ch.
(1) Janet M.e (2) Agusta Charlotte. e
i=. Wayne Stillman.s b. Marvel, 111.. Aug. 16, 1882; edu. Whipple Acad.,
Jacksonville, 111., and St. Albans Military Acad ; traveling salesman.
He m. at Peoria, 111., Aug. 2, 1904, Harriet I. Booth.
24a Susan MoRSE,5 [Stevens] (Hannah, 3 Wm.,2 Wm.,i) b. Bath, N. H.. May 2,
1826; m. April 6. 1848, Orrin Ferguson (b. Lyman, July 18, 1820)
lived in Monroe; rem. to 111.1863. (This record is by Miller with-
out change.)
Children :
i. William H.,5 [Ferguson] b. Monroe, March 16, 1849; ed. Shurtleff Coll.
111.; grad. St. Louis Med. Coll ; physibian. He m. March, 1876, Jen-
nie S. Muzzey of Bunker Hill, 111.
ii. George Edwin, ^ [Ferguson] b. Jan. 30, 1852. Telegraph op. Drowned

at Grinnell. Iowa, Sept. 4. 1878.
iii. Fred Miller,^ [Ferguson] b. Aug. 2, 1854; Prof, of Math, and Phys. in

Bethany Inst, at Godfrey, 111.
iv. Augustus Ripley, 5 [Ferguson] b. Monroe, July 12,1856; m. Elizabeth

Cate, 1874
V. Carrie Augusta Blake, 5 [Ferguson] b. April 26, 1858; res. in Monroe,
vi. Arthur Weston, 5 [Ferguson] b. Feb. 1, 1860.
vii. Charles Cushman,^ [Ferguson] b. Godfrey, 111., Sept. 28, 1874.
viii. Mary Susan, ^ [Ferguson] b. Bighton, 111., Feb. 26, 1861.

25 Jabez Bigelow,'* (Robert G.,3 Robert, 2 William, i) b. Monroe, N. H., Nov 8,

1832; went to 111.. 1850; in Lyman, 1852-54 : in Cal. Jan. 1854-'58 ;
farmer in Lyman 1858-62 ; enlisted Sept. 1862, in Co. D. 13th N. H.;
prom, to 2d Sergeant and was in command of his Co. at Cold Harbor
and Petersburg; must, out luly, 1865 ; removed to Butte Co.. Cal.,
April, 1879, later, near Los Angeles. He m. 1st, March, 1860, Rebecca
Lang of Bath, who d. 1865. 2d, Jan. 21, 1869, at Monroe, Polly
Ann, dau. John Park of Ryegate (b. March 20, 1846; d. near Los
Angeles, June 11, 1893.) He d. there 1905.

474 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children :
i. Maverick S.,5 b. Monroe, Oct. 3. 1870; d. Cal. June 16, 1884.
ii. Anna Belle. ^ b. Bath, N. H., Sept 4. 1872.
iii. Lucius William, ^ b. Monroe, N. H., Sept. 4. 1874.
iv. Alonzo B.,5 b. Cal . March 27, 1881.
V. Ella J. ,5 b. Cal., Aug. 28, 1883.
25a William R .* (Robert n.,3 Robert,2 Wm.,i) b. Lyman, N. H., June 13, 1830;
lived on his father's farm at Haverhill and E. Barnet. He m. May 1,
1856. Lydia J. W^ay (b. Lyman, April 15, 1829; d. E. Barnet, Aug.
1889.) He d. E. Barnet, Dec. 1884.
Children :
i. Horace. 5 b. .\pril 11, 1857; m. July 4, 1883, Flora Locke; res. in CaL
Ch. Locke. 6 b. Oct. 1884.
37 ii. Wilbur. 5 b. May 8, 1859.

iii. Laura, 5 b. April 6, 1861 ; teacher at Windsor, Vt.; res. with her sister at

Hartland, Vt.
iv. George A.. 5 b. March 25, 1863; farmer at E. Barnet. He m. Dec. 11.
1889, Cissie J. Miles of Waterford. Ch. (1) Miles,6 b. Sept. 1891,
(2) Margery ,"6 b. July, 1893.
V. Mary A.,5b. Jan. 2, 1865; m. 1895, Rev. C. O. Gill. Theyv^^entto China
as missionaries in 1895, but were obliged to return because of ill
health. Mr. Gill is now pastor of the Cong. ch. at Hartland, Vt.,
having had charges at Jericho, Vt., and W. Lebanon, N. H. Ch. (1)
Laura 6 (2) Stanley. ^ (3 ) Charles Farrington.^
vi. Cynthia Alice, ^ b. Jan. 7, 1867 ; res. in Boston, emp.in Partridge's studio

at Brookline.
vii. Jennie B.,^, b. July 4. 1870 ; d. Julv 15. 1885.
viii. Lydia B.,5 b. Nov. 24, 1873 ; d. F'eb. 22, 1875.

25b HuGH,-!^ (Nathan, >* Robert, 2 William. i) b. Monroe. Nov. 2, 1858; is a promi-
nent citizen of M.. owning several farms. He m. Feb. 1. 1888, Eliza,
dau. Nathaniel and Agnes [Paddleford] Bolton (b. Feb. 1. 1862.)
Children :
i. Ruth. 5 b. Feb. 20, 1892.
ii. Philip. 5 b April 6, 1894.
iii. Dorothv.s b. Sept. 29. 1895.
iv. Isabel.s'b. Dec. 14. 1903.

26 John Hamiliton,^ (John F..3 John. 2 Wm..i) b. June 6, 1853; edu. Com. Sch.

and Peacham Acad. Bought, 1884, the farm which was formerly that
of his gr. father, Alexander (^ibson, where he now res. He m. April,
22,1885, Annette, dau. Amos Abbott (b. Ryegate, Dec. 23, 1861.)
Members of U. P. ch.
Children :
i. Mae EHzabeth,^ b. Feb. 27, 1886; grad. St. Johnsbury Acad., 1906;
teacher; m. June 29, 1910, Robert E. Lewis of St. Johnsburv. Ch.
John Robert,"^ b. April 12. 1911.
ii. Walter Alexander, 5 b. June 6, 1887; att. St. Johnsbury Acad. At home,
iii. Raleigh Eugene. ^ b. Jan. 23, 1889; att. St. J. Acad.; emp. in Pittsfield,

Mass.
iv. Margaret Annette, ^ b. June 16, 1890; grad. St. J. Acad.. 1910; teacher

grad from the Clark School, Northampton, Mass., 1912.
V. John Amos. 5 b. July 26, 1894; in St. J. Acad,
vi. Philip Arthur. 5 b. Mav 27. 1896.
xii. Dorothv Agnes. ^ b. Aug. 29, 1898.
viii. Florence Ciara,5 b. Nov. 21, 1900.

27 Samuel Fremont* (John F. ,3 John, 2 William,^) b. May 5, 1856; farmer,

owning the farm of his grandfather, John Nelson. He m. Nov. 7,
1883, lanet Louise, dau. James Esden of Barnet, b. Sept. 21, 1853.
Members of U. P. ch. Town rep. 1906-07.

GENEALOGY— NELSON. 4-75

Children :
i. Harry Merton,5 b. Oct. 5,1884; grad. Cornell Univ., 1908 ; mechanical

engineer in N. Y.
ii. John Esden,5 b. Dec. 26, 1887 ; grad. at Cornell Univ., 1910.; civil eng.
iii. James Fremont. ^ b. Aug. 2, 1893 ; grad. St. J. Acad. 1911.

28 Lizzie Bell.* (John F.,3 John, 2 Wm.,i) b. March 13, 1859; m. Jan. 7. 1885,

James McBride of Amber, Iowa.
Children :

John Nelson, 5 b. Nov. 3, 1885.
Plinv Gibson, 5 b. Sept. 17, 1887.
Joseph Evan,5 b. Sept. 29, 1890.

29 Harry Albert,* (John F.,3 John.2 William, J) b. May 24, 1863; farmer,

owning the farm near Ticklenaked Pond formerly that of Granville G.
Meader ; built a new house in 1907 ; the old house was built by Sylva-
nus Learned. He m. at Center Junction, Iowa, Dec. 24, 1889, by
Rev. A. W. McConnell, Luella Etta Coder. Mr. and Mrs. Nelson and
dau. are members of the U. P. ch.
Children :

i. Elsie Marion, 5 b. Feb. 12, 1891 ; m. Jan. 25, 1911, Calvin H. Murray of
Ryegate.

ii. Leroy Coder.s b. June 8, 1904.

30 William Harland.* (John F.,3. John, 2 William, i) b. Nov. 2, 1858; farmer,

owning the farm which was his father's at the Corner. He m. 1st.
Oct. 4, 1893, Effie Mae, dau. Edward and Charlotte [Morrison]
Holmes. She d. March 7,1900. 2d, Dec. 15, 1903, Emma Louise
dau. Wm. H. and Edna B. [McAllister] Goodfellow. Members Or
U. P. ch. ^

Children :
i. Effie Mae,5b. Oct. 17, 1904.
ii. Lora Belle. ^ b. Jan. 3, 1906.
iii. Alice Louise. 5 b. Jan. 23, 1907.
iv. John Findlev,5 b. Oct. 4. 1908.
V. Edna Lucille,^ b. May 23, 1910.

31 James Robert,* (Wm. G.,3 James, 2 Wm..i) b. Cambridge, N. Y., Jan. 13,

1848; edu. Washington Acad., Cambridge, grad. Columbia Univ.
Coll. of Physicians and Surgeons, 1869 ; entered the office of Dr. John
L. Campbell, N. Y., as surgeon, but overwork demanded a change;
in very successful practice at Wells River 1872-1886; rem. to St.
Johnsbury, 1886. in practice there, specializing his work upon diseases
of the Eye and ear spending several winters in study in N. Y. City ;
rem. there, 1K97, and was placed on the staff of the Manhattan Eye
and ear Hospital and the Delmit Dispensary ; instructor in diseases of
the Eye in the Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital. His re-
searches and discoveries have been attended with excellent results.
Rem. 1900 to Kingston-on-the-Hudson devoting his entire practice to
his specialty; dipealmologist of Kingston City Hospital ; member of
Ulster Co. Dipthalmogist, Med. Soc. of the N. Y. State Medical Soc,
Am. Med. Ass., Vice-Pres. Kingston Board of Trade, Vice-Pres. Ulster
Co., Branch of Nat. Red Cross Soc. He ni. at Wells River, April,
1874, Lillias A., dau. Samuel A. Moore.
Children both born at Wells River,
i. Lillias, 5 b. March 6, 1875.

ii. Samuel Wardale.^ b. July 31. 1880 ; ed. St. Johnsbury graded schools and
Academy' ; attended in N. Y., a preparatory school for Yale Univ. ; d.
Dec. 3, 1900. A young man of great promise, maturity of character,
and personal worth.

32 Robert Burns.* (Robert. 3 James,2 William. i) b. Ryegate, May 15, 1851;

lived iu Kvegate and Newburv (Wells River.) He m. at Lisbon, N. H.,
Sept. 16, 1873, Lizzie E., dau. Andrew J.'Millis. Both d.

476 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children :
i. Isabel Ellen.s b. Newbury (W. R.) June 29, 1874; m. Barre, Vt., March
14-, 1903, Walter M. Cook of Barre. Ch. (1) Willie Mason.e [Cook]
b. June 23, 1904. (2) Nelson Clinton, e [Cook] b. July 6, 1905. (3)
Marion Elizabeth.^ [Cook] b. Nov. 10, 1906. (4) Robert Raymond,"
b. Washington, Vt., April 6, 1912.

ii. Andrew George,^ b. Ryegate, Nov. 20, 1876 ; d. Sept. 19, 1878.

iii. Robert Knox,5 b. Ryegate, Oct. 4, 1379 ; m. at Barre, Vt., May 18. 1904,
Priscilla L. White. Ch. (1) Robert Millis," b. Feb. 6, 1905. (2) Ro-
land White, 6 b. Boston.Mass., June, 1911.

iv. Maude E.,^ (twin to above) m. Barre, Vt., June 12, 1900, David Arthur.

V. Clinton Burns, s b. May 1, 1882; m. at N. Y. City, March 19u8, Mamie
Keller.

33 George Gray,* (James, 3 James, 2 Wm.,i) b. Nov. 4, 1860; farmer on the old

Gray farm, one of the largest in town ; has been merchant at E. Rye-
gate, also dealer in western grain and horses ; has held all town offices
and was town representative in 1904— '05. Hem. Jan. 1, 1895, Rosa
Addie, dau. John and Susan (Quint) Park.
Children :
i. Marion Evelvn.s b. Dec. 10, 1896.
ii. Letha Elizabeth, 5 b. Jan. 29, 1901.
iii. Hassall Edgar,^ b. March 15, 1906.

34 Ellen L..'* (Thomas, 3 Thomas,2 William, i) b. April 2,1848; m. Nov. 24i

1868, Alexander P. Gilchrist of Harnet [Mclndoes] who d. 1882. She
ret. to the homestead after his d. and d. there Dec. 17, 1907. Member
of Cong. ch. Mclndoes from girlhood. Bur. at Mclndoes.
Children born in Barnet.
i. Walter Alexander,^ b. Nov. 5. 1869. Att. Mclndoes Acad., grad. East-
man's Bus. Coll, Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 18S9; farmer on the Thos.
Nelson homestead ; sec'y and treas. E. Ryegate creamery, and director
of farmer's club. School director 3 yrs. giving much time to the
duties connected with it. He m. May 16, 1896, E. Winnifred, dau. C.
M. Wallace, a successful teacher and grad. of Johnson Normal Sch.
He d. after a long illness, Aug. 30, 1898.

ii. Alice May,5 b. luly 1873; m. Sept. 15, 1896, Clarence E., son of Edwin
and .Viartha [Stevens] Bedell (b. Topsham, Vt., Oct. 17, 1862). They
purchased the Thos. Nelson homestead 1899 and res. there. Ch.
Orpha Ellen, 6 b. Jan. 30, 1900.

iii. Ellen N.,^ b. May, 1875; m, Sept. 15, 1896 (same time and place as her
sister,) Herman D. Chamberlin. Res. Mclndoes, where he is butter-
maker at the creamery. Ch. (1) Nelson W., 6 b. Sept. 23, 1897. (2)
Walter G., 6 b. June 9, 1899. (3) Madeline E.,6b.June 11, 1901.

35 Carlos William,* (Thomas, 3 Thomas, 2 Wm ,3) b. March 25, 1850; sawyer

in lumber mills several yrs.; m. March 25, 1873, Carrie ].. dau. Rob-
ert Miller, res. Mclndoes 3 yrs.: rem. to R. March 25, 1878, bought
the farm of James Nelson, where he d. May 5, 1883.
Children :
i, Infant son,^ d. at one one-half days.

ii. Harley Willard,^ b. Mclndoes, June 30, 1875; ed. Mclndoes Acad., also
course in dairying at Burlington ; butter-maker at Bath creamery, 15
yrs , also in livery bus.; merchant at Bath Vill. from Jan. 1912; res.
Bath where he has built a house in modern stvle. He m. July 8, 1896,
Mary Paddleford of Mclndoes. Ch. (1) Mildred Abbie," b. 1897.
(2) Harold Guy.e b. 1898.
iii. Claude Elmer.s b. Ryegate, May 23, 1880; butter-maker some years at
Groton creamery; rented the home farm 2 yrs.; bought 1912 the Wil-
liam Gardner farm in Newbury. He m. June 20. 1907, Birdella C ,
dau. James H. Gardner of Newbury. Ch. (1) Elmer Madison, 6 b.
Sept. 1908. (2) Carrie J., 6 b. Aug. 1910.

GENEALOGY— NELSON. 477

iv. Mabel Julia.s. b. Ryegate May 4, 1881; m. July 19, 1899, Bernest L.
Terry, merchant at So. Ryegate, and res. there.

V. Carlos \V.,5 b. Ryegate, Dec. 8, 1883; butter-maker at Jersey Hill cream-
ery; bought a farm at Hampstead, N. H., and rem. there April, 1910.
He m. Jan. 1, 1908, Florence Edith, dau. Wm. W. Chalmers of Tops-
ham.
After Mr. Nelson's death Mrs. Nelson sold the farm to W. H. Symes, car-
ried it on 5 yrs., then bought it back, the barn having been doubled
in length and the other buildings improved. Mrs. Nelson was very
successful in dairying, in one year producing nearly six tons of butter,
an average of 329 lbs. per cow, has taken nearly $500 in premiums,
including 1st prizes at Vt. Dairyman's Asso., 1892; World's Food
Fair, 1894; Vt. State Fair, 1894.; Vt. Butter and Cheese Makers
Asso. 1898; and a bronze medal at the Paris Exposition. 1900. Her
w^ork goes to market in half lb. prints. She has added to the farm
and now has 216 acres, and her sons learned butter-making at home.
Mrs. Nelson m. 2d, Aug. 1902, John L. Shackford of Lowell, Mass.
Res. on the farm.

36 William Stuart,^ (Edwin,* John, 3 Wm.,2 Wm.,i) b. Monroe, N. H., June 6,

1861 ; com. sch. edu. Began in a peg factory at Lisbon, while a mere
boy, learned the bus. completly and became supt. in 1884. In Cal.,
Dec, 1887-June, 1890, for the the benefit of wife's health, and was
manager of circulation for the Los Angeles Times on the east side.
Ret. to Lisbon, June, 1890. and began again the peg business, which
had been a complete financial failure there, and with F. J. and Ovid D.
Moore, organized the Moore Peg. Co. In 1896 he visited Europe,
vi'here most of their product found a market, and in 1897 they built a
new mill, and fitted it with machinery designed by him. and which has
been very successful. In 1902, Ovid D. Moore died and Mr. Nelson
bought the interest of his estate and that of the other partner, contin-
uing the bus. alone under the original firm name, shipping his entire
product to Europe, Mexico and South America. He m. 1st, Jan. 3,
1886, Genevieve, dau. Ovid and Harriet (Howland) Moore (b. Bristol,
N. H., Nov. 10, 1856; d. Lisbon, Mav 11. 1894.) 2d, Nov. 11, 1903,
Eva Dennett, who d. Jan. 21, 1905'; 3d. March 20, 1912, Bess M.
Wheeler.

37 Wilbur. 5 (Wm. R.,* Robert G., 3 Robert,2 Wm.,i) b. Monroe, N. H., May 8,

1859; farmer and in lumber bus.; res. Barnet. Hem. 1st, Oct. 15.
1889, Bertha S. Hoyt of Passumpsic (b. Sept. 7, 1867; d. Dec. 5,
1891.) 2d, March 21, 1895, Addie L. Woodard, wid. of A. P. Mc-
Larin (b. Tan. 3, 1862; d. Sept. 4, 1904). 3d, Agnes E., dau., Wm. B.
Gibson (b. Feb. 11, 1868).
Children: By 1st marriage,
i. and ii. Twins who d. in infancy,
iii. Jennie Bertha.^ b. Oct. 5, 1871.

By 2d marriage,
iv. William James.e b. June 27, 1897.

By 3d marriage.
V. Marion Addie.s b. Oct, 2, 1906.
vi. Dwight Wilbur,6 b. Aug. 17, 1908.
vii. Pearl Edwin.e b. Feb. 9, 1910.

The fact that no fewer than 993 descendants of William Nelson are mentioned
by name in this volume indicates the large space which this family has
held in the life of Ryegate. They have not only been numerous but
influential, people of good standing, selectmen in the town and elders in
the church. William Nelson was town representative two years, and
that office was held by some of his descendants during 26 years more,
Each generation has inherited, and has transmitted to its successors,
certain traits of energy, enterprise, and foresight which have been

478 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

effective here and in other parts of the country as well. Its members
have seldom turned aside from agricultural or business pursuits, and
professional life has attracted comparatively few of them. But they
have helped to form in every locality where they have gone, that ster-
ling, substantial class upon which the prosperity of the country rests.

The James Nelson Family.

James 1 Nelson, half-brother of William Nelson, was b. at Erskine, Scotland,
1753; came to America with John Waddell and Thomas McKeith,
landing at Portsmouth and reaching Ryegate on Oct. 1st. He seems
to have come in the same ship as his brother, but having no family,
made the journey from the sea-port much quicker. He settled on land
north of his brother, afterward owned in part by Wm. J. Gibson, and
in part by Robert Symes. In 1797 he bought six lots in the west part
of the town from William Houston of Erskine, Scotland (see p. 262)
and rem. there clearing the farm long afterward owned by Samuel W.
Clark. Here he spent the rest of his life, and was a very industrious
man, holding town offices and member of the Associate church. He
m. 1st, in 1780, Hannah Davis of Piermont, who d. ab. 1784. 2d,
ab. 178.5, Janet Montgomery, who came from Scotland with John
Ritchie and wife. Mr. Miller thinks she d. 1788, and he m. 3d, in 1789,
Elizabeth, sister of Andrew Miller, and niece of the wife of Robert
Brock, Sr. James Nelson with his 3d wife and eldest dau. are buried
in the west, or " Hall" cemetery, his 1st two wives and one son are
buried in the " Old Scotch Cemetery." He d. Nov. 26, 1839, aged 94,
and his wife, Nov. 17, 1849.

Children (dates of birth from town rec.) By 1st m.
i. Hannah, 2 b, March 26, 1780; d. May 7. 1838. She m. 1st, Henry Buch-
anan of Barnet. 2d, William. 3 (Wm.,2 Wm.,') Nelson, q. v. 3d,
Joseph Dickey, q. v.
ii. WiiHam,2 b. Dec. 20, 1782 ; d. 1783.

By 2d marriage,
iii. James, 2 b. Aug. 20, 1786 ; went to Canada West, where he reared a fam-
ily and d. 1864.

By 3d marriage.

1 iv. George, 2 b. Sept. 17, 1787. By another rec. Sept. 14, 1788.

V. Jean, 2 b. Feb. 3, 1790; d. April 2, 1880; m. James Renfrew, q. v.

2 vi. William, 2 b. Feb. 7, 1792.

vii. Margaret,2 b. Dec. 26, 1794; d. Oct. 14, 1880; m. Hiram Whitclier. 10
ch. of whom 3 d. y. The others were Henry. Abner, Lovinia, who m.
Andrew Renfrew; Naomi, who m. Thos. Kasson; Ruth m. Edwin
Tuttle ; Julia and Lois who m. bros. named Richardson. (See History
of Newbury.)
viii. Elizabeth, 2 b. Sept. 19, 1797; m. Andrew Renfrew, q. v.
ix. Mary, 2 b. May 27, 1800; m. by Rev. Jas. Milligan, April 14, 1825, John

Corruth. No record.
X. John, 2 b. Dec. 3, 1803; d. 1805.

3 xi. Alexander,2 b. April IS, 1805.

1 George, 2 ( J ames,i) farmer; lived a little below where Mrs. McLennan lives,
afterward called the Latto place. All his chil. were b. there ; bought
the Wm. Nelson farm ab. 1842, but failed in bus. in 1847; captain in
the militia ab. 1820 ; member of Associate Pres. ch. and ord. elder
April 16, 1836. He m. by Peter McLaughlin, July 3, 1816, Mar-
garet, dau. Hugh Gardner (b. June 10, 1783; d. Feb. 3,1843).

Note. Mr. Miller understood that William and James Nelson had brothers and sis-
ters in Scotland, but the name of only one has come down to us — Archibald who is men-
tioned on pp 95 and 460.

GENEALOGY — NELSON. 479

Children :
i. William James, 3 b. April 29, 1817; went to Boston to work ab. 1846,

then to Cal., where he d. un-m Nov. 1855.
ii. Hannah Jane,3 b. Sept. 6, 1818; d. March 17, 1874; m. James R. Park,

q. V.
iii. John, 3 b. Oct. 13, 1819 ; clerk for Wm. Whitehill, and schoolmaster ; went
to Pittsburgh, Pa., where he took daguerrotypes ; accumulated prop-
erty and m. there, where he d. June 2U, 1869.
iv. Hugh Gardner. 3 b. March 21, 1821; taught school, and studied law in
Groton. Went to California in Oct. 1849, reaching thera April 2,

1850, where he was one yr. in mining. Started for Australia in fall of

1851. In mining one yr., then in real estate bus. 1853-'69, where he
became blind, and his partners swindled him out of all his property, a
large amount. At the instance of Hon. L P. Poland, M. C, he was
sent to Am. by the Am. consul at Melbourne. Reached Cal. 1876.
His bro. Robert went out and brought him home. He d. at So. Rye-
gate, Aug. 20, 1890.

4 V. Alexander,3 b. Jan. 5. 1823; d. March 4, 1875.

5 vi. Robert 3 b. Sept. 21, 1824; d. Feb. 22, 1895.

vii. Isabel,3 b. Feb. 18, 1826; d. Dec. 14. 1902; m. Oct. 21, 1847, John Bai-
ley of Newbury. (See History of Newbury.)
viii. Eliza J. ,3 b. Jan.'l, 1828; m. Moses B. Hall, q. v.
ix. Thomas Miller.3 b. June 16, 1830 ; d. Aug. 16, 1831.
X. Margaret, 3 b. July 19, 1831 ; d. June 13, 1832.

6 xi. Thomas Miller,3 b. Dec. 13, 1832.

xii. Mary Ann, 3 b. Nov. 2, 1834; m. James T. H. McLure, q. v.

2 William, 2 (James,i) b. Feb. 7, 1793; m. March 19. 1818, Ruth, dau. Domin-

icus Gray, a revolutionary soldier from Maine. Lived in Ryegate till
after 1840; rem. to Hardwick where she d. May 30,1865. He d.
Feb. 17, 1872.

Children all born in Ryegate.
i. Sarah G..3 b. Dec. 25, 1818 ; d. Hardwick, Aug. 22, 1856.
ii. Elizabeth N.,3 b. Feb. 8, 1821; m. June 15, 1843, Charles N. Shedd. She

d. April 19, 1909. 3 chil.
iii. Miles G.. b. Aug. 29, 1823; m. Jan. 28, 1852, Sarah M. Swett. He d.

at H., Sept. 3, 1895. 5 chil.
iv. Margaret A. ,3 b. Oct. 21, 1825 ; m. Feb. 2, 1860, Horace Smith, She d.

at H., 1908. One son.
V, Patience VV.,3 b. Aug. 8, 1827: m. Nov. 10, 1858, John Barr; d. Greens-
boro Bend. July 22. 1877. 4 chil.
vi. William M.,3 b. Nov. 13, 1831 ; d. Columbia, Col., Feb. 22, 1864,
vii. Stephen R.,3 b. Dec. 25, 1837; m. May 4, 1861, Persis Coal. Served in
civil war in Co. H, 4th Vt., d. Brandy Station, Ya.. Feb, 25. 1864.

7 viii. Archibald D.,3 b. July 16, 1840.

3 Alexander, 2 (James, i) b. April 18, 1805. Began his education with Rev.

James Milligan who taught him the rudiments of Latin, Greek and
Hebrew. He entered Newbury Seminary when that institution opened
in Sept. 1834 and remained several terms, and there met his wife. Jane
Z. Morrison, who had been connected with an academy at New Mar-
ket, N. H., and became preceptress of the Seminary in 1836. She was
the dau. of Dr. Moses Morrison, who once lived at W. Newbury, but
rem. to Bath. Mr. Nelson taught Latin and mathematics in the
Seminary and after their marriage they opened a school at Norwalk,
0., where he was licensed to preach, and later, ord. to the ministry of
the M. E. church. Principal five yrs. and and his wife preceptress of
Worthington (O.) Female Seminary; prmcipal two yrs. of Berea (O.)
Institute; president sever.-^l yrs., of Iowa Wesleyan Univ., Mt. Pleas-
ant Iowa; in the ministry till 1883; presiding elder several j'ears,
of the Cleveland dist. of No. Ohio Conference, and delegate to the

480 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

general conference; ret. at Delaware. O., 1883, till d. Jan. 26, 1894.
She d. Aug. 10, 1892. He rec'd the degree of D.D., from Iowa Wes.
Univ.

Children :

8 i. Edward Thompson. 3

9 ii. Clara Albertine.3

4 Alexander, 3 (George. ^ James, i) b. Jan. 5, 1823: went west, 1844; taught

school near Pittsburgh, Penn.; settled in Ashland Co., Ohio; farmer.
« He m. 1st, 1848, Nancy Culbertson of New Derry, Penn., who d.
March 9, 1852. 2d, June 7, 1853, Jane, dau. Daniel and Lucy Rob-
erts of Groton, Vt. He d. in Ashland Co., March 4, 1875.

Children :
i. Margaret Jane* b. Aug, 27, 1849; d. Oct. 15, 1880.
ii. ThomasC..*b.July 4, 1851.

By 2d marriage,
iii. Nancy J.,*b. July, 1854; m. Sept. 8, 1880, Joseph K. Boyd of San Jose,

Cal. 2 ch. in 1 S83.
iv. Georjic A.,* b. April 1S56; went to Texas and bought a ranch.
V. Infant,4-b. March; d. June 1858.
vi. Infant,* b. and d. Sept. 1859.
vii. Hugh W.,* b. June 26, 1868 ; went to Oakland, Cal.

5 Robert,^ (George,2 James, ^ ) b. Ryegate, Sept. 4, 1824, on the farm owned

in 1895 by Mrs. M. J. Hall. Edu. at Danville and Peacham acade-
mies; taught school two terms. Sailed from Boston for California
Nov. 21, 1849, with his brother Hugh, John Randall and John Peach
of Newbury, Medad Welch, Jr., and Daniel Darling of Groton. They
were 130 days on the voyage ; ret. 1855, via Panama, Farmer in
Ryegate and Newbury, owning successively the Hadley farm in New-
bury, the Stuart store at South Ryegate, the Abner Chamberlin farm
at W. Newbury 1857-'63, the Col. Thomas Johnson farm on the Ox-
bow^, 1863-'66 ; the Nicholas White farm in Ryegate, 1866; the James
Henderson farm, and in 1869, bought the John Randall farm on Jef-
ferson Hill, Newbury, where he d. Feb. 22. 1 895. Selectman and lister
in Newbury. He m. April 5, 1855, Judith, dau. John Darling of Gro-
ton (b. Jan. 16, 1825).

Children :
i. George Darling,* b. Ryegate Mav 1, 1856; res. Davenport, Iowa. He m.
Dec. 3, 1879, Clara Matilda Karl (b. Jan. 2, 1856; d. Sept. 9, 1894.)

Children :

1. George William, 5 b. Nov. 3, 1880.

2. Robertjohn.sb. Nov. 6,, d, Nov. 27, 1881.

3. John Andrew,5 b. Nov. 27, 1882; d. May 18, 1883.

4. Judith M.,5 b. May 21, 1886.

5. Robert H., 5 b. June 18. 1887.

6. James D..5 b. July 4, 1880; d. Aug. 7, 1890.

ii. Hannah F.,* b. Newbury, Aug. 21, 1858; m. Sept. 8, 1887, Owen E.

Kingbury. Shed. Ch. Bertha E..5 b. Jan. 2, 1891.
iii. John.* b. Newbury, Aug. 9, 1860; m June 7. 1895, Mamie Louise Smith,
iv. Jennie R.,* b. Newbury, Nov. 15, 1865; m. Jan. 27, 1886. Albert Wright,

q. V.

6 Thomas M..3 (George. 2 James.i-) b. Ryegate, Dec. 13. 1832; edu. in R.; went

to California in 1849 and was gone some yrs., ret. to R. but went
back to Cal.; ret. before 18.'i9. He m. Aug. 4, 1860, Mary Jane, dau.
David Warden of Bath (b. Jan. 21. 1836 ; d. July 23. 1891 ). In truck-
ing bus. in So. Boston, 3 yrs.; farmer on Jefferson Hill, Newbury, till
1869, when he bought the David Warden farm in a part of Bath now

GENEALOGY— NELSON. 481

annexed to Monroe till 1892, when he sold out ; lived with his chil-
dren and d. at the home of his dau., Mrs. Turner, at Mclndoes, Jan.
29, 1908. A man of broad information, a democrat in politics.

Children :
i. Christie E.,* b. Aug. 1, 1863 ; d. March 15, 1871.

ii. Albert H..-^ b. Newbury, Nov. 30,1866; m. Sept. 24,1889. Hattie E.
Conant of Concord, N. H.; res. Monroe, N. H. Ch. (1 ) Alberta J., s
b. Nov. 14, 1892. (2) Florence M., 5 b. Aug. 5, 1895. (3) Robert A. ,5
b. Nov. 14, 1902.

iii. Ida M.,^ b. Newbury. March 24. 1863 ; m. Oct. 5, 1897, Austin E. Carter
of Monroe No ch.

iv. Lizzie B.,* b. Monroe, xMay 31, 1874; m. Jan. 1, 1896, Martin E. Turner
of Monroe; res. Barnet. No ch.

Archibald D.,3 (William, 2 James, i) b. July 16, 1840; rem. to Hardwick with
parents; served in Co. D, 1.5th Vt., in the Civil war, after in various
business in Baltimore, Boston and Barton, Vt.; res. St. Johnsbury,
1870—90, in the Fairbanks Scale factory, and became assistant fore-
man of the finishing dept. Supervisor 1 yr. over four wards of the
State Hospital for the Insane at Taunton, Mass. Supt. 1892, till
death, of Mt. Pleasant Cem., at St. J. Member of Eureka Lodge K.
of H., Chamberlin Post, No. 1. G. A. R., Passumpsic Lodge, F. and A.
M., deacon in South Cong, ch., St. johnsbury, where he d. Aug. 12,
1896. He m. Aug. 2, 1866, Sarah C." Houston of Hardwick.

Children :
i. Giles Howard,* b. Jan. 12, 1870; d. Aug. 22, 1871.
ii. Harry M.,4b. Aug. 29, 1872; bookkeeper m Citizens' Savings Bank and

Trust Co., St. Johnsburv. Ed. at St. J. graded schs. and Acad. He

m. June 1, 1897, Flora M. Johnson. Ch. (1) Donald Archibald, ^ b.

Aug. 22, 1896; d. Feb. 2, 1899. (2) Edwin William,5 b. Apr. 22,

1902.

Edward Thompson, ^ (Alexander, 2 James, i) b. Worthington, 0., Oct. 14,
1846; grad. Ohio Wes. Univ., 1866; post grad. course at Yale Univ.,
with degree of A. M. and Ph. D., 1869, M. D. from Ohio Med. Univ.,
1895; Colonel's orderly in 145th Ohio Vols., 1864, in the civil war.
Prof. 01 Science at Hanover Coll., Ind., 1871-'97; Alumni Prof, of
Physiology and Geology, Ohio Wes. Univ., 1877; Fellow of Am. Ass.
of Sciences, 1889-93 ; member of State Board of Health, 1874 ; presi-
dent of same 1892; student of Histology, University Coll. London,
Eng., 1893-97; Prof, of Sanitary Science, Ohio Med. Univ. Published
" Moluscan Fauna of the Tertiary of Peru ; " " Herbarium and Plant
Record"; edited "Fifty Years of Ohio Wesley an Univ." He m. 1871,
Jane L. Wilson of Wheeling, W. Va. He d. Washington. D. C, after a
long illness, Feb. 28, 1897. Prof. Nelson was in great demand as a
public lecturer, and no man was better known by the public school
teachers of Ohio.

Children :
i. Dana Alexander,* who d. Tacoma, Wash., 1896.

ii. Jeanette,* wife of Rev. S. K. Mahon of Delaware, O.

iii. Elbert James,* civil engineer, Cornell Univ., Utica. N. Y., close of 1909.

iv. Clara Isabel,* wife of Rev. T. C. Bodley, Lucknow, India.

v. Mary Alice,* and Edward Thoburn, who are with their mother at Dela-
ware, O.

Clar.^ Albertine,3 (Alexander,^ James, i) b. Tiffin. O., April 4, 1852; grad.
Ohio Wes. Univ. Has spent much time abroad. Studied in Friedrich-
dorf, Stuttgardt, and Hanover, Ger.. two yrs. Spent three yrs. and
many summers in Paris, studying French ; has also traveled exten-
sively. Twenty-one years at the head of the Dept. of French in Ohio
Wes. Univ. and' has lectured on Art History.

482 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

NELSON.*

The Family of William Nelson, 2d.

The third Nelson family is that of William, 2d, called "Sugar Will," to distin-
guish him Irom the other, and numerous William Nelsons. Nothing
regarding his ancestry appears, other than that he was b, in Balfron,
Stirlingshire, in 1763. His father's name was Alexander, he had
brothers and sisters, none of whom came to this country. One of the
former was also named Alexander and was a lawyer at Port Glasgow.
His church certificate is as follows :

This is to certify that the bearer hereof, William Neilson, hath resided for the
most part oi" his life in this parish and behaved himself soberly and free from
public scandal or church censure, and has been in full communion with us.
Given at the Manse of Balfron, Stirling County, this twelfth day of March, sev-
enteen hundred and ninety-fourth year.

The above person I James Jaffrey, Min'r
is unmarried > John Zwill, Elder

at this date. | Wm. Haley, Ses. Clerk.

He sailed from Port Glasgow in 1794, with Robert Gilfillan, came to Ryegate
where many of his townspeople had settled, and began on the farm
where he spent the rest of his life, afterward owned by his sons, John
and Alex , and built a log house about one-fourth of a mile u. of the
present house. He m. 1st, in 1801, Jean, dau. James Henderson (b.
Oct. 10, 1777 ; d. Oct. 1816). Their oldest ch. was b. in thelog house,
and the present house was built soon afterward, but it is not known
whether any of the younger ones were b. in the log house. He m. 2d,
1817, Jean Arbuckle, who came from Scotland in 1801, with the
Robens, Wallaces, Robert Fulton and others. She m. 1st, John Bachop
of Barnet (see Bachop fam.) They had 5 daus., and when shem. Wm.
Nelson she brought her five girls to live with his six ch., and they had
four more, 15 in all — three families in one family. Mr. Nelson was a
man of medium size and very muscular. He had his foot crushed in
1814, in a saw mill at So. R., and was lame ever after. He was very
successful as a farmer, and owned one of the most productive farms in
town, high up on the south slope of Blue Mt., commanding a fine view
of the country around. To this he added by purchase from the Scotch
Co., 124 acres in 1812; from Wm. Nelson of N. Y., in 1814, 108 acres;
and from the Scotch Co., again in 1819, 100 acres. He also bought
the " Ben Folger place," further up the mountain, which was after-
w^ards sold tojas. and Alex. Park for pasture. After his death his
sons bought the Geo. Corruth place, south of the home place, in 1863,
v^hich they sold to Oliver Board way. At one time the two sons
owned about 600 acres near Blue Mountain. The granite quarries
are mostly on this farm. William Nelson was a worthy and respected
citizen, a man of marked traits, and peculiarities. He d. Jan. 10,
1847, and his wife d. Nov. 15, 1857; bur. in the West cemetery.
Children by 1st marriage.
i. Alexander,^ b. July 18. 1802; farmer on homestead with his bro.; never
m. He w^as six ft. four in. in height and of immense strength. He d.
Aug. 11, 1883.

ii. Agnes^s [Nancy] b. May 10, 1804; d. Oct. 13, 1874; m. Wm. Blair, q. v.
[On p. 289 she is incorrectly given as the dau. of Alexander Nelson.]

iii. Margaret,2 b. July 6, 1806 ; d. 1875 ; m. John Brock of Barnet.

iv. Jane,2 b. Nov. 24, 1808; d. Jan. 9, 1826.

V. Elizabeth, 2 b. Nov. 2, 1812 ;'d. Oct. 7, 1891 ; m. Andrew Gilfillan, q. v.

Yi. Helen.2 b. Sept. 1, 1814. d. un m. Dec. 8, 1882.

Prepared in part by Mrs. Mary Nelson.

GENEALOGY— NELSON, 483

By 2d marriage,
vii. Abigail, 2 b. Feb. 17, 1818 ; d. Jan. 14, 1906 ; m. Hugh G. Gibson, q. v.
viii. Marion, 2 b. Jan. 8, 1820 ; crushed in a cider mill and d. Nov. 3, 1825.
1 ix. John Bachop,2 b. Sept. 30, 1821.

X. Janet Wallace,2 b. May 1,1825; d. 1888; m. Robert Cochran, q. v., as

2d wife.
In this large family there were only two sons, and William Nelson 2d had
only two gr. sons. — W. N. Gilfillan in the 1st family and A. H. Gibson
in the 2d. The daughters of the family naturally did more work out
of doors than most girls of their time. It is said that two ot them
dug and put into the "potato hole," 500 bush, of potatoes in one sea-
son. They were skilled in all household arts, expert with the "big
wheel," the "little wheel," and the loom. They were glad to be real
helpers in the home and they made good homes for others. It was not
all work either, for huskings, paring-bees, quiltings and social parties,
made merry the hearts of young and old. New Years was the great
occasion for Scotchmen generally, and this large family, children and
grandchildren, gathered annually, till the farm was sold, and the glad
day was but a memory. School privileges were few, books were scarce,
but the education given was a very practical one, and the children of
the pioneers were the best citizens of their time, for they knew how
and had the courage to do things.
1 John Bachop,2 b. Sept. 30, 1821 ; farmer on homestead with his bro. Alex-
ander, and a valued citizen. He m. Dec. 3, 1872, Mary, dau. James
Arthur (b. Scotland, Dec. 20, 1842). The home farm was sold Oct.
30, 1895, to Geo. Gray. It had been in the family 101 yrs. The fam-
ily moved to So. Ryegate, where John B. Nelson d. March 30, 1900.
Bur. West cem.
Children :
i. Jean Arbuckle,^ b. May 27, 1877. She is an accomplished musician and
the only descendant of Wm. Nelson 2d, bearing the name Mattie Jean
Arbuckle.3 In 1906 Mrs. Nelson and her dau. rem. to Turlock, Cal.,
where they reside.

NELSON.

Yeaton D.,1 b. Palermo, Maine, Dec. 26, 1862, son of Erastus Foot Nelson
(b. Palermo, Feb. 22, 1825; d. May 22, 1885. Farmer; enlisted
Aug. 2, 1862 in Co. G, 18th Maine; pro. corporal ; must. out. 1865.
He m. Eliza F., dau. Caleb and Alice Thurston, b. Windsor, Me., July
3, 1834. Members of Baptist ch. Nine ch., all lived to man and
womanhood. The father of Erastus F., was John Nelson a native of
Scotland.) Came to Ryegate, 1883; m. Nov. 12, 1887, Ida May,
dau. Matthew Renfrew (b. May 4, 1863 ; d. March 16, 1892.) 2d,
March 13, 1894, Estelline, dau. Wm. N. Gibson (b. Jan. 10, 1871.)
Owns the James Dickey farm and part of the Roben farm.
Children : By 1st marriage.
i. Eva Meroe,2 b. July 28, 1888 ; grad. Wells River High School. A success-
ful teacher.
By 2d marriage.
ii. Forest Prince,2 b. Jan. 20, 1895.
iii. Edith Mav,2 b. Sept. 9, 1896.
iv. Ethel Eliza, 2 b. Dec. 26, 1898.
v. Miles Renwick, b. Dec. 16, 1900.
vi. Clyde Gibson, 2 b. [an. 22, 1903.
vii. Waldo Yeaton, 2 b. Dec. 2, 1904.
viii. Adine Estelline,2 b. Aug. 3, 1907.
ix. WiUiam Erastus,2 b. Aug. 11. 1909.
X. Margaret Ella,2 b. Jan. 21, 1912.

484 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

NOYES.

The Noyes family, long extinct in Ryegate, is a branch of one of the oldest
families in New England. Rev. James Noyes and his brother Nicholas
came to Newbury, Mass., in 16.S5.

I. Nicholas, b, England, 1614; m. Mary Cutting.

II. James, b. May 15, 1657 ; m. Hannah, dau. John Knight.

III. Joseph, b. Sept. 20, 1686 ; m. Johannah Hale.

IV. Stephen, m. Lydia Eaton.

V. Moses, m. Sally Lunt, and came to Coventry (now Benton), N. H., before
1790, and settled on what is called High Street, s. w. of Moosilauke.

vi. Amos,i b. Coventry, N. H., Aug. 15, 1791; came to Ryegate, ab. 1811,
and bought what was later called the Alexander Holmes place, in the
w. part of the town, where all his chil. were b., but afterward owned
and d. on the farm where his son Thos. M., lived and d. He m. 1st,
Betsey Mussey, who d. May 16, 1841. Not ch. members but Mr.
Mason says that "he was a well read and respected man, a strong
upholder of religion and good order." He m. 2d, Betsey Strobridge
of Barnet, who d, Feb. 1907, aged 96. Member of Baptist ch. Gro-
ton. Amos Noyes d. July 10, 1856, being thrown from a horse; bur.
in West cemetery.
Children :
i. Thomas, 2 b. July 21, 1813; res. in Boston many yrs., then went to
Ontario and into the oil bus. Came to Groton in 1865 and bought
the Daniel Darling farm of John Gates, w^here he d. Aug. 19,1875.
He m. Sept. 28, 1842, bv Rev. Thos. Goodwillie, Elizabeth, dau. Alex.
Holmes, b. Sept. 17, IS'OS; d. Oct. 15, 1889. (Mr. Miller says that
their wedding day had been set but in reading the " publication " o f
their intended marriage, Mr. Goodwillie said Moses Noyes instead
of Thomas, and the wedding had to be put off for a week.) Shem.
2nd, John Caldwell, q. v.

1 ii. Moses,2 b. Jan 31.1816.

iii. Eliza,2 b. Jan. 22, 1819; m. June 25, 1840. George Renfrew. (See His-
tory of Newbury.)

2 iv. William, 2 b. Oct. 4, 1821.

3 V, James Hunter,2 b. March 20, 1823.

By 2d marriage.
vi. Jane,2 b. May 13,1843; m. Jan. 16, 1867, Horace Clark of Groton.
She d. Mavl, 1908. Ch. (1) Almon,3 b. 1868 ; m. Sinclair;

no ch. (2) E. Ross. 3 b. 1872 ; d. 1873. (3 j G. Lyle,3 b. 1878 ; d. 1894.
(4) Geo. N.,3 b. 1880 ; m. a Miss Sinclair. One son in 1 897.

4 vii. Harvey,2 b. May 22, 1847.

viii. Martha, 2. b. May 9, 1851 ; m. Daniel Roberts and went to Cal. No. ch.

1 MosEs,2 (Amos.i) b. Jan. 31, 1816; farmer in Topsham 9 yrs.; rem. to Bar-

net, part of his land being in Ryegate, at Mosquitoville ; carpenter ;
m. Feb. 27, 1892, Caroline Somers, who d. March 28, 1907. He d.
July 8, 1893 ; bur. Walter Harvey cem.
Children :
i. Viletta;3 b. Topsham, Dec. 29, 1847; m. Oct. 1870, James Lang; res. in
Barnet. Ch. (1) Merton.* (2) Alvin,* d. 1892. (3) Carric-i d. Nov.
1897. (4) Carl,* who has chil. Emerson, ^ and Marjorie.^
ii. Florence J., 3 b. Topsham, Feb. 1850; m. 1880, Edward Nason of Con-
cord, N. H.; d. Nov. 1884. No chil.
iii. Ella R.,3 b. Barnet, July 2, 1854; d. Concord, N. H., Sept. 1871.
iv. Eva R.,3 (twin to alDove) m. June, 1880, Martin Sanders; res. Pittsfield,
N. H.

2 William, 2 (Amos. 1) b. Oct. 4,1821; went to Boston, when a young man

and was in teaming bus. with his brothers ; then to California in
1849, via Cape Horn, a journey of six mos., returning via Panama.

GENEALOGY — NOYES. 485

Afterward was in the oil bus. in Ontario. Lived in Boston where he
d. Oct. 7, 1908; he m. May, 1851, Martha Bailev of Peacham, who d.
July 16, 1887.
Children :
5 WilHam.s b. Nov. 6, 1857.

3 James Hunter,2 (Amos.i) b. March 20, 1823; m. 1st, 1848, Almira Roberts

2d, Oct. 1861, Lima Hillsbard. Went to Boston and was in trucking
bus., and later in oil bus. in Ontario; ret. to Boston, where he d. Oct.
10, 1869.
Children all born in Boston.
i. WiUiam.a b. Jan., d. Mav, 1851.
ii. Emma,3 b. May, 1852, d. Sept. 1 854.
iii. James, 3 b. 1854. d. 1856.
iv. Emma H.,3 b. 1856; d. 1858.

By 2d marriage,
iv. Geo. L.,3 b. 1864; res. in Boston.
V. Edward B.,3 b. 1867 ; res. Maiden, Mass.

4 Alexander Harvey, (Amos,i) b. May 22, 1847; served in the Union army

in the civil war; res. St. Johnsbury. He m. May 14, 1874, Winona
Morris.
Children :
i. Lizzie, 3 who m. 1st, Mr. Farnham and had two sons. 2d, Mr. Tice ;
both of St. J.

5 William, 3 (William, 2 Amos,i) b. Boston, Nov. 6, 1857; grad. Harvard Univ.

1881; fellow at Johns Hopkins Univ. 1884-85 ; Harvard Med. Sch.,
1886; Ass't phys. Bloomingdale (N. Y.) As_vlum 1885-88; McLean
Hosp., Boston, 1889-92 ; Mass. Hosp. for Dipsomaniacs and Inebri-
ates. 1892-96; Supt. men's department, Boston Insane Hosp. 1896-
1905 ; Supt. of Hospital since 1905 ; instructor in mental diseases at
Harvard Med. School ; member of several medical associations. He
m. at Montague, Mass., Sept. 4, 1894, Lucia J. Clapp. One son. Wil-
liam.*

ORR.

JoHN,^ b. Kilmalcolm, Scotland, 1744; came to America in the spring of 1774,
arriving in Ryegate on the 23d of May, with his brother Robert, who
settled in Corinth. He took possession of Lot No. 6, and house lot
No. 356. The former was afterward owned by John Cameron and
from it was sold the site of the meeting house, where the town house
stands. He served in the Revolutionary war, in Capt. Frye Bayley's
Co., which marched to Saratoga in 1777. In 1797, he exchanged his
land at the Corner with John Cameron for 200 acres in the west part
of the town on the Groton line, where he cleared a farm. He m. 1781,
Sarah Mills of Chester, N. H., a sister of John Mills of Newbury. (See
Newbury History.) She d. 1815; he d. Dec. 1831; bur. in the West
cemetery. They were members of the Associate Pres. ch.
Children : (Dates of birth from Town and Session records.)

1 i. William, 2 b. Nov. 10, 1782.

ii. Mary, 2 b. Aug. 11. 1790; d. March 8, 1793; bur. in the pasture about
50 rods n. w. of the town house. (Mason).

2 iii. John, 2 b. Sept. 25, 1794.

iv. James, 2 b. Oct, 10, 1796; d. Aug. 21, 1798.

V. Sarah, 2 b. Oct. 27,1799; m. John Jones. Ch. (1) Mary Jane, 3 [Jones]
d. un-m. (2) Sarah, 3 [Jones] m. Peter Hale. (3) Harriet, 3 [Jones.]
(4) William, 3 [Jones] m. Rachel AnnOrr. S ch. (5) Charles,3 [Jones]
m. Martha Plummer. 4 ch. (6) Samuel, 3 [Jones] never m. (7) Avis, 3
[Jones] d. un-m.

486 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

2 WiLLiAM,2 (Jolin.i) b. Nov. 10, 1782; m. about 1803, Rachel Rodgers, who

came to this country as a servant in the family of Rev. Wm. Gibson.
Lived in the w. part of the town, and built the stone house where
Frank Hooper now lives. He d. June 19, 1844; she d. April 30, 1865.
Member of Ref Pres. ch.
Children :

3 i. James, 3 b. Jan. 25, 1804.

li. Mary,3 b. Jan. 21, 1806 ; m. Nathaniel Nutt of Topsham. 3 ch.

iii. Winiam,3 b. Nov. 10, 1807; d. fuly 19, 1885; m. Sarah Verbeck (or Bur-
dick.) 6 ch. She d. Jan. 26, 1881

iv. Jane,3 (Jean) b. Nov. 2, 1809; m. Jan. 13, 1842, Wm. McKinley, q, v.

V, Sarah, 3 b. Oct. 5, 1811 ; m. Thomas Wormwood, q. v.

vi. Annie, 3 d. un-m. June 23, 1882.

4 vii. John, 3 b. Dec. 18, 1818.

viii. Margaret, 3 (b. Nov. 10, 1817, by Caldwell rec); m. William Caldwell,
q. v., Jan. 13, 1842.

2 John, 2 (John,i) b. Sept. 25, 1794; settled on his father's farm in the w. part

of the town. He m. 1812. Achsah Thompson of Topsham. He d.
Jan. 27, 1880.
Children :
i. Jacob,* b. March 6, 1815 ; m. Martha Frost ; d. 1863. 10 ch.
ii. Rachel,-* b. 1816; d. 1874; m. 1st, Isaiah Emery. Their dau. Achsah m.

James Holmes and 2d, J. L. C. Hooper,
iii. John,* b. d. 1838, or '39.

iv. Samuel,'* b. d. Feb. 29, 1820; 1st burial in West cemetery.

V. Rhoda,4 b. 1821 ; d. Manchester, N. H., 1856.

vi. Eliza,* m. Perley Hamlet of Bradford, N. H. 2d, a Mr. French of Man-
chester, N. H.
vii. Robma,* b. 1826; d. Manchester, N. H.

viii. Volence,* m. 1st Rhoda, dau. Dr. Perry, 2d. Sarah Hewlett,
ix. Susannah,* m. Freeman Ellsworth; d. ab. 1882.
X. Elzina,* m. Chester H. Chase; d. Manchster, N. H., ab. 1887.
xi. Philander,-* b. Dec. 14, 1833 ; m. Sept. 27, 1871, Mary A. Knight (b.
Feb. 2, 1839; d. Dec. 27, 1899.) He d. March 4, 1898; bur. Walter
Harvey cem. Farmer; his farm is now owned by E. Brock.

5 xii. Chester,4.'b. July, 1835.

xiii. Miranda,* b. Oct. 25, 1837; m. Isaac P. Dunn, q. v.

xiv. Lucy Ann,* m. Arthur McLaughlin. 2d, Charles Stevens of Peacham.
1 son.

3 James,3 (William, 2 John,*) b. Jan. 25, 1804; m. March 11, 1828, Margaret,

dau. John Harvey,"? (b. Dec. 22, 1802, d. May 22,1887.) He d. March
22,1892; bur. in Walter Harvey Cem. They lived in Topsham, and
rem. to Groton and d. there. Members of Ref. Pres. ch.
Children : Bur. three who died,
i. Mary C.,* b. March 9, 1831; m. 1st, David Whitehill, q. v. 2d, Wesson
Crown, q. v. She d. Dec. 5, 1911.

6 ii. Robert Harvey,* b. May 2, 1838.

iii. William S.,* m. Margaret Abbott; res. Peacham. No ch. Mem. Ref.

Pres. ch.
iv. Jane,* m. Dugald Stewart, q. v. 4 ch., three d. young.
Children :
i. Emily Ann,* b. 1843.

ii. May Eliza,* b. 1848 ; m. John Fowler of Montpelier.
iii. Olive,* b. 1849 ; d. Topsham, Nov. 7, 1910.
iv. Phebe Darling,* b. 1862; res. Waterbury.
V. Washington,* rem. to Groton and res. there.

4 John, 3 ( William, 2 John,*) b. Dec, 18, 1818. He was called "Long John."

and in old trainings was placed near the head of the company because

GENEALOGY— ORR, 487

he was so tall. He m. Jan. 7, 1841 by John Darling, Esq., Chris-
tian, dau. Dea. James Caldwell. He became insane and d. at Brattle-
boro in Dec. 1893. 5 chil. No record.

5 Chester ^ (John, 2 John, i) b. Ryegate, July, 1835. Served in the Civil war in

Co. D, 1st Vt. Cavalry ; taken prisoner at Stony Creek, June 30, 1864,
was at Andersonville prison ten mos., must, out. May 23, 1865. He
m. Feb, 22, 1868, Judith Louisa, dau. Peter,2 Whitehill (b. Groton,
July 21, 1843; d. Julv 31,1901). He d. May 4, 1896. He became
"blind.
Children :
i. Son,* d. in infancy.

ii. Ora S.,* b. July 5, 1874 ; d. April 5, 1875.

iii. Pliny M.,* b. April 11, 1877 ; m. Jan, 29, 1907, Mrs. Sylvia Dolph.

iv. Mattie.-i b. Feb. 6,1879; m. Aug. 9, 1898, Orange C. Frost. Ch. (1)
Elmer C. 5 b. Jan. 25, 1900. (2) Millie May.s b. Jan. 5, 1902. (3)
Delia Lavina.s b. June 13, 1907.

V. Millie J.,-^ b. Nov. 1, 1881 ; d. Feb. 29. 1895.

vi. Addie H.,* b. Aug. 27, 1883 ; d. Feb. 5, 1901.

vii. Mabel C.,*b. Sept. 14, 1884; m. May 2, 1906, Ernest M. Randall. Ch.
(1 ) John E. ,5 b. June 11, 1907.

6 Robert Harvey,* (James,3 Wm.,2 John.i) b. May 2. 1838; m. Dec. 1876,

Sarah V., dau. Wm..3 (John,2 James.i) Whitehill (b. March 22, 1852.)
He d. in Groton, April 9, 1911.
Children :
i. Clarence Harvey,^ b. April 22, 1878 ; d. Oct. 16, 1880.
ii. William James, 5 b. July 19, 1880; m. Nov. 28, 1902, Grace Mary Crane.
Ch. ■(!) Clarence Jesse,6b. Sept. 22, 1903. (2) Herbert Carroll.e b.
Oct. 19, 1905. (3) Mary Agnes, 6 b. Nov. 28, 1907. (4) Marshall
Crane.6 b. Oct. 25, 1909. (5) Alice Emma,6 b. Aug. 2, 1911.
iii. Albert Paris, s b. June 15, 1883.

iv. Grace Lillian, ^ b. Alarch 4, 1886; m. Frank Gibson, q. v.
V. Charles Harvey, 5 b. March 1. 1891.
vi. Leslie Harold, s b. Dec. 21, 1893.

PAGE.

Two brothers, Josiah and Jacob Page were b. in that part of Haverhill,
Mass., which is now a part of Plaistow, N. H., and came to Haverhill,
N. H., then to Newbury before the Rev. war, in which both served,
coming to Ryegate after the war and were prominent men, rearing
large families. They were nearly related to the Page family of Haver-
hill, N. H., so long prominent there.

JosiAH,! Page, b. ab. 1748, was bound out to an uncle from the age of fourtill
he was 21, and learned the blacksmith trade, and worked at it in New-
bury and in Ryegate. Mr. Mason says, he was the only blacksmith
between Newbury and Stanstead Plain. He served in the Rev. war as
sergeant in Capt. Thos. Johnson's Co., of Minutemen in 1775, and in
the 2d Co. under him, his service being 20 days; also one mo. in
Capt. John G. Bayley's Co., as a scout, between April 1777, and
March, 1779; also was in Capt. Frye Bayley's Co., which marched to
Saratoga, Sept. 23-Oct. 27, 1777; also 19 days as sergeant in Capt.
Simeon Stevens' Co., 1779-1781. While living in Newbury he held
town offices and in 1781 was chosen, with Col. Jacob Kent, a delegate
to a constitutional convention held at Windsor. In Ryegate, where
he bought land south of the Corner of John Scott, he held town offices;
was town clerk 1784-'87. town representative in 1792, '93, '94 and
'96, and was delegate to the Constitutional convention of 1793.
Whether a church member or not does not appear, but he served on
several committees about building a meeting house and settling a min-
ister. He kept tavern at the Corner and was Lieut. -Col. of the 1st

488 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Reg. in Cal. Co , in the old militia. Josiah Page d. 1814. He m.
Lydia Pettee of So. Berwick, Me., who was b. at Haverhill, Mass.
Their descendants are widely scattered and their records imperfect,
but we give what can be obtained of them.
Children : Dates of birth from town record.

1 i. Jonathan,'^ b. Haverhill, N. H., Feb. 22, 1770.

2 ii. Mary, 2 b, Haverhill, March 14, 1772.

iii. Abigail, 2 b. Newbury, July 18, 1774; m. 1st, Benjamin Wright, q. v. 2d,
Hugh Johnson, q. v.

3 iv. Josiah Kimball,- b. Newbury, Aug. 16, 1776.

v. John, 2 b. Newbury, Aug. 25; d. Sept. 16, 1778.

yi. Sarah, 2 b. Newbury, Sept. 18, 1780; d. Aug. 1796. A poem upon her
death appeared in the Orange Nightingale and Newbury Morning Star
for Aug. 25, 1796, which may be seen in the library at Newbury.

4 vii. John, 2 b. R., Aug. 1. 1782.

viii. Phebe 2 b. R., Nov. 23, 1786; m. Robert G. Allen, q. v.

5 ix. William, 2, b. R. Aug. 20. 1790.

1 JoNATHAN,2, (Josiah.i ) b. Haverhill, N. H., Feb. 22. 1770; m. 1st, at Danville,
Nov. 26, 1788. Sarah Elliott, who d. April 19, 1804, and he m. 2d,
Nov. 13, 1804, Elizabeth Shields [Mason].
Children, from town record.
Lydia,3 b. Feb. 14, 1789; m. P. Harriman.
Elizabeth, 3 b. Nov. 26, 1790 ; m. George Mason, q. v.
Josiah, 3 b. Jan. 10, 1793; m. Catherine Spenser,
iv. Abigail, 3 b May 1, 1795 ; d. April 5, 1862 ; m. James Dunsyre, q. v.
V. Kimball. 3 b. June 14, 1799 ; m. Sarah Holman.

By 2d marriage,
vi. Wright, 3 b. 1805; m. Hannah Dow;
vii. Alexander.3 b. Dec. 30, 1806.
viii. Jonathan, 3 b. Dec. 22, 1808.
ix. Winiam,3 b. June 20, 1811.
X. Elias,3 b. June 9, 1813.
xi. Sarah, 3 b March 16, 1815.
xii. Dorothy,3b. Jan. 10, 1819.
xiii. Hannah, 3 b. April 8, 1821.
Mary,2 (Josiah, 2 Josiah,i) b. Haverhill, N. H., March 14, 1772. She m. 1st,
1787, William Johnston (b. Aberdeen, Scotland, 1754. When a young
man be went to the West Indies where he rem. 3 yrs. and having lost
his health, came to America. Served in the American army in the Rev.
war, and was in the battles of Brandywine, Monmouth and German-
town ; was orderly sergeant and muster master. Rem. in New York
after the war and taught school at Schenectady, afterwards coming to
Barnet where he taught school for many years which was the only
school at that time. He d. July 1, 1819, on the farm owned in 1860
by Wm. Carrick, Jr.— -Mason.) She m. 2d. 1823, as 2d w., Alexander
Elmsley (b. Aberdeen, Scot., 1756; went into the British army and
sailed from Scotland to engage in the American war ab. 1777 ; was in
the battle of Brandywine, Monmouth and Germantown ; rem. in Am.
after the war; came to Barnet 1793, and began to clear the farm
owned and occupied in 1860 by Josiah Johnston, where he d. March
27, 1837.— Mason). She d. May 20, 1837. and is bur. in the old
church yard at Barnet Ctr., between her husbands.
Joseph Kimball,2 (Josiah, i) b. Newbury, Aug. 16, 1776; m. Abigail, dau.
Benj. Chamberlin of N. They lived in Topsham many yrs.
Children, not in regular order.
Josiah, 3 m. Kate Jackson of Wells River. 6 ch.
George, 3 d. in N. Y. city.
Julia, 3 m. John Whitcher; d. N. Y. city.
Amanda,3 b. May 8, 1826; d. Jan. 24." 1881; m. Anderson Miller, q. v.

GENEALOGY— PAGE. 489

,3 m. Loren Whitcher, and d. in N. Y. city.

Hector,3 d. N. Y. city.

Five of this family d. within 14 mos. — MiLLER.

4 John, 2 (Josiah,i)b. Ryegate, Aug. 1, 1782; was a great sufferer from sores,

from four till 14 and did not go to school till he was 15, but had
learned to read a little. In 1798 when Rev. Wm. Forsythe came to
Ryegate, John attended his school and learned very rapidly, then
went to Rev. Wm. Gibson, afterwards attending Peacham Acad,
when Ezra Carter was principal. He taught 21 winters and 18 sum-
mer terms, and lived in a house which stood in the bend of the road
south of the Corner. He was called Lame John and as the late Mer-
rill Goodwin who was one of his pupils says, used his crutches to en-
force discipline. He wrote a beautiful hand and seems to have been a
very useful man. Hem. Dorcas Hibbard of Bath, who d. 1848. He
d. 1860.
Children :
i. Wilham Penn.s b. Dec. 20, 1806 ; d. June 3, 1854 at Virgin Bay, Panama,

on his way to California.
ii. Eliza Barker,3 b. Sept. 28, 1808.
iii. Mitchell Hibbard.s b. April 11, 1810.
iv. Stephen P. W.,3 b. Jan. 22. 1812.
V. A. Hibbard, 3d. 1851.
vi. Josiah,3 b.
vii. Son lost at sea, 1842.

5 William, 2 (Josiah.i) b. Aug. 20, 1790. He m. Sept. 16. 1812, Amity, dau.

Benj. Chamberlin of N. He lived where John F. Nelson afterwards
lived. Rem to So. Ryegate, 1819 and bought a farm which he sold in
1838 to David Bone, and rem. to Newbury. Captain of Ryegate
Light Infantry, 1832. He d. Lebanon, N. H., Oct. 16, 1883. (For
family see Hist, of Newbury.)

PAGE.

Jacob,! (Brother of precedmg,) b. Haverhill, Mass., or Plaistow, N. H.,
1750. Came to Newbury with his bro. Josiah before the Rev. war
and settled at the Oxbow. Served in Capt, Johnson's Co. of Minute-
men 1775 ; also one mo. in Capt. John G. Bayley's Co,, guarding and
scouting; 19 days in Capt. Simeon Steyens' Co., 1780, and probably
in other service ; taken prisoner at Peacham with Col. Thomas John-
son and Jonathan Elkins and taken to Quebec; kept in irons for sev-
eral months, exchanged and ret. to Newbury. Lived some time in
Haverhill. About 1789 he bought land of Alexander McDonald, in
Ryegate on the "town spot," now part of "Fairview" farm. His
house which stood opposite W. F. McLam's was torn down by W.
W. Wright. He m. 1st, July 29, 1773, Sarah, dau. John Johnson,
sister of Col. Thomas Johnson (b. Oct. 29, 1751; d. Ryegate, Sept.
17, 1791.) 2d, 1792, Louisa, dau. Richard Chamberlin, (b. Dec. 25,
1751; d. 1835.) He d. 1831; bur. at Ryegate Corner. A tall old
fashioned clock, once the family clock of Jacob Page is owned by his
gt. gr. dau., Mrs. D. W. Learned.
Children : The 1st 6 b. Newbury.
i. Eunice, 2 b. Jan. 26, 1775 ; m. Jonathan Fowler.

ii. Sarah, 2 b. Oct. 17. 1776; d. Oct. 17, 1778.

iii. Sarah, 2 b. April 24, 1778; m. Rufus Hosmer.

iv. Jacob, 2 b. 1781 ; m. Judith Carter.

v. Ruth, 2 b. May 4, 1783 ; m. Samuel Whitaker, q. v.

vi. A1)igail,2 b, Aug. 5, 1785. m. Stephen Smith of Danville.
1 vii. John O., 2 b. April 30, 1787.

viii. Hannah, 2 b. July 15, 1789, Haverhill; m. Daniel Lang of Bath.

490 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

By 2d marriage,
ix. Polly, 2 b. Ryegate, Nov. 26. 1792; d. 1852.
X. Betsey, 2 b. Ryegate, Jan. 27, 1795.

1 John O. ,2 (Jacob,i) b. Haverhill, N. H., April 30, 178 7. Came to Ryegate

with parents, and lived with his father succeeding him on the farm.
Served in the war of 1812. He m. Sarah Heath, dau. Jesse Heath (b.
May 22, 1795; d,) He d. Feb- 3, 1865.
Children. (Dates of birth from town rec.)

2 i. Jacob Fowler.s b. Sept. 2, 1815.

3 ii. Voda,3 b. Jan. 22, 1817.

4 iii. Alanson D.,3 b. Aug. 30. 1818.

iv. Ruth Whitaker,3 b. May 17, 1820; d. March 16, 1867.
V. Jesse Heath.s b. Dec. 25, 1821 ; m. Avis Hatch,
vi. Dennison Burnham,^ b. Jan. 23, 1823; m. Sarah Ann Moore of Corinth,

Vt.
\n. Polly Taplin,3 b. Oct. 2, 1825 ; m. Frank Burgess of Waltham, Mass.
viii. Phebe Heath,3 b. Nov. 3. 1827 : d. 1851.
ix. Mary, 3 b. Aug. 29, 1829 ; m. 1st, Geo, Pollard, q. v. 2d, Thomas Taisey.
X. William, 3 (twin to Mary); m. Janet Emerson.
xi. Samuel Whitaker,3 b. Aug. 17, "1831.

xii. Jonathan Fowler,3 b. June 30, 1833; d. Chicago, Feb. 29, 1892.
xiii. Lydia,3 b. Aug. 20, 1835 ; d. June 23, 1870.

xiv. CaroHne Bradley, 3 b. Sept. 7, 1837; m. Homer Hosmer; d. Dec. 8, 1872,
All the above children lived to be men and women.

3 VoD.\,3 (John O. ,2 Jacob, 1) b. Ryegate, Jan. 22, 1817; m. Jan. 7, 1836, John

Gracey, b. in Ireland. Rem. to Peacham, 1S67, where he d. April 1,
1901. She d. May 10, 1909, the oldest person in town. She had been
a church member over 60 years.
Children :
i. Mary Ellen,* [Gracey] b. Ryegate, Dec. 5, 1836; m. Jan, 19, 1862, John

F. Morse of P., a soldier in the civil war.
ii. Adaline 0.,* [Gracey] b. Peacham. March 25, 1839; m. April, 1862, Jo-
seph W. Wilson. Res. Stoneham, Mass.
iii. John C* [Gracey] b. Peacham, July 4. 1842; served 4 yrs. in 1st Vt.

Cavalry. Res. Peacham; m. Sept. 1868, Elizabeth Ferguson of P.
iv. Sarah A ,* [Gracey] b. April 1, 1844; m. Sept. 1867, E. C. Potter of St.

Johnsbury.
V. Orice F. Martin,* [Gracey] b. March 12, 1846; m. May 1871, Esther
M. Gray. Res. Somerville. Mass.

4 Alanson Smith, 3 (John 0.,2 Jacob i) b. Aug. 30, 1818; m. Betsey Merrill of

Maidstone. Lived in Ryegate. He d. July 17, 1862; she d. in R.,
May 1891, aged 73.
Children :
i. Sarah Elizabeth,* b. March 9, 1847; m. June 14, 1865, F. Ezra Clark of

Newbury. She d. June 20, 1894. 3 chil.
ii. Susan Jane,* b. Feb. 25, ls'4-9; m. Apri 5, 1870, Abner T. Heath of

Newbury. No ch. Res. Orford, N. H.
iii, James Lewis Merrill,* b. April 19, 1853. Went to Cal.
iv. Alex. Smith,* b. March 1, 1861. Went to Cal.
2 Jacob Fowler, 3 (John 0.,2 Josiah,i) b. Ryegate, Sept. 2, 1815; carpenter;
lived in Newbury, near Boltonville. He m. Dec. 26, 1839, Lydia C,
dau. Enoch Nelson. (This family usually spell the name Paige.)
Children all born in Newbury.
i. Hill Bradley,* b. June 20, 1840; served in the Union army in the Civil
war. He m. Catherine Limmington of Iowa and d. Jan, 12, 1910.
1 son, 2 daus.
ii. Charles N.,5 b. Jan. 13, 1842; served in the Union army in the Civil war;

m. Dec. 14, 1866, Mary J., dau. John McLure. (For chil. see p. 429.)
iii. Alonzo,* b. Sept. 28, 1844 ;"d. June 6, 1857.

GENEALOGY— PAGE. 491

iv. Harriet Bradley,* b. July 10. 1845; m. Major N. Wheeler, then of Wau-

sau, Wis., later of Newbury. She d. July 31, 1884. Several sons who

live in Newbury and vicinity 2 daus. d. y.
V. Cora A. ,4 b. Aug. 9,184-7; m. Daniel W. Learned of Newbury, who d.

March 20, 1890. She res. at Wells River. 2 sons,
vi. Sarah Elizabeth,* b, Aug. 2, 1849; m. E. D. Chamberlin of Bath, N. H.

2 sons. 1 dau.
vii. Mary A.,* b. April 16, 1852 ; m. James G. Learned of Newbury. One son,

Frank.

PAGE.

Nathan Barker. i Mr. Mason says that he was a cousin to Josiah and
Joshua Page. He lived in the n. part of the town, on the road from
Ryegate Corner to Peacham. He m. Both bur. at Ryegate

Corner. They seem to have been Covenanters. We give all that is
known of them.
Children, from Mason and town records.
i. Hannah, 2 b. 1787 ; d. un.m. 1854.
ii. Job,2 b. Oct. 25, 1789 ; d. May 1, 1812.
iii. William. 2 b. Aug. 30, 1791.

iv. Nathan, 2 b. June 21, 1793 ; m. Cynthia Chapman of Haverhill.
V. Abraham A.. 2 b. Aug. 4, 1795 ; m. Sarah A. Clark of Thetford.
vi. Martha, 2 b. June 11. 1797; m. 1st, Isaac Merrill of Danville. 2d, Daniel

Powers of Thetford.
vii. Isaac,2 b. May 6, 1800 ; m. Eliza Hunt of Maine and d. there in 1834.
viii. Janet,2 b. March 29, 1803; d. Sept. 12, 1870; m. John Dunn q. v.
ix. Abigail,2 b. July 9, 1805 ; m. Cvrus Heaton of Thetford ; d. 1841.
X. Helen,2 b. May 9, 1809 ; m. Daniel Powers of Thetford.
William B.,~ (Nathan B.,i) h. Aug. 30, 1791; farmer; d. on the farm owned
in 1860 by Daniel Wormwood. He m. 1st, by Rev. Jas. Milligan,
March 18, 1819, Hannah Coleof Barton, who d. leaving one son Job.
2d, Jan. 23, 1828, by the same, Rhoda, dau. Jonathan Coburn (b.
Jan. 14, 1813).
Children, from town record.
ii. RhodaJane,3b. Dec. 2, 1832,
iii. William Wallace. 3 b. March 6, 1836.
iv. Horace Hibbard,3 b. Aug. 16, 1838
V. Charles Augustus, 3 b. Aug. 17, 1840.
vi, Francis Adine,3 b. May 6, 1843.
vii. Josiah Warren, 3 b. July 19, 1845.
viii. [ames Milton, 3 b. Aug. 11, 1847.
ix. EllietCoburn,3 b. July 16, 1850.

PAGE.

John C.,i b. Nov. 7, 1824; m. Sept. 29, 1846, Nancv, dau. Ezra,3 Gates (b.
Ryegate, Sept. 1, 1821; d. Feb. 6, 1880; bur.' at Westmore, Vt.) He
d. Oct 25, 1899. He lived near the outlet of Sym's Pond, and ran the
saw mill some years. He was a fine marksman. Enlisted Aug. 14,
1862 in the U. S. Sharpshooters; dis. June 19, 1866; twice wounded.
A very fine rifle, which he had made but was not not allowed to use in
the army, is now owned by Mr. John Gates. Not related to the
other Page families. Rem. to Westmore.
Children :
i. George W. ,2 b. June 16.1847; m. Eliza M. Clark. He d. in Ark., June

23 1 898
ii. Harriet M.,2 b. Oct. 21, 1851 ; m. H. H. Carpenter of E. Concord, N. H.
iii. Flora E.,2 b. April 17, 1854; m. O. D. Bailey of Lakeport, N. H.

492 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

iv. Ida J. ,2 b. June 29, 1856; m. July 4, 1881. H. Deveraux of Barton Vt.,
(b. June 28. 1854.) Ch. (1) Myrtie E.,3b. Jan. 30, 1 888. (2) Ralph
E.,3 b. July 8, 1893.
V. Calista J. ,2 b. Oct. 27, 1859 ; m. N. C. Simonds of York Beach, Me.

vi. Eugene H.,2 Feb. 26, 1862 ; m. Feb. 5, 1873, Mary Jane Gerrish of Fran-
cistown, N. H. Res. Sharon, Vt., in lumber bus. Ch. both b. Nashua,
N. H. (1) Ethel Flora,3 b, May 31, 1894. (2) Bert Lewis.a b. Oct.
20, 1897.

PARK.

This family has representatives in most of the parishes in the shires of Lan-
ark, Dunbarton and Renfrew, where the name frequently recurs. In
the ''Church and Parish of Inchinnan," it is mentioned that "On the
3d of February, 1685, James Algie and John Park were hanged at the
Cross of Paisley for refusing to take the Test and Oath of Abjura-
tion." Whether the Park family of Ryegate is descended from this
John Park who thus "suffered for the faith," in the days of the perse-
cution cannot be ascertained, but in 1740 and for maay years after-
ward, Alexander Park was an elder in the church at that place. The
names John and Alexander often recur in the annals of the Park family
here in Ryegate.

JoHN,i and Margaret (Read) his wife, came from near the Iron Works at
Paisley, Scotland in 1794 and settled on the farm on part of which N.
A. Park lives, dividing it between his sons Archibald and James. They
were ad. to the Ass. Pres. ch. June 25,1795 by certificate from the
New Relief ch. at Glasgow.

Glasgow, March 24, 1795,
These do certify that John Park and Margaret Reid his wife have for
some time past been members of the New Relief chtxrch. Campbell Street here,
and there is no reason known to us w^hy they may not be admitted to any
Cnristian Society where in the course of Providence their lot may be cast.

Robert Balfour, Minister.
Wm. Walker, Sess. Clerk.

He was a very successful farmer and a highly esteemed citizen. Hi
wife d. June 24, 1807, and he m. March 22, 1808, by Rev. David
Goodwillie, Jean McCallough. He d. Oct. 17, 1811.
Children :

1 i. Archibald, 2 b. 1780.

2 ii. James, 2 b. 1782.

iii. John, 2 b. April 30, 1786. Went to New York and was never heard of
afterward.

These are all the children whose names are in the old Family Bible
of John Park, but there was certainly one more daughter, Jane or
Jean, who m. in 1805, Robert Fulton of Newbury, who came from the
parish of Ellerslie, near Glasgow, in 1801. She d. in 1816 and has
many descendants in Newbury and vicinity. (See Hist, of Newbury).
1 Archibald, 2 (John;i) b. 1780. Came with parents to Ryegate, lived and d.
on the farm where his father did. He was prominent in town bus. for
many years. He m. Margaret, dau. James Renfrew (b. Paisley, Scot.,
1790; d. March 4, 18 6.) Mr. Park came to his death by being
thrown from a wagon and kicked by the horse, dying six days later,
Dec. 12, 1847; bur. in West cemetery.
Children :

3 i. John, 3 b. March 7, 1807.

ii. Margaret,3 b. Sept. 13, 1808: m. Robert Miller, q. v.
iii. Jane, 3 (Jean) b. Sept. 8, 1810; m. Robert Cochran, q. v.

4 iv. James Kenfrew,3 b. Feb. 20, 1813.

5 V. Archibald,3 b. March 29, 1815.

o

— G
% r.

^ o

O W

o o

GENEALOGY— PARK. 493

vi. Elizabeth, 3 d. 4 mos.

vii. EIizabeth;3 b. Oct. 5. 1818; d. Oct. 19, 1827.

viii. Robert,3 b. June'23, 1821 ; went to California and d. there 1855.
ix. Nancy, 3 b. May 18, 1823; m. Wm. J. Nelson, q. v.
X. Abigail, 3 b. Sept 15, 1825 ; m. Harrison Bailey of Newbury.
xi. Andrew J. ,3 b. Sept. 22, 1827; d. Sept. 3, 1833.
xii. Caroline, 3 b. Dec. 18, 1829; m. James Dickey, q. v.

James,2 ( John, 1) b. 1782. Came to Am. with parents, settled on the north
part of his father's farm, where he d, June 17,1833. He m. Dec. 5,
1811. Elizabeth Bowles of Newbury, who d. Sept. 26, 1855.

Children :
i. WilHam.s b. 1819 ; d. Dec. 17, 1845.
ii. Perry, 3 settled and d. in Pennsylvania.

iii. Alexander H.,3 b. April 19, 1825.

iv. Elizabeth Jane,3.b. Jan. 12, 1829; d. 1885.

J0HN,3 (Archibald, 2 John, 1) b. March 7, 1807. In 1832 he bought the farm
formerly owned by Stratford Brown on which was an old log house
about half way between the river and the present house. He built the
latter and partly finished it in 1832, and m. 1st, March 20, 1833,
Jane, dau. Walter Roben (b. Oct. 15,1812; d. June 11,1848). 2d,
March 16, 1849. Susan, dau. Josiah Quint, (b. Oct. 15, 1825; d.
Dec. 11, 1905.) John Park d. Oct. 23, 1885.

Rev. A. J. Park says that in 1840 there were in close connection
w^ith the farm of John Park, three log houses. One on the farm about
half way from the present house to the river, in which the Widow
Potts lived with her son Joseph who became a lawyer and lived in
Barnet. Up past the present house on the hill, was a log house occu-
pied by Mr. Wilson who had probably four chil., of whom the young-
est were William and Jane. William some years afterward lived on
the Crawford place. After he left, John Harvey occupied the house
some years, had several chil. of whom Helen, Marion and John were
the oldest. Then John Smith bought the place. Across the river, up
the road a little way and back from the present road w^as the log
house of Samuel Brown. Up the river and adjoining the Park farm
was the log house of Samuel Allen, the last one of the four to be
occupied. Mr. Rqben says that in 1845 or thereabouts, James Brown,
son of Robert Brown was stricken with small pox, in a very putrid
form, at his father's home. Alary, the daughter of Staiford Brown,
persisted in visiting him. She was taken with the disease, carried it
to her home where her brother John took it and died. Robert with
his family of boys, who were all carpenters, bought a building lot
opposite the bridge that crossed the river, built a cottage house and
as soon as James was able, moved in. He burned the old log house.
The old people lived here the rest of their lives and the house has been
occupied ever since by their descendants.

Children :
i. Andrew J.,* b. Julv 22, 1834.

ii. Margaret Jane.* b. May 1, 1836; d. May 16, 1840.

iii. Isabel Roben, * b. June 9, 1837 ; clerk in store of Archibald Park several
yrs. She m. March 20, 1874, Frank Finch, who d. July 13, 1898. No
chil. She res. Wilton, Conn,
iv. Walter Archibald,* b. Feb. 19, 1839.
V. John R.,* b. Nov. 26, 1840 ; d. Feb. 4, 1845.

vi. Martin Van Buren.,* b. July 28, 1842 ; lived in Cal.; dealer in real estate
and mining stocks. He d. un-m. May 23, 1909 at Hotel Del Beau-
mont, Cal.
vii. Sarah Jane,* b. June 15, 1844.

viii. Pollv Ann,* b. March 20, 1846; m. Jabez B. Nelson, q. v.
ix. Infaiat son,* b. May 20 : d. May 25, 1848.

494 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

By 2d marriage.
X. Susan Augusta,* b.
xi. Leander Quint,* b. Nov. 18,1850. Went to Cal.; m. Euphemia Somers

of Barnet ; d. March 2, 1881. Ch. Nettie May,6 b. May 20, 1880.
xii. Jennette Helen,* b. Oct. 23, 1852; d. Feb. 25. 1877.
xiii, Elizabeth Underwood,* b. Nov. 29, 1853; m. Edgar Miller, who d. at

Woodsville, N. H., March, 1912.
xiv. John L.,* b. Oct. 25, 1855 ; d. July 7, 1877.
XV. Caroline A.,* b. Feb. 24, 1857 ; d. Aug. 22, 1859.
xvi. James R.,* b. April 24, 1859.

xvii. Abbie M.,* b. Jan. 10, 1861 ; m. Alva George of Topsham.
xviii. Nancie E.,* b. Feb. 13, 1863.
lOxix. Robert H..* b. July 2, 1865.

XX. Rosa A.,* b. March 14. 1868 ; m. George G. Nelson, q. v.

4 James Renfrew,^ (Archibald, 2 John,i) b. Feb. 20, 1813; farmer on home-

stead till 1881, when he sold to his son Geo. N., and rem. to South
Rvegate. In politics a democrat; selectman 7 yrs., lister 10 yrs.,
town representative 1854; also largely occupied in the settlement of
estates. He m. 1st, Feb. 7, 1839. by Rev. Wm. Pringle, Hannah G.,
dau., George Nelson (b. Sept. 6,1818; d; March 17,1874.) 2d by
Rev. Mr. Hill, March 1, 1875, Mrs. Nancv (Brown) Plummet. Shed.
Aug. 2, 1892; he d. May 1, 1895.
Children :

12 i. George N.,*b. Nov. 26, 1839; d. Jan. 10, 1890.

13 ii. Archibald,* b. Nov. 30, 1841.

iii. Arabella M.,* b. Jan. 3, 1 844 ; m. Nov. 21, 1872, Walter T. McLam.

iv. Annette Jane, 5 b. July 30, 1847; d. March 3, 1878. She was an invalid

all her life.
V. Martha Christie,* b. Sept. 2, 1855 ; res. So. Ryegate.

5 Arci ibald,3 (Archibald,^ John.i) b. March 29, 1815. Went to New York

City and became a retail dealer in Dress Trimmings and Fancy Goods.
He m. by Rev. Wm. Pringle, Aug. 31, 1841, Margaret, dau. Walter
Roben (b. R. Oct. 17,1816; d. March 12,1881.) He d. Westport,
Conn., June 16, 1865. Both bur. Woodlawn cem., N. Y.

Children :
i. Isabel Roben.* b. N. Y. City, May 12, 1842 ; m. Dec. 26,1870, Wm. H.
McCord, contractor in the Iron and Steel trade, formerly of the firm of
Post & McCord ; sold their bus. to the Am. Bridge Co., in which he
held an important position. Many office buildings, department stores
and public buildings in N. Y., were built by his firm. Member of N. Y.
Yacht Club, the Builders Club and other organizations. She d. Nov.
1910, Greenwich, Conn.
Children :

1. Isabel, 5 [McCord] b. Nov. 15, 1871.

2. Robert A.,5 b. June 29, 1873 ; m. June 29, 1893, Catherine Farrington of

N. Y., who d. 1905. One s. Robert.^ v

3. Charlotte,5 b. Dec. 7, 1874; m. Oct. 2, 1899, Nathaniel Webb of Green-

wich, Conn. One dau. Catherine. ^

4. Frank B.,^ b. July 12. 1876 ; m. Agnes Clements of N. Y. 2 daus., 1 son.

5. Wilham P.,^ b. April 28, 1878.

6. Herbert. 5 b. June 19. 1880.

7. Mary Margaret.^ b. b. Oct. 11, 1881 ; m. Dec. 26, 1902, Albert Burr of

Greenwich, Conn. 2 sons.

8. Grace.s b. March 7, 1884; m. Oct. 5, 1907, Henry Flanders of Sturgis,

Mich.
ii. Benjamin Franklin,* b. New York, Nov. 1, 1843. Salesman and Euro-
pean buyer of fancy goods and human hair, etc.; has made several
trips to Europe. He m. June 22, 1886, Mrs. Mary E. (McCord) Armi-
tage, who d. April 9, 1906, aged 49. Ch. Jessie McCord, 5 b. April
11, 1887.

ALEXANDER H. PARK.

GEORGE N. PARK

ARCHIBALD PARK.

MRS MARGARET ROBEN PARK.

GENEALOGY — PARK, 495

iii. Henry, 4^ b. New York, Tan. 17,1845. Salesman and Manager of one of
the retail departments of A. T. Stewart & Co., 1870-'77, and for the
past 20 yrs., office manager for Hirsh & Park and their successors at
Medway, Mass., Manufacturers of Ladies' Felt Hats, employing about
300 hands. He m. 1st, Aug. 5, 1874. Frances Jeanette Thompson of
New York City, who d. 1888. No ch. 2d. Oct. 17, 1893, Adelaide
Virginia Hodges of Medway, Mass. Ch. Virginia Roben,5 b. Med-
way, Feb. 6, 1896.

iv. James Allen,* b. N. Y. City, March 13, 1846. Salesman of wholesale
fancy goods; m. July 28, 1874, Phebe H. Thaw of Danbury, Conn.,
who d. Dec. 19, 1878. Ch. Stephen F.,5 b. New Canaan, Conn., June
13, 1876; m. N. Y. city, Oct. 18, 1902, Daisy Belle Alcoke, b. Vanda-
lia. Mo., Oct. 26,1876. Ch. (1) Katharine Roben,6 b. N. Y. City,
Aug. 31, 1903. (2) Archibald Alcoke,^ b. Nov. 7, 1905.

V. Archibald,* b. Ryegate, Sept. 21, 1849; Manfr for 21 years of Ladies'
Straw and Felt Hats at Medway, Mass., the firm name being Hirsh &
Park. He retired from bus. 1906, the firm being now Hirsh & Guis-
burg. He m. in N. Y., City June 3, 1885, Annie Gertrude, dau. Elbre
D. and Mary H. (Rider) Cordts. No ch. He d. Jan. 5,1912 at the
Colonial Hotel. N. Y. City.

vi. Walter Roben,* b. Ryegate, July 20, 1857 : salesman wholesale millinery
goods. He m. 1st, in Greenwich, Conn., Nov. 17, 1880, Josephine J.
Mead of G.; shed, Jan. 9, 1901. 2d, in Brooklyn, N. Y., Dec. 22,
1902, Clemence S. Mead, both wives being dau's of Benj. C, and
Marv E. Mead of Greenwich,. Ch. all by 1st m. (1) Mary E.,-'^ b.
Nov." 14, 1884; m. Dec. 5, 1906, Charles Henser of N.Y., (b. Aug. 24,
1877.) (2) Archibald, 5 b. May 12, d. July 21, 1887. (3) Walter
Swan, 5 b. Sept. 20, 1893; d. Jan. 23, 1894.
vii. Charles P.,* b. N. Y. City. Dec. 23, 1852 ; farmer, clerk, etc. He m. in the
winter of 1890, Mattie McManigill in Iowa (b. June 5, 1856 ) Res.
Council Bluffs, Iowa. Ch. (1) Benjamin F., 5 b. Nov. 28. 1896. (2)
Charles McCord.s b. Feb. 24, 1898.
viii. Margaret Jane,* b, : N, Y: City. March 15, 1856; m. there July 7, 1877,
John H. Totten, farmer of Wellfort, Conn., and res. there. Ch. (1)
Mary Frances, 5 [totten] b. Fairfield, Conn., Mav 26, 1879. (2) Jes-
sie Margaret, 5 b. Fairfield. March 10, 1882; m. in N. Y. City, Jan. 1,
1907, Walter S. Meeker of Westport. (3) Archibald Park,5 b. West-
port, Nov. 12, 1888. ■ ■ ■'..

ix. Jessie,* b. Ryegate, June^S, 1859; m. N. Y. City, Jan. 18. 1883, Arthur
W. Taylor (b. Greens -Far-nis, Conn., July 23,1859); farmer and sales-
man; res. Greens Farms, Ch. (1) Margaret Park, ^ b. Greens Farms
June 8, 1884. (2) Eleanor Wakeman.s b. Southport, Conn., Oct. 26,
1889.

6 Alexander Henderson. ,3 (James, 2 Jfohn,i) b. April 19, 1825. His father d.

in 1833 after a long term of sickness, leaving little to his family. Be-
fore his death he sold a strip off the south side of his farm to Alex-
ander Gibson for $250. Many years after the son bought it back
from W. N. Gibson, paying $1600. He sought no office, but^vas a pub-
lic spirited citizen. He m. June 24, 1854, by Rev. John Bole (his
1st marriage ceremony) Margaret, dau. Andrew Renfrew (b. Groton,
Nov. 10, 1831 ; d. Oct. 19, 1909) Members of ch. They gave

their children the best education they could. He d. Julv 3 , 1891.

Children :
i. Clara.* b. March 7, 1857; d. July 13, 1865.

13 ii. Henrvjames,*b. Jan. 2. 1859.

14 iii. Nelson A.,* b. Jan. 16, 1861.

iv. Lizzie Ann.,* b. Sept. 9 1863; m. Sept. 27, 1892, Charles S. Mills, q. v.
V. Martha Jane.* b. Oct. 16, 1866 ; m. Frank R. McColl, q. v.

7 Andrew Jackson,* ( John.s Archibald, 2 John,i) b. July 22, 1834. Went to N. Y.

City 1855. and was in the store of Archibald Park 2V2 yrs.; fitted for

496 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

college at Peacham and Mclndoes Acads. In N. V. City two and one-
half yrs. in a store. Grad. at the Univ. of New York City 1863;
Union Theo. Sem., 1866 ; ord. an evangelist by the 4rth Presbytery of
New York, April 22, 1866. Hem. Sept. 15, 1866, Mary, dau. John
and Mary Barnett of Albany, N. Y. Started same day as self-support-
ing missionaries in Mexico, but as war was then raging in Mexico,
were compelled to remain at Brownsville, Tex., in charge of the church
there till June, 1868. Then proceeded to Monterey, and adjoining
cities of Mexico preaching in Spanish, 1868-'72, the last two years
under the auspices of the Am. Foreign and Christian Union. Ret. to
the States, pastor, 1873-'79 of the Free Ref Dutch ch., Jersey City;
North Dutch ch., N. Y. City, Fulton St., in connection with the Fulton
Street Prayer meeting 1879-82. Acting pastor, Cong, ch., Weston,
Conn., 1882-88; Huntington, Conn., 1888-'99; Exeter Parish, Leb-
anon, Conn., 1901 to date. Mr. Park has published sermons and
addresses, and has contributed somewhat to the press.

Children :
i. Andrew J, ,^ b. Brownsville, Tex., Aug. 16; d. Aug. 24, 1867.
ii. Mary Isabel, ^ b. Monterey, Mex., Dec. 26, 1868; grad. Mt. Holyoek
Coll., 3 893; grad. at the Post Grad. School of Philosophy of Yale
Univ., 1893, with degree of Ph.D., 1904. Dean of woman's depart-
ment, Heidelburgh Univ., Tiffin. O.
iii. Louisa,* b. Monterey, May 5 ; d. Oct. 11, 1870.

iv. Jennie Alice, 5 b. Jersey City, N. J., Dec. 29, 1872; grad. Mt. Holyoke
Coll,, 1896; took Post Grad. course at Yale Univ.; teacher in New
Haven, Conn., High School, 2 yrs. She m. Aug. 6, 1906, Arthur H.
Clark, a grad. of Yale Univ. Ch. Arthur H.,6 b. Nov. 25, 1907.

8 Walter Archibald,* (John,3 Archibald, 2 John, i) b. Feb. 19, 1839; went to

111... 1862; crossed the Plains in a wagon; in Idaho 2 yrs.; in Oregon
and Washington 2 yrs.; res. in California. Twice m. He d. at Clairs
Creek, Butte Co., Cal., Dec. 17, 1911.

Children ;
i. Anna B. ,5 b. Feb. 7, 1872.
ii. Clara M. ,5 b. Aug. 15, 1873.
iii. Mary H., 5 b. March 1, 1875.
iv. Emma T.,^b. July 19, 1876.
V. Walter"R.,5 b. May 7, 1878.
vi. FrankH.,5b. Aug. 27, 1881.
vii. Leo H. ,5 b. April 27. 1883.

All m. except Walter R. (June, 1908).

9 Sarah Take,* (John, s Archibald, 2 John.i) b. June 15, 1844; m. as 2d w.,

March 1, 1866, Henry T. Swan of Newbury. He bought in 1867. the

"Dea. Moody Powers farm," in N., where he d. Oct. 10, 1883. (Mr.

S. was b. in Haverhill and bur. there.) Mrs. Swan and her son rem.

on that farm till 1896 when they sold it and bought of Frank W.

George a large farm on the Upper Meadow in N. where they live.
Children all born in Newbury.
i. Charlotte I. ,5 [Swan] b. Jan. 4, 1867; m. Feb. 23, 1898, Geo. N. Dimick

of Wells River; plumber; res. Woodsville, N. H.
ii. Isaac H.,5 [Swan] b. April 8. 1870; farmer on Upper Meadow, Newbury,
iii. Mary J. ,5 [Swan] b. Nov. 7, 1873. d. May 8, 1889.
iv. Lillian C, 5 [Swan] b. Aug. 22. 1876 ; m. Jan. 5, 1898, Wm. W. Reid of

Newburv; res. Barre, Vt. Ch. (1) Katherine C.,6 b. Aug. 30, 1899.

(2) Eloise M.,6 b. Aug. 14, 1902.

10 Robert H.,* (John, a Archibald, 2 John,i) b. July 2, 1865; m. April 15, 1893.

Lena Willis.
Children :
i. Leforest L.,5 b. Sept. 19 ; d. Oct. 7, 1894.
ii. MonaM.,5b. Dec. 2, 1895.
iii. Bernard E.,5 b. March 15. 1897.

GENEALOGY — PARK. 4-97

iv. Roland D.,5 b. April 30, 1899.
V. HoUis L.,5 b, Aug. 20, 1900.

vi. Wynona J.,5 b. Dec. 19, 1901; d. Feb. 27, 1902.
vii. Reginald \V..5 b. iMay 28, 1903.
viii. Wynford J..5 b. July 6, 190i; d. Dec. 12, 1906.

11 GEORgE N.,-!- (James R., 3 Archibald, 2 John, 1) b. Nov. 24., 1839 ; ed, Mclndoes

Falls Acad.; went to Boston at 22, and was a truckman for Park,
Symes & Co., till 1889 ; ret. to the old Park homestead, 1881. He
was a fine musician, and taught music several years. Had quite a
knowledge of medicine, and practised as a veterinary. Mason of the
Order of St. Omer, St. Matthew and St. Paul. He m. Boston, May
17,1877, Agnes, dau. Walter Buchanan of Ryegate. He d. Jan, 11,
1890, and she carried on the farm successfully till 1892, when she sold
it to Henry Park and retired to her birthplace which she purchased of
her brother James.
Children ;
i. James Walter, ^ b, Boston, 1879 ; d. at 1 mo. 7 d's.

ii. Gertrude Agnes, s b. So. R., April 10, 1881 ; m. June 22, 1904, Frank Rob-
ert Meserve of Newburv. Ch. (1) Robert George,^ b. June 24, 1907.
(2) Cecile Agnes, b. April 14, 1909.

iii. Jeanie Bell,^ b. So. R., Feb. 8, 1887 ; d. Oct. 11, 1893.

12 Archibald,* (James R.,3 Archibald. 2 John, i) b. Nov. 30, 1841 ; worked some

years in Boston; m. Nov. 27, 1873, Maria, dau. James McLure. One
ch., James Frank, b. Ryegate, Oct. 26, 1874; d. Oct. 20. 1884. He m.
2d. Jan. 14, 1885, Martha, dau. John McLure. She d. June 30, 1897.

13 Henry James,* (Alexander H.,3 James,2 John.i) b. Jan. 2, 1859; ed. Peacham

Acad., taught school; in Boston in publishing bus. nearly 10 yrs.;
farmer in Ryegate eight or nine yrs., also school director six yrs., hold-
ing other offices; in publishing bus., Boston, again two yrs.; since,
farmer at Passumpsic, also school director and Supt. of schools. He
m. Aug. 21, 1884, in Ryegate, by Rev. John Bole, Mary G., dau. James
Esden of Barnet.
Children :
i. James Walter,^ b, 1885; d. in infancy.

ii. Margaret Marion, ^ b. Boston, June 14, 1887. Now in Smith Coll.

iii. Nelson Renfrew,^ b. Boston, Nov. 24, 1800.

iv. Raymond, 5 b. Ryegate, Oct. 19 ; d. Oct. 21, 1894.

V. Harold Alexander, 5 b. Ryegate, Nov. 2, 1896.

14 Nelson Andrew,* (A. H.,3 James, 2. John,i) b. Jan. 16, 1861 ; ed. Peacham

Acad,; taught seven or eight winters; elected SujDt. of Schools, 1887,
serving 16 or 17 years; town auditor several yrs., town treasurer,
1907 till date; clerk and treasurer Caledonia Park Corporation some
ten yrs., and closed up its affairs when it dissolved in 1906 ; farmer on
homestead. He m. Feb. 7, 1907, Jane Craigie, b. Leeds, Prov. of
Quebec. She began teaching at 15, taught three yrs., entered McGill
Univ., and grad. there; taught in Canada, 10 yrs. at So. Ryegate,
three in Mass. Members of 1st. Pres. ch.
Children :
i. Nelson Paul,5 b. April 27, 1909.

PATTERSON.

James,! b_ Annandale, Scotland, 1818; came to Ryegate, 1846; m. 1st, April
24, 1848, Mary Jane, dau. James, 2 (James.i) Whitehill (b. Feb. 18,
1819; d. March 14, 1879.) 2d, Jan. 30, 1880, Lurie Ann, dau.
Allen and Sally Barret Keyser, b. Woodbury, Vt.; June 9, 1847. She
was adopted by her grandfather Benjamin Barret and always went
by the name of Barret. Res. in Ryegate, but rem. 1886 to Cabot,
Vt., where he d. Aug. 1,1893. She res. Concord, N. H. James Pat-
terson and 1st w. are bur. in Walter Harvey cemetery.

498 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children b3^ 2d marriage.

i. Mary Ann,2 b. Ryegate, March 14, 1881; m. 1901, Arthur Mann, em-
ployed in the Navy Yard Boston. Res. Bristol, N. H. Ch. all b. Na-
tick, Mass. (1) James A. A. Mann, 3 b. Dec. 9, 1902. (2) George A.
A ,3 b. Dec. 26,1903. (3) Walter M.,3 b. March 9, 1905. (4) Frank
W. H.,3 b. March 10, 1906.

ii. Grace Lurie,2 b. Ryegate, Nov. 3, 1883 ; m Dec. 26, 1900, George A.
Duke of Plainfield ; carpenter. No ch. She is now matron of the
Prison for Women, Sherburne, Mass.

PERRY.

Dr. Eli,i b. Wardsboro, Vt., 1790, Educated in Buffalo, N, Y.; came to R.
ab. 1820, and taught school having 100 pupils. He studied medicine
and began practice at the Corner about 1825, and continued with fair
success til! near his death, being the first settled physician in this town.
Those who remember him speak highly of him, both as a man and a
physician. Member of the Covenanter church at the Corner and later
one of the charter members of the Ref. Pres. ch. at So. Ryegate. He
was precentor over 40 years, at first lining out the psalm line by
line, later two lines at a time. Finally psalm books came into use
and the ancient practice was discontinued. Dr. Perry built and occu-
pied the house which is no^v the home of Chas. L. Adams. He m. 1st,
Oct. 30, 1825, Azubah, dau. of Hezekiah Weatherbee of Grafton, Vt.,
gr. dau. of Col. Enoch Hale of Hinsdale. N. H. She d. Nov. 1837.
He m. 2d, March 9, 1841, Margaret, dau. James Hall (b. Dec. 2, 1805 ;
d. Feb. 13, 1885.) He d. Aug. 1865.

Children, by 1st marriage :
i. Benj. Franklin, 2 b. July 25. 1827; m. Amelia Pratt; both dead. Ch.

(1) Llewellyn and Estella, who are in the west,
ii. Mary, 2 b. Sept. 28, 1829 ; m. L. Glynn. One dau., who m. B. B. Lane,

with whom her mother resides,
iii. Rhoda,2 b. June 29, 1831 ; m. Volence Orr 1848 ; d. 1849.
iv. Appleton,2 b. Feb. 6, 1836.

By 2d marriage.
V. Helen L,,2 b. 1844;d, May 10, 1912; m. George Crowe, q. v.
vi. Azubah, 2 d. y.
vii. Martha, 2 d. aged 8 mos.

viii. Charlotte Ann, 2 b. 1848; m. E. N. Spencer of Concord, N. H.
Appleton,2 (Dr. Eli,i) b. Feb. 6, 1836; m. 1st, Feb. 1870, Jane, dau. Dea.
John Smith, wid. of N. K. Laughlin. He d. E. Montpelier, July 13,
1909. She d. Nov. 21, 1889. 2d, 1899, Jane Orr. M ems. Ref. Pres,
ch.
Children :
1. Marv Anna.s b. June 29, 1871. Res. Barnet.

ii. William John,3 b. Oct. 20, 1872; mechanic at Fairbanks Scale Works, St.
Johnsbury. He m. Nov. 17, 1897, Louise Donahoe. Ch. (1) Flor-
ence Irene,4. b. Sept. 1, 1898. (2) Margaret E..^^ b. April 26, 1906.
iii. Ralph Gibson, 3 b. June 15, 1876. Studied medicine one year in Medical
Dept., U. V. M., Burlington; three years course at Baltimore, (Md.)
Med. Coll., grad. 1901. In practice at Jarvisville, W. Va., 10 yrs.,
now in practice at Wells River, Vt. He m. at Washington, D. C, Jan.
4, 1901, Minnie Asenath, dau. Horace Homer and Almira S. Hollister
of Plainfield, Vt., b. June 24, 1876. She grad. Mary Fletcher Hos-
pital Training School for Nurses at Burlington, Vt., 1899. Ch. (1)
Maidae Campbell,* b. July 14, 1902. (2) Mona Jane,* b. Nov. 22, d.
Nov. 25, 1903. (3) Ralph Gibson,* b. Jan. 30, 1911.

GENEALOGY— PETERS. 499

PETERS.

(For a more complete account of the Peters family in England and America
see McKeen's History of Bradford, Vt., pp. 126-140.)

Samuel,! son of Andrew B., and Lydia (Bliss) Peters, b. Bradford, April 16,
1797; m. at Lyman, N. H.. March 1, 1821, Margaret, dau. Kobert,2
(William,.!) Nelson (b. at L., now Monroe, June 4, 1802.) They came
to Ryegate in May, 1825. He kept tavern at the Corner, also owned
and operated a tannery, which he sold in 1843 to John Gibson and
Harry Moore, and rem. to Haverhill, engaging in similar bus. for
many years, but d. in Benton, Jan. 20, 1875. She d. at Littleton, Jan.
29, 1883. Samnel Peters was a very active man, quite eccentric,
many of whose sayings were long current in the town.
Children : (This record is by Mr. Miller.)
i. Ann EHza,2 b. Monroe, April 15, 1822; m. Nov. 2, 1848, Myron Bailey
(b. Hardwick, Vt.. April 27, 1824.) Farmer at Monteno, 111.; rem.
1880 to Littleton, N. H., where both d. No ch.

ii. George R.,2 b. Feb. 29 ; d. March 2, 1824.

iii. William, 2 (twin to above) d. same day.

iv. Lydia. 2 b. June 30, 1825 ; m. Andrew Warden, q. v.

V. Nancy N., 2 b. Ryegate, May 19, 1827; d. at Haverhill, N. H., Dec. 5,
1848

vi. Henry N.,2 b. Ryegate, July 18, 1829; m. at Bath, N. H., Jan 4, 1854,
Charlotte E., dau. Joseph Davis (b. Bath, March 4, 1836.) They rem.
to Manteno, 111., 1856, and he enlisted in Sept. 1861, in the 4th 111.
Cavalry, and saw much service. He d. in Texas, 1893. Ch. (1) Fred
H.,3 b. Bath, N. H., Oct. 6, 1854. (2) Charles G.,3 Manteno, 111., May
31, 1861. (3) Frank M.,3 b. Nov. 10, 1866.

vii. Milo K., 2 b. Ryegate, March 20, 1832; went to 111., 1847; farmer and
merchant. He m. at Manteno, Oct. 22, 1856, Ellen F. Richardson (b.
Columbus, O., Oct. 24, 1838.) Ch. (1 ) Minnie C.,3. b. July 28. 1857 ;
d. March 4, 1858. (2) Nellie M.,3 b. May 31, 1860. (3) Maggie J., 3
b. Sept. 22, 1862. (4) George,3 b. Feb. 13, 1866. (5) Mary, 3 b. Aug.
23, 1869. (6) William,3, b. May 3, 1874.
riii. Margaret Flora, 2 b. Ryegate, July 2, 1834; m, at Lowell, Mass., March
10, 1858, James B. Truworthy, boot and shoe dealer at Lowell, Mass.
6 ch., all d. in 1890 but one.

ix. Helen Mar,2 b. Ryegate, Jan. 5, 1837; m. Feb. 7, 1866, Paul H. Seager
of Manteno, 111., (b. April 6, 1830.) Farmer. No ch.

X. Ruby Chastena,2 b. Ryegate, Jan. 22, 1840; m. Oct. 12, 1875, Rev.
Frank W. Smith, a Methodist minister of the N. H, conference.

xi. Jared,2 b. Aug. 15, 1848; d. Feb. 27. 1849.

POLLOCK.

Rev. William Allen, 6th son of William Wiley and Annie Murphy Pollock,
b. Philadelphia, Pa., June 6, 1881. (His father was b. in Glasgow,
Scot., his mother in Co. Antrim, Ireland, both of Covenanter stock.
The original name of the family was Polk, Pres. James K. Polk being
1st cousin of the g. father of Wm. A. ) Ed. public schools of Philadel-
phia; grad. Cedarville Coll., Cedarville. 0.. 1904; two yrs. in Theo.
Sem. of the Ref. Pres, ch. (Gen. Synod.) In the Theo. Sem. of the
United Pres. ch. at Allegheny, Pa,, Oct. 1906, till graduation. May,
1907.; rec, call from the Ref. Pres. ch.. So. Ryegate, Jan. 1907 and
began his service in July following. He m. Oct. 16, 1907, Mary
E. Sterret of Cedarville, O., ^vho ^vas educated in the public schools
and college at Cedarville. Ch. (1) Anna Mary, b. So. Ryegate, Aug.
14, 1908, (2) Esther, b. Omaha, Neb., June 16, 1911.

Mr. Pollock res. his charge Aug. 21, 1910. Released by the Vt,
Presbytery, Sept. 20, preached his farewell sermon Sept, 25, and is
now a home missionary in Nebraska.

500 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

POWERS,

John W.,i b. Bath, N. H., July 21, 1804; m. Jan. 6, 1831, Betsey E. Holman
(b. R\'egate, Nov. 1, 1812 ; d. Nov. 25, 1902.) He d. Aug. 8, 1886.
Children of whom the following are living:
i. William J. ,2 b. May 10, 1831; lives in California. Not married,
ii. Harvey S..2 b. Bath, Jan. 7, 1838; served in Co. A. 9th Vt., in the Civil
war; farmer in Ryegate. He m. at Barnet, June 22, 1878, by Rev. N.
R. Nichols, Francena M., dau. Joel Carbee (b. R. April 19, 1848; d.
June 28, 1908.)
Children, besides three who are dead :
i. Frank H.,3 b. April 7, 1879 : m. July 28, 1903. Winifred E. Gilchrist,
ii. Alice J. .3 b. June 5, 1883; m. Nov.'ll, 1901, Clayton H. Libbey of Lyn-
donville, Vt. Ch. (1) Francena K.,4'b. March 17, 1903. (2) Kermit
Stuart,* b. Julv 5, 1904. (3) Clarice Adine.* b. July 10, 1906. (4)
Clayton 1.,4-b. July 16, 1910. (5) Harvey Powers,* b. July 12, 1911.

PRINGLE.

Rev. William Moncrief Pringle, the son of a noted Scotch clergyman, b.
Perth, Scotland, 1791 ; grad. at Glasgow as a physician and surgeon
in 1820 ; commissioned a surgeon in the British navy and made a voy-
age to Canada in that capacity. On his return to Scotland he en-
tered a theological seminary, was licensed to preach in 1826; came
again to America, and preached in Troy, N. Y,, at the same time liv-
ing as a tutor, in the family of Maj. General Wool. Came to Ryegate,

1829, and was installed pastor of the Associate Pres. ch. June 29,

1830. His ministry was for some years very successful, but in con-
sequence of the troubles more particularly related in the chapter
upon the Associate ch., his congregation was divided, the major part
leaving it, and forming a church of their own. He resigned his charge
in 1852, and d. Dec. 16, 1858, at the house of Elder Wm. Henderson,
where he was staying a short time ; bur. at Barnet Center. He m. 61
couples between Sept. 1830 and Sept. 1840. Pie m. Margaret, dau.

of Rev. Alexander Bullions, D.D., gr. dau. of Rev. David Goodwillie of
Barnet (b. Cambridge, N. Y. ; d. June, 1846.) .
Children all b. in Ryegate :
i. Mary Bullions,2 b. 1830; grad. Cambridge (N. Y.) Acad. 1854; teacher
many years, four yrs. in Brownsburg, Va., High School. She d. Nov.
20, 1907.

1 ii. Alexander B.,2 b. May 15, 1833.

iii. William, 2 b. Nov. 1835 ; attended Cambridge Acad. Cast his vote for

Fremont 1856, but d. Feb. 1857 after three days illness,
iv. Jennie M.,2 b. Dec. 25, 1838; ed. Cambridge, N. Y., Acad.; teacher in the
south many years with her sister Mary. She m. 1863, David J. Whip-
ple, high sheriff of Rockbridge Co., Va., during the Civil war, after-
wards farmer; has been dead some yrs. Ch. Mary, 3 Floy, 3 (Mrs.
Bratton) lean, 3 David, 3 and William, 3 of Brownsburg and Charles
of Jewell, Ky.

1 Alexander Bullions,2 (Rev. Wm.,i) b. Ryegate, May 15, 1833; ed. Cam-
bridge, N. Y., Acad.; farmer; elected constable and collector, 1856,
'57; dcp. sheriff for Caledonia Co., 1857. His farm in R. is now
owned by Page Bros. Enlisted Aug. 8, 1862 in Co. A, 11th Vt.
Vols; transferred to 1st Heavy Artillery ; made gunner at Fort Totten,
Washington, 1863; ordered June 4, 1864, to report to the Gen. Hos-
pital, Brattleboro ; ap. July, post master; Nov. 1864, commissary,
till must, out May 21, 1865. Mem. Asso. Pres. ch , chosen elder; S. S.
Supt. 6 yrs.; rem. to St. Johnsbury Centre ; gardener; deacon in Cong,
ch. He m. Sept. 3, 1857, Julia A,, dau. Dea. Andrew Laughlin b.
Aug. 29, 1834.

GENEALOGY — PRINGLE. 501

Children all born Ryegate.
i. Margaiet Luey,* b. Aug. 9, 1858 ; d. June 1860.

ii. William Alexander. 3 b. Sept. 11, I860; printer; res. Niagara Falls; lore-
man in the Carter-Crum Manf. Co., and elder in the Prcs. ch. Hem.
in Bristol, Conn., Oct. 14, 1885, Hattie Amelia Wright. No chil.
iii. Henry Nelson.a b. Oct. 21, 1864; grad. Dartmouth Coll., 1890; Andover
Theo. Sem. 1893 ; pastor of Churches at Anoka, Minn., and Eastport,
Me.; sec. since July 1, 1901 of the Christian Civic League of Maine.
He m. Nov. 21, 1894, Emma Jane Prescott. Mr. Pringle has been
very active in temperance work and the enforcement of the prohibi-
tory law in the state of Maine. Res. Waterville, Me.
Children :

1. Alexander Monecrief,^ b. March 25, 1896.

2. Margaret,^, b. Sept. 26, 1898 ; d. March 5. 1908.

3. William Prescott,^ b. Oct. 10, 1900.

4. Edwin Edward,* b. May 10, 1 903.

5. Helen,4.b. Dec. 8, 1905.

iv. Florence Eleanor,3 b. June 25,1866; m. Sept. 20, 1894, Rev. Charles
Frederick, s. of Joseph W. and Frances E. [Weld] Robinson (b. Mere-
dith, N. H., July 7, 1866. Fitted for college at New Hampton Ins.;
grad. Dartmouth 1890, A. M. 1904; grad. Andover Theo. Sem. 1893;
took advanced work there 1900-'01,^with degree of S. T. B. Ord.
pastor Cong. ch. Meriden, N. H., June 6,1893; dis. Sept. 3, 1900.
During his pastorate a fine stone church was erected. Pastor Clinton,
Conn., Oct. 20, 1901-Oct. 5, 1906; Milford, N. H., Oct. 5. 1906-April
1, 1911; Central Cong. ch.. Derry, N, H., April 15, 1911 to date;
inst. Feb. 1, 1912. Instructor in Hebrew Dartmouth Coll., 1893-'96 ;
in English, 1904. Member of several missionary and college societies.
Ch. (1) Hugh Laughhn,*- b. March 23, 1897. (2) Robin,^. b. May 11,
1903.

V. James Nelson, 3. b. Dec. 2, 1874; grad. Dartmouth Coll., 1897; prin. High
School, Hillsboro Bridge, N. H., 1897-99, also Sharon, Mass., 1899-
1909; Supt. of schools, Portsmouth. N. H., 1907 to date. He m. Nov.
30. 1899, Flora Perkins. Ch. (1 ) Nelson Giles,* b. Oct. 2, 1902.

QUINT.*

Benjamin,! came from Portsmouth, N. H.. in 1792, on horseback, and settled
in Orford, N. H., clearing up 25 acres of land in the east part of the
town afterward called Quint town in his honor. He served in the
American navy in the Revolutionary war, serving under John Paul
Jones on board the Bon Homme Richard in the action of that ship
with the Serapis in 1779. He d. in Orford at an advanced age. He
had two sons, Benjamin and Josiah. Descendants of the former still
live in Orford, where both sons were born.

Josiah, 2 (Benjamin,!) b. Orford, N. H., 1789; came to R. in 1814 and m.
Janet, dau. Alexander Miller (b. Dec. 23, 1702 ; d, 1848.) They lived
in Bath. N. H., at E. Ryegate and other places, but settled finally on
what was then called "Miller's Mills," and later, the "Quint place,"
on the river road below So. Ryegate, \vhere he carried on the business
of grinding oat meal and hulling barley, the only mill of the kind in
all this section. He also had a saw mill there, and did custom sawing.
Josiah Quint owned, before 1 830, the farm near Boltonville in New-
bury, where his son Josiah long lived, which he sold to Ellis Colburn
in 1843, and which was sold by the latter's heirs to Leander Quint in
1863. The farm was settled by Wm. Randall whose house stood fur-
ther up the hill than the present one, which was built by Josiah Quint,

Prepared by Mrs. N. Robinson.

502 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Senior. Josiah Quint and his wife were Covenanters, and he was a
deacon in the church many years. He d. 1853. A complete record of
their descendants was accidentally destroyed some years ago, and
dates of birth and marriage cannot be given in all cases.

Children :

1 i. Robert,3 b. July 20, 1815.

ii. Miller,3 d. un-m.

iii. Eliza, 3 lived with her parents, and d. un-m. These two were buried at
Ryegate Corner.

2 iv. Leander.3

V. Susan, 3 b. Oct. 15, 1825 ; d. Dec. 11, 1905 ; m. John Park, q. v.

3 vi. Josiah,3 b. June 5, 1837.

1 Robert, 3 (Josiah, 2 Benjamin,^) b. E. Ryegate, July 20, 1815; m. by Rev.

Mr. Pringle Jan. 18, 184-1; Sa,rah, dau. John Dawin (b. Ryegate, Jan.

20, 1816; d. Dec. 31, 1898). He d. June 22, 1881.
Children :
i. Helen,* b. April 28, 1842 ; d. March 2, 1849.
ii. Janet Sarah,* b. Dec. 28, 1844; d. June 15, 1870.
iii. Robert J.,* b. 1850; d. un-m. Jan. 14, 1905.
iv. Josiah,* b. 1854; m. Florence Black of Duluth, Minn. He d. June 19,

1891. One son, Joseph, who res. near Duluth, The widow of Josiah

Quiut m. 2d, a Mr. Boliu of Duluth. This entire family are bur. at So.

Ryegate.

2 Leander,3 (Josiah,2 Benjamin, i) b. Bath, N. H., Aug. 1825 ; edu. at com.

schools and Mewbury Seminary ; taught school and studied law^ with
Hon. Abel Underwood at Wells River. He also assisted the U. S. Mar-
shall, Col. Jacob Kent, in his attendance upon circuit and district
courts, and was one of the party who arrested the counterfeiters in
the Bristol Bill affair at Groton in 1849. He was also deputy sheriff
at the time Michael Kellev was murdered at Ingalls hill in Newbury,
Sept. 22, 1847. Ad, to the bar of Orange Co., June, 1849, and went
to California in Sept. of that year, engaging as a miner ; opened a
law^ office at Sonora, Tuolumne Co.; elected judge of that Co., 1853,
holding the office two yrs.; Dist. Attorney several yrs., state senator
1862, '63; rem. 1863 to Esmeralda Co., Nev., and became partner
w^ith Judge James H. Hardy, with whom he was in practice till June,
1865. in Virginia City, when they rem. to San Francisco, and were in
practice till Judge Hardy's death in June, 1874. He Avas counsel for
Laura D. Fair for the shooting of Hon. A. P. Crittenden, a very noted
case, in which he won a great reputation as a criminal lawyer. With
him in that case was associated Judge Ed\vin Rogers of Sonora, a na-
tive of Newbury. After the death of Mr. Hardy, Judge Quint was in
partnership with Henry Edgerton, a noted orator. In politics a dem-
ocrat. He d. suddenly April, 1890, leaving a wife and four chil. three
of whom are living in Cal.
Josiah, (Josiah, Benjamin, i) b. E. Ryegate, June 5, 1827; in Cal. Feb. 1851-
'57; ret. to R. and bought the John Hall farm 1858, which he sold
1864, to Hugh G. Miller, and moved to the farm on Quint hill, New-
bury, which had formerly been owned by his father, and now by his
daughter. He was a naan of extensive information and much natural
ability as a writer and speaker. Helm; 1st, at Bradford, Dec. 6. 1860,
Adaline, dau. Thos. and Lucy [Smith] Hancock of Bath, who d. Nov.
17, 1870. 2d, Julia A. Morgan of Boston, now dec. He d. April 18,
« 1903; bur. Boltonville.
Children all by 1st marriage :
i. Thomas, 3 b. Ryegate, Jan. 13, 1862 ; farmer at Edmonton, Alberta, Can.

He m. Lizzie White of Ontario, Cal. 3 chil.
ii. Lucy Janet,3 b. Ryegate, Sept. 27, 1863; m. as 2d w. June 25, 1902,

GENEALOGY — QUINT. 503

Richard Ludlow, a native of Dublin, Ireland ; farmer on the Quint
homestead in Newbury. Ch. (1) Helen,* [Ludlow] b. April 2, 1903.
(2) Kathleen Quint [Ludlow] b. Jan. 14, 1909.

iii. Leander J.,^ b. Newbury, Feb. 11, 1866 ; ed. com. schools and Peacham
Acad. Went to Cal. 1884; postmaster at Sherman some yrs.; mayor
of Rodondo Beach, and president of the board of trustees at Los
Angeles and prominent in municipal affairs; m. April 28, 1898, Laura
Bilderain of Los Angeles. He was highly esteemed. Two chil. Lean-
der J. Quint d. Nov. 14, 1909.

iv. Martha Adaline,3 b. Newbury, Jan. 2, 1867; m. Oct. 12, 1904, Martin
Costello of Danville, Que.; re. Calgary. Can. Ch. (1) John,* and
Allen,* (twins) b. Montreal, 1905. (3) Mary Edith,* b. Calgary,
1907. (4) Marion,* and Margaret.* (twins) b. Calgary, 1809 ; the
latter d. in the same year.

REEDE.

Rev. Hugh W.,! b. Westmoreland Co., Penn., July 26, 1855; grad. Geneva
Coll., May 28, 1878; attended Ref. Pres. Sem. at Allegheny, Pa.;
licensed April 13. 1881 ; and ord. by the N. Y. Presbytery and inducted
pastor of the Ref. Pres. ch. at Ryegate, Jan. 19, 1883 ; Supt. of schools
1884. '85; res. Sept. 21, 1886 to become Principal of Knox Acad.,
Selma, Ala., till Dec. 1887; pastor Ref Pres, ch's., Youngstown, O.,
April, 1886-Dec. 1901; Teeswater.Ont., Jnly, 1891-June. 1898; Alma
St. Pres. ch., St. Thomas, Ont„ Aug. 1899-Aug. 1909; Pittsburgh
(Ont.) Pres, ch., Aug, 1909, to date. He m. 1st, March 29, 1881, I.
Emma Robison of Dresden, O., (b. Sept. 12, 1858 ; d. March 30, 1886.)
Grad. Geneva Coll., May 19, 1880; Pres. of So. Ryegate W. C. T.
U., 1884, '85. 2d, Nov. 23, 1886, Alice B. dau. Robert T. Miller, b.
Ryegate, April 12, 1864. Ed. Montebello Ladies Ins., Newbury,
Peacham and St. J. Acads.; teacher in Newbury, Groton and Ryegate;
Pres. of Teeswater W. C. T. U., 1893-99; ; Bruce Co., do. 1895-98 j
Elgin Co.. do. 1899-1906, St. Thomas, do. 1904-1909. She d. May
30, 1912; bur. So. Ryegate.
Children both born at Youngstown, O.
i. Emma Alice. ^ b. Aug. 2, 1888; grad. Alma Coll., St. Thomas; music
teacher and mezzo soprano soloist.

ii. Robert Hugh, b. May 18,1890; matriculated from St. Thomas Coll.
Ins. in Queen's University, June 1908. In real estate bus. Saskatoon,
Sask. He m. Aug. 5, 1912, Gertrude Church of S.

REID.

David. His birthplace is not given, but he came from Scotland with his wife,
reaching Ryegate, Oct. 7, 1774, in company with John Waddell, Wil-
liam Neilson and family, and Thomas McKeith. His name does not
appear in the list of signers to the Bond of Association, but as he took
up land as one of the Company he may have been a son of "William
Reid, residenter in Atherstone," who was a member of it. His farm
on Connecticut river is now owned by A. A. Miller. He was the first
man to volunteer in the Rev. war from Ryegate taking the place ot
Andrew Brock who was drafted, but for some reason could not go,
and served in Capt. Frye Bayley's Co.. which marched to Saratoga.
He was certainly a church member and as his name does not appear
among town officers and as he was a signer to the call for Rev. Wm.
Gibson, he was probably a Covenanter. " His wife became violently
insane and several times attempted his life, so that he obtained a di-
vorce from her, and afterward married the widow Kincaid from Hav-
erhill, who had a large family of small children whom David brought

504 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

up with as much care and pains as if they had been his own, so that
they all became good and useful men and women." — Mason.] David
Reid certainly deserves to be remembered, lie d. Feb. 16, 1821, aged
81 ; bur. at Ryegate Corner. In person he was under five It. in height,
very thickset and of immense physical strength.

REID.

Marion, dau. of George Ronalds, b. Ryegate, March 18, 1803 ; m. Nov. 28,
1826, Robert Charlton Reid,i (b. May 31, 1795 near Lexington, Ky.
His parents were of Scotch ancestors who settled in the n. of Ireland ;
his father was b. in Derry and his mother in Countv Antrim. They
settled in Xenia township, Ohio, where he bought a tract of "Virginia
Military Land," which is still in the family. Elder in Ref. Pres. ch.
He d. Oct. 17, 1865.) She d. June 9, 1895 in her 93d year. She was
brought up parti}' in the family of Gen. James Whitelaw, and often
had charge of his office when he w^as away from home. Mrs. Reid
re-visited Ryegate several times, and retained to the last a deep inter-
est in the place and its people.
Children :
i. Gavin McMillan, 2 b. April 8, 1828; d. Oct. 25, 1862, his wife having d.
8 mos. earlier. Ch. (1) Caroline Hinman,^ who d. June 27, 1876, in
her 22d year. (2) Ella, ^ who had been abroad much w^ith her uncle,
and was m. Sept. 27, 1892 to Judge Ralph C. Harrison, then on the
bench of the Supreme Court of the State of California. Both are still
living in San Francisco.

1 ii. *Whitelaw,2 b. Oct. 27, 1837.

2 iii. Chestina,2 b. June 12, 1842.

1 Whitelaw, 2 (Robert C.,i) b. Cedarville, 0., Oct. 27, 1837. Grad. Miami
Univ., Oxford, O., 1856; correspondent in the Civil War; served on
the military staff of Gen. Thomas A. Morris in the 1st W. Va. cam-
paign, and subsequently on the staff of Gen. Rosecrans ; in 1862 be-
came clerk of the Military Committee of the House of Representatives
and was subsequently its librarian until 1866; in 1868 became con-
nected with the New York Tribune, first as chief editorial writer under
Mr. Greeley, then as managing editor, and from 1872 to 1895 chief
proprietor; ap. Minister to Germany, 1877 and 1881 but declined
both times; Minister to France, 1889— '92 ; Republican nominee for
Vice President, 1892; Ambassador to England since 1893. Special
Ambassador to Queen Victoria's Jubilee, 1897; Peace Commissioner
to Paris, at close of Spanish War, 1898. Special Ambassador to the
Coronation of King Edward, 1902. Res. Dorchester House, Park
Lane, London. Has written ''After the War, a Southern Tour,"
1867; "Ohio in the War," 1868; "Problems of Expansion," 1900 ;
"The Scot in America and the Ulster Scot," 1912, and has made many
public addresses. Elected to the Board of Regents, University of the
State of New York, 1878, succeeding Gov. John A. Dix; elected Vice-
Chancellor 1902, and Chancellor, 1904. L.L.D. Miami Univ., 1890;
Princeton, 1899; Yale, 1901; Cambridge, 1902; St. Andrews, 1905.
He m. April 26, 1881, EHzabeth, dau. D. O. Mills, of N. Y. City
Children :
i. Ogden Mills, 3 b. May 16, 1882 ; now managing editor of New York
Tribune.

*NoTE. As to the statement which is often made that the full name of Hon. Whitelaw
Reid is James Whitelaw Reid, he writes to the editor tinder date of May 23, 191 2, " I
■was baptized simply Whitelaw Reid, and the baptismal name generallj' holds among
Scotch Presbyterians. While I was still an infant my mother concluded that she would
like to have the full name of General Whitelaw used and it w^as therefore used until after
my graduation, but dropped when becoming of age."

MRS. MARION RONALDS REID.

HON. WHITELAW REIU.
AMBASSADOR AT COURT OF ST. JAMKS.

xr Yt^T^K

,jNOATION3.

GENEALOGY — REID. 505

ii. Jean Templeton,3 b. July 13,1884; m. Hon. John H. Ward of London
and Chilton Lodge, England.

Chestina,2 (Robert C..*) b, Cedarville, O., June 12, 1842; m. March 26,
1867, George W. Smith, Manufacturer and Banker, Hanover, N. H.;
d. White River Junction, Vt., Oct, 12, 1876.
Children ,
i. Robert E.,3 [Smith] b, Hanover, Nov. 13, 1869; res. White River Junc-
tion. He m. Jan. 2, 1890. Winnie F. Barnes (b. Lyme. N. H., March
2, 1868. Ch. (1) George W.,* [Smith] b. Dec. 20, 1892. (2) Edwin
E..* [Smith] b. Jan. 20, 1894. (3) Dorothv B.,* [Smith] b. July 7,
1895. (4) Robert W.,* [Smith] b. Oct. 14, 1898.

RENFREW.

A letter dated at Blackstown Mains, Paisley, Scotland, Aug. 20, 1912, from
John Renfrew of that place to O. A. Renfrew of Newbury, gives some
interesting particulars of this family : The Renfrews of this vicinity
are a branch of a family of the name who from time immemorial have
been blacksmiths at Camesthorn, which is about three miles s. e. of
Paisley. There is a tradition in the family that they have been there
since the 11th century, and that when Paisley Abbey was being bnilt
in the latter part of the 12th century, the mason's tools ^vere brought
to Camesthorn to be sharpened by the Renfrews. In addition to the
smithy they had a small farm and held a public house license. The
business of cartwright and blacksmith is still carried on there bv Colin
Renfrew. James Renfrew, ancestor of all of that name in this vicin-
ity, had a brother William, b. 1760. Their father came to the farm of
Blackstown Mains, which is about three miles n. w. of Paisley, about
1776. The fa-rm-is still carried on by grandsons of William Renfrew,
another gr. san:being manager of the farms of the Coats family, the
celebrated thr^^ripakers of Paisley. A son of William, Alexander by
name (b. 1830) is -living at the, date of this letter. The mother of
James Esden of Barnet and the wife of Geo. Smith of Ryegate , were
daus. of William Renfrew.

The name no doubt came from the town of Renfrew Place. Names
of towns adopted for family names are quite common, such as Ster-
ling, Dunbar, Houston. A small geography of the shire of Renfrew
says: "As the tide rushes up the river Clyde it meets a projecting
neek of land at the confluence of the river's Cart and Clyde. This
promoutory cleaves the flowing tide into two streams, one continues
its course up the Clyde, the other pursues its w-ay up the Cart. Such
a neck of land is called a "rin" or "ren," and "frew," signifies a flow
of the tide. The name of the town of Renfrew hence means " The
tidal peninsular."

James,! b. Paisley, Scotland, 1758 ; weaver by trade ; came to Am. and Rye-
gate in 1804, having left Great Britain it is said, to escape conscrip-
tion into the army during the wars of Napoleon. He bought of Wil-
liam Armour a farm of 60 acres of tillage and pasture in Groton, and
of John Orr 20 acres of wood land in Rvegate. The buildings were in
Groton. He m. Jan. 1788, Alargaret' Smith, (b. Paisley, 1761; d.
Groton, Sept. 3, 1856.) James Renfrew was a member of an inde-
pendent church in Scotland, but never joined any ch. in America.
His wife became a member of the Associate ch. in 1804. He d. Oct.
8, 1819 ; bur. in Groton cem. The Renfrews of Groton, Ryegate and
Newbury were a sterling family, men able and willing at any time
to give good and sound reasons for whatever faith, political or reli-
gious which was held by them. John, Robert and James Renfrew were
prominent in Newbury.
Children all born in Scotland.

506 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

i James, 2 b. Feb, 1784; m. Jean, dau. James Nelson (b. Rvegate, Feb. 3,
1790; d. Newbury, April 2, 1880.) He d. Sept. 30, 1870. (For fam-
ily see Hist, of Newbury.)
ii John.2 b. Feb, 14, 1788; m. 1st, 1810, Anna Bailey of Peacham. 2d.
Jane [Caldwell] dau. Wm. Craig. They lived in R. till 1811, in Gro-
ton 9 yrs., then moved to Newbury. (For family see Hist, of N.)
Rev. N. R. Johnston in " Looking Back from the Sunset Land," pays a
fine tribute to John Renfrew. 6 ch. of whom Rev. Archibald (4) was
was b. in R.
iii. Margaret, 2 b. 1790 ; m. Archibald Park. q. v.

1 iv. \Yilliam,2 b. April 2, 1792.

2 V. Andrew, 2 b. 1794.

vi. Robert, 2 b. 1800; lived in Newbury; m. Lois Roberts of Groton. (See
Hist, of N.)

3 vii, Matthew,2 b. 1802.

1 William, 2. (James,!) b. Paisley, April 2, 1792. Came to Am. with parents

m. Jean, dau. James Esden (b. June 21, 1792 ; d. Jan. 21,

1878) and settled on her father's farm, where Frank McCoU now lives.
He d. Sept. 18, 1880.
Children all born in Ryegate.

5 i. James,3 b. Nov. 21, 1817.

ii. Elizabeth, 3 b. Dec. 23, 1821; m. Andrew Whitcher. 4ch., of whom one,

Chas. Whitcher,* of Hardwick is living,
iii. William, 3 b. Nov. 22, 1823 ; m. 1st, Nancy Craig. 2d, Mary Willey. Ch.
Clarence and Edwin.

6 iv. Matthew,3 b. Sept. 7, 1825.

V. Tanet,3 b. Sept. 8, 1828; d. May 23, 1907. m. Albert Hall, q. v.
vi. Nelson, 3 b. March 14, 1832; m. Helen Bruce. One dau. Helen C, (Mrs.

Brown.)
vii. Lois, 3 b. Aug. 17, 1835 ; d. Feb. 23, 1902 ; m. John McColl, q. v.

2 Andrew, 2' (James, i) b. 1794 ; farmer on homestead. He m. by Rev. James Mil-

iigan, July 15, 1824, Elizabeth, dau. James Nelson (b. Sept. 19, 1797 :
d. Aug. 21. 1861.) He d. June 2, 1843; bur. in Groton cem. Mem-
bers of United Pres. ch.
Children :
i. James, 3 b. Groton, Feb. 13. 1827. ni. Amanda Clark of G.; lived in Bos-
ton, where he d. Aug. 23,1886; bur. in Groton. One son, Charles,
who m. Ethel Russell of Boston. Three chil.

7 ii. Archibald Park. 3 b. April 6, 181'9.

iii. Margaret, 3 b. Nov. 10. 1831 ; m. A. H. Park, q. v.

8 iv. Alexander,3b. June 24, 1836.

3 Matthew, 2 (James, i) b. Paisley, Scotland, Dec. 30, 1802; Came to America

with parents; farmer, where his son Jefferson long Hved, and built
that house. He m. June 24, 1830. Sally Roberts (b. Groton, May 25,
1808; d. March 14, 1876.) He d. Aug, 20, 1865. Members of the
Baptist ch. Groton.
Children ,

i. Stephen Roberts.s b. Feb. 12, 1833: m. March 16, 1858, Meroe H., dau.
Ara Welch of Groton. Rem. to Craftsbury; town representative,
1884. He d. June 4, 1887. Ch. (1) Flora A.,* b. Dec. 30, 1858 ; m.
Jan. 20,1886, Warren Seaver of Craftsbury ; d. July 5, 1899. (2)
Clara A.,* b. 1862; m. March 10, 1886 T. M. Gallagher of

Craftsbury; town rep. 1896. She d. Feb. 1908. Ch. (1) Stephen Ren-
frew.^. [Gallagher]. (2) Dora Mae.s [Gallagher],

ii. Jefferson, 3 b. April 28, 1836 ; farmer on homestead ; Never m.; town rep-
resentative 1880 ; deacon in the Baptist church at Groton. A short
time before his death he gave the church a deed of a house which he
owned, which had been used for several years as a parsonage. He
contributed to the press and composed religious poems and verses for
special occasions. A constant reader and close student, his informa-
tion was very extensive. He d. June 24, 1908.

WILLIAM RENFREW.

jEAN ESDEN RENFREW.

JAMES RENFREW.

GENEALOGY— RENFREW. 507

Archibald, 3 (John,^ James, i) b. Ryegate, Jan. 27, 1812; attended Bradford
and Peacham Acad's and studied with Rev. James Milligan. He m.
1835, Asenath, dau. David Corliss of Topsham. Became a Baptist,
and ord. an evangelist in Topsham, where he was a farmer; in trade
at So. Ryegate awhile then bought the Bruce farm in R. a short dis-
tance below Mclndoes Falls. Supt. of schools ab. 1860; farming and
preaching; rem to 111., and later to Indiana ; re-visited R. June — Oct.,
1888 and d. at Remington, Ind., Dec. 20, 1888, soon after returning
home. Was survived by his wife, two chil. and several gr. chil. He
was an able and talented man of great usefulness.

James, 3 (William, 2 James, i) b. Nov. 21, 1817; farmer, where his son now
lives. He m. Feb. 1, 1844, Eliza, dau. Reuben Whitcher (b. April 2,
1816; d. Dec. 1. 1904.) They joined the Ref Pres. ch. at So. Rye-
•gate, June 21, 1851; chosen elder, Oct. 27, 1876. He d. April 10,
1895. He was accounted a valuable counsellor and a reliable officer
in the church.
Children :
i. Martin Sutherland,* b. July 1, 1845 : d. April 22, 1850.

ii. Clarence Newel,* b. Oct. 26, 1851 ; d. Sept. 5, 1872.

iii. Oscar Harlev,* b. Nov. 8.1854; m. April, 4, 1877, Martha Agnes, dau.
Robert and Isabel B. Nelson. Ch. (1 ) Isabel Eliza,^ b. June 20, 1878 ;
d. June 30, 1880. (2) Clarence Raymond, s b. Oct. 15, 1881 ; d. Oct,
30, 1881. (3) Ibbie Jean, 5 b. Oct. 1, 1886; m. Alvah Swett. (4)
James Robert,^ b. March 30, 1889.

Matthew, 3 (Wm.,2 James, i) b, Ryegate. Sept. 3, 1825; m. Jan. 6, 1853,
Meroa, dau. Sabin Clark of Groton. They lived in Ryegate, but rem.
to Groton ab. 1868, where she d. Oct. 18, 1880, aged 47. He d.
1878.
Children ;
i. Carlyle,* b. Ryegate, April 20, 1854; went to CaHfornia, 1877; ret.
1878; when his father d. In Cal. and Arizona, silver mining till
1882; ret. to Groton and m. Aug. 1, 1882, Susie, dau. Edward
Keenan. Rem. to E. Montpelier, 1902; in hardware and grocery
bus. at Plainfield, 2 yrs.. in trade at E. Calais, where he d, 1906. His
wid. res. in Plainfield. Ch. Susie, ^ who m. Earl Bartlett of P. Ch.
Marv and Carl. Res. East Montpelier.

ii. Luella Jane,* b. Ryegate, Aug. 29, 1855; m. July 3, 1878, Joseph E.
Vance of Topsham ; lived in Groton ; d, March 1, 1898. No ch.

iii. Ida Mav,* b. May 4,1863; m. Yeaton D.Nelson, q. v.; d. March 16,
1892'.

iv. Ulysses Grant,* b, Ryegate, May 22, 1865 ; went west; d. in Cal. 1911.
V. Austin Converse,* b. Groton, March 25, 1867; lived with his uncle John
McCoU; went to Cal. in gold mining; ret. to G. 1905 and m. Marga-
ret, dau. Alexander Renfre\v ; In lumber bus. in Corinth ; res. Brad-
ford. Ch, (1) Roland Boynton,^ d. in inf (2) Elizabeth Meroe.s
(3 ) Wilbert Alexander.^

vi. Emma Maria,* b. Groton, Nov. 4, 1868; lived with her uncle and aunt
in Boston ; m. there 1894, Geo, B. Hildreth. No ch.

vii. Wilbert,* b. Groton, July 16, 1870 ; lived with his gr. mother in Corinth,
and at Wm. Cassiday's, who adopted him 1891. Bought out Wm.
C.'s estate, 1896; rem. to So. Ryegate 1908. He m. 1906, Marion,
dau. Edward Rhodes, No ch. Rem. to W. Brattleboro in 1910. In
feed bus.

viii. John Clark,* b. Groton, April 15, 1872 ; lived with his gr. mother in Cor-
inth. At work in summer resorts 1894-'01 ; in partnership with A. M,
Heath of Groton 1 yr. In 1903 went west, mining in Idaho and Cali-
fornia in company with his bro. Wilbert. Ret. 1906; in parnership
in feed bus. with his bro. Austin; m. Sept. 21, 1910, Clara Hatch,

ix. Lillian Belle,* b. Groton, Aug. 26, 1875; lived with Jefferson Hall; m,
July 8, 1898, Harry Brown. No ch.
Two other chil. d. in inf.

508 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

7 Archibald Park,* (Andrew, 2 James, I-) b. April 6, 1829; merchant in Gro-

ton; Rem. to Peacham, 1889, when he d. May 11, 1894-. He m. 1st.

Ann, dau. Ara Welch (b. Jan. 14, 1837; d. April 21, 1862). 2d, Oct,

6, 1864., Eliza J. Welch, sister of 1st wife (b. March 13, 1843; d.

Peacham, July 9, 1910.) Members of Baptist ch. in Groton and are

buried there.
Children :
i. Andrew Franklin, ■i' b. Oct. 27, 1860; res. Manchester, N. H.; bookkeeper.

He m. June 7, 1897, Emma Gertrude Larkin of Nova Scotia (b. 1861 ;

d. Dec. 24, 1898.) Ch. Alice Gertrudes b. Dec, 6, 1898.
By 2d m. all born in Groton.
ii, Anna E.,'*' b. July 1, 1865; res. Peacham; town clerk of P. 11 yrs., and

postmistress since 1897.
iii. Leonard W.,* b. Sept. 25, 1867; in mercantile bus. in New York City.

He m. Dec. 31, 1891, Alice M. Tarbett of Stoneham, Mass. Ch.

Franldin Ward,^ b. Nov. 23, 1892.
iv. Crissia Blanche* b. Dec. 25, 1877; teacher.
V. Harlan A.,* b. March 8, 1880 ; res' Peacham, where he is town clerk and

treasurer.

8 Alexander, 3 (Andrew,^ James, i) b. June 24. 1836; farmer, and elder in 1st

Pres, ch. He m. March 17. 1864, Jane Elizabeth, dau. James Shaw,
b. Barnet, April 21, 1840.
Children :
i. Lewis,* b, Dec. 18, 1864.

ii. Lizzie Jane,* b. Aug. 20, 1866 ; d. May 5, 1891.
iii. James Burton,* b. Oct. 20. .1868 ; m. Gertrude B. Farrar. Ch. Erma

E valine. 5
iv. Walter Abbott,* b. July 7, 1871 ; m. Blanche, dau. C. M. Wallace. Ch.

(1) Wallace A. 5 (2) Walter B.s
V. Edwin Brock,* b. Oct. 28, 1873; m. Mabel J., dau. Wm. N. Gibson,
vi. Roscoe Alexander,* b. Dec. 8, 1876. _____^

vii. Margaret BeU,* b. Nov. 17, ISTS^jB-J^^tts+r^r^^glge^frew, q.
viii. Eugene Ernest,* b. Sept. 1,K^^^'£'W

.^m.

Edward. 1 Rhodes m. Betsey, dati Jonathan Batdw^ih of Topsham (b. Oct. 11,
1799; d. Oct. 8, 1872.) tle4. ab. 1867. ■.'_,_

George, 2 son of Edward, 1 (b. Groton, 1819; ih.'By Rev. S. R. Thrall, June
11, 1845. Helen H., dau. Wells Goodwin (b. R. Oct. 19, 1821 ; d. New-
bury Dec. 30, 1891.) He d. Oct. 17, 1882, a few hours after his son,
Edward G. Farmer and shoemaker. Members of United Pres. ch.
Children all born in Ryegate.
i. Martha.3 b. Dec. 26, 1846 ; d, Sept. 2, 1872 ; m. Robert G. Brock, q. v.
ii. Emily Annette, 3 b. May 2, 1848; m. David Brock, q. v.

iii, Edward George, ^ b. April 5, 1851 ; lived at Ryegate Corner. He m.

1873, Agnes, dau. James Esden of Barnet (b. Jan. 1, 1845; d. Oct.
10. 1897.) He d. Oct. 17, 1882. Ch. (1) Hattie M.,*m. Wilbert
Renfrew, q. v. (2) Jennie M.,* m. James C. Gibson, q. v.

iv. Frank Wells, 3 b. Aug. 19, 1855. In Cal. 24 yrs; m. Mary Y. Campbell.

Ch. Gilbert Frank,* b. Dec. 25, 1897.
v. John Jason, 3 b. Oct. 18, 1857; pattern maker for E. and T. Fairbanks
and Co., 28 years; res. St. Johnsbury. He m. Aug. 12, 1884, Emma
J., dau. Jackson P. Miller. Members of No. Cong. ch. He d. Jan. 7,
1911. Ch. Delia Caroline,* b. Oct. 19, 1886; bookkeeper in tele-
phone office; m. Mar. 26, 1912, Harry W. Chamberhn of Montpelier.

vi. Carrie Bell,3 b. Dec. 5, 1859; m. 1st, Robert Wilson of St. J. (deceased.)
Ch. Mabel H.,* b. Sept. 28, 1890. 2nd. Dr W. L. Paine.

vii. Hattie Owen, 5 b. Jan. 4, 1863; d. Oct. 21, 1869.

GENEALOGY — RICKER. 509

RICKER.

Maturix and George Ricker came from England ab. 1670, and were both
killed by the Indians, June 4, 1706. Joseph, son of Maturin, m. Eliza-
beth Garland of Berwick, Me. Joshua, their son, b. at Berwick, April
9, 1737, O. S.; m. June 28, 1756, Betsey Drew, They came to New-
bury before 1765, and were members of the Cong, ch.; rem. to Bath,
N. H., where she d. Nov. 12, 1811, and he d. March 5, 1818. They
are bur, in the Carbee cemetery. Twelve chil. of whom Mary, b.
1772, m. 1st, Martin Chamberlin of Bath and 2d, Ezekiel Manchester
of Ryegate, q. v.

Joseph, 1 son of Joshua, b. Bath, Feb. 13, 1765 ; lived in Newbury on a farm
still called the "Ricker place," about two miles w^. from Wells River;
buildings all gone. He m. 1st, in Newbury by Rev. Nathaniel Lambert,
Polly, dau. Sylvanus Heath (b. Newburv. Dec. 25, 1769 ; killed by a
team in Bath, Jan. 21, 1821.) They had'lS chil., all b. in N. He m.
2d, in Peacham and after some yrs., rem. to Groton, where he d. Jan.
21, 1851. Nineteen chil. in all. (See History of Newbury.)

Orson, 2 (Joseph, i) the 9th ch. in the family; b. Newbury, Nov. 18, 1806; m.
Dec. 6, 1829, by Rev. James Milligan, Lydia. dau. William Taisey,*
who came from Scotland. They lived in Groton on the tarm now^
owned by their son Charles A. The present house was built by Orson
Ricker to replace the former house, which was burned, and all the chil.
except the eldest, were b. in the present house. He lived to be 82 and
his wife 91. Their chil. were all physically strong, energetic and pros-
perous. He d. 1887.
Children :
i. Mary E.,3 b. Nov. 1, 1830; m. 1st, William, s. of Capt. David Vance.
2d, George Melville. In the late 50's they moved to, and settled in
Money Creek Valley, Minn,
ii. William, 3 b. April 17, 1832; m. Lodena Taisey; res. Woodsville, N. H.

iii. Everett D.,3 b. Sept. 23, 1833; enlisted in Co. D, 3d Vt., in autumn of
1861, and d. of typhoid fever in the spring of 1862.

iv. Frank. 3 b. May 17, 1835; m. Marcia Dascomb of Indianapolis. On a
voyage from San Francisco to New York the ship was wrecked off
Cape Hatteras. She with the captain's wife and others taking a
small boat for the shore, and when near it the boat overturned and
she was killed, her neck being broken, the only one lost from the boat.
He m. a 2d w. who survived him, and res. at Woodsville, N. H.
V. Alfred, 3 b. Aug. 28, 1837 ; d. 1842.

vi. Isaac M.,, b. April 10, 1839 ; served in Co. H, 12th Vt,, in the Civil war.
He m. Mary J. Taisey, sister of the wife of his bro. William who sur-
vived him. He d. Groton, 1911.

vii. Ira,3 b. Feb. 2, 1841 ; d. 1842.

viii. Rose M.,3b. Nov. 10, 1842; m. Oscar Beckwith who d. at West Fairlee,
1866.

ix. Benjamin Ricker,3 b. Oct. 28, 1844; d. April, 1912; m. Helen Plummer,

who survives him and res. in Groton.
X. Nathan H..3 b. Oct. 10, 1846.

xi. Ella F., b. Dec. 6, 1848 ; m. Moses Whitehill ; res. Groton.

zii. Harvey, 3 b. April 12, 1851 ; m. 1st, Katie, dau. Reuben Bruce of Barnet.

2d, a lady from Minneapolis, where they reside,
xiii. Charles A. ,3 farmer on the homestead in Groton. He m. Charlotte Vance.

Nathan H..3 (Orson, 2 Joseph, i) b. Oct 10, 1846; rem, to Ryegate; rented
the William Gray farm 3 yrs. then bought the original William Nelson
farm, then somewhat run down, cutting from 40 acres only 35 loads

* Note. The original spelliag of this name was Tassie, and is so spelled by William
Taisey several times among the Whitelaw papers. He lived in Ryegate for some years.
Gen. Whitelaw spelled the name Tassey.

510 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

of rather poor quality. This farm he improved and in the last year
of his residence on it cut 116 loads of 1st quality besides a fine growth
of 2d cutting, measuring in all 130 tons. He made a specialty of
dairy farming, using Jersey cows, making butter at the farm, and by
repeated experiments greatly increased the amount of butter pro-
duced from each cow. This farm he sold in 1908, removing to Wells
River. Town treasurer 6 yrs. before removal from town. He m. 1st.
Mar 20, 1875, Carrie, dau. Wm. Henderson (b. Nov. 11, 1848; d.
Nov. 3, 1880.) 2d, Feb. 14, 1884, Margaret, dau. David Lumsden,
who d. July 24, 1906. 3d, Dec. 30, 1909, Miss Nellie J. RoUins, who
had been a school teacher at New Britain, Conn., for 23 yrs.
Children, all born in Ryegate.
By 1st marriage.
2 i. William Gray,* b. May 23, 1876.

ii, A daughter,* b. May 30, 1878 ; lived 27 days.

By 2d marriage,
iii. LiUias Carrie,* b. April 8, 1885 ; grad. St. Johnsbury Acad. 1903 ; Girl's
Latin School. Baltimore, Md., March, 1904; entered Smith Coll., but
ret. in 1906 to care for her mother ; now teaching.
2 William Gr.yy,* (N. H ,3 Orson, 2 Joseph, i) b. May 23, 1 876 ; grad. St; Johns-
bury Acad., 1896 ; Yale Univ., 1900, taking honors in a class of 400 ;
grad. from the medical department of the Johns Hopkins Univ., Balti-
more, Md., 1904, and from the Montreal General Hospital, 1905 ;
during two summer vacations he did autopsies and laboratory work
at the Montreal hospital, so having nearly two years there; in prac-
tice at Wehs River, Aug. 1, 1905-Oct. 1, 1911. when he located at St.
Johnsbury, as a specialist. He m, Dec. 21, 1905, Mary S., dau. Rev.
James M. Beattie of Ryegate.
Children all born at Wells River,
i. Margaret H.,* b. Dec. 19, 1906.
ii. Nathan H.,* b. April 28, 1 908.
iii. Elizabeth,* b. Oct. 16, 1900.

RITCHIE.

In the cemetery at Ryegate Corner is a granite tombstone of large size lying
flat upon the ground, covered by the following inscription :

Here L,ies the
body of John Ritchie
late of this
Town be depart-
ed this life January
I80O aged 75 yeais
he was born in the
Parish of Roseneath
Scotland of respect-
able parents lived
in this place 16 years
and always maintain-
ed a good character.
" Memeto mori."

He was born in the parish of Roseneath, Scotland, 1724; blacksmith at Ers-
kine, where he m. ab. 1735, Isabel, dau. James Neilson (see Neilson
families of Erskine, in this vol.) Member of the Scotch Co., and one
of the 1st managers. Came to Ryegate when 60 yrs. old their church
certificate being dated at Erskine, May 2, 1784, and bought the land
which after his death became the larm of Rev. Wm. Gibson, In the

GENEALOGY— RITCHIE. 511

grand list of 1796 he was the owner of 210 acres and quite an amount
of personal property. He d. Jan. 1800, and she lived in the family of
Capt. John Gray till her death. (See Cochran Family.)
Archibald,! b. Roseneath, Dunbartonshire, Aug. 7, 1797. His father moved
to Kilmalcolm about 1811 and the son m. 1st, Elizabeth, dau. Arch-
ibald Leitch (b. Alay 15, 1801.) Farmer leasing from a landlord, or
purchasing from a tenant a "tack" of 19 yrs. Being a Covenanter
he refused to take part in an election to Parliament ; near the close of
his lease his landlord, who \vas a candidate for the House of Com-
mons and needed every vote his tenants had, came to him. He used
to tell the story of his eviction in this wise. " Duchal cam' to see me ; I
was i' the byre. He telt me ' wud I vot' for 'm ? ' I telt 'm ' I wudna.'
vot'.' He telt me, ' Leave my lan's,' and that was the best turn Duchal
e'er did me." It \vas that circumstance which induced him to come to
America. His wife was very much opposed to coming, although her
parents and brothers and sisters were already here. She often said,
" I shall never see America," and the presentment proved true, for shed.
May 26, 1844, and was buried at sea. He bought in 1844, the Capt.
John Miller farm at South Ryegate, which is partly in Newbury. He
m. 2d, Oct. 17, 1849, Agnes.'dau. James Lumsden"(b. Sept. 16, 1807;
d. Jan. 4, 1894.) He d. Mar. 23, 1886 ; bur. at So. Ryegate. The
mother of Archibald Ritchie was Mary Hall. She had a nephew, Don-
ald Hall, who m. a dau. of Robert Vance of Barnet, and lived in New-
bury, 1857-'80; they rein, to Barnet, and are dead, also their son
Henry and his wife, who are all bur. at Barnet Centre. Mr. Ritchie
was a member of the Covenanter ch. ab. 70 yrs., and never missed a
communion till the fall before he died. From 1844 to July, 1862, he
went to church half the time at the Walter Harvey meeting house in
Barnet and half the time at Ryegate Corner, as the services alternated
between the places and from July 1862 to Oct. 1885, to Ryegate alone.
Mr. Miller estimates that he went to Barnet 600 times (16 miles the
round trip) 9600 miles, and to the Corner 1250 times (614 miles the
round trip) 8125 miles, making in all about 18,000 miles of church
travel, much of the time on foot, to hear what was to him sound doc-
trine. Elected elder. Jan. 15, 1854.
Children all born Kilmalcolm, Scotland.

1 i. Duncan, 2 b. April 17, 1825.

2 ii. William, 2 b. Nov. 17, 1826.

iii. Mary, 2 b. March 15, 1829 ; d. in Scotland. 1842.
iv. Margaret. 2 b. Oct. 29, 1830; m. Duncan Stewart, q. v.
V. Elizabeth, 2 b, Sept. 1, 1832 ; m. John Johnston, q, v.
vi. Jane,2 b. Aug. 7, 1834 ; m. William Bone, q. v.

1 DuNCAN,2 (Archibald,!) b. April 17, 1826 ; m. April 1. 1852, Ann, dau. Andrew

Wvlie ; settled on the John Randall farm in Newburv ; Covenanter
and Session Clerk. He d. suddenly, June 20, 1900. She d. Sept. 8.
1911.
Children :
i. Elizabeth Ann, 3 b. Sept. 27, 1852 ; d. Oct. 8, 1867.
ii. Andrew Fremont,3 b. Mav 13, 1856 ; d. N. Y. City, Julv 24, 1883 ; bur.

So. R.
iii. Archibald, 3 b. Mav 8, 1859 ; d. Oct. 5, 1869.
iv. Lilly Cole,3 b. Dec' 15, 1861 ; d. Oct. 3.n869.

2 WiLUAM,2 (Archibald,!) b, Nov. 17, 1826; m. 1863, Lucena,dau. Hiram and

Hannah (Bovlngton) Moore, who d. Jan. 26, 1873. He d. Topsham,
Feb. 22, 1902 ; bur. in Holland, Yt.
Children all born iu Derby, Yt.
i. Jane Belle, 3 b. April 3, 1863 ; m. George L. Hall of Topsham, q. v.
ii. John Brown, 3 b. Dec. 25. 1864.
iii. Lizzie Mav, 3 b. Julv 25, 1866 ; d, in inf.
iv. Mary Erama.s b. J'an. 11, 1868; d. ininf.

512 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

V. Hiram William, 3 b. Feb. 3, 1869 ; enlisted in Co. E., 9th U. S. Inf., in the
Spanish-American war and was sent to the Philipines and later to
China. After their return to the island of Samar two companies were
surprised by the natives, and massacred while asleep, only 12 escaping
alive, Oct 16, 1601, Bur. in Cypress Hill, Nat. Cem., Brookly, N. Y.
Grave No. 6205.

vi. Edith Hannah.3 b. March 13, 1871.

iv. Joseph Bates, 3 b. Jan. 1873; lived with his uncle Duncan since infancy,
and still remains on the farm now owned by Tait M. Ritchie.

RITCHIE.

James.i b. Mauchlin, Scotland, March, 1811; m. Mary Young (b. April,
1818.) Two weeks after marriage they lett for America, were five
weeks on the voyage to New York, came by boat to Burlington,
walked to Greensboro, arriving in May, 1841. Res. on same farm
till death. Their son, Andrew C. ,2 b. Greensboro, July 21, 1850 ; ed.
Morrisville and Peacham Acad's; teacher at W. Barnet; in lumber
bus. there three yrs,; merchant there, taking after some years, A. D.
Warden, as partner. Supt. of Schools and school director. Director
in Citizen's Savings Bank and Trust Co., St. Johnsbury. He m. Mar.
19, 1874, Sarah J., dau. Harvey Warden (b, W. Barnet, Nov. 6,1851 ;
ed. Peacham Acad.; teacher.)
Children all born West Barnet.
i. Emma Gibson, ^ b. Jan. 23, 1875; ed. St. Johnsbury Acad.; grad. Welles-
ley Coll., 1897; m. Seldon C. Smith of Cabot, a graduate of Dart-
mouth Coll., member of the firm of Ginn & Co., of Boston, publishers
of school books, having charge of their work west of the Rocky
Mountains; res. Berkeley, Cal. Ch. (1) Margaret Wyman,* [Smith]
b. June 3, 1900. (2) Ritchie C.,'* [Smith] b. Aug. 31, 1904. (3) Shir-
ley R..-1 [Smith] b. Sept. 16, 1908.
ii. James John, 3 b. Feb. 12, 1884; fitted for college at St. J. Acad.; grad.
Dartmouth Coll., 1906; in business with his father at W. Barnet.

iii. Margaret Edith, 3 b. July 11, 1890 ; ed. St. Johnsbury Acad.; m. Jan. 15,
1912. Warren L. Estabrooks of St. J.

ROBEN.

In the parish of New Kilpatrick, Renfrewshire, Scotland, upon the entailed
estate of Gascowin, about the year 1425, a farmer by name of Roben
took a lease of one of the farms on the estate called the "Three Part
Farm," together with a mill for making oat meal, which was called
the "Three Part Mill." The lease of the farm and mill was inherited
by the oldest son of the Robens. About 1740 the lease le!l to Walter
Roben, who at that time occupied a farm in the parish of Calder by
the name of Robraston. He with his oldest son, Matthew, moved
upon Three Part Farm, where Walter died in 1774, aged 65 years.
Walter Roben m. Isabel Gardner, a very proud and intelligent woman
whose mother's maiden name -was Katharine Buchanan. She was a
sister to the father of Hugh Gardner, who settled in Ryegate. He d.
Dec. 21. 1774, and she Aug. 28, 1769, and were buried m New Kilpat-
rick burying ground.
Children not in regular order.
I. Matthew, of whom later.

II. William, m. Margaret Park.

III. Walter, m. Stewart.

IV. Margaret, m. George Brice.

V. Katherine, m. Walter McClay.

VI. Jean, m. Robert Harvey.

VII. Isabel, m. Walter Lindsay.

YIII. Elizabeth, m. John Mclntire.

GENEALOGY — ROBEX. 513

The five daughters of Walter Roben Hved and died near Glasgow, but descend-
ants of most of them are found in most of the United States.

William, the 2d son of Matthew Roben of Scotland, m. Margaret Park and
settled in Renfrew. Their sons were ;
i. Matihew, who w^ent into business in Glasgow where he became very
wealthy and left a son and a dau. He w^as provo'^t of Glasgow in
1858.

ii. William, came to America and settled on Long Island and reared a large
family. On a visit to Scotland, he was drowned on the Clyde together
with two sons of his bro, Robert.

iii. Peter, never m. In business in Glasgow^, and became wealthy.

iv. George, came to Wisconsin with wife and 5 chil. about 1850. His wife
and three chil. d. and he ret. to Glasgow ; m. again in 1858, and d.
1888 very rich.
V. Robert, came to Ryegate ^vhile young, but v^'ent into the liquor business
in New York City, and 15 yrs. later sold and returned to Glasgow and
was extensively engaged in business and became immensely wealthy.
He retired about 1860, built a fine residence at Port Glasgow^ and d.
1875, leaving a wife and several chil.

vi. Walter, v^'^ent to Australia about 1855, but ret. to Glasgow and d. there.

vii. Walter, son of Walter of Scotland, came to New York about 1805,
and remained there leaving a son who was very promising but became
insane, and a dau. Mary who d. un-m.

Matthew,! son of Walter of Scotland, fell heir to the lease and took pos-
session, but gave up the lease in a short time owing to some trouble
between him and his landlord, the Earl of Goscawin, a man of quar-
relsome and pugilistic temperament. He provoked Roben to a per-
sonal encounter, but the latter, being a large and powerful man, was
much more than his match. The lease had been held for nineteen
terms of nineteen yrs. each. He leased a farm in the parish of Yocker,
called the Yocker Mains, which he held till 1801, His wife d. June
29, 1793. and was bur. in New Kilpatrick bur. ground. Her name
was Jean Harvey, and she was nearly related to Col. Alexander Har-
vey who settled in Barnet. Soon after her death he lost most of his
property through having become surety for his brother William and
decided to come to America and settle upon his claim in Ryegate,
both his father and himself having been members of the Scots Ameri-
can Co. On March 6, 1 800, he received fiom David Allan, president of
the Co., an order which entitled him to three lots of land in Ryegate.
With his children he embarked on the ship Phoenix April 7th, and an-
chored at quarantine in New Y'ork harbor. May 21st, 1801. With
them came James Wallace and family, and Robert Fulton who settled
in Newbury, the Allans, Andrew' Buchanan and Jean Arbuckle who
settled in Ryegate. They came to Ryegate June 29, 1801. The-land
which was deeded to him had been devastated by a tornado in 1800.
This farm was later owned by his son Walter and now by several
owners. They were not used to the laborious work of a pioneer, and
it was very hard for them, but he never carried out his desire to return
to Scotland. He d. April 7, 1809; bur. at Ryegate Corner. In his
youth he became intimately acquainted with Robert Burns through
his visits to the Masonic Lodge in Glasgow of which Matthew Roben
was a member. The 3d generation (grandchildren) of Matthew and
Jean Roben numbered 135 persons, of whom 92 were b. in Ryegate,
and 63 in Newbury, Barnet. New I'ork City, Ohio, Illinois, Iowa and
Nebraska.
Children all born in Scotland,
i. Jean, 2 b. May 19, 1785; d. Jan. 18, 1862; m. Andrew Buchanan, q. v.
ii. Walter.2b. Jan. 1, 1787.

iii. Isabel. 2 b. July 17, 1788; d. at 3 yrs. of age.
V. John 2 b. Oct. 1, 1790.
Y. Isabel,2 b. Feb. 3, 1793 ; m. William Gray, q. v.

514 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

2 Walter, 2 (Matthew. i) b. Scotland, Yocker, 1787; came to America with his

father; lived and d. on homestead ; m. Jan. 8. 1811 by Kev. Wm. Gib-
son, Mary (called Polly) dau. James Thomas b. Rye, N. H.. 1792. In
1817, in company with John Craig and Jonathan Darling he started on
foot to visit and explore what was called the " French Grant in Ohio,"
traveling to Pittsburg, Penn., thence down the Ohio to the Sciota
and across the state to Cleveland which then contained about 30
houses. He returned through the Mohawk Valley to Troy, Sara-
toga, Whitehall and Rutland. He walked from Rutland to his home
in Ryegate between sunrise and sunset of the same day about Aug. 25.
It is believed that he traveled on foot between 1600 and 1800 miles,
through a country then only sparsely settled, but now one of the rich-
est and most densely populated sections of the Union. He kept a
diary, an interesting fragment of which is now owned by Douglas G.
Roben. Constable and collector of taxes, 1821-29. being a resolute
and efficient officer. In 1838 he met with a severe accident while with
many others felling timber for Daniel McDonald. Dr. McNab decided
that it was necessary to amputate his leg to save his life, but Roben
refused to have it taken off declarmg that he was .going into his coffin
all in one piece. And he did so 39 years later. Five weeks after his
accident his friends made a sort of litter on which they carried him to
his home, a distance of nine miles, the bearers relieving each other at
intervals. He d. Aug. 13, 1867 and his excellent wife Jan. 20, 1877.
Bur. at Ryegate Corner. In his religious views a Deist.
Children :
i. Jean Harvey ,3 b. Oct, 16, 1812 ; m. John Park, q. v.

4 ii. Matthew,3 b. Sept. 1. 1814.

iii. Margaret, 3 b; Oct. 17. 1816 ; m. Archibald Park, q. v.

5 iv. Walter,3 b. Sept. 26, 1818.

V. Pollv,3 b. June 10, 1821 , never m. Res. in Barre, Vt.

vi. James. 3 b.' Mav 31. 1823; d. Aug. 10, 1891.

vii. John. 3 b. Dec. 27, 1824; d. April 7, 1864; never m.

6 viii. Moses, 3 b April 30, 1827.

7 ix. Douglas Gray, 3 b. March 7, 1833.

3 John, 2 (Matthew, 1) b Scotland. Oct. 1, 1790 ; went to New York City and

engaged in business, helped by his uncle Walter, and was very success-
ful, but being induced to invest his money in a stage route through the
citv, lost nearlv all he had. He m. Margaret and d. in New

York, 1853 and his wife Sept. 10, 1860. Both buried in Greenwood
cemetery.

Children :

Margaret, 3 John, 3 George, 3 Matthew, 3 and Walter.3 Margaret m. Mr.
Kipp; 4 daus., 1 son. George became a lawyer, and went with his
brother Matthew in 1849 to San Francisco. No further record. John
and Walter lived and died in New York.

4 Matthew ,3 (Walter.s Matthew, i) b. Ryegate. Sept. 1, 1814; student at

Newbury Seminary its opening term, the fall of 1834. Went to Ohio,
1835. with Donald, son of Judge Cameron. Teachine, farming, and
in trade at West Point. O.; County Recorder of Morrow Co.; County
examiner of schools 10 vrs.; ret. to Ryegate on account of ill health,
1865; in trade at Big" Rapids, Mich., 1867 till retired, 1881. En-
campment mem. I. O. O. F., and a Royal Arch Mason. He m. 1840,
Esther Allbaugh (b. Northumberland Co., Pa., 1819: d. Big Rapids,
Jan. 14, 1901.) He d. at Big Rapids, April 1, 1894.
Children :

i. Araminta.4' who d. Mt. Gilead, O., 1854.

ii. IsabeL-i who m. Oct. 24. 1882. Washington Miller, contractor and
builder, a veteran of the civil war. Res. Big Rapids, Mich. Ch.
Esther, 5 b. Feb. 24, 1885; grad. Reed City High School, and of the
Kindergarten Teacher's Dept. of Ferris Ins. She m. Sept. 18, 1907,
Warner McSween, pharmacist; res. Big Rapids.

WALTER ROBEN.

MATTHEW ROBEN.

WALTER ROBEN, JR.

DOUGLAS ROBEN.

GENEALOGY — ROBEN. 515

iii. Matthew,* who d. Mt. Gilead, O., 1855.

iv. Douglas,* b. May 4. 1S4-7, Morrow Co., Ohio. App. Sept. 1862, a cadet
in the U. S. Naval Acad. In June, 1863, he was sent with other
cadets to the coast of Europe in the U. S. S. Macedonia to join in the
pursuit of the Alabama, and intercept rebel cruisers, in which they
were engaged till Oct. 1st. Grad. with honors from the Naval Acad.,
Annapolis, June 12, 1866, with a particularly good record in mathe-
matics. While serving on the U. S. S. Ossipee he took part Oct. 1867
in the ceremonies at Sitka by which Alaska was transferred from Rus-
sia to the United States, and his name appears as a witness on the
protocal of treaty delivered to the Russian commissioners. Served in
the navy many j^ears and promoted to the grade of ensign, master and
lieutenant. His service was performed on the North and South Pa-
cific, the Mediterranean and the Atlantic. Placed on the retired list
and located at Big Rapids, Mich., and prominent in real estate busi-
ness and is also an attorney at law. In 1898, at the outbreak of the
Spanish war, he offered his services and was made executive officer of
the U. S. R. S. Richmond, at League Island, holding that position till
the end of the war. Promoted on the retired list to the rank of Lieu-
tenant-commander. Res. Big Rapids. Member of Pres. ch. and of
the Church Session for 20 yrs. He m. Dec. 26, 1876, Stella, dau.
Judge Wm. P. Bennett of Cassopolis, Mich., (b. Nov. 30, 1859.) They
are prominent in the social, educational and religious life of Big
Rapids.
Children :

1. Donald B.,5 b. July 19, 1878; grad. Big Rapids H. S., and the Engineer-

ing Dept. of the Univ. of Mich. Civil engineer at Tacoma, Wash. He
m. Oct. 1900, Gertrude Cook of Big Rapids. Ch. (a) Howard R. 6
b. Feb. 7. 1904.

2. Pansy, 5 b. May 14, 1882 ; d. March 26, 1883.

3. Blanche,^ 1). Oct. 3, 1884. College course at Alma. Mich., and Wells

College Aurora, N. Y. Was m. Oct. 3. 1906 to Geo. L. Stone, paying
teller of Citizens State Bank, Big Rapids. Ch. (a) Helen, ^ b. Nov.
11, 1907.

4. Douglas B..5 b. Sept. 20, 1891 ; app. by Senator Burrows to the U. S.

Naval Acad., passed ex. and entered the Acad, as inidshipman. May

10, 1910.
V. Celeste.* Artist; res. Grand Rapids, Mich.
vi. Anna.* Artist; res. Big Rapids, Mich,
vii. Marv.* m. Sept. 2,1878, Allan W. Bennett; attorney at law., grad. of

Law Dept.. Univ. of Mich. Res. Big Rapids. Ch'. (1) Alton R.,5 b.

Feb. 4. 1882; d. Dec. 12. 1897. (2) Nellie, ^ b. lune 13, 1885; d. Oct.

24, 1886. (3) May. 5 b. Sept. 15, 1887; grad. Univ. of Mich. 1909.

5 Walter. 3 (Walter,2 Matthew,i) b. Sept. 26, 1818. Worked one season for

Charles Scott, rafting on the river to Hartford, with Andrew Cor-
ruth. They worked their way on the canal to Buffalo and to Ohio in
1840. Lumbering, teaching and farming Settled near Decatur. 111.;
finally in DeWitt Co. He m. April 10, 1849, Betsey H. Smallwood of
of Decatur, 111., a former pupil. She d. March 19, 1899; he d. June
5, 1901 ; bur. in Rose Cem,, near Lane, Dewitt Co.
Children :
i. Douglas N:,* b. Jan. 26, 1850; d. Jan. 1860.

ii. Mary D.,*b. Aug. 22, 1854; m. Oct. 26, 1875, Wilson S. Conn; they rem.
to Sumner Co.. Kan., where he d. Jan. 12, 1892, and she d. Dec. 12,
1907. Ch. Two sons dead, 1 dau. living,
iii. Maggie C.,* b, June 27, 1862 ; m. Nov. 7, 1883. 4 sons, 5 daus., all liv-
ing.

6 Moses, 3 (Walter,2 Matthew.i) b. April 30, 1827; went to Ohio. 1846; en-

listed in the Mexican war; the reg. was sent through Missouri and
Kansas, then a wilderness. They were much molested by the Indians.

516

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Was in the battle of Chihuahua. After the war he went to St. Louis,
visiting Ryegate in 1853; ret. to 111., thence to Ft. Calhoun, Neb.
Enlisted, 1861, in a Co. of cavalry, which lost 83 men out of 97 at the
battle of Pea Ridge ; trans, to 5th Iowa Cav. In an attack on the
Confederate works at Atlanta, only 60 men of the 500 returned.
The reg. was surrounded, and only the 60 men fought their way out.
Roben made his way alone 122 miles to Cartersville, several times
narrowly escaping capture. He m. July 3, 1850, EHzabeth Brownlee
of Camden. Ill; d. Council Bluffs, Iowa, Nov. 28, 1906; bur. with
military honors.

Children :
i. Rosilla J.,-*b. Dec. 8, 1853, Camden, 111.; m. Dec. 29, 1872, Prenaldo R.
Nichols of Redfield, Iowa; farmer.

Children :

1. Curtis L.,5 b. March 17, 1875; m. Jan. 24, 1904, Inez C. Marden of Des

Moines, la. Ch. Charles J. «

2. Ray W.,5 b. March 14, 1878 ; m. April 4, 1906, Florence M. Hall at At-

lanta, la.

3. Ernest P.,5 b. July 29, 1882; m. Sept. 3, 1906, Nellie B. Fore well at

Greenfield, la.

4. C. Ruth,5 b. May 16, 1892.

5. Louise E..5 b, Oct. 29, 1894.

ii. Isabella,* b. Sept. 26, 1858, at Fort Calhoun, Neb.; d. July 13,1880;

un-m.
iii. Luella,* b. April 6, 1860, at Ft. Colhoun ; m. John Reighard of Stuart,

Iowa,
iv. David,* b. June 26, 1866, Camden. 111.

Douglass GRAY.3(Walter,2 Matthew, i) b. March 7, 1833 ; went to Ohio, 1850 ;
clerk there in his brother's store; clerk 6 yrs. in store of Archibald
Park. N. Y. City ; ret. to homestead to care for parents ; visited Scot-
land. 1858. He m. Paterson. N. J., Dec. 28, 1859, Margaret, dau.
George and Margaret (Shedden) Montgomery, b. Dalmner, Renfrew-
shire, Scot., whom he met on the steamer returning from Scotland.
Lived on homestead till death of parents ; in South Ryegate till 1 887 ;
since in Barre and South Barre, in farming. Became a Mason in 1854.
Mr. Roben has collected with great care most of the Roben records in
this volume, and some of those of kindred families.
. Children :

Walter Montgomerv,* b. Dec. 8, 1860; d. April 26, 1871.

Nellie fane.* b. June'4, 1862 ; teacher in Vt. and 111. Res. Guthrie, Okla.

Margaret Ann,* b. Nov. 25. 1864; m. March 14, 1884, Frank Bly of
Danvers, Mass. She d. Nov. 10, 1884; Ch. Warren Porter Bly,5 b.
1884, now in B. & M. R. R. office, Boston.

George Henry.* b. June 14. 1866; in granite business at So. R ; m. Sept.
15, 1889, Margaret J., dau. of Dr. John B. Darling of So. Ryegate (b.
Feb. 23. 1869.) Ch.' (1) Walter Brock. 5 b.Oct. 2, 1897. (2) George
Douglass, 5 b. July 13, 1905.

Jessie Belle,* b. Dec. 1. 1869; d. Barre, Vt . Nov, 12, 1911; m. June 24,
1889, Thomas Sherriffs of Aberdeen, Scotland.

Children :

Douglass M.,5 b. March 24. 1890; d. March 29. 1891.
Margarite C..^ b. Aug. 15, 1891. At school in Barre, Vt.
Jane Reid,5 b. June 10, 1893; in Barre. Vt.
Evaline Roben,5 b. Sept. 10, 1897 ; d. Sept. 13, 1900.
Douglass Chapin,*b. Feb. 24, 1872; m. Nellie Sloan of Montpelier, Vt.

Farmer in Barre, Vt.
Lillie May,* b. Oct. 2. 1875: d. Dec. 8. 1882.
Matthew Roben.* b. April 18, 1879; res. Barre Vt.

Maud,* b. Nov. 4, 1883; grad. Goddard Seminary, Barre, Vt.. 1904;
teacher at Ashland, N. H., where she d. Nov. 30, 1904.

vu.
viii.

GENEALOGY — ROBEN. 517

X. Mabel,* (twin to above) grad. Goddard Sem., 1903; m. May 10, 1907'
James Finley Williams of Columbus, 0. Res. Rochester, N. Y. He is
one of the hea dsalesmen of the Pittsburgh Steel Co. Ch. (1) Doug-
lass Finney, 5 b. April lil, 1908. (I) Richard Wesley. s b. R. June 29,
1912. •

RONALDS. '

George,^ b. Scotland, 1759. According to Mr. Miller and Mr. Mason he
came to America and Ryegate in 1 786, in company with Robert Brock,
Sr., and family. But by the recollection of his dau , Marion Ronalds
Raid, he came about 1774, and that Gen. Whitelaw was his guardian,
with whom he lived several years. He ran the grist mill at Bolton-
ville for some time for Dea. Brock. He m. ab. 1788, Elizabeth dau.
Joseph Smith of Bath, N. H., who lived in R. 178+-'95. He bought
the farm afterwards partly owned by Wm. Henderson and now by M.
H. Gibson. The buildings stood on the old turnpike. In 1819 his in-
ventory shows that he was in comfortable circumstances. The family
went to Indiana in 1820. settling on Garrison's Creek, Fayette Co.,
and the next year the father and youngest son d. in one day, and the
mother in 1826, while residing with her youngest daughter.
Children, all born in Ryegate.
i. Janet. 2 b. Feb. -t, 1790; d. Feb. 3, 1812.

ii. Elizabeth, 2 b. Aug. 18, 1791.

iii. Robert.2 b. March 5, 1793; d. Sept. 3, 1798.

iv. Mary, 2 b. May 12, 1795; m. John Gray of Fayette Co., lud., and d.
there.

V. Susannah, 2 b. March 13,1797; m. Hugh Gray of Fayette Co., and d.
there.

vi. John, 2 b. July 12, 1799.
vii. Margaret,2 b. March 14, 1801.
viii. Marion, 2 b. March 18, 1803 ; m. Robert C. Reid, q. v.

ix. Rosannah,2 b. May 4, 1805; m. Feb. 4. 1824, Rev. Gavin McMillan, (s.
of Hugh and jane [Harvey] McMillan, b. Dewock, Co. Anhim, Ire.,
Feb. 6. 1847. Came to Am, with parents same yr., settling in the
Chester Dist., S. C; grad. 1817, So. Carolina Coll., Columbia; stud-
ied theology in Philadelphia; ord. by the Pittsburgh Pres., Ref. Pres.
ch., and inst. pastor of the Beech Woods congregation. Morning Sun,
Preble Co., .May 7, 1823, remaining there till d. Jan. 25, 1867. Mod-
erator of the General Synod of 1839 and 1861. — Glasgow's Hist, ol
the Ref. Pres. ch. in America.)

X. James,2 b. May 30, 1807; d. 1821.

John, 2 (George. i) b. July 19, 1792; rem. with parents to Fayette Co., Ind. ,
1820, and settled on land known as Garrison's Creek. He m. in 1822,
Martha Killough of Preble Co., Ohio; rem. ab. 1828 to Hancock Co.,
111. and entered land adjoining the city of Nauvoo. Captain in the
Black Hawk war and brevetted Colonel; rem. 1836 to Loixisa Co.,
Iowa. Member of the 1 st Constitutional Convention of Iowa, and
one of three commissioners choserr b^^ the legislature of 1838, to lo-
cate the capitol of the territory ; rem. 1869, from his farm to Grand-
view, where he d. 1873; Covenanter, but after moving to Iowa,
joined the Ass. Ref Pres. ch.
Children :
i. Eliza Jane. 3 b. 1823; m. G. H. Crow of Wapello, Louisa Co., Iowa.
8 children.

ii. Martha A.,3 b. 1825; m. J. B. McDill of Wapello, Iowa, where she still
lives (Jan. 1910). 5 ch.

Note, "The commissioners chosen by the legislature of Iowa to locate the capital
of the Territory were Chauncey Swan of Dubuque, John Ronalds of Louisa Co., and
Robert Ralston of Des Moines, and they located ic on the east bank of the Iowa river,
and called it Iowa City." — [Gue's Hist, of Iowa, Vol. I, p. IQ.'i.

518 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

hi. Rosanna M.,3 b. 1829; m. D. G. Chambers of Richland, O., who rem. to-

Wapello, Iowa. 5 ch.
iv. William f .,3 b. 1835 ; m. Mary Smith of Grandview, Iowa. 7 ch.
V. Marion "E., 3 b. 1836; m. 1863, Dr. S. E. Jones, who d. 1866; and 2d.

1881, John P. Wall^er of Grandview, Iowa. Res. there,
vi. Margaret C.,3 b. 1845 ; m. N. W. Lilly. Res. Chicago. 2 ch.

SANDERSON.

George Pliny, s. o. Robert and Margaret, b. Peacham, Dec. 2, 1858; com-
mon school education; res. in Concord. N. H., some years, and there
m. by Rev. C. E.Harrington, Sept. 2+, 1881, Alice M., dau. Lester
and Margaret (Whitehill) Low, b. Oct. 24.. 1857. Ret. to Ryegate,
1888, and bought the Hunter farm, 1888, which he sold, 1909; now
res. at So. Ryegate; selectman 3 years.
Children :
i. Alice Gertrude, d. in childhood.

ii. George Raymond, d. in childhood.

iii. Nellie Margaret, b. Dec. 8, 1883; grad. Peacham Acad., May 13, 1904;
teacher; grad. N. H. State Normal School, Plymouth, N. H., June,
1906 ; teacher in Whitinsville, Mass.

iv. Roy v., b. Dec. 13, 1892 (adopted).

v. Harry M., b. March 16, 1893 (adopted).
All members of the Baptist church, Groton.

SARGENT.

Millard Fillmore, i b. Norwich, Vt., Nov. 23, 1849, son of Eben and Arvilla
Sargent, one of a family of 11 ch. Attended Thetford Acad. ; carpen-
ter. Came to Boltonville and So. R.; in lumber and other business,
buying and putting in first class shape, the Darling mill, which does a
business of about 500 M per an. Has also built houses, and is inter-
ested in the granite business ; has purchased the Darling block which
he has put into fine shape. He had the leading part in putting in the
electric light plant in 19U9, and has done much to build up South Rye-
gate. He m. Jan. 1, 1872, Maria P., dau. Dr. John B. Darling (b.
Groton, June 20, 1849; edu. Mclndoes Acad.; teacher.)
Children :
i. Joanna Belle, 2 b. Aug. 15, 1875; grad. St. Johnsbury Acad. 1896; m.
Jan. 1, 1897, Frederick J., son of William Allen and Lizzie (Douglas)
Tewksbury; b. Belle Plain, Iowa. Sept. 28, 1871; dentist; res. So.
Ryegate. Ch. (1) Marjorie Douglass, ^ b. Nov. 3, 1906. (2) Joanna
Maria,3 b. Sept. 28, 1910.

SARGENT.

Phi.neas L., s. of Amos and Ann (Cheany) b. Barnet, Vt., Feb. 19,1828;
left home at 14; learned the shoemaker's trade at Plill, N. H.; went to
Lowell and became a machinist ; shipped from Boston on a whaling
voyage, sailing around the world from east to west, and as far north
as ice in July would permit. Hem. Groton, Vt., Aug. 21, 1853, Abi-
gail G. Jones, g. g. dau. of Capt. Ephraim Wesson, ^b. Topsham, Vt.,
Feb. 12, 1835.) Res. Lowell, Mass., some years. Ret. to Vt., and en-
listed in Co. D, 1st Vt. Cavalry, and served till the end of the v^ar.
Taken prisoner and confined in Richmond two mos. eight days.
After the war he rem. to Ryegate where he lived 26 yrs.; rem. to Gro-
ton, where he d. June 24, 1907. His wife d. June 11, 1900 ; both bur.
there.

JUDGE ALBERT R. SAVAGE.

HON. JOHN C. STEWART.

GENEALOGY — SARGENT. 519

Children :
i. Charles A. ,2 went to Cal. when a voung man and m. there Oct. 23, 1883,

Addie M. Niles. He d. April 18, 1907. Ch. Alonzo P,.3 Richard H.,3

Eva S.3
ii. Wesson H.,2 b. Sept. 5, 1857 q. v.
iii. Annetta E.,2 (deceased.)
iv. Linna,2 m. April 18, 1895, James S. Weed of Topsham ; rem. to Gro-

ton, and there kept the tavern known as Weed's Hotel till his death,

March 22, 1903. No ch.
V. David N., 2 m. Nov. 30, 1893, Rosa Belle Eastman of Topsham. Farmer;

res. in Newbury. Ch. (1) Olive S.,3 b. Feb. 7. 1895, d. y. (2) Roy

E.,3 b. March 17, 1896. (3) Irene W.,3 b. fune 15, 1900. (4) Vera

A. ,3 b. Dec. 22, 1905. (5) James W.,3 b. April 26, 1911.
Wesson H.," (Phineas L.,i) b. Lowell, Mass., Sept. 5, 1857. Com. school

edu. In Cal., farming and mining, Jan. 1878-Nov. 1893; m. there

Nov. 21, 1882 to Salena S. Richards, who d. Oct. 21, 1883. Ret. to

Vt., bought his father's farm in Ryegate, known as the Pringle place;

sold it 1899 and bought the Wm. J. Gibson farm. He m. 2d. by Rev.

W. S. Wallace, Mav 28, 1902, Ida M., dau. David Buchanam Air,

Buchanan d. July 28, 1912.
Children :
i. Richard D. ,3 b. Aug. 3, 1903.
ii. Roland D.,3 b. March 29, 1905.
iii. Martha Abigail, 3 b. Aug. 24, 1908. Mr. Sargent bought in 1910 the

original William Nelson farm and res. there.

SAVAGE.

Charles Wesley, 1 b. Lancaster, N. H., July 12, 1819; m. in Ryegate, by
Rev. T- M. Beattie, March 9, 1847, Eliza McLaren, dau. Asa Clough
(b. Oct. 21, 1829; d. Spring Brook, Wis., June 18, 1891). Farmer
on river road tiH 1856, when they rem. to Lancaster, N. H., and
in 1879, to Spring Brook, Wis., where he d. Oct. 4, 1880.
Children:
i. Albert Russell,2 b. Rvegate, Dec. 8, 1847.

li. Ella May, 2 b. Ryegate. June 29,1852; m. Oct. 27, 1877, John Dickson
of Spring Brook,. Wis. Res. Eau Claire, Wis. 6 chil.

iii. Georgia Elizabeth, 2 b;' Lancaster, N. H.; Aug. 17, 1861; m. Dec. 7, 1882,
Allen H. Frye of Spring Brook, Wis. Res. Eau Claire, W'is. 6 chil.

iv. Anna Lucy, 2 b. Lancaster, June 6, 1868; d. Sept. 2. 1869.

Albert Russell, 2 (Charles W.,i) b. Ryegate, Dec. 8, 1847; fitted for college
at Lancaster Acad., grad. Dartmouth, 1871 ; taught 1871, '72,North-
wood( N. H.)Seminary ; 1872-.75; Northfield (Vt.) graded and high
school, studying law meanwhile in the office of Carpenter and Plum
ley at N. ■ Ad. to the bar at Montpelier, March 1874 ; rem. to Auburn,
Me., 1875 and entered into partnership with Hon. L. H. Hutchinson,
a lawver of marked abilitv, who d. 1882. County Attornev (An-
droscoggin Co.,) 1881-85; 'Judge of Probate, 1885-89 ; Mayor of
Auburn, 1889— '91 ; Member of the Maine House of Representatives
1891, 1893; Speaker of the House, 1893; member of the Maine Sen-
ate, 1895-1897; appointed May 15,1907 Justice of the Supreme
Judicial Court of Maine; re-appointed 1894 and 1911, and still in
office. Trustee of People's Savings Bank at Lewiston, director Na-
tional Shoe and Leather Bank, Auburn, and director or officer in
many other local enterprises. Has published " An Index — Digest of
the Maine Reports," 1897; has contributed largely to the legal press.
Res. Auburn, Me. He m. at Lunenburg, Vt.. Aug. 17, 1871. by Rev.
L. W. Harris, Nellie M. Hale (b. Barnet, Oct. 8, 1847; d. Aug. 24,
1912.)
Children :
i. Charles H.,3 b. Northfield, Vt., Oct. 11, 1872; d. Millboro, Va., April 23,
1896.

520 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ii. Anna Mary, 3 b. Northfield, Vt., March 22, 1874; d. Auburn, Me., Dec.

17, 1875.
iii. Mary Anna,3 b. Auburn, Me., Nov. 14, 1876; d. Auburn, June 8, 1911.

SCOT.

In the Bond of Association John Scot is given as a " Bleacher in Hillshead-
holm." Mr. Mason says that he was b. Woodside, near Glasgow.
CaiTie to America, 1773, with William Stevenson and James Andrew,
and to K. in 1775. He must have been a man of good business judg-
ment and experience as Mr. Mason says that he was employed as pur-
chasing agent or commissary by Gen. Bayley during part of the
revolutionary war. He cleared part of the "common land," now
owned by VV. T. McLani, but after some years lived at So. Newburj^,
settling finally on the "Glebe Land" in Newbuty, near So. Rye-
gate afterward owned by Hon. Peter Burbank and called by him
"The Hermitage," and now by the heirs of William Nelson. He
cleared that farm, built that house, and a saw mill on the stream still
called "Scot's Brook." He m. ab. 1784, Sarah, dau. Col. Robert
Johnston of N. sister to the wife of Gen. Whitelaw (b. Hampstead, N.
H., April 8, 1762; d. July 25, 1836.) He d. June 29, 1828. Their
descendants spell the name Scott.
Children, some of them b. in K^^egate.
i. Abigail, 2 m. Ira Mann of Orford, N. H.

ii. James, 2 m. Rhoda Gillett of Hartford, Vt.

iii. Isabel, 2 m. July 11. 1812 bv Rev. Wm. Gil)son, Andrew L. Smith, a stran-
ger who went off and left her. They had cli., Eliza, who m. Charles
Brigham and Sidney.

iv. Robert. 2

V. William, 2 m. Dec. 4, 1812 by Robert Whitelaw, Lucy Strong. 2d, Tama
Hibbard of Bath.

vi. John. 2

vii. Mary. 2 b. 1795; d. Newbury, June 18, 1872.
viii. Whitelaw. 2

ix. Sally, 2 b. 1799; d. Newbury, 1886.

X. Charles J. ,2 b. Oct, 12, 1802; m. 1st. Sarah Clark of Landaff, N. H. 2d,
Sophronia L. Bayley (b. May 18. 1815; d. Feb. 20, 1888.) He d.
Aug. 2, 1878. One son, Sidnev W.

xi. Cyrus f., 2 b. 1806; m. Dec. 15, '1840, Susan M., dau. Timothy Shedd
(b. Sept. 14, 1821 ; d. Jan. 21, 1881.)

The two last named were long in the lumber business in and near Wells River
and brought the first steam saw mill into Newbury.

Scott, John N. M. (See Whittaker Family.)

SHAW.

JoHN,i b. 1720, was a son of Rev. John Shaw of Greenock, Scotland, a noted
clergyman of his time, who was associated with the Erskines and
others in the formation of the Associate Presbyterian church. He
came to Barnet with his son John, in 1784, and was an elder in the
Associate church. He d. Nov. 16,1801 and his wife, whose maiden
name was Crawford, in 1807 or 1808; bur. at Barnet Centre.
Children :
John and James, perhaps others.

John, 2 (John,i) b. Greenock, Scot., 1749; came to America, 1765, and to
Ryegate in May, 1774, and rem. here during the rev. war; went back
to Scotland, 1783 and ret. in the next year \vith his parents and
brother William. He m. a dau. of Peter Lang of Barnet and settled

GENEALOGY — SHAW. 521

on the meadow n.of Barnet village. A great reader and well informed.
He d. 1831 having survived his ^vife and children of whom there were
three: Janet, who m. Dr. John McNab as 1st w. and a son and dau.
who d. un-m.
William. 2 (James, i) b. Scot., 1758; m. there Isabel Orr. Came to Barnet
Oct. 1784 and settled where George Nutter now lives; captain in the
old militia; member of the Asso. Pres. ch. He d. Jnnell, 1825; she
d. Feb. 22, 1839 ; bur. at Barnet Center.
Children :
i. Daniel. 3 b. Greenock, Scotland; m. Janet Stewart, and was the first mer-
chant in Barnet, and for some years the only trader between Newbury
and Stanstead. 2 daus. (Mrs. John C. Kent and Mrs. Johnson.)
ii. Margaret, 3 b. Barnet; m. William Ross.
iii. William, 3 lived at Monroe Plain ; m. Elizabeth Batchelder.
iv, John, 3 town clerk in Barnet ; m. Betsey Harriman.
V. Peter 3 became a Presbyterian minister (General Assembly); m. a Miss

King of New York,
vi. Robert, 3 became an Episcopal minister; m. Sarah Hooker of Hartford,
Conn.
1 vii. James,3 b. June 3, 1800.

viii. Isabel. 3 m. Robert Stevenson.
1 James,3 (William, 2 John.i) b. Barnet, June 3, 1800; farmer on homestead.
He m. 1st, by Rev. Thos. Goodwillie, March 16, 1826, Jane, dau.
Wm. McPhee (b. Jan. 9, 1806; d. Feb. 11, 1861.) 2d, Feb. 4, 1864,
Mrs. Agnes, dau. Robert, 2 Nelson, and widow of Truman Bailey of
Littleton, N. H., (b. Aug. 26, 1809; d. Peacham, June 8, 1890.) He d.
Barnet, July 18, 1890; bur. at Barnet Center.
Thirteen chil. by 1st m. of vi'hom :
ii. Margaret,* b. June 29, 1828 ; m. Dr. John B. Darling of Ryegate, q. v.
viii. Jane Elizabeth,* b. April 21, 1840 ; m. Alexander Renfrew, q. v.

SLYE.

JoHNji b. Smil hfield, R. I., 1748 ; served six weeks on a privateer in the revo
lutionary war, making three captures. One was a vessel loaded with
ivory, which they sold, taking their pay in Continental money, which
becoming worthless they lost their prize. He m. Ruth Brown, whose
father built the first woolen factory in America. Came to Newbury
ab. 1786. and was a blacksmith there several years; rem. to Wells
River where he put in the first trip-hammer in use there ; came to R.
and bought of the Scotch Co., land on which Daniel Heath had begun,
now a pasture owned by Hernion Miller, where his wife d. 1824, and
he d. in March, 1831 ; bur. in the Whitelaw cemetery.

Children, probably not in regular order. The 1st four were born in Rhode
Island,
i. Nancy, 2 m. Joseph Williams, a blacksmith at Wells River,
ii. Betsey, 2 b. 1777; m. Eri Chamberlin.
iii. Mercv,^ m. James Heath,
iv. Stephen, 2 b. ab. 1783.
V. Susanna, 2 b. 1785; m.JohnEwens.
vi. Ruth, 2 b. Newbury; m. Samuel Clough, Jr., q. v.

vii. Vodica,2 b. 1788; m. 1st, Thomas Heath. 2d, James Bailey of Newbury,
viii. John, 2 h. Newbury, July 23, 1791.
ix. Sally, 2 m. a Mr. Sturtevant.

k^NoTE. The earlier records of this family are from Mr. Mason, the later ones from
Mr. Miller and others.

522 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

1 Stephen,^ (John,i) b. in Rhode Island, ab. 17S3; m. 1st, Elizabeth, dau. Wm.
Abbott (b. June 18, 1783; d. Sept. 30, 18+0.) 2d, Jane, dau. John
Moore. Lived in Haverhill, Newbury and Ryegate ; rem. to Danville,
he d.
Children :
i. Eliza, 3 b. Haverhill, June 5, 1802.
ii. WilHam A ,3 b. April 17, 1805 ; d. v.
iii. Charity, 3 b. Newbury, Jan. 1, 18n8; m. June 8, 1830, John Franklin, a

schoolmaster, who became a physician. (See p. 159.)
iv. Israel, 3 b. Newbury, Oct. 4,1809; blacksmith at Boltonville. (See His-
tory of Newbury.)
v. Lois, 3 b. July 24-, 1811 ; m. William Buck of Bath,
vi. Mabel, 3 b. Nov. 21, 1815; m. Moses Brown,
vii. Ann, 3 b. 1817; m. a Mr. Hutchins of Haverhill,
viii. Amos, 3 b. 1819; m. a Miss Stalker.
ix. Harriet, 3 b. 1821 ; never m.

3 X. Austin. 3 b. 1S22.

xi. Timothy, 3 b. 1825; lived in Worcester, Mass.

4 xii. Reuben Muzzey,3 b July 8, 1828.

By 2d marriage,
xiii. William, 3 b. Ryegate; served in the Union army and was killed near the
close of the war.

John, 2 (John, 1^) b. Newbury, July 23, 1791; served six weeks in C apt. Mor-
rill's Co., in the w^arof 1812; farmer on the homestead. He m. by
Robert Whitelaw, Feb. 20, 1815, Roxalana, dau. Jabez Bigelow (b.
Oct. 15, 1794; d. Dec. 20, 1863.) He d. March 15, 1873.
Children :

5 i. George Ronalds,3 b. Nov. 19, 1815.

ii, Cynthia B.,3 b. March 11, 1818; m. Stephen Webster, q. v.
iii. Welcome, 3 b. Dec. 20, 1819 ; went to Louisiana; m. Ann Crittenden,
iv. Esther,3 b. Oct. 30, 1821; d. June 23, 1897; m. Benjamin P. Wheeler o

Newbury. Onech., Estelle, who m. Charles Reed of Antrim, N. H.f

and d. May 2, 1888. 3 ch.
V. Ruth Brown, 3 b. Tune 25, 1824; m. Sept. 27,1859, Wm. Orr of Tops

ham. Shed. Nov. 2, 1899.
vi. John, 3 b. Oct. 29, 1825 ; killed by the cars in 111., Oct. 30, 1865.
vii. Roxalana B.,3 b. Feb. 19, 1828; d. Brattleboro, ab. 1870.
viii. Nancv Williams 3 b. Feb 11, 1830; m. Joel Ingalls, q. v.

6 ix. Daniel Azro,3 b. June 29, 1831.

X. Nathan Jabez,3 b. Aug. 18, 1834; m. 1872, Phoebe Jones; lived in Tops-
ham on the old Mills farm, now owned by Joseph Hastings. 1 son.
Ward Brown.*

3 AusTiN,3 (Stephen. 2 John,i) b, 1822 ; m. 1848, Nancv Henderson, (b. 1827 ;

d. March 6." 1856). He m. 2d, 1857, Abig'ail Folger (b. May 16,

1820; d. 1871.) 3d, Adaline Alger of Strafford, Vt., in 1872 b.

1845.

Children :

i. Charles Milton,* b. 1849 ; m. Nov. 24, 1866, NeJlie Cheney of Concord

N. H.
ii. Jane,* b. 1851; m. Nov. 26, 1868, Edward H. Colby of Dunbarton,

N H.
iii. Stephen E.,* b. 1 853 ; d. Sept. 29, 1879.

iv. Alma Eliza,* b. Newbury, June 1855 ; m. James B. Darling, q. v.
v. Ida May,* b. Newbury, Sept. 11, 1858; m. March 4, 1879, Luther F.

Dawson of Derby, afterwards of Lawrence, Mass.
vi. Austin, b. Aug. 27, 1860.
vii. Martha M., b. Sept. 9, 1863.
viii. Gertrude Viola, b. Aug. 29, 1879.

GENEALOGY — SLYE, 523

Reuben Muzzey.3 (Stephen, 2 John.i) b. Ryegate, July 8, 1828; m. May 15,
1857 by Rev. Wm. Pringle, Isabella dau. Thos.,2 (Wm.,i) Nelson (b.
April 14, 1826; d. Shrewsbury, Mass.. July 23, 1898). They rem. to
E. Haverhill, N. H., then to Worcester, Mass., 1864, where he was a
carpenter; farmer in Shrewsbury, Mass., 1875 till d. April 5, 1897.
Children :
i. Mary E.,* b. Haverhill, Feb. 13, 1860; m. Worcester. Mass.. April 17.
1879 by Rev. E. L. Lathrop to Nathan P. Craigie of Boston ; tool-
maker. Rem. to So. Walpole, Mass., 1907. Ch. (1) David N.,5 b.
April 18, 1900. (2) Everett P.,^ b. July 25 ; d. Aug. 30. 1901.
ii. Nelson M.,* b. Haverhill, Nov. 15, 1863; m. in Shrewsbury, June 5,
1884, Edith E.Spaulding of Worcester. Blacksmith. Ch. (1) Mabel
Elsie,5 b. Oct. 23, 1896. (2) Nelson M..5 b. Aug. 16, 1898.
George Ronalds, 3 (John, 2 John,i) 1). Ryegate, Nov. 19, 1815; m. Nov. 21,
1839 by Rev. G. W. Campbell, Jane, dau. Solomon Jewell (b. 'New-
bury, March 25, 1815 , d. March 8, 1884.) They lived in Peacham
but rem. to Newbury, 1844. He d. Aug. 5, 1891; had been blind
many years.
Children ;
i. Abigail,4^ b. Peacham, May 11, 1841 ; d. Dec. 29, 1841.
ii. Son,* (twin to above) d. May 12. 1841.
iii. Roxalana Elizabeth,-* b. Peacham, Nov. 30, 1842 ; m. Charles E. Bolkum

q. v.
Daniel Azro,^ (John, 2 John.i) b. June 29, 1832 ; m. Agnes, dau. John Dick-
son. Went to Wis. and settled at Waneka; rem. there some yrs.;
rem. to St. Paul and there d.
Children :
i. Wm. George,* b. Oct. 13, 1856; res. Minneapolis, Wis. Commercial

teacher,
ii. Mary 1^.,* b. Jan. 16. 1859; m May 2, 1888, Rev. Wm. ]. Gray, pastor

of 1st Cong, ch., St. Paul, Minn,
iii. Grace A.,* b. May 6, 1861 ; m. vSept. 21, 1893, John W. Gray of Minne-
apolis, w^here he is circulator for the Minneapolis Journal.

SMITH.

James and Andrew Smith came from Scotland, arriving in Ryegate, Oct. 8'
1774. Andrew died 14 days later, the 1st death in town (See p. 43.)
James m. ab. 1779, Elizabeth Shields, who came from Scotland in the
same ship with the Halls and others, arriving at Boston just before
the battle of Bunker Hill, and she was the only person allowed to
pass through the lines. James Smith owned much land in Ryegate
and Barnet w^hich he sold, and settled in Newbury on the west side of
the river at Boltonville, where he seems to have d. Oct. 6, 1802, aged
60, and his wife, Nov. 20, 1824, aged 76.
Children :
i. Jean. 2 or Jane, b Aug. 16, 1780; m. 1803 as 1st w. John Peach of New-
bury and settled on Jefferson Hill where she d. Feb. 6, 1831. 9 chil.
(See History of Newbury.) Covenanters.
ii' Polly, 2 or Mary. b. March 7, 1782; m. Charles Wheeler, q. v,

iii. James. 2 b. Dec. 15. 1784; d, Sept. 14, 1797.

iv. Andrew,2 b. Sept. 14, 1791 ; m, Olive Randall.

SMITH.

James,! of Scotch ancestry, b, Newtonard, Co. Down, Ireland, 1768. He be
longed to the United Irishmen, and was in the patriot army 1798. He
went to Scotland in June of that year, where he was taken prisoner,
and kept nine weeks and three days, when he was allowed to return

524

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Never m., made home with her sister Mary

to Ireland. He m, 1799, Elizabeth McBride, and they came at once to
Am., and lived one and a half years at a place called Nine Partners,
Clinton, Dutchess Co., N. Y. Came to R. in Feb. 1801, and settled on
the farm owned later by the heirs of Theodore W. Smith. Coven-
anters. He d. July 17, 1840, aged 71 ; she d. Dec. 17, 1838. aged 67;
bur. in the West cemetery.
Children all but the oldest born in Ryegate.
John, 2. b. March 23, 1800.
James,-' b. Sept. 4, 1801.
Thomas, 2 b. Jan. 6, 1803.
iv. WilHam G.,2 b. [ulv 1804-.
V. Elizabeth, 2 b. June 6, 1806.

and d.

vi. MarY.2 b. Feb. IS, 1808; m. Wm. McLure, q. v.
vii. Robert 0.,2 b. Feb. 1, 1810.
viii. Katharine, 2 d. y.
ix. David. 2 b. Oct. 23, 1818.

John, 2 (lames.i) b. Clinton, N. Y., March 23, 1800. Came to R. with par-
ents, and m. Feb. 23, 1832, Marv. dau. Samuel Allen, q. v. (b. Ireland,
May 7, 1807; d. Dec. 28, lS01).'They lived on part of the homestead
16 vrs., then rem. to the farm now owned bv Rem. to

So.'R., 187+ ; elected elder in the Ref. Pres. ch., So. R., June 27, 1867.
He hved in R. 92 yrs., but d. in Newbury at the home of his dau., Mrs.
Wm. Bone, March 20, 1894.
Children,
i. Jane, 3 b Jan. 8, 1833; m. 1st, Nathaniel K. Laughlin q. v. 2d Appleton

Perrv, q. v.
ii. Robert Gibson, b. Oct. 2, 1834; d. Sept. 10, L859; res. Ryegate, except a

short time in Boston,
iii. Ehzabeth M.,3 b. Dec. 9, 1836; d. Nov. 21, 1889; m. 1st, Wm. McLaugh-
lin, q. V. 2d, Feb. 1, 1894. John H. Welch, who d. Groton, Dec. 23,
1905.
iv. John R..a b. Dec. 11, 1839 ; d. April 17, 1856.
V. Ellen, 3 b. April 5, 1841 ; m. William Bone, q. v.

vi. Nancy. 3 b. Aug. 23, 1843; m. 1st, Jan. 12, 1871, David Bone, q. v. 2d,
Dec. 8, 1881, Robert H. Gates q. v. Mrs. Gates owns the sword car-
ried bv Samuel Allen in the Irish rebellion,
vii. Mary Ann, 3 b. May 3. 1846 ; d. Sept. 3, 1848.
viii. William Allen. » b. June 18, 1848 ; d. May 25, 1865.
ix. vSamuel J. ,3 b. July 19, 1852 ; d. May 5, 1865.

James,2 (James, M b. Ryegate., Sept. 4, 1801. He m. March, 1836, Janet,
dau. James Aiken; rem. to Topsham, and was a prosperous farmer.
Both Mr. and Mrs. Smith died within, two weeks in Nov. and Dec.
1872.
Children :
i. Alexander, 3 b. Feb. 19, 1837. m. Abbie Burns of Topsham.
ii. Caroline,3 b. 1839; d. Tewksbury, Mass , about 1860.
iii. Margaret, 3 res. Manchester, N. H., in 1890.
iv. Thomas, 2 d. 1882.

v. Moses, 3 farmer on homestead ; m. Almira, dau. John Hood,
vi. Eliza,3b. 1853; d. 1874.

Thomas,2 (James, 1) b. Ryegate. Jan. 6, 1803 ; m. by Rev. Wm. Pringle, July
22. 1841, to Jane." dau. Theophilus McLure (b. R. 1805.) Farmer on
homestead. He d. July 11, 1887.
Children (rather uncertain as to dates.)
i. Thomas H. B.,3 b. Jan. 1843; d. Sept. 17, 1844.
ii. Twins, 3 b. and d. Feb. 4, 1844.
iv. Jackson, 3 b. 1846.
V. Theodore VV.,3 b. 1848.

GENEALOGY — SMITH. 525

vi. Daughter,3. b. and d. May 1, 1849.

4 William Gibson,^ (James. i) b. July 1804; settled in Charleston, Me., m.

Jan. 23, 1840, Phebe Faulkner Treworgy of Blue Hill, Me. (b. Oct. 2,
1804; d. May, 1885.) He d. Oct. 1, 1868.
Children ;
i. Oscar Lewis, 3 b. Nov. 12, 1840.
ii. Jasper Davi'i,3 b. May 14, 1842 ; d July, 1896.
iii. Sarah Elizabeth, 3 b. Mav. 26, 1843; d. Aug. 17, 1898.
iv. Thomfis Benton. 3 b. Aug. 21. 1845; d. ab. Feb. 22, 1883.
v. Frances Amelia, 3 b. Jan. 8, 1847.
VI. Mary Ann, 3 b. Dec. 2, 1849.
vii. Phebe Jane, 3 b July 18, 1853.
viii. Ella Helena, 3 b. Dec. 16, 1855.
ix. Helen Judith,3 b. May 13, 1857,

5 Robert B.,~ (James, i) b. Feb. 1, 1810; settled in Charleston, Me., and m.Oct-

17, 1843, Julia Ann Kelsey, who d. Jan. 12, 1879. He d. Oct. 14,
1888.
Children :
i. Mary Jane, 3 b. Jan. 6, 1845.

ii. Tliza Ann, 3 b Mav 15. 1847; d. Feb. 28, 1867.
iii. Charles E.,3 b. .Xpril 29, 1850.
iv. John K ,3, b. Sept. 6. 1853.
V. Sarah H.,3 b. Aug. 22. 1855.
vi. Jason M ,3 b. Oct. 5, 1857.

vii. Alice K..3 b. April 14, 1866 ; d. May 21, 1885.
viii. Lizzie L.,3 b. May 4, 1868.

6 David,2 ( James, 1 ) b. Ryegate, Oct. 23, 1818; rem. to Charleston, Me., and

later to Stetson, Me., where he d. Sept. 28, 1900. He m. in Charles-
ton, Jan. 8, 1847, Susan B. Goodwin (b. Shapleigh, Me., Jan. 22,
1826.)
Children :
i. Florence Ada,3 b. Charleston, Sept. 28, 1847.
ii. Susan M..3 b. Charleston, Feb. 19, 1849.
iii. David M.,3 b. Stetson. Dec. 1, 1850; d. Nov. 3, 1856.
iv. Frank M.,3 b. Oct. 31, 1852; d. June 9, 1861.
V Clara A. ,3 b. Feb. 11, 1859.
vi. Wilson S.,* b, Feb. 5, 1863.
vii. Arthur H.,3 b. Dec. 26, 1866 ; d. Feb. 9, 1879.

7 Theodore W., 3 (Thomas, 2 James,i) b. R. 1848; d. June 15,1908; Deacon

in 1st Pres. ch. Farmer on homestead; m. 1st. 1875, Maggie J., dau.
James Esden of Barnet (b. Sept. 22, 1850; d. Dec. 28, 1888.) 2d, Feb.
6, 1890, Mrs. Alice Peters, dau. Labbeus Welch.
Children by 2d marriage,
i. Henry Finney,* b. Aug. 26, 1876.
ii. Thomas Roscoe.'^' b. May 18, 1879; m., lived in Rath, N. H.; d. June

23, 1908. Noch.
iii. Charles Warren,* b. Sept. 7, 1882.

iv. Carrie Jane,* b. May 24, 1884; m. Dec. 8, 1909, Horace James of Tops-
ham.
V. Clara Marion,* (twin to above) d. Sept. 7, 1886.
vi. Matilda Louisa.* b. June 12, 1886.

SMITH.

George of Paisley, Scotland, m. Isabel Craig, and they had two sons, George
and James, who followed their father's trade of a stocking weaver.

George, b, April 9, 1782; m. April or May. 1807, Margaret, dau. William
and Agnes [Miller] Renfrew (b. May 18, 1784; d. 1876.) This Ren.

2

iv.

3

V.

4

vi.

5

vii.

viii.

6

ix.

7

X.

52H HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

frew family and their descendants have lived 300 years on the same
farm in Renfrewshire. They lived in Paisley till 1816, when they em-
barked for America, reaching Ryegate after ten p. m., Aug. 28. the
night of the "great frost," which killed all vegetation and the leaves
on the trees. He bought of John Buchanan land afterwards owned by
Archibald Whitehill, then lived ten years on what was called the Hall
place. Elected an elder, 1817 in the Associate Church. They removed
to Greensboro in 1842 and they with their sons, Thomas and John,
were set off to become members of a congregation formed at that
place, June 5, 1845. He d. in G. in May 16, 1863 ; she d. in Barnet in
the winter of 1875.

Children, the first five born in Scotland :
1 i. George,2 b. May 19, 1808;

ii. William, 2 b. Dec. 29, 1809 ; d. Jan. 16, 1816.

iii. Agnes, 2 b. Sept. 7, 1811: m, Dec. 25, 1851, George Smith of St. Johns-
bury; d. May 16, 1887.
James. 2 b. Oct. 3, 1813.
Thomas,2 b. xMarch 29, 1816.
John,^ b. Jan. 14, 1818.
Isabel, 2 b. Sept. 11, 1820.
Margaret.2 b. May 16, 1822.
William, 2 b. March 23, 1824.
Elizabeth,2 b. June 23, 1828.

Jennet, 2 b. Dec. 28, 1829 ; m. Samuel Boardman, who d. in Indiana, 1865.
Shed. Ch. Lizzie, ^ and Edwin J. 3

George, 2 (George,!) b. Paisley, Scotland, May 19, 1808; came to America

with his parents, and m. March 14, 1840, Mary, dau. John Dunn (b.

Aug. 7, 1806; d. Aug. 17. 1867.) When he m. he bought of Joshua

Thomas the farm known as " The Birches," now owned by his son,

Wm. J. Smith, and where he d. Jan. 24, 1882.

Children :
i. Hugh Alexanders b. Dec. 30, 1840 ; d. June 14, 1848.
ii. Margaret Elizabeth, 3 b. May 30, 1842.

iii. Wilham John,3 b. May 30, 1844; farmer on homestead. He inherited a
love for animals, especially horses, and has reared and owned some
very fine ones notably " Helen M.," and " Lambert B," The cattle on
his farm are all descended from a cow bought by George Smith, Sr., in
1816. He m. 1st, bv Rev. G. M. Wiley, Dec. 5, 1867, Martha, dau.
Wm. and Lucina Whitehill (b. R. April 10, 18+9; d. Aug. 8,1871.)
2d, Oct. 1882. Jennie E., dau. Abram M. Whitehill.
ix. Mary Jennett.s b.'Nov. 21, 1851 ; m. Nov. 20, 1875, by Rev. D. C. Paris
at So. Peacham, Frank Whitehill b. 1853 at Danville, Vt., who is in
partnership with her brother W. J.Smith. She is an invalid, but is
local correspondent for several papers, and has, with care and pains,
collected most of these Smith records for this work. In 1908 Messrs.
Smith & Whitehill purchased the Beattie farm at East Ryegate, and
res. there.
James, 2 (George, i) b. Paisley, Scot., Oct. 2. 1813. Came with parents to Rye-
gate, 1816 or 1817 ; joined the Seceder Ch, Oct. 2. 1845; m. 1st, May
28, 1848, Marion, dau. Wm. Somers of Barnet; she d. June 28, 1863.
2 ch. 2d, m. Nov. 16.1864, Liicy K. Abbott. 3 ch. He d. May 9,
1876. He was a member of the United Pres. ch. 60 yrs.
Children:
i. Lewis,3b. June 22, 1852.

ii. Jennett,3 b. Jan. 2, 1850; m. James Manchester,
iii. George Ellis,3 b. April 24, 185'l; m. Martha Oilman. 1 dau.
iv. Lelia Jane,3 b Sept. 28, 1865; m. Fred Morton.

V. Julia, 3 a missionary in China; m. Rev. Mr. Marshall, who d. there, 1911.
vi. Jackson W.,3 m. Mrs. Rhenis [Peach] widow of G. E. Meader.

GENEALOGY— SMITH. 527

Thomas, 2 (George, i) b. Paisley, Scotland, March 29, 1816; came to R. with
parents; rem. to Greensboro 1842; m. 1846, Lydia, dau. Samuel
Knight of Ryegate, b. Oct. 7, 1825. He d. Nov. 12. 1879.
Children :
i. Lydia Ann, 3 b. Sept. 8, 1848; m. April 21, 1870, Loren F. Miner. Ch.

(1) Mary,* b. April 26, 1872. (2) Edna,* b. Oct. 25, 1880.
ii. Frank, 3 b. Dec 1, 1949 farmer; m. June 14, 1881, Ida Dow of Albany.
Ch. (1) Luther,* b. ]an. 21, 1887. (2) Orrin,* b, Aug., d. Oct. 1891.
iii. Hattie,3 b. May 22, 1854 ; m, Dec. 25, 1873, Emory Norris.
Children :

1. Thomas W.,* b. Hardwick, Oct. 5, 1874.

2. Lydia H.,* b. Hardwick, Aug. 21, 1876.

3. Ernest E .* b. Lyndonville, [une 9, 1882 ; d. Newport, Aug. 20, 1883.

4. Althia G.,* b. Derby, Vt., Aug. 16, 1893.

5. Ernest E.,* b. Derby, Vt., June 14, 1897.

iv. Dr. Moses E.,^ b. Mav 7, 1852; practiced at Trov, Vt., now res. in Cal.;

m. Nov. 1876, Maria Buzzel. Ch. Gladys,* b.'Dec. 20, 1882.
V. Juha F.,3 b. Sept. 6. 1856; m. Feb. 11, 1892, Irving P. Dillon. Ch. (1)

Irving W.,4 b. Nov. 25, 1894. (2) Wendall M",* b. Aug. 12, 1896.
vi. Charles H.,3 b. Oct. 31, 1857 ; farmer, m. Nov. 15, 1893, Julia W. Cheney.
vii. Lois C. ,3 b. Dec. 25. 1859; m. Sept. 1880, [arnes Davidson. Ch. (1)

Lulu L.,* b. Oct. 15, 1882. (2) Everett J.,* b. Sept. 15, 1894.
viii. Fred S. ,3 b. Oct. 6,1862; m. 1st at Newport, Vt., Julv 3, 1889, Helen,
dau. Maj. Noyes (b. Feb. 20, 1859; d. Sept. 20, 1897.) 2d. at Hard-
wick. Vt,, Sept. 27, 189S, Sara A. Mayron. Ch. bv 1st m. (1) Isabel
M.,*b. Sept. 17, 1892; adopted Oct. 1897 bv Eliza Hathawav. By
2dm. (2) Rhoda L.,*b. March 11, 1903. '(3) Emory N.,* b' Sept.
25, 1906.
ix. Abbie M.,3 b. July 29, 1865,
X. Josephine A. ,3 b. Sept. 25, 1867.

John,- (George, 1) b. Ryegate Jan. 1,1818; m. 1st, Jane Barr of Danville.
They had one son, Andrew who went. 2d, Maria, dau. John Somers.
They lived in Greensboro, rem. to Newbury, near the townhouse, and
on Jefferson Hill, 1856, '64. They rem. to Barnet, then to Texas,
where both d.
Children : •

Eva Bell, b. Dec. 1850; Esther, b. May, 1852, wko d. y.; John, Morris,
Margaret, Lillv Ann.
Isabel, 2 (George, 1) b. Ryegate, Sept. 1, 1820; m, Moses Boardman of Greens-
boro.
Children born in Greensboro,
i. Agnes 3 d. at 8 yrs.

iii Charles E.,3 d. at St. Johnsbury, ab. 30.
iii. Lydia, 3 d. at 7 yrs.

iv. Carrie Ella. 3 m. C. C. King of Albany. Vt.; d. at 42.
V. Hattie,3 d. y.

William, 2 (George.^) b. Ryegate, March 23, 8824; m. 1st, Jan. 9,1855, Mary.

dau. Robert Smith of W. Barnet, b. in Scotland, when her mother d.

She d. April, 1866. 2d, Aug. 22. 1867. Jane, half sister of 1st w., her

mother, Agnes Esden, being half sister of 1st w of Robert Smith.

Children by 1st marriage, George, Agnes Annie, Mary Ella, Barbara J.,

(dea.) Marion E., Robert William. All went to Iowa.
By 2d marriage.

Jessie,3 b. 1868. Edwin, 3 d. y. Herbert, 3 d. y.
Elizabeth, 2 (George, i) b, Ryegate, June 23, 1826; m. John Calderwood, went
to California and d. there.
Children :
i. Solomon, 3 w^ent to California and m. there.

528 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ii. Margaret, 3 went to California.

iii. Matilda Jane, 3 m. Ellsworth Hawkins, killed by a derrick on Blue Mt.
One son, Ellsworth, Jr., living and ra. She ra. 2d, a Mr. Clough and
lives in Bloomfield, Vt.
iv. Elizabeth J.,* m. Geo. D. Bradley, stone cutter at St. Johnsbury.
Y. Annie, 3 m. Rev. Edward T. Sanford, pastor of Baptist church at St.
Johnsbury several years ; Chaplain in the army in the civil war; went
to California,
vi. Mary Isabel, ^ d. at ab. 16.
8 Margaret Elizabeth, 3 (George,^ George, i) b. May 30. 1842; m. at Monroe,
N. H., March 1. 1864 by Rev. Mr. Sterling to James Ramsey; rem to
Wis.
Children :
i. Marv Elizabeth,* b. Ryegate Nov. 10,1864; m. in Wis., May 1,1889,
' Frank Cook. Ch. (1) Harry Edward. 5 b. Feb. 26, 1890. (2) Hazel
May, 5 b. May 1892. (3) Ella Anna.s b. Jan. 9, 1896.
ii. Laura Annie,* b. Ryegate, July 29, 1866 ; m. 1888, Henry Kelley. Ch.

(1) lohn FrankHn.5 b. Wis. Nov. 26 1888.

iii. Agnes Ellen,* b, Feacham, April 9,1868; m. at Lake Citv, Wis., Feb.
24, 1892, Samuel James Wills. Ch. (1 ) Gladys Jane, 5 b. Cherokee,
Iowa, Feb. 26, 1894. (2) Gertrude F'lorencejs b. Cleghorn, Iowa,
Sept. 9, 1896. (3) Irma Frances, s b. Cleghorn. April 14. 1899.

iv. Carrie Ella,* b. Peacham, April 5, 1870; d. Ryegate, Feb. 25, 1877.

V. William lames * b. Barnet, June 1. 1872; m. Peacham, June 17, 1896,
Lizzie Belle Hastie. Ch. ( 1) Ethel May. 5 b. Peacham, April 18,1 897.

(2) Geo. Andrew. 5 b. Peacham, June 4, 1899. (3) Margaret Eliza,^ b.
Peacham, Jan. 16. 1903. (4) Mary Luella,^ b. Barnet, May 13,
1906.

vi. George Alexander,* b. Lyman, N. H., June 1, 1874; drowned in the river

at E. Ryegate, July 17, 1883.
vii. John Henry,* b. Ryegate, Aug. 6, 1876; rem. to Nebraska; m. Kate

Hoth, in 1904. Ch. (1) Bernard Henry, 3 b. Oct. 23, 1904. (2)

James Stephen, 3 b. March 27, 1906. (3) John Harold, 3 b. 28, 1908.

(4) Mpe Margaret, 3 b. May 9, 1910.
viii. Cora Luella,* b. Union. Wis., Oct. 29, 1878 ; m. in Ryegate. Dec, 20, 1898,

Newton A. Whitehill. Ch. (1 ) Erwin Newton, b. Barnet, July 27,

1902. (2) John FrankHn, b. April 26, 1905.
ix. Harrv Edward;* b. Union, Wis., Sept. 9, 1881 ; grad. 1897, Carnegie Ins.,

N." Y. Dentist with office at Brevoort Place. Brooklyn. Has also

studied law. Visited Europe four times.
X. Benjamin Harrison,* b. Nov. 9, 1885. In R. R. service.

SOMERS.

This name has always been very common in both Ryegate and Barnet,
and the families are all descended from several of the name who
came from the same locality, but their immediate connection is not
known.

Bartholemew Somers,! b. Cambuslang, Scotland, 1744; came to Am. 1771
and to Ryegate 1774. He served in the revolutionary war in Capt.
Frye Bayley's Co., which marched to Saratoga, and his adventure in
swimming the Hudson is related on p. 86. He was a very large man
and was called " Lang Bart," and was elected ensign in the 1st Co. of
Ryegate militia. Mr. Mason says that he was a merry man, abound-
ing in fun and practical jokes. He settled in Ryegate, but ab. 1782
rem. to Barnet and d. there.
Children all but the first born in Barnet.
i Jane. 2 b. Rvegate, Jan. 15, 1781; d. Jan. 15, 1871; m. 1805, William
Carrick 'of' B. who d. Dec. 23, 1868.

GENEALOGY — SOMERS 529

ii. Marion, 2 b. 1783 ; d. March 14, 1850. She m. Dea. Thos. Gilkerson of
Barnet, who d. May 31, 1845 on the farm now owned by Wilbur Nel-
son. These children married into Ryegate families ; James m. Jane,
dau Andrew Buchanan ; Susan m. John Whitehill ; Bartholemew m.
Margaret, dau. James Warden; John m. Agnes Warden ; Janet m.
Robert Gibson ; Marion m. James Shaw ; Robert and Luther m. Agnes
and Mary Batchelder. There were 11 children.

iii. Robert, 2. m. Harriet Sheldon.

iv. William. 2 m. 1st, Emma Pierce. 2d, Margaret Goodwillie. 7 chil., one
of whom is Mrs Robert Lackie of Jefferson Hill, Newbury.

Y. Agnes. 2 m. Elijah Clifford.

vi. Susanna,2 m John McVane.
vii. Bartholemew. 2 m. Bathsheba Page,
viii. John. 2 m. Lucinda Harriman.

Another Bartholemew Somers, b. at Camherslang, Scot., 1772, came to Bai-
net in 1793. He was called " Black Bart," from his dark complexion.
He settled by Moore's Pond on the farm afterwards owned by Har-
vey Somers, where he d. June 11. 1859. Hem. Agnes Trumbull who
came from Scotland to Craftsbury when 16 yrs. old. 3 chil. They
have also many descendants.

Janet, dau. John and Janet Hyndraan, b. Feb. 20, 1774, the 1st ch. b. of
Scotch parents in Rvegate ; m. Claudius Somers of Barnet (b. Sacahey
Gray, Camberslang' Parish, Scotland, 1757; d. Barnet, 1828.) She d.
Sept. 30, 1847.
Children, as given by Mr. Mason.
i. Robert, b. 1790; m. Sallv Rockwell of Barnet.
ii, Claudius, b. 1792 ; m. Janet McNab of B.
iii. John, b. 1794; m. Katherine, dau. John McLaren.

V. William, b. 1795 ; m. Sally .

vi. Janet, b. 1800; m. Hiram Blaisdell of Peacham.
vii, Agnes, b. 1802; d. 1820.
viii. Alexander, b. 1805; m. Sarah Eames.
ix. Bartholemew, b. 1807; m. 1st, Phebe Herbert. 2d Mary Kidder.
X. Margaret, b. 1810; m. James Freeland.
xi. Hyndman, b. 1812 ; d. 1831.
xii. Mary, b. 1814; m. Noah Partridge,
xiii. Flora, b. 1818; m. L. F. Waterman.

JOHN,i b. Glasgow, Scotland, 1740; came to America 1795 and cleared the
James Gibson farm in Barnet, afterwards lived at Mclndoes, and d.
1818. His wife d. at Wm. Galbraith's, who m. their dau. in 1824,
aged 84. Besides this daughter only two chil. are mentioned, Wil-
liam (1) and John (2).

1 William, 2, (John, 1) b. Glasgow, Scotland, 1778 ; came with parents to Am.
1795; m. 1804, Janet, dau. John Buchanan. Bought of her father
the farm owned by the late Wm. L. Somers, where he d. suddenly
Aug. 4, 1850. Shed. Dec. 14, 1853.

Children :
i. Anna, 3 b. 1805 ; m. John Brockof Barnet.

ii. Nancv,3 b. Oct. 27, 1806 ; d. Mav 8, 1890 ; m. Capt. Robert Gibson, q. v
iii. Janet> b. 1808 ; d. in Cal. Dec. 18. 1888 ; m. William Gibson, q. v.
iv. Marion, 3 b. 1810; d. June 28, 1863; m. Tames Smith, q. v.
V. John. 3. b. 1812.

vi. "Caroline. 3 b. March 20. 1815 ; m. Moses Noyes, q. v.
3 vii. William Loudon. 3 b. March 24, 1817.

ix. Claudius, 3 b. 1819;m. 1st, April 12, 1848. Agnes, dau. John2 Gibson,

(b. Nov. 26, 1821; d.) 2d, Jan. 16. 1866, JanetSamuels.
X. Phebe B.,3 b. May 17, 1823: m. Wm. F. Gibson, q. v.; d. March 10.
1901.

530 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

2 John, 2 (John,i) b. Scotland, Dec. 18, 1785; came to Am. with parents, lived

with them till 1812, then bought of his father-in-law the farm where
the late Harvey Dunn long lived. He m. Isabel, dau. John Buchanan
(b. Jan. 8, 1785 ; d. Jan. 15, 1845.) He d. Aug. 28, 1870.
Children :
4 i. Claudius.sb. 1808.
ii. Eliza,3 d. at 22,

iii. Agnes, 3 b. Nov. 6, 1810; m. Alden Brock, q. v.
iy. Anna, 3 (twin to Agnes) seems to have d. Aug. 1896.
V. Eleanor,3 b. Feb. 17. 1813; d.
vi. Moses, 3 b. March S, 1815; ni. Sally Woodward of Danville and lived

there.
vii. Jennett.3 b. Oct. 4, 1816; m. James M. Daniels,
viii. Maria,3 b. July 24. 1818; m. John Smith, q. v.
ix. Archibald. 3 b. Sept. 26, 1819. Went to Iowa and d. there 1867. He m.

Harriet Morrison.
X. Reuben, 3 b. June 17, 1823 ; m. Ruth Richardson. Went to Iowa,
xi. Isabel, 3 b. Dec. 28, 1825; m. ab. 1852, Alvin Farnham of Peacham.

3 William Loudon, 3 (William, 2 John,i) b. March 24, 1817; farmer in Barnet-

Hem May 9, 1844, Isabel, dau. William Gray (b. Ryegate, July 27,
1821; d. Barnet. Sept. 19, 1912.) Members of the United Pres. ch. in
■which he was an elder for several years. He d. March 6, 1902, bur.
in Walter Harvey cem.
Children all born in Barnet.
i. Albert Gray.^ b. Feb 15, 1845. Went to So. Dak. Lawyer, and for six
yrs. member of the House of Representatives, being speaker four yrs.
Res. Summit, So Dak.: un-m.
ii. Frances Gray.* b. July 27, 1846; res. Audoubon. Iowa,
iii. Edwin R.,* b. July 1, 1848; res. Audoubon, Iowa; farmer and stock

dealer,
iv. George Hamilton,* b. July 30, 1850; res. Audoubon, Iowa ; farmer and

stock dealer; m. Annie Dykes of Gray, Iowa.
V. Mary Elizabeth.* b. Aug. 30, 1852; m.' Nov. 21, 1871, Thos. B. Roy of

San Geronimo, Cal.
vi. Phebe Jane,* b. Oct. 11, 1854; d. June 16, 1905; m. Dr. G. W. Darling of

Ryegate, q. v.
vii. William James,* b. July 27, 1858; m. June 1, 1887, Effie B. Hackett of

Manning, Iowa,
viii. Jessie Emily * b. Oct. 24, 1860; m. Dec. 24, 1885, W. J. Newell of Audou-
bon-. Iowa.
ix. Charles Wendell.* b. Nov. 18,1864; m. March 30, 1892, Clara Belle,
dau. Albert Hall of R. He d. Dec. 9, 1911. Ch. Harold Loudon, s
b. June 13. 1875.

4 Claudius,3 [called Cloud] (John,2 John.i) b. 1808. Lived in Mass. some

years; ret. to homestead; prominent in towm affairs, selectman, jus-
tice, and town rep., 1855-56. Sold his farm in R. and bought the
Bachop farm in Barnet. He d. Feb. 28, 1887. He m. 1st, 1842, Re-
becca Witham. who d. Jan. 5. 1849. They had two daus. Helen and
Abigail who d. y. 2d Louise [Lee] widow of John Abbott, who d.
Feb; 20. 1894.
Children :

5 i. Lee,* b. Feb. 8, 1853.

5 Lee,* b. Feb. 8, 1853; farmer on homestead. He m. Feb. 28. 1872. Mary
Ann, dau. Wm. Hunter. He d. Dec. 28, 1876, a short time after at-
tending the Centennial at Philadelphia, and making a trip to Iowa.
His \\idow m. 2d, Claudius Brock, q. v.
Children :
i. Clara Louise. ^ b. Barnet, Dec. 31, 1872; m. Joseph M. Moulton; res.
Rutland, Mass. 3 ch.

ALLEN STEWART, SR.

ARCHIBALD RITCHIE.

ALLEN STEWART, JR.

MARY MILLER STEWART.

.V YORK
LIBRARY

on, LtNOX AND
' N FOUNDATION*.

GENEALOGY — SOMERS. 531

ii. William Claudius, 5 b. Barnet.Nov. 15, 1874-; owns his grandfather's farm.
iii. Lee, 5 b. Barnet, Feb. 26, 1877; m. Oct. 30, 1901, Carolyn K., dau. Gil-
more Morrison. Res. So. Ryegate. Ch. (1) Leland Pliny, ^ b. March
25,1904. (2) D wight Lawrence, 6 b. Sept. 24, 1905. (3) Gwendo-
lyn,« b. May 18, 1907. (4) Beulah,6 b. Jan. 30, 1909. (5) Ruth
Viola,6 b. March 8, 1911.

STEWART.*

This family claims descent from a Norman, who came with William the Con-
querer and whose son became steward of Scotland in the early part of
the 12th century. The pioneer ancestor in America was Allan, i b.
about 1755 at Cromdale, on the Spey, Invernesshire, in the Scottish
Highlands. He was apprenticed to a tailor and was a member of Lt.
Col. Sir Alexander Campbell's Highland regiment. This regiment
was drafted for service in America at the beginning of the revolution-
ary war, and he was rejected on account of his low stature. He se-
creted himself on board the vessel, and was allowed to take his place
in the ranks. The vessel was captured by the Americans. Col. Camp-
bell was cent to the prison at Concord and afterward exchanged for
Ethan Allen. Stewart not being enrolled was kept in prison for some
time, but released on condition that he exercise his trade for the bene-
fit of his captors, which he did for four years. He then enlisted in the
Am. Army, credited to the town of Dunstaljle (now Nashua.) N. H.,
mustered July 6, 1780, into Capt. Proctor's Co. of Col. Cilley's reg.;
discharged Dec. 15, 1780. Served also in the army for the town of
Amherst from July 25, to Dec. 15, 1781. He settlecl in Dunstable; m.
Mary Berry, and in 1790 exchanged his property there for wild land
in Ryegate, where he removed that year, the land being the farm
afterward own^d. by Edward Miller, Sr., and later by James Miller.
In 1806 he built the house now standing on that farm. His wife d.
on the Jesse Heath farm about 1835, and he went to live with his son
John in Barton where he d. Jan. 28, 1846; both are bur. in Groton.
After July 25, 1832, he received a pension of $76 per an.
Children :
i. Mary, 2 m. Williain Craig, q. v.

ii. Francis, 2 m. Sally Bedell.

iii. Betsey, 2 m. Luke Higgins of Ryegate.

1 iv. Allan. 2 b. April 22, 1786.

2 V. John, 2 b. April 29, 1797.

vi. Margaret, 2 m. Sept. 28, 1811, Robert Armstrong who d. in the army in

the war of 1812.
vii. William W.,2 d. un-ni. at 27 years of age.
1 Alla.n,2 (Allan, 1) b. Dunstable (now Nashua) N. H., April 22, 1788. He m.
July, 1809, Mary, dau. Alexander Miller (b. Ryegate, Feb. 15, 1789;
d. April 27,1848.) They lived in R. till 1 815, rem. to Canada and
kept a grocery store near Quebec, 4 yrs. Ret. to R. and was a farmer
w here Mr Exley lives at So. Ryegate. building a log house on a knoll
south of the present buildings. His sons Allan aud Duncan bought
the farm and erected the present buildings. He m. 2d. Aug. 7, 1851,
Sarah Scales of Peacham and built a house near Quint's mill where he
d. Aug. 9, 1873. He was a member of the Covenanter ch. 62 yrs.
Children :
i. John Crawford, 3 b. Jan. 30, 1810; d. Jan. 9. 1814.
ii. Jean, 3 b. Julv 17, 1811 ; d. April 30, 1S16 in Canada.

iii. Mary 3 b. March 29, 1814; m. John Conant of Lowell, Mass. Ch. (1)
John Harlan,* who left a dau., Mrs. Lizzie Derbyshire of Lowell. (2)
Henry Allen (dea.) Noch.

By Mr. Mason and J. C. Stewart.

532 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT,

iv. Adeline. 3 b. May 30, 1816; m. Jan. 1, 1840, Morrill Ingalls. Lived at
So R., between Mr. Exiey's and the cemetery. Had a son Samuel,
who d. un.m.. and a dau. Ellen, who m. Wm. Sloane and had a son.
Both are dead. Mr. Ingalls d. at So. R., and she m. 2d, a Mr. Ab-
bott of Rumford, Me., and d. there Jan. 31, 1874-.
V. Margaret Allen. 3 b. Mav 22, 1818; m. as 2d w. Horace W.Stevens; d.

Oct. a. 1874.
vi. Jane Allen, 3 b. April 18, 1820; m. Norman Harris; d. in Lowell, Mass..

June 16, 1S44.
vii. Alexander Miller, 3 b- June 17, 1822; d. Oct. 11, 1832.

3 viii. Allan,3 b. Aug. 4, 1824.

4 ix. Duncan, 3 b. Feb, 4, 1826.

X. Eliza, 3 h. Jan. 1, 182S; d. Nov. 20, 1851.
xi. Nancy Mirier,3 b. March 21, 1829; d. Sept. 10, 184S.
xii. Lillias,3 b. Sept. 12, 1832; m as 1st w. Horace W. Stevens; d. Nov. 28.

1863. Ch. (1) Melissa,* who m. George Forbes. (2) Alonzo,* d.

un-m.

2 JoHN,2 (Allan,!) ^ Janet, dau. Alexander McDonald (b. April 29, 1797; d.

They settled in Barton. 6 ch. Allan, Alexander, William, Mary B.,
Eunice and Alvin.

4 Duncan, 3 (Allan, 2 .Allin,i) b. Feb 4, 1826. With his bro. Allan he bought

his father's firm, and built the house now standing on the premises.
Farmer there till 1860 when he rem. to Topsham and bought on
George Hill the farm now owned by Duncan McKay, which he sold in
1866, and opened a general store at E. Topsham with Jacob Mills,
Jr., as partner. In business there till 1880 when he ret. to a farm
where he d. Sept. 10, 1882. He m Sept. 20, 1849, Margaret, dau.
Archibald Ritchie (b. Kilmalcolm, Scotland, Oct. '.'2, 1830 ) Member
of Ref. Pres. ch. at Ryegate Corner and later at Topsham, in which he
was a ruling elder. After her husband d. she rem. to So. Ryegate,
then to Manchester, N. H., later to York, Me., where she d. Sept. 23,
1905. Member of Ref. Pres. ch while in Ryegate and Topsham and
of Cong. ch. York Village at time of death.

Children :

5 i. John Conant,* b. June 19, 1850

ii. Archibald Ritchie,-* b. April 1, 1852. d. Dec. 15, 1864.

Hi. Mary Elizabeth,-* b. May 19, 1858. ; m. Topsham, Oct. 9, 1883, Charles
B. Sturtevant, b. Barton. Vt., April 2, 1850 (son of Paschal and Lou-
ise A. [Harvey]), grad. Dartmouth Med. Coll., 1874; in practice at
New Boston, N. H., and Manchester. She d. Manchester, June 3,
1898. Ch. (1) Florence Anna.s b. April 4, 1886 ; grad. Manchester
High School and Bradford (Mass) Acad.; m. June 15, 1912. Harry
W. Taplin of Franklin, Mass.. gc. gt. gr. son of Col. John Taplin of
Newbury. (2) Edith .Margaret. ^ b. April 7, 1890; grad. Manchester
High School; teacher in kindergarten, So. Manchester. N. H.

3 Allan,3 (Allan. 2 Allan,!) b. Ryegate, Aug 4, 1824; m. Sept. 1859, CeciHa

Egbert; rem. to Livonia, N. Y.

Children :
i. IdaR.,*b. prob. Newbury, Sept. 1 1 , 1860; m. at Buffalo, N. Y., April
17, 1884, Harvev H. Curtiss (b. Geneseo, N. Y.. Dec. 30, 1848.)

ii. William H..-* b Livonia. N. Y., April 17.1868; res. Batavia,N. Y ; m. 1st,
Sept. 29, 1888, J. Lillian Mulligan (h. Jan. 28, 1868; d. Dec. 9,
1892.) 2d. Nov. 30, 1900. Mayme Florence Carnev, b. March 9,
1878. Ch. bylstm. (1) Margaret L ,5 b. Jan. 10, 1890. (2) Jen-
nie Frances. s b. April 4, 1892.

iii. Barstow J..4^b. March 9, 1878; m. Nov. 14, 1891. Rose Currv b. July 28.
1876. Ch. (1) Louise,* b. Feb. 29, 1892. (2) Allan,* b. July 6,
1893.

r *•

DUNCAN STEWART.

MRS. MARGARET ( RITCHIE) STEWART.

CHARLES B. STURDEYANT, M. D.

MRS. MARY E. STURDEYANT.

GENEALOGY — STEWART. 533

John Conant,^ (Duncan, 2 Allan, i) b. Rjegate, June 19. 1850; ed. select
schools in Topsham and Peacham Acad. Grad. Dartmouth College,
June, 1873, teaching while in college. Studied medicine with Dr. Jas-
per J. Hazen at York, Me.; grad. Dartmouth Med. Coll. June, 1876
as valedictorian of his class. In practice at York, Me., 11 yrs.; in
1877, \vent into a transportation business between Portsmouth, N.
H., and Cape Niddock, Me. Surveyeil the York Harbor and Beach
R, R. In business of various kinds alone and with partners, insur-
ance, banking and real estate ; is a director in several railroad com-
panies, also has copper interests in .'\rizona. and in manufacturing near
home. Trustee and treasurer of Children's Heart Work Society of
Maine and member and director of the Civic League of Alaine. Be-
gan to study law, 1888; ad. to the Vjar June, 1895, in practice Y'ork
Village. Member of several benevolent and historical societies and
benevolent fraternities; member of Royal Arcanum, Knights of Pyth-
ias and has high rank in Masonry : holds high office in the Order of
the Golden Cross ; identified with the Good Templars and has trav-
eled all over Maine in the interest of temperance work. State senator
1891-92 in which he was chairman of committee on temperance;
mem. of committee on Banks and Banking and others. Has held
various town and county offices, and served as delegate to several
Republican Conventions, temperance and medical assemblies. At
present writing, Sept. 1912, he is a candidate for Presidential elector

STUART.

Claudius.! b. Rosebury. near Glasgow; came to Am. i:i 1775, in the last
vessel sailing froiii Scotland before the Ameiicanwar. He reached
New York June 22, 1/75; lived in Old Hadley, Mass., one year; came
to Newbury and settled on the farm now owned by John S. Bone,
which he named Rosebury, after his home in Scotland. He lived there
about two yrs.. then bought land of Col. Harvey in Barnet. still the
homestead of the family. His father was also named Claudius and
was a tallow chandler. Died in V\ est Barnet aged 100 yrs. and four
mths., and bur. in Stuart ccm.; name of wife on head stone.
Children:

Betsey, 2 b. Glasgow ; m. Robert Brock of Barnet.
Walter, 2 never m.
James, 2 m. Dorcas Fuller,
iv. William, 2 went to Jamaica as a surgeon from Glasgow ;• came to America
on a visit about 1805 ; started to go to Lyman \vith his bro. James,
and in crossing the river at Mclndoes one of the horses which was in
the boat put his foot through the bottom, which caused the boat to
sink, and Dr. Stu irt and his brother were drowned. Both bur. in Stu-
art cem.
V. Marion 2 tn. Col. Rankin of Danville,
vi. Alexander. 2
vii. John, 2 m. Wealthy Willey, gt. grandmother of Horace F. Graham

of Craftsbury. State Auditor.
Alexander, 2 (Claudius i) b. 1768; came to America with pnrents; settled
on part of the land which his father bought where he lived and died ;
m. vSarah, dau. John Abbott, b. .March 22, 1772. He d. 1840.
Children :
i. Walter.3 b. May 13, 1794; m. Rachel McKinlev in 1822.
ii. Tob,3 b. Aug. 10. 1790; m. Mary Blanchard, 1820.
iii. William, 3 b. Aug. 22, 1798.
iv. John. 3 b June 22. 1800; m. Betsey Brock. 4 ch. all living. Cloud, James,

Hannah and Sarah A.
V. Janet, 3 b. March 30, 1807; m. Reuben Hight.

534 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Ti. Pliebe,3 m. Theodore Farrow.

Yii. Alexander, 3 b. Aug. 8, 1S14; m. Helen Strobridge.
2 William. 3 ) Alexander, 2 Claudius, 1) b. Aug- 22, 1798; farmer on homestead;
captain in old militia. He m. by Rev. James Milligan Jan. 4, 1822,
lane, dau. Alexander Whitelaw, half brother of Gen. James White-
law, in whose familv she was reared (b. Dec. 26,1803; d. Alay 15,
1875.) He d. April 1, 1879.
Children :
i. Sarah,* b. Oct. 8,1822; m. March 7, 1854, Ira S. Dickey of Wayland,
Mass. Shed. May 8, 1894. Ch, William, ^ and Eliza Jane, 5 both
dead.

ii. Charles,-* b. June 7, 1825. m. Dec. 23, 1852, Lois. dau. William Gray.
They went to Osceola. 111., in 1855, started a village named Stuart
about the year 1870 in Iowa. He d. June 9, 1889, at Osceola. Ch.
William, 5 Isabel. 5 and Elizabeth, ^ who m. John Beattie of Ryegate.

iii. Alexander Hamilton,* b. 1830; d. Feb. 11, 1843.

iv. William,* b. May 29, 1833. Had his right arm cut off in a threshing ma-
chine, 1854. Owns the John Stuart farm in Barnet. He m. Mrs.
Emeline (Wesson) Parker of Phillipston, Mass., who d. Jui e 20, 1880.
Ch. (1) Emeline J. ,5 b. July 16, 1886. (2) Abigails b. Dec. 1868; m.
Henry Baf'ger of W. Danville.

V. Mary Jane,* b. Oct. 3, 1836 ; died May 27, 1873.

vi. Marion,* b. March 17. 1838 ; edu. Peacham and St. J.Acads. Teacher
40 yrs, first near home then among the freed men in the south four
yrs.; then in the Juvenile Asylum, N. Y. City for many years, except
for a few years in Chicago; ret. to Barnet, res. with her sister in New-
bury for a time, but d. in Barnet on the homestead Aug. 26, 1910.
Member of Episcopal ch.

vii. Abbie H.,*b, Sept. 7,1843; m. Aprils. 1891, John Smith, a prominent
farmer and business man of West Newbury (b. June 21, 1832; d.
March 22, 1910) She d. at Brightlook Hospital, March 14. 1910;
Bur. at W. Newbury,
viii. George,* b. May 7, 1847: farmer on homestead and res. at St. Johns-
bury. He m. Sarah, dau. James Ritchie of Greensboro. Ch James
Hamilton (of Mclndoes) and Mary Alice who died May 27, 1875.

SYMES.

Alexander,! b. in Scotland ; came to Ryegate in May, 1774, and was the first
who brought a family into the town. He was one of the Scotch Com-
pany and m the list is put down as belonging to the " Barony Parish of
North Kenmuir, Glasgow," and bvtrade a "gardener." He purchased
the land owned in 1860 by Wm. J. Gibson and now by Wesson Sar-
gent. No list of chil. can be had. One was Campbell, q. v. Another
Agnes, m. James Henderson. .Alexander Symes and his wife are be-
lieved to have been original members of the Ass. Pres. ch. He is sup-
posed to have d. in 1787 and his wife in 1790, or about that time.
Both bur. in the "Old Scotch Cemetery."

Campbell,^ ( Alexander, i) b. Paisley, 1757; came to America with parents.
He was m. at Newbury, Dec. 20, 1788, b3' Rev. Jacob Wood, to Abi-
gail Doyen, sister of John Doyen who settled in Ryegate. They came
from Pembroke, N, H., and settled on the farm now owned by the
Brock Bros. The Doyens were a Scotch-Irish family. He d. April 27,
1829; she d. 1836; bur. in Blue Mt. Cemetery.
Children :
i. Abigail,3 b. Oct. 16, 1787; m. 1st, Jan. 8, 1833, by Rev. Wm. Pringle,
Capt. Ephraim Morse of Craftsbury, who d. 2d, 1840, Jonas Tucker
of West Newbury, who d. March 23, 1856. She ret. to Ryegate and
d. Dec. 14, 1881 ; bur. in Oxbow Cem., Newbury.

2

111.

iv.

3

V.

4

vi.

5

vii.

6

viii.

7

ix.

GENEALOGY — SYMES. 535

Agnes, 3 b. Jtilv 20. 1791 ; m. William Buchanan, q. v.
Alexander,3 b^ Nov. 13, 1792.
Iarnes,3b.Julv2. 1794; d. 1813.
Robert, 3 b. April 7, 1796.
Campbell,3 b. Nov, 9, 1797.
William, 3 b. July 14, 1799.
Tohn H.,3b. Oct. 4, 1801.
David.3b.July 24, 1803.
X. Daniel, 3 b. Jan. 17, 1806. School teacher in Kentucky where he d,
xi. Timothy, 3 b. Jan. 31, 1807. Lived and d. near Baltimore, Md. Has one

dau. there now.
xii. Margaret Jane, 3 b. April 18, 1815; m. George Donaldson, q. v.
Alexander, 2 (Campbell. 2 Alexander,!) b. Nov. 13, 1792; m. May 4, 1819,
Margaret Gilfillan. He d. Sept. 4, 1865 ; she d. March 2, 1885.
Children :
i. Margaret Janet.* b. Dec. 13, 1820; m. Oct. 1, 1846, James H. Mclntire.
ii. Abigail,^- b. Feb. 24, 1826; d. May 27, 1836.
iii. Caroline H,* b. July 12, 1828; m. Nov. 30, 1848, Wm. Mclntire; d.

April 27, 1856.
iv. Rebecca,* b. March 18, 1831 ; d. May 16, 1853.
V. James Renwick,* b. Sept. 4, 1833.
vi. Josiah * b. May 7, 1836 ; d. July 13, 1874.
vii. Charles H.,* b. Feb. 11, 1838 ; not in the Symes record,
viii. Harriet Alma,* b. Nov. 10, 1842 ; d. June 4, 1865.
Robert, 3 (Campbell, 2 Alexander,i) b. April 7, 1796; farmer; his farm is
now owned by Wesson Sargent ; also an excellent mechanic, building
his house in 1824. One of the leading, active and influential men of
the town. Orderly Sergeant in the old militia, chosen captain of the
light infantry when formed in 1826, drilled the men but did not take
out a commission being a Covenanter. He became a member of the
Ref Pres. at So. Ryegate, and was an elder there many years. Left
them and united with the United Pres. ch. about 1855, and installed
an elder Oct. 16,1856. Was also precentor many years. He was a
tall and very active man. He m. Jan. 24, 1826, Jane, dau. Robert
Hall (b. April 1 1, 1808 ; d. July 26, 1881.) He d. Jan. 5, 1880
Children :
i. Sarah Maria,* b. June 24, 1827; d. Oct. 2. 1853.
ii. Lucinda Jane,* b. July 24, 1828; m. Jan. 1, 1859, Alexander McLaren of

Barnet; d. Dec. 31', 1903.
iii. Mary Ann,* b. April 22, 1830; m. Jan. 16, 1866, Carlos Gilbert; d. Sept.

1903.
iv. Horace K.,*b. Jan. 7, 1832; m. 1859, Carrie White; d. July 2, 1861.
V. John H.,*b. Dec. 5, 1833.

vi. Algernon S.,* b. Feb. 22, 1836; d. Sept. 8, 1859.
vii. Henriette,* b. March 8, 1 838 ; d. April 17, 1890.
viii. Abigail.* b. Dec, 6, 1840: m. Wm. A. Vance, q. v.
ix. Cynthia,* b. Oct. 1. 1843; m. Oct. 15, 1867, by Rev. G. M. Wiley, Wm.

John McDuff; d. April, 1910.
X. Oscar,*b. Jan. 31. 1847; m. 1872, Julia Wells ; d. May 31, 1891.
xi. Kate McAdam,* b. May 29, 1851 ; m. April 4, 1883, Charles Brock; res.

Denver, Col,
Campbell,3 {Campbell,2 Alexander.i) b. Nov. 9, 1797; m. Dec. 28, 1824, by
Rev. Jas. Milligan, Phebe Johnson. Farmer. Members Ref Pres. ch.
He d. 1854; she d. April 12, 1879.
Children :
i. William James,* b. Dec. 22, 1825; m. March 6, 1856, Marion, dau. John

Anderson, b. May 3, 1836. Res. Rvegate.
ii. Samantha R.,* b, Sept. 18, 1827 ; m. William Whitehill, q. v.
iii. Jacob P.,* b. Sept. 10, 1831 ; m. ab. 1860 Huldah Beach; d. 1907.

536 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT,

iv. Sarah Elizabeth,* b. 1834; d. in ch.
V. Emmaline* b. June 23, 1838; m. 1864, Wm. Merrill.

5 WiLLiAM,3 (Campbell, 2 Alexander,i) b. Ryegate, July 14, 1799; m. 1827'
Janet Robertson, dau. Mrs. Wm. Henderson by 1st m. (b. Balfron,
Scot., April 5, 1808. They moved to Monroe, where their house was
burned in 1842, with 2 chil. in it. Ret. to Ryegate and lived on the
James Nelson place; rem. to Lunenburg, thence to Duxbury, Mass.; d.
Oct. 16, 1895.
Children all born in Ryegate.
i. Catharine,* burned to death in their house in Monroe.
ii. Jeanette,*b. June 14, 1830; m. Frederick Marker, a German, Jan. 29,

1874. He d. 1893. Res. in Wayne Co., Mich,
iii. James Robertson,* b. Sept. 18, 1831; enhsted in Co. I, 3d Vt. Reg. in
1861 ; served 3 yrs. He m. 1860, Arabella Frances Drew. 3 ch. Res.
Boston, Mass.
iv. Isabel,* burned to death in Monroe.
V. Gilbert,* b. March 23, 1833 ; d. 1 846.

vi. William H.,* b. Nov. 6, 1837; enlisted in the 45th Mass., in the civil war ;
served in No. Carolina. He m. 1st, Sept. 13, 1866, JuHa V., dau.
Robert,2 (Alexander,i) Miller (b. Sept. 27,1840; d. Dorchester. Mass.,
June 17, 1876.) Bur. Blue Mt. Cem. 2d, Mary E. McKay of Salem,
Mass., who d. a year later. 3d, Mrs. Josephine Manchester. She d.
Oct. 16, 1895.
vii. Agnes H.,* b. May 21, 1840 ; d. April 16, 1884.

viii. Jeanette,* b. March 2, 1843; res. Barton and Mich. Res. Ryegate 1885,

caring for her aunts.

ix. Albert A. C.,* b Nov. 6, 1846; served in Reg., in the civil war;

mortally wounded at the battle of Cold Harbor, June 3, and June 26,

1864. at David's Island, near New York and bur. in Greenwood cem.

X. Robert A. Hill,* b. Dec. 1849; d. 1868.

Infant.* (twin to above) d. two days later.

6 John Henderson, s (Campbell, 2 Alexander,i) b. Ryegate, Oct. 4, 1801 ; stud-

ied theology in a Philadelphia Seminary; licensed byPhila. Presbytery,
May 22, 1827 ; entered Dartmouth Coll. and grad. 1830. Home Miss.
2 yrs. Pastor Ref. Pres. ch. Cumberland, Md.. 1845, '62; chaplain of
2d Maryland Vols., in the Union army, 1862 to end of the war; pas-
tor 1st Pres. Ch. Camhahocken, Penn.. from Nov. 16, 1867, till death
Nov. 28, 1874. He m. by Rev. Mr. Wylie, March 7, 1833, Catharine
McAdam of Philadelphia.

7 David,3 (Campbell,2 Alexander i) b. July 24, 1803 ; m. Oct. 29, 1829, by Rev,

Mr. Sweaton, Mary Wilson of Ballston, N. Y. Time of death un-
known. His farm is now owned by Wesson Sargent and the house
built about 1828.
Children :
i. John Wilson,* b. Sept. 2, 1830; m, July 28, 1875, Jennette Burr. He d.

Feb. 4, 1907; shed. 1890.
ii. William Angus,* b. April 24, 1833 ; d. July 20, 1905.
iii, Mary Angefica,* b. July 4, 1835 ; m. D. S. Carrick.
iv Edwin,* b. Feb. 17, 1838; d. Sept. 26. 1861 .
V. Timothy,* b. March 8, 1841 ; d. June, 1864.
vi David,* b. March 24, 1844.

vii. Catherine Margaret,* b. Oct. 20, 1846; m. E. E. Webster,
viii. David,* b. March 24, 1848.
ix. Joseph Shearer* b. July 24, 1849 ; d. Sept. 7, 1885.

8 John H.,* (Robert, 3 Campbell,^ Alexander,i) b. Dec. 5, 1833; farmer; enlisted

in 45th Mass.. in the civil war. He m. Jan. 16, 1866, Phebe, dau. A.
H. Brock. Farmer on part of homestead. The present house was
built bv Robert Symes.

GENEALOGY — SYMES. 537

Children :
i. Robert Harvey, ^ b. July 15, 1867; res. Wells River,
ii. Richard, 5 b. Feb. 7, 1869; d. Dec. 10, 1871.
iii. George Hall, 5 b. June 13, 1870; m. Feb. 17, 1902, Gertrude Swetman.

Res. Wells River. In automobile bus. with his brother,
iv. Edward Erwin.s b. Nov. 7, 1871 ; ni. Nov. 7, 1893, Ida E. Holmes.
V. Arabella,5 b. Aug. 24. 1873 ; m. April 19, 1899. Geo. Gebbie, q. v.
vi. Horace Sidney. 5 b. March 23. 1877; m. Sept. 25,1901, Hannah M., dau.

Edwin Holmes; d. Jan 26, 1908. Ch. (1) Charlotte.s (2) Ethel.e
vii. LillaJane,5 b. Dec. 13, 1878; m. 1st, Sept. 4, 1902, George C. Corliss,

who d. May 13, 1905. 2d. Dec. 1910, George Murphy,
viii. Ethel Janet, 5 b. July 28, 1882; m. Feb. 2, 1905, Colin McDonald of Rye-
gate ; farmer on the " old Leitch place."
ix. Wilbur Henry,5 b. May 13, 1884; grad. Cornell Univ. Jfune 1909; m.

Oct. 1912, Bessie Gregory of Marion, 3 , where they reside.
X. Arthur John, 5 b, Dec. 15, 1885.

TAPLIN.

I. Col. John Taplin,i b. Charlestown, Mass., 1727. Captain of a com-
pany of troopers in the Crown Point Expedition from Southborough,
Mass., 1756 ; in same war with rank of Colonel 1757-58. Grantee of
Haverhill, N. H.; settled in Newbury 1764. Judge of Court of Com-
mon Pleas; grantee of Corinth and settled there. He m. Hepzibah
Brigham (b. 1731 ; d. Dec. 27, 1815.) From them are descended some
of the best known families in the state. He d. Nov. 9, 1803. 10 ch.
II. Charles, 2 6th ch. Farmer in Corinth; m. Martha Chamberlin. 10 ch.
III. Mansfield, 3 2d ch. Farmer in Corinth ; m. Elizabeth Rowe. 6 ch.
IV) Jacob,'* farmer in Topsham ; m. Nancy Cilley. 5 ch.
V. Charles H.,^ (Jacob, ■*■ Mansfield, ^ William, 2 Col. John,i) farmer with
his father in Topsham till the death of parents. Rem. to R. Feb. 1903,
having bought the farm of F» J. Doe between So. R. and the Corner,
"the old McLure place." He m. Oct. 26, 1881, Margaret Sophia,
dau. James McLam.
Children all b. in Topsham.
i. Linwood James, ^ b. Dec. 24, 1882; grad. Montpelier Sem. 1903. Res.
Northfield, Vt.; asst. cashier Northfield Nat. Bank. He m. Oct. 12,
1909 Evelyn Newton Grove of Somerville. Mass.
ii. Edgar. 6 b. Oct. 3, 1885; Edu. in Topsham and So. Ryegate schools;

farmer with his father,
iii. Arthur Ernest, 6 b. June 7, 1892; edu. Wells River H. S.; grad. Norwich

Univ., 1912. Civil Engineer in No. Carolina,
iv. Ethelyn Irene, ^ b. July 24, 1897 ; attending Newbury High School.

TAYLOR.

Archibald,! came from Kitts. Erskine Parish. Renfrewshire, Scotland. He
m. Mary Ferguson, sister to John Ferguson the first miller at Bolton-
ville. They came to Ryegate, Feb. 1. 1775, and took possession of
Lot. No. 113. He was one of the Scots- American Co., and a cooper
by trade. He lived on the farm on which John Whitcher afterward
long lived and now owned by A. M. Whitelaw. He d. Nov. 22, 1785 ;
she d. about 1820 ; they are buried on their own farm near the New-
bury line.

Know all men by these presents that I. James Whitelaw of Ryegate in
the County of Orange and State of Vermont, agent for the Scotch American
Company of Farmers hereby bond and oblige myself that if Archibald Tay-
lor will oblige himself, his Heirs and Assigns to pay whatever Taxes or Pub-
lic Burdens may he laid on Lots No 108. 109, 110, 111 and 112 of the South
Division of Ryegate, he shall have the peaceable possession of them, without
any molestation, till the proper owner of said lots either comes to them or

538 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, YEKMONT.

sends orders concerning them, — and said Taylor hereby binds and obliges
himself his Heirs and Assigns that whenever the proper owner either comes
or sends any person to take up his lots, he will then forever quit and relin-
quish all his titles and pretensions to said lots and improvements.

In Witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands and seals this 15th
day of May, 1783.

Signed, sealed and

delivered in the 'amks Whitelaw,

presence of us, Archibald Taylor.

James Henderson,

Andrew Brock. [Whitelaw Papers.]

On the 31st of March, 1795. Matthew Park, late farmer in Langhaugh,in
the Parish of Erskine, nov^^ of Paisley, constituted John Holmes of Kilmal-
colm, and Alexander Holmes of Inchinnan, attorneys to sell Lots 110 and
111 and Robert McKenzie, farmer, late of Glenshinoek, Erskine, constituted
the same as attorneys to sell Lot 112, all in the south division.

On the 20th of July followiug, these men conveyed to John, James and
Archibald Taylor, " heirs of the late Archibald Taylor," the three lots above
mentioned. [Town Records.]

Children : The oldest born in Scotland,
i. Mary, 2 b. March 4-, 1764; m. Dea. Andrew Brock, q. v.

1 ii. John. 2 b. 1757.

iii. Jean. 2 b. 1770; m Jonathan Gates, q. v.

2 iv. Archibald, 2 b. 1773.

3 V. James, 2 b. Ryegate, 1776.

1 JoHN,2 (Archibald,!) b. Scotland, 1773 ; d. 1818; m. Martha (called Aunt

Patty) Hunt.
Children :
i. lohn F.,3b. Jan. 22, 1792.
ii. William W.,-^ b. March 19, 1793.

iii. Elizabeth, 3 b. Nov. 24, 1794; m. Walter S. Wright, q. v.
iv. Marv,3 b. lune 13, 1798.
V. Archibald, 3 b. Julv 23, 1802.
vi. Robert B.,3 b. Sept. 10, 1808,

2 Archibald, 2 ( Archibald, i) b. Scotland, 1773. Came to Ryegate with par-

ents; m. Feb. 16, 1802, Janet, dau. Wm. Craig (b. March 26, 1783.)

In 1816 they were living near Auburn, N. Y.
Children :
i. Margaret,3 b. Dec. 4, 1802.
ii. Mary, 3 b. Feb. 12, 1805; m. 1st, ab. 1827, Moses Emerson b. (in Maine,

1803.) Thev separated and she m. ab. 1844, Daniel Cash, and d. ab.

1867. Ch. by 1st m. (1) Alma,^ b. 1829; m. Jonathan Randall.

(2) Janet,'ib. Sept. 7,1830; m. March 9, 1852, Wm. H. Page. (3)

Nancy.*

4 iii. William,'3 b. April 6, 1807.

iv. Catherine. 3 b. Nov. 9, 1810; m. William Kendall of Dunstable, Mass.
V. Robert,3 b. Aug. 27, 1813.
7 James, 2 (Archibald, i) b. Ryegate, 1776, the first male child b. in this town.
Lived near Boltonville and was a carpenter. He was quite a char-
acter and composed rhymes, also humorous pieces one of which upon
a ball at the opening of the factory at Boltonville. is preserved. He
m. by Rev. David Sutherland, Feb. 9, 1804, Lydia, dau. Abraham
Alexander of Groton. He d. about 1834, and she m. 2d, Enoch Nel-
son of Newbury and d. 1857.
Children -
i. Archibald Crawford, 3 b. Aug. 4, 1806. Never m.
ii. Jean. 3 b. Sept. 11, 1809 ; m. Nathaniel Knight, q. v.
iii. Eliza, 3 (twin to Jean) m. John Collins.

iv. David Sutherland, 3 b. Oct. 17, 1811 ; m. Sarah Ann Hunt.
V. Rose.3b. April 22, 1814; m. William Belknap.

vi. Ebenezer,3b. March 29, 1817; d. Maiden, Mass., Feb. 2, 1892; m. Abi-
gail Durant.

GENEALOGY— TAYLOR, 539

yii. Mary Ann,^ b. Sept. 14, 1819; m. Anna Wardwell Chamberlin.
viii. William, 3 went to iVlassachusetts.
ix. George. 3 lived in Franklin, N. H.
X. Caroline. 3 m. Alvah Banks of Corinth.

William. 3 (Archibald,2 Archibald,i) b. April 6, 1807; d. July 2, 1871; m.
Mary, dau. Alexander Holmes (b. Sept. 10, 1798; d. Feb. 4, I860.)
Children :
i. J.-inet,* b. June 6, 1831.
ii. Mary Jane,* b. Aug. 3, 1832.

iii. Matthew Holmes,* b. Nov. 20,1834; m. May 22, 1869, Jenny Lind,
dau. Josiah and Rachel (Orr) Emery. He d. 1878.
Children :
i. Joseph William, 5 b. Nov. 16, 1870; m. March 7, 1900, Margaret McKin-
non of Boston. Ch. (1) Jenny Lind, e b. Sept. 23, 1901. (2) Lauch-
lin McKinnon.s b. Sept. 14, 1902.
ii. Charles Daniel, ^ b. April 27, 1873 ; learned the stone cutter's trade at St.
Johnsbury, and was for the last six yrs. of his life foreman at South
KvegateforM. H. Gibson. He d. May 1, 1904. Ch. (1) William
Harold. 6 b. July 15, 1902. (2) Charlena Ida.e b. Jan. 18, 1905
iii. Lillian Belle, 5 b. Sept. 22, 1877; d. April 23,1912; m. WiUiam Thomp-
son, q. V.

THOMAS.

William! Thomas of Rye, N. H., who was a grantee of Ryegate under the
Wentworth charter, m. it is believed, Maria Matthews and d. ab.
1794. He never lived in R. but his sons James and John received his
land, amounting to 230 to 250 acres.

Mr. Mason says that John and James Thomas came here in 1798,
and the latter's name first appears on the Grand List of that year,
but the following account in Col. Frye Bayley's account book pre-
served in the library at Newbury seems to imply that John was here
several years before that time.

Newbury, Feb. 2, 1779.

I have this day agreed to let John Thomas of Ryegate have ten ewe sheep
and he is to keep them four years and return to me in the month of June an-
nually, one pound of washed wool for each sheep, and at the end of four
years he is.to return me the sheep if alive, or as many others in good market-
able condition, and one-third of their increase.

James,2 (William,!) b. at or near Rye, N. H., June 12, 1764; m. Margaret
Clemonds, (b. Aug. 25, 1768) ; came to R3'egate, 1798 and settled on
land which he bought of his bro. John. He d. Ryegate, Dec. 6, 1831 ;
she d. in Lunenburg, Oct. 12, 1848.
Children ,
i. Polly, 3 b. Rye, Feb. 2. 1792; m. Walter Roben q. v.
ii. John, 3 b. Rye, Sept. 22, 1793; d. un-m. 1867 at Ryegate.
iii. William, 3 b. Rye, Jan. 20, 1796: went west in 1819.
iv. Sarah. 3 b. Rye, 1798; d. at 23.

v. Anna, 3 called Nancy, b. Ryegate, Aug. 26, 1800; m. Daniel McDonald,
vi. James, 3 b. July 16, 1802.'

beth, dau. Alexander Cochran,
vii. Archibald, 3 b. June 4, 1804; d. Dec. 12, 1806.
viii. Margaret, 3 b. Oct. 27, 1806; d. Aug. 25, 1815.
ix. Eliza,3 b. July 17, 1809: d. Aug. 31, 1862; m. John R. Scales. 4 ch.,
who all d. in Sept. 1853, and are bur. with their mother at Lunenburg.
John, 2 (William.!) came from Rye, N. H,, before 1795, and bought the farm
afterwards owned by his son Joshua. He m. Judith, sister of Moses
and aunt to the late Wells Goodwin. Served in the war of 1812,
and d. at home of disease contracted in the army.

540 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children (dates of birth from town records.)
i. William, 3 b. Dec. 1, 1793. Is said to have served in the w^ar of 1812;

came home and staid awhile, was taken and shot as a deserter,
ii. John, 3 b. June 1, 1795. Mr. Miller says he m. Eliza McDonald, lived in
Sheffield or Wheelock, had twin sons who m. twin sisters, both mar-
riages on the sanie day.
iii. Judith, 3 b. Dec. 4, 1796 ; m. James Gray of Sheffield,
iv. Polly, 3 b. Nov. 28, 1798; m. John Berrv of Sheffield.

2 V. Joshua,3b. March 1, 1801.

vi. Hiram, 3 b. June 20, 1803 ; went to Boston,
vii. Abigail, 3 b. March 22, 1805 ; went to Cal.
viii. Margaret, 3 b. Feb. 7, 1807 ; d. in N. Y. City,
ix. Abram,3 b. May 31, 18l)9; d. ab. 1883; m. a Miss Kemp of Haverhill.
X. Archibald, 3 b. June 16, 1811 ; went to Montana.
1 James,3 (James, 2 William. ,i) b. Ryegate, July 16, 1802; farmer, and captain
in the old militia. He m. March 1, 1832, Elizabeth A., dau. Alexander
Cochran (b. Ryegate, Jan. 27, 1814; d. Lunenburg, Dec. 2,1898).
They rem. to Lunenburg in 1842, buying a large farm on Connecticut
river,where they lived hill his death, Nov. 4, 1873. The farm was then
sold and she lived with her children, going to the far west in old age
to visit her sons. Member of Pres ch. in Ryegate, and of the Cong,
ch. at Lunenburg.
Children :
i. Martin W.,4 b. Ryegate, Jan. 9, 1833; d. July 17, 1882, He m. 1st,
Anna Green. One son, Od;ir, w^ho res. Glassport, Penn. 2d, Elizabeth
Turner. One s. Fred, who res. in New York City.

3 ii. Palmer,'* b. Ryegate, July 16, 1835.

iii. Lewis> b. July 16, 1837; m. Clara WiUiams of Lyman, N. H. He en-
listed 1st, Oct. 29, 1861, in Co. A, 7th N. H., dis. July 28, 1863. 2d,
Dec. 1, 1863 in Co. K, 8th Vt.; dis. and ret. home. He d. in Lunen-
burg of disease contracted in the army Aug. 16, 1864.
V. Susan,* b Ryegate, Feb. 28, 1840; m. 1860, WilHam A. Folsom of Lan-
caster, N. H., where she d. May 23, 1899. Ch. (I) Alice E.,* a stenog-
rapher, Nat. Life Ins. Co., Montpelier, Vt. (2) Percy James,* res.
Chicago.
vi. Henry,* b. Lunenburg, Oct. 7, 1842 ; d. Dec. 31, 1850.

vii. Raymond,* b. Lunenburg, Aug. 26, 1845; m. Roxy Snow. One dau.,
Mattie They went to No. Dakota, 1885. In fruit and confectionery
bus. at Portland, No. Dak., till d. Jan. s, 1903. She d. Aug. 1904.
viii. Oscar,* 1). Lunenburg, July 1 1, 1848 ; enlisted Dec. 1863 at the age of 15
yrs five mos. in the 8th Vt.; soon prom, corporal and served till the
close of the war, having many narrow escapes being in several battles.
He m. 1st. Hattie Silsby of Lunenburg, who d. 1874, 2d, Flora Bar-
ton of Maiden Rock, W is., who d. 1888. 3d, Mrs. Maude Wait. He
d. *. hinook, Montana. Nov. 23, 1 900. Three ch. by first w, of whom
only one sur.. Mrs. Henry Curtis of Stratford, N. H.
ix. Kate L ,* b. Lunenburg, Dec. 20, 1851 ; m. Jan. 1872, Henry F. Warren

of L. Merchant. No chil.
X. William,* b. Lunenburg, April, 19, 1853 ; now in telephone bus. at Mill-
bank, So. Dak. He m. May 3, 1878, Frances A. Hall of Springfield,
Mass Chil. George and Donald.
2 JosHUA,3 (John, 2. William,!) b. March 1, 1801 ; m. Sarah Maria, dau. Robert
G. Allen.
Children (dates and names from town records.)
i. Eliza Jane,* b. June 14, 1832 ; d. Feb. 25, 1834.
ii. Sarah lane,* b. Sept 8, 1834.
iii. Martha Ann,* b. lune 7, 1836.
iv. Isabel,* b. May 6,'l838.
V. Lucina.* b. Aug. 21, 1837.
vi. Arvilla,* b. May 30. 1841.

GENEALOGY — THOMAS. 541

vii. Frank,* b. Aug. 3. 1845 ; killed at the battle of Lee's Mills, April 15
1862. Alem. Co. F, 3d Vt.

Palmer, 3 (James, ^James.i) b. Ryegate, Jan., 16, 1835; -^-ent to Wis. about
184-9, and lived at Maiden Kock till he enlisted in 1862, in Co. A, 20th
Wis., and served till the end of the war. Began farming in the '" Big
Woods," then storekeeping some years ; then in failing health, kept a
small farm till death. He m. 1st, Augusta Snow of Lunenburg, who
d. at Ono, Wis., July 11, 1873. He m. 2d. at Ono, Nov. 18.1874,
Etta v., dau. Capt. Robert Gibson (b. Ryegate, Aug. 12, 1838.) He
d. at Ono, April 11, 1900, and bur. there.
Children :
i. Elsie.4 b. Nov. 12,1875; m. at Ono, Nov. 11,1898, John Carmichael.
Ch. Donald, 2 and Lynn. 5 The latter d. at six mos. of age.

ii. Brunet,* b. Feb. 12, 1878 ; m. March 7. 1898, at Ono, George Martin (b.
1872.) Ch. Richard, 5 and Dorothy. 5

iii. Kate,4-q. July 12, 1880; m. at Maiden Rock, Wis., May 11, 1903, G.
Porter Smith (Sept. 4, 1880 ) Ch. Gilbert P.,5 and R. Maxwell. 5

THOMAS.

Abra' am and Rebecca (Barker) Thomas came from Andover, Mass,, and set
tied in Bath. Their son John, a blacksmith at Bath, m. Jan. 11'
184;^ Mary, dau. John Peach of Newbury (b. 1816; d. March 22'
1857). He d. May 2, 1850, and she moved to West Newbury, and is
bur. on Jefferson Hill.
Children, Peach and Lydia.

The latter m. Feb. 18. 1867, C. A. Newman of Lunenburg; rem to Austin,
Minn., now reside in Orange, Cal. 3 sons, 2 daus.

Peach,! Thomas, b. Bath, Oct. 10, 1843; m. July 15, 1868, Mary Jane, dau.
Alden and Irene (Prescott) Tucker of Newbury. Farmer on Jefferson
hill; rem. to So. Ryegate; is also dealer in livestock; selectman,
1906-07. Mrs. Thomas d. Sept. 22, 1905.
Children :
i. John, 2 b. Newbury, Feb. 28, 1872; grad. March 25. 1897, from the Am.
Vet. Coll., N. Y. City; practicing veterinarian at Wells River. He m.
Oct. 25, 1880, Annie, dau. James D. Grant (b. Vinalhaven, Me., July

22, l.'-74.) Ch. James Grant. 3 b. Sept. 7, 1911.

i. Horace T.,^ b. Newbury, Aug, 9, 1874; grad. in a course of Mechanical
Engineering from Mich. State Agri.. Coll Chief engineer and a stock-
holder in the K. E. O. Motor Car Co., Lansing. .Mich. He m. Oct. 2,
1906, Blanche Elizabeth Freeman of Grand Rapids. Mich. Ch. (1)
Marv Josephine, 3 b. Dec. 13,1909. (2) Alden Peach.^b. June 17,1911.

iii. Jessie lfene,2 b. Nov. 18, 1877; d. Julv 20, 1879.

iv. Son, 2 b. April 28; d. May 20, 1881.
V. Son, 2 (twin to above,) d. May 14, 1881.

vi. Charles P., 2 b. Ryegate, Oct. 5, 1886; grad. from .Mich. State Agri. Coll.
(Mechanical Dept.) June 11 ; enip. by the R. E. O. Alotor Car Co.,
Lansing, Mich.

THOMPSON.

William, b. Derby, Vt. Came to R. while young and was foreman on the W.
W. Wright farm for several years. Bought the M. R. Gray farm at
the Corner, Road commissioner in R. 9 vrs. April 1909, supervisor
of roads for Caledonia Co. Hem. June 23. 1898, Lilhan Belle, dau.
Matthew and Jenny (Emery) Taylor (b. Sept. 22. 1877; rem. with
her mother after her father's death to St. Johnsbury and grad. at the
academy; teacher; mem. of the U. P. ch. and organist for several
years. She d. at the Mary Hitchcock Hospital Hanover, N. H., April

23, 1912. Ch. Ravmond Charles, b. Feb. 20, 1904.

542 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

TRASK.

George S.,i son of Timothy Trask (b. Brentwood, N, H., 1789; d. July 1'
1856) and Lois [Scott] his wife (b. Machias, Me.. Aug. 26, 1784; d"
Aug. 23. 1858.) Hem. Dec. 15, 1858, Mary E., dau. Reuben Cham-
berlin (b. Barnet, 1842.) Lived in Farmington, N. H., Haverhill,
Mass., and Dover, N. H. Farmer in Ryegate in the n. e. corner of the
town some years. Rem. to Dover, N. H., 1911.

Children :
i Louis H.,2 b. Farmington, N. H., Nov. 29, 1860.
ii' Alice M ,2 b. Haverhill, Mass., Feb. 19, 1866; d. Aug. 10, 1867.
iii'. Winfield S.,2, b. Dover, N. H., May 31, 1874.

TWADDLE.

Robert Twaddle, whose name is spelled Tweedale by Whitelaw, b. 1735, at
Douglas, Lanarkshire, Scotland; m; Margaret , b. 1741. Came

to America 1 771, and to Ryegate, Oct. 8, 1774. Didnot belong to the
Scotch Co. Rem to Barnet ab. 1778, and was one of the first elders
in Seceder ch. in Barnet. Settled on the the farm owned in 1860 by
W. R. W. Stevenson ; afterward bought where Peter Lindsay lived in
1860. Died there, March 18. 1825, in 90th yr. She d. April 11, 1840,
at 99. Both bur. at Barnet Centre.

VANCE.

This family originated in the north of Ireland, the emigrant ancestor settling
in Connecticut. The first to settle in Vermont was John, who came
to Caledonia Co. at an early date.
David, 2 (John.i) b. in Conn., 1778, settled in the west part of Groton and
became quite wealthy. Captain in the old militia many years ; town
rep. 14 successive years. Rem. to the east part of the town and d.
about 1853.
Children (dates of birth from Groton town records).
i. David, 3 b. May 16, 1809; m. Maria Morse,
ii. William, 3 b. Oct. 24, 1810; m. Elizabeth Ricker.
1 iii". Aaron,3b.0ct. 14, 1812.

iv. Betsey, 3 b. Aug. 23, 1814; m. Marvin Whitcher.
v'. Abigail. 3 b. Oct 5, 1816;" m. McLane Marshall.
vi! Datfiel,3 b. Aug. 31, 1818; m Angeline Clark,
vii Jane,3 b. Aug. 15, 1820; m. Joseph Crosby,
viii. Stephen, 3 b. Aug. 12, 1822; m. Maria Hall.
ix! Hannah,3 b. Aug. 6, 1824; m. George Hatch.
X. Nathan, 3 b. Oct. 8, 1826; m. Maria Benjamin,
xi George,3 b. May 17, 1S29 ; m. Janet Jenkins.

xii. 0Hve,3 b. April 12, 1831 ; m. 1st, Sayer Leet. 2d, Jothan Holland.
1 Aaron,! b. Groton, Oct. 14, 1812; farmer and shoemaker. He m. May 3,
'l838, Lucinda Ann, dau. Jonas and Nancy [Johnston] Tucker (b.
Newbury, Nov. 10, 1818; d. Houston, Minn., March 27, 1900.) They
were not separated more than one month altogether in their 61 years
of married life. Rem. to Barnet, 1840, South Ryegate, 1848, to
Minn., 1866. His house and shop stood where the Darling store build-
ing is. He d. Jan, 4, 1906. Members of Baptist ch. in Groton.

Children :
i. Geo L.;2 b. Groton. March 13, 1839; edu. common school and Newbury
Seminary. Clerk in Government service, Washington, 1864-70;
grad. Columbia Coll. Law School; in furniture business at Joliet, 111.,
till death. Vice President of Will Co. Nat. Bank; deacon in Baptist
ch., S. S. Supt.and in charge of lay missions in and about Joliet; pres.

GENEALOGY — VANCE. 543

of Y. M. C. A. Traveled in Europe an d Asia, 1895 ; candidate for
Congress against Joseph Cannon, late Speaker. He m. l.st, April 29,
1868, Elizabeth K. Fowler of Washington, who d. Joliet, Nov. 6,
1872. 2d, July 19, 1877, Jennie Lewis of Joliet. He d. Aug. 19, 1905.
Children :

1. George A. ,3 b. April 21, 1869; cashier of Will Co., Nat. Bank; m. June

27, 1894-, Helen I. Taxis of Joliet; d. July 28, 1904, Ch. iMargaret.*
Dorothv,* b. April 25. 1896 (twins), George,'! b Jan. 22. 1900.

2. Grace, 3 b. Sept. 1872; ra. 1899, John Redding of Houston, Minn. Ch.

Elizabeth,^ Allen.*
By 2d marriage.

3. Beulah,3 b. Aug. 7, 1881; m. June 20, 1905, Raymond C. Cummins of

Chicago. Ch. Vance Stuart,* b. Nov. 3, 1906.
ii. David Elmore, 2 b. W. Barnet, Jan. 6, 1841 ; taught school on Wallace
Hill and Jefferson Hill, Newbury; enlisted June 13, 1862 in the 9th Vt.,
in the civil war ; must, out June 17, 1 865 ; in Chicago in grocery store
of Oscar Blake formerly of Newbury; teacher at Money Creek. Minn.,
1866-77; studied law at Winona, ad. to the bar June 1879; in
partnership tht-re with A. N. Bentley and later with J. A. Tawney,
now member of Congress; elected |udge of Probate Nov. 1900, still in
ofhce. Has held responsible positions in societies and fraternities. He
m. at Winona, by Rev. William McKinley, Nov. 20, 1879, Alice May-
bury of W. Ch. (1) Jessie Marion, 3 b. Aug. 6, 1880; d. July 30,
1904. (2) Mary Alice, 3 b, Sept. 2, 1881. (3) Albert Elmore,3 b. May

1 1 , 1883. (5) Stanley Maybury,3 b. Aug. 10. 1885.

iii. William A. ,2 b. Barnet, Aprils, 1843; farmer at Houston. Minn. Hem.
1st. March 13, 1872. Mary Gray who d. Nov. 1872. 2d, Jan. 12,
1875, Aliigail, dau. Robert Svmes (b. Ryegate. Dec. 6, 1840.) Ch. (1)
Hattie Bell,3 b. Jan. 29,1876; m. Charles Metcalf of Spring Grove,
Minn. Ch. Charles.* (2) Ethel iMay,3 b. July 25, 1877; m. Abe
Abrahamson of Rushford, Minn. Ch. Marion Is.'ibel.* (3) Minnie
Gray, 3 b. April 11, 1879; m. E. O. Abramson, Houston.

'"v. Albert N. ,2 b. Barnet, June 9, 1845 ; grocer at Decorah, Iowa; m. May

12, 1874, Ida Dunbar. Ch. (1) Louisa.3 (2) All)ert.2 (3) Austin.3
V. Nancy Jane. 2 b. Barnet, Aug. 13, 1847; m. Houston, Minn., Oct. 2, 1871,

DewittC. Dyer (b. Florence, N. Y. Oct 2, 1841.) He served three yrs.
in the civil war; merchant at Houston, Minn. She has been blind
since 1881.
Children all born Houston, Minn.

1. Mabel Lucinda,3 [Dyer] b. July 12, 1872; m. July 9, 1892, Alfred C

Abramson; res. LaCrosse, Wis. Ch. (a) Merrill Dyer.* (b) Amy
Gertrude.* (c) -Marjorie N.*

2. Dewitt C.,3 [Dyer] b. April 22, 1874; in bus. Houston, Minn.; m. Jan. 6,

1896. Marie G. Case Ch. Daphne M,*

3. George Elmore. 3 [Dyer] b. Sept. 8, 1876; grad, Minnesota Univ., after-

wards the Law School, three yrs. course. In practice Caledonia, Minn.

4. Maud Gertrude, 3 [Dyer] b.June 21, 1878; d. May 19, 1885.

5. Arthur Grant, 3 [Dyer] b. Aug. 6, 1880; merchant at Sheldon, Mum.; m.

June 20, 1907. Jessamine C. Raymond. Ch. Jane Elizabeth.

6. Genevieve B., 3 [Dyer] b. Dec. 7. 1882; m. May 17, 1898, David Lowe

Stine ; la\\yer at Minneapolis.

7. Dana Leslie, 2 [Dyer] b. July 11, 1886; farmer.

vi. Nicholas White, 2 b. So, Ryegate, Oct. 31, 1849; went to Minn, with par-
ents; in firming and teaching, then m mercantile and banking bus.
Now member of the firm of Eaton, Vance & Co., Aberdeen, So. Dak.,
builders of dwellings for sale or rent. Hem. Aug. 14, 1879, Eliza-
beth J. Burns of Caledonia, Minn ,b. there Nov. 6, 1856; edu. at C.
and grad. at Winona, Minn. High School. Ch. (l)Macha L.,3 b.
Minn Lake, Feb. 6, 1881 ; m. Nov. 2S, 1907, D. L. Grannis, a lawyer

544 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

in So. St. Paul, Minn. Ch. (1) Vance,* b. Sept. 3. 1908. (2) David
L.',* b. June 24-, 1910. (3) Marjorie E.,* b. Wolsey, So. Dak., Aug. 19,
1885.

vn.

Abigail, 2 b. So. Ryegate, Nov. 23, 1851 ; m. Oct. 13, 1873, Calvin Clark
Vance, son of William Vance, (b. Groton, 1851.) Res. Money Creek,
Minn.

v'm. Aaron, 2 b. So. Ryegate. April 2, 1854; went to Minn, with parents; edu.
at Winona, Minn. Has been in the furniture bus. at Joliet, 111., for 33
yrs. He m. March 24,1878, at Huron, So. Dak., Clara M. Birdsell
b. Riceford, Minn. 1860. Ch. (1 ) Cecile,3 b. Nov. 2, 1879, at Hous-
ton. Minn.; m. July 3, 1905, Charles A. Clement of Joliet. Ch. Ruth,^^
b. at J. Oct.16. 1908. (2) Bernice,3 b. July 21, 1887 at Joliet. (3)
Richard V,3 b. May 3, 1894 at J.

WADDELL.

JoHN,i b. Erskine, Scotland, 1732. His grandfather, William Waddell lived in
Galloway, in 1656 and was one of those who were persecuted for non-
conformity in the reign of Charles II, was sentenced to be banished to
Botany Bay. They were put on board a vessel at Leith, and after
sailing were driven by contrary v^ inds into the northern isles, where
they were abandoned by the captain and the seamen, who left the ship
in the long boat, after fastening down the hatchways by order of the
captain, leaving the prisoners to perish in the midst of the storm.
While they were being secured one of the sailors threw down into the
hold an adz and a broad axe. With these tools William Waddell cut a
hole through the vessel's side, between wind and water through which
75 persons got upon the rocks, while the ship was being broken up by
the violence of the waves. They eventually reached the mainland,
where they were kept in hiding till after the persecution. When Wil-
liam Waddell had settled in Erskine and before the end of the persecu-
tion he was frequently pursued by the King's troops, and would have
been shot had he been found. James, his son, was father to John who
came to America in 1774, having bought land of the Inchinan Co. be-
fore he left Scotland. He built a house in what was intended to be the
"city "in R., w^here he lived about 8 yrs., then sold to Peter Lang, and
rem. to Barnet where he bought land of Willard Stevens (the farm was
owned by W. R. W. Stevenson in 1860). He m.l761. Rebecca Allison,
b. 1739. He lived R. 10 years, before he sent for his family, w^ho came
in 1784 and the V all went to Barnet and settled there. He d. Sept.
26, 1822, aged 90. She d. March 23, 1795, aged 56.
Children all born Erskine.
i, Jane, b. Dec. 1761 ; m. John McLaren.

ii. Jennet, b. July 19, 1763; ni. Wm. Gilfillan, q. v,

iii. Margaret, 2 b. May 7, 1735 ; m. Robert Laird of Newburyport.

iv. John,2 b. July, 1767.

V. Rebecca, 2 b. April 25 1770 ; m. John Brown of Newbury.

yi. Helen, 2 b. July 23, 1772 ; d. un-m.
vii. Marion, 2 b. July 6, 1774; m. John Hunter, q. v.

John, 2 (John.i) b. July, 1767; farmer in Barnet; rem. to Jefferson Hill, New-
burv, 1S15; m. about 1795, Susanna Patten of Candia, N. H. He d.
Nov. 12, 1858; she d. March 22, 1849; bur. on Jefferson Hill.
Children :
i. Elizabeth.^ b. Barnet, 1796; d. Dec. 3, 1862; m. Andrew Lackie of Bar-
net.

ii. John,3 b. Jan. 26, 1798; m. Feb. 12, 1832, Marv Wheeler. Mechanic at
Boltonville. He d. Feb. 26, 1 860 ; she d. Nov. 22, 1880. 5 ch.

iii. Jane, 3 b. Feb. 1798; never m. Lived on Jefferson Hill and d. Aug. 13,
1896; 92 yrs., 6 mo,

GENEALOGY — WADDELL. 545

iv. Rebecca,^ tn. as 2d w. Samuel Gibson of Newbury.
V. William, 3 farmer on the line between Bath and Haverhill.
\i. Robert. 3 never m. Lived on Jefferson Hill; d. Dec. 18. 1880.
vii. Janet.ab. Aug. 3, 1808; ni. May 22,1848, as 2d w. James Halley of

Newbury; d. July 9, 1877.
viii. James. 3 b. 1812; mechanic inGroton; m. A ngeline George of Topsham ;
d. Groton, July 18, 18+6 ; she d. Dec. 2, 184-8.

WALLACE.

The Wallace family of East Ryegate is of Scotch descent, the emigrant ances"
tor coming to Connecticut, the family removing to Leicester, Mass.,
where one James Wallace is understood to have been born and where
he lived in 1732. John, one of his children, b. 1736, m. at Pelham,
Mass., Oct. 31, 1761. Agnes Lindsey, and they settled at Colerain,
Mass.. where four ch. were b. to them. He was a soldier in the revo-
lutionary war his name appearing on the roll of Capt. Hugh McClel-
lan's Co. of Col. David Wells' regiment. After the war he is under-
stood to have become one of the first settlers of Franconia, N. H. His
3d son David, b. Colerain, Mhss., April, 1770, ni. Nancy Palmer,
Sept. 15, 1799. They res. at Franconia and he became a proprietor
of Littleton, N. H. Right ch., the 5th Hiram, i b at L., Nov. 27,
1808; m. at Northfield, Vt., by Rev. Calvin Granger, March, 1836,
Lovina dau. James and Rlioda (Jones) Pike. They settled at Con-
cord, Vt.. where he held several town offices and was a captain in the
old militia. Universalist. He d. at Rochester, N. H., March 12, 1889 ;
she d. at Ryegate. Nov. 2, 1897, aged 80 yrs., 7 mos., 8 days.
Children, all b. in Concord, Vt
i. James Bradford, ^ b. Dec. 12, 1838; farmer in Concord; m, Mary J. Ken-
yon. Ch. (1) Hiram 3 of Maiden. Mass. (2) William,^ of Hanover.
N. H. (3) Jennie, (Mrs. Freeman Hutchinson of Kirby, Vt.)

ii. Charles M..2 b. Oct. 24-. 1844.

iii. Richardson Jones. 2 b. Oct. 10. 1846; settled in Rochester, N. H. 2 daus.
one d. y. Gertrude * m. Herbert Bumford.

iv. Frank Edward. 2 b. June 28, 1851; res. in Rochester, N. H.; m. Alice
Mooney of St. Johnsbury. Ch. Inez.^ d. y. Edith. 3. and Fred. 3

V. George William, 2 b. April 5. 1856; res. Salem, Mass.; m, Josie Nelson.
Ch. Norman, 3 Harry, ^ Edna, 3 Hazel 3

Charles Marrell,^ (Hiram. i) b, Oct 24, 1844. Edu. at public schools and
Essex Co. Grammar School ; served in the civil war one and one-half
yrs., in Co. G, 17th Vt . Reg., was wounded May 6, 1864, and April 2.
1865; mustered out at close of the war; member of G. A. R., and has
been commander of Col Preston Post ; member of I O. O. F. Came
to Ryegate, 1870; station agent at E. Ryegate 30 yrs.; postmaster
18 yrs.; has held various town offices and was tov^rn representative in
1908. He m. 1st, at St. Johnsbury, Feb. 7. 1867. by Rev, L. O.
Brastow, Amanda, dau Capt. Wm., and Amanda [Fletcher] Buck (b.
Concord, Aug. 5. 1840; d R., April 6, 1896.) 2d, Aug. 17. 1909.
Mrs. Delia D. [Gilbert] Quimby.
Children :
i. Mary A., 3 b. Feb. 1, 1869; teacher; m. July 27, 1896. Ervin M. Willis.

ii. Mabel L., 3 b. July 24,1872; m. Dec. 26,1893, Charles W. H. Wilson.
Ch. Louise Ellen,* Belinda Amanda,* Winifred G,* Charles W. H.,*
Gordon E ,* Eleanor Mabel.*

iii. Winifred E., b. Nov. 8 1874; m. 1st, Walter D.Gilchrist (p. 476.) 2d,
July 28, 1903, Frank H. Powers (p. 500).

iv. Blanche Amanda,^ b. Feb. 17,1877; m. July 27, 1889, Walter A.Ren-
frew, q. v.
V. George Buck, 3 b. April 11,1879; merchant at E. Ryegate. Hem. June
21, 1910, Sara Helen Hall. Ch. Ruth.*

546 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

vi. Laura Etta.s b. Jan. 20, 1881 ; m. Sept. 26, 1906, Joseph F. Devins.
vii. Edwin Charles, a b. Feb. 26, 1883; m. May 10, 1910, Mrs. Mae Louise

(Bunce) Colby. Ch. Charles Edwin.*
viii. Eva Belle 3 b. June 11, 1886; m. April 6, 1910, Jay Chamberlin. Ch.

Edith Frances.*
ix. William Henry,^ b. Jan. 5, 1892.

WALLACE.

Rev. William Seward,* son of Thomas Wallace, is of Scotch descent, his pa-
ternal gr. father b. Largo, Fifeshire, April 19, 1804. Came to Am. ab.
1822. His wife, b. Jan. 6, 1807. was of English parentage. Of their
8 chil. Charles C, was a Presbyterian clergyman of considerable note,
who filled several important pulpits, and was widely known as a
writer. He m. Nov. 17, 1860, by Rev. H N. Burton, Mary S, dau.
Abner Bayley of Newbury, w^ho, since his death has res. at Newbury
w^ith dau. Grace B.

Thomas.i another son. b. New York City May 6, 1836; m. Sept. 20, 1860,
Mary Loweree. Moved to Georgia with his family in the early '70's,
where he was an elder in the Pres. ch. at Quitman. Later came to
East Boston, and finally to Chelsea, w^here in the grent fire their
home ami all their effects were destroved. He d. at So. Ryegate, Nov.
1 908 ; bur. Westfield, N. J.
Children :

i. Marie Louise Castle, 2 res. N. Y. City.

ii. William Seward, ^ b. N. Y. Jan. 2, 1864; rem. with parents to Ga. when
12 yrs of age; grad. 1887, Davidson Coll., N. C. an institution of
high rank in the south. Received Theological training at Columbia
(S. C.) Seminary, ; ord. to Pres. ministry at Monticello, Fla.. 1870;
pastor Pres. ch. Palatka. Fla., 5 yrs.; supply Collegiate Ref. ch. N. Y.
City, 1895; pastor Pres. ch., Cedartown. Ga., 1895-1900; began min-
istry at Ryegate, Jan. 19<>0, as pastor of 1st Pres. ch. Has been
moderator of Presbytery and delegate to Gen. Assembly. Supt. of
schools in Ryegate for several years. He resigned his pastorate from
ill health Nov. 1911, lacking one month of completing I 2 yrs. of very
successful ministry. He received 73 members by profession and 26 by
certificate, married 56 couples and officiated at 110 funerals. Now
res. at Long Island City. N. Y., occasionally preaching. He m. at
Kissisimmee, Fla., April 10, 1890, Mrs. Susie D. Wilson of Clarksville,
Tenn.
Children :
i. Nina Birckbeck ; d. in infancy.

ii. William Dortch, ed. Chelsea (Mass.) H. S. Grad. with honorable men-
tion from Norwich Univ., 1912; asst. Supt. Long Island City Gas
Plant of the Consolidated Gas Co.

WARDEN.

Robert Warden was a farmer in Murdiestown, near Greenock Scotland in the
year 1746. and paid rent to John Anderson. The following receipts
for rent are owned by H J. Warden.

Received from Robert Warden in Murdiestown tlie sum of Forty-Eight
pound Scotts money. In part of his Silver Rent Crop seventeen forty. six.
At Greenock, the 9th Jan. 1747 year.

John Anderson.
£48.

* Mr. Wallace was named for Hon. Wm. H, Seward, Mr. Lincoln's Secretary of State,
and has an autograph letter acknowledging the fact, also some diplomatic correspond-
ence presented by him.

GENEALOGY — WARDEN. 547

Received from Robert Warden in over Murdiestown and Caurlock the
sum of Sixty pound Scotts, four Shillings and ten pennies Scotts with Tynd
Meal and Farm Meal paid to the Mansion house of Greenock and to the
Minister and farmer pay'd Jan. 9 is in full of his rent Crop seventeen and
forty-six year [1746].

At Greenock this 17th April 1747 year.

John Anderson.

His sons were John, Gideon, and William. The latter born ab'
1736 m. Isabel Laird of Kilmalcolm. In the spring of 1784, he with
his family left Greenock for America. Came to Rarnet and spent the
first winter with John McLaren, near Barnet Ctr., where Vlilo S. Mc-
Laren now lives. On Jan. 19, 1785 he bought of James Smith of Rye-
gate, Lot No. 146 in Barnet, where Horace J. Warden now lives for
"Ninety-five Spanish Milled Dollars" This land they cleared and
erected buildings, and there he d. March 13. 1810 and his wife Aug. 6,
1837 aged ab. 96 ; bur at Barnet Ctr. William Warden took free-
man's oath in Barnet, April 6, 1785. and was one of the 57 men who
signed the call to Rev. David Goodwillie and most of his descendants
were members of Presbyterian churches where their lot has been cast.

The descendants of William Warden are and have ever been very
numerous in Barnet, Ryegate, Monroe and Bath. In this volume
only those are given who have either lived in Ryegate, or are con-
nected by descent with Ryegnte families. These records are from Mr.
Miller with additions by Horace J. Warden and others.

Children all born in Scotland.
i. Jean,2 b. ab. 1768; m. William Gilfillan of Barnet (b. Scotland, 1752 ; d

1829.) She d. 1838 ; 5 ch„ who settled in Barnet.
ii. Isabel, 2 b. ab. 1770; m. 1792, Alexander Lang of B. (b. Scotland, 1752.
d. July 19, 1825). He was a tailor by trade and was called "Tailor
Lang." 9ch. Shed May 15, 1827.
iii. William, 2 b. 1771 ; lived in Barnet; m. Margaret Gilfillan ; 6 ch., none of

whom lived in R. He d. May 11, 1836 ; she d. June 29, 1858.
iv. James, 2 b. 1774.
V. Andrew, 2 b. 1776.

vi. Margaret. 2 b. 1778; m. 1802. David Gilffllan, q. v. Lived in Barnet
where Carl W. Lang now lives.

James, 2 ( William, i) b. Greenock, Scot., 1774; came to Am. with parents;
farmer on homestead. Hem, June 28, 1804, Elizabeth, dau. William
and Margaret Gibson of Ryegate (b. Mirch 6, 1784; d. June 19,
1851.) He d. June 3, 1852 ; bur. at Barnet Ctr.

Children :
i. Isabel, 3 b. Jan. 14, 1806; m. June 24, 1824, Alexander Lang, Jr. He d-
at St. Johnsbury, Feb. 26, 1864; she d. Marshalltown, Iowa, Nov
3,1872. 8ch.
ii. William, 3 b, Aug. 20, 1807.

iii. Margaret,3b. Aug. 10,1809; m, Feb. 28, 1833, by Rev. Thos. Ferrier
to Bartholemew Gilkerson of Barnet. He d. Nov. 28,1876; she d.
Sept. 26. 1869 at Rockville, 111.
iv. Elizabeth.3 b. June 28, 1811; m March 17. 1842. Elisha Peck of St.
Johnsbury. She d. Sept. 28. 1886. Mr, Peck made the casting for the
first scale made by E. and T. Fairbanks,
v. Jane,3 b. Ian. 1813; d. 1815.
vi. Agnes G., 3 b Sept. 28. 1815: m. Feb. 28, 1833, John Gilkerson. They

went to Illinois, where she d. Sept. 8, 1898.
vii. Jane L. 3 b. July 30. 1817; m. March 20. 1856 by Rev. J. McArthur,
Elijah D. Harvey of Danville. Thev went to Ind. where he d. at Rem-
ington, Feb. 29, 1879. She d. Dec. 14, 1890 in Kansas,
viii. Emily,3 b. Aug. 2, 1819; d. Nov. 3, 1859 ; m. William Miller of Ryegate,
q. T.

Ch.
4 iii. Dav

548 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ix. Andrew.a b. Sept. 17, 1821 ; m. at Haverhill, N. H., Jan. 4, 1855, Lydia,
dau. Samuel Peters (b. R. June 3U. 1825; d. June 21, 1908.) He d.
Feb. 24, 1897. Lived and d. in Barnet. 6 ch.
the west.
X. Marion 3 b. Nov. 9. 1823; m. April 24, 1851, by Rev. L. Worcester,

Henry Phelps of Lunenburg. She d. Feb. 9, 1904.
xi. James, 3 b. Jan. 29, 1826; never m., d. in Iowa, Sept. 25, 1855; bur. at

Barnet Center,
xii. Robert,3 b. Oct. 1829; d. Jan. 1831.
3 Andrew,2 (William, 1) b. Greenock, Scotland, 1776 ; came to Am. with par-
ents; m. ab. 1798, Margaret, dau. William Harvey (b. ab. 1772; d.
1843.) He settled 1st, oci land which is now part of the farms of D.
B. Fisk and Willis Plummer, near So. Ryegate, which he sold and
bought that where the Liddle family have long lived, which he sold in
1832 and bought on the river road the farm\Ahich had been that of
David Reid, where A. A. Miller now lives. He built the brick house in
which he kept tavern till near his death in 1849. After his death the
farm was sold to Samuel A. Moore, from whom it was bought by
Robert Nelson in 1865.
Children :
i. Isabel,3 b. Dec. 29, 1800 ; d. in Bath.

William. 3 b. June 28, 1802; m. Jane [Forsyth] widow of James Esden.
"Zh. Margaret,-* Jane,* William,* John.* He d. E. Ryegate.
id, 'Ml. Dec. 28, 1804.

5 iv. Harvey. 3 b. Jan. 22, 1806.

V. Margaret, 3 b. July 7, 1808 ; m. Ethan Moulton. Lives and d. in Bath.
3 William, 3 (James, 2 William, i) b. Aug. 20, 1807; farmer on homestead till
Sept. 1876; rem. to So. Peachani, where he d. Nov. 7, 1882. He m-
Feb. 13, 1840. Isabel, dau. Robert and Agnes [Grav] Nelson (b. Ly-
man, N. H., Nov. 9. 1816; d. Peacham, Aug. 7, 1897'.)
Children all born in Barnet.

6 i. Robert N..* b Dec. 20, 1840. q. v.

ii. Elizabeth J.,* b. Feb. 20, 1843; d. Aug. 8, 1910; m. March 20, 1872,
Amos K. Somers of Barnet, and res. at Passumpsic. Ch. (1) Mary
Florences [Somers] b. Jan. 22. 1874; d. April 17. 1896. (2) Gates
B.,5 b. March 23, 1879. (3) Carrie Belle, 5 b. Julv 20, 1883.

iii. Cynthia A.,* b Jan. 3,1846; m. Dec. 29, 1870, William C. Gleason of
Barnet. He was killed by falling from a load of hay, July 11, 1893;
shed. Nov. 16, 1888.
Children :

1. Horace Warden, s [Gleason] b. Nov. 27, 1871.

2. John C.,5 b. Oct. 15, 1874; m. Dec. 6, 1899, Grace Page of Monroe, N. H.

Res. Ludlow, Vt. Ch. (a) Margaret E.,6 b. July 11, 1903. (b)
Doris, b. June 1906.

3. Walter Duncan, ^ b. April 20, 1876.

4. Charles Leshe.s b. Sept. 7, 1880; m. Sept. 28, 1909. M. Olive Gertrude

Prouty. Ch. Cloves,^ b. Julv 2, 1910. Frederick, e b. Feb. 1912.

5. Margaret I ,5 b. Nov. 28, 1882. '

6. Mary E.,5 b. March 4, 1885.

iv. Mary Althea,* b. Sept. 13, 1849; teacher; res. with her parents till their

death ; res. St. Johnsbury.
T. Horace James,* b. June 9, 1852; farmer on homestead, which has been

in the family 127 yrs. Hem. 1st, Nov. 13. 1878. Margaret M., dau.

Joel R. Dole of Danville and gr. dau. Gen. Stephen Dole. She d. July

31, 1899. 2d. Jan. 24, 1901, Laura, dau. Dea. Milo Lackieof Barnet.

Ch. (1) Margaret E..5 b. Feb. 14, 1902. (2) Mary L.,5 b. Oct, 9,

1904. (3) Robert L .s b. May 28, 1906.
vi. Albert William.* b. April 17, 1854; ed. St. J. Acad., and grad. in the

Medical Depart., Vt. Univ. M . D. from N. Y. Univ., 1880; read law;

surgeon at Mary Fletcher Hospital, Burlington ; in practice at New

GENEALOGY — WARDEN. 549

York City, N. Y.; surgeon several years for West Shore R. R.; held
various public offices. In caring for a patient he received a slight
wound on right hand w^hich became infected and caused his death,
Aug. 9 190+ ; bur. at Barnet Ctr.

vii. Abbie Arabella,* b. Oct. 26, 1856; m. Sept. 2, 1885, Quincy A. Whitehill,
q. V.

viii. Alice Emma,* b. Nov. 23, 1858; attended St. J. Acad.; d. March 19,
1875.

4 David,3 (Andrew,2 William, i) b. Dec. 28, town rec. 1803; fam. 1804; d. June

3, 1862; schoolmaster; kept store at Newbury about 1834— '36 in
partnership with Dennison K. Burnham ; m. Jan. 5, 1830, Christian,
dau. John Bachop, Jr. She d. April 19, 1862. They lived in Bath
and were ch. members.
Children ;
i. John Bachop,* b. Dec. 21, 1830; m. Dec. 25, 1862, Miss Duncan of Mon-
roe; d. Bath, Jan. 11, 1869 7 ch. all living.
ii. Andrew Harvey.* b. Oct. 1, 1832; m. Oct. 31. 1861, Louise M. Flint;
rem. to Hanover. N. H. 4ch., the oldest of whom Christine A., was
murdered at H July 7, 1892. 3 ch living,
iii. Alexander,* b. March 30, 1834; m. Nov. 10, 1864, Lucy Flint; shed.

Monroe. Nov. 21. 1890. He d. Sept. 1909.
iv. Mary Jane.* b. Jan. 21, 1836; m. Aug. 14, 1860, Thomas M. Nelson, q.

v.; d. July 23, 1891.
V. Juhette,* b. Sept. 27, 1837; m. Sept, 26, 1861, Isaac M. Smith, a prom-
inent business man at Mclndoes. No chil.
vi. Christine A..* b. July 8,1839; m. Aug. 9, 1865, William Sherburne; d.

Jan. 4, 1878. 5 chil.
vii. David,* b. July 7, 1841 ; d. June 3, 1908 in Cal.
viii. William Henry,* b. April 30, 1843; d. in Cal. 1885.
ix. Oscar,* b. March 11, 18+5; m. Jan. 1,1874, Lizzie B., dau. Hon. John

Bailey of Newbury. 3 ch. He d. 1903.
X, Carlos,* b. May 21, 1847; d. 1905 in Cal ; never m.
xi. James Wallace,* b. Nov. 6, 1849. Res. in San Francisco, Cal., not m.

5 Harvey.3 (Andrew,2 William, i) b. Ryegate, Jan. 22, 1806. He m. 1st, Aug-

11, 1836. Mary. dau. John Bachop (b, 1810; d. May 2n. 1847.) 2d.
Nov. 7, 1849, Margaret, dau. Alexander Gibson (b. March 12, 1819;
d. Feb 5, 1885.) He d. Jan. 21, 1859. Merchant at W. Barnet from
1847 till death.
Children by 1st marriage.
i. George O.,* b. Aug. 21, 1837; res. Manchester, N. H.; is married.; mer-
chant at W. Barnet some years,
ii. Harvey,* b. May 30, 1839; d. at California Soldiers Home, Aug. 10,

1897.
iii. Helen Jane,* b. Sept. 1, 1841 ; d. Sept. 21, 1858.
iv. Mary Ann,*b. Feb, 21, 1843; d. un-m, Jan. 30. 1883.
V. Robert T.,* b. Sept. 16, 1844; res. San Rafael, Cal. 3 sons.

By 2d marriage.
vi. Margaret C ,* b. Aug. 9 ; d. Oct. 10. 1850.

vii. Sarah Jane,* b. Nov. 6, 1857 ; m. Andrew C. Ritchie of West Barnet, q, v.
viii. Alexander D.,*b Dec. 19, 1852; in Boston and Manchester, N. H., 10
years; ret. to Barnet and went into business with A. C. Ritchie; holds
town offices. He m. Jan. 29. 1 887, Rosa J., dau. Wm. Roy (b. Oct. 7,
1858.) Ed. Mclndoes and Peacham Acad. Ch. Roy H.,5 b. Jan.
14, 1892. Ed. St. J. Acad, and Goddard Sem.
ix. Infant,* b. Nov. 12, 1857 ; d. y.

6 Robert Nelson,* (William, 3 James,2 William, i) b. Dec. 20, 1840. On home-

stead till 23 yrs. old ; went to Manteno, 111, then to Melbourne, Iowa-
where he is an extensive farmer and stock grower. Hem. 1st. Feb-
22, 1868, Julia, dau. Harvey Brock of Barnet, who d. Jan. 8, 1873-
He m. 2d. Dee. 24, 1874, Laura McKean of Newton, Iowa.

550 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT,

Children :
i, William M.,? b. Not. 5, 1875; m. April 8, 1903, Mary Plumb; res. near
Melbourne, Iowa. Ch. (1) Vera E..6 b. Sept, 16. 1905. (2) Mildred
A. ,6 b. March 16, 1907; (3) Robert Weston.e b.Oct. 1, 1909. (4)Wm.
Wallace, b. July 27, 1912.

ii. Harlan E.,5 b Nov. 27, 1877 ; m. Mar, 8. 1911 , Mabel Blackbur.

iii. Mary Alice. s b. July 27, 1879; m, Aug. 14, 1907, Thomas S. Hunt; res.
near Billings, Montana. Ch. Margaret Dorothy.^ b. May 24, 1909.

iv. Marvin I.,5 b, Feb. 21, 1883; m. Oct. 14, 1908, Genevieve Dreher. Ch.
Horace.e b. May 27, 1911.

V. Zella Isabel,5 b April 16, 1885; m. Aug. 14. 1907, James Fred Ingalls ;
res. Green River, Utah. Ch. (1) John.e b. Nov. 18, 1908. (2) How-
ard, b. Dec. 8, 1910.

vi. Julia,5b. Aug. 12, 1888.

vii. Robert Paul.s b. May 18, 1891.
viii. Walter Albert, 5 b. Feb. 14, 1893.

WARDEN.

Jonathan. 1 came from Greenock, Scotland about 1842, landing in New^ York,
with wife Joanna and 3 ch. Lived in Ryegate near Andrew Warden's
for some time; rem. to Haverhill, N. H.. and later to Bradford, Vt.,
where he d June 3, 1869, and his wife July 24. 1856. He sold medi-
cines extensively in N. H., and Vt.. and was widely known as Dr. War-
den, although not educated as a physician.
Children :
i. Peter Lindsay, ^ b. June 4, 1830 ; learned the jeweler's trade of Henry
Towle at Haverhill, N. H.; went to Talahassee, Florida, into the
jewelry store of Towle & Myers ; later in the same business for himself
there. Went to Cuba for his health, and d. there Nov. 13, 1863, sur-
vived by wife.

ii. Joanna. 2b. Oct. 8, 1832; m. Sept. 28,1872. Daniel Carpenter of St. Johns-
bury (b. Oct 8, 1832 ; d. June 20. 1894.

iii. Joseph Mitchel.2 b. Nov. 23, 1837 ; was engaged in the jewelry business at
Bradford, Vt., continuously from 1858 till near his death; also tele,
graph operator. Supt. of the Cong. S S. many years. He m. Oct. 7
1876, H. Maria, dau. Edwin Fuller of Vershire. He d. June 15, 1911*

The precise connection of these two Warden families was unknown to J. M.
Warden, who wished his family record inserted in this w^ork.

WASON.

Thomas,2 (Thomas,!) b. Corinth, Vt., Feb. 16.1800. His father came from
Candia, N H., and settled on a farm still owned in the family. Wool
carder and cloth dresser at Topsham. Groton and Boltonville till that
trade fell into disuse. Farmer in Ryegate where Peach Thomas lives
1855— '61. Rem. to Corinth; Justice of the Peace and Associate Judge
two terms of Caledonia Co. Court, also practiced law to some extent.
(See Chapter xviii). P. M. at Boltonville 1841, till the office was dis-
continued for some years He m. 1st, May 25, 1825, Martha, dau.
Dudley and Susannah [Carleton] Browne (b: Newbury, March 11,
1803; d. Dec. 8, 1867). 2d, May A. E. Taplin of Corinth, who d. ab.
1904. He d. March 27, 1882, and with his first wife and two children
is bur. at So. Ryegate.
Children :
i. Caroline.3 b. May 16, 1826; m. May 20, 1845, Charles D. Nelson of
Newbury. She d. July 6. 1884; bur. Kalamazoo, Mich. He d. ab.
1875. 3ch.
ii. Martha Jane,3 b. June 17, 1828; m. Dec. 6, 1868, John D. Collins of
Barre, Vt.; d. Feb. 8, 1902; bur. Barre.

GENEALOGY— WASON. 551

iii. Hannah Kimball.s b. Aug. 13, 1830 ; d. July 22, 1856.

JT. Sarah,3 b. Feb. 18, 1833; ni. Jan. 21, 1860, Joseph C.Lake of Quincy,

Mass ; res. Barre, Vt. Mr. L. d. Quincy ab. 1875.
V. George,3 b. Feb. 24, 1836; m. Oct. 15, 1867, Marcella Harris; d. June 8,
1872 ; bur. W. Corinth. 2 ch.

vi. Thomas, 3 b. Newbury, July 18, 1840; d. in his junior year at Dartmouth
College. Aug. 12, 1860.

vii. Henry Carleton.s b Newbury (Bolton ville) July 6, 1844; ed. Com. Sch.,
and Corinth Acad.; Com. Course at Syracuse, N. Y. Acting Sec. and
Treas. of Muskegon. Mich., Booming Co. In lumber business in Mus-
kegon and Saginaw, Mich., till 1875; rem. to Toledo, O.; in whole-
sale and retail lumber bus. and farming. He m. Feb. 1 1 , 1872, Lucena
M. Arnold of Sandwich, 111. No ch. He d. March 3, 1910. He gave
$100, the income to be used in the care of the Wason lot in So. R. cem.

WEBSTER.

Peter, ^ b. Salem, N. H.; m. Mary Webster and settled in the Lime-Kiln neigh-
borhood in Newbury, where he d. Jan. 25, 1835 ; she d. May 26, 1861.
Children all born in Newbury,
i. Hannah W.2
ii. James. 2 lived in N.
iii. Peter. 2 m. Mehitabel Perry,
iv. Stephen, 2 b. 1812.
V. Mary, 2 m. Mr. Randall,
vi. Anna, 2 m. Josiah Dow of N.
vii. Benjamin, 2 m. Anna Woods,
viii. Wealthy. 2 m. Stillman Stevens.
Stephen B.,2 (Peter,i) m. Nov. 12, 1835, Cynthia B., dau. John Sly (b.
March 11. 1818; d. Oct. 11, 1893.) They lived in Ryegate and chil.
were born there. He d. Oct. 23, 1874.
Children :
i. Fidelia,3 b. Aug, 28, 1844; d. 1908; m. Aug. 30, 1861. Charles Deming

(d. 1891.)
ii. Juliette,3 b. Sept. 22,1846; m. Oct. 16, 1862, John Quinn ; d. Dec, 1,

1866,
iii. Hale.s b. Oct. 22. 1847.
iv. Newel Culver.a b. Jan. 22. 1849.
V. Martha,3 b. May 25, 1850; d. Mav 26, 1861.
vi. Sutherland. 3 b. June 12, 1852; d. Dec. 15, 1877.
vii. McNab,3 b. March 2, 1854.
viii. Palmer, 8 b. June 7, 1855 ; res. in Ryegate.
ix. Washington, 3 b. July 7, 1856; farmer; un-m.

WELCH.

The Welch family of.Groton has intermarried with Ryegate families to such

an extent that an account of its antecedents is interesting.
Jonathan, 3 came from Kennebunk. Me.; m. Annie Emery. 8 chil. of whom

the two oldest sons were (1) Hosea,2 and (2) Medad.a
HosEA, 2 (Jonathan, 1) b. Groton ; farmer and deacon in the Baptist church.
He m. Dec. 1, 1806, Mary, sister of Andrew Gray. He d. Dec. 26,
1880 or '93 ; she d. Nov. 15, 1844 or '55.
Children :

Ara,3b. Jan. 9, 1811.

Mary, 3 b. Dec. 31, 1812; m. Leman Taylor of Peachani.
Sarah. 3 b. March 16, 1815; d. un-m. in 1860.
Eliza, 3 b. Sept. 19. 1817; m. Lewis French of Cabot.
Lydia,3 b. Dec. 1, 1819; m. Peter Whitehill, q. v.

552 HrSTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

vi. Laura, 3 b. April 9, 1822; m. Rev. Mr. Hitchcock, a Methodist minister.
He d. Chicopee. Mass. She ret. to Groton and d. some 12 yrs. later,
in spring of 1908.
vii. Hosea,3 b. July 28, 1824; m, Harriet Darling.

viii. Andrew Gray. 3 b. May 6. 1827 ; went west, served in the civil war ; came
east and lived in Morristown, Vt., and d. 1907.
4 ix. John H.,3 b. March 28, 1830.
X. ira Low.3 b. Mov. 17, 1832.

2 Medad 2. (Jonathan.!) He was a prominent and respected citizen ; m. March

9, 1815, Abigail, dau. Aaron Hosmer. (b. July 31, 1797; d. Dec. 24,
1897.) Hed. Sept. 1, 1772. 11 ch. all now d.

3 Ara,3 (Hosea, 2 Jonathan,!) b. Groton, Jan. 9, 1811; farmer there. Hem. ab.

1834, Mary. dau. John Whitehill of Rvega+e (b. Feb. 18, 1816; d.
Aug. 28, 1877.) He d. Dec. 3. 1894.
Children :
i. Ann,* b. Jan. 14, 1837 ; m. A. Park Renfrew, q. v., as 1st w..
ii. John,* b. Nov. 12, 1835; m. Jan. 2, 1867, Mary Heath, who d. Sept.

1900. Hed. July 10, 1909. Two daus. survive.
iii. Meroa,* b. Nov. 15, 1838; m. Stephen Renfrew, q. v.
iv. Eliza J.,* b. March 13, 1843; m. A. Park Renfrew as 2d w.; d. July 9,

1910.
v. Abigail A.,* b. March 20, 1843 ; m. 1st, John Paul. 2d, Samuel P. Welch,

q V.
vi. EHzabeth,* d. y. Nov. 24, 1888.
vii. Hattie,* d. y.

viii. Leonard,* b. Jan. 20, 1840; m, March 18, 1873, Marv, dau. John A.,
Miller, who d. Nov. 27, 1899. Res. Peacham.
ix. Sarah A.,* (town rec.) b. March 20, 1849.

4 John H.,3 (Dea. Hosea,2 Jonathan i) b. March 28. 1830. He m. 1st. by Rev.

J. M. Beattie, Feb. 19, 1852, Abigail Heaton, dau. John. 2 Dunn (b,

Oct. 26, 1831; d. April 9, 1891.) 2d. Feb. 1. 1894, Elizabeth M.

[Smith] wid. of Wm. McLaughlin, (b. Dec. 9, 1836; d. Nov. 21. 1889.)

Hed. Dec. 23, 1905.
Children :
i. Cyrus Heaton,* b. July 25, 1852; hardware dealer in Groton; m. Aug.

1879. Helen T. Morrison. Noch.
ii. James Austin,* b. March 1, 1856 ; farmer in Groton ; m. March 16, 1881,

Christie, dau. Ebenezer Plumnier. He d. June 17, 1908. Ch. (1)

son. 5 d. in childhood. (2) Abbie.^ m. David Whitehill, q. v.
iii. Willard,* b. Feb. 23,1858; m. Lillian E. Waterman of Johnson. Mer-
chant there. Ch. Bertha H.,^ Flora Abbie,^ Louise, ^ who is dead,
iv. Alvin,* b. Feb 26, 1860; farmer; m. Margaret, dau. Jacob Hooper, and

lived on the Daniel Cofifrin place. He d. May, 1897.
v. Clara Jeanette,* b. May 11, 1862; m. March 30, 1881, R. S Hooper of

Hardwick. Ch. (1) Dan,^ d. in inf. (2) Jacob Bert,* hardware

dealer at Hardwick.
vi. Flora Annette.* b. April 22. 1864; m. Nov. 1887, Willis B. Plummer,

farmer in Groton. She d. June 12. 1890. No chil.
vii. Charles Henry,* b. Aug. 7, 1866; dry goods merchant. New Rochelle,

N. Y. He m. Aug. 1891, Mabel Brackett of St. Johnsbury. Ch.

Mildred Abbie *
viii. Millie Abigail * b. Sept. 14, 1870; stenographer at Los Angeles. Cal.
ix. Josephine Roberts,* b. Aug, 28, 1872; m. Nov. 1897, J. N. Fowler of

Lebanon, N. H. 3 suns.
X. John,* b. April 13. 1874; dry goods merchant. Los Angeles, Cal.; tn.

July, 1905, Maybelle Hulburt of W. Lebanon, N. H.

5 Aaron,3 (Medad.2 Jonathan, i) b, Groton, May 5, 1820; rem. to Ryegate,

1850; ret. to Groton 1866, and d. June 10, 1893. Hem. 1st, Dec. 22,
1842, Joanna Plummer, who d. Ryegate, Feb. 12, 1855. 2d, April 2

C. \V. WHITHHILL.

JAMES C. HOLAIES.

WESSON G. HOLMES.

PROF. NELSON J. WHITEHILL.

(PoU.VDEK XoKTH RVEC.ATE LlIiKAKY.)

^l-HSuLiikf: ibr

"•ox AND /

GENEALOGY — WELCH. 553

1856, Elizabeth, dau. Wm. Gibson of Rvegate (b. Feb. 6, 1824; d.
Jan. 17, 1865.) 3d, Aug. 27, 1866, Charlotte Welch, who d. May 4,
1890.
Children by first marriage.
i. Samuel F..* b. Groton, Dec. 18, 1843.
ii. Martha,-*'!). Groton. March 20, 1845; m. March 9, 1876, Nathaniel C.

Page of Ryegate (b. Groton, June 4. 1877, son of Jonathan,
iii. Horace,* b. Dec. 22, 1846 ; went to Montana, 1869 ; was m. there. 4 ch,

Hed 1891.
iv. Sarah,* b. Groton. Sept. 11, 1848; d Feb. 16, 1856.
V. Abigail,* b. Groton. March 7, 1850; d. Jan. 15, 1855.
vi. Alexander G.,* b. Ryegate, April 21, 1852; res. in Groton; m. Dec. 14,

1878, Dilly Frost. 3 ch. all living,
vii. Nancy,* b. Ryegate, May 5, 1854; m. Frank W. Page; 7 ch., 4 living;
res. Ryegate.
By 2d m. all b. in Ryegate.
viii. Jane Bethai,* b. Dec. 14, 1856 ; d. Feb. 20, 1866.
ix. James Gibson,* b. Oct. 9, 1858; d. Feb. 13. 1866.
X. Clarence E.,* b. Feb. 22, 1860; rem. to Iowa, 1882; m. Oct. 10, 1886,

Ida Tucker ot Kansas; rem. Eldora. Iowa. 4 chil.
xi. Joanna,* b. April 11, 1863; d. Feb. 12. 1866.

Samuel P.,* (Aaron, s Medad,2- Jonathan, i) b. Groton, Dec. 18, 1843; went
to Montana, 1867; ret. 1871, and m. 1st, Nov. 2, 1871 Elzina James,
of Groton, and went back to Montana ; ret. to Groton and has been
a merchant there since 187.5 ; selectman, lister, and has been Justice of
the Peace 20 years; town representative, 1880. '81. Deacon in the
Baptist ch. 37 years. Mrs. Welch d. Aug. 29, 1872, and he m. 2d,
Jan. 13, 1874 Ab'bie, A., dau. Ara Welch, and widow of John G. Paul
(b. March 20, 1843; d. April 21, 1885.) 3d. April 28, 1886, Cora E.
Minard.
Children by 1st marriage,
i. Elzina,5 b. Aug. 28, 1872; d. Aug. 1882.

By 2d marriage.
ii. Hannah E.,5 b March 21, 1875 ; d. Aug. 1882.
iii. Jefifetson Renfrew.^ b. July 23, 1880; d.. May 11, 1881.
iv. WiUiam George, 3 b. April 30, 1882. Res. Groton; m. Aug, 6, 1903.
Rosie M.. dau. James J.Morrison. Ch. (1) Joanna A. ,5 b. April 17,
1906. (2) Gertrude A. ,6 Nov. 3, 1910.

WHITE.

Nicholas White of Plaistow, N. H., in the 4th generation from William
White, one of the 1st settlers of Ipswich and later of Haverhill, Mass.,
had four sons who came to Newbury in 1763. Noah, 2 Ebenezer,^ Jo-
seph.2 and Samuel. 2 Another son. William, ^ remained at Plaistow,
but was represented here by his dau. Mary who m. Asa Tenney of
Newbury, and a son Nicholas, 2 who settled finally in Ryegate. For
Dr. Samuel White see p. 210. Descendants of Ebenezer.^and William, 2
have lived in Ryegate. For more complete account of the White
family see History of Newbury, pp. 735—739.

Nicholas. 3 (William. 2 Nicholas. i) b. Plaistow, N. H., 1770; came to New-
bury ab. 1790 and m. March 25, or 27, 1799, Rachel, dau. William
and Rachel (Tewksbury) Johnson (b. Newbury. July 1, 1776; d. Brad-
ford, March 1856.) Settled on her father's farm where he d. Dec. 23,
1831. He was quite prominent, holding town offices and captain in
the old militia.
Children :
i. Mary,* b. March 4, 1800 ; m. 1st a Mr. Hoyt, had a dau. Mary. Mr. H.
d. and she m. 2d, Milton Morse of Horse Meadow, Haverhill, and d.
there.

554 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ii. Nancy Johnson,* b. Nov. 28, 1801; d. un-m. at St. Johnsbury.

1 iii. Moses Webster,* b. Aug. 1. 1803.

2 iv. William Johnson,* b Dec. 25. 1804.

V. Abigail Johnson,* b. April 20, 1806; m. Jared Wells of Wells River; lived
there many yrs.; rem. to Grand Rapids Mich, where he d. Shed,
at Lowell, Mass,
vi. Asa Peaslee.* went to Cal. in the early days of gold mining, and was

never heard from,
vii. Jane Catherine.* d. at 16 in Rvegate.

viii. Abner Bayley Webster,* b. Feb. 1, 1812; m. Mary Gale of Wells River,
where they always lived, and where she d. Jan. 24-, 1902.

1 Moses Webster,* (Nicholas, 3 Wm.,2 Nicholas,^) b. Newbury, Aug. 1, 1803;

came to Kyegate, 1807. He m. May 9, 1837, Susan M., dau. Robert
Whitelaw(b, Nov.22.1812; d. April 17, 1899.) Rem. March 1838, to
Jacksonville, 111., then to Exeter, 111., where he lived 18 yrs., to Griggs-
ville. 111.. 1855, where he whs in the livestock and grain bus. While at
Exeter he had a contract to furni-h all the wooden wedges or fasten-
ings for the first railroad built in 111., called the Springfield & Jackson-
ville R. R. The rails were of wood, and the wedges were used in fas-
tening the ends of the rails together. Their journey by stage, canal
and steamboat to Naples, 111 , took about two mos in 1837. He
moved to Exeter to secure a saw mill with water power to saw
lumber for his railroad contract. This line is now part of the Wabash
system. He d. Griggsville, May 24, 1885.
Children :
i. Madeline M., 5 b. Dec. 19, 1839; m. at G. Nov. 12, 1863, Theodore E.
Wilson. 3 sons. 2 daus.

ii. James H..^ b. Dec. 21, 1841 ; m. qaura E. Chiseldine of Winchester. He
d. Jacksonville, 111.. Aug 13, 1909. His wife with a dau. and a son
survive him, who res Chicago.

iii. Horace A. ,5 b. July 28. 1850 . res. N. Y. City.

2 William Johnson,* (Nicholas. 3 Wm.,? Nicholas, i) b. Newbury, Dec. 25, 1804!

farmer on homestead in R. 13 yrs.. selling to Edward Miller in 1856,
in Bradford 15 years; in hotel business at W.Concord. Vt., Cole-
brook and Lancaster; later in various business. He m. Sept. 8,
1834, by Kev. Wm. Pringle, Abigail ] , dau. Robert Whitelaw (b. June
11, 1811; d. St. Johnsbury, July 5. 1895.) He d. St. Johnsbury, Sept.
4, 1887. Mrs. White at the age of 16 attended a school for young
ladies at Great Harrington, Mass.. the journey by stage and Lake
Champlain taking a week. She told .Mr. Miller that she was the first
woman in R. to receive a dollar a week for teaching. She taught her
first school in the Park neighborhood ab. 1830, where she had 60 pu-
pils, 18 of whom were in letters.
Children :
i. Susan Jane,^ m. Zela Alvin Richardson of St. Johnsbury and res. there.
He d. April 18, 1906, aged 64.

li. Sophia Hale,^ m. Henry W. Hill of Worcester Mass., who d. there March
7, 1886, aged 43. Ch. (1) Julia Ellen.6 (2) Edith Bell.e who m.
Lemuel Hamblin who is dead. Ch. (a) Madeline Jenette.' (b)
Bruce Winfield.''^

George W.,* (Samuel, s Ebenezer,2 Nicholas i) b. Newbury. April 20,1822;
farmer in R. He m. Lois, dau. Joel Carbee (b. Nov. 22, 1824 ; d. Nov.
3,1887.) Hed. June 27; 1903.
Children :
i. Sarah B.,5 b. Newbury, Jan. 1, 1849 ; d. Sept. 17, 1850.

ii. Henry C.,5 b. Ryegate. July 31. 1851 ; res. Stowe, Vt.

iii. Willard S ,5 b. July 18,1857; m. Jennie F.Morrison of Grot(m. Ch.
(1) Wesley W.,6 b. July 26, 1889. (2) Bertha A.,6 b. July 31, 1890.

Fred H.,5 (Ezekiel,* Jesse,^ Ebenezer,2 Nicholas,!) b. Topsham, July 30, 1856-

GENEALOGY — WHITE. 555

Farmer with his father in Topsham till rem. to Ryegatc Corner, March

1895. Hem. Sept. 12, 1888. Sarah E., dau. James McLam (b. R.

May 9, 1854-.)
Children b. in Topsham.
i. William D., 6 b. July 19, 1889; m. June 29, 1911, Ethel A. Taplin of

Corinth. Ch. William D.,7 b. Ryegate, Aug. 9, 1912,
ii. Robert M.,6 b. July 24, 1892.

WHITE.

William 1 White of Inchinnan, Scotland, m. Janet, dau. David Allan, q. v., b.
1762. There is no record that they ever came to America, and the
only children who are mentioned are Robert, ^ and David, ^ who came
to America with their gr. mother Allan in 1802. These records arc
as given by Mr. Mason and Mr. Miller, with additions.

Robert, 2 ( William, i) b. Inchinnan, Scotland, Dec. 22, 1789 ; came to America
with his grandmother Allan in 1802, and m. ab. 1816. Sarah Perry
(b. Royalston, Mass., June 27, 1793) who had been in R. about four
years. He bought a farm of James Hall where James Dickey after-
ward lived and where Y. D. Nelson now does, where all their children
were born. He sold that farm to the widow of Wm. Nelson 2d and
bought on the n. side of Blue Mt., where Matthew Taylor afterwards
lived, and 18 vrs. later sold it and rem. to Barnet Vill, where he d.
Nov. 3, 1864. 'She d. April 5, 1867. He served in the war of 1812 on
the Canadian frontier.
Children :
i. Hannah, 3 b. May 24, 1817; m. George Greenbanks, a woolen manufac-
turer of Barnet.

ii. William A. ,3 b June 30, 1819 ; d. 1839.

iii. Robert, 3 b. July 4, 1821 ; d. 1854.

iv. David Allan, 3 b. June 26, 1 823 ; went to Minnesota.

V. Sarah J. ,3 b. March 31, 1825.

yi. Margaret, 3 b. March 5, 1827.

vii. Eliza Fulton. 3 b. Nov. 1, 1831.

David,2 (William, 1) b. Inchinnan, 1793 ; came to America with his brother,
and was m. May 31, 1819 by Rev. James Milligan to his cousin Eliza-
beth, dau. Alexander Miller (b. March 24, 1798; d. April 7, 1841.)
They settled on the Robert White farm in 1820, and built a log cabin
about 30 rods n. e. of where the late David Buchanan long lived.
Rem. to Newbury and settled on land given his wife by her father, on
the east side of Jefferson hill, now owned by Wm. E. Bailey. He d.
Feb. 23, 1858.
Children, the 1st born in Ryegate.
i. William.3 b. Sept 1, 1819.

ii. James. 3 b. Jan. 11, 1821. He was long a prominent and respected citizen
of Ryegate, held offices, and was eleven years moderator of town
meeting; merchant and postmaster at South Ryegate from about
1854 to 1868. Hem. Jan. 31, 1843, Ann, dau. John Miller (b. Jan.
11, 1820; d. April 22. 1895.) He d. Nov. 5, 1889. Nochildren.

iii. John, 3 b. June 21, 1822; lived on Jefferson hill, Newbury, where he d.
Mav 21, 1896. He m. Sarah A. Baker of Westfield, Mass., who d.
March 2. 1883. He d. May 21, 1896.

iv. David, 3 b. March 3, 1823.

V. Robert M.,3 b. Aug. 19, 1826 ; m. 1864 in Mass.. Celia Ranger. He d.
May 1, 1884.

vi. Alexander M.,3 b. April 17, 1828; lived in Newbury.

vii. Margaret A. ,3 b. June 9. 1829 ; d. Oct. 22, 1893.
viii. Eliza Jane.3 b. Aug. 8, 1830 ; d. Oct. 13, 1891.

ix. Thomas,3 b. Newburv, Aug. 24, 1833; d. Aug. 24, 1835.

556 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

X. Moses,3 b. Newbury, Sept, 19, 1834. Never m. d. in R. June 18, 1908.

1 William, 3 (David.z- William, i) b. (in the old Aiken house) Sept. 1, 1819. Set-

tled in Barnet, and m. there Feb. 23, 1864, Mrs. Jane [Lee] wid. of
Jeremiah Abbott (b. Peacham. Sept. 27, 1824; d. Barnet, April 23,
1904.) He d. April 11, 1901 ; bur. at W. Barnet.

Children :

i. Jennie Mae.* b. May 1, 1865; m. June 21 1883, Thomas George Hastie
of Barnet, farmer at W. Barnet, where he d., bur. Barnet Ctr. Ch. all
b. in Barnet. (1) Lulu Jane, s [Hastie] b. March 23, 1885; d. May
23. 1886. (2) William Guv,^ b. Nov. 28. 1886. (3) Dora May.s b,
March 17. 1891. (4) Jennie Abbott.s b. Aug. 11, 1898.

ii. Jerry William,* b. Oct. 23, 1867; m. Dec. 14, 1896, at Barnet Ctr., Sadie
Emily Miles of Inverness, P. Q. Farmer on homestead in Barnet. Ch.
all born in Barnet. (1) Cyril Lee,^ b. April 26, 1898. (2) Susie May.'
b. June 14. 1901. (3) Glen Leslie,^ b. July 26, 1904. (4) Edna
Louise,5 b. Nov. 25, 1906. (5) Abbott Wesley,^ b. Oct 10, 1911.

2 David.3 (David, 2 William, i) b. March 3, 1823; m. July 24. 1843, Agnes

Brown of Newbury (b. June 22, 1815; d. Feb, 16, 1883.) He d. Jan.
6, 1890. They lived in Newbury, near So. Ryegatc.

Children all born in Newbury,
i. William J.,* b. May 3, 18+6: res. So. Ryegate ; m. 1st. Sarah Barber

whod. 2d, June 1, 1901, Martha L., dau. of Hugh Dunn, of R.
ii. Elizabeth H.,* b. Jan. 6, 1850; m. Nov. 6, 1901, Geo. W. Sails of W.
Newbury.
- iii. Robert J..* b. July 18, 1853; grad. Randolph Normal Sch. Jan. 1887;
teacher; in meat bus. at So. R., ab. 3 yrs ; in mercantile bus. at Col-
chester. Vt., 14 yrs; in lumber bus. at V\inooski, Vt., ab. 9 yrs.; res.
Burlington . Vt. Is a director in Winooski Savings Bank ; Supt. of
schools in Ryegate and in Colchester ; selectman in C. He m. May,
1881, Edna M. J. Marsh of Winooski. Ch. Clarence R.,5 b. Col-
chester. Nov. 10, 1888; grad. Vt. Univ. 1911; now (1913) attending
law school at Columbia Univ.
iv. Thomas H.,* b. June 7, 1855; m. May 26, 1883, Minnie Carpenter of
Groton; res. So. R.; carpenter.

Children :

1. Gertrude Eva,5 b. July 21, 1885.

2. Bessie Bell. ' b. Oct. 21, 1887; m. Nov. 24, 1900, Thaddeus Wheaton o

Newbury.

3. Blanche Louise.^ b. Sept. 3, 1889; teacher.

4. Roy James 5 b. Aug. 16, 1891.

5. Nellie May. 5 b. Oct. 2. 1893; m. Oct. 11, 1911, Harley Roberts. Ch.

Bernard Arthur,^ [Roberts] b. May 26, 1912.

6. Ida Caroline.^ b. March 19, 1896.

7. Lawrence lackson.^ b. Sept. 27, 1898.

8. Marion Elizabeth, 5 b. May 21, 1901.

9. Aileen Marie,' b. Aug. 16. 1903.

10. Marjorie Winona,' b. July 22, 1906.

Fred D.,* (Margaret, 3 David, 2 William, i) b. Newbury. March 28. 1870; res-
Groton ; helper at R. R. station. He m. Jan. 16, 1895, Clara B., dau.
Phillip Webber of N.

Children:
i. Charles P.,' b. April 24, 1897 ; d. Jan. 31, 1898.
ii. Andrew J. .5 b. Sept. 17, 1898.
iii. Ethel W..' b. March 10 ; d. May 19, 1900.
ir. May M.,' b. Oct. 18, 1908; d. Jan. 8, 1909.
V. Ruby M.,5 b. March 26, 1910.

GENEALOGY — WHITEHILL. 557

WHITEHILL.

James and Abraham Whitehill of Inchinnan, Scotland, purchased in 1798 six
lots in the northwest corner of this town which are called the " With-
erspoon tract " on which James, son of President Witherspoon had
begun a settlement in 1774, where he expected to found an estate. He
came there with a number of men. some of whom are said to have
been colored slaves, who cleared about 25 acres and erected a house
and other buildings. James Witherspoon is said to have inherited
much of his distinguished father's ability, and had he remained here,
would probably have become one of the prominent men of the state.
But he was intensely devoted to the American cause and on the retreat
of the army from Canada, joined it, became an aid to Washing-
ton with the rank of major, and fell at the battle of Germantown.
Upon the land thus partly cleared the wilderness resumed its sway
and twenty years later few traces remained of the work of Major
Witherspoon. One building or a part of one was standing when
James Whitehill came there in 1 798, and was hidden in the dense
underwood which occupied the place. On the 15th of Feb. 1787, Kev.
Dr Witherspoon and Elizabeth his wife, by their attorneys, conveyed
to Rev. Alexander Simpson of Pittenweem then in London, "Lots 1,
2 and 3 in the 1st range, and Lots 1. 2 and 3 in the 2d range, in the
northwest corner of Ryegate, on which James Witherspoon had set-
tled and cleared a pait." for 3U0 pounds sterling. In 1795 the tract
was visited liy |ohn Holmes, who returning to Scotland recommended
it to James and Abraham Whitehill as a place ot settlement. The in-
strument by which this tract was conveyed to the Whitehills through
their attorney, James McNays, is interesting and is as follows :

James McDougall. Lord Provost and Chief Magistrate of the City of
Glasgow, Do hereby certify that on the date hereof, March 12, 1798, per-
sonally came and appeared liefore me James the Deponent named in the affi-
davit hereunto annexed, being a person well known and worthy of good
credit, and by solemn Oath which he the said deponent then took before me
upon the Holy Evangelists of Almighty God, did solemnly and sincerely de-
clare, testify arid depone to be true the several matters and things contained
in the said annexed affidavit.

Catherine Boston, widow of Alexander Simpson. Minister of the Gospel
at Pittenweem, with consent of Wi liam Gillespie of Andenton near Glasgow,
Andre^v Siebald and Michael Minehead of the first part, and James and
Abraham Whitehill of Rashiflee, Renfrew. The aforesaid with Kobert Corse
of Greenlaw, deceased, for Four Hundred Pounds Sterling the tract of Six
Hundred Acres upon which James Witherspoon had settled and partly
cleared.

The land was divided between the brothers James and Abraham,
the former taking the three south lots, and the latter the three north
lots. These brothers reared large families and their descendants are
very numerous. The Whitehill family is of great antiquity and in the
"Church and Parish of Inchinnan" the name is mentioned several
times in the annals of four centuries. Prof. N. J. Whitehill of White
River Junction visited Scotland a few years ago, and identified the
farm of Rashielee from which James and Abraham Whitehill came.
In the preparation of these records a large number of persons have
aided, family records have been drawn upon, and missing dates sup-
plied, as far as possible, from town and session books and cemetery
inscriptions. In this history of Ryegate are mentioned 632 descend-
ants of James Whitehill and 184 of Abraham Whitehill.

The James Whitehill Family.

James,! Whitehill, b. Inchinnan. Renfrewshire, 1753; m. 1st, 1772, Mary
Mitchell who d. in Scotland, and 2d, 1792, Mary Caldwell. They
came to America and Ryegate in 1798, and built first a log house and

IV.

1

V.

2

vi.

vii.

viii.

3

ix.

4

X.

558 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ab. 1808 the stone house which is part of the present house of Corwin
W. Whitehill. He was the founder of the Reformed Presbyterian
church in Ryegate and its first elder, holding that office till his death,
and was a church member about 64 years. "He was charitable to
the poor, and liberal in the support of the gospel. His habits were
those of serenity, industry and piety " From a sketch written by
Rev. James Milligan it appears that he was well educated with an
extensive knowledge of ecclesiastical history. He d. Aug. 14, 1835,
and his wife Nov. 14, 1834. Buried in the Walter Harvey cemetery.
The house was re-modeled by Abram Whitehill in 1833.
Children :
i. Elizabeth, 2 b. Jan. 1 773 ; d. June 8. 1860 ; m. John Dunn. q. v.
ii. Agnes, 2 b. Feb. 5, 1776; d. May 5, 1845; m. Alexander Holmes q. v.
iii. Mary. 2 b. 1779 ; d. Jan. 1 8, 1856 ; m. John McLaughlin, q. v.

Christian.2 b. ab. 1782; d. April 8, 1819; m. John Caldwell, q. v.
John, 2 b. April, 1786.
By 2d marriage.
Iame8,5 b. 1793.

Jean.2 b 1795; d. 1873; m. William Johnston, q. v.
Janet, 2 b. March 11. 1797; d. of small pox on the ocean.
William,2 b. Aug. 28, 1801.
Abram.2 b. May 28. 1805.
xi. Margaret.2 m. Dec. 29, 1836 ; Lewis Page of Groton,

1 John, 2 (James, i) b. Inchinnan, Scot., April, 1786. Came to America with
parents in 1798 ; settled on the farm now owned by James E. Crown,
a part of the Witherspoon tract next south of his father's. Rem. to
Morgan 1844, d. while chopping alone in the woods, Nov. 15. 1849.
He was a very large man and called " Big Jock." Buried in Groton-
Peacham cem. with his Istw. Anna Welch, whom he m. 1812. She
d. April 14, 1826 and he m. 2d, March 14, 1827, Betsey Emery of
Groton, who d. in Morgan.
Children ;

5 i. Tames,3 b. Oct. 3, 1813.

6 ii. John. 3 b. Nov. 8, 1814.

iii. Mary.3 b. Feb 18. 1816; m. Ara Welch, q. v.
- • William, 3 b. March 25. 1817.

Peter. 3 b. July 3. 1818; m. 1st, March 9, 1841. Lydia, dau. Dea. Hosea
Welch. She d. Sept. 29, 1859, aged 39 yrs. 10 mo. 2 ch. both dead.
2d, Maria Shaw.
vi. Elizabcth.s b. Sept. 26, 1819 ; d. Sept 22, 1878. On the town record her
name is given as Pata Eliza. She m. Peter,2 ( Abraham, i) White-
hill. q. v.
vii. Anna.3 b. Dec. 22. 1820; d. Feb. 1, 1885; m. Ebenezer Plummer of Gro-
ton; 11 ch., 32 gr. ch. in 1891.
viii. David,3 b. June 7. 1822.
ix. Nancv,3 b. Oct. 31. 1823 ; m. Chauncy Aldrich. 2 ch.
X. Hannah, 3 b March 13, 1825; m. George Melvin. 1 ch.
Christian.^ b April 5, 1826; m. Edward Hickson. 1 ch.
By 2d marriage.
Sarah, 3 b. Feb. 7, 1828; d. March, 1901 ; m. Feb. 18.1847, H. K. Moo re

q. V.
Lucinda,3 b. Oct. 24. 1829; settled in Canada and m. in 1852. Alonzo

Bracy ; lived in Potton, P. Q., and had ch. Horace. Minerva, Charles.
Janet 3 b. Julv 19, 1831 ; m. Ian. 3. 1859, Ephraim Powers of Newbury
(b' May 9,''l828; d. Jan. 26, 1898.) 3 ch.
XV Juliett,3 b. April 3, 1833; m. Dec. 31, 1859. Moody Powers of Newbury
(b. Aug 11, 1830; d. Oct. 31. 1864.) Ch. Edward and Addie (Pow-
ers). She res. Central City, Neb.
!tvi. Emeline,3 b. Jan. 14, 1835; m. July 15,1856, Simeon Marsh; res. Mor-

( IV.
V.

XI.

xii.
xiii.
xiv.

11

iii.

12

iv.

13

V.

14

vi.

vii.

viii.

ix.

GENEALOGY— WHITEHILL. 559

gan, Vt. One son, William, who d. Oct. 1904. He m. Dec. 31, 1890,
Bertha Preston of Strafford, Vt. Ch. Harry, Emma and Veda
(Marsh)

9 xvii, Matthew, 3 b. Feb. 16, 1837.

xviii. Moses,3 b. July 9, 1839; enlisted Feb. 9, 1864, Co. G, 17th Vt,; killed at
90 Petersburg, Va., April 2, 1865, at the very close of the war.

iiTxix. Aaron. 3 (twin to above) d. in infancy.
;;, XX. Hugh. 3 b. Sept. 12, 1841 ; d April 5, 1911.
All were living in 1863 except Aaron.

2 James, 2 (James, i) b. May 1793; farmer. Elder and deacon in the Ref. Pres

ch. and always called Deacon Whitehill. He m. Jan. 30, 1817, Janet
daughter Hugh Gardner (b. May 30, 1796; d. March 20, 1873.) He
d. Oct. 27, 1867 ; bur. in Walter Harvey cem.
Children :

10 'i. James,3 b. Oct. 25, 1818,

.^ii. Mary Jane. 3 b. Feb. 18,1819; m. April 24,1848, James Patterson of
Cabot (b. Scotland; d. Aug. 1893.) She d. March 14, 1879. No
chil.
Hugh Gardner,3 b. May 16, 1821.
William, 3 b. April 3, 1823.
Abram M.,3 b. Oct. 22. 1826.
Archibald. 3 b. Nov. 7, 1828.

Janet.s b. July 3, 1831 ; d March 3, 1862 ; m. William McLaughHn, q. v.
Margaret, 3 b. July 31, 1833 ; d. lune 2. 1867 ; m. Wesson Crown, q. v.
Isabel,3 b. Jan. 13, 1835; d. April 14, 1867; m. Moses2 Hunter, q. v.
X. Hannah,3 b. May 3, 1837; d. Oct. 27, 1861.
xi. John N.,3 b. July 10, 1840; d. Sept. 18, 1864; m. Mrs. Mary Batchelder.

3 William, 2 ( James. i) b. Ryegate, Aug, 28, 1801 ; m. about 1832, Mary, dau.

Hugh Gardner (b. Nov. 27. 1802; d Feb. 21, 1886.) He kept store in
Groton village about 10 years ; in West Barnet two yrs. Went to
western Penn., in June, 1841 and to Harlan, Page Co., Iowa, about
1854. where he d. Sept. 22, 1878.
Children ;

15 i. Thomas R., 3 b. Oct. 27, 1834.

16 ii. Sarah G..3 b. Feb. 9, 1837.

17 iii. Mary Abigail, 3 b. Aug. 12,1843,

James Taggart. 6 chil.

4 Abram, 2 (James,!) b. May 28, 1805; farmer on the homestead; m, April

17. 1834, Janet, dau. John Holmes (b. Feb. 18, 1806; d. May 13,
1890.) He d. June 16. 1881. Both were life-long residents of the n.
w. part of Ryegate. Bur. in Walter Harvey cem. She was a member
of the Ref. Pres. ch. ab. 66 years.
Children :

18 i. Peden Cargill,3 b. Feb. 2, 1835.

ii. Calvin Knox,3 b. April 21, 18371 m. Nov. 9, 1858, Phebe Jane Cox. En-
listed Jan. 5, 1864, in Co. E, 7th Vt. Vols ; d. Barrancas, Fla..Sept. 16,
1864. Ch. (1) Alvina L.,4m. A. D. Hood.Topsham. 4 ch. (2) Cal-
vin Ellsworth,* manager of creamery at Barnet. 4 ch.
iii. Mary Caldwell.3 b. July 27. 1838 ; m. Wm. N. Gibson, q. v.
iv. Milton FrankHn,3 b. Aug. 22. 1842 ; d. Oct. 18, 1876.
V. Martha Ellen. 3 (twin to above), d. May 27, 1864.

vi. Corwin W..3 b. July 2. 1847; farmer on homestead of James. Neverxn.
Has been selectman, treasurer of creamery, etc.

5 James, 3 ( John. 2 James. i) b. Oct. 3, 1813 on the w. side of what is now J. E.

Crown's farm. Lived and d where Roger Eastman lives in Groton.
Not a ch. member. He m. 1st. Nov. 15 1838, by John Darling, Esq.,
Susan, dau. Capt Edmund Morse (b. about 1801; d. July 25. 1843.)
2d. Sept. 26, 1844, by Hugh Dunn. Esq., Margaret, dau. John McLam
(b. Scotland, Nov. 13, 1813; d. May 20, 1848.) 3d, July 3. 1848,

560 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Hannah Bingham (b. Jan. 25, 1811; d. Aug. 19, 1883.) 4th. Dec.
25, 1888, Uilly, wid. of David Welch, who d. Nov. 4, 1891. He d.
Dec. 15, 1889; bur. in Groton-Peacham cem.
Children all born in Groton. By 1st marriage.
i. Aaron,* b Jan. 25, 1841 ; d. in the west un-m. Nov. 22. 1870.
ii. Susan,* b. July 11. 1843 ; m. James Patten ; d. Feb. 1882.

By 2d marriage,
iii. Walter S.,* b. June 15. 1846. Served in the civil war ; m. Susan, widow
of Geo. W. Whitehill. Res. Groton. 3 chil.

19 iv. James R„*b. May 14, 1848.

By 3d marriage.
V. Jane,* b. April 9, 1849; m. 1st, Fred Symes. 2d. Geo. Bond. Res. Tops-
ham
vi. Sarah,* b. March 11, 1851 ; m. Moses Jennison of Peacham.

6 John, 3 ( John, 2 James. i) b. Nov. 8, 1814; m. 1837, Susan, dau. Thomas Gil-

kerson (b. March 1805; d) Lived in Barnet, on the farm formerly

owned by Bartholemew Somers and afterward by Thos. Gilkerson.

Went to 111., 1864 and d. there.
Children :
i. Thomas G,* b. 1838; m. 1st, Belle Strobridge in 111. 4ch. 2d, Mrs.

Huldah Sargent of Peacham. He d. in Barre, Vt.
ii. Marion Amborn,* b. Barnet, Jan. 26. 1840; m. 1863. Bradley W. Morri-
son of Groton, who d. in Minneapolis, Minn., where she res. 10 ch,

3 living,
iii. Allison Jennett,* b. Barnet. Jan. 3, 1842; m, 1st, Alex Strobridge of

Monteno, 111. 3 sons, 1 living. 2d, Charles Stickney of Minneapolis.

3 daus. all d. in inf. She d. July 4. 1 896.
iv. John,* b. Barnet. ab. 1844; rem. with parents to 111. Went to Cal.,

thence to Australia.
V. Margaret H.,* b. Barnet ab. 1847; m. in Manteno, 111., Geo. W. Fiske.

Ch. Geo. W., avid Mercy Louisa [Fiske] who res. in Robbinsdale.

Minn.

7 WiLi.iAM,3 (John. 2 James, 1) b. March 25. 1817; lived in Topsham and the

extreme n. part of Groton. He m. Dee. 30, 1838, Anna. dau. John Mc-
Lam (b. April 9. 1818 ; d. Feb. 18, 1901.) He d. Sept. 13, 1884.
Children :
i. Mary Ann,* b. Oct. 15, 1839. No record,
ii. Margaret,* b. Feb. 21,1842; m. Amos Powers ; d. in Kansas, Oct. 13,

1878.
iii. Lydia Maria,* b. Feb. 10. 1843; m. 1st, March 17, 1864, Abram White-
hill, q. V. 2d, Henry Richardson.
iv. Albert P.,* b. Feb. 26, 1846; m. 1870. Emma Whitcher; res. Groton.
V. Victoria A.,* b. April 23,1848; m. John Dunn, q. v. 2d, Wm. Hunter,

q. V.
vi. Josephine E,,* b. Jan. 3, 1850; m. 1871. Burton Bailey,
vii. Sarah V ,* b. March 22. 1852 ; m. Dec. 1876, Harvey Orr, q. v.
viii. Nancy E.,* b. 1855 ; d. April 7, 1872.

20 ix. Wm. Alexander,* b. Aug. 13. 1857.

X. Kate.* b. 1862 ; m. March 1, 1882, Newton Whitehill, q. v.

8 David,3 (John. 2 James.i) b. Ryegate, June 7, 1822; m. Mary C, dau. James

Orr of Groton and lived there. He d. Nov. 15. 1866.
Children :
i. William Harvey,* b. April 26, 1853; farmer and ice dealer at Groton,
Mass., also selectman and road commissioner. He m. Hannah A.
Hall. Twoch.,a son who grad. from Lowell Textile Coll., now in-
structor there ; and a dau. who grad. Boston Univ., q. v.
ii. Margaret Ann,* b. April 3, 1855; m. Robert N. Wormwood of R.; d.Jan.
20, 1903. 2 ch., son and dau.

GENEALOGY — WHITEHILL, 561

iii. Elizabeth,* b. Oct. 20, 1856 ; m. A. T. Gay of South Ryegate; d. Sept. 8,
1905. 2 ch, son and dau.

iv. Nelson James,* b Sept. 8 1858. Fitted for college at Peacham Acad.;
grad. Dartmouth college, 1883 ; teacher in Vt. Principal Randolph
Acad. 1 4 yrs. At M ontpelier three yrs. and is in his 1 0th as principal
of the high school at White Kiver Junction. Has been prominent in
educational work in this state. County examiner of teachers for
Windsor Co. 6 yrs. Founder of the Whitehill library at No. Ryegate.
He m. Ellen S. Strobridge of Peacham. No ch.
V. George Ellsworth,* b. Sept. 15,1861; m Elizabeth Miller of R. and set-
tled in Groton, where he d. Dec 6, 1888. Ch. son and dau.

vi. Charles Sheridan,* b. Aug 6,1864; res. Oakland, Cal.; is m. with one
dau.

vii. Jennie Etta,* b. Maj' 1, 1866; m. Frank Miller; lived in Topsham;d.
Dec. 6, 1895. 1 son senior in Norwich Univ.

9 Matthew, 3 (John, 2 James, i) b. Feb. 16, 1837; was 13 when his father d.

and carried on the farm in Morgan, Vt., with the help of his younger
brother. Enlisted Iul3^ 1862. in the 15tli Vt.. and served his time out.
Farmer and lumberman; justice of the peace, many yrs.; town Rep.
1878. He m. June 8, 1864, Ellen Marsh of Holland. She d. Jan. 18,
1905.
Children :
21 i. Ellsworth,* b. June 12, 1865.

10 James.». (james,2 James.i) b. Oct. 25, 1818. Went to W^alden 1837, and

cleared land which he exchanged for a farm ; rem. to Groton, 1864.

He m. Dec. 6. 1837, Mehitabel Hatch of Groton, b. Aug. 29, 1813,

with whom he lived 56 vears. Alembers of the M. E. church in Gro-
ton. He d. March 24, 1894.
Children :
i. James.* b. March 4, 1839; res. in Marshfield ; m. ab. 1861, Asenath Si-

monds. She d. April 1876, aged 26.
ii. Martha,* b. Nov. 2, 1841. Res. in Montpelier; m. 1st. May 25, 1865,

Roland Edwards of Montpelier, who d. March 29, 1875. 2d, March

2, 1876, Wm. Chapin of Calais,
iii. John 1^''.,* b. July 25, 1844; served in the war of the rebellion. Res. So.

Ryegate. Twice m., 1st, Marv Taisev, who d. Sept. 18,1881. He d.

May, 1912.
iv. Moses.* b. June 16,1845; res. in Groton; m. July 3, 1875, Ella Ricker,

h. Dec. 6, 1858. Ch. Harry, 5 b. Mav 9, 1875.
V. W'ilHam,* b. Dec. 6, 1847; d. 1848.

vi. Phebe Ann,* b. Feb. 2, 1851 ; m. George Taisey and res. in Groton.
vii. Newton A.,* b. Dec. 6, 1855 ; m. March 1, 1882. Catherine, dau. Wm., 3

Whitehill. Ch. (1) Clarence.^ b. Nov. 29, 1884; d. Dec. 17,1887.

(2) Leonard J. ,5 b. Jan. 8, 1888.

11 Hugh Gardner, 3 (James, 2 James. i)b. May 16, 1821; farmer in Ryegate.

He m. in Peacham, March 20, 1848, Susan, dau. John McLachlin (b.
Peacham, April 9, 1816; d. April 15,1880) He d. Jan. 12, 1870,
on farm where William J., his son now lives. Bur. Ryegate Corner.
Children :
i. Edward M.,* b. Dec. 5, 1851 ; d. June 8, 1885.
ii. Annie J.,* b. Nov. 12, 1854; lives with her brother Wm.
iii. William J.,* b. May 17, 1856 ; farmer near Ryegate Corner, farm form-
erly owned by M. R. Gray.

12 William, 8 (James. 2 James.i) b, April 3, 1823. Farmer on Jefferson Hill,

Newbury, where Andrew Wylie long lived ; d. suddenly Feb. 16, 1861.
He m. bv Rev. Jas. Reattie, Feb. 8, 1851 Samantha Ruth, dau.
CampbelfSymes (b. Sept. 18, 1827; d. Nov. 1, 1910.)
Children :
i. Infant,* b. May 13, d. May 23, 1852.

562 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ii. Henry Eugene,^ b. Feb. 25, 1854; m. Oct. 25, 1876 Agnes C, dau. Wm.
Nelson of Newbury (b. July 26, 1846 ; d. Feb. 19, 1885.) 5 ch. Lives
on her father's farm in Newbury, which was formerly the "Hermi-
tage" of Hon. Peter Burbank. He m. 2d, Belle [Peach] wid. of Val-
entine Weed. No record.

iii. Sarah Jane,* b. June 15, 1856; m. Sept. 26, 1877, Frank E. Harding of
Strafford, Vt.; d. July 8, 1880. Ch. (1) Geo. William, s b. Sept. 4,
1879.

iv. WiUiam Lincoln,* b. May 13, 1861.

13 Archibald, 3 (James, 2 James, i) b. Nov. 7, 1828; m. by Rev. J. M. Beattie,

March 10, 1859, Elizabeth Catherine, dau. John 2 McLam. b. Dec. 12.
1837. He d. Aug. 24, 1898; bur. Walter Harvey cem. She res. on
the homestead with her sons.
Children :
i. Alexander John,* b. June 9, 1862 ; farmer with his bro.
ii. Mary Sophia,* b. Sept. 18, 1866 ; d. July 24, 1884.
iii. Martin Gilbert,* b. July 23, 1869.
iv. Lizzie Jane,* b. Aug. 23, 1871 ; d. April 1872.

14 Abram Miller, 3 (James, 2 James. i) b. Oct. 22, 1826; m. at Eaton, P. Q.,

1851, Elmina, dau. Wm. Simons (b. Compton, P. Q., May 27, 1831;
d. Aug. 14, 1873). They lived in Danville, where they were burned
out. Rem. to R. and the farm where James E. Crown lives, where he
d. Aug. 8, 1866. She m. 2d, Abram A. Whitehill. q. v.
Children :
i. Janet Asenath,* b. Nov. 14, 1851 ; d. Sept. 25, 1852.
ii. Frank W.,* b. Danville, Oct. 9, 1853; larmer in Ryegate with W. J.

Smith. He m. Nov. 20, 1875, Mary J., dau. George Smith. No ch.
iii. George H.,* b. Danville, Oct. 16, 1855; d. April 3, 1872.
iv. Edgar P.,* b. Cabot, Jan. 27, 1857 ; d. May 26, 1867.
V. Son,* b. and d. Dec. 25, 1859.

vi. Jennie E.,* b. Cabot, Jan. 16, 1861 ; m. as 2d w. W. J. Smith, q. v.
vii. Hernion O.,* b. Jan. 25, 1864.

15 Thomas R.,3 (William, 2 James, i) b. Groton. Oct. 27.1834; enlisted in the

Iowa cavalry, Aug. 15, 1861, and served in the Army of the Tennes-
see; discharged Oct. 14, 1864. Farmer. He m. 1st, in Madison Co.,
Iowa. May 8. 1867,PhebeE. Newland (b. Ohio, Aug. 6, 1849; d.Nov.
3, 1869). 2 ch. He m. 2d, Sept. 1, 1870, Sarah McCroy (b. Ireland.
Oct. 9, 1836.)
Children : This record is by Mr. Miller.
i, William,* b. March 21, 1868; m. a Miss Blair. 2 ch. in 1897.
ii. Elizabeth,* b. June 12, d. Sept. 28. 1869.
iii. Mary,* b. Aug. 2, 1871 ; d. Nov. 25. 1875.
iv. Thomas,* b. Oct. 6, 1872 ; m. a Miss Humphrey,
v. John K..* b. Sept. 8, 1874.
vi. Bessie J.,* b. Oct. 2, 1876.

16 Sarah G..3 (William,2 James, i) b. Groton, Feb. 9, 1837; m. Dec. 9, 1856, in

Page Co., Iowa, Robert W. Young of Clarinda. Covenanters.
Children :
i. William Andrew,* [Young] b. Nov. 14, 1857,
ii. Edward Nelson,* [Young] b. Tune 17. 1860.
iii. Thomas Roberts Whitehill,* [Young] b. April 13, 1862.
iv. Robert McCluey,* [Young] b. Dec. 10, 1865.
V. Hugh Howard.* [Young] b. June 30, 1869.
vi. Mary Mattie,* [Young] b. Dec. 12. 1871.

17 Mary Abigail,3 (William, 2 James, i) b. Barnet, Aug. 12,1843; m. at Harlan,

Page Co.. Iowa, April 8, 1863; to James Taggart (b. Ireland, Sept.
29, J838.)
Children :
i. William W..* [Taggart] b. Feb. 12, 1864.

GENEALOGY — WHITEHILL. 563

ii. James C* [Taggart] b. March 4, 1865.
iii. Thomas R.,* [Taggart] b. Aug. 21, 1866.
iv. Mary R.,* [Taggart] b. March 27, 1868.

v. John A. ,4. [Taggart] b. July 23, 1869.
vi. Hattie E.,* [Taggart] b. Jan. 8, 1873.

18 Pedex Cargill,3 (Abram,2 James,i)b. Feb. 2, 1835; farmer in Peacham.

He m. Feb. 25, 1858, Sarah Elizabeth, dau. Rev. Ora and Mary [Kim-
ball] Pearson (b. Compton, P. Q., June 6, 1839. She m. 2d. Oct. 1,
1874, Enos Stevens of Barnet who d. Jan. 31, 1877. 3rd, Nov, 16,
1897, Josiah S. Kenerson of Barnet who d. May 31, 1895. She res.
No. Reading, Mass.) He enlisted Jan. 4, 1864 in Co. E, 7th Vt. Vols.,
and d. at Barrancas, Fla., Sept. 29, 1864, 13 days after his bro. Cal-
vin K., at the same place.
Children :

i. George E.,* b. Peacham, Oct. 22, 1860; fitted for college Peacham Acad.;
grad. of Dartmouth Coll., 1886; Prin. High School, Garden Grove,
Iowa, 1886-'87; Instructor Cornell College, Mt. Vernon, Iowa, 1887-
'89; Supt. City Schools, lola, Kansas, 1889-'91 ; grad. College of
Physicians and Surgeons, 1893; Interne, Mass. Infirmary. 1884; City
Physician, Everett, Mass; member Board of Health and School Board
Everett; Member Staff Whidden Memorial Hospital, Everett; m.
Harriet T. Williams, Baldwin, Kansas, June 23, 1896. Two ch. who
d. in infancv. One adopted child Florence Williams Whitehill, b. Oct.
22, 1894.

ii. Mary Jennette,* b. Peacham Nov. 9, 1862 ; att.Mt. Holyoke Coll. 1881.
'82; m. May 25, 1887, Lewis A. Bigelow. Res. No. Reading, Mass.
Ch. (1) Marion Elizabeth, 5 b. Everett, Mass., June 24, 1892; d.
Sept. 27,1899. (2) Dorothy Whitehill, ^ b. Everett, April 2,1894;
entered Wheaton College, 1912.

19 James R.,* (James, =* John, 2 James, i) b. Groton, May 14, 1848; m. 1st, Mira,

dau. Hill and Polly (Smith) Morse of Cabot (b. May 16, 1847 ; d.
Rvegate, April 5, 1891.) 2d, Sarah Jane, dau. Winchester and Sara
(Ginster) Lord (b. Cabot, Jan. 23, 1853 ; d. Ryegate, Aug, 24, 1906.)
Children : By 1st marriage.
i. Abbie L.,5 b. Nov. 17, 1881 ; d. Nov. 25, 1898.

By 2d marriage,
ii. Winnie Ellen, 5 b. April 22 ; d. April 23, 1898.

20 William Alexander,* (William, 3 John, 2 James, i) b. Groton, Aug. 13, 1857;

farmer on the homestead till rem. to Groton Vill. als. 1907. Mem.
of Ref. Pres. ch. Barnet, and later of U. P. ch. at So. Ryegate. He m.
1st, May 1881, Nellie, dau. Peter Welch, who d. Nov. 4, 1891. 2d,
1893, Mary Heath.
Children by 1st marriage.
i. Jennie, 2 who m. E. W. Clark of G.
ii. Linwood,^ of Mclndoes.

21 Ellsworth,* (Matthew, ^ John, 2 James, i) b. June 12, 1855 ; farmer in Mor-

gan ; Justice of the Peace, school director, town representative 1902.
He m. June 6, 1889, Carrie Williams of Morgan.
Children :
i. Earle John, 5 b. Dec. 16, 1889; farmer,
ii. Rena Mattie.s b, July 8, 1891 ; teacher,
iii. Alice Maude, ^ b. Dec. 3, 1893 ; teacher.

iv. Raymond Matthew,^ b. March 1, 1895; attending Derby Acad., 1912.
V. Lucian Joel,5 b. Jan. 4, 1898. Att. Derby Acad., 1912.
vi. Avis Dorothy,5 b. Jan. 6, 1900.
vii. Iva Doris.5 b. Aug. 22, 1903.
viii. Ellen Adeline,* b. Feb. 12, 1905.
ix. Roger Ellsworth, ^ b. Dec. 5, 1906.

64 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT

The Abraham Whitehill Family.

Abraham,! younger brother of James Whitehill, b. Inchinnan ab. 1759; was
a fanner and road maker in Scotland, and m. Dec. 12, 1781, Elizabeth
Patterson of Govan. They came to America and Ryegate in 1800,
his share of the V\ itherspoon tract being the three lots in the extreme
n. w. corner of the town. His brother having preceded him by two
years had made ready for him and had bviilt a log house a few rods
east of the present dwelling of Quincy A. Whitehill. About 1812 he
built a stone house after the style then common in Scotland, which
was used as a dwelling till about 1858. The eastern gable and part
of the wall of the house are still standing, an interesting relic, much
resembling the pictures of Kirk Alloway He d. Aug. 14, 181H; she d.
at the home of her son Peter in Groton, Nov. 19, 18+1, aged 80. They
are buried in the Groton-Peacham cemetery. "He possessed good
business ability and acquired a good estate. He brought from Scot-
land a small library of religious works with which he was familiar.
Both he and his wife were attached to Covenanting principles both in
Scotland and America, and were original members of the Ref. Pres. ch."
Children, the older ones born in Scotland.
i. Mary, 2 b. Nov. 8, 1782. All that is known of her is her name and date

of birth, recorded in Scotland.
ii. Agnes, 2 called Nancy, b Feb. 13, 1784-. Never m., d. April 8, 1830, while
living with her mother and brothers.

1 iii. John, 2 b April 13, 1786.

iv. EHzabeth,2 b. Jan. 5, 1788 ; d. Aug. 5, 1863 ; m. Ezra Gates, q. v.
V. Abraham, 2 b. Feb. 2, 1790; killed by the falling of a tree, July 15, 1813,

30 days before his father's death.
vi. Jean, 2 b. March 25. 1792.

2 vii. lames, 2 b. June 22, 1794.

3 viii. WilHam,2 b. Feb. 18 1797.

4 ix. Peter,2 b. Ryegate, Nov 9, 1800.

5 X. Andrew, 2 b. Kyegate, July 25, 1804.

These dates of birth are from a record obtained by Mr. Miller, Feb. 5,
1883, who also records the birth of a ' lassie," b in Scotland, Jan.
27, 1796, which does not appear in the family records.

1 John, 2 (Abraham, i) b. Inchinnan, Scotland, April 13, 1786. Came to Rye-

gate with parents; farmer and mason. He m. June. 1811 , by Rev.
Wm. Gibson. Hannah, dau. Robards Darling ofGmton (b. May 7,
1791.) Settled on the west lot of his father's farm, being the north-
west lot in Ryegate, which he cleared and lived on till 1837, when he
sold to his brother Andrew, and went west. He d near Joliet, 111.,
1838 or 1839 ; she d. Groton, about 1839 ; bur. on the hill near H. C.
Glover's.
Children all born in Ryegate.

6 i. EHza,3b. May 25, 1812.

ii. Abram,3 b. ab. 1814; d. un-m. Philadelphia, Pa.

7 iii. John D..^ b. May 17, 1816.

8 iv. James Milligan,3 b. Mav 17, 1817.

9 V. George W.,3 b. ab. 1823.

10 vi. Sarah Jane, 3 b. Julv 9, 1824.

11 vii. Nancy A. ,3 b. Dec. 10, 1828.

2 James, 2 (Abraham,!) b. June 22,1794. Came to R. with parents. Settled

on the farm which he cleared near his parents, where he spent his life,
his farm being the east end of the three corner lots in R. He was m.
Feb. 18, 1828, by Rev. [ames Milligan to Margaret, dau. John
Holmes (b. R. Feb. 13, 1800; d. June 18. 1844, her funeral sermon
being the first preached by Rev. James Beattie.) He d. Nov. 22, 1877,
bur. Peacham Corner.
Children :

GENEALOGY— WHITEHILL. 565

i. Nancy Elizabeth, ^ b. Feb, 26, 1830 ; m. Sept. 20, 1852, by Rev. Mr. Hitch-
cock to James F. Sawyer of Craftsiiury (b. Danville, Vt., June 6,
1828.) They rem to Omro. Wis. He served in the Union army, in
the 21st Wis., which went with Sheiman. He d. Jan. 14, 1880. One
dau. Helen May (b- April 17, 1859,) res. Omro. Mrs. Sawyer d. June
5, 190"!.

12 ii. Abram Patterson, 3 b. June 19, 1832.

iii. Margaret Galbraith.3 li. July 23, 1834; m. Lester Low, q. v.

iv. Helen Mary A., b Sept. 15, 1837; m. March 13, 1869, William Cassady
(b Kingsley, P. Q.) Came to Barnet at the age of 17 ; enlisted in the
15th Vt., 2d in 1st Yt. Lavalry. He bought the James VVhitehill farm
where he Hved till death Oct 3,1903. Shed. May 12, I9(i8 ; bur. at
Peacham. One adopted son, Wilbert Renfrew who succeeded them on
their homestead. Mrs. Cassady prepared with care and accuracy, the
records of several families for this work.

3 William, 2 (Abraham, i) b. Inchinnan, Scotland, about March 9, 1797. Came

to R. with parents in 1^00; lived in the stone house after his father
built it until 1857 when he built the house where the No. Ryegate
creamery now is, and lived there. He m. 1st, 1834, Mary, dau. |ohn
Craig (b. Kyegate, June 12, 18 10; d July 30, 1844-.) 2d Sept. 2,
1847, Lucina i ingham (b |an. 4, 1818, who m. 2d, Hugh Dunn, q. v.;
d. April 17, 1883.) tied. April 9 1865. All bur. in Walter Harvey
cemetery. Members of Ref Pres. ch.
Children all born in Ryegate :
i. EHza,3 h. Oct. 8, 1834; m. March 15, 1855, Rev. John Capen of Mass.

>hed ' el). 1867. Ch Mary ,* b. 1857.
ii. Andrew. » b. Sept. 17, 1836; m. Oct. 1, 1874, Carrie Martin (b. 1842.)

Res. Peacham. Vt. No chil.
iii. Clara 3 b. June 1 5, 1838 ; m, Oct. 5,1857, Joseph Bailey. (He enlisted
in Co. (t.. 5th Vt., May 4 ls64 ; killed in battle, April 4, 1 865. 1 She
lived in Peacham ; d. Feb. 15, 1911. Ch. (1 ) George H.,* b. Aug. 24,
185S; m. 1st, Dec. 1, 1880, Sadie Brown. 2d, 1890, Rachel Bickle-
hammer. (2) Nellie L..^^ b April 28. 1861; m. Aug. 19, 1886, Scott
M. Farnum now of Lvndon, Vt. (3) Mary E,,* b. Oct. 8, 1864.

13 iv. William H. ^ b. Feb 25, 1841, q. v.

V. Curtis,3 b. Nov 7, 1843 ; d. Aug. 7, 1860.

By 2d marriage.
vi. Martha D.,3b, AprillO, 1849: m. Dec. 5, 1867, bvRev. G. M. Wilev,
VVm J. Smith, q. v.; d. Aug. 8, 1871.

4 Peter, 2 (Ahraham,i) b. Ryegate, Nov. 9, 1800. He bought ab. 1821, with

his bro Andrew, part of the Capt. Edmund Morse farm in Groton,
which they carried on about 10 yrs., when he bought his bro. out, the
farm now owned by Ale.x. J. Page, where he lived and d. He m. 1st,
ab. 1831, Elizabeth, dau. [ohn I 'unn, (b. Aug. 1. 1802; d. [uly 24,
1843.) 2d, bv lohn Darling. Esq., April H, 1845, Pata Eliza, dau.
John 2 (James 1) Whitehill (b. Sept. 26. 1819; d. Sept. 22, 1878.) He
d Avig 27, 1884, bur. in Groton- Peacham cem.
Children bv 1st marriage.

14 i. Abraham'A.,3 b Dec. 9, 1831.

ii. Elizabeth, 3 b. April 12, 1834; ra. Feb. 6. 1867, Morris C. Vance; d. Gro-
ton, vlarch 8, 1900. 5 chil.
iii. Peter 3 b Oct. 27, 1839; d. lune 24, 1843.
iv. ludith Louisa,3 b. July 24. 1843 ; d. July 31, 1901 ; m, Chester Orr, q. v.

By 2d man iage
V. Lydia Jane, 3 b. Oct 21, 18 4-7; m John McKindley of Ryegate.
vi. Nancy Mariah,3 b. Nov. 24 1849; m. Groton, Dec. 31, 1872, by J. R.

Darling, Henry Eggleston of Barnet
vii. Caroline iJ.,3 b. .Mav 26, 185 i; m. Robert Darling of Groton.
viii. Peter Webster 3 b. Aug. 21, 1855; m. July 4, 1880, Cora Ainsworth;d.
Sept. 25, 1884. 2 ch.

566 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

ix. Justin, 3 b. Groton, Dec. 26, 1862; d. Jan. 21, 1884.

5 Andrew, 2 (Abraham,!) b. in Ryegate, July 25, 1804. Owned with his bro.

Peter the Edmund Morse farm in Groton, then settled near the corner
of the town west of where his son, Q. A. Whitehill lives ; buildings all
gone. He m. Nov. 28, 1837, by Rev. Wm. Pringle, Isabel R., dau.
John Craig (b. Dec. 13, 1811 ; d. Oct. 25, 1870). He d. Nov. 27, 1870.
Children :
15 i. Caroline,3 b. Sept. 25. 1838.

ii. Louisa Jane,:^ b. April 1, 1841 ; d. un-m. July 19, 1893.
iii. Curtis, 3 (adopted) son of Wm. and Mary [Craig] Whitehill, b. Nov. 7,

1843, adopted July 1844; d. Aug. 7, 1860.
iv. Quincy Andrew, 3 b. Aug. 14, 1848. Farmer on the homestead of Abra-
ham Whitehill. Town representative 1896. Elder in Pres. ch. W.
Barnet. He m. Sept. 2, 1885, by Rev. John Bole, Abbie A., dau. Wm.
Warden (b. Barnet, Oct. 26, 1856). Ch. Nelson Craig,^ b. Nov. 16,
1894.

6 Eliza.s (Iohn,2 Abraham, i) b. Mav25, 1812; m. March 22, 1839, Thomas

Goodwin (b. May 1812; d. Feb. 16, 1888.) Shed. Groton, Nov. 7,

1895.
Children:
i. John W., 4. [Goodwin] b. Dec. 13,1839; m. June 19, 1861, Celestia M.

Kittredge of Lowell, Mass, He d. March 31, 1876. Ch. (1) Elsie

M.,5b. Aug. 5, 1862. (2) George K., 5 b. April 12, 1865. (3) Minnie

E.,5 b. July 8, 1866. (4) Lizzie J. ,5 b. May 31, 1869. (5) Daisy N.,2

b. April 14, 1872. (6) John J. ,5 b. June 19, 1875,
ii. Reuben,^ [Goodwin] b. Aug. 4, 1841 ; enlisted in Co. H., 3d Vt. Vols, in

the Civil war; wounded in the Wilderness, May 5, 1864, d, May 17, of

his wounds,
iii. Phebe R.,* [Goodwin] b. July 3, 1843; d. Jan. 15, 1866; m. Wesley J.

Milllis, q. V.
iv. Elsie Jane,* [Goodwin] b. July 3, 1845 ; drowned in Groton Pond, July

4, 1862. .
V. George W.,* [Goodwin] b. April 7, 1848; m. 1875, Henrietta Boulanger

of Canada, who d. April 30, 1894. 2d, Aug. 1, 1895, Annette Bragg

of Strafford, Vt.
vi. Hannah J.,* [Goodwin] b. April 8, 1850; m. Nov. 7, 1866, Timothy

Emerv. She d. June 23, 1893.
vii. Mary S.,* [Goodwin] b. June 27, 1856; m. Sept. 6, 1888, Wentworth B.

Morton. t

7 John D.,3 (John, 2 Abraharn.i) b. May 17, 1816; blacksmith; m. March 29

1838, Ehza Ann, dau. David and Betsey Silver (b. April 10, 1818; d-
Groton March 24, 1849.) He d. in G., May 20, 1848; bur. in Groton
cem.
Children :
i. Hannah,* b. Groton, Jan. 10, 1839 ; d. Feb. 15, 1845.

ii. John n.,4b. Groton, July 17, 1845; enlisted in a N. H. Reg. in the civil
war; discharged from disability arising from eating cakes containing
ground glass, sold by a rebel woman. Ret. to Vt.; re-enlisted in Co. I,
2d Mass. Cav.; d. of measles at Yorktown, Va., March 30, 1863.

iii. David Osman,* b. May 1, 1847; shoemaker; went to Wis. 1871; m.
Mary A., dau. Cutting and Sarah J. [Whitehill] Bennett; d. Sept. 7,
1904. Ch. (1) Mrs. C R. Moore.s (2) Lottie.^ (3) Osman Dar-
ling,^ all of Wonewoc, Wis.

8 James Milligan, 3 (John, 2 Abraham, i) b. May 17, 1817; m. July 27. 1843,

Sylvia Ann Heath, who d. March 6, 1893. He d. Aug. 22, 1893.
Children :
i. Josephine L.,* (Mrs. Sharp.)
ii. Harold Alonzo.*
iii. George Adelbert.*

GENEALOGY— WHITEHILL. 567

iv. Harvey,*

V. Horace L.,* d. in 4-th year.

vi. Sarah Myra,* (Mrs. Shephard) d. at Ora, Neb. aged 33.
vii. ThaddeusK. 4d. at 32.
One ch. d. in infancy.

9 George W.,3 (John, 2 Abraham, i) b. about 1823; blacksmith; enlisted Dec.

15, 1863, Co. B, 6th Vt. Vols.; taken prisoner at the Battle of the
Wilderness, May 5, 1864; d. Andersonville prison. He m. 1st, Emily
Heath (b. Canada, 1823; d. Groton, Nov. 20, 1854.) 2d, Mrs. Susan
[Lund] Eggleston.
Children (bv 1st marriage) all born in Groton.
i. Wm. H. H.> b. Groton 1846; enlisted Dec. 15, 1863, Co. B, 6th Vt. Vol.

Served through the w'ar ; settled at Avon, Montana. No ch.
ii. George W.,* b. Groton, ab. 1848 ; d. Boston, July 3, 1873.
iii. Benjamin.* b. April 6, 1852.
iv. James William,* b. June 15, 1854.

By 2d marriage.
V. William Wallace,* b. Dec. 13, 1857,
vi. OHYe,*.b.July 13, 1860.
vii. Emily,* d. young.

10 Sarah Jane3, (John, 2 Abraham, i) b. Rj-egate, July 9, 1824; m. Dec. 26,

1839, Cutting Bennett of Groton. They went to Wis., and settled at
Prairie du Sac, where he d. Sept. 8, 1867. She d. 1889.
Children :
i. Lydia R.,* [Bennett] m. O. M. Langman ; res. Prairie du Sac.
ii. Julia A.,* [Bennett]* m. T. K. Dunn. Res. Elroy, Wis.
iii. Stephen W.,* [Bennett.]* Res. Prairie du Sac.
iv, Albert H.,* [Bennett.]* Res. No. Freedom, Wis.
V. Leverett,* [Bennett.]* Res. Belleville, Wis.
vi. Mary A.,* [Bennett] m. David O. Whitehill. q. v.
vii. Peter W.,* [Bennett.] Res. Williamsburg, Va.

11 Nancy A. ,3 (John.^ Abraham, i) b. Dec. 10, 1828; m. April 28, 1850, L. Har-

rison Page; d. March 10, 1878. He d. Oct. 4, 1882, near Prairie du
Sac, Wisconsin.
Children all born Groton.

Curtis,* [Page] b. Aug.-26, 1852; d. Groton, Feb, 8, 1854.
Charles H.,* [Page] b. Sept. 5. 1855; d. Baraboo, Wis.. Dec. 12, 1907.
iii. Harwood V.,* b. March 5, 1860; res. Prairie du Sac, Wis.

12 Abram Patterson, 3 (James, 2 Abraham, i) b. June 19, 1832; common school

education ; farmer on homestead till d. He m. Jan. 1864, bv Rev. J.
M. Beattie, Lydia M., dau. William Whitehill of Groton (b'Feb. 10,
1843.) He d. April 23, 1867.
Children :
i. Fannie May,*b. April 15, 1865; d. Jan. 1888; m. Sept. 15, 1887, Silas

Page of Groton.
ii. Nellie Anna,* b. Jan. 1867; m. also Sept. 15, 1887, Palmer Dickerman of
Topsham. Ch. Mary, Fanny and Margaret. Mr. Dickerman rep.
Topsham in the legislature of 1896.

13 Wm. Henry Harrison, 3 (Wm.,2 Abraham, i) b. Feb. 25, 1841. Enlisted July

2. 1862, in Co. A, 10th Vt. Served most of the time in 1st Brig. 3d
Div. 6th Army Corp. Was in Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Peters-
burg, Winchester, Fisher Hill, Cedar Crtek and Appomatox. Must,
out June 22 and reached home July 2, 1865. Went to Iowa, 1867
and settled at Green Mountain; rem. to State Center, 1871. Held
town and county offices, was commander of Grand Army Post, and a
mem. of Pres. ch. He m. 1869, Margaret J. Gibson (b. Barnet, Jan.
10.1840.) ^■^\y-]

•Deceased.

568 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Children :
i. Nelson McPhee,* b. Green Mountain, Iowa, Oct. 13, 1870 ; physician at

Boone, Iowa. He m. Dec. 25, 1897, Mary L. Brown. Ch. (1)

Sarah Margaret,^ b. Dec. 31, 1898. (2) Charlotte Brown, 5 b. Jan.

27,1901. 3) /n^i/t-* if^^i^-AxV
ii. William John,* b. Stfte Centre. la.. Dec. 25,1872. In bus. there; m.

April 9, 19(i3, Etta Major. Ch. Dorothy Annabel. 5 b. Nov. 30, 1905.
iii. Benj.iniin Chase * b. March 6, 1875 ; m. April 5. 1900, Mamie Vance. Ch.

(1) Nelson William.s b. March 3,1901. (2) Joseph Gibson, 5 b. Nov.

22, 19()2.
iv. Annabel Gibson,* b. June 29, 1877 ; teacher at Fort Collins, Colorado.

14 Abraham A. ,3 {Peter,2 Abraham, i) b. Groton, Dec. 9, 1831. Bought the Ed-

mund Morse farm of A. H.Hill in 1857. He m, 1st, Jane Adeline.

dau Reuben VVhitcher (b. Oct 15, 1826; d. April 22,1865. 2d, March

13, 1867, Mrs. Almina Simons, widow of Abram M. Whitehill who d.

Aug. 14, 1873. He d. June 16, 1872; bur. Walter Harvey cem.
Children by 2d marriage,
i. Peter Grant,* b. April 26, 1868; d. May 6, 1874.
ii. Addie E ,* b. May 20, 1871 ; d. March 18. 1892.

15 Caroline. 3 ( Andrew, 2 Abraham, i) b. Sept. 25. 1838 ; m. Dec. 1, 1859 by Rev.

David Packer, Lorenzo D. Hooker (b. June 2, 1833; d. Hardwick, Vt.,
May, 1903.) She d. Cabot, Vt., June 30, 1867.
Children all born Cabot.
i. Alfred Curtis,* [Hooker] b. April 12, 1862; m. Oct. 1, 1896 by Rev. W.
T. Swinnerton, Mary Agnes Lupien. Ch. Mildred Whitehill, ^ b,
April 14, 1900,

ii. Almira Isabel.* b. Aug 12, 1863; m. at Plainfield, Vt., July 16, 1888 by
Rev. John J Hall, Rev. W. T. Swinnerton, then pastor of the Cong,
ch, at I'lainfield, Ch. (1) Caroline Hooker.^ [Swinnerton] b. May
19, 1889. (2) Emma Isabel, ^ b Aug. 11, 1W90; m. at Springdale,
Conn., Oct. 6, 1909 by her father, to \lhert P. E. Gascoigne. (3 ) Alice
May 5 b Oct. 31 1891 ; m at same time and place as her sister Emma,
Herbert T. Gascoigne. (4) Laura Gertrude,^ b. April 5, 1893. (5)
Arthur Vincent.^ b. Feb. 4, 1896.

iii. Annette Louisa,* b. March 2,1865; m. May 4, 1887, Willard E. Long.
3ch.

WHITELAW.

William Whitelaw of Burnhead, Both well parish, Lanarkshire, Scotland,
was b in 1715, and d. Oct. 1 787. fie was an extensive farmer, hold-
ing several " tacks." as lea-ed farms aie called in Scotland. His let-
ters indicate a man of good education, and excellent business judg-
ment. Hem. Marion Hamilton (h Bothwellhaugh, Bothvxell parish,
1726; d. 1773.) John Whitelaw, bro. of William, lived to the great
age ot 106 years, walking ten miles to a funeral the v^^eek before his
death. John Whitelaw. of the same family, in an CHrlier generation,
was executed at the Old Tolbooth of Kdinburgh in 1683, four years
after the hattle of Bothwell Bridge in which he had taken a part, and
was well known as a determined supporter of Covenanting principles.
The children of William Whitelaw as far as we can gather from
his letters were — William, James, Thomas, George, Alexander, Jean,
Marion and Janet. lean m. George Jackson; Thomas m. Isabel
Cross in Feb. 1786; lames and Alexander came to America. William
Whitelaw w'ls a Whig an-l his sympathies were with the American
cause in the revolutionary war.

James,! son of Wm., was b. at Old Monkland Jan. 31, 1748, in a house
which stood till 1896. He early showed a talent for mathematics,
was well educated and became a practical land surveyor. His ability

GENEALOGY— WHITELAW. 569

and fidelity must have been well known, as at the age of 25 he was
chosen by the Scotch- American Company of Farmers as one of their
commissioners to go to America and select lands for settlement. His
trayels and labors are related in the earlier chapters of this volume.
His ability as a land survey or early attracted attention and on Feb.
27, 1782, he was apppointed by Ira Allen, then Surveyor General, to
ascertain, in pursuance of an act of the legislature, the bounds of
towns on Connecticut River from the s. e. corner ot Norwich to the n.
e. corner of Barnet, thence as far as towns had been granted, making
a plan of the river, marking the general course of all streams. This
task he executed with so much fidelity that in 1784, Mr. Allen re-
signed the office in Mr. Whitelaw's favor, to which he was annually
re-elected by the legislature as long as he chose to serve. The office of
Surveyor General was then, perhaps, the most important in the state.
Asa land surveyor he had no superior, and " Whitelaw's Svirveys"
are still constantly referred to as authority in all matters relrtting to
lands and roads. His duties led him into all parts of the state, nmch
of which was unhroken wilderness; he surve3'ed and made maps of
more than 40 towns. Many of these maps were found by the editor
of this volume among his papers, and are now carefully mounted in
the office of the secretary of state at Alontpelier. In 1 804 he resigned
his office, and opened a land office at his home, attending to the pur-
chase and sale of lands, and the charge of estates for non-residents.
His knowledge of lands in all parts of the state was marvelous and
he seems to haA'e been able to give at a moment's notice, a description
of any tract of land under his charge, its situation, soil, timber and
probable value. His correspondence was immense, embracing prom-
inent men in all parts of the country, and in four small folio volumes
are recorded the abstracts of his replies to more than 8000 letters.
His papers contain incidentally, a vast amount of information regard-
ing the early history and settlement of the northern part of the state.
The journals of the General Asseml)ly and of the Governor and Coun-
cil show the high estimate in which he was held. In 1788 he made a
plan of the state, and in 1796 made the first map of Vermont which
he improved and enlarged in 1810. of which many copies were printed.
This map shows the hjcation of villages, roads, meeting houses, mills,
etc. The copyright for this map was sold to Etienezer Hutchinson of
Windsor, who printed an enlarged edition and all the township maps
of the state are based upon Whitelaw's map. In 1813 he prepared a
map of the northern part of the U. S., and the scjuthern part of Can-
ada.

He seems to have been the first town representative, and \vas
chosen by the legislature as the member from Caledonia county of a
committee to fix upon a permanent capital for the state. Montpelier
being selected, in 1.S05, General Whitelaw, Elijah Paine of Williams-
town and Ezra Cutler of Waterbury, were chosen a committee "to
fix upon a place in the town of Montpelier for the erection of build-
ings for the accommodation of the legislature of this state and pre-
pare a plan for such buildings." His abilities were recognized in other
states. In 1801 the N. H. legislature voted that Gen. James Whitelaw
of Kyegate, Gen. Elias Stevens of Royalton and Col. NHcah Barron oi
Bradford, all in Vermont, should be a committee to locate and survey
the 4th New Hampshire Turnpike. Farty spirit, personal and politi-
cal animosities, prevented the selection of men in that state for the
purpose, while all could agree to leave the matter in the hands oi these
gentlemen from Vermont. His capacity for transacting business was
marvelous. He performed an immense amov:nt of work, yet his cor-
respondence shows no trace of haste and from it one would gain the
impression that he was a gentleman of leisure. He was scrupulous to
a degree and with opportunities for acquiring immense wealth was
only in comfortable circumstances. He received grants of wild land in

570 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

different parts of the state, much of which was of httle value in his
own time and for his services for the town and state is not beHeved to
have received anything like adequate compensation. In person he was
about five feet ten inches in height, with a sinewy, well-knit frame, ca-
pable of great endurance. He had a singular indifference to cold,
and would survey all day in the most severe weather, seldom using
any covering for his hands, remaining night and day in the woods for
weeks at a time.

From the time he left Scotland till his appointment as Surveyor
General he was the manager for the Scotch American Co., kept its ac-
counts, and executed deeds of land in its behalf. He was town clerk
nearly 50 years, and the first postmaster, holding the office nearly 30
years, and- it was mainly by his efforts that the mail route was ex-
tended from Newbury to Danville. He was a trustee of Peacham
Academy from its opening to 1811, and with Col. Harvey gave the
name to Caledonia County. His immense collection of bound news-
paper volumes was lost in the burning of the State House, Jan. 5,
1^57. His compass, made by John Gardner of Glasgow, his sur-
veyor's chain and the journal of his journey with David Allan through
the middle and southern colonies are owned by the Vt. Historical So-
ciety, the spy-glass used by him in surveying is in the Museum at St.
Johnsbury, and his maps of towns and surveys are in the office of the
Secretary of State at Montpelier.

For his services in surveying the town he received a grant of land
now comprised in the farms of Albert M. Whitelaw and Hermon Mil-
ler, and his first house, the first framed dwelling in Caledonia Co.,
built in 1775, stood till 1909. He died after a short illness, April 29,
1829, and was bur. at R3'egate Corner. In politics he was a Federal-
ist; and was a Mason of high degree, both in Scotland and in America.
He was a member of the established Presbyterian church in Scotland,
but was never connected with any church in America, yet lived a strict
religious life, and was a strong and liberal supporter of the Associate
church. " P'ew men," wrote his daughter, "were more beloved in life
or lamented in death." "I wish," wrote Col. Thomas Johnson to
Major Caleb Stark in 1803, "you knew our Surveyor General, Mr.
Whitelaw. You don't meet more than one such man in a lifetime."
Mr. Miller savs. "I was born in his day, and have heard more about
him than any other man, and never a syllable to his disparagement."
Yet Mr. Miller records one instance where his patience was tried be-
yond endurance. He was noted for his hospitality, and his kindness
to the unfortunate. His funeral sermon was preached by Rev. Thomas
Goodwillie of Barnet, who prepared a biographical sketch published
in the St. Johnsbury Caledonian, Nov. 18, 1864, and reprinted by the
Vermont Historical Society in 1908.

James Whitelaw was m. 1st by Rev. Peter Powes, March 4, 1778
to Abigail, dau. of Col. Robert Johnston of Newbury (b. Hampstead,
N. H., April 25. 1760; d. July 11, 1790.) 2d. Nov. 23, 1791 by Rev.
Nathaniel Lambert toSusanna Rogers of Bradford (b. 1746; d. 1815).
3d, Aug. 29, 1815 by Rev. David Goodwillie to Janet, dau. Walter
Brock and widow of Col. Alexander Harvey (b. 1767; d. 1854.)
Children all bv 1st marriage.

1 I. RoBERT,2 b. Nov. 26, 1778 ; d. March 9, 1859.

2 II. WiLLi.\M,2 b, July 14, 1781 ; d. Dec. 5. 1858.

III. Abigail,2 b. May 23, 1783; d. April 1, 1861 ; m. Alexander Henderson,

q. V.

IV. Marion,2 b. Jan. 31, 1787; d. Jan. 7, 1864; m. William Wallace of New-

bury. See History of Newbury.
1 Robert, 2 (James, i) b. Nov. 26, 1778; farmer, his farm being a large part of
that now owned by A. M. Whitelaw. His house,, where he kept tav-
ern a long time, was on the north side of the road, east of the present ,

GEN. JAMES WHITELAW.

(silhouette.)

ROBERT WHITELAW AND MEHITABhL BARRON WHITELAW.

WILLIAM T. WHITELAW. MRS. ABIGAIL WHITELAW HENDERSON.

GENEALOGY — WHITELAV . 571

house. The buildings are all gone. Gen. Whitelaw's work as a sur-
veyor and other public business kept him much from home, and the.
management of his affairs fell upon Robert. The farm was large and
productive. One year he raised 1300 bush, of oats in one field all
reaped with a sickle, and threshed with a flail, averaging a bushel
from 12 sheaves. At one time he engaged quite extensively in the
manufacture of spinning wheels, supplying the whole section. Women
sometimes came from a distance to reap grain to pav for a wheel. He
also erected a tannery on his farm as early as 1815, in which was car-
ried on a shoe making business, employing several men. Prominent in
town and county affairs, being town representative 1823— '25, '35,
'86, '4-2, '44, nine years; director in the Passumpsic Turnpike Com-
pany, and other enterprises. He had his first pair of shoes at 12
years of age and used to walk barefoot to church at Newbury, put-
ting on his shoes when he reached there, taking them off again to walk
home. He was not a church member, but conducted devotional ex-
ercises in his family and knew the Shorter Catechism from beginning
to end. He was a man of strict integrity. Mrs. Whitelaw was a
member, successively of Cong, ch.'s in W. Bath, Newburv and Wells
River. He m. Feb. 27. 1804, Mehitabel, dau. Col. John and Mehita-
bel [Rogers] Barron (b. Bradford, Nov. 24, 1779; d. Griggsville, 111.,
July 27, 1868). He d. March 9, 1859; both bur. at Ryegate Corner.
The old tavern stand was taken down ab. 1882.
Children :
i. Susanna Mehitabel. 3 b. Dec. 4, 1804, d. y.

3 ii. John Barron, 3 b. April! 1, 1806,

4 iii. James Hamilton, 3 b. Oct. 3, 1807.

5 iv. William Trotter,3 b.Julv 4, 1809.

V. Abigail Johnston, 3, b. June 11, 1811 ; d. July 5, 1875; ni. Wm. J. White.

q. V.
vi. Susanna Mehitabel, 3 b. Nov. 22, 1812 ; d. April 17, 1899 ; m. Moses W.

White, q. v.
vii, George Peters, 3 b. Aug. 1, 1815; d. Dec. 14, 1817.

6 Tin. Alexander Harvey. 3 b. July 20. 1818.

ix. Eustis Leroy,3 b. Aug. 13, 1825 : d. April 16, 1826.

2 William, 2 (James, i) b. July 14, 1781 ; went to N. Y. State while a young

man, remaining several years; ret. to the homestead and m. by Rev.
Thos. Ferrier, May 29, 1823. Helen, dau. Col. Alexander Harvey (b.
Dec. 14, 1783; d. March 17, 1872.) Succeeded his father on the home-
stead and built the present house on the site of the 2d frame house
built by his father. He d. Dec. 5, 1858. No chil.

3 John B.,3 (Robert, 2 James, i) b. April 29, 1806. Was taught surveying by his

grandfather, Gen. James Whitelaw. In mercantile bus. N. Y. City
1835-40; rem. to St. Louis 1840, to Galena, 111., 1845, to Mineral
Point, Wis., 1846, where he again became a surveyor. App. by the U.
S. government to survey and select the swamp lands of W' isconsin
in which he was engaged a number of years. He m. 1828. Caroline
Gillett of White River Junction. She d. 1860. and he ret. to St. Louis,
where his only living ch. had located. He d. Dec. 4, 1884, at the home
of his sister, Susan J. White, Griggsville, 111.
Children :
i. Son, 4 d. in young manhood.

7 ii. George P.,* b. Ryegate, May 28, 1830.

4 James Hamilton. 3 (Robert. 2 James. i) b. Oct. 3, 1807. Went west when a

young man, and settled finally at St. Louis, where he was quite prom-
inent, and was harbor master for many years. Nothing can be
learned regarding his family.

5 William Trotter, 3 (Robert, 2 James, i) b. July 4, 1809; farmer with his

father, and succeeding him ; carpenter, serving his time v^'ith Leonard
Gale of Wells River; his special work was wood turning, or lathe

572 HISTORY OF RYEGATE. VERMONT.

work. When married he bought 50 acres of the old Whitelaw farm,
on which he built the present house m 1843. At the death of his
father he purchased the no. half of his estate. Justice of the Peace
many years and during the civil war was enrolling officer; also on
com. to enlist men to fill quotas; town rep. 1851, '52. He m. in
Peacham, April 30, 1835 by Rev. L. Worcester, Lucy Wells Morse (b.
Oct. 1817; d. Jan. 2,1866.) Members of Cong. ch. at Wells River.
Their greatest success w^as the founding of a typical N. E. home. He
d. May 17, 1888.
Children ;
i. Britann* b. Jan. 10, 1838; m. W. W. Wright, q. v.

8 ii. Oscar L.,* b, May 19, 1841.

9 iii. Albert M.,* b. Aug. 2, 1844.

10 iv. Robert H.,* b. Sept. 11, 1847.

6 Alexander Harvey, 3 (Robert, 2 James, 1) b. 1815; m.ab. 1848, Mary Sum-

ner of Nashua, N. H. Went west about 1857 ; d. ab. 1870.
Children :
i. Alice.*

ii. Abigail,* b. March 27, 1852 (T. R.)
iii. Conrad.*
iv, Carlos S.*

7 George P.,* (John B.,3 Robert, 2 James,i) b. Ryegate. May 28, 1830, Went

with parents to New York, St. Louis and Wis. Crossed the Plains,
1850 to Cal., and was in gold mining till 1853 ; ret. to St. Louis and
was in the mercantile business until 1874, now conducted by his cous-
ins and successors, Oscar L., and Robert H. Whitelaw; traveled some
vears, still calling St. Louis his home ; rem. permanently in 1 879 to
Santa Barbara, Cal. He m. Dec. 22, 1859, Emma J. Gill of St. Louis.
Children :
i. Charles W.,2 b. St. Louis. Sept. 27, 1860 ; ed. grammarschool and Racine
(Wis.) College. In wholesale grocery bus. at St. Louis 1880-'93,
when he became vice-president of the Huse-Looniis Ice and Transpor-
tation Co. In 1893 he organized the Polar Wave Ice and Fuel Co.,
and became its president and so remains. Res. 5291 W'estmister Place,
St. Louis. He m. Sept. 16, 1885, Jennie Lee Nanson. Ch. George
P., 6 b. March 7, 189U.

ii. George G.,5 b. St. Louis, Oct. 14, 1862 ; ed. prim. dept. Washington Univ.;
grad. Harvard Univ. 1887. In wholesale grocery business, and now
vice-president of the Scudders-Gale Grocery Co. Res. St. Louis 5825
Gates Ave. He m. Oct. 16, 1889, Fredericka Allison. No ch.

iii. Emma ].,^ m. Judge Daniel G. Taylor, now on the Circuit Bench, St.
Louis.

8 Oscar Livingston,* (Win. T.,3 Robert,2 James,i) b. May 10, 1841. Com.

sell. edu. and 3 terms in Peacham Acad. Clerk in Baldwin & Burpee's
shoe store. St. Johnshury; later with J. C. Bingham at St. J. Tele-
graph operator there till enlisted 1862 in Co. K, 15th Vt. Vols.; served
as ward master. After discharge, with M. S. Burr & Keyes, drug-
gists, Boston, as clerk and traveling salesman, in the Provinces.
W'ent to St. Louis as clerk for George P. Whitelaw, in the paint and
oil business which had been established 1853. and in 1885 with his
brother Robert suceeeded to the business under the firm name of
" Whitelaw Bros., Healers and Commission Merchants in Chemicals,
Oils, Paints and Drugs." Office 409 No. Second St., res. 3631 Wash-
ington Ave. Member of Merchant's Exchange (2d vice-pres., 1897 ;
' 1st vice-pres , 1898 ; pres., 1899.) President of National Paint and
Varnish Ass., 1889; President National Transportation Ass., 1897-
1900; member and vice-pres. Business Men's League of St. Louis;
app. 1911 by Pres. Taft, .Assistant Treasurer of the U. S., in charge
of the Sub-Treasury at St. Louis, Member of board of trustees and
president some years of St. Louis Public Library. Member of First

GENEALOGY — WHITELAW. 573

Cong, ch.; treas. St. Louis Bible Soc; registrar St. Louis Ass. Cong.
Ministers and Churches. Member N. E. Soc, Ransom Post, G. A. R.,
and of several clubs and associations. He m. at St. Louis, May 8,
1873, Lillie Dwight Lathrop.
Children :
i. Mrs. Grace L. Wallace. ^
ii. Mrs. Bessie D. Terry. ^
iii. Mrs. Lucy L. Rexford.s
iv. Hamilton D.s

9 Albert Morse,* (Wm. T.,3 Robert, 2 James, i) b. Aug. 2, 1844; com. sch. ed.;

farmer on homestead. Private in Co. K, 15th Vt. Vols., in the civil
war. Member of state militia 2d Brigade, 6th Reg. Co. F. Fourth
sergeant at organization Dec. 12, 1864; prom, to captain May 6,
1865; served till disbanded. He m. at Bath, N. H., June 19, 1867. by
Rev. Asa Mann, Stella Ann Squier, (b. Newbury, May 20. 1846.)
Members of Cong. ch. at Wells River in which he has been a deacon
since 1 877. A spot about eight rods e. of his barn, on the site of the
log cabin built by James Whitelaw was in early times and for many
years called '' Old Smoky." Supposed to have been called so because
it was low, swampy land where smoke naturally settles.
Children all born in Ryegate.
i. Harry Allison, 5 b. Feb. 28, 1871; m. in Boston, Mass., Jan. 3, 1900,
Georgena Harrington, dau. of Charles and Gladys Greenough (b.
Worcestershire, Eng., July 28, 1877.) Supt. National Sailors Home at
WoUaston Heights. Mass.

ii. William Herbert,^ b. Feb. 19, 1873; m. at Franklin Falls, N. H , June 8,
1898, Lottie Mav, dau. LeRoy W., and Charlotte [Morrison] San-
born (b. Franklin Falls, Nov. 9, 1874; grad. 1897 from N. E. Holt
Normal, Music School, Lexington, Mass. ) Train despatcher at North
Station Boston, Fitchburg Div., B. and M. R. R.

iii. Lillian Gray.s b. March 13, 1876; m. in R. Sept. 5, 1905, Harry Bryant
Center ( b. Gloucester, Mass., Feb. 16, 1875; grad. 1900, with degree
of A. B, from College of Liberal Arts Boston Univ. Began work on
Boston Post, 1902, sporting editor of do. 8 yrs. Now [Dec. 1912]
business manager of Quebec Chronicle.) Ch. Edward Whitelaw,^
[Center] b. Boston. Jan. 4, 1907.

iv. Marion Louise. ^ b. Feb. 7, 1879; teacher for 15 vrs. in Vt. and Mass.
V. Stella Agnes, 5 b. Dec. 3, 1883.

10 Robert Henry,* (Wm. T.,3 Robert,2 James, i) b. Sept. 11. 1847; com. sch.

ed. Badly injured in left forearm by the discharge of a musket in
1862. After recovery grad. from Chamberlin's Bus. Coll., Boston.
With Gardner Brewer & Co., Wool Merchants, Boston; afterwards
with Boston Belting Co., as asst. cashier. Went to St. Louis as asst.
bookkeeper for Geo. P. Whitelaw. Has been in business there, and in
partnership with his brother Oscar L., since 1886. He has held many
positions of trust and responsibility, but his most conspicuous public
service has been in connection with the Municipal Bridge and Termin-
als Commission. This Commission was authorized by the Municipal
Assembly, and appointed by the Mayor in 1905. The Mayor is ex-
officio chairman and Mr. Whitelaw was selected as the vice-chairman,
a position which he still occupies. Situated as St. Louis is, on the
west side of the Mississippi River, with large interests in Illinois many
conditions had arisen which were a serious handicap to its mercantile
and manufacturing interests. The patient and painstaking efforts of
the Commission have entirely removed these obstacles, and brought
to harmonious adjustment many vexatious problems. In politics, re-
publican. Member of 1st Cong, ch., treasurer 21 yrs., member of
board of trustees 25 yrs. Member of Missouri and Vt. Hist. Soc's
and of the St. Louis Museum of Fine Arts ; member of St. Louis and

574 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Round Table clubs. He m. at St. Louis, Feb. 1876, Mary Gray. dau.
James and Rebecca [Bowen] Westgate of Nantucket, Mass. She d.
1890.
Children :
i. Margaret Gray,^ m. Eugene Smith Wilson, an attorney of St. Louis, and

a graduate of Amherst Coll.
ii. Ralph Thomas, 5 grad. Amherst Coll. 1902.
iii. Robert Malcolm, ^ grad. Amherst Coll. 1907.

The sons are engaged with their father in business and reside at the
Buckingham Hotel.

In 1844, Robert Whitelaw saw an advertisement stating that two children
named Whitelaw at Litchfield, Ct., whose parents were dead, would
be sent to the almshouse unless homes could be found for them, asking
any one interested to confer with the authorities of L. He drove to
L. got the children and brought them home, a girl of 4V2 yrs. and a
boy of 3 yrs. He adopted the girl and his brother William took the
boy. Their connection with the Ryegate family could not be traced,
Their record is as follows :

William S. Whitelaw b. Glasgow, Scotland, 1809; d. at Litchfield, Ct., Mar.

14, 1844. He m. Abbie S. (b. Maine 1813; d. Cold Springs,

N.J., Feb. 19, 1843.)
Children reared and educated in Ryegate.
i. Agnes S., b. Bangor, Me., July 14, 1838; d. West Dedham, Mass. Dec. 1,
1888.

ii. William H., b. Maine, Oct. 14. 1839; went to Hartford, Ct.. 1859: en-
listed 1862 in 19th Conn. Inf, afterward the 2d Conn. Heavy Artillery ;
wounded Sept. 19, 1864; dis. May 28,1865 on account of wounds.
Res. Hartford. He m. May 1875, "Cornelia E. Whitelaw of H. One
son b. Aug. 18, 1880 ; d. Feb. 25, 1886.

WHITELAW.

Alexander,! Whitelaw, son of William of Scotland and youngest bro. of
Gen. James Whitelaw was a calico printer by trade learning the trade
at Paisley. Came to Waltham, Mass., ab. 1796, and was avery skill-
ful workman. He m. ab. 1798 Mary Abbott of W. and d. there not
far from 1812, and his younger cliil. came to R. to live with their
uncle. Mrs. W. d. in Barnet.
Children (as given bv Mrs. Abbie Stuart Smith. )
i. Sallv,2, b. Dec. 2, 1800; m. Cvril French of Milton, Mass.
ii. Marion, 2 b. April 6, 1802 ; m. a Mr. Davis of Milton, Mass.
iii. ]ane,2 b. Dec. 26, 1803; m. William Stuart, q. v. of Barnet.
iv. Polly, 2 b. April 6, 1805; m, Joel Brock of Barnet. No chil.
v. Margaret,2 b. June 30, 1807 ; m. Walter Brock of Barnet. 12 chil., 6
sons , 6 daus.

vi. Alexander Hamilton, 2 b. July 30, 1809; m. Phebe . Lived and

d. at Laurel Hill, Ind.

WHITTAKER.

Samuel,! of Scotch-Irish descent, b. Londonderry, N. H., 1769 ; came to Bar"
net, 1795, then to R. where he lived with John Cameron 5 yrs. He
m. July 17, 1802 by Rev. William Gibson, Janet Little of Lyman, who
d. ab. Aug. 30, 1805. 2d, Dec. 11, 1806 by Rev. William Gibson,
Ruth. dau. Jacob Page (b. Haverhill, N. H., May 4. 1783; d. Dec. 14.
1854,) Samuel Whittaker's farm was between Geo. Cochran's and
G. G. Nelson's; buildings all gone, land afterward owned by W. J.
Symes, now by Mr. Cochran. He d. 1842 ; bur. at Ryegate Corner.
Members of Ref. Pres. ch.

GENEALOGY — WHITTAKER. 575

Children all born in Ryegate. By 1st ni. (from Family Bible of Samuel
Whittaker.)
i. Lydia,2 h. 1802; d. un-m.
ii. Janet,2-b. 1805; m. James Harvey.

By 2d marriage,
iii. Sarah, 2 b. Sept. 1 , 1809 ; d, July 3, 1833.
iv. Emeline,2 b. Oct. 14, 1812.
V. Nathan, 2 b. Sept. 6, 1822.

Emeline,2 (Samuel,!) b. Oct. 14, 1S12; m. 1st, at Ryegate by Rev. Wm.
Pringle, Jan. 25, 1840, John N. M. Scott (b. Ireland, May 7, 1818; d.
Sutter's Creek, Cal., Nov. 19, 1852). 2d. April 16, 1862, Bailey White
of Newbury (b. Nov. 30,1807; d. Feb. 1892). Lived in Newbury
1862 to 1905; d. at Columbus, O., Dec. 8, 1902, and bur. there.
Mem. Ref. Pres, ch. in R. and of Cong. ch. in Newbury. In Oct. 1892
she rec. a pension for the loss of her son David.
Children all born in Ryegate.
i. Samuel W..3 [Scott] b. Oct. 2, 1840; d. Bath, N. H., July 15, 1863.
ii. David, 3 b. Dec. 22, 1841 ; enlisted in the navy in the civil war; d. on the

U. S. Ship Pioneer, at sea, Aug. 10, 1863.
iii. Sarah E., 3 b. July 27, 1843; d. July 30, 1847.
iv. Caroline,^ b. Sep't. 11, 1845.
v. James P. ,3 b. Oct. 10, 1847.

vi. Nathan, 3 b. Sept. 18, 1850; m. at Boston, Dec. 31, 1871, Mary A. Roll.
See apjjendix for further record.

WILEY.

Rev. Geo. Martin Wiley i was b. at Putnam, N. Y., Dec. 13, 1830; fitted for
college at Ft. Edward Institute and Cambridge (N. Y.) Acad.; grad.
Union Coll., Schenectady, N. Y., 1859; Princeton Theo. Sem., 1862;
licensed by the Argyle Fres. and came to Ryegate Corner where he
was ordained and installed over the United Pres. ch. He res. March,
1868; pastor U. P. ch., W. Hebron, N. Y.. till res. Oct. 11, 1901 and
d. there April 15, 1902. He was a man of talent and power. Bur. at
Hebron where his people erected a monument over his grave. Hem.
at R. May 21, 1868. by Rev. Wm. S. Palmer of Wells River, Ella
Margarette, dau. M. R. Gray (b. Oct. 7, 1849; edu. Mclndoes and
Peacham Acads.)
Children, all b. W. Hebron, N. Y.
i. Mabel Gray. 2 b. April 28, 1872 ; grad. N. Y. State Normal College. 1890 ;
taught three yrs. in Argyle (N. Y.) Acad.; in Maynard, Mass one yr.;
in a training school, Norfolk, Va., three yrs; in New Dorp, Staten Is-
land, nearly three yrs. Was m. Dec. 27, 1899, by her father in W.
Hebron, N. Y. to Thomas E. Brownlee, a grad. of Yale Univ. and
professor of mathematics, Cheshire, Conn., where both taught some
yrs. In June, 1903, they came to IBrooklyn, N. Y., where Mr. Brown
was Prof of Math, in Heffley School for nine yrs. He grad. in law
from N. Y. Univ., 1910; ad. to the bar 1911. Now in practice in N.
Y. city. Ch. John. 3 b. Cheshire, Conn., July 25, 1903.

ii. Margaret Cummings,2 b. April 18, 1873; ed. W. Hebron Acad., studied
music, several years ; two years in Boston under the instruction of
Prof. James W. Hill; taught four yrs ; m. by her father, March 18,
1900, Howard P. Getz of Grand Junction, Iowa. Came to Chicago,
1902; rem. to Columbus, O., 1912; connected with Conn. Mutual
Ins. Co. Ch. Dorothy,^ b. Sept. 5, 1901. Elizabeth,3 b. May 25,
1905.

iii. Nellie Harvey, 2 b. June 6, 1874; ed. in public schools of W. Hebron;
studied music several yrs.; entered a bus. coll., at Albany, N. Y., com-
pleting the course ; held a position in a lawyer's office there. She m.
July 6. 1904, W. Hebron. N. Y.. by Rev. W. S. McEachron, John D.
Bell, a salesman. Ch. Kathryn,3 b. Feb. 8, 1912.

576 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

iv. George Martin, 2 b, Dec. 24, 1875 ; fitted for college, Glens Falls Acad.;
grad. Union Coll., 1899; asst. prin., St. Johnsville (N. Y.) Acad.;
prin. Palatine Budge, East Aurora, and Dunkirk High Schools; supt.
City schools, Dunkirk, N. Y., 19U5-'08; State Inspector of Schools,
1908— 'lU; Chief of administration division in N. Y. State education
department. He m. June 25, 1902, St. Johnsville, N. Y., Miss Lillian
Hoffman. Ch. Robert Hoffman, s b. Oct. 11, 1910.
V. John Gray, 2 b. Dec. 23, 1877; now with Am. Locomotive Works, Schen-
ectady, New York.

WOOD.

Hiram, ^ b. Burke, Vt., July, 1, 1805. His father was one of the first settlers
and built the first house in the town. His sister Mary was a tailoress
in Ryegate about 1838. Hii'am m. April 21, 1830, Hannah, dau.
Jonathan Gates (b. on the John S.Clough farm, March 29, 1803.) He
d. Nov. 1 1, 1845. She m. 2d, Ashael Burrington; d. Jan. 8, 1854.
Children born in Groton.
i. Mary Jane,2 b. May 19, 1832; d. Nov. 25, 1882; m. 1870, Wm. B. Wil-
son (b. Scotland, Aug. 20, 1818.)
ii, Eunice T.,2 b. May 25, 1834, on the Peter Gibson farm, Ryegate; m.
George E. Lind. Mr. Lind was a native of Germany. Lived at So.
Ryegate many years. See appendix. He d. Sept. 1, 1909; she d.
1907. Members of 1st. Pres. ch.
iii. John, 2 h. July 28, 1836.
1 iv. Hiram T.,2 b. Oct. 15. 1838; d. Dec. 8, 1892.

V. Roxana B.,2 b. April 14. 1840.
1 Hiram Thomas, 2 (Hiram, i) b. Oct. 25, 1838 in Groton; enhsted July 22,
1863, Co. B, 3d Vt.; wounded at the Battle of Cold Harbor, in the
neck, badly ; recovered and was in the last battles of the war around
Petersburg. He m. Rosina Darling; d. Topsham, Dec. 8, 1892.

Children:
i. Jennie E.,3 b. May 2, 1860; m. May 21, 1885, Everett E. Willey of Tops-
ham,
ii Nathan D.,3 b. Feb. 16, 1862; m. Nov. 30. 1886, Lillie E. Bixbv of Tops-
ham; d, Oct. 16, 1889.
iii. Geo. W.,3 b. Oct. 2, 1866; m. May 20, 1889, Myra A. Peaslee ; res. Barre,

Vt.; carpenter,
iv. Walter A. ,3 b. Feb. 18, 1879; m. July 4, 1891, Flora J. Bailey, gr. dau.
Percival Bailey ; res. Topsham.

WORMWOOD.

Daniel, 1 b. in Maine, 1787 ; lived in Cornish, Me., where he m. Mary True of
Sandford. They came to Groton 1807, and to Ryegate 1808 and be-
gan to clear the farm on the n. side of Blue Mt. afterwards owned by
Edward Miller and now by Thos. A. Meader. They lived in North-
umberland, N. H., ab. 6 yrs. She d. April 23, 1839. He d. Nov. 13,
1846.
Children:
i. Ira, 2 b. in Me. 1803 ; never m., d. Boston.

1 ii' Thomas, 2 b. Cornish, Me., Sept. 1805.

2 iii. Daniel.2b. Dec. 21, 1807.
iv James, 2 b. Groton, 1810.

v. Amos, 2 b. March 9, 1813 ; went to Texas, ab. 1844. 2 ch.

vi Obadiah,2 b. Oct. 24, 1814; lived and d. in Boston,

vii! Mary,2 b. Nov. 9. 1816.

viii. John, 2 b. July 3, 1819 ; m, Sarah Boise ; went to Wis.

ixi Janet, 2 (twin to above) m. Wm. Fisk of Groveton, N. H.

GENEALOGY — WORMWOOD. 577

Thomas, 2 (Daniel, i) b. Cornish, Me., Sept. 1805; came to R. with parents,
and m. 1st, March 18, 1837, Sarah, dau. Wm. Orr (b. R. Oct. 5, 1811 ;
d. Oct. 31, 1865.) 2d, Sept. 11. 1872. Mrs. [Baileau] Sanderson. His
first w. and five chil. d. bet. Sept. 1865, and Feb. 1866. He d. Groton,
June 29, 1887, and bur. there. He lived in Topsham, Newbury and
Groton.

Children : (Dates bv E. Miller.)
Marv Ann, 3 b. Oct.'lS, 1839; d. Oct. 15, 1865.
Sarah Jane. 3 b. March, 1840; m. Herbert Snow of Seattle, Wash.
William, 3 b. 1843; served in the Union armv in Co. H, 12th Vt.; mus-
tered out Oct. 4, 1863 and d. Jan. 12, 1866.
iv. John, 3 b. Newbury, 1845; d. 1817.
Y. Margaret Ellen, 3 b. Oct. 16, 1846; d. Oct. 6, 1865.
vi. Caroline Amanda,3 b. [an. 5, 1850; d. Dec. 5, 1865.
vii. Obadiah,3 b. Nov. 17, 1851 ; d. Nov. 17, 1865.
viii. Harvev,3 b. Sept. 1852 ; res. in Wis.
ix. NeIson,3 b. Jan. 4, 1856; killed on the R. R. at Ricker's Mills, Feb. 6,

1879.
Daniel.2 (Daniel,!) b. Cornish, Me., Dec. 21, 1807; farmer in Ryegate n. of
Blue Alountain. He m. June 28, 1833, bv Rev. Wm. Pringle, Jennette,
dau. Alexander Cochran (b. Sept. 5,1809; d. in R.Aug. 11,1898.)
He d. in R. Dec. 15, 1885 ; lived a few years in Northumberland, N. H.
Children all b. in R.
i. Marv Ann, 3 b. April 1, 1834.
ii. Caroline F.,3 b. Dec. 25, 1836; d. Jan. 31,1891; m. George Lance of

Cabot. No children,
iii. Alexander C.,3 b. Dec. 2, 1838.
iv. Carlos A., 3 b. May 30, 1842 ; d. March 9, 1887.
v. Nelson. 3 b. Oct. 15, 1844; d. Feb. 9, 1846.
vi. Susan J. .3 b. Dec. 18, 1846; m. James R. McLam, q. v.
vii. Ehzabeth, b. Julv 16, 1849; d. March 5, 1850.
viii. Carlile,3 b. Dec. 6. 1852; d. Dec. 25. 1869.
ix. Robert N.,3 b. Julv 2, 1855; farmer at Lunenburg, Vt. He m. 1st, Mar-
garet A., dau. David Whitehill (b. Groton, April 3, 1855; d. at R. Jan.
20, 1903.) 2d. May 11, 1909 at Bradford, Vt., xMinnie E. Long of L.
Ch. by 1st m. Elizabeth J.,* Nelson A.*
Mary Ann, 3 (Daniel, 2 Daniel, i) b. April 1, 1834; m. Geo. A. Davis and res. at
Maiden Rock. Wis. [He served one year in the Union Army (1863-64)
in the 20th Wis. and again at the. very close of the war.] She united
with the Ref Pres. ch. in R. 1851 ; members with their dau. of the R.
P. ch. at Ono, Wis.
Children :
i. Elizabeth J., 4^ b. March 27, 1855; ra. March 11, 1876, Parmer Smith of
Ono, W'is. Ch. (1) N. Carlyle.s (2) Geo. Porter,^ who m. Kate
Thomas [p. 541] and Harvey G.^
ii. Harvey F.,*b. May 21, 1862; m. July 4, 1885, Lizzie Martin of Ono.

Ch. Ray,5 (dea.) Ralph, ^ George, ^ Florence, ^ Alice. ^
Alexander C.,3 (Daniel,2 Daniel,!) b. Dec. 2, 1838; went to Boston 1859,
in bus. there till 1886 ; merchant at East Topsham with J. R. McLam
and alone till 1907; rem, to Bradford 1898. and d. there Nov. 12,
1912; bur. at Topsham. He m. Jan. 10, 1870, Maria Gibbins of
Boston.
Children :
i. George Byron (adopted).

WRIGHT.

This family is descended from that Capt. Benjamin Wright whose journal is
given on p. 3, and who was very prominent in the frontier history of
the Connecticut valley. A more complete account of him may be

578

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

found in the histories of Greenfield, Deerfield, Hatfield, and Northamp-
ton which are in the library at Newbury. His father and grand-
father were named Samuel, and one of his sons was named Remem-
brance. Two daughters of the last named married two brothers
Richard and Moses Chamberlin, who settled in Newbury, and are an-
cestors of nearly all the Chamberlin families in this part of the country.
"Wright," and "Remembrance," are very common given names among
the Chamberlin and kindred families in this vicinity, and all derived
from this Remembrance Wright.

Er Chamberlin, son of Richard, the first settler at Wells River; m. as 2d
w^ife, his cousin Mercy Wright. Her brother Benjamin i came from
Northfield, Mass., in 1788, bought the farm long owned by Geo. W.
White, and m. July 1, 1790, Abigail, dau. [osiah Page (b, Newbury,
July 18, 1774; d. March 20, 1860.) Mr. Miller says that Benjamin
Wright was a man very highly esteemed. He d. March 11, 1802,
aged 50, and his widow soon after m. Hugh Johnson, q. v., reared
a 2d family of chil. and lived some 58 yrs. after her first husband's
death, surviving her 2d husband about 10 years. He is believed to
have been a member of the Associate ch. and his vote is recorded
against extending the call to Rev. Wm. Gibson.
Children, dates of birth of some not knoAvn.
i. Hannah,- m. Aug. 1811, Dudley, s, of Er Chamberlin. They lived and
d. in Bethlehem, N. H, Some of their dau's in. Carters and Gowings
of B.

ii. Abigail, 2 m. Foxwell Whitcher; d. in Groton, Jan. 28, 1885, aged 44
yrs., 1 mo. 3 d.; bur. at Ryegate Corner.

iii. Reuben,- while working in John McLure's brickyard wnth Ezra Gates
the t)ank caved in upon him and broke his leg badly. He was car-
ried to Dea. Brock's at Boltonville where his leg was taken off, but he
d. in about a week, a fine voung man.

1 v Walter S., 2 b. Oct. 1794.

2 vi. Wimam,2 b. Peb. 14, 1799.

1 Walter S.,2 (Benjamin, i ) b. Oct. 1794; spent most of his life in R. where he

d. Feb. 5, 1875. He in. Martha Elizabeth, dau. John Taylor (b. Nov.

24, 1794.
Children :
i. Benjamin. 3 b. 1821 ; d. 1825.
'ii. Reuben. 3 b. 1823 ; went west.
iii. Walter, 3 b. 1825; m. Polly Whitcher. He was scalded to death in Ira

White's paper mill at Wells River, ab. 1850, and his widow m. 2d,

Nov. 15, 1855, Andrew Brock of Newbury.
iv. William T.,3 b. 1827 ; lived in Lisbon, N. H.
V. Charles C.,3 b. 1829; worked in paper mill at Well River and Bradford;

m. a dau. of Joseph Martin whose wife was a dau. of Hugh Johnson.

12 chil.
vi. Frank S..3 b. 1832; shoemaker at Woodsville; m. a Miss Campbell. Left

this vicinity many vears ago.
vii. Tames W.,3 b. 1835.
viii Eliza A. ,3 b. Oct. 3, 1837; m. 1854, George Cameron who d. 1859. 2d.

Jan. 9, 1860 Sanderson. 3d, May 13, 1880, Edwin O.

Spencer. No further record.

2 William, 2 (Benjamin, i) h. Feb. 14, 1799. Lived one summer when about 14

in the family of Rev. Wm. Gibson. Emplo^^ed on the river several
vears, a hard life where heavy drinking was universal and acquired
habits against which he struggled allhis life, partially reforming several
times. In the revival of 1875 he was converted, joined the Methodist
church in Groton and in 1880 the U. P. church in Ryegate. of which
his wife had been a member more than 60 yrs. He m April 3, 1834,
Elizabeth, dau.- Dea. Andrew Brock, and widow of Joel Nutter (b. June
16,1797.) He d. Sept. 2, 1881. Their old age was made happy and
comfortable bv their son.

GENEALOGY— WRIGHT. 579

Children all born in Rvegate.
i. Waterman W.,3 b. March 21, 1835.

ii. Janet McPhee.3 b. April 17, 1837.

iii. Hermoni,3 b. Nov. 19, 1841 ; d. Dec. 11, 1869 ; m. Wm. Somers of Barnet.

Waterman Wells, 3 (William, 2 Benjamin, i) b. March 21, 1835 ; com. sch.
education very limited. Went to Boston at the age of 17, found em-
ployment in the teaming business, in which he showed such capacity
that he was admitted to the firm he started with, of which by hard
work and business ability, he became the head, employing a large
number of men and teams. As early as his means permitted he bought
a small farm for his parents about 1858, to which he added from time
to time, improving the buildings and cultivation until he had one of
the best farms in town, w-ith a herd of registered stock. This farm
includes most of the "town spot," and "common land" of the early
settlers, and is now owned by Wm. T. McLam and called Fairview.
He was deeply interested in the welfare of Ryegate, and when the Rye-
gate and Wells River Dairymen's Association was formed was one' of
its first members and officers, and was ever ready to assist with advice
and money. Through him the Ryegate public library was started.
He brought Rev. Dr. R. R. Meredith of Boston to Ryegate to deliver a
lecture, the entire proceeds of which, placed in the hands of a com-
mittee was the first contribution for what is now the Rvegate Free
Library. In all his enterprises he was loyally supported by his wife
whose ability, kindliness and ready intelligence created a wide and
increasing circle of friends and asssociates. Mr. Wright was of a re-
tiring nature and never held public office, although urged to do so.
Member of Masonic order being a Knight Templar, and of the I. O. O.
F., havmg served the latter body as its presiding officer. He m. Aug.
7. 1860, Brittann , dau. William T, Whitelaw (b. R. Jan. 10, 1838.)
Mr. Wright d. in Boston, Dec. 1888 ; bur. at Ryegate Corner.
Children:
i. Jessie Elizabeth,* b. Ryegate, May 9. 1861 ; m. in Boston, Jan. 11, 1883,
William Sylvester Streeter (b. E. Burke, Vt., July 3, 1855. son of Wm.'
R.. and Caroline C. [Hall] Streeter. Res. Minneapolis. Minn., banker.

ii. Fred Allen,* b. Boston, Nov. 30, 1865. In business in Boston.

iii. Arthur Alorrill,* b. Boston, Sept. 2, 1867. In business in Boston.

WRIGHT.

David, 1 b. in parish of Glamis, Forfarshire, son of Alexander and Agnes [Crich-
ton] Wright, Scotland, Jan. 30, 1812; enlisted in the British army in
1828 in the 77th Highlanders; served six years; ordered with his regi-
ment to Quebec, where his parents were living, and m there Jan. 26,
1836, Margaret SuUivan, b. Limerick, Ireland, Feb. 27, 1818. They
came to Peacham, thence to Ryegate. where he carried on the tailor's
trade (which he had learned of his father) about 30 years. He was a
skillful workman, and did a good business, his specialty being a dress
suit, consisting of a black broadcloth coat and pantaloons, with satin
vest. He was a great reader, and had a large fund of anecdotes and
reminiscences, and was a man of very cheerful temperament. They
united with the Ref Pres ch. at So. R., under the ministry of Rev.
Robert Hill. In his 50th year the old soldier enlisted in the 6th Vt.
Vols, in Sept. 1861, and remained with the regiment till Nov. 1863.
A discharge from the arm3\ at the solicitation of his wife, and in con-
sideration of having three sons in the army, reached him just before
the battle of Mine Run, but he refused to retire went through un-
hurt and returned home. He again enlisted in 186-i. into the 3d Vt.,
and continued with it through the Wilderness campaign. During the
battle he was made nearly blind by inflammation, yet continued w-ith
the regiment to Cold Harbor, where he became detatched from the

580 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

force and wandered three days aad was nearly starved. When brought
in by a New York soldier he was in such a state that his comrades did
not know him. He was sent to the hospital at Brattleboro tor treat-
ment; discharged Aug. 1865, but never recovered his sight or health,
and d. at Ryegate, Aug. 27, 1869, after great suffering which he bare
with resignation ; bur. at Ryegate Corner. During his service he took
part in 36 battles without receiving a wound, but suffered much from
painful operations upon his eyes. His bravery and patriotism deserve
a fuller biography. She d. June 17. 1888. Six married daughters fol-
lowed her remains to the grave. David and Margaret Wright had 13
chil.. 25 gr. children and 26 gt. gr. children, but none of their descend-
ants live in Ryegate.
Children :
i. lane M.,2 b. Oct. 13, 1837 ; m. David Esden, q. v.
ii' "Eliza, 2 b. April 26, 1839 ; m. Robert Esden, q. v.

iii! David S.,2 b. April 6, 1841. Went to Boston, teamster for Wright &
Hall; enlisted in the 35th Mass., serving three yrs ; ret. in broken
health; went to Chilicothe. O., engineer on B. and O. R. R. During
the last year ot his life a great sufferer from disease contracted in the
war. He m, in Boston Jane, dau. Wm. Warden, b. Ryegate.

He d. Chilicothe, O., Oct. 4, 1880. One dau. grad, Oberlin Coll ;
teacher.

iv. James, 2 b Nov. 8, 1842. Began life for himself at the age of ten yrs.
Lost the sight of one eye as the result of accident. Enlisted in Co. D,
1st Vt. Cav., 1861 ; after the battle of Gettysburg was made orderly
to Gen. Russell, 3d Brigade, 3d Division, and carried bis brigade flag
when on the march; for bravery at the battle of Rappahanock Station
he rec'd a furlough of 30 days; Avas with him in the Mine Run cam-
paign, 1864; went back to his regiment and was made color-bearer.
On one occasion when separated from his regiment a rebel surgeon
tried to capture the colors, but Wright not only kept the colors, but
captured the surgeon's case of surgical instruments, which he still
retains. Went to Ohio, 1865; fireman, and later engineer on the
Marietta and Cincinnati R. R. Went to the Central Pacific R. R.,
1873; engineer there 10 yrs., running special trains between Ogden
and San Francisco, among others the train which carried Gen. Grant
on his trip around the world ; and that which carried Pres. Hayes and
others. He was considered the best engineer on the road, making
some phenomenal runs and never hurt or killed a passenger or train
man. Ret. from service 1883 ; farmer at Sidney, Iowa. He m. 1868,
Melissa Druse of Belpre, Ohio. No ch.
V. Henry C.,^ b. Aug. 9, 1844; enlisted in the 6th Vt. Vols.; served two and
one half yrs. Killed at the battle of the Wilderness.

vi. George H.,2"b. Aug. 19, 1846. Teamster in Boston; shipped as a sailor,
not heard from for three yrs.; left the ship in New Zealand, with a
friend and had a narrow escape from death; embarked on a whaler ;
ice bound on the coast of Greenland, and the crew spent a winter
among the Esquimaux Indians. At home one year; fireman and engi-
neer on a R. R. in Ohio; went to San Francisco; became clerk in a
mercantile house and on the death of his employer m. his widow;
collector of Internal Revenue at San Francisco during Cleveland's ad-
ministration ; contractor of army supplies during the Cuban war. At
the time of the earthquake at San Francisco their home was destroyed
bv fire. Now (1908) engaged in mining.

vii. Iohn,2 b. Aug. 11, 1848; d. March 10, 1854.

viii Mary Anna, 2 b. June 20, 1851; m. John Lamb. 6 ch. She d. April 15,
1891.

ix, Robert Hill, 2 b. Dec. 22. 1852; fireman on railroad; injured in an acci-
dent near Athens, Ohio, 1874; d. 8 hours after.

X. Ellen, 2 b. Oct. 29, 1855; m. Dec. 16, 1885, Owen Somers ; res. Peacham.
d. Calgary, Alb., Dec. 1911; bur. at Peacham. Ch. (1) Florence.s
(Mrs. Mil'o Kinney.) (2) Carl. 3 (3) James.-^

GENEALOGY — WRIGHT. 581

Laura,2 b. Oct. 19, 1858; m. in Concord, N. H., Bracket! Ferrin ; res.
Spokane, Wash. Ch. Marguerite. ^

Albert, 2 b. June 9, 1860 ; farmer on [efferson Hill, Newbury ; road com-
missioner (1912). He m. Jan. 27, 1886. by Rev. D. McKinley, Jennie
R. dau. Robert Nelson. Ch. Benjamin 'Harrison, 3 b. Oct. 6, 1888 ;
farmer with his father; m. Aug. 16, 1911, Bertha May Daniels of Wat-
erford (b. July 3. 1886.)

Margaret. 2 b. March 11,1862; m. Winfield Emery; res. Boston. Ch.
Owen, 3 and Presley, ^ (Emery.)

APPENDIX

Blair, p. 2S9. For " Agnes, dau. Alexander Nelson," read "Agnes, dau. William
Nelson, 2d." In line 21, for "She d. suddenly," read, " He d. suddenly,,
etc." She is living.
Buchanan, p. 299, line 16. For "Mabel" read "Isabel."
Brown, p. 298. Received too late for its proper place.

James,* (Robert,3 Stafford, 2 Robert, i) b. K. Dec. 13, 1824., in a log house on
land now owned by Geo. Brown. Carpenter. He m. Dec. 23, J 853,
Chastina, dau. Timothy and Olive [Paul] Morrison of Groton.
Children :
i. Silas W.,5b. Nov. 19, 1854; d. Feb. 27, 1863.
ii. George M.,5 b. May 11, 1857; d. Sept. 7. 1863.
iii. Olive M..5 b. May 22, 1859 ; d. March 15, 1863.
iv. Minnie C.,^ b. Feb. 19, 1864; m. Leander P. Southard ; lives in Me.
V. Cora L.,5 b. July 23, 1866; d. Nov. 9, 1870.

vi. Morris R.,5 b. July 6, 1868; m. April 23, 1893, Lois M., dau. John Mc-
Coll (b. Nov. 13, 1872; d. Aug. 24, 1893.)
1 vii. Willis J ,5 b. Julv 6, 1868. (Twin to Morris.)

viii. Harry T.,5 b. March 24, 1874; m. June 8, 1898, Lillian Belle Renfrew of
, Groton. No chil.
Two others d. in infancy.
1 Willis J., 5 (James,* Robert, 3 Stafford, 2 Robert,i) b. Ryegate, July 6, 1868.
in meat bus. at So. R, He m. May 5, 1892, Julia E., dau. Newton E.
and Roxanna [Vance] Darling.
Children :
i. Burton L.,6 b. April 3, 1894.
ii. Clarence J., 6 b. June 13, 1896.
iii. Josephine E.,6 b. Dec. 13. 1898.
iv. Robert M..6 b. June 24, 1900.
V. Newton D.,6 b. Jan. 8, 1904.
vi. Theresa I. ,6 b. Sept. 1, 1909.
Cemeteries, "Old Scotch," p. 166. To those buried here should be added the

name, Jean [Taylor] w. of Jonathan Gates \vho d. 1803.
College Graduates, p. 163. The names of Theresa E. Morrison, Univ. of Minn.,
1902, should be added. Mr. Miller had given her birthplace as Bar-
net. Since this list was printed several natives of the town have com-
pleted a college course.
Erskine, Rev. Dr., p. 105. His discourse before the Synod of Fife \vas delivered
in 1727 instead of 1737. On p. 106, line 12, the w^ord "after" should
be "before" 1782.
Dunn, p. 333. Received too late for its proper place.
Children of James R..^ (James, ^ John. i)
i. RhoneyM.,*b. Mav 25, 1866 ; m. June 14. 1903, Susie Purdon of .Mis-
souri. Ch. (1) Ruth Eliza, 5. b. Jan. 7, 1907. (2 and 3) Almus J.,^
and Alta E.,5 b. March 21. 1910.
li. Eliza M.,* b. July 4, 1870. Res. Groton.

584 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

iii. William J. ,4 b. Oct. 19, 1873 ; m. July 2, 1900, Arvilla M.Page of Gro-
ton. Ch. (1) Mary E.,5 b. Aug. 8,1902. (2) Alice A.,5b. July 5.
190+. (3) Carlos M.,5 b. Mav 15,1906. (4.) Annabelle,^ b. Sept.
10,1908.
iv. Alice Elizabeth,* m. June 1. 1905, Erwin M. Clough of Groton. Ch.
Elizabeth May, b. May 13. 1909.

Gemmell, p 43. Robert Gemmell and son [HughJ from Douglass, arrived in Rye-
gate, Oct. 8, 1773, and took up land, but soon left the place. Hugh
Gemmell served in the revolutionary v^ar from Bath, and in 1819
wrote Gen. Whitelaw from Damascus, Broome Co., N. Y., where he
had been living some years.

Gibson, p. 357. For " Mabel Jane, dau. Pringle Gibson," read " Isabel Jane."

Gray, p. 370. For "George Matt," read "George Mott." For "Harry Matt b.
April 8, 1892" read "Harry Mott, b. April 8, 1883."

Haryey, p. 397. For "Cloud, m. Elizabeth, dau. John Harvey of Topsham,"
read " m. Parnel Strobridge of Peacham." It was Cloud Harvey of
a later generation who m. Elizabeth Harvey. See p. 380.
P. 380. Maria [Harvey] Renfrew d. 1909.

Henderson, p. 385 (additional.) Wm. J. Henderson enlisted 1864 in Co. F, 6th
Reg. 2d Brig. State Mihtia; elected captain Dec. 31, 1864; prom,
major, June 14, 1865.

Johnson, p. 398. Mrs. John S. Johnson d. Feb. 10, 1883. Sally M. Johnson d.
1859.

Hazen Road, p. 78. On the 16th of August, 1912, as part of the exercises com-
memorating the 150th anniversary of the settlement of Newbury, a
granite monument bearing a bronze tablet to mark the spot where the
Hazen Road began at Wells River, was dedicated with appropriate
services. The inscription is as follows :

BAYLEY-HAZEN ROAD
At this Point Began the So-Called Hazen Road,
Running Northerly 54 Miles to Hazen's Notch in
Westfield Recom.mended to General Washington
BY General Jacob Bayley. Built by General Bay-
ley AS FAR AS Cabot in 1776. Completed by Gen-
eral Moses Hazbn in 1779. Now Re-Christened.
Erected by the Town, August, 1912.

Lind, p. 576. Lind. E. G., b. Germany, 1828; tinsmith by trade, and in success-
ful business in N. Y. State; came to So. R., ab. 1878, continuing in
same business. Some investments which he made were much depressed
in value, but afterward recovered. He invested in land and built
seven cottages on Pleasant St. in one season. He m. Eunice T., dau.
Hiram Wood (b. R. May 25, 1844; d. 1907.) They had no chil. but
adopted a nephew of Mrs. Lind's who d. in his 20th year. The bell
on the 1st Pres. ch, of which they were members, was given by them
in his memory. Soon after his wife's death his house was burned. He
rebuilt the shop and worked in it till his d. Sept. 1, 1909, in his 83d
year. Scarcely a dollar of his wealth went where he had intended.
Bur at So. R.' in a lot enclosed with granite curbing in which he
erected a fine monument, but the money he set apart for the care of
the lot has never been paid. Mr. L. was a gentleman of the old
school.

Lytle. Received too late for its proper place.

Rev John pastor of United Presbyterian ch. at So Ryegate. Was b. at
Maghera Co. Derry, Ireland, Jan. 8, 1872. His parents were John
Lytle, b. at that p'lace 1829, d. there 1903, and Mary Jane [Work-
man] b. Garragh, Co. Derry, 1848; d. Maghera, 1904; they were m.
in 1868. Four ch. of whom John came to Am., 1889; grad. West-
minster Coll. 1904; Pittsburg Theo. Sem. 1907; ord. and inst. June
21, 1907 by the Delaware Presbytery over the U. P. ch. at Kort-

APPENDIX. 585

wright, Delaware Co., N. Y.; res. Dec. 11, 1910; began pastorate at
So. Ryegate, Dec. 18, 1910. He m. March 19, 1909. Mary Jane Haz-
lett (b. E. Meredith, N. Y., April 18, 1883; grad. Wellesley Coll.,
1908.) Ch. Nathalia, b. Aug. 7, 1912.
McKeen, p. 229. It seems that this statement is an error. Dr. McKeen was an
Anti-mason, and the Masons would not hear him preach. All this
was forgotten a few years later.
Miller, p. 443. In record of Edward S.,3 read (3) Carmen Edith.* b. May 5,
1907 instead of March 5. (4) Elmon Sumner Gordon,* instead of
Elmer.
Milligan, p. 449. Rev. James S. T. Milligan, D.D., d. at Pittsburgh, Pa.. Aug. 12,
1912, and was bur. at Denison, Kan. Miss Anna A. Milligan, presi-
dent of the Women's General Missionary Society of the United Pres-
byterian church, is his daughter. In the records of the Milligan fam-
ily as given by different members, there are slight differences. In the
Ryegate records the date of Rev. J. C. K. Milligan's birth is given as
Jan. 1, 1829, but by his son Feb. 1, of the same year. Annie M., dau.
of Rev. A. M. Milligan m. John R. Gragg of Pittsburgh instead of
David Gregg. The Milligan family was one of the most remarkable
families that ever originated in Vermont.
Mill-stones, p. 77. The mill-stones whose journey from Haverhill to Peacham
brought calamity on so many, were used for about 40 years in a grist-
mill near Col. Elkins which was kept by a man named Craig. They
now lie beside a blacksmith shop in Peacham, and were used for many
years in setting tires. — [W. K. Lynds.
Moore, p. 454. By Mrs. H. D. Moore. Received too late for its proper place.
5 John Atkinson, 3 (Samuel A. .2 Nathaniel, i) b. Jan. 13, 1847. In clothing
business at St. Johnsbury. He m. Aug. 10. 1870, Katherine, dau.
Hiram Hill. He d. at Asheville, N. C, Feb. 19, 1898 ; bur. at St. J.
Children :
i. John Hiram,* b. May 4.1872; res. Riverside, Cal. He m. 1st, June 10,
1893, Edith Hovey. who d. Jan. 20, 1907. 2d, Edith Brooks of Fair-
lee. Vt. Chil. bv 1st m. (1) John Harry, ^ b. Sept, 6, 1894. (2) Lillias
Ella.6 b. May 17, 1897 ; d. April 2, 1898. (3) Robert Hovey,^ b. Jan.
6, 1907.
ii. Lilhas Ida,* b. June 24, 1874. d. Dec. 10, 1888.
iii. Samuel Atkinson,* b. Sept. 22, 1876; clothing dealer at St. Johnsbury;

m. Sept. 12. 1907, Charlotte Kenney. No chil.
iv. Marion Florence* b. June 20. 1879; m. Dec. 11, 1906. Willis Byron
Fitch; res. St. Johnsbury. Vt. Ch. (I) Perry Moore.s [Fitch] b. Oct.
24. 1907. (2) Katherine Moore.s b. May 24, 1909. (3) Marion
Moore, 5 b. Oct. 4, 1911.
v. Hartwell Dean,* b. April 21, 1882; m. Oct. 20, 1909. Leila Carr;res.

St. Johnsbury.
vi. Andrew Buchanan,* b. Aug. 30, 1885; res. Grand Rapids, Mich.
vii. Frederick Olmstead,* b. Sept. 24, 1888; res. Baltimore, Md.
viii. Joseph Hill,* b. Jan. 4, 1891; res. Waterville, Maine.
Nelson, p. 465. (This record is as given by Mr. Miller, but corrected by W. S.
Nelson )

To the record of William Curtis* Nelson add: Ch. (1) Austin P. ,5
lived in 111., and d. there Feb. 20. 1881. one week after marriage. (2)
Lucy, 5 b. luly 1862; m. Rev. Simeon Hussey, a Baptist minister. In
1890 they lived at Litchfield, 111. 3 ch.
The name (viii. Lucy Moore*) p. 467, should not be there.
18 Nelson, Dr. Wm. G.,^ p 469, 470. This proof was not returned in season
to correct the record, Add : Mrs. Nelson d. at Cambridge, N. Y.,
1860. Her dau. Mary EHza (not Ellen) d. at Cambridge, 1905.
31 Nelson, Dr. J. R., p. 475. For Delmit dispensary, line 13, read Dewitt,
For Diphthalmogist in line 14 should read Ophthalmogist. A word in

586 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

line 13 is a inisprint. Dr. Nelson and Lillias A. Moore were m. April
22, 1874.

Old Militia, p. 220. The "Regimental Orders" for 1790 call for a muster of Col.
Wallace's regiment on the parade ground at Newbury, Sept. 30. This
ground was the field east of F. E. Kimball's at the south end of the
village. Col. Harvey's regiment was to muster Oct. 1, "on the parade
ground in Barnet." Where was the parade ground in Barnet ? It
would seem by the above that the militia of Caledonia Co. had been
made into a separate regiment between 1785 and 1790.

Old Houses, p. 236. The oldest house in this part of New England is understood
to be the one on the "Little Oxbow," in Haverhill, where M. A.
Meader lives, formerly the " Swasey farm." It was built in 1769 or
1770 by Col. John Hazen. and has been little altered. It is on the
meadow s. w. of No. Haverhill and opposite the "Great Oxbow" in
Newbury.

<t.

Road through Barnet from the Harvej- tract to the river, p. 143. After this vol-
ume was nearly all printed, the original bills for this road came to
light and an abstract is given here for their preservation. Samuel
Stevens of Barnet, Frye Bayley and Levi Sylvester of Newbury were
the committee to locate the road which seems to have been done about
1785. These men were paid six shillings a day for their service, Gen.
Whitelaw receiving 12 shillings per day for surveying it, his chainmen
receiving five shillings. The road wa« built at an average cost of £15,
10/ per mile.

Ryegate in the Civil War, p. 267. The list there given was prepared with the
assistance of several members of the Grand Army post at Wells River.
But the records show that several of these were born elsewhere. It
would be impossible for obvious reasons, to give a complete list.
The following names at least should be added : Cowles, Edward, Sur-
geon ; Goodwin, Charles R., 20th Mass.; Morrill, Alfred, 44tli Wis.;
Nelson, Archibald D., 15th Vt., Scott, Samuel W., 8th Vt.

Schools, p. 162. Mr. Gilfiillan ^vishes the names inserted of those who were
admitted to the primary dept. of the So. Ryegate school in 1908:
Marguerite Crowe, Alice Metcalf, Mary Green, Columbia Rosa, Amer-
ico Kosa. Marion Grierson, Lissel Steward. George Fisk, Winifred
Skinner, Elmer Pratt, and Lusino Lamhon had been in school a little
and were placed in the same grade.

Stuart, p. 533. Spooner's Vt, Journal for May 80, 1825, in an obituary notice of
James Btuart, b. at Barnet in 1797, a son of that Col. James Stuart,
who was drowned with Dr. Stuart in 1805, states that Claudius Stu-
art, who settled in Barnet \vas a soldier under Prince Charles Stuart
in the rebellion of 1745, and fought at the battles of Falkirk and Cul-
loden. This James Stuart, his grandson, was educated at Vt. Univ.,
but grad. at Yale College in 1818, became principal of Peacham Acad-
einv, was a fine scholar and contributed to the scientific publications
of his time. He d. at St. Johnsbury May 10. 1825.

Tyron, p. 11. For " William Tyron " read William Tryon.

United Pres.Ch., So. Ryegate, p. 132. On July 29, 1912, at a legally called meet-
ing of the pew owners of the Old Church (U. P.) it was decided by a
vote of 30 to 1 to raise the church and finish the basement for vestry
purposes. A building committee was elected viz., Robt. Farquharson,
F. J. Doe, R. H. Gates, Mrs. C. H. Grant, Mrs. Lee Brock and Miss
Josephine Gibson. James Lowe did the work by contract, all but fin-
ishing the basement which was done by F. J. Tewksbury. The audi-
ence room was refinished in steel, a new furnace, electric lights and
running water was installed at an expense of upwards of $3000.
The first service held after these changes was on Nov. 24.

Vance, p. 544. The date of birth of Marjorie E.Vance should read Aug. 19, 1912.

APPENDIX. 587

Webster, p. 551. [Correction received just before these pages went to press.]
(1) Stephen B.,2 b. March 12, 1812, and was m. Jan. 7, 1835 instead
of Nov. 12.

Witherspoon, p. 12. Prof. V. L. Collins of Princeton Univ., the latest biographer
of Pres. Witherspoon, says that Dr. W. could not have been in Lon-
don in 1792, as he was then an invalid. The deed was probably exe-
cuted by his attorney. The widow of Dr. Witherspoon married Rev.
Samuel Smith, D.D., who succeeded him as president of the college.
Letters from Dr. Smith about Ryegate and Newbury lands are among
the Whitelaw papers. There is a very curious deed on record at New^-
bury (Land Records, Vol. I, pp. 78-87,) by w-hich Rev. John Wither-
spoon, D.D., President of the College of New Jersey, being then in
Ivondon, conveys on June 13, 1784, to John Pagan, late of Greenock,
but then of London, two-thirds of a tract of 1250 acres in Newbury.
The deed covers six folio pages, and is very minute, with constant
repetition of legal phrases, and is wntnessei^by Charlton Palmer and
Charlton Pollock. Then follows an affidavit by James Whitelaw and
Alexander Harvey, made the year previous before Jacob Kent of New-
bury, to the intent that they were familiar with the lands in question
which were as described. Then comes an affidavit from Charlton
Pollock of Philpot Lane, London, "clerk to Charlton Palmer, Attor-
ney at Law, that they were present and did see the Rev. Dr. Wither-
spoon, etc., sign, seal, duly Execute and Deliver the Indexitures of Lease
and Release hereunto Annexed." This was sworn to at the Guild-
hall, London, June 15, 1784, before the Lord Mayor. And now^ the
Lord Mayor of London takes his turn and makes affidavit that on
the day aforesaid, Charlton Pollock, "being a Person well known and
worthy of good Credit and by Solemn Oath which he the said Depon-
ent there took before me upon the Holy Evangelists of Almighty God,
solemnly and sincerely Declared, Testified and Deponed." to the truth
of the matters contained in the affidavit. Last of all the Lord Mayor
of London, affixes the Great Seal of the City to this document, and
solemnly declares the truth and validity of "the Hereunto Annexed
Lease and Release, which are conveyed by the said Acts and Affidavits.
Dated in London, the 15th of June, One thousand Seven Hundred and
Eighty and Four." This is the land mentioned on p. 12. There may
be a similar deed on record at Ryegate. The record at Newbury was
written in London and the sheets are bound into the 1st volume of
land records. The hand writing is very elegant and as clear and dis-
tinct as if written only yesterday.
P, 39. For John Witherspoon read James.

Whitaker, p. 575. [This record was the last received for this volume.] .Addi-
tions to the record of Emeline [Whitaker] Scott.
John M. M. Scott and Emeline Whitaker,^ were m. Jan. 28, 1840.

Of their children :

Samuel W.,3 b. Oct. 2, 1840 ; member of Co. D, 8th Vt. Reg. in Civil war;
drowned at Bath, N. H., Julv 15. 1866.

David, 3 b. Dec. 2, 1841 ; member of Co. D, 8th Vt. Reg. in Civil war; d.

. at sea on transport Pioneer, Aug. 10, 1863.

Sarah E.,3 b. July 27, 1843; d. July 30, 1847.

Caroline, 3 b. Sept. 11, 1845; m. at Eau Claire, Wis., Abram Bracketts.
No. chil. She d. there, 1899.

James P., 3 b. Oct. 10, 1847; res. Columbus, O. Foreman in carriage
trimming and harness dept. Columbus Carriage Co. He m. June,
1870 at Stewartsville, Mo., Mary A. Howard. Ch. (1) Clyde.* (2)
Elsie.*

Nathan, 3 b. Sept. 18, 1850; chief engineer and machinist at Mass. State
Infirmarv, Tewksbury, Mass. He m. at Boston, Dec. 31, 1871, Mary
A. Roll. 'Ch. (1) David W.,* [Scott] deceased. (2) Mary C* (3')
Magdaline M.* (4) Daniel J.,* married. (5) John E.,* deceased. (6)

588 HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT,

James J.4 (7) Camilla E.* (8) Samuel J.* (9) Catherine,* deceased.
(10) Nathan E.*
Nathan Whitaker,2 d. at R. July 3, 1833.
Whitelaw, p. 572. Wm. T. Whitelaw,^ was not a member of the ch. at Wells
River, but in his latter years of the First Cong. ch. at St. Louis.
Hamilton D.,^ son of Oscar L. Whitelaw, grad. at Princeton Univ.
Mrs. Robert Whitelaw was bur. at Griggsville. 111.
Forsyth, Rev. William, p. 113. The title page of this pamphlet is as follows :
Sermon, Preached at Danville, Vt., Before the Fraternity of Free and Ac-
cepted Masons of Harmonv Lodge at the Celebration of the Festival
of St. John the Baptist, June 25, 1798. By William Forsyth, A. M.
Printed at Peacham, Vt., By Farley & Goss, 1798.
Dedication. To the Worshipful Master Warden and Brethren of Harmony
Lodge the following sermon is dedicated by their Most obedient hum-
ble Servant the Author. "Blessed are the merciful for they shall ob-
tain mercy. Matt. V : 7."
In the North Star for Oct. 7, 1843, R. H. Wilmot of Groton "from the Philo-
graphic Institute," advertises that he takes daguerreotypes and will
keep on hand a supply of apparatus and instruct pupils in the art.
This must have been one of the earliest attempts at photography in
this vicinity and a number of daguerreotypes taken by this Mr. Wil-
mot are in existence.

GENERAL INDEX

Allan, David, chosen commis-
sioner, . - - - 18
Journey with Whitelaw, - 19—35
Returns to Scotland, 42
Letters from, - - 262, 420
Ameliorating Society, Ryegate, 136
Annan, Rev's John and David, 111
Anti-Slavery Society, - - 232
Barstow, Thomas, account

book, - - - 137, 172

Bayley, Gen. Jacob, comes to

Newbury, ... 8

In Revolutionary war, 67, 88

Bayley, Col. Frye, - - 81, 85-87
Beattie, Rev. J. M., ministry,

126-129
Beveridge, Rev. Thos., preach-
ing and death, - - - 116
Blaikie, Rev. \Vm., - - - 122
Blantyre, Lord, opposes emi-
gration,- - - - 49, 160
Boltonville, Falls at, - - 50

Purchase, . - - - 50

Agreement to build mills

at, - - - - 51-53

Sold to Robert Brock, - 53

Irons used in, - - - 205
Brock, Andrew, came to Rye-
gate, - - - . - 42
Keeps tavern, - . - 14
Willie, musician, - - 209
Brock, Robert, Senior, buys

the mills at Boltonville, 53

Bond of, - - - - 261

Sales of land by, - - 262

Bullions. Rev, Peter, - - 117

Rev. Alexander, - - 117-120

Burgoyne, Gen., expedition. -
Instructions to Col.

81-86

Baum, - - - . 82

Cameron, John, merchant, '213, 214

Politician, - - . . 227

Donald, .... iqq

Calkin, Prof. J. B., about Rev.

Wm. Forsyth, - - . n
Campaign, "Hard Cider," - 232
Cemeteries, - - - 166-169
Clapperton, Rev. J. B., minis-
try, 122

Clark, Rev. Thos., - 21. Ill, 215
Clarkson, Rev. James, - 114,116
Cochrane, John, reedmaker, 204
Cold year, - . . . 218

Collins, Rev. F. A., - - - 122
Coverly, Nathaniel, bookstore,

newspaper, - - - 147
Currier, Dr. J. AL, recollec-
tions, .... 205
Masonic pamphlet, - - 224
Dartmouth College, White-
law's visit, - - 25, 258
Dark Day of 1780, The, - - 216
Deertield, Mass., destruction

of, . - - - - - 56

Deming, Hon- B. F., - - 231

Dunn, Alary, story of - - 167
Dwight, President, journey to

Canada, - - . . i

Eaton, Ebenezer, begins the

North Star, - - - 227
Anti-mason, - - 228-230

Erskine, Rev. Ebenezer, of Stir-
ling, Scot., - - 105, 615
Faris, Rev. D. C, sketch of

Ref. Pres. ch in Barnet, 134-137

Fairs, 194-196

Ferrier, Rev. Thos., - - - 117
Call, 117

i92

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Note upon, by Rev. J. A.

McKirahan, - - - 118
Forsyth, Rev. Wm., preaches

here, Ill

Teaches school, - - - 155

Removes to Nova Scotia, 1 12
Sermon before Harmony

Lodge, - - - - 113
Preaches " Election ser-
mon," - - - 246, 587

Franconia Iron Works, - - 206

Galbraith, Rev. G. T., - - 122

Gardner, Hugh, . - - 18

Chosen manager,
Gardner, John, of Glasgow, - 18
Makes compass for White-
lav^', 60

Gibson, Rev. Wm., conies to

America, - - - - 116
In Synod, . . - -
Pastorate, - - - - 114
Letter about mail, - - 148
Gilman, John S., - - - 162
Glover, W. F., - - - - 162
GoodwiUie, Rev. David, set-
tles in Barnet, - - - 116
Signers to his call from

Ryegate, - - - - 116
Preaches sermon at Mr.

Ferrier's ordination, - 117
GoodwiUie, Rev. Thos., D. D.,

opposes Synod, - 119,121

Preaches election sermon,- 246
Gookin, Asa, made carding

machines at Haverhill, 263
Goodwin, }. Merrill, recollec-
tions, 159, 210, 227, 234
Gordon, Rev. David, - 116, 120

Grange, Blue Mountain, - - 196
Granite business, - - 179,189

Harris, Rev. Daniel, ministry, 122

Haverhill, bank at, - - - 98

Newspapers, - , - 230

Harvey, Col. Alexander, - - 44

To Gen. Bayley, - - - 89

Alexander M., - - - 213
Col. George, upon the

North Star, - - - 228
Hazen Road. . - - . 70-78

382

91

Hazen, Col. Moses, - - - 75

Henderson, James, in Phila-
delphia, - - -
Comes to Ryegate,
Marriage, - - -
Politician, ... -
Appointed manager, - - 55—56
Contract with, ... 259
Hickory, Village, - - - 240
Hill, Rev. Robert A., - - 131

Houston. William, 18, 95, 96, 262.

435
Houston, Kev. John, - - 116

Houston, Rev. A. T., mmistry, 122
Hyslop. Robert. - 22, 155, 173
Inchinnan, Scotland, location, 15

History, . - - - 15-17
Red Cross Knight, - - 16

Company formed at, - 14

Indian Joe, - - - - 3, 69

Jameson, Col., life of, - 125. 126
Johnson, Sir William, - 23, 254
Johnson. Cul. Thos., com-
mands Co. to Ticonder-

oga, 85

Makes road to Canada, - 69

Capture of, - - - - 77

Draft sent to Canada, - 293

Johnston, Col. Robert, - - 81, 82

Jane, 160

John, adventure with a

bear, - - . - - 191
Jones, John Paul, - - - 173
Jones, John C, - - - . 53

Kendall, Rev. J. H., - - - 131
Knight, Mrs. Eleanor's recol-
lections, - - - 204, 217
"League and Covenant," The

solemn, - - 102, 103, 104
Letters, Whitelaw to Co., - 36

Pagan to Whitelaw and

Allan, ... - 38

Whitelaw to Co., - 41,43,47
Hamilton to Whitelaw, - 49

Whitelaw to Co., - - 65

Col. Johnson to Major

Stark, - - - - 69
Gen. Hazen to Gen. Bay-
ley, 74.

GENERAL INDEX.

593

Gen. Hazen to Col. Little, 75

Gen. Burgoyne to Col.

Baum, - - - - 82

Houston to Whitelaw, - 54, 95
Whitelaw to Houston, - 96

Rev. Win. Gibson to Col.

Johnson, - - - - 147
Whitelaw to Co., - - 196
Whitelaw to his father, - 257
Allan and Houston to

Whitelaw, - - - 262
Managersof Co. to White-
law, 264

Col. Wm. Wallace to Col.

Thos. Johnson, - - 293
Allan to Whitelaw, - - 420
Houston to Whitelaw, - 435
Little, Col. Moses, - 37, 75, 76
Josiah, ----- 53
Livermore, Arthur, recollec-
tions, - - 144, 172, 205
Mail Routes, - - - 146 et seq
Martin, Rev. James. - - - 121
Masonry, - - - - 224. 228
May, great snow storm in, - 218
McArthur. Rev. James, minis-
try, 120

McArthur, Rev. - - - -
McCollum, Elizabeth, strange

death of, - - - - 100
McClelland, - - - - 58
McDowell, Rev. W. J., pastor-
ate, 13

Mcintosh, Ebenezer, - - 289
McKeen, Rev. Dr., - - - 229
McKinney, Rev. James, - 125,126
McKirahan, Rev. J. A., upon
the call to Rev. Mr. Fer-
rier, - - - - . us
Upon the disruption in the

A. P. ch., - - - - 122
Pastorate, - - - -
McLaughlin, Archibald, in-
ventor, - - - . 202
McLeod, Rev. Alexander, 124. 126
Merrill, Rev. J. L., of Rev. Mr.

Clarkson, - - - lie

Merrill, Rev. David, - - 359

Meeting House, old, - 106-110

Cost, 260

Militia, The old, - - 219,586

Milligan. Rev. James, narra-
tive, - - - - 115, 128
Settles here, - - - 127

Teaches a private school, 162

Anti-mason, . - - 237
Pres. of Anti-slavery so-
ciety, ... -

Mone3% Continental,
Scarcity of, -
Counterfeit, - - - -

Monteith, Rev. John of Scot-
land,

Morey, Col. Israel, agent for
sale of lands, . - -

Narrows, The,

Neilson, William, signer of As-
sociation, - - - -
Comes to R., bravery m
the war, - - - -
Purchase of land,

Neilson, William of New York,
note,

Newbury, settlement of, -
Population in 1770, -
Conditions in 1774, -
Cong. ch. in.
Fort at. - - - -

Pagan, John, -

Page, Jacob, taken prisoner
in Rev. war.
Lame John, teacher,

Palmer, Hon. Wm. A.,

Patterson, Rev. Mr.,

Passiampsic turnpike,

Peacham Academy, -

Perry, Rev, Clark, historical
sermon, - - - -

Perry, Dr. Eh, settles here,
Precentor, . - - -

Pinkerton, Rev. W. L , pastor-
ate, . - - - -

Postage, - . - - 143, 145

PoUock.Rev.W. A., pastorate, 131

Poor, support of, - - - 170

Powers, Rev. Peter, 40, 43, 91, 106.

114. 115
Jonathan, first teacher, - 155

222
96
98
98

59

10
176

18

80
55

12

8
40
64
40

88
12, 587

230, 231

] 30

148 et seq

126, 162

62
150
120

129

594

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, YERMONT.

Nahum, taken prisoner, -

Note,

Pound, town, - - . -
Psalms, vote of Synod respect-
ing, -----
"Of David and by David,"
Lining out, - - - -
Pringle, Rev. Wm., ministry, -
Railroads, Passumpsic, -

Montpelier & Wells River,
Renwick, Rev. James,
Revolutionary war, unfortu-
nate for Ryegate, -
Invasion of Canada, -
The Hazen Road, 74-77,

Flight of settlers,
March of Capt. Frye Bay-
ley's Co. to Saratoga, -
Adventure of Barthole-
mew Somers, - . -
Blockhouses,
William Houston upon the

war,

Anecdote, - - - -
Roy, Nathaniel, 60th wedding

anniversary,
Ryegate, description,

Charter, - . - -
Grantees, - . - -
Sold to Church and Dr.
Witherspoon, - - -
N. Y. charter.
Land sold to John Pagan,
To Robert Hunter of N. Y.,
To Wm. Neilson of N. Y..
Purchase of one half of
Ryegate, - - - -
Settlers, - - - -
First arrivals, - - .
First death, - - - -
The "City,"

Why selected for settle-
ment, ....
First town meeting, -
Divison of house lots.
First marriage, -
Stocks and sign post.
Roads laid out, -
Traveling facilities, -

73

266

99

121

121
118
152
152
104

67

68

584.

80

85

85
87

75

88

1
9
9

10
11
12
12
12

34
41
42
43

48

65
90
90
91
91
92
92

Taxpayers in 1784, - - 92

Wild beasts, . . - 92

Buildings, . - - - 94

Pound, ----- 99

First schooi, - - - 154

First winnowing mill, - 198

Horse rake, - - - - 198

Mower, . - . . 198

Maple sugar, - - - 243

Saw mills, at Boltonville. 50, 205

At Symes Pond, - - - 175

On Hunter's brook, - - 175

On Ticklenaked Pond, - 175

Semple, William, account of

places, in Scotland, - 57

Scotch-American Co., organi-
zation, - - - - 16
Regulations, . - . 16
Signers to bond of Asso-
ciation, - - - - 18. 19
Remarks, - - - - 55
Expenses, - - - - 263
Settlement of its affairs, - 265

Scotland, state of in 1770, - 13

Condition of its people, - 13

Emigration, . . - 14

Erskine in 1773, - - 58

Inchinnan, description of, 15

Ministers of, . - . 58

Old Kilpatrick, - - - 58

Baldernock, - - - - 58

Kilmalcolm, . . . 59

Leshmahago, - - - 57

Houston, - - - - 59

Killallan, - . - - 59

Renfrew, - - - - 59

Kilbarchan, . - - 59

Lochinvernock, ... 60

Govan, .... 68

Paisley, . . - - 60

Glasgow, - - - - 60

Balfron, - - - - 61

Gargunnock, . - - 61

Roseneath, - - - - 61

State of, durmg Rev. war, 75

Wages in 1792, - - - 62

(See also index of places in) 607

Sias, Rev. Solomon, - - 230

Simpson, Rev. Patrick, - " - 59

GENERAL INDEX.

595

Smith, Dr. Gideon, - - - 210
Dr. Nathan, - - - 211
Andrew, death of, - - 43
Somcrs, Bartholemew, adven-
ture, 85

Stages, . - - - 143-14-5

Arthur Livermore upon,
Stevens, Rev. Alfred -
Sutherland, Rev. David, jour-
nal, 62

Upon Conn, river.

Upon intemperance, - - 171

Symes, Agnes, - - - - 91

Taverns, 142

Temperance, . . - . 172
Ten mile tree. The, - - - 114
"Tokens," origin of, - - 103
Still used in Barnet, - - 136
Tufts, Henry, - - - - 97
Turnpike, Passumpsic, - 148-150
Boston and Montreal, - 151
Trussell. Jacob, . . . 160
Webster, Daniel, - - - 174
AtOrford, - - - - 232
Wells River, why named, - 7
Fort at mouth of, - - 5
Navigation from, - - 140
Wellman, Dr. Lemuel, - 117.118
Wesson, Capt. Ephraim, - 169
Wheeler, Glazier, - - - 97
Whitehill library, - - - 242
James, house, - - - 238
Wilkinson, Maj. James, - 64
Witherspoon, President, pur-
chase of lands, - - 12
Meets Whitelaw, - - 21
Makes offer of land, - 27
Sketch of, - - - - 39
Preaches here, - - - 115
Sells the W^itherspoon

tract, . - - . 557

Pretended diary, - - 244

Deed by, - - . . 537

Witherspoon, James, 39, 40', 239,

557
W'hitelaw, James, chosen com-
missioner, ... 18
Journal, . . . . 19
Agreement with church, - 37
Purchases water privilege

at Boltonville, - - 50

Appointed Surveyor Gen-
eral, ----- 54
Resigns agency, - - - 54
Prepares account of Rye-
gate in 1824, - - - 63
Whitelaw, Abigail, - - 156, 162
Whitelaw's Journal, leaves

Scotland, - - - - 17

Voyage, . - . . 19

At Philadelphia, - - 21

Journey to New York, - 22

To Albany, - - . . 22

At Johnstown, - - - 23

Crosses the scene of Bur-

goyne's defeat, - - 24

From Albany to Charles-
town, N. H., - - - 23
Visits Dartmouth College, 25
At Ryegate, . . . 25
Journey from Charlestown

to New York, - - - 26

Indians, . - . . 26

At Princeton, N. J., - - 27

To Fort Augusta, - - 27, 28
At Carlisle, Pa., - - 29

Shippensburgh, - - - 29

Pennsylvania, description

of, - - -
In Maryland^
In Virginia, -
In No. Carolina,
Settlement,
Wylie, Rev. S. B., -

<^ Young, Rev. Walter,

30
31
31

- 32-34

- 43-45
106, 126

58, 165

INDEX TO CONNECTED FAMILIES

As the records are given alphabetically it will be easy to find any name
belonging to a Ryegate family. But there are liere the records of some 275 fam-
ilies bearing other names. This index is of parents ; the husband's names in
alphabetical order, the maiden name of the wife of each, and the page on which
the record of their children may be found.

Alger, Elmer E. — Ethelyn \V.

Pettee, - - - - - 409

Anderson, Horace W. — Ther-
esa J. Cochran. - - - 314

Anderson, John \V.— Aderth

B. Gibson, - - - - 356

Annis, Joseph — Betsey Currier, 323

Annis, Clovis — Sarepta Cur-
rier, ----- 323

Arthur, Ellsworth — Georgian-

na Miller, - - - - 445

Atwood, Benjamin R. — Lois

. L. Nelson, - - - - 469

Bailey, Alexander — Mary S.

Nelson, 46S

Bailey, Joseph — Clara White-
hill, ----- 565

Bailey, Truman — .\gnes G.

Batchelder, - - - - 465

Bailey, Charles R.— Marilla J.

McLure, - - - - 429

Balch, C. W.— Mabel GilfiUan 365

Batchelder, Nathan — Mary N.

Nelson, ----- 464

Batchelder, Nathaniel— Josie

R. Nelson, - . - - 470

Bedell. Clarence L. — Alice M.

Nelson, ----- 476

Bell, John D.— Nellie H. Wiley, 575

Bemis, Olin— Joy McLure, - 430

Bennett, Cutting— Sarah J,

Whitehill, - - - . 567

Bennett, Richard— Effie V.

Morse, 459

Bigelow, Lewis A. — Mary J.

Whitehill. - - - - 563

Bill, Frank C— Elizabeth M.

Harvey, - - - . 430

Blackburn, Walter K. — Rosa-
bel Gibson, - - - - 359

Bishop, John R.— Lois M.Gib-
son, . - - - - 358

Blake. Eben W.— Maria G.

Nelson, 463

Blain, Frank— Hattie P. Car-
ter, ... - - 324

Blain, George— Ella E. Carter, 324

Blair, Gilbert— Mary A. Batch-
elder, ----- 470

Blanchard, Jacob — Jeffie Cam-
eron, 376

Blanchard. Rev. Charles A. —

Margaret E. Milligan, 447

Blanchard, .Martin Y.— Mar-
garet Holmes. - . - 388

Boardman, Martin — Ann E.

Gates, ----- 345

Boardman, Moses — Isabella

Smith, ----- 527

Bodweil, Arthur — ^Jennie E.

Gibson, - - - - 358

Boyce. James .\I. — Rosabelle

Miller. ----- 44-3

Brock. Thomas — Eliza Craig, 319

Brock, Wm. W.— Orinda J.

Nelson, 468

Brophy, Truman W. — Emma

J. Mason, - - - - 414

598 HISTORY

Bross, John A. — Isabella A.
Mason, ....

Brown, Samuel F. — Margaret
A. Stanley, - . . -

Brownlee, Thos. E— Mabel G.
Wiley,

Bullock, Joseph A. — Ann Ma-
son,

Bullions, Rev. David — Isabella
Harvey, ....

Calderwood, John — Elizabeth
Smith,

Carpenter, Arthur H. — Harriet
E. Stanley, ....

Carson, Wm. W. — Elizabeth
S. McLure, - - - .

Center, Harry B. — Lillian G.
Whitelaw, ....

Chamberlin, Herman D. — El-
len M. Nelson,

Chapin. George S. — Abigail
Donaldson, - - . .

Clark, Harvey N. — Zerniah
Gates,

Clark, Daniel F. — Josephine E.
Cochran, ....

Clark, Horace — ^Josie Noyes, -

Clark, Arthur H. — Jennie A.
Park, - - - . .

Cleasby, Samuel — Alice Nelson

Clement, John E. — Katherine
J. Bachop, ....

Cook, Frank — Mary E. Ram-
sey,

Coles, Howard L. — Alice S.
Finlay, -----

Colby, Irving J. — Lucy W.
Morse,

Conant, John — Mary Stewart,

Conway, Thomas — Lydia Mc-
Lam, - . . - .

Corliss, Andrew G. S. — Agnes
E. Batchelder,

Corliss, Duncan M, — ^Jane Mil-
ler, - .....

Costello, Martin— Martha A.
Quint,

Cowdery, Geo. F. — Mary
Buchanan, ... -

OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

413
285
575
4-13
376
527
285
•429
573
477
332
344

314

484

496
465

283

528

338

460
531

424

476

443

503

702

Courteney, Thomas — Annette

J. Brown, ....

Craigie, Nathan P.— Mary E.

Slye, - . - .

Crook, Walter R. -Isabella M,

Nelson,

Cunningham, Rev. John D. —

Janet C. Nelson, ...
Daniell, Allison N. — Lucia A.

McLaughlin,
Daniels, Martin E.— Cora E.

Brock, - - - - -
Davis, Joseph — Mary Gibson,
Davis, Geo. A. — Mary A.

Wormwood, ...
Deveraux, H. — Ida J. Page,
Dillon, Irving P.— Julia F.

Smith,

Dowse Lewis G. — Ida M. Cro-

Drew, Herbert G.— Mabel L.

Perry, .....
Dubois, Allison N. — Lillian B.

McLeod, ....
Duncan, Horace H. — Margaret

J. McColl, ....
Dunlap, Elan — Sarah C.

Knight. - . . .

Dyer, D. C. — Nancy A. Vance,
Eastman, Bernard — Alice G.

Morrison, . . - .
Eastman, Wilbur F. — Annie

M. Miller, ... -
Eastman, James W. — Mary S.

Clark,

Emery, W^infield — Margaret

• Wright, ....

Esden, Robert — ^Janet Gibson,

Ferguson, Orrin — Susan M.

Nelson, - - - . -
Ferrin, Brackett — Laura

Wright, ... -
Fobes. Charles A.— Edith M.

Gibson, . - - - -
Folsom, Wm. A. — Susan

Thomas, ....
Fletcher, Howard M.— Ger-
trude Cochan,
Friend, Herve — Mary Lang,

298

518

476

468

408

297
351

577
492

527

321

362

428

417

401
543

457

443

309

581
352

473

581

361

540

314
402

INDEX TO CONNECTED FAMILIES.

French, Harold C— Susan

Currier, - . - . 324

French, Geo. A.— Allie J. Cor-
liss, ----- 470

Frost, Wni. E.— Rosamond

Chamberlin, - - - 305

Frost, Orange C.—MattieOrr, 487

Frye, John L.— Sarah M . Dunn, 324

Gait, John A.— Isabella A.

Mason, ... - 413

Gait, Zadoc— Izabella A. Ma-
son, ----- 413

Getz, Howard P. — Margaret

C. Wiley, - - - - 575

GilfiUan, Robert M.— Frances

Bachop, - - - - 283

Gilkerson, Thos. — Marion

Somers, - . . - 527

Gile, Fred— Cora A. Meader, 433

Gill, Rev. C. O.— Mary A. Nel-
son, 474

Glynn, L.— Mary Perry, - - 498

Goodhue. Horace — Sarah A.

Bigelow, - - - - 290

Goodnow. Virgil P. — Phebe A.

Morrison, - - - . 458

Goodfellow, Wm. H. — Edna

McAllister, - - - - 414

Goodwin, Thos. — Eliza White-
hill. - . - . . 566

Gracey, John — Voda Page, - 490

Gray, J. S.— Pearl W. Moore, - 454

Gross, Ernest — Anna Gates, - 345

Griffin, Richard — Maria A. Mc-

Lure, , - - - - 430

Hall, Thos. B.— Elizabeth M.

Donaldson, - - - - 331

Hand, Aaron — Polly Currier, 823

Hanson, Ernest C. — ^Jennie E.

Bolkum, - . - - 283

Harding, Frank E. — Sarah J.

Whitehill, - - - - 562

Harris, Geo. A. — Minnie L.

Nelson, - - - - 471

Haseltine, Geo. E.— Lydia J.

Miller, ----- 439

Hastie, Thos. G.— Jennie M.

White, ----- 336

Hawkins, Ellsworth — Matilda

599

J. Smith, - - - - 528

Hazen, Lucius K. — Laura K.

Nelson, ----- 468

Heacock, Horace — Mary L.

McLam, - - - - 430

Hewett. B. F.— Louise Gates, 344

Hill, Rev. H. W.— Sarah A.

Henderson, - - - - 385

Hill, Henry W.— Sophia H.

White, ----- 554

Hotchkiss, Henry I. — Martha

Buchanan, - - - . 302

Hooper, Araasa L. — Ellen M,

Millis, - = . - - 450

Ho ward, Benjamin — Sally Cur-
rier. 323

Hoyt, Sherman — Helen L. Gil-
fiUan, - - - - . 365

Ingalls, Morrill — Adeline Stew-
art, ----- 532

Ingram, Ernest — Blanche J.

Brown, - - - - 298

Jackman, Winthrop T.— Cora

A. McLam, - - - - 424

Johnson, W. C. — Hepzibah A.

Calhoun, - - - - 315

Johnston, James H. — Saman-

tha J. Gibson, - - - 358

Jones, John — Sarah Orr, - - 485

Knox, Leon F. — Margaret G.

Low, ----- 408

Kingsbury, OwenF. — Hannah

F. Nelson, - . - - 480

Lackie, Wm. B. — Mary B.

Beattie, - - , - 286

Lackie, Geo. A. — Cora B,

Browne, - - - - 298

Lamson, Arthur C. — Bertha J,

Holmes, - - . . 389

Lazella, J. W.— Ruby A. Mc-
Lam, ----- 420

Leslie, Geo. R.— Mary Leslie, - 367

Libbey, Clayton H. — Alice J.

Powers, - - - - 512

Little, A. W.— Eleanor J. Mc-
Lam, 423

Lowell, W. W. -Isabel A. Nel-
son, - - - - - 471

Ludlow, Richard — Lucy J.

600 HISTORY.

Quint, - . - - -

Lynds, W. H.— Agnes J. Mc-
Coll, - - -

Mann. Arthur— Mary J. Pat-
terson, -----

Martin, Peter — Catherine Mc-
Keith, - - - . -

McBride, James— Mary J. Nel-
son, -----

McCord. W. H.— Isabel K.
Park, - - - -

McDonald, Malcf)lm— Cather-
ine Farquharson,

McGill, John— Margaret A.
Gibson, . - . -

McGinness, Bert— Phebe B.
Mender, - - - -

McLaren, John— Jean Craig, -

McLellan, John— Margaret J.
Dickson, . - - -

Metcalf, Charles T.— Margaret
J. Cochran, - - - -

Miller, Washington — Isabel
Roben, - - - - -

Miner, Loren P.— Lydia J.
Smith, . - - - -

Moore, Josiah A. — Anna S.
Gibson, -----

Morrill, John H.— Alice J.
Brock, - - - - -

Morse, Valentine— Mary J,
Gates, - - - - -

Morse, John C— Jane W. Har-
vey, - - - - -

Mungall, James— Mary J. Mc-
Lam, - - - - -

Nichols, P. R — Rosella J. Ro-
ben, - - - - -

Norman, Dfin— Ellen McLam,

Paddleford. Comer— Hannah
Nelson. - - - - -

Paddleford, Curtis— Ruth P.
Batchelder, - - - -

Page, Harrison— Nancy A.
Whitehill, - - - -

Page, Isaiah N.— Roselle Mil-
ler, ------

Paige, Charles N —Mary J. Mc-
Lure, - - - - ■

OF RYEG^TE, VERMONT.
502
417

497

420

465

493

327

351

433
319

329

314

514

527

360

296

3-13

380

424

576

424

463
465
567
444
429

Pattridge, L. \Y.— Jane Mc-
Coll, - - - . -

Perrin, Alden G — LilHe M.
Lumsden, . - . .

Perry, Amos B.— Mabel G.
Gilchrist, . . - .

Pettee. Geo. W.— Martha A.
Lumsden, ....

Plummer, Jackson R — Ellen
M. Gibson, - - - -

Plummer, Willis — Nellie E.
Lang, -----

Putnam. John J. — ^Julia A.
Moore,

Ramsay, James — Margaret E.
Smith,

Randall, F. J.-Elva J. Gib-
son, . . - . -

Randall, Henry H. — Agnes G.
Hotchkiss, : - - -

Randall, Herbert E— Hattie
B. Morrison,

Reid. Wm. H. — Lillian Swan,

Renfrew, John — MariaB. Har-
vey, - . - - .

Ricker, Wm. A.— Carrie J.
Esden,

Roberts, Jackson— Margaret
J. Gibson, - . - -

Robinson, Rev. C. F.— Flor-
ence E. Pringle. -

Roy, Alexander — Eliza Gates,

Rusk, Wm. S.— Mary E. Mill-
igan, - - - - -

Schamp, Justus— Harriet J.
Knight. - . - -

Scott. John M. M.— Emeline
Whittaker.

Sherburne, Daniel — Nancy
Moore,

Sherwood. A. M.— Winona
Moore, - - - - -

Shields, James— Martha M.
Morrison, - - - -

Sims, John-Helen Henderson,

Sinclair, John C— Agnes J.
Donaldson, - - - -

Sloane, Rev. J. R W. -Marga-
ret Milligan,

416

409

362

409

356

403

453

528

357

302

457
496

380

326

356

501
344

447

401

586

452

454

458
386

331

447

INDEX TO CONNECTED FAMILIES.

Sloane, Prot. Wm. M.— Mary

E. Johnston, - - - 447

Smith, Fred H.— Laura J.

Dunn, - - - - - 334

Smith, Seldon C. — Emma G.

Ritchie, .... 512

Smith, Henry— ^Catherine J.

Hall, 376

Smith, Parmer — Elizabeth
Davis,

Smith, George W. — Chestina

Reid, ----- 505.

Somers, Amos K. — Elizabeth

J. Warden, - - - . 548

Somers, Owen — Ellen Wright, 580

Stanley, John C. — Jane Beat-
tie. 285

Stanley, Charles A. — Eizabeth

J. Johnston, - - - 379

Stearns. James P. — Gertrude

A. Nelson, - . - - 469
Steele, Geo. B — Maude B.

Fuller, - - - - - 341
Stevens, Xerxes C. — Elizabeth

M. Harvey, - - - - 379
Stevens, Michael — Hannah

Nelson, ----- 463
Sturdevant, Charles E. — Mary

E. Stewart, - - - 532

Swan, Henry F. — Sarah J.

Park, 496

Swinnerton, Rev. W. T. — Al-

mira 1. Hooker, - - - 568
Taggart, James — Mary A.

VVhitehill, - - - - 562
Taisey, Daniel — Isabel J.

Latto, 403

Taylor, Arthur W. — Jessie

Park, 495

Tebbetts, Gustavus — Mar}-

Caldwell, - - - - 304
Tewksbury, Fred J. — Joanna

B. Sargent, - - - - 518
Thorn, Sherburne S — Lucy A.

Knight, - - - - 401

Totten, John H — Margaret J.

Park, 495

Tomlinson, Edward — Lillian

601

S. Morrison, - - - 458
Tousley, Dewitt — Sophronia

M. McLure, - - - 424

Tremaine, John G. — Catherine

McLam. - - . - 424
Tremble, Sidney B. — Pansy D.

Moore, 454

Tyler, Geo. L — Mary S. Gates, 344
Vance, James — .Mary E. Mc-
Laughlin, - - - - 428
Varnuni, Josiah^emina Gilfil-

lan, 365

Varne3% Joseph — Julia A.

Moore, 453

Walker, Fred M.— Margaret J.

McLam, . - . . 423
Warren, Edward L. — Sarah J.

Dunn, 333

Welch, Stephen V. — Lizzie M.

Lang. 403

Wellman, C. H.— Cynthia Big-

elow, 290

West, Frank G.— Lizzie S. Mil-
ler, 439

Whipple, David J. — ^Jennie M.

Pringle, - - - - 501

Whitcher, Abner J.— Ella M.

McAlhster, - - . - 414
Whitcher, Hiram — Margaret

Nelson, ----- 478
Whitcher, William — Mary

Dickson, - - . - 330
White, Rev. W. P.— Lizzie E.

Chamberlin, - - - 330

Willard, Rodney F. — Louisa J.

McLure, . - - - 426
Wills, Samuel J. — Agnes E.

Smith. - . - - 528

Wilson, James D — Marietta

T. Lumsden, - - - 409
Wilson, Joseph H. — Margaret
■ L. Bachop, - - - - 283
W ilson, Wilfrid — Katherine A.

Hunter, - - - - 394

Wilson, Robert — Carrie B.

Rhodes, . - - - 508

Voung, Robert W. — Sarah G.

Whitehill, - - - - 562

INDEX TO PORTRAITS

Beattie, Rev. James, - - 122

Thos. G., - - - - 310

Bigelow, John, - - - - 290

Bole, Rev. John, - - - 130

Buchanan, Andrew, - - - 300

Daniel R., - - - - 300

Canfield, Rev. C. K.. - - 134

Chamberlin, Solomon, - - 310

Cochran, Alexander, - - 314

Theresa [Hall], - - - 314

George, - - - 270, 314

Addie [Nelson], - - - 314

Collins, Rev. F. A., - - - 122

Darling, Dr. John B. - - 326

Dr. George W, - - - 326

George L, - - - -' 326

Farc[uharson, Robert, - - 252

Lieut. R. B. . - . 338

Flagg, Rev. James W., - - 134

Gibson, George A., - - - 354

John, 350

Pringle. . - . . 354

Gilfillan, Wm. N., - - - 270

Gray. William, - - - - 370

Isabel [Roben], - - - 370

Matthew R., - - - 370

Parnel [Harvey], - - 370

Grant, William D., - - - 338

Hall, Rev. John J., - - - 132

George L., - - - - 374

Moses B., - - - - 374

Henderson, William, - - 382

Maj. W. J., - - - - 382

Abigail [Whitelaw] - - 568

Holmes, James C, - - - 552

Wesson G., - - - - 552

Jackson, Rev. Samuel A., - 130

Johnston, James, - - - 398

Kendall, Rev. J. H., - - - 130

Manchester, Benjamin, -

Luther, - - - -
McArthur, Rev. J. H.,
McDowell, Rev. W. J., .
McKirahan, Rev. J. A., -
McLam, Wm. T..

John A., . . .

Family Reunion,
McLure, John, -

James T. H.,
Miller, Alexander A.,

A. Robert, -

Edward [Senior],

Edward, Frontispiece,

Eliza [Gates]

George A., - - .

Hermon,

Hugh G., - - -

Isabel [Gardner],

James, - - - -

John, - - - .

Robert,

William, . - .
Milligan, Rev. James,

Rev. Alex. M.,

Rev.J. S. T.,

Rev.J. C. K.,
Mills, Samuel, -
Morrison Family,
Nelson, George G., -

Isabel [Buchanan], -

James, - - . -

Dr. James R.,

John, - - - -

John F.,

Robert,

Samuel W., -

Maj. Thomas,

Dr. William,

310
310
130
130
122
252
252
422
430
430
434
434
442
444
442
444
270
444
442
444
444
434
442
446
446
446
446
290
458
252
464
464
470
464
464
464
470
398
470

604

HISTORY OF RYEGATE, VERMONT.

Park, Alexander H.. - - - 494

Archibald, - - - - 494

George N.. - - - - 494

Margaret [Roben], - - 494

Nelson A., - - - - 252

Pollock, Rev. W. A., - - 130

Reid, Marion [Ronalds], - 504

Whitelaw, - - - - 504

Renfrew, James, - - - 506

Jean [Esden], - - - 506

William, . . . - 506

Ritchie, Archibald, - - - 532

Roben, Douglas, ... 514

Lieut. Douglas. - - - 514

Matthew, - - - - 514

Walter, - - - - 514

Walter Jr., - - - - 514

Savage, Albert R., - - - 518

Shackford, Mrs. C. J., - - 434

Stewart, Allan, - - - - 530

Allan Jr., - - -. - 530

Duncan, . - . . 532

JohnC, - - - - 518

Margaret [Ritchie] - - 532

Mary [Miller], - - - 530

Sturdevant, C. R., - - - 532

Mary [Stewart], - - 532

Symes, Robert, - - - - 382

JohnH., - - - - 382

Wallace, Rev. W. S., - - 132

Wells, P. P., - - - - 270

Whitehill, Corwin W., - - 552

Prof. N.J. , - - - - 552

Ouincy A., - - - - 270

Whitelaw, Albert M., - - 270

Gen. James, - - - - 568

Mehitabel [Barron], - - 568

Robert, - . . - 568

William T., - - - - 568

Wright, Waterman W. - - 290

INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS

Blue Mountain and home of

George Cochran, - - 86
Blue Mountain and home of

A. E. Hall, - - - 86
Blue Mountain from Jefferson

Hill, ----- 8
Blue Mountain from No. Rye-
gate, 65

Churches, United Pres. at Rye-
gate Corner, - - - 106
Ref. Pres., at So. Ryegate, 136
First Pres. at So. Ryegate, 136
Church Certificate of John

Park and wife. - - 4-92

Miller Homestead, - - - -ii-t

McLam Reunion, - - - ■1-22

Morrison Family, - - - 458

Quarry, M. H. Gibson's, - - ISO

Rosa Bros., - - - - 186

Residences. S. Chamberlin, - 228

Geo. G. Nelson. - - - 228

Wm. T. McLam, - - 166

Ryegate Light and Power

Plant, 174.

Paper Mill, - - - - 174

Old Store at the Corner, - 214

Whitelaw's Map of, - 97

South, View of. - - - 260

South, Brick Block at, - 201

Schoolhouses, Ryegate Corner, 1 06

South Ryegate, - - - 160

Dist. No. 9. - - - - 160

Whitelaw, old house built by

Gen. James, - - - 214

"Whitehill Neighborhood, - 246

Whitehill, James, stone house

built by, - - - - 238

Kitchen in old stone house, 238

Witherspoon, President, re-
ceipt, . - - - - 38

Witherspoon Lake, - - - 65

INDEX

TO

Places in Scotland Mentioned in This Work

Aberdeen, - - 332^367,382,488

Andenton, 557

Anderstown, - . - - - 248
Annandale, .... 497

Atherstone, .... 503

Baldernock, - - 58, 399, 300
Balfron, 61, 329, 362, 364, 382, 415,

459, 482
Balmaghie, .... 398

Banff. 367

Barsale, 373

Bassydroon, .... 459

Berscute, 441

Bishopstown, - - - - 18

Bonaill, 19

Bothwell, ... - 461,568
Bothwell Bridge, - - - 568

B.^ehead, 259

Bridge of Weir, - - - - 328
Buchanan, - - - 299, 369, 419
Burochan Mills, ... 367
Calder, ... - 434,512

Cambuslang, - - - 528, 529
Cornesthorne, . - - . 505

Craigend, 259

Cromdale, 531

CuUoden, 586

Curbath, 407

Dalmellington, ... - 445
Denny, . . . . . 363

Douglas, 542

Drummond, .... 407

Drymond, 415

Dumfries, 156

Dunbarton, .... 19

Dundee, 363

Eastwood, 261

East Kilpatrick, ... 19

Edinburgh, 103, 335, 363, 376, 386,

435, 452, 568

Elgin, 284

Ellerslie, - - - 61, 369, 492,
Erskine, 18, 58, 165, 312, 318, 341,
412, 441, 461, 463, 478, 510,
511,537, 538, 542,544
Falkirk, ..... 586
Oargannock, - - 58, 61, 376

Giftbrd, - ... - 39

Glamis, 579

Glasgow, 18, 60, 264, 282, 288, 291,

295, 335, 351, 368,413,

424, 428, 442, 499, 513,

520, 529, 533, 557, 587

Glenshinnock, 18, 259, 341, 379, 461

Govan. - - - - 19, 60, 564

Greenock, 19, 257, 405, 520,544, 547

548, 550, 587

Hillsheadhohn, ... 18, 520

Houston, 18, 59, 262, 278, 280, 335,

450

Inchinnan, 15, 16, 18, 57, 372. 379,

382, 420, 434, 460, 461,

464, 49 ->, 538, 542, 555,

557, 558, 564

Inverness. 379

Johnstone, - - 59, 312, 360, 402
Keppen, . . . . . 335
Kilallen. - - - 18, 59, 394

Kilbarchan, - 18, 59, 368, 382
Kilmalcolm, 18, 52, 264, 278, 303,
384,387,402,405,441,
450, 484, 538, 597

608

HISTORY OF RVEGATE, VERMONT.

Kilpatrick, Old, - 58, 293, 294-, 234
Kilpatrick. New, 19,293,512,513
Kilpatrick, East, - - 19, 434
Kilmarnock, - - - 333.421
Kircowan, ----- 327
Lanark, ----- 335

Largo. 546

Leshmahago, - - 57, 280, 351
Lewis (Island of) - - - 456
Lockwinnock, - - 60, 340. 393
Markinch, - - 331,371,403,408
Mauchlin, - - - - - 512

Murdiestown, - - - - 546

Neilstone, ----- 18

Old Monkland, - - - 19, 568

Paisley, 18. 60, 259, 282, 288, 335,

337,349, 351, 368,412,

413, 419.420, 428,441,

450, 460, 492, 500, 505,

506, 525, 534, 584

Pathhead, ----- 386

Perth, ------ 500

Perthshire, ----- 427

Pittenweem, - . - - 557
Port Helen, . - . . 282

Port Glasgow, - - 19, 259, 482

Portree, 284

kanton, - - - - - 330
Renfrew, - 5, 7, 262, 264, 265, 420,
505, 557, 573
Rosebury, - - . - 333, 533
Roseneath. - - - 61, 405, 570
Rutherglen, . . - . 450

Sandisland, . . - . 434

Sanchen, 340

Spey (River), - - - . 305

Stirling. 105

St. Ninians. - - . - 459

Strathdon, ----- 337
Strathspey. *- - - - 367
Strathblame, - - - 406,421

Thornhill, 340

Turiff, ------ 367

Uig( Lewis), - - - - 418

Weymas, - - - - - 371

Wick, ------ 334

Wigtonshire, - - - - 327

Woodside, 520

Yocker, - . - . - 513

Places in Ireland Mentioned in This Work

Antrim (Co.), - - - 499,517
Ballybally, ----- 279
Ballygraffcin, - - - - 403
Ballymens, - - - - 348, 396

Balmaghie, 398

Beatons Wall, - - - - 284

Belfast. - - 291, 292, 404, 419
Billerabent Parish, - - - 399
Derry, ------ 504

Down (Co ) - - 347, 427, 523

Dublin, 432

Dunaghy Fort, - - - - 396

Greencastle Parish, -

Grey Abbey, - - -

Knockbrackan. - - -

Limerick, - - - -

Londonderry. - 284, 328,

Maghera, - - - -

Newton, - - - -
Newtonard,
Newton Stewart,
Temple Patrick,

Velston, - - - -

399
404
347
579
338, 420
584
415
523
291
279
297

Muo 0 - laob